Wikipedia swwiki https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mwanzo MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.3 first-letter Media Maalum Majadiliano Mtumiaji Majadiliano ya mtumiaji Wikipedia Majadiliano ya Wikipedia Faili Majadiliano ya faili MediaWiki Majadiliano ya MediaWiki Kigezo Majadiliano ya kigezo Msaada Majadiliano ya msaada Jamii Majadiliano ya jamii Lango Majadiliano ya lango Wikichanzo Majadiliano ya Wikichanzo TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk Wikipedia:Jumuiya 4 915 1549805 1549665 2026-05-24T14:16:42Z Said Mfaume 68307 /* Ombi la kuwezesha VisualEditor kwenye kurasa za mradi (Wikipedia Namespace) */ Jibu 1549805 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ * '''en:'''Welcome to the '''Swahili Wikipedia Village Pump!''' * '''sw:''' Ukurasa huu ni kwa ajili ya kuwasaidia watu wanaotaka kuboresha kamusi hii na kujadiliana mambo ya jumuiya yetu! * [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Matukio ya Kimataifa|Orodha ya Matukio ya Kimataifa]]:Unaweza kuangalia kalenda hiyo ya matukio ya kimataifa na ukipendezwa unaweza kushiriki tukio lolote iwapo utaona linakuhusu. Viungo vya jumuiya: {| class="wikitable" border="1" |- |[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]] <br/>'''Fungua hapa kuona kura kuhusu wakabidhi wapya!''' |[[Wikipedia:Makala kwa ufutaji]] |[[Wikipedia:Maboresho yanayohitajika]] |[http://tools.wmflabs.org/wikiviewstats/?locale=en&lang=sw&project=&page=&datefrom=2014-05-02&autofilter&type=world Makala zinazotembelewa sana leo hii] |[[Wikipedia:Kuzuia watumiaji]] |- |[[Wikipedia:Ubalozi]] |[[Wikipedia:Kundi la Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]] |[[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Daruser|Wikimedia Community User Group Tanzania]] |[[Wikipedia:Makala zilizoombwa]] |[https://xtools.wmcloud.org/ec Michango yote ya mtumiaji] (jaza jina) * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:CentralAuth?target= Angalia michango ya watumiaji]* [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&offset=&limit=500&type=newusers&user=&page=&wpdate=&tagfilter=&wpfilters%5B0%5D=newusers Watumiaji wapya] |} ==Kumbukumbu ya miaka iliyopita== <small>'''Majadiliano ya awali yamehamishiwa hapa:''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Kumbukumbu hadi Julai 2008]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu Julai 2008 hadi Desemba 2009]]''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu Desemba 2009 hadi Desemba 2011]]''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2012 hadi 2013]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2014]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2015]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2016]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2017]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2018-2019]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2020-2021-VI]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Kumbukumbu 2021-VI - 2022-I]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2022 - 2025 I]] </small> ==Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili== Kwa wote wanaopenda kutafakari na kujadiliana nasi namna ya kuendeleza wikipedia hii ya Kiswahili wakabidhi walianzisha kundi la '''[[meta:Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]]'''. Unaweza kujiandikisha pale kama umehariri hapa kwa muda wa mwaka moja angalau. ==Jamii / Kategoria== Ndugu zangu, kuna mtu amebadili ujumbe wa kusano kutoka JAMII kwenda kategoria. Kwa sasa inaonekana juu lakini baadaye itachukua nafasi. Huu ni uharibifu wa tafsiri. Tazama hapa: https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:1000 Inabidi tudhibiti mapema tafsiri zijadiliwe na wasemaji wa Kiswahili badala ya kikundi cha wahuni wanaojiita wafasiri. == Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025: Invitation == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:UCDM 2025 general.png|180px|right]] {{int:please-translate}} Hello, dear Wikipedians!<br/> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the fifth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''14th April''' until '''16th May 2025'''. The campaign is dedicated to famous Ukrainian artists of cinema, music, literature, architecture, design, and cultural phenomena of Ukraine that are now part of world heritage. We accept contributions in every language! The most active contesters will receive prizes. If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest. <br/> We invite you to take part and help us improve the coverage of Ukrainian culture on Wikipedia in your language! Also, we plan to set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in such a challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) </div> 16:11, 16 Aprili 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Hide on Rosé@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&oldid=28552112 --> == Vote now on the revised UCoC Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> The voting period for the revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines ("UCoC EG") and the UCoC's Coordinating Committee Charter is open now through the end of 1 May (UTC) ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 find in your time zone]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/2025/Voter_information|Read the information on how to participate and read over the proposal before voting]] on the UCoC page on Meta-wiki. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review of the EG and Charter was planned and implemented by the U4C. Further information will be provided in the coming months about the review of the UCoC itself. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well. In cooperation with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 00:34, 17 Aprili 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28469465 --> == Sub-referencing: User testing == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Sub-referencing reuse visual.png|400px|right]] <small>''Apologies for writing in English, please help us by providing a translation below''</small> Hi I’m Johannes from [[:m:Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]]'s [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes team]]. We are making great strides with the new [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing feature]] and we’d love to invite you to take part in two activities to help us move this work further: #'''Try it out and share your feedback''' #:[[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing# Test the prototype|Please try]] the updated ''wikitext'' feature [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Sub-referencing on the beta wiki] and let us know what you think, either [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|on our talk page]] or by [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/talktotechwish booking a call] with our UX researcher. #'''Get a sneak peak and help shape the ''Visual Editor'' user designs''' #:Help us test the new design prototypes by participating in user sessions – [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/gxk0taud/apply sign up here to receive an invite]. We're especially hoping to speak with people from underrepresented and diverse groups. If that's you, please consider signing up! No prior or extensive editing experience is required. User sessions will start ''May 14th''. We plan to bring this feature to Wikimedia wikis later this year. We’ll reach out to wikis for piloting in time for deployments. Creators and maintainers of reference-related tools and templates will be contacted beforehand as well. Thank you very much for your support and encouragement so far in helping bring this feature to life! </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|talk]])</bdi> 15:03, 28 Aprili 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johannes_Richter_(WMDE)/Sub-referencing/massmessage_list&oldid=28628657 --> == Pigia kura mapendekezo ya marekebisho ya Miongozo ya Utekelezaji ya UCoC na Mkataba wa U4C == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Kipindi cha kupigia kura marekebisho ya Mkataba wa Utekelezaji wa Kanuni za Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili na U4C itafungwa tarehe 1 Mei 2025 saa 23:59 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 angalia kwa saa za eneo lako]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025/Voter information|Soma maelezo kuhusu jinsi ya kushiriki na kusoma pendekezo kabla ya kupiga kura]] kwenye ukurasa wa UCoC kwenye Meta-wiki. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili (U4C)]] ni kikundi cha kimataifa kinachojitolea kutoa utekelezaji sawa na thabiti wa UCoC. Tathmini hii ya kila mwaka ilipangwa na kutekelezwa na U4C. Kwa maelezo zaidi na majukumu ya U4C, unaweza [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|kuupitia Mkataba wa U4C]]. Tafadhali washirikishe ujumbe huu wanajumuiya wenzako katika lugha yako, kadri utakavyoona inavyofaa, ili waweze kushiriki pia. Kwa ushirikiano na U4C -- <section end="announcement-content" /> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 03:41, 29 Aprili 2025 (UTC)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == We will be enabling the new Charts extension on your wiki soon! == ''(Apologies for posting in English)'' Hi all! We have good news to share regarding the ongoing problem with graphs and charts affecting all wikis that use them. As you probably know, the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|old Graph extension]] was disabled in 2023 [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EWL4AGBEZEDMNNFTM4FRD4MHOU3CVESO/|due to security reasons]]. We’ve worked in these two years to find a solution that could replace the old extension, and provide a safer and better solution to users who wanted to showcase graphs and charts in their articles. We therefore developed the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Charts extension]], which will be replacing the old Graph extension and potentially also the [[:mw:Extension:EasyTimeline|EasyTimeline extension]]. After successfully deploying the extension on Italian, Swedish, and Hebrew Wikipedia, as well as on MediaWiki.org, as part of a pilot phase, we are now happy to announce that we are moving forward with the next phase of deployment, which will also include your wiki. The deployment will happen in batches, and will start from '''May 6'''. Please, consult [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project#Deployment Timeline|our page on MediaWiki.org]] to discover when the new Charts extension will be deployed on your wiki. You can also [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|consult the documentation]] about the extension on MediaWiki.org. If you have questions, need clarifications, or just want to express your opinion about it, please refer to the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension_talk:Chart/Project|project’s talk page on Mediawiki.org]], or ping me directly under this thread. If you encounter issues using Charts once it gets enabled on your wiki, please report it on the [[:mw:Extension_talk:Chart/Project|talk page]] or at [[phab:tag/charts|Phabricator]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:07, 6 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=28663781 --> == Vandalism == I suppose the two pictures in the text [[Adidas]] are simple vandalism and do not make sence in the text. But not being active in this wikipedia, I don't know how to attract more attention to the doubtful edit of march 2023. :Nadhani picha mbili katika maandishi [[Adidas]] ni uharibifu rahisi na hazina maana katika maandishi. Lakini kutokuwa hai katika wikipedia hii, sijui jinsi ya kuvutia umakini zaidi kwa uhariri wa shaka wa Machi 2023. --'''[[Mtumiaji:ThomasPusch|ThomasPusch]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ThomasPusch|majadiliano]])''' 12:06, 12 Mei 2025 (UTC) :It has been fixed! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 12:20, 12 Mei 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Call for Candidates for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> The results of voting on the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter is [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025#Results|available on Meta-wiki]]. You may now [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025/Candidates|submit your candidacy to serve on the U4C]] through 29 May 2025 at 12:00 UTC. Information about [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|eligibility, process, and the timeline are on Meta-wiki]]. Voting on candidates will open on 1 June 2025 and run for two weeks, closing on 15 June 2025 at 12:00 UTC. If you have any questions, you can ask on [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|the discussion page for the election]]. -- in cooperation with the U4C, </div><section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|majadiliano]])</bdi> 22:07, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == Changes to the way some users are granted the right to see temporary account IP addresses == Hello! This is the [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety_Product|Trust and Safety Product]] team. We would like to share that we have decided to change the requirements for access to temporary account IP addresses. '''The impact on your community will be minimal'''. We are planning on implementing the change in the week of May 26 ([[phab:T393358|T393358]] + [[phab:T393360|T393360]] + [[phab:T390942|T390942]]). I will keep you updated about the details. We are only changing the rules for users who do not have extended rights (e.g. admins, bureaucrats, checkusers – [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Wikimedia_Access_to_Temporary_Account_IP_Addresses_Policy#requirements-for-access|see the policy for more examples]]) but their account is a minimum of 6 months old, and who have made a minimum of 300 edits on this wiki. They will lose access to IP addresses ([[phab:T393360|T393360]]), and to have it back, '''they will need to apply for the right. Admins or stewards will decide whether to grant it''' ([[phab:T390942|T390942]]). This will entail human manual work, but this method will be safer than if we continued to grant the rights automatically. We want to emphasize that there has been no user who wouldn't have extended rights to ever reveal a temporary account's IP addresses on your wiki. We made this decision based on what we heard from you, piloting wikis, particularly Romanian Wikipedians. We also consulted on options with Stewards, and had discussions on Meta-Wiki and about 20 Wikipedias with large communities. When we deploy temporary accounts to more wikis, we will evaluate the impact and may adjust our approach again. In addition, we'd like you to know that requirements for access to the [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety_Product/IP_Info|IP Info]] feature will be identical with the ones for access to the temporary accounts' IP addresses (a user will either have full information or none). '''The rationale for the change''' We chose the current numerical thresholds and automatic granting before deploying temporary accounts on any wiki. However, it’s become clear to us that these requirements are quite low and it is still too easy for bad-faith actors to gain access to temporary account IP addresses. We want temporary accounts to meaningfully improve editor privacy, so we need to be more restrictive. Our goal is to more consistently limit IP address access to only those who need it. '''How will this work''' * When a user without extended rights needs to view temporary account IP addresses, they will need to file a request for being added to the "Temporary account IP viewers" group. They will file the request to admins (the local communities will be able to decide what that process will be) or stewards (for wikis without local admins). * The software will require that the user has at least 300 edits and the account since at least 6 months. Admins and stewards will not be able to grant temporary account IP access to accounts that do not meet that criteria. This is a minimum, and we encourage you to enforce higher thresholds. * The user reviewing the request will check if the user applying for the right meets requirements and that they have provided a valid justification. The right itself will be granted through Special:UserRights. * Users who grant requests for the right will also handle removal of the right. We would also like to clarify some details. For your convenience, we will also document some of it in [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/FAQ|the project FAQ]]. {{hidden|Access to IP addresses|bg1=background-color:#eee;|2 = * '''Separation of the new right''' (checkuser-temporary-account) out to a new group ([[metawiki:Meta:Temporary_account_IP_viewer|Temporary account IP viewers]]), as opposed to technically attaching it to any [[Special:ListGroupRights|existing group]] (like patroller). We have decided to do this for a few reasons: ** '''Having access to IP addresses carries risk'''. This right is similar to checkuser. IP addresses are considered personally identifiable information (a kind of [[:en:personal data|personal data]]). Outside actors who want to access IP addresses will now need to interact with users who have this right. Users with this right should be aware of this, and alert to the possibility of suspicious access requests. ** '''Good practices for privacy protection'''. Giving access to users who are trusted but do not need access to carry on their work is not in line with good practices for processing personal data. ** '''Removal of right'''. Access to IPs will be [[phab:T325658|logged]] ([https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Log?type=checkuser-temporary-account example]). If any misuse of this right is detected, it can be taken away separately from any other permissions the user may hold. It would be difficult and sometimes also unreasonable to remove the rights unrelated to access to IP addresses. ** You may grant the new right to all users belonging to a certain existing group individually. These users must meet the criteria for Temporary account IP viewers, though. ** For clarity – all this does not affect administrators, bureaucrats, checkusers, stewards, and other groups mentioned in the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|global policy]]. * '''Activity requirement'''. With regards to users who would need to be granted access manually, the policy says that they "must edit or take a logged action to the local project at least once within a 365-day period". This requirement is not changing. }} {{hidden|Process of granting the right|bg1=background-color:#eee;|2 = * '''Formality of granting the right'''. There is no need for discussions or votes like Request for Adminship. It does suffice if a single admin makes a decision using their own judgement. * '''Additional requirements for the users applying for the right'''. ** You have autonomy over the process for granting the right. You can adopt thresholds higher than 300 edits, or disallow the "non-admin+" users to have the right. The granting process can be as basic or elaborate as you deem appropriate. ** Which criteria admins should take when deciding whether to grant the right – how to tell whether a user needs access to IP addresses? There are no mandatory requirements beyond a minimum of 300 edits and a 6 month old account. You may introduce additional criteria related to trust to the user (such as no prior blocks or copyright violations) or experience in patrolling activities. * '''Additional burden on administrators'''. We understand the toil of having to grant and remove an additional right. This is indeed a downside. We think that it will only have to be a one-time effort to grant this right to a larger number of people. We are curious if you can find ways to limit this burden. }} '''Next steps on your side we would like to suggest''' * We are encouraging you to consider '''adopting a policy''' on granting and removing the right, if you think you need to add anything to the global policy. * We are encouraging you to '''start granting the right'''. Considering our data (up to a few non-functionaries have ever revealed temporary account IP addresses here), we believe you don't need to rush or spend a lot of time preparing for this before the change comes into force, though. * We would like to show you what level of wiki-bureaucracy seems sufficient from our point of view. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=28667152 In the sandbox], we have created a draft of what a page with requests for the flag could look like. Of course the final content of the page will depend on your community. We do not want to imply that we are instructing you on this matter. Let us know if you have any questions. Thank you! [[metawiki:User:NKohli_(WMF)|NKohli (WMF)]] and '''[[Mtumiaji:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 02:27, 16 Mei 2025 (UTC) == RfC ongoing regarding Abstract Wikipedia (and your project) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''(Apologies for posting in English, if this is not your first language)'' Hello all! We opened a discussion on Meta about a very delicate issue for the development of [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia]]: where to store the abstract content that will be developed through functions from Wikifunctions and data from Wikidata. Since some of the hypothesis involve your project, we wanted to hear your thoughts too. We want to make the decision process clear: we do not yet know which option we want to use, which is why we are consulting here. We will take the arguments from the Wikimedia communities into account, and we want to consult with the different communities and hear arguments that will help us with the decision. The decision will be made and communicated after the consultation period by the Foundation. You can read the various hypothesis and have your say at [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content|Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 15:27, 22 Mei 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=28768453 --> == Uchaguzi wa Bodi ya Wadhamini ya Wikimedia Foundation mwaka 2025 na Wito wa Maswali == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Wapendwa wote, Mwaka huu, Muda wa Wadhamini 2 (wawili) waliochaguliwa na jumuiya na Washirika kwenye Bodi ya Wadhamini ya Shirika la Wikimedia Foundation utakamilika [1]. Bodi inakaribisha harakati nzima kushiriki katika mchakato wa uteuzi wa mwaka huu na kupiga kura kujaza viti hivyo. Kamati ya Uchaguzi inasimamia mchakato huu kwa msaada kutoka kwa wafanyakazi wa Shirika [2]. Kamati ya Utawala inayoundwa na wadhamini ambao si wagombea katika mchakato wa uteuzi wa wadhamini waliochaguliwa na jumuiya na washirika wa mwaka 2025 (Raju Narisetti, Shani Evenstein Sigalov, Lorenzo Losa, Kathy Collins, Victoria Doronina na Esra’a Al Shafei) [3], ina jukumu la kutoa usimamizi wa Bodi ya wadhamini kwa ajili ya kuweka taarifa kwa Bodi ya wadhamini. Maelezo zaidi kuhusu majukumu ya Kamati ya Uchaguzi, Bodi, na wafanyakazi yako hapa [4]. Hapa kuna tarehe kuu zilizopangwa: * Mei 22 – Juni 5: Tangazo (mawasiliano hayo) na mwito wa kipindi cha maswali * Juni 17 – Julai 1, 2025: Wito wa wagombea * Julai 2025: Ikihitajika, washirika hupigia kura wagombea waliopo kwenye orodha fupi ikiwa 10 au zaidi wataomba [5] * Agosti 2025: Kipindi cha kampeni * Agosti – Septemba 2025: Kipindi cha wiki mbili cha kupiga kura kwa jumuiya * Oktoba – Novemba 2025: Ukaguzi wa usuli wa watahiniwa waliochaguliwa * Mkutano wa Bodi mnamo Decemba 2025: Wadhamini wapya wamekaa kwenye kiti Jifunze zaidi kuhusu uchaguzi wa 2025 - ikiwa ni pamoja na ratiba ya kina ya matukio, mchakato wa kugombea, sheria za kampeni na vigezo vya kustahiki kwa mpiga kura - kwenye ukurasa huu wa Meta-wiki [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025|[kiungo]]]. '''Wito wa Maswali''' Katika kila mchakato wa uchaguzi, jumuiya ina fursa ya kuwasilisha maswali kwa wagombea wa Bodi ya Wadhamini kujibu. Kamati ya Uchaguzi huchagua maswali kutoka kwenye orodha iliyoandaliwa na jumuiya ili wagombea wajibu. Wagombea lazima wajibu maswali yote yanayohitajika katika maombi ili kustahiki; vinginevyo maombi yao yatakataliwa. Mwaka huu, Kamati ya Uchaguzi itachagua maswali 5 kwa wagombea kujibu. Maswali yaliyochaguliwa yanaweza kuwa mchanganyiko wa yale yaliyowasilishwa kutoka kwa jumuiya, ikiwa yanafanana au yanahusiana. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates|[kiungo]]] '''Watu wa kujitolea katika uchaguzi''' Njia nyingine ya kuhusika katika mchakato wa uchaguzi wa mwaka 2025 ni kuwa Mtu wa Kujitolea katika Uchaguzi. Watu wa Kujitolea katika Uchaguzi ni daraja kati ya Kamati ya Uchaguzi na jumuiya zao. Wanasaidia kuhakikisha jumuiya inawakilishwa na kuwahamasisha kupiga kura. Jifunze zaidi kuhusu mpango na jinsi ya kujiunga kwenye ukurasa huu wa Meta-wiki [[m:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Election_volunteers|[kiungo]]]. Asante! [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Results [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Committee:Elections_Committee_Charter [3] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resolution:Committee_Membership,_December_2024 [4] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Roles [5] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/FAQ [6] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates Salamu sana, Victoria Doronina Uhusiano wa Bodi na Kamati ya Uchaguzi Kamati ya Utawala<section end="announcement-content" /> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 03:08, 28 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == U4C case - conclusion == Hello Swahili community, <br /> first of all I would like to apologize for writing in English, an automatic translation in Swahili will follow but we are aware that automatic translations in your language are not very good so we will need your help to make sure that the text is understandable. On 21 December 2024 a request to U4C was filed here: [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Cases/Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia]]. Some deadlines were extended and we are aware that it took us a long time to conclude the case. I will report our conclusion below in English and with translation in Swahili. I will add also a translation in Italian which is a language one of your most active users (sysop and bureaucrat) is familiar with. Please contact the committee for any clarification needed. As a coordinating committee we would also like to offer our support if you need help with the requested actions. === U4C Motion === (The original text with votes is here: [[:m:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Cases/Sysop_abuse_in_Swahili_Wikipedia#Motions]]) According to UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), Swahili is among the 10 most widely spoken languages in the world, with more than 200 million speakers and it is one of the ''lingua franca'' in many countries within East, Central and Southern Africa as well as in the Middle East. According to Wikipedia ([[:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), Swahili is one of the national languages in Tanzania, Kenya, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Burundi, Uganda, it is an official language of Rwanda, in some areas of Somalia and is spoken in other areas in the African Great Lakes region and East and Southern Africa. With the exception of Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda, in all the countries where Swahili is national language, homosexuality is not only illegal (in some cases - Uganda - with death penalty as punishment) but apparent "promotion" of homosexuality is also severely punished. More about this in following links: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C requested a legal opinion to assess what risks editors and administrators residing in those countries could face in editing or restoring content which may be considered to "promote" homosexuality even if for Wikimedian (or Western) standards that content would not be considered promotional but only neutral or descriptive. The U4C's priorities in this case are: *Protect local users, especially advanced right holders who could be misinterpreted as "responsible" for the content of a project *Protect all the readers and their right to have neutral and informative content '''U4C Actions''' # Recommend that the Swahili Wikipedia community work on a guideline about Neutral Point of View (Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) and a guideline about reliable sources (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). The U4C will review progress in 6 months.<br /> # Recommend that the community seek local expertise on how it is permissible to educate a reader about topics related to LGBTQ issues without violating laws in Swahili-speaking countries and at the same time avoiding discrimination (as per the UCoC). Use this information to support NPOV on these topics. # Recommend that the community start discussing on dealing with local appeals and creating a procedure for this compliant with the [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines]]. # Recommend that the community define a list of pages or "contentious topics" (starting from LGBTQ topics) where, once created, the above mentioned policies are particularly used/applied more strictly. At the same time: *Administrators on Swahili Wikipedia (swwiki) are topic banned from LGBTQ related pages, with admin actions related to content and conduct moderation delegated to Stewards and Global sysops (any interventions can be requested on Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] or [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Here is a non-exhaustive list of pages that are covered: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Homosexuality, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Same sex marriage, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Once the recommended measures as described above are set up, swwiki admins may appeal to the topic ban. === Translation in Swahili === ''This is an automatic translation, please kindly fix mistakes or parts which need clarification.'' Kulingana na UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), Kiswahili ni miongoni mwa lugha 10 zinazozungumzwa na watu wengi zaidi duniani, ikiwa na wazungumzaji zaidi ya milioni 200 na ni mojawapo ya ''lingua franca'' katika nchi nyingi za Mashariki, Kati na Kusini mwa Afrika na pia Mashariki ya Kati. Kwa mujibu wa Wikipedia ([[:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), Kiswahili ni mojawapo ya lugha za kitaifa nchini Tanzania, Kenya, Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo, Burundi, Uganda, ni lugha rasmi ya Rwanda, katika baadhi ya maeneo ya Somalia na inazungumzwa katika maeneo mengine katika eneo la Maziwa Makuu ya Afrika na Afrika Mashariki na Kusini. Isipokuwa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo na Rwanda, katika nchi zote ambako Kiswahili ni lugha ya taifa, ushoga sio tu ni kinyume cha sheria (katika baadhi ya matukio - Uganda - na adhabu ya kifo kama adhabu) lakini "kukuza" kwa ushoga pia kunaadhibiwa vikali. Zaidi kuhusu hili katika viungo vifuatavyo: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C iliomba maoni ya kisheria ili kutathmini hatari ambazo wahariri na wasimamizi wanaoishi katika nchi hizo wanaweza kukabiliana nazo katika kuhariri au kurejesha maudhui ambayo yanaweza kuchukuliwa kuwa "kukuza" ushoga hata kama kwa viwango vya Wikimedian (au Magharibi) maudhui hayo hayatachukuliwa kuwa ya utangazaji bali yasiyoegemea upande wowote au maelezo. Vipaumbele vya U4C katika kesi hii ni: *Linda watumiaji wa ndani, haswa wamiliki wa haki wa hali ya juu ambao wanaweza kutafsiriwa vibaya kama "wajibiki" kwa maudhui ya mradi. *Linda wasomaji wote na haki yao ya kuwa na maudhui yasiyoegemea upande wowote na yenye taarifa '''Vitendo vya U4C''' # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya ya Wikipedia ya Kiswahili ifanyie kazi mwongozo kuhusu Mtazamo wa Kuegemea (Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) na mwongozo kuhusu vyanzo vya kuaminika (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). U4C itakagua maendeleo baada ya miezi 6.<br /> # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya itafute utaalamu wa ndani kuhusu jinsi inavyoruhusiwa kuelimisha msomaji kuhusu mada zinazohusiana na masuala ya LGBTQ bila kukiuka sheria katika nchi zinazozungumza Kiswahili na wakati huo huo kuepuka ubaguzi (kulingana na UCoC). Tumia habari hii kusaidia NPOV kwenye mada hizi. # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya ianze kujadiliana kuhusu kushughulikia rufaa za eneo lako na kuunda utaratibu wa kutii [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines|Mwongozo wa Utekelezaji]]. # Pendekeza kwamba jumuia ifafanue orodha ya kurasa au "mada zinazogombana" (kuanzia mada za LGBTQ) ambapo, mara tu zikiundwa, sera zilizotajwa hapo juu hutumiwa/hutumiwa kwa ukali zaidi. Wakati huo huo: *Wasimamizi kwenye Wikipedia ya Kiswahili (swwiki) wamepigwa marufuku kwenye kurasa zinazohusiana na LGBTQ, huku vitendo vya wasimamizi vinavyohusiana na udhibiti wa maudhui na maadili vimekabidhiwa kwa Stewards na Global sysops (afua zozote zinaweza kuombwa kwenye Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] au [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Hapa kuna orodha isiyo kamili ya kurasa ambazo zimefunikwa: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Ushoga, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Ndoa ya jinsia moja, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Baada ya hatua zilizopendekezwa kama ilivyoelezwa hapo juu kusanidiwa, wasimamizi wa swwiki wanaweza kukata rufaa dhidi ya marufuku ya mada. {{hidden | style = border: 1px black; width: 100%; | headerstyle = background:#f5f5f5 | contentstyle = | header = Translation in Italian/Tafsiri katika Kiitaliano | content = Secondo l'UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), lo Swahili è tra le 10 lingue più parlate al mondo con oltre 200 milioni di persone che lo parlano ed è una "lingue franche" in diversi paese dell'Africa orientale, centrale e meridionale nonché nel Medio-Oriente. Secondo Wikipedia ([[:en:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), lo Swahili è una delle lingue nazionali in Tanzania, Kenya, Repubblica Democratica del Congo, Burundi, Uganda, è lingua ufficiale in Ruanda, in alcune aree della Somalia ed è abitualmente usato in altre aree della regione dei Grandi Laghi e dell'Africa Orientale e meridionale. Con l'eccezione della Repubblica Democratica del Congo e del Ruanda, in tutti i paese in cui lo Swahili è lingua nazionale, l'omosessualità non è solo illegale (in alcuni casi, come l'Uganda, è punita con la pena di morte) ma anche l'apparente promozione dell'omosessualità è severamente punita. Maggiori informazioni nei seguenti link: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C ha richiesto un parere legale per individuare quali rischi corrano i volontari e amministratori residenti in questi paese nell'effettuare modifiche o ripristinare contenuti che possono essere considerati promozionali dell'omosessualità anche se per standard Wikimediani (o del mondo occidentale) non sono considerati promozionali ma solo descrittivi o neutrali. Nel trattare questo caso le priorità dello U4C sono: *Tutelare gli utenti locali, specialmente coloro con diritti addizionali che possono essere erroneamente considerati come "responsabili" dei contenuti di un progetto *Tutelare i lettori e il loro diritto ad avere informazioni e contenuti neutrali '''In considerazione di ciò U4C''' # Raccomanda che la comunità della Wikipedia in Swahili lavori sulla creazione di linee guida sul punto di vista neutrale (Neutral Point of View - Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) e su una linea guida dedicata alle fonti attendibili e al loro uso (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). U4C verificherà i progressi fra 6 mesi.<br /> # Raccomanda che la comunità ricerchi informazioni o consulenza locale su come fornire contenuti informativi sui temi collegati a LGBTQ senza violare leggi nei paesi di lingua Swahili ma allo stesso tempo senza discriminare (ai sensi di UCoC). Le informazioni ottenute andranno a supporto della linea guida sul punto di vista neutrale sull'argomento. # Raccomanda che la comunità inizi una discussione sulla gestione locale degli appelli ai blocchi e su una procedura degli stessi conforme alle linee guida sull'applicazione del codice di condotta [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines]]. # Raccomanda che la comunità definisca una lista di pagine di "argomenti controversi" (partendo dal tema LGBTQ) dove, una volta create le linee guida del punto 1, queste vengano usate e applicate con particolare rigore. Allo stesso tempo: *Gli amministratori della Wikipedia in Swahili hanno un topic ban (blocco selettivo su tema specifico) dalle pagine riguardanti tematiche LGBTQ, gli interventi amministrativi legati alla moderazione di condotta e contenuto sono delegate agli Steward e ai Global sysop (gli interventi possono essere richiesti nelle pagine su Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] oppure [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Di seguito una lista non esasustiva delle pagine coinvolte: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Homosexuality, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Same sex marriage, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Una volta che i rimedi raccomandati descritti nei punti più sopra sono stati attuati gli amministratori di swwiki possono richiedere la rimozione del topic ban. }} On behalf of U4C, '''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 13:23, 31 Mei 2025 (UTC) == Vote now in the 2025 U4C Election == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{Int:Please-translate}} Eligible voters are asked to participate in the 2025 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] election. More information–including an eligibility check, voting process information, candidate information, and a link to the vote–are available on Meta at the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2025|2025 Election information page]]. The vote closes on 17 June 2025 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1750161600 12:00 UTC]. Please vote if your account is eligible. Results will be available by 1 July 2025. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 23:01, 13 Juni 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28848819 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2025 - Call for Candidates</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div> Hello all, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|call for candidates for the 2025 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees selection is now open]] from June 17, 2025 – July 2, 2025 at 11:59 UTC [1]. The Board of Trustees oversees the Wikimedia Foundation's work, and each Trustee serves a three-year term [2]. This is a volunteer position. This year, the Wikimedia community will vote in late August through September 2025 to fill two (2) seats on the Foundation Board. Could you – or someone you know – be a good fit to join the Wikimedia Foundation's Board of Trustees? [3] Learn more about what it takes to stand for these leadership positions and how to submit your candidacy on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidate application|this Meta-wiki page]] or encourage someone else to run in this year's election. Best regards, Abhishek Suryawanshi<br /> Chair of the Elections Committee On behalf of the Elections Committee and Governance Committee [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Call_for_candidates [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Bylaws#(B)_Term. [3] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Resources_for_candidates<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 17:44, 17 Juni 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28866958 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Sister Projects Task Force reviews Wikispore and Wikinews</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="message"/> Dear Wikimedia Community, The [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs Committee (CAC)]] of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees assigned [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Sister Projects Task Force|the Sister Projects Task Force (SPTF)]] to update and implement a procedure for assessing the lifecycle of Sister Projects – wiki [[m:Wikimedia projects|projects supported by Wikimedia Foundation (WMF)]]. A vision of relevant, accessible, and impactful free knowledge has always guided the Wikimedia Movement. As the ecosystem of Wikimedia projects continues to evolve, it is crucial that we periodically review existing projects to ensure they still align with our goals and community capacity. Despite their noble intent, some projects may no longer effectively serve their original purpose. '''Reviewing such projects is not about giving up – it's about responsible stewardship of shared resources'''. Volunteer time, staff support, infrastructure, and community attention are finite, and the non-technical costs tend to grow significantly as our ecosystem has entered a different age of the internet than the one we were founded in. Supporting inactive projects or projects that didn't meet our ambitions can unintentionally divert these resources from areas with more potential impact. Moreover, maintaining projects that no longer reflect the quality and reliability of the Wikimedia name stands for, involves a reputational risk. An abandoned or less reliable project affects trust in the Wikimedia movement. Lastly, '''failing to sunset or reimagine projects that are no longer working can make it much harder to start new ones'''. When the community feels bound to every past decision – no matter how outdated – we risk stagnation. A healthy ecosystem must allow for evolution, adaptation, and, when necessary, letting go. If we create the expectation that every project must exist indefinitely, we limit our ability to experiment and innovate. Because of this, SPTF reviewed two requests concerning the lifecycle of the Sister Projects to work through and demonstrate the review process. We chose Wikispore as a case study for a possible new Sister Project opening and Wikinews as a case study for a review of an existing project. Preliminary findings were discussed with the CAC, and a community consultation on both proposals was recommended. === Wikispore === The [[m:Wikispore|application to consider Wikispore]] was submitted in 2019. SPTF decided to review this request in more depth because rather than being concentrated on a specific topic, as most of the proposals for the new Sister Projects are, Wikispore has the potential to nurture multiple start-up Sister Projects. After careful consideration, the SPTF has decided '''not to recommend''' Wikispore as a Wikimedia Sister Project. Considering the current activity level, the current arrangement allows '''better flexibility''' and experimentation while WMF provides core infrastructural support. We acknowledge the initiative's potential and seek community input on what would constitute a sufficient level of activity and engagement to reconsider its status in the future. As part of the process, we shared the decision with the Wikispore community and invited one of its leaders, Pharos, to an SPTF meeting. Currently, we especially invite feedback on measurable criteria indicating the project's readiness, such as contributor numbers, content volume, and sustained community support. This would clarify the criteria sufficient for opening a new Sister Project, including possible future Wikispore re-application. However, the numbers will always be a guide because any number can be gamed. === Wikinews === We chose to review Wikinews among existing Sister Projects because it is the one for which we have observed the highest level of concern in multiple ways. Since the SPTF was convened in 2023, its members have asked for the community's opinions during conferences and community calls about Sister Projects that did not fulfil their promise in the Wikimedia movement.[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WCNA_2024._Sister_Projects_-_opening%3F_closing%3F_merging%3F_splitting%3F.pdf <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Community_Affairs_Committee/Sister_Projects_Task_Force#Wikimania_2023_session_%22Sister_Projects:_past,_present_and_the_glorious_future%22 <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F <nowiki>[3]</nowiki>] Wikinews was the leading candidate for an evaluation because people from multiple language communities proposed it. Additionally, by most measures, it is the least active Sister Project, with the greatest drop in activity over the years. While the Language Committee routinely opens and closes language versions of the Sister Projects in small languages, there has never been a valid proposal to close Wikipedia in major languages or any project in English. This is not true for Wikinews, where there was a proposal to close English Wikinews, which gained some traction but did not result in any action[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Proposals_for_closing_projects/Closure_of_English_Wikinews <nowiki>[4]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F <nowiki>[5]</nowiki>, see section 5] as well as a draft proposal to close all languages of Wikinews[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:Proposals_for_closing_projects/Archive_2#Close_Wikinews_completely,_all_languages? <nowiki>[6]</nowiki>]. [[:c:File:Sister Projects Taskforce Wikinews review 2024.pdf|Initial metrics]] compiled by WMF staff also support the community's concerns about Wikinews. Based on this report, SPTF recommends a community reevaluation of Wikinews. We conclude that its current structure and activity levels are the lowest among the existing sister projects. SPTF also recommends pausing the opening of new language editions while the consultation runs. SPTF brings this analysis to a discussion and welcomes discussions of alternative outcomes, including potential restructuring efforts or integration with other Wikimedia initiatives. '''Options''' mentioned so far (which might be applied to just low-activity languages or all languages) include but are not limited to: *Restructure how Wikinews works and is linked to other current events efforts on the projects, *Merge the content of Wikinews into the relevant language Wikipedias, possibly in a new namespace, *Merge content into compatibly licensed external projects, *Archive Wikinews projects. Your insights and perspectives are invaluable in shaping the future of these projects. We encourage all interested community members to share their thoughts on the relevant discussion pages or through other designated feedback channels. === Feedback and next steps === We'd be grateful if you want to take part in a conversation on the future of these projects and the review process. We are setting up two different project pages: [[m:Public consultation about Wikispore|Public consultation about Wikispore]] and [[m:Public consultation about Wikinews|Public consultation about Wikinews]]. Please participate between 27 June 2025 and 27 July 2025, after which we will summarize the discussion to move forward. You can write in your own language. I will also host a community conversation 16th July Wednesday 11.00 UTC and 17th July Thursday 17.00 UTC (call links to follow shortly) and will be around at Wikimania for more discussions. <section end="message"/> </div> -- [[User:Victoria|Victoria]] on behalf of the Sister Project Task Force, 20:57, 27 Juni 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Sister_project_MassMassage_on_behalf_of_Victoria/Target_list&oldid=28911188 --> == Wikidata Item and Property labels soon displayed in Wiki Watchlist/Recent Changes == ''(Apologies for posting in English, you can help by translating into your language)'' Hello everyone, the [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects]] team is excited to announce an upcoming change in how Wikidata edit changelogs are displayed in your [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlists]] and [[Special:RecentChanges|Recent Changes]] lists. If an edit is made on Wikidata that affects a page in another Wikimedia Project, the changelog will contain some information about the nature of the edit. This can include a QID (or Q-number), a PID (or P-number) and a value (which can be text, numbers, dates, or also QID or PID’s). Confused by these terms? See the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Glossary|Wikidata:Glossary]] for further explanations. The upcoming change is scheduled for '''17.07.2025''', between '''1300 - 1500 UTC'''. The change will display the label (item name) alongside any QID or PIDs, as seen in the image below: [[File:Apr10 edit summary on Wikidata.png|An edit sum entry on Wikidata, labels display alongside their P- and Q-no.'s]] These changes will only be visible if you have Wikidata edits enabled in your User Preferences for Watchlists and Recent Changes, or have the active filter ‘Wikidata edits’ checkbox toggled on, directly on the Watchlist and Recent Changes pages. Your bot and gadget may be affected! There are thousands of bots, gadgets and user-scripts and whilst we have researched potential effects to many of them, we cannot guarantee there won’t be some that are broken or affected by this change. Further information and context about this change, including how your bot may be affected can be found on this [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|project task page]]. We welcome your questions and feedback, please write to us on this dedicated [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Talk page]]. Thank you, - [[m:User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] on behalf of the Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects Team. '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 12:46, 14 Julai 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_Test_List&oldid=28981877 --> == Boti ya kukaribisha ya [[user:AmmarBot|Ammar]] == Ndugu zangu wanaWikipedia. Hivi karibuni, nikiwa huko jijini Nairobi, nilikutana na Ammar. Kijana wa Kihausa kutoka nchini Nigeria. Katika maongezi yetu, tukafikia hatua ya kuzungumzia boti za kukaribisha watu. Kijana huyu alikubali kutumia muda wake mchache kuunda boti ya kukaribisha watu. Hivyo basi kila kibarua cha karibu kila wakati kimetuishia. Tafadhalini msipoteza muda wenu kukaribisha watu. Boti itafanya kazi. Tazameni: [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum%3AMichango&target=AmmarBot&namespace=all&tagfilter=&start=&end=&limit=50 Hapa] [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 13:45, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :Hii nzuri! '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 15:02, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) ::Ila BOT atachukua muda gani tangu mgeni kajiunga hadi atakapokaribishwa? '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 15:02, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Introducing Paste Check: a new Edit Check for Wikipedia == Hello! Sorry for using English language. {{int:please-translate}}. {{int:Thank-you}} Paste Check is a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|Edit Check]] feature to help avoid and fight copyright violations. When editors paste text into an article, Paste Check can prompt them to confirm the origin and licensing of the content. '''Why Paste Check?''' Paste Check benefits two audiences: * Newcomers: Many new editors are unaware of Wikipedia’s policies regarding copyright violations. Some mistakenly believe that pasting from what they consider reliable sources is the way to edit. * Experienced editors: Paste Check aims to make it easier to identify and patrol edits that may contain pasted content (which can be either legit or copyright violations), helping us save time. The goal is to reduce the rate of copyright violations by at least 10% among newer editors. '''How it works''' By default, Paste Check will be shown to editors who have published 100 or fewer edits locally. When an editor matching this requirement pastes at least 50 characters of text from somewhere else, Paste Check will ask them to confirm if they wrote the content. Two options are then available: * Keep the text – the user is then asked to explain why. * Remove the text – the text is removed. In both cases, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tags|edits will be tagged]] so that experienced editors can identify edits in which Paste Check was shown. The tag will be visible even if the final edit didn’t include any pasted text. Paste Check will trigger when text is pasted a source it doesn’t recognize as another editing environment. It won’t show up if the editor has pasted text that we can technically recognize is coming from another MediaWiki visual editor instance, MS Office, Libre Office, Google Docs, or is plain text. To start, Paste Check will only work in the visual editor. '''Get involved''' The Editing team is seeking input on the proposed user experience and configuration. We plan to test the following interface with new users ([https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&showMessage=editcheck-dialog-addref-reject-question&group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw-editcheck&language=&filter=&optional=1&action=translate please help translating it]):   [[File:Paste_Check_interface_for_September_2025's_test.png|575x575px]] We're planning to refine this interface over time, but want to start by launching a test so that we can determine whether the check is useful. We presented this interface to people who don't participate in Wikipedia, and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Paste Check#Qualitative evaluation|they found it practical and easy to understand]]. As a consequence, we would like to start by showing the feature to a fraction of newcomers for approximately 6 weeks. After this point, we will review the experiment results and decide what to do next. '''Configuration and test''' For experienced users, Paste Check will be configurable by the local communities (e.g. edit count thresholds, ignored sections and namespaces). Edits triggering Paste Check will be marked with the tag <code>editcheck-paste-shown</code> for easier tracking. You can try the proposed Paste Check interface: * visit https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/w/index.php?title=Cats&veaction=edit&ecenable=2 * Paste 50 characters or more from an external source, such as a website, to see the prompt. Your feedback is valuable! Please share your thoughts below, and ping me. {{int:Thank-you}} [[user:Trizek_(WMF)|Trizek_(WMF)]] 13:47, 18 Septemba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Trizek_(WMF)/sandbox/temp_MassMessage_list&oldid=29293687 --> :This test is planned to start on this Wednesday, 8 October. Let me know if you have any question! '''[[Mtumiaji:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Trizek (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 15:31, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Hivi karibuni Wiki yenu itakuwa kwenye mfumo wa kutoharirika. == <section begin="server-switch"/><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Soma ujumbe huu kupitia lugha nyingine]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] [[foundation:|Shirika la Wikimedia]] litafanya mbadilishano wa taarifa baina ya vituo vyake vya data. Hii itahakikisha kuwa Wikipedia na Wiki nyingine za Wikimedia zinabaki mtandaoni hata likitokea janga. Mbadilishano wa taarifa utafanyika: '''{{#time:j xg|2025-09-24|sw}}'''. Mbadilishano utaanza $muda huu: Inasikitisha kwamba, kutokana na vipingamizi kwenye [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], uhariri wa kila namna itabidi usitishwe wakati wa mbadilishano. Tunaomba radhi kwa mvurugiko huo, na tunafanya juhudi kupunguza kutokea kwa adha kama hiyo siku za ver. Bango litaanikizwa kwenye Wiki zote dakika 30 kabla ya kuanza kwa mchakato. Bango litabaki likionekana mpaka operesheni itapofikia mwisho. <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">You can contribute to the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=Centralnotice-tgroup-read_only_banner&task=view&language=&filter=&action=translate translation or proofreading] of this banner text.</span> '''Mtaweza kusoma, lakini si kuhariri, kwenye Wiki zote, kwa kipindi kifupi.''' *Hutoweza kuhariri kwa takriban saa moja {{#time:l j xg Y|2025-09-24|sw}}. *Ukijaribu kuhariri na kuhifadhi kwenye nyakati his, utaona ujumbe kukujulisha kuwa umekosea. Tunanatumaini kuwa hakuna maharirio yatakayopotea kwenye dakika hizo, lakini hatuwezi kuahidi. Ukiona ujumbe unaokuarifu kuwa unakosea, basi tafadhali subiri hadi iwe ya kawaida. Baadae utaweza kuhifadhi kuhifadhi maharirio yako. Kakini, tunashauri uweke kwanza nakala ya mabadiliko uliyofanya, kwa tahadhari tu. ''Athari nyingine '' *Shughuli za nyuma ya pazia zitakuwa za taratibu sana, na nyingine zinaweza kuachwa. Viungo vyekundu vinaweza vikasasishwa polepole kuliko kawaida. Ukianzisha makala makala ambayo tayari imeunganishwa na sehemu nyingine, kiungo kitabaki chekundu kwa muda mrefu kuliko kawaida. Baadhi ya maandishi ya muda mrefu italazimika kuyasimamisha. * Tunatarajia utekelezaji wa kimsimbo utafanyika kama kwenye wiki [juma] zingine. Hata hivyo, kuzuiwa Kwa baadhi ya misimbo itayoainishwa, kunaweza kutokea bila kuchelewa kama operesheni itahitaji baadae. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|Gitlab]] haitopatikana kwa kiasi cha dakika 90. Mradi huu unaweza kuahirishwa panapo ulazima. Unaweza [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|kusoma ratiba hiyo kwenye wikitech. wikimedia.org]]. Mabadiliko yoyote yatatangazwa kwenye mpangilio wa ratiba. '''Tafadhali shiriki habari hii na jumuia yako.'''</div><section end="server-switch"/> <span dir=ltr>[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|{{int:talk}}]])</span> 15:41, 18 Septemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29170715 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Migration to Parsoid</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> <em>[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Parsoid Read Views/Read View Announcement|Read this in another language]]</em> Hello everyone! I am glad to inform you that as the next step in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parser Unification]] project, Parsoid will soon be turned on as the default article renderer on your wiki. We are gradually increasing the number of wikis using Parsoid, with the intention of making it the default wikitext parser for MediaWiki's next long-term support release. This will make our wikis more reliable and consistent for editors, readers, and tools to use, as well as making the development of future wikitext features easier. If this disrupts your workflow, don’t worry! You can still opt out through a user preference or turn Parsoid off on the current page using the Tools submenu, as described in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration|Extension:ParserMigration]] documentation. There is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser_Unification/Confidence_Framework|more information about our roll-out strategy]] available, including the testing done before we turn on Parsoid for a new wiki. To report bugs and issues, please look at our [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Known Issues|known issues]] documentation and if you found a new bug please create a phab ticket and tag the [[phab:project/view/5846|Content Transform Team in Phabricator]]. <section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[mw:User:ABreault (WMF)|Content Transform Team]]</bdi> 19:49, 2 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ABreault (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_Foundation/Product_and_Technology/Parsoid_Read_Views/2025-10-06_Wikipedias&oldid=29381387 --> == Event Organizer Right for [[user:EUwandu-WMF|EUwandu-WMF]] == Dear Swahili Wikipedia Admins, The Community Organizing Experience team (formerly the Campaigns team) at the Wikimedia Foundation is supporting Wikimedia Arusha and Wikimedia Kilimanjaro to strengthen their capacity in adopting the CampaignEvents extension tools, including Event Registration tool for their 2025-26 General Support Funds activities. In order to implement this support, I would need the event organizer right on Swahili Wikipedia. I have also communicated this to [[user:Jadnapac|Jadnapac]] who recommended I ask for the right here. '''[[Mtumiaji:EUwandu-WMF|EUwandu-WMF]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:EUwandu-WMF|majadiliano]])''' 17:19, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]], @[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] please gather here. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 18:17, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :I support granting the event organizer right to EUwandu-WMF. '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 20:17, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Toa maoni yako: pigia kura Bodi ya Wadhamini ya mwaka 2025 == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Habarini nyote, Kipindi cha upigaji kura cha [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|uchaguzi wa Bodi ya Wadhamini wa 2025]] sasa kimefunguliwa. Wagombea wanagombea viti 2 (viwili) kwenye Bodi. Ili kuangalia ustahiki wako wa mpiga kura, tafadhali tembelea [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Voter eligibility guidelines|ukurasa wa ustahiki wa mpiga kura]]. Jifunze zaidi kuwahusu kwa [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidates|kusoma taarifa zao za maombi na kutazama video zao za ugombeaji]]. Ukiwa tayari, nenda kwenye ukurasa wa kupiga kura wa [[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/405|SecurePoll kupiga kura]]. '''Upigaji kura utaanza tarehe 8 Oktoba saa 00:00 UTC hadi Oktoba 22 saa 23:59 UTC.''' Kila la kheri, Abhishek Suryawanshi<br />Mwenyekiti, Kamati ya Uchaguzi<section end="announcement-content" /> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 04:48, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29360896 --> == Message from U4C == Dear Swahili community, (''Apologies for writing in English. A machine-translated version of this message is attached below for your convenience. In case of any discrepancies, please refer to the English version as the source.'') We have been made aware of the deletion of the article [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] and the subsequent block of @[[User:E.N. Emmanuel]] (who can appeal on their talk page).<br /> @[[User:Olimasy]], could you please briefly explain what was the reason, among those listed here [[Wikipedia:Kufuta_makala]], for the speedy deletion of that page? We would like to remind you all and the administrators of this project in particular that local admins are currently topic banned from LGBTQ related pages, and admin actions related to content and conduct moderation are delegated to Stewards and Global sysops. Any intervention concerning related content or users should be requested on Meta. You can read our motion here [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]]. This measure will remain in effect until the actions we have recommended for this project (listed here [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]] in the section U4C Actions) have been completed. If you need any help with these steps please do not hesitate to contact us. On behalf of the U4C, --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 17:51, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (''Hii ni tafsiri ya kiotomatiki'')<br /> Ndugu waswahili,<br /> Tumefahamishwa kuhusu kufutwa kwa makala [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] na kizuizi kilichofuata cha @[[User:E.N. Emmanuel]] (anayeweza kukata rufaa kwenye ukurasa wao wa mazungumzo).<br /> @[[User:Olimasy]], tafadhali unaweza kueleza kwa ufupi sababu ilikuwa nini, miongoni mwa walioorodheshwa hapa [[Wikipedia:Kufuta_makala]], kwa kufutwa haraka kwa ukurasa huo? Tungependa kuwakumbusha nyote na wasimamizi wa mradi huu hasa kwamba wasimamizi wa ndani kwa sasa wamepigwa marufuku kutoka kwa kurasa zinazohusiana na LGBTQ, na vitendo vya wasimamizi vinavyohusiana na udhibiti wa maudhui na maadili hukabidhiwa kwa Steward na Global sysops. Uingiliaji kati wowote kuhusu maudhui yanayohusiana au watumiaji unapaswa kuombwa kwenye Meta. Unaweza kusoma hoja yetu hapa [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]]. Hatua hii itaendelea kutumika hadi hatua ambazo tumependekeza kwa mradi huu (zilizoorodheshwa hapa [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]] katika sehemu ya U4C Actions) zimekamilika. Ikiwa unahitaji msaada wowote kwa hatua hizi tafadhali usisite kuwasiliana nasi. Kwa niaba ya U4C, --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 17:51, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] I’ve reviewed the deletion log, and the article has already been removed. Judging by the structure and grammar, it seems the contributor may not be fluent in Kiswahili—the article had significant linguistic and formatting issues. :While we appreciate efforts to represent diverse communities, it’s equally important that all articles meet the quality standards of Swahili Wikipedia. :In a constructive spirit, we can encourage the contributor to collaborate with others to improve the article before republishing. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 20:22, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Contributor is banned and only option for him is new account. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 08:08, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[User:Muddyb]] the first version of the article was created by the user and [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=312781 deleted] on 1 October. After being pinged yesterday the user recreated the page ([https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=315152 here]), it turned out that the user is a cross wiki abuser and the page was deleted by a Global Sysop who later [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=315181 undeleted the page] because apparently it is a translation of enwiki. Nobody of us is able to understand if that content makes sense in Swahili or if it is an automatic translation, or meets speedy deletion criteria like you mentioned. Personally speaking U4C asked that articles about contentious topics should be based on reliable sources and that content does not meet that requirement. The user is global blocked so I do not foresee cooperation. If the content meets deletion criteria please use the delete template (I think it is this one {{tl|Futa}}?) and then request deletion on Meta (here: [[:m:Global_sysops/Requests]]). I understand that this is a little complicated but it is a temporary measure. Please do not hesitate to contact us for any help or suggestion about the recommended actions in our motion. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 09:03, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] I have informed the admin team again not to interfere directly with those kinds of articles instead we should inform Stewards to take the matter. Thanks. We will surely reach out in case of anything resurfaced. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 09:33, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[User:Muddyb]] many thanks, yes the right way is to inform Stewards or Global Sysops, your guidance is of course welcome (and needed) to overcome the language barrier. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Alternate version was correctly remade by TEMPORARY ACCOUNT and makes sense. Both "Emmanuel" accounts are ABUSERS, one locally blocked and other globally blocked. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 09:18, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] Share the recreated article that makes sense, please! [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 09:34, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Recreated article with sense is here: [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 09:45, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Se non fossi impedito, metterei il template <nowiki>{{tafsiri kompyuta}}</nowiki> perché è una traduzione orripilante. Pace a te, Civvì! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:05, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :If there is consensus on deletion due to low quality please request the deletion on Meta (explaining the reasons). For sure the goal of our requests is not to lower your quality standards. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 11:05, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] na @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] The recreated article is another trash in the block. I will write global sysop to delete it. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 12:03, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::Do not forget REDIRECTS and TALKS when deleting. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 12:01, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::Four instances to delete: ::[[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]], [[Majadiliano:Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] ::[[Historia ya Ubadilishaji jinsia]], [[Majadiliano:Historia ya Ubadilishaji jinsia]] ::'''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 12:08, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::"The recreated article is another trash in the block." FOUR INSTANCES. '''[[Mtumiaji:Soggo Ionno|Soggo Ionno]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Soggo Ionno|majadiliano]])''' 12:15, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="function1"/> {{int:Hello}}. Please help pick a name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. This project will be a wiki that will enable users to combine functions from [[:f:|Wikifunctions]] and data from Wikidata in order to generate natural language sentences in any supported languages. These sentences can then be used by any Wikipedia (or elsewhere). There will be two rounds of voting, each followed by legal review of candidates, with votes beginning on 20 October and 17 November 2025. Our goal is to have a final project name selected on mid-December 2025. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <section end="function1"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:43, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29432175 --> == Kutafuta watu wa kujitolea kujiunga na kamati kadhaa za harakati. == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Kila mwaka, kwa kawaida kuanzia Oktoba hadi Desemba, kamati kadhaa za harakati hutafuta watu wapya wa kujitolea. Soma zaidi kuhusu kamati hizo kwenye kurasa zao za Meta-wiki: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Kamati ya Ushirikiano (AffCom)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds commission|Tume ya Wachunguzi Maalum (OC)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Trust and Safety/Case Review Committee|Kamati ya Mapitio ya kesi (CRC)]] Maombi ya kamati hizo yatafunguliwa tarehe 30 Oktoba 2025. Maombi ya Kamati ya Ushirikiano, tume ya Wachunguzi Maalum na Kamati ya Mapitio ya Kesi yatafungwa tarehe 11 Desemba 2025. Jifunze namna ya kutuma maombi kwa [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Committee appointments| kutembelea ukurasa wa uteuzi kwenye Meta-Wiki]].Tuma kwenye ukurasa wa majadiliano au barua pepe cst[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org na maswali yoyote ambayo unaweza kuwa nayo. Kwa timu ya Msaada ya Kamati, <section end="announcement-content" /> -[[m:User:MKaur (WMF)| MKaur (WMF)]] 14:13, 30 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:MKaur (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29517125 --> == Will you help us test an updated Databox? == ''Apologies for posting in English - you can help by translating it'' Hello everyone, recently an update has been made to the [[w:sw:Module:Databox|Module:Databox]] / [[w:sw:Template:Databox|Template:Databox]] page with the following changes: * A Wikidata logo and link to the connected Wikidata Item * New parameters <code>useImage=</code> and <code>excludeProperties=</code> can be invoked in the source code to give a greater degree of control on what the Databox displays. ** '''<code>useImage=</code>''' choose a different [[d:Property:P18|image(P18)]] to display in the Databox.<br> Example: <nowiki>{{Databox|useImage=Hubble_Ultra_Deep_Field_part d.jpg}}</nowiki><br><br> ** '''<code>excludeParameters=</code>''' hides selected Properties (and values) in from displaying in the current Databox.<br>Example: <nowiki>{{Databox|excludeProperties=P1290,P66}}</nowiki> * The parameters can be combined, separated by a pipe |:<br><code><nowiki>{{</nowiki></code><code>Databox|'''useImage='''image_file.jpg|'''excludeProperties='''P123}}</code> === How can you help? === Please help us by playing with the new features, adding Databoxes to Articles and using the new parameters (if it is good for the article). Mostly we just want to collect feedback on whether this is a positive change, is useful, interrupts your editing workflows and / or causes any issues or bugs. Only the first change (Wikidata Logo+Link) will automatically apply to existing Databoxes (may take upto 30 days from this post) or after any edit to a page with a Databox (including null-edits). The two Parameters will only show if the <nowiki>{{Databox}}</nowiki> wikitext is edited with the new parameter code.<br>[[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox#Changes_to_Databox|Find instructions to do that here]].<br> Any questions, please feel free to reply here or add them to the [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox|Talk page]].<br> Thank you, - '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 14:41, 6 Novemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_test_list&oldid=29580122 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Reminder: Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="function2"/> {{int:Hello}}. Reminder: Please help to choose name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. The finalist vote starts today. The finalists for the name are: <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Abstract Wikipedia, Multilingual Wikipedia, Wikiabstracts, Wikigenerator, Proto-Wiki</span>. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <section end="function2"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:22, 20 Novemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29583860 --> == Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 == Dear Wikimedia communities, We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year. ''Last year, we captured light. This year, we’ll capture legacy.'' In 2025, communities around the world shared the glow of Ramadan nights and the warmth of collective iftars. In 2026, ''Wiki Loves Ramadan'' is expanding, bringing more stories, more cultures, and deeper global connections across Wikimedia projects. We invite you to explore the ''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026'' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Meta page]] to learn how you can participate and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/Participating communities|sign up]] your community. 📷 ''Photo campaign on '' [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wikimedia Commons]] If you have questions about the project, please refer to the FAQs: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ/|Meta-Wiki]] * [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ|Wikimedia Commons]] ''Early registration for updates is now open via the '''[[m:Special:RegisterForEvent/2710|Event page]]''''' ''Stay connected and receive updates:'' * [https://t.me/WikiLovesRamadan Telegram channel] * [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/wikilovesramadan.lists.wikimedia.org/ Mailing list] We look forward to collaborating with you and your community. '''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 19:45, 16 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29879549 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2026 starts soon == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> ;Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2026 Dear Wiki Community, We are pleased to invite Wikimedia communities, affiliates, and independent contributors to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026]]''' writing competition on your local Wikipedia. The international campaign will run from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and aims to improve coverage of feminism, women’s histories, gender-related topics, and folk culture across Wikipedia projects. ;About the Campaign '''Feminism and Folklore''' is a global writing initiative that complements the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026|Wiki Loves Folklore]]''' photography competition. While Wiki Loves Folklore focuses on visual documentation, this writing campaign addresses the '''gender gap on Wikipedia''' by improving encyclopedic content related to folk culture and marginalized voices. ;What Can Participants Write About? Communities can contribute by creating, expanding, or translating articles related to: * Folk festivals, rituals, and celebrations * Folk dances, music, and traditional performances * Women and queer figures in folklore * Women in mythology and oral traditions * Women warriors, witches, and witch-hunting narratives * Fairy tales, folk stories, and legends * Folk games, sports, and cultural practices Participants may work from curated article lists or generate new article suggestions using campaign tools. ;How to Sign Up as an Organizer Organizers are requested to complete the following steps to register their community: # Create a local project page on your wiki [[:m:Feminism and Folklore/Sample|(see sample)]] # Set up the campaign using the '''CampWiz''' tool # Prepare a local article list and clearly mention: #* Campaign timeline #* Local and international prizes # Request a site notice from local administrators [[:mr:Template:SN-FNF|(see sample)]] # Add your local project page and CampWiz link to the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta project page]]''' ;Campaign Tools The Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced tools to support organizers and participants: * '''Article List Generator by Topic''' – Helps identify articles available on English Wikipedia but missing in your local language Wikipedia. The tool allows customized filters and provides downloadable article lists in CSV and wikitable formats. * '''CampWiz''' – Enables communities to manage writing campaigns effectively, including jury-based evaluation. This will be the third year CampWiz is officially used for Feminism and Folklore. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ Click here to access the tools]''' ;Learn More & Get Support For detailed information about rules, timelines, and prizes, please visit the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 project page]]'''. If you have any questions or need assistance, feel free to reach out via: * '''[[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta talk page]]''' * Email us using details on the contact page. ;Join Us We look forward to your collaboration and coordination in making Feminism and Folklore 2026 a meaningful and impactful campaign for closing gender gaps and enriching folk culture content on Wikipedia. Thank you and best wishes, '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 International Team]]''' ---- ''Stay connected:'' [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> == Invitation to Host Wiki Loves Folklore 2026 in Your Country == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]] Hello everyone, We are delighted to invite Wikimedia affiliates, user groups, and community organizations worldwide to participate in '''Wiki Loves Folklore 2026''', an international initiative dedicated to documenting and celebrating folk culture across the globe. ;About Wiki Loves Folklore '''Wiki Loves Folklore''' is an annual international photography competition hosted on Wikimedia Commons. The campaign runs from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and encourages photographers, cultural enthusiasts, and community members to contribute photographs that highlight: * Folk traditions and rituals * Cultural festivals and celebrations * Traditional attire and crafts * Performing arts, music, and dance * Everyday practices rooted in folk heritage Through this campaign, we aim to preserve and promote diverse folk cultures and make them freely accessible to the world. [[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026|Project page on Wikimedia Commons]] ; Host a Local Edition As we celebrate the '''eight edition''' of Wiki Loves Folklore, we warmly invite communities to organize a local edition in their country or region. Hosting a local campaign is a great opportunity to: * Increase visibility of your region’s folk culture * Engage new contributors in your community * Enrich Wikimedia Commons with high-quality cultural content '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026/Organize|Sign up to organize]]:''' If your team prefers to organize the competition in ''either February or March only'', please feel free to let us know. If you are unable to organize, we encourage you to share this opportunity with other interested groups or organizations in your region. ;Get in Touch If you have any questions, need support, or would like to explore collaboration opportunities, please feel free to contact us via: * The project Talk pages * Email: '''support@wikilovesfolklore.org''' We are also happy to connect via an online meeting if your team would like to discuss planning or coordination in more detail. Warm regards, '''The Wiki Loves Folklore International Team''' </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 13:21, 18 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=29228188 --> == Mapitio ya kila mwaka ya Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Nidhamu na Miongozo ya Utekelezaji == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Ninakuandikia ili kukujulisha kuwa muda wa upitiaji wa kila mwaka wa Kanuni za Maadili na Miongozo ya Utekelezaji umefunguliwa sasa. Unaweza kutoa mapendekezo ya mabadiliko hadi tarehe 9 Februari 2026. Hii ni hatua ya kwanza kati ya kadhaa itakayochukuliwa kwa upitiaji wa kila mwaka. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Soma maelezo zaidi na utafute mazungumzo ya kujiunga kwenye ukurasa wa UCoC kwenye Meta]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Nidhamu]] (U4C) ni kundi la kimataifa linalojitolea kutoa utekelezaji sawa na thabiti wa UCoC. Tathmini hii ya kila mwaka ilipangwa na kutekelezwa na U4C. Kwa maelezo zaidi na majukumu ya U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|unaweza kukagua Mkataba wa U4C]]. Tafadhali washirikishe habari hii washiriki wengine katika jumuiya yako popote inapohitajika. -- Kwa ushirikiano na U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:Mazungumzo ya mtumiaji:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])<section end="announcement-content" /> 21:02, 19 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29905753 --> == Join the sixth Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia 2026.png|right|250px|thumb|link=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ukraine%27s_Cultural_Diplomacy_Month_2026|Join our campaign!]] {{int:please-translate}} Dear Wikipedians! [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the sixth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''1st April''' until '''30th April 2026'''. The initiative aims to promote knowledge about Ukrainian culture abroad by creating and improving Wikipedia articles in multiple languages. This year marks the sixth edition of the campaign, which will focus on contemporary culture, making today’s artistic voices and practices more visible to international audiences. 🧩'''How to participate?''' Choose an article from the suggested list → Write an article in your language, or improve an existing one according to the rules → Add your contribution to the contest page and calculate your points → Win prizes and receive a certificate of participation → Become a promoter of truthful knowledge about Ukraine. 🧩'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Check our main page for more information]]'''. '''If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest.''' If not, then we encourage you to translate the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|landing page of the contest]] and [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MessageGroupStats?group=Centralnotice-tgroup-UCDM2026banner&messages=&language=en&x=D banner] into your own language. Also, we set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in this challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) 04:35, 1 April 2026 (UTC) </div> (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&oldid=28552112 --> == Action Required: Update templates/modules for electoral maps (Migrating from P1846 to P14226) == Hello everyone, This is a notice regarding an ongoing data migration on Wikidata that may affect your election-related templates and Lua modules (such as <code>Module:Itemgroup/list</code>). '''The Change:'''<br /> Currently, many templates pull electoral maps from Wikidata using the property [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]], combined with the qualifier [[:d:Property:P180|P180]]: [[:d:Q19571328|Q19571328]]. We are migrating this data (across roughly 4,000 items) to a newly created, dedicated property: '''[[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]]'''. '''What You Need To Do:'''<br /> To ensure your templates and infoboxes do not break or lose their maps, please update your local code to fetch data from [[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]] instead of the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] + [[:d:Property:P180|P180]] structure. A [[m:Wikidata/Property Migration: P1846 to P14226/List|list of pages]] was generated using Wikimedia Global Search. '''Deadline:'''<br /> We are temporarily retaining the old data on [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] to allow for a smooth transition. However, to complete the data cleanup on Wikidata, the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] statements will be removed after '''May 1, 2026'''. Please update your modules and templates before this date to prevent any disruption to your wiki's election articles. Let us know if you have any questions or need assistance with the query logic. Thank you for your help! [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] using '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 17:11, 3 Aprili 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29941252 --> == Request for comment (global AI policy) == <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}} A [[:m:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|request for comment]] is currently being held to decide on a global AI policy. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 00:58, 26 Aprili 2026 (UTC) </bdi> (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Codename Noreste@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30424282 --> == Ombi la kuwezesha VisualEditor kwenye kurasa za mradi (Wikipedia Namespace) == Ndugu wanajumuia, Katika kuratibu na kuendesha miradi na kampeni mbalimbali za jamii yetu hapa Swahili Wikipedia (kama vile mashindano, warsha, dashboards, na kurasa za mradi kama `Wikipedia:Mradi wa...`), tumekuwa tukikumbana na changamoto ya kiufundi. Kwa sasa, mfumo wa usarifu wa picha (VisualEditor) haufanyi kazi kwenye maeneo haya ya kurasa za miradi (Project namespace), jambo linalotulazimu kutumia mfumo mgumu wa "Source Editor" (Wiki markup) hata kwa mambo madogo kama kutengeneza majedwali au muundo wa kurasa. Ili kurahisisha kazi kwa waratibu na wahariri wanaotengeneza kurasa hizi za kampeni, nimefungua tiketi kule Phabricator kuomba wataalamu wa Wikimedia Foundation watuwezeshe kutumia VisualEditor kwenye Project namespace ya swwiki. Wataalamu wa Phabricator wametujibu kuwa tayari wako tayari kufanya mabadiliko hayo, lakini kwa sheria za kiutaratibu, wanahitaji kuona Maridhiano ya Jumuia (Community Consensus) hapa uwanjani kwetu kwanza kabla hawajawasha mfumo huo. Wanatutanabahisha pia kuwa VisualEditor haikutengenezwa maalum kwa ajili ya kurasa za majadiliano, hivyo kunaweza kuwa na changamoto ndogo za mpangilio (kama indentations) tukiiitumia kwenye majadiliano ya miradi, jambo ambalo tunaona halitazuia ufanisi wa kazi kubwa ya kuratibu kurasa zenyewe za miradi. Tafadhali naomba kura zenu za Kuunga Mkono (Support) au maoni yenu hapa chini ili tukishapata ridhaa ya pamoja, nipeleke link ya mjadala huu Phabricator na mabadiliko haya yafanyike mara moja. Unaweza kuona tiketi hiyo Phabricator hapa: [[phab:T427117|⚓ T427117 Enable VisualEditor in the Project namespace for Swahili Wikipedia (swwiki)]] Pamoja tunajenga Wikipedia yetu! {{Strong support}}--[[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 09:07, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen|majadiliano]])''' 09:26, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}-- '''[[Mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|Husseyn Issa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|majadiliano]])''' 10:58, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) :{{strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 14:16, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) nl7p01jd4qv6mnihfhwbfyfuwif7949 1549807 1549805 2026-05-24T14:17:08Z Said Mfaume 68307 /* Ombi la kuwezesha VisualEditor kwenye kurasa za mradi (Wikipedia Namespace) */ 1549807 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ * '''en:'''Welcome to the '''Swahili Wikipedia Village Pump!''' * '''sw:''' Ukurasa huu ni kwa ajili ya kuwasaidia watu wanaotaka kuboresha kamusi hii na kujadiliana mambo ya jumuiya yetu! * [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Matukio ya Kimataifa|Orodha ya Matukio ya Kimataifa]]:Unaweza kuangalia kalenda hiyo ya matukio ya kimataifa na ukipendezwa unaweza kushiriki tukio lolote iwapo utaona linakuhusu. Viungo vya jumuiya: {| class="wikitable" border="1" |- |[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]] <br/>'''Fungua hapa kuona kura kuhusu wakabidhi wapya!''' |[[Wikipedia:Makala kwa ufutaji]] |[[Wikipedia:Maboresho yanayohitajika]] |[http://tools.wmflabs.org/wikiviewstats/?locale=en&lang=sw&project=&page=&datefrom=2014-05-02&autofilter&type=world Makala zinazotembelewa sana leo hii] |[[Wikipedia:Kuzuia watumiaji]] |- |[[Wikipedia:Ubalozi]] |[[Wikipedia:Kundi la Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]] |[[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Daruser|Wikimedia Community User Group Tanzania]] |[[Wikipedia:Makala zilizoombwa]] |[https://xtools.wmcloud.org/ec Michango yote ya mtumiaji] (jaza jina) * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:CentralAuth?target= Angalia michango ya watumiaji]* [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&offset=&limit=500&type=newusers&user=&page=&wpdate=&tagfilter=&wpfilters%5B0%5D=newusers Watumiaji wapya] |} ==Kumbukumbu ya miaka iliyopita== <small>'''Majadiliano ya awali yamehamishiwa hapa:''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Kumbukumbu hadi Julai 2008]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu Julai 2008 hadi Desemba 2009]]''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu Desemba 2009 hadi Desemba 2011]]''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2012 hadi 2013]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2014]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2015]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2016]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2017]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2018-2019]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2020-2021-VI]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Kumbukumbu 2021-VI - 2022-I]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2022 - 2025 I]] </small> ==Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili== Kwa wote wanaopenda kutafakari na kujadiliana nasi namna ya kuendeleza wikipedia hii ya Kiswahili wakabidhi walianzisha kundi la '''[[meta:Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]]'''. Unaweza kujiandikisha pale kama umehariri hapa kwa muda wa mwaka moja angalau. ==Jamii / Kategoria== Ndugu zangu, kuna mtu amebadili ujumbe wa kusano kutoka JAMII kwenda kategoria. Kwa sasa inaonekana juu lakini baadaye itachukua nafasi. Huu ni uharibifu wa tafsiri. Tazama hapa: https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:1000 Inabidi tudhibiti mapema tafsiri zijadiliwe na wasemaji wa Kiswahili badala ya kikundi cha wahuni wanaojiita wafasiri. == Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025: Invitation == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:UCDM 2025 general.png|180px|right]] {{int:please-translate}} Hello, dear Wikipedians!<br/> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the fifth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''14th April''' until '''16th May 2025'''. The campaign is dedicated to famous Ukrainian artists of cinema, music, literature, architecture, design, and cultural phenomena of Ukraine that are now part of world heritage. We accept contributions in every language! The most active contesters will receive prizes. If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest. <br/> We invite you to take part and help us improve the coverage of Ukrainian culture on Wikipedia in your language! Also, we plan to set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in such a challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) </div> 16:11, 16 Aprili 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Hide on Rosé@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&oldid=28552112 --> == Vote now on the revised UCoC Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> The voting period for the revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines ("UCoC EG") and the UCoC's Coordinating Committee Charter is open now through the end of 1 May (UTC) ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 find in your time zone]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/2025/Voter_information|Read the information on how to participate and read over the proposal before voting]] on the UCoC page on Meta-wiki. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review of the EG and Charter was planned and implemented by the U4C. Further information will be provided in the coming months about the review of the UCoC itself. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well. In cooperation with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 00:34, 17 Aprili 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28469465 --> == Sub-referencing: User testing == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Sub-referencing reuse visual.png|400px|right]] <small>''Apologies for writing in English, please help us by providing a translation below''</small> Hi I’m Johannes from [[:m:Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]]'s [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes team]]. We are making great strides with the new [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing feature]] and we’d love to invite you to take part in two activities to help us move this work further: #'''Try it out and share your feedback''' #:[[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing# Test the prototype|Please try]] the updated ''wikitext'' feature [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Sub-referencing on the beta wiki] and let us know what you think, either [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|on our talk page]] or by [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/talktotechwish booking a call] with our UX researcher. #'''Get a sneak peak and help shape the ''Visual Editor'' user designs''' #:Help us test the new design prototypes by participating in user sessions – [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/gxk0taud/apply sign up here to receive an invite]. We're especially hoping to speak with people from underrepresented and diverse groups. If that's you, please consider signing up! No prior or extensive editing experience is required. User sessions will start ''May 14th''. We plan to bring this feature to Wikimedia wikis later this year. We’ll reach out to wikis for piloting in time for deployments. Creators and maintainers of reference-related tools and templates will be contacted beforehand as well. Thank you very much for your support and encouragement so far in helping bring this feature to life! </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|talk]])</bdi> 15:03, 28 Aprili 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johannes_Richter_(WMDE)/Sub-referencing/massmessage_list&oldid=28628657 --> == Pigia kura mapendekezo ya marekebisho ya Miongozo ya Utekelezaji ya UCoC na Mkataba wa U4C == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Kipindi cha kupigia kura marekebisho ya Mkataba wa Utekelezaji wa Kanuni za Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili na U4C itafungwa tarehe 1 Mei 2025 saa 23:59 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 angalia kwa saa za eneo lako]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025/Voter information|Soma maelezo kuhusu jinsi ya kushiriki na kusoma pendekezo kabla ya kupiga kura]] kwenye ukurasa wa UCoC kwenye Meta-wiki. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili (U4C)]] ni kikundi cha kimataifa kinachojitolea kutoa utekelezaji sawa na thabiti wa UCoC. Tathmini hii ya kila mwaka ilipangwa na kutekelezwa na U4C. Kwa maelezo zaidi na majukumu ya U4C, unaweza [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|kuupitia Mkataba wa U4C]]. Tafadhali washirikishe ujumbe huu wanajumuiya wenzako katika lugha yako, kadri utakavyoona inavyofaa, ili waweze kushiriki pia. Kwa ushirikiano na U4C -- <section end="announcement-content" /> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 03:41, 29 Aprili 2025 (UTC)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == We will be enabling the new Charts extension on your wiki soon! == ''(Apologies for posting in English)'' Hi all! We have good news to share regarding the ongoing problem with graphs and charts affecting all wikis that use them. As you probably know, the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|old Graph extension]] was disabled in 2023 [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EWL4AGBEZEDMNNFTM4FRD4MHOU3CVESO/|due to security reasons]]. We’ve worked in these two years to find a solution that could replace the old extension, and provide a safer and better solution to users who wanted to showcase graphs and charts in their articles. We therefore developed the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Charts extension]], which will be replacing the old Graph extension and potentially also the [[:mw:Extension:EasyTimeline|EasyTimeline extension]]. After successfully deploying the extension on Italian, Swedish, and Hebrew Wikipedia, as well as on MediaWiki.org, as part of a pilot phase, we are now happy to announce that we are moving forward with the next phase of deployment, which will also include your wiki. The deployment will happen in batches, and will start from '''May 6'''. Please, consult [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project#Deployment Timeline|our page on MediaWiki.org]] to discover when the new Charts extension will be deployed on your wiki. You can also [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|consult the documentation]] about the extension on MediaWiki.org. If you have questions, need clarifications, or just want to express your opinion about it, please refer to the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension_talk:Chart/Project|project’s talk page on Mediawiki.org]], or ping me directly under this thread. If you encounter issues using Charts once it gets enabled on your wiki, please report it on the [[:mw:Extension_talk:Chart/Project|talk page]] or at [[phab:tag/charts|Phabricator]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:07, 6 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=28663781 --> == Vandalism == I suppose the two pictures in the text [[Adidas]] are simple vandalism and do not make sence in the text. But not being active in this wikipedia, I don't know how to attract more attention to the doubtful edit of march 2023. :Nadhani picha mbili katika maandishi [[Adidas]] ni uharibifu rahisi na hazina maana katika maandishi. Lakini kutokuwa hai katika wikipedia hii, sijui jinsi ya kuvutia umakini zaidi kwa uhariri wa shaka wa Machi 2023. --'''[[Mtumiaji:ThomasPusch|ThomasPusch]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ThomasPusch|majadiliano]])''' 12:06, 12 Mei 2025 (UTC) :It has been fixed! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 12:20, 12 Mei 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Call for Candidates for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> The results of voting on the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter is [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025#Results|available on Meta-wiki]]. You may now [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025/Candidates|submit your candidacy to serve on the U4C]] through 29 May 2025 at 12:00 UTC. Information about [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|eligibility, process, and the timeline are on Meta-wiki]]. Voting on candidates will open on 1 June 2025 and run for two weeks, closing on 15 June 2025 at 12:00 UTC. If you have any questions, you can ask on [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|the discussion page for the election]]. -- in cooperation with the U4C, </div><section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|majadiliano]])</bdi> 22:07, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == Changes to the way some users are granted the right to see temporary account IP addresses == Hello! This is the [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety_Product|Trust and Safety Product]] team. We would like to share that we have decided to change the requirements for access to temporary account IP addresses. '''The impact on your community will be minimal'''. We are planning on implementing the change in the week of May 26 ([[phab:T393358|T393358]] + [[phab:T393360|T393360]] + [[phab:T390942|T390942]]). I will keep you updated about the details. We are only changing the rules for users who do not have extended rights (e.g. admins, bureaucrats, checkusers – [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Wikimedia_Access_to_Temporary_Account_IP_Addresses_Policy#requirements-for-access|see the policy for more examples]]) but their account is a minimum of 6 months old, and who have made a minimum of 300 edits on this wiki. They will lose access to IP addresses ([[phab:T393360|T393360]]), and to have it back, '''they will need to apply for the right. Admins or stewards will decide whether to grant it''' ([[phab:T390942|T390942]]). This will entail human manual work, but this method will be safer than if we continued to grant the rights automatically. We want to emphasize that there has been no user who wouldn't have extended rights to ever reveal a temporary account's IP addresses on your wiki. We made this decision based on what we heard from you, piloting wikis, particularly Romanian Wikipedians. We also consulted on options with Stewards, and had discussions on Meta-Wiki and about 20 Wikipedias with large communities. When we deploy temporary accounts to more wikis, we will evaluate the impact and may adjust our approach again. In addition, we'd like you to know that requirements for access to the [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety_Product/IP_Info|IP Info]] feature will be identical with the ones for access to the temporary accounts' IP addresses (a user will either have full information or none). '''The rationale for the change''' We chose the current numerical thresholds and automatic granting before deploying temporary accounts on any wiki. However, it’s become clear to us that these requirements are quite low and it is still too easy for bad-faith actors to gain access to temporary account IP addresses. We want temporary accounts to meaningfully improve editor privacy, so we need to be more restrictive. Our goal is to more consistently limit IP address access to only those who need it. '''How will this work''' * When a user without extended rights needs to view temporary account IP addresses, they will need to file a request for being added to the "Temporary account IP viewers" group. They will file the request to admins (the local communities will be able to decide what that process will be) or stewards (for wikis without local admins). * The software will require that the user has at least 300 edits and the account since at least 6 months. Admins and stewards will not be able to grant temporary account IP access to accounts that do not meet that criteria. This is a minimum, and we encourage you to enforce higher thresholds. * The user reviewing the request will check if the user applying for the right meets requirements and that they have provided a valid justification. The right itself will be granted through Special:UserRights. * Users who grant requests for the right will also handle removal of the right. We would also like to clarify some details. For your convenience, we will also document some of it in [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/FAQ|the project FAQ]]. {{hidden|Access to IP addresses|bg1=background-color:#eee;|2 = * '''Separation of the new right''' (checkuser-temporary-account) out to a new group ([[metawiki:Meta:Temporary_account_IP_viewer|Temporary account IP viewers]]), as opposed to technically attaching it to any [[Special:ListGroupRights|existing group]] (like patroller). We have decided to do this for a few reasons: ** '''Having access to IP addresses carries risk'''. This right is similar to checkuser. IP addresses are considered personally identifiable information (a kind of [[:en:personal data|personal data]]). Outside actors who want to access IP addresses will now need to interact with users who have this right. Users with this right should be aware of this, and alert to the possibility of suspicious access requests. ** '''Good practices for privacy protection'''. Giving access to users who are trusted but do not need access to carry on their work is not in line with good practices for processing personal data. ** '''Removal of right'''. Access to IPs will be [[phab:T325658|logged]] ([https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Log?type=checkuser-temporary-account example]). If any misuse of this right is detected, it can be taken away separately from any other permissions the user may hold. It would be difficult and sometimes also unreasonable to remove the rights unrelated to access to IP addresses. ** You may grant the new right to all users belonging to a certain existing group individually. These users must meet the criteria for Temporary account IP viewers, though. ** For clarity – all this does not affect administrators, bureaucrats, checkusers, stewards, and other groups mentioned in the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|global policy]]. * '''Activity requirement'''. With regards to users who would need to be granted access manually, the policy says that they "must edit or take a logged action to the local project at least once within a 365-day period". This requirement is not changing. }} {{hidden|Process of granting the right|bg1=background-color:#eee;|2 = * '''Formality of granting the right'''. There is no need for discussions or votes like Request for Adminship. It does suffice if a single admin makes a decision using their own judgement. * '''Additional requirements for the users applying for the right'''. ** You have autonomy over the process for granting the right. You can adopt thresholds higher than 300 edits, or disallow the "non-admin+" users to have the right. The granting process can be as basic or elaborate as you deem appropriate. ** Which criteria admins should take when deciding whether to grant the right – how to tell whether a user needs access to IP addresses? There are no mandatory requirements beyond a minimum of 300 edits and a 6 month old account. You may introduce additional criteria related to trust to the user (such as no prior blocks or copyright violations) or experience in patrolling activities. * '''Additional burden on administrators'''. We understand the toil of having to grant and remove an additional right. This is indeed a downside. We think that it will only have to be a one-time effort to grant this right to a larger number of people. We are curious if you can find ways to limit this burden. }} '''Next steps on your side we would like to suggest''' * We are encouraging you to consider '''adopting a policy''' on granting and removing the right, if you think you need to add anything to the global policy. * We are encouraging you to '''start granting the right'''. Considering our data (up to a few non-functionaries have ever revealed temporary account IP addresses here), we believe you don't need to rush or spend a lot of time preparing for this before the change comes into force, though. * We would like to show you what level of wiki-bureaucracy seems sufficient from our point of view. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=28667152 In the sandbox], we have created a draft of what a page with requests for the flag could look like. Of course the final content of the page will depend on your community. We do not want to imply that we are instructing you on this matter. Let us know if you have any questions. Thank you! [[metawiki:User:NKohli_(WMF)|NKohli (WMF)]] and '''[[Mtumiaji:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 02:27, 16 Mei 2025 (UTC) == RfC ongoing regarding Abstract Wikipedia (and your project) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''(Apologies for posting in English, if this is not your first language)'' Hello all! We opened a discussion on Meta about a very delicate issue for the development of [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia]]: where to store the abstract content that will be developed through functions from Wikifunctions and data from Wikidata. Since some of the hypothesis involve your project, we wanted to hear your thoughts too. We want to make the decision process clear: we do not yet know which option we want to use, which is why we are consulting here. We will take the arguments from the Wikimedia communities into account, and we want to consult with the different communities and hear arguments that will help us with the decision. The decision will be made and communicated after the consultation period by the Foundation. You can read the various hypothesis and have your say at [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content|Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 15:27, 22 Mei 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=28768453 --> == Uchaguzi wa Bodi ya Wadhamini ya Wikimedia Foundation mwaka 2025 na Wito wa Maswali == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Wapendwa wote, Mwaka huu, Muda wa Wadhamini 2 (wawili) waliochaguliwa na jumuiya na Washirika kwenye Bodi ya Wadhamini ya Shirika la Wikimedia Foundation utakamilika [1]. Bodi inakaribisha harakati nzima kushiriki katika mchakato wa uteuzi wa mwaka huu na kupiga kura kujaza viti hivyo. Kamati ya Uchaguzi inasimamia mchakato huu kwa msaada kutoka kwa wafanyakazi wa Shirika [2]. Kamati ya Utawala inayoundwa na wadhamini ambao si wagombea katika mchakato wa uteuzi wa wadhamini waliochaguliwa na jumuiya na washirika wa mwaka 2025 (Raju Narisetti, Shani Evenstein Sigalov, Lorenzo Losa, Kathy Collins, Victoria Doronina na Esra’a Al Shafei) [3], ina jukumu la kutoa usimamizi wa Bodi ya wadhamini kwa ajili ya kuweka taarifa kwa Bodi ya wadhamini. Maelezo zaidi kuhusu majukumu ya Kamati ya Uchaguzi, Bodi, na wafanyakazi yako hapa [4]. Hapa kuna tarehe kuu zilizopangwa: * Mei 22 – Juni 5: Tangazo (mawasiliano hayo) na mwito wa kipindi cha maswali * Juni 17 – Julai 1, 2025: Wito wa wagombea * Julai 2025: Ikihitajika, washirika hupigia kura wagombea waliopo kwenye orodha fupi ikiwa 10 au zaidi wataomba [5] * Agosti 2025: Kipindi cha kampeni * Agosti – Septemba 2025: Kipindi cha wiki mbili cha kupiga kura kwa jumuiya * Oktoba – Novemba 2025: Ukaguzi wa usuli wa watahiniwa waliochaguliwa * Mkutano wa Bodi mnamo Decemba 2025: Wadhamini wapya wamekaa kwenye kiti Jifunze zaidi kuhusu uchaguzi wa 2025 - ikiwa ni pamoja na ratiba ya kina ya matukio, mchakato wa kugombea, sheria za kampeni na vigezo vya kustahiki kwa mpiga kura - kwenye ukurasa huu wa Meta-wiki [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025|[kiungo]]]. '''Wito wa Maswali''' Katika kila mchakato wa uchaguzi, jumuiya ina fursa ya kuwasilisha maswali kwa wagombea wa Bodi ya Wadhamini kujibu. Kamati ya Uchaguzi huchagua maswali kutoka kwenye orodha iliyoandaliwa na jumuiya ili wagombea wajibu. Wagombea lazima wajibu maswali yote yanayohitajika katika maombi ili kustahiki; vinginevyo maombi yao yatakataliwa. Mwaka huu, Kamati ya Uchaguzi itachagua maswali 5 kwa wagombea kujibu. Maswali yaliyochaguliwa yanaweza kuwa mchanganyiko wa yale yaliyowasilishwa kutoka kwa jumuiya, ikiwa yanafanana au yanahusiana. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates|[kiungo]]] '''Watu wa kujitolea katika uchaguzi''' Njia nyingine ya kuhusika katika mchakato wa uchaguzi wa mwaka 2025 ni kuwa Mtu wa Kujitolea katika Uchaguzi. Watu wa Kujitolea katika Uchaguzi ni daraja kati ya Kamati ya Uchaguzi na jumuiya zao. Wanasaidia kuhakikisha jumuiya inawakilishwa na kuwahamasisha kupiga kura. Jifunze zaidi kuhusu mpango na jinsi ya kujiunga kwenye ukurasa huu wa Meta-wiki [[m:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Election_volunteers|[kiungo]]]. Asante! [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Results [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Committee:Elections_Committee_Charter [3] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resolution:Committee_Membership,_December_2024 [4] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Roles [5] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/FAQ [6] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates Salamu sana, Victoria Doronina Uhusiano wa Bodi na Kamati ya Uchaguzi Kamati ya Utawala<section end="announcement-content" /> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 03:08, 28 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == U4C case - conclusion == Hello Swahili community, <br /> first of all I would like to apologize for writing in English, an automatic translation in Swahili will follow but we are aware that automatic translations in your language are not very good so we will need your help to make sure that the text is understandable. On 21 December 2024 a request to U4C was filed here: [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Cases/Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia]]. Some deadlines were extended and we are aware that it took us a long time to conclude the case. I will report our conclusion below in English and with translation in Swahili. I will add also a translation in Italian which is a language one of your most active users (sysop and bureaucrat) is familiar with. Please contact the committee for any clarification needed. As a coordinating committee we would also like to offer our support if you need help with the requested actions. === U4C Motion === (The original text with votes is here: [[:m:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Cases/Sysop_abuse_in_Swahili_Wikipedia#Motions]]) According to UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), Swahili is among the 10 most widely spoken languages in the world, with more than 200 million speakers and it is one of the ''lingua franca'' in many countries within East, Central and Southern Africa as well as in the Middle East. According to Wikipedia ([[:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), Swahili is one of the national languages in Tanzania, Kenya, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Burundi, Uganda, it is an official language of Rwanda, in some areas of Somalia and is spoken in other areas in the African Great Lakes region and East and Southern Africa. With the exception of Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda, in all the countries where Swahili is national language, homosexuality is not only illegal (in some cases - Uganda - with death penalty as punishment) but apparent "promotion" of homosexuality is also severely punished. More about this in following links: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C requested a legal opinion to assess what risks editors and administrators residing in those countries could face in editing or restoring content which may be considered to "promote" homosexuality even if for Wikimedian (or Western) standards that content would not be considered promotional but only neutral or descriptive. The U4C's priorities in this case are: *Protect local users, especially advanced right holders who could be misinterpreted as "responsible" for the content of a project *Protect all the readers and their right to have neutral and informative content '''U4C Actions''' # Recommend that the Swahili Wikipedia community work on a guideline about Neutral Point of View (Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) and a guideline about reliable sources (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). The U4C will review progress in 6 months.<br /> # Recommend that the community seek local expertise on how it is permissible to educate a reader about topics related to LGBTQ issues without violating laws in Swahili-speaking countries and at the same time avoiding discrimination (as per the UCoC). Use this information to support NPOV on these topics. # Recommend that the community start discussing on dealing with local appeals and creating a procedure for this compliant with the [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines]]. # Recommend that the community define a list of pages or "contentious topics" (starting from LGBTQ topics) where, once created, the above mentioned policies are particularly used/applied more strictly. At the same time: *Administrators on Swahili Wikipedia (swwiki) are topic banned from LGBTQ related pages, with admin actions related to content and conduct moderation delegated to Stewards and Global sysops (any interventions can be requested on Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] or [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Here is a non-exhaustive list of pages that are covered: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Homosexuality, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Same sex marriage, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Once the recommended measures as described above are set up, swwiki admins may appeal to the topic ban. === Translation in Swahili === ''This is an automatic translation, please kindly fix mistakes or parts which need clarification.'' Kulingana na UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), Kiswahili ni miongoni mwa lugha 10 zinazozungumzwa na watu wengi zaidi duniani, ikiwa na wazungumzaji zaidi ya milioni 200 na ni mojawapo ya ''lingua franca'' katika nchi nyingi za Mashariki, Kati na Kusini mwa Afrika na pia Mashariki ya Kati. Kwa mujibu wa Wikipedia ([[:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), Kiswahili ni mojawapo ya lugha za kitaifa nchini Tanzania, Kenya, Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo, Burundi, Uganda, ni lugha rasmi ya Rwanda, katika baadhi ya maeneo ya Somalia na inazungumzwa katika maeneo mengine katika eneo la Maziwa Makuu ya Afrika na Afrika Mashariki na Kusini. Isipokuwa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo na Rwanda, katika nchi zote ambako Kiswahili ni lugha ya taifa, ushoga sio tu ni kinyume cha sheria (katika baadhi ya matukio - Uganda - na adhabu ya kifo kama adhabu) lakini "kukuza" kwa ushoga pia kunaadhibiwa vikali. Zaidi kuhusu hili katika viungo vifuatavyo: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C iliomba maoni ya kisheria ili kutathmini hatari ambazo wahariri na wasimamizi wanaoishi katika nchi hizo wanaweza kukabiliana nazo katika kuhariri au kurejesha maudhui ambayo yanaweza kuchukuliwa kuwa "kukuza" ushoga hata kama kwa viwango vya Wikimedian (au Magharibi) maudhui hayo hayatachukuliwa kuwa ya utangazaji bali yasiyoegemea upande wowote au maelezo. Vipaumbele vya U4C katika kesi hii ni: *Linda watumiaji wa ndani, haswa wamiliki wa haki wa hali ya juu ambao wanaweza kutafsiriwa vibaya kama "wajibiki" kwa maudhui ya mradi. *Linda wasomaji wote na haki yao ya kuwa na maudhui yasiyoegemea upande wowote na yenye taarifa '''Vitendo vya U4C''' # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya ya Wikipedia ya Kiswahili ifanyie kazi mwongozo kuhusu Mtazamo wa Kuegemea (Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) na mwongozo kuhusu vyanzo vya kuaminika (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). U4C itakagua maendeleo baada ya miezi 6.<br /> # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya itafute utaalamu wa ndani kuhusu jinsi inavyoruhusiwa kuelimisha msomaji kuhusu mada zinazohusiana na masuala ya LGBTQ bila kukiuka sheria katika nchi zinazozungumza Kiswahili na wakati huo huo kuepuka ubaguzi (kulingana na UCoC). Tumia habari hii kusaidia NPOV kwenye mada hizi. # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya ianze kujadiliana kuhusu kushughulikia rufaa za eneo lako na kuunda utaratibu wa kutii [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines|Mwongozo wa Utekelezaji]]. # Pendekeza kwamba jumuia ifafanue orodha ya kurasa au "mada zinazogombana" (kuanzia mada za LGBTQ) ambapo, mara tu zikiundwa, sera zilizotajwa hapo juu hutumiwa/hutumiwa kwa ukali zaidi. Wakati huo huo: *Wasimamizi kwenye Wikipedia ya Kiswahili (swwiki) wamepigwa marufuku kwenye kurasa zinazohusiana na LGBTQ, huku vitendo vya wasimamizi vinavyohusiana na udhibiti wa maudhui na maadili vimekabidhiwa kwa Stewards na Global sysops (afua zozote zinaweza kuombwa kwenye Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] au [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Hapa kuna orodha isiyo kamili ya kurasa ambazo zimefunikwa: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Ushoga, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Ndoa ya jinsia moja, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Baada ya hatua zilizopendekezwa kama ilivyoelezwa hapo juu kusanidiwa, wasimamizi wa swwiki wanaweza kukata rufaa dhidi ya marufuku ya mada. {{hidden | style = border: 1px black; width: 100%; | headerstyle = background:#f5f5f5 | contentstyle = | header = Translation in Italian/Tafsiri katika Kiitaliano | content = Secondo l'UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), lo Swahili è tra le 10 lingue più parlate al mondo con oltre 200 milioni di persone che lo parlano ed è una "lingue franche" in diversi paese dell'Africa orientale, centrale e meridionale nonché nel Medio-Oriente. Secondo Wikipedia ([[:en:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), lo Swahili è una delle lingue nazionali in Tanzania, Kenya, Repubblica Democratica del Congo, Burundi, Uganda, è lingua ufficiale in Ruanda, in alcune aree della Somalia ed è abitualmente usato in altre aree della regione dei Grandi Laghi e dell'Africa Orientale e meridionale. Con l'eccezione della Repubblica Democratica del Congo e del Ruanda, in tutti i paese in cui lo Swahili è lingua nazionale, l'omosessualità non è solo illegale (in alcuni casi, come l'Uganda, è punita con la pena di morte) ma anche l'apparente promozione dell'omosessualità è severamente punita. Maggiori informazioni nei seguenti link: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C ha richiesto un parere legale per individuare quali rischi corrano i volontari e amministratori residenti in questi paese nell'effettuare modifiche o ripristinare contenuti che possono essere considerati promozionali dell'omosessualità anche se per standard Wikimediani (o del mondo occidentale) non sono considerati promozionali ma solo descrittivi o neutrali. Nel trattare questo caso le priorità dello U4C sono: *Tutelare gli utenti locali, specialmente coloro con diritti addizionali che possono essere erroneamente considerati come "responsabili" dei contenuti di un progetto *Tutelare i lettori e il loro diritto ad avere informazioni e contenuti neutrali '''In considerazione di ciò U4C''' # Raccomanda che la comunità della Wikipedia in Swahili lavori sulla creazione di linee guida sul punto di vista neutrale (Neutral Point of View - Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) e su una linea guida dedicata alle fonti attendibili e al loro uso (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). U4C verificherà i progressi fra 6 mesi.<br /> # Raccomanda che la comunità ricerchi informazioni o consulenza locale su come fornire contenuti informativi sui temi collegati a LGBTQ senza violare leggi nei paesi di lingua Swahili ma allo stesso tempo senza discriminare (ai sensi di UCoC). Le informazioni ottenute andranno a supporto della linea guida sul punto di vista neutrale sull'argomento. # Raccomanda che la comunità inizi una discussione sulla gestione locale degli appelli ai blocchi e su una procedura degli stessi conforme alle linee guida sull'applicazione del codice di condotta [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines]]. # Raccomanda che la comunità definisca una lista di pagine di "argomenti controversi" (partendo dal tema LGBTQ) dove, una volta create le linee guida del punto 1, queste vengano usate e applicate con particolare rigore. Allo stesso tempo: *Gli amministratori della Wikipedia in Swahili hanno un topic ban (blocco selettivo su tema specifico) dalle pagine riguardanti tematiche LGBTQ, gli interventi amministrativi legati alla moderazione di condotta e contenuto sono delegate agli Steward e ai Global sysop (gli interventi possono essere richiesti nelle pagine su Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] oppure [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Di seguito una lista non esasustiva delle pagine coinvolte: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Homosexuality, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Same sex marriage, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Una volta che i rimedi raccomandati descritti nei punti più sopra sono stati attuati gli amministratori di swwiki possono richiedere la rimozione del topic ban. }} On behalf of U4C, '''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 13:23, 31 Mei 2025 (UTC) == Vote now in the 2025 U4C Election == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{Int:Please-translate}} Eligible voters are asked to participate in the 2025 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] election. More information–including an eligibility check, voting process information, candidate information, and a link to the vote–are available on Meta at the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2025|2025 Election information page]]. The vote closes on 17 June 2025 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1750161600 12:00 UTC]. Please vote if your account is eligible. Results will be available by 1 July 2025. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 23:01, 13 Juni 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28848819 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2025 - Call for Candidates</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div> Hello all, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|call for candidates for the 2025 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees selection is now open]] from June 17, 2025 – July 2, 2025 at 11:59 UTC [1]. The Board of Trustees oversees the Wikimedia Foundation's work, and each Trustee serves a three-year term [2]. This is a volunteer position. This year, the Wikimedia community will vote in late August through September 2025 to fill two (2) seats on the Foundation Board. Could you – or someone you know – be a good fit to join the Wikimedia Foundation's Board of Trustees? [3] Learn more about what it takes to stand for these leadership positions and how to submit your candidacy on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidate application|this Meta-wiki page]] or encourage someone else to run in this year's election. Best regards, Abhishek Suryawanshi<br /> Chair of the Elections Committee On behalf of the Elections Committee and Governance Committee [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Call_for_candidates [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Bylaws#(B)_Term. [3] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Resources_for_candidates<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 17:44, 17 Juni 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28866958 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Sister Projects Task Force reviews Wikispore and Wikinews</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="message"/> Dear Wikimedia Community, The [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs Committee (CAC)]] of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees assigned [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Sister Projects Task Force|the Sister Projects Task Force (SPTF)]] to update and implement a procedure for assessing the lifecycle of Sister Projects – wiki [[m:Wikimedia projects|projects supported by Wikimedia Foundation (WMF)]]. A vision of relevant, accessible, and impactful free knowledge has always guided the Wikimedia Movement. As the ecosystem of Wikimedia projects continues to evolve, it is crucial that we periodically review existing projects to ensure they still align with our goals and community capacity. Despite their noble intent, some projects may no longer effectively serve their original purpose. '''Reviewing such projects is not about giving up – it's about responsible stewardship of shared resources'''. Volunteer time, staff support, infrastructure, and community attention are finite, and the non-technical costs tend to grow significantly as our ecosystem has entered a different age of the internet than the one we were founded in. Supporting inactive projects or projects that didn't meet our ambitions can unintentionally divert these resources from areas with more potential impact. Moreover, maintaining projects that no longer reflect the quality and reliability of the Wikimedia name stands for, involves a reputational risk. An abandoned or less reliable project affects trust in the Wikimedia movement. Lastly, '''failing to sunset or reimagine projects that are no longer working can make it much harder to start new ones'''. When the community feels bound to every past decision – no matter how outdated – we risk stagnation. A healthy ecosystem must allow for evolution, adaptation, and, when necessary, letting go. If we create the expectation that every project must exist indefinitely, we limit our ability to experiment and innovate. Because of this, SPTF reviewed two requests concerning the lifecycle of the Sister Projects to work through and demonstrate the review process. We chose Wikispore as a case study for a possible new Sister Project opening and Wikinews as a case study for a review of an existing project. Preliminary findings were discussed with the CAC, and a community consultation on both proposals was recommended. === Wikispore === The [[m:Wikispore|application to consider Wikispore]] was submitted in 2019. SPTF decided to review this request in more depth because rather than being concentrated on a specific topic, as most of the proposals for the new Sister Projects are, Wikispore has the potential to nurture multiple start-up Sister Projects. After careful consideration, the SPTF has decided '''not to recommend''' Wikispore as a Wikimedia Sister Project. Considering the current activity level, the current arrangement allows '''better flexibility''' and experimentation while WMF provides core infrastructural support. We acknowledge the initiative's potential and seek community input on what would constitute a sufficient level of activity and engagement to reconsider its status in the future. As part of the process, we shared the decision with the Wikispore community and invited one of its leaders, Pharos, to an SPTF meeting. Currently, we especially invite feedback on measurable criteria indicating the project's readiness, such as contributor numbers, content volume, and sustained community support. This would clarify the criteria sufficient for opening a new Sister Project, including possible future Wikispore re-application. However, the numbers will always be a guide because any number can be gamed. === Wikinews === We chose to review Wikinews among existing Sister Projects because it is the one for which we have observed the highest level of concern in multiple ways. Since the SPTF was convened in 2023, its members have asked for the community's opinions during conferences and community calls about Sister Projects that did not fulfil their promise in the Wikimedia movement.[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WCNA_2024._Sister_Projects_-_opening%3F_closing%3F_merging%3F_splitting%3F.pdf <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Community_Affairs_Committee/Sister_Projects_Task_Force#Wikimania_2023_session_%22Sister_Projects:_past,_present_and_the_glorious_future%22 <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F <nowiki>[3]</nowiki>] Wikinews was the leading candidate for an evaluation because people from multiple language communities proposed it. Additionally, by most measures, it is the least active Sister Project, with the greatest drop in activity over the years. While the Language Committee routinely opens and closes language versions of the Sister Projects in small languages, there has never been a valid proposal to close Wikipedia in major languages or any project in English. This is not true for Wikinews, where there was a proposal to close English Wikinews, which gained some traction but did not result in any action[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Proposals_for_closing_projects/Closure_of_English_Wikinews <nowiki>[4]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F <nowiki>[5]</nowiki>, see section 5] as well as a draft proposal to close all languages of Wikinews[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:Proposals_for_closing_projects/Archive_2#Close_Wikinews_completely,_all_languages? <nowiki>[6]</nowiki>]. [[:c:File:Sister Projects Taskforce Wikinews review 2024.pdf|Initial metrics]] compiled by WMF staff also support the community's concerns about Wikinews. Based on this report, SPTF recommends a community reevaluation of Wikinews. We conclude that its current structure and activity levels are the lowest among the existing sister projects. SPTF also recommends pausing the opening of new language editions while the consultation runs. SPTF brings this analysis to a discussion and welcomes discussions of alternative outcomes, including potential restructuring efforts or integration with other Wikimedia initiatives. '''Options''' mentioned so far (which might be applied to just low-activity languages or all languages) include but are not limited to: *Restructure how Wikinews works and is linked to other current events efforts on the projects, *Merge the content of Wikinews into the relevant language Wikipedias, possibly in a new namespace, *Merge content into compatibly licensed external projects, *Archive Wikinews projects. Your insights and perspectives are invaluable in shaping the future of these projects. We encourage all interested community members to share their thoughts on the relevant discussion pages or through other designated feedback channels. === Feedback and next steps === We'd be grateful if you want to take part in a conversation on the future of these projects and the review process. We are setting up two different project pages: [[m:Public consultation about Wikispore|Public consultation about Wikispore]] and [[m:Public consultation about Wikinews|Public consultation about Wikinews]]. Please participate between 27 June 2025 and 27 July 2025, after which we will summarize the discussion to move forward. You can write in your own language. I will also host a community conversation 16th July Wednesday 11.00 UTC and 17th July Thursday 17.00 UTC (call links to follow shortly) and will be around at Wikimania for more discussions. <section end="message"/> </div> -- [[User:Victoria|Victoria]] on behalf of the Sister Project Task Force, 20:57, 27 Juni 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Sister_project_MassMassage_on_behalf_of_Victoria/Target_list&oldid=28911188 --> == Wikidata Item and Property labels soon displayed in Wiki Watchlist/Recent Changes == ''(Apologies for posting in English, you can help by translating into your language)'' Hello everyone, the [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects]] team is excited to announce an upcoming change in how Wikidata edit changelogs are displayed in your [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlists]] and [[Special:RecentChanges|Recent Changes]] lists. If an edit is made on Wikidata that affects a page in another Wikimedia Project, the changelog will contain some information about the nature of the edit. This can include a QID (or Q-number), a PID (or P-number) and a value (which can be text, numbers, dates, or also QID or PID’s). Confused by these terms? See the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Glossary|Wikidata:Glossary]] for further explanations. The upcoming change is scheduled for '''17.07.2025''', between '''1300 - 1500 UTC'''. The change will display the label (item name) alongside any QID or PIDs, as seen in the image below: [[File:Apr10 edit summary on Wikidata.png|An edit sum entry on Wikidata, labels display alongside their P- and Q-no.'s]] These changes will only be visible if you have Wikidata edits enabled in your User Preferences for Watchlists and Recent Changes, or have the active filter ‘Wikidata edits’ checkbox toggled on, directly on the Watchlist and Recent Changes pages. Your bot and gadget may be affected! There are thousands of bots, gadgets and user-scripts and whilst we have researched potential effects to many of them, we cannot guarantee there won’t be some that are broken or affected by this change. Further information and context about this change, including how your bot may be affected can be found on this [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|project task page]]. We welcome your questions and feedback, please write to us on this dedicated [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Talk page]]. Thank you, - [[m:User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] on behalf of the Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects Team. '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 12:46, 14 Julai 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_Test_List&oldid=28981877 --> == Boti ya kukaribisha ya [[user:AmmarBot|Ammar]] == Ndugu zangu wanaWikipedia. Hivi karibuni, nikiwa huko jijini Nairobi, nilikutana na Ammar. Kijana wa Kihausa kutoka nchini Nigeria. Katika maongezi yetu, tukafikia hatua ya kuzungumzia boti za kukaribisha watu. Kijana huyu alikubali kutumia muda wake mchache kuunda boti ya kukaribisha watu. Hivyo basi kila kibarua cha karibu kila wakati kimetuishia. Tafadhalini msipoteza muda wenu kukaribisha watu. Boti itafanya kazi. Tazameni: [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum%3AMichango&target=AmmarBot&namespace=all&tagfilter=&start=&end=&limit=50 Hapa] [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 13:45, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :Hii nzuri! '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 15:02, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) ::Ila BOT atachukua muda gani tangu mgeni kajiunga hadi atakapokaribishwa? '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 15:02, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Introducing Paste Check: a new Edit Check for Wikipedia == Hello! Sorry for using English language. {{int:please-translate}}. {{int:Thank-you}} Paste Check is a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|Edit Check]] feature to help avoid and fight copyright violations. When editors paste text into an article, Paste Check can prompt them to confirm the origin and licensing of the content. '''Why Paste Check?''' Paste Check benefits two audiences: * Newcomers: Many new editors are unaware of Wikipedia’s policies regarding copyright violations. Some mistakenly believe that pasting from what they consider reliable sources is the way to edit. * Experienced editors: Paste Check aims to make it easier to identify and patrol edits that may contain pasted content (which can be either legit or copyright violations), helping us save time. The goal is to reduce the rate of copyright violations by at least 10% among newer editors. '''How it works''' By default, Paste Check will be shown to editors who have published 100 or fewer edits locally. When an editor matching this requirement pastes at least 50 characters of text from somewhere else, Paste Check will ask them to confirm if they wrote the content. Two options are then available: * Keep the text – the user is then asked to explain why. * Remove the text – the text is removed. In both cases, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tags|edits will be tagged]] so that experienced editors can identify edits in which Paste Check was shown. The tag will be visible even if the final edit didn’t include any pasted text. Paste Check will trigger when text is pasted a source it doesn’t recognize as another editing environment. It won’t show up if the editor has pasted text that we can technically recognize is coming from another MediaWiki visual editor instance, MS Office, Libre Office, Google Docs, or is plain text. To start, Paste Check will only work in the visual editor. '''Get involved''' The Editing team is seeking input on the proposed user experience and configuration. We plan to test the following interface with new users ([https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&showMessage=editcheck-dialog-addref-reject-question&group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw-editcheck&language=&filter=&optional=1&action=translate please help translating it]):   [[File:Paste_Check_interface_for_September_2025's_test.png|575x575px]] We're planning to refine this interface over time, but want to start by launching a test so that we can determine whether the check is useful. We presented this interface to people who don't participate in Wikipedia, and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Paste Check#Qualitative evaluation|they found it practical and easy to understand]]. As a consequence, we would like to start by showing the feature to a fraction of newcomers for approximately 6 weeks. After this point, we will review the experiment results and decide what to do next. '''Configuration and test''' For experienced users, Paste Check will be configurable by the local communities (e.g. edit count thresholds, ignored sections and namespaces). Edits triggering Paste Check will be marked with the tag <code>editcheck-paste-shown</code> for easier tracking. You can try the proposed Paste Check interface: * visit https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/w/index.php?title=Cats&veaction=edit&ecenable=2 * Paste 50 characters or more from an external source, such as a website, to see the prompt. Your feedback is valuable! Please share your thoughts below, and ping me. {{int:Thank-you}} [[user:Trizek_(WMF)|Trizek_(WMF)]] 13:47, 18 Septemba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Trizek_(WMF)/sandbox/temp_MassMessage_list&oldid=29293687 --> :This test is planned to start on this Wednesday, 8 October. Let me know if you have any question! '''[[Mtumiaji:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Trizek (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 15:31, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Hivi karibuni Wiki yenu itakuwa kwenye mfumo wa kutoharirika. == <section begin="server-switch"/><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Soma ujumbe huu kupitia lugha nyingine]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] [[foundation:|Shirika la Wikimedia]] litafanya mbadilishano wa taarifa baina ya vituo vyake vya data. Hii itahakikisha kuwa Wikipedia na Wiki nyingine za Wikimedia zinabaki mtandaoni hata likitokea janga. Mbadilishano wa taarifa utafanyika: '''{{#time:j xg|2025-09-24|sw}}'''. Mbadilishano utaanza $muda huu: Inasikitisha kwamba, kutokana na vipingamizi kwenye [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], uhariri wa kila namna itabidi usitishwe wakati wa mbadilishano. Tunaomba radhi kwa mvurugiko huo, na tunafanya juhudi kupunguza kutokea kwa adha kama hiyo siku za ver. Bango litaanikizwa kwenye Wiki zote dakika 30 kabla ya kuanza kwa mchakato. Bango litabaki likionekana mpaka operesheni itapofikia mwisho. <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">You can contribute to the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=Centralnotice-tgroup-read_only_banner&task=view&language=&filter=&action=translate translation or proofreading] of this banner text.</span> '''Mtaweza kusoma, lakini si kuhariri, kwenye Wiki zote, kwa kipindi kifupi.''' *Hutoweza kuhariri kwa takriban saa moja {{#time:l j xg Y|2025-09-24|sw}}. *Ukijaribu kuhariri na kuhifadhi kwenye nyakati his, utaona ujumbe kukujulisha kuwa umekosea. Tunanatumaini kuwa hakuna maharirio yatakayopotea kwenye dakika hizo, lakini hatuwezi kuahidi. Ukiona ujumbe unaokuarifu kuwa unakosea, basi tafadhali subiri hadi iwe ya kawaida. Baadae utaweza kuhifadhi kuhifadhi maharirio yako. Kakini, tunashauri uweke kwanza nakala ya mabadiliko uliyofanya, kwa tahadhari tu. ''Athari nyingine '' *Shughuli za nyuma ya pazia zitakuwa za taratibu sana, na nyingine zinaweza kuachwa. Viungo vyekundu vinaweza vikasasishwa polepole kuliko kawaida. Ukianzisha makala makala ambayo tayari imeunganishwa na sehemu nyingine, kiungo kitabaki chekundu kwa muda mrefu kuliko kawaida. Baadhi ya maandishi ya muda mrefu italazimika kuyasimamisha. * Tunatarajia utekelezaji wa kimsimbo utafanyika kama kwenye wiki [juma] zingine. Hata hivyo, kuzuiwa Kwa baadhi ya misimbo itayoainishwa, kunaweza kutokea bila kuchelewa kama operesheni itahitaji baadae. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|Gitlab]] haitopatikana kwa kiasi cha dakika 90. Mradi huu unaweza kuahirishwa panapo ulazima. Unaweza [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|kusoma ratiba hiyo kwenye wikitech. wikimedia.org]]. Mabadiliko yoyote yatatangazwa kwenye mpangilio wa ratiba. '''Tafadhali shiriki habari hii na jumuia yako.'''</div><section end="server-switch"/> <span dir=ltr>[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|{{int:talk}}]])</span> 15:41, 18 Septemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29170715 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Migration to Parsoid</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> <em>[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Parsoid Read Views/Read View Announcement|Read this in another language]]</em> Hello everyone! I am glad to inform you that as the next step in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parser Unification]] project, Parsoid will soon be turned on as the default article renderer on your wiki. We are gradually increasing the number of wikis using Parsoid, with the intention of making it the default wikitext parser for MediaWiki's next long-term support release. This will make our wikis more reliable and consistent for editors, readers, and tools to use, as well as making the development of future wikitext features easier. If this disrupts your workflow, don’t worry! You can still opt out through a user preference or turn Parsoid off on the current page using the Tools submenu, as described in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration|Extension:ParserMigration]] documentation. There is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser_Unification/Confidence_Framework|more information about our roll-out strategy]] available, including the testing done before we turn on Parsoid for a new wiki. To report bugs and issues, please look at our [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Known Issues|known issues]] documentation and if you found a new bug please create a phab ticket and tag the [[phab:project/view/5846|Content Transform Team in Phabricator]]. <section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[mw:User:ABreault (WMF)|Content Transform Team]]</bdi> 19:49, 2 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ABreault (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_Foundation/Product_and_Technology/Parsoid_Read_Views/2025-10-06_Wikipedias&oldid=29381387 --> == Event Organizer Right for [[user:EUwandu-WMF|EUwandu-WMF]] == Dear Swahili Wikipedia Admins, The Community Organizing Experience team (formerly the Campaigns team) at the Wikimedia Foundation is supporting Wikimedia Arusha and Wikimedia Kilimanjaro to strengthen their capacity in adopting the CampaignEvents extension tools, including Event Registration tool for their 2025-26 General Support Funds activities. In order to implement this support, I would need the event organizer right on Swahili Wikipedia. I have also communicated this to [[user:Jadnapac|Jadnapac]] who recommended I ask for the right here. '''[[Mtumiaji:EUwandu-WMF|EUwandu-WMF]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:EUwandu-WMF|majadiliano]])''' 17:19, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]], @[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] please gather here. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 18:17, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :I support granting the event organizer right to EUwandu-WMF. '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 20:17, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Toa maoni yako: pigia kura Bodi ya Wadhamini ya mwaka 2025 == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Habarini nyote, Kipindi cha upigaji kura cha [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|uchaguzi wa Bodi ya Wadhamini wa 2025]] sasa kimefunguliwa. Wagombea wanagombea viti 2 (viwili) kwenye Bodi. Ili kuangalia ustahiki wako wa mpiga kura, tafadhali tembelea [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Voter eligibility guidelines|ukurasa wa ustahiki wa mpiga kura]]. Jifunze zaidi kuwahusu kwa [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidates|kusoma taarifa zao za maombi na kutazama video zao za ugombeaji]]. Ukiwa tayari, nenda kwenye ukurasa wa kupiga kura wa [[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/405|SecurePoll kupiga kura]]. '''Upigaji kura utaanza tarehe 8 Oktoba saa 00:00 UTC hadi Oktoba 22 saa 23:59 UTC.''' Kila la kheri, Abhishek Suryawanshi<br />Mwenyekiti, Kamati ya Uchaguzi<section end="announcement-content" /> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 04:48, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29360896 --> == Message from U4C == Dear Swahili community, (''Apologies for writing in English. A machine-translated version of this message is attached below for your convenience. In case of any discrepancies, please refer to the English version as the source.'') We have been made aware of the deletion of the article [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] and the subsequent block of @[[User:E.N. Emmanuel]] (who can appeal on their talk page).<br /> @[[User:Olimasy]], could you please briefly explain what was the reason, among those listed here [[Wikipedia:Kufuta_makala]], for the speedy deletion of that page? We would like to remind you all and the administrators of this project in particular that local admins are currently topic banned from LGBTQ related pages, and admin actions related to content and conduct moderation are delegated to Stewards and Global sysops. Any intervention concerning related content or users should be requested on Meta. You can read our motion here [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]]. This measure will remain in effect until the actions we have recommended for this project (listed here [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]] in the section U4C Actions) have been completed. If you need any help with these steps please do not hesitate to contact us. On behalf of the U4C, --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 17:51, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (''Hii ni tafsiri ya kiotomatiki'')<br /> Ndugu waswahili,<br /> Tumefahamishwa kuhusu kufutwa kwa makala [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] na kizuizi kilichofuata cha @[[User:E.N. Emmanuel]] (anayeweza kukata rufaa kwenye ukurasa wao wa mazungumzo).<br /> @[[User:Olimasy]], tafadhali unaweza kueleza kwa ufupi sababu ilikuwa nini, miongoni mwa walioorodheshwa hapa [[Wikipedia:Kufuta_makala]], kwa kufutwa haraka kwa ukurasa huo? Tungependa kuwakumbusha nyote na wasimamizi wa mradi huu hasa kwamba wasimamizi wa ndani kwa sasa wamepigwa marufuku kutoka kwa kurasa zinazohusiana na LGBTQ, na vitendo vya wasimamizi vinavyohusiana na udhibiti wa maudhui na maadili hukabidhiwa kwa Steward na Global sysops. Uingiliaji kati wowote kuhusu maudhui yanayohusiana au watumiaji unapaswa kuombwa kwenye Meta. Unaweza kusoma hoja yetu hapa [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]]. Hatua hii itaendelea kutumika hadi hatua ambazo tumependekeza kwa mradi huu (zilizoorodheshwa hapa [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]] katika sehemu ya U4C Actions) zimekamilika. Ikiwa unahitaji msaada wowote kwa hatua hizi tafadhali usisite kuwasiliana nasi. Kwa niaba ya U4C, --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 17:51, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] I’ve reviewed the deletion log, and the article has already been removed. Judging by the structure and grammar, it seems the contributor may not be fluent in Kiswahili—the article had significant linguistic and formatting issues. :While we appreciate efforts to represent diverse communities, it’s equally important that all articles meet the quality standards of Swahili Wikipedia. :In a constructive spirit, we can encourage the contributor to collaborate with others to improve the article before republishing. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 20:22, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Contributor is banned and only option for him is new account. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 08:08, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[User:Muddyb]] the first version of the article was created by the user and [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=312781 deleted] on 1 October. After being pinged yesterday the user recreated the page ([https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=315152 here]), it turned out that the user is a cross wiki abuser and the page was deleted by a Global Sysop who later [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=315181 undeleted the page] because apparently it is a translation of enwiki. Nobody of us is able to understand if that content makes sense in Swahili or if it is an automatic translation, or meets speedy deletion criteria like you mentioned. Personally speaking U4C asked that articles about contentious topics should be based on reliable sources and that content does not meet that requirement. The user is global blocked so I do not foresee cooperation. If the content meets deletion criteria please use the delete template (I think it is this one {{tl|Futa}}?) and then request deletion on Meta (here: [[:m:Global_sysops/Requests]]). I understand that this is a little complicated but it is a temporary measure. Please do not hesitate to contact us for any help or suggestion about the recommended actions in our motion. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 09:03, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] I have informed the admin team again not to interfere directly with those kinds of articles instead we should inform Stewards to take the matter. Thanks. We will surely reach out in case of anything resurfaced. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 09:33, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[User:Muddyb]] many thanks, yes the right way is to inform Stewards or Global Sysops, your guidance is of course welcome (and needed) to overcome the language barrier. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Alternate version was correctly remade by TEMPORARY ACCOUNT and makes sense. Both "Emmanuel" accounts are ABUSERS, one locally blocked and other globally blocked. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 09:18, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] Share the recreated article that makes sense, please! [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 09:34, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Recreated article with sense is here: [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 09:45, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Se non fossi impedito, metterei il template <nowiki>{{tafsiri kompyuta}}</nowiki> perché è una traduzione orripilante. Pace a te, Civvì! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:05, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :If there is consensus on deletion due to low quality please request the deletion on Meta (explaining the reasons). For sure the goal of our requests is not to lower your quality standards. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 11:05, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] na @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] The recreated article is another trash in the block. I will write global sysop to delete it. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 12:03, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::Do not forget REDIRECTS and TALKS when deleting. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 12:01, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::Four instances to delete: ::[[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]], [[Majadiliano:Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] ::[[Historia ya Ubadilishaji jinsia]], [[Majadiliano:Historia ya Ubadilishaji jinsia]] ::'''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 12:08, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::"The recreated article is another trash in the block." FOUR INSTANCES. '''[[Mtumiaji:Soggo Ionno|Soggo Ionno]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Soggo Ionno|majadiliano]])''' 12:15, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="function1"/> {{int:Hello}}. Please help pick a name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. This project will be a wiki that will enable users to combine functions from [[:f:|Wikifunctions]] and data from Wikidata in order to generate natural language sentences in any supported languages. These sentences can then be used by any Wikipedia (or elsewhere). There will be two rounds of voting, each followed by legal review of candidates, with votes beginning on 20 October and 17 November 2025. Our goal is to have a final project name selected on mid-December 2025. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <section end="function1"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:43, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29432175 --> == Kutafuta watu wa kujitolea kujiunga na kamati kadhaa za harakati. == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Kila mwaka, kwa kawaida kuanzia Oktoba hadi Desemba, kamati kadhaa za harakati hutafuta watu wapya wa kujitolea. Soma zaidi kuhusu kamati hizo kwenye kurasa zao za Meta-wiki: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Kamati ya Ushirikiano (AffCom)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds commission|Tume ya Wachunguzi Maalum (OC)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Trust and Safety/Case Review Committee|Kamati ya Mapitio ya kesi (CRC)]] Maombi ya kamati hizo yatafunguliwa tarehe 30 Oktoba 2025. Maombi ya Kamati ya Ushirikiano, tume ya Wachunguzi Maalum na Kamati ya Mapitio ya Kesi yatafungwa tarehe 11 Desemba 2025. Jifunze namna ya kutuma maombi kwa [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Committee appointments| kutembelea ukurasa wa uteuzi kwenye Meta-Wiki]].Tuma kwenye ukurasa wa majadiliano au barua pepe cst[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org na maswali yoyote ambayo unaweza kuwa nayo. Kwa timu ya Msaada ya Kamati, <section end="announcement-content" /> -[[m:User:MKaur (WMF)| MKaur (WMF)]] 14:13, 30 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:MKaur (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29517125 --> == Will you help us test an updated Databox? == ''Apologies for posting in English - you can help by translating it'' Hello everyone, recently an update has been made to the [[w:sw:Module:Databox|Module:Databox]] / [[w:sw:Template:Databox|Template:Databox]] page with the following changes: * A Wikidata logo and link to the connected Wikidata Item * New parameters <code>useImage=</code> and <code>excludeProperties=</code> can be invoked in the source code to give a greater degree of control on what the Databox displays. ** '''<code>useImage=</code>''' choose a different [[d:Property:P18|image(P18)]] to display in the Databox.<br> Example: <nowiki>{{Databox|useImage=Hubble_Ultra_Deep_Field_part d.jpg}}</nowiki><br><br> ** '''<code>excludeParameters=</code>''' hides selected Properties (and values) in from displaying in the current Databox.<br>Example: <nowiki>{{Databox|excludeProperties=P1290,P66}}</nowiki> * The parameters can be combined, separated by a pipe |:<br><code><nowiki>{{</nowiki></code><code>Databox|'''useImage='''image_file.jpg|'''excludeProperties='''P123}}</code> === How can you help? === Please help us by playing with the new features, adding Databoxes to Articles and using the new parameters (if it is good for the article). Mostly we just want to collect feedback on whether this is a positive change, is useful, interrupts your editing workflows and / or causes any issues or bugs. Only the first change (Wikidata Logo+Link) will automatically apply to existing Databoxes (may take upto 30 days from this post) or after any edit to a page with a Databox (including null-edits). The two Parameters will only show if the <nowiki>{{Databox}}</nowiki> wikitext is edited with the new parameter code.<br>[[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox#Changes_to_Databox|Find instructions to do that here]].<br> Any questions, please feel free to reply here or add them to the [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox|Talk page]].<br> Thank you, - '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 14:41, 6 Novemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_test_list&oldid=29580122 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Reminder: Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="function2"/> {{int:Hello}}. Reminder: Please help to choose name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. The finalist vote starts today. The finalists for the name are: <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Abstract Wikipedia, Multilingual Wikipedia, Wikiabstracts, Wikigenerator, Proto-Wiki</span>. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <section end="function2"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:22, 20 Novemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29583860 --> == Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 == Dear Wikimedia communities, We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year. ''Last year, we captured light. This year, we’ll capture legacy.'' In 2025, communities around the world shared the glow of Ramadan nights and the warmth of collective iftars. In 2026, ''Wiki Loves Ramadan'' is expanding, bringing more stories, more cultures, and deeper global connections across Wikimedia projects. We invite you to explore the ''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026'' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Meta page]] to learn how you can participate and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/Participating communities|sign up]] your community. 📷 ''Photo campaign on '' [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wikimedia Commons]] If you have questions about the project, please refer to the FAQs: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ/|Meta-Wiki]] * [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ|Wikimedia Commons]] ''Early registration for updates is now open via the '''[[m:Special:RegisterForEvent/2710|Event page]]''''' ''Stay connected and receive updates:'' * [https://t.me/WikiLovesRamadan Telegram channel] * [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/wikilovesramadan.lists.wikimedia.org/ Mailing list] We look forward to collaborating with you and your community. '''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 19:45, 16 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29879549 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2026 starts soon == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> ;Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2026 Dear Wiki Community, We are pleased to invite Wikimedia communities, affiliates, and independent contributors to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026]]''' writing competition on your local Wikipedia. The international campaign will run from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and aims to improve coverage of feminism, women’s histories, gender-related topics, and folk culture across Wikipedia projects. ;About the Campaign '''Feminism and Folklore''' is a global writing initiative that complements the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026|Wiki Loves Folklore]]''' photography competition. While Wiki Loves Folklore focuses on visual documentation, this writing campaign addresses the '''gender gap on Wikipedia''' by improving encyclopedic content related to folk culture and marginalized voices. ;What Can Participants Write About? Communities can contribute by creating, expanding, or translating articles related to: * Folk festivals, rituals, and celebrations * Folk dances, music, and traditional performances * Women and queer figures in folklore * Women in mythology and oral traditions * Women warriors, witches, and witch-hunting narratives * Fairy tales, folk stories, and legends * Folk games, sports, and cultural practices Participants may work from curated article lists or generate new article suggestions using campaign tools. ;How to Sign Up as an Organizer Organizers are requested to complete the following steps to register their community: # Create a local project page on your wiki [[:m:Feminism and Folklore/Sample|(see sample)]] # Set up the campaign using the '''CampWiz''' tool # Prepare a local article list and clearly mention: #* Campaign timeline #* Local and international prizes # Request a site notice from local administrators [[:mr:Template:SN-FNF|(see sample)]] # Add your local project page and CampWiz link to the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta project page]]''' ;Campaign Tools The Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced tools to support organizers and participants: * '''Article List Generator by Topic''' – Helps identify articles available on English Wikipedia but missing in your local language Wikipedia. The tool allows customized filters and provides downloadable article lists in CSV and wikitable formats. * '''CampWiz''' – Enables communities to manage writing campaigns effectively, including jury-based evaluation. This will be the third year CampWiz is officially used for Feminism and Folklore. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ Click here to access the tools]''' ;Learn More & Get Support For detailed information about rules, timelines, and prizes, please visit the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 project page]]'''. If you have any questions or need assistance, feel free to reach out via: * '''[[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta talk page]]''' * Email us using details on the contact page. ;Join Us We look forward to your collaboration and coordination in making Feminism and Folklore 2026 a meaningful and impactful campaign for closing gender gaps and enriching folk culture content on Wikipedia. Thank you and best wishes, '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 International Team]]''' ---- ''Stay connected:'' [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> == Invitation to Host Wiki Loves Folklore 2026 in Your Country == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]] Hello everyone, We are delighted to invite Wikimedia affiliates, user groups, and community organizations worldwide to participate in '''Wiki Loves Folklore 2026''', an international initiative dedicated to documenting and celebrating folk culture across the globe. ;About Wiki Loves Folklore '''Wiki Loves Folklore''' is an annual international photography competition hosted on Wikimedia Commons. The campaign runs from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and encourages photographers, cultural enthusiasts, and community members to contribute photographs that highlight: * Folk traditions and rituals * Cultural festivals and celebrations * Traditional attire and crafts * Performing arts, music, and dance * Everyday practices rooted in folk heritage Through this campaign, we aim to preserve and promote diverse folk cultures and make them freely accessible to the world. [[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026|Project page on Wikimedia Commons]] ; Host a Local Edition As we celebrate the '''eight edition''' of Wiki Loves Folklore, we warmly invite communities to organize a local edition in their country or region. Hosting a local campaign is a great opportunity to: * Increase visibility of your region’s folk culture * Engage new contributors in your community * Enrich Wikimedia Commons with high-quality cultural content '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026/Organize|Sign up to organize]]:''' If your team prefers to organize the competition in ''either February or March only'', please feel free to let us know. If you are unable to organize, we encourage you to share this opportunity with other interested groups or organizations in your region. ;Get in Touch If you have any questions, need support, or would like to explore collaboration opportunities, please feel free to contact us via: * The project Talk pages * Email: '''support@wikilovesfolklore.org''' We are also happy to connect via an online meeting if your team would like to discuss planning or coordination in more detail. Warm regards, '''The Wiki Loves Folklore International Team''' </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 13:21, 18 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=29228188 --> == Mapitio ya kila mwaka ya Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Nidhamu na Miongozo ya Utekelezaji == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Ninakuandikia ili kukujulisha kuwa muda wa upitiaji wa kila mwaka wa Kanuni za Maadili na Miongozo ya Utekelezaji umefunguliwa sasa. Unaweza kutoa mapendekezo ya mabadiliko hadi tarehe 9 Februari 2026. Hii ni hatua ya kwanza kati ya kadhaa itakayochukuliwa kwa upitiaji wa kila mwaka. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Soma maelezo zaidi na utafute mazungumzo ya kujiunga kwenye ukurasa wa UCoC kwenye Meta]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Nidhamu]] (U4C) ni kundi la kimataifa linalojitolea kutoa utekelezaji sawa na thabiti wa UCoC. Tathmini hii ya kila mwaka ilipangwa na kutekelezwa na U4C. Kwa maelezo zaidi na majukumu ya U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|unaweza kukagua Mkataba wa U4C]]. Tafadhali washirikishe habari hii washiriki wengine katika jumuiya yako popote inapohitajika. -- Kwa ushirikiano na U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:Mazungumzo ya mtumiaji:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])<section end="announcement-content" /> 21:02, 19 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29905753 --> == Join the sixth Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia 2026.png|right|250px|thumb|link=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ukraine%27s_Cultural_Diplomacy_Month_2026|Join our campaign!]] {{int:please-translate}} Dear Wikipedians! [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the sixth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''1st April''' until '''30th April 2026'''. The initiative aims to promote knowledge about Ukrainian culture abroad by creating and improving Wikipedia articles in multiple languages. This year marks the sixth edition of the campaign, which will focus on contemporary culture, making today’s artistic voices and practices more visible to international audiences. 🧩'''How to participate?''' Choose an article from the suggested list → Write an article in your language, or improve an existing one according to the rules → Add your contribution to the contest page and calculate your points → Win prizes and receive a certificate of participation → Become a promoter of truthful knowledge about Ukraine. 🧩'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Check our main page for more information]]'''. '''If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest.''' If not, then we encourage you to translate the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|landing page of the contest]] and [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MessageGroupStats?group=Centralnotice-tgroup-UCDM2026banner&messages=&language=en&x=D banner] into your own language. Also, we set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in this challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) 04:35, 1 April 2026 (UTC) </div> (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&oldid=28552112 --> == Action Required: Update templates/modules for electoral maps (Migrating from P1846 to P14226) == Hello everyone, This is a notice regarding an ongoing data migration on Wikidata that may affect your election-related templates and Lua modules (such as <code>Module:Itemgroup/list</code>). '''The Change:'''<br /> Currently, many templates pull electoral maps from Wikidata using the property [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]], combined with the qualifier [[:d:Property:P180|P180]]: [[:d:Q19571328|Q19571328]]. We are migrating this data (across roughly 4,000 items) to a newly created, dedicated property: '''[[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]]'''. '''What You Need To Do:'''<br /> To ensure your templates and infoboxes do not break or lose their maps, please update your local code to fetch data from [[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]] instead of the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] + [[:d:Property:P180|P180]] structure. A [[m:Wikidata/Property Migration: P1846 to P14226/List|list of pages]] was generated using Wikimedia Global Search. '''Deadline:'''<br /> We are temporarily retaining the old data on [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] to allow for a smooth transition. However, to complete the data cleanup on Wikidata, the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] statements will be removed after '''May 1, 2026'''. Please update your modules and templates before this date to prevent any disruption to your wiki's election articles. Let us know if you have any questions or need assistance with the query logic. Thank you for your help! [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] using '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 17:11, 3 Aprili 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29941252 --> == Request for comment (global AI policy) == <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}} A [[:m:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|request for comment]] is currently being held to decide on a global AI policy. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 00:58, 26 Aprili 2026 (UTC) </bdi> (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Codename Noreste@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30424282 --> == Ombi la kuwezesha VisualEditor kwenye kurasa za mradi (Wikipedia Namespace) == Ndugu wanajumuia, Katika kuratibu na kuendesha miradi na kampeni mbalimbali za jamii yetu hapa Swahili Wikipedia (kama vile mashindano, warsha, dashboards, na kurasa za mradi kama `Wikipedia:Mradi wa...`), tumekuwa tukikumbana na changamoto ya kiufundi. Kwa sasa, mfumo wa usarifu wa picha (VisualEditor) haufanyi kazi kwenye maeneo haya ya kurasa za miradi (Project namespace), jambo linalotulazimu kutumia mfumo mgumu wa "Source Editor" (Wiki markup) hata kwa mambo madogo kama kutengeneza majedwali au muundo wa kurasa. Ili kurahisisha kazi kwa waratibu na wahariri wanaotengeneza kurasa hizi za kampeni, nimefungua tiketi kule Phabricator kuomba wataalamu wa Wikimedia Foundation watuwezeshe kutumia VisualEditor kwenye Project namespace ya swwiki. Wataalamu wa Phabricator wametujibu kuwa tayari wako tayari kufanya mabadiliko hayo, lakini kwa sheria za kiutaratibu, wanahitaji kuona Maridhiano ya Jumuia (Community Consensus) hapa uwanjani kwetu kwanza kabla hawajawasha mfumo huo. Wanatutanabahisha pia kuwa VisualEditor haikutengenezwa maalum kwa ajili ya kurasa za majadiliano, hivyo kunaweza kuwa na changamoto ndogo za mpangilio (kama indentations) tukiiitumia kwenye majadiliano ya miradi, jambo ambalo tunaona halitazuia ufanisi wa kazi kubwa ya kuratibu kurasa zenyewe za miradi. Tafadhali naomba kura zenu za Kuunga Mkono (Support) au maoni yenu hapa chini ili tukishapata ridhaa ya pamoja, nipeleke link ya mjadala huu Phabricator na mabadiliko haya yafanyike mara moja. Unaweza kuona tiketi hiyo Phabricator hapa: [[phab:T427117|⚓ T427117 Enable VisualEditor in the Project namespace for Swahili Wikipedia (swwiki)]] Pamoja tunajenga Wikipedia yetu! {{Strong support}}--[[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 09:07, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen|majadiliano]])''' 09:26, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}-- '''[[Mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|Husseyn Issa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|majadiliano]])''' 10:58, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) {{strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 14:16, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) 62li3lytssy64rivmig843ynvgxsxa9 1549900 1549807 2026-05-24T16:35:26Z ChriKo 35 /* Ombi la kuwezesha VisualEditor kwenye kurasa za mradi (Wikipedia Namespace) */ 1549900 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ * '''en:'''Welcome to the '''Swahili Wikipedia Village Pump!''' * '''sw:''' Ukurasa huu ni kwa ajili ya kuwasaidia watu wanaotaka kuboresha kamusi hii na kujadiliana mambo ya jumuiya yetu! * [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Matukio ya Kimataifa|Orodha ya Matukio ya Kimataifa]]:Unaweza kuangalia kalenda hiyo ya matukio ya kimataifa na ukipendezwa unaweza kushiriki tukio lolote iwapo utaona linakuhusu. Viungo vya jumuiya: {| class="wikitable" border="1" |- |[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]] <br/>'''Fungua hapa kuona kura kuhusu wakabidhi wapya!''' |[[Wikipedia:Makala kwa ufutaji]] |[[Wikipedia:Maboresho yanayohitajika]] |[http://tools.wmflabs.org/wikiviewstats/?locale=en&lang=sw&project=&page=&datefrom=2014-05-02&autofilter&type=world Makala zinazotembelewa sana leo hii] |[[Wikipedia:Kuzuia watumiaji]] |- |[[Wikipedia:Ubalozi]] |[[Wikipedia:Kundi la Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]] |[[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Daruser|Wikimedia Community User Group Tanzania]] |[[Wikipedia:Makala zilizoombwa]] |[https://xtools.wmcloud.org/ec Michango yote ya mtumiaji] (jaza jina) * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:CentralAuth?target= Angalia michango ya watumiaji]* [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&offset=&limit=500&type=newusers&user=&page=&wpdate=&tagfilter=&wpfilters%5B0%5D=newusers Watumiaji wapya] |} ==Kumbukumbu ya miaka iliyopita== <small>'''Majadiliano ya awali yamehamishiwa hapa:''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Kumbukumbu hadi Julai 2008]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu Julai 2008 hadi Desemba 2009]]''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu Desemba 2009 hadi Desemba 2011]]''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2012 hadi 2013]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2014]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2015]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2016]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2017]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2018-2019]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2020-2021-VI]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Kumbukumbu 2021-VI - 2022-I]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2022 - 2025 I]] </small> ==Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili== Kwa wote wanaopenda kutafakari na kujadiliana nasi namna ya kuendeleza wikipedia hii ya Kiswahili wakabidhi walianzisha kundi la '''[[meta:Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]]'''. Unaweza kujiandikisha pale kama umehariri hapa kwa muda wa mwaka moja angalau. ==Jamii / Kategoria== Ndugu zangu, kuna mtu amebadili ujumbe wa kusano kutoka JAMII kwenda kategoria. Kwa sasa inaonekana juu lakini baadaye itachukua nafasi. Huu ni uharibifu wa tafsiri. Tazama hapa: https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:1000 Inabidi tudhibiti mapema tafsiri zijadiliwe na wasemaji wa Kiswahili badala ya kikundi cha wahuni wanaojiita wafasiri. == Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025: Invitation == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:UCDM 2025 general.png|180px|right]] {{int:please-translate}} Hello, dear Wikipedians!<br/> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the fifth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''14th April''' until '''16th May 2025'''. The campaign is dedicated to famous Ukrainian artists of cinema, music, literature, architecture, design, and cultural phenomena of Ukraine that are now part of world heritage. We accept contributions in every language! The most active contesters will receive prizes. If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest. <br/> We invite you to take part and help us improve the coverage of Ukrainian culture on Wikipedia in your language! Also, we plan to set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in such a challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) </div> 16:11, 16 Aprili 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Hide on Rosé@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&oldid=28552112 --> == Vote now on the revised UCoC Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> The voting period for the revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines ("UCoC EG") and the UCoC's Coordinating Committee Charter is open now through the end of 1 May (UTC) ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 find in your time zone]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/2025/Voter_information|Read the information on how to participate and read over the proposal before voting]] on the UCoC page on Meta-wiki. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review of the EG and Charter was planned and implemented by the U4C. Further information will be provided in the coming months about the review of the UCoC itself. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well. In cooperation with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 00:34, 17 Aprili 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28469465 --> == Sub-referencing: User testing == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Sub-referencing reuse visual.png|400px|right]] <small>''Apologies for writing in English, please help us by providing a translation below''</small> Hi I’m Johannes from [[:m:Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]]'s [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes team]]. We are making great strides with the new [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing feature]] and we’d love to invite you to take part in two activities to help us move this work further: #'''Try it out and share your feedback''' #:[[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing# Test the prototype|Please try]] the updated ''wikitext'' feature [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Sub-referencing on the beta wiki] and let us know what you think, either [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|on our talk page]] or by [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/talktotechwish booking a call] with our UX researcher. #'''Get a sneak peak and help shape the ''Visual Editor'' user designs''' #:Help us test the new design prototypes by participating in user sessions – [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/gxk0taud/apply sign up here to receive an invite]. We're especially hoping to speak with people from underrepresented and diverse groups. If that's you, please consider signing up! No prior or extensive editing experience is required. User sessions will start ''May 14th''. We plan to bring this feature to Wikimedia wikis later this year. We’ll reach out to wikis for piloting in time for deployments. Creators and maintainers of reference-related tools and templates will be contacted beforehand as well. Thank you very much for your support and encouragement so far in helping bring this feature to life! </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|talk]])</bdi> 15:03, 28 Aprili 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johannes_Richter_(WMDE)/Sub-referencing/massmessage_list&oldid=28628657 --> == Pigia kura mapendekezo ya marekebisho ya Miongozo ya Utekelezaji ya UCoC na Mkataba wa U4C == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Kipindi cha kupigia kura marekebisho ya Mkataba wa Utekelezaji wa Kanuni za Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili na U4C itafungwa tarehe 1 Mei 2025 saa 23:59 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 angalia kwa saa za eneo lako]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025/Voter information|Soma maelezo kuhusu jinsi ya kushiriki na kusoma pendekezo kabla ya kupiga kura]] kwenye ukurasa wa UCoC kwenye Meta-wiki. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili (U4C)]] ni kikundi cha kimataifa kinachojitolea kutoa utekelezaji sawa na thabiti wa UCoC. Tathmini hii ya kila mwaka ilipangwa na kutekelezwa na U4C. Kwa maelezo zaidi na majukumu ya U4C, unaweza [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|kuupitia Mkataba wa U4C]]. Tafadhali washirikishe ujumbe huu wanajumuiya wenzako katika lugha yako, kadri utakavyoona inavyofaa, ili waweze kushiriki pia. Kwa ushirikiano na U4C -- <section end="announcement-content" /> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 03:41, 29 Aprili 2025 (UTC)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == We will be enabling the new Charts extension on your wiki soon! == ''(Apologies for posting in English)'' Hi all! We have good news to share regarding the ongoing problem with graphs and charts affecting all wikis that use them. As you probably know, the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|old Graph extension]] was disabled in 2023 [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EWL4AGBEZEDMNNFTM4FRD4MHOU3CVESO/|due to security reasons]]. We’ve worked in these two years to find a solution that could replace the old extension, and provide a safer and better solution to users who wanted to showcase graphs and charts in their articles. We therefore developed the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Charts extension]], which will be replacing the old Graph extension and potentially also the [[:mw:Extension:EasyTimeline|EasyTimeline extension]]. After successfully deploying the extension on Italian, Swedish, and Hebrew Wikipedia, as well as on MediaWiki.org, as part of a pilot phase, we are now happy to announce that we are moving forward with the next phase of deployment, which will also include your wiki. The deployment will happen in batches, and will start from '''May 6'''. Please, consult [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project#Deployment Timeline|our page on MediaWiki.org]] to discover when the new Charts extension will be deployed on your wiki. You can also [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|consult the documentation]] about the extension on MediaWiki.org. If you have questions, need clarifications, or just want to express your opinion about it, please refer to the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension_talk:Chart/Project|project’s talk page on Mediawiki.org]], or ping me directly under this thread. If you encounter issues using Charts once it gets enabled on your wiki, please report it on the [[:mw:Extension_talk:Chart/Project|talk page]] or at [[phab:tag/charts|Phabricator]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:07, 6 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=28663781 --> == Vandalism == I suppose the two pictures in the text [[Adidas]] are simple vandalism and do not make sence in the text. But not being active in this wikipedia, I don't know how to attract more attention to the doubtful edit of march 2023. :Nadhani picha mbili katika maandishi [[Adidas]] ni uharibifu rahisi na hazina maana katika maandishi. Lakini kutokuwa hai katika wikipedia hii, sijui jinsi ya kuvutia umakini zaidi kwa uhariri wa shaka wa Machi 2023. --'''[[Mtumiaji:ThomasPusch|ThomasPusch]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ThomasPusch|majadiliano]])''' 12:06, 12 Mei 2025 (UTC) :It has been fixed! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 12:20, 12 Mei 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Call for Candidates for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> The results of voting on the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter is [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025#Results|available on Meta-wiki]]. You may now [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025/Candidates|submit your candidacy to serve on the U4C]] through 29 May 2025 at 12:00 UTC. Information about [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|eligibility, process, and the timeline are on Meta-wiki]]. Voting on candidates will open on 1 June 2025 and run for two weeks, closing on 15 June 2025 at 12:00 UTC. If you have any questions, you can ask on [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|the discussion page for the election]]. -- in cooperation with the U4C, </div><section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|majadiliano]])</bdi> 22:07, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == Changes to the way some users are granted the right to see temporary account IP addresses == Hello! This is the [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety_Product|Trust and Safety Product]] team. We would like to share that we have decided to change the requirements for access to temporary account IP addresses. '''The impact on your community will be minimal'''. We are planning on implementing the change in the week of May 26 ([[phab:T393358|T393358]] + [[phab:T393360|T393360]] + [[phab:T390942|T390942]]). I will keep you updated about the details. We are only changing the rules for users who do not have extended rights (e.g. admins, bureaucrats, checkusers – [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Wikimedia_Access_to_Temporary_Account_IP_Addresses_Policy#requirements-for-access|see the policy for more examples]]) but their account is a minimum of 6 months old, and who have made a minimum of 300 edits on this wiki. They will lose access to IP addresses ([[phab:T393360|T393360]]), and to have it back, '''they will need to apply for the right. Admins or stewards will decide whether to grant it''' ([[phab:T390942|T390942]]). This will entail human manual work, but this method will be safer than if we continued to grant the rights automatically. We want to emphasize that there has been no user who wouldn't have extended rights to ever reveal a temporary account's IP addresses on your wiki. We made this decision based on what we heard from you, piloting wikis, particularly Romanian Wikipedians. We also consulted on options with Stewards, and had discussions on Meta-Wiki and about 20 Wikipedias with large communities. When we deploy temporary accounts to more wikis, we will evaluate the impact and may adjust our approach again. In addition, we'd like you to know that requirements for access to the [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety_Product/IP_Info|IP Info]] feature will be identical with the ones for access to the temporary accounts' IP addresses (a user will either have full information or none). '''The rationale for the change''' We chose the current numerical thresholds and automatic granting before deploying temporary accounts on any wiki. However, it’s become clear to us that these requirements are quite low and it is still too easy for bad-faith actors to gain access to temporary account IP addresses. We want temporary accounts to meaningfully improve editor privacy, so we need to be more restrictive. Our goal is to more consistently limit IP address access to only those who need it. '''How will this work''' * When a user without extended rights needs to view temporary account IP addresses, they will need to file a request for being added to the "Temporary account IP viewers" group. They will file the request to admins (the local communities will be able to decide what that process will be) or stewards (for wikis without local admins). * The software will require that the user has at least 300 edits and the account since at least 6 months. Admins and stewards will not be able to grant temporary account IP access to accounts that do not meet that criteria. This is a minimum, and we encourage you to enforce higher thresholds. * The user reviewing the request will check if the user applying for the right meets requirements and that they have provided a valid justification. The right itself will be granted through Special:UserRights. * Users who grant requests for the right will also handle removal of the right. We would also like to clarify some details. For your convenience, we will also document some of it in [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/FAQ|the project FAQ]]. {{hidden|Access to IP addresses|bg1=background-color:#eee;|2 = * '''Separation of the new right''' (checkuser-temporary-account) out to a new group ([[metawiki:Meta:Temporary_account_IP_viewer|Temporary account IP viewers]]), as opposed to technically attaching it to any [[Special:ListGroupRights|existing group]] (like patroller). We have decided to do this for a few reasons: ** '''Having access to IP addresses carries risk'''. This right is similar to checkuser. IP addresses are considered personally identifiable information (a kind of [[:en:personal data|personal data]]). Outside actors who want to access IP addresses will now need to interact with users who have this right. Users with this right should be aware of this, and alert to the possibility of suspicious access requests. ** '''Good practices for privacy protection'''. Giving access to users who are trusted but do not need access to carry on their work is not in line with good practices for processing personal data. ** '''Removal of right'''. Access to IPs will be [[phab:T325658|logged]] ([https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Log?type=checkuser-temporary-account example]). If any misuse of this right is detected, it can be taken away separately from any other permissions the user may hold. It would be difficult and sometimes also unreasonable to remove the rights unrelated to access to IP addresses. ** You may grant the new right to all users belonging to a certain existing group individually. These users must meet the criteria for Temporary account IP viewers, though. ** For clarity – all this does not affect administrators, bureaucrats, checkusers, stewards, and other groups mentioned in the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|global policy]]. * '''Activity requirement'''. With regards to users who would need to be granted access manually, the policy says that they "must edit or take a logged action to the local project at least once within a 365-day period". This requirement is not changing. }} {{hidden|Process of granting the right|bg1=background-color:#eee;|2 = * '''Formality of granting the right'''. There is no need for discussions or votes like Request for Adminship. It does suffice if a single admin makes a decision using their own judgement. * '''Additional requirements for the users applying for the right'''. ** You have autonomy over the process for granting the right. You can adopt thresholds higher than 300 edits, or disallow the "non-admin+" users to have the right. The granting process can be as basic or elaborate as you deem appropriate. ** Which criteria admins should take when deciding whether to grant the right – how to tell whether a user needs access to IP addresses? There are no mandatory requirements beyond a minimum of 300 edits and a 6 month old account. You may introduce additional criteria related to trust to the user (such as no prior blocks or copyright violations) or experience in patrolling activities. * '''Additional burden on administrators'''. We understand the toil of having to grant and remove an additional right. This is indeed a downside. We think that it will only have to be a one-time effort to grant this right to a larger number of people. We are curious if you can find ways to limit this burden. }} '''Next steps on your side we would like to suggest''' * We are encouraging you to consider '''adopting a policy''' on granting and removing the right, if you think you need to add anything to the global policy. * We are encouraging you to '''start granting the right'''. Considering our data (up to a few non-functionaries have ever revealed temporary account IP addresses here), we believe you don't need to rush or spend a lot of time preparing for this before the change comes into force, though. * We would like to show you what level of wiki-bureaucracy seems sufficient from our point of view. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=28667152 In the sandbox], we have created a draft of what a page with requests for the flag could look like. Of course the final content of the page will depend on your community. We do not want to imply that we are instructing you on this matter. Let us know if you have any questions. Thank you! [[metawiki:User:NKohli_(WMF)|NKohli (WMF)]] and '''[[Mtumiaji:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 02:27, 16 Mei 2025 (UTC) == RfC ongoing regarding Abstract Wikipedia (and your project) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''(Apologies for posting in English, if this is not your first language)'' Hello all! We opened a discussion on Meta about a very delicate issue for the development of [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia]]: where to store the abstract content that will be developed through functions from Wikifunctions and data from Wikidata. Since some of the hypothesis involve your project, we wanted to hear your thoughts too. We want to make the decision process clear: we do not yet know which option we want to use, which is why we are consulting here. We will take the arguments from the Wikimedia communities into account, and we want to consult with the different communities and hear arguments that will help us with the decision. The decision will be made and communicated after the consultation period by the Foundation. You can read the various hypothesis and have your say at [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content|Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 15:27, 22 Mei 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=28768453 --> == Uchaguzi wa Bodi ya Wadhamini ya Wikimedia Foundation mwaka 2025 na Wito wa Maswali == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Wapendwa wote, Mwaka huu, Muda wa Wadhamini 2 (wawili) waliochaguliwa na jumuiya na Washirika kwenye Bodi ya Wadhamini ya Shirika la Wikimedia Foundation utakamilika [1]. Bodi inakaribisha harakati nzima kushiriki katika mchakato wa uteuzi wa mwaka huu na kupiga kura kujaza viti hivyo. Kamati ya Uchaguzi inasimamia mchakato huu kwa msaada kutoka kwa wafanyakazi wa Shirika [2]. Kamati ya Utawala inayoundwa na wadhamini ambao si wagombea katika mchakato wa uteuzi wa wadhamini waliochaguliwa na jumuiya na washirika wa mwaka 2025 (Raju Narisetti, Shani Evenstein Sigalov, Lorenzo Losa, Kathy Collins, Victoria Doronina na Esra’a Al Shafei) [3], ina jukumu la kutoa usimamizi wa Bodi ya wadhamini kwa ajili ya kuweka taarifa kwa Bodi ya wadhamini. Maelezo zaidi kuhusu majukumu ya Kamati ya Uchaguzi, Bodi, na wafanyakazi yako hapa [4]. Hapa kuna tarehe kuu zilizopangwa: * Mei 22 – Juni 5: Tangazo (mawasiliano hayo) na mwito wa kipindi cha maswali * Juni 17 – Julai 1, 2025: Wito wa wagombea * Julai 2025: Ikihitajika, washirika hupigia kura wagombea waliopo kwenye orodha fupi ikiwa 10 au zaidi wataomba [5] * Agosti 2025: Kipindi cha kampeni * Agosti – Septemba 2025: Kipindi cha wiki mbili cha kupiga kura kwa jumuiya * Oktoba – Novemba 2025: Ukaguzi wa usuli wa watahiniwa waliochaguliwa * Mkutano wa Bodi mnamo Decemba 2025: Wadhamini wapya wamekaa kwenye kiti Jifunze zaidi kuhusu uchaguzi wa 2025 - ikiwa ni pamoja na ratiba ya kina ya matukio, mchakato wa kugombea, sheria za kampeni na vigezo vya kustahiki kwa mpiga kura - kwenye ukurasa huu wa Meta-wiki [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025|[kiungo]]]. '''Wito wa Maswali''' Katika kila mchakato wa uchaguzi, jumuiya ina fursa ya kuwasilisha maswali kwa wagombea wa Bodi ya Wadhamini kujibu. Kamati ya Uchaguzi huchagua maswali kutoka kwenye orodha iliyoandaliwa na jumuiya ili wagombea wajibu. Wagombea lazima wajibu maswali yote yanayohitajika katika maombi ili kustahiki; vinginevyo maombi yao yatakataliwa. Mwaka huu, Kamati ya Uchaguzi itachagua maswali 5 kwa wagombea kujibu. Maswali yaliyochaguliwa yanaweza kuwa mchanganyiko wa yale yaliyowasilishwa kutoka kwa jumuiya, ikiwa yanafanana au yanahusiana. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates|[kiungo]]] '''Watu wa kujitolea katika uchaguzi''' Njia nyingine ya kuhusika katika mchakato wa uchaguzi wa mwaka 2025 ni kuwa Mtu wa Kujitolea katika Uchaguzi. Watu wa Kujitolea katika Uchaguzi ni daraja kati ya Kamati ya Uchaguzi na jumuiya zao. Wanasaidia kuhakikisha jumuiya inawakilishwa na kuwahamasisha kupiga kura. Jifunze zaidi kuhusu mpango na jinsi ya kujiunga kwenye ukurasa huu wa Meta-wiki [[m:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Election_volunteers|[kiungo]]]. Asante! [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Results [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Committee:Elections_Committee_Charter [3] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resolution:Committee_Membership,_December_2024 [4] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Roles [5] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/FAQ [6] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates Salamu sana, Victoria Doronina Uhusiano wa Bodi na Kamati ya Uchaguzi Kamati ya Utawala<section end="announcement-content" /> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 03:08, 28 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == U4C case - conclusion == Hello Swahili community, <br /> first of all I would like to apologize for writing in English, an automatic translation in Swahili will follow but we are aware that automatic translations in your language are not very good so we will need your help to make sure that the text is understandable. On 21 December 2024 a request to U4C was filed here: [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Cases/Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia]]. Some deadlines were extended and we are aware that it took us a long time to conclude the case. I will report our conclusion below in English and with translation in Swahili. I will add also a translation in Italian which is a language one of your most active users (sysop and bureaucrat) is familiar with. Please contact the committee for any clarification needed. As a coordinating committee we would also like to offer our support if you need help with the requested actions. === U4C Motion === (The original text with votes is here: [[:m:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Cases/Sysop_abuse_in_Swahili_Wikipedia#Motions]]) According to UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), Swahili is among the 10 most widely spoken languages in the world, with more than 200 million speakers and it is one of the ''lingua franca'' in many countries within East, Central and Southern Africa as well as in the Middle East. According to Wikipedia ([[:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), Swahili is one of the national languages in Tanzania, Kenya, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Burundi, Uganda, it is an official language of Rwanda, in some areas of Somalia and is spoken in other areas in the African Great Lakes region and East and Southern Africa. With the exception of Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda, in all the countries where Swahili is national language, homosexuality is not only illegal (in some cases - Uganda - with death penalty as punishment) but apparent "promotion" of homosexuality is also severely punished. More about this in following links: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C requested a legal opinion to assess what risks editors and administrators residing in those countries could face in editing or restoring content which may be considered to "promote" homosexuality even if for Wikimedian (or Western) standards that content would not be considered promotional but only neutral or descriptive. The U4C's priorities in this case are: *Protect local users, especially advanced right holders who could be misinterpreted as "responsible" for the content of a project *Protect all the readers and their right to have neutral and informative content '''U4C Actions''' # Recommend that the Swahili Wikipedia community work on a guideline about Neutral Point of View (Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) and a guideline about reliable sources (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). The U4C will review progress in 6 months.<br /> # Recommend that the community seek local expertise on how it is permissible to educate a reader about topics related to LGBTQ issues without violating laws in Swahili-speaking countries and at the same time avoiding discrimination (as per the UCoC). Use this information to support NPOV on these topics. # Recommend that the community start discussing on dealing with local appeals and creating a procedure for this compliant with the [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines]]. # Recommend that the community define a list of pages or "contentious topics" (starting from LGBTQ topics) where, once created, the above mentioned policies are particularly used/applied more strictly. At the same time: *Administrators on Swahili Wikipedia (swwiki) are topic banned from LGBTQ related pages, with admin actions related to content and conduct moderation delegated to Stewards and Global sysops (any interventions can be requested on Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] or [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Here is a non-exhaustive list of pages that are covered: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Homosexuality, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Same sex marriage, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Once the recommended measures as described above are set up, swwiki admins may appeal to the topic ban. === Translation in Swahili === ''This is an automatic translation, please kindly fix mistakes or parts which need clarification.'' Kulingana na UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), Kiswahili ni miongoni mwa lugha 10 zinazozungumzwa na watu wengi zaidi duniani, ikiwa na wazungumzaji zaidi ya milioni 200 na ni mojawapo ya ''lingua franca'' katika nchi nyingi za Mashariki, Kati na Kusini mwa Afrika na pia Mashariki ya Kati. Kwa mujibu wa Wikipedia ([[:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), Kiswahili ni mojawapo ya lugha za kitaifa nchini Tanzania, Kenya, Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo, Burundi, Uganda, ni lugha rasmi ya Rwanda, katika baadhi ya maeneo ya Somalia na inazungumzwa katika maeneo mengine katika eneo la Maziwa Makuu ya Afrika na Afrika Mashariki na Kusini. Isipokuwa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo na Rwanda, katika nchi zote ambako Kiswahili ni lugha ya taifa, ushoga sio tu ni kinyume cha sheria (katika baadhi ya matukio - Uganda - na adhabu ya kifo kama adhabu) lakini "kukuza" kwa ushoga pia kunaadhibiwa vikali. Zaidi kuhusu hili katika viungo vifuatavyo: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C iliomba maoni ya kisheria ili kutathmini hatari ambazo wahariri na wasimamizi wanaoishi katika nchi hizo wanaweza kukabiliana nazo katika kuhariri au kurejesha maudhui ambayo yanaweza kuchukuliwa kuwa "kukuza" ushoga hata kama kwa viwango vya Wikimedian (au Magharibi) maudhui hayo hayatachukuliwa kuwa ya utangazaji bali yasiyoegemea upande wowote au maelezo. Vipaumbele vya U4C katika kesi hii ni: *Linda watumiaji wa ndani, haswa wamiliki wa haki wa hali ya juu ambao wanaweza kutafsiriwa vibaya kama "wajibiki" kwa maudhui ya mradi. *Linda wasomaji wote na haki yao ya kuwa na maudhui yasiyoegemea upande wowote na yenye taarifa '''Vitendo vya U4C''' # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya ya Wikipedia ya Kiswahili ifanyie kazi mwongozo kuhusu Mtazamo wa Kuegemea (Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) na mwongozo kuhusu vyanzo vya kuaminika (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). U4C itakagua maendeleo baada ya miezi 6.<br /> # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya itafute utaalamu wa ndani kuhusu jinsi inavyoruhusiwa kuelimisha msomaji kuhusu mada zinazohusiana na masuala ya LGBTQ bila kukiuka sheria katika nchi zinazozungumza Kiswahili na wakati huo huo kuepuka ubaguzi (kulingana na UCoC). Tumia habari hii kusaidia NPOV kwenye mada hizi. # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya ianze kujadiliana kuhusu kushughulikia rufaa za eneo lako na kuunda utaratibu wa kutii [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines|Mwongozo wa Utekelezaji]]. # Pendekeza kwamba jumuia ifafanue orodha ya kurasa au "mada zinazogombana" (kuanzia mada za LGBTQ) ambapo, mara tu zikiundwa, sera zilizotajwa hapo juu hutumiwa/hutumiwa kwa ukali zaidi. Wakati huo huo: *Wasimamizi kwenye Wikipedia ya Kiswahili (swwiki) wamepigwa marufuku kwenye kurasa zinazohusiana na LGBTQ, huku vitendo vya wasimamizi vinavyohusiana na udhibiti wa maudhui na maadili vimekabidhiwa kwa Stewards na Global sysops (afua zozote zinaweza kuombwa kwenye Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] au [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Hapa kuna orodha isiyo kamili ya kurasa ambazo zimefunikwa: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Ushoga, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Ndoa ya jinsia moja, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Baada ya hatua zilizopendekezwa kama ilivyoelezwa hapo juu kusanidiwa, wasimamizi wa swwiki wanaweza kukata rufaa dhidi ya marufuku ya mada. {{hidden | style = border: 1px black; width: 100%; | headerstyle = background:#f5f5f5 | contentstyle = | header = Translation in Italian/Tafsiri katika Kiitaliano | content = Secondo l'UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), lo Swahili è tra le 10 lingue più parlate al mondo con oltre 200 milioni di persone che lo parlano ed è una "lingue franche" in diversi paese dell'Africa orientale, centrale e meridionale nonché nel Medio-Oriente. Secondo Wikipedia ([[:en:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), lo Swahili è una delle lingue nazionali in Tanzania, Kenya, Repubblica Democratica del Congo, Burundi, Uganda, è lingua ufficiale in Ruanda, in alcune aree della Somalia ed è abitualmente usato in altre aree della regione dei Grandi Laghi e dell'Africa Orientale e meridionale. Con l'eccezione della Repubblica Democratica del Congo e del Ruanda, in tutti i paese in cui lo Swahili è lingua nazionale, l'omosessualità non è solo illegale (in alcuni casi, come l'Uganda, è punita con la pena di morte) ma anche l'apparente promozione dell'omosessualità è severamente punita. Maggiori informazioni nei seguenti link: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C ha richiesto un parere legale per individuare quali rischi corrano i volontari e amministratori residenti in questi paese nell'effettuare modifiche o ripristinare contenuti che possono essere considerati promozionali dell'omosessualità anche se per standard Wikimediani (o del mondo occidentale) non sono considerati promozionali ma solo descrittivi o neutrali. Nel trattare questo caso le priorità dello U4C sono: *Tutelare gli utenti locali, specialmente coloro con diritti addizionali che possono essere erroneamente considerati come "responsabili" dei contenuti di un progetto *Tutelare i lettori e il loro diritto ad avere informazioni e contenuti neutrali '''In considerazione di ciò U4C''' # Raccomanda che la comunità della Wikipedia in Swahili lavori sulla creazione di linee guida sul punto di vista neutrale (Neutral Point of View - Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) e su una linea guida dedicata alle fonti attendibili e al loro uso (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). U4C verificherà i progressi fra 6 mesi.<br /> # Raccomanda che la comunità ricerchi informazioni o consulenza locale su come fornire contenuti informativi sui temi collegati a LGBTQ senza violare leggi nei paesi di lingua Swahili ma allo stesso tempo senza discriminare (ai sensi di UCoC). Le informazioni ottenute andranno a supporto della linea guida sul punto di vista neutrale sull'argomento. # Raccomanda che la comunità inizi una discussione sulla gestione locale degli appelli ai blocchi e su una procedura degli stessi conforme alle linee guida sull'applicazione del codice di condotta [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines]]. # Raccomanda che la comunità definisca una lista di pagine di "argomenti controversi" (partendo dal tema LGBTQ) dove, una volta create le linee guida del punto 1, queste vengano usate e applicate con particolare rigore. Allo stesso tempo: *Gli amministratori della Wikipedia in Swahili hanno un topic ban (blocco selettivo su tema specifico) dalle pagine riguardanti tematiche LGBTQ, gli interventi amministrativi legati alla moderazione di condotta e contenuto sono delegate agli Steward e ai Global sysop (gli interventi possono essere richiesti nelle pagine su Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] oppure [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Di seguito una lista non esasustiva delle pagine coinvolte: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Homosexuality, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Same sex marriage, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Una volta che i rimedi raccomandati descritti nei punti più sopra sono stati attuati gli amministratori di swwiki possono richiedere la rimozione del topic ban. }} On behalf of U4C, '''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 13:23, 31 Mei 2025 (UTC) == Vote now in the 2025 U4C Election == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{Int:Please-translate}} Eligible voters are asked to participate in the 2025 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] election. More information–including an eligibility check, voting process information, candidate information, and a link to the vote–are available on Meta at the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2025|2025 Election information page]]. The vote closes on 17 June 2025 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1750161600 12:00 UTC]. Please vote if your account is eligible. Results will be available by 1 July 2025. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 23:01, 13 Juni 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28848819 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2025 - Call for Candidates</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div> Hello all, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|call for candidates for the 2025 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees selection is now open]] from June 17, 2025 – July 2, 2025 at 11:59 UTC [1]. The Board of Trustees oversees the Wikimedia Foundation's work, and each Trustee serves a three-year term [2]. This is a volunteer position. This year, the Wikimedia community will vote in late August through September 2025 to fill two (2) seats on the Foundation Board. Could you – or someone you know – be a good fit to join the Wikimedia Foundation's Board of Trustees? [3] Learn more about what it takes to stand for these leadership positions and how to submit your candidacy on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidate application|this Meta-wiki page]] or encourage someone else to run in this year's election. Best regards, Abhishek Suryawanshi<br /> Chair of the Elections Committee On behalf of the Elections Committee and Governance Committee [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Call_for_candidates [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Bylaws#(B)_Term. [3] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Resources_for_candidates<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 17:44, 17 Juni 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28866958 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Sister Projects Task Force reviews Wikispore and Wikinews</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="message"/> Dear Wikimedia Community, The [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs Committee (CAC)]] of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees assigned [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Sister Projects Task Force|the Sister Projects Task Force (SPTF)]] to update and implement a procedure for assessing the lifecycle of Sister Projects – wiki [[m:Wikimedia projects|projects supported by Wikimedia Foundation (WMF)]]. A vision of relevant, accessible, and impactful free knowledge has always guided the Wikimedia Movement. As the ecosystem of Wikimedia projects continues to evolve, it is crucial that we periodically review existing projects to ensure they still align with our goals and community capacity. Despite their noble intent, some projects may no longer effectively serve their original purpose. '''Reviewing such projects is not about giving up – it's about responsible stewardship of shared resources'''. Volunteer time, staff support, infrastructure, and community attention are finite, and the non-technical costs tend to grow significantly as our ecosystem has entered a different age of the internet than the one we were founded in. Supporting inactive projects or projects that didn't meet our ambitions can unintentionally divert these resources from areas with more potential impact. Moreover, maintaining projects that no longer reflect the quality and reliability of the Wikimedia name stands for, involves a reputational risk. An abandoned or less reliable project affects trust in the Wikimedia movement. Lastly, '''failing to sunset or reimagine projects that are no longer working can make it much harder to start new ones'''. When the community feels bound to every past decision – no matter how outdated – we risk stagnation. A healthy ecosystem must allow for evolution, adaptation, and, when necessary, letting go. If we create the expectation that every project must exist indefinitely, we limit our ability to experiment and innovate. Because of this, SPTF reviewed two requests concerning the lifecycle of the Sister Projects to work through and demonstrate the review process. We chose Wikispore as a case study for a possible new Sister Project opening and Wikinews as a case study for a review of an existing project. Preliminary findings were discussed with the CAC, and a community consultation on both proposals was recommended. === Wikispore === The [[m:Wikispore|application to consider Wikispore]] was submitted in 2019. SPTF decided to review this request in more depth because rather than being concentrated on a specific topic, as most of the proposals for the new Sister Projects are, Wikispore has the potential to nurture multiple start-up Sister Projects. After careful consideration, the SPTF has decided '''not to recommend''' Wikispore as a Wikimedia Sister Project. Considering the current activity level, the current arrangement allows '''better flexibility''' and experimentation while WMF provides core infrastructural support. We acknowledge the initiative's potential and seek community input on what would constitute a sufficient level of activity and engagement to reconsider its status in the future. As part of the process, we shared the decision with the Wikispore community and invited one of its leaders, Pharos, to an SPTF meeting. Currently, we especially invite feedback on measurable criteria indicating the project's readiness, such as contributor numbers, content volume, and sustained community support. This would clarify the criteria sufficient for opening a new Sister Project, including possible future Wikispore re-application. However, the numbers will always be a guide because any number can be gamed. === Wikinews === We chose to review Wikinews among existing Sister Projects because it is the one for which we have observed the highest level of concern in multiple ways. Since the SPTF was convened in 2023, its members have asked for the community's opinions during conferences and community calls about Sister Projects that did not fulfil their promise in the Wikimedia movement.[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WCNA_2024._Sister_Projects_-_opening%3F_closing%3F_merging%3F_splitting%3F.pdf <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Community_Affairs_Committee/Sister_Projects_Task_Force#Wikimania_2023_session_%22Sister_Projects:_past,_present_and_the_glorious_future%22 <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F <nowiki>[3]</nowiki>] Wikinews was the leading candidate for an evaluation because people from multiple language communities proposed it. Additionally, by most measures, it is the least active Sister Project, with the greatest drop in activity over the years. While the Language Committee routinely opens and closes language versions of the Sister Projects in small languages, there has never been a valid proposal to close Wikipedia in major languages or any project in English. This is not true for Wikinews, where there was a proposal to close English Wikinews, which gained some traction but did not result in any action[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Proposals_for_closing_projects/Closure_of_English_Wikinews <nowiki>[4]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F <nowiki>[5]</nowiki>, see section 5] as well as a draft proposal to close all languages of Wikinews[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:Proposals_for_closing_projects/Archive_2#Close_Wikinews_completely,_all_languages? <nowiki>[6]</nowiki>]. [[:c:File:Sister Projects Taskforce Wikinews review 2024.pdf|Initial metrics]] compiled by WMF staff also support the community's concerns about Wikinews. Based on this report, SPTF recommends a community reevaluation of Wikinews. We conclude that its current structure and activity levels are the lowest among the existing sister projects. SPTF also recommends pausing the opening of new language editions while the consultation runs. SPTF brings this analysis to a discussion and welcomes discussions of alternative outcomes, including potential restructuring efforts or integration with other Wikimedia initiatives. '''Options''' mentioned so far (which might be applied to just low-activity languages or all languages) include but are not limited to: *Restructure how Wikinews works and is linked to other current events efforts on the projects, *Merge the content of Wikinews into the relevant language Wikipedias, possibly in a new namespace, *Merge content into compatibly licensed external projects, *Archive Wikinews projects. Your insights and perspectives are invaluable in shaping the future of these projects. We encourage all interested community members to share their thoughts on the relevant discussion pages or through other designated feedback channels. === Feedback and next steps === We'd be grateful if you want to take part in a conversation on the future of these projects and the review process. We are setting up two different project pages: [[m:Public consultation about Wikispore|Public consultation about Wikispore]] and [[m:Public consultation about Wikinews|Public consultation about Wikinews]]. Please participate between 27 June 2025 and 27 July 2025, after which we will summarize the discussion to move forward. You can write in your own language. I will also host a community conversation 16th July Wednesday 11.00 UTC and 17th July Thursday 17.00 UTC (call links to follow shortly) and will be around at Wikimania for more discussions. <section end="message"/> </div> -- [[User:Victoria|Victoria]] on behalf of the Sister Project Task Force, 20:57, 27 Juni 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Sister_project_MassMassage_on_behalf_of_Victoria/Target_list&oldid=28911188 --> == Wikidata Item and Property labels soon displayed in Wiki Watchlist/Recent Changes == ''(Apologies for posting in English, you can help by translating into your language)'' Hello everyone, the [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects]] team is excited to announce an upcoming change in how Wikidata edit changelogs are displayed in your [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlists]] and [[Special:RecentChanges|Recent Changes]] lists. If an edit is made on Wikidata that affects a page in another Wikimedia Project, the changelog will contain some information about the nature of the edit. This can include a QID (or Q-number), a PID (or P-number) and a value (which can be text, numbers, dates, or also QID or PID’s). Confused by these terms? See the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Glossary|Wikidata:Glossary]] for further explanations. The upcoming change is scheduled for '''17.07.2025''', between '''1300 - 1500 UTC'''. The change will display the label (item name) alongside any QID or PIDs, as seen in the image below: [[File:Apr10 edit summary on Wikidata.png|An edit sum entry on Wikidata, labels display alongside their P- and Q-no.'s]] These changes will only be visible if you have Wikidata edits enabled in your User Preferences for Watchlists and Recent Changes, or have the active filter ‘Wikidata edits’ checkbox toggled on, directly on the Watchlist and Recent Changes pages. Your bot and gadget may be affected! There are thousands of bots, gadgets and user-scripts and whilst we have researched potential effects to many of them, we cannot guarantee there won’t be some that are broken or affected by this change. Further information and context about this change, including how your bot may be affected can be found on this [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|project task page]]. We welcome your questions and feedback, please write to us on this dedicated [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Talk page]]. Thank you, - [[m:User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] on behalf of the Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects Team. '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 12:46, 14 Julai 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_Test_List&oldid=28981877 --> == Boti ya kukaribisha ya [[user:AmmarBot|Ammar]] == Ndugu zangu wanaWikipedia. Hivi karibuni, nikiwa huko jijini Nairobi, nilikutana na Ammar. Kijana wa Kihausa kutoka nchini Nigeria. Katika maongezi yetu, tukafikia hatua ya kuzungumzia boti za kukaribisha watu. Kijana huyu alikubali kutumia muda wake mchache kuunda boti ya kukaribisha watu. Hivyo basi kila kibarua cha karibu kila wakati kimetuishia. Tafadhalini msipoteza muda wenu kukaribisha watu. Boti itafanya kazi. Tazameni: [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum%3AMichango&target=AmmarBot&namespace=all&tagfilter=&start=&end=&limit=50 Hapa] [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 13:45, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :Hii nzuri! '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 15:02, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) ::Ila BOT atachukua muda gani tangu mgeni kajiunga hadi atakapokaribishwa? '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 15:02, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Introducing Paste Check: a new Edit Check for Wikipedia == Hello! Sorry for using English language. {{int:please-translate}}. {{int:Thank-you}} Paste Check is a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|Edit Check]] feature to help avoid and fight copyright violations. When editors paste text into an article, Paste Check can prompt them to confirm the origin and licensing of the content. '''Why Paste Check?''' Paste Check benefits two audiences: * Newcomers: Many new editors are unaware of Wikipedia’s policies regarding copyright violations. Some mistakenly believe that pasting from what they consider reliable sources is the way to edit. * Experienced editors: Paste Check aims to make it easier to identify and patrol edits that may contain pasted content (which can be either legit or copyright violations), helping us save time. The goal is to reduce the rate of copyright violations by at least 10% among newer editors. '''How it works''' By default, Paste Check will be shown to editors who have published 100 or fewer edits locally. When an editor matching this requirement pastes at least 50 characters of text from somewhere else, Paste Check will ask them to confirm if they wrote the content. Two options are then available: * Keep the text – the user is then asked to explain why. * Remove the text – the text is removed. In both cases, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tags|edits will be tagged]] so that experienced editors can identify edits in which Paste Check was shown. The tag will be visible even if the final edit didn’t include any pasted text. Paste Check will trigger when text is pasted a source it doesn’t recognize as another editing environment. It won’t show up if the editor has pasted text that we can technically recognize is coming from another MediaWiki visual editor instance, MS Office, Libre Office, Google Docs, or is plain text. To start, Paste Check will only work in the visual editor. '''Get involved''' The Editing team is seeking input on the proposed user experience and configuration. We plan to test the following interface with new users ([https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&showMessage=editcheck-dialog-addref-reject-question&group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw-editcheck&language=&filter=&optional=1&action=translate please help translating it]):   [[File:Paste_Check_interface_for_September_2025's_test.png|575x575px]] We're planning to refine this interface over time, but want to start by launching a test so that we can determine whether the check is useful. We presented this interface to people who don't participate in Wikipedia, and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Paste Check#Qualitative evaluation|they found it practical and easy to understand]]. As a consequence, we would like to start by showing the feature to a fraction of newcomers for approximately 6 weeks. After this point, we will review the experiment results and decide what to do next. '''Configuration and test''' For experienced users, Paste Check will be configurable by the local communities (e.g. edit count thresholds, ignored sections and namespaces). Edits triggering Paste Check will be marked with the tag <code>editcheck-paste-shown</code> for easier tracking. You can try the proposed Paste Check interface: * visit https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/w/index.php?title=Cats&veaction=edit&ecenable=2 * Paste 50 characters or more from an external source, such as a website, to see the prompt. Your feedback is valuable! Please share your thoughts below, and ping me. {{int:Thank-you}} [[user:Trizek_(WMF)|Trizek_(WMF)]] 13:47, 18 Septemba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Trizek_(WMF)/sandbox/temp_MassMessage_list&oldid=29293687 --> :This test is planned to start on this Wednesday, 8 October. Let me know if you have any question! '''[[Mtumiaji:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Trizek (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 15:31, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Hivi karibuni Wiki yenu itakuwa kwenye mfumo wa kutoharirika. == <section begin="server-switch"/><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Soma ujumbe huu kupitia lugha nyingine]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] [[foundation:|Shirika la Wikimedia]] litafanya mbadilishano wa taarifa baina ya vituo vyake vya data. Hii itahakikisha kuwa Wikipedia na Wiki nyingine za Wikimedia zinabaki mtandaoni hata likitokea janga. Mbadilishano wa taarifa utafanyika: '''{{#time:j xg|2025-09-24|sw}}'''. Mbadilishano utaanza $muda huu: Inasikitisha kwamba, kutokana na vipingamizi kwenye [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], uhariri wa kila namna itabidi usitishwe wakati wa mbadilishano. Tunaomba radhi kwa mvurugiko huo, na tunafanya juhudi kupunguza kutokea kwa adha kama hiyo siku za ver. Bango litaanikizwa kwenye Wiki zote dakika 30 kabla ya kuanza kwa mchakato. Bango litabaki likionekana mpaka operesheni itapofikia mwisho. <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">You can contribute to the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=Centralnotice-tgroup-read_only_banner&task=view&language=&filter=&action=translate translation or proofreading] of this banner text.</span> '''Mtaweza kusoma, lakini si kuhariri, kwenye Wiki zote, kwa kipindi kifupi.''' *Hutoweza kuhariri kwa takriban saa moja {{#time:l j xg Y|2025-09-24|sw}}. *Ukijaribu kuhariri na kuhifadhi kwenye nyakati his, utaona ujumbe kukujulisha kuwa umekosea. Tunanatumaini kuwa hakuna maharirio yatakayopotea kwenye dakika hizo, lakini hatuwezi kuahidi. Ukiona ujumbe unaokuarifu kuwa unakosea, basi tafadhali subiri hadi iwe ya kawaida. Baadae utaweza kuhifadhi kuhifadhi maharirio yako. Kakini, tunashauri uweke kwanza nakala ya mabadiliko uliyofanya, kwa tahadhari tu. ''Athari nyingine '' *Shughuli za nyuma ya pazia zitakuwa za taratibu sana, na nyingine zinaweza kuachwa. Viungo vyekundu vinaweza vikasasishwa polepole kuliko kawaida. Ukianzisha makala makala ambayo tayari imeunganishwa na sehemu nyingine, kiungo kitabaki chekundu kwa muda mrefu kuliko kawaida. Baadhi ya maandishi ya muda mrefu italazimika kuyasimamisha. * Tunatarajia utekelezaji wa kimsimbo utafanyika kama kwenye wiki [juma] zingine. Hata hivyo, kuzuiwa Kwa baadhi ya misimbo itayoainishwa, kunaweza kutokea bila kuchelewa kama operesheni itahitaji baadae. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|Gitlab]] haitopatikana kwa kiasi cha dakika 90. Mradi huu unaweza kuahirishwa panapo ulazima. Unaweza [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|kusoma ratiba hiyo kwenye wikitech. wikimedia.org]]. Mabadiliko yoyote yatatangazwa kwenye mpangilio wa ratiba. '''Tafadhali shiriki habari hii na jumuia yako.'''</div><section end="server-switch"/> <span dir=ltr>[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|{{int:talk}}]])</span> 15:41, 18 Septemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29170715 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Migration to Parsoid</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> <em>[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Parsoid Read Views/Read View Announcement|Read this in another language]]</em> Hello everyone! I am glad to inform you that as the next step in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parser Unification]] project, Parsoid will soon be turned on as the default article renderer on your wiki. We are gradually increasing the number of wikis using Parsoid, with the intention of making it the default wikitext parser for MediaWiki's next long-term support release. This will make our wikis more reliable and consistent for editors, readers, and tools to use, as well as making the development of future wikitext features easier. If this disrupts your workflow, don’t worry! You can still opt out through a user preference or turn Parsoid off on the current page using the Tools submenu, as described in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration|Extension:ParserMigration]] documentation. There is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser_Unification/Confidence_Framework|more information about our roll-out strategy]] available, including the testing done before we turn on Parsoid for a new wiki. To report bugs and issues, please look at our [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Known Issues|known issues]] documentation and if you found a new bug please create a phab ticket and tag the [[phab:project/view/5846|Content Transform Team in Phabricator]]. <section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[mw:User:ABreault (WMF)|Content Transform Team]]</bdi> 19:49, 2 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ABreault (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_Foundation/Product_and_Technology/Parsoid_Read_Views/2025-10-06_Wikipedias&oldid=29381387 --> == Event Organizer Right for [[user:EUwandu-WMF|EUwandu-WMF]] == Dear Swahili Wikipedia Admins, The Community Organizing Experience team (formerly the Campaigns team) at the Wikimedia Foundation is supporting Wikimedia Arusha and Wikimedia Kilimanjaro to strengthen their capacity in adopting the CampaignEvents extension tools, including Event Registration tool for their 2025-26 General Support Funds activities. In order to implement this support, I would need the event organizer right on Swahili Wikipedia. I have also communicated this to [[user:Jadnapac|Jadnapac]] who recommended I ask for the right here. '''[[Mtumiaji:EUwandu-WMF|EUwandu-WMF]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:EUwandu-WMF|majadiliano]])''' 17:19, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]], @[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] please gather here. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 18:17, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :I support granting the event organizer right to EUwandu-WMF. '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 20:17, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Toa maoni yako: pigia kura Bodi ya Wadhamini ya mwaka 2025 == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Habarini nyote, Kipindi cha upigaji kura cha [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|uchaguzi wa Bodi ya Wadhamini wa 2025]] sasa kimefunguliwa. Wagombea wanagombea viti 2 (viwili) kwenye Bodi. Ili kuangalia ustahiki wako wa mpiga kura, tafadhali tembelea [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Voter eligibility guidelines|ukurasa wa ustahiki wa mpiga kura]]. Jifunze zaidi kuwahusu kwa [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidates|kusoma taarifa zao za maombi na kutazama video zao za ugombeaji]]. Ukiwa tayari, nenda kwenye ukurasa wa kupiga kura wa [[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/405|SecurePoll kupiga kura]]. '''Upigaji kura utaanza tarehe 8 Oktoba saa 00:00 UTC hadi Oktoba 22 saa 23:59 UTC.''' Kila la kheri, Abhishek Suryawanshi<br />Mwenyekiti, Kamati ya Uchaguzi<section end="announcement-content" /> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 04:48, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29360896 --> == Message from U4C == Dear Swahili community, (''Apologies for writing in English. A machine-translated version of this message is attached below for your convenience. In case of any discrepancies, please refer to the English version as the source.'') We have been made aware of the deletion of the article [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] and the subsequent block of @[[User:E.N. Emmanuel]] (who can appeal on their talk page).<br /> @[[User:Olimasy]], could you please briefly explain what was the reason, among those listed here [[Wikipedia:Kufuta_makala]], for the speedy deletion of that page? We would like to remind you all and the administrators of this project in particular that local admins are currently topic banned from LGBTQ related pages, and admin actions related to content and conduct moderation are delegated to Stewards and Global sysops. Any intervention concerning related content or users should be requested on Meta. You can read our motion here [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]]. This measure will remain in effect until the actions we have recommended for this project (listed here [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]] in the section U4C Actions) have been completed. If you need any help with these steps please do not hesitate to contact us. On behalf of the U4C, --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 17:51, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (''Hii ni tafsiri ya kiotomatiki'')<br /> Ndugu waswahili,<br /> Tumefahamishwa kuhusu kufutwa kwa makala [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] na kizuizi kilichofuata cha @[[User:E.N. Emmanuel]] (anayeweza kukata rufaa kwenye ukurasa wao wa mazungumzo).<br /> @[[User:Olimasy]], tafadhali unaweza kueleza kwa ufupi sababu ilikuwa nini, miongoni mwa walioorodheshwa hapa [[Wikipedia:Kufuta_makala]], kwa kufutwa haraka kwa ukurasa huo? Tungependa kuwakumbusha nyote na wasimamizi wa mradi huu hasa kwamba wasimamizi wa ndani kwa sasa wamepigwa marufuku kutoka kwa kurasa zinazohusiana na LGBTQ, na vitendo vya wasimamizi vinavyohusiana na udhibiti wa maudhui na maadili hukabidhiwa kwa Steward na Global sysops. Uingiliaji kati wowote kuhusu maudhui yanayohusiana au watumiaji unapaswa kuombwa kwenye Meta. Unaweza kusoma hoja yetu hapa [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]]. Hatua hii itaendelea kutumika hadi hatua ambazo tumependekeza kwa mradi huu (zilizoorodheshwa hapa [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]] katika sehemu ya U4C Actions) zimekamilika. Ikiwa unahitaji msaada wowote kwa hatua hizi tafadhali usisite kuwasiliana nasi. Kwa niaba ya U4C, --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 17:51, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] I’ve reviewed the deletion log, and the article has already been removed. Judging by the structure and grammar, it seems the contributor may not be fluent in Kiswahili—the article had significant linguistic and formatting issues. :While we appreciate efforts to represent diverse communities, it’s equally important that all articles meet the quality standards of Swahili Wikipedia. :In a constructive spirit, we can encourage the contributor to collaborate with others to improve the article before republishing. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 20:22, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Contributor is banned and only option for him is new account. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 08:08, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[User:Muddyb]] the first version of the article was created by the user and [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=312781 deleted] on 1 October. After being pinged yesterday the user recreated the page ([https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=315152 here]), it turned out that the user is a cross wiki abuser and the page was deleted by a Global Sysop who later [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=315181 undeleted the page] because apparently it is a translation of enwiki. Nobody of us is able to understand if that content makes sense in Swahili or if it is an automatic translation, or meets speedy deletion criteria like you mentioned. Personally speaking U4C asked that articles about contentious topics should be based on reliable sources and that content does not meet that requirement. The user is global blocked so I do not foresee cooperation. If the content meets deletion criteria please use the delete template (I think it is this one {{tl|Futa}}?) and then request deletion on Meta (here: [[:m:Global_sysops/Requests]]). I understand that this is a little complicated but it is a temporary measure. Please do not hesitate to contact us for any help or suggestion about the recommended actions in our motion. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 09:03, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] I have informed the admin team again not to interfere directly with those kinds of articles instead we should inform Stewards to take the matter. Thanks. We will surely reach out in case of anything resurfaced. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 09:33, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[User:Muddyb]] many thanks, yes the right way is to inform Stewards or Global Sysops, your guidance is of course welcome (and needed) to overcome the language barrier. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Alternate version was correctly remade by TEMPORARY ACCOUNT and makes sense. Both "Emmanuel" accounts are ABUSERS, one locally blocked and other globally blocked. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 09:18, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] Share the recreated article that makes sense, please! [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 09:34, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Recreated article with sense is here: [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 09:45, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Se non fossi impedito, metterei il template <nowiki>{{tafsiri kompyuta}}</nowiki> perché è una traduzione orripilante. Pace a te, Civvì! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:05, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :If there is consensus on deletion due to low quality please request the deletion on Meta (explaining the reasons). For sure the goal of our requests is not to lower your quality standards. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 11:05, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] na @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] The recreated article is another trash in the block. I will write global sysop to delete it. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 12:03, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::Do not forget REDIRECTS and TALKS when deleting. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 12:01, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::Four instances to delete: ::[[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]], [[Majadiliano:Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] ::[[Historia ya Ubadilishaji jinsia]], [[Majadiliano:Historia ya Ubadilishaji jinsia]] ::'''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 12:08, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::"The recreated article is another trash in the block." FOUR INSTANCES. '''[[Mtumiaji:Soggo Ionno|Soggo Ionno]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Soggo Ionno|majadiliano]])''' 12:15, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="function1"/> {{int:Hello}}. Please help pick a name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. This project will be a wiki that will enable users to combine functions from [[:f:|Wikifunctions]] and data from Wikidata in order to generate natural language sentences in any supported languages. These sentences can then be used by any Wikipedia (or elsewhere). There will be two rounds of voting, each followed by legal review of candidates, with votes beginning on 20 October and 17 November 2025. Our goal is to have a final project name selected on mid-December 2025. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <section end="function1"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:43, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29432175 --> == Kutafuta watu wa kujitolea kujiunga na kamati kadhaa za harakati. == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Kila mwaka, kwa kawaida kuanzia Oktoba hadi Desemba, kamati kadhaa za harakati hutafuta watu wapya wa kujitolea. Soma zaidi kuhusu kamati hizo kwenye kurasa zao za Meta-wiki: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Kamati ya Ushirikiano (AffCom)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds commission|Tume ya Wachunguzi Maalum (OC)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Trust and Safety/Case Review Committee|Kamati ya Mapitio ya kesi (CRC)]] Maombi ya kamati hizo yatafunguliwa tarehe 30 Oktoba 2025. Maombi ya Kamati ya Ushirikiano, tume ya Wachunguzi Maalum na Kamati ya Mapitio ya Kesi yatafungwa tarehe 11 Desemba 2025. Jifunze namna ya kutuma maombi kwa [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Committee appointments| kutembelea ukurasa wa uteuzi kwenye Meta-Wiki]].Tuma kwenye ukurasa wa majadiliano au barua pepe cst[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org na maswali yoyote ambayo unaweza kuwa nayo. Kwa timu ya Msaada ya Kamati, <section end="announcement-content" /> -[[m:User:MKaur (WMF)| MKaur (WMF)]] 14:13, 30 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:MKaur (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29517125 --> == Will you help us test an updated Databox? == ''Apologies for posting in English - you can help by translating it'' Hello everyone, recently an update has been made to the [[w:sw:Module:Databox|Module:Databox]] / [[w:sw:Template:Databox|Template:Databox]] page with the following changes: * A Wikidata logo and link to the connected Wikidata Item * New parameters <code>useImage=</code> and <code>excludeProperties=</code> can be invoked in the source code to give a greater degree of control on what the Databox displays. ** '''<code>useImage=</code>''' choose a different [[d:Property:P18|image(P18)]] to display in the Databox.<br> Example: <nowiki>{{Databox|useImage=Hubble_Ultra_Deep_Field_part d.jpg}}</nowiki><br><br> ** '''<code>excludeParameters=</code>''' hides selected Properties (and values) in from displaying in the current Databox.<br>Example: <nowiki>{{Databox|excludeProperties=P1290,P66}}</nowiki> * The parameters can be combined, separated by a pipe |:<br><code><nowiki>{{</nowiki></code><code>Databox|'''useImage='''image_file.jpg|'''excludeProperties='''P123}}</code> === How can you help? === Please help us by playing with the new features, adding Databoxes to Articles and using the new parameters (if it is good for the article). Mostly we just want to collect feedback on whether this is a positive change, is useful, interrupts your editing workflows and / or causes any issues or bugs. Only the first change (Wikidata Logo+Link) will automatically apply to existing Databoxes (may take upto 30 days from this post) or after any edit to a page with a Databox (including null-edits). The two Parameters will only show if the <nowiki>{{Databox}}</nowiki> wikitext is edited with the new parameter code.<br>[[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox#Changes_to_Databox|Find instructions to do that here]].<br> Any questions, please feel free to reply here or add them to the [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox|Talk page]].<br> Thank you, - '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 14:41, 6 Novemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_test_list&oldid=29580122 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Reminder: Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="function2"/> {{int:Hello}}. Reminder: Please help to choose name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. The finalist vote starts today. The finalists for the name are: <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Abstract Wikipedia, Multilingual Wikipedia, Wikiabstracts, Wikigenerator, Proto-Wiki</span>. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <section end="function2"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:22, 20 Novemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29583860 --> == Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 == Dear Wikimedia communities, We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year. ''Last year, we captured light. This year, we’ll capture legacy.'' In 2025, communities around the world shared the glow of Ramadan nights and the warmth of collective iftars. In 2026, ''Wiki Loves Ramadan'' is expanding, bringing more stories, more cultures, and deeper global connections across Wikimedia projects. We invite you to explore the ''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026'' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Meta page]] to learn how you can participate and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/Participating communities|sign up]] your community. 📷 ''Photo campaign on '' [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wikimedia Commons]] If you have questions about the project, please refer to the FAQs: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ/|Meta-Wiki]] * [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ|Wikimedia Commons]] ''Early registration for updates is now open via the '''[[m:Special:RegisterForEvent/2710|Event page]]''''' ''Stay connected and receive updates:'' * [https://t.me/WikiLovesRamadan Telegram channel] * [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/wikilovesramadan.lists.wikimedia.org/ Mailing list] We look forward to collaborating with you and your community. '''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 19:45, 16 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29879549 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2026 starts soon == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> ;Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2026 Dear Wiki Community, We are pleased to invite Wikimedia communities, affiliates, and independent contributors to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026]]''' writing competition on your local Wikipedia. The international campaign will run from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and aims to improve coverage of feminism, women’s histories, gender-related topics, and folk culture across Wikipedia projects. ;About the Campaign '''Feminism and Folklore''' is a global writing initiative that complements the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026|Wiki Loves Folklore]]''' photography competition. While Wiki Loves Folklore focuses on visual documentation, this writing campaign addresses the '''gender gap on Wikipedia''' by improving encyclopedic content related to folk culture and marginalized voices. ;What Can Participants Write About? Communities can contribute by creating, expanding, or translating articles related to: * Folk festivals, rituals, and celebrations * Folk dances, music, and traditional performances * Women and queer figures in folklore * Women in mythology and oral traditions * Women warriors, witches, and witch-hunting narratives * Fairy tales, folk stories, and legends * Folk games, sports, and cultural practices Participants may work from curated article lists or generate new article suggestions using campaign tools. ;How to Sign Up as an Organizer Organizers are requested to complete the following steps to register their community: # Create a local project page on your wiki [[:m:Feminism and Folklore/Sample|(see sample)]] # Set up the campaign using the '''CampWiz''' tool # Prepare a local article list and clearly mention: #* Campaign timeline #* Local and international prizes # Request a site notice from local administrators [[:mr:Template:SN-FNF|(see sample)]] # Add your local project page and CampWiz link to the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta project page]]''' ;Campaign Tools The Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced tools to support organizers and participants: * '''Article List Generator by Topic''' – Helps identify articles available on English Wikipedia but missing in your local language Wikipedia. The tool allows customized filters and provides downloadable article lists in CSV and wikitable formats. * '''CampWiz''' – Enables communities to manage writing campaigns effectively, including jury-based evaluation. This will be the third year CampWiz is officially used for Feminism and Folklore. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ Click here to access the tools]''' ;Learn More & Get Support For detailed information about rules, timelines, and prizes, please visit the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 project page]]'''. If you have any questions or need assistance, feel free to reach out via: * '''[[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta talk page]]''' * Email us using details on the contact page. ;Join Us We look forward to your collaboration and coordination in making Feminism and Folklore 2026 a meaningful and impactful campaign for closing gender gaps and enriching folk culture content on Wikipedia. Thank you and best wishes, '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 International Team]]''' ---- ''Stay connected:'' [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> == Invitation to Host Wiki Loves Folklore 2026 in Your Country == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]] Hello everyone, We are delighted to invite Wikimedia affiliates, user groups, and community organizations worldwide to participate in '''Wiki Loves Folklore 2026''', an international initiative dedicated to documenting and celebrating folk culture across the globe. ;About Wiki Loves Folklore '''Wiki Loves Folklore''' is an annual international photography competition hosted on Wikimedia Commons. The campaign runs from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and encourages photographers, cultural enthusiasts, and community members to contribute photographs that highlight: * Folk traditions and rituals * Cultural festivals and celebrations * Traditional attire and crafts * Performing arts, music, and dance * Everyday practices rooted in folk heritage Through this campaign, we aim to preserve and promote diverse folk cultures and make them freely accessible to the world. [[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026|Project page on Wikimedia Commons]] ; Host a Local Edition As we celebrate the '''eight edition''' of Wiki Loves Folklore, we warmly invite communities to organize a local edition in their country or region. Hosting a local campaign is a great opportunity to: * Increase visibility of your region’s folk culture * Engage new contributors in your community * Enrich Wikimedia Commons with high-quality cultural content '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026/Organize|Sign up to organize]]:''' If your team prefers to organize the competition in ''either February or March only'', please feel free to let us know. If you are unable to organize, we encourage you to share this opportunity with other interested groups or organizations in your region. ;Get in Touch If you have any questions, need support, or would like to explore collaboration opportunities, please feel free to contact us via: * The project Talk pages * Email: '''support@wikilovesfolklore.org''' We are also happy to connect via an online meeting if your team would like to discuss planning or coordination in more detail. Warm regards, '''The Wiki Loves Folklore International Team''' </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 13:21, 18 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=29228188 --> == Mapitio ya kila mwaka ya Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Nidhamu na Miongozo ya Utekelezaji == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Ninakuandikia ili kukujulisha kuwa muda wa upitiaji wa kila mwaka wa Kanuni za Maadili na Miongozo ya Utekelezaji umefunguliwa sasa. Unaweza kutoa mapendekezo ya mabadiliko hadi tarehe 9 Februari 2026. Hii ni hatua ya kwanza kati ya kadhaa itakayochukuliwa kwa upitiaji wa kila mwaka. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Soma maelezo zaidi na utafute mazungumzo ya kujiunga kwenye ukurasa wa UCoC kwenye Meta]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Nidhamu]] (U4C) ni kundi la kimataifa linalojitolea kutoa utekelezaji sawa na thabiti wa UCoC. Tathmini hii ya kila mwaka ilipangwa na kutekelezwa na U4C. Kwa maelezo zaidi na majukumu ya U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|unaweza kukagua Mkataba wa U4C]]. Tafadhali washirikishe habari hii washiriki wengine katika jumuiya yako popote inapohitajika. -- Kwa ushirikiano na U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:Mazungumzo ya mtumiaji:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])<section end="announcement-content" /> 21:02, 19 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29905753 --> == Join the sixth Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia 2026.png|right|250px|thumb|link=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ukraine%27s_Cultural_Diplomacy_Month_2026|Join our campaign!]] {{int:please-translate}} Dear Wikipedians! [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the sixth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''1st April''' until '''30th April 2026'''. The initiative aims to promote knowledge about Ukrainian culture abroad by creating and improving Wikipedia articles in multiple languages. This year marks the sixth edition of the campaign, which will focus on contemporary culture, making today’s artistic voices and practices more visible to international audiences. 🧩'''How to participate?''' Choose an article from the suggested list → Write an article in your language, or improve an existing one according to the rules → Add your contribution to the contest page and calculate your points → Win prizes and receive a certificate of participation → Become a promoter of truthful knowledge about Ukraine. 🧩'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Check our main page for more information]]'''. '''If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest.''' If not, then we encourage you to translate the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|landing page of the contest]] and [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MessageGroupStats?group=Centralnotice-tgroup-UCDM2026banner&messages=&language=en&x=D banner] into your own language. Also, we set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in this challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) 04:35, 1 April 2026 (UTC) </div> (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&oldid=28552112 --> == Action Required: Update templates/modules for electoral maps (Migrating from P1846 to P14226) == Hello everyone, This is a notice regarding an ongoing data migration on Wikidata that may affect your election-related templates and Lua modules (such as <code>Module:Itemgroup/list</code>). '''The Change:'''<br /> Currently, many templates pull electoral maps from Wikidata using the property [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]], combined with the qualifier [[:d:Property:P180|P180]]: [[:d:Q19571328|Q19571328]]. We are migrating this data (across roughly 4,000 items) to a newly created, dedicated property: '''[[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]]'''. '''What You Need To Do:'''<br /> To ensure your templates and infoboxes do not break or lose their maps, please update your local code to fetch data from [[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]] instead of the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] + [[:d:Property:P180|P180]] structure. A [[m:Wikidata/Property Migration: P1846 to P14226/List|list of pages]] was generated using Wikimedia Global Search. '''Deadline:'''<br /> We are temporarily retaining the old data on [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] to allow for a smooth transition. However, to complete the data cleanup on Wikidata, the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] statements will be removed after '''May 1, 2026'''. Please update your modules and templates before this date to prevent any disruption to your wiki's election articles. Let us know if you have any questions or need assistance with the query logic. Thank you for your help! [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] using '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 17:11, 3 Aprili 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29941252 --> == Request for comment (global AI policy) == <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}} A [[:m:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|request for comment]] is currently being held to decide on a global AI policy. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 00:58, 26 Aprili 2026 (UTC) </bdi> (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Codename Noreste@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30424282 --> == Ombi la kuwezesha VisualEditor kwenye kurasa za mradi (Wikipedia Namespace) == Ndugu wanajumuia, Katika kuratibu na kuendesha miradi na kampeni mbalimbali za jamii yetu hapa Swahili Wikipedia (kama vile mashindano, warsha, dashboards, na kurasa za mradi kama `Wikipedia:Mradi wa...`), tumekuwa tukikumbana na changamoto ya kiufundi. Kwa sasa, mfumo wa usarifu wa picha (VisualEditor) haufanyi kazi kwenye maeneo haya ya kurasa za miradi (Project namespace), jambo linalotulazimu kutumia mfumo mgumu wa "Source Editor" (Wiki markup) hata kwa mambo madogo kama kutengeneza majedwali au muundo wa kurasa. Ili kurahisisha kazi kwa waratibu na wahariri wanaotengeneza kurasa hizi za kampeni, nimefungua tiketi kule Phabricator kuomba wataalamu wa Wikimedia Foundation watuwezeshe kutumia VisualEditor kwenye Project namespace ya swwiki. Wataalamu wa Phabricator wametujibu kuwa tayari wako tayari kufanya mabadiliko hayo, lakini kwa sheria za kiutaratibu, wanahitaji kuona Maridhiano ya Jumuia (Community Consensus) hapa uwanjani kwetu kwanza kabla hawajawasha mfumo huo. Wanatutanabahisha pia kuwa VisualEditor haikutengenezwa maalum kwa ajili ya kurasa za majadiliano, hivyo kunaweza kuwa na changamoto ndogo za mpangilio (kama indentations) tukiiitumia kwenye majadiliano ya miradi, jambo ambalo tunaona halitazuia ufanisi wa kazi kubwa ya kuratibu kurasa zenyewe za miradi. Tafadhali naomba kura zenu za Kuunga Mkono (Support) au maoni yenu hapa chini ili tukishapata ridhaa ya pamoja, nipeleke link ya mjadala huu Phabricator na mabadiliko haya yafanyike mara moja. Unaweza kuona tiketi hiyo Phabricator hapa: [[phab:T427117|⚓ T427117 Enable VisualEditor in the Project namespace for Swahili Wikipedia (swwiki)]] Pamoja tunajenga Wikipedia yetu! {{Strong support}}--[[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 09:07, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen|majadiliano]])''' 09:26, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}-- '''[[Mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|Husseyn Issa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|majadiliano]])''' 10:58, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) {{strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 14:16, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:ChriKo|ChriKo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ChriKo|majadiliano]])''' ev6pm85u3q8v96rrkku1ce2jluxzklz 1550126 1549900 2026-05-25T04:41:30Z Czeus25 Masele 28489 1550126 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ * '''en:'''Welcome to the '''Swahili Wikipedia Village Pump!''' * '''sw:''' Ukurasa huu ni kwa ajili ya kuwasaidia watu wanaotaka kuboresha kamusi hii na kujadiliana mambo ya jumuiya yetu! * [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Matukio ya Kimataifa|Orodha ya Matukio ya Kimataifa]]:Unaweza kuangalia kalenda hiyo ya matukio ya kimataifa na ukipendezwa unaweza kushiriki tukio lolote iwapo utaona linakuhusu. Viungo vya jumuiya: {| class="wikitable" border="1" |- |[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]] <br/>'''Fungua hapa kuona kura kuhusu wakabidhi wapya!''' |[[Wikipedia:Makala kwa ufutaji]] |[[Wikipedia:Maboresho yanayohitajika]] |[http://tools.wmflabs.org/wikiviewstats/?locale=en&lang=sw&project=&page=&datefrom=2014-05-02&autofilter&type=world Makala zinazotembelewa sana leo hii] |[[Wikipedia:Kuzuia watumiaji]] |- |[[Wikipedia:Ubalozi]] |[[Wikipedia:Kundi la Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]] |[[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Daruser|Wikimedia Community User Group Tanzania]] |[[Wikipedia:Makala zilizoombwa]] |[https://xtools.wmcloud.org/ec Michango yote ya mtumiaji] (jaza jina) * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:CentralAuth?target= Angalia michango ya watumiaji]* [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&offset=&limit=500&type=newusers&user=&page=&wpdate=&tagfilter=&wpfilters%5B0%5D=newusers Watumiaji wapya] |} ==Kumbukumbu ya miaka iliyopita== <small>'''Majadiliano ya awali yamehamishiwa hapa:''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Kumbukumbu hadi Julai 2008]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu Julai 2008 hadi Desemba 2009]]''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu Desemba 2009 hadi Desemba 2011]]''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2012 hadi 2013]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2014]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2015]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2016]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2017]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2018-2019]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2020-2021-VI]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Kumbukumbu 2021-VI - 2022-I]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2022 - 2025 I]] </small> ==Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili== Kwa wote wanaopenda kutafakari na kujadiliana nasi namna ya kuendeleza wikipedia hii ya Kiswahili wakabidhi walianzisha kundi la '''[[meta:Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]]'''. Unaweza kujiandikisha pale kama umehariri hapa kwa muda wa mwaka moja angalau. ==Jamii / Kategoria== Ndugu zangu, kuna mtu amebadili ujumbe wa kusano kutoka JAMII kwenda kategoria. Kwa sasa inaonekana juu lakini baadaye itachukua nafasi. Huu ni uharibifu wa tafsiri. Tazama hapa: https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:1000 Inabidi tudhibiti mapema tafsiri zijadiliwe na wasemaji wa Kiswahili badala ya kikundi cha wahuni wanaojiita wafasiri. == Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025: Invitation == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:UCDM 2025 general.png|180px|right]] {{int:please-translate}} Hello, dear Wikipedians!<br/> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the fifth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''14th April''' until '''16th May 2025'''. The campaign is dedicated to famous Ukrainian artists of cinema, music, literature, architecture, design, and cultural phenomena of Ukraine that are now part of world heritage. We accept contributions in every language! The most active contesters will receive prizes. If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest. <br/> We invite you to take part and help us improve the coverage of Ukrainian culture on Wikipedia in your language! Also, we plan to set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in such a challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) </div> 16:11, 16 Aprili 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Hide on Rosé@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&oldid=28552112 --> == Vote now on the revised UCoC Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> The voting period for the revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines ("UCoC EG") and the UCoC's Coordinating Committee Charter is open now through the end of 1 May (UTC) ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 find in your time zone]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/2025/Voter_information|Read the information on how to participate and read over the proposal before voting]] on the UCoC page on Meta-wiki. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review of the EG and Charter was planned and implemented by the U4C. Further information will be provided in the coming months about the review of the UCoC itself. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well. In cooperation with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 00:34, 17 Aprili 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28469465 --> == Sub-referencing: User testing == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Sub-referencing reuse visual.png|400px|right]] <small>''Apologies for writing in English, please help us by providing a translation below''</small> Hi I’m Johannes from [[:m:Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]]'s [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes team]]. We are making great strides with the new [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing feature]] and we’d love to invite you to take part in two activities to help us move this work further: #'''Try it out and share your feedback''' #:[[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing# Test the prototype|Please try]] the updated ''wikitext'' feature [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Sub-referencing on the beta wiki] and let us know what you think, either [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|on our talk page]] or by [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/talktotechwish booking a call] with our UX researcher. #'''Get a sneak peak and help shape the ''Visual Editor'' user designs''' #:Help us test the new design prototypes by participating in user sessions – [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/gxk0taud/apply sign up here to receive an invite]. We're especially hoping to speak with people from underrepresented and diverse groups. If that's you, please consider signing up! No prior or extensive editing experience is required. User sessions will start ''May 14th''. We plan to bring this feature to Wikimedia wikis later this year. We’ll reach out to wikis for piloting in time for deployments. Creators and maintainers of reference-related tools and templates will be contacted beforehand as well. Thank you very much for your support and encouragement so far in helping bring this feature to life! </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|talk]])</bdi> 15:03, 28 Aprili 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johannes_Richter_(WMDE)/Sub-referencing/massmessage_list&oldid=28628657 --> == Pigia kura mapendekezo ya marekebisho ya Miongozo ya Utekelezaji ya UCoC na Mkataba wa U4C == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Kipindi cha kupigia kura marekebisho ya Mkataba wa Utekelezaji wa Kanuni za Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili na U4C itafungwa tarehe 1 Mei 2025 saa 23:59 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 angalia kwa saa za eneo lako]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025/Voter information|Soma maelezo kuhusu jinsi ya kushiriki na kusoma pendekezo kabla ya kupiga kura]] kwenye ukurasa wa UCoC kwenye Meta-wiki. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili (U4C)]] ni kikundi cha kimataifa kinachojitolea kutoa utekelezaji sawa na thabiti wa UCoC. Tathmini hii ya kila mwaka ilipangwa na kutekelezwa na U4C. Kwa maelezo zaidi na majukumu ya U4C, unaweza [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|kuupitia Mkataba wa U4C]]. Tafadhali washirikishe ujumbe huu wanajumuiya wenzako katika lugha yako, kadri utakavyoona inavyofaa, ili waweze kushiriki pia. Kwa ushirikiano na U4C -- <section end="announcement-content" /> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 03:41, 29 Aprili 2025 (UTC)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == We will be enabling the new Charts extension on your wiki soon! == ''(Apologies for posting in English)'' Hi all! We have good news to share regarding the ongoing problem with graphs and charts affecting all wikis that use them. As you probably know, the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|old Graph extension]] was disabled in 2023 [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EWL4AGBEZEDMNNFTM4FRD4MHOU3CVESO/|due to security reasons]]. We’ve worked in these two years to find a solution that could replace the old extension, and provide a safer and better solution to users who wanted to showcase graphs and charts in their articles. We therefore developed the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Charts extension]], which will be replacing the old Graph extension and potentially also the [[:mw:Extension:EasyTimeline|EasyTimeline extension]]. After successfully deploying the extension on Italian, Swedish, and Hebrew Wikipedia, as well as on MediaWiki.org, as part of a pilot phase, we are now happy to announce that we are moving forward with the next phase of deployment, which will also include your wiki. The deployment will happen in batches, and will start from '''May 6'''. Please, consult [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project#Deployment Timeline|our page on MediaWiki.org]] to discover when the new Charts extension will be deployed on your wiki. You can also [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|consult the documentation]] about the extension on MediaWiki.org. If you have questions, need clarifications, or just want to express your opinion about it, please refer to the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension_talk:Chart/Project|project’s talk page on Mediawiki.org]], or ping me directly under this thread. If you encounter issues using Charts once it gets enabled on your wiki, please report it on the [[:mw:Extension_talk:Chart/Project|talk page]] or at [[phab:tag/charts|Phabricator]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:07, 6 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=28663781 --> == Vandalism == I suppose the two pictures in the text [[Adidas]] are simple vandalism and do not make sence in the text. But not being active in this wikipedia, I don't know how to attract more attention to the doubtful edit of march 2023. :Nadhani picha mbili katika maandishi [[Adidas]] ni uharibifu rahisi na hazina maana katika maandishi. Lakini kutokuwa hai katika wikipedia hii, sijui jinsi ya kuvutia umakini zaidi kwa uhariri wa shaka wa Machi 2023. --'''[[Mtumiaji:ThomasPusch|ThomasPusch]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ThomasPusch|majadiliano]])''' 12:06, 12 Mei 2025 (UTC) :It has been fixed! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 12:20, 12 Mei 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Call for Candidates for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> The results of voting on the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter is [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025#Results|available on Meta-wiki]]. You may now [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025/Candidates|submit your candidacy to serve on the U4C]] through 29 May 2025 at 12:00 UTC. Information about [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|eligibility, process, and the timeline are on Meta-wiki]]. Voting on candidates will open on 1 June 2025 and run for two weeks, closing on 15 June 2025 at 12:00 UTC. If you have any questions, you can ask on [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|the discussion page for the election]]. -- in cooperation with the U4C, </div><section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|majadiliano]])</bdi> 22:07, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == Changes to the way some users are granted the right to see temporary account IP addresses == Hello! This is the [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety_Product|Trust and Safety Product]] team. We would like to share that we have decided to change the requirements for access to temporary account IP addresses. '''The impact on your community will be minimal'''. We are planning on implementing the change in the week of May 26 ([[phab:T393358|T393358]] + [[phab:T393360|T393360]] + [[phab:T390942|T390942]]). I will keep you updated about the details. We are only changing the rules for users who do not have extended rights (e.g. admins, bureaucrats, checkusers – [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Wikimedia_Access_to_Temporary_Account_IP_Addresses_Policy#requirements-for-access|see the policy for more examples]]) but their account is a minimum of 6 months old, and who have made a minimum of 300 edits on this wiki. They will lose access to IP addresses ([[phab:T393360|T393360]]), and to have it back, '''they will need to apply for the right. Admins or stewards will decide whether to grant it''' ([[phab:T390942|T390942]]). This will entail human manual work, but this method will be safer than if we continued to grant the rights automatically. We want to emphasize that there has been no user who wouldn't have extended rights to ever reveal a temporary account's IP addresses on your wiki. We made this decision based on what we heard from you, piloting wikis, particularly Romanian Wikipedians. We also consulted on options with Stewards, and had discussions on Meta-Wiki and about 20 Wikipedias with large communities. When we deploy temporary accounts to more wikis, we will evaluate the impact and may adjust our approach again. In addition, we'd like you to know that requirements for access to the [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety_Product/IP_Info|IP Info]] feature will be identical with the ones for access to the temporary accounts' IP addresses (a user will either have full information or none). '''The rationale for the change''' We chose the current numerical thresholds and automatic granting before deploying temporary accounts on any wiki. However, it’s become clear to us that these requirements are quite low and it is still too easy for bad-faith actors to gain access to temporary account IP addresses. We want temporary accounts to meaningfully improve editor privacy, so we need to be more restrictive. Our goal is to more consistently limit IP address access to only those who need it. '''How will this work''' * When a user without extended rights needs to view temporary account IP addresses, they will need to file a request for being added to the "Temporary account IP viewers" group. They will file the request to admins (the local communities will be able to decide what that process will be) or stewards (for wikis without local admins). * The software will require that the user has at least 300 edits and the account since at least 6 months. Admins and stewards will not be able to grant temporary account IP access to accounts that do not meet that criteria. This is a minimum, and we encourage you to enforce higher thresholds. * The user reviewing the request will check if the user applying for the right meets requirements and that they have provided a valid justification. The right itself will be granted through Special:UserRights. * Users who grant requests for the right will also handle removal of the right. We would also like to clarify some details. For your convenience, we will also document some of it in [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/FAQ|the project FAQ]]. {{hidden|Access to IP addresses|bg1=background-color:#eee;|2 = * '''Separation of the new right''' (checkuser-temporary-account) out to a new group ([[metawiki:Meta:Temporary_account_IP_viewer|Temporary account IP viewers]]), as opposed to technically attaching it to any [[Special:ListGroupRights|existing group]] (like patroller). We have decided to do this for a few reasons: ** '''Having access to IP addresses carries risk'''. This right is similar to checkuser. IP addresses are considered personally identifiable information (a kind of [[:en:personal data|personal data]]). Outside actors who want to access IP addresses will now need to interact with users who have this right. Users with this right should be aware of this, and alert to the possibility of suspicious access requests. ** '''Good practices for privacy protection'''. Giving access to users who are trusted but do not need access to carry on their work is not in line with good practices for processing personal data. ** '''Removal of right'''. Access to IPs will be [[phab:T325658|logged]] ([https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Log?type=checkuser-temporary-account example]). If any misuse of this right is detected, it can be taken away separately from any other permissions the user may hold. It would be difficult and sometimes also unreasonable to remove the rights unrelated to access to IP addresses. ** You may grant the new right to all users belonging to a certain existing group individually. These users must meet the criteria for Temporary account IP viewers, though. ** For clarity – all this does not affect administrators, bureaucrats, checkusers, stewards, and other groups mentioned in the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|global policy]]. * '''Activity requirement'''. With regards to users who would need to be granted access manually, the policy says that they "must edit or take a logged action to the local project at least once within a 365-day period". This requirement is not changing. }} {{hidden|Process of granting the right|bg1=background-color:#eee;|2 = * '''Formality of granting the right'''. There is no need for discussions or votes like Request for Adminship. It does suffice if a single admin makes a decision using their own judgement. * '''Additional requirements for the users applying for the right'''. ** You have autonomy over the process for granting the right. You can adopt thresholds higher than 300 edits, or disallow the "non-admin+" users to have the right. The granting process can be as basic or elaborate as you deem appropriate. ** Which criteria admins should take when deciding whether to grant the right – how to tell whether a user needs access to IP addresses? There are no mandatory requirements beyond a minimum of 300 edits and a 6 month old account. You may introduce additional criteria related to trust to the user (such as no prior blocks or copyright violations) or experience in patrolling activities. * '''Additional burden on administrators'''. We understand the toil of having to grant and remove an additional right. This is indeed a downside. We think that it will only have to be a one-time effort to grant this right to a larger number of people. We are curious if you can find ways to limit this burden. }} '''Next steps on your side we would like to suggest''' * We are encouraging you to consider '''adopting a policy''' on granting and removing the right, if you think you need to add anything to the global policy. * We are encouraging you to '''start granting the right'''. Considering our data (up to a few non-functionaries have ever revealed temporary account IP addresses here), we believe you don't need to rush or spend a lot of time preparing for this before the change comes into force, though. * We would like to show you what level of wiki-bureaucracy seems sufficient from our point of view. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=28667152 In the sandbox], we have created a draft of what a page with requests for the flag could look like. Of course the final content of the page will depend on your community. We do not want to imply that we are instructing you on this matter. Let us know if you have any questions. Thank you! [[metawiki:User:NKohli_(WMF)|NKohli (WMF)]] and '''[[Mtumiaji:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 02:27, 16 Mei 2025 (UTC) == RfC ongoing regarding Abstract Wikipedia (and your project) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''(Apologies for posting in English, if this is not your first language)'' Hello all! We opened a discussion on Meta about a very delicate issue for the development of [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia]]: where to store the abstract content that will be developed through functions from Wikifunctions and data from Wikidata. Since some of the hypothesis involve your project, we wanted to hear your thoughts too. We want to make the decision process clear: we do not yet know which option we want to use, which is why we are consulting here. We will take the arguments from the Wikimedia communities into account, and we want to consult with the different communities and hear arguments that will help us with the decision. The decision will be made and communicated after the consultation period by the Foundation. You can read the various hypothesis and have your say at [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content|Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 15:27, 22 Mei 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=28768453 --> == Uchaguzi wa Bodi ya Wadhamini ya Wikimedia Foundation mwaka 2025 na Wito wa Maswali == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Wapendwa wote, Mwaka huu, Muda wa Wadhamini 2 (wawili) waliochaguliwa na jumuiya na Washirika kwenye Bodi ya Wadhamini ya Shirika la Wikimedia Foundation utakamilika [1]. Bodi inakaribisha harakati nzima kushiriki katika mchakato wa uteuzi wa mwaka huu na kupiga kura kujaza viti hivyo. Kamati ya Uchaguzi inasimamia mchakato huu kwa msaada kutoka kwa wafanyakazi wa Shirika [2]. Kamati ya Utawala inayoundwa na wadhamini ambao si wagombea katika mchakato wa uteuzi wa wadhamini waliochaguliwa na jumuiya na washirika wa mwaka 2025 (Raju Narisetti, Shani Evenstein Sigalov, Lorenzo Losa, Kathy Collins, Victoria Doronina na Esra’a Al Shafei) [3], ina jukumu la kutoa usimamizi wa Bodi ya wadhamini kwa ajili ya kuweka taarifa kwa Bodi ya wadhamini. Maelezo zaidi kuhusu majukumu ya Kamati ya Uchaguzi, Bodi, na wafanyakazi yako hapa [4]. Hapa kuna tarehe kuu zilizopangwa: * Mei 22 – Juni 5: Tangazo (mawasiliano hayo) na mwito wa kipindi cha maswali * Juni 17 – Julai 1, 2025: Wito wa wagombea * Julai 2025: Ikihitajika, washirika hupigia kura wagombea waliopo kwenye orodha fupi ikiwa 10 au zaidi wataomba [5] * Agosti 2025: Kipindi cha kampeni * Agosti – Septemba 2025: Kipindi cha wiki mbili cha kupiga kura kwa jumuiya * Oktoba – Novemba 2025: Ukaguzi wa usuli wa watahiniwa waliochaguliwa * Mkutano wa Bodi mnamo Decemba 2025: Wadhamini wapya wamekaa kwenye kiti Jifunze zaidi kuhusu uchaguzi wa 2025 - ikiwa ni pamoja na ratiba ya kina ya matukio, mchakato wa kugombea, sheria za kampeni na vigezo vya kustahiki kwa mpiga kura - kwenye ukurasa huu wa Meta-wiki [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025|[kiungo]]]. '''Wito wa Maswali''' Katika kila mchakato wa uchaguzi, jumuiya ina fursa ya kuwasilisha maswali kwa wagombea wa Bodi ya Wadhamini kujibu. Kamati ya Uchaguzi huchagua maswali kutoka kwenye orodha iliyoandaliwa na jumuiya ili wagombea wajibu. Wagombea lazima wajibu maswali yote yanayohitajika katika maombi ili kustahiki; vinginevyo maombi yao yatakataliwa. Mwaka huu, Kamati ya Uchaguzi itachagua maswali 5 kwa wagombea kujibu. Maswali yaliyochaguliwa yanaweza kuwa mchanganyiko wa yale yaliyowasilishwa kutoka kwa jumuiya, ikiwa yanafanana au yanahusiana. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates|[kiungo]]] '''Watu wa kujitolea katika uchaguzi''' Njia nyingine ya kuhusika katika mchakato wa uchaguzi wa mwaka 2025 ni kuwa Mtu wa Kujitolea katika Uchaguzi. Watu wa Kujitolea katika Uchaguzi ni daraja kati ya Kamati ya Uchaguzi na jumuiya zao. Wanasaidia kuhakikisha jumuiya inawakilishwa na kuwahamasisha kupiga kura. Jifunze zaidi kuhusu mpango na jinsi ya kujiunga kwenye ukurasa huu wa Meta-wiki [[m:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Election_volunteers|[kiungo]]]. Asante! [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Results [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Committee:Elections_Committee_Charter [3] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resolution:Committee_Membership,_December_2024 [4] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Roles [5] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/FAQ [6] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates Salamu sana, Victoria Doronina Uhusiano wa Bodi na Kamati ya Uchaguzi Kamati ya Utawala<section end="announcement-content" /> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 03:08, 28 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == U4C case - conclusion == Hello Swahili community, <br /> first of all I would like to apologize for writing in English, an automatic translation in Swahili will follow but we are aware that automatic translations in your language are not very good so we will need your help to make sure that the text is understandable. On 21 December 2024 a request to U4C was filed here: [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Cases/Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia]]. Some deadlines were extended and we are aware that it took us a long time to conclude the case. I will report our conclusion below in English and with translation in Swahili. I will add also a translation in Italian which is a language one of your most active users (sysop and bureaucrat) is familiar with. Please contact the committee for any clarification needed. As a coordinating committee we would also like to offer our support if you need help with the requested actions. === U4C Motion === (The original text with votes is here: [[:m:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Cases/Sysop_abuse_in_Swahili_Wikipedia#Motions]]) According to UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), Swahili is among the 10 most widely spoken languages in the world, with more than 200 million speakers and it is one of the ''lingua franca'' in many countries within East, Central and Southern Africa as well as in the Middle East. According to Wikipedia ([[:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), Swahili is one of the national languages in Tanzania, Kenya, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Burundi, Uganda, it is an official language of Rwanda, in some areas of Somalia and is spoken in other areas in the African Great Lakes region and East and Southern Africa. With the exception of Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda, in all the countries where Swahili is national language, homosexuality is not only illegal (in some cases - Uganda - with death penalty as punishment) but apparent "promotion" of homosexuality is also severely punished. More about this in following links: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C requested a legal opinion to assess what risks editors and administrators residing in those countries could face in editing or restoring content which may be considered to "promote" homosexuality even if for Wikimedian (or Western) standards that content would not be considered promotional but only neutral or descriptive. The U4C's priorities in this case are: *Protect local users, especially advanced right holders who could be misinterpreted as "responsible" for the content of a project *Protect all the readers and their right to have neutral and informative content '''U4C Actions''' # Recommend that the Swahili Wikipedia community work on a guideline about Neutral Point of View (Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) and a guideline about reliable sources (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). The U4C will review progress in 6 months.<br /> # Recommend that the community seek local expertise on how it is permissible to educate a reader about topics related to LGBTQ issues without violating laws in Swahili-speaking countries and at the same time avoiding discrimination (as per the UCoC). Use this information to support NPOV on these topics. # Recommend that the community start discussing on dealing with local appeals and creating a procedure for this compliant with the [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines]]. # Recommend that the community define a list of pages or "contentious topics" (starting from LGBTQ topics) where, once created, the above mentioned policies are particularly used/applied more strictly. At the same time: *Administrators on Swahili Wikipedia (swwiki) are topic banned from LGBTQ related pages, with admin actions related to content and conduct moderation delegated to Stewards and Global sysops (any interventions can be requested on Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] or [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Here is a non-exhaustive list of pages that are covered: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Homosexuality, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Same sex marriage, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Once the recommended measures as described above are set up, swwiki admins may appeal to the topic ban. === Translation in Swahili === ''This is an automatic translation, please kindly fix mistakes or parts which need clarification.'' Kulingana na UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), Kiswahili ni miongoni mwa lugha 10 zinazozungumzwa na watu wengi zaidi duniani, ikiwa na wazungumzaji zaidi ya milioni 200 na ni mojawapo ya ''lingua franca'' katika nchi nyingi za Mashariki, Kati na Kusini mwa Afrika na pia Mashariki ya Kati. Kwa mujibu wa Wikipedia ([[:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), Kiswahili ni mojawapo ya lugha za kitaifa nchini Tanzania, Kenya, Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo, Burundi, Uganda, ni lugha rasmi ya Rwanda, katika baadhi ya maeneo ya Somalia na inazungumzwa katika maeneo mengine katika eneo la Maziwa Makuu ya Afrika na Afrika Mashariki na Kusini. Isipokuwa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo na Rwanda, katika nchi zote ambako Kiswahili ni lugha ya taifa, ushoga sio tu ni kinyume cha sheria (katika baadhi ya matukio - Uganda - na adhabu ya kifo kama adhabu) lakini "kukuza" kwa ushoga pia kunaadhibiwa vikali. Zaidi kuhusu hili katika viungo vifuatavyo: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C iliomba maoni ya kisheria ili kutathmini hatari ambazo wahariri na wasimamizi wanaoishi katika nchi hizo wanaweza kukabiliana nazo katika kuhariri au kurejesha maudhui ambayo yanaweza kuchukuliwa kuwa "kukuza" ushoga hata kama kwa viwango vya Wikimedian (au Magharibi) maudhui hayo hayatachukuliwa kuwa ya utangazaji bali yasiyoegemea upande wowote au maelezo. Vipaumbele vya U4C katika kesi hii ni: *Linda watumiaji wa ndani, haswa wamiliki wa haki wa hali ya juu ambao wanaweza kutafsiriwa vibaya kama "wajibiki" kwa maudhui ya mradi. *Linda wasomaji wote na haki yao ya kuwa na maudhui yasiyoegemea upande wowote na yenye taarifa '''Vitendo vya U4C''' # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya ya Wikipedia ya Kiswahili ifanyie kazi mwongozo kuhusu Mtazamo wa Kuegemea (Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) na mwongozo kuhusu vyanzo vya kuaminika (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). U4C itakagua maendeleo baada ya miezi 6.<br /> # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya itafute utaalamu wa ndani kuhusu jinsi inavyoruhusiwa kuelimisha msomaji kuhusu mada zinazohusiana na masuala ya LGBTQ bila kukiuka sheria katika nchi zinazozungumza Kiswahili na wakati huo huo kuepuka ubaguzi (kulingana na UCoC). Tumia habari hii kusaidia NPOV kwenye mada hizi. # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya ianze kujadiliana kuhusu kushughulikia rufaa za eneo lako na kuunda utaratibu wa kutii [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines|Mwongozo wa Utekelezaji]]. # Pendekeza kwamba jumuia ifafanue orodha ya kurasa au "mada zinazogombana" (kuanzia mada za LGBTQ) ambapo, mara tu zikiundwa, sera zilizotajwa hapo juu hutumiwa/hutumiwa kwa ukali zaidi. Wakati huo huo: *Wasimamizi kwenye Wikipedia ya Kiswahili (swwiki) wamepigwa marufuku kwenye kurasa zinazohusiana na LGBTQ, huku vitendo vya wasimamizi vinavyohusiana na udhibiti wa maudhui na maadili vimekabidhiwa kwa Stewards na Global sysops (afua zozote zinaweza kuombwa kwenye Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] au [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Hapa kuna orodha isiyo kamili ya kurasa ambazo zimefunikwa: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Ushoga, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Ndoa ya jinsia moja, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Baada ya hatua zilizopendekezwa kama ilivyoelezwa hapo juu kusanidiwa, wasimamizi wa swwiki wanaweza kukata rufaa dhidi ya marufuku ya mada. {{hidden | style = border: 1px black; width: 100%; | headerstyle = background:#f5f5f5 | contentstyle = | header = Translation in Italian/Tafsiri katika Kiitaliano | content = Secondo l'UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), lo Swahili è tra le 10 lingue più parlate al mondo con oltre 200 milioni di persone che lo parlano ed è una "lingue franche" in diversi paese dell'Africa orientale, centrale e meridionale nonché nel Medio-Oriente. Secondo Wikipedia ([[:en:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), lo Swahili è una delle lingue nazionali in Tanzania, Kenya, Repubblica Democratica del Congo, Burundi, Uganda, è lingua ufficiale in Ruanda, in alcune aree della Somalia ed è abitualmente usato in altre aree della regione dei Grandi Laghi e dell'Africa Orientale e meridionale. Con l'eccezione della Repubblica Democratica del Congo e del Ruanda, in tutti i paese in cui lo Swahili è lingua nazionale, l'omosessualità non è solo illegale (in alcuni casi, come l'Uganda, è punita con la pena di morte) ma anche l'apparente promozione dell'omosessualità è severamente punita. Maggiori informazioni nei seguenti link: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C ha richiesto un parere legale per individuare quali rischi corrano i volontari e amministratori residenti in questi paese nell'effettuare modifiche o ripristinare contenuti che possono essere considerati promozionali dell'omosessualità anche se per standard Wikimediani (o del mondo occidentale) non sono considerati promozionali ma solo descrittivi o neutrali. Nel trattare questo caso le priorità dello U4C sono: *Tutelare gli utenti locali, specialmente coloro con diritti addizionali che possono essere erroneamente considerati come "responsabili" dei contenuti di un progetto *Tutelare i lettori e il loro diritto ad avere informazioni e contenuti neutrali '''In considerazione di ciò U4C''' # Raccomanda che la comunità della Wikipedia in Swahili lavori sulla creazione di linee guida sul punto di vista neutrale (Neutral Point of View - Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) e su una linea guida dedicata alle fonti attendibili e al loro uso (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). U4C verificherà i progressi fra 6 mesi.<br /> # Raccomanda che la comunità ricerchi informazioni o consulenza locale su come fornire contenuti informativi sui temi collegati a LGBTQ senza violare leggi nei paesi di lingua Swahili ma allo stesso tempo senza discriminare (ai sensi di UCoC). Le informazioni ottenute andranno a supporto della linea guida sul punto di vista neutrale sull'argomento. # Raccomanda che la comunità inizi una discussione sulla gestione locale degli appelli ai blocchi e su una procedura degli stessi conforme alle linee guida sull'applicazione del codice di condotta [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines]]. # Raccomanda che la comunità definisca una lista di pagine di "argomenti controversi" (partendo dal tema LGBTQ) dove, una volta create le linee guida del punto 1, queste vengano usate e applicate con particolare rigore. Allo stesso tempo: *Gli amministratori della Wikipedia in Swahili hanno un topic ban (blocco selettivo su tema specifico) dalle pagine riguardanti tematiche LGBTQ, gli interventi amministrativi legati alla moderazione di condotta e contenuto sono delegate agli Steward e ai Global sysop (gli interventi possono essere richiesti nelle pagine su Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] oppure [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Di seguito una lista non esasustiva delle pagine coinvolte: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Homosexuality, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Same sex marriage, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Una volta che i rimedi raccomandati descritti nei punti più sopra sono stati attuati gli amministratori di swwiki possono richiedere la rimozione del topic ban. }} On behalf of U4C, '''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 13:23, 31 Mei 2025 (UTC) == Vote now in the 2025 U4C Election == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{Int:Please-translate}} Eligible voters are asked to participate in the 2025 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] election. More information–including an eligibility check, voting process information, candidate information, and a link to the vote–are available on Meta at the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2025|2025 Election information page]]. The vote closes on 17 June 2025 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1750161600 12:00 UTC]. Please vote if your account is eligible. Results will be available by 1 July 2025. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 23:01, 13 Juni 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28848819 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2025 - Call for Candidates</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div> Hello all, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|call for candidates for the 2025 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees selection is now open]] from June 17, 2025 – July 2, 2025 at 11:59 UTC [1]. The Board of Trustees oversees the Wikimedia Foundation's work, and each Trustee serves a three-year term [2]. This is a volunteer position. This year, the Wikimedia community will vote in late August through September 2025 to fill two (2) seats on the Foundation Board. Could you – or someone you know – be a good fit to join the Wikimedia Foundation's Board of Trustees? [3] Learn more about what it takes to stand for these leadership positions and how to submit your candidacy on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidate application|this Meta-wiki page]] or encourage someone else to run in this year's election. Best regards, Abhishek Suryawanshi<br /> Chair of the Elections Committee On behalf of the Elections Committee and Governance Committee [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Call_for_candidates [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Bylaws#(B)_Term. [3] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Resources_for_candidates<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 17:44, 17 Juni 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28866958 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Sister Projects Task Force reviews Wikispore and Wikinews</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="message"/> Dear Wikimedia Community, The [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs Committee (CAC)]] of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees assigned [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Sister Projects Task Force|the Sister Projects Task Force (SPTF)]] to update and implement a procedure for assessing the lifecycle of Sister Projects – wiki [[m:Wikimedia projects|projects supported by Wikimedia Foundation (WMF)]]. A vision of relevant, accessible, and impactful free knowledge has always guided the Wikimedia Movement. As the ecosystem of Wikimedia projects continues to evolve, it is crucial that we periodically review existing projects to ensure they still align with our goals and community capacity. Despite their noble intent, some projects may no longer effectively serve their original purpose. '''Reviewing such projects is not about giving up – it's about responsible stewardship of shared resources'''. Volunteer time, staff support, infrastructure, and community attention are finite, and the non-technical costs tend to grow significantly as our ecosystem has entered a different age of the internet than the one we were founded in. Supporting inactive projects or projects that didn't meet our ambitions can unintentionally divert these resources from areas with more potential impact. Moreover, maintaining projects that no longer reflect the quality and reliability of the Wikimedia name stands for, involves a reputational risk. An abandoned or less reliable project affects trust in the Wikimedia movement. Lastly, '''failing to sunset or reimagine projects that are no longer working can make it much harder to start new ones'''. When the community feels bound to every past decision – no matter how outdated – we risk stagnation. A healthy ecosystem must allow for evolution, adaptation, and, when necessary, letting go. If we create the expectation that every project must exist indefinitely, we limit our ability to experiment and innovate. Because of this, SPTF reviewed two requests concerning the lifecycle of the Sister Projects to work through and demonstrate the review process. We chose Wikispore as a case study for a possible new Sister Project opening and Wikinews as a case study for a review of an existing project. Preliminary findings were discussed with the CAC, and a community consultation on both proposals was recommended. === Wikispore === The [[m:Wikispore|application to consider Wikispore]] was submitted in 2019. SPTF decided to review this request in more depth because rather than being concentrated on a specific topic, as most of the proposals for the new Sister Projects are, Wikispore has the potential to nurture multiple start-up Sister Projects. After careful consideration, the SPTF has decided '''not to recommend''' Wikispore as a Wikimedia Sister Project. Considering the current activity level, the current arrangement allows '''better flexibility''' and experimentation while WMF provides core infrastructural support. We acknowledge the initiative's potential and seek community input on what would constitute a sufficient level of activity and engagement to reconsider its status in the future. As part of the process, we shared the decision with the Wikispore community and invited one of its leaders, Pharos, to an SPTF meeting. Currently, we especially invite feedback on measurable criteria indicating the project's readiness, such as contributor numbers, content volume, and sustained community support. This would clarify the criteria sufficient for opening a new Sister Project, including possible future Wikispore re-application. However, the numbers will always be a guide because any number can be gamed. === Wikinews === We chose to review Wikinews among existing Sister Projects because it is the one for which we have observed the highest level of concern in multiple ways. Since the SPTF was convened in 2023, its members have asked for the community's opinions during conferences and community calls about Sister Projects that did not fulfil their promise in the Wikimedia movement.[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WCNA_2024._Sister_Projects_-_opening%3F_closing%3F_merging%3F_splitting%3F.pdf <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Community_Affairs_Committee/Sister_Projects_Task_Force#Wikimania_2023_session_%22Sister_Projects:_past,_present_and_the_glorious_future%22 <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F <nowiki>[3]</nowiki>] Wikinews was the leading candidate for an evaluation because people from multiple language communities proposed it. Additionally, by most measures, it is the least active Sister Project, with the greatest drop in activity over the years. While the Language Committee routinely opens and closes language versions of the Sister Projects in small languages, there has never been a valid proposal to close Wikipedia in major languages or any project in English. This is not true for Wikinews, where there was a proposal to close English Wikinews, which gained some traction but did not result in any action[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Proposals_for_closing_projects/Closure_of_English_Wikinews <nowiki>[4]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F <nowiki>[5]</nowiki>, see section 5] as well as a draft proposal to close all languages of Wikinews[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:Proposals_for_closing_projects/Archive_2#Close_Wikinews_completely,_all_languages? <nowiki>[6]</nowiki>]. [[:c:File:Sister Projects Taskforce Wikinews review 2024.pdf|Initial metrics]] compiled by WMF staff also support the community's concerns about Wikinews. Based on this report, SPTF recommends a community reevaluation of Wikinews. We conclude that its current structure and activity levels are the lowest among the existing sister projects. SPTF also recommends pausing the opening of new language editions while the consultation runs. SPTF brings this analysis to a discussion and welcomes discussions of alternative outcomes, including potential restructuring efforts or integration with other Wikimedia initiatives. '''Options''' mentioned so far (which might be applied to just low-activity languages or all languages) include but are not limited to: *Restructure how Wikinews works and is linked to other current events efforts on the projects, *Merge the content of Wikinews into the relevant language Wikipedias, possibly in a new namespace, *Merge content into compatibly licensed external projects, *Archive Wikinews projects. Your insights and perspectives are invaluable in shaping the future of these projects. We encourage all interested community members to share their thoughts on the relevant discussion pages or through other designated feedback channels. === Feedback and next steps === We'd be grateful if you want to take part in a conversation on the future of these projects and the review process. We are setting up two different project pages: [[m:Public consultation about Wikispore|Public consultation about Wikispore]] and [[m:Public consultation about Wikinews|Public consultation about Wikinews]]. Please participate between 27 June 2025 and 27 July 2025, after which we will summarize the discussion to move forward. You can write in your own language. I will also host a community conversation 16th July Wednesday 11.00 UTC and 17th July Thursday 17.00 UTC (call links to follow shortly) and will be around at Wikimania for more discussions. <section end="message"/> </div> -- [[User:Victoria|Victoria]] on behalf of the Sister Project Task Force, 20:57, 27 Juni 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Sister_project_MassMassage_on_behalf_of_Victoria/Target_list&oldid=28911188 --> == Wikidata Item and Property labels soon displayed in Wiki Watchlist/Recent Changes == ''(Apologies for posting in English, you can help by translating into your language)'' Hello everyone, the [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects]] team is excited to announce an upcoming change in how Wikidata edit changelogs are displayed in your [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlists]] and [[Special:RecentChanges|Recent Changes]] lists. If an edit is made on Wikidata that affects a page in another Wikimedia Project, the changelog will contain some information about the nature of the edit. This can include a QID (or Q-number), a PID (or P-number) and a value (which can be text, numbers, dates, or also QID or PID’s). Confused by these terms? See the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Glossary|Wikidata:Glossary]] for further explanations. The upcoming change is scheduled for '''17.07.2025''', between '''1300 - 1500 UTC'''. The change will display the label (item name) alongside any QID or PIDs, as seen in the image below: [[File:Apr10 edit summary on Wikidata.png|An edit sum entry on Wikidata, labels display alongside their P- and Q-no.'s]] These changes will only be visible if you have Wikidata edits enabled in your User Preferences for Watchlists and Recent Changes, or have the active filter ‘Wikidata edits’ checkbox toggled on, directly on the Watchlist and Recent Changes pages. Your bot and gadget may be affected! There are thousands of bots, gadgets and user-scripts and whilst we have researched potential effects to many of them, we cannot guarantee there won’t be some that are broken or affected by this change. Further information and context about this change, including how your bot may be affected can be found on this [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|project task page]]. We welcome your questions and feedback, please write to us on this dedicated [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Talk page]]. Thank you, - [[m:User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] on behalf of the Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects Team. '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 12:46, 14 Julai 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_Test_List&oldid=28981877 --> == Boti ya kukaribisha ya [[user:AmmarBot|Ammar]] == Ndugu zangu wanaWikipedia. Hivi karibuni, nikiwa huko jijini Nairobi, nilikutana na Ammar. Kijana wa Kihausa kutoka nchini Nigeria. Katika maongezi yetu, tukafikia hatua ya kuzungumzia boti za kukaribisha watu. Kijana huyu alikubali kutumia muda wake mchache kuunda boti ya kukaribisha watu. Hivyo basi kila kibarua cha karibu kila wakati kimetuishia. Tafadhalini msipoteza muda wenu kukaribisha watu. Boti itafanya kazi. Tazameni: [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum%3AMichango&target=AmmarBot&namespace=all&tagfilter=&start=&end=&limit=50 Hapa] [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 13:45, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :Hii nzuri! '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 15:02, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) ::Ila BOT atachukua muda gani tangu mgeni kajiunga hadi atakapokaribishwa? '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 15:02, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Introducing Paste Check: a new Edit Check for Wikipedia == Hello! Sorry for using English language. {{int:please-translate}}. {{int:Thank-you}} Paste Check is a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|Edit Check]] feature to help avoid and fight copyright violations. When editors paste text into an article, Paste Check can prompt them to confirm the origin and licensing of the content. '''Why Paste Check?''' Paste Check benefits two audiences: * Newcomers: Many new editors are unaware of Wikipedia’s policies regarding copyright violations. Some mistakenly believe that pasting from what they consider reliable sources is the way to edit. * Experienced editors: Paste Check aims to make it easier to identify and patrol edits that may contain pasted content (which can be either legit or copyright violations), helping us save time. The goal is to reduce the rate of copyright violations by at least 10% among newer editors. '''How it works''' By default, Paste Check will be shown to editors who have published 100 or fewer edits locally. When an editor matching this requirement pastes at least 50 characters of text from somewhere else, Paste Check will ask them to confirm if they wrote the content. Two options are then available: * Keep the text – the user is then asked to explain why. * Remove the text – the text is removed. In both cases, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tags|edits will be tagged]] so that experienced editors can identify edits in which Paste Check was shown. The tag will be visible even if the final edit didn’t include any pasted text. Paste Check will trigger when text is pasted a source it doesn’t recognize as another editing environment. It won’t show up if the editor has pasted text that we can technically recognize is coming from another MediaWiki visual editor instance, MS Office, Libre Office, Google Docs, or is plain text. To start, Paste Check will only work in the visual editor. '''Get involved''' The Editing team is seeking input on the proposed user experience and configuration. We plan to test the following interface with new users ([https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&showMessage=editcheck-dialog-addref-reject-question&group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw-editcheck&language=&filter=&optional=1&action=translate please help translating it]):   [[File:Paste_Check_interface_for_September_2025's_test.png|575x575px]] We're planning to refine this interface over time, but want to start by launching a test so that we can determine whether the check is useful. We presented this interface to people who don't participate in Wikipedia, and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Paste Check#Qualitative evaluation|they found it practical and easy to understand]]. As a consequence, we would like to start by showing the feature to a fraction of newcomers for approximately 6 weeks. After this point, we will review the experiment results and decide what to do next. '''Configuration and test''' For experienced users, Paste Check will be configurable by the local communities (e.g. edit count thresholds, ignored sections and namespaces). Edits triggering Paste Check will be marked with the tag <code>editcheck-paste-shown</code> for easier tracking. You can try the proposed Paste Check interface: * visit https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/w/index.php?title=Cats&veaction=edit&ecenable=2 * Paste 50 characters or more from an external source, such as a website, to see the prompt. Your feedback is valuable! Please share your thoughts below, and ping me. {{int:Thank-you}} [[user:Trizek_(WMF)|Trizek_(WMF)]] 13:47, 18 Septemba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Trizek_(WMF)/sandbox/temp_MassMessage_list&oldid=29293687 --> :This test is planned to start on this Wednesday, 8 October. Let me know if you have any question! '''[[Mtumiaji:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Trizek (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 15:31, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Hivi karibuni Wiki yenu itakuwa kwenye mfumo wa kutoharirika. == <section begin="server-switch"/><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Soma ujumbe huu kupitia lugha nyingine]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] [[foundation:|Shirika la Wikimedia]] litafanya mbadilishano wa taarifa baina ya vituo vyake vya data. Hii itahakikisha kuwa Wikipedia na Wiki nyingine za Wikimedia zinabaki mtandaoni hata likitokea janga. Mbadilishano wa taarifa utafanyika: '''{{#time:j xg|2025-09-24|sw}}'''. Mbadilishano utaanza $muda huu: Inasikitisha kwamba, kutokana na vipingamizi kwenye [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], uhariri wa kila namna itabidi usitishwe wakati wa mbadilishano. Tunaomba radhi kwa mvurugiko huo, na tunafanya juhudi kupunguza kutokea kwa adha kama hiyo siku za ver. Bango litaanikizwa kwenye Wiki zote dakika 30 kabla ya kuanza kwa mchakato. Bango litabaki likionekana mpaka operesheni itapofikia mwisho. <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">You can contribute to the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=Centralnotice-tgroup-read_only_banner&task=view&language=&filter=&action=translate translation or proofreading] of this banner text.</span> '''Mtaweza kusoma, lakini si kuhariri, kwenye Wiki zote, kwa kipindi kifupi.''' *Hutoweza kuhariri kwa takriban saa moja {{#time:l j xg Y|2025-09-24|sw}}. *Ukijaribu kuhariri na kuhifadhi kwenye nyakati his, utaona ujumbe kukujulisha kuwa umekosea. Tunanatumaini kuwa hakuna maharirio yatakayopotea kwenye dakika hizo, lakini hatuwezi kuahidi. Ukiona ujumbe unaokuarifu kuwa unakosea, basi tafadhali subiri hadi iwe ya kawaida. Baadae utaweza kuhifadhi kuhifadhi maharirio yako. Kakini, tunashauri uweke kwanza nakala ya mabadiliko uliyofanya, kwa tahadhari tu. ''Athari nyingine '' *Shughuli za nyuma ya pazia zitakuwa za taratibu sana, na nyingine zinaweza kuachwa. Viungo vyekundu vinaweza vikasasishwa polepole kuliko kawaida. Ukianzisha makala makala ambayo tayari imeunganishwa na sehemu nyingine, kiungo kitabaki chekundu kwa muda mrefu kuliko kawaida. Baadhi ya maandishi ya muda mrefu italazimika kuyasimamisha. * Tunatarajia utekelezaji wa kimsimbo utafanyika kama kwenye wiki [juma] zingine. Hata hivyo, kuzuiwa Kwa baadhi ya misimbo itayoainishwa, kunaweza kutokea bila kuchelewa kama operesheni itahitaji baadae. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|Gitlab]] haitopatikana kwa kiasi cha dakika 90. Mradi huu unaweza kuahirishwa panapo ulazima. Unaweza [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|kusoma ratiba hiyo kwenye wikitech. wikimedia.org]]. Mabadiliko yoyote yatatangazwa kwenye mpangilio wa ratiba. '''Tafadhali shiriki habari hii na jumuia yako.'''</div><section end="server-switch"/> <span dir=ltr>[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|{{int:talk}}]])</span> 15:41, 18 Septemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29170715 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Migration to Parsoid</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> <em>[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Parsoid Read Views/Read View Announcement|Read this in another language]]</em> Hello everyone! I am glad to inform you that as the next step in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parser Unification]] project, Parsoid will soon be turned on as the default article renderer on your wiki. We are gradually increasing the number of wikis using Parsoid, with the intention of making it the default wikitext parser for MediaWiki's next long-term support release. This will make our wikis more reliable and consistent for editors, readers, and tools to use, as well as making the development of future wikitext features easier. If this disrupts your workflow, don’t worry! You can still opt out through a user preference or turn Parsoid off on the current page using the Tools submenu, as described in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration|Extension:ParserMigration]] documentation. There is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser_Unification/Confidence_Framework|more information about our roll-out strategy]] available, including the testing done before we turn on Parsoid for a new wiki. To report bugs and issues, please look at our [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Known Issues|known issues]] documentation and if you found a new bug please create a phab ticket and tag the [[phab:project/view/5846|Content Transform Team in Phabricator]]. <section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[mw:User:ABreault (WMF)|Content Transform Team]]</bdi> 19:49, 2 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ABreault (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_Foundation/Product_and_Technology/Parsoid_Read_Views/2025-10-06_Wikipedias&oldid=29381387 --> == Event Organizer Right for [[user:EUwandu-WMF|EUwandu-WMF]] == Dear Swahili Wikipedia Admins, The Community Organizing Experience team (formerly the Campaigns team) at the Wikimedia Foundation is supporting Wikimedia Arusha and Wikimedia Kilimanjaro to strengthen their capacity in adopting the CampaignEvents extension tools, including Event Registration tool for their 2025-26 General Support Funds activities. In order to implement this support, I would need the event organizer right on Swahili Wikipedia. I have also communicated this to [[user:Jadnapac|Jadnapac]] who recommended I ask for the right here. '''[[Mtumiaji:EUwandu-WMF|EUwandu-WMF]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:EUwandu-WMF|majadiliano]])''' 17:19, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]], @[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] please gather here. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 18:17, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :I support granting the event organizer right to EUwandu-WMF. '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 20:17, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Toa maoni yako: pigia kura Bodi ya Wadhamini ya mwaka 2025 == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Habarini nyote, Kipindi cha upigaji kura cha [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|uchaguzi wa Bodi ya Wadhamini wa 2025]] sasa kimefunguliwa. Wagombea wanagombea viti 2 (viwili) kwenye Bodi. Ili kuangalia ustahiki wako wa mpiga kura, tafadhali tembelea [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Voter eligibility guidelines|ukurasa wa ustahiki wa mpiga kura]]. Jifunze zaidi kuwahusu kwa [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidates|kusoma taarifa zao za maombi na kutazama video zao za ugombeaji]]. Ukiwa tayari, nenda kwenye ukurasa wa kupiga kura wa [[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/405|SecurePoll kupiga kura]]. '''Upigaji kura utaanza tarehe 8 Oktoba saa 00:00 UTC hadi Oktoba 22 saa 23:59 UTC.''' Kila la kheri, Abhishek Suryawanshi<br />Mwenyekiti, Kamati ya Uchaguzi<section end="announcement-content" /> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 04:48, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29360896 --> == Message from U4C == Dear Swahili community, (''Apologies for writing in English. A machine-translated version of this message is attached below for your convenience. In case of any discrepancies, please refer to the English version as the source.'') We have been made aware of the deletion of the article [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] and the subsequent block of @[[User:E.N. Emmanuel]] (who can appeal on their talk page).<br /> @[[User:Olimasy]], could you please briefly explain what was the reason, among those listed here [[Wikipedia:Kufuta_makala]], for the speedy deletion of that page? We would like to remind you all and the administrators of this project in particular that local admins are currently topic banned from LGBTQ related pages, and admin actions related to content and conduct moderation are delegated to Stewards and Global sysops. Any intervention concerning related content or users should be requested on Meta. You can read our motion here [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]]. This measure will remain in effect until the actions we have recommended for this project (listed here [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]] in the section U4C Actions) have been completed. If you need any help with these steps please do not hesitate to contact us. On behalf of the U4C, --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 17:51, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (''Hii ni tafsiri ya kiotomatiki'')<br /> Ndugu waswahili,<br /> Tumefahamishwa kuhusu kufutwa kwa makala [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] na kizuizi kilichofuata cha @[[User:E.N. Emmanuel]] (anayeweza kukata rufaa kwenye ukurasa wao wa mazungumzo).<br /> @[[User:Olimasy]], tafadhali unaweza kueleza kwa ufupi sababu ilikuwa nini, miongoni mwa walioorodheshwa hapa [[Wikipedia:Kufuta_makala]], kwa kufutwa haraka kwa ukurasa huo? Tungependa kuwakumbusha nyote na wasimamizi wa mradi huu hasa kwamba wasimamizi wa ndani kwa sasa wamepigwa marufuku kutoka kwa kurasa zinazohusiana na LGBTQ, na vitendo vya wasimamizi vinavyohusiana na udhibiti wa maudhui na maadili hukabidhiwa kwa Steward na Global sysops. Uingiliaji kati wowote kuhusu maudhui yanayohusiana au watumiaji unapaswa kuombwa kwenye Meta. Unaweza kusoma hoja yetu hapa [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]]. Hatua hii itaendelea kutumika hadi hatua ambazo tumependekeza kwa mradi huu (zilizoorodheshwa hapa [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]] katika sehemu ya U4C Actions) zimekamilika. Ikiwa unahitaji msaada wowote kwa hatua hizi tafadhali usisite kuwasiliana nasi. Kwa niaba ya U4C, --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 17:51, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] I’ve reviewed the deletion log, and the article has already been removed. Judging by the structure and grammar, it seems the contributor may not be fluent in Kiswahili—the article had significant linguistic and formatting issues. :While we appreciate efforts to represent diverse communities, it’s equally important that all articles meet the quality standards of Swahili Wikipedia. :In a constructive spirit, we can encourage the contributor to collaborate with others to improve the article before republishing. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 20:22, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Contributor is banned and only option for him is new account. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 08:08, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[User:Muddyb]] the first version of the article was created by the user and [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=312781 deleted] on 1 October. After being pinged yesterday the user recreated the page ([https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=315152 here]), it turned out that the user is a cross wiki abuser and the page was deleted by a Global Sysop who later [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=315181 undeleted the page] because apparently it is a translation of enwiki. Nobody of us is able to understand if that content makes sense in Swahili or if it is an automatic translation, or meets speedy deletion criteria like you mentioned. Personally speaking U4C asked that articles about contentious topics should be based on reliable sources and that content does not meet that requirement. The user is global blocked so I do not foresee cooperation. If the content meets deletion criteria please use the delete template (I think it is this one {{tl|Futa}}?) and then request deletion on Meta (here: [[:m:Global_sysops/Requests]]). I understand that this is a little complicated but it is a temporary measure. Please do not hesitate to contact us for any help or suggestion about the recommended actions in our motion. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 09:03, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] I have informed the admin team again not to interfere directly with those kinds of articles instead we should inform Stewards to take the matter. Thanks. We will surely reach out in case of anything resurfaced. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 09:33, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[User:Muddyb]] many thanks, yes the right way is to inform Stewards or Global Sysops, your guidance is of course welcome (and needed) to overcome the language barrier. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Alternate version was correctly remade by TEMPORARY ACCOUNT and makes sense. Both "Emmanuel" accounts are ABUSERS, one locally blocked and other globally blocked. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 09:18, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] Share the recreated article that makes sense, please! [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 09:34, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Recreated article with sense is here: [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 09:45, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Se non fossi impedito, metterei il template <nowiki>{{tafsiri kompyuta}}</nowiki> perché è una traduzione orripilante. Pace a te, Civvì! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:05, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :If there is consensus on deletion due to low quality please request the deletion on Meta (explaining the reasons). For sure the goal of our requests is not to lower your quality standards. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 11:05, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] na @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] The recreated article is another trash in the block. I will write global sysop to delete it. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 12:03, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::Do not forget REDIRECTS and TALKS when deleting. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 12:01, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::Four instances to delete: ::[[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]], [[Majadiliano:Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] ::[[Historia ya Ubadilishaji jinsia]], [[Majadiliano:Historia ya Ubadilishaji jinsia]] ::'''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 12:08, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::"The recreated article is another trash in the block." FOUR INSTANCES. '''[[Mtumiaji:Soggo Ionno|Soggo Ionno]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Soggo Ionno|majadiliano]])''' 12:15, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="function1"/> {{int:Hello}}. Please help pick a name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. This project will be a wiki that will enable users to combine functions from [[:f:|Wikifunctions]] and data from Wikidata in order to generate natural language sentences in any supported languages. These sentences can then be used by any Wikipedia (or elsewhere). There will be two rounds of voting, each followed by legal review of candidates, with votes beginning on 20 October and 17 November 2025. Our goal is to have a final project name selected on mid-December 2025. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <section end="function1"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:43, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29432175 --> == Kutafuta watu wa kujitolea kujiunga na kamati kadhaa za harakati. == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Kila mwaka, kwa kawaida kuanzia Oktoba hadi Desemba, kamati kadhaa za harakati hutafuta watu wapya wa kujitolea. Soma zaidi kuhusu kamati hizo kwenye kurasa zao za Meta-wiki: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Kamati ya Ushirikiano (AffCom)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds commission|Tume ya Wachunguzi Maalum (OC)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Trust and Safety/Case Review Committee|Kamati ya Mapitio ya kesi (CRC)]] Maombi ya kamati hizo yatafunguliwa tarehe 30 Oktoba 2025. Maombi ya Kamati ya Ushirikiano, tume ya Wachunguzi Maalum na Kamati ya Mapitio ya Kesi yatafungwa tarehe 11 Desemba 2025. Jifunze namna ya kutuma maombi kwa [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Committee appointments| kutembelea ukurasa wa uteuzi kwenye Meta-Wiki]].Tuma kwenye ukurasa wa majadiliano au barua pepe cst[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org na maswali yoyote ambayo unaweza kuwa nayo. Kwa timu ya Msaada ya Kamati, <section end="announcement-content" /> -[[m:User:MKaur (WMF)| MKaur (WMF)]] 14:13, 30 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:MKaur (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29517125 --> == Will you help us test an updated Databox? == ''Apologies for posting in English - you can help by translating it'' Hello everyone, recently an update has been made to the [[w:sw:Module:Databox|Module:Databox]] / [[w:sw:Template:Databox|Template:Databox]] page with the following changes: * A Wikidata logo and link to the connected Wikidata Item * New parameters <code>useImage=</code> and <code>excludeProperties=</code> can be invoked in the source code to give a greater degree of control on what the Databox displays. ** '''<code>useImage=</code>''' choose a different [[d:Property:P18|image(P18)]] to display in the Databox.<br> Example: <nowiki>{{Databox|useImage=Hubble_Ultra_Deep_Field_part d.jpg}}</nowiki><br><br> ** '''<code>excludeParameters=</code>''' hides selected Properties (and values) in from displaying in the current Databox.<br>Example: <nowiki>{{Databox|excludeProperties=P1290,P66}}</nowiki> * The parameters can be combined, separated by a pipe |:<br><code><nowiki>{{</nowiki></code><code>Databox|'''useImage='''image_file.jpg|'''excludeProperties='''P123}}</code> === How can you help? === Please help us by playing with the new features, adding Databoxes to Articles and using the new parameters (if it is good for the article). Mostly we just want to collect feedback on whether this is a positive change, is useful, interrupts your editing workflows and / or causes any issues or bugs. Only the first change (Wikidata Logo+Link) will automatically apply to existing Databoxes (may take upto 30 days from this post) or after any edit to a page with a Databox (including null-edits). The two Parameters will only show if the <nowiki>{{Databox}}</nowiki> wikitext is edited with the new parameter code.<br>[[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox#Changes_to_Databox|Find instructions to do that here]].<br> Any questions, please feel free to reply here or add them to the [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox|Talk page]].<br> Thank you, - '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 14:41, 6 Novemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_test_list&oldid=29580122 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Reminder: Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="function2"/> {{int:Hello}}. Reminder: Please help to choose name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. The finalist vote starts today. The finalists for the name are: <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Abstract Wikipedia, Multilingual Wikipedia, Wikiabstracts, Wikigenerator, Proto-Wiki</span>. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <section end="function2"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:22, 20 Novemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29583860 --> == Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 == Dear Wikimedia communities, We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year. ''Last year, we captured light. This year, we’ll capture legacy.'' In 2025, communities around the world shared the glow of Ramadan nights and the warmth of collective iftars. In 2026, ''Wiki Loves Ramadan'' is expanding, bringing more stories, more cultures, and deeper global connections across Wikimedia projects. We invite you to explore the ''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026'' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Meta page]] to learn how you can participate and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/Participating communities|sign up]] your community. 📷 ''Photo campaign on '' [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wikimedia Commons]] If you have questions about the project, please refer to the FAQs: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ/|Meta-Wiki]] * [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ|Wikimedia Commons]] ''Early registration for updates is now open via the '''[[m:Special:RegisterForEvent/2710|Event page]]''''' ''Stay connected and receive updates:'' * [https://t.me/WikiLovesRamadan Telegram channel] * [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/wikilovesramadan.lists.wikimedia.org/ Mailing list] We look forward to collaborating with you and your community. '''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 19:45, 16 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29879549 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2026 starts soon == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> ;Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2026 Dear Wiki Community, We are pleased to invite Wikimedia communities, affiliates, and independent contributors to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026]]''' writing competition on your local Wikipedia. The international campaign will run from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and aims to improve coverage of feminism, women’s histories, gender-related topics, and folk culture across Wikipedia projects. ;About the Campaign '''Feminism and Folklore''' is a global writing initiative that complements the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026|Wiki Loves Folklore]]''' photography competition. While Wiki Loves Folklore focuses on visual documentation, this writing campaign addresses the '''gender gap on Wikipedia''' by improving encyclopedic content related to folk culture and marginalized voices. ;What Can Participants Write About? Communities can contribute by creating, expanding, or translating articles related to: * Folk festivals, rituals, and celebrations * Folk dances, music, and traditional performances * Women and queer figures in folklore * Women in mythology and oral traditions * Women warriors, witches, and witch-hunting narratives * Fairy tales, folk stories, and legends * Folk games, sports, and cultural practices Participants may work from curated article lists or generate new article suggestions using campaign tools. ;How to Sign Up as an Organizer Organizers are requested to complete the following steps to register their community: # Create a local project page on your wiki [[:m:Feminism and Folklore/Sample|(see sample)]] # Set up the campaign using the '''CampWiz''' tool # Prepare a local article list and clearly mention: #* Campaign timeline #* Local and international prizes # Request a site notice from local administrators [[:mr:Template:SN-FNF|(see sample)]] # Add your local project page and CampWiz link to the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta project page]]''' ;Campaign Tools The Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced tools to support organizers and participants: * '''Article List Generator by Topic''' – Helps identify articles available on English Wikipedia but missing in your local language Wikipedia. The tool allows customized filters and provides downloadable article lists in CSV and wikitable formats. * '''CampWiz''' – Enables communities to manage writing campaigns effectively, including jury-based evaluation. This will be the third year CampWiz is officially used for Feminism and Folklore. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ Click here to access the tools]''' ;Learn More & Get Support For detailed information about rules, timelines, and prizes, please visit the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 project page]]'''. If you have any questions or need assistance, feel free to reach out via: * '''[[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta talk page]]''' * Email us using details on the contact page. ;Join Us We look forward to your collaboration and coordination in making Feminism and Folklore 2026 a meaningful and impactful campaign for closing gender gaps and enriching folk culture content on Wikipedia. Thank you and best wishes, '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 International Team]]''' ---- ''Stay connected:'' [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> == Invitation to Host Wiki Loves Folklore 2026 in Your Country == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]] Hello everyone, We are delighted to invite Wikimedia affiliates, user groups, and community organizations worldwide to participate in '''Wiki Loves Folklore 2026''', an international initiative dedicated to documenting and celebrating folk culture across the globe. ;About Wiki Loves Folklore '''Wiki Loves Folklore''' is an annual international photography competition hosted on Wikimedia Commons. The campaign runs from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and encourages photographers, cultural enthusiasts, and community members to contribute photographs that highlight: * Folk traditions and rituals * Cultural festivals and celebrations * Traditional attire and crafts * Performing arts, music, and dance * Everyday practices rooted in folk heritage Through this campaign, we aim to preserve and promote diverse folk cultures and make them freely accessible to the world. [[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026|Project page on Wikimedia Commons]] ; Host a Local Edition As we celebrate the '''eight edition''' of Wiki Loves Folklore, we warmly invite communities to organize a local edition in their country or region. Hosting a local campaign is a great opportunity to: * Increase visibility of your region’s folk culture * Engage new contributors in your community * Enrich Wikimedia Commons with high-quality cultural content '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026/Organize|Sign up to organize]]:''' If your team prefers to organize the competition in ''either February or March only'', please feel free to let us know. If you are unable to organize, we encourage you to share this opportunity with other interested groups or organizations in your region. ;Get in Touch If you have any questions, need support, or would like to explore collaboration opportunities, please feel free to contact us via: * The project Talk pages * Email: '''support@wikilovesfolklore.org''' We are also happy to connect via an online meeting if your team would like to discuss planning or coordination in more detail. Warm regards, '''The Wiki Loves Folklore International Team''' </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 13:21, 18 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=29228188 --> == Mapitio ya kila mwaka ya Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Nidhamu na Miongozo ya Utekelezaji == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Ninakuandikia ili kukujulisha kuwa muda wa upitiaji wa kila mwaka wa Kanuni za Maadili na Miongozo ya Utekelezaji umefunguliwa sasa. Unaweza kutoa mapendekezo ya mabadiliko hadi tarehe 9 Februari 2026. Hii ni hatua ya kwanza kati ya kadhaa itakayochukuliwa kwa upitiaji wa kila mwaka. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Soma maelezo zaidi na utafute mazungumzo ya kujiunga kwenye ukurasa wa UCoC kwenye Meta]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Nidhamu]] (U4C) ni kundi la kimataifa linalojitolea kutoa utekelezaji sawa na thabiti wa UCoC. Tathmini hii ya kila mwaka ilipangwa na kutekelezwa na U4C. Kwa maelezo zaidi na majukumu ya U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|unaweza kukagua Mkataba wa U4C]]. Tafadhali washirikishe habari hii washiriki wengine katika jumuiya yako popote inapohitajika. -- Kwa ushirikiano na U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:Mazungumzo ya mtumiaji:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])<section end="announcement-content" /> 21:02, 19 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29905753 --> == Join the sixth Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia 2026.png|right|250px|thumb|link=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ukraine%27s_Cultural_Diplomacy_Month_2026|Join our campaign!]] {{int:please-translate}} Dear Wikipedians! [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the sixth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''1st April''' until '''30th April 2026'''. The initiative aims to promote knowledge about Ukrainian culture abroad by creating and improving Wikipedia articles in multiple languages. This year marks the sixth edition of the campaign, which will focus on contemporary culture, making today’s artistic voices and practices more visible to international audiences. 🧩'''How to participate?''' Choose an article from the suggested list → Write an article in your language, or improve an existing one according to the rules → Add your contribution to the contest page and calculate your points → Win prizes and receive a certificate of participation → Become a promoter of truthful knowledge about Ukraine. 🧩'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Check our main page for more information]]'''. '''If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest.''' If not, then we encourage you to translate the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|landing page of the contest]] and [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MessageGroupStats?group=Centralnotice-tgroup-UCDM2026banner&messages=&language=en&x=D banner] into your own language. Also, we set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in this challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) 04:35, 1 April 2026 (UTC) </div> (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&oldid=28552112 --> == Action Required: Update templates/modules for electoral maps (Migrating from P1846 to P14226) == Hello everyone, This is a notice regarding an ongoing data migration on Wikidata that may affect your election-related templates and Lua modules (such as <code>Module:Itemgroup/list</code>). '''The Change:'''<br /> Currently, many templates pull electoral maps from Wikidata using the property [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]], combined with the qualifier [[:d:Property:P180|P180]]: [[:d:Q19571328|Q19571328]]. We are migrating this data (across roughly 4,000 items) to a newly created, dedicated property: '''[[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]]'''. '''What You Need To Do:'''<br /> To ensure your templates and infoboxes do not break or lose their maps, please update your local code to fetch data from [[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]] instead of the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] + [[:d:Property:P180|P180]] structure. A [[m:Wikidata/Property Migration: P1846 to P14226/List|list of pages]] was generated using Wikimedia Global Search. '''Deadline:'''<br /> We are temporarily retaining the old data on [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] to allow for a smooth transition. However, to complete the data cleanup on Wikidata, the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] statements will be removed after '''May 1, 2026'''. Please update your modules and templates before this date to prevent any disruption to your wiki's election articles. Let us know if you have any questions or need assistance with the query logic. Thank you for your help! [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] using '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 17:11, 3 Aprili 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29941252 --> == Request for comment (global AI policy) == <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}} A [[:m:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|request for comment]] is currently being held to decide on a global AI policy. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 00:58, 26 Aprili 2026 (UTC) </bdi> (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Codename Noreste@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30424282 --> == Ombi la kuwezesha VisualEditor kwenye kurasa za mradi (Wikipedia Namespace) == Ndugu wanajumuia, Katika kuratibu na kuendesha miradi na kampeni mbalimbali za jamii yetu hapa Swahili Wikipedia (kama vile mashindano, warsha, dashboards, na kurasa za mradi kama `Wikipedia:Mradi wa...`), tumekuwa tukikumbana na changamoto ya kiufundi. Kwa sasa, mfumo wa usarifu wa picha (VisualEditor) haufanyi kazi kwenye maeneo haya ya kurasa za miradi (Project namespace), jambo linalotulazimu kutumia mfumo mgumu wa "Source Editor" (Wiki markup) hata kwa mambo madogo kama kutengeneza majedwali au muundo wa kurasa. Ili kurahisisha kazi kwa waratibu na wahariri wanaotengeneza kurasa hizi za kampeni, nimefungua tiketi kule Phabricator kuomba wataalamu wa Wikimedia Foundation watuwezeshe kutumia VisualEditor kwenye Project namespace ya swwiki. Wataalamu wa Phabricator wametujibu kuwa tayari wako tayari kufanya mabadiliko hayo, lakini kwa sheria za kiutaratibu, wanahitaji kuona Maridhiano ya Jumuia (Community Consensus) hapa uwanjani kwetu kwanza kabla hawajawasha mfumo huo. Wanatutanabahisha pia kuwa VisualEditor haikutengenezwa maalum kwa ajili ya kurasa za majadiliano, hivyo kunaweza kuwa na changamoto ndogo za mpangilio (kama indentations) tukiiitumia kwenye majadiliano ya miradi, jambo ambalo tunaona halitazuia ufanisi wa kazi kubwa ya kuratibu kurasa zenyewe za miradi. Tafadhali naomba kura zenu za Kuunga Mkono (Support) au maoni yenu hapa chini ili tukishapata ridhaa ya pamoja, nipeleke link ya mjadala huu Phabricator na mabadiliko haya yafanyike mara moja. Unaweza kuona tiketi hiyo Phabricator hapa: [[phab:T427117|⚓ T427117 Enable VisualEditor in the Project namespace for Swahili Wikipedia (swwiki)]] Pamoja tunajenga Wikipedia yetu! {{Strong support}}--[[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 09:07, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen|majadiliano]])''' 09:26, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}-- '''[[Mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|Husseyn Issa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|majadiliano]])''' 10:58, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) {{strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 14:16, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:ChriKo|ChriKo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ChriKo|majadiliano]])''' </br>{{Strong support}}-- '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 04:41, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) dhriptjyltj9225ceizzpq2m74d70rw 1550194 1550126 2026-05-25T07:38:52Z Hussein m mmbaga 52054 /* Ombi la kuwezesha VisualEditor kwenye kurasa za mradi (Wikipedia Namespace) */ 1550194 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ * '''en:'''Welcome to the '''Swahili Wikipedia Village Pump!''' * '''sw:''' Ukurasa huu ni kwa ajili ya kuwasaidia watu wanaotaka kuboresha kamusi hii na kujadiliana mambo ya jumuiya yetu! * [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Matukio ya Kimataifa|Orodha ya Matukio ya Kimataifa]]:Unaweza kuangalia kalenda hiyo ya matukio ya kimataifa na ukipendezwa unaweza kushiriki tukio lolote iwapo utaona linakuhusu. Viungo vya jumuiya: {| class="wikitable" border="1" |- |[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]] <br/>'''Fungua hapa kuona kura kuhusu wakabidhi wapya!''' |[[Wikipedia:Makala kwa ufutaji]] |[[Wikipedia:Maboresho yanayohitajika]] |[http://tools.wmflabs.org/wikiviewstats/?locale=en&lang=sw&project=&page=&datefrom=2014-05-02&autofilter&type=world Makala zinazotembelewa sana leo hii] |[[Wikipedia:Kuzuia watumiaji]] |- |[[Wikipedia:Ubalozi]] |[[Wikipedia:Kundi la Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]] |[[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Daruser|Wikimedia Community User Group Tanzania]] |[[Wikipedia:Makala zilizoombwa]] |[https://xtools.wmcloud.org/ec Michango yote ya mtumiaji] (jaza jina) * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:CentralAuth?target= Angalia michango ya watumiaji]* [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&offset=&limit=500&type=newusers&user=&page=&wpdate=&tagfilter=&wpfilters%5B0%5D=newusers Watumiaji wapya] |} ==Kumbukumbu ya miaka iliyopita== <small>'''Majadiliano ya awali yamehamishiwa hapa:''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Kumbukumbu hadi Julai 2008]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu Julai 2008 hadi Desemba 2009]]''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu Desemba 2009 hadi Desemba 2011]]''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2012 hadi 2013]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2014]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2015]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2016]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2017]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2018-2019]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2020-2021-VI]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Kumbukumbu 2021-VI - 2022-I]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2022 - 2025 I]] </small> ==Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili== Kwa wote wanaopenda kutafakari na kujadiliana nasi namna ya kuendeleza wikipedia hii ya Kiswahili wakabidhi walianzisha kundi la '''[[meta:Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]]'''. Unaweza kujiandikisha pale kama umehariri hapa kwa muda wa mwaka moja angalau. ==Jamii / Kategoria== Ndugu zangu, kuna mtu amebadili ujumbe wa kusano kutoka JAMII kwenda kategoria. Kwa sasa inaonekana juu lakini baadaye itachukua nafasi. Huu ni uharibifu wa tafsiri. Tazama hapa: https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:1000 Inabidi tudhibiti mapema tafsiri zijadiliwe na wasemaji wa Kiswahili badala ya kikundi cha wahuni wanaojiita wafasiri. == Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025: Invitation == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:UCDM 2025 general.png|180px|right]] {{int:please-translate}} Hello, dear Wikipedians!<br/> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the fifth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''14th April''' until '''16th May 2025'''. The campaign is dedicated to famous Ukrainian artists of cinema, music, literature, architecture, design, and cultural phenomena of Ukraine that are now part of world heritage. We accept contributions in every language! The most active contesters will receive prizes. If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest. <br/> We invite you to take part and help us improve the coverage of Ukrainian culture on Wikipedia in your language! Also, we plan to set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in such a challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) </div> 16:11, 16 Aprili 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Hide on Rosé@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&oldid=28552112 --> == Vote now on the revised UCoC Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> The voting period for the revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines ("UCoC EG") and the UCoC's Coordinating Committee Charter is open now through the end of 1 May (UTC) ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 find in your time zone]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/2025/Voter_information|Read the information on how to participate and read over the proposal before voting]] on the UCoC page on Meta-wiki. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review of the EG and Charter was planned and implemented by the U4C. Further information will be provided in the coming months about the review of the UCoC itself. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well. In cooperation with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 00:34, 17 Aprili 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28469465 --> == Sub-referencing: User testing == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Sub-referencing reuse visual.png|400px|right]] <small>''Apologies for writing in English, please help us by providing a translation below''</small> Hi I’m Johannes from [[:m:Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]]'s [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes team]]. We are making great strides with the new [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing feature]] and we’d love to invite you to take part in two activities to help us move this work further: #'''Try it out and share your feedback''' #:[[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing# Test the prototype|Please try]] the updated ''wikitext'' feature [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Sub-referencing on the beta wiki] and let us know what you think, either [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|on our talk page]] or by [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/talktotechwish booking a call] with our UX researcher. #'''Get a sneak peak and help shape the ''Visual Editor'' user designs''' #:Help us test the new design prototypes by participating in user sessions – [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/gxk0taud/apply sign up here to receive an invite]. We're especially hoping to speak with people from underrepresented and diverse groups. If that's you, please consider signing up! No prior or extensive editing experience is required. User sessions will start ''May 14th''. We plan to bring this feature to Wikimedia wikis later this year. We’ll reach out to wikis for piloting in time for deployments. Creators and maintainers of reference-related tools and templates will be contacted beforehand as well. Thank you very much for your support and encouragement so far in helping bring this feature to life! </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|talk]])</bdi> 15:03, 28 Aprili 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johannes_Richter_(WMDE)/Sub-referencing/massmessage_list&oldid=28628657 --> == Pigia kura mapendekezo ya marekebisho ya Miongozo ya Utekelezaji ya UCoC na Mkataba wa U4C == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Kipindi cha kupigia kura marekebisho ya Mkataba wa Utekelezaji wa Kanuni za Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili na U4C itafungwa tarehe 1 Mei 2025 saa 23:59 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 angalia kwa saa za eneo lako]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025/Voter information|Soma maelezo kuhusu jinsi ya kushiriki na kusoma pendekezo kabla ya kupiga kura]] kwenye ukurasa wa UCoC kwenye Meta-wiki. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili (U4C)]] ni kikundi cha kimataifa kinachojitolea kutoa utekelezaji sawa na thabiti wa UCoC. Tathmini hii ya kila mwaka ilipangwa na kutekelezwa na U4C. Kwa maelezo zaidi na majukumu ya U4C, unaweza [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|kuupitia Mkataba wa U4C]]. Tafadhali washirikishe ujumbe huu wanajumuiya wenzako katika lugha yako, kadri utakavyoona inavyofaa, ili waweze kushiriki pia. Kwa ushirikiano na U4C -- <section end="announcement-content" /> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 03:41, 29 Aprili 2025 (UTC)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == We will be enabling the new Charts extension on your wiki soon! == ''(Apologies for posting in English)'' Hi all! We have good news to share regarding the ongoing problem with graphs and charts affecting all wikis that use them. As you probably know, the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|old Graph extension]] was disabled in 2023 [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EWL4AGBEZEDMNNFTM4FRD4MHOU3CVESO/|due to security reasons]]. We’ve worked in these two years to find a solution that could replace the old extension, and provide a safer and better solution to users who wanted to showcase graphs and charts in their articles. We therefore developed the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Charts extension]], which will be replacing the old Graph extension and potentially also the [[:mw:Extension:EasyTimeline|EasyTimeline extension]]. After successfully deploying the extension on Italian, Swedish, and Hebrew Wikipedia, as well as on MediaWiki.org, as part of a pilot phase, we are now happy to announce that we are moving forward with the next phase of deployment, which will also include your wiki. The deployment will happen in batches, and will start from '''May 6'''. Please, consult [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project#Deployment Timeline|our page on MediaWiki.org]] to discover when the new Charts extension will be deployed on your wiki. You can also [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|consult the documentation]] about the extension on MediaWiki.org. If you have questions, need clarifications, or just want to express your opinion about it, please refer to the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension_talk:Chart/Project|project’s talk page on Mediawiki.org]], or ping me directly under this thread. If you encounter issues using Charts once it gets enabled on your wiki, please report it on the [[:mw:Extension_talk:Chart/Project|talk page]] or at [[phab:tag/charts|Phabricator]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:07, 6 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=28663781 --> == Vandalism == I suppose the two pictures in the text [[Adidas]] are simple vandalism and do not make sence in the text. But not being active in this wikipedia, I don't know how to attract more attention to the doubtful edit of march 2023. :Nadhani picha mbili katika maandishi [[Adidas]] ni uharibifu rahisi na hazina maana katika maandishi. Lakini kutokuwa hai katika wikipedia hii, sijui jinsi ya kuvutia umakini zaidi kwa uhariri wa shaka wa Machi 2023. --'''[[Mtumiaji:ThomasPusch|ThomasPusch]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ThomasPusch|majadiliano]])''' 12:06, 12 Mei 2025 (UTC) :It has been fixed! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 12:20, 12 Mei 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Call for Candidates for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> The results of voting on the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter is [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025#Results|available on Meta-wiki]]. You may now [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025/Candidates|submit your candidacy to serve on the U4C]] through 29 May 2025 at 12:00 UTC. Information about [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|eligibility, process, and the timeline are on Meta-wiki]]. Voting on candidates will open on 1 June 2025 and run for two weeks, closing on 15 June 2025 at 12:00 UTC. If you have any questions, you can ask on [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|the discussion page for the election]]. -- in cooperation with the U4C, </div><section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|majadiliano]])</bdi> 22:07, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == Changes to the way some users are granted the right to see temporary account IP addresses == Hello! This is the [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety_Product|Trust and Safety Product]] team. We would like to share that we have decided to change the requirements for access to temporary account IP addresses. '''The impact on your community will be minimal'''. We are planning on implementing the change in the week of May 26 ([[phab:T393358|T393358]] + [[phab:T393360|T393360]] + [[phab:T390942|T390942]]). I will keep you updated about the details. We are only changing the rules for users who do not have extended rights (e.g. admins, bureaucrats, checkusers – [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Wikimedia_Access_to_Temporary_Account_IP_Addresses_Policy#requirements-for-access|see the policy for more examples]]) but their account is a minimum of 6 months old, and who have made a minimum of 300 edits on this wiki. They will lose access to IP addresses ([[phab:T393360|T393360]]), and to have it back, '''they will need to apply for the right. Admins or stewards will decide whether to grant it''' ([[phab:T390942|T390942]]). This will entail human manual work, but this method will be safer than if we continued to grant the rights automatically. We want to emphasize that there has been no user who wouldn't have extended rights to ever reveal a temporary account's IP addresses on your wiki. We made this decision based on what we heard from you, piloting wikis, particularly Romanian Wikipedians. We also consulted on options with Stewards, and had discussions on Meta-Wiki and about 20 Wikipedias with large communities. When we deploy temporary accounts to more wikis, we will evaluate the impact and may adjust our approach again. In addition, we'd like you to know that requirements for access to the [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety_Product/IP_Info|IP Info]] feature will be identical with the ones for access to the temporary accounts' IP addresses (a user will either have full information or none). '''The rationale for the change''' We chose the current numerical thresholds and automatic granting before deploying temporary accounts on any wiki. However, it’s become clear to us that these requirements are quite low and it is still too easy for bad-faith actors to gain access to temporary account IP addresses. We want temporary accounts to meaningfully improve editor privacy, so we need to be more restrictive. Our goal is to more consistently limit IP address access to only those who need it. '''How will this work''' * When a user without extended rights needs to view temporary account IP addresses, they will need to file a request for being added to the "Temporary account IP viewers" group. They will file the request to admins (the local communities will be able to decide what that process will be) or stewards (for wikis without local admins). * The software will require that the user has at least 300 edits and the account since at least 6 months. Admins and stewards will not be able to grant temporary account IP access to accounts that do not meet that criteria. This is a minimum, and we encourage you to enforce higher thresholds. * The user reviewing the request will check if the user applying for the right meets requirements and that they have provided a valid justification. The right itself will be granted through Special:UserRights. * Users who grant requests for the right will also handle removal of the right. We would also like to clarify some details. For your convenience, we will also document some of it in [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/FAQ|the project FAQ]]. {{hidden|Access to IP addresses|bg1=background-color:#eee;|2 = * '''Separation of the new right''' (checkuser-temporary-account) out to a new group ([[metawiki:Meta:Temporary_account_IP_viewer|Temporary account IP viewers]]), as opposed to technically attaching it to any [[Special:ListGroupRights|existing group]] (like patroller). We have decided to do this for a few reasons: ** '''Having access to IP addresses carries risk'''. This right is similar to checkuser. IP addresses are considered personally identifiable information (a kind of [[:en:personal data|personal data]]). Outside actors who want to access IP addresses will now need to interact with users who have this right. Users with this right should be aware of this, and alert to the possibility of suspicious access requests. ** '''Good practices for privacy protection'''. Giving access to users who are trusted but do not need access to carry on their work is not in line with good practices for processing personal data. ** '''Removal of right'''. Access to IPs will be [[phab:T325658|logged]] ([https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Log?type=checkuser-temporary-account example]). If any misuse of this right is detected, it can be taken away separately from any other permissions the user may hold. It would be difficult and sometimes also unreasonable to remove the rights unrelated to access to IP addresses. ** You may grant the new right to all users belonging to a certain existing group individually. These users must meet the criteria for Temporary account IP viewers, though. ** For clarity – all this does not affect administrators, bureaucrats, checkusers, stewards, and other groups mentioned in the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|global policy]]. * '''Activity requirement'''. With regards to users who would need to be granted access manually, the policy says that they "must edit or take a logged action to the local project at least once within a 365-day period". This requirement is not changing. }} {{hidden|Process of granting the right|bg1=background-color:#eee;|2 = * '''Formality of granting the right'''. There is no need for discussions or votes like Request for Adminship. It does suffice if a single admin makes a decision using their own judgement. * '''Additional requirements for the users applying for the right'''. ** You have autonomy over the process for granting the right. You can adopt thresholds higher than 300 edits, or disallow the "non-admin+" users to have the right. The granting process can be as basic or elaborate as you deem appropriate. ** Which criteria admins should take when deciding whether to grant the right – how to tell whether a user needs access to IP addresses? There are no mandatory requirements beyond a minimum of 300 edits and a 6 month old account. You may introduce additional criteria related to trust to the user (such as no prior blocks or copyright violations) or experience in patrolling activities. * '''Additional burden on administrators'''. We understand the toil of having to grant and remove an additional right. This is indeed a downside. We think that it will only have to be a one-time effort to grant this right to a larger number of people. We are curious if you can find ways to limit this burden. }} '''Next steps on your side we would like to suggest''' * We are encouraging you to consider '''adopting a policy''' on granting and removing the right, if you think you need to add anything to the global policy. * We are encouraging you to '''start granting the right'''. Considering our data (up to a few non-functionaries have ever revealed temporary account IP addresses here), we believe you don't need to rush or spend a lot of time preparing for this before the change comes into force, though. * We would like to show you what level of wiki-bureaucracy seems sufficient from our point of view. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=28667152 In the sandbox], we have created a draft of what a page with requests for the flag could look like. Of course the final content of the page will depend on your community. We do not want to imply that we are instructing you on this matter. Let us know if you have any questions. Thank you! [[metawiki:User:NKohli_(WMF)|NKohli (WMF)]] and '''[[Mtumiaji:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 02:27, 16 Mei 2025 (UTC) == RfC ongoing regarding Abstract Wikipedia (and your project) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''(Apologies for posting in English, if this is not your first language)'' Hello all! We opened a discussion on Meta about a very delicate issue for the development of [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia]]: where to store the abstract content that will be developed through functions from Wikifunctions and data from Wikidata. Since some of the hypothesis involve your project, we wanted to hear your thoughts too. We want to make the decision process clear: we do not yet know which option we want to use, which is why we are consulting here. We will take the arguments from the Wikimedia communities into account, and we want to consult with the different communities and hear arguments that will help us with the decision. The decision will be made and communicated after the consultation period by the Foundation. You can read the various hypothesis and have your say at [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content|Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 15:27, 22 Mei 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=28768453 --> == Uchaguzi wa Bodi ya Wadhamini ya Wikimedia Foundation mwaka 2025 na Wito wa Maswali == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Wapendwa wote, Mwaka huu, Muda wa Wadhamini 2 (wawili) waliochaguliwa na jumuiya na Washirika kwenye Bodi ya Wadhamini ya Shirika la Wikimedia Foundation utakamilika [1]. Bodi inakaribisha harakati nzima kushiriki katika mchakato wa uteuzi wa mwaka huu na kupiga kura kujaza viti hivyo. Kamati ya Uchaguzi inasimamia mchakato huu kwa msaada kutoka kwa wafanyakazi wa Shirika [2]. Kamati ya Utawala inayoundwa na wadhamini ambao si wagombea katika mchakato wa uteuzi wa wadhamini waliochaguliwa na jumuiya na washirika wa mwaka 2025 (Raju Narisetti, Shani Evenstein Sigalov, Lorenzo Losa, Kathy Collins, Victoria Doronina na Esra’a Al Shafei) [3], ina jukumu la kutoa usimamizi wa Bodi ya wadhamini kwa ajili ya kuweka taarifa kwa Bodi ya wadhamini. Maelezo zaidi kuhusu majukumu ya Kamati ya Uchaguzi, Bodi, na wafanyakazi yako hapa [4]. Hapa kuna tarehe kuu zilizopangwa: * Mei 22 – Juni 5: Tangazo (mawasiliano hayo) na mwito wa kipindi cha maswali * Juni 17 – Julai 1, 2025: Wito wa wagombea * Julai 2025: Ikihitajika, washirika hupigia kura wagombea waliopo kwenye orodha fupi ikiwa 10 au zaidi wataomba [5] * Agosti 2025: Kipindi cha kampeni * Agosti – Septemba 2025: Kipindi cha wiki mbili cha kupiga kura kwa jumuiya * Oktoba – Novemba 2025: Ukaguzi wa usuli wa watahiniwa waliochaguliwa * Mkutano wa Bodi mnamo Decemba 2025: Wadhamini wapya wamekaa kwenye kiti Jifunze zaidi kuhusu uchaguzi wa 2025 - ikiwa ni pamoja na ratiba ya kina ya matukio, mchakato wa kugombea, sheria za kampeni na vigezo vya kustahiki kwa mpiga kura - kwenye ukurasa huu wa Meta-wiki [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025|[kiungo]]]. '''Wito wa Maswali''' Katika kila mchakato wa uchaguzi, jumuiya ina fursa ya kuwasilisha maswali kwa wagombea wa Bodi ya Wadhamini kujibu. Kamati ya Uchaguzi huchagua maswali kutoka kwenye orodha iliyoandaliwa na jumuiya ili wagombea wajibu. Wagombea lazima wajibu maswali yote yanayohitajika katika maombi ili kustahiki; vinginevyo maombi yao yatakataliwa. Mwaka huu, Kamati ya Uchaguzi itachagua maswali 5 kwa wagombea kujibu. Maswali yaliyochaguliwa yanaweza kuwa mchanganyiko wa yale yaliyowasilishwa kutoka kwa jumuiya, ikiwa yanafanana au yanahusiana. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates|[kiungo]]] '''Watu wa kujitolea katika uchaguzi''' Njia nyingine ya kuhusika katika mchakato wa uchaguzi wa mwaka 2025 ni kuwa Mtu wa Kujitolea katika Uchaguzi. Watu wa Kujitolea katika Uchaguzi ni daraja kati ya Kamati ya Uchaguzi na jumuiya zao. Wanasaidia kuhakikisha jumuiya inawakilishwa na kuwahamasisha kupiga kura. Jifunze zaidi kuhusu mpango na jinsi ya kujiunga kwenye ukurasa huu wa Meta-wiki [[m:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Election_volunteers|[kiungo]]]. Asante! [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Results [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Committee:Elections_Committee_Charter [3] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resolution:Committee_Membership,_December_2024 [4] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Roles [5] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/FAQ [6] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates Salamu sana, Victoria Doronina Uhusiano wa Bodi na Kamati ya Uchaguzi Kamati ya Utawala<section end="announcement-content" /> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 03:08, 28 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == U4C case - conclusion == Hello Swahili community, <br /> first of all I would like to apologize for writing in English, an automatic translation in Swahili will follow but we are aware that automatic translations in your language are not very good so we will need your help to make sure that the text is understandable. On 21 December 2024 a request to U4C was filed here: [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Cases/Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia]]. Some deadlines were extended and we are aware that it took us a long time to conclude the case. I will report our conclusion below in English and with translation in Swahili. I will add also a translation in Italian which is a language one of your most active users (sysop and bureaucrat) is familiar with. Please contact the committee for any clarification needed. As a coordinating committee we would also like to offer our support if you need help with the requested actions. === U4C Motion === (The original text with votes is here: [[:m:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Cases/Sysop_abuse_in_Swahili_Wikipedia#Motions]]) According to UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), Swahili is among the 10 most widely spoken languages in the world, with more than 200 million speakers and it is one of the ''lingua franca'' in many countries within East, Central and Southern Africa as well as in the Middle East. According to Wikipedia ([[:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), Swahili is one of the national languages in Tanzania, Kenya, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Burundi, Uganda, it is an official language of Rwanda, in some areas of Somalia and is spoken in other areas in the African Great Lakes region and East and Southern Africa. With the exception of Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda, in all the countries where Swahili is national language, homosexuality is not only illegal (in some cases - Uganda - with death penalty as punishment) but apparent "promotion" of homosexuality is also severely punished. More about this in following links: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C requested a legal opinion to assess what risks editors and administrators residing in those countries could face in editing or restoring content which may be considered to "promote" homosexuality even if for Wikimedian (or Western) standards that content would not be considered promotional but only neutral or descriptive. The U4C's priorities in this case are: *Protect local users, especially advanced right holders who could be misinterpreted as "responsible" for the content of a project *Protect all the readers and their right to have neutral and informative content '''U4C Actions''' # Recommend that the Swahili Wikipedia community work on a guideline about Neutral Point of View (Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) and a guideline about reliable sources (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). The U4C will review progress in 6 months.<br /> # Recommend that the community seek local expertise on how it is permissible to educate a reader about topics related to LGBTQ issues without violating laws in Swahili-speaking countries and at the same time avoiding discrimination (as per the UCoC). Use this information to support NPOV on these topics. # Recommend that the community start discussing on dealing with local appeals and creating a procedure for this compliant with the [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines]]. # Recommend that the community define a list of pages or "contentious topics" (starting from LGBTQ topics) where, once created, the above mentioned policies are particularly used/applied more strictly. At the same time: *Administrators on Swahili Wikipedia (swwiki) are topic banned from LGBTQ related pages, with admin actions related to content and conduct moderation delegated to Stewards and Global sysops (any interventions can be requested on Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] or [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Here is a non-exhaustive list of pages that are covered: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Homosexuality, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Same sex marriage, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Once the recommended measures as described above are set up, swwiki admins may appeal to the topic ban. === Translation in Swahili === ''This is an automatic translation, please kindly fix mistakes or parts which need clarification.'' Kulingana na UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), Kiswahili ni miongoni mwa lugha 10 zinazozungumzwa na watu wengi zaidi duniani, ikiwa na wazungumzaji zaidi ya milioni 200 na ni mojawapo ya ''lingua franca'' katika nchi nyingi za Mashariki, Kati na Kusini mwa Afrika na pia Mashariki ya Kati. Kwa mujibu wa Wikipedia ([[:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), Kiswahili ni mojawapo ya lugha za kitaifa nchini Tanzania, Kenya, Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo, Burundi, Uganda, ni lugha rasmi ya Rwanda, katika baadhi ya maeneo ya Somalia na inazungumzwa katika maeneo mengine katika eneo la Maziwa Makuu ya Afrika na Afrika Mashariki na Kusini. Isipokuwa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo na Rwanda, katika nchi zote ambako Kiswahili ni lugha ya taifa, ushoga sio tu ni kinyume cha sheria (katika baadhi ya matukio - Uganda - na adhabu ya kifo kama adhabu) lakini "kukuza" kwa ushoga pia kunaadhibiwa vikali. Zaidi kuhusu hili katika viungo vifuatavyo: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C iliomba maoni ya kisheria ili kutathmini hatari ambazo wahariri na wasimamizi wanaoishi katika nchi hizo wanaweza kukabiliana nazo katika kuhariri au kurejesha maudhui ambayo yanaweza kuchukuliwa kuwa "kukuza" ushoga hata kama kwa viwango vya Wikimedian (au Magharibi) maudhui hayo hayatachukuliwa kuwa ya utangazaji bali yasiyoegemea upande wowote au maelezo. Vipaumbele vya U4C katika kesi hii ni: *Linda watumiaji wa ndani, haswa wamiliki wa haki wa hali ya juu ambao wanaweza kutafsiriwa vibaya kama "wajibiki" kwa maudhui ya mradi. *Linda wasomaji wote na haki yao ya kuwa na maudhui yasiyoegemea upande wowote na yenye taarifa '''Vitendo vya U4C''' # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya ya Wikipedia ya Kiswahili ifanyie kazi mwongozo kuhusu Mtazamo wa Kuegemea (Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) na mwongozo kuhusu vyanzo vya kuaminika (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). U4C itakagua maendeleo baada ya miezi 6.<br /> # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya itafute utaalamu wa ndani kuhusu jinsi inavyoruhusiwa kuelimisha msomaji kuhusu mada zinazohusiana na masuala ya LGBTQ bila kukiuka sheria katika nchi zinazozungumza Kiswahili na wakati huo huo kuepuka ubaguzi (kulingana na UCoC). Tumia habari hii kusaidia NPOV kwenye mada hizi. # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya ianze kujadiliana kuhusu kushughulikia rufaa za eneo lako na kuunda utaratibu wa kutii [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines|Mwongozo wa Utekelezaji]]. # Pendekeza kwamba jumuia ifafanue orodha ya kurasa au "mada zinazogombana" (kuanzia mada za LGBTQ) ambapo, mara tu zikiundwa, sera zilizotajwa hapo juu hutumiwa/hutumiwa kwa ukali zaidi. Wakati huo huo: *Wasimamizi kwenye Wikipedia ya Kiswahili (swwiki) wamepigwa marufuku kwenye kurasa zinazohusiana na LGBTQ, huku vitendo vya wasimamizi vinavyohusiana na udhibiti wa maudhui na maadili vimekabidhiwa kwa Stewards na Global sysops (afua zozote zinaweza kuombwa kwenye Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] au [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Hapa kuna orodha isiyo kamili ya kurasa ambazo zimefunikwa: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Ushoga, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Ndoa ya jinsia moja, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Baada ya hatua zilizopendekezwa kama ilivyoelezwa hapo juu kusanidiwa, wasimamizi wa swwiki wanaweza kukata rufaa dhidi ya marufuku ya mada. {{hidden | style = border: 1px black; width: 100%; | headerstyle = background:#f5f5f5 | contentstyle = | header = Translation in Italian/Tafsiri katika Kiitaliano | content = Secondo l'UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), lo Swahili è tra le 10 lingue più parlate al mondo con oltre 200 milioni di persone che lo parlano ed è una "lingue franche" in diversi paese dell'Africa orientale, centrale e meridionale nonché nel Medio-Oriente. Secondo Wikipedia ([[:en:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), lo Swahili è una delle lingue nazionali in Tanzania, Kenya, Repubblica Democratica del Congo, Burundi, Uganda, è lingua ufficiale in Ruanda, in alcune aree della Somalia ed è abitualmente usato in altre aree della regione dei Grandi Laghi e dell'Africa Orientale e meridionale. Con l'eccezione della Repubblica Democratica del Congo e del Ruanda, in tutti i paese in cui lo Swahili è lingua nazionale, l'omosessualità non è solo illegale (in alcuni casi, come l'Uganda, è punita con la pena di morte) ma anche l'apparente promozione dell'omosessualità è severamente punita. Maggiori informazioni nei seguenti link: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C ha richiesto un parere legale per individuare quali rischi corrano i volontari e amministratori residenti in questi paese nell'effettuare modifiche o ripristinare contenuti che possono essere considerati promozionali dell'omosessualità anche se per standard Wikimediani (o del mondo occidentale) non sono considerati promozionali ma solo descrittivi o neutrali. Nel trattare questo caso le priorità dello U4C sono: *Tutelare gli utenti locali, specialmente coloro con diritti addizionali che possono essere erroneamente considerati come "responsabili" dei contenuti di un progetto *Tutelare i lettori e il loro diritto ad avere informazioni e contenuti neutrali '''In considerazione di ciò U4C''' # Raccomanda che la comunità della Wikipedia in Swahili lavori sulla creazione di linee guida sul punto di vista neutrale (Neutral Point of View - Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) e su una linea guida dedicata alle fonti attendibili e al loro uso (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). U4C verificherà i progressi fra 6 mesi.<br /> # Raccomanda che la comunità ricerchi informazioni o consulenza locale su come fornire contenuti informativi sui temi collegati a LGBTQ senza violare leggi nei paesi di lingua Swahili ma allo stesso tempo senza discriminare (ai sensi di UCoC). Le informazioni ottenute andranno a supporto della linea guida sul punto di vista neutrale sull'argomento. # Raccomanda che la comunità inizi una discussione sulla gestione locale degli appelli ai blocchi e su una procedura degli stessi conforme alle linee guida sull'applicazione del codice di condotta [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines]]. # Raccomanda che la comunità definisca una lista di pagine di "argomenti controversi" (partendo dal tema LGBTQ) dove, una volta create le linee guida del punto 1, queste vengano usate e applicate con particolare rigore. Allo stesso tempo: *Gli amministratori della Wikipedia in Swahili hanno un topic ban (blocco selettivo su tema specifico) dalle pagine riguardanti tematiche LGBTQ, gli interventi amministrativi legati alla moderazione di condotta e contenuto sono delegate agli Steward e ai Global sysop (gli interventi possono essere richiesti nelle pagine su Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] oppure [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Di seguito una lista non esasustiva delle pagine coinvolte: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Homosexuality, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Same sex marriage, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Una volta che i rimedi raccomandati descritti nei punti più sopra sono stati attuati gli amministratori di swwiki possono richiedere la rimozione del topic ban. }} On behalf of U4C, '''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 13:23, 31 Mei 2025 (UTC) == Vote now in the 2025 U4C Election == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{Int:Please-translate}} Eligible voters are asked to participate in the 2025 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] election. More information–including an eligibility check, voting process information, candidate information, and a link to the vote–are available on Meta at the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2025|2025 Election information page]]. The vote closes on 17 June 2025 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1750161600 12:00 UTC]. Please vote if your account is eligible. Results will be available by 1 July 2025. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 23:01, 13 Juni 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28848819 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2025 - Call for Candidates</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div> Hello all, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|call for candidates for the 2025 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees selection is now open]] from June 17, 2025 – July 2, 2025 at 11:59 UTC [1]. The Board of Trustees oversees the Wikimedia Foundation's work, and each Trustee serves a three-year term [2]. This is a volunteer position. This year, the Wikimedia community will vote in late August through September 2025 to fill two (2) seats on the Foundation Board. Could you – or someone you know – be a good fit to join the Wikimedia Foundation's Board of Trustees? [3] Learn more about what it takes to stand for these leadership positions and how to submit your candidacy on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidate application|this Meta-wiki page]] or encourage someone else to run in this year's election. Best regards, Abhishek Suryawanshi<br /> Chair of the Elections Committee On behalf of the Elections Committee and Governance Committee [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Call_for_candidates [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Bylaws#(B)_Term. [3] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Resources_for_candidates<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 17:44, 17 Juni 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28866958 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Sister Projects Task Force reviews Wikispore and Wikinews</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="message"/> Dear Wikimedia Community, The [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs Committee (CAC)]] of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees assigned [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Sister Projects Task Force|the Sister Projects Task Force (SPTF)]] to update and implement a procedure for assessing the lifecycle of Sister Projects – wiki [[m:Wikimedia projects|projects supported by Wikimedia Foundation (WMF)]]. A vision of relevant, accessible, and impactful free knowledge has always guided the Wikimedia Movement. As the ecosystem of Wikimedia projects continues to evolve, it is crucial that we periodically review existing projects to ensure they still align with our goals and community capacity. Despite their noble intent, some projects may no longer effectively serve their original purpose. '''Reviewing such projects is not about giving up – it's about responsible stewardship of shared resources'''. Volunteer time, staff support, infrastructure, and community attention are finite, and the non-technical costs tend to grow significantly as our ecosystem has entered a different age of the internet than the one we were founded in. Supporting inactive projects or projects that didn't meet our ambitions can unintentionally divert these resources from areas with more potential impact. Moreover, maintaining projects that no longer reflect the quality and reliability of the Wikimedia name stands for, involves a reputational risk. An abandoned or less reliable project affects trust in the Wikimedia movement. Lastly, '''failing to sunset or reimagine projects that are no longer working can make it much harder to start new ones'''. When the community feels bound to every past decision – no matter how outdated – we risk stagnation. A healthy ecosystem must allow for evolution, adaptation, and, when necessary, letting go. If we create the expectation that every project must exist indefinitely, we limit our ability to experiment and innovate. Because of this, SPTF reviewed two requests concerning the lifecycle of the Sister Projects to work through and demonstrate the review process. We chose Wikispore as a case study for a possible new Sister Project opening and Wikinews as a case study for a review of an existing project. Preliminary findings were discussed with the CAC, and a community consultation on both proposals was recommended. === Wikispore === The [[m:Wikispore|application to consider Wikispore]] was submitted in 2019. SPTF decided to review this request in more depth because rather than being concentrated on a specific topic, as most of the proposals for the new Sister Projects are, Wikispore has the potential to nurture multiple start-up Sister Projects. After careful consideration, the SPTF has decided '''not to recommend''' Wikispore as a Wikimedia Sister Project. Considering the current activity level, the current arrangement allows '''better flexibility''' and experimentation while WMF provides core infrastructural support. We acknowledge the initiative's potential and seek community input on what would constitute a sufficient level of activity and engagement to reconsider its status in the future. As part of the process, we shared the decision with the Wikispore community and invited one of its leaders, Pharos, to an SPTF meeting. Currently, we especially invite feedback on measurable criteria indicating the project's readiness, such as contributor numbers, content volume, and sustained community support. This would clarify the criteria sufficient for opening a new Sister Project, including possible future Wikispore re-application. However, the numbers will always be a guide because any number can be gamed. === Wikinews === We chose to review Wikinews among existing Sister Projects because it is the one for which we have observed the highest level of concern in multiple ways. Since the SPTF was convened in 2023, its members have asked for the community's opinions during conferences and community calls about Sister Projects that did not fulfil their promise in the Wikimedia movement.[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WCNA_2024._Sister_Projects_-_opening%3F_closing%3F_merging%3F_splitting%3F.pdf <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Community_Affairs_Committee/Sister_Projects_Task_Force#Wikimania_2023_session_%22Sister_Projects:_past,_present_and_the_glorious_future%22 <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F <nowiki>[3]</nowiki>] Wikinews was the leading candidate for an evaluation because people from multiple language communities proposed it. Additionally, by most measures, it is the least active Sister Project, with the greatest drop in activity over the years. While the Language Committee routinely opens and closes language versions of the Sister Projects in small languages, there has never been a valid proposal to close Wikipedia in major languages or any project in English. This is not true for Wikinews, where there was a proposal to close English Wikinews, which gained some traction but did not result in any action[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Proposals_for_closing_projects/Closure_of_English_Wikinews <nowiki>[4]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F <nowiki>[5]</nowiki>, see section 5] as well as a draft proposal to close all languages of Wikinews[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:Proposals_for_closing_projects/Archive_2#Close_Wikinews_completely,_all_languages? <nowiki>[6]</nowiki>]. [[:c:File:Sister Projects Taskforce Wikinews review 2024.pdf|Initial metrics]] compiled by WMF staff also support the community's concerns about Wikinews. Based on this report, SPTF recommends a community reevaluation of Wikinews. We conclude that its current structure and activity levels are the lowest among the existing sister projects. SPTF also recommends pausing the opening of new language editions while the consultation runs. SPTF brings this analysis to a discussion and welcomes discussions of alternative outcomes, including potential restructuring efforts or integration with other Wikimedia initiatives. '''Options''' mentioned so far (which might be applied to just low-activity languages or all languages) include but are not limited to: *Restructure how Wikinews works and is linked to other current events efforts on the projects, *Merge the content of Wikinews into the relevant language Wikipedias, possibly in a new namespace, *Merge content into compatibly licensed external projects, *Archive Wikinews projects. Your insights and perspectives are invaluable in shaping the future of these projects. We encourage all interested community members to share their thoughts on the relevant discussion pages or through other designated feedback channels. === Feedback and next steps === We'd be grateful if you want to take part in a conversation on the future of these projects and the review process. We are setting up two different project pages: [[m:Public consultation about Wikispore|Public consultation about Wikispore]] and [[m:Public consultation about Wikinews|Public consultation about Wikinews]]. Please participate between 27 June 2025 and 27 July 2025, after which we will summarize the discussion to move forward. You can write in your own language. I will also host a community conversation 16th July Wednesday 11.00 UTC and 17th July Thursday 17.00 UTC (call links to follow shortly) and will be around at Wikimania for more discussions. <section end="message"/> </div> -- [[User:Victoria|Victoria]] on behalf of the Sister Project Task Force, 20:57, 27 Juni 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Sister_project_MassMassage_on_behalf_of_Victoria/Target_list&oldid=28911188 --> == Wikidata Item and Property labels soon displayed in Wiki Watchlist/Recent Changes == ''(Apologies for posting in English, you can help by translating into your language)'' Hello everyone, the [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects]] team is excited to announce an upcoming change in how Wikidata edit changelogs are displayed in your [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlists]] and [[Special:RecentChanges|Recent Changes]] lists. If an edit is made on Wikidata that affects a page in another Wikimedia Project, the changelog will contain some information about the nature of the edit. This can include a QID (or Q-number), a PID (or P-number) and a value (which can be text, numbers, dates, or also QID or PID’s). Confused by these terms? See the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Glossary|Wikidata:Glossary]] for further explanations. The upcoming change is scheduled for '''17.07.2025''', between '''1300 - 1500 UTC'''. The change will display the label (item name) alongside any QID or PIDs, as seen in the image below: [[File:Apr10 edit summary on Wikidata.png|An edit sum entry on Wikidata, labels display alongside their P- and Q-no.'s]] These changes will only be visible if you have Wikidata edits enabled in your User Preferences for Watchlists and Recent Changes, or have the active filter ‘Wikidata edits’ checkbox toggled on, directly on the Watchlist and Recent Changes pages. Your bot and gadget may be affected! There are thousands of bots, gadgets and user-scripts and whilst we have researched potential effects to many of them, we cannot guarantee there won’t be some that are broken or affected by this change. Further information and context about this change, including how your bot may be affected can be found on this [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|project task page]]. We welcome your questions and feedback, please write to us on this dedicated [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Talk page]]. Thank you, - [[m:User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] on behalf of the Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects Team. '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 12:46, 14 Julai 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_Test_List&oldid=28981877 --> == Boti ya kukaribisha ya [[user:AmmarBot|Ammar]] == Ndugu zangu wanaWikipedia. Hivi karibuni, nikiwa huko jijini Nairobi, nilikutana na Ammar. Kijana wa Kihausa kutoka nchini Nigeria. Katika maongezi yetu, tukafikia hatua ya kuzungumzia boti za kukaribisha watu. Kijana huyu alikubali kutumia muda wake mchache kuunda boti ya kukaribisha watu. Hivyo basi kila kibarua cha karibu kila wakati kimetuishia. Tafadhalini msipoteza muda wenu kukaribisha watu. Boti itafanya kazi. Tazameni: [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum%3AMichango&target=AmmarBot&namespace=all&tagfilter=&start=&end=&limit=50 Hapa] [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 13:45, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :Hii nzuri! '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 15:02, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) ::Ila BOT atachukua muda gani tangu mgeni kajiunga hadi atakapokaribishwa? '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 15:02, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Introducing Paste Check: a new Edit Check for Wikipedia == Hello! Sorry for using English language. {{int:please-translate}}. {{int:Thank-you}} Paste Check is a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|Edit Check]] feature to help avoid and fight copyright violations. When editors paste text into an article, Paste Check can prompt them to confirm the origin and licensing of the content. '''Why Paste Check?''' Paste Check benefits two audiences: * Newcomers: Many new editors are unaware of Wikipedia’s policies regarding copyright violations. Some mistakenly believe that pasting from what they consider reliable sources is the way to edit. * Experienced editors: Paste Check aims to make it easier to identify and patrol edits that may contain pasted content (which can be either legit or copyright violations), helping us save time. The goal is to reduce the rate of copyright violations by at least 10% among newer editors. '''How it works''' By default, Paste Check will be shown to editors who have published 100 or fewer edits locally. When an editor matching this requirement pastes at least 50 characters of text from somewhere else, Paste Check will ask them to confirm if they wrote the content. Two options are then available: * Keep the text – the user is then asked to explain why. * Remove the text – the text is removed. In both cases, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tags|edits will be tagged]] so that experienced editors can identify edits in which Paste Check was shown. The tag will be visible even if the final edit didn’t include any pasted text. Paste Check will trigger when text is pasted a source it doesn’t recognize as another editing environment. It won’t show up if the editor has pasted text that we can technically recognize is coming from another MediaWiki visual editor instance, MS Office, Libre Office, Google Docs, or is plain text. To start, Paste Check will only work in the visual editor. '''Get involved''' The Editing team is seeking input on the proposed user experience and configuration. We plan to test the following interface with new users ([https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&showMessage=editcheck-dialog-addref-reject-question&group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw-editcheck&language=&filter=&optional=1&action=translate please help translating it]):   [[File:Paste_Check_interface_for_September_2025's_test.png|575x575px]] We're planning to refine this interface over time, but want to start by launching a test so that we can determine whether the check is useful. We presented this interface to people who don't participate in Wikipedia, and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Paste Check#Qualitative evaluation|they found it practical and easy to understand]]. As a consequence, we would like to start by showing the feature to a fraction of newcomers for approximately 6 weeks. After this point, we will review the experiment results and decide what to do next. '''Configuration and test''' For experienced users, Paste Check will be configurable by the local communities (e.g. edit count thresholds, ignored sections and namespaces). Edits triggering Paste Check will be marked with the tag <code>editcheck-paste-shown</code> for easier tracking. You can try the proposed Paste Check interface: * visit https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/w/index.php?title=Cats&veaction=edit&ecenable=2 * Paste 50 characters or more from an external source, such as a website, to see the prompt. Your feedback is valuable! Please share your thoughts below, and ping me. {{int:Thank-you}} [[user:Trizek_(WMF)|Trizek_(WMF)]] 13:47, 18 Septemba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Trizek_(WMF)/sandbox/temp_MassMessage_list&oldid=29293687 --> :This test is planned to start on this Wednesday, 8 October. Let me know if you have any question! '''[[Mtumiaji:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Trizek (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 15:31, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Hivi karibuni Wiki yenu itakuwa kwenye mfumo wa kutoharirika. == <section begin="server-switch"/><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Soma ujumbe huu kupitia lugha nyingine]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] [[foundation:|Shirika la Wikimedia]] litafanya mbadilishano wa taarifa baina ya vituo vyake vya data. Hii itahakikisha kuwa Wikipedia na Wiki nyingine za Wikimedia zinabaki mtandaoni hata likitokea janga. Mbadilishano wa taarifa utafanyika: '''{{#time:j xg|2025-09-24|sw}}'''. Mbadilishano utaanza $muda huu: Inasikitisha kwamba, kutokana na vipingamizi kwenye [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], uhariri wa kila namna itabidi usitishwe wakati wa mbadilishano. Tunaomba radhi kwa mvurugiko huo, na tunafanya juhudi kupunguza kutokea kwa adha kama hiyo siku za ver. Bango litaanikizwa kwenye Wiki zote dakika 30 kabla ya kuanza kwa mchakato. Bango litabaki likionekana mpaka operesheni itapofikia mwisho. <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">You can contribute to the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=Centralnotice-tgroup-read_only_banner&task=view&language=&filter=&action=translate translation or proofreading] of this banner text.</span> '''Mtaweza kusoma, lakini si kuhariri, kwenye Wiki zote, kwa kipindi kifupi.''' *Hutoweza kuhariri kwa takriban saa moja {{#time:l j xg Y|2025-09-24|sw}}. *Ukijaribu kuhariri na kuhifadhi kwenye nyakati his, utaona ujumbe kukujulisha kuwa umekosea. Tunanatumaini kuwa hakuna maharirio yatakayopotea kwenye dakika hizo, lakini hatuwezi kuahidi. Ukiona ujumbe unaokuarifu kuwa unakosea, basi tafadhali subiri hadi iwe ya kawaida. Baadae utaweza kuhifadhi kuhifadhi maharirio yako. Kakini, tunashauri uweke kwanza nakala ya mabadiliko uliyofanya, kwa tahadhari tu. ''Athari nyingine '' *Shughuli za nyuma ya pazia zitakuwa za taratibu sana, na nyingine zinaweza kuachwa. Viungo vyekundu vinaweza vikasasishwa polepole kuliko kawaida. Ukianzisha makala makala ambayo tayari imeunganishwa na sehemu nyingine, kiungo kitabaki chekundu kwa muda mrefu kuliko kawaida. Baadhi ya maandishi ya muda mrefu italazimika kuyasimamisha. * Tunatarajia utekelezaji wa kimsimbo utafanyika kama kwenye wiki [juma] zingine. Hata hivyo, kuzuiwa Kwa baadhi ya misimbo itayoainishwa, kunaweza kutokea bila kuchelewa kama operesheni itahitaji baadae. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|Gitlab]] haitopatikana kwa kiasi cha dakika 90. Mradi huu unaweza kuahirishwa panapo ulazima. Unaweza [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|kusoma ratiba hiyo kwenye wikitech. wikimedia.org]]. Mabadiliko yoyote yatatangazwa kwenye mpangilio wa ratiba. '''Tafadhali shiriki habari hii na jumuia yako.'''</div><section end="server-switch"/> <span dir=ltr>[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|{{int:talk}}]])</span> 15:41, 18 Septemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29170715 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Migration to Parsoid</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> <em>[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Parsoid Read Views/Read View Announcement|Read this in another language]]</em> Hello everyone! I am glad to inform you that as the next step in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parser Unification]] project, Parsoid will soon be turned on as the default article renderer on your wiki. We are gradually increasing the number of wikis using Parsoid, with the intention of making it the default wikitext parser for MediaWiki's next long-term support release. This will make our wikis more reliable and consistent for editors, readers, and tools to use, as well as making the development of future wikitext features easier. If this disrupts your workflow, don’t worry! You can still opt out through a user preference or turn Parsoid off on the current page using the Tools submenu, as described in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration|Extension:ParserMigration]] documentation. There is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser_Unification/Confidence_Framework|more information about our roll-out strategy]] available, including the testing done before we turn on Parsoid for a new wiki. To report bugs and issues, please look at our [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Known Issues|known issues]] documentation and if you found a new bug please create a phab ticket and tag the [[phab:project/view/5846|Content Transform Team in Phabricator]]. <section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[mw:User:ABreault (WMF)|Content Transform Team]]</bdi> 19:49, 2 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ABreault (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_Foundation/Product_and_Technology/Parsoid_Read_Views/2025-10-06_Wikipedias&oldid=29381387 --> == Event Organizer Right for [[user:EUwandu-WMF|EUwandu-WMF]] == Dear Swahili Wikipedia Admins, The Community Organizing Experience team (formerly the Campaigns team) at the Wikimedia Foundation is supporting Wikimedia Arusha and Wikimedia Kilimanjaro to strengthen their capacity in adopting the CampaignEvents extension tools, including Event Registration tool for their 2025-26 General Support Funds activities. In order to implement this support, I would need the event organizer right on Swahili Wikipedia. I have also communicated this to [[user:Jadnapac|Jadnapac]] who recommended I ask for the right here. '''[[Mtumiaji:EUwandu-WMF|EUwandu-WMF]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:EUwandu-WMF|majadiliano]])''' 17:19, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]], @[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] please gather here. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 18:17, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :I support granting the event organizer right to EUwandu-WMF. '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 20:17, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Toa maoni yako: pigia kura Bodi ya Wadhamini ya mwaka 2025 == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Habarini nyote, Kipindi cha upigaji kura cha [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|uchaguzi wa Bodi ya Wadhamini wa 2025]] sasa kimefunguliwa. Wagombea wanagombea viti 2 (viwili) kwenye Bodi. Ili kuangalia ustahiki wako wa mpiga kura, tafadhali tembelea [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Voter eligibility guidelines|ukurasa wa ustahiki wa mpiga kura]]. Jifunze zaidi kuwahusu kwa [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidates|kusoma taarifa zao za maombi na kutazama video zao za ugombeaji]]. Ukiwa tayari, nenda kwenye ukurasa wa kupiga kura wa [[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/405|SecurePoll kupiga kura]]. '''Upigaji kura utaanza tarehe 8 Oktoba saa 00:00 UTC hadi Oktoba 22 saa 23:59 UTC.''' Kila la kheri, Abhishek Suryawanshi<br />Mwenyekiti, Kamati ya Uchaguzi<section end="announcement-content" /> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 04:48, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29360896 --> == Message from U4C == Dear Swahili community, (''Apologies for writing in English. A machine-translated version of this message is attached below for your convenience. In case of any discrepancies, please refer to the English version as the source.'') We have been made aware of the deletion of the article [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] and the subsequent block of @[[User:E.N. Emmanuel]] (who can appeal on their talk page).<br /> @[[User:Olimasy]], could you please briefly explain what was the reason, among those listed here [[Wikipedia:Kufuta_makala]], for the speedy deletion of that page? We would like to remind you all and the administrators of this project in particular that local admins are currently topic banned from LGBTQ related pages, and admin actions related to content and conduct moderation are delegated to Stewards and Global sysops. Any intervention concerning related content or users should be requested on Meta. You can read our motion here [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]]. This measure will remain in effect until the actions we have recommended for this project (listed here [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]] in the section U4C Actions) have been completed. If you need any help with these steps please do not hesitate to contact us. On behalf of the U4C, --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 17:51, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (''Hii ni tafsiri ya kiotomatiki'')<br /> Ndugu waswahili,<br /> Tumefahamishwa kuhusu kufutwa kwa makala [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] na kizuizi kilichofuata cha @[[User:E.N. Emmanuel]] (anayeweza kukata rufaa kwenye ukurasa wao wa mazungumzo).<br /> @[[User:Olimasy]], tafadhali unaweza kueleza kwa ufupi sababu ilikuwa nini, miongoni mwa walioorodheshwa hapa [[Wikipedia:Kufuta_makala]], kwa kufutwa haraka kwa ukurasa huo? Tungependa kuwakumbusha nyote na wasimamizi wa mradi huu hasa kwamba wasimamizi wa ndani kwa sasa wamepigwa marufuku kutoka kwa kurasa zinazohusiana na LGBTQ, na vitendo vya wasimamizi vinavyohusiana na udhibiti wa maudhui na maadili hukabidhiwa kwa Steward na Global sysops. Uingiliaji kati wowote kuhusu maudhui yanayohusiana au watumiaji unapaswa kuombwa kwenye Meta. Unaweza kusoma hoja yetu hapa [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]]. Hatua hii itaendelea kutumika hadi hatua ambazo tumependekeza kwa mradi huu (zilizoorodheshwa hapa [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]] katika sehemu ya U4C Actions) zimekamilika. Ikiwa unahitaji msaada wowote kwa hatua hizi tafadhali usisite kuwasiliana nasi. Kwa niaba ya U4C, --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 17:51, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] I’ve reviewed the deletion log, and the article has already been removed. Judging by the structure and grammar, it seems the contributor may not be fluent in Kiswahili—the article had significant linguistic and formatting issues. :While we appreciate efforts to represent diverse communities, it’s equally important that all articles meet the quality standards of Swahili Wikipedia. :In a constructive spirit, we can encourage the contributor to collaborate with others to improve the article before republishing. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 20:22, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Contributor is banned and only option for him is new account. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 08:08, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[User:Muddyb]] the first version of the article was created by the user and [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=312781 deleted] on 1 October. After being pinged yesterday the user recreated the page ([https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=315152 here]), it turned out that the user is a cross wiki abuser and the page was deleted by a Global Sysop who later [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=315181 undeleted the page] because apparently it is a translation of enwiki. Nobody of us is able to understand if that content makes sense in Swahili or if it is an automatic translation, or meets speedy deletion criteria like you mentioned. Personally speaking U4C asked that articles about contentious topics should be based on reliable sources and that content does not meet that requirement. The user is global blocked so I do not foresee cooperation. If the content meets deletion criteria please use the delete template (I think it is this one {{tl|Futa}}?) and then request deletion on Meta (here: [[:m:Global_sysops/Requests]]). I understand that this is a little complicated but it is a temporary measure. Please do not hesitate to contact us for any help or suggestion about the recommended actions in our motion. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 09:03, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] I have informed the admin team again not to interfere directly with those kinds of articles instead we should inform Stewards to take the matter. Thanks. We will surely reach out in case of anything resurfaced. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 09:33, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[User:Muddyb]] many thanks, yes the right way is to inform Stewards or Global Sysops, your guidance is of course welcome (and needed) to overcome the language barrier. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Alternate version was correctly remade by TEMPORARY ACCOUNT and makes sense. Both "Emmanuel" accounts are ABUSERS, one locally blocked and other globally blocked. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 09:18, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] Share the recreated article that makes sense, please! [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 09:34, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Recreated article with sense is here: [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 09:45, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Se non fossi impedito, metterei il template <nowiki>{{tafsiri kompyuta}}</nowiki> perché è una traduzione orripilante. Pace a te, Civvì! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:05, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :If there is consensus on deletion due to low quality please request the deletion on Meta (explaining the reasons). For sure the goal of our requests is not to lower your quality standards. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 11:05, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] na @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] The recreated article is another trash in the block. I will write global sysop to delete it. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 12:03, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::Do not forget REDIRECTS and TALKS when deleting. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 12:01, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::Four instances to delete: ::[[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]], [[Majadiliano:Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] ::[[Historia ya Ubadilishaji jinsia]], [[Majadiliano:Historia ya Ubadilishaji jinsia]] ::'''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 12:08, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::"The recreated article is another trash in the block." FOUR INSTANCES. '''[[Mtumiaji:Soggo Ionno|Soggo Ionno]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Soggo Ionno|majadiliano]])''' 12:15, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="function1"/> {{int:Hello}}. Please help pick a name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. This project will be a wiki that will enable users to combine functions from [[:f:|Wikifunctions]] and data from Wikidata in order to generate natural language sentences in any supported languages. These sentences can then be used by any Wikipedia (or elsewhere). There will be two rounds of voting, each followed by legal review of candidates, with votes beginning on 20 October and 17 November 2025. Our goal is to have a final project name selected on mid-December 2025. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <section end="function1"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:43, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29432175 --> == Kutafuta watu wa kujitolea kujiunga na kamati kadhaa za harakati. == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Kila mwaka, kwa kawaida kuanzia Oktoba hadi Desemba, kamati kadhaa za harakati hutafuta watu wapya wa kujitolea. Soma zaidi kuhusu kamati hizo kwenye kurasa zao za Meta-wiki: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Kamati ya Ushirikiano (AffCom)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds commission|Tume ya Wachunguzi Maalum (OC)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Trust and Safety/Case Review Committee|Kamati ya Mapitio ya kesi (CRC)]] Maombi ya kamati hizo yatafunguliwa tarehe 30 Oktoba 2025. Maombi ya Kamati ya Ushirikiano, tume ya Wachunguzi Maalum na Kamati ya Mapitio ya Kesi yatafungwa tarehe 11 Desemba 2025. Jifunze namna ya kutuma maombi kwa [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Committee appointments| kutembelea ukurasa wa uteuzi kwenye Meta-Wiki]].Tuma kwenye ukurasa wa majadiliano au barua pepe cst[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org na maswali yoyote ambayo unaweza kuwa nayo. Kwa timu ya Msaada ya Kamati, <section end="announcement-content" /> -[[m:User:MKaur (WMF)| MKaur (WMF)]] 14:13, 30 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:MKaur (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29517125 --> == Will you help us test an updated Databox? == ''Apologies for posting in English - you can help by translating it'' Hello everyone, recently an update has been made to the [[w:sw:Module:Databox|Module:Databox]] / [[w:sw:Template:Databox|Template:Databox]] page with the following changes: * A Wikidata logo and link to the connected Wikidata Item * New parameters <code>useImage=</code> and <code>excludeProperties=</code> can be invoked in the source code to give a greater degree of control on what the Databox displays. ** '''<code>useImage=</code>''' choose a different [[d:Property:P18|image(P18)]] to display in the Databox.<br> Example: <nowiki>{{Databox|useImage=Hubble_Ultra_Deep_Field_part d.jpg}}</nowiki><br><br> ** '''<code>excludeParameters=</code>''' hides selected Properties (and values) in from displaying in the current Databox.<br>Example: <nowiki>{{Databox|excludeProperties=P1290,P66}}</nowiki> * The parameters can be combined, separated by a pipe |:<br><code><nowiki>{{</nowiki></code><code>Databox|'''useImage='''image_file.jpg|'''excludeProperties='''P123}}</code> === How can you help? === Please help us by playing with the new features, adding Databoxes to Articles and using the new parameters (if it is good for the article). Mostly we just want to collect feedback on whether this is a positive change, is useful, interrupts your editing workflows and / or causes any issues or bugs. Only the first change (Wikidata Logo+Link) will automatically apply to existing Databoxes (may take upto 30 days from this post) or after any edit to a page with a Databox (including null-edits). The two Parameters will only show if the <nowiki>{{Databox}}</nowiki> wikitext is edited with the new parameter code.<br>[[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox#Changes_to_Databox|Find instructions to do that here]].<br> Any questions, please feel free to reply here or add them to the [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox|Talk page]].<br> Thank you, - '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 14:41, 6 Novemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_test_list&oldid=29580122 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Reminder: Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="function2"/> {{int:Hello}}. Reminder: Please help to choose name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. The finalist vote starts today. The finalists for the name are: <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Abstract Wikipedia, Multilingual Wikipedia, Wikiabstracts, Wikigenerator, Proto-Wiki</span>. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <section end="function2"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:22, 20 Novemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29583860 --> == Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 == Dear Wikimedia communities, We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year. ''Last year, we captured light. This year, we’ll capture legacy.'' In 2025, communities around the world shared the glow of Ramadan nights and the warmth of collective iftars. In 2026, ''Wiki Loves Ramadan'' is expanding, bringing more stories, more cultures, and deeper global connections across Wikimedia projects. We invite you to explore the ''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026'' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Meta page]] to learn how you can participate and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/Participating communities|sign up]] your community. 📷 ''Photo campaign on '' [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wikimedia Commons]] If you have questions about the project, please refer to the FAQs: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ/|Meta-Wiki]] * [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ|Wikimedia Commons]] ''Early registration for updates is now open via the '''[[m:Special:RegisterForEvent/2710|Event page]]''''' ''Stay connected and receive updates:'' * [https://t.me/WikiLovesRamadan Telegram channel] * [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/wikilovesramadan.lists.wikimedia.org/ Mailing list] We look forward to collaborating with you and your community. '''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 19:45, 16 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29879549 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2026 starts soon == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> ;Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2026 Dear Wiki Community, We are pleased to invite Wikimedia communities, affiliates, and independent contributors to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026]]''' writing competition on your local Wikipedia. The international campaign will run from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and aims to improve coverage of feminism, women’s histories, gender-related topics, and folk culture across Wikipedia projects. ;About the Campaign '''Feminism and Folklore''' is a global writing initiative that complements the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026|Wiki Loves Folklore]]''' photography competition. While Wiki Loves Folklore focuses on visual documentation, this writing campaign addresses the '''gender gap on Wikipedia''' by improving encyclopedic content related to folk culture and marginalized voices. ;What Can Participants Write About? Communities can contribute by creating, expanding, or translating articles related to: * Folk festivals, rituals, and celebrations * Folk dances, music, and traditional performances * Women and queer figures in folklore * Women in mythology and oral traditions * Women warriors, witches, and witch-hunting narratives * Fairy tales, folk stories, and legends * Folk games, sports, and cultural practices Participants may work from curated article lists or generate new article suggestions using campaign tools. ;How to Sign Up as an Organizer Organizers are requested to complete the following steps to register their community: # Create a local project page on your wiki [[:m:Feminism and Folklore/Sample|(see sample)]] # Set up the campaign using the '''CampWiz''' tool # Prepare a local article list and clearly mention: #* Campaign timeline #* Local and international prizes # Request a site notice from local administrators [[:mr:Template:SN-FNF|(see sample)]] # Add your local project page and CampWiz link to the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta project page]]''' ;Campaign Tools The Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced tools to support organizers and participants: * '''Article List Generator by Topic''' – Helps identify articles available on English Wikipedia but missing in your local language Wikipedia. The tool allows customized filters and provides downloadable article lists in CSV and wikitable formats. * '''CampWiz''' – Enables communities to manage writing campaigns effectively, including jury-based evaluation. This will be the third year CampWiz is officially used for Feminism and Folklore. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ Click here to access the tools]''' ;Learn More & Get Support For detailed information about rules, timelines, and prizes, please visit the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 project page]]'''. If you have any questions or need assistance, feel free to reach out via: * '''[[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta talk page]]''' * Email us using details on the contact page. ;Join Us We look forward to your collaboration and coordination in making Feminism and Folklore 2026 a meaningful and impactful campaign for closing gender gaps and enriching folk culture content on Wikipedia. Thank you and best wishes, '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 International Team]]''' ---- ''Stay connected:'' [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> == Invitation to Host Wiki Loves Folklore 2026 in Your Country == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]] Hello everyone, We are delighted to invite Wikimedia affiliates, user groups, and community organizations worldwide to participate in '''Wiki Loves Folklore 2026''', an international initiative dedicated to documenting and celebrating folk culture across the globe. ;About Wiki Loves Folklore '''Wiki Loves Folklore''' is an annual international photography competition hosted on Wikimedia Commons. The campaign runs from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and encourages photographers, cultural enthusiasts, and community members to contribute photographs that highlight: * Folk traditions and rituals * Cultural festivals and celebrations * Traditional attire and crafts * Performing arts, music, and dance * Everyday practices rooted in folk heritage Through this campaign, we aim to preserve and promote diverse folk cultures and make them freely accessible to the world. [[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026|Project page on Wikimedia Commons]] ; Host a Local Edition As we celebrate the '''eight edition''' of Wiki Loves Folklore, we warmly invite communities to organize a local edition in their country or region. Hosting a local campaign is a great opportunity to: * Increase visibility of your region’s folk culture * Engage new contributors in your community * Enrich Wikimedia Commons with high-quality cultural content '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026/Organize|Sign up to organize]]:''' If your team prefers to organize the competition in ''either February or March only'', please feel free to let us know. If you are unable to organize, we encourage you to share this opportunity with other interested groups or organizations in your region. ;Get in Touch If you have any questions, need support, or would like to explore collaboration opportunities, please feel free to contact us via: * The project Talk pages * Email: '''support@wikilovesfolklore.org''' We are also happy to connect via an online meeting if your team would like to discuss planning or coordination in more detail. Warm regards, '''The Wiki Loves Folklore International Team''' </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 13:21, 18 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=29228188 --> == Mapitio ya kila mwaka ya Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Nidhamu na Miongozo ya Utekelezaji == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Ninakuandikia ili kukujulisha kuwa muda wa upitiaji wa kila mwaka wa Kanuni za Maadili na Miongozo ya Utekelezaji umefunguliwa sasa. Unaweza kutoa mapendekezo ya mabadiliko hadi tarehe 9 Februari 2026. Hii ni hatua ya kwanza kati ya kadhaa itakayochukuliwa kwa upitiaji wa kila mwaka. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Soma maelezo zaidi na utafute mazungumzo ya kujiunga kwenye ukurasa wa UCoC kwenye Meta]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Nidhamu]] (U4C) ni kundi la kimataifa linalojitolea kutoa utekelezaji sawa na thabiti wa UCoC. Tathmini hii ya kila mwaka ilipangwa na kutekelezwa na U4C. Kwa maelezo zaidi na majukumu ya U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|unaweza kukagua Mkataba wa U4C]]. Tafadhali washirikishe habari hii washiriki wengine katika jumuiya yako popote inapohitajika. -- Kwa ushirikiano na U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:Mazungumzo ya mtumiaji:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])<section end="announcement-content" /> 21:02, 19 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29905753 --> == Join the sixth Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia 2026.png|right|250px|thumb|link=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ukraine%27s_Cultural_Diplomacy_Month_2026|Join our campaign!]] {{int:please-translate}} Dear Wikipedians! [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the sixth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''1st April''' until '''30th April 2026'''. The initiative aims to promote knowledge about Ukrainian culture abroad by creating and improving Wikipedia articles in multiple languages. This year marks the sixth edition of the campaign, which will focus on contemporary culture, making today’s artistic voices and practices more visible to international audiences. 🧩'''How to participate?''' Choose an article from the suggested list → Write an article in your language, or improve an existing one according to the rules → Add your contribution to the contest page and calculate your points → Win prizes and receive a certificate of participation → Become a promoter of truthful knowledge about Ukraine. 🧩'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Check our main page for more information]]'''. '''If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest.''' If not, then we encourage you to translate the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|landing page of the contest]] and [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MessageGroupStats?group=Centralnotice-tgroup-UCDM2026banner&messages=&language=en&x=D banner] into your own language. Also, we set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in this challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) 04:35, 1 April 2026 (UTC) </div> (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&oldid=28552112 --> == Action Required: Update templates/modules for electoral maps (Migrating from P1846 to P14226) == Hello everyone, This is a notice regarding an ongoing data migration on Wikidata that may affect your election-related templates and Lua modules (such as <code>Module:Itemgroup/list</code>). '''The Change:'''<br /> Currently, many templates pull electoral maps from Wikidata using the property [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]], combined with the qualifier [[:d:Property:P180|P180]]: [[:d:Q19571328|Q19571328]]. We are migrating this data (across roughly 4,000 items) to a newly created, dedicated property: '''[[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]]'''. '''What You Need To Do:'''<br /> To ensure your templates and infoboxes do not break or lose their maps, please update your local code to fetch data from [[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]] instead of the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] + [[:d:Property:P180|P180]] structure. A [[m:Wikidata/Property Migration: P1846 to P14226/List|list of pages]] was generated using Wikimedia Global Search. '''Deadline:'''<br /> We are temporarily retaining the old data on [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] to allow for a smooth transition. However, to complete the data cleanup on Wikidata, the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] statements will be removed after '''May 1, 2026'''. Please update your modules and templates before this date to prevent any disruption to your wiki's election articles. Let us know if you have any questions or need assistance with the query logic. Thank you for your help! [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] using '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 17:11, 3 Aprili 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29941252 --> == Request for comment (global AI policy) == <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}} A [[:m:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|request for comment]] is currently being held to decide on a global AI policy. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 00:58, 26 Aprili 2026 (UTC) </bdi> (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Codename Noreste@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30424282 --> == Ombi la kuwezesha VisualEditor kwenye kurasa za mradi (Wikipedia Namespace) == Ndugu wanajumuia, Katika kuratibu na kuendesha miradi na kampeni mbalimbali za jamii yetu hapa Swahili Wikipedia (kama vile mashindano, warsha, dashboards, na kurasa za mradi kama `Wikipedia:Mradi wa...`), tumekuwa tukikumbana na changamoto ya kiufundi. Kwa sasa, mfumo wa usarifu wa picha (VisualEditor) haufanyi kazi kwenye maeneo haya ya kurasa za miradi (Project namespace), jambo linalotulazimu kutumia mfumo mgumu wa "Source Editor" (Wiki markup) hata kwa mambo madogo kama kutengeneza majedwali au muundo wa kurasa. Ili kurahisisha kazi kwa waratibu na wahariri wanaotengeneza kurasa hizi za kampeni, nimefungua tiketi kule Phabricator kuomba wataalamu wa Wikimedia Foundation watuwezeshe kutumia VisualEditor kwenye Project namespace ya swwiki. Wataalamu wa Phabricator wametujibu kuwa tayari wako tayari kufanya mabadiliko hayo, lakini kwa sheria za kiutaratibu, wanahitaji kuona Maridhiano ya Jumuia (Community Consensus) hapa uwanjani kwetu kwanza kabla hawajawasha mfumo huo. Wanatutanabahisha pia kuwa VisualEditor haikutengenezwa maalum kwa ajili ya kurasa za majadiliano, hivyo kunaweza kuwa na changamoto ndogo za mpangilio (kama indentations) tukiiitumia kwenye majadiliano ya miradi, jambo ambalo tunaona halitazuia ufanisi wa kazi kubwa ya kuratibu kurasa zenyewe za miradi. Tafadhali naomba kura zenu za Kuunga Mkono (Support) au maoni yenu hapa chini ili tukishapata ridhaa ya pamoja, nipeleke link ya mjadala huu Phabricator na mabadiliko haya yafanyike mara moja. Unaweza kuona tiketi hiyo Phabricator hapa: [[phab:T427117|⚓ T427117 Enable VisualEditor in the Project namespace for Swahili Wikipedia (swwiki)]] Pamoja tunajenga Wikipedia yetu! {{Strong support}}--[[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 09:07, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen|majadiliano]])''' 09:26, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}-- '''[[Mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|Husseyn Issa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|majadiliano]])''' 10:58, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) {{strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 14:16, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:ChriKo|ChriKo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ChriKo|majadiliano]])''' </br>{{Strong support}}-- '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 04:41, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}-- '''[[Mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|Hussein m mmbaga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|majadiliano]])''' 07:38, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) 1ueisj6ij99jogsff53myds52980aql 1550199 1550194 2026-05-25T07:50:35Z Justine Msechu 45962 /* Ombi la kuwezesha VisualEditor kwenye kurasa za mradi (Wikipedia Namespace) */ 1550199 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ * '''en:'''Welcome to the '''Swahili Wikipedia Village Pump!''' * '''sw:''' Ukurasa huu ni kwa ajili ya kuwasaidia watu wanaotaka kuboresha kamusi hii na kujadiliana mambo ya jumuiya yetu! * [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Matukio ya Kimataifa|Orodha ya Matukio ya Kimataifa]]:Unaweza kuangalia kalenda hiyo ya matukio ya kimataifa na ukipendezwa unaweza kushiriki tukio lolote iwapo utaona linakuhusu. Viungo vya jumuiya: {| class="wikitable" border="1" |- |[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]] <br/>'''Fungua hapa kuona kura kuhusu wakabidhi wapya!''' |[[Wikipedia:Makala kwa ufutaji]] |[[Wikipedia:Maboresho yanayohitajika]] |[http://tools.wmflabs.org/wikiviewstats/?locale=en&lang=sw&project=&page=&datefrom=2014-05-02&autofilter&type=world Makala zinazotembelewa sana leo hii] |[[Wikipedia:Kuzuia watumiaji]] |- |[[Wikipedia:Ubalozi]] |[[Wikipedia:Kundi la Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]] |[[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Daruser|Wikimedia Community User Group Tanzania]] |[[Wikipedia:Makala zilizoombwa]] |[https://xtools.wmcloud.org/ec Michango yote ya mtumiaji] (jaza jina) * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:CentralAuth?target= Angalia michango ya watumiaji]* [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&offset=&limit=500&type=newusers&user=&page=&wpdate=&tagfilter=&wpfilters%5B0%5D=newusers Watumiaji wapya] |} ==Kumbukumbu ya miaka iliyopita== <small>'''Majadiliano ya awali yamehamishiwa hapa:''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Kumbukumbu hadi Julai 2008]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu Julai 2008 hadi Desemba 2009]]''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu Desemba 2009 hadi Desemba 2011]]''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2012 hadi 2013]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2014]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2015]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2016]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2017]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2018-2019]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2020-2021-VI]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Kumbukumbu 2021-VI - 2022-I]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2022 - 2025 I]] </small> ==Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili== Kwa wote wanaopenda kutafakari na kujadiliana nasi namna ya kuendeleza wikipedia hii ya Kiswahili wakabidhi walianzisha kundi la '''[[meta:Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]]'''. Unaweza kujiandikisha pale kama umehariri hapa kwa muda wa mwaka moja angalau. ==Jamii / Kategoria== Ndugu zangu, kuna mtu amebadili ujumbe wa kusano kutoka JAMII kwenda kategoria. Kwa sasa inaonekana juu lakini baadaye itachukua nafasi. Huu ni uharibifu wa tafsiri. Tazama hapa: https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:1000 Inabidi tudhibiti mapema tafsiri zijadiliwe na wasemaji wa Kiswahili badala ya kikundi cha wahuni wanaojiita wafasiri. == Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025: Invitation == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:UCDM 2025 general.png|180px|right]] {{int:please-translate}} Hello, dear Wikipedians!<br/> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the fifth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''14th April''' until '''16th May 2025'''. The campaign is dedicated to famous Ukrainian artists of cinema, music, literature, architecture, design, and cultural phenomena of Ukraine that are now part of world heritage. We accept contributions in every language! The most active contesters will receive prizes. If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest. <br/> We invite you to take part and help us improve the coverage of Ukrainian culture on Wikipedia in your language! Also, we plan to set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in such a challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) </div> 16:11, 16 Aprili 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Hide on Rosé@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&oldid=28552112 --> == Vote now on the revised UCoC Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> The voting period for the revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines ("UCoC EG") and the UCoC's Coordinating Committee Charter is open now through the end of 1 May (UTC) ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 find in your time zone]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/2025/Voter_information|Read the information on how to participate and read over the proposal before voting]] on the UCoC page on Meta-wiki. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review of the EG and Charter was planned and implemented by the U4C. Further information will be provided in the coming months about the review of the UCoC itself. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well. In cooperation with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 00:34, 17 Aprili 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28469465 --> == Sub-referencing: User testing == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Sub-referencing reuse visual.png|400px|right]] <small>''Apologies for writing in English, please help us by providing a translation below''</small> Hi I’m Johannes from [[:m:Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]]'s [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes team]]. We are making great strides with the new [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing feature]] and we’d love to invite you to take part in two activities to help us move this work further: #'''Try it out and share your feedback''' #:[[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing# Test the prototype|Please try]] the updated ''wikitext'' feature [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Sub-referencing on the beta wiki] and let us know what you think, either [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|on our talk page]] or by [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/talktotechwish booking a call] with our UX researcher. #'''Get a sneak peak and help shape the ''Visual Editor'' user designs''' #:Help us test the new design prototypes by participating in user sessions – [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/gxk0taud/apply sign up here to receive an invite]. We're especially hoping to speak with people from underrepresented and diverse groups. If that's you, please consider signing up! No prior or extensive editing experience is required. User sessions will start ''May 14th''. We plan to bring this feature to Wikimedia wikis later this year. We’ll reach out to wikis for piloting in time for deployments. Creators and maintainers of reference-related tools and templates will be contacted beforehand as well. Thank you very much for your support and encouragement so far in helping bring this feature to life! </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|talk]])</bdi> 15:03, 28 Aprili 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johannes_Richter_(WMDE)/Sub-referencing/massmessage_list&oldid=28628657 --> == Pigia kura mapendekezo ya marekebisho ya Miongozo ya Utekelezaji ya UCoC na Mkataba wa U4C == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Kipindi cha kupigia kura marekebisho ya Mkataba wa Utekelezaji wa Kanuni za Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili na U4C itafungwa tarehe 1 Mei 2025 saa 23:59 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 angalia kwa saa za eneo lako]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025/Voter information|Soma maelezo kuhusu jinsi ya kushiriki na kusoma pendekezo kabla ya kupiga kura]] kwenye ukurasa wa UCoC kwenye Meta-wiki. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili (U4C)]] ni kikundi cha kimataifa kinachojitolea kutoa utekelezaji sawa na thabiti wa UCoC. Tathmini hii ya kila mwaka ilipangwa na kutekelezwa na U4C. Kwa maelezo zaidi na majukumu ya U4C, unaweza [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|kuupitia Mkataba wa U4C]]. Tafadhali washirikishe ujumbe huu wanajumuiya wenzako katika lugha yako, kadri utakavyoona inavyofaa, ili waweze kushiriki pia. Kwa ushirikiano na U4C -- <section end="announcement-content" /> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 03:41, 29 Aprili 2025 (UTC)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == We will be enabling the new Charts extension on your wiki soon! == ''(Apologies for posting in English)'' Hi all! We have good news to share regarding the ongoing problem with graphs and charts affecting all wikis that use them. As you probably know, the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|old Graph extension]] was disabled in 2023 [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EWL4AGBEZEDMNNFTM4FRD4MHOU3CVESO/|due to security reasons]]. We’ve worked in these two years to find a solution that could replace the old extension, and provide a safer and better solution to users who wanted to showcase graphs and charts in their articles. We therefore developed the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Charts extension]], which will be replacing the old Graph extension and potentially also the [[:mw:Extension:EasyTimeline|EasyTimeline extension]]. After successfully deploying the extension on Italian, Swedish, and Hebrew Wikipedia, as well as on MediaWiki.org, as part of a pilot phase, we are now happy to announce that we are moving forward with the next phase of deployment, which will also include your wiki. The deployment will happen in batches, and will start from '''May 6'''. Please, consult [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project#Deployment Timeline|our page on MediaWiki.org]] to discover when the new Charts extension will be deployed on your wiki. You can also [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|consult the documentation]] about the extension on MediaWiki.org. If you have questions, need clarifications, or just want to express your opinion about it, please refer to the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension_talk:Chart/Project|project’s talk page on Mediawiki.org]], or ping me directly under this thread. If you encounter issues using Charts once it gets enabled on your wiki, please report it on the [[:mw:Extension_talk:Chart/Project|talk page]] or at [[phab:tag/charts|Phabricator]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:07, 6 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=28663781 --> == Vandalism == I suppose the two pictures in the text [[Adidas]] are simple vandalism and do not make sence in the text. But not being active in this wikipedia, I don't know how to attract more attention to the doubtful edit of march 2023. :Nadhani picha mbili katika maandishi [[Adidas]] ni uharibifu rahisi na hazina maana katika maandishi. Lakini kutokuwa hai katika wikipedia hii, sijui jinsi ya kuvutia umakini zaidi kwa uhariri wa shaka wa Machi 2023. --'''[[Mtumiaji:ThomasPusch|ThomasPusch]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ThomasPusch|majadiliano]])''' 12:06, 12 Mei 2025 (UTC) :It has been fixed! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 12:20, 12 Mei 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Call for Candidates for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> The results of voting on the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter is [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025#Results|available on Meta-wiki]]. You may now [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025/Candidates|submit your candidacy to serve on the U4C]] through 29 May 2025 at 12:00 UTC. Information about [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|eligibility, process, and the timeline are on Meta-wiki]]. Voting on candidates will open on 1 June 2025 and run for two weeks, closing on 15 June 2025 at 12:00 UTC. If you have any questions, you can ask on [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|the discussion page for the election]]. -- in cooperation with the U4C, </div><section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|majadiliano]])</bdi> 22:07, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == Changes to the way some users are granted the right to see temporary account IP addresses == Hello! This is the [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety_Product|Trust and Safety Product]] team. We would like to share that we have decided to change the requirements for access to temporary account IP addresses. '''The impact on your community will be minimal'''. We are planning on implementing the change in the week of May 26 ([[phab:T393358|T393358]] + [[phab:T393360|T393360]] + [[phab:T390942|T390942]]). I will keep you updated about the details. We are only changing the rules for users who do not have extended rights (e.g. admins, bureaucrats, checkusers – [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Wikimedia_Access_to_Temporary_Account_IP_Addresses_Policy#requirements-for-access|see the policy for more examples]]) but their account is a minimum of 6 months old, and who have made a minimum of 300 edits on this wiki. They will lose access to IP addresses ([[phab:T393360|T393360]]), and to have it back, '''they will need to apply for the right. Admins or stewards will decide whether to grant it''' ([[phab:T390942|T390942]]). This will entail human manual work, but this method will be safer than if we continued to grant the rights automatically. We want to emphasize that there has been no user who wouldn't have extended rights to ever reveal a temporary account's IP addresses on your wiki. We made this decision based on what we heard from you, piloting wikis, particularly Romanian Wikipedians. We also consulted on options with Stewards, and had discussions on Meta-Wiki and about 20 Wikipedias with large communities. When we deploy temporary accounts to more wikis, we will evaluate the impact and may adjust our approach again. In addition, we'd like you to know that requirements for access to the [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety_Product/IP_Info|IP Info]] feature will be identical with the ones for access to the temporary accounts' IP addresses (a user will either have full information or none). '''The rationale for the change''' We chose the current numerical thresholds and automatic granting before deploying temporary accounts on any wiki. However, it’s become clear to us that these requirements are quite low and it is still too easy for bad-faith actors to gain access to temporary account IP addresses. We want temporary accounts to meaningfully improve editor privacy, so we need to be more restrictive. Our goal is to more consistently limit IP address access to only those who need it. '''How will this work''' * When a user without extended rights needs to view temporary account IP addresses, they will need to file a request for being added to the "Temporary account IP viewers" group. They will file the request to admins (the local communities will be able to decide what that process will be) or stewards (for wikis without local admins). * The software will require that the user has at least 300 edits and the account since at least 6 months. Admins and stewards will not be able to grant temporary account IP access to accounts that do not meet that criteria. This is a minimum, and we encourage you to enforce higher thresholds. * The user reviewing the request will check if the user applying for the right meets requirements and that they have provided a valid justification. The right itself will be granted through Special:UserRights. * Users who grant requests for the right will also handle removal of the right. We would also like to clarify some details. For your convenience, we will also document some of it in [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/FAQ|the project FAQ]]. {{hidden|Access to IP addresses|bg1=background-color:#eee;|2 = * '''Separation of the new right''' (checkuser-temporary-account) out to a new group ([[metawiki:Meta:Temporary_account_IP_viewer|Temporary account IP viewers]]), as opposed to technically attaching it to any [[Special:ListGroupRights|existing group]] (like patroller). We have decided to do this for a few reasons: ** '''Having access to IP addresses carries risk'''. This right is similar to checkuser. IP addresses are considered personally identifiable information (a kind of [[:en:personal data|personal data]]). Outside actors who want to access IP addresses will now need to interact with users who have this right. Users with this right should be aware of this, and alert to the possibility of suspicious access requests. ** '''Good practices for privacy protection'''. Giving access to users who are trusted but do not need access to carry on their work is not in line with good practices for processing personal data. ** '''Removal of right'''. Access to IPs will be [[phab:T325658|logged]] ([https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Log?type=checkuser-temporary-account example]). If any misuse of this right is detected, it can be taken away separately from any other permissions the user may hold. It would be difficult and sometimes also unreasonable to remove the rights unrelated to access to IP addresses. ** You may grant the new right to all users belonging to a certain existing group individually. These users must meet the criteria for Temporary account IP viewers, though. ** For clarity – all this does not affect administrators, bureaucrats, checkusers, stewards, and other groups mentioned in the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|global policy]]. * '''Activity requirement'''. With regards to users who would need to be granted access manually, the policy says that they "must edit or take a logged action to the local project at least once within a 365-day period". This requirement is not changing. }} {{hidden|Process of granting the right|bg1=background-color:#eee;|2 = * '''Formality of granting the right'''. There is no need for discussions or votes like Request for Adminship. It does suffice if a single admin makes a decision using their own judgement. * '''Additional requirements for the users applying for the right'''. ** You have autonomy over the process for granting the right. You can adopt thresholds higher than 300 edits, or disallow the "non-admin+" users to have the right. The granting process can be as basic or elaborate as you deem appropriate. ** Which criteria admins should take when deciding whether to grant the right – how to tell whether a user needs access to IP addresses? There are no mandatory requirements beyond a minimum of 300 edits and a 6 month old account. You may introduce additional criteria related to trust to the user (such as no prior blocks or copyright violations) or experience in patrolling activities. * '''Additional burden on administrators'''. We understand the toil of having to grant and remove an additional right. This is indeed a downside. We think that it will only have to be a one-time effort to grant this right to a larger number of people. We are curious if you can find ways to limit this burden. }} '''Next steps on your side we would like to suggest''' * We are encouraging you to consider '''adopting a policy''' on granting and removing the right, if you think you need to add anything to the global policy. * We are encouraging you to '''start granting the right'''. Considering our data (up to a few non-functionaries have ever revealed temporary account IP addresses here), we believe you don't need to rush or spend a lot of time preparing for this before the change comes into force, though. * We would like to show you what level of wiki-bureaucracy seems sufficient from our point of view. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=28667152 In the sandbox], we have created a draft of what a page with requests for the flag could look like. Of course the final content of the page will depend on your community. We do not want to imply that we are instructing you on this matter. Let us know if you have any questions. Thank you! [[metawiki:User:NKohli_(WMF)|NKohli (WMF)]] and '''[[Mtumiaji:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 02:27, 16 Mei 2025 (UTC) == RfC ongoing regarding Abstract Wikipedia (and your project) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''(Apologies for posting in English, if this is not your first language)'' Hello all! We opened a discussion on Meta about a very delicate issue for the development of [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia]]: where to store the abstract content that will be developed through functions from Wikifunctions and data from Wikidata. Since some of the hypothesis involve your project, we wanted to hear your thoughts too. We want to make the decision process clear: we do not yet know which option we want to use, which is why we are consulting here. We will take the arguments from the Wikimedia communities into account, and we want to consult with the different communities and hear arguments that will help us with the decision. The decision will be made and communicated after the consultation period by the Foundation. You can read the various hypothesis and have your say at [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content|Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 15:27, 22 Mei 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=28768453 --> == Uchaguzi wa Bodi ya Wadhamini ya Wikimedia Foundation mwaka 2025 na Wito wa Maswali == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Wapendwa wote, Mwaka huu, Muda wa Wadhamini 2 (wawili) waliochaguliwa na jumuiya na Washirika kwenye Bodi ya Wadhamini ya Shirika la Wikimedia Foundation utakamilika [1]. Bodi inakaribisha harakati nzima kushiriki katika mchakato wa uteuzi wa mwaka huu na kupiga kura kujaza viti hivyo. Kamati ya Uchaguzi inasimamia mchakato huu kwa msaada kutoka kwa wafanyakazi wa Shirika [2]. Kamati ya Utawala inayoundwa na wadhamini ambao si wagombea katika mchakato wa uteuzi wa wadhamini waliochaguliwa na jumuiya na washirika wa mwaka 2025 (Raju Narisetti, Shani Evenstein Sigalov, Lorenzo Losa, Kathy Collins, Victoria Doronina na Esra’a Al Shafei) [3], ina jukumu la kutoa usimamizi wa Bodi ya wadhamini kwa ajili ya kuweka taarifa kwa Bodi ya wadhamini. Maelezo zaidi kuhusu majukumu ya Kamati ya Uchaguzi, Bodi, na wafanyakazi yako hapa [4]. Hapa kuna tarehe kuu zilizopangwa: * Mei 22 – Juni 5: Tangazo (mawasiliano hayo) na mwito wa kipindi cha maswali * Juni 17 – Julai 1, 2025: Wito wa wagombea * Julai 2025: Ikihitajika, washirika hupigia kura wagombea waliopo kwenye orodha fupi ikiwa 10 au zaidi wataomba [5] * Agosti 2025: Kipindi cha kampeni * Agosti – Septemba 2025: Kipindi cha wiki mbili cha kupiga kura kwa jumuiya * Oktoba – Novemba 2025: Ukaguzi wa usuli wa watahiniwa waliochaguliwa * Mkutano wa Bodi mnamo Decemba 2025: Wadhamini wapya wamekaa kwenye kiti Jifunze zaidi kuhusu uchaguzi wa 2025 - ikiwa ni pamoja na ratiba ya kina ya matukio, mchakato wa kugombea, sheria za kampeni na vigezo vya kustahiki kwa mpiga kura - kwenye ukurasa huu wa Meta-wiki [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025|[kiungo]]]. '''Wito wa Maswali''' Katika kila mchakato wa uchaguzi, jumuiya ina fursa ya kuwasilisha maswali kwa wagombea wa Bodi ya Wadhamini kujibu. Kamati ya Uchaguzi huchagua maswali kutoka kwenye orodha iliyoandaliwa na jumuiya ili wagombea wajibu. Wagombea lazima wajibu maswali yote yanayohitajika katika maombi ili kustahiki; vinginevyo maombi yao yatakataliwa. Mwaka huu, Kamati ya Uchaguzi itachagua maswali 5 kwa wagombea kujibu. Maswali yaliyochaguliwa yanaweza kuwa mchanganyiko wa yale yaliyowasilishwa kutoka kwa jumuiya, ikiwa yanafanana au yanahusiana. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates|[kiungo]]] '''Watu wa kujitolea katika uchaguzi''' Njia nyingine ya kuhusika katika mchakato wa uchaguzi wa mwaka 2025 ni kuwa Mtu wa Kujitolea katika Uchaguzi. Watu wa Kujitolea katika Uchaguzi ni daraja kati ya Kamati ya Uchaguzi na jumuiya zao. Wanasaidia kuhakikisha jumuiya inawakilishwa na kuwahamasisha kupiga kura. Jifunze zaidi kuhusu mpango na jinsi ya kujiunga kwenye ukurasa huu wa Meta-wiki [[m:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Election_volunteers|[kiungo]]]. Asante! [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Results [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Committee:Elections_Committee_Charter [3] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resolution:Committee_Membership,_December_2024 [4] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Roles [5] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/FAQ [6] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates Salamu sana, Victoria Doronina Uhusiano wa Bodi na Kamati ya Uchaguzi Kamati ya Utawala<section end="announcement-content" /> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 03:08, 28 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == U4C case - conclusion == Hello Swahili community, <br /> first of all I would like to apologize for writing in English, an automatic translation in Swahili will follow but we are aware that automatic translations in your language are not very good so we will need your help to make sure that the text is understandable. On 21 December 2024 a request to U4C was filed here: [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Cases/Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia]]. Some deadlines were extended and we are aware that it took us a long time to conclude the case. I will report our conclusion below in English and with translation in Swahili. I will add also a translation in Italian which is a language one of your most active users (sysop and bureaucrat) is familiar with. Please contact the committee for any clarification needed. As a coordinating committee we would also like to offer our support if you need help with the requested actions. === U4C Motion === (The original text with votes is here: [[:m:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Cases/Sysop_abuse_in_Swahili_Wikipedia#Motions]]) According to UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), Swahili is among the 10 most widely spoken languages in the world, with more than 200 million speakers and it is one of the ''lingua franca'' in many countries within East, Central and Southern Africa as well as in the Middle East. According to Wikipedia ([[:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), Swahili is one of the national languages in Tanzania, Kenya, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Burundi, Uganda, it is an official language of Rwanda, in some areas of Somalia and is spoken in other areas in the African Great Lakes region and East and Southern Africa. With the exception of Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda, in all the countries where Swahili is national language, homosexuality is not only illegal (in some cases - Uganda - with death penalty as punishment) but apparent "promotion" of homosexuality is also severely punished. More about this in following links: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C requested a legal opinion to assess what risks editors and administrators residing in those countries could face in editing or restoring content which may be considered to "promote" homosexuality even if for Wikimedian (or Western) standards that content would not be considered promotional but only neutral or descriptive. The U4C's priorities in this case are: *Protect local users, especially advanced right holders who could be misinterpreted as "responsible" for the content of a project *Protect all the readers and their right to have neutral and informative content '''U4C Actions''' # Recommend that the Swahili Wikipedia community work on a guideline about Neutral Point of View (Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) and a guideline about reliable sources (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). The U4C will review progress in 6 months.<br /> # Recommend that the community seek local expertise on how it is permissible to educate a reader about topics related to LGBTQ issues without violating laws in Swahili-speaking countries and at the same time avoiding discrimination (as per the UCoC). Use this information to support NPOV on these topics. # Recommend that the community start discussing on dealing with local appeals and creating a procedure for this compliant with the [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines]]. # Recommend that the community define a list of pages or "contentious topics" (starting from LGBTQ topics) where, once created, the above mentioned policies are particularly used/applied more strictly. At the same time: *Administrators on Swahili Wikipedia (swwiki) are topic banned from LGBTQ related pages, with admin actions related to content and conduct moderation delegated to Stewards and Global sysops (any interventions can be requested on Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] or [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Here is a non-exhaustive list of pages that are covered: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Homosexuality, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Same sex marriage, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Once the recommended measures as described above are set up, swwiki admins may appeal to the topic ban. === Translation in Swahili === ''This is an automatic translation, please kindly fix mistakes or parts which need clarification.'' Kulingana na UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), Kiswahili ni miongoni mwa lugha 10 zinazozungumzwa na watu wengi zaidi duniani, ikiwa na wazungumzaji zaidi ya milioni 200 na ni mojawapo ya ''lingua franca'' katika nchi nyingi za Mashariki, Kati na Kusini mwa Afrika na pia Mashariki ya Kati. Kwa mujibu wa Wikipedia ([[:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), Kiswahili ni mojawapo ya lugha za kitaifa nchini Tanzania, Kenya, Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo, Burundi, Uganda, ni lugha rasmi ya Rwanda, katika baadhi ya maeneo ya Somalia na inazungumzwa katika maeneo mengine katika eneo la Maziwa Makuu ya Afrika na Afrika Mashariki na Kusini. Isipokuwa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo na Rwanda, katika nchi zote ambako Kiswahili ni lugha ya taifa, ushoga sio tu ni kinyume cha sheria (katika baadhi ya matukio - Uganda - na adhabu ya kifo kama adhabu) lakini "kukuza" kwa ushoga pia kunaadhibiwa vikali. Zaidi kuhusu hili katika viungo vifuatavyo: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C iliomba maoni ya kisheria ili kutathmini hatari ambazo wahariri na wasimamizi wanaoishi katika nchi hizo wanaweza kukabiliana nazo katika kuhariri au kurejesha maudhui ambayo yanaweza kuchukuliwa kuwa "kukuza" ushoga hata kama kwa viwango vya Wikimedian (au Magharibi) maudhui hayo hayatachukuliwa kuwa ya utangazaji bali yasiyoegemea upande wowote au maelezo. Vipaumbele vya U4C katika kesi hii ni: *Linda watumiaji wa ndani, haswa wamiliki wa haki wa hali ya juu ambao wanaweza kutafsiriwa vibaya kama "wajibiki" kwa maudhui ya mradi. *Linda wasomaji wote na haki yao ya kuwa na maudhui yasiyoegemea upande wowote na yenye taarifa '''Vitendo vya U4C''' # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya ya Wikipedia ya Kiswahili ifanyie kazi mwongozo kuhusu Mtazamo wa Kuegemea (Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) na mwongozo kuhusu vyanzo vya kuaminika (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). U4C itakagua maendeleo baada ya miezi 6.<br /> # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya itafute utaalamu wa ndani kuhusu jinsi inavyoruhusiwa kuelimisha msomaji kuhusu mada zinazohusiana na masuala ya LGBTQ bila kukiuka sheria katika nchi zinazozungumza Kiswahili na wakati huo huo kuepuka ubaguzi (kulingana na UCoC). Tumia habari hii kusaidia NPOV kwenye mada hizi. # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya ianze kujadiliana kuhusu kushughulikia rufaa za eneo lako na kuunda utaratibu wa kutii [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines|Mwongozo wa Utekelezaji]]. # Pendekeza kwamba jumuia ifafanue orodha ya kurasa au "mada zinazogombana" (kuanzia mada za LGBTQ) ambapo, mara tu zikiundwa, sera zilizotajwa hapo juu hutumiwa/hutumiwa kwa ukali zaidi. Wakati huo huo: *Wasimamizi kwenye Wikipedia ya Kiswahili (swwiki) wamepigwa marufuku kwenye kurasa zinazohusiana na LGBTQ, huku vitendo vya wasimamizi vinavyohusiana na udhibiti wa maudhui na maadili vimekabidhiwa kwa Stewards na Global sysops (afua zozote zinaweza kuombwa kwenye Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] au [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Hapa kuna orodha isiyo kamili ya kurasa ambazo zimefunikwa: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Ushoga, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Ndoa ya jinsia moja, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Baada ya hatua zilizopendekezwa kama ilivyoelezwa hapo juu kusanidiwa, wasimamizi wa swwiki wanaweza kukata rufaa dhidi ya marufuku ya mada. {{hidden | style = border: 1px black; width: 100%; | headerstyle = background:#f5f5f5 | contentstyle = | header = Translation in Italian/Tafsiri katika Kiitaliano | content = Secondo l'UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), lo Swahili è tra le 10 lingue più parlate al mondo con oltre 200 milioni di persone che lo parlano ed è una "lingue franche" in diversi paese dell'Africa orientale, centrale e meridionale nonché nel Medio-Oriente. Secondo Wikipedia ([[:en:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), lo Swahili è una delle lingue nazionali in Tanzania, Kenya, Repubblica Democratica del Congo, Burundi, Uganda, è lingua ufficiale in Ruanda, in alcune aree della Somalia ed è abitualmente usato in altre aree della regione dei Grandi Laghi e dell'Africa Orientale e meridionale. Con l'eccezione della Repubblica Democratica del Congo e del Ruanda, in tutti i paese in cui lo Swahili è lingua nazionale, l'omosessualità non è solo illegale (in alcuni casi, come l'Uganda, è punita con la pena di morte) ma anche l'apparente promozione dell'omosessualità è severamente punita. Maggiori informazioni nei seguenti link: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C ha richiesto un parere legale per individuare quali rischi corrano i volontari e amministratori residenti in questi paese nell'effettuare modifiche o ripristinare contenuti che possono essere considerati promozionali dell'omosessualità anche se per standard Wikimediani (o del mondo occidentale) non sono considerati promozionali ma solo descrittivi o neutrali. Nel trattare questo caso le priorità dello U4C sono: *Tutelare gli utenti locali, specialmente coloro con diritti addizionali che possono essere erroneamente considerati come "responsabili" dei contenuti di un progetto *Tutelare i lettori e il loro diritto ad avere informazioni e contenuti neutrali '''In considerazione di ciò U4C''' # Raccomanda che la comunità della Wikipedia in Swahili lavori sulla creazione di linee guida sul punto di vista neutrale (Neutral Point of View - Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) e su una linea guida dedicata alle fonti attendibili e al loro uso (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). U4C verificherà i progressi fra 6 mesi.<br /> # Raccomanda che la comunità ricerchi informazioni o consulenza locale su come fornire contenuti informativi sui temi collegati a LGBTQ senza violare leggi nei paesi di lingua Swahili ma allo stesso tempo senza discriminare (ai sensi di UCoC). Le informazioni ottenute andranno a supporto della linea guida sul punto di vista neutrale sull'argomento. # Raccomanda che la comunità inizi una discussione sulla gestione locale degli appelli ai blocchi e su una procedura degli stessi conforme alle linee guida sull'applicazione del codice di condotta [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines]]. # Raccomanda che la comunità definisca una lista di pagine di "argomenti controversi" (partendo dal tema LGBTQ) dove, una volta create le linee guida del punto 1, queste vengano usate e applicate con particolare rigore. Allo stesso tempo: *Gli amministratori della Wikipedia in Swahili hanno un topic ban (blocco selettivo su tema specifico) dalle pagine riguardanti tematiche LGBTQ, gli interventi amministrativi legati alla moderazione di condotta e contenuto sono delegate agli Steward e ai Global sysop (gli interventi possono essere richiesti nelle pagine su Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] oppure [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Di seguito una lista non esasustiva delle pagine coinvolte: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Homosexuality, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Same sex marriage, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Una volta che i rimedi raccomandati descritti nei punti più sopra sono stati attuati gli amministratori di swwiki possono richiedere la rimozione del topic ban. }} On behalf of U4C, '''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 13:23, 31 Mei 2025 (UTC) == Vote now in the 2025 U4C Election == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{Int:Please-translate}} Eligible voters are asked to participate in the 2025 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] election. More information–including an eligibility check, voting process information, candidate information, and a link to the vote–are available on Meta at the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2025|2025 Election information page]]. The vote closes on 17 June 2025 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1750161600 12:00 UTC]. Please vote if your account is eligible. Results will be available by 1 July 2025. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 23:01, 13 Juni 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28848819 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2025 - Call for Candidates</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div> Hello all, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|call for candidates for the 2025 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees selection is now open]] from June 17, 2025 – July 2, 2025 at 11:59 UTC [1]. The Board of Trustees oversees the Wikimedia Foundation's work, and each Trustee serves a three-year term [2]. This is a volunteer position. This year, the Wikimedia community will vote in late August through September 2025 to fill two (2) seats on the Foundation Board. Could you – or someone you know – be a good fit to join the Wikimedia Foundation's Board of Trustees? [3] Learn more about what it takes to stand for these leadership positions and how to submit your candidacy on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidate application|this Meta-wiki page]] or encourage someone else to run in this year's election. Best regards, Abhishek Suryawanshi<br /> Chair of the Elections Committee On behalf of the Elections Committee and Governance Committee [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Call_for_candidates [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Bylaws#(B)_Term. [3] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Resources_for_candidates<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 17:44, 17 Juni 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28866958 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Sister Projects Task Force reviews Wikispore and Wikinews</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="message"/> Dear Wikimedia Community, The [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs Committee (CAC)]] of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees assigned [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Sister Projects Task Force|the Sister Projects Task Force (SPTF)]] to update and implement a procedure for assessing the lifecycle of Sister Projects – wiki [[m:Wikimedia projects|projects supported by Wikimedia Foundation (WMF)]]. A vision of relevant, accessible, and impactful free knowledge has always guided the Wikimedia Movement. As the ecosystem of Wikimedia projects continues to evolve, it is crucial that we periodically review existing projects to ensure they still align with our goals and community capacity. Despite their noble intent, some projects may no longer effectively serve their original purpose. '''Reviewing such projects is not about giving up – it's about responsible stewardship of shared resources'''. Volunteer time, staff support, infrastructure, and community attention are finite, and the non-technical costs tend to grow significantly as our ecosystem has entered a different age of the internet than the one we were founded in. Supporting inactive projects or projects that didn't meet our ambitions can unintentionally divert these resources from areas with more potential impact. Moreover, maintaining projects that no longer reflect the quality and reliability of the Wikimedia name stands for, involves a reputational risk. An abandoned or less reliable project affects trust in the Wikimedia movement. Lastly, '''failing to sunset or reimagine projects that are no longer working can make it much harder to start new ones'''. When the community feels bound to every past decision – no matter how outdated – we risk stagnation. A healthy ecosystem must allow for evolution, adaptation, and, when necessary, letting go. If we create the expectation that every project must exist indefinitely, we limit our ability to experiment and innovate. Because of this, SPTF reviewed two requests concerning the lifecycle of the Sister Projects to work through and demonstrate the review process. We chose Wikispore as a case study for a possible new Sister Project opening and Wikinews as a case study for a review of an existing project. Preliminary findings were discussed with the CAC, and a community consultation on both proposals was recommended. === Wikispore === The [[m:Wikispore|application to consider Wikispore]] was submitted in 2019. SPTF decided to review this request in more depth because rather than being concentrated on a specific topic, as most of the proposals for the new Sister Projects are, Wikispore has the potential to nurture multiple start-up Sister Projects. After careful consideration, the SPTF has decided '''not to recommend''' Wikispore as a Wikimedia Sister Project. Considering the current activity level, the current arrangement allows '''better flexibility''' and experimentation while WMF provides core infrastructural support. We acknowledge the initiative's potential and seek community input on what would constitute a sufficient level of activity and engagement to reconsider its status in the future. As part of the process, we shared the decision with the Wikispore community and invited one of its leaders, Pharos, to an SPTF meeting. Currently, we especially invite feedback on measurable criteria indicating the project's readiness, such as contributor numbers, content volume, and sustained community support. This would clarify the criteria sufficient for opening a new Sister Project, including possible future Wikispore re-application. However, the numbers will always be a guide because any number can be gamed. === Wikinews === We chose to review Wikinews among existing Sister Projects because it is the one for which we have observed the highest level of concern in multiple ways. Since the SPTF was convened in 2023, its members have asked for the community's opinions during conferences and community calls about Sister Projects that did not fulfil their promise in the Wikimedia movement.[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WCNA_2024._Sister_Projects_-_opening%3F_closing%3F_merging%3F_splitting%3F.pdf <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Community_Affairs_Committee/Sister_Projects_Task_Force#Wikimania_2023_session_%22Sister_Projects:_past,_present_and_the_glorious_future%22 <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F <nowiki>[3]</nowiki>] Wikinews was the leading candidate for an evaluation because people from multiple language communities proposed it. Additionally, by most measures, it is the least active Sister Project, with the greatest drop in activity over the years. While the Language Committee routinely opens and closes language versions of the Sister Projects in small languages, there has never been a valid proposal to close Wikipedia in major languages or any project in English. This is not true for Wikinews, where there was a proposal to close English Wikinews, which gained some traction but did not result in any action[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Proposals_for_closing_projects/Closure_of_English_Wikinews <nowiki>[4]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F <nowiki>[5]</nowiki>, see section 5] as well as a draft proposal to close all languages of Wikinews[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:Proposals_for_closing_projects/Archive_2#Close_Wikinews_completely,_all_languages? <nowiki>[6]</nowiki>]. [[:c:File:Sister Projects Taskforce Wikinews review 2024.pdf|Initial metrics]] compiled by WMF staff also support the community's concerns about Wikinews. Based on this report, SPTF recommends a community reevaluation of Wikinews. We conclude that its current structure and activity levels are the lowest among the existing sister projects. SPTF also recommends pausing the opening of new language editions while the consultation runs. SPTF brings this analysis to a discussion and welcomes discussions of alternative outcomes, including potential restructuring efforts or integration with other Wikimedia initiatives. '''Options''' mentioned so far (which might be applied to just low-activity languages or all languages) include but are not limited to: *Restructure how Wikinews works and is linked to other current events efforts on the projects, *Merge the content of Wikinews into the relevant language Wikipedias, possibly in a new namespace, *Merge content into compatibly licensed external projects, *Archive Wikinews projects. Your insights and perspectives are invaluable in shaping the future of these projects. We encourage all interested community members to share their thoughts on the relevant discussion pages or through other designated feedback channels. === Feedback and next steps === We'd be grateful if you want to take part in a conversation on the future of these projects and the review process. We are setting up two different project pages: [[m:Public consultation about Wikispore|Public consultation about Wikispore]] and [[m:Public consultation about Wikinews|Public consultation about Wikinews]]. Please participate between 27 June 2025 and 27 July 2025, after which we will summarize the discussion to move forward. You can write in your own language. I will also host a community conversation 16th July Wednesday 11.00 UTC and 17th July Thursday 17.00 UTC (call links to follow shortly) and will be around at Wikimania for more discussions. <section end="message"/> </div> -- [[User:Victoria|Victoria]] on behalf of the Sister Project Task Force, 20:57, 27 Juni 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Sister_project_MassMassage_on_behalf_of_Victoria/Target_list&oldid=28911188 --> == Wikidata Item and Property labels soon displayed in Wiki Watchlist/Recent Changes == ''(Apologies for posting in English, you can help by translating into your language)'' Hello everyone, the [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects]] team is excited to announce an upcoming change in how Wikidata edit changelogs are displayed in your [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlists]] and [[Special:RecentChanges|Recent Changes]] lists. If an edit is made on Wikidata that affects a page in another Wikimedia Project, the changelog will contain some information about the nature of the edit. This can include a QID (or Q-number), a PID (or P-number) and a value (which can be text, numbers, dates, or also QID or PID’s). Confused by these terms? See the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Glossary|Wikidata:Glossary]] for further explanations. The upcoming change is scheduled for '''17.07.2025''', between '''1300 - 1500 UTC'''. The change will display the label (item name) alongside any QID or PIDs, as seen in the image below: [[File:Apr10 edit summary on Wikidata.png|An edit sum entry on Wikidata, labels display alongside their P- and Q-no.'s]] These changes will only be visible if you have Wikidata edits enabled in your User Preferences for Watchlists and Recent Changes, or have the active filter ‘Wikidata edits’ checkbox toggled on, directly on the Watchlist and Recent Changes pages. Your bot and gadget may be affected! There are thousands of bots, gadgets and user-scripts and whilst we have researched potential effects to many of them, we cannot guarantee there won’t be some that are broken or affected by this change. Further information and context about this change, including how your bot may be affected can be found on this [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|project task page]]. We welcome your questions and feedback, please write to us on this dedicated [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Talk page]]. Thank you, - [[m:User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] on behalf of the Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects Team. '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 12:46, 14 Julai 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_Test_List&oldid=28981877 --> == Boti ya kukaribisha ya [[user:AmmarBot|Ammar]] == Ndugu zangu wanaWikipedia. Hivi karibuni, nikiwa huko jijini Nairobi, nilikutana na Ammar. Kijana wa Kihausa kutoka nchini Nigeria. Katika maongezi yetu, tukafikia hatua ya kuzungumzia boti za kukaribisha watu. Kijana huyu alikubali kutumia muda wake mchache kuunda boti ya kukaribisha watu. Hivyo basi kila kibarua cha karibu kila wakati kimetuishia. Tafadhalini msipoteza muda wenu kukaribisha watu. Boti itafanya kazi. Tazameni: [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum%3AMichango&target=AmmarBot&namespace=all&tagfilter=&start=&end=&limit=50 Hapa] [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 13:45, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :Hii nzuri! '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 15:02, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) ::Ila BOT atachukua muda gani tangu mgeni kajiunga hadi atakapokaribishwa? '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 15:02, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Introducing Paste Check: a new Edit Check for Wikipedia == Hello! Sorry for using English language. {{int:please-translate}}. {{int:Thank-you}} Paste Check is a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|Edit Check]] feature to help avoid and fight copyright violations. When editors paste text into an article, Paste Check can prompt them to confirm the origin and licensing of the content. '''Why Paste Check?''' Paste Check benefits two audiences: * Newcomers: Many new editors are unaware of Wikipedia’s policies regarding copyright violations. Some mistakenly believe that pasting from what they consider reliable sources is the way to edit. * Experienced editors: Paste Check aims to make it easier to identify and patrol edits that may contain pasted content (which can be either legit or copyright violations), helping us save time. The goal is to reduce the rate of copyright violations by at least 10% among newer editors. '''How it works''' By default, Paste Check will be shown to editors who have published 100 or fewer edits locally. When an editor matching this requirement pastes at least 50 characters of text from somewhere else, Paste Check will ask them to confirm if they wrote the content. Two options are then available: * Keep the text – the user is then asked to explain why. * Remove the text – the text is removed. In both cases, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tags|edits will be tagged]] so that experienced editors can identify edits in which Paste Check was shown. The tag will be visible even if the final edit didn’t include any pasted text. Paste Check will trigger when text is pasted a source it doesn’t recognize as another editing environment. It won’t show up if the editor has pasted text that we can technically recognize is coming from another MediaWiki visual editor instance, MS Office, Libre Office, Google Docs, or is plain text. To start, Paste Check will only work in the visual editor. '''Get involved''' The Editing team is seeking input on the proposed user experience and configuration. We plan to test the following interface with new users ([https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&showMessage=editcheck-dialog-addref-reject-question&group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw-editcheck&language=&filter=&optional=1&action=translate please help translating it]):   [[File:Paste_Check_interface_for_September_2025's_test.png|575x575px]] We're planning to refine this interface over time, but want to start by launching a test so that we can determine whether the check is useful. We presented this interface to people who don't participate in Wikipedia, and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Paste Check#Qualitative evaluation|they found it practical and easy to understand]]. As a consequence, we would like to start by showing the feature to a fraction of newcomers for approximately 6 weeks. After this point, we will review the experiment results and decide what to do next. '''Configuration and test''' For experienced users, Paste Check will be configurable by the local communities (e.g. edit count thresholds, ignored sections and namespaces). Edits triggering Paste Check will be marked with the tag <code>editcheck-paste-shown</code> for easier tracking. You can try the proposed Paste Check interface: * visit https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/w/index.php?title=Cats&veaction=edit&ecenable=2 * Paste 50 characters or more from an external source, such as a website, to see the prompt. Your feedback is valuable! Please share your thoughts below, and ping me. {{int:Thank-you}} [[user:Trizek_(WMF)|Trizek_(WMF)]] 13:47, 18 Septemba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Trizek_(WMF)/sandbox/temp_MassMessage_list&oldid=29293687 --> :This test is planned to start on this Wednesday, 8 October. Let me know if you have any question! '''[[Mtumiaji:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Trizek (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 15:31, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Hivi karibuni Wiki yenu itakuwa kwenye mfumo wa kutoharirika. == <section begin="server-switch"/><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Soma ujumbe huu kupitia lugha nyingine]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] [[foundation:|Shirika la Wikimedia]] litafanya mbadilishano wa taarifa baina ya vituo vyake vya data. Hii itahakikisha kuwa Wikipedia na Wiki nyingine za Wikimedia zinabaki mtandaoni hata likitokea janga. Mbadilishano wa taarifa utafanyika: '''{{#time:j xg|2025-09-24|sw}}'''. Mbadilishano utaanza $muda huu: Inasikitisha kwamba, kutokana na vipingamizi kwenye [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], uhariri wa kila namna itabidi usitishwe wakati wa mbadilishano. Tunaomba radhi kwa mvurugiko huo, na tunafanya juhudi kupunguza kutokea kwa adha kama hiyo siku za ver. Bango litaanikizwa kwenye Wiki zote dakika 30 kabla ya kuanza kwa mchakato. Bango litabaki likionekana mpaka operesheni itapofikia mwisho. <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">You can contribute to the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=Centralnotice-tgroup-read_only_banner&task=view&language=&filter=&action=translate translation or proofreading] of this banner text.</span> '''Mtaweza kusoma, lakini si kuhariri, kwenye Wiki zote, kwa kipindi kifupi.''' *Hutoweza kuhariri kwa takriban saa moja {{#time:l j xg Y|2025-09-24|sw}}. *Ukijaribu kuhariri na kuhifadhi kwenye nyakati his, utaona ujumbe kukujulisha kuwa umekosea. Tunanatumaini kuwa hakuna maharirio yatakayopotea kwenye dakika hizo, lakini hatuwezi kuahidi. Ukiona ujumbe unaokuarifu kuwa unakosea, basi tafadhali subiri hadi iwe ya kawaida. Baadae utaweza kuhifadhi kuhifadhi maharirio yako. Kakini, tunashauri uweke kwanza nakala ya mabadiliko uliyofanya, kwa tahadhari tu. ''Athari nyingine '' *Shughuli za nyuma ya pazia zitakuwa za taratibu sana, na nyingine zinaweza kuachwa. Viungo vyekundu vinaweza vikasasishwa polepole kuliko kawaida. Ukianzisha makala makala ambayo tayari imeunganishwa na sehemu nyingine, kiungo kitabaki chekundu kwa muda mrefu kuliko kawaida. Baadhi ya maandishi ya muda mrefu italazimika kuyasimamisha. * Tunatarajia utekelezaji wa kimsimbo utafanyika kama kwenye wiki [juma] zingine. Hata hivyo, kuzuiwa Kwa baadhi ya misimbo itayoainishwa, kunaweza kutokea bila kuchelewa kama operesheni itahitaji baadae. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|Gitlab]] haitopatikana kwa kiasi cha dakika 90. Mradi huu unaweza kuahirishwa panapo ulazima. Unaweza [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|kusoma ratiba hiyo kwenye wikitech. wikimedia.org]]. Mabadiliko yoyote yatatangazwa kwenye mpangilio wa ratiba. '''Tafadhali shiriki habari hii na jumuia yako.'''</div><section end="server-switch"/> <span dir=ltr>[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|{{int:talk}}]])</span> 15:41, 18 Septemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29170715 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Migration to Parsoid</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> <em>[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Parsoid Read Views/Read View Announcement|Read this in another language]]</em> Hello everyone! I am glad to inform you that as the next step in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parser Unification]] project, Parsoid will soon be turned on as the default article renderer on your wiki. We are gradually increasing the number of wikis using Parsoid, with the intention of making it the default wikitext parser for MediaWiki's next long-term support release. This will make our wikis more reliable and consistent for editors, readers, and tools to use, as well as making the development of future wikitext features easier. If this disrupts your workflow, don’t worry! You can still opt out through a user preference or turn Parsoid off on the current page using the Tools submenu, as described in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration|Extension:ParserMigration]] documentation. There is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser_Unification/Confidence_Framework|more information about our roll-out strategy]] available, including the testing done before we turn on Parsoid for a new wiki. To report bugs and issues, please look at our [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Known Issues|known issues]] documentation and if you found a new bug please create a phab ticket and tag the [[phab:project/view/5846|Content Transform Team in Phabricator]]. <section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[mw:User:ABreault (WMF)|Content Transform Team]]</bdi> 19:49, 2 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ABreault (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_Foundation/Product_and_Technology/Parsoid_Read_Views/2025-10-06_Wikipedias&oldid=29381387 --> == Event Organizer Right for [[user:EUwandu-WMF|EUwandu-WMF]] == Dear Swahili Wikipedia Admins, The Community Organizing Experience team (formerly the Campaigns team) at the Wikimedia Foundation is supporting Wikimedia Arusha and Wikimedia Kilimanjaro to strengthen their capacity in adopting the CampaignEvents extension tools, including Event Registration tool for their 2025-26 General Support Funds activities. In order to implement this support, I would need the event organizer right on Swahili Wikipedia. I have also communicated this to [[user:Jadnapac|Jadnapac]] who recommended I ask for the right here. '''[[Mtumiaji:EUwandu-WMF|EUwandu-WMF]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:EUwandu-WMF|majadiliano]])''' 17:19, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]], @[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] please gather here. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 18:17, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :I support granting the event organizer right to EUwandu-WMF. '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 20:17, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Toa maoni yako: pigia kura Bodi ya Wadhamini ya mwaka 2025 == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Habarini nyote, Kipindi cha upigaji kura cha [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|uchaguzi wa Bodi ya Wadhamini wa 2025]] sasa kimefunguliwa. Wagombea wanagombea viti 2 (viwili) kwenye Bodi. Ili kuangalia ustahiki wako wa mpiga kura, tafadhali tembelea [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Voter eligibility guidelines|ukurasa wa ustahiki wa mpiga kura]]. Jifunze zaidi kuwahusu kwa [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidates|kusoma taarifa zao za maombi na kutazama video zao za ugombeaji]]. Ukiwa tayari, nenda kwenye ukurasa wa kupiga kura wa [[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/405|SecurePoll kupiga kura]]. '''Upigaji kura utaanza tarehe 8 Oktoba saa 00:00 UTC hadi Oktoba 22 saa 23:59 UTC.''' Kila la kheri, Abhishek Suryawanshi<br />Mwenyekiti, Kamati ya Uchaguzi<section end="announcement-content" /> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 04:48, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29360896 --> == Message from U4C == Dear Swahili community, (''Apologies for writing in English. A machine-translated version of this message is attached below for your convenience. In case of any discrepancies, please refer to the English version as the source.'') We have been made aware of the deletion of the article [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] and the subsequent block of @[[User:E.N. Emmanuel]] (who can appeal on their talk page).<br /> @[[User:Olimasy]], could you please briefly explain what was the reason, among those listed here [[Wikipedia:Kufuta_makala]], for the speedy deletion of that page? We would like to remind you all and the administrators of this project in particular that local admins are currently topic banned from LGBTQ related pages, and admin actions related to content and conduct moderation are delegated to Stewards and Global sysops. Any intervention concerning related content or users should be requested on Meta. You can read our motion here [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]]. This measure will remain in effect until the actions we have recommended for this project (listed here [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]] in the section U4C Actions) have been completed. If you need any help with these steps please do not hesitate to contact us. On behalf of the U4C, --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 17:51, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (''Hii ni tafsiri ya kiotomatiki'')<br /> Ndugu waswahili,<br /> Tumefahamishwa kuhusu kufutwa kwa makala [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] na kizuizi kilichofuata cha @[[User:E.N. Emmanuel]] (anayeweza kukata rufaa kwenye ukurasa wao wa mazungumzo).<br /> @[[User:Olimasy]], tafadhali unaweza kueleza kwa ufupi sababu ilikuwa nini, miongoni mwa walioorodheshwa hapa [[Wikipedia:Kufuta_makala]], kwa kufutwa haraka kwa ukurasa huo? Tungependa kuwakumbusha nyote na wasimamizi wa mradi huu hasa kwamba wasimamizi wa ndani kwa sasa wamepigwa marufuku kutoka kwa kurasa zinazohusiana na LGBTQ, na vitendo vya wasimamizi vinavyohusiana na udhibiti wa maudhui na maadili hukabidhiwa kwa Steward na Global sysops. Uingiliaji kati wowote kuhusu maudhui yanayohusiana au watumiaji unapaswa kuombwa kwenye Meta. Unaweza kusoma hoja yetu hapa [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]]. Hatua hii itaendelea kutumika hadi hatua ambazo tumependekeza kwa mradi huu (zilizoorodheshwa hapa [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]] katika sehemu ya U4C Actions) zimekamilika. Ikiwa unahitaji msaada wowote kwa hatua hizi tafadhali usisite kuwasiliana nasi. Kwa niaba ya U4C, --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 17:51, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] I’ve reviewed the deletion log, and the article has already been removed. Judging by the structure and grammar, it seems the contributor may not be fluent in Kiswahili—the article had significant linguistic and formatting issues. :While we appreciate efforts to represent diverse communities, it’s equally important that all articles meet the quality standards of Swahili Wikipedia. :In a constructive spirit, we can encourage the contributor to collaborate with others to improve the article before republishing. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 20:22, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Contributor is banned and only option for him is new account. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 08:08, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[User:Muddyb]] the first version of the article was created by the user and [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=312781 deleted] on 1 October. After being pinged yesterday the user recreated the page ([https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=315152 here]), it turned out that the user is a cross wiki abuser and the page was deleted by a Global Sysop who later [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=315181 undeleted the page] because apparently it is a translation of enwiki. Nobody of us is able to understand if that content makes sense in Swahili or if it is an automatic translation, or meets speedy deletion criteria like you mentioned. Personally speaking U4C asked that articles about contentious topics should be based on reliable sources and that content does not meet that requirement. The user is global blocked so I do not foresee cooperation. If the content meets deletion criteria please use the delete template (I think it is this one {{tl|Futa}}?) and then request deletion on Meta (here: [[:m:Global_sysops/Requests]]). I understand that this is a little complicated but it is a temporary measure. Please do not hesitate to contact us for any help or suggestion about the recommended actions in our motion. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 09:03, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] I have informed the admin team again not to interfere directly with those kinds of articles instead we should inform Stewards to take the matter. Thanks. We will surely reach out in case of anything resurfaced. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 09:33, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[User:Muddyb]] many thanks, yes the right way is to inform Stewards or Global Sysops, your guidance is of course welcome (and needed) to overcome the language barrier. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Alternate version was correctly remade by TEMPORARY ACCOUNT and makes sense. Both "Emmanuel" accounts are ABUSERS, one locally blocked and other globally blocked. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 09:18, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] Share the recreated article that makes sense, please! [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 09:34, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Recreated article with sense is here: [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 09:45, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Se non fossi impedito, metterei il template <nowiki>{{tafsiri kompyuta}}</nowiki> perché è una traduzione orripilante. Pace a te, Civvì! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:05, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :If there is consensus on deletion due to low quality please request the deletion on Meta (explaining the reasons). For sure the goal of our requests is not to lower your quality standards. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 11:05, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] na @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] The recreated article is another trash in the block. I will write global sysop to delete it. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 12:03, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::Do not forget REDIRECTS and TALKS when deleting. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 12:01, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::Four instances to delete: ::[[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]], [[Majadiliano:Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] ::[[Historia ya Ubadilishaji jinsia]], [[Majadiliano:Historia ya Ubadilishaji jinsia]] ::'''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 12:08, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::"The recreated article is another trash in the block." FOUR INSTANCES. '''[[Mtumiaji:Soggo Ionno|Soggo Ionno]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Soggo Ionno|majadiliano]])''' 12:15, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="function1"/> {{int:Hello}}. Please help pick a name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. This project will be a wiki that will enable users to combine functions from [[:f:|Wikifunctions]] and data from Wikidata in order to generate natural language sentences in any supported languages. These sentences can then be used by any Wikipedia (or elsewhere). There will be two rounds of voting, each followed by legal review of candidates, with votes beginning on 20 October and 17 November 2025. Our goal is to have a final project name selected on mid-December 2025. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <section end="function1"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:43, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29432175 --> == Kutafuta watu wa kujitolea kujiunga na kamati kadhaa za harakati. == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Kila mwaka, kwa kawaida kuanzia Oktoba hadi Desemba, kamati kadhaa za harakati hutafuta watu wapya wa kujitolea. Soma zaidi kuhusu kamati hizo kwenye kurasa zao za Meta-wiki: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Kamati ya Ushirikiano (AffCom)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds commission|Tume ya Wachunguzi Maalum (OC)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Trust and Safety/Case Review Committee|Kamati ya Mapitio ya kesi (CRC)]] Maombi ya kamati hizo yatafunguliwa tarehe 30 Oktoba 2025. Maombi ya Kamati ya Ushirikiano, tume ya Wachunguzi Maalum na Kamati ya Mapitio ya Kesi yatafungwa tarehe 11 Desemba 2025. Jifunze namna ya kutuma maombi kwa [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Committee appointments| kutembelea ukurasa wa uteuzi kwenye Meta-Wiki]].Tuma kwenye ukurasa wa majadiliano au barua pepe cst[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org na maswali yoyote ambayo unaweza kuwa nayo. Kwa timu ya Msaada ya Kamati, <section end="announcement-content" /> -[[m:User:MKaur (WMF)| MKaur (WMF)]] 14:13, 30 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:MKaur (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29517125 --> == Will you help us test an updated Databox? == ''Apologies for posting in English - you can help by translating it'' Hello everyone, recently an update has been made to the [[w:sw:Module:Databox|Module:Databox]] / [[w:sw:Template:Databox|Template:Databox]] page with the following changes: * A Wikidata logo and link to the connected Wikidata Item * New parameters <code>useImage=</code> and <code>excludeProperties=</code> can be invoked in the source code to give a greater degree of control on what the Databox displays. ** '''<code>useImage=</code>''' choose a different [[d:Property:P18|image(P18)]] to display in the Databox.<br> Example: <nowiki>{{Databox|useImage=Hubble_Ultra_Deep_Field_part d.jpg}}</nowiki><br><br> ** '''<code>excludeParameters=</code>''' hides selected Properties (and values) in from displaying in the current Databox.<br>Example: <nowiki>{{Databox|excludeProperties=P1290,P66}}</nowiki> * The parameters can be combined, separated by a pipe |:<br><code><nowiki>{{</nowiki></code><code>Databox|'''useImage='''image_file.jpg|'''excludeProperties='''P123}}</code> === How can you help? === Please help us by playing with the new features, adding Databoxes to Articles and using the new parameters (if it is good for the article). Mostly we just want to collect feedback on whether this is a positive change, is useful, interrupts your editing workflows and / or causes any issues or bugs. Only the first change (Wikidata Logo+Link) will automatically apply to existing Databoxes (may take upto 30 days from this post) or after any edit to a page with a Databox (including null-edits). The two Parameters will only show if the <nowiki>{{Databox}}</nowiki> wikitext is edited with the new parameter code.<br>[[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox#Changes_to_Databox|Find instructions to do that here]].<br> Any questions, please feel free to reply here or add them to the [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox|Talk page]].<br> Thank you, - '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 14:41, 6 Novemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_test_list&oldid=29580122 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Reminder: Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="function2"/> {{int:Hello}}. Reminder: Please help to choose name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. The finalist vote starts today. The finalists for the name are: <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Abstract Wikipedia, Multilingual Wikipedia, Wikiabstracts, Wikigenerator, Proto-Wiki</span>. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <section end="function2"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:22, 20 Novemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29583860 --> == Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 == Dear Wikimedia communities, We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year. ''Last year, we captured light. This year, we’ll capture legacy.'' In 2025, communities around the world shared the glow of Ramadan nights and the warmth of collective iftars. In 2026, ''Wiki Loves Ramadan'' is expanding, bringing more stories, more cultures, and deeper global connections across Wikimedia projects. We invite you to explore the ''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026'' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Meta page]] to learn how you can participate and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/Participating communities|sign up]] your community. 📷 ''Photo campaign on '' [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wikimedia Commons]] If you have questions about the project, please refer to the FAQs: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ/|Meta-Wiki]] * [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ|Wikimedia Commons]] ''Early registration for updates is now open via the '''[[m:Special:RegisterForEvent/2710|Event page]]''''' ''Stay connected and receive updates:'' * [https://t.me/WikiLovesRamadan Telegram channel] * [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/wikilovesramadan.lists.wikimedia.org/ Mailing list] We look forward to collaborating with you and your community. '''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 19:45, 16 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29879549 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2026 starts soon == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> ;Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2026 Dear Wiki Community, We are pleased to invite Wikimedia communities, affiliates, and independent contributors to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026]]''' writing competition on your local Wikipedia. The international campaign will run from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and aims to improve coverage of feminism, women’s histories, gender-related topics, and folk culture across Wikipedia projects. ;About the Campaign '''Feminism and Folklore''' is a global writing initiative that complements the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026|Wiki Loves Folklore]]''' photography competition. While Wiki Loves Folklore focuses on visual documentation, this writing campaign addresses the '''gender gap on Wikipedia''' by improving encyclopedic content related to folk culture and marginalized voices. ;What Can Participants Write About? Communities can contribute by creating, expanding, or translating articles related to: * Folk festivals, rituals, and celebrations * Folk dances, music, and traditional performances * Women and queer figures in folklore * Women in mythology and oral traditions * Women warriors, witches, and witch-hunting narratives * Fairy tales, folk stories, and legends * Folk games, sports, and cultural practices Participants may work from curated article lists or generate new article suggestions using campaign tools. ;How to Sign Up as an Organizer Organizers are requested to complete the following steps to register their community: # Create a local project page on your wiki [[:m:Feminism and Folklore/Sample|(see sample)]] # Set up the campaign using the '''CampWiz''' tool # Prepare a local article list and clearly mention: #* Campaign timeline #* Local and international prizes # Request a site notice from local administrators [[:mr:Template:SN-FNF|(see sample)]] # Add your local project page and CampWiz link to the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta project page]]''' ;Campaign Tools The Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced tools to support organizers and participants: * '''Article List Generator by Topic''' – Helps identify articles available on English Wikipedia but missing in your local language Wikipedia. The tool allows customized filters and provides downloadable article lists in CSV and wikitable formats. * '''CampWiz''' – Enables communities to manage writing campaigns effectively, including jury-based evaluation. This will be the third year CampWiz is officially used for Feminism and Folklore. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ Click here to access the tools]''' ;Learn More & Get Support For detailed information about rules, timelines, and prizes, please visit the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 project page]]'''. If you have any questions or need assistance, feel free to reach out via: * '''[[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta talk page]]''' * Email us using details on the contact page. ;Join Us We look forward to your collaboration and coordination in making Feminism and Folklore 2026 a meaningful and impactful campaign for closing gender gaps and enriching folk culture content on Wikipedia. Thank you and best wishes, '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 International Team]]''' ---- ''Stay connected:'' [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> == Invitation to Host Wiki Loves Folklore 2026 in Your Country == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]] Hello everyone, We are delighted to invite Wikimedia affiliates, user groups, and community organizations worldwide to participate in '''Wiki Loves Folklore 2026''', an international initiative dedicated to documenting and celebrating folk culture across the globe. ;About Wiki Loves Folklore '''Wiki Loves Folklore''' is an annual international photography competition hosted on Wikimedia Commons. The campaign runs from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and encourages photographers, cultural enthusiasts, and community members to contribute photographs that highlight: * Folk traditions and rituals * Cultural festivals and celebrations * Traditional attire and crafts * Performing arts, music, and dance * Everyday practices rooted in folk heritage Through this campaign, we aim to preserve and promote diverse folk cultures and make them freely accessible to the world. [[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026|Project page on Wikimedia Commons]] ; Host a Local Edition As we celebrate the '''eight edition''' of Wiki Loves Folklore, we warmly invite communities to organize a local edition in their country or region. Hosting a local campaign is a great opportunity to: * Increase visibility of your region’s folk culture * Engage new contributors in your community * Enrich Wikimedia Commons with high-quality cultural content '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026/Organize|Sign up to organize]]:''' If your team prefers to organize the competition in ''either February or March only'', please feel free to let us know. If you are unable to organize, we encourage you to share this opportunity with other interested groups or organizations in your region. ;Get in Touch If you have any questions, need support, or would like to explore collaboration opportunities, please feel free to contact us via: * The project Talk pages * Email: '''support@wikilovesfolklore.org''' We are also happy to connect via an online meeting if your team would like to discuss planning or coordination in more detail. Warm regards, '''The Wiki Loves Folklore International Team''' </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 13:21, 18 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=29228188 --> == Mapitio ya kila mwaka ya Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Nidhamu na Miongozo ya Utekelezaji == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Ninakuandikia ili kukujulisha kuwa muda wa upitiaji wa kila mwaka wa Kanuni za Maadili na Miongozo ya Utekelezaji umefunguliwa sasa. Unaweza kutoa mapendekezo ya mabadiliko hadi tarehe 9 Februari 2026. Hii ni hatua ya kwanza kati ya kadhaa itakayochukuliwa kwa upitiaji wa kila mwaka. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Soma maelezo zaidi na utafute mazungumzo ya kujiunga kwenye ukurasa wa UCoC kwenye Meta]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Nidhamu]] (U4C) ni kundi la kimataifa linalojitolea kutoa utekelezaji sawa na thabiti wa UCoC. Tathmini hii ya kila mwaka ilipangwa na kutekelezwa na U4C. Kwa maelezo zaidi na majukumu ya U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|unaweza kukagua Mkataba wa U4C]]. Tafadhali washirikishe habari hii washiriki wengine katika jumuiya yako popote inapohitajika. -- Kwa ushirikiano na U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:Mazungumzo ya mtumiaji:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])<section end="announcement-content" /> 21:02, 19 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29905753 --> == Join the sixth Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia 2026.png|right|250px|thumb|link=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ukraine%27s_Cultural_Diplomacy_Month_2026|Join our campaign!]] {{int:please-translate}} Dear Wikipedians! [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the sixth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''1st April''' until '''30th April 2026'''. The initiative aims to promote knowledge about Ukrainian culture abroad by creating and improving Wikipedia articles in multiple languages. This year marks the sixth edition of the campaign, which will focus on contemporary culture, making today’s artistic voices and practices more visible to international audiences. 🧩'''How to participate?''' Choose an article from the suggested list → Write an article in your language, or improve an existing one according to the rules → Add your contribution to the contest page and calculate your points → Win prizes and receive a certificate of participation → Become a promoter of truthful knowledge about Ukraine. 🧩'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Check our main page for more information]]'''. '''If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest.''' If not, then we encourage you to translate the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|landing page of the contest]] and [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MessageGroupStats?group=Centralnotice-tgroup-UCDM2026banner&messages=&language=en&x=D banner] into your own language. Also, we set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in this challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) 04:35, 1 April 2026 (UTC) </div> (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&oldid=28552112 --> == Action Required: Update templates/modules for electoral maps (Migrating from P1846 to P14226) == Hello everyone, This is a notice regarding an ongoing data migration on Wikidata that may affect your election-related templates and Lua modules (such as <code>Module:Itemgroup/list</code>). '''The Change:'''<br /> Currently, many templates pull electoral maps from Wikidata using the property [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]], combined with the qualifier [[:d:Property:P180|P180]]: [[:d:Q19571328|Q19571328]]. We are migrating this data (across roughly 4,000 items) to a newly created, dedicated property: '''[[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]]'''. '''What You Need To Do:'''<br /> To ensure your templates and infoboxes do not break or lose their maps, please update your local code to fetch data from [[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]] instead of the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] + [[:d:Property:P180|P180]] structure. A [[m:Wikidata/Property Migration: P1846 to P14226/List|list of pages]] was generated using Wikimedia Global Search. '''Deadline:'''<br /> We are temporarily retaining the old data on [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] to allow for a smooth transition. However, to complete the data cleanup on Wikidata, the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] statements will be removed after '''May 1, 2026'''. Please update your modules and templates before this date to prevent any disruption to your wiki's election articles. Let us know if you have any questions or need assistance with the query logic. Thank you for your help! [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] using '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 17:11, 3 Aprili 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29941252 --> == Request for comment (global AI policy) == <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}} A [[:m:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|request for comment]] is currently being held to decide on a global AI policy. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 00:58, 26 Aprili 2026 (UTC) </bdi> (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Codename Noreste@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30424282 --> == Ombi la kuwezesha VisualEditor kwenye kurasa za mradi (Wikipedia Namespace) == Ndugu wanajumuia, Katika kuratibu na kuendesha miradi na kampeni mbalimbali za jamii yetu hapa Swahili Wikipedia (kama vile mashindano, warsha, dashboards, na kurasa za mradi kama `Wikipedia:Mradi wa...`), tumekuwa tukikumbana na changamoto ya kiufundi. Kwa sasa, mfumo wa usarifu wa picha (VisualEditor) haufanyi kazi kwenye maeneo haya ya kurasa za miradi (Project namespace), jambo linalotulazimu kutumia mfumo mgumu wa "Source Editor" (Wiki markup) hata kwa mambo madogo kama kutengeneza majedwali au muundo wa kurasa. Ili kurahisisha kazi kwa waratibu na wahariri wanaotengeneza kurasa hizi za kampeni, nimefungua tiketi kule Phabricator kuomba wataalamu wa Wikimedia Foundation watuwezeshe kutumia VisualEditor kwenye Project namespace ya swwiki. Wataalamu wa Phabricator wametujibu kuwa tayari wako tayari kufanya mabadiliko hayo, lakini kwa sheria za kiutaratibu, wanahitaji kuona Maridhiano ya Jumuia (Community Consensus) hapa uwanjani kwetu kwanza kabla hawajawasha mfumo huo. Wanatutanabahisha pia kuwa VisualEditor haikutengenezwa maalum kwa ajili ya kurasa za majadiliano, hivyo kunaweza kuwa na changamoto ndogo za mpangilio (kama indentations) tukiiitumia kwenye majadiliano ya miradi, jambo ambalo tunaona halitazuia ufanisi wa kazi kubwa ya kuratibu kurasa zenyewe za miradi. Tafadhali naomba kura zenu za Kuunga Mkono (Support) au maoni yenu hapa chini ili tukishapata ridhaa ya pamoja, nipeleke link ya mjadala huu Phabricator na mabadiliko haya yafanyike mara moja. Unaweza kuona tiketi hiyo Phabricator hapa: [[phab:T427117|⚓ T427117 Enable VisualEditor in the Project namespace for Swahili Wikipedia (swwiki)]] Pamoja tunajenga Wikipedia yetu! {{Strong support}}--[[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 09:07, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen|majadiliano]])''' 09:26, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}-- '''[[Mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|Husseyn Issa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|majadiliano]])''' 10:58, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) {{strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 14:16, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:ChriKo|ChriKo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ChriKo|majadiliano]])''' </br>{{Strong support}}-- '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 04:41, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}-- '''[[Mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|Hussein m mmbaga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|majadiliano]])''' 07:38, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' pd1p2jz1wmpug3y5cqsx64ancllrko5 1550224 1550199 2026-05-25T09:18:22Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Ombi la kuwezesha VisualEditor kwenye kurasa za mradi (Wikipedia Namespace) */ 1550224 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ * '''en:'''Welcome to the '''Swahili Wikipedia Village Pump!''' * '''sw:''' Ukurasa huu ni kwa ajili ya kuwasaidia watu wanaotaka kuboresha kamusi hii na kujadiliana mambo ya jumuiya yetu! * [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Matukio ya Kimataifa|Orodha ya Matukio ya Kimataifa]]:Unaweza kuangalia kalenda hiyo ya matukio ya kimataifa na ukipendezwa unaweza kushiriki tukio lolote iwapo utaona linakuhusu. Viungo vya jumuiya: {| class="wikitable" border="1" |- |[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]] <br/>'''Fungua hapa kuona kura kuhusu wakabidhi wapya!''' |[[Wikipedia:Makala kwa ufutaji]] |[[Wikipedia:Maboresho yanayohitajika]] |[http://tools.wmflabs.org/wikiviewstats/?locale=en&lang=sw&project=&page=&datefrom=2014-05-02&autofilter&type=world Makala zinazotembelewa sana leo hii] |[[Wikipedia:Kuzuia watumiaji]] |- |[[Wikipedia:Ubalozi]] |[[Wikipedia:Kundi la Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]] |[[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Daruser|Wikimedia Community User Group Tanzania]] |[[Wikipedia:Makala zilizoombwa]] |[https://xtools.wmcloud.org/ec Michango yote ya mtumiaji] (jaza jina) * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:CentralAuth?target= Angalia michango ya watumiaji]* [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&offset=&limit=500&type=newusers&user=&page=&wpdate=&tagfilter=&wpfilters%5B0%5D=newusers Watumiaji wapya] |} ==Kumbukumbu ya miaka iliyopita== <small>'''Majadiliano ya awali yamehamishiwa hapa:''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Kumbukumbu hadi Julai 2008]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu Julai 2008 hadi Desemba 2009]]''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu Desemba 2009 hadi Desemba 2011]]''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2012 hadi 2013]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2014]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2015]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2016]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2017]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2018-2019]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2020-2021-VI]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Kumbukumbu 2021-VI - 2022-I]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2022 - 2025 I]] </small> ==Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili== Kwa wote wanaopenda kutafakari na kujadiliana nasi namna ya kuendeleza wikipedia hii ya Kiswahili wakabidhi walianzisha kundi la '''[[meta:Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]]'''. Unaweza kujiandikisha pale kama umehariri hapa kwa muda wa mwaka moja angalau. ==Jamii / Kategoria== Ndugu zangu, kuna mtu amebadili ujumbe wa kusano kutoka JAMII kwenda kategoria. Kwa sasa inaonekana juu lakini baadaye itachukua nafasi. Huu ni uharibifu wa tafsiri. Tazama hapa: https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:1000 Inabidi tudhibiti mapema tafsiri zijadiliwe na wasemaji wa Kiswahili badala ya kikundi cha wahuni wanaojiita wafasiri. == Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025: Invitation == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:UCDM 2025 general.png|180px|right]] {{int:please-translate}} Hello, dear Wikipedians!<br/> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the fifth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''14th April''' until '''16th May 2025'''. The campaign is dedicated to famous Ukrainian artists of cinema, music, literature, architecture, design, and cultural phenomena of Ukraine that are now part of world heritage. We accept contributions in every language! The most active contesters will receive prizes. If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest. <br/> We invite you to take part and help us improve the coverage of Ukrainian culture on Wikipedia in your language! Also, we plan to set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in such a challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) </div> 16:11, 16 Aprili 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Hide on Rosé@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&oldid=28552112 --> == Vote now on the revised UCoC Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> The voting period for the revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines ("UCoC EG") and the UCoC's Coordinating Committee Charter is open now through the end of 1 May (UTC) ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 find in your time zone]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/2025/Voter_information|Read the information on how to participate and read over the proposal before voting]] on the UCoC page on Meta-wiki. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review of the EG and Charter was planned and implemented by the U4C. Further information will be provided in the coming months about the review of the UCoC itself. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well. In cooperation with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 00:34, 17 Aprili 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28469465 --> == Sub-referencing: User testing == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Sub-referencing reuse visual.png|400px|right]] <small>''Apologies for writing in English, please help us by providing a translation below''</small> Hi I’m Johannes from [[:m:Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]]'s [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes team]]. We are making great strides with the new [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing feature]] and we’d love to invite you to take part in two activities to help us move this work further: #'''Try it out and share your feedback''' #:[[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing# Test the prototype|Please try]] the updated ''wikitext'' feature [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Sub-referencing on the beta wiki] and let us know what you think, either [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|on our talk page]] or by [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/talktotechwish booking a call] with our UX researcher. #'''Get a sneak peak and help shape the ''Visual Editor'' user designs''' #:Help us test the new design prototypes by participating in user sessions – [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/gxk0taud/apply sign up here to receive an invite]. We're especially hoping to speak with people from underrepresented and diverse groups. If that's you, please consider signing up! No prior or extensive editing experience is required. User sessions will start ''May 14th''. We plan to bring this feature to Wikimedia wikis later this year. We’ll reach out to wikis for piloting in time for deployments. Creators and maintainers of reference-related tools and templates will be contacted beforehand as well. Thank you very much for your support and encouragement so far in helping bring this feature to life! </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|talk]])</bdi> 15:03, 28 Aprili 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johannes_Richter_(WMDE)/Sub-referencing/massmessage_list&oldid=28628657 --> == Pigia kura mapendekezo ya marekebisho ya Miongozo ya Utekelezaji ya UCoC na Mkataba wa U4C == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Kipindi cha kupigia kura marekebisho ya Mkataba wa Utekelezaji wa Kanuni za Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili na U4C itafungwa tarehe 1 Mei 2025 saa 23:59 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 angalia kwa saa za eneo lako]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025/Voter information|Soma maelezo kuhusu jinsi ya kushiriki na kusoma pendekezo kabla ya kupiga kura]] kwenye ukurasa wa UCoC kwenye Meta-wiki. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili (U4C)]] ni kikundi cha kimataifa kinachojitolea kutoa utekelezaji sawa na thabiti wa UCoC. Tathmini hii ya kila mwaka ilipangwa na kutekelezwa na U4C. Kwa maelezo zaidi na majukumu ya U4C, unaweza [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|kuupitia Mkataba wa U4C]]. Tafadhali washirikishe ujumbe huu wanajumuiya wenzako katika lugha yako, kadri utakavyoona inavyofaa, ili waweze kushiriki pia. Kwa ushirikiano na U4C -- <section end="announcement-content" /> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 03:41, 29 Aprili 2025 (UTC)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == We will be enabling the new Charts extension on your wiki soon! == ''(Apologies for posting in English)'' Hi all! We have good news to share regarding the ongoing problem with graphs and charts affecting all wikis that use them. As you probably know, the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|old Graph extension]] was disabled in 2023 [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EWL4AGBEZEDMNNFTM4FRD4MHOU3CVESO/|due to security reasons]]. We’ve worked in these two years to find a solution that could replace the old extension, and provide a safer and better solution to users who wanted to showcase graphs and charts in their articles. We therefore developed the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Charts extension]], which will be replacing the old Graph extension and potentially also the [[:mw:Extension:EasyTimeline|EasyTimeline extension]]. After successfully deploying the extension on Italian, Swedish, and Hebrew Wikipedia, as well as on MediaWiki.org, as part of a pilot phase, we are now happy to announce that we are moving forward with the next phase of deployment, which will also include your wiki. The deployment will happen in batches, and will start from '''May 6'''. Please, consult [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project#Deployment Timeline|our page on MediaWiki.org]] to discover when the new Charts extension will be deployed on your wiki. You can also [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|consult the documentation]] about the extension on MediaWiki.org. If you have questions, need clarifications, or just want to express your opinion about it, please refer to the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension_talk:Chart/Project|project’s talk page on Mediawiki.org]], or ping me directly under this thread. If you encounter issues using Charts once it gets enabled on your wiki, please report it on the [[:mw:Extension_talk:Chart/Project|talk page]] or at [[phab:tag/charts|Phabricator]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:07, 6 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=28663781 --> == Vandalism == I suppose the two pictures in the text [[Adidas]] are simple vandalism and do not make sence in the text. But not being active in this wikipedia, I don't know how to attract more attention to the doubtful edit of march 2023. :Nadhani picha mbili katika maandishi [[Adidas]] ni uharibifu rahisi na hazina maana katika maandishi. Lakini kutokuwa hai katika wikipedia hii, sijui jinsi ya kuvutia umakini zaidi kwa uhariri wa shaka wa Machi 2023. --'''[[Mtumiaji:ThomasPusch|ThomasPusch]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ThomasPusch|majadiliano]])''' 12:06, 12 Mei 2025 (UTC) :It has been fixed! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 12:20, 12 Mei 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Call for Candidates for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> The results of voting on the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter is [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025#Results|available on Meta-wiki]]. You may now [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025/Candidates|submit your candidacy to serve on the U4C]] through 29 May 2025 at 12:00 UTC. Information about [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|eligibility, process, and the timeline are on Meta-wiki]]. Voting on candidates will open on 1 June 2025 and run for two weeks, closing on 15 June 2025 at 12:00 UTC. If you have any questions, you can ask on [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|the discussion page for the election]]. -- in cooperation with the U4C, </div><section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|majadiliano]])</bdi> 22:07, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == Changes to the way some users are granted the right to see temporary account IP addresses == Hello! This is the [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety_Product|Trust and Safety Product]] team. We would like to share that we have decided to change the requirements for access to temporary account IP addresses. '''The impact on your community will be minimal'''. We are planning on implementing the change in the week of May 26 ([[phab:T393358|T393358]] + [[phab:T393360|T393360]] + [[phab:T390942|T390942]]). I will keep you updated about the details. We are only changing the rules for users who do not have extended rights (e.g. admins, bureaucrats, checkusers – [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Wikimedia_Access_to_Temporary_Account_IP_Addresses_Policy#requirements-for-access|see the policy for more examples]]) but their account is a minimum of 6 months old, and who have made a minimum of 300 edits on this wiki. They will lose access to IP addresses ([[phab:T393360|T393360]]), and to have it back, '''they will need to apply for the right. Admins or stewards will decide whether to grant it''' ([[phab:T390942|T390942]]). This will entail human manual work, but this method will be safer than if we continued to grant the rights automatically. We want to emphasize that there has been no user who wouldn't have extended rights to ever reveal a temporary account's IP addresses on your wiki. We made this decision based on what we heard from you, piloting wikis, particularly Romanian Wikipedians. We also consulted on options with Stewards, and had discussions on Meta-Wiki and about 20 Wikipedias with large communities. When we deploy temporary accounts to more wikis, we will evaluate the impact and may adjust our approach again. In addition, we'd like you to know that requirements for access to the [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety_Product/IP_Info|IP Info]] feature will be identical with the ones for access to the temporary accounts' IP addresses (a user will either have full information or none). '''The rationale for the change''' We chose the current numerical thresholds and automatic granting before deploying temporary accounts on any wiki. However, it’s become clear to us that these requirements are quite low and it is still too easy for bad-faith actors to gain access to temporary account IP addresses. We want temporary accounts to meaningfully improve editor privacy, so we need to be more restrictive. Our goal is to more consistently limit IP address access to only those who need it. '''How will this work''' * When a user without extended rights needs to view temporary account IP addresses, they will need to file a request for being added to the "Temporary account IP viewers" group. They will file the request to admins (the local communities will be able to decide what that process will be) or stewards (for wikis without local admins). * The software will require that the user has at least 300 edits and the account since at least 6 months. Admins and stewards will not be able to grant temporary account IP access to accounts that do not meet that criteria. This is a minimum, and we encourage you to enforce higher thresholds. * The user reviewing the request will check if the user applying for the right meets requirements and that they have provided a valid justification. The right itself will be granted through Special:UserRights. * Users who grant requests for the right will also handle removal of the right. We would also like to clarify some details. For your convenience, we will also document some of it in [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/FAQ|the project FAQ]]. {{hidden|Access to IP addresses|bg1=background-color:#eee;|2 = * '''Separation of the new right''' (checkuser-temporary-account) out to a new group ([[metawiki:Meta:Temporary_account_IP_viewer|Temporary account IP viewers]]), as opposed to technically attaching it to any [[Special:ListGroupRights|existing group]] (like patroller). We have decided to do this for a few reasons: ** '''Having access to IP addresses carries risk'''. This right is similar to checkuser. IP addresses are considered personally identifiable information (a kind of [[:en:personal data|personal data]]). Outside actors who want to access IP addresses will now need to interact with users who have this right. Users with this right should be aware of this, and alert to the possibility of suspicious access requests. ** '''Good practices for privacy protection'''. Giving access to users who are trusted but do not need access to carry on their work is not in line with good practices for processing personal data. ** '''Removal of right'''. Access to IPs will be [[phab:T325658|logged]] ([https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Log?type=checkuser-temporary-account example]). If any misuse of this right is detected, it can be taken away separately from any other permissions the user may hold. It would be difficult and sometimes also unreasonable to remove the rights unrelated to access to IP addresses. ** You may grant the new right to all users belonging to a certain existing group individually. These users must meet the criteria for Temporary account IP viewers, though. ** For clarity – all this does not affect administrators, bureaucrats, checkusers, stewards, and other groups mentioned in the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|global policy]]. * '''Activity requirement'''. With regards to users who would need to be granted access manually, the policy says that they "must edit or take a logged action to the local project at least once within a 365-day period". This requirement is not changing. }} {{hidden|Process of granting the right|bg1=background-color:#eee;|2 = * '''Formality of granting the right'''. There is no need for discussions or votes like Request for Adminship. It does suffice if a single admin makes a decision using their own judgement. * '''Additional requirements for the users applying for the right'''. ** You have autonomy over the process for granting the right. You can adopt thresholds higher than 300 edits, or disallow the "non-admin+" users to have the right. The granting process can be as basic or elaborate as you deem appropriate. ** Which criteria admins should take when deciding whether to grant the right – how to tell whether a user needs access to IP addresses? There are no mandatory requirements beyond a minimum of 300 edits and a 6 month old account. You may introduce additional criteria related to trust to the user (such as no prior blocks or copyright violations) or experience in patrolling activities. * '''Additional burden on administrators'''. We understand the toil of having to grant and remove an additional right. This is indeed a downside. We think that it will only have to be a one-time effort to grant this right to a larger number of people. We are curious if you can find ways to limit this burden. }} '''Next steps on your side we would like to suggest''' * We are encouraging you to consider '''adopting a policy''' on granting and removing the right, if you think you need to add anything to the global policy. * We are encouraging you to '''start granting the right'''. Considering our data (up to a few non-functionaries have ever revealed temporary account IP addresses here), we believe you don't need to rush or spend a lot of time preparing for this before the change comes into force, though. * We would like to show you what level of wiki-bureaucracy seems sufficient from our point of view. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=28667152 In the sandbox], we have created a draft of what a page with requests for the flag could look like. Of course the final content of the page will depend on your community. We do not want to imply that we are instructing you on this matter. Let us know if you have any questions. Thank you! [[metawiki:User:NKohli_(WMF)|NKohli (WMF)]] and '''[[Mtumiaji:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 02:27, 16 Mei 2025 (UTC) == RfC ongoing regarding Abstract Wikipedia (and your project) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''(Apologies for posting in English, if this is not your first language)'' Hello all! We opened a discussion on Meta about a very delicate issue for the development of [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia]]: where to store the abstract content that will be developed through functions from Wikifunctions and data from Wikidata. Since some of the hypothesis involve your project, we wanted to hear your thoughts too. We want to make the decision process clear: we do not yet know which option we want to use, which is why we are consulting here. We will take the arguments from the Wikimedia communities into account, and we want to consult with the different communities and hear arguments that will help us with the decision. The decision will be made and communicated after the consultation period by the Foundation. You can read the various hypothesis and have your say at [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content|Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 15:27, 22 Mei 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=28768453 --> == Uchaguzi wa Bodi ya Wadhamini ya Wikimedia Foundation mwaka 2025 na Wito wa Maswali == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Wapendwa wote, Mwaka huu, Muda wa Wadhamini 2 (wawili) waliochaguliwa na jumuiya na Washirika kwenye Bodi ya Wadhamini ya Shirika la Wikimedia Foundation utakamilika [1]. Bodi inakaribisha harakati nzima kushiriki katika mchakato wa uteuzi wa mwaka huu na kupiga kura kujaza viti hivyo. Kamati ya Uchaguzi inasimamia mchakato huu kwa msaada kutoka kwa wafanyakazi wa Shirika [2]. Kamati ya Utawala inayoundwa na wadhamini ambao si wagombea katika mchakato wa uteuzi wa wadhamini waliochaguliwa na jumuiya na washirika wa mwaka 2025 (Raju Narisetti, Shani Evenstein Sigalov, Lorenzo Losa, Kathy Collins, Victoria Doronina na Esra’a Al Shafei) [3], ina jukumu la kutoa usimamizi wa Bodi ya wadhamini kwa ajili ya kuweka taarifa kwa Bodi ya wadhamini. Maelezo zaidi kuhusu majukumu ya Kamati ya Uchaguzi, Bodi, na wafanyakazi yako hapa [4]. Hapa kuna tarehe kuu zilizopangwa: * Mei 22 – Juni 5: Tangazo (mawasiliano hayo) na mwito wa kipindi cha maswali * Juni 17 – Julai 1, 2025: Wito wa wagombea * Julai 2025: Ikihitajika, washirika hupigia kura wagombea waliopo kwenye orodha fupi ikiwa 10 au zaidi wataomba [5] * Agosti 2025: Kipindi cha kampeni * Agosti – Septemba 2025: Kipindi cha wiki mbili cha kupiga kura kwa jumuiya * Oktoba – Novemba 2025: Ukaguzi wa usuli wa watahiniwa waliochaguliwa * Mkutano wa Bodi mnamo Decemba 2025: Wadhamini wapya wamekaa kwenye kiti Jifunze zaidi kuhusu uchaguzi wa 2025 - ikiwa ni pamoja na ratiba ya kina ya matukio, mchakato wa kugombea, sheria za kampeni na vigezo vya kustahiki kwa mpiga kura - kwenye ukurasa huu wa Meta-wiki [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025|[kiungo]]]. '''Wito wa Maswali''' Katika kila mchakato wa uchaguzi, jumuiya ina fursa ya kuwasilisha maswali kwa wagombea wa Bodi ya Wadhamini kujibu. Kamati ya Uchaguzi huchagua maswali kutoka kwenye orodha iliyoandaliwa na jumuiya ili wagombea wajibu. Wagombea lazima wajibu maswali yote yanayohitajika katika maombi ili kustahiki; vinginevyo maombi yao yatakataliwa. Mwaka huu, Kamati ya Uchaguzi itachagua maswali 5 kwa wagombea kujibu. Maswali yaliyochaguliwa yanaweza kuwa mchanganyiko wa yale yaliyowasilishwa kutoka kwa jumuiya, ikiwa yanafanana au yanahusiana. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates|[kiungo]]] '''Watu wa kujitolea katika uchaguzi''' Njia nyingine ya kuhusika katika mchakato wa uchaguzi wa mwaka 2025 ni kuwa Mtu wa Kujitolea katika Uchaguzi. Watu wa Kujitolea katika Uchaguzi ni daraja kati ya Kamati ya Uchaguzi na jumuiya zao. Wanasaidia kuhakikisha jumuiya inawakilishwa na kuwahamasisha kupiga kura. Jifunze zaidi kuhusu mpango na jinsi ya kujiunga kwenye ukurasa huu wa Meta-wiki [[m:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Election_volunteers|[kiungo]]]. Asante! [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Results [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Committee:Elections_Committee_Charter [3] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resolution:Committee_Membership,_December_2024 [4] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Roles [5] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/FAQ [6] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates Salamu sana, Victoria Doronina Uhusiano wa Bodi na Kamati ya Uchaguzi Kamati ya Utawala<section end="announcement-content" /> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 03:08, 28 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == U4C case - conclusion == Hello Swahili community, <br /> first of all I would like to apologize for writing in English, an automatic translation in Swahili will follow but we are aware that automatic translations in your language are not very good so we will need your help to make sure that the text is understandable. On 21 December 2024 a request to U4C was filed here: [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Cases/Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia]]. Some deadlines were extended and we are aware that it took us a long time to conclude the case. I will report our conclusion below in English and with translation in Swahili. I will add also a translation in Italian which is a language one of your most active users (sysop and bureaucrat) is familiar with. Please contact the committee for any clarification needed. As a coordinating committee we would also like to offer our support if you need help with the requested actions. === U4C Motion === (The original text with votes is here: [[:m:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Cases/Sysop_abuse_in_Swahili_Wikipedia#Motions]]) According to UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), Swahili is among the 10 most widely spoken languages in the world, with more than 200 million speakers and it is one of the ''lingua franca'' in many countries within East, Central and Southern Africa as well as in the Middle East. According to Wikipedia ([[:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), Swahili is one of the national languages in Tanzania, Kenya, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Burundi, Uganda, it is an official language of Rwanda, in some areas of Somalia and is spoken in other areas in the African Great Lakes region and East and Southern Africa. With the exception of Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda, in all the countries where Swahili is national language, homosexuality is not only illegal (in some cases - Uganda - with death penalty as punishment) but apparent "promotion" of homosexuality is also severely punished. More about this in following links: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C requested a legal opinion to assess what risks editors and administrators residing in those countries could face in editing or restoring content which may be considered to "promote" homosexuality even if for Wikimedian (or Western) standards that content would not be considered promotional but only neutral or descriptive. The U4C's priorities in this case are: *Protect local users, especially advanced right holders who could be misinterpreted as "responsible" for the content of a project *Protect all the readers and their right to have neutral and informative content '''U4C Actions''' # Recommend that the Swahili Wikipedia community work on a guideline about Neutral Point of View (Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) and a guideline about reliable sources (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). The U4C will review progress in 6 months.<br /> # Recommend that the community seek local expertise on how it is permissible to educate a reader about topics related to LGBTQ issues without violating laws in Swahili-speaking countries and at the same time avoiding discrimination (as per the UCoC). Use this information to support NPOV on these topics. # Recommend that the community start discussing on dealing with local appeals and creating a procedure for this compliant with the [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines]]. # Recommend that the community define a list of pages or "contentious topics" (starting from LGBTQ topics) where, once created, the above mentioned policies are particularly used/applied more strictly. At the same time: *Administrators on Swahili Wikipedia (swwiki) are topic banned from LGBTQ related pages, with admin actions related to content and conduct moderation delegated to Stewards and Global sysops (any interventions can be requested on Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] or [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Here is a non-exhaustive list of pages that are covered: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Homosexuality, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Same sex marriage, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Once the recommended measures as described above are set up, swwiki admins may appeal to the topic ban. === Translation in Swahili === ''This is an automatic translation, please kindly fix mistakes or parts which need clarification.'' Kulingana na UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), Kiswahili ni miongoni mwa lugha 10 zinazozungumzwa na watu wengi zaidi duniani, ikiwa na wazungumzaji zaidi ya milioni 200 na ni mojawapo ya ''lingua franca'' katika nchi nyingi za Mashariki, Kati na Kusini mwa Afrika na pia Mashariki ya Kati. Kwa mujibu wa Wikipedia ([[:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), Kiswahili ni mojawapo ya lugha za kitaifa nchini Tanzania, Kenya, Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo, Burundi, Uganda, ni lugha rasmi ya Rwanda, katika baadhi ya maeneo ya Somalia na inazungumzwa katika maeneo mengine katika eneo la Maziwa Makuu ya Afrika na Afrika Mashariki na Kusini. Isipokuwa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo na Rwanda, katika nchi zote ambako Kiswahili ni lugha ya taifa, ushoga sio tu ni kinyume cha sheria (katika baadhi ya matukio - Uganda - na adhabu ya kifo kama adhabu) lakini "kukuza" kwa ushoga pia kunaadhibiwa vikali. Zaidi kuhusu hili katika viungo vifuatavyo: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C iliomba maoni ya kisheria ili kutathmini hatari ambazo wahariri na wasimamizi wanaoishi katika nchi hizo wanaweza kukabiliana nazo katika kuhariri au kurejesha maudhui ambayo yanaweza kuchukuliwa kuwa "kukuza" ushoga hata kama kwa viwango vya Wikimedian (au Magharibi) maudhui hayo hayatachukuliwa kuwa ya utangazaji bali yasiyoegemea upande wowote au maelezo. Vipaumbele vya U4C katika kesi hii ni: *Linda watumiaji wa ndani, haswa wamiliki wa haki wa hali ya juu ambao wanaweza kutafsiriwa vibaya kama "wajibiki" kwa maudhui ya mradi. *Linda wasomaji wote na haki yao ya kuwa na maudhui yasiyoegemea upande wowote na yenye taarifa '''Vitendo vya U4C''' # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya ya Wikipedia ya Kiswahili ifanyie kazi mwongozo kuhusu Mtazamo wa Kuegemea (Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) na mwongozo kuhusu vyanzo vya kuaminika (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). U4C itakagua maendeleo baada ya miezi 6.<br /> # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya itafute utaalamu wa ndani kuhusu jinsi inavyoruhusiwa kuelimisha msomaji kuhusu mada zinazohusiana na masuala ya LGBTQ bila kukiuka sheria katika nchi zinazozungumza Kiswahili na wakati huo huo kuepuka ubaguzi (kulingana na UCoC). Tumia habari hii kusaidia NPOV kwenye mada hizi. # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya ianze kujadiliana kuhusu kushughulikia rufaa za eneo lako na kuunda utaratibu wa kutii [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines|Mwongozo wa Utekelezaji]]. # Pendekeza kwamba jumuia ifafanue orodha ya kurasa au "mada zinazogombana" (kuanzia mada za LGBTQ) ambapo, mara tu zikiundwa, sera zilizotajwa hapo juu hutumiwa/hutumiwa kwa ukali zaidi. Wakati huo huo: *Wasimamizi kwenye Wikipedia ya Kiswahili (swwiki) wamepigwa marufuku kwenye kurasa zinazohusiana na LGBTQ, huku vitendo vya wasimamizi vinavyohusiana na udhibiti wa maudhui na maadili vimekabidhiwa kwa Stewards na Global sysops (afua zozote zinaweza kuombwa kwenye Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] au [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Hapa kuna orodha isiyo kamili ya kurasa ambazo zimefunikwa: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Ushoga, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Ndoa ya jinsia moja, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Baada ya hatua zilizopendekezwa kama ilivyoelezwa hapo juu kusanidiwa, wasimamizi wa swwiki wanaweza kukata rufaa dhidi ya marufuku ya mada. {{hidden | style = border: 1px black; width: 100%; | headerstyle = background:#f5f5f5 | contentstyle = | header = Translation in Italian/Tafsiri katika Kiitaliano | content = Secondo l'UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), lo Swahili è tra le 10 lingue più parlate al mondo con oltre 200 milioni di persone che lo parlano ed è una "lingue franche" in diversi paese dell'Africa orientale, centrale e meridionale nonché nel Medio-Oriente. Secondo Wikipedia ([[:en:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), lo Swahili è una delle lingue nazionali in Tanzania, Kenya, Repubblica Democratica del Congo, Burundi, Uganda, è lingua ufficiale in Ruanda, in alcune aree della Somalia ed è abitualmente usato in altre aree della regione dei Grandi Laghi e dell'Africa Orientale e meridionale. Con l'eccezione della Repubblica Democratica del Congo e del Ruanda, in tutti i paese in cui lo Swahili è lingua nazionale, l'omosessualità non è solo illegale (in alcuni casi, come l'Uganda, è punita con la pena di morte) ma anche l'apparente promozione dell'omosessualità è severamente punita. Maggiori informazioni nei seguenti link: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C ha richiesto un parere legale per individuare quali rischi corrano i volontari e amministratori residenti in questi paese nell'effettuare modifiche o ripristinare contenuti che possono essere considerati promozionali dell'omosessualità anche se per standard Wikimediani (o del mondo occidentale) non sono considerati promozionali ma solo descrittivi o neutrali. Nel trattare questo caso le priorità dello U4C sono: *Tutelare gli utenti locali, specialmente coloro con diritti addizionali che possono essere erroneamente considerati come "responsabili" dei contenuti di un progetto *Tutelare i lettori e il loro diritto ad avere informazioni e contenuti neutrali '''In considerazione di ciò U4C''' # Raccomanda che la comunità della Wikipedia in Swahili lavori sulla creazione di linee guida sul punto di vista neutrale (Neutral Point of View - Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) e su una linea guida dedicata alle fonti attendibili e al loro uso (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). U4C verificherà i progressi fra 6 mesi.<br /> # Raccomanda che la comunità ricerchi informazioni o consulenza locale su come fornire contenuti informativi sui temi collegati a LGBTQ senza violare leggi nei paesi di lingua Swahili ma allo stesso tempo senza discriminare (ai sensi di UCoC). Le informazioni ottenute andranno a supporto della linea guida sul punto di vista neutrale sull'argomento. # Raccomanda che la comunità inizi una discussione sulla gestione locale degli appelli ai blocchi e su una procedura degli stessi conforme alle linee guida sull'applicazione del codice di condotta [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines]]. # Raccomanda che la comunità definisca una lista di pagine di "argomenti controversi" (partendo dal tema LGBTQ) dove, una volta create le linee guida del punto 1, queste vengano usate e applicate con particolare rigore. Allo stesso tempo: *Gli amministratori della Wikipedia in Swahili hanno un topic ban (blocco selettivo su tema specifico) dalle pagine riguardanti tematiche LGBTQ, gli interventi amministrativi legati alla moderazione di condotta e contenuto sono delegate agli Steward e ai Global sysop (gli interventi possono essere richiesti nelle pagine su Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] oppure [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Di seguito una lista non esasustiva delle pagine coinvolte: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Homosexuality, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Same sex marriage, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Una volta che i rimedi raccomandati descritti nei punti più sopra sono stati attuati gli amministratori di swwiki possono richiedere la rimozione del topic ban. }} On behalf of U4C, '''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 13:23, 31 Mei 2025 (UTC) == Vote now in the 2025 U4C Election == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{Int:Please-translate}} Eligible voters are asked to participate in the 2025 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] election. More information–including an eligibility check, voting process information, candidate information, and a link to the vote–are available on Meta at the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2025|2025 Election information page]]. The vote closes on 17 June 2025 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1750161600 12:00 UTC]. Please vote if your account is eligible. Results will be available by 1 July 2025. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 23:01, 13 Juni 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28848819 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2025 - Call for Candidates</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div> Hello all, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|call for candidates for the 2025 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees selection is now open]] from June 17, 2025 – July 2, 2025 at 11:59 UTC [1]. The Board of Trustees oversees the Wikimedia Foundation's work, and each Trustee serves a three-year term [2]. This is a volunteer position. This year, the Wikimedia community will vote in late August through September 2025 to fill two (2) seats on the Foundation Board. Could you – or someone you know – be a good fit to join the Wikimedia Foundation's Board of Trustees? [3] Learn more about what it takes to stand for these leadership positions and how to submit your candidacy on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidate application|this Meta-wiki page]] or encourage someone else to run in this year's election. Best regards, Abhishek Suryawanshi<br /> Chair of the Elections Committee On behalf of the Elections Committee and Governance Committee [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Call_for_candidates [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Bylaws#(B)_Term. [3] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Resources_for_candidates<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 17:44, 17 Juni 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28866958 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Sister Projects Task Force reviews Wikispore and Wikinews</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="message"/> Dear Wikimedia Community, The [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs Committee (CAC)]] of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees assigned [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Sister Projects Task Force|the Sister Projects Task Force (SPTF)]] to update and implement a procedure for assessing the lifecycle of Sister Projects – wiki [[m:Wikimedia projects|projects supported by Wikimedia Foundation (WMF)]]. A vision of relevant, accessible, and impactful free knowledge has always guided the Wikimedia Movement. As the ecosystem of Wikimedia projects continues to evolve, it is crucial that we periodically review existing projects to ensure they still align with our goals and community capacity. Despite their noble intent, some projects may no longer effectively serve their original purpose. '''Reviewing such projects is not about giving up – it's about responsible stewardship of shared resources'''. Volunteer time, staff support, infrastructure, and community attention are finite, and the non-technical costs tend to grow significantly as our ecosystem has entered a different age of the internet than the one we were founded in. Supporting inactive projects or projects that didn't meet our ambitions can unintentionally divert these resources from areas with more potential impact. Moreover, maintaining projects that no longer reflect the quality and reliability of the Wikimedia name stands for, involves a reputational risk. An abandoned or less reliable project affects trust in the Wikimedia movement. Lastly, '''failing to sunset or reimagine projects that are no longer working can make it much harder to start new ones'''. When the community feels bound to every past decision – no matter how outdated – we risk stagnation. A healthy ecosystem must allow for evolution, adaptation, and, when necessary, letting go. If we create the expectation that every project must exist indefinitely, we limit our ability to experiment and innovate. Because of this, SPTF reviewed two requests concerning the lifecycle of the Sister Projects to work through and demonstrate the review process. We chose Wikispore as a case study for a possible new Sister Project opening and Wikinews as a case study for a review of an existing project. Preliminary findings were discussed with the CAC, and a community consultation on both proposals was recommended. === Wikispore === The [[m:Wikispore|application to consider Wikispore]] was submitted in 2019. SPTF decided to review this request in more depth because rather than being concentrated on a specific topic, as most of the proposals for the new Sister Projects are, Wikispore has the potential to nurture multiple start-up Sister Projects. After careful consideration, the SPTF has decided '''not to recommend''' Wikispore as a Wikimedia Sister Project. Considering the current activity level, the current arrangement allows '''better flexibility''' and experimentation while WMF provides core infrastructural support. We acknowledge the initiative's potential and seek community input on what would constitute a sufficient level of activity and engagement to reconsider its status in the future. As part of the process, we shared the decision with the Wikispore community and invited one of its leaders, Pharos, to an SPTF meeting. Currently, we especially invite feedback on measurable criteria indicating the project's readiness, such as contributor numbers, content volume, and sustained community support. This would clarify the criteria sufficient for opening a new Sister Project, including possible future Wikispore re-application. However, the numbers will always be a guide because any number can be gamed. === Wikinews === We chose to review Wikinews among existing Sister Projects because it is the one for which we have observed the highest level of concern in multiple ways. Since the SPTF was convened in 2023, its members have asked for the community's opinions during conferences and community calls about Sister Projects that did not fulfil their promise in the Wikimedia movement.[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WCNA_2024._Sister_Projects_-_opening%3F_closing%3F_merging%3F_splitting%3F.pdf <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Community_Affairs_Committee/Sister_Projects_Task_Force#Wikimania_2023_session_%22Sister_Projects:_past,_present_and_the_glorious_future%22 <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F <nowiki>[3]</nowiki>] Wikinews was the leading candidate for an evaluation because people from multiple language communities proposed it. Additionally, by most measures, it is the least active Sister Project, with the greatest drop in activity over the years. While the Language Committee routinely opens and closes language versions of the Sister Projects in small languages, there has never been a valid proposal to close Wikipedia in major languages or any project in English. This is not true for Wikinews, where there was a proposal to close English Wikinews, which gained some traction but did not result in any action[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Proposals_for_closing_projects/Closure_of_English_Wikinews <nowiki>[4]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F <nowiki>[5]</nowiki>, see section 5] as well as a draft proposal to close all languages of Wikinews[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:Proposals_for_closing_projects/Archive_2#Close_Wikinews_completely,_all_languages? <nowiki>[6]</nowiki>]. [[:c:File:Sister Projects Taskforce Wikinews review 2024.pdf|Initial metrics]] compiled by WMF staff also support the community's concerns about Wikinews. Based on this report, SPTF recommends a community reevaluation of Wikinews. We conclude that its current structure and activity levels are the lowest among the existing sister projects. SPTF also recommends pausing the opening of new language editions while the consultation runs. SPTF brings this analysis to a discussion and welcomes discussions of alternative outcomes, including potential restructuring efforts or integration with other Wikimedia initiatives. '''Options''' mentioned so far (which might be applied to just low-activity languages or all languages) include but are not limited to: *Restructure how Wikinews works and is linked to other current events efforts on the projects, *Merge the content of Wikinews into the relevant language Wikipedias, possibly in a new namespace, *Merge content into compatibly licensed external projects, *Archive Wikinews projects. Your insights and perspectives are invaluable in shaping the future of these projects. We encourage all interested community members to share their thoughts on the relevant discussion pages or through other designated feedback channels. === Feedback and next steps === We'd be grateful if you want to take part in a conversation on the future of these projects and the review process. We are setting up two different project pages: [[m:Public consultation about Wikispore|Public consultation about Wikispore]] and [[m:Public consultation about Wikinews|Public consultation about Wikinews]]. Please participate between 27 June 2025 and 27 July 2025, after which we will summarize the discussion to move forward. You can write in your own language. I will also host a community conversation 16th July Wednesday 11.00 UTC and 17th July Thursday 17.00 UTC (call links to follow shortly) and will be around at Wikimania for more discussions. <section end="message"/> </div> -- [[User:Victoria|Victoria]] on behalf of the Sister Project Task Force, 20:57, 27 Juni 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Sister_project_MassMassage_on_behalf_of_Victoria/Target_list&oldid=28911188 --> == Wikidata Item and Property labels soon displayed in Wiki Watchlist/Recent Changes == ''(Apologies for posting in English, you can help by translating into your language)'' Hello everyone, the [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects]] team is excited to announce an upcoming change in how Wikidata edit changelogs are displayed in your [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlists]] and [[Special:RecentChanges|Recent Changes]] lists. If an edit is made on Wikidata that affects a page in another Wikimedia Project, the changelog will contain some information about the nature of the edit. This can include a QID (or Q-number), a PID (or P-number) and a value (which can be text, numbers, dates, or also QID or PID’s). Confused by these terms? See the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Glossary|Wikidata:Glossary]] for further explanations. The upcoming change is scheduled for '''17.07.2025''', between '''1300 - 1500 UTC'''. The change will display the label (item name) alongside any QID or PIDs, as seen in the image below: [[File:Apr10 edit summary on Wikidata.png|An edit sum entry on Wikidata, labels display alongside their P- and Q-no.'s]] These changes will only be visible if you have Wikidata edits enabled in your User Preferences for Watchlists and Recent Changes, or have the active filter ‘Wikidata edits’ checkbox toggled on, directly on the Watchlist and Recent Changes pages. Your bot and gadget may be affected! There are thousands of bots, gadgets and user-scripts and whilst we have researched potential effects to many of them, we cannot guarantee there won’t be some that are broken or affected by this change. Further information and context about this change, including how your bot may be affected can be found on this [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|project task page]]. We welcome your questions and feedback, please write to us on this dedicated [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Talk page]]. Thank you, - [[m:User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] on behalf of the Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects Team. '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 12:46, 14 Julai 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_Test_List&oldid=28981877 --> == Boti ya kukaribisha ya [[user:AmmarBot|Ammar]] == Ndugu zangu wanaWikipedia. Hivi karibuni, nikiwa huko jijini Nairobi, nilikutana na Ammar. Kijana wa Kihausa kutoka nchini Nigeria. Katika maongezi yetu, tukafikia hatua ya kuzungumzia boti za kukaribisha watu. Kijana huyu alikubali kutumia muda wake mchache kuunda boti ya kukaribisha watu. Hivyo basi kila kibarua cha karibu kila wakati kimetuishia. Tafadhalini msipoteza muda wenu kukaribisha watu. Boti itafanya kazi. Tazameni: [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum%3AMichango&target=AmmarBot&namespace=all&tagfilter=&start=&end=&limit=50 Hapa] [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 13:45, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :Hii nzuri! '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 15:02, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) ::Ila BOT atachukua muda gani tangu mgeni kajiunga hadi atakapokaribishwa? '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 15:02, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Introducing Paste Check: a new Edit Check for Wikipedia == Hello! Sorry for using English language. {{int:please-translate}}. {{int:Thank-you}} Paste Check is a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|Edit Check]] feature to help avoid and fight copyright violations. When editors paste text into an article, Paste Check can prompt them to confirm the origin and licensing of the content. '''Why Paste Check?''' Paste Check benefits two audiences: * Newcomers: Many new editors are unaware of Wikipedia’s policies regarding copyright violations. Some mistakenly believe that pasting from what they consider reliable sources is the way to edit. * Experienced editors: Paste Check aims to make it easier to identify and patrol edits that may contain pasted content (which can be either legit or copyright violations), helping us save time. The goal is to reduce the rate of copyright violations by at least 10% among newer editors. '''How it works''' By default, Paste Check will be shown to editors who have published 100 or fewer edits locally. When an editor matching this requirement pastes at least 50 characters of text from somewhere else, Paste Check will ask them to confirm if they wrote the content. Two options are then available: * Keep the text – the user is then asked to explain why. * Remove the text – the text is removed. In both cases, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tags|edits will be tagged]] so that experienced editors can identify edits in which Paste Check was shown. The tag will be visible even if the final edit didn’t include any pasted text. Paste Check will trigger when text is pasted a source it doesn’t recognize as another editing environment. It won’t show up if the editor has pasted text that we can technically recognize is coming from another MediaWiki visual editor instance, MS Office, Libre Office, Google Docs, or is plain text. To start, Paste Check will only work in the visual editor. '''Get involved''' The Editing team is seeking input on the proposed user experience and configuration. We plan to test the following interface with new users ([https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&showMessage=editcheck-dialog-addref-reject-question&group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw-editcheck&language=&filter=&optional=1&action=translate please help translating it]):   [[File:Paste_Check_interface_for_September_2025's_test.png|575x575px]] We're planning to refine this interface over time, but want to start by launching a test so that we can determine whether the check is useful. We presented this interface to people who don't participate in Wikipedia, and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Paste Check#Qualitative evaluation|they found it practical and easy to understand]]. As a consequence, we would like to start by showing the feature to a fraction of newcomers for approximately 6 weeks. After this point, we will review the experiment results and decide what to do next. '''Configuration and test''' For experienced users, Paste Check will be configurable by the local communities (e.g. edit count thresholds, ignored sections and namespaces). Edits triggering Paste Check will be marked with the tag <code>editcheck-paste-shown</code> for easier tracking. You can try the proposed Paste Check interface: * visit https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/w/index.php?title=Cats&veaction=edit&ecenable=2 * Paste 50 characters or more from an external source, such as a website, to see the prompt. Your feedback is valuable! Please share your thoughts below, and ping me. {{int:Thank-you}} [[user:Trizek_(WMF)|Trizek_(WMF)]] 13:47, 18 Septemba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Trizek_(WMF)/sandbox/temp_MassMessage_list&oldid=29293687 --> :This test is planned to start on this Wednesday, 8 October. Let me know if you have any question! '''[[Mtumiaji:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Trizek (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 15:31, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Hivi karibuni Wiki yenu itakuwa kwenye mfumo wa kutoharirika. == <section begin="server-switch"/><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Soma ujumbe huu kupitia lugha nyingine]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] [[foundation:|Shirika la Wikimedia]] litafanya mbadilishano wa taarifa baina ya vituo vyake vya data. Hii itahakikisha kuwa Wikipedia na Wiki nyingine za Wikimedia zinabaki mtandaoni hata likitokea janga. Mbadilishano wa taarifa utafanyika: '''{{#time:j xg|2025-09-24|sw}}'''. Mbadilishano utaanza $muda huu: Inasikitisha kwamba, kutokana na vipingamizi kwenye [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], uhariri wa kila namna itabidi usitishwe wakati wa mbadilishano. Tunaomba radhi kwa mvurugiko huo, na tunafanya juhudi kupunguza kutokea kwa adha kama hiyo siku za ver. Bango litaanikizwa kwenye Wiki zote dakika 30 kabla ya kuanza kwa mchakato. Bango litabaki likionekana mpaka operesheni itapofikia mwisho. <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">You can contribute to the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=Centralnotice-tgroup-read_only_banner&task=view&language=&filter=&action=translate translation or proofreading] of this banner text.</span> '''Mtaweza kusoma, lakini si kuhariri, kwenye Wiki zote, kwa kipindi kifupi.''' *Hutoweza kuhariri kwa takriban saa moja {{#time:l j xg Y|2025-09-24|sw}}. *Ukijaribu kuhariri na kuhifadhi kwenye nyakati his, utaona ujumbe kukujulisha kuwa umekosea. Tunanatumaini kuwa hakuna maharirio yatakayopotea kwenye dakika hizo, lakini hatuwezi kuahidi. Ukiona ujumbe unaokuarifu kuwa unakosea, basi tafadhali subiri hadi iwe ya kawaida. Baadae utaweza kuhifadhi kuhifadhi maharirio yako. Kakini, tunashauri uweke kwanza nakala ya mabadiliko uliyofanya, kwa tahadhari tu. ''Athari nyingine '' *Shughuli za nyuma ya pazia zitakuwa za taratibu sana, na nyingine zinaweza kuachwa. Viungo vyekundu vinaweza vikasasishwa polepole kuliko kawaida. Ukianzisha makala makala ambayo tayari imeunganishwa na sehemu nyingine, kiungo kitabaki chekundu kwa muda mrefu kuliko kawaida. Baadhi ya maandishi ya muda mrefu italazimika kuyasimamisha. * Tunatarajia utekelezaji wa kimsimbo utafanyika kama kwenye wiki [juma] zingine. Hata hivyo, kuzuiwa Kwa baadhi ya misimbo itayoainishwa, kunaweza kutokea bila kuchelewa kama operesheni itahitaji baadae. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|Gitlab]] haitopatikana kwa kiasi cha dakika 90. Mradi huu unaweza kuahirishwa panapo ulazima. Unaweza [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|kusoma ratiba hiyo kwenye wikitech. wikimedia.org]]. Mabadiliko yoyote yatatangazwa kwenye mpangilio wa ratiba. '''Tafadhali shiriki habari hii na jumuia yako.'''</div><section end="server-switch"/> <span dir=ltr>[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|{{int:talk}}]])</span> 15:41, 18 Septemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29170715 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Migration to Parsoid</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> <em>[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Parsoid Read Views/Read View Announcement|Read this in another language]]</em> Hello everyone! I am glad to inform you that as the next step in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parser Unification]] project, Parsoid will soon be turned on as the default article renderer on your wiki. We are gradually increasing the number of wikis using Parsoid, with the intention of making it the default wikitext parser for MediaWiki's next long-term support release. This will make our wikis more reliable and consistent for editors, readers, and tools to use, as well as making the development of future wikitext features easier. If this disrupts your workflow, don’t worry! You can still opt out through a user preference or turn Parsoid off on the current page using the Tools submenu, as described in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration|Extension:ParserMigration]] documentation. There is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser_Unification/Confidence_Framework|more information about our roll-out strategy]] available, including the testing done before we turn on Parsoid for a new wiki. To report bugs and issues, please look at our [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Known Issues|known issues]] documentation and if you found a new bug please create a phab ticket and tag the [[phab:project/view/5846|Content Transform Team in Phabricator]]. <section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[mw:User:ABreault (WMF)|Content Transform Team]]</bdi> 19:49, 2 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ABreault (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_Foundation/Product_and_Technology/Parsoid_Read_Views/2025-10-06_Wikipedias&oldid=29381387 --> == Event Organizer Right for [[user:EUwandu-WMF|EUwandu-WMF]] == Dear Swahili Wikipedia Admins, The Community Organizing Experience team (formerly the Campaigns team) at the Wikimedia Foundation is supporting Wikimedia Arusha and Wikimedia Kilimanjaro to strengthen their capacity in adopting the CampaignEvents extension tools, including Event Registration tool for their 2025-26 General Support Funds activities. In order to implement this support, I would need the event organizer right on Swahili Wikipedia. I have also communicated this to [[user:Jadnapac|Jadnapac]] who recommended I ask for the right here. '''[[Mtumiaji:EUwandu-WMF|EUwandu-WMF]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:EUwandu-WMF|majadiliano]])''' 17:19, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]], @[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] please gather here. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 18:17, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :I support granting the event organizer right to EUwandu-WMF. '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 20:17, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Toa maoni yako: pigia kura Bodi ya Wadhamini ya mwaka 2025 == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Habarini nyote, Kipindi cha upigaji kura cha [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|uchaguzi wa Bodi ya Wadhamini wa 2025]] sasa kimefunguliwa. Wagombea wanagombea viti 2 (viwili) kwenye Bodi. Ili kuangalia ustahiki wako wa mpiga kura, tafadhali tembelea [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Voter eligibility guidelines|ukurasa wa ustahiki wa mpiga kura]]. Jifunze zaidi kuwahusu kwa [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidates|kusoma taarifa zao za maombi na kutazama video zao za ugombeaji]]. Ukiwa tayari, nenda kwenye ukurasa wa kupiga kura wa [[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/405|SecurePoll kupiga kura]]. '''Upigaji kura utaanza tarehe 8 Oktoba saa 00:00 UTC hadi Oktoba 22 saa 23:59 UTC.''' Kila la kheri, Abhishek Suryawanshi<br />Mwenyekiti, Kamati ya Uchaguzi<section end="announcement-content" /> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 04:48, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29360896 --> == Message from U4C == Dear Swahili community, (''Apologies for writing in English. A machine-translated version of this message is attached below for your convenience. In case of any discrepancies, please refer to the English version as the source.'') We have been made aware of the deletion of the article [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] and the subsequent block of @[[User:E.N. Emmanuel]] (who can appeal on their talk page).<br /> @[[User:Olimasy]], could you please briefly explain what was the reason, among those listed here [[Wikipedia:Kufuta_makala]], for the speedy deletion of that page? We would like to remind you all and the administrators of this project in particular that local admins are currently topic banned from LGBTQ related pages, and admin actions related to content and conduct moderation are delegated to Stewards and Global sysops. Any intervention concerning related content or users should be requested on Meta. You can read our motion here [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]]. This measure will remain in effect until the actions we have recommended for this project (listed here [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]] in the section U4C Actions) have been completed. If you need any help with these steps please do not hesitate to contact us. On behalf of the U4C, --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 17:51, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (''Hii ni tafsiri ya kiotomatiki'')<br /> Ndugu waswahili,<br /> Tumefahamishwa kuhusu kufutwa kwa makala [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] na kizuizi kilichofuata cha @[[User:E.N. Emmanuel]] (anayeweza kukata rufaa kwenye ukurasa wao wa mazungumzo).<br /> @[[User:Olimasy]], tafadhali unaweza kueleza kwa ufupi sababu ilikuwa nini, miongoni mwa walioorodheshwa hapa [[Wikipedia:Kufuta_makala]], kwa kufutwa haraka kwa ukurasa huo? Tungependa kuwakumbusha nyote na wasimamizi wa mradi huu hasa kwamba wasimamizi wa ndani kwa sasa wamepigwa marufuku kutoka kwa kurasa zinazohusiana na LGBTQ, na vitendo vya wasimamizi vinavyohusiana na udhibiti wa maudhui na maadili hukabidhiwa kwa Steward na Global sysops. Uingiliaji kati wowote kuhusu maudhui yanayohusiana au watumiaji unapaswa kuombwa kwenye Meta. Unaweza kusoma hoja yetu hapa [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]]. Hatua hii itaendelea kutumika hadi hatua ambazo tumependekeza kwa mradi huu (zilizoorodheshwa hapa [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]] katika sehemu ya U4C Actions) zimekamilika. Ikiwa unahitaji msaada wowote kwa hatua hizi tafadhali usisite kuwasiliana nasi. Kwa niaba ya U4C, --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 17:51, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] I’ve reviewed the deletion log, and the article has already been removed. Judging by the structure and grammar, it seems the contributor may not be fluent in Kiswahili—the article had significant linguistic and formatting issues. :While we appreciate efforts to represent diverse communities, it’s equally important that all articles meet the quality standards of Swahili Wikipedia. :In a constructive spirit, we can encourage the contributor to collaborate with others to improve the article before republishing. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 20:22, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Contributor is banned and only option for him is new account. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 08:08, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[User:Muddyb]] the first version of the article was created by the user and [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=312781 deleted] on 1 October. After being pinged yesterday the user recreated the page ([https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=315152 here]), it turned out that the user is a cross wiki abuser and the page was deleted by a Global Sysop who later [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=315181 undeleted the page] because apparently it is a translation of enwiki. Nobody of us is able to understand if that content makes sense in Swahili or if it is an automatic translation, or meets speedy deletion criteria like you mentioned. Personally speaking U4C asked that articles about contentious topics should be based on reliable sources and that content does not meet that requirement. The user is global blocked so I do not foresee cooperation. If the content meets deletion criteria please use the delete template (I think it is this one {{tl|Futa}}?) and then request deletion on Meta (here: [[:m:Global_sysops/Requests]]). I understand that this is a little complicated but it is a temporary measure. Please do not hesitate to contact us for any help or suggestion about the recommended actions in our motion. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 09:03, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] I have informed the admin team again not to interfere directly with those kinds of articles instead we should inform Stewards to take the matter. Thanks. We will surely reach out in case of anything resurfaced. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 09:33, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[User:Muddyb]] many thanks, yes the right way is to inform Stewards or Global Sysops, your guidance is of course welcome (and needed) to overcome the language barrier. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Alternate version was correctly remade by TEMPORARY ACCOUNT and makes sense. Both "Emmanuel" accounts are ABUSERS, one locally blocked and other globally blocked. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 09:18, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] Share the recreated article that makes sense, please! [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 09:34, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Recreated article with sense is here: [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 09:45, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Se non fossi impedito, metterei il template <nowiki>{{tafsiri kompyuta}}</nowiki> perché è una traduzione orripilante. Pace a te, Civvì! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:05, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :If there is consensus on deletion due to low quality please request the deletion on Meta (explaining the reasons). For sure the goal of our requests is not to lower your quality standards. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 11:05, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] na @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] The recreated article is another trash in the block. I will write global sysop to delete it. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 12:03, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::Do not forget REDIRECTS and TALKS when deleting. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 12:01, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::Four instances to delete: ::[[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]], [[Majadiliano:Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] ::[[Historia ya Ubadilishaji jinsia]], [[Majadiliano:Historia ya Ubadilishaji jinsia]] ::'''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 12:08, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::"The recreated article is another trash in the block." FOUR INSTANCES. '''[[Mtumiaji:Soggo Ionno|Soggo Ionno]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Soggo Ionno|majadiliano]])''' 12:15, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="function1"/> {{int:Hello}}. Please help pick a name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. This project will be a wiki that will enable users to combine functions from [[:f:|Wikifunctions]] and data from Wikidata in order to generate natural language sentences in any supported languages. These sentences can then be used by any Wikipedia (or elsewhere). There will be two rounds of voting, each followed by legal review of candidates, with votes beginning on 20 October and 17 November 2025. Our goal is to have a final project name selected on mid-December 2025. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <section end="function1"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:43, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29432175 --> == Kutafuta watu wa kujitolea kujiunga na kamati kadhaa za harakati. == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Kila mwaka, kwa kawaida kuanzia Oktoba hadi Desemba, kamati kadhaa za harakati hutafuta watu wapya wa kujitolea. Soma zaidi kuhusu kamati hizo kwenye kurasa zao za Meta-wiki: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Kamati ya Ushirikiano (AffCom)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds commission|Tume ya Wachunguzi Maalum (OC)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Trust and Safety/Case Review Committee|Kamati ya Mapitio ya kesi (CRC)]] Maombi ya kamati hizo yatafunguliwa tarehe 30 Oktoba 2025. Maombi ya Kamati ya Ushirikiano, tume ya Wachunguzi Maalum na Kamati ya Mapitio ya Kesi yatafungwa tarehe 11 Desemba 2025. Jifunze namna ya kutuma maombi kwa [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Committee appointments| kutembelea ukurasa wa uteuzi kwenye Meta-Wiki]].Tuma kwenye ukurasa wa majadiliano au barua pepe cst[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org na maswali yoyote ambayo unaweza kuwa nayo. Kwa timu ya Msaada ya Kamati, <section end="announcement-content" /> -[[m:User:MKaur (WMF)| MKaur (WMF)]] 14:13, 30 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:MKaur (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29517125 --> == Will you help us test an updated Databox? == ''Apologies for posting in English - you can help by translating it'' Hello everyone, recently an update has been made to the [[w:sw:Module:Databox|Module:Databox]] / [[w:sw:Template:Databox|Template:Databox]] page with the following changes: * A Wikidata logo and link to the connected Wikidata Item * New parameters <code>useImage=</code> and <code>excludeProperties=</code> can be invoked in the source code to give a greater degree of control on what the Databox displays. ** '''<code>useImage=</code>''' choose a different [[d:Property:P18|image(P18)]] to display in the Databox.<br> Example: <nowiki>{{Databox|useImage=Hubble_Ultra_Deep_Field_part d.jpg}}</nowiki><br><br> ** '''<code>excludeParameters=</code>''' hides selected Properties (and values) in from displaying in the current Databox.<br>Example: <nowiki>{{Databox|excludeProperties=P1290,P66}}</nowiki> * The parameters can be combined, separated by a pipe |:<br><code><nowiki>{{</nowiki></code><code>Databox|'''useImage='''image_file.jpg|'''excludeProperties='''P123}}</code> === How can you help? === Please help us by playing with the new features, adding Databoxes to Articles and using the new parameters (if it is good for the article). Mostly we just want to collect feedback on whether this is a positive change, is useful, interrupts your editing workflows and / or causes any issues or bugs. Only the first change (Wikidata Logo+Link) will automatically apply to existing Databoxes (may take upto 30 days from this post) or after any edit to a page with a Databox (including null-edits). The two Parameters will only show if the <nowiki>{{Databox}}</nowiki> wikitext is edited with the new parameter code.<br>[[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox#Changes_to_Databox|Find instructions to do that here]].<br> Any questions, please feel free to reply here or add them to the [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox|Talk page]].<br> Thank you, - '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 14:41, 6 Novemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_test_list&oldid=29580122 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Reminder: Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="function2"/> {{int:Hello}}. Reminder: Please help to choose name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. The finalist vote starts today. The finalists for the name are: <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Abstract Wikipedia, Multilingual Wikipedia, Wikiabstracts, Wikigenerator, Proto-Wiki</span>. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <section end="function2"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:22, 20 Novemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29583860 --> == Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 == Dear Wikimedia communities, We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year. ''Last year, we captured light. This year, we’ll capture legacy.'' In 2025, communities around the world shared the glow of Ramadan nights and the warmth of collective iftars. In 2026, ''Wiki Loves Ramadan'' is expanding, bringing more stories, more cultures, and deeper global connections across Wikimedia projects. We invite you to explore the ''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026'' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Meta page]] to learn how you can participate and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/Participating communities|sign up]] your community. 📷 ''Photo campaign on '' [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wikimedia Commons]] If you have questions about the project, please refer to the FAQs: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ/|Meta-Wiki]] * [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ|Wikimedia Commons]] ''Early registration for updates is now open via the '''[[m:Special:RegisterForEvent/2710|Event page]]''''' ''Stay connected and receive updates:'' * [https://t.me/WikiLovesRamadan Telegram channel] * [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/wikilovesramadan.lists.wikimedia.org/ Mailing list] We look forward to collaborating with you and your community. '''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 19:45, 16 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29879549 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2026 starts soon == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> ;Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2026 Dear Wiki Community, We are pleased to invite Wikimedia communities, affiliates, and independent contributors to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026]]''' writing competition on your local Wikipedia. The international campaign will run from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and aims to improve coverage of feminism, women’s histories, gender-related topics, and folk culture across Wikipedia projects. ;About the Campaign '''Feminism and Folklore''' is a global writing initiative that complements the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026|Wiki Loves Folklore]]''' photography competition. While Wiki Loves Folklore focuses on visual documentation, this writing campaign addresses the '''gender gap on Wikipedia''' by improving encyclopedic content related to folk culture and marginalized voices. ;What Can Participants Write About? Communities can contribute by creating, expanding, or translating articles related to: * Folk festivals, rituals, and celebrations * Folk dances, music, and traditional performances * Women and queer figures in folklore * Women in mythology and oral traditions * Women warriors, witches, and witch-hunting narratives * Fairy tales, folk stories, and legends * Folk games, sports, and cultural practices Participants may work from curated article lists or generate new article suggestions using campaign tools. ;How to Sign Up as an Organizer Organizers are requested to complete the following steps to register their community: # Create a local project page on your wiki [[:m:Feminism and Folklore/Sample|(see sample)]] # Set up the campaign using the '''CampWiz''' tool # Prepare a local article list and clearly mention: #* Campaign timeline #* Local and international prizes # Request a site notice from local administrators [[:mr:Template:SN-FNF|(see sample)]] # Add your local project page and CampWiz link to the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta project page]]''' ;Campaign Tools The Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced tools to support organizers and participants: * '''Article List Generator by Topic''' – Helps identify articles available on English Wikipedia but missing in your local language Wikipedia. The tool allows customized filters and provides downloadable article lists in CSV and wikitable formats. * '''CampWiz''' – Enables communities to manage writing campaigns effectively, including jury-based evaluation. This will be the third year CampWiz is officially used for Feminism and Folklore. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ Click here to access the tools]''' ;Learn More & Get Support For detailed information about rules, timelines, and prizes, please visit the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 project page]]'''. If you have any questions or need assistance, feel free to reach out via: * '''[[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta talk page]]''' * Email us using details on the contact page. ;Join Us We look forward to your collaboration and coordination in making Feminism and Folklore 2026 a meaningful and impactful campaign for closing gender gaps and enriching folk culture content on Wikipedia. Thank you and best wishes, '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 International Team]]''' ---- ''Stay connected:'' [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> == Invitation to Host Wiki Loves Folklore 2026 in Your Country == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]] Hello everyone, We are delighted to invite Wikimedia affiliates, user groups, and community organizations worldwide to participate in '''Wiki Loves Folklore 2026''', an international initiative dedicated to documenting and celebrating folk culture across the globe. ;About Wiki Loves Folklore '''Wiki Loves Folklore''' is an annual international photography competition hosted on Wikimedia Commons. The campaign runs from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and encourages photographers, cultural enthusiasts, and community members to contribute photographs that highlight: * Folk traditions and rituals * Cultural festivals and celebrations * Traditional attire and crafts * Performing arts, music, and dance * Everyday practices rooted in folk heritage Through this campaign, we aim to preserve and promote diverse folk cultures and make them freely accessible to the world. [[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026|Project page on Wikimedia Commons]] ; Host a Local Edition As we celebrate the '''eight edition''' of Wiki Loves Folklore, we warmly invite communities to organize a local edition in their country or region. Hosting a local campaign is a great opportunity to: * Increase visibility of your region’s folk culture * Engage new contributors in your community * Enrich Wikimedia Commons with high-quality cultural content '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026/Organize|Sign up to organize]]:''' If your team prefers to organize the competition in ''either February or March only'', please feel free to let us know. If you are unable to organize, we encourage you to share this opportunity with other interested groups or organizations in your region. ;Get in Touch If you have any questions, need support, or would like to explore collaboration opportunities, please feel free to contact us via: * The project Talk pages * Email: '''support@wikilovesfolklore.org''' We are also happy to connect via an online meeting if your team would like to discuss planning or coordination in more detail. Warm regards, '''The Wiki Loves Folklore International Team''' </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 13:21, 18 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=29228188 --> == Mapitio ya kila mwaka ya Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Nidhamu na Miongozo ya Utekelezaji == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Ninakuandikia ili kukujulisha kuwa muda wa upitiaji wa kila mwaka wa Kanuni za Maadili na Miongozo ya Utekelezaji umefunguliwa sasa. Unaweza kutoa mapendekezo ya mabadiliko hadi tarehe 9 Februari 2026. Hii ni hatua ya kwanza kati ya kadhaa itakayochukuliwa kwa upitiaji wa kila mwaka. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Soma maelezo zaidi na utafute mazungumzo ya kujiunga kwenye ukurasa wa UCoC kwenye Meta]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Nidhamu]] (U4C) ni kundi la kimataifa linalojitolea kutoa utekelezaji sawa na thabiti wa UCoC. Tathmini hii ya kila mwaka ilipangwa na kutekelezwa na U4C. Kwa maelezo zaidi na majukumu ya U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|unaweza kukagua Mkataba wa U4C]]. Tafadhali washirikishe habari hii washiriki wengine katika jumuiya yako popote inapohitajika. -- Kwa ushirikiano na U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:Mazungumzo ya mtumiaji:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])<section end="announcement-content" /> 21:02, 19 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29905753 --> == Join the sixth Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia 2026.png|right|250px|thumb|link=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ukraine%27s_Cultural_Diplomacy_Month_2026|Join our campaign!]] {{int:please-translate}} Dear Wikipedians! [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the sixth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''1st April''' until '''30th April 2026'''. The initiative aims to promote knowledge about Ukrainian culture abroad by creating and improving Wikipedia articles in multiple languages. This year marks the sixth edition of the campaign, which will focus on contemporary culture, making today’s artistic voices and practices more visible to international audiences. 🧩'''How to participate?''' Choose an article from the suggested list → Write an article in your language, or improve an existing one according to the rules → Add your contribution to the contest page and calculate your points → Win prizes and receive a certificate of participation → Become a promoter of truthful knowledge about Ukraine. 🧩'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Check our main page for more information]]'''. '''If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest.''' If not, then we encourage you to translate the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|landing page of the contest]] and [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MessageGroupStats?group=Centralnotice-tgroup-UCDM2026banner&messages=&language=en&x=D banner] into your own language. Also, we set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in this challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) 04:35, 1 April 2026 (UTC) </div> (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&oldid=28552112 --> == Action Required: Update templates/modules for electoral maps (Migrating from P1846 to P14226) == Hello everyone, This is a notice regarding an ongoing data migration on Wikidata that may affect your election-related templates and Lua modules (such as <code>Module:Itemgroup/list</code>). '''The Change:'''<br /> Currently, many templates pull electoral maps from Wikidata using the property [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]], combined with the qualifier [[:d:Property:P180|P180]]: [[:d:Q19571328|Q19571328]]. We are migrating this data (across roughly 4,000 items) to a newly created, dedicated property: '''[[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]]'''. '''What You Need To Do:'''<br /> To ensure your templates and infoboxes do not break or lose their maps, please update your local code to fetch data from [[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]] instead of the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] + [[:d:Property:P180|P180]] structure. A [[m:Wikidata/Property Migration: P1846 to P14226/List|list of pages]] was generated using Wikimedia Global Search. '''Deadline:'''<br /> We are temporarily retaining the old data on [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] to allow for a smooth transition. However, to complete the data cleanup on Wikidata, the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] statements will be removed after '''May 1, 2026'''. Please update your modules and templates before this date to prevent any disruption to your wiki's election articles. Let us know if you have any questions or need assistance with the query logic. Thank you for your help! [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] using '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 17:11, 3 Aprili 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29941252 --> == Request for comment (global AI policy) == <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}} A [[:m:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|request for comment]] is currently being held to decide on a global AI policy. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 00:58, 26 Aprili 2026 (UTC) </bdi> (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Codename Noreste@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30424282 --> == Ombi la kuwezesha VisualEditor kwenye kurasa za mradi (Wikipedia Namespace) == Ndugu wanajumuia, Katika kuratibu na kuendesha miradi na kampeni mbalimbali za jamii yetu hapa Swahili Wikipedia (kama vile mashindano, warsha, dashboards, na kurasa za mradi kama `Wikipedia:Mradi wa...`), tumekuwa tukikumbana na changamoto ya kiufundi. Kwa sasa, mfumo wa usarifu wa picha (VisualEditor) haufanyi kazi kwenye maeneo haya ya kurasa za miradi (Project namespace), jambo linalotulazimu kutumia mfumo mgumu wa "Source Editor" (Wiki markup) hata kwa mambo madogo kama kutengeneza majedwali au muundo wa kurasa. Ili kurahisisha kazi kwa waratibu na wahariri wanaotengeneza kurasa hizi za kampeni, nimefungua tiketi kule Phabricator kuomba wataalamu wa Wikimedia Foundation watuwezeshe kutumia VisualEditor kwenye Project namespace ya swwiki. Wataalamu wa Phabricator wametujibu kuwa tayari wako tayari kufanya mabadiliko hayo, lakini kwa sheria za kiutaratibu, wanahitaji kuona Maridhiano ya Jumuia (Community Consensus) hapa uwanjani kwetu kwanza kabla hawajawasha mfumo huo. Wanatutanabahisha pia kuwa VisualEditor haikutengenezwa maalum kwa ajili ya kurasa za majadiliano, hivyo kunaweza kuwa na changamoto ndogo za mpangilio (kama indentations) tukiiitumia kwenye majadiliano ya miradi, jambo ambalo tunaona halitazuia ufanisi wa kazi kubwa ya kuratibu kurasa zenyewe za miradi. Tafadhali naomba kura zenu za Kuunga Mkono (Support) au maoni yenu hapa chini ili tukishapata ridhaa ya pamoja, nipeleke link ya mjadala huu Phabricator na mabadiliko haya yafanyike mara moja. Unaweza kuona tiketi hiyo Phabricator hapa: [[phab:T427117|⚓ T427117 Enable VisualEditor in the Project namespace for Swahili Wikipedia (swwiki)]] Pamoja tunajenga Wikipedia yetu! {{Strong support}}--[[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 09:07, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen|majadiliano]])''' 09:26, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}-- '''[[Mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|Husseyn Issa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|majadiliano]])''' 10:58, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) {{strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 14:16, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:ChriKo|ChriKo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ChriKo|majadiliano]])''' </br>{{Strong support}}-- '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 04:41, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}-- '''[[Mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|Hussein m mmbaga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|majadiliano]])''' 07:38, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' </br>{{Strong support}}--'''--'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 09:18, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC)''' ji4w4cryaf9jkkyn0atzqaqr8pt9mie Bibi Titi Mohammed 0 2687 1550206 1495284 2026-05-25T08:08:16Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550206 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox_Person | jina =Bibi Titi Mohamed | nchi =Tanzania | majina_mengine = | picha =Nyerere with Bibi Titi (cropped).jpg|thumb|Bibi Titi Mohamed. | ukubwawapicha = | maelezo_ya_picha = | jina_la_kuzaliwa = | tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa =1926 | mahala_pa_kuzaliwa =[[Dar es Salaam]] | tarehe_ya_kufariki =Novemba 5, 2000 | mahala_alipofia = | sababu_ya_kifariki = | anajulikana kwa = | kazi_yake = | cheo = | mshahara = | kipindi = | alitanguliwa_na = | akafuatiwa_na = | chama = [[TANU]] | bodi = | dini = | ndoa = | rafiki = | watoto = | mahusiano = | tovuti = | maelezo = | mwajiri = | urefu = | uzito = }} [[Faili:TANU group portrait.jpg|thumb|Waliosimama wa pili kushoto ni Ali Msham (Mwenyekiti wa Tawi la Magomeni Mapipa), wa nne ni Bi. Khadija biti Jaffar, wa tano Bi. Mtendwa biti Iddi Sudi, wa sita biti Feruzi, wa saba Mama Tindwa. Waliokaa wa kwanza ni Mzee Mwinjuma Mwinyikambi, wa tatu ni Bi. Titi Mohamed na pembeni ni mwanae.]] '''Bibi Titi Mohammed''' ([[1926]] - [[5 Novemba]] [[2000]]) alikuwa mmoja wa [[wanawake]] wa kwanza mzalendo kushika nafasi za ubunge na uwaziri nchini [[Tanzania]]. Pia alikuwa kati ya wanawake wa kwanza kujiunga na harakati za kupigania [[uhuru]] wa [[Tanganyika]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti| title = Bibi Titi Mohamed: "Mama wa Taifa" Tanzania {{!}} DW {{!}} 03.03.2020|url=https://www.dw.com/sw/bibi-titi-mohamed-mama-wa-taifa-tanzania/a-52574290|work=DW.COM|accessdate=2020-08-21|language=sw-TZ|author=Deutsche Welle (www.dw.com)}}</ref> Mwaka [[1969]] Bibi Titi Mohammed alikamatwa na [[mwaka]] uliofuata alifikishwa [[Mahakama|mahakamani]] kwa kosa la kula [[njama]] ya kutaka kupindua [[serikali]]. Katika [[kesi]] hiyo, Bibi Titi alikuwa ni mwanamke pekee katika washtakiwa 7. Baada ya kesi hiyo kusikilizwa alipatikana na hatia na kuhukumiwa [[kifungo cha maisha]]. Hata hivyo, mwaka [[1972]] alisamehewa na rais [[Julius Nyerere]]. Juu ya kutolewa kwake, Mohammed aliongoza [[maisha]] yake akiwa mpweke. [[Mume]] wake alimtelekeza wakati wa kesi, ushirika wake wa kisiasa ukanyang'anywa, na [[Rafiki|marafiki]] zake wengi wakamlaani.<ref name="GuardianTZBibiTiti">{{cite news|title=Remembering Bibi Titi Mohamed’s role in independence|url=https://www.ippmedia.com/en/features/remembering-bibi-titi-mohameds-role-independence|work=The Guardian (Tanzania)|access-date=22 February 2026}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka wa [[1991]], wakati [[Tanzania]] ikisherekea miaka 30 ya uhuru, Bibi Titi ameonekana kwenye [[maandishi]] ya [[chama tawala]] kama "Shujaa wa Kike Aliyepigania Uhuru".<ref name="BritannicaBibiTiti">{{cite web|title=Bibi Titi Mohamed|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Bibi-Titi-Mohamed|publisher=Encyclopaedia Britannica|access-date=22 February 2026}}</ref> [[Tarehe]] [[5 Novemba]] [[2000]] Mohammed alifariki kwenye [[hospitali]] ya Net Care Hospital [[Mji|mjini]] [[Johannesburg]] ambapo alikuwa akitibiwa.<ref>[http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/36/342.html Makala kuhusu kufa kwa Mpigania Uhuru Bi. Titi Mohammed]</ref><ref>https://www.bbc.com/swahili/habari-45967916</ref> Moja kati ya [[Barabara|mabarabara]] makubwa ya [[Jiji|jijini]] [[Dar es Salaam]] limepewa [[jina]] la Mohammed kwa [[heshima]] ya mafaniko makubwa aliyoyafanya wakati wa [[mbio]] za kutafuta uhuru wa Mtanzania.<ref name="UNESCOWomenTanzania">{{cite web|title=Women in African History: Bibi Titi Mohamed|url=https://en.unesco.org/womeninafrica/bibi-titi-mohamed|publisher=UNESCO|access-date=22 February 2026}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} == Viungo vya Nje == * http://www.gwsafrica.org/knowledge/bibi.html {{Wayback|url=http://www.gwsafrica.org/knowledge/bibi.html |date=20070724081227 }} * http://www.nationaudio.com/News/EastAfrican/081199/Features/PA3.html {{Wayback|url=http://www.nationaudio.com/News/EastAfrican/081199/Features/PA3.html |date=20061128145253 }} * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3ZvYJJDMWNs Mfahamu Bibi Titi Mohamedi mwanaharakati mwanamke asiyeogopa chochote/Waziri wa kwanza mnawamke] (YouTube) {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa-Tanzania}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bibi Titi Mohammed}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1926]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2000]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wanawake Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Watu kutoka Dar es Salaam]] fic5s99hrqcselt6o9dhb0h6p8na6h8 San Marino 0 2975 1549841 1546972 2026-05-24T14:56:57Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549841 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Jedwali la nchi | jina_rasmi = Jamhuri ya San Marino | jina_asili = Repubblica di San Marino (Kiitalia) | bendera = Flag of San Marino.svg | nembo = Coat of arms of San Marino.svg | kauli_mbiu = "Libertas" (Uhuru) | wimbo_wa_taifa = "Terra di Libertà" (Nchi ya Uhuru) </br>[[File:Inno Nazionale della Repubblica.ogg]] | ramani = San Marino Europe Location.svg | ramani2 = | maelezo_ramani = Eneo la San Marino katika Ulaya | maelezo_ramani2 = | mji_mkubwa = [[Dogana]] | mji_mkuu = [[San Marino (mji)]] | lugha_rasmi = [[Kiitalia]] | lugha2 = [[Kiromagnol]] (lahaja ya Sammarinese) | mwaka_dini = 2022 | dini = {{Plainlist| * 90.3% [[Ukatoliki]] * 7.5% [[Wasio na dini]] * 1.1% [[madhehebu]] mengine ya Kikristo * 0.46% [[Uislamu]] * 0.1% [[Uyahudi]] * 0.34% nyingine }} | uraia = Msammarinese | serikali = Jamhuri ya kibunge ya viongozi wawili | cheo_kiongozi1 = Makapteni Watawala | kiongozi1 = Alice Mina na Vladimiro Selva | cheo_kiongozi2 = Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje na Kisiasa | kiongozi2 = Luca Beccari | bunge = Grand and General Council | muundo_uhuru = Uhuru | tukio1 = Kutoka Dola la Roma | tukio1_tarehe = 3 Septemba 301 | tukio2 = Katiba | tukio2_tarehe = 8 Oktoba 1600 | eneo_jumla = 61.19 km² | maji = 0.0059% | watu_kadirio = 34,172 | mwaka_kadirio = 2026 | msongamano = 579 | mwaka_plt_ppp = 2024 | plt_ppp = $2.978 bilioni | plt_ppp_kwa_mtu = $86,989 | mwaka_plt = 2024 | plt = $2.034 bilioni | plt_kwa_mtu = $59,405 | hdi = 0.915 | mwaka_maendeleo = 2023 | cheo_maendeleo = 29 | gini = | mwaka_gini = | fedha = [[Euro]] (EUR) | majira_saa = CET (UTC+1) | tld = .sm | msimbo_simu = +378 }} '''San Marino''' ([[jina rasmi]]: '''Jamhuri ya Mtakatifu Marino'''; kwa [[Kiitalia]]: ''Repubblica di San Marino'') ni [[taifa]] dogo [[Ulaya ya Kusini|kusini mwa Ulaya]] lililozungukwa kabisa na [[jamhuri]] ya [[Italia]] katika [[Rasi ya Italia]]. <ref name="Britannica_San_Marino">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/San-Marino|title=San Marino: Geography, History, and Government |website=Britannica |date=April 12, 2026 |access-date=May 19, 2026 }} </ref> Kufikia mwaka 2024, lina wakazi wanaokadiriwa kuwa takriban 34,000, jambo linalolifanya kuwa mojawapo ya nchi zenye [[idadi]] ndogo zaidi ya watu [[duniani]]. [[Mji mkuu|Mji wake mkuu]] ni [[San Marino (mji)|San Marino]], huku makazi makubwa zaidi yakiwa [[Dogana]], na [[lugha rasmi]] ni [[Kiitalia]]. <ref name="WFB_San_Marino_Geo">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/san-marino/#geography |title=San Marino - World Factbook: Geography and People |website=cia.gov |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |date=April 2026 |access-date=May 19, 2026 |archive-date=2021-01-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112213547/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/san-marino/#geography |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nchi hiyo ina eneo la takriban [[Kilomita ya mraba|kilomita za mraba]] 61 tu lakini inajulikana kwa kuwa na moja ya [[Historia ya San Marino|historia ndefu zaidi zinazoendelea]] kati ya mataifa huru duniani na inaaminika kuwa ilianzishwa mwaka [[301 BK]] na [[Marino shemasi|Mtakatifu Marino]], mchonga mawe [[Ukristo|Mkristo]] kutoka [[kisiwa]] cha Kirumi cha Rab, ambaye alianzisha jamii ya [[kitawa]] katika [[Mlima Titano]] ili kukimbia [[Mateso ya Wakristo|mateso]] chini ya [[Dola la Roma]]. <ref name="Britannica_San_Marino_History">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/San-Marino/History |title=History of San Marino |website=Britannica |date=April 12, 2026 |access-date=May 19, 2026 }} </ref> Wakati wa [[Enzi za Kati]], makazi hayo yaliendelea hatua kwa hatua kuwa jumuiya huru na baadaye jamhuri yenye [[taasisi]] zake za utawala. Licha ya kuhusika na siasa ya [[Italia]] na migogoro kati ya mataifa yaliyolizunguka, San Marino iliweza kuhifadhi [[uhuru]] wake kupitia [[diplomasia]] na ushirikiano wa kimkakati. <ref name="BBC_San_Marino_Profile">{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-17842338 |title=San Marino country profile |website=BBC News |date=2024 |access-date=May 19, 2026 }} </ref> Nchi hiyo ilitoa hifadhi kwa watu kama [[Giuseppe Garibaldi]] wakati wa [[harakati]] za muungano wa Italia, na [[mamlaka]] yake ya kujitawala ilitambuliwa rasmi na [[ufalme wa Italia]] katika [[karne ya 19]]. San Marino ilibaki nchi isiyoegemea upande wowote wakati wa Vita vyote vya Dunia na inaendelea kufanya kazi kama mojawapo ya jamhuri kongwe zaidi zinazodumu duniani. <ref name="UNESCO_San_Marino">{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1245 |title=San Marino Historic Centre and Mount Titano |website=unesco.org |publisher=UNESCO |date=2024 |access-date=May 19, 2026 }} </ref> [[Uchumi]] wa San Marino umeendelea sana na unategemea zaidi sekta za [[huduma]], [[viwanda]], [[fedha]], na [[utalii]]. Huo ni muhimu sana kutokana na usanifu wa kihistoria wa nchi hiyo, [[ngome]] za enzi za kati, na hadhi yake kama dola dogo, jambo linalovutia [[milioni|mamilioni]] ya watalii kila mwaka, wengi wao kutoka Italia na nchi nyingine za [[Ulaya]]. <ref name="WFB_San_Marino_Econ">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/san-marino/#economy |title=San Marino - World Factbook: Economy |website=cia.gov |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |date=April 2026 |access-date=May 19, 2026 |archive-date=2021-01-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112213547/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/san-marino/#economy |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Viwanda]] vya [[uzalishaji]] vinajumuisha vigae vya kisanii, vifaa vya kielektroniki, nguo, divai, na kazi za mikono. Nchi hiyo hutumia [[euro]] kama [[sarafu]] yake kupitia makubaliano na [[Umoja wa Ulaya]], ingawa si mwanachama wake. <ref name="EU_San_Marino">{{cite web |url=https://www.eeas.europa.eu/san-marino/travel-and-study_en |title=EU Relations with San Marino |website=eeas.europa.eu |publisher=European External Action Service |date=2024 |access-date=May 19, 2026 }} </ref> San Marino ina mfumo wa [[serikali ya kibunge|jamhuri ya kidemokrasia ya uwakilishi wa bunge]] wenye taasisi za kisiasa za pekee. Wakuu wa nchi ni Makapteni Regent wawili, ambao huchaguliwa kila baada ya miezi sita na [[bunge]]. <ref name="San_Marino_Gov">{{cite web |url=https://www.consigliograndeegenerale.sm/on-line/home/funzioni/i-capitani-reggenti.html |title=The Captains Regent: Functions and Role |website=consigliograndeegenerale.sm |publisher=Grand and General Council of San Marino |date=2026 |access-date=May 19, 2026 }} </ref> Idadi kubwa ya watu huzungumza [[Kiitalia]] na kitamaduni wana uhusiano wa karibu na [[Italia]], ingawa San Marino inadumisha utambulisho wake wa kitaifa pamoja na taasisi zake tofauti za kisheria na kisiasa. Nchi hiyo pia hushiriki katika mashirika ya kimataifa kama [[Umoja wa Mataifa]], [[Baraza la Ulaya]], na taasisi nyingine za kimataifa. <ref name="WFB_San_Marino_Geo"/> ==Historia== San Marino inatajwa kuwa [[jamhuri]] yenye [[umri]] mkubwa kuliko zote duniani. Ilianzishwa na [[Wakristo]] waliokimbia [[dhuluma]] ya [[Kaisari]] wa [[Roma]] [[Diokletiano]] wakitafuta kimbilio [[mlima|mlimani]]. Kati yao, [[shemasi]] [[Marino shemasi|Marino]] na [[padri]] [[Leo]] ndio maarufu zaidi. Tangu hapo imefaulu kudumisha [[uhuru]] wake. Ndiyo sababu tangu mwaka [[2008]] imeorodheshwa na [[UNESCO]] kati ya mahali pa [[Urithi wa Dunia]]. == Demografia == Kufikia mwaka 2026, taifa hili dogo lina wakazi takriban 34,172.<ref name="GovStats">{{cite web |title=San Marino Population |publisher=Ufficio Informatica, Tecnologie e Statistica |url=https://www.statistica.sm |access-date=2026-05-19}}</ref> === Kabila === San Marino ina idadi ya watu yenye ufanano mkubwa wa kikabila ikiwa imezungukwa kabisa na [[Italia]]. Raia wa asili ya San Marino wanaunda idadi kubwa ya wakazi, wakiwa takriban 85% ya jumla ya watu. Asilimia iliyobaki ya 15% inajumuisha hasa raia wa [[Italia]] waliohamia ndani ya nchi hiyo kwa kazi au familia, pamoja na makundi madogo sana ya wahamiaji kutoka nchi nyingine za [[Ulaya]] .<ref name="GovStats" /> === Lugha === [[Kiitalia]] ni [[lugha rasmi]] ya San Marino na inazungumzwa na wakazi wote. Hutumika katika shughuli zote za serikali, [[vyombo vya habari]], na taasisi za elimu.<ref name="CIA">{{cite web |title=San Marino - The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/san-marino/ |access-date=2026-05-19 |archive-date=2021-01-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112213547/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/san-marino/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Zaidi ya hayo, sehemu kubwa ya watu bado huzungumza Kisammarinese, [[lahaja]] ya kikanda inayotokana na tawi la lugha la [[Emilia-Romagna]].<ref name="CIA" /> === Dini === ==== Ukatoliki ==== [[Ukatoliki]] ndio dini kuu nchini San Marino, ukifuatwa na zaidi ya 90% ya watu. Dini hiyo imekuwa na mchango mkubwa katika urithi wa kitamaduni wa taifa, sikukuu za kitaifa, na usanifu wa kihistoria. Ingawa Ukatoliki si [[dini rasmi]] ya taifa kisheria, [[Kanisa Katoliki]] lina uhusiano wa karibu sana wa kihistoria na serikali.<ref name="StateDept">{{cite report |title=2024 Report on International Religious Freedom: San Marino |publisher=United States Department of State |url=https://www.state.gov |access-date=2026-05-19}}</ref> ==== Makundi madogo ==== Katika miaka ya hivi karibuni, mtazamo wa kutoegemea dini moja umeongezeka ndani ya jamhuri; takriban 7% ya watu hujitambulisha kama [[wasio na dini]] au [[Ukanamungu|wasioamini Mungu]]. Kundi lililobaki linajumuisha makundi madogo ya [[Wakristo]] wa [[Kiorthodoksi]], [[Mashahidi wa Yehova]], na [[Baha'i|Wabaha’i]].<ref name="StateDept" /> == Siasa == San Marino imetunza utaratibu wa [[serikali]] inayofanana na muundo wa [[jamhuri ya Roma]] ya kale. Serikali inaongozwa na watawala wawili ("Capitani Reggenti") wanaochaguliwa kwa muda wa miezi sita tu kama zamani [[konsuli]] wa Kiroma. Bunge linaitwa Halmashauri Kuu ("Consiglio Grande e Generale") likichaguliwa kila baada ya miaka mitano. Halmashauri inateua pia kamati ya watu 12 ("Consiglio dei XII") inayotekeleza kazi ya [[mahakama]]. Wananchi wote hukutana mara mbili kwa mwaka kama mkutano mkubwa wa "Arengo" wakiamua juu ya matamko na mapendekezo kwa serikali. == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{Mbegu-jio-Ulaya}} [[Jamii:San Marino|*]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Nchi ndogo sana]] [[Jamii:Urithi wa Dunia]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] qjsvvx1pp8baqj9or3g1om8zffzgiuf Ureno 0 3712 1550046 1543560 2026-05-24T21:48:07Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550046 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Jedwali la nchi | jina_rasmi = Jamhuri ya Ureno | jina_asili = ''República Portuguesa'' (Kireno)<br>''República Pertuesa'' (Kimirandese) | bendera = Flag of Portugal.svg | nembo = Coat of arms of Portugal.svg | kaulimbiu = | wimbo = ''A Portuguesa'' ("Mreno") | ramani = Portugal (orthographic projection).svg | mji_mkubwa_na_mkuu = [[Lisbon]] | lugha_rasmi = [[Kireno]] | lugha_taifa = Kimirandese, Lugha ya Alama ya Kireno | kiongozi1 = [[Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa]] | kiongozi2 = [[Luís Montenegro]] | cheo_kiongozi1 = [[Rais]] | cheo_kiongozi2 = [[Waziri Mkuu]] | muundo_uhuru = '''Historia ya kuundwa''' | tukio1 = Uhuru wa mkoa | tukio2 = Mkataba wa Zamora | tukio3 = Jamhuri yatangazwa | tukio1_tarehe = 24 Juni 1128 | tukio2_tarehe = 5 Oktoba 1143 | tukio3_tarehe = 5 Oktoba 1910 | eneo_jumla = 92,230 | cheo_eneo = 109 | maji = 1.2% | ardhi = | watu_kadirio = 10,639,726 | mwaka_kadirio = 2023 | msongamano = 115.4 | pato_ppp = {{increase}} $536.096 bilioni | pato_ppp_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $50,037 | cheo_plt_kawaida_kwa_mtu = 41 | plt = {{increase}} $321.440 bilioni | mwaka_pato = 2025 | pato_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $30,002 | cheo_plt_kawaida = 45 | cheo_plt_kawaida_kwa_mtu = 40 | mwaka_maendeleo = 2023 | maendeleo = {{increase}} 0.890 </br>- {{juu}} | gini = 31.9 | mwaka_gini = 2024 | fedha =[[Euro]] (€) (EUR) | majira_saa = −1 (Azores)<br>Majira ya joto: UTC+1 (WEST) | udereva = Kulia | msimbo_simu = 351 | tld = .pt }} '''Ureno''', rasmi '''Jamhuri ya Ureno''' (kwa [[Kireno]]: ''República Portuguesa'') ni [[nchi]] ya kusini-magharibi mwa [[Ulaya]] inayopatikana katika [[Rasi ya Iberia]]. Inapakana na [[Uhispania]] upande wa [[mashariki]] na [[kaskazini]], na imezungukwa na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] upande wa [[magharibi]] na [[kusini]]. Nchi hii inajumuisha pia maeneo ya ng’ambo ya [[Madeira]] na [[Azores]] katika [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]]. Ureno ina eneo la takriban kilomita za mraba 92,230, na idadi ya watu inayozidi milioni 10, ikiwa ya 88 kwa idadi ya watu duniani. [[Mji mkuu]] na mji mkubwa zaidi ni [[Lisbon]]. Ureno ni [[jamhuri]] ya [[siasa|kisiasa]] inayofuata mfumo wa [[serikali]] ya nusu-rais na ina bunge linaloitwa Bunge la Jamhuri (Assembleia da República). Lugha rasmi ni [[Kireno]], na fedha inayotumika ni [[Euro]] (€). Nchi hii pia ni mwanachama wa [[Umoja wa Ulaya]], Jumuiya ya Nchi zinazozungumza Kireno (CPLP), [[Umoja wa Mataifa]], na [[NATO]]. Ureno ina [[Ureno#Historia|historia ndefu na lenye ushawishi]] lililoundwa na makazi ya awali ya Waselti na [[Warumi]], ikifuatiwa na utawala wa Visigoth na Wamoor katika sehemu za [[Rasi ya Iberia]]. <ref name="Britannica_Portugal_History">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Portugal/History |author=Douglas L. Wheeler |title=History of Portugal |website=Britannica |date=April 20, 2026 |access-date=May 13, 2026 }} </ref> Ufalme wa Ureno ulianzishwa katika [[karne ya 12]], na kuwa moja ya mataifa ya mwanzo kabisa barani [[Ulaya]]. Wakati wa Enzi ya Uvumbuzi katika [[karne ya 15]] na [[Karne ya 16|16]], Ureno ilijenga himaya kubwa ya baharini, ikianzisha makoloni na vituo vya biashara barani [[Afrika]], [[Asia]], na [[Amerika Kusini]]. Ushawishi wake wa kimataifa ulipungua kwa muda, lakini uliendelea kuwa nguvu ya kikoloni hadi katikati ya [[karne ya 20]]. ''Mapinduzi ya Carnation'' ya mwaka 1974 yalimaliza utawala wa kiimla na kuanzisha mfumo wa kidemokrasia. <ref name="BBC_Portugal_Profile">{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-17726672 |title=Portugal country profile |website=BBC News |date=2024 |access-date=May 13, 2026 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> [[Ureno#Uchumi|Uchumi wa Ureno]] ni uliostawi na uliotofautishwa, ukiwa na mchango mkubwa kutoka sekta ya [[huduma]], [[viwanda]], [[kilimo]], na [[utalii]]. [[Utalii]] ni sekta muhimu, ikisaidiwa na miji ya kihistoria, fukwe za pwani, na maeneo ya urithi wa kitamaduni. [[Viwanda]] vinajumuisha nguo, viatu, magari, uzalishaji wa cork, vifaa vya elektroniki, na usindikaji wa vyakula, huku Ureno ikiwa mojawapo ya wauzaji wakubwa wa cork duniani. <ref name="WFB_Portugal_Econ">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/portugal/#economy |title=Portugal - World Factbook: Economy |website=cia.gov |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |date=April 2026 |access-date=May 13, 2026 |archive-date=2021-01-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109122645/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/portugal#economy |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Kilimo]] bado kina mchango mdogo katika [[Pato la taifa]] lakini kinajumuisha mvinyo, zeituni, matunda, na uvuvi. Nchi ni sehemu ya [[Umoja wa Ulaya]] na hutumia [[euro]] kama sarafu yake. <ref name="OECD_Portugal_Econ">{{cite web |url=https://www.oecd.org/en/countries/portugal.html |title=OECD Economic Outlook: Portugal |website=oecd.org |publisher=OECD |date=2024 |access-date=May 13, 2026 }} </ref> [[Ureno#Jiografia|Kijiografia]], Ureno iko katika ukingo wa magharibi wa [[Rasi ya Iberia]] na ina [[tambarare]] za pwani, mabonde ya mito, na maeneo ya milima ya ndani. Mito mikuu kama [[Mto Tagus]], [[Mto Douro]], na [[Mto Guadiana]] huathiri makazi na kilimo. <ref name="Britannica_Portugal_Land">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Portugal/The-land |title=Portugal: The Land |website=Britannica |date=2024 |access-date=May 13, 2026 }} </ref> [[Hali ya hewa]] yake ni ya Mediterania kwa kiasi kikubwa, ikiwa na majira ya baridi ya wastani na mvua na majira ya joto ya joto na ukame, ingawa maeneo ya kaskazini ni baridi na yenye mvua zaidi. [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] huathiri sana hali ya hewa, na nchi pia inajumuisha visiwa vya volkeno vya [[Azores]] na [[Madeira]]. <ref name="WFB_Portugal_Geo">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/portugal/#geography |title=Portugal - World Factbook: Geography |website=cia.gov |date=2026 |access-date=May 13, 2026 |archive-date=2021-01-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109122645/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/portugal#geography |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kisiasa, Ureno ni jamhuri ya [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] yenye mfumo wa nusu-urais. [[Rais]] ni mkuu wa nchi, wakati [[Waziri Mkuu]] ni mkuu wa serikali na anaongoza tawi la utendaji. Mamlaka ya kutunga sheria iko katika Bunge la Jamhuri (Assembly of the Republic), ambalo ni bunge la chumba kimoja. Nchi ina [[mfumo wa vyama vingi]], na uchaguzi hufanyika mara kwa mara pamoja na taasisi imara za kidemokrasia. Ureno pia ni mwanachama wa mashirika ya kimataifa kama [[Umoja wa Ulaya]], [[NATO]], na [[Umoja wa Mataifa]]. <ref name="Portugal_Gov_Portal">{{cite web |url=https://www.portugal.gov.pt/en/gc23/government/how-it-works |title=How the Government Works |website=portugal.gov.pt |publisher=Government of Portugal |date=2024 |access-date=May 13, 2026 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> [[Ureno#Demografia|Kidemografia]], Ureno ina zaidi ya watu milioni 10, ambapo wengi wanaishi mijini kandokando ya pwani, hasa [[Lisbon]] na [[Porto]]. <ref name="UN_Portugal_Data">{{cite web |url=https://data.un.org/en/iso/pt.html |title=United Nations Country Profile: Portugal |website=un.org |publisher=United Nations Statistics Division |date=2024 |access-date=May 13, 2026 }} </ref> [[Lugha rasmi]] ni [[Kireno]], na idadi kubwa ya watu ni wa jamii moja kwa kiasi kikubwa, ingawa uhamiaji umeongezeka katika miaka ya hivi karibuni. Nchi ina idadi ya watu wanaozeeka na viwango vya chini vya uzazi, hali ambayo imeathiri sera za kijamii na kiuchumi. Utamaduni wa Ureno umeathiriwa sana na historia yake, utamaduni wa baharini, na jamii za diaspora duniani. <ref name="Britannica_Portugal_People">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Portugal/People |title=Portugal: The People |website=Britannica |date=2024 |access-date=May 13, 2026 }} </ref> == Jina == [[Jina]] la nchi katika [[Kiswahili]] limetokana na [[neno]] la Kireno "''o reino''" linalomaanisha "[[ufalme]]". Wasafiri na [[wapelelezi]] Wareno kama [[Vasco da Gama]] walijitambulisha kama wawakilishi wa "''Reino de Portugal''" (ufalme wa Ureno). Ni sehemu ya kwanza tu iliyoingia katika [[lugha]] ya Kiswahili. == Jiografia == [[File:Central Offshore Windfloat Atlantic - Portugal (53426345383).jpg|thumb|right|[[Jenereta la upepo|Majenereta ya upepo]] baharini huku pwani ya Ureno]] [[Umbo]] la Ureno ni kanda lenye [[upana]] wa [[kilomita]] 150 na [[urefu]] wa [[kilomita]] 475 upande wa magharibi wa [[Rasi ya Iberia]]. Mpaka na Hispania una [[urefu]] wa [[km]] 1,214 na [[pwani]] ya Atlantiki huwa na km 1,793. Kuna sehemu mbili tofauti; hizi ni nchi upande wa kaskazini kwa [[mto Tejo]] na sehemu ya kusini. Kaskazini ina [[milima]] mingi ikiwa na [[tambarare]] katikati inayofaa kwa [[kilimo]]. Kusini kwa jumla ni tambarare pamoja na vilimavilima. [[Hali ya hewa]] ya kaskazini ni [[baridi]] kiasi na kuna [[mvua]] nyingi lakini kusini ni [[joto]] na pakavu. [[Mlima]] mkubwa ni [[Torre]] wenye [[kimo]] cha [[mita]] 1,993. [[Mito]] muhimu ni Tejo, Douro (kwa [[Kihispania]] [[Duero]]) na [[Mondego]] ambayo ni mto mrefu uliopo ndani ya Ureno pekee wakati mito mingi ina [[chanzo]] katika Hispania. Bonde la Tejo ni [[kitovu]] muhimu cha kilimo. Kusini iko eneo la [[Algarve]] lililokuwa lengo la [[watalii]] wengi kutoka pande zote za Ulaya. Ureno una pia mafunguvisiwa mawili katika Atlantiki mbali na [[bara]]; hayo ni [[Madeira]] na [[Azori]]. Visiwa hivi ni sehemu ya [[Mgongo kati wa Atlantiki]] viko karibu zaidi na Afrika kuliko Ureno bara. Mlima mrefu kabisa wa Ureno ni [[Ponta do Pico]] kwenye Azori. == Historia == ===Historia ya kale=== Katika [[karne]] za [[KK]] Ureno ilikaliwa na ma[[kabila]] yaleyale ya [[Wakelti]] kama Hispania. Waroma walitaja eneo lote la Ureno na Hispania ya leo kwa jina la "[[Iberia]]". Tangu mwaka [[450 KK]] sehemu za nchi zilitawaliwa na [[Wafinisia]] wa [[Karthago]], na baada ya mwaka [[200 KK]] yote ikawa sehemu ya [[Dola la Roma]]. Baada ya kuporomoka ya Dola hilo mnamo [[470]] [[BK]] makabila ya [[wahamiaji]] wa [[Kigermanik]] walikuwa mabwana wa eneo lote. Tangu mwaka [[711]] [[Waarabu]] walivamia nchi na kuitawala. [[Vita]] vya kuwaondoa tena viliendelea kwa karne kadhaa. ===Uhuru=== Tangu mwaka [[1143]] [[mtawala]] wa eneo la mji wa [[Kale (mji)|Kale]] katika kaskazini alikuwa na uwezo wa kutosha kujitetea dhidi ya Waarabu na pia dhidi ya majirani wa eneo la Kihispania. Baada ya [[ushindi]] katika vita dhidi ya Wahispania mwaka [[1128]] Afonso I alijitangaza kuwa mtawala wa kujitegemea na baadaye alichukua cheo cha [[mfalme]]. Alitumia jina la mji Kale iliyojulikana kama "Porto Kale" (bandari ya mji wa Kale) iliyokuwa "Portokale" na baadaye "Portogale". Nchi hii ndogo ilifaulu kutunza [[uhuru]] wake hata baada ya maeneo yote mengine ya jirani kuunganishwa katika ufalme mpya wa Hispania. Nchi hii ndogo ilikuwa kati ya nchi muhimu zaidi [[dunia]]ni kwa karne mbili za [[karne ya 15|15]] na [[karne ya 16|16]]. Wafalme wake walilenga [[jitihada]] na [[nguvu]] za nchi kwa [[teknolojia]] za [[usafiri baharini]]. Wareno waliweza kuboresha [[jahazi]] zao hadi kupita nchi zote za dunia na kwa muda wakafaulu kwenda mbali. Wareno waligundua njia ya kuvuka [[rasi]] ya [[Afrika Kusini]] na kufika kwenye bandari za [[Afrika ya Mashariki]] hata [[Bara Hindi]]. Ureno ilitajirika kutokana na [[biashara]] kati ya [[India]], [[Asia]] na Ulaya. Wareno walijenga vituo kama vile ma[[boma]] ya [[Msumbiji (kisiwa)|Msumbiji]] na [[Mombasa]] ([[Kenya]]) wakiwa mabwana wa pwani ya [[Afrika ya Mashariki]]. Lakini nguvu za nchi ndogo hazikuweza kutetea haya yote. Baada ya kujitokeza kwa mataifa mengine kama vile [[Uturuki]], [[Uholanzi]], [[Uingereza]] na [[Ufaransa]], Wareno walipaswa kuwaachia maeneo mengi. Kati ya [[makoloni ya Ureno]] yalibaki hasa [[Msumbiji]], [[Angola]], [[Guinea Bisau]], [[Cabo Verde]], [[São Tomé na Príncipe]] katika [[Afrika]], [[Brazil]] katika [[Amerika ya Kusini]] (hadi [[1822]]) pamoja na maeneo madogomadogo kama [[Goa]] kwenye [[Bara Hindi]], [[Timor ya Mashariki]] katika funguvisiwa ya [[Indonesia]], mji wa [[Makao]] katika [[Uchina]]. ===Jamhuri=== Mwaka [[1910]] Ureno iliona [[mapinduzi]] ikawa [[jamhuri]]. Tangu [[1926]] hadi [[1974]] ilikuwa na serikali za ki[[dikteta]]. Baada ya mapinduzi ya 1974 Ureno iliacha makoloni yake yaliyobaki isipokuwa [[Makao]] kwa sababu [[Uchina]] haukuwa tayari kuipokea hadi [[1999]]. Ureno ikajiunga na [[Umoja wa Ulaya]] mwaka [[1986]] ikaona tena [[maendeleo]] ya ki[[uchumi]] na ki[[jamii]]. ==Demografia== === Lugha === [[Lugha rasmi]] na ya kawaida ni Kireno, ambayo ni kati ya [[lugha za Kirumi]]. === Dini === Wananchi wengi ni [[Wakristo]], hasa [[Wakatoliki]] (81%). 3.3% ni [[Waprotestanti]]. 6.8% hawana [[dini]] yoyote. == Tazama pia == * [[Orodha ya miji ya Ureno]] * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] ==Viungo vya nje== * [http://portuguese-american-journal.com/?s=portugal&x=0&y=0 News about Portugal] from the Portuguese American Journal * {{CIA_World_Factbook link|po|Portugal}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080727024243/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/portugal.htm Portugal] at ''UCB Libraries GovPubs'' * {{dmoz|Regional/Europe/Portugal}} * [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-17758217 Portugal profile] from the [[BBC News]] * [http://www.theportugalnews.com/ National English language newspaper] * {{Wikiatlas|Portugal}} * [http://www.winesofportugal.info/?market=2 National Wine Website] * [https://www.loc.gov/rr/rarebook/coll/portpam.html Portuguese Pamphlets Collection] From the [https://www.loc.gov/rr/rarebook/ Rare Book and Special Collections Division at the Library of Congress] ; Serikali * [http://www.portugal.gov.pt/en.aspx Official Portuguese Government website] {{en icon}} / {{pt icon}} * [http://www.en.parlamento.pt/ Official Parliament website] ; Biashara * [http://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/Country/PRT/Year/2012/Summary World Bank Summary Trade Statistics Portugal] ; Utalii * [https://www.visitportugal.com/en Official Travel and Tourism office website] * [http://www.turismodeportugal.pt/english/TurismodeportugalIP/Pages/TurismodePortugalIP.aspx Official Portuguese Government Travel/media website] {{Wayback|url=http://www.turismodeportugal.pt/english/TurismodeportugalIP/Pages/TurismodePortugalIP.aspx |date=20170724142744 }} * [http://www.portugalgolfbooking.com/ Official Portuguese Golf Travel/media website] {{Commons category|Portugal}} {{Coord|38|42|N|9|11|W|type:country|display=title}} {{Umoja wa Ulaya}} {{Ulaya}} {{CPLP}} {{Mbegu-jio-Ureno}} [[Jamii:Ureno| ]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Umoja wa Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Mkataba wa Schengen]] [[Jamii:Umoja wa Forodha wa Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Nchi zinazotumia Kireno]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] ggoklnm6lp2u61ign0tdcxdf1shtqwz Ugiriki 0 6754 1550033 1544115 2026-05-24T21:09:18Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550033 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Jedwali la nchi |jina_asili = <span style="line-height:1.33em;"> Ελληνική Δημοκρατία<br />''Ellinikí Dimokratía''</span> |conventional_long_name = <span style="line-height:1.33em;">Demokrasia ya Ugiriki</span> |common_name = Greece |bendera = Flag of Greece.svg |nembo = Coat_of_arms_of_Greece.svg |symbol_type = Nembo |ramani = EU-Greece (orthographic projection).svg |kauli_mbiu = Ελευθερία ή Θάνατος <br />(Eleftheria i thanatos - "Uhuru au mauti") |wimbo = Ύμνος εις την Ελευθερίαν - "Wimbo la Uhuru" |lugha_rasmi = [[Kigiriki]] |mji_mkubwa_na_mkuu = [[Athens]] |latd=38| latm=00| latNS=N| longd=23| longm=43| longEW=E |serikali = [[Jamhuri]] |vyeo_viongozi = [[Rais wa Ugiriki|Rais]]<br />[[Waziri Mkuu wa Ugiriki|Waziri Mkuu]] |viongozi = [[Katerina Sakellaropoulou]] (Κατερίνα Σακελλαροπούλου)<br /> [[Kyriakos Mitsotakis]] (Κυριάκος Μητσοτάκης) |accessionEUdate = [[1 Januari]] [[1981]] |area_rank = ya 95 |area_magnitude = 1 E11 |eneo_jumla = 131,957 |areami² = 50,944 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> |asilimia_maji = 1.51 |watu_kadirio = 10,678,632 |cheo_kadirio = 85 |mwaka_kadirio= 2021 |watu_sensa = 10,816,286 |mwaka_sensa = 2012 |msongamano = 77 |population_densitymi² = 212 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> |cheo_msongamano = ya 120 |plt_ppp = {{increase}} $467.59 billioni <!--IMF--> |cheo_plt_ppp = 54 |mwaka_plt_ppp = 2025 |plt_ppp_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $23,518 |cheo_plt_ppp_kwa_mtu = 30 |mwaka_plt = 2025 |plt = {{increase}} $267.35 bilion |plt_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $25,756 |muundo_uhuru = Uhuru kutoka [[Milki ya Osmani]] |tukio1 = Ilitangazwa |tukio2 =Ilitambuliwa |tukio1_tarehe = [[25 Machi]] [[1821]] |tukio2_tarehe= 1829 |hdi = {{increase}} 0.908 </br> - {{juu sana}} |cheo = 34 |mwaka_hdi = 2023 |sarafu = [[Euro]] ([[Euro sign|€]])<sup>2</sup> |majira_saa = +2 [[Eastern European Time|EET]] |time_zone_DST = [[EEST]] |utc_offset_DST = +3 |tld = [[.gr]] |msimbo_simu = 30 }} '''Ugiriki''', pia '''Uyunani''' (kwa [[Kigiriki]] cha kisasa: Ελλάδα, Ellada, au Ελλάς, Ellas), rasmi kama '''Jamhuri ya Hellena''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko Kusini-Mashariki mwa [[Ulaya]], ikipakana na [[Albania]] kaskazini-magharibi, [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] na [[Bulgaria]] kaskazini, na [[Uturuki]] mashariki. Kwa upande wa kusini na magharibi, imezungukwa na [[Bahari ya Mediterania]], [[Bahari ya Aegean]], na [[Bahari ya Ionia]]. Ina idadi ya watu takriban milioni 10.4, ikiwa ya 87 duniani. Mji wake mkuu na mkubwa zaidi ni [[Athens]]. Ugiriki imegawanyika katika [[jimbo|majimbo]] 13 ya kiutawala. Inajulikana kwa [[historia]] yake ndefu ya [[ustaarabu]] wa kale, hasa Dola ya Kigiriki na michango yake katika [[demokrasia]], [[falsafa]], na [[sanaa]]. Pia ni mwanachama wa [[Umoja wa Ulaya]] na [[NATO]]. Ugiriki ina moja ya [[Historia ya Ugiriki|historia za kale zaidi]] zilizorekodiwa barani [[Ulaya]] na hutambuliwa sana kama chimbuko la [[ustaarabu]] wa Magharibi. [[Mji-dola|Miji-dola]] ya kale ya [[Kigiriki]] kama [[Athene]] na [[Sparta]] ilichukua nafasi kubwa katika maendeleo ya [[demokrasia]], [[falsafa]], [[fasihi]], [[hisabati]], na mawazo ya kisiasa. <ref name="Britannica_Greece_History">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Greece/History |author=Richard Clogg |title=History of Greece |website=Britannica |date=April 10, 2026 |access-date=May 15, 2026 }} </ref> Baada ya vipindi vya utawala wa [[Warumi]], [[Wabisanti]], na Waothmania, taifa la kisasa la Ugiriki liliibuka katika [[karne ya 19]] baada ya Vita vya Uhuru vya Ugiriki dhidi ya [[Dola ya Ottoman]]. Baadaye Ugiriki ilipanuka kieneo na kuwa jamhuri baada ya vipindi vya ufalme, vita, na mabadiliko ya kisiasa katika [[karne ya 20]]. <ref name="BBC_Greece_Profile">{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-17373241 |title=Greece country profile |website=BBC News |date=2024 |access-date=May 15, 2026 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> [[Ugiriki#Uchumi|Uchumi wa Ugiriki]] umeainishwa kama uchumi mchanganyiko uliostawi na unategemea sana [[huduma]], [[utalii]], usafirishaji wa baharini, na biashara. <ref name="OECD_Greece_Econ">{{cite web |url=https://www.oecd.org/en/countries/greece.html |title=OECD Economic Outlook: Greece |website=oecd.org |publisher=OECD |date=2024 |access-date=May 15, 2026 }} </ref> [[Utalii]] ni moja ya sekta muhimu zaidi za uchumi wa nchi hiyo, ukiungwa mkono na maeneo ya kihistoria, visiwa vya [[Mediterania]], na maeneo ya mapumziko ya pwani yanayovutia mamilioni ya watalii wa kimataifa kila mwaka. Ugiriki pia ina moja ya meli kubwa zaidi za biashara duniani, jambo linalofanya usafiri wa baharini kuwa mchangiaji mkubwa wa uchumi wa taifa. <ref name="WFB_Greece_Econ">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/greece/#economy |title=Greece - World Factbook: Economy |website=cia.gov |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |date=April 2026 |access-date=May 15, 2026 |archive-date=2021-01-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109063832/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/greece/#economy |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Kilimo]] bado kina umuhimu katika baadhi ya maeneo, huku bidhaa kama zeituni, mafuta ya zeituni, zabibu, matunda ya machungwa, na bidhaa za uvuvi zikichangia mauzo ya nje. Utamaduni wa Kigiriki umeathiri sana [[ustaarabu]] wa dunia kupitia mchango wake katika [[falsafa]], tamthilia, usanifu, [[sayansi]], na sanaa. <ref name="UNESCO_Greece_Culture">{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/gr |title=Greece: Properties inscribed on the World Heritage List |website=unesco.org |publisher=UNESCO |date=2024 |access-date=May 15, 2026 }} </ref> Lugha ya [[Kigiriki]] ina moja ya historia ndefu zaidi zilizorekodiwa barani [[Ulaya]] na inaendelea kuwa sehemu muhimu ya utambulisho wa taifa. Idadi kubwa ya watu ni [[Wagiriki]] wa kikabila na wengi wao wanafuata [[Ukristo]] wa Kiorthodoksi wa Mashariki, ambao kihistoria umeathiri mila za kijamii na maisha ya umma. <ref name="WFB_Greece_People">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/greece/#people-and-society |title=Greece - World Factbook: People and Society |website=cia.gov |date=2026 |access-date=May 15, 2026 |archive-date=2021-01-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109063832/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/greece/#people-and-society |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ugiriki ya kisasa inaunganisha urithi wa kale wa kitamaduni na ushawishi wa kisasa wa [[Ulaya]], hasa kupitia ushirikiano wake ndani ya [[Umoja wa Ulaya]]. ==Jiografia== Kijiografia huwa na sehemu za Ugiriki bara, [[rasi ya Peloponesi]] upande wa kusini inayounganishwa kwa [[shingo ya nchi]] nyembamba, halafu [[Kisiwa|visiwa]] vingi upande wa [[Bahari ya Aegean]], [[Bahari ya Adria]] na kwenye [[Bahari ya Mediteranea|Mediteranea]] yenyewe. Visiwa vikubwa zaidi ni [[Kreta]], [[Euboea]], [[Lesbo]] na [[Rhodos]]. ==Historia== [[File:The Parthenon in Athens.jpg|thumb|left|[[Parthenon]], katika [[Akropoli]] ya [[Athens]], ni kielelezo cha [[Ugiriki ya Kale|Ugiriki wa Kale]].]] Ugiriki ni nchi yenye [[historia]] ndefu na maarufu sana, hata inaitwa "nchi mama ya Ulaya" na [[kitovu]] cha [[Ustaarabu wa magharibi]], kwa sababu ndipo vilipoanza [[demokrasia]], [[falsafa]] ya magharibi, [[fasihi]] ya magharibi, [[historiografia]], [[sayansi ya siasa]], tafiti za [[sayansi]] na [[hisabati]], [[tamthilia]] na [[michezo]] ya [[Michezo ya Olimpiki|Olimpiki]]. Ugiriki ni nchi mwanachama wa [[Umoja wa Ulaya]] tangu [[1981]]. ==Demografia== === Lugha === [[Lugha]] ya [[Kigiriki]] inaendelea kuandikwa kwa [[Alfabeti ya Kigiriki]] inayotumiwa tangu miaka 3000 iliyopita, lakini lugha yenyewe imebadilika. Wagiriki wa leo hawaelewi tena [[Kigiriki cha Kale]] moja kwa moja. === Dini === Wakazi wengi wanafuata [[dini]] ya [[Ukristo]] (93%), hasa katika [[Kanisa la Kiorthodoksi la Kigiriki]] (90%), halafu [[Uprotestanti|Waprotestanti]] na [[Kanisa Katoliki|Wakatoliki]]. 2% ni [[Waislamu]]. ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] ==Marejeo== {{refbegin|30em}} * "Minorities in Greece&nbsp;– Historical Issues and New Perspectives". ''History and Culture of South Eastern Europe''. An Annual Journal. München (Slavica) 2003. *{{cite book | title = The Constitution of Greece | url = http://www.hellenicparliament.gr/UserFiles/f3c70a23-7696-49db-9148-f24dce6a27c8/001-156%20aggliko.pdf |access-date=21 March 2011 |year=2008 | publisher = [[Hellenic Parliament]] |location=Athens|isbn= 978-960-560-073-0| others = Paparrigopoulos, Xenophon; Vassilouni, Stavroula (translators)}} *{{Rejea kitabu | last = Clogg | first = Richard | title = A Concise History of Greece | pages = 10–37 | publisher = Cambridge University Press | year = 1992 | edition = 1st | isbn = 978-0-521-37228-2 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=H5pyUIY4THYC&q=richard%20clogg%20greece | access-date = 23 March 2016}}, 257 pp. *{{Rejea kitabu | author-link = Richard Clogg| last = Clogg | first = Richard | title= A Concise History of Greece | url = https://archive.org/details/concisehistoryof00clog_0| edition = 2nd |location= Cambridge | publisher= [[Cambridge University Press]]| orig-year = 1992 | year= 2002 | isbn = 978-0-521-00479-4}}. *{{cite book | last =Dagtoglou | first = PD | title = Constitutional Law&nbsp;– Individual Rights | volume = I | year = 1991 |publisher=Ant. N. Sakkoulas |location=Athens-Komotini |language=el |chapter=Protection of Individual Rights}} *{{Rejea kitabu | first = John Van Antwerp | last = Fine | title = The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century | publisher = University of Michigan Press | year = 1991 | isbn = 978-0-472-08149-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y0NBxG9Id58C | access-date=23 March 2016}}, 376 pp. * {{cite book|last=Hatzopoulos|first=Marios|title=The making of Modern Greece: Nationalism, Romanticism, and the Uses of the Past (1797–1896)|chapter=From resurrection to insurrection: 'sacred' myths, motifs, and symbols in the Greek War of Independence|year=2009|publisher=Ashgate|editor1-first=Roderick|editor1-last=Beaton|editor2-first=David|editor2-last=Ricks|pages=81–93|chapter-url=https://www.academia.edu/985519}} *{{Rejea kitabu | last = Kalaitzidis | first = Akis | year = 2010 | title = Europe's Greece: A Giant in the Making | url = https://archive.org/details/europesgreecegia0000kala | publisher = [[Palgrave Macmillan]]}}, 219 pp. The impact of European Union membership on Greek politics, economics, and society. *{{cite book|last1=Koliopoulos|first1=John S.|last2=Veremis|first2=Thanos M.|title=Greece: The Modern Sequel. From 1831 to the Present|url=https://archive.org/details/greecemodernsequ0000koli_o4g4|publisher=Hurst & Co.|year=2002|location=London}} *{{cite journal|last=Kostopoulos|first=Tasos|title=La guerre civile macédonienne de 1903-1908 et ses représentations dans l'historiographie nationale grecque|journal=Cahiers Balkaniques|volume=38-39|issue=38–39|year=2011|pages=213–226|doi=10.4000/ceb.835|doi-access=free}} *{{cite journal|first=Vassilis|last=Kremmydas |script-title=el:Η οικονομική κρίση στον ελλαδικό χώρο στις αρχές του 19ου αιώνα και οι επιπτώσεις της στην Επανάσταση του 1821|trans-title=The economic crisis in Greek lands in the beginning of 19th century and its effects on the Revolution of 1821|language=el|journal=Μνήμων|volume=6|date=1977|pages=16–33|doi=10.12681/mnimon.171|doi-access=free}} *{{cite journal|first=Vassilis|last=Kremmydas |script-title=el:Προεπαναστατικές πραγματικότητες. Η οικονομική κρίση και η πορεία προς το Εικοσιένα|trans-title=Pre-revolutionary realities. The economic crisis and the course to '21|language=el|journal=Μνήμων|volume=24|date=2002|issue=2 |pages=71–84|doi=10.12681/mnimon.735|doi-access=free}} *{{cite journal|last=Livanios|first=Dimitris|title=Conquering the souls: nationalism and Greek guerrilla warfare in Ottoman Macedonia, 1904‐1908|journal=Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies|volume=23|year=1999|pages=195–221|doi=10.1179/byz.1999.23.1.195|s2cid=162410083}} *{{cite book |last= Mavrias | first= Kostas G |title= Constitutional Law |year= 2002| publisher= Ant. N. Sakkoulas | location =Athens |language=el |isbn=978-960-15-0663-0}} *{{cite journal|last=Mazower|first=Mark|year=1992|title=The Messiah and the Bourgeoisie: Venizelos and Politics in Greece, 1909- 1912|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_historical-journal_1992-12_35_4/page/885|journal=The Historical Journal|volume=35|issue=4|pages=885–904|doi=10.1017/S0018246X00026200}} *{{cite journal | last =Pappas | first = Takis |date=April 2003 | title= The Transformation of the Greek Party System Since 1951 | url =https://archive.org/details/sim_west-european-politics_2003-04_26_2/page/90 |journal=[[West European Politics (WEP)|West European Politics]]| volume= 26 | issue = 2 | pages = 90–114| doi = 10.1080/01402380512331341121| s2cid = 153514846 }} *{{Rejea habari | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/14/business/global/14debt.html | title = Wall St. Helped to Mask Debt Fueling Europe's Crisis | newspaper= The New York Times | first1 = Louise | last1 = Story | first2=Landon Jr |last2=Thomas |first3=Nelson D |last3=Schwartz |date= 14 February 2010 |access-date=26 March 2013}}. *{{Rejea kitabu | last = Trudgill | first = P | contribution = Greece and European Turkey: From Religious to Linguistic Identity | editor1-first = S | editor1-last = Barbour | editor2-first = C | editor2-last = Carmichael | year = 2000 | title = Language and Nationalism in Europe | place = [[Oxford]] | publisher = [[Oxford University Press]]}}. *{{cite book | author-link = Evangelos Venizelos| last = Venizelos | first = Evangelos | title = The "Acquis" of the Constitutional Revision | year= 2002 | publisher= Ant. N. Sakkoulas |location= Athens | language =el | isbn = 978-960-15-0617-3 |chapter=The Contribution of the Revision of 2001}} *{{Citation |script-title=el:Ἑλλάς - Ἑλληνισμὸς |url=http://anemi.lib.uoc.gr/php/pdf_pager.php?filename=%2Fvar%2Fwww%2Fanemi-portal%2Fmetadata%2Fa%2Ff%2Fb%2Fattached-metadata-01-0002588%2F279838_10.pdf&rec=%2Fmetadata%2Fa%2Ff%2Fb%2Fmetadata-01-0002588.tkl&do=279838_10.pdf&width=662&height=963&pagestart=1&maxpage=1104&lang=en&pageno=1&pagenotop=1&pagenobottom=262 |work=Μεγάλη Ἐλληνικὴ Ἐγκυκλοπαιδεῖα |volume=10 |location=Athens |publisher=Pyrsos Co. Ltd. |date=1934 |trans-title=Greece - Hellenism |language=el |ref = {{harvid|Great Greek Encyclopedia}}|title = PDF pager}} {{refend}} == Viungo vya nje == * {{en}} {{fr}} (Kigiriki) [http://www.presidency.gr/ Rais wa Ugiriki] {{Wayback|url=http://www.presidency.gr/ |date=20120917080929 }} {{Umoja wa Ulaya}} {{Ulaya}} {{mbegu-jio-Ulaya}} [[Jamii:Ugiriki|*]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Umoja wa Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Mkataba wa Schengen]] [[Jamii:Umoja wa Forodha wa Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Balkani]] [[Jamii:Maeneo ya Biblia]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] csxxkvwwfsm78s9rba21w1ig0u7z9ok Mtume Mathia 0 22840 1549945 1537534 2026-05-24T18:22:07Z ~2026-28570-74 89663 /* */ 1549945 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Saint Matthias.PNG|200px|thumb|right|Mt. Mathia alivyochorwa na [[Simone Martini]].]] {{Mitume 12 wa Yesu}} {{Yesu Kristo}} '''Mtume Mathia''' (kwa [[Kigiriki]] ''Matthias'' kutokana na ''Mattathias'', kwa [[Kiebrania]] ''Mattithiah'', maana yake "Zawadi ya Mungu") kadiri ya [[Matendo ya Mitume]] 1:21-22 alikuwa mfuasi wa [[Yesu Kristo]] tangu [[Ubatizo wa Bwana|alipobatizwa]] na [[Yohane Mbatizaji]] hadi [[Kupaa Bwana|alipopaa mbinguni]] [[mwaka]] [[30]] (au [[33]]). kwamba mmoja kati ya wafuasi wa kwanza wa [[Yesu]] ashike nafasi ya [[marehemu]] [[mtume]] [[Yuda Iskarioti]], na [[kura ya bahati]] ilimuangukia Mathia awe [[shahidi]] wa [[Ufufuko wa Yesu|ufufuko wake]] <ref>https://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/21050</ref>. Ingawa [[Biblia]] haina habari zaidi juu yake, inasemekana [[Mfiadini|alifia dini]] na tangu kale anaheshimiwa kama [[mtakatifu]], hasa [[tarehe]] [[14 Mei]] ([[Kanisa Katoliki]]<ref>[[Martyrologium Romanum]]</ref> na [[Anglikana]]), tarehe [[9 Agosti]] ([[Waorthodoksi wa Mashariki]]) na tarehe [[24 Februari]] ([[Walutheri]] na wengineo). ==Tazama pia== * [[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Mabradha wa Shule za Kikristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waaugustino]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabazili]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabenedikto]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wadominiko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wajesuiti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakarmeli]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakolumbani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wamersedari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waoratori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapasionisti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapremontree]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waredentori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wasalesiani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waskolopi]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wateatini]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watrinitari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watumishi wa Maria]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wavinsenti]] ==Tanbihi== {{marejeo}} ==Marejeo ya Kiswahili== * Masomo ya Breviari - Sikukuu za Bwana, za Bikira Maria na za Watakatifu - Ndanda Mission Press 1978, uk 151-153 * John Kabeya na wengine - Maisha ya Watakatifu – ed. T.M.P. Book Department – Tabora 1965, 1989, uk. 166-167 * Pd. Leandry Kimario, [[Wakapuchini|O.F.M.Cap.]] - Mfahamu Mtakatifu Somo Wako - Maisha ya Watakatifu wa Kila Siku pamoja na Watakatifu Wafransisko - Toleo la pili - Dar es Salaam 2021, uk. 139-140 * Maurice Soseleje, Kalendari yetu – Maisha ya Watakatifu – Toleo la pili – ed. Benedictine Publications Ndanda Peramiho – Peramiho 1986 – ISBN 9976-63-112-X, uk. 41 ==Viungo vya nje== {{Commons category|Saint Matthias}} {{mbegu-mtu-Biblia}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Biblia]] [[Jamii:Wafuasi wa Yesu]] [[Jamii:wafiadini Wakristo]] [[Jamii:Mitume katika Ukristo]] [[Jamii:Watakatifu wa Israeli]] 3xgku8iapyqhxhktsxjbol7nbgcayjf 1550015 1549945 2026-05-24T20:31:01Z WikiBayer 34745 Masahihisho aliyefanya [[Special:Contributions/~2026-28570-74|~2026-28570-74]] ([[User talk:~2026-28570-74|Majadiliano]]) yalirejeshwa hadi sahihisho la mwisho na [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] 1537534 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Saint Matthias.PNG|200px|thumb|right|Mt. Mathia alivyochorwa na [[Simone Martini]].]] {{Mitume 12 wa Yesu}} {{Yesu Kristo}} '''Mtume Mathia''' (kwa [[Kigiriki]] ''Matthias'' kutokana na ''Mattathias'', kwa [[Kiebrania]] ''Mattithiah'', maana yake "Zawadi ya Mungu") kadiri ya [[Matendo ya Mitume]] 1:21-22 alikuwa mfuasi wa [[Yesu Kristo]] tangu [[Ubatizo wa Bwana|alipobatizwa]] na [[Yohane Mbatizaji]] hadi [[Kupaa Bwana|alipopaa mbinguni]] [[mwaka]] [[30]] (au [[33]]). Kabla ya [[Pentekoste]] wa mwaka huo, [[Mtume Petro]] alipendekeza kwamba mmoja kati ya wafuasi wa kwanza wa [[Yesu]] ashike nafasi ya [[marehemu]] [[mtume]] [[Yuda Iskarioti]], na [[kura ya bahati]] ilimuangukia Mathia awe [[shahidi]] wa [[Ufufuko wa Yesu|ufufuko wake]] <ref>https://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/21050</ref>. Ingawa [[Biblia]] haina habari zaidi juu yake, inasemekana [[Mfiadini|alifia dini]] na tangu kale anaheshimiwa kama [[mtakatifu]], hasa [[tarehe]] [[14 Mei]] ([[Kanisa Katoliki]]<ref>[[Martyrologium Romanum]]</ref> na [[Anglikana]]), tarehe [[9 Agosti]] ([[Waorthodoksi wa Mashariki]]) na tarehe [[24 Februari]] ([[Walutheri]] na wengineo). ==Tazama pia== * [[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Mabradha wa Shule za Kikristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waaugustino]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabazili]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabenedikto]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wadominiko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wajesuiti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakarmeli]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakolumbani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wamersedari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waoratori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapasionisti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapremontree]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waredentori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wasalesiani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waskolopi]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wateatini]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watrinitari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watumishi wa Maria]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wavinsenti]] ==Tanbihi== {{marejeo}} ==Marejeo ya Kiswahili== * Masomo ya Breviari - Sikukuu za Bwana, za Bikira Maria na za Watakatifu - Ndanda Mission Press 1978, uk 151-153 * John Kabeya na wengine - Maisha ya Watakatifu – ed. T.M.P. Book Department – Tabora 1965, 1989, uk. 166-167 * Pd. Leandry Kimario, [[Wakapuchini|O.F.M.Cap.]] - Mfahamu Mtakatifu Somo Wako - Maisha ya Watakatifu wa Kila Siku pamoja na Watakatifu Wafransisko - Toleo la pili - Dar es Salaam 2021, uk. 139-140 * Maurice Soseleje, Kalendari yetu – Maisha ya Watakatifu – Toleo la pili – ed. Benedictine Publications Ndanda Peramiho – Peramiho 1986 – ISBN 9976-63-112-X, uk. 41 ==Viungo vya nje== {{Commons category|Saint Matthias}} {{mbegu-mtu-Biblia}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Biblia]] [[Jamii:Wafuasi wa Yesu]] [[Jamii:wafiadini Wakristo]] [[Jamii:Mitume katika Ukristo]] [[Jamii:Watakatifu wa Israeli]] 43i8zbuzejl6mqas2tufj08nhaqcgt7 Orodha ya miji ya Italia 0 26070 1550003 1460878 2026-05-24T20:10:05Z Scip. 25789 + 1550003 wikitext text/x-wiki Hii ni '''orodha ya miji ya nchi ya [[Italia]]''' yenye angalau idadi ya wakazi 100,000 (31 Mei 2025).<ref>{{it}} https://demo.istat.it/app/?l=it&a=2025&i=D7B</ref> [[File:Rome Skyline (8012016319).jpg|thumb|1. [[Roma]]]] [[File:Full Milan skyline from Duomo roof.jpg|thumb|2. [[Milano]]]] [[File:NapolidaS.Martino.jpg|thumb|3. [[Napoli]]]] [[File:Turin monte cappuccini.jpg|thumb|4. [[Torino]]]] [[File:Palermo02 flickr.jpg|thumb|5. [[Palermo]]]] [[Picha:Old harbour view.jpg|thumb|6. [[Genova]]]] [[File:Bologna-SanPetronioPiazzaMaggiore1.jpg|thumb|7. [[Bologna]]]] [[File:Sunset_over_florence_1.jpg|thumb|8. [[Firenze]]]] [[File:Bari02.jpg|thumb|9. [[Bari]]]] [[File:Sicilia - Catania dall'alto.jpg|thumb|10. [[Catania]]]] [[File:20110720 Verona 3078.jpg|thumb|11. [[Verona]]]] [[File:Venezia veduta aerea.jpg|thumb|11. [[Venezia]]]] [[File:Messinadalmare.jpg|thumb|13. [[Messina]]]] [[File:Abbazia di Santa Giustina2.jpg|thumb|14. [[Padova]]]] [[File:Duomo vecchio e duomo nuovo notturna Brescia.jpg|alt=|thumb|15. [[Brescia]]]] [[File:Piazza Duomo Parma 2009-08.jpg|alt=|thumb|16. [[Parma]]]] [[File:Trieste-IMG 3064.JPG|thumb|17. [[Trieste]]]] [[File:Panorama_di_Prato_Dal_Cupolin_degli_Ori_2.jpg|thumb|18. [[Prato]]]] [[File:Ponte Girevole Taranto.jpg|alt=|thumb|19. [[Taranto]]]] [[File:Modena.jpg|thumb|20. [[Modena]]]] [[File:PiazzaprosperoRE.jpg|thumb|21. [[Reggio nell'Emilia]]]] [[File:Reggio calabria.jpg|thumb|21. [[Reggio Calabria]]]] [[File:Perugia_-_palazzo_priori_1.jpg|thumb|23. [[Perugia]]]] [[File:Piazza Popolo Ravenna.jpg|thumb|24. [[Ravenna]]]] [[File:Livorno villini dell'Accademia.JPG|thumb|25. [[Livorno]]]] [[File:Rimini Piazza Tre Martiri 2.JPG|thumb|26. [[Rimini]]]] [[File:Cagliari.jpg|thumb|27. [[Cagliari]]]] [[File:Piazza XX Settembre ,Foggia.JPG|thumb|28. [[Foggia]]]] [[File:Piazza della Cattedrale. Ferrara, Italy.jpg|thumb|29. [[Ferrara]]]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Cheo ! Mji ! Mkoa ! Wakazi ! Wakazi kwa&nbsp;km² |- | align=center | 1 | [[Roma]] | [[Lazio]] | align=right | {{Nts|2745726}} | align=right | 2,105.5 |- | align=center | 2 | [[Milano]] | [[Lombardia]] | align=right | {{Nts|1367005}} | align=right | 7,159 |- | align=center | 3 | [[Napoli]] | [[Campania]] | align=right | {{Nts|905716}} | align=right | 8,334.5 |- | align=center | 4 | [[Torino]] | [[Piemonte]] | align=right | {{Nts|857865}} | align=right | 6,980 |- | align=center | 5 | [[Palermo]] | [[Sisilia]] | align=right | {{Nts|624848}} | align=right | 4,275 |- | align=center | 6 | [[Genova]] | [[Liguria]] | align=right | {{Nts|565008}} | align=right | 2,553 |- | align=center | 7 | [[Bologna]] | [[Emilia-Romagna]] | align=right | {{Nts|391519}} | align=right | 2,652 |- | align=center | 8 | [[Firenze]] | [[Toscana]] | align=right | {{Nts|362662}} | align=right | 3,593 |- | align=center | 9 | [[Bari, Puglia|Bari]] | [[Puglia]] | align=right | {{Nts|315942}} | align=right | 2,827 |- | align=center | 10 | [[Catania]] | [[Sisilia]] | align=right | {{Nts|297087}} | align=right | 1,653 |- | align=center | 11 | [[Verona]] | [[Veneto]] | align=right | {{Nts|255100}} | align=right | 1,258 |- | align=center | 12 | [[Venezia]] | [[Veneto]] | align=right | {{Nts|249226}} | align=right | 658 |- | align=center | 13 | [[Messina]] | [[Sisilia]] | align=right | {{Nts|216566}} | align=right | 1,173 |- | align=center | 14 | [[Padova]] | [[Veneto]] | align=right | {{Nts|207949}} | align=right | 2,310 |- | align=center | 15 | [[Brescia]] | [[Lombardia]] | align=right | {{Nts|200731}} | align=right | 2,135 |- | align=center | 16 | [[Parma]] | [[Emilia-Romagna]] | align=right | {{Nts|199227}} | align=right | 687 |- | align=center | 17 | [[Trieste]] | [[Friuli-Venezia Giulia]] | align=right | {{Nts|198749}} | align=right | 2,484 |- | align=center | 18 | [[Prato]] | [[Toscana]] | align=right | {{Nts|198725}} | align=right | 1,896 |- | align=center | 19 | [[Taranto]] | [[Puglia]] | align=right | {{Nts|185356}} | align=right | 899 |- | align=center | 20 | [[Modena]] | [[Emilia-Romagna]] | align=right | {{Nts|184841}} | align=right | 985 |- | align=center | 21 | [[Reggio nell'Emilia]] | [[Emilia-Romagna]] | align=right | {{Nts|172912}} | align=right | 723 |- | align=center | 22 | [[Reggio Calabria]] | [[Calabria]] | align=right | {{Nts|158128}} | align=right | 782 |- | align=center | 23 | [[Perugia]] | [[Umbria]] | align=right | {{Nts|162615}} | align=right | 361 |- | align=center | 24 | [[Ravenna]] | [[Emilia-Romagna]] | align=right | {{Nts|156449}} | align=right | 228 |- | align=center | 25 | [[Livorno]] | [[Toscana]] | align=right | {{Nts|152582}} | align=right | 1,546 |- | align=center | 26 | [[Rimini]] | [[Emilia-Romagna]] | align=right | {{Nts|150914}} | align=right | 1,040 |- | align=center | 27 | [[Cagliari]] | [[Sardinia]] | align=right | {{Nts|146433}} | align=right | 1,881 |- | align=center | 28 | [[Foggia]] | [[Puglia]] | align=right | {{Nts|145433}} | align=right | 305 |- | align=center | 29 | [[Ferrara]] | [[Emilia-Romagna]] | align=right | {{Nts|129285}} | align=right | 330 |- | align=center | 30 | [[Latina]] | [[Lazio]] | align=right | {{Nts|127564}} | align=right | 417 |- | align=center | 31 | [[Salerno]] | [[Campania]] | align=right | {{Nts|125449}} | align=right | 2,384.3 |- | align=center | 32 | [[Giugliano in Campania]] | [[Campania]] | align=right | {{Nts|124546}} | align=right | 1,127 |- | align=center | 33 | [[Monza]] | [[Lombardia]] | align=right | {{Nts|123297}} | align=right | 3,677 |- | align=center | 34 | [[Bergamo]] | [[Lombardia]] | align=right | {{Nts|120527}} | align=right | 3,025 |- | align=center | 35 | [[Sassari]] | [[Sardinia]] | align=right | {{Nts|120321}} | align=right | 236 |- | align=center | 36 | [[Trento]] | [[Trentino-Alto Adige]] | align=right | {{Nts|119121}} | align=right | 702 |- | align=center | 37 | [[Pescara]] | [[Abruzzo]] | align=right | {{Nts|118478}} | align=right | 3,709 |- | align=center | 38 | [[Forlì]] | [[Emilia-Romagna]] | align=right | {{Nts|117791}} | align=right | 509 |- | align=center | 39 | [[Siracusa]] | [[Sisilia]] | align=right | {{Nts|115436}} | align=right | 593 |- | align=center | 40 | [[Vicenza]] | [[Veneto]] | align=right | {{Nts|110547}} | align=right | 1,488 |- | align=center | 41 | [[Bolzano]] | [[Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol]] | align=right | {{Nts|106208}} | align=right | 1,931 |- | align=center | 42 | [[Terni]] | [[Umbria]] | align=right | {{Nts|106364}} | align=right | 524 |- | align=center | 43 | [[Piacenza]] | [[Emilia-Romagna]] | align=right | {{Nts|103733}} | align=right | 843 |- | align=center | 44 | [[Novara]] | [[Piemonte]] | align=right | {{Nts|103052}} | align=right | 999 |- |} == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Europe topic|Orodha ya miji ya}} [[Jamii:Miji ya Italia| ]] [[Jamii:Orodha za miji nchi kwa nchi|Italia]] lifhhctu96rgxjlojfjrsvih83khv9y Kigezo:Shaggy 10 60506 1549987 671338 2026-05-24T19:20:22Z Said Mfaume 68307 1549987 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox Musical artist | name = Shaggy | title = [[Shaggy]] | background = solo_singer | group1 = ''[[Pure Pleasure]]'' | list1 = "[[Oh Carolina]]" {{·wrap}} "[[Nice and Lovely]]" {{·wrap}} "[[Soon Be Done]]" {{·wrap}} "[[Big Up (wimbo)|Big Up]]" | group2 = ''[[Original Doberman]]'' | list2 = Hakuna Nyimbo zilizotoka pekee | group3 = ''[[Boombastic]]'' | list3 = "[[In the Summertime (wimbo wa Mungo Jerry)|In the Summertime]]" {{·wrap}} "[[Boombastic (wimbo)|Boombastic]]" {{·wrap}} "Why You Treat Me So Bad?" {{·wrap}} "Something Different" / "The Train Is Coming" {{·wrap}} "Day Oh" {{·wrap}} "[[In the Summertime (wimbo wa Mungo Jerry)|In the Summertime '96]]" | group4 = ''[[Midnite Lover]]'' | list4 = "My Dream" {{·wrap}} "[[Piece of My Heart]]" | group5 = ''[[Hot Shot (albamu)|Hot Shot]]'' | list5 = "[[It Wasn't Me]]" {{·wrap}} "[[Angel (wimbo wa Shaggy)|Angel]]" {{·wrap}} "[[Luv Me, Luv Me]]" {{·wrap}} "[[Dance & Shout / Hope]]" | group6 = ''[[Lucky Day (albamu ya Shaggy)|Lucky Day]]'' | list6 = "[[Hey Sexy Lady]]" {{·wrap}} "Strength of a Woman"{{·wrap}} "Get My Party On" | group7 = ''[[Clothes Drop]]'' | list7 = "[[Wild 2nite]]" {{·wrap}} "Ultimatum" | group8 = ''[[Intoxication (albamu)|Intoxication]]'' | list8 = "[[Church Heathen]]" {{·wrap}} "[[Bonafide Girl]]" {{·wrap}} "Feel The Rush" {{·wrap}} "[[What's Love]]" | group9 = ''[[Shaggy & Friends (albamu)|Shaggy & Friends]]'' | list9 = Hakuna Nyimbo zilizotoka pekee | group10 = ''[[Summer in Kingston (albamu)|Summer in Kingston]]'' | list10 = "Fired Up (F*ck the Rece$$ion)" {{·wrap}} "Sugarcane" | group11 = Nyimbo alizoshirikishwa | list11 = "That Girl" <small>(Akiwa na Maxi Priest)</small> {{·wrap}}"Sexy Girl" <small>(Akiwa na Eric Singleton)</small> {{·wrap}}"[[Me Julie]]" <small>(Akiwa na Ali G)</small> {{·wrap}} "Fly High" <small>(Akiwa na Gary 'Nesta' Pine)</small> | group12 = [[Jamii:Albamu za Shaggy|Albamu za mchanganyiko]] | list12 = ''[[Hot Shot (albamu)#Tracklisting|Hot Shot Ultramix]]''{{·}} ''[[Mr. Lover Lover – The Best of Shaggy... Part 1]]'' {{·}} ''[[Boombastic Hits]]'' {{·}} ''[[The Best of Shaggy]]'' {{·}} ''[[Best of Shaggy: The Boombastic Collection]]'' | group13 = Makala zinazohusiana | list13 = {{Nowrap begin}} [[Orodha ya kazi za Shaggy|Kazi za muziki]] {{·wrap}} [[Dancehall]] {{·wrap}} [[Reggae]] {{·wrap}} [[Reggae fusion]] {{Nowrap end}} }}<noinclude> [[Jamii:Violezo vya wanamuziki wa reggae|Shaggy]] </noinclude> 71pvgdf6judw7kuwqdivg86prn6i3f4 David Spade 0 66624 1549800 1312586 2026-05-24T14:07:11Z IvanScrooge98 24278 /* */ picha 1549800 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox actor | jina = David Spade | picha = David Spade 1 (cropped).jpg | ukubwa wa picha = 200px | maelezo ya picha = Spade, [[2008]] | jina la kuzaliwa = {{birth date and age|1964|7|22}} | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = | mahala pa kuzaliwa = [[Birmingham]], [[Michigan]], [[United States|US]] | ndoa = }} '''David Wayne Spade''' (amezaliwa tar. [[22 Julai]] [[1964]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] wa [[filamu]] na mchekeshaji kutoka nchini [[Marekani]]. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} ==Viungo vya Nje== * {{IMDb name|id=5450|name=David Spade}} {{BD|1964||Spade, David}} gkefdi8z3lfmsx6smrlnpy617yf778v 1549801 1549800 2026-05-24T14:07:19Z IvanScrooge98 24278 /* */ 1549801 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox actor | jina = David Spade | picha = David Spade 1 (cropped).jpg | ukubwa wa picha = 200px | maelezo ya picha = Spade, [[2010]] | jina la kuzaliwa = {{birth date and age|1964|7|22}} | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = | mahala pa kuzaliwa = [[Birmingham]], [[Michigan]], [[United States|US]] | ndoa = }} '''David Wayne Spade''' (amezaliwa tar. [[22 Julai]] [[1964]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] wa [[filamu]] na mchekeshaji kutoka nchini [[Marekani]]. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} ==Viungo vya Nje== * {{IMDb name|id=5450|name=David Spade}} {{BD|1964||Spade, David}} 5bsdeo5qr1g4qxoric91om2dzvs5p81 Alumniportal Deutschland 0 68956 1550165 1548056 2026-05-25T06:24:26Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550165 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Alumniportal Deutschland Logo.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Nembo ya {{PAGENAME}}]] '''Alumniportal Deutschland''' (Mlango wa Alumni [[Ujerumani]]) ni ukurasa kwenye mtandao. Madhumuni yake ni kuwaunganisha [[Alumni]] wa Ujerumani. Alumni-Ujerumani ni watu wote duniani ambao walisomea, waliofanya kazi, utafiti, waliosoma lugha ama kwa kusafiri kwenda Ujerumani ama katika chuo chochote cha Ujerumani kwenye nchi za kigeni. Ukurasa huu watumika bila malipo na sio wa kibiashara. Huu ni mradi wa mashirika matano ya Ujerumani ya ushirikiano wa kimataifa. Fedha za mradi huu zinatoka katika Wizara ya ushirikiano wa Kiuchumi na Maendeleo ([[Bundesministerium für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung, BMZ]]). ==Wajibu na Madhumuni== Ukurasa huu unawezesha uhusiano kati ya Alumni wa [[kijerumani]] na Ujerumani. Alumni-Ujerumani wanaweza kuwasiliana wenyewe kwa wenyewe, kuwasiliana na mashirika ya Ujerumani pamoja na yale ya kimataifa, makampuni, vyuo vikuu, kujenga na kufafanua mitandao ya Alumni. Ukurasa huu una soko la kazi na unatoa habari kuhusu kazi za kimataifa, habari kuhusu nafasi za kuendeleza masomo, habari za matukio kote duniani, sehemu ya tahariri yenye makala ya utamaduni, jamii, elimu sayansi & utafiti na uchumi, sehemu ya lugha ya kijerumani yenye walimu wa kijerumani ambao wajitangaza pamoja na jamii. Ukurasa huu ni wazi kwa Alumni wote bila kujali kama unajilipia gharama za maisha mwenyewe ama unalipiwa na shirika fulani la Ujerumani. Mtandao huu mkubwa wa mawasiliano unawezesha mashirika ambayo yanahusika katika kujenga ushirikiano bora zaidi kwa kazi zao za Alumni. Ukurasa huu unaunganisha biashara na waajiri, watalamu ama wabia wa kibiashara. ==Historia== Kazi ya Alumni yaani kufanya kazi na wanafunzi wa zamani wa chuo fulani cha masomo ya ngazi za juu kwa kawaida yafanyika kwenye mashirika ambayo yanawafadhili Alumni. Kama asilimia 80 ya wanafunzi wa kigeni, ambao wanasomea Ujerumani, yaani watu 14,000 kwa mwaka, walijilipia karo ya masomo yao, na ni vigumu sana kupata kujua anwani zao. Hivyo ndivyo ukurasa huu wa mtandao-Ujerumani ulivyoanzishwa. Huu ni ukurasa wa kipekee ambao unaunganisha kazi ya Alumni wa Ujerumani, ustadi wao pamoja na kuwaunganisha Alumni wenyewe, kwa manufaa ya mashirika ambayo yanawafadhili Alumni, na kwa manufaa ya mashirika yote duniani ambayo yanahitaji wafanyikazi. Mpaka Julai 2011 watu wapatao 32,000 kutoka nchi 184 walikuwa wamejiandikisha kama watumiaji wa ukurasa huu. ==Muundo== Kitu chenye umuhimu zaidi kwa ukurasa huu ni [[‘online community’]]. Ili uweze kutumia ukurasa huu unahitaji kujiandikisha. Unajiandikisha bila malipo. Alumni wanaweza kuwasiliana wao kwa wao ama kuwasiliana na makampuni. Pia kuna uwezekano wa kuanzisha na kutumia Blogs. Ukurasa huu una maktaba ya habari ambayo inawapasha Alumni habari kuhusu nafasi mbalimbali za mada na inaleta hamu kwa jamii. Hizi ni nafasi kama vile soko la kazi za kimataifa na soko la mikataba ya kazi, kalenda ya matukio, nafasi za kusoma Kijerumani, nafasi za kusomea utaalamu wa nyanja mbalimbali, huduma za uhariri na mengineo kutokana na uwanja wa uchumi, utafiti, sayansi, na utamaduni. Mashirika ama makampuni yanaweza kutuma kazi ambazo wanazo kwa soko la kazi. Wanaweza pia kutafuta wafanyakazi katika benki ya data, kutoa habari kuhusu matukio ama kutafuta wataalamu wanaowahitaji. Ukurasa huu wa Alumni Ujerumani umeandikwa kwa lugha ya Kijerumani na Kiingereza. ==Wafadhili na wabia== Alumni Ujerumani ni mradi wa mashirika mablimbali na masomo mbalimbali. Ni mradi wa mashirika matano ya ushirikiano wa kimataifa. * [[Alexander von Humboldt Foundation]] (AvH; in German: Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung) * [[Center for International Migration and Development]] (CIM) * [[Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit]] (GIZ) * [[German Academic Exchange Service]] (DAAD; in German: Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst) * [[Goethe-Institut]] (GI) Zaidi ya wabia kumi muhimu sana wanauunga mkono ushirikiano huu kwa mfano wizara ya mambo ya kigeni, wizaza ya masomo na utafiti, mifuko tofauti ya kisiasa ya kama vile Friedrich Ebert Foundation, Konrad Adenauer Foundation na Heinrich Boell Foundation. == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.alumniportal-deutschland.org/ Tovuti rasmi] {{Wayback|url=http://www.alumniportal-deutschland.org/ |date=20110903211920 }} * [https://www.alumniportal-deutschland.org/en/ Tafsiri ya Kiingereza]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} [[Jamii:Elimu]] cu163aegxg0ujb8zm8ay2ozz8yl3xg6 Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy 3 89634 1550214 1549080 2026-05-25T08:37:29Z Olimasy 26935 /* Demo */ Jibu 1550214 wikitext text/x-wiki {{karibu}} == Ukurasa wa Mathias E. Mnyampala == Habari, nimesahihisha ukurasa kama ulivyouliza. Nimeona bora kufuta matini yanayolingana na tafsiri ya kompyuta. Ni kweli nimejaribu kuongeza ukurasa huo wa Kiswahili kwa kutumia matini ya ukurasa wa Kiingereza ulio mrefu zaidi. Kama haipendezi basi ! Wassalaam ! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Goma999|Goma999]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Goma999|majadiliano]])''' 17:44, 3 Januari 2024 (UTC) Goma999 == Mambo yako! == Salaam teeele!<br> Pole na shida zangu,.<br> Nimeona nikusalimu bwana Injinia!<br> --[[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb Mwanaharakati'''</sub></font>]]</span> <font face="Comic sans">[[User talk:Muddyb Blast Producer|<font color="black"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]] 19:32, 19 Mei 2018 (UTC) == Ahahah asante kwa shida zako == Salam..mimi mzima kabisa hofu kwako '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|oba21.on]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:18, 20 Mei 2018 (UTC) == Salam.. == Salam zako zimenifikia nikia nimejaa teleee Kwako vipi khariii '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|oba21.on]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:20, 5 Oktoba 2018 (UTC) == MAMBO YANGU == salam zimenifikia, zimetufikia, tumesalimika. shida zetu ndio zinakupa shida pole sana. nikutakie ujenzi mwema wa jamii yako. asante! ==[[Watu wazima]]== HAbari, naona makala hii. TAfadhali ukumbuke makala za wikipedia si vyanzo au marejeo yanayokubalika. Hakuna tatizo ukichukua habari zako pale enwiki pamoja na marejeo yanayotajwa pale. Lakini hatuwezi kutaja makala ya wikipedia kama chanzo. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 06:52, 7 Desemba 2019 (UTC) ==Tangazo== Habari ndugu Mwanawikipedia!<br><br>Mimi ni mwezeshaji wa mradi uitwao [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct)&article_action=watch#Utangulizi_kuhusu_Mwongozo_Wa_Kimataifa_Wa_Nidhamu_Na_Maadili Mwongozo Wa Kimataifa Wa Mwenendo Na Maadili]. Ni mradi mchanga/mpya ambao Shirika la Wikimedia Foundation linanuia kuuanzisha endapo wadau wataona ni mradi unaofaa. Nakukaribisha usome mwongozo huo na kisha utoe maoni yako kwa kujibu maswali yote au baadhi yake kwa yale utakayopenda kuyatolea maoni [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majadiliano_ya_Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct)#Maswali_ya_Wikimedia_Foundation HAPA]<br><br>'''<big>Taarifa zaidi kuhusu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Nidhamu na Mwenendo</big>'''<br><br> Shirika la Wikimedia Foundation lina mpango wa kuanzisha [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct)&article_action=watch#Utangulizi_kuhusu_Mwongozo_Wa_Kimataifa_Wa_Nidhamu_Na_Maadili Mwongozo Wa Kimataifa Wa Mwenendo Na Maadili]. Lengo la mwongozo huo ni kujaribu kuainisha vitu vya msingi vinavyopatikana katika miongozo midogo midogo iliyopo tayari katika kila jamii husika (mfano Jumuiya yetu hii ya wahariri wa Wikipedia ya Kiswahili). Lengo hasa la mwongozo huu ni kutengeneza mazingira ambayo wanawikipedia wote duniani watakuwa na uelewa wa pamoja juu ya vitu vya msingi kuhusu nini kinakubalika na kipi hakikubaliki wakati wa uchangiaji (uhariri) wa Wikipedia na pale wanawikipedia wanapowasiliana kwenye Wikipedia au ana kwa ana katika warsha na mikutano ya Wanawikipedia. Wazo hilo limekuja baada kukithiri kwa baadhi ya Wanawikimedia kukumbana kufanyiwa unyanyasaji wa kitabia (mfano matusi, kuitana majina yasiyofaa, kutishiana n.k) na Wanawikimedia wenzao, hivyo kuwakatisha tamaa ya kuendelea kuchangia katika miradi ya Wikimedia.Hivyo, wewe kama mdau muhimu katika miradi ya Wikimedia Foundation, unakaribishwa ku [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct) soma zaidi kuhusu mwongozo huo Hapa]na baada ya kuusoma mwongozo huo unaweza ku [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majadiliano_ya_Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct)#Maswali_ya_Wikimedia_Foundation toa maoni yako Hapa kabla ya tar 15 April 2020.]<br><br>'''<big>Mwaliko wa kujiunga na kundi la Wahariri wa Wikipedia</big>''' <br><br> Nakukaribisha ujiunge na kundi la Wahariri wa Wikipedia kutoka Dar es Salaam ili tuweze kujadiliana na kubadilishana uzoefu na mambo kadha wa kadha kuhusu Uhariri wa Wikipedia. Iwapo utapenda kujiunga, usisite kuwasiliana nasi kupitia '''wikitzagroup@gmail.com''', na kwa taarifa zaidi kuhusu kundi la Wahariri wa Wikipedia wa hapa Dar es Salaam na Tanzania kwa ujumla na miradi waliyoitekeleza tayari, unaweza tembelea hapa ukurasa wao wa meta uitwao [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Community_User_Group_Tanzania Wikimedia Community User Group Tanzania] au pia katika Facebook kwa jila la [https://www.facebook.com/Wikimediatz/ Wikimedia Tanzania].<br><br> Ndimi '''[[Mtumiaji:AMtavangu (WMF)|AMtavangu (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AMtavangu (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 22:47, 5 Aprili 2020 (UTC) == Mwaliko wa kutoa maoni yako kuhusu ''Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Nidhamu'' == Habari ndugu Mwanawikipedia!<br><br>[[User:AMtavangu (WMF)|Mimi]] ni mwezeshaji wa mradi uitwao [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct)&article_action=watch#Utangulizi_kuhusu_Mwongozo_Wa_Kimataifa_Wa_Nidhamu_Na_Maadili Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili]. Ni mradi mchanga/mpya ambao Shirika la Wikimedia Foundation linanuia kuuanzisha endapo wadau wataona ni mradi unaofaa na kuunga mkono wazo hilo. Nakukaribisha usome mwongozo huo na kisha utoe maoni yako kwa kujibu maswali yote au baadhi yake kwa yale utakayopenda kuyatolea maoni [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majadiliano_ya_Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct)#Maswali_ya_Wikimedia_Foundation ''HAPA'']<br><br>'''<big>Taarifa zaidi kuhusu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Nidhamu na Mwenendo</big>'''<br><br> Shirika la Wikimedia Foundation lina mpango wa kuanzisha [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct)&article_action=watch#Utangulizi_kuhusu_Mwongozo_Wa_Kimataifa_Wa_Nidhamu_Na_Maadili Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili]. Lengo la mwongozo huo ni kujaribu kuoanisha vitu vya msingi vya kimwongozo vinavyopatikana katika miongozo midogo midogo iliyopo tayari katika kila jamii husika (mfano katika Jumuiya yetu hii ya wahariri wa Wikipedia ya Kiswahili). Lengo hasa la mwongozo huu ni kujaribu kutengeneza mazingira ambayo wanawikipedia wote duniani watakuwa na uelewa wa pamoja juu ya vitu vya msingi kuhusu nini kinakubalika na kipi hakikubaliki wakati wa uchangiaji (uhariri) au utumiaji wa Wikipedia, na pia pale wanawikipedia wanapowasiliana ndani ya tovuti ya Wikipedia yenyewe au wanapokutana ana kwa ana katika warsha na mikutano mbalimbali ya Wanawikipedia. Wazo hilo limekuja baada kutokea kwa baadhi ya matukio kwa baadhi ya Wanawikimedia anbapo katika tafiti iliyofanywa mwaka 2015 , ilionekana baadhi ya Wanawikimedia walikuwa wakikumbana na unyanyasaji wa kitabia (mfano matusi, kuitana majina yasiyofaa, kutishiana n.k) na Wanawikimedia wenzao, hivyo kuwakatisha tamaa ya kuendelea kuchangia katika miradi ya Wikimedia.Wewe kama mdau muhimu katika miradi ya Wikimedia Foundation, unakaribishwa ku [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct) soma zaidi kuhusu mwongozo huo]na unaweza ku [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majadiliano_ya_Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct)#Maswali_ya_Wikimedia_Foundation toa maoni yako Hapa kabla ya tar 29th April 2020.]<br><br>'''<big>Mwaliko wa kujiunga na kundi la Wahariri wa Wikipedia</big>''' <br><br> Nakukaribisha ujiunge na kundi la Wahariri wa Wikipedia kutoka Tanzania (Dar es Salaam) ili tuweze kujadiliana na kubadilishana mawazo, uzoefu na mambo kadha wa kadha kuhusu Uhariri wa Wikipedia na miradi mingine yake ya Wikimedia Foundation. Iwapo utapenda kujiunga, usisite kuwasiliana nasi kupitia '''wikitzagroup@gmail.com''', na kwa taarifa zaidi kuhusu kundi la Wahariri wa Wikipedia wa hapa Dar es Salaam na Tanzania kwa ujumla kuhusu miradi waliyoifanya tayari, unaweza tembelea hapa ukurasa wao wa meta uitwao [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Community_User_Group_Tanzania Wikimedia Community User Group Tanzania] au pia katika Facebook kwa jila la [https://www.facebook.com/Wikimediatz/ Wikimedia Tanzania].<br><br> Ndimi [[User:AMtavangu (WMF)|Mtavangu]]19:09, 18 Aprili 2020 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:AMtavangu (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:AMtavangu_(WMF)/Massmessaging_test&oldid=19994514 --> == Uteuzi kuwa mkabidhi == Salaam! Ulipendekezwa na kukubaliwa kupata haki za mkabidhi. Je, uko tayari kupokea uteuzi huu na kushiriki katika kazi mara kwa mara kama jinsi ilivyoelezwa katika ukurasa wa wakabidhi? Tunaomba jibu lako kwa baruapepe katika wiki hii. Tumia zana za Wikipedia kutuma barua pepe. --[[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>''''Muddyb Mwanaharakati''''</sub></font>]]</span> <font face="Comic Sans MS">[[User talk:Muddyb Blast Producer|<font color="black"><sup>''''Longa''''</sup></font>]] 07:45, 13 Septemba 2020 (UTC) Ujumbe wako umenipata vema kabisa nita jibu mara tuu nikiwa naweza kufikia kompyuta yangu '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:15, 13 Septemba 2020 (UTC) ==Kukaribisha watumiaji wapya== Ndugu, hongera kwa kuanza kazi, ila kigezo cha kumkaribisha mtu kinatakiwa katika ukurasa wake wa mawasiliano, si ule wa mtumiaji. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:40, 3 Oktoba 2020 (UTC) Asante Ndugu, nitazingatia. '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:35, 3 Oktoba 2020 (UTC) == [[Salzburg]] [[Austria]] [[Vienna]] == Hey Bro, thank you for helping to work at the article of Salzburg. If you want we could work together at some more articles about Austria in the Kiswahili languaged Wikipedia. I am learning Kiswahili right now Bro but I am still in the starter level, unfortunately, because I do not have a lot of possobilities to learn Kiswahili in Austria, but I know Austria very well and we could work together, I have knowledge about the country, you have language knowdledge Kiswahili. Have you been to Austria yet? Or was it a just random that you have found the article Salzburg? Alex [[Maalum:Michango/84.174.183.93|84.174.183.93]] 16:29, 28 Novemba 2020 (UTC) Hello Alex, i would like to work together since its now my responsibility to make sure what comes into swahili wikipedia it is in a means that it suit swahili comunity and others as well, I have never been in Austria but till now i do have bunch of friends from there who are striving in swahili language like you. I would like to say that now you have an oppotunity to learn Swahili language as you wishe. Karibu sana. '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:08, 29 Novemba 2020 (UTC) * Hey, sorry for a slow resonse. I d like to crate or work on some more Kiswahili Wikipedia articles about european countries, states, cities, transport and so on. I would do this about topics that I know, translate by Google, than you could check for grammar typos because google translations don t work out well many times and so we could do it together? Can you send me an e mail directly please to alexvie111987@gmail.com ? Than you can reach me sooner and easier and we could discuss about Kiswahili Wikipedia Articels? * And by the way if you know some Kiswahili native speakers in Vienna, Frankfurt or Hamburg would you help me to find somebody for language exchange Kiswahili - German, German - Kiswahili? I have started learning Kiswahili at the adult education center, but because of Covid19, any lessons have been cancelled and I am so unhappy because I wanna learn Kiswahili but I cant :( Alex [[Maalum:Michango/84.174.183.93|84.174.183.93]] 01:47, 8 Desemba 2020 (UTC) .Again hello Alex, thank you for leaving a contact for me i wall contact you soon. thank you '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy#top|majadiliano]])''' 05:26, 8 Desemba 2020 (UTC) ==Tuzo la uhariri== [[Image:Original Barnstar Hires.png|100px|right]] Ninakukabidhi '''Tuzo ya Uhariri ya Wikipedia''' kwa juhudi zako za kutupatia orodha ya Wabunge wa Tanzania wa 2020! '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 17:58, 7 Desemba 2020 (UTC) . Asante sana Ngugu Kipala, na mimi naipokea kwa heshima kubwa na tahadhima, na naahidi kuendeleza juhudi. '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy#top|majadiliano]])''' 05:29, 8 Desemba 2020 (UTC) ==Matangazo ya Kivietnam== Ulimwandikia [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Tylekeoso]] salamu nzuri. Alijaza ukurasa wake kwa matini ya Kivietnam. Hao tumeshaona mara nyingi. Unaweza kuweka yaliyomo katika google translate Kivietnam-Kiingereza utaona ni matangazo ya kibiashara tu. Riccardo na mimi tumezoea kufuta kurasa hizi moja kwa moja na kuzuia akaunti za wachangiaji. Hao si watu waliokosa kupeleka habari kwetu; nadhani ni programu zinazotafuta nafasi kwenye intaneti kusambaza matangazo ya kibiashara. Sijafuatalia sijui kama programu zimewekwa hasa kutushambulia sisi lakini nahisi wanajaribu kote duniani. Kwa hiyo usisite kufuta na kubana. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 11:30, 8 Desemba 2020 (UTC) .Asante kwataarifa, binafsi nilifikiri ni mtumiaji tuu mwenzetu maana nimeona amekaribishwa vizuri kabisa. .Sambamba na hilo kuna huyu mtumiaji anaitwa Alex kutoka Autria nimeona makala zake chache anatumia google translator moja kwa moja nakupakia matini kwenye swwiki nilivo mfuatilia anasema anajifunza kiswahili, sasa nafikiri kumtafutia mbadala wa kukutana na wewe inawezekana? '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:52, 8 Desemba 2020 (UTC) ::Alex gani? '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 12:50, 8 Desemba 2020 (UTC) ːːHana username ila anahalili sana miji ya Austria na ujerumani alihalili makala hii [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salzburg hapa]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:57, 8 Desemba 2020 (UTC) ==Salamu za Karibu== Habari naona umeweka salamu ya karibu kwenye ukurasa wa [[Wapangwa Watu Weupe (Vipindi vya Runinga)‎]] ambayo si ukurasa wa mtumiaji. Nadhani ulikuwa umechoka, Tuelewane sanduku hilo linaingia pekee kurasa za majidiliano ya watumiaji, si makala. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 06:49, 14 Desemba 2020 (UTC) Asante, '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:58, 14 Desemba 2020 (UTC) == Reminder to sign the confidentiality agreement == Hi, as outlined in [[:m:Stewards/Elections_2021/Guidelines#Sign_the_confidentiality_agreement|the guidelines for the Steward Election]], all candidates must sign the [[:m:Access to nonpublic personal data policy|confidentiality agreement for nonpublic information]] before 5 February, or you will be disqualified. For instructions, see [[:m:Confidentiality agreement for nonpublic information/How to sign]]. Best, '''[[Mtumiaji:Tks4Fish|Tks4Fish]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Tks4Fish|majadiliano]])''' 18:37, 1 Februari 2021 (UTC) == How we will see unregistered users == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin=content/> Hi! You get this message because you are an admin on a Wikimedia wiki. When someone edits a Wikimedia wiki without being logged in today, we show their IP address. As you may already know, we will not be able to do this in the future. This is a decision by the Wikimedia Foundation Legal department, because norms and regulations for privacy online have changed. Instead of the IP we will show a masked identity. You as an admin '''will still be able to access the IP'''. There will also be a new user right for those who need to see the full IPs of unregistered users to fight vandalism, harassment and spam without being admins. Patrollers will also see part of the IP even without this user right. We are also working on [[m:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/Improving tools|better tools]] to help. If you have not seen it before, you can [[m:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation|read more on Meta]]. If you want to make sure you don’t miss technical changes on the Wikimedia wikis, you can [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|subscribe]] to [[m:Tech/News|the weekly technical newsletter]]. We have [[m:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation#IP Masking Implementation Approaches (FAQ)|two suggested ways]] this identity could work. '''We would appreciate your feedback''' on which way you think would work best for you and your wiki, now and in the future. You can [[m:Talk:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation|let us know on the talk page]]. You can write in your language. The suggestions were posted in October and we will decide after 17 January. Thank you. /[[m:User:Johan (WMF)|Johan (WMF)]]<section end=content/> </div> 18:19, 4 Januari 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Target_lists/Admins2022(7)&oldid=22532681 --> ==[[Laverne cox]]== Naomba uifute. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 08:27, 11 Februari 2022 (UTC) Nimefuta --'''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy#top|majadiliano]])''' == Have you voted in the UCoC enforcement guidelines ratification? == Hi! {{ping|User:Olimasy}} The ratification voting process for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) is now open! '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting|Voting commenced on SecurePoll]]''' on 7 March 2022 and will conclude on 21 March 2022. Please [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|read more on the voter information and eligibility details]]. Please vote and encourage other editors of Swahili Wikipedia to also vote. Regards, '''[[Mtumiaji:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Zuz (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 12:04, 11 Machi 2022 (UTC) == Event Registration Tool: Demo and Invitation to Test == Hello Subscribers! [[metawiki:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|'''The Campaigns Product  Team''']] from the Wikimedia Foundation will be hosting two office hours to  demo the new [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration|'''Event Registration Tool''']], and train organizers how to  use it. In these office hours, you will learn how to: * Create an event page in the new event namespace (as an event organizer) * Enable registration on your event page (as an event organizer) * Collect data on who registered for your event (as an event organizer) * Register for an event on the event page (as an event participant) You can attend one office hour or both, depending on your availability on the following dates: * Session 1: '''Thursday, July 21, 2022 at 5:00 PM UTC''' * Session 2: '''Saturday, July 23, 2022 at 12:00 PM UTC''' These events will be multilingual, with live interpretations in '''Arabic''', '''English''', '''French''', '''Italian''', and '''Portuguese''', and '''Swahili'''. Note that Portuguese will be available on the 21st, but not the 23rd. We strongly encourage you to join and share your feedback on the tool. Your feedback will help us improve the tool so that Wikimedians can have a better event experience. To register, please reply to this email or [[metawiki:Campaigns/Foundation Programs Team/Office Hours/2022 07|'''''sign-up to our page''''']], by adding your signature. Thank you! <nowiki>~~~~</nowiki> '''[[Mtumiaji:IBrazal (WMF)|IBrazal (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:IBrazal (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 06:13, 18 Julai 2022 (UTC) == Campaign Product Team Office Hour - July 21, 2022 == Hello '''Campaign Product Newsletter''' subscribers! The [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|'''Campaign Product Team''']] will be having an office hour today, '''July 21, 2022 at 17:00 UTC''' via '''Zoom''' to demo the first release of the [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration|'''Event Registration Tool''']]. You may join the office hour using this [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/83538569035 '''meeting link''']. We look forward to your participation. Thank you. Best, The [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|'''Campaign Product Team''']] '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 14:46, 21 Julai 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:IBrazal (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=23512297 --> == Campaigns Product Update #4 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello '''Campaigns Product Newsletter''' subscribers! We are excited to share our updates: *<div style = "text-align:left; color: #192980; font-size: 1em;>'''Event Registration v0'''</div> :We have successfully launched '''Event Registration tool V0''' on beta cluster and collected feedback from the first batch of testers. This tool is part of a more comprehensive organizing solution, the '''Event Center''', which hopes to support movement organizers. Through this registration solution, organizers can collect useful data on campaign participants and their needs while respecting participant privacy. :'''Testing update'''. In our first round of feedback collection, testers were composed of different types of organizers around the movement with a language focus on Arabic, French, English, and Swahili communities. Most of the testers successfully created their test event registrations and signed up for a test event registration created by other organizers. '''''Simple''''', '''''easy to use''''', and '''''aids in managing event participants''''' were the common feedback we received from first-time users. In contrast, access and proper localization of the tool were the points for improvement identified. We are working on V1, which will include '''communication support''' and integration with the [https://outreachdashboard.wmflabs.org/ '''Programs and Event Dashboard''']. This will be released on Meta-Wiki soon. We hope to address accessibility during this launch and improve localization problems once the tool has been deployed in local wikiprojects. :[https://meta.wikimedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Main_Page ''The tool is still available for testing on the beta cluster'']. Feel free to leave feedback on our project talk page or this [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSe53MNV9CKVBAF3SV2q97baufizH7b_2QJ47H1w0Upvoh4QFQ/viewform form]. *<div style = "text-align:left; color: #192980; font-size: 1em;>'''Organizer Lab'''</div> Looking for a way to learn how to effectively organize around sustainability? Join the beta version of the Organizer Lab on WikiLearn to understand how to effectively organize a global campaign around sustainability and climate change! Applications are open from '''September 22 - October 19, 2022'''. The Organizer Lab will be a '''9-week online learning experience from the end of October until mid December''' that prepares participants to obtain knowledge about the topics that they wish to create, a call to action for strategic knowledge gaps, as well as more generalized Wikimedia organizing and campaign/event design skills. :[[m:Campaigns/Organizer_Lab|'''Read more about the program''']]! <br> '''What's Next''': *'''Organizer Lab Information Session'''. We invite you to join our information session for the Organizer Lab on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1664546421 '''September 30, 2022 at 14:00 UTC'''] via '''Zoom'''. [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/89032870014 ''Join this session!'']<br> *'''Organizer User Rights'''. We are reaching out to a pool of administrators from Arabic, French and Swahili communities to collect feedback on what is the best way to define organizer user rights, what privileges to give to community organizers, and what are the limitations of these privileges. Feel free to reach out to our [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|product ambassadors]] or send an email to '''ibrazal-ctr@wikimedia.org''' if you are interested to be part of these conversations. <br> ---- '''Community Feedback''': <center>''"Participants have been always asking the organizers are asked by participants whether they are registered, now participants will just look directly if they are registered, Thank you for creating the system"'' <br> - French Organizer <br><br> ''“I think that the platform will facilitate the process of promoting events and searching for participants”''<br> - Arabic Organizer </center><br> ---- <br> Thank you! '''The Campaigns Product Team''' </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 06:30, 21 Septemba 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:IBrazal (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=23684552 --> == Campaigns Product Team Office Hour - December 2022 == Hello '''Campaigns Product Newsletter''' subscribers! The [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|Wikimedia Foundation Campaigns Team]] invites you to join our upcoming office hours. In each session, we will introduce V1 of [[m:Event Center/Registration|'''Event Registration Tool''']], so you can begin '''using it for real events on Meta-wiki'''. <br> In V1, the following new features will be includedː * Support for the organizer to specify an event timezone * Automatic confirmation emails after participants have registered * Private registration: the option for participants to register and only display their registered username to organizers of the event and we will teach you how you can use it yourself. <br> <u>'''Office Hour Sessions''':</u> * '''1st Session''': '''December 5, 2022''' @ '''18:00 UTC''' via [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/87853269514 Zoom] * '''2nd Session''': '''December 10, 2022''' @ '''12:00 UTC''' via [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/87853269514 Zoom] :[[m:Campaigns/Foundation Programs Team/Office Hours/2022 12|'''''Join us and share your thoughts on these developments!''''']] <br> These office hours will be multilingual, with live interpretations in Arabic, English, French, and Swahili. Email us @ ''ibrazal-ctr@wikimedia.org'' or [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Programs Team/Office Hours/2022 12|'''sign-up here''']] if you want to receive a reminder for this meeting. <br><br> Thank you. '''The Campaigns Product Team''' <!-- Message sent by User:IBrazal (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=24091515 --> == Organizer Tools Office Hours & Event Discovery Project == ('''[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Update 5/fr|Lire ce message en français]])'''; ('''[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Update 5/es|Ver este mensaje en español]]'''); ('''[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Update 5/sw|Angalia ujumbe huu kwa Kiswahili]]'''); ('''[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Update 5/ar|إقرأ هذه الرسالة بالعربي]]''') <small> {{int:please-translate}} </small>. [[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team|The Campaigns team]] at the Wikimedia Foundation has some updates to share with you, which are: We invite you to attend our upcoming community office hours to learn about organizer tools, including the [[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Registration|Event registration tool]] (which has [[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Registration#September 18, 2023: October office hours & upcoming features|new and upcoming features]]). '''The office hours are on the following dates, and you can join one or both of them:''' *'''Saturday, October 7 at 12:00 UTC''' ('''[[m:Event:Organizer Tools Office Hour 5/Session A|Register here]]''') **Languages available: Arabic, English, French, Swahili *'''Tuesday, October 10 at 18:00 UTC''' ('''[[m:Event:Organizer Tools Office Hour 5/Session B|Register here]]'''). **Languages available: Arabic, English, French, Portuguese, Spanish, Swahili '''We have launched a new project: [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Event Discovery|Event Discovery]]'''. This project aims to make it easier for editors to learn about campaign events. '''We need your help to understand how you would like to discover events on the wikis, so that we can create a useful solution. Please share your feedback on our [[m:Talk:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Event Discovery|project talk page]]'''. ; Thank you, and we hope to see you at the upcoming office hours! [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 19:54, 24 Septemba 2023 (UTC) <small>You are receiving this message because you subscribed to this [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Subscribers|list]]</small> <!-- Message sent by User:EUwandu-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=25632558 --> == Translation notification: Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees|Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Wikimedia+Foundation+Board+of+Trustees&language=sw&action=page translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is medium. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr">This page contains outdated information. Please assist in updating the page to prevent confusion.</div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators&lrm;, 04:48, 19 Aprili 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Minorax@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Translation notification: Fundraising/Translation == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:Fundraising/Translation|Fundraising/Translation]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Fundraising%2FTranslation&language=sw&action=page translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is low. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. 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Meta translation coordinators&lrm;, 14:11, 25 Aprili 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Minorax@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Ukumbusho kuhusu kupiga kura sasa ili kuchagua washiriki wa U4C ya awamu ya kwanza == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder|Unaweza kupata ujumbe huu ukiwa umetafsiriwa katika lugha za ziada kwenye Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Ndugu Mwanawikimedia, Unapokea ujumbe huu kwa sababu hapo kabla uliwahi kushiriki katika mchakato wa UCoC. Huu ni ukumbusho kwamba kipindi cha kupiga kura kwa Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili (U4C) kitamalizika tarehe 9 Mei 2024. Soma maelezo kwenye [[Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|ukurasa wa kupiga kura kwenye Meta- wiki]] ili kupata maelezo zaidi kuhusu upigaji kura na ustahiki wa mpiga kura. Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili (U4C) ni kikundi cha kimataifa kilichojitolea kutoa utekelezaji sawa na thabiti wa UCoC. Wanajamii walialikwa kutuma maombi yao kwa U4C. Kwa maelezo zaidi na majukumu ya U4C, tafadhali [[Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|pitia Mkataba wa U4C]]. Tafadhali washirikishe ujumbe wanajumuiya wenzako ili nao waweze kushiriki. Kwa niaba ya timu ya mradi wa UCoC,<section end="announcement-content" /> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 22:54, 2 Mei 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2024/Previous_voters_list_3&oldid=26721208 --> == Translation notification: Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – results == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – results|Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – results]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Universal+Code+of+Conduct%2FCoordinating+Committee%2FElection%2F2024%2FAnnouncement+%E2%80%93+results&language=sw&action=page translate to Kiswahili] The deadline for translating this page is 2024-05-17. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! 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You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Wikimedia+Foundation+Community+Affairs+Committee%2FProcedure+for+Sibling+Project+Lifecycle%2FInvitation+for+feedback+%28MM%29&language=sw&action=page translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is high. The deadline for translating this page is 2024-05-22. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! 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To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators&lrm;, 05:15, 27 Mei 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Minorax@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Translation notification: Template:Movement Charter draft == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:Template:Movement Charter draft|Template:Movement Charter draft]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Template%3AMovement+Charter+draft&language=sw&action=page translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is high. The deadline for translating this page is 2024-06-11. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators&lrm;, 02:41, 8 Juni 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> : done '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:30, 8 Juni 2024 (UTC) == Translation notification: Movement Charter == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:Movement Charter|Movement Charter]] is available for translation. 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The page [[:metawikipedia:Wikimedia LGBT+/Portal|Wikimedia LGBT+/Portal]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Wikimedia+LGBT%2B%2FPortal&language=sw&action=page translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is low. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! 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To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators&lrm;, 15:31, 7 Julai 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:MrBenjo@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Translation notification: Wikimedia and Libraries User Group == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:Wikimedia and Libraries User Group|Wikimedia and Libraries User Group]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Wikimedia+and+Libraries+User+Group&language=sw&action=page translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is low. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators&lrm;, 16:04, 7 Julai 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:MrBenjo@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Translation notification: Wikimedia and Libraries User Group/Mission and goals == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:Wikimedia and Libraries User Group/Mission and goals|Wikimedia and Libraries User Group/Mission and goals]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Wikimedia+and+Libraries+User+Group%2FMission+and+goals&language=sw&action=page translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is low. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators&lrm;, 09:20, 8 Julai 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:MrBenjo@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Translation notification: Wiki Loves Women/SheSaid/SheSaid 2024 == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:Wiki Loves Women/SheSaid/SheSaid 2024|Wiki Loves Women/SheSaid/SheSaid 2024]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Wiki+Loves+Women%2FSheSaid%2FSheSaid+2024&language=sw&action=page translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is medium. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators&lrm;, 09:56, 8 Julai 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:MrBenjo@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Translation notification: WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-WMDE+Technical+Wishes%2FSub-referencing&language=sw&action=page translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is low. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr">The sub-referencing feature is planned to be implemented until the end of 2024 on various wikis. Therefore, it would be great to have information about the feature ready in multiple languages.</div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators&lrm;, 20:36, 8 Agosti 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:MrBenjo@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Translation notification: User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)/Sub-referencing == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)/Sub-referencing|User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)/Sub-referencing]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-User%3AJohannes+Richter+%28WMDE%29%2FSub-referencing&language=sw&action=page translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is medium. The deadline for translating this page is 2024-08-19. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr">Dear translators, Wikimedia Deutschland is currently developing a new feature for referencing ([[WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-references]]). Development will still take a while, but we'll send an announcement to the global communities soon, in order to let them know in advance and ask for feedback. Thanks for helping us translate this mass message!</div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators&lrm;, 12:01, 9 Agosti 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johannnes89@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Translation notification: Meta:What Meta is not == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:Meta:What Meta is not|Meta:What Meta is not]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Meta%3AWhat+Meta+is+not&language=sw&action=page translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is low. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr">Meta-Wiki guideline page</div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators&lrm;, 14:03, 15 Agosti 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:MrBenjo@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Translation notification: Meta:Administrators/Removal (inactivity) == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:Meta:Administrators/Removal (inactivity)|Meta:Administrators/Removal (inactivity)]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Meta%3AAdministrators%2FRemoval+%28inactivity%29&language=sw&action=page translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is medium. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators&lrm;, 06:37, 18 Agosti 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Minorax@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Translation notification: Template:Blue button == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:Template:Blue button|Template:Blue button]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Template%3ABlue+button&language=sw&action=page translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is medium. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators&lrm;, 10:12, 18 Agosti 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Minorax@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Translation notification: Template:User groups == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:Template:User groups|Template:User groups]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Template%3AUser+groups&language=sw&action=page translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is medium. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators&lrm;, 11:59, 18 Agosti 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Minorax@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Translation notification: Template:Guideline == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:Template:Guideline|Template:Guideline]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Template%3AGuideline&language=sw&action=page translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is medium. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators&lrm;, 01:32, 19 Agosti 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Minorax@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Translation notification: Keeping events safe == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:Keeping events safe|Keeping events safe]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Keeping+events+safe&language=sw&action=page translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is medium. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators&lrm;, 03:18, 19 Agosti 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Minorax@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Translation notification: Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Trust and Safety == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Trust and Safety|Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Trust and Safety]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Wikimedia+Foundation%2FLegal%2FCommunity+Resilience+and+Sustainability%2FTrust+and+Safety&language=sw&action=page translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is low. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators&lrm;, 05:39, 19 Agosti 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Minorax@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Translation notification: Wikimedia Argentina == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili na Kiingereza on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:Wikimedia Argentina|Wikimedia Argentina]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Wikimedia+Argentina&language=sw&action=page translate to Kiswahili] * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Wikimedia+Argentina&language=en&action=page translate to Kiingereza] The priority of this page is low. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators&lrm;, 07:09, 20 Agosti 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Minorax@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Translation notification: Amical Wikimedia == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:Amical Wikimedia|Amical Wikimedia]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Amical+Wikimedia&language=sw&action=page translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is low. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators&lrm;, 04:59, 22 Agosti 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Minorax@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Translation notification: Ombuds commission == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:Ombuds commission|Ombuds commission]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Ombuds+commission&language=sw&action=page translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is medium. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators&lrm;, 02:29, 23 Agosti 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Minorax@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Translation notification: WikiGap == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:WikiGap|WikiGap]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-WikiGap&language=sw&action=page translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is low. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators&lrm;, 06:27, 23 Agosti 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Minorax@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Translation notification: Steward requests/Global/block-header == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:Steward requests/Global/block-header|Steward requests/Global/block-header]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Steward+requests%2FGlobal%2Fblock-header&language=sw&action=page&action_source=translation_notification translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is medium. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr">Contains information on how to appeal global blocks.</div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators&lrm;, 12:50, 25 Septemba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Minorax@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Translation notification: Changing username == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:Changing username|Changing username]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Changing+username&language=sw&action=page&action_source=translation_notification translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is medium. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators‎, 10:49, 27 Oktoba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Minorax@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Translation notification: Wiktionary == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:Wiktionary|Wiktionary]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Wiktionary&language=sw&action=page&action_source=translation_notification translate to Kiswahili] <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators‎, 11:52, 13 Desemba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Minorax@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Translation notification: Ombuds commission/2019/CU Global Procedure on information disclosure == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:Ombuds commission/2019/CU Global Procedure on information disclosure|Ombuds commission/2019/CU Global Procedure on information disclosure]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Ombuds+commission%2F2019%2FCU+Global+Procedure+on+information+disclosure&language=sw&action=page&action_source=translation_notification translate to Kiswahili] <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators‎, 12:29, 22 Desemba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:MdsShakil@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Translation notification: Deoband Community Wikimedia/News == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:Deoband Community Wikimedia/News|Deoband Community Wikimedia/News]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Deoband+Community+Wikimedia%2FNews&language=sw&action=page&action_source=translation_notification translate to Kiswahili] <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators‎, 17:33, 27 Desemba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Aafi (DCW)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Translation notification: Template:Policy-cross-project == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:Template:Policy-cross-project|Template:Policy-cross-project]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Template%3APolicy-cross-project&language=sw&action=page&action_source=translation_notification translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is medium. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators‎, 09:12, 30 Desemba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Minorax@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Translation notification: Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2024-2025/Product & Technology OKRs == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2024-2025/Product & Technology OKRs|Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2024-2025/Product & Technology OKRs]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Wikimedia+Foundation+Annual+Plan%2F2024-2025%2FProduct+%26+Technology+OKRs&language=sw&action=page&action_source=translation_notification translate to Kiswahili] <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators‎, 08:07, 26 Januari 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Minorax@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Tungependa kusikia kuhusu uzoefu wako kuhusu Akaunti za Muda == <section begin="body"/> [[File:Temporary Accounts - first edit popup.png|thumb]] '''[https://wikimedia.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_e2MNLeWJU89pNTo Utafiti huu hautachukua zaidi ya dakika 5 kukamilisha.]''' Timu ya Trust & Safety Product hivi karibuni iliunda [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|akaunti za muda]] zinapatikana kwenye miradi ya wiki 12. Kuna mipango ya kupanua hili kwa seti kubwa ya miradi ya wiki katika wiki na miezi ijayo, kisha kufuata mchakato wa kutekeleza kikamilifu baadaye mwaka huu. Ushiriki wako katika utafiti huu utakuwa na manufaa makubwa katika kutusaidia kuelewa jinsi Akaunti za Muda zinavyofanya kazi na kile tunachoweza kuboresha mbele. Sera ya faragha ya utafiti huu inaweza kuonwa [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Temp_Accounts_Minor_Pilots_Survey_Privacy_Statement|kupitia kiungo hiki]]. Kwa kumaliza utafiti huu, unakubali masharti yaliyoainishwa katika sera ya faragha. Asante!<section end="body"/> [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">majadiliano</span>]]) 02:50, 27 Februari 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SGrabarczuk_(WMF)/sandbox/8&oldid=28315571 --> == Translation notification: Help:Unified login == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:Help:Unified login|Help:Unified login]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Help%3AUnified+login&language=sw&action=page&action_source=translation_notification translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is medium. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators‎, 06:05, 23 Machi 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Minorax@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Translation notification: Help:Two-factor authentication == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:Help:Two-factor authentication|Help:Two-factor authentication]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Help%3ATwo-factor+authentication&language=sw&action=page&action_source=translation_notification translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is low. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators‎, 23:50, 3 Aprili 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Minorax@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Translation notification: Tech/News == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:Tech/News|Tech/News]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FNews&language=sw&action=page&action_source=translation_notification translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is low. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators‎, 01:30, 13 Aprili 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Minorax@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Translation notification: Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025/Voter information == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025/Voter information|Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025/Voter information]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Universal+Code+of+Conduct%2FAnnual+review%2F2025%2FVoter+information&language=sw&action=page&action_source=translation_notification translate to Kiswahili] The deadline for translating this page is 2025-04-25. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr">--- Hello, and thank you for the work you do. '''[https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=Centralnotice-tgroup-UCoC_AR_2025_cookie&amp;filter=%21translated&amp;action=translate We request you also translate these two sentences.]''' There are more details below. There is an ongoing community vote - the voter information is in the page linked for translation above. We would appreciate your help to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=Centralnotice-tgroup-UCoC_AR_2025_cookie&amp;filter=%21translated&amp;action=translate translate the two sentence CentralNotice banner], as a priority. If you can also translate the voter information page, I know the folks working on this - including the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) group - would be highly appreciative. ~ In cooperation with the U4C</div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators‎, 15:30, 23 Aprili 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Translation notification: User:Keegan (WMF)/EGCharter closing == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:User:Keegan (WMF)/EGCharter closing|User:Keegan (WMF)/EGCharter closing]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-User%3AKeegan+%28WMF%29%2FEGCharter+closing&language=sw&action=page&action_source=translation_notification translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is medium. The deadline for translating this page is 2025-04-29. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr">If you have some time to translate this message that will be sent to the communities prior to the close of the vote, it would be of great benefit.</div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators‎, 03:18, 26 Aprili 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Translation notification: Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025/Call for candidates == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025/Call for candidates|Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025/Call for candidates]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Universal+Code+of+Conduct%2FCoordinating+Committee%2FElection%2F2025%2FCall+for+candidates&language=sw&action=page&action_source=translation_notification translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is high. The deadline for translating this page is 2025-05-15. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr">I'm sorry for the short notice, details for the election came together at the last minute.</div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators‎, 18:53, 14 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Translation notification: Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025 == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Universal+Code+of+Conduct%2FCoordinating+Committee%2FElection%2F2025&language=sw&action=page&action_source=translation_notification translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is medium. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr">This is the information page of 2025 U4C election. Please help with translation; your contributions will be greatly appreciated.</div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators‎, 15:09, 19 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Hide on Rosé@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-24</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W24"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/24|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product|Trust and Safety Product team]] is finalizing work needed to roll out [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] on large Wikipedias later this month. The team has worked with stewards and other users with extended rights to predict and address many use cases that may arise on larger wikis, so that community members can continue to effectively moderate and patrol temporary accounts. This will be the second of three phases of deployment – the last one will take place in September at the earliest. For more information about the recent developments on the project, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Updates|see this update]]. If you have any comments or questions, write on the [[mw:Talk:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|talk page]], and [[m:Event:CEE Catch up Nr. 10 (June 2025)|join a CEE Catch Up]] this Tuesday. '''Updates for editors''' * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist expiry|watchlist expiry]] feature allows editors to watch pages for a limited period of time. After that period, the page is automatically removed from your watchlist. Starting this week, you can set a preference for the default period of time to watch pages. The [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-watchlist-pageswatchlist|preferences]] also allow you to set different default watch periods for editing existing pages, pages you create, and when using rollback. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T265716] [[File:Talk pages default look (April 2023).jpg|thumb|alt=Screenshot of the visual improvements made on talk pages|Example of a talk page with the new design, in French.]] * The appearance of talk pages will change at almost all Wikipedias ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/19|some]] have already received this design change, [[phab:T379264|a few]] will get these changes later). You can read details about the changes [[diffblog:2024/05/02/making-talk-pages-better-for-everyone/|on ''Diff'']]. It is possible to opt out of these changes [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion|in user preferences]] ("{{int:discussiontools-preference-visualenhancements}}"). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T319146][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T392121] * Users with specific extended rights (including administrators, bureaucrats, checkusers, oversighters, and stewards) can now have IP addresses of all temporary accounts [[phab:T358853|revealed automatically]] during time-limited periods where they need to combat high-speed account-hopping vandalism. This feature was requested by stewards. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386492] * This week, the Moderator Tools and Machine Learning teams will continue the rollout of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2025 RecentChanges Language Agnostic Revert Risk Filtering|a new filter to Recent Changes]], releasing it to several more Wikipedias. This filter utilizes the Revert Risk model, which was created by the Research team, to highlight edits that are likely to be reverted and help Recent Changes patrollers identify potentially problematic contributions. The feature will be rolled out to the following Wikipedias: {{int:project-localized-name-afwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-bewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-bnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-cywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hawwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-iswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kkwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-simplewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-trwiki/en}}. The rollout will continue in the coming weeks to include [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2025 RecentChanges Language Agnostic Revert Risk Filtering|the rest of the Wikipedias in this project]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T391964] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * AbuseFilter editors active on Meta-Wiki and large Wikipedias are kindly asked to update AbuseFilter to make it compatible with temporary accounts. A link to the instructions and the private lists of filters needing verification are [[phab:T369611|available on Phabricator]]. * Lua modules now have access to the name of a page's associated thumbnail image, and on [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/g/operations/mediawiki-config/+/2e4ab14aa15bb95568f9c07dd777065901eb2126/wmf-config/InitialiseSettings.php#10849 some wikis] to the WikiProject assessment information. This is possible using two new properties on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#added-by-extensions|mw.title objects]], named <code dir=ltr>pageImage</code> and <code dir=ltr>pageAssessments</code>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T131911][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380122] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.5|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/24|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W24"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 01:17, 10 Juni 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28846858 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-25</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W25"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/25|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * You can [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/359761?lang=en nominate your favorite tools] for the sixth edition of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award|Coolest Tool Award]]. Nominations are anonymous and will be open until June 25. You can re-use the survey to nominate multiple tools. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:33}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:33|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.6|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * Foundation staff and technical volunteers use Wikimedia APIs to build the tools, applications, features, and integrations that enhance user experiences. Over the coming years, the MediaWiki Interfaces team will be investing in Wikimedia web (HTTP) APIs to better serve technical volunteer needs and protect Wikimedia infrastructure from potential abuse. You can [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2025/06/12/apis-as-a-product-investing-in-the-current-and-next-generation-of-technical-contributors/ read more about their plans to evolve the APIs in this Techblog post]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/25|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W25"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 23:39, 16 Juni 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28870688 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-26</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W26"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/26|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * This week, the Moderator Tools and Machine Learning teams will continue the rollout of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2025 RecentChanges Language Agnostic Revert Risk Filtering|a new filter to Recent Changes]], releasing it to the third and last batch of Wikipedias. This filter utilizes the Revert Risk model, which was created by the Research team, to highlight edits that are likely to be reverted and help Recent Changes patrollers identify potentially problematic contributions. The feature will be rolled out to the following Wikipedias: {{int:project-localized-name-azwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mkwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mrwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-swwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tlwiki/en}}. The rollout will continue in the coming weeks to include [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2025 RecentChanges Language Agnostic Revert Risk Filtering|the rest of the Wikipedias in this project]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T391964] '''Updates for editors''' * Last week, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] were rolled out on Czech, Korean, and Turkish Wikipedias. This and next week, deployments on larger Wikipedias will follow. [[mw:Talk:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|Share your thoughts]] about the project. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T340001] * Later this week, the Editing team will release [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Multi check|Multi Check]] to all Wikipedias (except English Wikipedia). This feature shows multiple [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Reference check|Reference checks]] within the editing experience. This encourages users to add citations when they add multiple new paragraphs to a Wikipedia article. This feature was previously available as an A/B test. [https://analytics.wikimedia.org/published/reports/editing/multi_check_ab_test_report_final.html#summary-of-results The test shows] that users who are shown multiple checks are 1.3 times more likely to add a reference to their edit, and their edit is less likely to be reverted (-34.7%). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T395519] * A few pages need to be renamed due to software updates and to match more recent Unicode standards. All of these changes are related to title-casing changes. Approximately 71 pages and 3 files will be renamed, across 15 wikis; the complete list is in [[phab:T396903|the task]]. The developers will rename these pages next week, and they will fix redirects and embedded file links a few minutes later via a system settings update. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:24}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:24|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was fixed that had caused pages to scroll upwards when text near the top was selected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T364023] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Editors can now use Lua modules to filter and transform tabular data for use with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Extension:Chart]]. This can be used for things like selecting a subset of rows or columns from the source data, converting between units, statistical processing, and many other useful transformations. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Transforms|Information on how to use transforms is available]]. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates] * The <code dir=ltr>all_links</code> variable in [[Special:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]] is now renamed to <code dir=ltr>new_links</code> for consistency with other variables. Old usages will still continue to work. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T391811] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.7|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters/34|Growth newsletter]] is available. It includes: the recent updates for the "Add a Link" Task, two new Newcomer Engagement Features, and updates to Community Configuration. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/26|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W26"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 23:21, 23 Juni 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28870688 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-27</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W27"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/27|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] has been enabled on all Wikipedias. The extension makes it easier to organize and participate in collaborative activities, like edit-a-thons and WikiProjects, on the wikis. The extension has three features: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Collaboration list|Collaboration List]], and [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Invitation list|Invitation List]]. To request the extension for your wiki, visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status#How to Request the CampaignEvents Extension for your wiki|Deployment information page]]. '''Updates for editors''' * AbuseFilter maintainers can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:IPReputation/AbuseFilter variables|match against IP reputation data]] in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilters]]. IP reputation data is information about the proxies and VPNs associated with the user's IP address. This data is not shown publicly and is not generated for actions performed by registered accounts. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T354599] * Hidden content that is within [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Collapsible elements|collapsible parts of wikipages]] will now be revealed when someone searches the page using the web browser's "Find in page" function (Ctrl+F or ⌘F) in supporting browsers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T327893][https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes/hidden#browser_compatibility] * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] A new feature, called [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData/Template discovery|Favourite Templates]], will be deployed later this week on all projects (except English Wikipedia, which will receive the feature next week), following a piloting phase on Polish and Arabic Wikipedia, and Italian and English Wikisource. The feature will provide a better way for new and experienced contributors to recall and discover templates via the template dialog, by allowing users to put templates on a special "favourite list". The feature works with both the visual editor and the wikitext editor. The feature is a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Focus areas/Template recall and discovery|community wishlist focus area]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was fixed that had caused some Notifications to be sent multiple times. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T397103] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.8|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/27|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W27"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 23:41, 30 Juni 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28917415 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-28</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W28"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/28|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Temporary accounts|Temporary accounts]] have been rolled out on 18 large and medium-sized Wikipedias, including German, Japanese, French, and Chinese. Now, about 1/3 of all logged-out activity across wikis is coming from temporary accounts. Users involved in patrolling may be interested in two new documentation pages: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Access to IP|Access to IP]], explaining everything related to access to temporary account IP addresses, and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Repository|Repository]] with a list of new gadgets and user scripts. '''Updates for editors''' * Anyone can play an experimental new game, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/New Engagement Experiments/WikiRun|WikiRun]], that lets you race through Wikipedia by clicking from one article to another, aiming to reach a target page in as few steps and in as little time as possible. The project's goal is to explore new ways of engaging readers. [https://wikirun-game.toolforge.org/ Try playing the game] and let the team know what you think [[mw:Talk:New Engagement Experiments/WikiRun|on the talk page]]. * Users of the Wikipedia Android app in some languages can now play the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/TrivaGame|trivia game]]. ''Which came first?'' is a simple history game where you guess which of two events happened earlier on today's date. It was previously available as an A/B test. It is now available to all users in English, German, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Russian, Arabic, Turkish, and Chinese. The goal of the feature is to help engage with new generations of readers. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/22] * Users of the iOS Wikipedia App in some languages may see a new tabbed browsing feature that enables you to open multiple tabs while reading. This feature makes it easier to explore related topics and switch between articles. The A/B test is currently running in Arabic, English, and Japanese in selected regions. More details are available on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Tabbed Browsing (Tabs)|Tabbed Browsing project page]]. * Bureaucrats on Wikimedia wikis can now use [[{{#special:VerifyOATHForUser}}]] to check if users have enabled [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T265726] * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] A new feature related to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Focus areas/Template recall and discovery|Template Recall and Discovery]] will be deployed later this week to all Wikimedia projects: a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData/Template discovery#Template categories|template category browser]] will be introduced to assist users in finding templates to put in their “favourite” list. The browser will allow users to browse a list of templates which have been organised into a given category tree. The feature has been requested by the community [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Wishes/Select templates by categories|through the Community Wishlist]]. * It is now possible to access watchlist preferences from the watchlist page. Also the redundant button to edit the watchlist has been removed. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Moderator_Tools/Watchlist] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * As part of [[mw:MediaWiki_1.44|MediaWiki 1.44]] there is now a unified built-in Notifications system that makes it easier for developers to send, manage, and customize notifications. Check out the updated documentation at [[mw:Manual:Notifications|Manual:Notifications]], information about migration in [[phab:T388663|T388663]] and details on deprecated hooks in [[phab:T389624|T389624]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.9|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Event:WikidataCon 2025|WikidataCon 2025]], the conference dedicated to Wikidata is now open for [https://pretalx.com/wikidatacon-2025/cfp session proposals] and for [[d:Special:RegisterForEvent/1340|registration]]. This year's event will be held online from October 31 – November 02 and will explore on the theme of "Connecting People through Linked Open Data". '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/28|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W28"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 00:06, 8 Julai 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28930584 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-29</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W29"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/29|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData/Template discovery#Featured templates|Featured templates]], a new feature related to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Focus areas/Template recall and discovery|Template Recall and Discovery]] will be deployed this week to all Wikimedia projects: With this feature, editors will be able to quickly access a list of templates that are likely to be useful. These templates will be displayed in a list, under the "featured" tab of the template discovery interface. Administrators can define the list via the Community Configuration interface. The feature fulfills a request by the community [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Wishes/Easy access Templates|through the Community Wishlist]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T367428][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T392896] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the request to add Malayalam fonts in the [[oldWikisource:Special:MyLanguage/Wikisource:WS Export|Wikisource Book Export Tool]] was resolved and now, the rendering of Malayalam letters in exported Wikisource books are accurate. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374457] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.10|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * Developers, designers, and all Wikimedians are invited to [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/7953/ submit a project idea] for the Wikimania Hackathon 2025. Read [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/06/30/call-for-projects-wikimania-hackathon-2025-is-coming-to-nairobi/ this Diff blog post] for more details. '''Meetings and events''' * [[m:WikiIndaba conference 2025|WikiIndaba 2025]] scholarship application and program submission is open until 23:59 GMT on July 20. WikiIndaba is a regional conference for African Wikimedians both on the continent and in the diaspora to unite and grow together. Submit [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdJTv68R1OPASXXDfpIl8EWiMLTM-TDwh6_5gNVvFuWccFZ2Q/viewform your scholarship application] and [https://ee.kobotoolbox.org/x/BI3omIfH program proposal] now! * [https://br.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiCon_Brasil_2025 WikiCon Brasil 2025] will take place on July 19-20 in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The Brazilian community members are encouraged to register and attend! '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/29|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W29"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 20:10, 14 Julai 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28980963 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-30</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W30"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/30|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The Translation Suggestions feature in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation|Content Translation tool]] now has another level of article filters added to the "[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&filter-type=automatic&filter-id=previous-edits&active-list=suggestions&from=en&to=fi#/ ... More]" category. Translators who use the Suggestions feature can now select and receive article suggestions that are customized to geographical locations of their interest using the new "{{int:Cx-sx-suggestions-filters-tab-regions}}" filter. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T113257] * Administrators can now limit "Add a Link" to newcomers. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|"Add a Link"]] Structured Task [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Constructive activation experimentation#Enwiki A/B test & "Add a Link" Improvements (Wiki Experiences 1.2.11 & 1.2.16)|helps new account holders start editing]], but some communities have requested the ability to restrict it to its intended audience: newcomers. Administrators can configure this setting within the [[Special:CommunityConfiguration/GrowthSuggestedEdits|Community Configuration]] feature. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:29}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:29|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * For AbuseFilter editors on [[phab:T392144|some wikis]], it is now possible to filter edits based on the RevertRisk score of the edit being attempted. It is only populated if the action being evaluated is an edit. For more information, please see the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:ORES/AbuseFilter variables#What variables are available for use|ORES/AbuseFilter variables]] documentation. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Cluster|Beta Cluster]] wikis have [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/YDABPV75LADRQCXMJAFWUP256N4EQ25B/|been moved]] from <code dir=ltr>beta.wmflabs.org</code> to <code dir=ltr>beta.wmcloud.org</code>. Users may need to update URLs in any tools, or in their password managers. Any related issues can be [[phab:T289318|reported in the task]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.11|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiCite 2025|WikiCite 2025]] will take place from 29–31 August, both online and in-person in Bern, Switzerland. The event's goals are to reconnect communities, institutions, and individuals working with open citations, bibliographic data, and the Wikidata/Wikibase ecosystem. Registration is open and the call for proposals will be announced soon. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikidata@lists.wikimedia.org/message/KQZUG3ETKLBWPBYSB2YAWZIRPWHS24TG/] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/30|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W30"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 23:43, 21 Julai 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29005283 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-31</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W31"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/31|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Community Tech team will be focusing on wishes related to Watchlists and Recent Changes pages, over the next few months. They are looking for feedback. Please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates#July 24, 2025: Watchlists and Recent Changes pages|read the latest update]], and if you have ideas, please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist|submit a wish]] on the topic. '''Updates for editors''' * The Wikimedia Commons community has decided to block [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Upload dialog|cross-wiki uploads]] to Wikimedia Commons, for all users without autoconfirmed rights on that wiki, starting on August 16. This is because of [[:c:Commons:Cross-wiki media upload tool/History|widespread problems]] related to files that are uploaded by newcomers. Users who are affected by this will get an error message with a link to the less restrictive UploadWizard on Commons. Please help translating the [[:c:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki:Abusefilter-disallowed-cross-wiki-upload|message]] or give feedback on the message text. Please also update your local help pages to explain this restriction. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370598] * On wikis with temporary accounts enabled and Meta-Wiki, administrators may now set up a footer for the Special:Contributions pages of temporary accounts, similar to those which can be shown on IP and user-account pages. They may do it by creating the page named <code dir=ltr>MediaWiki:Sp-contributions-footer-temp</code>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398347] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.12|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2025:Wikimania|Wikimania 2025]] will run from August 6–9. The [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/schedule/ program is available] for you to plan which sessions you want to attend. Most sessions will be live-streamed, with exceptions for those that show the "no camera" icon. If you are joining online to watch live-streams and use the interactive features, please [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2025:Registration|register]] for a free virtual ticket. For example, you may be interested in technical sessions such as: ** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/KFEFVG/ Temporary Accounts: Enhancing privacy for our unregistered editors] ** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/TVCVAB/ Building a Sustainable Future for Wikimedia Contributors] ** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/WTRQCJ/ A dozen visions for wikitext!] ** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/8YKKP9/ Coordinate Across Stakeholders with the Product and Technology Advisory Council] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Fall 2025|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference, Fall 2025]] will be held 28–30 October 2025 in Hanover, Germany. This event is organized by and for the third-party MediaWiki community. You can propose sessions and register to attend. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/31|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W31"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 00:27, 29 Julai 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29051727 --> == Translation notification: Incident Reporting System == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta. The page [[:metawikipedia:Incident Reporting System|Incident Reporting System]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Incident+Reporting+System&language=sw&action=page&action_source=translation_notification translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is medium. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta translation coordinators‎, 03:53, 2 Agosti 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Minorax@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-32</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W32"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/32|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Editors can now enable the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Anti-abuse signals/User Info|User Info card]]. This feature adds an icon next to usernames on history pages and similar user-contribution log pages. When you tap or click on the icon, it displays data related to that user account such as the number of edits, reverted edits, blocks, and more. It's part of a broader project to make it easier for moderators to evaluate account trustworthiness. The feature can be enabled in [[testwiki:Special:GlobalPreferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|your global preferences]], and later this week it will be available in local preferences. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386439] * Everybody is invited to share comments on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Collaborative contributions|Collaborative Contributions]], a project recently launched by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Connection Team|Connection team]]. The project aims to create a new way to display the impact of collaborative editing activities (such as edit-a-thons, backlog drives, and WikiProjects) on the wikis. Post your comments on the [[m:Talk:CampaignEvents/Collaborative contributions|project talk page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378035] * Administrators can now define the default block duration for temporary accounts. To do that, they need to create a page named <code dir=ltr>MediaWiki:Ipb-default-expiry-temporary-account</code> and use a value defined in <code dir=ltr>MediaWiki:Ipboptions</code>. This allows administrators to easily block temporary accounts for 90 days, which is functionally equivalent to an indefinite block. The advantage of this solution is that it does not clutter Special:BlockList. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Block and unblock#Default block duration options|More documentation]] is available. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398626] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Gadgets can now include <code dir=ltr>.vue</code> files. This makes it easier to develop modern user interfaces using [[mw:Vue.js|Vue.js]], in particular using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex|Codex]], the official design system of Wikimedia. [[wmdoc:codex/latest/icons/overview.html|Codex icons]] can be loaded through the gadget definition. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets#Pages|The documentation]] has examples. For user scripts that use Vue.js, an [[mw:API:CodexIcons|API module]] now exists to load Codex icons. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T340460][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T311099] * Module developers can now use a [[mw:Help:Extension:Translate/Message Bundles/Lua reference|Lua interface]] to simplify the preparation of Lua modules for translation on Meta-Wiki. This improvement makes it easier for translators to find and edit module strings without dealing with raw Lua code. It helps prevent mistakes that could break the module during translation. Module developers and translators are invited to [[commons:File:Translatable modules video demo July 2025.webm|watch the demo video]], read more about [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Translatable modules|translatable modules]] to understand how it works, refer to Meta-Wiki's [[m:Module:User Wikimedia project|Module:User Wikimedia project]] for example usage, and [[mw:Talk:Translatable modules|share their feedback]] on how well it addresses the challenges in their workflow. The interface still has some performance issues, so it should not be used in widely used modules yet. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T359918] * Developers of external tools that connect to Wikimedia pages must set a user-agent that complies with [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Wikimedia Foundation User-Agent Policy|the user-agent policy]]. This policy will start to be more strongly enforced in August because of external crawlers that are [[diffblog:2025/04/01/how-crawlers-impact-the-operations-of-the-wikimedia-projects/|overusing]] Wikimedia's resources. Tools that are hosted on Wikimedia's Toolforge or Cloud VPS will not be affected by this for now, but should still set a user-agent. [[phab:T400119|More technical details are available]], and related questions are welcome in that task. * Parsoid Read Views is going to be rolling out to some smaller Wikipedias over the next few weeks, following the successful transition of Wikivoyages and Wiktionaries to Parsoid Read Views. For more information, see the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parsoid/Parser Unification]] project page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/profile/7694/] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.13|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2025:Wikimania|Wikimania 2025]] will run from August 6–9. The [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/schedule/ program is available] for you to plan which sessions you want to attend. Most sessions will be live-streamed, with exceptions for those that show the "no camera" icon. If you are joining online to watch live-streams and use the interactive features, please [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2025:Registration|register]] for a free virtual ticket. For example, you may be interested in technical sessions such as: ** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/GEH9DH/ Wikimedia’s knowledge infrastructure in a changing internet: Establishing sustainable pathways for content reuse] ** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/7ELN9Q/ Wikifunctions is coming soon to a wiki near you!] ** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/ZMGVJV/ Shaping the Future of Wikipedia’s Reader Experience] ** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/KCKTFZ/ Making Wikipedia More Readable: What Comes Next] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/32|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W32"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 03:41, 5 Agosti 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29083927 --> == Wito wa kupiga kura kwa ajili ya [[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu]] - awe msimamizi wa kusano == Ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]], unaombwa kupiga kura juu ya kumpatia uwezo wa ukabidhi/usimamizi wa kusano katika ukurasa wa [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi#Msimaizi wa KUSANO - Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu]]. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 08:01, 7 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-33</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W33"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/33|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The WikiEditor toolbar now includes [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:WikiEditor#Keyboard shortcuts|its keyboard shortcuts]] in the tooltips for its buttons. This will help to improve the discoverability of this feature. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T400583] * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] published a set of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/August 2025 draft PTAC proposals for feedback|proposed experiments]] the Wikimedia Foundation can try to improve communication with community. Feedback on the proposals are welcomed until August 22 on [[m:Talk:Product and Technology Advisory Council/August 2025 draft PTAC proposals for feedback|this talk page]]. * The search bar on the Minerva skin (mobile) has been updated to use the same type-ahead search component that is used on the Vector 2022 skin. There are no changes in search functionality but there are minor visual changes. Specifically, the close-search button has been changed from an "X" to a back arrow. This helps to distinguish it from the other "X" button that is used to clear any text. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T393944] * Editors on some wikis will see a new toggle for "Group results by page" on watchlist, related changes, and recent changes pages. This is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Watchlist/Experiment|an A/B experiment]] that is planned to start on August 11, and will run for 3–6 weeks on the Bengali, Chinese, Czech, French, Greek, Portuguese, and Urdu Wikipedias. The experiment will examine how making this feature more discoverable might affect editors' ability to find the edits they are looking for. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T396789] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The multiwiki datasets of [[:wikt:en:Module:Unicode data|Unicode data]] have been moved to [[c:Category:Unicode Module Datasets|Category:Unicode Module Datasets]] on Wikimedia Commons, to follow the idea of "One common data source, multiple local wikis". Most wikis have been updated to use the Commons version. You can ask questions at [[c:Category talk:Unicode Module Datasets|the talkpage]]. [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Module_talk:Unicode_data#Data_from_commons] * Lua code can add warnings when something is wrong, by using the <code dir=ltr>mw.addWarning()</code> function. It is now possible to add more than one warning, instead of new warnings replacing old ones. If you maintain a Lua module that used warnings, you should check it still works as expected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398390] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.14|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/33|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W33"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 23:30, 11 Agosti 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29106516 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-34</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W34"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/34|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Later this week, people who are logged-in and have the "[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Feature summary|Discussion tools]]" [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Beta Feature]] enabled will gain the ability to "Thank" individual comments directly from talk pages, rather than needing to navigate to page history. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Feature summary#Comment actions|Learn more about this feature]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T400849] * An A/B test comparing two versions of the desktop donate link launched on testwiki on 12 August and on English Wikipedia 14 August for 0.1% of logged out users on the desktop site. The experiment will run for three weeks, ending on 12 September. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T395716] * An A/A test to measure the baseline for reader retention was launched 12 August using [[wikitech:Experimentation Lab|Experimentation Lab]]. This measures the percentage of users who revisit a wiki after their initial visit over a 14-day period. No visual changes are expected. The experiment will run through 31 August. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399227] * Five new wikis have been created: ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikisource/en}} in [[d:Q34057|Tagalog]] ([[s:tl:|<code>s:tl:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T388639] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikisource/en}} in [[d:Q36213|Madurese]] ([[s:mad:|<code>s:mad:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T391747] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia/en}} in [[d:Q3450749|Rakhine]] ([[w:rki:|<code>w:rki:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T392490] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikibooks/en}} in [[d:Q13324|Minangkabau]] ([[b:min:|<code>b:min:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T395452] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wiktionary/en}} in [[d:Q7598268|Standard Moroccan Amazigh]] ([[wikt:zgh:|<code>wikt:zgh:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399684] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:46}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:46|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.15|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/34|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W34"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 00:39, 19 Agosti 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29127690 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-35</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W35"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/35|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Template authors can now use additional CSS properties, since the CSS sanitizer used by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateStyles|TemplateStyles]] was updated. For example: <code>width: fit-content</code>; <code>ruby-align</code>; relative units such as <code>lh</code>; and custom strings in <code>list-style-type</code>. These improvements are a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Wishes/Allow use of modern CSS in templates by updating the TemplateStyles CSS sanitizer|Community Wishlist wish]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T271958][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T277755][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T293633][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T295088][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T326906][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T340057][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T360725][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T371809][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375344][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T394619] * On large wikis, the default time period to display edits from, within the Special:RecentChanges page, has been changed from 7 days to 1 day. This is part of a performance improvement project. This should have no user-facing impact due to the quantity of edits on these wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399455] * Administrators can now access the [[{{#special:BlockedExternalDomains}}]] page from the [[{{#special:CommunityConfiguration}}]] list page. This makes it easier to find. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T393240] * Wikimedia Commons videos were not shown in the Videos tab in Google Search. The problem was investigated and reported to Google who have now fixed the issue. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T396168][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Community_Wishlist/Wishes/Do_something_about_Google_%26_DuckDuckGo_search_not_indexing_media_files_and_categories_on_Commons] * One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wiktionary/en}} in [[d:Q33014|Betawi]] ([[wikt:bew:|<code>wikt:bew:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402130] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:39}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:39|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Two fields of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Recentchanges table|recentchanges database table]] are being removed. <code>rc_new</code> and <code>rc_type</code> are being removed in favor of <code>rc_source</code>. Queries to these older fields will start to fail starting this week and developers should use <code>rc_source</code> instead. These older fields were deprecated over 10 years ago and should not be in use. This is part of work to improve the performance and stability of queries to the recentchanges table. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T400696] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.16|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/July|Language and Internationalization Newsletter]] is now available. This edition includes: support for new languages in MediaWiki and translatewiki; the start of the Language Onboarding and Development project to help support the growth of new and small wikis; updates on research projects; and more. '''Meetings and events''' * The next [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Community meetings#29 August 2025|Language Community Meeting]] is happening soon, August 29th at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1756479600 15:00 UTC]. This week's meeting will cover: the Avro keyboard developers from Wikimedia Bangladesh, who were recently awarded a national award for their contributions to this keyboard; and other topics. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/35|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W35"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 00:13, 26 Agosti 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29175124 --> == Translation notification: Template:Affiliate recognition pause notice 2025 == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta-Wiki. The page [[:metawikipedia:Template:Affiliate recognition pause notice 2025|Template:Affiliate recognition pause notice 2025]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Template%3AAffiliate+recognition+pause+notice+2025&language=sw&action=page&action_source=translation_notification translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is low. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta-Wiki to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta-Wiki translation coordinators‎, 15:33, 30 Agosti 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Minorax@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-36</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W36"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/36|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Editing team wants to compile a list of templates, jargon terms, and policies used in edit summaries when a copyright violation is removed. This will help them identify the number of edits reverted due to copyright issues. We invite community members from the following Wikis to list these terms in [[Phab:T402601|T402601]], or to share their list with [[User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek_(WMF)]]: {{int:project-localized-name-arwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-cswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-dewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-enwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-eswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-fawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-frwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-idwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-itwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-jawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-plwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ptwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-trwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ukwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-viwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-zhwiki/en}}. This project is open until September 9th 2025. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] has been enabled for all Wikisources. The extension makes it easier to organize and participate in collaborative activities, like edit-a-thons and WikiProjects, on the wikis. The extension has three features: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Collaboration list|Collaboration List]], and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Connection Team/Invitation list|Invitation List]]. To request the extension for your wiki, visit the Deployment information page. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/CampaignEvents/Deployment_status#How_to_Request_the_CampaignEvents_Extension_for_your_wiki] * The lists in the footer of the editing interface, such as "Templates used on this page," will now be organized into columns when there is enough space. This enhancement minimizes scrolling when editing lengthy articles on Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401066] * On September 3rd, 2025 we will increase the sampling percentages of our [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Watchlist/Experiment#Scope of the experiment|group by toggle experiment]] of the <code>Special:RecentChanges</code>, <code>Special:Watchlist</code>, and <code>Special:RelatedChanges</code> pages on the Chinese, French, and Portuguese Wikipedias to 100 percent, allowing more editors to be part of this experiment. This adjustment is intended to ensure we have sufficient data to make informed decisions when evaluating the experiment results. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402958][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T396789] * Upon clicking an empty search bar, logged-out users will see suggestions of articles for further reading on English Wikipedia beginning the week of September 22. The feature will be available on both desktop and mobile. All non-English wikis received this change in June and July. The goal is to make it easier for users to find articles. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Content Discovery Experiments/Search Suggestions|Learn more]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:37}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:37|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.17|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * Wikifunctions now has a new capability called "lightweight enumeration types", an enumeration type is simply a fixed set of values that's in the type's definition. This capability makes it quick and easy to define such a type, and allows for the reuse of values that are already present in Wikidata. Here is [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-07-19|a newsletter]] to learn more. * The latest [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Newsletter updates#August 2025: Newsletter #1|Readers Newsletter]] is now available. This edition includes: the formation of two new teams — Reader Growth and Reader Experience; insights into declining pageviews and account creations; highlights from the Wikimania Nairobi panel on improving the reading experience; upcoming experiments to engage new and existing readers; and more. '''Meetings and events''' * Spotlight on some Wikimania 2025 Sessions: ** Identifying AI-generated text by searching for ISBNs whose checksums fail: Mathias Schindler of WMDE [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dw9o8Lsl974&t=15910s shared tools to help communities search for these]. ** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/TCHZKH/ La durabilité du mouvement Wikimedia face aux défis actuels et futurs]: This session explored how Wikimedia can stay a trusted source of knowledge in the age of generative AI, information overload, and disinformation. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/36|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W36"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 20:51, 1 Septemba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29196010 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-37</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W37"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/37|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Editing team is working on a new check: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Paste check|Paste check]]. This check informs newcomers who paste text into Wikipedia that the content might not be accepted. This check is an effort to increase the likelihood that the new content people are adding to Wikipedia is aligned with the Movement's commitment to offering information under a free content license. This check will soon be tested at a few wikis. If your community is interested in this test, please [[phab:T403680|tell us in this task]], or [[mw:Talk:Edit check|contact the team]]. '''Updates for editors''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Later this week, users of the "{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}" [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]] will be able to use a [[w:en:Lint (software)|linting tool]] to see errors or other potential problems in wikitext in real time. See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Linting|help page for more information]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T381577] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] When browsing a wiki (like <code dir=ltr>en.wikipedia.org</code>), the software responds in one of two ways: a desktop page, or a redirect to a mobile version on an "m" domain (like <code dir=ltr>en.m.wikipedia.org</code>). Over the next three weeks, MediaWiki will start displaying the mobile version to mobile devices directly on the standard domain, without this redirect. This change does not affect existing m-dot URLs, or the "Desktop view" opt-out. [[mw:Requests for comment/Mobile domain sunsetting/2025 Announcement|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T214998] * When an edit changes the categories of a page, the changes to the category membership counts are now happening asynchronously. This improves the speed of saving edits, especially when moving many pages to or from the same category, and reduces the risk of site outages, but it means that the counts can show outdated information for a few minutes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T365303] * Edits on Wikidata to qualifiers (properties and values) and references (properties and values) in a Wikidata item statement will now not add entries to the RecentChanges or Watchlist pages on all other Wikis. This is a temporary change to improve performance while other solutions are created. Wikidata's own pages remain unchanged. [[m:Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects/Reduce change propagation noise#Phase 1: Turn off (temporarily) Qualifiers and References Wikidata edits to the Recent Changes tables|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401286][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T400698] * Japanese-language wikis have had a major upgrade to the way that search works. The new search should generally give more accurate and more relevant search results. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T318269] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.18|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/37|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W37"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 01:15, 9 Septemba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29238161 --> == Translation notification: Meta:Deletion policy == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta-Wiki. The page [[:metawikipedia:Meta:Deletion policy|Meta:Deletion policy]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Meta%3ADeletion+policy&language=sw&action=page&action_source=translation_notification translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is low. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta-Wiki to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta-Wiki translation coordinators‎, 07:07, 15 Septemba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Minorax@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-38</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W38"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/38|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * References lists that are made using the <code dir=ltr><nowiki><references/></nowiki></code> [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Cite#references-tag|tag]] will now automatically display with columns in Vector 2022 when readers are using its 'standard' settings for text-size and page-width. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334941] * Starting in the week of October 6, on [[git:operations/mediawiki-config/+/a2d2aaab9ace84280dd2f4c70a33bb69cd73850f/dblists/small.dblist|small wikis]] and [[git:operations/mediawiki-config/+/a2d2aaab9ace84280dd2f4c70a33bb69cd73850f/dblists/medium.dblist|medium wikis]] that have the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] enabled, all autoconfirmed users will be able to use [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]] as an organizer. No changes will be made for [[git:operations/mediawiki-config/+/a2d2aaab9ace84280dd2f4c70a33bb69cd73850f/dblists/large.dblist|large wikis]] unless requested in Phabricator. This change is being made to make it easier for more people to use Event Registration, especially on wikis that are less likely to have policies related to the Event Organizer right. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Proposal to grant autoconfirmed users on small and medium wikis the organizer access to the event registration tool|Learn more]]. * Users that search using regular expressions (regex) can now use additional features including: ** for the <code dir=ltr>intitle:</code> keyword: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:CirrusSearch#Metacharacters|metacharacters]] for start-of-line (<code dir=ltr>^</code>) and end-of-line (<code dir=ltr>$</code>) anchors [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T317599] ** for both <code dir=ltr>intitle:</code> and <code dir=ltr>insource:</code> keywords: shorthand [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:CirrusSearch#Character_Classes|character classes]] for digits (<code dir=ltr>\d</code>), whitespace (<code dir=ltr>\s</code>), and word characters (<code dir=ltr>\w</code>); and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:CirrusSearch#Escape codes|escape codes]] for line feed (<code dir=ltr>\r</code>), newline (<code dir=ltr>\n</code>), tab (<code dir=ltr>\t</code>), and unicode (e.g. <code dir=ltr>\uHHHH</code>). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T403212] * When you search for text that looks like an IP, the system will now show search results. It used to take you to the contributions for that IP instead of showing search results. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T306325] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on September 24. This is planned at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1758726000 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests which happen twice a year. You can [[diffblog:2025/03/12/hear-that-the-wikis-go-silent-twice-a-year/|read more about the background and details of this process on the Diff blog]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:24}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:24|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was fixed that affected users who used the page-tabs to switch from wikitext editing of a section into the visualeditor. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401043] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The MediaWiki Interfaces team is redesigning the Wikimedia REST API Sandbox with Codex. If you have feedback on improvements for the API documentation or what makes developer experiences smooth (or frustrating), you’re invited to [https://calendar.google.com/calendar/u/0/appointments/schedules/AcZssZ2aZzbXeQvjOF7gB1fJXiwAYemQjKf4sXNaRODPA7_obFyNBwkzNkoVCoTF-aeov89kIjXHbCQm join an upcoming discovery interview], or [[mw:MediaWiki Interfaces Team/Developer Feedback/Wikimedia Web APIs|leave feedback onwiki]]. [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/C4FBAOA57PH6G5ORVMAUF5TGYBLZDU5Q/|Learn more]]. * Edits to Wikidata aliases (an alternative name for an item or a property) will now be shown in RecentChanges and Watchlist entries on other wikis less often, reducing unnecessary notifications. This will reduce the overall quantity of 'noisy' entries. Wikidata's own pages remain unchanged. [[m:Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects/Reduce change propagation noise#Phase 1: More granular Alias tracking|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401288] * The new [https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode17.0.0/ Unicode 17.0] version has been released. The [[:c:Category:Unicode Module Datasets|datasets on Commons]] for the [[:d:Q39301585|Module:Unicode data]] have been updated. Wikipedias that do not use the Commons datasets should either update their own data or switch to the Commons datasets. * Users of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise|Wikimedia Enterprise]] Structured Contents endpoints can now access [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/parsed-wikipedia-tables/ Parsed Tables]. The new Parsed Tables feature extracts and represents Wikipedia tables in structured JSON. This improves machine accessibility as part of the [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/api/structured-contents/ Structured Contents initiative]. Structured Contents output is freely available through the [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/docs/on-demand/#article-structured-contents-beta On-demand API], or through Wikimedia Cloud Services. * A [https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/wikimedia-foundation/english-wikipedia-people-dataset dataset of English Wikipedia biographical information] from [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise|Wikimedia Enterprise]] has been published on Kaggle, for evaluation and research. This provides structured data from more than 1.5 million biographies, including birth and death dates, education, affiliations, careers, awards, and more (from a June 2024 snapshot). * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.19|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2026:Scholarships|Scholarship applications]] for Wikimania 2026 in Paris, France, are open until October 31. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/38|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W38"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 17:08, 15 Septemba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29263921 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-39</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W39"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/39|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1758726000 On September 24th at 15:00 UTC], all Wikimedia sites users will experience a brief read-only period due to a scheduled [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|datacenter server switchover]]. The Wikimedia Foundation's Site Reliability Engineering (SRE) team will redirect all traffic from one primary server to its backup. You can listen to the switchover using the [http://listen.hatnote.com/ "Listen to Wikipedia"] tool, where you will hear edits stop for a few minutes during the read-only phase, then resume. This twice-yearly datacenter server switchover ensures reliability by testing the backup datacenter, so that our sites can stay online even if the primary datacenter fails. You can [[diffblog:2025/03/12/hear-that-the-wikis-go-silent-twice-a-year/|read more about the process on the Diff blog]]. '''Updates for editors''' * Editors of [[f:Special:Mylanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-09-12#Next round of Wiktionaries to receive embedded Wikifunctions calls|60 more Wiktionaries]] will soon be able to call [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Introduction|functions from Wikifunctions]] and integrate them into their pages. A function takes one or more inputs and transforms them into a desired output, like adding numbers, converting miles to meters, calculating elapsed time, or declining a word into a case. They will join the other [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-08-29#Wikifunctions available on 65 Wiktionaries|65 Wiktionary language editions]], which already have access to embedded Wikifunctions calls. Later this year, plans are in place to expand to more Wiktionaries and the Incubator. * A new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#Technical metadata of another page|parser function]] has been added: <code><nowiki>{{#contentmodel}}</nowiki></code>. Template editors and admins can use it to get the localized or canonical name of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:ChangeContentModel|content model]] of a specific page. The function makes it easier to create and edit system messages, such as ''MediaWiki:editinginterface'', even when you switch types of pages, like wiki, JavaScript, CSS or JSON page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328254] * Adding or editing a <code>DISPLAYTITLE</code> for an article using VisualEditor will no longer be broken. Editors who use VisualEditor mode to modify the <code><nowiki>{{DISPLAYTITLE}}</nowiki></code> would no longer have the literal text "DISPLAYTITLE" or its localized variant added to their articles. A list of pages that may have been affected and might need cleanup is documented in [[phab:P83438|this ticket]]. * Beta users of the Wikipedia Android app can now try the redesigned [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/Activity Tab Experiment|Activity tab]], which replaces the Edits tab. The new tab offers personalized insights into reading, editing, and donation activity, while simplifying navigation and making app use more engaging. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:12}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:12|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.20|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * Wikifunctions users can now import many essential facts involving [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Z6011|geo-coordinates]], [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Z6010|quantities]] and [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Z6064|time]] values from Wikidata. This is made possible by the creation of Wikifunctions types for these values, which makes them available for use by functions in Wikifunctions. Learn more about how this works in [[c:File:ImportingWikidataDatatypesIntoWikifunctions.webm|this video]] and Wikifunctions' [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-08-01#News in Types I: Wikidata quantity|August 1 newsletter]] (for quantities) and [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-08-22#News in Types: Wikidata geo-coordinate|August 22 newsletter]] (for geo-coordinates). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/39|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W39"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 22:56, 22 Septemba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29305556 --> == Translation notification: Wikimedia Foundation website == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta-Wiki. The page [[:metawikipedia:Wikimedia Foundation website|Wikimedia Foundation website]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Wikimedia+Foundation+website&language=sw&action=page&action_source=translation_notification translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is low. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta-Wiki to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta-Wiki translation coordinators‎, 05:47, 29 Septemba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Minorax@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-40</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W40"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/40|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * A major software upgrade has been made to [[phab:|Phabricator]]. The update introduces performance improvements, a refreshed search interface, enhancements to Maniphest task search, updates to user profile pages and project workboards, new Herald automation features, as well as general text input, mobile experience improvements and more. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/phame/post/view/321/iterative_improvements_september_2025/] '''Updates for editors''' * The Community Tech team will release the new Community Wishlist extension on October 1, that will improve the way wishes will be submitted. The new extension will allow users to add tags to their wishes to better categorise them, and (in a future iteration) to filter them by status, tags and focus areas. It will also be possible to support individual wishes again, as requested by the community in many instances. The old system will be retired. There will be a brief period of downtime while the extension is deployed and wishes are migrated to the new system. You can read more about this [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates|in the latest update]] or you can consult the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CommunityRequests|current documentation on MediaWiki]]. * As announced [[diffblog:2025/09/02/better-detecting-bots-and-replacing-our-captcha/|on Diff blog]], the production trial of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Anti-abuse signals/hCaptcha|hCaptcha]] service for bot detection has begun. The trial is currently using hCaptcha to protect account creation on Chinese, Persian, Portuguese, Indonesian, Japanese, and Turkish Wikipedias, where it will replace our existing [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:ConfirmEdit#FancyCaptcha|CAPTCHA]] (FancyCaptcha). The goal with the trial is to better block bots while also improving usability and accessibility for users who encounter CAPTCHA challenges. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents]] extension has been [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status|deployed]] to Wikimedia Commons. The extension makes it easier to organize and participate in collaborative activities, like edit-a-thons and WikiProjects, on the wikis. On Commons, anyone who is a registered user can use it as an event participant. To use it as an organizer, someone needs to have the [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Event organizers|event organizer right]]. * [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]], a new feature to re-use references with different details has been released to German Wikipedia. You can [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#test|test the feature]] on testwiki or [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/wiki/Sub-referencing on betawiki] as well. Please share your thoughts on [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Templates used in sub-references|using templates in sub-references]] or [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Pilot wikis|volunteer to become a pilot wiki]]. * On wikis using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Mentorship|Mentorship]] system, communities can now opt experienced editors out of Mentorship through [[{{#special:CommunityConfiguration/Mentorship}}]]. Within this setting, communities may define thresholds, based on edit count and account age, to decide when an editor is considered experienced enough to no longer receive Mentorship. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T403563] * The Editing Team and the Machine Learning Team are working on a new check for newcomers: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tone Check|Tone check]]. Using a prediction model, this check will encourage editors to improve the tone of their edits, using artificial intelligence. We invite volunteers to review the first version of the Tone language model for the following languages: Arabic, Czech, German, Hebrew, Indonesian, Dutch, Polish, Russian, Turkish, Chinese, Farsi, Italian, Norwegian, Romanian and Latvian. Users from these wikis interested in reviewing this model are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit_check/Tone_Check/Model_evaluation|invited to sign up at MediaWiki.org]]. The deadline to sign up is on October 3, which will be the start date of the test. * The rollout of [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manage blocks|multiblocks]] had the side effect that non-active block logs may have been shown on {{#special:Contributions}} and on blocked users' user and user_talk pages. This issue will be fully resolved in a few days. As part of the fix, [{{fullurl:Special:Allmessages|prefix=sp-contributions-blocked-notice}} messages prefixed with <code>sp-contributions-blocked-notice</code>] will be removed and replaced with [{{fullurl:Special:Allmessages|prefix=blocked-notice-logextract}} those prefixed with <code>blocked-notice-logextract</code>] in a few weeks. Please help translate the new messages and update any local overrides if needed. * There was a bug with links added using visual editor if they included characters such as <code dir=ltr><nowiki>[ ] |</nowiki></code> after the fragment identifier (<code><nowiki>#</nowiki></code>). They were not encoded properly creating an incorrect link. This has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T404823] * One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikiquote/en}} in [[d:Q9237|Malay]] ([[q:ms:|<code>q:ms:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T404698] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Anti-abuse signals/User Info|User Info Card]] now displays currently active global lock/blocks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401128] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Later this week, editors using Lua modules will be able to use the <code>[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#mw.title.newBatch|mw.title.newBatch]]</code> function to look up the existence of up to 25 pages at once, in a way that only increases the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Parser functions#Expensive parser functions|expensive function]] count once. * A new [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group|Unsupported Tools Working Group]] has been formed as part of ongoing efforts to collectively determine technical work priorities, similar to the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product & Technology Advisory Council]] (PTAC). The working group will help prioritize and review requests for support of unmaintained extensions, gadgets, bots, and tools. For the first cycle, the group will be prioritizing an unsupported Wikimedia Commons tool. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.21|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/40|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W40"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 20:54, 29 Septemba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29355230 --> ==Rangi nyekundu== Ndugu, usiogope rangi hiyo: inachochea utungaji wa makala na jamii mpya, kama hiyo ya wanasayansi wa Masedonia Kaskazini. Siku yoyote mimi au mwingine ataianzisha na mhusika ataonekana mara moja. Lakini ukiondoa jamii nyekundu, hata tukianzisha jamii hiyo mhusika huyo hatakumbukwa! Mimi nabana matumizi ya muda kwa kuanzisha mfululizo jamii nyingi zinazofanana, si mojamoja. Nadhani umenielewa. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:53, 5 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-41</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W41"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/41|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#paste|Paste Check]] is a new Edit Check feature to help avoid and fight copyright violations. When editors paste text into an article, Paste Check prompts them to confirm the origin and licensing of the content. Starting Wednesday, 8 October, [[phab:T403680|22 wikis will test Paste Check]]. Paste Check will help new volunteers understand and follow the policies and guidelines necessary to make constructive contributions to Wikipedia projects. '''Updates for editors''' * Mobile devices will receive mobile articles directly on the standard domain (like <code>en.wikipedia.org</code>), instead of via a redirect to an "m" domain (like <code>en.m.wikipedia.org</code>). This change improves performance. This week it will be enabled on Wikipedias. The existing mobile URLs and the "Desktop view" opt-out remain available. [[mw:Requests for comment/Mobile domain sunsetting/2025 Announcement|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T214998] * New [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:CirrusSearch#creationdate and lasteditdate|date filters]], <code dir=ltr>creationdate:</code> and <code dir=ltr>lasteditdate:</code>, are now available in the wiki search engine. This allows users to filter search results by a page's first or last revision date. The filters support comparison operators (e.g. <code dir=ltr>>2024</code>) and relative dates (e.g. <code dir=ltr>today-1d</code>), making it easier to find recently updated content or pages within specific age ranges. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T403593] * [[f:|Wikifunctions]] now supports rich text in embedded calls across the 150 wikis where it's enabled. To showcase this, the team created a [[f:Z26333|Latin declination table]] that Wiktionary editors can use to automatically generate noun forms, producing clear, formatted results — see an [[f:Wikifunctions:Embedded function calls/Wiktionary tables demonstration|example output]]. If you need any help or have any feedback, please [[f:Wikifunctions:Project chat|contact the Wikifunctions Team]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T397402] * An edit link will now appear inside the categories box on article pages for logged in users, which will directly launch the VisualEditor category dialog. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T291691] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:34}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:34|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, there was a problem downloading pdf files last week and that has been resolved. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T405957] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The field <code dir=ltr>rev_sha1</code> in the revision database table is being removed in favor of <code dir=ltr>content_sha1</code> in the content database table. See [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/cloud@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/2D2M3SP4WHR6BXXKTZ2PBLZQYR3EGQVR/ the announcement] for more information. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web|Reader Experience team]] will roll out [[w:en:Light-on-dark color scheme|Dark Mode]] user interface on all Wikimedia sites on October 29, 2025. All anonymous users of Wikimedia sites will have the option to activate a color scheme that features light-colored text on a dark background. This is designed to provide a more comfortable reading experience, especially in low-light situations. Template authors and technical contributors are encouraged to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading/Updates/2024-04|learn how to make pages ready for Dark mode]] and address any compatibility issues found in templates in their wiki before the enablement. Please contact the Web team for questions or any support on [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading#|this talk page]] before the enablement. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T395628] * Starting on Monday, October 6, API endpoints under the <code>rest.php</code> path will be rerouted through a new internal API Gateway. Individual wikis will be updated based on the standard release groups, with total traffic increased over time. This change is expected to be non-breaking and non-disruptive. If any issues are observed, please file a Phabricator ticket to the [[phab:tag/serviceops/|Service Ops team board]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T400130] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.22|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/41|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W41"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 17:24, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29400897 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-42</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W42"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/42|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Last week, improvements to account security and two-factor authentication (2FA) features were enabled across all wikis. These changes include user interface improvements for [https://auth.wikimedia.org/metawiki/wiki/Special:AccountSecurity Special:AccountSecurity], the support of multiple 2FA methods via authenticator apps and portable security keys (previously users could only enable one method), and a new Recovery Codes module which facilitates fewer account lockouts due to lost two-factor apps and devices. As part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] project, work is continuing through the rest of 2025 on further user experience improvements, and support for passkeys as an alternate second factor. '''Updates for editors''' * Another part of the Account security project is making 2FA generally available to all users. Along with editors with advanced privileges, such as administrators and bureaucrats, 40% of editors now have access to 2FA. You can check if you have access at [https://auth.wikimedia.org/metawiki/wiki/Special:AccountSecurity Special:AccountSecurity]. Instructions for activation are on the linked page. The plan is to continue increasing availability if it is determined that the user support capabilities are able to support global usage. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T400579] * This week, users at wikis where talk page [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability|Usability Improvements]] are already available by default (everywhere ''except'' the 12 wikis listed in [[phab:T379264|T379264]]) will gain the ability to Thank a comment directly from the talk page it appears on. Before this change, Thanking could only be done by visiting the revision history of the talk page. You can [[diffblog:2025/10/13/revolutionizing-gratitude-a-new-era-of-thanking-comments/|learn more about this change]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366095] * Users who have not [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-personal-email|verified their email address]] will soon be receiving monthly Notification reminders to do so. This is because users who have verified their email can more easily recover their account. These reminders will not be sent if the user is inactive or removes the unverified email from their account. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Email_confirmation][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T58074] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a fix was made for an occasional error with saving translated paragraphs in the Content Translation tool, and the related error messages are now easier to see. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T376531] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The Unsupported Tools Working Group has chosen [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons|Video2Commons]] as the first tool for its pilot cycle. The group will explore ways to improve and sustain the tool over the coming months. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group|Learn more on Meta]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.23|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/42|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W42"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:00, 13 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29434481 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-43</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W43"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/43|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * To optimize how user data is stored in our databases, the saved preferences of users who haven't logged in for over five years and have fewer than 100 edits will be cleared. When those users return, default settings will apply. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406724] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, there was a broken link from the GlobalContributions interface message to the XTools GlobalContributions page which has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406415] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The work to reroute all traffic to API endpoints under the <code dir=ltr><nowiki>rest.php</nowiki></code> route through a common API gateway is now complete. If any issues are observed, please file a phabricator ticket to the [[phab:tag/serviceops/|Service Ops team board]]. * Edits to Wikidata references or qualifiers will now be shown in RecentChanges and Watchlist entries on other wikis less often, reducing unnecessary notifications. This will reduce the overall quantity of 'noisy' entries. Wikidata's own pages remain unchanged. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401290] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.24|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/43|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W43"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:37, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29478670 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-44</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W44"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/44|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The Wikipedia iOS app has launched an A/B/C test of improvements made to the tabbed browsing feature for select regions and languages. The test, named “More dynamic tabs”, explores new tab experiences and includes “Did you know” and “Because you read” article recommendations. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Tabbed Browsing (Tabs)/New Tab Experience and Recommendations Experiment|read more on the project page]]. * Autoconfirmed users on [[git:operations/mediawiki-config/+/a2d2aaab9ace84280dd2f4c70a33bb69cd73850f/dblists/small.dblist|small]] and [[git:operations/mediawiki-config/+/a2d2aaab9ace84280dd2f4c70a33bb69cd73850f/dblists/medium.dblist|medium wikis]] with the CampaignEvents extension can now use [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]] without the Event Organizer right. This feature lets organizers enable registration, manage participants, and lets users register with one click instead of signing event pages. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue of flashing colors when holding or pressing the arrow keys under the dark mode settings in Vector 2022 has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402285] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The CampaignEvents extension will be deployed to all remaining wikis during the week of 17 November 2025. The extension currently includes three features: Event Registration, Collaboration List, and Invitation List. For this rollout, Invitation List will not be enabled on Wikifunctions and MediaWiki unless requested by those communities. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status|Visit the deployment page to learn more]]. * The SwaggerUI-based REST sandbox experience is now live on all wiki projects. The sandbox can be accessed through the [[{{#special:RestSandbox}}]] page. Please report any issues to the MediaWiki Interfaces team board, or join the discussion on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Interfaces Team/Feature Feedback/REST Sandbox|project launch]] page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/6931/] * Transform endpoints with a trailing slash path in the MediaWiki REST API are now marked as deprecated. They will remain functional during this time, but removal is expected by the end of January 2026. All API users currently calling them are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. Both endpoint variations can be found and tested using the [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?api=mw-extra&title=Special%3ARestSandbox REST Sandbox]. See the [[mw:API/Deprecation|MediaWiki REST API Deprecation]] page for more detailed information about the API deprecation policies and procedures. * A dedicated [[mw:API:REST API/Changelog|changelog now exists for the MediaWiki REST API]]. The changelog provides an overview of these changes, making it easier for developers to keep track of improvements and iterations. Announcements will also continue to flow through the standard communication channels, including Tech News and email distribution lists, but can now be more easily referenced from a central location. If you have feedback about the style, structure, or content of this changelog, please [[mw:API talk:REST API/Changelog|join the discussion]]. * Administrators can delete the tracking category which was previously added by the JsonConfig extension, as it is no longer used. See the categories linked from [[d:Q130635582#sitelinks-wikipedia|Q130635582]]. It is OK if there are still pages listed in the category as that is just a caching issue, and they will be automatically cleared out the next time each page is edited. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378352] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.25|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/44|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W44"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:32, 27 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29513638 --> == Translation notification: Template:AffCom == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta-Wiki. The page [[:metawikipedia:Template:AffCom|Template:AffCom]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Template%3AAffCom&language=sw&action=page&action_source=translation_notification translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is low. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta-Wiki to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta-Wiki translation coordinators‎, 04:55, 30 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Minorax@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-45</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W45"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/45|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Administrators will now find that [[{{#special:MergeHistory}}]] is now significantly more flexible about what it can merge. It can now merge sections taken from the middle of the history of the source (rather than only the start) and insert revisions anywhere in the history of the destination page (rather than only the start). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T382958] * For users with "{{int:discussiontools-preference-autotopicsub}}" [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|enabled in their preferences]], starting a new topic or adding a reply to an existing topic will now subscribe them to replies to that topic. Previously, this would only happen if the DiscussionTools "{{int:Skin-action-addsection}}" or "{{int:Discussiontools-replybutton}}" widgets were used. When DiscussionTools was originally launched existing accounts were not opted in to automatic topic subscriptions, so this change should primarily affect newer accounts and users who have deliberately changed their preferences since that time. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T290778] * Scribunto modules can now be used to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#SVG library|generate SVG images]]. This can be used to build charts, graphics and other visualizations dynamically through Lua, reducing the need to compose them externally and upload them as files. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T405861] * Wikimedia sites now provide all anonymous users with the option to enable a dark mode color scheme, featuring light-colored text on a dark background. This enhancement aims to deliver a more enjoyable reading experience, especially in dimly lit environments. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T395628] * Users with large watchlists have long faced timeouts when editing [[Special:EditWatchlist|Special:EditWatchlist]]. The page now loads entries in smaller sections instead of all at once due to a paging update, allowing everyone to edit their watchlists smoothly. As part of the database update, sorting by expiry has been removed because it was over 100× slower than sorting by title. A [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Community_Wishlist/W454 community wish] has been created to explore alternative ways to restore sort-by-expiry. If this feature is important to you, please support the wish! [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T41510] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the fixing of the persisting highlighting when using VisualEditor find and replace during a query. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T407318] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Since 2019 the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia URL Shortener|Wikimedia URL Shortener]] at https://w.wiki is available for all Wikimedia wikis to create short links to articles, permalinks, diffs, etc. It is available in the sidebar as "Get shortened URL". There are 30 wikis that also install an older "ShortUrl" extension. The old extension will soon be removed. This means <code>/s/</code> URLs will not be advertised under article titles via HTML <code dir=ltr>class="title-shortlink"</code>. The <code>/s/</code> URLs will keep working. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T107188] * On Thursday, October 30, the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Interfaces Team|MediaWiki Interfaces]] and [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Site Reliability Engineering|SRE Service Operations]] teams began rerouting Action API traffic through a common API gateway. Individual wikis will be updated based on the standard release groups, with total traffic increased over time. This change is expected to be non-breaking and non-disruptive. If any issues are observed, please file a Phabricator ticket to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/tag/serviceops/ Service Ops team] board. * MediaWiki Train deployments will pause for the final two weeks of 2025: 22 December and 29 December. Backport windows will also pause between Monday, 22 December 2025 and Thursday, 2 January 2026. A backport window is a scheduled time to add things like bug fixes and configuration changes. There are seven deployment trains remaining for 2025. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/SMWTEAES4SDLDUSK4HMWNBSKNCXZAWYN/] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.26|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * In 2025, the Wikimedia Foundation reported that AI systems and search engines increasingly use Wikipedia content without driving users to the site, contributing to an 8% drop in human pageviews compared to 2024. After detecting bots disguised as humans, Wikimedia updated its traffic data to reflect this shift. Read more about current user trends on Wikipedia in [[diffblog:2025/10/17/new-user-trends-on-wikipedia/|a Diff blog post]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/45|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W45"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:35, 3 Novemba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29552512 --> == Translation notification: Template:Cat main == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta-Wiki. The page [[:metawikipedia:Template:Cat main|Template:Cat main]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Template%3ACat+main&language=sw&action=page&action_source=translation_notification translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is low. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta-Wiki to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta-Wiki translation coordinators‎, 06:12, 6 Novemba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Minorax@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-46</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W46"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/46|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' [[File:Talk pages default look (April 2023).jpg|thumb|alt=Screenshot of the visual improvements made on talk pages|Example of a talk page with the new design, in French.]] * Starting November 12, users will see a change in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Feature summary#Usability improvements|appearance of talk pages]] on [[Phab:T379264|some Wikipedias]]. Almost [[phab:T392121|all wikis]] have received this design change; [[phab:T409297|English Wikipedia]] will get these changes later. You can read more [[diffblog:2024/05/02/making-talk-pages-better-for-everyone/|on ''Diff'']]. Users can opt out of these changes [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|in their user preferences]] in "{{int:discussiontools-preference-visualenhancements}}". [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T379264] * MediaWiki can now display a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Protection indicators|page indicator]] automatically while a page is protected. This feature is disabled by default. It can be enabled by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Requesting wiki configuration changes|community request]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T12347] * Using the "{{int:showpreview}}" or "{{int:showdiff}}" buttons in the wikitext editor will now carry over certain URL parameters like '[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Parameters to index.php#useskin|useskin]]', '[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Parameters to index.php#uselang|uselang]]' and '[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Section#Editing sections|section]]'. This update also fixes an issue where, if the browser crashed while previewing an edit to a single section, saving this edit could overwrite the entire page with just that section’s content. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T62744][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T24029][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T155097] * Wikivoyage wikis can use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer#Markers and counters|colored map markers in the article text]]. The text of these markers will now be shown in contrasting black or white color, instead of always being white. Local workarounds for the problem can be removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T369454] * The Activity tab in the Wikipedia Android app is now available for all users. The new tab offers personalized insights into reading, editing, and donation activity, while simplifying navigation and making app use more engaging. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Apps/Team/Android/Activity_Tab_Experiment] * The Reader Growth team is launching an experiment called "Image browsing" to test how to make it easier for readers to browse and discover images on Wikipedia articles. This experiment, a mobile-only A/B test, will go live on English Wikipedia in the week of November 17 and will run for four weeks, affecting 0.05% of users on English wiki. The test launched on November 3 on Arabic, Chinese, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese wikis, affecting up to 10% of users on those wikis. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Readers/Reader_Growth/WE3.1.3_Image_Browsing] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example the inability to lock accounts on mobile sites has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T256185] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[wikitech:Help talk:Toolforge/Toolforge standards committee#November 2025 committee nominations|Nominations are open on Wikitech]] for new [[wikitech:Help:Toolforge/Toolforge standards committee|Toolforge standards committee]] members. The committee oversees the Toolforge [[wikitech:Help:Toolforge/Right to fork policy|Right to fork policy]] and [[wikitech:Help:Toolforge/Abandoned tool policy|Abandoned tool policy]] among other duties. Nominations will remain open through 2025-11-28. * The [[w:JSON Web Token#Standard fields|JWT issuer field]] in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OAuth/For Developers#OAuth 2|OAuth 2 access tokens]] for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Unified login|SUL wikis]] has been changed to <code><nowiki>https://meta.wikimedia.org</nowiki></code>. Old access tokens will still work. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399199] * The [[w:JSON Web Token#Standard fields|JWT subject field]] in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OAuth/For Developers#OAuth 2|OAuth 2 access tokens]] will soon change from <code><user id></code> to <code dir=ltr style="white-space:nowrap">mw:<identity type>:<user id></code>, where <code><identity type></code> is typically <code dir=ltr>CentralAuth:</code><!-- not a typo --> (for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Unified login|SUL wikis]]) or <code dir=ltr style="white-space:nowrap">local:<wiki id></code> (for other wikis). This is to avoid conflicts between different user ID types, and to make OAuth 2 access tokens and the <code>sessionJwt</code> cookie more similar. Old access tokens will still work. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399199] * MediaWiki's block messages ([[MediaWiki:Blockedtext|blockedtext]], [[MediaWiki:Blockedtext-partial|blockedtext-partial]], [[MediaWiki:Autoblockedtext|autoblockedtext]], [[MediaWiki:Systemblockedtext|systemblockedtext]], [[MediaWiki:Blockedtext-tempuser|blockedtext-tempuser]], [[MediaWiki:Autoblockedtext-tempuser|autoblockedtext-tempuser]]) now support additional parameters indicating whether the user is blocked from editing their own user talk page <code><nowiki>$9</nowiki></code> or emailing other users <code><nowiki>$</nowiki><nowiki>10</nowiki></code>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T285612] * A <code>REL1_45</code> branch for MediaWiki core and each of the extensions and skins in Wikimedia git has been created. This is the first step in the release process for MediaWiki 1.45.0, scheduled for late November 2025. If you are working on a critical bug fix or working on a new feature, you may need to take note of this change. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/ZUY7TY3Z6XPZWZVAZV63OPO5OW52Q6GE/] * The process for generating CirrusSearch dumps has been updated due to slowing performance. If you encounter any issues migrating to the replacement dumps, please contact the Search Platform Team for support. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366248][https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/3KQPOR6ACVN6OVLMLZPIBXQSWQKW4E3K/] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.2|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/46|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W46"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 20:38, 10 Novemba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29606150 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-47</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W47"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/47|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] is experimenting with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/WE3.3.4_Reading lists|reading lists on mobile web]], allowing logged-in readers with no edits to save private lists of articles for later. The experiment is running on Arabic, Chinese, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese Wikipedias since the week of 10 November, and will begin on English Wikipedia the week of 17 November. * Users who can’t receive their email verification code during login can now get help by submitting a form on a new special page. This update is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] initiative. If your account has an email address, please make sure you still have access to it. When logging in from a new device or location without 2FA, you may be asked to enter a 6-digit code sent by email to finish logging in. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security#Why are you requiring me to enter a code from my email to log in? Can I opt out of this?|Learn more]]. * One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikisource}} in [[d:Q13324|Minangkabau]] ([[s:min:|<code>s:min:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T408317] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * As part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parser Unification]] project, the Content Transform Team rolled out Parsoid as the default parser to many low-traffic Wikipedias and is preparing the next step to high traffic ones. This message is an invitation for you to opt-in to Parsoid, as described in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration|Extension:ParserMigration]] documentation, and identify any issues you might encounter with your own workflow using bots, gadgets, or user scripts. Please, let us know through the ''"Report Visual Bug"'' link in the Tools sidebar or create a phab ticket and tag the [[phab:project/view/5846|Content Transform Team in Phabricator]]. * Unsupported Tools: Several issues with [[:c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons|Video2Commons]] have been fixed, including filename-related upload failures, black-video imports, and retry handling. AV1 support has also been added. Ongoing work focuses on backend stability, ffmpeg errors, subtitle imports, metadata handling, and playlist uploads. To track specific tasks, check the [[phab:tag/video2commons/|Phabricator board]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.3|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * Save the date for the next Wikimedia Hackathon happening in Milan, Italy from May 1–3, 2026. Registration will open in January 2026. [https://pretix.eu/wikimedia/Hackathon-2026/ Scholarship applications are currently open], and will close on November 28, 2025. If you have any questions, please email <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">hackathon@wikimedia.org</bdi>. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/47|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W47"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 17:26, 17 Novemba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29627455 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-48</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W48"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/48|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Last week, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Search Platform|Wikimedia Search Team]] recreated the "DWIM" (Do What I Mean) gadget functionality server-side, for Russian and Hebrew Wikipedias. This feature adds cross-keyboard suggestions to the standard search-box suggestions. For example, searching for ''<span lang="und" dir="ltr">cxfcnmt</span>'' on Russian Wikipedia will now add suggestions for ''<span lang="ru" dir="ltr">счастье</span>'' ("happiness") that the user probably intended. They plan to enable this feature for other Russian and Hebrew wikis this week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T408734] * Later this week, users of the "{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}" [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]] will have syntax highlighting available in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]]. This requires that the "{{int:discussiontools-preference-sourcemodetoolbar}}" preference be set. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T407918] * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|Campaign events extension]] – the set of tools for coordinating events and other on-wiki collaborations has now been deployed to all Wikimedia wikis. A new feature known as [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Collaborative contributions|Collaborative contribution]] to help organizers and participants see the impact of activities has also been added. Join the upcoming [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Connection learning session 3|learning session]] to see the new feature in action and share your feedback. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:24}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:24|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug which stopped CodeReviewBot from working, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T410417] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Users of Wikimedia API can join a usability study to help validate the new design of Wikimedia REST API sandboxes. Interested participants should fill the [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/487662 recruitment survey]. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/IREJRRWTZTGCYWQHDMSNJFTQAEPOOAE3/] * The MediaWiki Interfaces team is deprecating XSLT stylesheets within the Action API. Support for <code dir=ltr>format=xml'''&xlst={stylesheet}'''</code> will be removed from Wikimedia projects by the end of November, 2025. In addition, it will soon be disabled by default in MediaWiki release versions: v1.43 (LTS), v1.44, and v1.45. Support for XSLT stylesheets will be fully removed from MediaWiki v1.46 (expected to release between April and May 2026). [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/5AX7UWAVVUNUSBOIRHMNOKWOZ5EZI3JX/] * The WDQS legacy endpoint ([https://query-legacy-full.wikidata.org/ query-legacy-full.wikidata.org]) will be decommissioned at the end of December 2025, and finally closed down on 7th January 2026. After this date, users should expect requests to query.wikidata.org that require the full graph to fail or return invalid results if they are not rewritten to use SPARQL federation. The team encourages users to ensure that tools and workflows use the supported WDQS endpoints (<span dir=ltr><nowiki>https://query.wikidata.org/</nowiki></span> - Main graph or <span dir=ltr><nowiki>https://query-scholarly.wikidata.org/</nowiki></span> - Scholarly graph). For support with migrating use cases, please review the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Data_access|Data Access]] and [[d:Wikidata:Request_a_query|Request a Query]] pages for details and assistance on alternative access methods. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.4|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/48|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W48"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 15:57, 24 Novemba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29702226 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-49</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W49"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/49|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The Wikipedia Year in Review 2025 will be available on December 2 for users of iOS and Android Wikipedia apps, featuring new personalized insights, updated reading highlights, and refreshed designs. Learn more on the review's [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Wikipedia Year in Review/Updates|project page]]. * The Growth team is working on improving the text and presentation of the Verification Email sent to new users to make them more welcoming, useful and informative. Some new text have been drafted for A/B testing and you can help by translating them. See [[phab:T396155|Phabricator]]. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]] will now be deployed at Japanese, Urdu and Chinese Wikipedias on December 2. Add a link is based on a prediction model that suggests links to be added to articles. While this feature has already been available on most Wikipedias, the prediction model could not support certain languages. A new model has now been developed to handle these languages, and it will be gradually rolled out to other Wikipedias over time. If you would like to know more, please contact [[mw:user:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:34}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:34|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where search boxes on some Commons pages showed no results due to switch from SpecialSearch to MediaSearch, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399476] * Two new wikis have been created: ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q36846|Toki Pona]] ([[w:tok:|<code>w:tok:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T404457] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikiquote}} in [[d:Q33655|Nigerian Pidgin]] ([[q:pcm:|<code>q:pcm:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T408318] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.5|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The Wikimedia Foundation is in the early stages of exploring approaches to '''Article guidance'''. The initiative aims to identify interventions that could help new editors easily understand and apply existing Wikipedia practices and policies when creating an article. The project is in the exploration and early experimental design phase. All community members are encouraged to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|learn more]] about the project, and share their thoughts on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Article guidance|the talk page]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/49|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W49"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 18:58, 1 Desemba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29732328 --> == Translation notification: Help:Two-factor authentication == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta-Wiki. The page [[:metawikipedia:Help:Two-factor authentication|Help:Two-factor authentication]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Help%3ATwo-factor+authentication&language=sw&action=page&action_source=translation_notification translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is medium. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta-Wiki to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta-Wiki translation coordinators‎, 03:09, 6 Desemba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Minorax@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-50</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W50"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/50|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Anybody who wishes to secure their user account can now use [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]] (2FA). This is available to all registered users of all Wikimedia projects. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] initiative. Later, 2FA will be required for all users who can take security- or privacy-sensitive actions. '''Updates for editors''' * Following last week's deployments, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]] feature, which allows editors to add suggested links during editing, will be available to an additional [[Phab:T410469|33 Wikipedias]] starting on 9 December. This expansion is possible thanks to the new prediction model that now supports all languages, including those that were previously not covered. While the feature has been available on most Wikipedias for some time, this rollout brings us closer to using the improved model everywhere. If you have any questions or would like more details please contact [[mw:user:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]]. * Last week, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Search Platform|Search Platform team]] added [[w:en:Transliteration|transliterated]] as-you-type search suggestions to Georgian wikis. If there are only a few regular search suggestions, then queries in Latin or Cyrillic script [[phab:T127003|are now rewritten into Georgian script]] to look for more matches. For example, searching for either <bdi lang="ka-Latn" dir="ltr">''bedniereba''</bdi> or <bdi lang="ka-Cyrl" dir="ltr">''бедниереба''</bdi> will now suggest the existing article about <bdi lang="ka" dir="ltr">ბედნიერება</bdi> ("happiness"). You can recommend other languages where transliterated suggestions would be useful [[phab:T375215|on Phabricator]] for future development. * Later this week, a controlled experiment will begin for editors on the 100 largest Wikipedias who are editing a section in the mobile web visual editor. 50% of these editors will notice a new "Edit full page" button that will enable them to expand their editing session to the whole page. This feature is intended to make it easier for people on mobile web to edit any article section, regardless of which section-edit icon they tapped to begin. The experiment will last ~4 weeks. You can find [[phab:T409112|more details]] about the project. * Later this week, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth|Reader Growth team]] will launch a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/WE3.1.14 Expanded Mobile Sections|mobile web experiment]] to expand all article sections by default (currently they are collapsed by default) and pin the section header the user is currently reading to the top of the page. The experiment will affect 10% of users on Arabic, Chinese, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese Wikipedias. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409485] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Wikipedia Year in Review/2025 Year in Review|Wikipedia Year in Review 2025]], a feature in the Wikipedia mobile apps (iOS and Android) that provides users with a personalised summary of their engagement with Wikipedia over the year, is now available on the iOS and Android apps. This edition includes expanded personalised insights, improved reading highlights, new donor messaging, and updated designs. Open the app to view your Year in Review and explore your reading journey from 2025. * A recent software bug caused edits made with VisualEditor to make unintended changes to wikitext, including removing whitespace and replacing spaces with underscores in wikilinks inside citations. This was partially fixed last week, and further fixes are in progress. Editors who used VisualEditor between November 28 and December 2 should review their edits for unexpected modifications. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411238] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the incorrect handling of URLs copied from the address bar of Microsoft Edge users, has been resolved. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341281] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Starting this week, users of the "{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}" [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]] will have [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] as the editor for Lua, JavaScript, CSS, JSON and Vue content models, instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]]. With this, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Linting|linters]] will be upgraded. This is part of a larger effort to eventually replace CodeEditor and provide a consistent code editing experience. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373711] * Developers are encouraged to take the [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/552643 2025 Developer Satisfaction Survey], which remains open until 5 January 2026. If you build software for the Wikimedia ecosystem and would like to share your experiences or feedback, your participation is greatly appreciated. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/W4WBKO6Q55UWWCCSFWQATKEXBEHP3QNR/] * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/50|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W50"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 17:46, 8 Desemba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29738112 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-51</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W51"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/51|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:18}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:18|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, one of the fixes addressed an issue for temporary accounts adding an external URL, which triggered an hCaptcha request in more cases than intended, and did not display the required popup on the first attempt to publish the edit. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411927] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * To improve database and site performance, external links to Wikimedia projects will no longer be stored in the database. This means they will not be searchable in [[{{#special:LinkSearch}}]], will not be checked by the Spam Blacklist or AbuseFilter as new links, and will not be in the <code dir=ltr>externallinks</code> table on database replicas. In the future this may be extended to other highly-linked trusted websites on a per-wiki basis, such as Creative Commons links on Wikimedia Commons. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T405005] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.7|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/51|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W51"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:03, 15 Desemba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29796010 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2025-52</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2025-W52"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/52|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * From January, edit filters [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter/Access flags|can be set]] to automatically suppress their details such as rules and list of attempted edits and actions. This will help oversighters use edit filters to prevent doxxing or other suppressible material. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T290324] * The next issue of Tech News will be sent out on 12 January 2026 because of the end of year holidays. Thank you to all of the translators, and people who submitted content or feedback, this year. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:16}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:16|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the crash that occurred when tapping "First Steps" in the Wikipedia Android Year in Review has now been fixed, and the feature opens as expected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411546] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Interface elements such as diffs and categories generated by MediaWiki used to have the attribute <code dir=ltr>data-mw="interface"</code> to distinguish from wiki content. The attribute has been replaced with <code dir=ltr>data-mw-interface=""</code>, to avoid potential conflicts with other <code dir=ltr>data-mw</code> attributes, which are generated by Parsoid. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409187] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] There is no new MediaWiki version this week or next week. '''Meetings and events''' * The [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026|Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026]] will take place on 13-14 March 2026 in Arnhem, the Netherlands. Applications just opened mid-December and will close in mid-January or earlier if capacity is reached. With space for approximately 100 participants, early application is encouraged. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/52|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W52"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 21:45, 22 Desemba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29831856 --> == Kufutwa kwa Jamii:User tok-1 == Habari. Naomba kufahamu kwa nini [[:Jamii:User tok-1]] ilifutwa. Niliunda kwa muundo sawa na [[:Jamii:User sw-1]] na [[:Jamii:User en-1]]: <pre><nowiki>{{Commonscat|User tok-1}} [[Jamii:User tok]] </nowiki></pre> Asante. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Volvox|Volvox]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Volvox|majadiliano]])''' 19:31, 23 Desemba 2025 (UTC) :Kweli umekuwa mkali mno! Usipende kufuta kurasa kwa kuona tu kasoro. Afadhali uzirekebishe na kuelekeza mtumiaji. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 09:12, 24 Desemba 2025 (UTC) ::Amani babu @Riccardo, Kunahaja gani ya kuanzisha jamii ambazo hazina matumizi? nimeona nikawaida ya mwanzirishi kufanya hiki kitendo ambapo anaongeza mzigo tuu kwa wakabidhi. '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy#top|majadiliano]])''' 21:05, 7 Januari 2026 (UTC) :::Mbona jamii hiyo ina kurasa mbili? Ndiyo matumizi! Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 14:44, 8 Januari 2026 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-03</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W03"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product & Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]]. '''Updates for editors''' * As part of the current work of Community Tech team on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W372|Multiple watchlists]] project, the display of [[Special:EditWatchlist|EditWatchlist]] will be updated as a first step towards multiple watchlists. Additionally, the pagination on [[Special:Search|Search]] will be updated too, as a part of the work on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W186|Revamp pagination / page navigation]] wish. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411596] * [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] is a MediaWiki [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that lets you see your watchlists from different wikis on the same page. It was recently updated to look more like the regular [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlist]], such as preparing it for temporary accounts in IP masking (including rerouting user links to contributions pages), making page titles bold, and opening links in edit summaries and tags in new browser tabs. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398361][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T298919][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T273526][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T286309] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where global blocks did not have the option to disable sending emails, has now been fixed, and will be available for use in the week of January 13. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401293] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Citation tool|VisualEditor citation tool]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference Previews|Reference Previews]] now support "map" as a reference type. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411083] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.10|MediaWiki]]/[[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.11|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W03"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:34, 12 Januari 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29907192 --> == Translation notification: Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/Messages/Review open == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta-Wiki. The page [[:metawikipedia:Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/Messages/Review open|Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/Messages/Review open]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Universal+Code+of+Conduct%2FAnnual+review%2FMessages%2FReview+open&language=sw&action=page&action_source=translation_notification translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is medium. The deadline for translating this page is 2026-01-19. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr">This message will be sent to all the wikis to inform communities about their chance to participate in proposing changes to the Universal Code of Conduct. </div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta-Wiki to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta-Wiki translation coordinators‎, 22:30, 14 Januari 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-04</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W04"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The tray shown on [[Special:Diff|Special:Diff]] in mobile view has been redesigned. It is now collapsed by default, and incorporates a link to undo the edit being viewed, making it easier for mobile editors and reviewers to take action while keeping the interface uncluttered. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402297] * [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now automatically determines the text direction (ensuring correct display of sites with unusual domain names) and shows detailed descriptions for log actions. Later this week, a new permanent link for page creations and CSS classes for each entry element will be added. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T412505][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287929][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T262768][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414135] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the previously observed issue in Vector 2022, where anchor link targets were obscured by the sticky header, has now been addressed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406114] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * As mentioned in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/44|October 2025 deprecation announcement]], MediaWiki Interfaces team will begin sunsetting all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the MediaWiki REST API the week of January 26. Changes are expected to roll out to all wikis on or before January 30th. All API users currently calling them are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. Both endpoint variations can be found, compared, and tested using the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox]. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in Phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board]. * Interactive reference documentation for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia REST API|Wikimedia REST API]] has moved. Requests to API docs previously hosted through [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/RESTBase|RESTBase]] (e.g.: <code dir=ltr>https://en.wikipedia.org/api/rest_v1/</code>) are now redirected to the [[w:en:Special:RestSandbox|REST Sandbox]]. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata Platform|WMF Wikidata Platform team]] (WDP) has published its [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Wikidata Platform team/Newsletter|January 2026 newsletter]]. It includes updates on the legacy full-graph endpoint decommissioning, the User-Agent policy change, the monthly Blazegraph migration office hours, and efforts to reduce regressions caused by the legacy endpoint shutdown. As a reminder, you can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/WDP team updates|subscribe to the WDP newsletter]]! * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.12|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * The [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026|Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026]] will take place on 13-14 March 2026 in Arnhem, the Netherlands. Applications opened mid-December and will close soon or when capacity is reached. It's a two-day, technically oriented hackathon bringing together Wikimedians from the region. Hope to see you there! '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W04"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 20:30, 19 Januari 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29943403 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-05</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W05"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Wikimedia Foundation invites comments on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Year1 Reflections and Proposed Way Forward 2026 Update|proposed future]] of the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] until 28 February. * All users with registered accounts can now use passkeys for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]] (2FA). Passkeys are a simple way to log in without using a second device. They verify the user's identity using a fingerprint, face scan, or a PIN code. To set up a passkey, first set up a regular 2FA method. Currently, to log in with a passkey, users must also use a password. Later this quarter, passwordless login will allow users to log in with a single click and a passkey. Users with advanced rights will also be required to have 2FA enabled. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] project. * Unregistered contributors on blocked IPs or blocked IP ranges can now interact on-wiki to appeal a block by creating a temporary account to appeal a block on the user talk page, unless the "prevent this user from editing their own talk page" is enabled. This solves the problem of logged-out users unable to use the default unblock process via user talk page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398673] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) methods description on the management page has been updated. It is now clearer and easier for users to understand and make use of. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332385] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * A new AbuseFilter variable, <code>account_type</code>, has been added to provide a reliable way to determine the account type being created in the <code>createaccount</code> and <code>autocreateaccount</code> actions. As part of this change, the variable <code>accountname</code> has been renamed to <code>account_name</code>, and <code>accountname</code> is now deprecated. Edit filter managers should update any filters that use hardcoded account type checks or the deprecated variable. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414049] * Image thumbnails that are requested in non-standard sizes, and using non-standard methods such as direct requests to <code dir=ltr><nowiki>upload.wikimedia.org/…</nowiki></code> will stop working in the near future. This change is to prevent ongoing external abuse by web-scrapers and bots. Some users with custom CSS/JS, Interface Admins who can fix gadgets and local skins, and Tool-authors, will need to update their code to use standard thumbnail sizes. [[phab:T414805|Details, search-links, and examples of how to fix them, are available in the task]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.13|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W05"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 21:18, 26 Januari 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29969530 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-06</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W06"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The "{{int:pageinfo-toolboxlink}}" feature, which gives validating information about a page ([{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=info}} example]), now automatically includes a table of contents. If there is a local [[{{ns:8}}:Pageinfo-header]] page created by individual users, it can now be removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363726] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, VisualEditor previously added bold or italic formatting inside link descriptions, making the wikicode complex. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409669] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * There was no XML dump on 20 January. Additionally, from now on, dumps will be generated once per month only. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414389] * The MediaWiki Interfaces team removed support for all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/API:REST%20API MediaWiki REST API]. All API users currently calling those endpoints are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.14|MediaWiki]] '''Weekly highlight''' * Users are reminded that the Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product & Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W06"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 17:44, 2 Februari 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30000986 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-07</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W07"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Logged-in contributors who manage large or complex watchlists can now organise and filter watched pages in ways that improve their workflows with the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist labels|Watchlist labels]] feature. By adding custom labels (for example: pages you created, pages being monitored for vandalism, or discussion pages) users can more quickly identify what needs attention, reduce cognitive load, and respond more efficiently. This improves watchlist usability, especially for highly active editors. * A new feature available on [[Special:Contributions|Special:Contributions]] shows [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] that are likely operated by the same person, and so makes patrolling less time-consuming. Upon checking contributions of a temporary account, users with access to temporary account IP addresses can now see a view of contributions from the related temporary accounts. The feature looks up all the IPs associated with a given temporary account within the data retention period and shows all the contributions of all temporary accounts that have used these IPs. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts#February 2026: Improvements to the patroller tooling|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415674] * When editors preview a wikitext edit, the reminder box that they are only seeing a preview (which is shown at the top), now has a grey/neutral background instead of a yellow/warning background. This makes it easier to distinguish preview notes from actual warnings (for example, edit conflicts or problematic redirect targets), which will now be shown in separate warning or error boxes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414742] * The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now properly supports more than one Wikibase site, for example both [[d:|Wikidata]] and [[testwikidata:|testwikidata]]. In addition, issues regarding text direction have been fixed for users who prefer Wikidata or other Wikibase sites in right-to-left (RTL) languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415440][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415458] * The automatic "magic links" for ISBN, RFC, and PMID numbers have been [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic links|deprecated in wikitext since 2021]] due to inflexibility and difficulties with localization. Several wikis have successfully replaced RFC and PMID magic links with equivalent external links, but a template was often required to replace the functionality of the ISBN magic link. There is now a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#isbn|built-in parser function]] <code dir=ltr><nowiki>{{#isbn}}</nowiki></code> available to replace the basic functionality of the ISBN magic link. This makes it easier for wikis who wish to migrate off of the deprecated magic link functionality to do so. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T145604] * Two new wikis have been created: ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q35401|Jju]] ([[w:kaj:|<code>w:kaj:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413283] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q1186896|Nawat]] ([[w:ppl:|<code>w:ppl:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413273] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * A new global user group has been created: [[{{int:grouppage-local-bot}}|{{int:group-local-bot}}]]. It will be used internally by the software to allow community bots to bypass rate limits that are applied to abusive [[w:en:Web scraping|web scrapers]]. Accounts that are approved as bots on at least one Wikimedia wiki will be automatically added to this group. It will not change what user permissions the bot has. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415588] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.15|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Spring 2026|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference, Spring 2026]] will be held March 25–27 in Salt Lake City, USA. This event is organized by and for the third-party MediaWiki community. You can propose sessions and register to attend. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/AZBWVI46SDEB65PGR5J6E4TYOQQEZXM7/] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W07"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 23:31, 9 Februari 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30026671 --> == Translation notification: Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/List of Articles/Culture/1 == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta-Wiki. The page [[:metawikipedia:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/List of Articles/Culture/1|Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/List of Articles/Culture/1]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Wiki+Loves+Ramadan+2026%2FList+of+Articles%2FCulture%2F1&language=sw&action=page&action_source=translation_notification translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is low. The deadline for translating this page is 2026-02-28. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr">Hello! We have a new page for translation: Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/List of Articles/Culture/1. Thank you!</div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta-Wiki to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta-Wiki translation coordinators‎, 11:02, 15 Februari 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Julius 12345@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == Translation notification: Global username policy == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta-Wiki. The page [[:metawikipedia:Global username policy|Global username policy]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Global+username+policy&language=sw&action=page&action_source=translation_notification translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is medium. The deadline for translating this page is 2026-12-31. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr">Hello! We have a new page for translation: Global username policy. Thank you very much!</div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta-Wiki to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta-Wiki translation coordinators‎, 14:25, 15 Februari 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Julius 12345@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-08</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W08"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Site Reliability Engineering|SRE Team]] will be performing a cleanup of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Etherpad|Etherpad]] instance, the web-based editor for real-time collaborative document editing. All pads will be permanently deleted after 30 April, 2026 – if there are still migration projects in progress at that point the team can revisit the date on a case by case basis. Please create local backups of any content you wish to keep, as deleted data cannot be recovered. This cleanup helps reduce database size and minimize infrastructure footprint. Etherpad will continue to support real-time collaboration, but long-term storage should not be expected. Additional cleanups may occur in the future without prior notice. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415237] '''Updates for editors''' * The Information Retrieval team will be launching an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|Android mobile app experiment]] that tests hybrid search capabilities which can handle both semantic and keyword queries. The improvement of on-platform search will enable readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily. The experiment will first be launched on Greek Wikipedia in late February, followed by English, French, and Portuguese in March. [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/01/08/semantic-search-making-it-easier-to-find-the-information-readers-want/ Read more] on Diff blog. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Readers/Information_Retrieval] * The Reader Growth team will run [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/WE3.10.2 Mobile Table of Contents|an experiment]] for mobile web users, that adds a table of contents and automatically expands all article sections, to learn more about navigation issues they face. The test will be available on Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese Wikipedias. * Previously, site notices ([[{{ns:8}}:Sitenotice]] and [[{{ns:8}}:Anonnotice]]) would only render on the desktop site. Now, they will render on all platforms. Users on mobile web will now see these notices and be informed. Site administrators should be prepared to test and fix notices on mobile devices to avoid interference with articles. To opt out, interface admins can add <code dir="ltr">#siteNotice { display: none; }</code> to [[{{ns:8}}:Minerva.css]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T138572][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416644] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:19}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:19|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue on [[Special:RecentChanges|Special:RecentChanges]] has been fixed. Previously, clicking hide in the active filters caused the "view new changes since…" button to disappear, though it should have remained visible. The button now behaves as expected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406339] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * New documentation is now available to help editors debug on-site search features. It supports troubleshooting when pages do not appear in results, when ranking seems unexpected, and when you need to inspect what content is being indexed, helping make search behavior easier to understand and analyze. [[mw:Help:CirrusSearch/Debug|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411169] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.16|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W08"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:17, 16 Februari 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30086330 --> == Translation notification: Event:Queer Women in Arts == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta-Wiki. The page [[:metawikipedia:Event:Queer Women in Arts|Event:Queer Women in Arts]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Event%3AQueer+Women+in+Arts&language=sw&action=page&action_source=translation_notification translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is high. The deadline for translating this page is 2026-02-28. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr">Hello! We have a new page for translation: Event:Queer Women in Arts. Thanks!</div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta-Wiki to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta-Wiki translation coordinators‎, 19:11, 18 Februari 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Julius 12345@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-09</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W09"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Reference Check|Reference Check]] has been deployed to English Wikipedia, completing its rollout across all Wikipedias. The feature prompts newcomers to add a citation before publishing new content, helping reduce common citation-related reverts and improve verifiability. In A/B testing, the impact was substantial: newcomers shown Reference Check were approximately 2.2 times more likely to include a reference on desktop and about 17.5 times more likely on mobile web. [https://analytics.wikimedia.org/published/reports/editing/reference_check_ab_test_report_final_2025.html] '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:InterwikiSorting|InterwikiSorting extension]], which allowed for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interwiki sorting order|sorting of interwiki links]], has been undeployed from Wikipedia. As a result, editors who had enabled interwiki link sorting in non-compact mode (full list format) will now see links reordered. The links moving forward will be listed in the alphabetical order of language code. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T253764] * Later this week, people who are editing a page-section using the mobile visual editor, will notice a new "Edit full page" button. When tapped, you will be able to edit the entire article. This helps when the change you want to make is outside the section you initially opened. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T387175][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409112] * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|The Reader Experience team]] is inviting editors to assess whether dark mode should still be considered "beta" on their wiki, based on their experience of how well it functions on desktop and mobile. If the feature is deemed mature, editors can update the interface messages in <code dir=ltr>MediaWiki:skin-theme-description</code> and <code dir=ltr>MediaWiki:Vector-night-mode-beta-tag</code> to indicate that dark mode is ready and no longer considered beta. * The improved [[mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Team/iOS/Activity_Tab|Activity tab]] which displays user-insights is now available to all users of the Wikipedia iOS app (version 7.9.0 and later). Following earlier A/B testing that showed higher account creation among users with access to the feature, it has been rolled out to 100% of users along with some updates. The Activity tab now shows your edited articles in the timeline, offers editing impact insights like contribution counts and article view trends, and customization options to improve in-app experience for users. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug that prevented [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] from working on mobile has now been fixed, restoring full functionality. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415303] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that makes this possible continues to improve. The latest upgrade is the inclusion of a [[mw:Extension:GlobalWatchlist#hook|new hook]], <code dir=ltr>ext.globalwatchlist.rebuild</code>, which fires after each watchlist rebuild. This allows you to run gadgets and user scripts for the Special page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275159] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.17|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W09"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:04, 23 Februari 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30119102 --> == Translation notification: Mission == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta-Wiki. The page [[:metawikipedia:Mission|Mission]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Mission&language=sw&action=page&action_source=translation_notification translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is medium. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta-Wiki to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta-Wiki translation coordinators‎, 02:15, 28 Februari 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Minorax@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-10</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W10"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Wikipedia 25 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments|Birthday mode]] is now live on Betawi, Breton, Chinese, Czech, Dutch, English, French, Gorontalo, Indonesian, Italian, Luxembourgish, Madurese, Sicilian, Spanish, Thai, and Vietnamese Wikipedias! This limited-time campaign feature celebrates 25 years of Wikipedia with a birthday mascot, Baby Globe. When turned on, Baby Globe is shown on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments/article configuration|~2,500 articles]], waiting to be discovered by readers. Communities can choose to turn Birthday mode on by getting consensus from their community and asking an admin to enable the feature and customize it via [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments#Community Configuration Demo|community configuration]] on the local wiki. '''Updates for editors''' * [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]], a new feature to re-use references with different details has been released to Swedish Wikipedia, Polish Wikipedia and [[:phab:T418209|a couple of other wikis]]. You can [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#test|try the feature]] on these projects or on testwiki and [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/wiki/Sub-referencing betawiki]. Learnings from the first pilot wiki German Wikipedia have been [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/Learnings|published in a report]]. Reach out to the Wikimedia Deutschland team if you are [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Pilot wikis|interested in becoming a pilot wiki]]. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Paste check|Paste Check]] will become available at all Wikipedias this week. The feature prompts newcomers who are pasting text they are not likely to have written into VisualEditor to consider whether doing so risks a copyright violation. Paste Check [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tags|tags]] all edits where it is shown for potential review. Local administrators can configure various aspects of the feature via [[{{#special:EditChecks}}]]. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Paste Check#A/B Experiment|Research]] across 22 wikis found that Paste Check resulted in an 18% decrease in relative reverted-edits compared to the control group. Translators can [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw-editcheck&filter=&optional=1&action=translate help to localize] this and related features. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] will be standardizing the user menu in the top right for all mobile users so that it is closer to the desktop experience. Currently this user menu is only visible to users with Advanced Mobile Controls (AMC) turned on. The only change is that a couple buttons previously in the left-side menu will move to the top right for users who do not have AMC turned on. This change is expected to go out March 9 and seeks to improve the user interface. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413912] * Starting in the week of March 2, the emails sent out when an email address was added, removed, or changed for an account will switch to a substantially nicer and clearer HTML email from the prior plaintext one. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T410807] * Notifications are currently limited to 2,000 historic entries per user, and extend back to 2013 when the feature was released. This is going to be changed to only store Notifications from the last 5 years, but up to 10,000 of them. This will help with long-term infrastructure health and help to prevent more recent notifications from disappearing too soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948] * The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] which lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on a single page continues to see improvements. The latest update improves label usage experience. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] now allows activating the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Language#Fallback languages|language fallback system]] for Wikidata items without labels in the viewed language, and showing those labels in the user’s preferred Wikidata language if no <code dir=ltr>uselang=</code> URL parameter is provided. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373686][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416111] * The Wikipedia Android team has started a beta test of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|hybrid search]] on Greek Wikipedia. Hybrid search capabilities can handle both semantic and keyword queries enabling readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily. * For security reasons, members of certain user groups are [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mandatory two-factor authentication for users with some extended rights|required to have two-factor authentication]] (2FA) enabled. Currently, 2FA is required to use the group, but not to be a member of it. Given that this model still has some vulnerabilities, the situation will [[phab:T418580|gradually change in March]]. Members of these groups will be unable to disable last 2FA method on their account, and it will be impossible to add users without 2FA to these groups. Users will still be able to add new authentication methods or remove them, as long as at least one method is continuously enabled. In the second half of March, users without 2FA will be removed from these groups. This applies to: CentralNotice administrators, checkusers, interface administrators, suppressors, Wikidata staff, Wikifunctions staff, WMF Office IT and WMF Trust & Safety. Nothing will change for other users. See the linked task for deployment schedule. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418580] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue preventing users from creating an instance in [https://www.wikibase.cloud/ Wikibase.cloud] has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416807] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], over the next month the Wikimedia Foundation will implement global API rate limits across our APIs. In early March, stricter limits will be applied to unidentified requests from outside Toolforge/WMCS and API requests that are made from web browsers. In April, higher limits will be applied to identified traffic. These limits are intentionally set as high as possible to minimise impact on the community. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]]. * The Wikidata Query Service Linked Data Fragment (LDF) endpoint will be decommissioned in February. This endpoint served limited traffic, which was successfully migrated to other data access methods that were better suited to support existing use cases. The hardware used to support the LDF endpoint will be reallocated to support the ongoing backend migration efforts. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415696] * The new Parsoid parser [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Updates|continues to be deployed to additional wikis]], improving platform sustainability and making it easier to introduce new reading and editing features. Parsoid is now the default parser on 488 WMF wikis (268 Wikipedias), now covering more than 10% of all Wikipedia page views. * The process and criteria for [[Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise#Access|requesting exceptional access]] to the high volume feed of the ''Wikimedia Enterprise'' APIs (at no cost for mission-aligned usecases), [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Enterprise#Exceptional access criteria|have now been published]]. This is to provide more thorough and clearer documentation for users. * [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/ Tech Blog], the blog dedicated to the Wikimedia technical community [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2026/02/24/a-tech-blog-diff/ will be migrating] to [[diffblog:|Diff]], the community news and event blog. The migration should be complete in April 2026, after which new posts will be accepted for publishing. Readers will be able to access posts – old and new – on the landing page at https://diff.wikimedia.org/techblog. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.18|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W10"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 17:52, 2 Machi 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30137798 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-11</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W11"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies. * Last week, all wikis had 2 hours of read-only time, and extended unavailability for user-scripts and gadgets. This was due to a security incident which has since been resolved. Work is ongoing to prevent re-occurrences. For current information please see the [[m:Steward's noticeboard#Statement on Meta about today's user script security incident|post on the Stewards' noticeboard]] ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Product Safety and Integrity/March 2026 User Script Incident|translations]]). '''Updates for editors''' * Users facing multiple blocks on mobile will now see the reasons for each block separately, instead of a generic message. This helps them understand why they are blocked and what steps they can take to resolve the issue. For example, users affected for using common VPNs (such as [[Special:MyLanguage/Apple iCloud Private Relay|iCloud Private Relay]]) will receive clearer guidance on what they need to do to start editing again. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T357118] * Later this week, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Suggestion Mode]] will become available as a beta feature within the visual editor at all Wikipedias. This feature proactively suggests various types of actions that people can consider taking to improve Wikipedia articles, and learn about related guidelines. The feature is locally configurable, and can also be locally expanded with custom Suggestions. Current settings can be seen at [[Special:EditChecks]] and there are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Suggestion mode#For administrators %E2%80%93 local customization|instructions for how administrators can customize]] the links to point to local guidelines. The feature is connected to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check|Edit check]] which suggests improvements while someone is writing new content. In the future, the Editing team plans to evaluate the feature's impact with newcomers through a controlled experiment. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T404600] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where the cursor became misaligned during the use of CodeMirror’s syntax highlighting, which makes wikitext and code easier to read, has now been fixed. This problem specifically affected users who defined a font rule in a custom stylesheet while creating a new topic with DiscussionTools. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418793] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * API rate limiting update: To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], global API rate limits will be applied this week to requests without a compliant User-Agent that originate from outside Toolforge/WMCS and to unauthenticated requests made from web browsers. Higher limits will be applied to identified traffic in April. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]]. * The new GraphQL API has been released. The API was developed as a flexible alternative to select features of the Wikidata Query Service (WDQS), to improve developer experience and foster adaptability, and efficient data access. Try it out and [[d:Wikidata:Wikibase GraphQL#Feedback and development|give feedback]]. You can also [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/GraphQLAPI/apply sign up for usability tests]. * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group|PTAC Unsupported Tools Working Group]] continued improvements to [[commons:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons#|Video2Commons]] in February, with fixes addressing authentication errors, large-file handling, task queue visibility, and clearer upload behavior. Work is still ongoing in some areas, including changes related to deprecated server-side uploads. Read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group#February 2026|this update]] to learn more. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.19|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The Article Guidance team invites experienced Wikipedia editors from selected [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Pilot wikis and collaborators#Collaborators|pilot wikis]] and interested contributors from other Wikipedias to fill out this questionnaire which is available in [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfmLeVWnxmsCbPoI_UF2jyRcn73WRGWCVPHzerXb4Cz97X_Ag/viewform English], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSd6rzr4XXQw8r4024fE3geTPFe13M_6w7Mitj-YJi0sOlWTAw/viewform?usp=header Arabic], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdok3-RfB18lcugYTUMGkpwmqG_8p760Wv4dCXitOXOszjUDw/viewform?usp=header Bengali], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfjTfYp4jEo0akA4B1e-Nfg3QZPCudUjhJzHzzDi6AHyAaMGA/viewform?usp=header Japanese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScteVoI29Aue4xc72dekk-6RYtvmMgQxzMI900UOawrFrSTWg/viewform?usp=header Portuguese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSetdxnYwL3ub2vqA7awCg5hJZPMIYcDPaiTe12rY9h0GYnVlw/viewform?usp=header Persian], and [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScNvfJF-Ot-4pzA4qAN771_0QDJ4Li19YcUsaTgSKW8Nc7U_Q/viewform?usp=header Turkish]. Your answers will help the team customize guidance for less experienced editors and help them learn community policies and practices while creating an article. Learn more [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|on the project page]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W11"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 18:53, 9 Machi 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30213008 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-12</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W12"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature, also known as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror 6]], has been used for wikitext syntax highlighting since November 2024. It will be promoted out of beta by May 2026 in order to bring improvements and new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Features|features]] to all editors who use the standard syntax highlighter. If you have any questions or concerns about promoting the feature out of beta, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|please share]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259059] * Some changes to local user groups are performed by stewards on Meta-Wiki and logged there only. Now, interwiki rights changes will be logged both on Meta-Wiki and the wiki of the target user to make it easier to access a full record of user's rights changes on a local wiki. Past log entries for such changes will be backfilled in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T6055] * On wikis using [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Flagged Revisions|Flagged Revisions]], the number of pending changes shown on [[{{#Special:PendingChanges}}]] previously counted pages which were no longer pending review, because they have been removed from the system without being reviewed, e.g. due to being deleted, moved to a different namespace, or due to wiki configuration changes. The count will be correct now. On some wikis the number shown will be much smaller than before. There should be no change to the list of pages itself. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413016] * Wikifunctions composition language has been rewritten, resulting in a new version of the language. This change aims to increase service stability by reducing the orchestrator's memory consumption. This rewrite also enables substantial latency reduction, code simplification, and better abstractions, which will open the door to later feature additions. Read more about [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-11|the changes]]. * Users can now sort search results alphabetically by page title. The update gives an additional option to finding pages more easily and quickly. Previously, results could be sorted by Edit date, Creation date, or Relevance. To use the new option, open 'Advanced Search' on the search results page and select 'Alphabetically' under 'Sorting Order'. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T403775] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented UploadWizard on Wikimedia Commons from importing files from Flickr has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419263] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * A new special page, [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}]], has been created to list transcluded pages that are flagged as containing lint errors to help users discover them easily. The list is sorted by the number of transclusions with errors. For example: [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}/night-mode-unaware-background-color]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T170874] * Users of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature have been using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] for syntax highlighting when editing JavaScript, CSS, JSON, Vue and Lua content pages, for some time now. Along with promoting CodeMirror 6 out of beta, the plan is to replace CodeEditor as the standard editor for these content models by May 2026. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|Feedback or concerns are welcome]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] JavaScript modules will soon be upgraded to CodeMirror 6. Leading up to the upgrade, loading the <code dir=ltr>ext.CodeMirror</code> or <code dir=ltr>ext.CodeMirror.lib</code> modules from gadgets and user scripts was deprecated in July 2025. The use of the <code dir=ltr>ext.CodeMirror.switch</code> hook was also deprecated in March 2025. Contributors can now make their scripts or gadgets compatible with CodeMirror 6. See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror#Gadgets and user scripts|migration guide]] for more information. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373720] * The MediaWiki Interfaces team is expanding coverage of REST API module definitions to include [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:REST API/Extensions|extension APIs]]. REST API modules are groups of related endpoints that can be independently managed and versioned. Modules now exist for [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414470 GrowthExperiments] and [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419053 Wikifunctions] APIs. As we migrate extension APIs to this structure, documentation will move out of the main MediaWiki OpenAPI spec and REST Sandbox view, and will instead be accessible via module-specific options in the dropdown on the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox] (i.e., [[{{#Special:RestSandbox}}]], available on all wiki projects). * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto|Scribunto]] extension provides different pieces of information about the wiki where the module is being used via the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual|mw.site]] library. Starting last week, the library also provides a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#mw.site.wikiId|way]] of accessing the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Wiki ID|wiki ID]] that can be used to facilitate cross-wiki module maintenance. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T146616] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.20|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award|2026 Coolest Tool Award]] celebrating outstanding community tools, is now open for nominations! Nominate your favorite tool using the [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/435684?lang=en nomination survey] form by 23 March 2026. For more information on privacy and data handling, please see the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Coolest_Tool_Award_2026_Survey_Privacy_Statement|survey privacy statement]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W12"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:36, 16 Machi 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30260505 --> == Translation notification: Event:Wikipedia & Education User Group Showcase/March 2026 == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta-Wiki. The page [[:metawikipedia:Event:Wikipedia & Education User Group Showcase/March 2026|Event:Wikipedia & Education User Group Showcase/March 2026]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Event%3AWikipedia+%26+Education+User+Group+Showcase%2FMarch+2026&language=sw&action=page&action_source=translation_notification translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is high. The deadline for translating this page is 2026-03-21. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr">Hi translators, The EduWiki Hub is seeking your support to help translate the Meta page for the EduWiki Knowledge Showcase (March 2026) into Portuguese, Spanish, French, Hindi, and Arabic The event will take place on 24 March 2026, and translations will help make it accessible to more communities. Thank you for your support. Kind regards, Barakat, for the EduWiki Hub.</div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta-Wiki to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta-Wiki translation coordinators‎, 12:56, 17 Machi 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:BAdegboye (EdWH)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-13</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W13"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Wikimedia site users can now log in without a password using passkeys. This is a secure method supported by fingerprint, facial recognition, or PIN. With this change, all users who opt for passwordless login will find it easier, faster, and more secure to log in to their accounts using any device. The new passkey login option currently appears as an autofill suggestion in the username field. An additional [[phab:T417120|"Log in with passkey" button]] will soon be available for users who have already registered a passkey. This update will improve security and user experience. The [[c:File:Passwordless_login_screencast.webm|screen recording]] demonstrates the passwordless login process step by step. * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies. '''Updates for editors''' * Wikimedia site users can now export their notifications older than 5 years using a [[toolforge:echo-chamber|new Toolforge tool]]. This will ensure that users retain their important notifications and avoid them being lost based on the planned change to delete notifications older than 5 years, as previously announced. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948] * Wikipedia editors in Indonesian, Thai, Turkish, and Simple English now have access to Special:PersonalDashboard. This is an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Dashboard|early version of an experience]] that introduces newer editors to patrolling workflows, making it easier for them to move from making edits to participating in more advanced moderation work on their project. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402647] * The [[Special:Block]] now has two minor interface changes. Administrators can now easily perform indefinite blocks through a dedicated radio button in the expiry section. Also, choosing an indefinite expiry provides a different set of common reasons to select from, which can be changed at: [[MediaWiki:Ipbreason-indef-dropdown]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401823] * Mobile editors [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#Logged-out|at several wikis]] can now see an improved logged-out edit warning, thanks to the recent updates from the Growth team. These changes released last week are part of ongoing efforts and tests to enhance [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments|account creation experience on mobile]] and then increase participation. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T408484] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:36}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:36|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented mobile web users from seeing the block information when affected by multiple blocks has been fixed. They can now see messages of all the blocks currently affecting them when they access Wikipedia. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Images built using Toolforge will soon get the upgraded buildpacks version, bringing support for newer language versions and other upstream improvements and fixes. If you use Toolforge Build Service, review the recent [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/cloud-announce@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EMYTA32EV2V5SQ2JIEOD2CL66YFIZEKV/ cloud-announce email] and update your build configuration as necessary to ensure your tools are compatible. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Toolforge/Building_container_images&oldid=2392097#Buildpack_environment_upgrade_process][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380127] * The [https://api.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page API Portal] documentation wiki will shut down in June 2026. API keys created on the API Portal will continue to work normally. api.wikimedia.org endpoints will be deprecated gradually starting in July 2026. Documentation on the API Portal is moving to [[mw:Wikimedia APIs|mediawiki.org]]. Learn more on the [[wikitech:API Portal/Deprecation|project page]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.21|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]] is considering improvements to [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names|automatically generated reference names in VisualEditor]]. Please check out the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Proposed solutions|proposed solutions]] and participate in the [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Request for comment|request for comment]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W13"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 16:51, 23 Machi 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30268305 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-14</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W14"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/14|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Beta version of [[abstract:|Abstract Wikipedia]] a new Wikimedia project which is language-independent, was launched last week. The project allows communities to build Wikipedia articles in their native language, which can be readily accessed by other users in their own languages. The wiki is powered by instructions from Wikifunctions and also based on structured content from Wikidata. [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-26|Read more]]. '''Updates for editors''' * The Growth team is running an A/B test to evaluate a clearer, more user-friendly message that promotes account creation on wikis. Currently when logged-out mobile users begin editing, they see a jarring warning message that can feel abrupt and discouraging. This also presents temporary account editing as the default rather than encouraging account creation. The test is running on ten Wikipedias, including Arabic, French, Spanish and German. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#2. Improve logged-out warning message (T415160)|Read more]]. * The Wikimedia Apps team is inviting feedback on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Future of Editing on the Mobile Apps|how editing should work on the Wikipedia mobile apps]]. The discussion focuses on improving how users access editing tools when they tap "Edit". This is part of a broader effort to convert readers who develop an interest in editing, to access a more user-friendly pathway to start contributing. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:45}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:45|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where citation fetching from the large newspaper archive [https://www.newspapers.com Newspapers.com] was no longer working, due to a block in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid|Citoid]] requests, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419903] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.22|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/14|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W14"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:26, 30 Machi 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30329462 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-15</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W15"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/15|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] now includes a new group goal-setting feature, enabling organizers to set and track event goals such as the number of articles created and participating contributors in real time. Similarly, participants can work toward shared targets and see their collective impact as the event unfolds. The feature is now available on all Wikimedia wikis. Learn more in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents/Registration/Collaborative contributions#Goal setting|the documentation]]. * [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] The new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist labels|watchlist labels]] feature (announced in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Tech News 2026-07]]) is now available via VisualEditor, the source editor, and the 'watchstar' (or watch link, for skins that don't have a star icon). Previously it was only possible to assign labels via [[Special:EditWatchlist|EditWatchlist]]. In all three places it is a new field following the expiry field. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where talk pages on mobile with Parsoid are unusable after empty section headers, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419171] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing feature]], which lets editors add details to an existing reference without duplicating it, will be gradually rolled out to [[phab:T414094|more wikis]] later this year. Wikis using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reference Tooltips|Reference Tooltips]] gadget are encouraged to update their version (typically at [[m:MediaWiki:Gadget-ReferenceTooltips.js|MediaWiki:Gadget-ReferenceTooltips.js]] as shown [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=1344408362 here]) to ensure compatibility. Other reference-related gadgets may also be affected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416304] * All Wikinews editions will be closed and switched to read-only mode on 4 May 2026. Content will remain accessible, but no new edits or articles can be added. This closure was approved by the Board of Trustees of the Wikimedia Foundation following extended discussions. [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard#Board of Trustees Approves Closure of Wikinews|Read more]]. * The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:Action API|Action API]] has had several formats for requested output. One of them, <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>format=php</nowiki></code></bdi>, is being removed soon. Please ensure your scripts or bots use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:Data formats#Output|JSON format]]. This removal should affect very few scripts and bots. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T118538] * The [[Special:NamespaceInfo|Special:NamespaceInfo]] page now includes namespace aliases. For example "WP" for the "Project" ("Wikipedia") namespace on the German Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T381455] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.23|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/15|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W15"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 16:19, 6 Aprili 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30362761 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-16</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W16"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/16|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Experienced editors are invited to [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Main_Page test] the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|Article guidance]] feature, designed to help less-experienced editors create well-structured, policy-compliant Wikipedia articles. Testing instructions are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Test feature guide|available]]. Also, after reviewing [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Category:Pages_using_article_guidance the outlines], please provide feedback on the [[mw:Talk:Article guidance|project talk page]]. Based on your input, the feature will be refined and transferred to the pilot Wikipedias to translate and adapt. Check out [[c:File:Article Guidance workflow demo - April 2026.webm|the video]] explaining the feature. '''Updates for editors''' * On most wikis, all autoconfirmed users can now use [[Special:ChangeContentModel|Special:ChangeContentModel]] page to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:ChangeContentModel|create new pages with custom content models]], such as mass message lists, making custom page formats more accessible. Check [[Special:ListGroupRights|Special:ListGroupRights]] for the status of your wiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T248294] * The Growth team has launched an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account_Creation_Experiments|account creation experiment]] to evaluate whether adding an account creation button to the mobile web header increases new account registrations and encourages more mobile users to contribute to the wikis. The experiment is currently live on Hindi, Indonesian, Bengali, Thai, and Hebrew Wikipedia, and targets 10% of logged-out mobile web users. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where VisualEditor could get stuck loading on Windows devices with animations turned off, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T382856] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Starting later this week, {{int:group-abusefilter}} who have the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature enabled will have [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] as the editor at [[Special:AbuseFilter|Special:AbuseFilter]]. This is part of the broader effort to make the user experience more consistent across all editors. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399673][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332] * Tools and bots that access the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Notifications/API|Notifications API]] (<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>action=query&meta=notifications</nowiki></code></bdi>) will need to update their OAuth or BotPassword grants to also include access to private notifications. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T421991] * Due to a library upgrade, listings on category pages may be displayed out of order starting on Monday, 20th April. A migration script will be run to correct this, and will take hours to days depending on the size of the wiki (up to a week for English Wikipedia). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T422544] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.24|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/16|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W16"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 15:19, 13 Aprili 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30380527 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-17</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W17"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/17|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * After two years of development, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]], also known as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror 6]], is to be promoted out of beta on Tuesday, April 21. It brings better code and wikitext readability, reduction in typing errors, and other [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|benefits]] to all users of the standard syntax highlighter. A huge thank you to volunteer [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/p/Bhsd/ Bhsd] who developed many of the new features, including [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Code folding|code folding]], [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Autocompletion|autocompletion]], and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Linting|linting]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259059] * A major update to the Wikipedia app for iOS is now rolling out, redesigning the interface to align with Apple's latest "Liquid Glass" visual design. [https://apps.apple.com/us/app/wikipedia/id324715238 Download the latest version] and explore the update. '''Updates for editors''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/WE3.3.4 Reading lists|Reading lists]] is a feature which allows readers to save articles to a list for reading later. This feature is now in beta on Arabic, French, Indonesian, Vietnamese, and Chinese Wikipedias and by default for all new accounts on all Wikipedias. * An experiment which explores extending [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/Mobile page previews|Page Previews to mobile web]] will be launched in the week of April 20 on Arabic, English, French, Italian, Polish, and Vietnamese Wikipedias. Page Previews are pop-ups that display a thumbnail, lead paragraph, and a link to open the full article of a blue link, thereby improving content discovery. The feature is already available on desktop and in the apps. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/List of experiments in Product and Technology#Template|Read more about this experiment and others]]. * On several wikis, logged-in editors who haven't [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Email confirmation|confirmed their email addresses]] can now see a banner encouraging them to do so. Having the email address confirmed allows a user to restore access to the account if they lose it. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security#Encouraging users to confirm their email addresses|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T421366] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:15}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:15|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where editing very large wiki pages in the 2017 wikitext editor caused slow loading, preview and scrolling lag, and performance issues when selecting, cutting, or pasting content, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T184857] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * As part of the promotion of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] from a beta feature, all users will use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] for syntax highlighting when editing JavaScript, CSS, JSON, Vue and Lua content pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332] * The <code>mirrors.wikimedia.org</code> service for Debian and Ubuntu users will sunset and stop working on May 15. The resources for the service will be replaced with new and better options. Some users may need to switch to a different server which should take about a minute. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/LJYRIS4WB66HIRCAO4GIDTXCMDVZRBMA/ You can read more]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416707] * The <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>image</nowiki></code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>oldimage</nowiki></code></bdi> table will be removed from [[wikitech:Help:Wiki Replicas|wikireplicas]]. If your tools or queries access <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>image</nowiki></code></bdi> or <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>oldimage</nowiki></code></bdi> directly, please update them to use the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>file</nowiki></code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>filerevision</nowiki></code></bdi> table before 28 May. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T28741] * Following the recent implementation of global API rate limits on unidentified traffic, the Wikimedia Foundation will continue efforts to ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]] by applying global limits to identified API traffic beginning the last week of April. These limits are intentionally set as high as possible to minimise impact on the community. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits/FAQ|Frequently Asked Questions]]. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Attribution API|Attribution API]] is now available as a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Stability policy|beta]]. The API fetches information for crediting Wikimedia articles and media files wherever they are used. Reference documentation is available through the REST Sandbox special page available on all Wikimedia wikis (such as the [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?api=attribution.v0-beta&title=Special%3ARestSandbox REST sandbox on English Wikipedia]). Share your feedback on the [[mw:Talk:Attribution API|project talk page]]. * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/17|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W17"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 15:01, 20 Aprili 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30432763 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-18</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W18"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/18|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * There is a change in how new users are autoconfirmed that will improve anti-vandalism protection. Currently, users who have had an account for a few days and made a few edits are automatically added to the [[{{int:grouppage-autoconfirmed/{{CONTENTLANGUAGE}}}}|{{int:group-autoconfirmed}}]] group. This configuration tends to be exploited by some vandals, who create accounts and start to use them only after some time. To mitigate this, the configuration will be updated next week so that – for the purpose of becoming autoconfirmed – the account age will be counted from their first edit, instead of registration date. The numeric value of the age threshold will remain the same. This change will be deployed only to wikis which require at least one edit as part of the autoconfirmation conditions. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418484] * All Wikipedia users with new accounts and those who activated the "automatically enable most beta features" option in their preference can now use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/WE3.3.4 Reading lists|reading lists]] beta feature to save articles for later reading. This helps organize reading interests in one place for convenient access. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where infobox images have huge padding in Firefox, has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T423676] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * As a reminder, the global API rate limits will be applied this week to identified API traffic. This is to help ensure [[mw:MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]]. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, including the actual rate limits, see [[mw:Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]] and [[mw:Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits/FAQ|Frequently Asked Questions]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.26|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/18|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W18"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 18:06, 27 Aprili 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30458046 --> == You may be an eligible candidate for the U4C election == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Greetings, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] seeks candidates for the 2026 election. The U4C is the global committee responsible for overseeing enforcement of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]]. Elections are held annually, if elected a committee member serves for two years. This year the U4C requires candidates to hold administrator rights on at least one wiki, which is why you are being contacted as you appear to hold this right. There are other requirements, such as candidates must be at least 18 years old and may not be employed by the Wikimedia Foundation or other related chapters and affiliates. You can find more information in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026#Call_for_Candidates|call for candidates on Meta-wiki]]. Additionally, the committee's working language is English; some ability to communicate in English is required. The election opens on 18 May, if you are eligible and interested you have until 10 May to submit your candidacy. There will be a week in between for candidates to answer questions from the community. Voting takes place privately in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/SecurePoll|SecurePoll]], successful candidates must receive at least 60% support. More information is available on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|the 2026 Elections page]], including timelines and other candidacy information. If you read over the material and consider yourself qualified, please consider submitting your name to run for the committee. If you think someone else in your community might be interested and qualified, please encourage them to run. In partnership with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 20:11, 28 Aprili 2026 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/test&oldid=30472482 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-19</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W19"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/19|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|Article guidance]] team invites experienced editors of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Pilot wikis and collaborators|pilot Wikipedias]]—Arabic, Bangla, Japanese, Portuguese, Persian, Turkish, Simple English, Spanish, and French—to help translate and adapt [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Category:Pages_using_article_guidance sample outlines]. These outlines will guide editors in creating clear, well-structured, and policy-compliant articles when using [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Special:NewArticle the feature] once it is launched in May 2026. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance#Adapting a sample outline in a Wikipedia|Simple instructions]] on how to translate and adapt the outlines are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] has published [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/May 2026 draft PTAC recommendation for feedback|draft recommendations]] on a model that affiliates can follow when contributing to the technical space. Community members are invited to provide feedback on the recommendation until May 8th [[:m:Talk:Product and Technology Advisory Council/May 2026 draft PTAC recommendation for feedback|on the talk page]]. * The number of available thumbnail size preferences in MediaWiki is being reduced to three standardized options—Small (180px), Regular (250px), and Large (400px), as part of ongoing efforts to improve performance and reduce strain on thumbnail services. As a result, existing preferences will be mapped to the nearest new size (for example, smaller selections like 120px or 150px will render at 180px, while larger ones like 300px or 360px will render at 400px). The preferences interface will soon be updated to reflect these changes, and users who wish to opt out or provide feedback can do so. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T424909] * From now on, even when a permission expires automatically, users will receive an Echo notification similar to the standard notification for permission changes. There is a difference between this and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global reminder bot|Global reminder bot]] in that the latter reminds users a week ''before'' the rights are due to expire, so that they can renew the rights. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the problem where the ULS language selector in [[m:Special:Translate|Special:Translate]] would scroll vertically when it shouldn't, has been resolved. Previously, when users opened the "Translate to English" dropdown and typed certain inputs, the dialog would scroll vertically by a few pixels even when there was enough space to display all results. The dropdown no longer shifts unnecessarily when filtering languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358864] * The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]], which lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on a single page, continues to improve. For example, watchlists for Wikibase sites such as [[:d:|Wikidata]] now support [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:EntitySchema|EntitySchema]] elements for better tracking. The Live Updates mode now refreshes the special page every 60 seconds to comply with the updated [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|global API rate limits]] for improved real-time responsiveness. Additionally, a directionality bug that displayed links as "changes 3" instead of "3 changes" in mixed-direction lists has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415450][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T424422][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418091] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The second phase of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|global API rate limits]] has been rolled out to reduce the [[diffblog:2026/03/26/quo-vadis-crawlers-progress-and-whats-next-on-safeguarding-our-infrastructure/|impact of AI crawlers]] and ensure fair, sustainable access to Wikimedia resources, prioritising human and mission-aligned traffic. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits#Limits|Limits]] have been shifted from per-hour to per-minute, producing smoother traffic patterns and more predictable API load. Community users are not expected to be affected, and no action is required. Early indications show some User-Agent-based requestors are adjusting behaviour, and around 64% of automated API traffic has been identified. Monitoring continues, and Wikimedia Enterprise remains available for commercial support. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.27|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/19|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W19"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 20:43, 4 Mei 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30498077 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-20</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W20"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/20|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Community Tech has published [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/How to write a good wish|new guidance]] explaining how wishes on Community Wishlist are triaged and prioritized. The documentation is intended to help contributors write stronger proposals by clarifying the factors that influence prioritization decisions. Beyond vote counts, the guidance highlights considerations such as potential impact on the community when determining which wishes move forward. '''Updates for editors''' * The Reader Growth team is launching an experiment to test a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader_Growth/Share_Card|Share Card feature]] that allows readers to create visually engaging cards from Wikipedia articles or selected article sections and share them online, with each card linking back to the original article to help expand readership and article discovery. The mobile-only A/B test will be available to a portion of readers on Arabic, Chinese, French, Vietnamese, and English Wikipedia to better understand reading and sharing habits, and is scheduled to begin the week of May 18 and run for four weeks. * The Android and iOS Wikipedia apps recently released the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Apps/Team/25th_Birthday_Reading_Challenge|25-day reading challenge]] into Beta, as part of efforts to drive reader engagement by encouraging users to complete reading milestones. To track their reading streak during the challenge, App users can add a widget featuring Baby Globe to their home screen. The challenge officially begins May 11. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:17}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:17|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where the global preference for enabling syntax highlighting in wikitext could unexpectedly disable itself after being turned on, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T425286] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The ResourceLoader module <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>mediawiki.ui.input</nowiki></code></bdi>, deprecated since [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/39|September 2023]], will be removed this week. There is a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex/Migrating_from_MediaWiki_UI|guide for migrating from MediaWiki UI to Codex]] for any tools that use it. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T420125] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.2|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/20|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W20"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:20, 11 Mei 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30524429 --> == Translation notification: User:Keegan (WMF)/U4C eligible voter == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta-Wiki. The page [[:metawikipedia:User:Keegan (WMF)/U4C eligible voter|User:Keegan (WMF)/U4C eligible voter]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-User%3AKeegan+%28WMF%29%2FU4C+eligible+voter&language=sw&action=page&action_source=translation_notification translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is medium. The deadline for translating this page is 2026-05-19. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta-Wiki to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta-Wiki translation coordinators‎, 00:28, 15 Mei 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-21</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W21"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/21|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Abstract Wikipedia team has identified five potential pilot wikis to assess their interest in adopting abstract articles on their wikis. The pilots are Malayalam, Bengali, Dagbani, Arabic, and Indonesian Wikipedia. The feedback period will be open until May 22. If your community is interested in becoming a pilot, [[m:Talk:Abstract Wikipedia|let us know on Meta]]. '''Updates for editors''' * An experiment to show [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists|Reading Lists]] to logged-out readers on mobile web will launch on May 18 across German, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Polish, Dutch, Turkish, and Urdu Wikipedias, and will run for one month. The effort supports broader goals of helping readers save and organize articles for later reading, while encouraging habits that could lead to future Wikipedia contributions. * To support a bookmark button in the Reading List beta feature, the "Tools > Action" menu has been updated to display icons, including the watch star indicator that helps editors identify temporarily watched articles. The icons now also match those used on mobile, improving consistency across platforms. The change is currently limited to the actions menu and mainly affects editors with privileged user rights. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T426008] * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Suggestion Mode]] was released as an [[w:en:A/B test|A/B test]] for newcomer editors on the mobile website at [[phab:T421189|~15 Wikipedias]]. The experiment will measure the impact that Suggestion Mode has on the proportion of newcomer mobile web edit sessions that result in constructive (un-reverted) article edits. The experiment will also evaluate the feature's impact on editor retention, and monitor changes in revert and block rates. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue in the Wikipedia Android app where images could sometimes fail to load after opening a recommended reading list notification, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418231] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata Platform|Wikidata Platform team]] has published its [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update/Backend Replacement|backend replacement recommendation]] and accompanying [[wikitech:Wikidata Query Service/WDQS Architecture re-design|technical architecture]] for the migration of the Wikidata Query Service (WDQS) away from Blazegraph. Feedback is invited until May 25th 2026, especially on potential gaps and impacts on advanced use cases. Wikidata community members and WDQS users are also encouraged to help identify high-impact tools and workflows that may need attention on [[d:Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update/High-Impact Use Cases|this page]]. Feedback can be shared on the [[d:Wikidata talk:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update|Migration talk page]] or during the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Blazegraph Migration Office Hours|next office hour]]. See the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Wikidata Platform team/Newsletter|WDP team newsletter]] for more details. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.3|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * On English, French, Japanese, and a few other Wikipedias, there was a [[diffblog:2025/09/02/better-detecting-bots-and-replacing-our-captcha/|trial of hCaptcha]], a third-party bot detection service. The trial showed that hCaptcha effectively detects and deters some bad-faith automated activity, on its own and by giving [[w:en:Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)/Archive 225#Introducing SuggestedInvestigations|checkusers and stewards]] signals to look into. Because the results were positive, hCaptcha will be rolled out across all wikis over the next few weeks. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Anti-abuse signals/hCaptcha|See the hCaptcha project page]] for technical information about the implementation and privacy protections. [[diffblog:2026/05/04/better-detecting-bots-and-replacing-our-captcha-part-2/|Learn more]]. * The latest Community Tech update is now available, with progress across several Community Wishlist initiatives, including Reading Lists expansion from the mobile app to the website, new language support for "Who Wrote That" and the Personal Dashboard, improvements to 3D rendering and Charts, and upcoming work on talk page sorting, audio playback, and editing workflows. The update also shares current priorities, wishlist status trends, and opportunities for community feedback on future focus areas and the Wikimedia Foundation’s 2026–2027 Annual Plan. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates#May 13, 2026: Latest updates from the Community Tech team|Read the full newsletter for details]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/21|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W21"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 20:22, 18 Mei 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30539262 --> == Translation notification: Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2026/Vote now == Hello Olimasy, You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta-Wiki. The page [[:metawikipedia:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2026/Vote now|Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2026/Vote now]] is available for translation. You can translate it here: * [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Universal+Code+of+Conduct%2FCoordinating+Committee%2FElection%2F2026%2FVote+now&language=sw&action=page&action_source=translation_notification translate to Kiswahili] The priority of this page is medium. The deadline for translating this page is 2026-05-26. <div lang="en" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta-Wiki to function as a truly multilingual community. To unsubscribe or to change your notification preferences for translations, please visit [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:TranslatorSignup Special:TranslatorSignup]. Thank you! Meta-Wiki translation coordinators‎, 21:17, 20 Mei 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --> ==Demo== Ndugu, makala ulizoanzisha kama kielelezo hazina ubora hata kidogo. Mkifundisha hivi, tutapata kurasa za kapuni. Naomba muangalie vizuri. Amina kwenu! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:40, 23 Mei 2026 (UTC) :Tayari makala mbovu zimeshaanza kumiminika. Tafadhali, mwazuie haraka!!! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:43, 23 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::Sawa kabisa tutachukua hatua kuanzia leo, kulikua na tatizo kidogo wakati wa mafunzo umeme ulikatika kabla hatuja waeleza vyote '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:37, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) povz3gmw8au454ayynaj8eah71y1b93 Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele 3 94147 1550125 1549578 2026-05-25T04:39:22Z Czeus25 Masele 28489 /* Visual editor kwa miradi ya wiki */ Jibu 1550125 wikitext text/x-wiki {{karibu}} == Translation request == Hello! May I ask you for a translation of the phrase '''Automatic refresh''' into {{#language:sw}}? Thanks '''[[Mtumiaji:-XQV-|-XQV-]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:-XQV-|majadiliano]])''' 21:31, 20 Juni 2018 (UTC) Habari! The translation of the phrase '''Automatic refresh''' is '''Onesha upya moja kwa moja''' Shukrani sana! '''[[Mtumiaji:Makangabila Clement|Makangabila Clement]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Makangabila Clement#top|majadiliano]])''' 17:17, 21 Juni 2018 (UTC) ==Mtumiaji:ChriKo== habari naona umesahihisha matini katika ukrasa wa ChriKo. Masahihisho haya ni sahihi. Lakini ka jumla hatuingii katika kurasa za watumiaji. Kila mmoja anajitambulisha jinsi anavyoona (na anavyoweza). Hii ni tofauti na makala anazotunga. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 05:39, 26 Novemba 2018 (UTC) ==Samahani sikua najua== Samahani mzee '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] sikujua utaratibu huu. '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' ==[[Ngw'anamalundi (Mwanamalundi)]]== Naona tumehariri wakati mmoja, naomba uangalie tena kile ulichohariri mwishoni, inawezekana nimeiharibu kwa bahati mbaya. Niliingiza vyanzo vinavyopatikana google books na OUT. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 14:16, 4 Desemba 2018 (UTC) Sawa mzee nitaangalia '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' ==Samaki== [[Picha:Barb gonio 080526 9681 ltn Pv.jpg|thumb|90px|Pezi]] [[Picha:Tuna Gills in Situ 01.jpg|90px|thumb|Mashavu ya jodari]] Unaamini kweli [[samaki]] inavuta oksijeni kupitia [[pezi|mapezi]]?? Hii ingekuwa kazi ngumu mno, heri tumwachie mashavu! <br/> ona Kamusi sanifu ya Biolojia, Fizikia na Kemia (TUKI 2012<sup>3</sup>)<br/> '''''gill arch''' n taoshavu kigegedu,kiungo maalum katika shavu la samaki kinachofanana na upinde, na ambacho hutegemeza vijishavu ambapo kubadilishana kwa oksijeni na dioksidi kaboni hutokea.<br/> '''fin''' n pezi: kiungo katika wanyama wa inajini kama vile samaki ambacho hutokana na mkunjo wa ngozi na musuli uliotengenezwa na mifupa''<br/> TUKI English-Swahili dictionary ''gill n yavuyavu: shavu la samaki. Vt toa/tumbua mashavu (ya samaki) ''Kama ChriKo (PhD biolojia) ameshiriki katika makala, sijaona bado makosa mengi. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 18:29, 1 Machi 2020 (UTC) : Sawa Mzee Kipala, nadhani mapezi ni lugha jumuishi sana ila walau mashavu ya samaki inafaa zaidi. '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 06:27, 2 Machi 2020 (UTC) ==Tangazo== Habari ndugu Mwanawikipedia!<br><br>Mimi ni mwezeshaji wa mradi uitwao [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct)&article_action=watch#Utangulizi_kuhusu_Mwongozo_Wa_Kimataifa_Wa_Nidhamu_Na_Maadili Mwongozo Wa Kimataifa Wa Mwenendo Na Maadili]. Ni mradi mchanga/mpya ambao Shirika la Wikimedia Foundation linanuia kuuanzisha endapo wadau wataona ni mradi unaofaa. Nakukaribisha usome mwongozo huo na kisha utoe maoni yako kwa kujibu maswali yote au baadhi yake kwa yale utakayopenda kuyatolea maoni [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majadiliano_ya_Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct)#Maswali_ya_Wikimedia_Foundation HAPA]<br><br>'''<big>Taarifa zaidi kuhusu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Nidhamu na Mwenendo</big>'''<br><br> Shirika la Wikimedia Foundation lina mpango wa kuanzisha [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct)&article_action=watch#Utangulizi_kuhusu_Mwongozo_Wa_Kimataifa_Wa_Nidhamu_Na_Maadili Mwongozo Wa Kimataifa Wa Mwenendo Na Maadili]. Lengo la mwongozo huo ni kujaribu kuainisha vitu vya msingi vinavyopatikana katika miongozo midogo midogo iliyopo tayari katika kila jamii husika (mfano Jumuiya yetu hii ya wahariri wa Wikipedia ya Kiswahili). Lengo hasa la mwongozo huu ni kutengeneza mazingira ambayo wanawikipedia wote duniani watakuwa na uelewa wa pamoja juu ya vitu vya msingi kuhusu nini kinakubalika na kipi hakikubaliki wakati wa uchangiaji (uhariri) wa Wikipedia na pale wanawikipedia wanapowasiliana kwenye Wikipedia au ana kwa ana katika warsha na mikutano ya Wanawikipedia. Wazo hilo limekuja baada kukithiri kwa baadhi ya Wanawikimedia kukumbana kufanyiwa unyanyasaji wa kitabia (mfano matusi, kuitana majina yasiyofaa, kutishiana n.k) na Wanawikimedia wenzao, hivyo kuwakatisha tamaa ya kuendelea kuchangia katika miradi ya Wikimedia.Hivyo, wewe kama mdau muhimu katika miradi ya Wikimedia Foundation, unakaribishwa ku [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct) soma zaidi kuhusu mwongozo huo Hapa]na baada ya kuusoma mwongozo huo unaweza ku [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majadiliano_ya_Wikipedia:Mwongozo_wa_Kimataifa_wa_Mwenendo_na_Maadili_(Universal_Code_of_Conduct)#Maswali_ya_Wikimedia_Foundation toa maoni yako Hapa kabla ya tar 15 April 2020.]<br><br>'''<big>Mwaliko wa kujiunga na kundi la Wahariri wa Wikipedia</big>''' <br><br> Nakukaribisha ujiunge na kundi la Wahariri wa Wikipedia kutoka Dar es Salaam ili tuweze kujadiliana na kubadilishana uzoefu na mambo kadha wa kadha kuhusu Uhariri wa Wikipedia. Iwapo utapenda kujiunga, usisite kuwasiliana nasi kupitia '''wikitzagroup@gmail.com''', na kwa taarifa zaidi kuhusu kundi la Wahariri wa Wikipedia wa hapa Dar es Salaam na Tanzania kwa ujumla na miradi waliyoitekeleza tayari, unaweza tembelea hapa ukurasa wao wa meta uitwao [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Community_User_Group_Tanzania Wikimedia Community User Group Tanzania] au pia katika Facebook kwa jila la [https://www.facebook.com/Wikimediatz/ Wikimedia Tanzania].<br><br> Ndimi '''[[Mtumiaji:AMtavangu (WMF)|AMtavangu (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AMtavangu (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 17:18, 5 Aprili 2020 (UTC) :Nimekaribia! '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:08, 12 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Kigezo: Picha ya wiki == <div style="float:left;margin-right:0.9em"> [[Picha:Cow horned portrait.jpg|200px|Ng'ombe]] </div> '''[[Ng'ombe]]''' ni wanyama wakubwa wa jenasi [[Bos]]. Spishi ya ng'ombe ina nususpishi au aina nyingi lakini ni spishi moja tu. Ng'ombe hula manyasi na kutembea kwa vidole viwili. Asili yake ni aina za ng'ombe wa pori waliofugwa kwa sababu ya nyama na maziwa. Katika nchi nyingi anatumiwa pia kama mnyama wa mizigo anayevuta plau au magari. Wataalamu huamini ya kwamba aina zote za ng'ombe zina asili katika mashariki ya kati mnamo milenia ya 9 KK ambako watu waliwahi kuwafuga nas kutoka hapa ufugaji ng'ombe ulisambaa kote duniani. ==Picha== Asante kwa kuweka kumbukumbu hiyo ya warsha ya astronomia. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 09:30, 9 Aprili 2020 (UTC) <br/> Karibu. '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 9 Aprili 2020 (UTC) ==Masanja== Kuna sababu ya kufuta picha ya V Masanja?'''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 19:24, 10 Aprili 2020 (UTC) ==Lugha za makabila ya Tanzania== Ndugu, hakuna haja ya kuanzisha jamii hiyo, inatosha [[:Jamii:Lugha za Tanzania|ile ya lugha za Tanzania]]. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 07:05, 13 Aprili 2020 (UTC) <br/> Sawa Ndungu. Ahsante '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:26, 13 Aprili 2020 (UTC) ==Kukaribisha wageni== Asante kwa kushiriki katika kukaribisha wageni. Nashukuru ukiendelea. Ila tu usisahau kutia sahihi kwa kuingiza yafuatayo: '''<nowiki>{{karibu}}~~~~ </nowiki>'''. Sahihi yako ambayo ni sehemu '''<big><nowiki>~~~~ </nowiki></big>''' inakuja pamoja na tarehe. Hii inatusaidia kujua baadaye ni lini kwamba mchangiaji amekaribishwa na kuelezwa kanuni zeti; ni msaada hasa tukilazimishwa kuchukua hatua dhidi ya mchangiaji: je aliweza kujua utaratibu kwa sababu amekaribishwa tayari au bado? '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 23:27, 31 Julai 2020 (UTC) :Ahsante sana [[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]], niliweza kujua utaratibu baada ya kufatilia mabadiliko ya karibuni hivyo niliona jinsi ya kukaribisha watu.'''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 06:16, 7 Agosti 2020 (UTC) ==Salamu za "Karibu"== Uliweka salamu kwenye ukurasa wa [[Mtumiaji:Oparanya_harvey]] badala ya ukurasa wa majadiliano. Naomba uhakikishe unapoweka. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 22:54, 8 Septemba 2020 (UTC) :Sawa, ahsante. '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 23:14, 8 Septemba 2020 (UTC) ==Hongera ya kazi== Naona jisi unavyopiga mbio siku hizi, hongera sana. Ila kwenye namna ya kutafsiri usifuate mfano wa Kiingereza neno-kwa-neno. Mfano [[hijabu]] ulichukua sehemu hii yote ya alama za kifonetiki kuhusu matamshi kwa Kiingereza, ambayo ni bure kidogo maana anayetaka kuona haya aangalie upande wa enwiki, si kwetu (isipokuwa labda kama matamshi ya Kiingereza isizo kawaida, inaweza kuwa na maana mara chache). Vilevile kwa [[karani]] umetafsiri "white collar" ambayo inaleta maana tofauti. Nani anavaa "kola" kwa Kiswahili? Hata kwa Kiingereza si maana asilia tena (kola kama sehemu ya vazi inayofungwa kwenye shati yako, jinsi ilivyo kwa wachungaji hadi leo, lakini nje ya magauni kadhaa ya wanawake "collar" yenyewe haipo tena) lakini inaeleweka kwa watu wanaofanya kazi ofisini kutokana na desturi ya zamani kubadilisha ile "kola nyeupe" iwe safi ilhali hujaosha shati kila siku. Kutafsiri kamwe ni neno kwa neno lakini kuonyesha maana. Sina wasiwasi, utapata uzoefu! '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 05:25, 10 Septemba 2020 (UTC) :Kwa Marejeo usisahau kuweka chini yake msimbo wa '''<nowiki> <references/> </nowiki>''' , itahakikisha tanbihi zinaonekana mahali panapotakiwa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 05:29, 10 Septemba 2020 (UTC) :: Ahsante sana [[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]], nitazidi kujifunza kuboresha zaidi. '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 19:26, 10 Septemba 2020 (UTC) == Uteuzi kuwa mkabidhi == Salaam! Ulipendekezwa na kukubaliwa kupata haki za mkabidhi. Je, uko tayari kupokea uteuzi huu na kushiriki katika kazi mara kwa mara kama jinsi ilivyoelezwa katika ukurasa wa wakabidhi? Tunaomba jibu lako kwa baruapepe katika wiki hii. Tumia zana za Wikipedia kutuma barua pepe. --[[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb Mwanaharakati'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Comic Sans MS">[[User talk:Muddyb Blast Producer|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 07:43, 13 Septemba 2020 (UTC) ==Majadiliano ya ufutaji== Ukichangia kuhusu ufutaji wa makala, usiandike pekee kwenye ukurasa wa majadiliano ya makala, usisahau kuipeleka pia kwenye ukurasa wa ufutaji, maana maazimio yanafanywa pale. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 21:43, 14 Septemba 2020 (UTC) :Sawa, nitafanya hivyo. '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 21:47, 14 Septemba 2020 (UTC) == Jamii Forums == '''JamiiForums''' ni [[mtandao wa kijamii]] maarufu zaidi nchini [[Tanzania]] ulioanzishwa rasmi mwaka [[2006]] mwezi Machi ikiwa na waanzilishi wawili, [[Maxence Melo]] na [[Mike Mushi]] ambao walijuana kupitia mtandao wakati ambao mtandao ukiwa dubwana geni si tu Tanzania lakini sehemu kubwa ya dunia, wakati huo ikijulikana kama Jambo Forums na jina hilo lilidumu kwa miaka miwili pekee. === '''Historia''' === ==== '''Uanzilishi''' ==== JamboForums ilikuja baada ya kuwa na majukwaa mbalimbali kama Tanzania Economic Forum, Habari Tanzania, Jambo Network, Jambo Radio na Jambo Videos. Kila tovuti ilikuwa na malengo tofauti lakini yote yakilenga kuwahudumia watu wa nyanja husika kuweza kupata sehemu ya kusemea au kubadilishana mawazo. Lengo kuu la JF likiwa ni kuanzisha Jamvi moja ambapo wadau watakutana na kubadilishana mawazo huku wakikubali kutokubaliana (utofauti wa mawazo) na kujenga mijadala endelevu. Katika Jambo Network (jambonetwork.com) au JamboRadio.com mijadala ilikuwa kwa mtindo wa chat ambapo hakukuwa na kumbukumbu baada ya mjadala, hii ilipelekea mijadala mingi kuwa inarudiwa na kusababisha kukosa mwelekeo kabisa. Katika uanzilishi lengo kubwa lilikuwa kuwafikia wazungumzaji wa kiswahili wa eneo la Maziwa Makuu na hata watumiaji wengi wa Kiingereza lakini wenye kupenda kujua habari za ukanda huu. Mkusanyiko wa majukwaa haya ulipelekea kuwa na kusanyiko moja ambalo kwa wakati huo (2006) liliitwa JamboForums.com, jina ambalo lilitumika hadi mwezi Mei 2008 ==== '''Mabadiliko ya jina''' ==== Mwaka 2008 yalifanyika maamuzi ya haraka na ya lazima kwa wakati huo kwa kubadili jina kutoka Jambo Forums kwenda JamiiForums. Jina la JamiiForums lilichagizwa na kubakia na kifupi cha JF kutoka kuwakilisha neno JamboForums na sasa kuwakilisha neno JamiiForums. Jina lililazimika kubadilishwa kutokana na mgongano wa matumizi ya jina la JamboForums ambapo lilikuwa halijachukuliwa haki miliki (copyrights) za jina ingawa baadaye walifanikiwa kulimiliki kihalali. Uongozi haukutaka kusimamisha moja kwa moja matumizi ya JF hivyo wakafikiria jina mbadala la JamboForums na kubaini kuwa tayari hili kusanyiko la wadau ni kusanyiko la Jamii, na bado Jamii ilikuwa ikiendelea kutunza JF kama wengi wanavyopenda kufupisha. ==== '''Madhumuni ya kuanzisha JF''' ==== Lengo kubwa la uanzishwaji wa JF likiwa ni kuwafikia wazungumzaji wa Kiswahili wa eneo la Maziwa Makuu na hata watumiaji wengi wa Kiingereza lakini wenye kupenda kujua habari za ukanda huu kwa kutoa uwanja huru wa kujadili kwa wanachama wake ambao sio shuruti kutumia majina yao halisi. === '''Mafanikio''' === Kwa miaka yote iliyodumu, Jamiiforums imekuwa msaada katika nyanja nyingi ikiwemo siasa, michezo, afya, habari na hasa habari mtambuka. Mtandao wa JamiiForums unatoa fursa ya kipekee ya kujadili habari na hoja mbalimbali badala ya habari kulishwa kwa upande mmoja. JamiiForums imetoa fursa kwa wananchi wa kawaida kujadiliana na viongozi wa juu katika serikali na taasisi mbalimbali pia watu maarufu katika jamii ambao kwa namna moja au nyingine ingekuwa ngumu kwao kuwapata. Mfano watu maarufu ni mwanasiasa mkongwe wa Tanzania ambae alipata kuwa katibu mkuu wa chama kikuu cha upinzani Tanzania na kuwania urais mwaka 2010, Dr. [[Wilbrod Peter Slaa]], [[Mwigulu Nchemba]] ambae aliwahi kuwa naibu wizara ya fedha na mgombea aliekuwa anawania kupewa tiketi ya Urais kwa niaba ya chama tawala, chama cha Mapinduzi, aliekuwa naibu katibu mkuu chama cha demokrasia na maendeleo ([[CHADEMA]]) [[Kabwe Zuberi Zitto]] pia baadhi ya taasisi kubwa nchini kama TCRA ambao ni wadhibiti wa mawasiliano Tanzania. JamiiForums kutokana kuwa na wanachama wa aina mbalimbali ina wataalam waliobobea katika fani mbalimbali ambao wanaweza kutoa majibu ya kitaalamu kulingana na fani zao ambapo si ajabu muhusika angelipia kama wangekutana ofisini ama kuibiwa. Mifano inajumuisha ujenzi, afya, teknologia pia inajumuisha uchambuzi makini katika siasa na chaguzi za miaka nenda rudi kwa kutoa mawazo mbadala na kufikisha sauti za watu wasioweza kusikika. ===Mfano wa mijadala JamiiForums=== '''[https://www.jamiiforums.com/threads/elimutiba-jinsi-ya-kujieleza-kwa-daktari.382399/ ELIMUTIBA: Jinsi ya kujieleza kwa Daktari]''' [https://www.jamiiforums.com/threads/yaliyojiri-bungeni-ijumaa-28-novemba-2014-hatma-ya-sakata-la-tegeta-escrow-account.765731/ '''Yaliyojiri Bungeni: Ijumaa, 28 Novemba 2014 (Hatma ya Sakata la Tegeta ''Escrow'' Account)'''] [https://www.jamiiforums.com/threads/walimu-kwa-wale-wanaotaka-kubadilishana-vituo-vya-kazi.417341/ '''WALIMU: Kwa wale wanaotaka kubadilishana vituo vya kazi'''] [https://www.jamiiforums.com/threads/kitabu-gani-ambacho-kimewahi-kubadilisha-maisha-yako-na-unatamani-wengine-tukisome.647294/ '''Kitabu gani ambacho kimewahi kubadilisha maisha yako na unatamani wengine tukisome?'''] [https://www.jamiiforums.com/threads/majibu-ya-waziri-mwigulu-nchemba-kuhusu-tuhuma-za-kughushi-vyeti-vya-taaluma-kuiba-jina.1133661/ '''Majibu ya Waziri Mwigulu Nchemba kuhusu tuhuma za kughushi vyeti vya taaluma, kuiba jina'''] [https://www.jamiiforums.com/threads/mahojiano-ya-moja-kwa-moja-na-mhe-zitto-zuberi-kabwe-katika-jamiiforums.357439/ '''Mahojiano ya moja kwa moja na Mhe. Zitto Zuberi Kabwe katika JamiiForums'''] [https://www.jamiiforums.com/threads/kwa-wazazi-na-walezi-mada-maalum-ya-watoto.1002067/ '''Kwa wazazi na walezi: Mada maalum ya watoto'''] === '''Chanzo/uthibitishaji habari JamiiForums''' === Hili kwa muda mrefu limekuwa swali kwa watu wengi kwa jinsi gani JamiiForums wanadhibiti habari za uongo na nini chanzo cha habari zao. JamiiForums ni mtandao wa kijamii na si gazeti wala redio lakini utofauti wake wenyewe wameweka wahariri ambao kazi yao kubwa ni kusimamia sheria za majadiliano walizojiwekea lakini pia ikiwekwa habari na wanachama wake inayotiliwa shaka basi hufatilia na kuthibisha au kubatilisha. === '''FikraPevu''' === Kuongeza ufanisi na uhakika wa habari zake, kilianzishwa kitengo maalum kinachohusika na habari ambapo huaririwa na waandishi na kuchapishwa kwenye mtandao wa www.FikraPevu.com ambapo ni gazeti mahsusi la mtandaoni kwani kuwazuia watu kuweka habari mpaka uthibitisho kwenye JamiiForums ilionekana ni ukirikitimba na ungeelekea kwenye mkwamo. Wanachama wa JF wamekuwa waungwana na pale ambapo mwanachama mwenzao akipotosha basi kuna nafasi ya kuripoti ili usawa uwekwe. === '''Takwimu''' === Kwa mwaka 2012 JamiiForums ilikuwa na wanachama zaidi ya 100,000 na kupata watembeleaji 50,000 kila siku. Kulingana na mtandao wa statscrop.com ambao hupima tovuti mbalimbali, JamiiForums ina thamani ya $3,182,721. === '''Wanachama wakongwe''' === Pamoja na JF kuwa na wanachama wengi lakini wapo wanachama walioanza tangu JamboForums inaanza mwaka 2006 na wangine wamekuwa nayo kwa takriban miaka kumi sasa. Mafano wa wanachama hao ni Mzee Mwanakijiji, Rev. Kishoka, Augustine Moshi, Kyoma, Mwawado, Mkandara, Kibunango, Steve Dii Mwafrika wa Kike, Kichuguu Choveki Masatu Masanja Quemu Mlalahoi Mtanzania Bibi Ntilie Game Theory jmushi1 Zakumi Moelex23 na wengineo wengi. === '''JamiiForums kwenye mitandao ya kijamii''' === Pamoja na kuwa mtandao wa kijamii maarufu zaidi ukanda wa Afrika Mashariki wenye asili ya Tanzania, JamiiForums inazo kurasa kwenye mitandao ya kijamii kama Facebook ikiwa na wafuatiliaji wengi zaidi Afrika Mashariki takribani 3,200,000 mpaka September 2019 pia JamiiForums ina kurasa yake katika mtandao wa Twitter na Instagram. [[Jamii:Mawasiliano]]. ==Futa== Kuna Pendekezo la ufutaji wa Makala uliyoanzisha, hivyo unaweza kuiboresha zaidi ili kuepushwa kufutwa. ==[[Majadiliano:Jihadi]]== Nimerudisha matini ya [[mtumiaji:JJOSY2000]], maana si vizuri tukijaribu kuficha ukosoaji. Akikosoa (bila matusi, bila fujo) ni haki yake, hata kama sababu anazoleta ni dhaifu na mabadiliko aliyoleta hayawezi kubaki maana anaanza kugusa uwanja wa mahubiri. Sitashughulika usiku huu. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 21:15, 18 Januari 2021 (UTC) :Sawa, ahsante kwa taarifa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 19:12, 19 Januari 2021 (UTC) == Boot Camps article == This is my first try and you guys attack me instant. I know is some kind robotic but Im working on it plus to add more sources. Just give me a chance. I will proof read it until tommorow and add more citations. :You seems passionate [[user:Crapalan‬]] and thats a good start. But we can't keep such article not knowing when you gonna improve it. Next time try to pe patient and perfect the article before publishing. You may have as more practices into your sandbox as many times as you can. Peaceful!! '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 17:28, 1 Juni 2021 (UTC) == [[Kituo cha reli Luebeck Travemuende Strand]] == Hello Bro, I d like to ask you if you could check the grammar of this article please? I am in a starters level in Kiswahili yet and for sure I wrote some typos. Thank you! Alex. [[Maalum:Michango/87.153.174.166|87.153.174.166]] 20:42, 24 Agosti 2021 (UTC) :Okay I will check '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 21:14, 24 Agosti 2021 (UTC) We can finish up the article together if you want, I know the station and the district. You know the Kiswahili language. [[Maalum:Michango/87.153.174.166|87.153.174.166]] 11:44, 25 Agosti 2021 (UTC) : Okay, please login or share username so as I can contact you easily to help you with the translation. Thanks '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 20:45, 25 Agosti 2021 (UTC) You can email me directly to denjakvienna@gmail.com please. What informations do you want to addict into this article? [[Maalum:Michango/87.153.174.166|87.153.174.166]] 11:35, 26 Agosti 2021 (UTC) Bro could you help me to translate some words because google translate gives stuff only, how would you call: * timetable * network map * ticket validators * equipment In Kiswahili? Regards, Alex [[Maalum:Michango/87.153.174.166|87.153.174.166]] 22:01, 27 Agosti 2021 (UTC) * timetable ( Ratiba) * network map (Mchoro wa ramani ya mtandao) * ticket validators (Wakatisha tiketi/Wakaguzi wa tiketi)) * equipment (Kifaa) '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 22:16, 27 Agosti 2021 (UTC) == How we will see unregistered users == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin=content/> Hi! You get this message because you are an admin on a Wikimedia wiki. When someone edits a Wikimedia wiki without being logged in today, we show their IP address. As you may already know, we will not be able to do this in the future. This is a decision by the Wikimedia Foundation Legal department, because norms and regulations for privacy online have changed. Instead of the IP we will show a masked identity. You as an admin '''will still be able to access the IP'''. There will also be a new user right for those who need to see the full IPs of unregistered users to fight vandalism, harassment and spam without being admins. Patrollers will also see part of the IP even without this user right. We are also working on [[m:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/Improving tools|better tools]] to help. If you have not seen it before, you can [[m:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation|read more on Meta]]. If you want to make sure you don’t miss technical changes on the Wikimedia wikis, you can [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|subscribe]] to [[m:Tech/News|the weekly technical newsletter]]. We have [[m:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation#IP Masking Implementation Approaches (FAQ)|two suggested ways]] this identity could work. '''We would appreciate your feedback''' on which way you think would work best for you and your wiki, now and in the future. You can [[m:Talk:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation|let us know on the talk page]]. You can write in your language. The suggestions were posted in October and we will decide after 17 January. Thank you. /[[m:User:Johan (WMF)|Johan (WMF)]]<section end=content/> </div> 18:19, 4 Januari 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Target_lists/Admins2022(7)&oldid=22532681 --> :Thanks '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 05:59, 5 Januari 2022 (UTC) == Have you voted in the UCoC enforcement guidelines ratification? == Hi! {{ping|User:Czeus25 Masele}} The ratification voting process for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) is now open! '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting|Voting commenced on SecurePoll]]''' on 7 March 2022 and will conclude on 21 March 2022. Please [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|read more on the voter information and eligibility details]]. Please vote and encourage other editors of Swahili Wikipedia to also vote. Regards, '''[[Mtumiaji:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Zuz (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 12:23, 11 Machi 2022 (UTC) :Thanks '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 16:12, 14 Machi 2022 (UTC) == [[King Kikii]] == Original state of "King Kikii" contains nothing but misspellings of it as Kiki with SINGLE "i". '''[[Mtumiaji:Kokamamie|Kokamamie]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kokamamie|majadiliano]])''' 09:56, 23 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :Thanks [[Mtumiaji:Kokamamie]]; please refer below: :[[King Kikii|Tanzanian rumba maestro King Kikii passes away at 77 | The Citizen]] [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-18927|&#126;2024-18927]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-18927|talk]]) 13:01, 25 Novemba 2024 (UTC) == Tungependa kusikia kuhusu uzoefu wako kuhusu Akaunti za Muda == <section begin="body"/> [[File:Temporary Accounts - first edit popup.png|thumb]] '''[https://wikimedia.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_e2MNLeWJU89pNTo Utafiti huu hautachukua zaidi ya dakika 5 kukamilisha.]''' Timu ya Trust & Safety Product hivi karibuni iliunda [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|akaunti za muda]] zinapatikana kwenye miradi ya wiki 12. Kuna mipango ya kupanua hili kwa seti kubwa ya miradi ya wiki katika wiki na miezi ijayo, kisha kufuata mchakato wa kutekeleza kikamilifu baadaye mwaka huu. Ushiriki wako katika utafiti huu utakuwa na manufaa makubwa katika kutusaidia kuelewa jinsi Akaunti za Muda zinavyofanya kazi na kile tunachoweza kuboresha mbele. Sera ya faragha ya utafiti huu inaweza kuonwa [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Temp_Accounts_Minor_Pilots_Survey_Privacy_Statement|kupitia kiungo hiki]]. Kwa kumaliza utafiti huu, unakubali masharti yaliyoainishwa katika sera ya faragha. Asante!<section end="body"/> [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">majadiliano</span>]]) 02:50, 27 Februari 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SGrabarczuk_(WMF)/sandbox/8&oldid=28315571 --> :Ni wazo zuri likiwa na faida juu ya kuwezesha wachangiaji wasiopenda kujisajiri. Japo nina mapendekezo akaunti hizi ziangaliwe upya ili kuzuia waharibifu wa mtandao, pendekezo ni kwamba hizi akaunti za muda ziwe na mipaka ya matumizi (mfano: idadi ya hariri, muda wa kuwepo. Akaunti lazima zipangiliwe vizuri ili zisitumike vibaya au kuharibu kazi za jamii ya Wikipedia. '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:20, 26 Juni 2025 (UTC) == Talk Page == Why would you delete my talk page? About Morisi, I moved Mauritius (Not Mauritania) to Morisi. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 06:13, 20 Juni 2025 (UTC) == Ancient Sorcerous Empire == WikiBayer - is NOT guardian angel, it is ANNONRIAL/RAVERNAL pure evil: [[Majadiliano_ya_mtumiaji:Gayle157#Elephant_in_Porcelain_Shop]] READ debunking of WikiBayer reverts. '''[[Mtumiaji:Annonrial Guardian Ravernal Angel|Annonrial Guardian Ravernal Angel]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Annonrial Guardian Ravernal Angel|majadiliano]])''' 08:26, 24 Juni 2025 (UTC) == samahani naitwa janeth john == nimeona umefuta makala yangu iitwayo"understandable way to open source technology" ningependa kujua kwanini umefuta maana nina hiitaji nnashida nayo '''[[Mtumiaji:JANETH JOHN LUTENGANO|JANETH JOHN LUTENGANO]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:JANETH JOHN LUTENGANO|majadiliano]])''' 11:34, 25 Juni 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:JANETH JOHN LUTENGANO|JANETH JOHN LUTENGANO]] Jibu ni rahisi. Hii ni Wikipedia ya Kiswahili, huo Uzungu unafuata nini hapa? [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 07:48, 26 Juni 2025 (UTC) == Delete == What is wrong with you? Why do you delete pages just anyhow , Like why did you delete the redirect to Vita za Israeli-Irani [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 12:55, 25 Juni 2025 (UTC) :Habari! :Nimefuta redirection kwa sababu tayari ukurasa umehamishwa, hakuna haja ya kuwa na makala iliyokosewa jina kipindi inaanzishwa. labda :kama ingekuwa makala iliyofutwa inafanania sana na ilikohamishiwa na kuwa makala iliyofutwa ni maarufu ama ndio jina linalojulikana sana. Mfano Makala iliyofutwa ingekua Aguahrz ila watu wanafahamu zaidi Chronist basi redirection ya Chrosist ingebaki. Amani kwako! '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:08, 25 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::That's not how it works, ::You don't delete redirects after a page is moved, This is because it preserves History, It also prevents broken links since there are page linking to that redirect . ::Also the redirect page you delete wasn't as a result of page move i created it for alternative names, ::Its just like how Iran redirects to Irani , That doesn't mean you delete the redirect , [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:04, 25 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::Hapo zamani niliwahi kusimamia zoezi la editorthon, vijana wapya walikua wakipata mafunzo jinsi ya kuandika makala kwenye boksi la mchanga na kisha kuichapisha makala, vijana wengi waliandika vichwa vya makala na kuweka kituo kikubwa mwishoni mwa jina la makala. Mwalimu wetu alitufundisha kanuni za uandishi na jisi ya kuhamisha makala hizo kwa kuondoa kituo kikubwa mwishoni mwa makala zenye makosa. kisha makala yenye makosa (redirect) zilifutwa. Sio kila redirect ina maana kubaki au la basi mradi huu usingefikia ubora ulionao. kama wachangiaji tutaendelea kuboresha kadiri inavyofaa kulingana na kanuni za mradi. '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 15:56, 25 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::::Bro, You are wrong you need to read [[en:Wikipedia:Redirect/Deletion reasons|WP:Redirect/Delete Reasons]] :::::The redirect page i created was for alternative name to ensure readers find the article easily. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="fontfamily: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 16:49, 25 Juni 2025 (UTC) == Indentations == Please do NOT waste indent steps by multiple ":" at once. Single step suffices, and on contrary, it looks like long tabulation. '''[[Mtumiaji:CLA 245|CLA 245]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CLA 245|majadiliano]])''' 11:25, 26 Juni 2025 (UTC) :Thanks :'''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:26, 26 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::You again forgot it. '''[[Mtumiaji:CLA 245|CLA 245]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CLA 245|majadiliano]])''' 11:27, 26 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::Oh I see, I'm used to start with : in reply for a single step (old version). I have noticed now when you reply there is a single step created automatically. So much have changes in Wiki, again thanks. '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:38, 26 Juni 2025 (UTC) == Misclassification == Since [[Mtumiaji:Peter Born lȣ]] is ALREADY belonging to MASSIVE [[:Jamii:Akaunti bandia za NyinaWaJambo]] group of accounts, '''[[Mtumiaji:FIutureIA]]''' should be tagged as SOCK of "NyinaWaJambo" as well, but '''NOT''' to single-member "Peter Born lȣ" subgroup. Please change in '''[[Mtumiaji:FIutureIA]]''' "Peter Born lȣ" string to "NyinaWaJambo" string to avoid single-member [[:Jamii:Akaunti bandia za Peter Born lȣ]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:CLA 245|CLA 245]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CLA 245|majadiliano]])''' 11:35, 26 Juni 2025 (UTC) :I will work on it.'''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:40, 26 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::{{ping|Czeus25 Masele}} [[Mtumiaji:FIutureIA]] is '''admin-only''', still nothing changed, simply please fix as said HERE, from "Peter Born lȣ" to "NyinaWaJambo", since Gayle obviously triggered DISRUPTIVE single-member recursing subcategory. '''[[Mtumiaji:CLA 245|CLA 245]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CLA 245|majadiliano]])''' 11:45, 26 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::[[Mtumiaji:FIutureIA]] begs correction. You forgot IT. '''[[Mtumiaji:Gaël Clän|Gaël Clän]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gaël Clän|majadiliano]])''' 13:37, 26 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::I'm investigating '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:40, 26 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::::I will investigate for you. If '''FIutureIA''' is sock of '''Peter Born lȣ''' who in turn is sock of '''NyinaWaJambo''', then '''FIutureIA''' is too sock of '''NyinaWaJambo'''. '''DITCH INTERMEDIATE STEP'''. '''[[Mtumiaji:Gaël Clän|Gaël Clän]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gaël Clän|majadiliano]])''' 13:46, 26 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::::@[[Mtumiaji:Gaël Clän|Gaël Clän]] Lol, You are too ironic, Cut the pretence.! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 15:42, 26 Juni 2025 (UTC) == I am not PORN monger == They globally locked my "Clän Gaël" account thinking I describe bytes of PORN online. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-83683|&#126;2025-83683]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-83683|talk]]) 13:26, 26 Juni 2025 (UTC) :[[w:en:Wikipedia:Appealing_a_block|Wikipedia:Appealing a block - Wikipedia]]'''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:28, 26 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::English Wikipedia is UNRELATED. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-82776|&#126;2025-82776]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-82776|talk]]) 13:33, 26 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::It works '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:38, 26 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::::ENGLISH wikipedia is NOT "META"! And META people are very LOFTY. 90% chance for request defeat. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-85053|&#126;2025-85053]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-85053|talk]]) 14:04, 26 Juni 2025 (UTC) == [[Special:Contribs/Maryam_Saleh_Abeid]] == You should know what "[[template:Karibu]]" boilerplate says. She does since weeks '''recurring breaching''' of [[w:en:Wikipedia:Don't cite Wikipedia on Wikipedia]]. Administrative action needed. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-24870-7|&#126;2025-24870-7]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-24870-7|talk]]) 08:20, 23 Julai 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:~2025-24870-7|~2025-24870-7]] Can you make your english simple?'''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:29, 23 Julai 2025 (UTC) You too should admonish her as '''admin'''. Many '''non'''-admin people tell her to stop going against [[w:en:Wikipedia:Don't cite Wikipedia on Wikipedia]] and she ignores that STUBBORNLY, see: [[Majadiliano_ya_mtumiaji:Maryam_Saleh_Abeid]]. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-25146-2|&#126;2025-25146-2]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-25146-2|talk]]) 08:49, 23 Julai 2025 (UTC) :Thanks. As any contributor you can do correction of any article that has not been restricted by admins, hence whenever there is an article you see not fit please do some improvement, add a banner addressing the issues of it it is for deletion add it on deletion list. Also do not hesitate to point out what was done wrong by the contributor in their talk page. '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:11, 23 Julai 2025 (UTC) [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Maryam Saleh Abeid]] - "What Was Done Wrong" already there and she still blatantly ignores all that. '''[[Mtumiaji:Wflgf|Wflgf]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Wflgf|majadiliano]])''' 09:25, 23 Julai 2025 (UTC) :usichoke kurekebisha makosa, ila endapo atafanya mabadiliko ya kuondoa kwa makusudi masahihisho yatakayofanywa ataonywa na kuchukuliwa hatua. '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:28, 23 Julai 2025 (UTC) == Vyanzo == There is <nowiki>{{vyanzo}}</nowiki> full boilerplate instead of misapplied inline version. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-24742-3|&#126;2025-24742-3]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-24742-3|talk]]) 09:00, 23 Julai 2025 (UTC) :1.Add <nowiki>{{Futa}}</nowiki> - if suggesting deleting the article ref: [[:Jamii:Makala zenye matatizo|Jamii:Makala zenye matatizo - Wikipedia, kamusi elezo huru]] :2.add <nowiki>{{Chanzo}}</nowiki> - if an article has no reference '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:11, 23 Julai 2025 (UTC) :<nowiki>{{Futa}}</nowiki> is WRONG,it does NOT support <nowiki>{{Futa|Reason}}</nowiki>, so use <nowiki>{{Delete|Reason}}</nowiki> instead. '''[[Mtumiaji:Wflgf|Wflgf]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Wflgf|majadiliano]])''' 09:21, 23 Julai 2025 (UTC) :<nowiki>{{Chanzo}}</nowiki> is wrong, it creates PETIT inline. TO cover whole article, better is <nowiki>{{Vyanzo}}</nowiki>. '''[[Mtumiaji:Wflgf|Wflgf]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Wflgf|majadiliano]])''' 09:22, 23 Julai 2025 (UTC) Thanks for clarification '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:24, 23 Julai 2025 (UTC) :[[Kigezo:Db-meta]] contains UPDATED code supporting <nowiki>{{Delete|Reason}}</nowiki> syntax. Please copy its code into [[Kigezo:Futa]] which is obsolete since years. '''[[Mtumiaji:Wflgf|Wflgf]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Wflgf|majadiliano]])''' 09:28, 23 Julai 2025 (UTC) == [[Maalum:Michango/Ternera]] == Obvious behavior akin to '''SOVIET COMMISSAR''', [[Maalum:Michango/~2025-32681-1]] was OK! [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-33265-3|&#126;2025-33265-3]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-33265-3|talk]]) 19:45, 4 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Wito wa kupiga kura kwa ajili ya [[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu]] - awe msimamizi wa kusano == Ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] [[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni]], unaombwa kupiga kura juu ya kumpatia uwezo wa ukabidhi/usimamizi wa kusano katika ukurasa wa [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi#Msimaizi wa KUSANO - Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu]]. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 07:56, 7 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Dogo Janja == [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dogo_Janja&diff=1444388&oldid=1444308 R.R. agreed finally with mine blank!] So can thou lift BLOCK from "Dogo Janja" account now? '''[[Mtumiaji:Janja Dogo|Janja Dogo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Janja Dogo|majadiliano]])''' 10:03, 12 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :Done! '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:18, 12 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == MIS-conceptions == [[:Jamii:Makala_kwa_ufutaji]] should contain '''ONLY''' pages condemned for SPEEDY DELETE like vandalism, etc..., so do NOT use <nowiki>{{futa}}</nowiki> nor <nowiki>{{delete|REASON}}</nowiki>, but instead always use <nowiki>{{vyanzo}}</nowiki>. '''[[Mtumiaji:Hakim Abdazath|Hakim Abdazath]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hakim Abdazath|majadiliano]])''' 14:49, 12 Agosti 2025 (UTC) It is example of FUTA purpose. [[Mtumiaji:Lvova]] wants her userpage permanently deleted so META-hosted userpage will show. Delete [[Mtumiaji:Lvova]] for real as she wish please. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-40114-5|&#126;2025-40114-5]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-40114-5|talk]]) 12:17, 16 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :Thank you. {{Ping|Riccardo Riccioni}} do I have the rights to perform this action? '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:21, 16 Agosti 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] Usijisumbue. Ni wasumbufu wa mjini. Anakuja na jina jipya kila siku. Hicho atakacho hakina faida yoyote kwa kamusi yetu. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 18:16, 16 Agosti 2025 (UTC) Use <nowiki>{{ping|Riccardo Riccioni}}</nowiki> instead, bare "@" is notifying '''NOBODY'''. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-40539-0|&#126;2025-40539-0]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-40539-0|talk]]) 13:50, 16 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:~2025-40539-0|~2025-40539-0]] Si kweli. Ukiweka @ inamjulisha kama ametajwa. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 18:16, 16 Agosti 2025 (UTC) ::Wabheja! @[[Mtumiaji:Muddyb|Muddyb]]'''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 18:38, 16 Agosti 2025 (UTC) Really please delete both [[Lvova]] and [[Mtumiaji:Lvova]], she wants that to be deleted since her META user page https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Lvova does not show from META into THIS wiki. '''[[Mtumiaji:Hakim Abdazath|Hakim Abdazath]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hakim Abdazath|majadiliano]])''' 15:29, 17 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :This was done. '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 15:45, 17 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Kigezo:User Wikimania == Jambo. Sorry for writing in English. Could you please tell me whether my translation on [[Kigezo:User Wikimania]] is correct? ''This user participated in Wikimania {{{1}}}.'' → ''Mtumiaji huyu alishiriki katika Wikimania {{{1}}}.'' Asante. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Volvox|Volvox]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Volvox|majadiliano]])''' 16:52, 17 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :Habari! Yes your translation is correct, and thank you for creating that. '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 16:56, 17 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Reverts == Use REVERT not ROLLBACK, so it will permit edit summary editing. Please write in EDIT summary meaningful reasons instead of using constant [[Maasai]]... mantra, example: https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yericko_Nyerere&action=history In this way TEMP ACCOUNTS will understand what is going. Your and not only your habit should be changed permanently. '''[[Mtumiaji:Hakim Abdazath|Hakim Abdazath]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hakim Abdazath|majadiliano]])''' 09:46, 19 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :What should have been written in that matter give me an example. '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 19 Agosti 2025 (UTC) In this case, instead of [[Maasai]]... HIHI HIHI... there should be written in edit summary: "ji jambo jemba kuendelea kuhariri makala, ila kumbuka unapoongeza taarifa fulani inahitaji chanzo kuthibitisha" Analogously other reasons in other cases. '''[[Mtumiaji:Hakim Abdazath|Hakim Abdazath]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hakim Abdazath|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 19 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :majadiliano |michango |zuia|'''rejesha'''|asante this is what I see and I normally use the bolded one '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:53, 19 Agosti 2025 (UTC) Simply use "tengua" inside edit history instead of "rejesha" to be able to insert custom edit summaries. '''[[Mtumiaji:Hakim Abdazath|Hakim Abdazath]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hakim Abdazath|majadiliano]])''' 09:55, 19 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :We cannot trust outsiders, even established ones. [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uhandisi_wa_reli&diff=1459836&oldid=1459268 WTF]? English vandalisms restored? FYI: already reverted. '''[[Mtumiaji:Wotwo|Wotwo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Wotwo|majadiliano]])''' 14:08, 13 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Misplaced Articles == If trivial page is obstruction, delete it first. Please ALWAYS move articles misplaced on talks and userpages to ARTICLE SPACE, see [[special:contribs/Geoffrey_Kurara]]. Do NOT copypaste, it is to preserve edit history for having all contributors listed there, it is required by WMF licensing terms. '''[[Mtumiaji:Geoffrey Kurara|Geoffrey Kurara]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Geoffrey Kurara|majadiliano]])''' 10:43, 21 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Old Account == Please unblock "Jumanne Rajabu", it was overblow - ONE YEAR, i am sorry for newbie error. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jumane Rajabu|Jumane Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jumane Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 15:52, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :Are you the real J4? I know he wouldn't edit his own article and without credible source. Ok 1 year was not overblow but to showcase this trend of people editing their own articles. Appology accepted. '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 16:01, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) Of course I am the same as "Jumanne Rajabu", and this BAN-ana expected to be lifted ASAP, makes my old account useless to talk with you and R.R. on their own userpages. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jumane Rajabu|Jumane Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jumane Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 16:03, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) Alternatively, you can BAN-anize old "Jumanne Rajabu" account for ever. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jumane Rajabu|Jumane Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jumane Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 16:10, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :I know you can still write on your userpage ref [[:en:Wikipedia:Appealing_a_block|Wikipedia:Appealing a block - Wikipedia]] and you can appeal your block here [[:en:Wikipedia:Unblock_wizard|Wikipedia:Unblock wizard - Wikipedia]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 17:22, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) I do not need any Wizards nor Witchs and that all is on ENGLISH wikipedia separate from SWAHILI wikipedia. Simply YOU please unblock my old account when YOU accepted my apology. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jumane Rajabu|Jumane Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jumane Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 17:33, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :You can still appeal if you think it was unfair block. '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 17:37, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] It's time for soul finding. Do not waste your energy on minor issues. You did your part, let the ball roll on its own. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 19:02, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :::Wakola! '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 19:06, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Explanation == META is one wiki, ENGLISH wikipedia is other wiki, SWAHILI is current wiki, GERMAN wikipedia is different wiki, etc... Telling someone to do something outside SWAHILI wiki instead locally here I do not understand. SWAHILI wiki does not contain any advanced bureaucratic scripts nor wizards, and direct addressing on talk is sole way here. '''[[Mtumiaji:Hakim Abdazath|Hakim Abdazath]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hakim Abdazath|majadiliano]])''' 17:43, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) It is NOT related to current SW-wiki at all. Yes, using of [[w:en:Wikipedia:Unblock_wizard]] will cause ENGLISH admins only to conclude that blockee is NOT blocked at all on ENGLISH wikipedia. '''[[Mtumiaji:Geoffrey Kurara|Geoffrey Kurara]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Geoffrey Kurara|majadiliano]])''' 18:13, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Futa == [[:template:futa]] is nothing but '''disfunctional deficiency''', unable to convey "delete reason". Please copy full code from [[:template:db-meta]] into adminprotected [[:template:futa]] so "delete reason" will be since NOW supported. '''[[Mtumiaji:Reliwei|Reliwei]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Reliwei|majadiliano]])''' 08:39, 4 Septemba 2025 (UTC) :This was done. '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:49, 4 Septemba 2025 (UTC) == [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mchizi Petro]] == From protected [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mchizi Petro]] please BLANK all lines between: "Thank you" and "== Mchizi Petro ==" it is ARTICLE COPY unsuitable for talk page. '''[[Mtumiaji:AlexBongo98|AlexBongo98]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AlexBongo98|majadiliano]])''' 08:02, 5 Septemba 2025 (UTC) :Sure.'''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:19, 5 Septemba 2025 (UTC) So please DELETE it now wholly. '''[[Mtumiaji:AlexBongo98|AlexBongo98]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AlexBongo98|majadiliano]])''' 18:05, 5 Septemba 2025 (UTC) :It’s deleted '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 18:06, 5 Septemba 2025 (UTC) == ABBEY == Please see [[:Jamii:Makala_kwa_ufutaji]] you deleted only one ABBEY page, please delete rest, there are much more to delete. '''[[Mtumiaji:AlexBongo98|AlexBongo98]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AlexBongo98|majadiliano]])''' 20:02, 5 Septemba 2025 (UTC) :Some pages needs improvement and you can do improvement to rescue them. '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 03:46, 6 Septemba 2025 (UTC) == Kigezo == <nowiki>{{tafsiri kompyuta}}</nowiki> ≠ <nowiki>{{futa}}</nowiki> Uhariri ≠ Uharabu '''[[Mtumiaji:AlexBongo98|AlexBongo98]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AlexBongo98|majadiliano]])''' 14:51, 15 Septemba 2025 (UTC) Please see [[:Jamii:Makala_kwa_ufutaji]] you deleted only one KIGEZO page, please delete rest, there are much more to delete. '''[[Mtumiaji:96dudi69|96dudi69]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:96dudi69|majadiliano]])''' 09:45, 29 Septemba 2025 (UTC) :OK. '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:03, 29 Septemba 2025 (UTC) ==Mbegu== Ndugu, naona unapenda bango la mbegu litangulie tanbihi na marejeo, lakini si kawaida. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 09:58, 29 Septemba 2025 (UTC) :Aha sikuliona hilo kwa makala ambazo bango lilikuja chini ya marejeo halafu likafuatiwa na orodha ya marejeo ndio nilirekebisha. Basi ntafanya masahihisho kwa kuongeza (Reflist) chini ya marejeo ili mbegu ije chini baada ya orodha. Ahsante '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:02, 29 Septemba 2025 (UTC) == Kevin Nyerere / Kewin Nyerere == Now please delete all TWO instances of him since he is FICTION and FAKE, see: *https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_Nyerere *https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:Contributions/Horcrux '''[[Mtumiaji:Lupinga Nyinga|Lupinga Nyinga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Lupinga Nyinga|majadiliano]])''' 11:43, 7 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :Done. '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:20, 7 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Duplicate == Please delete [[Δελτα]] and [[Majadiliano:Δελτα]], they are duplicates of [[Delta]] and [[Majadiliano:Delta]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Donna Wanyama|Donna Wanyama]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Donna Wanyama|majadiliano]])''' 08:50, 13 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :This was done. '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:03, 13 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Font Leak == See [[Majadiliano_ya_mtumiaji:Muddyb#Font_Leak]] - Comic Sans MS font leak outside Muddyb signature fixed by me. '''[[Mtumiaji:Donna Wanyama|Donna Wanyama]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Donna Wanyama|majadiliano]])''' 13:59, 13 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Editathon == Is true that EDITATHON was yesterday? Rather [[Wikimedia_Community_Kilimanjaro_2025-26_Monthly_Edit-a-thon/Event_Organizers_Toolkit|TRUE]]! I had some fixing afterwork, even from TEMP ACCOUNT set. '''[[Mtumiaji:Wotwo|Wotwo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Wotwo|majadiliano]])''' 14:43, 13 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :Which one? '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:55, 15 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] Anakutesa tu huyo kaka. Duh! Pole! [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 13:22, 15 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :::Ahsante sana. '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:25, 15 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::::Ndugu, umefuta <nowiki>[[Jamii:Wiki for Minority Tanzania 2025]]</nowiki> yenye makala kadhaa ambazo hivi sasa hazina jamii tena, na jamii mpya uliyoiunda kwa ajili yake ni tupu. Itabaki hivyo mpaka utakapobadili jamii lengwa katika kila makala husika. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 09:37, 24 Machi 2026 (UTC) :::::Ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]], ahsante kwa taarifa, ni kweli ni makosa ya kiufundi nimefanya kubadili jina la jamii na kisha kufuta jamii ya zamani, sikujua kama makala zitabaki yatima bila jamii. nitafanya juhudi ya kuzihamisha makala zote kwenye jamii mpya. Ahsante '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:56, 24 Machi 2026 (UTC) == Viewer == Hi [[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]], nice to see you online in the chat :-) '''[[Mtumiaji:NDG|NDG]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:NDG|majadiliano]])''' 13:06, 27 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :Hello @[[Mtumiaji:NDG|NDG]], ahsante. I'm still familiarizing with the tool. '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:10, 27 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::That's great for your community. I can help you with the basics. '''[[Mtumiaji:NDG|NDG]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:NDG|majadiliano]])''' 13:12, 27 Aprili 2026 (UTC) == You may be an eligible candidate for the U4C election == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Greetings, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] seeks candidates for the 2026 election. The U4C is the global committee responsible for overseeing enforcement of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]]. Elections are held annually, if elected a committee member serves for two years. This year the U4C requires candidates to hold administrator rights on at least one wiki, which is why you are being contacted as you appear to hold this right. There are other requirements, such as candidates must be at least 18 years old and may not be employed by the Wikimedia Foundation or other related chapters and affiliates. You can find more information in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026#Call_for_Candidates|call for candidates on Meta-wiki]]. Additionally, the committee's working language is English; some ability to communicate in English is required. The election opens on 18 May, if you are eligible and interested you have until 10 May to submit your candidacy. There will be a week in between for candidates to answer questions from the community. Voting takes place privately in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/SecurePoll|SecurePoll]], successful candidates must receive at least 60% support. More information is available on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|the 2026 Elections page]], including timelines and other candidacy information. If you read over the material and consider yourself qualified, please consider submitting your name to run for the committee. If you think someone else in your community might be interested and qualified, please encourage them to run. In partnership with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 20:11, 28 Aprili 2026 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/test&oldid=30472482 --> ==Makabila== --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 08:55, 3 Mei 2026 (UTC)Ndugu, katika ukurasa kuhusu [[Orodha ya makabila ya Tanzania|orodha ya makabila ya Tanzania]] umeongeza jedwali ambalo linaelekeza kila kitu kwenye Wikipedia ya Kiingereza kama kwamba ile ya Kiswahili isingekuwa na makala hazo, kumbe zipo. Naomba viungo vyote vielekeze kwenya kurasa za Kiswahili, kwa sababu zipo. Asante na amani kwako! :Ahsante Ndugu, bado niko naendelea kuboresha zaidi. Ahsante '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:39, 3 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::Ile orodha ya awali ya makabila nimeifuta baada ya kuiunganisha na jedwali lako, ambalo bado nilifanyia kazi. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 08:28, 6 Mei 2026 (UTC) :::Ahsante sana Ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]], spidi yangu ilikua ndogo sababu ya changamoto kadhaa, hata hivyo kuna maelezo ya ziada (comments) kwenye orodha ya zamani nitaziweka kwenye jedwali. '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:01, 6 Mei 2026 (UTC) == Ukurasa wa karibu == Huna haja ya kukaribisha watu. Tumeweka roboti la kukaribisha watu lenyewe linafanya kazi. Usihangaike. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 11:07, 23 Mei 2026 (UTC) :Ahsante natesti mitambo '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:19, 23 Mei 2026 (UTC) == Visual editor kwa miradi ya wiki == Habari ndugu {{PAGENAME}}, Natumai u mzima. Naomba nafasi yako kidogo utupe mkono katika kuboresha mifumo yetu ya kiufundi hapa Swahili Wikipedia. Nimeanzisha ombi kule Phabricator ili watuwezeshe kutumia VisualEditor (Mhariri Unaoonekana) kwenye kurasa za miradi na kampeni zetu (`Wikipedia:Namespace`), jambo ambalo litatupunguzia sana mzigo wa kutumia Wiki markup ngumu wakati wa kuandaa warsha, mashindano, au majedwali ya miradi. Ili mafundi wa Wikimedia Foundation wawishe mfumo huu, wanahitaji kuona maridhiano na kura za wanajumuia wetu. Tafadhali naomba upitie hapa katika ukurasa wa Jumuiya kutoa kura yako ya Kuunga Mkono au maoni yako: 👉 [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#Ombi la kuwezesha VisualEditor kwenye kurasa za mradi (Wikipedia Namespace)|Bofya hapa kushiriki na kupiga kura]] Mchango wako wa sekunde chache utasaidia sana kurahisisha kazi ya waratibu na wahariri wote wa jumuia yetu. Shukrani sana. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 09:21, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) :Ahsante Mzee '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele#top|majadiliano]])''' 04:39, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) a4ajmh9a744tqa3yx4jrkol00el3n5x Bongo Star Search 0 113682 1549977 1302047 2026-05-24T19:06:54Z Said Mfaume 68307 1549977 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bongo Star Search''' ni kipindi cha [[televisheni]] cha mashindano ya kutafuta [[Mwimbaji|waimbaji]] bora chipukizi nchini [[Tanzania]]. Kipindi hiki kilianza rasmi mnamo mwaka wa 2006.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bongo Star Search 2026 {{!}} Next Level Revolution|url=https://bongostarsearch.co.tz/|work=bongostarsearch.co.tz|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en}}</ref> Mashindano hayo yalianzishwa na [[Rita Paulsen]] na yanaendeshwa na [[kampuni]] ya Benchmark Production. Ni mashindano yenye tija na hupendwa sana na wasanii chipukizi. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * [https://twitter.com/BongoStarSearch Ukurasa rasmi wa Twitter] * [https://www.facebook.com/BongoStarSearch/ Ukurasa rasmi wa Facebook] {{Mbegu-muziki}} [[Jamii:Televisheni za Tanzania]] bybgm9k2gdr46nt0t8x5s3dzfk6ccxp Rafiki (filamu ya 2018) 0 121926 1549722 1547217 2026-05-24T12:19:32Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549722 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="2" |<big>Rafiki</big> |- |'''Imeongozwa na''' |Wanuri Kahiu<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Kenyan Director Wanuri Kahiu Is Fun, Fierce, Frivolous and Timely|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/features/kenyan-director-wanuri-kahiu-is-fun-fierce-frivolous-timely-1145485|work=The Hollywood Reporter|accessdate=2020-03-05|language=en}}</ref> |- |'''Imetayarishwa na''' |Steven Markovitz |- |'''Wasanii''' |Wanuri Kahiu Jena Cato Bass |- |'''Nyota''' |[https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki Samantha Mugatsia] {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki |date=20201028033653 }} [https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki Sheila Munyiva]{{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki |date=20201028033653 }} {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki 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{{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki 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}} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 |- |'''Sinematografi''' |Christopher Wessels |- |'''Imehaririwa na''' |Isabelle Dedieu |- |'''Imetolewa tar.''' |9 May 2018 ([[Cannes]]) 23 September 2018 (Kenya) |- |'''Ina muda wa dakika''' |82 |- |'''Nchi''' |Kenya |- |'''Lugha''' |Kiingereza Kiswahili |- |'''Mauzo ya Ofisi''' |$176,513<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Rafiki (2018) - Financial Information|url=https://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Rafiki-(Kenya)-(2018)|work=The Numbers|accessdate=2020-03-05|archive-date=2024-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240203144814/https://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Rafiki-(Kenya)-(2018)|url-status=dead}}</ref> |} [[Picha:Wanuri Kahiu at the 2025 Sundance Film Festival (cropped).jpg|thumb|162x162px]] '''Rafiki'''<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=RAFIKI|url=http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/festival/films/rafiki|work=Festival de Cannes 2019|accessdate=2020-03-05|language=en}}</ref> ni [[filamu]] kutoka nchi ya [[Kenya]] iliyotengenezwa katika [[mwaka]] [[2018]]. Filamu imeongozwa na [http://www.wanurikahiu.com/bio Wanuri Kahiu] ambaye ni Mkenya. Yeye aliandika “Rafiki” na Jenna Bass, [[meneja]] wa cinema kutoka [[Afrika ya Kusini]]. == Hadithi == “Rafiki” inahusu wanawake wawili, Kena na Ziki, ambao walianza kupendana. Kena alitoka jiji la Nairobi na alikaa katika nyumba ya mama yake, lakini husaidia katika duka la baba yake. Baba ya Kena alifanya kampeni katika uchaguzi wa serekali ya mtaa. Wakati wa kufanya kazi, Kena alianza kuonyesha mapenzi na Ziki, mwanamke wa mtaa. Lakini, Ziki ni binti la Peter Okemi, mshindani wa baba ya Kena katika uchaguzi wa serekali ya mtaa. Hata hevyo, Ziki na Kena waliendelea mchezo wa datsi nyingi na walikuwa karibukaribu sana. Lakini hawaweza kuonyesha uhusiano wao kwa sababu usenge ni haramu katika nchi ya Kenya. Marafiki wa Ziki walikasirika kwa sababu yeye hutumia wakati mwingi na Kena kwa hivyo walimpiga Kena. Kisha, Ziki alisaidia kupona Kena katika nyumba ya Ziki lakini mama ya Ziki aliona, wakati alienda chumbani, wakibusu. Walijaribu kukimbia lakini kundi la watu wenye waliwapata. Wamekamatwa, kisha wazazi wao walikuja kuwachukua. Baddaye, wazazi wa Ziki wanampeleka jiji la London na wazazi wa Kena walificha hali hiyo yote. Mwisho wa filamu, miaka kadhaa baadaye, Ziki alirudi mtaa na alikutana na Kena tena. Kena alimaliza shule wakaanza tena uhusiano wao. == Washiriki == • Samantha Mugatsia ni Kena<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=What I Learnt from My Lesbian Role in "Rafiki"- Samantha Mugatsia|url=https://www.eelive.ng/what-i-learnt-from-my-lesbian-role-in-rafiki-samantha-mugatsia/|work=Eelive|date=2019-03-13|accessdate=2020-03-05|language=en-US}}</ref> • Sheila Munyiva ni Ziki • Neville Misati ni Blacksta • Nini Wacera ni Mercy • Jimmy Gathu ni John Mwaura • Charlie Karumi ni Waireri • Muthoni Gathecha ni Mama Atim • Dennis Musyoka ni Peter Okemi • Patricia Amira ni Rose Okemi • Nice Githinji ni Nduta • Patricia Kihoro ni Josephine • Mellen Aura ni Elizabeth == Mapokezi == Wakati filamu "Rafiki" ilitolewa watu hawakuruhusiwa kuitazama katika nchi ya Kenya kwa sababu Bodi ya Uainishaji Filamu Nchini Kenya (KFCB) walipiga marufuku filamu<ref>{{Citation|title=Lesbian film banned ahead of Cannes debut|date=2018-04-27|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-43922780|work=BBC News|language=en-GB|access-date=2020-03-05}}</ref>. KFCB walisema ni marufuku kwa sababu ya mada yake ya [[ushoga]] na dhamira ya wazi ya kukuza [[usagaji]] nchini Kenya kinyume na [[sheria]]. Bodi waliomba Wanuri Kahiu abadilishe mwisho wa filamu usiwe tumaini lakini Kahiu alisema hapana. Kwa hiyo, KFCB walionya watu kwamba wakinunua filamu wanaweza kuenda jela. Wapigania haki za ushoga wa kimataifa walikasirika.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Ban of Kenyan film over lesbianism criticised|url=https://www.nation.co.ke/news/Ban-of-Kenyan-film-over-lesbianism-criticised/1056-4535138-iuvqlo/index.html|work=Daily Nation|accessdate=2020-03-05|language=en}}</ref> Kisha, Wanuri Kahiu alidai [[serikali]] ya Kenya kwa sababu alitaka kuingia Tuzo la Chuo (Academy Award) cha Filamu Bora ya Lugha ya Kigeni kwa mwaka tisini na moja za maadhimisho<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Govt Sued for Preventing Kenyan Movie From Winning Oscars|url=https://www.kenyans.co.ke/news/33039-government-sued-preventing-kenyan-movie-winning-oscars|work=Kenyans.co.ke|accessdate=2020-03-05|language=EN|author=Mumbi Mutuko on 11 September 2018-6:45 pm}}</ref>. Mnamo [[21 Septemba]] 2018, [[Mahakama Kuu]] ya Wakenya iliondoa marufuku ya filamu kwa siku saba<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=High Court lifts ban on lesbian movie, dismisses moral police Ezekiel Mutua|url=https://www.tuko.co.ke/286608-high-court-lifts-ban-controversial-lesbian-movie-dismisses-moral-police-ezekiel-mutua.html|work=Tuko.co.ke - Kenya news.|date=2018-09-21|accessdate=2020-03-05|language=en|author=Tuko.co.ke}}</ref>.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=High court lifts ban on lesbian themed movie 'Rafiki'|url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2018-09-21-high-court-lifts-ban-on-lesbian-themed-movie-rafiki/|work=The Star|accessdate=2020-03-05|language=en-KE}}</ref> Baada ya marufuku kutolewa, “Rafiki” iliuzwa kabisa kutoka sinema katika jiji la Nairobi<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Lesbian film Rafiki sells out after Kenyan court lifts ban|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/movies/lesbian-film-rafiki-sells-out-after-kenyan-court-lifts-ban-20180924-p505k2.html|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|date=2018-09-23|accessdate=2020-03-05|language=en|author=Cecilie Kallestrup}}</ref>. Lakini, hata hivyo, “Rafiki” haikuenda Tuzo la Chuo. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} ==Viungo vya nje== *https://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Rafiki-(Kenya)-(2018)#tab=summary {{Wayback|url=https://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Rafiki-(Kenya)-(2018)#tab=summary |date=20240203144814 }} *https://twitter.com/InfoKfcb/status/989837096251781120 *https://www.nation.co.ke/news/Ban-of-Kenyan-film-over-lesbianism-criticised/1056-4535138-iuvqlo/index.html *https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-43922780 *https://www.festival-cannes.com/en/festival/films/rafiki *https://www.kenyans.co.ke/news/33039-government-sued-preventing-kenyan-movie-winning-oscars *https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2018-09-21-high-court-lifts-ban-on-lesbian-themed-movie-rafiki/ *https://www.tuko.co.ke/286608-high-court-lifts-ban-controversial-lesbian-movie-dismisses-moral-police-ezekiel-mutua.html#286608 *https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/movies/lesbian-film-rafiki-sells-out-after-kenyan-court-lifts-ban-20180924-p505k2.html *https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/features/kenyan-director-wanuri-kahiu-is-fun-fierce-frivolous-timely-1145485 *https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} *https://www.eelive.ng/what-i-learnt-from-my-lesbian-role-in-rafiki-samantha-mugatsia/ {{mbegu-filamu}} [[Jamii:Filamu za Kenya]] [[Jamii:filamu za 2018]] kttvx744zthxcdah4p2czsww4zmly5m Shule ya Irente kwa Wasichana Wasioona 0 146877 1549910 1525712 2026-05-24T16:56:41Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549910 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Irente3.jpg|thumb|Irente ikiwa imefunikwa na ukungu]] '''Shule ya Irente kwa Wasichana Wasioona''' ilianzishwa na Dayosisi ya Kaskazini-Mashariki ya [[Kanisa la Kiinjili la Kilutheri Tanzania|KKKT]] mnamo mwaka [[1963]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.isec2000.org.uk/abstracts/papers_o/ojile_1.htm |title=Ojile - Echoing the Voices of the Marginalised/or Excluded in Developing African Countries - ISEC 2000<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2007-12-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071217100808/http://www.isec2000.org.uk/abstracts/papers_o/ojile_1.htm |archive-date=2007-12-17 |url-status=dead |accessdate=2022-02-28 |archivedate=2007-12-17 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071217100808/http://www.isec2000.org.uk/abstracts/papers_o/ojile_1.htm }}</ref> katika [[Milima ya Usambara]] huko [[Lushoto]], [[Tanzania]]. Ni shule ya msingi iliyokuwa na wanafunzi 78 na walimu 15 mnamo mwaka 2021<ref>https://elctned.org/index.php/fee-structure/irente-school-for-the-blind/17-school-background {{Wayback|url=https://elctned.org/index.php/fee-structure/irente-school-for-the-blind/17-school-background |date=20220302160320 }} School Background</ref>. Masomo ni pamoja na mafunzo ya ufundi na [[kilimo]]. ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-elimu}} [[Jamii:Elimu ya Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Wilaya ya Lushoto]] [[Jamii:WikiVibrance_Tanzania]] lu1mo50ufw8h84ganpzhupqds7xy6f8 Pep Guardiola 0 153453 1550225 1523492 2026-05-25T09:19:44Z CommonsDelinker 234 Replacing 2023-10-04_Fußball,_Männer,_UEFA_Champions_League,_RB_Leipzig_-_Manchester_City_FC_1DX_2797_(cropped).jpg with [[File:Josep_Guardiola_2023-10-04_Fußball,_Männer,_UEFA_Champions_League,_RB_Leipzig_-_Manchester_City_FC_1DX_2797_(cropped).jpg]] (by 1550225 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Josep Guardiola 2023-10-04 Fußball, Männer, UEFA Champions League, RB Leipzig - Manchester City FC 1DX 2797 (cropped).jpg|right|thumb|214x214px|Pep Guardiola akiwa na Manchester City mnamo 2023]] '''Josep''' "'''Pep'''" '''Guardiola Sala''' (amezaliwa [[18 Januari]] [[1971]] <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Pep Guardiola|url=http://www.fcbayern.de/en/teams/first-team/pep-guardiola/index.php|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140517124418/http://www.fcbayern.de/en/teams/first-team/pep-guardiola/index.php|archive-date=17 May 2014|access-date=16 May 2014|publisher=fcbayern.de}}</ref>) ni [[meneja]] wa [[soka]] la kulipwa, raia wa [[Hispania|Uhispania]] na mchezaji wa [[mpira wa miguu]] wa zamani, ambaye ni meneja wa klabu ya [[Manchester City]] tangu 2016. Anachukuliwa kuwa mmoja wa wasimamizi muhimu katika historia ya soka. <ref name="greatest1">{{Rejea tovuti|last=Mark|first=Lomas|date=5 August 2013|title=Greatest Managers, No. 18: Pep Guardiola|url=http://www.espn.com/soccer/news/story/_/id/1513648/pep-guardiola|access-date=29 December 2014|publisher=ESPNFC|archive-date=23 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180123035535/http://www.espn.com/soccer/news/story/_/id/1513648/pep-guardiola|url-status=live}}</ref> Na anashikilia rekodi za mechi nyingi mfululizo za ligi alizoshinda kwenye [[La Liga]] akiwa na klabu ya [[Barcelona F.C.]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=31 December 2017|title=Man City fail to match Bayern for longest winning run in Europe's top 5 leagues|url=http://www.espn.co.uk/football/club/manchester-city/382/blog/post/3311049/man-city-fail-to-match-bayern-for-longest-winning-run-in-europes-top-5-leagues|publisher=ESPN|access-date=4 January 2018|archive-date=3 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180103164246/http://www.espn.co.uk/football/club/manchester-city/382/blog/post/3311049/man-city-fail-to-match-bayern-for-longest-winning-run-in-europes-top-5-leagues|url-status=live}}</ref> Guardiola alikuwa [[Kiungo (michezo)|kiungo mkabaji]]. Alitumia muda mwingi wa maisha yake akiwa na Barcelona,Pia alikuwa sehemu ya timu ya [[Johan Cruyff]] iliyoshinda kombe la kwanza la klabu bingwa Ulaya mwaka [[1992]] <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Josep Guardiola – The Boy from Santpedor|url=http://www.spain-football.org/josep-guardiola.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130110210922/http://www.spain-football.org/josep-guardiola.html|archive-date=10 January 2013|access-date=16 January 2013|publisher=spain-football.org|accessdate=2022-07-28|archivedate=2013-01-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130110210922/http://www.spain-football.org/josep-guardiola.html}}</ref>. na kushinda makombe manne mfululizo katika ligi kuu ya Uhispania ([[1991]]-[[1994]]).Alikuwa nahodha wa timu kutoka mwaka [[1997]] hadi [[2001]] alipoondoka katika klabu hiyo.Guardiola aliwahi kucheza [[Brescia]] na [[Roma]] nchini [[Italia]], Al-Ahli ya [[Qatar]], na [[Dorados de Sinaloa]] ya [[Mexiko|Mexico]].Alicheza mara 47 akiwa kama nahodha wa timu ya taifa ya Uhispania , na alicheza  kwenye [[Kombe la Dunia la FIFA]] la mwaka 1994, na vile vile kwenye UEFA Euro ya mwaka [[2000]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1971]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] svtqylcq6g7nen2r1bh71v5deufvopj Starlink 0 163621 1549937 1526155 2026-05-24T18:09:16Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549937 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Startlink''' ni mkusanyiko wa mtandao wa setilaiti unaoendeshwa na SpaceX, <ref>{{Rejea habari|title=SpaceX is about to launch two of its space Internet satellites – the first of nearly 12,000|url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/2/15/17016208/spacex-falcon-9-launch-starlink-microsat-2a-2b-paz-watch-live|publisher=The Verge|date=15 February 2018}}</ref> inayotoa ufikiaji wa mtandao wa setilaiti kwa nchi 46. Pia inalenga huduma ya kimataifa [[Simu za mikononi|ya simu za mkononi]] baada ya 2023. <ref name="cnbc-20220825">{{Rejea tovuti|author=Kolodny|first=Lora|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2022/08/25/spacex-and-t-mobile-team-up-to-use-starlink-satellites.html|title=SpaceX and T-Mobile team up to use Starlink satellites to 'end mobile dead zones'|work=[[CNBC]]|date=25 August 2022|accessdate=26 August 2022}}</ref> SpaceX ilianza kuzindua satelaiti za Kiungo cha nyota mnamo 2019. Kufikia Desemba 2022, Kiungo cha nyota ina zaidi ya setilaiti ndogo 3,300 zilizozalishwa kwa wingi katika obiti ya chini ya Dunia (LEO), <ref name="sn2674441">{{Rejea habari|last=McDowell|first=Jonathan|date=9 July 2022|title=Starlink Launch Statistics|publisher=planet4589|url=https://planet4589.org/space/con/star/stats.html}}</ref> ambazo huwasiliana na vipitishio vilivyoteuliwa vya ardhini . Kwa jumla, karibu satelaiti 12,000 zimepangwa kutumwa, na uwezekano wa upanuzi wa baadaye hadi 42,000. SpaceX ilitangaza kufikia zaidi ya watumiaji milioni moja mnamo Desemba 2022. Kituo cha ukuzaji cha setilaiti cha SpaceX huko Redmond, Washington kinahifadhi timu za utafiti, ukuzaji, utengenezaji, na udhibiti wa mzunguko wa Kiungo cha nyota. Gharama ya mradi wa miaka kumi ya kubuni, kujenga, na kupeleka kundinyota ilikadiriwa na SpaceX mnamo Mei 2018 kuwa angalau dola bilioni 10 za Kimarekani. <ref name="nsf20180517">{{Rejea habari|url=https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2018/05/block-5-spacex-increase-launch-cadence-lower-prices/|title=With Block 5, SpaceX to increase launch cadence and lower prices|last=Baylor|first=Michael|publisher=NASASpaceFlight.com|date=17 May 2018|quote=The system is designed to improve global Internet access by utilizing thousands of satellites in Low Earth orbit. SpaceX President Gwynne Shotwell stated in a TED Talk last month that she expects the constellation to cost at least US$10 billion. Therefore, reducing launch costs will be vital.}}</ref>SpaceX inatarajia zaidi ya dola bilioni 30 katika mapato ifikapo 2025 kutoka kwa satelaiti yake, wakati mapato kutoka kwa biashara yake ya uzinduzi yalitarajiwa kufikia dola bilioni 5 katika mwaka huo huo. <ref>{{Rejea habari|date=13 January 2017|title=Exclusive Peek at SpaceX Data Shows Loss in 2015, Heavy Expectations for Nascent Internet Service|publisher=The Wall Street Journal|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/exclusive-peek-at-spacex-data-shows-loss-in-2015-heavy-expectations-for-nascent-internet-service-1484316455}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea habari|title=SpaceX hopes satellite Internet business will pad thin rocket launch margins|publisher=TechCrunch|url=https://techcrunch.com/2017/01/13/spacex-hopes-satellite-internet-business-will-pad-thin-rocket-launch-margins/}}</ref> Wanaastronomia wameibua wasiwasi kuhusu athari ambayo kundinyota linaweza kuwa nayo kwenye unajimu wa ardhini na jinsi satelaiti hizo zitakavyoongeza mazingira ya obiti ambayo tayari yamesongamana. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/elon-musk-starlink-internet-satellites-trouble-for-astronomy-light-pollution|title=Will Elon Musk's Starlink satellites harm astronomy? Here's what we know.|date=29 May 2019|accessdate=12 March 2021|publisher=National Geographic|archivedate=9 March 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309192056/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/elon-musk-starlink-internet-satellites-trouble-for-astronomy-light-pollution}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.nsf.gov/news/special_reports/jasonreportconstellations/|title=JASON Report on the Impacts of Large Satellite Constellations|publisher=National Science Foundation|accessdate=20 October 2021|archive-date=2021-10-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020165359/https://www.nsf.gov/news/special_reports/jasonreportconstellations/|url-status=dead}}</ref> SpaceX imejaribu kupunguza wasiwasi wa unajimu kwa kutekeleza maboresho kadhaa kwa satelaiti za Kiungo cha nyota zinazolenga kupunguza mwangaza wao wakati wa operesheni. <ref>{{Rejea habari|date=28 April 2020|title=Astronomy Discussion with National Academy of Sciences|url=https://www.spacex.com/updates/starlink-update-04-28-2020/index.html|accessdate=2023-01-29|archivedate=2021-05-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516183544/https://www.spacex.com/updates/starlink-update-04-28-2020/index.html}}</ref> Setilaiti zina vifaa vya kusukuma vya Ukumbi vya [[Kriptoni|krypton]] ambavyo huziruhusu kuacha obiti mwishoni mwa maisha yao. Zaidi ya hayo, satelaiti zimeundwa ili kuepuka migongano kwa uhuru kulingana na data ya ufuatiliaji iliyounganishwa. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Starlink Block v1.0|url=https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/starlink-v1-0.htm|accessdate=1 July 2021|publisher=space.skyrocket.de|archivedate=17 November 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201117160214/https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/starlink-v1-0.htm}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-sayansi}} [[Jamii:Sayansi]] 2uswjpnkgnhxtfrsm0hwqo42s5kno4i Mtumiaji:Muddyb/Mixing 2 185940 1550020 1543506 2026-05-24T20:37:27Z Said Mfaume 68307 /* Mixing ya 9 */ 1550020 wikitext text/x-wiki Orodha ya mixing zangu katika umbo la utayari wa kuandikwa makala zake. ==Mixing ya 2== {| class="wikitable" ! Namba !! Jina la Wimbo !! Msanii |- | 1 || [[Affirmative Action Saint Dennis Style Remix]] || [[Nas]], [[AZ]], [[Foxy Brown]] & [[NTM]] |- | 2 || [[Real Hip Hop]] || [[Das EFX]] |- | 3 || [[Tic Toc]]|| [[Lords of the Underground]] |- | 4 || [[Royalty]] || [[Gang Starr]] |- | 5 || [[Nas Is Like]] || [[Nas]] |- | 6 || [[Shut'Em Down]] || [[Onyx]] ft. [[DMX]] |- | 7 || [[The Worst]] || [[Wu-Tang Clan]] ft. [[Onyx]] |- | 8 || [[Slang Editorial]] || [[Cappadonna]] |- | 9 || [[All I Got Is You]] || [[Ghostface Killah]] |- | 10 || [[5 O'Clock]] || [[Nonchalant]] |- | 11 || [[Nuthin' But a G Thang]] || [[Snoop Dogg]] ft. [[Dr. Dre]] |- | 12 || [[It's a Party]] || [[Busta Rhymes]] ft. [[Zhané]] |- | 13 || [[How We Duu]] || [[Bahamadia]] |- | 14 || [[Tonight's Tha Night]] || [[Kris Kross]] |- | 15 || [[Ready or Not]] || [[Fugees]] |- | 16 || [[I Got 5 on It]] || [[Da Luniz]] |- | 17 || [[Rising to the Top]] || [[Lost Boyz]] |- | 18 || [[Keep Their Heads Ringin']] || [[Dr. Dre]] |- | 19 || [[Phone Tap]] || [[Nas]], [[AZ]], [[Nature]] & [[Dr. Dre]] |} == Mixing ya 3 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Kighettohetto]] |[[Juma Nature]], Biko na King Sapeto |- |2 |[[Kipi Kikusikitishacho]] |[[SOG (kundi la muziki)|SOG]] |- |3 |[[Wapambe Nuksi]] |[[Ugly Faces]] |- |4 |[[Kipe Kitu]] |[[GWM (kundi la muziki)|GWM]] |- |5 |[[Wimbi la Njaa]] |[[FSG (kundi la muziki)|FSG]] |- |6 |[[Fascinating Rhymes]] |[[Taff B]] akishirikiana na [[Professor Jay]] |- |7 |[[Yamenikuta]] |[[GWM (kundi la muziki)|GWM]] akishirikiana na [[Mr. II|Sugu]] |- |8 |[[Gado]] |[[Zay B]] akishirikiana na [[Inspector Haroun]] |- |9 |[[Rap Ndo Yenyewe]] |[[Taff B]] akishirikiana na [[Professor Jay]] |- |10 |[[Jitu]] |LWP |- |11 |[[Hip Hop na Ragga]] |[[Wateule]] |- |12 |[[Kukuru Kakara Zako (KKZ)]] |SOS B |- |13 |[[OPP (wimbo wa Saleh Jabir)|OPP Dubbed]] |[[Saleh Jabir]] |- |14 |[[Ice Ice Baby (wimbo wa Saleh Jabir)|Ice Ice Baby]] |[[Saleh Jabir]] |- |15 |[[Ingekuwa Poa]] |Wandago |- |16 |[[Wanangu wa Mtaani]] |Cool Muzah & Montago |} == Mixing ya 4 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Mauzauza]] |[[Gangwe Mobb]] |- |2 |[[Siku ya Hukumu (wimbo)|Siku ya Hukumu]] |[[Boyz From Most Army|Boyz From The Army]] akishirikiana na [[Inspector Haroun]] |- |3 |[[Kula Kona]] |[[Manzese Crew]] |- |4 |[[Mtani Jirani]] |Joint Mobb akishirikiana na Willy B Blast na [[Juma Nature]] |- |5 |[[Maji ya Shingo]] |[[Daz Nundaz]] |- |6 |[[Kifo cha Nyani]] |Mack Dizzo |- |7 |[[Wimbi la Njaa]] (Remix) |[[Juma Nature]] akishirikiana na [[KR Muller|KR Mullah]] |- |8 |[[Hekaheka za Teacher]] |G-Solo akishirikiana na [[Inspector Haroun]] |- |9 |[[Kindumbwendumbwe]] |Free Dogs Camp (FDC) akishirikiana na Slota |- |10 |[[Dollar 10]] |[[Mr. Paul]] |- |11 |[[Kumwimbia]] |[[Big Dog Pose|BDP]] |- |12 |[[Chocolate (wimbo wa Mr. Paul)|Chocolate]] |[[Mr. Paul]] akishirikiana na Jose Mtambo |- |13 |[[Nakupenda (wimbo wa Lady Jaydee)|Nakupenda]] |[[Lady Jaydee]] akishirikiana na D-Rob |- |14 |[[Tutakukumbuka]] |Gwamaka Kaihura akishirikiana na Top in Dar |- |15 |[[Nyambizi]] |[[Dully Sykes|Prince Dully Sykes]] |- |16 |[[Kosa la Marehemu]] |[[Uswahilini Matola]] |} ==Mixing ya 5== {| class="wikitable" ! Namba !! Jina la Wimbo !! Msanii |- | 1 || [[Ghetto Fabolous]] || [[Ras Kass]] ft. [[Dr. Dre]] & [[Mack 10]] |- | 2 || [[Been There Done That]] || [[Dr. Dre]] |- | 3 || [[East Coast West Coast Killers]] || [[Group Therapy]] |- | 4 || [[Step into the World]] || [[KRS-One]] |- | 5 || [[We Don't Give a Fuck]] || [[The Murderers]] |- | 6 || [[Da Joint]] || [[EPMD]] |- | 7 || [[Woo Ha! Got You All in Check]] || [[Busta Rhymes]] |- | 8 || [[Bow Down]] || [[Westside Connection]] |- | 9 || [[Vocab]] || [[Fugees]] |- | 10 || [[Keep On Keepin']] || [[MC Lyte]] x [[Xscape]] |- | 11 || [[Me Against the World]] || [[Tupac Shakur]] |- | 12 || [[Holdin' Fort]] || [[Naughty by Nature]] |- | 13 || [[A Girl Like You]] || [[Aaliyah]] ft. [[Treach]] |- | 14 || [[Doin' It]] || [[LL Cool J]] |- | 15 || [[Craziest]] || [[Naughty by Nature]] |- | 16 || [[Firm Bizz]] || [[The Firm]] |- | 17 || [[Money Power Respect (Snippet)]] || [[The Lox]] ft. [[DMX]] |} ==Mixing ya 6== {| class="wikitable" ! Namba !! Jina la Wimbo !! Msanii |- | 1 || [[The Anthem]] || [[RZA]], [[Eminem]], [[Tech N9ne]], [[Xzibit]], [[Pharoahe Monch]], [[Chino XL]], [[KRS-One]] |- | 2 || [[Hard Knock Life]] || [[Jay-Z]] |- | 3 || [[Murder Was the Case]] || [[Snoop Dogg]] |- | 4 || [[Natural Born Killer]] || [[Dr. Dre]] ft. [[Ice Cube]] |- | 5 || [[Feel Me Flow]] || [[Naughty by Nature]] |- | 6 || [[All I Need]] || [[Method Man]] ft. [[Mary J. Blige]] |- | 7 || [[Fu-Gee-La]] || [[The Fugees]] |- | 8 || [[Big Poppa]] || [[The Notorious B.I.G.]] |- | 9 || [[Hell on Earth]] || [[Mobb Deep]] |- | 10 || [[Déjà Vu]] || [[Lord Tariq na Peter Gunz]] |- | 11 || [[Gangsta's Paradise]] || [[Coolio]] |- | 12 || [[O.P.P.]] || [[Naughty by Nature]] |- | 13 || [[Still Not a Player]] || [[Big Pun]] ft. [[Joe Thomas]] |- | 14 || [[Gotta Man]] || [[Eve]] |- | 15 || [[Changes]] || [[Tupac Shakur]] |- | 16 || [[C.R.E.A.M.]] || [[Wu-Tang Clan]] |} ==Mixing ya 7== {| class="wikitable" ! Namba !! Jina la Wimbo !! Msanii |- | 1 || [[Did You Ever Think]] || [[R. Kelly]] |- | 2 || [[You Want This Party Started]] || [[Somethin' for the People]] |- | 3 || [[So Good]] || [[Davina]] |- | 4 || [[Freak Like Me]] || [[Adina Howard]] |- | 5 || [[Who Do U Love]] || [[Deborah Cox]] |- | 6 || [[Waterfalls]] || [[TLC]] |- | 7 || [[Never Lie]] || [[Immature]] |- | 8 || [[Hit Me Off]] || [[New Edition]] |- | 9 || [[Life]] || [[Des'ree]] |- | 10 || [[Don't You Love Me]] || [[Eternal]] |- | 11 || [[You Are the One I Love]] || [[Shola Ama]] |- | 12 || [[Weekend Love]] || [[Queen Latifah]] |- | 13 || [[Twisted]] || [[Keith Sweat]] |- | 14 || [[Freek'n You]] || [[Jodeci]] |- | 15 || [[Real Love]] || [[Mary J. Blige]] |- | 16 || [[Hey: Mr. DJ]] || [[Zhané]] |- | 17 || [[Pony]] || [[Ginuwine]] |} ==Mixing ya 8== {| class="wikitable" ! Namba !! Jina la Wimbo !! Msanii |- | 1 || [[Renee]] || [[Lost Boyz]] |- | 2 || [[Chains Remain]] || [[Naughty by Nature]] |- | 3 || [[Flava in Your Ear]] || [[Craig Mack]] |- | 4 || [[Cold Rock a Party]] || [[MC Lyte]] ft. [[Missy Elliott]] |- | 5 || [[Friday]] || [[Ice Cube]] |- | 6 || [[Shimmy Shimmy Ya]] || [[Ol' Dirty Bastard]] (ODB) |- | 7 || [[U.N.I.T.Y.]] || [[Queen Latifah]] |- | 8 || [[It's a Shame]] || [[Monie Love]] |- | 9 || [[Proceed]] || [[The Roots]] |- | 10 || [[The Message]] || [[Nas Escobar]] |- | 11 || [[Hip Hopera]] || [[Bounty Killer]] ft. [[Fugees]] |- | 12 || [[California Love (Remix)]] || [[Tupac]] ft. [[Dr. Dre]] & [[Roger Troutman]] |- | 13 || [[Killing Me Softly]] || [[Fugees]] |- | 14 || [[Prince Igor]] || [[Warren G]] |- | 15 || [[Fuck wit Dre Day (And Everybody's Celebratin')]] || [[Dr. Dre]] ft. [[Snoop Dogg]] |- | 16 || [[What's My Name]] || [[Snoop Doggy Dogg]] |} ==Mixing ya 9== {| class="wikitable" ! Namba !! Jina la Wimbo !! Msanii |- | |[[Baby, i Love Your Way]] |[[Big Mountain]] |- | 1 || [[Jamaican in New York]] || [[Shinehead]] |- | 2 || [[Informer]] || [[Snow]] |- | 3 || [[I Can See Clearly Now]] || [[Jimmy Cliff]] |- | 4 || [[Sweet A Lala Long]] || [[Inner Circle]] |- | 5 || [[Sur et Certain]] || [[Tonton David]] |- | 6 || [[Shine]] || [[Aswad]] |- | 7 || [[No No No]] || [[Dawn Penn]] |- | 8 || [[It Keeps Rainin']] || [[Bitty McLean]] |- | 9 || [[Carolina]] || [[Shaggy]] |- | 10 || [[Gal Wine]] || [[Chaka Demus & Pliers]] |- | 11 || [[Too Short Temper]] || [[Michael Rose]] |- | 12 || [[Committed]] || [[Third World]] |- | 13 || [[Lift Up Your Head]] || [[Everton Blender]] |- | 14 || [[Ting a Ling]] || [[Shabba Ranks]] |- | 15 || [[Champion]] || [[Buju Banton]] |- | 16 || [[Flex]] || [[Mad Cobra]] |- | 17 || [[Just a Little Bit Longer]] || [[Maxi Priest]] |} ==Mixing ya 10== {| class="wikitable" ! Namba !! Jina la Wimbo !! Msanii |- | 1 || [[Nothing Is Gonna Change My Love for You]] || [[Glenn Medeiros]] |- | 2 || [[It Must Have Been Love]] || [[Roxette]] |- | 3 || [[Careless Whisper]] || [[Wham!]] |- | 4 || [[I Wanna Know What Love Is]] || |- | 5 || [[I Will Always Love You]] || [[Whitney Houston]] |- | 6 || [[That's What Friends Are For]] || [[Dionne Warwick]] |- | 7 || [[Right Here Waiting]] || [[Richard Marx]] |- | 8 || [[Everyday I Love You]] || [[Boyzone]] |- | 9 || [[The Power of Love]] || [[Celine Dion]] |- | 10 || [[You're Still the One]] || [[Shania Twain]] |- | 11 || [[I Don't Want to Miss a Thing]] || [[Aerosmith]] |- | 12 || [[You Are Not Alone]] || [[Michael Jackson]] |- | 13 || [[My All]] || [[Mariah Carey]] |- | 14 || [[Un-Break My Heart]] || [[Toni Braxton]] |- | 15 || [[Nothing Compares 2 U]] || [[Sinéad O'Connor]] |- | 16 || [[Torn]] || [[Natalie Imbruglia]] |- | 17 || [[MMMBop]] || [[Hanson]] |- | 18 || [[The Greatest Love of All]] || [[Whitney Houston]] |- | 19 || [[Stuck on You]] || [[Lionel Richie]] |} ==Mixing ya 11== {| class="wikitable" ! Namba !! Jina la Wimbo !! Msanii |- | 1 || [[End of the Road]] || [[Boyz II Men]] |- | 2 || [[Can We Talk]] || [[Tevin Campbell]] |- | 3 || [[Candy Rain]] || [[Soul for Real]] |- | 4 || [[So Many Ways]] || [[The Braxtons]] |- | 5 || [[Making Me High]] || [[Toni Braxton]] |- | 6 || [[I Love Your Smile]] || [[Shanice]] |- | 7 || [[Unpretty]] || [[TLC]] |- | 8 || [[King of Sorrow]] || [[Sade]] |- | 9 || [[How Am I Supposed to Live Without You]] || [[Michael Bolton]] |- | 10 || [[Everything I Do]] || [[Bryan Adams]] |- | 11 || [[Love You Forever]] || [[Jodeci]] |- | 12 || [[Fool Again]] || [[Westlife]] |- | 13 || [[I Swear]] || [[All-4-One]] |- | 14 || [[Especially for You]] || [[Kylie Minogue]] |- | 15 || [[You Make Me Wanna]] || [[Usher Raymond]] |- | 16 || [[Set It Off]] || [[Organize Noize]], [[Andre Martin]] & [[Queen Latifah]] |- | 17 || [[No Diggity]] || [[Blackstreet]] |- | 18 || [[Save the Best for Last]] || [[Vanessa Williams]] |} ==Mixing ya 12== {| class="wikitable" ! Namba !! Jina la Wimbo !! Msanii |- | 1 || [[Sana (wimbo)|Sana]] || [[Kanda Bongo Man]] |- | 2 || [[Shikamoo Seye]] || [[Pepe Kalle]] |- | 3 || [[Mali Bamako]] || [[Aurlus Mabele]] |- | 4 || [[Azalaki Awa]] || [[Gatho Beevans]] |- | 5 || [[Famille Kikuta]] || [[General Defao]] |- | 6 || [[Ya Jean]] || [[Madilu System]] |- | 7 || [[Andrada (wimbo)|Andrada]] || [[Koffi Olomide]] |- | 8 || [[Kala-Yi-Boeing]] || [[Wenge Musica]] |- | 9 || [[Fred Nelson]] || [[Extra Musica]] |- | 10 || [[Losambo]] || [[Extra Musica]] |- | 11 || [[Gâté le Coin]] || [[Awilo Longomba]] |- | 12 || [[Pondération 8]] || [[Blaise Bula]] |- | 13 || [[R.D.C. (wimbo)|R.D.C.]] || [[Wenge Musica BCBG]] |- | 14 || [[Chez Ntemba]] || [[General Defao]] na [[Suke Chili]] |- | 15 || [[Wallow (wimbo)|Wallow]] || [[Kanda Bongo Man]] |- | 16 || [[Liste Rouge]] || [[Aurlus Mabele]] |} ==Mixing ya 13== {| class="wikitable" ! Namba !! Jina la Wimbo !! Msanii |- | 1 || [[Can't Be with You Tonight]] || [[Judy Boucher]] |- | 2 || [[Dreaming of a Little Island]] || [[Judy Boucher]] |- | 3 || [[That Night We Met]] || [[Judy Boucher]] |- | 4 || [[Turn Back the Time]] || [[Judy Boucher]] |- | 5 || [[Loving You (wimbo wa Judy Boucher)|Loving You]] || [[Judy Boucher]] |- | 6 || [[I Was Such a Fool]] || [[Judy Boucher]] |- | 7 || [[Lovely Paradise]] || [[Judy Boucher]] |- | 8 || [[You Caught My Eye]] || [[Judy Boucher]] |- | 9 || [[Lovely Paradise (MAE)]] || [[Judy Boucher]] |- | 10 || [[You Close the Door]] || [[Judy Boucher]] |- | 11 || [[Mr. Dream Maker]] || [[Judy Boucher]] |- | 12 || [[I Will Always Love You (wimbo wa Judy Boucher)|I Will Always Love You]] || [[Judy Boucher]] |- | 13 || [[Tears on My Pillow (wimbo wa Judy Boucher)|Tears on My Pillow]] || [[Judy Boucher]] |- | 14 || [[Am I Losing You (wimbo wa Judy Boucher)|Am I Losing You]] || [[Judy Boucher]] |} ==Mixing ya 14== {| class="wikitable" ! Namba !! Jina la Wimbo !! Msanii |- | 1 || [[Alane]] || [[Wes Madiko]] |- | 2 || [[Dibi Dibi Rek]] || [[Ismaël Lô]] |- | 3 || [[Afrika (wimbo wa Salif Keita)|Afrika]] || [[Salif Keita]] |- | 4 || [[Me Nya Ntaban]] || [[Kojo Antwi]] |- | 5 || [[Hoza]] || [[Nigui Saff K-Dance]] |- | 6 || [[Zéngué Militaire]] || [[Mpande Star]] |- | 7 || [[Premier Gaou]] || [[Magic System]] |- | 8 || [[Souvenir de Kinshasa]] || [[Damien Aziwa]] |- | 9 || [[Alice ça Glisse]] || [[Francky Vincent]] |- | 10 || [[La Sé Sel Médikaman Nou Ni]] || [[Kassav']] |- | 11 || [[Adia]] || [[Oliver N'Goma]] |- | 12 || [[Okaman]] || [[Monique Séka]] |- | 13 || [[Amio]] || [[Bébé Manga]] |- | 14 || [[Agolo]] || [[Angélique Kidjo]] |- | 15 || [[Birima]] || [[Youssou N'Dour]] |- | 16 || [[Brrrlak!]] || [[Zap Mama]] |- | 17 || [[Special Star]] || [[Mango Groove]] |} ==Mixing ya 15== {| class="wikitable" ! Namba !! Jina la Wimbo !! Msanii |- | 1 || [[Piece of My Heart]] || [[Shaggy]] X [[Marsha Morrison]] |- | 2 || [[L-Lies]] || [[Diana King]] |- | 3 || [[That Girl]] || [[Maxi Priest]] X [[Shaggy]] |- | 4 || [[Who Am I]] || [[Beenie Man]] |- | 5 || [[Mysterious Girl]] || [[Peter James Andre]] |- | 6 || [[Next to You]] || [[Aswad]] |- | 7 || [[Wild World]] || [[Maxi Priest]] |- | 8 || [[Dedicated to the One I Love]] || [[Bitty McLean]] |- | 9 || [[Housecall]] || [[Shabba Ranks]] X [[Maxi Priest]] |- | 10 || [[She Don't Let Nobody]] || [[Chaka Demus]] feat. [[Pliers]] |- | 11 || [[Something Different]] || [[Shaggy]] X [[Wayne Wonder]] |- | 12 || [[Girlie Girlie]] || [[Sophia George]] |- | 13 || [[Shy Guy]] || [[Diana King]] |- | 14 || [[Bubbling Hot]] || [[Pato Banton]] |- | 15 || [[Heads High]] || [[Mr. Vegas]] |- | 16 || [[Murder She Wrote]] || [[Chaka Demus]] X [[Pliers]] |- | 17 || [[Mr. Loverman]] || [[Shabba Ranks]] |- | 18 || [[Is This Love]] || [[Bob Marley]] |- | 19 || [[Sweet Fanta Diallo]] || [[Alpha Blondy]] |} ==Mixing 17== {| class="wikitable" ! Namba !! Jina la Wimbo !! Msanii |- | 1 || [[Ain't Nobody]] || [[Chaka Khan]] |- | 2 || [[A Little Bit of Love]] || [[New Edition]] |- | 3 || [[And the Beat Goes On]] || [[The Whispers]] |- | 4 || [[All Night Long]] || [[Lionel Richie]] |- | 5 || [[All That She Wants]] || [[Ace of Base]] |- | 6 || [[Always]] || [[James Ingram]] |- | 7 || [[Angelina]] || [[Caiphus Semenya]] |- | 8 || [[Fantasy]] || [[Black Box]] |- | 9 || [[Change on Me]] || [[Flash]] |- | 10 || [[Automatic]] || [[The Pointer Sisters]] |- | 11 || [[La Isla Bonita]] || [[Madonna]] |- | 12 || [[For Tonight]] || [[Nancy Martinez]] |- | 13 || [[I'm Burning Up]] || [[Yvonne Chaka Chaka]] |- | 14 || [[All Fall Down]] || [[Five Star]] |- | 15 || [[Beautiful Island of Zanzibar]] || [[Sipho Mabuse]] |- | 16 || [[Sweet Mama]] || [[Pat Shange]] |- | 17 || [[I've Been Thinking About You]] || [[Klaas]] & [[London Beat]] |- | 18 || [[Viva Forever]] || [[Spice Girls]] |- | 19 || [[Thinking About Your Love]] || [[Kenny Thomas]] |- | 20 || [[Hi-Life]] || [[Wally Badarou]] |} ==Mixing 18== {| class="wikitable" ! Namba !! Jina la Wimbo !! Msanii |- | 1 || [[Stranded]] || [[Lutricia McNeal]] |- | 2 || [[You Might Need Somebody]] || [[Shola Ama]] |- | 3 || [[Angel of Mine]] || [[Monica]] |- | 4 || [[He Wasn't Man Enough]] || [[Toni Braxton]] |- | 5 || [[Believe]] || [[Cher]] |- | 6 || [[Barbie Girl]] || [[Aqua]] |- | 7 || [[A Thousand Miles]] || [[Vanessa Carlton]] |- | 8 || [[Wishing I Was There]] || [[Natalie Imbruglia]] |- | 9 || [[Nobody's Wife]] || [[Anouk]] |- | 10 || [[It Feels So Good]] || [[Sonique]] |- | 11 || [[Be My Lover]] || [[La Bouche]] |- | 12 || [[Return of the Mack]] || [[Mark Morrison]] |- | 13 || [[One for the Money]] || [[Horace Brown]] |- | 14 || [[No Scrubs]] || [[TLC]] |- | 15 || [[Heartbreak Hotel]] || [[Whitney Houston]] feat. [[Faith Evans]] & [[Kelly Price]] |- | 16 || [[Unleash the Dragon]] || [[Sisqó]] |- | 17 || [[How Deep Is Your Love]] || [[Dru Hill]] |- | 18 || [[All in My Grill]] || [[Missy Elliott]] |- | 19 || [[Hate Me Now]] || [[Nas]] feat. [[P. Diddy]] |- | 20 || [[Ain't That Just the Way]] || [[Lutricia McNeal]] |} == Mixing ya 22 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Matabisi]] |[[Luciana Demingongo]] na [[Nouvelle Génération]] |- |2 |[[Mbongo (wimbo)|Mbongo]] |[[Mayaula Mayoni]] |- |3 |[[Biya (wimbo)|Biya]] |[[Madilu System]] |- |4 |[[Maya (wimbo wa Nyboma)|Maya]] |[[Nyboma]] |- |5 |[[Zenab]] |[[Loketo]] |- |6 |[[Pon Moun Paka Bougé]] |[[Pepe Kalle]] |- |7 |[[Embargo (wimbo)|Embargo]] |[[Loketo]] |- |8 |[[Bibalabala]] |[[Awilo Longomba]] |- |9 |[[Anicet]] |[[Nyboma]] akishirikiana na [[Koffi Olomide]] |- |10 |[[Khadydja]] |[[Aurlus Mabele]] |- |11 |[[Mbuta Mutu]] |[[Yondo Sister]] |} == Mixing ya 23 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Kisiki cha Mpingo]] |[[Mchinga Sound]] |- |2 |[[Jirani (wimbo)|Jirani]] |[[The African Stars Band]] (Twanga Pepeta) |- |3 |[[Maya (wimbo wa Mafumu Bilali)|Maya]] |[[Mafumu Bilali]] |- |4 |[[Masimango (wimbo)|Masimango]] |[[TOT Band]] |- |5 |[[Fadhila kwa Wazazi]] |[[Mchinga Sound]] |- |6 |[[Ngondoigwa]] |[[Bantu Group]] |- |7 |[[Binadamu (wimbo)|Binadamu]] |[[Wajelajela Original]] |} == Mixing ya 24 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Ole Bado Wasumbuka]] |[[Juwata Jazz Band]] |- |2 |[[Homa Imenizidia]] |[[Orchestra Safari Sound]] |- |3 |[[Ngalula]] |[[Orchestra Maquis Original]] |- |4 |[[Editha]] |[[DDC Mlimani Park Orchestra]] |- |5 |[[Francisca]] |[[Legho Stars]] |- |6 |[[Usia (wimbo)|Usia]] |[[Marijani Rajab]] |- |7 |[[Tabu (Ni Wewe Nikupendaye)]] |[[The Six Manyara]] |- |8 |[[Tulipotoka ni Mbali]] |[[Juwata Jazz Band]] |- |9 |[[Pata Potea]] |[[DDC Mlimani Park Orchestra]] |} ==Mixing ya 26== {| class="wikitable" ! Namba !! Jina la Wimbo !! Msanii |- | 1 || [[Bow Wow (That’s My Name)]] || [[Lil Bow Wow]] |- | 2 || [[Case of the Ex (Whatcha Gonna Do)]] || [[Mya]] |- | 3 || [[It Wasn’t Me]] || [[Shaggy]] featuring [[Ricardo “RikRok” Ducent]] |- | 4 || [[Ms. Jackson]] || [[OutKast]] |- | 5 || [[Hit Em Up Style]] || [[Blue Cantrell]] |- | 6 || [[Cluck Cluck]] || [[The Product G&B]] with [[Wyclef]] |- | 7 || [[Always On Time]] || [[Ja Rule]] featuring [[Ashanti]] |- | 8 || [[Break Ya Neck]] || [[Busta Rhymes]] |- | 9 || [[Girls, Girls, Girls]] || [[Jay-Z]] |- | 10 || [[Let Me Return the Favor]] || [[Andrea Martin]] |- | 11 || [[Pop That Booty]] || [[Marques Houston]] ft. [[Jermaine Dupri]] |- | 12 || [[Welcome to Atlanta]] || [[Jermaine Dupri]] & [[Ludacris]] |- | 13 || [[Bump, Bump, Bump]] || [[B2K]] & [[P. Diddy]] |- | 14 || [[Dilemma]] || [[Nelly]] featuring [[Kelly Rowland]] |- | 15 || [[No Letting Go]] || [[Wayne Wonder]] |- | 16 || [[There You Go]] || [[Pink]] |- | 17 || [[Survivor]] || [[Destiny's Child]] |- | 18 || [[Shackles (Praise You)]] || [[Mary Mary]] |- | 19 || [[I Wanna Know]] || [[Joe Thomas]] |- | 20 || [[Seven Days]] || [[Craig David]] |} == Mixing ya 27 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Nalala kwa Tabu]] |[[DDC Mlimani Park Orchestra]] |- |2 |[[Neema (wimbo wa Mlimani Park)|Neema]] |[[DDC Mlimani Park Orchestra]] |- |3 |[[Talaka ya Hasira]] |[[DDC Mlimani Park Orchestra]] |- |4 |[[Kiguu na Njia]] |[[DDC Mlimani Park Orchestra]] |- |5 |[[Naomi (wimbo)|Naomi]] |[[DDC Mlimani Park Orchestra]] |- |6 |[[Nashukuru Wazazi Wangu]] |[[DDC Mlimani Park Orchestra]] |- |7 |[[Gama (wimbo)|Gama]] |[[DDC Mlimani Park Orchestra]] |- |8 |[[Barua Toka kwa Mama]] |[[DDC Mlimani Park Orchestra]] |- |9 |[[Tumetoka Mbali]] |[[DDC Mlimani Park Orchestra]] |} == Mixing ya 28 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Kitu Gani]] |[[D-Knob]] akishirikiana na [[Q Jay]] |- |2 |[[Eh Mola]] |[[HBC (kundi)|HBC]] |- |3 |[[Bundasliga]] |[[Gangwe Mob]] akishirikiana na HB & Ommy G |- |4 |[[Jamaa (wimbo)|Jamaa]] |[[Born Crew]] |- |5 |[[Bamiza]] |[[X Plastaz]] |- |6 |[[Nje Ndani]] |[[Gangwe Mobb]] |- |7 |[[Bang! (wimbo)|Bang!]] |[[Benjamin wa Mambo Jambo]] |- |8 |[[Haina Baadaye]] |[[Jose Mtambo]] |- |9 |[[Tunasonga]] |Dogo na Pina |- |10 |[[Elimu Mitaani]] |[[D-Knob]] |- |11 |[[Nakuzimia]] |[[Mr. Paul]] |- |12 |[[Cheza kwa Step]] |[[Jay Moe]] akishirikiana na [[Albert Mangwair|Ngwair]] |- |13 |[[Simu Yangu]] |[[Solo Thang]] akishirikiana na [[Jay Moe]] & [[Soggy Doggy]] |- |14 |[[Athumani Mlevi]] |[[Solid Ground Family]] |} == Mixing ya 29 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Laazizi]] |[[Mack D]] akishirikiana na [[Unique Sisters]] |- |2 |[[Summertime (wimbo wa Unique Sisters)|Summertime]] |Unique Sisters |- |3 |[[Mstari wa Mbele]] |[[Kalapina]] |- |4 |[[Muziki ni Fani]] |Crazy Buffa |- |5 |[[Hakuna Noma]] |Simple X, [[Inspector Haroun]] na [[Joseph Leonard Haule|Professor Jay]] |- |6 |[[Wanoknok]] |[[Mandojo na Domokaya]] akishirikiana na [[Lady Jaydee]] |- |7 |[[Bush Party]] |[[Solid Ground Family]] |- |8 |[[Mwanangu Huna Nidhamu]] |[[Dudu Baya]] |- |9 |[[Mangilimaa]] |[[Wateule]] akishirikiana na [[Necessary Noize]] |- |10 |[[Please Forgive Me (wimbo wa P. Funk)|Please Forgive Me]] |[[P-Funk Majani]] akishirikiana na [[Dully Sykes]] |- |11 |[[Kwenye Chati]] |[[Balozi Dola Soul]] |- |12 |[[Acha (wimbo)|Acha]] |[[Kwanza Unit]] |- |13 |[[Kighettoghetto|Kighettoghetto (Remix)]] |[[Juma Nature]] akishirikiana na [[Mr. Paul]] |- |14 |[[Showtime (wimbo)|Showtime]] |[[Mwana FA]] |} == Mixing ya 30 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Julie (wimbo)|Julie]] |[[Washirika Stars]] / [[Bantu Group (bendi)|Bantu Group]] |- |2 |[[Penzi la Ulaghai]] |[[Washirika Stars]] / [[Bantu Group (bendi)|Bantu Group]] |- |3 |[[Vicky (wimbo)|Vicky]] |[[Washirika Stars]] / [[Bantu Group (bendi)|Bantu Group]] |- |4 |[[Mkanda wa Mapenzi]] |[[Washirika Stars]] / [[Bantu Group (bendi)|Bantu Group]] |- |5 |[[Kayumba (wimbo)|Kayumba]] |[[Washirika Stars]] / [[Bantu Group (bendi)|Bantu Group]] |- |6 |[[Katie (wimbo)|Katie]] |[[Washirika Stars]] / [[Bantu Group (bendi)|Bantu Group]] |- |7 |[[Kulala Sebuleni]] |[[Washirika Stars]] / [[Bantu Group (bendi)|Bantu Group]] |- |8 |[[Kisa (wimbo)|Kisa]] |[[Washirika Stars]] / [[Bantu Group (bendi)|Bantu Group]] |- |9 |[[Baba Jeni No. 3]] |[[Washirika Stars]] / [[Bantu Group (bendi)|Bantu Group]] |} == Mixing ya 31 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Kwenye Line]] |[[Manundaz]] |- |2 |[[Mtoto wa Kiume]] |[[Geez Mabovu]] |- |3 |[[Nieleze]] |Nyasi akishirikiana na [[Nay wa Mitego]] |- |4 |[[Roho Mbaya]] |[[TMK Wanaume|TMK Unit]] |- |5 |[[Nolilaga]] |[[Jumanne Iddi]] |- |6 |[[Vinapanda Bei]] |Blad Key |- |7 |[[Tangu Nitoke Jela]] |Spack |- |8 |[[Neila]] |[[Tunda Man]] akishirikiana na [[Chid Benz]] |- |9 |[[Itafahamika]] |[[Nay wa Mitego]] |- |10 |[[Dar Stand Up]] |[[Chid Benz]] akishirikiana na [[Lameck Ditto|Ditto]] |- |11 |[[Fagilia (wimbo)|Fagilia]] |[[Soggy Doggy]] Hunter |- |12 |[[Naja (wimbo)|Naja]] |Squeezer akishirikiana na [[Juma Nature]] |- |13 |[[Namba 8]] |[[Daz Baba]] akishirikiana na [[Fid Q]] |- |14 |[[Mnizoe]] |Scout Jenta |- |15 |[[Kimeo]] |Soneli akishirikiana na Big Jahman |} == Mixing ya 32 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Binamu (wimbo wa Mwana FA)|Binamu]] |[[Mwana FA]] |- |2 |[[Black (wimbo)|Black]] |[[Pig Black]] |- |3 |[[CNN (wimbo)|CNN]] |[[Albert Mangwair|Ngwair]] akishirikiana na [[Fid Q]] |- |4 |[[Hatuwezi]] |[[Nako 2 Nako]] (Snippet) |- |5 |[[Story Tatu Tofauti]] |[[Jay Moe]] |- |6 |[[Usiniache]] |[[Chelea Man]] |- |7 |[[Zero (wimbo)|Zero]] |[[Witness]] akishirikiana na [[Fid Q]] |- |8 |[[Unga Robo]] |[[TMK Wanaume Halisi]] akishirikiana na [[Fid Q]] na [[Professor Jay]] |- |9 |[[La Kuvunda]] |[[Juma Nature]] |- |10 |[[Swaga Zangu]] |Picco |- |11 |[[Style Tatu]] |Stopper |- |12 |[[Tonight (wimbo wa Yaki Bozi)|Tonight]] |Yaki Bozi |- |13 |[[Karibu Tena]] |[[Joh Makini]] |- |14 |[[Business (wimbo)|Business]] |[[Izzo Bizness]] akishirikiana na [[Suma Lee]] |- |15 |[[Bongo Flava (wimbo)|Bongo Flava]] |[[Dully Sykes]] |- |16 |[[Moto wa Tipa]] |[[Zola D]] |} == Mixing ya 33 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Sihitaji]] |[[Jay Moe]] akishirikiana na [[Lord Eyes]] |- |2 |[[Kaunta ya Juu]] |[[Chege]] akishirikiana na Y Dash |- |3 |[[Najua (wimbo)|Najua]] |[[Berry Black]] |- |4 |[[Latifah]] |[[MB Doggy]] akishirikiana na [[Madee]] |- |5 |[[Lonely (wimbo wa Sam wa Ukweli)|Lonely]] |[[Sam wa Ukweli]] |- |6 |[[Kazi Ipo]] |[[TMK Wanaume]] |- |7 |[[Kichekesho]] |[[Witness]] |- |8 |[[Gangster au Sharobaro]] |[[TMK Wanaume|TMK Unit]] akishirikiana na [[Feroouz]] |- |9 |[[Kamba 2 Kamba]] |[[Mexicana Lacavela]] |- |10 |[[Mtoto wa Mjini]] |[[Pig Black]] |- |11 |[[Nikikupata]] |[[Ben Pol]] |- |12 |[[Bila Kukunja Goti]] |[[Mwana FA]] akishirikiana na [[Mwanaume wa Shaba|AY]] na Jay Martin |- |13 |[[Enzi Zetu]] |[[Mh. Temba]] |- |14 |[[Hakuna Kulala]] |[[Juma Nature]] |- |15 |[[Kingzilla]] |[[Godzilla (mwanamuziki)|Godzilla]] |} == Mixing ya 34 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Unanitega]] |[[Noura]] akishirikiana na [[Mwana FA]] |- |2 |[[Kuwa na Wewe]] |[[Two Berry|2Berry]] |- |3 |[[Kibanda cha Simu]] |[[Soggy Doggy]] |- |4 |[[Chungwa (wimbo)|Chungwa]] |[[Suma Lee]] |- |5 |[[Bongo.com]] |[[TNG Squad]] |- |6 |[[Nilikataa]] |[[Top Band]] |- |7 |[[Nitoke Vipi]] |[[Bwana Misosi]] |- |8 |[[Hai (wimbo)|Hai]] |[[Dully Sykes]] |- |9 |[[Twenzetu]] |[[TMK Wanaume]] |- |10 |[[Mzee wa Busara]] |[[Juma Nature]] na [[Inspector Haroun]] |- |11 |[[Ninakupenda]] |[[Abby Skills]], Zahran na [[Dully Sykes]] |- |12 |[[Jina Langu]] |[[Professor Jay]] |- |13 |[[Vina Utata]] |[[Solo Thang]] |- |14 |[[Nipe Mimi]] |[[Mh. Temba]] akishirikiana na [[Ray C]] |- |15 |[[Let's Go Down]] |[[CMB Prezzo]] akishirikiana na [[Nazizi]] |- |16 |[[Mosi Mosi]] |[[E-Sir]] akishirikiana na Lenny |} == Mixing ya 35 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Tama (Sugar Dad)]] |[[Lady Isa]] |- |2 |[[Kuteleza]] |Lady Isa |- |3 |[[Ndombolo]] |[[JB Mpiana]] |- |4 |[[Dunia Ina Mambo (wimbo wa Lady Isa)|Dunia Ina Mambo]] |Lady Isa |- |5 |[[Dunia Ina Mambo (wimbo wa The Mighty Cavaliers)|Dunia Ina Mambo]] |The Mighty Cavaliers |- |6 |[[Vunja Mifupa]] |[[Samba Mapangala]] |- |7 |[[Poison (wimbo wa Zaiko Langa Langa)|Poison]] |[[Zaïko Langa Langa]] |- |8 |[[Butu na Moyi]] |[[Makoma]] |- |9 |[[Karibu Yangu]] |[[Tshala Muana]] |- |10 |[[Likayabu]] |[[Abeti Masikini]] |- |11 |[[Munanga]] |[[Tshala Muana]] |- |12 |[[Nakei Nairobi]] |[[Mbilia Bel]] |} ==Mixing ya 36== {| class="wikitable" ! Namba !! Jina la Wimbo !! Msanii |- | 1 || [[Girl You Know It's True]] || [[Milli Vanilli]] |- | 2 || [[Hooray! Hooray! It's a Holi-Holiday]] || [[Boney M.]] |- | 3 || [[I Have a Dream]] || [[ABBA]] |- | 4 || [[Girl I'm Gonna Miss You]] || [[Milli Vanilli]] |- | 5 || [[Miss You Like Crazy]] || [[Natalie Cole]] |- | 6 || [[Don't Forget My Number]] || [[Milli Vanilli]] |- | 7 || [[Red Red Wine]] || [[UB40]] |- | 8 || [[The Best (Simply the Best)]] || [[Tina Turner]] |- | 9 || [[Blame It on the Rain]] || [[Milli Vanilli]] |- | 10 || [[Saving All My Love for You]] || [[Whitney Houston]] |- | 11 || [[Time After Time]] || [[Cyndi Lauper]] |- | 12 || [[Hello]] || [[Lionel Richie]] |- | 13 || [[Chiquitita]] || [[ABBA]] |- | 14 || [[There’s No Stopping Us]] || [[Ollie & Jerry]] |- | 15 || [[Let's Go Dancing (Ooh La, La, La)]] || [[Kool & the Gang]] |} ==Mixing ya 37== {| class="wikitable" ! Namba !! Jina la Wimbo !! Msanii |- | 1 || [[Love to Love]] || [[Timbaland & Magoo]] |- | 2 || [[Money, Power, Respect]] || [[The LOX]] ft. [[DMX]] |- | 3 || [[So Many Ways]] || [[The Braxtons]] |- | 4 || [[Dance with Me]] || [[Sisqó]] |- | 5 || [[Maria Maria]] || [[Carlos Santana]] ft. [[The Product G&B]] |- | 6 || [[Can't Nobody Hold Me Down]] || [[Puff Daddy]] ft. [[Mase]] |- | 7 || [[Worst Comes to Worst]] || [[Dilated Peoples]] |- | 8 || [[Set It Off]] || [[Organized Noize]] ft. [[Queen Latifah]] |- | 9 || [[Everything]] || [[Mary J. Blige]] |- | 10 || [[No Diggity]] || [[Blackstreet]] ft. [[Dr. Dre]] & [[Queen Pen]] |- | 11 || [[You're Makin' Me High]] || [[Toni Braxton]] |- | 12 || [[Sunshine]] || [[Naughty by Nature]] |- | 13 || [[If I Ruled the World (Imagine That)]] || [[Nas]] ft. [[Lauryn Hill]] |- | 14 || [[You Make Me Wanna]] || [[Usher Raymond]] |- | 15 || [[Just Dance]] || [[Lady Gaga]] |- | 16 || [[Give In to Me]] || [[Michael Jackson]] |} == Mixing ya 38 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Wanapagawa]] |[[Jebby]] |- |2 |[[Ametoroka]] |[[Bizzman]] |- |3 |[[Hakunaga]] |[[Suma Lee]] |- |4 |[[Hawalali]] |[[Dully Sykes|Dullayo]] |- |5 |[[Kesho (wimbo)|Kesho]] |[[Diamond Platnumz]] |- |6 |[[Fungua (wimbo)|Fungua]] |Makavu Live akishirikiana na [[Joslin]] |- |7 |[[Kidali Po]] |[[Mr. Nice]] |- |8 |[[Aseme]] |[[Q Chief]] |- |9 |[[Na wewe Milele]] |[[Ray C]] |- |10 |[[Marry Me (wimbo wa Rich Mavoko)|Marry Me]] |[[Rich Mavoko]] |- |11 |[[Uko Wapi]] |[[Ray C]] |- |12 |[[Mapenzi Yangu]] |[[Ray C]] |- |13 |[[Sista Sista]] |[[Crazy GK]] akishirikiana na [[Pauline Zongo]] |- |14 |[[Mapato (wimbo)|Mapato]] |[[Juma Nature]] akishirikiana na [[K-South]] |} == Mixing ya 39 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Kaokokorobo]] |[[Papa Wemba]] na [[Viva La Musica]] |- |2 |[[Yolele]] |[[Papa Wemba]] |- |3 |[[Wake Up (wimbo)|Wake Up]] |[[Papa Wemba]] akishirikiana na [[Koffi Olomide]] |- |4 |[[Show Me the Way (wimbo wa Papa Wemba)|Show Me the Way]] |[[Papa Wemba]] |- |5 |[[Si Si Si]] |[[Koffi Olomide]] akishirikiana na [[Coumba Gawlo]] |- |6 |[[Wombo Lombo]] |[[Angélique Kidjo]] |- |7 |[[Chez Ntemba]] |[[General Defao]] na [[Suke Chili]] |- |8 |[[Oulé]] |[[Kassav']] |- |9 |[[Fruit de la passion]] |[[Francky Vincent]] |- |10 |[[Awa Awa]] |[[Wes Madiko]] |- |11 |[[Bane (wimbo)|Bane]] |[[Oliver N'Goma]] |- |12 |[[Papa Stop the War]] |[[Chicco Twala]] |- |13 |[[Fred Nelson]] |[[Extra Musica]] |} == Mixing ya 40 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Langu Jicho]] |[[Zanzibar Stars Modern Taarab]] |- |2 |[[Msabasi]] |[[East African Melody]] |- |3 |[[Nakubali Majaaliwa]] |[[Zanzibar Stars Modern Taarab]] |- |4 |[[Manusura]] |[[Zanzibar Stars Modern Taarab]] |} == Mixing ya 41 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Shibobo]] |[[TKZee]] |- |2 |[[Vul'indlela]] |[[Brenda Fassie]] |- |3 |[[Melody (wimbo wa Pamela Nkutha)|Melody]] |Pamela Nkutha |- |4 |[[KwaZulu-Natal (wimbo)|KwaZulu-Natal]] |[[Mzwakhe Mbuli]] |- |5 |[[Thank You Mr. DJ]] |[[Yvonne Chaka Chaka]] |- |6 |[[We Miss You Manelow]] |[[Chicco Twala]] |- |7 |[[No No No Mokanzenjee]] |[[Brenda Fassie]] |- |8 |[[Papa Stop the War]] |[[Chicco Twala]] akishirikiana na [[Mzwakhe Mbuli]] |- |9 |[[Shebeleza]] |[[Joe Mafela]] |- |10 |[[Burn Out]] |[[Sipho "Hotstix" Mabuse]] |- |11 |[[Sweet Mama]] |[[Pat Shange]] |- |12 |[[Nakupenda (wimbo wa Brenda Fassie)|Nakupenda]] |[[Brenda Fassie]] |- |13 |[[Who's Got the Power]] |[[Yvonne Chaka Chaka]] |- |14 |[[Nomari]] |[[Chicco Twala]] |} ==Mixing ya 42== {| class="wikitable" ! Namba !! Jina la Wimbo !! Msanii |- | 1 || [[Try Again]] || [[Aaliyah]] |- | 2 || [[Where the Party At]] || [[Jagged Edge]] ft. [[Nelly]] |- | 3 || [[I'm Real (Remix)]] || [[Jennifer Lopez]] ft. [[Ja Rule]] |- | 4 || [[No More (Baby I'ma Do Right)]] || [[3LW]] |- | 5 || [[Between Me and You]] || [[Ja Rule]] ft. [[Christina Milian]] |- | 6 || [[Doesn't Really Matter]] || [[Janet Jackson]] |- | 7 || [[Stutter]] || [[Joe Thomas]] ft. [[Mystikal]] |- | 8 || [[Thong Song]] || [[Sisqó]] |- | 9 || [[Breathe]] || [[Blu Cantrell]] ft. [[Sean Paul]] |- | 10 || [[Caught Out There]] || [[Kelis]] |- | 11 || [[Walking Away]] || [[Craig David]] |- | 12 || [[Can We]] || [[SWV]] ft. [[Missy Elliott]] |- | 13 || [[Head Over Heels]] || [[Allure]] ft. [[Nas]] |- | 14 || [[Don't Let Go (Love)]] || [[En Vogue]] |- | 15 || [[Same Ol' G]] || [[Ginuwine]] |} ==Mixing ya 43== {| class="wikitable" ! Namba !! Jina la Wimbo !! Msanii |- | 1 || [[Say My Name]] || [[Destiny's Child]] |- | 2 || [[Are You That Somebody]] || [[Aaliyah]] |- | 3 || [[Things We Do for Love]] || [[Horace Brown]] |- | 4 || [[Will2K]] || [[Will Smith]] ft. [[K-Ci Hailey]] |- | 5 || [[Simon Says]] || [[Pharoahe Monch]] |- | 6 || [[Hot in Herre]] || [[Nelly]] |- | 7 || [[Let Me Blow Ya Mind]] || [[Eve]] ft. [[Gwen Stefani]] |- | 8 || [[Forgot About Dre]] || [[Dr. Dre]] ft. [[Eminem]] |- | 9 || [[Got Ur Self A...]] || [[Nas]] |- | 10 || [[Get Ur Freak On]] || [[Missy Elliott]] |- | 11 || [[It's Over]] || [[Kurupt]] ft. [[Natina Reed]] |- | 12 || [[Izzo (H.O.V.A.)]] || [[Jay-Z]] |- | 13 || [[You Gotta Be]] || [[Des'ree]] |- | 14 || [[Question of Faith]] || [[Lighthouse Family]] |} ==Mixing ya 44== {| class="wikitable" ! Namba !! Jina la Wimbo !! Msanii |- | 1 || [[...Baby One More Time]] || [[Britney Spears]] |- | 2 || [[I Want It That Way]] || [[Backstreet Boys]] |- | 3 || [[Livin' la Vida Loca]] || [[Ricky Martin]] |- | 4 || [[Genie in a Bottle]] || [[Christina Aguilera]] |- | 5 || [[If You Had My Love]] || [[Jennifer Lopez]] |- | 6 || [[Mambo No. 5 (A Little Bit of...)]] || [[Lou Bega]] |- | 7 || [[Independent Women, Part I]] || [[Destiny's Child]] |- | 8 || [[Whenever, Wherever]] || [[Shakira]] |- | 9 || [[Hero]] || [[Enrique Iglesias]] |- | 10 || [[Where Is the Love?]] || [[The Black Eyed Peas]] |- | 11 || [[Fiesta (Remix)]] || [[R. Kelly]] ft. [[Jay-Z]] |- | 12 || [[Frozen]] || [[Madonna]] |- | 13 || [[Love Don't Cost a Thing]] || [[Jennifer Lopez]] |- | 14 || [[That's the Way It Is]] || [[Celine Dion]] |- | 15 || [[Bailamos]] || [[Enrique Iglesias]] |} == Mixing ya 45 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Kassim No. 2]] |[[DDC Mlimani Park Orchestra|Sikinde]] |- |2 |[[Nidhamu ya Kazi]] |[[Juwata Jazz Band]] |- |3 |[[Tupa Tupa]] |[[Juwata Jazz Band]] |- |4 |[[Barua Toka kwa Mama]] |[[DDC Mlimani Park Orchestra]] |- |5 |[[Usicheze na Bahari No. 2 (Mvuvi Kinda)]] |[[Vijana Jazz Band]] |- |6 |[[Msafiri Kafiri]] |[[Juwata Jazz Band]] |- |7 |[[Zuwena (wimbo wa Marijani Rajab)|Zuwena]] |[[Marijani Rajab]] |- |8 |[[Dr. Kleruu]] |[[Mbaraka Mwinshehe]] |- |9 |[[Mateso (wimbo)|Mateso]] |[[Marijani Rajab]] |} ==Mixing ya 46== {| class="wikitable" ! Namba !! Jina la Wimbo !! Msanii !! Mwaka |- | 1 || [[Only God Can Judge Me]] || [[Tupac]] || 1996 |- | 2 || [[Don't Cartagena]] || [[Fat Joe]] ft. [[Puffy Daddy]] || 2005 |- | 3 || [[Gone Till November]] || [[Wyclef Jean]] || 1998 |- | 4 || [[Just a Little Bit]] || [[50 Cent]] || 2005 |- | 5 || [[Strength of a Woman]] || [[Shaggy]] || 2005 |- | 6 || [[Beautiful Girls]] || [[Sean Kingston]] || 2007 |- | 7 || [[Love Is Wicked]] || [[Brick & Lace]] || 2007 |- | 8 || [[Foot Print]] || [[TOK]] || 2005 |- | 9 || [[All the Above]] || [[Maino]] ft. [[T-Pain]] || 2009 |- | 10 || [[Wannabe]] || [[Spice Girls]] || 1996 |- | 11 || [[Mo Money Mo Problems]] || [[Puff Daddy]] ft. [[Mase]] & [[The Notorious B.I.G.]] || 1997 |- | 12 || [[Bug a Boo]] || [[Destiny's Child]] || 1999 |- | 13 || [[I'll Be Missing You]] || [[Puff Daddy]] ft. [[Faith Evans]] & [[112]] || 1997 |- | 14 || [[What's Luv]] || [[Fat Joe]] ft. [[Ashanti]] || 2002 |- | 15 || [[I Believe I Can Fly]] || [[R. Kelly]] || 1996 |- | 16 || [[Still D.R.E.]] || [[Dr. Dre]] ft. [[Snoop Doggy]] || 1999 |} == Mixing ya 47 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Ingekuwa Vipi]] |[[Mwana FA]] akishirikiana na [[Jay Moe]] |- |2 |[[Salama (wimbo)|Salama]] |[[Abby Skills]] akishirikiana na [[Dully Sykes]] |- |3 |[[Mayowe]] |[[Afande Sele]] |- |4 |[[Tupo Kamili]] |[[Mabaga Fresh]] |- |5 |[[Tanga Kunani]] |[[Wagosi wa Kaya]] |- |6 |[[Nyumbani ni Nyumbani]] |[[TMK Wanaume]] |- |7 |[[Pekee]] |[[TID]] |- |8 |[[Mahabuba]] |[[Chege]] |- |9 |[[Mapenzi Kitu Gani]] |[[MB Doggy]] akishirikiana na [[Chelea Man]] |- |10 |[[Sema (wimbo)|Sema]] |[[Sheky na Avily]] |- |11 |[[Maria (wimbo wa Bushoke)|Maria]] |[[Bushoke]] |- |12 |[[Last Chance]] |Caz T |} == Mixing ya 48 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Wacha Party Ianze]] |[[Snoop Lee]] akishirikiana na [[Dully Sykes]] |- |2 |[[Heshima (wimbo)|Heshima]] |[[Bwana Misosi]] akishirikiana na [[Redsan]] |- |3 |[[Mama Mia (wimbo wa Jose Chameleone)|Mama Mia]] |[[Jose Chameleone]] |- |4 |[[Lover Boy (wimbo wa Chege)|Lover Boy]] |[[Chege]] |- |5 |[[Binti Kimanzi]] |[[20 Percent|20%]] akishirikiana na [[Bushoke]] |- |6 |[[Kichaa cha Jerry]] |[[Solid Ground Family]] |- |7 |[[Mambo Vipi]] |[[Mchizi Mox]] |- |8 |[[Nimekubali]] |[[Mez B]] akishirikiana na [[Mh. Temba]] |- |9 |[[Nakumaindi]] |[[Mh. Temba]] |- |10 |[[Si Uliniambia]] |[[MB Doggy]] |- |11 |[[Kama (wimbo)|Kama]] |[[Mike Tee]] |- |12 |[[Kama Vipi]] |[[Mez B]] akishirikiana na [[Ray C]] na [[Noorah]] |- |13 |[[Julieta (wimbo)|Julieta]] |[[Dully Sykes]] akishirikiana na BJB na Lady Hanifa |- |14 |[[Radhia]] |[[Balozi Dola Soul|Dolo]] akishirikiana na [[Juma Nature]] |- |15 |[[Majobless]] |[[Big Dog Posse]] |} ==Mixing ya 49== {| class="wikitable" ! Namba !! Jina la Wimbo !! Msanii |- | 1 || [[Celebration]] || [[Kool & the Gang]] |- | 2 || [[Jingle Bells]] || [[Boney M.]] |- | 3 || [[Happy New Year]] || [[ABBA]] |- | 4 || [[African Typic Collection]] || [[Sam Fan Thomas]] |- | 5 || [[Bamboleo (Radio Edit)]] || [[García]] |- | 6 || [[Ride On Time]] || [[Black Box]] |- | 7 || [[Don't Be Cruel]] || [[Bobby Brown]] |- | 8 || [[What's Love Got to Do with It]] || [[Tina Turner]] |- | 9 || [[Forever in Love]] || [[Kenny G]] |- | 10 || [[Holiday]] || [[Madonna]] |- | 11 || [[I've Been Thinking About You]] || [[Londonbeat]] |- | 12 || [[Another Day in Paradise]] || [[Phil Collins]] |- | 13 || [[Hot Hot Hot]] || [[Arrow]] |} == Mixing ya 50 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Dancing Mood]] |The New York Band |- |2 |[[Aïcha]] |[[Africando]] |- |3 |[[Black Magic Woman]] |Gerald D |- |4 |[[Awedony]] |[[Amr Diab]] |- |5 |[[Ma canne à sucre]] |[[Francky Vincent]] |- |6 |[[Ya Rayah]] |[[Rachid Taha]] |- |7 |[[Langni]] |Cheka Katenen akishirikiana na [[Grand P]] |- |8 |[[Laye Madi]] |[[Sayon Camara]] |- |9 |[[Yéké Yéké]] |[[Mory Kanté]] |- |10 |[[Yele]] |[[Baaba Maal]] |- |11 |[[Tamally Maak]] |[[Amr Diab]] |- |12 |[[Didi (wimbo)|Didi]] |[[Khaled (mwimbaji)|Khaled]] |- |13 |[[I Bo N'Keko]] |Cheka Katenen akishirikiana na [[Sayon Camara]] |- |14 |[[Mupepe]] |[[Zap Mama]] |- |15 |[[Mi Tierra (wimbo)|Mi Tierra]] |[[Gloria Estefan]] |} ==Mixing ya 51== {| class="wikitable" ! Namba !! Jina la Wimbo |- | 1 || [[Human Nature]] |- | 2 || [[Billie Jean]] |- | 3 || [[Wanna Be Startin' Somethin'|I Wanna Be Starting Somethin']] |- | 4 || [[Thriller]] |- | 5 || [[Rock with You]] |- | 6 || [[Don't Stop 'til You Get Enough|Don't Stop 'Til You Get Enough]] |- | 7 || [[I Just Can't Stop Loving You|I Can't Stop Loving You]] |- | 8 || [[Dirty Diana]] |- | 9 || [[In the Closet]] |- | 10 || [[Remember the Time]] |- | 11 || [[I'll Be There]] |- | 12 || [[You Rock My World]] |- | 13 || [[Smooth Criminal]] |- | 14 || [[Black or White]] |- | 15 || [[Heal the World]] |} == Mixing ya 52 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Bongo Dar es Salaam]] |[[Professor Jay]] |- |2 |[[Hili Game]] |[[Juma Nature]] akishirikiana na [[TID]] |- |3 |[[Usiusemee Moyo]] |[[Lady Jaydee]] |- |4 |[[Ngangari]] |[[Gangwe Mobb]] |- |5 |[[Kamanda (wimbo)|Kamanda]] |[[Daz Nundaz]] |- |6 |[[Chemsha Bongo (wimbo)|Chemsha Bongo]] |[[Hard Blasters Crew|Hard Blasters]] |- |7 |[[Bishoo]] |[[Jay Moe]] |- |8 |[[Nasaka Haki]] |[[Solo Thang]] |- |9 |[[Wauguzi]] |[[Wagosi wa Kaya]] |- |10 |[[Makini na Fani]] |[[Sugu (mwanamuziki)|Sugu]] akishirikiana na [[Mr. Paul]] |- |11 |[[Mi Mmasai]] |[[Mr. Ebbo]] |- |12 |[[Historia ya Kweli]] |[[Dully Sykes]] |} ==Mixing ya 54== {| class="wikitable" ! Namba !! Jina la Wimbo !! Jina la Msanii |- | 1 || [[Rhyme Remix]] || [[Keith Murray]] |- | 2 || [[Alright]] || [[Kris Kross]] |- | 3 || [[Jam]] || [[Michael Jackson]] ft. [[Heady D.]] |- | 4 || [[Now That We Found Love]] || [[Heavy D & the Boyz]] |- | 5 || [[I Wanna Be Down (Remix)]] || [[Brandy]] ft. [[MC Lyte]], [[Queen Latifah]] & [[Yo-Yo]] |- | 6 || [[Sitting on Top of the World]] || [[Da Brat]] |- | 7 || [[Real Muthaphuckkin Gs]] || [[Eazy-E]] |- | 8 || [[When (B on the Mic)]] || [[Rakim]] |- | 9 || [[Jump]] || [[Kris Kross]] |- | 10 || [[Notorious B.I.G.]] || [[Big Smalls]] ft. [[Puffy Daddy]] & [[Lil' Kim]] |- | 11 || [[Shoop]] || [[Salt-N-Pepa]] |- | 12 || [[I Got the Power]] || [[Snap]] |- | 13 || [[Johnny B]] || [[Down Low]] |- | 14 || [[Sky's the Limit]] || [[The Notorious B.I.G.]] |- | 15 || [[Creep]] || [[TLC]] |} == Mixing ya 55 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Swing Swing]] |[[Kleptomaniax]] |- |2 |[[Nataka Toa]] |[[Nyota Ndogo]] na [[Necessary Noise]] |- |3 |[[Street Hustler]] |[[Cannibal (mwanamuziki)|Cannibal]] akishirikiana na [[Sharama]] |- |4 |[[Bad Boy (wimbo wa Amani)|Bad Boy]] |[[Amani (mwimbaji)|Amani]] akishirikiana na [[Nyashinski]] |- |5 |[[Mosi Mosi]] |[[E-Sir]] akishirikiana na [[Brenda Radido|Brenda]] |- |6 |[[Mateso (wimbo wa Tattuu)|Mateso]] |[[Tattuu]] |- |7 |[[Sakalakata]] |[[Sema (bendi)|Sema]] |- |8 |[[Sweet Love (wimbo wa Wahu)|Sweet Love]] |[[Wahu]] |- |9 |[[Ninanoki]] |[[Nameless (mwanamuziki)|Nameless]] akishirikiana na [[Amani (mwimbaji)|Amani]] |- |10 |[[Leta Wimbo]] |[[Sema (bendi)|Sema]] |- |11 |[[Ti-Chi]] |[[Kenrazy]] |- |12 |[[Naskia Utamu]] |[[The Bugz]] (Bobby Mapesa na VBO) |- |13 |[[Nipe Nikupe]] |[[CMB Prezzo|Prezzo]] akishirikiana na [[Mwanaume wa Shaba|AY]] |- |14 |[[Kwaheri]] |[[Juacali]] akishirikiana na [[Sanaa (mwimbaji)|Sana]] |- |15 |[[Watasema Sana]] |[[TID]] akishirikiana na [[Nazizi]] |} ==Mixing ya 56== {| class="wikitable" ! Namba !! Jina la Wimbo !! Jina la Msanii |- | 1 || [[Move Ya Body]] || [[Nina Sky]] |- | 2 || [[Tempted to Touch]] || [[Rupee]] |- | 3 || [[Dude]] || [[Beenie Man]] |- | 4 || [[Pon de Replay]] || [[Rihanna]] |- | 5 || [[Get Busy]] || [[Sean Paul]] |- | 6 || [[In Da Club]] || [[50 Cent]] |- | 7 || [[Right Thurr]] || [[Chingy]] |- | 8 || [[Lean Back]] || [[Fat Joe]] |- | 9 || [[Burn It Up]] || [[R. Kelly]] ft. [[Wisin & Yandel]] |- | 10 || [[Gasolina]] || [[Daddy Yankee]] |- | 11 || [[Run the Show]] || [[Kat DeLuna]] ft. [[Busta Rhymes]] |- | 12 || [[Never Leave You]] || [[Lumidee]] |- | 13 || [[Yeah]] || [[Usher Raymond]] |- | 14 || [[Cry Me a River]] || [[Justin Timberlake]] |- | 15 || [[La Copa de la Vida]] || [[Ricky Martin]] |- | 16 || [[Stunt 101]] || [[G-Unit]] |- | 17 || [[Window Shopper]] || [[50 Cent]] |} == Mixing ya 57 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Jina la Msanii |- |1 |[[Who We Be]] |[[DMX]] |- |2 |[[Riddin']] |[[Chamillionaire]] |- |3 |[[Whoa!]] |[[Black Rob]] |- |4 |[[Badaboom]] |[[B2K]] |- |5 |[[Do for Love]] |[[Tupac Shakur]] |- |6 |[[21 Questions]] |[[50 Cent]] ft. [[Nate Dogg]] |- |7 |[[Gimme That]] |[[Chris Brown]] |- |8 |[[Road to Zion]] |[[Damian Marley]] |- |9 |[[Always on My Mind]] |[[Daville]] ft. [[Sean Paul]] |- |10 |[[We Takin' Over]] |[[DJ Khaled]] ft. [[Akon]], [[T.I.]], [[Rick Ross]], [[Fat Joe]], [[Baby]] & [[Lil Wayne]] |- |11 |[[Lose Yourself]] |[[Eminem]] |- |12 |[[Gangsta Nation]] |[[Westside Connection]] |- |13 |[[Ice Box]] |[[Omarion]] |- |14 |[[Don't Wanna Be a Player]] |[[Joe Thomas]] |- |15 |[[Heaven Sent]] |[[Keyshia Cole]] |} == Mixing ya 58 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Gloria (wimbo wa Msondo Ngoma)|Gloria]] |[[Msondo Ngoma Music Band|Msondo Ngoma]] |- |2 |[[Kaza Moyo]] |[[Msondo Ngoma Music Band|Msondo Ngoma]] |- |3 |[[Demokrasia ya Mapenzi]] |[[Msondo Ngoma Music Band|Msondo Ngoma]] |- |4 |[[Kilio cha Mtu Mzima]] |[[Msondo Ngoma Music Band|Msondo Ngoma]] |- |5 |[[Nakupa Talaka]] |[[Msondo Ngoma Music Band|Msondo Ngoma]] |- |6 |[[Ajuza]] |[[Msondo Ngoma Music Band|Msondo Ngoma]] |- |7 |[[Ndoa Ndoano]] |[[Msondo Ngoma Music Band|Msondo Ngoma]] |- |8 |[[Usia wa Baba]] |[[Msondo Ngoma Music Band|Msondo Ngoma]] |} == Mixing ya 59 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Who We Be]] |[[DMX (mwanamuziki)|DMX]] |- |2 |[[Ridin']] |[[Chamillionaire]] |- |3 |[[Whoa!]] |[[Black Rob]] |- |4 |[[Badaboom]] |[[B2K]] |- |5 |[[Do for Love]] |[[Tupac Shakur]] |- |6 |[[21 Questions]] |[[50 Cent]] akishirikiana na [[Nate Dogg]] |- |7 |[[Gimme That]] |[[Chris Brown]] |- |8 |[[Road to Zion]] |[[Damian Marley]] |- |9 |[[Always on My Mind (wimbo wa Da'Ville)|Always on My Mind]] |[[Da'Ville]] akishirikiana na [[Sean Paul]] |- |10 |[[We Takin' Over]] |[[DJ Khaled]] akishirikiana na [[Akon]], [[T.I.]], [[Rick Ross]], [[Fat Joe]], [[Birdman (mwanamuziki)|Birdman]] na [[Lil Wayne]] |- |11 |[[Lose Yourself]] |[[Eminem]] |- |12 |[[Gangsta Nation]] |[[Westside Connection]] |- |13 |[[Ice Box (wimbo)|Ice Box]] |[[Omarion]] |- |14 |[[Don't Wanna Be a Player]] |[[Joe (mwimbaji)|Joe]] |- |15 |[[Heaven Sent (wimbo wa Keyshia Cole)|Heaven Sent]] |[[Keyshia Cole]] |} == Mixing ya 60 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Jina la Msanii |- |1 |[[What's Different Between Me & You]] |[[Dr. Dre]] ft. [[Xzibit]] & [[Eminem]] |- |2 |[[Missing You]] |[[Brandy]] ft. [[Tamia]], [[Gladys Knight]] & [[Chaka Khan]] |- |3 |[[Bills, Bills, Bills]] |[[Destiny's Child]] |- |4 |[[Got to Get It]] |[[Sisqo]] |- |5 |[[If I Could Turn Back the Hands of Time]] |[[R. Kelly]] |- |6 |[[Anything]] |[[Jay-Z]] |- |7 |[[Doo Wop (That Thing)]] |[[Lauryn Hill]] |- |8 |[[Lovin' You]] |[[Minnie Riperton]] |- |9 |[[Holla Holla]] |[[Ja Rule]] |- |10 |[[My Crew]] |[[Lost Boyz]] |- |11 |[[Phonetic]] |[[Nas]] & [[The Firm]] |- |12 |[[Show Me the Meaning of Being Lonely]] |[[Backstreet Boys]] |- |13 |[[Sweetest Girl]] |[[Wyclef Jean]] ft. [[Akon]] & [[Lil Wayne]] |- |14 |[[Tell Me It's Real]] |[[K-Ci & JoJo]] |- |15 |[[Gal U Lead]] |[[TOK]] |- |16 |[[So Seductive]] |[[Tony Yayo]] ft. [[50 Cent]] |} == Mixing ya 61 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Habari Ndiyo Hiyo]] |[[Mwanaume wa Shaba|AY]] na [[Mwana FA]] |- |2 |[[Umoja ni Nguvu]] |[[Kalapina]] |- |3 |[[Awena]] |[[Kassim Mganga]] |- |4 |[[Baadaye (wimbo)|Baadaye]] |[[Ommy Dimpoz]] |- |5 |[[Basi Imba]] |[[Tunda Man|Tunda]] akishirikiana na Richard |- |6 |[[Bata (wimbo)|Bata]] |[[Offside Trick]] |- |7 |[[Mchizi Wangu]] |[[Nako 2 Nako]] |- |8 |[[Bora Tumeachana]] |[[D-Knob]] |- |9 |[[Choo cha Kike]] |Ommy G akishirikiana na [[D-Knob]] |- |10 |[[Crazy Over You]] |[[K-Lyn]] akishirikiana na Squeezer |- |11 |[[Follow Me (wimbo wa Rich Mavoko)|Follow Me]] |[[Rich Mavoko]] |- |12 |[[Fungeni Mikanda]] |[[Chege]] akishirikiana na [[Mh. Temba]] |- |13 |[[Hadithi (wimbo)|Hadithi]] |[[Ali Kiba]] |- |14 |[[Ndiyo Zetu Kuwakilisha]] |[[Nako 2 Nako]] |- |15 |[[Hapo Vipi]] |[[Professor Jay]] |- |16 |[[Masogange (wimbo)|Masogange]] |[[Belle 9]] |} == Mixing ya 62 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Sumu ya Penzi]] |[[Belle 9]] |- |2 |[[Ulofa]] |[[Top C]] |- |3 |[[Sina Raha (wimbo wa Sam wa Ukweli)|Sina Raha]] |[[Sam wa Ukweli]] |- |4 |[[Wajua (wimbo)|Wajua]] |[[Queen Darleen]] akishirikiana na [[Ali Kiba]] |- |5 |[[Nimechokwa]] |[[Shetta]] akishirikiana na [[Belle 9]] |- |6 |[[Utanikumbuka]] |[[Vumilia]] |- |7 |[[Presha]] |[[Hafsa Kazinja]] akishirikiana na [[Banana Zorro]] |- |8 |[[Tatizo Umaskini]] |[[Vumilia]] |- |9 |[[Mkono Mmoja]] |[[Chege]] akishirikiana na [[Mh. Temba]] |- |10 |[[Taxi Bubu]] |[[Matonya]] |- |11 |[[Sirimba]] |[[Ngoni (kundi la muziki)|Ngoni]] akishirikiana na [[Lady Jaydee]] |- |12 |[[Sitaki Kuumizwa]] |[[Sajna]] akishirikiana na [[Linah]] |- |13 |[[Siwataji]] |Sheky na Avily |- |14 |[[Tamara (wimbo)|Tamara]] |[[Hard Mad]] |- |15 |[[120 (wimbo)|120]] |[[Albert Mangwair|Ngwair]] akishirikiana na [[Chid Benz]] |- |16 |[[Baby Gal]] |[[Mad Ice]] |} == Mixing ya 63 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Jina la Msanii |- |1 |[[Come Back Darling]] |[[UB40]] |- |2 |[[Stiff Necked Fools]] |[[Bob Marley]] |- |3 |[[Addis Ababa]] |[[Culture]] |- |4 |[[Together as One]] |[[Lucky Dube]] |- |5 |[[Have Mercy]] |[[Yellowman]] x [[The Mighty Diamonds]] |- |6 |[[Coco De Rasta]] |[[Alpha Blondy]] |- |7 |[[It's Me Again Jah]] |[[Luciano]] |- |8 |[[Tomorrow People]] |[[Ziggy Marley & The Melody Makers]] |- |9 |[[Not a Stupid]] |[[Burning Spear]] |- |10 |[[Ring the Alarm]] |[[Tenor Saw]] |- |11 |[[Rude Boy Shuffin']] |[[Israel Vibration]] |- |12 |[[Reggae Night]] |[[Jimmy Cliff]] |- |13 |[[Mystic Night Move]] |[[Alpha Blondy]] |- |14 |[[Get Up, Stand Up]] |[[Peter Tosh]] |- |15 |[[Close to You]] |[[Maxi Priest]] |} == Mixing ya 64 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Sitishiki Sibabaiki]] |[[Chuchu Sound Band|Chuchu Sound]] na [[Omary Mkali]] |- |2 |[[Kinyaunyau]] |[[The Kilimanjaro Band|Njenje]] |- |3 |[[Nipe Mgongo]] |[[Bobisa|Bob Aisa]] |- |4 |[[Usionee Vyaelea]] |[[Chuchu Sound Band|Chuchu Sound]] |- |5 |[[Boko (wimbo)|Boko]] |[[The Kilimanjaro Band|Njenje]] |- |6 |[[Nasema Nawe]] |[[Diamond Platnumz]] |- |7 |[[Samaki (wimbo)|Samaki]] |[[Offside Trick]] |- |8 |[[Msumeno]] |[[Omary Mkali]] |} == Mixing ya 65 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Nabeleli]] |[[Jean Baron]] |- |2 |[[Pie Mboyo]] |[[Madilu System]] |- |3 |[[Pantalon Moriba]] |[[Jean Baron]] |- |4 |[[Moyibi]] |[[Pepe Kalle]] akishirikiana na [[Nyboma|Kaka Nyboma]] |- |5 |[[Stop Arrêtez]] |[[Soukous Stars]] |- |6 |[[Morenita]] |[[Ballou Canta]] na [[Soukous Stars]] |- |7 |[[Lela (wimbo)|Lela]] |[[Kanda Bongo Man]] |- |8 |[[Pardon (wimbo)|Pardon]] |[[Loketo]] |- |9 |[[L'Amour au Kilo]] |[[Mayaula Mayoni]] |- |10 |[[Naturelle ou Abstraite]] |[[Alain Kounkou]] |- |11 |[[Mali Bamako]] |[[Aurlus Mabélé]] |- |12 |[[Laisser Passer]] |[[Diblo Dibala]] |- |13 |[[Adidja]] |[[Lucien Bokilo]] |} == Mixing ya 66 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Mume wa Mtu]] |[[Dataz]] akishirikiana na Vivian |- |2 |[[Kwanza Fikiria]] |[[Mez B]] |- |3 |[[Mbona]] |[[PNC (mwanamuziki)|PNC]] akishirikiana na [[Mr. Blue]] |- |4 |[[Kikuku (wimbo)|Kikuku]] |[[Mez B]] |- |5 |[[Achana Nao]] |[[Sista P]] akishirikiana na Mad Brain na [[Ali Choki]] |- |6 |[[Nipo]] |[[Mr. Blue]] akishirikiana na [[Q Chief]] |- |7 |[[Monalisa (wimbo wa Dully Sykes)|Monalisa]] |[[Dully Sykes]] |- |8 |[[Siku Nzuri]] |Danny Msimamo |- |9 |[[Hawa Watu Eh]] |[[Dataz]] akishirikiana na Squeezer |- |10 |[[Msamaha (wimbo)|Msamaha]] |Soul & Faith |- |11 |[[Solo na Mpenzi]] |[[Solo Thang]] akishirikiana na [[Mr. Paul]] |- |12 |[[Kama Unataka Kuja Home]] |[[Bwana Mkubwa]] |- |13 |[[Kama Unataka Demu]] |[[Jay Moe]] akishirikiana na [[Q Chief]] na [[Solo Thang]] |- |14 |[[Tafadhali]] |[[Solo Thang]] akishirikiana na [[Nguza Viking]] |} == Mixing ya 67 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Zumbukuku]] |[[Ally Star]] |- |2 |[[Kukataliwa Kubaya]] |[[Mohammed Mrisho]] |- |3 |[[Vidonge]] |[[Malika (mwimbaji)|Malika]] |- |4 |[[Ngwinji]] |[[Khadija Kopa]] |- |5 |[[Mtu Mzima Ovyo]] |[[Nasma Khamis Kidogo|Nasma Hamisi Kidogo]] |} == Mixing ya 68 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Jina la Msanii |- |1 |[[Disco Inferno]] |[[G-Unit]] |- |2 |[[Hotel]] |[[Cassidy]] ft. [[R. Kelly]] |- |3 |[[Church]] |[[T-Pain]] |- |4 |[[I Know What You Want]] |[[Busta Rhymes & Flipmode Squad]] ft. [[Mariah Carey]] |- |5 |[[I Wonder Why They Call You Bitch]] |[[Tupac]] |- |6 |[[All My Life]] |[[K-Ci & JoJo]] |- |7 |[[Fresh Azimiz]] |[[Bow Wow]] |- |8 |[[Bang Bang]] |[[Young Buck]] |- |9 |[[I'm So Fly]] |[[Lloyd Banks]] |- |10 |[[Bed Rock]] |[[Cash Money]] ft. [[Lloyd]] |- |11 |[[How We Do]] |[[The Game]] ft. [[50 Cent]] |- |12 |[[With You]] |[[Chris Brown]] |- |13 |[[Indian Flute]] |[[Timbaland]] |- |14 |[[Me and My Crazy World]] |[[Lost Boyz]] |- |15 |[[When Doves Cry]] |[[Ginuwine]] |} == Mixing ya 70 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Jina la Msanii |- |1 |[[Cu When I Get There]] |[[Coolio]] |- |2 |[[John Blaze]] |[[Nas]], [[Big Pun]], [[Raekwon]] & [[Jadakiss]] |- |3 |[[Guantanamera]] |[[The Fugees]] |- |4 |[[Gotta Get You Home]] |[[Foxy Brown]] ft. [[Blackstreet]] |- |5 |[[What's Love Got to Do with It]] |[[Warren G]] ft. [[Adina Howard]] |- |6 |[[I Shot Ya]] |[[LL Cool J]] |- |7 |[[Hit'Em High]] |[[Busta Rhymes]], [[LL Cool J]], [[Method Man]] & [[B-Real]] |- |8 |[[Triumph]] |[[Wu-Tang Clan]] |- |9 |[[Rumble in the Jungle]] |[[The Fugees]] ft. [[Busta Rhymes]] & [[A Tribe Called Quest]] |- |10 |[[Player's Anthem]] |[[The Junior Mafia]] |- |11 |[[Find a Way]] |[[A Tribe Called Quest]] |- |12 |[[Phenomenon]] |[[LL Cool J]] |- |13 |[[Getting Jiggy with It]] |[[Will Smith]] |- |14 |[[That's What I'm Looking For]] |[[Da Brat]] |- |15 |[[Lonely]] |[[Akon]] |- |16 |[[Ayo]] |[[Tyga]] ft. [[Chris Brown]] |} == Mixing ya 71 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Jina la Msanii |- |1 |[[Nationowl]] |[[Nowl]] |- |2 |[[Beats from the East]] |[[Lost Boyz]] |- |3 |[[Fast Lane]] |[[Bad Meets Evil]] |- |4 |[[The Next Episode]] |[[Dr. Dre]] ft. [[Snoop Doggy]] |- |5 |[[Dream]] |[[The Game]] |- |6 |[[Blunt Time]] |[[RBX]] |- |7 |[[The Real Slim Shady]] |[[Eminem]] |- |8 |[[I Can]] |[[Nas]] |- |9 |[[New York]] |[[Ja Rule]] |- |10 |[[Pimp Remix]] |[[50 Cent]] ft. [[Snoop Doggy]] |- |11 |[[Beautiful]] |[[Snoop Doggy]] ft. [[Pharrell Williams]] & [[Uncle Charlie]] |- |12 |[[Right Here (Departed)]] |[[Brandy]] |- |13 |[[Full Control]] |[[Shaggy]] |- |14 |[[All on Me]] |[[Sean Paul]] ft. [[Tami Chynn]] |- |15 |[[Jamboree]] |[[Naughty by Nature]] ft. [[Zhane]] |} == Mixing ya 72 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Cayina]] |[[Soukous Stars]] |- |2 |[[Ultimatum (wimbo)|Ultimatum]] |[[Koffi Olomide]] |- |3 |[[Gérant]] |[[Pepe Kalle]] |- |4 |[[Double Double (wimbo)|Double Double]] |[[Nyboma]] |- |5 |[[Betty Mulanga]] |[[Awilo Longomba]] |- |6 |[[Qui dit mieux?|Qui Dit Mieux]] |[[Aurlus Mabélé]] |- |7 |[[Kolza Baba]] |[[General Defao|Defao]] na Suke Chillé |- |8 |[[Autoroute (wimbo)|Autoroute]] |[[Madilu System]] |- |9 |[[Ousman Bakayoko]] |[[Mayaula Mayoni]] |- |10 |[[Génération Wachiwa]] |[[Aurlus Mabélé]] |} == Mixing ya 73 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Cindy (wimbo)|Cindy]] |[[Loketo]] |- |2 |[[La Vie, La Vie]] |[[Lucien Bokilo]] |- |3 |[[Hi Ho Ha]] |[[Wenge BCBG]] |- |4 |[[Julia (wimbo wa Koffi Olomide)|Julia]] |[[Koffi Olomide]] |- |5 |[[Julia (wimbo wa Luciana)|Julia]] |[[Luciana Demingongo]] na Nouvelle Génération |- |6 |[[Déviation]] |[[Yondo Sister]] |- |7 |[[Sai (wimbo)|Sai]] |[[Kanda Bongo Man]] |- |8 |[[Coupé Bibamba]] |[[Awilo Longomba]] |- |9 |[[Zonga Aimé]] |[[Pepe Kalle]] |- |10 |[[Kala-Yi-Boeing]] |[[Wenge BCBG]] |} == Mixing ya 74 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Masada (wimbo)|Masada]] |[[Alpha Blondy]] |- |2 |[[It's Not Easy]] |[[Lucky Dube]] |- |3 |[[Jamming (wimbo)|Jamming]] |[[Bob Marley]] |- |4 |[[Angel (wimbo wa Shaggy)|Angel]] |[[Shaggy]] |- |5 |[[(When You Gonna) Give It Up to Me|Give It Up to Me]] |[[Sean Paul]] |- |6 |[[Back It Up (wimbo wa Beenie Man)|Back It Up]] |[[Beenie Man]] |- |7 |[[Turn Me On (wimbo wa Kevin Lyttle)|Turn Me On]] |[[Kevin Lyttle|Kevin Little]] |- |8 |[[You Sang to Me]] |[[Marc Anthony]] |- |9 |[[On Bended Knee]] |[[Boyz II Men]] |- |10 |[[It's All Coming Back to Me Now|It's All Coming Back to Me]] |[[Celine Dion]] |- |11 |[[Queen of My Heart]] |[[Westlife]] |- |12 |[[Endless Love (wimbo)|Endless Love]] |[[Diana Ross]] na [[Lionel Richie]] |- |13 |[['03 Bonnie & Clyde|Bonnie & Clyde]] |[[Jay-Z]] akishirikiana na [[Beyoncé]] |- |14 |[[Soledad (wimbo wa Westlife)|Soledad]] |[[Westlife]] |- |15 |[[The Boy Is Mine (wimbo)|The Boy Is Mine]] |[[Brandy]] na [[Monica (mwimbaji)|Monica]] |} == Mixing ya 75 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Abidjan Debout]] |[[Awilo Longomba]] |- |2 |[[Pondération]] |[[Blaise Bula]] |- |3 |[[Famille Kikuta]] |[[General Defao|Defao]] |- |4 |[[Ya Jean]] |[[Madilu System]] |- |5 |[[Yolande (wimbo)|Yolande]] |[[Kanda Bongo Man]] |- |6 |[[Mico (wimbo)|Mico]] |[[Koffi Olomide]] |- |7 |[[Roger Milla (wimbo)|Roger Milla]] |[[Pepe Kalle]] |- |8 |[[Shalaï]] |[[Extra Musica]] |- |9 |[[Muchana]] |[[Kanda Bongo Man]] |- |10 |[[Sana (wimbo)|Sana]] |[[Kanda Bongo Man]] |} == Mixing ya 124 == {| class="wikitable" !Namba !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii |- |1 |[[Me Against the World (wimbo)|Me Against the World]] |[[Tupac Shakur|2Pac]] |- |2 |[[Keep Their Heads Ringin']] |[[Dr. Dre]] |- |3 |[[Nuthin' but a 'G' Thang]] |[[Dr. Dre]] akishirikiana na [[Snoop Dogg]] |- |4 |[[Paparazzi (wimbo wa Xzibit)|Paparazzi]] |[[Xzibit]] |- |5 |[[If I Ruled the World (Imagine That)]] |[[Nas]] akishirikiana na [[Lauryn Hill]] |- |6 |[[Only God Can Judge Me]] |[[Tupac Shakur|2Pac]] |- |7 |[[Natural Born Killaz]] |[[Dr. Dre]] na [[Ice Cube]] |- |8 |[[Gin and Juice]] |[[Snoop Dogg]] |- |9 |[[X (wimbo wa Xzibit)|X]] |[[Xzibit]] |- |10 |[[Nas Is Like]] |[[Nas]] |- |11 |[[Hit 'Em Up]] |[[Tupac Shakur|2Pac]] akishirikiana na [[Outlawz]] |- |12 |[[Deep Cover (wimbo)|Deep Cover]] |[[Dr. Dre]] akishirikiana na [[Snoop Dogg]] |- |13 |[[Murder Was the Case]] |[[Snoop Dogg]] |- |14 |[[The Foundation (wimbo)|Foundation]] |[[Xzibit]] |- |15 |[[Street Dreams (wimbo wa Nas)|Street Dreams]] |[[Nas]] |} kzau98dq38wr68bg9095hq0h6rzws17 Michael Rose 0 188314 1549996 1520526 2026-05-24T19:50:21Z Said Mfaume 68307 Kuboresha makala. Watoto wa 2000 hawajui utamu wa muzik! ha aha haha 1549996 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Michael Rose | picha = Michael Rose Dortmund.jpg | maelezo = Michael Rose akitumbuiza mjini [[Dortmund]], Ujerumani mnamo mwaka 2007 | background = solo_singer | asili = [[Kingston, Jamaika|Kingston]], Jamaika | aina = [[Reggae]], Afrobeat, [[Ska]] | kazi = Mwimbaji, mtunzi wa nyimbo | miaka ya kazi = 1974–sasa | studio = Heartbeat Records, Kingmaker Music, RCA, Columbia/CBS, Dubshot | washiriki wa zamani = [[Black Uhuru]] | tovuti = {{URL|mykalrosereggae.com}} }} '''Michael Rose''' (alizaliwa 11 Julai 1957)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://reggaeeurope.com/upcoming-reggae-artists/michael-rose/|title=Michael Rose|website=Reggaeeurope.com|date=11 April 2009|access-date=9 October 2025}}</ref> ni mwimbaji wa muziki wa [[reggae]] kutoka nchini [[Jamaika]]. Anafahamika zaidi duniani kwa mafanikio makubwa aliyopata akiwa mwimbaji mkuu wa kundi la [[Black Uhuru]] tangu mwaka 1977 hadi 1984, kabla ya kuanza safari ya muda mrefu ya muziki akiwa msanii wa kujitegemea.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www2.grammy.com/GRAMMY_Awards/Winners/Results.aspx |title=Archived copy |access-date=29 June 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100103192148/http://www2.grammy.com/GRAMMY_Awards/Winners/Results.aspx |archive-date=3 January 2010 }}</ref> Amesifiwa mara nyingi kama "mmoja wa waimbaji mashuhuri na wa kipekee nchini Jamaika" kwa kuanzisha mtindo wa uimbaji wenye vionjo vya kipekee ulioshamiri kutoka katika mitaa ya Waterhouse jijini [[Kingston, Jamaika|Kingston]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Greene |first=Joe-Ann |title=Michael Rose Biography, Songs, & Albums |url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/michael-rose-mn0000466045/biography |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=AllMusic |language=en}}</ref> == Historia ya kazi == Rose alianza kutumbuiza kwenye mashindano ya kusaka vipaji na kwenye kumbi za hoteli nchini Jamaika akiwa bado kijana mdogo. Alirekodi wimbo wake wa kwanza kabisa uitwao "Woman a Gineal fe True" akiwa na umri wa miaka 15 chini ya mtayarishaji Newton Simmons.<ref name=":0" /> Rafiki yake wa utotoni, mpiga ngoma mahiri [[Sly Dunbar]], alimtambulisha kwa mtayarishaji [[Niney the Observer]], ambapo alirekodi naye nyimbo kadhaa mnamo mwaka 1972. Katika kipindi hiki, Rose alipata fursa pia ya kurekodi wimbo mmoja chini ya mtayarishaji nguli [[Lee "Scratch" Perry]].<ref name=":0" /> Alitenga miaka michache iliyofuata kujifunza na kuimarisha uwezo wake wa kutunga nyimbo, na kutoa wimbo wa mchanganyiko wa mtindo wa disco uitwao ''Born Free'' mnamo mwaka 1976 chini ya [[Yabby You]], ambao baadaye ulikuja kutolewa tena na [[Steve Barrow]] kupitia lebo ya [[Blood and Fire (record label)|Blood and Fire]] mnamo mwaka 1997.<ref name="LarkinGE"/> Mnamo mwaka 1977, Sly Dunbar alimtambulisha kwa Derrick "Duckie" Simpson, kiongozi wa kundi la reggae la [[Black Uhuru]]. Kundi hilo lilikuwa kwenye mabadiliko makubwa ya washiriki ambapo lilimwongeza pia mwimbaji wa kike [[Puma Jones]].<ref name="Island">Maelezo ya jalada, ''Black Uhuru, Liberation: The Island Anthology'', Island Records, 1993.</ref> Rose akawa mwimbaji mkuu na mtunzi mkuu wa nyimbo wa kundi hilo, akiliongoza kurekodi albamu saba za studio. Safari hiyo ilianza na albamu ya ''[[Guess Who's Coming to Dinner (album)|Showcase]]'' (1979) na ikajumuisha albamu zilizosifiwa sana kimataifa kama ''[[Red (Black Uhuru album)|Red]]'' ya mwaka 1981, pamoja na albamu ya ''[[Anthem (Black Uhuru album)|Anthem]]'' (1983) iliyotwaa [[Tuzo za Grammy]].<ref name="allmusic-charts">{{AllMusic|class=album|id=r103367|tab=charts-awards/grammy|label="''Anthem'' > Charts & Awards > Grammy Awards"|access-date=12 November 2010}}</ref> Albamu hiyo ilishinda tuzo ya Albamu Bora ya Reggae mnamo mwaka 1985, ukiwa ndio mwaka wa kwanza kabisa kwa tuzo hiyo kuanzishwa kwenye historia ya Grammy.<ref {{Cite book |last=Moskowitz |first=David Vlado |title=Caribbean Popular Music: An Encyclopedia of Reggae, Mento, Ska, Rock Steady, and Dancehall |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |year=2006 |isbn=0313331588 |pages=268}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka 1985, Rose alijiondoa Black Uhuru baada ya kutofautiana na Simpson, na kuamua kuhamia kwenye milima ya [[Blue Mountains (Jamaika)|Blue Mountains]] nchini Jamaika kwa ajili ya kufanya kilimo cha kahawa. Alirekodi nyimbo kadhaa nchini humo lakini jina lake halikusikika sana nje ya kisiwa hicho hadi mwaka 1989, aliposaini mkataba na lebo ya [[RCA Records|RCA]] na kutoa albamu iliyoathiriwa na mtindo wa pop iitwayo ''Proud'' barani Ulaya na nchini Japani.<ref name=":0" /> Mkataba huo na RCA ulikuwa wa muda mfupi, na Rose alirejea Jamaika kuendelea kurekodi safu ya nyimbo zilizotayarishwa na mapacha wa muziki [[Sly and Robbie]]. Albamu pekee zilizotoka katika kipindi hiki zilikuwa ''Bonanza'' (1991) na ''King of General'' (1992) ambazo zilitoka nchini Japani pekee.<ref name=":0" /> Nyimbo hizo baadaye zilikusanywa na kutolewa kwenye albamu ya ''Sly and Robbie Presents: Mykall Rose – The Taxi Sessions'' mnamo mwaka 1995. Katika mwaka huo huo, alisaini mkataba na lebo ya [[Heartbeat Records]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Michael Rose - Michael Rose Album Reviews, Songs & More |website=[[AllMusic]] |url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/michael-rose-mw0000172038 |access-date=2023-05-11 |language=en}}</ref> Kati ya mwaka 1995 na 2004, lebo ya Heartbeat Records ilitoa jumla ya albamu tisa za Rose, na mara kwa mara nyimbo zake zilikuwa zikiingia kwenye chati za muziki nchini Jamaika na barani Ulaya.<ref name=":0" /> Alirejea tena na kuungana na kundi la Black Uhuru mnamo mwaka 2004 kwa ajili ya ziara ya miaka mingi ya kimuziki iliyopewa jina la ''Black Uhuru featuring Michael Rose''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Harris |first=Craig |title=Black Uhuru Biography, Songs, & Albums |url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/black-uhuru-mn0000081683/biography |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=AllMusic |language=en}}</ref> Wakati akifanya ziara hizo, aliendelea pia kurekodi na kutumbuiza kama msanii wa kujitegemea. Mnamo mwaka 2019, alitoa albamu yake ya kwanza baada ya kimya cha miaka kumi na moja, mradi wa muziki wa [[ska]] uitwao ''Ska Ska Ska.''<ref>Campbell, Howard (2019) "[http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/article/20190927/ARTICLE/190929779/1116 Rose promotes J'can Ska]", ''[[Jamaica Observer]]'', 27 September 2019. Retrieved 6 October 2019</ref> Wimbo wake wa mwaka 2022 uitwao "Glory to [[Jah]]" ulivutia hisia na kupata umaarufu mkubwa kwenye vyombo vya habari nchini Jamaika.<ref>Campbell, Howard (2022) "[https://www.jamaicaobserver.com/entertainment/mykal-rose-gives-jah-glory_243871?profile=1116 Mykal Rose gives Jah glory]", ''[[Jamaica Observer]]'', 15 February 2022. Retrieved 16 February 2022</ref> Mnamo mwaka 2022, Rose alianza kutumbuiza kwenye matamasha makubwa nchini Marekani akisindikizwa na bendi ya zamani ya Lee "Scratch" Perry inayojulikana kama [[Subatomic Sound System]]. Alitumbuiza kwenye matamasha kama CaliVibes Fest na CaliRoots (2023), tamasha la KayaFest la akina Marley huko Red Rocks, na tamasha la KCRW's Reggae at Night kwenye ukumbi wa Hollywood Bowl mnamo mwaka 2024. Albamu ya pamoja ya ushirikiano kati ya Mykal Rose, Subatomic Sound System, na mwimbaji wa Uingereza [[Hollie Cook]] iitwayo ''Rockin' Like a Champion'' ilitolewa rasmi mnamo tarehe 26 Julai 2024 chini ya lebo za Dubshot na Controlled Substance Sound Labs. Mtangazaji mashuhuri [[David Rodigan]] alicheza wimbo mkuu wa albamu hiyo kwa mara ya kwanza kupitia kituo cha redio cha [[BBC Radio 1Xtra]].<ref>{{cite web|access-date=20 October 2024|title=Brand new reggae and classic selections - David Rodigan|date=28 Jul 2024|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/m00211w8|website=Bbc.co.uk}}</ref> == Tahajia ya jina == Jina lake la kuzaliwa ni Michael Rose, na jina hili linaonekana kwenye albamu zake nyingi za kujitegemea. Hata hivyo, kuanzia mwaka 1991, alibadilisha uandishi wa jina lake na kuwa ''Mykal Rose'', akidai kuwa hiyo ndiyo tahajia ya jina hilo kwa lugha ya [[Kihabeshi]] (Ethiopia). Amekuwa akitumia pia tahajia tofauti tofauti kwenye kazi zake ikiwemo ''Mykal Roze'', ''Mikal Rose'', na ''Michael Roze''.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Biography: Mykal Rose |url=https://www.reggaeville.com/artist-details/mykal-rose/about/ |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=Reggaeville |language=en}}</ref> == Diskografia == {{div col}} *''Proud'' (1990) *''Bonanza (Japani)'' (1992) *''King of General'' (1994) *''Voice of the Ghetto'' (1995) *''Michael Rose'' (1995) *''Rising Star'' (1995) *''Be Yourself'' (1996) *''Big Sound Frontline'' (1996) *''Nuh Carbon'' (1996) *''[[Dance Wicked]]'' (1997) *''Dub Wicked'' (1997) *''Selassie I Showcase'' (1997) *''Party in Session: Live'' (1998) *''[[Bonanza (Michael Rose album)|Bonanza]]'' (1999) *''X Uhuru'' (1999) *''Never Give It Up'' (2001) *''Live in San Francisco'' (2002) – ilitolewa tena mwaka 2003 kama ''Live at Maritime Hall'' *''Fire Fire Burning'' (2002) *''Happiness: The Best of Michael Rose'' (2004) *''Babylon 9/11 - Tip of the Iceberg'' (2004) *''African Roots'' (2005) *''African Dub'' (2005) *''Babylon A Fight'' (2006) *''Warrior'' (2007) *''Passion of Life'' (2007) *''Warrior Dub'' (2007) *''The Saga'' (2007) *''Great Expectations'' (2008) *''Dub Expectations'' (2008) *''Reggae Legend'' (2012) *''Showdown Inna Bloody Town'' (2012) *''Sidewalk Steppa'' (2016) *''Ska Ska Ska'' (2019) *''Judge Not'' (2023) *''Rockin’ Like a Champion'' (2024) *''Diamond in the Ruff'' (2025) *''We Must Pray'' (2025) *''Aint No Sunshine'' (2025) *''Control Your Emotions'' (2025) *''Run Di Place'' (2025) {{div col end}} == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * {{official website|url=http://mykalrosereggae.com}} * [http://www.last.fm/music/Michael+Rose Ukurasa wa Michael Rose kwenye Last.FM] * [https://www.myspace.com/mykalrose1 Ukurasa Rasmi wa Myspace wa Mykal "Grammy" Rose] {{BD|1957l}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Rose, Michael}} [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Jamaika]] [[Jamii:Waimbaji wa Jamaika]] tb9bt8zbvsswj6p95an7pvdod2xjp1f 1550056 1549996 2026-05-24T23:45:02Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 6 template(s) replaced. 1550056 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Michael Rose | picha = Michael Rose Dortmund.jpg | maelezo = Michael Rose akitumbuiza mjini [[Dortmund]], Ujerumani mnamo mwaka 2007 | background = solo_singer | asili = [[Kingston, Jamaika|Kingston]], Jamaika | aina = [[Reggae]], Afrobeat, [[Ska]] | kazi = Mwimbaji, mtunzi wa nyimbo | miaka ya kazi = 1974–sasa | studio = Heartbeat Records, Kingmaker Music, RCA, Columbia/CBS, Dubshot | washiriki wa zamani = [[Black Uhuru]] | tovuti = {{URL|mykalrosereggae.com}} }} '''Michael Rose''' (alizaliwa 11 Julai 1957)<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://reggaeeurope.com/upcoming-reggae-artists/michael-rose/|title=Michael Rose|website=Reggaeeurope.com|date=11 April 2009|access-date=9 October 2025}}</ref> ni mwimbaji wa muziki wa [[reggae]] kutoka nchini [[Jamaika]]. Anafahamika zaidi duniani kwa mafanikio makubwa aliyopata akiwa mwimbaji mkuu wa kundi la [[Black Uhuru]] tangu mwaka 1977 hadi 1984, kabla ya kuanza safari ya muda mrefu ya muziki akiwa msanii wa kujitegemea.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www2.grammy.com/GRAMMY_Awards/Winners/Results.aspx |title=Archived copy |access-date=29 June 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100103192148/http://www2.grammy.com/GRAMMY_Awards/Winners/Results.aspx |archive-date=3 January 2010 }}</ref> Amesifiwa mara nyingi kama "mmoja wa waimbaji mashuhuri na wa kipekee nchini Jamaika" kwa kuanzisha mtindo wa uimbaji wenye vionjo vya kipekee ulioshamiri kutoka katika mitaa ya Waterhouse jijini [[Kingston, Jamaika|Kingston]].<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Greene |first=Joe-Ann |title=Michael Rose Biography, Songs, & Albums |url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/michael-rose-mn0000466045/biography |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=AllMusic |language=en}}</ref> == Historia ya kazi == Rose alianza kutumbuiza kwenye mashindano ya kusaka vipaji na kwenye kumbi za hoteli nchini Jamaika akiwa bado kijana mdogo. Alirekodi wimbo wake wa kwanza kabisa uitwao "Woman a Gineal fe True" akiwa na umri wa miaka 15 chini ya mtayarishaji Newton Simmons.<ref name=":0" /> Rafiki yake wa utotoni, mpiga ngoma mahiri [[Sly Dunbar]], alimtambulisha kwa mtayarishaji [[Niney the Observer]], ambapo alirekodi naye nyimbo kadhaa mnamo mwaka 1972. Katika kipindi hiki, Rose alipata fursa pia ya kurekodi wimbo mmoja chini ya mtayarishaji nguli [[Lee "Scratch" Perry]].<ref name=":0" /> Alitenga miaka michache iliyofuata kujifunza na kuimarisha uwezo wake wa kutunga nyimbo, na kutoa wimbo wa mchanganyiko wa mtindo wa disco uitwao ''Born Free'' mnamo mwaka 1976 chini ya [[Yabby You]], ambao baadaye ulikuja kutolewa tena na [[Steve Barrow]] kupitia lebo ya [[Blood and Fire (record label)|Blood and Fire]] mnamo mwaka 1997.<ref name="LarkinGE"/> Mnamo mwaka 1977, Sly Dunbar alimtambulisha kwa Derrick "Duckie" Simpson, kiongozi wa kundi la reggae la [[Black Uhuru]]. Kundi hilo lilikuwa kwenye mabadiliko makubwa ya washiriki ambapo lilimwongeza pia mwimbaji wa kike [[Puma Jones]].<ref name="Island">Maelezo ya jalada, ''Black Uhuru, Liberation: The Island Anthology'', Island Records, 1993.</ref> Rose akawa mwimbaji mkuu na mtunzi mkuu wa nyimbo wa kundi hilo, akiliongoza kurekodi albamu saba za studio. Safari hiyo ilianza na albamu ya ''[[Guess Who's Coming to Dinner (album)|Showcase]]'' (1979) na ikajumuisha albamu zilizosifiwa sana kimataifa kama ''[[Red (Black Uhuru album)|Red]]'' ya mwaka 1981, pamoja na albamu ya ''[[Anthem (Black Uhuru album)|Anthem]]'' (1983) iliyotwaa [[Tuzo za Grammy]].<ref name="allmusic-charts">{{AllMusic|class=album|id=r103367|tab=charts-awards/grammy|label="''Anthem'' > Charts & Awards > Grammy Awards"|access-date=12 November 2010}}</ref> Albamu hiyo ilishinda tuzo ya Albamu Bora ya Reggae mnamo mwaka 1985, ukiwa ndio mwaka wa kwanza kabisa kwa tuzo hiyo kuanzishwa kwenye historia ya Grammy.<ref {{Rejea kitabu |last=Moskowitz |first=David Vlado |title=Caribbean Popular Music: An Encyclopedia of Reggae, Mento, Ska, Rock Steady, and Dancehall |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |year=2006 |isbn=0313331588 |pages=268}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka 1985, Rose alijiondoa Black Uhuru baada ya kutofautiana na Simpson, na kuamua kuhamia kwenye milima ya [[Blue Mountains (Jamaika)|Blue Mountains]] nchini Jamaika kwa ajili ya kufanya kilimo cha kahawa. Alirekodi nyimbo kadhaa nchini humo lakini jina lake halikusikika sana nje ya kisiwa hicho hadi mwaka 1989, aliposaini mkataba na lebo ya [[RCA Records|RCA]] na kutoa albamu iliyoathiriwa na mtindo wa pop iitwayo ''Proud'' barani Ulaya na nchini Japani.<ref name=":0" /> Mkataba huo na RCA ulikuwa wa muda mfupi, na Rose alirejea Jamaika kuendelea kurekodi safu ya nyimbo zilizotayarishwa na mapacha wa muziki [[Sly and Robbie]]. Albamu pekee zilizotoka katika kipindi hiki zilikuwa ''Bonanza'' (1991) na ''King of General'' (1992) ambazo zilitoka nchini Japani pekee.<ref name=":0" /> Nyimbo hizo baadaye zilikusanywa na kutolewa kwenye albamu ya ''Sly and Robbie Presents: Mykall Rose – The Taxi Sessions'' mnamo mwaka 1995. Katika mwaka huo huo, alisaini mkataba na lebo ya [[Heartbeat Records]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Michael Rose - Michael Rose Album Reviews, Songs & More |website=[[AllMusic]] |url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/michael-rose-mw0000172038 |access-date=2023-05-11 |language=en}}</ref> Kati ya mwaka 1995 na 2004, lebo ya Heartbeat Records ilitoa jumla ya albamu tisa za Rose, na mara kwa mara nyimbo zake zilikuwa zikiingia kwenye chati za muziki nchini Jamaika na barani Ulaya.<ref name=":0" /> Alirejea tena na kuungana na kundi la Black Uhuru mnamo mwaka 2004 kwa ajili ya ziara ya miaka mingi ya kimuziki iliyopewa jina la ''Black Uhuru featuring Michael Rose''.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Harris |first=Craig |title=Black Uhuru Biography, Songs, & Albums |url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/black-uhuru-mn0000081683/biography |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=AllMusic |language=en}}</ref> Wakati akifanya ziara hizo, aliendelea pia kurekodi na kutumbuiza kama msanii wa kujitegemea. Mnamo mwaka 2019, alitoa albamu yake ya kwanza baada ya kimya cha miaka kumi na moja, mradi wa muziki wa [[ska]] uitwao ''Ska Ska Ska.''<ref>Campbell, Howard (2019) "[http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/article/20190927/ARTICLE/190929779/1116 Rose promotes J'can Ska]", ''[[Jamaica Observer]]'', 27 September 2019. Retrieved 6 October 2019</ref> Wimbo wake wa mwaka 2022 uitwao "Glory to [[Jah]]" ulivutia hisia na kupata umaarufu mkubwa kwenye vyombo vya habari nchini Jamaika.<ref>Campbell, Howard (2022) "[https://www.jamaicaobserver.com/entertainment/mykal-rose-gives-jah-glory_243871?profile=1116 Mykal Rose gives Jah glory]", ''[[Jamaica Observer]]'', 15 February 2022. Retrieved 16 February 2022</ref> Mnamo mwaka 2022, Rose alianza kutumbuiza kwenye matamasha makubwa nchini Marekani akisindikizwa na bendi ya zamani ya Lee "Scratch" Perry inayojulikana kama [[Subatomic Sound System]]. Alitumbuiza kwenye matamasha kama CaliVibes Fest na CaliRoots (2023), tamasha la KayaFest la akina Marley huko Red Rocks, na tamasha la KCRW's Reggae at Night kwenye ukumbi wa Hollywood Bowl mnamo mwaka 2024. Albamu ya pamoja ya ushirikiano kati ya Mykal Rose, Subatomic Sound System, na mwimbaji wa Uingereza [[Hollie Cook]] iitwayo ''Rockin' Like a Champion'' ilitolewa rasmi mnamo tarehe 26 Julai 2024 chini ya lebo za Dubshot na Controlled Substance Sound Labs. Mtangazaji mashuhuri [[David Rodigan]] alicheza wimbo mkuu wa albamu hiyo kwa mara ya kwanza kupitia kituo cha redio cha [[BBC Radio 1Xtra]].<ref>{{cite web|access-date=20 October 2024|title=Brand new reggae and classic selections - David Rodigan|date=28 Jul 2024|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/m00211w8|website=Bbc.co.uk}}</ref> == Tahajia ya jina == Jina lake la kuzaliwa ni Michael Rose, na jina hili linaonekana kwenye albamu zake nyingi za kujitegemea. Hata hivyo, kuanzia mwaka 1991, alibadilisha uandishi wa jina lake na kuwa ''Mykal Rose'', akidai kuwa hiyo ndiyo tahajia ya jina hilo kwa lugha ya [[Kihabeshi]] (Ethiopia). Amekuwa akitumia pia tahajia tofauti tofauti kwenye kazi zake ikiwemo ''Mykal Roze'', ''Mikal Rose'', na ''Michael Roze''.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last= |title=Biography: Mykal Rose |url=https://www.reggaeville.com/artist-details/mykal-rose/about/ |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=Reggaeville |language=en}}</ref> == Diskografia == {{div col}} *''Proud'' (1990) *''Bonanza (Japani)'' (1992) *''King of General'' (1994) *''Voice of the Ghetto'' (1995) *''Michael Rose'' (1995) *''Rising Star'' (1995) *''Be Yourself'' (1996) *''Big Sound Frontline'' (1996) *''Nuh Carbon'' (1996) *''[[Dance Wicked]]'' (1997) *''Dub Wicked'' (1997) *''Selassie I Showcase'' (1997) *''Party in Session: Live'' (1998) *''[[Bonanza (Michael Rose album)|Bonanza]]'' (1999) *''X Uhuru'' (1999) *''Never Give It Up'' (2001) *''Live in San Francisco'' (2002) – ilitolewa tena mwaka 2003 kama ''Live at Maritime Hall'' *''Fire Fire Burning'' (2002) *''Happiness: The Best of Michael Rose'' (2004) *''Babylon 9/11 - Tip of the Iceberg'' (2004) *''African Roots'' (2005) *''African Dub'' (2005) *''Babylon A Fight'' (2006) *''Warrior'' (2007) *''Passion of Life'' (2007) *''Warrior Dub'' (2007) *''The Saga'' (2007) *''Great Expectations'' (2008) *''Dub Expectations'' (2008) *''Reggae Legend'' (2012) *''Showdown Inna Bloody Town'' (2012) *''Sidewalk Steppa'' (2016) *''Ska Ska Ska'' (2019) *''Judge Not'' (2023) *''Rockin’ Like a Champion'' (2024) *''Diamond in the Ruff'' (2025) *''We Must Pray'' (2025) *''Aint No Sunshine'' (2025) *''Control Your Emotions'' (2025) *''Run Di Place'' (2025) {{div col end}} == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * {{official website|url=http://mykalrosereggae.com}} * [http://www.last.fm/music/Michael+Rose Ukurasa wa Michael Rose kwenye Last.FM] * [https://www.myspace.com/mykalrose1 Ukurasa Rasmi wa Myspace wa Mykal "Grammy" Rose] {{BD|1957l}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Rose, Michael}} [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Jamaika]] [[Jamii:Waimbaji wa Jamaika]] 9yrwq1prqp2u8b0dfnmnwb1td87ryt1 Scott Helman 0 196650 1549862 1389110 2026-05-24T15:25:23Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549862 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Scott Helman''' (alizaliwa [[1 Oktoba]] [[1995]]) ni [[mwimbaji]] na mtunzi wa [[nyimbo]] kutoka nchini [[Kanada]] anayetoka [[Toronto]]. Alitoa EP yake ya kwanza ''Augusta'' mwaka [[2014]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.iheartradio.ca/news/scott-helman-i-just-want-more-people-to-hear-my-music-1.3925801|title=Scott Helman: 'I Just Want More People to Hear My Music'|date=9 June 2018|accessdate=2025-01-09|archive-date=2021-09-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928045207/https://www.iheartradio.ca/news/scott-helman-i-just-want-more-people-to-hear-my-music-1.3925801|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url = https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/music/2015/05/04/scott-helmans-hard-decision-to-make-living-at-music-at-age-19.html|title = Scott Helman's 'hard decision' to make living at music at age 19|last = Rayner|first = Ben|work = [[Toronto Star]]|date = 2015-05-04|accessdate = 2015-06-05}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanamuziki}} {{BD|1995|}} [[Jamii:Waimbaji wa Kanada]] oig2j7jq6rj7hgga8mjrw6ms5612g9f Sarah Kalume 0 207764 1549855 1432626 2026-05-24T15:13:57Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549855 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Msanii muziki 2 |Jina = Sarah Kalume |Img= |Jina la kuzaliwa = Sarah Kalume |Asili yake = [[DRC]] |Amezaliwa = 1990 |utaifa = [[Tanzania|Mtanzania]] |Aina = {{hlist|[[R&B]]|Afro pop}} |Kazi yake = {{hlist|[[mwanamuziki]]|[[mtunzi wa nyimbo]]|mtangazaji}} |Pia anajulikana kama=Vee Money|Miaka ya kazi=2012 }} '''Sarah Kalume''' ni mwimbaji, mtunzi wa nyimbo na mnenguaji wa [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], kutoka mji wa Kongolo, katika jimbo la Tanganyika. == Wasifu == == Kazi == Alianza kazi yake katika kwaya ya [[kanisa]] lake <ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|last=Marie-Ange|title=Sarah Kalume : La nouvelle star|url=https://zaidoirie.com/sarah-kalume|date=2016-12-15|accessdate=2021-03-30}}</ref> , <ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=Sarah Kalume|url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/fr/directory/sarah-kalume|date=2018-06-05|accessdate=2021-03-30}}</ref> , <ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|title=Découverte : Sarah Kalume – Posa Kobimisa [Clip]|url=https://bwelitribe.com/2020/10/22/decouverte-sarah-kalume-posa-kobimisa-clip/|date=2020-10-22|accessdate=2021-03-30|archive-date=2024-11-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130100149/https://bwelitribe.com/2020/10/22/decouverte-sarah-kalume-posa-kobimisa-clip/|url-status=dead}}</ref> . Katika umri wa miaka 16, alishiriki katika shindano la wasanii wachanga wa kikundi " [[Makoma]] ", shindano lililoandaliwa katika Cinépolis huko [[Kinshasa]] <ref name=":2"/> . Baada ya uzoefu huu, aliendeleza ladha ya kazi ya muziki <ref name=":0"/> , <ref name=":1"/> . Sarah Kalume anashiriki katika msimu wa pili wa shindano la televisheni " Vodacom Superstar ", aliibuka mshindi kwa bahati ya kurekodi ''swichi moja ya Light'' na mfadhili wa hafla hiyo, bosi wa lebo ya [[Konvict Muzik]], nyota wa Marekani [[Akon]] <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=RDC : la lauréate de la Vodacom Superstar 2011, Sarah Kalume, enregistre un titre avec Akon|url=https://www.radiookapi.net/culture/2012/07/10/rdc-la-laureate-de-la-vodacom-superstar-2011-sarah-kalume-enregistre-titre-avec-akon|date=2012-07-10|accessdate=2021-03-31}}</ref> . Mnamo 2020, alitangaza kuwa alikuwa akipanga kushirikiana na Innoss'B, tayari akiwa amerekodi vizuri tangu 2016, wakati wa uzinduzi wa wimbo "Osakana wa nga". <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=mediacongo.net - Actualités - Bientôt une collaboration entre innoss'b et sarah kalume, deux anciens lauréats de voda superstar|url=https://www.mediacongo.net/article-actualite-74452_bientot_une_collaboration_entre_innoss_b_et_sarah_kalume_deux_anciens_laureats_de_voda_superstar.html|accessdate=2021-03-31}}</ref> . Sarah Kalume pia anashiriki katika kupigania haki za wanawake nchini Kongo <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|first=La|last=Pros|title=JIF : Sarah Kalume appelle les femmes congolaises à lutter pour leurs droits|url=https://laprosperiteonline.net/2020/03/08/societe/jif-sarah-kalume-appelle-les-femmes-congolaises-a-lutter-pour-leurs-droits/|date=2020-03-08|accessdate=2021-03-31|archive-date=2020-03-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200309153406/https://laprosperiteonline.net/2020/03/08/societe/jif-sarah-kalume-appelle-les-femmes-congolaises-a-lutter-pour-leurs-droits/|url-status=dead}}</ref> . Mnamo 2020, wimbo " ''En confinement"'' wa Sarah Kalume <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=DEJA PRETE A SE REMETTRE SUR SCÈNE, SARAH KALUME PROPOSE DEUX NOUVEAUX SONS – VOILA NIGHT|url=https://voila.cd/deja-prete-a-se-remettre-sur-scene-sarah-kalume-propose-deux-nouveaux-sons/|accessdate=2021-03-31}}</ref> ulisambaa na hata kufikia masikio ya rapper wa Kifaransa Booba . Mwisho huchapisha video ya wimbo huu kwenye Facebook na Instagram <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|first=Glody|last=Pinganayi|title=Sarah Kalume en mode "Confinement Covid-19"|url=https://www.lemag.cd/people/2020/04/09/sarah-kalume-en-mode-confinement-covid-19|date=2020-04-08|accessdate=2021-03-31}}</ref> , <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|title=RDC – Musique : La chanson « En confinement » de Sarah Kalume fait craquer Booba|url=https://www.eventsrdc.com/rdc-musique-la-chanson-en-confinement-de-sarah-kalume-fait-craquer-booba/|date=2020-05-06|accessdate=2021-03-31}}</ref> . == Diskografia == === Nyimbo === * 2012 : Light switch feat (Akon) * 2019 : Buzoba na nga * 2020 : En confinement * 2020 : Posa 'a ko bimisa * 2020 : Je te garde == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} [[Jamii:waimbaji wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] pdv57p0mf63vt17rnsot2gwzfhmlcga Wikipedia:Mradi wa Nchi 4 208508 1549880 1549571 2026-05-24T15:49:48Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Sasisha Takwimu za mradi 1549880 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-05-24) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 58 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 74 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 28 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-05-24)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 666 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.31 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 617 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 142 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 8.80 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2810 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1032 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2057 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.09 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 519 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 261 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 395 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 457 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 445 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 235 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.16 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1086 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 343 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 168 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 707 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 202 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 202 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.93 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 833 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 5.59 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 378 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 246 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 198 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 284 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 156 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 276 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 240 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 417 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 196 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 272 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 480 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.47 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 272 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 154 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 127 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 114 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 184 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 213 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 152 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 198 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 198 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 280 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 114 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 353 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 268 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 125 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 3.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 394 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.45 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 214 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 165 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 159 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 105 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Zambia]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 407 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 142 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Norwei]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Nepal]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 95 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 180 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 93 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.97 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 1.96 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Guam]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 5 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 173 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34939 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 28542 || ↓ -12.4% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 202.0 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 165.0 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2810 || ↓ -6.8% |- | 2 || [[Irani]] || 1086 || ↓ -11.3% |- | 3 || [[Marekani]] || 1032 || ↓ -18.3% |- | 4 || [[Uingereza]] || 833 || ↑ +72.5% |- | 5 || [[Ufaransa]] || 707 || ↑ +93.7% |- | 6 || [[Kenya]] || 666 || ↑ +4.2% |- | 7 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 617 || ↑ +0.2% |- | 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 519 || ↑ +14.3% |- | 9 || [[San Marino]] || 480 || ↑ +1987.0% |- | 10 || [[Urusi]] || 457 || ↓ -11.4% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 688 || 43.8% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 393 || 25.0% |- | 3 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 136 || 8.7% |- | 4 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 102 || 6.5% |- | 5 || [[User:Kozak2025|Kozak2025]] || 17 || 1.1% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.8% |- | 7 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.8% |- | 8 || [[User:Borisherman|Borisherman]] || 10 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 8 || 0.5% |- | 10 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.5% |- |} atprss3z5w5stzx0bljkzndtfz4w5ti 1549882 1549880 2026-05-24T15:51:14Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column 1549882 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-05-24) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 58 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 74 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 28 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-05-24)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 666 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.31 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 617 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 142 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 8.80 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2810 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1032 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2057 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.09 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 519 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 261 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 395 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 457 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 445 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 235 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.16 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1086 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 343 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 168 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 707 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 202 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 202 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.93 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 833 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 5.59 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 378 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 246 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 198 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 284 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 156 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 276 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 240 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 417 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 196 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 272 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 480 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.47 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 272 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 154 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 127 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 114 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 184 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 213 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 152 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 198 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 198 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 280 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 114 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 353 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 268 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 125 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 3.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 394 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.45 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 214 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 165 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 159 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 105 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Zambia]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 407 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 142 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Norwei]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Nepal]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 95 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 180 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 93 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.97 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 1.96 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Guam]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 5 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 173 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34939 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 28542 || ↓ -12.4% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 202.0 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 165.0 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2810 || ↓ -6.8% |- | 2 || [[Irani]] || 1086 || ↓ -11.3% |- | 3 || [[Marekani]] || 1032 || ↓ -18.3% |- | 4 || [[Uingereza]] || 833 || ↑ +72.5% |- | 5 || [[Ufaransa]] || 707 || ↑ +93.7% |- | 6 || [[Kenya]] || 666 || ↑ +4.2% |- | 7 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 617 || ↑ +0.2% |- | 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 519 || ↑ +14.3% |- | 9 || [[San Marino]] || 480 || ↑ +1987.0% |- | 10 || [[Urusi]] || 457 || ↓ -11.4% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 688 || 43.8% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 393 || 25.0% |- | 3 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 136 || 8.7% |- | 4 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 102 || 6.5% |- | 5 || [[User:Kozak2025|Kozak2025]] || 17 || 1.1% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.8% |- | 7 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.8% |- | 8 || [[User:Borisherman|Borisherman]] || 10 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 8 || 0.5% |- | 10 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.5% |- |} 4j4bq2lhivx8dlyw7mxfuofriq5q1fx 1550035 1549882 2026-05-24T21:15:11Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Sasisha Takwimu za mradi 1550035 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-05-24) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 58 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 74 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 28 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-05-24)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 666 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.31 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 617 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 142 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 8.80 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2810 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1032 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2057 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.09 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 519 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 261 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 395 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 457 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 445 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 235 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.16 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1086 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 343 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 168 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 707 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 202 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 202 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.93 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 833 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 5.59 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 378 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 246 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 198 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 284 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 156 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 276 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 240 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 417 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 196 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 272 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 480 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.47 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 272 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 154 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 127 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 114 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 184 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 213 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 152 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 198 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 198 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 280 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 114 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 353 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 268 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 125 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 3.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 394 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.45 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 214 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 165 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 159 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 105 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Zambia]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 407 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 142 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Norwei]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Nepal]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 95 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 180 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 93 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.97 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 1.96 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Guam]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 5 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 173 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34940 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 28542 || ↓ -12.4% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 202.0 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 165.0 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2810 || ↓ -6.8% |- | 2 || [[Irani]] || 1086 || ↓ -11.3% |- | 3 || [[Marekani]] || 1032 || ↓ -18.3% |- | 4 || [[Uingereza]] || 833 || ↑ +72.5% |- | 5 || [[Ufaransa]] || 707 || ↑ +93.7% |- | 6 || [[Kenya]] || 666 || ↑ +4.2% |- | 7 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 617 || ↑ +0.2% |- | 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 519 || ↑ +14.3% |- | 9 || [[San Marino]] || 480 || ↑ +1987.0% |- | 10 || [[Urusi]] || 457 || ↓ -11.4% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 688 || 43.8% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 393 || 25.0% |- | 3 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 136 || 8.7% |- | 4 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 102 || 6.5% |- | 5 || [[User:Kozak2025|Kozak2025]] || 17 || 1.1% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.8% |- | 7 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.8% |- | 8 || [[User:Borisherman|Borisherman]] || 10 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 8 || 0.5% |- | 10 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.5% |- |} qg796zqmjex42kq9q2pmmdd58jme8ny 1550036 1550035 2026-05-24T21:18:36Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column 1550036 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-05-24) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 58 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 74 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 28 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-05-24)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 666 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.31 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 617 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 142 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 8.80 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2810 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1032 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2057 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.09 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 519 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 261 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 395 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 457 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 445 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 235 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.16 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1086 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 343 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 168 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 707 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 202 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 202 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.93 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 833 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 5.59 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 378 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 246 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 198 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 284 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 156 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 276 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 240 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 417 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 196 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 272 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 480 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.47 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 272 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 154 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 127 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 114 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 184 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 213 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 152 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 198 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 198 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 280 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 114 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 353 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 268 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 125 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 3.