Wikipedia swwiki https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mwanzo MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.17 first-letter Media Maalum Majadiliano Mtumiaji Majadiliano ya mtumiaji Wikipedia Majadiliano ya Wikipedia Faili Majadiliano ya faili MediaWiki Majadiliano ya MediaWiki Kigezo Majadiliano ya kigezo Msaada Majadiliano ya msaada Jamii Majadiliano ya jamii Lango Majadiliano ya lango Wikichanzo Majadiliano ya Wikichanzo TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 5845 1593671 1587166 2026-08-31T11:21:53Z Martin Macha 2111 43444 /* */ 1593671 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Jedwali la nchi | jina_rasmi = Ufalme wa Norwei | jina_asili = Norgga gonagasriika<br>Vuona gånågisrijkka<br>Nöörjen gånkarïjhke<br>Norjan kuninkhaanvaltakunta | bendera = Flag of Norway.svg | nembo = Coat of arms of Norway.svg | kauli_mbiu = | wimbo_wa_taifa = ''[[Ja, vi elsker dette landet]]''<br>("Ndiyo, tunaipenda nchi hii")<br>[[File:Norway_(National_Anthem).ogg]] | ramani = Europe-Norway (orthographic projection).svg | ramani2 = Europe-Norway.svg | maelezo_ramani = Eneo la Ufalme wa Norwei katika Ulaya | maelezo_ramani2 = Eneo la Norwei katika Ulaya | mji_mkubwa_na_mkuu = [[Oslo]] | lugha_rasmi = [[Kinorwei]], [[Kisami]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://lovdata.no/lov/2021-05-21-42/§5 |title=Lugha za Kisami |website=Lovdata |access-date=24 Julai 2026 |url-status=live}}</ref> | mwaka_dini = 2024 | dini = {{Plainlist| *68.5% [[Ukristo]] *27.3% [[Wasio na dini]] *3.4% [[Uislamu]] *0.8% Nyingine }} | uraia = Mnorwei | serikali = Ufalme wa kikatiba wa bunge wa umoja | cheo_kiongozi1 = Mfalme | kiongozi1 = [[Haakon VIII]] | cheo_kiongozi2 = Waziri Mkuu | kiongozi2 = [[Jonas Gahr Støre]] | bunge = [[Storting]] | muundo_uhuru = '''Historia''' | tukio1 = Kuanzishwa kwa taifa | tukio1_tarehe = 872 | tukio2 = Kuundwa upya kwa dola ya Norwei | tukio2_tarehe = 25 Februari 1814 | eneo_jumla = 385,207<ref name="kart_2019">{{cite web|url=https://www.kartverket.no/Kunnskap/Fakta-om-Norge/Arealstatistikk/Arealstatistikk-Norge/|title=Takwimu za eneo la Norwei 2019|publisher=Kartverket |date=20 Desemba 2019|access-date=1 Machi 2020|archive-date=8 Juni 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608034913/https://www.kartverket.no/Kunnskap/Fakta-om-Norge/Arealstatistikk/Arealstatistikk-Norge/|url-status=dead}}</ref> | maji = 5.32%<ref>{{cite web|title=Maji ya juu ya ardhi na mabadiliko yake|access-date=11 Oktoba 2020|publisher=OECD|url=https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=SURFACE_WATER|archive-date=24 Machi 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210324133453/https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=SURFACE_WATER|url-status=live}}</ref> | watu_kadirio = {{IncreaseNeutral}} 5,627,400<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.ssb.no/en/befolkning/folketall/statistikk/befolkning|title=Idadi ya watu, 2026-01-01|publisher=Statistics Norway|date=25 Februari 2026|access-date=25 Februari 2026|language=en}}</ref> | mwaka_kadirio = 2026 | msongamano = 14.6 | mwaka_plt_ppp = 2026 | plt_ppp = {{increase}} $654.160 bilioni<ref name="IMFWEO.NO">{{cite web |url=https://data.imf.org/en/Data-Explorer?datasetUrn=IMF.RES:WEO(9.0.0) |title=World Economic Outlook Database (Toleo la Aprili 2026) |publisher=Shirika la Fedha la Kimataifa |website=www.imf.org |date=14 Aprili 2026 |access-date=19 Aprili 2026}}</ref> | plt_ppp_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $115,548 | mwaka_plt = 2026 | plt = {{increase}} $599.406 bilioni | plt_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $105,877 | hdi = 0.970<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=6 Mei 2025 |title=Ripoti ya Maendeleo ya Binadamu 2025 |url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2025reporten.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250506051232/https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2025reporten.pdf |archive-date=6 Mei 2025 |access-date=6 Mei 2025 |publisher=Shirika la Umoja wa Mataifa la Maendeleo}}</ref> | mwaka_maendeleo = 2023 | cheo_maendeleo = 2 | gini = 25.3<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tessi190/default/table?lang=en |title=Mgawo wa Gini wa mapato yanayoweza kutumika baada ya kulinganishwa – EU-SILC |publisher=Eurostat |website=ec.europa.eu |access-date=22 Juni 2022 |archive-date=9 Oktoba 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201009091832/https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tessi190/default/table?lang=en |url-status=live}}</ref> | mwaka_gini = 2020 | fedha = [[Krone ya Norwei]] (NOK) | majira_saa = +1 | tld = [[.no]] | msimbo_simu = +47 }} '''Norwei''' (rasmi: '''Ufalme wa Norwei'''; [[Kinorwe]]: ''Kongeriket Norge na Kongeriket Noreg'') ni nchi katika [[Ulaya ya Kaskazini]], inayochukua sehemu za magharibi na kaskazini za [[Rasi ya Skandinavia]]. <ref name="Britannica_Norway">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Norway |author=Jan Sjåvik |title=Norway |website=Britannica |date=Machi 2026 |access-date=Agosti 11, 2026 }}</ref> Inapakana na [[Uswidi]] upande wa mashariki, [[Ufini]] na [[Urusi]] upande wa kaskazini-mashariki, na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] ya Kaskazini pamoja na [[Bahari ya Barents]] upande wa magharibi na kaskazini. <ref name="WFB_Norway">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/norway/#geography |title=Norway - World Factbook: Geography |website=cia.gov |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |date=Aprili 2026 |access-date=Agosti 11, 2026 |archive-date=2021-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111023530/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/norway/#geography |url-status=dead }}</ref> Norwei pia inajumuisha funguvisiwa la Aktiki la Svalbard na kisiwa cha Jan Mayen. Mwaka 2024, ilikuwa na wakazi takriban milioni 5.6, na kuifanya kuwa mojawapo ya nchi zenye idadi ndogo ya watu barani [[Ulaya]]. <ref name="WFB_Norway"/> [[Mji mkuu]] na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Oslo]], huku nchi ikigawanywa katika kaunti na manispaa, na lugha zake rasmi zikiwa [[Kinorwe]] na [[Kisami]] kwa mujibu wa masharti ya kitaifa na kikanda kuhusu lugha. <ref name="Britannica_Norway"/> Norwei ina ukanda mrefu wa pwani wenye fjord nyingi, visiwa na mandhari ya milima, huku sehemu kubwa ya ndani ya nchi ikiwa na milima, misitu na nyanda za juu. <ref name="Britannica_Norway_Land">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Norway/Land |author=Jan Sjåvik |title=Norway: Land |website=Britannica |date=2025 |access-date=Agosti 11, 2026 }}</ref> [[Norwei#Jiografia|Jiografia]] yake inaenea hadi katika eneo la Aktiki, huku Svalbard ikiwa mbali kaskazini mwa bara la [[Ulaya]]. Nchi hiyo pia inajulikana kwa eneo lake kubwa la bahari, maliasili na mandhari zake za kipekee za kaskazini, ikiwemo maeneo ambako jua la usiku wa manane na usiku wa ncha ya dunia hutokea. <ref name="WFB_Norway"/> Norwei ina [[Nchi iliyoendelea|uchumi ulioendelea sana]] wenye maliasili nyingi, hasa mafuta ya petroli na [[gesi asilia]] yanayochimbwa katika [[Bahari ya Kaskazini]] na [[Bahari ya Norwei]]. <ref name="Britannica_Norway_Economy">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Norway/Economy |author=Jan Sjåvik |title=Norway: Economy |website=Britannica |date=2025 |access-date=Agosti 11, 2026 }}</ref> Sekta nyingine muhimu ni [[uvuvi]], usafirishaji wa majini, uzalishaji viwandani, nishati ya maji na huduma. Nchi hiyo pia inajulikana kwa matumizi yake makubwa ya nishati ya maji na ina uhusiano imara wa kiuchumi na [[Umoja wa Ulaya]] kupitia uanachama wake katika Eneo la Kiuchumi la Ulaya, ingawa Norwei yenyewe si mwanachama wa [[Umoja wa Ulaya]]. <ref name="WFB_Norway_Econ">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/norway/#economy |title=Norway - World Factbook: Economy |website=cia.gov |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |date=Aprili 2026 |access-date=Agosti 11, 2026 |archive-date=2021-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111023530/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/norway/#economy |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Historia== [[Historia ya Norwei]] inawakilisha historia ya eneo linalounda [[Ufalme wa Norwei]] wa kisasa. Eneo hilo lilikaliwa na jamii za wawindaji na wakusanyaji baada ya kumalizika kwa [[Enzi ya Barafu]] ya mwisho, huku kilimo na makazi ya kudumu yakianza kukua wakati wa [[Zama Mpya za Mawe]].<ref name="Britannica-Earliest">{{cite web |last=Sandvik |first=Gudmund |title=Norway – Earliest peoples |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Norway/Earliest-peoples |website=Encyclopædia Britannica |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. |access-date=11 August 2026}}</ref> Wakati wa [[Wavikingi]], kuanzia mwishoni mwa [[karne ya 8]] hadi katikati ya [[karne ya 11]], jamii za mabaharia kutoka Norwei zilianzisha makazi na mitandao ya biashara katika [[Atlantiki ya Kaskazini]], ikiwemo [[Funguvisiwa la Britania|Visiwa vya Britania]], [[Isilandi]], [[Grinlandi]], na kwa muda mfupi [[Amerika Kaskazini]].<ref name="Britannica-Viking">{{cite web |last=Sandvik |first=Gudmund |title=Norway – The Viking era |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Norway/The-Viking-era |website=Encyclopædia Britannica |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. |access-date=11 August 2026}}</ref> Falme za Kinorwei ziliendelea kuunganishwa hatua kwa hatua, hasa chini ya [[Harald Fairhair]], ambaye kwa jadi huchukuliwa kuwa mmoja wa wafalme wa kwanza kuunganisha sehemu kubwa ya Norwei.<ref name="Britannica-Unification">{{cite web |title=Harald I Fairhair |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Harald-I-Fairhair |website=Encyclopædia Britannica |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. |access-date=11 August 2026}}</ref> Wakati wa [[Enzi za Kati]], Norwei ilikua na kuwa ufalme wa Kikristo, huku [[Ukristo]] ukianzishwa kwa nguvu zaidi wakati wa utawala wa [[Olaf II]] na mpangilio wa Kanisa la Kinorwei ukiendelea kupanuka baadaye.<ref name="Britannica-Christianity">{{cite web |last=Sandvik |first=Gudmund |title=Norway – Christianization and consolidation |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Norway/Christianization-and-consolidation |website=Encyclopædia Britannica |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. |access-date=11 August 2026}}</ref> Ufalme huo ulifikia kipindi cha nguvu kubwa katika [[karne ya 13]] chini ya [[Haakon IV]], wakati ushawishi wa Kinorwei ulienea katika maeneo na visiwa vya Atlantiki ya Kaskazini.<ref name="Britannica-HaakonIV">{{cite web |title=Haakon IV Haakonsson |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Haakon-IV-Haakonsson |website=Encyclopædia Britannica |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. |access-date=11 August 2026}}</ref> Mwaka 1397, Norwei iliingia katika [[Muungano wa Kalmar]] pamoja na [[Udeni]] na [[Uswidi]], na falme hizo tatu zikawekwa chini ya mfalme mmoja wa pamoja.<ref name="Britannica-Kalmar">{{cite web |title=Kalmar Union |url=https://www.britannica.com/event/Kalmar-Union |website=Encyclopædia Britannica |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. |access-date=11 August 2026}}</ref> Baada ya Uswidi kujiondoa katika muungano huo mwanzoni mwa [[karne ya 16]], Norwei iliendelea kuwa katika muungano wa kisiasa na Udeni, na ufalme wa Udeni–Norwei uliendelea hadi [[Vita vya Napoleon]].<ref name="Britannica-16thCentury">{{cite web |last=Sandvik |first=Gudmund |title=Norway – The 16th and 17th centuries |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Norway/The-16th-and-17th-centuries |website=Encyclopædia Britannica |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. |access-date=11 August 2026}}</ref> Baada ya [[Udeni]] kushindwa katika vita hivyo, [[Mkataba wa Kiel]] wa mwaka 1814 ulihamisha Norwei kutoka utawala wa Denmark kwenda chini ya udhibiti wa Uswidi.<ref name="Britannica-TreatyOfKiel">{{cite web |title=Treaty of Kiel |url=https://www.britannica.com/event/Treaty-of-Kiel |website=Encyclopædia Britannica |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. |access-date=11 August 2026}}</ref> Wanorwei walipitisha [[katiba]] tarehe 17 Mei 1814 na kutangaza uhuru kwa muda mfupi, lakini baada ya mzozo mfupi Norwei iliingia katika muungano na Uswidi huku ikibaki na katiba yake na taasisi zake muhimu za ndani.<ref name="Britannica-1814">{{cite web |last=Sandvik |first=Gudmund |title=Norway – Union with Sweden |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Norway/Union-with-Sweden |website=Encyclopædia Britannica |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. |access-date=11 August 2026}}</ref> Utaifa wa Kinorwei uliimarika katika [[karne ya 19]], na madai ya kisiasa ya uhuru zaidi hatimaye yalisababisha kuvunjwa kwa amani kwa muungano huo mwaka 1905.<ref name="Britannica-1905">{{cite web |last=Sandvik |first=Gudmund |title=Norway – The 1905 dissolution |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Norway/Union-with-Sweden#ref38590 |website=Encyclopædia Britannica |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. |access-date=11 August 2026}}</ref> Norwei kisha ikawa [[ufalme wa kikatiba]] huru na kumchagua Prince Carl wa Udeni, ambaye akawa Mfalme [[Haakon VII]].<ref name="Britannica-HaakonVII">{{cite web |title=Haakon VII |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Haakon-VII |website=Encyclopædia Britannica |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. |access-date=11 August 2026}}</ref> Norwei ilibaki upande wa kutokuwamo wakati wa [[Vita vya Kwanza vya Dunia]], lakini ilivamiwa na kukaliwa na [[Ujerumani ya Nazi]] mwaka 1940 wakati wa [[Vita vya Pili vya Dunia]].<ref name="Britannica-WWII">{{cite web |last=Sandvik |first=Gudmund |title=Norway – World War II |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Norway/World-War-II |website=Encyclopædia Britannica |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. |access-date=11 August 2026}}</ref> Ukaliaji huo uliendelea hadi Ujerumani iliposalimu amri mwaka 1945, ambapo Norwei ilirejesha taasisi zake za kidemokrasia na kuimarisha nafasi yake kimataifa.<ref name="Britannica-PostWar">{{cite web |last=Sandvik |first=Gudmund |title=Norway – Postwar developments |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Norway/Postwar-developments |website=Encyclopædia Britannica |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. |access-date=11 August 2026}}</ref> Norwei ikawa mwanachama mwanzilishi wa [[NATO]] mwaka 1949 na baadaye ikaendeleza sekta kubwa ya [[petroli]] baada ya kugunduliwa kwa mafuta na gesi katika [[Bahari ya Kaskazini]] mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1960.<ref name="Britannica-Modern">{{cite web |last=Sandvik |first=Gudmund |title=Norway – Oil discovery and economy |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Norway/Postwar-developments#ref38598 |website=Encyclopædia Britannica |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. |access-date=11 August 2026}}</ref> Ingawa Norwei ni mwanachama wa [[Eneo la Kiuchumi la Ulaya]], imekataa mara mbili uanachama katika [[Jumuiya ya Kiuchumi ya Ulaya]]/[[Umoja wa Ulaya]] kupitia kura za maoni za kitaifa, mwaka 1972 na 1994.<ref name="BBC-Profile">{{cite web |title=Norway country profile |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-17743896 |website=BBC News |publisher=BBC |access-date=11 August 2026}}</ref> == Uchumi == Unowe ilikuwa [[nchi maskini]] ya [[wakulima]] na [[wavuvi]], lakini tangu kupatikana kwa [[mafuta]] ya [[petroli]] [[bahari]]ni imekuwa kati ya [[nchi tajiri]] kabisa duniani. == Demografia == === Kabila === Takriban watu milioni 5.6 wanaishi nchini Unowe. Wengi wao (79.2[[%]]) ni Wanorwei asili, [[jamii]] ya [[Wajerumani]]. [[Asilimia]] 20.8 ni [[wahamiaji]] au [[watoto]] wa wahamiaji wawili (hasa [[Polandi|Wapolandi]], [[Lituanya|Walithuania]], [[Somalia|Wasomali]], [[Pakistan|Wapakistani]] na [[Uswidi|Waswidi]]). Wengi wao sasa wana [[uraia]] wa Norwei. === Dini === [[Dini]] ya kwanza ni [[Ukristo]] (68.5%), hasa [[madhehebu]] ya [[Walutheri|Kilutheri]] (61.7%), halafu [[Wakatoliki]] (3.1%, hasa wenye [[asili]] ya [[Polandi]]). Hata hivyo wananchi wengi hawajali sana; wanaoshiriki [[ibada]] kila [[wiki]] ni 2% tu. Katika dini nyingine, unaongoza [[Uislamu]] (3.4%) ulioletwa na [[wahamiaji]] kutoka nchi mbalimbali walioongezeka sana kuanzia miaka ya mwisho ya [[karne ya 20]]. 27.3% hawana dini yoyote. === Miji === [[Mji mkuu]] ni [[Oslo]], wenye wakazi wanaozidi 530,000. [[Miji]] mingine mikubwa ni pamoja na [[Bergen]] wenye wakazi 230,000 na [[Trondheim]] wenye wakazi 150,000; yote miwili imewahi kuwa miji mikuu ya Unowe katika miaka ya mwanzoni.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.trondheim.com/engelsk/touristinfo/ |title=Trondheim - the official website |accessdate=2009-09-04 |format= |work= |archivedate=2009-06-08 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090608010504/http://www.trondheim.com/engelsk/touristinfo }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} == Viungo vya Nje == {{Commons category|Norway}} {{Wikinews|Portal:Norway|Norway}} {{Osmrelation|1059668}} * [http://www.norway.no/ Norway.no], Norway's official portal * [http://www.ssb.no/english/ Statistics Norway] * [http://www.environment.no/ State of the Environment Norway] * [http://www.environment.no/Topics/Norway/ State of the Environment Norway: About Norway] {{Wayback|url=http://www.environment.no/Topics/Norway/ |date=20110813071911 }} * {{CIA World Factbook link|no|Norway}} * [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/420178/Norway Norway] entry at ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]'' * [http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/norway.htm Norway] {{Wayback|url=http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/norway.htm |date=20160126102504 }} from ''UCB Libraries GovPubs'' * [http://www.norway.info/ Norway.info], official foreign portal of the [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Norway)|Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs]] * {{Wikiatlas|Norway}} * [http://www.visitnorway.com/ VisitNorway.com], official travel guide to Norway. * {{Wikivoyage|Norway}} * [http://www.vifanord.de/index.php?id=1&L=1&rd=243343734 vifanord] – a digital library that provides scientific information on the Nordic and Baltic countries as well as the Baltic region as a whole. * [http://bird.dintur.no/ Birdwatching Norway] {{Wayback|url=http://bird.dintur.no/ |date=20181208100707 }} * [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M1h_wIvwhzI National Anthem of Norway] {{Mbegu-jio-Ulaya}} {{Ulaya}} [[Jamii:Norwei| ]] [[Jamii:Skandinavia]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Mkataba wa Schengen]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] rt5d6doq5r7ryfnzbw80tk3sb6pqx3z 0 8102 1593499 1497362 2026-08-30T12:27:49Z Gayle157 73366 /* */ Expanded lead 1593499 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Jedwali la nchi | jina_rasmi = Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Shirikisho la Nepal | jina_asili = सङ्घीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल (Saṅghīya Lokatāntrika Gaṇatantra Nepāla) | bendera = Flag of Nepal.svg | nembo = Emblem of Nepal.svg | kauli_mbiu = जननी जन्मभूमिश्च स्वर्गादपि गरीयसी – "Mama na Taifa ni kuu kuliko Peponi" | wimbo_wa_taifa = सयौँ थुँगा फूलका (''Sayaun Thunga Phulka'') – "Maua Mamia" | ramani = Nepal (orthographic projection).svg | mji_mkubwa_na_mkuu = [[Kathmandu]] | lugha_rasmi = [[Kinepali]] | lugha2 = Lugha zote za mama | serikali = Jamhuri ya shirikisho ya bunge | cheo_kiongozi1 = [[Rais]] | kiongozi1 = [[Ram Chandra Poudel]] | cheo_kiongozi2 = [[Waziri Mkuu]] | kiongozi2 = [[Sushila Karki]] (kaimu) | bunge = Bunge la Shirikisho | muundo_uhuru = Katiba ya sasa | tukio1 = Muungano wa Nepal | tukio1_tarehe = 25 Septemba 1768 | tukio2 = Jamhuri ya Shirikisho | tukio2_tarehe = 28 Mei 2008 | eneo_jumla = 147,516 km² | maji = 2.8% | watu_kadirio = 31,122,387 | mwaka_kadirio = 2024 | msongamano = 180 | mwaka_plt_ppp = 2024 | plt_ppp = $169.120 bilioni | plt_ppp_kwa_mtu = $5,348 | mwaka_plt = 2024 | plt = $43.673 bilioni | plt_kwa_mtu = $1,381 | hdi = {{Ongezeko}} 0.622 </br>- {{kati}} | mwaka_maendeleo = 2023 | cheo_maendeleo = 145 | gini = 30.0 | mwaka_gini = 2022 | fedha = Rupia ya Nepal (NPR) | majira_saa = +05:45 (Saa ya Nepal) | tld = .np | msimbo_simu = 977 }} [[Picha:Nepal map.png|thumb|250px|left|Ramani ya Nepal]] '''Nepal''', rasmi '''Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Shirikisho la Nepal''' ni [[nchi]] isiyo na pwani iliyoko katika [[Asia ya Kusini]], kati ya [[Uchina]] kusini na [[India]] kaskazini-mashariki. Ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 31, ikiwa ya 49 duniani kwa idadi ya watu. Mji mkuu na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Kathmandu]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kinepali]]. Nepal inajulikana kwa kuwa na sehemu kubwa ya [[milima ya Himalaya]] ikiwemo [[Mlima Everest]] ambao ndio mkubwa zaidi duniani, urithi wake wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]] na [[dini|kidini]], hasa [[Uhindu]] na [[Ubudha]], na lenye [[historia]] tajiri ya [[ufalme|kifalme]] na mapambano ya [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]]. [[Historia ya Nepal]] inaenea kwa milenia kadhaa, ikiwa imeathiriwa na maendeleo ya falme za kale, mila za [[Kihindu]] na [[Kibuddha]], pamoja na mabadiliko ya kisiasa. Bonde la Kathmandu likawa kitovu muhimu cha ustaarabu, hasa wakati wa utawala wa nasaba ya Malla, kabla ya kuunganishwa kwa Nepal ya kisasa chini ya Prithvi Narayan Shah katika [[karne ya 18]].<ref name="Britannica_Nepal_History">{{cite web |title=Nepal - History |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Nepal/History |website=Encyclopædia Britannica |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Nasaba ya Shah ilitawala Nepal kwa zaidi ya karne mbili, huku utawala wa Rana ukitawala nchi kuanzia mwaka 1846 hadi 1951, ukidumisha utawala wa kifalme lakini ukitumia sehemu kubwa ya mamlaka ya kisiasa kupitia nafasi ya uwaziri mkuu iliyorithiwa.<ref name="Britannica_Prithvi_Narayan_Shah">{{cite web |title=Prithvi Nārāyaṇ Shah |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Prithvi-Narayan-Shah |website=Encyclopædia Britannica |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Baadaye, Nepal ilirejesha demokrasia ya kibunge mwaka 1951 na kupitia vipindi vya ukosefu wa utulivu wa kisiasa.<ref name="Britannica_Nepal_History"/> Uchumi wa Nepal unategemea zaidi sekta ya huduma, kilimo, utalii na fedha zinazotumwa nchini na Wanepali wanaofanya kazi nje ya nchi.<ref name="Britannica_Nepal_Economy">{{cite web |title=Nepal - Economy |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Nepal/Economy |website=Encyclopædia Britannica |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> [[Kilimo]] bado ni muhimu kwa maisha ya watu wa maeneo ya vijijini, huku mazao makuu yakijumuisha [[mpunga]], [[mahindi]], ngano na mboga.<ref name="Britannica_Nepal_Economy"/> [[Utalii]] una umuhimu mkubwa hasa kutokana na mandhari ya [[milima ya Himalaya]], shughuli za kupanda milima, maeneo ya kidini na urithi wa kitamaduni wa nchi. [[Mlima Everest]] na maeneo ya matembezi ya Himalaya huvutia wageni kutoka sehemu mbalimbali za dunia, huku fedha zinazotumwa na Wanepali wanaofanya kazi nje ya nchi zikiwa chanzo muhimu cha mapato ya kaya na fedha za kigeni.<ref name="Britannica_Nepal_Economy"/> Nepal ina wakazi na mazingira ya kitamaduni yenye utofauti mkubwa, yaliyoathiriwa na [[Nepal#demographia|makabila, lugha, dini na mila]] mbalimbali za kikanda. [[Uhindu]] ndiyo dini kubwa zaidi, huku [[Ubudha]] pia ukiwa na mizizi ya kina katika jamii ya Nepal, hasa kutokana na uhusiano wa nchi hiyo na Lumbini, inayochukuliwa kwa jadi kuwa mahali alikozaliwa Gautama Buddha.<ref name="Britannica_Nepal_Society">{{cite web |title=Nepal - Religion and Ethnic Groups |url=https://kids.britannica.com/students/article/Nepal/276050 |website=Encyclopædia Britannica |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Nchi hiyo ina makundi mbalimbali ya kikabila, yakiwemo Wachhetri, Wabrahmin, Wamagari, Watharu, Watamang, Wanevari na Wagurung, miongoni mwa wengine.<ref name="Britannica_Nepal_Society"/> Nepal ikawa jamhuri ya kidemokrasia ya shirikisho mwaka 2008, na hivyo kukomesha utawala wa kifalme uliodumu kwa karne nyingi, na sasa imegawanywa katika majimbo saba chini ya mfumo wake wa serikali ya shirikisho.<ref name="Britannica_Nepal_History"/> == Jiografia na hali ya hewa == Nepal ina [[umbo]] la [[mstatili]] ulioambatanishwa na umbo la [[pembetatu]]. Ina [[urefu]] wa [[kilomita]] takribani 800 na [[upana]] wa kilomita 200. Maeneo ya kijiografia ya Nepal yanayojulikana sana ni Himal, Pahad na Terai: Himal ni eneo lenye milima. Terai ni pahala palipo chini na Pahad ni milima isiyo na [[theluji]]. Kwa kawaida nchi ya Nepal huwa na [[mvua]] ya kutosha japo kuna [[baridi]] nyingi za [[kipupwe]]. [[Misitu]] ya nchi hii imekuwa ikififia kutokana na ukataji holela wa [[miti]]. == Historia == Vyombo vya [[watu]] waliokuwa wakiishi katika [[zama za mawe]] zilipatikana katika [[bonde]] la Kathmandu kuonyesha kwamba kumekuwa na watu waliokuwa wakiishi katika eneo hili la [[Himalaya]] kwa muda wa zaidi ya miaka [[elfu]] [[kumi na moja]]. [[Maandishi]] makongwe yaonyesha kwamba Nepal ilikuwepo hata miaka 30 [[kabla ya Kristo|kabla ya ujio wa Yesu Kristo]]. [[Kiongozi|Viongozi]] wa kwanza nchini Nepal walikuwa wanaKirati. [[Historia]] ya Nepal yaonyesha kwamba kulikuwa na kadri ya [[himaya]] 30 za wanaKirati walioongoza nchi hii. ==Siasa== Ki[[siasa]] Nepal iko katika kipindi cha [[mageuzi]]. Hadi [[mwaka]] [[2006]] [[mfalme]] alitawala peke yake baada ya kuvunja [[bunge]]. Mwaka huo alilazimishwa kurudisha bunge, nalo lilitangaza ya kwamba mfalme hana [[mamlaka]] tena likamteua Mkuu wa nchi kwa muda. Tena kwamba bunge jipya litakalochaguliwa mnamo [[Juni]] [[2007]] litaamua juu ya [[katiba]] mpya. Tarehe [[28 Mei]] [[2008]] wananchi waliamua kumaliza [[ufalme]] Nepal ikatangazwa kuwa [[jamhuri]] inayofuata [[demokrasia]] na kuwa na [[muundo]] wa [[shirikisho]]. Katiba mpya ilipitishwa mwaka [[2015]]. ==Watu== [[File:Traditional dance from Nepal 2.jpg|thumb|right|Wanepali wakicheza ngoma ya asili]] Wenyeji wametokana na [[wahamiaji]] waliotokea [[India]], [[Tibet]], [[China]] na [[Myanmar]]. Hata [[lugha]] zinazotumika ni za [[jamii]] 4 tofauti. 44.6[[%]] wanaongea [[Kinepali]] ambacho ndicho [[lugha rasmi]]. Hicho ni mojawapo ya [[lugha za Kihindi-Kiulaya]]. Wakazi wengi (81.3%) hufuata [[dini]] ya [[Uhindu]]. [[Ubuddha]] una 9% wa wakazi, ukifuatwa na [[Uislamu]] (4.4%), [[Ukirati]] (3.1%), [[Ukristo]] (1.4%) na [[dini za jadi]] (0.4%). == Utalii == [[Utalii]] ndio [[uti wa mgongo]] wa [[uchumi]] wa Nepal. Nchi hii hupendwa na watalii wanaopenda kuzuru na kuikwea milima yake kama mlima Everest, milima ya Himal na Pahad. Mengine yanayowapendeza watalii ni kuwatazama [[Ndege (mnyama)|ndege]] wa nchi hii na kupaa juu [[Anga|angani]] kwa kutumia [[baluni]] zilizo na [[hewa]] iliyopashwa [[moto]]. Watalii pia hupenda kuzuru nchi hii kwa sababu ya dini ya Kibudha ambayo imejikita mizizi. [[Chakula]] cha Wanepali ni ''dal bhat''. ''Dal'' ni [[mchuzi]] uliowekwa [[maharage]], nayo ''bhat'' ni [[mchele]]. Wanepali pia hupenda kula [[mboga]] zinazoitwa ''tarkari'' zilizowekwa [[kiungo|viungo]] kwa [[jina]] ''chutni.'' ==Picha== <br><gallery caption="Nepal"> Kathmandu-Kathesimbu-10-Stupa nachts-2007-gje.jpg|Kathmandu Budhanilkantha-Vishnu-48-Priester-2007-gje.jpg|Kathmandu Bhaktapur-Taumadhi Tole-08-Bhairava-2007-gje.jpg|Bhaktapur Patan-Palast-Sundhara Chowk-10-Brunnen-gje.jpg|Patan Dingboche to Pangboche-54-Bemalte Felsen-2007-gje.jpg|Himalaya Chhukung-120-Sunrise Lodge-2007-gje.jpg|Himalaya Mustang-Ghami to Tsarang-04-Choerten und Lhatos-Ziegenherde-2015-gje.jpg|Mustang Changu Narayan-Garuda Narayana-68-west-2014-gje.jpg|Changu Narayan </gallery> == Tazama pia == * [[Orodha ya lugha za Nepal]] * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] == Viungo vya nje == * [http://www.nepalgov.gov.np/ Tovuti rasmi] {{Wayback|url=http://www.nepalgov.gov.np/ |date=20190621111641 }} * {{CIA World Factbook link|np|Nepal}} * [http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/nepal.htm Nepal] {{Wayback|url=http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/nepal.htm |date=20090518023657 }} from ''UCB Libraries GovPubs'' * {{Dmoz|Regional/Asia/Nepal}} * [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/409152/Nepal Nepal] at ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]'' * [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-12511455 Nepal profile] from the [[BBC News]] * {{Wikiatlas|Nepal}} * [http://www.planetnepal.org/ Planet Nepal] {{Wayback|url=http://www.planetnepal.org/ |date=20170917080000 }} Nepal Encyclopedia Project * [http://ekendraonline.com/nepal/cost-living-index-nepal/ Cost of Living Index in Nepal - Statistics & Graphs of Nepali Citizen's Economic Power] * [http://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/Country/NPL/Year/2011/Summary World Bank Summary Trade Statistics Nepal] {{Asia}} {{mbegu-jio-Asia}} [[Jamii:Nepal| ]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Asia]] [[Jamii:Himalaya|*]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] oqzchgu0mw44hfkb48eih2fxegfh5vs 1593500 1593499 2026-08-30T12:28:48Z Gayle157 73366 /* Demografia */ 1593500 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Jedwali la nchi | jina_rasmi = Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Shirikisho la Nepal | jina_asili = सङ्घीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल (Saṅghīya Lokatāntrika Gaṇatantra Nepāla) | bendera = Flag of Nepal.svg | nembo = Emblem of Nepal.svg | kauli_mbiu = जननी जन्मभूमिश्च स्वर्गादपि गरीयसी – "Mama na Taifa ni kuu kuliko Peponi" | wimbo_wa_taifa = सयौँ थुँगा फूलका (''Sayaun Thunga Phulka'') – "Maua Mamia" | ramani = Nepal (orthographic projection).svg | mji_mkubwa_na_mkuu = [[Kathmandu]] | lugha_rasmi = [[Kinepali]] | lugha2 = Lugha zote za mama | serikali = Jamhuri ya shirikisho ya bunge | cheo_kiongozi1 = [[Rais]] | kiongozi1 = [[Ram Chandra Poudel]] | cheo_kiongozi2 = [[Waziri Mkuu]] | kiongozi2 = [[Sushila Karki]] (kaimu) | bunge = Bunge la Shirikisho | muundo_uhuru = Katiba ya sasa | tukio1 = Muungano wa Nepal | tukio1_tarehe = 25 Septemba 1768 | tukio2 = Jamhuri ya Shirikisho | tukio2_tarehe = 28 Mei 2008 | eneo_jumla = 147,516 km² | maji = 2.8% | watu_kadirio = 31,122,387 | mwaka_kadirio = 2024 | msongamano = 180 | mwaka_plt_ppp = 2024 | plt_ppp = $169.120 bilioni | plt_ppp_kwa_mtu = $5,348 | mwaka_plt = 2024 | plt = $43.673 bilioni | plt_kwa_mtu = $1,381 | hdi = {{Ongezeko}} 0.622 </br>- {{kati}} | mwaka_maendeleo = 2023 | cheo_maendeleo = 145 | gini = 30.0 | mwaka_gini = 2022 | fedha = Rupia ya Nepal (NPR) | majira_saa = +05:45 (Saa ya Nepal) | tld = .np | msimbo_simu = 977 }} [[Picha:Nepal map.png|thumb|250px|left|Ramani ya Nepal]] '''Nepal''', rasmi '''Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Shirikisho la Nepal''' ni [[nchi]] isiyo na pwani iliyoko katika [[Asia ya Kusini]], kati ya [[Uchina]] kusini na [[India]] kaskazini-mashariki. Ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 31, ikiwa ya 49 duniani kwa idadi ya watu. Mji mkuu na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Kathmandu]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kinepali]]. Nepal inajulikana kwa kuwa na sehemu kubwa ya [[milima ya Himalaya]] ikiwemo [[Mlima Everest]] ambao ndio mkubwa zaidi duniani, urithi wake wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]] na [[dini|kidini]], hasa [[Uhindu]] na [[Ubudha]], na lenye [[historia]] tajiri ya [[ufalme|kifalme]] na mapambano ya [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]]. [[Historia ya Nepal]] inaenea kwa milenia kadhaa, ikiwa imeathiriwa na maendeleo ya falme za kale, mila za [[Kihindu]] na [[Kibuddha]], pamoja na mabadiliko ya kisiasa. Bonde la Kathmandu likawa kitovu muhimu cha ustaarabu, hasa wakati wa utawala wa nasaba ya Malla, kabla ya kuunganishwa kwa Nepal ya kisasa chini ya Prithvi Narayan Shah katika [[karne ya 18]].<ref name="Britannica_Nepal_History">{{cite web |title=Nepal - History |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Nepal/History |website=Encyclopædia Britannica |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Nasaba ya Shah ilitawala Nepal kwa zaidi ya karne mbili, huku utawala wa Rana ukitawala nchi kuanzia mwaka 1846 hadi 1951, ukidumisha utawala wa kifalme lakini ukitumia sehemu kubwa ya mamlaka ya kisiasa kupitia nafasi ya uwaziri mkuu iliyorithiwa.<ref name="Britannica_Prithvi_Narayan_Shah">{{cite web |title=Prithvi Nārāyaṇ Shah |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Prithvi-Narayan-Shah |website=Encyclopædia Britannica |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Baadaye, Nepal ilirejesha demokrasia ya kibunge mwaka 1951 na kupitia vipindi vya ukosefu wa utulivu wa kisiasa.<ref name="Britannica_Nepal_History"/> Uchumi wa Nepal unategemea zaidi sekta ya huduma, kilimo, utalii na fedha zinazotumwa nchini na Wanepali wanaofanya kazi nje ya nchi.<ref name="Britannica_Nepal_Economy">{{cite web |title=Nepal - Economy |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Nepal/Economy |website=Encyclopædia Britannica |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> [[Kilimo]] bado ni muhimu kwa maisha ya watu wa maeneo ya vijijini, huku mazao makuu yakijumuisha [[mpunga]], [[mahindi]], ngano na mboga.<ref name="Britannica_Nepal_Economy"/> [[Utalii]] una umuhimu mkubwa hasa kutokana na mandhari ya [[milima ya Himalaya]], shughuli za kupanda milima, maeneo ya kidini na urithi wa kitamaduni wa nchi. [[Mlima Everest]] na maeneo ya matembezi ya Himalaya huvutia wageni kutoka sehemu mbalimbali za dunia, huku fedha zinazotumwa na Wanepali wanaofanya kazi nje ya nchi zikiwa chanzo muhimu cha mapato ya kaya na fedha za kigeni.<ref name="Britannica_Nepal_Economy"/> Nepal ina wakazi na mazingira ya kitamaduni yenye utofauti mkubwa, yaliyoathiriwa na [[Nepal#demographia|makabila, lugha, dini na mila]] mbalimbali za kikanda. [[Uhindu]] ndiyo dini kubwa zaidi, huku [[Ubudha]] pia ukiwa na mizizi ya kina katika jamii ya Nepal, hasa kutokana na uhusiano wa nchi hiyo na Lumbini, inayochukuliwa kwa jadi kuwa mahali alikozaliwa Gautama Buddha.<ref name="Britannica_Nepal_Society">{{cite web |title=Nepal - Religion and Ethnic Groups |url=https://kids.britannica.com/students/article/Nepal/276050 |website=Encyclopædia Britannica |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Nchi hiyo ina makundi mbalimbali ya kikabila, yakiwemo Wachhetri, Wabrahmin, Wamagari, Watharu, Watamang, Wanevari na Wagurung, miongoni mwa wengine.<ref name="Britannica_Nepal_Society"/> Nepal ikawa jamhuri ya kidemokrasia ya shirikisho mwaka 2008, na hivyo kukomesha utawala wa kifalme uliodumu kwa karne nyingi, na sasa imegawanywa katika majimbo saba chini ya mfumo wake wa serikali ya shirikisho.<ref name="Britannica_Nepal_History"/> == Jiografia na hali ya hewa == Nepal ina [[umbo]] la [[mstatili]] ulioambatanishwa na umbo la [[pembetatu]]. Ina [[urefu]] wa [[kilomita]] takribani 800 na [[upana]] wa kilomita 200. Maeneo ya kijiografia ya Nepal yanayojulikana sana ni Himal, Pahad na Terai: Himal ni eneo lenye milima. Terai ni pahala palipo chini na Pahad ni milima isiyo na [[theluji]]. Kwa kawaida nchi ya Nepal huwa na [[mvua]] ya kutosha japo kuna [[baridi]] nyingi za [[kipupwe]]. [[Misitu]] ya nchi hii imekuwa ikififia kutokana na ukataji holela wa [[miti]]. == Historia == Vyombo vya [[watu]] waliokuwa wakiishi katika [[zama za mawe]] zilipatikana katika [[bonde]] la Kathmandu kuonyesha kwamba kumekuwa na watu waliokuwa wakiishi katika eneo hili la [[Himalaya]] kwa muda wa zaidi ya miaka [[elfu]] [[kumi na moja]]. [[Maandishi]] makongwe yaonyesha kwamba Nepal ilikuwepo hata miaka 30 [[kabla ya Kristo|kabla ya ujio wa Yesu Kristo]]. [[Kiongozi|Viongozi]] wa kwanza nchini Nepal walikuwa wanaKirati. [[Historia]] ya Nepal yaonyesha kwamba kulikuwa na kadri ya [[himaya]] 30 za wanaKirati walioongoza nchi hii. ==Siasa== Ki[[siasa]] Nepal iko katika kipindi cha [[mageuzi]]. Hadi [[mwaka]] [[2006]] [[mfalme]] alitawala peke yake baada ya kuvunja [[bunge]]. Mwaka huo alilazimishwa kurudisha bunge, nalo lilitangaza ya kwamba mfalme hana [[mamlaka]] tena likamteua Mkuu wa nchi kwa muda. Tena kwamba bunge jipya litakalochaguliwa mnamo [[Juni]] [[2007]] litaamua juu ya [[katiba]] mpya. Tarehe [[28 Mei]] [[2008]] wananchi waliamua kumaliza [[ufalme]] Nepal ikatangazwa kuwa [[jamhuri]] inayofuata [[demokrasia]] na kuwa na [[muundo]] wa [[shirikisho]]. Katiba mpya ilipitishwa mwaka [[2015]]. ==Demografia== [[File:Traditional dance from Nepal 2.jpg|thumb|right|Wanepali wakicheza ngoma ya asili]] Wenyeji wametokana na [[wahamiaji]] waliotokea [[India]], [[Tibet]], [[China]] na [[Myanmar]]. Hata [[lugha]] zinazotumika ni za [[jamii]] 4 tofauti. 44.6[[%]] wanaongea [[Kinepali]] ambacho ndicho [[lugha rasmi]]. Hicho ni mojawapo ya [[lugha za Kihindi-Kiulaya]]. Wakazi wengi (81.3%) hufuata [[dini]] ya [[Uhindu]]. [[Ubuddha]] una 9% wa wakazi, ukifuatwa na [[Uislamu]] (4.4%), [[Ukirati]] (3.1%), [[Ukristo]] (1.4%) na [[dini za jadi]] (0.4%). == Utalii == [[Utalii]] ndio [[uti wa mgongo]] wa [[uchumi]] wa Nepal. Nchi hii hupendwa na watalii wanaopenda kuzuru na kuikwea milima yake kama mlima Everest, milima ya Himal na Pahad. Mengine yanayowapendeza watalii ni kuwatazama [[Ndege (mnyama)|ndege]] wa nchi hii na kupaa juu [[Anga|angani]] kwa kutumia [[baluni]] zilizo na [[hewa]] iliyopashwa [[moto]]. Watalii pia hupenda kuzuru nchi hii kwa sababu ya dini ya Kibudha ambayo imejikita mizizi. [[Chakula]] cha Wanepali ni ''dal bhat''. ''Dal'' ni [[mchuzi]] uliowekwa [[maharage]], nayo ''bhat'' ni [[mchele]]. Wanepali pia hupenda kula [[mboga]] zinazoitwa ''tarkari'' zilizowekwa [[kiungo|viungo]] kwa [[jina]] ''chutni.'' ==Picha== <br><gallery caption="Nepal"> Kathmandu-Kathesimbu-10-Stupa nachts-2007-gje.jpg|Kathmandu Budhanilkantha-Vishnu-48-Priester-2007-gje.jpg|Kathmandu Bhaktapur-Taumadhi Tole-08-Bhairava-2007-gje.jpg|Bhaktapur Patan-Palast-Sundhara Chowk-10-Brunnen-gje.jpg|Patan Dingboche to Pangboche-54-Bemalte Felsen-2007-gje.jpg|Himalaya Chhukung-120-Sunrise Lodge-2007-gje.jpg|Himalaya Mustang-Ghami to Tsarang-04-Choerten und Lhatos-Ziegenherde-2015-gje.jpg|Mustang Changu Narayan-Garuda Narayana-68-west-2014-gje.jpg|Changu Narayan </gallery> == Tazama pia == * [[Orodha ya lugha za Nepal]] * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] == Viungo vya nje == * [http://www.nepalgov.gov.np/ Tovuti rasmi] {{Wayback|url=http://www.nepalgov.gov.np/ |date=20190621111641 }} * {{CIA World Factbook link|np|Nepal}} * [http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/nepal.htm Nepal] {{Wayback|url=http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/nepal.htm |date=20090518023657 }} from ''UCB Libraries GovPubs'' * {{Dmoz|Regional/Asia/Nepal}} * [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/409152/Nepal Nepal] at ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]'' * [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-12511455 Nepal profile] from the [[BBC News]] * {{Wikiatlas|Nepal}} * [http://www.planetnepal.org/ Planet Nepal] {{Wayback|url=http://www.planetnepal.org/ |date=20170917080000 }} Nepal Encyclopedia Project * [http://ekendraonline.com/nepal/cost-living-index-nepal/ Cost of Living Index in Nepal - Statistics & Graphs of Nepali Citizen's Economic Power] * [http://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/Country/NPL/Year/2011/Summary World Bank Summary Trade Statistics Nepal] {{Asia}} {{mbegu-jio-Asia}} [[Jamii:Nepal| ]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Asia]] [[Jamii:Himalaya|*]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] byjpxjusd8gw63rmsf3xa3to8ybpw5q 0 30394 1593608 1461119 2026-08-31T05:37:49Z Nassimdz03 80813 1593608 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person |jina = Chadli Bendjedid |picha =Chadli.jpg |maelezo_ya_picha =raisi wa tatu wa algeria |tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = 14 Aprili 1929 |mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = |tarehe_ya_kufariki = |mahala_alipofia = |majina_mengine = |anafahamika kwa = |kazi_yake =Rais |nchi =Algeria }} '''Chadli Bendjedid''' (amezaliwa [[14 Aprili]] [[1929]]) alikuwa [[Rais]] wa