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 394 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.45 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 214 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 165 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 159 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 105 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Zambia]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 407 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 142 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Norwei]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Nepal]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 95 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 180 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.97 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 1.96 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Guam]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 5 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 173 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34940 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 28542 || ↓ -12.4% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 202.0 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 165.0 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2810 || ↓ -6.8% |- | 2 || [[Irani]] || 1086 || ↓ -11.3% |- | 3 || [[Marekani]] || 1032 || ↓ -18.3% |- | 4 || [[Uingereza]] || 833 || ↑ +72.5% |- | 5 || [[Ufaransa]] || 707 || ↑ +93.7% |- | 6 || [[Kenya]] || 666 || ↑ +4.2% |- | 7 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 617 || ↑ +0.2% |- | 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 519 || ↑ +14.3% |- | 9 || [[San Marino]] || 480 || ↑ +1987.0% |- | 10 || [[Urusi]] || 457 || ↓ -11.4% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 688 || 43.8% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 393 || 25.0% |- | 3 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 136 || 8.7% |- | 4 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 102 || 6.5% |- | 5 || [[User:Kozak2025|Kozak2025]] || 17 || 1.1% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.8% |- | 7 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.8% |- | 8 || [[User:Borisherman|Borisherman]] || 10 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 8 || 0.5% |- | 10 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.5% |- |} 075ickq8vica69v0aqx7uu3s2y33awo Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa 3 225160 1550191 1545528 2026-05-25T07:33:25Z Hussein m mmbaga 52054 /* Jifunze hapa uandishi wa makala za wikipedia */ mjadala mpya 1550191 wikitext text/x-wiki == Karibu == Napenda kukukaribisha kwenye page yangu. @[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 06:33, 2 Machi 2026 (UTC) :ahsante ndugu '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl|majadiliano]])''' 06:35, 2 Machi 2026 (UTC)<div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 2 Machi 2026 (UTC) ==Kuchangia makala== Ukikuta makala ipo, usifute kazi ya wenzio kwa kutafsiri upya, tena kwa mashine. Ongezea palepale. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:18, 25 Machi 2026 (UTC) == Makala zenye utata wa vyanzo == Habari ndugu, Tunashukuru kwa kazi yako. Tafadhari ukisha ipandisha makala jaribu kuangalia kama kila kitu kimekaa sawa, makala zako nyingi zina kasoro kwenye viungo. Mfano makala hii '''Wafaa El-Sadr'''. Tafadhari rudia kuepuka kufutwa na kufungiwa. Asante. '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy|majadiliano]])''' 12:27, 7 Aprili 2026 (UTC) == Matumizi ya Translation tool == Habari ndugu, Unatumia Translation tool na kuchapisha makala bila ya kuifanyia marekebisha kabisa. Hakikisha unapitia makala kwa kuweka kiswahili vizuri na miundo ya sentensi na sio kuamini kile kilichofanywa na tool yenyewe. Aidha ni bora kutumia njia ya kawaida kwa kufanya tafsiri kidogo kidogo na sio kutumia tool kutafsiri makala nzima bila ya mapitio ya kutosha. Matumizi ya translation tool sio vibaya kwani inarahisisha kazi ila inakuhitaji umakini wa kutosha kwenye kuweka kiswahili vizuri kabla ya kuchapisha. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 11:17, 9 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :Habari ndugu Anuary.nimekuelewa :naomba usiwe unafunga basi ila unielekeze nini cha kufanya kama ulivyoniambia hapo.Asante '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:23, 10 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::Bado unarudia makosa yale yale, bora uandike makala fupi (aya mbili au tatu) inayoeleweka vizuri kuliko kutumia kutumia Transalation Tool kuchapisha makala ndefu yenye makosa mengi. Pia usifanye tafsiri ya Jina la chama cha siasa, kampuni n.k huandikwa kama ilivyo mfano katika makala hii ya [[Gorreth Namugga]] ulioandika tazama baada ya maboresho kadhaa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 08:01, 11 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :Sawa.asante '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:06, 11 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::Ndugu, mwenzako Valuegirl anazidi kujifunza uhariri, kumbe wewe unarudi nyuma. Vipi? Tafadhali, angalia ninavyorekebisha makala zako. Aamani kwako! --[[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2026-24519-62|&#126;2026-24519-62]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2026-24519-62|talk]]) 12:00, 21 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :::asante kwa marekebisho.nitajitahidi zaidi '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:12, 21 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::::Ndugu, sioni mabadiliko. Maana yake huangalii makala zako zinavyorekebishwa, kw. mf. kufuta references zisizorejelea chochote. Sasa nitakusimamisha kwa siku moja ili uwe na muda wa kujifunza katika masahihisho hayo. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:37, 22 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :::::Asante ndugu Riccardo.naendelea kujifunza zaidi nimejirekebisha sasa '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:56, 23 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::::::Mbona bado? --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 11:20, 25 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :::::::Habari Riccardo.Je hizi za sasa ziko sawa kabla sijaendelea '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:29, 28 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::::::::Nafuu ipo, ila uzidi kupitia makala zako kuona zilivyorekebishwa. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:53, 28 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :::::::::Asante sana.Naendelea kujifunza '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:56, 28 Aprili 2026 (UTC) == Interwiki na Marejeo == Ahsante sana kwa michango yako ila napenda kukudokeza kwamba makala zako nyingi ulizotafsiri unasahau kuongeza [[Msaada:Interwiki|interwiki]]. Rejea kwenye makala zako na uongeze interwiki. Pia ongeza juhudi kidogo kwenye upande wa [[Msaada:Vyanzo|marejeo]], hasa pale ambapo rejeo umeshalitumia na unataka kutumia tena kwa mara ya pili na ya tatu, kwa hali kama hiyo tumia re-use.'''[[Mtumiaji:Abubakari Sixberth|Abubakari Sixberth]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Abubakari Sixberth|majadiliano]])''' 23:17, 28 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :Asante sana ndugu.nitajitahidi sana '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 18:34, 29 Aprili 2026 (UTC) == Makala za mashine == Hujambo? Najua unatumia mashine kutafsiri. Si vibaya. Ubaya ni kuacha mashine iamue hatima ya ubora wa tafsiri. Ninakufuatilia namna unavyochapisha hadi kesho jioni kama hutabadilika kuboresha makala zako nitakuweka sandukuni kwa muda wa wiki ama mwezi ili upate ufahamu kutupia makala za mashine bila kupitisha macho si kitu chema hapa. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 16:43, 9 Mei 2026 (UTC) :Asante ndugu.nimekuelewa naomba unipe nafasi tena '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 18:27, 9 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::Kijana wa Arusha, haya, andika upesi taarifa zako fupi katika ukurasa wa mtumiaji. Fanya kama wengine ama akina sisi tulivyofanya inasaidia kujuana. Utaje na jumuia yako unayotoka. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 19:17, 9 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::Haraka haraka haina baraka. Huoni unavyonilazimisha kusahihisha makala zako kila dakika kwa makosa yaleyale, kuanzia kichwa cha Kiingereza? Kweli hujui kwamba politician au footballer si Kiswahili? Huwezi kuandika mwanasiasa au mwanasoka? Usipobadilika, itanibidi nikuzuie kwanza. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 07:52, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) :::habari ndugu Riccardo mimi naandika makala ya wanawake wa Brazil..... hiyo inaonyesha ni Uingereza ni mimi kweli '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:14, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::::Nani alianzisha makala hizi: [[Débora Menezes (politician)|Débora Menezes]] na [[Giselle Monteiro (politician)|Giselle Monteiro]]? --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 08:21, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) :::::hizo ni mimi nitajirekebisha. haitajirudia tena '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:29, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::::::Leo pia nimetumia saa nzima kupitia upya makala zako. Jifunze kwa kuangalia nilivyozirekebisha. Kosa jipya la leo ni kurejelea Wikipedia ya Kiingereza katika madondoo. Marufuku! Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:09, 17 Mei 2026 (UTC) :::::::asante Riccardo.asante kwa kunivumilia naendelea kujifunza '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:55, 17 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::::::::habari ndugu Riccardo.naona umenifungia, ni kweli nafanya makosa lakini hata mimi sipendi najitahidi kujirekebisha na kujifunza pia.naomba unifungulie nipo kwenye shindano nimeshapambana mpaka leo ukinifungia uwezekano wa kuzidiwa na wenzangu ni mkubwa na hata nisiweze kuendelea.asante '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:54, 18 Mei 2026 (UTC) :::::::::@[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] Pole sana. Nafikiri amekufunga kwa siku mojaa pekee. Vuta subira. '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 08:25, 18 Mei 2026 (UTC) == Mradi wa Nchi == Kumekuwa na migogoro mingi kuhusu majina ya makala za nchi katika Wikipedia, lakini bado hakujawahi kuwa na mjadala wa kina wa kutatua suala hilo. Kuna mradi wa [[Wikipedia:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]] chini ya [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi]] unaolenga kushughulikia tatizo hili, lakini kufanikisha hilo kunahitaji uhamasishaji na ushiriki mkubwa zaidi wa jamii. Hivyo basi, nawaomba mshiriki katika kusaidia kutatua migogoro hii ya majina; iwe unaunga mkono au unapinga pendekezo lolote, tafadhali toa maoni na mawazo yako. Baadhi ya mapendekezo yanayoweza kuhitaji mjadala mdogo kabla ya kuidhinishwa ni pamoja na [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Guinea]] na [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Guinea Bisau]], na unaweza kuanza kushiriki huko. Ikiwa una maoni au mapendekezo mengine yoyote, tafadhali nijulishe. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 05:13, 15 Mei 2026 (UTC) == Jifunze hapa uandishi wa makala za wikipedia == habari ndugu , pole na hongera kwa kazi naona umekua ukirekebishwa na unarudia yale yale, kama bado ni mgeni tafadhali pitia na usome hapa [[Wikipedia:Msaada wa kuanzisha makala]] vizuri utapata mwangaza mzuri, usiwe na haraka , amani kwako '''[[Mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|Hussein m mmbaga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|majadiliano]])''' 07:33, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) rqst3ryiko4vl379l8bxrgyl83pflrv Silvia Benedetti 0 233810 1549916 1540555 2026-05-24T17:10:37Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549916 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Silvia Benedetti''' (alizaliwa 24 Oktoba 1979) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Italia]]. Alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge katika [[Bunge la Italia]] wakati wa [[Uchaguzi mkuu wa Italia wa 2013]], na alifanya kazi bungeni hadi tarehe 22 Machi 2018.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camera.it/leg17/29?shadow_deputato=305602&idpersona=305602&idlegislatura=17|title=BENEDETTI Silvia - MIX|publisher=[[Chamber of Deputies (Italy)|Chamber of Deputies]]|language=it}}</ref> == Wasifu == Alichaguliwa kupitia chama cha [[Five Star Movement]] (M5S) katika jimbo la Veneto 1, lakini mnamo mwaka 2018 aliondoka kwenye chama hicho na kumalizia awamu yake kama mbunge asiye na chama (mista).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://parlamento17.openpolis.it/persone/silvia-benedetti/305602|title=Silvia Benedetti|publisher=[[:it:Openpolis|Openpolis]]|language=it}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Alijulikana sana kwa mchango wake katika Kamati ya Kilimo ya bunge. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1979||Benedetti, Silvia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Wabunge wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] girzuli3yzdg71bgh8oolqvf8uqh1ei Steven Kamwendo 0 233811 1549946 1540638 2026-05-24T18:22:24Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549946 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Stevin Stafford Kamwendo''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa zamani wa Malawi. Alikuwa Naibu [[Waziri]] wa Mambo ya Nje mwaka 2010. Kamwendo aliwahi kuhudumu kama mbunge katika Bunge la Taifa la Malawi. Alikuwa mbunge kuanzia Mei 2009 na alihudumu katika baraza la mawaziri la marehemu Dkt. Bingu wa Mutharika kati ya mwaka 2009 hadi 2011. Mnamo Mei 2009 aliteuliwa kuwa Naibu Waziri wa Viwanda na [[Biashara]]. Alizaliwa tarehe 30 Novemba 1966 katika kijiji cha Kansadzu, Wilaya ya Ntcheu District katika Kanda ya Kati ya Malawi. Mnamo Agosti 2010, aliteuliwa kuwa Naibu Waziri wa Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje kufuatia mabadiliko ya baraza la mawaziri. Kamwendo ana shahada ya kwanza ya Kilimo kutoka University of Malawi, Bunda College. Kabla ya kuingia katika siasa, alifanya kazi katika miradi ya European Union ndani ya Wizara ya Kilimo ya Serikali ya Malawi kuanzia mwaka 1997 hadi 2000, na tena kuanzia mwaka 2006 hadi 2009. Pia alifanya kazi katika kampuni ya mauzo ya kemikali kama Meneja wa Masoko na Mauzo kuanzia mwaka 2004 hadi 2006. Aidha, alishiriki katika timu ya kuanzisha programu za usalama wa chakula za International Eye Foundation <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=International Eye Foundation (IEF) {{!}} International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness|url=http://www.iapb.org:80/member/international-eye-foundation-ief|work=www.iapb.org|accessdate=2026-05-11|language=en}}</ref>kati ya mwaka 1995 hadi 1997 na CARE International kati ya mwaka 1997 hadi 1999.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Wayback Machine|url=https://www.care-international.org/files/files/publications/CARE-International-Overview-2011.pdf|work=www.care-international.org|accessdate=2026-05-11}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] 8zen47k0g1pp4454s1dp0t4y6my7fz6 Saipin Chutima 0 233892 1549819 1540984 2026-05-24T14:29:41Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 3 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549819 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Saipin Chutima''' (amezaliwa 1954 au 1955) ni mpishi na mmiliki wa mgahawa kutoka [[Las Vegas]], Nevada, [[Marekani]]. Yeye ni mpishi mkuu wa mgahawa wa Lotus of Siam. Mwaka 2011, alishinda kwa pamoja tuzo ya James Beard Award ya Mpishi Bora wa Kanda ya Kusini-Magharibi (Best Chef Southwest). == Maisha ya awali == Chutima anatoka Chiang Mai, [[Uthai|Thailand]], ambako alilelewa na babu na bibi zake ambao walikuwa wakulima na wafanyabiashara.<ref name="PBS-2023">{{Rejea tovuti |date=12 Mei 2023 |title=Saipin Chutima & Penny Chua |url=[https://www.pbs.org/video/nevada-week-in-person-saipin-chutima-penny-chua-sdjexv/](https://www.pbs.org/video/nevada-week-in-person-saipin-chutima-penny-chua-sdjexv/) |website=[[PBS]] }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Alihamia Los Angeles mwaka 1987, kisha baadaye akahamia Las Vegas.<ref name="PBS-2023" /> == Kazi == Chutima na mume wake walifungua mgahawa wa Lotus of Siam mwaka 1999.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Schuster |first=Clayton Mory |date=2019-09-13 |title=Lotus Of Siam: The Las Vegas Thai Restaurant With Century-Old Recipes |url=[https://theculturetrip.com/north-america/usa/nevada/articles/lotus-of-siam-the-las-vegas-thai-restaurant-with-century-old-recipes](https://theculturetrip.com/north-america/usa/nevada/articles/lotus-of-siam-the-las-vegas-thai-restaurant-with-century-old-recipes) |access-date=2024-07-26 |website=[[Culture Trip]] |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Mapishi yake yanategemea mapishi ya jadi aliyorithi kutoka kwa bibi yake.<ref name="PBS-2023" /><ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Durano |first=Genevie |date=12 Novemba 2020 |title=Lotus of Siam's Northern Thai Comfort Food is Back Where it All Began |url=[https://lasvegasweekly.com/dining/2020/nov/12/lotus-of-siams-northern-thai-comfort-food-is-back/](https://lasvegasweekly.com/dining/2020/nov/12/lotus-of-siams-northern-thai-comfort-food-is-back/) |website=[[Las Vegas Weekly]] }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1950s|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uthai]] lkzce6h6nwht6ot8xeodbarzv54ryrq Sabrina Ghayour 0 233906 1549808 1540705 2026-05-24T14:20:21Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549808 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sabrina Ghayour''' (alizaliwa 5 Januari 1976) ni mpishi, mwandishi wa vitabu vya mapishi na mwandishi wa vitabu kutoka [[Uingereza]] na [[Irani|Irani]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Tovuti rasmi ya Sabrina Ghayour|url=[http://www.sabrinaghayour.com/|accessdate=28](http://www.sabrinaghayour.com/|accessdate=28) Disemba 2014}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Yeye ni mwenyeji wa klabu ya chakula cha jioni iitwayo ‘Sabrina's Kitchen’ na alitoa kitabu chake cha kwanza cha mapishi, ''Persiana'', mwezi Mei 2014.<ref name="OctopusPublishers">{{cite book|title= Persiana By Sabrina Ghayour| isbn=978-1-84533-910-4 |url = [https://www.octopusbooks.co.uk/books/detail.page?isbn=9781845339104|accessdate=28](https://www.octopusbooks.co.uk/books/detail.page?isbn=9781845339104|accessdate=28) Disemba 2014 | last1=Ghayour | first1=Sabrina | date=16 Mei 2024 | publisher=Mitchell Beazley }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1976|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ovui8nxgcvfp59d71fyrkg9fns20lwy Rosaria Capacchione 0 233927 1549793 1540982 2026-05-24T13:55:59Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549793 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rosaria Capacchione''' (alizaliwa 16 Februari 1960) ni mwanasiasa na mwandishi wa habari wa [[Italia]], ambaye alihudumu kama Seneta katika [[Baraza la Seneti la Italia]] kupitia Chama cha Kidemokrasia (Italia)|Chama cha Kidemokrasia kuanzia mwaka 2013 hadi 2018.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://leg17.senato.it/leg/17/BGT/Schede/Attsen/00021593.htm|title=senato.it - Scheda di attività di Rosaria CAPACCHIONE - XVII Legislatura|website=leg17.senato.it|access-date=2019-12-14|archive-date=2019-12-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206031410/http://leg17.senato.it/leg/17/BGT/Schede/Attsen/00021593.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Wasifu == Capacchione alizaliwa mjini [[Napoli]] na kukulia mkoani [[Caserta]]. Amekuwa mwandishi wa habari za uchunguzi mwenye ushawishi mkubwa, akijikita katika kupambana na ufisadi na makundi ya uhalifu ya [[Mafia ya Italia]], hususan kundi la [[Camorra]]. Kwa miaka mingi, amekuwa akifanya kazi na gazeti la ''Il Mattino''. Kutokana na kazi yake ya kufichua uovu wa kundi la Casalesi, amekuwa akiishi chini ya ulinzi wa polisi tangu mwaka 2008 baada ya kupokea vitisho vya kuuawa. Kitabu chake, ''L'oro della Camorra'' (Dhahabu ya Camorra), kilielezea kwa kina jinsi kundi hilo lilivyoingilia uchumi na siasa. Akiwa bungeni, alikuwa mjumbe wa Kamati ya Kudumu ya Kupambana na Mafia, ambapo aliendeleza juhudi zake za kisheria dhidi ya uhalifu wa kupangwa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/rosaria-capacchione/|title=Capacchione, Rosaria|publisher=Enciclopedia Treccani|language=it}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1960||Capacchione, Rosaria}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] igzg92zt34dbxtkwpkj2n3sfdr1f24r Vlad Tenev 0 233974 1550057 1540809 2026-05-24T23:47:11Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550057 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vladimir Tenev''' (Alizaliwa [[Februari 13]], [[1987]]) ni [[mjasiriamali]] nchini [[Marekani]] anayejulikana zaidi kama mwanzilishi mwenza (pamoja na [[Baiju Bhatt]]), mwenyekiti, na afisa mkuu mtendaji wa Robinhood, kampuni ya huduma za teknolojia ya kifedha ya Marekani.<ref>{{cite web |title=Vlad Tenev Net Worth: A Deep Dive into the Robinhood Co-Founder's Fortune |url=https://news.oblivious.online/trending/vlad-tenev-net-worth-a-deep-dive-into-the-robinhood-co-founders-fortune/ |website=Oblivious Online |date=2025-12-19 |access-date=2026-05-11 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Tenev ana uraia wa [[Bulgaria]] na [[Marekani]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Vlad Tenev |url=https://openlibrary.org/authors/OL12942361A/Vlad_Tenev |website=Open Library |access-date=2026-05-11}}</ref> Mnamo Desemba [[2025]], utajiri wake ulikadiriwa kuwa takriban dola za [[Marekani]] bilioni 1.0.<ref>{{cite web |title=Vlad Tenev Net Worth: A Deep Dive into the Robinhood Co-Founder's Fortune |url=https://news.oblivious.online/trending/vlad-tenev-net-worth-a-deep-dive-into-the-robinhood-co-founders-fortune/ |website=Oblivious Online |date=2025-12-19 |access-date=2026-05-11 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wajasiriamali wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1987]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ewgcjgty9i5v24dc6dh3el6m0dxif0h Vicente Miera 0 234116 1550051 1541137 2026-05-24T23:07:20Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550051 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vicente Miera Campos''' (alizaliwa [[10 Mei]], [[1940]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] na [[kocha]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[beki]]. Alicheza mechi 139 za [[La Liga]] katika kipindi cha misimu kumi na kufunga mabao mawili, hasa akiwa na Real Madrid CF. Baada ya kustaafu uchezaji, alianza kazi ya ukocha iliyodumu zaidi ya miaka 25, na pia aliwahi kuifundisha kwa muda mfupi timu ya taifa ya Hispania. ==Maisha ya uchezaji== Miera alizaliwa katika eneo la Nueva Montaña mjini Santander, [[Uhispania]], [[Cantabria]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://as.com/juegos_olimpicos/2021/08/06/reportajes/1628225130_250555.html|title="La presión era grande y o ganabas o ibas para casa"|trans-title="The pressure was great and you either won or went home"|newspaper=[[Diario AS]]|first=Enrique|last=Ortego|language=es|date=6 August 2021|access-date=19 November 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cuadernosdefutbol.com/2014/12/xi-copa-de-europa-196566-real-madrid-cf/|title=XI Copa de Europa 1965/66: Real Madrid CF|trans-title=XI 1965/66 European Cup: Real Madrid CF|publisher=Cuadernos de Fútbol|first=José|last=Del Olmo|language=es|date=1 December 2014|access-date=20 November 2025|archive-date=2026-03-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260309031539/https://www.cuadernosdefutbol.com/2014/12/xi-copa-de-europa-196566-real-madrid-cf/|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1940|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] 5vuh32brbmmi51vpd74xnki9jtyb14m Sara La Fountain 0 234183 1549853 1541287 2026-05-24T15:13:05Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549853 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sara La Fountain''' (alizaliwa kama '''Saara Kuronen''', tarehe 22 Aprili 1981)<ref name="il-1">{{cite web |url=[https://www.iltalehti.fi/julkkisarkisto/a/201003170131135](https://www.iltalehti.fi/julkkisarkisto/a/201003170131135) |title=Sara La Fountain |website=[[Iltalehti]] |language=fi |access-date=18 Juni 2022 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ni mpishi na mwandishi wa masuala ya chakula kutoka [[Ufini|Finland]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1981|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Ufini]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 6zjgpw9quzyes5fxnuvo2s95ls6xkus Vicky Lau 0 234184 1550052 1541865 2026-05-24T23:11:00Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550052 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vicky Lau''' ni mjasiriamali wa masuala ya upishi aliyezaliwa [[Hong Kong]], na ndiye mwanzilishi pamoja na mpishi mkuu wa mgahawa wa ''Tate Dining Room'', mgahawa uliotunukiwa nyota mbili za Michelin .<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2024-02-21 |title=How Michelin-starred chef Vicky Lau’s ‘edible stories’ reveal her initial career path |url=[https://www.scmp.com/native/business/banking-finance/topics/how-spend-eight/article/3252500/how-michelin-starred-chef-vicky-laus-edible-stories-provide-glimpse-her-initial-career-path](https://www.scmp.com/native/business/banking-finance/topics/how-spend-eight/article/3252500/how-michelin-starred-chef-vicky-laus-edible-stories-provide-glimpse-her-initial-career-path) |access-date=2025-01-06 |website=South China Morning Post |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa China]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 20dltzrem3x8lqnmyb7x9y4deng8w8d Shelina Permalloo 0 234207 1549897 1541836 2026-05-24T16:30:36Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549897 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shelina Permalloo''' ni mpishi wa televisheni, mmiliki wa migahawa na mwandishi wa vitabu vya mapishi ambaye anajihusisha zaidi na vyakula vya [[Morisi|Mauritius]]. Alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza mwenye rangi tofauti kushinda kipindi cha BBC cha MasterChef mwaka 2012. == Maisha ya awali == Permalloo alizaliwa na kukulia mjini Southampton, [[Uingereza]], na anajitambulisha kama Mwingereza mwenye asili ya Mauritius, ambapo wazazi wake wote walihamia kutoka Mauritius.<ref name=kteelanah>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2020-10-16 |title=Second Generation Mauritians in Britain – Master Chef Shelina Permalloo |url=[http://www.mauritiustimes.com/mt/second-generation-mauritians-in-britain-master-chef-shelina-permalloo/](http://www.mauritiustimes.com/mt/second-generation-mauritians-in-britain-master-chef-shelina-permalloo/) |access-date=3 Juni 2023 |website=Mauritius Times |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 805ob1c2jacbipq1bi5lty9qckgf51w Valeria Fedeli 0 234214 1550049 1541334 2026-05-24T22:48:22Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550049 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Valeria Fedeli''' (29 Julai 1949 – 14 Januari 2026) alikuwa mwanasiasa na mwanaharakati wa vyama vya wafanyakazi nchini [[Italia]]. Alihudumu kama Waziri wa Elimu, Vyuo Vikuu na Utafiti (Italia)|Waziri wa Elimu, Vyuo Vikuu na Utafiti katika serikali ya [[Paolo Gentiloni]] kuanzia mwaka 2016 hadi 2018.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.miur.gov.it/il-ministro-valeria-fedeli|title=Valeria Fedeli - Miur|publisher=Ministero dell'Istruzione|language=it|access-date=2024-05-22}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Wasifu == Fedeli alizaliwa mjini [[Treviglio]], mkoani [[Lombardy]]. Kabla ya kuingia kwenye siasa, alikuwa na kazi ya muda mrefu katika vyama vya wafanyakazi, akipanda ngazi hadi kuwa Katibu Mkuu wa shirikisho la wafanyakazi wa nguo na mavazi (FILTEA) na baadaye Makamu wa Rais wa Shirikisho la Vyama vya Wafanyakazi barani Ulaya. == Kazi ya kisiasa == Mnamo mwaka 2013, alichaguliwa kuwa mjumbe wa Baraza la Seneti la Italia kupitia [[Chama cha Kidemokrasia (Italia)|Chama cha Kidemokrasia]] (PD) na kuteuliwa kuwa Makamu wa Rais wa Seneti. Mnamo Desemba 2016, aliteuliwa na Paolo Gentiloni kuwa Waziri wa Elimu. Kipindi chake kama waziri kilikumbwa na mjadala mkubwa nchini Italia kuhusu sifa zake za kitaaluma, ambapo alikiri kuwa hakuwa na shahada ya chuo kikuu bali alikuwa na diploma ya stashahada katika masuala ya kijamii.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.corriere.it/politica/16_dicembre_14/valeria-fedeli-non-laureata-perche-ministro-istruzione-polemica-cv-bf26f1c2-c1f0-11e6-9964-672589255859.shtml|title=Valeria Fedeli e la laurea: il caso del diploma|work=Corriere della Sera|date=14 December 2016|language=it}}</ref> Aliendelea kufanya kazi bungeni hadi mwaka 2022. Fedeli alijulikana sana kwa kutetea haki za wanawake na kupigania usawa wa kijinsia katika maeneo ya kazi na shuleni.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://storia.camera.it/deputato/valeria-fedeli-19490729|title=Valeria Fedeli - Portale Storico|publisher=Camera dei Deputati|language=it}}</ref> Alifariki dunia mnamo tarehe 14 Januari 2026. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1949|2026|Fedeli, Valeria}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Italia] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2026]] f8kqt38m418t2idtovvu43lf8a378mq Vittoria Ferdinandi 0 234215 1550055 1541336 2026-05-24T23:44:34Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550055 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vittoria Ferdinandi''' [[Order of Merit of the Italian Republic|OMRI]] (alizaliwa 4 Septemba 1986) ni mwanasiasa na mjasiriamali wa [[Italia]] ambaye alifanya kazi kama [[Meya wa Perugia]] tangu mwaka 2024. Yeye ni mwanamke wa kwanza kushika nafasi hiyo katika historia ya jiji hilo.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.comune.perugia.it/pagine/il-sindaco|title=Il Sindaco Vittoria Ferdinandi|publisher=Comune di Perugia|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Wasifu == Ferdinandi alizaliwa mjini [[Perugia]]. Alihitimu shahada ya falsafa na baadaye shahada ya uzamili katika saikolojia ya kliniki. Kabla ya kuingia kwenye siasa, alijipatia umaarufu kama mjasiriamali wa kijamii. Alianzisha mradi wa ''Numero Zero'', mkahawa unaofanya kazi na watu wenye matatizo ya afya ya akili ili kuwasaidia kujumuika katika jamii na kupata ajira. Kutokana na mchango wake mkubwa katika masuala ya kijamii, mnamo mwaka 2021, Rais [[Sergio Mattarella]] alimtunuku nishani ya ''Knight of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic'' (Cavaliere OMRI).<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.quirinale.it/onorificenze/insigniti/366579|title=Ferdinandi Sig.ra Vittoria - Cavaliere Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana|publisher=Presidenza della Repubblica|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Kazi ya kisiasa == Mnamo mwaka 2024, aligombea nafasi ya meya wa Perugia kama mgombea huru anayeongoza muungano mpana wa mrengo wa kushoto na kati (campo largo), ukiwemo [[Chama cha Kidemokrasia (Italia)|Chama cha Kidemokrasia]] na [[Five Star Movement]]. Katika uchaguzi wa manispaa wa mwezi Juni 2024, alishinda katika duru ya pili (runoff) kwa kupata takriban 52% ya kura, akimshinda mgombea wa mrengo wa kulia. Ushindi wake ulichukuliwa kama tukio la kihistoria kwa jiji la Perugia ambalo halijawahi kuwa na meya mwanamke tangu kuanzishwa kwake.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.repubblica.it/politica/2024/06/24/news/vittoria_ferdinandi_sindaca_perugia-423285941/|title=Vittoria Ferdinandi è la nuova sindaca di Perugia: la prima donna nella storia della città|work=La Repubblica|date=24 June 2024|language=it}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1986||Ferdinandi, Vittoria}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] hg5lppakimqqm453vq16vlrl88b6uuv Vannia Gava 0 234311 1550050 1541862 2026-05-24T22:55:17Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550050 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vannia Gava''' (alizaliwa 30 Juni 1974) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Italia]] wa chama cha [[Lega Nord|Lega]]. Alifanya kazi kama mjumbe wa Baraza la Wawakilishi la Italia na ni Naibu Waziri (Deputy Minister) katika Wizara ya Mazingira na Usalama wa Nishati (Italia)|Wizara ya Mazingira na Usalama wa Nishati.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=XVIII Legislatura - Deputati e Organi - Scheda deputato - GAVA Vannia |url=https://www.camera.it/leg18/29?shadow_deputato=307138&idLegislatura=18 |access-date=2022-04-26 |website=www.camera.it |language=it}}</ref> == Wasifu == Gava alizaliwa mjini [[Sacile]], katika mkoa wa [[Friuli-Venezia Giulia]]. Alianza safari yake ya kisiasa katika ngazi ya manispaa mjini Sacile, ambapo alihudumu kama diwani na baadaye kama mkuu wa idara ya mazingira na mipango miji. == Kazi ya kisiasa == Gava amekuwa mmoja wa wataalamu wakuu wa chama cha Lega katika masuala ya mazingira na nishati: * **Bunge la Italia:** Alichaguliwa kwa mara ya kwanza kuwa mbunge katika Uchaguzi mkuu wa Italia wa 2018 na kuchaguliwa tena mwaka 2022. * **Serikali ya Conte I:** Alifanya kazi kama Naibu Waziri (Undersecretary) wa Mazingira kuanzia mwaka 2018 hadi 2019. * **Serikali ya Draghi:** Aliteuliwa tena kuwa Naibu Waziri katika Wizara ya Mpito wa Ikolojia mnamo Februari 2021.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mite.gov.it/pagina/vannia-gava|title=Sottosegretario Vannia Gava|publisher=Ministero dell'Ambiente e della Sicurezza Energetica|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * **Serikali ya Meloni:** Tangu Novemba 2022, amepandishwa cheo na kuwa **Naibu Waziri kamili** (Vice Ministro) katika Wizara ya Mazingira na Usalama wa Nishati chini ya serikali ya [[Giorgia Meloni]]. Anajulikana kwa kusimamia sera zinazohusu usimamizi wa taka, uchumi wa mzunguko, na kuhimiza matumizi ya nishati ya nyuklia kama njia ya kupunguza uzalishaji wa kaboni nchini Italia. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1974||Gava, Vannia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] b3wfwyufvi94yex8nyumc07jf7cj6kw Satyagraha Hoerip 0 234631 1549857 1542273 2026-05-24T15:17:06Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549857 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hoerip Satyagraha Prawirodihardjo''' (7 Aprili 1934 – 14 Oktoba 1998), anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Oyik''', alikuwa mwandishi na mwandishi wa habari kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Alijulikana zaidi kwa hadithi zake fupi, baadhi zikiwa na mada ya mauaji ya umati ya Indonesia ya 1965–1966. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Hoerip alizaliwa katika Lamongan Regency tarehe 7 Aprili 1934, akiwa mtoto wa kwanza kati ya watoto wanne. Wazazi wake walitoka katika tabaka la kifalme la Kijava na walikuwa watumishi wa serikali ya kikoloni, huku mama yake akiwa binamu wa rais wa baadaye [[Sukarno]]. Kwa muda alisoma katika shule ya msingi ya Kiholanzi (Europeesche Lagere School), kabla ya kukamilisha elimu ya sekondari ya kati na ya juu katika maeneo mbalimbali ya East Java katika Indonesia huru. Akiwa shule ya sekondari ya juu, alisoma chini ya mwandishi wa riwaya Iwan Simatupang.<ref name="ensi"/> He for a time studied at a Dutch Europeesche Lagere School, before completing his middle and high school education across East Java in independent Indonesia. While in high school, he studied under novelist Iwan Simatupang.<ref name="ensi">{{cite web |title=Satyagraha Hoerip (1934—1998) |url=http://ensiklopedia.kemdikbud.go.id/sastra/artikel/Satyagraha_Hoerip |publisher=[[Ministry of Education and Culture (Indonesia)|Ministry of Education and Culture]] |access-date=18 April 2022 |language=id |archive-date=2025-04-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250419142638/https://ensiklopedia.kemdikbud.go.id/sastra/artikel/Satyagraha_Hoerip |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] gmqhzbjzy8utbfrz52r261gsr1eo3jo Ziva Magnolya 0 234670 1550100 1542769 2026-05-25T02:49:35Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550100 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ziva Magnolya Muskitta''' (alizaliwa 14 Machi 2001) ni mwimbaji kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Anajulikana zaidi kwa kushika nafasi ya tatu katika msimu wa kumi wa kipindi cha ''Indonesian Idol'', kilichorushwa na kituo cha televisheni cha kitaifa cha RCTI mwaka 2019 hadi 2020.<ref name="IDOL">{{cite web|url=[https://palembang.tribunnews.com/2020/02/11/hasil-indonesian-idol-top-4-nuca-tereliminasi-3-besar-ziva-lyodra-dan-tiara-juri-prediksi-juara-1|title=Hasil](https://palembang.tribunnews.com/2020/02/11/hasil-indonesian-idol-top-4-nuca-tereliminasi-3-besar-ziva-lyodra-dan-tiara-juri-prediksi-juara-1|title=Hasil) Indonesian Idol Top 4, Nuca Tereliminasi, 3 Besar: Ziva, Lyodra dan Tiara, Juri Prediksi Juara 1|website=[www.palembang.tribunnews.com|access-date=11](http://www.palembang.tribunnews.com|access-date=11) February 2020}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|access-date=23 July 2020|date=18 February 2020|title=Ziva Harus Pulang, Lyodra dan Tiara Menangis Lolos Grand Final Indonesian Idol|url=[https://www.kompas.com/hype/read/2020/02/18/061743966/ziva-harus-pulang-lyodra-dan-tiara-menangis-lolos-grand-final-indonesian|website=Kompas](https://www.kompas.com/hype/read/2020/02/18/061743966/ziva-harus-pulang-lyodra-dan-tiara-menangis-lolos-grand-final-indonesian|website=Kompas) Indonesia|last1=Media|first1=Kompas Cyber}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|2001|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] 6vnfvh1qkc6e8a9wws3dnoucco8j0zy Violeta Alexandre 0 234686 1550054 1542754 2026-05-24T23:34:37Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550054 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Violeta Alexandru''' (alizaliwa 11 Novemba 1975) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Alifanya kazi kama **Waziri wa Kazi na Hifadhi ya Jamii** katika serikali ya kwanza na ya pili ya Waziri Mkuu [[Ludovic Orban]] kati ya mwaka 2019 na 2020.<ref name="who_are_the_ministers_romania_insider_2019">{{Rejea tovuti|date=4 November 2019|title=Who are the 16 ministers in Romanian PM Ludovic Orban's team?|url=https://www.romania-insider.com/romania-new-ministers-orban-government|website=Romania Insider}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=9&leg=2020 Wasifu rasmi katika Bunge la Romania]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1975||Alexandru, Violeta}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ckc5t82oagr9gztqgm9fyn0w6pu2k6f Roberta Anastase 0 234687 1549784 1542408 2026-05-24T13:40:07Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549784 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Roberta Alma Anastase''' (alizaliwa 27 Machi 1976 mjini [[Ploiești]], [[Romania]]) ni mwanasiasa wa Romania na mwanamke wa kwanza katika historia ya nchi hiyo alifanya kazi kama **Rais wa Baraza la Manaibu** (Chamber of Deputies) kati ya tarehe 19 Desemba 2008 na 3 Julai 2012. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=10&cam=2&leg=2008 Wasifu Rasmi wa Roberta Anastase] {{Wayback|url=http://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=10&cam=2&leg=2008 |date=20240620111505 }} katika tovuti ya Bunge la Romania. * [https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/33971/ROBERTA+ALMA_ANASTASE/history/6 Kumbukumbu za Bunge la Ulaya]. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1976||Anastase, Roberta}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ccxaqzwhfgxiaruubdv3zmixzram01k Sulfina Barbu 0 234693 1549952 1542415 2026-05-24T18:33:00Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549952 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sulfina Barbu''' (alizaliwa 9 Machi 1967) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanachama wa zamani wa Baraza la Manaibu (Chamber of Deputies). Alijipatia umaarufu kama mmoja wa wataalamu wa masuala ya mazingira ndani ya siasa za Romania, akifanya kazi katika nyadhifa za juu za uwaziri. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=32&leg=2008 Wasifu rasmi bungeni]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1967||Barbu, Sulfina}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] fcfbxmb8bg5gkptuq863atquanojhxj Simona Bucura-Oprescu 0 234698 1549923 1542423 2026-05-24T17:19:30Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549923 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Simona Bucura-Oprescu''' (alizaliwa 2 Aprili 1980) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] kutoka [[Social Democratic Party (Romania)|Chama cha Social Democratic]] (PSD). Tangu mwezi Julai 2023, anahudumu kama **Waziri wa Kazi na Hifadhi ya Jamii** katika serikali ya Waziri Mkuu Marcel Ciolacu. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=32&leg=2012 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Romania]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * [https://www.mmuncii.ro/j33/index.php/ro/ Wizara ya Kazi na Hifadhi ya Jamii (Romania)] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1980||Bucura-Oprescu, Simona}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] osq44a7bku3sij5uf5jig8q8bbbpal2 Silvia Ciornei 0 234722 1549919 1542459 2026-05-24T17:14:09Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549919 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Silvia Ciornei''' (alizaliwa 27 Agosti 1970 mjini [[Ploiești]]) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] ambaye alifanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Bunge la [[Ulaya]] (MEP). Ni mwanachama wa [[Conservative Party (Romania)|Chama cha Conservative]] (PC) na alikuwa sehemu ya kundi la [[Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe]] bungeni Brussels. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/33974/SILVIA_CIORNEI/history/6 Wasifu katika Bunge la Ulaya] * [http://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=32&cam=2&leg=2004 Wasifu katika tovuti ya Bunge la Romania] {{Wayback|url=http://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=32&cam=2&leg=2004 |date=20240620163731 }} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1970||Ciornei, Silvia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ic8klnsp4et7n4qyhk2uttcdkdf300g Raisa Enachi 0 234729 1549729 1542469 2026-05-24T12:26:40Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549729 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Raisa Enachi''' (alizaliwa 10 Machi 1982) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] kupitia chama cha Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR). Tangu mwaka 2020, amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu.<ref name="Vaslui">{{cite web|url=https://vasluiazi.ro/2024/09/02/raisa-enachi-cere-responsabilitate-din-partea-parlamentarilor-in-ultima-sesiune-parlamentara-din-acest-mandat/|title=Raisa Enachi cere responsabilitate din partea parlamentarilor|work=Vaslui azi|date=2 Septemba 2024|language=ro}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=94&leg=2020 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Romania]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1982||Enachi, Raisa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] k4dsctvcw74s5q17ko3hucvue9158wq Ramona Lovin 0 234758 1549738 1542505 2026-05-24T12:33:44Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549738 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ramona Lovin''' (alizaliwa 1 Februari 1980) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanachama wa chama cha Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR). Tangu mwaka 2024, amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=440&leg=2024 Wasifu rasmi bungeni]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1980||Lovin, Ramona}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 6kl66c0dfk8n3w0twydqjp6ue59sxbp Simona-Alice Man 0 234763 1549922 1542510 2026-05-24T17:19:25Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549922 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ramona Lovin''' (alizaliwa 1 Februari 1980) ni mwanasiasa wa Romania]] na mwanachama wa chama cha Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR). Tangu mwaka 2024, amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=440&leg=2024 Wasifu rasmi bungeni]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1980||Lovin, Ramona}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] iog7rujy8nx96wc70sl9jpf28ektuqn Ramona-Ioana Bruynseels 0 234806 1549737 1542558 2026-05-24T12:33:43Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549737 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ramona-Ioana Bruynseels''' (alizaliwa 14 Februari 1980) ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] ambaye alifanya kazi kama mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu tangu mwaka 2024. Alijulikana sana kitaifa mnamo mwaka 2019 alipogombea nafasi ya Rais wa Romania. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=320&leg=2024 Wasifu rasmi bungeni]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1980||Bruynseels, Ramona-Ioana}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 4lu40srlyaob6g64rhd12fd5dt225sk Adriana Săftoiu 0 234808 1550122 1542560 2026-05-25T04:24:40Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550122 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ana Adriana Săftoiu''' (alizaliwa 11 Septemba 1967) ni mwandishi wa habari na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Akiwa mwanachama wa National Liberal Party (Romania) Chama cha Kitaifa cha Kiliberali (PNL), alihudumu kama mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania) Baraza la Manaibu kwa vipindi kadhaa, akiziwakilisha [[Bucharest]] na mkoa wa [[Prahova County|Prahova]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=258&cam=2&leg=2008 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] {{Wayback|url=https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=258&cam=2&leg=2008 |date=20240620163611 }} katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1967||Saftoiu, Ana Adriana}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 9haxrpaiczdtu0sly3s0sas6h16zin6 Sevil Shhaideh 0 234819 1549885 1542572 2026-05-24T15:52:35Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549885 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sevil Shhaideh''' (alizaliwa 4 Desemba 1964) ni mwanauchumi, mtumishi wa umma, na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Alipata umaarufu mkubwa kitaifa na kimataifa mnamo Desemba 2016 alipopendekezwa na chama cha Social Democratic Party (Romania) Social Democrats (PSD) kuwa Waziri Mkuu wa Romania, uteuzi ambao ungekuwa wa kihistoria. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-38444027 "Romania's President Iohannis rejects Muslim woman Sevil Shhaideh as PM"]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} - Ripoti ya BBC News. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1964||Shhaideh, Sevil}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] acifzoqa4vbjjxrqc3ffjtda3o715ul Raluca Turcan 0 234862 1549730 1542711 2026-05-24T12:27:09Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549730 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Raluca Turcan''' (alizaliwa 2 Aprili 1976) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanachama mwandamizi wa [[National Liberal Party (Romania)|Chama cha Kitaifa cha Kiliberali]] (PNL). Amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu akiwakilisha mkoa wa [[Sibiu County|Sibiu]] mfululizo tangu mwaka 2004. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=300&cam=2&leg=2020 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] {{Wayback|url=http://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=300&cam=2&leg=2020 |date=20210304095047 }} katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1976||Turcan, Raluca}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] mryb26uv2ira6ejf2h8hjzqzyl8xtjm Walter Alsford 0 234921 1550058 1542892 2026-05-25T00:21:24Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550058 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Walter John Alsford''' (6 Novemba 1911 – 3 Juni 1968) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] aliyekuwa akicheza katika soka. Alichezea klabu za Tottenham Hotspur na Nottingham Forest, pamoja na kuichezea timu ya taifa ya England (England).<ref>{{cite book |title= Football League Players' Records|last=Joyce |first= Michael |year=2004 |publisher=soccerdata |isbn=1-899468-63-3|page=9}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=[https://www.englandstats.com/player.php?pid=609](https://www.englandstats.com/player.php?pid=609) |title=Walter Alsford |website=EnglandStats |access-date=2026-04-15 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1911|1968}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] qwb4ht09oiyol6wi4hl5y2pdrlbxn1q Simon Ifede Ogouma 0 234924 1549921 1543204 2026-05-24T17:18:22Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549921 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Simon Ifede Ogouma''' (c. 1933 – 29 Januari 2023) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Benin]]. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Benin kuanzia mwaka 1980 hadi 1982.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Décès de l'ex-ministre Simon Ifèdé Ogouma – 24 HEURES AU BENIN|url=http://www.24haubenin.info/?Deces-de-l-ex-ministre-Simon-Ifede-Ogouma|work=www.24haubenin.info|date=2024-06-22|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=fr|author=Akpédjé Ayosso|archive-date=2024-06-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240622123139/http://www.24haubenin.info/?Deces-de-l-ex-ministre-Simon-Ifede-Ogouma|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1930]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2023]] 2kcg1a5gglny03uc342l3ak72dynxra Samir Abdellaoui 0 234966 1549835 1542956 2026-05-24T14:51:56Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549835 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Samir Abdellaoui''' ni gavana wa Bizerte Governorate, eneo la kaskazini kabisa mwa [[Tunisia]]. Aliteuliwa na Rais wa Tunisia Kais Saied kufuatia kuondolewa madarakani kwa mtangulizi wake Mohamed Gouider kupitia amri ya rais namba 102/2021 ya tarehe 12 Agosti 2021.<ref>{{Citation|title=Samir Abdellaoui nommé nouveau gouverneur de Bizerte {{!}} La Presse de Tunisie|date=2021-08-12|url=https://lapresse.tn/106012/samir-abdellaoui-nomme-nouveau-gouverneur-de-bizerte/|work=La Presse de Tunisie|language=fr-FR|access-date=2026-05-14|archive-date=2021-08-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210816130654/https://lapresse.tn/106012/samir-abdellaoui-nomme-nouveau-gouverneur-de-bizerte/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1980]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] bteytm8i9vcrocckao4yq3a2e1f4ma1 Ron Baynham 0 235321 1549790 1543692 2026-05-24T13:52:35Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549790 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ronald Leslie Baynham''' (10 Juni 1929 – 18 Machi 2024) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa kulipwa kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) aliyekuwa akicheza kama golikipa, na alitumia sehemu kubwa ya maisha yake ya soka akiwa na Luton Town. Aliichezea timu ya taifa ya England (England) mara tatu. == Maisha ya awali == Baynham alizaliwa Erdington, katika eneo la Birmingham, tarehe 10 Juni 1929.<ref name="lutontown">{{Rejea tovuti |first=Roger |last=Wash |date=18 Machi 2024 |title=Rest in Peace Ron Baynham |url=[https://www.lutontown.co.uk/news/2024/march/rest-in-peace-ron-baynham/](https://www.lutontown.co.uk/news/2024/march/rest-in-peace-ron-baynham/) |access-date=18 Machi 2024 |website=Luton Town FC }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1929|2024}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] jhcp0l9rvyspbjzzv44zwl40brml46j Sofia Manzano 0 235513 1549931 1544013 2026-05-24T17:49:53Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549931 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sofia Padua Manzano''' (alizaliwa 19 Mei 1971) ni mwanauchumi, mhadhiri wa chuo kikuu, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Anajulikana sana kama mmoja wa viongozi wakuu wa Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Brazil (PCB), ambapo alikuwa mgombea kiti cha [[Rais wa Brazil]] katika uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 2014 (kama makamu) na mwaka 2022 (kama mgombea urais mkuu).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2022-02-17 |title=Pré-candidata à Presidência pelo PCB diz querer o fim da Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal |url=https://www.cartacapital.com.br/politica/pre-candidata-a-presidencia-pelo-pcb-diz-querer-o-fim-da-lei-de-responsabilidade-fiscal/ |website=CartaCapital |language=pt-BR}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://pcb.org.br/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Brazil (PCB)] {{Wayback|url=https://pcb.org.br/ |date=20260430061124 }} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1971||Manzano, Sofia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] r7w5e38nkas9fofu2hcncdzo4qbk5z3 Warren Bradley (mwanasoka) 0 235534 1550059 1544174 2026-05-25T00:39:03Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550059 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Warren Bradley''' (20 Juni 1933 – 6 Juni 2007) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye alichezea Manchester United na timu ya taifa ya Uingereza. Bradley alizaliwa Hyde, Cheshire, na alisoma katika Hyde Grammar School, ambapo pia alichezea timu za vijana na akiba za Bolton Wanderers kwa kipindi cha miaka minane.{{citation needed|date=Machi 2015}} Baadaye alijiunga na Hatfield College katika Chuo Kikuu cha Durham.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sport |url=[http://www.hatfieldjcr.co.uk/uk/page/view/sports](http://www.hatfieldjcr.co.uk/uk/page/view/sports) |website=hatfieldjcr.co.uk |publisher=Hatfield College |accessdate=30 Machi 2015 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1933|2007}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Uingereza]] me4ytrff3lqna68hkt879brsoz7ki6x Alliny Serrão 0 235672 1550160 1544273 2026-05-25T06:14:30Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550160 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alliny Sousa da Rocha Serrão''', anajulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Alliny Serrão''' (alizaliwa 11 Februari 1985), ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[União Brasil]]. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo la [[Amapá]] tangu mwaka 2019, na aliweka historia mnamo mwaka 2023 kwa kuchaguliwa kuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kuwa Rais wa Bunge la Jimbo la Amapá ALAP.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jornaldosmunicipiosap.com.br/noticia/deputada-alliny-serrao-presidente-da-alap-se-destaca-no-cenario-politico-do-amapa|title=Deputada Alliny Serrão, presidente da ALAP, se destaca no cenário político do Amapá|work=Jornal Dos Municípios|date=7 Januari 2025|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.al.ap.leg.br/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Bunge la Jimbo la Amapá (ALAP)] {{Wayback|url=https://www.al.ap.leg.br/ |date=20260120221533 }} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1985||Serrao, Alliny}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 4qh8yh4eypqwnrao3d3uypn25ps1uth Sadio Lamine Sow 0 235803 1549812 1544578 2026-05-24T14:22:33Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549812 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sadio Lamine Sow''' (amezaliwa 9 Agosti 1952 huko Kayes) aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje na Ushirikiano wa Kimataifa wa [[Mali]] kuanzia tarehe 24 Aprili hadi 20 Agosti mwaka 2012.<ref>{{Citation|last=Agencies|first=NAU -|title=Solution for Mali lies within territorial integrity|url=http://www.lemag.ma/english/Mali-the-solution-has-to-be-found-within-the-territorial-integrity-of-that-country_a1830.html|work=Lemag : The Maghreb Daily|language=us|access-date=2026-05-16|archive-date=2015-07-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150721150431/http://www.lemag.ma/english/Mali-the-solution-has-to-be-found-within-the-territorial-integrity-of-that-country_a1830.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] rtuzoo6d252esh3u9k3a2ltmidfcnwz Warren G 0 236119 1550060 1545311 2026-05-25T00:40:51Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550060 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Warren G | picha = Warren G and Kurupt (cropped).jpg | maelezo = Warren G mnamo mwaka 2015 | background = solo_singer | jina la kuzaliwa = Warren Griffin III | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|1970|11|10}} | chimbuko = [[Long Beach, California]], Marekani | aina ya muziki = [[West Coast hip-hop]]<br>[[G-funk]] | kazi yake = Rapa<br>mwandishi wa nyimbo<br>mtayarishaji wa rekodi<br>DJ<br>muigizaji | miaka ya kazi = 1990–sasa | studio = [[G-Funk Entertainment|G-Funk]]<br>[[Violator (kampuni)|Violator]]<br>[[Rush Associated Labels|RAL]]<br>[[Def Jam Recordings|Def Jam]] | ameshirikiana na = [[213 (kundi)|213]]<br>[[Nate Dogg]]<br>[[Snoop Dogg]]<br>[[Dr. Dre]] | wavuti = {{URL|https://warreng.com}} }} '''Warren Griffin III''' (alizaliwa Novemba 10, 1970)<ref name=":15" /> ni rapa, mtayarishaji wa rekodi, na DJ kutoka nchini Marekani. Anajulikana sana kwa mchango wake katika kutangaza na kueneza muziki wa [[West Coast hip hop]] mnamo miaka ya 1990, na anatambulika kama mmoja wa waanzilishi wa mtindo mdogo wa rap unaojulikana kama [[G-funk]].<ref name=":7">Steve Huey, [https://www.allmusic.com/artist/warren-g-mn0000815167/biography "Warren G: Biography"], ''AllMusic.com'', Netaktion LLC, visited May 8, 2020.</ref> Griffin alipata mafanikio makubwa kibiashara mnamo mwaka 1994 kupitia wimbo wake wa "[[Regulate (wimbo)|Regulate]]" (akimshirikisha [[Nate Dogg]]), ambao ulishika nafasi ya pili kwenye chati za [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]]. Albamu yake ya kwanza, ''[[Regulate... G Funk Era]]'' (1994), ilianza katika nafasi ya pili kwenye chati ya Marekani ya [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]], ikiuza nakala 176,000 katika wiki yake ya kwanza. Tangu wakati huo, imetunukiwa cheti cha Platinamu mara tatu na chama cha [[Recording Industry Association of America]] (RIAA), ikimaanisha imeuza nakala milioni tatu. Wimbo wa "Regulate" ulikaa kwa wiki 18 kwenye orodha ya nyimbo 40 bora za ''Billboard'' Hot 100, huku ukishika nafasi ya pili kwa wiki tatu, wakati wimbo uliofuata wa "[[This D.J.]]" ulishika nafasi ya tisa. Kwenye usiku wa utoaji wa Tuzo za 37 za Kila Mwaka za Grammy, nyimbo zote mbili zilipata uteuzi wa Utendaji Bora wa Rap wa Kundi au Wawili na Utendaji Bora wa Solo wa Rap. Nyimbo tatu kutoka kwenye albamu yake ya pili, ''[[Take a Look Over Your Shoulder]]'' (1997), ziliingia kwenye 40 bora, kama ilivyokuwa kwa wimbo wake wa ushirikiano wa mwaka 1998 na Nate Dogg uitwao "[[Nobody Does It Better (wimbo wa Nate Dogg)|Nobody Does It Better]]". Albamu hiyo pamoja na ile iliyofuata ya ''[[I Want It All (albamu)|I Want It All]]'' (1999), zote zilipata mauzo ya Dhahabu kutoka RIAA. Albamu yake ya nne, ''[[The Return of the Regulator]]'' (2001), haikupata mafanikio makubwa sana. Akishirikiana na washikaji zake wa zamani Snoop Dogg na Nate Dogg, walilounda kundi la hip-hop la watatu liitwalo [[213 (kundi)|213]], lililopewa jina kufuatia msimbo wa eneo la [[Long Beach, California]]; walitoa albamu ya ''[[The Hard Way (albamu ya 213)|The Hard Way]]'' (2004) ambayo ilipata mafanikio ya wastani. Albamu zake mbili zilizofuata, ''[[In the Mid-Nite Hour]]'' (2005) na ''[[The G Files]]'' (2009), zilitolewa kijitegemea na alizitayarisha yeye mwenyewe. Anasifika pia kwa kuwa mtu aliyemgundua [[Snoop Dogg]], baada ya kumtambulisha rapa huyo kwa mtayarishaji wa rekodi [[Dr. Dre]]. Mnamo mwaka 2015, alitoa albamu fupi (EP) ya ''[[Regulate... G Funk Era, Part II]]'', iliyojumuisha sauti za kumbukumbu za Nate Dogg, aliyefariki dunia mnamo mwaka 2011. == Maisha ya awali == Warren Griffin III alizaliwa mnamo Novemba 10, 1970, na alikulia huko Long Beach, California.<ref name=":15" /> Ana dada watatu huku akiwa mtoto pekee wa kiume wa Warren Griffin Jr., ambaye alikuwa fundi wa ndege, na Ola, ambaye alikuwa mtaalamu wa lishe.<ref name=":15">Brenna Sanchez, [https://www.encyclopedia.com/education/news-wires-white-papers-and-books/warren-g "Contemporary Musicians: Warren G"], ''[[Encyclopedia.com]]'', [[Cengage]], updated April 12, 2020.</ref> Wazazi wake walitengana wakati Griffin akiwa na umri wa miaka minne, na akaishi na mama yake pamoja na dada zake watatu huko [[East Long Beach]].<ref name=":15" /> Mnamo mwaka 1982, Griffin alihamia kuishi na baba yake huko [[North Long Beach, Long Beach, California|North Long Beach]].<ref name=":15" /> Mama yake wa kambo, Verna, alikuwa na watoto watatu kutoka kwenye ndoa yake ya nyuma,<ref name=":15" /> na mmoja wao alikuwa Andre Young ([[Dr. Dre]]), ambaye katikati ya miaka ya 1980 alikuwa mwnachama wa kundi la muziki wa electro-rap la [[World Class Wreckin' Cru]], ambalo mnamo mwaka 1987 lilitoa rekodi ya kwanza ya rap ya eneo la Los Angeles chini ya lebo kubwa ya muziki.<ref>David Diallo, ch 10 [https://books.google.com/books?id=XkCncJ7j744C&q=Cru "From electro-rap to G-funk: A social history of rap music in Los Angeles and Compton, California"], in Mickey Hess, ed., ''Hip Hop in America: A Regional Guide'', Volume 1: ''East Coast and West Coast'' (Westport, CT: [[Greenwood Press]], 2010).</ref><ref name=":29">David Diallo, "Dr. Dre and Snoop Dogg", in Mickey Hess, ed., ''Icons of Hip Hop: An Encyclopedia of the Movement, Music, and Culture'' (Santa Barbara, CA: Greenwood Press, 2007), pp 319–[https://books.google.com/books?id=LldOLnIQ66cC&dq=Eazy&pg=PA321 322].</ref> Griffin alisoma katika Shule ya Sekondari ya Jordan na alicheza mchezo wa soka la Kimarekani.<ref name=":15" /><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Jordan High School Class of 1997 |url=https://jordanhighschool.org/los_angeles-ca/class-of-1997.html |access-date=2024-12-15 |website=jordanhighschool.org |archive-date=2024-12-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241215203915/https://jordanhighschool.org/los_angeles-ca/class-of-1997.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Mnamo mwaka 1988, Griffin alifungwa jela akiwa na umri wa miaka 17 kwa kosa la kumiliki silaha.<ref name=":15" /> Akiwa gerezani, alichagua jina la utani la Warren G.<ref name=":15" /> Kufikia kipindi hiki, Dr. Dre alikuwa tayari ameshaanza kupata mafanikio makubwa kama mwandishi na [[mtayarishaji wa rekodi]] wa lebo ya [[Ruthless Records]], na pia akiwa mwanachama wa kundi la [[N.W.A]] akishirikiana na mwanzilishi wa Ruthless Records [[Eazy-E]] pamoja na [[Ice Cube]]. Albamu ya kihistoria ya N.W.A, ''[[Straight Outta Compton]]'' (1989), ilikuwa ikisababisha mapinduzi makubwa kwenye tasnia ya rap ya Los Angeles kwa kuachana na mtindo wa electro na kuingia rasmi kwenye gangsta rap.<ref name=":29" /> Baada ya kuachiliwa kwake, Griffin alifanya kazi katika jumba la uundaji wa meli wa Long Beach<ref name=":15" /><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Warren G |url=https://www.hiphopscriptures.com/warren-g |access-date=2024-12-15 |website=Hip Hop Scriptures |language=en-US}}</ref> na kuanza kujikita zaidi kwenye muziki baada ya Dr. Dre kumfundisha jinsi ya kutumia mashine ya midundo ([[drum machine]]).<ref name=":15" /> Kufikia mwaka 1990, Warren G alikuwa ameshaunda kundi la watatu la [[213 (kundi)|213]]<ref name=":13">Mosi Reeves, [https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/warren-g-and-nate-doggs-regulate-the-oral-history-of-a-hip-hop-classic-170034 "Warren G and Nate Dogg's 'Regulate': The oral history of a hip-hop classic"], ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' website, Penske Media LLC, December 19, 2014.</ref> akishirikiana na washikaji zake wawili wa muda mrefu, [[Nate Dogg]] na [[Snoop Dogg]]. Kundi la 213 lilikuwa mchangiaji mkubwa wa mtindo wa [[G-funk]] ambao ulikuwa unakaribia kuibuka kwenye muziki wa rap.<ref name=":6">Jeff Weiss anaeleza, "Kama vile ''[[The Chronic]]'' ilivyo mabadiliko ya kisaikolojia na ya kichawi kutoka kwenye rekodi za [[Parliament (bendi)|Parliament]] na [[Funkadelic]] zilizokuwa zikizunguka kila mara kwenye mtambo wa Dre tangu utotoni, pia ni sauti ya Long Beach: nyimbo za kikanisa za Baptist zilizobadilishwa kuwa harmonic gospel chafu na Snoop, Nate Dogg, Warren G na Daz."</ref> Kundi hilo lilivunjika baada ya Warren G kuwakutanisha na Dr. Dre. Katika hatua hiyo, kazi za peke zao za Dr. Dre na Snoop Dogg zilizinduliwa rasmi kupitia misingi ya G-funk.<ref name=":4">Ben Westhoff, "[https://www.laweekly.com/the-making-of-the-chronic The making of ''The Chronic''"], ''[[LA Weekly]]'', November 19, 2012.</ref> Nate Dogg naye alisajiliwa kwenye lebo ya Dr. Dre ya [[Death Row Records]].<ref name=":4" /> Warren G mwanzoni alisaidia kazi hapo; hata hivyo, kwa kutofikiria kufanya kazi chini ya kivuli cha kaka yake wa kambo na mshauri wake, aliamua kusaini mkataba na lebo ya [[Def Jam Recordings]] iliyopo jijini [[New York City]].<ref name=":15" /><ref name=":23" /> == Diskografia == {{Kuu|Diskografia ya Warren G|Diskografia ya utayarishaji wa Warren G|l2 = diskografia ya utayarishaji}} {{Angalia pia|Diskografia ya 213}} '''Albamu za studio''' * ''[[Regulate... G Funk Era]]'' (1994) * ''[[Take a Look Over Your Shoulder]]'' (1997) * ''[[I Want It All (albamu)|I Want It All]]'' (1999) * ''[[The Return of the Regulator]]'' (2001) * ''[[In the Mid-Nite Hour]]'' (2005) * ''[[The G Files]]'' (2009) '''Albamu za ushirikiano''' * ''[[The Hard Way (albamu ya 213)|The Hard Way]]'' (akishirikiana na [[213 (kundi)|213]]) (2004) == Filmografia == * ''[[The Show (filamu ya 1995)|The Show]]'' (1995) * ''[[Speedway Junky]]'' (1999) * ''[[Little Richard (filamu)|Little Richard]]'' (2000) * ''[[The Parkers]]'' (2000) * ''[[Old School (filamu ya 2003)|Old School]]'' (2003) * ''[[All of Us]]'' (2005) * ''[[BTS]] American Hustle Life'' (2014) * ''[[The Eric Andre Show]]'' (2016), sehemu 1 == Michezo ya video == * ''[[Rap Jam: Volume One]]'' (1995) * ''[[Def Jam: Fight for NY]]'' (2004) * ''[[Def Jam Fight for NY: The Takeover]]'' (2006) == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * {{Official website|http://warreng.com/|Tovuti Rasmi}} * {{IMDb name|id=0004943 |name=Warren G}} {{Warren G}} {{213}} {{Tha Dogg Pound}} {{BD|1970}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Warren G}} [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Marapa wa Marekani]] 73wsng79nk7isd2s3eobaqw6udgmeri Angela N. Brooks 0 236291 1550179 1545507 2026-05-25T07:05:00Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550179 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Angela Brooks''' ni Profesa Msaidizi wa Uhandisi wa Biomolekuli katika Chuo Kikuu cha California, Santa Cruz. Yeye ni mwanachama wa Taasisi ya Genomics.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ucscgenomics.soe.ucsc.edu/angela-brooks-splicing-specialist/|title=Angela Brooks: Splicing Specialist|date=2017-04-01|website=Genomics Institute|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-11}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.the-scientist.com/scientist-to-watch/angela-brooks-splicing-specialist-31725|title=Angela Brooks: Splicing Specialist|website=The Scientist Magazine®|language=en|access-date=2019-07-11|archive-date=2019-07-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190718180806/https://www.the-scientist.com/scientist-to-watch/angela-brooks-splicing-specialist-31725|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://compbio.berkeley.edu/proj/juncbase/Home.html|title=JuncBASE|website=compbio.berkeley.edu|access-date=2019-07-11}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanasayansi wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa mwaka usiojulikana]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] dxmufjx1xfwdhvixiw9zqa2f3wjhn35 Amos Arbour 0 236329 1550170 1545573 2026-05-25T06:41:04Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550170 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joseph Amos Hermas "Butch" Arbour''' (26 Januari 1895 – 1 Novemba 1943) alikuwa mchezaji wa kulipwa wa [[Canada|Mkanada]] wa mchezo wa hoki ya barafu. Akiwa mshambuliaji wa upande wa kushoto (left winger), Arbour alicheza misimu miwili katika National Hockey Association na misimu sita katika National Hockey League akiwa na timu za Montreal Canadiens, Hamilton Tigers na Toronto St. Patricks. Alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi cha Montreal Canadiens kilichoshinda Kombe la Stanley mwaka 1916. Kwenye nyaraka zake za kujiandikisha kwa ajili ya [[Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya Dunia]], kazi yake iliorodheshwa kuwa ni ya mchinjaji.<ref>[[https://central.bac-lac.gc.ca/.item/?op=pdf&app=CEF&id=B0205-S029](https://central.bac-lac.gc.ca/.item/?op=pdf&app=CEF&id=B0205-S029){{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} ARBOUR, ARMOS AMOS] Library and Archives Canada – Personnel Records of the First World War. Retrieved 2021-06-12.</ref> Alifariki dunia huko Orillia, Ontario.<ref>''La Presse'' (Montreal, Quebec). Nov. 3, 1943.</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1895|1943}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Kanada]] 5e8v1jpiln0g23vz2dk0k00mn7gaicg Agnes L. Storrie 0 236632 1550128 1546206 2026-05-25T04:43:16Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550128 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agnes Louisa Storrie''' (23 Agosti 1864 – 20 Agosti 1936) alikuwa mshairi na mwandishi kutoka nchi ya [[Australia]], na mmoja wa waanzilishi wa chama cha Wattle Day League. Aliandika kazi zake akitumia jina la '''Agnes L. Storrie''', lakini pia alijulikana kwa jina la ndoa kama '''Agnes L. Kettlewell'''. Majina mengine ya kisanii aliyotumia ni pamoja na '''A.L.S.''', '''Senga''', '''"AYEA"''', '''La Pensee''', na '''Inky Fingers'''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Agnes L. Storrie |url=https://www.austlit.edu.au/austlit/page/A30535 |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=AustLit: Discover Australian Stories |publisher=The University of Queensland }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1864|1936}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Australia]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Australia]] r5s8hoffwvisbzx3017mcco2cxaea6o Adriance S. Foster 0 237073 1550124 1547183 2026-05-25T04:28:32Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550124 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adriance Sherwood Foster''' ([[Agosti 6]], [[1901]] – [[Mei 1]], [[1973]]) alikuwa [[mwanabotania]] wa [[Marekani]] anayejulikana kwa tafiti zake za anatomia ya mimea. Mwanabotania wa kwanza wa anatomia katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha California]], [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]], alikuwa mpokeaji mara mbili wa Guggenheim Fellowship na alihudumu kama rais wa Botanical Society of America na International Society of Plant Morphologists. Vitabu vyake vya kiada ''Practical Plant Anatomy'' na ''Comparative Morphology of Vascular Plants'' vilipitishwa sana na vilikuwa na ushawishi mkubwa. Foster alizaliwa [[Poughkeepsie, New York]], na alipata B.S. katika Chuo Kikuu cha Cornell mwaka [[1923]], akifuatiwa na shahada ya uzamili ([[1925]]) na udaktari ([[1926]]) katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Harvard]] chini ya [[Irving W. Bailey]]. Baada ya kupata udaktari wake alitumia miaka miwili nchini [[Uingereza]] akifanya kazi katika Chuo Kikuu cha Leeds, na kutoka [[1928]] hadi [[1934]] alikuwa profesa wa botania katika Chuo Kikuu cha Oklahoma.<ref name="Kaplan et al 1977">{{cite book|first1=Donald R.|last1= Kaplan| first2=Lincoln|last2= Constance|first3= Ralph|last3= Emerson |chapter=Adriance Sherwood Foster, Botany: Berkeley|title=University of California: In Memoriam, May 1977|pages=104–106|chapter-url=http://texts.cdlib.org/view?docId=hb1199n68c&chunk.id=div00041&brand=calisphere&doc.view=entire_text}}</ref> Alijiunga na kitivo cha UC Berkeley mwaka [[1934]], akistaafu kama profesa emeritus mwaka 1968. Foster alifariki Mei 1, 1973, kutokana na matatizo ya spinal osteomyelitis.<ref name="Kaplan1973">{{cite journal|first= Donald R.|last= Kaplan|year= 1973|title= Adriance Sherwood Foster (1901–1973): An Appreciation|journal= Plant Science Bulletin|volume= 19|issue= 4|pages= 57–59|url= http://botany.org/PlantScienceBulletin/psb-1973-19-4.php|archive-date= 2017-09-02|access-date= 2026-05-20|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170902015326/http://botany.org/PlantScienceBulletin/psb-1973-19-4.php|url-status= dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanasayansi wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1901]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1973]] 8ztxgjofsj3zgmoa5hhxmhy6gx38tkj Rowshan Ara Mannan 0 237293 1549795 1547667 2026-05-24T14:01:40Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549795 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rowshan Ara Mannan''' (alizaliwa 3 Januari 1948) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad)<ref>{{cite news |title=Jatiya Party submits nomination for reserved women seats |url=https://www.daily-sun.com/post/370525/2019/02/11/Jatiya-Party-submits-nomination-for-reserved-women-seats |work=Daily Sun |accessdate=13 July 2019}}</ref> na alikuwa mbunge wa bunge la 11 kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake (Kiti namba 47).{{cite web |title=Electoral History |url=https://amarmp.com/mp/1057/history |website=amarmp.com |accessdate=13 July 2019 |archive-date=2019-07-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190713075110/https://amarmp.com/mp/1057/history |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=JP's final four for reserved seats |url=https://www.daily-bangladesh.com/english/JPs-final-four-for-reserved-seats/19398 |website=daily-bangladesh.com |accessdate=13 July 2019}}</ref><ref <ref>{{cite web |title=List of 11th Parliament Members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/index.php/en/mps/members-of-parliament/current-mp-s/list-of-11th-parliament-members-english |website=Bangladesh Parliament |accessdate=13 July 2019}} == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1948||Mannan, Rowshan Ara}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] 0zlzzyni0yim047n5vzrr25ioq1nlyw Alphonse Douati 0 237320 1550164 1547732 2026-05-25T06:19:14Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550164 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alphonse Douati''' (1955 – 30 Januari 2022) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Citation|title=Mort du Ministre Alphonse Douati|date=2022-01-30|url=https://apr-news.fr/fr/actualites/mort-du-ministre-alphonse-douati|work=Agence de Presse Régionale|language=fr|access-date=2026-05-21|archive-date=2022-02-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220201000235/https://apr-news.fr/fr/actualites/mort-du-ministre-alphonse-douati|url-status=dead}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama waziri katika baraza la mawaziri la Rais Laurent Gbagbo. Alizaliwa mwaka 1955 katika kipindi cha “French Ivory Coast” (wakati Côte d’Ivoire ikiwa chini ya utawala wa kikoloni wa Ufaransa ndani ya French West Africa). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1955]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2022]] ofrgnii6rn3hud1blabhck3pk85hjmk Conor Bradley 0 237372 1549754 1549698 2026-05-24T12:44:40Z Husseyn Issa 44885 1549754 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Conor Bradley in 2021.jpg|thumb|Conor Bradley mwaka 2021]] '''Conor Bradley''' (alizaliwa [[9 Julai]] [[2003]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa kutoka Ireland Kaskazini ambaye anacheza kama beki wa kulia wa klabu ya [[mpira wa miguu]] ya [[Liverpool F.C.]] na timu ya taifa ya [[Ireland Kaskazini]]. == Maisha yake binafsi na ya awali == Conor Bradley<ref>{{cite web |date=13 September 2023 |title=2023/24 Premier League squad lists |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/3681595 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230920065904/https://www.premierleague.com/news/3681595 |archive-date=20 September 2023 |access-date=14 September 2023 |publisher=Premier League}}</ref> alizaliwa julai 9 2003 huko Castlederg, kaunti ya Tyrone,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.liverpool.com/liverpool-fc-news/features/liverpool-conor-bradley-jurgen-klopp-21638091 |title=Jürgen Klopp pleased with Conor Bradley as youngster ends 66-year Liverpool wait |first=Emmet |last=Gates |website=Liverpool.com |publisher=Reach |date=22 September 2021 |access-date=2 March 2024}}</ref> alipolelewa na kukua. Aliichezea timu yake ya nyumbani ya Gaelic,Aghyaran St Davog, na kipaji chake kuonekana toka alipokuwa mdogo.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-68063610|website=BBC News |title=Liverpool FC's Conor Bradley 'did things no other child could'|author=Wilson, David|date=23 January 2024|access-date=10 February 2024}}</ref> Alisoma shule ya ''Christian Brothers Grammar School'' huko Omagh, na kusimamiwa haraka ilikumaliza kozi yake ya mtaala wa GCSE.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gartland |first=Niall |date=24 January 2024 |title=The makings of a star |url=https://wearetyrone.com/news/the-makings-of-a-star/ |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=We Are Tyrone |language=en-GB}}</ref> Baba yake Joe Bradley, alifariki nyumbani huko Killen, kaunti Tyrone, [[Februari]] [[2024]], baada ya kipindi kirefu cha kuugua.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/liverpool-fc-mourns-passing-conor-bradleys-father|title=Liverpool FC mourns passing of Conor Bradley's father|date=3 February 2024|access-date=3 February 2024|publisher=Liverpool F.C.}}<br>- {{Cite news|url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/sport/football/premier-league/funeral-for-father-of-liverpool-fc-and-ni-star-conor-bradley-takes-place-in-co-tyrone/a422218771.html|title=Funeral for father of Liverpool FC and NI star Conor Bradley takes place in Co Tyrone|newspaper=[[Belfast Telegraph]]|date=7 February 2024|access-date=10 February 2024|author=Hewitt, Ralph}}</ref> == Vilabu alivyopitia == === Liverpool === ==== Hapo mwanzoni ==== Bradley alianza maisha yake ya ujana akiwa na klabu ya nyumbani ya St Patrick akiwa na umri wa miaka tisa na pia alianza mazoezi katika kituo cha maendeleo cha klabu ya Liverpool ya [[Uingereza]] huko Ireland Kaskazini akiwa na umri huo huo.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/sport/football/international/a-managers-dream-how-conor-bradley-earned-professional-liverpool-contract-after-joining-academy-aged-nine/39253819.html | title='A manager's dream': How Conor Bradley earned professional Liverpool contract after joining Academy aged nine | newspaper=Belfast Telegraph | date=2 June 2020 }}</ref><ref name="Belfast Telegraph">{{cite web |last=Hanna |first=Gareth |url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/sport/football/premier-league/liverpool/who-is-conor-bradley-all-you-need-to-know-about-liverpool-star-named-in-the-northern-ireland-squad-39407660.html |title=Who is Conor Bradley? All you need to know about Liverpool star named in the Northern Ireland squad |newspaper=[[Belfast Telegraph]] |date=26 May 2021 |access-date=30 May 2021}}</ref> Aliendelea kuchezea timu za Dungannon United Youth na Dungannon Swifts, kabla ya kuhamia [[England]] kujiunga na akademia ya vijana ya Liverpool mnamo mwaka [[2019]] kwa mkataba wa masomo wa miaka miwili. Hata hivyo, baada ya kukaa klabuni hapo kwa mwaka mmoja, alisaini mkataba wake wa kwanza na Liverpool, uliokuwa na muda wa miaka mitatu mpaka kufikia mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.dungannonswiftsfc.com/2020/06/01/contract-news-youngster-signs-professional-contract/ |title=Youngster signs professional contract |publisher=[[Dungannon Swifts F.C.]] |date=1 June 2020 |access-date=30 May 2021 |archive-date=15 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115074537/http://www.dungannonswiftsfc.com/2020/06/01/contract-news-youngster-signs-professional-contract/ |url-status=dead }}<br>- {{cite web |url=https://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/academy/403715-conor-bradley-signs-first-contract-liverpool-fc |title=Conor Bradley signs first pro contract with Liverpool FC |publisher=[[Liverpool F.C.]] |date=28 July 2020 |access-date=30 May 2021}}</ref> Bradley alicheza mechi yake ya kwanza katika kikosi cha kwanza cha Liverpool mnamo [[Septemba]] [[2021]] kwenye mchezo wa EFL Cup dhidi ya Norwich City. Kwa kufanya hivyo, akawa mchezaji wa kwanza kutoka Ireland ya Kaskazini kuchezea Liverpool katika mechi ya ushindani tangu wakati wa Sammy Smyth mnamo mwaka [[1954]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=Conor Bradley starts on Liverpool debut against Norwich in Carabao Cup as Northern Ireland's long wait is ended by Jurgen Klopp|newspaper=Belfast Telegraph |url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/sport/football/premier-league/liverpool/conor-bradley-starts-on-liverpool-debut-against-norwich-in-carabao-cup-as-northern-irelands-long-wait-is-ended-by-jurgen-klopp-40874267.html|access-date=21 September 2021}}</ref> ==== Mkopo kwenda Bolton Wanderers ==== Mnamo Juni 21 2022, Bradley alitia saini na timu ya daraja la kwanza ya Bolton Wanderers kwa mkopo wa msimu mzima.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Wanderers Complete Conor Coup |publisher=Bolton Wanderers F.C.|url=https://www.bwfc.co.uk/news/2022/june/wanderers-complete-conor-coup/|access-date=21 June 2022}}</ref> Aliichezea timu hio kwa mara ya kwanza Julai 30 katika mechi iliyoisha kwa sare ya 1-1 wakiwa ugenini dhidi ya klabu ya Ipswich Town F.C.{{citation needed|date=March 2024}} Alifunga goli lake la kwanza wakicheza dhidi ya timu ya Salford City F.C katika kombe la EFL waliposhida magoli 5-1 Agosti 9.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/62387996|title=Bolton Wanderers 5–1 Salford City|publisher=BBC Sport|date=9 August 2022|access-date=10 August 2022}}</ref> Wiki moja baadae kuandika bao lake la kwanza la ligi, likiwa ndo goli pekee katika mechi hio dhidi ya Morecambe F.C waliposhinda 1-0.<ref>{{cite news |last1=McKendry |first1=Adam |title=Conor Bradley sends fans wild as he continues outstanding start to the season with another goal for loan side Bolton |url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/sport/football/conor-bradley-sends-fans-wild-as-he-continues-outstanding-start-to-the-season-with-another-goal-for-loan-side-bolton-41916787.html |newspaper=Belfast Telegraph |date=16 August 2022 |access-date=16 August 2022}}</ref> Aprili 2 2023 Bradley alianza katika kikosi cha kwanza katika fainali ya EFL ambapo timu ya Boston ilipata ushindi wa 4-0 dhidi ya Plymouth Argyle F.C.<ref name="2023EFLTrophyFinal">{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/65088981 |title=Bolton Wanderers 4–0 Plymouth Argyle |first=Brent |last=Pilnick |publisher=BBC Sport |date=2 April 2023 |access-date=2 April 2023}}</ref> Aprili 29, alianza katika kikosi cha kwanza ambacho kilishinda ushindi wa 2-0 dhidi ya Fleetwood Town F.C, ushindi huo ulioipeleka timu ya Bolton hadi hatua mechi za kupnda daraja (Play-offs).<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/65357041|title=Bolton Wanderers 2–0 Fleetwood Town|publisher=BBC Sport|date=29 April 2023|access-date=29 April 2023}}</ref> Siku hio hio jina lake likitajwa kwa kupigiwa kura na kushinda kuwa mchezaji bora wa Bolton Wanderers F.C kwa mwaka 2022–23 na pia alitunukiwa tuzo za Mchezaji Bora wa Mwaka (chaguo la wachezaji wenzake) na Mchezaji Bora Chipukizi wa Mwaka, ambapo tuzo hiyo ya chipukizi aliipata kwa kushirikiana na James Trafford.<ref name="BWPOTY">{{cite news|url=https://www.bwfc.co.uk/news/2023/april/bradley-is-season-star/|title=Bradley Is Season Star|publisher=Bolton Wanderers F.C.|date=29 April 2023|access-date=29 April 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Iles |first=Marc |date=30 April 2023 |title='We're not finished yet!' Prize guy Conor wants more glory in the play-offs |url=https://www.theboltonnews.co.uk/sport/23491094.liverpool-teen-conor-bradley-wins-hat-trick-bolton-wanderers-awards/ |newspaper=The Bolton News |access-date=5 May 2023}}</ref> ==== Return to Liverpool: 2023–2024 season ==== [[File:Conor Bradley 06042025 (1).jpg|thumb|left|200px| Bradley akiwa na [[Liverpool F.C.|Liverpool]] 2025]] Tarehe [[21 Januari]] [[2024]], Bradley alicheza mechi yake ya kwanza ya Premier League katika ushindi wa 4-0 dhidi ya [[AFC Bournemouth]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nunez and Jota both strike twice in Liverpool victory at Bournemouth - Liverpool FC |url=https://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/nunez-and-jota-both-strike-twice-liverpool-victory-bournemouth |access-date=22 January 2024 |publisher=Liverpool F.C. |date=January 2024}}</ref> alianza mechi kwa kutoa ''assist'' ya goli na kufanya kupatikana kwa goli la pili la [[Diogo Jota]]. January 31 alifunga goli lake la kwanza akiwa na Liverpool katika ushindi wa 4-1 dhidi ya [[Chelsea F.C.]]<ref>{{Cite news |title=Bradley shines as leaders Liverpool beat Chelsea |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/68077796 |access-date=31 January 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Pia alisajili pasi mbili za mabao, na kumfanya kuwa mchezaji bora wa mechi kwa mara ya pili ndani ya siku tatu.{{citation needed|date=March 2024}} Tarehe [[25 Februari]] 2024, Bradley alianza katika kikosi cha kwanza na kuichezea Liverpool akiwa beki wa kulia katika fainali ya Kombe la EFL 2024 dhidi ya Chelsea kwenye Uwanja wa Wembley, kabla ya kutolewa dakika ya 72. Liverpool waliendelea na ushindi wa bao 1-0 baada ya muda wa nyongeza, na kufanya Bradley kupata kombe lake la kwanza akiwa na klabu hiyo.<ref name="2014EFLCupFinal">{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/68329936 |title=Chelsea 0–1 Liverpool |publisher=BBC Sport |first=Phil |last=McNulty |date=25 February 2024 |access-date=25 February 2024}}</ref> ==== Msimu wa 2024–2025 ==== Akiwa amejiimarisha vizuri kama mchezaji anaetumika mara kwa mara wakati wa msimu wa 2023-24 Liverpool, Bradley alipata sifa kubwa kwa mwanzo wake mzuri wa maisha ya mpira chini ya meneja mpya [[Arne Slot]] kipindi chake cha ukocha wa msimu wa 2024-25.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/articles/ce3l3q16d3go | title=Conor Bradley: How Liverpool full-back has proved he can replace Trent Alexander-Arnold | date=6 February 2025 }}</ref> Mechi iliyompa sifa zaidi ni miongoni mwa mechi ya klabu bingwa ulaya kati ya Liverpool na [[Real Madrid CF]] [[Novemba 27]] 2024, ambayo iliwapa ushindi wa 2-0 ulionyesha mchezo mkali wa kipindi cha kwanza kwa beki huyo dhidi ya fowadi wa Ufaransa [[Kylian Mbappé]], na hivyo kumpa sifa kubwa beki huyo mchanga kwa kumdhibiti fowadi huyo vizuri sana.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5954096/2024/11/28/liverpool-conor-bradley-tackle-kylian-mbappe/ | title=Liverpool's Conor Bradley and a tackle for the ages | work=The New York Times | last1=Pearce | first1=James | date=10 December 2024 }}</ref> Liverpool ilishinda Ligi kuu Uingereza 2024-25, na kumfanya Bradley kuwa mchezaji wa kwanza kutoka [[Ireland]] kutwaa taji hilo tangu Jonny Evans ambaye alishinda akiwa na [[Manchester United F.C]] katika [[2013]]. Tarehe [[17 Mei]] [[2025]], ilitangazwa kuwa Bradley ametia saini mkataba mpya wa muda mrefu na Liverpool. <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/conor-bradley-signs-new-liverpool-fc-contract | title=Conor Bradley signs new Liverpool FC Contract | work=Liverpool FC | last1=Carroll | first1=James | date=17 May 2025 }}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliohai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Ireland Kaskazini]] 1obc0ja740dkoi1cumako1q45uam8on 1549759 1549754 2026-05-24T12:46:59Z Husseyn Issa 44885 /* Msimu wa 2024–2025 */ 1549759 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Conor Bradley in 2021.jpg|thumb|Conor Bradley mwaka 2021]] '''Conor Bradley''' (alizaliwa [[9 Julai]] [[2003]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa kutoka Ireland Kaskazini ambaye anacheza kama beki wa kulia wa klabu ya [[mpira wa miguu]] ya [[Liverpool F.C.]] na timu ya taifa ya [[Ireland Kaskazini]]. == Maisha yake binafsi na ya awali == Conor Bradley<ref>{{cite web |date=13 September 2023 |title=2023/24 Premier League squad lists |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/3681595 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230920065904/https://www.premierleague.com/news/3681595 |archive-date=20 September 2023 |access-date=14 September 2023 |publisher=Premier League}}</ref> alizaliwa julai 9 2003 huko Castlederg, kaunti ya Tyrone,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.liverpool.com/liverpool-fc-news/features/liverpool-conor-bradley-jurgen-klopp-21638091 |title=Jürgen Klopp pleased with Conor Bradley as youngster ends 66-year Liverpool wait |first=Emmet |last=Gates |website=Liverpool.com |publisher=Reach |date=22 September 2021 |access-date=2 March 2024}}</ref> alipolelewa na kukua. Aliichezea timu yake ya nyumbani ya Gaelic,Aghyaran St Davog, na kipaji chake kuonekana toka alipokuwa mdogo.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-68063610|website=BBC News |title=Liverpool FC's Conor Bradley 'did things no other child could'|author=Wilson, David|date=23 January 2024|access-date=10 February 2024}}</ref> Alisoma shule ya ''Christian Brothers Grammar School'' huko Omagh, na kusimamiwa haraka ilikumaliza kozi yake ya mtaala wa GCSE.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gartland |first=Niall |date=24 January 2024 |title=The makings of a star |url=https://wearetyrone.com/news/the-makings-of-a-star/ |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=We Are Tyrone |language=en-GB}}</ref> Baba yake Joe Bradley, alifariki nyumbani huko Killen, kaunti Tyrone, [[Februari]] [[2024]], baada ya kipindi kirefu cha kuugua.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/liverpool-fc-mourns-passing-conor-bradleys-father|title=Liverpool FC mourns passing of Conor Bradley's father|date=3 February 2024|access-date=3 February 2024|publisher=Liverpool F.C.}}<br>- {{Cite news|url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/sport/football/premier-league/funeral-for-father-of-liverpool-fc-and-ni-star-conor-bradley-takes-place-in-co-tyrone/a422218771.html|title=Funeral for father of Liverpool FC and NI star Conor Bradley takes place in Co Tyrone|newspaper=[[Belfast Telegraph]]|date=7 February 2024|access-date=10 February 2024|author=Hewitt, Ralph}}</ref> == Vilabu alivyopitia == === Liverpool === ==== Hapo mwanzoni ==== Bradley alianza maisha yake ya ujana akiwa na klabu ya nyumbani ya St Patrick akiwa na umri wa miaka tisa na pia alianza mazoezi katika kituo cha maendeleo cha klabu ya Liverpool ya [[Uingereza]] huko Ireland Kaskazini akiwa na umri huo huo.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/sport/football/international/a-managers-dream-how-conor-bradley-earned-professional-liverpool-contract-after-joining-academy-aged-nine/39253819.html | title='A manager's dream': How Conor Bradley earned professional Liverpool contract after joining Academy aged nine | newspaper=Belfast Telegraph | date=2 June 2020 }}</ref><ref name="Belfast Telegraph">{{cite web |last=Hanna |first=Gareth |url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/sport/football/premier-league/liverpool/who-is-conor-bradley-all-you-need-to-know-about-liverpool-star-named-in-the-northern-ireland-squad-39407660.html |title=Who is Conor Bradley? All you need to know about Liverpool star named in the Northern Ireland squad |newspaper=[[Belfast Telegraph]] |date=26 May 2021 |access-date=30 May 2021}}</ref> Aliendelea kuchezea timu za Dungannon United Youth na Dungannon Swifts, kabla ya kuhamia [[England]] kujiunga na akademia ya vijana ya Liverpool mnamo mwaka [[2019]] kwa mkataba wa masomo wa miaka miwili. Hata hivyo, baada ya kukaa klabuni hapo kwa mwaka mmoja, alisaini mkataba wake wa kwanza na Liverpool, uliokuwa na muda wa miaka mitatu mpaka kufikia mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.dungannonswiftsfc.com/2020/06/01/contract-news-youngster-signs-professional-contract/ |title=Youngster signs professional contract |publisher=[[Dungannon Swifts F.C.]] |date=1 June 2020 |access-date=30 May 2021 |archive-date=15 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115074537/http://www.dungannonswiftsfc.com/2020/06/01/contract-news-youngster-signs-professional-contract/ |url-status=dead }}<br>- {{cite web |url=https://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/academy/403715-conor-bradley-signs-first-contract-liverpool-fc |title=Conor Bradley signs first pro contract with Liverpool FC |publisher=[[Liverpool F.C.]] |date=28 July 2020 |access-date=30 May 2021}}</ref> Bradley alicheza mechi yake ya kwanza katika kikosi cha kwanza cha Liverpool mnamo [[Septemba]] [[2021]] kwenye mchezo wa EFL Cup dhidi ya Norwich City. Kwa kufanya hivyo, akawa mchezaji wa kwanza kutoka Ireland ya Kaskazini kuchezea Liverpool katika mechi ya ushindani tangu wakati wa Sammy Smyth mnamo mwaka [[1954]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=Conor Bradley starts on Liverpool debut against Norwich in Carabao Cup as Northern Ireland's long wait is ended by Jurgen Klopp|newspaper=Belfast Telegraph |url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/sport/football/premier-league/liverpool/conor-bradley-starts-on-liverpool-debut-against-norwich-in-carabao-cup-as-northern-irelands-long-wait-is-ended-by-jurgen-klopp-40874267.html|access-date=21 September 2021}}</ref> ==== Mkopo kwenda Bolton Wanderers ==== Mnamo Juni 21 2022, Bradley alitia saini na timu ya daraja la kwanza ya Bolton Wanderers kwa mkopo wa msimu mzima.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Wanderers Complete Conor Coup |publisher=Bolton Wanderers F.C.|url=https://www.bwfc.co.uk/news/2022/june/wanderers-complete-conor-coup/|access-date=21 June 2022}}</ref> Aliichezea timu hio kwa mara ya kwanza Julai 30 katika mechi iliyoisha kwa sare ya 1-1 wakiwa ugenini dhidi ya klabu ya Ipswich Town F.C.{{citation needed|date=March 2024}} Alifunga goli lake la kwanza wakicheza dhidi ya timu ya Salford City F.C katika kombe la EFL waliposhida magoli 5-1 Agosti 9.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/62387996|title=Bolton Wanderers 5–1 Salford City|publisher=BBC Sport|date=9 August 2022|access-date=10 August 2022}}</ref> Wiki moja baadae kuandika bao lake la kwanza la ligi, likiwa ndo goli pekee katika mechi hio dhidi ya Morecambe F.C waliposhinda 1-0.<ref>{{cite news |last1=McKendry |first1=Adam |title=Conor Bradley sends fans wild as he continues outstanding start to the season with another goal for loan side Bolton |url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/sport/football/conor-bradley-sends-fans-wild-as-he-continues-outstanding-start-to-the-season-with-another-goal-for-loan-side-bolton-41916787.html |newspaper=Belfast Telegraph |date=16 August 2022 |access-date=16 August 2022}}</ref> Aprili 2 2023 Bradley alianza katika kikosi cha kwanza katika fainali ya EFL ambapo timu ya Boston ilipata ushindi wa 4-0 dhidi ya Plymouth Argyle F.C.<ref name="2023EFLTrophyFinal">{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/65088981 |title=Bolton Wanderers 4–0 Plymouth Argyle |first=Brent |last=Pilnick |publisher=BBC Sport |date=2 April 2023 |access-date=2 April 2023}}</ref> Aprili 29, alianza katika kikosi cha kwanza ambacho kilishinda ushindi wa 2-0 dhidi ya Fleetwood Town F.C, ushindi huo ulioipeleka timu ya Bolton hadi hatua mechi za kupnda daraja (Play-offs).<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/65357041|title=Bolton Wanderers 2–0 Fleetwood Town|publisher=BBC Sport|date=29 April 2023|access-date=29 April 2023}}</ref> Siku hio hio jina lake likitajwa kwa kupigiwa kura na kushinda kuwa mchezaji bora wa Bolton Wanderers F.C kwa mwaka 2022–23 na pia alitunukiwa tuzo za Mchezaji Bora wa Mwaka (chaguo la wachezaji wenzake) na Mchezaji Bora Chipukizi wa Mwaka, ambapo tuzo hiyo ya chipukizi aliipata kwa kushirikiana na James Trafford.<ref name="BWPOTY">{{cite news|url=https://www.bwfc.co.uk/news/2023/april/bradley-is-season-star/|title=Bradley Is Season Star|publisher=Bolton Wanderers F.C.|date=29 April 2023|access-date=29 April 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Iles |first=Marc |date=30 April 2023 |title='We're not finished yet!' Prize guy Conor wants more glory in the play-offs |url=https://www.theboltonnews.co.uk/sport/23491094.liverpool-teen-conor-bradley-wins-hat-trick-bolton-wanderers-awards/ |newspaper=The Bolton News |access-date=5 May 2023}}</ref> ==== Return to Liverpool: 2023–2024 season ==== [[File:Conor Bradley 06042025 (1).jpg|thumb|left|200px| Bradley akiwa na [[Liverpool F.C.|Liverpool]] 2025]] Tarehe [[21 Januari]] [[2024]], Bradley alicheza mechi yake ya kwanza ya Premier League katika ushindi wa 4-0 dhidi ya [[AFC Bournemouth]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nunez and Jota both strike twice in Liverpool victory at Bournemouth - Liverpool FC |url=https://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/nunez-and-jota-both-strike-twice-liverpool-victory-bournemouth |access-date=22 January 2024 |publisher=Liverpool F.C. |date=January 2024}}</ref> alianza mechi kwa kutoa ''assist'' ya goli na kufanya kupatikana kwa goli la pili la [[Diogo Jota]]. January 31 alifunga goli lake la kwanza akiwa na Liverpool katika ushindi wa 4-1 dhidi ya [[Chelsea F.C.]]<ref>{{Cite news |title=Bradley shines as leaders Liverpool beat Chelsea |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/68077796 |access-date=31 January 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Pia alisajili pasi mbili za mabao, na kumfanya kuwa mchezaji bora wa mechi kwa mara ya pili ndani ya siku tatu.{{citation needed|date=March 2024}} Tarehe [[25 Februari]] 2024, Bradley alianza katika kikosi cha kwanza na kuichezea Liverpool akiwa beki wa kulia katika fainali ya Kombe la EFL 2024 dhidi ya Chelsea kwenye Uwanja wa Wembley, kabla ya kutolewa dakika ya 72. Liverpool waliendelea na ushindi wa bao 1-0 baada ya muda wa nyongeza, na kufanya Bradley kupata kombe lake la kwanza akiwa na klabu hiyo.<ref name="2014EFLCupFinal">{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/68329936 |title=Chelsea 0–1 Liverpool |publisher=BBC Sport |first=Phil |last=McNulty |date=25 February 2024 |access-date=25 February 2024}}</ref> ==== Msimu wa 2024–2025 ==== Akiwa amejiimarisha vizuri kama mchezaji anaetumika mara kwa mara wakati wa msimu wa 2023-24 Liverpool, Bradley alipata sifa kubwa kwa mwanzo wake mzuri wa maisha ya mpira chini ya meneja mpya [[Arne Slot]] kipindi chake cha ukocha wa msimu wa 2024-25.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/articles/ce3l3q16d3go | title=Conor Bradley: How Liverpool full-back has proved he can replace Trent Alexander-Arnold | date=6 February 2025 }}</ref> Mechi iliyompa sifa zaidi ni miongoni mwa mechi ya klabu bingwa ulaya kati ya Liverpool na [[Real Madrid|Real Madrid CF]] [[Novemba 27]] 2024, ambayo iliwapa ushindi wa 2-0 ulionyesha mchezo mkali wa kipindi cha kwanza kwa beki huyo dhidi ya fowadi wa Ufaransa [[Kylian Mbappé]], na hivyo kumpa sifa kubwa beki huyo mchanga kwa kumdhibiti fowadi huyo vizuri sana.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5954096/2024/11/28/liverpool-conor-bradley-tackle-kylian-mbappe/ | title=Liverpool's Conor Bradley and a tackle for the ages | work=The New York Times | last1=Pearce | first1=James | date=10 December 2024 }}</ref> Liverpool ilishinda Ligi kuu Uingereza 2024-25, na kumfanya Bradley kuwa mchezaji wa kwanza kutoka [[Ireland]] kutwaa taji hilo tangu Jonny Evans ambaye alishinda akiwa na [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United F.C]] katika [[2013]]. Tarehe [[17 Mei]] [[2025]], ilitangazwa kuwa Bradley ametia saini mkataba mpya wa muda mrefu na Liverpool. <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/conor-bradley-signs-new-liverpool-fc-contract | title=Conor Bradley signs new Liverpool FC Contract | work=Liverpool FC | last1=Carroll | first1=James | date=17 May 2025 }}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliohai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Ireland Kaskazini]] 1bdxl2lxjhy2r8qf8zvupop9uyfr8ro Albert Mpeti Biyombo 0 237477 1550135 1548069 2026-05-25T05:30:10Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550135 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Albert Mpeti Biyombo''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Mwaka 2019 aliteuliwa kuwa Naibu Waziri wa Afya katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba iliyodumu kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021. Pia ni mbunge na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Democratic Republic of Congo announces 65-strong cabinet under Tshisekedi’s administration - Political Analysis South Africa|url=https://www.politicalanalysis.co.za/democratic-republic-of-congo-announces-65-strong-cabinet-under-tshisekedis-administration/|work=www.politicalanalysis.co.za|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-ZA|author=Marina|archive-date=2024-02-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240229203413/https://www.politicalanalysis.co.za/democratic-republic-of-congo-announces-65-strong-cabinet-under-tshisekedis-administration/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] dm8i07ll8uyzqhx2qyb1mg6kaay0mwq Sam Bokolombe 0 237479 1549829 1548071 2026-05-24T14:42:49Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549829 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sam Bokolombe Batuli''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Yeye ni mbunge wa Bunge la Taifa la DRC na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for the Congolese Nation (UNC).<ref>{{Citation|title=BOKOLOMBE BATULI Sam|url=http://www.assemblee-nationale.cd/v2/?team=bokolombe-batuli-sam|work=RDC - Assemblée Nationale|language=fr-FR|access-date=2026-05-22|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304051529/http://www.assemblee-nationale.cd/v2/?team=bokolombe-batuli-sam|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] frpbdg67qp44mwky5ctpn7cll8x8owe Adam Bombolé 0 237484 1550115 1548077 2026-05-25T04:05:09Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550115 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adam Bombolé Intole''' (amezaliwa 18 Machi 1957 huko Coquilhatville, Belgian Congo) ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Aligombea urais katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 2011 nchini DRC.<ref>{{Cite web|title=CENI RD Congo :Candidature à la présidentielle pour l'élection 2011|url=http://www.ceni.gouv.cd/candidature.aspx?type=1&id=73|work=www.ceni.gouv.cd|accessdate=2026-05-22|archive-date=2011-10-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111028114235/http://www.ceni.gouv.cd/candidature.aspx?type=1&id=73|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1957]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 3rwmoxibsx5do3z1kmrxh70bnqm7bh1 Aimé Sakombi Molendo 0 237648 1550132 1548432 2026-05-25T04:53:59Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550132 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aimé Sakombi Molendo''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Mwaka 2019 aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Usimamizi wa Ardhi katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba iliyodumu kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021. Pia ni mbunge na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Democratic Republic of Congo announces 65-strong cabinet under Tshisekedi’s administration - Political Analysis South Africa|url=https://www.politicalanalysis.co.za/democratic-republic-of-congo-announces-65-strong-cabinet-under-tshisekedis-administration/|work=www.politicalanalysis.co.za|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-ZA|author=Marina|archive-date=2024-02-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240229203413/https://www.politicalanalysis.co.za/democratic-republic-of-congo-announces-65-strong-cabinet-under-tshisekedis-administration/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 83rja1k6pzx3n47xoc45xltk5jl8eqf Shahrbanoo Amani 0 237653 1549891 1548454 2026-05-24T16:06:51Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549891 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shahrbanoo Amani Anganeh''' (alizaliwa mwaka 1960) alikuwa mjumbe wa [[Bunge la Iran]] (Islamic Consultative Assembly) katika kipindi cha tano na cha sita kutoka [[Urmia (jimbo la uchaguzi)|jimbo la uchaguzi la Urmia]]<ref>{{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | title = Iranian dissident freed on bail| publisher = BBC| date = 13 March 2002| url = https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/1870967.stm| format = | doi = | access-date = 19 January 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | title = هرانا؛ شهربانو امانی به قید وثیقه از زندان آزاد شد| publisher = Human Rights Activist News Agency| date = | url = https://hra-news.org/00/7149-1.html| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110303015420/https://hra-news.org/00/7149-1.html | archivedate = 3 March 2011 | doi = | accessdate = 19 January 2015 }}</ref> kupitia [[Harakati ya Mageuzi ya Iran]] (Iranian reform movement).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://durnanews.ir/?p=21337|title=نگاهی بر انتخابات مجلس دهم در آذربایجان غربی و انتظارات مردم {{!}} دورنانیوز|access-date=2019-10-22|archive-date=2017-08-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170823120702/http://durnanews.ir/?p=21337|url-status=dead}}</ref> Pia, alikuwa mshauri mkuu wa [[Masoumeh Ebtekar]], ambaye alikuwa mkuu wa Shirika la Kulinda Mazingira la [[Iran]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://navidesobh.ir/?p=744 |title=نوید صبح {{!}} حضور شهربانو امانی، (نماینده پیشین مردم ارومیه در مجلس شورای اسلامی ) در دفتر نوید صبح |website=navidesobh.ir |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130926203401/http://navidesobh.ir/?p=744 |archive-date=2013-09-26}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1960|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] 0f5erb7m2cw3a8fbj61cp84h9gqabny Shaddy Safadi 0 237698 1549886 1548521 2026-05-24T15:56:11Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549886 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shaddy Safadi''' (alizaliwa [[1979]]) ni [[msanii]] wa dhana ya [[michezo ya video]] nchini [[Marekani]] ambaye ni mwanzilishi mwenza wa ''One Pixel Brush'', kampuni ya dhana yenye makao yake [[Santa Monica, California]].<ref name="Wacom">{{cite web |url=http://community.wacom.com/inspiration/blog/2014/november/career-trajectory-of-a-concept-artist-shaddy-safadi |title=Career Trajectory of a Concept Artist: Shaddy Safadi |last=Goeliner |first=Caleb |date=November 2014 |website=Wacom Community |publisher=Wacom |access-date=21 June 2017 |quote= |archive-date=2017-04-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170426151632/http://community.wacom.com/inspiration/blog/2014/november/career-trajectory-of-a-concept-artist-shaddy-safadi |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1979]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] dh8skelskg23tn2a5ku9x6fkfaq3x27 Abdul Hadi Zaqlam 0 237699 1550107 1548522 2026-05-25T03:45:14Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550107 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abdul Hadi Zaqlam''', anayejulikana pia kama Howeidi, ni [[mwanasoka]] wa kulipwa wa [[Libya]] aliyezaliwa 18 Juni 1991. Anachezea [[klabu]] ya Al-Hilal.<ref>{{Citation|title=خاص.. هويدي زقلام يوقع لنادي الأهلي بنغازي لمدة ثلاث مواسم {{!}} الكورة والناس|date=2017-07-28|url=https://www.elkorawelnas.com/libya/39786/|work=الكورة والناس|language=ar-AR|access-date=2026-05-22|archive-date=2019-08-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190818101352/https://www.elkorawelnas.com/libya/39786/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1991]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Libya]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 6sma555vs69c44oiqd6w89aj7x0txov Abdillahi Abokor Osman 0 237719 1550105 1548575 2026-05-25T03:40:16Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550105 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abdillahi Abokor Osman''' (Kisomali: ''Cabdillaahi Abokor Cismaan'') ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Somalia]] anayehudumu katika serikali ya Somaliland.<ref>{{Citation|title=Somaliland: Minister of Transport receives UK delegation {{!}} Somaliland Current|date=2019-12-11|url=https://www.somalilandcurrent.com/2019/12/11/somaliland-minister-of-transport-receives-british-delegation/|work=Somaliland Current|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-22|archive-date=2020-02-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200229133521/https://www.somalilandcurrent.com/2019/12/11/somaliland-minister-of-transport-receives-british-delegation/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Somaliland: Ministry of Transport Links Amoud University with Borame Town|url=https://menafn.com/1099458518/Somaliland-Ministry-of-Transport-Links-Amoud-University-with-Borame-Town|work=menafn.com|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en|author=MENAFN}}</ref> == Wadhifa == Anashika nafasi ya: * Naibu [[Waziri]] wa Mambo ya Ndani * Waziri wa Uchukuzi na Maendeleo ya Barabara * Mjumbe wa Mamlaka ya Mikataba ya Kitaifa Anafanya [[kazi]] katika usimamizi wa sera za ndani, miundombinu ya usafiri, na mikataba ya [[serikali]] ya Somaliland. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1976]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Libya]] svi37s0ia04oh3nxewvjwcygskbwxvn Abdurahman Ahmed Ali 0 237728 1550109 1548592 2026-05-25T03:49:03Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550109 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abdirahman Ahmed Ali''' (Kisomali: ''Cabdiraxmaan Axmed Cali'') ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Somalia ambaye kwa sasa anahudumu kama Gavana wa mkoa wa Awdal wa Somaliland tangu Januari 2018. Mwishoni mwa Januari 2020, viongozi wa kidini wa eneo hilo walimshutumu kwa kudaiwa kukosa heshima kwa [[dini]] (Uislamu), jambo ambalo ni kinyume na [[sheria]] za nchi. Hata hivyo, gavana huyo alikanusha madai hayo akisema: “Sikuwa na sababu ya kukosea dini, kwa sababu mimi ni Muislamu.”<ref>{{Cite web|title=Somaliland: President Bihi Appoints Regional Governors, Presidency Spokesperson|url=https://somalilandsun.com/somaliland-president-bihi-appoints-regional-governors-presidency-spokesperson/|work=Somaliland Sun|date=2018-01-29|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-GB|author=admin}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=Hassan|first=Abdiqani|title=Tropical cyclone hits Somaliland killing at least 15 people - governor|url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-somalia-floods/tropical-cyclone-hits-somaliland-killing-at-least-15-people-governor-idUKKCN1IM0LX|work=U.K.|language=en-GB|access-date=2026-05-22|archive-date=2018-12-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181203231306/https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-somalia-floods/tropical-cyclone-hits-somaliland-killing-at-least-15-people-governor-idUKKCN1IM0LX|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Somalia]] 0pc4j4v5lqekdfprp0w1cujzhh9expf Ahmed Mohamoud Farah 0 237742 1550131 1548631 2026-05-25T04:48:27Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550131 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ahmed Mohamoud Farah''' (Kisomali: ''Axmed Maxamuud Faarax'') alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] na afisa wa kijeshi wa [[Somalia]]. Alikuwa mmoja wa Makamu wa [[Rais wa Marekani|Rais]] wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Somalia kuanzia Januari 1990 hadi Januari 1991. Pia aliwahi kushika nyadhifa mbalimbali serikalini, zikiwemo: * [[Waziri]] wa Viwanda na Biashara (1970–1971) * Waziri wa Posta na Mawasiliano (1971–1974) * Waziri wa Madini na Viwanda (1982–1987) * Waziri wa Viwanda (1989–1990) Aidha, alikuwa mwanachama mwandamizi wa Supreme Revolutionary Council<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wayback Machine|url=https://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/con00170.pdf|work=www.ifes.org|accessdate=2026-05-22|archive-date=2019-12-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191202182911/https://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/con00170.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> na alikuwa na cheo cha Kanali katika [[jeshi]].<ref>{{Citation|last=United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees|title=Refworld {{!}} Somalia: Information on the political career of Faduma Ahmed "Alim", including whether she was a member of parliament from 1979-1990 and served as deputy minister of education, and if so, whether she was elected or appointed or ever removed from the position, and if so, for what reasons, whether she was married to Ahmed Mohamoud Farah, who held several ministerial posts in the Barre government between 1970 and 1990, and if so, on his whereabouts today|url=https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6aac378.html|work=Refworld|language=en|access-date=2026-05-22}}</ref> Anatoka katika tawi la Adam Isa la ukoo mdogo wa Isamusa wa Isaaq. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1920]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Somalia]] kxd3k5b3anoxcksqqdbm70lfgg4h01h Adib Boroumand 0 237769 1550120 1548696 2026-05-25T04:12:48Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550120 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adib Boroumand''' (au Adīb Borūmand) (11 Juni 1924 – 13 Machi 2017) alikuwa mshairi, mwanasiasa, na mwanasheria (akili) wa [[Irani|Iran]]. Alikuwa mkuu wa baraza la uongozi na mwenyekiti wa baraza kuu<ref>[http://jebhe.net/بیانیه-جبهه-ملی-ایران-در-مورد-ترمیم-هیت.htm بیانیه جبهه ملی ایران در مورد ترمیم هیت] {{Wayback|url=http://jebhe.net/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%87-%D8%AC%D8%A8%D9%87%D9%87-%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF-%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%85-%D9%87%DB%8C%D8%AA.htm |date=20170820000712 }} jebhe.net (kwa Kiajemi)</ref> la chama cha [[National Front (Iran)|National Front of Iran]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.adibboroumand.com/|title=اشعار ادیب برومند - شعر، غزل و قصيده شاعر ملی ایران|work=اشعار اديب برومند - شعر، غزل و قصيده|accessdate=7 July 2015}}</ref> Anafahamika zaidi kama [[Washairi wa kitaifa|mshairi wa kitaifa]] wa [[Iran]].{{ref|a}} == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1924|2017}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] 2qr25vhe9selh9mx1i3g37s6u3uet40 Younes Reggab 0 237796 1549752 1548729 2026-05-24T12:44:34Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 4 template(s) replaced. 1549752 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Younes Reggab''' (alizaliwa [[1975]]) ni mtengenezaji wa filamu na mwandishi wa filamu kutoka [[Moroko]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Younes Reggab : Une passion nommée cinéma|url=https://aujourdhui.ma/culture/younes-reggab-une-passion-nommee-cinema-89920|work=Aujourd'hui le Maroc|date=2008-11-20|accessdate=2026-05-23|language=fr-FR|author=Amine Harmach}}</ref><ref>https://africultures.com/personnes/?no=10156</ref> Yeye ni mtoto wa mtengenezaji wa filamu anayeitwa Mohamed Reggab. Filamu zake zimeonyeshwa katika sherehe nyingi za filamu za [[Moroko]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Africiné - La 10ème édition du festival national du film (Tanger 2008)|url=https://africine.org/reportage/la-10eme-edition-du-festival-national-du-film-tanger-2008/8292|work=Africiné|accessdate=2026-05-23|language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=M.O|title=Younes Reggab remporte le Grand prix du Festival du cinéma en plein air de Taza|url=https://www.libe.ma/Younes-Reggab-remporte-le-Grand-prix-du-Festival-du-cinema-en-plein-air-de-Taza_a104765.html|work=Libération|language=fr|access-date=2026-05-23}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=filmnat14|url=https://www.ccm.ma/fnf16/feuilles.html|work=www.ccm.ma|accessdate=2026-05-23}}</ref> na amekuwa sehemu ya majaji wa baadhi yao.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=11è édition du festival Ciné-Université : Younès Reggab préside le jury de la compétition officielle des ciné-clubs :|url=https://fr.le7tv.ma/2021/09/23/11e-edition-du-festival-cine-universite-younes-reggab-preside-le-jury-de-la-competition-officielle-des-cine-clubs/|work=Le7tv.ma|date=2021-09-23|accessdate=2026-05-23|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1975]] [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] pwmnpt0i0z8zio7w308tbo1knoktug9 Daoud Aoulad-Syad 0 237821 1550227 1548878 2026-05-25T09:34:40Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550227 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Daoud Aoulad-Syad ('''[[Kiarabu]]: داوود اولاد السيد; alizaliwa Aprili, [[1953]], huko [[Marakesh]]) ni mpiga picha,<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Daoud Aoulad-Syad {{!}}|url=https://www.galerie127.com/daoud-aoulad-syad/|date=2020-10-02|accessdate=2026-05-23|language=fr-FR}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Le Maroc de Daoud Aoulad-Syad|url=https://loeildelaphotographie.com/en/daoud-aoulad-syads-morocco/|work=L'Œil de la Photographie Magazine|date=2018-02-27|accessdate=2026-05-23|language=fr-FR|author=L'Œil de la Photographie}}</ref> mkurugenzi wa [[filamu]],<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Daoud Aoulad Syad - Unifrance|url=https://en.unifrance.org/directories/person/305232/daoud-aoulad-syad|work=en.unifrance.org|accessdate=2026-05-23}}</ref> na mwandishi wa filamu kutoka [[Moroko]].<ref>{{Citation|title=Le cinéma de Daoud. Rencontre avec Daoud Aoulad Syad27.06.2021, 19:00|date=2021-06-16|url=https://le18marrakech.com/le-cinema-de-daoud/|work=LE 18, Derb el Ferrane|language=fr-FR|access-date=2026-05-23|archive-date=2021-11-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211109151323/https://le18marrakech.com/le-cinema-de-daoud/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Personnes {{!}} Africultures : Aoulad-Syad Daoud|url=https://africultures.com/personnes/?no=11215|work=Africultures|accessdate=2026-05-23|language=fr-FR}}</ref> Kazi zake za upigaji picha ,zimejikita zaidi nchini Moroko<ref>https://www.leconomiste.com/1038121-exposition-le-maroc-vu-par-daoud-aoulad-syad/ </ref> na wakazi wake,<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Le Maroc de Daoud Aoulad-Syad|url=https://leseco.ma/culture/le-maroc-de-daoud-aoulad-syad.html|work=LesEco.ma|date=2018-12-15|accessdate=2026-05-23|language=fr-FR|author=LesEco.ma}}</ref> na zimeonyeshwa katika maonesho mbalimbali duniani kote.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Daoud Aoulad-Syad restitue la mémoire d’un Maroc riche et diversifié|url=https://lematin.ma/journal/2019/daoud-aoulad-syad-restitue-memoire-d-maroc-riche-diversifie/309346.html|work=Le Matin.ma|date=2019-01-25|accessdate=2026-05-23|language=fr|author=Ouafaa Bennani}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Daoud Aoulad-Syad|url=https://www.mep-fr.org/event/daoud-aoulad-syad/|work=La MEP|date=2015-11-12|accessdate=2026-05-23|language=fr-FR}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=1-54 Contemporary African Art Fair|url=https://www.1-54.com/new-york/artists/aoulad-syad-daoud/|work=www.1-54.com|accessdate=2026-05-23|archive-date=2021-11-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211109151322/https://www.1-54.com/new-york/artists/aoulad-syad-daoud/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Wasifu == Alipokuwa akisomea udaktari katika fizikia katika Chuo Kikuu cha Nancy, alianza kupenda upigaji picha. Baada ya maonyesho kadhaa ya picha zake, alianza kuhudhuria warsha ya filamu katika Chuo Kikuu cha École nationale supérieure des métiers de l'image et du son. Aliongoza filamu fupi kama ''Mémoire ocre'', ''Entre l'absence et l'oubli'' na ''L'Oued'' kabla ya kutengeneza filamu yake ya kwanza ndefu, ''Adieu forain'' mwaka 1998.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Directors|url=https://trigon-film.org/en/directors/daoud-aoulad-syad/|work=trigon-film|accessdate=2026-05-23|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Entretien avec Daoud Aoulad Syad à propos de La Mosquée (A Jamaâ) {{!}} BUALA|url=https://www.buala.org/fr/afroscreen/entretien-avec-daoud-aoulad-syad-a-propos-de-la-mosquee-a-jamaa|work=www.buala.org|accessdate=2026-05-23}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1953]] [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] rstuf0cden6o8amp1ndro2ptol6aa0g Yung Jake 0 237835 1549756 1548788 2026-05-24T12:45:00Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1549756 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yung Jake''' (jina halisi '''Jake Patterson''') ni [[msanii]] na [[rapa]] nchini [[Marekani]]. Kazi yake mara nyingi huchunguza media mpya na teknolojia, na inajumuisha uchoraji, [[uchongaji]], sanaa ya dijiti na mtandao, video, muziki, programu, na bidhaa. Anajulikana zaidi kwa picha zake za watu mashuhuri kwa kutumia emoji.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Stutz |first=Colin |date=2016-10-27 |title=Meet Yung Jake, the Artist Making Masterpieces Out of Emojis |url=https://www.wmagazine.com/story/meet-yung-jake-the-artist-making-masterpieces-out-of-emojis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331170036/https://www.wmagazine.com/story/meet-yung-jake-the-artist-making-masterpieces-out-of-emojis |archive-date=2022-03-31 |access-date=2022-05-15 |website=W Magazine}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Skelton |first=Eric |date=2018-07-23 |title=Tips for Creating on the Internet with Yung Jake |url=https://www.complex.com/music/2018/07/yung-jake-interview-tips-internet-creators-yung-jake/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180724122042/https://www.complex.com/music/2018/07/yung-jake-interview-tips-internet-creators-yung-jake/experimenting-with-new-platforms |archive-date=2018-07-24 |access-date=2022-05-15 |website=Complex |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa hip hop]] [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa mwaka usiojulikana]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] r60ps8gno1j8sl81tt9htf37u8n3kp9 William Badders 0 237937 1549745 1548958 2026-05-24T12:40:54Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549745 wikitext text/x-wiki '''William Badders''' (Septemba 15, 1901 – Novemba 23, 1986) alikuwa mpiga mbizi katika Jeshi la Wanamaji la [[Marekani]] na alikuwa miongoni mwa waliotunukiwa tuzo ya juu kabisa ya kijeshi ya [[Marekani]], Medali ya Heshima, pamoja na Navy Cross.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=[https://www.war.gov/News/Feature-Stories/Story/Article/1837705/medal-of-honor-monday-navy-chief-petty-officer-william-badders/|title=Medal](https://www.war.gov/News/Feature-Stories/Story/Article/1837705/medal-of-honor-monday-navy-chief-petty-officer-william-badders/|title=Medal) of Honor Monday: Navy Chief Petty Officer William Badders}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1901|1986}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] 12riu4ouvo0wn0wtfwdnbh53obqbe8h Gregoire Mirindi 0 237960 1550282 1549027 2026-05-25T11:35:25Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550282 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Grégoire Mirindi Carhangabo''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Citation|title=MIRINDI CARHANGABO Gregoire|url=http://www.assemblee-nationale.cd/v2/?team=mirindi-carhangabo-gregoire|work=RDC - Assemblée Nationale|language=fr-FR|access-date=2026-05-22|archive-date=2015-09-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923175505/http://www.assemblee-nationale.cd/v2/?team=mirindi-carhangabo-gregoire|url-status=dead}}</ref> Yeye ni mbunge wa Bunge la Taifa la DRC na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for the Congolese Nation (UNC). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] m9mkbji7o0tsi8nnh011bayw5zcpndq Crispin Mbindule 0 237966 1550226 1549038 2026-05-25T09:21:58Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550226 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Crispin Mbindule Mitono''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Yeye ni mbunge wa [[Bunge]] la Taifa la DRC anayewakilisha jimbo la Butembo. Pia ni mwanachama wa chama cha Union for the Congolese Nation (UNC). Alisoma katika Chuo Kikuu cha Catholique du Graben.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nos Elus {{!}} UNC|url=http://www.unc-rdc.org/?q=node/25|work=www.unc-rdc.org|accessdate=2026-05-23|language=fr|archive-date=2013-12-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131204175323/http://www.unc-rdc.org/?q=node/25|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=MBINDULE MITONO Crispin|url=http://www.assemblee-nationale.cd/v2/?team=mbindule-mitono-crispin|work=RDC - Assemblée Nationale|language=fr-FR|access-date=2026-05-23}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] fk5v7z0yerzg0s0c9oa5rrzg3cpsce4 Yowa Mabinda Kapinga Mbemba 0 237970 1549755 1549054 2026-05-24T12:44:44Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549755 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yowa Mabinda Kapinga Mbemba''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Aliwahi kuwa Kamishna wa [[Utamaduni]] na Sanaa Nzuri wa Zaire.<ref>{{Citation|last=Jr|first=E. J. Kahn|title=Art from Zaïre|date=1975-10-13|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/1975/10/20/art-from-zaire|work=The New Yorker|language=en-US|issn=0028-792X|access-date=2026-05-23}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Congo-Kinshasa Ministers|url=https://www.guide2womenleaders.com/Congo-Kinshasa.htm|work=www.guide2womenleaders.com|accessdate=2026-05-23}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] 8u9lnsoc2eio6grk9nhh6wnws43m8ex Ronald Wimberly 0 237982 1549792 1549119 2026-05-24T13:52:58Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549792 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ronald Wimberly''' (alizaliwa [[Aprili 28]], [[1979]]) ni mchoraji katuni nchini [[Marekani]]. Alichapisha riwaya kadhaa za picha, pamoja na kazi fupi za The New Yorker, DC/Vertigo, [[Nike]], [[Marvel Comics]], Hill and Wang, na Dark Horse Comics.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.syfy.com/syfywire/indie-comic-spotlight-ronald-wimberly-on-prince-of-cats|title=Indie Comic Spotlight: Ronald Wimberly is one of the most breathlessly talented people in comics|last=Horne|first=Karama|date=August 23, 2018|website=SYFY WIRE|language=en|access-date=February 3, 2019|archive-date=2018-08-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180823223419/https://www.syfy.com/syfywire/indie-comic-spotlight-ronald-wimberly-on-prince-of-cats|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1979]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] eyn344rb8k551x9gofhk2jox0f0jfvv Azhar Cachalia 0 237995 1550196 1549094 2026-05-25T07:41:49Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550196 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Azhar Cachalia''' (amezaliwa tarehe 26 Juni 1956) ni jaji mstaafu wa Mahakama ya Rufani ya Afrika Kusini na aliyekuwa [[mwanaharakati]] wa kupinga ubaguzi wa rangi kupitia Umoja wa Kidemokrasia wa Kitaifa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=SCA Judges' CV|url=https://www.justice.gov.za/sca/judges_cv.html|work=www.justice.gov.za|accessdate=2026-05-23|archive-date=2017-01-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170110052124/https://www.justice.gov.za/sca/judges_cv.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Cachalia alizaliwa nchini Scotland na alipata [[elimu]] yake ya shule mjini Benoni, Afrika Kusini. Alisoma katika Chuo Kikuu cha Witwatersrand ambako alipata shahada ya sanaa pamoja na [[shahada]] ya sheria mwaka 1983. Baada ya kuhitimu, alikubaliwa kuwa wakili, na akiwa anafanya [[kazi]] ya uwakili alipata pia stashahada ya juu ya sheria za kodi. Ndugu yake ni Firoz Cachalia, mwanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Race for Concourt judges|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2009-06-21-race-for-concourt-judges/|work=The Mail & Guardian|date=2009-06-21|accessdate=2026-05-23|language=en-ZA|author=Staff Reporter}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1956]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Afrika Kusini]] cc55dzws60tvibv42db486202fursjz Vanitas 0 238005 1549734 1549114 2026-05-24T12:31:10Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549734 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vanitas''' ni aina ya memento mori inayoashiria mpito wa maisha, ubatili wa raha, na uhakika wa kifo, na hivyo ubatili wa tamaa na tamaa zote za dunia. Michoro hiyo ilihusisha taswira ya maisha ya vitu vya mpito. Aina hiyo ilianza katika karne ya 16 na kuendelea hadi karne ya 17. Sanaa ya Vanitas ni aina ya sanaa ya mafumbo inayowakilisha bora zaidi. Ilikuwa aina ndogo ya uchoraji iliyoajiriwa sana na wachoraji wa Uholanzi wakati wa kipindi cha Baroque (c.1585-1730). Wachoraji wa Uhispania wanaofanya kazi mwishoni mwa Enzi ya Dhahabu ya Uhispania pia waliunda uchoraji wa vanitas. ==Tuzo== Sanaa ya Vanitas ni aina ya sanaa ya mafumbo inayowakilisha bora zaidi. Ilikuwa aina ndogo ya uchoraji iliyoajiriwa sana na wachoraji wa Uholanzi wakati wa kipindi cha Baroque (c.1585-1730).[1] Wachoraji wa Uhispania wanaofanya kazi mwishoni mwa Enzi ya Dhahabu ya Uhispania pia waliunda uchoraji wa vanitas.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Bible Gateway passage: Ecclesiastes 1 - New International Version |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ecclesiastes%201&version=NIV |access-date=2024-03-26 |website=Bible Gateway |language=en}}</ref> ==Maisha ya awali== Sanaa ya Vanitas ni aina ya sanaa ya mafumbo inayowakilisha bora zaidi. Ilikuwa aina ndogo ya uchoraji iliyoajiriwa sana na wachoraji wa Uholanzi wakati wa kipindi cha Baroque (c.1585-1730).[1] Wachoraji wa Uhispania wanaofanya kazi mwishoni mwa Enzi ya Dhahabu ya Uhispania pia waliunda uchoraji wa vanitas. ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} 3ihyddkf8n6037plgdg6zdhy9c68nh5 Willard Watson 0 238014 1549744 1549130 2026-05-24T12:40:44Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1549744 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Willard Watson''' ([[Juni 17]], [[1921]] – [[Juni 12]], [[1995]]), alijulikana pia kwa jina la utani "The Texas Kid", alikuwa [[msanii]] kutoka Caddo Parish, [[Louisiana]], [[Marekani]]<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Pleasant |first=Rae |title=Watson, Willard [The Texas Kid] |url=https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/watson-willard-the-texas-kid |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=Texas State Historical Association (TSHA)}}</ref> . Alikuwa [[Mwafrika]] [[Mwamerika]] alijihusisha na sanaa ya uchoraji.<ref name=":2">{{Rejea kitabu |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7yzaAAAAMAAJ&q=Willard+Watson+(1921%E2%80%931995) |title=Folk Art: Magazine of the Museum of American Folk Art |date=1995 |publisher=Museum of American Folk Art |volume=20 |pages=22 |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1921]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1995]] ffpgkpkhjfcheqnmt645f99yy934imi Sefako Makgatho 0 238023 1549866 1549351 2026-05-24T15:28:58Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1549866 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sefako Mapogo Makgatho''' (1861 – 23 Mei 1951) alizaliwa GaMphahlele katika wilaya ya Pietersburg katika Jamhuri ya [[Afrika]] Kusini (sasa Limpopo). Alikuwa mtoto wa Chifu Kgorutlhe Josiah Makgatho wa ukoo wa Makgatho wa GaMphahlele. Kabla ya kuingia katika siasa, Makgatho alikuwa mwalimu na mwandishi wa habari. Baadaye alijiunga na South African Native National Congress, ambayo baadaye ilijulikana kama African National Congress. Alihudumu kama rais wa chama hicho mnamo 1917, wakati wa mwisho wa Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya [[Dunia]]. Akiwa rais, alijitahidi kuhakikisha ANC inabaki kuwa nguvu muhimu katika mapambano dhidi ya ubaguzi wa rangi. Wakati wa uongozi wake, ANC ilianza kuwa na msimamo mkali zaidi na ilimuunga mkono wafanyakazi waliogoma, ikiwemo mgomo wa wafanyakazi wa [[manispaa]] na wa wachimbaji wa madini Johannesburg. Mwaka 1923 alilazimika kujiuzulu nafasi ya urais na akachukuliwa na Z. K. Mahabane, lakini aliendelea kuwa na ushawishi mkubwa katika tawi la Transvaal la ANC hadi miaka ya 1930. Alifariki tarehe 23 Mei 1951 akiwa na umri wa miaka 90. Kwa heshima yake, Nelson Mandela alimpa mwanawe jina lake.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Sefako Mapogo Makgatho (Posthumous) {{!}} The Presidency|url=https://www.thepresidency.gov.za/national-orders/recipient/sefako-mapogo-makgatho-posthumous|work=www.thepresidency.gov.za|accessdate=2026-05-23|language=en|author=Absol Internet Business Solutions|archive-date=2023-02-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218172826/https://www.thepresidency.gov.za/national-orders/recipient/sefako-mapogo-makgatho-posthumous|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1861]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1951]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] nppueedq0kusotjamaqt5ac3u1yet1p William H. Belpitt 0 238026 1549747 1549150 2026-05-24T12:41:14Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549747 wikitext text/x-wiki '''William Henry Belpitt''' (3 Mei 1860 – 30 Novemba 1912) alikuwa baharia wa Jeshi la Wanamaji la [[Marekani]] na mpokeaji wa tuzo ya juu zaidi ya kijeshi ya Marekani, yaani Medali ya Heshima ya Marekani. == Maisha ya awali == Belpitt alizaliwa tarehe 3 Mei 1859 katika Ryde, New South Wales nchini Australia. Kufikia tarehe 7 Oktoba 1884, alikuwa akihudumu katika Jeshi la Wanamaji la Marekani akiwa na cheo cha *Captain of the Afterguard* ndani ya meli ya USS Monocacy (1864). Siku hiyo, meli ikiwa katika eneo la Fuzhou, China, alijitosa majini na kumuokoa mwanaume wa Kichina ambaye alikuwa ameanguka majini baada ya mtumbwi wake kupinduka. Kwa kitendo hicho, alitunukiwa Medali ya Heshima ya Marekani. == Nukuu ya tuzo == Nukuu rasmi ya Medali ya Heshima inasema: Akiwa ndani ya USS Monocacy, Foochow, China, 7 Oktoba 1884, Belpitt alijitosa majini kutoka kwenye meli hiyo na kumshikilia hadi alipookolewa mwanaume wa Kichina aliyekuwa ameanguka majini baada ya mtumbwi wake kupinduka. Baadaye alirejea Australia, ambako alifariki tarehe 29 Novemba 1912 huko Rookwood, New South Wales na kuzikwa tarehe 2 Desemba 1912 katika makaburi ya Rookwood Catholic Cemeteries and Crematoria.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=[http://www.mohhsus.com/medal-of-honor/list-by-alphabet-2/list-by-alphabet-a-b-c-d-e|title](http://www.mohhsus.com/medal-of-honor/list-by-alphabet-2/list-by-alphabet-a-b-c-d-e|title) = List by Alphabet ( A-E ) » Medal of Honor Historical Society of the United States}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1860|1912}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Australia]] 0nclpeb1merys8yxp2dxd2s8a319v00 Vusumzi Make 0 238027 1549740 1549151 2026-05-24T12:34:16Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1549740 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vusumzi Linda Make''' (8 Septemba 1934 – 15 Aprili 2006) alikuwa [[mwanasheria]], msomi, na mwanaharakati wa kupinga [[ubaguzi]] wa rangi (apartheid) kutoka Afrika Kusini. Baada ya kwenda uhamishoni mwaka 1958, alikuwa kiongozi mashuhuri katika chama cha Pan Africanist Congress (PAC), akikiwakilisha chama hicho nje ya nchi na kuhudumu kama mwenyekiti wake mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1970. Make pia alifanya kazi katika taaluma ya usomi, akifundisha katika Chuo Kikuu cha Liberia, na anakumbukwa pia kwa uhusiano wake na mwandishi maarufu Maya Angelou.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=http://archive.org/details/mayaangelouglori00gill|title=Maya Angelou|last=Marcia Gillespie|date=2007|publisher=Doubleday|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-385-51108-7}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=White |first=Alex |date=2024-11 |title=The caged bird sings of freedom: Maya Angelou’s anti-colonial journalism in the United Arab Republic and Ghana, 1961–1965 |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-global-history/article/caged-bird-sings-of-freedom-maya-angelous-anticolonial-journalism-in-the-united-arab-republic-and-ghana-19611965/32A6AA4DB32190D3BADC592D4ED78EED#article |journal=Journal of Global History |language=en |volume=19 |issue=3 |pages=421–438 |doi=10.1017/S1740022823000293 |issn=1740-0228}}</ref> == Maisha ya Awali == Vusumzi Make alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1934 huko Boksburg, Transvaal, ambapo [[baba]] yake alifanya kazi kama mhubiri. Baadaye, familia yake ilihamia Evaton, na Make akasomea sheria kupitia masomo ya masafa yaliyoandaliwa na Chuo Kikuu cha Afrika Kusini (UNISA). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1931]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2006]] 5egkjg1rjhvall1yv854ffwva0fou8x Zandile Majozi 0 238030 1549757 1549156 2026-05-24T12:45:39Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1549757 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zandile Majozi''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini ambaye alikuwa Mbunge katika [[bunge]] la Afrika Kusini kwenye uchaguzi mkuu wa 2019 kama mwakilishi wa chama cha Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP). == Kazi ya Kibunge == Mnamo mwaka 2019, Majozi aligombea [[uchaguzi]] wa Bunge la Kitaifa la Afrika Kusini akiwa nafasi ya 5 kwenye orodha ya wagombea wa kikanda kuelekea kitaifa wa chama cha IFP. Katika uchaguzi huo, alishinda kiti katika Bunge la Kitaifa.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=People's Assembly|url=http://www.pa.org.za/election/2019/national/party/ifp/|work=www.pa.org.za|accessdate=2026-05-23|language=en|author=Contact us People's Assembly Tel:465 8885 Fax:465 8887 2nd Floor 9 Church Square Parliament Street Cape Town 8001 South Africa}}</ref> Baada ya kuchaguliwa, Majozi alipangiwa kuhudumu katika kamati zifuatazo: Kamati ya Muungano wa Vyama Vingi ya Wanawake (Multi-Party Women's Caucus), Kamati ya Kisekta ya Mawasiliano, na Kamati ya Kisekta ya [[Polisi]]. Mnamo tarehe 21 Juni 2021, Majozi alikuwa mjumbe wa Kamati ya Uchunguzi ya Kifungu cha 194 (Section 194 Enquiry), ambayo ilianzishwa ili kubaini utimamu wa Mlinzi wa Umma (Public Protector) Busisiwe Mkhwebane wa kushika madaraka. Wakati wa uchaguzi mkuu wa 2024, Majozi alichaguliwa tena kwenda Bungeni kupitia orodha ya kitaifa ya chama cha IFP.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=The 400 MPs elected to the National Assembly - IEC - DOCUMENTS {{!}} Politicsweb|url=https://www.politicsweb.co.za/documents/the-400-mps-elected-to-the-national-assembly--iec|work=www.politicsweb.co.za|accessdate=2026-05-23|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] dls1prihib3h8vpqqp0r1ru7sukbx0r William Bittman 0 238036 1549746 1549165 2026-05-24T12:41:04Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1549746 wikitext text/x-wiki '''William Omar Bittman''' (6 Agosti 1931 – 1 Machi 2001) alikuwa wakili [[Marekani|Mmarekani]] wa kesi za mahakama (trial lawyer) na mwendesha mashtaka wa shirikisho (federal prosecutor). Anajulikana zaidi kwa kumfungulia mashitaka rais wa Chama cha Teamsters, Jimmy Hoffa. Bittman pia ametajwa katika kitabu cha 1974 cha Carl Bernstein na Bob Woodward, All the President's Men, kinachoelezea uchunguzi wa kashfa ya Watergate iliyosababisha kujiuzulu kwa Rais [[Richard Nixon]].<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|last1=Bernstein|first1=Carl|title=All the President's Men|last2=Woodward|first2=Bob|publisher=Simon & Schuster|year=1974|isbn=0-671-21781-X|location=New York, NY|pages=34}}</ref> William Omar Bittman alizaliwa mwaka 1931 huko [[Milwaukee, Wisconsin]]. Alitumikia katika United States Navy kwa miaka miwili wakati wa Korean War. Baadaye alisoma katika Marquette University ambapo alikuwa nahodha wa timu ya soka ya chuo kabla ya kuhitimu mwaka 1956. Mwaka 1959 alihitimu kwa heshima kutoka DePaul University College of Law.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea habari|last=Smith|first=J.Y.|date=March 3, 2001|title=Lawyer William O. Bittman Dies|url=[https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/2001/03/03/lawyer-william-o-bittman-dies/6a5afdb5-70ab-43ed-b48f-ac3601e1d9ce/|access-date=June](https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/2001/03/03/lawyer-william-o-bittman-dies/6a5afdb5-70ab-43ed-b48f-ac3601e1d9ce/|access-date=June) 12, 2020|newspaper=The Washington Post}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1931|2001}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] ru2cy6yyr8k1vdbci0491kdt9zwow39 Enos Mabuza 0 238082 1550263 1549332 2026-05-25T10:29:25Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550263 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Enos John Nganani Mabuza''' (6 Juni 1939 – 13 Desemba 1997) alikuwa mwalimu, [[mwanasiasa]], na mtendaji mkuu wa [[biashara]] wa Afrika Kusini.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Enos Mabuza {{!}} South African History Online|url=https://sahistory.org.za/people/enos-mabuza|work=sahistory.org.za|accessdate=2026-05-23|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Citypress Sunday 21 December 1997 p. 16:|url=http://m24arg02.naspers.com/argief/berigte/citypress/1997/12/21/16/3.html|work=m24arg02.naspers.com|accessdate=2026-05-23|archive-date=2014-07-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727140522/http://m24arg02.naspers.com/argief/berigte/citypress/1997/12/21/16/3.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Maisha ya awali == Mabuza alizaliwa katika mgodi wa dhahabu wa Sheba huko Barberton mnamo tarehe 6 Juni 1939. Alisoma shule hadi darasa la nane (Standard eight) na baada ya hapo alitunukiwa diploma ya ualimu wa shule za msingi huko Vryheid, Natal. Kisha alisoma kwa kujitegemea kwa ajili ya masomo yake ya sekondari (matric), na mnamo mwaka 1978 alitunukiwa shahada ya uzamili ya [[heshima]] (honours degree) katika saikolojia kupitia Chuo Kikuu cha Afrika Kusini (UNISA). Mabuza pia alihudumu kama mkuu wa baraza la watendaji (kuanzia 23 Juni 1977 hadi 18 Juni 1982 na 9 Desemba 1982 hadi 31 Agosti 1984) na [[waziri]] mkuu (kuanzia 31 Agosti 1984 hadi 1 Aprili 1991) wa [[jimbo]] la Bantustan la KaNgwane nchini Afrika Kusini. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1939]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1997]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] 5i75c80htqslspf2zy9adbedr8f420f Ali Orumian 0 238084 1550152 1549271 2026-05-25T06:00:46Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550152 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sheikh''' '''Ali Orumian''' (1932 – 23 Januari 2024) alikuwa kiongozi wa kidini wa [[Iran]] mwenye cheo cha [[Ayatollah]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=14 February 2014|title=علی ارومیان نماینده آذربایجان شرقی در مجلس خبرگان رهبری - شبکه اجتهاد|url=http://ijtihadnet.ir/5181-2/|access-date=24 January 2022|website=ijtihadnet.ir|language=fa|archive-date=2022-01-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125032143/http://ijtihadnet.ir/5181-2/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Alihudumu katika awamu ya [[Orodha ya wajumbe wa Awamu ya Pili ya Baraza la Wataalamu|pili]] na ya [[Orodha ya wajumbe wa Awamu ya Tatu ya Baraza la Wataalamu|tatu]] ya [[Baraza la Wataalamu la Iran]] (Assembly of Experts), pamoja na awamu ya pili ya [[Bunge la Iran]] akiwakilisha [[Mkoa wa Azerbaijan Mashariki]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=19 October 2015 |title=1990 Assembly of Experts Election |url=http://www.princeton.edu/irandataportal/elections/experts/1990/ |access-date=24 January 2022 |website= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151019162413/http://www.princeton.edu/irandataportal/elections/experts/1990/ |archive-date=19 October 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=19 October 2015 |title=1998 Assembly of Experts Election |url=http://www.princeton.edu/irandataportal/elections/experts/1998/ |access-date=24 January 2022 |website= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151019162413/http://www.princeton.edu/irandataportal/elections/experts/1998/ |archive-date=19 October 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Names of the members in the Islamic Consultative Assembly|url=http://iribresearch.ir/entekhabat/danestani/asami.pdf|access-date=25 January 2022|archive-date=25 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125032139/http://iribresearch.ir/entekhabat/danestani/asami.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1932|2024}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] i5pg2qqzye6jqw8iz7nhdcvkz3gp29w Vincent Valdez 0 238086 1549736 1549273 2026-05-24T12:32:35Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549736 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vincent Valdez''' (alizaliwa [[1977]]) ni [[msanii]] nchini [[Marekani]] alizaliwa [[San Antonio, Texas]], aliyejikita katika [[uchoraji]] na uchapishaji. Sanaa yake ni ya kiwakilishi na mara nyingi hutumia aina ya picha ya watu . Valdez mara nyingi alisisitiza mada za haki za kijamii, kumbukumbu, na masimulizi ya kihistoria yaliyopuuzwa au yasiyochunguzwa vya kutosha.<ref name="VINCENT VALDEZ">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://vincentvaldezart.com/cv-/cv|title=VINCENT VALDEZ|website=vincentvaldezart.com|language=en-us|access-date=2018-07-24|archive-date=May 26, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180526190259/https://www.vincentvaldezart.com/cv-/cv|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1977]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] tr4vy6k7q07dxymmpqzv8bk5sg54tzq Zunaid Kotwal 0 238097 1549760 1549292 2026-05-24T12:47:23Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549760 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zunaid Kotwal''' (alizaliwa 1 Novemba 1960) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini ambaye aliwakilisha chama cha African National Congress (ANC) katika [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa kutoka mwaka 1999 hadi 2009, akichaguliwa katika [[uchaguzi]] mkuu wa mwaka 1999 na ule wa mwaka 2004. Alikuwa akiwakilisha eneo bunge la Mpumalanga. == Maisha ya Binafsi == Ameoa na mke wake anaitwa Ruwaida Kotwal. Mnamo Novemba 2003, [[mtoto]] wao wa mwisho wa kiume, aliyekuwa na [[umri]] wa miaka miwili, alifariki dunia kwa kuzama kwenye bwawa la kuogelea la jumuiya katika makazi ya wabunge (parliamentary village) huko Pelican Park, Cape Town.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title='Open gate led to toddler's drowning'|url=https://iol.co.za/news/south-africa/2003-11-13-open-gate-led-to-toddlers-drowning/|work=IOL|date=2245-05-26|accessdate=2026-05-23|language=en|author=Kashiefa Ajam}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1960]] 9o899k6oss0xnw5adf5xl87pondia81 Francois Jacobsz 0 238108 1550268 1549342 2026-05-25T10:55:47Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550268 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Francois Paul Jacobsz''' alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini aliyewakilisha chama cha National Party (NP) bungeni. Alihudumu katika Baraza la Wakuu (House of Assembly) wakati wa enzi za [[ubaguzi]] wa rangi (apartheid), akiwakilisha eneo [[bunge]] lililopo katika mkoa wa zamani wa Transvaal.<ref>{{Citation|title=PW to vote for FF+ {{!}} News24|url=https://www.news24.com/news24/pw-to-vote-for-ff-20040411|work=News24|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-23}}</ref> Baadaye, alichaguliwa tena kuwa mbunge katika Bunge jipya la Kitaifa katika [[uchaguzi]] mkuu wa kwanza wa kidemokrasia na wa kihistoria nchini [[Afrika]] Kusini mnamo mwaka 1994. Hata hivyo, hakumaliza muhula wake wote wa ubunge.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=National Assembly - Members|url=http://www.parliament.gov.za/mps/mps.html|work=www.parliament.gov.za|accessdate=2026-05-23|author=ANC Input|archive-date=1998-06-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19980628034746/http://www.parliament.gov.za/mps/mps.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] 3xx9jddhgrysdajr88owksgp85pfm20 Geoff Doidge 0 238114 1550274 1549348 2026-05-25T11:12:20Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550274 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Geoffrey Quinton Michael Doidge''' (26 Aprili 1954 – 11 Desemba 2022)<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Mr Geoff Doidge|url=http://www.sabinetlaw.co.za/mr-geoff-doidge-0|work=www.sabinetlaw.co.za|accessdate=2026-05-23|language=en|archive-date=2016-03-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305171557/http://www.sabinetlaw.co.za/mr-geoff-doidge-0|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Ex-cabinet minister & ambassador, Geoff Doidge has died|url=https://news365.co.za/geoff-doidge/|work=News365.co.za|date=2022-12-11|accessdate=2026-05-23|language=en-US|author=T.D}}</ref> alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini ambaye aliwahi kuhudumu kama [[Balozi]] Mdogo wa Afrika Kusini nchini Sri Lanka (High Commissioner to Sri Lanka). Kabla ya hapo, alihudumu kama [[Waziri]] wa Kazi za Umma (Minister of Public Works) kuanzia tarehe 5 Septemba 2008 hadi tarehe 31 Oktoba 2010.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Zuma announces cabinet reshuffle - Times LIVE|url=http://www.timeslive.co.za/local/article736818.ece/Zuma-announces-cabinet-reshuffle|work=www.timeslive.co.za|accessdate=2026-05-23|language=en}}</ref> == Kazi ya Kisiasa == Doidge alikuwa Naibu Mnadhimu Mkuu wa chama cha African National Congress (ANC) bungeni. Mnamo Januari 2001, aliteuliwa na ANC kuchukua nafasi ya Andrew Feinstein kama [[mwenyekiti]] wa kikundi cha utafiti wa [[hesabu]] za serikali na msemaji rasmi wa ANC katika Kamati ya [[Bunge]] ya Hesabu za Serikali (SCOPA). Mbali na nafasi hizo, Doidge alihudumu pia kama Naibu [[Spika]] wa Bunge la Kitaifa kwa kipindi fulani. Baada ya kumaliza muda wake kama Waziri wa Kazi za Umma, aliteuliwa na Rais Jacob Zuma mnamo mwaka 2011 kuwa Balozi Mdogo nchini Sri Lanka, nafasi aliyoitumikia hadi mwaka 2015. Alifariki dunia mnamo Desemba 2022 akiwa na umri wa miaka 68. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1954]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2022]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] nd3qs19zqrgihiaz8lagodi7i6qqsw4 Willie Fourie 0 238120 1549748 1549361 2026-05-24T12:41:36Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1549748 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Willem Lodewikus Fourie''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] mstaafu wa Afrika Kusini ambaye aliwakilisha chama cha National Party (NP) katika [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa wakati wa Bunge la kwanza la kidemokrasia. Hakuchaguliwa tangu mwanzo katika [[uchaguzi]] mkuu wa mwaka 1994,<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=SOUTH AFRICA: CAMPAIGN AND ELECTION REPORT APRIL 26 ...|url=https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/read/13429370/south-africa-campaign-and-election-report-april-26-|work=yumpu.com|accessdate=2026-05-23|language=en|author=Yumpu.com}}</ref> lakini alijiunga na bunge hilo katikati ya muhula wa kisheria ili kuziba nafasi iliyokuwa wazi. Alikuwa msemaji wa chama cha NP kuhusu masuala ya [[kazi]] na pia alihudumu kama mshauri wa kisheria wa kiongozi wa chama hicho, Marthinus van Schalkwyk.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Why cops probed smear|url=https://mg.co.za/article/1998-05-08-why-cops-probed-smear/|work=The Mail & Guardian|date=1998-05-08|accessdate=2026-05-23|language=en-ZA|author=Staff Reporter}}</ref> Alistaafu siasa katika uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 1999. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] 1g6b6n5ffsbfrp1jxpg34do95bdcfxq Wongama Gela 0 238131 1549749 1549380 2026-05-24T12:42:22Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1549749 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Wongama Gela''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini ambaye alichaguliwa katika [[Bunge]] la Mkoa wa Eastern Cape mnamo mwaka 2024 kama mwakilishi wa chama cha African National Congress (ANC).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Dozens of new MPLs in revised 72-member Bhisho legislature|url=https://www.dailydispatch.co.za/politics/2024-06-12-dozens-of-new-mpls-in-revised-72-member-bhisho-legislature/|work=Daily Dispatch|date=2024-06-12|accessdate=2026-05-23|language=en}}</ref> Kabla ya hapo, alihudumu kama [[meya]] mkuu wa Manispaa ya Wilaya ya Chris Hani (Chris Hani District Municipality) na kama mwenyekiti wa ANC katika mkoa wa Chris Hani. Mnamo Agosti 2023, Gela aliteuliwa kuwa mwanachama wa [[Kamati]] Kuu ya Utendaji ya ANC ya Mkoa, hatua iliyomfanya ajiuzulu nafasi yake ya uenyekiti wa mkoa huo. Baadaye mwezi huo huo, alijiuzulu nafasi ya umeya na kujiunga na [[serikali]] ya mkoa kama mkuu wa wafanyakazi (chief of staff) katika ofisi ya Nonceba Kontsiwe (Mjumbe wa Baraza la Utendaji - MEC). Alidumu katika nafasi hiyo hadi alipochaguliwa kuwa mbunge wa [[bunge]] la mkoa mnamo Juni 2024.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Chris Hani District Municipality's new mayor to focus on water, sanitation in surrounding communities|url=https://novanews.co.za/komani-karoo/chris-hani-district-municipalitys-new-mayor-to-focus-on-water-sanitation-in-surrounding-communities-20230908/|work=Komani Karoo Express|date=2023-09-08|accessdate=2026-05-23|language=en-ZA|author=Zolile Menzelwa}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] r0agbzg2dmuwlq5ga9luwioqawzstrl Val Bjornson 0 238132 1549732 1549382 2026-05-24T12:30:50Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549732 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kristjan Valdimar Bjornson''', anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Val Bjornson''', (29 Agosti 1906 – 10 Machi 1987) alikuwa mwandishi, mhariri wa gazeti, na mwanasiasa wa [[Marekani]] ambaye alihudumu kama Mweka Hazina wa Jimbo la Minnesota (Minnesota State Treasurer) kwa zaidi ya miongo miwili.<ref>{{cite news| url=[https://www.nytimes.com/1987/03/12/obituaries/val-bjornson.html?sec=&spon=](https://www.nytimes.com/1987/03/12/obituaries/val-bjornson.html?sec=&spon=) | work=The New York Times | title=Val Bjornson | date=March 12, 1987 | access-date=May 27, 2010}}</ref> Bjornson alizaliwa katika Minneota, (Minneota) akiwa na asili ya Waamerika wenye asili ya Iceland (Icelandic Americans).<ref>''CQ Weekly Report'', Volume 12, page 1040. Congressional Quarterly, 1954</ref> Wakati wa [[Vita vya Pili vya Dunia]] (World War II), alihudumu katika Idara ya Ujasusi ya Jeshi la Wanamaji la Marekani (Office of Naval Intelligence), akiwa amepangiwa nchini [[Iceland]] (Iceland).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=[http://www.icelandminnesota.com/scholarship.htm](http://www.icelandminnesota.com/scholarship.htm) |title=Iceland Minnesota |access-date=2009-11-20 |archive-date=2010-06-21 |archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20100621060857/http://www.icelandminnesota.com/scholarship.htm](https://web.archive.org/web/20100621060857/http://www.icelandminnesota.com/scholarship.htm) |url-status=dead }}</ref> Mbali na Kiingereza, alikuwa pia anazungumza kwa ufasaha lugha za Kiaislandi, Kifini, Kideni, Kiswidi na Kinorwei.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=|first=|date=September 27, 1954|title=National Affairs: Who Won|magazine=Time|url=[https://time.com/vault/issue/1954-09-27/page/18/|access-date=January](https://time.com/vault/issue/1954-09-27/page/18/|access-date=January) 7, 2021}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1906|1987}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] efij8ib6jwolhvvfw3pnxv140m1ab5y Taghi Riahi 0 238204 1549716 1549510 2026-05-24T12:13:56Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549716 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohammad Taghi Riahi Chaleshtari''' (1911–1989) alikuwa afisa wa juu wa jeshi la [[Irani|Iran]] katika [[Jeshi la Kifahari la Iran]] (Iranian Imperial Army). == Wasifu == Riahi alizaliwa mjini [[Chaleshtar]] mnamo mwaka 1911. Alihitimu kutoka Chuo cha Sanaa cha Tehran. Baadaye alijiunga na chuo cha maafisa wa jeshi na kisha akatumwa nchini Ufaransa kwa ajili ya masomo zaidi ya ufundi mitambo (mechanics) na sayansi ya kijeshi akiwa pamoja na kundi la wanafunzi wenzake. Baada ya kuhitimu, alijiunga rasmi na Jeshi la Kifahari. Mnamo mwaka 1952, alipandishwa cheo na kuwa brigedia jenerali. Aliteuliwa kuwa Mkuu wa Majeshi ya Jeshi la Nchi na Waziri Mkuu [[Mohammad Mossadegh]], akichukua nafasi ya [[Mahmoud Baharmast]] katika wadhifa huo.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Ahmed S. Hashim|title=The Iranian Military in Politics, Revolution and War, Part Two|url=http://mepc.org/journal/middle-east-policy-archives/iranian-military-politics-revolution-and-war-part-two|journal=Middle East Policy Council|volume=XIX|date=Fall 2012|number=3}}</ref> Kipindi chake cha uongozi kilidumu kuanzia tarehe 1 Machi hadi 19 Agosti 1953, wakati [[Mapinduzi ya Iran ya 1953|mapinduzi ya kijeshi]] yalipotokea.<ref>{{citation|entry=List of Persons|title=Foreign Relations of the United States, 1952–1954. Iran|volume=X|access-date=15 January 2017|url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1952-54v10/persons|publisher=Office of the Historian, Bureau of Public Affairs, United States Department of State}}</ref> Kutoka gazeti la ''[[The New York Times]]'':<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=The C.I.A. in Iran: First Few Days Look Disastrous|work=The New York Times|accessdate=24 August 2021 |url=https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/library/world/mideast/041600iran-cia-chapter3.html}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1911|1989}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] s5qwphbrzplb12q9e1ldqkle14bzemv Hadi Rohani 0 238206 1550285 1549592 2026-05-25T11:43:55Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550285 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sheikh Hadi Rohani''' (3 Machi 1924 – 13 Oktoba 1999) alikuwa kiongozi wa kidini wa [[Irani|Iran]] mwenye cheo cha [[Ayatollah]]. Alimwakilisha [[Kiongozi Mkuu wa Iran]] katika [[Mkoa wa Mazandaran]],<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=khomeini|first=Imam|title=حکم رسیدگی به امور منطقه بابل به آقای هادی روحانی&zwnj;|language=Persian|url=http://emam.com/posts/view/posts/view/1797|access-date=2022-01-29|website=Emam.com}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> pamoja na kuwa [[Kiongozi wa Sala ya Ijumaa]] (Imam wa Ijumaa) katika mkoa huo wa Mazandaran.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=khomeini|first=Imam|title=حکم انتصاب آقای هادی روحانی به سمت امامت جمعه بابل&zwnj;|language=Persian|url=http://emam.com/posts/view/posts/view/2072|access-date=2022-01-29|website=Emam.com}}{{Dead link|date=July 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Pia aliwawakilisha wananchi wa Mazandaran katika awamu ya [[Orodha ya wajumbe wa Awamu ya Kwanza ya Baraza la Wataalamu|kwanza]], ya [[Orodha ya wajumbe wa Awamu ya Pili ya Baraza la Wataalamu|pili]] na ya [[Orodha ya wajumbe wa Awamu ya Tatu ya Baraza la Wataalamu|tatu]] ya [[Baraza la Wataalamu la Iran]] (Assembly of Experts).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2015-10-19 |title=1982 Assembly of Experts Election |url=http://www.princeton.edu/irandataportal/elections/experts/1982/ |access-date=2022-01-29 |website= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151019162414/http://www.princeton.edu/irandataportal/elections/experts/1982/ |archive-date=19 October 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2015-10-19 |title=1990 Assembly of Experts Election |url=http://www.princeton.edu/irandataportal/elections/experts/1990/ |access-date=2022-01-29 |website= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151019162413/http://www.princeton.edu/irandataportal/elections/experts/1990/ |archive-date=19 October 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2015-10-19 |title=1998 Assembly of Experts Election |url=http://www.princeton.edu/irandataportal/elections/experts/1998/ |access-date=2022-01-29 |website= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151019162413/http://www.princeton.edu/irandataportal/elections/experts/1998/ |archive-date=19 October 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1924|1999}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] s3lhfr1b43k6wgi3xg0z13utwd4qczb Toshitada Doi 0 238284 1549724 1549653 2026-05-24T12:21:13Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549724 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Toshitada Doi''' (土井 利忠; amezaliwa 2 Februari 1943) ni mhandisi wa umeme kutoka [[Japani]] (Japan), aliyekuwa na mchango mkubwa katika mapinduzi ya teknolojia ya sauti ya kidijitali. Alipata shahada ya uhandisi wa umeme kutoka (Tokyo Institute of Technology) mwaka 1964, na shahada ya uzamivu (PhD) kutoka (Tohoku University) mwaka 1972. Alijiunga na kampuni ya [[Sony]] (Sony) mwaka 1964 na kuanzisha mradi wa kwanza wa sauti ya kidijitali ndani ya kampuni hiyo. Alikuwa mmoja wa watu muhimu nyuma ya maendeleo ya PCM adaptor, na alikuwa mwanachama mashuhuri wa kikosi kazi cha Sony na Philips kilichohusika na kubuni Compact Disc (CD).<ref>{{cite journal |title=Appetite for Self-Destruction: The Rise and Fall of the Record Industry in the Digital Age |year=2009 |url=[https://archive.org/details/appetiteforselfd00knop_0](https://archive.org/details/appetiteforselfd00knop_0) |url-access=registration |author=Steve Knopper |publisher=Free Press/Simon & Schuster }}</ref> Pia alibuni mfumo wa kurekebisha hitilafu unaojulikana kama CIRC.<ref>{{cite web|url=[http://www.seeeach.com/doc/199857_PRESS_INFORMATION|title=The](http://www.seeeach.com/doc/199857_PRESS_INFORMATION|title=The) Compact Disc Turns 25 by Robert Harley|accessdate=2009-08-18}}</ref> Yeye pamoja na Kees Schouhamer Immink walikanusha dhana kwamba muda wa kucheza wa Compact Disc uliamuliwa na Symphony ya Tisa ya Beethoven.<ref name="Imminknature">{{Rejea jarida |journal=Nature Electronics |volume=1 |date=2018 |title=How we made the compact disc |author=K.A. Schouhamer Immink |authorlink=Kees Schouhamer Immink |url=[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324571504](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324571504) |accessdate=2018-04-16 |quote=An international collaboration between Philips and the Sony Corporation lead to the creation of the compact disc. The author explains how it came about }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1943|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Japani]] gwb4m58vv9kqovges12r383134tv0mu Daisuke Inoue 0 238287 1549878 1549657 2026-05-24T15:49:27Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 3 template(s) replaced. 1549878 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Daisuke Inoue''' ({{lang|ja|井上 大佑}}; Inoue Daisuke, alizaliwa 10 Mei 1940) ni mfanyabiashara wa [[Japani]] anayejulikana zaidi kama mvumbuzi wa mashine ya karaoke. Daisuke Inoue alikuwa mwanamuziki katika ujana wake na alifanya kazi ya kuwasindikiza wafanyabiashara waliotaka kuimba katika baa. Alibuni mashine ya karaoke ili kuwawezesha kuimba bila kuhitaji wanamuziki wa moja kwa moja kuwapa muziki wa usindikizaji. Ingawa hakusajili hati miliki (patent) ya mashine hiyo na hivyo hakupata faida kubwa moja kwa moja kutokana na uvumbuzi wake, aliendelea kufanya kazi katika sekta ya karaoke. Baadaye alisajili hati miliki ya dawa ya kuzuia wadudu iliyotumika kulinda mashine za karaoke. Mwaka 1999, jarida la ''Time'' lilimtaja kuwa mmoja wa “Waasia Wenye Ushawishi Mkubwa wa Karne”. Pia alitunukiwa Tuzo ya Amani ya Ig Nobel mwaka 2004, na mwaka 2005 maisha yake yalitumiwa kama msingi wa filamu ya wasifu ya Kijapani iliyoitwa ''Karaoke''. Hata hivyo, tafiti za baadaye zimeonyesha kuwa kulikuwa na watu wengine waliobuni na kuuza mashine za karaoke kabla ya Inoue.<ref>{{Rejea jarida|title=Selection from TOP 100 Japanese Innovations of "Karaoke"|url=[https://www.jpo.go.jp/torikumi_e/kokusai_e/training/enishi/theme/No11_December2015_11.pdf|journal=IP](https://www.jpo.go.jp/torikumi_e/kokusai_e/training/enishi/theme/No11_December2015_11.pdf|journal=IP) Friends Connections|date=Desemba 2015|number=11|access-date=19 Februari 2019|archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20190109014209/https://www.jpo.go.jp/torikumi_e/kokusai_e/training/enishi/theme/No11_December2015_11.pdf|archive-date=9](https://web.archive.org/web/20190109014209/https://www.jpo.go.jp/torikumi_e/kokusai_e/training/enishi/theme/No11_December2015_11.pdf|archive-date=9) Januari 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=[http://www.karaoke.or.jp/03nenpyo/|title=History](http://www.karaoke.or.jp/03nenpyo/|title=History) of Karaoke|website=All-Japan Karaoke Industrialist Association|access-date=19 Februari 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Karaoke hishi : sōi kufū no sekai kakumei|last1=Ugaya |first1=Hiromichi (烏賀陽弘道) |date=2008 |publisher=Shinchōsha |isbn=9784106102929|location=Tōkyō|oclc=291123688}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1940|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Japani]] 71a0yd374m5ixucya9lizl0u4w1n4xb Tohru Kino 0 238289 1549723 1549660 2026-05-24T12:20:27Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549723 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tohru Kino''' ({{lang|ja|木野 亨}}; Kino Tōru) ni mwanakemia na mwanafamasia wa [[Japani]] anayejulikana zaidi kwa kugundua dawa ya tacrolimus. Tohru Kino alipokuwa akifanya kazi katika Kampuni ya Fujisawa Pharmaceutical katika miaka ya 1980 (sasa Astellas Pharma), yeye pamoja na wenzake waligundua kwamba FK-506, ambayo sasa inajulikana kama ''tacrolimus'', inayozalishwa na bakteria wa ardhini aitwaye ''Streptomyces tsukubaensis'', ingeweza kutumika kama dawa ya immunosuppressive, yaani dawa ya kupunguza nguvu ya mfumo wa kinga ya mwili.<ref>{{Rejea jarida | pmid = 2445721 | year = 1987 | last1 = Kino | first1 = T | title = FK-506, a novel immunosuppressant isolated from a Streptomyces. I. Fermentation, isolation, and physico-chemical and biological characteristics | journal = The Journal of Antibiotics | volume = 40 | issue = 9 | pages = 1249–1255 | last2 = Hatanaka | first2 = H | last3 = Hashimoto | first3 = M | last4 = Nishiyama | first4 = M | last5 = Goto | first5 = T | last6 = Okuhara | first6 = M | last7 = Kohsaka | first7 = M | last8 = Aoki | first8 = H | last9 = Imanaka | first9 = H | doi=10.7164/antibiotics.40.1249 | doi-access = free }}</ref> Ugunduzi huo ulikuwa muhimu sana katika tiba za upandikizaji wa viungo vya mwili, kwani dawa hiyo husaidia kuzuia mwili kukataa kiungo kilichopandikizwa. Kutokana na mafanikio hayo, mwaka 2004 Kino alipokea Tuzo ya Waziri Mkuu wa Japani kutoka Taasisi ya Japani ya Ubunifu na Uvumbuzi.<ref>[[http://koueki.jiii.or.jp/hyosho/zenkoku/pastichiran_pdf/h16zenkoku.pdf](http://koueki.jiii.or.jp/hyosho/zenkoku/pastichiran_pdf/h16zenkoku.pdf) 全国発明表彰 平成16年受賞者一覧 第一表彰区分] {{in lang|ja}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Japani]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 5h550gcd58w6u173vw3i68d1jb4y8k7 Shigetaka Kurita 0 238291 1549710 1549664 2026-05-24T12:06:01Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549710 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shigetaka Kurita''' ({{lang|ja|栗田 穣崇}}; alizaliwa 9 Mei 1972, Mkoa wa Gifu , [[Japani]]) ni mbunifu wa miingiliano ya kompyuta (interface designer) kutoka Japani ambaye mara nyingi anatajwa kwa mchango wake wa awali katika uundaji wa seti za emoji. Shigetaka Kurita alikuwa sehemu ya timu iliyounda mojawapo ya mifumo ya awali ya emoji iliyotumiwa kwa mawasiliano ya kidijitali. Mara nyingi anajulikana kama “baba wa emoji”, ingawa utafiti wa baadaye umefafanua kuwa emoji zilikuwa na michango ya watu na mifumo kadhaa kabla na baada ya kazi yake. Akiwa katika kampuni ya NTT DoCoMo, Kurita alihusika katika uundaji wa pictogramu zilizotumiwa kwenye pagers zilizolenga vijana. Moja ya alama za awali alizochangia zilijumuisha aikoni ya moyo, ambayo baadaye ilikuja kujulikana kama Red Heart emoji. Hili maendeleo pamoja na athari za matumizi yake vilimfanya Kurita kubuni seti ya emoji 176 zenye rangi.<ref name="Feeney-2025">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Feeney |first=Mark |author-link=Mark Feeney |date=23 Julai 2025 |title=At MoMA, designs for living |url=[https://www.bostonglobe.com/2025/07/23/arts/moma-designs-living/](https://www.bostonglobe.com/2025/07/23/arts/moma-designs-living/) |archive-url=[https://archive.today/20250724091754/https://www.bostonglobe.com/2025/07/23/arts/moma-designs-living/](https://archive.today/20250724091754/https://www.bostonglobe.com/2025/07/23/arts/moma-designs-living/) |archive-date=24 Julai 2025 |access-date=31 Julai 2025 |website=[[The Boston Globe]]}}</ref> Baadhi ya emoji za matumizi ya jumla zinazotumika leo katika mfumo wa [[Unicode]] zinaweza kufuatiliwa moja kwa moja kutoka kwenye seti hiyo ya awali ya Kurita. Hii inaonyesha kuwa mchango wake ulikuwa msingi muhimu katika maendeleo ya lugha ya emoji inayotumika duniani. Kwa sasa, Kurita anafanya kazi katika kampuni ya Dwango Co. Ltd, kampuni ya michezo ya Japani iliyo chini ya Kadokawa Dwango Corporation. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Japani]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] iovj687plzyvzp3eaoshua6aw7ve86r Kōnosuke Matsushita 0 238292 1549939 1549666 2026-05-24T18:10:52Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549939 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kōnosuke Matsushita''' (Kijapani: 松下 幸之助; 27 Novemba 1894 – 27 Aprili 1989) alikuwa mjasiriamali na mfanyabiashara wa [[Kijapani]] aliyeanzisha kampuni ya Panasonic, mojawapo ya kampuni kubwa zaidi za vifaa vya elektroniki vya watumiaji nchini Japani na duniani. Matsushita anajulikana kama “'''Mungu wa Usimamizi'''” nchini Japani kutokana na mchango wake mkubwa katika falsafa na mbinu za uongozi wa biashara.<ref>{{cite news|title=The "God of Management" Explained How to Practice the Spirit of Capitalism|url=[http://eng.the-liberty.com/2015/5649/|accessdate=24](http://eng.the-liberty.com/2015/5649/|accessdate=24) Septemba 2021|work=The Liberty|date=3 Februari 2005}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea kitabu |last=Kotter |first=John P. |title=Matsushita Leadership: Lessons from the 20th Century's Most Remarkable Entrepreneur |date=1997 |publisher=Free Press |isbn=0-684-83460-X |location=New York}}</ref> Kupitia kampuni yake, alichangia kwa kiasi kikubwa maendeleo ya sekta ya vifaa vya elektroniki na ukuaji wa uchumi wa Japani katika karne ya 20. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1894|1989}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Japani]] rhpzrj2nwfmjty344t5o2xx5kjh4xdd Mabel F. Taylor 0 238293 1549948 1549670 2026-05-24T18:25:35Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549948 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mabel Francis Taylor''' ([[1866]] huko Kingswood – [[1947]] huko Surrey pia alijulikana kama '''M. F. Taylor''') alikuwa [[mchoraji]] katuni nchini [[Uingereza]] aliyejulikana zaidi kwa kuonyesha safu ya katuni "Jungle Jinks", ambayo ilikuwa safu ya katuni ya Uingereza iliyodumu kwa muda mrefu zaidi hadi [[1954]].<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|last=Knudde|first=Kjell|date=2020-02-12|title=Mabel F. Taylor|url=https://www.lambiek.net/artists/t/taylor_mabel_f.htm|access-date=2021-03-22|website=Lambiek|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1866]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1947]] q49ooghilbumd4k7pguxe04en54mhgu Kokichi Mikimoto 0 238294 1549935 1549672 2026-05-24T18:05:23Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549935 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kokichi Mikimoto''' ({{lang|ja|御木本 幸吉}}; Mikimoto Kōkichi; 25 Januari 1858 – 21 Septemba 1954) alikuwa mfanyabiashara wa [[Japani]] anayesifika kwa kuhusishwa na uundaji wa kwanza wa cultured pearl (lulu za kufugwa kwa njia ya kisayansi) na kuanzisha sekta ya biashara ya lulu za kufugwa kupitia kampuni yake ya kifahari ya Mikimoto. Kokichi Mikimoto alichangia pakubwa katika maendeleo ya tasnia ya lulu kwa kuendeleza mbinu ya kuzalisha lulu kwa njia ya kudhibitiwa badala ya kuzitafuta baharini pekee. Mbinu hii ilibadilisha kabisa soko la lulu duniani na kufanya lulu kupatikana kwa wingi zaidi. Kupitia kampuni yake ya Mikimoto, aliweka msingi wa biashara ya kimataifa ya lulu za kifahari, ambazo hadi leo zinahusishwa na Aliingizwa katika Nyumba ya Mabwana (House of Peers) kwa amri ya kifalme, na baadaye akatunukiwa kwa heshima ya juu ya Grand Cordon ya Order of the Sacred Treasure baada ya kifo chake.<ref name="mikimoto-cosme.com"/> Tarehe 18 Aprili 1985, Japan Patent Office ilimchagua kuwa miongoni mwa Ten Japanese Great Inventors.<ref>{{cite web |url=[https://www.jpo.go.jp/e/introduction/rekishi/10hatsumeika/](https://www.jpo.go.jp/e/introduction/rekishi/10hatsumeika/) |title=Ten Japanese Great Inventors |publisher=Japan Patent Office}}</ref><ref name="mikimoto-cosme.com">{{Rejea tovuti |url=[http://www.mikimoto-cosme.com/en/company/history.html](http://www.mikimoto-cosme.com/en/company/history.html) |title=Philosophy and History – Company Information |publisher = Mikimoto Cosmetics |access-date=9 Desemba 2011 |archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20120228074359/http://www.mikimoto-cosme.com/en/company/history.html](https://web.archive.org/web/20120228074359/http://www.mikimoto-cosme.com/en/company/history.html) |archive-date=28 Februari 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ubora na hadhi ya juu. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Japani]] f9751xndusbbmpyvw0438371butctd2 Fumiko Minami 0 238296 1549894 1549675 2026-05-24T16:25:35Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549894 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fumiko Minami''' (1913/1914 – 1959) alikuwa mwanamke wa [[Kijapani]] wa nyumbani (housewife) ambaye alichangia katika uvumbuzi wa jiko la umeme la kupikia wali (electric rice cooker). == Maisha == Fumiko alizaliwa mwaka 1913/1914 katika familia ya tabaka la juu la wapiganaji wa zamani wa Japani. Baadaye alihamia Tokyo pamoja na baba yake baada ya familia kupoteza mali zao. Akiwa anafanya kazi katika mgahawa, alikutana na Yoshitada Minami ([[:ja:三並義忠|Minami Yoshitada]]),<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Witness History - The invention of the automatic electric rice cooker - BBC Sounds |url=[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/w3ct74mk](https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/w3ct74mk) |access-date=19 Agosti 2025 |website=BBC Sounds |language=en-GB}}</ref> ambaye alikuwa mmiliki wa kiwanda kidogo cha familia kilichotengeneza majiko ya kuchemshia maji kwa ajili ya kampuni ya Toshiba. Walifunga ndoa na kupata watoto sita.<ref name=":0">{{Citation |last=Macnaughtan |first=Helen |title=Building up Steam as Consumers: Women, Rice Cookers and the Consumption of Everyday Household Goods in Japan |date=2012 |work=The Historical Consumer: Consumption and Everyday Life in Japan, 1850–2000 |pages=79–104 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |doi=10.1057/9780230367340_4#citeas |isbn=978-0-230-36734-0 }}</ref> Fumiko anahusishwa na mchango wa mapema katika wazo na maendeleo ya teknolojia ya jiko la umeme la kupikia wali, ambalo baadaye lilibadilisha sana maisha ya nyumbani nchini Japani. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1913|1959}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Japani]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Japani]] 878isk3ue8toth8psduwuteu6j8y3j6 Yoshiro Nakamatsu 0 238297 1549751 1549676 2026-05-24T12:44:24Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549751 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yoshiro Nakamatsu''' (Kijapani: 中松 義郎; alizaliwa 26 Juni 1928), anayejulikana pia kama '''Dr. NakaMats''' (ドクター中松), ni mvumbuzi wa [[Kijapani]]. Hujitokeza mara kwa mara katika vipindi vya mahojiano (talk shows) nchini Japani akionyesha uvumbuzi wake mbalimbali. Nakamatsu pia anajulikana kama mgombea wa kudumu (perennial candidate) katika siasa za Japani, akiwa amegombea uchaguzi mara kwa mara tangu mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1990. == Mbinu ya ubunifu == Katika mahojiano mbalimbali, Nakamatsu ameeleza “mchakato wake wa ubunifu”, unaohusisha kusikiliza muziki na hatimaye kuzama majini, ambapo anadai hupata mawazo yake bora zaidi. Kisha huyarekodi akiwa chini ya maji.<ref name="pingmag">{{cite web |url=[http://www.pingmag.jp/2006/10/20/twilight-zone-dr-nakamats-inventions/](http://www.pingmag.jp/2006/10/20/twilight-zone-dr-nakamats-inventions/) |title=An interview with Dr. Yoshiro Nakamatsu |publisher=Pingmag.jp}}</ref> Anadai kuwa ukosefu wa oksijeni kwenye ubongo wakati wa kuzama humsaidia kufikia mawazo ya ubunifu, kiasi cha kupata “uvumbuzi sekunde 0.05 kabla ya kifo”. Pia anamiliki “Chumba cha Utulivu” (Calm Room), bafu lililojengwa bila misumari na kufunikwa kwa vigae vya dhahabu ya karati 24, ambalo anadai husaidia ubunifu kwa kuzuia mawimbi ya redio na televisheni.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea jarida|url=[http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/dr-nakamats-the-man-with-3300-patents-to-his-name-134571403/?all|title=Dr](http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/dr-nakamats-the-man-with-3300-patents-to-his-name-134571403/?all|title=Dr). NakaMats, the Man With 3300 Patents to His Name|last=Lidz|first=Franz|date=Desemba 2012|journal=Smithsonian Magazine|access-date=15 Oktoba 2014}}</ref> Pia ana lifti nyumbani kwake ambayo anadai humsaidia kufikiri vizuri zaidi, ingawa anakataa kuiita lifti na badala yake huiita “chumba kinachosogea wima”. Anatabiri ataishi hadi umri wa miaka 144.<ref name="CNN life">{{cite news|author=Ian Grayson|title='NakaMats': Creative mind is the key|url=[http://edition.cnn.com/2006/BUSINESS/05/07/nakamats/index.html|access-date=11](http://edition.cnn.com/2006/BUSINESS/05/07/nakamats/index.html|access-date=11) Februari 2017|work=CNN|date=8 Mei 2006}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1928|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Japani]] gc6prma0k5gyp2y47dafvqor95jf4sl Shigeichi Negishi 0 238298 1549709 1549677 2026-05-24T12:05:51Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549709 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shigeichi Negishi''' (29 Novemba 1923 – 26 Januari 2024) alikuwa mhandisi wa [[Japani]] anayesifika kwa kuvumbua mfano wa awali kabisa wa mashine ya karaoke. Shigeichi Negishi alitumia mfumo rahisi uliokuwa na spika, kipaza sauti (microphone), na kicheza kanda ya sauti (tape deck), uliomwezesha mtu kuimba huku akicheza muziki wa nyuma (instrumental backing track) kwa wakati mmoja. Ingawa [[Daisuke Inoue]] anatajwa zaidi kimataifa kwa uvumbuzi unaofanana, All-Japan Karaoke Industrialist Association inamtambua Negishi kama wa kwanza kati ya wavumbuzi watano huru wa teknolojia ya karaoke.<ref name="WSJ">{{Rejea tovuti|url=[https://www.wsj.com/arts-culture/music/karaoke-inventor-shigeichi-negishi-dies-100-79d2d52d|title=Shigeichi](https://www.wsj.com/arts-culture/music/karaoke-inventor-shigeichi-negishi-dies-100-79d2d52d|title=Shigeichi) Negishi, the Inventor of Karaoke, Dies at 100|last=Alt|first=Matt|date=14 Machi 2024|website=The Wall Street Journal|url-access=subscription}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Japani]] jgqvq1erzgavqf3w5j77p6r84ff88hq Ryōhei Mori 0 238301 1549702 1549683 2026-05-24T11:59:01Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 4 template(s) replaced. 1549702 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ryōhei Mori''' ({{lang|ja|森 良平}}; alizaliwa Novemba 1973) ni mwanasayansi, mvumbuzi, na mjasiriamali wa [[Japani]]. Yeye ni Mkurugenzi Mtendaji (CEO) wa Green Science Alliance Co., Ltd. na Fuji Pigment Co., Ltd., pamoja na kuwa Rais wa Quantum Materials Technology na e-Gle Tech Co., Ltd. Ryōhei Mori anajulikana kwa kazi zake katika teknolojia rafiki kwa mazingira (eco-friendly green technologies). Utafiti na ubunifu wake unahusisha maendeleo ya betri za alumini zinazoweza kuchajiwa upya, urejelezaji wa betri za lithiamu-ioni kutoka “black mass”, pamoja na mbinu za kubadili kaboni dioksidi (CO₂). Pia amehusika katika utafiti wa quantum dots, metal–organic frameworks, deep eutectic solvents, na solid acid catalysts. Aidha, anashughulikia maendeleo ya plastiki zinazooza (biodegradable plastics) zisizo na petroli na vifaa vinavyotokana na mimea na biomasi. == Elimu == Ryōhei Mori alipata shahada yake ya kwanza (undergraduate) katika Applied Biology kutoka Kyoto Institute of Technology mwaka 1997.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Corporate Profile – Fuji Pigment Co., Ltd. |url=[http://www.fuji-pigment.co.jp/en/company/profile_en.html](http://www.fuji-pigment.co.jp/en/company/profile_en.html) |access-date=10 Oktoba 2023}}</ref> Baadaye alipata Shahada ya Uzamili (M.Sc.) mwaka 1999 na Shahada ya Uzamivu (Ph.D.) katika uhandisi mwaka 2005 kutoka Kyoto University. Pia mwaka 2021 alikamilisha Programu ya Usimamizi wa Kitaalamu (General Management Program) katika Harvard Business School.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=New Venture Competition 2022: Business and Environment Ventures |url=[https://www.hbs.edu/environment/blog/post/NVC2022](https://www.hbs.edu/environment/blog/post/NVC2022) |website=Harvard Business School |access-date=10 Oktoba 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=admin |date=10 Januari 2024 |title=Ryohei Mori: Pioneering Green Technology for a Sustainable Future |url=[https://thebusinessfame.com/ryohei-mori-pioneering-green-technology-for-a-sustainable-future/](https://thebusinessfame.com/ryohei-mori-pioneering-green-technology-for-a-sustainable-future/) |website=The Business Fame |access-date=22 Aprili 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=Mori |first=Ryohei |date=2023-03-09 |title=Replacing all petroleum-based chemical products with natural biomass-based chemical products: a tutorial review |journal=RSC Sustainability |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=179–212 |doi=10.1039/D2SU00014H |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Japani]] o7vn493agwsaiajkdwl31tpu7g9ssiw Nobuchika Sugimura 0 238306 1550002 1549691 2026-05-24T20:07:25Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1550002 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nobuchika “Shinkin” Sugimura''' (Kijapani: 杉村 信近) alikuwa mvumbuzi na wakili wa hataza (patent attorney) kutoka [[Japani]]. Alijulikana pia kwa mchango wake katika maendeleo ya mfumo wa haki miliki na usajili wa uvumbuzi nchini Japani. Sugimura alikuwa mwenyekiti wa kwanza wa Japan Patent Attorneys Association, taasisi inayowakilisha mawakili wa hataza nchini Japani na inayohusika na kusimamia taaluma ya usajili wa uvumbuzi na alama za biashara.<ref name=SUGIMURA>{{Rejea tovuti | url=[http://sugi.pat.co.jp/our-firm/history/](http://sugi.pat.co.jp/our-firm/history/) | title=History | author=SUGIMURA International Patent and Trademark Attorneys | access-date=2013-08-07 | archive-date=2013-08-11 | archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20130811204933/http://sugi.pat.co.jp/our-firm/history/](https://web.archive.org/web/20130811204933/http://sugi.pat.co.jp/our-firm/history/) | url-status=dead }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|?|?}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Japani]] avm05nvx1jd82nr93vs659w3actaag9 Tanaka Hisashige 0 238309 1549717 1549697 2026-05-24T12:14:51Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549717 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hisashige Tanaka''' (田中 久重; 16 Oktoba 1799 – 7 Novemba 1881) alikuwa mfanyabiashara, mvumbuzi, mhandisi wa mitambo, na msomi wa rangaku kutoka [[Japani]]. Alijulikana sana wakati wa kipindi cha Bakumatsu period na mwanzo wa Meiji period nchini Japani. Mwaka 1875 alianzisha kampuni iliyokuja kuwa Toshiba Corporation. Ameitwa “Thomas Edison wa Japani” au “Karakuri Giemon”.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=[http://www.pinktentacle.com/2006/01/edo-period-robot-returns-to-life-in-japan/|title=Edo-period](http://www.pinktentacle.com/2006/01/edo-period-robot-returns-to-life-in-japan/|title=Edo-period) "robot" returns to life in Japan ~ Pink Tentacle}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1799|1881}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Japani]] kul6g6sxekuwfgmld5n8kbx95xqv0f1 Mohsen Sadr 0 238311 1549703 2026-05-24T11:59:29Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mohsen Sadr''' ( pia anajulikana kwa jina la cheo chake: '''Sadr ol-Ashraf''' [II]; 1871 – 19 Oktoba 1962)<ref>[http://www.aftabir.com/lifestyle/view/114566/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF-%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%86-%D8%B5%D8%AF%D8%B1 aftabir.com]</ref> alikuwa jaji na mwanasiasa, aliyekuwa [[Waziri Mkuu wa Iran]] na rais wa [[Baraza la Seneti la Iran]]. Wakati wa serikali yake, [[Iran]] ilikuwa miongoni mwa mataifa yaliyoanzisha [[Umoja wa Mataifa]] kwa kutia saini...' 1549703 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohsen Sadr''' ( pia anajulikana kwa jina la cheo chake: '''Sadr ol-Ashraf''' [II]; 1871 – 19 Oktoba 1962)<ref>[http://www.aftabir.com/lifestyle/view/114566/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF-%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%86-%D8%B5%D8%AF%D8%B1 aftabir.com]</ref> alikuwa jaji na mwanasiasa, aliyekuwa [[Waziri Mkuu wa Iran]] na rais wa [[Baraza la Seneti la Iran]]. Wakati wa serikali yake, [[Iran]] ilikuwa miongoni mwa mataifa yaliyoanzisha [[Umoja wa Mataifa]] kwa kutia saini [[Mkataba wa Umoja wa Mataifa]].<ref>[https://www.irna.ir/news/84295132/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87-%D8%B5%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81 درباره صدرالاشراف] Irna. (in Persian). Retrieved 9 March 2023</ref><ref name=":0">[http://iichs.org/index.asp?id=172&doc_cat=7 آسيه آل احمد] iichs.org (in Persian). Retrieved 9 March 2023</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1871|1962}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] de7k9wq1f77y8gl8vzohl65rftx3xqt Bill Oddie 0 238312 1549704 2026-05-24T11:59:40Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''William Edgar Oddie''' (anayejulikana kama Bill Oddie; alizaliwa [[Julai 7]], [[1941]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], [[msanii]], mwangalizi wa ndege , mcheshi, mhifadhi, [[mwanamuziki]], [[mtunzi]] wa nyimbo, mtangazaji wa televisheni, na [[mwandishi]] wa [[Uingereza]]. Alikuwa mwanachama wa trii ya ucheshi ''The Goodies''.<ref name="Index entry">{{cite web|url=https://www.freebmd.org.uk/cgi/information.pl?cite=j7KAqDfvNZHl9118lUduFA&scan=1|title=Index entry|acces...' 1549704 wikitext text/x-wiki '''William Edgar Oddie''' (anayejulikana kama Bill Oddie; alizaliwa [[Julai 7]], [[1941]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], [[msanii]], mwangalizi wa ndege , mcheshi, mhifadhi, [[mwanamuziki]], [[mtunzi]] wa nyimbo, mtangazaji wa televisheni, na [[mwandishi]] wa [[Uingereza]]. Alikuwa mwanachama wa trii ya ucheshi ''The Goodies''.<ref name="Index entry">{{cite web|url=https://www.freebmd.org.uk/cgi/information.pl?cite=j7KAqDfvNZHl9118lUduFA&scan=1|title=Index entry|access-date=10 November 2022|work=FreeBMD|publisher=ONS}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1941]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 89w0ldrufr3kpq67fld85u3o9e5qyui Sadegh Sadrieh 0 238313 1549705 2026-05-24T12:02:00Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sadegh Sadrieh''' ([[Kiajemi]]: میرصادق صدریه; 2 Februari 1925 – 5 Novemba 2009) alikuwa mwanasiasa na mwanadiplomasia mashuhuri wa [[Iran]] alihudumu kama mshauri wa Ofisi ya Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje na kama balozi wakati wa [[Enzi ya Pahlavi]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=گفت‌وگو با مهدی بشارت، کاردار پیشین ایران در بغداد|url=http://tarikhirani.ir/fa/news/5107/ناگفته-های-۴%DB%B0-ما...' 1549705 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sadegh Sadrieh''' ([[Kiajemi]]: میرصادق صدریه; 2 Februari 1925 – 5 Novemba 2009) alikuwa mwanasiasa na mwanadiplomasia mashuhuri wa [[Iran]] alihudumu kama mshauri wa Ofisi ya Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje na kama balozi wakati wa [[Enzi ya Pahlavi]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=گفت‌وگو با مهدی بشارت، کاردار پیشین ایران در بغداد|url=http://tarikhirani.ir/fa/news/5107/ناگفته-های-۴%DB%B0-ماه-حصر-در-سفارت}}</ref> Alikuwa balozi wa mwisho wa Iran nchini Ujerumani kabla ya [[Mapinduzi ya Iran]]. Pia alihudumu kama balozi wa Iran na mshauri wa mambo ya nje nchini Romania, Iraq, Israel, Ufaransa, Kuwait, Pakistan, na Afghanistan.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=1928-02-24|title=RADIO BROADCASTS OF TWICE-DAILY WEATHER REPORTS- page 5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1hwaLe6gIAAC&q=sadeq+sadrieh&pg=RA2-PA3|journal=Science|volume=67|issue=1730|pages=210–211|doi=10.1126/science.67.1730.210-a|issn=0036-8075|url-access=subscription}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1925|2009}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] di0bdc6tdy6cfnxstfd9ibx63udyiek 1549708 1549705 2026-05-24T12:04:43Z Egipa 87700 1549708 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sadegh Sadrieh''' ([[Kiajemi]]: میرصادق صدریه; 2 Februari 1925 – 5 Novemba 2009) alikuwa mwanasiasa na mwanadiplomasia mashuhuri wa [[Iran]] alihudumu kama mshauri wa Ofisi ya Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje na kama balozi wakati wa [[Enzi ya Pahlavi]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=گفت‌وگو با مهدی بشارت، کاردار پیشین ایران در بغداد|url=http://tarikhirani.ir/fa/news/5107/ناگفته-های-۴%DB%B0-ماه-حصر-در-سفارت}}</ref> Alikuwa balozi wa mwisho wa Iran nchini [[Ujerumani]] kabla ya [[Mapinduzi ya Iran]]. Pia alihudumu kama balozi wa Iran na mshauri wa mambo ya nje nchini [[Romania]], [[Iraki|Iraq]], [[Israeli|Israel]], [[Ufaransa]], [[Kuwait]], [[Pakistani|Pakistan]], na [[Afghanistan]].<ref>{{Cite journal|date=1928-02-24|title=RADIO BROADCASTS OF TWICE-DAILY WEATHER REPORTS- page 5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1hwaLe6gIAAC&q=sadeq+sadrieh&pg=RA2-PA3|journal=Science|volume=67|issue=1730|pages=210–211|doi=10.1126/science.67.1730.210-a|issn=0036-8075|url-access=subscription}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1925|2009}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] noo45whhai956em3wkrkv6y4tesnot8 1550025 1549708 2026-05-24T20:54:42Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1550025 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sadegh Sadrieh''' ([[Kiajemi]]: میرصادق صدریه; 2 Februari 1925 – 5 Novemba 2009) alikuwa mwanasiasa na mwanadiplomasia mashuhuri wa [[Iran]] alihudumu kama mshauri wa Ofisi ya Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje na kama balozi wakati wa [[Enzi ya Pahlavi]].<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|title=گفت‌وگو با مهدی بشارت، کاردار پیشین ایران در بغداد|url=http://tarikhirani.ir/fa/news/5107/ناگفته-های-۴%DB%B0-ماه-حصر-در-سفارت}}</ref> Alikuwa balozi wa mwisho wa Iran nchini [[Ujerumani]] kabla ya [[Mapinduzi ya Iran]]. Pia alihudumu kama balozi wa Iran na mshauri wa mambo ya nje nchini [[Romania]], [[Iraki|Iraq]], [[Israeli|Israel]], [[Ufaransa]], [[Kuwait]], [[Pakistani|Pakistan]], na [[Afghanistan]].<ref>{{Rejea jarida|date=1928-02-24|title=RADIO BROADCASTS OF TWICE-DAILY WEATHER REPORTS- page 5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1hwaLe6gIAAC&q=sadeq+sadrieh&pg=RA2-PA3|journal=Science|volume=67|issue=1730|pages=210–211|doi=10.1126/science.67.1730.210-a|issn=0036-8075|url-access=subscription}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1925|2009}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] ii7wnjvloy6b4exdksg6bqnltshoquo Sakizō Yai 0 238314 1549706 2026-05-24T12:02:01Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sakizō Yai''' (屋井 先蔵; 13 Januari 1864 – 1 Juni 1927) alikuwa mfanyabiashara wa [[Japani]] na mvumbuzi wa aina ya betri kavu (dry cell battery). == Maisha == Sakizō Yai alizaliwa tarehe 13 Januari 1864 katika familia ya Yai, ambayo ilikuwa ya tabaka la samurai katika eneo la Nagaoka Domain (sasa Nagaoka), katika mkoa wa Niigata Prefecture. Familia ya Yai ilikuwa ya hadhi ya juu ya samurai iliyomiliki zaidi ya 300 [[koku]] kwa vizazi kadhaa,...' 1549706 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sakizō Yai''' (屋井 先蔵; 13 Januari 1864 – 1 Juni 1927) alikuwa mfanyabiashara wa [[Japani]] na mvumbuzi wa aina ya betri kavu (dry cell battery). == Maisha == Sakizō Yai alizaliwa tarehe 13 Januari 1864 katika familia ya Yai, ambayo ilikuwa ya tabaka la samurai katika eneo la Nagaoka Domain (sasa Nagaoka), katika mkoa wa Niigata Prefecture. Familia ya Yai ilikuwa ya hadhi ya juu ya samurai iliyomiliki zaidi ya 300 [[koku]] kwa vizazi kadhaa, lakini alipokuwa na umri wa miaka sita baba yake alifariki dunia na familia ikaanguka kiuchumi. Baada ya hapo, alilelewa na mama yake pamoja na mjomba wake.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=電池の歴史1 屋井乾電池 {{!}} 一般社団法人 電池工業会|url=[https://www.baj.or.jp/battery/history/history01.html|access-date=2021-04-17|website=Battery](https://www.baj.or.jp/battery/history/history01.html|access-date=2021-04-17|website=Battery) Association of Japan}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Takeda|first=Tomohiro|title=大日本帝国の発明|publisher=Saizusha|year=2015|location=Japan|at=Page of 乾電池の発明}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1864|1927}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Japani]] c5psaeyej0qab4qm8jb6pgv0agqzg56 1550026 1549706 2026-05-24T20:55:46Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1550026 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sakizō Yai''' (屋井 先蔵; 13 Januari 1864 – 1 Juni 1927) alikuwa mfanyabiashara wa [[Japani]] na mvumbuzi wa aina ya betri kavu (dry cell battery). == Maisha == Sakizō Yai alizaliwa tarehe 13 Januari 1864 katika familia ya Yai, ambayo ilikuwa ya tabaka la samurai katika eneo la Nagaoka Domain (sasa Nagaoka), katika mkoa wa Niigata Prefecture. Familia ya Yai ilikuwa ya hadhi ya juu ya samurai iliyomiliki zaidi ya 300 [[koku]] kwa vizazi kadhaa, lakini alipokuwa na umri wa miaka sita baba yake alifariki dunia na familia ikaanguka kiuchumi. Baada ya hapo, alilelewa na mama yake pamoja na mjomba wake.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|title=電池の歴史1 屋井乾電池 {{!}} 一般社団法人 電池工業会|url=[https://www.baj.or.jp/battery/history/history01.html|access-date=2021-04-17|website=Battery](https://www.baj.or.jp/battery/history/history01.html|access-date=2021-04-17|website=Battery) Association of Japan}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Rejea kitabu|last=Takeda|first=Tomohiro|title=大日本帝国の発明|publisher=Saizusha|year=2015|location=Japan|at=Page of 乾電池の発明}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1864|1927}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Japani]] iwp8e1a3w1ecywp55hok5jlkne95crm Yuko Yamashita 0 238315 1549707 2026-05-24T12:04:35Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Yuko Yamashita''' (山下 裕子) ni mtaalamu wa [[Kijapani]] wa kutengeneza na kunyoosha nywele (straight hair specialist). Yeye ndiye muanzilishi wa mfumo wa **YUKO Hair Straightening System**, unaotumika kubadilisha na kunyoosha nywele kwa muda mrefu kwa kutumia mbinu maalum za kitaalamu. Yamashita amejulikana kimataifa kama mmoja wa wataalamu bora wa nywele duniani kutokana na mbinu zake za kitaalamu za urembo na matunzo ya nywele.<ref>{{cite web|t...' 1549707 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yuko Yamashita''' (山下 裕子) ni mtaalamu wa [[Kijapani]] wa kutengeneza na kunyoosha nywele (straight hair specialist). Yeye ndiye muanzilishi wa mfumo wa **YUKO Hair Straightening System**, unaotumika kubadilisha na kunyoosha nywele kwa muda mrefu kwa kutumia mbinu maalum za kitaalamu. Yamashita amejulikana kimataifa kama mmoja wa wataalamu bora wa nywele duniani kutokana na mbinu zake za kitaalamu za urembo na matunzo ya nywele.<ref>{{cite web|title=Yuko Yamashita: El secreto del lacio perfecto|url=[http://www.lostiempos.com/oh/entrevista/entrevista/20100214/yuko-yamashita-el-secreto-del-lacio-perfecto_57689_103286.html|website=Los](http://www.lostiempos.com/oh/entrevista/entrevista/20100214/yuko-yamashita-el-secreto-del-lacio-perfecto_57689_103286.html|website=Los) Tiempos|access-date=10 February 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=About Us |url=[http://yuko-usa.com/beauty/about-us/|website=YUKO](http://yuko-usa.com/beauty/about-us/|website=YUKO) USA|access-date=10 February 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=STYLING & STRAIGHTENING EXPERT: Yuko Yamashita|url=[http://www.sunsilk.com.my/article/detail/1186782/styling-straightening-expert|website=SunSilk}}](http://www.sunsilk.com.my/article/detail/1186782/styling-straightening-expert|website=SunSilk}})</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Japani]] 6538j0yo42x07huj5jeivb32guxbjhz 1550089 1549707 2026-05-25T02:21:01Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550089 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yuko Yamashita''' (山下 裕子) ni mtaalamu wa [[Kijapani]] wa kutengeneza na kunyoosha nywele (straight hair specialist). Yeye ndiye muanzilishi wa mfumo wa **YUKO Hair Straightening System**, unaotumika kubadilisha na kunyoosha nywele kwa muda mrefu kwa kutumia mbinu maalum za kitaalamu. Yamashita amejulikana kimataifa kama mmoja wa wataalamu bora wa nywele duniani kutokana na mbinu zake za kitaalamu za urembo na matunzo ya nywele.<ref>{{cite web|title=Yuko Yamashita: El secreto del lacio perfecto|url=[http://www.lostiempos.com/oh/entrevista/entrevista/20100214/yuko-yamashita-el-secreto-del-lacio-perfecto_57689_103286.html|website=Los](http://www.lostiempos.com/oh/entrevista/entrevista/20100214/yuko-yamashita-el-secreto-del-lacio-perfecto_57689_103286.html|website=Los) Tiempos|access-date=10 February 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=About Us |url=[http://yuko-usa.com/beauty/about-us/|website=YUKO](http://yuko-usa.com/beauty/about-us/|website=YUKO) USA|access-date=10 February 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=STYLING & STRAIGHTENING EXPERT: Yuko Yamashita|url=[http://www.sunsilk.com.my/article/detail/1186782/styling-straightening-expert|website=SunSilk}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}](http://www.sunsilk.com.my/article/detail/1186782/styling-straightening-expert|website=SunSilk}})</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Japani]] 6u9c830ugqa5k5c5cm5b9vup16c7g70 Shunpei Yamazaki 0 238316 1549711 2026-05-24T12:06:44Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Shunpei Yamazaki''' (山崎 舜平; alizaliwa 8 Julai 1942) ni mvumbuzi kutoka [[Japani]] anayefanya kazi katika nyanja za sayansi ya kompyuta na fizikia ya hali-imara (solid-state physics). Anajulikana kama mmoja wa wavumbuzi wenye idadi kubwa zaidi ya hataza (patents) duniani, akiwa ameorodheshwa kama mvumbuzi katika zaidi ya familia 11,000 za hataza na zaidi ya machapisho 26,000 ya hataza mbalimbali.<ref name=patents>{{cite web|url=[https://patents.g...' 1549711 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shunpei Yamazaki''' (山崎 舜平; alizaliwa 8 Julai 1942) ni mvumbuzi kutoka [[Japani]] anayefanya kazi katika nyanja za sayansi ya kompyuta na fizikia ya hali-imara (solid-state physics). Anajulikana kama mmoja wa wavumbuzi wenye idadi kubwa zaidi ya hataza (patents) duniani, akiwa ameorodheshwa kama mvumbuzi katika zaidi ya familia 11,000 za hataza na zaidi ya machapisho 26,000 ya hataza mbalimbali.<ref name=patents>{{cite web|url=[https://patents.google.com/?inventor=Shunpei+Yamazaki&num=100&oq=Shunpei+Yamazaki&dups=language|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200606022146/https://patents.google.com/?inventor=Shunpei+Yamazaki&num=100&oq=Shunpei+Yamazaki&dups=language|title=Google](https://patents.google.com/?inventor=Shunpei+Yamazaki&num=100&oq=Shunpei+Yamazaki&dups=language|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200606022146/https://patents.google.com/?inventor=Shunpei+Yamazaki&num=100&oq=Shunpei+Yamazaki&dups=language|title=Google) Patents, Inventor, Shunpei Yamazaki|accessdate=June 5, 2020}}</ref> Mwaka 2005, alitajwa na gazeti la USA Today kama mvumbuzi aliye na idadi kubwa zaidi ya hataza katika historia.<ref name="USATODAY.com 2005">{{cite web |title=You really can find identities of top patent holders |website=USATODAY.com |date=2005-12-13 |url=[https://www.usatoday.com/money/industries/technology/maney/2005-12-13-patent_x.htm](https://www.usatoday.com/money/industries/technology/maney/2005-12-13-patent_x.htm) |access-date=2018-06-23}}</ref> Baadaye, Kia Silverbrook alimzidi mnamo tarehe 26 Februari 2008,<ref name="Love 2011">{{cite web |last=Love |first=Dylan |title=The 10 Greatest Inventors In The Modern Era |website=Business Insider |date=2011-05-06}}</ref><ref name="Basson-Booyens Consulting Inc.">{{cite web |title=The True Inventor |website=Basson-Booyens Consulting Inc.}}</ref> lakini Yamazaki alimzidi tena Silverbrook mwaka 2017. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1942|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Japani]] 1dh21ndfceecau7k5yn2hesnw5fhtfq Javad Saeed 0 238317 1549712 2026-05-24T12:07:29Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Javad Saeed''' alikuwa mwanasiasa wa Iran alihudumu kama [[Orodha ya Wasemaji wa Bunge la Iran|Spika wa mwisho wa Bunge la Iran]] wakati wa [[Enzi ya Pahlavi nchini Iran|enzi ya Pahlavi]]. Pia, alikuwa [[Katibu Mkuu wa Chama cha Rastakhiz|katibu mkuu wa mwisho wa Chama cha Resurgence (Rastakhiz)]] na naibu Katibu Mkuu wa chama hicho wakati wa muhula wa pili wa [[Jamshid Amouzegar]] na wakati wa muhula wake mwenyewe.<ref>{{citation|date=1979|journal=MEE...' 1549712 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Javad Saeed''' alikuwa mwanasiasa wa Iran alihudumu kama [[Orodha ya Wasemaji wa Bunge la Iran|Spika wa mwisho wa Bunge la Iran]] wakati wa [[Enzi ya Pahlavi nchini Iran|enzi ya Pahlavi]]. Pia, alikuwa [[Katibu Mkuu wa Chama cha Rastakhiz|katibu mkuu wa mwisho wa Chama cha Resurgence (Rastakhiz)]] na naibu Katibu Mkuu wa chama hicho wakati wa muhula wa pili wa [[Jamshid Amouzegar]] na wakati wa muhula wake mwenyewe.<ref>{{citation|date=1979|journal=MEED|publisher=Economic East Economic Digest Ltd|volume=23|page=17|author=Elizabeth Collard|title=Iran}}</ref> Aliwakilisha mji wa [[Sari, Iran|Sari]] bungeni.<ref>{{citation|title=Iran Almanac and Book of Facts|publisher=Echo of Iran|year=1970|page=88}}</ref> Saeed aliteuliwa kuwa mjumbe wa [[Baraza la Regent (Iran)|Baraza la Regent]] mnamo mwaka 1979.<ref>{{cite book|author=Sepehr Zabir|title=The Iranian Military in Revolution and War (RLE Iran D)|date=2012|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-1-136-81270-5|pages=52–53}}</ref> Kufuatia [[Mapinduzi ya Iran]], alikamatwa na kukabiliwa na mashtaka saba katika [[Mahakama ya Mapinduzi ya Kiislamu]], ikiwa ni pamoja na [[Mofsed-e-filarz|ufisadi wa ardhi]], [[Hirabah|vita dhidi ya Mungu]] na dhidi ya [[Muhammad|Mtume]], kutukana dini, mauaji ya watu wasio na hatia, utesaji wa mwili, na kuendesha ukahaba; makosa yaliyopelekea yeye kunyongwa.<ref name="AI">{{citation|publisher=Amnesty International |page=151|title=Law And Human Rights in The Islamic Republic of Iran: A report covering events within the seven month period following the Revolution of February 1979|chapter=Post-Revolutionary Executions till 12 August 1979|date=February 1980|chapter-url=https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/200000/mde130031980en.pdf}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD||1979}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] b2nzuy3fhne3knor0pylq4wcjg4wh6n Hiroshi Yasuda 0 238318 1549713 2026-05-24T12:10:51Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Hiroshi Yasuda''' (alizaliwa 1944) ni Profesa Mstaafu katika Chuo Kikuu cha [[Tokyo]] na pia anafanya kazi kama mshauri (consultant) wa kampuni ya Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (NTT). Katika eneo la viwango vya kimataifa (international standardization), pamoja na Leonardo Chiariglione, alisaidia kuanzisha kundi la **Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG)**, ambalo baadaye liliweka viwango vya **MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3 (MP3)**, teknolojia maarufu ya kompyuta...' 1549713 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hiroshi Yasuda''' (alizaliwa 1944) ni Profesa Mstaafu katika Chuo Kikuu cha [[Tokyo]] na pia anafanya kazi kama mshauri (consultant) wa kampuni ya Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (NTT). Katika eneo la viwango vya kimataifa (international standardization), pamoja na Leonardo Chiariglione, alisaidia kuanzisha kundi la **Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG)**, ambalo baadaye liliweka viwango vya **MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3 (MP3)**, teknolojia maarufu ya kompyuta na muziki wa kidijitali duniani.<ref name="DAVIC">{{cite web |url=[http://www.davic.org/CURRIYAS.htm](http://www.davic.org/CURRIYAS.htm) |title=DAVIC: Curriculum Vitae of Hiroshi Yasuda |year=2011 |accessdate=2011-07-26 |archiveurl=[https://web.archive.org/web/20111004061554/http://www.davic.org/CURRIYAS.htm](https://web.archive.org/web/20111004061554/http://www.davic.org/CURRIYAS.htm) |archivedate=2011-10-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1109/TCE.2006.1706505| title = Genesis of the MP3 audio coding standard| journal = IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics| volume = 52| issue = 3| pages = 1043–1049| date = August 2006| last1 = Musmann | first1 = H. G. | s2cid = 34324315| url = [http://users.ipfw.edu/reddpv01/mp3Genesis.pdf|](http://users.ipfw.edu/reddpv01/mp3Genesis.pdf|) accessdate = 2011-07-26| archiveurl = [https://web.archive.org/web/20120117173334/http://users.ipfw.edu/reddpv01/mp3Genesis.pdf|](https://web.archive.org/web/20120117173334/http://users.ipfw.edu/reddpv01/mp3Genesis.pdf|) archivedate = 2012-01-17}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1944|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Japani]] 2de0cbxti08x4wtqeb3o4r5htaw4afq 1549908 1549713 2026-05-24T16:46:58Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549908 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hiroshi Yasuda''' (alizaliwa 1944) ni Profesa Mstaafu katika Chuo Kikuu cha [[Tokyo]] na pia anafanya kazi kama mshauri (consultant) wa kampuni ya Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (NTT). Katika eneo la viwango vya kimataifa (international standardization), pamoja na Leonardo Chiariglione, alisaidia kuanzisha kundi la **Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG)**, ambalo baadaye liliweka viwango vya **MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3 (MP3)**, teknolojia maarufu ya kompyuta na muziki wa kidijitali duniani.<ref name="DAVIC">{{cite web |url=[http://www.davic.org/CURRIYAS.htm](http://www.davic.org/CURRIYAS.htm) |title=DAVIC: Curriculum Vitae of Hiroshi Yasuda |year=2011 |accessdate=2011-07-26 |archiveurl=[https://web.archive.org/web/20111004061554/http://www.davic.org/CURRIYAS.htm](https://web.archive.org/web/20111004061554/http://www.davic.org/CURRIYAS.htm) |archivedate=2011-10-04}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea jarida | doi = 10.1109/TCE.2006.1706505| title = Genesis of the MP3 audio coding standard| journal = IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics| volume = 52| issue = 3| pages = 1043–1049| date = August 2006| last1 = Musmann | first1 = H. G. | s2cid = 34324315| url = [http://users.ipfw.edu/reddpv01/mp3Genesis.pdf|](http://users.ipfw.edu/reddpv01/mp3Genesis.pdf|) accessdate = 2011-07-26| archiveurl = [https://web.archive.org/web/20120117173334/http://users.ipfw.edu/reddpv01/mp3Genesis.pdf|](https://web.archive.org/web/20120117173334/http://users.ipfw.edu/reddpv01/mp3Genesis.pdf|) archivedate = 2012-01-17}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1944|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Japani]] stesk18hawaeqakmv30oj3mvoas7g1t Ahmad Moshir al-Saltaneh 0 238319 1549714 2026-05-24T12:10:54Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ahmad Moshir al-Saltaneh''' (6 Julai 1844 mjini [[Amol]] – 20 Aprili 1918 mjini [[Tehran]]), pia anajulikana kama '''Moshir al-Saltaneh''' na '''Mirza Ahmad Khan Moshir al-Saltaneh''', alikuwa [[Waziri Mkuu wa Iran]] wakati wa [[Enzi ya Qajar nchini Iran|enzi ya Qajar]]. Alihudumu kama waziri mkuu mara mbili na pia alikuwa waziri wa mambo ya ndani.<ref>[http://rijaldb.com/fa/8645/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%B2%D8%A7+%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF+%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%...' 1549714 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ahmad Moshir al-Saltaneh''' (6 Julai 1844 mjini [[Amol]] – 20 Aprili 1918 mjini [[Tehran]]), pia anajulikana kama '''Moshir al-Saltaneh''' na '''Mirza Ahmad Khan Moshir al-Saltaneh''', alikuwa [[Waziri Mkuu wa Iran]] wakati wa [[Enzi ya Qajar nchini Iran|enzi ya Qajar]]. Alihudumu kama waziri mkuu mara mbili na pia alikuwa waziri wa mambo ya ndani.<ref>[http://rijaldb.com/fa/8645/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%B2%D8%A7+%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF+%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86+%D9%85%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%87 Rijaldb] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220116182938/http://rijaldb.com/fa/8645/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%B2%D8%A7+%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF+%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86+%D9%85%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%87 |date=2022-01-16 }},.</ref><ref>[http://pajoohe.ir/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%B2%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%87__a-34402.aspx Pajoohe].</ref> Aidha, aliwahi kuwa [[Wizara ya Sheria (Iran)|Waziri wa Sheria]] wa Iran.<ref>Iran at Qajar Ds book / 187.2</ref><ref>Law, State, and Society in Modern Iran: Constitutionalism, Autocracy by H. Enayat</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1844|1918}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] hn76fhjjyelrwalta7hqmmk8j80zeey 1550130 1549714 2026-05-25T04:46:05Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550130 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ahmad Moshir al-Saltaneh''' (6 Julai 1844 mjini [[Amol]] – 20 Aprili 1918 mjini [[Tehran]]), pia anajulikana kama '''Moshir al-Saltaneh''' na '''Mirza Ahmad Khan Moshir al-Saltaneh''', alikuwa [[Waziri Mkuu wa Iran]] wakati wa [[Enzi ya Qajar nchini Iran|enzi ya Qajar]]. Alihudumu kama waziri mkuu mara mbili na pia alikuwa waziri wa mambo ya ndani.<ref>[http://rijaldb.com/fa/8645/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%B2%D8%A7+%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF+%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86+%D9%85%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%87 Rijaldb] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220116182938/http://rijaldb.com/fa/8645/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%B2%D8%A7+%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF+%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86+%D9%85%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%87 |date=2022-01-16 }},.</ref><ref>[http://pajoohe.ir/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%B2%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%87__a-34402.aspx Pajoohe] {{Wayback|url=http://pajoohe.ir/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%B2%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%87__a-34402.aspx |date=20220116182928 }}.</ref> Aidha, aliwahi kuwa [[Wizara ya Sheria (Iran)|Waziri wa Sheria]] wa Iran.<ref>Iran at Qajar Ds book / 187.2</ref><ref>Law, State, and Society in Modern Iran: Constitutionalism, Autocracy by H. Enayat</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1844|1918}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] bhgqt694o48nga8l2m1968kwy9x094z Jon Åker 0 238320 1549715 2026-05-24T12:13:13Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jon Erik Åker''' (26 Februari 1927 – 18 Aprili 2013) alikuwa mkurugenzi wa hospitali kutoka [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alilelewa na babu na bibi yake katika eneo la mashambani la Sunnfjord, kisha akasoma katika Firda Upper Secondary School kabla ya kujiunga na Norwegian School of Economics. Mwaka 1955 aliajiriwa kama meneja wa Lillehammer Hospital, na mwaka 1958 akawa mkurugenzi wa fedha katika Red Cross Clinic. Mwaka 1963 alihitimu Shahada ya Uzamili ya U...' 1549715 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jon Erik Åker''' (26 Februari 1927 – 18 Aprili 2013) alikuwa mkurugenzi wa hospitali kutoka [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alilelewa na babu na bibi yake katika eneo la mashambani la Sunnfjord, kisha akasoma katika Firda Upper Secondary School kabla ya kujiunga na Norwegian School of Economics. Mwaka 1955 aliajiriwa kama meneja wa Lillehammer Hospital, na mwaka 1958 akawa mkurugenzi wa fedha katika Red Cross Clinic. Mwaka 1963 alihitimu Shahada ya Uzamili ya Usimamizi wa Hospitali kutoka University of Michigan. Mwaka 1964 aliajiriwa kama katibu katika Akershus University Hospital. Baadaye alichukua likizo kwenda kuwa meneja wa hospitali ya wakimbizi ya Augusta Victoria Hospital mjini Jerusalem, kisha aliporudi alipandishwa cheo kuwa mkurugenzi wa fedha wa Akershus University Hospital. Kuanzia 1969 hadi 1997, alikuwa mkurugenzi mkuu wa muda mrefu wa hospitali hiyo.<ref name=70y>{{cite news|title=Sykehusleder i 28 år|author=Bisseberg, Aslaug|work=[[Aftenposten]]|date=26 February 1997|page=10|language=no}}</ref><ref name=obit>{{cite news|title=Jon Åker (obituary)|author=Gunnlaugsdóttir, Hulda|work=[[Aftenposten]]|date=3 May 2013|language=no}}</ref> Mwaka 1994 alitunukiwa King's Medal of Merit in gold, na mwaka 1996 akawa mwanachama wa heshima wa Norwegian Hospital and Health Service Association. Alifariki dunia Aprili 2013. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1927|2013}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 7l4r6zqh9uq19g6nmsf7zzpegn8zzgh Karim Sanjabi 0 238321 1549718 2026-05-24T12:15:47Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Karim Bakhtiar Sanjabi''' (11 Septemba 1905 – 4 Julai 1995) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Iran]] na mjumbe wa [[Baraza la Kitaifa la Ushauri]]. Pia, alikuwa profesa katika Shule ya Sheria ya [[Chuo Kikuu cha Tehran]] na mmoja wa viongozi wa muungano wa [[National Front (Iran)|National Front]] na [[Chama cha Iran]] (Iran Party).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Interview with Sanjabi, Karim: Tape 04. The Iranian Oral History Project is a unique resource for the study o...' 1549718 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Karim Bakhtiar Sanjabi''' (11 Septemba 1905 – 4 Julai 1995) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Iran]] na mjumbe wa [[Baraza la Kitaifa la Ushauri]]. Pia, alikuwa profesa katika Shule ya Sheria ya [[Chuo Kikuu cha Tehran]] na mmoja wa viongozi wa muungano wa [[National Front (Iran)|National Front]] na [[Chama cha Iran]] (Iran Party).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Interview with Sanjabi, Karim: Tape 04. The Iranian Oral History Project is a unique resource for the study of modern Iranian history. |url=https://curiosity.lib.harvard.edu/iranian-oral-history-project/catalog/32-SANJABI__KARIM04}}</ref> Sanjabi alihudumu kama Waziri wa Utamaduni katika serikali ya [[Mohammad Mosaddegh]] na kuwa Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Iran katika serikali ya [[Mehdi Bazargan]].<ref>{{Cite web |title="Interview with Sanjabi, Karim: Tape 03. The Iranian Oral History Project is a unique resource for the study of modern Iranian history". |url=https://curiosity.lib.harvard.edu/iranian-oral-history-project/catalog/32-SANJABI__KARIM03}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1905|1995}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] lpg5c0w92x77fxxlsiku04w54j3pu63 1549925 1549718 2026-05-24T17:23:34Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1549925 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Karim Bakhtiar Sanjabi''' (11 Septemba 1905 – 4 Julai 1995) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Iran]] na mjumbe wa [[Baraza la Kitaifa la Ushauri]]. Pia, alikuwa profesa katika Shule ya Sheria ya [[Chuo Kikuu cha Tehran]] na mmoja wa viongozi wa muungano wa [[National Front (Iran)|National Front]] na [[Chama cha Iran]] (Iran Party).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Interview with Sanjabi, Karim: Tape 04. The Iranian Oral History Project is a unique resource for the study of modern Iranian history. |url=https://curiosity.lib.harvard.edu/iranian-oral-history-project/catalog/32-SANJABI__KARIM04}}</ref> Sanjabi alihudumu kama Waziri wa Utamaduni katika serikali ya [[Mohammad Mosaddegh]] na kuwa Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Iran katika serikali ya [[Mehdi Bazargan]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title="Interview with Sanjabi, Karim: Tape 03. The Iranian Oral History Project is a unique resource for the study of modern Iranian history". |url=https://curiosity.lib.harvard.edu/iranian-oral-history-project/catalog/32-SANJABI__KARIM03}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1905|1995}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] degg8hbskuvshwnc169nqcgef2b8zof Edvin Alten 0 238322 1549719 2026-05-24T12:16:04Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Edvin Alten''' (10 Januari 1876 – 13 Februari 1967) alikuwa jaji kutoka [[Norwei]]. Alizaliwa mjini Tønsberg. Kuanzia mwaka 1918 alihudumu kama Naibu Katibu Mkuu wa Serikali katika Wizara ya Haki na Polisi ya Norway, na baadaye akateuliwa kuwa Jaji wa Mahakama ya Juu ya Norway kuanzia mwaka 1925 hadi 1948.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|year=2007|title=Edvin Alten|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|url...' 1549719 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Edvin Alten''' (10 Januari 1876 – 13 Februari 1967) alikuwa jaji kutoka [[Norwei]]. Alizaliwa mjini Tønsberg. Kuanzia mwaka 1918 alihudumu kama Naibu Katibu Mkuu wa Serikali katika Wizara ya Haki na Polisi ya Norway, na baadaye akateuliwa kuwa Jaji wa Mahakama ya Juu ya Norway kuanzia mwaka 1925 hadi 1948.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|year=2007|title=Edvin Alten|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|url=[http://www.snl.no/Edvin_Alten|editor=Henriksen](http://www.snl.no/Edvin_Alten|editor=Henriksen), Petter|language=Norwegian|accessdate=4 April 2009}}</ref> Alikuwa ameolewa na Ragna Aass (1880–1975). Binti yake, **Berit Alten**, alikuwa mwigizaji na aliolewa na mwanahistoria wa fasihi Asbjørn Aarnes,<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|year=2005|title=Asbjørn Aarnes|encyclopedia=[[Norsk biografisk leksikon]]|first=John Ole|last=Askedal|volume=10|editor=[[Knut Helle|Helle, Knut]]|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|url=[http://www.snl.no/.nbl_biografi/Asbj%C3%B8rn_Aarnes/utdypning|language=Norwegian|accessdate=4](http://www.snl.no/.nbl_biografi/Asbj%C3%B8rn_Aarnes/utdypning|language=Norwegian|accessdate=4) April 2009}}</ref> na binti mwingine, **Rønnaug Alten**, pia alikuwa mwigizaji na kwa muda aliolewa na Georg Løkkeberg.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|year=1999|title=Rønnaug Alten|encyclopedia=[[Norsk biografisk leksikon]]|first=Lise|last=Lyche|volume=1|editor=[[Knut Helle|Helle, Knut]]|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|url=[http://www.snl.no/.nbl_biografi/R%C3%B8nnaug_Alten/utdypning|language=Norwegian|accessdate=4](http://www.snl.no/.nbl_biografi/R%C3%B8nnaug_Alten/utdypning|language=Norwegian|accessdate=4) April 2009}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1876|1967}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 29lr68n2zzomduzosvbpzcn112z109b Torleiv Anda 0 238323 1549720 2026-05-24T12:18:48Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Torleiv Anda''' (20 Aprili 1921 – 18 Septemba 2013) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia na mwanasiasa kutoka Norway aliyehudumu katika Chama cha Kazi cha [[Norwei]] (Norwegian Labour Party). Alisoma katika University of Oslo katika miaka ya 1940. Baada ya tukio la 1943 University of Oslo fire, alikamatwa pamoja na mamia ya wanafunzi wengine na kupelekwa katika kambi za “urekebishaji” nchini Ujerumani. Alizuiliwa kwa muda katika Stavern, kisha kuanzia Desemb...' 1549720 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Torleiv Anda''' (20 Aprili 1921 – 18 Septemba 2013) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia na mwanasiasa kutoka Norway aliyehudumu katika Chama cha Kazi cha [[Norwei]] (Norwegian Labour Party). Alisoma katika University of Oslo katika miaka ya 1940. Baada ya tukio la 1943 University of Oslo fire, alikamatwa pamoja na mamia ya wanafunzi wengine na kupelekwa katika kambi za “urekebishaji” nchini Ujerumani. Alizuiliwa kwa muda katika Stavern, kisha kuanzia Desemba 1943 alihamishwa hadi Sennheim concentration camp na Buchenwald concentration camp hadi mwisho wa Vita ya Pili ya Dunia. Baada ya vita, alihitimu shahada ya cand.mag. degree mwaka 1948, kisha alifanya kazi kwa miaka mitatu katika Wizara ya Masuala ya Kijamii ya Norway. Baadaye alijiunga na idara ya utamaduni ya Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway. Mwaka 1959 aliteuliwa kuwa afisa wa vyombo vya habari (press attaché) nchini Marekani, na baadaye Ujerumani Magharibi. Pia aliwahi kuwa mshauri wa ubalozi London kabla ya kurejea Norway mwaka 1970 kama katibu msaidizi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje, ambapo alipandishwa cheo kuwa naibu mkurugenzi mwaka 1973.<ref name=90y>{{cite news|title=Jubilanter|date=20 April 2011|work=[[Fædrelandsvennen]]|language=no}}</ref><ref name=obit>{{cite news|title=Torleiv Anda|date=27 September 2013|author=Kolberg, Aud|work=[[Aftenposten]]|language=no}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1921|2013}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 13f6f3rdv1mx6nb7jye55vdrvj4y7tn Jacquie O'Neill 0 238324 1549721 2026-05-24T12:19:23Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jacquie O'Neill''' (alizaliwa [[1969]] huko [[Yorkshire na Humber|Yorkshire]],[[ Uingereza]]) ni [[mchoraji]] picha nchini [[Uingereza]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1969]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]]' 1549721 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jacquie O'Neill''' (alizaliwa [[1969]] huko [[Yorkshire na Humber|Yorkshire]],[[ Uingereza]]) ni [[mchoraji]] picha nchini [[Uingereza]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1969]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 5uktkkr5kpxcsrzhqofu19pw55t2uup Garrick Palmer 0 238325 1549725 2026-05-24T12:21:44Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Garrick Salisbury Palmer''' ([[Septemba 20]], [[1933]] – [[Julai 9]], [[2023]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]], [[mchongaji]] wa mbao , mpiga picha, na mwalimu nchini [[Uingereza]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Statement|url=http://www.garrickpalmer.co.uk/statement.html|publisher=Garrick Palmer|access-date=15 December 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20111006080425/http://www.garrickpalmer.co.uk/statement.html|archive-date=6 October 2011}}</ref>...' 1549725 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Garrick Salisbury Palmer''' ([[Septemba 20]], [[1933]] – [[Julai 9]], [[2023]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]], [[mchongaji]] wa mbao , mpiga picha, na mwalimu nchini [[Uingereza]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Statement|url=http://www.garrickpalmer.co.uk/statement.html|publisher=Garrick Palmer|access-date=15 December 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20111006080425/http://www.garrickpalmer.co.uk/statement.html|archive-date=6 October 2011}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachongaji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1933]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2023]] euhfhbmj4ktc0qehyk8d63xvtzb30ri Kjersti Ertresvaag Andersen 0 238326 1549726 2026-05-24T12:22:42Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Kjersti Ertresvaag Andersen''' (alizaliwa 1 Mei 1969) ni mtumishi wa serikali na mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norwei]]. Tangu mwaka 2023, ameshika wadhifa wa Mkurugenzi Mkuu katika Ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu wa Norwei. == Kazi == Andersen alizaliwa tarehe 1 Mei 1969, na ana elimu ya **cand.polit.**. Amehudumu katika huduma ya mambo ya nje ya Norway tangu mwaka 1998.<ref name=snl/> == Marejeo == {{Reflist|refs= <ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Kjersti Er...' 1549726 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kjersti Ertresvaag Andersen''' (alizaliwa 1 Mei 1969) ni mtumishi wa serikali na mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norwei]]. Tangu mwaka 2023, ameshika wadhifa wa Mkurugenzi Mkuu katika Ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu wa Norwei. == Kazi == Andersen alizaliwa tarehe 1 Mei 1969, na ana elimu ya **cand.polit.**. Amehudumu katika huduma ya mambo ya nje ya Norway tangu mwaka 1998.<ref name=snl/> == Marejeo == {{Reflist|refs= <ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Kjersti Ertresvaag Andersen |first=Sten |last=Lundbo |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |publisher=Norsk nettleksikon |location=Oslo |url=[https://snl.no/Kjersti_Ertresvaag_Andersen](https://snl.no/Kjersti_Ertresvaag_Andersen) |language=no |accessdate=27 August 2024}}</ref> {{Cite web |title=H.E. Kjersti Ertresvaag Andersen |date=16 April 2018 |url=[https://www.cercle-diplomatique.com/botschafter.aspx?id=20](https://www.cercle-diplomatique.com/botschafter.aspx?id=20) |website=cercle-diplomatique.com |access-date=27 August 2024 }}</ref> }} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1969|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] rpoc4gby8gnpahu5wmtsu5cowp5fc3z 1549934 1549726 2026-05-24T18:04:38Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549934 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kjersti Ertresvaag Andersen''' (alizaliwa 1 Mei 1969) ni mtumishi wa serikali na mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norwei]]. Tangu mwaka 2023, ameshika wadhifa wa Mkurugenzi Mkuu katika Ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu wa Norwei. == Kazi == Andersen alizaliwa tarehe 1 Mei 1969, na ana elimu ya **cand.polit.**. Amehudumu katika huduma ya mambo ya nje ya Norway tangu mwaka 1998.<ref name=snl/> == Marejeo == {{Reflist|refs= <ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Kjersti Ertresvaag Andersen |first=Sten |last=Lundbo |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |publisher=Norsk nettleksikon |location=Oslo |url=[https://snl.no/Kjersti_Ertresvaag_Andersen](https://snl.no/Kjersti_Ertresvaag_Andersen) |language=no |accessdate=27 August 2024}}</ref> {{Rejea tovuti |title=H.E. Kjersti Ertresvaag Andersen |date=16 April 2018 |url=[https://www.cercle-diplomatique.com/botschafter.aspx?id=20](https://www.cercle-diplomatique.com/botschafter.aspx?id=20) |website=cercle-diplomatique.com |access-date=27 August 2024 }}</ref> }} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1969|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] o5wmjuoa12f9egruxwn8vu8bja2an0o Harold Sutton Palmer 0 238327 1549727 2026-05-24T12:24:14Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Harold "Harry" Sutton Palmer''' ([[Desemba 28]], [[1854]] – [[Mei 8]], [[1933]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] wa mandhari akitumia rangi za maji na mchoraji picha wa [[Uingereza]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Native of Plymouth; Death of Eminent Water-Colour Painter|url=http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk|access-date=24 May 2017|work=Western Morning News (Devon, UK)|date=10 May 1933}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uinger...' 1549727 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Harold "Harry" Sutton Palmer''' ([[Desemba 28]], [[1854]] – [[Mei 8]], [[1933]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] wa mandhari akitumia rangi za maji na mchoraji picha wa [[Uingereza]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Native of Plymouth; Death of Eminent Water-Colour Painter|url=http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk|access-date=24 May 2017|work=Western Morning News (Devon, UK)|date=10 May 1933}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1854]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1933]] 5c5co3kl2aqqwze3uvhwpfi9mrfqexc Vibeke Hein Bæra 0 238328 1549728 2026-05-24T12:24:50Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Vibeke Hein Bæra''' (alizaliwa 29 Julai 1964) ni wakili kutoka [[Norwei]]. Alikuwa mmoja wa mawakili wa utetezi wa Anders Behring Breivik katika kesi yake inayohusiana na 2011 Norway attacks. == Wasifu == Kuanzia 1992 hadi 1999, Bæra ambaye anatoka mji wa Porsgrunn katika eneo la Telemark, alifanya kazi kama wakili katika kampuni ya Lippestad AS. Mwaka 2000 hadi 2010, alifanya kazi kama wakili wa polisi katika Telemark Police District. Kuanzia 2010...' 1549728 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vibeke Hein Bæra''' (alizaliwa 29 Julai 1964) ni wakili kutoka [[Norwei]]. Alikuwa mmoja wa mawakili wa utetezi wa Anders Behring Breivik katika kesi yake inayohusiana na 2011 Norway attacks. == Wasifu == Kuanzia 1992 hadi 1999, Bæra ambaye anatoka mji wa Porsgrunn katika eneo la Telemark, alifanya kazi kama wakili katika kampuni ya Lippestad AS. Mwaka 2000 hadi 2010, alifanya kazi kama wakili wa polisi katika Telemark Police District. Kuanzia 2010 hadi 2011, alihudumu kama mkurugenzi wa kanda wa Norwegian Labour Inspection Authority kwa eneo la Kusini mwa Norway. Mwaka 2011 alirudi tena kufanya kazi kama mshirika (partner) katika kampuni ya Lippestad AS. Alikuwa ameomba likizo ya mwaka mmoja kutoka kazi yake, lakini ombi hilo lilikataliwa. Hapo awali alipewa likizo ya miezi mitatu, kisha sita, lakini uongozi wa taasisi hiyo uliamua kuwa kuongeza muda zaidi haikuwa sahihi kwa sababu hakutoa uhakika wa kurejea kazini baada ya likizo. Katika taarifa za habari za Oktoba 2011, baadhi ya wasimamizi wa kati waliokuwa wakifanya kazi chini yake walimpongeza kwa uwezo wake wa uongozi.<ref>{{Cite news |title= Får ikke permisjon til forsvarerjobben |trans-title=Will not get leave to work as defence counsel |author1=Walberg, Ola |author2=Stensholt, Anette Dotseth |url= [http://www.nrk.no/nyheter/distrikt/ostafjells/telemark/1.7845414](http://www.nrk.no/nyheter/distrikt/ostafjells/telemark/1.7845414) |publisher= [[NRK]] |date= 24 October 2011 |access-date= 27 April 2012}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1964|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] g5dbnil1vt6kxmkwnvkhjt75t2lckhp 1549735 1549728 2026-05-24T12:31:45Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549735 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vibeke Hein Bæra''' (alizaliwa 29 Julai 1964) ni wakili kutoka [[Norwei]]. Alikuwa mmoja wa mawakili wa utetezi wa Anders Behring Breivik katika kesi yake inayohusiana na 2011 Norway attacks. == Wasifu == Kuanzia 1992 hadi 1999, Bæra ambaye anatoka mji wa Porsgrunn katika eneo la Telemark, alifanya kazi kama wakili katika kampuni ya Lippestad AS. Mwaka 2000 hadi 2010, alifanya kazi kama wakili wa polisi katika Telemark Police District. Kuanzia 2010 hadi 2011, alihudumu kama mkurugenzi wa kanda wa Norwegian Labour Inspection Authority kwa eneo la Kusini mwa Norway. Mwaka 2011 alirudi tena kufanya kazi kama mshirika (partner) katika kampuni ya Lippestad AS. Alikuwa ameomba likizo ya mwaka mmoja kutoka kazi yake, lakini ombi hilo lilikataliwa. Hapo awali alipewa likizo ya miezi mitatu, kisha sita, lakini uongozi wa taasisi hiyo uliamua kuwa kuongeza muda zaidi haikuwa sahihi kwa sababu hakutoa uhakika wa kurejea kazini baada ya likizo. Katika taarifa za habari za Oktoba 2011, baadhi ya wasimamizi wa kati waliokuwa wakifanya kazi chini yake walimpongeza kwa uwezo wake wa uongozi.<ref>{{Rejea habari |title= Får ikke permisjon til forsvarerjobben |trans-title=Will not get leave to work as defence counsel |author1=Walberg, Ola |author2=Stensholt, Anette Dotseth |url= [http://www.nrk.no/nyheter/distrikt/ostafjells/telemark/1.7845414](http://www.nrk.no/nyheter/distrikt/ostafjells/telemark/1.7845414) |publisher= [[NRK]] |date= 24 October 2011 |access-date= 27 April 2012}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1964|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] g1b8jvci67iey8gqtb1r0rxvz6ei4xx Gudbrand Bakken 0 238329 1549731 2026-05-24T12:29:22Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Gudbrand Bakken''' (13 Mei 1941 – 1 Oktoba 2024) alikuwa daktari wa mifugo na mtumishi wa serikali kutoka [[Norwei]]. Aliwahi kuwa Mkurugenzi wa Taasisi ya Veterinærinstituttet na pia Mkurugenzi Mkuu katika Wizara ya Kilimo na Chakula ya Norwei. == Kazi == Bakken alizaliwa katika Fåvang tarehe 13 Mei 1941. Alihitimu kutoka Norwegian School of Veterinary Science mwaka 1965 na baadaye akapata shahada ya udaktari (PhD) mwaka 1981. Alianza kufanya kazi...' 1549731 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gudbrand Bakken''' (13 Mei 1941 – 1 Oktoba 2024) alikuwa daktari wa mifugo na mtumishi wa serikali kutoka [[Norwei]]. Aliwahi kuwa Mkurugenzi wa Taasisi ya Veterinærinstituttet na pia Mkurugenzi Mkuu katika Wizara ya Kilimo na Chakula ya Norwei. == Kazi == Bakken alizaliwa katika Fåvang tarehe 13 Mei 1941. Alihitimu kutoka Norwegian School of Veterinary Science mwaka 1965 na baadaye akapata shahada ya udaktari (PhD) mwaka 1981. Alianza kufanya kazi katika Taasis ya Vetenary mwaka 1974, na baadaye akateuliwa kuwa mkurugenzi wa taasisi hiyo kuanzia 1990 hadi 1998. Kuanzia 1998 hadi 2006, alihudumu kama Mkurugenzi Mkuu katika Wizara ya Kilimo na Chakula ya Norwei. Mwaka 2007 alitunukiwa cheo cha **Knight, Daraja la Kwanza la Order of St. Olav** kwa mchango wake katika utumishi wa umma na taaluma yake.<ref>{{cite web|title= Tildelinger av ordener og medaljer |url=[https://www.kongehuset.no/tildelinger.html?tid=28028&sek=27995&q=Gudbrand+Bakken&type=&aarstall=](https://www.kongehuset.no/tildelinger.html?tid=28028&sek=27995&q=Gudbrand+Bakken&type=&aarstall=) |website=kongehuset.no |language=no |access-date=10 October 2024 }}</ref> Bakken alifariki tarehe 1 Oktoba 2024 akiwa na umri wa miaka 83.<ref>{{Cite news |title= Nekrolog: Gudbrand Bakken sto trygt i stormen |first=Roar |last=Gudding |language=no |date=8 October 2024 |url=[https://www.aftenposten.no/nekrolog/i/OojAVO/nekrolog-gudbrand-bakken-19412024](https://www.aftenposten.no/nekrolog/i/OojAVO/nekrolog-gudbrand-bakken-19412024) |url-access=subscription |work=Aftenposten |access-date=10 October 2024}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1941|2024}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 0awgwzikr0frisatxka41j62k97nuet 1549901 1549731 2026-05-24T16:35:36Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549901 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gudbrand Bakken''' (13 Mei 1941 – 1 Oktoba 2024) alikuwa daktari wa mifugo na mtumishi wa serikali kutoka [[Norwei]]. Aliwahi kuwa Mkurugenzi wa Taasisi ya Veterinærinstituttet na pia Mkurugenzi Mkuu katika Wizara ya Kilimo na Chakula ya Norwei. == Kazi == Bakken alizaliwa katika Fåvang tarehe 13 Mei 1941. Alihitimu kutoka Norwegian School of Veterinary Science mwaka 1965 na baadaye akapata shahada ya udaktari (PhD) mwaka 1981. Alianza kufanya kazi katika Taasis ya Vetenary mwaka 1974, na baadaye akateuliwa kuwa mkurugenzi wa taasisi hiyo kuanzia 1990 hadi 1998. Kuanzia 1998 hadi 2006, alihudumu kama Mkurugenzi Mkuu katika Wizara ya Kilimo na Chakula ya Norwei. Mwaka 2007 alitunukiwa cheo cha **Knight, Daraja la Kwanza la Order of St. Olav** kwa mchango wake katika utumishi wa umma na taaluma yake.<ref>{{cite web|title= Tildelinger av ordener og medaljer |url=[https://www.kongehuset.no/tildelinger.html?tid=28028&sek=27995&q=Gudbrand+Bakken&type=&aarstall=](https://www.kongehuset.no/tildelinger.html?tid=28028&sek=27995&q=Gudbrand+Bakken&type=&aarstall=) |website=kongehuset.no |language=no |access-date=10 October 2024 }}</ref> Bakken alifariki tarehe 1 Oktoba 2024 akiwa na umri wa miaka 83.<ref>{{Rejea habari |title= Nekrolog: Gudbrand Bakken sto trygt i stormen |first=Roar |last=Gudding |language=no |date=8 October 2024 |url=[https://www.aftenposten.no/nekrolog/i/OojAVO/nekrolog-gudbrand-bakken-19412024](https://www.aftenposten.no/nekrolog/i/OojAVO/nekrolog-gudbrand-bakken-19412024) |url-access=subscription |work=Aftenposten |access-date=10 October 2024}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1941|2024}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] r60ikc5bnhp5y9h948emmolmakzt00q Kate Pankhurst 0 238330 1549733 2026-05-24T12:31:10Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Kate Pankhurst''' ni [[mwandishi]] na mchoraji picha wa [[Uingereza]], anayejulikana kwa mfululizo wa vitabu vya picha vya watoto. Alishinda nafasi ya pili katika Tuzo ya Macmillan ya [[2002]] Macmillan Prize for Picture Book Illustration.<ref name="yorkshirepost">{{cite news|title=Illustrator draws inspiration from women who changed the world|url=http://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/news/analysis/illustrator-draws-inspiration-from-women-who-changed-the-world...' 1549733 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kate Pankhurst''' ni [[mwandishi]] na mchoraji picha wa [[Uingereza]], anayejulikana kwa mfululizo wa vitabu vya picha vya watoto. Alishinda nafasi ya pili katika Tuzo ya Macmillan ya [[2002]] Macmillan Prize for Picture Book Illustration.<ref name="yorkshirepost">{{cite news|title=Illustrator draws inspiration from women who changed the world|url=http://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/news/analysis/illustrator-draws-inspiration-from-women-who-changed-the-world-1-8110654|access-date=18 November 2017|work=Yorkshire Post|date=7 September 2016|archive-date=1 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201132910/https://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/news/analysis/illustrator-draws-inspiration-from-women-who-changed-the-world-1-8110654|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa mwaka usiojulikana]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] t0qdqkfqozrhv7kugbzhap9xpcvrotf Bjørn Barth 0 238331 1549739 2026-05-24T12:33:53Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bjørn Barth''' (22 Machi 1931 – 1 Mei 2014) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia na balozi kutoka [[Norwei]]. == Wasifu == Alizaliwa katika mji wa Sandefjord katika mkoa wa Vestfold. Aliingia katika Huduma ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1959. Katika taaluma yake ya kidiplomasia, alihudumu katika nafasi mbalimbali, zikiwemo ubalozi wa Norway mjini Brussels (1973–1977), na pia katika ujumbe wa Norway kwenye OECD mjini Paris (1975–1976). Pia alifanya kazi kat...' 1549739 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bjørn Barth''' (22 Machi 1931 – 1 Mei 2014) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia na balozi kutoka [[Norwei]]. == Wasifu == Alizaliwa katika mji wa Sandefjord katika mkoa wa Vestfold. Aliingia katika Huduma ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1959. Katika taaluma yake ya kidiplomasia, alihudumu katika nafasi mbalimbali, zikiwemo ubalozi wa Norway mjini Brussels (1973–1977), na pia katika ujumbe wa Norway kwenye OECD mjini Paris (1975–1976). Pia alifanya kazi katika Ubalozi wa Norway mjini Washington, D.C. (1977–1981). Baadaye aliteuliwa kuwa balozi wa Norway nchini Baghdad (1981–1982), kisha balozi katika OECD mjini Paris (1989–1993), nchini Athens (1993–1996), na hatimaye mjini The Hague (1996–1999).<ref name=snl>{{cite web|title=Bjørn Barth|url=[https://www.snl.no/Bjørn_Barth|website=Store](https://www.snl.no/Bjørn_Barth|website=Store) Norske Leksikon}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Barth, Bjoern}} {{BD|1931|2014}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] ohlzn9jt8kfh4ufgj3yevuv4dq5g02k Finn Bergesen 0 238332 1549741 2026-05-24T12:36:35Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Finn Bergesen''' (3 Septemba 1945 – 11 Septemba 2012) alikuwa mtumishi wa umma na mfanyabiashara kutoka [[Norwei]]. == Maisha na Kazi == Alifanya kazi katika Wizara ya Uvuvi ya Norway (Ministry of Fisheries) na Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway (Ministry of Foreign Affairs) kati ya mwaka 1973 hadi 1983. Baada ya hapo aliteuliwa kuwa katibu mkuu wa Norges Fiskarlag, nafasi aliyoshikilia hadi mwaka 1989. Kisha akawa mkurugenzi mtendaji wa Norges Sildes...' 1549741 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Finn Bergesen''' (3 Septemba 1945 – 11 Septemba 2012) alikuwa mtumishi wa umma na mfanyabiashara kutoka [[Norwei]]. == Maisha na Kazi == Alifanya kazi katika Wizara ya Uvuvi ya Norway (Ministry of Fisheries) na Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway (Ministry of Foreign Affairs) kati ya mwaka 1973 hadi 1983. Baada ya hapo aliteuliwa kuwa katibu mkuu wa Norges Fiskarlag, nafasi aliyoshikilia hadi mwaka 1989. Kisha akawa mkurugenzi mtendaji wa Norges Sildesalgslag kuanzia 1990 hadi 1995. Kuanzia 1995 hadi 1998 alikuwa mkurugenzi mkuu wa Kavli Holding, na kuanzia 1999 hadi 2009 alikuwa mkurugenzi mkuu wa Confederation of Norwegian Enterprise.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Finn Bergesen|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|url=[http://www.snl.no/Finn_Bergesen}}](http://www.snl.no/Finn_Bergesen}})</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1945|2012}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 28uiz39kss6wdu60wwb2dee7topa4jl William Pars 0 238333 1549742 2026-05-24T12:37:56Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''William Pars''' ([[Februari 28]], [[1742]] – [[1782]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] wa picha za watu na mandhari kwa rangi za maji na kawaida, nchini [[Uingereza]]. <ref>Likely to have been in Richmond House, [[Whitehall]], London. Built in 1736, destroyed by fire in 1791. See [http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_6720/is_2_8/ai_n28484737/]</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1742]] Jamii:Wa...' 1549742 wikitext text/x-wiki '''William Pars''' ([[Februari 28]], [[1742]] – [[1782]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] wa picha za watu na mandhari kwa rangi za maji na kawaida, nchini [[Uingereza]]. <ref>Likely to have been in Richmond House, [[Whitehall]], London. Built in 1736, destroyed by fire in 1791. See [http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_6720/is_2_8/ai_n28484737/]</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1742]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1782]] mnhtmspt81q1a81xh2l0ddxwbjvpdx5 Dag Berggrav 0 238334 1549743 2026-05-24T12:39:02Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Dag Berggrav''' (17 Mei 1925 – 3 Mei 2003) alikuwa mwanasheria, mtumishi wa umma na msimamizi wa michezo kutoka [[Norwei]]. Anajulikana zaidi kwa utumishi wake wa muda mrefu katika Ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu wa Norway (Norwegian Office of the Prime Minister), pamoja na kushika nyadhifa muhimu katika uongozi wa michezo, ikiwemo nafasi ya makamu wa rais wa Shirikisho la Kimataifa la Ski (International Ski Federation). == Maisha ya Awali na Familia == Alizali...' 1549743 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dag Berggrav''' (17 Mei 1925 – 3 Mei 2003) alikuwa mwanasheria, mtumishi wa umma na msimamizi wa michezo kutoka [[Norwei]]. Anajulikana zaidi kwa utumishi wake wa muda mrefu katika Ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu wa Norway (Norwegian Office of the Prime Minister), pamoja na kushika nyadhifa muhimu katika uongozi wa michezo, ikiwemo nafasi ya makamu wa rais wa Shirikisho la Kimataifa la Ski (International Ski Federation). == Maisha ya Awali na Familia == Alizaliwa mjini Oslo akiwa mtoto wa askofu Eivind Berggrav na Kathrine Seip, na mjukuu wa askofu Otto Jensen. Alikulia katika miji ya Tromsø na Oslo, ambapo baba yake alikuwa askofu kati ya mwaka 1928 hadi 1951.<ref name=bio>{{cite web|url=[http://www.regjeringen.no/nn/dep/smk/Aktuelt/Talar-og-artiklar/Taler-og-artiklar-av-embetsverk/Minneord-om-Dag-Berggrav--embetsmannen-Av-regjeringsrad-Nina-Frisak-og-tidl-departementsrad-Bjorn-T-Grydeland.html?id=113094|title=Dag](http://www.regjeringen.no/nn/dep/smk/Aktuelt/Talar-og-artiklar/Taler-og-artiklar-av-embetsverk/Minneord-om-Dag-Berggrav--embetsmannen-Av-regjeringsrad-Nina-Frisak-og-tidl-departementsrad-Bjorn-T-Grydeland.html?id=113094|title=Dag) Berggrav - embetsmannen|publisher=Government.no}}</ref> Wakati wa uvamizi wa Norway na Ujerumani ya Nazi, alifungwa katika Akershus Fortress kuanzia 20 Desemba 1944 hadi mwisho wa Vita ya Pili ya Dunia mwaka 1945.<ref>{{cite book|editor=Ottosen, Kristian|title=Nordmenn i fangenskap 1940–1945|publisher=Universitetsforlaget}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1925|2003}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] cvusu8ql29twiqhvm5frrzvvn36a12b Elisabeth Berge 0 238335 1549750 2026-05-24T12:44:05Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Elisabeth Berge''' (27 Novemba 1954 – 12 Aprili 2020) alikuwa mfanyabiashara na mtumishi wa serikali kutoka [[Norwei]]. == Kazi == Berge alifanya kazi katika Wizara ya Petroli na Nishati ya Norwei kuanzia 1981 hadi 1990, na tangu 1986 akiwa Naibu Katibu Mkuu wa Serikali (deputy under-secretary of State). Baadaye alijiunga na kampuni ya Statoil (1990–2004), ambapo kuanzia 2001 alikuwa mkuu wa mawasiliano. Mwaka 2004 aliteuliwa kuwa Katibu Mkuu wa K...' 1549750 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elisabeth Berge''' (27 Novemba 1954 – 12 Aprili 2020) alikuwa mfanyabiashara na mtumishi wa serikali kutoka [[Norwei]]. == Kazi == Berge alifanya kazi katika Wizara ya Petroli na Nishati ya Norwei kuanzia 1981 hadi 1990, na tangu 1986 akiwa Naibu Katibu Mkuu wa Serikali (deputy under-secretary of State). Baadaye alijiunga na kampuni ya Statoil (1990–2004), ambapo kuanzia 2001 alikuwa mkuu wa mawasiliano. Mwaka 2004 aliteuliwa kuwa Katibu Mkuu wa Kudumu wa Serikali (permanent under-secretary of State) katika Wizara ya Petroli na Nishati ya Norwei.<ref name=hvem>{{cite book |title=Hvem er hvem?|chapter=Berge, Elisabeth|year=2008|editor=Åmås, Knut Olav|editor-link=Knut Olav Åmås|publisher=Aschehoug |location=Oslo |isbn=978-82-03-23561-0|page=53}}</ref><ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Elisabeth Berge|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|url=[http://www.snl.no/Elisabeth_Berge|language=Norwegian|accessdate=17](http://www.snl.no/Elisabeth_Berge|language=Norwegian|accessdate=17) February 2011}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1954|2020}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] kw806nomky6e9fn591oyybtqcwdw6zc Bernard Partridge 0 238336 1549753 2026-05-24T12:44:36Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sir John Bernard Partridge''' ([[Oktoba 11]], [[1861]] – [[Agosti 9]], [[1945]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] picha wa [[Uingereza]]. Alizaliwa [[London]], alikuwa mtoto wa Profesa [[Richard Partridge]], rais wa ''Royal College of Surgeons'', na mjukuu wa [[John Partridge]], mchoraji picha wa kipekee wa [[Malkia Victoria]]. Kwa miaka kadhaa alijulikana kama [[mwigizaji]] kwa jina la kisanii la Bernard Gould.<ref>{{cite news|title=Obituary: Sir Bernard Partrid...' 1549753 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sir John Bernard Partridge''' ([[Oktoba 11]], [[1861]] – [[Agosti 9]], [[1945]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] picha wa [[Uingereza]]. Alizaliwa [[London]], alikuwa mtoto wa Profesa [[Richard Partridge]], rais wa ''Royal College of Surgeons'', na mjukuu wa [[John Partridge]], mchoraji picha wa kipekee wa [[Malkia Victoria]]. Kwa miaka kadhaa alijulikana kama [[mwigizaji]] kwa jina la kisanii la Bernard Gould.<ref>{{cite news|title=Obituary: Sir Bernard Partridge|newspaper=The Times|date=11 August 1945|page=6}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachongaji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1861]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1945]] 5cdqnfujprsztwctq661xzhirhknyhz Jostein Helge Bernhardsen 0 238337 1549758 2026-05-24T12:46:18Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jostein Helge Bernhardsen''' (18 Juni 1945 – 27 Desemba 2023) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norwei]]. == Maisha na Kazi == Alianza kufanya kazi katika Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs mwaka 1973, na baadaye akawa mkuu wa idara ndani ya wizara hiyo kuanzia 1995 hadi 2001. Kuanzia 2001 hadi 2006 alikuwa balozi wa Norway nchini Ukraine, na kuanzia 2006 hadi 2011 alikuwa balozi wa Norway nchini Belgium. == Tuzo == Mwaka 2002 alitunukiwa cheo ch...' 1549758 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jostein Helge Bernhardsen''' (18 Juni 1945 – 27 Desemba 2023) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norwei]]. == Maisha na Kazi == Alianza kufanya kazi katika Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs mwaka 1973, na baadaye akawa mkuu wa idara ndani ya wizara hiyo kuanzia 1995 hadi 2001. Kuanzia 2001 hadi 2006 alikuwa balozi wa Norway nchini Ukraine, na kuanzia 2006 hadi 2011 alikuwa balozi wa Norway nchini Belgium. == Tuzo == Mwaka 2002 alitunukiwa cheo cha Knight 1st Class cha Royal Norwegian Order of Merit kwa mchango wake katika huduma za kidiplomasia.<ref>{{cite web |url=[http://www.kongehuset.no/tildelinger.html?q=%22Jostein+H.+Bernhardsen%22&tid=32812&sek=27337](http://www.kongehuset.no/tildelinger.html?q=%22Jostein+H.+Bernhardsen%22&tid=32812&sek=27337) |title=Jostein H. Bernhardsen |publisher=Det Norske Kongehus |date=2 August 2002 |language=no}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1945|2023}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] iraoth0c6ukjpdhwtm1y16lkq39fssl Albert Henry Payne 0 238338 1549761 2026-05-24T12:48:27Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Albert Henry Payne''' ([[Desemba 14]], [[1812]] huko [[London]] – [[Mei 7]], [[1902]] huko [[Leipzig]]) alikuwa [[mchongaji]] chuma , [[mchoraji]] na mchoraji picha. Alikuwa [[Mwingereza]], lakini aliishi Leipzig kuanzia [[1839]] na kuendelea. Alisoma katika Royal Academy na alifanya kazi kwa wachapishaji mbalimbali huko London kabla ya kuhamia [[Ujerumani]]. Alianzisha Institut für Bildende Kunst huko Leipzig.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=...' 1549761 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Albert Henry Payne''' ([[Desemba 14]], [[1812]] huko [[London]] – [[Mei 7]], [[1902]] huko [[Leipzig]]) alikuwa [[mchongaji]] chuma , [[mchoraji]] na mchoraji picha. Alikuwa [[Mwingereza]], lakini aliishi Leipzig kuanzia [[1839]] na kuendelea. Alisoma katika Royal Academy na alifanya kazi kwa wachapishaji mbalimbali huko London kabla ya kuhamia [[Ujerumani]]. Alianzisha Institut für Bildende Kunst huko Leipzig.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=OkiW--37TGAC&dq=%22albert+henry+payne%22&pg=PA413 The English Bach Awakening By Michael Kassler, Yo Tomita, Philip Olleson; pg 413]</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachongaji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1812]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1902]] c665rrvl88hzyc20cxmhmv4g7oe6cd7 Olav Berstad 0 238339 1549762 2026-05-24T12:48:43Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Olav Berstad''' (alizaliwa 19 Septemba 1953) ni mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norwei]]. Alizaliwa mjini [[Tromsø]] na ana shahada ya **cand.mag.**. Alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norwei mwaka 1980. Baada ya kuhudumu kama naibu mkurugenzi kuanzia 1996 hadi 1998, aliteuliwa kuwa balozi wa Norway nchini [[Azerbaijan]] kuanzia 1998 hadi 2001,<ref>{{cite news | url=[http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=NewsLibrary&p_mult...' 1549762 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Olav Berstad''' (alizaliwa 19 Septemba 1953) ni mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norwei]]. Alizaliwa mjini [[Tromsø]] na ana shahada ya **cand.mag.**. Alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norwei mwaka 1980. Baada ya kuhudumu kama naibu mkurugenzi kuanzia 1996 hadi 1998, aliteuliwa kuwa balozi wa Norway nchini [[Azerbaijan]] kuanzia 1998 hadi 2001,<ref>{{cite news | url=[http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=NewsLibrary&p_multi=BBAB&d_place=BBAB&p_theme=newslibrary2&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0F99F7AA80552492&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM](http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=NewsLibrary&p_multi=BBAB&d_place=BBAB&p_theme=newslibrary2&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0F99F7AA80552492&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM) | title=Norway's OSCE envoy to visit Azerbaijan to discuss Armenian-Azeri conflict | work=BBC Monitoring International Reports | date=2 April 1999 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=[http://azer.com/aiweb/categories/magazine/71_folder/71_articles/71_diplomatic.html](http://azer.com/aiweb/categories/magazine/71_folder/71_articles/71_diplomatic.html) | title=Interview: Norwegian Ambassador, Olav Berstad | work=Azerbaijan International | date=Spring 1999 }}</ref> na baadaye balozi nchini [[Ukraine]] kuanzia 2006 hadi 2011. Tangu Mei 2013, amekuwa mwenyekiti wa bodi ya chama cha wamiliki wa nyumba cha Tangen V huko Nesodden, Akershus, Norway.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Olav Berstad|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|url=[http://www.snl.no/Olav_Berstad|language=Norwegian|accessdate=14](http://www.snl.no/Olav_Berstad|language=Norwegian|accessdate=14) April 2013}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1953|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 1xuj6r7shjbj6qcn5szk15luf8y2848 Haakon Bingen 0 238340 1549763 2026-05-24T12:50:40Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Haakon Bingen''' (22 Septemba 1918 – 16 Machi 2002) alikuwa mchumi na mtumishi wa umma kutoka Norwei. == Historia == Alizaliwa katika eneo la Trøgstad, na alisoma uchumi katika University of Oslo. Wakati chuo kikuu kilipofungwa kutokana na uvamizi wa Norway na Ujerumani ya Nazi, alifanya kazi katika Statistics Norway. Baada ya vita, alirejea masomoni na kuhitimu shahada ya cand.oecon. mwaka 1946. Kisha alisoma kwa muda mfupi katika Harvard Universi...' 1549763 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Haakon Bingen''' (22 Septemba 1918 – 16 Machi 2002) alikuwa mchumi na mtumishi wa umma kutoka Norwei. == Historia == Alizaliwa katika eneo la Trøgstad, na alisoma uchumi katika University of Oslo. Wakati chuo kikuu kilipofungwa kutokana na uvamizi wa Norway na Ujerumani ya Nazi, alifanya kazi katika Statistics Norway. Baada ya vita, alirejea masomoni na kuhitimu shahada ya cand.oecon. mwaka 1946. Kisha alisoma kwa muda mfupi katika Harvard University kabla ya kuajiriwa katika International Monetary Fund. Alikuwa baba wa mwanasayansi wa siasa Jon Bingen. Alifariki dunia Machi 2002 baada ya ugonjwa wa muda mfupi.<ref name=obit1>{{cite news|title=Haakon Bingen (obituary)|author=Brattestå, Hans; Hals, Gunnar|work=Aftenposten|date=27 March 2002|language=Norwegian}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1918|2002}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] m3fhlgcx3x8mlks7plgn8lu39t5xztd Alister Pearson 0 238341 1549764 2026-05-24T12:50:57Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Alister Pearson''' ni [[msanii]] na [[mchoraji]] picha nchini [[Uingereza]]. Alijulikana zaidi kwa kazi yake kwenye majalada ya riwaya za ''Doctor Who'', video na riwaya nyinginezo.<ref>[http://nzdwfc.tetrap.com/archive/tsv38/dilemma.html Preddle, Jon - "Doctor's Dilemma" TSV38]</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa mwaka usiojulikana]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]]' 1549764 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alister Pearson''' ni [[msanii]] na [[mchoraji]] picha nchini [[Uingereza]]. Alijulikana zaidi kwa kazi yake kwenye majalada ya riwaya za ''Doctor Who'', video na riwaya nyinginezo.<ref>[http://nzdwfc.tetrap.com/archive/tsv38/dilemma.html Preddle, Jon - "Doctor's Dilemma" TSV38]</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa mwaka usiojulikana]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] g3h8u8xuoltf4ihd812c9f6yy6r3151 Inger Elise Birkeland 0 238342 1549765 2026-05-24T12:53:55Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Inger Elise Birkeland''' (alizaliwa 1954 katika Årdal Municipality) ni mtumishi wa serikali na mwanasiasa wa Chama cha Labour cha [[Norwei]]. Tangu mwaka 2005, amehudumu kama Mkurugenzi wa Norwegian Centre for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies, taasisi ya utafiti inayomilikiwa na serikali ya Norway. Aliwahi kuwa mshauri wa kisiasa wa Waziri Mkuu wa Norway Gro Harlem Brundtland katika Ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu kuanzia 1992 hadi 1996.<ref name="regjering...' 1549765 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Inger Elise Birkeland''' (alizaliwa 1954 katika Årdal Municipality) ni mtumishi wa serikali na mwanasiasa wa Chama cha Labour cha [[Norwei]]. Tangu mwaka 2005, amehudumu kama Mkurugenzi wa Norwegian Centre for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies, taasisi ya utafiti inayomilikiwa na serikali ya Norway. Aliwahi kuwa mshauri wa kisiasa wa Waziri Mkuu wa Norway Gro Harlem Brundtland katika Ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu kuanzia 1992 hadi 1996.<ref name="regjeringen">{{cite web |url= [https://www.regjeringen.no/globalassets/upload/smk/vedlegg/tidligere-pressemeldinger/1992/ny-radgiver-hos-statsministeren.pdf](https://www.regjeringen.no/globalassets/upload/smk/vedlegg/tidligere-pressemeldinger/1992/ny-radgiver-hos-statsministeren.pdf) |title= Ny rådgiver hos statsministeren |publisher= Prime Minister's Office |date= 14 July 1992 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= [http://www.dagbladet.no/nyheter/2000/03/14/197835.html](http://www.dagbladet.no/nyheter/2000/03/14/197835.html) |title= Klart for Arbeiderpartiets Spice Girls |work= Dagbladet | date= 14 March 2000 }}</ref> Pia alikuwa mwanachama wa baraza la jiji la Oslo kuanzia 1992 hadi 1996. Katika utumishi wa umma, alifanya kazi katika Norwegian Directorate of Health (1978–1983), katika Wizara ya Afya ya Norwei (1997–1998), na baadaye kama mshauri katika IBM Global Services (1998–2005).<ref>{{cite web |url= [https://www.nkvts.no/ansatt/inger-elise-birkeland/](https://www.nkvts.no/ansatt/inger-elise-birkeland/) |title= Birkeland, Inger Elise |publisher= Norwegian Centre for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1954|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] mbkh6ve2tsz27z07boxgz8dn4i2jgvi Michael Birkeland 0 238343 1549766 2026-05-24T12:57:19Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Michael Birkeland''' (16 Desemba 1830 – 24 Mei 1896) alikuwa mwanahistoria, mtumishi wa umma na mwanasiasa kutoka [[Norwei]]. == Maisha == Alizaliwa katika mji wa Egersund katika mkoa wa Rogaland. Mwaka 1855 alihitimu shahada ya sheria kutoka University of Oslo. Mwaka 1852 alianza kufanya kazi kama msaidizi katika National Archives of Norway, na mwaka 1863 akawa msimamizi mkuu (National Archivist) wa taasisi hiyo. Aliwahi pia kuwa mmoja wa waanzili...' 1549766 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michael Birkeland''' (16 Desemba 1830 – 24 Mei 1896) alikuwa mwanahistoria, mtumishi wa umma na mwanasiasa kutoka [[Norwei]]. == Maisha == Alizaliwa katika mji wa Egersund katika mkoa wa Rogaland. Mwaka 1855 alihitimu shahada ya sheria kutoka University of Oslo. Mwaka 1852 alianza kufanya kazi kama msaidizi katika National Archives of Norway, na mwaka 1863 akawa msimamizi mkuu (National Archivist) wa taasisi hiyo. Aliwahi pia kuwa mmoja wa waanzilishi wa Norwegian Historical Association mwaka 1869, na aliihariri jarida la kitaaluma la Historisk Tidsskrift (Norway) kuanzia 1869 hadi 1879. Baadaye alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge wa bunge la Norway, Storting, ambapo alihudumu kuanzia 1880 hadi 1885. Mwaka 1875 alitunukiwa cheo cha Knight wa Order of St. Olav kwa mchango wake katika historia na utumishi wa umma.<ref name="nbl">{{cite encyclopedia |title=Michael Birkeland |encyclopedia=[[Norsk biografisk leksikon]] |publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget |location=Oslo |url=[http://www.snl.no/.nbl_biografi/Michael_Birkeland/utdypning}}](http://www.snl.no/.nbl_biografi/Michael_Birkeland/utdypning}})</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1830|1896}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] em99gqfys2jfh5h78yrnuepj44azyei Al Pease 0 238344 1549767 2026-05-24T12:57:36Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Alan "Al" Victor Pease''' ([[Oktoba 15]], [[1921]] – [[Mei 4]], [[2014]]) alikuwa dereva wa mbio za magari nchini [[Uingereza]] na [[Kanada]]. Alishikilia sifa ya kipekee ya kuwa dereva pekee aliyefuzu kutoka kwenye mbio za [[Formula One]] World Championship kutokana na kuwa polepole sana.<ref>{{cite web |title=Obituary information for Alan "Al" Victor Pease |url=https://www.atchleyfuneralhome.com/obituaries/Alan-Al-Victor-Pease?obId=2565457 |website=...' 1549767 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alan "Al" Victor Pease''' ([[Oktoba 15]], [[1921]] – [[Mei 4]], [[2014]]) alikuwa dereva wa mbio za magari nchini [[Uingereza]] na [[Kanada]]. Alishikilia sifa ya kipekee ya kuwa dereva pekee aliyefuzu kutoka kwenye mbio za [[Formula One]] World Championship kutokana na kuwa polepole sana.<ref>{{cite web |title=Obituary information for Alan "Al" Victor Pease |url=https://www.atchleyfuneralhome.com/obituaries/Alan-Al-Victor-Pease?obId=2565457 |website=www.atchleyfuneralhome.com |accessdate=2023-08-29}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1921]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2014]] hsmsx4crq87b1njb1zmsxqd62022g2h Ove Bjelke 0 238345 1549768 2026-05-24T12:59:38Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ove Bjelke''' (26 Oktoba 1611 – 29 Machi 1674) alikuwa mtukufu wa [[Norwei]], mtoa huduma wa kifalme (feudal lord) na mwanasiasa. Alihudumu kama Chansela wa Norwei kuanzia 1660 hadi 1674, nafasi ya juu ya kiutawala katika serikali ya wakati huo wa ufalme wa Denmark–Norway.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Ove Bjelke |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |editor-last=Godal | editor-first=Anne Marit |publisher=Norsk nettleksikon |location=Oslo |url=[h...' 1549768 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ove Bjelke''' (26 Oktoba 1611 – 29 Machi 1674) alikuwa mtukufu wa [[Norwei]], mtoa huduma wa kifalme (feudal lord) na mwanasiasa. Alihudumu kama Chansela wa Norwei kuanzia 1660 hadi 1674, nafasi ya juu ya kiutawala katika serikali ya wakati huo wa ufalme wa Denmark–Norway.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Ove Bjelke |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |editor-last=Godal | editor-first=Anne Marit |publisher=Norsk nettleksikon |location=Oslo |url=[http://www.snl.no/Ove_Bjelke](http://www.snl.no/Ove_Bjelke) |language=Norwegian|access-date=6 July 2012}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1611|1674}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] f4y4s1c2e8jgdyy4q411kwctoybwj5k Fred Pegram 0 238346 1549769 2026-05-24T13:00:11Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Frederick Pegram''' ([[Desemba 19]], [[1870]] – [[Agosti 23]], [[1937]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] picha na mchora katuni wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye alitengeneza kazi kwa ajili ya magazeti kama The Pall Mall Gazette, Punch Magazine, The Idler, Illustrated London News, The Tatler, na The Daily Chronicle. Alisoma chini ya [[Fred Brown]] na alitumia muda huko [[Paris]]. Alijulikana kwa michoro yake ya kina na kejeli za kijamii. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbeg...' 1549769 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frederick Pegram''' ([[Desemba 19]], [[1870]] – [[Agosti 23]], [[1937]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] picha na mchora katuni wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye alitengeneza kazi kwa ajili ya magazeti kama The Pall Mall Gazette, Punch Magazine, The Idler, Illustrated London News, The Tatler, na The Daily Chronicle. Alisoma chini ya [[Fred Brown]] na alitumia muda huko [[Paris]]. Alijulikana kwa michoro yake ya kina na kejeli za kijamii. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1870]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1937]] qfajvwxnukvlrr18wnvfdsfbebrvkh2 1549770 1549769 2026-05-24T13:00:47Z Ally0111 85292 1549770 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frederick Pegram''' ([[Desemba 19]], [[1870]] – [[Agosti 23]], [[1937]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] picha na mchora katuni wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye alitengeneza kazi kwa ajili ya magazeti kama The Pall Mall Gazette, Punch Magazine, The Idler, Illustrated London News, The Tatler, na The Daily Chronicle. Alisoma chini ya [[Fred Brown]] na alitumia muda huko [[Paris]]. Alijulikana kwa michoro yake ya kina na kejeli za kijamii.<ref name=Bertram>{{cite web |title=Alfred Bertram Pegram |website=Mapping the Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain and Ireland 1851-1951 |url=https://sculpture.gla.ac.uk/view/person.php?id=msib2_1203641937 |accessdate=2020-07-13 |via=University of Glasgow History of Art and HATII |archive-date=27 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200627191304/https://sculpture.gla.ac.uk/view/person.php?id=msib2_1203641937 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1870]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1937]] h7rw6rvtwchp5c9epuy02n8i8deno6u Sattar Khan 0 238347 1549771 2026-05-24T13:01:05Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sattar Khan''' ({{IPA|fa|sættːɒːɾ xɒn|IPA}}, 20 Oktoba 1866 – 17 Novemba 1914), aliyepewa jina la heshima la '''Sardār-e Melli''' (linalomaanisha ''Kamanda wa Kitaifa''), alikuwa mtu muhimu sana katika [[Mapinduzi ya Katiba ya Iran]] na anachukuliwa kama shujaa wa kitaifa na [[Watu wa Iran|wananchi wa Iran]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iranchamber.com/history/sattarkhan/sattar_khan.php|title=Historic Personalities of Iran: Sattar Khan|websit...' 1549771 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sattar Khan''' ({{IPA|fa|sættːɒːɾ xɒn|IPA}}, 20 Oktoba 1866 – 17 Novemba 1914), aliyepewa jina la heshima la '''Sardār-e Melli''' (linalomaanisha ''Kamanda wa Kitaifa''), alikuwa mtu muhimu sana katika [[Mapinduzi ya Katiba ya Iran]] na anachukuliwa kama shujaa wa kitaifa na [[Watu wa Iran|wananchi wa Iran]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iranchamber.com/history/sattarkhan/sattar_khan.php|title=Historic Personalities of Iran: Sattar Khan|website=www.iranchamber.com}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1866|1914}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] okikpif361tz70h8mk1rlu2gxo3kurr 1550028 1549771 2026-05-24T21:01:14Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1550028 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sattar Khan''' ({{IPA|fa|sættːɒːɾ xɒn|IPA}}, 20 Oktoba 1866 – 17 Novemba 1914), aliyepewa jina la heshima la '''Sardār-e Melli''' (linalomaanisha ''Kamanda wa Kitaifa''), alikuwa mtu muhimu sana katika [[Mapinduzi ya Katiba ya Iran]] na anachukuliwa kama shujaa wa kitaifa na [[Watu wa Iran|wananchi wa Iran]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.iranchamber.com/history/sattarkhan/sattar_khan.php|title=Historic Personalities of Iran: Sattar Khan|website=www.iranchamber.com}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1866|1914}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] b790wxfs2nw5qkg4d9x7q6rxuuiprqw Sayyed Ibrahim Estahbanati 0 238348 1549772 2026-05-24T13:04:02Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mirza Agha Ibrahim Estahbanati Shirazi''' (alifariki Hijria 1379) alikuwa [[Mwanasheria wa Kiislamu]] wa mwonzi wa [[Shia]] na mwanachuoni wa kidini nchini [[Iran]]. == Maisha ya mapema == Alizaliwa mjini Estahbanat katika [[Mkoa wa Fars]] nchini Iran mnamo mwaka 1279 wa kalenda ya Hijria (Lunar Hijrah). Alipata msukumo na msingi wa kidini kutoka kwa baba yake ambaye alikuwa mamlaka ya kidini (marja).<ref>{{Harvnb|A Glance at life of Mirza Ibrahim Ista...' 1549772 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mirza Agha Ibrahim Estahbanati Shirazi''' (alifariki Hijria 1379) alikuwa [[Mwanasheria wa Kiislamu]] wa mwonzi wa [[Shia]] na mwanachuoni wa kidini nchini [[Iran]]. == Maisha ya mapema == Alizaliwa mjini Estahbanat katika [[Mkoa wa Fars]] nchini Iran mnamo mwaka 1279 wa kalenda ya Hijria (Lunar Hijrah). Alipata msukumo na msingi wa kidini kutoka kwa baba yake ambaye alikuwa mamlaka ya kidini (marja).<ref>{{Harvnb|A Glance at life of Mirza Ibrahim Istahbanati|p=46}}</ref>{{Full citation needed|date=February 2016}}<ref>{{harv|Closet of scientists|vol=3|p=117}}</ref>{{Full citation needed|date=February 2016}} == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] suhdeljjbcf8cszumaxa3tltdrrm13q Asghar Sayyed Javadi 0 238349 1549773 2026-05-24T13:16:40Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ali-Asghar Sadr Haj Seyyed Javadi''' (1925–2018) alikuwa mwandishi, mwandishi wa habari, na mwanaharakati wa [[Irani|Iran]]. Kisiasa, alikuwa mpinzani mkubwa wa serikali zote mbili; ile ya [[Nasaba ya Pahlavi]] na ile ya [[Serikali ya Jamhuri ya Kiislamu ya Iran]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Parviz|last=Daneshvar|title=Revolution in Iran|publisher=Springer|page=212|date=2016|isbn=978-1349140626}}</ref> Kulingana na [[Farhang Rajaee]], alikuwa "msomi na mw...' 1549773 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ali-Asghar Sadr Haj Seyyed Javadi''' (1925–2018) alikuwa mwandishi, mwandishi wa habari, na mwanaharakati wa [[Irani|Iran]]. Kisiasa, alikuwa mpinzani mkubwa wa serikali zote mbili; ile ya [[Nasaba ya Pahlavi]] na ile ya [[Serikali ya Jamhuri ya Kiislamu ya Iran]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Parviz|last=Daneshvar|title=Revolution in Iran|publisher=Springer|page=212|date=2016|isbn=978-1349140626}}</ref> Kulingana na [[Farhang Rajaee]], alikuwa "msomi na mwanafikra mashuhuri wa zama zake".<ref>{{Citation|first1=Farhang|last1=Rajaee|title=Islamism and Modernism: The Changing Discourse in Iran|publisher=University of Texas Press|year=2010|pages=235|isbn=9780292774360}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1925|2018}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] hnqa1eeohnslbm8va4aq2eef8jatkpv Razieh Gholami-Shabani 0 238350 1549774 2026-05-24T13:20:08Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Razieh Gholami-Shabani''' (21 Aprili 1925 – 28 Januari 2013, [[Tabriz]], Iran) alikuwa mwanasiasa na mwanaharakati wa [[Azerbaijan|Azerbaijan.]] Alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kuwa mfungwa wa kisiasa katika historia ya Iran, na alikamatwa na kufungwa gerezani mara kwa mara kwa miaka mingi na [[Nasaba ya Pahlavi]] kwa kuwa mwanachama wa [[Serikali ya Watu wa Azerbaijan]]. Kukamatwa kwake kwa mara ya kwanza mnamo mwaka 1946 kulitokea akiwa na umri wa miaka...' 1549774 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Razieh Gholami-Shabani''' (21 Aprili 1925 – 28 Januari 2013, [[Tabriz]], Iran) alikuwa mwanasiasa na mwanaharakati wa [[Azerbaijan|Azerbaijan.]] Alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kuwa mfungwa wa kisiasa katika historia ya Iran, na alikamatwa na kufungwa gerezani mara kwa mara kwa miaka mingi na [[Nasaba ya Pahlavi]] kwa kuwa mwanachama wa [[Serikali ya Watu wa Azerbaijan]]. Kukamatwa kwake kwa mara ya kwanza mnamo mwaka 1946 kulitokea akiwa na umri wa miaka 21 tu. Baadaye alihamia nchini Ujerumani na kuelezea maisha yake katika kitabu kilichopewa jina la "Memoirs of a woman" (Kumbukumbu za Mwanamke). Kitabu hicho kilichapishwa na kampuni ya uandishi ya Aida nchini Ujerumani, lakini kilipigwa marufuku nchini Iran muda mfupi baadaye. Shabani alifariki dunia nchini Ujerumani mnamo tarehe 28 Januari 2013 akiwa na umri wa miaka 87.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tribuneiran.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1689&Itemid=49 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130216230215/http://www.tribuneiran.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1689&Itemid=49 |url-status=dead |archive-date=February 16, 2013 |title=Interview with Marzieh Golami Shabani |accessdate=30 January 2013 |publisher=[[Tribuiran]] }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1925|2013}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] 3z76o3vjb2bvvq5yxsk5k8dgulexjgi Hassan Shalchian 0 238351 1549775 2026-05-24T13:24:01Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Hassan Shalchian''' (1910 mjini [[Tehran]] - 2000 mjini Tehran<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://rasekhoon.net/mashahir/show/596652/%20%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%8C%20%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%86/ |title=شرح حال رجال سیاسی و نظامی معاصر ایران |access-date=2022-06-17 |archive-date=2016-10-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161002060628/http://rasekhoon.net/mashahir/show/596652/%20%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%86%DB%8C%...' 1549775 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hassan Shalchian''' (1910 mjini [[Tehran]] - 2000 mjini Tehran<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://rasekhoon.net/mashahir/show/596652/%20%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%8C%20%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%86/ |title=شرح حال رجال سیاسی و نظامی معاصر ایران |access-date=2022-06-17 |archive-date=2016-10-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161002060628/http://rasekhoon.net/mashahir/show/596652/%20%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%8C%20%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%86/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://donya-e-eqtesad.com/news/648998 دولت‌های پایدار هویدا]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://rc.majlis.ir/fa/law/show/95732 |title=تصمیم قانونی دائر به ابراز رأی اعتماد به دولت جناب آقای امیرعباس هویدا نخست‌وزیر |access-date=2022-06-17 |archive-date=2022-09-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920173059/https://rc.majlis.ir/fa/law/show/95732 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://gozarestan.ir/show.php?id=966 اسامی کابینه دولت ارتشبد ازهاری]</ref>) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Irani|Iran]], aliyehudumu kama [[Wizara ya Njia na Maendeleo ya Miji|Waziri wa Njia na Usafirishaji]] kuanzia tarehe 22 Novemba 1978 hadi 31 Desemba 1978. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1910|2000}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] fhpij2sg9sy9amn7pc8rgt3xc4wxvj7 1549902 1549775 2026-05-24T16:41:01Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1549902 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hassan Shalchian''' (1910 mjini [[Tehran]] - 2000 mjini Tehran<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://rasekhoon.net/mashahir/show/596652/%20%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%8C%20%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%86/ |title=شرح حال رجال سیاسی و نظامی معاصر ایران |access-date=2022-06-17 |archive-date=2016-10-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161002060628/http://rasekhoon.net/mashahir/show/596652/%20%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%8C%20%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%86/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://donya-e-eqtesad.com/news/648998 دولت‌های پایدار هویدا]</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://rc.majlis.ir/fa/law/show/95732 |title=تصمیم قانونی دائر به ابراز رأی اعتماد به دولت جناب آقای امیرعباس هویدا نخست‌وزیر |access-date=2022-06-17 |archive-date=2022-09-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920173059/https://rc.majlis.ir/fa/law/show/95732 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://gozarestan.ir/show.php?id=966 اسامی کابینه دولت ارتشبد ازهاری]</ref>) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Irani|Iran]], aliyehudumu kama [[Wizara ya Njia na Maendeleo ya Miji|Waziri wa Njia na Usafirishaji]] kuanzia tarehe 22 Novemba 1978 hadi 31 Desemba 1978. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1910|2000}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] fk3aitwcyb67069dd2xqn947tpgflu8 Khulani Hadebe 0 238352 1549776 2026-05-24T13:28:19Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Khulani Elphas Richard Hadebe''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini kutoka chama cha Economic Freedom Fighters na mbunge wa [[Bunge la Tanzania|Bunge]] la Kitaifa la [[Afrika]] Kusini tangu tarehe 16 Februari 2024. Alichukua nafasi ya Alice Mthembu aliyefariki dunia.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Khulani Elphas Richard Hadebe|url=http://www.pa.org.za/person/khulani-elphas-richard-hadebe/|work=People's Assembly|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Contact us...' 1549776 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Khulani Elphas Richard Hadebe''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini kutoka chama cha Economic Freedom Fighters na mbunge wa [[Bunge la Tanzania|Bunge]] la Kitaifa la [[Afrika]] Kusini tangu tarehe 16 Februari 2024. Alichukua nafasi ya Alice Mthembu aliyefariki dunia.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Khulani Elphas Richard Hadebe|url=http://www.pa.org.za/person/khulani-elphas-richard-hadebe/|work=People's Assembly|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Contact us People's Assembly Tel:465 8885 Fax:465 8887 2nd Floor 9 Church Square Parliament Street Cape Town 8001 South Africa}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=ANC MP Alice Mthembu dies in car accident|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/politics/2023-12-27-anc-mp-alice-mthembu-dies-in-car-accident/|work=TimesLIVE|date=2023-12-27|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] fwih5k97cshj29xgssiof2jf322o4m5 1549929 1549776 2026-05-24T17:28:59Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1549929 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Khulani Elphas Richard Hadebe''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini kutoka chama cha Economic Freedom Fighters na mbunge wa [[Bunge la Tanzania|Bunge]] la Kitaifa la [[Afrika]] Kusini tangu tarehe 16 Februari 2024. Alichukua nafasi ya Alice Mthembu aliyefariki dunia.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Khulani Elphas Richard Hadebe|url=http://www.pa.org.za/person/khulani-elphas-richard-hadebe/|work=People's Assembly|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Contact us People's Assembly Tel:465 8885 Fax:465 8887 2nd Floor 9 Church Square Parliament Street Cape Town 8001 South Africa}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=ANC MP Alice Mthembu dies in car accident|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/politics/2023-12-27-anc-mp-alice-mthembu-dies-in-car-accident/|work=TimesLIVE|date=2023-12-27|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] e75kefer7wyzm1eysjsmc47p0rydezk Melt Hamman 0 238353 1549777 2026-05-24T13:31:11Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Melt van Schoor Hamman''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini aliyewakilisha chama cha National Party (NP) katika [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa kutoka mwaka 1994 hadi 1999,<ref>{{Cite web|title=National Assembly - Members|url=http://www.parliament.gov.za/mps/mps.html|work=www.parliament.gov.za|accessdate=2026-05-24|author=ANC Input}}</ref> baada ya kuchaguliwa katika [[uchaguzi]] mkuu wa mwaka 1994. Wakati wa uchaguzi huo, alikuwa mkakati wa kampeni wa chama cha...' 1549777 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Melt van Schoor Hamman''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini aliyewakilisha chama cha National Party (NP) katika [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa kutoka mwaka 1994 hadi 1999,<ref>{{Cite web|title=National Assembly - Members|url=http://www.parliament.gov.za/mps/mps.html|work=www.parliament.gov.za|accessdate=2026-05-24|author=ANC Input}}</ref> baada ya kuchaguliwa katika [[uchaguzi]] mkuu wa mwaka 1994. Wakati wa uchaguzi huo, alikuwa mkakati wa kampeni wa chama cha NP kwa jimbo la Cape, na hapo awali aliwakilisha chama hicho katika Bunge la zama za [[ubaguzi]] wa rangi (apartheid).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mandela's Campaign Faces Uphill Battle in Cape Area|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-04-18-mn-47338-story.html|work=Los Angeles Times|date=1994-04-18|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] o446rjjl01rn87lgl15ywgxacfcd3b2 1549967 1549777 2026-05-24T18:49:01Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1549967 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Melt van Schoor Hamman''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini aliyewakilisha chama cha National Party (NP) katika [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa kutoka mwaka 1994 hadi 1999,<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=National Assembly - Members|url=http://www.parliament.gov.za/mps/mps.html|work=www.parliament.gov.za|accessdate=2026-05-24|author=ANC Input}}</ref> baada ya kuchaguliwa katika [[uchaguzi]] mkuu wa mwaka 1994. Wakati wa uchaguzi huo, alikuwa mkakati wa kampeni wa chama cha NP kwa jimbo la Cape, na hapo awali aliwakilisha chama hicho katika Bunge la zama za [[ubaguzi]] wa rangi (apartheid).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Mandela's Campaign Faces Uphill Battle in Cape Area|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-04-18-mn-47338-story.html|work=Los Angeles Times|date=1994-04-18|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] sa2cpvkq8irst86z6ngnttbeio9bqsi Effat Shariati 0 238354 1549778 2026-05-24T13:31:34Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Effat Shariati''' (alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1952) ni Mbunge wa zamani wa [[Bunge la Iran]],<ref>{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20110903102107/http://www.afppd.org/Newsletters/Issue_Jun_Jul06/Issue_Jun_Jul06.html 4th Asian-Pacific Women Parliamentarians and Ministers’ Conference, June 11-12, 2006. Wellington, New Zealand sponsored by the Asian Forum of Parliamentarians on Population and Development.]}} A picture of Mrs. Effat Shariati in the Gal...' 1549778 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Effat Shariati''' (alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1952) ni Mbunge wa zamani wa [[Bunge la Iran]],<ref>{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20110903102107/http://www.afppd.org/Newsletters/Issue_Jun_Jul06/Issue_Jun_Jul06.html 4th Asian-Pacific Women Parliamentarians and Ministers’ Conference, June 11-12, 2006. Wellington, New Zealand sponsored by the Asian Forum of Parliamentarians on Population and Development.]}} A picture of Mrs. Effat Shariati in the Gallery section. Accessed April 6, 2011</ref> na mkuu wa zamani wa [[Umoja wa Wabunge Wanawake wa Iran]]. Alizaliwa mjini [[Kerman]], na tangu miaka ya mapema ya [[Mapinduzi ya Kiislamu]] ya [[Iran]], alianza kujishughulisha na kazi za kitamaduni na kisiasa. Wakati wa [[Vita vya Iran na Iraq]], alikuwa mwandishi wa vipindi vinavyohusiana na vita katika shirika la [[Utangazaji la Jamhuri ya Kiislamu ya Iran]] (IRIB), ambalo ni kituo rasmi cha redio na televisheni cha serikali. Mnamo mwaka 1991, alichaguliwa kuwa mkuu wa kamati ya wanawake ya [[Mkoa wa Khorasan|Mkoa Mkuu wa Khorasan]], na mshauri wa gavana wa Khorasan. Baada ya miaka 6, alijiunga tena na IRIB kama Mshauri wa Kitamaduni wa mkurugenzi mkuu wa IRIB katika mkoa huo wa Khorasan. Kisha mnamo mwaka 2002, alichaguliwa katika uchaguzi wa bunge la 7 kama Mbunge wa [[Mashhad]], mji wa kidini wa Waislamu wa dhehebu la [[Shia]]. Alikuwa mbunge pekee mwanamke kutoka upande wa mashariki mwa Iran. Baada ya kuhudumu kwa miaka 8 kama mshauri wa Waziri wa Utamaduni na Mkurugenzi Mkuu wa ofisi ya wanawake, alichaguliwa kwa mara ya tatu kama mbunge, safari hii kutoka mkoa wa Kerman. Kwa sasa ni mjumbe wa kamati ya bunge ya masuala ya kiuchumi. Pia yeye ni mshairi, na mikusanyiko yake miwili ya mashairi imechapishwa chini ya jina ''"Again, I Speak About You!"'' (Tena, Nazungumza Kuhusu Wewe!). Ni mwandishi wa makala za kisayansi zaidi ya 30 zilizochapishwa nchini Iran na vitabu vingine viwili vyenye majina "Media in Europe and media in [[Islamic Republic of Iran]]" (Vyombo vya Habari Ulaya na Vyombo vya Habari katika Jamhuri ya Kiislamu ya Iran), "A survey about Imam [[Mahdi]] in other religions" (Utafiti kuhusu Imam Mahdi katika dini nyingine), na "A window to the morning" (Dirisha la kuelekea asubuhi - mkusanyiko wa sifa). Pia alikuwa mwakilishi wa Iran katika mkutano wa mawaziri na wabunge wanawake wa Asia huko [[Sillan]] kwa muda wa miaka 2. Mtoto wake wa kiume, Mahmood Ahmadi Afzadi, alikuwa rais wa Chuo Kikuu cha Habari (The News University) nchini Iran. Masood Ahmadi Afzadi, mtoto wake wa pili wa kiume, ni mkuu wa kituo cha televisheni cha [[IRIB TV5]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ch5.iribtv.ir/|title=Transmenu powered by JoomlArt.com - Mambo Joomla Professional Templates Club|work=iribtv.ir}}</ref> (chaneli rasmi ya televisheni ya [[Tehran]]). == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1952||}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] 283qhvi0shcxp3dq19fcc8jabnx3736 1550256 1549778 2026-05-25T10:15:40Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550256 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Effat Shariati''' (alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1952) ni Mbunge wa zamani wa [[Bunge la Iran]],<ref>{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20110903102107/http://www.afppd.org/Newsletters/Issue_Jun_Jul06/Issue_Jun_Jul06.html 4th Asian-Pacific Women Parliamentarians and Ministers’ Conference, June 11-12, 2006. Wellington, New Zealand sponsored by the Asian Forum of Parliamentarians on Population and Development.]}} A picture of Mrs. Effat Shariati in the Gallery section. Accessed April 6, 2011</ref> na mkuu wa zamani wa [[Umoja wa Wabunge Wanawake wa Iran]]. Alizaliwa mjini [[Kerman]], na tangu miaka ya mapema ya [[Mapinduzi ya Kiislamu]] ya [[Iran]], alianza kujishughulisha na kazi za kitamaduni na kisiasa. Wakati wa [[Vita vya Iran na Iraq]], alikuwa mwandishi wa vipindi vinavyohusiana na vita katika shirika la [[Utangazaji la Jamhuri ya Kiislamu ya Iran]] (IRIB), ambalo ni kituo rasmi cha redio na televisheni cha serikali. Mnamo mwaka 1991, alichaguliwa kuwa mkuu wa kamati ya wanawake ya [[Mkoa wa Khorasan|Mkoa Mkuu wa Khorasan]], na mshauri wa gavana wa Khorasan. Baada ya miaka 6, alijiunga tena na IRIB kama Mshauri wa Kitamaduni wa mkurugenzi mkuu wa IRIB katika mkoa huo wa Khorasan. Kisha mnamo mwaka 2002, alichaguliwa katika uchaguzi wa bunge la 7 kama Mbunge wa [[Mashhad]], mji wa kidini wa Waislamu wa dhehebu la [[Shia]]. Alikuwa mbunge pekee mwanamke kutoka upande wa mashariki mwa Iran. Baada ya kuhudumu kwa miaka 8 kama mshauri wa Waziri wa Utamaduni na Mkurugenzi Mkuu wa ofisi ya wanawake, alichaguliwa kwa mara ya tatu kama mbunge, safari hii kutoka mkoa wa Kerman. Kwa sasa ni mjumbe wa kamati ya bunge ya masuala ya kiuchumi. Pia yeye ni mshairi, na mikusanyiko yake miwili ya mashairi imechapishwa chini ya jina ''"Again, I Speak About You!"'' (Tena, Nazungumza Kuhusu Wewe!). Ni mwandishi wa makala za kisayansi zaidi ya 30 zilizochapishwa nchini Iran na vitabu vingine viwili vyenye majina "Media in Europe and media in [[Islamic Republic of Iran]]" (Vyombo vya Habari Ulaya na Vyombo vya Habari katika Jamhuri ya Kiislamu ya Iran), "A survey about Imam [[Mahdi]] in other religions" (Utafiti kuhusu Imam Mahdi katika dini nyingine), na "A window to the morning" (Dirisha la kuelekea asubuhi - mkusanyiko wa sifa). Pia alikuwa mwakilishi wa Iran katika mkutano wa mawaziri na wabunge wanawake wa Asia huko [[Sillan]] kwa muda wa miaka 2. Mtoto wake wa kiume, Mahmood Ahmadi Afzadi, alikuwa rais wa Chuo Kikuu cha Habari (The News University) nchini Iran. Masood Ahmadi Afzadi, mtoto wake wa pili wa kiume, ni mkuu wa kituo cha televisheni cha [[IRIB TV5]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ch5.iribtv.ir/|title=Transmenu powered by JoomlArt.com - Mambo Joomla Professional Templates Club|work=iribtv.ir|accessdate=2026-05-24|archive-date=2011-06-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614004837/http://ch5.iribtv.ir/|url-status=dead}}</ref> (chaneli rasmi ya televisheni ya [[Tehran]]). == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1952||}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] 5yh77rr94adb7hh5xcpquh4ac638wmw Lindiwe Hendricks 0 238355 1549779 2026-05-24T13:33:50Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Lindiwe Benedicta Hendricks''' (alizaliwa tarehe 29 Julai 1957 huko Vryburg, Northern Cape), ambaye hapo awali alijulikana kama Lindiwe Ngwane, ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini na mjumbe wa [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa. Alihudumu kama Waziri wa Masuala ya Maji na Misitu katika Idara ya Masuala ya [[Maji]] na Misitu kuanzia tarehe 22 Mei 2006 hadi tarehe 10 Mei 2009.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Motlanthe moves to steady the ship|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2008-09-2...' 1549779 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lindiwe Benedicta Hendricks''' (alizaliwa tarehe 29 Julai 1957 huko Vryburg, Northern Cape), ambaye hapo awali alijulikana kama Lindiwe Ngwane, ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini na mjumbe wa [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa. Alihudumu kama Waziri wa Masuala ya Maji na Misitu katika Idara ya Masuala ya [[Maji]] na Misitu kuanzia tarehe 22 Mei 2006 hadi tarehe 10 Mei 2009.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Motlanthe moves to steady the ship|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2008-09-25-motlanthe-moves-to-steady-the-ship/|work=The Mail & Guardian|date=2008-09-25|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en-ZA|author=Staff Reporter}}</ref> hapo awali alihudumu kama [[Waziri]] wa Madini na Nishati kuanzia mwaka 2005 hadi 2006, na Naibu Waziri wa Biashara na Viwanda kuanzia mwaka 1999 hadi 2005. Alikuwa mshirika katika kampuni ya uwakili ya ''Ngwane & Ngwane Attorneys'', iliyopo Durban, kuanzia mwaka 1986 hadi 1988, na alikuwa wakili katika Mahakama Kuu kuanzia mwaka 1995 hadi 1999. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1957]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] 2bgnj2qd4qe2dkwee1e3xjb4x4whm8s 1549944 1549779 2026-05-24T18:18:07Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549944 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lindiwe Benedicta Hendricks''' (alizaliwa tarehe 29 Julai 1957 huko Vryburg, Northern Cape), ambaye hapo awali alijulikana kama Lindiwe Ngwane, ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini na mjumbe wa [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa. Alihudumu kama Waziri wa Masuala ya Maji na Misitu katika Idara ya Masuala ya [[Maji]] na Misitu kuanzia tarehe 22 Mei 2006 hadi tarehe 10 Mei 2009.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Motlanthe moves to steady the ship|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2008-09-25-motlanthe-moves-to-steady-the-ship/|work=The Mail & Guardian|date=2008-09-25|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en-ZA|author=Staff Reporter}}</ref> hapo awali alihudumu kama [[Waziri]] wa Madini na Nishati kuanzia mwaka 2005 hadi 2006, na Naibu Waziri wa Biashara na Viwanda kuanzia mwaka 1999 hadi 2005. Alikuwa mshirika katika kampuni ya uwakili ya ''Ngwane & Ngwane Attorneys'', iliyopo Durban, kuanzia mwaka 1986 hadi 1988, na alikuwa wakili katika Mahakama Kuu kuanzia mwaka 1995 hadi 1999. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1957]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] 6s1qcqbpi82gjsnxgkncop7g5irye3s Ali Shariatmadari 0 238356 1549780 2026-05-24T13:34:42Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ali Shariatmadari''' (6 Januari 1924<ref>{{cite web | url=http://sahebkhabar.ir/news/17399541/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D8%AF%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%B1-%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%8C-%D8%B4%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B9%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C | title=گرامیداشت استاد دکتر علی شریعتمداری | date=13 January 2017 }}</ref> – 9 Januari 2017) alikuwa msomi na [[mwanaelimu]] wa Irani|Ir...' 1549780 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ali Shariatmadari''' (6 Januari 1924<ref>{{cite web | url=http://sahebkhabar.ir/news/17399541/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D8%AF%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%B1-%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%8C-%D8%B4%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B9%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C | title=گرامیداشت استاد دکتر علی شریعتمداری | date=13 January 2017 }}</ref> – 9 Januari 2017) alikuwa msomi na [[mwanaelimu]] wa [[Irani|Iran]] ambaye alihudumu kama waziri wa utamaduni katika [[Serikali ya Mpito ya Iran (1979)|serikali ya mpito ya Mehdi Bazargan]] mnamo mwaka 1979. Alikuwa rais wa Chuo cha Sayansi cha Iran kuanzia mwaka 1990 hadi 1998. Pia, alikuwa profesa wa elimu katika Chuo Kikuu cha Mafunzo ya Ualimu mjini [[Tehran]] na mjumbe wa [[Mapinduzi ya Kitamaduni ya Iran ya 1980-1987|Baraza Kuu la Mapinduzi ya Kitamaduni]] kuanzia mwaka 1982 hadi kifo chake. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1924|2017}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] oe69u4avkxfe2eivslepasekwmxa681 1550153 1549780 2026-05-25T06:00:52Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550153 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ali Shariatmadari''' (6 Januari 1924<ref>{{cite web | url=http://sahebkhabar.ir/news/17399541/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D8%AF%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%B1-%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%8C-%D8%B4%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B9%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C | title=گرامیداشت استاد دکتر علی شریعتمداری | date=13 January 2017 | accessdate=2026-05-24 | archive-date=2022-11-09 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221109204244/http://sahebkhabar.ir/news/17399541/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D8%AF%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%B1-%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%8C-%D8%B4%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B9%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C | url-status=dead }}</ref> – 9 Januari 2017) alikuwa msomi na [[mwanaelimu]] wa [[Irani|Iran]] ambaye alihudumu kama waziri wa utamaduni katika [[Serikali ya Mpito ya Iran (1979)|serikali ya mpito ya Mehdi Bazargan]] mnamo mwaka 1979. Alikuwa rais wa Chuo cha Sayansi cha Iran kuanzia mwaka 1990 hadi 1998. Pia, alikuwa profesa wa elimu katika Chuo Kikuu cha Mafunzo ya Ualimu mjini [[Tehran]] na mjumbe wa [[Mapinduzi ya Kitamaduni ya Iran ya 1980-1987|Baraza Kuu la Mapinduzi ya Kitamaduni]] kuanzia mwaka 1982 hadi kifo chake. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1924|2017}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] m5njejshlxnmcyrhivmh2x9qk17noi0 Henry Gluckman 0 238357 1549781 2026-05-24T13:35:59Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Henry Gluckman''' (1893–1987) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini. Alihudumu kama [[Waziri]] wa Afya kuanzia mwaka 1945 hadi 1948, akitengeneza historia kama waziri wa kwanza wa Kiyahudi katika baraza la mawaziri la nchi hiyo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jewish Doctor Named Minister of Health in South Africa; First Jew in Cabinet|url=https://www.jta.org/archive/jewish-doctor-named-minister-of-health-in-south-africa-first-jew-in-cabinet|work=Jewish Telegr...' 1549781 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Henry Gluckman''' (1893–1987) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini. Alihudumu kama [[Waziri]] wa Afya kuanzia mwaka 1945 hadi 1948, akitengeneza historia kama waziri wa kwanza wa Kiyahudi katika baraza la mawaziri la nchi hiyo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jewish Doctor Named Minister of Health in South Africa; First Jew in Cabinet|url=https://www.jta.org/archive/jewish-doctor-named-minister-of-health-in-south-africa-first-jew-in-cabinet|work=Jewish Telegraphic Agency|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en-US}}</ref> Alichaguliwa kwa mara ya kwanza kuingia Bungeni mnamo mwaka 1938, akiwakilisha jimbo la Yeoville kupitia chama cha ''United Party''. Kama mwanachama wa mrengo wa kiliberali wa [[chama]] hicho, Gluckman alikuwa mtetezi mkubwa wa usawa wa rangi na matumizi makubwa ya serikali katika huduma za kijamii.<ref>{{Cite web|title=First Jewish Woman Named to South African Parliament; Hertzog Party Leads|url=https://www.jta.org/archive/first-jewish-woman-named-to-south-african-parliament-hertzog-party-leads|work=Jewish Telegraphic Agency|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en-US}}</ref> Kati ya mwaka 1942 na 1944, aliongoza Tume ya Kitaifa ya Huduma za Afya (NHS). Alipendekeza utoaji wa matibabu ya bure kwa Waafrika Kusini wote, ambapo huduma hizo zingefadhiliwa kupitia kodi ya afya. Ingawa pendekezo lake halikupitishwa rasmi na serikali, limeendelea kuwa na ushawishi mkubwa katika sera za afya nchini humo. Pia, alimkosoa mrithi wake, A.J. Stals, akiamini kuwa alisimamia vibaya Kurugenzi ya Nyumba na kusababisha uhaba mkubwa wa makazi bora. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] 3uyx37q7rp1ykgpyi5zxgab0xaxg752 1549905 1549781 2026-05-24T16:43:23Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1549905 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Henry Gluckman''' (1893–1987) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini. Alihudumu kama [[Waziri]] wa Afya kuanzia mwaka 1945 hadi 1948, akitengeneza historia kama waziri wa kwanza wa Kiyahudi katika baraza la mawaziri la nchi hiyo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Jewish Doctor Named Minister of Health in South Africa; First Jew in Cabinet|url=https://www.jta.org/archive/jewish-doctor-named-minister-of-health-in-south-africa-first-jew-in-cabinet|work=Jewish Telegraphic Agency|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en-US}}</ref> Alichaguliwa kwa mara ya kwanza kuingia Bungeni mnamo mwaka 1938, akiwakilisha jimbo la Yeoville kupitia chama cha ''United Party''. Kama mwanachama wa mrengo wa kiliberali wa [[chama]] hicho, Gluckman alikuwa mtetezi mkubwa wa usawa wa rangi na matumizi makubwa ya serikali katika huduma za kijamii.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=First Jewish Woman Named to South African Parliament; Hertzog Party Leads|url=https://www.jta.org/archive/first-jewish-woman-named-to-south-african-parliament-hertzog-party-leads|work=Jewish Telegraphic Agency|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en-US}}</ref> Kati ya mwaka 1942 na 1944, aliongoza Tume ya Kitaifa ya Huduma za Afya (NHS). Alipendekeza utoaji wa matibabu ya bure kwa Waafrika Kusini wote, ambapo huduma hizo zingefadhiliwa kupitia kodi ya afya. Ingawa pendekezo lake halikupitishwa rasmi na serikali, limeendelea kuwa na ushawishi mkubwa katika sera za afya nchini humo. Pia, alimkosoa mrithi wake, A.J. Stals, akiamini kuwa alisimamia vibaya Kurugenzi ya Nyumba na kusababisha uhaba mkubwa wa makazi bora. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] du8bfikoajtwg4ip49d7ak4wxa3voy0 Mohammad Shariatmadari 0 238358 1549782 2026-05-24T13:38:11Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mohammad Shariatmadari''' (alizaliwa 24 Juni 1960) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Irani|Iran]] na [[Ofisa Mtendaji Mkuu]] (CEO) wa sasa wa [[Shirika la Viwanda vya Petrokemikali vya Ghuba ya Uajemi]] tangu Desemba 2024. Alikuwa [[Waziri wa Ushirika, Kazi na Ustawi wa Jamii]]. Shariatmadari alihudumu katika nafasi ya Waziri wa Viwanda kuanzia mwaka 2017 hadi 2018. Pia alihudumu kama Waziri wa Biashara kuanzia mwaka 1997 hadi 2005 katika baraza la mawaziri la Rai...' 1549782 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohammad Shariatmadari''' (alizaliwa 24 Juni 1960) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Irani|Iran]] na [[Ofisa Mtendaji Mkuu]] (CEO) wa sasa wa [[Shirika la Viwanda vya Petrokemikali vya Ghuba ya Uajemi]] tangu Desemba 2024. Alikuwa [[Waziri wa Ushirika, Kazi na Ustawi wa Jamii]]. Shariatmadari alihudumu katika nafasi ya Waziri wa Viwanda kuanzia mwaka 2017 hadi 2018. Pia alihudumu kama Waziri wa Biashara kuanzia mwaka 1997 hadi 2005 katika baraza la mawaziri la Rais [[Mohammad Khatami]]. Alikuwa mwenyekiti wa kampeni ya [[Hassan Rouhani]] katika [[Kampeni ya urais ya Hassan Rouhani ya 2017|uchaguzi wa mwaka 2017]]. Shariatmadari ni mwanasiasa wa maboresho ([[Wanamageuzi wa Iran]]/reformist)<ref>{{citation|url=https://www.iranwire.com/en/features/4757|title=Rouhani Announces New Cabinet: Few Reformists, No Women|date=8 August 2017|access-date=17 August 2017|work=Iran Wire|author=Reza Haghighatnejad}}</ref> na anachukuliwa kama mtu mwenye msimamo wa wastani ndani ya mrengo huo (tofauti na wanamageuzi wenye msimamo mkali), ingawa anashiriki baadhi ya mtazamo na wenye msimamo wa kiasili au kihafidhina ([[Wana-kanuni wa Iran]]/principlists).<ref>{{citation|url=http://www.iranreview.org/content/Documents/Iran-s-11th-Presidential-Ellection-No-2-Political-Array-of-Iran-Presidential-Election.htm|title=Iran's 11th Presidential Election (No. 2): Political Array of Iran Presidential Election|author=Amir Dabiri Mehr|date=17 April 2013|access-date=17 August 2017|work=Iran Review}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1960||}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] p3oxll31js2xrmhwxhalsrrd8lo74l3 Mpumi Hlophe 0 238359 1549783 2026-05-24T13:38:54Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Nompumelelo "Mpumi" Hlophe''' (alizaliwa tarehe 29 Septemba 1980) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini ambaye kwa sasa anahudumu kama Mjumbe wa Baraza la Utendaji (MEC) la jimbo la Mpumalanga anayehusika na Kilimo, Maendeleo ya Vijijini na Masuala ya Mazingira tangu Juni 2024. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC). Hlophe alichaguliwa kuingia katika [[Bunge]] la Mkoa la Mpumalanga katika uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 2019, akiwa ka...' 1549783 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nompumelelo "Mpumi" Hlophe''' (alizaliwa tarehe 29 Septemba 1980) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini ambaye kwa sasa anahudumu kama Mjumbe wa Baraza la Utendaji (MEC) la jimbo la Mpumalanga anayehusika na Kilimo, Maendeleo ya Vijijini na Masuala ya Mazingira tangu Juni 2024. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC). Hlophe alichaguliwa kuingia katika [[Bunge]] la Mkoa la Mpumalanga katika uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 2019, akiwa katika nafasi ya kumi kwenye orodha ya chama cha ANC. Aliteuliwa kuwa Mwenyekiti wa Kamati ("mwenyekiti wa wenyeviti") katika bunge hilo. Mnamo Aprili 2022,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mpumalanga Premier reshuffles Cabinet, brings back murder-accused Msibi|url=https://www.polity.org.za/article/mpumalanga-premier-reshuffles-cabinet-brings-back-murder-accused-msibi-2022-10-07|work=www.polity.org.za|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en}}</ref> alichaguliwa kuwa mjumbe wa Kamati Kuu ya Utendaji ya ANC tawi la Mpumalanga; ugombea wake uliungwa mkono na Umoja wa Vijana wa ANC wa mkoa huo na baadaye aliteuliwa kuwa naibu katibu wa ANC mkoani Mpumalanga. Mnamo Oktoba mwaka huo huo, aliteuliwa katika Baraza la Utendaji la Mpumalanga na Refilwe Mtsweni-Tsipane, aliyekuwa [[Waziri]] Mkuu wa Mpumalanga, ambapo alichukua nafasi ya Vusi Mkhatshwa kama MEC wa Fedha, Maendeleo ya Kiuchumi na Utalii.<ref>{{Citation|title=Mandla Msibi makes comeback to Mpumalanga's Cabinet - SABC News - Breaking news, special reports, world, business, sport coverage of all South African current events. Africa's news leader.|date=2022-10-07|url=https://www.sabcnews.com/sabcnews/mandla-msibi-makes-comeback-to-mpumalangas-cabinet/|work=SABC News - Breaking news, special reports, world, business, sport coverage of all South African current events. Africa\'s news leader.|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-24}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1980]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] gr6nr9e7k7asx6urcqgzu7gz0nzgtya 1549983 1549783 2026-05-24T19:12:40Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549983 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nompumelelo "Mpumi" Hlophe''' (alizaliwa tarehe 29 Septemba 1980) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini ambaye kwa sasa anahudumu kama Mjumbe wa Baraza la Utendaji (MEC) la jimbo la Mpumalanga anayehusika na Kilimo, Maendeleo ya Vijijini na Masuala ya Mazingira tangu Juni 2024. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC). Hlophe alichaguliwa kuingia katika [[Bunge]] la Mkoa la Mpumalanga katika uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 2019, akiwa katika nafasi ya kumi kwenye orodha ya chama cha ANC. Aliteuliwa kuwa Mwenyekiti wa Kamati ("mwenyekiti wa wenyeviti") katika bunge hilo. Mnamo Aprili 2022,<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Mpumalanga Premier reshuffles Cabinet, brings back murder-accused Msibi|url=https://www.polity.org.za/article/mpumalanga-premier-reshuffles-cabinet-brings-back-murder-accused-msibi-2022-10-07|work=www.polity.org.za|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en}}</ref> alichaguliwa kuwa mjumbe wa Kamati Kuu ya Utendaji ya ANC tawi la Mpumalanga; ugombea wake uliungwa mkono na Umoja wa Vijana wa ANC wa mkoa huo na baadaye aliteuliwa kuwa naibu katibu wa ANC mkoani Mpumalanga. Mnamo Oktoba mwaka huo huo, aliteuliwa katika Baraza la Utendaji la Mpumalanga na Refilwe Mtsweni-Tsipane, aliyekuwa [[Waziri]] Mkuu wa Mpumalanga, ambapo alichukua nafasi ya Vusi Mkhatshwa kama MEC wa Fedha, Maendeleo ya Kiuchumi na Utalii.<ref>{{Citation|title=Mandla Msibi makes comeback to Mpumalanga's Cabinet - SABC News - Breaking news, special reports, world, business, sport coverage of all South African current events. Africa's news leader.|date=2022-10-07|url=https://www.sabcnews.com/sabcnews/mandla-msibi-makes-comeback-to-mpumalangas-cabinet/|work=SABC News - Breaking news, special reports, world, business, sport coverage of all South African current events. Africa\'s news leader.|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-24}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1980]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] jg0otdxqafsr97k4kebn94tozgc0ur0 Friedrich Kaufmann Höhne 0 238360 1549785 2026-05-24T13:41:47Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Just Friedrich Rudolph Kaufmann Höhne''' (1831 – Bloemfontein, 19 Aprili 1879), aliyejulikana zaidi kama '''Friedrich Kaufmann Höhne''', alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini (Mboeri), Katibu wa [[Serikali]] na mnamo mwaka 1872 Kaimu Rais wa Jimbo Huru la Orange (Orange Free State), wakati Rais wa Jimbo, Brand, alipokuwa hayupo. Höhne alikuwa na kazi ya muda mrefu katika utumishi wa Jimbo Huru la Orange, akianza takriban mwaka 1863 kama ''Landdr...' 1549785 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Just Friedrich Rudolph Kaufmann Höhne''' (1831 – Bloemfontein, 19 Aprili 1879), aliyejulikana zaidi kama '''Friedrich Kaufmann Höhne''', alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini (Mboeri), Katibu wa [[Serikali]] na mnamo mwaka 1872 Kaimu Rais wa Jimbo Huru la Orange (Orange Free State), wakati Rais wa Jimbo, Brand, alipokuwa hayupo. Höhne alikuwa na kazi ya muda mrefu katika utumishi wa Jimbo Huru la Orange, akianza takriban mwaka 1863 kama ''Landdrost'' (Hakimu/Mkuu wa Wilaya) wa Wilaya ya Philippolis. Kutoka hapo alipandishwa vyeo hadi nafasi ya Katibu wa Serikali, wadhifa ambao aliushikilia hadi kifo chake mwaka 1879. Höhne alisifiwa kwa mtazamo wake wa kidiplomasia katika kushughulikia matatizo na Waingereza kuhusu unyakuzi wao wa maeneo ya madini ya almasi mapema miaka ya 1870.<ref>{{Cite web|title=South Africa|url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/South_Africa.html|work=www.worldstatesmen.org|accessdate=2026-05-24}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1831]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1879]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] og4929jj3hah0b7ulf81f3skhhvjbkd 1549893 1549785 2026-05-24T16:25:06Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549893 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Just Friedrich Rudolph Kaufmann Höhne''' (1831 – Bloemfontein, 19 Aprili 1879), aliyejulikana zaidi kama '''Friedrich Kaufmann Höhne''', alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini (Mboeri), Katibu wa [[Serikali]] na mnamo mwaka 1872 Kaimu Rais wa Jimbo Huru la Orange (Orange Free State), wakati Rais wa Jimbo, Brand, alipokuwa hayupo. Höhne alikuwa na kazi ya muda mrefu katika utumishi wa Jimbo Huru la Orange, akianza takriban mwaka 1863 kama ''Landdrost'' (Hakimu/Mkuu wa Wilaya) wa Wilaya ya Philippolis. Kutoka hapo alipandishwa vyeo hadi nafasi ya Katibu wa Serikali, wadhifa ambao aliushikilia hadi kifo chake mwaka 1879. Höhne alisifiwa kwa mtazamo wake wa kidiplomasia katika kushughulikia matatizo na Waingereza kuhusu unyakuzi wao wa maeneo ya madini ya almasi mapema miaka ya 1870.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=South Africa|url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/South_Africa.html|work=www.worldstatesmen.org|accessdate=2026-05-24}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1831]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1879]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] 4agirl6ihb9no4r97g7ld178t5wgeu4 Mohammad Kazem Shariatmadari 0 238361 1549786 2026-05-24T13:42:43Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mohammad Kazem Shariatmadari''' (pia huandikwa '''Shariat-Madari''' (5 Januari 1906 – 3 Aprili 1986), alikuwa [[Grand Ayatollah]] wa [[Irani|Iran]]. Alipendelea utaratibu wa kimapokeo wa Kishia wa kuwazuia viongozi wa dini kujihusisha na nafasi za kiserikali, na alikuwa mkosoaji mkubwa wa Kiongozi Mkuu [[Ruhollah Khomeini]], ambapo alilaani [[Mgogoro wa mateka wa Iran|utekaji nyara wa wanadiplomasia]] katika ubalozi wa Marekani mjini Tehran. == Maish...' 1549786 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohammad Kazem Shariatmadari''' (pia huandikwa '''Shariat-Madari''' (5 Januari 1906 – 3 Aprili 1986), alikuwa [[Grand Ayatollah]] wa [[Irani|Iran]]. Alipendelea utaratibu wa kimapokeo wa Kishia wa kuwazuia viongozi wa dini kujihusisha na nafasi za kiserikali, na alikuwa mkosoaji mkubwa wa Kiongozi Mkuu [[Ruhollah Khomeini]], ambapo alilaani [[Mgogoro wa mateka wa Iran|utekaji nyara wa wanadiplomasia]] katika ubalozi wa Marekani mjini Tehran. == Maisha ya mapema na elimu == Alizaliwa mjini [[Tabriz]] mnamo mwaka 1906 katika familia ya [[Waazeri wa Iran]], Shariatmadari alikuwa miongoni mwa viongozi wakuu wa kidini wa dhehebu la Shia la [[Ithnasheri]] (Twelver) nchini [[Iran]] na [[Iraq]], na alijulikana kwa mitazamo yake ya kimaendeleo na ya kiliberali.{{sfn|Fischer|2003|p=34-35}} Baada ya kifo cha Kiongozi Mkuu na [[Grand Ayatollah Borujerdi]] (Marja' Mutlaq) mnamo mwaka 1961, akawa mmoja wa [[Marja'|marja]] wakuu, akiwa na wafuasi nchini [[Iran]], [[Pakistan]], [[India]], [[Lebanon]], [[Kuwait]] na mataifa ya kusini mwa [[Ghuba ya Uajemi]].{{sfn|Fischer|2003|p=63}}{{sfn|Fischer|2003|p=88}} == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * {{Commons category-inline|Kazem Shariatmadari}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1906|1986}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] 97jmewj6w0tos8o6dcug918v4u3ys3f Patekile Holomisa 0 238362 1549787 2026-05-24T13:43:56Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Inkosi Sango Patekile Holomisa''' (alizaliwa tarehe 26 Agosti 1959) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa chama cha ANC na alikuwa Naibu [[Waziri]] wa Huduma za Urekebishaji (Magereza) nchini [[Afrika]] Kusini, baada ya kuhudumu hapo awali kama Naibu Waziri wa Kazi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sango Patekile Holomisa|url=http://www.pa.org.za/person/sango-patekile-holomisa/|work=People's Assembly|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Contact us People's Assembly Tel:465 8885...' 1549787 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Inkosi Sango Patekile Holomisa''' (alizaliwa tarehe 26 Agosti 1959) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa chama cha ANC na alikuwa Naibu [[Waziri]] wa Huduma za Urekebishaji (Magereza) nchini [[Afrika]] Kusini, baada ya kuhudumu hapo awali kama Naibu Waziri wa Kazi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sango Patekile Holomisa|url=http://www.pa.org.za/person/sango-patekile-holomisa/|work=People's Assembly|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Contact us People's Assembly Tel:465 8885 Fax:465 8887 2nd Floor 9 Church Square Parliament Street Cape Town 8001 South Africa}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=Deputy minister ‘a bigamist’|url=https://www.news24.com/Archives/City-Press/Deputy-minister-a-bigamist-20150429|work=News24|language=en|access-date=2026-05-24}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1959]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] 0wappe6z0es572bit0kppahk62ze0jx 1550012 1549787 2026-05-24T20:25:40Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1550012 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Inkosi Sango Patekile Holomisa''' (alizaliwa tarehe 26 Agosti 1959) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa chama cha ANC na alikuwa Naibu [[Waziri]] wa Huduma za Urekebishaji (Magereza) nchini [[Afrika]] Kusini, baada ya kuhudumu hapo awali kama Naibu Waziri wa Kazi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Sango Patekile Holomisa|url=http://www.pa.org.za/person/sango-patekile-holomisa/|work=People's Assembly|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Contact us People's Assembly Tel:465 8885 Fax:465 8887 2nd Floor 9 Church Square Parliament Street Cape Town 8001 South Africa}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=Deputy minister ‘a bigamist’|url=https://www.news24.com/Archives/City-Press/Deputy-minister-a-bigamist-20150429|work=News24|language=en|access-date=2026-05-24}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1959]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] cfeu9pszii9ycf2nzq7yhp19dfhqcyr James Cotterell Hoole 0 238363 1549788 2026-05-24T13:47:50Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mh. James Cotterell Hoole MLC''' (18 Mei 1816 – 29 Aprili 1878) alikuwa mjumbe mashuhuri wa Baraza la Kutunga [[Sheria]] la Koloni la Cape (Cape Colony). Hoole aliwasili Cape akiwa mtoto mnamo mwaka 1820 akiambatana na [[baba]] yake pamoja na ndugu zake wawili, na katika miaka iliyofuata alishiriki katika vita vya mipakani vya mwaka 1835 na 1846. Alikuwa mfanyabiashara mashuhuri katika eneo la mpaka wa mashariki wa Koloni la Cape na alihamia Grahamst...' 1549788 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mh. James Cotterell Hoole MLC''' (18 Mei 1816 – 29 Aprili 1878) alikuwa mjumbe mashuhuri wa Baraza la Kutunga [[Sheria]] la Koloni la Cape (Cape Colony). Hoole aliwasili Cape akiwa mtoto mnamo mwaka 1820 akiambatana na [[baba]] yake pamoja na ndugu zake wawili, na katika miaka iliyofuata alishiriki katika vita vya mipakani vya mwaka 1835 na 1846. Alikuwa mfanyabiashara mashuhuri katika eneo la mpaka wa mashariki wa Koloni la Cape na alihamia Grahamstown. Mnamo mwaka 1866, Hoole alichaguliwa kuwakilisha Mkoa wa Mashariki wa Cape katika baraza la juu la Bunge la Cape, yaani Baraza la Kutunga Sheria. Alihudumu hadi Gavana Philip Wodehouse alipovunja mabaraza yote mawili ili kupambana na vuguvugu la "serikali yenye mamlaka kamili" (''responsible government'')—vuguvugu ambalo Hoole pia alilipinga—mnamo mwaka 1869. Alichaguliwa tena mwaka uliofuata wa 1870, lakini alidumu kwenye [[kiti]] chake hadi mwaka 1872 tu, wakati vuguvugu hilo la ''Responsible Government'' lilipofanikiwa...<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hon. James Cotterell Hoole, 1820 Settler - M.L.C b. 18 May 1816 Soho, London, England d. 29 Apr 1878 Grahamstown, Eastern Cape, South Africa: British 1820 Settlers to South Africa|url=https://www.1820settlers.com/genealogy/getperson.php?personID=I893&tree=master|work=www.1820settlers.com|accessdate=2026-05-24}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1816]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1878]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] p8eh855x3lcldw1xexv1knkxgvv77a3 1549914 1549788 2026-05-24T17:00:23Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549914 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mh. James Cotterell Hoole MLC''' (18 Mei 1816 – 29 Aprili 1878) alikuwa mjumbe mashuhuri wa Baraza la Kutunga [[Sheria]] la Koloni la Cape (Cape Colony). Hoole aliwasili Cape akiwa mtoto mnamo mwaka 1820 akiambatana na [[baba]] yake pamoja na ndugu zake wawili, na katika miaka iliyofuata alishiriki katika vita vya mipakani vya mwaka 1835 na 1846. Alikuwa mfanyabiashara mashuhuri katika eneo la mpaka wa mashariki wa Koloni la Cape na alihamia Grahamstown. Mnamo mwaka 1866, Hoole alichaguliwa kuwakilisha Mkoa wa Mashariki wa Cape katika baraza la juu la Bunge la Cape, yaani Baraza la Kutunga Sheria. Alihudumu hadi Gavana Philip Wodehouse alipovunja mabaraza yote mawili ili kupambana na vuguvugu la "serikali yenye mamlaka kamili" (''responsible government'')—vuguvugu ambalo Hoole pia alilipinga—mnamo mwaka 1869. Alichaguliwa tena mwaka uliofuata wa 1870, lakini alidumu kwenye [[kiti]] chake hadi mwaka 1872 tu, wakati vuguvugu hilo la ''Responsible Government'' lilipofanikiwa...<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Hon. James Cotterell Hoole, 1820 Settler - M.L.C b. 18 May 1816 Soho, London, England d. 29 Apr 1878 Grahamstown, Eastern Cape, South Africa: British 1820 Settlers to South Africa|url=https://www.1820settlers.com/genealogy/getperson.php?personID=I893&tree=master|work=www.1820settlers.com|accessdate=2026-05-24}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1816]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1878]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] 1m35xcp8k1okvo06ppdi19mimnew66u Ezzatollah Siamak 0 238364 1549789 2026-05-24T13:48:16Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ezzatollah Siamak''' (alifariki Jumanne, 19 Oktoba 1954) alikuwa kanali katika jeshi la [[Gendarmerie]] na mmoja wa waanzilishi wa [[Mtandao wa Kijeshi wa Tudeh|Umoja wa Kijeshi wa Chama cha Tudeh cha Iran]], huku akihudumu pia kama mjumbe wa sekretarieti yake. == Historia == Umoja wa Kijeshi wa Chama cha Tudeh ulianzishwa mnamo mwaka 1944 na [[Abdolsamad Kambakhsh]], Ezzatollah Siamak, na [[Khosro Roozbeh]].<ref>Tudeh Party, Institute for Political St...' 1549789 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ezzatollah Siamak''' (alifariki Jumanne, 19 Oktoba 1954) alikuwa kanali katika jeshi la [[Gendarmerie]] na mmoja wa waanzilishi wa [[Mtandao wa Kijeshi wa Tudeh|Umoja wa Kijeshi wa Chama cha Tudeh cha Iran]], huku akihudumu pia kama mjumbe wa sekretarieti yake. == Historia == Umoja wa Kijeshi wa Chama cha Tudeh ulianzishwa mnamo mwaka 1944 na [[Abdolsamad Kambakhsh]], Ezzatollah Siamak, na [[Khosro Roozbeh]].<ref>Tudeh Party, Institute for Political Studies and Research</ref> Licha ya madhara yaliyotokana na kuzimwa kwa tawi la kijeshi la Chama cha Tudeh baada ya mapinduzi ya maafisa wa Khorasan na [[Serikali ya Watu wa Azerbaijan|matukio ya Azerbaijan mnamo 1946–47]]—ambayo yalileta msako mkali, uhamisho wa lazima, na kukimbilia Umoja wa Kisovieti—kuwepo kwa Kanali Siamak, Khosrow Roozbeh, na Kanali Mohammad Ali Mobasheri, ambao walisalia salama bila kukamatwa na jeshi, kulihakikisha kuwa msingi mkuu wa Umoja wa Kijeshi wa Chama cha Tudeh unalindwa na kuendeleza shughuli zake za siri. Hatimaye, kufuatia kukamatwa kwa bahati mbaya kwa mmoja wa maafisa wa Tudeh mnamo Agosti 1954, mtandao mzima wa Umoja wa Kijeshi wa Chama cha Tudeh uligundulika. Wengi wao walikamatwa, wakanyongwa, au kufungwa gerezani, na wanachama waliosalia walitoroka Iran. Kanali Siamak alikuwa miongoni mwa waliotiwa mbaroni na kuhukumiwa adhabu ya kifo katika mahakama ya kijeshi. Mnamo tarehe 19 Oktoba 1954, aliuawa kwa kupigwa risasi katika uwanja wa Kikosi cha 2 cha Vifaru (2nd Armored Brigade) pamoja na watu wengine tisa, akiwa katika kundi la kwanza la maafisa wa Tudeh kukabiliwa na kikosi cha upigaji risasi.<ref>Archive of Ettela'at newspaper, October 1954</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD||1954}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] m34955a3x3il797co8kx7nj119z4mob Mohammad Tadayyon 0 238365 1549791 2026-05-24T13:52:44Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mohammad Tadayon''' (1881 – 16 Novemba 1951) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Irani|Iran]]. Alishika nyadhifa mbalimbali za kiserikali ikiwa ni pamoja na Waziri wa Elimu, Waziri Asiye na Wizara Maalum, Waziri wa Ugavi, na Waziri wa Mambo ya Ndani. Tadayon pia alihudumu kama mbunge na seneta.<ref name="iranica">{{Cite web |title=TADAYYON, MOḤAMMAD |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/tadayyon-mohammad |website=Encyclopædia Iranica |language=en |access...' 1549791 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohammad Tadayon''' (1881 – 16 Novemba 1951) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Irani|Iran]]. Alishika nyadhifa mbalimbali za kiserikali ikiwa ni pamoja na Waziri wa Elimu, Waziri Asiye na Wizara Maalum, Waziri wa Ugavi, na Waziri wa Mambo ya Ndani. Tadayon pia alihudumu kama mbunge na seneta.<ref name="iranica">{{Cite web |title=TADAYYON, MOḤAMMAD |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/tadayyon-mohammad |website=Encyclopædia Iranica |language=en |access-date=24 Mei 2026}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1881|1951}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] lmqxgnzk758ud2nrvi9982zn696ylgo 1549980 1549791 2026-05-24T19:08:38Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549980 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohammad Tadayon''' (1881 – 16 Novemba 1951) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Irani|Iran]]. Alishika nyadhifa mbalimbali za kiserikali ikiwa ni pamoja na Waziri wa Elimu, Waziri Asiye na Wizara Maalum, Waziri wa Ugavi, na Waziri wa Mambo ya Ndani. Tadayon pia alihudumu kama mbunge na seneta.<ref name="iranica">{{Rejea tovuti |title=TADAYYON, MOḤAMMAD |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/tadayyon-mohammad |website=Encyclopædia Iranica |language=en |access-date=24 Mei 2026}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1881|1951}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] 5ybvat7jnpjulbh3evcq0imlsbgvox6 Hassan Taqizadeh 0 238366 1549794 2026-05-24T14:01:01Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Hasan'''<ref>'''Hassan''' ni tahajia mbadala na ya kawaida ya jina '''Hasan'''.</ref> '''Taghizadeh'''<ref>'''Taghizādeh''' ni tahajia mbadala ya jina '''Taqizādeh'''.</ref> ( 27 Septemba 1878 mjini [[Tabriz]], [[Uajemi ya Qajar|Iran]] – 28 Januari 1970 mjini [[Tehran]], [[Iran ya Pahlavi|Iran]])<ref>Matini ya asili ya makala hii ilitolewa kwenye Tasnifu ya Shahada ya Uzamili ya ''Sepehr H. Joussefi'' (tazama Marejeo na Viungo vya Nje); mabadiliko m...' 1549794 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hasan'''<ref>'''Hassan''' ni tahajia mbadala na ya kawaida ya jina '''Hasan'''.</ref> '''Taghizadeh'''<ref>'''Taghizādeh''' ni tahajia mbadala ya jina '''Taqizādeh'''.</ref> ( 27 Septemba 1878 mjini [[Tabriz]], [[Uajemi ya Qajar|Iran]] – 28 Januari 1970 mjini [[Tehran]], [[Iran ya Pahlavi|Iran]])<ref>Matini ya asili ya makala hii ilitolewa kwenye Tasnifu ya Shahada ya Uzamili ya ''Sepehr H. Joussefi'' (tazama Marejeo na Viungo vya Nje); mabadiliko madogo ya uhariri yamefanyika. Katika mfumo wake wa sasa, matini hii bado inategemea kwa kiasi kikubwa kazi ya Joussefi.</ref> alikuwa mwanasiasa na mwanadiplomasia mwenye ushawishi mkubwa nchini [[Irani|Iran]],<ref>Taqizadeh pia anachukuliwa kama msomi mashuhuri katika nyanja ya Mafunzo ya Kiirani (Iranian Studies). Mnamo mwaka 1965, mtaalamu mashuhuri wa masuala ya Iran, [[M. J. Dresden]] aliandika: <blockquote>"Ingawa katika maisha yake yote masuala ya nchi na serikali yamekuwa yakimshughulisha sana", S. H. Taqizadeh, aliyezaliwa mwaka 1878, ametumia maarifa yake makubwa na fikra zake thabiti katika kusoma fasihi ya asili ya Kiajemi, kronolojia ya Iran, [[Uzoroasta]] (Zoroastrianism) na [[Umanichae]] (Manicheism). Michango yake katika mada hizi ambayo imeorodheshwa kwenye wasifu mfupi (''A locust's leg'', kurasa 19-20) ina thamani ya kudumu na itabaki kuwa muhimu kwa wanafunzi wa baadaye. Maisha ya Taqizadeh, ambayo ni mchanganyiko adimu wa mwanasiasa na msomi, yanatukumbusha wanasiasa na waandishi wasomi wa Ufaransa kama vile watu wa zama zake [[Léon Blum]] na [[Édouard Herriot]] ambao pia walifanikiwa kwa kiasi kikubwa kuchanganya taaluma ya kisiasa na maisha ya umma na shughuli za usomi."</blockquote></ref> wakati wa enzi ya Qajar chini ya utawala wa [[Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar]], pamoja na enzi ya Pahlavi chini ya utawala wa [[Reza Shah]]<ref>Taqizadeh alikuwa mmoja wa Wabunge wanne waliopiga kura ya hapana dhidi ya swali la kubadilisha nasaba ya Qajar kwenda nasaba ya Pahlavi mnamo Oktoba 1925; wengine watatu walikuwa [[Hassan Modarres|Sayyed Hasan Modarres]], mzalendo wa mrengo wa kushoto [[Yahya Doulatabadi]], na [[Mohammed Mosaddeq]]. Baraza la kikatiba liliidhinisha mabadiliko ya kifalme mnamo Desemba, huku Wabunge watatu tu wa Kisoshalisti wakijizuia kupiga kura. (Nikki R. Keddie, uk. 86).</ref> na [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi|Mohammad Reza Shah]]. Taqizadeh pia alikuwa msomi mashuhuri; tafiti zake kuhusu [[Kalenda za Kiirani]] zinasalia kuwa kazi za marejeo hadi sasa. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1878|1970}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] 3n1cqb9tjync1klbp5tqzfn4ttcivjv Aries Moross 0 238367 1549796 2026-05-24T14:02:29Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Aries Moross''' (zamani '''Kate Moross'''; alizaliwa [[1987]]) ni mbunifu wa michoro, [[msanii]], [[mchoraji]] picha, na mkurugenzi wa sanaa nchini [[Uingereza]] anayeishi [[London]].Alizingatia zaidi uandishi wa herufi na typografia katika kazi zake za sanaa.Pia aliongoza video za muziki, na alihudumu kama mkurugenzi wa sanaa kwa mwimbaji [[Jessie Ware]].Ana studio yake mwenyewe, Studio ya Moross, iliyoanzishwa mwaka [[2012]].<ref name=topshop>{{cite w...' 1549796 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aries Moross''' (zamani '''Kate Moross'''; alizaliwa [[1987]]) ni mbunifu wa michoro, [[msanii]], [[mchoraji]] picha, na mkurugenzi wa sanaa nchini [[Uingereza]] anayeishi [[London]].Alizingatia zaidi uandishi wa herufi na typografia katika kazi zake za sanaa.Pia aliongoza video za muziki, na alihudumu kama mkurugenzi wa sanaa kwa mwimbaji [[Jessie Ware]].Ana studio yake mwenyewe, Studio ya Moross, iliyoanzishwa mwaka [[2012]].<ref name=topshop>{{cite web | title=KATE MOROSS IN TOPSHOP!! | website= [[Topshop]] | date=17 July 2011 | url=http://www.topshop.com/blog/2008/01/Jan_25.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090103042640/http://www.topshop.com/blog/2008/01/Jan_25.html | archive-date=3 January 2009 | url-status=dead | access-date=18 July 2025}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1987]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 0q9153nycvxe762flqbi0wi1v3fs6k0 Lotfollah Taraghi 0 238368 1549797 2026-05-24T14:04:07Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Lotfollah Taraghi''' ([[Kiajemi]]: لطف‌الله ترقی; alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1903 [1282 [[Kalenda ya jua ya Hijri|SH]]] mjini [[Qom]], [[Iran]], na kufariki dunia mwaka 1973 [1352 SH] mjini [[Tehran]], Iran),<ref name="Shifteh">Nasrollah Shifteh, ''Zendegināme va mobārezāt-e siāsi-ye Mohammad Mas'ud, ruznāme-mard-e emruz'' (The Life and Political Struggle of Mohammad Masud, A Journalist of Today), Tehran, 1984, p. 355.</ref> alikuwa msomi w...' 1549797 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lotfollah Taraghi''' ([[Kiajemi]]: لطف‌الله ترقی; alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1903 [1282 [[Kalenda ya jua ya Hijri|SH]]] mjini [[Qom]], [[Iran]], na kufariki dunia mwaka 1973 [1352 SH] mjini [[Tehran]], Iran),<ref name="Shifteh">Nasrollah Shifteh, ''Zendegināme va mobārezāt-e siāsi-ye Mohammad Mas'ud, ruznāme-mard-e emruz'' (The Life and Political Struggle of Mohammad Masud, A Journalist of Today), Tehran, 1984, p. 355.</ref> alikuwa msomi wa Iran (''adib''), mwandishi wa habari, mchapishaji, mwanasheria, na [[Mshauri wa masuala ya Sheria bungeni|mtaalamu wa kutunga sheria]].<ref name="Abedini">Hasan Abedini, ''Farhang-e Dāstān-nevisān-e Irān'' (Lexicon of Iranian Short Story Writers), Tehran, 1990.</ref>{{rp|54}}<ref name="Mehr">{{cite web |url=https://www.mehrnews.com/news/2471824/گلی-ترقی-از-خودش-و-آثارش-گفت-همه-چیز-برای-من-قصه-است |title=گلی ترقی از خودش و آثارش گفت/ "همه چیز برای من قصه است" |date=January 2014 |website=[[Mehr News Agency]] |access-date=22 January 2023}}</ref> Anajulikana zaidi kwa [[Mkusanyiko wa hadithi fupi|mkusanyiko wake wa hadithi fupi]] za kihistoria na kimapenzi zenye jina la ''Naseroddin Shah's Love-Affairs'', ambazo zilivuvia mfululizo wa tamthilia ya televisheni ya [[Jeyran (TV series)|Jeyran]]. Yeye ni baba wa mwandishi mashuhuri wa Iran, [[Goli Taraghi]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1903|1973}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] k9qg9hs60rmawmezox18rysgev1m1hi 1549798 1549797 2026-05-24T14:05:10Z Egipa 87700 1549798 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lotfollah Taraghi''' ([[Kiajemi]]: لطف‌الله ترقی; alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1903 [1282 [[Kalenda ya jua ya Hijri|SH]]] mjini [[Qom]], [[Iran]], na kufariki dunia mwaka 1973 [1352 SH] mjini [[Tehran]], Iran),<ref name="Shifteh">Nasrollah Shifteh, ''Zendegināme va mobārezāt-e siāsi-ye Mohammad Mas'ud, ruznāme-mard-e emruz'' (The Life and Political Struggle of Mohammad Masud, A Journalist of Today), Tehran, 1984, p. 355.</ref> alikuwa msomi wa Iran (''adib''), mwandishi wa habari, mchapishaji, mwanasheria, na Mshauri wa masuala ya Sheria bungeni na mtaalamu wa kutunga sheria.<ref name="Abedini">Hasan Abedini, ''Farhang-e Dāstān-nevisān-e Irān'' (Lexicon of Iranian Short Story Writers), Tehran, 1990.</ref>{{rp|54}}<ref name="Mehr">{{cite web |url=https://www.mehrnews.com/news/2471824/گلی-ترقی-از-خودش-و-آثارش-گفت-همه-چیز-برای-من-قصه-است |title=گلی ترقی از خودش و آثارش گفت/ "همه چیز برای من قصه است" |date=January 2014 |website=[[Mehr News Agency]] |access-date=22 January 2023}}</ref> Anajulikana zaidi kwa Mkusanyiko wa hadithi fupi|mkusanyiko wake wa hadithi fupi za kihistoria na kimapenzi zenye jina la ''Naseroddin Shah's Love-Affairs'', ambazo zilivuvia mfululizo wa tamthilia ya televisheni ya [[Jeyran (TV series)|Jeyran]]. Yeye ni baba wa mwandishi mashuhuri wa Iran, [[Goli Taraghi]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1903|1973}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] pe186h8l79wp180r7pdan4um6wq8jo0 Edward Mortelmans 0 238369 1549799 2026-05-24T14:06:01Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Edward Mortelmans''' ([[1915]] – [[2008]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://archiveshub.ac.uk/data/gb3071-f/007.txt|title=De Montfort University Archives and Special Collections F/007|accessdate=20 July 2015}}</ref>) alikuwa [[msanii]] na [[mchoraji]] picha nchini [[Uingereza]]. Njia zake kuu za kujieleza zilikuwa rangi za maji na michoro ya mistari nyeusi na nyeupe. Anajulikana zaidi kwa kuochora baadhi ya majalada ya vitabu vya [[Gerald Durrell]], na majal...' 1549799 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Edward Mortelmans''' ([[1915]] – [[2008]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://archiveshub.ac.uk/data/gb3071-f/007.txt|title=De Montfort University Archives and Special Collections F/007|accessdate=20 July 2015}}</ref>) alikuwa [[msanii]] na [[mchoraji]] picha nchini [[Uingereza]]. Njia zake kuu za kujieleza zilikuwa rangi za maji na michoro ya mistari nyeusi na nyeupe. Anajulikana zaidi kwa kuochora baadhi ya majalada ya vitabu vya [[Gerald Durrell]], na majalada ya vitabu vya [[Edgar Rice Burroughs]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1915]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2008]] 5awtsg6wpqr793hhhuflo66a7e1p364 Hajar Tarbiat 0 238370 1549802 2026-05-24T14:08:27Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Hajar Tarbiat''' (1906 – 1974) alikuwa mwanaharakati wa haki za wanawake na mwanasiasa wa Iran. Mnamo mwaka 1963, alikuwa miongoni mwa kundi la kwanza la wanawake waliochaguliwa katika Baraza la Kitaifa la Ushauri. Miaka minane baadaye, alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kuchaguliwa katika Baraza la Seneti la Iran. == Wasifu == Tarbiat alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1906 mjini [[Constantinople]] (sasa Istanbul), ambapo baba yake, Hossein Gholi Tarbiat, alikuwa akifan...' 1549802 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hajar Tarbiat''' (1906 – 1974) alikuwa mwanaharakati wa haki za wanawake na mwanasiasa wa Iran. Mnamo mwaka 1963, alikuwa miongoni mwa kundi la kwanza la wanawake waliochaguliwa katika Baraza la Kitaifa la Ushauri. Miaka minane baadaye, alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kuchaguliwa katika Baraza la Seneti la Iran. == Wasifu == Tarbiat alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1906 mjini [[Constantinople]] (sasa Istanbul), ambapo baba yake, Hossein Gholi Tarbiat, alikuwa akifanya kazi katika ubalozi wa Uajemi. Baada ya kukamilisha elimu yake ya sekondari, naye pia alianza kufanya kazi katika ubalozi huo. Alipokuwa akiishi Constantinople, alikutana na [[Mohammad Ali Tarbiat]], ambaye alikuja kufunga naye ndoa. Wanandoa hao walihamia Uajemi (Iran), ambapo Tarbiat akawa mkuu wa shule moja mjini [[Tabriz]]. Mnamo mwaka 1935, alianzisha Kanoun-e-Banovan|Kituo cha Wanawake mjini [[Tehran]],<ref>Shireen Burki (2013) ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=6ZqaAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA217 The Politics of State Intervention: Gender Politics in Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Iran]'', p217</ref> kilichounga mkono mageuzi ya [[Kashf-e hijab]] yaliyopinga uvaaji wa lazima wa hijabu (ushungi).<ref>Hamideh Sedghi (1999) [https://iranicaonline.org/articles/feminist-movements-iii "Feminist movements iii. In the Pahlavi period"] ''Encyclopaedia Iranica'', IX/5, pp492–498</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1906|1974}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] d9u48aoyt3c0knrwfpzwohgl3d34p2h Ben Mosley 0 238371 1549803 2026-05-24T14:11:37Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ben Mosley''' (alizaliwa [[Agosti 9]], [[1981]]) ni [[msanii]] nchini [[Uingereza]] wa ambaye kazi yake inategemea mada za usanifu na michezo. Alisoma sanaa katika Chuo Kikuu cha Liverpool. Alianza maonyesho yake ya kwanza mwaka [[2003]]. Anajulikana kwa uchoraji wake akiwa [[mubashara]] na hutengeneza uchoraji maalum katika hafla za kiwango cha juu duniani kote. Alikuwa msanii rasmi wa timu ya [[Uingereza]] kwenye [[Olimpiki ]] ya [[Paris]] [[2024]]. M...' 1549803 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ben Mosley''' (alizaliwa [[Agosti 9]], [[1981]]) ni [[msanii]] nchini [[Uingereza]] wa ambaye kazi yake inategemea mada za usanifu na michezo. Alisoma sanaa katika Chuo Kikuu cha Liverpool. Alianza maonyesho yake ya kwanza mwaka [[2003]]. Anajulikana kwa uchoraji wake akiwa [[mubashara]] na hutengeneza uchoraji maalum katika hafla za kiwango cha juu duniani kote. Alikuwa msanii rasmi wa timu ya [[Uingereza]] kwenye [[Olimpiki ]] ya [[Paris]] [[2024]]. Mojawapo ya kazi zake maarufu ni picha ya [[Malkia Elizabeth II]] ya Platinum Jubilee aliyoichora kwa ajili ya jarida la ''Hello!'' mwaka [[2022]].<ref name=Ben>[https://www.benmosleyart.com/about/ About Ben Mosley - Ben Mosley's personal website]</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1981]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] iievqc5uwj5rwik16ca00qqna3i5aar Ray Mutimer 0 238372 1549804 2026-05-24T14:15:01Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ray Ivan Gerald Mutimer''' (alizaliwa [[1937]]) ni [[mchoraji]] picha nchini [[Uingereza]]. Baada ya kufundisha kwa miaka mingi, mwaka [[1980]] alijiweka huru kama mchoraji picha. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1937]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]]' 1549804 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ray Ivan Gerald Mutimer''' (alizaliwa [[1937]]) ni [[mchoraji]] picha nchini [[Uingereza]]. Baada ya kufundisha kwa miaka mingi, mwaka [[1980]] alijiweka huru kama mchoraji picha. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1937]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] gs2jc9ndvyvjnzxom94e3o8avs51s9h Mohammad Javad Tondguyan 0 238373 1549806 2026-05-24T14:16:45Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mohammad Javad Bagher Tondguyan''' (16 Juni 1950 – 16 Desemba 1991) alikuwa mhandisi wa [[Irani|Iran]] na waziri wa mafuta chini ya Waziri Mkuu wa Iran [[Mohammad-Ali Rajai]] kuanzia tarehe 2 Septemba hadi 3 Novemba 1980. Alitekwa nyara na majeshi ya Iraq mnamo Novemba 1980 wakati wa [[Vita vya Iran na Iraq]], na baada ya miaka 11 ya kuteswa akiwa mateka, aliuawa na wanajeshi wa Iraq ambapo mwili wake ulirejeshwa Iran tarehe 16 Desemba 1991. == Maish...' 1549806 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohammad Javad Bagher Tondguyan''' (16 Juni 1950 – 16 Desemba 1991) alikuwa mhandisi wa [[Irani|Iran]] na waziri wa mafuta chini ya Waziri Mkuu wa Iran [[Mohammad-Ali Rajai]] kuanzia tarehe 2 Septemba hadi 3 Novemba 1980. Alitekwa nyara na majeshi ya Iraq mnamo Novemba 1980 wakati wa [[Vita vya Iran na Iraq]], na baada ya miaka 11 ya kuteswa akiwa mateka, aliuawa na wanajeshi wa Iraq ambapo mwili wake ulirejeshwa Iran tarehe 16 Desemba 1991. == Maisha ya mapema na elimu == Tondguyan alizaliwa mjini Tehran tarehe 16 Juni 1950.<ref name=harvardmun>{{cite web|title=Joint Crisis: Supreme Defense Council of Iran, 1980 |url=http://www.harvardmun.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/JCCIran1.pdf|work=Harvard Model United Nations|access-date=14 February 2013|pages=9–10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005004228/http://www.harvardmun.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/JCCIran1.pdf|archive-date=5 October 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=iranica>{{Cite web |title=TONDGUYĀN, Moḥammad-Jawād |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/tondguyan-mohammad-jawad |website=Encyclopædia Iranica |language=en |access-date=24 Mei 2026}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1950|1991}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] svxgvzy60hanxz2p03k261c9zvu8jkz 1549979 1549806 2026-05-24T19:08:28Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549979 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohammad Javad Bagher Tondguyan''' (16 Juni 1950 – 16 Desemba 1991) alikuwa mhandisi wa [[Irani|Iran]] na waziri wa mafuta chini ya Waziri Mkuu wa Iran [[Mohammad-Ali Rajai]] kuanzia tarehe 2 Septemba hadi 3 Novemba 1980. Alitekwa nyara na majeshi ya Iraq mnamo Novemba 1980 wakati wa [[Vita vya Iran na Iraq]], na baada ya miaka 11 ya kuteswa akiwa mateka, aliuawa na wanajeshi wa Iraq ambapo mwili wake ulirejeshwa Iran tarehe 16 Desemba 1991. == Maisha ya mapema na elimu == Tondguyan alizaliwa mjini Tehran tarehe 16 Juni 1950.<ref name=harvardmun>{{cite web|title=Joint Crisis: Supreme Defense Council of Iran, 1980 |url=http://www.harvardmun.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/JCCIran1.pdf|work=Harvard Model United Nations|access-date=14 February 2013|pages=9–10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005004228/http://www.harvardmun.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/JCCIran1.pdf|archive-date=5 October 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=iranica>{{Rejea tovuti |title=TONDGUYĀN, Moḥammad-Jawād |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/tondguyan-mohammad-jawad |website=Encyclopædia Iranica |language=en |access-date=24 Mei 2026}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1950|1991}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] k4uqjxmlhm566mdhdag24ktn4t1whh1 Stephen D. Nash 0 238374 1549809 2026-05-24T14:20:56Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Stephen David Nash''' (alizaliwa [[1954]]) ni msanii aliyejikita kwa wanyamapori nchini [[Uingereza]] ambaye anabobea hasa kwenye nyani. Kwa sasa anaishi Chuo Kikuu cha Stony Brook kwenye [[Long Island]],[[New York]], [[USA]], katika Idara ya Sayansi ya Anatomia ambako anafanya kazi kama mshiriki mgeni wa utafiti. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1954]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]]' 1549809 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Stephen David Nash''' (alizaliwa [[1954]]) ni msanii aliyejikita kwa wanyamapori nchini [[Uingereza]] ambaye anabobea hasa kwenye nyani. Kwa sasa anaishi Chuo Kikuu cha Stony Brook kwenye [[Long Island]],[[New York]], [[USA]], katika Idara ya Sayansi ya Anatomia ambako anafanya kazi kama mshiriki mgeni wa utafiti. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1954]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] hdoiqzd1i2ka4cempi36nhiix2v22gg Mohammad Vali Khan Khalatbari Tonekaboni 0 238375 1549810 2026-05-24T14:22:19Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mohammad-Vali Khan, Khalatbari Tonekāboni''' (1846 – 18 Septemba 1926), alifahamika pia kama '''Sepahdar A'zam''' (سپهدار اعظم), alikuwa kiongozi wa Mapinduzi ya Katiba ya Iran na majeshi ya kimapinduzi ya kikatiba kutoka mikoa ya kaskazini mwa [[Iran]] ya [[Mkoa wa Gilan|Gilan]] na [[Mkoa wa Mazandaran|Mazandaran]]. Anajulikana kama mmoja wa wanasiasa na makamanda wa kijeshi wakuu zaidi katika historia ya Iran, pamoja na kuwa mmoja wa maka...' 1549810 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohammad-Vali Khan, Khalatbari Tonekāboni''' (1846 – 18 Septemba 1926), alifahamika pia kama '''Sepahdar A'zam''' (سپهدار اعظم), alikuwa kiongozi wa Mapinduzi ya Katiba ya Iran na majeshi ya kimapinduzi ya kikatiba kutoka mikoa ya kaskazini mwa [[Iran]] ya [[Mkoa wa Gilan|Gilan]] na [[Mkoa wa Mazandaran|Mazandaran]]. Anajulikana kama mmoja wa wanasiasa na makamanda wa kijeshi wakuu zaidi katika historia ya Iran, pamoja na kuwa mmoja wa makabaila matajiri zaidi nchini humo.<ref name="majd-mohammad">{{citation |last=Majd |first=Mohammad Gholi |contribution=Resistance to the Shah: Landowners and Ulama in Iran |title=[[University Press of Florida]] |year= 2000 |pages=45–46}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1846|1926}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] fiudqpb8qwp18h93niu6yrdfh3z1d1k Owen Horwood 0 238376 1549811 2026-05-24T14:22:26Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Owen Pieter Faure Horwood''', DMS (6 Desemba 1916 – 13 Septemba 1998)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sorry, this page does not exist {{!}} Ancestry|url=https://www.ancestry.com/genealogy/records//Owen_Pieter_Horwood_records.ashx?pid=177801171|work=www.ancestry.com|accessdate=2026-05-24}}</ref> alikuwa mwanauchumi na [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini. Alikuwa kiongozi wa chama cha ''National Party'' katika jimbo la Natal na alihudumu kama Waziri wa Fedha kuanzia m...' 1549811 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Owen Pieter Faure Horwood''', DMS (6 Desemba 1916 – 13 Septemba 1998)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sorry, this page does not exist {{!}} Ancestry|url=https://www.ancestry.com/genealogy/records//Owen_Pieter_Horwood_records.ashx?pid=177801171|work=www.ancestry.com|accessdate=2026-05-24}}</ref> alikuwa mwanauchumi na [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini. Alikuwa kiongozi wa chama cha ''National Party'' katika jimbo la Natal na alihudumu kama Waziri wa Fedha kuanzia mwaka 1975 hadi 1984. Alimuoa Helen Watt, ambaye alikuwa dada yake Janet Smith—mke wa Ian Smith, aliyekuwa Waziri Mkuu wa Rhodesia. Baada ya kuhitimu masomo yake ya upili katika [[shule]] ya ''Paarl Boys’ High School'', Horwood alisoma katika Chuo Kikuu cha Cape Town ambapo alitunukiwa digrii ya B.Com (Biashara) na [[diploma]] ya uzamili katika sayansi ya bima (''actuarial science''). Alifanya kazi jijini Cape Town hadi mwaka 1947 alipoteuliwa kuwa Mhadhiri Mwandamizi wa Biashara katika Chuo Kikuu cha Cape Town. Mnamo mwaka 1954, alikuwa profesa mshiriki katika chuo hicho, na mnamo 1956, akawa Profesa wa Uchumi katika Chuo Kikuu cha Rhodesia na Nyasaland mjini Salisbury. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1916]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1998]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] 5m3d0j1732d7w409eor5ifxdt940c6c 1550009 1549811 2026-05-24T20:20:31Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1550009 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Owen Pieter Faure Horwood''', DMS (6 Desemba 1916 – 13 Septemba 1998)<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Sorry, this page does not exist {{!}} Ancestry|url=https://www.ancestry.com/genealogy/records//Owen_Pieter_Horwood_records.ashx?pid=177801171|work=www.ancestry.com|accessdate=2026-05-24}}</ref> alikuwa mwanauchumi na [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini. Alikuwa kiongozi wa chama cha ''National Party'' katika jimbo la Natal na alihudumu kama Waziri wa Fedha kuanzia mwaka 1975 hadi 1984. Alimuoa Helen Watt, ambaye alikuwa dada yake Janet Smith—mke wa Ian Smith, aliyekuwa Waziri Mkuu wa Rhodesia. Baada ya kuhitimu masomo yake ya upili katika [[shule]] ya ''Paarl Boys’ High School'', Horwood alisoma katika Chuo Kikuu cha Cape Town ambapo alitunukiwa digrii ya B.Com (Biashara) na [[diploma]] ya uzamili katika sayansi ya bima (''actuarial science''). Alifanya kazi jijini Cape Town hadi mwaka 1947 alipoteuliwa kuwa Mhadhiri Mwandamizi wa Biashara katika Chuo Kikuu cha Cape Town. Mnamo mwaka 1954, alikuwa profesa mshiriki katika chuo hicho, na mnamo 1956, akawa Profesa wa Uchumi katika Chuo Kikuu cha Rhodesia na Nyasaland mjini Salisbury. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1916]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1998]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] elinvkri5wthpdt16001x2wbwrk3spx Harold E. H. Nelson 0 238377 1549813 2026-05-24T14:24:04Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Harold Edward Hughes Nelson''' ([[Mei 22]], [[1871]] – [[Februari 25]], [[1948]]) alikuwa [[msanii]], [[mchoraji]] picha, mbunifu wa alama za vitabu , matangazo na stempu za posta, [[mchongaji]] wa shaba, na mhadhiri nchini [[Uingereza]]. Alitia saini kazi zake kwa herufi za kwanza N. au H.N.<ref>Luke Taylor, RE , an excellent etcher, enlisted at the first opportunity during the First World War and was killed in action.</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}...' 1549813 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Harold Edward Hughes Nelson''' ([[Mei 22]], [[1871]] – [[Februari 25]], [[1948]]) alikuwa [[msanii]], [[mchoraji]] picha, mbunifu wa alama za vitabu , matangazo na stempu za posta, [[mchongaji]] wa shaba, na mhadhiri nchini [[Uingereza]]. Alitia saini kazi zake kwa herufi za kwanza N. au H.N.<ref>Luke Taylor, RE , an excellent etcher, enlisted at the first opportunity during the First World War and was killed in action.</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachongaji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1871]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1948]] icavh94844oyc7qnqnm1ioe8wt63awm Alex Chekkat Jacob 0 238378 1549814 2026-05-24T14:25:39Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Alex Chekkat Jacob''' (1953/54 – Julai 2021) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini aliyewakilisha chama cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC) katika [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa kuanzia Agosti 2008 hadi Mei 2009. Aliapa kuchukua nafasi hiyo baada ya kutokea kwa nafasi wazi ya dharura katika kundi la wabunge wa ANC.<ref>{{Cite web|title=National Assembly Members - as at 6 May 2009 {{!}} Parliamentary Monitoring Group {{!}} Parliament of South Africa monito...' 1549814 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alex Chekkat Jacob''' (1953/54 – Julai 2021) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini aliyewakilisha chama cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC) katika [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa kuanzia Agosti 2008 hadi Mei 2009. Aliapa kuchukua nafasi hiyo baada ya kutokea kwa nafasi wazi ya dharura katika kundi la wabunge wa ANC.<ref>{{Cite web|title=National Assembly Members - as at 6 May 2009 {{!}} Parliamentary Monitoring Group {{!}} Parliament of South Africa monitored|url=http://www.pmg.org.za/parlinfo/nalist|work=www.pmg.org.za|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en-SA}}</ref> Jacob alikuwa mwenyeji wa Thiruvalla huko Kerala, India, ambapo alikuwa mwanachama hai wa chama cha ''Congress Party''. Alihamia na kuishi katika jimbo la Northern Cape nchini Afrika Kusini mnamo miaka ya 1980 na kufanya kazi kama mwalimu. Alifariki dunia nchini [[Afrika]] Kusini mnamo Julai 2021 akiwa na umri wa miaka 68.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Alex Chekkat, A Former South African MP From Thiruvalla, Dies In Northern Cape|url=https://nrivision.com/alex-chekkat-a-former-south-african-mp-from-thiruvalla-dies-in-northern-cape/3290/|work=NRI Vision|date=2021-07-20|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en-US|author=NRI Vision Report}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1950]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2021]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] aiavkb8szpyloug47xdszjcvz0o7dxz 1550140 1549814 2026-05-25T05:43:51Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550140 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alex Chekkat Jacob''' (1953/54 – Julai 2021) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini aliyewakilisha chama cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC) katika [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa kuanzia Agosti 2008 hadi Mei 2009. Aliapa kuchukua nafasi hiyo baada ya kutokea kwa nafasi wazi ya dharura katika kundi la wabunge wa ANC.<ref>{{Cite web|title=National Assembly Members - as at 6 May 2009 {{!}} Parliamentary Monitoring Group {{!}} Parliament of South Africa monitored|url=http://www.pmg.org.za/parlinfo/nalist|work=www.pmg.org.za|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en-SA|archive-date=2009-05-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090514071402/http://www.pmg.org.za/parlinfo/nalist|url-status=dead}}</ref> Jacob alikuwa mwenyeji wa Thiruvalla huko Kerala, India, ambapo alikuwa mwanachama hai wa chama cha ''Congress Party''. Alihamia na kuishi katika jimbo la Northern Cape nchini Afrika Kusini mnamo miaka ya 1980 na kufanya kazi kama mwalimu. Alifariki dunia nchini [[Afrika]] Kusini mnamo Julai 2021 akiwa na umri wa miaka 68.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Alex Chekkat, A Former South African MP From Thiruvalla, Dies In Northern Cape|url=https://nrivision.com/alex-chekkat-a-former-south-african-mp-from-thiruvalla-dies-in-northern-cape/3290/|work=NRI Vision|date=2021-07-20|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en-US|author=NRI Vision Report}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1950]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2021]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] r76lac7qd4m4oekvylfoiudx3ay73z4 Edmund Hort New 0 238379 1549815 2026-05-24T14:26:21Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Edmund Hort New''' ([[Desemba]] [[1871]] – [[1931]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] nchini [[Uingereza]], mwanachama wa Birmingham Group, na [[mchoraji]] picha mkuu kwa wakati wake.<ref name="morris_soc">David Cox. "''[http://www.morrissociety.org/JWMS/SP74.3.1.Cox.pdf Edmund New's Diary of a Visit to Kelmscott Manor] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100711133519/http://www.morrissociety.org/JWMS/SP74.3.1.Cox.pdf |date=2010-07-11 }}''" (Journal of t...' 1549815 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Edmund Hort New''' ([[Desemba]] [[1871]] – [[1931]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] nchini [[Uingereza]], mwanachama wa Birmingham Group, na [[mchoraji]] picha mkuu kwa wakati wake.<ref name="morris_soc">David Cox. "''[http://www.morrissociety.org/JWMS/SP74.3.1.Cox.pdf Edmund New's Diary of a Visit to Kelmscott Manor] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100711133519/http://www.morrissociety.org/JWMS/SP74.3.1.Cox.pdf |date=2010-07-11 }}''" (Journal of the William Morris Society 3.1, Spring 1974: 3-7).</ref><ref>[http://www.courtbarn.org.uk/new Edmund Hort New] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100131234312/http://www.courtbarn.org.uk/new |date=2010-01-31 }} (Biog. at the "Court barn Museum of Craft and design").</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1871]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1931]] 6m5gnhhxbw1kjnb6c3bcl1daw5pkary Hassan Toufanian 0 238380 1549816 2026-05-24T14:28:11Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Hassan Toufanian''' (20 Julai 1913 – 28 Agosti 1998)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://iichs.org/index.asp?id=2149&doc_cat=7|title=مؤسسه مطالعات تاريخ معاصر ايران IICHS|accessdate=24 August 2021}}</ref> alikuwa Jenerali wa Jeshi la Anga la [[Iran]] chini ya utawala wa [[Shah wa Iran]]. Alikuwa mhitimu wa Chuo cha Kijeshi cha Iran na baadaye alihudumu kama afisa mkuu wa chuo cha usafiri wa anga cha Iran.<ref name="obit"/> Mnamo mwa...' 1549816 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hassan Toufanian''' (20 Julai 1913 – 28 Agosti 1998)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://iichs.org/index.asp?id=2149&doc_cat=7|title=مؤسسه مطالعات تاريخ معاصر ايران IICHS|accessdate=24 August 2021}}</ref> alikuwa Jenerali wa Jeshi la Anga la [[Iran]] chini ya utawala wa [[Shah wa Iran]]. Alikuwa mhitimu wa Chuo cha Kijeshi cha Iran na baadaye alihudumu kama afisa mkuu wa chuo cha usafiri wa anga cha Iran.<ref name="obit"/> Mnamo mwaka 1977, alikuwa Naibu Waziri wa Vita wa Shah na aliongoza [[Mradi wa Flower]] (Project Flower), ambao ulihusisha makubaliano ya kiuchumi kati ya Iran na Israel. Mradi huo ulilenga kujenga ushirikiano na kubadilishana mafuta ya Iran kwa mfumo wa makombora wa Israel, lakini ulikwama mnamo mwaka 1979 wakati wa [[Mapinduzi ya Iran]].<ref name="Bergnab2008">Ronen Bergman. (2008). ''The secret war with Iran: The 30-year clandestine struggle against the world's most dangerous terrorist power''. Simon and Schuster. pp. 5-7</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1913|1998}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] n4c97hvvuquih9i4y2ve6uq51wjabgz 1549818 1549816 2026-05-24T14:28:39Z Egipa 87700 1549818 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hassan Toufanian''' (20 Julai 1913 – 28 Agosti 1998)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://iichs.org/index.asp?id=2149&doc_cat=7|title=مؤسسه مطالعات تاريخ معاصر ايران IICHS|accessdate=24 August 2021}}</ref> alikuwa Jenerali wa Jeshi la Anga la [[Iran]] chini ya utawala wa [[Shah wa Iran]]. Alikuwa mhitimu wa Chuo cha Kijeshi cha Iran na baadaye alihudumu kama afisa mkuu wa chuo cha usafiri wa anga cha Iran. Mnamo mwaka 1977, alikuwa Naibu Waziri wa Vita wa Shah na aliongoza [[Mradi wa Flower]] (Project Flower), ambao ulihusisha makubaliano ya kiuchumi kati ya Iran na Israel. Mradi huo ulilenga kujenga ushirikiano na kubadilishana mafuta ya Iran kwa mfumo wa makombora wa Israel, lakini ulikwama mnamo mwaka 1979 wakati wa [[Mapinduzi ya Iran]].<ref name="Bergnab2008">Ronen Bergman. (2008). ''The secret war with Iran: The 30-year clandestine struggle against the world's most dangerous terrorist power''. Simon and Schuster. pp. 5-7</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1913|1998}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] lc1fqgbmo7khzfgjkpioxhbr6g7cs7r 1549903 1549818 2026-05-24T16:41:11Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549903 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hassan Toufanian''' (20 Julai 1913 – 28 Agosti 1998)<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://iichs.org/index.asp?id=2149&doc_cat=7|title=مؤسسه مطالعات تاريخ معاصر ايران IICHS|accessdate=24 August 2021}}</ref> alikuwa Jenerali wa Jeshi la Anga la [[Iran]] chini ya utawala wa [[Shah wa Iran]]. Alikuwa mhitimu wa Chuo cha Kijeshi cha Iran na baadaye alihudumu kama afisa mkuu wa chuo cha usafiri wa anga cha Iran. Mnamo mwaka 1977, alikuwa Naibu Waziri wa Vita wa Shah na aliongoza [[Mradi wa Flower]] (Project Flower), ambao ulihusisha makubaliano ya kiuchumi kati ya Iran na Israel. Mradi huo ulilenga kujenga ushirikiano na kubadilishana mafuta ya Iran kwa mfumo wa makombora wa Israel, lakini ulikwama mnamo mwaka 1979 wakati wa [[Mapinduzi ya Iran]].<ref name="Bergnab2008">Ronen Bergman. (2008). ''The secret war with Iran: The 30-year clandestine struggle against the world's most dangerous terrorist power''. Simon and Schuster. pp. 5-7</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1913|1998}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] ku45vx0vhzvvi740dak5z2to8be2znp David Chuenyane 0 238381 1549817 2026-05-24T14:28:28Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Lerate David Chuenyane''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] mstaafu wa Afrika Kusini aliyewakilisha chama cha ''National Party'' (NP) katika Bunge la Kitaifa kuanzia mwaka 1994 hadi 1999. Akiwa mwanachama wa zamani wa chama cha ''Pan Africanist Congress'' (PAC), alikwenda uhamishoni mnamo mwaka 1964 kujiunga na kikundi cha wanamgambo cha ''Azanian People's Liberation Army'' (APLA), lakini alijiunga na NP aliporejea nchini mnamo 1992. Baadaye alihamia [[chama]] cha ''Af...' 1549817 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lerate David Chuenyane''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] mstaafu wa Afrika Kusini aliyewakilisha chama cha ''National Party'' (NP) katika Bunge la Kitaifa kuanzia mwaka 1994 hadi 1999. Akiwa mwanachama wa zamani wa chama cha ''Pan Africanist Congress'' (PAC), alikwenda uhamishoni mnamo mwaka 1964 kujiunga na kikundi cha wanamgambo cha ''Azanian People's Liberation Army'' (APLA), lakini alijiunga na NP aliporejea nchini mnamo 1992. Baadaye alihamia [[chama]] cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC) mnamo mwaka 1999.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Crossing a bitter racial and political divide: John Carlin in|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/crossing-a-bitter-racial-and-political-divide-john-carlin-in-johannesburg-meets-two-new-south-africans-a-former-neonazi-who-joined-the-anc-and-an-exradical-once-dedicated-to-apartheid-s-overthrow-who-now-advises-fw-de-1460239.html|work=The Independent|date=1993-08-09|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en}}</ref> == Maisha na Kazi == Chuenyane alijiunga na chama cha PAC kilichokuwa kikipinga ubaguzi wa rangi mnamo mwaka 1960 akiwa na umri wa miaka 18. Mnamo 1964, alikwenda uhamishoni nchini Tanzania ambako alijiunga na APLA na kupata mafunzo ya kijeshi ya miaka mitano kutoka kwa wakufunzi wa China. Baada ya hapo, alihamia Kanada na kisha [[Marekani]], ambako alihitimu masomo yake ya digrii ya kwanza na ya uzamili (master's) na kuwa mhandisi wa umeme. Alirejea Afrika Kusini mnamo Julai 1992 wakati wa kipindi cha mpito cha kuelekea demokrasia. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1940]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] acnhs64jxrkwn2ag6qboo4l12i07a1b 1549884 1549817 2026-05-24T15:52:28Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549884 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lerate David Chuenyane''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] mstaafu wa Afrika Kusini aliyewakilisha chama cha ''National Party'' (NP) katika Bunge la Kitaifa kuanzia mwaka 1994 hadi 1999. Akiwa mwanachama wa zamani wa chama cha ''Pan Africanist Congress'' (PAC), alikwenda uhamishoni mnamo mwaka 1964 kujiunga na kikundi cha wanamgambo cha ''Azanian People's Liberation Army'' (APLA), lakini alijiunga na NP aliporejea nchini mnamo 1992. Baadaye alihamia [[chama]] cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC) mnamo mwaka 1999.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Crossing a bitter racial and political divide: John Carlin in|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/crossing-a-bitter-racial-and-political-divide-john-carlin-in-johannesburg-meets-two-new-south-africans-a-former-neonazi-who-joined-the-anc-and-an-exradical-once-dedicated-to-apartheid-s-overthrow-who-now-advises-fw-de-1460239.html|work=The Independent|date=1993-08-09|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en}}</ref> == Maisha na Kazi == Chuenyane alijiunga na chama cha PAC kilichokuwa kikipinga ubaguzi wa rangi mnamo mwaka 1960 akiwa na umri wa miaka 18. Mnamo 1964, alikwenda uhamishoni nchini Tanzania ambako alijiunga na APLA na kupata mafunzo ya kijeshi ya miaka mitano kutoka kwa wakufunzi wa China. Baada ya hapo, alihamia Kanada na kisha [[Marekani]], ambako alihitimu masomo yake ya digrii ya kwanza na ya uzamili (master's) na kuwa mhandisi wa umeme. Alirejea Afrika Kusini mnamo Julai 1992 wakati wa kipindi cha mpito cha kuelekea demokrasia. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1940]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] d3x2yhm4oemggghd0zg623u56j7pt8z Bertha Newcombe 0 238382 1549820 2026-05-24T14:30:40Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bertha Newcombe''' ([[Februari 17]], [[1857]] – [[Juni 11]], [[1947]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] nchini [[Uingereza]]. Akiwa na umri wa miaka 19, aliingia katika shule ya sanaa ya Slade School huko [[London]] na baadaye inaaminika alisoma katika Académie Colarossi huko [[Paris]]. <ref>''Fireside Facts from the Great Exhibition: Being an Amusing Series of Object Lessons on the Food and Clothing of All Nations in the Year 1851'' and ''Pleasant Pages for Young...' 1549820 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bertha Newcombe''' ([[Februari 17]], [[1857]] – [[Juni 11]], [[1947]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] nchini [[Uingereza]]. Akiwa na umri wa miaka 19, aliingia katika shule ya sanaa ya Slade School huko [[London]] na baadaye inaaminika alisoma katika Académie Colarossi huko [[Paris]]. <ref>''Fireside Facts from the Great Exhibition: Being an Amusing Series of Object Lessons on the Food and Clothing of All Nations in the Year 1851'' and ''Pleasant Pages for Young People, or Book of Home Education and Entertainment'', both published by Houlston & Stoneman, London, ''c''.1851.</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1857]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1947]] 0r4715whz1ccvafohs9w5eosks2uicr Muzi Chirwa 0 238383 1549821 2026-05-24T14:31:09Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Muzi Gibson Chirwa''' (alizaliwa 11 Julai 1968) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Afrika]] Kusini ambaye anahudumu kama [[Katibu]] wa Mkoa wa chama cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC) katika jimbo la Mpumalanga tangu mwezi Aprili 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Muzi Gibson Chirwa|url=http://www.pa.org.za/person/muzi-gibson-chirwa/|work=People's Assembly|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Contact us People's Assembly Tel:465 8885 Fax:465 8887 2nd Floor 9 Churc...' 1549821 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Muzi Gibson Chirwa''' (alizaliwa 11 Julai 1968) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Afrika]] Kusini ambaye anahudumu kama [[Katibu]] wa Mkoa wa chama cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC) katika jimbo la Mpumalanga tangu mwezi Aprili 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Muzi Gibson Chirwa|url=http://www.pa.org.za/person/muzi-gibson-chirwa/|work=People's Assembly|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Contact us People's Assembly Tel:465 8885 Fax:465 8887 2nd Floor 9 Church Square Parliament Street Cape Town 8001 South Africa}}</ref> Kabla ya hapo, alihudumu kama Meya wa Manispaa ya Wilaya ya Gert Sibande.<ref>{{Cite web|title=IN PICTURES: Inside the ANC Mpumalanga elective conference|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/politics/2022-04-02-in-pictures-inside-the-anc-mpumalanga-elective-conference/|work=TimesLIVE|date=2022-04-02|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1968]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] d85ge2hegvjdmbkh5a1thyl070l6mi8 1549998 1549821 2026-05-24T19:53:55Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1549998 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Muzi Gibson Chirwa''' (alizaliwa 11 Julai 1968) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Afrika]] Kusini ambaye anahudumu kama [[Katibu]] wa Mkoa wa chama cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC) katika jimbo la Mpumalanga tangu mwezi Aprili 2022.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Muzi Gibson Chirwa|url=http://www.pa.org.za/person/muzi-gibson-chirwa/|work=People's Assembly|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Contact us People's Assembly Tel:465 8885 Fax:465 8887 2nd Floor 9 Church Square Parliament Street Cape Town 8001 South Africa}}</ref> Kabla ya hapo, alihudumu kama Meya wa Manispaa ya Wilaya ya Gert Sibande.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=IN PICTURES: Inside the ANC Mpumalanga elective conference|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/politics/2022-04-02-in-pictures-inside-the-anc-mpumalanga-elective-conference/|work=TimesLIVE|date=2022-04-02|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1968]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 3exhqi34vpkhk871aedruggllnmpyr1 Inner Circle 0 238384 1549822 2026-05-24T14:32:57Z Said Mfaume 68307 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox musical artist 2 |jina = Inner Circle |picha = Inner Circle (1976).png |maelezo = Inner Circle mnamo mwaka 1976 |landscape = yes |background = group_or_band |jina la kuzaliwa = |jina lingine = The Inner Circle Band<br />The Bad Boys of Reggae |tarehe ya kuzaliwa = |mahali pa kuzaliwa = [[Kingston, Jamaika|Kingston]], Jamaika |tarehe ya kufa = |ala = |aina = Re...' 1549822 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist 2 |jina = Inner Circle |picha = Inner Circle (1976).png |maelezo = Inner Circle mnamo mwaka 1976 |landscape = yes |background = group_or_band |jina la kuzaliwa = |jina lingine = The Inner Circle Band<br />The Bad Boys of Reggae |tarehe ya kuzaliwa = |mahali pa kuzaliwa = [[Kingston, Jamaika|Kingston]], Jamaika |tarehe ya kufa = |ala = |aina = [[Reggae]], [[reggae fusion]] |kazi yake = Bendi ya muziki |miaka ya kazi = 1968–1980, 1981–1982, 1986–sasa |studio = [[Trojan Records|Trojan]], [[Capitol Records|Capitol]], [[Island Records|Island]], [[Ras Records|RAS]], [[Atlantic Records|Atlantic]], Big Beat, [[VP Records|VP]], [[Shanachie Records|Shanachie]], Soundbwoy Entertainment |ameshirikiana na = [[Michael Cooper (mwanamuziki)|Michael "Ibo" Cooper]], Stephen "Cat" Coore, [[Bunny Rugs|William "Bunny Rugs" Clarke]], William Stewart, Irvin "Carrot" Jarrett, Milton "Prilly" Hamilton, Charles Farquharson, Calvin McKenzie, Funky Brown, [[Jacob Miller (mwanamuziki)|Jacob Miller]], Ed Elizalde, Joe Ortiz, Lester Adderley, Norman Grant, Mark Castro, Rick Hunt, Anthony "Junior" Douglas, [[Calton Coffie]], Dave Gonzales, Kris Bentley, Jr. Jazz, [[Michael Sterling (msanii)|Michael Sterling]] |tovuti = {{URL|badboysofreggae.com/}} }} '''Inner Circle''', pia inajulikana kama '''The Inner Circle Band''' au '''The Bad Boys of Reggae''', ni bendi ya [[reggae]] kutoka nchini [[Jamaika]] iliyonzishwa mjini [[Kingston, Jamaika|Kingston]] mnamo mwaka 1968. Mapema miaka ya 1970, bendi hii ilianza kwa kuwasindikiza wanamuziki wa kundi la [[The Chosen Few (kundi la reggae)|The Chosen Few]] kabla ya kuungana na msanii mwenye mafanikio makubwa, [[Jacob Miller (mwanamuziki)|Jacob Miller]], na kutoa mfululizo wa albamu zilizovuma. Kipindi hiki cha kwanza cha bendi kilifikia ukingoni kufuatia kifo cha Miller kilichotokana na ajali ya gari mnamo mwaka 1980. Bendi ilijipanga upya na kurudi tena mnamo mwaka 1986. Katika kipindi hiki kipya, walitoa nyimbo kadhaa zilizovuma kimataifa, zikiwemo "[[Sweat (A La La La La Long)]]" na "[[Bad Boys (wimbo wa Inner Circle)|Bad Boys]]". Wimbo wa "Bad Boys" ulikuja kuwa wimbo mkuu wa utambulisho wa kipindi maarufu cha televisheni nchini Marekani kinachoitwa ''[[Cops (kipindi cha TV)|COPS]]''. Baada ya hapo, kundi hili liliendelea kurekodi nyimbo na kufanya ziara za kimuziki duniani kote. Ndugu wawili, Ian na Roger Lewis, wamebaki kuwa nguzo na wanachama wa kudumu wa bendi hiyo tangu kuanzishwa kwake, wakipiga gitaa la besi (bass) na gitaa la kati (rhythm) mtawalia. Wanachama wengine wa muda mrefu ni mpiga kinanda Bernard "Touter" Harvey, ambaye ni mwanachama tangu mwaka 1973, na mpiga ngoma Lancelot Hall, aliyejiunga nao wakati bendi inajirekebisha upya mwaka 1986. Kikosi cha sasa cha bendi kinakamilishwa na mwimbaji mkuu Trevor "Skatta" Bonnick na mpiga gitaa la solo Andre Philips. == Historia ya kimuziki == === Miaka ya awali (1968–1974) === Kundi la Inner Circle liliundwa mjini Kingston, Jamaika, mwaka 1968 na ndugu wawili Ian Lewis na Roger Lewis wakiwa pamoja na Stephen "Cat" Coore na [[Michael Cooper (mwanamuziki)|Michael Cooper]] ambao wakati huo walikuwa na umri wa miaka 12 tu.<ref name="Thompson">Thompson, Dave (2002) ''Reggae & Caribbean Music'', Backbeat Books, {{ISBN|0-87930-655-6}}, uk. 121-4, 442</ref> Walionekana kwenye rekodi kwa mara ya kwanza mwaka 1970, wakiwasindikiza The Chosen Few kwenye wimbo uliotayarishwa na [[Derrick Harriott]] uitwao "Why Can't I Touch You", huku upande wa pili wa santuri (B-side) ukiandikwa jina la Inner Circle Band kwa midundo ya vyombo pekee. Huu ulikuwa miongoni mwa nyimbo nyingi walizowasindikiza Chosen Few.<ref name="Thompson" /> Mnamo mwaka 1970 bendi iliongeza nguvu baada ya kujiunga kwa mpiga ngoma William Stewart, mpiga vyombo vya mdundo Irvin "Carrot" Jarrett, na mwimbaji William "[[Bunny Rugs]]" Clarke.<ref name="Thompson" /> Bendi ilipiga vyombo pia kwenye wimbo uliovuma wa [[Eric Donaldson]] uitwao "Cherry Oh Baby" na kisha wakarekodi toleo lao wenyewe waliloliita "Red Cherry".<ref name="Thompson" /> Jarrett aliondoka kwenye bendi mwaka 1972, na mwimbaji Clarke alifuata mwaka uliofuata alipohamia jiji la New York.<ref name="Thompson" /> Nafasi ya Clarke ilichukuliwa na Milton "Prilly" Hamilton, lakini muundo huu haukudumu kwa muda mrefu kwani bendi iligawanyika vipande viwili; Coore, Cooper, na Hamilton waliondoka na kwenda kuunda bendi mpya ya [[Third World (bendi)|Third World]] mnamo mwaka 1973.<ref name="Thompson" /> Wakati huo Coore na Cooper walikuwa wanafunzi katika Chuo Kikuu cha West Indies. Baadaye walijumuika tena na wenzao waliohama Inner Circle, Clarke na Jarrett, ndani ya Third World. Wakati huo huo, Inner Circle iliziba mapengo kwa kuwaajiri wapiga vinanda Charles Farquharson na Bernard Harvey (anayejulikana kama "Touter"), pamoja na mpiga ngoma Calvin McKenzie kuchukua nafasi ya Stewart.<ref name="Thompson" /> Bendi ilikuwa ikitumbuiza kwenye hoteli na klabu mbalimbali mjini Kingston, wakipiga mchanganyiko wa nyimbo zilizovuma za reggae, pop na soul, na walitoa albamu yao ya kwanza, ''Dread Reggae Hits'', mnamo mwaka 1973 kupitia studio ya Ian Lewis ya Top Ranking.<ref name="Thompson" /><ref name="Lane">Lane, Sarah (1980) "[https://books.google.com/books?id=3SQEAAAAMBAJ&dq=%22inner+circle%22+reggae&pg=PT26 Florida Challenge for Jamaicans: Top Ranking Sounds Struggling for U.S. Recognition]", ''[[Billboard (gazeti)|Billboard]]'', 6 Desemba 1980, uk. 27</ref> === Enzi ya Jacob Miller === Baada ya kurekodi kwa muda mfupi na mwimbaji Funky Brown, walimleta [[Jacob Miller (mwanamuziki)|Jacob Miller]] kama mwimbaji mkuu wa kudumu (ingawa aliendelea kurekodi kazi zake binafsi kama msanii wa kujitegemea), na walipata wimbo uliovuma sana kwa kurudia wimbo wa kundi la [[The Stylistics]] uitwao "[[You Make Me Feel Brand New]]".<ref name="Thompson" /> Baadhi ya kazi za Miller akiwa na bendi hii zilisajiliwa chini ya jina la Miller pekee, ukiwemo wimbo maarufu wa "Tenement Yard".<ref name="Thompson" /> Bendi ilisaini mkataba na studio ya [[Capitol Records]], ambayo ilitoa albamu zao za ''Reggae Thing'' (1976) na ''Ready for the World'' (1977).<ref name="Thompson" /> Walifanya ziara nchini Marekani wakiwa na mpiga gitaa wa Kimarekani, Ed Elizalde. Mnamo mwaka 1978 walihamia studio ya [[Island Records]] ambayo ilitoa albamu ya ''Everything Is Great'' (1978), iliyojumuisha nyimbo zilizoshika chati nchini Uingereza za "Everything Is Great" na "Stop Breaking My Heart", na kufuatiwa na albamu ya ''New Age Music'' mwaka uliofuata.<ref name="Thompson" /><ref name="British Hit Singles & Albums"/> Mpiga gitaa wa New York, Joe Ortiz (aliyepewa jina la 'Gitzy' na bendi), alijiunga nao na kuongeza vionjo vya muziki wa hard rock, jazz, na blues kwenye miondoko ya reggae. Ortiz alirekodisha katika studio za Compass Point kwa ajili ya albamu ya ''Everything Is Great'' na baadaye alishiriki kwenye ziara yao ya Ulaya kati ya mwaka 1978 na 1980. Lester Adderley naye alijiunga kwenye gitaa kwa ajili ya albamu ya ''New Age Music''. Mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1970, albamu mbili za miondoko ya dub zilitolewa zikitokana na albamu za pekee za Miller za ''Killer Miller'' na ''Wanted'' lakini zikaandikwa chini ya jina la Inner Circle.<ref name="Thompson" /> Bendi ilipata umaarufu mkubwa zaidi baada ya kuonekana wakitumbuiza kama bendi ya hoteli kwenye filamu maarufu ya reggae ya ''[[Rockers (filamu ya 1978)|Rockers]]''.<ref name="Thompson" /> Katika kilele cha mafanikio yake miaka ya 1970, nchini Jamaika ni [[Bob Marley]] pekee aliyekuwa na umaarufu mkubwa kumshinda Jacob Miller, na katika utumbuizaji wa jukwaani, hakuna bendi iliyofikia viwango vyao.<ref name="Barrow">Barrow, Steve & Dalton, Peter (2004) ''The Rough Guide to Reggae, 3rd ed.'', Rough Guides, {{ISBN|1-84353-329-4}}, uk. 200, 242</ref> Kifo cha ghafla cha Miller kilichotokana na ajali ya gari mnamo tarehe 23 Machi 1980 kiliifanya bendi hiyo kusambaratika. Ndugu wa familia ya Lewis na Touter Harvey walihamia Miami, Marekani, ambapo walifungua studio ndogo kwenye ghala, ambayo baadaye ilikuja kuwa studio kubwa na maarufu ya Circle House, na tangu wakati huo bendi imekuwa na makazi yake jijini Miami. === Kujipanga upya na mafanikio nchini Marekani === Mnamo mwaka 1982, walitoa albamu ya ''Something So Good''. Walijirudisha rasmi jukwaani mnamo mwaka 1986 ambapo ndugu wawili wa Lewis na Harvey walijiunga na mwimbaji mpya [[Calton Coffie]] pamoja na mpiga ngoma Lancelot Hall. Muundo huu ulitoa albamu ya ''Black Roses'' mwaka 1986 kupitia studio ya [[RAS Records]].<ref name="Thompson" /> Albamu yao iliyofuata, ''One Way'' (1987), ilijumuisha mmoja wa nyimbo zao bora zaidi katika historia, "[[Bad Boys (wimbo wa Inner Circle)|Bad Boys]]". Wimbo huu ulirekodiwa upya kwa ajili ya albamu yao ya mwaka 1989 ya ''Identified'' na ukachaguliwa kuwa wimbo mkuu wa utambulisho wa mfululizo wa kipindi cha televisheni cha ''[[Cops (kipindi cha TV)|Cops]]'' cha kampuni ya [[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]].<ref name="Thompson" /><ref name="Walker">Walker, Klive (2005) ''Dubwise'', Insomniac Press, {{ISBN|978-1894663960}}, uk. 203</ref> Wimbo wa "Bad Boys" ulitolewa tena kama wimbo wao (singo) mwaka 1990 na kushika chati katika nchi kadhaa za Ulaya, lakini ulipata mafanikio makubwa zaidi uliporudishwa sokoni nchini Marekani mwaka 1993.<ref name="Walker" /> Albamu yao ya mwaka 1992, ''Bad to the Bone'', ilichukuliwa na kampuni ya [[Atlantic Records]] na kutolewa tena kwa jina la ''Bad Boys'' mnamo 1993 ili kufaidika na mafanikio ya wimbo huo.<ref name="Thompson" /> Albamu hiyo iliuza nakala zaidi ya nusu milioni nchini Marekani na nakala zaidi ya milioni nne duniani kote.<ref name="Benarde">Benarde, Scott (1993), "Reggae in music's inner circle", ''Austin American-Statesman'', 16 Desemba 1993, uk. 14</ref> Bendi ilishinda [[Tuzo ya Grammy]] mnamo mwaka 1993 katika kipengele cha 'Albamu Bora ya Reggae ya Kikundi au Wasanii Wawili' kupitia albamu hiyo ya ''Bad Boys''. Albamu hiyo pia ilizaa wimbo mwingine uliotamba sana duniani, "[[Sweat (A La La La La Long)]]", ambao ulikamata nafasi ya 3 kwenye chati za Uingereza na kushika namba moja katika nchi 10 tofauti za Ulaya, ukiuza nakala zaidi ya milioni moja barani humo.<ref name="British Hit Singles & Albums">{{cite book | kwanza= David | mwisho= Roberts | mwaka= 2006 | jina= British Hit Singles & Albums | toleo= la 19 | mchapishaji= Guinness World Records Limited | mahali= London | isbn= 1-904994-10-5 | ukurasa= 269}}</ref><ref name="Bass">Bass, Debra (1994) "Inner Circle: Bad Boys are Back", ''[[Vibe (gazeti)|Vibe]]'', Novemba 1994, uk. 80</ref> Wimbo wa "Bad Boys" ulitumiwa pia kama kibwagizo kwenye [[Bad Boys (filamu ya 1995)|filamu ya mapigano ya mnamo mwaka 1995 yenye jina lilo humo]] iliyoigizwa na [[Will Smith]] na [[Martin Lawrence]], pamoja na sehemu zake zilizofuata za ''[[Bad Boys II]]'' na ''[[Bad Boys for Life]]''. Walipata nafasi nyingine ya kuteuliwa kuwania Grammy mnamo mwaka 1994 kupitia albamu yao ya ''Reggae Dancer''.<ref name="Nall">Nall, Jeff (2006) "Inner Circle has unique world view", ''Florida Today'', 24 Novemba 2006, uk. G20</ref> Calton Coffie aliondoka katikati ya miaka ya 1990 ili kuanza kazi binafsi, na nafasi yake ilichukuliwa na Kris Bentley mnamo 1994, ambaye alionekana kwa mara ya kwanza kwenye albamu ya ''Da Bomb'' (1997). Mnamo mwaka 2008, mwanamuziki Jr. Jazz alichukua nafasi ya mwimbaji mkuu.<ref name="McCallister" /> Albamu yao ya mwaka 2009 ya ''State of Da World'' ilishirikisha mastaa wengi wa reggae akiwemo Luciano, [[Damian Marley]], [[Stephen Marley (mwanamuziki)|Stephen Marley]], [[Junior Reid]], [[Mutabaruka]], na David Hinds kutoka bendi ya [[Steel Pulse]].<ref name="McCallister">McCallister, Jared (2009) "'Bad Boys' band Inner Circle comes 'round with new album, 'State of Da World'", ''[[New York Daily News]]'', 26 Septemba 2009</ref> Mnamo mwaka 2012, bendi ilianzisha kampeni ya 'Saving The Reggae Music' (Okoa Muziki wa Reggae) kwa lengo la kulinda na kutangaza misingi ya asili ya muziki wa reggae dhidi ya mawimbi ya tamaduni za kigeni.<ref name="CambLiv">Campbell-Livingston, Cecelia (2012) "Bad Boys to Reggae's Rescue", ''[[Jamaica Observer]]'', 21 Agosti 2012</ref> Mnamo mwaka 2019, serikali ya Jamaika ilitangaza kuwapatia Ian na Roger Lewis, pamoja na marehemu Jacob Miller, Nishani ya Heshima ya Taifa ya [[Order of Distinction (Jamaika)|Order of Distinction]] kwa mchango wao mkubwa kwenye sanaa.<ref>Johnson, Richard (2019) "Gussie makes Honour roll", ''[[Jamaica Observer]]'', 30 Agosti 2019.</ref> == Wanachama == [[File:Inner Circle @ Supreme Court Gardens (24 1 2009) (3296738332).jpg|thumb|right|Inner Circle wakiwa nchini Australia mnamo mwaka 2009]] ;Wanachama wa sasa * Ian Lewis – gitaa la besi, sauti (1968–1980, 1981–1982, 1986–sasa) * Roger Lewis – gitaa la ridhimu, sauti (1968–1980, 1981–1982, 1986–sasa) * Bernard "Touter" Harvey – kinanda, sauti (1973–1980, 1981–1982, 1986–sasa) * Lancelot Hall – ngoma (1986–sasa) * Trevor "Skatta" Bonnick – sauti kuu (2013–sasa) * Andre Phillips – gitaa la solo (2017–sasa) * Benji Baez - gitaa (2023–sasa) ;Wanachama wa zamani * [[Michael Cooper (mwanamuziki)|Michael "Ibo" Cooper]] – kinanda (1968–1973; alifariki 2023) * Stephen "Cat" Coore – gitaa (1968–1973; alifariki 2026) * [[Bunny Rugs|William "Bunny Rugs" Clarke]] – sauti (1970–1973; alifariki 2014) * William Stewart – ngoma (1970–1973) * Irvin "Carrot" Jarrett – vyombo vya mdundo (1970–1972; alifariki 2018) * Milton "Prilly" Hamilton – sauti (1973) * Charles Farquharson – kinanda (1973–1980, 1981–1982) * Calvin McKenzie – ngoma (1973–1980, 1981–1982) * Funky Brown – sauti (1973–1974) * [[Jacob Miller (mwanamuziki)|Jacob Miller]] – sauti kuu (1974–1980; alifariki) * Ed Elizalde – gitaa (1977–1978) * Joe Ortiz – gitaa (1978–1980) * Lester Adderley – gitaa (1979–1980) * Norman Grant – sauti (1980) * Mark Castro – gitaa (1981–1982) * Rick Hunt – sauti (1981–1982) * Anthony "Junior" Douglas – ngoma (1981–1982) * [[Calton Coffie]] – sauti kuu (1986–1994; alifariki 2023) * Dave Gonzales – gitaa (1989) * Kris Bentley – sauti kuu (1994–2008) * Jr. Jazz – sauti, gitaa (2008–2011) * [[Michael Sterling (msanii)|Michael Sterling]] – gitaa, sauti (2013–2017) == Albamu Zilizotolewa == {{Main article|Diskografia ya Inner Circle}} * ''Dread Reggay Hits'' (1973) * ''Heavy Reggae'' (1974) * ''Reggae Thing'' (1976) * ''Barry Biggs and the Inner Circle'' (1977) (pamoja na [[Barry Biggs]]) * ''Ready for the World'' (1977) * ''Everything is Great'' (1979) * ''New Age Music'' (1980) * ''Something So Good'' (1982) * ''One Way'' (1987) * ''Identified'' (1989) * ''Black Roses'' (1990) * ''[[Bad to the Bone (albamu ya Inner Circle)|Bad to the Bone]]'' (1992) * ''Reggae Dancer'' (1994) * ''Da Bomb Speak My Language'' (1996) * ''Jamaika Me Crazy'' (1998) * ''State of Da World'' (2009) == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == {{commons category|Inner Circle}} * {{Official website|http://www.badboysofreggae.com/}} * {{discogs artist|Inner Circle}} * {{imdb name|0409159}} {{Inner Circle}} [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Jamaika]] 1piiqxfm4nqrthdhuogxiqwv42wpxvs Jonathan Newdick 0 238385 1549823 2026-05-24T14:33:41Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jonathan Newdick''' (alizaliwa [[1948]]) ni [[msanii]] na [[mchoraji]] picha mzaliwa wa Newbury, aliyelelewa mashambani Kusini mwa [[Uingereza]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.resurgence.org/magazine/article2327-exploring-the-earth.html|title=EXPLORING THE EARTH|website=www.resurgence.org}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1948]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]]' 1549823 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jonathan Newdick''' (alizaliwa [[1948]]) ni [[msanii]] na [[mchoraji]] picha mzaliwa wa Newbury, aliyelelewa mashambani Kusini mwa [[Uingereza]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.resurgence.org/magazine/article2327-exploring-the-earth.html|title=EXPLORING THE EARTH|website=www.resurgence.org}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1948]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] sg45zqlt56v4ollansde48wos3v6jv0 1549918 1549823 2026-05-24T17:11:53Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549918 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jonathan Newdick''' (alizaliwa [[1948]]) ni [[msanii]] na [[mchoraji]] picha mzaliwa wa Newbury, aliyelelewa mashambani Kusini mwa [[Uingereza]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.resurgence.org/magazine/article2327-exploring-the-earth.html|title=EXPLORING THE EARTH|website=www.resurgence.org}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1948]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 68r3hqx2h1p5odm3w232gr4ou4jitka Moss Chikane 0 238386 1549824 2026-05-24T14:34:49Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Moses Mabokela "Moss" Chikane''' (1949 – 17 Oktoba 2018) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini na mwanaharakati wa kupinga [[ubaguzi]] wa rangi (''apartheid'') aliyewakilisha chama cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC) katika [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa. Alipatikana na hatia katika Kesi ya Uhaini ya Delmas (''Delmas Treason Trial'').<ref>{{Cite web|title=Delmas – last message from the dock|url=https://mg.co.za/article/1988-12-09-00-delmas-last-message-...' 1549824 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Moses Mabokela "Moss" Chikane''' (1949 – 17 Oktoba 2018) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini na mwanaharakati wa kupinga [[ubaguzi]] wa rangi (''apartheid'') aliyewakilisha chama cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC) katika [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa. Alipatikana na hatia katika Kesi ya Uhaini ya Delmas (''Delmas Treason Trial'').<ref>{{Cite web|title=Delmas – last message from the dock|url=https://mg.co.za/article/1988-12-09-00-delmas-last-message-from-the-dock/|work=The Mail & Guardian|date=1988-12-09|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en-ZA|author=Staff Reporter}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=UDF activist and MP Moss Chikane has died|url=https://www.businessday.co.za/bd/national/2018-10-18-udf-activist-and-mp-moss-chikane-has-died/|work=Business Day|date=2018-10-18|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1949]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2018]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] t7c23yxrf6pm708lym6h0suqmk5zf0a 1549982 1549824 2026-05-24T19:11:17Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1549982 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Moses Mabokela "Moss" Chikane''' (1949 – 17 Oktoba 2018) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini na mwanaharakati wa kupinga [[ubaguzi]] wa rangi (''apartheid'') aliyewakilisha chama cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC) katika [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa. Alipatikana na hatia katika Kesi ya Uhaini ya Delmas (''Delmas Treason Trial'').<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Delmas – last message from the dock|url=https://mg.co.za/article/1988-12-09-00-delmas-last-message-from-the-dock/|work=The Mail & Guardian|date=1988-12-09|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en-ZA|author=Staff Reporter}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=UDF activist and MP Moss Chikane has died|url=https://www.businessday.co.za/bd/national/2018-10-18-udf-activist-and-mp-moss-chikane-has-died/|work=Business Day|date=2018-10-18|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1949]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2018]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] 0ol1pnvzwp5c92nieqbq5mctnb8yvbb Vosugh od-Dowleh 0 238387 1549825 2026-05-24T14:36:10Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Hassan Vosugh od-Dowleh'''<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=N_g_ZI46xncC&dq=Vossug-ed-Dowleh&pg=PA114 British Miscalculations: The Rise of Muslim Nationalism, 1918-1925]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=-zP_F35zLJ0C&dq=Vossug-ed-Dowleh&pg=PA161 Iranian-American Diplomacy]</ref><ref>[https://www.jstor.org/stable/2187556?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents The New Anglo-Persian Agreement]</ref> (&lrm; 1 Aprili 1868 – 3 Februari 1951) alikuwa...' 1549825 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hassan Vosugh od-Dowleh'''<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=N_g_ZI46xncC&dq=Vossug-ed-Dowleh&pg=PA114 British Miscalculations: The Rise of Muslim Nationalism, 1918-1925]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=-zP_F35zLJ0C&dq=Vossug-ed-Dowleh&pg=PA161 Iranian-American Diplomacy]</ref><ref>[https://www.jstor.org/stable/2187556?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents The New Anglo-Persian Agreement]</ref> (&lrm; 1 Aprili 1868 – 3 Februari 1951) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Irani|Iran]] aliyehudumu kama [[Waziri Mkuu wa Iran]] mara mbili. Alikuwa kaka mkubwa wa [[Ahmad Qavam]], ambaye pia alihudumu kama Waziri Mkuu mara tano. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1868|1951}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] hqffntbc5djatelb6fv75x1tf7qczsp Laloo Chiba 0 238388 1549826 2026-05-24T14:39:11Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ishwarlal Laloo "Isu" Chiba''' (5 Novemba 1930 – 8 Desemba 2017) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] na mwanamapinduzi wa Afrika Kusini. Alikamatwa na kuhukumiwa katika Kesi Ndogo ya Rivonia (''Little Rivonia Trial'') mnamo mwaka 1964 pamoja na Mac Maharaj na Wilton Mkwayi, ambapo walijiunga na Nelson Mandela, Walter Sisulu, Govan Mbeki na wafungwa wengine wa kimapinduzi katika Kisiwa cha Robben (Robben Island).<ref>{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/shade...' 1549826 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ishwarlal Laloo "Isu" Chiba''' (5 Novemba 1930 – 8 Desemba 2017) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] na mwanamapinduzi wa Afrika Kusini. Alikamatwa na kuhukumiwa katika Kesi Ndogo ya Rivonia (''Little Rivonia Trial'') mnamo mwaka 1964 pamoja na Mac Maharaj na Wilton Mkwayi, ambapo walijiunga na Nelson Mandela, Walter Sisulu, Govan Mbeki na wafungwa wengine wa kimapinduzi katika Kisiwa cha Robben (Robben Island).<ref>{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/shadesofdifferen00omal|title=Shades of difference : Mac Maharaj and the struggle for South Africa|last=O'Malley|first=Padraig|date=2007|publisher=New Yok : Viking|others=Internet Archive}}</ref> ---- === Maisha ya Awali === Alizaliwa katika familia ya Kihindu mjini Johannesburg. Alipokuwa mtoto, alisoma katika [[Shule]] ya Msingi ya Bree Street na baadaye [[Shule]] ya Upili ya Wahindi ya Johannesburg huko Fordsburg. Alimuoa Luxmi nchini India tarehe 5 Mei 1952. Mapema miaka ya 1950, Chiba alikuwa rafiki wa Ahmed Kathrada, Herbie Pillay, pamoja na Bobby na Tommy Vassen, ambao wote walikuwa wanachama wa chama cha vijana cha ''Transvaal Indian Youth Congress'' (TIYC).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Gauteng premier mourns 'compassionate comrade' Laloo Chiba|url=https://iol.co.za/news/politics/2017-12-09-gauteng-premier-mourns-compassionate-comrade-laloo-chiba/|work=IOL|date=2059-05-06|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=African News Agency}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1930]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2017]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] 660b19uqthj1nw4sdmk5n5pwshgsf3k 1549940 1549826 2026-05-24T18:12:36Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1549940 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ishwarlal Laloo "Isu" Chiba''' (5 Novemba 1930 – 8 Desemba 2017) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] na mwanamapinduzi wa Afrika Kusini. Alikamatwa na kuhukumiwa katika Kesi Ndogo ya Rivonia (''Little Rivonia Trial'') mnamo mwaka 1964 pamoja na Mac Maharaj na Wilton Mkwayi, ambapo walijiunga na Nelson Mandela, Walter Sisulu, Govan Mbeki na wafungwa wengine wa kimapinduzi katika Kisiwa cha Robben (Robben Island).<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=http://archive.org/details/shadesofdifferen00omal|title=Shades of difference : Mac Maharaj and the struggle for South Africa|last=O'Malley|first=Padraig|date=2007|publisher=New Yok : Viking|others=Internet Archive}}</ref> ---- === Maisha ya Awali === Alizaliwa katika familia ya Kihindu mjini Johannesburg. Alipokuwa mtoto, alisoma katika [[Shule]] ya Msingi ya Bree Street na baadaye [[Shule]] ya Upili ya Wahindi ya Johannesburg huko Fordsburg. Alimuoa Luxmi nchini India tarehe 5 Mei 1952. Mapema miaka ya 1950, Chiba alikuwa rafiki wa Ahmed Kathrada, Herbie Pillay, pamoja na Bobby na Tommy Vassen, ambao wote walikuwa wanachama wa chama cha vijana cha ''Transvaal Indian Youth Congress'' (TIYC).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gauteng premier mourns 'compassionate comrade' Laloo Chiba|url=https://iol.co.za/news/politics/2017-12-09-gauteng-premier-mourns-compassionate-comrade-laloo-chiba/|work=IOL|date=2059-05-06|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=African News Agency}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1930]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2017]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] p5kjya7wefc33gjk14h98i4lxjk4na9 Yahya Sadeq Vaziri 0 238389 1549827 2026-05-24T14:41:24Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Hassan Vosugh od-Dowleh'''<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=N_g_ZI46xncC&dq=Vossug-ed-Dowleh&pg=PA114 British Miscalculations: The Rise of Muslim Nationalism, 1918-1925]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=-zP_F35zLJ0C&dq=Vossug-ed-Dowleh&pg=PA161 Iranian-American Diplomacy]</ref><ref>[https://www.jstor.org/stable/2187556?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents The New Anglo-Persian Agreement]</ref> (&lrm; 1 Aprili 1868 – 3 Februari 1951) alikuwa...' 1549827 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hassan Vosugh od-Dowleh'''<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=N_g_ZI46xncC&dq=Vossug-ed-Dowleh&pg=PA114 British Miscalculations: The Rise of Muslim Nationalism, 1918-1925]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=-zP_F35zLJ0C&dq=Vossug-ed-Dowleh&pg=PA161 Iranian-American Diplomacy]</ref><ref>[https://www.jstor.org/stable/2187556?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents The New Anglo-Persian Agreement]</ref> (&lrm; 1 Aprili 1868 – 3 Februari 1951) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Irani|Iran]] aliyehudumu kama [[Waziri Mkuu wa Iran]] mara mbili. Alikuwa kaka mkubwa wa [[Ahmad Qavam]], ambaye pia alihudumu kama Waziri Mkuu mara tano. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1868|1951}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] hqffntbc5djatelb6fv75x1tf7qczsp Mary J. Newill 0 238390 1549828 2026-05-24T14:42:21Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mary Jane Newill''' ([[1860]] – [[1947]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]], mtengenezaji wa tarizi, mwalimu, mchoraji picha za vitabu, na mbunifu wa vioo vya rangi nchini [[Uingereza]] aliyehusishwa na Arts and Crafts. Alisoma katika Birmingham School of Art katika miaka ya [[1880]] na [[1890]]. Alikuwa mwanachama wa Birmingham Group<ref name="Cormack">{{cite book |last1=Cormack |first1=Peter |title=Arts and Crafts Stained Glass |date=2015 |publisher=Paul Mellon...' 1549828 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mary Jane Newill''' ([[1860]] – [[1947]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]], mtengenezaji wa tarizi, mwalimu, mchoraji picha za vitabu, na mbunifu wa vioo vya rangi nchini [[Uingereza]] aliyehusishwa na Arts and Crafts. Alisoma katika Birmingham School of Art katika miaka ya [[1880]] na [[1890]]. Alikuwa mwanachama wa Birmingham Group<ref name="Cormack">{{cite book |last1=Cormack |first1=Peter |title=Arts and Crafts Stained Glass |date=2015 |publisher=Paul Mellon Centre |isbn=978-0300209709 |pages=55}}</ref>. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1860]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1947]] ezoed3s6o3y2l6nj2mpaicsnpyv8xut Makosini Chabangu 0 238391 1549830 2026-05-24T14:43:26Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Makosini Mishack Chabangu''' alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini kutoka mkoa wa Free State na mwanachama wa chama cha ''Economic Freedom Fighters'' (EFF). Chabangu alikuwa Mbunge wa Bunge la Kitaifa la Afrika Kusini kuanzia mwaka 2019 hadi alipojiuzulu mnamo Februari 2023.<ref>{{Citation|title=SEE: These are the people who will represent you in Parliament, provincial legislatures {{!}} News24|url=https://www.news24.com/news24/elections/news/see-thes...' 1549830 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Makosini Mishack Chabangu''' alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini kutoka mkoa wa Free State na mwanachama wa chama cha ''Economic Freedom Fighters'' (EFF). Chabangu alikuwa Mbunge wa Bunge la Kitaifa la Afrika Kusini kuanzia mwaka 2019 hadi alipojiuzulu mnamo Februari 2023.<ref>{{Citation|title=SEE: These are the people who will represent you in Parliament, provincial legislatures {{!}} News24|url=https://www.news24.com/news24/elections/news/see-these-are-the-people-who-will-represent-you-in-parliament-provincial-legislatures-20190515|work=News24|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-24}}</ref> Kuanzia mwaka 2016 hadi 2019, Chabangu alikuwa mjumbe wa kudumu katika Baraza la Kitaifa la Mikoa (NCOP). Wakati wa utumishi wake katika NCOP, alihudumu kwenye Kamati Maalum ya Biashara na Uhusiano wa Kimataifa (2016–2019), Kamati Maalum ya Elimu na Burudani (2016–2019), Kamati Maalum ya Huduma za Jamii (2016–2019), Kamati Maalum ya Maendeleo ya Kiuchumi na Biashara (2016–2019), pamoja na Kamati ya Pamoja ya Mapitio ya Katiba (2018).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Makosini Chabangu|url=http://www.pa.org.za/person/makosini-chabangu/|work=People's Assembly|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Contact us People's Assembly Tel:465 8885 Fax:465 8887 2nd Floor 9 Church Square Parliament Street Cape Town 8001 South Africa}}</ref> Baada ya kuwa Mbunge katika Bunge la Kitaifa, alihudumu kama mwanachama mbadala kwenye Kamati ya [[Wizara]] ya Usafirishaji. Chabangu alijiuzulu ubunge kuanzia tarehe 2 Februari 2023, na alifariki [[dunia]] tarehe 11 Desemba 2023. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2023]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] 05wgmlg86y3wsj9vk2l19lm7e8pq6zs 1549950 1549830 2026-05-24T18:29:59Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549950 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Makosini Mishack Chabangu''' alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini kutoka mkoa wa Free State na mwanachama wa chama cha ''Economic Freedom Fighters'' (EFF). Chabangu alikuwa Mbunge wa Bunge la Kitaifa la Afrika Kusini kuanzia mwaka 2019 hadi alipojiuzulu mnamo Februari 2023.<ref>{{Citation|title=SEE: These are the people who will represent you in Parliament, provincial legislatures {{!}} News24|url=https://www.news24.com/news24/elections/news/see-these-are-the-people-who-will-represent-you-in-parliament-provincial-legislatures-20190515|work=News24|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-24}}</ref> Kuanzia mwaka 2016 hadi 2019, Chabangu alikuwa mjumbe wa kudumu katika Baraza la Kitaifa la Mikoa (NCOP). Wakati wa utumishi wake katika NCOP, alihudumu kwenye Kamati Maalum ya Biashara na Uhusiano wa Kimataifa (2016–2019), Kamati Maalum ya Elimu na Burudani (2016–2019), Kamati Maalum ya Huduma za Jamii (2016–2019), Kamati Maalum ya Maendeleo ya Kiuchumi na Biashara (2016–2019), pamoja na Kamati ya Pamoja ya Mapitio ya Katiba (2018).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Makosini Chabangu|url=http://www.pa.org.za/person/makosini-chabangu/|work=People's Assembly|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Contact us People's Assembly Tel:465 8885 Fax:465 8887 2nd Floor 9 Church Square Parliament Street Cape Town 8001 South Africa}}</ref> Baada ya kuwa Mbunge katika Bunge la Kitaifa, alihudumu kama mwanachama mbadala kwenye Kamati ya [[Wizara]] ya Usafirishaji. Chabangu alijiuzulu ubunge kuanzia tarehe 2 Februari 2023, na alifariki [[dunia]] tarehe 11 Desemba 2023. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2023]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] t985u2f8usu6rajtmlokoxbzfnha2v5 David Emmanuel Noel 0 238392 1549831 2026-05-24T14:45:20Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''David Emmanuel Noel''' (alizaliwa [[Desemba 12]], [[1972]] huko [[London]]) ni [[mchoraji]] na mbunifu nchini [[Uingereza]] ambaye kazi yake ilijumuisha kufanya kazi kwenye miradi ya sanaa na mashirika ya serikali za mitaa na mashirika ya kutoa msaada kama CAMBA na NSPCC.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.architecture.com/Files/RIBAHoldings/PolicyAndInternationalRelations/ClientForums/Higher/Resources/HEDQFexhibition09.pdf |title=Layout 1 |website=Archit...' 1549831 wikitext text/x-wiki '''David Emmanuel Noel''' (alizaliwa [[Desemba 12]], [[1972]] huko [[London]]) ni [[mchoraji]] na mbunifu nchini [[Uingereza]] ambaye kazi yake ilijumuisha kufanya kazi kwenye miradi ya sanaa na mashirika ya serikali za mitaa na mashirika ya kutoa msaada kama CAMBA na NSPCC.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.architecture.com/Files/RIBAHoldings/PolicyAndInternationalRelations/ClientForums/Higher/Resources/HEDQFexhibition09.pdf |title=Layout 1 |website=Architecture.com |date= |accessdate=16 November 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170102144346/https://www.architecture.com/Files/RIBAHoldings/PolicyAndInternationalRelations/ClientForums/Higher/Resources/HEDQFexhibition09.pdf |archive-date=2 January 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1972]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ry4m3tukl4ah4csv06oa3npd3e54005 Yusuf Cassim 0 238393 1549832 2026-05-24T14:47:22Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Yusuf Cassim''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini kutoka chama cha ''Democratic Alliance'' (DA). Amewahi kuhudumu kama [[Mbunge]] wa Bunge la Kitaifa, Kiongozi wa Kitaifa wa Shirika la Wanafunzi la DA (DASO), na kaimu Kiongozi wa Vijana wa DA (DA Youth) baada ya Mbali Ntuli kujiuzulu. Pia, alikuwa Rais wa Baraza la Wawakilishi wa [[Wanafunzi]] (SRC) katika Chuo Kikuu cha Nelson Mandela mnamo mwaka 2012 na aliwahi kuwa Msemaji wa DA bungeni kuhusu Elim...' 1549832 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yusuf Cassim''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini kutoka chama cha ''Democratic Alliance'' (DA). Amewahi kuhudumu kama [[Mbunge]] wa Bunge la Kitaifa, Kiongozi wa Kitaifa wa Shirika la Wanafunzi la DA (DASO), na kaimu Kiongozi wa Vijana wa DA (DA Youth) baada ya Mbali Ntuli kujiuzulu. Pia, alikuwa Rais wa Baraza la Wawakilishi wa [[Wanafunzi]] (SRC) katika Chuo Kikuu cha Nelson Mandela mnamo mwaka 2012 na aliwahi kuwa Msemaji wa DA bungeni kuhusu Elimu ya Juu. Yeye ni Muislamu.<ref>{{Citation|title=Israeli envoy urges airport security: Treat our South African Muslim MP with respect|url=https://www.haaretz.com/2015-02-25/ty-article/.premium/israeli-envoys-worry-for-muslim-mp/0000017f-e67a-df2c-a1ff-fe7b6f500000|work=Haaretz|language=en|access-date=2026-05-24}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Meet Yusuf Cassim SA's youngest MP at 24|url=http://www.enca.com:80/meet-yusuf-cassim-sas-youngest-mp-24|work=www.enca.com|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Lester Kiewit}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1990]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] pxsfdoob77ldxuihheffqw4pn1dg0i5 1550091 1549832 2026-05-25T02:23:21Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1550091 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yusuf Cassim''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini kutoka chama cha ''Democratic Alliance'' (DA). Amewahi kuhudumu kama [[Mbunge]] wa Bunge la Kitaifa, Kiongozi wa Kitaifa wa Shirika la Wanafunzi la DA (DASO), na kaimu Kiongozi wa Vijana wa DA (DA Youth) baada ya Mbali Ntuli kujiuzulu. Pia, alikuwa Rais wa Baraza la Wawakilishi wa [[Wanafunzi]] (SRC) katika Chuo Kikuu cha Nelson Mandela mnamo mwaka 2012 na aliwahi kuwa Msemaji wa DA bungeni kuhusu Elimu ya Juu. Yeye ni Muislamu.<ref>{{Citation|title=Israeli envoy urges airport security: Treat our South African Muslim MP with respect|url=https://www.haaretz.com/2015-02-25/ty-article/.premium/israeli-envoys-worry-for-muslim-mp/0000017f-e67a-df2c-a1ff-fe7b6f500000|work=Haaretz|language=en|access-date=2026-05-24}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Meet Yusuf Cassim SA's youngest MP at 24|url=http://www.enca.com:80/meet-yusuf-cassim-sas-youngest-mp-24|work=www.enca.com|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Lester Kiewit}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1990]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] htrg7db2an3dxmv4orh1buxas3ha6jq 1550092 1550091 2026-05-25T02:25:27Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550092 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yusuf Cassim''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini kutoka chama cha ''Democratic Alliance'' (DA). Amewahi kuhudumu kama [[Mbunge]] wa Bunge la Kitaifa, Kiongozi wa Kitaifa wa Shirika la Wanafunzi la DA (DASO), na kaimu Kiongozi wa Vijana wa DA (DA Youth) baada ya Mbali Ntuli kujiuzulu. Pia, alikuwa Rais wa Baraza la Wawakilishi wa [[Wanafunzi]] (SRC) katika Chuo Kikuu cha Nelson Mandela mnamo mwaka 2012 na aliwahi kuwa Msemaji wa DA bungeni kuhusu Elimu ya Juu. Yeye ni Muislamu.<ref>{{Citation|title=Israeli envoy urges airport security: Treat our South African Muslim MP with respect|url=https://www.haaretz.com/2015-02-25/ty-article/.premium/israeli-envoys-worry-for-muslim-mp/0000017f-e67a-df2c-a1ff-fe7b6f500000|work=Haaretz|language=en|access-date=2026-05-24}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Meet Yusuf Cassim SA's youngest MP at 24|url=http://www.enca.com/meet-yusuf-cassim-sas-youngest-mp-24|work=www.enca.com|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Lester Kiewit|archive-date=2017-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829174541/http://www.enca.com/meet-yusuf-cassim-sas-youngest-mp-24|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1990]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] fdax4em0noogbxc5k6700w1pil4ygcj Glen Carelse 0 238394 1549833 2026-05-24T14:50:42Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Glen Morris Edwin Carelse''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini aliyewakilisha chama cha ''National Party'' (NP) katika Bunge la Kitaifa kuanzia mwaka 1994 hadi 1999. Alichaguliwa katika nafasi hiyo kupitia uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 1994. Kuelekea uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 1999, Carelse aliwekwa katika nafasi ya 19 kwenye orodha ya chama cha ''New National Party'' (NNP)—chama kilichorithi NP—katika jimbo la Western Cape. Carelse, akishirikiana na Chris W...' 1549833 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Glen Morris Edwin Carelse''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini aliyewakilisha chama cha ''National Party'' (NP) katika Bunge la Kitaifa kuanzia mwaka 1994 hadi 1999. Alichaguliwa katika nafasi hiyo kupitia uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 1994. Kuelekea uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 1999, Carelse aliwekwa katika nafasi ya 19 kwenye orodha ya chama cha ''New National Party'' (NNP)—chama kilichorithi NP—katika jimbo la Western Cape. Carelse, akishirikiana na Chris Wyngaard pamoja na Pauline Cupido, inaripotiwa kuwa walilalamika kwa [[uongozi]] wa chama kuhusu kuwekwa kwao katika nafasi za chini kwenye orodha hiyo. Kufikia katikati ya mwezi Desemba 1998, gazeti la ''Mail & Guardian'' liliripoti kuwa alikuwa "karibu kujiondoa" kwenye chama hicho.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Key Western Cape Nats seek new|url=https://mg.co.za/article/1998-12-18-key-western-cape-nats-seek-new/|work=The Mail & Guardian|date=1998-12-18|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en-ZA|author=Staff Reporter}}</ref> Wiki chache baadaye, mnamo Januari 1999, yeye na wenzake walitangaza kujiuzulu kutoka NNP na kujiunga na [[chama]] cha ''Democratic Party'' (DP).<ref>{{Cite web|title=VIRGIN CUSTOM IN MPUMA|url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-01-18-virgin-custom-in-mpuma/|work=The Mail & Guardian|date=1999-01-18|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en-ZA|author=Staff Reporter}}</ref> Hata hivyo, hakuchaguliwa tena kuingia bungeni kupitia tiketi ya DP wakati uchaguzi mkuu ulipofanyika. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] keank8dgrfk1am6xspxp4ycex42yrja 1549898 1549833 2026-05-24T16:32:44Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1549898 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Glen Morris Edwin Carelse''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini aliyewakilisha chama cha ''National Party'' (NP) katika Bunge la Kitaifa kuanzia mwaka 1994 hadi 1999. Alichaguliwa katika nafasi hiyo kupitia uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 1994. Kuelekea uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 1999, Carelse aliwekwa katika nafasi ya 19 kwenye orodha ya chama cha ''New National Party'' (NNP)—chama kilichorithi NP—katika jimbo la Western Cape. Carelse, akishirikiana na Chris Wyngaard pamoja na Pauline Cupido, inaripotiwa kuwa walilalamika kwa [[uongozi]] wa chama kuhusu kuwekwa kwao katika nafasi za chini kwenye orodha hiyo. Kufikia katikati ya mwezi Desemba 1998, gazeti la ''Mail & Guardian'' liliripoti kuwa alikuwa "karibu kujiondoa" kwenye chama hicho.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Key Western Cape Nats seek new|url=https://mg.co.za/article/1998-12-18-key-western-cape-nats-seek-new/|work=The Mail & Guardian|date=1998-12-18|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en-ZA|author=Staff Reporter}}</ref> Wiki chache baadaye, mnamo Januari 1999, yeye na wenzake walitangaza kujiuzulu kutoka NNP na kujiunga na [[chama]] cha ''Democratic Party'' (DP).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=VIRGIN CUSTOM IN MPUMA|url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-01-18-virgin-custom-in-mpuma/|work=The Mail & Guardian|date=1999-01-18|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en-ZA|author=Staff Reporter}}</ref> Hata hivyo, hakuchaguliwa tena kuingia bungeni kupitia tiketi ya DP wakati uchaguzi mkuu ulipofanyika. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] rjs3zrust1cgi15xo3lrctbkauo1gcb Sardar Rafie Yanehsari 0 238395 1549834 2026-05-24T14:51:11Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sardar Rafie Yanehsari''' (1856-1930) alikuwa [[Wali (cheo)|Wali]] wa jimbo la [[Astarabad]] ([[Gorgan]]) na Gavana wa Gorgan tangu zamani za [[Naser al-Din Shah Qajar|Naser el-Din Shah]] hadi enzi za [[Reza Shah]], na alikuwa mwanachama wa Nasaba ya Yanehsari. Sardar Rafie alichangia kwa kiasi kikubwa katika maendeleo ya maeneo yaliyokuwa chini ya utawala wake, ikiwa ni pamoja na tafiti za kwanza za kiakiolojia mjini Gorgan, uchimbaji wa kwanza katika...' 1549834 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sardar Rafie Yanehsari''' (1856-1930) alikuwa [[Wali (cheo)|Wali]] wa jimbo la [[Astarabad]] ([[Gorgan]]) na Gavana wa Gorgan tangu zamani za [[Naser al-Din Shah Qajar|Naser el-Din Shah]] hadi enzi za [[Reza Shah]], na alikuwa mwanachama wa Nasaba ya Yanehsari. Sardar Rafie alichangia kwa kiasi kikubwa katika maendeleo ya maeneo yaliyokuwa chini ya utawala wake, ikiwa ni pamoja na tafiti za kwanza za kiakiolojia mjini Gorgan, uchimbaji wa kwanza katika eneo la [[Tepe Hissar|Tepe Hisar]], ujenzi wa barabara kati ya Gorgan na Tehran, na uingizaji wa sayansi ya kisasa mkoani Gorgan; na hii ilikuwa ni sehemu tu ya harakati zake katika kipindi chake cha miaka 39 ya utawala.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Matufi|first=Assadullah|title=Contemporary history of Gorgan (Astarabad province) and the cities of Maravah Tappeh, Kalaleh, Gonbad, Minoodasht, Ramyan, Aliabad, Sorkhankalateh ... (50 years of Pahlavi period)|publisher=Islamic Azad University, Gorgan Branch press|year=2018|isbn=|location=|pages=376}}</ref> Sardar Rafie aliingia madarakani kwa mara ya kwanza mnamo Februari 1892, akichukua nafasi ya baba yake, [[Lotf Ali Khan]] Sartip, aliyetawala eneo la [[Hezarjarib ya Kale - Mazandaran|Hezarjarib]] na kupandishwa hadi cheo cha [[brigedia jenerali]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Zabihi|first=Masih|title=Gorgan Dictionary|publisher=Babak|year=1985|isbn=|location=|pages=176}}</ref> Mbali na huduma zake za kuleta kisasa katika maeneo aliyotawala, yeye pamoja na mpwa wake, Amir Khan-e Sardar, walichukua jukumu kubwa katika kuzima uasi wa Waturkmeni.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Maghsoodloo|first=Hossein Qoli Khan|title=Astarabad Telecommunications|publisher=Tarikh-e Iran|year=1984|isbn=|editor-last=Afshar|editor-first=Iraj|location=Tehran|pages=163}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1856|1930}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Magavana wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] hpedt8uh5xie304u3zsqixh5a59icrm 1550027 1549834 2026-05-24T21:00:48Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 3 template(s) replaced. 1550027 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sardar Rafie Yanehsari''' (1856-1930) alikuwa [[Wali (cheo)|Wali]] wa jimbo la [[Astarabad]] ([[Gorgan]]) na Gavana wa Gorgan tangu zamani za [[Naser al-Din Shah Qajar|Naser el-Din Shah]] hadi enzi za [[Reza Shah]], na alikuwa mwanachama wa Nasaba ya Yanehsari. Sardar Rafie alichangia kwa kiasi kikubwa katika maendeleo ya maeneo yaliyokuwa chini ya utawala wake, ikiwa ni pamoja na tafiti za kwanza za kiakiolojia mjini Gorgan, uchimbaji wa kwanza katika eneo la [[Tepe Hissar|Tepe Hisar]], ujenzi wa barabara kati ya Gorgan na Tehran, na uingizaji wa sayansi ya kisasa mkoani Gorgan; na hii ilikuwa ni sehemu tu ya harakati zake katika kipindi chake cha miaka 39 ya utawala.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|last=Matufi|first=Assadullah|title=Contemporary history of Gorgan (Astarabad province) and the cities of Maravah Tappeh, Kalaleh, Gonbad, Minoodasht, Ramyan, Aliabad, Sorkhankalateh ... (50 years of Pahlavi period)|publisher=Islamic Azad University, Gorgan Branch press|year=2018|isbn=|location=|pages=376}}</ref> Sardar Rafie aliingia madarakani kwa mara ya kwanza mnamo Februari 1892, akichukua nafasi ya baba yake, [[Lotf Ali Khan]] Sartip, aliyetawala eneo la [[Hezarjarib ya Kale - Mazandaran|Hezarjarib]] na kupandishwa hadi cheo cha [[brigedia jenerali]].<ref name=":0">{{Rejea kitabu|last=Zabihi|first=Masih|title=Gorgan Dictionary|publisher=Babak|year=1985|isbn=|location=|pages=176}}</ref> Mbali na huduma zake za kuleta kisasa katika maeneo aliyotawala, yeye pamoja na mpwa wake, Amir Khan-e Sardar, walichukua jukumu kubwa katika kuzima uasi wa Waturkmeni.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|last=Maghsoodloo|first=Hossein Qoli Khan|title=Astarabad Telecommunications|publisher=Tarikh-e Iran|year=1984|isbn=|editor-last=Afshar|editor-first=Iraj|location=Tehran|pages=163}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1856|1930}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Magavana wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] 4i3quxg5qt2hxf3a2lat7efwzaou414 Jacob Miller (mwanamuziki) 0 238396 1549836 2026-05-24T14:52:00Z Said Mfaume 68307 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Jacob Miller | picha = Miller and Marley.jpg | maelezo = Jacob Miller (kushoto) akiwa na [[Bob Marley]] | landscape = yes | background = solo_singer | jina la kuzaliwa = Jacob Miller | jina lingine = Jakes, Killer Miller | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{Birth date|df=yes|1952|5|4}} | mahali pa kuzaliwa = [[Mandeville, Jamaika|Mandeville]], Jamaika | tarehe ya kufa = {{De...' 1549836 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Jacob Miller | picha = Miller and Marley.jpg | maelezo = Jacob Miller (kushoto) akiwa na [[Bob Marley]] | landscape = yes | background = solo_singer | jina la kuzaliwa = Jacob Miller | jina lingine = Jakes, Killer Miller | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{Birth date|df=yes|1952|5|4}} | mahali pa kuzaliwa = [[Mandeville, Jamaika|Mandeville]], Jamaika | tarehe ya kufa = {{Death date and age|1980|3|23|1952|5|4}} | mahali pa kufa = [[Kingston, Jamaika|Kingston]], Jamaika | ala = Sauti | aina = [[Reggae]], roots reggae, dub | kazi yake = Mwimbaji, mtunzi wa nyimbo | miaka ya kazi = 1968–1980 | studio = [[Studio One (studio)|Studio One]], Top Ranking, [[Island Records|Island]], [[Capitol Records|Capitol]] | ameshirikiana na = [[Inner Circle]], [[Augustus Pablo]], [[King Tubby]], [[Gussie Clarke]] | tovuti = }} '''Jacob Miller''' (4 Mei 1952 – 23 Machi 1980) alikuwa msanii wa muziki wa [[reggae]] kutoka nchini [[Jamaika]]. Kazi yake ya kwanza ya kurekodi ilikuwa na mtayarishaji [[Coxsone Dodd|Clement "Sir Coxsone" Dodd]] mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1960. Wakati akiendelea na kazi yake kama msanii wa kujitegemea, alikuja kuwa mwimbaji mkuu wa [[Inner Circle]], bendi maarufu ya [[roots reggae]] ya Jamaika. Miller alirekodi nyimbo na kufanya ziara mbalimbali na Inner Circle kabla ya kufariki dunia kwa ajili ya ajali ya gari mapema mwaka 1980 akiwa na umri wa miaka 27.<ref name="miller-dead">{{cite web |last1=Watson |first1=Michael |title=Jacob Miller Dead at 27 (1980) |date=15 September 2012 |url=https://legendaryreggae.com/2012/09/15/jacob-miller-dead-1980/ |website=Midnight Raver |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120919055030/http://midnightraverblog.com/2012/09/15/jacob-miller-dead-1980/ |archive-date=19 September 2012}}</ref> Umri wake wa kufa unafanana sana na ule wa mwanamuziki wa rock wa Kimarekani [[Jimi Hendrix]], na mara nyingi amekuwa akilinganishwa na mwimbaji wa Kiingereza [[John Lennon]] wa kundi la [[The Beatles]]. == Maisha ya awali == Alizaliwa mjini [[Mandeville, Jamaika|Mandeville]] mnamo mwaka 1952, akiwa mtoto wa pekee wa kiume wa Joan Ashman, ambaye alikuwa mwimbaji wa kwaya na mpiga kinanda. Miller alilelewa katika misingi ya urastafari na hakuwahi kumfahamu baba yake mzazi. Alipokuwa mtoto, alilelewa zaidi na shangazi wa mama yake. Mama yake anamwelezea Miller kama mtu aliyekuwa na tabia ya urafiki sana na uchangamfu tangu utotoni. Siku moja akiwa katika eneo la Half Way Tree (mtaa uliopo [[Kingston, Jamaika|Kingston]]), alirusha fedha zake zote hewani ili kuwapa marafiki zake. Mama yake anaongeza kuwa Miller alikuwa na mapenzi makubwa na muziki, kwani mara nyingi alikuwa akipiga midundo kwa mikono yake au vijiti vya ngoma kwenye vyungu, sufuria, na vyombo vingine vya ndani. Mnamo mwaka 1960, akiwa na umri wa miaka minane, alihamia Kingston, mji mkuu na jiji kubwa zaidi nchini Jamaika.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jacob 'Killer' Miller |website=Still We Rise |url=https://stillwerise.uk/2020/09/12/jacob-killer-miller/ |date=2020-09-12 |access-date=2022-01-11}}</ref> == Rekodi za kwanza == Kuhamia kwake jijini Kingston kulikuja kuwa tukio kubwa na la kihistoria katika maisha yake. Licha ya kuwa bado mdogo sana, Miller alianza kutumia muda mwingine mwingi wa ziada kuzurura kwenye studio za kurekodi muziki jijini humo, hasa katika studio inayofahamika sasa hivi kama [[Studio One (studio)|Studio One]] ya Clement "Sir Coxsone" Dodd.<ref name=Mosk>{{cite book |last=Moskowitz |first=High V. |title=Caribbean Popular Music: An Encyclopedia of Reggae, Mento, Ska, Rock Steady, and Dancehall |date=2006 |publisher=Greenwood Press |isbn=0-313-33158-8 |page=211}}</ref> Alikuwa na matumaini ya kuja kuwa mtoto nyota anayefuata wa studio hiyo. Akiwa na umri wa miaka kumi na tatu tu, alirekodi nyimbo tatu ndani ya Studio One kwa ajili ya Dodd, ukiwemo wimbo wa "Love is a Message".<ref>{{Cite book |editor-last=Larkin |editor-first=Colin |title=The Encyclopedia of Popular Music |year=2006 |edition=4th |volume=5 |pages=764–765 |publisher=Oxford University Press}}</ref> Ndugu wawili waliokuwa wamiliki wa mtambo wa sauti (sound system) wa Rockers, Horace na Garth Swaby, walikuwa wakiupiga wimbo huo mara kwa mara wakati ulipotoka (Horace baadaye alikuja kuwa maarufu kwa jina la jukwaani la [[Augustus Pablo]]).<ref name="10Things">{{cite web |last1=Watson |first1=Michael |title=Ten Things You Didn't Know About Jacob Miller |url=https://legendaryreggae.com/2014/11/21/ten-things-you-didnt-know-about-jacob-miller/ |website=Midnight Raver |date=21 November 2014}}</ref> Wimbo huo haukupata mafanikio makubwa ya kibiashara na haukupewa kipaumbele sana na Dodd; hata hivyo, ulimfanya Horace Swaby kuwa rafiki wa karibu wa Miller na kuona uwezo mkubwa wa kimuziki uliokuwa ndani yake.<ref name=Mosk/> == Safari ya kimuziki == Baada ya ndugu wa familia ya Swaby kuanzisha studio yao wenyewe mnamo mwaka 1972, Horace—ambaye sasa alikuwa akitumia jina la Augustus Pablo—alirekodi toleo jipya la wimbo wa "Love is a Message" na kuuita "Keep on Knocking" mnamo mwaka 1974.<ref name="AllM">{{Cite web |last=Greene |first=Jo-Ann |title=Jacob Miller Biography |url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/jacob-miller-mn0000121073#biography |access-date=2024-10-24 |website=AllMusic}}</ref> Katika kipindi cha mwaka mmoja na nusu uliofuata, Miller alirekodi nyimbo nyingine tano kwa ajili ya Pablo, zikiwemo "Baby I Love You So", "False Rasta", "Who Say Jah No Dread", "Each One Teach One", na "Girl Named Pat". Nyimbo hizi zote zilikuja kuwa nyimbo za asili (classics) za studio ya Rockers huku zikiwa na miondoko ya [[muziki wa dub|dub]] iliyotengenezwa na [[King Tubby]] kwenye upande wa pili wa santuri (B-side). Nyimbo hizi zilijenga jina la Miller kama mwimbaji mahiri, na mafanikio yake yaliwavutia bendi ya [[Inner Circle]] kumkodisha kama mwimbaji wao mkuu mpya kuchukua nafasi ya mwimbaji aliyepita.<ref name="AllM"/> Inner Circle ilikuwa kundi jipya la reggae lililokuwa likipata umaarufu kwa kupiga nyimbo za kurudia za Marekani zilizokuwa kwenye chati za Top 40. Kiongozi wa bendi hiyo, Roger Lewis, alisema kuwa Jacob Miller alikuwa "mtu wa furaha na mcheshi wakati wote. Alipenda kupiga utani na kila mtu alimpenda kwa hilo." Baada ya kumwongeza Miller kama mwimbaji mkuu, muundo wa bendi hiyo ulikuwa na Roger Lewis kwenye gitaa, Ian Lewis kwenye besi, Bernard "Touter" Harvey kwenye vinanda, na Rasheed McKenzie kwenye ngoma. Walimbatiza Miller jina la Jacob "Killer" Miller, na kundi liliendelea kukuza umaarufu wake. Mnamo mwaka 1976, Inner Circle walisaini mkataba na [[Capitol Records]] na kutoa albamu mbili, ''Reggae Thing'' (1976) na ''Ready for the World'' (1977).<ref name="AllM"/> Wakati huo huo, Miller aliendelea na kazi zake binafsi, akirekodi nyimbo kama "Forward Jah Jah Children", "Girl Don't Come" uliotayarishwa na [[Gussie Clarke]], na "I'm a Natty" uliotayarishwa na [[Joe Gibbs (mtayarishaji)|Joe Gibbs]].<ref name="AllM"/> Wimbo wa "I'm a Natty" ulikuwa ni toleo la kurudia la wimbo wa kundi la the Wailers uitwao "Soul Rebel". Alishika nafasi ya pili katika Mashindano ya Wimbo wa Tamasha la Jamaika (Festival Song competition) mwaka 1976 kwa wimbo wake wa "All Night 'Till Daylight" na akatoa albamu yake ya kwanza ya pekee mwaka huo huo iliyoitwa ''Tenement Yard''. Ingawa kazi nyingi za Miller za kujitegemea zilikuwa zikisindikizwa na wajumbe wa Inner Circle, mtindo wake alioupendelea wa *rockers* ulikuwa tofauti kidogo na mwelekeo wa Inner Circle ambao walipendelea kujaribu mitindo mingine kama pop, soul, funk, na disco.<ref name="AllM"/> Wimbo uliompa Miller umaarufu mkubwa na wa kudumu ni ule wa miondoko ya dub reggae ulienda kwa jina la "[[King Tubby Meets Rockers Uptown (wimbo)|King Tubby Meets The Rockers Uptown]]" akiwa na Augustus Pablo, ambao ulikuwa ni dub ya wimbo wake wa "Baby I Love You So", huku ikisukwa upya na [[King Tubby]].<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=16 February 2024 |title=The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-songs-of-all-time-1224767/augustus-pablo-king-tubbys-meets-rockers-uptown-1225072/ |magazine=Rolling Stone}}</ref> Mtandao wa [[AllMusic]] uliuita wimbo wa Miller wa "Baby I Love You So" kama "kazi ya sanaa iliyotukuka" (masterpiece). Miaka mingi baadaye mnamo mwaka 2004, mchezo maarufu wa video wa ''[[Grand Theft Auto]]'' ulitumia toleo la dub la wimbo huo kwenye mchezo wao wa ''[[Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas]]'' kupitia stesheni ya redio ya reggae ya ndani ya mchezo huo iliyoitwa ''K-Jah West''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nattoo |first=Michael |date=6 February 2023 |title=Grand Theft Auto: 15 Dub, Reggae & Dancehall Classics From The Gaming Franchise |url=https://www.dancehallmag.com/2023/02/06/features/grand-theft-auto-15-dub-reggae-dancehall-classics-from-the-gaming-franchise.html |website=DancehallMag}}</ref> == Uigizaji na haiba yake == Miller alionekana kama muigizaji wa ziada akitumia jina lake halisi kwenye filamu maarufu ya roots reggae ya mwaka 1978 iliyoitwa ''[[Rockers (filamu ya 1978)|Rockers]]'', akishirikiana na wasanii wengine wakubwa wa roots reggae kama [[Gregory Isaacs]] na [[Burning Spear]]. Katika filamu hiyo, Miller anaigiza kama mwimbaji wa bendi ya hoteli—ambayo kiuhalisia ilikuwa ni bendi yake ya Inner Circle—ambapo wanaungana kwenye ngoma na shujaa mkuu wa filamu hiyo, [[Leroy "Horsemouth" Wallace]]. Bendi hiyo inapiga toleo fupi la jukwaani la wimbo wao uliovuma wa "Tenement Yard". Filamu hiyo inamwonyesha Miller kama mtu anayependa burudani, chakula, utani, na mwenye mapenzi makubwa na uimbaji. == Tamasha la One Love Peace Concert la 1978 == Katika kile kinachotajwa kuwa moja ya maonyesho yake makubwa zaidi katika historia, Miller alitumbuiza kwenye tamasha la kihistoria la [[One Love Peace Concert]] mnamo mwaka 1978. Tamasha hili lilifanyika kwenye Uwanja wa Taifa wa Jamaika (National Stadium) mjini Kingston mnamo tarehe 22 Aprili 1978,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Campbell |first=Howard |date=2022-07-30 |title=The One Love Peace Concert |url=https://www.jamaicaobserver.com/entertainment/the-one-love-peace-concert/ |website=Jamaica Observer}}</ref> likiwa limekusanya wasanii wakubwa wa reggae wa enzi hizo kama [[Bob Marley]], [[Peter Tosh]], [[Bunny Wailer]], [[U-Roy]], [[Judy Mowatt]], na [[Dennis Brown]]. Tamasha hili lilivutia macho ya nchi nzima kutokana na ushindani mkali na mapigano ya kisiasa yaliyokuwapo kati ya vyama viwili vikuu vya siasa nchini humo; [[Jamaica Labour Party]] na [[People's National Party]]. Viongozi wawili wa kisiasa waliokuwa maadui wakubwa—[[Edward Seaga]] na Waziri Mkuu wa wakati huo [[Michael Manley]]—walikutana jukwaani na kushikana mikono mbele ya Miller na wasanii wengine kama ishara ya amani. Bendi ya Inner Circle iliandika wimbo maalumu kwa ajili ya tukio hilo ulioitwa "Peace Treaty". Utendaji wa Jacob Miller na Inner Circle ulionekana kwa mapana sana kwenye filamu ya makala ya tamasha hilo iitwayo ''Heartland Reggae''. Miller alitumbuiza awamu mbili tofauti—awamu ya kwanza usiku kwenye jukwaa kuu akimfungulia Bob Marley na the Wailers, na awamu ya pili mchana wa siku iliyofuata kwenye jukwaa dogo katika uwanja wa wazi karibu na uwanja wa taifa. Katika maonyesho yote mawili, walipiga wimbo wao wa "Peace Treaty". Wakati wa onyesho la mchana—kama inavyoonekana kwenye filamu hiyo—Miller alijitokeza jukwaani kwa ujasiri mkubwa akiwa amevaa kofia ya kipolisi na kuwasha bapa kubwa la bhangi (ambalo wakati huo lilikuwa kinyume cha sheria nchini Jamaika), jambo lililosababisha umati wa watu kulipuka kwa shangwe na vigelegele. == Maisha ya baadaye na kifo == Mnamo Machi 1980, Jacob Miller alisafiri pamoja na [[Bob Marley]] na mwanzilishi wa studio ya [[Island Records]], [[Chris Blackwell]], kwenda nchini [[Brazil]] kwa ajili ya kusherehekea ufunguzi wa ofisi mpya za Island barani Amerika Kusini. Muda mfupi tu baada ya kurejea Jamaika, mnamo Jumapili ya tarehe 23 Machi 1980, Miller pamoja na mmoja wa watoto wake walipoteza maisha katika ajali mbaya ya gari kwenye barabara ya Hope Road mjini Kingston. Miller na Inner Circle walikuwa kwenye maandalizi ya mwisho ya kufanya ziara kubwa nchini Marekani wakiwa na [[Bob Marley and the Wailer]]<nowiki/>s, na albamu yao iliyofuata ya ''Mixed Up Moods'' ilikuwa imesharekodiwa kikamilifu kabla ya kifo chake.<ref name="miller-dead"/> Gazeti la serikali lilimsifu Miller wakati wa kutangaza kifo chake likisema, "Aliteka ulimwengu kwa kasi ya dhoruba na atakumbukwa kwa ucheshi, uchangamfu, na kicheko chake." Jacob Miller alikuwa binamu wa msanii wa reggae wa Uingereza [[Maxi Priest]]. Kila mwaka nchini Jamaika, albamu yake ya nyimbo za Krismasi (Christmas Album) huwa inapigwa kwa kasi kubwa kwenye stesheni mbalimbali za redio wakati wa msimu wa sikukuu na hupendwa sana na Wajamaika wanaoishi ndani na nje ya nchi yao.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-12-22 |title=After 35 Years, Jacob Miller's 'Natty Christmas' Is Still a Popular Album! |url=https://clintonlindsay.com/2013/12/22/after-35-years-jacob-millers-natty-christmas-still-a-popular-album/ |website=Clinton Lindsay}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == {{commons category|Jacob Miller}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070716231437/http://innercircle-reggae.com/pages/jacob_miller.html Kuhusu Jacob Miller katika innercircle-reggae.com] (Kumbukumbu) * [{{discogs artist|Jacob+Miller}} Jacob Miller kwenye mtandao wa Discogs] {{Inner Circle}} {{Maxi Priest}} {{BD|1952|1980}} [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Jamaika]] nzlgikexr9ym7j781e3hly9it3a7dut 1549913 1549836 2026-05-24T16:58:53Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 6 template(s) replaced. 1549913 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Jacob Miller | picha = Miller and Marley.jpg | maelezo = Jacob Miller (kushoto) akiwa na [[Bob Marley]] | landscape = yes | background = solo_singer | jina la kuzaliwa = Jacob Miller | jina lingine = Jakes, Killer Miller | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{Birth date|df=yes|1952|5|4}} | mahali pa kuzaliwa = [[Mandeville, Jamaika|Mandeville]], Jamaika | tarehe ya kufa = {{Death date and age|1980|3|23|1952|5|4}} | mahali pa kufa = [[Kingston, Jamaika|Kingston]], Jamaika | ala = Sauti | aina = [[Reggae]], roots reggae, dub | kazi yake = Mwimbaji, mtunzi wa nyimbo | miaka ya kazi = 1968–1980 | studio = [[Studio One (studio)|Studio One]], Top Ranking, [[Island Records|Island]], [[Capitol Records|Capitol]] | ameshirikiana na = [[Inner Circle]], [[Augustus Pablo]], [[King Tubby]], [[Gussie Clarke]] | tovuti = }} '''Jacob Miller''' (4 Mei 1952 – 23 Machi 1980) alikuwa msanii wa muziki wa [[reggae]] kutoka nchini [[Jamaika]]. Kazi yake ya kwanza ya kurekodi ilikuwa na mtayarishaji [[Coxsone Dodd|Clement "Sir Coxsone" Dodd]] mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1960. Wakati akiendelea na kazi yake kama msanii wa kujitegemea, alikuja kuwa mwimbaji mkuu wa [[Inner Circle]], bendi maarufu ya [[roots reggae]] ya Jamaika. Miller alirekodi nyimbo na kufanya ziara mbalimbali na Inner Circle kabla ya kufariki dunia kwa ajili ya ajali ya gari mapema mwaka 1980 akiwa na umri wa miaka 27.<ref name="miller-dead">{{cite web |last1=Watson |first1=Michael |title=Jacob Miller Dead at 27 (1980) |date=15 September 2012 |url=https://legendaryreggae.com/2012/09/15/jacob-miller-dead-1980/ |website=Midnight Raver |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120919055030/http://midnightraverblog.com/2012/09/15/jacob-miller-dead-1980/ |archive-date=19 September 2012}}</ref> Umri wake wa kufa unafanana sana na ule wa mwanamuziki wa rock wa Kimarekani [[Jimi Hendrix]], na mara nyingi amekuwa akilinganishwa na mwimbaji wa Kiingereza [[John Lennon]] wa kundi la [[The Beatles]]. == Maisha ya awali == Alizaliwa mjini [[Mandeville, Jamaika|Mandeville]] mnamo mwaka 1952, akiwa mtoto wa pekee wa kiume wa Joan Ashman, ambaye alikuwa mwimbaji wa kwaya na mpiga kinanda. Miller alilelewa katika misingi ya urastafari na hakuwahi kumfahamu baba yake mzazi. Alipokuwa mtoto, alilelewa zaidi na shangazi wa mama yake. Mama yake anamwelezea Miller kama mtu aliyekuwa na tabia ya urafiki sana na uchangamfu tangu utotoni. Siku moja akiwa katika eneo la Half Way Tree (mtaa uliopo [[Kingston, Jamaika|Kingston]]), alirusha fedha zake zote hewani ili kuwapa marafiki zake. Mama yake anaongeza kuwa Miller alikuwa na mapenzi makubwa na muziki, kwani mara nyingi alikuwa akipiga midundo kwa mikono yake au vijiti vya ngoma kwenye vyungu, sufuria, na vyombo vingine vya ndani. Mnamo mwaka 1960, akiwa na umri wa miaka minane, alihamia Kingston, mji mkuu na jiji kubwa zaidi nchini Jamaika.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Jacob 'Killer' Miller |website=Still We Rise |url=https://stillwerise.uk/2020/09/12/jacob-killer-miller/ |date=2020-09-12 |access-date=2022-01-11}}</ref> == Rekodi za kwanza == Kuhamia kwake jijini Kingston kulikuja kuwa tukio kubwa na la kihistoria katika maisha yake. Licha ya kuwa bado mdogo sana, Miller alianza kutumia muda mwingine mwingi wa ziada kuzurura kwenye studio za kurekodi muziki jijini humo, hasa katika studio inayofahamika sasa hivi kama [[Studio One (studio)|Studio One]] ya Clement "Sir Coxsone" Dodd.<ref name=Mosk>{{cite book |last=Moskowitz |first=High V. |title=Caribbean Popular Music: An Encyclopedia of Reggae, Mento, Ska, Rock Steady, and Dancehall |date=2006 |publisher=Greenwood Press |isbn=0-313-33158-8 |page=211}}</ref> Alikuwa na matumaini ya kuja kuwa mtoto nyota anayefuata wa studio hiyo. Akiwa na umri wa miaka kumi na tatu tu, alirekodi nyimbo tatu ndani ya Studio One kwa ajili ya Dodd, ukiwemo wimbo wa "Love is a Message".<ref>{{Rejea kitabu |editor-last=Larkin |editor-first=Colin |title=The Encyclopedia of Popular Music |year=2006 |edition=4th |volume=5 |pages=764–765 |publisher=Oxford University Press}}</ref> Ndugu wawili waliokuwa wamiliki wa mtambo wa sauti (sound system) wa Rockers, Horace na Garth Swaby, walikuwa wakiupiga wimbo huo mara kwa mara wakati ulipotoka (Horace baadaye alikuja kuwa maarufu kwa jina la jukwaani la [[Augustus Pablo]]).<ref name="10Things">{{cite web |last1=Watson |first1=Michael |title=Ten Things You Didn't Know About Jacob Miller |url=https://legendaryreggae.com/2014/11/21/ten-things-you-didnt-know-about-jacob-miller/ |website=Midnight Raver |date=21 November 2014}}</ref> Wimbo huo haukupata mafanikio makubwa ya kibiashara na haukupewa kipaumbele sana na Dodd; hata hivyo, ulimfanya Horace Swaby kuwa rafiki wa karibu wa Miller na kuona uwezo mkubwa wa kimuziki uliokuwa ndani yake.<ref name=Mosk/> == Safari ya kimuziki == Baada ya ndugu wa familia ya Swaby kuanzisha studio yao wenyewe mnamo mwaka 1972, Horace—ambaye sasa alikuwa akitumia jina la Augustus Pablo—alirekodi toleo jipya la wimbo wa "Love is a Message" na kuuita "Keep on Knocking" mnamo mwaka 1974.<ref name="AllM">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Greene |first=Jo-Ann |title=Jacob Miller Biography |url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/jacob-miller-mn0000121073#biography |access-date=2024-10-24 |website=AllMusic}}</ref> Katika kipindi cha mwaka mmoja na nusu uliofuata, Miller alirekodi nyimbo nyingine tano kwa ajili ya Pablo, zikiwemo "Baby I Love You So", "False Rasta", "Who Say Jah No Dread", "Each One Teach One", na "Girl Named Pat". Nyimbo hizi zote zilikuja kuwa nyimbo za asili (classics) za studio ya Rockers huku zikiwa na miondoko ya [[muziki wa dub|dub]] iliyotengenezwa na [[King Tubby]] kwenye upande wa pili wa santuri (B-side). Nyimbo hizi zilijenga jina la Miller kama mwimbaji mahiri, na mafanikio yake yaliwavutia bendi ya [[Inner Circle]] kumkodisha kama mwimbaji wao mkuu mpya kuchukua nafasi ya mwimbaji aliyepita.<ref name="AllM"/> Inner Circle ilikuwa kundi jipya la reggae lililokuwa likipata umaarufu kwa kupiga nyimbo za kurudia za Marekani zilizokuwa kwenye chati za Top 40. Kiongozi wa bendi hiyo, Roger Lewis, alisema kuwa Jacob Miller alikuwa "mtu wa furaha na mcheshi wakati wote. Alipenda kupiga utani na kila mtu alimpenda kwa hilo." Baada ya kumwongeza Miller kama mwimbaji mkuu, muundo wa bendi hiyo ulikuwa na Roger Lewis kwenye gitaa, Ian Lewis kwenye besi, Bernard "Touter" Harvey kwenye vinanda, na Rasheed McKenzie kwenye ngoma. Walimbatiza Miller jina la Jacob "Killer" Miller, na kundi liliendelea kukuza umaarufu wake. Mnamo mwaka 1976, Inner Circle walisaini mkataba na [[Capitol Records]] na kutoa albamu mbili, ''Reggae Thing'' (1976) na ''Ready for the World'' (1977).<ref name="AllM"/> Wakati huo huo, Miller aliendelea na kazi zake binafsi, akirekodi nyimbo kama "Forward Jah Jah Children", "Girl Don't Come" uliotayarishwa na [[Gussie Clarke]], na "I'm a Natty" uliotayarishwa na [[Joe Gibbs (mtayarishaji)|Joe Gibbs]].<ref name="AllM"/> Wimbo wa "I'm a Natty" ulikuwa ni toleo la kurudia la wimbo wa kundi la the Wailers uitwao "Soul Rebel". Alishika nafasi ya pili katika Mashindano ya Wimbo wa Tamasha la Jamaika (Festival Song competition) mwaka 1976 kwa wimbo wake wa "All Night 'Till Daylight" na akatoa albamu yake ya kwanza ya pekee mwaka huo huo iliyoitwa ''Tenement Yard''. Ingawa kazi nyingi za Miller za kujitegemea zilikuwa zikisindikizwa na wajumbe wa Inner Circle, mtindo wake alioupendelea wa *rockers* ulikuwa tofauti kidogo na mwelekeo wa Inner Circle ambao walipendelea kujaribu mitindo mingine kama pop, soul, funk, na disco.<ref name="AllM"/> Wimbo uliompa Miller umaarufu mkubwa na wa kudumu ni ule wa miondoko ya dub reggae ulienda kwa jina la "[[King Tubby Meets Rockers Uptown (wimbo)|King Tubby Meets The Rockers Uptown]]" akiwa na Augustus Pablo, ambao ulikuwa ni dub ya wimbo wake wa "Baby I Love You So", huku ikisukwa upya na [[King Tubby]].<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=16 February 2024 |title=The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-songs-of-all-time-1224767/augustus-pablo-king-tubbys-meets-rockers-uptown-1225072/ |magazine=Rolling Stone}}</ref> Mtandao wa [[AllMusic]] uliuita wimbo wa Miller wa "Baby I Love You So" kama "kazi ya sanaa iliyotukuka" (masterpiece). Miaka mingi baadaye mnamo mwaka 2004, mchezo maarufu wa video wa ''[[Grand Theft Auto]]'' ulitumia toleo la dub la wimbo huo kwenye mchezo wao wa ''[[Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas]]'' kupitia stesheni ya redio ya reggae ya ndani ya mchezo huo iliyoitwa ''K-Jah West''.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Nattoo |first=Michael |date=6 February 2023 |title=Grand Theft Auto: 15 Dub, Reggae & Dancehall Classics From The Gaming Franchise |url=https://www.dancehallmag.com/2023/02/06/features/grand-theft-auto-15-dub-reggae-dancehall-classics-from-the-gaming-franchise.html |website=DancehallMag}}</ref> == Uigizaji na haiba yake == Miller alionekana kama muigizaji wa ziada akitumia jina lake halisi kwenye filamu maarufu ya roots reggae ya mwaka 1978 iliyoitwa ''[[Rockers (filamu ya 1978)|Rockers]]'', akishirikiana na wasanii wengine wakubwa wa roots reggae kama [[Gregory Isaacs]] na [[Burning Spear]]. Katika filamu hiyo, Miller anaigiza kama mwimbaji wa bendi ya hoteli—ambayo kiuhalisia ilikuwa ni bendi yake ya Inner Circle—ambapo wanaungana kwenye ngoma na shujaa mkuu wa filamu hiyo, [[Leroy "Horsemouth" Wallace]]. Bendi hiyo inapiga toleo fupi la jukwaani la wimbo wao uliovuma wa "Tenement Yard". Filamu hiyo inamwonyesha Miller kama mtu anayependa burudani, chakula, utani, na mwenye mapenzi makubwa na uimbaji. == Tamasha la One Love Peace Concert la 1978 == Katika kile kinachotajwa kuwa moja ya maonyesho yake makubwa zaidi katika historia, Miller alitumbuiza kwenye tamasha la kihistoria la [[One Love Peace Concert]] mnamo mwaka 1978. Tamasha hili lilifanyika kwenye Uwanja wa Taifa wa Jamaika (National Stadium) mjini Kingston mnamo tarehe 22 Aprili 1978,<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Campbell |first=Howard |date=2022-07-30 |title=The One Love Peace Concert |url=https://www.jamaicaobserver.com/entertainment/the-one-love-peace-concert/ |website=Jamaica Observer}}</ref> likiwa limekusanya wasanii wakubwa wa reggae wa enzi hizo kama [[Bob Marley]], [[Peter Tosh]], [[Bunny Wailer]], [[U-Roy]], [[Judy Mowatt]], na [[Dennis Brown]]. Tamasha hili lilivutia macho ya nchi nzima kutokana na ushindani mkali na mapigano ya kisiasa yaliyokuwapo kati ya vyama viwili vikuu vya siasa nchini humo; [[Jamaica Labour Party]] na [[People's National Party]]. Viongozi wawili wa kisiasa waliokuwa maadui wakubwa—[[Edward Seaga]] na Waziri Mkuu wa wakati huo [[Michael Manley]]—walikutana jukwaani na kushikana mikono mbele ya Miller na wasanii wengine kama ishara ya amani. Bendi ya Inner Circle iliandika wimbo maalumu kwa ajili ya tukio hilo ulioitwa "Peace Treaty". Utendaji wa Jacob Miller na Inner Circle ulionekana kwa mapana sana kwenye filamu ya makala ya tamasha hilo iitwayo ''Heartland Reggae''. Miller alitumbuiza awamu mbili tofauti—awamu ya kwanza usiku kwenye jukwaa kuu akimfungulia Bob Marley na the Wailers, na awamu ya pili mchana wa siku iliyofuata kwenye jukwaa dogo katika uwanja wa wazi karibu na uwanja wa taifa. Katika maonyesho yote mawili, walipiga wimbo wao wa "Peace Treaty". Wakati wa onyesho la mchana—kama inavyoonekana kwenye filamu hiyo—Miller alijitokeza jukwaani kwa ujasiri mkubwa akiwa amevaa kofia ya kipolisi na kuwasha bapa kubwa la bhangi (ambalo wakati huo lilikuwa kinyume cha sheria nchini Jamaika), jambo lililosababisha umati wa watu kulipuka kwa shangwe na vigelegele. == Maisha ya baadaye na kifo == Mnamo Machi 1980, Jacob Miller alisafiri pamoja na [[Bob Marley]] na mwanzilishi wa studio ya [[Island Records]], [[Chris Blackwell]], kwenda nchini [[Brazil]] kwa ajili ya kusherehekea ufunguzi wa ofisi mpya za Island barani Amerika Kusini. Muda mfupi tu baada ya kurejea Jamaika, mnamo Jumapili ya tarehe 23 Machi 1980, Miller pamoja na mmoja wa watoto wake walipoteza maisha katika ajali mbaya ya gari kwenye barabara ya Hope Road mjini Kingston. Miller na Inner Circle walikuwa kwenye maandalizi ya mwisho ya kufanya ziara kubwa nchini Marekani wakiwa na [[Bob Marley and the Wailer]]<nowiki/>s, na albamu yao iliyofuata ya ''Mixed Up Moods'' ilikuwa imesharekodiwa kikamilifu kabla ya kifo chake.<ref name="miller-dead"/> Gazeti la serikali lilimsifu Miller wakati wa kutangaza kifo chake likisema, "Aliteka ulimwengu kwa kasi ya dhoruba na atakumbukwa kwa ucheshi, uchangamfu, na kicheko chake." Jacob Miller alikuwa binamu wa msanii wa reggae wa Uingereza [[Maxi Priest]]. Kila mwaka nchini Jamaika, albamu yake ya nyimbo za Krismasi (Christmas Album) huwa inapigwa kwa kasi kubwa kwenye stesheni mbalimbali za redio wakati wa msimu wa sikukuu na hupendwa sana na Wajamaika wanaoishi ndani na nje ya nchi yao.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2013-12-22 |title=After 35 Years, Jacob Miller's 'Natty Christmas' Is Still a Popular Album! |url=https://clintonlindsay.com/2013/12/22/after-35-years-jacob-millers-natty-christmas-still-a-popular-album/ |website=Clinton Lindsay}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == {{commons category|Jacob Miller}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070716231437/http://innercircle-reggae.com/pages/jacob_miller.html Kuhusu Jacob Miller katika innercircle-reggae.com] (Kumbukumbu) * [{{discogs artist|Jacob+Miller}} Jacob Miller kwenye mtandao wa Discogs] {{Inner Circle}} {{Maxi Priest}} {{BD|1952|1980}} [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Jamaika]] ooajytiyhnhotjm121nbp9399y3wyzd Shaun Byneveldt 0 238397 1549837 2026-05-24T14:53:22Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Shaun Edward Byneveldt''' ni [[mwanadiplomasia]] na [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini ambaye anahudumu kama Balozi wa Afrika Kusini katika Dola la Palestina. Kabla ya hapo, alihudumu kama Balozi wa Afrika Kusini nchini Syria kuanzia mwaka 2010 hadi 2018. Pia, alikuwa Spika wa Bunge la Mkoa wa Western Cape kuanzia mwaka 2004 hadi 2009. Byneveldt ni mwanachama wa chama cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Diplomatic posts aim to end...' 1549837 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shaun Edward Byneveldt''' ni [[mwanadiplomasia]] na [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini ambaye anahudumu kama Balozi wa Afrika Kusini katika Dola la Palestina. Kabla ya hapo, alihudumu kama Balozi wa Afrika Kusini nchini Syria kuanzia mwaka 2010 hadi 2018. Pia, alikuwa Spika wa Bunge la Mkoa wa Western Cape kuanzia mwaka 2004 hadi 2009. Byneveldt ni mwanachama wa chama cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Diplomatic posts aim to end Cape division|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2010-09-03-diplomatic-posts-aim-to-end-cape-division/|work=The Mail & Guardian|date=2010-09-03|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en-ZA|author=Staff Reporter}}</ref> Mnamo tarehe 30 Januari 2026, Byneveldt alitangazwa kuwa mtu asiyekubalika (''persona non grata'') na kupewa saa 72 kuondoka nchini na [[serikali]] ya Israel. Hatua hiyo ilikuwa ni jibu la kisasi baada ya Wizara ya Uhusiano wa Kimataifa na Ushirikiano ya [[Afrika]] Kusini kumtangaza Kaimu Balozi (''Chargé d'affaires'') wa Israel nchini Afrika Kusini, Ariel Shiedman, kuwa mtu asiyekubalika. Ingawa Byneveldt ni balozi katika Dola la Palestina, utambuzi na idhini ya kazi zake za kidiplomasia ulihitaji uratibu kupitia Israel kutokana na nchi hiyo kuendelea kuikalia kwa mabavu eneo la Ukingo wa Magharibi (West Bank).<ref>{{Cite web|title=South Africa orders expulsion of Israeli envoy, declared persona non grata|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/1/30/south-africa-orders-expulsion-of-israeli-envoy-declared-persona-non-grata|work=Al Jazeera|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Al Jazeera Staff}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] 4vgg2wjiy8lcflztiko1twr22wtp2fb 1550030 1549837 2026-05-24T21:05:30Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1550030 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shaun Edward Byneveldt''' ni [[mwanadiplomasia]] na [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini ambaye anahudumu kama Balozi wa Afrika Kusini katika Dola la Palestina. Kabla ya hapo, alihudumu kama Balozi wa Afrika Kusini nchini Syria kuanzia mwaka 2010 hadi 2018. Pia, alikuwa Spika wa Bunge la Mkoa wa Western Cape kuanzia mwaka 2004 hadi 2009. Byneveldt ni mwanachama wa chama cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Diplomatic posts aim to end Cape division|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2010-09-03-diplomatic-posts-aim-to-end-cape-division/|work=The Mail & Guardian|date=2010-09-03|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en-ZA|author=Staff Reporter}}</ref> Mnamo tarehe 30 Januari 2026, Byneveldt alitangazwa kuwa mtu asiyekubalika (''persona non grata'') na kupewa saa 72 kuondoka nchini na [[serikali]] ya Israel. Hatua hiyo ilikuwa ni jibu la kisasi baada ya Wizara ya Uhusiano wa Kimataifa na Ushirikiano ya [[Afrika]] Kusini kumtangaza Kaimu Balozi (''Chargé d'affaires'') wa Israel nchini Afrika Kusini, Ariel Shiedman, kuwa mtu asiyekubalika. Ingawa Byneveldt ni balozi katika Dola la Palestina, utambuzi na idhini ya kazi zake za kidiplomasia ulihitaji uratibu kupitia Israel kutokana na nchi hiyo kuendelea kuikalia kwa mabavu eneo la Ukingo wa Magharibi (West Bank).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=South Africa orders expulsion of Israeli envoy, declared persona non grata|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/1/30/south-africa-orders-expulsion-of-israeli-envoy-declared-persona-non-grata|work=Al Jazeera|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Al Jazeera Staff}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] tq3bjtiyakosmlvvyw7u87wf6v55rei Matshidiso Botswe 0 238398 1549838 2026-05-24T14:55:44Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Matshidiso Mathews Botswe''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini ambaye amekuwa [[mwenyekiti]] wa mkoa wa chama cha ''Economic Freedom Fighters'' (EFF) tangu alipochaguliwa mnamo Septemba 2018. Anahudumu kama Mbunge wa Bunge la Mkoa wa North West tangu Mei 2019. Kabla ya kuanza utumishi wake katika bunge la mkoa, alikuwa diwani katika Manispaa ya Kienyeji ya Ditsobotla.<ref>{{Cite web|title=PR Councillors|url=https://www.ditsobotla.gov.za/index.php/counc...' 1549838 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Matshidiso Mathews Botswe''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini ambaye amekuwa [[mwenyekiti]] wa mkoa wa chama cha ''Economic Freedom Fighters'' (EFF) tangu alipochaguliwa mnamo Septemba 2018. Anahudumu kama Mbunge wa Bunge la Mkoa wa North West tangu Mei 2019. Kabla ya kuanza utumishi wake katika bunge la mkoa, alikuwa diwani katika Manispaa ya Kienyeji ya Ditsobotla.<ref>{{Cite web|title=PR Councillors|url=https://www.ditsobotla.gov.za/index.php/council/pr-councillors|work=www.ditsobotla.gov.za|accessdate=2026-05-24}}</ref> Mnamo Februari 2020, Botswe alishambuliwa kimwili wakati akitolewa nje ya ukumbi wa [[bunge]] kwa kosa la kuvuruga hotuba ya Rais wa Mkoa (State of the Province Address) iliyokuwa ikitolewa na Waziri Mkuu wa mkoa huo, Job Mokgoro.<ref>{{Cite web|title=EFF members ejected from North West SOPA, DA walks out|url=https://iol.co.za/news/politics/2020-02-21-eff-members-ejected-from-north-west-sopa-da-walks-out/|work=IOL|date=2042-08-06|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Molaole Montsho}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} 94cq320iivoin7uaiu1ql4zwp0p6lpi 1549961 1549838 2026-05-24T18:43:07Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1549961 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Matshidiso Mathews Botswe''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini ambaye amekuwa [[mwenyekiti]] wa mkoa wa chama cha ''Economic Freedom Fighters'' (EFF) tangu alipochaguliwa mnamo Septemba 2018. Anahudumu kama Mbunge wa Bunge la Mkoa wa North West tangu Mei 2019. Kabla ya kuanza utumishi wake katika bunge la mkoa, alikuwa diwani katika Manispaa ya Kienyeji ya Ditsobotla.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=PR Councillors|url=https://www.ditsobotla.gov.za/index.php/council/pr-councillors|work=www.ditsobotla.gov.za|accessdate=2026-05-24}}</ref> Mnamo Februari 2020, Botswe alishambuliwa kimwili wakati akitolewa nje ya ukumbi wa [[bunge]] kwa kosa la kuvuruga hotuba ya Rais wa Mkoa (State of the Province Address) iliyokuwa ikitolewa na Waziri Mkuu wa mkoa huo, Job Mokgoro.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=EFF members ejected from North West SOPA, DA walks out|url=https://iol.co.za/news/politics/2020-02-21-eff-members-ejected-from-north-west-sopa-da-walks-out/|work=IOL|date=2042-08-06|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Molaole Montsho}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} guxyh8sr5xjpco5xz4n4mj4o1tth6jy Kigezo:Maxi Priest 10 238399 1549839 2026-05-24T14:56:12Z Said Mfaume 68307 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Navbox musical artist |name = Maxi Priest |title = [[Maxi Priest]] |state = {{{state|autocollapse}}} |background = solo_singer |bodyclass = hlist |group1 = Albamu za studio |list1 = *''[[Maxi (albamu)|Maxi / Maxi Priest]]'' *''[[Bonafide (albamu ya Maxi Priest)|Bonafide]]'' *''[[Fe Real]]'' |group2 = Albamu za mseto |list2 = *''[[Best of Me (albamu ya Maxi Priest)|Best of Me]]'' |group3 = Nyimbo zilizotoka pekee |list3 = *"Crazy Love (wimbo wa Van M...' 1549839 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox musical artist |name = Maxi Priest |title = [[Maxi Priest]] |state = {{{state|autocollapse}}} |background = solo_singer |bodyclass = hlist |group1 = Albamu za studio |list1 = *''[[Maxi (albamu)|Maxi / Maxi Priest]]'' *''[[Bonafide (albamu ya Maxi Priest)|Bonafide]]'' *''[[Fe Real]]'' |group2 = Albamu za mseto |list2 = *''[[Best of Me (albamu ya Maxi Priest)|Best of Me]]'' |group3 = Nyimbo zilizotoka pekee |list3 = *"[[Crazy Love (wimbo wa Van Morrison)|Crazy Love]]" *"[[Some Guys Have All the Luck]]" *"[[Wild World (wimbo)|Wild World]]" *"[[Close to You (wimbo wa Maxi Priest)|Close to You]]" *"[[That Girl (wimbo wa Maxi Priest)|That Girl]]" |group4 = Makala zinazohusiana |list4 = *[[Jacob Miller]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} </noinclude> axr6bb9vnlunoxk61t4bhborl7lwg78 Steve Noon 0 238400 1549840 2026-05-24T14:56:30Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Steve Noon''' ni [[mchoraji]] picha wa [[Uingereza]], mzaliwa wa Kent, [[Uingereza]]. Tangu [[1985]], Noon alifanya kazi kama [[msanii]] wa kulipwa. Alisomea Technical Illustration katika Kitivo cha Sanaa cha Chuo Kikuu cha Falmouth (zamani Cornwall College of Further and Higher Education) huko [[Cornwall]]. Michoro yake imekuwa ikishinda tuzo, haswa ile iliyo chini ya mchapishaji ''Dorling Kindersley''. Ameonyesha vitabu kama ''A City Through Time'' na...' 1549840 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Steve Noon''' ni [[mchoraji]] picha wa [[Uingereza]], mzaliwa wa Kent, [[Uingereza]]. Tangu [[1985]], Noon alifanya kazi kama [[msanii]] wa kulipwa. Alisomea Technical Illustration katika Kitivo cha Sanaa cha Chuo Kikuu cha Falmouth (zamani Cornwall College of Further and Higher Education) huko [[Cornwall]]. Michoro yake imekuwa ikishinda tuzo, haswa ile iliyo chini ya mchapishaji ''Dorling Kindersley''. Ameonyesha vitabu kama ''A City Through Time'' na ''A Street Through Time'' ambavyo ni sehemu ya makusanyiko wa vitabu.<ref name=Wall>{{cite book |title=Capturing change: globalizing the curriculum through technology |year=2005 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield in partnership with American Forum for Global Education |isbn=978-1-57886-289-4 |pages=85 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1-SeAAAAMAAJ&q=Steve+Noon+%22A+city+through+time%22+%22a+street+through+time%22 |author1=Anne Sauder Wall |author2=Carlette Jackson Hardin |author3=Ann Shelby Harris |access-date=7 November 2013}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa mwaka usiojulikana]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] p3qkipifajr6glxl2yczh8k1fnm5cbv Kigezo:Inner Circle 10 238401 1549842 2026-05-24T14:57:36Z Said Mfaume 68307 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Navbox musical artist | name = Inner Circle | title = [[Inner Circle]] | state = {{{state|autocollapse}}} | background = group_or_band | bodyclass = hlist | above = * ''' Ian Lewis ''' * ''' Roger Lewis ''' * ''' Bernard "Touter" Harvey ''' * '''[[Michael Sterling (mwanamuziki)|Michael Sterling]]''' * ''' Lancelot Hall ''' * ''' Trevor "Skatta" Bonnick ''' * [[Michael "Ibo" Cooper]] * [[Bunny Rugs|William "Bunny Rugs" Clarke]] * Jacob Mil...' 1549842 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox musical artist | name = Inner Circle | title = [[Inner Circle]] | state = {{{state|autocollapse}}} | background = group_or_band | bodyclass = hlist | above = * ''' Ian Lewis ''' * ''' Roger Lewis ''' * ''' Bernard "Touter" Harvey ''' * '''[[Michael Sterling (mwanamuziki)|Michael Sterling]]''' * ''' Lancelot Hall ''' * ''' Trevor "Skatta" Bonnick ''' * [[Michael "Ibo" Cooper]] * [[Bunny Rugs|William "Bunny Rugs" Clarke]] * [[Jacob Miller]] | group1 = Albamu | list1 = * ''[[Bad to the Bone (albamu ya Inner Circle)|Bad to the Bone]]'' (1992) | group2 = Nyimbo zilizotoka pekee | list2 = * "[[Bad Boys (wimbo wa Inner Circle)|Bad Boys]]" * "[[Sweat (A La La La La Long)]]" * "[[Games People Play (wimbo wa Joe South)|Games People Play]]" | group3 = Zinazohusiana | list3 = * [[Orodha ya kazi za Inner Circle|Orodha ya kazi zao]] }} <noinclude> {{collapsible option}} </noinclude> 5pa8o42e9q44btviywf0lhwdef1zi1w 1549844 1549842 2026-05-24T14:58:21Z Said Mfaume 68307 1549844 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox musical artist | name = Inner Circle | title = [[Inner Circle]] | state = {{{state|autocollapse}}} | background = group_or_band | bodyclass = hlist | above = * ''' Ian Lewis ''' * ''' Roger Lewis ''' * ''' Bernard "Touter" Harvey ''' * '''[[Michael Sterling (mwanamuziki)|Michael Sterling]]''' * ''' Lancelot Hall ''' * ''' Trevor "Skatta" Bonnick ''' * [[Michael "Ibo" Cooper]] * [[Bunny Rugs|William "Bunny Rugs" Clarke]] * [[Jacob Miller]] | group1 = Albamu | list1 = * ''[[Bad to the Bone (albamu ya Inner Circle)|Bad to the Bone]]'' (1992) | group2 = Nyimbo zilizotoka pekee | list2 = * "[[Bad Boys (wimbo wa Inner Circle)|Bad Boys]]" * "[[Sweat (A La La La La Long)]]" * "[[Games People Play (wimbo wa Joe South)|Games People Play]]" | group3 = Zinazohusiana | list3 = * [[Diskografia ya Inner Circle|Diskografia]] }} <noinclude> {{collapsible option}} </noinclude> r8u3y92rxrmsoqgwnde5b31xlke1342 Morteza Yazdanpanah 0 238402 1549843 2026-05-24T14:57:41Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Morteza Yazdanpanah''' (1888–1970) alikuwa afisa wa jeshi alihudumu kama Mkuu wa Watumishi wa Pamoja wa Jeshi la Jamhuri ya Kiislamu ya [[Irani|Iran]] na mkuu wa majeshi]] katika [[Jeshi la Kifalme la Iran]] kwa mara mbili tofauti, kati ya mwaka 1941 na 1942 na pia mnamo mwaka 1952. Alishika pia nyadhifa nyingine za kiserikali na kijeshi wakati wa utawala wa [[Reza Shah]] na [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi]]. == Maisha ya mapema na elimu == Yazdanpanah aliza...' 1549843 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Morteza Yazdanpanah''' (1888–1970) alikuwa afisa wa jeshi alihudumu kama Mkuu wa Watumishi wa Pamoja wa Jeshi la Jamhuri ya Kiislamu ya [[Irani|Iran]] na mkuu wa majeshi]] katika [[Jeshi la Kifalme la Iran]] kwa mara mbili tofauti, kati ya mwaka 1941 na 1942 na pia mnamo mwaka 1952. Alishika pia nyadhifa nyingine za kiserikali na kijeshi wakati wa utawala wa [[Reza Shah]] na [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi]]. == Maisha ya mapema na elimu == Yazdanpanah alizaliwa mjini Tehran mnamo mwaka 1888.<ref name=marz>{{cite book|author=Marvin Zonis|title=Political Elite of Iran|year=1971|location=Princeton, NJ|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0691617015|page=65|doi=10.1515/9781400868803|url=https://doi.org/10.1515/9781400868803}}</ref><ref name=cyrus>{{cite web|title=Morteza Yazdan-Panah - Isabella's Great Grandfather|url=https://www.isabellagoli.com/isabellas-family/morteza-yazdan-panah|publisher=Isabella Goli Yazdan Panah|access-date=15 August 2021|quote=citing [[Cyrus Ghani]]'s book, ''Iran and the Rise of Reza Shah'', p. 166|archive-date=15 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210815082437/https://www.isabellagoli.com/isabellas-family/morteza-yazdan-panah}}</ref> Baba yake alikuwa kanali katika jeshi.<ref name=cyrus/> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1888|1970}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] 0ivs4i1zg24k4jl76mji9yzewqaskju Thozamile Botha 0 238403 1549845 2026-05-24T14:59:32Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Thozamile Botha''' (alizaliwa 16 Juni 1948) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tozamile Botha|url=http://www.pa.org.za/person/tozamile-botha/|work=People's Assembly|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Contact us People's Assembly Tel:465 8885 Fax:465 8887 2nd Floor 9 Church Square Parliament Street Cape Town 8001 South Africa}}</ref> Alianza harakati zake za kisiasa kama [[mwanaharakati]] wa vyama vya wafanyakazi na alikuwa mj...' 1549845 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thozamile Botha''' (alizaliwa 16 Juni 1948) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tozamile Botha|url=http://www.pa.org.za/person/tozamile-botha/|work=People's Assembly|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Contact us People's Assembly Tel:465 8885 Fax:465 8887 2nd Floor 9 Church Square Parliament Street Cape Town 8001 South Africa}}</ref> Alianza harakati zake za kisiasa kama [[mwanaharakati]] wa vyama vya wafanyakazi na alikuwa mjumbe wa bodi kuu ya Shirikisho la Vyama vya Wafanyakazi la Afrika Kusini (COSATU). Kutokana na shinikizo la serikali ya ubaguzi wa rangi (''apartheid''), alikwenda uhamishoni mnamo mwaka 1980 nchini Lesotho ambako alifanya [[kazi]] na Chris Hani. Baadaye alihamia Lusaka, Zambia, kabla ya kukamilisha masomo yake ya shahada ya uzamili (master's) katika sayansi ya siasa na utawala wa umma kwenye Chuo Kikuu cha Essex. Alirejea Afrika Kusini baada ya [[chama]] cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC) kuruhusiwa tena kisheria mnamo mwaka 1990, na alichaguliwa kuwa mkuu wa Idara ya Serikali za Mitaa na Mikoa ya chama hicho. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1948]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] t1ghpuvaqj8ngo8w438juk0uw35umzd 1550040 1549845 2026-05-24T21:29:04Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1550040 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thozamile Botha''' (alizaliwa 16 Juni 1948) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tozamile Botha|url=http://www.pa.org.za/person/tozamile-botha/|work=People's Assembly|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Contact us People's Assembly Tel:465 8885 Fax:465 8887 2nd Floor 9 Church Square Parliament Street Cape Town 8001 South Africa}}</ref> Alianza harakati zake za kisiasa kama [[mwanaharakati]] wa vyama vya wafanyakazi na alikuwa mjumbe wa bodi kuu ya Shirikisho la Vyama vya Wafanyakazi la Afrika Kusini (COSATU). Kutokana na shinikizo la serikali ya ubaguzi wa rangi (''apartheid''), alikwenda uhamishoni mnamo mwaka 1980 nchini Lesotho ambako alifanya [[kazi]] na Chris Hani. Baadaye alihamia Lusaka, Zambia, kabla ya kukamilisha masomo yake ya shahada ya uzamili (master's) katika sayansi ya siasa na utawala wa umma kwenye Chuo Kikuu cha Essex. Alirejea Afrika Kusini baada ya [[chama]] cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC) kuruhusiwa tena kisheria mnamo mwaka 1990, na alichaguliwa kuwa mkuu wa Idara ya Serikali za Mitaa na Mikoa ya chama hicho. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1948]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] iug99r93payqvl9f2jy495i5ny5t1oz Mohammed Kazem Yazdi 0 238404 1549846 2026-05-24T15:03:23Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mohammed Kazem Tabataba'i Yazdi''' (م یزدی}}; 1831–1919) alikuwa [[Marja']] wa dhehebu la Shia la [[Ithnasheri]] (Twelver) alikuwa na makazi yake mjini [[Najaf]]. Anafahamika zaidi kwa kukusanya mfululizo wa hukumu za kidini katika kitabu chake kiitwacho [[Al-Urwah al-Wuthqa (kitabu)|al-Urwa al-wuthqa]].{{sfn|Hermann|2013|p=433}}{{sfn|Farzaneh|2015|p=214}} == Mapinduzi ya Katiba == Yazdi hakuwa mtu wa siasa, na kwa sababu hiyo, wakati wa Mapin...' 1549846 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohammed Kazem Tabataba'i Yazdi''' (م یزدی}}; 1831–1919) alikuwa [[Marja']] wa dhehebu la Shia la [[Ithnasheri]] (Twelver) alikuwa na makazi yake mjini [[Najaf]]. Anafahamika zaidi kwa kukusanya mfululizo wa hukumu za kidini katika kitabu chake kiitwacho [[Al-Urwah al-Wuthqa (kitabu)|al-Urwa al-wuthqa]].{{sfn|Hermann|2013|p=433}}{{sfn|Farzaneh|2015|p=214}} == Mapinduzi ya Katiba == Yazdi hakuwa mtu wa siasa, na kwa sababu hiyo, wakati wa [[Mapinduzi ya Katiba ya Iran]], alibaki upande usiofungamana na upande wowote kwa muda mwingi na mara chache sana alitoa matamko ya kisiasa.<ref>Arjomand, Said Amir (16 November 1989). [https://books.google.com/books?id=IQci1YIffjYC&pg=PA52 The Turban for the Crown: The Islamic Revolution in Iran.] Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 52. {{ISBN|978-0-19-504258-0}}.</ref> Tofauti na [[Akhund Khorasani]], yeye aliamini kuwa misingi ya [[Uusuli]] (Usulism) haitoi uhuru wa kuunga mkono siasa za kikatiba. Kwa mtazamo wake, masuala ya siasa yalikuwa nje ya upeo wa utaalamu wake na hivyo aliepuka kushiriki kwayo.{{sfn|Farzaneh|2015|p=214}} Wakati Akhund Khorasani akiwa Marja' mashuhuri na mwenye ushawishi mkubwa mjini Najaf, wafuasi wengi walisali nyuma ya Kazim Yazdi pia, kwani masomo yake kuhusu hukumu za kisheria (fiqh) yalikuwa maarufu sana.<ref name="google3">{{cite book|title=The Mantle of the Prophet|author=Mottahedeh, R.|date=2014|publisher=Oneworld Publications|isbn=978-1-78074-738-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YlsQBwAAQBAJ&pg=PT118|accessdate=2017-02-03}}</ref> Kwa maneno mengine, wote wawili, Mohammad Kazem na Khorasani, walijenga chuo kikubwa cha Shia mjini Najaf ingawa walikuwa na mitazamo tofauti kabisa katika masuala ya siasa.<ref name="google4">{{cite book|title=Iraq: The ancient sites and Iraqi Kurdistan|author1=Hann, G.|author2=Dabrowska, K.|author3=Greaves, T.T.|date=2015|publisher=Bradt Travel Guides|isbn=978-1-84162-488-4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-9RNCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA292|page=292|accessdate=2017-02-03}}</ref> Hata hivyo, hakumuunga mkono kikamilifu Mfalme [[Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar]] wala [[Fazlullah Nouri]], licha ya juhudi zao za kumvuta upande wao. Suala hili lilidhihirika pale bunge lilipomuomba kupitia rasimu ya mwisho ya katiba; alipendekeza mabadiliko kadhaa na kisha akasaini waraka huo.{{sfn|Farzaneh|2015|p=215}} Alieleza kuwa viwanda vya kisasa viliruhusiwa isipokuwa vile tu vilivyopigwa marufuku waziwazi na Sharia.{{sfn|Farzaneh|2015|p=216}} Pia alikubaliana na ufundishaji wa sayansi za kisasa, na kuongeza kuwa serikali isingeingilia vituo vya mafunzo ya kidini ([[Hawza]]). Hakuwa dhidi ya uundaji wa mashirika na vyama mradi tu havisababishi fujo au machafuko, na kwa muktadha huo, hakuona tofauti kati ya mashirika ya kidini na yasiyo ya kidini.{{sfn|Farzaneh|2015|p=216}} Katika utungaji wa sheria, tofauti na Nouri, yeye alitenganisha sheria za kidini (Sharia) na sheria za umma (Urfiya). Maoni yake yalikuwa kwamba masuala ya kibinafsi na ya kifamilia yanapaswa kusuluhishwa katika mahakama za kidini na wanasharia, wakati mambo ya kiserikali na masuala ya nchi yashughulikiwe na mfumo wa kisasa wa mahakama. Kufuatia maoni yake hayo, bunge liliongeza vifungu vya 71 na 72 katika katiba.{{sfn|Farzaneh|2015|p=217}} Ayatullah Yazdi alisema kuwa maadamu katiba ya kisasa ya kidemokrasia haiwalazimishi watu kufanya yaliyokatazwa na Sharia wala kuwazuia kutekeleza wajibu wao wa kidini, hapakuwa na sababu ya kupinga mageuzi ya kidemokrasia, na serikali ilikuwa na haki ya kuwashtaki wahalifu.{{sfn|Farzaneh|2015|p=218}} == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1831|1919}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] 0f7qavtc5gmyhilxckbldrda5q6eog3 Henry Holiday 0 238405 1549847 2026-05-24T15:05:34Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Henry Holiday''' ([[Juni 17]], [[1839]] – [[Aprili 15]], [[1927]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] nchini [[Uingereza]] katika enzi ya Victoria.Alichora picha za aina mbalimbali kama za kihistoria na mandhari, pia mbunifu wa vioo vya rangi , na [[mchongaji]]. Alishawishiwa na kikundi cha Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, wengi wao aliwajua.<ref>*[http://www.courtauld.ac.uk/researchforum/projects/collecting-collections/documents/HenryHolidaycompressed.pdf Henry Holiday...' 1549847 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Henry Holiday''' ([[Juni 17]], [[1839]] – [[Aprili 15]], [[1927]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] nchini [[Uingereza]] katika enzi ya Victoria.Alichora picha za aina mbalimbali kama za kihistoria na mandhari, pia mbunifu wa vioo vya rangi , na [[mchongaji]]. Alishawishiwa na kikundi cha Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, wengi wao aliwajua.<ref>*[http://www.courtauld.ac.uk/researchforum/projects/collecting-collections/documents/HenryHolidaycompressed.pdf Henry Holiday: An artist's album] (Courtauld institute).</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachongaji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1839]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1927]] d9sa76jc1piz6bck5cwz1c8vsl82rvt Dalitha Boshigo 0 238406 1549848 2026-05-24T15:05:52Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Dalitha Fiki Boshigo''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini na mwanachama wa zamani wa [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa la Afrika Kusini kupitia chama cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC). Alichaguliwa katika uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 2009 kuwakilisha eneo [[bunge]] la Limpopo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=List of national assembly MPs - DOCUMENTS {{!}} Politicsweb|url=https://www.politicsweb.co.za/documents/list-of-national-assembly-mps|work=www.politicsweb.co.za|accessdat...' 1549848 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dalitha Fiki Boshigo''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini na mwanachama wa zamani wa [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa la Afrika Kusini kupitia chama cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC). Alichaguliwa katika uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 2009 kuwakilisha eneo [[bunge]] la Limpopo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=List of national assembly MPs - DOCUMENTS {{!}} Politicsweb|url=https://www.politicsweb.co.za/documents/list-of-national-assembly-mps|work=www.politicsweb.co.za|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en}}</ref> Wakati wa utumishi wake bungeni, alihudumu kwenye Kamati ya Wizara ya Utawala wa Ushirikiano na Masuala ya Kijadi pamoja na Kamati Maalum ya Usimamizi wa Pamoja wa Utoaji wa Huduma. Boshigo hakugombea tena nafasi hiyo katika [[uchaguzi]] mkuu wa mwaka 2014.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dalitha Fiki Boshigo|url=http://www.pa.org.za/person/dalitha-fiki-boshigo/|work=People's Assembly|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Contact us People's Assembly Tel:465 8885 Fax:465 8887 2nd Floor 9 Church Square Parliament Street Cape Town 8001 South Africa}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] p1gcq07uxpw75s9zh89t5aro12qlvax 1549879 1549848 2026-05-24T15:49:38Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1549879 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dalitha Fiki Boshigo''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini na mwanachama wa zamani wa [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa la Afrika Kusini kupitia chama cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC). Alichaguliwa katika uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 2009 kuwakilisha eneo [[bunge]] la Limpopo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=List of national assembly MPs - DOCUMENTS {{!}} Politicsweb|url=https://www.politicsweb.co.za/documents/list-of-national-assembly-mps|work=www.politicsweb.co.za|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en}}</ref> Wakati wa utumishi wake bungeni, alihudumu kwenye Kamati ya Wizara ya Utawala wa Ushirikiano na Masuala ya Kijadi pamoja na Kamati Maalum ya Usimamizi wa Pamoja wa Utoaji wa Huduma. Boshigo hakugombea tena nafasi hiyo katika [[uchaguzi]] mkuu wa mwaka 2014.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Dalitha Fiki Boshigo|url=http://www.pa.org.za/person/dalitha-fiki-boshigo/|work=People's Assembly|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Contact us People's Assembly Tel:465 8885 Fax:465 8887 2nd Floor 9 Church Square Parliament Street Cape Town 8001 South Africa}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] b0a6002se2p0n57fo05v4i7f3ywtmbr Bukeka Bodoza 0 238407 1549849 2026-05-24T15:08:29Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bukeka Bodoza''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini ambaye ni mbunge wa muhula wa kwanza katika [[Bunge]] la Mkoa wa Eastern Cape kupitia chama cha ''Economic Freedom Fighters'' (EFF). Alichaguliwa katika nafasi hiyo kupitia [[uchaguzi]] wa mkoa wa mwaka 2024.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dozens of new MPLs in revised 72-member Bhisho legislature|url=https://www.dailydispatch.co.za/politics/2024-06-12-dozens-of-new-mpls-in-revised-72-member-bhisho-legislature/|...' 1549849 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bukeka Bodoza''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini ambaye ni mbunge wa muhula wa kwanza katika [[Bunge]] la Mkoa wa Eastern Cape kupitia chama cha ''Economic Freedom Fighters'' (EFF). Alichaguliwa katika nafasi hiyo kupitia [[uchaguzi]] wa mkoa wa mwaka 2024.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dozens of new MPLs in revised 72-member Bhisho legislature|url=https://www.dailydispatch.co.za/politics/2024-06-12-dozens-of-new-mpls-in-revised-72-member-bhisho-legislature/|work=Daily Dispatch|date=2024-06-12|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] ngdjvygkav0nuofnm07tekxr7vksgiw Mohammad Yeganeh 0 238408 1549850 2026-05-24T15:09:25Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mohammed Yeganeh''' (5 Mei 1923 – 18 Desemba 1995) alikuwa mwanauchumi wa [[Irani|Iran]] ambaye alihudumu kama Gavana wa [[Benki Kuu ya Iran]] kuanzia mwaka 1973 hadi 1975. Yeganeh alisoma katika Chuo Kikuu cha Tehran kuanzia mwaka 1942 hadi 1946 ambapo alitunukiwa Shahada ya Uzamili katika Sheria na Shahada ya Uzamili katika Uchumi, na baadaye alijiunga na [[Chuo Kikuu cha Columbia]] kuanzia mwaka 1947 hadi 1951 na kutunukiwa Shahada ya Uzamili (MA)...' 1549850 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohammed Yeganeh''' (5 Mei 1923 – 18 Desemba 1995) alikuwa mwanauchumi wa [[Irani|Iran]] ambaye alihudumu kama Gavana wa [[Benki Kuu ya Iran]] kuanzia mwaka 1973 hadi 1975. Yeganeh alisoma katika Chuo Kikuu cha Tehran kuanzia mwaka 1942 hadi 1946 ambapo alitunukiwa Shahada ya Uzamili katika Sheria na Shahada ya Uzamili katika Uchumi, na baadaye alijiunga na [[Chuo Kikuu cha Columbia]] kuanzia mwaka 1947 hadi 1951 na kutunukiwa Shahada ya Uzamili (MA) ya uchumi. Alisomea na kuandika tasnifu yake kuhusu 'Sera za kibiashara na biashara ya kigeni ya Iran'.<ref>[http://clio.cul.columbia.edu:7018/vwebv/holdingsInfo?searchId=1216&recPointer=0&recCount=10&searchType=7 Columbia University]</ref> Baadaye alifanya kazi katika Umoja wa Mataifa ([[shirika la UN]]) kama afisa wa masuala ya kiuchumi.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pTVSPmyvtkAC&pg=PA324|title=The Life and Times of the Shah|isbn=9780520942165|last1=Afkhami|first1=Gholam Reza|year=2009|publisher=University of California Press }}</ref> Alipokuwa Umoja wa Mataifa, Yeganeh alifanya kazi chini ya [[Charles Issawi]], ambaye kwa ushirikiano naye walitunga kitabu kiitwacho ''The Economics of Middle Eastern Oil'' mnamo mwaka 1962. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1923|1995}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] 48rpzzmt9b3g7rnpwxjpvky395nsq2f Brian Blose 0 238409 1549851 2026-05-24T15:11:11Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mazwikayise Brian Blose''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini na Mbunge wa [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa kupitia chama cha ''Economic Freedom Fighters'' (EFF). Alichaguliwa kuingia bungeni katika uchaguzi mkuu wa [[Afrika]] Kusini wa mwaka 2024 akiwakilisha orodha ya mkoa ya KwaZulu-Natal.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mazwikayise Brian Blose|url=http://www.pa.org.za/person/mazwikayise-brian-blose/|work=People's Assembly|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Contact u...' 1549851 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mazwikayise Brian Blose''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini na Mbunge wa [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa kupitia chama cha ''Economic Freedom Fighters'' (EFF). Alichaguliwa kuingia bungeni katika uchaguzi mkuu wa [[Afrika]] Kusini wa mwaka 2024 akiwakilisha orodha ya mkoa ya KwaZulu-Natal.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mazwikayise Brian Blose|url=http://www.pa.org.za/person/mazwikayise-brian-blose/|work=People's Assembly|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Contact us People's Assembly Tel:465 8885 Fax:465 8887 2nd Floor 9 Church Square Parliament Street Cape Town 8001 South Africa}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] l3q7f17gvuo1rlvy8k7v0fu6dyau6ff Tonton David 0 238410 1549852 2026-05-24T15:12:44Z Said Mfaume 68307 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Tonton David | picha = Tonton-david.jpg | maelezo = Tonton David akitumbuiza mnamo mwaka 2006 | landscape = yes | background = solo_singer | jina la kuzaliwa = David Grammont | jina lingine = Ray David | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{birth date|1967|10|12|df=y}} | mahali pa kuzaliwa = [[Paris]], [[Ufaransa]] | tarehe ya kufa = {{Death date and age|2021|02|16|1967|10|12|...' 1549852 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Tonton David | picha = Tonton-david.jpg | maelezo = Tonton David akitumbuiza mnamo mwaka 2006 | landscape = yes | background = solo_singer | jina la kuzaliwa = David Grammont | jina lingine = Ray David | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{birth date|1967|10|12|df=y}} | mahali pa kuzaliwa = [[Paris]], [[Ufaransa]] | tarehe ya kufa = {{Death date and age|2021|02|16|1967|10|12|df=y}} | mahali pa kufa = [[Nancy, France|Nancy]], Ufaransa | ala = Sauti | aina = [[Reggae]], [[ragga|raggamuffin]], dub | kazi yake = Mwimbaji, mtunzi wa nyimbo | miaka ya kazi = 1988-2021 | studio = Virgin Records | ameshirikiana na = [[Cheb Mami]], [[Intouchable]], Papa Jube | tovuti = }} '''David Grammont''' (12 Oktoba 1967 – 16 Februari 2021),<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Hird |first=Allison |date=2021-02-17 |title=France's favourite uncle of reggae, Tonton David, dies age 53 |url=https://www.rfi.fr/en/culture/20210217-france-s-favourite-uncle-of-reggae-tonton-david-dies-age-53 |access-date=2023-04-15 |website=[[Radio_France_Internationale|RFI]] |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Binet |first=Stéphanie |date=2021-02-17 |title=Tonton David, le chanteur qui a fait rentrer le reggae dans la culture populaire française, est mort à 53 ans |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/disparitions/article/2021/02/17/tonton-david-le-chanteur-qui-a-fait-rentrer-le-reggae-dans-la-culture-populaire-francaise-est-mort-a-53-ans_6070212_3382.html/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210217012508/https://www.lemonde.fr/disparitions/article/2021/02/17/tonton-david-le-chanteur-qui-a-fait-rentrer-le-reggae-dans-la-culture-populaire-francaise-est-mort-a-53-ans_6070212_3382.html/ |archive-date=2021-02-17 |access-date=2023-04-15 |website=[[Le Monde.fr]] |language=fr-FR}}</ref> alifahamika zaidi kwa jina lake la kisanii kama '''Tonton David''', alikuwa mwimbaji wa [[reggae]] kutoka nchini [[Ufaransa]] aliyekuwa amezaliwa jijini [[Paris]]. Alikuwa maarufu kwa maonyesho yake ya miondoko ya [[ragga|raggamuffin]], lakini pia alitumia vionjo vya [[muziki wa soul]], [[gro kâ]] (kutoka visiwa vya Karibiani vya Ufaransa), na [[soukous|rumba]] ya Kizaire (Kikongo). == Maisha ya awali == Tonton David alikulia katika maisha ya misukosuko mingi katika vitongoji vya mji wa Paris. Aliondoka kwenye familia yao akiwa na umri wa miaka 14 na baadaye akapata mafanikio makubwa katika kazi ya muziki kupitia nyimbo zilizobeba mashairi yenye nguvu na ujumbe wa kisiasa.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rfimusique.com/sitefr/biographie/biographie_8857.asp |title=Tonton David |publisher=[[Radio France Internationale|RFI Musique]] |accessdate=7 June 2010 |language=french |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100610101424/http://www.rfimusique.com/sitefr/biographie/biographie_8857.asp |archivedate=10 June 2010 }}</ref> Mnamo mwaka 1990, Tonton David alipata fursa kubwa ya kung'ara baada ya kuonekana kwenye ripoti ya televisheni iliyohusu "[[Black Paris]]" (Paris ya Watu Weusi). Kufuatia onyesho hilo, alisainiwa na studio ya kurekodi ya Virgin. Muda mfupi baadaye, alirekodi wimbo wa "Peuples du monde", ambao ulijumuishwa kwenye albamu ya mseto ya muziki wa rap wa Kifaransa iliyoitwa ''Rapattitudes''. Albamu yake ya kwanza ya ''Le blues de la racaille'', iliyotoka tarehe 2 Desemba 1991, ilizungumzia matatizo mbalimbali ya kijamii kama vile ukosefu wa ajira, umaskini, na ubaguzi wa rangi, jambo lililomfanya kuwa sauti ya kizazi kizima cha vijana wa Kifaransa waliokuwa wamekata tamaa. Mnamo mwaka 1991, alitumbuiza mbele ya mashabiki wa muziki wapatao 12,000 kwenye tamasha la [[Fête des Kafs]] huko [[Saint-Denis, Réunion|Saint Denis]], Réunion, na mwaka 1992 alitumbuiza kwenye tamasha la Reggae Sunsplash mjini [[Kingston, Jamaika]]. Mnamo mwaka 1993, alitoa albamu yake ya pili iliyoitwa ''Allez leur dire'' iliyorekodiwa mjini [[Memphis, Tennessee]]. Wimbo wa "Sûr et certain" kutoka kwenye albamu hiyo ulitoka kama singo. Mwaka 1995 ulikuwa mwaka wa mafanikio yake makubwa zaidi hadi sasa kibiashara kufuatia kutoka kwa wimbo wa "Chacun sa route", ambao ulitumiwa kama kibwagizo cha filamu ya ''[[Un indien dans la ville]]''. Albamu yake ya tatu, ''Récidiviste'' (1995), ilijumuisha wimbo uliovuma wa "Pour tout le monde pareil" na pia alishirikiana na nyota wa muziki wa rai [[Cheb Mami]] katika wimbo wa "Fugitifs". Albamu yake ya nne, ''Faut qu'ça arrête'', ilikuwa na vionjo vingi vya [[muziki wa Haiti]], baada ya kushirikiana na mwanamuziki wa Haiti [[Papa Jube]]. Baada ya kupata ugonjwa wa [[kiharusi]] akiwa mjini [[Metz, Ufaransa]], kifo chake kilitangazwa siku mbili baadaye katika hospitali ya [[Nancy, France|Nancy]], mnamo tarehe 16 Februari 2021.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> == Kazi za Muziki == === Albamu === *1991: ''Le blues de la racaille'' *1994: ''Allez leur dire'' *1995: ''Récidiviste'' *1999: ''Faut qu'ça arrête'' *2002: ''Best Of'' (Albamu ya mseto) *2005: ''Babelou, la gagne'' *2006: ''Livret de famille'' *2006: ''Il marche seul'' *2009: ''Ma gouille'' === Nyimbo alizotoa kama singo === *1990: "Peuple du monde" (Nafasi ya 32 Ufaransa) *1994: "Chacun sa route" (akishirikiana na K.O.D.) *1994: "Sûr et certain" (Nafasi ya 9 Ufaransa) *1994: "Ma Number One" (Nafasi ya 17 Ufaransa) *1994: "Il marche seul" (Nafasi ya 29 Ufaransa) *1995: "Fugitif" (akishirikiana na [[Cheb Mami]]) (Nafasi ya 30 Ufaransa) ;Ameshirikishwa kwenye *2005: "La gagne" ([[Intouchable]] wakishirikiana na Tonton David) (Nafasi ya 40 Ufaransa) == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{BD|1967|2021}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Tonton David}} [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Ufaransa]] 04qa7z5dujw1dy7d08gj2tmxoonmg9o 1550042 1549852 2026-05-24T21:31:24Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1550042 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Tonton David | picha = Tonton-david.jpg | maelezo = Tonton David akitumbuiza mnamo mwaka 2006 | landscape = yes | background = solo_singer | jina la kuzaliwa = David Grammont | jina lingine = Ray David | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{birth date|1967|10|12|df=y}} | mahali pa kuzaliwa = [[Paris]], [[Ufaransa]] | tarehe ya kufa = {{Death date and age|2021|02|16|1967|10|12|df=y}} | mahali pa kufa = [[Nancy, France|Nancy]], Ufaransa | ala = Sauti | aina = [[Reggae]], [[ragga|raggamuffin]], dub | kazi yake = Mwimbaji, mtunzi wa nyimbo | miaka ya kazi = 1988-2021 | studio = Virgin Records | ameshirikiana na = [[Cheb Mami]], [[Intouchable]], Papa Jube | tovuti = }} '''David Grammont''' (12 Oktoba 1967 – 16 Februari 2021),<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Hird |first=Allison |date=2021-02-17 |title=France's favourite uncle of reggae, Tonton David, dies age 53 |url=https://www.rfi.fr/en/culture/20210217-france-s-favourite-uncle-of-reggae-tonton-david-dies-age-53 |access-date=2023-04-15 |website=[[Radio_France_Internationale|RFI]] |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Binet |first=Stéphanie |date=2021-02-17 |title=Tonton David, le chanteur qui a fait rentrer le reggae dans la culture populaire française, est mort à 53 ans |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/disparitions/article/2021/02/17/tonton-david-le-chanteur-qui-a-fait-rentrer-le-reggae-dans-la-culture-populaire-francaise-est-mort-a-53-ans_6070212_3382.html/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210217012508/https://www.lemonde.fr/disparitions/article/2021/02/17/tonton-david-le-chanteur-qui-a-fait-rentrer-le-reggae-dans-la-culture-populaire-francaise-est-mort-a-53-ans_6070212_3382.html/ |archive-date=2021-02-17 |access-date=2023-04-15 |website=[[Le Monde.fr]] |language=fr-FR}}</ref> alifahamika zaidi kwa jina lake la kisanii kama '''Tonton David''', alikuwa mwimbaji wa [[reggae]] kutoka nchini [[Ufaransa]] aliyekuwa amezaliwa jijini [[Paris]]. Alikuwa maarufu kwa maonyesho yake ya miondoko ya [[ragga|raggamuffin]], lakini pia alitumia vionjo vya [[muziki wa soul]], [[gro kâ]] (kutoka visiwa vya Karibiani vya Ufaransa), na [[soukous|rumba]] ya Kizaire (Kikongo). == Maisha ya awali == Tonton David alikulia katika maisha ya misukosuko mingi katika vitongoji vya mji wa Paris. Aliondoka kwenye familia yao akiwa na umri wa miaka 14 na baadaye akapata mafanikio makubwa katika kazi ya muziki kupitia nyimbo zilizobeba mashairi yenye nguvu na ujumbe wa kisiasa.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rfimusique.com/sitefr/biographie/biographie_8857.asp |title=Tonton David |publisher=[[Radio France Internationale|RFI Musique]] |accessdate=7 June 2010 |language=french |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100610101424/http://www.rfimusique.com/sitefr/biographie/biographie_8857.asp |archivedate=10 June 2010 }}</ref> Mnamo mwaka 1990, Tonton David alipata fursa kubwa ya kung'ara baada ya kuonekana kwenye ripoti ya televisheni iliyohusu "[[Black Paris]]" (Paris ya Watu Weusi). Kufuatia onyesho hilo, alisainiwa na studio ya kurekodi ya Virgin. Muda mfupi baadaye, alirekodi wimbo wa "Peuples du monde", ambao ulijumuishwa kwenye albamu ya mseto ya muziki wa rap wa Kifaransa iliyoitwa ''Rapattitudes''. Albamu yake ya kwanza ya ''Le blues de la racaille'', iliyotoka tarehe 2 Desemba 1991, ilizungumzia matatizo mbalimbali ya kijamii kama vile ukosefu wa ajira, umaskini, na ubaguzi wa rangi, jambo lililomfanya kuwa sauti ya kizazi kizima cha vijana wa Kifaransa waliokuwa wamekata tamaa. Mnamo mwaka 1991, alitumbuiza mbele ya mashabiki wa muziki wapatao 12,000 kwenye tamasha la [[Fête des Kafs]] huko [[Saint-Denis, Réunion|Saint Denis]], Réunion, na mwaka 1992 alitumbuiza kwenye tamasha la Reggae Sunsplash mjini [[Kingston, Jamaika]]. Mnamo mwaka 1993, alitoa albamu yake ya pili iliyoitwa ''Allez leur dire'' iliyorekodiwa mjini [[Memphis, Tennessee]]. Wimbo wa "Sûr et certain" kutoka kwenye albamu hiyo ulitoka kama singo. Mwaka 1995 ulikuwa mwaka wa mafanikio yake makubwa zaidi hadi sasa kibiashara kufuatia kutoka kwa wimbo wa "Chacun sa route", ambao ulitumiwa kama kibwagizo cha filamu ya ''[[Un indien dans la ville]]''. Albamu yake ya tatu, ''Récidiviste'' (1995), ilijumuisha wimbo uliovuma wa "Pour tout le monde pareil" na pia alishirikiana na nyota wa muziki wa rai [[Cheb Mami]] katika wimbo wa "Fugitifs". Albamu yake ya nne, ''Faut qu'ça arrête'', ilikuwa na vionjo vingi vya [[muziki wa Haiti]], baada ya kushirikiana na mwanamuziki wa Haiti [[Papa Jube]]. Baada ya kupata ugonjwa wa [[kiharusi]] akiwa mjini [[Metz, Ufaransa]], kifo chake kilitangazwa siku mbili baadaye katika hospitali ya [[Nancy, France|Nancy]], mnamo tarehe 16 Februari 2021.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> == Kazi za Muziki == === Albamu === *1991: ''Le blues de la racaille'' *1994: ''Allez leur dire'' *1995: ''Récidiviste'' *1999: ''Faut qu'ça arrête'' *2002: ''Best Of'' (Albamu ya mseto) *2005: ''Babelou, la gagne'' *2006: ''Livret de famille'' *2006: ''Il marche seul'' *2009: ''Ma gouille'' === Nyimbo alizotoa kama singo === *1990: "Peuple du monde" (Nafasi ya 32 Ufaransa) *1994: "Chacun sa route" (akishirikiana na K.O.D.) *1994: "Sûr et certain" (Nafasi ya 9 Ufaransa) *1994: "Ma Number One" (Nafasi ya 17 Ufaransa) *1994: "Il marche seul" (Nafasi ya 29 Ufaransa) *1995: "Fugitif" (akishirikiana na [[Cheb Mami]]) (Nafasi ya 30 Ufaransa) ;Ameshirikishwa kwenye *2005: "La gagne" ([[Intouchable]] wakishirikiana na Tonton David) (Nafasi ya 40 Ufaransa) == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{BD|1967|2021}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Tonton David}} [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Ufaransa]] be0gpj00sgpsu443cycf1hc5uk1xvp1 Annie Hunter 0 238411 1549854 2026-05-24T15:13:43Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Annie G. Hunter''' ([[1860]] – [[1927]]) alikuwa msanii na [[mchoraji]] picha nchini [[Uingereza]], aliyejulikana zaidi kwa michoro yake ya kuzalisha tena ya makaburi ya [[Maya]] ya awali. Mwishoni mwa miaka ya [[1890]], Hunter aliagizwa na mwanasayansi [[Alfred Maudslay]] kutoa michoro na vielelezo vya rangi ya maji vya makaburi ya Maya. Kazi yake ilitoa msingi muhimu kwa utafiti wa Maya na maandishi katika karne ya 20. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {...' 1549854 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Annie G. Hunter''' ([[1860]] – [[1927]]) alikuwa msanii na [[mchoraji]] picha nchini [[Uingereza]], aliyejulikana zaidi kwa michoro yake ya kuzalisha tena ya makaburi ya [[Maya]] ya awali. Mwishoni mwa miaka ya [[1890]], Hunter aliagizwa na mwanasayansi [[Alfred Maudslay]] kutoa michoro na vielelezo vya rangi ya maji vya makaburi ya Maya. Kazi yake ilitoa msingi muhimu kwa utafiti wa Maya na maandishi katika karne ya 20. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1860]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1927]] shdqmvh14sct3rm2j8y0njdcms7gz1p Abe Bloomberg 0 238412 1549856 2026-05-24T15:15:08Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Abe Bloomberg''' (14 Machi 1904 - 27 Julai 1990) alikuwa [[mwanasheria]] na mwanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini. Alihudumu kama Meya wa Cape Town kuanzia mwaka 1945 hadi 1947, na alikuwa mwanachama wa chama cha ''United Party'' akiwakilisha eneo [[bunge]] la Cape Town Castle. Kipindi chake kama meya kilienda sambamba na ziara ya kifalme ya Mfalme George VI nchini Afrika Kusini akiwa na mke na binti zake mnamo mwaka 1947. Alikuwa mtu wa karibu na siri wa Jan Sm...' 1549856 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abe Bloomberg''' (14 Machi 1904 - 27 Julai 1990) alikuwa [[mwanasheria]] na mwanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini. Alihudumu kama Meya wa Cape Town kuanzia mwaka 1945 hadi 1947, na alikuwa mwanachama wa chama cha ''United Party'' akiwakilisha eneo [[bunge]] la Cape Town Castle. Kipindi chake kama meya kilienda sambamba na ziara ya kifalme ya Mfalme George VI nchini Afrika Kusini akiwa na mke na binti zake mnamo mwaka 1947. Alikuwa mtu wa karibu na siri wa Jan Smuts na baba mzazi wa [[marehemu]] David Bloomberg, ambaye pia alikuja kuhudumu kama meya wa Cape Town kuanzia mwaka 1973 hadi 1975. Kama mwanasheria, alikuwa sehemu ya jopo la kisheria lililohusika katika mgogoro wa kikatiba wa kura za watu wenye asili ya mchanganyiko (''Coloured vote constitutional crisis''). Katika Mahakama Kuu ya Afrika Kusini, alipinga uamuzi wa serikali wa kuwaondoa watu wa asili ya mchanganyiko kwenye daftari la wapiga kura.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Abe_Bloomberg|title=Around and About: Memoirs of a South African Newspaperman|last=Green|first=Michael|date=2004|publisher=David Philip|isbn=978-0-86486-660-8|location=Cape Town}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1904]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1990]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] efsxdkhjixkwsnpp6dtgiuq6y0bbwgn Robert Taylor Pritchett 0 238413 1549858 2026-05-24T15:17:27Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Robert Taylor Pritchett''' ([[Februari 24]], [[1828]] – [[Juni 16]], [[1907]]) alikuwa mtengenezaji wa bunduki, [[msanii]] na [[mchoraji]] picha wa [[Uingereza]]. Kama msanii alichora sherehe za kifalme kwa [[Malkia Victoria]], na alionyesha mwongozo wa [[Charles Darwin]] wa ''The Voyage of the Beagle''.<ref name=dnb12>{{cite DNB12|first=Basil Somerset|last=Long|wstitle=Pritchett, Robert Taylor|volume=3|pages=138–139}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist...' 1549858 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Robert Taylor Pritchett''' ([[Februari 24]], [[1828]] – [[Juni 16]], [[1907]]) alikuwa mtengenezaji wa bunduki, [[msanii]] na [[mchoraji]] picha wa [[Uingereza]]. Kama msanii alichora sherehe za kifalme kwa [[Malkia Victoria]], na alionyesha mwongozo wa [[Charles Darwin]] wa ''The Voyage of the Beagle''.<ref name=dnb12>{{cite DNB12|first=Basil Somerset|last=Long|wstitle=Pritchett, Robert Taylor|volume=3|pages=138–139}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1828]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1907]] szhlk2xws5v5iw33b1dk3r89zfgo5s0 Kate Bilankulu 0 238414 1549859 2026-05-24T15:18:45Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Nkhensani Kate Bilankulu''' (alizaliwa 14 Februari 1966) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini kutoka mkoa wa Limpopo. Amekuwa [[mbunge]] katika Bunge la Kitaifa la Afrika Kusini tangu mwezi Mei 2019. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC). == Kazi ya Kibunge == Bilankulu aliwekwa katika nafasi ya kwanza kwenye orodha ya kikanda ya Limpopo ya chama cha ANC kwa ajili ya uchaguzi wa kitaifa na wa mikoa wa tarehe 8 Mei 2019. Baad...' 1549859 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nkhensani Kate Bilankulu''' (alizaliwa 14 Februari 1966) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini kutoka mkoa wa Limpopo. Amekuwa [[mbunge]] katika Bunge la Kitaifa la Afrika Kusini tangu mwezi Mei 2019. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC). == Kazi ya Kibunge == Bilankulu aliwekwa katika nafasi ya kwanza kwenye orodha ya kikanda ya Limpopo ya chama cha ANC kwa ajili ya uchaguzi wa kitaifa na wa mikoa wa tarehe 8 Mei 2019. Baada ya uchaguzi huo, alitunukiwa kiti katika Bunge la Kitaifa na kuapishwa katika Bunge la 6 mnamo tarehe 22 Mei. Mnamo tarehe 29 Juni 2019, aliteuliwa kuwa mwanachama wa Kamati ya [[Wizara]] ya Maendeleo ya Jamii. Tarehe 12 Julai 2019, alichaguliwa kuwa mwenyekiti wa Kamati ya Vyama Vingi ya Wanawake (Multi-Party Women's Caucus).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wayback Machine|url=https://www.aprav.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/List-of-members-of-all-the-Portfolio-Committees-for-the-6th-Parliament-published-27-June-2019.pdf|work=www.aprav.co.za|accessdate=2026-05-24}}</ref> Pia, yeye ni naibu mwenyekiti wa Umoja wa [[Wanawake]] wa ANC (ANC Women's League). Bilankulu alichaguliwa tena kwa muhula wa pili katika uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 2024.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The 400 MPs elected to the National Assembly - IEC - DOCUMENTS {{!}} Politicsweb|url=https://www.politicsweb.co.za/documents/the-400-mps-elected-to-the-national-assembly--iec|work=www.politicsweb.co.za|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1966]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] s8hl4vab4w2vmy5mk76hfy2ai3ha15d 1549926 1549859 2026-05-24T17:24:58Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1549926 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nkhensani Kate Bilankulu''' (alizaliwa 14 Februari 1966) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini kutoka mkoa wa Limpopo. Amekuwa [[mbunge]] katika Bunge la Kitaifa la Afrika Kusini tangu mwezi Mei 2019. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC). == Kazi ya Kibunge == Bilankulu aliwekwa katika nafasi ya kwanza kwenye orodha ya kikanda ya Limpopo ya chama cha ANC kwa ajili ya uchaguzi wa kitaifa na wa mikoa wa tarehe 8 Mei 2019. Baada ya uchaguzi huo, alitunukiwa kiti katika Bunge la Kitaifa na kuapishwa katika Bunge la 6 mnamo tarehe 22 Mei. Mnamo tarehe 29 Juni 2019, aliteuliwa kuwa mwanachama wa Kamati ya [[Wizara]] ya Maendeleo ya Jamii. Tarehe 12 Julai 2019, alichaguliwa kuwa mwenyekiti wa Kamati ya Vyama Vingi ya Wanawake (Multi-Party Women's Caucus).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Wayback Machine|url=https://www.aprav.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/List-of-members-of-all-the-Portfolio-Committees-for-the-6th-Parliament-published-27-June-2019.pdf|work=www.aprav.co.za|accessdate=2026-05-24}}</ref> Pia, yeye ni naibu mwenyekiti wa Umoja wa [[Wanawake]] wa ANC (ANC Women's League). Bilankulu alichaguliwa tena kwa muhula wa pili katika uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 2024.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=The 400 MPs elected to the National Assembly - IEC - DOCUMENTS {{!}} Politicsweb|url=https://www.politicsweb.co.za/documents/the-400-mps-elected-to-the-national-assembly--iec|work=www.politicsweb.co.za|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1966]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] f3eo638x4ggdhgztl23f6akxo7sph1n John Bilankulu 0 238415 1549860 2026-05-24T15:22:11Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''John Hlengani Bilankulu''' (alizaliwa 19 Februari 1966) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini kutoka mkoa wa Limpopo aliyehudumu kama Mbunge wa Bunge la Kitaifa la Afrika Kusini kuanzia Mei 2019 hadi Mei 2024. Bilankulu ni mwanachama wa chama cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC). == Kazi ya Kibunge == Bilankulu aliwekwa katika nafasi ya tano kwenye orodha ya kikanda ya Limpopo ya chama cha ANC kwa ajili ya [[uchaguzi]] wa kitaifa na wa mikoa wa tarehe...' 1549860 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Hlengani Bilankulu''' (alizaliwa 19 Februari 1966) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini kutoka mkoa wa Limpopo aliyehudumu kama Mbunge wa Bunge la Kitaifa la Afrika Kusini kuanzia Mei 2019 hadi Mei 2024. Bilankulu ni mwanachama wa chama cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC). == Kazi ya Kibunge == Bilankulu aliwekwa katika nafasi ya tano kwenye orodha ya kikanda ya Limpopo ya chama cha ANC kwa ajili ya [[uchaguzi]] wa kitaifa na wa mikoa wa tarehe 8 Mei 2019. Baada ya uchaguzi huo, alitunukiwa kiti katika Bunge la Kitaifa na kuapishwa katika Bunge la 6 mnamo tarehe 22 Mei.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Parliament's first sitting scheduled for May 22|url=https://iol.co.za/news/politics/2019-05-13-parliaments-first-sitting-scheduled-for-may-22/|work=IOL|date=2215-09-02|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Zintle Mahlati}}</ref> Mnamo Juni 2019, Bilankulu aliteuliwa kuwa mwanachama wa Kamati ya Wizara ya Rasilimali za Madini na Nishati. Pia, alihudumu kama mwanachama mbadala kwenye Kamati ya Wizara ya Usafirishaji. Bilankulu hakujumuishwa kwenye orodha yoyote ya wagombea wa ANC kwa ajili ya [[uchaguzi]] mkuu wa mwaka 2024, na kwa sababu hiyo aliondoka bungeni baada ya muhula wake kuisha.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The 400 MPs elected to the National Assembly - IEC - DOCUMENTS {{!}} Politicsweb|url=https://www.politicsweb.co.za/documents/the-400-mps-elected-to-the-national-assembly--iec|work=www.politicsweb.co.za|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1966]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] riu0vl9r7154bx4y5ru2rkiu1cksx4b 1549915 1549860 2026-05-24T17:10:09Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1549915 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Hlengani Bilankulu''' (alizaliwa 19 Februari 1966) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini kutoka mkoa wa Limpopo aliyehudumu kama Mbunge wa Bunge la Kitaifa la Afrika Kusini kuanzia Mei 2019 hadi Mei 2024. Bilankulu ni mwanachama wa chama cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC). == Kazi ya Kibunge == Bilankulu aliwekwa katika nafasi ya tano kwenye orodha ya kikanda ya Limpopo ya chama cha ANC kwa ajili ya [[uchaguzi]] wa kitaifa na wa mikoa wa tarehe 8 Mei 2019. Baada ya uchaguzi huo, alitunukiwa kiti katika Bunge la Kitaifa na kuapishwa katika Bunge la 6 mnamo tarehe 22 Mei.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Parliament's first sitting scheduled for May 22|url=https://iol.co.za/news/politics/2019-05-13-parliaments-first-sitting-scheduled-for-may-22/|work=IOL|date=2215-09-02|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Zintle Mahlati}}</ref> Mnamo Juni 2019, Bilankulu aliteuliwa kuwa mwanachama wa Kamati ya Wizara ya Rasilimali za Madini na Nishati. Pia, alihudumu kama mwanachama mbadala kwenye Kamati ya Wizara ya Usafirishaji. Bilankulu hakujumuishwa kwenye orodha yoyote ya wagombea wa ANC kwa ajili ya [[uchaguzi]] mkuu wa mwaka 2024, na kwa sababu hiyo aliondoka bungeni baada ya muhula wake kuisha.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=The 400 MPs elected to the National Assembly - IEC - DOCUMENTS {{!}} Politicsweb|url=https://www.politicsweb.co.za/documents/the-400-mps-elected-to-the-national-assembly--iec|work=www.politicsweb.co.za|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1966]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] m6civ5smx3bmlm5l7rvmwap2dw0pame Melton Prior 0 238416 1549861 2026-05-24T15:25:15Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Melton Prior''' ([[Septemba 12]], [[1845]] – [[Novemba 2]], [[1910]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] na [[mwandishi wa habari]] za vita nchini [[Uingereza]] wa ''The Illustrated London News'' kuanzia miaka ya [[1870]] hadi [[1904]]. Prior alikuwa mmoja wa [[wachoraji]] wakuu wa mwishoni mwa utawala wa Victoria Uingereza.<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Prior, Melton|magazine=Who's Who|year=1907|volume= 59|pages=1434–1435|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yEcuAAAA...' 1549861 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Melton Prior''' ([[Septemba 12]], [[1845]] – [[Novemba 2]], [[1910]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] na [[mwandishi wa habari]] za vita nchini [[Uingereza]] wa ''The Illustrated London News'' kuanzia miaka ya [[1870]] hadi [[1904]]. Prior alikuwa mmoja wa [[wachoraji]] wakuu wa mwishoni mwa utawala wa Victoria Uingereza.<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Prior, Melton|magazine=Who's Who|year=1907|volume= 59|pages=1434–1435|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yEcuAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA1434}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa habari]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1845]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1910]] gwfgl8vo4acj3em9s0rmwifdqr8e38j Fezile Bhengu 0 238417 1549863 2026-05-24T15:26:08Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Fezile Bhengu''' (alizaliwa 6 Agosti 1954) ni aliyekuwa Naibu [[Waziri]] wa Ulinzi wa [[Afrika]] Kusini hadi tarehe 11 Mei 2009, ambapo nafasi yake ilichukuliwa na Thabang Makwetla.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Fezile Bhengu|url=http://www.pa.org.za/person/fezile-bhengu/|work=People's Assembly|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Contact us People's Assembly Tel:465 8885 Fax:465 8887 2nd Floor 9 Church Square Parliament Street Cape Town 8001 South Africa}}<...' 1549863 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fezile Bhengu''' (alizaliwa 6 Agosti 1954) ni aliyekuwa Naibu [[Waziri]] wa Ulinzi wa [[Afrika]] Kusini hadi tarehe 11 Mei 2009, ambapo nafasi yake ilichukuliwa na Thabang Makwetla.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Fezile Bhengu|url=http://www.pa.org.za/person/fezile-bhengu/|work=People's Assembly|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Contact us People's Assembly Tel:465 8885 Fax:465 8887 2nd Floor 9 Church Square Parliament Street Cape Town 8001 South Africa}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1954]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] f4o7jknj792hv3wxbsh6faozzjy7ya5 1549892 1549863 2026-05-24T16:20:12Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549892 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fezile Bhengu''' (alizaliwa 6 Agosti 1954) ni aliyekuwa Naibu [[Waziri]] wa Ulinzi wa [[Afrika]] Kusini hadi tarehe 11 Mei 2009, ambapo nafasi yake ilichukuliwa na Thabang Makwetla.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Fezile Bhengu|url=http://www.pa.org.za/person/fezile-bhengu/|work=People's Assembly|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Contact us People's Assembly Tel:465 8885 Fax:465 8887 2nd Floor 9 Church Square Parliament Street Cape Town 8001 South Africa}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1954]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] h90trh5x1lc8ileslbdz7w6j819iiez Aswad 0 238418 1549864 2026-05-24T15:26:54Z Said Mfaume 68307 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Aswad | picha = Aswad.jpg | maelezo = Aswad mnamo mwaka 2002 | landscape = yes | background = group_or_band | jina la kuzaliwa = | jina lingine = | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = | mahali pa kuzaliwa = [[London]], Uingereza | tarehe ya kufa = | mahali pa kufa = | ala = Sauti, ngoma, gitaa la besi, vinanda | aina = [[Reggae]], reggae fus...' 1549864 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Aswad | picha = Aswad.jpg | maelezo = Aswad mnamo mwaka 2002 | landscape = yes | background = group_or_band | jina la kuzaliwa = | jina lingine = | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = | mahali pa kuzaliwa = [[London]], Uingereza | tarehe ya kufa = | mahali pa kufa = | ala = Sauti, ngoma, gitaa la besi, vinanda | aina = [[Reggae]], [[reggae fusion]], [[Contemporary R&B|R&B ya sasa]], [[muziki wa soul|soul]] | miaka ya kazi = 1975–sasa | studio = [[Island Records|Island]], Grove, [[Sony Music|CBS (UK)]], Simba Mesa, [[Ark 21 Records|Ark 21]], PROTV | ameshirikiana na = [[Burning Spear]], [[Sting (mwanamuziki)|Sting]], [[Cliff Richard]], [[Dennis Brown]] | tovuti = {{Official website|https://officialaswad.co.uk/}} | wanachama wa sasa = Tony "Gad" Robinson | wanachama wa zamani = * [[Brinsley Forde]] * [[Drummie Zeb|Angus "Drummie Zeb" Gaye]] (marehemu) * Donald Griffiths * Courtney Hemmings * George Oban }} '''Aswad''' ni kundi la muziki wa [[reggae]] kutoka nchini [[Uingereza]], linalojulikana zaidi kwa kuingiza vionjo vya [[Contemporary R&B|R&B ya sasa]] na [[muziki wa soul|soul]] ndani ya miondoko yao ya reggae.<ref>{{cite news|title= Reggae—brit Style|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=14 July 1985|url= https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1985-07-14-ca-6321-story.html|access-date=30 December 2010|first=Don|last=Snowden}}</ref> Wamekuwa wakitumbuiza tangu katikati ya miaka ya 1970 na wametoa albamu 21 katika historia yao. Nyimbo zao zilizovuma sana kwenye chati za muziki za Uingereza (UK Singles Chart) ni pamoja na ule ulioshika nafasi ya kwanza wa "[[Don't Turn Around]]" (1988) na "[[Shine (wimbo wa Aswad)|Shine]]" (1994). Neno "Aswad" linatokana na [[Lugha ya Kiarabu|Kiarabu]] lenye maana ya "[[nyeusi]]". Kundi hili limeteuliwa mara tatu katika Tuzo za [[Grammy Award|Grammy]].<ref>{{Cite web |first= |title=Aswad |url=https://www.grammy.com/artists/aswad/8285 |access-date=6 March 2022 |website=www.grammy.com}}</ref> == Historia == Wanachama wa Aswad ni Waingereza wenye asili ya wahamiaji kutoka visiwa vya [[Karibi]]. Walisoma katika shule za John Kelly na [[Holland Park School]]. Aswad iliasisiwa mnamo mwaka 1975 katika eneo la [[Ladbroke Grove]] magharibi mwa jiji la [[London]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thetimes.com/article/drummie-zeb-obituary-vm7wgvkph|title=Drummie Zeb obituary|archive-url=https://archive.today/20220905033049/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/drummie-zeb-obituary-vm7wgvkph|archive-date=5 September 2022|url-status=live|work=[[The Times]]|date=5 September 2022|access-date=5 September 2022}}</ref> Wanachama waanzilishi wa Aswad walikuwa mwimbaji na mpiga gitaa [[Brinsley Forde|Brinsley "Chaka B" Forde]], mpiga ngoma na mwimbaji [[Drummie Zeb|Angus "Drummie Zeb" Gaye]], mpiga gitaa mkuu Donald "Dee" Griffiths, mpiga besi George "Ras" Oban, na mpiga vinanda Courtney "Khaki" Hemmings.<ref name="Moskowitz">{{cite book|author=Moskowitz, David V.|year=2006|title=Caribbean Popular Music: an Encyclopedia of Reggae, Mento, Ska, Rock Steady, and Dancehall|publisher=Greenwood Press|page=16|ISBN=0-313-33158-8}}</ref> Aswad walikuwa bendi ya wasindikizaji katika albamu ya jukwaani ya [[Burning Spear]] ya mwaka 1977 iliyoitwa ''[[Live (albamu ya Burning Spear)|Live]]'', iliyorekodiwa katika ukumbi wa Rainbow Theatre jijini London. Wasanii wengine walioshiriki ni pamoja na [[Vin Gordon]] na [[Karl Pitterson]].<ref name="Larkin">{{cite book|author=Larkin, Colin|year=1998|title=The Virgin Encyclopedia of Reggae|publisher=Virgin Books|ISBN=0-7535-0242-9}}</ref> Hapo awali, bendi hiyo ilitengeneza muziki wa miondoko ya [[roots reggae]], ambapo wanachama walichangia utunzi wa nyimbo mmoja mmoja huku Forde akiwa mtunzi mkuu. Hata hivyo, muundo wa bendi ulianza kubadilika haraka. Muda mfupi baada ya kutoa albamu yao ya kwanza iliyobeba jina la kundi mwaka 1976, Hemmings aliondoka na nafasi yake kuchukuliwa na Tony "Gad" Robinson. Hii ilikuwa mara ya pekee katika historia ya bendi ambapo mwanachama anayeondoka alitafutiwa mbadala rasmi rasmi. Kundi lilitoa albamu yao ya pili ya studio, ''Hulet'', mnamo 1978, kabla ya George Oban (ambaye baadaye alipigia bendi za [[Burning Spear]] na [[African Headcharge]]) kuondoka mnamo 1979. Baada ya Oban kuondoka, Robinson alichukua jukumu la upigaji besi huku akiendelea na vinanda. Mwaka uliofuata Griffiths naye aliondoka, na kumwacha Forde kama mpiga gitaa pekee wa kundi.<ref name="Moskowitz"/> Katika kipindi hiki cha mapema, Aswad walikuwa tofauti sana na bendi za reggae za Jamaika kwa sababu walitunga nyimbo zilizogusa moja kwa moja maisha na misukosuko ya vijana weusi wanaokua nchini Uingereza;<ref name="Moskowitz"/> nyimbo kama "Three Babylon", "It's Not Our Wish", "Natural Progression", "Ghetto in the Sky", pamoja na wimbo wa ala wenye vionjo vikali vya [[jazz]] uitwao "Warrior Charge", ambao bado unapigwa sana na mifumo ya sauti za roots reggae duniani kote. Bendi iliendelea kutengeneza muziki wa roots reggae na dub, na mnamo 1985 walitoa albamu ya ''[[Jah Shaka]] Meets Aswad in [[Addis Ababa]] Studio.'' Baada ya muundo wa kundi kutulia na kubaki kama utatu wa Forde, Gaye, na Robinson, Aswad ilianza kufuata mtindo wa reggae wa kibiashara zaidi, jambo lililowafanya wapate mashabiki wengi zaidi kupitia albamu ya ''New Chapter'' (1981). Walifuatisha mafanikio hayo kwa kutoa albamu ya dub ya mseto mzima wa albamu hiyo iliyoitwa ''[[A New Chapter of Dub]]'' chini ya utayarishaji wa Michael Reuben Campbell. Clifton "Bigga" Morrison kutoka bendi ya [[Prince Far I]] iitwayo The Arabs, alipiga besi kwenye baadhi ya nyimbo. Albamu ya ''Not Satisfied'' ilikuwa albamu ya roots-reggae ya London iliyotoka mnamo 1982. Mnamo Agosti 1983, Aswad walitumbuiza live katika bustani za Meanwhile Gardens siku ya Jumapili ya tamasha la [[Notting Hill Carnival]]; albamu iliyotokana na onyesho hilo, ''Live and Direct'', ni kumbukumbu safi ya tukio hilo ambapo walipiga dub live. Wimbo wao wa "Love Fire" ulipata umaarufu mkubwa baada ya kutumika kama mdundo wa nyuma ([[riddim]]) katika wimbo maarufu wa [[Dennis Brown]] uitwao "Promised Land". Miongoni mwa nyimbo kubwa za Aswad zilizovuma ni "[[Don't Turn Around]]", ulioshika namba 1 nchini Uingereza mwaka 1988,<ref name="British Hit Singles & Albums">{{cite book|first=David|last=Roberts|year=2006|title=British Hit Singles & Albums|edition=19th|publisher=Guinness World Records Limited|location=London|isbn=1-904994-10-5|page=32}}</ref> ambao hapo awali ulirekodiwa na [[Tina Turner]] kama wimbo wa upande wa pili (B-side) wa wimbo wake wa "[[Typical Male]]". Walifuatia na wimbo mwingine ulioshika nafasi ya 11 wa "Give a Little Love",<ref name="British Hit Singles & Albums"/> pamoja na toleo la reggae la wimbo wa "[[Best of My Love (wimbo wa Eagles)|Best of My Love]]" uliowahi kutengenezwa na bendi ya [[The Eagles]]. Mnamo 1989, walichangia wimbo wa "Set Them Free" kwenye albamu ya hisani ya [[Greenpeace]] iitwayo ''Rainbow Warriors''. Katika mwaka huo huo, walitumbuiza pamoja na [[Cliff Richard]] katika wimbo "Share a Dream" kwenye Uwanja wa [[Wembley Stadium|Wembley]] kama sehemu ya tamasha la *The Event* (16 na 17 Juni 1989). Wimbo wao uliofuata wa "[[Shine (wimbo wa Aswad)|Shine]]" ulitoka mwaka 1994 na ulivuma sana sehemu kubwa ya Ulaya. Wimbo mwingine wa kuvutia ulikuwa ni ule wa marudio wa mwaka 1998 wa wimbo wa bendi ya [[The Police]] uitwao "[[Invisible Sun]]", waliomshirikisha [[Sting (mwanamuziki)|Sting]]. Bendi hii pia inashikilia rekodi ya kipekee ya kuwa bendi iliyowahi kupiga muziki na kila mwanachama wa zamani wa kundi la kwanza la [[The Wailers (1963-1974 band)|The Wailers]]. Aswad wamefanya ziara nyingi duniani, wakitumbuiza maeneo mbalimbali kuanzia ukumbi wa [[Royal Albert Hall]] jijini London na tamasha la [[Reggae Sunsplash]] kule [[Montego Bay]], hadi matamasha ya Afrika Magharibi, [[Israel]], na Japan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.aswadband.com/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100303171956/http://www.aswadband.com/biography.html|url-status=usurped|title=Aswad Band &#124; Ads Company|archive-date=3 March 2010}}</ref> Aswad ilikumbana na mabadiliko ya kwanza ya wanachama baada ya miaka kumi na sita mnamo mwaka 1996, wakati Forde alipoondoka kwenye bendi kwa sababu za kiroho, na kumwacha Gaye kama mwanachama mwanzilishi pekee aliyebaki. Waliobaki waliamua kutotafuta mbadala, na hivyo Aswad ikawa kundi la watu wawili; Gaye na Robinson. Isipokuwa muungano wao wa muda mfupi na Forde mnamo 2009 kwa ajili ya kusherehekea miaka 50 ya studio ya Island Records,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://jamaica-gleaner.com/gleaner/20090517/ent/ent5.html|first=Davina|last=Morris|title=Aswad reunites for Island's 50th anniversary|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104132451/http://jamaica-gleaner.com/gleaner/20090517/ent/ent5.html|archive-date=4 January 2012|work=[[The Gleaner]]|date=17 May 2009}}</ref> muundo wa kundi ulibaki hivyo hadi kifo cha Angus "Drummie Zeb" Gaye mnamo tarehe 2 Septemba 2022, akiwa na umri wa miaka 62.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Drummie Zeb, lead singer of UK reggae band Aswad, dies aged 62|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2022/sep/02/drummie-zeb-lead-singer-of-uk-reggae-band-aswad-dies-ages-62|access-date=2 September 2022|first=Geneva|last=Abdul|date=2 September 2022|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> Albamu yao ya mwisho kabisa ya studio hadi sasa ilitoka mnamo 2009 ikiitwa ''City Lock''. Walitoa pia nyimbo za "What Is Love?" na "Do That Thing" katika mwaka huo huo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.aswadband.com/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100228194836/http://www.aswadband.com/index.html|url-status=usurped|title=Aswad Band &#124; Ads Company|archive-date=28 February 2010}}</ref> Aswad walifanya ziara nchini Uingereza katika msimu wa kuchipua wa mwaka 2025, ikiwa ni pamoja na kutumbuiza kwenye tamasha la Lambeth Country Show, hoteli za Butlins, tamasha la Bournemouth's Reggae Weekender, na kutumbuiza pamoja na Ali Campbell wa bendi ya [[UB40]] kwenye Kasri la Colchester.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.officialaswad.co.uk/events/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250323230920/https://www.officialaswad.co.uk/events/|url-status=live|title=Aswad Events|archive-date=23 March 2025}}</ref> == Wanachama == ;Wanachama wa sasa * Tony "Gad" Robinson - gitaa la besi, vinanda, sauti <small>(1976–sasa)</small> ;Wanachama wa zamani * [[Brinsley Forde|Brinsley "Dan" Forde]] – sauti, gitaa kuu na gitaa la mdundo <small>(1975–1996, 2009)</small> * [[Drummie Zeb|Angus "Drummie Zeb" Gaye]] – sauti, ngoma <small>(1975–2022; kifo chake)</small> * Donald "Dee" Griffiths – gitaa kuu <small>(1975–1980)</small> * Courtney "Khaki" Hemmings – vinanda <small>(1975–1976)</small> * George "Ras" Oban – gitaa la besi <small>(1975–1979)</small> ;Wanamuziki wa ziada {{col-begin}} {{col-2}} * Stanley Andrew – gitaa kuu, gitaa la mdundo, gitaa la acoustic, sauti * Clifton "Bigga" Morrison – sauti, vinanda, melodica * Martin "Tatta" Augustine – gitaa kuu * [[John Kpiaye]] – magitaa * Jimmy "Senyah" Haynes – gitaa kuu, gitaa la acoustic * Michael "Bammie" Rose – saxophone * Vin "Trommie" Gordon – trombone * Eddie "Tan Tan" Thornton – trumpet * Carlton "Bubblers" Ogilvie – vinanda * Jimmy "J-Slice" Neath – trumpet {{col-2}} * Paul Garred – magitaa * Michael Martin – vinanda * Patrick Tenyue – trumpet * Henry 'Buttons' Tenyue – trombone * Brian Edwards – saxophone * Trevor “T-BoNe” Jones – trombone * Perry "Lion" Melius – ngoma * Kenrick Rowe – ngoma * Paul Slowley – ngoma {{col-end}} == Kazi za Utayarishaji == * Remix ya [[Ace of Base]] ya wimbo "[[Don't Turn Around]]" (Ulioshika nafasi ya 5 Uingereza) * [[Vanessa Mae]] – "Classical Gas" (Nafasi ya 41 Uingereza)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.officialcharts.com/artist/31101/vanessa-mae/|title=VANESSA-MAE &#124; full Official Chart History &#124; Official Charts Company|website=Officialcharts.com}}</ref> * [[Janet Kay]] – "Missing You" == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * {{Commonscatinline}} * [{{discogs artist|Aswad}} Aswad kwenye mtandao wa Discogs] * {{imdb name|1379188}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Aswad (Band)}} [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Uingereza]] my6m4dnrc3n1t6vzrewbi1lnvig3pwe Yevgeny Adamov 0 238419 1549865 2026-05-24T15:27:05Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Yevgeny Olegovich Adamov''' (alizaliwa 28 Aprili 1939) ni mhandisi wa nyuklia na mwanasiasa wa Umoja wa [[Kisovieti]] na [[Urusi]]. Alikuwa mkurugenzi wa Taasisi ya Utafiti na Maendeleo ya Uhandisi wa Nishati ya N. A. Dollezhal (NIKIET) kuanzia mwaka 1986 hadi 1998. Alihudumu kama [[Wakala wa Shirikisho la Nishati ya Atomiki (Urusi)|Waziri wa Nishati ya Atomiki wa Urusi]] kuanzia mwaka 1998 hadi 2001, mjumbe wa [[Baraza la Usalama la Urusi]] kuanzia mwa...' 1549865 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yevgeny Olegovich Adamov''' (alizaliwa 28 Aprili 1939) ni mhandisi wa nyuklia na mwanasiasa wa Umoja wa [[Kisovieti]] na [[Urusi]]. Alikuwa mkurugenzi wa Taasisi ya Utafiti na Maendeleo ya Uhandisi wa Nishati ya N. A. Dollezhal (NIKIET) kuanzia mwaka 1986 hadi 1998. Alihudumu kama [[Wakala wa Shirikisho la Nishati ya Atomiki (Urusi)|Waziri wa Nishati ya Atomiki wa Urusi]] kuanzia mwaka 1998 hadi 2001, mjumbe wa [[Baraza la Usalama la Urusi]] kuanzia mwaka 1998 hadi 2000, na mshauri wa [[Waziri Mkuu wa Urusi]] kuanzia mwaka 2002 hadi 2004. Mnamo mwaka 2008, alihukumiwa kifungo cha miaka mitano na nusu jerezani kwa kosa la [[matumizi mabaya ya madaraka]] na [[utapeli]], adhabu ambayo ilipunguzwa na kuwa kifungo cha nje cha miaka minne (probation) baada ya kukata rufaa. == Wasifu == Yevgeny Adamov alizaliwa mnamo tarehe 28 Aprili 1939 mjini Moscow. Baada ya kuhitimu masomo yake mnamo mwaka 1962 kutoka [[Taasisi ya Usafiri wa Anga ya Moscow]] akiwa amesomea uhandisi wa mitambo, alijiunga na Taasisi ya Nishati ya Atomiki ya I. V. Kurchatov ([[Taasisi ya Kurchatov]]) na kufanya kazi hapo hadi mwaka 1986.<ref name="nikiet.ru">{{cite web |title=Адамов Евгений Олегович |url=http://www.nikiet.ru/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=184%3A2011-04-06-14-18-06&catid=20&Itemid=59 |website=nikiet.ru |language=ru |access-date=8 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120517140624/http://www.nikiet.ru/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=184%3A2011-04-06-14-18-06&catid=20&Itemid=59 |archive-date=17 May 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Kuanzia mwaka 1986 hadi 1998, Adamov aliongoza NIKIET, ambayo ni taasisi ya serikali ya Urusi ya utafiti na uundaji wa mifumo ya nyuklia.<ref>{{cite web |title=StAR Databases: Corruption Cases: Yevgeny Adamov |url=http://star.worldbank.org/corruption-cases/node/18672 |website=Stolen Asset Recovery Initiative |publisher=[[World Bank Group]]; [[United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime]] |access-date=12 March 2014 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140312152402/http://star.worldbank.org/corruption-cases/node/18672 |archive-date=12 March 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1939||}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Watu kutoka Moscow]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] g4ybqr822rviv2c2nktjijhhq7z0cz1 Herbert Beukes 0 238420 1549867 2026-05-24T15:29:09Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Herbert Beukes''' (alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1942) ni [[mwandishi]] wa habari na [[mwanadiplomasia]] wa Afrika Kusini.<ref>{{Citation|last=Lewis|first=Neil A.|title=EMBASSY ROW; GIVING THE SOUTH AFRICAN POINT OF VIEW|date=1986-04-03|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/04/03/us/embassy-row-giving-the-south-african-point-of-view.html|work=The New York Times|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|access-date=2026-05-24|last2=Times|first2=Special To the New York}}</ref> Al...' 1549867 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Herbert Beukes''' (alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1942) ni [[mwandishi]] wa habari na [[mwanadiplomasia]] wa Afrika Kusini.<ref>{{Citation|last=Lewis|first=Neil A.|title=EMBASSY ROW; GIVING THE SOUTH AFRICAN POINT OF VIEW|date=1986-04-03|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/04/03/us/embassy-row-giving-the-south-african-point-of-view.html|work=The New York Times|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|access-date=2026-05-24|last2=Times|first2=Special To the New York}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama [[Balozi]] wa Afrika Kusini nchini Marekani.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Beukes accredited as South African ambassador - UPI Archives|url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1985/09/24/Beukes-accredited-as-South-African-ambassador/3730496382400/|work=UPI|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1940]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 1sujlm6wqx2vvch3zx3x7xbjaxvxbda 1549906 1549867 2026-05-24T16:43:38Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549906 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Herbert Beukes''' (alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1942) ni [[mwandishi]] wa habari na [[mwanadiplomasia]] wa Afrika Kusini.<ref>{{Citation|last=Lewis|first=Neil A.|title=EMBASSY ROW; GIVING THE SOUTH AFRICAN POINT OF VIEW|date=1986-04-03|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/04/03/us/embassy-row-giving-the-south-african-point-of-view.html|work=The New York Times|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|access-date=2026-05-24|last2=Times|first2=Special To the New York}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama [[Balozi]] wa Afrika Kusini nchini Marekani.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Beukes accredited as South African ambassador - UPI Archives|url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1985/09/24/Beukes-accredited-as-South-African-ambassador/3730496382400/|work=UPI|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1940]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 6m7fva35vy9gricp3gzvi45adb93apa Coetzee Bester 0 238421 1549868 2026-05-24T15:32:47Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ben Coetzee Bester''' ni mwanataaluma na aliyekuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini aliyewakilisha chama cha ''National Party'' (NP) katika Bunge la Kitaifa kuanzia mwaka 1994 hadi 1999, <ref>{{Cite web|title=National Assembly - Members|url=http://www.parliament.gov.za/mps/mps.html|work=www.parliament.gov.za|accessdate=2026-05-24|author=ANC Input}}</ref>baada ya kushinda kiti chake katika uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 1994. Baada ya hapo, alianza kazi ya kitaal...' 1549868 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ben Coetzee Bester''' ni mwanataaluma na aliyekuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini aliyewakilisha chama cha ''National Party'' (NP) katika Bunge la Kitaifa kuanzia mwaka 1994 hadi 1999, <ref>{{Cite web|title=National Assembly - Members|url=http://www.parliament.gov.za/mps/mps.html|work=www.parliament.gov.za|accessdate=2026-05-24|author=ANC Input}}</ref>baada ya kushinda kiti chake katika uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 1994. Baada ya hapo, alianza kazi ya kitaaluma katika fani ya sayansi ya [[habari]]. Hapo awali, Bester alikuwa amekamilisha shahada ya kwanza katika somo la anthropolojia (elimu ya viumbe na utamaduni wa mwanadamu). Baada ya kuondoka bungeni, alihitimu shahada ya uzamili ya [[sayansi]] ya habari (mnamo mwaka 1999), na baadaye shahada ya uzamivu (Udaktari/PhD) ya sayansi ya habari kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Pretoria mnamo mwaka 2018. Baadaye alihudumu kama mkurugenzi wa Kituo cha Ubora cha Afrika cha Maadili ya Habari (African Center of Excellence for Information Ethics) katika Chuo Kikuu cha Pretoria, na aliongoza tawi la Afrika Kusini la Mpango wa UNESCO wa Habari kwa Wote (Information for All Programme). Yeye ni Mwafrikana (''Afrikaans'').<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jacob Zuma’s koeksuster diplomacy kicks in|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2014-04-24-jacob-zumas-koeksuster-diplomacy-kicks-in/|work=The Mail & Guardian|date=2014-04-24|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en-ZA|author=Staff Reporter}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] i6lmfipf61zoasvlsepvmkch01y4z3l 1550222 1549868 2026-05-25T09:17:32Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550222 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ben Coetzee Bester''' ni mwanataaluma na aliyekuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini aliyewakilisha chama cha ''National Party'' (NP) katika Bunge la Kitaifa kuanzia mwaka 1994 hadi 1999, <ref>{{Cite web|title=National Assembly - Members|url=http://www.parliament.gov.za/mps/mps.html|work=www.parliament.gov.za|accessdate=2026-05-24|author=ANC Input|archive-date=1998-06-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19980628034746/http://www.parliament.gov.za/mps/mps.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>baada ya kushinda kiti chake katika uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 1994. Baada ya hapo, alianza kazi ya kitaaluma katika fani ya sayansi ya [[habari]]. Hapo awali, Bester alikuwa amekamilisha shahada ya kwanza katika somo la anthropolojia (elimu ya viumbe na utamaduni wa mwanadamu). Baada ya kuondoka bungeni, alihitimu shahada ya uzamili ya [[sayansi]] ya habari (mnamo mwaka 1999), na baadaye shahada ya uzamivu (Udaktari/PhD) ya sayansi ya habari kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Pretoria mnamo mwaka 2018. Baadaye alihudumu kama mkurugenzi wa Kituo cha Ubora cha Afrika cha Maadili ya Habari (African Center of Excellence for Information Ethics) katika Chuo Kikuu cha Pretoria, na aliongoza tawi la Afrika Kusini la Mpango wa UNESCO wa Habari kwa Wote (Information for All Programme). Yeye ni Mwafrikana (''Afrikaans'').<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jacob Zuma’s koeksuster diplomacy kicks in|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2014-04-24-jacob-zumas-koeksuster-diplomacy-kicks-in/|work=The Mail & Guardian|date=2014-04-24|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en-ZA|author=Staff Reporter}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] 1d776u6sytpbdwxaelsdozewg1hmb4q Nikolay Aksyonenko 0 238422 1549869 2026-05-24T15:34:21Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Nikolay Yemelyanovich Aksyonenko''' (15 Machi 1949 – 20 Julai 2005) alikuwa meneja wa reli na mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]]. == Wasifu == === Maisha ya mapema === Nikolay Aksyonenko alizaliwa mnamo tarehe 15 Machi 1949 katika kijiji wa Novoaleksandrovka, [[Wilaya ya Bolotninsky]], [[Mkoa wa Novosibirsk]].<ref name="scilla">[http://www.panorama.ru/gov/gov20017.shtml Aksyonenko Nikolay Yemelyanovich] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/2021110820062...' 1549869 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nikolay Yemelyanovich Aksyonenko''' (15 Machi 1949 – 20 Julai 2005) alikuwa meneja wa reli na mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]]. == Wasifu == === Maisha ya mapema === Nikolay Aksyonenko alizaliwa mnamo tarehe 15 Machi 1949 katika kijiji wa Novoaleksandrovka, [[Wilaya ya Bolotninsky]], [[Mkoa wa Novosibirsk]].<ref name="scilla">[http://www.panorama.ru/gov/gov20017.shtml Aksyonenko Nikolay Yemelyanovich] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211108200620/http://www.panorama.ru/gov/gov20017.shtml |date=2021-11-08 }}, ''panorama.ru''</ref> Alikuwa mtoto wa mwisho na wa 13 katika familia kubwa ya msaidizi wa dereva wa gari moshi. Katika ujana wake, alijishughulisha na mchezo wa ndondi wa uzani mzito (heavyweight boxing) na mpira wa miguu. Baada ya kumaliza shule mnamo mwaka 1966, alijaribu kujiunga na Taasisi ya Elektroteknolojia ya Novosibirsk, lakini alifeli mtihani wa kujiunga. Mnamo mwaka 1967, alifanikiwa kujiunga na [[Chuo Kikuu cha Serikali cha Usafiri cha Siberia|Taasisi ya Wahandisi wa Reli ya Novosibirsk]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gudok.ru/newspaper/?ID=1456522&archive=2019.03.15|title=Человек дела|lang=ru|website=Gudok|date=2019-03-15|access-date=2021-11-27|archive-date=2021-11-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211127152944/https://www.gudok.ru/newspaper/?ID=1456522&archive=2019.03.15|url-status=live}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1949|2005}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] awhm0lytcvtrp0vr8legi60n1ovgy7b Norman Prescott-Davies 0 238423 1549870 2026-05-24T15:34:38Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Norman Prescott-Davies''' ([[1862]] – [[1915]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] picha nchini [[Uingereza]]. Alichaguliwa kuwa Mwanachama Mshiriki wa Chuo cha Sanaa cha Kifalme (Associate of the Royal College of Art) mwaka [[1891]], na kwa Royal Society of British Artists mwaka [[1893]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Houfe|first=Simon|title=The Dictionary of British Book Illustrators and Caricaturists, 1800-1914: With Introd. Chapters on the Rise and Progress of the Art|...' 1549870 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Norman Prescott-Davies''' ([[1862]] – [[1915]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] picha nchini [[Uingereza]]. Alichaguliwa kuwa Mwanachama Mshiriki wa Chuo cha Sanaa cha Kifalme (Associate of the Royal College of Art) mwaka [[1891]], na kwa Royal Society of British Artists mwaka [[1893]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Houfe|first=Simon|title=The Dictionary of British Book Illustrators and Caricaturists, 1800-1914: With Introd. Chapters on the Rise and Progress of the Art|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iOsQMQAACAAJ&pg=PA420|accessdate=29 August 2017|year=1981|publisher=Antique Collectors' Club|page=420}}</ref> <gallery mode="packed"> Norman Prescott Davies, 1881 - An Eastern beauty.jpg|An Eastern beauty, 1881 Norman Prescott Davies - Catherine La Rose (23).jpg| Mirror, pg 78--The Strand Magazine, vol 1, no 1.png|Norman Prescott-Davies, illustration in the ''Strand Magazine'' from 1891 </gallery> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1862]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1915]] 5lu450w39kpmeylv76ecc4kaykrkxag Alan Beesley 0 238424 1549871 2026-05-24T15:36:23Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Alan David Beesley''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini na Mbunge wa [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa kupitia chama cha ''ActionSA''. Alichaguliwa kuingia bungeni katika [[uchaguzi]] mkuu wa Afrika Kusini wa mwaka 2024.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mr Alan David Beesley - Parliament of South Africa|url=https://www.parliament.gov.za/person-details/5230|work=www.parliament.gov.za|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} ...' 1549871 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alan David Beesley''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini na Mbunge wa [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa kupitia chama cha ''ActionSA''. Alichaguliwa kuingia bungeni katika [[uchaguzi]] mkuu wa Afrika Kusini wa mwaka 2024.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mr Alan David Beesley - Parliament of South Africa|url=https://www.parliament.gov.za/person-details/5230|work=www.parliament.gov.za|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] hqpeh3oq8rfodd03l8sv4f3bv30r6ma Beatrix Potter 0 238425 1549872 2026-05-24T15:39:14Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Helen Beatrix Heelis''' (jina la kuzaliwa Potter; [[Julai 28]], [[1866]] – [[Desemba 22]], [[1943]]), anayejulikana kama '''Beatrix Potter''', alikuwa [[mwandishi]], [[mchoraji]] picha, [[mwanasayansi]] wa asili, na mhifadhi nchini [[Uingereza]]. Alijulikana zaidi kwa vitabu vyake vya watoto vinavyohusisha wanyama, kama vile ''The Tale of Peter Rabbit'' ([[1902]]). Vitabu vyake viliuza zaidi ya nakala milioni 250.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://howjsay.co...' 1549872 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Helen Beatrix Heelis''' (jina la kuzaliwa Potter; [[Julai 28]], [[1866]] – [[Desemba 22]], [[1943]]), anayejulikana kama '''Beatrix Potter''', alikuwa [[mwandishi]], [[mchoraji]] picha, [[mwanasayansi]] wa asili, na mhifadhi nchini [[Uingereza]]. Alijulikana zaidi kwa vitabu vyake vya watoto vinavyohusisha wanyama, kama vile ''The Tale of Peter Rabbit'' ([[1902]]). Vitabu vyake viliuza zaidi ya nakala milioni 250.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://howjsay.com/how-to-pronounce-beatrix+potter|title=Free online Dictionary of English Pronunciation – How to Pronounce English words|website=howjsay.com|access-date=6 October 2017|archive-date=21 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210821142356/https://howjsay.com/how-to-pronounce-beatrix+potter|url-status=live}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanasayansi wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1866]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1943]] c6wu83s9d35e9wsqhsucblefnktucaq Anoop Beesham 0 238426 1549873 2026-05-24T15:39:27Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Anoop Kumar Beesham''' (alizaliwa 4 Januari 1951) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini aliyewakilisha chama cha ''National Party'' (NP) katika [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa wakati wa Bunge la kwanza la kidemokrasia. Ingawa hakuchaguliwa moja kwa moja katika uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 1994,<ref>{{Cite web|title=SOUTH AFRICA: CAMPAIGN AND ELECTION REPORT APRIL 26 ...|url=https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/read/13429370/south-africa-campaign-and-election-report-april-26-|...' 1549873 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anoop Kumar Beesham''' (alizaliwa 4 Januari 1951) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini aliyewakilisha chama cha ''National Party'' (NP) katika [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa wakati wa Bunge la kwanza la kidemokrasia. Ingawa hakuchaguliwa moja kwa moja katika uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 1994,<ref>{{Cite web|title=SOUTH AFRICA: CAMPAIGN AND ELECTION REPORT APRIL 26 ...|url=https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/read/13429370/south-africa-campaign-and-election-report-april-26-|work=yumpu.com|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Yumpu.com}}</ref> aliapishwa kuchukua kiti bungeni wakati wa muhula huo wa bunge. Alihudumu katika Kamati Teule ya Sanaa, [[Utamaduni]] na Lugha pamoja na Kamati Teule ya Sayansi na Teknolojia.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Beesham, Anoop Kumar|url=http://www.parliament.gov.za/mps/beesham.html|work=www.parliament.gov.za|accessdate=2026-05-24}}</ref> Katika uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 1999, Beesham aligombea tena nafasi ya kurejea katika Bunge la Kitaifa, na pia aligombea nafasi ya kuingia katika Bunge la Mkoa wa KwaZulu-Natal. Hata hivyo, aliwekwa katika nafasi ya chini sana kwenye orodha ya wagombea wa chama cha ''New National Party'' na hivyo hakufanikiwa kushinda kiti chochote. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1951]] rc36twcux8ltovfouh1ma4kqroe3q9y Sergei Alexeyev 0 238427 1549874 2026-05-24T15:39:29Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sergei Sergeyevich Alexeyev''' (28 Julai 1924 – 12 Mei 2013) alikuwa mwananadharia wa sheria wa Umoja wa Kisovieti na [[Urusi]], msomi wa Sheria ya Kiraia, na mwanasiasa. Alikuwa mwenyekiti wa kwanza na wa pekee wa Kamati ya Usimamizi wa Katiba ya USSR kuanzia mwaka 1990 hadi 1991. Baadaye, alikuwa mmoja wa waandishi wenza wa Katiba ya Urusi ya mwaka 1993,<ref>[http://www.sptimesrussia.com/index.php?action_id=2&story_id=37302 Co-Author Of Constitution...' 1549874 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sergei Sergeyevich Alexeyev''' (28 Julai 1924 – 12 Mei 2013) alikuwa mwananadharia wa sheria wa Umoja wa Kisovieti na [[Urusi]], msomi wa Sheria ya Kiraia, na mwanasiasa. Alikuwa mwenyekiti wa kwanza na wa pekee wa Kamati ya Usimamizi wa Katiba ya USSR kuanzia mwaka 1990 hadi 1991. Baadaye, alikuwa mmoja wa waandishi wenza wa Katiba ya Urusi ya mwaka 1993,<ref>[http://www.sptimesrussia.com/index.php?action_id=2&story_id=37302 Co-Author Of Constitution Dead at 88 | The St. Petersburg Times | The leading English-language newspaper in St. Petersburg]</ref> akishirikiana na [[Anatoly Sobchak]] na [[Sergey Shakhray]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1924|2013}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] f40brmzw47016nla54aeibapd0zkrxl William Duncan Baxter 0 238428 1549875 2026-05-24T15:43:31Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''William Duncan Baxter''' (14 Juni 1868 – 7 Januari 1960) alikuwa mfanyabiashara, [[mwanasiasa]], na Meya wa Cape Town, Afrika Kusini, kuanzia mwaka 1907 hadi 1908. Jumba la [[sanaa]] linalojulikana kama "The Baxter", ambalo ni jengo la maonesho ya sanaa huko Rondebosch, kitongoji cha Cape Town, lilipewa jina hilo kwa heshima yake.<ref>{{Cite web|title=History {{!}} Baxter Theatre Centre|url=http://www.baxter.co.za/baxter/about-us/history|work=www.baxt...' 1549875 wikitext text/x-wiki '''William Duncan Baxter''' (14 Juni 1868 – 7 Januari 1960) alikuwa mfanyabiashara, [[mwanasiasa]], na Meya wa Cape Town, Afrika Kusini, kuanzia mwaka 1907 hadi 1908. Jumba la [[sanaa]] linalojulikana kama "The Baxter", ambalo ni jengo la maonesho ya sanaa huko Rondebosch, kitongoji cha Cape Town, lilipewa jina hilo kwa heshima yake.<ref>{{Cite web|title=History {{!}} Baxter Theatre Centre|url=http://www.baxter.co.za/baxter/about-us/history|work=www.baxter.co.za|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en}}</ref> == Maisha ya Awali == Baxter alikuwa mtoto wa tatu wa kiume wa David William na Jane Baxter, ambapo [[baba]] yake alikuwa mtengenezaji wa bidhaa za katani (jute). Baxter alisoma katika [[Shule]] ya Upili ya Dundee<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wayback Machine|url=http://www.archive.highschoolofdundee.org.uk/Filename.ashx?tableName=ta_publications&columnName=filename&recordId=85|work=www.archive.highschoolofdundee.org.uk|accessdate=2026-05-24}}</ref> na Chuo Kikuu cha Dundee. Mnamo mwaka 1886, alihamia Afrika Kusini ambako alijiunga na [[kampuni]] ya ''William Duncan and Co.'' mjini Cape Town, biashara ya nguo na mapazia iliyokuwa ikimilikiwa na mjomba wake. Mjomba wake alipofariki mnamo mwaka 1895, yeye akawa mmiliki wa biashara hiyo. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1868]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1960]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] puwdgxxlr0xzxruij1bo8swvoy50o0d 1550069 1549875 2026-05-25T01:15:57Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550069 wikitext text/x-wiki '''William Duncan Baxter''' (14 Juni 1868 – 7 Januari 1960) alikuwa mfanyabiashara, [[mwanasiasa]], na Meya wa Cape Town, Afrika Kusini, kuanzia mwaka 1907 hadi 1908. Jumba la [[sanaa]] linalojulikana kama "The Baxter", ambalo ni jengo la maonesho ya sanaa huko Rondebosch, kitongoji cha Cape Town, lilipewa jina hilo kwa heshima yake.<ref>{{Cite web|title=History {{!}} Baxter Theatre Centre|url=http://www.baxter.co.za/baxter/about-us/history|work=www.baxter.co.za|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|archive-date=2020-09-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200919155414/http://www.baxter.co.za/baxter/about-us/history|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Maisha ya Awali == Baxter alikuwa mtoto wa tatu wa kiume wa David William na Jane Baxter, ambapo [[baba]] yake alikuwa mtengenezaji wa bidhaa za katani (jute). Baxter alisoma katika [[Shule]] ya Upili ya Dundee<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wayback Machine|url=http://www.archive.highschoolofdundee.org.uk/Filename.ashx?tableName=ta_publications&columnName=filename&recordId=85|work=www.archive.highschoolofdundee.org.uk|accessdate=2026-05-24|archive-date=2022-08-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220815025923/http://www.archive.highschoolofdundee.org.uk/Filename.ashx?tableName=ta_publications&columnName=filename&recordId=85|url-status=dead}}</ref> na Chuo Kikuu cha Dundee. Mnamo mwaka 1886, alihamia Afrika Kusini ambako alijiunga na [[kampuni]] ya ''William Duncan and Co.'' mjini Cape Town, biashara ya nguo na mapazia iliyokuwa ikimilikiwa na mjomba wake. Mjomba wake alipofariki mnamo mwaka 1895, yeye akawa mmiliki wa biashara hiyo. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1868]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1960]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] klw7cc89raek42o0eeax1ayxi36cb9y 1550086 1550069 2026-05-25T02:18:03Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1550086 wikitext text/x-wiki '''William Duncan Baxter''' (14 Juni 1868 – 7 Januari 1960) alikuwa mfanyabiashara, [[mwanasiasa]], na Meya wa Cape Town, Afrika Kusini, kuanzia mwaka 1907 hadi 1908. Jumba la [[sanaa]] linalojulikana kama "The Baxter", ambalo ni jengo la maonesho ya sanaa huko Rondebosch, kitongoji cha Cape Town, lilipewa jina hilo kwa heshima yake.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=History {{!}} Baxter Theatre Centre|url=http://www.baxter.co.za/baxter/about-us/history|work=www.baxter.co.za|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|archive-date=2020-09-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200919155414/http://www.baxter.co.za/baxter/about-us/history|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Maisha ya Awali == Baxter alikuwa mtoto wa tatu wa kiume wa David William na Jane Baxter, ambapo [[baba]] yake alikuwa mtengenezaji wa bidhaa za katani (jute). Baxter alisoma katika [[Shule]] ya Upili ya Dundee<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Wayback Machine|url=http://www.archive.highschoolofdundee.org.uk/Filename.ashx?tableName=ta_publications&columnName=filename&recordId=85|work=www.archive.highschoolofdundee.org.uk|accessdate=2026-05-24|archive-date=2022-08-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220815025923/http://www.archive.highschoolofdundee.org.uk/Filename.ashx?tableName=ta_publications&columnName=filename&recordId=85|url-status=dead}}</ref> na Chuo Kikuu cha Dundee. Mnamo mwaka 1886, alihamia Afrika Kusini ambako alijiunga na [[kampuni]] ya ''William Duncan and Co.'' mjini Cape Town, biashara ya nguo na mapazia iliyokuwa ikimilikiwa na mjomba wake. Mjomba wake alipofariki mnamo mwaka 1895, yeye akawa mmiliki wa biashara hiyo. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1868]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1960]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] 4r5ahjew0lgwcpsy15lul2nay1qps92 Mikey Please 0 238429 1549876 2026-05-24T15:44:05Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Michael Please''' (anayejulikana kama Mikey Please; alizaliwa [[1984]]) ni [[mwandishi]], mkurugenzi, mhuishaji, na [[mchoraji]] picha wa [[Uingereza]].<ref>[https://news.bbc.co.uk/local/london/hi/people_and_places/newsid_9380000/9380245.stm BBC News coverage of Please: "Animator's graduation films gets BAFTA nod"] Retrieved 13 February 2011</ref><ref>[http://www.bafta.org/awards/film/2011-film-awards,1572,BA.html#jump21 BAFTA website] {{webarchive|url=...' 1549876 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michael Please''' (anayejulikana kama Mikey Please; alizaliwa [[1984]]) ni [[mwandishi]], mkurugenzi, mhuishaji, na [[mchoraji]] picha wa [[Uingereza]].<ref>[https://news.bbc.co.uk/local/london/hi/people_and_places/newsid_9380000/9380245.stm BBC News coverage of Please: "Animator's graduation films gets BAFTA nod"] Retrieved 13 February 2011</ref><ref>[http://www.bafta.org/awards/film/2011-film-awards,1572,BA.html#jump21 BAFTA website] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110110061729/http://www.bafta.org/awards/film/2011-film-awards%2C1572%2CBA.html |date=2011-01-10 }} Retrieved 13 February 2011</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1984]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] qahb52a9hgasiukhcdsxz3hlceq66o8 Mike Basopu 0 238430 1549877 2026-05-24T15:48:47Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mike Basopu''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini. Alikuwa Mbunge wa [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa kupitia chama cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC) kuanzia tarehe 24 Novemba 2021 hadi alipojiuzulu mnamo tarehe 27 Februari 2023, ili kutoa nafasi kwa [[Waziri]] wa Fedha Enoch Godongwana kuapishwa kuwa mbunge.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mike Basopu|url=http://www.pa.org.za/person/mike-basopu/|work=People's Assembly|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Contact us...' 1549877 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mike Basopu''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini. Alikuwa Mbunge wa [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa kupitia chama cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC) kuanzia tarehe 24 Novemba 2021 hadi alipojiuzulu mnamo tarehe 27 Februari 2023, ili kutoa nafasi kwa [[Waziri]] wa Fedha Enoch Godongwana kuapishwa kuwa mbunge.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mike Basopu|url=http://www.pa.org.za/person/mike-basopu/|work=People's Assembly|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Contact us People's Assembly Tel:465 8885 Fax:465 8887 2nd Floor 9 Church Square Parliament Street Cape Town 8001 South Africa}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] 2lfggjxge9bcqrq40kfw0btci7eyhhg 1549972 1549877 2026-05-24T18:56:40Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549972 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mike Basopu''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini. Alikuwa Mbunge wa [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa kupitia chama cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC) kuanzia tarehe 24 Novemba 2021 hadi alipojiuzulu mnamo tarehe 27 Februari 2023, ili kutoa nafasi kwa [[Waziri]] wa Fedha Enoch Godongwana kuapishwa kuwa mbunge.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Mike Basopu|url=http://www.pa.org.za/person/mike-basopu/|work=People's Assembly|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Contact us People's Assembly Tel:465 8885 Fax:465 8887 2nd Floor 9 Church Square Parliament Street Cape Town 8001 South Africa}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] spf4hhermlmxk6qtdol2tyv85hmonjt Mikhail Astafyev 0 238431 1549881 2026-05-24T15:51:01Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mikhail Georgiyevich Astafyev''' (alizaliwa 16 Septemba 1946) ni mwanafizikia na mwanasiasa wa zamani wa [[Urusi]]. Alizaliwa mjini [[Moscow]], na alikuwa Mbunge wa Watu wa Shirikisho la Urusi kuanzia mwaka 1990 hadi 1993.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.rusinst.ru/articletext.asp?rzd=1&id=5473&tm=9 |title=АстафЬев Михаил Георгиевич (Р. 16.09.1946), УченЫй, ОбщественнЫй ДеятелЬ, Лидер Всеросс...' 1549881 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mikhail Georgiyevich Astafyev''' (alizaliwa 16 Septemba 1946) ni mwanafizikia na mwanasiasa wa zamani wa [[Urusi]]. Alizaliwa mjini [[Moscow]], na alikuwa Mbunge wa Watu wa Shirikisho la Urusi kuanzia mwaka 1990 hadi 1993.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.rusinst.ru/articletext.asp?rzd=1&id=5473&tm=9 |title=АстафЬев Михаил Георгиевич (Р. 16.09.1946), УченЫй, ОбщественнЫй ДеятелЬ, Лидер Всероссийского НационалЬного Правого Центра |access-date=2013-01-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151029060001/http://www.rusinst.ru/articletext.asp?rzd=1&id=5473&tm=9 |archive-date=2015-10-29 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1946||}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Wanafizikia wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Watu kutoka Moscow]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] mkdltrff4j2k4kziunjcxvsdorb0it3 1549973 1549881 2026-05-24T18:56:58Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549973 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mikhail Georgiyevich Astafyev''' (alizaliwa 16 Septemba 1946) ni mwanafizikia na mwanasiasa wa zamani wa [[Urusi]]. Alizaliwa mjini [[Moscow]], na alikuwa Mbunge wa Watu wa Shirikisho la Urusi kuanzia mwaka 1990 hadi 1993.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.rusinst.ru/articletext.asp?rzd=1&id=5473&tm=9 |title=АстафЬев Михаил Георгиевич (Р. 16.09.1946), УченЫй, ОбщественнЫй ДеятелЬ, Лидер Всероссийского НационалЬного Правого Центра |access-date=2013-01-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151029060001/http://www.rusinst.ru/articletext.asp?rzd=1&id=5473&tm=9 |archive-date=2015-10-29 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1946||}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Wanafizikia wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Watu kutoka Moscow]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] pg1ui32325mgq38xg3tpdhf4oriksut Ivan Rowan Barnes 0 238432 1549883 2026-05-24T15:52:25Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ivan Barnes''' ni [[kiongozi]] wa chama cha ''National Freedom Party'' (NFP) na ndiye aliyekuwa mgombea mkuu wa [[chama]] hicho kwenye orodha ya kitaifa kwa ajili ya uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 2024. Alichaguliwa kuwa Rais wa chama hicho mnamo tarehe 17 Desemba 2023, katika uchaguzi uliopingwa na Kamati Kuu ya Utendaji ya Kitaifa ya chama hicho. Baadaye, ushindi wake ulitambuliwa rasmi na Tume Huru ya [[Uchaguzi]] (IEC). Kipindi chake kama rais wa chama kim...' 1549883 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ivan Barnes''' ni [[kiongozi]] wa chama cha ''National Freedom Party'' (NFP) na ndiye aliyekuwa mgombea mkuu wa [[chama]] hicho kwenye orodha ya kitaifa kwa ajili ya uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 2024. Alichaguliwa kuwa Rais wa chama hicho mnamo tarehe 17 Desemba 2023, katika uchaguzi uliopingwa na Kamati Kuu ya Utendaji ya Kitaifa ya chama hicho. Baadaye, ushindi wake ulitambuliwa rasmi na Tume Huru ya [[Uchaguzi]] (IEC). Kipindi chake kama rais wa chama kimegubikwa na migogoro ya ndani ya chama. Alikabiliwa na mivutano sio tu na aliyekuwa Katibu Mkuu, Canaan Mdletshe,<ref>{{Citation|title=NFP leadership squabbles continue - SABC News - Breaking news, special reports, world, business, sport coverage of all South African current events. Africa's news leader.|date=2023-12-19|url=https://www.sabcnews.com/sabcnews/nfp-leadership-squabbles-continue/|work=SABC News - Breaking news, special reports, world, business, sport coverage of all South African current events. Africa\'s news leader.|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-24}}</ref> bali pia na Teddy Thwala, ambaye alichaguliwa kuwa [[Katibu]] Mkuu wa chama hicho pamoja naye. Baadaye Barnes aliwasimamisha kazi viongozi kumi na watano wa chama, lakini uamuzi huo ulitenguliwa na mahakama mnamo Julai 2024.<ref>{{Cite web|title=MSN|url=https://www.msn.com/en-za/news/other/major-win-for-nfp-leaders-in-legal-brawl-with-leader-barnes/ar-BB1qxfgG|work=www.msn.com|accessdate=2026-05-24}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] tddgpuopi596hzfu7qervza0y5bcyvi 1549911 1549883 2026-05-24T16:57:20Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549911 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ivan Barnes''' ni [[kiongozi]] wa chama cha ''National Freedom Party'' (NFP) na ndiye aliyekuwa mgombea mkuu wa [[chama]] hicho kwenye orodha ya kitaifa kwa ajili ya uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 2024. Alichaguliwa kuwa Rais wa chama hicho mnamo tarehe 17 Desemba 2023, katika uchaguzi uliopingwa na Kamati Kuu ya Utendaji ya Kitaifa ya chama hicho. Baadaye, ushindi wake ulitambuliwa rasmi na Tume Huru ya [[Uchaguzi]] (IEC). Kipindi chake kama rais wa chama kimegubikwa na migogoro ya ndani ya chama. Alikabiliwa na mivutano sio tu na aliyekuwa Katibu Mkuu, Canaan Mdletshe,<ref>{{Citation|title=NFP leadership squabbles continue - SABC News - Breaking news, special reports, world, business, sport coverage of all South African current events. Africa's news leader.|date=2023-12-19|url=https://www.sabcnews.com/sabcnews/nfp-leadership-squabbles-continue/|work=SABC News - Breaking news, special reports, world, business, sport coverage of all South African current events. Africa\'s news leader.|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-24}}</ref> bali pia na Teddy Thwala, ambaye alichaguliwa kuwa [[Katibu]] Mkuu wa chama hicho pamoja naye. Baadaye Barnes aliwasimamisha kazi viongozi kumi na watano wa chama, lakini uamuzi huo ulitenguliwa na mahakama mnamo Julai 2024.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=MSN|url=https://www.msn.com/en-za/news/other/major-win-for-nfp-leaders-in-legal-brawl-with-leader-barnes/ar-BB1qxfgG|work=www.msn.com|accessdate=2026-05-24}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] 5wu2x7byx2na69nfnd36oasmqh9dxa3 William barton 0 238433 1549887 2026-05-24T15:58:03Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika 'Mchungaji '''William Bantom''' (alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1946) alikuwa Meya wa Cape Town kuanzia mwaka 1995 hadi 2000. Alikuwa meya wa kwanza mweusi wa jiji hilo,<ref>{{Cite web|title=William Barton Whittam - The Mayors of Bolton Directory|url=https://www.bolton.gov.uk/directory-record/4439/william-barton-whittam|work=Bolton Council|date=2026-05-24|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Bolton Council}}</ref> akichaguliwa katika [[uchaguzi]] wa kwanza wa se...' 1549887 wikitext text/x-wiki Mchungaji '''William Bantom''' (alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1946) alikuwa Meya wa Cape Town kuanzia mwaka 1995 hadi 2000. Alikuwa meya wa kwanza mweusi wa jiji hilo,<ref>{{Cite web|title=William Barton Whittam - The Mayors of Bolton Directory|url=https://www.bolton.gov.uk/directory-record/4439/william-barton-whittam|work=Bolton Council|date=2026-05-24|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Bolton Council}}</ref> akichaguliwa katika [[uchaguzi]] wa kwanza wa serikali za mitaa usio wa kibaguzi mnamo mwaka 1995. Alilazimika kujiuzulu nafasi hiyo ya umeya na akafukuzwa kutoka chama cha ''New National Party'' mnamo mwaka 2000 kutokana na kukiuka [[sera]] za mamlaka kuhusu matumizi sahihi ya vifaa vya kazi vya kielektroniki. Yeye ni [[mchungaji]] katika Kanisa la Nazarene (''Church of the Nazarene''). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} 6vai7wfulnlxlc63kq59h7qnt9pxmak 1549888 1549887 2026-05-24T15:58:46Z Don Malya 61486 1549888 wikitext text/x-wiki Mchungaji '''William Bantom''' (alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1946) alikuwa Meya wa Cape Town kuanzia mwaka 1995 hadi 2000. Alikuwa meya wa kwanza mweusi wa jiji hilo,<ref>{{Cite web|title=William Barton Whittam - The Mayors of Bolton Directory|url=https://www.bolton.gov.uk/directory-record/4439/william-barton-whittam|work=Bolton Council|date=2026-05-24|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Bolton Council}}</ref> akichaguliwa katika [[uchaguzi]] wa kwanza wa serikali za mitaa usio wa kibaguzi mnamo mwaka 1995. Alilazimika kujiuzulu nafasi hiyo ya umeya na akafukuzwa kutoka chama cha ''New National Party'' mnamo mwaka 2000 kutokana na kukiuka [[sera]] za mamlaka kuhusu matumizi sahihi ya vifaa vya kazi vya kielektroniki. Yeye ni [[mchungaji]] katika Kanisa la Nazarene (''Church of the Nazarene''). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1940]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] r7o0icnlv4ri6s3mnitn7a5973kottj 1550087 1549888 2026-05-25T02:18:30Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1550087 wikitext text/x-wiki Mchungaji '''William Bantom''' (alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1946) alikuwa Meya wa Cape Town kuanzia mwaka 1995 hadi 2000. Alikuwa meya wa kwanza mweusi wa jiji hilo,<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=William Barton Whittam - The Mayors of Bolton Directory|url=https://www.bolton.gov.uk/directory-record/4439/william-barton-whittam|work=Bolton Council|date=2026-05-24|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Bolton Council}}</ref> akichaguliwa katika [[uchaguzi]] wa kwanza wa serikali za mitaa usio wa kibaguzi mnamo mwaka 1995. Alilazimika kujiuzulu nafasi hiyo ya umeya na akafukuzwa kutoka chama cha ''New National Party'' mnamo mwaka 2000 kutokana na kukiuka [[sera]] za mamlaka kuhusu matumizi sahihi ya vifaa vya kazi vya kielektroniki. Yeye ni [[mchungaji]] katika Kanisa la Nazarene (''Church of the Nazarene''). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1940]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] fcrniz057cysfx83vcnyg3qxvd4b649 Anton Bakov 0 238434 1549889 2026-05-24T15:59:49Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Anton Alekseyevich Bakov''' (alizaliwa 29 Desemba 1965) ni mfanyabiashara wa [[Urusi]], mwanasiasa wa mrengo wa [[Ufalme|kifalme]] (monarchist), msafiri, mwandishi, na mwanaharakati wa [[haki za binadamu]]. Yeye ni mwenyekiti wa Chama cha Kifalme cha Urusi, alikuwa mbunge wa [[Duma ya Serikali]] ya Urusi (bunge la nne) kuanzia mwaka 2003 hadi 2007, na alikuwa mgombea katika Uchaguzi wa rais wa Urusi wa 2018. Kutokana na kujulikana kwake kwa mfululizo mr...' 1549889 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anton Alekseyevich Bakov''' (alizaliwa 29 Desemba 1965) ni mfanyabiashara wa [[Urusi]], mwanasiasa wa mrengo wa [[Ufalme|kifalme]] (monarchist), msafiri, mwandishi, na mwanaharakati wa [[haki za binadamu]]. Yeye ni mwenyekiti wa Chama cha Kifalme cha Urusi, alikuwa mbunge wa [[Duma ya Serikali]] ya Urusi (bunge la nne) kuanzia mwaka 2003 hadi 2007, na alikuwa mgombea katika Uchaguzi wa rais wa Urusi wa 2018. Kutokana na kujulikana kwake kwa mfululizo mrefu wa miradi isiyo ya kawaida ya kisiasa kama vile [[Faranga ya Ural]] (Ural franc), mwandishi [[Alexei Ivanov (mwandishi)|Alexei Ivanov]] alimbatiza jina la "[[Leonardo da Vinci|Leonardo]] wa kisiasa".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.znak.com/2014-05-05/avtor_eburga_pisatel_aleksey_ivanov_vstretilsya_s_odnim_iz_glavnyh_geroev_knigi|script-title=ru:Автор «Ёбурга» писатель Алексей Иванов встретился с одним из главных героев книги|trans-title=The author of "Öburg", writer Alexei Ivanov, met with one of the main book character|work=Znak|language=ru|date=5 May 2014|access-date=25 September 2019|archive-date=12 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160512181847/https://www.znak.com/2014-05-05/avtor_eburga_pisatel_aleksey_ivanov_vstretilsya_s_odnim_iz_glavnyh_geroev_knigi|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1965||}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] 2tlaprpeia03ceorrolk49yszxo4smo Valentin Bakulin 0 238435 1549890 2026-05-24T16:04:05Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Valentin Ivanovich Bakulin''' (30 Januari 1945 – 24 Februari 2022) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]]. Akiwa mwanachama wa Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Shirikisho la Urusi], alihudumu katika [[Baraza la Shirikisho (Urusi)]] kuanzia mwaka 2001 hadi 2004.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ivanovo.izbirkom.ru/way/931721/sx/art/931963/cp/1/br/|title=14.10.05 ОБЛАСТНОЙ СПИСОК кандидатов в депутаты Законодательного С...' 1549890 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Valentin Ivanovich Bakulin''' (30 Januari 1945 – 24 Februari 2022) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]]. Akiwa mwanachama wa Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Shirikisho la Urusi], alihudumu katika [[Baraza la Shirikisho (Urusi)]] kuanzia mwaka 2001 hadi 2004.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ivanovo.izbirkom.ru/way/931721/sx/art/931963/cp/1/br/|title=14.10.05 ОБЛАСТНОЙ СПИСОК кандидатов в депутаты Законодательного Собрания Ивановской области четвертого созыва выдвинутых Ивановским областным отделением political партии «Коммунистическая партия Российской Федерации» по областному избирательному округу|work=Electoral Commission of the Ivanovo Oblast|language=Russian|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222175408/http://www.ivanovo.izbirkom.ru/way/931721/sx/art/931963/cp/1/br/|archivedate=22 February 2014}}</ref> Alifariki dunia mjini [[Ivanovo]] mnamo tarehe 24 Februari 2022, akiwa na umri wa miaka 77.<ref>{{cite news |last= |first= |date=26 February 2022|title=ПАМЯТИ ТОВАРИЩА: ВАЛЕНТИН ИВАНОВИЧ БАКУЛИН|trans-title= |url=http://www.ivkprf.ru/slider/pamyati-tovarishha-valentin-ivanovich-bakulin/|language=Russian|work=[[Communist Party of the Russian Federation]]|location= |access-date=28 February 2022}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1945|2022}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] 4ioomx74ag163tvmkihu8rv1hl6r1g8 Rose M. M. Pitman 0 238436 1549895 2026-05-24T16:26:00Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Rose M. M. Pitman''' ([[1868]] – [[1947]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] picha wa [[Uingereza]]. Alijulikana zaidi kwa michoro yake kwa toleo la [[1897]] la ''Undine'' na ''Friedrich de la Motte Fouqué'' na kwa kuchora vitabu vya watoto.<ref name="mybookfinds">{{cite web |website=Mybookfinds |date=October 6, 2014 |title=''Undine'' by F. de la Motte Fouque, Illustrated by Rosie M M Pitman |url=http://mybeautifulbookfinds.blogspot.com/}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{...' 1549895 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rose M. M. Pitman''' ([[1868]] – [[1947]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] picha wa [[Uingereza]]. Alijulikana zaidi kwa michoro yake kwa toleo la [[1897]] la ''Undine'' na ''Friedrich de la Motte Fouqué'' na kwa kuchora vitabu vya watoto.<ref name="mybookfinds">{{cite web |website=Mybookfinds |date=October 6, 2014 |title=''Undine'' by F. de la Motte Fouque, Illustrated by Rosie M M Pitman |url=http://mybeautifulbookfinds.blogspot.com/}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1868]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1947]] o4uqeavxsg9u8xvoys9c2v9zhca9cz9 George John Pinwell 0 238437 1549896 2026-05-24T16:28:45Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''George John Pinwell''' ([[Desemba 26]], [[1842]] – [[Septemba 8]], [[1875]]), alikuwa [[mchoraji]] picha akitumia rangi za maji nchini [[Uingereza]], mwanachama muhimu wa shule ya Idyllist.<ref name=AJ-GJPinwell-Obit>{{cite journal |title=Obituary George John Pinwell |journal=[[The Art Journal]] |volume=37 |issue=December |pages=365–366 |year=1875 |hdl=2027/gri.ark:/13960/t1bk81c9r?urlappend=%3Bseq=449 |url=https://hdl.handle.net/202...' 1549896 wikitext text/x-wiki '''George John Pinwell''' ([[Desemba 26]], [[1842]] – [[Septemba 8]], [[1875]]), alikuwa [[mchoraji]] picha akitumia rangi za maji nchini [[Uingereza]], mwanachama muhimu wa shule ya Idyllist.<ref name=AJ-GJPinwell-Obit>{{cite journal |title=Obituary George John Pinwell |journal=[[The Art Journal]] |volume=37 |issue=December |pages=365–366 |year=1875 |hdl=2027/gri.ark:/13960/t1bk81c9r?urlappend=%3Bseq=449 |url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/gri.ark:/13960/t1bk81c9r?urlappend=%3Bseq=449 |access-date=2020-10-08 |via=The [[HathiTrust]] (access may be limited outside the United States) }}</ref> <ref name=Baptism-Pinwells>{{cite book |last1=Surrey History Centre |title=Surrey, England, Church of England Baptisms, 1813-1917 |chapter=Year Range: 1845-1872: Ref. No. 2217/1/1: Baptisms solenmized in St. Mark's Church, Surbition in the county of Surrey in the Year 1845: George John Pinwell and Henry Pinwell |year=2010 |publisher=Ancestry.com |location=Provo, Utah }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1842]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1875]] 5nopy3mzicl1n9la92o812zzkqleail Thomas Ashburton Picken 0 238438 1549899 2026-05-24T16:33:06Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Thomas Ashburton Picken''' (anayejulikana kitaaluma kama '''T. Picken''''; alizaliwa [[1818]] – [[Januari 23]], [[1891]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] wa rangi za maji, [[mchongaji]], na mchoraji picha wa [[Uingereza]] mzaliwa wa [[Uskoti]] aliyefanya kazi Uingereza. Alifanya kazi kwa kampuni ya uchapishaji ''Day and Haghe'' (baadaye ''Day & Son'').<ref>{{cite web |title=Traditional stories of old families and legendary illustrations of family history |url=ht...' 1549899 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thomas Ashburton Picken''' (anayejulikana kitaaluma kama '''T. Picken''''; alizaliwa [[1818]] – [[Januari 23]], [[1891]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] wa rangi za maji, [[mchongaji]], na mchoraji picha wa [[Uingereza]] mzaliwa wa [[Uskoti]] aliyefanya kazi Uingereza. Alifanya kazi kwa kampuni ya uchapishaji ''Day and Haghe'' (baadaye ''Day & Son'').<ref>{{cite web |title=Traditional stories of old families and legendary illustrations of family history |url=https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/006955320 |website=catalog.hathitrust.org/ |publisher=Haithi Trust |access-date=2 January 2021}}</ref><ref name="Royle1984">{{cite book|author=Trevor Royle|title=Macmillan Companion to Scottish Literature|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SDJdDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA236|year=1984|publisher=Macmillan International Higher Education|isbn=978-1-349-07587-4|page=236|chapter=Picken, Andrew}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachongaji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1818]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1891]] 4eud5dtuatnqybiypz2zbjokawrtaxt Peter Andrew Jones 0 238439 1549904 2026-05-24T16:42:42Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Peter Andrew Jones''' (alizaliwa [[Desemba 14]], [[1951]]) ni [[msanii]] na [[mchoraji]] picha wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye ametoa idadi kubwa ya vielelezo vya aina za michoro ya sayansi ya kubuniwa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Summary Bibliography: Peter Jones |url=http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/ea.cgi?26758 |access-date=18 July 2018 |website=www.isfdb.org}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1951]...' 1549904 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Peter Andrew Jones''' (alizaliwa [[Desemba 14]], [[1951]]) ni [[msanii]] na [[mchoraji]] picha wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye ametoa idadi kubwa ya vielelezo vya aina za michoro ya sayansi ya kubuniwa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Summary Bibliography: Peter Jones |url=http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/ea.cgi?26758 |access-date=18 July 2018 |website=www.isfdb.org}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1951]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] nlg5nzhh8fkg9ricljjhj9w4n3tbqk3 1550014 1549904 2026-05-24T20:29:31Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1550014 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Peter Andrew Jones''' (alizaliwa [[Desemba 14]], [[1951]]) ni [[msanii]] na [[mchoraji]] picha wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye ametoa idadi kubwa ya vielelezo vya aina za michoro ya sayansi ya kubuniwa.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Summary Bibliography: Peter Jones |url=http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/ea.cgi?26758 |access-date=18 July 2018 |website=www.isfdb.org}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1951]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 9aia6hsd75fn7rbyraokd2brn7367zv Alfred Garth Jones 0 238440 1549907 2026-05-24T16:46:12Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Alfred Garth Jones''' ([[Agosti 10]], [[1872]] – [[Julai 6]], [[1955]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] na [[mchoraji]] picha wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye alifanya kazi hasa katika michoro ya mbao , michoro ya kalamu na wino, na michoro iliyotumia rangi za maji.<ref>[http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/benz/9780199773787.article.B00095538?rskey=2Ymb0x&result=4 Benezit Dictionary of Artists]</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uinge...' 1549907 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alfred Garth Jones''' ([[Agosti 10]], [[1872]] – [[Julai 6]], [[1955]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] na [[mchoraji]] picha wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye alifanya kazi hasa katika michoro ya mbao , michoro ya kalamu na wino, na michoro iliyotumia rangi za maji.<ref>[http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/benz/9780199773787.article.B00095538?rskey=2Ymb0x&result=4 Benezit Dictionary of Artists]</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1872]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1955]] p4t52oabmi9ybcdswtjgatzqjffe1d5 Fred T. Jane 0 238441 1549909 2026-05-24T16:50:06Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''John Fredrick Thomas Jane''' ([[Agosti 6]], [[1865]] – [[Machi 8]], [[1916]]) alikuwa [[mwandishi]], [[msanii]], mchezaji wa michezo ya vita, na mhariri mwanzilishi wa ''All the World's Fighting Ships'' (''Jane's Fighting Ships'') na ''All the World's Airships'' nchini [[Uingereza]]. Alianzisha Jane's Information Group na kuwa mchapishaji wa kumbukumbu za kijeshi na usafiri.<ref name=":0">{{cite book |last=Brooks |first=Richard |date=1997 |title=Fred...' 1549909 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Fredrick Thomas Jane''' ([[Agosti 6]], [[1865]] – [[Machi 8]], [[1916]]) alikuwa [[mwandishi]], [[msanii]], mchezaji wa michezo ya vita, na mhariri mwanzilishi wa ''All the World's Fighting Ships'' (''Jane's Fighting Ships'') na ''All the World's Airships'' nchini [[Uingereza]]. Alianzisha Jane's Information Group na kuwa mchapishaji wa kumbukumbu za kijeshi na usafiri.<ref name=":0">{{cite book |last=Brooks |first=Richard |date=1997 |title=Fred T. Jane: an Eccentric Visionary |publisher=Jane’s Information Group |location=London |isbn=9780710617514 |pages=193–194}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1865]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1916]] pefv3r1gx3ft9qlckeqkezjnt4sovmz Curtis Jobling 0 238442 1549912 2026-05-24T16:57:41Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Curtis Jobling''' (alizaliwa [[Februari 14]], [[1972]]) ni [[msanii]], [[Uhaishaji|mhuishaji]], na [[mwandishi]] wa [[Uingereza]]. Alikuwa mbunifu wa awali wa uzalishaji wa toleo la stop-motion puppet la kipindi cha watoto cha ''Bob the Builder''. Pia ni mwandishi na mchoraji picha wa vitabu vya watoto. Alisaini mkataba wa vitabu viwili na Puffin Books kwa mfululizo wake wa hadithi za kutisha za vijana unaoitwa ''Wereworld''. Alitengeneza pia kipindi ch...' 1549912 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Curtis Jobling''' (alizaliwa [[Februari 14]], [[1972]]) ni [[msanii]], [[Uhaishaji|mhuishaji]], na [[mwandishi]] wa [[Uingereza]]. Alikuwa mbunifu wa awali wa uzalishaji wa toleo la stop-motion puppet la kipindi cha watoto cha ''Bob the Builder''. Pia ni mwandishi na mchoraji picha wa vitabu vya watoto. Alisaini mkataba wa vitabu viwili na Puffin Books kwa mfululizo wake wa hadithi za kutisha za vijana unaoitwa ''Wereworld''. Alitengeneza pia kipindi cha ''Raa Raa the Noisy Lion'' kwa [[CBeebies]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.macclesfield-express.co.uk/incoming/macclesfield-7351609 |title=Bob the Builder writer gives pupils a story-telling masterclass|date=July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://badablingthing.blogspot.co.uk/2015/09/world-of-warriors-new-hero-tour.html |title=World of Warriors - A NEW HERO - Tour|date=10 September 2015}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1972]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] gl16hhxdrhgfchk9dh3j9v5qdvscmbe Kitty Lee Jenner 0 238443 1549917 2026-05-24T17:11:16Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Kitty Lee Jenner''' (jina la kuzaliwa '''Katharine Lee Rawlings'''; [[Septemba 12]], [[1853]] – [[Oktoba 21]], [[1936]]) alikuwa [[msanii]], bard, na [[mwandishi]] wa [[Uingereza]] mwenye asili ya [[Cornwall]] ambaye alisaidia kuanzisha [[Cornish Gorsedh]]. Alichapisha riwaya sita kwa jina la '''Katharine Lee''', pamoja na vitabu juu ya ishara za Kikristo. Aliolewa na [[Henry Jenner]] mwaka [[1877]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kent |first=Alan |title='Wive...' 1549917 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kitty Lee Jenner''' (jina la kuzaliwa '''Katharine Lee Rawlings'''; [[Septemba 12]], [[1853]] – [[Oktoba 21]], [[1936]]) alikuwa [[msanii]], bard, na [[mwandishi]] wa [[Uingereza]] mwenye asili ya [[Cornwall]] ambaye alisaidia kuanzisha [[Cornish Gorsedh]]. Alichapisha riwaya sita kwa jina la '''Katharine Lee''', pamoja na vitabu juu ya ishara za Kikristo. Aliolewa na [[Henry Jenner]] mwaka [[1877]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kent |first=Alan |title='Wives, Mothers and Sisters': Feminism, Literature and Women Writers in Cornwall |publisher=The Patten Press |year=1998 |isbn=1872229336 |location=Penzance, Cornwall |pages=24 |language=En}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Ellis |first=P. Berresford |title=The Cornish Language and its Literature |publisher=Routledge & Kegan Paul |isbn=978-0710079282 |location=London |publication-date=1 January 1974 |pages=144 |language=En}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Ellis |first=P. Berresford |title=The Story of the Cornish Language |publisher=Tor Mark Press |isbn=978-0850253719 |location=Penryn, Cornwall |publication-date=1 March 1998 |pages=23 |language=En}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1853]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1936]] osa77hf37p01dfb93hgl89a5ggh4ru7 1549933 1549917 2026-05-24T18:01:21Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 3 template(s) replaced. 1549933 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kitty Lee Jenner''' (jina la kuzaliwa '''Katharine Lee Rawlings'''; [[Septemba 12]], [[1853]] – [[Oktoba 21]], [[1936]]) alikuwa [[msanii]], bard, na [[mwandishi]] wa [[Uingereza]] mwenye asili ya [[Cornwall]] ambaye alisaidia kuanzisha [[Cornish Gorsedh]]. Alichapisha riwaya sita kwa jina la '''Katharine Lee''', pamoja na vitabu juu ya ishara za Kikristo. Aliolewa na [[Henry Jenner]] mwaka [[1877]].<ref>{{Rejea kitabu |last=Kent |first=Alan |title='Wives, Mothers and Sisters': Feminism, Literature and Women Writers in Cornwall |publisher=The Patten Press |year=1998 |isbn=1872229336 |location=Penzance, Cornwall |pages=24 |language=En}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea kitabu |last=Ellis |first=P. Berresford |title=The Cornish Language and its Literature |publisher=Routledge & Kegan Paul |isbn=978-0710079282 |location=London |publication-date=1 January 1974 |pages=144 |language=En}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea kitabu |last=Ellis |first=P. Berresford |title=The Story of the Cornish Language |publisher=Tor Mark Press |isbn=978-0850253719 |location=Penryn, Cornwall |publication-date=1 March 1998 |pages=23 |language=En}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1853]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1936]] 90lkkiyma3eu9lb1b8pojo992v1zxcm Mick Inkpen 0 238444 1549920 2026-05-24T17:14:53Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mick Inkpen''' (alizaliwa [[Desemba 22]], [[1952]]) ni [[mwandishi]] na [[mchoraji]] picha wa [[Uingereza]]. Anajulikana zaidi kwa ubunifu wake wa ''Kipper the Dog'' na ''Wibbly Pig''. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://booksforkeeps.co.uk/issue/107/childrens-books/articles/authorgraph/authorgraph-no107-mick-inkpen|title=Children's Books - Articles - Authorgraph No.107: Mick Inkpen {{!}} BfK No. 107|website=booksforkeeps.co.uk|access-date=2016-11-20}}...' 1549920 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mick Inkpen''' (alizaliwa [[Desemba 22]], [[1952]]) ni [[mwandishi]] na [[mchoraji]] picha wa [[Uingereza]]. Anajulikana zaidi kwa ubunifu wake wa ''Kipper the Dog'' na ''Wibbly Pig''. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://booksforkeeps.co.uk/issue/107/childrens-books/articles/authorgraph/authorgraph-no107-mick-inkpen|title=Children's Books - Articles - Authorgraph No.107: Mick Inkpen {{!}} BfK No. 107|website=booksforkeeps.co.uk|access-date=2016-11-20}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 1r34xu0ioz4f9izhd9uo4wf5ntzk5rr 1549971 1549920 2026-05-24T18:55:49Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1549971 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mick Inkpen''' (alizaliwa [[Desemba 22]], [[1952]]) ni [[mwandishi]] na [[mchoraji]] picha wa [[Uingereza]]. Anajulikana zaidi kwa ubunifu wake wa ''Kipper the Dog'' na ''Wibbly Pig''. <ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://booksforkeeps.co.uk/issue/107/childrens-books/articles/authorgraph/authorgraph-no107-mick-inkpen|title=Children's Books - Articles - Authorgraph No.107: Mick Inkpen {{!}} BfK No. 107|website=booksforkeeps.co.uk|access-date=2016-11-20}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] m13f7wto3az7tcgj2nxz5jjs4l130hq Laurence Housman 0 238445 1549924 2026-05-24T17:19:31Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Laurence Housman''' ([[Julai 18]], [[1865]] – [[Februari 20]], [[1959]]) alikuwa [[mwandishi]] wa tamthilia, na [[mchoraji]] picha wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye taaluma yake ilienea kutoka miaka ya [[1890]] hadi [[1950]]. Alisomea sanaa [[London]] na alifanya kazi kama mchoraji picha wakati wa miaka ya kwanza ya taaluma yake, kabla ya kuhamia katika uandishi. Alikuwa mdogo wa mshairi [[A. E. Housman]] na dada yake [[Clemence Housman]].<ref>{{cite web |url=...' 1549924 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Laurence Housman''' ([[Julai 18]], [[1865]] – [[Februari 20]], [[1959]]) alikuwa [[mwandishi]] wa tamthilia, na [[mchoraji]] picha wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye taaluma yake ilienea kutoka miaka ya [[1890]] hadi [[1950]]. Alisomea sanaa [[London]] na alifanya kazi kama mchoraji picha wakati wa miaka ya kwanza ya taaluma yake, kabla ya kuhamia katika uandishi. Alikuwa mdogo wa mshairi [[A. E. Housman]] na dada yake [[Clemence Housman]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Laurence-Housman |title=Laurence Housman |website=Britannica |access-date=March 13, 2021}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1865]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1959]] jyqtacv3aqyms3wbjjhv7fp3g9rakvt John Callcott Horsley 0 238446 1549927 2026-05-24T17:25:57Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''John Callcott Horsley''' ([[Januari 29]], [[1817]] – [[Oktoba 18]], [[1903]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] wa kitaaluma nchini [[Uingereza]] wa picha za kihistoria, mchoraji picha, na mbunifu wa kadi ya kwanza ya Krismasi. Mwaka [[1843]], alibuni kadi ya kwanza kabisa ya [[Krismasi]], iliyoagizwa na [[Henry Cole]]. Alikuwa mwanachama wa koloni la wasanii la [[Cranbrook]].<ref name="ReferenceA">The Cranbrook Colony: Fresh Perspectives, Wolverhampton Art Galler...' 1549927 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Callcott Horsley''' ([[Januari 29]], [[1817]] – [[Oktoba 18]], [[1903]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] wa kitaaluma nchini [[Uingereza]] wa picha za kihistoria, mchoraji picha, na mbunifu wa kadi ya kwanza ya Krismasi. Mwaka [[1843]], alibuni kadi ya kwanza kabisa ya [[Krismasi]], iliyoagizwa na [[Henry Cole]]. Alikuwa mwanachama wa koloni la wasanii la [[Cranbrook]].<ref name="ReferenceA">The Cranbrook Colony: Fresh Perspectives, Wolverhampton Art Gallery, 2010</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1817]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1903]] 1ky2rj5de67ewy3a2ugyv7hk4sbrtxl Gordon Home 0 238447 1549928 2026-05-24T17:28:59Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Gordon Cochrane Home''' ([[Julai 25]], [[1878]] – [[Desemba 13]], [[1969]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] wa picha za mandhari, [[mwandishi]], na [[mchoraji]] picha wa [[Uingereza]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1878]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1969]]' 1549928 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gordon Cochrane Home''' ([[Julai 25]], [[1878]] – [[Desemba 13]], [[1969]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] wa picha za mandhari, [[mwandishi]], na [[mchoraji]] picha wa [[Uingereza]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1878]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1969]] ikar4pyjmcudlup694269qqq4cw2met A. E. Holt White 0 238448 1549930 2026-05-24T17:33:24Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''A. E. Holt White''' (jina la kuzaliwa '''Agnes Edith Fooks'''; [[1851]] – [[Februari 2]], [[1933]]) alikuwa [[mwandishi]] na [[mchoraji]] picha nchini [[Uingereza]] wa hadithi za ukweli, na Mwanachama wa ''Royal Horticultural Society''. Alikuwa mwandishi na mchoraji picha wa ''The butterflies and moths of Teneriffe'' ([[1894]]), kazi iliyohaririwa na mumewe, [[Rashleigh Holt-White]].<ref name="Barrett1893">{{cite book |last1=Barrett |first1=Charles Go...' 1549930 wikitext text/x-wiki '''A. E. Holt White''' (jina la kuzaliwa '''Agnes Edith Fooks'''; [[1851]] – [[Februari 2]], [[1933]]) alikuwa [[mwandishi]] na [[mchoraji]] picha nchini [[Uingereza]] wa hadithi za ukweli, na Mwanachama wa ''Royal Horticultural Society''. Alikuwa mwandishi na mchoraji picha wa ''The butterflies and moths of Teneriffe'' ([[1894]]), kazi iliyohaririwa na mumewe, [[Rashleigh Holt-White]].<ref name="Barrett1893">{{cite book |last1=Barrett |first1=Charles Golding |title=The Lepidoptera of the British Islands: Heterocera, sphinges, bombyces |year=1893 |publisher=L. Reeve |page=160 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P-FaAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA160 |access-date=23 September 2024 |language=en |edition=Public domain}}</ref><ref name="Catalogue1926">{{cite book |title=Catalogue of Important Zoological and Geological Works |date=February 1926 |publisher=Dulau & Co., Ltd. |location=London |page=2 |volume=136 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8ltpKfemSRoC&pg=RA5-PA2 |access-date=23 September 2024 |language=en |edition=Public domain}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1851]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1933]] 2bzrgensvm858ic58fzqptccehnx1h2 Reginald Knowles 0 238449 1549932 2026-05-24T17:59:35Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Reginald Lionel Knowles''' ([[1879]] – [[1950]]) alikuwa mbunifu wa vitabu na [[mchoraji]] picha wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye alifanya kazi na kaka yake, [[Horace Knowles]], kwenye vitabu kadhaa vyenye michoro katika miongo miwili ya kwanza ya karne ya 20, ikiwemo ''Legends from Fairy Land'' ([[1907]]), ''Norse Fairy Tales'' ([[1910]]) na ''Old World Love-Stories'' ([[1913]]).<ref name=":0">{{cite book |title=Legends From Fairyland |last=Lee |first=Holme...' 1549932 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Reginald Lionel Knowles''' ([[1879]] – [[1950]]) alikuwa mbunifu wa vitabu na [[mchoraji]] picha wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye alifanya kazi na kaka yake, [[Horace Knowles]], kwenye vitabu kadhaa vyenye michoro katika miongo miwili ya kwanza ya karne ya 20, ikiwemo ''Legends from Fairy Land'' ([[1907]]), ''Norse Fairy Tales'' ([[1910]]) na ''Old World Love-Stories'' ([[1913]]).<ref name=":0">{{cite book |title=Legends From Fairyland |last=Lee |first=Holme |publisher=Crescent |others=Illustrated by Reginald Knowles and Horace J. Knowles |year=1907 |isbn=0-517-66214-0}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1879]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1950]] 7cbcr8k7oxintchatwco53lj084h3e0 Edward Kluz 0 238450 1549936 2026-05-24T18:07:28Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ed Kluz''' (alizaliwa [[Agosti 19]], [[1980]]) ni [[msanii]] wa [[Uingereza]]. Kazi yake inachunguza uhusiano wetu na zamani kupitia dhana za romantiki ya Kiingereza. Anajulikana kwa michoro yake ya kina ya majengo ya kihistoria na mandhari.<ref name=fine>{{citation|title=Favorite|author=David Masello|volume=November/December 2017|work=Fine Art Connoisseur|year=2017|page=96}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/news/the-yorkshire-ar...' 1549936 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ed Kluz''' (alizaliwa [[Agosti 19]], [[1980]]) ni [[msanii]] wa [[Uingereza]]. Kazi yake inachunguza uhusiano wetu na zamani kupitia dhana za romantiki ya Kiingereza. Anajulikana kwa michoro yake ya kina ya majengo ya kihistoria na mandhari.<ref name=fine>{{citation|title=Favorite|author=David Masello|volume=November/December 2017|work=Fine Art Connoisseur|year=2017|page=96}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/news/the-yorkshire-artist-and-printmaker-celebrating-a-double-first-1-8839172|title=The Yorkshire artist and printmaker celebrating a double first|publisher=}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1980]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] l3yauf14h33ogv66imv2hye0zxrqa9s 1550251 1549936 2026-05-25T10:11:44Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550251 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ed Kluz''' (alizaliwa [[Agosti 19]], [[1980]]) ni [[msanii]] wa [[Uingereza]]. Kazi yake inachunguza uhusiano wetu na zamani kupitia dhana za romantiki ya Kiingereza. Anajulikana kwa michoro yake ya kina ya majengo ya kihistoria na mandhari.<ref name=fine>{{citation|title=Favorite|author=David Masello|volume=November/December 2017|work=Fine Art Connoisseur|year=2017|page=96}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/news/the-yorkshire-artist-and-printmaker-celebrating-a-double-first-1-8839172|title=The Yorkshire artist and printmaker celebrating a double first|publisher=|accessdate=2026-05-24|archive-date=2019-04-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402015040/https://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/news/the-yorkshire-artist-and-printmaker-celebrating-a-double-first-1-8839172|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1980]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] osz4i3qaznacg8zt4pce3tm4ikrb49l John Lockwood Kipling 0 238451 1549938 2026-05-24T18:09:48Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''John Lockwood Kipling''' ([[Julai 6]], [[1837]] – [[Januari 26]], [[1911]]) alikuwa mwalimu wa sanaa, [[mchoraji]] picha, na msimamizi wa makumbusho nchini [[Uingereza]] ambaye alitumia sehemu kubwa ya taaluma yake nchini [[Uhindi]]. Alikuwa baba wa mwandishi [[Rudyard Kipling]].<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/1892/01/24/archives/new-publications-animal-life-in-india-beast-and-man-in-india-a.html John Lockwood Kipling, C.I.E.] ''[[New York Times]]'', 24...' 1549938 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Lockwood Kipling''' ([[Julai 6]], [[1837]] – [[Januari 26]], [[1911]]) alikuwa mwalimu wa sanaa, [[mchoraji]] picha, na msimamizi wa makumbusho nchini [[Uingereza]] ambaye alitumia sehemu kubwa ya taaluma yake nchini [[Uhindi]]. Alikuwa baba wa mwandishi [[Rudyard Kipling]].<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/1892/01/24/archives/new-publications-animal-life-in-india-beast-and-man-in-india-a.html John Lockwood Kipling, C.I.E.] ''[[New York Times]]'', 24 January 1892.</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1837]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1911]] dciq1ggqe80xsvcavat8r1xcblcakbc Martin Tore Bjørndal 0 238452 1549941 2026-05-24T18:14:04Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Martin Tore Bjørndal''' (27 Aprili 1944 – 11 Aprili 2015) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia wa [[Norwei]]. Alizaliwa mjini Ulsteinvik.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|year=|title=Martin Tore Bjørndal|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|publisher=|location=|url=[http://www.snl.no/Martin_Tore_Bjørndal|language=Norwegian|accessdate=26](http://www.snl.no/Martin_Tore_Bjørndal|language=Norwegian|accessdate=26) April 2015}}</ref> Alihitimu kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Oslo a...' 1549941 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Martin Tore Bjørndal''' (27 Aprili 1944 – 11 Aprili 2015) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia wa [[Norwei]]. Alizaliwa mjini Ulsteinvik.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|year=|title=Martin Tore Bjørndal|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|publisher=|location=|url=[http://www.snl.no/Martin_Tore_Bjørndal|language=Norwegian|accessdate=26](http://www.snl.no/Martin_Tore_Bjørndal|language=Norwegian|accessdate=26) April 2015}}</ref> Alihitimu kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Oslo akiwa na shahada ya cand.philol. mwaka 1972, na alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norwei mwaka 1973. Aliwahi kuwa balozi wa Norway nchini [[Chile]] kabla ya kurejea katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje.<ref>{{cite news|title=Jubilanter|date=27 April 2004|work=[[Aftenposten]]|language=Norwegian}}</ref> Mwaka 1999 alitunukiwa cheo cha Knight wa Royal Norwegian Order of Merit.<ref>{{cite news|title=Nytt ordensdryss i UD|last=Andreassen|first=Thorleif|date=31 August 1999|work=Aftenposten|page=14|language=Norwegian}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1944|2015}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] qjvwxyjn2879euwnrurt7su7h28qcoc Paul Kidby 0 238453 1549942 2026-05-24T18:15:02Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Paul Kidby''' (alizaliwa [[1964]]) ni [[msanii]] wa [[Uingereza]], anayejulikana zaidi kwa sanaa yake inayotegemea mfululizo wa Terry Pratchett wa riwaya za hadithi za kufikirika za ''Discworld''. Kidby aliunda majalada ya sleeve tangu mchoraji wa awali wa Pratchett, [[Josh Kirby]], alipofariki mwaka [[2001]].<ref name=guardianartist>Alison Flood (18 August 2016) [https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/aug/18/terry-pratchett-artist-illustrating-discworl...' 1549942 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Paul Kidby''' (alizaliwa [[1964]]) ni [[msanii]] wa [[Uingereza]], anayejulikana zaidi kwa sanaa yake inayotegemea mfululizo wa Terry Pratchett wa riwaya za hadithi za kufikirika za ''Discworld''. Kidby aliunda majalada ya sleeve tangu mchoraji wa awali wa Pratchett, [[Josh Kirby]], alipofariki mwaka [[2001]].<ref name=guardianartist>Alison Flood (18 August 2016) [https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/aug/18/terry-pratchett-artist-illustrating-discworld-colouring-book "Terry Pratchett's 'artist of choice' on illustrating Discworld"], ''The Guardian''. Retrieved 29 January 2016.</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1964]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] rtnv61kctlto43nipz3xakigap28mdv John Bjørnebye 0 238454 1549943 2026-05-24T18:17:30Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''John Bjørnebye''' (12 Januari 1941 – 3 Mei 2017) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norwei]]. == Maisha na Kazi == Alizaliwa mjini Tromsø, na alipata elimu ya shahada ya cand.philol.. Alianza kufanya kazi katika Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs mwaka 1970. Kuanzia 1989 hadi 1994 alikuwa balozi mdogo mkuu (consul-general) wa Norway mjini New York City. Baadaye alihudumu kama balozi wa Norway nchini Japan kuanzia 1994 hadi 1999. Baada ya kufanya...' 1549943 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Bjørnebye''' (12 Januari 1941 – 3 Mei 2017) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norwei]]. == Maisha na Kazi == Alizaliwa mjini Tromsø, na alipata elimu ya shahada ya cand.philol.. Alianza kufanya kazi katika Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs mwaka 1970. Kuanzia 1989 hadi 1994 alikuwa balozi mdogo mkuu (consul-general) wa Norway mjini New York City. Baadaye alihudumu kama balozi wa Norway nchini Japan kuanzia 1994 hadi 1999. Baada ya kufanya kazi kwa miaka miwili katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje, aliteuliwa kuwa balozi wa Norway nchini Belgium kuanzia 2001 hadi 2006.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|title=John Bjørnebye|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|url=[http://www.snl.no/John_Bj%C3%B8rnebye|language=Norwegian}}](http://www.snl.no/John_Bj%C3%B8rnebye|language=Norwegian}})</ref> Bjørnebye alifariki dunia tarehe 3 Mei 2017 akiwa na umri wa miaka 76.<ref>{{Cite news|url=[http://www.aftenposten.no/personalia/Nekrolog-John-Bjornebye-621037b.html|title=Nekrolog](http://www.aftenposten.no/personalia/Nekrolog-John-Bjornebye-621037b.html|title=Nekrolog): John Bjørnebye|date=11 May 2017|work=Aftenposten|language=no}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1941|2017}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] asoqir71mu2m8ot38o6x423p48wj6le 1550048 1549943 2026-05-24T22:20:51Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1550048 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Bjørnebye''' (12 Januari 1941 – 3 Mei 2017) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norwei]]. == Maisha na Kazi == Alizaliwa mjini Tromsø, na alipata elimu ya shahada ya cand.philol.. Alianza kufanya kazi katika Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs mwaka 1970. Kuanzia 1989 hadi 1994 alikuwa balozi mdogo mkuu (consul-general) wa Norway mjini New York City. Baadaye alihudumu kama balozi wa Norway nchini Japan kuanzia 1994 hadi 1999. Baada ya kufanya kazi kwa miaka miwili katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje, aliteuliwa kuwa balozi wa Norway nchini Belgium kuanzia 2001 hadi 2006.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|title=John Bjørnebye|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|url=[http://www.snl.no/John_Bj%C3%B8rnebye|language=Norwegian}}](http://www.snl.no/John_Bj%C3%B8rnebye|language=Norwegian}})</ref> Bjørnebye alifariki dunia tarehe 3 Mei 2017 akiwa na umri wa miaka 76.<ref>{{Rejea habari|url=[http://www.aftenposten.no/personalia/Nekrolog-John-Bjornebye-621037b.html|title=Nekrolog](http://www.aftenposten.no/personalia/Nekrolog-John-Bjornebye-621037b.html|title=Nekrolog): John Bjørnebye|date=11 May 2017|work=Aftenposten|language=no}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1941|2017}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] j5ti6ypc301hzof5gqpf2ky77rd8x31 Bjørn Blakstad 0 238455 1549947 2026-05-24T18:24:30Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bjørn Blakstad''' (9 Januari 1926 – 11 Julai 2012) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia wa [[Norwei]]. Alizaliwa mjini Hisøy, na alipata elimu ya shahada ya Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria. Alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norwei mwaka 1952. Mwaka 1973 aliteuliwa kuwa naibu katibu mkuu katika wizara hiyo. Baadaye alihudumu kama balozi wa Norway nchini [[Japani]] kuanzia mwaka 1976 hadi 1981, nchini [[Uhispania]] kuanzia 1981 hadi 1988, na nch...' 1549947 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bjørn Blakstad''' (9 Januari 1926 – 11 Julai 2012) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia wa [[Norwei]]. Alizaliwa mjini Hisøy, na alipata elimu ya shahada ya Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria. Alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norwei mwaka 1952. Mwaka 1973 aliteuliwa kuwa naibu katibu mkuu katika wizara hiyo. Baadaye alihudumu kama balozi wa Norway nchini [[Japani]] kuanzia mwaka 1976 hadi 1981, nchini [[Uhispania]] kuanzia 1981 hadi 1988, na nchini [[Uholanzi]] kuanzia 1988 hadi 1994. Alifariki mwezi Julai 2012 mjini Arendal.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Bjørn Blakstad|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|url=[http://snl.no/Bj%C3%B8rn%20Blakstad|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130222203249/http://snl.no/Bj%C3%B8rn%20Blakstad|url-status=dead|archive-date=22](http://snl.no/Bj%C3%B8rn%20Blakstad|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130222203249/http://snl.no/Bj%C3%B8rn%20Blakstad|url-status=dead|archive-date=22) February 2013|language=Norwegian|accessdate=24 July 2012}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1926|2012}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] oefyne4d5bnafcub54ji9oyey3cavgl Sigurd Bødtker 0 238456 1549949 2026-05-24T18:27:42Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sigurd Bødtker''' (2 Februari 1866 – 6 Machi 1928) alikuwa mkosoaji wa tamthilia kutoka [[Norwei]]. == Maisha binafsi == Alizaliwa mjini Trondheim akiwa mwana wa daktari Fredrik Waldemar Bødtker (1824–1901) na Sophie Jenssen (1830–1898).<ref name=nbl>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Sigurd Bødtker|encyclopedia=[[Norsk biografisk leksikon]]|first=Lise|last=Lyche|editor=Helle, Knut|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|url=[http://www.snl.no/.nbl_b...' 1549949 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sigurd Bødtker''' (2 Februari 1866 – 6 Machi 1928) alikuwa mkosoaji wa tamthilia kutoka [[Norwei]]. == Maisha binafsi == Alizaliwa mjini Trondheim akiwa mwana wa daktari Fredrik Waldemar Bødtker (1824–1901) na Sophie Jenssen (1830–1898).<ref name=nbl>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Sigurd Bødtker|encyclopedia=[[Norsk biografisk leksikon]]|first=Lise|last=Lyche|editor=Helle, Knut|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|url=[http://www.snl.no/.nbl_biografi/Sigurd_B%C3%B8dtker/utdypning|language=Norwegian}}](http://www.snl.no/.nbl_biografi/Sigurd_B%C3%B8dtker/utdypning|language=Norwegian}})</ref> Alikuwa ndugu wa mwanakemia Eyvind Bødtker. Pia alikuwa binamu wa maafisa na viongozi mbalimbali wa Norway, akiwemo Carl Fredrik Johannes Bødtker, Ragnvald Bødtker na Eivind Bødtker.<ref name=snl2>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Bødtker|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|first=Terje|last=Bratberg|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|url=[http://www.snl.no/B%C3%B8dtker|language=Norwegian}}](http://www.snl.no/B%C3%B8dtker|language=Norwegian}})</ref> Kupitia upande wa mama yake, alikuwa mjukuu wa Matz Jenssen na alikuwa na uhusiano wa kifamilia na watu wengine mashuhuri wa familia ya Jenssen, wakiwemo Jens Nicolai Jenssen, Hans Peter Jenssen, Sr. na Lauritz Dorenfeldt Jenssen.<ref name=snl3>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Jenssen|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|first=Terje|last=Bratberg|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|url=[http://www.snl.no/Jenssen|language=Norwegian}}](http://www.snl.no/Jenssen|language=Norwegian}})</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1866|1928}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] tgylomco0x9w3dfuqelufsv0kb3mmcu Nils Bølset 0 238457 1549951 2026-05-24T18:30:57Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Nils Bølset''' (23 Julai 1928 – 18 Agosti 2015) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norwei]]. == Maisha na Kazi == Alizaliwa katika Veøy Municipality, na alipata elimu ya sheria ya cand.jur.. Alianza kufanya kazi katika Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs mwaka 1954. Kuanzia 1979 hadi 1985 alihudumu katika ubalozi wa Norway nchini Ujerumani Magharibi. Katika miaka mitatu iliyofuata alirejea Norway na kufanya kazi kama mshauri maalumu katika Wizara...' 1549951 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nils Bølset''' (23 Julai 1928 – 18 Agosti 2015) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norwei]]. == Maisha na Kazi == Alizaliwa katika Veøy Municipality, na alipata elimu ya sheria ya cand.jur.. Alianza kufanya kazi katika Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs mwaka 1954. Kuanzia 1979 hadi 1985 alihudumu katika ubalozi wa Norway nchini Ujerumani Magharibi. Katika miaka mitatu iliyofuata alirejea Norway na kufanya kazi kama mshauri maalumu katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje. Baadaye alikuwa balozi wa Norway nchini Turkey kuanzia 1989 hadi 1992, na nchini Australia kuanzia 1992 hadi 1998. Baada ya hapo aliendelea kufanya kazi kama mshauri wa sheria hadi mwisho wa maisha yake. Alifariki dunia Agosti 2015 katika Asker Municipality.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Nils Bølset|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|url=[https://snl.no/Nils_B%C3%B8lset|language=Norwegian}}](https://snl.no/Nils_B%C3%B8lset|language=Norwegian}})</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bolset, Nils}} {{BD|1928|2015}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 8gdoa5ueygmn2wen20ou8pqq7ehh3k5 Tore Bøgh 0 238458 1549953 2026-05-24T18:34:13Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Tore Bøgh''' (2 Aprili 1924 – 2 Agosti 2017)<ref>[[https://www.aftenposten.no/personalia/i/520nK/Nekrolog-Tore-Bogh](https://www.aftenposten.no/personalia/i/520nK/Nekrolog-Tore-Bogh) Nekrolog: Tore Bøgh]</ref> alikuwa mtumishi wa umma na mwanadiplomasia wa [[Norwei]]. Alizaliwa mjini Kristiansand na aliajiriwa katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1950. Mwaka 1976 aliteuliwa kuwa naibu katibu mkuu katika wizara hiyo kabla ya kuhudumu kama b...' 1549953 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tore Bøgh''' (2 Aprili 1924 – 2 Agosti 2017)<ref>[[https://www.aftenposten.no/personalia/i/520nK/Nekrolog-Tore-Bogh](https://www.aftenposten.no/personalia/i/520nK/Nekrolog-Tore-Bogh) Nekrolog: Tore Bøgh]</ref> alikuwa mtumishi wa umma na mwanadiplomasia wa [[Norwei]]. Alizaliwa mjini Kristiansand na aliajiriwa katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1950. Mwaka 1976 aliteuliwa kuwa naibu katibu mkuu katika wizara hiyo kabla ya kuhudumu kama balozi wa Norway nchini Yugoslavia kuanzia mwaka 1980 hadi 1988, na nchini [[Ureno]] kuanzia 1988 hadi 1992.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|year=|title=Tore Bøgh|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|editor=|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|url=[http://www.snl.no/Tore_Bøgh|language=Norwegian|accessdate=8](http://www.snl.no/Tore_Bøgh|language=Norwegian|accessdate=8) February 2017}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1924|2017}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] j02ki527hiut815z8r7506t77eo53uz Boris Balmont 0 238459 1549954 2026-05-24T18:34:17Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Boris Vladimirovich Balmont''' (6 Oktoba 1927 – 16 Februari 2022) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi|Urusi.]] Alihudumu kama Waziri wa Viwanda vya Zana za Kimitambo na Mashine wa USSR kuanzia mwaka 1981 hadi 1986. Pia alikuwa mjumbe wa Ofisi ya Rais (Presidium) ya Chuo cha Urusi cha Sayansi ya Anga za Juu (Cosmonautics).<ref>[https://tass.ru/kosmos/13727017 Умер бывший первый замминистра ракетно-космической о...' 1549954 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Boris Vladimirovich Balmont''' (6 Oktoba 1927 – 16 Februari 2022) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi|Urusi.]] Alihudumu kama Waziri wa Viwanda vya Zana za Kimitambo na Mashine wa USSR kuanzia mwaka 1981 hadi 1986. Pia alikuwa mjumbe wa Ofisi ya Rais (Presidium) ya Chuo cha Urusi cha Sayansi ya Anga za Juu (Cosmonautics).<ref>[https://tass.ru/kosmos/13727017 Умер бывший первый замминистра ракетно-космической отрасли СССР Борис Бальмонт] {{in lang|ru}}</ref> Alifariki dunia mnamo tarehe 16 Februari 2022, akiwa na umri wa miaka 94.<ref>{{cite news |title=Умер бывший замминистра ракетно-космической отрасли СССР Борис Бальмонт |url=https://ria.ru/20220216/balmont-1773157413.html |access-date=16 February 2022 |publisher=Ria.ru |date=16 February 2022}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1927|2022}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] ns525vfjs2pc2sggw49w2aotr0x84jr E. J. Sullivan 0 238460 1549955 2026-05-24T18:35:03Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Edmund Joseph Sullivan''' ([[1869]] – [[1933]]), alikuwa [[mchoraji]] picha wa vitabu nchini [[Uingereza]] ambaye alifanya kazi kwa mtindo uliounganisha mila ya Uingereza ya uchoraji picha kutoka miaka ya 1860 na vipengele vya Art Nouveau.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.chrisbeetles.com/artist/175/edmund-joseph-sullivan-rws-re-is|title=Edmund Joseph Sullivan RWS RE IS (1869-1933)|website=Chris Beetles Gallery|accessdate=11 October 2024}}</ref> == Mar...' 1549955 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Edmund Joseph Sullivan''' ([[1869]] – [[1933]]), alikuwa [[mchoraji]] picha wa vitabu nchini [[Uingereza]] ambaye alifanya kazi kwa mtindo uliounganisha mila ya Uingereza ya uchoraji picha kutoka miaka ya 1860 na vipengele vya Art Nouveau.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.chrisbeetles.com/artist/175/edmund-joseph-sullivan-rws-re-is|title=Edmund Joseph Sullivan RWS RE IS (1869-1933)|website=Chris Beetles Gallery|accessdate=11 October 2024}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1869]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1933]] 1gltkzj7yic4bo1gr1ksg8jsbi5hrbm 1550038 1549955 2026-05-24T21:26:17Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1550038 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Edmund Joseph Sullivan''' ([[1869]] – [[1933]]), alikuwa [[mchoraji]] picha wa vitabu nchini [[Uingereza]] ambaye alifanya kazi kwa mtindo uliounganisha mila ya Uingereza ya uchoraji picha kutoka miaka ya 1860 na vipengele vya Art Nouveau.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.chrisbeetles.com/artist/175/edmund-joseph-sullivan-rws-re-is|title=Edmund Joseph Sullivan RWS RE IS (1869-1933)|website=Chris Beetles Gallery|accessdate=11 October 2024}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1869]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1933]] mw2hpxn41cdbrn75wk5ekphjbpoq4ss Olga Bas 0 238461 1549956 2026-05-24T18:36:54Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Olga Yevgenyevna Bas''' (kwa Kirusi: Ольга Евгеньевна Бас; alizaliwa 27 Februari 1964) ni mwanasiasa ambaye anahudumu kama seneta wa mamlaka ya kutunga sheria wa [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa Luhansk]] tanzu ya [[Urusi]] tangu tarehe 20 Desemba 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Структура |url=http://council.gov.ru/structure/persons/1637/ |access-date=2023-01-05 |website=Совет Федерации Федерального Собрания...' 1549956 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Olga Yevgenyevna Bas''' (kwa Kirusi: Ольга Евгеньевна Бас; alizaliwa 27 Februari 1964) ni mwanasiasa ambaye anahudumu kama seneta wa mamlaka ya kutunga sheria wa [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa Luhansk]] tanzu ya [[Urusi]] tangu tarehe 20 Desemba 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Структура |url=http://council.gov.ru/structure/persons/1637/ |access-date=2023-01-05 |website=Совет Федерации Федерального Собрания Российской Федерации |language=ru}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1964||}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] ijv95cd64dp4up10u602ckejyw1iel9 1550005 1549956 2026-05-24T20:13:56Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1550005 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Olga Yevgenyevna Bas''' (kwa Kirusi: Ольга Евгеньевна Бас; alizaliwa 27 Februari 1964) ni mwanasiasa ambaye anahudumu kama seneta wa mamlaka ya kutunga sheria wa [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa Luhansk]] tanzu ya [[Urusi]] tangu tarehe 20 Desemba 2022.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Структура |url=http://council.gov.ru/structure/persons/1637/ |access-date=2023-01-05 |website=Совет Федерации Федерального Собрания Российской Федерации |language=ru}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1964||}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] qu3innp4u87n1wuv67lm59yzdaztw8y Ketil Børde 0 238462 1549957 2026-05-24T18:37:48Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ketil Børde''' (3 Februari 1935 – 27 Februari 2022) alikuwa mtumishi wa umma na mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norwei]]. == Maisha na Kazi == Alizaliwa mjini Oslo. Alisomea sayansi ya siasa na aliajiriwa katika Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Norway) mwaka 1959. Mwaka 1981 aliteuliwa kuwa Naibu Katibu Mkuu katika wizara hiyo kabla ya kuwa balozi wa Norway nchini Switzerland kuanzia 1985 hadi 1989. Baada ya kufanya kazi kama mshauri maalumu katika Wizara ya...' 1549957 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ketil Børde''' (3 Februari 1935 – 27 Februari 2022) alikuwa mtumishi wa umma na mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norwei]]. == Maisha na Kazi == Alizaliwa mjini Oslo. Alisomea sayansi ya siasa na aliajiriwa katika Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Norway) mwaka 1959. Mwaka 1981 aliteuliwa kuwa Naibu Katibu Mkuu katika wizara hiyo kabla ya kuwa balozi wa Norway nchini Switzerland kuanzia 1985 hadi 1989. Baada ya kufanya kazi kama mshauri maalumu katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje kati ya 1991 hadi 1994, aliteuliwa kuwa balozi wa Norway nchini Sweden kuanzia 1994 hadi 2000.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Ketil Børde|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|url=[http://www.snl.no/Ketil_Børde|language=Norwegian}}](http://www.snl.no/Ketil_Børde|language=Norwegian}})</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1935|2022}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] ecx5qmfh4t5im668cunwiwj5sezwczi Aaron Gunn Pyle 0 238463 1549958 2026-05-24T18:38:10Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Aaron Gunn Pyle''' ([[Februari 19]], [[1909]] – [[Desemba 25]], [[1972]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] wa [[Marekani]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=Denney |first=James |date=November 3, 1968 |title=Aaron Pyle Painting the World He Knows Best |work=Sunday Omaha World-Herald Magazine of the Midlands |pages=20–21}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1909]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1972]]' 1549958 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aaron Gunn Pyle''' ([[Februari 19]], [[1909]] – [[Desemba 25]], [[1972]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] wa [[Marekani]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=Denney |first=James |date=November 3, 1968 |title=Aaron Pyle Painting the World He Knows Best |work=Sunday Omaha World-Herald Magazine of the Midlands |pages=20–21}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1909]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1972]] i06q1ecdo67pl5azhlo4od858dzzjrf Gunnar Bovim 0 238464 1549959 2026-05-24T18:40:46Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Gunnar Bovim''' (amezaliwa 2 Februari 1960) ni daktari na mtumishi wa umma wa [[Norwei]]. Alihudumu kama Rekta wa Chuo Kikuu cha Sayansi na Teknolojia cha Norway (NTNU) kuanzia tarehe 1 Agosti 2013 hadi 21 Agosti 2019. Baada ya hapo aliendelea kufanya kazi katika masuala ya sera yanayohusiana na elimu na utafiti katika NTNU na kuwa mshauri wa uongozi wa juu wa chuo hicho.<ref>{{Cite web|url=[https://www.ntnu.no/nyheter/gunnar-bovim-slutter-som-rektor-ve...' 1549959 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gunnar Bovim''' (amezaliwa 2 Februari 1960) ni daktari na mtumishi wa umma wa [[Norwei]]. Alihudumu kama Rekta wa Chuo Kikuu cha Sayansi na Teknolojia cha Norway (NTNU) kuanzia tarehe 1 Agosti 2013 hadi 21 Agosti 2019. Baada ya hapo aliendelea kufanya kazi katika masuala ya sera yanayohusiana na elimu na utafiti katika NTNU na kuwa mshauri wa uongozi wa juu wa chuo hicho.<ref>{{Cite web|url=[https://www.ntnu.no/nyheter/gunnar-bovim-slutter-som-rektor-ved-ntnu/|title=Gunnar](https://www.ntnu.no/nyheter/gunnar-bovim-slutter-som-rektor-ved-ntnu/|title=Gunnar) Bovim slutter som rektor ved NTNU|last=wenchemk|date=2019-08-16|website=NTNU Nyheter|language=nb-NO, en|access-date=2019-08-20|archive-date=2020-09-25|archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20200925080434/https://www.ntnu.no/nyheter/gunnar-bovim-slutter-som-rektor-ved-ntnu/|url-status=dead}}](https://web.archive.org/web/20200925080434/https://www.ntnu.no/nyheter/gunnar-bovim-slutter-som-rektor-ved-ntnu/|url-status=dead}})</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1960|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] qj2e2hrqxytoqtvfzl9z6ji17f1wjn6 1550047 1549959 2026-05-24T21:54:04Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1550047 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gunnar Bovim''' (amezaliwa 2 Februari 1960) ni daktari na mtumishi wa umma wa [[Norwei]]. Alihudumu kama Rekta wa Chuo Kikuu cha Sayansi na Teknolojia cha Norway (NTNU) kuanzia tarehe 1 Agosti 2013 hadi 21 Agosti 2019. Baada ya hapo aliendelea kufanya kazi katika masuala ya sera yanayohusiana na elimu na utafiti katika NTNU na kuwa mshauri wa uongozi wa juu wa chuo hicho.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=[https://www.ntnu.no/nyheter/gunnar-bovim-slutter-som-rektor-ved-ntnu/|title=Gunnar](https://www.ntnu.no/nyheter/gunnar-bovim-slutter-som-rektor-ved-ntnu/|title=Gunnar) Bovim slutter som rektor ved NTNU|last=wenchemk|date=2019-08-16|website=NTNU Nyheter|language=nb-NO, en|access-date=2019-08-20|archive-date=2020-09-25|archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20200925080434/https://www.ntnu.no/nyheter/gunnar-bovim-slutter-som-rektor-ved-ntnu/|url-status=dead}}](https://web.archive.org/web/20200925080434/https://www.ntnu.no/nyheter/gunnar-bovim-slutter-som-rektor-ved-ntnu/|url-status=dead}})</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1960|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] d6xh919h6vuk54pw5y9fiz95mtl5fnj Alexander Bastrykin 0 238465 1549960 2026-05-24T18:41:18Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Alexander Ivanovich Bastrykin''' (alizaliwa 27 Agosti 1953) ni mwanasheria wa [[Urusi]] ambaye anahudumu kama Mwenyekiti wa Kamati ya Uchunguzi ya Urusi tangu tarehe 15 Januari 2011. Awali alihudumu kama Naibu Mkuu wa Kwanza wa [[Mwanasheria Mkuu wa Urusi]] na Mwenyekiti wa Kamati ya Uchunguzi ya Ofisi ya Mwanasheria Mkuu kuanzia mwaka 2007 hadi 2011. Ana cheo maalum cha Jenerali wa Sheria (General of Justice), cheo cha kitaaluma cha [[Profesa]], na Ud...' 1549960 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alexander Ivanovich Bastrykin''' (alizaliwa 27 Agosti 1953) ni mwanasheria wa [[Urusi]] ambaye anahudumu kama Mwenyekiti wa Kamati ya Uchunguzi ya Urusi tangu tarehe 15 Januari 2011. Awali alihudumu kama Naibu Mkuu wa Kwanza wa [[Mwanasheria Mkuu wa Urusi]] na Mwenyekiti wa Kamati ya Uchunguzi ya Ofisi ya Mwanasheria Mkuu kuanzia mwaka 2007 hadi 2011. Ana cheo maalum cha Jenerali wa Sheria (General of Justice), cheo cha kitaaluma cha [[Profesa]], na Udaktari wa Sayansi|shahada ya uzamivu katika sheria. == Wasifu == Alexander Bastrykin alihitimu kutoka [[Kitivo vya Sheria cha Chuo Kikuu cha Serikali cha Saint Petersburg|Kitivo cha Sheria]] cha [[Chuo Kikuu cha Serikali cha Leningrad]] mnamo mwaka 1975, na alikuwa mwanadarasa mmoja wa chuo kikuu na [[Vladimir Putin]].<ref name="lenta">{{cite web|url=http://www.lenta.ru/lib/14181282/|title=Бастрыкин, Александр|publisher=|access-date=26 March 2018}}</ref><ref name="kommersant">{{cite journal|url=http://www.kommersant.ru/doc.aspx?DocsID=777085|title=Однокашник президента возглавит прокурорское следствие|journal=Коммерсантъ|date=22 June 2007|pages=6|access-date=26 March 2018|via=Kommersant}}</ref><ref name="politcom">{{cite web|url=http://www.politcom.ru/4737.html|title=Сечинский комитет при Генпрокуратуре|website=Политком.RU: информационный сайт политических комментариев|access-date=26 March 2018}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka 2007, Rais Vladimir Putin alianzisha Kamati ya Uchunguzi ya Ofisi ya Mwanasheria Mkuu, ambayo ''de facto'' (kwa uhalisia) ilikuwa huru kutoka Ofisi ya Mwanasheria Mkuu, na Bastrykin akawa mwenyekiti wake wa kwanza. Inaripotiwa kuwa uteuzi huo ulichochewa na [[Igor Sechin]], aliyetaka kulinda ushawishi wake baada ya mshirika wake wa karibu [[Vladimir Ustinov]] kuondolewa katika nafasi ya mwanasheria mkuu mnamo mwaka 2006.<ref name="lenta" /><ref name="kommersant" /><ref name="politcom" /> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1953||}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] e2d8h39ndlbn6jut8b0cmdei4vur31z Arild Braastad 0 238466 1549962 2026-05-24T18:43:51Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Arild Braastad''' (18 Agosti 1946 – 29 Julai 2011) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norwei]]. == Maisha na Kazi == Alianza kufanya kazi katika Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs mwaka 1979. Kuanzia 1999 hadi 2001 alihudumu kama mkuu wa idara katika wizara hiyo. Baadaye alikuwa balozi wa Norway nchini South Korea kuanzia 2001 hadi 2006, ambapo alisaidia kuanzisha Norwegian Business Association in Korea mwaka 2002 kwa ajili ya kuimarisha ushirikian...' 1549962 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Arild Braastad''' (18 Agosti 1946 – 29 Julai 2011) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norwei]]. == Maisha na Kazi == Alianza kufanya kazi katika Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs mwaka 1979. Kuanzia 1999 hadi 2001 alihudumu kama mkuu wa idara katika wizara hiyo. Baadaye alikuwa balozi wa Norway nchini South Korea kuanzia 2001 hadi 2006, ambapo alisaidia kuanzisha Norwegian Business Association in Korea mwaka 2002 kwa ajili ya kuimarisha ushirikiano wa biashara kati ya Norway na Korea Kusini. Kuanzia 2006 hadi kifo chake, alikuwa balozi wa Norway nchini Malaysia.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Arild Braastad|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|url=[http://www.snl.no/Arild_Braastad|language=Norwegian}}](http://www.snl.no/Arild_Braastad|language=Norwegian}})</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1946|2011}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] ccq0u4kre0jgrqdpftv2u07isafx2cg Nikolay Bobrikov 0 238467 1549963 2026-05-24T18:45:32Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Nikolay Ivanovich Bobrikov''' (27 Januari|1839|15 Januari}}&nbsp;– {{OldStyleDate|17 Juni|1904|4 Juni}}) alikuwa jenerali na mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]].<ref name="Hjelm">{{cite journal | first1 = George B. | last1 = Kauffman | first2 = Lauri | last2 = Niinistö | authorlink1 = George B. Kauffman |url = http://chemeducator.org/bibs/0003003/00030208.htm | title = Chemistry and Politics: Edvard Immanuel Hjelt (1855–1921) | journal = The Chemical Educator...' 1549963 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nikolay Ivanovich Bobrikov''' (27 Januari|1839|15 Januari}}&nbsp;– {{OldStyleDate|17 Juni|1904|4 Juni}}) alikuwa jenerali na mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]].<ref name="Hjelm">{{cite journal | first1 = George B. | last1 = Kauffman | first2 = Lauri | last2 = Niinistö | authorlink1 = George B. Kauffman |url = http://chemeducator.org/bibs/0003003/00030208.htm | title = Chemistry and Politics: Edvard Immanuel Hjelt (1855–1921) | journal = The Chemical Educator | year = 1998 | volume =3 | issue = 5 | doi = 10.1007/s00897980247a | pages = 1&ndash;15| s2cid = 97163876 | url-access = subscription }}</ref> Alihudumu kama [[Gavana-Jenerali wa Finland]] na Mkuu wa Wilaya ya Kijeshi ya Finland|ru|Финляндский военный округ}} kuanzia tarehe {{OldStyleDate|29 Agosti|1898|17 Agosti}} hadi kifo chake, wakati wa miaka ya mapema ya utawala wa Kaizari [[Nicholas II wa Urusi]], na alikuwa na jukumu la kusimamia na kueneza sera za [[Urusi (Russification)]] nchini [[Ushatshaji Mkuu wa Finland]]. Baada ya kuteuliwa kwake kuwa gavana-jenerali, haraka sana akawa mtu asiyependwa na watu, na hatimaye aliuawa katika [[Mauaji ya Nikolay Bobrikov]] yaliyotekelezwa na [[Eugen Schauman]], mwanaharakati wa utaifa wa Finland aliyezaliwa mjini [[Kharkov]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1839|1904}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] 3hhrwewvy3o5oylev836mozu9b5mm5v Herb Aach 0 238468 1549964 2026-05-24T18:46:13Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Herbert Aach''' ([[Machi 24]], [[1923]] – [[Oktoba 13]], [[1985]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] na [[mwandishi]] wa [[Marekani]]. Mtindo wa uchoraji wa Aach unajulikana kwa rangi yake kali na iliyowekwa vizuri , ambayo ilitokana na shauku yake kubwa katika nadharia ya rangi na uhusiano wa rangi.<ref name="Aach1">{{cite web|author=John Aach |year=2007 |title=Herb Aach |publisher=John Aach & Doris Aach |url=http://home.comcast.net/~jaach/ |access-date=June 12,...' 1549964 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Herbert Aach''' ([[Machi 24]], [[1923]] – [[Oktoba 13]], [[1985]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] na [[mwandishi]] wa [[Marekani]]. Mtindo wa uchoraji wa Aach unajulikana kwa rangi yake kali na iliyowekwa vizuri , ambayo ilitokana na shauku yake kubwa katika nadharia ya rangi na uhusiano wa rangi.<ref name="Aach1">{{cite web|author=John Aach |year=2007 |title=Herb Aach |publisher=John Aach & Doris Aach |url=http://home.comcast.net/~jaach/ |access-date=June 12, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121220045810/http://home.comcast.net/~jaach/ |archive-date=December 20, 2012 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1923]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1985]] meocncr717z68xf0ngp8u0nuhhiy1wi Jens Olavssøn Bratt 0 238469 1549965 2026-05-24T18:48:37Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jens Olavssøn Bratt''' ({{c.|1505}} – 12 Juni 1548) alikuwa kiongozi wa kanisa kutoka Norway.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Jens Olavssøn Bratt|first= |last= |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |editor-last=Godal | editor-first=Anne Marit | editor-link=Anne Marit Godal |publisher=Norsk nettleksikon |location=Oslo |url=[https://snl.no/Jens_Olavssøn_Bratt](https://snl.no/Jens_Olavssøn_Bratt) |language=Norwegian |accessdate=17 August 201...' 1549965 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jens Olavssøn Bratt''' ({{c.|1505}} – 12 Juni 1548) alikuwa kiongozi wa kanisa kutoka Norway.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Jens Olavssøn Bratt|first= |last= |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |editor-last=Godal | editor-first=Anne Marit | editor-link=Anne Marit Godal |publisher=Norsk nettleksikon |location=Oslo |url=[https://snl.no/Jens_Olavssøn_Bratt](https://snl.no/Jens_Olavssøn_Bratt) |language=Norwegian |accessdate=17 August 2013}}</ref> Bratt alizaliwa katika kijiji cha Andenes kilicho katika kisiwa cha Andøya katika mkoa wa Nordland, [[Norwei]]. Alitoka katika familia mojawapo iliyobaki kutoka kwa tabaka la zamani la watu wa cheo (aristocracy) ya Norway, na alikuwa mdogo wa Torbjørn Olavssøn Bratt. Yeye na kaka yake wote walihudhuria Chuo Kikuu cha Cologne.<ref>{{cite web|url= [https://nbl.snl.no/Torbj%25C3%25B8rn_Olavss%25C3%25B8n_Bratt|title=](https://nbl.snl.no/Torbj%25C3%25B8rn_Olavss%25C3%25B8n_Bratt|title=) Torbjørn Olavssøn Bratt, Biskop|publisher= Norsk biografisk leksikon|accessdate= July 15, 2016|archive-url= [https://web.archive.org/web/20160816103957/https://nbl.snl.no/Torbj%25C3%25B8rn_Olavss%25C3%25B8n_Bratt|archive-date=](https://web.archive.org/web/20160816103957/https://nbl.snl.no/Torbj%25C3%25B8rn_Olavss%25C3%25B8n_Bratt|archive-date=) August 16, 2016|url-status= dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1505|1548}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 9jrp9szktpisqj4lagbdzt0m82uerpn Robert K. Abbett 0 238470 1549966 2026-05-24T18:49:00Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Robert Kennedy Abbett''' ([[Januari 5]], [[1926]] – [[Juni 20]], [[2015]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] na [[mchoraji]] picha wa [[Marekani]]. Anajulikana zaidi kwa uchoraji wake wa katuni za Tarzan (Tarzan comic books) katika miaka ya 1960 na 70.<ref>Abbett illustrated books for Edgar Rice Burroughs. Burroughs wrote a novel called ''The Oakdale Affair''.</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Marekani]] Jamii:Wachoraji wa Marek...' 1549966 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Robert Kennedy Abbett''' ([[Januari 5]], [[1926]] – [[Juni 20]], [[2015]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] na [[mchoraji]] picha wa [[Marekani]]. Anajulikana zaidi kwa uchoraji wake wa katuni za Tarzan (Tarzan comic books) katika miaka ya 1960 na 70.<ref>Abbett illustrated books for Edgar Rice Burroughs. Burroughs wrote a novel called ''The Oakdale Affair''.</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1926]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2015]] m8g0f4biutyba0iifif9qkdx818bj04 Woldemar von Boeckmann 0 238471 1549968 2026-05-24T18:50:17Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Woldemar Alexander Valerian von{{efn|{{German title von}}}} Boeckmann''' Aleksandrovich Bekman}};{{efn|Pia huandikwa {{transliteration|ru|Böckmann}}.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Böckmann, Vladimir Aleksandrovitsh (1848-1923) |url=https://biografiasampo.fi/henkilo/p2603 |access-date=2024-11-01 |website=Finnish National Biography (via Biografiasampo)|first=Kristiina |last=Kalleinen |date=6 September 2001}}</ref>}} 12 Juni 1848 – 26 Novemba 1923) alikuwa je...' 1549968 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Woldemar Alexander Valerian von{{efn|{{German title von}}}} Boeckmann''' Aleksandrovich Bekman}};{{efn|Pia huandikwa {{transliteration|ru|Böckmann}}.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Böckmann, Vladimir Aleksandrovitsh (1848-1923) |url=https://biografiasampo.fi/henkilo/p2603 |access-date=2024-11-01 |website=Finnish National Biography (via Biografiasampo)|first=Kristiina |last=Kalleinen |date=6 September 2001}}</ref>}} 12 Juni 1848 – 26 Novemba 1923) alikuwa jenerali wa [[Urusi]] aliyehudumu kama [[Gavana-Jenerali wa Finland]] kuanzia mwaka 1908 hadi 1909. Ingawa katika duru za serikali ya Urusi alijulikana kama "mtu dhabiti" aliyetarajiwa kuendeleza sera za [[Urusi (Russification) nchini Finland]], alikataa kuchochea mgogoro wa kikatiba na Wafinland, jambo ambalo lilimfanya alazimike kujiuzulu nafasi hiyo.<ref name="blf">{{BLF|3143|namn=Böckmann, Vladimir Aleksandrovitj}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1848|1923}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] d8znh2zio59m46hylgteo7a6gvdibbk 1549970 1549968 2026-05-24T18:54:58Z Egipa 87700 1549970 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Woldemar Alexander Valerian vo Boeckmann''' Aleksandrovich Bekman}}; huandikwa <ref>{{Cite web |title=Böckmann, Vladimir Aleksandrovitsh (1848-1923) |url=https://biografiasampo.fi/henkilo/p2603 |access-date=2024-11-01 |website=Finnish National Biography (via Biografiasampo)|first=Kristiina |last=Kalleinen |date=6 September 2001}}</ref>}} 12 Juni 1848 – 26 Novemba 1923) alikuwa jenerali wa [[Urusi]] aliyehudumu kama [[Gavana-Jenerali wa Finland]] kuanzia mwaka 1908 hadi 1909. Ingawa katika duru za serikali ya Urusi alijulikana kama "mtu dhabiti" aliyetarajiwa kuendeleza sera za [[Urusi (Russification) nchini Finland]], alikataa kuchochea mgogoro wa kikatiba na Wafinland, jambo ambalo lilimfanya alazimike kujiuzulu nafasi hiyo.<ref name="blf">{{BLF|3143|namn=Böckmann, Vladimir Aleksandrovitj}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1848|1923}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] 23zhm12ubh5cd7q3fq6udz0shiyk6bn 1550088 1549970 2026-05-25T02:19:20Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1550088 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Woldemar Alexander Valerian vo Boeckmann''' Aleksandrovich Bekman}}; huandikwa <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Böckmann, Vladimir Aleksandrovitsh (1848-1923) |url=https://biografiasampo.fi/henkilo/p2603 |access-date=2024-11-01 |website=Finnish National Biography (via Biografiasampo)|first=Kristiina |last=Kalleinen |date=6 September 2001}}</ref>}} 12 Juni 1848 – 26 Novemba 1923) alikuwa jenerali wa [[Urusi]] aliyehudumu kama [[Gavana-Jenerali wa Finland]] kuanzia mwaka 1908 hadi 1909. Ingawa katika duru za serikali ya Urusi alijulikana kama "mtu dhabiti" aliyetarajiwa kuendeleza sera za [[Urusi (Russification) nchini Finland]], alikataa kuchochea mgogoro wa kikatiba na Wafinland, jambo ambalo lilimfanya alazimike kujiuzulu nafasi hiyo.<ref name="blf">{{BLF|3143|namn=Böckmann, Vladimir Aleksandrovitj}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1848|1923}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] juioykublsctsl03t6m35jrjzht230g Tarald Brautaset 0 238472 1549969 2026-05-24T18:54:54Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Tarald Osnes Brautaset''' (amezaliwa 28 Septemba 1946) ni mwanadiplomasia wa [[Norwei]]. Yeye ana shahada ya Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria kama elimu yake ya juu, na alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norwei mwaka 1973.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|year=|title=Tarald Osnes Brautaset|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|url=[http://www.snl.no/Tarald_Osnes_Brautaset|language=Norwegian|accessdate=1](http://www.snl.no/Tarald_Osnes_B...' 1549969 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tarald Osnes Brautaset''' (amezaliwa 28 Septemba 1946) ni mwanadiplomasia wa [[Norwei]]. Yeye ana shahada ya Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria kama elimu yake ya juu, na alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norwei mwaka 1973.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|year=|title=Tarald Osnes Brautaset|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|url=[http://www.snl.no/Tarald_Osnes_Brautaset|language=Norwegian|accessdate=1](http://www.snl.no/Tarald_Osnes_Brautaset|language=Norwegian|accessdate=1) March 2010}}</ref> Alikuwa mwanachama wa ujumbe wa Norway katika Umoja wa Ulaya kuanzia 1988 hadi 1994, wakati wa mazungumzo ya uanachama wa Norway katika Umoja huo (ambayo yalikatishwa baada ya kura ya maoni ya uanachama wa EU Norway ya 1994) na pia katika Eneo la Uchumi la Ulaya. Baadaye alihudumu kama mkuu wa idara katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje hadi 1997, na kama mshauri kuanzia 1997 hadi 2000 na tena 2005 hadi 2008. Alikuwa balozi wa Norway nchini [[Uingereza]] kuanzia 2000 hadi 2005, kisha balozi nchini [[Ufaransa]] kuanzia 2009 hadi 2014.<ref name=snl/> Tarald Brautaset alitunukiwa cheo cha Commander wa Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav mwaka 2000.<ref>{{cite news|title=London-ambassadør i "surprise party"|last=Andreassen|first=Thorleif|date=27 February 2000|work=[[Aftenposten]]|language=Norwegian}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1946|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] jgloxfivuqb9s4frrfgo4plp6iyukbu Mikhail Boguslavsky 0 238473 1549974 2026-05-24T19:00:17Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mikhail Solomonovich Boguslavsky''' (kwa Kirusi: Михаил Соломонович Богуславский; 1 Mei 1886 – 1 Februari 1937) alikuwa mwanamapinduzi na mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]], alishtakiwa na kuuawa kwa sababu ya kuwa mfuasi wa zamani wa [[Leon Trotsky]]. == Wasifu == Akiwa mtoto wa mshonaji masikini wa Kiyahudi kutoka kijiji kimoja katika mkoa wa [[Poltava]], Ukraine, aliacha shule akiwa na umri wa miaka 12 ili kufanya kazi katika kiw...' 1549974 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mikhail Solomonovich Boguslavsky''' (kwa Kirusi: Михаил Соломонович Богуславский; 1 Mei 1886 – 1 Februari 1937) alikuwa mwanamapinduzi na mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]], alishtakiwa na kuuawa kwa sababu ya kuwa mfuasi wa zamani wa [[Leon Trotsky]]. == Wasifu == Akiwa mtoto wa mshonaji masikini wa Kiyahudi kutoka kijiji kimoja katika mkoa wa [[Poltava]], Ukraine, aliacha shule akiwa na umri wa miaka 12 ili kufanya kazi katika kiwanda cha uchapishaji mjini [[Kiev]], na baadaye [[Kharkiv]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Михаил Соломонович Богуславский |url=http://hrono.ru/biograf/bio_b/boguslavski_ms.php |website=Khronos |accessdate=22 September 2019}}</ref> Alikamatwa kwa mara ya kwanza mnamo mwaka 1904 mjini Kharkov, kwa kosa la kuandaa muungano wa wafanyakazi wa matbaa.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Shmidt |first1=O.Yu. (chief editor), Bukharin, N.I. (eds) |title=Большая советская энциклопедия volume 6 |date=1927 |location=Moscow |page=622}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka 1905, alijiunga na Chama cha Kijamii cha Kiyahudi (Jewish Socialist Party) na alikamatwa mara kwa mara. Aliongoza shughuli za chama hicho huko Kharkov, [[Mykolaiv|Nikolaev]] na [[Kremenchuk]]. Alijiunga na [[Mabolshevik]] mnamo Machi 1917, baada ya [[Mapinduzi ya Februari]], na akawa mmoja wa viongozi wakuu walioeneza utawala wa kikomunisti nchini Ukraine. Alijiunga na chama cha RSDLP(b) baada ya [[Mapinduzi ya Oktoba]], akihudumu kama katibu wa Kamati Kuu ya mabaraza (soviets) ya Ukraine, mjumbe wa bodi ya Kamati ya Watu ya Fedha, na kiongozi wa vikosi vya ulinzi vya Red Guard. Kati ya mwaka 1920 na 1921, alikuwa mwenyekiti wa muungano wa wafanyakazi wa matbaa. Kuanzia mwaka 1922, akawa mjumbe wa Baraza la Jiji la Moscow (Mossoviet). Mnamo mwaka 1924, baada ya kifo cha [[Vladimir Lenin]], aliteuliwa kuwa mwenyekiti wa 'baraza dogo' la [[Baraza la Makomisa wa Watu wa Jamhuri ya Kisovieti ya Shirikisho la Urusi]]. Mnamo Oktoba 1923, Boguslavsky alisaini [[Tamko la watu 46]] (The Declaration of 46), na tangu wakati huo alimuunga mkono Trotsky na upinzani wa mrengo wa kushoto (Left Opposition) dhidi ya utawala wa [[Joseph Stalin]]. Alifukuzwa katika chama cha kikomunisti cha Umoja wa Kisovieti kwenye Mkutano Mkuu wa Kumi na Tano mnamo Desemba 1927, na kuhamishwa kwa nguvu kwenda [[Novosibirsk]], ambako aliteuliwa kuwa mjumbe wa Kamati ya Mipango ya Siberia. Mnamo Novemba 1929, alisaini barua ya pamoja ya kujitenga na kundi la upinzani. Uanachama wake katika chama ulirejeshwa mnamo mwaka 1930. Mnamo mwaka 1932, aliteuliwa kuwa mkuu wa kiwanda cha vifaa vya migodi huko Novosibirsk. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1886|1937}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ukraine]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] 41gx7tq9mp5f3evl1v04ttxrclreizz Elisha Taylor Baker 0 238474 1549975 2026-05-24T19:02:05Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Elisha Taylor Baker''' ([[Februari 17]], [[1827]] – [[1890]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] wa baharini wa [[Marekani]] kutoka [[New York]]. Alikuwa mchoraji wa picha za meli , mtumiaji wa mtindo wa uchoraji uliotegemea mwanga, na mchoraji wa mandhari.<ref>{{cite web |last=Paula |first=Doreen |title=Baker, Elisha Taylor |website=[[Thieme-Becker#Allgemeines_Künstlerlexikon|Allgemeines Künstlerlexikon – Internationale Künstlerdatenbank – Online]] |editor1-l...' 1549975 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elisha Taylor Baker''' ([[Februari 17]], [[1827]] – [[1890]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] wa baharini wa [[Marekani]] kutoka [[New York]]. Alikuwa mchoraji wa picha za meli , mtumiaji wa mtindo wa uchoraji uliotegemea mwanga, na mchoraji wa mandhari.<ref>{{cite web |last=Paula |first=Doreen |title=Baker, Elisha Taylor |website=[[Thieme-Becker#Allgemeines_Künstlerlexikon|Allgemeines Künstlerlexikon – Internationale Künstlerdatenbank – Online]] |editor1-last=Beyer |editor1-first=Andreas |editor2-last=Savoy |editor2-first=Bénédicte |editor3-last=Tegethoff |editor3-first=Wolf |location=Berlin, New York |publisher=K. G. Saur |date=2021 |url=https://www.degruyterbrill.com/database/AKL/entry/_30006314/html |url-access=subscription}} {{twlac|url=https://www.degruyterbrill.com/database/AKL/entry/_30006314/html}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1827]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1890]] tc7wnr7j8d4kj8ndt2v6dsvev1nqfxc Yury Boldyrev 0 238475 1549976 2026-05-24T19:04:56Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Yury Yurievich Boldyrev''' (alizaliwa 29 Mei 1960) ni mwanauchumi na mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]]. Alikuwa [[Baraza la Shirikisho (Urusi)|Seneta]] kutoka [[Saint Petersburg]] kuanzia mwaka 1993 hadi 1995, na Naibu Mwenyekiti wa [[Chama cha Hesabu cha Urusi]] (Accounts Chamber of Russia) kuanzia mwaka 1995 hadi 2001. Boldyrev alikuwa mmoja wa waanzilishi wa chama cha [[Yabloko]], lakini alikihama chama hicho mnamo mwaka 1995. == Wasifu == Alizaliwa mnamo mwa...' 1549976 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yury Yurievich Boldyrev''' (alizaliwa 29 Mei 1960) ni mwanauchumi na mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]]. Alikuwa [[Baraza la Shirikisho (Urusi)|Seneta]] kutoka [[Saint Petersburg]] kuanzia mwaka 1993 hadi 1995, na Naibu Mwenyekiti wa [[Chama cha Hesabu cha Urusi]] (Accounts Chamber of Russia) kuanzia mwaka 1995 hadi 2001. Boldyrev alikuwa mmoja wa waanzilishi wa chama cha [[Yabloko]], lakini alikihama chama hicho mnamo mwaka 1995. == Wasifu == Alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1960 mjini [[Leningrad]] katika familia ya mwanajeshi wa majini. Alihitimu kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Elektroteknolojia cha Saint Petersburg (1983) na [[Chuo Kikuu cha Serikali cha Uchumi cha Saint Petersburg]] (1989).<ref>[http://flb.ru/persprint/174.html Болдырев Юрий Юрьевич — Агентство Федеральных расследований]</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1960||}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii: Watu wa Iran [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] 4c6zw6nlwppmmwl5z2e7ruozsjqopmu George Herbert Baker 0 238476 1549978 2026-05-24T19:07:36Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''George Herbert Baker''' ([[Februari 14]], [[1878]] – [[Machi 11]], [[1943]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] wa [[Marekani]] ambaye alifanya kazi hasa katika eneo la Richmond, [[Indiana]] na alikuwa mwanachama wa "Richmond Group" kundi la wachoraji. Alifanya kazi kwa rangi ya mafuta, rangi za maji, na pasteli. Alifanya kazi kwa muda katika [[Brown County, Indiana]] na wakati mwingine anahusishwa na kikundi hicho cha wasanii. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-m...' 1549978 wikitext text/x-wiki '''George Herbert Baker''' ([[Februari 14]], [[1878]] – [[Machi 11]], [[1943]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] wa [[Marekani]] ambaye alifanya kazi hasa katika eneo la Richmond, [[Indiana]] na alikuwa mwanachama wa "Richmond Group" kundi la wachoraji. Alifanya kazi kwa rangi ya mafuta, rangi za maji, na pasteli. Alifanya kazi kwa muda katika [[Brown County, Indiana]] na wakati mwingine anahusishwa na kikundi hicho cha wasanii. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1878]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1943]] ome1mz0op6evddkmzkc46pz849orejk Dirk Bakker 0 238477 1549981 2026-05-24T19:10:24Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Dirk Michael Bakker''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwanasheria wa [[Afrika Kusini|Afrika]] Kusini aliyewakilisha chama cha ''National Party'' (NP) na baadaye ''New National Party'' (NNP) katika [[Bunge la Tanzania|Bunge]] la Kitaifa kuanzia mwaka 1994 hadi 2004, baada ya kushinda ubunge katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 1994 na 1999. Aliliwakilisha eneo bunge la Gauteng. Wakati wa muhula wake wa pili, alihudumu pia kama [[Mkurugenzi]] wa Kitaifa wa Masuala ya Kisheria...' 1549981 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dirk Michael Bakker''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwanasheria wa [[Afrika Kusini|Afrika]] Kusini aliyewakilisha chama cha ''National Party'' (NP) na baadaye ''New National Party'' (NNP) katika [[Bunge la Tanzania|Bunge]] la Kitaifa kuanzia mwaka 1994 hadi 2004, baada ya kushinda ubunge katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 1994 na 1999. Aliliwakilisha eneo bunge la Gauteng. Wakati wa muhula wake wa pili, alihudumu pia kama [[Mkurugenzi]] wa Kitaifa wa Masuala ya Kisheria wa chama cha NNP,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Marais and Malatsi’s relaxed hearing|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2003-03-18-marais-and-malatsis-relaxed-hearing/|work=The Mail & Guardian|date=2003-03-18|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en-ZA|author=Staff Reporter}}</ref> nafasi iliyomfanya akishauri chama hicho kuhusu makubaliano yake ya ushirikiano na chama tawala cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC).<ref>{{Cite web|title=NNP PUTS IT’S BEST MEN FORWARD|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2001-10-31-nnp-puts-its-best-men-forward/|work=The Mail & Guardian|date=2001-10-30|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en-ZA|author=Staff Reporter}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] 25crmi9avrwmwckmeoznme79j6tkk6k 1550037 1549981 2026-05-24T21:22:41Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1550037 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dirk Michael Bakker''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwanasheria wa [[Afrika Kusini|Afrika]] Kusini aliyewakilisha chama cha ''National Party'' (NP) na baadaye ''New National Party'' (NNP) katika [[Bunge la Tanzania|Bunge]] la Kitaifa kuanzia mwaka 1994 hadi 2004, baada ya kushinda ubunge katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 1994 na 1999. Aliliwakilisha eneo bunge la Gauteng. Wakati wa muhula wake wa pili, alihudumu pia kama [[Mkurugenzi]] wa Kitaifa wa Masuala ya Kisheria wa chama cha NNP,<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Marais and Malatsi’s relaxed hearing|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2003-03-18-marais-and-malatsis-relaxed-hearing/|work=The Mail & Guardian|date=2003-03-18|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en-ZA|author=Staff Reporter}}</ref> nafasi iliyomfanya akishauri chama hicho kuhusu makubaliano yake ya ushirikiano na chama tawala cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=NNP PUTS IT’S BEST MEN FORWARD|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2001-10-31-nnp-puts-its-best-men-forward/|work=The Mail & Guardian|date=2001-10-30|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en-ZA|author=Staff Reporter}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] 178y1rngn9r43nx0guzcd5ga85xsr7y Boitumelo Babuseng 0 238478 1549984 2026-05-24T19:13:33Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Boitumelo Maxwell Babuseng''' ni wakili na [[mwanasiasa]] mstaafu wa Afrika Kusini. Kwa sasa ni mwenyekiti wa Baraza la Kitaifa la Mawakili wa [[Afrika]] Kusini (National Bar Council of South Africa) katika jimbo la Northern Cape. Babuseng alihudumu kama Mbunge wa [[Bunge]] la Mkoa wa Northern Cape kupitia chama cha ''Democratic Alliance'' (DA) kuanzia Mei 2014 hadi Novemba 2019. Babuseng alistaafu siasa mnamo Oktoba 2019. Siku yake ya mwisho katika bu...' 1549984 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Boitumelo Maxwell Babuseng''' ni wakili na [[mwanasiasa]] mstaafu wa Afrika Kusini. Kwa sasa ni mwenyekiti wa Baraza la Kitaifa la Mawakili wa [[Afrika]] Kusini (National Bar Council of South Africa) katika jimbo la Northern Cape. Babuseng alihudumu kama Mbunge wa [[Bunge]] la Mkoa wa Northern Cape kupitia chama cha ''Democratic Alliance'' (DA) kuanzia Mei 2014 hadi Novemba 2019. Babuseng alistaafu siasa mnamo Oktoba 2019. Siku yake ya mwisho katika bunge hilo la mkoa ilikuwa tarehe 30 Novemba 2019, na tangu wakati huo amerejea kikamilifu katika taaluma ya [[sheria]] na uwakili.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Top DA Member of Provincial Legislature quits party|url=https://dfa.co.za/news/2019-10-28-top-da-member-of-provincial-legislature-quits-party/|work=Diamond Fields Advertiser|date=2041-08-09|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Benida Phillips}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] 2u0xh524g274hpr4hlsp3mzvlik7cc6 Aubrey Baartman 0 238479 1549985 2026-05-24T19:17:35Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ' '''Nevie Aubrey Baartman''' (alizaliwa 4 Oktoba 1958) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini kutoka jimbo la Northern Cape. Alikuwa [[kiongozi]] wa mkoa wa chama cha ''Economic Freedom Fighters'' (EFF) na mwakilishi wa chama hicho katika Bunge la Mkoa wa Northern Cape. Kabla ya hapo, alikuwa mwanachama mwandamizi wa chama cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC) mkoani humo. == Kazi ya Kisiasa == Hapo awali, Baartman alikuwa mwanachama mwandamizi wa ANC. Alij...' 1549985 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nevie Aubrey Baartman''' (alizaliwa 4 Oktoba 1958) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini kutoka jimbo la Northern Cape. Alikuwa [[kiongozi]] wa mkoa wa chama cha ''Economic Freedom Fighters'' (EFF) na mwakilishi wa chama hicho katika Bunge la Mkoa wa Northern Cape. Kabla ya hapo, alikuwa mwanachama mwandamizi wa chama cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC) mkoani humo. == Kazi ya Kisiasa == Hapo awali, Baartman alikuwa mwanachama mwandamizi wa ANC. Alijiunga na chama hicho katika miaka ya 1990 na alihudumu katika miundo mbalimbali ya chama. Alihudumu kama meya wa [[Manispaa]] ya Wilaya ya Namakwa na kama katibu wa chama wa kikanda katika eneo la Namakwa. Pia, Baartman alikuwa mwanachama wa Kamati Kuu ya Utendaji ya Chama cha Soka cha Afrika Kusini (SAFA). Baartman alijiunga na EFF mnamo mwaka 2013 wakati chama hicho kilipoanzishwa na kuwa kiongozi wa kwanza wa chama hicho katika mkoa. Kabla ya kuchaguliwa kwake katika [[Bunge]] la Mkoa wa Northern Cape, alihudumu kama meneja wa Manispaa ya Eneo la Nama Khoi. Alichukua nafasi yake kama mbunge wa bunge la mkoa mnamo Mei 2014. Mnamo mwaka 2019, Baartman alichaguliwa tena kwa muhula wa pili kama mbunge wa bunge la mkoa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ANC comes out tops in Northern Cape|url=https://iol.co.za/news/politics/2019-05-10-anc-comes-out-tops-in-northern-cape/|work=IOL|date=2207-01-06|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Staff Reporter}}</ref> Mnamo tarehe 2 Oktoba 2022, katibu wa mkoa Shadrack Tlhaole alichaguliwa kuchukua nafasi ya Baartman kama mwenyekiti wa EFF mkoani humo. Baartman alijiuzulu kutoka bunge hilo la mkoa mnamo tarehe 31 Oktoba 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nevie Aubrey Baartman|url=http://www.pa.org.za/person/nevie-aubrey-baartman/|work=People's Assembly|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en|author=Contact us People's Assembly Tel:465 8885 Fax:465 8887 2nd Floor 9 Church Square Parliament Street Cape Town 8001 South Africa}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1958]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] s3zz05d842jif1czogbconmzay8mjn8 Bitty McLean 0 238480 1549986 2026-05-24T19:18:02Z Said Mfaume 68307 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Bitty McLean | picha = 20140531 Dortmund RuhrRaggaeSummer 1576.jpg | maelezo = Bitty McLean akitumbuiza kwenye tamasha la Ruhr Reggae Summer mwaka 2014 | landscape = yes | background = solo_singer | jina la kuzaliwa = Delroy Easton McLean | jina lingine = Bitty | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1972|08|08}} | mahali pa kuzaliwa = [[Birmingham]], Uin...' 1549986 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Bitty McLean | picha = 20140531 Dortmund RuhrRaggaeSummer 1576.jpg | maelezo = Bitty McLean akitumbuiza kwenye tamasha la Ruhr Reggae Summer mwaka 2014 | landscape = yes | background = solo_singer | jina la kuzaliwa = Delroy Easton McLean | jina lingine = Bitty | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1972|08|08}} | mahali pa kuzaliwa = [[Birmingham]], Uingereza | tarehe ya kufa = | mahali pa kufa = | ala = Sauti | aina = [[Reggae]], [[lovers rock]], [[ragga]] | kazi yake = Mwimbaji, mtunzi wa nyimbo, mhandisi wa sauti | miaka ya kazi = 1992–sasa | studio = Brilliant Records, Kuff Records, Peckings Records, TAXI, TABOU1 | ameshirikiana na = [[UB40]], [[Sly and Robbie]], The Lee Thompson Ska Orchestra | tovuti = www.taxitabou1.bandcamp.com }} '''Delroy Easton "Bitty" McLean'''<ref name="AMG">{{cite web |first=Steve |last=Leggett |url={{AllMusic|class=artist|id=p104476/biography|pure_url=yes}} |title=Bitty McLean Biography |website=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=19 February 2009}}</ref> (amezaliwa 8 Agosti 1972) ni mwimbaji wa muziki wa [[reggae]], [[lovers rock]] na [[ragga]] kutoka nchini [[Uingereza]]. Anajulikana zaidi kwa nyimbo zake tatu zilizoshika nafasi za juu kwenye chati za Top 10 za Uingereza mnamo mwaka 1993 na 1994, ukiwemo wimbo wake wa kwanza uliovuma sana wa "[[It Keeps Rainin' (Tears from My Eyes)]]". == Maisha ya awali na kazi == Akiwa mtoto wa mwisho kati ya watoto sita wa Easton na Leonie, Delroy McLean alipewa jina la utani la "Bitty" kwa sababu ya umbo lake kuwa dogo tangu utotoni.<ref name="United">[http://france.unitedreggae.com/artist/n140/bitty-mclean France.unitedreggae.com] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080626080508/http://france.unitedreggae.com/artist/n140/bitty-mclean |date=26 June 2008}}</ref> Alipokuwa kijana mdogo, alikuwa akitumbuiza katika marusha roho, na baada ya kusomea uhandisi wa sauti chuoni, aliajiriwa na bendi maarufu ya [[UB40]] kama mhandisi wa sauti na mtayarishaji, na mara nyingine alikuwa akiwasindikiza kwa kuimba sauti za nyuma.<ref name="AMG" /> Alipata umaarufu mkubwa katikati ya miaka ya 1990 kwa kurudia nyimbo za wasanii wengine, ukiwemo wimbo wa kundi la the Shirelles uitwao "[[Dedicated to the One I Love]]" (ulioshika nafasi ya 6 nchini Uingereza)<ref name="British Hit Singles & Albums"/> na wimbo wa [[Fats Domino]] wa "[[It Keeps Rainin' (Tears from My Eyes)]]" (1993), ambao ukaja kuwa wimbo wake mkubwa zaidi nchini Uingereza kwa kushika nafasi ya 2 kwenye chati za muziki.<ref name="British Hit Singles & Albums"/> Wimbo huo wa "It Keeps Rainin'" ulishika nafasi ya kwanza kabisa kwenye chati za muziki huko [[New Zealand]] na [[Uholanzi]] mnamo mwaka 1993. McLean pia alishiriki kwenye ziara tatu kubwa za matamasha ya viwanjani nchini Uingereza akisindikiza bendi za UB40, [[Wet Wet Wet]], na [[Simply Red]].<ref name="United" /> Mnamo mwaka 2004, alitoa albamu ya ''On Bond Street KGN. JA.'', ambayo ilionyesha uwezo wake wa kuimba kwa kuweka sauti zake juu ya midundo ya zamani ya zama za [[rocksteady]] iliyotengenezwa na [[Tommy McCook]] na [[Duke Reid]] katika studio ya [[Treasure Isle]]. Mengi ya mashairi kwenye albamu hiyo yalikuwa mapya ya kwake mwenyewe, lakini pia alitumia vionjo vya wimbo wa [[David Ruffin]] wa "Walk Away from Love" na wimbo wa David Gates wa "[[Make It with You]]".<ref name="AMG" /> Alirekodi albamu nyingine ya studio mwaka 2007 iliyoitwa ''Movin' On'', akishirikiana na mastaa wa midundo [[Sly and Robbie]] kwenye studio yao ya One Pop jijini [[Kingston, Jamaika]]. Albamu hiyo ilitolewa chini ya studio za Taxi / Silent River / TABOU1 barani Ulaya na Marekani, huku kampuni ya JVC ikiitoa nchini Japan. McLean pamoja na Sly & Robbie walifanya ziara ya kimuziki nchini Japan, Ulaya na Morocco kati ya mwaka 2008 na 2009. Mnamo mwaka 2013, McLean alitoa albamu mpya iliyoitwa ''The Taxi Sessions'' akiwa bado na Sly & Robbie, pamoja na DVD ya onyesho la jukwaani walilofanya pamoja na kundi la Taxi Gang jijini Paris mnamo Mei 2009. Katika mwaka huo huo wa 2013, McLean alijiunga kama mwimbaji mkuu wa kundi la [[The Lee Thompson Ska Orchestra]] kwa ajili ya kurudia wimbo wa [[Desmond Dekker]] uitwao "Fu Man Chu". Alitokea pia kwenye video rasmi ya wimbo huo na mnamo Mei 2013 alionekana nao kwenye kipindi maarufu cha televisheni cha muziki cha ''[[Later... with Jools Holland]]''. Mnamo mwaka 2017, yeye pamoja na mtayarishaji Guillaume Bougard walisafiri hadi jijini [[Philadelphia]] nchini Marekani kutoa mihadhara katika Shule ya Muziki ya Westphal kwenye Chuo Kikuu cha Drexel kuhusu mbinu za utayarishaji wa muziki wa Jamaika, na pia kuanza kuandaa mradi mpya wa muziki wa soul kwa ushirikiano na nyumba ya machapisho ya Reservoir yenye makao makuu yake jijini New York. Mnamo mwaka 2018, alitoa albamu iliyoitwa ''Love Restart'' ikiwa imetayarishwa kwa ushirikiano na [[Sly & Robbie]] pamoja na Guillaume Bougard, na kufanyiwa marekebisho ya mwisho katika studio kongwe za [[Abbey Road Studios]]. McLean alifanya ziara barani Ulaya na Sly & Robbie mnamo Agosti 2018 kwa ajili ya kutangaza albamu hiyo. Kufuatia kifo cha mpiga besi mashuhuri Robbie Shakespeare mnamo Desemba 2021, McLean aliuweka kando kidogo mradi wa soul na kurekodi albamu maalum juu ya midundo iliyotengenezwa na Sly Dunbar na Robbie Shakespeare kama ishara ya heshima na kumbukumbu kwake. Albamu hii yenye nyimbo 11 iliyopewa jina la ''Forward'' ilitoka rasmi tarehe 14 Aprili 2023. == Maisha binafsi == Bitty McLean ni mjomba wa mchezaji wa zamani wa mpira wa miguu wa Uingereza [[Aaron McLean]] pamoja na mwimbaji Anthony, ambaye pia anatumia jina la jukwaani la "[[McLean (mwimbaji)|McLean]]".<ref name="Posh star Mclean's brother hopes to score a hit">{{cite news | title = Posh star Mclean's brother hopes to score a hit | url = http://www.peterboroughtoday.co.uk/news/posh_star_mclean_s_brother_hopes_to_score_a_hit_1_361161 | work = Peterborough Evening Telegraph | date = 26 February 2010 | access-date = 25 April 2010 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101018052406/http://www.peterboroughtoday.co.uk/news/posh_star_mclean_s_brother_hopes_to_score_a_hit_1_361161 | archive-date = 18 October 2010 | url-status = dead }}</ref> == Kazi za muziki == === Albamu === *''[[Just to Let You Know...]]'' (1994) – Nafasi ya 19 Uingereza *''Natural High'' (1995) – Nafasi ya 81 Uingereza *''Soul to Soul'' (2003) *''On Bond Street KGN. JA.'' (2005) *''Made in Jamaica'' (2007) *''Movin' On'' (2009) *''The Taxi Sessions'' (2013) *''Love Restart'' (2018) *''Forward'' (2023) === Albamu fupi (EPs) === * ''Heart Mind Soul'' (2015) * ''War Is Over/Rumours'' (2016) === Nyimbo alizitoa kama singo === *"[[It Keeps Rainin' (Tears from My Eyes)]]" (1993) – Nafasi ya 2 Uingereza *"Pass It On" (1993) – Nafasi ya 35 Uingereza *"Here I Stand" (1994) – Nafasi ya 10 Uingereza *"[[Dedicated to the One I Love]]" (1994) – Nafasi ya 6 Uingereza *"What Goes Around" (1994) – Nafasi ya 36 Uingereza *"Over the River" (1995) – Nafasi ya 27 Uingereza *"[[We've Only Just Begun]]" (1995) – Nafasi ya 23 Uingereza *"Nothing Can Change This Love" (1995) – Nafasi ya 55 Uingereza *"Natural High" (1996) – Nafasi ya 63 Uingereza *"She's Alright" (1996) – Nafasi ya 53 Uingereza *"[[Walk Away from Love]]" (2004) *"The Real Thing" (2005) *"Let Them Talk" (2006) *"Got to Let Go" (2008) *"Let Them Say" (2022) == Marejeo == {{Commons category|Bitty McLean}} {{Reflist}} {{BD|1972}} {{DEFAULTSORT:McLean, Bitty}} [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Uingereza]] s28m8fcjvc57mmzx5sffocjlzathub7 Marthinus Appelgryn 0 238481 1549988 2026-05-24T19:20:42Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Marthinus Stephanus Appelgryn''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini aliyewakilisha chama cha ''National Party'' katika Bunge la Kitaifa kuanzia mwaka 1994 hadi 1999.<ref>{{Cite web|title=National Assembly - Members|url=http://www.parliament.gov.za/mps/mps.html|work=www.parliament.gov.za|accessdate=2026-05-24|author=ANC Input}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Interpol investigates Satour fraud|url=https://mg.co.za/article/1998-10-05-interpol-investigates-sato...' 1549988 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marthinus Stephanus Appelgryn''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini aliyewakilisha chama cha ''National Party'' katika Bunge la Kitaifa kuanzia mwaka 1994 hadi 1999.<ref>{{Cite web|title=National Assembly - Members|url=http://www.parliament.gov.za/mps/mps.html|work=www.parliament.gov.za|accessdate=2026-05-24|author=ANC Input}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Interpol investigates Satour fraud|url=https://mg.co.za/article/1998-10-05-interpol-investigates-satour-fraud/|work=The Mail & Guardian|date=1998-10-05|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en-ZA|author=Staff Reporter}}</ref> Alichaguliwa na kupata kiti chake [[bungeni]] katika [[uchaguzi]] mkuu wa mwaka 1994. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] cxh52wc0yehmt5a0kl86n15p9lfbnha 1550053 1549988 2026-05-24T23:32:12Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1550053 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marthinus Stephanus Appelgryn''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini aliyewakilisha chama cha ''National Party'' katika Bunge la Kitaifa kuanzia mwaka 1994 hadi 1999.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=National Assembly - Members|url=http://www.parliament.gov.za/mps/mps.html|work=www.parliament.gov.za|accessdate=2026-05-24|author=ANC Input}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Interpol investigates Satour fraud|url=https://mg.co.za/article/1998-10-05-interpol-investigates-satour-fraud/|work=The Mail & Guardian|date=1998-10-05|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en-ZA|author=Staff Reporter}}</ref> Alichaguliwa na kupata kiti chake [[bungeni]] katika [[uchaguzi]] mkuu wa mwaka 1994. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] ackoi1gvj4fzllq886m6bixkh5dccxw Sibongile Aloni 0 238482 1549989 2026-05-24T19:23:07Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Petrus Sibongile Aloni''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini ambaye alichaguliwa kuwa Mbunge wa [[Bunge]] la Mkoa wa Eastern Cape katika [[uchaguzi]] wa mkoa wa mwaka 2024 kupitia chama cha ''Economic Freedom Fighters'' (EFF).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dozens of new MPLs in revised 72-member Bhisho legislature|url=https://www.dailydispatch.co.za/politics/2024-06-12-dozens-of-new-mpls-in-revised-72-member-bhisho-legislature/|work=Daily Dispatch|date=2024-06-1...' 1549989 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Petrus Sibongile Aloni''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini ambaye alichaguliwa kuwa Mbunge wa [[Bunge]] la Mkoa wa Eastern Cape katika [[uchaguzi]] wa mkoa wa mwaka 2024 kupitia chama cha ''Economic Freedom Fighters'' (EFF).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dozens of new MPLs in revised 72-member Bhisho legislature|url=https://www.dailydispatch.co.za/politics/2024-06-12-dozens-of-new-mpls-in-revised-72-member-bhisho-legislature/|work=Daily Dispatch|date=2024-06-12|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] pds8jcutrut2k6i77zcjuzrxqsjfwm4 1550031 1549989 2026-05-24T21:08:42Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1550031 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Petrus Sibongile Aloni''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini ambaye alichaguliwa kuwa Mbunge wa [[Bunge]] la Mkoa wa Eastern Cape katika [[uchaguzi]] wa mkoa wa mwaka 2024 kupitia chama cha ''Economic Freedom Fighters'' (EFF).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Dozens of new MPLs in revised 72-member Bhisho legislature|url=https://www.dailydispatch.co.za/politics/2024-06-12-dozens-of-new-mpls-in-revised-72-member-bhisho-legislature/|work=Daily Dispatch|date=2024-06-12|accessdate=2026-05-24|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] 3o3tvn61kux4evaagv5bshck75e2fq2 Chaka Demus & Pliers 0 238483 1549990 2026-05-24T19:34:13Z Said Mfaume 68307 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Chaka Demus & Pliers | picha = {{multiple image | footer = | width = | image1 = Chaka Demus, 2009 (cropped).jpg | width1 = 160 | alt1 = | image2 = Pliers (Everton Bonner), 2009.JPG | width2 = 156 | alt2 = | align = center | border = none }} | maelezo = Chaka Demus (kushoto) na Pliers (kulia) mnamo mwaka 2009 | backgroun...' 1549990 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Chaka Demus & Pliers | picha = {{multiple image | footer = | width = | image1 = Chaka Demus, 2009 (cropped).jpg | width1 = 160 | alt1 = | image2 = Pliers (Everton Bonner), 2009.JPG | width2 = 156 | alt2 = | align = center | border = none }} | maelezo = Chaka Demus (kushoto) na Pliers (kulia) mnamo mwaka 2009 | background = group_or_band | asili = [[Kingston, Jamaika|Kingston]], Jamaika | aina = [[Reggae]], [[dancehall]] | miaka ya kazi = 1991–sasa | studio = [[Greensleeves Records|Greensleeves]], [[Ras Records|RAS]], [[Island Records|Island]], Explorer | washiriki wa sasa = *[[Chaka Demus]]<br />*[[Pliers (mwimbaji)|Pliers]] }} '''Chaka Demus & Pliers''' ni kundi la wanamuziki wawili wa [[reggae]] kutoka nchini Jamaika linaloundwa na [[Deejay (Jamaika)|deejay]] [[Chaka Demus]] (jina halisi John Taylor) na mwimbaji [[Pliers (mwimbaji)|Pliers]] (jina halisi Everton Bonner). Wanajulikana zaidi duniani kwa nyimbo zao zilizovuma sana za "[[Tease Me (wimbo wa Chaka Demus & Pliers)|Tease Me]]" na "[[Murder She Wrote]]". Kama kundi, walipata mafanikio makubwa zaidi ya kibiashara kwa mashabiki wa muziki wa pop baada ya kuanza ushirikiano wao mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1990 kuliko mafanikio waliyopata kila mmoja alipokuwa akifanya kazi peke yake hapo awali.<ref name="Music">{{cite book | first= Paul | last= Du Noyer | year= 2003 | title= The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Music | edition= 1st | publisher= Flame Tree Publishing | location= Fulham, London | isbn= 1-904041-96-5 | page= 361}}</ref> == Kazi ya kimuziki == Wasanii hawa wawili walikuwa tayari wamesha jizolea umaarufu kila mmoja peke yake walipoungana mnamo mwaka 1991 baada ya kutumbuiza pamoja jijini Miami, Marekani. Hapo awali Pliers alikuwa akifanya kazi pia kama kundi la watu wawili akishirikiana na msanii [[Pinchers]].<ref name="Thompson">Thompson, Dave (2002) ''Reggae & Caribbean Music'', Backbeat Books, {{ISBN|0-87930-655-6}}, pp. 94–96</ref> Wimbo wao wa kwanza wa pamoja uliovuma ulikuwa "Gal Wine", uliorekodiwa chini ya mtayarishaji [[Ossie Hibbert]].<ref name="Thompson" /> Baadaye waliendelea kufanya kazi na mfululizo wa watayarishaji nguli wakiwemo [[Ranking Joe]], [[Jah Screw]], [[King Jammy|Prince Jammy]], na [[Mafia & Fluxy]], ambapo nyimbo zao nyingi zilizofanikiwa zilijumuishwa kwenye albamu yao ya kwanza ya ''Gal Wine'' (1992).<ref name="Thompson" /> Walitumbuiza kwenye tamasha kubwa la [[Reggae Sunsplash]] mnamo mwaka 1992, na mwaka uliofuata walipata mafanikio makubwa ya kimataifa kupitia wimbo "[[Tease Me (wimbo wa Chaka Demus & Pliers)|Tease Me]]". Wimbo huo ulikaa kwenye chati za [[UK Singles Chart]] nchini Uingereza kwa muda wa miezi mitatu mfululizo mwaka 1993, ukishika nafasi ya 3 mwezi Julai.<ref name="Hamilton">Hamilton, Davina (2015) "[http://www.voice-online.co.uk/article/chaka-demus-pliers-reggaes-pioneering-pair Chaka Demus & Pliers: Reggae's pioneering pair]", ''The Voice'', 30 May 2015. Retrieved 25 April 2016</ref><ref>Moskowitz, David V. (2005) ''Caribbean Popular Music'', Greenwood Press, {{ISBN|978-0313331589}}, p. 53</ref> Walifuatia mafanikio hayo kwa kurudia wimbo wa [[Curtis Mayfield]] wa "[[She Don't Let Nobody]]" pamoja na kurudia wimbo wa kundi la Top Notes uitwao "[[Twist and Shout]]" (wakiwa wamemshirikisha [[Jack Radics]]). Wimbo huo wa "Twist and Shout" ulishika nafasi ya kwanza kwenye chati za Uingereza mwanzoni mwa mwaka 1994, na kuwafanya kuwa wasanii wa kwanza kutoka Jamaika kushika nafasi ya kwanza kwenye chati hizo ndani ya kipindi cha miaka 8,<ref name="Thompson" /> na kuwa wasanii wa kwanza kupata nyimbo tatu mfululizo zilizoshika nafasi tano za juu kwenye chati hizo.<ref name="Harris">Harris, Craig "[http://www.allmusic.com/artist/chaka-demus-pliers-mn0000161436/biography Chaka Demus & Pliers Biography]", [[Allmusic]]. Retrieved 25 April 2016</ref> Waliendelea kupata nyimbo nyingine zilizovuma Uingereza kama "I Wanna Be Your Man" (Nafasi ya 19) na "Gal Wine" (Nafasi ya 20), huku jumla ya nyimbo sita zilizovuma zikitoka kwenye albamu yao maarufu ya ''[[Tease Me (albamu)|Tease Me]]''.<ref name="Harris" /><ref name="Campbell">Campbell, Howard (2012) "[http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/entertainment/Chaka-Demus-and-Pliers---murder-they-wrote_11930150 Chaka Demus and Pliers — murder they wrote]", ''[[Jamaica Observer]]'', 11 July 2012, retrieved 2012-07-12</ref> Toleo jipya la albamu ya ''Tease Me'' nalo lilishika nafasi ya kwanza kwenye chati za albamu za Uingereza ([[UK Albums Chart]]) mwaka 1994 na kutunukiwa cheti cha dhahabu (gold certification) baada ya kuuza nakala zaidi ya 500,000.<ref name="Campbell" /> Mnamo mwaka 1996, walisaini mkataba chini ya studio ya [[Island Records]] na kutoa albamu ya ''For Every Kinda People''.<ref>Oumano. Elena (1996) "[https://books.google.com/books?id=7SsEAAAAMBAJ&dq=chaka+demus+pliers&pg=PA144 ''For Every Kinda People'']", ''[[Vibe (magazine)|Vibe]]'', November 1996, p. 144. Retrieved 25 April 2016</ref> Walitumbuiza tena kwenye tamasha la Sunsplash miaka ya 2004 na 2008, na kutoa albamu ya ''Help Them Lord'' mnamo mwaka 2001.<ref name="Thompson" /> Mnamo tarehe 18 Novemba 2007, Chaka Demus & Pliers walitumbuiza wimbo wao wa "Murder She Wrote" pamoja na mwanamuziki mashuhuri [[Alicia Keys]] kwenye jukwaa la tuzo za [[American Music Awards of 2007|American Music Awards]]. Katika majira ya joto ya mwaka 2008, walitumbuiza kwenye tamasha la kila mwaka la Detroit Caribbean Festival. Albamu yao ya ''So Proud'' ilitoka rasmi tarehe 6 Oktoba 2008. Mnamo Julai 2013, walitumbuiza pia kwenye kipengele cha reggae katika utoaji wa tuzo za [[BET Awards]] wakiwa pamoja na wasanii wengine kama [[Dawn Penn]], [[Beenie Man]], na [[Elephant Man (mwanamuziki)|Elephant Man]].<ref name="Hamilton" /> == Kazi za muziki == === Albamu === *''Gal Wine Wine Wine'' (1992), [[Greensleeves Records|Greensleeves]] *''Bad Mind'' (1992), Pow Wow *''Ruff This Year'' (1992), [[Ras Records|RAS]] *''[[Tease Me (albamu)|Tease Me]]'' (1993), Mango (pia ilitoka kwa jina la ''All She Wrote'') – Nafasi ya 1 Uingereza, Nafasi ya 6 New Zealand, Nafasi ya 45 Australia. *''For Every Kinda People'' (1996), [[Island Records|Island]] *''Consciousness a Lick'' (1995), Melodie *''Dangerous'' (2000), Fuel 2000 *''Help Them Lord'' (2001), RAS *''Trouble and War'' (2003), Prestige *''Back Against the Wall'' (2005), Explorer *''Back Off the Wall'', Nocturne *''So Proud'' (2008), AGR/Universal '''Albamu za Mchanganyiko (Compilations)''' *''Gold'' (1992), Charm *''Chaka Demus & Pliers'' (1992), Charm *''Unstoppable 1986-1992'' (1996), Emporio *''Murder She Wrote'' (2000), Spectrum *''Dancehall Dons'' (2001), Recall *''Ultimate Collection'' (2002), Hip O *''Dancehall Classics'' (2004), Rhythm Club *''Run the City'' (2006), Dynamic *''On Top of the World'' (2008), Dynamic === Nyimbo zilizotambulishwa kama singo === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |- ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:2em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:20em;"| Jina la Wimbo ! scope="col" colspan="10"| Nafasi Kwenye Chati ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:10em;"| Vyeti vya Mauzo ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:13em;"| Albamu |- !scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%"| [[ARIA Charts|AUS]]<br><ref name="AUS">{{cite web|url=https://australian-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Chaka+Demus+%26+Pliers|title=Discography Chaka Demus & Pliers|website=australian-charts.com|publisher=Hung Medien|access-date=2019-06-10}}</ref> !scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%"| [[Ultratop|BEL<br>(Fl)]]<br/><ref name="Belgium's positions">{{cite web|url=https://www.ultratop.be/nl/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Chaka+Demus+%26+Pliers|title=Discografie Chaka Demus & Pliers|language=nl|website=ultratop.be|publisher=Hung Medien|access-date=2019-06-10}}</ref> !scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%"| [[Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique|FRA]]<br><ref>{{cite web|url=https://lescharts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Chaka+Demus+%26+Pliers|title=Discographie Chaka Demus & Pliers|language=fr|website=lescharts.com|publisher=Hung Medien|access-date=2019-06-10}}</ref> !scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%"| [[GfK Entertainment charts|GER]]<br><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.offiziellecharts.de/suche?artist_search=Chaka+Demus+%26+Pliers&do_search=do|language=de|title=Suchen nach "Chaka Demus & Pliers"|website=offiziellecharts.de|publisher=[[GfK Entertainment charts]]|access-date=2019-06-10}}</ref> !scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%"| [[Irish Singles Chart|IRE]]<br><ref>{{cite web|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220615105015/http://irishcharts.ie/search/placement?page=1&search_type=artist&placement=Chaka+Demus|url=http://irishcharts.ie/search/placement?page=1&search_type=artist&placement=Chaka+Demus|url-status=live|title=Search results for "Chaka Demus"|website=irishcharts.ie|publisher=[[Irish Recorded Music Association]]|archive-date=15 June 2022|access-date=15 June 2022}}</ref> !scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%"| [[Dutch Single Top 100|NL]]<br><ref>{{cite web|url=https://dutchcharts.nl/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Chaka+Demus+%26+Pliers|title=Discografie Chaka Demus & Pliers|language=nl|website=dutchcharts.nl|publisher=Hung Medien|access-date=2019-06-10}}</ref> !scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%"| [[Official New Zealand Music Chart|NZ]]<br><ref name="NZ">{{cite web|url=https://charts.nz/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Chaka+Demus+%26+Pliers|title=Discography Chaka Demus & Pliers|website=charts.nz|publisher=Hung Medien|access-date=2019-06-10}}</ref> !scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%"| [[UK Singles Chart|UK]]<br><ref name="UK charts">{{cite web|url=https://www.officialcharts.com/artist/27599/chaka-demus-and-pliers/|title=Chaka Demus & Pliers - Full Official Chart History|website=officialcharts.com|publisher=[[Official Charts Company]]|access-date=2019-06-10}}</ref> !scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%"| Marekani<br>Hot 100<br><ref name="US Hot 100">{{cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/chaka-demus-pliers/chart-history|title=Chaka Demus & Pliers Chart History - Hot 100|website=billboard.com|publisher=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=2019-06-10|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118063724/https://www.billboard.com/music/chaka-demus-pliers|archive-date=2018-11-18}}</ref> !scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%"| Marekani<br>R&B<br><ref name="US R&B">{{cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/chaka-demus-pliers/chart-history/r-b-hip-hop-songs|title=Chaka Demus & Pliers Chart History - Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|website=billboard.com|publisher=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=2019-06-10}}{{dead link|date=December 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> |- | 1992 ! scope="row"| "[[Murder She Wrote]]" <small>(Toleo la Marekani)</small> | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 57 | 39 | * [[RMNZ]]: Platinamu |align="left" rowspan="8"|''Tease Me / All She Wrote'' |- | rowspan="4"| 1993 ! scope="row"| "[[Tease Me (wimbo wa Chaka Demus & Pliers)|Tease Me]]" | 5 | 16 | 47 | 31 | 16 | 5 | 15 | 3 | — | — | *[[Australian Recording Industry Association|ARIA]]: Dhahabu<ref name="AU certs"/> *[[British Phonographic Industry|BPI]]: Dhahabu<ref name="UK certs"/> *RMNZ: Dhahabu |- ! scope="row"| "I Wanna Be Your Man" <small>(Toleo la Marekani)</small> | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 87 | |- ! scope="row"| "[[She Don't Let Nobody (But Me)#Chaka Demus & Pliers version|She Don't Let Nobody]]" | 37 | 26 | 19 | 59 | 9 | 12 | 20 | 4 | — | — | *BPI: Fedha<ref name="UK certs"/> *RMNZ: Platinamu |- ! scope="row"| "[[Twist and Shout]]" <small>(akishirikiana na Jack Radics na [[Sly and Robbie|Taxi Gang]])</small> | 13 | 7 | 23 | 32 | 9 | 8 | 2 | 1 | — | — | *ARIA: Dhahabu<ref name="AU certs"/> *BPI: Dhahabu<ref name="UK certs"/> *RMNZ: Dhahabu |- | rowspan="3"| 1994 ! scope="row"| "Murder She Wrote" <small>(Toleo la Kimataifa)</small> | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 27 | — | — | *BPI: Dhahabu<ref name="UK certs"/> |- ! scope="row"| "I Wanna Be Your Man" <small>(Toleo la Kimataifa)</small> | — | — | — | — | — | — | 30 | 19 | — | — | |- ! scope="row"| "Gal Wine" | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 20 | — | — | |- | 1996 ! scope="row"| "[[Every Kinda People]]" | — | — | — | — | — | — | 15 | 47 | — | — | |align="left"|''For Every Kinda People'' |- | 1997 ! scope="row"| "[[Every Little Thing She Does Is Magic]]" | — | — | — | — | — | — | 19 | 51 | — | — | |align="left"|''Reggatta Mondatta (A Reggae Tribute to The Police)'' |} == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Chaka Demus and Pliers}} [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Jamaika]] avmu4209kuel27i5jx4ip64o1bw5f42 1550221 1549990 2026-05-25T08:53:51Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1550221 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Chaka Demus & Pliers | picha = {{multiple image | footer = | width = | image1 = Chaka Demus, 2009 (cropped).jpg | width1 = 160 | alt1 = | image2 = Pliers (Everton Bonner), 2009.JPG | width2 = 156 | alt2 = | align = center | border = none }} | maelezo = Chaka Demus (kushoto) na Pliers (kulia) mnamo mwaka 2009 | background = group_or_band | asili = [[Kingston, Jamaika|Kingston]], Jamaika | aina = [[Reggae]], [[dancehall]] | miaka ya kazi = 1991–sasa | studio = [[Greensleeves Records|Greensleeves]], [[Ras Records|RAS]], [[Island Records|Island]], Explorer | washiriki wa sasa = *[[Chaka Demus]]<br />*[[Pliers (mwimbaji)|Pliers]] }} '''Chaka Demus & Pliers''' ni kundi la wanamuziki wawili wa [[reggae]] kutoka nchini Jamaika linaloundwa na [[Deejay (Jamaika)|deejay]] [[Chaka Demus]] (jina halisi John Taylor) na mwimbaji [[Pliers (mwimbaji)|Pliers]] (jina halisi Everton Bonner). Wanajulikana zaidi duniani kwa nyimbo zao zilizovuma sana za "[[Tease Me (wimbo wa Chaka Demus & Pliers)|Tease Me]]" na "[[Murder She Wrote]]". Kama kundi, walipata mafanikio makubwa zaidi ya kibiashara kwa mashabiki wa muziki wa pop baada ya kuanza ushirikiano wao mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1990 kuliko mafanikio waliyopata kila mmoja alipokuwa akifanya kazi peke yake hapo awali.<ref name="Music">{{cite book | first= Paul | last= Du Noyer | year= 2003 | title= The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Music | edition= 1st | publisher= Flame Tree Publishing | location= Fulham, London | isbn= 1-904041-96-5 | page= 361}}</ref> == Kazi ya kimuziki == Wasanii hawa wawili walikuwa tayari wamesha jizolea umaarufu kila mmoja peke yake walipoungana mnamo mwaka 1991 baada ya kutumbuiza pamoja jijini Miami, Marekani. Hapo awali Pliers alikuwa akifanya kazi pia kama kundi la watu wawili akishirikiana na msanii [[Pinchers]].<ref name="Thompson">Thompson, Dave (2002) ''Reggae & Caribbean Music'', Backbeat Books, {{ISBN|0-87930-655-6}}, pp. 94–96</ref> Wimbo wao wa kwanza wa pamoja uliovuma ulikuwa "Gal Wine", uliorekodiwa chini ya mtayarishaji [[Ossie Hibbert]].<ref name="Thompson" /> Baadaye waliendelea kufanya kazi na mfululizo wa watayarishaji nguli wakiwemo [[Ranking Joe]], [[Jah Screw]], [[King Jammy|Prince Jammy]], na [[Mafia & Fluxy]], ambapo nyimbo zao nyingi zilizofanikiwa zilijumuishwa kwenye albamu yao ya kwanza ya ''Gal Wine'' (1992).<ref name="Thompson" /> Walitumbuiza kwenye tamasha kubwa la [[Reggae Sunsplash]] mnamo mwaka 1992, na mwaka uliofuata walipata mafanikio makubwa ya kimataifa kupitia wimbo "[[Tease Me (wimbo wa Chaka Demus & Pliers)|Tease Me]]". Wimbo huo ulikaa kwenye chati za [[UK Singles Chart]] nchini Uingereza kwa muda wa miezi mitatu mfululizo mwaka 1993, ukishika nafasi ya 3 mwezi Julai.<ref name="Hamilton">Hamilton, Davina (2015) "[http://www.voice-online.co.uk/article/chaka-demus-pliers-reggaes-pioneering-pair Chaka Demus & Pliers: Reggae's pioneering pair]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}", ''The Voice'', 30 May 2015. Retrieved 25 April 2016</ref><ref>Moskowitz, David V. (2005) ''Caribbean Popular Music'', Greenwood Press, {{ISBN|978-0313331589}}, p. 53</ref> Walifuatia mafanikio hayo kwa kurudia wimbo wa [[Curtis Mayfield]] wa "[[She Don't Let Nobody]]" pamoja na kurudia wimbo wa kundi la Top Notes uitwao "[[Twist and Shout]]" (wakiwa wamemshirikisha [[Jack Radics]]). Wimbo huo wa "Twist and Shout" ulishika nafasi ya kwanza kwenye chati za Uingereza mwanzoni mwa mwaka 1994, na kuwafanya kuwa wasanii wa kwanza kutoka Jamaika kushika nafasi ya kwanza kwenye chati hizo ndani ya kipindi cha miaka 8,<ref name="Thompson" /> na kuwa wasanii wa kwanza kupata nyimbo tatu mfululizo zilizoshika nafasi tano za juu kwenye chati hizo.<ref name="Harris">Harris, Craig "[http://www.allmusic.com/artist/chaka-demus-pliers-mn0000161436/biography Chaka Demus & Pliers Biography]", [[Allmusic]]. Retrieved 25 April 2016</ref> Waliendelea kupata nyimbo nyingine zilizovuma Uingereza kama "I Wanna Be Your Man" (Nafasi ya 19) na "Gal Wine" (Nafasi ya 20), huku jumla ya nyimbo sita zilizovuma zikitoka kwenye albamu yao maarufu ya ''[[Tease Me (albamu)|Tease Me]]''.<ref name="Harris" /><ref name="Campbell">Campbell, Howard (2012) "[http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/entertainment/Chaka-Demus-and-Pliers---murder-they-wrote_11930150 Chaka Demus and Pliers — murder they wrote]", ''[[Jamaica Observer]]'', 11 July 2012, retrieved 2012-07-12</ref> Toleo jipya la albamu ya ''Tease Me'' nalo lilishika nafasi ya kwanza kwenye chati za albamu za Uingereza ([[UK Albums Chart]]) mwaka 1994 na kutunukiwa cheti cha dhahabu (gold certification) baada ya kuuza nakala zaidi ya 500,000.<ref name="Campbell" /> Mnamo mwaka 1996, walisaini mkataba chini ya studio ya [[Island Records]] na kutoa albamu ya ''For Every Kinda People''.<ref>Oumano. Elena (1996) "[https://books.google.com/books?id=7SsEAAAAMBAJ&dq=chaka+demus+pliers&pg=PA144 ''For Every Kinda People'']", ''[[Vibe (magazine)|Vibe]]'', November 1996, p. 144. Retrieved 25 April 2016</ref> Walitumbuiza tena kwenye tamasha la Sunsplash miaka ya 2004 na 2008, na kutoa albamu ya ''Help Them Lord'' mnamo mwaka 2001.<ref name="Thompson" /> Mnamo tarehe 18 Novemba 2007, Chaka Demus & Pliers walitumbuiza wimbo wao wa "Murder She Wrote" pamoja na mwanamuziki mashuhuri [[Alicia Keys]] kwenye jukwaa la tuzo za [[American Music Awards of 2007|American Music Awards]]. Katika majira ya joto ya mwaka 2008, walitumbuiza kwenye tamasha la kila mwaka la Detroit Caribbean Festival. Albamu yao ya ''So Proud'' ilitoka rasmi tarehe 6 Oktoba 2008. Mnamo Julai 2013, walitumbuiza pia kwenye kipengele cha reggae katika utoaji wa tuzo za [[BET Awards]] wakiwa pamoja na wasanii wengine kama [[Dawn Penn]], [[Beenie Man]], na [[Elephant Man (mwanamuziki)|Elephant Man]].<ref name="Hamilton" /> == Kazi za muziki == === Albamu === *''Gal Wine Wine Wine'' (1992), [[Greensleeves Records|Greensleeves]] *''Bad Mind'' (1992), Pow Wow *''Ruff This Year'' (1992), [[Ras Records|RAS]] *''[[Tease Me (albamu)|Tease Me]]'' (1993), Mango (pia ilitoka kwa jina la ''All She Wrote'') – Nafasi ya 1 Uingereza, Nafasi ya 6 New Zealand, Nafasi ya 45 Australia. *''For Every Kinda People'' (1996), [[Island Records|Island]] *''Consciousness a Lick'' (1995), Melodie *''Dangerous'' (2000), Fuel 2000 *''Help Them Lord'' (2001), RAS *''Trouble and War'' (2003), Prestige *''Back Against the Wall'' (2005), Explorer *''Back Off the Wall'', Nocturne *''So Proud'' (2008), AGR/Universal '''Albamu za Mchanganyiko (Compilations)''' *''Gold'' (1992), Charm *''Chaka Demus & Pliers'' (1992), Charm *''Unstoppable 1986-1992'' (1996), Emporio *''Murder She Wrote'' (2000), Spectrum *''Dancehall Dons'' (2001), Recall *''Ultimate Collection'' (2002), Hip O *''Dancehall Classics'' (2004), Rhythm Club *''Run the City'' (2006), Dynamic *''On Top of the World'' (2008), Dynamic === Nyimbo zilizotambulishwa kama singo === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |- ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:2em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:20em;"| Jina la Wimbo ! scope="col" colspan="10"| Nafasi Kwenye Chati ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:10em;"| Vyeti vya Mauzo ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:13em;"| Albamu |- !scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%"| [[ARIA Charts|AUS]]<br><ref name="AUS">{{cite web|url=https://australian-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Chaka+Demus+%26+Pliers|title=Discography Chaka Demus & Pliers|website=australian-charts.com|publisher=Hung Medien|access-date=2019-06-10}}</ref> !scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%"| [[Ultratop|BEL<br>(Fl)]]<br/><ref name="Belgium's positions">{{cite web|url=https://www.ultratop.be/nl/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Chaka+Demus+%26+Pliers|title=Discografie Chaka Demus & Pliers|language=nl|website=ultratop.be|publisher=Hung Medien|access-date=2019-06-10}}</ref> !scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%"| [[Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique|FRA]]<br><ref>{{cite web|url=https://lescharts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Chaka+Demus+%26+Pliers|title=Discographie Chaka Demus & Pliers|language=fr|website=lescharts.com|publisher=Hung Medien|access-date=2019-06-10}}</ref> !scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%"| [[GfK Entertainment charts|GER]]<br><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.offiziellecharts.de/suche?artist_search=Chaka+Demus+%26+Pliers&do_search=do|language=de|title=Suchen nach "Chaka Demus & Pliers"|website=offiziellecharts.de|publisher=[[GfK Entertainment charts]]|access-date=2019-06-10}}</ref> !scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%"| [[Irish Singles Chart|IRE]]<br><ref>{{cite web|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220615105015/http://irishcharts.ie/search/placement?page=1&search_type=artist&placement=Chaka+Demus|url=http://irishcharts.ie/search/placement?page=1&search_type=artist&placement=Chaka+Demus|url-status=live|title=Search results for "Chaka Demus"|website=irishcharts.ie|publisher=[[Irish Recorded Music Association]]|archive-date=15 June 2022|access-date=15 June 2022}}</ref> !scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%"| [[Dutch Single Top 100|NL]]<br><ref>{{cite web|url=https://dutchcharts.nl/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Chaka+Demus+%26+Pliers|title=Discografie Chaka Demus & Pliers|language=nl|website=dutchcharts.nl|publisher=Hung Medien|access-date=2019-06-10}}</ref> !scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%"| [[Official New Zealand Music Chart|NZ]]<br><ref name="NZ">{{cite web|url=https://charts.nz/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Chaka+Demus+%26+Pliers|title=Discography Chaka Demus & Pliers|website=charts.nz|publisher=Hung Medien|access-date=2019-06-10}}</ref> !scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%"| [[UK Singles Chart|UK]]<br><ref name="UK charts">{{cite web|url=https://www.officialcharts.com/artist/27599/chaka-demus-and-pliers/|title=Chaka Demus & Pliers - Full Official Chart History|website=officialcharts.com|publisher=[[Official Charts Company]]|access-date=2019-06-10}}</ref> !scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%"| Marekani<br>Hot 100<br><ref name="US Hot 100">{{cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/chaka-demus-pliers/chart-history|title=Chaka Demus & Pliers Chart History - Hot 100|website=billboard.com|publisher=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=2019-06-10|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118063724/https://www.billboard.com/music/chaka-demus-pliers|archive-date=2018-11-18}}</ref> !scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%"| Marekani<br>R&B<br><ref name="US R&B">{{cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/chaka-demus-pliers/chart-history/r-b-hip-hop-songs|title=Chaka Demus & Pliers Chart History - Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|website=billboard.com|publisher=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=2019-06-10}}{{dead link|date=December 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> |- | 1992 ! scope="row"| "[[Murder She Wrote]]" <small>(Toleo la Marekani)</small> | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 57 | 39 | * [[RMNZ]]: Platinamu |align="left" rowspan="8"|''Tease Me / All She Wrote'' |- | rowspan="4"| 1993 ! scope="row"| "[[Tease Me (wimbo wa Chaka Demus & Pliers)|Tease Me]]" | 5 | 16 | 47 | 31 | 16 | 5 | 15 | 3 | — | — | *[[Australian Recording Industry Association|ARIA]]: Dhahabu<ref name="AU certs"/> *[[British Phonographic Industry|BPI]]: Dhahabu<ref name="UK certs"/> *RMNZ: Dhahabu |- ! scope="row"| "I Wanna Be Your Man" <small>(Toleo la Marekani)</small> | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 87 | |- ! scope="row"| "[[She Don't Let Nobody (But Me)#Chaka Demus & Pliers version|She Don't Let Nobody]]" | 37 | 26 | 19 | 59 | 9 | 12 | 20 | 4 | — | — | *BPI: Fedha<ref name="UK certs"/> *RMNZ: Platinamu |- ! scope="row"| "[[Twist and Shout]]" <small>(akishirikiana na Jack Radics na [[Sly and Robbie|Taxi Gang]])</small> | 13 | 7 | 23 | 32 | 9 | 8 | 2 | 1 | — | — | *ARIA: Dhahabu<ref name="AU certs"/> *BPI: Dhahabu<ref name="UK certs"/> *RMNZ: Dhahabu |- | rowspan="3"| 1994 ! scope="row"| "Murder She Wrote" <small>(Toleo la Kimataifa)</small> | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 27 | — | — | *BPI: Dhahabu<ref name="UK certs"/> |- ! scope="row"| "I Wanna Be Your Man" <small>(Toleo la Kimataifa)</small> | — | — | — | — | — | — | 30 | 19 | — | — | |- ! scope="row"| "Gal Wine" | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 20 | — | — | |- | 1996 ! scope="row"| "[[Every Kinda People]]" | — | — | — | — | — | — | 15 | 47 | — | — | |align="left"|''For Every Kinda People'' |- | 1997 ! scope="row"| "[[Every Little Thing She Does Is Magic]]" | — | — | — | — | — | — | 19 | 51 | — | — | |align="left"|''Reggatta Mondatta (A Reggae Tribute to The Police)'' |} == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Chaka Demus and Pliers}} [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Jamaika]] m5rcxyos1gicoh9r9q913hqs5j92lzx Jamii:Articles with dead external links from December 2021 14 238484 1549991 2026-05-24T19:35:33Z Said Mfaume 68307 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '__HIDDENCAT__' 1549991 wikitext text/x-wiki __HIDDENCAT__ 2twjmejn56ditxo46hqinfh52nh6flb Hans Brattestå 0 238485 1549992 2026-05-24T19:37:49Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Hans Brattestå''' (amezaliwa 17 Mei 1947 katika Ramnes) ni mtumishi wa umma na mwanasheria kutoka [[Norway]]. Tangu mwaka 1990 amekuwa mkurugenzi wa Bunge la Norwei. Alifanya kazi katika huduma ya mambo ya nje kuanzia 1978 hadi 1984, na baada ya hapo amekuwa mfanyakazi wa Bunge.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=[http://www.snl.no/Hans_Brattest%C3%A5|title=Hans](http://www.snl.no/Hans_Brattest%C3%A5|title=Hans) Brattestå|encyclopedia=Store Norske Leksiko...' 1549992 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hans Brattestå''' (amezaliwa 17 Mei 1947 katika Ramnes) ni mtumishi wa umma na mwanasheria kutoka [[Norway]]. Tangu mwaka 1990 amekuwa mkurugenzi wa Bunge la Norwei. Alifanya kazi katika huduma ya mambo ya nje kuanzia 1978 hadi 1984, na baada ya hapo amekuwa mfanyakazi wa Bunge.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=[http://www.snl.no/Hans_Brattest%C3%A5|title=Hans](http://www.snl.no/Hans_Brattest%C3%A5|title=Hans) Brattestå|encyclopedia=[[Store Norske Leksikon]]|accessdate=23 October 2009 |language=Norwegian|editor=Henriksen, Petter|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo}}</ref> Pia ni mjumbe wa bodi wa taasisi ya Lovdata.<ref>{{cite web |url=[http://www.lovdata.no/info/lawdata.html|title=The](http://www.lovdata.no/info/lawdata.html|title=The) Lovdata Foundation|publisher=Lovdata |accessdate=21 September 2010}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1947|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 1kbps90hr53tfktnn1qxw2lsz4duags Sissel Birgitte Breie 0 238486 1549993 2026-05-24T19:42:19Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sissel Birgitte Breie''' (amezaliwa 9 Septemba 1953) ni mwanadiplomasia wa [[Norwei]]. Alizaliwa mjini [[Oslo]] na alihitimu shahada ya Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Oslo mwaka 1981. Alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norwei katika mwaka huohuo, na baadaye alipangiwa kazi kama katibu wa ubalozi nchini [[Thailand]] kuanzia 1983 na katika ujumbe wa Norway katika [[Umoja wa Mataifa]] kuanzia 1986 hadi 1989.<ref name...' 1549993 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sissel Birgitte Breie''' (amezaliwa 9 Septemba 1953) ni mwanadiplomasia wa [[Norwei]]. Alizaliwa mjini [[Oslo]] na alihitimu shahada ya Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Oslo mwaka 1981. Alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norwei katika mwaka huohuo, na baadaye alipangiwa kazi kama katibu wa ubalozi nchini [[Thailand]] kuanzia 1983 na katika ujumbe wa Norway katika [[Umoja wa Mataifa]] kuanzia 1986 hadi 1989.<ref name=ntb>{{cite news|title=Sissel Birgitte Breie 50 år 9. september|agency=Norwegian News Agency|date=20 August 2003|language=Norwegian}}</ref> Baada ya kupandishwa cheo kuwa naibu mkurugenzi mwaka 1997, aliteuliwa kuwa balozi wa Norway nchini [[Argentina]] mwaka 1999. Kati ya 2003 na 2008 alifanya kazi ndani ya Norway, kwanza kama mshauri mkuu, kuanzia 2004 kama mkuu wa idara, na kuanzia 2006 kama balozi anayehudumia nchi za Afrika Magharibi. Baadaye alihudumu nje ya nchi tena kama konsula mkuu mjini [[New York City]] kuanzia 2008 hadi 2013, na baadaye balozi wa Norway nchini [[Yordani]] kuanzia 2013. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1953|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 5jhk8i58l8frypp0tw9fc311xzyvbhu Third World 0 238487 1549994 2026-05-24T19:44:30Z Said Mfaume 68307 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Third World | picha = ThirdWorld7.jpg | maelezo = Kundi la Third World likitumbuiza kwenye tamasha la [[Reggae Geel]] mnamo mwaka 2022 | background = group_or_band | asili = [[Kingston, Jamaika|Kingston]], Jamaika | aina = [[Reggae fusion]]<ref name="Adams">{{cite magazine|author=McAdams, Janine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hxAEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA15 |...' 1549994 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Third World | picha = ThirdWorld7.jpg | maelezo = Kundi la Third World likitumbuiza kwenye tamasha la [[Reggae Geel]] mnamo mwaka 2022 | background = group_or_band | asili = [[Kingston, Jamaika|Kingston]], Jamaika | aina = [[Reggae fusion]]<ref name="Adams">{{cite magazine|author=McAdams, Janine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hxAEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA15 |magazine=Billboard| date=25 July 1992|title=Third World Puts Reggae On Top|volume=104|issue=30|issn=0006-2510|publisher=Nielsen Business Media, Inc.|page=15}}</ref> | miaka ya kazi = {{start date|1973}}–sasa | studio = [[Cleopatra Records|Cleopatra]], [[Island Records|Island]], [[Columbia Records|Columbia]], [[Mercury Records|Mercury]], Third World Music Group | tovuti = {{URL|thirdworldband.com/}} | washiriki wa sasa = *Richard "Richie" Barr<br />*Richard Daley<br />*Tony "Ruption" Williams<br />*Norris "Noreiga" Webb<br />*AJ "Bobocelli" Brown }} '''Third World''' ni kundi la muziki wa [[reggae fusion]] kutoka nchini [[Jamaika]] lililoundwa mnamo mwaka 1973. Mtindo wao wa muziki uliathiriwa pakubwa na miondoko ya muziki wa [[Soul music|soul]], [[funk]], na [[disco]]. Ingawa kundi hili limepitia mabadiliko kadhaa ya washiriki tangu kuanzishwa kwake, Richard Daley amekuwa mwanachama wa kudumu tangu kundi hilo lilipoundwa mnamo mwaka 1973. == Historia == === Miaka ya 1970 === Third World ilianza pale mpiga kinanda [[Michael Cooper (mwanamuziki)|Michael "Ibo" Cooper]] na mpiga gitaa (pamoja na gitaa la cello) Stephen "Cat" Coore (mtoto wa aliyekuwa Naibu Waziri Mkuu David Coore)—ambao hapo awali walikuwa wakipiga muziki kwenye bendi ya The Alley Cats na baadaye [[Inner Circle (bendi ya reggae)|Inner Circle]]—walipoamua kuondoka na kuanzisha bendi yao wenyewe wakishirikiana na mwimbaji wa zamani wa Inner Circle, Milton "Prilly" Hamilton.<ref name="Thompson">{{cite book|author=Thompson, Dave|year=2002|title=Reggae & Caribbean Music|publisher=Backbeat Books|isbn=0-87930-655-6|pages=278–280}}</ref><ref name="Barrow">{{cite book|author1=Barow, Steve |author2=Dalton, Peter |year=2004|title=The Rough Guide to Reggae|edition=3rd|publisher=Rough Guides|isbn=1-84353-329-4|page=148}}</ref> Walimchukua mpiga gitaa la besi Richard Daley (aliyekuwa akipiga kwenye bendi ya [[Ken Boothe]] na kundi la Tomorrow's Children), na kumwongeza mpiga ngoma Carl Barovier pamoja na mpiga vyombo vya mdundo wa zamani wa Inner Circle, Irvin "Carrot" Jarrett, kabla ya kufanya onyesho lao la kwanza jukwaani mapema mwaka 1974.<ref name="Thompson" /> Baada ya kurekodi baadhi ya nyimbo chini ya mtayarishaji [[Geoffrey Chung]] ambazo hazikutolewa rasmi, wimbo wao wa kwanza rasmi uliotoka ulikuwa "Railroad Track" (1974) waliojitayarisha wenyewe.<ref name="Thompson" /> Katika siku zao za mapema, walitumbuiza zaidi kwenye hoteli na klabu za usiku jijini Kingston na (wakiwa pamoja na [[The Wailers]]) walisindikiza kundi la [[The Jackson Five]] walipotumbuiza kwenye Uwanja wa Kitaifa wa Jamaika.<ref name="Thompson" /> Baadaye walisaini mkataba chini ya studio ya [[Island Records]] na kufanya ziara ya kimuziki barani Ulaya pamoja na The Wailers.<ref name="Thompson" /> Albamu yao ya kwanza iliyobeba jina la bendi hiyo ''[[Third World (albamu ya Third World)|Third World]]'' ilitoka mwaka 1976. Albamu hiyo ilijumuisha wimbo wa kurudiwa wa "[[Satta Massagana]]", ambao hapo awali uliimbwa na kundi la [[The Abyssinians]], na ukawa wimbo uliopendwa sana nchini humo. Hamilton na Cornell Marshall (aliyechukua nafasi ya Barovier hapo awali) walitoka na nafasi zao kuchukuliwa na wanachama wengine wawili wa zamani wa Inner Circle: mwimbaji [[Bunny Rugs|William "Bunny Rugs" Clarke]] na mpiga ngoma Willie Stewart kabla ya kurekodi albamu yao ya pili, ''[[96° in the Shade]]'' (1977), iliyovuma sana ndani ya Jamaika. Kati ya nyimbo nane zilizokuwemo, zilizong'ara zaidi ni "1865 (96° in the Shade)" (wimbo unaozungumzia mapinduzi ya [[Morant Bay rebellion]] ya mwaka 1865), "Rhythm of Life", na wimbo pekee wa kurudiwa wa "Dreamland", ulioandikwa na [[Bunny Wailer]].<ref name="Thompson" /> Walitumbuiza mbele ya umati wa watu 80,000 kwenye tamasha la Smile Jamaica mnamo mwaka 1976.<ref name="Thompson" /> Mnamo mwaka 1977, bendi hii ilishirikiana na daktari wa magonjwa ya akili Frederick Hickling katika kuandaa onyesho la ''Explanitations'' lililofanyika kwenye jukwaa la Little Theatre jijini Kingston mapema mwaka uliofuata.<ref name="Hickling">{{cite book|author=Hickling, Frederick W.|year=2012|title=Psychohistoriography|isbn=978-1849053570|pages=74–78|publisher=Jessica Kingsley Publishers }}</ref> == Mtindo wa muziki == Ingawa bendi hii ilipiga muziki wa [[roots reggae]], walijumuisha pia mitindo mingine kwenye kazi zao. Ushawishi wa mapema kutoka kwa The Wailers ndio uliochochea kuundwa kwa bendi hiyo ili kuelekea upande mpya unaochanganya reggae na aina nyingine za muziki.<ref name="Thompson" /> Ladha yao iliyolenga zaidi muziki wa pop iliwavutia ukosoaji kutoka kwa wapenzi wakomavu wa reggae ambao hawakufurahishwa na kitendo cha bendi hiyo kuingiza miondoko ya soul ya Kimarekani na [[Contemporary R&B|R&B]] kwenye muziki wao.<ref name="Vleck">{{cite magazine|author=van Vleck, Philip|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yQ0EAAAAMBAJ&dq=%22third+world%22+reggae&pg=PA60|title=Third World ''Ain't Givin' Up''|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|date=31 May 2003|page=60|access-date=8 September 2012}}</ref> Bendi hii imewahi pia kupiga muziki wa folk-pop, hard rock, [[bossa nova]], rap, pop-jazz, [[doo-wop]], na [[Calypso music|calypso]].<ref name="Wartofsky">{{cite news|author=Wartofsky, Alona|title=Third World, From Reggae to Rap|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|date=16 April 1990|page=B9}}</ref><ref name="Bordowitz">{{cite book|author=Bordowitz, Hank|year=2004|title=Noise of the World: Non-Western Musicians in Their Own Words|publisher=Soft Skull Press|isbn=9781932360608|page=5}}</ref> Mtindo wao unafahamika zaidi kama [[reggae fusion]].<ref name="Adams" /> Bunny Rugs aliwahi kuuelezea muziki wao kwa kusema: "Kama bendi ya reggae pekee, hapana. Lakini hakika sisi ni bendi ya reggae, ndiyo."<ref name="Adams" /> Cat Coore naye alisema: "Mchanganyiko wa aina mbalimbali za muziki kwetu ni kitu cha asili kwa sababu, kwa kukulia Jamaika, tunajua mizizi halisi ya reggae na ska. Wakati huo huo tunaishi kwenye nchi ambayo unapata fursa ya kuwasikia wasanii kama [[Chuck Berry]], [[Fats Domino]] na wasanii wote wa R&B."<ref name="Darling" /> Mpiga besi Richard Daley aliongeza kuwa: "Tulichukua muziki wa roots reggae na kuuwekea matawi juu yake." == Washiriki == [[File:ThirdWorld5.jpg|thumb|Stephen "Cat" Coore wa bendi ya Third World akitumbuiza kwenye tamasha la [[Reggae Geel]] mwaka 2022]] === Washiriki wa sasa === *Richard Daley – gitaa la besi <small>(1973–sasa)</small> *Richard Barr - gitaa la besi <small>(2021–sasa)</small> *Tony "Ruption" Williams – ngoma <small>(1997–sasa)</small> *Norris "Noriega" Webb – kinanda <small>(2007–sasa)</small> *AJ Brown – sauti <small>(2014–sasa)</small> === Washiriki wa zamani === *[[Bunny Rugs|William "Bunny Rugs" Clarke]] – sauti, gitaa <small>(1976–2014; alifariki 2014)</small> *[[Michael Cooper (mwanamuziki)|Michael "Ibo" Cooper]] – kinanda <small>(1973–1997; alifariki 2023)</small> *Stephen "Cat" Coore - gitaa, cello <small>(1973–2026; alifariki 2026)</small> *Irvin "Carrot" Jarrett – vyombo vya mdundo <small>(1973–1983; alifariki 2018)</small> *Carl Barovier – ngoma <small>(1973–1976)</small> *Milton "Prilly" Hamilton – sauti <small>(1973–1976; alifariki 2025)</small> *Willie Stewart – ngoma <small>(1976–1997)</small> *Rupert "Gypsy" Bent III – gitaa, kinanda, vyombo vya mdundo, sauti <small>(1989, 1994)</small> *Leroy "Baarbe" Romans – kinanda <small>(1997–1999)</small> *Mikel Wallace – kinanda <small>(1999)</small> *Herbie Harris – kinanda <small>(2002–2010)</small> *Maurice Gregory - kinanda <small>(2010–2020)</small> == Kazi za Muziki == === Albamu za Studio === {|class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" border="1" |+ Orodha ya albamu na nafasi zilizoshika kwenye chati ! scope="col" rowspan=2 style="width:20em;"| Jina la Albamu ! scope="col" rowspan=2 | Mwaka ! scope="col" rowspan=2 | Studio/Lebo ! scope="col" colspan=3 | Nafasi Kwenye Chati |- ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%";"|[[UK Albums Chart|Uingereza]]<br><ref name="British Hit Singles & Albums">{{cite book|first=David|last=Roberts|year=2006|title=British Hit Singles & Albums|edition=19th|publisher=Guinness World Records Limited|location=London|isbn=1-904994-10-5|page=556}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%";"|[[Billboard Hot 200|Marekani]]<br><ref name="Awards">{{cite web|title=Third World - Awards|url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/third-world-mn0000494474/awards|publisher=[[AllMusic]]|access-date=2 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130127235842/http://www.allmusic.com/artist/third-world-mn0000494474/awards|archive-date=27 January 2013}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%";"|Marekani R&B<br><ref name="Awards"/> |- ! scope="row" | ''[[Third World (albamu ya Third World)|Third World]]'' | 1976 | rowspan="5"|[[Island Records|Island]] | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | ''[[96° in the Shade]]'' | 1977 | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | ''[[Journey to Addis]]'' | 1978 | 30 | 55 | 14 |- ! scope="row" | ''[[The Story's Been Told]]'' | 1979 | — | 157 | — |- ! scope="row" | ''Arise in Harmony'' | 1980 | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | ''Rock the World'' | 1981 | [[Columbia Records|CBS]] | 37 | 186 | 50 |- ! scope="row" | ''You've Got the Power'' | 1982 | Columbia | 87 | 63 | 20 |- ! scope="row" | ''All the Way Strong'' | 1983 | rowspan="2"|CBS | — | 137 | 50 |- ! scope="row" | ''Sense of Purpose'' | 1985 | — | 119 | 42 |- ! scope="row" | ''Hold on to Love'' | 1987 | Columbia | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | ''[[Serious Business (albamu ya Third World)|Serious Business]]'' | 1989 | [[Mercury Records|Mercury]] | — | 107 | 30 |- ! scope="row" | ''Committed'' | 1992 | Mercury | — | — | 51 |- ! scope="row" | ''Live It Up'' | 1995 | Bud Music | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | ''Generation Coming'' | rowspan="2"|1999 | Déclic Communication | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | ''The Story's Been Told'' | Island | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | ''Ain't Givin' Up'' | 2003 | [[Shanachie Records|Shanachie]] | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | ''Riddim Haffa Rule'' | 2004 | Music Avenue | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | ''Black Gold Green'' | 2005 | Nocturne | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | ''Patriots'' | 2010 | Third World Music Group | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | ''Under the Magic Sun'' | 2014 | Cleopatra | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | ''More Work to Be Done'' | 2019 | Ghetto Youths International | — | — | — |- | colspan="6" style="font-size:90%"| Alama ya "—" inamaanisha albamu haikuingia kwenye chati hizo. |} === Albamu za Onyesho la Jukwaani (Live) === {|class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" border="1" |+ Orodha ya albamu za jukwaani na nafasi kwenye chati ! scope="col" rowspan=2 style="width:20em;"| Jina la Albamu ! scope="col" rowspan=2 | Mwaka ! scope="col" rowspan=2 | Lebo ! scope="col" colspan=2 | Nafasi Kwenye Chati |- ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%";"|[[Billboard Hot 200|Marekani]]<br><ref name="Awards"/> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%";"|Marekani R&B<br><ref name="Awards"/> |- ! scope="row" | ''Prisoner in the Street'' | 1980 | Island | 186 | 59 |- ! scope="row" | ''Dedicated to Stevie Wonder'' | 1982 | Buccaneer | — | — |- ! scope="row" | ''Third World Live'' | 2001 | rowspan="2"|Tabou 1 | — | — |- ! scope="row" | ''Live in Hawaii & Jamaica'' | 2002 | — | — |- ! scope="row" | ''Music Hall in Concert'' | 2007 | Membran Music | — | — |- | colspan="6" style="font-size:90%"| Alama ya "—" inamaanisha albamu haikuingia kwenye chati hizo. |} === Albamu za Mchanganyiko (Compilations) === {|class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" border="1" |+ Orodha ya albamu za mchanganyiko ! scope="col" style="width:20em;"| Jina la Albamu ! scope="col" | Mwaka ! scope="col" | Lebo |- ! scope="row" | ''Reggae Greats'' | 1985 | Island |- ! scope="row" | ''Reggae Ambassadors'' | 1994 | Chronicles |- ! scope="row" | ''The Best of Third World'' | 1993 | Sony |- ! scope="row" | ''Greatest Hits'' | 1995 | Columbia |- ! scope="row" | ''25th Anniversary'' | 2001 | BMG |- ! scope="row" | ''Now That We've Found Love'' | 2004 | Charly |- ! scope="row" | ''Tuff Mi Tuff'' | 2006 | Noble Price |- ! scope="row" | ''The Best of Third World: The Millennium Collection'' | 2007 | Island |} === Singo zao === {|class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" border="1" |+ Orodha ya nyimbo zilizovuma na nafasi kwenye chati ! scope="col" rowspan=2 style="width:20em;"| Jina la Wimbo ! scope="col" rowspan=2 | Mwaka ! scope="col" rowspan=2 | Lebo ! scope="col" colspan=5 | Nafasi Kwenye Chati |- ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%";"|[[Kent Music Report|AUS]]<br><ref name=aus>{{cite book|last=Kent|first=David|authorlink=David Kent (historian)|title=Australian Chart Book 1970–1992|edition=illustrated|publisher=Australian Chart Book|location=St Ives, N.S.W.|year=1993|isbn=0-646-11917-6|page=308}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%";"|[[UK Singles Chart|Uingereza]]<br><ref name="British Hit Singles & Albums"/><ref name="UK">{{cite web|title=THIRD WORLD - full Official Chart History|url=https://www.officialcharts.com/artist/17137/third-world/|publisher=[[Official Charts Company]]|access-date=10 October 2022}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%";"|[[Billboard Hot 100|Marekani]]<br><ref name="VF">{{cite web|title=Third World Top Songs / Chart Singles Discography|url=https://www.musicvf.com/Third+World.art|website=Music VF|access-date=2 January 2022}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%";"|Marekani R&B<br><ref name="VF"/> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%";"|Marekani Dance<br><ref name="VF"/> |- ! scope="row" | "Railroad Track" | 1975 | rowspan="8"|Island | — | — | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | "96º in the Shade" | 1977 | — | — | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | "[[Now That We Found Love]]" | rowspan="2"|1978 | — | 10 | 47 | 9 | — |- ! scope="row" | "Cool Meditation" | — | 17 | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | "One Cold Vibe (Couldn't Stop Dis Ya Boogie)" | rowspan="5"|1979 | — | — | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | "Tonight for Me" | — | — | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | "The Story's Been Told" | — | — | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | "Talk to Me" | — | 56 | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | "Always Around" | Jah's Music/Island | — | — | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | "Street Fighting" | rowspan="2"|1980 | Cav Lip | — | — | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | "Rooths with Quality" | Observers | — | — | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | "Dancing on the Floor (Hooked on Love)" | rowspan="2"|1981 | rowspan="3"|CBS | — | 10 | — | 88 | — |- ! scope="row" | "Standing in the Rain" | — | — | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | "Try Jah Love" | rowspan="3"|1982 | 55 | 47 | 101 | 23 | 17 |- ! scope="row" | "You're Playing Us Too Close" | Columbia | — | — | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | "Ride On" | rowspan="5"|CBS | — | — | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | "Love Is Out to Get You" | rowspan="2"|1983 | — | — | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | "Lagos Jump" | — | — | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | "Sense of Purpose" | rowspan="4"|1985 | — | — | — | 51 | 45 |- ! scope="row" | "One More Time" | — | 99 | — | — | 8 |- ! scope="row" | "One to One" | Columbia | — | — | — | 76 | — |- ! scope="row" | "Now That We Found Love" <small>(Toleo jipya)</small> | Island | — | 22 | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | "Hold on to Love" | rowspan="3"|1987 | CBS | — | — | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | "Over Due" | Jah's Music | — | — | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | "The Spirit Lives" | Columbia | — | — | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | "It's the Same Old Song" | rowspan="2"|1989 | rowspan="2"|Mercury | — | 80 | — | 77 | — |- ! scope="row" | "Forbidden Love" | — | — | — | 17 | — |- ! scope="row" | "Live in the Balance" | 1991 | Jah's Music | — | — | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | "Committed" | 1992 | Mercury | — | — | — | 27 | — |- ! scope="row" | "Talk to Me" <small>(Toleo jipya)</small> | 1994 | Great Jones | — | — | — | — | 19 |- ! scope="row" | "Dem Man Deh" | 1996 | rowspan="2"|Taxi | — | — | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | "Baltimore" | 1997 | — | — | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | "Reggae Party" <small>(akishirikiana na [[Shaggy (mwanamuziki)|Shaggy]])</small> | 1999 | Eagle | — | — | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | "Dread Eyes" | 2000 | Reggae Blitz | — | — | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | "Ya Ya Ya Jamaica" | 2001 | BMG | — | — | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | "96 Degrees Cover (2nd Generation)" <small>(akishirikiana na Stephen na Damian Marley)</small> | 2011 | Third World Music Group | — | — | — | — | — |- ! scope="row" | "Loving You Is Easy" | 2018 | Ghetto Youths International | — | — | — | — | — |- | colspan="8" style="font-size:90%"| Alama ya "—" inamaanisha wimbo haikuingia kwenye chati hizo. |} == Tuzo na teuzi == === Tuzo za Grammy === Tuzo za [[Grammy Award|Grammy]] hutolewa kila mwaka na taasisi ya [[National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences]] ya Marekani. Kundi la Third World limebahatika kupata jumla ya teuzi (nominations) tisa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.grammy.com/artists/third-world/8530|title=Third World|website=Grammy.com|date=June 24, 2023}}</ref> {{awards table}} |- |[[Tuzo za 25 za Grammy|1983]] |''Reggae Sunsplash '81: A Tribute to Bob Marley'' |[[Grammy Award for Best Ethnic or Traditional Folk Recording|Onyesho Bora la Muziki wa Kiasili au Kienyeji]] |{{nom}} |- |[[Tuzo za 30 za Grammy|1988]] |''Hold On to Love'' |rowspan=8|[[Grammy Award for Best Reggae Album|Albamu Bora ya Reggae]] |{{nom}} |- |[[Tuzo za 32 za Grammy|1990]] |''Serious Business'' |{{nom}} |- |[[Tuzo za 35 za Grammy|1993]] |''Committed'' |{{nom}} |- |[[Tuzo za 38 za Grammy|1996]] |''Live It Up'' |{{nom}} |- |[[Tuzo za 42 za Grammy|2000]] |''Generation Coming'' |{{nom}} |- |[[Tuzo za 46 za Grammy|2004]] |''Ain't Givin' Up'' |{{nom}} |- |[[Tuzo za 48 za Grammy|2006]] |''Black Gold & Green'' |{{nom}} |- |[[Tuzo za 62 za Grammy|2020]] |''More Work to Be Done'' |{{nom}} {{end}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.thirdworldband.com/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Third World] * {{discogs artist|Third World}} * {{IMDb name|2343663}} {{Third World (bendi)}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Third World}} [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Jamaika]] sb8rpwd9d8zgqd8cjh83akttnky8384 Jens Arnfinn Brødsjømoen 0 238488 1549995 2026-05-24T19:45:48Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jens Arnfinn Brødsjømoen''' (amezaliwa 19 Januari 1958) ni mwanasiasa kutoka [[Norwei]] anayewakilisha Chama cha Kidemokrasia cha Kikristo (Norwei). Aliwahi kuwa mbunge mbadala (deputy representative) wa Bunge la Norwei kutoka eneo la [[Telemark]] katika vipindi vya 1993–1997 na 1997–2001. Kwa jumla alihudhuria siku 8 za vikao vya bunge.<ref>{{Stortingetbio|HEAB}}</ref> Katika ngazi ya serikali za mitaa, aliwahi kuwa naibu meya wa Drangedal,<ref...' 1549995 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jens Arnfinn Brødsjømoen''' (amezaliwa 19 Januari 1958) ni mwanasiasa kutoka [[Norwei]] anayewakilisha Chama cha Kidemokrasia cha Kikristo (Norwei). Aliwahi kuwa mbunge mbadala (deputy representative) wa Bunge la Norwei kutoka eneo la [[Telemark]] katika vipindi vya 1993–1997 na 1997–2001. Kwa jumla alihudhuria siku 8 za vikao vya bunge.<ref>{{Stortingetbio|HEAB}}</ref> Katika ngazi ya serikali za mitaa, aliwahi kuwa naibu meya wa Drangedal,<ref>{{cite web |url=[http://www.drangedal.org/bildearkiv/?id=6426](http://www.drangedal.org/bildearkiv/?id=6426) |title=Drangedal Historielag |website=[www.drangedal.org](http://www.drangedal.org) |url-status=dead |archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20131004223526/http://www.drangedal.org/bildearkiv/?id=6426](https://web.archive.org/web/20131004223526/http://www.drangedal.org/bildearkiv/?id=6426) |archive-date=2013-10-04}} </ref> na pia alifanya kazi kama afisa mkuu wa fedha (chief financial officer) wa manispaa ya Drangedal.<ref>{{cite web |url=[http://www.drangedalsposten.no/index.cfm?event=doLink&famId=180856](http://www.drangedalsposten.no/index.cfm?event=doLink&famId=180856) |title=Drangedalsposten - Taper million på nedgang i folketallet |website=[www.drangedalsposten.no](http://www.drangedalsposten.no) |url-status=dead |archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20131004230151/http://www.drangedalsposten.no/index.cfm?event=doLink&famId=180856](https://web.archive.org/web/20131004230151/http://www.drangedalsposten.no/index.cfm?event=doLink&famId=180856) |archive-date=2013-10-04}} </ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1958|}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Brodsjoemoen, Jens Arnfinn}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 0fb5zjy3u3208iigpl1b0awac2flhn6 Knut Brofoss 0 238489 1549997 2026-05-24T19:51:18Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Knut Brofoss''' (9 Oktoba 1948 – 3 Aprili 2025) alikuwa mtumishi wa umma wa [[Norwei]]. Alizaliwa mjini [[Oslo]] akiwa mtoto wa mchumi na mwanasiasa Erik Brofoss. Knut Brofoss alisoma shahada ya Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria na aliajiriwa katika Wizara ya Sheria na Polisi ya Norway mwaka 1975. Kuanzia mwaka 1983 alifanya kazi katika Wizara ya Masuala ya Kijamii ya Norway. Mwaka 1988 hadi 1999 aliwahi kuwa naibu katibu mkuu wa wizara, na mwaka 1999 al...' 1549997 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Knut Brofoss''' (9 Oktoba 1948 – 3 Aprili 2025) alikuwa mtumishi wa umma wa [[Norwei]]. Alizaliwa mjini [[Oslo]] akiwa mtoto wa mchumi na mwanasiasa Erik Brofoss. Knut Brofoss alisoma shahada ya Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria na aliajiriwa katika Wizara ya Sheria na Polisi ya Norway mwaka 1975. Kuanzia mwaka 1983 alifanya kazi katika Wizara ya Masuala ya Kijamii ya Norway. Mwaka 1988 hadi 1999 aliwahi kuwa naibu katibu mkuu wa wizara, na mwaka 1999 alihudumu kama kaimu katibu mkuu wa kudumu wa serikali. Kati ya 1999 na 2000 alifanya kazi kama mwendesha mashtaka katika Mamlaka ya Taifa ya Uchunguzi na Mashtaka ya Uhalifu wa Kiuchumi na Mazingira ya Norway. Baadaye aliteuliwa kuwa mkurugenzi mkuu wa Taasisi ya Utafiti wa Pombe na Dawa za Kulevya ya Norway.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|year=|title=Knut Brofoss|encyclopedia=Store norske leksikon|language=no|url=[http://www.snl.no/Knut_Brofoss|accessdate=13](http://www.snl.no/Knut_Brofoss|accessdate=13) November 2009}}</ref> Mwaka 2005 aliteuliwa kuwa mkurugenzi wa Mahakama ya Bima ya Taifa ya Norway.<ref>{{cite news|title=Offisielt fra statsråd 17. juni 2005|agency=Norwegian News Agency|date=17 June 2005|language=Norwegian}}</ref> [Trine Fernsjø alichukua nafasi hiyo mwaka 2016.<ref>{{cite news|url=[https://www.regjeringen.no/no/dokumentarkiv/regjeringen-solberg/aktuelt-regjeringen-solberg/asd/pressemeldinger/2016/trine-fernsjo-ny-leder-for-trygderetten/id2505038/|title=Trine](https://www.regjeringen.no/no/dokumentarkiv/regjeringen-solberg/aktuelt-regjeringen-solberg/asd/pressemeldinger/2016/trine-fernsjo-ny-leder-for-trygderetten/id2505038/|title=Trine) Fernsjø ny leder for Trygderetten|date=17 June 2016|publisher=[[Government.no]]|language=no|access-date=14 May 2025}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1948|2025}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] lmblofgjv0s28te6fx019jfnku7uecy Jørg Willy Bronebakk 0 238490 1549999 2026-05-24T19:57:37Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jørg Willy Bronebakk''' (amezaliwa 5 Machi 1947) ni mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norway]]. Ana shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria na alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1974.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|year=|title=Jørg Willy Bronebakk|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|editor=|publisher=|location=|url=[http://www.snl.no/J%C3%B8rg_Willy_Bronebakk|language=Norwegian|accessdate=5](http://www.snl.no/J%C3%B8rg_Willy_Bronebak...' 1549999 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jørg Willy Bronebakk''' (amezaliwa 5 Machi 1947) ni mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norway]]. Ana shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria na alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1974.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|year=|title=Jørg Willy Bronebakk|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|editor=|publisher=|location=|url=[http://www.snl.no/J%C3%B8rg_Willy_Bronebakk|language=Norwegian|accessdate=5](http://www.snl.no/J%C3%B8rg_Willy_Bronebakk|language=Norwegian|accessdate=5) April 2014}}</ref> Alihudumu katika balozi za [[Saudi Arabia]] kuanzia 1976 hadi 1979, [[Ujerumani Magharibi]] kuanzia 1979 hadi 1982, na [[Marekani]] kuanzia 1989 hadi 1993, kisha akahudumu katika ujumbe wa [[NATO]] mjini [[Brussels]] kuanzia 1993 hadi 1996.<ref name=denm>{{cite news|title=Norges visittkort i København|work=[[Aftenposten]]|date=1 December 2007|author=Hegge, Liss|language=Norwegian}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1947|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 6mdarpgtf4lntp1jlzlfvmjrdu586b2 Kristin Bølgen Bronebakk 0 238491 1550000 2026-05-24T20:03:22Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Kristin Bølgen Bronebakk''' (11 Juni 1950 – 8 Machi 2012) alikuwa mtumishi wa umma wa [[Norwei]]. Alihitimu shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Oslo mwaka 1983, na baadaye alipata shahada ya Master of General Administration kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Maryland, College Park mwaka 1993. Alifanya kazi kama karani katika Taasisi ya Taifa ya Utafiti wa Masuala ya Watumiaji kuanzia 1974 hadi 1976 na tena 1982 hadi 1985, na baadaye akaendelea kuf...' 1550000 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kristin Bølgen Bronebakk''' (11 Juni 1950 – 8 Machi 2012) alikuwa mtumishi wa umma wa [[Norwei]]. Alihitimu shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Oslo mwaka 1983, na baadaye alipata shahada ya Master of General Administration kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Maryland, College Park mwaka 1993. Alifanya kazi kama karani katika Taasisi ya Taifa ya Utafiti wa Masuala ya Watumiaji kuanzia 1974 hadi 1976 na tena 1982 hadi 1985, na baadaye akaendelea kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Sheria na Polisi ya Norway kuanzia 1985.<ref name=hvem>{{cite book |title=Hvem er hvem? |chapter=Bronebakk, Kristin Bølgen |year=2008 |editor=Åmås, Knut Olav |editor-link=Knut Olav Åmås |publisher=Aschehoug |location=Oslo |isbn=978-82-03-23561-0 |page=79 }}</ref> Alihudumu kama naibu katibu mkuu wa wizara hadi alipojitoa kazini mwaka 2009.<ref name=obit>{{cite news|url=[http://www.kriminalomsorgen.no/kristin-boelgen-bronebakk-til-minne.5030358-77856.html|title=Kristin](http://www.kriminalomsorgen.no/kristin-boelgen-bronebakk-til-minne.5030358-77856.html|title=Kristin) Bølgen Bronebakk til minne|publisher=[[Norwegian Correctional Services]]|language=Norwegian|date=8 March 2012|accessdate=16 March 2012}}</ref> Baadaye alianza masomo ya uzamivu (PhD) katika kriminolojia katika Kitivo cha Sheria, Chuo Kikuu cha Oslo.<ref>{{cite news|title=60 år 11. juni: Ekspedisjonssjef Kristin Bølgen Bronebakk|date=21 May 2010|language=Norwegian|agency=[[Norwegian News Agency]]}}</ref> Pia alikuwa mjumbe wa bodi ya International Corrections and Prisons Association tangu 2006.<ref name=hvem/> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1950|2012}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] r4570k8d4luw9xhsgz4vybprwfkrvs4 Mona Elisabeth Brøther 0 238492 1550001 2026-05-24T20:06:54Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mona Elisabeth Brøther''' (amezaliwa 9 Januari 1952) ni mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norway]]. Ana shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria na alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1979. Alikuwa naibu mkurugenzi (subdirector) kuanzia 1995 na baadaye mkuu wa idara kwa muda mfupi mwaka 2000. Hata hivyo, muda mfupi baadaye aliteuliwa kuwa balozi wa Norway nchini [[Chile]] kuanzia 2000 hadi 2004. Baada ya hapo alirudi Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje a...' 1550001 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mona Elisabeth Brøther''' (amezaliwa 9 Januari 1952) ni mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norway]]. Ana shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria na alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1979. Alikuwa naibu mkurugenzi (subdirector) kuanzia 1995 na baadaye mkuu wa idara kwa muda mfupi mwaka 2000. Hata hivyo, muda mfupi baadaye aliteuliwa kuwa balozi wa Norway nchini [[Chile]] kuanzia 2000 hadi 2004. Baada ya hapo alirudi Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje akiwa mshauri mkuu kwa miaka mitano na baadaye mkuu wa idara kwa miaka mitatu. Kuanzia 2012 hadi 2015 aliwahi kuwa balozi wa Norway nchini [[Canada]], kisha alifanya kazi tena kama mshauri mkuu kwa mwaka mmoja kabla ya kustaafu.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Mona Elisabeth Brøther|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|url=[http://snl.no/Mona_Elisabeth_Brøther|language=Norwegian|accessdate=9](http://snl.no/Mona_Elisabeth_Brøther|language=Norwegian|accessdate=9) March 2019}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1952|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] hryygqe8cjqi1pzrfk5kpy1m6hmdp9s Gus Baker 0 238493 1550004 2026-05-24T20:10:30Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Gus Lafayette Baker''' ([[Mei 10]], [[1922]] – [[Mei 16]], [[1994]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] picha, mpiga picha, na mhadhiri wa [[Marekani]].<ref>Spain, Helen Knox. “Gus Baker Wins Honors With Art,” Atlanta Journal and Constitution, June 14, 1953.</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1922]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1994]]' 1550004 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gus Lafayette Baker''' ([[Mei 10]], [[1922]] – [[Mei 16]], [[1994]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] picha, mpiga picha, na mhadhiri wa [[Marekani]].<ref>Spain, Helen Knox. “Gus Baker Wins Honors With Art,” Atlanta Journal and Constitution, June 14, 1953.</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1922]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1994]] sori7ibxi3nfq9hfwyjexux3szog1kx Kåre Bryn 0 238494 1550006 2026-05-24T20:14:17Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Kåre Bryn''' (amezaliwa 12 Machi 1944) ni mwanadiplomasia wa [[Norwei]]. Alizaliwa katika kisiwa cha Smøla katika eneo la Nordmøre, Norway. Alipata shahada ya Uzamili ya Uchumi na Biashara na alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1969. Mwaka 1989 alipandishwa cheo kuwa naibu katibu mkuu wa wizara, nafasi aliyoshikilia hadi 1999. Mwaka 1999 aliteuliwa kuwa balozi wa Norway katika Chama cha Biashara Huria cha Ulaya (EFTA...' 1550006 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kåre Bryn''' (amezaliwa 12 Machi 1944) ni mwanadiplomasia wa [[Norwei]]. Alizaliwa katika kisiwa cha Smøla katika eneo la Nordmøre, Norway. Alipata shahada ya Uzamili ya Uchumi na Biashara na alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1969. Mwaka 1989 alipandishwa cheo kuwa naibu katibu mkuu wa wizara, nafasi aliyoshikilia hadi 1999. Mwaka 1999 aliteuliwa kuwa balozi wa Norway katika Chama cha Biashara Huria cha Ulaya (EFTA)]] na Shirika la Biashara Duniani (WTO). Kuanzia 2003 hadi 2005 alihudumu kama balozi wa Norway nchini [[Uholanzi]]. Baadaye aliteuliwa kuwa katibu mkuu wa EFTA. Kabla ya kustaafu, alihudumu mwaka mmoja kama mshauri mkuu katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway kuanzia 2012 hadi 2013.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|year=|title=Kåre Bryn|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|url=[http://www.snl.no/K%C3%A5re_Bryn|language=Norwegian|accessdate=24](http://www.snl.no/K%C3%A5re_Bryn|language=Norwegian|accessdate=24) April 2010}}</ref> Mwaka 1999 alitunukiwa cheo cha Commander wa Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav.<ref>{{cite news|title=Nytt ordensdryss i UD|last=Andreassen|first=Thorleif|date=31 August 1999|work=Aftenposten|page=14|language=Norwegian}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1944|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 7s3k6dhw5mdyltmwpalidolf9tcrbyb Jan Bugge-Mahrt 0 238495 1550007 2026-05-24T20:19:30Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jan Bugge-Mahrt''' (amezaliwa 1954) ni mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norway]]. Mwaka 2004 aliteuliwa kuwa balozi wa Norway nchini [[Saudi Arabia]].<ref>{{cite news|agency=Norwegian News Agency|authorlink=Norwegian News Agency|title=Offisielt fra statsråd 8. oktober|date=8 October 2004|language=Norwegian }}</ref> Uhusiano kati ya Norway na Saudi Arabia unachukuliwa kuwa muhimu kutokana na nchi zote mbili kusisitiza sekta ya petroleum katika uchumi wao.<ref>...' 1550007 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jan Bugge-Mahrt''' (amezaliwa 1954) ni mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norway]]. Mwaka 2004 aliteuliwa kuwa balozi wa Norway nchini [[Saudi Arabia]].<ref>{{cite news|agency=Norwegian News Agency|authorlink=Norwegian News Agency|title=Offisielt fra statsråd 8. oktober|date=8 October 2004|language=Norwegian }}</ref> Uhusiano kati ya Norway na Saudi Arabia unachukuliwa kuwa muhimu kutokana na nchi zote mbili kusisitiza sekta ya petroleum katika uchumi wao.<ref>{{cite news|work=Klassekampen|title=Hemmelig om menneskerettigheter|date=14 February 2002|first=Tarjei|last=Leer-Salvesen|language=Norwegian}}</ref> Mwaka 2005, pia aliteuliwa kuwa balozi wa Norway nchini [[Oman]] na [[Yemen]].<ref>{{cite news|agency=Norwegian News Agency|title=Offisielt fra statsråd|date=21 January 2005|language=Norwegian}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|agency=Norwegian News Agency|title=Offisielt fra statsråd|date=11 February 2005|language=Norwegian}}</ref> Kabla ya kuwa balozi, alishika nyadhifa mbalimbali katika huduma ya kidiplomasia, ikiwa ni pamoja na kuwa mshauri wa ubalozi (embassy councilor) nchini [[Ubelgiji]]<ref>{{cite news|agency=Norwegian News Agency|title=Offisielt 15. januar|date=15 January 1993|language=Norwegian}}</ref> na naibu katibu (assistant secretary) katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway.<ref>{{cite news|agency=Norwegian News Agency|title=Offisielt fra statsråd|date=19 March 1999|language=Norwegian}}</ref> Mwaka 2010 aliteuliwa kuwa mkuu wa idara katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje.<ref>{{cite news|agency=Norwegian News Agency|title=Offisielt fra statsråd|date=25 June 2010|language=Norwegian}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1954|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] krsu6820dil4njxyau3foc1w0003yo0 Rushern Baker IV 0 238496 1550008 2026-05-24T20:20:00Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Rush Baker IV''' (alizaliwa [[Septemba 10]], [[1987]]) ni [[mchoraji]], mwalimu, na [[mwanasiasa]] nchini [[Marekani]]<ref name=":4">{{cite web|last1=|first1=|title=Rush Baker IV|url=https://www.saic.edu/profiles/faculty/rush-baker-iv|website=SAIC Faculty}}</ref>. Yeye ni profesa msaidizi katika Shule ya Taasisi ya Sanaa ya Chicago, na alikuwa mgombea wa zamani wa Maryland House of Delegates kuwakilisha Jimbo la 22 katika Prince George's County.<ref nam...' 1550008 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rush Baker IV''' (alizaliwa [[Septemba 10]], [[1987]]) ni [[mchoraji]], mwalimu, na [[mwanasiasa]] nchini [[Marekani]]<ref name=":4">{{cite web|last1=|first1=|title=Rush Baker IV|url=https://www.saic.edu/profiles/faculty/rush-baker-iv|website=SAIC Faculty}}</ref>. Yeye ni profesa msaidizi katika Shule ya Taasisi ya Sanaa ya Chicago, na alikuwa mgombea wa zamani wa Maryland House of Delegates kuwakilisha Jimbo la 22 katika Prince George's County.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Spivack|first=Miranda|date=2013-10-02|title=Rushern Baker, delegate? Or is that the county executive running for another office?|newspaper=The Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/md-politics/rushern-baker-delegate-or-is-that-the-county-executive-running-for-another-office/2013/10/02/ff321acc-2b72-11e3-8ade-a1f23cda135e_story.html|access-date=2021-01-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Kunkle|first=Frederick|date=2014-06-25|title=Md. Senate minority leader David Brinkley ousted; most other veteran lawmakers survive|newspaper=The Washington Post|url=}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|date=2013-10-03|title=Painting Politics: Rushern Baker IV Enters District 22 Race|url=https://patch.com/maryland/hyattsville/painting-politics-rushern-baker-iv-enters-district-22-race|access-date=2021-01-15|website=Hyattsville, MD Patch|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1987]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 628ec62sa4revmeeqx8uvh7ynvd13pw 1550024 1550008 2026-05-24T20:52:54Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 3 template(s) replaced. 1550024 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rush Baker IV''' (alizaliwa [[Septemba 10]], [[1987]]) ni [[mchoraji]], mwalimu, na [[mwanasiasa]] nchini [[Marekani]]<ref name=":4">{{cite web|last1=|first1=|title=Rush Baker IV|url=https://www.saic.edu/profiles/faculty/rush-baker-iv|website=SAIC Faculty}}</ref>. Yeye ni profesa msaidizi katika Shule ya Taasisi ya Sanaa ya Chicago, na alikuwa mgombea wa zamani wa Maryland House of Delegates kuwakilisha Jimbo la 22 katika Prince George's County.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea habari|last=Spivack|first=Miranda|date=2013-10-02|title=Rushern Baker, delegate? Or is that the county executive running for another office?|newspaper=The Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/md-politics/rushern-baker-delegate-or-is-that-the-county-executive-running-for-another-office/2013/10/02/ff321acc-2b72-11e3-8ade-a1f23cda135e_story.html|access-date=2021-01-15}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari|last=Kunkle|first=Frederick|date=2014-06-25|title=Md. Senate minority leader David Brinkley ousted; most other veteran lawmakers survive|newspaper=The Washington Post|url=}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|date=2013-10-03|title=Painting Politics: Rushern Baker IV Enters District 22 Race|url=https://patch.com/maryland/hyattsville/painting-politics-rushern-baker-iv-enters-district-22-race|access-date=2021-01-15|website=Hyattsville, MD Patch|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1987]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 4qy6v67y6lqqv0ykexvf4vhfem9plem Samuel Burtis Baker 0 238497 1550010 2026-05-24T20:21:52Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Samuel Burtis Baker''' ([[Septemba 29]], [[1882]] – [[Machi 10]], [[1967]]), aliyejulikana kwa jina la '''Burt Baker''', alikuwa [[msanii]] na mwalimu wa [[Marekani]], anayejulikana zaidi kwa picha zake za watu.<ref name="ehaff">Elizabeth C. Haff, "Samuel Burtis Baker Rediscovered," ''[[American Art Review]]'', February/March 1994, p. 110.</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1882]] Jam...' 1550010 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Samuel Burtis Baker''' ([[Septemba 29]], [[1882]] – [[Machi 10]], [[1967]]), aliyejulikana kwa jina la '''Burt Baker''', alikuwa [[msanii]] na mwalimu wa [[Marekani]], anayejulikana zaidi kwa picha zake za watu.<ref name="ehaff">Elizabeth C. Haff, "Samuel Burtis Baker Rediscovered," ''[[American Art Review]]'', February/March 1994, p. 110.</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1882]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1967]] bjzfqpv2ovhjkuj8yyfkzm8ajgevv6y Everton Blender 0 238498 1550011 2026-05-24T20:23:39Z Said Mfaume 68307 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Everton Blender | picha = Everton Blender July 2011.jpg | maelezo = Everton Blender mnamo mwezi Julai mwaka 2011 | background = solo_singer | jina_la_kuzaliwa = Everton Dennis Williams | asili = [[Clarendon, Jamaika|Clarendon]], Jamaika | aina = [[Reggae]], [[Roots reggae]] | kazi = Mwimbaji, mtunzi wa nyimbo, mtayarishaji wa muziki | miaka...' 1550011 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Everton Blender | picha = Everton Blender July 2011.jpg | maelezo = Everton Blender mnamo mwezi Julai mwaka 2011 | background = solo_singer | jina_la_kuzaliwa = Everton Dennis Williams | asili = [[Clarendon, Jamaika|Clarendon]], Jamaika | aina = [[Reggae]], [[Roots reggae]] | kazi = Mwimbaji, mtunzi wa nyimbo, mtayarishaji wa muziki | miaka ya kazi = Mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1970–sasa | studio = [[Heartbeat Records|Heartbeat]], [[Greensleeves Records|Greensleeves]], Star Trail, Malako, [[Rounder Records|Rounder]], Blend Dem, Explorer | tovuti = }} '''Everton Blender''' (alizaliwa kama '''Everton Dennis Williams''' mnamo tarehe 21 Novemba 1954 katika Parokia ya [[Clarendon, Jamaika|Clarendon]]) ni mwimbaji na mtayarishaji wa muziki wa [[reggae]] kutoka nchini [[Jamaika]]. Anafahamika zaidi kwa sauti yake nyororo ya teno, mipangilio ya muziki yenye kasi changamfu, na nyimbo zake zenye ujumbe wa kiroho na kijamii unaoinua nafsi, akifanikiwa kwa kiasi kikubwa kuziba pengo lililopo kati ya muziki wa [[roots reggae]] na [[dancehall]].<ref name="Harris">{{cite web |url={{AllMusic|class=artist|id=p141493/biography|pure_url=yes}} |title=Everton Blender – Biography |accessdate=23 March 2008 |author=Harris, Craig |publisher=AllMusic }}</ref><ref name="fast">{{cite web |url=http://www.fastlaneintl.com/blender.htm |title=Reggae – Everton Blender |accessdate=23 March 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080510230215/http://www.fastlaneintl.com/blender.htm |archive-date=10 May 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Wasifu == Williams alizaliwa katika parokia ya Clarendon lakini alikulia kwenye mitaa ya Maxfield Avenue jijini [[Kingston, Jamaika|Kingston]].<ref name="fast" /> Alianza safari yake ya kimuziki kwa kuimba kwenye mashindano ya wasanii chipukizi mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1970 katika klabu ya ''Bohemia Club'' jijini Kingston, akitumbuiza kwa kurudia nyimbo za [[Dennis Brown]] chini ya jina la kisanii "Babbaru". Alifanikiwa kushinda shindano hilo katika jaribio lake la pili.<ref name="Harris" /> Baadaye, alitumbuiza katika madisko mbalimbali ya sauti ya Jamaika kama vile ''Destiny Outernational'', ''Master Voice'', na ''Santex'', na kufanikiwa kutoa nyimbo kadhaa zikiwemo "Where Is Love" mnamo mwaka 1979 na "Ba Ba Black Sheep" mnamo mwaka 1985. Hata hivyo, hakupata mafanikio makubwa ya kibiashara katika kipindi hicho, jambo lililomfanya ajiondoe kwenye tasnia ya muziki na kurejea kwenye kazi yake ya awali ya kupaka rangi nyumba.<ref name="Barrow">{{cite book |last=Barrow |first=Steve |author2=Dalton, Peter |title=Reggae: The Rough Guide |year=1997 |publisher=Rough Guides |isbn=1-85828-247-0 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/reggaeroughguide00barro }}</ref> Blender alirejea tena kwenye muziki mapema miaka ya 1990 baada ya msanii mwenzake [[Garnett Silk]], ambaye pia alikuwa amefanya kazi na mfumo wa sauti wa ''Destiny'', kumtambulisha kwa mtayarishaji mahiri wa muziki [[Richard Bell (record producer)|Richard Bell]]. Bell alimsainisha Blender kwenye lebo yake ya ''Star Trail''. Katika awamu hii ya pili, Blender alipata mafanikio ya haraka mara tu baada ya kutoa wimbo wa "We No Jus' a Come," ambao ulifanya vizuri sana na kuwa wimbo uliopendwa nchini Jamaika.<ref name="Harris" /> Umaarufu wa Blender ulisambaa hadi nchini Uingereza ambapo albamu yake ya kwanza, ''Lift Up Your Head'', ilishika nafasi ya nne kwenye chati ya muziki ya ''[[Black Echoes]]''. Wimbo mkuu uliobeba jina la albamu hiyo ulichaguliwa pia kuwania Tuzo ya Muziki ya Jamaika (Jamaican Music Award).<ref name="Harris" /> Albamu na nyimbo nyingine nyingi zilifuata, na nyimbo zake za mapema za awamu hii zilikuja kukusanywa na kutolewa kwenye albamu ya mchanganyiko iitwayo ''A Piece of da Blender: The Singles'' mnamo mwaka 1996. Blender anatajwa kuwa mmoja wa waimbaji mashuhuri walioongoza vuguvugu la kurejea kwa muziki wa reggae wenye ujumbe wa kiutamaduni na maadili (cultural reggae) katika miaka ya 1990, akisimama bega kwa bega na wasanii kama Garnett Silk na [[Luciano (mwimbaji)|Luciano]].<ref name="Barrow" /> Ametoa albamu kadhaa chini ya lebo ya [[Heartbeat Records]] na pia alianzisha lebo yake binafsi ya kurekodi muziki iitwayo ''Blend Dem Productions''. Kupitia lebo hiyo, amefanya kazi na kuzalisha kazi za wasanii wengine wakubwa kama [[Prezident Brown]], [[Admiral Tibet]], [[Louie Culture]], [[Jah Mason]], [[Spanner Banner]], [[Richie Spice]], na [[Anthony B]], pamoja na kusimamia kazi zake mwenyewe.<ref name="Dooley">{{cite web |url=http://incolor.inetnebr.com/cvanpelt/blender.html |title=Blender Have Him Credential |accessdate=23 March 2008 |author=Dooley, Jim |year=1999 }}</ref> === Mtazamo wa uandishi na maadili === Blender aliwahi kueleza jinsi anavyoandika nyimbo zake kwa kusema: "Sisi huwa tunatafakari tu, na kisha hisia inakuja yenyewe, au tunakaa chini na kuanza kutengeneza wimbo kuanzia mwanzo bila hata kuwa na melodi yoyote, na melodi zinakuja baadaye."<ref name="niceup">{{cite web |url=http://niceup.com/interviews/everton_blender |title=Everton Blender Interview, WESU 88.1 FM, Middletown, Connecticut, March 2, 1996 |accessdate=23 March 2008 |date=March 1996 }}</ref> Blender amekuwa akipinga vikali matumizi ya maneno machafu au yasiyo na maadili ambayo yamekuwa ya kawaida katika baadhi ya matawi ya reggae na dancehall, akisisitiza kuwa: "Kama watu wakikuambia wanataka takataka, unajua kabisa hawapaswi kupewa takataka. Wanapaswa kupata vitu vizuri vitakavyoweka safi miili yao ya ndani na nje. Kamwe tusishindwe, kila wakati tusimamie uadilifu. Hicho ndicho tunachokipigania."<ref name="niceup" /> Blender amefanya ziara nyingi za kimuziki duniani kote. Alifanya ziara barani Afrika mnamo mwaka 1999 mbele ya mashabiki wengi wenye shauku, ambapo alisema: "Wanahitaji kujua kuhusu utamaduni wao... baadhi ya watu wanapenda kujitokeza na kuuona utamaduni wa Jamaika." Mnamo mwaka 2019, alifanya ziara mbili zenye mafanikio makubwa barani Ulaya akishirikiana na Thomas Evers wa shirika la wasanii la Rockers Artist Agency.<ref name="Dooley" /> == Tuzo == Blender alitunukiwa tuzo ya kimataifa ya ''Chicago Martins International Award'', pamoja na tuzo za ''South Florida Reggae/Soca Awards'' katika miaka ya 1996 na 1997 kwenye kipengele cha "Msanii Aliyepiga Hatua Zaidi" (Most Improved Entertainer).<ref name="Harris" /> == Diskografia == *''Lift Up Your Head'' (1994) – Star Trail/[[Heartbeat Records|Heartbeat]] *''Blend Dem'' (1995) – Malako *''Piece of da Blender: The Singles'' (1996) – Heartbeat *''Where Do The Children'' (1997) – Heartbeat *''Rootsman Credential'' (1999) – Heartbeat *''Live at the White River Reggae Bash'' (2000) – [[Rounder Records|Rounder]] *''World Corruption'' (2000) – [[Greensleeves Records|Greensleeves]] *''Visionary'' (2001) – Heartbeat *''King Man'' (2003) – Heartbeat/Blend Dem *''It's My Time'' (2005) – Explorer *''Live in Berkeley'' (2007) – 2B1 (DVD) *''Red Razor Riddim'' (2007) – Zion High/Lustre Kings *''Higher Heights rEvolution'' (2011) – Blend Dem == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://myspace.com/evertonblender Ukurasa wa Everton Blender kwenye Myspace] * [https://archive.today/20130201045606/http://www.reggae-reviews.com/blender.html Everton Blender kwenye tovuti ya ReggaeReviews] * [http://ireggae.com/everton.htm Mahojiano ya sauti na Everton Blender (22 Juni 1999)] {{BD|1954}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Blender, Everton}} [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Jamaika]] hapgn0x4zdgnwmbwbe3rbli3963ecw1 Eva Bugge 0 238499 1550013 2026-05-24T20:27:27Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Eva Bugge''' (amezaliwa 24 Mei 1945) ni mwanadiplomasia wa [[Norwei]]. Yeye ana shahada ya uzamili ya sheria kama elimu yake, na alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1974. Alihudumu kama naibu katibu mkuu wa wizara hiyo kuanzia 1996 hadi 2001. Baadaye alikuwa balozi wa Norway nchini Italia kuanzia 2001 hadi 2006, na nchini Uholanzi kuanzia 2006 hadi 2011. Baada ya hapo alihudumu kwa mwaka mmoja kama mshauri maalum katika...' 1550013 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eva Bugge''' (amezaliwa 24 Mei 1945) ni mwanadiplomasia wa [[Norwei]]. Yeye ana shahada ya uzamili ya sheria kama elimu yake, na alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1974. Alihudumu kama naibu katibu mkuu wa wizara hiyo kuanzia 1996 hadi 2001. Baadaye alikuwa balozi wa Norway nchini Italia kuanzia 2001 hadi 2006, na nchini Uholanzi kuanzia 2006 hadi 2011. Baada ya hapo alihudumu kwa mwaka mmoja kama mshauri maalum katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje hadi mwaka 2012.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Eva Bugge|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|url=[http://www.snl.no/Eva_Bugge|language=Norwegian|accessdate=5](http://www.snl.no/Eva_Bugge|language=Norwegian|accessdate=5) March 2009}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1945|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] efnv9zg6t9aiplfgj954w6biq5vpvn9 Shabba Ranks 0 238500 1550016 2026-05-24T20:32:16Z Said Mfaume 68307 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Shabba Ranks | jina_la_heshima = [[Order of Distinction (Jamaica)|OD]] | picha = Shabba Ranks at Reggae Land Festival 2024 (cropped).jpg | maelezo = Shabba Ranks akitumbuiza katika Tamasha la Reggae Land mnamo mwaka 2024 | background = solo_singer | jina_la_kuzaliwa = Rexton Rawlston Fernando Gordon | mahali_pa_kuzaliwa = [[Parokia ya Saint Ann|Saint Ann]], Jamaika | asili...' 1550016 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Shabba Ranks | jina_la_heshima = [[Order of Distinction (Jamaica)|OD]] | picha = Shabba Ranks at Reggae Land Festival 2024 (cropped).jpg | maelezo = Shabba Ranks akitumbuiza katika Tamasha la Reggae Land mnamo mwaka 2024 | background = solo_singer | jina_la_kuzaliwa = Rexton Rawlston Fernando Gordon | mahali_pa_kuzaliwa = [[Parokia ya Saint Ann|Saint Ann]], Jamaika | asili = [[Kingston, Jamaika|Kingston]], Jamaika | aina = [[Dancehall]], [[Reggae]], [[Hip-hop]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/shabba-ranks-mn0000129817|title=Shabba Ranks - Music Biography, Credits and Discography|publisher=[[AllMusic]]|access-date=11 October 2014|archive-date=27 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141027043436/http://www.allmusic.com/artist/shabba-ranks-mn0000129817|url-status=live}}</ref> | kazi = Mwanamuziki | miaka ya kazi = 1985–sasa | studio = [[Epic Records|Epic]] (1991–1996) | tovuti = }} '''Rexton Rawlston Fernando Gordon''' <small>[[Order of Distinction (Jamaica)|OD]]</small><ref>{{Cite web |date=18 October 2016 |title=Shabba deserves his award! |url=http://jamaica-star.com/article/news/20161018/shabba-deserves-his-award |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170115074428/http://jamaica-star.com/article/news/20161018/shabba-deserves-his-award |archive-date=2017-01-15 |access-date=2025-07-04 |website=jamaica-star.com |language=en |quote=Shabba Ranks was conferred with the Order of Distinction for his outstanding contribution to music at the National Honours and Awards ceremony.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-17 |title=Dancehall invested – Artistes who've received Nat'l Awards |url=https://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/entertainment/20231017/dancehall-invested-artistes-whove-received-natl-awards |access-date=2025-07-04 |website=jamaica-gleaner.com |language=en |quote=Rexton 'Shabba Ranks' Gordon was inducted into the Order of Distinction in the rank of Officer in 2016}}</ref> (alizaliwa 17 Januari 1966),<ref name="pitchfork">{{cite news |last1=MacLeod |first1=Erin |title=Shabba Ranks |url=https://pitchfork.com/features/starter/9174-shabba-ranks/ |access-date=26 February 2019 |publisher=Pitchfork |date=30 July 2013 |archive-date=27 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190227120740/https://pitchfork.com/features/starter/9174-shabba-ranks/ |url-status=live }}</ref> anajulikana zaidi kwa jina lake la kisanii kama '''Shabba Ranks''', ni mwanamuziki wa [[dancehall]] kutoka nchini [[Jamaika]]. Mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1980 na mapema miaka ya 1990, alikuwa mmoja wa wanamuziki wa Jamaika waliopata umaarufu mkubwa zaidi duniani. Ingawa mafanikio yake ya awali yalimfanya kuwa msanii mashuhuri wa dancehall nchini mwake, alipata umaarufu mkubwa barani [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]] kupitia albamu yake ya ''[[Just Reality]]'' mnamo mwaka 1990. Alitoa albamu nyingine zilizofanya vizuri sana, zikiwemo ''[[As Raw as Ever]]'' na ''[[X-tra Naked]]'', ambazo zote zilishinda [[Tuzo za Grammy]] kama Albamu Bora ya Reggae (Grammy Award for Best Reggae Album) mnamo mwaka 1992 na 1993 mtawalia. Shabba Ranks anafahamika duniani kote kwa nyimbo zake zilizovuma sana kama "[[Mr. Loverman]]" na "Ting-A-Ling", ambazo zinatambulika kama alama kuu ya muziki wake.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/entertainment/20190331/making-mr-loverman-shabbas-biggest-song-date|title=Making 'Mr Loverman', Shabba's biggest song to date|date=31 March 2019|website=Jamaica-gleaner.com|access-date=21 March 2021|archive-date=10 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190910004425/http://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/entertainment/20190331/making-mr-loverman-shabbas-biggest-song-date|url-status=live}}</ref> == Maisha ya awali == Shabba Ranks alizaliwa katika kijiji cha [[Joseph Sturge|Sturge Town]], katika Parokia ya [[Parokia ya Saint Ann|Saint Ann]], [[Jamaika]], na alilelewa katika mitaa ya [[Seaview Gardens]] jijini [[Kingston, Jamaika|Kingston]].<ref name=Emperor>{{cite news |last1=Henry |first1=Davina |title=The Dancehall Emperor Is Back! |url=http://jamaica-gleaner.com/gleaner/20120717/ent/ent1.html |access-date=26 February 2019 |publisher=The Gleaner |date=17 July 2012 |archive-date=27 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190227061930/http://jamaica-gleaner.com/gleaner/20120717/ent/ent1.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Seaview">{{cite web |last1=Campbell |first1=Howard |title=Seaview music goes abroad |url=https://www.jamaicaobserver.com/splash/seaview-music-goes-abroad_226194 |website=Jamaica Observer |access-date=29 July 2021 |date=16 July 2021}}</ref> Baba yake, Ivan Gordon, alikuwa mjenzi wa mawe ambaye alifariki dunia mnamo mwaka 1990.<ref name="NYT">{{cite web |last1=Louie |first1=Elaine |title=Thanks, Mom. Here's Your New House. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/12/16/garden/thanks-mom-here-s-your-new-house.html |website=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=29 July 2021 |date=16 December 1993}}</ref> Mama yake, Constance "Mama Christie" Christie, aliendelea kuishi Seaview hata baada ya Shabba kupata mafanikio, akisaidia kulisha na kusaidia jamii hiyo kwa fedha zilizokuwa zikitumwa na mwanae kutoka ughaibuni. Mama Christie alikuja kuwa mada ya wimbo uliovuma sana mnamo mwaka 2015 wa "Shabba Madda Pot" ulioimbwa na msanii wa dancehall [[Dexta Daps]].<ref name="Shabba Madda Pot">{{cite web |last1=Deleon |first1=Rene |title='Shabba Madda Pot' more than just a song |url=https://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/entertainment/20160508/shabba-madda-pot-more-just-song |website=Jamaica Gleaner |access-date=29 July 2021 |date=6 May 2016}}</ref> == Safari ya kazi == Shabba Ranks alipata umaarufu mkubwa kupitia mtindo wa "toasting" (kurap juu ya midundo ya reggae/dancehall) tofauti na kuimba kwa sauti ya kawaida kama walivyokuwa wakifanya wasanii wengine wa nyakati zake nchini Jamaika. Alikuwa mwanafunzi na msaidizi wa DJ [[Josey Wales (singer)|Josey Wales]].<ref name="LarkinReggae">{{cite book|title=[[Encyclopedia of Popular Music|The Guinness Who's Who of Reggae]]|editor=[[Colin Larkin (writer)|Colin Larkin]]|publisher=[[Guinness Publishing]]|date=1994|edition=First|isbn=0-85112-734-7|page=218/20}}</ref> Jina lake la kwanza la kisanii lilikuwa Co-Pilot.<ref name= "pitchfork"/> Safari yake ya kimataifa ilianza mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1980, akishirikiana na wasanii wenzake wa Jamaika wakiwemo waimbaji wa [[reggae]] [[Cocoa Tea]] na Crystal. Shabba pia alifanya kazi na mwanamuziki mkongwe wa Marekani [[Chuck Berry]] pamoja na wasanii wa hip-hop wa Marekani kama [[KRS-One]] na [[Chubb Rock]]. Alifanikiwa kusaini mkataba mkubwa wa kurekodi muziki na lebo ya [[Epic Records]] mnamo mwaka 1989.<ref name= "pitchfork"/> Asili ya kimtindo ya aina ya muziki inayojulikana leo kama [[reggaeton]] inaweza kufuatiliwa nyuma hadi kwenye wimbo wa Shabba wa mwaka 1990 uitwao "[[Dem Bow]]", kutoka kwenye albamu yake ya ''[[Just Reality]]''. Mdundo huo uliotayarishwa na [[Robert Dixon (musician)|Bobby "Digital" Dixon]], ulijulikana kama mdundo wa *Dem Bow riddim* na ukawa maarufu sana nchini Puerto Rico kiasi kwamba muziki wa mapema wa reggaeton wa Puerto Rico ulikuwa ukiitwa tu "Dembow".<ref>{{cite news | first=Wayne | last=Marshall | title=The Rise of Reggaeton | date=19 January 2006 | url=http://thephoenix.com/Article.aspx?id=1595 | work=The Phoenix | page=4 | access-date=5 December 2007 | archive-date=3 May 2008 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080503201436/http://thephoenix.com/article.aspx?id=1595 | url-status=live }}</ref> Mdundo huu umekuwa sehemu isiyotengana na muziki wa reggaeton hadi sasa.<ref>{{cite news | first=Jon | last=Carimanica | title=Grow Dem Bow | date=12 January 2006 | url=http://www.villagevoice.com/music/0603,caramanica,71722,22.html | work=The Village Voice | access-date=5 December 2007 | archive-date=14 December 2007 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071214051738/http://www.villagevoice.com/music/0603,caramanica,71722,22.html | url-status=dead }}</ref> Jina la wimbo huo pia limezaa tawi lingine la muziki kutoka Jamhuri ya Dominika linaloitwa [[Dominican dembow]].<ref> Exposito, Suzy; Leight, Elias (2019-11-07). "Dembow Took Over the Dominican Republic. Can It Take Over the World?". Rolling Stone.</ref> Wimbo wake uliopata mafanikio makubwa zaidi nje ya Jamaika ulikuwa mchanganyiko wa reggae na pop uitwao "Mr. Loverman". Nyimbo nyingine zilizovuma sana ni pamoja na "Housecall" aliyoshirikiana na [[Maxi Priest]], "Slow and Sexy" aliyoshirikiana na [[Johnny Gill]], "Respect", "Pirates Anthem", "Trailer Load a Girls", "Wicked inna Bed", "Caan Dun", na "Ting A Ling". Alishinda [[Grammy Award for Best Reggae Album|Tuzo ya Grammy ya Albamu Bora ya Reggae]] mnamo mwaka 1992 kwa albamu ya ''[[As Raw as Ever]]'' na mwaka 1993 kwa albamu ya ''[[X-tra Naked]]''.<ref name="pitchfork"/> Mnamo mwaka 1993, Shabba alipata wimbo mwingine mkubwa kwenye kibwagizo (soundtrack) cha filamu ya ''[[Addams Family Values]]'' ambapo alirudia wimbo maarufu wa kundi la Sly and the Family Stone uitwao "[[Family Affair (Sly and the Family Stone song)|Family Affair]]" kwa mtindo wa rap na reggae.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Breihan |first1=Tom |title=The Number Ones: Sly & The Family Stone's 'Family Affair' |url=https://www.stereogum.com/2031951/the-number-ones-sly-the-family-stones-family-affair/franchises/the-number-ones/ |access-date=26 February 2019 |publisher=Stereogum |date=13 February 2019 |archive-date=27 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190227060534/https://www.stereogum.com/2031951/the-number-ones-sly-the-family-stones-family-affair/franchises/the-number-ones/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Albamu yake ya tatu chini ya Epic Records, ''[[A Mi Shabba]]'', ilitolewa mwaka 1995. Hata hivyo, lebo hiyo ilivunja mkataba naye mnamo mwaka 1996. Epic ilikuja kutoa albamu ya nyimbo zake bora mnamo mwaka 1999 iliyopewa jina la ''[[Shabba Ranks and Friends]]''. Shabba Ranks alirejea kwa kiasi fulani kwenye tasnia mnamo mwaka 2007 alipoonekana kwenye wimbo wa "Clear the Air" wa msanii [[Busta Rhymes]], uliomshirikisha pia [[Akon]]. Mnamo mwezi Aprili 2011, alitoa wimbo uitwao "None A Dem" chini ya mdundo wa Pepper Riddim wa studio ya Big Ship. Mnamo mwaka 2012, alishirikishwa na rappa [[Tech N9ne]] kwenye wimbo wa "Boy Toy". Mwaka 2013, Shabba alitajwa na kupewa heshima kwenye wimbo maarufu wa rappa [[A$AP Ferg]] uitwao "[[Shabba (song)|Shabba]]," ambapo Shabba Ranks mwenyewe alionekana kama mgeni mwalikwa mwishoni mwa video ya wimbo huo.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iXZxipry6kE&feature=c4-overview&list=UUsjrSi7xMkKPk4gcLSjFKbA |title=A$AP Ferg feat. A$AP Rocky – Shabba |date=15 July 2013 |publisher=YouTube |access-date=15 July 2013 |archive-date=7 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131207101806/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iXZxipry6kE&feature=c4-overview&list=UUsjrSi7xMkKPk4gcLSjFKbA |url-status=live }}</ref> Alisikika pia kwenye mchanganyiko wa wimbo huo (remix) mnamo tarehe 23 Novemba 2013 akiwa na kundi la [[Migos]] na Busta Rhymes.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.audiomack.com/song/diversehiphop/shabba-remix-feat-shabba-ranks-busta-rhymes-migos |title=A$AP Ferg – Shabba (Remix) (feat. Shabba Ranks, Busta Rhymes & Migos) – Listen |publisher=AudioMack |access-date=24 November 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131127050957/http://www.audiomack.com/song/diversehiphop/shabba-remix-feat-shabba-ranks-busta-rhymes-migos |archive-date=27 November 2013 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> == Migogoro na ukosoaji == Shabba Ranks amewahi kukumbwa na ukosoaji mkubwa kutokana na mitazamo na kauli zinazopinga ushoga . Wimbo wake wa mwaka 1990 "Wicked Inna Bed" ulijumuisha mashairi yaliyotafsiriwa kama kuchochea vurugu dhidi ya wanaume wanaofanya mapenzi ya jinsia moja.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Chunnu |first1=Winsome Marcia |title=Battyboy must die! Dancehall, class and religion in Jamaican homophobia |journal=European Journal of Cultural Studies |date=February 2021 |volume=24 |issue=1 |pages=123–142 |doi=10.1177/1367549420951578|s2cid=225243371 }}</ref> Mnamo mwaka 1992, alipotokea kwenye kipindi cha muziki cha Channel 4 nchini Uingereza kiitwacho ''[[The Word (TV series)|The Word]]'', aliulizwa maoni yake kuhusu wimbo wa "Boom Bye Bye" wa msanii mwenzake [[Buju Banton]]. Shabba alinyanyua Biblia aliyokuwa ameishika na kudai kuwa "Neno la Mungu" linaruhusu "kusulubiwa kwa washenzi na mashoga". Kauli hizo zililaaniwa vikali papo hapo na mtangazaji wa kipindi hicho, Mark Lamarr. Kufuatia matamshi hayo, Shabba aliondolewa kwenye tamasha kubwa la mwimbaji [[Bobby Brown]] ambapo alikuwa mtumbuizaji mwalikwa, na alikumbana na misukosuko mikubwa na lebo yake ya Sony Music. Baadaye, Shabba Ranks alitoa ombi rasmi la msamaha, akieleza kuwa hakusudia kamwe kuchochea mauaji au ukatili dhidi ya binadamu yeyote.<ref name= "pitchfork"/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GIRmQNM4xUk#t=1m22s |title=The Word |year=1992 |publisher=Channel 4 |access-date=8 September 2010 |archive-date=24 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110924002216/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GIRmQNM4xUk&gl=US&hl=en&has_verified=1#t=1m22s |url-status=live }}</ref> == Maisha binafsi == Shabba Ranks na mke wake, Michelle, wana watoto wawili wa kiume ambao ni Rexton Jr. na Jahwon.<ref name=Emperor/> Kwa sasa wanaishi jijini [[New York]], Marekani.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Meminger |first1=Dean |title=Soul's Survivors: Shabba Ranks Sees Hip-Hop as Younger Brother of His Dancehall |url=https://www.ny1.com/nyc/all-boroughs/souls-survivors/2017/07/2/shabba-ranks-profile-dancehall-hip-hop-reggae-influences |website=[[NY1]] |access-date=29 July 2021 |date=2 July 2017}}</ref> == Tuzo == {| class="wikitable" |- ! style="text-align:center;"| Mwaka ! style="text-align:center;"| Tuzo ! style="text-align:center;"| Kipengele ! style="text-align:center;"| Kazi Iliyoteuliwa ! style="text-align:center;"| Matokeo |- | 1992 | [[Tuzo za Grammy]] | [[34th_Annual_Grammy_Awards#Reggae|Albamu Bora ya Reggae]] | ''[[As Raw as Ever]]'' | {{Won}} |- | 1993 | Tuzo za Grammy | [[35th_Annual_Grammy_Awards#Reggae|Albamu Bora ya Reggae]] | ''[[X-tra Naked]]'' | {{Won}} |- |} == Diskografia == === Albamu za Studio === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:15em;"| Jina la Albamu ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:15em;"| Maelezo ya Albamu ! scope="col" colspan="5" | Nafasi za Chati ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:12em;"| Mauzo na Vyeti (Certifications) |- ! width="45"| <small>[[Billboard 200|US]]</small><br><ref>{{cite magazine|title=Chart History: Shabba Ranks - Billboard 200|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/shabba-ranks/chart-history/tlp/|magazine=Billboard|access-date=14 September 2022}}</ref> ! width="45"| <small>[[Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums|US R&B]]</small><br><ref>{{cite magazine|title=Chart History: Shabba Ranks - Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/shabba-ranks/chart-history/blp/|magazine=Billboard|access-date=14 September 2022}}</ref> ! width="45"| <small>[[Billboard charts|US Reggae]]</small><br><ref>{{cite magazine|title=Chart History: Shabba Ranks - Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/shabba-ranks/chart-history/bsi/|magazine=Billboard|access-date=14 September 2022}}</ref> ! width="45"| <small>[[ARIA Charts|AUS]]</small><br><ref name="ARIA history">{{cite web|url= https://imgur.com/a/4e9pG9z | title=Shabba Ranks ARIA Chart history (complete to 2024)|publisher=ARIA|via=Imgur.com|access-date= July 26, 2024}}</ref> ! width="45"| <small>[[UK Albums Chart|UK]]</small><br><ref name="British Hit Singles & Albums"/> |- ! scope="row"| ''Rough & Rugged''<br><small>(akiwa na [[Chaka Demus]])</small> | * Ilitolewa: 1988 * Lebo: Jammy's Records/Super Power * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Rappin' with the Ladies]]'' | * Ilitolewa: 1988 * Lebo: Jammy's Records/Super Power * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | — || 75 || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Best Baby Father]]'' | * Ilitolewa: 1988 * Lebo: [[Greensleeves Records|Greensleeves]] * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''Holding On''<br><small>(akiwa na Home T na [[Cocoa Tea]])</small> | * Ilitolewa: 1989 * Lebo: Greensleeves * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Just Reality]]'' | * Ilitolewa: 1990 * Lebo: [[VP Records|VP]] * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Golden Touch (album)|Golden Touch]]'' | * Ilitolewa: 1991 * Lebo: VP * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''[[As Raw as Ever]]'' | * Ilitolewa: 21 Mei 1991 * Lebo: [[Epic Records|Epic]] * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | 89 || 1 || — || — || 51 | * [[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]]: Gold<ref name="RIAA">{{cite certification|region=United States|artist=Shabba Ranks|access-date=4 December 2022}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| ''Mr. Maximum'' | * Ilitolewa: 1992 * Lebo: Greensleeves * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | —|| 56 || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Rough & Ready Volume 1]]'' | * Ilitolewa: 14 Julai 1992 * Lebo: Epic * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | 78 || 24 || — || — || 71 | |- ! scope="row"| ''[[X-tra Naked]]'' | * Ilitolewa: Oktoba 1992 * Lebo: Epic * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | 64 || 11 || 14 || 188 || 38 | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Rough & Ready Volume 2]]'' | * Ilitolewa: 26 Oktoba 1993 * Lebo: Epic * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | — || 84 || 10 || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''[[A Mi Shabba]]'' | * Ilitolewa: 13 Juni 1995 * Lebo: Epic * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | 133 || 25 || 2 || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Get Up Stand Up (album)|Get Up Stand Up]]'' | * Ilitolewa: Novemba 1998 * Lebo: Artists Only * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | — || — || — || — || — | |- | colspan="8" style="text-align:center; font-size:9pt;"| Alama ya "—" inamaanisha kuwa albamu haikuingia kwenye chati. |} === Albamu za Mchanganyiko (Compilation Albums) === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! rowspan="2"| Mwaka ! rowspan="2"| Albamu ! colspan="1"| Chati |- ! width="40"| <small>[[Billboard charts|US Reggae]]</small><br><ref>{{cite magazine|title=Chart History: Shabba Ranks - Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/shabba-ranks/chart-history/bsi/|magazine=Billboard|access-date=14 September 2022}}</ref> |- | 1998 | align="left"| ''[[Shabba Ranks and Friends]]'' | 14 |- |} === Singo === {| class="wikitable" |- ! rowspan="2"| Mwaka ! rowspan="2"| Jina la Wimbo ! colspan="6"| Nafasi ya Chati ! rowspan="2"| Albamu |- ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"| {{Ill|Jamaica Music Society|it|lt={{abbr|JAM<br>Air.|Jamaica Airplay}}}}<br><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.jammsonline.com/ |title=JAMMS – BMAT Charts – Top 10 |accessdate=7 December 2025 |lang=en |publisher={{Ill|Jamaica Music Society|it}} |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250811145504/https://www.jammsonline.com/ |archive-date=11 August 2025 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"| [[Billboard Hot 100|US]]<br><ref>{{cite magazine|title=Chart History: Shabba Ranks - Billboard Hot 100|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/shabba-ranks/chart-history/hsi/|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=14 September 2022}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"| [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|US R&B]]<br><ref>{{cite magazine|title=Chart History: Shabba Ranks - Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/shabba-ranks/chart-history/bsi/|magazine=Billboard|access-date=14 September 2022}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"| [[Hot Rap Songs|US Rap]]<br><ref>{{cite magazine|title=Chart History: Shabba Ranks - Hot Rap Songs|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/shabba-ranks/chart-history/rap/|magazine=Billboard|access-date=14 September 2022}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"| [[ARIA Charts|AUS]]<br><ref name="ARIA history"/> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"| [[UK Singles Chart|UK]]<br><ref name="British Hit Singles & Albums">{{cite book|first=David|last=Roberts|year=2006|title=[[British Hit Singles & Albums]]|edition=19th|publisher=Guinness World Records Limited|location=London|isbn= 1-904994-10-5|page=450}}</ref> |- | 1989 | "Peanie Peanie" | align=center rowspan="7" {{n/a|*}} | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="1"|''Peanie Peanie Riddim'' |- | 1990 | "Roots & Culture" | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="1"|''Just Reality'' |- | rowspan="3"| 1991 | "[[She's a Woman]]" <small>(akiwa na [[Scritti Politti]])</small> | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | 20 | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="1" {{N/A|Single ya nje ya Albamu}} |- | "Trailer Load a Girls" | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | 63 | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="3"|''As Raw as Ever'' |- | "Housecall" <small>(amemshirikisha [[Maxi Priest]])</small> | align=center | 37 | align=center | 4 | align=center | ― | align=center | 153 | align=center | 31 |- | rowspan="4"| 1992 | "The Jam" <small>(amemshirikisha [[KRS-One]])</small> | align=center | ― | align=center | 52 | align=center | 1 | align=center | ― | align=center | ― |- | "[[Mr. Loverman]]" <small>(amemshirikisha [[Deborahe Glasgow]])</small> | align=center | 40 | align=center | 2 | align=center | ― | align=center | 163 | align=center | 23 | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="1"|''Rough & Ready, Vol. 1''/''[[Deep Cover (soundtrack)|Deep Cover]]'' |- | "Ting A Ling" | align=center | 9 | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | 25 | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2"|''X-tra Naked'' |- | "Slow and Sexy" <small>(amemshirikisha [[Johnny Gill]])</small> | align=center rowspan="11" {{n/a|*}} | align=center | 33 | align=center | 4 | align=center | ― | align=center | 181 | align=center | 17 |- | rowspan="6"| 1993 | "I Was a King" <small>(akiwa na [[Eddie Murphy]])</small> | align=center | ― | align=center | 61 | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | 64 | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="1" {{N/A|Single ya nje ya Albamu}} |- | "Mr. Loverman" <small>(Marekebisho)</small> | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | 3 | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2"|''X-tra Naked'' |- | "Muscle Grip" | align=center | ― | align=center | 67 | align=center | 29 | align=center | ― | align=center | ― |- | "Housecall" <small>(Remix; amemshirikisha Maxi Priest)</small> | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | 8 | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="1" {{N/A|Single ya nje ya Albamu}} |- | "What'cha Gonna Do" <small>(amemshirikisha [[Queen Latifah]])</small> | align=center | ― | align=center | 62 | align=center | 14 | align=center | ― | align=center | 21 | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="1"|''X-tra Naked'' |- | "[[Family Affair (Sly and the Family Stone song)#Notable covers and derivative recordings|Family Affair]]" <small>(amemshirikisha [[Patra (singer)|Patra]] na [[Terri & Monica]])</small> | align=center | 84 | align=center | 16 | align=center | 6 | align=center | ― | align=center | 18 | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="1" {{N/A|Single ya nje ya Albamu}} |- | rowspan="2"| 1995 | "Let's Get It On" | align=center | 81 | align=center | 27 | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | 22 | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2"|''A Mi Shabba'' |- | "Shine Eye Gal" <small>(amemshirikisha Mykal Rose)</small> | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | 46 |- | 1996 | "Heart of a Lion" | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2" {{N/A|Single ya nje ya Albamu}} |- | 1997 | "So Jah Say" | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― |- | colspan="9" align="center" style="font-size:85%;" | Alama ya "—" inamaanisha kuwa wimbo haukuingia chati au haukutolewa katika eneo hilo.<br>Alama ya "*" inamaanisha chati hiyo ilikuwa haijaanza kutumika kipindi hicho. |} == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * {{Allmusic|class=artist|id=p2930/biography|pure_url=yes|Wasifu wa Shabba Ranks kwenye tovuti ya AMG}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060424215818/http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/shabbaranks Shabba Ranks kwenye tovuti ya Rolling Stone] {{BD|1966}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ranks, Shabba}} [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Jamaika]] fhuq59gnz0kb078zs2bjhn4ith9wx4g 1550029 1550016 2026-05-24T21:04:40Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 3 template(s) replaced. 1550029 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Shabba Ranks | jina_la_heshima = [[Order of Distinction (Jamaica)|OD]] | picha = Shabba Ranks at Reggae Land Festival 2024 (cropped).jpg | maelezo = Shabba Ranks akitumbuiza katika Tamasha la Reggae Land mnamo mwaka 2024 | background = solo_singer | jina_la_kuzaliwa = Rexton Rawlston Fernando Gordon | mahali_pa_kuzaliwa = [[Parokia ya Saint Ann|Saint Ann]], Jamaika | asili = [[Kingston, Jamaika|Kingston]], Jamaika | aina = [[Dancehall]], [[Reggae]], [[Hip-hop]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/shabba-ranks-mn0000129817|title=Shabba Ranks - Music Biography, Credits and Discography|publisher=[[AllMusic]]|access-date=11 October 2014|archive-date=27 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141027043436/http://www.allmusic.com/artist/shabba-ranks-mn0000129817|url-status=live}}</ref> | kazi = Mwanamuziki | miaka ya kazi = 1985–sasa | studio = [[Epic Records|Epic]] (1991–1996) | tovuti = }} '''Rexton Rawlston Fernando Gordon''' <small>[[Order of Distinction (Jamaica)|OD]]</small><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=18 October 2016 |title=Shabba deserves his award! |url=http://jamaica-star.com/article/news/20161018/shabba-deserves-his-award |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170115074428/http://jamaica-star.com/article/news/20161018/shabba-deserves-his-award |archive-date=2017-01-15 |access-date=2025-07-04 |website=jamaica-star.com |language=en |quote=Shabba Ranks was conferred with the Order of Distinction for his outstanding contribution to music at the National Honours and Awards ceremony.}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2023-10-17 |title=Dancehall invested – Artistes who've received Nat'l Awards |url=https://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/entertainment/20231017/dancehall-invested-artistes-whove-received-natl-awards |access-date=2025-07-04 |website=jamaica-gleaner.com |language=en |quote=Rexton 'Shabba Ranks' Gordon was inducted into the Order of Distinction in the rank of Officer in 2016}}</ref> (alizaliwa 17 Januari 1966),<ref name="pitchfork">{{cite news |last1=MacLeod |first1=Erin |title=Shabba Ranks |url=https://pitchfork.com/features/starter/9174-shabba-ranks/ |access-date=26 February 2019 |publisher=Pitchfork |date=30 July 2013 |archive-date=27 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190227120740/https://pitchfork.com/features/starter/9174-shabba-ranks/ |url-status=live }}</ref> anajulikana zaidi kwa jina lake la kisanii kama '''Shabba Ranks''', ni mwanamuziki wa [[dancehall]] kutoka nchini [[Jamaika]]. Mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1980 na mapema miaka ya 1990, alikuwa mmoja wa wanamuziki wa Jamaika waliopata umaarufu mkubwa zaidi duniani. Ingawa mafanikio yake ya awali yalimfanya kuwa msanii mashuhuri wa dancehall nchini mwake, alipata umaarufu mkubwa barani [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]] kupitia albamu yake ya ''[[Just Reality]]'' mnamo mwaka 1990. Alitoa albamu nyingine zilizofanya vizuri sana, zikiwemo ''[[As Raw as Ever]]'' na ''[[X-tra Naked]]'', ambazo zote zilishinda [[Tuzo za Grammy]] kama Albamu Bora ya Reggae (Grammy Award for Best Reggae Album) mnamo mwaka 1992 na 1993 mtawalia. Shabba Ranks anafahamika duniani kote kwa nyimbo zake zilizovuma sana kama "[[Mr. Loverman]]" na "Ting-A-Ling", ambazo zinatambulika kama alama kuu ya muziki wake.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/entertainment/20190331/making-mr-loverman-shabbas-biggest-song-date|title=Making 'Mr Loverman', Shabba's biggest song to date|date=31 March 2019|website=Jamaica-gleaner.com|access-date=21 March 2021|archive-date=10 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190910004425/http://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/entertainment/20190331/making-mr-loverman-shabbas-biggest-song-date|url-status=live}}</ref> == Maisha ya awali == Shabba Ranks alizaliwa katika kijiji cha [[Joseph Sturge|Sturge Town]], katika Parokia ya [[Parokia ya Saint Ann|Saint Ann]], [[Jamaika]], na alilelewa katika mitaa ya [[Seaview Gardens]] jijini [[Kingston, Jamaika|Kingston]].<ref name=Emperor>{{cite news |last1=Henry |first1=Davina |title=The Dancehall Emperor Is Back! |url=http://jamaica-gleaner.com/gleaner/20120717/ent/ent1.html |access-date=26 February 2019 |publisher=The Gleaner |date=17 July 2012 |archive-date=27 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190227061930/http://jamaica-gleaner.com/gleaner/20120717/ent/ent1.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Seaview">{{cite web |last1=Campbell |first1=Howard |title=Seaview music goes abroad |url=https://www.jamaicaobserver.com/splash/seaview-music-goes-abroad_226194 |website=Jamaica Observer |access-date=29 July 2021 |date=16 July 2021}}</ref> Baba yake, Ivan Gordon, alikuwa mjenzi wa mawe ambaye alifariki dunia mnamo mwaka 1990.<ref name="NYT">{{cite web |last1=Louie |first1=Elaine |title=Thanks, Mom. Here's Your New House. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/12/16/garden/thanks-mom-here-s-your-new-house.html |website=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=29 July 2021 |date=16 December 1993}}</ref> Mama yake, Constance "Mama Christie" Christie, aliendelea kuishi Seaview hata baada ya Shabba kupata mafanikio, akisaidia kulisha na kusaidia jamii hiyo kwa fedha zilizokuwa zikitumwa na mwanae kutoka ughaibuni. Mama Christie alikuja kuwa mada ya wimbo uliovuma sana mnamo mwaka 2015 wa "Shabba Madda Pot" ulioimbwa na msanii wa dancehall [[Dexta Daps]].<ref name="Shabba Madda Pot">{{cite web |last1=Deleon |first1=Rene |title='Shabba Madda Pot' more than just a song |url=https://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/entertainment/20160508/shabba-madda-pot-more-just-song |website=Jamaica Gleaner |access-date=29 July 2021 |date=6 May 2016}}</ref> == Safari ya kazi == Shabba Ranks alipata umaarufu mkubwa kupitia mtindo wa "toasting" (kurap juu ya midundo ya reggae/dancehall) tofauti na kuimba kwa sauti ya kawaida kama walivyokuwa wakifanya wasanii wengine wa nyakati zake nchini Jamaika. Alikuwa mwanafunzi na msaidizi wa DJ [[Josey Wales (singer)|Josey Wales]].<ref name="LarkinReggae">{{cite book|title=[[Encyclopedia of Popular Music|The Guinness Who's Who of Reggae]]|editor=[[Colin Larkin (writer)|Colin Larkin]]|publisher=[[Guinness Publishing]]|date=1994|edition=First|isbn=0-85112-734-7|page=218/20}}</ref> Jina lake la kwanza la kisanii lilikuwa Co-Pilot.<ref name= "pitchfork"/> Safari yake ya kimataifa ilianza mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1980, akishirikiana na wasanii wenzake wa Jamaika wakiwemo waimbaji wa [[reggae]] [[Cocoa Tea]] na Crystal. Shabba pia alifanya kazi na mwanamuziki mkongwe wa Marekani [[Chuck Berry]] pamoja na wasanii wa hip-hop wa Marekani kama [[KRS-One]] na [[Chubb Rock]]. Alifanikiwa kusaini mkataba mkubwa wa kurekodi muziki na lebo ya [[Epic Records]] mnamo mwaka 1989.<ref name= "pitchfork"/> Asili ya kimtindo ya aina ya muziki inayojulikana leo kama [[reggaeton]] inaweza kufuatiliwa nyuma hadi kwenye wimbo wa Shabba wa mwaka 1990 uitwao "[[Dem Bow]]", kutoka kwenye albamu yake ya ''[[Just Reality]]''. Mdundo huo uliotayarishwa na [[Robert Dixon (musician)|Bobby "Digital" Dixon]], ulijulikana kama mdundo wa *Dem Bow riddim* na ukawa maarufu sana nchini Puerto Rico kiasi kwamba muziki wa mapema wa reggaeton wa Puerto Rico ulikuwa ukiitwa tu "Dembow".<ref>{{cite news | first=Wayne | last=Marshall | title=The Rise of Reggaeton | date=19 January 2006 | url=http://thephoenix.com/Article.aspx?id=1595 | work=The Phoenix | page=4 | access-date=5 December 2007 | archive-date=3 May 2008 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080503201436/http://thephoenix.com/article.aspx?id=1595 | url-status=live }}</ref> Mdundo huu umekuwa sehemu isiyotengana na muziki wa reggaeton hadi sasa.<ref>{{cite news | first=Jon | last=Carimanica | title=Grow Dem Bow | date=12 January 2006 | url=http://www.villagevoice.com/music/0603,caramanica,71722,22.html | work=The Village Voice | access-date=5 December 2007 | archive-date=14 December 2007 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071214051738/http://www.villagevoice.com/music/0603,caramanica,71722,22.html | url-status=dead }}</ref> Jina la wimbo huo pia limezaa tawi lingine la muziki kutoka Jamhuri ya Dominika linaloitwa [[Dominican dembow]].<ref> Exposito, Suzy; Leight, Elias (2019-11-07). "Dembow Took Over the Dominican Republic. Can It Take Over the World?". Rolling Stone.</ref> Wimbo wake uliopata mafanikio makubwa zaidi nje ya Jamaika ulikuwa mchanganyiko wa reggae na pop uitwao "Mr. Loverman". Nyimbo nyingine zilizovuma sana ni pamoja na "Housecall" aliyoshirikiana na [[Maxi Priest]], "Slow and Sexy" aliyoshirikiana na [[Johnny Gill]], "Respect", "Pirates Anthem", "Trailer Load a Girls", "Wicked inna Bed", "Caan Dun", na "Ting A Ling". Alishinda [[Grammy Award for Best Reggae Album|Tuzo ya Grammy ya Albamu Bora ya Reggae]] mnamo mwaka 1992 kwa albamu ya ''[[As Raw as Ever]]'' na mwaka 1993 kwa albamu ya ''[[X-tra Naked]]''.<ref name="pitchfork"/> Mnamo mwaka 1993, Shabba alipata wimbo mwingine mkubwa kwenye kibwagizo (soundtrack) cha filamu ya ''[[Addams Family Values]]'' ambapo alirudia wimbo maarufu wa kundi la Sly and the Family Stone uitwao "[[Family Affair (Sly and the Family Stone song)|Family Affair]]" kwa mtindo wa rap na reggae.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Breihan |first1=Tom |title=The Number Ones: Sly & The Family Stone's 'Family Affair' |url=https://www.stereogum.com/2031951/the-number-ones-sly-the-family-stones-family-affair/franchises/the-number-ones/ |access-date=26 February 2019 |publisher=Stereogum |date=13 February 2019 |archive-date=27 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190227060534/https://www.stereogum.com/2031951/the-number-ones-sly-the-family-stones-family-affair/franchises/the-number-ones/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Albamu yake ya tatu chini ya Epic Records, ''[[A Mi Shabba]]'', ilitolewa mwaka 1995. Hata hivyo, lebo hiyo ilivunja mkataba naye mnamo mwaka 1996. Epic ilikuja kutoa albamu ya nyimbo zake bora mnamo mwaka 1999 iliyopewa jina la ''[[Shabba Ranks and Friends]]''. Shabba Ranks alirejea kwa kiasi fulani kwenye tasnia mnamo mwaka 2007 alipoonekana kwenye wimbo wa "Clear the Air" wa msanii [[Busta Rhymes]], uliomshirikisha pia [[Akon]]. Mnamo mwezi Aprili 2011, alitoa wimbo uitwao "None A Dem" chini ya mdundo wa Pepper Riddim wa studio ya Big Ship. Mnamo mwaka 2012, alishirikishwa na rappa [[Tech N9ne]] kwenye wimbo wa "Boy Toy". Mwaka 2013, Shabba alitajwa na kupewa heshima kwenye wimbo maarufu wa rappa [[A$AP Ferg]] uitwao "[[Shabba (song)|Shabba]]," ambapo Shabba Ranks mwenyewe alionekana kama mgeni mwalikwa mwishoni mwa video ya wimbo huo.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iXZxipry6kE&feature=c4-overview&list=UUsjrSi7xMkKPk4gcLSjFKbA |title=A$AP Ferg feat. A$AP Rocky – Shabba |date=15 July 2013 |publisher=YouTube |access-date=15 July 2013 |archive-date=7 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131207101806/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iXZxipry6kE&feature=c4-overview&list=UUsjrSi7xMkKPk4gcLSjFKbA |url-status=live }}</ref> Alisikika pia kwenye mchanganyiko wa wimbo huo (remix) mnamo tarehe 23 Novemba 2013 akiwa na kundi la [[Migos]] na Busta Rhymes.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.audiomack.com/song/diversehiphop/shabba-remix-feat-shabba-ranks-busta-rhymes-migos |title=A$AP Ferg – Shabba (Remix) (feat. Shabba Ranks, Busta Rhymes & Migos) – Listen |publisher=AudioMack |access-date=24 November 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131127050957/http://www.audiomack.com/song/diversehiphop/shabba-remix-feat-shabba-ranks-busta-rhymes-migos |archive-date=27 November 2013 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> == Migogoro na ukosoaji == Shabba Ranks amewahi kukumbwa na ukosoaji mkubwa kutokana na mitazamo na kauli zinazopinga ushoga . Wimbo wake wa mwaka 1990 "Wicked Inna Bed" ulijumuisha mashairi yaliyotafsiriwa kama kuchochea vurugu dhidi ya wanaume wanaofanya mapenzi ya jinsia moja.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Chunnu |first1=Winsome Marcia |title=Battyboy must die! Dancehall, class and religion in Jamaican homophobia |journal=European Journal of Cultural Studies |date=February 2021 |volume=24 |issue=1 |pages=123–142 |doi=10.1177/1367549420951578|s2cid=225243371 }}</ref> Mnamo mwaka 1992, alipotokea kwenye kipindi cha muziki cha Channel 4 nchini Uingereza kiitwacho ''[[The Word (TV series)|The Word]]'', aliulizwa maoni yake kuhusu wimbo wa "Boom Bye Bye" wa msanii mwenzake [[Buju Banton]]. Shabba alinyanyua Biblia aliyokuwa ameishika na kudai kuwa "Neno la Mungu" linaruhusu "kusulubiwa kwa washenzi na mashoga". Kauli hizo zililaaniwa vikali papo hapo na mtangazaji wa kipindi hicho, Mark Lamarr. Kufuatia matamshi hayo, Shabba aliondolewa kwenye tamasha kubwa la mwimbaji [[Bobby Brown]] ambapo alikuwa mtumbuizaji mwalikwa, na alikumbana na misukosuko mikubwa na lebo yake ya Sony Music. Baadaye, Shabba Ranks alitoa ombi rasmi la msamaha, akieleza kuwa hakusudia kamwe kuchochea mauaji au ukatili dhidi ya binadamu yeyote.<ref name= "pitchfork"/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GIRmQNM4xUk#t=1m22s |title=The Word |year=1992 |publisher=Channel 4 |access-date=8 September 2010 |archive-date=24 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110924002216/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GIRmQNM4xUk&gl=US&hl=en&has_verified=1#t=1m22s |url-status=live }}</ref> == Maisha binafsi == Shabba Ranks na mke wake, Michelle, wana watoto wawili wa kiume ambao ni Rexton Jr. na Jahwon.<ref name=Emperor/> Kwa sasa wanaishi jijini [[New York]], Marekani.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Meminger |first1=Dean |title=Soul's Survivors: Shabba Ranks Sees Hip-Hop as Younger Brother of His Dancehall |url=https://www.ny1.com/nyc/all-boroughs/souls-survivors/2017/07/2/shabba-ranks-profile-dancehall-hip-hop-reggae-influences |website=[[NY1]] |access-date=29 July 2021 |date=2 July 2017}}</ref> == Tuzo == {| class="wikitable" |- ! style="text-align:center;"| Mwaka ! style="text-align:center;"| Tuzo ! style="text-align:center;"| Kipengele ! style="text-align:center;"| Kazi Iliyoteuliwa ! style="text-align:center;"| Matokeo |- | 1992 | [[Tuzo za Grammy]] | [[34th_Annual_Grammy_Awards#Reggae|Albamu Bora ya Reggae]] | ''[[As Raw as Ever]]'' | {{Won}} |- | 1993 | Tuzo za Grammy | [[35th_Annual_Grammy_Awards#Reggae|Albamu Bora ya Reggae]] | ''[[X-tra Naked]]'' | {{Won}} |- |} == Diskografia == === Albamu za Studio === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:15em;"| Jina la Albamu ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:15em;"| Maelezo ya Albamu ! scope="col" colspan="5" | Nafasi za Chati ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:12em;"| Mauzo na Vyeti (Certifications) |- ! width="45"| <small>[[Billboard 200|US]]</small><br><ref>{{cite magazine|title=Chart History: Shabba Ranks - Billboard 200|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/shabba-ranks/chart-history/tlp/|magazine=Billboard|access-date=14 September 2022}}</ref> ! width="45"| <small>[[Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums|US R&B]]</small><br><ref>{{cite magazine|title=Chart History: Shabba Ranks - Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/shabba-ranks/chart-history/blp/|magazine=Billboard|access-date=14 September 2022}}</ref> ! width="45"| <small>[[Billboard charts|US Reggae]]</small><br><ref>{{cite magazine|title=Chart History: Shabba Ranks - Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/shabba-ranks/chart-history/bsi/|magazine=Billboard|access-date=14 September 2022}}</ref> ! width="45"| <small>[[ARIA Charts|AUS]]</small><br><ref name="ARIA history">{{cite web|url= https://imgur.com/a/4e9pG9z | title=Shabba Ranks ARIA Chart history (complete to 2024)|publisher=ARIA|via=Imgur.com|access-date= July 26, 2024}}</ref> ! width="45"| <small>[[UK Albums Chart|UK]]</small><br><ref name="British Hit Singles & Albums"/> |- ! scope="row"| ''Rough & Rugged''<br><small>(akiwa na [[Chaka Demus]])</small> | * Ilitolewa: 1988 * Lebo: Jammy's Records/Super Power * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Rappin' with the Ladies]]'' | * Ilitolewa: 1988 * Lebo: Jammy's Records/Super Power * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | — || 75 || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Best Baby Father]]'' | * Ilitolewa: 1988 * Lebo: [[Greensleeves Records|Greensleeves]] * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''Holding On''<br><small>(akiwa na Home T na [[Cocoa Tea]])</small> | * Ilitolewa: 1989 * Lebo: Greensleeves * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Just Reality]]'' | * Ilitolewa: 1990 * Lebo: [[VP Records|VP]] * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Golden Touch (album)|Golden Touch]]'' | * Ilitolewa: 1991 * Lebo: VP * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''[[As Raw as Ever]]'' | * Ilitolewa: 21 Mei 1991 * Lebo: [[Epic Records|Epic]] * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | 89 || 1 || — || — || 51 | * [[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]]: Gold<ref name="RIAA">{{cite certification|region=United States|artist=Shabba Ranks|access-date=4 December 2022}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| ''Mr. Maximum'' | * Ilitolewa: 1992 * Lebo: Greensleeves * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | —|| 56 || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Rough & Ready Volume 1]]'' | * Ilitolewa: 14 Julai 1992 * Lebo: Epic * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | 78 || 24 || — || — || 71 | |- ! scope="row"| ''[[X-tra Naked]]'' | * Ilitolewa: Oktoba 1992 * Lebo: Epic * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | 64 || 11 || 14 || 188 || 38 | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Rough & Ready Volume 2]]'' | * Ilitolewa: 26 Oktoba 1993 * Lebo: Epic * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | — || 84 || 10 || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''[[A Mi Shabba]]'' | * Ilitolewa: 13 Juni 1995 * Lebo: Epic * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | 133 || 25 || 2 || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Get Up Stand Up (album)|Get Up Stand Up]]'' | * Ilitolewa: Novemba 1998 * Lebo: Artists Only * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | — || — || — || — || — | |- | colspan="8" style="text-align:center; font-size:9pt;"| Alama ya "—" inamaanisha kuwa albamu haikuingia kwenye chati. |} === Albamu za Mchanganyiko (Compilation Albums) === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! rowspan="2"| Mwaka ! rowspan="2"| Albamu ! colspan="1"| Chati |- ! width="40"| <small>[[Billboard charts|US Reggae]]</small><br><ref>{{cite magazine|title=Chart History: Shabba Ranks - Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/shabba-ranks/chart-history/bsi/|magazine=Billboard|access-date=14 September 2022}}</ref> |- | 1998 | align="left"| ''[[Shabba Ranks and Friends]]'' | 14 |- |} === Singo === {| class="wikitable" |- ! rowspan="2"| Mwaka ! rowspan="2"| Jina la Wimbo ! colspan="6"| Nafasi ya Chati ! rowspan="2"| Albamu |- ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"| {{Ill|Jamaica Music Society|it|lt={{abbr|JAM<br>Air.|Jamaica Airplay}}}}<br><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.jammsonline.com/ |title=JAMMS – BMAT Charts – Top 10 |accessdate=7 December 2025 |lang=en |publisher={{Ill|Jamaica Music Society|it}} |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250811145504/https://www.jammsonline.com/ |archive-date=11 August 2025 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"| [[Billboard Hot 100|US]]<br><ref>{{cite magazine|title=Chart History: Shabba Ranks - Billboard Hot 100|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/shabba-ranks/chart-history/hsi/|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=14 September 2022}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"| [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|US R&B]]<br><ref>{{cite magazine|title=Chart History: Shabba Ranks - Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/shabba-ranks/chart-history/bsi/|magazine=Billboard|access-date=14 September 2022}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"| [[Hot Rap Songs|US Rap]]<br><ref>{{cite magazine|title=Chart History: Shabba Ranks - Hot Rap Songs|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/shabba-ranks/chart-history/rap/|magazine=Billboard|access-date=14 September 2022}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"| [[ARIA Charts|AUS]]<br><ref name="ARIA history"/> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"| [[UK Singles Chart|UK]]<br><ref name="British Hit Singles & Albums">{{cite book|first=David|last=Roberts|year=2006|title=[[British Hit Singles & Albums]]|edition=19th|publisher=Guinness World Records Limited|location=London|isbn= 1-904994-10-5|page=450}}</ref> |- | 1989 | "Peanie Peanie" | align=center rowspan="7" {{n/a|*}} | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="1"|''Peanie Peanie Riddim'' |- | 1990 | "Roots & Culture" | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="1"|''Just Reality'' |- | rowspan="3"| 1991 | "[[She's a Woman]]" <small>(akiwa na [[Scritti Politti]])</small> | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | 20 | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="1" {{N/A|Single ya nje ya Albamu}} |- | "Trailer Load a Girls" | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | 63 | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="3"|''As Raw as Ever'' |- | "Housecall" <small>(amemshirikisha [[Maxi Priest]])</small> | align=center | 37 | align=center | 4 | align=center | ― | align=center | 153 | align=center | 31 |- | rowspan="4"| 1992 | "The Jam" <small>(amemshirikisha [[KRS-One]])</small> | align=center | ― | align=center | 52 | align=center | 1 | align=center | ― | align=center | ― |- | "[[Mr. Loverman]]" <small>(amemshirikisha [[Deborahe Glasgow]])</small> | align=center | 40 | align=center | 2 | align=center | ― | align=center | 163 | align=center | 23 | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="1"|''Rough & Ready, Vol. 1''/''[[Deep Cover (soundtrack)|Deep Cover]]'' |- | "Ting A Ling" | align=center | 9 | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | 25 | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2"|''X-tra Naked'' |- | "Slow and Sexy" <small>(amemshirikisha [[Johnny Gill]])</small> | align=center rowspan="11" {{n/a|*}} | align=center | 33 | align=center | 4 | align=center | ― | align=center | 181 | align=center | 17 |- | rowspan="6"| 1993 | "I Was a King" <small>(akiwa na [[Eddie Murphy]])</small> | align=center | ― | align=center | 61 | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | 64 | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="1" {{N/A|Single ya nje ya Albamu}} |- | "Mr. Loverman" <small>(Marekebisho)</small> | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | 3 | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2"|''X-tra Naked'' |- | "Muscle Grip" | align=center | ― | align=center | 67 | align=center | 29 | align=center | ― | align=center | ― |- | "Housecall" <small>(Remix; amemshirikisha Maxi Priest)</small> | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | 8 | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="1" {{N/A|Single ya nje ya Albamu}} |- | "What'cha Gonna Do" <small>(amemshirikisha [[Queen Latifah]])</small> | align=center | ― | align=center | 62 | align=center | 14 | align=center | ― | align=center | 21 | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="1"|''X-tra Naked'' |- | "[[Family Affair (Sly and the Family Stone song)#Notable covers and derivative recordings|Family Affair]]" <small>(amemshirikisha [[Patra (singer)|Patra]] na [[Terri & Monica]])</small> | align=center | 84 | align=center | 16 | align=center | 6 | align=center | ― | align=center | 18 | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="1" {{N/A|Single ya nje ya Albamu}} |- | rowspan="2"| 1995 | "Let's Get It On" | align=center | 81 | align=center | 27 | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | 22 | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2"|''A Mi Shabba'' |- | "Shine Eye Gal" <small>(amemshirikisha Mykal Rose)</small> | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | 46 |- | 1996 | "Heart of a Lion" | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2" {{N/A|Single ya nje ya Albamu}} |- | 1997 | "So Jah Say" | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― | align=center | ― |- | colspan="9" align="center" style="font-size:85%;" | Alama ya "—" inamaanisha kuwa wimbo haukuingia chati au haukutolewa katika eneo hilo.<br>Alama ya "*" inamaanisha chati hiyo ilikuwa haijaanza kutumika kipindi hicho. |} == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * {{Allmusic|class=artist|id=p2930/biography|pure_url=yes|Wasifu wa Shabba Ranks kwenye tovuti ya AMG}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060424215818/http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/shabbaranks Shabba Ranks kwenye tovuti ya Rolling Stone] {{BD|1966}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ranks, Shabba}} [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Jamaika]] dc9xt3i80ogoy424etzcdcy4jtqrwzr William Bliss Baker 0 238501 1550017 2026-05-24T20:33:22Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''William Bliss Baker''' ([[Novemba 27]], [[1859]] – [[Novemba 20]], [[1886]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] wa [[Marekani]] ambaye alianza kuchora wakati ''Hudson River School'' ilikishuka. Alianza masomo yake mwaka [[1876]] katika ''National Academy of Design'', ambako alisoma na [[Albert Bierstadt]] na [[William F. de Haas]]. Alikamilisha zaidi ya michoro 130, ikiwemo kadhaa kwa rangi nyeusi na nyeupe. Alifariki kutokana na ajali ya kuteleza kwenye barafu akiwa...' 1550017 wikitext text/x-wiki '''William Bliss Baker''' ([[Novemba 27]], [[1859]] – [[Novemba 20]], [[1886]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] wa [[Marekani]] ambaye alianza kuchora wakati ''Hudson River School'' ilikishuka. Alianza masomo yake mwaka [[1876]] katika ''National Academy of Design'', ambako alisoma na [[Albert Bierstadt]] na [[William F. de Haas]]. Alikamilisha zaidi ya michoro 130, ikiwemo kadhaa kwa rangi nyeusi na nyeupe. Alifariki kutokana na ajali ya kuteleza kwenye barafu akiwa na umri wa miaka 26 tu.<ref name="adirondack">{{cite web |url=http://adirondack.pastperfect-online.com/31694cgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id=B00C8109-0F8C-4E81-AEE7-672915502154;type=101 |title=A Pleasant Day At Lake George |website=Adirondack Museum |access-date=August 25, 2013 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130825173018/http://adirondack.pastperfect-online.com/31694cgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id=B00C8109-0F8C-4E81-AEE7-672915502154;type=101 |url-status=live |archive-date=August 25, 2013 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1859]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1886]] kn369ihpoh6vvbu4kh947wll5orrgst Anders Sandøe Ørsted Bull 0 238502 1550018 2026-05-24T20:35:23Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Anders Sandøe Ørsted Bull''' (13 Septemba 1817 – 15 Aprili 1907) alikuwa mtumishi wa serikali na waziri wa serikali wa [[Norwei]]. Aliwahi kuwa waziri kaimu wa Wizara ya Jeshi mwaka 1875 (mara mbili), 1881 na 1884. Pia aliwahi kuwa meya wa Oslo mwaka 1877 na 1878. ==Historia ya maisha== Alizaliwa huko [[Bergen]] katika mkoa wa [[Hordaland]], Norway.<ref name=nsd>{{cite web|url=[http://www.nsd.uib.no/polsys/index.cfm?urlname=polsys&lan=&MenuItem=N1_...' 1550018 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anders Sandøe Ørsted Bull''' (13 Septemba 1817 – 15 Aprili 1907) alikuwa mtumishi wa serikali na waziri wa serikali wa [[Norwei]]. Aliwahi kuwa waziri kaimu wa Wizara ya Jeshi mwaka 1875 (mara mbili), 1881 na 1884. Pia aliwahi kuwa meya wa Oslo mwaka 1877 na 1878. ==Historia ya maisha== Alizaliwa huko [[Bergen]] katika mkoa wa [[Hordaland]], Norway.<ref name=nsd>{{cite web|url=[http://www.nsd.uib.no/polsys/index.cfm?urlname=polsys&lan=&MenuItem=N1_1&ChildItem=&State=collapse&UttakNr=33&person=4037|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120516071132/http://www.nsd.uib.no/polsys/index.cfm?urlname=polsys&lan=&MenuItem=N1_1&ChildItem=&State=collapse&UttakNr=33&person=4037|url-status=dead|archive-date=May](http://www.nsd.uib.no/polsys/index.cfm?urlname=polsys&lan=&MenuItem=N1_1&ChildItem=&State=collapse&UttakNr=33&person=4037|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120516071132/http://www.nsd.uib.no/polsys/index.cfm?urlname=polsys&lan=&MenuItem=N1_1&ChildItem=&State=collapse&UttakNr=33&person=4037|url-status=dead|archive-date=May) 16, 2012|title=Anders Sandøe Ørsted Bull|publisher=Norwegian Social Science Data Services (NSD)|language=Norwegian|access-date=20 November 2009}}</ref> Alikuwa mtoto wa Jaji Mkuu Georg Jacob Bull (1785–1854) na Barbara Albertine Ørsted (1783–1865). Mama yake alikuwa dada wa mwanasayansi wa Denmark Hans Christian Ørsted na mwanasheria wa Denmark Anders Sandøe Ørsted.<ref>{{cite web|url= [http://vestraat.net/TNG/getperson.php?personID=I94688|title=](http://vestraat.net/TNG/getperson.php?personID=I94688|title=) Anders Sandøe Ørsted Bull |publisher= vestraat.net |access-date= June 20, 2016}}</ref> Pia alikuwa mjukuu wa Jaji Mkuu Johan Randulf Bull, mpwa wa Johan Lausen Bull na mjomba wa daktari mkuu Edvard Isak Hambro Bull.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|year=2007|title=Den trønderske slekten Bull|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|editor=Henriksen, Petter| first=Terje |last=Bratberg |publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget |location=Oslo|url=[http://www.snl.no/Den_tr%C3%B8nderske_slekten_Bull|language=Norwegian|access-date=20](http://www.snl.no/Den_tr%C3%B8nderske_slekten_Bull|language=Norwegian|access-date=20) November 2009}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} ktzg5djeqqaf0a0sz09lv8i6dzel0ie 1550019 1550018 2026-05-24T20:37:00Z Valuegirl 87699 1550019 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anders Sandøe Ørsted Bull''' (13 Septemba 1817 – 15 Aprili 1907) alikuwa mtumishi wa serikali na waziri wa serikali wa [[Norwei]]. Aliwahi kuwa waziri kaimu wa Wizara ya Jeshi mwaka 1875 (mara mbili), 1881 na 1884. Pia aliwahi kuwa meya wa Oslo mwaka 1877 na 1878. ==Historia ya maisha== Alizaliwa huko [[Bergen]] katika mkoa wa [[Hordaland]], Norway.<ref name=nsd>{{cite web|url=[http://www.nsd.uib.no/polsys/index.cfm?urlname=polsys&lan=&MenuItem=N1_1&ChildItem=&State=collapse&UttakNr=33&person=4037|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120516071132/http://www.nsd.uib.no/polsys/index.cfm?urlname=polsys&lan=&MenuItem=N1_1&ChildItem=&State=collapse&UttakNr=33&person=4037|url-status=dead|archive-date=May](http://www.nsd.uib.no/polsys/index.cfm?urlname=polsys&lan=&MenuItem=N1_1&ChildItem=&State=collapse&UttakNr=33&person=4037|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120516071132/http://www.nsd.uib.no/polsys/index.cfm?urlname=polsys&lan=&MenuItem=N1_1&ChildItem=&State=collapse&UttakNr=33&person=4037|url-status=dead|archive-date=May) 16, 2012|title=Anders Sandøe Ørsted Bull|publisher=Norwegian Social Science Data Services (NSD)|language=Norwegian|access-date=20 November 2009}}</ref> Alikuwa mtoto wa Jaji Mkuu Georg Jacob Bull (1785–1854) na Barbara Albertine Ørsted (1783–1865). Mama yake alikuwa dada wa mwanasayansi wa Denmark Hans Christian Ørsted na mwanasheria wa Denmark Anders Sandøe Ørsted.<ref>{{cite web|url= [http://vestraat.net/TNG/getperson.php?personID=I94688|title=](http://vestraat.net/TNG/getperson.php?personID=I94688|title=) Anders Sandøe Ørsted Bull |publisher= vestraat.net |access-date= June 20, 2016}}</ref> Pia alikuwa mjukuu wa Jaji Mkuu Johan Randulf Bull, mpwa wa Johan Lausen Bull na mjomba wa daktari mkuu Edvard Isak Hambro Bull.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|year=2007|title=Den trønderske slekten Bull|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|editor=Henriksen, Petter| first=Terje |last=Bratberg |publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget |location=Oslo|url=[http://www.snl.no/Den_tr%C3%B8nderske_slekten_Bull|language=Norwegian|access-date=20](http://www.snl.no/Den_tr%C3%B8nderske_slekten_Bull|language=Norwegian|access-date=20) November 2009}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] c64czgmtmkvob2hb9pkw71jxypuasow Jozef Bakos 0 238503 1550021 2026-05-24T20:38:14Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jozef G. Bakos''' (anayejulikana kama '''Joseph Bakos'''; [[1891]] – [[1977]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] wa [[Marekani]]. Alikuwa mwanzilishi na mwanachama mwanzilishi wa ''Los Cinco Pintores'', kikundi cha kwanza cha kisasa cha wasanii cha Santa Fe. Alijulikana kwa maonyesho yake ya Kusini-Magharibi [[Amerika]] na alikuwa mhusika mkuu katika sanaa ya Kusini-Magharibi.<ref name="nrhpdoc-Camino">{{NRISref|refnum=88000440|name=Camino del Monte Sol Historic D...' 1550021 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jozef G. Bakos''' (anayejulikana kama '''Joseph Bakos'''; [[1891]] – [[1977]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] wa [[Marekani]]. Alikuwa mwanzilishi na mwanachama mwanzilishi wa ''Los Cinco Pintores'', kikundi cha kwanza cha kisasa cha wasanii cha Santa Fe. Alijulikana kwa maonyesho yake ya Kusini-Magharibi [[Amerika]] na alikuwa mhusika mkuu katika sanaa ya Kusini-Magharibi.<ref name="nrhpdoc-Camino">{{NRISref|refnum=88000440|name=Camino del Monte Sol Historic District|access-date=July 8, 2019}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1891]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1977]] kj21xnchdp469u1fdn0amsvyw8jmedz Maxi Priest 0 238504 1550022 2026-05-24T20:47:15Z Said Mfaume 68307 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox musical artist 2 |jina = Maxi Priest |picha = MaxiPriestJan2011.jpg |maelezo = Priest mwaka 2011 |landscape = yes |background = solo_singer |jina la kuzaliwa = Max Alfred Elliott |jina lingine = |tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|1961|6|10|df=yes}} |mahali pa kuzaliwa = [[Lewisham]], London, England |tarehe ya kufa = |ala = Vocals |aina = [[Reggae]], Roo...' 1550022 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist 2 |jina = Maxi Priest |picha = MaxiPriestJan2011.jpg |maelezo = Priest mwaka 2011 |landscape = yes |background = solo_singer |jina la kuzaliwa = Max Alfred Elliott |jina lingine = |tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|1961|6|10|df=yes}} |mahali pa kuzaliwa = [[Lewisham]], London, England |tarehe ya kufa = |ala = Vocals |aina = [[Reggae]], [[Roots Reggae]], Dancehall, [[R&B]], [[Reggae fusion]], Soul, [[Lovers Rock]], Dub, Sound System |kazi yake = Singer, [[songwriter]] |miaka ya kazi = 1984–present |studio = Level Vibes, [[Charisma Records|Charisma]], [[Atlantic Records|Atlantic]], [[Virgin Records|Virgin]], [[VP Records|VP]] |ameshirikiana na = [[Saxon Studio International]], [[UB40]] |tovuti = {{URL|http://www.maxipriest.com}} }} '''Max Alfred Elliott''' (alizaliwa 10 Juni 1961), anayejulikana zaidi kwa jina lake la kisanii kama '''Maxi Priest''', ni mwimbaji wa reggae kutoka nchini [[Uingereza]] mwenye asili ya [[Jamaika]]. Anafahamika zaidi kwa kuimba muziki wa reggae uliochanganywa na vionjo vya R&B, mtindo unaojulikana kama [[reggae fusion]]. Alikuwa mmoja wa wasanii wa kwanza wa kimataifa kupata mafanikio makubwa kwenye mtindo huu, na anasalia kuwa mmoja wa wasanii waliofanya vizuri zaidi wa muda wote katika aina hiyo ya muziki. Yeye ni mmoja wa wasanii wawili tu wa reggae kutoka Uingereza (mwingine akiwa ni kundi la [[UB40]]) kushika Nafasi ya Kwanza (Number One) kwenye chati kubwa ya Marekani ya ''[[Billboard Hot 100]]'', mafanikio aliyoyapata kupitia wimbo wake maarufu wa "[[Close to You (Maxi Priest song)|Close to You]]" mnamo mwaka 1990. == Maisha ya awali == Maxi Priest alizaliwa Lewisham, London, akiwa mtoto wa pili kutoka mwisho katika familia ya watoto tisa. Wazazi wake walihamia Uingereza kutoka Jamaika ili kutafuta fursa nzuri zaidi za maisha. Alikua akisikiliza muziki wa injili, reggae, R&B, funk, na soul. Alijifunza kuimba kanisani akihimizwa na mama yake, ambaye alikuwa mhubiri wa dhehebu la Pentekoste. Akiwa kijana, Maxi alikuwa akibeba na kuyaunda masanduku ya spika kwa ajili ya mifumo ya sauti maarufu za Jah Shaka na Negus Negast. Alikuwa mmoja wa waasisi mashuhuri wa diskoteki la Saxon Studio International, na akiwa na Saxon ndipo Maxi alipoanaza kutumbuiza kwenye klabu za vijana za mitaani na sherehe za nyumbani. Muziki wake mara nyingi unachangiwa na vionjo vya R&B, ambavyo anavichanganya na reggae. Maxi alimpoteza binamu yake, Jacob Miller, kwenye ajali ya gari tarehe 23 Machi 1980. Miller alikuwa mwimbaji mkuu wa kundi maarufu la reggae la [[Inner Circle (band)|Inner Circle]]. Watoto wawili wa kiume wa Priest pia ni waimbaji: Marvin Priest na Ryan Elliott (ambaye alikuwa kwenye kundi la wavulana la miaka ya 1990 lililoitwa Ultimate Kaos). == Safari ya kazi == Kazi ya muziki ya Priest ilianza kwa kuimba kwenye disko la kusini mwa London ya Saxon Studio International. Baada ya hapo, alitoa nyimbo kadhaa binafsi zilizojitegemea, ikiwemo wimbo wake wa kimapinduzi aliyomshirikisha mchanaji wa dancehall Papa Levi uitwao "Sensi". Albamu yake kubwa ya kwanza kabisa, ''Maxi'' (iliyopewa jina la ''Maxi Priest'' nchini Marekani na Canada), ilitolewa mnamo mwaka 1988. Albamu hii, pamoja na wimbo wake wa marudio wa Cat Stevens uitwao "[[Wild World]]" (aliorekodi kwa ushirikiano na wapigaji mahiri [[Sly and Robbie|Sly Dunbar na Robbie Shakespeare]]), zilimfanya kuwa mmoja wa waimbaji wa juu kabisa wa reggae nchini Uingereza. Wimbo wake wa ushirikiano na Roberta Flack, "[[Set the Night to Music]]", uliingia kwenye kumi bora ya Marekani mwaka 1991. Ushirikiano wake mwingine na [[Shaggy]] mnamo mwaka 1996 kwenye wimbo "[[That Girl (Maxi Priest song)|That Girl]]", ulikuwa hit kubwa pia nchini Marekani na ulikamata nafasi ya 20 kwenye chati ya Billboard. Katika kipindi cha pili cha maisha yake ya kimuziki, Priest alipendelea zaidi kufanya kazi na wasanii wengine, wakiwemo wale waliokubalika na wanaochipukia. Amefanya kazi na Sly and Robbie, Beres Hammond, Jazzie B, Apache Indian, na [[Shabba Ranks]] (kwenye wimbo "Housecall"). Mnamo mwaka 2008, vyombo vya habari viliripoti kuwa Priest angechukua nafasi ya Ali Campbell kama mwimbaji mkuu mpya wa kundi la UB40, baada ya kurekodi nao wimbo wa marudio wa Bob Marley "I Shot the Sheriff". Hata hivyo, msemaji wa kundi hilo alikuja kufafanua kuwa Maxi alikuwa tu akishirikiana nao kurekodi kazi maalum lakini asingekuwa mwimbaji mkuu wa kudumu. Albamu yake ya mwaka 2014, ''[[Easy to Love (Maxi Priest album)|Easy to Love]]'', iliingia kwenye chati ya ''Billboard Top Reggae Albums'' katika nafasi ya pili. Pia, albamu yake ya mwaka 2019, ''It All Comes Back to Love'', iliteuliwa kuwania [[Tuzo za Grammy]] kama Albamu Bora ya Reggae ([[Grammy Award for Best Reggae Album]]) mnamo mwaka 2021. == Michezo == Mbali na muziki, Priest aliwahi kuchezea klabu ya soka isiyo ya ligi kuu (non-League football) ya Southall F.C. mnamo Machi 2003. Klabu hiyo—ambayo mtoto wake Marvin alikuwa akiichezea—ilikuwa imekumbwa na mgogoro mkubwa wa majeruhi wa wachezaji, na hivyo Maxi alilazimika kuingia uwanjani kusaidia timu. == Diskografia == === Albamu za Studio === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:15em;"| Jina la Albamu ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:15em;"| Maelezo ya Albamu ! scope="col" colspan="3" | Nafasi za Chati ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:12em;"| Mauzo na Vyeti |- ! width="45"| <small>[[Billboard 200|US]]</small> ! width="45"| <small>[[Billboard charts|US Reggae]]</small> ! width="45"| <small>[[UK Albums Chart|UK]]</small> |- ! scope="row"| ''You're Safe'' | * Ilitolewa: 1985 * Lebo: 10 Records * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''Intentions'' | * Ilitolewa: 1986 * Lebo: 10 Records * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | — || — || 96 | |- ! scope="row"| ''Maxi'' | * Ilitolewa: 1988 * Lebo: 10 Records / [[Virgin Records|Virgin]] * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | 108 || — || 25 | |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Bonafide (Maxi Priest album)|Bonafide]]'' | * Ilitolewa: 1990 * Lebo: Charisma Records * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | 47 || — || 11 | * [[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]]: Gold * [[British Phonographic Industry|BPI]]: Gold |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Fe Real]]'' | * Ilitolewa: 1992 * Lebo: Charisma Records * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | 191 || — || 60 | |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Man with the Fun]]'' | * Ilitolewa: 1996 * Lebo: Virgin * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | 108 || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''CombiNation'' | * Ilitolewa: 1999 * Lebo: Virgin * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''2 Dynamic'' <small>(akiwa na [[Benie Man]])</small> | * Ilitolewa: 2000 * Lebo: Virgin * Mitindo: CD | — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''2004'' | * Ilitolewa: 2004 * Lebo: [[VP Records|VP]] * Mitindo: CD, LP | — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''Cloud 9'' | * Ilitolewa: 2007 * Lebo: VP * Mitindo: CD, LP | — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Easy to Love (Maxi Priest album)|Easy to Love]]'' | * Ilitolewa: 2014 * Lebo: VP * Mitindo: CD, LP | — || 2 || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''It All Comes Back to Love'' | * Ilitolewa: 2019 * Lebo: S-Curve Records * Mitindo: CD, LP, Digital | — || 2 || — | |- | colspan="6" style="text-align:center; font-size:9pt;"| Alama ya "—" inamaanisha kuwa albamu haikuingia kwenye chati. |} === Nyimbo zilizovuma (Singo) === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! rowspan="2"| Mwaka ! rowspan="2"| Jina la Wimbo ! colspan="3"| Nafasi ya Chati ! rowspan="2"| Albamu |- ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"| [[Billboard Hot 100|US]] ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"| [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|US R&B]] ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"| [[UK Singles Chart|UK]] |- | 1985 | style="text-align:left;"| "Should I (Put My Trust in You)" | ― || ― || 93 | ''You're Safe'' |- | 1986 | style="text-align:left;"| "Strollin' On" | ― || ― || 32 | ''Intentions'' |- | 1987 | style="text-align:left;"| "Some Guys Have All the Luck" | ― || ― || 12 | rowspan="3"| ''Maxi'' |- | rowspan="2"| 1988 | style="text-align:left;"| "Wild World" | 25 || ― || 5 |- | style="text-align:left;"| "Goodbye to Love Again" | ― || ― || 57 |- | rowspan="3"| 1990 | style="text-align:left;"| "Human Work of Art" | ― || ― || 71 | rowspan="4"| ''Bonafide'' |- | style="text-align:left;"| "Close to You" | 1 || 2 || 7 |- | style="text-align:left;"| "Just a Little Bit Longer" | 62 || 30 || 62 |- | rowspan="2"| 1991 | style="text-align:left;"| "Space in My Heart" | ― || 76 || ― |- | style="text-align:left;"| "Set the Night to Music" <small>(akiwa na Roberta Flack)</small> | 6 || 45 || 30 | ''Set the Night to Music'' |- | 1992 | style="text-align:left;"| "Groovin' in the Midnight" | 63 || 29 || 50 | ''Fe Real'' |- | 1993 | style="text-align:left;"| "Housecall" <small>(Remix; akiwa na Shabba Ranks)</small> | ― || ― || 8 | ''X-tra Naked'' (Albamu ya Shabba Ranks) |- | 1996 | style="text-align:left;"| "That Girl" <small>(amemshirikisha Shaggy)</small> | 20 || 34 || 15 | ''Man with the Fun'' |- | 1999 | style="text-align:left;"| "Mary's Got a Baby" <small>(amemshirikisha Beenie Man)</small> | ― || ― || 94 | ''CombiNation'' |- | colspan="6" align="center" style="font-size:85%;" | Alama ya "—" inamaanisha kuwa wimbo haukuingia chati au haukutolewa katika eneo hilo. |} == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.maxipriest.com Tovuti Rasmi ya Maxi Priest] * Wasifu wa Maxi Priest kwenye tovuti ya AllMusic {{BD|1961l}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Priest, Maxi}} [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Uingereza]] ldwq2gxei65q42dxr7kgoiyk3clcbbw 1550023 1550022 2026-05-24T20:47:40Z Said Mfaume 68307 /* Viungo vya Nje */ 1550023 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist 2 |jina = Maxi Priest |picha = MaxiPriestJan2011.jpg |maelezo = Priest mwaka 2011 |landscape = yes |background = solo_singer |jina la kuzaliwa = Max Alfred Elliott |jina lingine = |tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|1961|6|10|df=yes}} |mahali pa kuzaliwa = [[Lewisham]], London, England |tarehe ya kufa = |ala = Vocals |aina = [[Reggae]], [[Roots Reggae]], Dancehall, [[R&B]], [[Reggae fusion]], Soul, [[Lovers Rock]], Dub, Sound System |kazi yake = Singer, [[songwriter]] |miaka ya kazi = 1984–present |studio = Level Vibes, [[Charisma Records|Charisma]], [[Atlantic Records|Atlantic]], [[Virgin Records|Virgin]], [[VP Records|VP]] |ameshirikiana na = [[Saxon Studio International]], [[UB40]] |tovuti = {{URL|http://www.maxipriest.com}} }} '''Max Alfred Elliott''' (alizaliwa 10 Juni 1961), anayejulikana zaidi kwa jina lake la kisanii kama '''Maxi Priest''', ni mwimbaji wa reggae kutoka nchini [[Uingereza]] mwenye asili ya [[Jamaika]]. Anafahamika zaidi kwa kuimba muziki wa reggae uliochanganywa na vionjo vya R&B, mtindo unaojulikana kama [[reggae fusion]]. Alikuwa mmoja wa wasanii wa kwanza wa kimataifa kupata mafanikio makubwa kwenye mtindo huu, na anasalia kuwa mmoja wa wasanii waliofanya vizuri zaidi wa muda wote katika aina hiyo ya muziki. Yeye ni mmoja wa wasanii wawili tu wa reggae kutoka Uingereza (mwingine akiwa ni kundi la [[UB40]]) kushika Nafasi ya Kwanza (Number One) kwenye chati kubwa ya Marekani ya ''[[Billboard Hot 100]]'', mafanikio aliyoyapata kupitia wimbo wake maarufu wa "[[Close to You (Maxi Priest song)|Close to You]]" mnamo mwaka 1990. == Maisha ya awali == Maxi Priest alizaliwa Lewisham, London, akiwa mtoto wa pili kutoka mwisho katika familia ya watoto tisa. Wazazi wake walihamia Uingereza kutoka Jamaika ili kutafuta fursa nzuri zaidi za maisha. Alikua akisikiliza muziki wa injili, reggae, R&B, funk, na soul. Alijifunza kuimba kanisani akihimizwa na mama yake, ambaye alikuwa mhubiri wa dhehebu la Pentekoste. Akiwa kijana, Maxi alikuwa akibeba na kuyaunda masanduku ya spika kwa ajili ya mifumo ya sauti maarufu za Jah Shaka na Negus Negast. Alikuwa mmoja wa waasisi mashuhuri wa diskoteki la Saxon Studio International, na akiwa na Saxon ndipo Maxi alipoanaza kutumbuiza kwenye klabu za vijana za mitaani na sherehe za nyumbani. Muziki wake mara nyingi unachangiwa na vionjo vya R&B, ambavyo anavichanganya na reggae. Maxi alimpoteza binamu yake, Jacob Miller, kwenye ajali ya gari tarehe 23 Machi 1980. Miller alikuwa mwimbaji mkuu wa kundi maarufu la reggae la [[Inner Circle (band)|Inner Circle]]. Watoto wawili wa kiume wa Priest pia ni waimbaji: Marvin Priest na Ryan Elliott (ambaye alikuwa kwenye kundi la wavulana la miaka ya 1990 lililoitwa Ultimate Kaos). == Safari ya kazi == Kazi ya muziki ya Priest ilianza kwa kuimba kwenye disko la kusini mwa London ya Saxon Studio International. Baada ya hapo, alitoa nyimbo kadhaa binafsi zilizojitegemea, ikiwemo wimbo wake wa kimapinduzi aliyomshirikisha mchanaji wa dancehall Papa Levi uitwao "Sensi". Albamu yake kubwa ya kwanza kabisa, ''Maxi'' (iliyopewa jina la ''Maxi Priest'' nchini Marekani na Canada), ilitolewa mnamo mwaka 1988. Albamu hii, pamoja na wimbo wake wa marudio wa Cat Stevens uitwao "[[Wild World]]" (aliorekodi kwa ushirikiano na wapigaji mahiri [[Sly and Robbie|Sly Dunbar na Robbie Shakespeare]]), zilimfanya kuwa mmoja wa waimbaji wa juu kabisa wa reggae nchini Uingereza. Wimbo wake wa ushirikiano na Roberta Flack, "[[Set the Night to Music]]", uliingia kwenye kumi bora ya Marekani mwaka 1991. Ushirikiano wake mwingine na [[Shaggy]] mnamo mwaka 1996 kwenye wimbo "[[That Girl (Maxi Priest song)|That Girl]]", ulikuwa hit kubwa pia nchini Marekani na ulikamata nafasi ya 20 kwenye chati ya Billboard. Katika kipindi cha pili cha maisha yake ya kimuziki, Priest alipendelea zaidi kufanya kazi na wasanii wengine, wakiwemo wale waliokubalika na wanaochipukia. Amefanya kazi na Sly and Robbie, Beres Hammond, Jazzie B, Apache Indian, na [[Shabba Ranks]] (kwenye wimbo "Housecall"). Mnamo mwaka 2008, vyombo vya habari viliripoti kuwa Priest angechukua nafasi ya Ali Campbell kama mwimbaji mkuu mpya wa kundi la UB40, baada ya kurekodi nao wimbo wa marudio wa Bob Marley "I Shot the Sheriff". Hata hivyo, msemaji wa kundi hilo alikuja kufafanua kuwa Maxi alikuwa tu akishirikiana nao kurekodi kazi maalum lakini asingekuwa mwimbaji mkuu wa kudumu. Albamu yake ya mwaka 2014, ''[[Easy to Love (Maxi Priest album)|Easy to Love]]'', iliingia kwenye chati ya ''Billboard Top Reggae Albums'' katika nafasi ya pili. Pia, albamu yake ya mwaka 2019, ''It All Comes Back to Love'', iliteuliwa kuwania [[Tuzo za Grammy]] kama Albamu Bora ya Reggae ([[Grammy Award for Best Reggae Album]]) mnamo mwaka 2021. == Michezo == Mbali na muziki, Priest aliwahi kuchezea klabu ya soka isiyo ya ligi kuu (non-League football) ya Southall F.C. mnamo Machi 2003. Klabu hiyo—ambayo mtoto wake Marvin alikuwa akiichezea—ilikuwa imekumbwa na mgogoro mkubwa wa majeruhi wa wachezaji, na hivyo Maxi alilazimika kuingia uwanjani kusaidia timu. == Diskografia == === Albamu za Studio === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:15em;"| Jina la Albamu ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:15em;"| Maelezo ya Albamu ! scope="col" colspan="3" | Nafasi za Chati ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:12em;"| Mauzo na Vyeti |- ! width="45"| <small>[[Billboard 200|US]]</small> ! width="45"| <small>[[Billboard charts|US Reggae]]</small> ! width="45"| <small>[[UK Albums Chart|UK]]</small> |- ! scope="row"| ''You're Safe'' | * Ilitolewa: 1985 * Lebo: 10 Records * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''Intentions'' | * Ilitolewa: 1986 * Lebo: 10 Records * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | — || — || 96 | |- ! scope="row"| ''Maxi'' | * Ilitolewa: 1988 * Lebo: 10 Records / [[Virgin Records|Virgin]] * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | 108 || — || 25 | |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Bonafide (Maxi Priest album)|Bonafide]]'' | * Ilitolewa: 1990 * Lebo: Charisma Records * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | 47 || — || 11 | * [[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]]: Gold * [[British Phonographic Industry|BPI]]: Gold |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Fe Real]]'' | * Ilitolewa: 1992 * Lebo: Charisma Records * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | 191 || — || 60 | |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Man with the Fun]]'' | * Ilitolewa: 1996 * Lebo: Virgin * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | 108 || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''CombiNation'' | * Ilitolewa: 1999 * Lebo: Virgin * Mitindo: CD, LP, Cassette | — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''2 Dynamic'' <small>(akiwa na [[Benie Man]])</small> | * Ilitolewa: 2000 * Lebo: Virgin * Mitindo: CD | — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''2004'' | * Ilitolewa: 2004 * Lebo: [[VP Records|VP]] * Mitindo: CD, LP | — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''Cloud 9'' | * Ilitolewa: 2007 * Lebo: VP * Mitindo: CD, LP | — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Easy to Love (Maxi Priest album)|Easy to Love]]'' | * Ilitolewa: 2014 * Lebo: VP * Mitindo: CD, LP | — || 2 || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''It All Comes Back to Love'' | * Ilitolewa: 2019 * Lebo: S-Curve Records * Mitindo: CD, LP, Digital | — || 2 || — | |- | colspan="6" style="text-align:center; font-size:9pt;"| Alama ya "—" inamaanisha kuwa albamu haikuingia kwenye chati. |} === Nyimbo zilizovuma (Singo) === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! rowspan="2"| Mwaka ! rowspan="2"| Jina la Wimbo ! colspan="3"| Nafasi ya Chati ! rowspan="2"| Albamu |- ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"| [[Billboard Hot 100|US]] ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"| [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|US R&B]] ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"| [[UK Singles Chart|UK]] |- | 1985 | style="text-align:left;"| "Should I (Put My Trust in You)" | ― || ― || 93 | ''You're Safe'' |- | 1986 | style="text-align:left;"| "Strollin' On" | ― || ― || 32 | ''Intentions'' |- | 1987 | style="text-align:left;"| "Some Guys Have All the Luck" | ― || ― || 12 | rowspan="3"| ''Maxi'' |- | rowspan="2"| 1988 | style="text-align:left;"| "Wild World" | 25 || ― || 5 |- | style="text-align:left;"| "Goodbye to Love Again" | ― || ― || 57 |- | rowspan="3"| 1990 | style="text-align:left;"| "Human Work of Art" | ― || ― || 71 | rowspan="4"| ''Bonafide'' |- | style="text-align:left;"| "Close to You" | 1 || 2 || 7 |- | style="text-align:left;"| "Just a Little Bit Longer" | 62 || 30 || 62 |- | rowspan="2"| 1991 | style="text-align:left;"| "Space in My Heart" | ― || 76 || ― |- | style="text-align:left;"| "Set the Night to Music" <small>(akiwa na Roberta Flack)</small> | 6 || 45 || 30 | ''Set the Night to Music'' |- | 1992 | style="text-align:left;"| "Groovin' in the Midnight" | 63 || 29 || 50 | ''Fe Real'' |- | 1993 | style="text-align:left;"| "Housecall" <small>(Remix; akiwa na Shabba Ranks)</small> | ― || ― || 8 | ''X-tra Naked'' (Albamu ya Shabba Ranks) |- | 1996 | style="text-align:left;"| "That Girl" <small>(amemshirikisha Shaggy)</small> | 20 || 34 || 15 | ''Man with the Fun'' |- | 1999 | style="text-align:left;"| "Mary's Got a Baby" <small>(amemshirikisha Beenie Man)</small> | ― || ― || 94 | ''CombiNation'' |- | colspan="6" align="center" style="font-size:85%;" | Alama ya "—" inamaanisha kuwa wimbo haukuingia chati au haukutolewa katika eneo hilo. |} == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.maxipriest.com Tovuti Rasmi ya Maxi Priest] * Wasifu wa Maxi Priest kwenye tovuti ya AllMusic {{BD|1961}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Priest, Maxi}} [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Uingereza]] lxwf7zg9naosvkfkgy2lmvb1ju8lftg Ralph Bakshi 0 238505 1550032 2026-05-24T21:09:00Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ralph Bakshi''' (alizaliwa [[Oktoba 29]], [[1938]]) ni [[uhaishaji|mhuishaji]] na mtengenezaji wa filamu nchini [[Marekani]], anayejulikana kwa filamu zake za fantasia zilizochorwa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mufson |first=Beckett |date=2017-03-20 |title=8-Minute Video Boils Down the Essence of Animation Legend Ralph Bakshi |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/ralph-bakshi-8-minute-video-animation-legend/ |access-date=2024-09-03 |website=Vice |language=en-US}...' 1550032 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ralph Bakshi''' (alizaliwa [[Oktoba 29]], [[1938]]) ni [[uhaishaji|mhuishaji]] na mtengenezaji wa filamu nchini [[Marekani]], anayejulikana kwa filamu zake za fantasia zilizochorwa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mufson |first=Beckett |date=2017-03-20 |title=8-Minute Video Boils Down the Essence of Animation Legend Ralph Bakshi |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/ralph-bakshi-8-minute-video-animation-legend/ |access-date=2024-09-03 |website=Vice |language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1938]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] l42l2u2u39sx51kbgu1ogivdl3pta2c 1550066 1550032 2026-05-25T01:08:31Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1550066 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ralph Bakshi''' (alizaliwa [[Oktoba 29]], [[1938]]) ni [[uhaishaji|mhuishaji]] na mtengenezaji wa filamu nchini [[Marekani]], anayejulikana kwa filamu zake za fantasia zilizochorwa.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Mufson |first=Beckett |date=2017-03-20 |title=8-Minute Video Boils Down the Essence of Animation Legend Ralph Bakshi |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/ralph-bakshi-8-minute-video-animation-legend/ |access-date=2024-09-03 |website=Vice |language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1938]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 3j1vy5mhirf2svaoy0u3j87w7wf5ig8 Cyrus Leroy Baldridge 0 238506 1550034 2026-05-24T21:12:42Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Cyrus Leroy Baldridge''' ([[Mei 27]], [[1889]] – [[Juni 6]], [[1977]]) alikuwa [[msanii]], [[mchoraji]] picha, [[mwandishi]], na mtalii wa [[Marekani]]. Alizaliwa Alton, [[New York]].Alisafiri kwa upana huko [[Asia]], hasa [[Japani]] na [[Uchina]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://openlibrary.org/authors/OL2329756A/Cyrus_Leroy_Baldridge|title=Cyrus Leroy Baldridge|last=OpenLibrary.org|publisher=}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} Jamii:Was...' 1550034 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cyrus Leroy Baldridge''' ([[Mei 27]], [[1889]] – [[Juni 6]], [[1977]]) alikuwa [[msanii]], [[mchoraji]] picha, [[mwandishi]], na mtalii wa [[Marekani]]. Alizaliwa Alton, [[New York]].Alisafiri kwa upana huko [[Asia]], hasa [[Japani]] na [[Uchina]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://openlibrary.org/authors/OL2329756A/Cyrus_Leroy_Baldridge|title=Cyrus Leroy Baldridge|last=OpenLibrary.org|publisher=}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1889]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1977]] pfnpdc39q4zd2nad6jrbm1nbc79cf23 Louis W. Ballard 0 238507 1550039 2026-05-24T21:27:02Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Louis W. Ballard''' ([[Julai 8]], [[1931]] – [[Februari 9]], [[2007]]) alikuwa [[mtunzi]], mwalimu, [[mwandishi]], [[msanii]], na [[mwandishi wa habari]] wa [[Marekani]] .<ref>Hirschfelder, Arlene B. and Molin, Paulette Fairbanks (2012). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=-Un1QWo2Nx8C&dq=Dawn+Avery+cello&pg=PA376 The Extraordinary Book of Native American Lists]'', p.376-7. Scarecrow Press. {{ISBN|9780810877092}}.</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{...' 1550039 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Louis W. Ballard''' ([[Julai 8]], [[1931]] – [[Februari 9]], [[2007]]) alikuwa [[mtunzi]], mwalimu, [[mwandishi]], [[msanii]], na [[mwandishi wa habari]] wa [[Marekani]] .<ref>Hirschfelder, Arlene B. and Molin, Paulette Fairbanks (2012). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=-Un1QWo2Nx8C&dq=Dawn+Avery+cello&pg=PA376 The Extraordinary Book of Native American Lists]'', p.376-7. Scarecrow Press. {{ISBN|9780810877092}}.</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1931]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2007]] hxzc99edi3bxfzus0dlzuha5ayx5216 Hugo Ballin 0 238508 1550041 2026-05-24T21:29:57Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Hugo Ballin''' ([[Machi 7]], [[1879]] – [[Novemba 27]], [[1956]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.burbankusa.com/citymanager/CouncilChamber.htm|title=Burbank, CA : Home|work=burbankusa.com|accessdate=3 May 2015}}</ref>) alikuwa [[msanii]], [[mchoraji]] wa picha za ukutani, [[mwandishi]], na mkurugenzi wa filamu wa [[Marekani]]. Alikuwa mwanachama wa National Institute of Arts and Letters na National Academy of Design.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive....' 1550041 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hugo Ballin''' ([[Machi 7]], [[1879]] – [[Novemba 27]], [[1956]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.burbankusa.com/citymanager/CouncilChamber.htm|title=Burbank, CA : Home|work=burbankusa.com|accessdate=3 May 2015}}</ref>) alikuwa [[msanii]], [[mchoraji]] wa picha za ukutani, [[mwandishi]], na mkurugenzi wa filamu wa [[Marekani]]. Alikuwa mwanachama wa National Institute of Arts and Letters na National Academy of Design.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/centuryofartslet00lewi|url-access=registration|title=A Century of Arts & Letters: The History of the National Institute of Arts & Letters and the American Academy of Arts & Letters as Told, Decade by Decade, by Eleven Members|first1=Louis|last1=Auchincloss|first2=John|last2=Updike|date=1 January 1998|publisher=Columbia University Press|isbn=9780231102483|via=Internet Archive}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1879]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1956]] 577bm2f37mnfldipkitfje51rnatqyq Ole Peter Hansen Balling 0 238509 1550043 2026-05-24T21:34:58Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ole Peter Hansen Balling''' ([[Aprili 13]], [[1823]] – [[Mei 1]], [[1906]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] wa [[Unowe]]. Alihusishwa zaidi na picha zake za watu , kadhaa zikiwa zimeonyeshwa katika National Portrait Gallery huko [[Washington, D.C.]] Marekani .Alihamia Marekani mwaka 1856 na akajulikana kwa picha zake za kihistoria za [[Vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe vya Marekani]]. Picha yake ya [[Abraham Lincoln]] iko katika White House.<ref>{{cite web|url=https:...' 1550043 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ole Peter Hansen Balling''' ([[Aprili 13]], [[1823]] – [[Mei 1]], [[1906]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] wa [[Unowe]]. Alihusishwa zaidi na picha zake za watu , kadhaa zikiwa zimeonyeshwa katika National Portrait Gallery huko [[Washington, D.C.]] Marekani .Alihamia Marekani mwaka 1856 na akajulikana kwa picha zake za kihistoria za [[Vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe vya Marekani]]. Picha yake ya [[Abraham Lincoln]] iko katika White House.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kulturarv.dk/kid/VisWeilbach.do?kunstnerId=7037&wsektion=alle |title=Ole Peter Hansen Balling|website= Kunstindeks Danmark & Weilbachs Kunstnerleksikon|access-date=1 January 2021}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1823]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1906]] rc9vmseue4gb1ils3b4ku8687yd0kj5 Aleksander Balos 0 238510 1550044 2026-05-24T21:39:08Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Aleksander Balos''' (alizaliwa [[1970]]) ni [[msanii]] wa [[Romania]], [[Polandi]], na [[Marekani]] na mchoraji , anayejulikana kwa uchoraji wake unaoonyesha mada za kisasa na masimulizi. Kwa sasa anaishi Marekani na ni raia wa Marekani kwa uraia.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sjhsalumniassn.org/|title=Classmate Profiles (1991)|website=Sjhsalumniassn.org|access-date=8 June 2022}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} Jamii:Wachoraji wa Mar...' 1550044 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aleksander Balos''' (alizaliwa [[1970]]) ni [[msanii]] wa [[Romania]], [[Polandi]], na [[Marekani]] na mchoraji , anayejulikana kwa uchoraji wake unaoonyesha mada za kisasa na masimulizi. Kwa sasa anaishi Marekani na ni raia wa Marekani kwa uraia.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sjhsalumniassn.org/|title=Classmate Profiles (1991)|website=Sjhsalumniassn.org|access-date=8 June 2022}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1970]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] eaql4sz1vdc17uv2clm3ik3zb8wfuv6 John Balossi 0 238511 1550045 2026-05-24T21:40:36Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''John Balossi''' ([[Mei 28]], [[1931]] – [[Aprili 8]], [[2007]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] na [[mchongaji]] nchini [[Marekani]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachongaji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1931]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2007]]' 1550045 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Balossi''' ([[Mei 28]], [[1931]] – [[Aprili 8]], [[2007]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] na [[mchongaji]] nchini [[Marekani]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachongaji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1931]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2007]] dgvz2h35a6byjpj6f6r5hv58e7345q1 Alexei Bolshakov (mwanasiaa) 0 238512 1550061 2026-05-25T00:52:40Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Alexei Alexeyevich Bolshakov''' (17 Desemba 1939 — 21 Aprili 2017) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]] alihudumu kama Naibu Waziri Mkuu wa Kwanza wa Urusi na Naibu Mwenyekiti wa Kwanza wa Serikali ya Shirikisho la Urusi kuanzia mwaka 1994 hadi 1997, wakati wa [[Urais wa Boris Yeltsin]]. Jukumu lake kuu kama naibu waziri mkuu lilikuwa kuimarisha ushirikiano na nchi nyingine wanachama wa [[Jumuia ya Nchi Huru]] na baadaye kusimamia sekta ya viwanda. == Wa...' 1550061 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alexei Alexeyevich Bolshakov''' (17 Desemba 1939 — 21 Aprili 2017) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]] alihudumu kama Naibu Waziri Mkuu wa Kwanza wa Urusi na Naibu Mwenyekiti wa Kwanza wa Serikali ya Shirikisho la Urusi kuanzia mwaka 1994 hadi 1997, wakati wa [[Urais wa Boris Yeltsin]]. Jukumu lake kuu kama naibu waziri mkuu lilikuwa kuimarisha ushirikiano na nchi nyingine wanachama wa [[Jumuia ya Nchi Huru]] na baadaye kusimamia sekta ya viwanda. == Wasifu == Alizaliwa mnamo tarehe 17 Desemba 1939 katika [[Mkoa wa Pskov]], na alihitimu kutoka Taasisi ya Elektroteknolojia ya Leningrad ya [[Mikhail Aleksandrovich Bonch-Bruevich|M. A. Bonch-Bruevich]] katika fani ya uhandisi wa umeme na redio. Baadaye, Bolshakov alijiunga na Taasisi ya Usimamizi wa Uchumi wa Kitaifa. Katika kipindi chote cha miaka ya 1970 na 1980, alishika nyadhifa kadhaa za juu katika makampuni mbalimbali mkoani [[Saint Petersburg|Leningrad]]. Mnamo mwaka 1991, kipindi ambacho [[Umoja wa Kisovieti]] ulikuwa ukisambaratika, akawa mkuu wa kamati ya maendeleo ya kiuchumi ya jiji la Saint Petersburg. Kuanzia mwaka 1991 hadi 1994, Bolshakov aliongoza mradi wa ujenzi wa reli ya mwendo kasi.<ref name="rus">[https://rusreality.com/2017/04/23/in-st-petersburg-died-former-deputy-prime-minister-alexei-bolshakov/ In St. Petersburg died former Deputy Prime Minister Alexei Bolshakov] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190308080955/https://rusreality.com/2017/04/23/in-st-petersburg-died-former-deputy-prime-minister-alexei-bolshakov/ |date=2019-03-08 }}. Rusreality.com. Published 23 April 2017. Retrieved 15 December 2017.</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1939|2017}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] qcnx3krv7hsokdedn4x0isgtd38k462 Valery Borshchyov 0 238513 1550062 2026-05-25T00:59:25Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Valery Vasilyevich Borshchyov''' (pia huandikwa kama '''Valery Borshchev''';<ref name=perm36/><ref name=magnitsky/> 1 Desemba 1943 – 3 Novemba 2025) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa Urusi, mwanaharakati wa haki za binadamu, na mwandishi wa habari. Alianza harakati zake za kupinga sera za Umoja wa Kisovieti na kujisajili kikamilifu katika utetezi wa haki za binadamu mnamo miaka ya 1970. Alihudumu kama mjumbe wa [[Baraza la Jiji la Moscow]] (Mossoviet) kuanzia mwa...' 1550062 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Valery Vasilyevich Borshchyov''' (pia huandikwa kama '''Valery Borshchev''';<ref name=perm36/><ref name=magnitsky/> 1 Desemba 1943 – 3 Novemba 2025) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa Urusi, mwanaharakati wa haki za binadamu, na mwandishi wa habari. Alianza harakati zake za kupinga sera za Umoja wa Kisovieti na kujisajili kikamilifu katika utetezi wa haki za binadamu mnamo miaka ya 1970. Alihudumu kama mjumbe wa [[Baraza la Jiji la Moscow]] (Mossoviet) kuanzia mwaka 1990 hadi 1993 na katika bunge la [[Duma ya Serikali]] kuanzia mwaka 1993 hadi 1999. == Maisha na kazi == Borshchyov alizaliwa katika kijiji cha {{ill|Chernyanoye|ru|Черняное}}, {{ill|Wilaya ya Lysogorsky, Mkoa wa Tambov|ru|Лысогорский район (Тамбовская область)|lt=Wilaya ya Lysogorsky}}, [[Mkoa wa Tambov]] mnamo tarehe 1 Desemba 1943.<ref name=perm36/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Сведения о проводящихся выборах и референдумах |url=http://www.vybory.izbirkom.ru/region/region/izbirkom?action=show&root=1&tvd=100100067795849&vrn=100100067795849&region=0&global=1&sub_region=0&prver=0&pronetvd=null&type=341&vibid=2062000284074 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160828131300/http://www.vybory.izbirkom.ru/region/region/izbirkom?action=show&root=1&tvd=100100067795849&vrn=100100067795849&region=0&global=1&sub_region=0&prver=0&pronetvd=null&type=341&vibid=2062000284074 |archive-date=28 August 2016 |access-date=3 November 2025 |website=www.vybory.izbirkom.ru}}</ref> Alihitimu kutoka Kitivo cha Uandishi wa Habari katika Chuo Kikuu cha Serikali cha Moscow.<ref name=perm36>{{cite web |url=https://www.gulag-perm36.org/en/russian-human-rights-defender-and-dissident-valery-borshchev-dies-in-moscow/ |title=Russian Human Rights Defender And Dissident Valery Borshchev Dies In Moscow |publisher=Perm 36}}</ref> Alianza kupinga kikamilifu sera za Kisovieti mnamo mwaka 1973, akisukumwa na hatua ya kufunguliwa mashtaka kwa [[Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn]]. Alijitosa kikamilifu katika harakati za haki za binadamu baada ya kukutana na [[Andrei Sakharov]] mnamo mwaka 1975; kazi hiyo ya Borshchyov ilisababisha yeye kupigwa marufuku kufanya kazi ya uandishi wa habari. Katika miaka ya 1980, harakati zake kama wapingaji wa serikali na mpinzani wa serikali (dissident) zilikuwa kubwa zaidi, alinyanyaswa na kupigwa na mamlaka za serikali, na kazi yake ilipachikwa jina la "propaganda dhidi ya Umoja wa Kisovieti" na idara ya usalama ya KGB.<ref name=perm36/><ref name=magnitsky/> Alihudumu kama mjumbe wa Baraza la Jiji la Moscow kuanzia mwaka 1990 hadi 1993. Pia alikuwa mwanachama wa [[Kikundi cha Moscow Helsinki]] na alihudumu kama mwenyekiti mwenza wa kikundi hicho tangu mwaka 2018.<ref name=magnitsky>{{cite web |author=|title= Valery Borshchev - Russian Human Rights activist and Co-chair of the Moscow Helsinki Group|work= The Magnitsky Human Rights Awards &#124; Recognising brave journalists, politicians and activists in the field of human rights and anticorruption.|date= 28 June 2020|url= https://www.magnitskyawards.com/bios/valery-borshchev/|publisher= Magnitsky Human Rights Award|access-date=4 November 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Состоялось Общее собрание членов МХГ |url=https://www.mhg.ru/news/sostoyalos-obshchee-sobranie-chlenov-mhg |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250719203113/https://www.mhg.ru/news/sostoyalos-obshchee-sobranie-chlenov-mhg |archive-date=19 July 2025 |access-date=3 November 2025 |website=МХГ |language=ru}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1943|2025}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] kucmfxns0t018j5e08q1klkntwogo8a 1550063 1550062 2026-05-25T01:01:40Z Egipa 87700 1550063 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Valery Vasilyevich Borshchyov''' (pia huandikwa kama '''Valery Borshchev''';<ref name=perm36/><ref name=magnitsky/> 1 Desemba 1943 – 3 Novemba 2025) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa Urusi, mwanaharakati wa haki za binadamu, na mwandishi wa habari. Alianza harakati zake za kupinga sera za Umoja wa Kisovieti na kujisajili kikamilifu katika utetezi wa haki za binadamu mnamo miaka ya 1970. Alihudumu kama mjumbe wa [[Baraza la Jiji la Moscow]] (Mossoviet) kuanzia mwaka 1990 hadi 1993 na katika bunge la [[Duma ya Serikali]] kuanzia mwaka 1993 hadi 1999. == Maisha na kazi == Borshchyov alizaliwa katika kijiji cha Chernyanoye, Wilaya ya Lysogorsky, Mkoa wa Tambov, Wilaya ya Lysogorsky}}, [[Mkoa wa Tambov]] mnamo tarehe 1 Desemba 1943.<ref name=perm36/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Сведения о проводящихся выборах и референдумах |url=http://www.vybory.izbirkom.ru/region/region/izbirkom?action=show&root=1&tvd=100100067795849&vrn=100100067795849&region=0&global=1&sub_region=0&prver=0&pronetvd=null&type=341&vibid=2062000284074 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160828131300/http://www.vybory.izbirkom.ru/region/region/izbirkom?action=show&root=1&tvd=100100067795849&vrn=100100067795849&region=0&global=1&sub_region=0&prver=0&pronetvd=null&type=341&vibid=2062000284074 |archive-date=28 August 2016 |access-date=3 November 2025 |website=www.vybory.izbirkom.ru}}</ref> Alihitimu kutoka Kitivo cha Uandishi wa Habari katika Chuo Kikuu cha Serikali cha Moscow.<ref name=perm36>{{cite web |url=https://www.gulag-perm36.org/en/russian-human-rights-defender-and-dissident-valery-borshchev-dies-in-moscow/ |title=Russian Human Rights Defender And Dissident Valery Borshchev Dies In Moscow |publisher=Perm 36}}</ref> Alianza kupinga kikamilifu sera za Kisovieti mnamo mwaka 1973, akisukumwa na hatua ya kufunguliwa mashtaka kwa [[Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn]]. Alijitosa kikamilifu katika harakati za haki za binadamu baada ya kukutana na [[Andrei Sakharov]] mnamo mwaka 1975; kazi hiyo ya Borshchyov ilisababisha yeye kupigwa marufuku kufanya kazi ya uandishi wa habari. Katika miaka ya 1980, harakati zake kama wapingaji wa serikali na mpinzani wa serikali (dissident) zilikuwa kubwa zaidi, alinyanyaswa na kupigwa na mamlaka za serikali, na kazi yake ilipachikwa jina la "propaganda dhidi ya Umoja wa Kisovieti" na idara ya usalama ya KGB.<ref name=perm36/><ref name=magnitsky/> Alihudumu kama mjumbe wa Baraza la Jiji la Moscow kuanzia mwaka 1990 hadi 1993. Pia alikuwa mwanachama wa [[Kikundi cha Moscow Helsinki]] na alihudumu kama mwenyekiti mwenza wa kikundi hicho tangu mwaka 2018.<ref name=magnitsky>{{cite web |author=|title= Valery Borshchev - Russian Human Rights activist and Co-chair of the Moscow Helsinki Group|work= The Magnitsky Human Rights Awards &#124; Recognising brave journalists, politicians and activists in the field of human rights and anticorruption.|date= 28 June 2020|url= https://www.magnitskyawards.com/bios/valery-borshchev/|publisher= Magnitsky Human Rights Award|access-date=4 November 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Состоялось Общее собрание членов МХГ |url=https://www.mhg.ru/news/sostoyalos-obshchee-sobranie-chlenov-mhg |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250719203113/https://www.mhg.ru/news/sostoyalos-obshchee-sobranie-chlenov-mhg |archive-date=19 July 2025 |access-date=3 November 2025 |website=МХГ |language=ru}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1943|2025}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] 5rif4wukg7boqysvyr6iixmcqsue6u9 1550081 1550063 2026-05-25T02:03:50Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1550081 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Valery Vasilyevich Borshchyov''' (pia huandikwa kama '''Valery Borshchev''';<ref name=perm36/><ref name=magnitsky/> 1 Desemba 1943 – 3 Novemba 2025) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa Urusi, mwanaharakati wa haki za binadamu, na mwandishi wa habari. Alianza harakati zake za kupinga sera za Umoja wa Kisovieti na kujisajili kikamilifu katika utetezi wa haki za binadamu mnamo miaka ya 1970. Alihudumu kama mjumbe wa [[Baraza la Jiji la Moscow]] (Mossoviet) kuanzia mwaka 1990 hadi 1993 na katika bunge la [[Duma ya Serikali]] kuanzia mwaka 1993 hadi 1999. == Maisha na kazi == Borshchyov alizaliwa katika kijiji cha Chernyanoye, Wilaya ya Lysogorsky, Mkoa wa Tambov, Wilaya ya Lysogorsky}}, [[Mkoa wa Tambov]] mnamo tarehe 1 Desemba 1943.<ref name=perm36/><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Сведения о проводящихся выборах и референдумах |url=http://www.vybory.izbirkom.ru/region/region/izbirkom?action=show&root=1&tvd=100100067795849&vrn=100100067795849&region=0&global=1&sub_region=0&prver=0&pronetvd=null&type=341&vibid=2062000284074 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160828131300/http://www.vybory.izbirkom.ru/region/region/izbirkom?action=show&root=1&tvd=100100067795849&vrn=100100067795849&region=0&global=1&sub_region=0&prver=0&pronetvd=null&type=341&vibid=2062000284074 |archive-date=28 August 2016 |access-date=3 November 2025 |website=www.vybory.izbirkom.ru}}</ref> Alihitimu kutoka Kitivo cha Uandishi wa Habari katika Chuo Kikuu cha Serikali cha Moscow.<ref name=perm36>{{cite web |url=https://www.gulag-perm36.org/en/russian-human-rights-defender-and-dissident-valery-borshchev-dies-in-moscow/ |title=Russian Human Rights Defender And Dissident Valery Borshchev Dies In Moscow |publisher=Perm 36}}</ref> Alianza kupinga kikamilifu sera za Kisovieti mnamo mwaka 1973, akisukumwa na hatua ya kufunguliwa mashtaka kwa [[Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn]]. Alijitosa kikamilifu katika harakati za haki za binadamu baada ya kukutana na [[Andrei Sakharov]] mnamo mwaka 1975; kazi hiyo ya Borshchyov ilisababisha yeye kupigwa marufuku kufanya kazi ya uandishi wa habari. Katika miaka ya 1980, harakati zake kama wapingaji wa serikali na mpinzani wa serikali (dissident) zilikuwa kubwa zaidi, alinyanyaswa na kupigwa na mamlaka za serikali, na kazi yake ilipachikwa jina la "propaganda dhidi ya Umoja wa Kisovieti" na idara ya usalama ya KGB.<ref name=perm36/><ref name=magnitsky/> Alihudumu kama mjumbe wa Baraza la Jiji la Moscow kuanzia mwaka 1990 hadi 1993. Pia alikuwa mwanachama wa [[Kikundi cha Moscow Helsinki]] na alihudumu kama mwenyekiti mwenza wa kikundi hicho tangu mwaka 2018.<ref name=magnitsky>{{cite web |author=|title= Valery Borshchev - Russian Human Rights activist and Co-chair of the Moscow Helsinki Group|work= The Magnitsky Human Rights Awards &#124; Recognising brave journalists, politicians and activists in the field of human rights and anticorruption.|date= 28 June 2020|url= https://www.magnitskyawards.com/bios/valery-borshchev/|publisher= Magnitsky Human Rights Award|access-date=4 November 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Состоялось Общее собрание членов МХГ |url=https://www.mhg.ru/news/sostoyalos-obshchee-sobranie-chlenov-mhg |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250719203113/https://www.mhg.ru/news/sostoyalos-obshchee-sobranie-chlenov-mhg |archive-date=19 July 2025 |access-date=3 November 2025 |website=МХГ |language=ru}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1943|2025}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] 2mckc6yho3dliqmucnyyxhrb3u2d5m8 Vitaly Bubenin 0 238514 1550064 2026-05-25T01:04:40Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Vitaly Dmitrievich Bubenin''' (alizaliwa 11 Julai 1939) alikuwa [[Meja Jenerali]] wa Vikosi vya Ulinzi wa Mpaka wa Kisovieti na mshindi wa nishani ya juu ya Shujaa wa Umoja wa Kisovieti.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|title=Виталий Дмитриевич Бубенин|url=https://warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?Hero_id=1042|access-date=2022-01-15|website=warheroes.ru|language=ru}}</ref> == Maisha ya mapema == Bubenin alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1939 mjini Ni...' 1550064 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vitaly Dmitrievich Bubenin''' (alizaliwa 11 Julai 1939) alikuwa [[Meja Jenerali]] wa Vikosi vya Ulinzi wa Mpaka wa Kisovieti na mshindi wa nishani ya juu ya Shujaa wa Umoja wa Kisovieti.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|title=Виталий Дмитриевич Бубенин|url=https://warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?Hero_id=1042|access-date=2022-01-15|website=warheroes.ru|language=ru}}</ref> == Maisha ya mapema == Bubenin alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1939 mjini [[Nikolayevsk-on-Amur]]. Alihitimu madarasa 10 mnamo mwaka 1957 na kusoma katika Shule ya Ufundi ya Khabarovsk Na. 2. Baadaye alifanya kazi kama fundi wa matengenezo ya vifaa vya viwandani katika kiwanda cha JSC "Dalenergomash" mjini Khabarovsk.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.beresta.by/%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9-%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4-%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2-%D0%B8-%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%86-%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80/|first=|last=|date=2018-10-27|title=Славный род пограничников и отец — Герой Советского Союза. Берестовичанин Виталий Бубенин делится историей из семейного альбома|newspaper=beresta.by|access-date= January 15, 2022}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1939||}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] pi47jy8vhzvgp0zq8qfuin696sv4skh 1550082 1550064 2026-05-25T02:07:27Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1550082 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vitaly Dmitrievich Bubenin''' (alizaliwa 11 Julai 1939) alikuwa [[Meja Jenerali]] wa Vikosi vya Ulinzi wa Mpaka wa Kisovieti na mshindi wa nishani ya juu ya Shujaa wa Umoja wa Kisovieti.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=|first=|title=Виталий Дмитриевич Бубенин|url=https://warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?Hero_id=1042|access-date=2022-01-15|website=warheroes.ru|language=ru}}</ref> == Maisha ya mapema == Bubenin alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1939 mjini [[Nikolayevsk-on-Amur]]. Alihitimu madarasa 10 mnamo mwaka 1957 na kusoma katika Shule ya Ufundi ya Khabarovsk Na. 2. Baadaye alifanya kazi kama fundi wa matengenezo ya vifaa vya viwandani katika kiwanda cha JSC "Dalenergomash" mjini Khabarovsk.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.beresta.by/%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9-%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4-%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2-%D0%B8-%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%86-%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80/|first=|last=|date=2018-10-27|title=Славный род пограничников и отец — Герой Советского Союза. Берестовичанин Виталий Бубенин делится историей из семейного альбома|newspaper=beresta.by|access-date= January 15, 2022}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1939||}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] 722hqax6p3x5fd3xrpuvdoy9hfi9cmo Viktor Cherepkov 0 238515 1550065 2026-05-25T01:08:14Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Viktor Ivanovich Cherepkov''' (16 Aprili 1942 – 2 Septemba 2017) alikuwa afisa wa jeshi la majini la [[Urusi]] na mwanasiasa aliyekuwa Mbunge wa [[Duma ya Serikali]] katika bunge la tatu na la nne. Pia alikuwa meya wa jiji la [[Vladivostok]] (1993–1994; 1996–1998).<ref>[http://vlc.ru/city/citizens/ Почётные граждане] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130325191623/http://vlc.ru/city/citizens/ |date=25 March 2013 }} Offi...' 1550065 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Viktor Ivanovich Cherepkov''' (16 Aprili 1942 – 2 Septemba 2017) alikuwa afisa wa jeshi la majini la [[Urusi]] na mwanasiasa aliyekuwa Mbunge wa [[Duma ya Serikali]] katika bunge la tatu na la nne. Pia alikuwa meya wa jiji la [[Vladivostok]] (1993–1994; 1996–1998).<ref>[http://vlc.ru/city/citizens/ Почётные граждане] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130325191623/http://vlc.ru/city/citizens/ |date=25 March 2013 }} Official site of administration of Vladivostok</ref><ref>[https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/210498 Ельцин уволил Черепкова]</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1942|2017}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] ocon0f7pb724t7pvmkx07vth39lmfe7 Vladimir Chub 0 238516 1550067 2026-05-25T01:11:52Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Vladimir Fyodorovich Chub''' (alizaliwa 24 Julai 1948) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]] aliyekuwa [[Gavana wa Mkoa wa Rostov]] kuanzia mwaka 1991 hadi 2010. Aliteuliwa kuwa gavana mnamo Oktoba 1991 na baadaye mwaka huo alishinda uchaguzi wa nafasi hiyo kwa kura nyingi. Alichaguliwa tena mnamo mwaka 1996 na 2001. Aliteuliwa kujiunga na Baraza la Shirikisho (Federation Council) mnamo mwaka 1993.<ref name="russiaprofile">{{Cite web |url=http://russiaprofile.org/...' 1550067 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vladimir Fyodorovich Chub''' (alizaliwa 24 Julai 1948) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]] aliyekuwa [[Gavana wa Mkoa wa Rostov]] kuanzia mwaka 1991 hadi 2010. Aliteuliwa kuwa gavana mnamo Oktoba 1991 na baadaye mwaka huo alishinda uchaguzi wa nafasi hiyo kwa kura nyingi. Alichaguliwa tena mnamo mwaka 1996 na 2001. Aliteuliwa kujiunga na Baraza la Shirikisho (Federation Council) mnamo mwaka 1993.<ref name="russiaprofile">{{Cite web |url=http://russiaprofile.org/resources/whoiswho/alphabet/c/chub.wbp |title=Russia Profile - Who's Who?|access-date=2006-02-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006154149/http://www.russiaprofile.org/resources/whoiswho/alphabet/c/chub.wbp |archive-date=2008-10-06 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kabla ya kuwa gavana, alikuwa Katibu wa Kwanza wa kamati ya chama cha [[CPSU]] katika wilaya ya Proletarian mjini [[Rostov, Mkoa wa Yaroslavl|Rostov]].<ref name="Russland">{{Cite web |url=http://www.nupi.no/cgi-win/Russland/personer.exe?715 |title=Persons - NUPI|access-date=2006-02-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060224004908/http://www.nupi.no/cgi-win/Russland/personer.exe?715 |archive-date=2006-02-24 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha [[Urusi ya Pamoja]] (United Russia), na zamani alikuwa mwanachama wa vyama vya [[Our Home Is Russia|NDR]], na [[Civic Conservative Party|OKS]].<ref name="Carnegie">{{Cite web |url=http://www.carnegie.ru/ru/pubs/media/67787.htm |title=Московский Центр Карнеги - Журнальный столик - Публикации сотрудников МЦК - United Russia: a Fast-build Party Structure for the Kremlin and the Governors|access-date=2006-02-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927173736/http://www.carnegie.ru/ru/pubs/media/67787.htm |archive-date=2007-09-27 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Serikali yake ilichukua msimamo mkali dhidi ya shughuli za kisiasa zilizo kinyume cha sheria. Chub ana asili ya [[Ukraine]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1948||}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] elfg89d1ow1fmkomcxhc7v1c63nkj7g 1550083 1550067 2026-05-25T02:08:01Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 3 template(s) replaced. 1550083 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vladimir Fyodorovich Chub''' (alizaliwa 24 Julai 1948) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]] aliyekuwa [[Gavana wa Mkoa wa Rostov]] kuanzia mwaka 1991 hadi 2010. Aliteuliwa kuwa gavana mnamo Oktoba 1991 na baadaye mwaka huo alishinda uchaguzi wa nafasi hiyo kwa kura nyingi. Alichaguliwa tena mnamo mwaka 1996 na 2001. Aliteuliwa kujiunga na Baraza la Shirikisho (Federation Council) mnamo mwaka 1993.<ref name="russiaprofile">{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://russiaprofile.org/resources/whoiswho/alphabet/c/chub.wbp |title=Russia Profile - Who's Who?|access-date=2006-02-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006154149/http://www.russiaprofile.org/resources/whoiswho/alphabet/c/chub.wbp |archive-date=2008-10-06 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kabla ya kuwa gavana, alikuwa Katibu wa Kwanza wa kamati ya chama cha [[CPSU]] katika wilaya ya Proletarian mjini [[Rostov, Mkoa wa Yaroslavl|Rostov]].<ref name="Russland">{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.nupi.no/cgi-win/Russland/personer.exe?715 |title=Persons - NUPI|access-date=2006-02-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060224004908/http://www.nupi.no/cgi-win/Russland/personer.exe?715 |archive-date=2006-02-24 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha [[Urusi ya Pamoja]] (United Russia), na zamani alikuwa mwanachama wa vyama vya [[Our Home Is Russia|NDR]], na [[Civic Conservative Party|OKS]].<ref name="Carnegie">{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.carnegie.ru/ru/pubs/media/67787.htm |title=Московский Центр Карнеги - Журнальный столик - Публикации сотрудников МЦК - United Russia: a Fast-build Party Structure for the Kremlin and the Governors|access-date=2006-02-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927173736/http://www.carnegie.ru/ru/pubs/media/67787.htm |archive-date=2007-09-27 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Serikali yake ilichukua msimamo mkali dhidi ya shughuli za kisiasa zilizo kinyume cha sheria. Chub ana asili ya [[Ukraine]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1948||}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] cu4nrvcwmte2b0im7uwcjjyjol2cuvl Victor Dandré 0 238517 1550068 2026-05-25T01:14:30Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Victor Emilyevich Dandré''' au '''D'André''' (1870 – 5 Februari 1944) alikuwa mwanafalsafa na afisa wa kifalme wa [[Urusi]] ambaye alikuwa mjumbe wa [[Duma ya Jiji la Saint Petersburg]]. Aliondoka Urusi na kuwa mume wa mnenguaji maarufu wa ballet, [[Anna Pavlova]], pamoja na kuwa msimamizi na mwandaaji wa maonyesho ya ballet (impresario).<ref>{{cite book |last1=Goucher |first1=Candice |title=Women Who Changed the World: Their Lives, Challenges, and...' 1550068 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Victor Emilyevich Dandré''' au '''D'André''' (1870 – 5 Februari 1944) alikuwa mwanafalsafa na afisa wa kifalme wa [[Urusi]] ambaye alikuwa mjumbe wa [[Duma ya Jiji la Saint Petersburg]]. Aliondoka Urusi na kuwa mume wa mnenguaji maarufu wa ballet, [[Anna Pavlova]], pamoja na kuwa msimamizi na mwandaaji wa maonyesho ya ballet (impresario).<ref>{{cite book |last1=Goucher |first1=Candice |title=Women Who Changed the World: Their Lives, Challenges, and Accomplishments through History [4 volumes] |date=24 January 2022 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing USA |isbn=978-1-4408-6825-2 |page=934 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VbvOEAAAQBAJ |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1870|1944}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] ab1h35segjqrkudtl7gb6i2rb1nvgj5 Anatoly Dolmatov 0 238518 1550070 2026-05-25T01:17:49Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Anatoly Petrovich Dolmatov''' (29 Januari 1951 – 7 Aprili 2026) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]]. Akiwa mwanachama wa [[Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Umoja wa Kisovieti]], alihudumu katika Baraza la Muungano (Soviet of the Union) kuanzia mwaka 1987 hadi 1989.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://cherraion.ru/events/detail.php?ID=211645|title=Черемховское районное муниципальное образование|work=Cheremkhovsky District|langua...' 1550070 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anatoly Petrovich Dolmatov''' (29 Januari 1951 – 7 Aprili 2026) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]]. Akiwa mwanachama wa [[Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Umoja wa Kisovieti]], alihudumu katika Baraza la Muungano (Soviet of the Union) kuanzia mwaka 1987 hadi 1989.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://cherraion.ru/events/detail.php?ID=211645|title=Черемховское районное муниципальное образование|work=Cheremkhovsky District|language=Russian}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1951|2026}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] ov7nljbm89qsmk22cmevtirxwh3pnp8 Pyotr Nikolayevich Durnovo 0 238519 1550071 2026-05-25T01:20:38Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Pyotr Nikolaevich Durnovo''' (1845 – {{OldStyleDate|24 Septemba|1915|11 Septemba}}) alikuwa mwanasheria, msimamizi, na mwanasiasa wa Urusi. Alikuwa mwanachama wa [[Ukoo wa Durnovo]] (House of Durnovo). Wakati wa [[Mapinduzi ya Urusi ya mwaka 1905]], alijulikana sana na wanamapinduzi kama "mchinjaji wa mapinduzi-pingamizi."<ref>{{cite book |last=Trotsky |first=Leon |date=1909 |title=1905 |url=https://www.abebooks.com/servlet/BookDetailsPL?bi=3092393533...' 1550071 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Pyotr Nikolaevich Durnovo''' (1845 – {{OldStyleDate|24 Septemba|1915|11 Septemba}}) alikuwa mwanasheria, msimamizi, na mwanasiasa wa Urusi. Alikuwa mwanachama wa [[Ukoo wa Durnovo]] (House of Durnovo). Wakati wa [[Mapinduzi ya Urusi ya mwaka 1905]], alijulikana sana na wanamapinduzi kama "mchinjaji wa mapinduzi-pingamizi."<ref>{{cite book |last=Trotsky |first=Leon |date=1909 |title=1905 |url=https://www.abebooks.com/servlet/BookDetailsPL?bi=30923935338&cm_sp=det-_-bsk-_-bdp |publisher=Vintage Books/Random House |page=122}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1845|1915}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] c04k8l55tzvhm99hn3h3yhi5istzloo Anatoly Frolov 0 238520 1550072 2026-05-25T01:22:28Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Anatoly Ivanovich Frolov''' (18 Oktoba 1930 – 6 Novemba 2025) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa Urusi. Akiwa mwanachama wa [[Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Umoja wa Kisovieti]], alihudumu katika [[Soviet Kuu ya Urusi|Soviet Kuu ya RSFSR]] kuanzia mwaka 1980 hadi 1985.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ivanovo1945.ru/ukazy/1981.pdf|title=Указ Президиума Верховного Совета СССР|work=ivanovo1945.ru|language=Russian|url-status=dead|archiveurl=http...' 1550072 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anatoly Ivanovich Frolov''' (18 Oktoba 1930 – 6 Novemba 2025) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa Urusi. Akiwa mwanachama wa [[Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Umoja wa Kisovieti]], alihudumu katika [[Soviet Kuu ya Urusi|Soviet Kuu ya RSFSR]] kuanzia mwaka 1980 hadi 1985.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ivanovo1945.ru/ukazy/1981.pdf|title=Указ Президиума Верховного Совета СССР|work=ivanovo1945.ru|language=Russian|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6HQtNG68a?url=http://ivanovo1945.ru/ukazy/1981.pdf|archivedate=17 June 2013}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1930|2025}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] 4j7154nxjfjnatl4breysm2rm84hl96 1550074 1550072 2026-05-25T01:27:34Z Egipa 87700 1550074 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anatoly Ivanovich Frolov''' (18 Oktoba 1930 – 6 Novemba 2025) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]]. Akiwa mwanachama wa [[Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Umoja wa Kisovieti]], alihudumu katika [[Soviet Kuu ya Urusi|Soviet Kuu ya RSFSR]] kuanzia mwaka 1980 hadi 1985.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ivanovo1945.ru/ukazy/1981.pdf|title=Указ Президиума Верховного Совета СССР|work=ivanovo1945.ru|language=Russian|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6HQtNG68a?url=http://ivanovo1945.ru/ukazy/1981.pdf|archivedate=17 June 2013}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1930|2025}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] r6i0j8p6ydqhbf093vj9waebm36ups3 Andrei Fursenko 0 238521 1550073 2026-05-25T01:26:34Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Andrei Aleksandrovich Fursenko''' (alizaliwa 17 Julai 1949) ni mwanasiasa, mwanasayansi, na mfanyabiashara wa [[Urusi|[[Urusi]]. Ana cheo cha juu cha utumishi wa umma cha Mshauri Mkuu wa Serikali wa Daraja la Kwanza wa Shirikisho la Urusi.<ref>{{cite act|type=Decree|index=1191|date=21 August 2012|legislature=[[President of Russia]]|title=О присвоении классного чина государственной гражданской служб...' 1550073 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Andrei Aleksandrovich Fursenko''' (alizaliwa 17 Julai 1949) ni mwanasiasa, mwanasayansi, na mfanyabiashara wa [[Urusi|[[Urusi]]. Ana cheo cha juu cha utumishi wa umma cha Mshauri Mkuu wa Serikali wa Daraja la Kwanza wa Shirikisho la Urusi.<ref>{{cite act|type=Decree|index=1191|date=21 August 2012|legislature=[[President of Russia]]|title=О присвоении классного чина государственной гражданской службы Российской Федерации Фурсенко А.А.|language=ru|url=http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?searchres=&bpas=cd00000&a3=102000503&a3type=1&a3value=&a6=102000070&a6type=1&a6value=&a15=&a15type=1&a15value=&a7type=1&a7from=&a7to=&a7date=21.08.2012&a8=1191&a8type=1&a1=&a0=&a16=&a16type=1&a16value=&a17=&a17type=1&a17value=&a4=&a4type=1&a4value=&a23=&a23type=1&a23value=&textpres=&sort=7&x=75&y=13}}</ref> Alihudumu kama Wizara ya Elimu na Sayansi (Urusi)|Waziri wa Elimu na Sayansi]] wa Shirikisho la Urusi kuanzia mwaka 2004 hadi 2012.<ref>{{cite web|title=Andrei Fursenko|url=http://russkiymir.ru/en/fund/board-of-trustees/Fursenko-Andrej-Aleksandrovich.php|website=Russkiy Mir}}</ref> Anachukuliwa kuwa mwanachama wa makundi ya kisiasa ya Saint Petersburg chini ya utawala wa rais Vladimir Putin.{{citation needed|date=June 2022}} == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1949||}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Wanasayansi wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] sagaqv0ysluvefdlo0d04of1fl9m5fz Viktor Gnezdilov 0 238522 1550075 2026-05-25T01:31:41Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Viktor Semyonovich Gnezdilov''' (17 Januari 1943 – 13 Desemba 2021) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa Urusi.