nchi ya [[Algeria]] kuanzia [[9 Februari]] [[1979]] hadi [[11 Januari]] [[1992]]. Alifuatwa na [[Mohamed Boudiaf]]. {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{Marais wa Aljeria}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bendjedid, Chadli}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1929]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2012]] [[Jamii:Marais wa Algeria]] h73rjtgqts808rewzorxm7qbkyfly0b 0 32633 1593629 1277514 2026-08-31T08:38:07Z Jonny Frosty 49734 Jonny Frosty moved page [[Harald V wa Norwei]] to [[Harald V]] over redirect: Misspelled title 1277514 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Harald V Norge.jpg|thumb|Harald V wa Norwei.]] '''Harald V''' (alizaliwa [[21 Februari]] [[1937]]) ni [[wafalme wa Norwei|mfalme]] wa [[Norwei]]. Baba yake alikuwa [[Olav V wa Norwei|Olav V]], na mama yake alikuwa [[Märtha wa Norwei|Märtha]]. Harald aliaga dunia [[17 Januari]] [[1991]]. Yeye alikuwa mfalme wa kwanza kuzaliwa Norwei tangu miaka 600. Harald alioana na [[Sonja wa Norwei|Sonja]]na wana watoto wawili: [[Märtha Louise wa Norwei|Märtha Louise]] (z. 1971) na [[Haakon Magnus wa Norwei|Haakon Magnus]] (z. 1973). {{DEFAULTSORT:Harald 5}} [[Jamii:Wafalme na malkia wa Norwei]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1937]] dmceq9flsk8f00pcokrcbvb20307i5b 1593636 1593629 2026-08-31T09:08:37Z Jonny Frosty 49734 1593636 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Harald V''' (Alizaliwa tarehe [[21 Februari|21]] [[Februari]] [[1937]]) alikua [[Mfalme]] wa [[Norwei]] kuanzia tarehe [[17 Januari]] [[1991]] hadi kufariki kwake tarehe [[28 Agosti]] [[2026]]. Alikua mwanachama wa House of Glücksburg, alikua mtoto wa tatu na mwana wa kiume wa pekee wa Mfalme Olav V wa [[Norwei]] na Binti Mfalme Martha wa [[Sweden]]. Alikua wa pili kwenye kuja kurithi kiti cha Ufalme wakati wa kuzaliwa kwake, akimfuata baba yake. Mnamo mwaka 1940, kutokana na uvamizi wa Wajerumani wakati wa [[Vita vya Pili vya Dunia]], Familia hio ya kifalme ililazimika kukimbilia uhamishoni. Harald alitumia sehemu ya maisha yake ya utotoni nchini [[Sweden]] na [[Marekani]]. Alirejea [[Norwei]] mnamo mwaka [[1945]] na alianza kusoma katika vyuo mbalimbali kama vile Chuo kikuu cha Oslo, Chuo cha Kijeshi cha Norway na Chuo cha Balliol, Oxford. Alikua mwanamichezo mahiri, aliwahi kuiwakirisha [[Norwei]] katika mashindano ya kupiga mashua kwenye michezo ya [[Olimpiki]] ya mwaka [[1964]], [[1968]] na [[1972]], na pia aliwahi kua mlezi wa shirika la World Sailing<ref>http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/kongelige/article1181274.ece</ref>. Harald alioana na [[Sonja wa Norwei|Sonja]]na wana watoto wawili: [[Märtha Louise wa Norwei|Märtha Louise]] (z. [[1971]]) na [[Haakon Magnus wa Norwei|Haakon Magnus]] (z. [[1973]]). == Marejeo == {{DEFAULTSORT:Harald 5}} [[Jamii:Wafalme na malkia wa Norwei]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1937]] q3e4uu148ehu15gmf38l9poadylaca3 1593637 1593636 2026-08-31T09:09:14Z Jonny Frosty 49734 1593637 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Harald V''' (Alizaliwa tarehe [[21 Februari|21]] [[Februari]] [[1937]]) alikua [[Mfalme]] wa [[Norwei]] kuanzia tarehe [[17 Januari]] [[1991]] hadi kufariki kwake tarehe [[28 Agosti]] [[2026]]. Alikua mwanachama wa House of Glücksburg, alikua mtoto wa tatu na mwana wa kiume wa pekee wa Mfalme Olav V wa [[Norwei]] na Binti Mfalme Martha wa [[Sweden]]. Alikua wa pili kwenye kuja kurithi kiti cha Ufalme wakati wa kuzaliwa kwake, akimfuata baba yake. Mnamo mwaka 1940, kutokana na uvamizi wa Wajerumani wakati wa [[Vita vya Pili vya Dunia]], Familia hio ya kifalme ililazimika kukimbilia uhamishoni. Harald alitumia sehemu ya maisha yake ya utotoni nchini [[Sweden]] na [[Marekani]]. Alirejea [[Norwei]] mnamo mwaka [[1945]] na alianza kusoma katika vyuo mbalimbali kama vile Chuo kikuu cha Oslo, Chuo cha Kijeshi cha Norway na Chuo cha Balliol, Oxford. Alikua mwanamichezo mahiri, aliwahi kuiwakirisha [[Norwei]] katika mashindano ya kupiga mashua kwenye michezo ya [[Olimpiki]] ya mwaka [[1964]], [[1968]] na [[1972]], na pia aliwahi kua mlezi wa shirika la World Sailing<ref>http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/kongelige/article1181274.ece</ref>. Harald alioana na [[Sonja wa Norwei|Sonja]]na wana watoto wawili: [[Märtha Louise wa Norwei|Märtha Louise]] (z. [[1971]]) na [[Haakon Magnus wa Norwei|Haakon Magnus]] (z. [[1973]]). == Marejeo == {{DEFAULTSORT:Harald 5}} [[Jamii:Wafalme na malkia wa Norwei]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1937]] <references /> [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2026]] en9ks16eonaa12jpy7u2dhuwxmodi4x 1593643 1593637 2026-08-31T09:31:31Z Jonny Frosty 49734 1593643 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person |name = Harald V |picha = Kong Harald åpner Sametinget 1993 (cropped).jpg |maelezo = Harald akiwa amevalia nguo za Kijeshi akiwa na umri wa miaka 56. |caption = Harald in 1993 |cheo = [[Mfalme]] wa [[Norwei]] |tarehe ya kuzaliwa = [[21 Februari]] [[1937]] | cor_type = [[Benediction]] |kutawazwa = 23 June 1991{{Efn|Coronation requirement discarded by constitutional amendment in 1908. Harald V took the Royal Oath in the [[Storting]] on 21 January 1991 and received the benediction in the [[Nidaros Cathedral]] on 23 June.}} | predecessor = [[Olav V]] | successor = [[Haakon VIII]] | regent = Haakon ({{abbr|2003|25 November 2003}}–{{abbr|2004|12 April 2004}}, {{abbr|2005|29 March – 7 June 2005}}, {{abbr|2020|25 September – 31 October 2020}}, {{abbr|2024|6 March – 22 April 2024}}, {{abbr|2026|18 – 28 August}}) | succession1 = [[List of regents#Norway|Regent of Norway]] | reign1 = 1 June 1990 – 17 January 1991 | reign_type1 = Regency | regent1 = Olav V | reg_type1 = Monarch |tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{birth date|1937|02|21|df=y}} |mahali pakuzaliwa = [[Skaugum]], Asker, Norway |tarehe ya kufa = {{death date and age|2026|08|28|1937|02|21|df=y}} | mahali pakufa = [[Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet|Rikshospitalet]], Oslo, Norway | mwenza = {{marriage|[[Sonja Haraldsen]]|29 August 1968}} | issue_link = #Issue | issue = {{ubl|[[Princess Märtha Louise]]|[[Haakon VIII]]}} | nyumba = [[House of Glücksburg|Glücksburg]] | baba = [[Olav V]] | mama = [[Märtha of Sweden]] | dini = [[Kanisa]] la [[Norwei]] | sign = HaraldVSignature.svg | module = {{infobox sportsperson | embed=yes | medal_templates = {{MedalSport | [[Sailing (sport)|Sailing]]}} {{MedalCountry | {{Flagu|Norway}} }} {{Medal|Comp|World Championships}} {{Medal|Gold|1987 World Championship|Sailing}} {{Medal|Silver|1982 World Championship|Sailing}} {{Medal|Bronze|1988 World Championship |Sailing}} {{Medal|Comp|European Championships}} {{Medal|Gold|2005 European Championship|Sailing}} }} }}'''Harald V''' (Alizaliwa tarehe [[21 Februari|21]] [[Februari]] [[1937]]) alikua [[Mfalme]] wa [[Norwei]] kuanzia tarehe [[17 Januari]] [[1991]] hadi kufariki kwake tarehe [[28 Agosti]] [[2026]]. Alikua mwanachama wa House of Glücksburg, alikua mtoto wa tatu na mwana wa kiume wa pekee wa Mfalme Olav V wa [[Norwei]] na Binti Mfalme Martha wa [[Sweden]]. Alikua wa pili kwenye kuja kurithi kiti cha Ufalme wakati wa kuzaliwa kwake, akimfuata baba yake. Mnamo mwaka 1940, kutokana na uvamizi wa Wajerumani wakati wa [[Vita vya Pili vya Dunia]], Familia hio ya kifalme ililazimika kukimbilia uhamishoni. Harald alitumia sehemu ya maisha yake ya utotoni nchini [[Sweden]] na [[Marekani]]. Alirejea [[Norwei]] mnamo mwaka [[1945]] na alianza kusoma katika vyuo mbalimbali kama vile Chuo kikuu cha Oslo, Chuo cha Kijeshi cha Norway na Chuo cha Balliol, Oxford. Alikua mwanamichezo mahiri, aliwahi kuiwakirisha [[Norwei]] katika mashindano ya kupiga mashua kwenye michezo ya [[Olimpiki]] ya mwaka [[1964]], [[1968]] na [[1972]], na pia aliwahi kua mlezi wa shirika la World Sailing<ref>http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/kongelige/article1181274.ece</ref>. Harald alioana na [[Sonja wa Norwei|Sonja]]na wana watoto wawili: [[Märtha Louise wa Norwei|Märtha Louise]] (z. [[1971]]) na [[Haakon Magnus wa Norwei|Haakon Magnus]] (z. [[1973]]). == Marejeo == {{DEFAULTSORT:Harald 5}} [[Jamii:Wafalme na malkia wa Norwei]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1937]] <references /> [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2026]] 5gwshdma5wqxybuovxxcx2ssrzuxrf1 0 40508 1593613 1580270 2026-08-31T07:39:50Z Andre Engels 29 merge 1593613 wikitext text/x-wiki {{merge|Kifo cha Yesu}} [[Picha:Cristo crucificado.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Mchoro]] wa [[Diego Velázquez]], ''[[Yesu msulubiwa]]'', [[1631]], [[Jumba la Makumbusho|Makumbusho]] ya [[Prado]] ([[Madrid]], [[Hispania]]) unaonyesha anwani juu ya [[kichwa]] chake.]] [[Picha:SabinaCrucify.jpg|250px|right|thumb|[[Kigae]] cha msalaba - [[Basilika]] la [[Santa Sabina]] huko [[Roma]] ([[Italia]]).]] {{Yesu Kristo}} '''Msalaba wa Yesu''' ni [[msalaba]] ule ambao [[Yesu Kristo]] alisulubiwa juu yake hadi [[Mauti|kifo]] [[Kifo cha Yesu|chake]] kilichotokea huko [[Yerusalemu]] kwa [[amri]] ya [[Ponsyo Pilato]] [[siku]] ya [[Ijumaa Kuu|Ijumaa]], labda [[tarehe]] [[7 Aprili]] [[30]] [[BK]], la sivyo tarehe [[3 Aprili]] [[33]]<ref name=ChronosPaul >[[Paul L. Maier]] "The Date of the Nativity and Chronology of Jesus" in ''Chronos, kairos, Christos: nativity and chronological studies'' by Jerry Vardaman, Edwin M. Yamauchi 1989 {{ISBN|0-931464-50-1}} pp. 113–129</ref><ref name=Kostenberger140 >''The Cradle, the Cross, and the Crown: An Introduction to the New Testament'' by [[Andreas J. Köstenberger]], L. Scott Kellum 2009 {{ISBN|978-0-8054-4365-3}} p. 114</ref><ref name=Barnett19 >''Jesus & the Rise of Early Christianity: A History of New Testament Times'' by Paul Barnett 2002 {{ISBN|0-8308-2699-8}} pp. 19–21</ref>. Tukio hilo {{sfn|Eddy|Boyd|2007|page=172. "...if there is any fact of Jesus' life that has been established by a broad consensus, it is the fact of Jesus' crucifixion.}}, pamoja na [[ufufuko wa Yesu]] unaosadikiwa na [[Ukristo]] kutokea [[siku]] ya [[tatu]] ([[Jumapili]] ya [[Pasaka ya Kikristo|Pasaka]]), ndiyo [[kiini]] cha [[imani]] ya [[dini]] hiyo mpya iliyotokana na ile ya [[Uyahudi]]. Kwa Wakristo [[fumbo]] hilo la [[Pasaka]] ndilo [[kilele]] cha [[historia ya wokovu]] inayotangazwa na [[Biblia ya Kikristo]]<ref>Haight, Roger. "Jesus and Salvation: An Essay in Interpretation." Theological Studies, vol. 55, no. 2, 1994, pp. 227–250. [https://theologicalstudies.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/55.2.2.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240217015756/https://theologicalstudies.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/55.2.2.pdf |date=February 17, 2024 }}</ref>. Fumbo hilo lilisababisha kazi nyingi za [[sanaa ya Kikristo]], hasa [[uchoraji]] na [[uchongaji]]. ==Historia== [[Adhabu]] hiyo kali ilianza kutumika huko [[Uajemi]] na kuenea hadi [[Dola la Roma]] ambalo liliitumia hasa katika maeneo ya pembeni na kwa [[watumwa]]. Kadiri ya [[Injili]] zote [[nne]], zinazoungwa mkono na [[maandishi]] mengine mbalimbali, Ponsyo Pilato, [[liwali]] wa [[Palestina]] ([[26]]-[[36]]<ref name="Lémonon 1981 29–32">{{cite book |last=Lémonon |first=J.P. |title=Pilate et le gouvernement de la Judée: textes et monuments, Études bibliques |publisher=Gabalda |location=Paris |year=1981 |pages=29–32}}</ref> ), aliamua [[Yesu]] aadhibiwe hivyo kulingana na shtaka la [[Kiongozi|viongozi]] wa [[Wayahudi]] waliodai kwamba mtuhumiwa huyo alijitangaza kuwa [[mfalme]] na kupinga [[mamlaka]] ya [[Kaisari]] wa [[Roma]], kwa wakati huo [[Tiberius]], ingawa Pilato alikuwa ametambua shtaka halikuwa la kweli, bali lilitokana na [[husuda]]<ref name=Kostenberger104 >''The Cradle, the Cross, and the Crown: An Introduction to the New Testament'' by [[Andreas J. Köstenberger]], L. Scott Kellum 2009 {{ISBN|978-0-8054-4365-3}} pp.&nbsp;104–108</ref><ref name="Evans, Craig A. 2001 page 316">{{Rejea kitabu|last1=Evans|first1=Craig A. |year=2001|title=Jesus and His Contemporaries: Comparative Studies|url=https://archive.org/details/jesushiscontempo0000evan|isbn=0-391-04118-5|page=[https://archive.org/details/jesushiscontempo0000evan/page/316 316]}}</ref><ref name="Wansbrough, Henry 2004 page 185">{{Rejea kitabu|last1=Wansbrough|first1=Henry |year=2004|title=Jesus and the Oral Gospel Tradition|url=https://archive.org/details/jesusoralgospelt0000unse|isbn=0-567-04090-9|page=[https://archive.org/details/jesusoralgospelt0000unse/page/184 185] |publisher=A&C Black }}</ref>. Kadiri ya [[Injili ya Yohane]], Pilato mwenyewe alisisitiza kwamba, katika [[maandishi]] yaliyotakiwa kuwajulisha [[watu]] sababu ya [[adhabu ya kifo]], iwekwe wazi kwamba Yesu aliuawa kama [[mfalme wa Wayahudi]], ingawa [[neno]] hilo lilichukiza viongozi wa [[taifa]]. Maneno ya ilani hiyo yaliandikwa katika [[lugha]] [[tatu]]: *[[Kilatini]]: Iesus Nazarenus Rex Iudeorum, [[kifupi]] [[INRI]], *[[Kigiriki]]: Ἰησοῦς ὁ Ναζωραῖος ὁ Bασιλεὺς τῶν Ἰουδαίω. Kutokana na [[herufi]] hizo, [[Wagiriki]] wanaandika INBI. *[[Kiebrania]]: ישוע הנוצרי ומלך היהודים. [[Herufi]] za kwanza za maneno hayo kwa Kiebrania ni יהוה, [[YHWH]], ndilo [[jina]] takatifu la [[Mungu]] katika [[Biblia ya Kiebrania]]. Yesu akiwa msalabani alisema maneno kadhaa. Kati ya hayo, ni maarufu [[maneno saba]] yaliyoripotiwa na Injili yakimuelekea [[Mungu Baba]], [[Bikira Maria]], [[Mtume Yohane]] na [[Dismas Mtakatifu|mhalifu aliyesulubiwa pamoja naye]]. ==Picha== <gallery widths="180" heights="180"> File:14th-century fresco of Jesus Christ bearing the cross, Visoki Dečani, Kosovo.jpg|''Kubeba Msalaba'' [[mchoro wa ukutani]], [[Decani monastery]], [[Kosovo]], karne ya 14 File:MCB icon3.jpg|[[Picha takatifu]] ya Yesu kusulubiwa, [[Athens]], [[Ugiriki]] File:Miguel Angel Crucifixion La Redonda Logrono Spain.jpg|''Kusulubiwa kwa Kristo'', mchoro wa [[Michelangelo]], 1540 File:De kruisiging.jpg|alt=Print of the Crucifixion, made at the end of the 16th century|[[Albrecht Dürer]], ''Die Kreuzigung'', iliyochapishwa karne ya 16<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=De Kruisiging|url=https://lib.ugent.be/viewer/archive.ugent.be:B4D16A3C-15CD-11E9-954B-23312282636C#?c=&m=&s=&cv=&xywh=-2876,-181,8131,3613|access-date=2020-09-28|website=lib.ugent.be|archive-date=October 17, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201017140700/https://lib.ugent.be/viewer/archive.ugent.be:B4D16A3C-15CD-11E9-954B-23312282636C#?c=&m=&s=&cv=&xywh=-2876,-181,8131,3613|url-status=live}}</ref> File:Paolo Veronese 010.jpg|''[[Kalivari]]'', mchoro wa [[Paolo Veronese]], karne ya 16 File:History of the Kings (f.38) the Crucifixion of Christ.jpg|[[Mchoro mdogo]] wa karne ya 14 au 15, [[Welisi]] File:ArchdiocesanShrineofSaint Annejf0133 12.JPG|Msalaba katika [[Taguig Church]], [[Ufilipino]] File:Jesus Tkors Ytterselo01.gif|Yesu msulubiwa, Ytterselö kyrka, [[Uswidi]], 1500 hivi File:Santíssimo Cristo 02.jpg|''[[Cristo de La Laguna]]'', 1510–14, [[San Cristóbal de La Laguna]], Hispania File:Crucifixion by G.Margkazinis (17th c.).jpg|''Kusulubiwa'', [[Georgios Markazinis]], 1647 File:Raffaello, pala baglioni, deposizione.jpg|''Kushushwa kutoka msalabani'', mchoro wa [[Raphael]], 1507 File:Peter Paul Rubens - Descent from the cross (1617).jpg|''Kushushwa kutoka msalabani'', mchoro wa [[Rubens]], 1616–17 </gallery> ==Tazama pia== * [[Kifo cha Yesu]] * [[Yesu kushushwa]] * [[Titulus Crucis]] ==Tanbihi== {{marejeo}} ==Vyanzo== {{refbegin}} <!-- B --> * {{cite book | last =Blomberg | first =Craig L. | year =2009 | title =Jesus and the Gospels: An Introduction and Survey | publisher =B&H Publishing | isbn =978-0-8054-4482-7}} <!-- C --> * {{cite book | last =Crossan | first =John Dominic | year =1995 | title =Jesus: A Revolutionary Biography | url =https://archive.org/details/jesusrevolutiona00cros_1 | publisher=HarperOne | isbn =0-06-061662-8}} <!-- D --> * {{cite book | last =Dunn | first =James D. G. | year =2003 | title =Jesus Remembered | url =https://archive.org/details/jesusremembered0000dunn | publisher =Wm. B. Eerdmans | isbn =0-8028-3931-2}} <!-- E --> * {{cite book | last1 =Eddy | first1 = Paul |last2=Boyd | first2 =Gregory | year =2007 | title =The Jesus Legend: A Case for the Historical Reliability of the Synoptic Jesus Tradition | publisher =Baker Academic | isbn =978-0-8010-3114-4}} * {{cite book | last =Ehrman | first =Bart D. | year =2008 | title =A Brief Introduction to the New Testament | url =https://archive.org/details/briefintroductio0000ehrm_x4c5 | publisher =Oxford University Press | isbn =978-0-19-536934-2}} <!-- L --> * {{cite book | last =Lüdemann | first =Gerd | year =1997 | title =The Unholy in Holy Scripture: The Dark Side of the Bible| publisher =Westminster John Knox Press | isbn =0-664-25739-9}} <!-- M --> * {{cite book | last = Meier | first =John P. | year =2006 | chapter =How do we decide what comes from Jesus | editor-last1 =Dunn | editor-first1 =James D. G. | editor-last2 =McKnight | editor-first2 =Scot | title =The Historical Jesus in Recent Research | url = https://archive.org/details/historicaljesusi0010unse | publisher =Eisenbrauns | isbn =1-57506-100-7}} <!-- T --> * {{cite book | last =Tuckett | first =Christopher M. | chapter = | editor-last =Bockmuehl | editor-first =Markus N. A. | year =2001 | title =The Cambridge Companion to Jesus | publisher =Cambridge University Press | isbn =0-521-79678-4}} <!-- V --> * {{cite book | last =Verhoeven | first =Paul | year =2010 | title =Jesus of Nazareth | url =https://archive.org/details/jesusofnazareth0000verh | publisher =Seven Stories Press | isbn =978-1-58322-905-7}} {{refend}} ==Marejeo mengine== * {{Rejea jarida| title = 'Doketismus' – eine Problemanzeige |periodical = Zeitschrift für Kirchengeschichte |last = Brox |first = Norbert |publisher =[[Kohlhammer Verlag]]|year = 1984 |volume = 95 |pages = 301–314 |issn = 0044-2925 }} * {{cite book |title=A Theology of the Cross: The Death of Jesus in the Pauline Letters |url=https://archive.org/details/theologyofcrossd0000cous |last=Cousar |first=Charles B. |year=1990 |publisher=Fortress Press |isbn=0-8006-1558-1 }} * {{cite journal |last=Dennis |first=John |year=2006 |title=Jesus' Death in John's Gospel: A Survey of Research from Bultmann to the Present with Special Reference to the Johannine Hyper-Texts |journal=[[Currents in Biblical Research]] |volume=4 |issue=3 |pages=331–363 |doi=10.1177/1476993X06064628 |s2cid=170326371 }} * {{cite book|title=The Symbols of the Church|last=Dilasser|first=Maurice|year=1999|publisher=Liturgical Press |isbn=978-0-8146-2538-5|url=https://archive.org/details/symbolsofchurch00dila}} * {{cite book |title=The Death of Jesus: Tradition and Interpretation in the Passion Narrative |url=https://archive.org/details/deathofjesustrad0000gree |last=Green |first=Joel B. |year=1988 |publisher=Mohr Siebeck |isbn=3-16-145349-2 }} * {{cite journal |last=Humphreys |first=Colin J. |date=December 1983 |title=Dating the Crucifixion |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_nature-uk_december-22-29-1983_306_5945/page/743 |journal=Nature |volume=306 |issue=5945 |pages=743–746 |doi=10.1038/306743a0 |author2=W. G. Waddington |bibcode=1983Natur.306..743H|s2cid=4360560 }} * {{cite book |title=Archaeology and the New Testament |url=https://archive.org/details/archaeologynewte0000mcra |last=McRay |first=John |year=1991 |publisher=Baker Books |isbn=0-8010-6267-5 }} * {{cite journal |last=Rosenblatt |first=Samuel |date=December 1956 |title=The Crucifixion of Jesus from the Standpoint of Pharisaic Law |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-biblical-literature_1956-12_75_4/page/314 |journal=Journal of Biblical Literature |volume=75 |issue=4 |pages=315–321 |doi=10.2307/3261265 |publisher=The Society of Biblical Literature |jstor=3261265 }} * {{cite book |title=Crucifixion in Antiquity |url=https://archive.org/details/crucifixioninant0000samu |last=Samuelsson |first=Gunnar. |year=2011 |publisher=Mohr Siebeck |isbn=978-3-16-150694-9 }} * {{Rejea kitabu|chapter = The Gospel of Peter |title = New Testament Apocrypha: Gospels and related writings |last1 = Schneemelcher |first1 = Wilhelm |author-link = Wilhelm Schneemelcher |last2 = Maurer |first2 = Christian |editor1-last = Schneemelcher |editor1-first = Wilhelm |editor1-link = Wilhelm Schneemelcher |editor2-last = Wilson |editor2-first = McLachlan |publisher = Westminster John Knox Press |year = 1994 |orig-year = 1991 |volume = 1 |pages = 216–227 |isbn = 978-0-664-22721-0 |chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=TDW0PeFSvGEC&pg=PA220 |access-date = April 25, 2012}} * {{cite book |title=The Crucifixion of Jesus |url=https://archive.org/details/crucifixionofjes0000sloy_l5n0 |last=Sloyan |first=Gerard S. |year=1995 |publisher=Fortress Press |isbn=0-8006-2886-1 }} {{Bikira Maria}} {{mbegu-Ukristo}} [[Jamii:Yesu Kristo]] [[Jamii:Injili]] [[Jamii:Teolojia]] [[Jamii:Rozari]] 76clnnekmocpjweruuq4vqe3pnhw5g7 10 59049 1593596 663676 2026-08-31T01:52:17Z Xqbot 1852 Bot: Fixing double redirect from [[Kigezo:Infobox election]] to [[Kigezo:Jedwali la uchaguzi]] 1593596 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Kigezo:Jedwali la uchaguzi]] 6mut0lpgcd3gkwaxiah7shrqo70lqt4 0 119852 1593599 1461125 2026-08-31T05:10:47Z Nassimdz03 80813 1593599 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person |jina =Abdelmadjid Tebboune |picha =Abdelmadjid Tebboune (2023) (cropped).jpg |maelezo_ya_picha =Abdelmadjid Tebboune |tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa =17 Novemba 1945 |mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = |tarehe_ya_kufariki = |mahala_alipofia = |majina_mengine = |anafahamika kwa = |kazi_yake =Rais teule wa Algeria |nchi =Algeria }} {{Infobox officeholder|name=Abdelmadjid Tebboune<br/>{{small|{{nobold|{{lang|ar|عبد المجيد تبون}}}}}}|image=|office=[[Orodha ya Marais wa Algeria|Rais teule wa Algeria]]|succeeding=[[Abdelkader Bensalah]] (kaimu)|office1=Waziri Mkuu wa Algeria|president1=[[Abdelaziz Bouteflika]]|predecessor1=[[Abdelmalek Sellal]]|successor1=[[Ahmed Ouyahia]]|birth_date={{birth date and age|1945|11|17|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Mécheria]], Algeria|death_date=|death_place=|party=urais aligombea bila chama}} '''Abdelmadjid Tebboune''' (kwa [[Kiarabu]]: عبد المجيد تبون; alizaliwa Mécheria, Algeria, [[17 Novemba]] [[1945]]) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Algeria]] aliyekuwa [[Waziri Mkuu]] wa nchi hiyo kuanzia Mei 2017 hadi Agosti 2017. Kwenye Desemba 2019 alichaguliwa kuwa [[rais]] wa nchi. Hapo awali alikuwa Waziri wa Nyumba kutoka 2001 hadi 2002 na tena kutoka 2012 hadi 2017. Tebboune alihitimu kutoka Chuo cha Kitaifa cha Utawala mnamo [[1965]]. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=Arabic|url=http://www.aljazeera.net/encyclopedia/icons/2017/5/25/%D9%85%D9%86-%D9%87%D9%88-%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D8%AA%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86| title = من هو رئيس الحكومة الجزائرية عبد المجيد تبون؟|publisher=Al Jazeera}}</ref> Tebboune alikuwa Waziri-Mjumbe wa Serikali za Mitaa kuanzia 1991 hadi 1992. Baadaye, chini ya Rais [[Abdelaziz Bouteflika]], alihudumu serikalini kama Waziri wa Mawasiliano na Utamaduni kutoka 1999 hadi 2000 na kisha kama waziri msaidizi wa Serikali ya Mitaa kuanzia 2000 hadi 2001. Alikuwa Waziri wa Nyumba na Mipango wa Miji kutoka 2001 hadi 2002. Miaka kumi baadaye, mnamo 2012, alirudi katika wadhifa wa Waziri wa Nyumba katika serikali ya Waziri Mkuu Abdelmalek Sellal . <ref name="JAfrique_PM_Bouteflika">{{Rejea habari|language=fr| title = Premier ministre d'Abdelaziz Bouteflika ?| date = 2017-05-25|url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/442030/politique/algerie-abdelmadjid-tebboune-nouveau-premier-ministre-dabdelaziz-bouteflika/|accessdate=November 2, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191102204034/https://www.jeuneafrique.com/442030/politique/algerie-abdelmadjid-tebboune-nouveau-premier-ministre-dabdelaziz-bouteflika/|archivedate=November 2, 2019}}</ref> Kufuatia uchaguzi wa bunge wa Mei 2017, Rais Bouteflika alimteua Tebboune kuwa Waziri Mkuu tarehe 24 Mei 2017 lakini aliendelea kwa miezi mitatu pekee. Bouteflika alimfukuza kazi na kumteua Ahmed Ouyahia tarehe 15 Agosti 2017; <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Lamine Chikhi|url=http://af.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idAFKCN1AV24Z| title = Algeria recalls veteran crisis manager Ouyahia as Prime Minister|work=Reuters| date = 15 Agosti 2017|accessdate=2019-12-14|archivedate=2019-12-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212200705/https://af.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idAFKCN1AV24Z}}</ref> Ouyahia alichukua madaraka siku iliyofuata. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.premier-ministre.gov.dz/fr/premier-ministre/activites/pm-ahmed-ouyahia-prend-ses-fonctions.html| title = Le Premier Ministre prend ses fonctions|work=Official website of the Prime Minister of Algeria|language=French| date = 16 Agosti 2017|accessdate=2019-12-14|archive-date=2017-08-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170816191256/http://www.premier-ministre.gov.dz/fr/premier-ministre/activites/pm-ahmed-ouyahia-prend-ses-fonctions.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mnamo Desemba 12, 2019, kufuatia uchaguzi wa rais wa Algeria, Tebboune alichaguliwa kuwa rais, baada ya kupata [[asilimia]] 58 za [[kura]]. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-50782676| title = Algeria election: Ex-PM to replace Bouteflika after boycotted poll|work=BBC| date = 13 Desemba 2019}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Marais wa Aljeria}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1945]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Marais wa Algeria]] 90sf87b0gjshoq7obehnxeteexklhwi 0 119853 1593600 1461132 2026-08-31T05:17:17Z Nassimdz03 80813 /* Wasifu */ 1593600 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Abdelkader Bensalah|predecessor2=Himself as President of the National Transitional Council|serviceyears=|branch=|allegiance=|spouse=|party=[[Democratic National Rally]] (until 2019)|nationality=[[Algeria]]n|birth_place=[[Fellaoucene]], Algeria|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=y|1941|11|24}}|successor2=[[Karim Younes]]|office2=[[List of Presidents of the People's National Assembly (Algeria)|President]] of the [[People's National Assembly]]|honorific-suffix=|successor1=[[Salah Goudjil]] (acting)|predecessor1=Bachir Boumaza|office1=[[List of Presidents of the Council of the Nation (Algeria)|President]] of the [[Council of the Nation]]|successor=[[Abdelmadjid Tebboune]] (elect)|predecessor=[[Abdelaziz Bouteflika]] <small>(President)</small>|primeminister=[[Noureddine Bedoui]]|office=Acting [[List of heads of state of Algeria|Head of state of Algeria]]|caption=Abdelkader Bensalah in 2019.|image=Abdelkader Bensalah 18th Summit of Non-Aligned Movement in Baku (cropped).jpg|battles=}} '''Abdelkader Bensalah''' (amezaliwa [[24 Novemba]] [[1941]]) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Algeria]]. Kuanzia mwaka [[2002]] alikuwa rais wa Baraza la Taifa la Algeria (chumba cha juu cha bunge)<ref name="France 24">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.france24.com/en/20190402-algeria-profile-bouteflika-loyalist-abdelkader-bensalah| title = Algeria's next in line: Bouteflika loyalist Abdelkader Bensalah| date = 2 Aprili 2019|publisher=France 24}}</ref>. Tangu kujiuzulu kwa rais [[Abdelaziz Bouteflika]] mnamo Aprili 2019, Bensalah alikuwa kaimu rais wa nchi<ref>{{Rejea habari |publisher=BBC | title = Algeria protest: Abdelkader Bensalah named interim president| date = 9 Aprili 2019|accessdate=9 April 2019 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-47868262}}</ref> hadi uchaguzi wa rais uliotokea katika Desemba 2019. == Wasifu == Abdelkader Bensalah alizaliwa 24 Novemba 1941 huko Felaoussene, karibu na Tlemcen,<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.majliselouma.dz/index.php/ar/2016-07-19-12-34-56/2016-09-06-13-44-47| title = السيرة الذاتية للسيد عبد القادر بن صالح رئيس مجلس الأمة|website=Site officiel du conseil de la nation|access-date=26 July 2019|archive-date=2019-03-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190326163521/http://www.majliselouma.dz/index.php/ar/2016-07-19-12-34-56/2016-09-06-13-44-47|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.lesoirdalgerie.com/articles/2015/02/28/article.php?sid=175294&cid=2 | title = Nakala iliyohifadhiwa|accessdate=2021-05-29 |archivedate=2019-03-27 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327101633/https://www.lesoirdalgerie.com/articles/2015/02/28/article.php?sid=175294&cid=2 }}</ref> kisha sehemu ya Kifaransa Algeria. Baada ya kufanya kazi [[Beirut]] kuongoza Kituo cha Habari na Utamaduni cha Algeria kutoka 1970 hadi 1974, alirudi Algeria na kufanya kazi kama mwandishi wa habari katika gazeti la serikali "El Chaâb" kwa miaka mitatu, kabla ya kuchaguliwa kuwakilisha mkoa wa [[Tlemcen]] mnamo [[1977]]. Miaka kumi na mbili baadaye, aliteuliwa kuwa Balozi wa [[Saudi Arabia]], nafasi ambayo alishikilia hadi [[1993]].<ref name="Saada">{{Rejea tovuti|website=DZ Breaking|author=Hana Saada| date = 27 Machi 2019|access-date=4 April 2019|url=https://www.dzbreaking.com/2019/03/27/algeria-abdelkader-bensalah-future-head-state/| title = Algeria: Who is Abdelkader Bensalah, the future head of state?|archivedate=2020-11-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127085421/https://www.dzbreaking.com/2019/03/27/algeria-abdelkader-bensalah-future-head-state/}}</ref><ref name=Monde>{{Rejea habari| title = Abdelkader Bensalah, un fidèle de Bouteflika qui va assurer l'intérim en Algérie|newspaper=Le Monde|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2019/04/03/demission-de-bouteflika-en-algerie-qui-est-abdelkader-bensalah-qui-assure-l-interim_5445350_3212.html| date = 4 Aprili 2019|access-date=4 April 2019|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1941]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:marais wa Algeria]] [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Algeria]] qoucfbvwlo7042ap3gwrampos5fxx25 1593601 1593600 2026-08-31T05:17:50Z Nassimdz03 80813 /* Marejeo */ 1593601 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Abdelkader Bensalah|predecessor2=Himself as President of the National Transitional Council|serviceyears=|branch=|allegiance=|spouse=|party=[[Democratic National Rally]] (until 2019)|nationality=[[Algeria]]n|birth_place=[[Fellaoucene]], Algeria|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=y|1941|11|24}}|successor2=[[Karim Younes]]|office2=[[List of Presidents of the People's National Assembly (Algeria)|President]] of the [[People's National Assembly]]|honorific-suffix=|successor1=[[Salah Goudjil]] (acting)|predecessor1=Bachir Boumaza|office1=[[List of Presidents of the Council of the Nation (Algeria)|President]] of the [[Council of the Nation]]|successor=[[Abdelmadjid Tebboune]] (elect)|predecessor=[[Abdelaziz Bouteflika]] <small>(President)</small>|primeminister=[[Noureddine Bedoui]]|office=Acting [[List of heads of state of Algeria|Head of state of Algeria]]|caption=Abdelkader Bensalah in 2019.|image=Abdelkader Bensalah 18th Summit of Non-Aligned Movement in Baku (cropped).jpg|battles=}} '''Abdelkader Bensalah''' (amezaliwa [[24 Novemba]] [[1941]]) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Algeria]]. Kuanzia mwaka [[2002]] alikuwa rais wa Baraza la Taifa la Algeria (chumba cha juu cha bunge)<ref name="France 24">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.france24.com/en/20190402-algeria-profile-bouteflika-loyalist-abdelkader-bensalah| title = Algeria's next in line: Bouteflika loyalist Abdelkader Bensalah| date = 2 Aprili 2019|publisher=France 24}}</ref>. Tangu kujiuzulu kwa rais [[Abdelaziz Bouteflika]] mnamo Aprili 2019, Bensalah alikuwa kaimu rais wa nchi<ref>{{Rejea habari |publisher=BBC | title = Algeria protest: Abdelkader Bensalah named interim president| date = 9 Aprili 2019|accessdate=9 April 2019 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-47868262}}</ref> hadi uchaguzi wa rais uliotokea katika Desemba 2019. == Wasifu == Abdelkader Bensalah alizaliwa 24 Novemba 1941 huko Felaoussene, karibu na Tlemcen,<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.majliselouma.dz/index.php/ar/2016-07-19-12-34-56/2016-09-06-13-44-47| title = السيرة الذاتية للسيد عبد القادر بن صالح رئيس مجلس الأمة|website=Site officiel du conseil de la nation|access-date=26 July 2019|archive-date=2019-03-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190326163521/http://www.majliselouma.dz/index.php/ar/2016-07-19-12-34-56/2016-09-06-13-44-47|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.lesoirdalgerie.com/articles/2015/02/28/article.php?sid=175294&cid=2 | title = Nakala iliyohifadhiwa|accessdate=2021-05-29 |archivedate=2019-03-27 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327101633/https://www.lesoirdalgerie.com/articles/2015/02/28/article.php?sid=175294&cid=2 }}</ref> kisha sehemu ya Kifaransa Algeria. Baada ya kufanya kazi [[Beirut]] kuongoza Kituo cha Habari na Utamaduni cha Algeria kutoka 1970 hadi 1974, alirudi Algeria na kufanya kazi kama mwandishi wa habari katika gazeti la serikali "El Chaâb" kwa miaka mitatu, kabla ya kuchaguliwa kuwakilisha mkoa wa [[Tlemcen]] mnamo [[1977]]. Miaka kumi na mbili baadaye, aliteuliwa kuwa Balozi wa [[Saudi Arabia]], nafasi ambayo alishikilia hadi [[1993]].<ref name="Saada">{{Rejea tovuti|website=DZ Breaking|author=Hana Saada| date = 27 Machi 2019|access-date=4 April 2019|url=https://www.dzbreaking.com/2019/03/27/algeria-abdelkader-bensalah-future-head-state/| title = Algeria: Who is Abdelkader Bensalah, the future head of state?|archivedate=2020-11-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127085421/https://www.dzbreaking.com/2019/03/27/algeria-abdelkader-bensalah-future-head-state/}}</ref><ref name=Monde>{{Rejea habari| title = Abdelkader Bensalah, un fidèle de Bouteflika qui va assurer l'intérim en Algérie|newspaper=Le Monde|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2019/04/03/demission-de-bouteflika-en-algerie-qui-est-abdelkader-bensalah-qui-assure-l-interim_5445350_3212.html| date = 4 Aprili 2019|access-date=4 April 2019|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Marais wa Aljeria}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1941]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:marais wa Algeria]] [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Algeria]] paundn7m6pe2lwfzwlxdiwms8b5wkao 1593607 1593601 2026-08-31T05:36:11Z Nassimdz03 80813 /* Marejeo */ 1593607 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Abdelkader Bensalah|predecessor2=Himself as President of the National Transitional Council|serviceyears=|branch=|allegiance=|spouse=|party=[[Democratic National Rally]] (until 2019)|nationality=[[Algeria]]n|birth_place=[[Fellaoucene]], Algeria|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=y|1941|11|24}}|successor2=[[Karim Younes]]|office2=[[List of Presidents of the People's National Assembly (Algeria)|President]] of the [[People's National Assembly]]|honorific-suffix=|successor1=[[Salah Goudjil]] (acting)|predecessor1=Bachir Boumaza|office1=[[List of Presidents of the Council of the Nation (Algeria)|President]] of the [[Council of the Nation]]|successor=[[Abdelmadjid Tebboune]] (elect)|predecessor=[[Abdelaziz Bouteflika]] <small>(President)</small>|primeminister=[[Noureddine Bedoui]]|office=Acting [[List of heads of state of Algeria|Head of state of Algeria]]|caption=Abdelkader Bensalah in 2019.|image=Abdelkader Bensalah 18th Summit of Non-Aligned Movement in Baku (cropped).jpg|battles=}} '''Abdelkader Bensalah''' (amezaliwa [[24 Novemba]] [[1941]]) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Algeria]]. Kuanzia mwaka [[2002]] alikuwa rais wa Baraza la Taifa la Algeria (chumba cha juu cha bunge)<ref name="France 24">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.france24.com/en/20190402-algeria-profile-bouteflika-loyalist-abdelkader-bensalah| title = Algeria's next in line: Bouteflika loyalist Abdelkader Bensalah| date = 2 Aprili 2019|publisher=France 24}}</ref>. Tangu kujiuzulu kwa rais [[Abdelaziz Bouteflika]] mnamo Aprili 2019, Bensalah alikuwa kaimu rais wa nchi<ref>{{Rejea habari |publisher=BBC | title = Algeria protest: Abdelkader Bensalah named interim president| date = 9 Aprili 2019|accessdate=9 April 2019 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-47868262}}</ref> hadi uchaguzi wa rais uliotokea katika Desemba 2019. == Wasifu == Abdelkader Bensalah alizaliwa 24 Novemba 1941 huko Felaoussene, karibu na Tlemcen,<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.majliselouma.dz/index.php/ar/2016-07-19-12-34-56/2016-09-06-13-44-47| title = السيرة الذاتية للسيد عبد القادر بن صالح رئيس مجلس الأمة|website=Site officiel du conseil de la nation|access-date=26 July 2019|archive-date=2019-03-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190326163521/http://www.majliselouma.dz/index.php/ar/2016-07-19-12-34-56/2016-09-06-13-44-47|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.lesoirdalgerie.com/articles/2015/02/28/article.php?sid=175294&cid=2 | title = Nakala iliyohifadhiwa|accessdate=2021-05-29 |archivedate=2019-03-27 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327101633/https://www.lesoirdalgerie.com/articles/2015/02/28/article.php?sid=175294&cid=2 }}</ref> kisha sehemu ya Kifaransa Algeria. Baada ya kufanya kazi [[Beirut]] kuongoza Kituo cha Habari na Utamaduni cha Algeria kutoka 1970 hadi 1974, alirudi Algeria na kufanya kazi kama mwandishi wa habari katika gazeti la serikali "El Chaâb" kwa miaka mitatu, kabla ya kuchaguliwa kuwakilisha mkoa wa [[Tlemcen]] mnamo [[1977]]. Miaka kumi na mbili baadaye, aliteuliwa kuwa Balozi wa [[Saudi Arabia]], nafasi ambayo alishikilia hadi [[1993]].<ref name="Saada">{{Rejea tovuti|website=DZ Breaking|author=Hana Saada| date = 27 Machi 2019|access-date=4 April 2019|url=https://www.dzbreaking.com/2019/03/27/algeria-abdelkader-bensalah-future-head-state/| title = Algeria: Who is Abdelkader Bensalah, the future head of state?|archivedate=2020-11-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127085421/https://www.dzbreaking.com/2019/03/27/algeria-abdelkader-bensalah-future-head-state/}}</ref><ref name=Monde>{{Rejea habari| title = Abdelkader Bensalah, un fidèle de Bouteflika qui va assurer l'intérim en Algérie|newspaper=Le Monde|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2019/04/03/demission-de-bouteflika-en-algerie-qui-est-abdelkader-bensalah-qui-assure-l-interim_5445350_3212.html| date = 4 Aprili 2019|access-date=4 April 2019|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Marais wa Aljeria}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1941]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2021]] [[Jamii:marais wa Algeria]] [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Algeria]] 8a2nkpu7xhoec8k4oju6hsmbdqwkjdk 0 172187 1593604 1461118 2026-08-31T05:25:38Z Nassimdz03 80813 /* Utumishi na Jeshi la Ufaransa */ 1593604 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person |jina =Ahmed Ben Bella |picha = Président Ahmed Ben Bella (mono).jpg |maelezo_ya_picha =Raisi Ahmed Ben Bella |tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa =26 Desemba 1916 |mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = |tarehe_ya_kufariki =11 Aprili 2012 |mahala_alipofia = |majina_mengine = |anafahamika kwa =mwanasiasa, mwanajeshi]] na mwanamapinduzi wa kisoshalisti wa Algeria |kazi_yake =Mwanasiasa |nchi = Algeria }} '''Ahmed Ben Bella''' ([[26 Desemba]] [[1916]] - [[11 Aprili]] [[2012]]) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]], [[mwanajeshi]] na [[mwanamapinduzi]] wa kisoshalisti wa [[Algeria]] ambaye aliwahi kuwa mkuu wa serikali kuanzia tarehe [[27 Septemba]] [[1962]] hadi [[15 Septemba]] [[1963]] na kisha [[Rais]] wa kwanza wa Algeria kutoka [[15 Septemba]] [[1963]] hadi [[19 Juni]] [[1965]]. ==Maisha Ya Awali== Ahmed Ben Bella alizaliwa tarehe [[26 Desemba]] [[1916]] katika wilaya ya [[Maghnia]]. Wazazi wake walikuwa wahamiaji kutoka [[Moroko|Morocco]]. <ref>{{Rejea habari | date = 2012-04-11| title = Mort de Ben Bella, héros de l'indépendance algérienne|language=fr |work=Le Monde.fr |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/disparitions/article/2012/04/11/ben-bella-heros-de-l-independance-algerienne_1684031_3382.html |access-date=2023-05-01}}</ref> ==Utumishi na Jeshi la Ufaransa== Ben Bella alijitolea kwa mara ya kwanza kutumika katika [[Jeshi]] la [[Ufaransa]] mwaka 1936. Jeshi lilikuwa mojawapo ya njia chache za maendeleo kwa [[Algeria]] chini ya utawala wa kikoloni na uandikishaji wa hiari ulikuwa wa kawaida. Alipotumwa kwenda nchi [[Marseille]], alicheza kiungo wa kati wa klabu ya Olympique de Marseille mnamo 1939-1940. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.om-passion.com/effectif_saison_1939_425_ben-bella.html | title = Ben Bella profile on om-passion, unofficial Olympique de Marseille site|publisher=Om-passion.com |access-date=12 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090209044232/http://www.om-passion.com/effectif_saison_1939_425_ben-bella.html |archive-date=9 February 2009}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} ==Viungo Vya Nje== * [https://www.timelessmyths.com/characters/ahmed-ben-balla/ Wasifu Wa Utawala] {{Wayback|url=https://www.timelessmyths.com/characters/ahmed-ben-balla/ |date=20230616171310 }} {{Marais wa Aljeria}} {{mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Marais wa Algeria]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1916]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2012]] 86ti2ugm6efzbaadi16p26g786fbawg 1593605 1593604 2026-08-31T05:25:57Z Nassimdz03 80813 /* Viungo Vya Nje */ 1593605 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person |jina =Ahmed Ben Bella |picha = Président Ahmed Ben Bella (mono).jpg |maelezo_ya_picha =Raisi Ahmed Ben Bella |tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa =26 Desemba 1916 |mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = |tarehe_ya_kufariki =11 Aprili 2012 |mahala_alipofia = |majina_mengine = |anafahamika kwa =mwanasiasa, mwanajeshi]] na mwanamapinduzi wa kisoshalisti wa Algeria |kazi_yake =Mwanasiasa |nchi = Algeria }} '''Ahmed Ben Bella''' ([[26 Desemba]] [[1916]] - [[11 Aprili]] [[2012]]) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]], [[mwanajeshi]] na [[mwanamapinduzi]] wa kisoshalisti wa [[Algeria]] ambaye aliwahi kuwa mkuu wa serikali kuanzia tarehe [[27 Septemba]] [[1962]] hadi [[15 Septemba]] [[1963]] na kisha [[Rais]] wa kwanza wa Algeria kutoka [[15 Septemba]] [[1963]] hadi [[19 Juni]] [[1965]]. ==Maisha Ya Awali== Ahmed Ben Bella alizaliwa tarehe [[26 Desemba]] [[1916]] katika wilaya ya [[Maghnia]]. Wazazi wake walikuwa wahamiaji kutoka [[Moroko|Morocco]]. <ref>{{Rejea habari | date = 2012-04-11| title = Mort de Ben Bella, héros de l'indépendance algérienne|language=fr |work=Le Monde.fr |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/disparitions/article/2012/04/11/ben-bella-heros-de-l-independance-algerienne_1684031_3382.html |access-date=2023-05-01}}</ref> ==Utumishi na Jeshi la Ufaransa== Ben Bella alijitolea kwa mara ya kwanza kutumika katika [[Jeshi]] la [[Ufaransa]] mwaka 1936. Jeshi lilikuwa mojawapo ya njia chache za maendeleo kwa [[Algeria]] chini ya utawala wa kikoloni na uandikishaji wa hiari ulikuwa wa kawaida. Alipotumwa kwenda nchi [[Marseille]], alicheza kiungo wa kati wa klabu ya Olympique de Marseille mnamo 1939-1940. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.om-passion.com/effectif_saison_1939_425_ben-bella.html | title = Ben Bella profile on om-passion, unofficial Olympique de Marseille site|publisher=Om-passion.com |access-date=12 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090209044232/http://www.om-passion.com/effectif_saison_1939_425_ben-bella.html |archive-date=9 February 2009}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} ==Viungo Vya Nje== * [https://www.timelessmyths.com/characters/ahmed-ben-balla/ Wasifu Wa Utawala] {{Wayback|url=https://www.timelessmyths.com/characters/ahmed-ben-balla/ |date=20230616171310 }} {{mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{Marais wa Aljeria}} [[Jamii:Marais wa Algeria]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1916]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2012]] lxlx6f3zclk9pyo1m43okyv3bsjixhv 3 190990 1593648 1592584 2026-08-31T09:47:59Z Hussein m mmbaga 52054 /* Kupitia masahihisho */ Jibu 1593648 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Karibu}} '''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 09:47, 19 Novemba 2024 (UTC) == Masahihisho Katika makala == Habari ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] na kupongeza kwa kujitahidi kuhariri katika wikipedia yetu ya kiswahili, Nasisitiza kupitia masahihisho yanayofanywa na wakaguzi kwenye makala zako ili kuepuka kurudia makosa yaleyale kila mara. Amani kwako '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 08:57, 21 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :Asante, ndugu Justine Msechu naomba msaada wakunielewesha zaidi juu ya hayo masahihisho ili niweze kutungeneza makala bora zaidi.Amani kwako '''[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Christina Charles#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:53, 21 Novemba 2024 (UTC) ::Ukienda kwenye makala husika Uliyoianzisha upande wa kulia juu kuna mahali pameandikwa <big>View history </big>apo utaona ni watu wangambi wamerekebisha makala yako na ni nini hasa wamebadilisha chukulia mfano link hii (https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kyle_Porter&action=history) '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 13:25, 21 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :::Ndugu naona bado unarudia makosa yaleyale, embu fwatilia masahihisho yanayofanywa ilikujifunza zaidi, ama kama bado kunakitu uelewi wasiliana nami kupitia barua pepe yangu ili tuelekezane zaidi. Amani kwako '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 09:05, 23 Novemba 2024 (UTC) ::::Shida bado ileile. Angalia masahihisho tunayolazimisha kukufanyia. Kwa nini usiweke mabano unapoweka tarehe ya kuzaliwa mwanzoni? Kwa nini uache tarehe nje ya mwezi wake? Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 15:06, 24 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :::::Kwa kuwa husikii wala kujibu, nakuzuia kwa siku 1 kwanza. Ni kama unafanya makosa kwa makusudi ili kutusumbua sisi kuyasahihisha. Unapoweka siku ya mwezi katika mabano kiungo kinaleta mwaka! Kwa mfano 26 Julai, inasoma 26 ni mwaka 26 BK. Jaribu kuona. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 07:36, 27 Novemba 2024 (UTC) ::::::Habari, Samahani kwa kurudia makosa kwa kutokuelewa kwangu mimi ni mgeni katika kuhariri makala ninajitahidi kujirekebisha naomba kuondolewa zuio nililo wekewa . Asante '''[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Christina Charles#top|majadiliano]])''' 15:28, 28 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :::::::Mbona zuio lilikuwa la siku moja tu? Uko huru kuendelea na uchangiaji, tena tunakushukuru. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 07:07, 29 Novemba 2024 (UTC) ::::::::Asante nashukuru '''[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Christina Charles#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:00, 29 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :::::::::Naona maendeleo, ila wanaume usiwaweke katika jamii ya wachezaji wanawake! Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:59, 2 Desemba 2024 (UTC) ::::::::::Wanamuziki kawaida si wachezaji mpira! Usiwawekee kigezo:mbegu-cheza-mpira ila kigezo:mbegu-mwanamuziki. Vilevile katika jamii. Pia uelewe kigezo <nowiki>{{BD}}</nowiki>. Ni hivi: <nowiki>{{BD|Mwaka wa kuzaliwa, yaani, 1958|usiweke kitu - ila kama mtu kafa weka mwaka aliokufa, yaani, 2009}}</nowiki> Chumba cha kwanza mwaka wa kuzaliwa tu Chumba cha pili mwaka aliokufa ANGALIZO Usiweke jamii yoyote kama vile: "waliozaliwa", "waliofariki", na "watu walio hai". Ukiweka <nowiki>{{BD|1950|}}</nowiki> - katika jamii itataja "waliozaliwa 1950" na "watu walio hai". <nowiki>{{BD|1950|2012}}</nowiki> - katika jamii itataja "waliozaliwa 1950" na "waliofariki 2012". Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:29, 5 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :habari ndugu hongera na uandishi kuwa makina punguza mwendo kuna makala hujaandika kitu ndani na umechapicha bila kitu [[Bruce Cockburn]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|Hussein m mmbaga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|majadiliano]])''' 07:25, 12 Desemba 2024 (UTC) ::asante kwa kurekebisha '''[[Mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|Hussein m mmbaga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|majadiliano]])''' 08:07, 12 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :::Pongezi kwa kwenda kasi na kwa kukwepa makosa ya awali, ila bado kuna hatua nyingine: kwa mfano kuacha Kiingereza katika kichwa cha makala (singer, musicians, n.k.). Kweli hujui kutafsiri maneno hayo? Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 07:19, 13 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == Ukurasa wa mtumiaji == Mpendwa Christina, Inashauriwa kuunda ukurasa wa mtumiaji ili kufahamiana zaidi. Karibu sana na pongezi kwa kazi nyingi. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 05:43, 11 Januari 2025 (UTC) == [[Bonnie Zimmerman]] == Ni kheri ungeendelea na makala zako fupifupi zinakuwa hazina kokoro. Kitendo cha kuandika full length article with that kind of uharibifu kwa kweli it's completely unacceptable. Usitumie mashine kwa makala ndefu inaleta mkanganyiko mkubwa wa kisarufi. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 07:53, 22 Machi 2025 (UTC) == Makala fupi sana zisizo onyesha umuhimu == Mpendwa Christina, Inashauriwa kuandika makala ndefu kidogo zinazo onyesha maana ya ulichokiandika au umuhumu acha kuandika makala fupi, sio bora. Amani kwako '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 15:57, 17 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Jihae Kim == Hi Christina, you have created the article [[Jihae]]. You give her year of birth as 1974 with an archived Variety article from Wayback Machine ([https://web.archive.org/web/20180714170032/https://variety.com/2016/tv/features/singer-multimedia-artist-jihae-mars-1201907376/ here]) as the source. However it seems that this article from 2016 has never mentioned her date of birth and gave her age at the time as 27, supporting her current claim to have been born in 1989. I ''do know'' that 1974 is her correct date of birth - but do you maybe know another, citable source for this, please? --'''[[Mtumiaji:KnightMove|KnightMove]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:KnightMove|majadiliano]])''' 19:50, 1 Septemba 2025 (UTC) ==Mwanasiasa== Dada, mtu anaweza kuwa mwanasiasa, si siasa! Usibadilishe vigezo ovyo, tafadhali! Amani kwako. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 14:21, 18 Septemba 2025 (UTC) :Habari , samahani sijaelewa '''[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Christina Charles#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:36, 18 Septemba 2025 (UTC) ::Yaani katika makala juu ya mtu fulani uliweka kigezo:mbegu-siasa. Nilikisahihisha kwa kuandika kigezo:mbegu-mwanasiasa. Kumbe ukakirudisha kuwa kigezo:mbegu-siasa. Labda hukutambua ulichofanya. Lakini unaendelea kutunga makala za watu kwa kuweka chini kigezo:mbegu-siasa. Sahihi ni kigezo:mbegu-mwanasiasa. Tena, kama ni Mtanzania ni afadhali uweke kigezo:mbegu-mwanasiasa-Tanzania, ni kama ni Mkenya uweke kigezo:mbegu-mwanasiasa-Kenya mradi tuna vigezo vya pekee vilivyoboreshwa jana. Endelea na juhudi zako, tafadhali. Kwa jumla unakwenda vizuri. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:21, 19 Septemba 2025 (UTC) :::Kwa kweli anahitaji pongezi kwa juhudi. '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 12:29, 19 Septemba 2025 (UTC) :::Habari, asante kwakunielewesha sikuwa nimeelewa masahihisho ila ulivyonijuza ndipo nikakagua nakutambua wapi nilipokosea... Asante na .Samahani sana . '''[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Christina Charles#top|majadiliano]])''' 16:54, 20 Septemba 2025 (UTC) == Tuzo - Kuanzisha Makala mpya == [[Image:Original Barnstar Hires.png|100px|right]] Ninakukabidhi '''Tuzo ya Uhariri ya Wikipedia''' kwa juhudi zako za kuanzisha makala mpya! '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 12:32, 19 Septemba 2025 (UTC) :Habari, Asante yakushukuru. '''[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Christina Charles#top|majadiliano]])''' 16:49, 20 Septemba 2025 (UTC) ==Mbegu== Dada, hongera sana kwa maendeleo yako. Hata hivyo usichoke kujifunza zaidi, hasa kwa kupitia mabadiliko ya makala zako mpya tunayoyafanya. Kwa mfano, ni vizuri unapoweka <nowiki>{{mbegu-mwanasiasa}}</nowiki> kwa Mkenya uiongeze na kuandika <nowiki>{{mbegu-mwanasiasa-Kenya}}</nowiki>. Ni vilevile kwa Mtanzania. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:04, 27 Februari 2026 (UTC) :Habari,Asante kushukuru ... Nikutakie kazi njema na siku njema Amani Itawale '''[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Christina Charles#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:39, 27 Februari 2026 (UTC) ::Dada, tafadhali tumia tahajia Moroko badala ya Morocco. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:19, 28 Machi 2026 (UTC) :::Habari,samahani kiongozi unazungumzia nibadili kwenye makala nzima au. '''[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Christina Charles#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:24, 28 Machi 2026 (UTC) ::::Yaani tahajia ya Kiswahili ni Moroko, ya Kiingereza ni Morocco. Katika jamii unatumia Moroko, lakini katika makala yenyewe umetumia mara nyingi Morocco. Sasa kwenda kubadilisha katika makala zote ni kazi kubwa. Ndiyo sababu nimekushtua. Asante kwa ushirikiano! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 14:50, 28 Machi 2026 (UTC) :::::asante nashukuru, Nafurahi sana pale unaponirekebisha. Nisamehe na pia usinichoke maana ndio nayidi kujifunza taratibu. '''[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Christina Charles#top|majadiliano]])''' 15:04, 28 Machi 2026 (UTC) ::::::habari , samahani nimerekebisha '''[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Christina Charles#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:44, 29 Machi 2026 (UTC) ==Jamii== Dada, unapoweka jamii uwe makini zaidi. Watu wote wa Kanada unawawekea <nowiki>[[jamii:Waimbaji wa Kanada]]</nowiki>... Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:25, 10 Agosti 2026 (UTC) :Hujasoma hayo? Mbona unaendelea kuita waimbaji watu wasio na sifa hiyo? Natarajia utarekebisha makala zako za karibuni kuhusu watu wa Kanada. Asante. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 11:17, 10 Agosti 2026 (UTC) :Habari, samahani sijaelewa naiwekaje ikiwa hivyo '''[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Christina Charles#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:07, 10 Agosti 2026 (UTC) ::sawa samahani pia nimepitea ulizosahihisha nikapata mwangaza wa unachonielekeza '''[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Christina Charles#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:22, 10 Agosti 2026 (UTC) ==Kupitia masahihisho== Dada, pamoja na kuendelea kwa bidii, naomba upitie masahihisho yangu: mambo mengi ni yaleyale: kwa mfano, unaweka "amezaliwa" kwa mtu aliyekwishakufa! Pia French Canadian maana yake ni Mkanada anayetumia Kifaransa, si mtu wa Ufaransa na Kanada. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:35, 19 Agosti 2026 (UTC) :Tafadhali, dada, usinipotezee muda mwingi kurekebisha yaleyale... Angalia masahihisho ya makala zako ili ujifunze zaidi, la sivyo itanibidi kukusimamisha kidogo kwanza. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 14:32, 27 Agosti 2026 (UTC) ::Habari, Pole nna hongera kwa kazi. samahani najitahidi kuwa makini kiongozi wangu na kujikagua dah nisamehe tu kiongozi... nisamehe mimi maana sijuii hata kwanini nisamehe mimi '''[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Christina Charles#top|majadiliano]])''' 16:30, 27 Agosti 2026 (UTC) :::Pole kwa kutoelewa. Nilitoa mfano mmoja hapo juu: ukisema "fulani amezaliwa" maana yake bado yu hai. Sahihi ni kusema "alizaliwa". Lakini mwanzoni, karibu na jina, tunapoweka mabano hatuandiki kwamba alizaliwa na alifariki, ila tunaweza tarehe zake tu. Halafu baada ya tarehe hatuwezi mkato kabla ya mwaka. Pia pengine katika jamii unaweza "mwigizaji filamu wa Kanada", kumbe alizaliwa huko, lakini makala inasema ni raia wa Uingereza au Marekani... Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 08:12, 28 Agosti 2026 (UTC) ::::habari. Hongera na poule na kazi, asante na samahani mimi nilijua ni kwenye marejeo kumbe ni kenye kuandika makala mwanzo kabisa. ::::hi bado sijaelewa [["mwigizaji filamu wa Kanada", kumbe alizaliwa huko, lakini makala inasema ni raia wa Uingereza au Marekani...]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Christina Charles#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:13, 28 Agosti 2026 (UTC) :::::Usiogope: kuuliza si ujinga! Umetengeneza kurasa nyingi kuhusu watu wa Kanada, lakini baadhi yao hawakuwa raia wa nchi hiyo, labda walizaliwa huko au walifanya kazi huko. Basi, katika jamii uandike nchi za uraia wao. Pia mara nyingine uliandika katika jamii kwamba ni mwigizaji filamu, kumbe ni mwanamuziki. Kazi njema na amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 09:45, 28 Agosti 2026 (UTC) ::::::sawa naomba niendelee kuandika nikirekebisha. nisamehe na usinichokee '''[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Christina Charles#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:05, 28 Agosti 2026 (UTC) :::::::Habari ndugu hongera na pole nimekusaidia kurekebisha makala uliyo anzisha [[Georgie Collins]] na umeandika kifupi sana na umetaja tu tarehe yakuzaliwa na mahali anapoishi pamoja na kazi hata sentensi haieleweki unapochagua kuanzisha makala jitahidi kuandika kitu msomaji mwingine akisoma aweze kuelewa , amani kwako '''[[Mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|Hussein m mmbaga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|majadiliano]])''' 09:47, 31 Agosti 2026 (UTC) tgvbxnilt80qxm3chw9qmw71k0ds5tc 1593667 1593648 2026-08-31T09:59:20Z Christina Charles 71406 /* Kupitia masahihisho */ Jibu 1593667 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Karibu}} '''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 09:47, 19 Novemba 2024 (UTC) == Masahihisho Katika makala == Habari ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] na kupongeza kwa kujitahidi kuhariri katika wikipedia yetu ya kiswahili, Nasisitiza kupitia masahihisho yanayofanywa na wakaguzi kwenye makala zako ili kuepuka kurudia makosa yaleyale kila mara. Amani kwako '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 08:57, 21 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :Asante, ndugu Justine Msechu naomba msaada wakunielewesha zaidi juu ya hayo masahihisho ili niweze kutungeneza makala bora zaidi.Amani kwako '''[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Christina Charles#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:53, 21 Novemba 2024 (UTC) ::Ukienda kwenye makala husika Uliyoianzisha upande wa kulia juu kuna mahali pameandikwa <big>View history </big>apo utaona ni watu wangambi wamerekebisha makala yako na ni nini hasa wamebadilisha chukulia mfano link hii (https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kyle_Porter&action=history) '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 13:25, 21 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :::Ndugu naona bado unarudia makosa yaleyale, embu fwatilia masahihisho yanayofanywa ilikujifunza zaidi, ama kama bado kunakitu uelewi wasiliana nami kupitia barua pepe yangu ili tuelekezane zaidi. Amani kwako '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 09:05, 23 Novemba 2024 (UTC) ::::Shida bado ileile. Angalia masahihisho tunayolazimisha kukufanyia. Kwa nini usiweke mabano unapoweka tarehe ya kuzaliwa mwanzoni? Kwa nini uache tarehe nje ya mwezi wake? Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 15:06, 24 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :::::Kwa kuwa husikii wala kujibu, nakuzuia kwa siku 1 kwanza. Ni kama unafanya makosa kwa makusudi ili kutusumbua sisi kuyasahihisha. Unapoweka siku ya mwezi katika mabano kiungo kinaleta mwaka! Kwa mfano 26 Julai, inasoma 26 ni mwaka 26 BK. Jaribu kuona. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 07:36, 27 Novemba 2024 (UTC) ::::::Habari, Samahani kwa kurudia makosa kwa kutokuelewa kwangu mimi ni mgeni katika kuhariri makala ninajitahidi kujirekebisha naomba kuondolewa zuio nililo wekewa . Asante '''[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Christina Charles#top|majadiliano]])''' 15:28, 28 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :::::::Mbona zuio lilikuwa la siku moja tu? Uko huru kuendelea na uchangiaji, tena tunakushukuru. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 07:07, 29 Novemba 2024 (UTC) ::::::::Asante nashukuru '''[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Christina Charles#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:00, 29 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :::::::::Naona maendeleo, ila wanaume usiwaweke katika jamii ya wachezaji wanawake! Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:59, 2 Desemba 2024 (UTC) ::::::::::Wanamuziki kawaida si wachezaji mpira! Usiwawekee kigezo:mbegu-cheza-mpira ila kigezo:mbegu-mwanamuziki. Vilevile katika jamii. Pia uelewe kigezo <nowiki>{{BD}}</nowiki>. Ni hivi: <nowiki>{{BD|Mwaka wa kuzaliwa, yaani, 1958|usiweke kitu - ila kama mtu kafa weka mwaka aliokufa, yaani, 2009}}</nowiki> Chumba cha kwanza mwaka wa kuzaliwa tu Chumba cha pili mwaka aliokufa ANGALIZO Usiweke jamii yoyote kama vile: "waliozaliwa", "waliofariki", na "watu walio hai". Ukiweka <nowiki>{{BD|1950|}}</nowiki> - katika jamii itataja "waliozaliwa 1950" na "watu walio hai". <nowiki>{{BD|1950|2012}}</nowiki> - katika jamii itataja "waliozaliwa 1950" na "waliofariki 2012". Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:29, 5 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :habari ndugu hongera na uandishi kuwa makina punguza mwendo kuna makala hujaandika kitu ndani na umechapicha bila kitu [[Bruce Cockburn]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|Hussein m mmbaga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|majadiliano]])''' 07:25, 12 Desemba 2024 (UTC) ::asante kwa kurekebisha '''[[Mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|Hussein m mmbaga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|majadiliano]])''' 08:07, 12 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :::Pongezi kwa kwenda kasi na kwa kukwepa makosa ya awali, ila bado kuna hatua nyingine: kwa mfano kuacha Kiingereza katika kichwa cha makala (singer, musicians, n.k.). Kweli hujui kutafsiri maneno hayo? Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 07:19, 13 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == Ukurasa wa mtumiaji == Mpendwa Christina, Inashauriwa kuunda ukurasa wa mtumiaji ili kufahamiana zaidi. Karibu sana na pongezi kwa kazi nyingi. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 05:43, 11 Januari 2025 (UTC) == [[Bonnie Zimmerman]] == Ni kheri ungeendelea na makala zako fupifupi zinakuwa hazina kokoro. Kitendo cha kuandika full length article with that kind of uharibifu kwa kweli it's completely unacceptable. Usitumie mashine kwa makala ndefu inaleta mkanganyiko mkubwa wa kisarufi. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 07:53, 22 Machi 2025 (UTC) == Makala fupi sana zisizo onyesha umuhimu == Mpendwa Christina, Inashauriwa kuandika makala ndefu kidogo zinazo onyesha maana ya ulichokiandika au umuhumu acha kuandika makala fupi, sio bora. Amani kwako '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 15:57, 17 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Jihae Kim == Hi Christina, you have created the article [[Jihae]]. You give her year of birth as 1974 with an archived Variety article from Wayback Machine ([https://web.archive.org/web/20180714170032/https://variety.com/2016/tv/features/singer-multimedia-artist-jihae-mars-1201907376/ here]) as the source. However it seems that this article from 2016 has never mentioned her date of birth and gave her age at the time as 27, supporting her current claim to have been born in 1989. I ''do know'' that 1974 is her correct date of birth - but do you maybe know another, citable source for this, please? --'''[[Mtumiaji:KnightMove|KnightMove]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:KnightMove|majadiliano]])''' 19:50, 1 Septemba 2025 (UTC) ==Mwanasiasa== Dada, mtu anaweza kuwa mwanasiasa, si siasa! Usibadilishe vigezo ovyo, tafadhali! Amani kwako. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 14:21, 18 Septemba 2025 (UTC) :Habari , samahani sijaelewa '''[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Christina Charles#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:36, 18 Septemba 2025 (UTC) ::Yaani katika makala juu ya mtu fulani uliweka kigezo:mbegu-siasa. Nilikisahihisha kwa kuandika kigezo:mbegu-mwanasiasa. Kumbe ukakirudisha kuwa kigezo:mbegu-siasa. Labda hukutambua ulichofanya. Lakini unaendelea kutunga makala za watu kwa kuweka chini kigezo:mbegu-siasa. Sahihi ni kigezo:mbegu-mwanasiasa. Tena, kama ni Mtanzania ni afadhali uweke kigezo:mbegu-mwanasiasa-Tanzania, ni kama ni Mkenya uweke kigezo:mbegu-mwanasiasa-Kenya mradi tuna vigezo vya pekee vilivyoboreshwa jana. Endelea na juhudi zako, tafadhali. Kwa jumla unakwenda vizuri. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:21, 19 Septemba 2025 (UTC) :::Kwa kweli anahitaji pongezi kwa juhudi. '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 12:29, 19 Septemba 2025 (UTC) :::Habari, asante kwakunielewesha sikuwa nimeelewa masahihisho ila ulivyonijuza ndipo nikakagua nakutambua wapi nilipokosea... Asante na .Samahani sana . '''[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Christina Charles#top|majadiliano]])''' 16:54, 20 Septemba 2025 (UTC) == Tuzo - Kuanzisha Makala mpya == [[Image:Original Barnstar Hires.png|100px|right]] Ninakukabidhi '''Tuzo ya Uhariri ya Wikipedia''' kwa juhudi zako za kuanzisha makala mpya! '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 12:32, 19 Septemba 2025 (UTC) :Habari, Asante yakushukuru. '''[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Christina Charles#top|majadiliano]])''' 16:49, 20 Septemba 2025 (UTC) ==Mbegu== Dada, hongera sana kwa maendeleo yako. Hata hivyo usichoke kujifunza zaidi, hasa kwa kupitia mabadiliko ya makala zako mpya tunayoyafanya. Kwa mfano, ni vizuri unapoweka <nowiki>{{mbegu-mwanasiasa}}</nowiki> kwa Mkenya uiongeze na kuandika <nowiki>{{mbegu-mwanasiasa-Kenya}}</nowiki>. Ni vilevile kwa Mtanzania. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:04, 27 Februari 2026 (UTC) :Habari,Asante kushukuru ... Nikutakie kazi njema na siku njema Amani Itawale '''[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Christina Charles#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:39, 27 Februari 2026 (UTC) ::Dada, tafadhali tumia tahajia Moroko badala ya Morocco. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:19, 28 Machi 2026 (UTC) :::Habari,samahani kiongozi unazungumzia nibadili kwenye makala nzima au. '''[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Christina Charles#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:24, 28 Machi 2026 (UTC) ::::Yaani tahajia ya Kiswahili ni Moroko, ya Kiingereza ni Morocco. Katika jamii unatumia Moroko, lakini katika makala yenyewe umetumia mara nyingi Morocco. Sasa kwenda kubadilisha katika makala zote ni kazi kubwa. Ndiyo sababu nimekushtua. Asante kwa ushirikiano! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 14:50, 28 Machi 2026 (UTC) :::::asante nashukuru, Nafurahi sana pale unaponirekebisha. Nisamehe na pia usinichoke maana ndio nayidi kujifunza taratibu. '''[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Christina Charles#top|majadiliano]])''' 15:04, 28 Machi 2026 (UTC) ::::::habari , samahani nimerekebisha '''[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Christina Charles#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:44, 29 Machi 2026 (UTC) ==Jamii== Dada, unapoweka jamii uwe makini zaidi. Watu wote wa Kanada unawawekea <nowiki>[[jamii:Waimbaji wa Kanada]]</nowiki>... Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:25, 10 Agosti 2026 (UTC) :Hujasoma hayo? Mbona unaendelea kuita waimbaji watu wasio na sifa hiyo? Natarajia utarekebisha makala zako za karibuni kuhusu watu wa Kanada. Asante. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 11:17, 10 Agosti 2026 (UTC) :Habari, samahani sijaelewa naiwekaje ikiwa hivyo '''[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Christina Charles#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:07, 10 Agosti 2026 (UTC) ::sawa samahani pia nimepitea ulizosahihisha nikapata mwangaza wa unachonielekeza '''[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Christina Charles#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:22, 10 Agosti 2026 (UTC) ==Kupitia masahihisho== Dada, pamoja na kuendelea kwa bidii, naomba upitie masahihisho yangu: mambo mengi ni yaleyale: kwa mfano, unaweka "amezaliwa" kwa mtu aliyekwishakufa! Pia French Canadian maana yake ni Mkanada anayetumia Kifaransa, si mtu wa Ufaransa na Kanada. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:35, 19 Agosti 2026 (UTC) :Tafadhali, dada, usinipotezee muda mwingi kurekebisha yaleyale... Angalia masahihisho ya makala zako ili ujifunze zaidi, la sivyo itanibidi kukusimamisha kidogo kwanza. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 14:32, 27 Agosti 2026 (UTC) ::Habari, Pole nna hongera kwa kazi. samahani najitahidi kuwa makini kiongozi wangu na kujikagua dah nisamehe tu kiongozi... nisamehe mimi maana sijuii hata kwanini nisamehe mimi '''[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Christina Charles#top|majadiliano]])''' 16:30, 27 Agosti 2026 (UTC) :::Pole kwa kutoelewa. Nilitoa mfano mmoja hapo juu: ukisema "fulani amezaliwa" maana yake bado yu hai. Sahihi ni kusema "alizaliwa". Lakini mwanzoni, karibu na jina, tunapoweka mabano hatuandiki kwamba alizaliwa na alifariki, ila tunaweza tarehe zake tu. Halafu baada ya tarehe hatuwezi mkato kabla ya mwaka. Pia pengine katika jamii unaweza "mwigizaji filamu wa Kanada", kumbe alizaliwa huko, lakini makala inasema ni raia wa Uingereza au Marekani... Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 08:12, 28 Agosti 2026 (UTC) ::::habari. Hongera na poule na kazi, asante na samahani mimi nilijua ni kwenye marejeo kumbe ni kenye kuandika makala mwanzo kabisa. ::::hi bado sijaelewa [["mwigizaji filamu wa Kanada", kumbe alizaliwa huko, lakini makala inasema ni raia wa Uingereza au Marekani...]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Christina Charles#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:13, 28 Agosti 2026 (UTC) :::::Usiogope: kuuliza si ujinga! Umetengeneza kurasa nyingi kuhusu watu wa Kanada, lakini baadhi yao hawakuwa raia wa nchi hiyo, labda walizaliwa huko au walifanya kazi huko. Basi, katika jamii uandike nchi za uraia wao. Pia mara nyingine uliandika katika jamii kwamba ni mwigizaji filamu, kumbe ni mwanamuziki. Kazi njema na amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 09:45, 28 Agosti 2026 (UTC) ::::::sawa naomba niendelee kuandika nikirekebisha. nisamehe na usinichokee '''[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Christina Charles#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:05, 28 Agosti 2026 (UTC) :::::::Habari ndugu hongera na pole nimekusaidia kurekebisha makala uliyo anzisha [[Georgie Collins]] na umeandika kifupi sana na umetaja tu tarehe yakuzaliwa na mahali anapoishi pamoja na kazi hata sentensi haieleweki unapochagua kuanzisha makala jitahidi kuandika kitu msomaji mwingine akisoma aweze kuelewa , amani kwako '''[[Mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|Hussein m mmbaga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|majadiliano]])''' 09:47, 31 Agosti 2026 (UTC) ::::::::asante kushukuru '''[[Mtumiaji:Christina Charles|Christina Charles]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Christina Charles#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:59, 31 Agosti 2026 (UTC) 9mjqidz2j1ccw3en0txmvrdxfmjrf9z 4 208508 1593578 1593452 2026-08-30T16:24:38Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column 1593578 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-08-30) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 64 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 72 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 27 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-08-30)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 417 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 495 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2694 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 175 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 585 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1224 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 322 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 151 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 256 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 237 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 421 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 338 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 189 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 6.52 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 267 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.93 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 289 |- | [[Norwei]] | 5.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 339 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 211 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 169 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 205 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 193 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 230 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 211 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 299 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 199 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 164 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 178 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 3.72 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Nepal]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 308 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 120 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 91 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Nchi iliyoendelea]] | 2.27 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 164 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Utoaji mimba nchini Uganda]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Jiko la ardhini]] | 1.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 2 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Alfonse Owiny-Dollo]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 174 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 35016 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 17713 || ↓ -21.0% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 201.2 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 101.8 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2523 || ↑ +3.7% |- | 2 || [[Marekani]] || 585 || ↓ -36.6% |- | 3 || [[Kenya]] || 495 || ↓ -10.6% |- | 4 || [[Urusi]] || 421 || ↓ -3.9% |- | 5 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 400 || ↓ -14.3% |- | 6 || [[Rwanda]] || 339 || ↑ +59.9% |- | 7 || [[Burundi]] || 338 || ↓ -10.8% |- | 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 322 || ↓ -13.9% |- | 9 || [[Nepal]] || 308 || ↑ +541.7% |- | 10 || [[Uturuki]] || 299 || ↓ -3.9% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 571 || 42.6% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 361 || 27.0% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 137 || 10.2% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 114 || 8.5% |- | 5 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 7 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 10 || 0.7% |- | 8 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:Kisare|Kisare]] || 6 || 0.4% |- | 10 || [[User:CSGinger14|CSGinger14]] || 6 || 0.4% |- |} p4kw0f0jvritm2je7puj60sbbiapabu 1593579 1593578 2026-08-30T16:29:05Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Sasisha Takwimu za mradi 1593579 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-08-30) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 64 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 72 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 27 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-08-30)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 417 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 495 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2694 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 175 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 585 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1224 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 322 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 151 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 256 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 237 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 421 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 338 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 189 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 6.52 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 267 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.93 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 289 |- | [[Norwei]] | 5.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 339 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 211 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 169 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 205 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 193 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 230 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 211 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 299 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 199 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 164 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 178 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 3.72 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Nepal]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 308 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 120 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 91 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Nchi iliyoendelea]] | 2.27 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 164 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Utoaji mimba nchini Uganda]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Jiko la ardhini]] | 1.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 2 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Alfonse Owiny-Dollo]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 174 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 35018 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 17713 || ↓ -21.0% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 201.3 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 101.8 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2523 || ↑ +3.7% |- | 2 || [[Marekani]] || 585 || ↓ -36.6% |- | 3 || [[Kenya]] || 495 || ↓ -10.6% |- | 4 || [[Urusi]] || 421 || ↓ -3.9% |- | 5 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 400 || ↓ -14.3% |- | 6 || [[Rwanda]] || 339 || ↑ +59.9% |- | 7 || [[Burundi]] || 338 || ↓ -10.8% |- | 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 322 || ↓ -13.9% |- | 9 || [[Nepal]] || 308 || ↑ +541.7% |- | 10 || [[Uturuki]] || 299 || ↓ -3.9% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 573 || 42.7% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 361 || 26.9% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 137 || 10.2% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 114 || 8.5% |- | 5 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 7 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 10 || 0.7% |- | 8 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:Kisare|Kisare]] || 6 || 0.4% |- | 10 || [[User:CSGinger14|CSGinger14]] || 6 || 0.4% |- |} roix8bv5chy5y2xvca7107anb46917f 1593593 1593579 2026-08-30T20:49:55Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column 1593593 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-08-30) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 64 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 72 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 27 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-08-30)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 417 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 495 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2694 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 175 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 585 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1224 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 322 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 151 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 256 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 237 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 421 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 338 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 189 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 6.52 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 267 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.93 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 289 |- | [[Norwei]] | 5.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 339 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 211 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 169 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 205 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 193 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 230 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 211 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 299 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 199 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 164 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 178 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 3.72 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Nepal]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 308 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 120 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 91 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Nchi iliyoendelea]] | 2.27 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 164 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Utoaji mimba nchini Uganda]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Jiko la ardhini]] | 1.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 2 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Alfonse Owiny-Dollo]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 174 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 35018 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 17713 || ↓ -21.0% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 201.3 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 101.8 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2523 || ↑ +3.7% |- | 2 || [[Marekani]] || 585 || ↓ -36.6% |- | 3 || [[Kenya]] || 495 || ↓ -10.6% |- | 4 || [[Urusi]] || 421 || ↓ -3.9% |- | 5 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 400 || ↓ -14.3% |- | 6 || [[Rwanda]] || 339 || ↑ +59.9% |- | 7 || [[Burundi]] || 338 || ↓ -10.8% |- | 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 322 || ↓ -13.9% |- | 9 || [[Nepal]] || 308 || ↑ +541.7% |- | 10 || [[Uturuki]] || 299 || ↓ -3.9% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 573 || 42.7% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 361 || 26.9% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 137 || 10.2% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 114 || 8.5% |- | 5 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 7 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 10 || 0.7% |- | 8 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:Kisare|Kisare]] || 6 || 0.4% |- | 10 || [[User:CSGinger14|CSGinger14]] || 6 || 0.4% |- |} azw7ba8jimy4uwisvb7crdzkwq6501l 1593594 1593593 2026-08-30T20:52:12Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Sasisha Takwimu za mradi 1593594 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-08-30) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 64 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 72 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 27 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-08-30)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 417 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 495 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2694 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 175 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 585 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1224 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 322 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 151 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 256 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 237 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 421 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 338 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 189 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 6.52 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 267 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.93 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 289 |- | [[Norwei]] | 5.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 339 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 211 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 169 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 205 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 193 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 230 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 211 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 299 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 199 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 164 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 178 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 3.72 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Nepal]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 308 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 120 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 91 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Nchi iliyoendelea]] | 2.27 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 164 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Utoaji mimba nchini Uganda]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Jiko la ardhini]] | 1.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 2 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Alfonse Owiny-Dollo]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 174 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 35018 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 17713 || ↓ -21.0% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 201.3 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 101.8 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2523 || ↑ +3.7% |- | 2 || [[Marekani]] || 585 || ↓ -36.6% |- | 3 || [[Kenya]] || 495 || ↓ -10.6% |- | 4 || [[Urusi]] || 421 || ↓ -3.9% |- | 5 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 400 || ↓ -14.3% |- | 6 || [[Rwanda]] || 339 || ↑ +59.9% |- | 7 || [[Burundi]] || 338 || ↓ -10.8% |- | 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 322 || ↓ -13.9% |- | 9 || [[Nepal]] || 308 || ↑ +541.7% |- | 10 || [[Uturuki]] || 299 || ↓ -3.9% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 573 || 42.7% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 361 || 26.9% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 137 || 10.2% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 114 || 8.5% |- | 5 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 7 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 10 || 0.7% |- | 8 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:Kisare|Kisare]] || 6 || 0.4% |- | 10 || [[User:CSGinger14|CSGinger14]] || 6 || 0.4% |- |} knnp0ownss34d1drnrn4ro181wafhci 1593597 1593594 2026-08-31T04:41:05Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column 1593597 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-08-31) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 64 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 72 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 27 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-08-31)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 412 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 485 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2827 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 589 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1185 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 319 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 246 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 239 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 423 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 327 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 143 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 142 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 189 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 6.52 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 266 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.93 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 286 |- | [[Norwei]] | 5.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 331 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 146 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 213 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 169 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 204 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 190 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 240 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 208 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 295 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 155 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 200 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 118 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 170 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 173 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 3.72 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 147 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Nepal]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 400 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 92 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Nchi iliyoendelea]] | 2.27 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Utoaji mimba nchini Uganda]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 2 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Jiko la ardhini]] | 1.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Alfonse Owiny-Dollo]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 2 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 174 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 35018 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 17713 || ↓ -21.0% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 201.3 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 101.8 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2523 || ↑ +3.7% |- | 2 || [[Marekani]] || 585 || ↓ -36.6% |- | 3 || [[Kenya]] || 495 || ↓ -10.6% |- | 4 || [[Urusi]] || 421 || ↓ -3.9% |- | 5 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 400 || ↓ -14.3% |- | 6 || [[Rwanda]] || 339 || ↑ +59.9% |- | 7 || [[Burundi]] || 338 || ↓ -10.8% |- | 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 322 || ↓ -13.9% |- | 9 || [[Nepal]] || 308 || ↑ +541.7% |- | 10 || [[Uturuki]] || 299 || ↓ -3.9% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 573 || 42.7% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 361 || 26.9% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 137 || 10.2% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 114 || 8.5% |- | 5 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 7 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 10 || 0.7% |- | 8 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:Kisare|Kisare]] || 6 || 0.4% |- | 10 || [[User:CSGinger14|CSGinger14]] || 6 || 0.4% |- |} ey1be6bwhr50cz9lv6nxuxho73b174d 1593598 1593597 2026-08-31T04:58:49Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Sasisha Takwimu za mradi 1593598 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-08-31) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 64 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 72 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 27 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-08-31)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 412 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 485 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2827 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 589 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1185 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 319 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 246 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 239 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 423 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 327 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 143 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 142 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 189 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 6.52 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 266 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.93 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 286 |- | [[Norwei]] | 5.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 331 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 146 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 213 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 169 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 204 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 190 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 240 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 208 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 295 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 155 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 200 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 118 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 170 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 173 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 3.72 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 147 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Nepal]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 400 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 92 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Nchi iliyoendelea]] | 2.27 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Utoaji mimba nchini Uganda]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 2 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Jiko la ardhini]] | 1.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Alfonse Owiny-Dollo]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 2 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 174 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 35018 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 6877 || ↓ -28.1% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 201.3 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 39.5 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Marekani]] || 562 || ↓ -38.4% |- | 2 || [[Kenya]] || 470 || ↓ -13.9% |- | 3 || [[Nepal]] || 400 || ↑ +733.3% |- | 4 || [[Burundi]] || 327 || ↓ -14.2% |- | 5 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 319 || ↓ -13.6% |- | 6 || [[Uturuki]] || 290 || ↓ -6.5% |- | 7 || [[Irani]] || 241 || ↓ -31.7% |- | 8 || [[Israeli]] || 213 || ↓ -28.0% |- | 9 || [[Vanuatu]] || 147 || ↑ +219.6% |- | 10 || [[Korea Kusini]] || 146 || ↑ +19.7% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 573 || 42.7% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 361 || 26.9% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 137 || 10.2% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 114 || 8.5% |- | 5 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 7 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 10 || 0.7% |- | 8 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:Kisare|Kisare]] || 6 || 0.4% |- | 10 || [[User:CSGinger14|CSGinger14]] || 6 || 0.4% |- |} g7gfn9tmwgrldmayzg6oypl7e7ay8s9 0 235999 1593603 1545004 2026-08-31T05:18:58Z Nassimdz03 80813 /* Marejeo */ 1593603 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rabah Bitat''' (19 Desemba 1925 – 10 Aprili 2000) alikuwa mwanaharakati wa utaifa na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Aljeria|Algeria]].<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Bp8IfVxOcEQC&pg=PA294|title=Algeria: The Politics of a Socialist Revolution|last=Ottaway|first=David|last2=Ottaway|first2=Marina|date=1970|publisher=University of California Press|language=en}}</ref> Alijulikana kwa mchango wake katika harakati za kupigania uhuru wa Algeria dhidi ya ukoloni, na baadaye akawa mmoja wa viongozi wa kisiasa nchini humo baada ya uhuru. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{Marais wa Aljeria}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1925]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2000]] l0tfpkpfal3lvke3kbs1nzfuowgl44g 0 236111 1593602 1545129 2026-08-31T05:18:30Z Nassimdz03 80813 /* Marejeo */ 1593602 wikitext text/x-wiki Ali Kafi (7 Oktoba 1928 – 16 Aprili 2013) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Aljeria|Algeria]]. Aliwahi kuwa Mwenyekiti wa Baraza Kuu la Nchi (High Council of State) na Rais wa mpito wa Algeria kuanzia 1992 hadi 1994.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ali Kafi: Politician who led Algeria following the 1992 coup|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/ali-kafi-politician-who-led-algeria-following-the-1992-coup-8595478.html|work=The Independent|date=2013-04-29|accessdate=2026-05-17|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Marais wa Aljeria}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1928]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2013]] bjcf1oxbk0x87agu7t65yytzgla41wh 1593606 1593602 2026-08-31T05:26:42Z Nassimdz03 80813 /* Marejeo */ 1593606 wikitext text/x-wiki Ali Kafi (7 Oktoba 1928 – 16 Aprili 2013) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Aljeria|Algeria]]. Aliwahi kuwa Mwenyekiti wa Baraza Kuu la Nchi (High Council of State) na Rais wa mpito wa Algeria kuanzia 1992 hadi 1994.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ali Kafi: Politician who led Algeria following the 1992 coup|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/ali-kafi-politician-who-led-algeria-following-the-1992-coup-8595478.html|work=The Independent|date=2013-04-29|accessdate=2026-05-17|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{Marais wa Aljeria}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1928]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2013]] 3cvayajqcto1p5ypht21mqajd9u2m6t 0 241721 1593676 1577769 2026-08-31T11:51:41Z Milenica223 92068 1593676 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dejan Petković''' (kwa [[Kiserbia]]: Дејан Петковић; alizaliwa 10 Septemba 1972) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] na mchambuzi wa soka wa [[Serbia]]. Alikuwa akicheza hasa katika nafasi ya kiungo mshambuliaji. Nchini Serbia anajulikana kwa jina la utani la '''Rambo''', huku nchini Brazil akijulikana kama '''Pet'''.<ref>[https://thesefootballtimes.co/2019/09/26/dejan-petkovic-the-unlikely-hero-of-both-the-marakana-and-the-maracana/ “Dejan Petković: the unlikely hero of both the Marakana and the Maracanã”], ''These Football Times'', 26 Septemba 2019. Ilitazamwa 30 Juni 2026.</ref> Pia ni balozi wa Meridian Holdings.