<ref>{{cite news |last= |first= |date=13 December 2021|title=Умер бывший мэр Находки Виктор Гнездилов|trans-title= |url=https://nakhodka.media/news/1208537/|language=Russian|work=[[Nakhodka|City of Nakhodka]]|location= |access-date=13 December 2021}}</ref> Akiwa mwanachama wa chama cha [[Urusi ya Pamoja]] (United Russia),...' 1550075 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Viktor Semyonovich Gnezdilov''' (17 Januari 1943 – 13 Desemba 2021) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa Urusi.<ref>{{cite news |last= |first= |date=13 December 2021|title=Умер бывший мэр Находки Виктор Гнездилов|trans-title= |url=https://nakhodka.media/news/1208537/|language=Russian|work=[[Nakhodka|City of Nakhodka]]|location= |access-date=13 December 2021}}</ref> Akiwa mwanachama wa chama cha [[Urusi ya Pamoja]] (United Russia), alihudumu kama meya wa [[Nakhodka]] kuanzia mwaka 1987 hadi 2004.<ref>{{cite news|last=|first=|date=19 October 1999|title=В Находке реанимируют МЖК|trans-title=|url=http://old.zrpress.ru/1999/081/b010.htm|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130504142211/http://old.zrpress.ru/1999/081/b010.htm|archivedate=4 May 2013|language=Russian|work=zrpress.ru|location=|access-date=13 December 2021}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1943|2021}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] 950lzqeravr9w8h5wl0qse2ss5m7aor 1550076 1550075 2026-05-25T01:33:00Z Egipa 87700 1550076 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Viktor Semyonovich Gnezdilov''' (17 Januari 1943 – 13 Desemba 2021) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]].<ref>{{cite news |last= |first= |date=13 December 2021|title=Умер бывший мэр Находки Виктор Гнездилов|trans-title= |url=https://nakhodka.media/news/1208537/|language=Russian|work=[[Nakhodka|City of Nakhodka]]|location= |access-date=13 December 2021}}</ref> Akiwa mwanachama wa chama cha [[Urusi ya Pamoja]] (United Russia), alihudumu kama meya wa [[Nakhodka]] kuanzia mwaka 1987 hadi 2004.<ref>{{cite news|last=|first=|date=19 October 1999|title=В Находке реанимируют МЖК|trans-title=|url=http://old.zrpress.ru/1999/081/b010.htm|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130504142211/http://old.zrpress.ru/1999/081/b010.htm|archivedate=4 May 2013|language=Russian|work=zrpress.ru|location=|access-date=13 December 2021}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1943|2021}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] b5g0rawpdh0yf9ztjyfl1gk53haq486 Ruslan Gostev 0 238523 1550077 2026-05-25T01:36:42Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ruslan Georgievich Gostev''' (11 Januari 1945 – 17 Septemba 2025) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]]. == Maisha na kazi == Gostev alizaliwa mjini [[Poti]], katika Jamhuri ya Kisovieti ya Kijojia, [[Umoja wa Kisovieti|USSR]] mnamo tarehe 11 Januari 1945.<ref>{{Cite web |title=НАУЧНО-ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЙ ИНСТИТУТ СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ СИСТЕМ |url=http://www.niiss.ru/d_kulikov.shtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/...' 1550077 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ruslan Georgievich Gostev''' (11 Januari 1945 – 17 Septemba 2025) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]]. == Maisha na kazi == Gostev alizaliwa mjini [[Poti]], katika Jamhuri ya Kisovieti ya Kijojia, [[Umoja wa Kisovieti|USSR]] mnamo tarehe 11 Januari 1945.<ref>{{Cite web |title=НАУЧНО-ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЙ ИНСТИТУТ СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ СИСТЕМ |url=http://www.niiss.ru/d_kulikov.shtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060106140417/http://www.niiss.ru/d_kulikov.shtml |archive-date=6 January 2006 |access-date=18 September 2025 |website=www.niiss.ru}}</ref> Alihudumu kama Mbunge wa Duma ya Serikali kuanzia bunge la kwanza hadi la sita (1993–2016) akiwa mwanachama wa Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Shirikisho la Urusi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Сведения о проводящихся выборах и референдумах |url=http://www.vybory.izbirkom.ru/region/region/izbirkom?action=show&root=1&tvd=100100067795849&vrn=100100067795849&region=0&global=1&sub_region=0&prver=0&pronetvd=null&type=341&vibid=4364027199946 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160828064113/http://www.vybory.izbirkom.ru/region/region/izbirkom?action=show&root=1&tvd=100100067795849&vrn=100100067795849&region=0&global=1&sub_region=0&prver=0&pronetvd=null&type=341&vibid=4364027199946 |archive-date=28 August 2016 |access-date=18 September 2025 |website=www.vybory.izbirkom.ru}}</ref> Pia, alikuwa Katibu wa Kwanza wa Kamati ya Mkoa wa [[Voronezh]] wa Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Shirikisho la Urusi kuanzia mwaka 1993 hadi 2008.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Сергей Гаврилов выразил соболезнования в связи с уходом из жизни депутата Госдумы шести созывов Руслана Георгиевича Гостева |url=https://kprf.ru/dep/gosduma/activities/237511.html |access-date=18 September 2025 |website=kprf.ru |language=ru-RU}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1945|2025}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] d5u2dod5v76zrbey3ksqdt1l7x8y2js Alexander Heckmann 0 238524 1550078 2026-05-25T01:40:44Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Alexander Ivanovich Heckmann''' (17 Agosti 1908 – 1994) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Umoja wa Kisovieti|Kisovieti]] mwenye asili ya [[Wajerumani wa Volga]]. Kuanzia mwaka 1938 hadi 1941, alihudumu kama mkuu wa mwisho wa serikali wa [[Jamhuri ya Kisovieti ya Kijamii ya Kujitawala ya Wajerumani wa Volga]].<ref>Viktor Krieger, Hans Kampen, Nina Paulsen, Ludmila Kopp, Josef Schleicher, Johann Kampen [[Landsmannschaft der Deutschen aus Russland]] eV., 2006: ''D...' 1550078 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alexander Ivanovich Heckmann''' (17 Agosti 1908 – 1994) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Umoja wa Kisovieti|Kisovieti]] mwenye asili ya [[Wajerumani wa Volga]]. Kuanzia mwaka 1938 hadi 1941, alihudumu kama mkuu wa mwisho wa serikali wa [[Jamhuri ya Kisovieti ya Kijamii ya Kujitawala ya Wajerumani wa Volga]].<ref>Viktor Krieger, Hans Kampen, Nina Paulsen, Ludmila Kopp, Josef Schleicher, Johann Kampen [[Landsmannschaft der Deutschen aus Russland]] eV., 2006: ''Deutsche aus Russland gestern und heute: Volk auf dem Weg'', S.&nbsp;16. ([https://books.google.com/books?id=M3kiAQAAIAAJ&q=Heckmann+Alexander+wolga limited preview] at [[Google Book Search]]).</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1908|1994}} [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] pe9w6iohg40trdyqzj8tny6kl78wrds Konrad Hoffmann 0 238525 1550079 2026-05-25T01:45:24Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Konrad Heinrichovich Hoffmann''' (1894 – 1977) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Umoja wa Kisovieti|Kisovieti]] mwenye asili ya [[Wajerumani wa Volga]]. Kuanzia mwaka 1938 hadi 1941, alihudumu kama mkuu wa mwisho wa nchi wa [[Jamhuri ya Kisovieti ya Kijamii ya Kujitawala ya Wajerumani wa Volga]]. == Wasifu == Hoffmann alizaliwa katika Mkoa wa Samara wa Milki ya Urusi; alitokea katika familia ya tabaka la wafanyakazi. Wakati wa [[Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya Dunia]],...' 1550079 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Konrad Heinrichovich Hoffmann''' (1894 – 1977) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Umoja wa Kisovieti|Kisovieti]] mwenye asili ya [[Wajerumani wa Volga]]. Kuanzia mwaka 1938 hadi 1941, alihudumu kama mkuu wa mwisho wa nchi wa [[Jamhuri ya Kisovieti ya Kijamii ya Kujitawala ya Wajerumani wa Volga]]. == Wasifu == Hoffmann alizaliwa katika Mkoa wa Samara wa Milki ya Urusi; alitokea katika familia ya tabaka la wafanyakazi. Wakati wa [[Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya Dunia]], alihudumu katika [[Jeshi la Kifalme la Urusi]] na kupigana katika [[Mapigano ya Caucasus]]. Kuanzia mwaka 1918 hadi 1936 alifanya kazi kama msaidizi wa dereva wa treni, na baadaye kama dereva wa treni ya mvuke katika mji wa [[Engels, Mkoa wa Saratov|Engels]].<ref>{{Cite web | author=А. Герман | url=http://www.rusdeutsch-panorama.ru/jencik_statja.php?mode=view&site_id=34&own_menu_id=3027 | title=Гофман Конрад Генрихович | website=rusdeutsch-panorama.ru / Российские немцы | access-date=2018-03-18 | archive-url=https://archive.today/20130504123126/http://www.rusdeutsch-panorama.ru/jencik_statja.php?mode=view&site_id=34&own_menu_id=3027 | archive-date=2013-05-04 | language=ru}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka 1924, [[Jamhuri ya Kisovieti ya Kijamii ya Kujitawala ya Wajerumani wa Volga]] ilianzishwa kama Jamhuri ya Kisovieti ya Kujitawala ndani ya Jamhuri ya Kisovieti ya Kijamii ya Kishirikisho ya Urusi ya [[Umoja wa Kisovieti|USSR]]. Katika mwaka huo huo, Hoffmann alikuwa mwanachama wa [[Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Umoja wa Kisovieti|CPSU]]. Katika miaka ya 1936 hadi 1937, alikuwa mkuu wa kituo cha treni na meneja wa karakana ya treni za mvuke. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1894|1977}} [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] 79z8h6lk1d05wuu9uplsslhrzlq8dy1 Vitaly Ignatenko 0 238526 1550080 2026-05-25T01:51:02Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Vitaly Nikitich Ignatenko''' (alizaliwa 19 Aprili 1941) ni mwandishi wa habari na mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]] aliyekuwa mkuu wa shirika la habari la [[ITAR-TASS]] kuanzia mwaka 1993 hadi 2012. Pia alihudumu kama Naibu Waziri Mkuu wa Urusi katika baraza la kwanza la mawaziri la Waziri Mkuu wa Urusi|Waziri Mkuu [[Viktor Chernomyrdin]] kuanzia mwaka 1995 hadi 1997. Amekuwa mwanachama wa mashirika na taasisi mbalimbali za uandishi wa habari zinazohamasisha matu...' 1550080 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vitaly Nikitich Ignatenko''' (alizaliwa 19 Aprili 1941) ni mwandishi wa habari na mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]] aliyekuwa mkuu wa shirika la habari la [[ITAR-TASS]] kuanzia mwaka 1993 hadi 2012. Pia alihudumu kama Naibu Waziri Mkuu wa Urusi katika baraza la kwanza la mawaziri la Waziri Mkuu wa Urusi|Waziri Mkuu [[Viktor Chernomyrdin]] kuanzia mwaka 1995 hadi 1997. Amekuwa mwanachama wa mashirika na taasisi mbalimbali za uandishi wa habari zinazohamasisha matumizi ya [[Lugha ya Kirusi]] na vyombo vya habari vinavyotumia lugha hiyo. == Wasifu == Baada ya kuhitimu kutoka [[Chuo Kikuu cha Serikali cha Moscow]] akiwa na shahada ya uandishi wa habari, alifanya kazi katika magazeti ya ''[[Komsomolskaya Pravda]]'' na ''[[Novoye Vremya (gazeti)|Novoye Vremya]]'' mnamo miaka ya 1980.<ref> [https://russkiymir.ru/en/fund/board-of-trustees/Ignatenko-Vitalij-Nikitich.php Vitaly Ignatenko]. Russian World Foundation. Retrieved 10 May 2018</ref> Kuanzia mwaka 1990 hadi 1991, alihudumu kama katibu wa vyombo vya habari wa Rais wa Umoja wa Kisovieti, [[Mikhail Gorbachev]].<ref>[[#Palazchenko2010|Palazchenko (2010)]], p. 377</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1941||}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] os7h5u3m40mmn1i3rukb7rhi5o5oh72 Henrik Bull (Hakimu) 0 238527 1550084 2026-05-25T02:14:57Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Einar Marensius Bull''' (amezaliwa 20 Septemba 1942) ni mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norway]]. Alizaliwa katika Alta na ana elimu ya Shahada ya Uzamili ya Uchumi na Biashara. Baada ya kipindi cha kuwa katibu mkuu wa Harakati ya Ulaya nchini Norway kuanzia 1968 hadi 1970, alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1972. Aliwahi kuwa balozi wa Norway nchini [[Nigeria]] kuanzia 1985 hadi 1988, baadaye balozi wa Norway katika Umoja w...' 1550084 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Einar Marensius Bull''' (amezaliwa 20 Septemba 1942) ni mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norway]]. Alizaliwa katika Alta na ana elimu ya Shahada ya Uzamili ya Uchumi na Biashara. Baada ya kipindi cha kuwa katibu mkuu wa Harakati ya Ulaya nchini Norway kuanzia 1968 hadi 1970, alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1972. Aliwahi kuwa balozi wa Norway nchini [[Nigeria]] kuanzia 1985 hadi 1988, baadaye balozi wa Norway katika [[Umoja wa Ulaya]] kuanzia 1996 hadi 2001, na pia balozi wa Norway nchini [[Italia]] kuanzia 2006. Kuanzia 2002 hadi 2006 alikuwa rais wa Mamlaka ya Usimamizi ya European Free Trade Association Surveillance Authority.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|year=2007|title=Einar M. Bull|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|editor=Henriksen, Petter|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|url=[http://www.snl.no/Einar_M._Bull|language=Norwegian|accessdate=5](http://www.snl.no/Einar_M._Bull|language=Norwegian|accessdate=5) March 2009}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1942|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 2b8hmt8voq3lh6zfu5gj7gzg5adogw5 Einar M. Bull 0 238528 1550085 2026-05-25T02:17:49Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Einar Marensius Bull''' (amezaliwa 20 Septemba 1942) ni mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norway]]. Alizaliwa katika Alta na ana elimu ya Shahada ya Uzamili ya Uchumi na Biashara. Baada ya kipindi cha kuwa katibu mkuu wa Harakati ya Ulaya nchini Norway kuanzia 1968 hadi 1970, alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1972. Aliwahi kuwa balozi wa Norway nchini [[Nigeria]] kuanzia 1985 hadi 1988, baadaye balozi wa Norway katika Umoja w...' 1550085 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Einar Marensius Bull''' (amezaliwa 20 Septemba 1942) ni mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norway]]. Alizaliwa katika Alta na ana elimu ya Shahada ya Uzamili ya Uchumi na Biashara. Baada ya kipindi cha kuwa katibu mkuu wa Harakati ya Ulaya nchini Norway kuanzia 1968 hadi 1970, alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1972. Aliwahi kuwa balozi wa Norway nchini [[Nigeria]] kuanzia 1985 hadi 1988, baadaye balozi wa Norway katika [[Umoja wa Ulaya]] kuanzia 1996 hadi 2001, na pia balozi wa Norway nchini [[Italia]] kuanzia 2006. Kuanzia 2002 hadi 2006 alikuwa rais wa Mamlaka ya Usimamizi ya European Free Trade Association Surveillance Authority.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|year=2007|title=Einar M. Bull|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|editor=Henriksen, Petter|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|url=[http://www.snl.no/Einar_M._Bull|language=Norwegian|accessdate=5](http://www.snl.no/Einar_M._Bull|language=Norwegian|accessdate=5) March 2009}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1942|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 2b8hmt8voq3lh6zfu5gj7gzg5adogw5 Johan Zeier Cappelen 0 238529 1550090 2026-05-25T02:23:15Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Johan Zeier Cappelen''' (18 Desemba 1913 – 16 Septemba 2007) alikuwa mwanasheria na balozi kutoka [[Norway]]. Alizaliwa katika Manispaa ya Vang, akiwa mwana wa Hans Blom Cappelen (1879–1965) na kaka wa Andreas Zeier Cappelen.<ref name=heh-1973>{{cite encyclopedia |encyclopedia=[[Hvem er Hvem?]] |year=1973 |title=Cappelen, Johan Zeier |edition=11 |editor-first=Bjørn |editor-last=Steenstrup |location=Oslo |publisher=Aschehoug |language=Norwegian |ur...' 1550090 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Johan Zeier Cappelen''' (18 Desemba 1913 – 16 Septemba 2007) alikuwa mwanasheria na balozi kutoka [[Norway]]. Alizaliwa katika Manispaa ya Vang, akiwa mwana wa Hans Blom Cappelen (1879–1965) na kaka wa Andreas Zeier Cappelen.<ref name=heh-1973>{{cite encyclopedia |encyclopedia=[[Hvem er Hvem?]] |year=1973 |title=Cappelen, Johan Zeier |edition=11 |editor-first=Bjørn |editor-last=Steenstrup |location=Oslo |publisher=Aschehoug |language=Norwegian |url=[https://runeberg.org/hvemerhvem/1973/0103.html](https://runeberg.org/hvemerhvem/1973/0103.html) |access-date=12 June 2013 }}</ref> Ndugu hao walikuwa wanachama wa Mot Dag katika miaka ya 1930.<ref>{{cite book|last=Bull|first=Trygve|authorlink=Trygve Bull|title=Mot Dag og Erling Falk|edition=4th|year=1987|publisher=Cappelen|location=Oslo|language=Norwegian|page=213}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1913|2007}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] bc9zxkp4vxxng6wegsn2pc5i4zt5jzf Rolf Trygve Busch 0 238530 1550093 2026-05-25T02:27:04Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Rolf Trygve Busch''' (15 Novemba 1920 – 18 Desemba 2016) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia na balozi wa [[Norwei|Norway]].<ref>{{cite web|url = [https://runeberg.org/hvemerhvem/1973/0096.html|title=](https://runeberg.org/hvemerhvem/1973/0096.html|title=) Rolf Trygve Busch|publisher= runeberg.org |author= Bjørn Steenstrup |access-date= January 1, 2018}}</ref> Alizaliwa huko Spydeberg katika Østfold, Norway. Alikuwa mwana wa Aksel Busch (1887–1948) na Alet...' 1550093 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rolf Trygve Busch''' (15 Novemba 1920 – 18 Desemba 2016) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia na balozi wa [[Norwei|Norway]].<ref>{{cite web|url = [https://runeberg.org/hvemerhvem/1973/0096.html|title=](https://runeberg.org/hvemerhvem/1973/0096.html|title=) Rolf Trygve Busch|publisher= runeberg.org |author= Bjørn Steenstrup |access-date= January 1, 2018}}</ref> Alizaliwa huko Spydeberg katika Østfold, Norway. Alikuwa mwana wa Aksel Busch (1887–1948) na Alette Tunby (1885–1977). Alipata Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Oslo mwaka 1946. Aliajiriwa katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1947, na akapandishwa cheo kuwa katibu msaidizi mwaka 1960 na naibu mkurugenzi mwaka 1963. Alihudumu kama mshauri wa ubalozi katika ubalozi wa Norway kwenye [[NATO]] kuanzia mwaka 1965 hadi 1971, kisha kwa muda mfupi alikuwa naibu katibu mkuu katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje mwaka 1971 kabla ya kuwa balozi wa Norway katika NATO kuanzia 1971 hadi 1977. Baadaye alikuwa balozi wa Norway nchini [[Ujerumani Magharibi]] kuanzia 1977 hadi 1982 na nchini [[Uingereza]] kuanzia 1982 hadi 1989.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|year=|title=Rolf Trygve Busch|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|author=Jon Bech| publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|url=[http://www.snl.no/Rolf_Trygve_Busch|language=Norwegian|access-date=24](http://www.snl.no/Rolf_Trygve_Busch|language=Norwegian|access-date=24) February 2011}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url = [https://www.aftenposten.no/personalia/i/eg3PR/Nekrolog-Rolf-Trygve-Busch|title=](https://www.aftenposten.no/personalia/i/eg3PR/Nekrolog-Rolf-Trygve-Busch|title=) Rolf Trygve Busch|publisher=aftenposten.no| author=Anne K. Lund|date= 29 December 2016 |access-date= January 1, 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1920|2016}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 7paniyqbnbi4ne822c8j4dp42izi1ps Johan Castberg 0 238531 1550094 2026-05-25T02:29:49Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Johan Castberg''' (21 Septemba 1862 – 24 Desemba 1926) alikuwa [[Norway|Mnorway]], mwanasheria na mwanasiasa aliyefahamika zaidi kwa kuwakilisha Chama cha Watu wa Kijamaa cha Norway. Alikuwa waziri wa serikali kuanzia 1908 hadi 1910 na tena kuanzia 1913 hadi 1914, na pia alihudumu mihula saba katika Bunge la Norway. Akiwa shemeji wa Katti Anker Møller, wawili hao walihusika katika kutekeleza sheria za maendeleo zilizojulikana kama Sheria za Castberg...' 1550094 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Johan Castberg''' (21 Septemba 1862 – 24 Desemba 1926) alikuwa [[Norway|Mnorway]], mwanasheria na mwanasiasa aliyefahamika zaidi kwa kuwakilisha Chama cha Watu wa Kijamaa cha Norway. Alikuwa waziri wa serikali kuanzia 1908 hadi 1910 na tena kuanzia 1913 hadi 1914, na pia alihudumu mihula saba katika Bunge la Norway. Akiwa shemeji wa Katti Anker Møller, wawili hao walihusika katika kutekeleza sheria za maendeleo zilizojulikana kama Sheria za Castberg, ambazo zilitoa haki kwa watoto waliozaliwa nje ya ndoa. Kwa ujumla, alikuwa mmoja wa wanasiasa wenye ushawishi mkubwa nchini Norway mwanzoni mwa karne ya 20.<ref name="snl">{{cite encyclopedia |year=2007 |title=Castberg, Johan |encyclopedia=Aschehoug og Gyldendals Store norske leksikon |publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget |url=[http://www.snl.no/article.html?id=488007](http://www.snl.no/article.html?id=488007) }}{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Mwaka 2013, eneo la mafuta katika [[Bahari ya Barents]] lilipewa jina la Johan Castberg kwa heshima yake.<ref>[[http://www.offshoreenergytoday.com/statoils-skrugard-and-havis-fields-renamed-to-johan-castberg/](http://www.offshoreenergytoday.com/statoils-skrugard-and-havis-fields-renamed-to-johan-castberg/) "Offshore Energy Today"] Statoil’s Skrugard and Havis Fields Renamed to Johan Castberg</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1862|1926}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] j0h5uue8ayai8q1ccu5imbfsv1mkfr2 Ditlef Hvistendahl Christiansen 0 238532 1550095 2026-05-25T02:32:32Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ditlef Hvistendahl Christiansen''' (29 Machi 1865 – 1 Julai 1944) alikuwa jaji wa Mahakama Kuu ya [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alizaliwa mjini Tønsberg akiwa mwana wa Mathilde Georgine Hvistendahl (1834–1911) na mmiliki wa meli Johan Henrik Christiansen (1823–1904). Alikuwa ndugu wa mwanasheria Johan Henrik Christiansen. Mwaka 1898 alimuoa Antonette Zimmer, binti wa daktari.<ref name=hvem30>{{cite encyclopedia|year=1930|title=Christiansen, Ditlef Hvistend...' 1550095 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ditlef Hvistendahl Christiansen''' (29 Machi 1865 – 1 Julai 1944) alikuwa jaji wa Mahakama Kuu ya [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alizaliwa mjini Tønsberg akiwa mwana wa Mathilde Georgine Hvistendahl (1834–1911) na mmiliki wa meli Johan Henrik Christiansen (1823–1904). Alikuwa ndugu wa mwanasheria Johan Henrik Christiansen. Mwaka 1898 alimuoa Antonette Zimmer, binti wa daktari.<ref name=hvem30>{{cite encyclopedia|year=1930|title=Christiansen, Ditlef Hvistendahl|encyclopedia=[[Hvem er hvem?]]|editor=Steenstrup, Bjørn|publisher=Aschehoug|location=Oslo|url=[https://runeberg.org/hvemerhvem/1930/0086.html|page=86|language=Norwegian|access-date=2](https://runeberg.org/hvemerhvem/1930/0086.html|page=86|language=Norwegian|access-date=2) December 2012|archive-date=8 October 2012|archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20121008211325/http://runeberg.org/hvemerhvem/1930/0086.html|url-status=live}}](https://web.archive.org/web/20121008211325/http://runeberg.org/hvemerhvem/1930/0086.html|url-status=live}})</ref> Mtoto wao wa kiume Hans Zimmer Christiansen alikuja kuwa meneja wa wilaya katika Reli ya Taifa ya Norway.<ref name=hvem>{{cite encyclopedia|year=1973|title=Christiansen, Hans Kirkgaard Zimmer|encyclopedia=[[Hvem er hvem?]]|editor=Steenstrup, Bjørn|publisher=Aschehoug|location=Oslo|url=[https://runeberg.org/hvemerhvem/1973/0107.html|page=107|language=Norwegian|access-date=2](https://runeberg.org/hvemerhvem/1973/0107.html|page=107|language=Norwegian|access-date=2) December 2012|archive-date=25 October 2012|archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20121025032529/http://runeberg.org/hvemerhvem/1973/0107.html|url-status=live}}](https://web.archive.org/web/20121025032529/http://runeberg.org/hvemerhvem/1973/0107.html|url-status=live}})</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1865|1944}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] arcfk2xney65paicnyjvn0diun79oje Kirsti Coward 0 238533 1550096 2026-05-25T02:36:08Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Kirsti Coward''' (amezaliwa 19 Desemba 1940) ni jaji kutoka [[Norway]]. Alizaliwa mjini Kristiansand<ref name="snl">{{cite encyclopedia |title=Kirsti Coward|encyclopedia=Store norske leksikon |date=2 June 2022 |publisher=|location= |url=[https://snl.no/Kirsti_Coward|language=Norwegian}}](https://snl.no/Kirsti_Coward|language=Norwegian}})</ref> akiwa binti wa mkuu wa shule Gorgus Coward. Alihitimu Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Oslo...' 1550096 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kirsti Coward''' (amezaliwa 19 Desemba 1940) ni jaji kutoka [[Norway]]. Alizaliwa mjini Kristiansand<ref name="snl">{{cite encyclopedia |title=Kirsti Coward|encyclopedia=Store norske leksikon |date=2 June 2022 |publisher=|location= |url=[https://snl.no/Kirsti_Coward|language=Norwegian}}](https://snl.no/Kirsti_Coward|language=Norwegian}})</ref> akiwa binti wa mkuu wa shule Gorgus Coward. Alihitimu Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Oslo mwaka 1963, na kwa muda alifanya kazi huko kama msaidizi wa utafiti. Aliajiriwa katika Wizara ya Sheria na Polisi ya Norway mwaka 1965.<ref name="hvem">{{cite encyclopedia |title=Kirsti Coward |encyclopedia=Hvem er hvem? |last=Forr |first=Gudleiv |authorlink=Gudleiv Forr |year=2008 |editor=[[Knut Olav Åmås]] |publisher=Aschehoug |location=Oslo |isbn=978-82-03-23561-0 |pages=101–102 }}</ref> Alifanya kazi kama naibu katibu mkuu wa serikali katika wizara hiyo kuanzia 1988 hadi 1994, na baadaye alikuwa jaji wa Mahakama Kuu ya Norway kuanzia 1994 hadi alipostaafu mwaka 2010.<ref name="snl"/> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1940|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 0arshg0lw29eul3oorh34zbxuka7kq5 Kåre Dæhlen 0 238534 1550097 2026-05-25T02:40:53Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Kåre Dæhlen''' (23 Oktoba 1926 – 23 Mei 2020) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia wa [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alikuwa na elimu ya Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria, na alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1954. Alihudumu kama balozi wa Norway nchini [[Ugiriki]] kuanzia mwaka 1974 hadi 1976, nchini [[Poland]] kuanzia 1981 hadi 1986, nchini [[India]] kuanzia 1986 hadi 1990, na nchini [[Austria]] kuanzia 1990 hadi 1994.<ref name=snl>{{cite ency...' 1550097 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kåre Dæhlen''' (23 Oktoba 1926 – 23 Mei 2020) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia wa [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alikuwa na elimu ya Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria, na alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1954. Alihudumu kama balozi wa Norway nchini [[Ugiriki]] kuanzia mwaka 1974 hadi 1976, nchini [[Poland]] kuanzia 1981 hadi 1986, nchini [[India]] kuanzia 1986 hadi 1990, na nchini [[Austria]] kuanzia 1990 hadi 1994.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|year=|title=Kåre Dæhlen|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|editor=|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|url=[https://www.snl.no/K%C3%A5re_D%C3%A6hlen|language=Norwegian|accessdate=25](https://www.snl.no/K%C3%A5re_D%C3%A6hlen|language=Norwegian|accessdate=25) June 2020}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1926|2020}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] axut9xz909z0vy66p5vopd3reld3jhh Johan Henrik Dahl 0 238535 1550098 2026-05-25T02:44:25Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Johan Henrik Dahl''' (15 Agosti 1928 – 2 Julai 2011) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norway]]. Alikuwa na shahada ya MBA na alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1953. Alihudumu katika miji ya [[Bremen]], [[Cape Town]], [[Bern]], [[London]] na [[Geneva]]. Mwaka 1975 aliteuliwa kuwa naibu katibu katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje. Baada ya kuhudumu kama mshauri wa ubalozi mjini [[Washington, D.C.]] kuanzia 1978, mwaka 1983 ali...' 1550098 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Johan Henrik Dahl''' (15 Agosti 1928 – 2 Julai 2011) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norway]]. Alikuwa na shahada ya MBA na alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1953. Alihudumu katika miji ya [[Bremen]], [[Cape Town]], [[Bern]], [[London]] na [[Geneva]]. Mwaka 1975 aliteuliwa kuwa naibu katibu katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje. Baada ya kuhudumu kama mshauri wa ubalozi mjini [[Washington, D.C.]] kuanzia 1978, mwaka 1983 alikua mshauri maalumu wa wizara kuhusu masuala ya mafuta na nishati. Katika nafasi hiyo pia alikuwa balozi wa Norway katika Shirika la Kimataifa la Nishati.<ref name=obit>{{Cite news |title=Johan Henrik Dahl (obituary)|work=Aftenposten|author=Tukun, Tord|date=7 July 2011|language=no}}</ref><ref name=80y>{{Cite news |title=80 år 15. august: Ambassadør Johan Henrik Dahl|agency=Norwegian News Agency|date=30 July 2008|language=no}}</ref> Dahl alihitimisha kazi yake akiwa balozi wa Norway nchini [[Thailand]] (akiwa pia anahudumia [[Vietnam]], [[Laos]] na [[Cambodia]]) kuanzia 1989 hadi 1993, na balozi nchini [[Zimbabwe]] (akiwa pia anahudumia [[Botswana]], [[Msumbiji]] na [[Angola]]) kuanzia 1993 hadi 1997. Alitunukiwa hadhi ya Kamanda wa Order of St. Olav.<ref name=obit/><ref>{{Cite news |title=Offisielt fra statsråd|agency=Norwegian News Agency|date=14 January 1994|language=no}}</ref> Aliishi Holmestrand na alifariki muda mfupi kabla ya kutimiza miaka 83.<ref name=obit/><ref name=80y/> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1928|2011}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] lfdrspea9d91vu3m8nqp8h3h5o8qzrh Otto Dahl (mhandisi) 0 238536 1550099 2026-05-25T02:47:13Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Axel Otto Dahl''' (9 Juni 1864 – 1938) alikuwa mhandisi na mwanamichezo wa [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alizaliwa Nøsted katika eneo la Lier, akiwa mwana wa Claus Frimann Dahl (1825–1913) na Gjerthrud Johanne Marie Thams (1840–1885).<ref name=stud1883>{{cite book|editor=Bade, Ludvig|title=Studentene fra 1883|year=1908|publisher=Mallingske Boktrykkeri|location=Oslo|language=Norwegian|pages=86–87|display-editors=etal}}</ref><ref>http://vestraat.net/TNG...' 1550099 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Axel Otto Dahl''' (9 Juni 1864 – 1938) alikuwa mhandisi na mwanamichezo wa [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alizaliwa Nøsted katika eneo la Lier, akiwa mwana wa Claus Frimann Dahl (1825–1913) na Gjerthrud Johanne Marie Thams (1840–1885).<ref name=stud1883>{{cite book|editor=Bade, Ludvig|title=Studentene fra 1883|year=1908|publisher=Mallingske Boktrykkeri|location=Oslo|language=Norwegian|pages=86–87|display-editors=etal}}</ref><ref>[[http://vestraat.net/TNG/getperson.php?personID=I73083&tree=IEA](http://vestraat.net/TNG/getperson.php?personID=I73083&tree=IEA) Genealogical entry] for Claus Frimann Dahl (vestraat.net)</ref> Babu yake mkubwa kwa upande wa baba alikuwa mshauri wa sheria Christian Lerche Dahl.<ref name=stud1883/> Mnamo Mei 1911 alimuoa Hildur Fredstad, binti wa mfanyabiashara wa ngozi kutoka Kristiania. Walipata mtoto mmoja wa kike na mmoja wa kiume.<ref name=stud1883-50y>{{cite book|editor=Tollefsen, Th.|title=Studentene fra 1883|year=1933|publisher=Mallingske Boktrykkeri|location=Oslo|language=Norwegian|page=31}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1864|1938}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 3c0lsfycokk1kosjfjmp5i5s764sbfe Eivind Dale 0 238537 1550101 2026-05-25T02:50:05Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Eivind Dale''' (amezaliwa 20 Julai 1955) ni mtumishi wa umma kutoka [[Norway]]. Ana shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria kutoka Chuo cha Kilimo cha Norway aliyohitimu mwaka 1979, na ametumia sehemu kubwa ya taaluma yake katika Wizara ya Serikali za Mitaa na Maendeleo ya Kikanda ya Norway. Alipandishwa cheo kuwa naibu katibu mkuu wa serikali mwaka 2000 na baadaye katibu mkuu wa kudumu mwaka 2006; nafasi ya juu zaidi ya kiutumishi katika wizara ya Norway. Alikuw...' 1550101 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eivind Dale''' (amezaliwa 20 Julai 1955) ni mtumishi wa umma kutoka [[Norway]]. Ana shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria kutoka Chuo cha Kilimo cha Norway aliyohitimu mwaka 1979, na ametumia sehemu kubwa ya taaluma yake katika Wizara ya Serikali za Mitaa na Maendeleo ya Kikanda ya Norway. Alipandishwa cheo kuwa naibu katibu mkuu wa serikali mwaka 2000 na baadaye katibu mkuu wa kudumu mwaka 2006; nafasi ya juu zaidi ya kiutumishi katika wizara ya Norway. Alikuwa akikaimu nafasi hiyo tangu mwaka 2005.<ref name=hvem>{{cite book |title=Hvem er hvem? |last= |first= |author-link= |year=2008 |editor=Knut Olav Åmås |editor-link=Knut Olav Åmås |publisher=Aschehoug |location=Oslo |isbn=978-82-03-23561-0 |page=109 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1955|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] ejwj3jnlshqvlm95n1jjr3yp8c9pywg Nils Terje Dalseide 0 238538 1550102 2026-05-25T02:52:30Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Nils Terje Dalseide''' (29 Agosti 1952 – 10 Juni 2018)<ref>[[https://fonus.vareminnesider.no/order_info.php?order_id=3522791&set_site_id=144&memorial_page_created=0&design=vareminnesider-no&sign=ac57924d18c63d1a05ace16f3abac34e](https://fonus.vareminnesider.no/order_info.php?order_id=3522791&set_site_id=144&memorial_page_created=0&design=vareminnesider-no&sign=ac57924d18c63d1a05ace16f3abac34e) Death notice]</ref> alikuwa jaji na mtumishi wa serikali w...' 1550102 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nils Terje Dalseide''' (29 Agosti 1952 – 10 Juni 2018)<ref>[[https://fonus.vareminnesider.no/order_info.php?order_id=3522791&set_site_id=144&memorial_page_created=0&design=vareminnesider-no&sign=ac57924d18c63d1a05ace16f3abac34e](https://fonus.vareminnesider.no/order_info.php?order_id=3522791&set_site_id=144&memorial_page_created=0&design=vareminnesider-no&sign=ac57924d18c63d1a05ace16f3abac34e) Death notice]</ref> alikuwa jaji na mtumishi wa serikali wa [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alizaliwa katika Ål.<ref name=snl/> Alihudumu kama Mpatanishi wa Taifa wa Norway kuanzia mwaka 2013 hadi kifo chake mwaka 2018.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Nils Terje Dalseide |first= |last= |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |editor-last=Bolstad | editor-first=Erik |publisher=Norsk nettleksikon |location=Oslo |url=[https://snl.no/Nils_Terje_Dalseide](https://snl.no/Nils_Terje_Dalseide) |language=Norwegian |accessdate=14 July 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1952|2018}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] mezoeibgf7lwxz2f6ke2vuh5afiujvo Brit Denstad 0 238539 1550103 2026-05-25T02:55:21Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Brit Denstad''' (amezaliwa 24 Desemba 1935) ni mtumishi wa umma kutoka [[Norway]]. Yeye ni mwanasosholojia na alipata shahada ya Dr. Philos mwaka 1975. Alifanya kazi kama naibu mkurugenzi katika Wizara ya Masuala ya Kijamii ya Norway kuanzia 1977 hadi 1981 kabla ya kufanya kazi kwa miaka mingi kama mkurugenzi wa utafiti. Alikuwa mkurugenzi wa ''Institutt for anvendt sosialvitenskapelig forskning'' (INAS) kuanzia 1981 hadi 1987 na ''Norges råd for anve...' 1550103 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Brit Denstad''' (amezaliwa 24 Desemba 1935) ni mtumishi wa umma kutoka [[Norway]]. Yeye ni mwanasosholojia na alipata shahada ya Dr. Philos mwaka 1975. Alifanya kazi kama naibu mkurugenzi katika Wizara ya Masuala ya Kijamii ya Norway kuanzia 1977 hadi 1981 kabla ya kufanya kazi kwa miaka mingi kama mkurugenzi wa utafiti. Alikuwa mkurugenzi wa ''Institutt for anvendt sosialvitenskapelig forskning'' (INAS) kuanzia 1981 hadi 1987 na ''Norges råd for anvendt samfunnsforskning'' (NORAS) kuanzia 1987 hadi 1992. Baadaye alikuwa naibu mkurugenzi katika Baraza la Utafiti la Norway kuanzia 1993 hadi 1994, na mkurugenzi wa utafiti na maendeleo katika Chuo Kikuu cha Oslo Metropolitan kuanzia 1994 hadi 1995.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|year=2007|title=Brit Denstad|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|editor=Henriksen, Petter|url=[http://www.snl.no/Brit_Denstad|language=Norwegian|accessdate=17](http://www.snl.no/Brit_Denstad|language=Norwegian|accessdate=17) February 2011}}</ref> Tarehe 1 Februari 1996 alichukua nafasi ya Knut Grøholt kama katibu mkuu wa kudumu katika Wizara ya Utawala wa Serikali ya Norway.<ref>{{cite news|title=Inn på Molands kontor|work=Dagens Næringsliv|author=Gauslaa, Stein|author-link=Stein Gauslaa|page=32|date=10 January 1996|language=Norwegian}}</ref> Aliendelea katika nafasi hiyo hadi 2001, kisha akawa mshauri maalumu katika wizara hiyo hiyo (iliyobadilishwa jina kuwa Wizara ya Utawala wa Serikali na Kazi).<ref name=snl/> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1935|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] kzr59lyi5e161sjkgnbk4lfe672m6u4 Per Drageset 0 238540 1550104 2026-05-25T03:01:36Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Per Drageset''' (15 Januari 1944 – 12 Novemba 2022) alikuwa mtumishi wa umma kutoka [[Norway]]. Drageset alizaliwa katika kijiji cha Innvik na kukulia Raudeberg.<ref name=nrk>{{cite news|title=Drageset gir seg som fylkesrådmann|url=[http://www.nrk.no/nyheter/distrikt/nrk_sogn_og_fjordane/5384467.html|publisher=[[Shirika](http://www.nrk.no/nyheter/distrikt/nrk_sogn_og_fjordane/5384467.html|publisher=[[Shirika) la Utangazaji la Norway]]|date=10 Januar...' 1550104 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Per Drageset''' (15 Januari 1944 – 12 Novemba 2022) alikuwa mtumishi wa umma kutoka [[Norway]]. Drageset alizaliwa katika kijiji cha Innvik na kukulia Raudeberg.<ref name=nrk>{{cite news|title=Drageset gir seg som fylkesrådmann|url=[http://www.nrk.no/nyheter/distrikt/nrk_sogn_og_fjordane/5384467.html|publisher=[[Shirika](http://www.nrk.no/nyheter/distrikt/nrk_sogn_og_fjordane/5384467.html|publisher=[[Shirika) la Utangazaji la Norway]]|date=10 January 2006|access-date=26 September 2009|language=no}}</ref> Alihitimu shahada ya Shahada ya Uzamili ya Uchumi kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Oslo mwaka 1970, kisha alihudumu mwaka mmoja katika huduma ya kijeshi ya lazima, na baadaye alifanya kazi katika Taasisi ya Utafiti wa Miji na Maendeleo ya Kikanda ya Norway kuanzia 1971 hadi 1974. Mwaka 1974 alianza kufanya kazi katika Manispaa ya Kaunti ya Sogn og Fjordane, na alipandishwa cheo kuwa mkurugenzi wa fedha mwaka 1978. Alikuwa mtendaji mkuu (CEO) wa Hospitali Kuu ya Førde kuanzia 1980 hadi 1981, kisha akarudi tena kuwa mkurugenzi wa fedha kabla ya kuondoka mwaka 1988. Kuanzia 1989 hadi 1995, alikuwa mtendaji mkuu wa Fjord1 Fylkesbaatane. Mwaka 1995 aliteuliwa kuwa Naibu Gavana wa Kaunti ya Sogn og Fjordane, na kuanzia 1997 alikua mkuu wa utawala (fylkesrådmann) wa Manispaa ya Kaunti ya Sogn og Fjordane.<ref>{{cite news|title=Fylkesrådmannen fyller 60|work=[[Bergens Tidende]]|last=Eithun|first=Gerdfinn|date=14 January 2004|page=28|language=no}}</ref> Alistaafu mwaka 2006.<ref name=nrk/><ref>{{cite news|title=Jan Øhlckers ny fylkesrådmann|url=[http://www.nrk.no/nyheter/distrikt/nrk_sogn_og_fjordane/1.402669|publisher=[[Shirika](http://www.nrk.no/nyheter/distrikt/nrk_sogn_og_fjordane/1.402669|publisher=[[Shirika) la Utangazaji la Norway]]|first=Eldgrim|last=Fossheim|date=4 April 2006|access-date=26 September 2009|language=no}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1944|2022}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] budcwyv1hu4udwrc2t7sf16ca69sewe Clodagh Hope Knox Sparrow 0 238541 1550106 2026-05-25T03:45:08Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Clodagh Hope Knox Sparrow''' ([[Julai 24]], [[1905]] – [[Julai 28]], [[1957]])<ref name=ahr>'Clodagh Hope Knox Sparrow', arthistoryresearch-net</ref> alikuwa [[msanii]] nchini [[Uingereza]] aliyejulikana zaidi kwa mabango yake ya usafiri wa reli na likizo. Aliagizwa kazi mara kwa mara na makampuni ya reli kuanzia miaka ya [[1930]] hadi [[1950]], ikiwemo kazi kwa British Railways, Great Western Railway, London Midland and Scottish, London Transport, So...' 1550106 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Clodagh Hope Knox Sparrow''' ([[Julai 24]], [[1905]] – [[Julai 28]], [[1957]])<ref name=ahr>'Clodagh Hope Knox Sparrow', arthistoryresearch-net</ref> alikuwa [[msanii]] nchini [[Uingereza]] aliyejulikana zaidi kwa mabango yake ya usafiri wa reli na likizo. Aliagizwa kazi mara kwa mara na makampuni ya reli kuanzia miaka ya [[1930]] hadi [[1950]], ikiwemo kazi kwa British Railways, Great Western Railway, London Midland and Scottish, London Transport, Southern Railway na wengineo.<ref name="ahrnet">{{cite web |title=AHRnet-Print-Profile - Clodagh Hope Knox Sparrow |url=https://www.arthistoryresearch.net/database/index1.php?mode=print&tab=1&designerRef=9192962&find= |website=Art History Research net |access-date=2026-05-25}}</ref><ref>[https://www.ltmuseum.co.uk/collections/collections-online/people/item/1997-341 Clodagh Sparrow biography, London Transport Museum]</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1905]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1957]] ksi0vuy2bn7647s4ip94wmduky7sj70 Martin Stainforth 0 238542 1550108 2026-05-25T03:48:28Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Martin Frank Stainforth''' ([[Agosti 14]], [[1866]] – [[Aprili 22]], [[1957]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] mzaliwa wa [[Uingereza]] anayejulikana zaidi kwa picha zake za farasi wa Thoroughbred alizowachora Uingereza, [[Australia]], na [[Marekani]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1866]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1957]]' 1550108 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Martin Frank Stainforth''' ([[Agosti 14]], [[1866]] – [[Aprili 22]], [[1957]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] mzaliwa wa [[Uingereza]] anayejulikana zaidi kwa picha zake za farasi wa Thoroughbred alizowachora Uingereza, [[Australia]], na [[Marekani]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1866]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1957]] ivudnma22gs67fulnqtyrex6jph4255 George Loraine Stampa 0 238543 1550110 2026-05-25T03:54:04Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''George Loraine Stampa''' ([[Novemba 29]], [[1875]] – [[Mei 26]], [[1951]]), aliyejulikana pia kama G. L. Stampa, alikuwa [[msanii]] wa [[Uingereza]]<ref name="The Times-1951">{{Cite news |url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/CS102059196/TTDA |title=Mr. G. L. Stampa |newspaper=[[The Times]] |publication-place=London |issue=52012 |page=6 |date=28 May 1951 |access-date=2024-01-24 |via=The Times Digital Archive}}</ref><ref name="The Guardian-1951">{{Cite ne...' 1550110 wikitext text/x-wiki '''George Loraine Stampa''' ([[Novemba 29]], [[1875]] – [[Mei 26]], [[1951]]), aliyejulikana pia kama G. L. Stampa, alikuwa [[msanii]] wa [[Uingereza]]<ref name="The Times-1951">{{Cite news |url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/CS102059196/TTDA |title=Mr. G. L. Stampa |newspaper=[[The Times]] |publication-place=London |issue=52012 |page=6 |date=28 May 1951 |access-date=2024-01-24 |via=The Times Digital Archive}}</ref><ref name="The Guardian-1951">{{Cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-guardian-mr-george-l-stampa/139460269/ |title=Mr George L. Stampa |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |publication-place=London |page=8 |date=May 28, 1951 |access-date=2024-01-24 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url-access=subscription|url=https://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/10.1093/ww/9780199540891.001.0001/ww-9780199540884-e-243259|title=Stampa, George Loraine, (29 Nov. 1875–26 May 1951), artist|website=Who's Who & Who Was Who|year=2007|doi=10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U243259|isbn=978-0-19-954089-1}}</ref>.Alichangia katika jarida la Punch kwa zaidi ya miaka 50 na alikuwa mchoraji picha wa vitabu vilivyoandikwa na [[A. P. Herbert]], [[E. V. Lucas]] na [[Anthony Armstrong (mwandishi)|Anthony Armstrong]]. Alichangia katika magazeti mengi ya picha, ikiwemo ''The Bystander'', ''The Humorist'', ''The Sketch'' na ''The Tatler''. Alishiriki katika mashindano ya sanaa kwenye [[Olimpiki]] ya Majira ya joto ya [[1928]].<ref name="Olympedia">{{cite web|url=https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/920549 |title=George Loraine Stampa |work=Olympedia|accessdate=26 July 2020}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1875]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1951]] 42qi4prd69kl63agi3ia79mf0uk7cge Heather Standring 0 238544 1550111 2026-05-25T03:56:51Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Heather Evelyn Standring''' ([[1928]] – [[2018]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] picha nchini [[Uingereza]].<ref name="Salisbury">{{cite book |last1=Salisbury |first1=Martin |title=The illustrated dust jacket, 1920-1970 |date=2017 |location=London |isbn=9780500519134 |pages=168–169 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EAZ5AQAACAAJ |access-date=21 September 2022}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] Jamii:Wali...' 1550111 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Heather Evelyn Standring''' ([[1928]] – [[2018]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] picha nchini [[Uingereza]].<ref name="Salisbury">{{cite book |last1=Salisbury |first1=Martin |title=The illustrated dust jacket, 1920-1970 |date=2017 |location=London |isbn=9780500519134 |pages=168–169 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EAZ5AQAACAAJ |access-date=21 September 2022}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1928]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2018]] g59u96za80djklzj1pvpjakc7uwvrez John Gunda 0 238545 1550112 2026-05-25T04:00:52Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''John Gunda''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini. Alikuwa mwanachama wa chama cha Independent Democrats (ID) na baadaye alihamia [[chama]] cha African National Congress (ANC). == Wasifu wa Kazi == John Gunda alijiunga na chama cha Independent Democrats (ID) mnamo mwaka 2003 na alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge mnamo 2004. Alijiuzulu mnamo 2008 na kisha akachaguliwa tena mnamo 2009. Mnamo mwaka 2005, akiwa kiongozi wa chama cha ID katika jimbo la Northern Cape,...' 1550112 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Gunda''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini. Alikuwa mwanachama wa chama cha Independent Democrats (ID) na baadaye alihamia [[chama]] cha African National Congress (ANC). == Wasifu wa Kazi == John Gunda alijiunga na chama cha Independent Democrats (ID) mnamo mwaka 2003 na alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge mnamo 2004. Alijiuzulu mnamo 2008 na kisha akachaguliwa tena mnamo 2009. Mnamo mwaka 2005, akiwa kiongozi wa chama cha ID katika jimbo la Northern Cape, Gunda alipatikana na hatia ya kumbaka mwanamke mmoja na akahukumiwa kifungo cha miaka 10 jela. Hata hivyo, mwaka uliofuata, alifutiwa mashtaka yote na kuonekana hana hatia.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ID man cleared of rape|url=https://www.sowetan.co.za//news/2006-12-14-id-man-cleared-of-rape/|work=Sowetan|date=2006-12-14|accessdate=2026-05-25|language=en}}</ref> Mnamo Septemba 2010, alitajwa na kuaibishwa hadharani na [[kiongozi]] wa ID, Patricia de Lille, kama mmoja wa wabunge waliofanya makosa makubwa zaidi katika matumizi mabaya ya marupurupu ya safari za bunge.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Last-minute defections, endorsement|url=https://iol.co.za/news/politics/2014-05-06-last-minute-defections-endorsement/|work=IOL|date=2267-01-11|accessdate=2026-05-25|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] 1xuf465s86yy64w5l2b712tnpco9pio Charles Joseph Staniland 0 238546 1550113 2026-05-25T04:02:25Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Charles Joseph Staniland''' ([[Juni 19]], [[1838]] – [[Juni 16]], [[1916]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] nchini [[Uingereza]] wa picha za kihistoria na baharini na mchoraji picha mkuu wa ''Social Realism''.Alikuwa mhimili wa ''Illustrated London News'' na ''The Graphic'' katika miaka ya [[1870]] na [[1880]].<ref name=Baptism-CNStaniland>{{cite book |last1=London Metropolitan Archives |title=London, England, Church of England Births and Baptisms, 1813-1917...' 1550113 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Charles Joseph Staniland''' ([[Juni 19]], [[1838]] – [[Juni 16]], [[1916]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] nchini [[Uingereza]] wa picha za kihistoria na baharini na mchoraji picha mkuu wa ''Social Realism''.Alikuwa mhimili wa ''Illustrated London News'' na ''The Graphic'' katika miaka ya [[1870]] na [[1880]].<ref name=Baptism-CNStaniland>{{cite book |last1=London Metropolitan Archives |title=London, England, Church of England Births and Baptisms, 1813-1917 |chapter=Year: 1844-1893, Reference Number: dro/079/001: Baptisms Solemnized in the Parish of Turnham Green in the County of Middlesex in the year 1871: 11 April: Charles Norman Staniland |year=2010 |publisher=Ancestry.com |location=Provo, Utah }}</ref> <ref name=Baptism-CWStaniland>{{cite book |last1=London Metropolitan Archives |title=London, England, Church of England Births and Baptisms, 1813-1917 |chapter=Year: 1844-1893, Reference Number: dro/079/001: Baptisms Solemnized in the Parish of Turnham Green in the County of Middlesex in the year 1878: 25 Oct: Catherine Wells Staniland |year=2010 |publisher=Ancestry.com |location=Provo, Utah }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1838]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1916]] 7fnhdswrawdrc9l9j8wo0o2blu4ncj7 Roelie Groenewald 0 238547 1550114 2026-05-25T04:04:42Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Rudolph Hendrik "Roelie" Groenewald''' (alizaliwa 14 Julai 1950) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini ambaye aliwakilisha chama cha National Party (NP) katika [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa kuanzia mwaka 1994 hadi 1999.<ref>{{Cite web|title=National Assembly - Members|url=http://www.parliament.gov.za/mps/mps.html|work=www.parliament.gov.za|accessdate=2026-05-25|author=ANC Input}}</ref> Alichaguliwa katika kiti chake kwenye uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 1994 na alihudumu k...' 1550114 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rudolph Hendrik "Roelie" Groenewald''' (alizaliwa 14 Julai 1950) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini ambaye aliwakilisha chama cha National Party (NP) katika [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa kuanzia mwaka 1994 hadi 1999.<ref>{{Cite web|title=National Assembly - Members|url=http://www.parliament.gov.za/mps/mps.html|work=www.parliament.gov.za|accessdate=2026-05-25|author=ANC Input}}</ref> Alichaguliwa katika kiti chake kwenye uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 1994 na alihudumu kama naibu msemaji wa chama chake kuhusu masuala ya sheria.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nice guy, but can he do the job?|url=https://mg.co.za/article/1998-07-17-nice-guy-but-can-he-do-the-job/|work=The Mail & Guardian|date=1998-07-17|accessdate=2026-05-25|language=en-ZA|author=Staff Reporter}}</ref> Groenewald aligombea tena nafasi hiyo mwaka [[1999]] kama mgombea kupitia chama cha New National Party, ambacho kilikuwa mrithi wa chama cha NP. Hata hivyo, alishika nafasi ya 8 kwenye orodha ya chama ya kikanda kwa upande wa Gauteng na hivyo hakufanikiwa kuchaguliwa tena. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1950]] hsh4xcibj3k18k1pc6mh74wachl1rc7 Rob Steen 0 238548 1550116 2026-05-25T04:05:36Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Rob Steen''' ni [[mchoraji]] picha na mpiga gitaa nchini [[Uingereza]], aliyejulikana zaidi kwa mfululizo wa vitabu ''Flanimals'' vya [[Ricky Gervais]].Mengine ni pamoja na ''Erf'' na ''The Pod''. Alipiga gitaa katika bendi za Presence na Babacar na mnamo Agosti [[2023]] alitoa albamu ya ''Zephyr''.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/news/childs-play-ricky-gervaiss-first-book-tops-chart-542790.html|title=Child's p...' 1550116 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rob Steen''' ni [[mchoraji]] picha na mpiga gitaa nchini [[Uingereza]], aliyejulikana zaidi kwa mfululizo wa vitabu ''Flanimals'' vya [[Ricky Gervais]].Mengine ni pamoja na ''Erf'' na ''The Pod''. Alipiga gitaa katika bendi za Presence na Babacar na mnamo Agosti [[2023]] alitoa albamu ya ''Zephyr''.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/news/childs-play-ricky-gervaiss-first-book-tops-chart-542790.html|title=Child's play: Ricky Gervais's first book tops chart|last=Byrne|first=Ciar|date=6 October 2004|work=[[The Independent]]|accessdate=27 June 2011}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa mwaka usiojulikana]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] oe4f7ejzb9nlvc46ns8om3ou4z7g2r5 Jacobus Albertyn 0 238549 1550117 2026-05-25T04:07:23Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jacobus Theron Albertyn''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini ambaye aliwakilisha chama cha National Party (NP) katika Bunge la Kitaifa kuanzia mwaka 1994 hadi 1999,<ref>{{Cite web|title=National Assembly - Members|url=http://www.parliament.gov.za/mps/mps.html|work=www.parliament.gov.za|accessdate=2026-05-25|author=ANC Input}}</ref> baada ya kuchaguliwa katika kiti chake kwenye [[uchaguzi]] mkuu wa mwaka 1994. Kabla ya hapo, aliwakilisha chama cha NP ka...' 1550117 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jacobus Theron Albertyn''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini ambaye aliwakilisha chama cha National Party (NP) katika Bunge la Kitaifa kuanzia mwaka 1994 hadi 1999,<ref>{{Cite web|title=National Assembly - Members|url=http://www.parliament.gov.za/mps/mps.html|work=www.parliament.gov.za|accessdate=2026-05-25|author=ANC Input}}</ref> baada ya kuchaguliwa katika kiti chake kwenye [[uchaguzi]] mkuu wa mwaka 1994. Kabla ya hapo, aliwakilisha chama cha NP katika Baraza la Wajumbe (House of Assembly) la enzi za [[ubaguzi]] wa rangi (apartheid), akihudumia jimbo la False Bay.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ZA HANSARDS|url=https://www.hansards.org.za/|work=ZA HANSARDS|accessdate=2026-05-25|language=en|author=Za Hansards}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] b9c0px1g02q5n5w64fhshixca2gmsso William Stobbs 0 238550 1550118 2026-05-25T04:11:07Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''William Stobbs''' ([[Juni 27]], [[1914]] – [[Aprili 6]], [[2000]]) alikuwa [[mwandishi]] na [[mchoraji]] picha nchini [[Uingereza]]. Kuanzia [[1950]] hadi [[1958]], alihudumu kama mkuu wa idara ya muundo katika ''London School of Printing and Kindred Trades''.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://special.lib.umn.edu/findaid/xml/CLRC-1911.xml | title=Archives and Special Collections &#124; University of Minnesota Libraries }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {...' 1550118 wikitext text/x-wiki '''William Stobbs''' ([[Juni 27]], [[1914]] – [[Aprili 6]], [[2000]]) alikuwa [[mwandishi]] na [[mchoraji]] picha nchini [[Uingereza]]. Kuanzia [[1950]] hadi [[1958]], alihudumu kama mkuu wa idara ya muundo katika ''London School of Printing and Kindred Trades''.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://special.lib.umn.edu/findaid/xml/CLRC-1911.xml | title=Archives and Special Collections &#124; University of Minnesota Libraries }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1914]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2000]] icj26qpnrs96ctubwp77g8wegq3j0r2 John Ralph Beaumont 0 238551 1550119 2026-05-25T04:12:46Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''John Ralph Beaumont DL, JP''' (22 Aprili 1927 – Novemba 1992) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa Rhodesia. Alikuwa mtoto wa Ralph Edward Blackett Beaumont (mtoto wa Wentworth Beaumont, Aliyekuwa Makamu wa Kwanza wa Allendale) na mke wake Helena Mary Christine Wray (binti wa Cecil Wray) == Elimu == Alisoma katika Chuo cha Eton na kisha Chuo cha Christ Church, Oxford, ambapo alihitimu na Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sanaa (Master of Arts) mnamo mwaka 1952. == Kazi ==...' 1550119 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Ralph Beaumont DL, JP''' (22 Aprili 1927 – Novemba 1992) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa Rhodesia. Alikuwa mtoto wa Ralph Edward Blackett Beaumont (mtoto wa Wentworth Beaumont, Aliyekuwa Makamu wa Kwanza wa Allendale) na mke wake Helena Mary Christine Wray (binti wa Cecil Wray) == Elimu == Alisoma katika Chuo cha Eton na kisha Chuo cha Christ Church, Oxford, ambapo alihitimu na Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sanaa (Master of Arts) mnamo mwaka 1952. == Kazi == Katika uchaguzi wa Shirikisho la Rhodesia na Nyasaland wa mwaka 1962, Beaumont alichaguliwa kuwakilisha jimbo la Mrewa, akihudumu katika jimbo hilo hadi shirikisho hilo lilipovunjwa mwaka uliofuata. Alikuwa Jaji wa Amani (Justice of the Peace) wa eneo la Powys mnamo mwaka [[1976]] na aliliwakilisha jimbo hilo kama Naibu Luteni (Deputy Lieutenant) kuanzia mwaka 1983.<ref>{{Citation|title=Page 5981 {{!}} Issue 49338, 3 May 1983 {{!}} London Gazett...|url=https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/49338/page/5981|work=The Gazette|language=en-GB|access-date=2026-05-25}}</ref> == Makazi == Katika miaka yake ya baadaye, aliishi kwenye nyumba ya familia huko Plas Llwyngwern, karibu na mji wa Machynlleth. == Familia == Mnamo tarehe 26 Juni 1951, alimuoa Audrey Lilian Christie Hickling, binti wa Edward Thomas Hickling, na kwa pamoja walipata watoto sita (wavulana watano na msichana mmoja): * Ralph Wentworth Christopher Beaumont (alizaliwa 4 Aprili 1952) * Nigel Canning Vane Beaumont (alizaliwa 9 Januari 1954) * Andrew John Blackett Beaumont (alizaliwa 27 Machi 1956) * Louise Christine Winsmore Beaumont (alizaliwa 27 Machi 1956) * Hugh Edward Stewart Beaumont (alizaliwa 31 Machi 1959) * Peter John Tempest Beaumont (alizaliwa 29 Desemba 1964) == Kifo == Beaumont alifariki akiwa na [[umri]] wa miaka 65 huko Wales.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Person Page|url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p533.htm#i5328|work=www.thepeerage.com|accessdate=2026-05-25}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1927]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1992]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Zimbabwe]] f7n6t65oil37k8kif62oir83rjulgqh Thomas Stothard 0 238552 1550121 2026-05-25T04:14:23Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Thomas Stothard''' ([[Agosti 17]], [[1755]] – [[Aprili 27]], [[1834]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]], na [[mchongaji]] wa [[Uingereza]].Alichaguliwa kuwa mwanachama wa ''Royal Academy (RA)'' mwaka [[1794]] na baadaye akahudumu kama msimamizi wa maktaba ya Academy mwaka [[1812]].<ref> {{cite book|last =Landon|first=Letitia Elizabeth|title=Literary Gazette, 1823|url=https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=Hnf0zPHgVnEC&pg=GBS.PA506|year=1823|section=Original poet...' 1550121 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thomas Stothard''' ([[Agosti 17]], [[1755]] – [[Aprili 27]], [[1834]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]], na [[mchongaji]] wa [[Uingereza]].Alichaguliwa kuwa mwanachama wa ''Royal Academy (RA)'' mwaka [[1794]] na baadaye akahudumu kama msimamizi wa maktaba ya Academy mwaka [[1812]].<ref> {{cite book|last =Landon|first=Letitia Elizabeth|title=Literary Gazette, 1823|url=https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=Hnf0zPHgVnEC&pg=GBS.PA506|year=1823|section=Original poetry|page=507|publisher=The Proprietors, Literary Gazette Office, Strand.}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachongaji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1755]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1834]] ssdpj3pinazo1j6ruvecljc2ynfnwa6 Martin Snape 0 238553 1550123 2026-05-25T04:27:22Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Martin Snape''' ([[Desemba 31]], [[1852]] – [[Novemba 24]], [[1930]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] wa [[Uingereza]] wa enzi ya [[Malkia Victoria]] na [[Edward VII]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gva.org.uk/contact/|title=Contact – Gosport Voluntary Action}}</ref>. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1852]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1930]]' 1550123 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Martin Snape''' ([[Desemba 31]], [[1852]] – [[Novemba 24]], [[1930]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] wa [[Uingereza]] wa enzi ya [[Malkia Victoria]] na [[Edward VII]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gva.org.uk/contact/|title=Contact – Gosport Voluntary Action}}</ref>. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1852]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1930]] mnazh05nr79egvopqwjjoz7z1pgrxis Mary Shepard 0 238554 1550127 2026-05-25T04:43:05Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mary Eleanor Jessie Knox''' ([[Desemba 25]], [[1909]] – [[Septemba 4]], [[2000]]), aliyejulikana kwa jina la '''Mary Shepard''', alikuwa [[mchoraji]] picha nchini [[Uingereza]] wa vitabu vya watoto.Alijulikana zaidi kwa mfululizo wa hadithi za ''Mary Poppins'' zilizoandikwa na [[P. L. Travers]] ([[1934]] hadi [[1988]]).<ref name = ODNB>{{cite ODNB|title = Shepard [married name Knox], Mary Eleanor Jessy (1909–2000), artist and illustrator|last = Stea...' 1550127 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mary Eleanor Jessie Knox''' ([[Desemba 25]], [[1909]] – [[Septemba 4]], [[2000]]), aliyejulikana kwa jina la '''Mary Shepard''', alikuwa [[mchoraji]] picha nchini [[Uingereza]] wa vitabu vya watoto.Alijulikana zaidi kwa mfululizo wa hadithi za ''Mary Poppins'' zilizoandikwa na [[P. L. Travers]] ([[1934]] hadi [[1988]]).<ref name = ODNB>{{cite ODNB|title = Shepard [married name Knox], Mary Eleanor Jessy (1909–2000), artist and illustrator|last = Stearn|first = Roger T.|date = 2004|doi = 10.1093/ref:odnb/74628}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1909]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2000]] 57j2j5a0yabtaes4nxb326sbarom1k2 1550129 1550127 2026-05-25T04:43:39Z Ally0111 85292 1550129 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mary Eleanor Jessie Knox''' ([[Desemba 25]], [[1909]] – [[Septemba 4]], [[2000]]), aliyejulikana kwa jina la '''Mary Shepard''', alikuwa [[mchoraji]] picha nchini [[Uingereza]] wa vitabu vya watoto.Alijulikana zaidi kwa mfululizo wa hadithi za ''Mary Poppins'' zilizoandikwa na [[P. L. Travers]] ([[1934]] hadi [[1988]]).<ref>{{cite web |title=Shepard, Mary E. |url=https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=au=%22Shepard,%20Mary%20E.%22 |website=www.worldcat.org |publisher=[[WorldCat]]}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1909]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2000]] 42d8bipmwaescyjjygzt6084agn772o Alexey Kazannik 0 238555 1550133 2026-05-25T05:26:38Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Alexey Ivanovich Kazannik''' (26 Julai 1941 – 2 Juni 2019) alikuwa mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi|Urusi.]] == Wasifu == Kazannik alizaliwa mnamo tarehe 26 Julai 1941 katika kijiji cha Perepis, ambacho wakati huo kilikuwa sehemu ya [[Jamhuri ya Kisovieti ya Kijamii ya Kiukraine|RSS ya Ukraine]], katika familia kubwa ya wakulima wenye asili ya [[Ukraini]].<ref name="vas">{{cite book |last1=Vasilevskiĭ |first1=Andreĭ |title=Кто есть кт...' 1550133 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alexey Ivanovich Kazannik''' (26 Julai 1941 – 2 Juni 2019) alikuwa mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi|Urusi.]] == Wasifu == Kazannik alizaliwa mnamo tarehe 26 Julai 1941 katika kijiji cha Perepis, ambacho wakati huo kilikuwa sehemu ya [[Jamhuri ya Kisovieti ya Kijamii ya Kiukraine|RSS ya Ukraine]], katika familia kubwa ya wakulima wenye asili ya [[Ukraini]].<ref name="vas">{{cite book |last1=Vasilevskiĭ |first1=Andreĭ |title=Кто есть кто в российской политике: З-П |date=1993 |publisher=Panorama |isbn=978-5-85895-006-6 |page=256 |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81/9IsaAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B9+%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87+%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA+%C2%AB26+%D0%B8%D1%8E%D0%BB%D1%8F+1941+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%C2%BB&dq=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B9+%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87+%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA+%C2%AB26+%D0%B8%D1%8E%D0%BB%D1%8F+1941+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%C2%BB&printsec=frontcover |access-date=25 April 2025 |language=ru}}</ref> Muda mfupi baadaye alipoteza baba yake na kaka zake wawili wakubwa, waliofariki katika Mstari wa Mbele wa Mashariki Vita Kuu ya II ya Duni na Mstari wa Mbele wa Mashariki wakati wa Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya Dunia|Vita Kuu ya Pili ya Dunia]].<ref name="vas" /> Mama yake alimlea peke yake pamoja na ndugu zake wengine watatu waliobaki wakati wa [[Reichskommissariat Ukraine|uvamizi wa Nazi nchini Ukraine]].<ref name="vas" /> Mnamo mwaka 1959, alihamia katika [[Jamhuri ya Kisovieti ya Kijamii ya Kikazaki|RSS ya Kazakh]] ambako alifanya kazi kama seremala katika idara ya ujenzi ya "Zhilstroy" chini ya shirika la Kazmetallurgstory mjini [[Temirtau]].<ref name="kv">{{Cite web|url=http://kvnews.ru/people/k/488/|title=Казанник Алексей Иванович|language=ru|date=19 November 2008|website=KVnews.ru|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111122232955/http://kvnews.ru/people/k/488/|archive-date=22 November 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> Kazannik alikuja kueleza baadaye kuwa uamuzi wake wa kuwa mwanasheria ulitokana na kipindi chake cha kazi nchini Kazakhstan, baada ya kushuhudia ghasia kubwa za wafanyakazi wa ndani mnamo mwaka 1959 zilizoelekezwa dhidi ya kiwanda cha madini, ambazo zilizimwa haraka na mamlaka.<ref>{{cite news |title=Темиртау: массовые беспорядки на целине |url=http://rusplt.ru/society/temirtau-massovyie-besporyadki-na-tseline.html |access-date=25 April 2025 |work=Общество |date=18 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170422140644/http://rusplt.ru/society/temirtau-massovyie-besporyadki-na-tseline.html |archive-date=2017-04-22}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka 1960, alihudumu katika [[Jeshi la Kisovieti]] kwenye kitengo cha [[uhandisi wa kijeshi]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Додонов |first1=Вячеслав Николаевич |last2=Кофанова |first2=Елена Николаевна |title=Современные российские юристы: кто есть кто в юридической науке и практике России : справочник |date=1997 |publisher=Славия |isbn=978-5-89642-002-6 |page=97 |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA/U1pMAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B9+%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87+%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA+%221960%22&dq=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B9+%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87+%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA+%221960%22&printsec=frontcover |access-date=25 April 2025 |language=ru}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1941|2019}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] lqz2xrd7cy9riw3atggqzf3n6oy6wtp Firdaus Khisamitdinova 0 238556 1550134 2026-05-25T05:29:33Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Firdaus Gilmitdnovna Khisamitdinova''' 1 Januari 1950 – 2 Oktoba 2023) alikuwa mwanasayansi wa lugha ([[mwanaasili-lugha]]) wa Kibashkir kutoka Urusi na mwanasiasa. Akiwa mwanachama wa zamani wa [[Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Umoja wa Kisovieti]], alihudumu kama [[Wizara ya Elimu (Bashkortostan)|Waziri wa Elimu wa Bashkortostan]] kuanzia mwaka 1995 hadi 1998.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rbwoman.ru/node/104|title=ХИСАМИТДИНОВА Фирдау...' 1550134 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Firdaus Gilmitdnovna Khisamitdinova''' 1 Januari 1950 – 2 Oktoba 2023) alikuwa mwanasayansi wa lugha ([[mwanaasili-lugha]]) wa Kibashkir kutoka Urusi na mwanasiasa. Akiwa mwanachama wa zamani wa [[Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Umoja wa Kisovieti]], alihudumu kama [[Wizara ya Elimu (Bashkortostan)|Waziri wa Elimu wa Bashkortostan]] kuanzia mwaka 1995 hadi 1998.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rbwoman.ru/node/104|title=ХИСАМИТДИНОВА Фирдаус Гильмитдиновна|work=rbwoman.ru|language=Russian|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130417113242/http://www.rbwoman.ru/node/104|archivedate=17 April 2013}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1950|2023}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] ih9hzqjho1ruyhnz2qtn0pk5bvje2uc 1550137 1550134 2026-05-25T05:32:52Z Egipa 87700 1550137 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Firdaus Gilmitdnovna Khisamitdinova''' 1 Januari 1950 – 2 Oktoba 2023) alikuwa mwanasayansi wa lugha ([[mwanaasili-lugha]]) wa Kibashkir kutoka [[Urusi]] na mwanasiasa. Akiwa mwanachama wa zamani wa [[Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Umoja wa Kisovieti]], alihudumu kama [[Wizara ya Elimu (Bashkortostan)|Waziri wa Elimu wa Bashkortostan]] kuanzia mwaka 1995 hadi 1998.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rbwoman.ru/node/104|title=ХИСАМИТДИНОВА Фирдаус Гильмитдиновна|work=rbwoman.ru|language=Russian|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130417113242/http://www.rbwoman.ru/node/104|archivedate=17 April 2013}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1950|2023}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] 2e1r2p97rvgjnxtbea40jmmu0qbxvdh Georgy Khizha 0 238557 1550136 2026-05-25T05:31:49Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Georgy Stepanovich Khizha''' (alizaliwa 2 Mei 1938) ni mwanasiasa na meneja wa biashara wa [[Urusi]] ambaye alikuwa mmoja wa [[Naibu Waziri Mkuu wa Urusi|Naibu Wenyeviti wa Serikali ya Shirikisho la Urusi]] katika miaka ya mapema ya utawala wa [[Rais wa Urusi|Rais]] [[Boris Yeltsin]]. == Kazi ya mapema == Akiwa meneja wa kiwanda, Khizha alipewa jukumu la kuongoza kampuni ya [[Svetlana (kampuni)|Svetlana]] mnamo mwaka 1990. PJSC Svetlana (kwa Kirusi:...' 1550136 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Georgy Stepanovich Khizha''' (alizaliwa 2 Mei 1938) ni mwanasiasa na meneja wa biashara wa [[Urusi]] ambaye alikuwa mmoja wa [[Naibu Waziri Mkuu wa Urusi|Naibu Wenyeviti wa Serikali ya Shirikisho la Urusi]] katika miaka ya mapema ya utawala wa [[Rais wa Urusi|Rais]] [[Boris Yeltsin]]. == Kazi ya mapema == Akiwa meneja wa kiwanda, Khizha alipewa jukumu la kuongoza kampuni ya [[Svetlana (kampuni)|Svetlana]] mnamo mwaka 1990. PJSC Svetlana (kwa Kirusi: ПАО «Светлана») ni kampuni yenye makao yake makuu mjini [[Saint Petersburg]], Urusi. Inajihusisha hasa na utafiti, usanifu, na utengenezaji wa vifaa vya kielektroniki na mikoroelektroniki (microelectronic instruments). Svetlana ni sehemu ya shirika la [[Ruselectronics]]. Jina la kampuni hiyo linasemekana kutokana na maneno ya Kirusi yanayomaanisha 'mwanga wa taa ya umeme' (световые лампочки накаливания). Kuanzia mwaka 1991 hadi 1992, alihudumu kama naibu meya wa jiji hilo chini ya [[Anatoly Sobchak]], na alithibitisha kuwa msimamizi mwenye uwezo mkubwa.<ref>[[#Medvedev2002|Medvedev (2002)]], p. 27</ref><ref name="gaidar">[[#Gaidar1999|Gaidar (1999)]], p. 173</ref><ref>Shogren, Elizabeth (29 September 1992). [https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1992-09-29-wr-177-story.html Next Step : Russia Mixing Business With Politics : The influential industrialist class emerges as a powerful voice in the new order]. ''[[Los Angeles Times]]''. Retrieved 6 September 2017.</ref><ref>Erlanger, Steven (27 April 1992). [https://www.nytimes.com/1992/04/27/world/in-st-petersburg-a-fight-over-power-and-property.html In St. Petersburg, a Fight Over Power and Property]. ''[[The New York Times]]''. Retrieved 6 September 2017.</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1938||}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] kowj3n4rhb07btfwpy0hochzuj7kl0z Vladimir Kinelyov 0 238558 1550138 2026-05-25T05:37:26Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Vladimir Georgiyevich Kinelyov''' (alizaliwa 28 Januari 1945) alikuwa profesa na mwanasiasa wa zamani wa [[Urusi]]. Alikuwa [[Wizara ya Elimu na Sayansi (Urusi)|Waziri wa Elimu]] na [[Naibu Waziri Mkuu wa Urusi|Naibu Mwenyekiti wa Serikali ya Shirikisho la Urusi]] anayeshughulikia elimu na sayansi katika miaka ya 1990, chini ya [[Rais wa Urusi|Rais]] [[Boris Yeltsin]]. == Serikalini == Alihudumu kama naibu waziri mkuu mnamo mwaka 1996<ref>[https://www....' 1550138 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vladimir Georgiyevich Kinelyov''' (alizaliwa 28 Januari 1945) alikuwa profesa na mwanasiasa wa zamani wa [[Urusi]]. Alikuwa [[Wizara ya Elimu na Sayansi (Urusi)|Waziri wa Elimu]] na [[Naibu Waziri Mkuu wa Urusi|Naibu Mwenyekiti wa Serikali ya Shirikisho la Urusi]] anayeshughulikia elimu na sayansi katika miaka ya 1990, chini ya [[Rais wa Urusi|Rais]] [[Boris Yeltsin]]. == Serikalini == Alihudumu kama naibu waziri mkuu mnamo mwaka 1996<ref>[https://www.greenleft.org.au/content/russian-teachers-miners-walk-out Russian teachers, miners walk out]. Green Left Weekly. Published 14 February 1996. Retrieved 17 February 2018.</ref> na alikuwa waziri wa elimu wa Urusi kuanzia mwaka 1996<ref>[https://www.psyoffice.ru/6-1041-kinel-v-vladimir-georgievich.htm КИНЕЛЁВ Владимир Георгиевич]</ref> hadi mwaka 1998.<ref>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/longterm/russiagov/stories/three030198.htm News in Brief: Yeltsin Fires Three More Officials]. ''[[The Washington Post]]''. Published 1 March 1998. Retrieved 17 February 2018.</ref><ref>[https://www.rferl.org/a/1088067.html Russia: Yeltsin Replaces Fired Ministers]. [[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty]]. Published 2 March 1998. Retrieved 17 February 2018.</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1945||}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Wanasayansi wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] 6gsnrssag7yqe063t1mlapbjnwoeuke Gennady Konyakhin 0 238559 1550139 2026-05-25T05:40:06Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Gennady Vladimirovich Konyakhin''' ( alizaliwa 25 Aprili 1959)<ref>[https://opko42.ru/gkonyahin/ Konyakhin Gennady Vladimirovich]</ref> ni mfanyabiashara na mwanasiasa wa zamani wa [[Urusi]]. Alichaguliwa kuwa meya wa mji wa wachimbaji madini wa [[Leninsk-Kuznetsky (mji)|Leninsk-Kuznetsky]] uliopo katika [[Ukanda wa Kiuchumi wa Siberia Magharibi]] mnamo Aprili 1997. Alipata umaarufu nchini kote Urusi baada ya machapisho katika gazeti la [[Izvestia]], a...' 1550139 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gennady Vladimirovich Konyakhin''' ( alizaliwa 25 Aprili 1959)<ref>[https://opko42.ru/gkonyahin/ Konyakhin Gennady Vladimirovich]</ref> ni mfanyabiashara na mwanasiasa wa zamani wa [[Urusi]]. Alichaguliwa kuwa meya wa mji wa wachimbaji madini wa [[Leninsk-Kuznetsky (mji)|Leninsk-Kuznetsky]] uliopo katika [[Ukanda wa Kiuchumi wa Siberia Magharibi]] mnamo Aprili 1997. Alipata umaarufu nchini kote Urusi baada ya machapisho katika gazeti la [[Izvestia]], ambapo alihusishwa na makundi ya wahalifu.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.city-n.ru/view/201931.html|title=Konyakhin defends his thesis|language=ru|date=2011-11-17}}</ref> Rais wa Urusi [[Boris Yeltsin]] alitolea mfano wa kuchaguliwa kwa Konyakhin kama kielelezo cha "juhudi za majambazi kutafuta madaraka."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/184776|title=President wants to change the law to remove mayor of Leninsk-Kuznetsky|language=ru|website=[[Kommersant]]|date=1997-09-30}}</ref> Konyakhin alikamatwa tarehe 8 Oktoba 1997 mjini Moscow na kushtakiwa kwa ubadhirifu wa fedha za serikali.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.jamestown.org/single/?no_cache=1&tx_ttnews&#91;tt_news&#93;=20247&tx_ttnews&#91;backPid&#93;=211 |title=SIBERIAN MAYOR ARRESTED |date=October 9, 1997}}</ref> Mnamo tarehe 18 Novemba 1998, alipewa hukumu ya kifungo cha nje cha miaka minne (suspended sentence).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://dlib.eastview.com/browse/doc/13567298 |title=THE CONTRACT FAILED. NOW WHAT? For Now, Former Leninsk-Kuznetsky Mayor Gennady Konyakhin Plans to Return Only to Business |date=December 23, 1998 |author=Yevgenia Ivankova}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1959||}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] fp2gtnpuop8vu11g5klk0hqm0g6mvui Valery Komissarov 0 238560 1550141 2026-05-25T05:44:09Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Valery Yakovlevich Komissarov''' ( alizaliwa 12 Aprili 1965) ni mtangazaji, mtayarishaji, mwongozaji, na mwandishi wa skripti wa vipindi vingi vya televisheni. Gazeti la Financial Times lilimwita “baba wa vipindi vya uhalisia vya [[Urusi]]" (father of Russian reality show).<ref>{{Cite news |date=2011-12-16 |title=Mother of all TV shows |work=Financial Times |url=https://www.ft.com/content/52946642-2608-11e1-856e-00144feabdc0 |access-date=2022-04-18}}<...' 1550141 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Valery Yakovlevich Komissarov''' ( alizaliwa 12 Aprili 1965) ni mtangazaji, mtayarishaji, mwongozaji, na mwandishi wa skripti wa vipindi vingi vya televisheni. Gazeti la Financial Times lilimwita “baba wa vipindi vya uhalisia vya [[Urusi]]" (father of Russian reality show).<ref>{{Cite news |date=2011-12-16 |title=Mother of all TV shows |work=Financial Times |url=https://www.ft.com/content/52946642-2608-11e1-856e-00144feabdc0 |access-date=2022-04-18}}</ref> Ni mwanachama wa zamani wa chama cha [[Urusi ya Pamoja]] (United Russia), na mbunge wa zamani wa [[Duma ya Serikali]] (1999–2011). == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1965||}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] bv45piwz47ifgoe1ofaicd9gcf7bv9f Trond Dolva 0 238561 1550142 2026-05-25T05:46:01Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Trond Dolva''' (13 Julai 1934 – 11 Desemba 2022) alikuwa jaji wa [[Norwei|Norway]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=Norske dommere til Bosnia |url=[https://www.vg.no/i/yvR0aa](https://www.vg.no/i/yvR0aa) |access-date=2022-06-10 |work=VG |language=nb}}</ref> Alizaliwa katika Kongsberg. Alifanya kazi kama naibu mkurugenzi katika Wizara ya Sheria na Polisi ya Norway kuanzia mwaka 1976, kisha akawa jaji mkuu katika Mahakama ya Rufaa ya Eidsivating kuanzia 1980, na...' 1550142 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Trond Dolva''' (13 Julai 1934 – 11 Desemba 2022) alikuwa jaji wa [[Norwei|Norway]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=Norske dommere til Bosnia |url=[https://www.vg.no/i/yvR0aa](https://www.vg.no/i/yvR0aa) |access-date=2022-06-10 |work=VG |language=nb}}</ref> Alizaliwa katika Kongsberg. Alifanya kazi kama naibu mkurugenzi katika Wizara ya Sheria na Polisi ya Norway kuanzia mwaka 1976, kisha akawa jaji mkuu katika Mahakama ya Rufaa ya Eidsivating kuanzia 1980, na baadaye jaji wa Mahakama Kuu ya Norway kuanzia 1984 hadi 2004.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Trond Dolva|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|url=[http://www.snl.no/Trond%20Dolva|language=no|accessdate=25](http://www.snl.no/Trond%20Dolva|language=no|accessdate=25) November 2010}}</ref> Akiwa anaishi Asker, alikuwa kiongozi wa skauti katika eneo hilo. Alikuwa ameoa na alikuwa na watoto watatu. Alifariki akiwa na umri wa miaka 88.<ref>{{cite news|title=Trond Dolva til minne|author=Dahl, Nils Johan|language=no|work=[[Budstikka]]|date=31 December 2022|page=26}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1934|2022}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 1rdloasblrlxcxql8kmau5450hww58e Oleg Kovalyov (mwanasiasa) 0 238562 1550143 2026-05-25T05:47:27Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Oleg Ivanovich Kovalyov''' ( 7 Septemba 1948 – 11 Mei 2020)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ya62.ru/news/politics/smi_umer_eks_gubernator_ryazanskoy_oblasti_oleg_kovalev/|title=Умер экс-губернатор Рязанской области Олег Ковалев|trans-title=Oleg Kovalyov, ex-governor of the Ryazan region, has died|date=11 May 2020|website=ya62.ru|language=Russian|access-date=11 May 2020|archive-date=11 May 2020|archive-url=https:/...' 1550143 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Oleg Ivanovich Kovalyov''' ( 7 Septemba 1948 – 11 Mei 2020)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ya62.ru/news/politics/smi_umer_eks_gubernator_ryazanskoy_oblasti_oleg_kovalev/|title=Умер экс-губернатор Рязанской области Олег Ковалев|trans-title=Oleg Kovalyov, ex-governor of the Ryazan region, has died|date=11 May 2020|website=ya62.ru|language=Russian|access-date=11 May 2020|archive-date=11 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200511124924/https://ya62.ru/news/politics/smi_umer_eks_gubernator_ryazanskoy_oblasti_oleg_kovalev/|url-status=dead}}</ref> alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]] alihudumu kama gavana wa [[Mkoa wa Ryazan]] (Ryazan Oblast) kuanzia mwaka 2008 hadi 2017. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1948|2020}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] 7rtfbqqb0einl3c6nnvzk9kxukdbgbz Kjell Eide 0 238563 1550144 2026-05-25T05:49:57Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Kjell Eide''' (15 Septemba 1925 – 29 Oktoba 2011) alikuwa mtumishi wa umma kutoka [[Norway]] na mwanauchumi wa kijamii (social economist). Alizaliwa katika mji wa Ås, akiwa mwana wa Erling Eide. Kitaaluma alikuwa mwanauchumi, na kati ya 1961 hadi 1964 alifanya kazi katika Shirika la Ushirikiano wa Kiuchumi na Maendeleo (OECD). Kuanzia 1964 hadi 1995 alikuwa mkurugenzi mkuu (ekspedisjonssjef) katika Wizara ya Elimu na Masuala ya Kanisa ya Norway. Pia...' 1550144 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kjell Eide''' (15 Septemba 1925 – 29 Oktoba 2011) alikuwa mtumishi wa umma kutoka [[Norway]] na mwanauchumi wa kijamii (social economist). Alizaliwa katika mji wa Ås, akiwa mwana wa Erling Eide. Kitaaluma alikuwa mwanauchumi, na kati ya 1961 hadi 1964 alifanya kazi katika Shirika la Ushirikiano wa Kiuchumi na Maendeleo (OECD). Kuanzia 1964 hadi 1995 alikuwa mkurugenzi mkuu (ekspedisjonssjef) katika Wizara ya Elimu na Masuala ya Kanisa ya Norway. Pia alihudumu kama naibu katibu katika Ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu wa Norway (Statsministerens kontor) katika serikali ya Einar Gerhardsen. Aidha, Eide aliandika vitabu kadhaa kuhusu elimu na sera za umma. Alifariki Oktoba 2011.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Kjell Eide|encyclopedia=Store norske leksikon|url=[https://snl.no/Kjell_Eide}}](https://snl.no/Kjell_Eide}})</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Kjell Eide|encyclopedia=Wikipedia (English)|url=[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kjell_Eide}}](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kjell_Eide}})</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1925|2011}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 587ifxh8lpu5wemzz6yn1ee60tyh20i Vladimir Lopukhin 0 238564 1550145 2026-05-25T05:50:12Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Vladimir Mikhailovich Lopukhin''' (23 Mei 1952 – 26 Mei 2020) alikuwa mwanasiasa na mwanauchumi wa [[Urusi]]. Alihudumu kama [[Wizara ya Nishati (Urusi)|Waziri wa Kwanza wa Mafuta na Nishati wa Shirikisho la Urusi]] kuanzia mwaka 1991 hadi 1992.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.svoboda.org/a/30634900.html|title=Первый министр топлива и энергетики России умер от коронавируса|website=Радио Св...' 1550145 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vladimir Mikhailovich Lopukhin''' (23 Mei 1952 – 26 Mei 2020) alikuwa mwanasiasa na mwanauchumi wa [[Urusi]]. Alihudumu kama [[Wizara ya Nishati (Urusi)|Waziri wa Kwanza wa Mafuta na Nishati wa Shirikisho la Urusi]] kuanzia mwaka 1991 hadi 1992.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.svoboda.org/a/30634900.html|title=Первый министр топлива и энергетики России умер от коронавируса|website=Радио Свобода|date=26 May 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://apa.az/en/cis-countries-news/Former-first-Russian-Minister-of-fuel-and-energy-Vladimir-Lopukhin-dies-of-coronavirus-321705|title=Former first Russian Minister of fuel and energy Vladimir Lopukhin dies of coronavirus|date=26 May 2020|website=apa.az}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1952|2020}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] 0igthk5dejzg605riji8978lgw5pep4 Leif Edwardsen 0 238565 1550146 2026-05-25T05:52:06Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Leif Edward Edwardsen''' (20 Desemba 1922 – 13 Agosti 2002) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia wa [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alizaliwa katika Mandal.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Leif Edwardsen|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|url=[http://www.snl.no/Leif_Edwardsen|language=no|access-date=28](http://www.snl.no/Leif_Edwardsen|language=no|access-date=28) May 2011}}</ref> Alimaliza elimu ya sekondari mwaka 1942. Wak...' 1550146 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Leif Edward Edwardsen''' (20 Desemba 1922 – 13 Agosti 2002) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia wa [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alizaliwa katika Mandal.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Leif Edwardsen|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|url=[http://www.snl.no/Leif_Edwardsen|language=no|access-date=28](http://www.snl.no/Leif_Edwardsen|language=no|access-date=28) May 2011}}</ref> Alimaliza elimu ya sekondari mwaka 1942. Wakati wa Vita Kuu ya Pili ya Dunia alisoma chuo kabla ya vyuo kufungwa; baadaye alifanya kazi kama mwandishi wa habari katika gazeti la ''Morgenbladet'' miongoni mwa kazi nyingine. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1922|2002}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 0hmsfwnysnq3rj93n39hvzwjpab8ohy Yury Luzhkov 0 238566 1550147 2026-05-25T05:53:13Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Yury Mikhailovich Luzhkov''' (21 Septemba 1936 – 10 Desemba 2019) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]] alihudumu kama [[Meya wa Moscow]] kuanzia mwaka 1992 hadi 2010. Kabla ya kuchaguliwa kwa [[Gavriil Kharitonovich Popov|Gavriil Popov]] kama meya wa kwanza wa Moscow, yeye pia aliongoza mji huo mkuu katika miaka ya 1990–1991 kama mwenyekiti wa Mosgorispolkom. Alikuwa makamu wa mwenyekiti na mmoja wa waasisi wa chama tawala cha [[Urusi ya Pamoja]] (United...' 1550147 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yury Mikhailovich Luzhkov''' (21 Septemba 1936 – 10 Desemba 2019) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]] alihudumu kama [[Meya wa Moscow]] kuanzia mwaka 1992 hadi 2010. Kabla ya kuchaguliwa kwa [[Gavriil Kharitonovich Popov|Gavriil Popov]] kama meya wa kwanza wa Moscow, yeye pia aliongoza mji huo mkuu katika miaka ya 1990–1991 kama mwenyekiti wa Mosgorispolkom. Alikuwa makamu wa mwenyekiti na mmoja wa waasisi wa chama tawala cha [[Urusi ya Pamoja]] (United Russia). Wakati wa uongozi wa Luzhkov, uchumi wa Moscow ulipanuka na alisimamia miradi mikubwa ya ujenzi jijini humo, ikiwa ni pamoja na ujenzi wa eneo jipya la kifedha (financial district). Wakati huo huo, alituhumiwa kwa ufisadi, kubomoa majengo ya kihistoria, usimamizi mbovu wa foleni za magari, pamoja na mgogoro wa moshi mzito wa uchafuzi wa mazingira (smog crisis) wakati wa [[Moto wa nyikani wa Urusi wa 2010]]. Mnamo tarehe 28 Septemba 2010, Luzhkov alifutwa kazi na aliyekuwa [[Rais wa Urusi|Rais]] [[Dmitry Medvedev]] kupitia [[Aka ya Rais wa Urusi| those agizo la rais]].<ref name="ukaz2010">[http://graph.document.kremlin.ru/page.aspx?1;1299020 Указ о досрочном прекращении полномочий мэра Москвы] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101008054411/http://graph.document.kremlin.ru/page.aspx?1%3B1299020 |date=8 October 2010 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1936|2019}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] dictot5rtigzd1esv63tj9i145fs9kp Else Berit Eikeland 0 238567 1550148 2026-05-25T05:54:33Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Else Berit Eikeland''' (amezaliwa 22 Oktoba 1957) ni mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norway]]. Alianza kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1987. Alipandishwa cheo kuwa naibu mkurugenzi mwaka 1998, kisha akahudumu kama mshauri wa ubalozi katika Ubalozi wa Norway nchini Uingereza (London) kuanzia 2004 hadi 2006. Baada ya kurejea katika wizara, alifanya kazi kama mshauri mkuu na baadaye mkuu wa idara. Kuanzia 2009 hadi 2012 alikuwa balozi wa Norw...' 1550148 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Else Berit Eikeland''' (amezaliwa 22 Oktoba 1957) ni mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norway]]. Alianza kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1987. Alipandishwa cheo kuwa naibu mkurugenzi mwaka 1998, kisha akahudumu kama mshauri wa ubalozi katika Ubalozi wa Norway nchini Uingereza (London) kuanzia 2004 hadi 2006. Baada ya kurejea katika wizara, alifanya kazi kama mshauri mkuu na baadaye mkuu wa idara. Kuanzia 2009 hadi 2012 alikuwa balozi wa Norway nchini [[Canada]], kisha kuanzia 2013 hadi 2016 alikuwa mshauri wa masuala ya ncha za dunia (polar affairs) na balozi wa Norway katika Baraza la Aktiki (Arctic Council). Kuanzia 2016 hadi 2020 alikuwa balozi wa Norway nchini [[Ireland]], na baadaye balozi nchini [[Estonia]].<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Else Berit Eikeland|encyclopedia=Store norske leksikon|url=[https://snl.no/Else_Berit_Eikeland}}](https://snl.no/Else_Berit_Eikeland}})</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Else Berit Eikeland|encyclopedia=Wikipedia|url=[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Else_Berit_Eikeland}}](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Else_Berit_Eikeland}})</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1957|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 15jjl8pu09340lgvh5sggvaoc262vof Evgeny Lyubivyi 0 238568 1550149 2026-05-25T05:55:27Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Yevgeny Dmitrievich Lyubivy''' (3 Aprili 1974 – 8 Januari 2026) alikuwa mwanasiasa na daktari wa [[Urusi]]. == Maisha na kazi == Lyubivy alizaliwa mjini [[Alexeyevka, Mkoa wa Belgorod|Alexeyevka]], katika [[Mkoa wa Belgorod]] mnamo tarehe 3 Aprili 1974. Kuanzia mwaka 2018, alikuwa mtaalamu mkuu wa kujitegemea na daktari wa upasuaji wa Wizara ya Afya ya [[Mkoa wa Kaliningrad]], pamoja na kuwa mratibu wa mradi wa "Wakati Ujao Wenye Afya" (Healthy Futur...' 1550149 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yevgeny Dmitrievich Lyubivy''' (3 Aprili 1974 – 8 Januari 2026) alikuwa mwanasiasa na daktari wa [[Urusi]]. == Maisha na kazi == Lyubivy alizaliwa mjini [[Alexeyevka, Mkoa wa Belgorod|Alexeyevka]], katika [[Mkoa wa Belgorod]] mnamo tarehe 3 Aprili 1974. Kuanzia mwaka 2018, alikuwa mtaalamu mkuu wa kujitegemea na daktari wa upasuaji wa Wizara ya Afya ya [[Mkoa wa Kaliningrad]], pamoja na kuwa mratibu wa mradi wa "Wakati Ujao Wenye Afya" (Healthy Future) kupitia chama cha [[Urusi ya Pamoja]] (United Russia) katika mkoa huo.<ref>{{Cite news |date=29 October 2021 |title=Главой Калининграда стал главврач городской больницы Евгений Любивый |url=https://ria.ru/20211008/kaliningrad-1753670105.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211029165941/https://ria.ru/20211008/kaliningrad-1753670105.html |archive-date=29 October 2021 |access-date=10 January 2026 |work=РИА Новости |language=ru-RU}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1974|2026}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] 1b67sbxpjygpa08lych6go2pglwlpqr Valery Makharadze 0 238569 1550150 2026-05-25T05:58:00Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Valery Antonovich Makharadze''' (5 Machi 1940 – 15 Novemba 2008) alikuwa mwanasiasa nchini [[Urusi]] aliyeshika nyadhifa kadhaa za juu wakati wa [[Urais wa Boris Yeltsin|urais]] wa [[Boris Yeltsin]], ikiwa ni pamoja na [[Naibu Waziri Mkuu wa Urusi|naibu waziri mkuu]]. Aliondolewa katika nafasi hiyo ya mwisho kufuatia kuvunjwa kwa Baraza la Mawaziri la Boris Yeltsin na Yegor Gaidar na kuundwa kwa Baraza la Kwanza la Mawaziri la Viktor Chernomyrdin|bara...' 1550150 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Valery Antonovich Makharadze''' (5 Machi 1940 – 15 Novemba 2008) alikuwa mwanasiasa nchini [[Urusi]] aliyeshika nyadhifa kadhaa za juu wakati wa [[Urais wa Boris Yeltsin|urais]] wa [[Boris Yeltsin]], ikiwa ni pamoja na [[Naibu Waziri Mkuu wa Urusi|naibu waziri mkuu]]. Aliondolewa katika nafasi hiyo ya mwisho kufuatia kuvunjwa kwa Baraza la Mawaziri la Boris Yeltsin na Yegor Gaidar na kuundwa kwa Baraza la Kwanza la Mawaziri la Viktor Chernomyrdin|baraza la kwanza la mawaziri la [[Viktor Chernomyrdin]]. == Kazi serikalini == Chini ya utawala wa Umoja wa Kisovieti (USSR), Makharadze alihudumu kama mwenyekiti wa baraza la [[Mkoa wa Volgograd]] (Volgograd Oblast soviet).<ref name="friedgut">[[#Friedgut1994|Friedgut (1994)]], p. 254</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1940|2008}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] jlqna18sqfrue1negk6kyytvufbi2fd Ludvig Enge 0 238570 1550151 2026-05-25T05:58:51Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ludvig Elmar Hegge Olsen Enge''' (11 Septemba 1878 – 16 Agosti 1953) alikuwa mtumishi wa umma na mwanasiasa kutoka [[Norway]] wa Chama cha Wafanyakazi cha Norway. Alikuwa mbunge, meya na pia mkuu wa utawala wa manispaa ya Sarpsborg. == Maisha ya awali na kazi == Alizaliwa katika Vik i Helgeland akiwa mwana wa mvuvi Ole Peder Olsen Enge (1845–1930) na Kristine Johanna Johansen (1845–1878), na alikuwa binamu wa Cornelius Lind Enge. Alifanya kazi y...' 1550151 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ludvig Elmar Hegge Olsen Enge''' (11 Septemba 1878 – 16 Agosti 1953) alikuwa mtumishi wa umma na mwanasiasa kutoka [[Norway]] wa Chama cha Wafanyakazi cha Norway. Alikuwa mbunge, meya na pia mkuu wa utawala wa manispaa ya Sarpsborg. == Maisha ya awali na kazi == Alizaliwa katika Vik i Helgeland akiwa mwana wa mvuvi Ole Peder Olsen Enge (1845–1930) na Kristine Johanna Johansen (1845–1878), na alikuwa binamu wa Cornelius Lind Enge. Alifanya kazi ya uvuvi na kazi za shambani hadi alipofikisha umri wa miaka ishirini. Mwaka 1899 alihamia Sarpsborg ambapo alifanya kazi kama fundi wa umeme katika kampuni ya Borregaard.<ref name=nsd>{{cite web|url=[http://www.nsd.uib.no/polsys/index.cfm?urlname=storting&lan=&MenuItem=N1_1&ChildItem=&State=collapse&UttakNr=33&person=10697|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120612094308/http://www.nsd.uib.no/polsys/index.cfm?urlname=storting&lan=&MenuItem=N1_1&ChildItem=&State=collapse&UttakNr=33&person=10697|url-status=dead|archive-date=June](http://www.nsd.uib.no/polsys/index.cfm?urlname=storting&lan=&MenuItem=N1_1&ChildItem=&State=collapse&UttakNr=33&person=10697|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120612094308/http://www.nsd.uib.no/polsys/index.cfm?urlname=storting&lan=&MenuItem=N1_1&ChildItem=&State=collapse&UttakNr=33&person=10697|url-status=dead|archive-date=June) 12, 2012|title=Ludvig Elmar Hegge Olsen Enge|publisher=Norwegian Social Science Data Services (NSD)|language=Norwegian|accessdate=12 October 2011}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1878|1953}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 6me7jgdxzq1m642oulh0gaxdqjhyoht Yuri Mamonov 0 238571 1550154 2026-05-25T06:01:37Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Yuri Vasilyevich Mamonov''' (18 Februari 1958 – 11 Juni 2022) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]]. Alihudumu kama Mbunge wa [[Duma ya Serikali]] katika [[Duma ya Serikali ya Awamu ya 3|awamu yake ya tatu]], kati ya mwaka 2000 na 2003. == Kazi == Mamonov alizaliwa katika [[Mkoa wa Moscow]] nchini [[Umoja wa Kisovieti]] mnamo tarehe 18 Februari 1958.<ref name="rn">{{cite web|url=http://runetbook.ru/catalog/mamonov-uriy-vasilevich|title= Мамонов Юр...' 1550154 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yuri Vasilyevich Mamonov''' (18 Februari 1958 – 11 Juni 2022) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]]. Alihudumu kama Mbunge wa [[Duma ya Serikali]] katika [[Duma ya Serikali ya Awamu ya 3|awamu yake ya tatu]], kati ya mwaka 2000 na 2003. == Kazi == Mamonov alizaliwa katika [[Mkoa wa Moscow]] nchini [[Umoja wa Kisovieti]] mnamo tarehe 18 Februari 1958.<ref name="rn">{{cite web|url=http://runetbook.ru/catalog/mamonov-uriy-vasilevich|title= Мамонов Юрий Васильевич |publisher=runetbook.ru|language=ru|access-date=12 June 2022}}</ref> Alihitimu kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Serikali cha Uhandisi wa Kilimo cha Moscow ({{ill|Moscow State University of Agroengineering|ru|Московский государственный агроинженерный университет имени В. П. Горячкина}}) mnamo mwaka 1980.<ref name="iz">{{cite web|url=https://iz.ru/1348375/2022-06-11/v-moskve-naiden-mertvym-eks-deputat-ot-ldpr-mamonov|title= В Москве найден мертвым экс-депутат от ЛДПР Мамонов|publisher=[[Izvestia]]|language=ru|date=11 June 2022|access-date=12 June 2022}}</ref><ref name="lab">{{cite web|url=https://www.labyrinth.ru/content/card.asp?cardid=56332|title=МАМОНОВ Юрий Васильевич|publisher=labyrinth.ru|language=ru|access-date=12 June 2022}}</ref> Alifanya kazi kama mwalimu kati ya mwaka 1980 na 1982, na alikuwa mwanachama wa [[Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Umoja wa Kisovieti]]. Kuanzia mwaka 1982 hadi 1988, alifanya kazi za chama na harakati za [[Komsomol]], na kisha kuanzia 1988 hadi 1994 alikuwa mkuu wa makanika na baadaye mhandisi mkuu wa shamba la majaribio la Ilyinskoye.<ref name="lab"/> Mnamo mwaka 1994, alikua Mkurugenzi Mkuu na Mwenyekiti wa bodi ya wakurugenzi ya kampuni ya CJSC All Stars, ambayo ni kampuni ya kimataifa ya usafirishaji wa shehena za mizigo yenye makao yake katika Mkoa wa Moscow.<ref name="lab"/> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1958|2022}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] dbfus3n7pq7lzrp4lgbp5yaftwves18 Kjell Eliassen 0 238572 1550155 2026-05-25T06:03:46Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Kjell Eliassen''' (18 Agosti 1929 – 4 Desemba 2023) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia wa [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alizaliwa katika Vefsn Municipality kaskazini mwa Norway, na alikuwa mhitimu wa shahada ya sheria kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Oslo. Alianza kufanya kazi katika huduma ya mambo ya nje ya Norway mwaka 1953.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|year=2007|title=Kjell Eliassen|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|editor=Henriksen, Petter|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|...' 1550155 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kjell Eliassen''' (18 Agosti 1929 – 4 Desemba 2023) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia wa [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alizaliwa katika Vefsn Municipality kaskazini mwa Norway, na alikuwa mhitimu wa shahada ya sheria kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Oslo. Alianza kufanya kazi katika huduma ya mambo ya nje ya Norway mwaka 1953.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|year=2007|title=Kjell Eliassen|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|editor=Henriksen, Petter|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|url=[http://www.snl.no/Kjell_Eliassen|language=Norwegian|accessdate=6](http://www.snl.no/Kjell_Eliassen|language=Norwegian|accessdate=6) January 2010}}</ref> Alikuwa katibu (1958–1960) na baadaye mshauri wa ubalozi (1967–1970) katika ubalozi wa Norway mjini Moscow. Kati ya 1970 na 1977 alifanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje, akishughulikia mazungumzo na Umoja wa Kisovyeti, hasa kuhusu masuala ya Bahari ya Barents na Svalbard.<ref name=nbl>{{cite encyclopedia|year=|title=Kjell Eliassen|encyclopedia=[[Norsk biografisk leksikon]]|first=Kåre|last=Dæhlen|authorlink=Kåre Dæhlen|editor=[[Knut Helle|Helle, Knut]]|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|url=[http://www.snl.no/.nbl_biografi/Kjell_Eliassen/utdypning|language=Norwegian|accessdate=6](http://www.snl.no/.nbl_biografi/Kjell_Eliassen/utdypning|language=Norwegian|accessdate=6) January 2010}}</ref> Baadaye aliwahi kuwa balozi wa Norway katika Jamhuri ya Shirikisho la Kisoshalisti ya Yugoslavia kuanzia 1977 hadi 1980, katibu mkuu wa kudumu wa Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje 1980–1984, na balozi wa Norway nchini [[Marekani]] 1984–1988, [[Uingereza]] 1989–1994 na [[Ujerumani]] 1994–1998.<ref name=snl/> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1929|2023}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 6s73tljquirmb5mflyjyanl8uxaj0uk Ludwig Martens 0 238573 1550156 2026-05-25T06:05:18Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ludwig Christian Alexander Karl Martens''' (au '''Ludwig Karlovich Martens'''; {{OldStyleDate|1 Januari|1875|20 Desemba 1874}} – 19 Oktoba 1948) alikuwa mwanamapinduzi wa [[Umarxisti]] wa [[Urusi]], [[mwanadiplomasia]] wa Umoja wa Kisovieti, na mhandisi.<ref name=BSE>{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.oval.ru/enc/91843.html |title=Мартенс Людвиг Карлович |trans-title=Martens, Ludwig Karlovich |language=ru |encyclopedia=Great So...' 1550156 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ludwig Christian Alexander Karl Martens''' (au '''Ludwig Karlovich Martens'''; {{OldStyleDate|1 Januari|1875|20 Desemba 1874}} – 19 Oktoba 1948) alikuwa mwanamapinduzi wa [[Umarxisti]] wa [[Urusi]], [[mwanadiplomasia]] wa Umoja wa Kisovieti, na mhandisi.<ref name=BSE>{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.oval.ru/enc/91843.html |title=Мартенс Людвиг Карлович |trans-title=Martens, Ludwig Karlovich |language=ru |encyclopedia=[[Great Soviet Encyclopedia]] |access-date=13 August 2021 |archive-date=20 December 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071220074059/http://www.oval.ru/enc/91843.html}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1875|1948}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] hfrmm8p5im0vtandaavc7cj2iu49a1n Tore Eriksen 0 238574 1550157 2026-05-25T06:08:08Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Tore Eriksen''' (amezaliwa 12 Mei 1947) ni mwanauchumi, mwanadiplomasia na mtumishi wa umma kutoka [[Norway]]. Wakati mmoja alielezewa kama “mkuu wa watendaji wa serikali mwenye nguvu zaidi nchini Norway”.<ref>{{cite news|last=Næss Olsen|first=Maren|title=Helt Korrekt|url=[http://morgenbladet.no/samfunn/2011/helt_korrekt](http://morgenbladet.no/samfunn/2011/helt_korrekt) |work=Morgenbladet |language=Norwegian|date=May 2011 |accessdate=22 October 20...' 1550157 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tore Eriksen''' (amezaliwa 12 Mei 1947) ni mwanauchumi, mwanadiplomasia na mtumishi wa umma kutoka [[Norway]]. Wakati mmoja alielezewa kama “mkuu wa watendaji wa serikali mwenye nguvu zaidi nchini Norway”.<ref>{{cite news|last=Næss Olsen|first=Maren|title=Helt Korrekt|url=[http://morgenbladet.no/samfunn/2011/helt_korrekt](http://morgenbladet.no/samfunn/2011/helt_korrekt) |work=Morgenbladet |language=Norwegian|date=May 2011 |accessdate=22 October 2013}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1947|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 76pq4l0pa98g5142rpy0ted9pt8z09a Valentin Mazikin 0 238575 1550158 2026-05-25T06:08:41Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Valentin Petrovich Mazikin''' (17 Desemba 1945 – 21 Januari 2022) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]]. Alihudumu kama kaimu gavana wa [[Mkoa wa Kemerovo]] (Kemerovo Oblast) kuanzia tarehe 25 Januari hadi 4 Mei 2001, na kisha akawa naibu gavana wa kwanza kuanzia mwaka 2001 hadi 2013.<ref>{{cite news |last= |first= |date=25 November 2013|title=Первый замгубернатора Кузбасса Мазикин ушел в отставку|trans-title=...' 1550158 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Valentin Petrovich Mazikin''' (17 Desemba 1945 – 21 Januari 2022) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]]. Alihudumu kama kaimu gavana wa [[Mkoa wa Kemerovo]] (Kemerovo Oblast) kuanzia tarehe 25 Januari hadi 4 Mei 2001, na kisha akawa naibu gavana wa kwanza kuanzia mwaka 2001 hadi 2013.<ref>{{cite news |last= |first= |date=25 November 2013|title=Первый замгубернатора Кузбасса Мазикин ушел в отставку|trans-title= |url=https://ria.ru/20131125/979482121.html|language=Russian|work=[[RIA Novosti]]|location=Kemerovo|access-date=23 January 2022}}</ref> Alifariki dunia mnamo tarehe 21 Januari 2022, akiwa na umri wa miaka 76.<ref>{{cite news |last=Malinina|first=Alina|date=21 January 2022|title=Скончался бывший первый замгубернатора Кузбасса Валентин Мазикин|trans-title= |url=https://gazeta.a42.ru/lenta/news/129738-skoncalsya-byvsii-pervyi-zamgubernatora-kuzbassa-valentin-mazikin|language=Russian|work=A42.RU|location= |access-date=23 January 2022}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1945|2022}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jmii:Watu wa Urusi]] jw70tf1o0zhmp1k0nx2uik17kanat7v Spiridon Merkulov 0 238576 1550159 2026-05-25T06:11:52Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Spiridon Dionisevich Merkulov''' (1870 – 1957) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]] aliyepata umaarufu mkubwa wakati wa [[Vita vya Kiraia vya Urusi]], hasa katika eneo la [[Mashariki ya Mbali ya Urusi]]. Aliongoza kwa muda mfupi [[Serikali ya Muda ya Priamurye]] kuanzia Mei 1921 hadi Julai 1922. Akiwa amezaliwa katika familia ya wakulima huko [[Mkoa wa Amur (Milki ya Urusi)|Amur]], Merkulov alisomea shahada ya sheria katika Chuo Kikuu cha Kifalme cha Sa...' 1550159 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Spiridon Dionisevich Merkulov''' (1870 – 1957) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]] aliyepata umaarufu mkubwa wakati wa [[Vita vya Kiraia vya Urusi]], hasa katika eneo la [[Mashariki ya Mbali ya Urusi]]. Aliongoza kwa muda mfupi [[Serikali ya Muda ya Priamurye]] kuanzia Mei 1921 hadi Julai 1922. Akiwa amezaliwa katika familia ya wakulima huko [[Mkoa wa Amur (Milki ya Urusi)|Amur]], Merkulov alisomea shahada ya sheria katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Kifalme cha Saint Petersburg]]. Baadaye alifanya kazi katika [[Wizara ya Mali ya Serikali]] kabla ya kuhamia [[Vladivostok]], ambako alihudumu kama mshauri wa kisheria wa serikali ya jiji hilo na kushika nyadhifa mbalimbali kama vile mkaguzi mkuu katika [[Kampuni ya Bima ya Kaskazini]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Меркулов Спиридон Дионисьевич {{!}} М {{!}} {{!}} Белая гвардия |url=http://ruguard.ru/glossary/o-94.html |publisher=ruguard.ru |access-date=2023-12-01}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1870|1957}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] pcc7j7m5j0n3xjz6t2ilwgcli7lqy25 Rustam Minnikhanov 0 238577 1550161 2026-05-25T06:15:20Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Rustam Nurgaliyevich Minnikhanov''' (alizaliwa 1 Machi 1957) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]] ambaye amekuwa akihudumu kama [[Mkuu wa Tatarstan]], ambayo ni [[Mikoa ya Urusi|mkoa wa shirikisho]] nchini [[Urusi]], tangu mwaka 2010. == Maisha ya mapema na elimu == Rustam Minnikhanov alizaliwa mnamo tarehe 1 Machi 1957, katika familia ya [[Watafiti wa Volga]] (Volga Tatar) kwenye kijiji cha New Arysh{{efn|{{langx|ru|Новый Арыш|Novyi Arysh}}; {{langx|...' 1550161 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rustam Nurgaliyevich Minnikhanov''' (alizaliwa 1 Machi 1957) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]] ambaye amekuwa akihudumu kama [[Mkuu wa Tatarstan]], ambayo ni [[Mikoa ya Urusi|mkoa wa shirikisho]] nchini [[Urusi]], tangu mwaka 2010. == Maisha ya mapema na elimu == Rustam Minnikhanov alizaliwa mnamo tarehe 1 Machi 1957, katika familia ya [[Watafiti wa Volga]] (Volga Tatar) kwenye kijiji cha New Arysh{{efn|{{langx|ru|Новый Арыш|Novyi Arysh}}; {{langx|tt-Cyrl|Яңа Арыш|translit=Yaña Arış}}}} katika [[Wilaya ya Rybno-Slobodsky]] ndani ya [[Jamhuri ya Kisovieti ya Kijamii ya Kujitawala ya Kitatari|RSSA ya Kitatari]]. Alihitimu kutoka Taasisi ya Kilimo ya [[Kazan]] mnamo mwaka 1978 kama mhandisi wa mitambo, na kutoka Taasisi ya Mawasiliano ya Biashara ya Kisovieti kama mtaalamu wa bidhaa mnamo mwaka 1986. Yeye ni daktari wa sayansi ya uchumi (doctor of economic sciences).<ref name="vesti_bio">{{Cite web | title = Минниханов Рустам Нургалиевич | work = Вести.Ru | access-date = 2010-03-28 | date = 2010-01-22 | url = http://www.vesti.ru/doc.html?id=337248 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1957||}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] pzobp3nvwxntwxqawhdvkxhow9z5ca3 1550162 1550161 2026-05-25T06:16:37Z Egipa 87700 1550162 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rustam Nurgaliyevich Minnikhanov''' (alizaliwa 1 Machi 1957) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]] ambaye amekuwa akihudumu kama [[Mkuu wa Tatarstan]], ambayo ni [[Mikoa ya Urusi|mkoa wa shirikisho]] nchini [[Urusi]], tangu mwaka 2010. == Maisha ya mapema na elimu == Rustam Minnikhanov alizaliwa mnamo tarehe 1 Machi 1957, katika familia ya [[Watafiti wa Volga]] (Volga Tatar) kwenye kijiji cha New Arysh{{efn| Arysh}}; katika [[Wilaya ya Rybno-Slobodsky]] ndani ya [[Jamhuri ya Kisovieti ya Kijamii ya Kujitawala ya Kitatari|RSSA ya Kitatari]]. Alihitimu kutoka Taasisi ya Kilimo ya [[Kazan]] mnamo mwaka 1978 kama mhandisi wa mitambo, na kutoka Taasisi ya Mawasiliano ya Biashara ya Kisovieti kama mtaalamu wa bidhaa mnamo mwaka 1986. Yeye ni daktari wa sayansi ya uchumi (doctor of economic sciences).<ref name="vesti_bio">{{Cite web | title = Минниханов Рустам Нургалиевич | work = Вести.Ru | access-date = 2010-03-28 | date = 2010-01-22 | url = http://www.vesti.ru/doc.html?id=337248 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1957||}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] g00iwib61cta5ldicgkewmeoiaf9kp0 1550167 1550162 2026-05-25T06:27:10Z Egipa 87700 1550167 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rustam Nurgaliyevich Minnikhanov''' (alizaliwa 1 Machi 1957) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]] ambaye amekuwa akihudumu kama [[Mkuu wa Tatarstan]], ambayo ni [[Mikoa ya Urusi|mkoa wa shirikisho]] nchini [[Urusi]], tangu mwaka 2010. == Maisha ya mapema na elimu == Rustam Minnikhanov alizaliwa mnamo tarehe 1 Machi 1957, katika familia ya [[Watafiti wa Volga]] (Volga Tatar) kwenye kijiji cha New Arysh katika [[Wilaya ya Rybno-Slobodsky]] ndani ya [[Jamhuri ya Kisovieti ya Kijamii ya Kujitawala ya Kitatari|RSSA ya Kitatari]]. Alihitimu kutoka Taasisi ya Kilimo ya [[Kazan]] mnamo mwaka 1978 kama mhandisi wa mitambo, na kutoka Taasisi ya Mawasiliano ya Biashara ya Kisovieti kama mtaalamu wa bidhaa mnamo mwaka 1986. Yeye ni daktari wa sayansi ya uchumi (doctor of economic sciences).<ref name="vesti_bio">{{Cite web | title = Минниханов Рустам Нургалиевич | work = Вести.Ru | access-date = 2010-03-28 | date = 2010-01-22 | url = http://www.vesti.ru/doc.html?id=337248 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1957||}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] q17r9w61ak3pz1jvg16mhmdx3ta39mz Ståle Eskeland 0 238578 1550163 2026-05-25T06:18:56Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ståle Eskeland''' (25 Agosti 1943 – 26 Desemba 2015) alikuwa mwanasheria kutoka [[Norway]]. Alizaliwa mjini Stavanger,<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia |year=2007 |title=Eskeland, Ståle |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget |location= |url=[http://www.snl.no/article.html?id=13002983](http://www.snl.no/article.html?id=13002983) }}{{Dead link|date=June 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=no }}</ref> alihitimu Uz...' 1550163 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ståle Eskeland''' (25 Agosti 1943 – 26 Desemba 2015) alikuwa mwanasheria kutoka [[Norway]]. Alizaliwa mjini Stavanger,<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia |year=2007 |title=Eskeland, Ståle |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget |location= |url=[http://www.snl.no/article.html?id=13002983](http://www.snl.no/article.html?id=13002983) }}{{Dead link|date=June 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=no }}</ref> alihitimu Uzamili ya Sheria mwaka 1970 na baadaye akapata Shahada ya Uzamivu ya Sheria mwaka 1988. Alifanya kazi kama mhadhiri msaidizi (associate professor) katika taaluma ya sosholojia ya sheria kwa muda, na pia alifanya kazi katika Wizara ya Sheria na Polisi ya Norway, Mamlaka ya Udhibiti wa Uchafuzi wa Mazingira ya Norway na Mamlaka ya Ukaguzi wa Kazi ya Norway. Mwaka 1990 aliteuliwa kuwa profesa wa sheria katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Oslo]]. Miongoni mwa machapisho yake ya kisheria ni pamoja na *Den psykiatriske pasient og loven* (1983, 1994), *Fangerett* (1989), *Økonomiske forbrytelser og straff* (kwa pamoja, 1994), *Grunnloven og Schengensamarbeidet* (1997) na *Strafferett* (2000).<ref name=snl/> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1943|2015}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] a97g96bh3jkanehyy97kk83cpbz7kb2 Oluf Falck-Ytter 0 238579 1550166 2026-05-25T06:26:57Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Oluf Vilhelm Falck-Ytter''' (6 Machi 1832 – 24 Oktoba 1914) alikuwa mwanasheria, mtumishi wa umma, mwandishi, mhariri na mchapishaji kutoka [[Norway]]. == Maisha ya awali == Alizaliwa katika Stange katika kaunti ya [[Hedmark]], Norway. Alikuwa mtoto wa afisa wa serikali (fogd) Nils Ytter (1788–1868) na mke wake Marie Dorothea Falck (1786–1867). Baada ya kuhitimu Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria mwaka 1857, alianza kazi ya utumishi wa umma. == Kazi =...' 1550166 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Oluf Vilhelm Falck-Ytter''' (6 Machi 1832 – 24 Oktoba 1914) alikuwa mwanasheria, mtumishi wa umma, mwandishi, mhariri na mchapishaji kutoka [[Norway]]. == Maisha ya awali == Alizaliwa katika Stange katika kaunti ya [[Hedmark]], Norway. Alikuwa mtoto wa afisa wa serikali (fogd) Nils Ytter (1788–1868) na mke wake Marie Dorothea Falck (1786–1867). Baada ya kuhitimu Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria mwaka 1857, alianza kazi ya utumishi wa umma. == Kazi == Alifanya kazi katika Wizara ya Fedha ya Norway kuanzia 1857 hadi 1884. Baadaye aliteuliwa kuwa hakimu wa mahakama ya mji (stipendiary magistrate) katika mji wa Sarpsborg kuanzia 1884 hadi 1914.<ref name="nbl">{{Cite encyclopedia |title=Oluf Falck-Ytter |encyclopedia=[[Norsk biografisk leksikon]] |publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget |location=Oslo |url=[http://snl.no/.nbl_biografi/Oluf_Falck-Ytter/utdypning](http://snl.no/.nbl_biografi/Oluf_Falck-Ytter/utdypning) |last=Risa |first=Gunvor |editor-last=Helle, Knut |editor-link=Knut Helle |language=Norwegian |accessdate=12 August 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Magne Njåstad |title=fogd |url=[https://snl.no/fogd](https://snl.no/fogd) |access-date=February 1, 2017 |publisher=Store norske leksikon}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1832|1914}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] rmjfrh82fmijayxl7f35wfvu8enx3d9 Farit Mukhametshin 0 238580 1550168 2026-05-25T06:34:03Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Farit Mubarakshevich Mukhametshin''' (alizaliwa 31 Januari 1947) ni [[Wanasiasa wa Urusi|mwanasiasa]] na [[mwanadiplomasia]] wa [[Urusi]]. Alihudumu kama mwanachama wa Baraza la Shirikisho Urusi|Baraza la Shirikisho]] la Bunge la Shirikisho Urusi|Bunge la Shirikisho kama mwakilishi wa Mkoa wa Samara kati ya mwaka 2018 na 2024. Huko nyuma amewahi kuwa mkuu wa Wakala wa Shirikisho wa Masuala ya Jumuia ya Nchi Huru, Wanaonshi Nje ya Nchi, na Ushirikiano wa...' 1550168 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Farit Mubarakshevich Mukhametshin''' (alizaliwa 31 Januari 1947) ni [[Wanasiasa wa Urusi|mwanasiasa]] na [[mwanadiplomasia]] wa [[Urusi]]. Alihudumu kama mwanachama wa Baraza la Shirikisho Urusi|Baraza la Shirikisho]] la Bunge la Shirikisho Urusi|Bunge la Shirikisho kama mwakilishi wa Mkoa wa Samara kati ya mwaka 2018 na 2024. Huko nyuma amewahi kuwa mkuu wa Wakala wa Shirikisho wa Masuala ya Jumuia ya Nchi Huru, Wanaonshi Nje ya Nchi, na Ushirikiano wa Kimataifa wa Kibinadamu (Rossotrudnichestvo), na pia kama Orodha ya mabalozi wa Urusi nchini Moldova|balozi wa Urusi nchini Moldova]], na Orodha ya mabalozi wa Urusi nchini Uzbekistan|nchini Uzbekistan. == Maisha ya mapema == Mukhametshin alizaliwa mnamo tarehe 31 Januari 1947, katika kijiji cha {{ill|Bolshie Kokuzy|ru|Большие Кокузы}}, Wilaya ya Apastovsky, katika kile kilichokuwa Jamhuri ya Kisovieti ya Kijamii ya Kujitawala ya Kitatari|Jamhuri ya Kisovieti ya Kitatari, Jamhuri ya Kisovieti ya Kijamii ya Kiitikadi ya Urusi, ndani ya [[Umoja wa Kisovieti]].<ref name="CR">{{cite web|url=http://council.gov.ru/structure/persons/1424/|title=Мухаметшин Фарит Мубаракшевич|language=ru|publisher=council.gov.ru|access-date=2 March 2023}}</ref> Alihitimu kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Kitaifa cha Utafiti wa Kiufundi cha Kazan|Taasisi ya Anga ya Kazan mnamo mwaka 1970 akiwa na digrii ya uhandisi wa mitambo.<ref name="CR"/> Baada ya hapo, alienda kufanya kazi katika Taasisi Kuu ya Aerohydrodynamic, akishika nyadhifa mbalimbali za kiuhandisi na usimamizi.<ref name="rostrud">{{cite web|url=http://rs.gov.ru/node/593|title=Биография Руководителя|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111105100456/http://rs.gov.ru/node/593|language=ru|publisher=[[Federal Agency for the Commonwealth of Independent States Affairs, Compatriots Living Abroad, and International Humanitarian Cooperation|Rossotrudnichestvo]]|archive-date=5 November 2011|access-date=2 March 2023}}</ref> Pia alikuwa sehemu ya Kamati ya Mashirika ya Vijana ya USSR kati ya mwaka 1983 na 1987, ambapo alihudumu kama naibu mwenyekiti wa kamati hiyo.<ref name="rostrud"/> Mnamo mwaka 1983, Mukhametshin alihitimu kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Kitaifa cha Lugha cha Moscow|Taasisi ya Serikali ya Ualimu ya Lugha za Kigeni ya Moscow.<ref name="TASS1">{{cite news|url=https://tass.ru/politika/5573412|title=Бывший посол РФ в Молдавии назначен сенатором от Самарской области|trans-title=The former ambassador of Russia to Moldova appointed senator of Samara Oblast|language=ru|publisher=[[TASS]]|date=17 September 2018|access-date=2 March 2023}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1947||}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] 4armu6va4ugn1qvb8cqujzmelpjl9lz Mikhail Naidov 0 238581 1550169 2026-05-25T06:36:55Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mikhail Ivanovich Naidov''' (20 Oktoba 1932 – 13 Februari 2022) alikuwa mchimba madini na mwanasiasa wa Umoja wa Kisovieti na [[Urusi]]. Akiwa mwanachama wa Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Umoja wa Kisovieti, alihudumu kama mwenyekiti wa kamati ya utendaji ya Baraza la Wawakilishi wa Watu wa Mkoa wa Kemerovo kuanzia Mei hadi Desemba 1990.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://afond.kuzbassarchives.ru/index.php?act=fund&fund=1124|title=Кузбасский шахто...' 1550169 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mikhail Ivanovich Naidov''' (20 Oktoba 1932 – 13 Februari 2022) alikuwa mchimba madini na mwanasiasa wa Umoja wa Kisovieti na [[Urusi]]. Akiwa mwanachama wa Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Umoja wa Kisovieti, alihudumu kama mwenyekiti wa kamati ya utendaji ya Baraza la Wawakilishi wa Watu wa Mkoa wa Kemerovo kuanzia Mei hadi Desemba 1990.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://afond.kuzbassarchives.ru/index.php?act=fund&fund=1124|title=Кузбасский шахтостроительный терком профсоюза рабочих угольной промышленности Российского комитета независимого профсоюза работников угольной промышленности.|work=Архивный фонд Кемеровской области|language=Russian}}</ref> Alifariki dunia mkoani [[Kemerovo]] mnamo tarehe 13 Februari 2022, akiwa na umri wa miaka 89.<ref>{{cite news |last= |first= |date=13 February 2022|title=Сергей Цивилев выразил соболезнования родным и близким Михаила Ивановича Найдова|trans-title= |url=https://ako.ru/news/detail/sergey-tsivilev-vyrazil-soboleznovaniya-rodnym-i-blizkim-mikhaila-ivanovicha-naydova|language=Russian|work=Government of Kemerovo Oblast|location= |access-date=15 February 2022}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1932|2022}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] 50nps8td0jg6na09ccpp8krmaoe30ra Aleksandr Neumyvakin 0 238582 1550171 2026-05-25T06:43:15Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Aleksandr Yakovlevich Neumyvakin''' (1 Mei 1940 – 9 Desemba 2021) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]].<ref name="ру">{{cite news |last= |first= |date=9 December 2021|title=Памяти президента Всероссийского общества слепых А. Я. Неумывакина|trans-title= |url=https://www.vos.org.ru/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=6312:pamyati-prezidenta-vserossijskogo-obshchestva-slepykh-a-ya-neumyvakina...' 1550171 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aleksandr Yakovlevich Neumyvakin''' (1 Mei 1940 – 9 Desemba 2021) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]].<ref name="ру">{{cite news |last= |first= |date=9 December 2021|title=Памяти президента Всероссийского общества слепых А. Я. Неумывакина|trans-title= |url=https://www.vos.org.ru/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=6312:pamyati-prezidenta-vserossijskogo-obshchestva-slepykh-a-ya-neumyvakina&catid=59:c-gr-newsvos&Itemid=261|language=Russian|work=All-Russian Society of the Blind|location= |access-date=9 December 2021}}</ref> Akiwa mwanachama wa Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Umoja wa Kisovieti, alihudumu katika Mkutano wa Wawakilishi wa Watu wa Umoja wa Kisovieti kuanzia mwaka 1989 hadi 1991<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vos.org.ru/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=583:2009-12-14-13-31-44&catid=135:-qq--4--2006&Itemid=183|title=Президент ВОС Неумывакин Александр Яковлевич|work=All-Russian Society of the Blind |language=Russian}}</ref> na pia kama Rais wa Kamati ya Olimpiki ya Walemavu ya Urusi (Russian Paralympic Committee) kuanzia mwaka 1991 hadi 1997.<ref name="ру"/> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1940|2021}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] 0px7i2ecvitt6qefazwetag28zo2xag Trond Fevolden 0 238583 1550172 2026-05-25T06:43:22Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Trond Fevolden''' (amezaliwa 30 Desemba 1951) ni mtumishi wa umma kutoka [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alihitimu Shahada ya Uzamili ya Siasa na Sayansi ya Jamii katika sayansi ya siasa kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Oslo mwaka 1980.<ref name=hvem>{{cite book |title=Hvem er hvem? |year=2008 |editor=Knut Olav Åmås |editor-link=Knut Olav Åmås |publisher=Aschehoug |location=Oslo |isbn=978-82-03-23561-0 |pages=151 }}</ref> Baada ya kuhitimu, aliajiriwa kama naibu mkurugenz...' 1550172 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Trond Fevolden''' (amezaliwa 30 Desemba 1951) ni mtumishi wa umma kutoka [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alihitimu Shahada ya Uzamili ya Siasa na Sayansi ya Jamii katika sayansi ya siasa kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Oslo mwaka 1980.<ref name=hvem>{{cite book |title=Hvem er hvem? |year=2008 |editor=Knut Olav Åmås |editor-link=Knut Olav Åmås |publisher=Aschehoug |location=Oslo |isbn=978-82-03-23561-0 |pages=151 }}</ref> Baada ya kuhitimu, aliajiriwa kama naibu mkurugenzi katika Ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu wa Norway. Baadaye alihudumu kwa mwaka mmoja kama naibu katibu mkuu msaidizi wa serikali kabla ya kuhamia Wizara ya Elimu ya Norway, ambako alihudumu kama Katibu Mkuu wa kudumu kuanzia mwaka 1992 hadi 2016.<ref name=hvem /> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1951|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 5ziz7u7nat655k03fml90lkkqtqc4ir Baltzer Fleischer 0 238584 1550173 2026-05-25T06:49:43Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Baltzer Fleischer''' (29 Septemba 1703 – 16 Desemba 1767) alikuwa mtumishi wa umma na gavana wa wilaya kutoka Norway.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Baltzer Sechmann Fleischer |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget |location=Oslo |url=[http://www.snl.no/Baltzer_Sechmann_Fleischer](http://www.snl.no/Baltzer_Sechmann_Fleischer) |language=Norwegian | accessdate=10 July 2011 }}</ref> Baltzer Sechmann Fleischer aliz...' 1550173 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Baltzer Fleischer''' (29 Septemba 1703 – 16 Desemba 1767) alikuwa mtumishi wa umma na gavana wa wilaya kutoka Norway.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Baltzer Sechmann Fleischer |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget |location=Oslo |url=[http://www.snl.no/Baltzer_Sechmann_Fleischer](http://www.snl.no/Baltzer_Sechmann_Fleischer) |language=Norwegian | accessdate=10 July 2011 }}</ref> Baltzer Sechmann Fleischer alizaliwa katika mji wa [[Holbæk]] kwenye kisiwa cha [[Zealand]] nchini Denmark. Alikuwa mtoto wa Herman Reinhold Fleischer (1656–1712) na Megtele Annamaria Sechmann (takribani 1675–1705). Familia ya upande wa baba yake ilitoka awali [[Prussia ya Mashariki]], lakini ilikuwa na uhusiano na Norway tangu mwanzoni mwa karne ya 17. Akiwa kijana, alianza kazi ya kijeshi na alihudumu kwa muda nchini Norway. Aliwasili Norway mwaka 1734 kama naibu meya na diwani wa Christiania (sasa Oslo). Baadaye alihudumu kama msimamizi wa wilaya ya [[Østfold|Smålenene]] (sasa Østfold) kwa karibu miaka 25. Baltzer Fleischer aliteuliwa katika Mahakama ya Haki mwaka 1749 na kuwa diwani wa serikali mwaka 1760. Alitoa mchango mkubwa katika maendeleo ya kilimo na matumizi ya ardhi katika wilaya hiyo. Lengo lilikuwa kuhakikisha upatikanaji thabiti wa chakula na kupunguza ongezeko la umaskini. Hatua zake zilijumuisha kuongeza usafishaji wa ardhi kwa kilimo na kuanzishwa kwa maghala ya nafaka katika kila kanisa la parokia ambayo yangeweza kusaidia wakati wa dharura. Mpango huu ulianzishwa mwaka 1759 ndani ya Smålenene. Hata hivyo, ukosoaji ulioongezeka kutoka kwa wakulima pamoja na mashaka kwamba Fleischer alijinufaisha binafsi ulisababisha mpango huo kusitishwa mwaka 1764.<ref name=nbl>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Baltzer Fleischer |encyclopedia=[[Norsk biografisk leksikon]]|first=Arne Bugge |last=Amundsen |editor=[[Knut Helle|Helle, Knut]] |publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget |location=Oslo|url=[http://www.snl.no/.nbl_biografi/Baltzer_Fleischer/utdypning](http://www.snl.no/.nbl_biografi/Baltzer_Fleischer/utdypning) |language=Norwegian|accessdate=10 July 2011}}</ref> == Maisha ya binafsi == Mwaka 1727, alifunga ndoa na Anna Margrethe Aboe (aliyefariki 1751). Walikuwa babu na bibi wa Palle Rømer Fleischer (1781–1851).<ref>[[https://lokalhistoriewiki.no/index.php/Palle_R%C3%B8mer_Fleischer](https://lokalhistoriewiki.no/index.php/Palle_R%C3%B8mer_Fleischer) ''Palle Rømer Fleischer'' (lokalhistoriewiki.no)] {{webarchive |url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20150604144603/https://lokalhistoriewiki.no/index.php/Palle_R%C3%B8mer_Fleischer](https://web.archive.org/web/20150604144603/https://lokalhistoriewiki.no/index.php/Palle_R%C3%B8mer_Fleischer) |date=4 June 2015 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1703|1767}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] baf4zbb21vtuc0vaa4s3hvudup9v445 Ingvald Førre 0 238585 1550174 2026-05-25T06:53:14Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ingvald Severin Johannessen Førre''' (24 Desemba 1879 – 1962) alikuwa mhariri wa magazeti, mtumishi wa umma na mwanasiasa kutoka [[Norwei|Norway]] wa Chama cha Wafanyakazi (Chama cha Wafanyakazi), ambaye alijiondoa katika chama hicho mwaka 1938. == Maisha ya awali == Alizaliwa katika mji wa Haugesund akiwa mtoto wa baharia Nils Johannessen Førre (1834–1920) na Martha Jensine Baardsen (1842–1918). Alipata mafunzo ya uchapaji (typography) katika...' 1550174 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ingvald Severin Johannessen Førre''' (24 Desemba 1879 – 1962) alikuwa mhariri wa magazeti, mtumishi wa umma na mwanasiasa kutoka [[Norwei|Norway]] wa Chama cha Wafanyakazi (Chama cha Wafanyakazi), ambaye alijiondoa katika chama hicho mwaka 1938. == Maisha ya awali == Alizaliwa katika mji wa Haugesund akiwa mtoto wa baharia Nils Johannessen Førre (1834–1920) na Martha Jensine Baardsen (1842–1918). Alipata mafunzo ya uchapaji (typography) katika mji wake wa nyumbani pamoja na Kristiania, na kuanzia mwaka 1906 hadi 1912 alikuwa mhariri wa gazeti la chama cha wafanyakazi la mji wake, ''Haugesunds Arbeiderblad''.<ref name=nsd>{{cite web|url=[http://www.nsd.uib.no/polsys/index.cfm?urlname=storting&lan=&MenuItem=N1_1&ChildItem=&State=collapse&UttakNr=33&person=10886|title=Ingvald](http://www.nsd.uib.no/polsys/index.cfm?urlname=storting&lan=&MenuItem=N1_1&ChildItem=&State=collapse&UttakNr=33&person=10886|title=Ingvald) Førre|publisher=Norwegian Social Science Data Services (NSD)|language=Norwegian|accessdate=3 August 2011|archive-date=3 June 2012|archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20120603214857/http://www.nsd.uib.no/polsys/index.cfm?urlname=storting&lan=&MenuItem=N1_1&ChildItem=&State=collapse&UttakNr=33&person=10886|url-status=dead}}](https://web.archive.org/web/20120603214857/http://www.nsd.uib.no/polsys/index.cfm?urlname=storting&lan=&MenuItem=N1_1&ChildItem=&State=collapse&UttakNr=33&person=10886|url-status=dead}})</ref> Baadaye alituma maombi ya kazi katika magazeti mengine, kama nafasi ya uhariri katika gazeti ''Demokraten'' mnamo Juni 1913, lakini hakupata nafasi hiyo.<ref>{{cite news|title='Demokraten' som dagblad. Nyt redaktionspersonale ansat|date=17 June 1913|work=Demokraten|page=2|language=Norwegian}}</ref> Hata hivyo, alihudumu kama mhariri wa ''Hønefos og Oplands Socialdemokrat'' kuanzia 1913 hadi 1914. Mwaka 1914 alirudi Haugesund ambako alianza shughuli ya uchapishaji. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1879|1962}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] of80091v292obqscumxi3d8yub07ym2 Ivan Nikulin (mwanasiasa) 0 238586 1550175 2026-05-25T06:56:15Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ivan Ivanovich Nikulin''' ( 10 Julai 1936 – 3 Februari 2026) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]]. Akiwa mwanachama wa Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Umoja wa Kisovieti, alihudumu katika [[Baraza la Muungano]] (Soviet of the Union) kuanzia mwaka 1984 hadi 1989.<ref>{{cite news|date=7 March 1987|title=Иван Иванович Никулин [кандидат в депутаты Верховного Совета СССР]|url= |trans-title= |work=Nizhegorodskaya...' 1550175 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ivan Ivanovich Nikulin''' ( 10 Julai 1936 – 3 Februari 2026) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]]. Akiwa mwanachama wa Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Umoja wa Kisovieti, alihudumu katika [[Baraza la Muungano]] (Soviet of the Union) kuanzia mwaka 1984 hadi 1989.<ref>{{cite news|date=7 March 1987|title=Иван Иванович Никулин [кандидат в депутаты Верховного Совета СССР]|url= |trans-title= |work=Nizhegorodskaya Pravda|language=ru}}</ref> Nikulin alifariki dunia mnamo tarehe 3 Februari 2026, akiwa na umri wa miaka 89.<ref>{{cite news |date=4 February 2026|title=Ушёл из жизни бывший первый секретарь Новгородского обкома КПСС Иван Никулин|url=https://novvedomosti.ru/news/society/111378/ |work=Novgorodskie Vedomosti|language=ru |access-date=4 February 2026}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1936|2026}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] 38x0v91d29hcobdqtqm8odk1zlmn3bg Odd L. Fosseidbråten 0 238587 1550176 2026-05-25T06:56:27Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Odd Lauritz Fosseidbråten''' (amezaliwa 19 Julai 1946) ni mtumishi wa umma na mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alipata Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sanaa na Fasihi (sawa na PhD katika sayansi ya siasa).<ref>{{cite news|title=Fosseidbråten departementsråd|agency=Norwegian News Agency|date=24 January 1997|language=Norwegian}}</ref> Aliajiriwa katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1973. Alihudumu kama balozi wa Norway nchini [[Singapore]] kua...' 1550176 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Odd Lauritz Fosseidbråten''' (amezaliwa 19 Julai 1946) ni mtumishi wa umma na mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alipata Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sanaa na Fasihi (sawa na PhD katika sayansi ya siasa).<ref>{{cite news|title=Fosseidbråten departementsråd|agency=Norwegian News Agency|date=24 January 1997|language=Norwegian}}</ref> Aliajiriwa katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1973. Alihudumu kama balozi wa Norway nchini [[Singapore]] kuanzia 1992 hadi 1996, kisha akawa katibu mkuu wa kudumu katika Wizara ya Biashara na Viwanda ya Norway, nafasi ya juu kabisa ya kiutawala serikalini, kuanzia 1997 hadi 1999. Baadaye alihudumu kama balozi wa Norway nchini [[Tokyo]] kuanzia 1999 hadi 2003 na nchini [[Sweden]] kuanzia 2003 hadi 2009.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Odd L. Fosseidbråten|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|url=[http://www.snl.no/Odd_L._Fosseidbråten|language=Norwegian|accessdate=17](http://www.snl.no/Odd_L._Fosseidbråten|language=Norwegian|accessdate=17) February 2011}}</ref> Mwaka 2000 alitunukiwa cheo cha Kamanda wa Agizo la Kifalme la St. Olav la Norway.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ordensdryss i UD|date=28 August 2000|work=Aftenposten|page=12|language=Norwegian}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1946|}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] as2unxegbqv1mm5u22sy3dlm9jxb5hu Nikolaus von der Nonne 0 238588 1550177 2026-05-25T07:00:18Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Nikolaus August Ernst von der Nonne''' (1836–1906) alikuwa mhandisi wa [[Urusi]] mwenye asili ya [[Kijerumani]]. Alikuwa mhandisi wa mji wa [[Baku]] na alihudumu kama [[Meya wa Baku]] kuanzia mwaka 1898 hadi 1901. == Maisha ya mapema == Alizaliwa mnamo tarehe 16 Juni 1836 katika familia yenye asili ya [[Wajerumani]] katika [[Gavana wa Saint Petersburg|Gavana ya Saint Petersburg]]. Baba yake, Johann Georg August Ernst von der Nonne (1798–1860), alik...' 1550177 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nikolaus August Ernst von der Nonne''' (1836–1906) alikuwa mhandisi wa [[Urusi]] mwenye asili ya [[Kijerumani]]. Alikuwa mhandisi wa mji wa [[Baku]] na alihudumu kama [[Meya wa Baku]] kuanzia mwaka 1898 hadi 1901. == Maisha ya mapema == Alizaliwa mnamo tarehe 16 Juni 1836 katika familia yenye asili ya [[Wajerumani]] katika [[Gavana wa Saint Petersburg|Gavana ya Saint Petersburg]]. Baba yake, Johann Georg August Ernst von der Nonne (1798–1860), alikuwa kabaila wa Kijerumani mwenye asili ya mji wa [[Bodenwerder]], [[Saksonia Chini]] (Lower Saxony). Mama yake, Anna (1810–1891), alikuwa wa familia ya kikabaila ya [[:de:Tornow (Adelsgeschlecht)|von Tornau]]. Alikuwa muumini wa [[Ulutheri]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Erik-Amburger-Datenbank - Datensatz anzeigen|url=https://amburger.ios-regensburg.de/index.php?id=65435&mode=1|access-date=2021-05-19|website=amburger.ios-regensburg.de}}</ref> Pia alikuwa na kaka na dada kadhaa, nao ni Alexander Johann August Ernst (alizaliwa 1831), Friedrich August Ernst (alizaliwa 1836), Michael (1839–1919) na Anna (aliyeolewa na Eugen Alexander von Ovander mnamo mwaka 1864). Kaka yake [[Michael von der Nonne]] alikuwa msanifu majengo wa mji wa [[Yerevan]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1836|1906}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] kdg5cw8txl8gtzu4tpszjsncobn6yys Håkon Wexelsen Freihow 0 238589 1550178 2026-05-25T07:01:33Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Willy Johan Fredriksen''' (27 Februari 1930 – 11 Novemba 2017) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alizaliwa katika mji wa Narvik na alihitimu Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sanaa na Sayansi. Alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1959. Baada ya kipindi cha kuwa mshauri wa kikanda kuhusu masuala ya Asia na Oceania, alihudumu kama balozi wa Norway nchini [[Malaysia]] kuanzia 1983 hadi 1988 na nchini [[Thailand]] kuanzi...' 1550178 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Willy Johan Fredriksen''' (27 Februari 1930 – 11 Novemba 2017) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alizaliwa katika mji wa Narvik na alihitimu Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sanaa na Sayansi. Alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1959. Baada ya kipindi cha kuwa mshauri wa kikanda kuhusu masuala ya Asia na Oceania, alihudumu kama balozi wa Norway nchini [[Malaysia]] kuanzia 1983 hadi 1988 na nchini [[Thailand]] kuanzia 1993 hadi 1997. Kati ya vipindi hivyo viwili, alihudumu kama kiongozi wa nne wa Kamati ya Haki za Binadamu ya Norway kuanzia 1989 hadi 1990 na kama Mkaguzi wa Huduma ya Mambo ya Nje kuanzia 1990 hadi 1993.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Willy Johan Fredriksen|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|url=[http://www.snl.no/Willy_Johan_Fredriksen|language=Norwegian|accessdate=20](http://www.snl.no/Willy_Johan_Fredriksen|language=Norwegian|accessdate=20) November 2017}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1930|2017}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] quj0klhymt2e0awc787reoh4inz6a98 Vladimir Petukhov 0 238590 1550180 2026-05-25T07:06:04Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Vladimir Arkadyevich Petukhov''' (16 Desemba 1949 – 26 Juni 1998) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa Urusi aliyehudumu kama meya wa [[Nefteyugansk]] kuanzia mwaka 1996 hadi alipouawa kwa assassination mnamo mwaka 1998. Kwa mujibu wa kamati ya uchunguzi ya Shirikisho la Urusi, aliuawa kwa agizo la makamu wa rais wa kwanza wa kampuni ya mafuta ya [[Yukos]] na rafiki wa karibu wa [[Mikhail Khodorkovsky]], raia wa Israel [[Leonid Nevzlin]], kutokana na mgogoro ulios...' 1550180 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vladimir Arkadyevich Petukhov''' (16 Desemba 1949 – 26 Juni 1998) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa Urusi aliyehudumu kama meya wa [[Nefteyugansk]] kuanzia mwaka 1996 hadi alipouawa kwa assassination mnamo mwaka 1998. Kwa mujibu wa kamati ya uchunguzi ya Shirikisho la Urusi, aliuawa kwa agizo la makamu wa rais wa kwanza wa kampuni ya mafuta ya [[Yukos]] na rafiki wa karibu wa [[Mikhail Khodorkovsky]], raia wa Israel [[Leonid Nevzlin]], kutokana na mgogoro uliosababishwa na kampuni ya Yukos kugoma kulipa kodi kwenye bajeti ya serikali ya mtaa huo. Mahakama ya Jiji la Moscow ilibaini kuwa mratibu wa uhalifu huo alikuwa afisa usalama wa Yukos, [[Alexey Pichugin]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Russian court orders arrest of Mikhail Khodorkovsky over contract killing |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-russia-khodorkovsky-arrest-idUSKBN0U60PO20151223|publisher=Reuters|access-date=23 December 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Russia reopens 1998 murder probe; Putin critic Mikhail Khodorkovsky is a suspect|url=http://www.latimes.com/world/europe/la-fg-russia-khodorkovsky-murder-suspect-20150630-story.html|website=Los Angeles Times|date=30 June 2015 |access-date=23 December 2015}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1949|1998}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] qdde6hx8aee6fuwlh93z5ou46zsuyvu 1550181 1550180 2026-05-25T07:06:45Z Egipa 87700 1550181 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vladimir Arkadyevich Petukhov''' (16 Desemba 1949 – 26 Juni 1998) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]] alihudumu kama meya wa [[Nefteyugansk]] kuanzia mwaka 1996 hadi alipouawa kwa assassination mnamo mwaka 1998. Kwa mujibu wa kamati ya uchunguzi ya Shirikisho la Urusi, aliuawa kwa agizo la makamu wa rais wa kwanza wa kampuni ya mafuta ya [[Yukos]] na rafiki wa karibu wa [[Mikhail Khodorkovsky]], raia wa Israel [[Leonid Nevzlin]], kutokana na mgogoro uliosababishwa na kampuni ya Yukos kugoma kulipa kodi kwenye bajeti ya serikali ya mtaa huo. Mahakama ya Jiji la Moscow ilibaini kuwa mratibu wa uhalifu huo alikuwa afisa usalama wa Yukos, [[Alexey Pichugin]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Russian court orders arrest of Mikhail Khodorkovsky over contract killing |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-russia-khodorkovsky-arrest-idUSKBN0U60PO20151223|publisher=Reuters|access-date=23 December 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Russia reopens 1998 murder probe; Putin critic Mikhail Khodorkovsky is a suspect|url=http://www.latimes.com/world/europe/la-fg-russia-khodorkovsky-murder-suspect-20150630-story.html|website=Los Angeles Times|date=30 June 2015 |access-date=23 December 2015}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1949|1998}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] s4tb3tzfgab65bgscbo9spbzjy6n7l7 Finn Kristen Fostervoll 0 238591 1550182 2026-05-25T07:08:35Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Finn Kristen Fostervoll''' (amezaliwa 26 Desemba 1939) ni mwanadiplomasia wa [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alifanya kazi kama mwandishi wa habari kuanzia mwaka 1962 hadi 1969, kisha baadaye akasoma sayansi ya siasa, ambapo alipata shahada ya uzamili (MA) katika Carleton University mwaka 1972. Alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1972, na alipandishwa cheo kuwa naibu katibu mwaka 1976, wadhifa aliouhudumia hadi 1983. Baadaye alihusika...' 1550182 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Finn Kristen Fostervoll''' (amezaliwa 26 Desemba 1939) ni mwanadiplomasia wa [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alifanya kazi kama mwandishi wa habari kuanzia mwaka 1962 hadi 1969, kisha baadaye akasoma sayansi ya siasa, ambapo alipata shahada ya uzamili (MA) katika Carleton University mwaka 1972. Alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1972, na alipandishwa cheo kuwa naibu katibu mwaka 1976, wadhifa aliouhudumia hadi 1983. Baadaye alihusika kwa muda mrefu na masuala ya kupunguza silaha za nyuklia na kuzuia kuenea kwake, na alifanya kazi za kidiplomasia nchini [[Ujerumani]], [[Ureno]] na katika [[NATO]] jijini [[Brussels]]. Kuanzia mwaka 1997, aliwahi kuwa balozi wa Norway nchini [[Uturuki]] na [[Ugiriki]],<ref name=ntb>{{cite news|title=70 år 26. desember: Ambassadør Finn Kristen Fostervoll|agency=Norwegian News Agency|date=11 Desemba 2009|language=Norwegian}}</ref> na kuanzia mwaka 2005 pia akahudumu nchini [[Cyprus]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Offisielt fra statsråd 17. juni 2005|agency=Norwegian News Agency|date=17 Juni 2005|language=Norwegian}}</ref> Alistaafu mwaka 2006.<ref name=ntb/> Mwaka 1999 alitunukiwa cheo cha Knight wa Royal Norwegian Order of Merit.<ref>{{cite news|title=Nytt ordensdryss i UD|last=Andreassen|first=Thorleif|date=31 Agosti 1999|work=Aftenposten|page=14|language=Norwegian}}</ref> Anaishi [[Oslo]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1939|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] devxa7tqwnrhd03p7x7ehms5uiuz43m Alexander Pistohlkors 0 238592 1550183 2026-05-25T07:12:16Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Alexander Erichovich von Pistohlkors''' (6 Juni 1885 mjini [[Saint Petersburg]] – 8 Septemba 1941 mjini [[Brest, Ufaransa|Brest, France]]) alikuwa afisa wa Kikosi cha Ulinzi cha Kifalme cha Urusi (Russian Imperial Guard) aliyejulikana kwa ukatili wake katika kuzima uasi kufuatia [[Mapinduzi ya Urusi ya mwaka 1905]].<ref>Radzinsky, Edvard, The Rasputin File, Doubleday, p. 218</ref> == Chimbuko na uhusiano == Pistohlkors alizaliwa katika familia ya kik...' 1550183 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alexander Erichovich von Pistohlkors''' (6 Juni 1885 mjini [[Saint Petersburg]] – 8 Septemba 1941 mjini [[Brest, Ufaransa|Brest, France]]) alikuwa afisa wa Kikosi cha Ulinzi cha Kifalme cha Urusi (Russian Imperial Guard) aliyejulikana kwa ukatili wake katika kuzima uasi kufuatia [[Mapinduzi ya Urusi ya mwaka 1905]].<ref>Radzinsky, Edvard, The Rasputin File, Doubleday, p. 218</ref> == Chimbuko na uhusiano == Pistohlkors alizaliwa katika familia ya kikabaila ya [[Pistolekors|Pistohlkors]] yenye {{ill|Wafini nchini Urusi|fi|Venäjänsuomalaiset|ru|Финны в России|lt=asili ya Kifini}}.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.rantasalmenlehti.fi/artikkelit/laura-netzel-pistolekors-pyyvilan-kartanosta/ |title=Laura Netzel, Pistolekors Pyyvilän kartanosta |last=Markkanen-Vänttinen |first=Mira |date=31 May 2023 |website=Rantasalmen Lehti |language=fi |access-date=25 October 2023}}</ref> Alikuwa mtoto wa [[Princess Olga Paley|Olga Valerianovna Karnovich]] na mume wake wa kwanza, [[Meja Jenerali]] Erich Gerhard Augustinovich von Pistohlkors (1853–1935), ambaye alipeana naye talaka kabla ya ndoa yake ya pili mnamo mwaka 1902. Kupitia ndoa ya pili ya mama yake na [[Grand Duke Paul Alexandrovich wa Urusi]], alikuwa kaka wa kambo wa [[Grand Duke Dmitri Pavlovich wa Urusi]], mmoja wa waliopanga njama za kumuua [[Grigori Rasputin]]. Dada yake mdogo, [[Marianne Pistohlkors|Marianne]], naye pia anasemekana kuwa miongoni mwa waliopanga njama hizo za mauaji.<ref>Radzinsky, pp. 476-477</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1885|1941}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] k4lnpy7tgg2ei52rkkhvsixnfsow9z2 Ivar Furu (mwanasiasa) 0 238593 1550184 2026-05-25T07:13:07Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ivar Furu''' (15 Oktoba 1928 – 13 Januari 2012) alikuwa mhandisi, mkuu wa shule na mwanasiasa kutoka [[Norwei|Norway]] wa Chama cha Centre. Alizaliwa katika Manispaa ya Sunndal akiwa mtoto wa wakulima. Baada ya kumaliza elimu ya sekondari katika Manispaa ya Orkdal mwaka 1947, alisoma uhandisi wa ujenzi katika Taasis ya Teknolojia ya Norway kuanzia 1948 hadi 1962. Baada ya kipindi cha kufanya kazi kama mhandisi Sunndal na Manispaa ya Norderhov ambapo...' 1550184 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ivar Furu''' (15 Oktoba 1928 – 13 Januari 2012) alikuwa mhandisi, mkuu wa shule na mwanasiasa kutoka [[Norwei|Norway]] wa Chama cha Centre. Alizaliwa katika Manispaa ya Sunndal akiwa mtoto wa wakulima. Baada ya kumaliza elimu ya sekondari katika Manispaa ya Orkdal mwaka 1947, alisoma uhandisi wa ujenzi katika Taasis ya Teknolojia ya Norway kuanzia 1948 hadi 1962. Baada ya kipindi cha kufanya kazi kama mhandisi Sunndal na Manispaa ya Norderhov ambapo alifanya kazi kuanzia 1955 hadi 1958, alikua mwalimu wa shule ya sekondari ya chini katika Manispaa ya Sunndal mwaka 1958. Kuanzia 1968 hadi 1981 alikuwa mkuu wa shule. Kuanzia 1981 hadi 1995 alikuwa afisa mkuu wa kiufundi wa Manispaa ya Sunndal.<ref name=bio /> Furu alikuwa mjumbe wa baraza la manispaa ya Manispaa ya Sunndal kuanzia 1963 hadi 1971 na 1975 hadi 1979, na pia wa Mkoa wa Møre og Romsdal baraza la kaunti kuanzia 1967 hadi 1971 na 1975 hadi 1979. Aliongoza Chama cha Centre cha Møre og Romsdal kuanzia 1967 hadi 1973. Alihudumu kama mbunge msaidizi wa Bunge la Norway kutoka eneo bunge la Møre og Romsdal (eneo bunge) katika vipindi vya 1969–1973, 1973–1977 na 1981–1985. Kwa jumla alihudhuria siku 116 za vikao vya bunge.<ref name=bio>{{Stortingetbio|IVFU}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1928|2012}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 2a4xj8wlba910wa36p8i9j9oqlouuyy 1550186 1550184 2026-05-25T07:17:39Z Hussein m mmbaga 52054 1550186 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ivar Furu''' ([[15 Oktoba]] [[1928]] – [[13 Januari]] [[2012]]) alikuwa mhandisi, mkuu wa shule na mwanasiasa wa Chama cha Centre nchini [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alizaliwa katika Manispaa ya Sunndal akiwa mtoto wa wakulima. Baada ya kumaliza elimu ya sekondari katika Manispaa ya Orkdal mwaka 1947, alisoma uhandisi wa ujenzi katika Taasis ya Teknolojia ya Norway kuanzia 1948 hadi 1962. Baada ya kipindi cha kufanya kazi kama mhandisi Sunndal na Manispaa ya Norderhov ambapo alifanya kazi kuanzia 1955 hadi 1958, alikua mwalimu wa shule ya sekondari ya chini katika Manispaa ya Sunndal mwaka 1958. Kuanzia 1968 hadi 1981 alikuwa mkuu wa shule. Kuanzia 1981 hadi 1995 alikuwa afisa mkuu wa kiufundi wa Manispaa ya Sunndal.<ref name="bio" /> Furu alikuwa mjumbe wa baraza la manispaa ya Manispaa ya Sunndal kuanzia 1963 hadi 1971 na 1975 hadi 1979, na pia wa Mkoa wa Møre og Romsdal baraza la kaunti kuanzia 1967 hadi 1971 na 1975 hadi 1979. Aliongoza Chama cha Centre cha Møre og Romsdal kuanzia 1967 hadi 1973. Alihudumu kama mbunge msaidizi wa Bunge la Norway kutoka eneo bunge la Møre og Romsdal (eneo bunge) katika vipindi vya 1969–1973, 1973–1977 na 1981–1985. Kwa jumla alihudhuria siku 116 za vikao vya bunge.<ref name=bio>{{Stortingetbio|IVFU}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1928|2012}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] kefx2papan5j5pjmtfjcgwqemvw27ex Vyacheslav von Plehve 0 238594 1550185 2026-05-25T07:16:35Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Vyacheslav Konstantinovich von Plehve''', {{OldStyleDate|20 Aprili|1846|8 Aprili}} &ndash; {{OldStyleDate|28 Julai|1904|15 Julai}}) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa Urusi aliyehudumu kama mkurugenzi wa Idara ya Polisi ya Urusi kuanzia mwaka 1881 hadi 1884 na baadaye kama Wizara ya Mambo ya Ndani (Urusi)|Waziri wa Mambo ya Ndani kuanzia mwaka 1902 hadi alipouawa kwa assassination mnamo mwaka 1904. == Wasifu == Alizaliwa mjini [[Meshchovsk]], katika Gavana ya Kal...' 1550185 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vyacheslav Konstantinovich von Plehve''', {{OldStyleDate|20 Aprili|1846|8 Aprili}} &ndash; {{OldStyleDate|28 Julai|1904|15 Julai}}) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa Urusi aliyehudumu kama mkurugenzi wa Idara ya Polisi ya Urusi kuanzia mwaka 1881 hadi 1884 na baadaye kama Wizara ya Mambo ya Ndani (Urusi)|Waziri wa Mambo ya Ndani kuanzia mwaka 1902 hadi alipouawa kwa assassination mnamo mwaka 1904. == Wasifu == Alizaliwa mjini [[Meshchovsk]], katika [[Gavana ya Kaluga]], Urusi, mnamo tarehe 20 Aprili 1846.<ref name=spartacus>{{cite web | title=Vyacheslav Plehve | url=http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RUSplehve.htm | work=[[Spartacus Educational]] | access-date=7 July 2013 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130703171752/http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RUSplehve.htm | archive-date=3 July 2013 | url-status=usurped}}</ref> Plehve alikuwa mtoto wa pekee wa mwalimu Konstantin von Plehve na Elizaveta Mikhailovna Shamaev, ambaye alikuwa binti wa mmiliki mdogo wa ardhi. Mnamo mwaka 1851, familia ya Plehve ilihama kutoka Meshchovsk na kwenda [[Warsaw]] nchini [[Poland ya Kikongamano]] (Congress Poland) iliyokuwa chini ya udhibiti wa Urusi, ambako baba yake alipata kazi kama mwalimu katika [[Gimnasia (shule)|shule ya gimnasia]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1846|1904}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] n40vquynv9esn9fjks9fbhu515vic2k Kari Garmann 0 238595 1550187 2026-05-25T07:20:23Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Kari Garmann''' (alizaliwa '''Gram'''; 16 Juni 1945 – 7 Februari 2026) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Norway]] kutoka Chama cha Conservative. Alizaliwa mjini [[Oslo]] akiwa binti wa wakili wa mahakama Peder "Per" Gram na mwanariadha wa milima ya Alps (alpine skier) Johanne "Hannemor" Gram, aliyezaliwa Dybwad.<ref name=bio>{{stortingetbio|KAGA}}</ref> Babu na bibi upande wa baba yake walikuwa daktari Harald Mathias "Mads" Gram na mwanahistoria wa sanaa Irma...' 1550187 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kari Garmann''' (alizaliwa '''Gram'''; 16 Juni 1945 – 7 Februari 2026) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Norway]] kutoka Chama cha Conservative. Alizaliwa mjini [[Oslo]] akiwa binti wa wakili wa mahakama Peder "Per" Gram na mwanariadha wa milima ya Alps (alpine skier) Johanne "Hannemor" Gram, aliyezaliwa Dybwad.<ref name=bio>{{stortingetbio|KAGA}}</ref> Babu na bibi upande wa baba yake walikuwa daktari Harald Mathias "Mads" Gram na mwanahistoria wa sanaa Irma Ingertha Gram. Babu yake upande wa mama alikuwa wakili Nils Juell Dybwad;<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|year=1973|title=Gram, Peder|encyclopedia=[[Hvem er hvem?]]|editor=Steenstrup, Bjørn|publisher=Aschehoug|location=Oslo|url=[https://runeberg.org/hvemerhvem/1973/0184.html|page=184|language=Norwegian|access-date=21](https://runeberg.org/hvemerhvem/1973/0184.html|page=184|language=Norwegian|access-date=21) June 2012}}</ref> huku babu na bibi wa babu yake wakiwa Vilhelm Dybwad na Johanne Dybwad. Alimaliza elimu ya sekondari mwaka 1964 na akasoma katika Oslo Commerce School mwaka 1965. Alihitimu kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Oslo akiwa na Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sayansi ya Siasa na Jamii mwaka 1973. Alifanya kazi kama mshauri katika Manispaa ya Oslo kuanzia 1972, kisha kuanzia 1976 hadi 1980 alikuwa katibu wa kundi la baraza la jiji la Chama cha Conservative cha Oslo.<ref name=bio/> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1945|2026}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 092u02zcxzjmbgtipvdwdlz21ngamta Soyun Sadykov 0 238596 1550188 2026-05-25T07:22:57Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Soyun Kasumovich Sadykov''' ( alizaliwa 5 Machi 1960 mjini [[Gardabani]], [[Umoja wa Kisovieti|USSR]]) ni mwanasiasa wa Urusi, mwanaharakati wa jamii na kiongozi wa serikali, na mchezaji wa zamani wa karate ya [[Sambo (sanaa ya kijeshi)|sambo]]. Sadykov ni Mfumo wa Pamoja wa Uainishaji wa Michezo wa USSR na Urusi na Mtaalamu wa Michezo (Master of Sports), bingwa wa sambo wa USSR na mshindi wa tuzo katika Mashindano ya Sambo ya Ulaya. Aliongoza Mamlaka...' 1550188 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Soyun Kasumovich Sadykov''' ( alizaliwa 5 Machi 1960 mjini [[Gardabani]], [[Umoja wa Kisovieti|USSR]]) ni mwanasiasa wa Urusi, mwanaharakati wa jamii na kiongozi wa serikali, na mchezaji wa zamani wa karate ya [[Sambo (sanaa ya kijeshi)|sambo]]. Sadykov ni Mfumo wa Pamoja wa Uainishaji wa Michezo wa USSR na Urusi na Mtaalamu wa Michezo (Master of Sports), bingwa wa sambo wa USSR na mshindi wa tuzo katika Mashindano ya Sambo ya Ulaya. Aliongoza Mamlaka ya Kitaifa ya Kitamaduni ya Shirikisho la Waazerbaijani nchini Urusi (FNCA AZERROS). Sadykov ni Rais wa "Kituo cha Kuiga Maendeleo ya Kimkakati" (Strategic Development Modeling Center) na mwakilishi aliyeidhinishwa wa Rais wa Urusi [[Vladimir Putin]] katika [[Uchaguzi wa Rais wa Urusi wa 2012|uchaguzi wa kuanzia mwaka 2012]] hadi 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rostov.kp.ru/daily/press/detail/13961/|title=Встреча-примирение сторон конфликта из-за гибели футболиста из Азербайджана|author=Комсомольская правда {{!}} Сайт «Комсомольской правды»|publisher=KP.RU&nbsp;– сайт «Комсомольской правды»|language=ru|access-date=23 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite book| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=sWsuJOI90RcC&dq=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%8E%D0%BD&pg=PA159 | title = 33 и еще одна история из жизни нашего "Материка" |date = 2003 |publisher= ОЛМА Медиа Групп | isbn = 978-5-224-04553-2}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iarex.ru/articles/22954.html|title=Союн Садыков: Диалог власти и общества&nbsp;— новая политтехнология или новый Путин? - ИА REX|publisher=iarex.ru|language=ru|access-date=28 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gosnews.ru/news/nasledie/soyun_sadykov_byt_ili_ne_byt_stalinu_|title=Союн Садыков: "Быть или не быть Сталину..."|date=25 December 2014 |publisher=gosnews.ru|access-date=28 January 2020}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1960||}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] ox37ofh53w1v36oy560lrpoh23oraw7 Marte Gerhardsen 0 238597 1550189 2026-05-25T07:23:41Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Marte Gerhardsen''' (amezaliwa 21 Julai 1972) ni mtumishi wa umma, mwanasiasa na kiongozi wa mashirika kutoka [[Norwei|Norway]]. == Maisha ya binafsi == Marte Gerhardsen ni binti wa Rune Gerhardsen na Tove Strand, na dada wa Mina Gerhardsen.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Tove Strand |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |editor-last=Brodal |editor-first=Erik |publisher=Norsk nettleksikon |location=Oslo |url=[http://www.snl.no/Tove_Strand](http://www....' 1550189 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marte Gerhardsen''' (amezaliwa 21 Julai 1972) ni mtumishi wa umma, mwanasiasa na kiongozi wa mashirika kutoka [[Norwei|Norway]]. == Maisha ya binafsi == Marte Gerhardsen ni binti wa Rune Gerhardsen na Tove Strand, na dada wa Mina Gerhardsen.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Tove Strand |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |editor-last=Brodal |editor-first=Erik |publisher=Norsk nettleksikon |location=Oslo |url=[http://www.snl.no/Tove_Strand](http://www.snl.no/Tove_Strand) |language=no|access-date=21 March 2025}}</ref> Hivyo, yeye ni mjukuu wa [[Einar Gerhardsen]] na Werna Gerhardsen.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Rune Gerhardsen |first=Arvid |last=Jacobsen |first2=Knut Are |last2=Tvedt |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |editor-last=Brodal |editor-first=Erik |publisher=Norsk nettleksikon |location=Oslo |url=[http://www.snl.no/Rune_Gerhardsen](http://www.snl.no/Rune_Gerhardsen) |language=no|access-date=21 March 2025}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1972|}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 1w01zf4razb00bdefs3k1xapnl0hdy3 1550193 1550189 2026-05-25T07:36:33Z Hussein m mmbaga 52054 1550193 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marte Gerhardsen''' (amezaliwa [[21 Julai]] [[1972]]) ni mtumishi wa umma, mwanasiasa na kiongozi wa mashirika kutoka [[Norwei|Norway]]. == Maisha ya binafsi == Marte Gerhardsen ni binti wa Rune Gerhardsen na Tove Strand, na dada wa Mina Gerhardsen.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Tove Strand |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |editor-last=Brodal |editor-first=Erik |publisher=Norsk nettleksikon |location=Oslo |url=[http://www.snl.no/Tove_Strand](http://www.snl.no/Tove_Strand) |language=no|access-date=21 March 2025}}</ref> Hivyo, yeye ni mjukuu wa [[Einar Gerhardsen]] na Werna Gerhardsen.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Rune Gerhardsen |first=Arvid |last=Jacobsen |first2=Knut Are |last2=Tvedt |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |editor-last=Brodal |editor-first=Erik |publisher=Norsk nettleksikon |location=Oslo |url=[http://www.snl.no/Rune_Gerhardsen](http://www.snl.no/Rune_Gerhardsen) |language=no|access-date=21 March 2025}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1972|}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] h4w0n52ks50nl2rezixj8ihb1s6uiq7 Evgeniy Sapiro 0 238598 1550190 2026-05-25T07:32:44Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Evgeniy Saulovich Sapiro''' (29 Januari 1934 – 21 Septemba 2024) alikuwa mwanasiasa na mwanauchumi wa Umoja wa Kisovieti na [[Urusi]]. Alihudumu kama Wizara ya Maendeleo ya Kikanda (Urusi)|Waziri wa Sera ya Kikanda na Kitaifa wa Urusi mnamo mwaka 1998. Sapiro alifariki dunia mjini [[Perm, Urusi|Perm]], Urusi mnamo tarehe 21 Septemba 2024, akiwa na umri wa miaka 90.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://v-kurse.ru/2024/09/21/362107|title=Ушёл из жизни...' 1550190 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Evgeniy Saulovich Sapiro''' (29 Januari 1934 – 21 Septemba 2024) alikuwa mwanasiasa na mwanauchumi wa Umoja wa Kisovieti na [[Urusi]]. Alihudumu kama Wizara ya Maendeleo ya Kikanda (Urusi)|Waziri wa Sera ya Kikanda na Kitaifa wa Urusi mnamo mwaka 1998. Sapiro alifariki dunia mjini [[Perm, Urusi|Perm]], Urusi mnamo tarehe 21 Septemba 2024, akiwa na umri wa miaka 90.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://v-kurse.ru/2024/09/21/362107|title=Ушёл из жизни первый председатель ЗакСобрания Пермской области и бывший федеральный министр Сапиро Евгений|work=V-Kurse.ru|date=21 September 2024|access-date=21 September 2024|language=Russian}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://59.ru/text/politics/2024/09/21/74116973/?ysclid=m1bufvcieo846244019|title=Скончался пермский политик, экономист и преподаватель Евгений Сапиро|work=59.ru|date=21 September 2024|access-date=21 September 2024|language=Russian}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1934|2024}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] my056et38woe7t6ocje0l59ylzcuhw0 Bernhard Getz 0 238599 1550192 2026-05-25T07:33:49Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bernhard Getz''' (21 Machi 1850 – 1 Novemba 1901) alikuwa jaji wa [[Norwei|Norway]], profesa, mwanamageuzi wa sheria na meya wa [[Oslo]].<ref name="snl"/> Alizaliwa Strinda katika eneo la [[Sør-Trøndelag]], Norway. Alikuwa mwana wa mfanyabiashara Anton Lauritz Getz (1817–1868) na Anna Christence Jenssen (1825–1894). Alihitimu elimu ya artium katika Shule ya Kanisa Kuu la Trondheim mwaka 1868. Mwaka 1875 alisafiri nje ya nchi kwa ufadhili wa se...' 1550192 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bernhard Getz''' (21 Machi 1850 – 1 Novemba 1901) alikuwa jaji wa [[Norwei|Norway]], profesa, mwanamageuzi wa sheria na meya wa [[Oslo]].<ref name="snl"/> Alizaliwa Strinda katika eneo la [[Sør-Trøndelag]], Norway. Alikuwa mwana wa mfanyabiashara Anton Lauritz Getz (1817–1868) na Anna Christence Jenssen (1825–1894). Alihitimu elimu ya artium katika Shule ya Kanisa Kuu la Trondheim mwaka 1868. Mwaka 1875 alisafiri nje ya nchi kwa ufadhili wa serikali, na alikaa kwa muda mwingi mjini [[Leipzig]] akisomea sheria ya jinai na taratibu za sheria. Mwaka 1876, Getz aliteuliwa kuwa profesa wa sheria katika Chuo Kikuu cha Kristiania. Alipata shahada yake ya sheria mwaka 1889 katika Chuo Kikuu cha Copenhagen.<ref name="nbl"/> Kuanzia mwaka 1889 hadi 1901 alihudumu kama Mkurugenzi wa kwanza wa Mashtaka ya Umma wa Norway. Kuanzia mwaka 1891 aliongoza Tume ya Taifa ya Sheria za Mwenendo wa Madai ya Kiraia. Pia alikuwa mwanachama wa baraza la jiji la [[Oslo|Kristiania]] (sasa Oslo), na alikuwa meya kuanzia 1891 hadi 1892.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Bernhard Getz |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget |location=Oslo |url=[http://www.snl.no/Bernhard_Getz](http://www.snl.no/Bernhard_Getz) |language=Norwegian |accessdate=16 Oktoba 2010}}</ref><ref name=nbl>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Bernhard Getz |encyclopedia=[[Norsk biografisk leksikon]]|first=Georg Fredrik |last=Rieber-Mohn |authorlink=Georg Fredrik Rieber-Mohn |editor=[[Knut Helle|Helle, Knut]] |publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget |location=Oslo|url=[http://www.snl.no/.nbl_biografi/Bernhard_Getz/utdypning](http://www.snl.no/.nbl_biografi/Bernhard_Getz/utdypning) |accessdate=16 Oktoba 2010}}</ref> Alikuwa mwanachama wa Kamati ya Nobel ya Norway kuanzia mwaka 1897.<ref name=nbl/> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1850|1901}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] gmxcg6bij0urgrh4qrbyjlfb7brh4z7 Steinar Gil 0 238600 1550195 2026-05-25T07:39:08Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Steinar Gil''' (amezaliwa 27 Januari 1943) ni mwanafilolojia na mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norwei|Norway]]. == Kazi == Alizaliwa mjini [[Oslo]], na alifanya kazi katika Chuo Kikuu cha Oslo kuanzia mwaka 1972 hadi 1980. Alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1984, na alipandishwa cheo kuwa katibu msaidizi mwaka 1993. Alihudumu katika Ubalozi wa Norway mjini Moscow kuanzia 1996 hadi 1999, kabla ya kurejea katika Wizara ya Mambo...' 1550195 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Steinar Gil''' (amezaliwa 27 Januari 1943) ni mwanafilolojia na mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norwei|Norway]]. == Kazi == Alizaliwa mjini [[Oslo]], na alifanya kazi katika Chuo Kikuu cha Oslo kuanzia mwaka 1972 hadi 1980. Alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1984, na alipandishwa cheo kuwa katibu msaidizi mwaka 1993. Alihudumu katika Ubalozi wa Norway mjini Moscow kuanzia 1996 hadi 1999, kabla ya kurejea katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje kama mkuu wa idara ya Ulaya ya Mashariki. Baadaye alihudumu kama balozi wa Norway nchini [[Azerbaijan]] kuanzia 2002 hadi 2006, na nchini [[Lithuania]] kuanzia 2006 hadi 2011.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|year=2007|title=Steinar Gil|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|editor=Henriksen, Petter|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|url=[http://www.snl.no/Steinar_Gil|language=Norwegian|accessdate=2022-06-13}}](http://www.snl.no/Steinar_Gil|language=Norwegian|accessdate=2022-06-13}})</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1943|}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] d2ugthwtkdgf9bbfbe0kb1bigbqbeq4 Oleg Savelyev 0 238601 1550197 2026-05-25T07:43:44Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Oleg Genrikhovich Savelyev''' (kwa Kirusi: Олег Генрихович Савельев; alizaliwa 27 Oktoba 1965) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]]. Alihudumu kama [[Wizara ya Masuala ya Crimea|Waziri wa Masuala ya Crimea]] (31 Machi 2014 – 15 Juni 2015) na kama Naibu Waziri wa Maendeleo ya Kiuchumi (2008–2014) katika Serikali ya Shirikisho la Urusi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rg.ru/2014/03/31/post-anons.html|title=Министерство по дел...' 1550197 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Oleg Genrikhovich Savelyev''' (kwa Kirusi: Олег Генрихович Савельев; alizaliwa 27 Oktoba 1965) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]]. Alihudumu kama [[Wizara ya Masuala ya Crimea|Waziri wa Masuala ya Crimea]] (31 Machi 2014 – 15 Juni 2015) na kama Naibu Waziri wa Maendeleo ya Kiuchumi (2008–2014) katika Serikali ya Shirikisho la Urusi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rg.ru/2014/03/31/post-anons.html|title=Министерство по делам Крыма возглавит Олег Савельев|website=Российская газета|date=31 March 2014 |access-date=2016-07-24}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://argumenti.ru/society/2014/03/329061|title=Олег Савельев назначен главой Министерства по делам Крыма - АН-онлайн|website=argumenti.ru|access-date=2016-07-24}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1965||}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] ftpnw41rtea2wfw3kf9lhahuzz1wdlm Thorbjørn Gjølstad 0 238602 1550198 2026-05-25T07:46:02Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Thorbjørn Gjølstad''' (29 Septemba 1942 – 26 Mei 2015) alikuwa mwanasheria na mtumishi wa umma wa [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alihitimu Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Oslo mwaka 1968, na akahudumu kama naibu jaji katika Mahakama ya Wilaya ya Eidsvoll. Aliajiriwa katika Riksskattestyret, ambayo ni Mamlaka ya Kodi ya Norway, na pia alifanya kazi katika Mamlaka ya Mashtaka ya Norway kabla ya kuwa mkuu wa Idara ya Sheria za Kodi katika Wizar...' 1550198 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thorbjørn Gjølstad''' (29 Septemba 1942 – 26 Mei 2015) alikuwa mwanasheria na mtumishi wa umma wa [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alihitimu Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Oslo mwaka 1968, na akahudumu kama naibu jaji katika Mahakama ya Wilaya ya Eidsvoll. Aliajiriwa katika Riksskattestyret, ambayo ni Mamlaka ya Kodi ya Norway, na pia alifanya kazi katika Mamlaka ya Mashtaka ya Norway kabla ya kuwa mkuu wa Idara ya Sheria za Kodi katika Wizara ya Fedha ya Norway kuanzia mwaka 1988 hadi 2012. Katika mwaka wa kustaafu kwake alitunukiwa cheo cha Knight, Daraja la Kwanza cha Order of St. Olav.<ref>{{cite news|title=Thorbjørn Gjølstad|date=2 Juni 2015|work=Aftenposten|author=Scheel, Hans Henrik|author2=Noss, Amund|authorlink=Hans Henrik Scheel|page=27|language=Norwegian}}</ref> Alikuwa ameoa jaji wa Mahakama Kuu Liv Gjølstad.<ref>{{cite news |first=Benedicte |last=Ramm |title=Juridisk innavl |work=Dagens Næringsliv |date=5 Mei 2000 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1942|2015}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] l21x94vmwutni7iqjth38i12oi9s7k3 Andreas Tanberg Gløersen 0 238603 1550200 2026-05-25T07:52:06Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Hans Andreas Tanberg Gløersen''' (16 Februari 1836 – 1 Septemba 1904) alikuwa msimamizi wa misitu kutoka [[Norwei|Norway]]. == Wasifu == Alizaliwa katika Nordre Aurdal huko Oppland akiwa mtoto wa daktari Jørgen Gustav Gløersen (1806–1884) na Gunda Sophie Cathrine Tanberg (1811–1899). Alifanya mtihani wa examen artium mwaka 1853. Alipata Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria mwaka 1858, na baadaye shahada ya misitu katika Chuo Kikuu cha Giessen mwaka 18...' 1550200 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hans Andreas Tanberg Gløersen''' (16 Februari 1836 – 1 Septemba 1904) alikuwa msimamizi wa misitu kutoka [[Norwei|Norway]]. == Wasifu == Alizaliwa katika Nordre Aurdal huko Oppland akiwa mtoto wa daktari Jørgen Gustav Gløersen (1806–1884) na Gunda Sophie Cathrine Tanberg (1811–1899). Alifanya mtihani wa examen artium mwaka 1853. Alipata Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria mwaka 1858, na baadaye shahada ya misitu katika Chuo Kikuu cha Giessen mwaka 1860.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jon Gunnar Arntzen |title=Gløersen |url=[https://snl.no/Gl%C3%B8ersen](https://snl.no/Gl%C3%B8ersen) |access-date=February 1, 2018 |publisher=Store norske leksikon}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1836|1904}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 4pz0wxiuw1p55bof6fo0eomt1bj6bj3 Geir Grung (Mwanadiplomasia) 0 238604 1550201 2026-05-25T07:54:52Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Geir Grung''' (17 Agosti 1938 – 1 Juni 2005) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia wa [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alizaliwa mjini [[Bergen]], na alikuwa na elimu ya Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria. Alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1969, akapandishwa cheo kuwa naibu katibu mwaka 1977 na msemaji mwaka 1980. Alihudumu katika ubalozi wa Norway mjini [[Paris]] kuanzia mwaka 1984 hadi 1989, akiwa naibu katibu mkuu katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje kuan...' 1550201 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Geir Grung''' (17 Agosti 1938 – 1 Juni 2005) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia wa [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alizaliwa mjini [[Bergen]], na alikuwa na elimu ya Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria. Alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1969, akapandishwa cheo kuwa naibu katibu mwaka 1977 na msemaji mwaka 1980. Alihudumu katika ubalozi wa Norway mjini [[Paris]] kuanzia mwaka 1984 hadi 1989, akiwa naibu katibu mkuu katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje kuanzia 1991 hadi 1996, na baadaye kuwa balozi wa Norway nchini [[Italia]] kuanzia mwaka 1996 hadi 2002.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|year=2007|title=Geir Grung – norsk diplomat|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|editor=Henriksen, Petter|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|url=[http://www.snl.no/Geir_Grung/norsk_diplomat|language=Norwegian|accessdate=7](http://www.snl.no/Geir_Grung/norsk_diplomat|language=Norwegian|accessdate=7) Machi 2009}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1938|2005}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 5t3e164n1xxpcrbuu0u7xdgpqzujx5s Herman Hagen 0 238605 1550202 2026-05-25T07:57:50Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Herman Anton Hagen''' (1918 – 18 Juni 2011) alikuwa mwanasheria kutoka [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alitokea Molde na alifanya kazi kama wakili kabla ya kuingia katika sekta ya umma. Alikuwa afisa mkuu wa utawala wa Manispaa ya Harstad na baadaye Manispaa ya Sandnes kabla ya kuajiriwa mwaka 1968 kama mtendaji mkuu wa kwanza wa Shirika la Maendeleo ya Viwanda la Norway. Aliendelea kushika nafasi hiyo hadi alipostaafu mwaka 1988. Baadaye alirudi Sandnes ambako a...' 1550202 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Herman Anton Hagen''' (1918 – 18 Juni 2011) alikuwa mwanasheria kutoka [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alitokea Molde na alifanya kazi kama wakili kabla ya kuingia katika sekta ya umma. Alikuwa afisa mkuu wa utawala wa Manispaa ya Harstad na baadaye Manispaa ya Sandnes kabla ya kuajiriwa mwaka 1968 kama mtendaji mkuu wa kwanza wa Shirika la Maendeleo ya Viwanda la Norway. Aliendelea kushika nafasi hiyo hadi alipostaafu mwaka 1988. Baadaye alirudi Sandnes ambako aliishi katika miaka yake ya mwisho.<ref>{{cite news|title=Selskapet for industrivekstanlegg får direktør|newspaper=Aftenposten|date=6 July 1968|page=2|language=Norwegian}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Kjelstad|first=Harald|authorlink=Harald Kjelstad|title=Herman Hagen er død|newspaper=Stavanger Aftenblad|date=24 June 2011|language=Norwegian}}</ref> Pia alikuwa naibu mjumbe wa bodi ya Strukturfinans.<ref>{{cite news|title=Direktør G. Trier formann i Strukturfinans|newspaper=Aftenposten|date=30 October 1969|page=13|language=Norwegian}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1918|2011}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] sdsniznal7dgbthh3msl04mb99r0fi8 Caspar Peter Hagerup 0 238606 1550203 2026-05-25T08:01:51Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Caspar Peter Hagerup''' (12 Aprili 1777 – 28 Agosti 1840) alikuwa mtumishi wa umma wa [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alizaliwa mjini Christiansand. Alijiunga na masomo mwaka 1797, na akahitimu mafunzo yaliyomwezesha kuteuliwa kuwa karani wa mji (''byskriver'') katika mji wa [[Denmark|Denmark]] wa Kalundborg mwaka 1801. Mwaka 1809 aliteuliwa kuwa hakimu wa wilaya (''sorenskriver'') huko Flekkefjord, na mwaka 1820 katika Nordre Hedemarken. Kuanzia mwaka 1830 hadi...' 1550203 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Caspar Peter Hagerup''' (12 Aprili 1777 – 28 Agosti 1840) alikuwa mtumishi wa umma wa [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alizaliwa mjini Christiansand. Alijiunga na masomo mwaka 1797, na akahitimu mafunzo yaliyomwezesha kuteuliwa kuwa karani wa mji (''byskriver'') katika mji wa [[Denmark|Denmark]] wa Kalundborg mwaka 1801. Mwaka 1809 aliteuliwa kuwa hakimu wa wilaya (''sorenskriver'') huko Flekkefjord, na mwaka 1820 katika Nordre Hedemarken. Kuanzia mwaka 1830 hadi kifo chake mwaka 1840 alikuwa meya wa [[Trondhjem]].<ref name="bios">[[http://www.tfb.no/db/personalhistorie/3_7_20070228_135345.pdf](http://www.tfb.no/db/personalhistorie/3_7_20070228_135345.pdf) Biographies]</ref> Alimuoa Ulrikke Eleonore Steffens, dada yake mwanafalsafa Henrik Steffens. Mwana wao Henrik Steffens Hagerup alikuja kuwa mwanajeshi na mwanasiasa mashuhuri.<ref name="bios"/> Hagerup alikuwa mwanachama wa Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters kuanzia mwaka 1831. Alitunukiwa cheo cha Knight wa Order of Vasa ya [[Uswidi]].<ref name="bios"/> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1777|1840}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 185z6jggtjkvd3eltjia47m3nkkhu2t Igor Sechin 0 238607 1550204 2026-05-25T08:01:58Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Igor Ivanovich Sechin''' ( alizaliwa 7 Septemba 1960) ni [[mfanyabiashara]] na afisa wa serikali ya [[Urusi]], anachukuliwa kuwa mshirika wa karibu na "naibu wa de facto" wa [[Vladimir Putin]]. Yeye ni Afisa Mtendaji Mkuu (CEO) wa [[Rosneft]].<ref>''The Guardian''. 12 January 2017. Page 6.</ref> Sechin amekuwa mtu wa karibu na msiri wa kiongozi wa Urusi Vladimir Putin tangu mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1990. Sechin alikuwa mkuu wa wafanyakazi (chief of staff)...' 1550204 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Igor Ivanovich Sechin''' ( alizaliwa 7 Septemba 1960) ni [[mfanyabiashara]] na afisa wa serikali ya [[Urusi]], anachukuliwa kuwa mshirika wa karibu na "naibu wa de facto" wa [[Vladimir Putin]]. Yeye ni Afisa Mtendaji Mkuu (CEO) wa [[Rosneft]].<ref>''The Guardian''. 12 January 2017. Page 6.</ref> Sechin amekuwa mtu wa karibu na msiri wa kiongozi wa Urusi Vladimir Putin tangu mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1990. Sechin alikuwa mkuu wa wafanyakazi (chief of staff) wa Putin wakati Putin alipokuwa naibu meya wa St. Petersburg mnamo mwaka 1994. Wakati Putin alipokuwa Rais mnamo mwaka 2000, Sechin alikua naibu mkuu wa wafanyakazi wake, akisimamia idara za usalama na masuala ya nishati nchini Urusi.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Foy |first=Henry |date=2018-03-01 |title='We need to talk about Igor': the rise of Russia's most powerful oligarch |work=Financial Times |url=https://www.ft.com/content/dc7d48f8-1c13-11e8-aaca-4574d7dabfb6 |access-date=2022-03-03}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last1=Reznik |first1=Irina |last2=Bierman |first2=Stephen |last3=Meyer |first3=Henry |date=2014-02-07 |title=State-run Russian oil behemoth Rosneft helps Vladimir Putin tighten his economic grip |language=en-US |newspaper=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/state-run-russian-oil-behemoth-rosneft-helps-vladimir-putin-tighten-his-economic-grip/2014/02/07/c725a702-8d06-11e3-95dd-36ff657a4dae_story.html |access-date=2022-03-03 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref> Putin alimteua Sechin kuwa mwenyekiti wa Rosneft, kampuni ya mafuta ya serikali ya Urusi, mnamo mwaka 2004.<ref name="fpph">{{cite news |last1=Hussain |first1=Yadullah |date=10 March 2020 |title=Meet the Russian oil tycoon who likely triggered the Riyadh-Moscow oil war |publisher=[[Financial Post]], a division of Postmedia Network Inc |url=https://business.financialpost.com/executive/posthaste-meet-the-russian-oil-tycoon-who-likely-triggered-the-riyadh-moscow-oil-war |access-date=10 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200320230932/https://business.financialpost.com/executive/posthaste-meet-the-russian-oil-tycoon-who-likely-triggered-the-riyadh-moscow-oil-war |archive-date=20 March 2020}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> Alihudumu kama Naibu Waziri Mkuu wa Urusi katika baraza la mawaziri la [[Vladimir Putin]] kuanzia mwaka 2008 hadi 2012.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Luhn |first=Alec |date=2017-02-08 |title=The "Darth Vader" of Russia: meet Igor Sechin, Putin's right-hand man |url=https://www.vox.com/world/2017/2/8/14539800/igor-sechin-putin-trump-sanctions-oil-rosneft-tillerson-secretary-of-state-kremlin |access-date=2022-03-03 |website=Vox |language=en}}</ref> Kwa sasa, yeye ndiye [[afisa mtendaji mkuu]], [[Rais (wadhifa wa shirika)|rais]] na mwenyekiti wa bodi ya usimamizi ya Rosneft.<ref name="fpph" /> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1960||}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] lw8gn89onwtxy5zg8euf4u1ec46q2lj Kjell H. Halvorsen 0 238608 1550205 2026-05-25T08:04:55Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Kjell H. Halvorsen''' (4 Mei 1946 – 18 Machi 2006) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia kutoka Norway. Alihitimu kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Oslo mwaka 1976 akiwa na Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sanaa (sawa na PhD) katika sayansi ya siasa. Alifanya kazi katika Chuo Kikuu cha Oslo kuanzia 1977 hadi 1983 kabla ya kuajiriwa katika Shirika la Norway la Ushirikiano wa Maendeleo mwaka 1983 na katika Wizara ya Ushirikiano wa Maendeleo ya Norway mwaka 1984. Alipandishwa cheo kuwa ka...' 1550205 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kjell H. Halvorsen''' (4 Mei 1946 – 18 Machi 2006) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia kutoka Norway. Alihitimu kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Oslo mwaka 1976 akiwa na Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sanaa (sawa na PhD) katika sayansi ya siasa. Alifanya kazi katika Chuo Kikuu cha Oslo kuanzia 1977 hadi 1983 kabla ya kuajiriwa katika Shirika la Norway la Ushirikiano wa Maendeleo mwaka 1983 na katika Wizara ya Ushirikiano wa Maendeleo ya Norway mwaka 1984. Alipandishwa cheo kuwa katibu msaidizi, kisha naibu mkurugenzi, na baadaye naibu katibu mkuu mwaka 1991, miaka miwili baada ya Wizara ya Ushirikiano wa Maendeleo kuunganishwa ndani ya Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway. Kuanzia 1999 hadi 2003 alihudumu kama balozi wa Norway nchini [[Iceland]]. Kuanzia 2003 hadi kifo chake alihudumu kama kiongozi wa Sekretarieti ya Nordic katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje.<ref>{{cite news |work=[[Aftenposten]]|title=Kjell H. Halvorsen (obituary)|author=Namtvedt, Leidulv|author-link=Leidulv Namtvedt|date=22 March 2006|language=no }}</ref><ref name=obit2>{{cite news |work=[[Morgunblaðið]]|title=Kjell H. Halvorsen (obituary)|date=23 March 2006|language=is|url=[http://mbl.is/mm/gagnasafn/grein.html?grein_id=1073314|access-date=22](http://mbl.is/mm/gagnasafn/grein.html?grein_id=1073314|access-date=22) February 2011}}</ref> Mwaka 2000 alitunukiwa cheo cha Kamanda wa Agizo la Kifalme la Heshima la Norway.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ordensdryss i UD|date=28 August 2000|work=Aftenposten|page=12|language=no}}</ref> Alikuwa ameoa na alikuwa na binti mmoja. Alifariki mwezi Machi 2006 mjini [[Oslo]].<ref name=obit2/> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1946|2006}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 62uwl6m9g2mkfbtrvhmdhx3k9qgtz3i Oleg Seleznyov 0 238609 1550207 2026-05-25T08:14:34Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Oleg Viktorovich Seleznyov''' (22 Julai 1959 – 6 Oktoba 2021) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa Urusi. Alihudumu kama mwanachama wa Baraza la Shirikisho (Urusi) na Baraza la Shirikisho la Bunge la Shirikisho kama mwakilishi wa mamlaka ya utendaji ya [[Adygea]] kuanzia mwaka 2017 hadi alipofariki dunia. == Maisha ya mapema == Seleznyov alizaliwa mnamo tarehe 22 Julai 1959. Alisoma katika Shule ya Juu ya Kijeshi ya Makomando wa Mawasiliano ya Novocherkassk ({{ill|...' 1550207 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Oleg Viktorovich Seleznyov''' (22 Julai 1959 – 6 Oktoba 2021) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa Urusi. Alihudumu kama mwanachama wa Baraza la Shirikisho (Urusi) na Baraza la Shirikisho la Bunge la Shirikisho kama mwakilishi wa mamlaka ya utendaji ya [[Adygea]] kuanzia mwaka 2017 hadi alipofariki dunia. == Maisha ya mapema == Seleznyov alizaliwa mnamo tarehe 22 Julai 1959. Alisoma katika Shule ya Juu ya Kijeshi ya Makomando wa Mawasiliano ya Novocherkassk ({{ill|Novocherkassk Higher Military Command School of Communications |ru|Новочеркасское высшее военное командное училище связи}}), na kuhitimu mwaka 1980 kama afisa mwenye elimu ya juu maalumu ya kijeshi, akibobea kama mhandisi wa mawasiliano ya redio.<ref name="FC">{{cite web|url=http://council.gov.ru/structure/persons/1373/|title=Селезнев Олег Викторович|date=5 August 2021 |publisher=[[Federation Council (Russia)|Federation Council]]|language=ru|access-date=8 October 2021}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1959|2021}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] e1vxb0o5xvkifvwfwtyqqlupx0v8nea Franz Albert Seyn 0 238610 1550208 2026-05-25T08:21:51Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Franz Albert Seyn''' (Aleksandrovich Zeyn}}; 27 Julai 1862 – msimu wa joto 1918) alikuwa jenerali wa Urusi aliyehudumu kama Gavana Mkuu wa Finland kuanzia tarehe 24 Novemba 1909 hadi 16 Machi 1917. Alikuwa mmoja wa watekelezaji wakuu wa [[Sera za Kirusi nchini Finland]] (Russification of Finland) kuanzia mwaka 1909 hadi 1917. == Wasifu == === Maisha ya mapema na kazi === Seyn alitokea katika familia ya makabaila wadogo wa [[Gavana ya Vitebsk]], amba...' 1550208 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Franz Albert Seyn''' (Aleksandrovich Zeyn}}; 27 Julai 1862 – msimu wa joto 1918) alikuwa jenerali wa Urusi aliyehudumu kama Gavana Mkuu wa Finland kuanzia tarehe 24 Novemba 1909 hadi 16 Machi 1917. Alikuwa mmoja wa watekelezaji wakuu wa [[Sera za Kirusi nchini Finland]] (Russification of Finland) kuanzia mwaka 1909 hadi 1917. == Wasifu == === Maisha ya mapema na kazi === Seyn alitokea katika familia ya makabaila wadogo wa [[Gavana ya Vitebsk]], ambapo baba yake, Aleksandr Seyn, alihudumu kwanza kama afisa wa jeshi na baadaye kama mtumishi wa umma. Eneo hilo lilikuwa na wakazi wa makabila ya Wabelarusi, Walithuania, Wapolandi, na Wayahudi wa madhehebu mbalimbali ya kidini. Tangu akiwa mdogo, Seyn alikuwa anafahamu jinsi serikali ya Urusi ilivyokuwa ikishughulika na makundi ya watu wachache wenye asili tofauti za kitaifa, jambo ambalo alikutana nalo tena baadaye alipohudumu kama luteni usu huko [[Kaukazi]] (Caucasus), baada ya kuhitimu shule ya maafisa na mizinga. Alidahiliwa katika [[Chuo cha Kijeshi cha Kifalme cha Urusi]] mnamo mwaka 1885, ambapo alijipambanua kwa bidii na umakini wake katika kazi.<ref>Pertti Luntinen: ''F. A. Seyn 1862 - 1918 - A Political Biography of a tsarist Imperialist as Administrator of Finland'', Helsinky, 1985, {{ISBN|951-9254-72-2}}, in English.</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1862|1918}} [[Jamii:Majenerali wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Magavana Wakuu wa Finland]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] pkngb0n2kweel0qnzbaefsx3zv1nmtr 1550209 1550208 2026-05-25T08:23:04Z Egipa 87700 1550209 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Franz Albert Seyn''' (Aleksandrovich Zeyn}}; 27 Julai 1862 – msimu wa joto 1918) alikuwa jenerali wa [[Urusi]] aliyehudumu kama Gavana Mkuu wa Finland kuanzia tarehe 24 Novemba 1909 hadi 16 Machi 1917. Alikuwa mmoja wa watekelezaji wakuu wa [[Sera za Kirusi nchini Finland]] (Russification of Finland) kuanzia mwaka 1909 hadi 1917. == Wasifu == === Maisha ya mapema na kazi === Seyn alitokea katika familia ya makabaila wadogo wa [[Gavana ya Vitebsk]], ambapo baba yake, Aleksandr Seyn, alihudumu kwanza kama afisa wa jeshi na baadaye kama mtumishi wa umma. Eneo hilo lilikuwa na wakazi wa makabila ya Wabelarusi, Walithuania, Wapolandi, na Wayahudi wa madhehebu mbalimbali ya kidini. Tangu akiwa mdogo, Seyn alikuwa anafahamu jinsi serikali ya Urusi ilivyokuwa ikishughulika na makundi ya watu wachache wenye asili tofauti za kitaifa, jambo ambalo alikutana nalo tena baadaye alipohudumu kama luteni usu huko [[Kaukazi]] (Caucasus), baada ya kuhitimu shule ya maafisa na mizinga. Alidahiliwa katika [[Chuo cha Kijeshi cha Kifalme cha Urusi]] mnamo mwaka 1885, ambapo alijipambanua kwa bidii na umakini wake katika kazi.<ref>Pertti Luntinen: ''F. A. Seyn 1862 - 1918 - A Political Biography of a tsarist Imperialist as Administrator of Finland'', Helsinky, 1985, {{ISBN|951-9254-72-2}}, in English.</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1862|1918}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] bdcfxiqhfiaipbiviyysi5x29byzcuh Even Hammer 0 238611 1550210 2026-05-25T08:23:54Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Even Hammer''' (1 Julai 1732 – 22 Februari 1800) alikuwa mtumishi wa umma wa [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alizaliwa Ringsaker katika kaunti ya Hedmark. Alikuwa mwana wa kasisi wa parokia Ole Hannibalsen Hammer, ambaye alikuwa msimamizi wa kanisa katika Kanisa la Nes. Mwaka 1752, alijiunga kama mwanafunzi katika Shule ya Kanisa Kuu ya Christiania, ambapo baadaye alifundisha kuanzia 1756 hadi 1768. Pia aliingia Chuo Kikuu cha Copenhagen mwaka 1752 na akapata Sha...' 1550210 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Even Hammer''' (1 Julai 1732 – 22 Februari 1800) alikuwa mtumishi wa umma wa [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alizaliwa Ringsaker katika kaunti ya Hedmark. Alikuwa mwana wa kasisi wa parokia Ole Hannibalsen Hammer, ambaye alikuwa msimamizi wa kanisa katika Kanisa la Nes. Mwaka 1752, alijiunga kama mwanafunzi katika Shule ya Kanisa Kuu ya Christiania, ambapo baadaye alifundisha kuanzia 1756 hadi 1768. Pia aliingia Chuo Kikuu cha Copenhagen mwaka 1752 na akapata Shahada ya Uzamili mwaka 1758. Mwaka 1768 alisafiri nje ya nchi na kufanya masomo katika vyuo vikuu vya [[Oxford]], [[Cambridge]], [[Leiden]], [[Göttingen]], na [[Paris]]. Kuanzia mwaka 1773 hadi kifo chake mwaka 1800, alihudumu kama Gavana wa Mkoa (''County Governor'') wa Romsdals amt. Mwaka 1777 alipewa cheo cha Court of Justice ({{Lang|da|Justisråd}}), na mwaka 1781 akateuliwa kuwa Counsellor wa Serikali (''Etatsråd'').<ref name=snl/><ref name=nbl/> == Marejeo == {{reflist|refs= <ref name=snl>{{Cite encyclopedia|title=Even Hammer |first1=Arne |last1=Apelseth |first2=Magnus A. |last2=Mardal |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |editor-last=Bolstad | editor-first=Erik |publisher=Norsk nettleksikon |location=Oslo |url=[https://snl.no/Even_Hammer](https://snl.no/Even_Hammer) |language=no |access-date=22 Aprili 2026}}</ref> <ref name=nbl>{{Cite encyclopedia |last=Apelseth |first=Arne |author-link= |year=2001 |editor-first=Jon Gunnar |editor-last=Arntzen |editor-link=Jon Gunnar Arntzen |title=Hammer, Even |encyclopedia=[[Norsk biografisk leksikon]] |language=no |volume=4 |edition=2nd |publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget |location=Oslo |pages=36-37 |isbn=82-573-1006-9}}</ref> }} {{s-start}} {{s-off}} {{s-bef |before=[[Niels Krog Collin]]}} {{s-ttl |title=[[Orodha ya Magavana wa Kaunti ya Møre na Romsdal|Gavana wa Kaunti ya Romsdals amt]]|years=1773–1800}} {{s-aft |after=[[Ole Hannibal Sommerfelt]]}} {{s-end}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Hammer, Even}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] odo1doq4wi5bqbw6t7t91l861jubdw9 1550212 1550210 2026-05-25T08:35:15Z Justine Msechu 45962 1550212 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Even Hammer''' (1 Julai 1732 – 22 Februari 1800) alikuwa mtumishi wa umma wa [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alizaliwa Ringsaker katika kaunti ya Hedmark. Alikuwa mwana wa kasisi wa parokia Ole Hannibalsen Hammer, ambaye alikuwa msimamizi wa kanisa katika Kanisa la Nes. Mwaka 1752, alijiunga kama mwanafunzi katika Shule ya Kanisa Kuu ya Christiania, ambapo baadaye alifundisha kuanzia 1756 hadi 1768. Pia aliingia Chuo Kikuu cha Copenhagen mwaka 1752 na akapata Shahada ya Uzamili mwaka 1758. Mwaka 1768 alisafiri nje ya nchi na kufanya masomo katika vyuo vikuu vya [[Oxford]], [[Cambridge]], [[Leiden]], [[Göttingen]], na [[Paris]]. Kuanzia mwaka 1773 hadi kifo chake mwaka 1800, alihudumu kama Gavana wa Mkoa (''County Governor'') wa Romsdals amt. Mwaka 1777 alipewa cheo cha Court of Justice na mwaka 1781 akateuliwa kuwa Counsellor wa Serikali (''Etatsråd'').<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia|title=Even Hammer |first1=Arne |last1=Apelseth |first2=Magnus A. |last2=Mardal |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |editor-last=Bolstad | editor-first=Erik |publisher=Norsk nettleksikon |location=Oslo |url=[https://snl.no/Even_Hammer](https://snl.no/Even_Hammer) |language=no |access-date=22 Aprili 2026}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |last=Apelseth |first=Arne |author-link= |year=2001 |editor-first=Jon Gunnar |editor-last=Arntzen |editor-link=Jon Gunnar Arntzen |title=Hammer, Even |encyclopedia=[[Norsk biografisk leksikon]] |language=no |volume=4 |edition=2nd |publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget |location=Oslo |pages=36-37 |isbn=82-573-1006-9}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{rflist}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Hammer, Even}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 7zeiehj62bgey7s21n2js5a7oj32hda 1550219 1550212 2026-05-25T08:47:50Z Justine Msechu 45962 Masahihisho aliyefanya [[Special:Contributions/Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[User talk:Justine Msechu|Majadiliano]]) yalirejeshwa hadi sahihisho la mwisho na [[User:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] 1550210 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Even Hammer''' (1 Julai 1732 – 22 Februari 1800) alikuwa mtumishi wa umma wa [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alizaliwa Ringsaker katika kaunti ya Hedmark. Alikuwa mwana wa kasisi wa parokia Ole Hannibalsen Hammer, ambaye alikuwa msimamizi wa kanisa katika Kanisa la Nes. Mwaka 1752, alijiunga kama mwanafunzi katika Shule ya Kanisa Kuu ya Christiania, ambapo baadaye alifundisha kuanzia 1756 hadi 1768. Pia aliingia Chuo Kikuu cha Copenhagen mwaka 1752 na akapata Shahada ya Uzamili mwaka 1758. Mwaka 1768 alisafiri nje ya nchi na kufanya masomo katika vyuo vikuu vya [[Oxford]], [[Cambridge]], [[Leiden]], [[Göttingen]], na [[Paris]]. Kuanzia mwaka 1773 hadi kifo chake mwaka 1800, alihudumu kama Gavana wa Mkoa (''County Governor'') wa Romsdals amt. Mwaka 1777 alipewa cheo cha Court of Justice ({{Lang|da|Justisråd}}), na mwaka 1781 akateuliwa kuwa Counsellor wa Serikali (''Etatsråd'').<ref name=snl/><ref name=nbl/> == Marejeo == {{reflist|refs= <ref name=snl>{{Cite encyclopedia|title=Even Hammer |first1=Arne |last1=Apelseth |first2=Magnus A. |last2=Mardal |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |editor-last=Bolstad | editor-first=Erik |publisher=Norsk nettleksikon |location=Oslo |url=[https://snl.no/Even_Hammer](https://snl.no/Even_Hammer) |language=no |access-date=22 Aprili 2026}}</ref> <ref name=nbl>{{Cite encyclopedia |last=Apelseth |first=Arne |author-link= |year=2001 |editor-first=Jon Gunnar |editor-last=Arntzen |editor-link=Jon Gunnar Arntzen |title=Hammer, Even |encyclopedia=[[Norsk biografisk leksikon]] |language=no |volume=4 |edition=2nd |publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget |location=Oslo |pages=36-37 |isbn=82-573-1006-9}}</ref> }} {{s-start}} {{s-off}} {{s-bef |before=[[Niels Krog Collin]]}} {{s-ttl |title=[[Orodha ya Magavana wa Kaunti ya Møre na Romsdal|Gavana wa Kaunti ya Romsdals amt]]|years=1773–1800}} {{s-aft |after=[[Ole Hannibal Sommerfelt]]}} {{s-end}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Hammer, Even}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] odo1doq4wi5bqbw6t7t91l861jubdw9 1550220 1550219 2026-05-25T08:50:06Z Justine Msechu 45962 1550220 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Even Hammer''' (1 Julai 1732 – 22 Februari 1800) alikuwa mtumishi wa umma wa [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alizaliwa Ringsaker katika kaunti ya Hedmark. Alikuwa mwana wa kasisi wa parokia Ole Hannibalsen Hammer, ambaye alikuwa msimamizi wa kanisa katika Kanisa la Nes. Mwaka 1752, alijiunga kama mwanafunzi katika Shule ya Kanisa Kuu ya Christiania, ambapo baadaye alifundisha kuanzia 1756 hadi 1768. Pia aliingia Chuo Kikuu cha Copenhagen mwaka 1752 na akapata Shahada ya Uzamili mwaka 1758. Mwaka 1768 alisafiri nje ya nchi na kufanya masomo katika vyuo vikuu vya [[Oxford]], [[Cambridge]], [[Leiden]], [[Göttingen]], na [[Paris]]. Kuanzia mwaka 1773 hadi kifo chake mwaka 1800, alihudumu kama Gavana wa Mkoa (''County Governor'') wa Romsdals amt. Mwaka 1777 alipewa cheo cha Court of Justice, na mwaka 1781 akateuliwa kuwa Counsellor wa Serikali (''Etatsråd'').<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia|title=Even Hammer |first1=Arne |last1=Apelseth |first2=Magnus A. |last2=Mardal |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |editor-last=Bolstad | editor-first=Erik |publisher=Norsk nettleksikon |location=Oslo |url=[https://snl.no/Even_Hammer](https://snl.no/Even_Hammer) |language=no |access-date=22 Aprili 2026}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |last=Apelseth |first=Arne |author-link= |year=2001 |editor-first=Jon Gunnar |editor-last=Arntzen |editor-link=Jon Gunnar Arntzen |title=Hammer, Even |encyclopedia=[[Norsk biografisk leksikon]] |language=no |volume=4 |edition=2nd |publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget |location=Oslo |pages=36-37 |isbn=82-573-1006-9}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Hammer, Even}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] dsoneiaj9b5bhlyu9w368ag5v03a5oy Rolf Willy Hansen 0 238612 1550211 2026-05-25T08:31:06Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Rolf Willy Hansen''' ni mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1975. Kuanzia 1993 hadi 1994 alikuwa naibu mkurugenzi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje, kisha alihudumu kwa miaka mitatu kama mshauri. Kuanzia 1997 hadi 2000 alihudumu kama balozi mdogo (consul-general) mjini [[Hong Kong]]. Baada ya kuwa mkuu wa idara katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje kuanzia 2001 hadi 2005, alihudumu kama balo...' 1550211 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rolf Willy Hansen''' ni mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1975. Kuanzia 1993 hadi 1994 alikuwa naibu mkurugenzi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje, kisha alihudumu kwa miaka mitatu kama mshauri. Kuanzia 1997 hadi 2000 alihudumu kama balozi mdogo (consul-general) mjini [[Hong Kong]]. Baada ya kuwa mkuu wa idara katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje kuanzia 2001 hadi 2005, alihudumu kama balozi mdogo mjini [[Minneapolis]] kuanzia 2005 hadi 2008. Baadaye alikuwa balozi wa Norway nchini [[Syria]] kuanzia 2008 hadi 2012 na balozi nchini [[Saudi Arabia]] kuanzia 2014 hadi 2017.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Rolf Willy Hansen|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|url=[http://www.snl.no/Rolf_Willy_Hansen|language=Norwegian|accessdate=7](http://www.snl.no/Rolf_Willy_Hansen|language=Norwegian|accessdate=7) April 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Rolf Willy Hansen |url=[https://snl.no/Rolf_Willy_Hansen](https://snl.no/Rolf_Willy_Hansen) |website=LARGE NORWEGIAN ENCYCLOPEDIA |access-date=10 April 2024}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1940s||}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 01zfj28cqvg6cisodbpp3xruuxfmzy6 Vladimir Shcherbak (mwanasiasa) 0 238613 1550213 2026-05-25T08:36:28Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Vladimir Nikolayevich Shcherbak''' (1939&ndash;2010) alikuwa mtendaji wa chama cha [[Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Umoja wa Kisovieti|CPSU]] na mwanasiasa wa Umoja wa Kisovieti na [[Urusi]]. Nyadhifa zake za mwisho kabla ya kustaafu mnamo mwaka 2000 zilikuwa Naibu Waziri Mkuu wa Urusi|Naibu Mwenyekiti wa Serikali ya Shirikisho la Urusi (1999–2000) na Wizara ya Kilimo Urusi, (1999).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://portrets.ru/5.52.html|title=Щербак Вла...' 1550213 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vladimir Nikolayevich Shcherbak''' (1939&ndash;2010) alikuwa mtendaji wa chama cha [[Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Umoja wa Kisovieti|CPSU]] na mwanasiasa wa Umoja wa Kisovieti na [[Urusi]]. Nyadhifa zake za mwisho kabla ya kustaafu mnamo mwaka 2000 zilikuwa Naibu Waziri Mkuu wa Urusi|Naibu Mwenyekiti wa Serikali ya Shirikisho la Urusi (1999–2000) na Wizara ya Kilimo Urusi, (1999).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://portrets.ru/5.52.html|title=Щербак Владимир Николаевич министр СХ РФ(1999г.)|website=portrets.ru}}</ref> Alikuwa na cheo cha juu cha utumishi wa umma wa shirikisho cha [[Mshauri Amilifu wa Serikali wa Daraja la Kwanza wa Shirikisho la Urusi]] (1st class Active State Councillor of the Russian Federation).<ref>Decree|index=303|date=3 March 1999|legislature=[[President of Russia]]|title=О присвоении квалификационных разрядов федеральным государственным служащим Министерства сельского хозяйства и продовольствия Российской Федерации|language=ru|url=http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?searchres=&bpas=cd00000&a3=102000503&a3type=1&a3value=&a6=102000070&a6type=1&a6value=&a15=&a15type=1&a15value=&a7type=1&a7from=&a7to=&a7date=03.03.1999&a8=303&a8type=1&a1=&a0=&a16=&a16type=1&a16value=&a17=&a17type=1&a17value=&a4=&a4type=1&a4value=&a23=&a23type=1&a23value=&textpres=&sort=7&x=63&y=12}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1939|2010}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] n68kuqos9xw5i2uygo48zo1322r87st Anatoly Shevtsov 0 238614 1550215 2026-05-25T08:40:52Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Anatoly Egorovich Shevtsov''' (15 Agosti 1933 – 12 Desemba 2025) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa Urusi. Akiwa mwanachama wa Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Umoja wa Kisovieti, alihudumu katika [[Mkutano wa Wawakilishi wa Watu wa Urusi]] (Congress of People's Deputies) kuanzia mwaka 1990 hadi 1993.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?Hero_id=17142|title=Шевцов Анатолий Егорович|work=warheroes.ru|language=Russian}}</ref> == M...' 1550215 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anatoly Egorovich Shevtsov''' (15 Agosti 1933 – 12 Desemba 2025) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa Urusi. Akiwa mwanachama wa Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Umoja wa Kisovieti, alihudumu katika [[Mkutano wa Wawakilishi wa Watu wa Urusi]] (Congress of People's Deputies) kuanzia mwaka 1990 hadi 1993.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?Hero_id=17142|title=Шевцов Анатолий Егорович|work=warheroes.ru|language=Russian}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1933|2025}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] 4kl9ycd7o7b8rvjd7gslapmocrbap0s 1550217 1550215 2026-05-25T08:45:42Z Egipa 87700 1550217 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anatoly Egorovich Shevtsov''' (15 Agosti 1933 – 12 Desemba 2025) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]]. Akiwa mwanachama wa Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Umoja wa Kisovieti, alihudumu katika [[Mkutano wa Wawakilishi wa Watu wa Urusi]] (Congress of People's Deputies) kuanzia mwaka 1990 hadi 1993.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?Hero_id=17142|title=Шевцов Анатолий Егорович|work=warheroes.ru|language=Russian}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1933|2025}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] k2wa4t77z9mh4x494vm9at4ajlhym82 Ivan Shilov 0 238615 1550216 2026-05-25T08:43:57Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ivan Shilov''' (3 Septemba 1930 – 22 Desemba 2021) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa Umoja wa Kisovieti na [[Urusi]]. Akiwa mwanachama wa Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Umoja wa Kisovieti, alihudumu kama Wizara ya Mambo ya Ndani (Umoja wa Kisovieti)|Naibu Waziri wa Mambo ya Ndani kuanzia mwaka 1988 hadi 1991.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://shieldandsword.mozohin.ru/personnel/shilov_i_f.htm|title=ШИЛОВ Иван Федорович|work=mozohin.ru|language=Russian}}</re...' 1550216 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ivan Shilov''' (3 Septemba 1930 – 22 Desemba 2021) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa Umoja wa Kisovieti na [[Urusi]]. Akiwa mwanachama wa Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Umoja wa Kisovieti, alihudumu kama Wizara ya Mambo ya Ndani (Umoja wa Kisovieti)|Naibu Waziri wa Mambo ya Ndani kuanzia mwaka 1988 hadi 1991.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://shieldandsword.mozohin.ru/personnel/shilov_i_f.htm|title=ШИЛОВ Иван Федорович|work=mozohin.ru|language=Russian}}</ref> Shilov alifariki dunia mnamo tarehe 22 Desemba 2021, akiwa na umri wa miaka 91.<ref>{{cite news |last= |first= |date=22 December 2021|title=Ушёл из жизни председатель Российского совета ОВД и ВВ генерал-полковник Иван Шилов|trans-title= |url=https://vvesti.com/pamyat/usel-iz-zizni-predsedatel-rossijskogo-soveta-ovd-i-vv-general-polkovnik-ivan-silov|language=Russian|work=vvesti.com|location=Moscow|access-date=24 December 2021}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1930|2021}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] mwglm3ycx571qkrulpmpfx5r8w9jlqw Trygve Harvold 0 238616 1550218 2026-05-25T08:46:27Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Trygve Harvold''' (amezaliwa 28 Agosti 1944) ni mtumishi wa umma wa [[Norwei|Norway]]. Mwaka 1981 aliteuliwa kuwa mkurugenzi mkuu wa Lovdata,<ref name=stolav>{{cite news|title=St. Olav til Lovdatasjefen|date=4 Februari 2000|work=Aftenposten|page=10|language=Norwegian}}</ref> wadhifa aliouhudumia hadi 1 Septemba 2010.<ref>{{cite web |url=[https://www.facebook.com/lovdata/posts/146718318695012|title=Ukurasa](https://www.facebook.com/lovdata/posts/1467183...' 1550218 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Trygve Harvold''' (amezaliwa 28 Agosti 1944) ni mtumishi wa umma wa [[Norwei|Norway]]. Mwaka 1981 aliteuliwa kuwa mkurugenzi mkuu wa Lovdata,<ref name=stolav>{{cite news|title=St. Olav til Lovdatasjefen|date=4 Februari 2000|work=Aftenposten|page=10|language=Norwegian}}</ref> wadhifa aliouhudumia hadi 1 Septemba 2010.<ref>{{cite web |url=[https://www.facebook.com/lovdata/posts/146718318695012|title=Ukurasa](https://www.facebook.com/lovdata/posts/146718318695012|title=Ukurasa) wa Facebook wa Lovdata 30 Agosti 2010|website=[[Facebook]] |accessdate=8 Desemba 2010}}</ref> Mwaka 2000 alitunukiwa cheo cha Knight, Daraja la Kwanza cha Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav kutokana na mchango wake katika Lovdata.<ref name=stolav/> Kuanzia mwaka 2003 hadi 2011 alikuwa mjumbe wa Kamati ya Uangalizi wa Ujasusi ya Bunge la Norway.<ref>{{cite web|url=[http://www.eos-utvalget.no/hXGXCTgZfM5P.35.idium|title=Wanachama|publisher=Kamati](http://www.eos-utvalget.no/hXGXCTgZfM5P.35.idium|title=Wanachama|publisher=Kamati) ya Uangalizi wa Ujasusi ya Bunge la Norway|accessdate=21 Septemba 2010}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1944|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 4y6k6rfvcz7j864k5ndl1nijl1zzbpw Anne Kari Lande Hasle 0 238617 1550223 2026-05-25T09:18:11Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Anne Kari Lande Hasle''' (amezaliwa 4 Januari 1946) ni mtumishi wa umma kutoka [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alizaliwa [[Oslo]], lakini alikulia [[Bergen]] na kuanzia mwaka 1957 akalelewa Nøtterøy. Alimaliza elimu ya sekondari katika Tønsberg mwaka 1964. Baada ya masomo mafupi katika Chuo Kikuu cha Oslo, alihitimu kama Mtaalamu wa kazi za kijamii katika *Norges kommunal- og sosialhøyskole* mwaka 1970. Baada ya kipindi cha kufanya kazi kama mfanyakazi wa kijam...' 1550223 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anne Kari Lande Hasle''' (amezaliwa 4 Januari 1946) ni mtumishi wa umma kutoka [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alizaliwa [[Oslo]], lakini alikulia [[Bergen]] na kuanzia mwaka 1957 akalelewa Nøtterøy. Alimaliza elimu ya sekondari katika Tønsberg mwaka 1964. Baada ya masomo mafupi katika Chuo Kikuu cha Oslo, alihitimu kama Mtaalamu wa kazi za kijamii katika *Norges kommunal- og sosialhøyskole* mwaka 1970. Baada ya kipindi cha kufanya kazi kama mfanyakazi wa kijamii, aliajiriwa katika Wizara ya Masuala ya Kijamii ya Norway mwaka 1971. Mwaka 1977 aliajiriwa kama mshauri katika Wizara ya Masuala ya Watumiaji na Utawala ya Norway, na alipandishwa cheo kuwa katibu msaidizi mwaka 1980. Baada ya kuhudumu katika Wizara ya Sheria na Polisi ya Norway]], alifanya kazi kama mshauri maalum kuhusu sera za biashara haramu ya dawa za kulevya kuanzia 1982 hadi 1983. Baadaye alirejea katika Wizara ya Masuala ya Watumiaji na Utawala akiwa naibu katibu mkuu. Mwaka 1991 aliteuliwa kuwa katibu mkuu wa kudumu (nafasi ya juu kabisa ya utumishi wa umma katika wizara) katika Wizara ya Watoto na Familia ya Norway. Hii ilikuwa wizara mpya iliyobadilishwa jina kutoka Wizara ya Masuala ya Watumiaji. Alikuwa mwanamke wa pili—baada ya Karin M. Bruzelius—kushika nafasi hiyo ya juu katika utumishi wa umma wa Norway.<ref name=women>{{cite news|title=Kvinner trår til i offentlig ledelse|author=Haugli, Åsne|work=Dagens Næringsliv|date=24 July 2008|page=14|language=Norwegian}}</ref> Alikuwa mjumbe wa ujumbe wa Norway katika mazungumzo ya uanachama wa Muungano wa Ulaya (EU) kuanzia 1992 hadi 1994. Kuanzia 1996 hadi 1999 alikuwa mkurugenzi wa kwanza wa Norwegian Social Research (NOVA). Mwaka 1999 aliteuliwa kuwa katibu mkuu wa kudumu katika Wizara ya Afya na Huduma za Jamii ya Norway.<ref name=ntb60>{{cite news|title=60 år 4. januar: Departementsråd Anne Kari Lande Hasle|agency=Norwegian News Agency|date=16 December 2005|language=Norwegian}}</ref> Alistaafu kutoka wadhifa huo Oktoba 2012.<ref>{{cite press release|title=Bjørn-Inge Larsen ny departementsråd|date=26 October 2012|url=[http://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dep/hod/pressesenter/pressemeldinger/2012/bjorn-inge-larsen-ny-departementsrad.html?id=706114|publisher=[[Government.no]]|language=Norwegian|accessdate=27](http://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dep/hod/pressesenter/pressemeldinger/2012/bjorn-inge-larsen-ny-departementsrad.html?id=706114|publisher=[[Government.no]]|language=Norwegian|accessdate=27) October 2012}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1946|}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] tf18hicm9vu6cl4c6vop1vgz1xt89t3 Georgy Shpak 0 238618 1550228 2026-05-25T09:46:04Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Georgy Ivanovich Shpak''' (alizaliwa 8 Septemba 1943) ni Kanali Jenerali mstaafu wa Vikosi vya Ndege vya [[Urusi]] (Russian Airborne Forces). Alihitimisha kazi yake ya kijeshi kama [[Kamanda wa Vikosi vya Ndege vya Urusi]] kuanzia mwaka 1996 hadi 2003,<ref>{{cite news|title=Russian troops storm rebel bastion |url=http://www.expressindia.com/ie/daily/20000114/iin14023.html |accessdate=3 January 2011 |newspaper=[[Express India]] |date=14 January 2000 |age...' 1550228 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Georgy Ivanovich Shpak''' (alizaliwa 8 Septemba 1943) ni Kanali Jenerali mstaafu wa Vikosi vya Ndege vya [[Urusi]] (Russian Airborne Forces). Alihitimisha kazi yake ya kijeshi kama [[Kamanda wa Vikosi vya Ndege vya Urusi]] kuanzia mwaka 1996 hadi 2003,<ref>{{cite news|title=Russian troops storm rebel bastion |url=http://www.expressindia.com/ie/daily/20000114/iin14023.html |accessdate=3 January 2011 |newspaper=[[Express India]] |date=14 January 2000 |agency=AGENCE FRANCE PRESSE |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121011031337/http://www.expressindia.com/ie/daily/20000114/iin14023.html |archivedate=October 11, 2012 |df=mdy}}</ref> na baada ya hapo alikuwa [[Gavana]] wa [[Mkoa wa Ryazan]], [[Urusi]] kuanzia mwaka 2004 hadi 2008.<ref>{{cite news|title=New Leaders Named in Two Regions; Is Moscow Next?|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/1144069.html|access-date=3 January 2011|newspaper=Radio Free Europe|date=11 March 2008}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1943||}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] s30kzuier3852kh9bvj95rt73341w1v Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anneliedk 3 238619 1550229 2026-05-25T09:48:14Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1550229 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) m8i2h6lglfrjrzrd6n6wu8lkhmopj76 Marius Nygaard Haug 0 238620 1550230 2026-05-25T09:48:16Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Marius Nygaard Haug''' (amezaliwa 1960) ni mwanasheria wa [[Norwei|Norway]]. Miongoni mwa nafasi alizowahi kushika ni nafasi ya uongozi katika Norges Bank Investment Management. Yeye ni mtoto wa Bjørn Haug na Agnes Nygaard Haug, na mjukuu wa jaji wa Mahakama ya Juu Marius Nygaard.<ref name=esa92>{{cite news|title=Kremjobber i Geneve|date=22 Oktoba 1992|work=Dagens Næringsliv|page=21|first=Kjell|last=Thompson|language=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedi...' 1550230 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marius Nygaard Haug''' (amezaliwa 1960) ni mwanasheria wa [[Norwei|Norway]]. Miongoni mwa nafasi alizowahi kushika ni nafasi ya uongozi katika Norges Bank Investment Management. Yeye ni mtoto wa Bjørn Haug na Agnes Nygaard Haug, na mjukuu wa jaji wa Mahakama ya Juu Marius Nygaard.<ref name=esa92>{{cite news|title=Kremjobber i Geneve|date=22 Oktoba 1992|work=Dagens Næringsliv|page=21|first=Kjell|last=Thompson|language=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Bjørn Haug|encyclopedia=[[Norsk biografisk leksikon]]|first=Sven Ole|last=Fagernæs|author-link=Sven Ole Fagernæs|editor=Helle, Knut|editor-link=Knut Helle|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|url=[http://www.snl.no/.nbl_biografi/Bj%C3%B8rn_Haug/utdypning|language=no|access-date=6](http://www.snl.no/.nbl_biografi/Bj%C3%B8rn_Haug/utdypning|language=no|access-date=6) Februari 2010}}</ref> Alihitimu kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Oslo akiwa na shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria mwaka 1988.<ref>{{cite news|title=Juridisk embedseksamen i Oslo|date=18 Julai 1988|work=Aftenposten|page=14|language=no}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1960|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 69kozhvv8ewwnvahtt9vqkvt918pqq0 Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kengkong1 3 238621 1550231 2026-05-25T09:48:24Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1550231 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) m8i2h6lglfrjrzrd6n6wu8lkhmopj76 Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:WMS.Nemo 3 238622 1550232 2026-05-25T09:48:34Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1550232 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) m8i2h6lglfrjrzrd6n6wu8lkhmopj76 Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Syik 3 238623 1550233 2026-05-25T09:48:44Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1550233 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) m8i2h6lglfrjrzrd6n6wu8lkhmopj76 Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kühlwassertempatur5669 3 238624 1550234 2026-05-25T09:48:54Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1550234 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) m8i2h6lglfrjrzrd6n6wu8lkhmopj76 Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Tirolischleioans 3 238625 1550235 2026-05-25T09:49:04Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1550235 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) pn0j6hade4tqk8ed8t3cqiwtrc6ju4s Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Sebastiano Mugnaio 3 238626 1550236 2026-05-25T09:49:14Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1550236 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) pn0j6hade4tqk8ed8t3cqiwtrc6ju4s Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rwamuningi 3 238627 1550237 2026-05-25T09:49:24Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1550237 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) pn0j6hade4tqk8ed8t3cqiwtrc6ju4s Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Lwr1016 3 238628 1550238 2026-05-25T09:49:34Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1550238 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) pn0j6hade4tqk8ed8t3cqiwtrc6ju4s Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Djcatcha 3 238629 1550239 2026-05-25T09:49:44Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1550239 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) pn0j6hade4tqk8ed8t3cqiwtrc6ju4s Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:NDA1997 3 238630 1550240 2026-05-25T09:49:54Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1550240 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) pn0j6hade4tqk8ed8t3cqiwtrc6ju4s Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Imani andrea 3 238631 1550241 2026-05-25T09:50:04Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1550241 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) cg1sgtz4a9a6t68ik4fj3517zotliov Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Triceratopsman 3 238632 1550242 2026-05-25T09:50:14Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1550242 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) cg1sgtz4a9a6t68ik4fj3517zotliov Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:TikoHV 3 238633 1550243 2026-05-25T09:50:24Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1550243 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) cg1sgtz4a9a6t68ik4fj3517zotliov Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Heinie129 3 238634 1550244 2026-05-25T09:50:34Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1550244 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) cg1sgtz4a9a6t68ik4fj3517zotliov Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Asende123 3 238635 1550245 2026-05-25T09:50:44Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1550245 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) cg1sgtz4a9a6t68ik4fj3517zotliov Evgeny Shulepov 0 238636 1550246 2026-05-25T09:50:52Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Evgeny Borisovich Shulepov''' (8 Juni 1958 – 17 Septemba 2025) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]] na meya wa zamani wa [[Vologda]], [[Mkoa wa Vologda]], kuanzia mwaka 2008 hadi 2016. == Maisha na kazi == Shulepov alizaliwa huko Kroplevo, Wilaya ya Gryazovetsky, Mkoa wa Vologda, [[Jamhuri ya Kisovieti ya Kijamii ya Kiitikadi ya Urusi|Russian SFSR]], [[Umoja wa Kisovieti|USSR]] mnamo tarehe 8 Juni 1958. Alihudumu kama mbunge wa Baraza la Kutungia Sheria l...' 1550246 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Evgeny Borisovich Shulepov''' (8 Juni 1958 – 17 Septemba 2025) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]] na meya wa zamani wa [[Vologda]], [[Mkoa wa Vologda]], kuanzia mwaka 2008 hadi 2016. == Maisha na kazi == Shulepov alizaliwa huko Kroplevo, Wilaya ya Gryazovetsky, Mkoa wa Vologda, [[Jamhuri ya Kisovieti ya Kijamii ya Kiitikadi ya Urusi|Russian SFSR]], [[Umoja wa Kisovieti|USSR]] mnamo tarehe 8 Juni 1958. Alihudumu kama mbunge wa Baraza la Kutungia Sheria la Mkoa wa Vologda (2021–2025). Kuanzia mwaka 2008 hadi 2016, alikuwa meya wa jiji la [[Vologda]]. Pia alikuwa mbunge wa Duma ya Taifa na Duma ya Taifa ya Shirikisho la Urusi katika mkutano wa saba (VII convocation) kuanzia mwaka 2016 hadi 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Шулепов Евгений Борисович |url=http://duma.gov.ru/duma/persons/99112892/ |access-date=18 September 2025 |website=Государственная Дума |language=ru}}</ref> Alikuwa mwanachama wa chama cha [[Urusi Moja]] (United Russia), na mjumbe wa Kamati ya Duma ya Taifa kuhusu Masoko ya Fedha.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Шулепов Евгений Борисович |url=http://duma.gov.ru/duma/persons/99112892/ |access-date=18 September 2025 |website=Государственная Дума |language=ru}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1958|2025}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] h1euyo7jza4qhoujmvzzqnea0rruq0m Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Murekezirwanda 3 238637 1550247 2026-05-25T09:50:54Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1550247 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) cg1sgtz4a9a6t68ik4fj3517zotliov Sergei Shuvalov 0 238638 1550248 2026-05-25T09:55:44Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sergei Alekseyevich Shuvalov''' (24 Juni 1951 – 25 Septemba 2021) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi|Urusi.]] Alihudumu kama mwenyekiti wa Duma ya Mkoa wa Saratov kuanzia mwaka 2002 hadi 2005, na kama mwanachama wa Baraza la Shirikisho (Urusi)|Baraza la Shirikisho la Bunge la Shirikisho (Urusi)|Bunge la Shirikisho la Shirikisho la Urusi kama mwakilishi wa {{ill|Serikali ya Mkoa wa Saratov|ru|Правительство Саратовской области...' 1550248 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sergei Alekseyevich Shuvalov''' (24 Juni 1951 – 25 Septemba 2021) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi|Urusi.]] Alihudumu kama mwenyekiti wa Duma ya Mkoa wa Saratov kuanzia mwaka 2002 hadi 2005, na kama mwanachama wa Baraza la Shirikisho (Urusi)|Baraza la Shirikisho la Bunge la Shirikisho (Urusi)|Bunge la Shirikisho la Shirikisho la Urusi kama mwakilishi wa {{ill|Serikali ya Mkoa wa Saratov|ru|Правительство Саратовской области|lt=mamlaka ya utendaji ya Mkoa wa Saratov}} kati ya mwaka 2005 na 2010. == Maisha ya mapema na elimu == Shuvalov alizaliwa mnamo tarehe 24 Juni 1951 mjini [[Saratov]], wakati huo ukiwa sehemu ya Jamhuri ya Kisovieti ya Kijamii ya Kiitikadi ya Urusi, katika [[Umoja wa Kisovieti]].<ref name=FC>{{cite web|url=http://council.gov.ru/services/reference/9757/|title=Шувалов Сергей Алексеевич |publisher=[[Federation Council (Russia)|Federation Council]]|language=ru|access-date=16 September 2021}}</ref><ref name=lo>{{cite web|url=http://lobbying.ru/content/persons/id_1293_linkid_9.html|title=Шувалов Сергей Алексеевич|publisher=lobbying.ru|language=ru|access-date=16 September 2021}}</ref> Alisoma katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Ufundi cha Jimbo la Saratov cha Yuri Gagarin|Taasisi ya Politekniki ya Saratov]], akahitimu mnamo mwaka 1973 na kuwa mtafiti mdogo katika idara ya vifaa vya kielektroniki ya taasisi hiyo. Baadaye alitunukiwa shahada ya Uzamivu (Doctorate) ya Sayansi ya Uchumi na alikuwa profesa.<ref name=lo/><ref name=vg>{{cite web|first=Olga|last=Fetisova|url=https://www.vzsar.ru/news/2021/09/26/yshel-iz-jizni-sergey-shyvalov.html|title=Ушел из жизни Сергей Шувалов|publisher=Vzglyad-info|language=ru|date=26 September 2021|access-date=26 September 2021}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1951|2021}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] dawxnd2gr79p0ii88yfesd79oyjrl6c Claude Allin Shepperson 0 238639 1550249 2026-05-25T10:00:58Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Claude Allin Shepperson''' ([[Oktoba 25]], [[1867]] – [[Desemba 30]], [[1921]]) alikuwa [[msanii]], [[mchoraji]] picha, na mtengenezaji wa michoro nchini [[Uingereza]] aliyebobea hasa katika matukio ya kijamii na mandhari.<ref>Obituary of Claude Allin Shepperson A.R.A. (1922) The Connoisseur, Volume 62, Hearst Corporation</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1867]] Jamii:Waliofariki 19...' 1550249 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Claude Allin Shepperson''' ([[Oktoba 25]], [[1867]] – [[Desemba 30]], [[1921]]) alikuwa [[msanii]], [[mchoraji]] picha, na mtengenezaji wa michoro nchini [[Uingereza]] aliyebobea hasa katika matukio ya kijamii na mandhari.<ref>Obituary of Claude Allin Shepperson A.R.A. (1922) The Connoisseur, Volume 62, Hearst Corporation</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1867]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1921]] rq4fzchfvc9u4nnpurruqi6gxyoedhh Sergey Sirotkin (mwanasiasa) 0 238640 1550250 2026-05-25T10:02:51Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sergey Nikanorovich Sirotkin''' (14 Aprili 1952 – 28 Mei 2023) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]] aliyekuwa mwanachama wa [[Duma ya Taifa]] kupitia Chama cha Kiliberali cha Kidemokrasia cha Urusi (LDPR).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ldpr.ru/#power/State_Duma/deputys/Sirotkin_Sergey|script-title=ru:Сироткин Сергей Никанорович|publisher=Liberal Democratic Party of Russia|language=Russian|accessdate=19 July 2013}}</ref> Alikuwa mju...' 1550250 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sergey Nikanorovich Sirotkin''' (14 Aprili 1952 – 28 Mei 2023) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]] aliyekuwa mwanachama wa [[Duma ya Taifa]] kupitia Chama cha Kiliberali cha Kidemokrasia cha Urusi (LDPR).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ldpr.ru/#power/State_Duma/deputys/Sirotkin_Sergey|script-title=ru:Сироткин Сергей Никанорович|publisher=Liberal Democratic Party of Russia|language=Russian|accessdate=19 July 2013}}</ref> Alikuwa mjumbe wa Kamati ya Duma ya Taifa kuhusu Sera ya Kiuchumi, Ujasiriamali na Utalii. Hapo awali alikuwa mwanachama wa Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Umoja wa Kisovieti, na alijiunga na chama cha LDPR mnamo mwaka 1991. Alihitimu kutoka Chuo cha Amri na Uhandisi cha Krylov na alifanya kazi katika jeshi. Kuanzia mwaka 1996 hadi 2000, Sirotkin alikuwa mbunge wa Baraza la Kutungia Sheria la Mkoa wa Ivanovo katika mkutano wa pili (2nd convocation).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ivoblduma.ru/about/istoriya-dumy/zakonodatelnoe-sobranie-2-go-sozyva/|title=Законодательное собрание 2-го созыва|website=www.ivoblduma.ru|accessdate=10 November 2019}}</ref> Mnamo tarehe 2 Machi 2008, alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge wa Duma ya Mkoa wa Ivanovo katika mkutano wa tano.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ivoblduma.ru/about/istoriya-dumy/ivanovskaya-oblastnaya-duma-5-go-sozyva/|title=Ивановская областная Дума 5-го созыва|website=www.ivoblduma.ru|accessdate=10 November 2019|archive-date=10 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191110162254/https://www.ivoblduma.ru/about/istoriya-dumy/ivanovskaya-oblastnaya-duma-5-go-sozyva/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1952|2023}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] jzkgq6ytfre4h9s2idxx3f3tyuallkm Yury Skuratov 0 238641 1550252 2026-05-25T10:12:16Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Yury Ilyich Skuratov''' (alizaliwa 3 Julai 1952) ni mwanasheria na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Urusi]]. Skuratov alizaliwa mjini [[Ulan-Ude]]. Kuanzia mwaka 1995 hadi 1999, alikuwa [[Mwanasheria Mkuu wa Urusi]] (Prosecutor-General of Russia). Mnamo mwezi Februari mwaka 1999, alifichua uwepo wa kashfa ya kifedha ya [[FIMACO]].[https://grokipedia.com/page/Yury%20Skuratov] <ref name="Powell28031999">{{Cite news |last=Powell |first=Bill |date=28 March 1999 |title=...' 1550252 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yury Ilyich Skuratov''' (alizaliwa 3 Julai 1952) ni mwanasheria na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Urusi]]. Skuratov alizaliwa mjini [[Ulan-Ude]]. Kuanzia mwaka 1995 hadi 1999, alikuwa [[Mwanasheria Mkuu wa Urusi]] (Prosecutor-General of Russia). Mnamo mwezi Februari mwaka 1999, alifichua uwepo wa kashfa ya kifedha ya [[FIMACO]].[https://grokipedia.com/page/Yury%20Skuratov] <ref name="Powell28031999">{{Cite news |last=Powell |first=Bill |date=28 March 1999 |title=Follow the Money |work=[[Newsweek]] |url=https://www.newsweek.com/follow-money-163696 |access-date=10 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140304045010/https://www.newsweek.com/follow-money-163696 |archive-date=4 March 2014}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1952||}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] abfn5u1xgs0kolmzvjikmkvbi175n2w Frederic Shields 0 238642 1550253 2026-05-25T10:12:36Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Frederic James Shields''' ([[Machi 14]], [[1833]] – [[Februari 26]], [[1911]]) alikuwa [[msanii]], [[mchoraji]] picha, na mbunifu wa [[Uingereza]] aliyehusishwa kwa karibu na Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood kupitia [[Dante Gabriel Rossetti]] na [[Ford Madox Brown]].<ref>''The New York Times''. 30.11.1919.</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1833]] Jamii:Walio...' 1550253 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frederic James Shields''' ([[Machi 14]], [[1833]] – [[Februari 26]], [[1911]]) alikuwa [[msanii]], [[mchoraji]] picha, na mbunifu wa [[Uingereza]] aliyehusishwa kwa karibu na Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood kupitia [[Dante Gabriel Rossetti]] na [[Ford Madox Brown]].<ref>''The New York Times''. 30.11.1919.</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1833]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1911]] fub18q0xq9iwrb11aajkzzij5kwzog3 Nick Shingler 0 238643 1550254 2026-05-25T10:14:54Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Nick Shingler''' (alizaliwa [[1959]]) ni mchora katuni, [[mchoraji]] picha, na mkaguzi wa majengo wa [[Uingereza]] anayejulikana kwa kazi yake ya sanaa na katuni, hasa zile zilizochapishwa kwa ushirikiano na ''Coventry Telegraph''.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Live|first=Coventry|date=2014-03-13|title=Telegraph cartoonist's work in the frame at city's new music museum|url=http://www.coventrytelegraph.net/news/coventry-news/coventry-telegraph-cartoonist...' 1550254 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nick Shingler''' (alizaliwa [[1959]]) ni mchora katuni, [[mchoraji]] picha, na mkaguzi wa majengo wa [[Uingereza]] anayejulikana kwa kazi yake ya sanaa na katuni, hasa zile zilizochapishwa kwa ushirikiano na ''Coventry Telegraph''.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Live|first=Coventry|date=2014-03-13|title=Telegraph cartoonist's work in the frame at city's new music museum|url=http://www.coventrytelegraph.net/news/coventry-news/coventry-telegraph-cartoonists-work-goes-6812799|access-date=2021-05-13|website=CoventryLive|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1959]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] dxk9ju87in6mzu7q1yffo2u928874a3 Nikolai Snessarev 0 238644 1550255 2026-05-25T10:15:24Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Nikolai Vasilyevich Snessarev''' (26 Januari 1856, [[Saint Petersburg]], [[Milki ya Urusi]], — 7 Desemba 1928, [[Berlin]], [[Ujerumani]]) alikuwa [[mwandishi wa habari]] wa Urusi, mwandishi, mhakiki wa fasihi (aliyejulikana pia kama N. S. na N. Snegov) na mwanasiasa. Katika miaka ya 1910, alikuwa mwanachama wa [[Duma ya Jiji la Saint Petersburg]]. Alikuwa mchangiaji na afisa mashuhuri wa gazeti la ''[[Novoye Vremya (gazeti)|Novoye Vremya]]'' (kuanzi...' 1550255 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nikolai Vasilyevich Snessarev''' (26 Januari 1856, [[Saint Petersburg]], [[Milki ya Urusi]], — 7 Desemba 1928, [[Berlin]], [[Ujerumani]]) alikuwa [[mwandishi wa habari]] wa Urusi, mwandishi, mhakiki wa fasihi (aliyejulikana pia kama N. S. na N. Snegov) na mwanasiasa. Katika miaka ya 1910, alikuwa mwanachama wa [[Duma ya Jiji la Saint Petersburg]]. Alikuwa mchangiaji na afisa mashuhuri wa gazeti la ''[[Novoye Vremya (gazeti)|Novoye Vremya]]'' (kuanzia 1887 hadi 1913). Baadaye, akiwa uhamishoni, alikuwa mfuasi wa [[Grand Duke Kirill Vladimirovich wa Urusi]] ambapo alishirikiana na Count Vladimir Bobrinsky kuandika Manifest ya mwaka 1924 iliyomtangaza Kirill kuwa mrithi wa kiti cha enzi cha Urusi. Vitabu viwili vikuu vya Snessarev, "The New Times Mirage" (1914) na "Kirill I, the Koburg Emperor" (1925), viliandikwa kwa njia ya kejeli na dhihaka (satire) vikipinga gazeti la ''Novoye Vremya'' pamoja na Grand Duke huyo wa Urusi, ambao kufikia wakati huo alikuwa amepoteza imani nao kabisa.<ref name="pomni_pro">{{cite web | author = | date = | url = http://pomnipro.ru/memorypage75481/biography| archive-url = https://archive.today/20140811221823/http://pomnipro.ru/memorypage75481/biography| url-status = usurped| archive-date = August 11, 2014|title = Nikolai Vasilyevich Snessarev| publisher = pomnipro.ru| accessdate = 2014-01-13}}</ref><ref name="rus_sky">{{cite web | author = Kiselyov, A.F.| date = | url = http://www.rus-sky.com/history/library/emigration/emigration6.htm|title = Nikolai Vasilyevich Snessarev | publisher = The Political History of Russian Emigration | accessdate = 2014-01-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1856|1928}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] 56ddscjjh9wn032r24ooualnz1xj8ve Øystein Hauge 0 238645 1550257 2026-05-25T10:15:55Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Øystein Hauge''' (amezaliwa 10 Desemba 1956 mjini Vegårshei, Aust-Agder) ni mwandishi wa [[Norwei|Norway]]. Anatokea Vegårshei. Alianza kazi yake ya fasihi mwaka 1989 kwa kuchapisha mkusanyiko wa mashairi uitwao ''Messe og maskespel''.<ref>{{cite news|url=[http://www.dagbladet.no/2009/02/25/kultur/litteratur/bibliotek/bibliotekk/oystein_hauge/5029841/|title=–](http://www.dagbladet.no/2009/02/25/kultur/litteratur/bibliotek/bibliotekk/oystein_hauge/...' 1550257 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Øystein Hauge''' (amezaliwa 10 Desemba 1956 mjini Vegårshei, Aust-Agder) ni mwandishi wa [[Norwei|Norway]]. Anatokea Vegårshei. Alianza kazi yake ya fasihi mwaka 1989 kwa kuchapisha mkusanyiko wa mashairi uitwao ''Messe og maskespel''.<ref>{{cite news|url=[http://www.dagbladet.no/2009/02/25/kultur/litteratur/bibliotek/bibliotekk/oystein_hauge/5029841/|title=–](http://www.dagbladet.no/2009/02/25/kultur/litteratur/bibliotek/bibliotekk/oystein_hauge/5029841/|title=–) Det finnes skapdrikkere, og hyllelesere|last=Fotland|first=Maiken Nøtsund|date=25 Februari 2009|work=Dagbladet|language=Norwegian|accessdate=24 Mei 2009}}</ref> Nje ya kazi ya fasihi, amewahi kufanya kazi kama mtumishi wa umma katika Wizara ya Sheria na pia katika Mamlaka ya Huduma ya Lazima ya Kiraia ya Taifa.<ref>{{cite web|url=[http://www.dagbladet.no/forfatter/oystein_hauge.html|title=Hauge](http://www.dagbladet.no/forfatter/oystein_hauge.html|title=Hauge), Øystein|year=2003|publisher=Dagbladet|language=Norwegian|accessdate=24 Mei 2009}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1956|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] imh1c818zbizelk7hl2rgmytzu45ijk John Sibbick 0 238646 1550258 2026-05-25T10:18:06Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''John Sibbick''' (alizaliwa [[1949]]) ni [[mchoraji]] picha wa [[Uingereza]] na [[msanii]] , anayejulikana kwa maonyesho yake ya maisha ya kabla ya historia na kwa sanaa yake ya fantasia.Alipata umaarufu mkubwa kwa kazi yake ya uchoraji wa [[dinosauri]] katika vitabu vya [[David Norman]] kama ''The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs'' ([[1985]]).<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=White |first=Steve |title=Dinosaur Art: The World's Greatest Paleoart |d...' 1550258 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Sibbick''' (alizaliwa [[1949]]) ni [[mchoraji]] picha wa [[Uingereza]] na [[msanii]] , anayejulikana kwa maonyesho yake ya maisha ya kabla ya historia na kwa sanaa yake ya fantasia.Alipata umaarufu mkubwa kwa kazi yake ya uchoraji wa [[dinosauri]] katika vitabu vya [[David Norman]] kama ''The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs'' ([[1985]]).<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=White |first=Steve |title=Dinosaur Art: The World's Greatest Paleoart |date=2012 |publisher=Titan Books |isbn=978-0-85768-584-1 |pages=102–114 |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1949]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 8hq0yua4tr6v0noinw1tfhk96qlmd5v Mikhail Stakhovich 0 238647 1550259 2026-05-25T10:19:15Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mikhail Aleksandrovich Stakhovich''' (20 Januari 1861, katika [[Gavana ya Oryol]]<ref>Липецкая энциклопедия / сост. В. В. Шахов, Б. М. Шальнев. — Липецк: ''Липецкое издательство''; Рязань: Гэлион, 2001. — Т. 3. — С. 288-289. — {{ISBN|5-94570-015-0}}.</ref> – 23 Septemba 1923, mjini [[Aix-en-Provence]]) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi|Urusi.]] Stakhovich alichaguliwa...' 1550259 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mikhail Aleksandrovich Stakhovich''' (20 Januari 1861, katika [[Gavana ya Oryol]]<ref>Липецкая энциклопедия / сост. В. В. Шахов, Б. М. Шальнев. — Липецк: ''Липецкое издательство''; Рязань: Гэлион, 2001. — Т. 3. — С. 288-289. — {{ISBN|5-94570-015-0}}.</ref> – 23 Septemba 1923, mjini [[Aix-en-Provence]]) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi|Urusi.]] Stakhovich alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge wa [[Duma ya Taifa|Duma]] mnamo mwaka 1906 kama mwanachama wa chama cha [[Muungano wa Oktoba 17]] (Octobrist) na akachaguliwa tena katika Duma ya pili mnamo mwaka 1907, ambapo aliongoza [[Chama cha Ufufuaji wa Amani]] (Party of Peaceful Renovation). == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1861|1923}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] 2nleuokrxiiz0l6fi2ycd22p1e38sp4 Sidney Sime 0 238648 1550260 2026-05-25T10:21:56Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sidney Herbert Sime''' ([[1865]] – [[Mei 22]], [[1941]])alikuwa [[msanii]] nchini [[Uingereza]] wa mapema karne ya 20, anayejulikana zaidi kwa kazi zake za kisanii za fantasia na kejeli , hasa michoro yake ya hadithi za mwandishi wa fantasia wa [[Eire]] [[Lord Dunsany]].<ref>[[Martin Gardner|Gardner, Martin]] (Autumn 1949), "Sidney Sime of Worplesdon", ''[[The Arkham Sampler]]'' (This article was reprinted in Gardner's 1983 book ''Order and Surprise''...' 1550260 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sidney Herbert Sime''' ([[1865]] – [[Mei 22]], [[1941]])alikuwa [[msanii]] nchini [[Uingereza]] wa mapema karne ya 20, anayejulikana zaidi kwa kazi zake za kisanii za fantasia na kejeli , hasa michoro yake ya hadithi za mwandishi wa fantasia wa [[Eire]] [[Lord Dunsany]].<ref>[[Martin Gardner|Gardner, Martin]] (Autumn 1949), "Sidney Sime of Worplesdon", ''[[The Arkham Sampler]]'' (This article was reprinted in Gardner's 1983 book ''Order and Surprise''; Buffalo, New York: [[Prometheus Books]], pp 47-56, with an updated "Postscript".)</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1865]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1941]] ocxyzcvpj4wzc5u8unkqm68v34e30vn Karl von Struve 0 238649 1550261 2026-05-25T10:22:30Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Karl von Struve''' (pia anajulikana kama '''de Struve''';26 Novemba 1835 – 26 Juni 1907) alikuwa kabaila na mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]] mwenye asili ya [[Wajerumani wa Baltic]]. Alihudumu, kwa nyakati tofauti, kama Balozi Mdogo wa Urusi na Waziri Mwenye Mamlaka Kamili nchini [[Japani]], [[Marekani]], na [[Uholanzi]].<ref>''Official Congressional Record'', 1882-1992 passim.</ref><ref>''Epoch'', Vol. VII, p. 266 (1892). == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-m...' 1550261 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Karl von Struve''' (pia anajulikana kama '''de Struve''';26 Novemba 1835 – 26 Juni 1907) alikuwa kabaila na mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]] mwenye asili ya [[Wajerumani wa Baltic]]. Alihudumu, kwa nyakati tofauti, kama Balozi Mdogo wa Urusi na Waziri Mwenye Mamlaka Kamili nchini [[Japani]], [[Marekani]], na [[Uholanzi]].<ref>''Official Congressional Record'', 1882-1992 passim.</ref><ref>''Epoch'', Vol. VII, p. 266 (1892). == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1835|1907}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Mabalozi wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] 9r5nflccc5yfqf36x22usloe2uccuqh Count Felix Sumarokov-Elston 0 238650 1550262 2026-05-25T10:26:35Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika 'Ila '''Felix Felixovich Sumarokov-Elston''' ( 17 Oktoba 1856 &ndash; 10 Juni 1928),<ref>{{Cite book |title=Metric Books of Saint Isaac's Cathedral |publisher=TSGIA Saint Petersburg |pages=124, 761}}</ref> baadaye akajulikana kama '''Mwana mfalme Yusupov''' baada ya ndoa yake, alikuwa mwanasiasa, kabaila, na jenerali wa [[Urusi|Urusi.]] Kuanzia mwaka 1915, alihudumu kama [[Gavana Mkuu wa Moscow]], wadhifa ambao hapo awali ulishikiliwa na Grand Duke Sergei...' 1550262 wikitext text/x-wiki Ila '''Felix Felixovich Sumarokov-Elston''' ( 17 Oktoba 1856 &ndash; 10 Juni 1928),<ref>{{Cite book |title=Metric Books of Saint Isaac's Cathedral |publisher=TSGIA Saint Petersburg |pages=124, 761}}</ref> baadaye akajulikana kama '''Mwana mfalme Yusupov''' baada ya ndoa yake, alikuwa mwanasiasa, kabaila, na jenerali wa [[Urusi|Urusi.]] Kuanzia mwaka 1915, alihudumu kama [[Gavana Mkuu wa Moscow]], wadhifa ambao hapo awali ulishikiliwa na [[Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich wa Urusi|Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich Romanov]]. Alikuwa baba mzazi wa [[Nicholas Yusupov]] na [[Felix Yusupov]]. == Maisha ya mapema == Felix na Zinaida, muda mfupi baada ya harusi yao]] Ila Felix alizaliwa kama mtoto wa tatu kati ya saba wa Felix na Elena Sumarokov-Elston, na alipewa jina la baba yake. Mama yake wa ubatizo alikuwa [[Dorothea de Ficquelmont|Dolly de Ficquelmont]]. Baba yake alikuwa mtoto aliyezaliwa nje ya ndoa na mwenye asili yenye utata. Nadharia maarufu, ambayo ilikuwa ikisemwa na familia yenyewe, ilikuwa kwamba baba mzazi wa Felix Elston alikuwa [[Frederick William IV wa Prussia]], Mfalme wa Prussia. Ilidaiwa pia kuwa jina "Elston" lilitokana na msemo wa Kifaransa "''elle s'étonne''" (anamshangaa), ambayo ilidhaniwa kuwa ndiyo itikio la mama yake mzazi wakati anajifungua.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Yusupov |first=Felix |title=Lost Splendor |publisher=Publisher G.P. Putnam's Sons |year=1953 |location=[[New York City|New York]]}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1856|1928}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] h27u8zq67aptyprizbhas1yhnxfyemc Joseph Ratcliffe Skelton 0 238651 1550264 2026-05-25T10:30:52Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Joseph Ratcliffe Skelton''' (anayejulikana kama J. R. Skelton; [[1865]] – [[1927]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] picha nchini [[Uingereza]], aliyefanya kazi kwa rangi za maji na mafuta miongoni mwa vyombo vya habari.<ref>{{cite web |title=Joseph Ratcliffe Skelton: Artist |website=Look and Learn History Picture Archive |url=https://www.lookandlearn.com/blog/10143/joseph-ratcliffe-skelton-artist/ <!--website serving as encyclopedia--> |access-date=5 December 2...' 1550264 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joseph Ratcliffe Skelton''' (anayejulikana kama J. R. Skelton; [[1865]] – [[1927]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] picha nchini [[Uingereza]], aliyefanya kazi kwa rangi za maji na mafuta miongoni mwa vyombo vya habari.<ref>{{cite web |title=Joseph Ratcliffe Skelton: Artist |website=Look and Learn History Picture Archive |url=https://www.lookandlearn.com/blog/10143/joseph-ratcliffe-skelton-artist/ <!--website serving as encyclopedia--> |access-date=5 December 2020 |date=24 June 2011}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1865]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1927]] j4wbjs0fb4b5uxtwjjgftewcm7dsknb Bernard Sleigh 0 238652 1550265 2026-05-25T10:34:22Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bernard Sleigh''' ([[1872]] – [[Desemba 7]], [[1954]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] wa picha za ukutani, msanii wa vioo vya rangi , mchoraji picha, na [[mchongaji]] wa mbao wa [[Uingereza]], anayejulikana zaidi kwa ''An Anciente Mappe of Fairyland, Newly Discovered and Set Forth'' ([[1917]]), ambayo inaonyesha wahusika wengi kutoka kwa ngano za kale na hadithi za watoto.<ref name="daa">[[Douglas A. Anderson]], "Fairy elements in British literary writings in t...' 1550265 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bernard Sleigh''' ([[1872]] – [[Desemba 7]], [[1954]]) alikuwa [[mchoraji]] wa picha za ukutani, msanii wa vioo vya rangi , mchoraji picha, na [[mchongaji]] wa mbao wa [[Uingereza]], anayejulikana zaidi kwa ''An Anciente Mappe of Fairyland, Newly Discovered and Set Forth'' ([[1917]]), ambayo inaonyesha wahusika wengi kutoka kwa ngano za kale na hadithi za watoto.<ref name="daa">[[Douglas A. Anderson]], "Fairy elements in British literary writings in the decade following the Cottingley fairy photographs episode." ''[[Mythlore]]'', September 22, 2013.</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachongaji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1872]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1954]] 12z4221hn4y2sxpwbwmm70gw2f6lgwn Alexander Tizyakov 0 238653 1550266 2026-05-25T10:40:49Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Alexander Ivanovich Tizyakov''' (10 Desemba 1926 – 25 Januari 2019) alikuwa mwanauchumi na afisa wa Umoja wa Kisovieti. Alikuwa mwanachama wa Kamati ya Serikali ya Hali ya Hatari (State Committee on the State of Emergency) na alihudumu kama Rais wa Muungano wa Makampuni ya Serikali wakati wa Jaribio la mapinduzi ya kijeshi la Umoja wa Kisovieti la mwaka 1991. == Maisha ya mapema na kazi == Tizyakov alizaliwa huko [[Novoye Ivanayevo]] mnamo tarehe 10...' 1550266 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alexander Ivanovich Tizyakov''' (10 Desemba 1926 – 25 Januari 2019) alikuwa mwanauchumi na afisa wa Umoja wa Kisovieti. Alikuwa mwanachama wa Kamati ya Serikali ya Hali ya Hatari (State Committee on the State of Emergency) na alihudumu kama Rais wa Muungano wa Makampuni ya Serikali wakati wa Jaribio la mapinduzi ya kijeshi la Umoja wa Kisovieti la mwaka 1991. == Maisha ya mapema na kazi == Tizyakov alizaliwa huko [[Novoye Ivanayevo]] mnamo tarehe 10 Desemba 1926. Kuanzia mwaka 1943 hadi 1950, alihudumu katika [[Jeshi la Kisovieti]]{{efn|Jeshi la Kisovieti lilijulikana kama [[Jeshi Jekundu]] kabla ya mwaka 1946.}}<ref name="temadnya.ru">{{cite web|url=http://www.temadnya.ru/spravka/17aug2001/758.html|title=Биография Александра Тизякова: завод плюс еще кое-что|publisher=Тема дня|accessdate=2013-08-19|archive-date=2013-11-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131107151932/http://www.temadnya.ru/spravka/17aug2001/758.html|language=ru}}</ref> ambapo alishiriki katika Mapambano ya Mashariki (Vita Kuu ya Pili ya Dunia)|Mapambano ya Mashariki na [[Vita kati ya Umoja wa Kisovieti na Japani]].<ref name="rg.ru">{{Cite web |url=https://rg.ru/2016/12/07/reg-urfo/kak-sohranit-bodrost-v-90-let.html |title=Патент на вечную молодость |date=7 December 2016 |access-date=2019-01-30 |archive-date=2019-01-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130162247/https://rg.ru/2016/12/07/reg-urfo/kak-sohranit-bodrost-v-90-let.html |language=ru }}</ref> Kuanzia mwaka 1950 hadi 1953, alifanya kazi katika kiwanda cha Uralkhimmash kama fundi mitambo na msimamizi. Kuanzia mwaka 1953 hadi 1956, alikuwa mwalimu wa Kamati ya Mkoa wa Sverdlovsk ya Komsomol<ref name="temadnya.ru" /> na mratibu wa Kamati Kuu ya Komsomol.<ref name="rg.ru" /> Mnamo mwaka 1958, alihitimu kutoka [[Chuo Kikuu cha Ufundi cha Jimbo la Ural|Taasisi ya Politekniki ya Ural]].<ref name="temadnya.ru" /> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1926|2019}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] 52sstc2vvji5soth4akb9yi9wa2a76t 1550267 1550266 2026-05-25T10:46:04Z Egipa 87700 1550267 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alexander Ivanovich Tizyakov''' (10 Desemba 1926 – 25 Januari 2019) alikuwa mwanauchumi na afisa wa Umoja wa Kisovieti. Alikuwa mwanachama wa Kamati ya Serikali ya Hali ya Hatari (State Committee on the State of Emergency) na alihudumu kama Rais wa Muungano wa Makampuni ya Serikali wakati wa Jaribio la mapinduzi ya kijeshi la Umoja wa Kisovieti la mwaka 1991. == Maisha ya mapema na kazi == Tizyakov alizaliwa huko [[Novoye Ivanayevo]] mnamo tarehe 10 Desemba 1926. Kuanzia mwaka 1943 hadi 1950, alihudumu katika [[Jeshi la Kisovieti]] Jeshi la Kisovieti lilijulikana kama [[Jeshi Jekundu]] kabla ya mwaka 1946.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.temadnya.ru/spravka/17aug2001/758.html|title=Биография Александра Тизякова: завод плюс еще кое-что|publisher=Тема дня|accessdate=2013-08-19|archive-date=2013-11-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131107151932/http://www.temadnya.ru/spravka/17aug2001/758.html|language=ru}}</ref> ambapo alishiriki katika Mapambano ya Mashariki (Vita Kuu ya Pili ya Dunia)|Mapambano ya Mashariki na [[Vita kati ya Umoja wa Kisovieti na Japani]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://rg.ru/2016/12/07/reg-urfo/kak-sohranit-bodrost-v-90-let.html |title=Патент на вечную молодость |date=7 December 2016 |access-date=2019-01-30 |archive-date=2019-01-30 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130162247/https://rg.ru/2016/12/07/reg-urfo/kak-sohranit-bodrost-v-90-let.html |language=ru }}</ref> Kuanzia mwaka 1950 hadi 1953, alifanya kazi katika kiwanda cha Uralkhimmash kama fundi mitambo na msimamizi. Kuanzia mwaka 1953 hadi 1956, alikuwa mwalimu wa Kamati ya Mkoa wa Sverdlovsk ya Komsomol na mratibu wa Kamati Kuu ya Komsomol.Mnamo mwaka 1958, alihitimu kutoka [[Chuo Kikuu cha Ufundi cha Jimbo la Ural|Taasisi ya Politekniki ya Ural]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1926|2019}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] 4q8etw03p0kfbgl3159t0vvjvbeyk77 1550271 1550267 2026-05-25T11:03:45Z Egipa 87700 1550271 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alexander Ivanovich Tizyakov''' (10 Desemba 1926 – 25 Januari 2019) alikuwa mwanauchumi na afisa wa Umoja wa [[Kisovieti]]. Alikuwa mwanachama wa Kamati ya Serikali ya Hali ya Hatari (State Committee on the State of Emergency) na alihudumu kama Rais wa Muungano wa Makampuni ya Serikali wakati wa Jaribio la mapinduzi ya kijeshi la Umoja wa Kisovieti la mwaka 1991. == Maisha ya mapema na kazi == Tizyakov alizaliwa huko [[Novoye Ivanayevo]] mnamo tarehe 10 Desemba 1926. Kuanzia mwaka 1943 hadi 1950, alihudumu katika [[Jeshi la Kisovieti]] Jeshi la Kisovieti lilijulikana kama [[Jeshi Jekundu]] kabla ya mwaka 1946.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.temadnya.ru/spravka/17aug2001/758.html|title=Биография Александра Тизякова: завод плюс еще кое-что|publisher=Тема дня|accessdate=2013-08-19|archive-date=2013-11-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131107151932/http://www.temadnya.ru/spravka/17aug2001/758.html|language=ru}}</ref> ambapo alishiriki katika Mapambano ya Mashariki (Vita Kuu ya Pili ya Dunia)|Mapambano ya Mashariki na [[Vita kati ya Umoja wa Kisovieti na Japani]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://rg.ru/2016/12/07/reg-urfo/kak-sohranit-bodrost-v-90-let.html |title=Патент на вечную молодость |date=7 December 2016 |access-date=2019-01-30 |archive-date=2019-01-30 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130162247/https://rg.ru/2016/12/07/reg-urfo/kak-sohranit-bodrost-v-90-let.html |language=ru }}</ref> Kuanzia mwaka 1950 hadi 1953, alifanya kazi katika kiwanda cha Uralkhimmash kama fundi mitambo na msimamizi. Kuanzia mwaka 1953 hadi 1956, alikuwa mwalimu wa Kamati ya Mkoa wa Sverdlovsk ya Komsomol na mratibu wa Kamati Kuu ya Komsomol.Mnamo mwaka 1958, alihitimu kutoka [[Chuo Kikuu cha Ufundi cha Jimbo la Ural|Taasisi ya Politekniki ya Ural]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1926|2019}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] idhc88uezifvlda9p6eslj8gdpwcvg8 Konstantin Tolkachyov 0 238654 1550269 2026-05-25T10:57:58Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Konstantin Borisovich Tolkachyov''' (1 Machi 1953 – 4 Mei 2026) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa Urusi. Akiwa mwanachama wa chama cha [[Urusi Moja]] (United Russia), alihudumu kama mwenyekiti wa Baraza la Serikali la Jamhuri ya Bashkortostan kuanzia mwaka 1999 hadi 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bashkortostan.er.ru/person/6864be97-d58e-42b1-af59-00c56195d6db|title=Толкачев Константин Борисович|work=United Russia|language=Russian}}</r...' 1550269 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Konstantin Borisovich Tolkachyov''' (1 Machi 1953 – 4 Mei 2026) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa Urusi. Akiwa mwanachama wa chama cha [[Urusi Moja]] (United Russia), alihudumu kama mwenyekiti wa Baraza la Serikali la Jamhuri ya Bashkortostan kuanzia mwaka 1999 hadi 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bashkortostan.er.ru/person/6864be97-d58e-42b1-af59-00c56195d6db|title=Толкачев Константин Борисович|work=United Russia|language=Russian}}</ref> Tolkachyov alifariki dunia kwa ugonjwa wa saratani mjini [[Moscow]], mnamo tarehe 4 Mei 2026, akiwa na umri wa miaka 73.<ref>{{cite news |date=4 May 2026|title=Ушел из жизни председатель Госсобрания Башкирии Константин Толкачев|url=https://ufa.rbc.ru/ufa/04/05/2026/69f846909a7947006cfaa457 |work=[[RBK Daily]]|language=ru |access-date=4 May 2026}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1953|2026}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] 58tvtjwylobxjecx0p8rtoi22ty2613 1550272 1550269 2026-05-25T11:04:45Z Egipa 87700 1550272 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Konstantin Borisovich Tolkachyov''' (1 Machi 1953 – 4 Mei 2026) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]]. Akiwa mwanachama wa chama cha [[Urusi Moja]] (United Russia), alihudumu kama mwenyekiti wa Baraza la Serikali la Jamhuri ya Bashkortostan kuanzia mwaka 1999 hadi 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bashkortostan.er.ru/person/6864be97-d58e-42b1-af59-00c56195d6db|title=Толкачев Константин Борисович|work=United Russia|language=Russian}}</ref> Tolkachyov alifariki dunia kwa ugonjwa wa saratani mjini [[Moscow]], mnamo tarehe 4 Mei 2026, akiwa na umri wa miaka 73.<ref>{{cite news |date=4 May 2026|title=Ушел из жизни председатель Госсобрания Башкирии Константин Толкачев|url=https://ufa.rbc.ru/ufa/04/05/2026/69f846909a7947006cfaa457 |work=[[RBK Daily]]|language=ru |access-date=4 May 2026}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1953|2026}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] 1se53pdbt379vyvcjr8ed3two2nynzt Gurodarma Tsedashiyev 0 238655 1550270 2026-05-25T11:00:26Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Gurodarma Tsedashiyevich Tsedashiyev''' (5 Novemba 1948 – 2015) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]] aliyehudumu kama Mkuu wa kwanza wa Utawala wa [[Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug]] kuanzia mwaka 1991 hadi 1996.<ref name="Цедашиев2" >{{Cite web|title=Энциклопедия Забайкалья|url=http://ez.chita.ru/encycl/concepts/?id=4111|access-date=2021-11-29|website=ez.chita.ru}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1948|2015}}...' 1550270 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gurodarma Tsedashiyevich Tsedashiyev''' (5 Novemba 1948 – 2015) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]] aliyehudumu kama Mkuu wa kwanza wa Utawala wa [[Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug]] kuanzia mwaka 1991 hadi 1996.<ref name="Цедашиев2" >{{Cite web|title=Энциклопедия Забайкалья|url=http://ez.chita.ru/encycl/concepts/?id=4111|access-date=2021-11-29|website=ez.chita.ru}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1948|2015}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Urusi]] 41xjdnunto5pjjedofx7jswtwv36mao Valentin Tubylov 0 238656 1550273 2026-05-25T11:11:30Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Valentin Kuzmich Tubylov''' ([[Kirusi]]: Валентин Кузьмич Тубылов; alizaliwa Novemba 13, 1935) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]] aliyewahi kuwa Mwenyekiti wa Baraza la Juu la Jamhuri ya Udmurt tangu mwaka [[1992]] hadi 1995. Nafasi yake ilichukuliwa na [[Alexander Alexandrovich Volkov (mwanasiasa)|Alexander Volkov]], ambaye baadaye alikuja kuwa Kiongozi wa Udmurtia mnamo Novemba 2000. == Wasifu == Akiwa na asili ya [[Waudmurt]], Tub...' 1550273 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Valentin Kuzmich Tubylov''' ([[Kirusi]]: Валентин Кузьмич Тубылов; alizaliwa Novemba 13, 1935) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]] aliyewahi kuwa Mwenyekiti wa Baraza la Juu la Jamhuri ya Udmurt tangu mwaka [[1992]] hadi 1995. Nafasi yake ilichukuliwa na [[Alexander Alexandrovich Volkov (mwanasiasa)|Alexander Volkov]], ambaye baadaye alikuja kuwa Kiongozi wa Udmurtia mnamo Novemba 2000. == Wasifu == Akiwa na asili ya [[Waudmurt]], Tubylov alizaliwa mnamo Novemba 13, 1935, katika kijiji cha Malaya Kibya katika [[Wilaya ya Mozhginsky]], wakati huo ikiwa sehemu ya [[Jamhuri ya Kisovieti ya Kijamii ya Kujitawala ya Udmurt|Udmurt ASSR]]. Alihitimu kutoka Chuo cha Kilimo cha Sarapul mnamo mwaka 1962, na Chuo cha Kilimo cha Izhevsk mnamo mwaka 1969.<ref>{{cite web |title=Tubylov Valentin Kuzmich |url=https://www.biografija.ru/biography/tubylov-valentin-kuzmich.htm |website=Biografiya.ru |publisher=Biografiya |access-date=6 December 2023 |archive-date=5 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230205143317/https://www.biografija.ru/biography/tubylov-valentin-kuzmich.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1992|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Urusi]] l6r6cxnlwo8abrhedcu5ehu0nsrnpf6 Knut Hauge (mwanadiplomasia) 0 238657 1550275 2026-05-25T11:12:22Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Knut Hauge''' (amezaliwa 28 Julai 1953) ni mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alipata Shahada ya Uzamili ya Fasihi na Lugha katika elimu yake na alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1980. Alihudumu kama balozi mdogo (consul-general) mjini Murmansk kuanzia 1993 hadi 1994, kama balozi wa Norway nchini [[Poland]] kuanzia 2005 hadi 2008, na baadaye kama balozi wa Norway nchini [[Russia]] kuanzia 2008 hadi 2013.<ref name...' 1550275 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Knut Hauge''' (amezaliwa 28 Julai 1953) ni mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alipata Shahada ya Uzamili ya Fasihi na Lugha katika elimu yake na alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1980. Alihudumu kama balozi mdogo (consul-general) mjini Murmansk kuanzia 1993 hadi 1994, kama balozi wa Norway nchini [[Poland]] kuanzia 2005 hadi 2008, na baadaye kama balozi wa Norway nchini [[Russia]] kuanzia 2008 hadi 2013.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Knut Hauge – norsk diplomat|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|url=[http://www.snl.no/Knut_Hauge/norsk_diplomat|language=Norwegian|accessdate=9](http://www.snl.no/Knut_Hauge/norsk_diplomat|language=Norwegian|accessdate=9) March 2019}}</ref> Aliwasilisha hati zake za utambulisho kwa rais wa Russia [[Dmitry Medvedev]] tarehe 27 Februari 2009.<ref>{{cite web|url=[http://www.kremlin.ru/text/docs/2009/02/213384.shtml|title=Послы](http://www.kremlin.ru/text/docs/2009/02/213384.shtml|title=Послы) иностранных государств, вручившие верительные грамоты Президенту России|date=27 February 2009|publisher=Presidential Press and Information Office|accessdate=2009-03-03|language=ru|archiveurl=[https://archive.today/20120804041133/http://www.kremlin.ru/text/docs/2009/02/213384.shtml|archivedate=4](https://archive.today/20120804041133/http://www.kremlin.ru/text/docs/2009/02/213384.shtml|archivedate=4) August 2012}}</ref> Mwaka 2014 aliteuliwa kuwa Mwakilishi wa Kudumu wa Norway katika [[NATO]], na mwaka 2018 alirejea katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje akiwa naibu katibu mkuu.<ref name=snl/> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1953|}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] rwrrkwolnwwl8xobxlpg7c04xqgf39e Vladimir Ustinov 0 238658 1550276 2026-05-25T11:15:08Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Vladimir Vasilyevich Ustinov''' ([[Kirusi]]: Владимир Васильевич Устинов; alizaliwa 25 Februari 1953) ni mwanasheria na kiongozi wa serikali nchini [[Urusi]].<ref name=NewsRuUstinovBio>{{cite news|url=https://www.newsru.com/russia/02jun2006/ustinoff.html|title=Владимир Путин внезапно уволил Генпрокурора РФ Владимира Устинова "по собственному желанию"|...' 1550276 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vladimir Vasilyevich Ustinov''' ([[Kirusi]]: Владимир Васильевич Устинов; alizaliwa 25 Februari 1953) ni mwanasheria na kiongozi wa serikali nchini [[Urusi]].<ref name=NewsRuUstinovBio>{{cite news|url=https://www.newsru.com/russia/02jun2006/ustinoff.html|title=Владимир Путин внезапно уволил Генпрокурора РФ Владимира Устинова "по собственному желанию"|language=ru|trans-title=Vladimir Putin suddenly fired RF Prosecutor General Vladimir Ustinov "of his own accord"|date=2 June 2006|work=newsru.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160314082734/http://newsru.com/russia/02jun2006/ustinoff.html|archive-date=14 March 2016|access-date=18 December 2018}}</ref> Tangu mwaka 2008, amekuwa Balozi Mwenye Mamlaka Kamili katika [[Wilaya ya Shirikisho ya Kusini]].<ref name=NewsRu2016-08-01>{{cite news|url=https://www.newsru.com/russia/01aug2016/kozak.html|title=В правительстве бывшему руководителю Севастополя посоветовали пропагандировать отдых в Крыму сибирякам|language=ru|trans-title=In the government, the former head of Sevastopol was advised to promote the Siberian holidays in Crimea|date=1 August 2016|work=newsru.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171110192916/http://www.newsru.com/russia/01aug2016/kozak.html|archive-date=10 November 2017|access-date=18 December 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> Kabla ya mwaka 2008, alikuwa [[Waziri wa Sheria (Urusi)|Waziri wa Sheria]] wa Urusi.<ref name=NewsRu2016-08-01/> Pia, alikuwa [[Mwanasheria Mkuu wa Urusi]] wa kwanza chini ya utawala wa Vladimir Putin kuanzia mwaka 2000 hadi Juni 2006.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/1068861.html |title=Russia: Prosecutor-General Steps Down |work=[[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty]] |last=Parsons |first=Robert |date=2006-06-02 |access-date=2019-12-18}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1992|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Urusi] lp0ciyzdj0kkmzr5apcmrs1zq1is30u Arne Haugestad 0 238659 1550277 2026-05-25T11:17:31Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Arne Haugestad''' (19 Juni 1935 – 20 Septemba 2008) alikuwa wakili wa Mahakama ya Juu ya [[Norwei|Norway]], anayejulikana zaidi kama kiongozi wa harakati ya Norway dhidi ya [[Jumuiya ya Kiuchumi ya Ulaya]] (European Economic Community) kuanzia 1970 hadi 1973, na pia kama wakili wa utetezi wa Arne Treholt, ambaye alipatikana na hatia ya ujasusi mwaka 1985.<ref name="AP">{{cite news|url=[http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/article2671860.ece](http:/...' 1550277 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Arne Haugestad''' (19 Juni 1935 – 20 Septemba 2008) alikuwa wakili wa Mahakama ya Juu ya [[Norwei|Norway]], anayejulikana zaidi kama kiongozi wa harakati ya Norway dhidi ya [[Jumuiya ya Kiuchumi ya Ulaya]] (European Economic Community) kuanzia 1970 hadi 1973, na pia kama wakili wa utetezi wa Arne Treholt, ambaye alipatikana na hatia ya ujasusi mwaka 1985.<ref name="AP">{{cite news|url=[http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/article2671860.ece](http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/article2671860.ece) |title=Arne Haugestad er død |date=2008-09-24 |publisher=[[Aftenposten]] |language=Norwegian |accessdate=2008-09-26 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=[https://web.archive.org/web/20080927013627/http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/article2671860.ece](https://web.archive.org/web/20080927013627/http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/article2671860.ece) |archivedate=2008-09-27 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1935|2008}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] na36y47azzdbe6wfxeflcjxdibz4hta Rem Viakhirev 0 238660 1550278 2026-05-25T11:22:44Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Rem Ivanovich Viakhirev''' (au '''Vyakhirev'''; [[Kirusi]]: Рем Ива́нович Вя́хирев; 23 Agosti 1934 – 11 Februari 2013)<ref>[http://ria.ru/society/20130211/922351607.html Скончался экс-глава «Газпрома» Рем Вяхирев] {{in lang|ru}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-09-30 |title=Бывший глава «Газпрома» Рем Вяхирев скончался в возрасте 78 лет - Газ...' 1550278 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rem Ivanovich Viakhirev''' (au '''Vyakhirev'''; [[Kirusi]]: Рем Ива́нович Вя́хирев; 23 Agosti 1934 – 11 Februari 2013)<ref>[http://ria.ru/society/20130211/922351607.html Скончался экс-глава «Газпрома» Рем Вяхирев] {{in lang|ru}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-09-30 |title=Бывший глава «Газпрома» Рем Вяхирев скончался в возрасте 78 лет - Газета.Ru {{!}} Новости |url=https://www.gazeta.ru/business/news/2013/02/11/n_2750033.shtml |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=Газета.Ru |language=ru}}</ref> alikuwa mfanyabiashara wa [[Urusi]]. Kuanzia mwaka [[1992]] hadi 2001, alikuwa mwenyekiti wa kampuni ya [[Gazprom]]. Mnamo Mei 2001, Viakhirev alilazimika kujiuzulu nafasi yake ya uenyekiti wakati wa harakati za [[Vladimir Putin]] za kuimarisha udhibiti wa kiuchumi wa serikali.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Economic liberalism and its rivals : the formation of international institutions among the post-Soviet states|last=Darden |first=Keith A. |date=2009 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9780521866538 |location=Cambridge |page=157 |oclc=320899384}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |title=Good governance in the era of global neoliberalism : conflict and depolitization in Latin America, Eastern Europe, Asia, and Africa |last=Mommen |first=André |date=2004 |publisher=Routledge |editor-last=Demmers |editor-first=Jolle |editor-last2=Fernández Jilberto |editor-first2=A. E. |editor-last3=Hogenboom |editor-first3=Barbara |isbn=9780415341165 |location=London |pages=154, 155 |oclc=252723727}}</ref> Nafasi yake ilichukuliwa na [[Alexey Miller]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1992|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Urusi]] lz9o7b17ujobkgm18orvc54ezagb3r4 1550279 1550278 2026-05-25T11:25:17Z Egipa 87700 1550279 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rem Ivanovich Viakhirev''' (au '''Vyakhirev'''; 23 Agosti 1934 – 11 Februari 2013)<ref>[http://ria.ru/society/20130211/922351607.html Скончался экс-глава «Газпрома» Рем Вяхирев]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-09-30 |title=Бывший глава «Газпрома» Рем Вяхирев скончался в возрасте 78 лет - Газета.Ru {{!}} Новости |url=https://www.gazeta.ru/business/news/2013/02/11/n_2750033.shtml |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=Газета.Ru |language=ru}}</ref> alikuwa mfanyabiashara wa [[Urusi]]. Kuanzia mwaka [[1992]] hadi 2001, alikuwa mwenyekiti wa kampuni ya [[Gazprom]]. Mnamo Mei 2001, Viakhirev alilazimika kujiuzulu nafasi yake ya uenyekiti wakati wa harakati za [[Vladimir Putin]] za kuimarisha udhibiti wa kiuchumi wa serikali.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Economic liberalism and its rivals : the formation of international institutions among the post-Soviet states|last=Darden |first=Keith A. |date=2009 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9780521866538 |location=Cambridge |page=157 |oclc=320899384}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |title=Good governance in the era of global neoliberalism : conflict and depolitization in Latin America, Eastern Europe, Asia, and Africa |last=Mommen |first=André |date=2004 |publisher=Routledge |editor-last=Demmers |editor-first=Jolle |editor-last2=Fernández Jilberto |editor-first2=A. E. |editor-last3=Hogenboom |editor-first3=Barbara |isbn=9780415341165 |location=London |pages=154, 155 |oclc=252723727}}</ref> Nafasi yake ilichukuliwa na [[Alexey Miller]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1992|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Urusi]] 2trixi1x6l0idkeo32dqfwslln9eqqw Viktor Vidmanov 0 238661 1550280 2026-05-25T11:27:37Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Viktor Mikhailovich Vidmanov''' ([[Kirusi]]: Виктор Михайлович Видьманов; 25 Februari 1934 – Agosti 2025) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]]. == Maisha na Kazi == Vidmanov alizaliwa mjini Davydovka, katika Mkoa wa Ulyanovsk mnamo 25 Februari 1934. Mnamo mwaka 1999, alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge wa [[State Duma]] (Bunge la Urusi) la awamu ya tatu kupitia Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Shirikisho la Urusi. Hata hivyo, alikataa wadhifa huo...' 1550280 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Viktor Mikhailovich Vidmanov''' ([[Kirusi]]: Виктор Михайлович Видьманов; 25 Februari 1934 – Agosti 2025) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]]. == Maisha na Kazi == Vidmanov alizaliwa mjini Davydovka, katika Mkoa wa Ulyanovsk mnamo 25 Februari 1934. Mnamo mwaka 1999, alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge wa [[State Duma]] (Bunge la Urusi) la awamu ya tatu kupitia Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Shirikisho la Urusi. Hata hivyo, alikataa wadhifa huo wa ubunge ili kuendelea na majukumu yake katika nafasi zake zilizopita.<ref>{{Cite web |title=С рабочим визитом посетил Красноярск член ЦК КПРФ В. М. Видьманов |url=https://kprf.ru/rus_soc/67183.html |access-date=21 August 2025 |website=kprf.ru |language=ru-RU}}</ref><ref>http://duma.gov.ru/duma/deputies/3/</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1992|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Urusi]] pqne0i98nr8pmaifvf8aj0hmvhq0jpc Boris Volodin 0 238662 1550281 2026-05-25T11:31:47Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Boris Mikhailovich Volodin''' ([[Kirusi]]: Борис Михайлович Володин; 21 Agosti 1931 – 2 Mei 2026) alikuwa mkulima na mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]]. Akiwa mwanachama wa Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Umoja wa Kisovieti, alihudumu katika Baraza la Muungano (Soviet of the Union) kuanzia mwaka 1984 hadi 1989, na alikuwa katibu wa kwanza wa Kamati ya Mkoa wa Rostov ya CPSU kuanzia mwaka 1986 hadi 1990.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ridero.ru/books/...' 1550281 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Boris Mikhailovich Volodin''' ([[Kirusi]]: Борис Михайлович Володин; 21 Agosti 1931 – 2 Mei 2026) alikuwa mkulima na mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]]. Akiwa mwanachama wa Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Umoja wa Kisovieti, alihudumu katika Baraza la Muungano (Soviet of the Union) kuanzia mwaka 1984 hadi 1989, na alikuwa katibu wa kwanza wa Kamati ya Mkoa wa Rostov ya CPSU kuanzia mwaka 1986 hadi 1990.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ridero.ru/books/perestroika_1985_1991_gg_na_donu_lica_sobytiya_istoricheskie_itogi/|title=Перестройка 1985—1991 гг. на Дону: лица, события, исторические итоги|work=Rideró|language=Russian|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230816131736/https://ridero.ru/books/perestroika_1985_1991_gg_na_donu_lica_sobytiya_istoricheskie_itogi/|archivedate=16 August 2023}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1992|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Urusi]] kutxyg235nlndpbf96lvi22zcfxffej Vyacheslav Volodin 0 238663 1550283 2026-05-25T11:35:45Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Vyacheslav Viktorovich Volodin''' ([[Kirusi]]: Вячеслав Викторович Володин; alizaliwa 4 Februari 1964) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]] ambaye anahudumu kama Mwenyekiti wa 10 wa [[State Duma]] (Bunge la Urusi) tangu mwaka 2016. Yeye ni msaidizi wa zamani wa Rais [[Vladimir Putin]]. Akiwa Katibu Mkuu wa zamani wa chama cha [[United Russia]], alikuwa mbunge katika State Duma kuanzia mwaka 1999 hadi 2011 na tangu mwaka 2016 hadi sasa. K...' 1550283 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vyacheslav Viktorovich Volodin''' ([[Kirusi]]: Вячеслав Викторович Володин; alizaliwa 4 Februari 1964) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]] ambaye anahudumu kama Mwenyekiti wa 10 wa [[State Duma]] (Bunge la Urusi) tangu mwaka 2016. Yeye ni msaidizi wa zamani wa Rais [[Vladimir Putin]]. Akiwa Katibu Mkuu wa zamani wa chama cha [[United Russia]], alikuwa mbunge katika State Duma kuanzia mwaka 1999 hadi 2011 na tangu mwaka 2016 hadi sasa. Kuanzia mwaka 2010 hadi 2012, alikuwa Naibu Waziri Mkuu wa Urusi. Pia, aliwahi kuwa Naibu Mkuu wa Kwanza wa Utumishi wa [[Ofisi ya Rais wa Urusi (Kremlin)]].<ref>[http://www.themoscowtimes.com/mt_profile/vyacheslav_volodin/437827.html ''Vyacheslav Volodin'']. themoscowtimes.com (accessed 14 October 2015)</ref> Ana cheo cha juu cha utumishi wa umma cha serikali ya shirikisho kinachojulikana kama Mshauri Amilifu wa Serikali wa Daraja la Kwanza wa Shirikisho la Urusi.<ref>{{cite act|type=Decree|index=83|date=19 January 2012|legislature=[[President of Russia]]|title=О присвоении классного чина государственной гражданской службы Российской Федерации Володину В.В.|language=ru|url=http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?searchres=&bpas=cd00000&a3=102000503&a3type=1&a3value=&a6=102000070&a6type=1&a6value=&a15=&a15type=1&a15value=&a7type=1&a7from=&a7to=&a7date=19.01.2012&a8=83&a8type=1&a1=&a0=&a16=&a16type=1&a16value=&a17=&a17type=1&a17value=&a4=&a4type=1&a4value=&a23=&a23type=1&a23value=&textpres=&sort=7&x=61&y=24}}</ref> Volodin ndiye aliyesimamia mabadiliko ya kihafidhina ya Putin katika muhula wake wa tatu na anahesabiwa kuwa miongoni mwa [[Watu wa karibu wa Putin]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Cluster bomb: How Russia is ruled|url=https://www.economist.com/news/books-and-arts/21707179-how-russia-ruled-cluster-bomb|access-date=16 September 2016|newspaper=[[The Economist]] |date=6 April 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Russia's Vladimir Putin Reshuffles Inner Circle |url=https://www.courthousenews.com/russias-vladimir-putin-reshuffles-inner-circle/ |work=[[Courthouse News Service]] |date=23 September 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Langton |first1=James |title=Meet Russia's siloviki — Putin's inner circle |url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/world/europe/2022/03/15/meet-russias-siloviki-putins-inner-circle/ |date=15 March 2022 |work=The National}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1992|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Urusi]] 8sozbcw4wnvko1f9w8wh2zac960pc6g Arkady Volsky 0 238664 1550284 2026-05-25T11:43:27Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Arkady Volsky''' ([[Kirusi]]: Аркадий Вольский; 15 Mei 1932 – 9 Septemba 2006) alikuwa mwanasiasa na mfanyabiashara wa Umoja wa [[Kisovieti]]. Alihudumu kama msaidizi mkuu wa Katibu Mkuu wa Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Umoja wa Kisovieti|Makatibu Wakuu watatu wa Kisovieti, akiwemo [[Mikhail Gorbachev]], na alikuwa mmoja wa Naibu Waziri Mkuu wa Umoja wa Kisovieti|Naibu Marais wa Mawaziri watatu]] katika Serikali ya Silayev|serikali ya mwish...' 1550284 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Arkady Volsky''' ([[Kirusi]]: Аркадий Вольский; 15 Mei 1932 – 9 Septemba 2006) alikuwa mwanasiasa na mfanyabiashara wa Umoja wa [[Kisovieti]]. Alihudumu kama msaidizi mkuu wa Katibu Mkuu wa Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Umoja wa Kisovieti|Makatibu Wakuu watatu wa Kisovieti, akiwemo [[Mikhail Gorbachev]], na alikuwa mmoja wa Naibu Waziri Mkuu wa Umoja wa Kisovieti|Naibu Marais wa Mawaziri watatu]] katika Serikali ya Silayev|serikali ya mwisho ya Umoja wa Kisovieti kati ya Agosti na Desemba 1991. Pia, alikuwa mwanzilishi na kiongozi wa kwanza wa Umoja wa Wafanyabiashara na Wajasiriamali wa Urusi (RSPP). == Maisha ya Awali na Elimu == Volsky alizaliwa mjini [[Dobrush]] (sasa hivi nchini [[Belarus]]), mnamo 15 Mei 1932.<ref name=reg10sep>{{cite news|title=Vladimir Putin presents his condolences to family of Arkady Volsky|url=http://regnum.su/english/russia/702425.html|access-date=30 March 2013|newspaper=Regnum|date=10 September 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141219231341/http://regnum.su/english/russia/702425.html|archive-date=19 December 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author=Andrew Barnes|url=http://www.gwu.edu/~ieresgwu/assets/docs/ponars/BarnesWPnov2011.pdf|title=Do We Have A Winner?|journal=Ponars Eurasia|date=November 2011|url-status=dead|archive-date=20 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141220000503/http://www.gwu.edu/~ieresgwu/assets/docs/ponars/BarnesWPnov2011.pdf}}</ref> Alilelewa katika kituo cha watoto yatima.<ref>{{cite news|author=Andrew E. Kramer|title=Arkady I. Volsky, 74, Founder Of Russian Business Lobby|work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/13/business/worldbusiness/13volsky.html|page=13|date=13 September 2006}}</ref><ref name=tmt11sep/> Alisomea mambo ya mofatishaji metali (metallurgy) katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Kitaifa cha Sayansi na Teknolojia MISIS|Taasisi ya Chuma na Aloi ya Moscow]]<ref name=Inc1993>{{cite journal|author=Pavel Gutiontov|title=In the Volsky plan?|journal=[[Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists]]|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aQsAAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA35|date=January–February 1993|volume=49|number=1|page=35}}</ref> na alihitimu shahada ya uhandisi mnamo mwaka 1955.<ref name=tjc2004>{{cite journal|title=Mr. Arkady Volsky: We need resolute actions, not imitation of reforms|journal=The Chemical Journal|date=April 2004|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041017120028/http://www.tcj.ru/en/no19/apr04.pdf|url=http://www.tcj.ru/en/no19/apr04.pdf|archive-date=17 October 2004|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Bill Keller|title=Around Gorbachev, Centrifugal Forces|access-date=31 March 2013|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/09/10/weekinreview/around-gorbachev-centrifugal-forces.html|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=10 September 1989}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1992|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Urusi]] g7uu4s30awwy9bqxx8pl2vca27npiey 1550287 1550284 2026-05-25T11:49:26Z Egipa 87700 1550287 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Arkady Volsky''' ([[Kirusi]]: Аркадий Вольский; 15 Mei 1932 – 9 Septemba 2006) alikuwa mwanasiasa na mfanyabiashara wa Umoja wa [[Kisovieti]]. Alihudumu kama msaidizi mkuu wa Katibu Mkuu wa Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Umoja wa Kisovieti|Makatibu Wakuu watatu wa Kisovieti, akiwemo [[Mikhail Gorbachev]], na alikuwa mmoja wa Naibu Waziri Mkuu wa Umoja wa Kisovieti|Naibu Marais wa Mawaziri watatu]] katika Serikali ya Silayev|serikali ya mwisho ya Umoja wa Kisovieti kati ya Agosti na Desemba 1991. Pia, alikuwa mwanzilishi na kiongozi wa kwanza wa Umoja wa Wafanyabiashara na Wajasiriamali wa Urusi (RSPP). == Maisha ya Awali na Elimu == Volsky alizaliwa mjini [[Dobrush]] (sasa hivi nchini [[Belarus]]), mnamo 15 Mei 1932.<ref name=reg10sep>{{cite news|title=Vladimir Putin presents his condolences to family of Arkady Volsky|url=http://regnum.su/english/russia/702425.html|access-date=30 March 2013|newspaper=Regnum|date=10 September 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141219231341/http://regnum.su/english/russia/702425.html|archive-date=19 December 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author=Andrew Barnes|url=http://www.gwu.edu/~ieresgwu/assets/docs/ponars/BarnesWPnov2011.pdf|title=Do We Have A Winner?|journal=Ponars Eurasia|date=November 2011|url-status=dead|archive-date=20 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141220000503/http://www.gwu.edu/~ieresgwu/assets/docs/ponars/BarnesWPnov2011.pdf}}</ref> Alilelewa katika kituo cha watoto yatima.<ref>{{cite news|author=Andrew E. Kramer|title=Arkady I. Volsky, 74, Founder Of Russian Business Lobby|work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/13/business/worldbusiness/13volsky.html|page=13|date=13 September 2006}}Alisomea mambo ya mofatishaji metali (metallurgy) katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Kitaifa cha Sayansi na Teknolojia MISIS|Taasisi ya Chuma na Aloi ya Moscow]]<ref name=Inc1993>{{cite journal|author=Pavel Gutiontov|title=In the Volsky plan?|journal=[[Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists]]|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aQsAAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA35|date=January–February 1993|volume=49|number=1|page=35}}</ref> na alihitimu shahada ya uhandisi mnamo mwaka 1955.<ref name=tjc2004>{{cite journal|title=Mr. Arkady Volsky: We need resolute actions, not imitation of reforms|journal=The Chemical Journal|date=April 2004|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041017120028/http://www.tcj.ru/en/no19/apr04.pdf|url=http://www.tcj.ru/en/no19/apr04.pdf|archive-date=17 October 2004|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Bill Keller|title=Around Gorbachev, Centrifugal Forces|access-date=31 March 2013|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/09/10/weekinreview/around-gorbachev-centrifugal-forces.html|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=10 September 1989}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1992|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Urusi]] 4wcn0lxjgn972qxhsvq7ovcgjb5jdlm Knut Hedemann 0 238665 1550286 2026-05-25T11:47:13Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Knut Hedemann''' (13 Mei 1922 – 2 Mei 2011) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia wa [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alizaliwa katika Manispaa ya Ringsaker akiwa mtoto wa mwanasiasa Rudolf Hedemann na mdogo wa mwanahabari Reidar Hedemann. Alimaliza elimu ya sekondari mwaka 1943.<ref name=hvem>{{cite encyclopedia|year=1973|title=Hedemann, Knut|encyclopedia=[[Hvem er hvem?]]|editor=Steenstrup, Bjørn|publisher=Aschehoug|location=Oslo|url=[https://runeberg.org/hvemerhvem/1973/022...' 1550286 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Knut Hedemann''' (13 Mei 1922 – 2 Mei 2011) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia wa [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alizaliwa katika Manispaa ya Ringsaker akiwa mtoto wa mwanasiasa Rudolf Hedemann na mdogo wa mwanahabari Reidar Hedemann. Alimaliza elimu ya sekondari mwaka 1943.<ref name=hvem>{{cite encyclopedia|year=1973|title=Hedemann, Knut|encyclopedia=[[Hvem er hvem?]]|editor=Steenstrup, Bjørn|publisher=Aschehoug|location=Oslo|url=[https://runeberg.org/hvemerhvem/1973/0224.html|page=224|language=no|access-date=11](https://runeberg.org/hvemerhvem/1973/0224.html|page=224|language=no|access-date=11) Oktoba 2011}}</ref> Wakati wa Vita Kuu ya Pili ya Dunia, alikuwa mwanachama wa vikosi vya polisi vya Norway vilivyokuwa uhamishoni nchini Sweden wakati wa Vita Kuu ya Pili ya Dunia, baada ya kukimbia Norway mwaka 1944.<ref name=obit>{{cite news|title=Knut Hedemann (obituary)|last=Kolberg|first=Aud|date=11 Mei 2011|work=[[Aftenposten]]|language=no}}</ref> Baada ya kusoma nchini Marekani kuanzia 1946 hadi 1947, alihitimu Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria katika Chuo Kikuu cha Oslo mwaka 1948. Mwaka huohuo alioa Gro Ranveig Hansen, binti wa daktari.<ref name=hvem/> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1922|2011}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] 6wsu9gplnvaw49w7vpbt6yy41qww136 Ingvard Havnen 0 238666 1550288 2026-05-25T11:50:49Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ingvard Martin Havnen''' (amezaliwa 26 Julai 1951) ni mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alisoma na kupata Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sayansi ya Siasa na Jamii na alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1980. Alijitokeza zaidi akiwa msemaji wa waandishi wa habari wa wizara kuanzia 1992 hadi 2000, kabla ya kuhudumu kama balozi wa Norway nchini [[Canada]] kuanzia 2000 hadi 2005. Mwaka 2005 aliteuliwa kuwa naibu katibu mkuu k...' 1550288 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ingvard Martin Havnen''' (amezaliwa 26 Julai 1951) ni mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Norwei|Norway]]. Alisoma na kupata Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sayansi ya Siasa na Jamii na alianza kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1980. Alijitokeza zaidi akiwa msemaji wa waandishi wa habari wa wizara kuanzia 1992 hadi 2000, kabla ya kuhudumu kama balozi wa Norway nchini [[Canada]] kuanzia 2000 hadi 2005. Mwaka 2005 aliteuliwa kuwa naibu katibu mkuu katika Ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu wa Norway.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Ingvard Martin Havnen|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|url=[http://www.snl.no/Ingvard_Martin_Havnen|language=Norwegian|accessdate=6](http://www.snl.no/Ingvard_Martin_Havnen|language=Norwegian|accessdate=6) January 2010}}</ref> Amepewa pia heshima ya Agizo la Kifalme la Heshima la Norway.{{Citation needed}} == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1951|}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] ni4ff9l3su6e3hwterjfoxfa92yl2zf Gennady Voronin (Mchumi) 0 238667 1550289 2026-05-25T11:52:03Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Gennady Petrovich Voronin''' ([[Kirusi]]: Геннадий Петрович Воро́нин; 26 Novemba 1941 – 22 Novemba 2025) alikuwa mwanauchumi na mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]]. Alihudumu kama rais wa [[Rosstandart|Gosstandart]] kuanzia mwaka 1997 hadi 2001.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nanotech.ru/pages/about/_private/voronin.doc|title=Воронин Геннадий Петрович|work=nanotech.ru|language=Russian|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https:...' 1550289 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gennady Petrovich Voronin''' ([[Kirusi]]: Геннадий Петрович Воро́нин; 26 Novemba 1941 – 22 Novemba 2025) alikuwa mwanauchumi na mwanasiasa wa [[Urusi]]. Alihudumu kama rais wa [[Rosstandart|Gosstandart]] kuanzia mwaka 1997 hadi 2001.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nanotech.ru/pages/about/_private/voronin.doc|title=Воронин Геннадий Петрович|work=nanotech.ru|language=Russian|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6CyAdfRHR?url=http://www.nanotech.ru/pages/about/_private/voronin.doc|archivedate=15 December 2012}}</ref> Voronin alifariki dunia mjini [[Moscow]] mnamo 22 Novemba 2025, akiwa na umri wa miaka 83.<ref>{{cite news |last= |first= |date=23 November 2025|title=Памяти Геннадия Петровича Воронина (1941–2025)|url=https://ria-stk.ru/news/detail.php?ID=246441&SECTION_ID=|trans-title= |work=Standarty i Kachestvo|language=Russian|location= |publisher= |access-date=24 November 2025}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1992|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Urusi]] ri90iikx0w1xz2a7pab8m0m92ipns1u Jan Wessel Hegg 0 238668 1550290 2026-05-25T11:54:36Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jan Wessel Hegg''' (amezaliwa 1 Septemba 1938) ni mwanadiplomasia mstaafu wa [[Norwei|Norway]] na balozi. Ana shahada ya Siviløkonom (maana yake “mchumi wa kiraia”) kutoka Shule ya Uchumi ya Norway.<ref name=ntb>{{cite news|title=70 år 1. september: Ambassadør Jan Wessel Hegg|agency=Norwegian News Agency|date=13 Agosti 2008|language=Norwegian}}</ref> Aliwahi kuwa mshauri wa ubalozi nchini [[Italia]] kabla ya kuteuliwa kuwa naibu mkurugenzi katik...' 1550290 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jan Wessel Hegg''' (amezaliwa 1 Septemba 1938) ni mwanadiplomasia mstaafu wa [[Norwei|Norway]] na balozi. Ana shahada ya Siviløkonom (maana yake “mchumi wa kiraia”) kutoka Shule ya Uchumi ya Norway.<ref name=ntb>{{cite news|title=70 år 1. september: Ambassadør Jan Wessel Hegg|agency=Norwegian News Agency|date=13 Agosti 2008|language=Norwegian}}</ref> Aliwahi kuwa mshauri wa ubalozi nchini [[Italia]] kabla ya kuteuliwa kuwa naibu mkurugenzi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Norway mwaka 1988.<ref>{{cite news|title=Offisielt fra statsråd|agency=Norwegian News Agency|date=10 Juni 1988|language=Norwegian}}</ref> Mwaka 1992 alipandishwa cheo kuwa mkuu wa idara.<ref>{{cite news|title=Offisielt fra statsråd|agency=Norwegian News Agency|date=19 Juni 1992|language=Norwegian}}</ref> Baadaye aliteuliwa kuwa balozi wa Norway nchini [[Ugiriki]] mwaka 1994,<ref>{{cite news|title=Offisielt fra statsråd|agency=Norwegian News Agency|date=28 Aprili 1994|language=Norwegian}}</ref> [[Indonesia]] mwaka 1998<ref>{{cite news|title=Offisielt fra statsråd|agency=Norwegian News Agency|date=15 Mei 1998|language=Norwegian}}</ref> na [[Latvia]] mwaka 2004.<ref>{{cite news|title=Offisielt fra statsråd|agency=Norwegian News Agency|date=4 Mei 2001|language=Norwegian}}</ref> Alistaafu mwaka 2004.<ref name=ntb/> Hegg anaishi Ovrevoll.<ref name=ntb/> Yeye ni jamaa wa mbali wa Peter Wessel. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1938|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Norwei]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] kjjylazr92npuyyhsi062lm0f79lgqd