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Meridian Holdings Announces Dejan “Pet” Petković, Brazilian Football Legend, as Global Brand Ambassador|url=https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2026/05/26/3300730/0/en/meridian-holdings-announces-dejan-pet-petkovi%C4%87-brazilian-football-legend-as-global-brand-ambassador.html|work=GlobeNewswire News Room|date=2026-05-26|accessdate=2026-08-31|language=en-us|author=Meridian Holdings Inc}}</ref> Petković alichezea vilabu katika Yugoslavia, Hispania, Italia, Brazil, China na Saudi Arabia. Anajulikana zaidi kutokana na vipindi vyake katika klabu ya [[CR Flamengo|Flamengo]], ambako alifunga bao maarufu la mpira wa adhabu dhidi ya [[CR Vasco da Gama|Vasco da Gama]] mwaka 2001 na kusaidia timu hiyo kutwaa ubingwa wa Brazil mwaka 2009.<ref>[https://en.flamengo.com.br/noticias/futebol/relembre-15-grandes-jogadores-da-historia-do-flamengo “Remember 15 great players in Flamengo's history”], ''Clube de Regatas do Flamengo'', 15 Novemba 2010. Ilitazamwa 30 Juni 2026.</ref> == Maisha ya awali == Petković alizaliwa mjini Majdanpek, katika Jamhuri ya Kisoshalisti ya Serbia, iliyokuwa sehemu ya [[Yugoslavia]]. Alianza kucheza soka katika klabu ya eneo lake kabla ya kujiunga na Radnički Niš. Alicheza mechi yake ya kwanza katika ngazi ya juu akiwa na umri wa miaka 16.<ref>[https://globoesporte.globo.com/handebol/noticia/2013/12/casa-do-brasil-no-mundial-nis-guarda-segredo-de-pet-craque-no-handebol.html “Casa do Brasil no Mundial, Nis guarda segredo de Pet”], ''Globo Esporte'', 12 Desemba 2013. Ilitazamwa 30 Juni 2026.</ref> == Kazi ya klabu == === Yugoslavia na Hispania === Baada ya kuichezea Radnički Niš, Petković alijiunga na [[Red Star Belgrade]]. Akiwa na klabu hiyo, alishinda mashindano ya kitaifa ya Yugoslavia na kujijengea sifa kama kiungo mwenye uwezo wa kufunga mabao na kutengeneza nafasi. Mwishoni mwa mwaka 1995 alihamia [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]]. Nafasi yake katika kikosi cha kwanza ilikuwa ndogo, na baadaye alicheza kwa mkopo katika [[Sevilla FC|Sevilla]] na [[Racing de Santander]].<ref>[https://ge.globo.com/futebol/noticia/jogo-da-memoria-13-petkovic-a-cavadinha-e-os-babacas-que-pintaram.ghtml “Jogo da Memória: Petkovic”], ''Globo Esporte'', 20 Desemba 2017. Ilitazamwa 30 Juni 2026.</ref> === Kazi nchini Brazil === Mwaka 1997, Petković alihamia Brazil na kujiunga na [[Esporte Clube Vitória|Vitória]]. Maonesho yake katika klabu hiyo yalimfanya kuwa mmoja wa wachezaji wa kigeni waliotambulika zaidi katika soka la Brazil. Baada ya kipindi kifupi katika klabu ya [[Venezia FC|Venezia]] nchini Italia, alijiunga na Flamengo mwaka 2000. Tarehe 27 Mei 2001, alifunga bao la ushindi kwa mpira wa adhabu katika dakika za mwisho za fainali ya Campeonato Carioca dhidi ya Vasco da Gama. Bao hilo liliisaidia Flamengo kutwaa ubingwa wa jimbo la Rio de Janeiro kwa mara ya tatu mfululizo.<ref>[https://globoesporte.globo.com/futebol/times/flamengo/noticia/2011/05/em-sua-despedida-pet-vai-usar-camisa-43-contra-o-corinthians.html “Pet vai usar camisa 43 no adeus”], ''Globo Esporte'', 26 Mei 2011. Ilitazamwa 30 Juni 2026.</ref> Petković pia alichezea vilabu vya [[CR Vasco da Gama|Vasco da Gama]], [[Fluminense FC|Fluminense]], [[Goiás Esporte Clube|Goiás]], [[Santos FC|Santos]] na [[Clube Atlético Mineiro|Atlético Mineiro]]. Nje ya Brazil, alichezea Shanghai Shenhua nchini China na Al-Ittihad nchini Saudi Arabia.<ref>[https://ge.globo.com/futebol/noticia/jogo-da-memoria-13-petkovic-a-cavadinha-e-os-babacas-que-pintaram.ghtml “Jogo da Memória: Petkovic”], ''Globo Esporte'', 20 Desemba 2017. Ilitazamwa 30 Juni 2026.</ref> === Kurudi Flamengo === Mwaka 2009, akiwa na umri wa miaka 36, Petković alirudi Flamengo. Alikuwa mmoja wa wachezaji muhimu katika kikosi kilichotwaa ubingwa wa [[Campeonato Brasileiro Série A]] mwaka huo. Alitumia uzoefu wake, pasi sahihi na uwezo wa kupiga mipira iliyokufa kusaidia timu hiyo kushinda ubingwa wake wa kwanza wa ligi baada ya miaka 17.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2009/dec/08/flamengo-brazilian-championship “Resurgent Flamengo roll back the years to secure Brazilian championship”], ''The Guardian'', 8 Desemba 2009. Ilitazamwa 30 Juni 2026.</ref> Alistaafu kucheza soka mwaka 2011. Wakati wa kustaafu kwake, Globo Esporte iliripoti kuwa alikuwa mchezaji wa kigeni aliyekuwa amecheza mechi nyingi zaidi na kufunga mabao mengi zaidi katika historia ya ligi kuu ya Brazil, akiwa na mechi 268 na mabao 83.<ref>[https://globoesporte.globo.com/futebol/noticia/2011/06/o-gringo-que-conquistou-o-brasil-raio-x-da-carreira-de-pet-no-pais.html “O gringo que conquistou o Brasil: raio-X da carreira de Pet no país”], ''Globo Esporte'', 4 Juni 2011. Ilitazamwa 30 Juni 2026.</ref> == Kazi ya kimataifa == Petković aliiwakilisha timu ya taifa ya [[Yugoslavia]] katika mechi sita kati ya mwaka 1995 na 1998, akifunga bao moja. Licha ya mafanikio yake katika ngazi ya klabu, hakushiriki katika mashindano makubwa ya kimataifa akiwa na timu ya taifa. == Mtindo wa uchezaji == Petković alikuwa kiungo mshambuliaji aliyesifika kwa ufundi, uwezo wa kutoa pasi, kupiga mashuti ya mbali na kutekeleza mipira ya adhabu. Pia alijulikana kwa kufunga mabao moja kwa moja kutoka katika mipira ya kona. Uwezo wake katika mipira iliyokufa ulimfanya kuwa mmoja wa wachezaji waliopendwa zaidi na mashabiki wa Flamengo.<nowiki>https://en.flamengo.com.br/noticias/futebol/relembre-15-grandes-jogadores-da-historia-do-flamengo?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Remember 15 great players in Flamengo's history"</nowiki> == Heshima na urithi == Mwaka 2009, Petković aliingizwa katika Matembezi ya Umaarufu ya Uwanja wa [[Maracanã]], ambapo aliongeza alama za miguu yake pamoja na wachezaji wengine mashuhuri wa soka.<ref>[https://ge.globo.com/Esportes/Noticias/Times/Flamengo/0,,MUL1386616-9865,00.html “Agora na Calçada da Fama do Maracanã, Pet realiza o sonho”], ''Globo Esporte'', 20 Novemba 2009. Ilitazamwa 30 Juni 2026.</ref> Flamengo imemtaja kuwa mmoja wa wachezaji muhimu katika historia ya klabu hiyo, hasa kutokana na bao lake la mwaka 2001 na mchango wake katika ubingwa wa Brazil wa mwaka 2009.<ref>[https://en.flamengo.com.br/noticias/futebol/relembre-15-grandes-jogadores-da-historia-do-flamengo “Remember 15 great players in Flamengo's history”], ''Clube de Regatas do Flamengo'', 15 Novemba 2010. Ilitazamwa 30 Juni 2026.</ref> Maisha na kazi yake nchini Serbia na Brazil yaliwasilishwa katika filamu ya mwaka 2011 ya ''O Gringo'', iliyoongozwa na Darko Bajić.<ref>[https://globoesporte.globo.com/programas/esporte-espetacular/noticia/2011/06/luz-camera-acao-petkovic-lanca-documentario-e-interpreta-ele-mesmo.html “Luz, câmera, ação! Petkovic lança documentário”], ''Globo Esporte'', 5 Juni 2011. Ilitazamwa 30 Juni 2026.</ref> == Mataji muhimu == ; Red Star Belgrade * Ligi ya Yugoslavia * Kombe la Yugoslavia ; Real Madrid * [[La Liga]]: 1996–97 ; Vitória * Copa do Nordeste: 1999 ; Flamengo * Campeonato Carioca: 2000 na 2001 * Copa dos Campeões: 2001 * Campeonato Brasileiro Série A: 2009 ; Vasco da Gama * Campeonato Carioca: 2003 == Marejeo == {{reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * [https://www.worldfootball.net/player_summary/dejan-petkovic/ Wasifu katika WorldFootball.net] {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1972]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Serbia]] 4lsdeti0cfqkjwvvbb49y46yg43wx3d 0 247908 1593474 1593050 2026-08-30T12:02:12Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593474 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Prince Julius Adewale Adelusi-Adeluyi''' (alizaliwa Agosti 2, 1940) ni [[mfamasia]], [[mwanasheria]], na [[Waziri]] wa [[zamani]] wa [[Afya]] na [[Rasilimali]] Watu nchini [[Nigeria]]. Ndiye [[mwanzilishi]] na [[mwenyekiti]] wa [[kampuni]] ya Juli Plc, ambayo ilikuwa [[kampuni]] ya kwanza ya asili ya [[Nigeria]] kuorodheshwa kwenye [[Soko la Hisa la Nigeria]] mnamo mwaka [[1986]]. Amewahi kuwa [[Waziri]] wa Afya, Rais wa Chuo cha Famasia cha [[Nigeria]] (Nigeria Academy of Pharmacy), na [[Mwenyekiti]] wa [[Bodi]] ya Wadhamini ya [[Chama]] cha [[Biashara]] cha [[Nigeria]] na [[Marekani]. Alisoma katika Chuo cha Sanaa, [[Sayansi]] na [[Teknolojia]] cha [[Nigeria]] huko Ibadan kuanzia mwaka 1959 hadi 1961. Kampasi hiyo baadaye ilikuja kuwa eneo la kuanzia la Chuo Kikuu cha Ife mnamo 1961, ambapo alihitimu mwaka 1965. Alichaguliwa kuwa Katibu Mkuu wa Shirikisho la [[Mwanafunzi|Wanafunzi]] wa Kimataifa kwenye [[mkutano]] wao huko [[Christchurch]], [[New Zealand]]. Baadaye pia alisomea sheria na kupata ufaulu wa juu. Alijiunga na klabu ya Rotary ya Ikeja mnamo mwaka 1969. Alikuwa [[Gavana]] wa kwanza wa [[Wilaya]] ya Rotary 911 mwaka 1982 baada ya [[Nigeria]] kujitenga na [[Wilaya]] ya 210, akajenga msingi thabiti wa ukuaji wa Rotary nchini humo. Alipokea barua ya pongezi kutoka kwa Rais [[Shehu Shagari]] kwa mchango wake katika kukuza. == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1940]] [[Jamii:wanabiolojia wa Nigeria]] sjapmbadurwcm8osuo8kjuguv12jkgz 0 247909 1593476 1593266 2026-08-30T12:04:42Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593476 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jorge Tolentino''' (alizaliwa [[1963]]) ni [[mwanasiasa]], [[mwandishi]], [[mwanadiplomasia]] na [[mwanasheria]] kutoka [[Cape Verde]]. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Ulinzi na Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|last=Dartmouth|first=University of Massachusetts|title=UMass Dartmouth welcomes Dr. Jorge Tolentino|url=https://www.umassd.edu/feature-stories/2020/dr-jorge-tolentino.html|access-date=October 5, 2021|website=www.umassd.edu|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Rejea habari|title=The University of Massachusetts Dartmouth's|url=https://plataforma9.com/upload/2020/02/March192020U.S.CaboVerdeRelationsTheconstructionofahistoricandstrategicpartnershipalecturebyDr.JorgeTolentino_1581966134730.pdf;jsessionid=F5393DFE3BD7D6C145E4472C858E0FCA}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=China doa 150 milhões de dólares a Cabo Verde|url=https://www.voaportugues.com/a/china-doa-150-milhoes-de-dolares-a-cabo-verde/2509059.html|access-date=October 5, 2021|website=VOA|language=pt}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Cabo Verde with Ambassador Jorge Tolentino|url=https://www.csis.org/podcasts/49/cabo-verde-ambassador-jorge-tolentino|access-date=October 5, 2021|website=www.csis.org|language=en}}</ref> == Historia na Elimu == Tolentino alizaliwa Mindelo, katika Kisiwa cha St. Vicente, Cape Verde. Alipata shahada ya Sheria katika Chuo Kikuu cha Coimbra nchini [[Ureno]]. == Kazi == Tolentino amewahi kushika nafasi mbalimbali serikalini. Aliwahi kuwa mshauri wa Rais wa zamani wa Cape Verde, António Mascarenhas Monteiro. Pia amewahi kuiwakilisha Cape Verde katika nchi za [[Finland]], [[Hispania]], [[Jamhuri ya Czech]] na [[Ujerumani]]. Pia ni mwandishi na anashikilia nafasi mbalimbali katika Chama cha Waandishi wa Cape Verde. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Cabo Verde]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1963]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Cabo Verde]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Cabo Verde]] fyu2ndwiwas9ahx00xftuxg5d771kao 0 247910 1593475 1593052 2026-08-30T12:03:51Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593475 wikitext text/x-wiki '''François-Xavier Kalinda''' (alizaliwa 31 Mei 1962) ni mwanasiasa wa Rwanda ambaye amekuwa [[Mwenyekiti]] wa [[Seneti]] ya Rwanda tangu tarehe [[9 Januari]] 2023. Ana Shahada ya [[Uzamili]] ya Sheria kutoka [[Chuo Kikuu cha Ottawa]]. Pia aliwahi kuwa Mkuu wa Shule ya Sheria katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Rwanda]].<ref>https://www.ktpress.rw/2023/01/francois-xavier-kalinda-elected-senate-president/</ref><ref><nowiki>https://www.ktpress.rw/2023/01/francois-xavier-kalinda-elected-senate-president/</nowiki></ref><ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/4121/news/politics/who-is-francois-xavier-kalinda-rwandas-new-senate-president</ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Rwanda]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1962]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 3zso9qakmxla6igep9zi2nqg5t6nv6m 0 247911 1593478 1593053 2026-08-30T12:05:49Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593478 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Jerome J Verdier.jpg|thumb|Jerome J Verdier.]] '''Jerome J. Verdier Sr''' ni mwanasheria, mtetezi wa haki za binadamu, na mwanaharakati wa mazingira kutoka nchini [[Liberia]]. Anajulikana zaidi kwa kuwa mwenyekiti wa Tume ya Ukweli na Upatanisho (TRC) ya [[Liberia]] kuanzia mwaka [[2006]] hadi [[2009]]. Chini ya uongozi wake, tume hiyo ilichunguza uvunjaji wa haki za binadamu uliotokea wakati wa vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe nchini humo na kupendekeza kuundwa kwa mahakama ya kushughulikia makosa ya kivita. == Elimu == Verdier ni mhitimu wa Chuo Kikuu cha [[Liberia]], ambapo alitunukiwa [[Shahada]] ya [[Uzamili]] ya [[Utawala]] wa [[Biashara]] (''Bachelor of Business Administration'') na Shahada ya [[Sheria]] (''Bachelor of Laws'') kutoka Shule ya [[Sheria]] ya Louis Arthur Grimes. Baadaye alipata Shahada ya Sayansi katika Usimamizi kutoka Taasisi ya Teknolojia ya Georgia (''Georgia Institute of Technology'') mnamo mwaka 2009 ==Tume ya Ukweli na Upatanisho== Verdier aliteuliwa kuwa mwenyekiti wa Tume ya Ukweli na Upatanisho (TRC) ya Liberia mnamo mwaka 2006, ikiwa ni sehemu ya mchakato wa kujenga amani nchini humo baada ya vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe. Tume hiyo ilipewa jukumu la kuchunguza uvunjaji wa haki za binadamu uliotokea kati ya mwaka 1979 na 2003 wakati wa migogoro ya wenyewe kwa wenyewe nchini Liberia. Wakati wa uongozi wake, tume ya TRC iliendesha mashauri ya wazi kote nchini [[Liberia]] pamoja na miongoni mwa jamii za Waliberia wanaoishi nje ya nchi (diaspora). Mnamo mwaka [[2009]], tume hiyo ilitoa ripoti yake ya mwisho, ambayo ilianika ukiukwaji mkubwa wa haki za binadamu na kupendekeza kuundwa kwa [[mahakama]] ya makosa ya kivita pamoja na vikwazo dhidi ya watu waliobainika husika na ukiukwaji huo mkubwa. Ripoti hiyo na mapendekezo yake vilizua mjadala mzito na utata mkubwa kitaifa, hasa kuhusu vikwazo vilivyopendekezwa dhidi ya viongozi wa kisiasa na wigo wa hatua za kuwawajibisha waliohusika. == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanaume wa Liberia]] [[Jamii:wanasheria wa Liberia]] lbrs3htvn9ayk9jwk5nl4rwkqq94q6n 0 247912 1593479 1593263 2026-08-30T12:07:49Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593479 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Janat Balunzi Mukwaya''' (alizaliwa [[Wilaya ya Mukono]], Uganda, [[12 Desemba]] [[1951]]) ni mwanasiasa wa Uganda aliyekuwa Meja katika Jeshi la Uganda. Kwa sasa anahudumu kama Mshauri Mwandamizi wa Rais.Kabla ya kushika nafasi hiyo, aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Majukumu ya Jumla katika Ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu kuanzia tarehe 16 Februari 2009 hadi 27 Mei 2011. Pia aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa [[Jinsia]], Kazi na Masuala ya Kijamii kuanzia tarehe 6 Juni 2016 hadi [[Desemba]] 2019.Vilevile, Janat Balunzi Mukwaya aliwahi kuwa [[Waziri]] wa [[Biashara]] na [[Viwanda]] kuanzia Juni 2006 hadi [[Februari]] 2009.Mnamo Mei 2011, alistaafu kwa muda kutoka katika shughuli za kisiasa, na nafasi yake katika Baraza la Mawaziri ilichukuliwa na Kiddu Makubuya. Aidha, Janat Balunzi Mukwaya aliwahi kuwa Mbunge aliyechaguliwa wa Jimbo la Mukono South, katika Wilaya ya Mukono, kuanzia mwaka 2006 hadi alipostaafu mwaka 2011.Kwa ujumla, Janat Balunzi Mukwaya ni [[mwanamke]] aliyeshiriki katika siasa, [[uongozi]] wa serikali na [[jeshi]] nchini Uganda, akihudumu katika nafasi mbalimbali za uongozi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Who will be the first Kampala executive director?|url=https://www.newvision.co.ugnull/|work=New Vision|accessdate=2026-08-29|author=Vision Reporter}}</ref> == Elimu == Janat Balunzi Mukwaya alisoma Sayansi ya Siasa na Utawala wa Kijamii katika Chuo Kikuu cha Makerere kuanzia mwaka1971 hadi 1975. Alimaliza masomo yake na kupata Shahada ya Kwanza ya Sanaa kwa heshima.Kuanzia mwaka 1975 hadi 1981, alifanya kazi kama hakimu wa utawala daraja la pili katika mahakama ya vijijini.Mwaka 1981,alijiunga na Jeshi kama mpiganaji. Baadaye alipanda cheo na kufikia Cheo cha Kapteni katika jeshi hilo.Aidha, Janat Balunzi Mukwaya ana Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sanaa , katika Sera za Umma na Usimamizi, kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha London.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Who will be the first Kampala executive director?|url=https://www.newvision.co.ugnull/|work=New Vision|accessdate=2026-08-29|author=Vision Reporter}}</ref> == '''Kazi na safari yake ya kisiasa''' == Baada ya Jeshi laJeshi la [[Upinzani]] la Kitaifa kuchukua madaraka mwaka 1986, Janat Mukwaya aliteuliwa kuwa Mkurugenzi wa Masuala ya [[Wanawake]] katika Wizara ya Jinsia, Kazi na [[Maendeleo]] ya Kijamii. Alifanya kazi katika nafasi hiyo hadi mwaka 1990.Mwaka 1994, aliteuliwa kuwa Katibu Binafsi Mkuu wa Makamu wa Rais wa Uganda. Alihudumu katika nafasi hiyo hadi mwaka 1995.Kati ya mwaka 1995 na 1996, Mukwaya alihudumu kama Waziri wa Nchi anayeshughulikia eneo la Luwero Triangle katika Ofisi ya Rais.Kuanzia mwaka 1996 hadi 2001, alihudumu kama Waziri wa Jinsia, Kazi na Maendeleo ya Kijamii.Kwa ujumla, Janat Mukwaya alikuwa na safari ndefu ya kisiasa na alishika nafasi mbalimbali za uongozi nchini Uganda, hasa katika masuala ya [[wanawake]], jinsia, kazi na [[maendeleo]] ya kijamii.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Museveni reshuffles cabinet|url=https://www.newvision.co.ugnull/|work=New Vision|accessdate=2026-08-29|author=Vision Reporter}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1951]] [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Uganda]] db2jy04d0jf00yn4sre9maaccmcj790 0 247913 1593480 1593057 2026-08-30T12:08:50Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593480 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Apollinaire Kyelem de Tambèla (cropped).png|thumb|Apollinaire J. Kyélem de Tambèla]] '''Apollinaire Joachim Kyélem de Tambèla''' (alizaliwa [[11 Juni]] [[1955]]) ni [[mwanasheria]], [[mwanaharakati]] wa [[siasa]] za [[Uafrika]] (Pan-Africanist), [[mwandishi]], na [[kiongozi]] wa [[serikali] wa [[Burkina Faso]]]. Alihudumu kama [[Waziri Mkuu]] wa Burkina Faso kuanzia [[mwezi]] [[Oktoba]] [[2022]] hadi alipoondolewa madarakani na [[Rais]] [[Ibrahim Traoré]] mnamo mwezi Desemba 2024.<ref><nowiki>https://burkina24.com/2022/10/21/apollinaire-joachim-kyelem-de-tambela-nomme-premier-ministre/</nowiki></ref> == Maisha ya awali na Elimu == Kyélem de Tambèla alizaliwa nchini Burkina Faso mnamo mwaka [[1955]]. Baada ya kukamilisha [[elimu]] yake ya [[msingi]] na [[Elimu ya sekondari|sekondari]] nchini Burkina Faso, alienda kusoma nchini [[Ufaransa]], ambako alitunukiwa [[Shahada ya Awali|shahada]] yake ya [[uzamivu]] (PhD) ya [[sheria]] mwaka [[1986]] kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Nice. Alifundisha kama [[profesa]] katika [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha [[Wagadugu|Ouagadougou]] na Shule ya Kitaifa ya [[Utawala]] na Ujaji (ENAM).<ref><nowiki>https://hoodcommunist.org/2023/03/02/the-homeland-or-death-accomplishments-of-the-traore-government-in-burkina-faso/amp/</nowiki></ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1955]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Burkina Faso]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] e73xmodqvt1fngmo699cy679p7l6pa2 0 247914 1593481 1593233 2026-08-30T12:10:37Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593481 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bibata Niandou Barry''' (anajulikana kama Madame Barry; alizaliwa 2 Machi 1955) ni wakili [[mwanaharakati]] aliyeinuka na kuwa waziri wa wanawake wa [[Niger]] katika [[serikali]] ya [[Mamadou Tandja]]. Yeye ni dada wa [[mwanasiasa]] Harouna Niandou na mwanasayansi wa siasa Abdoulaye Niandou Souley.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=GFFjEMjKrWkC&redir_esc=y|title=Historical Dictionary of Niger|last=Idrissa|first=Abdourahmane|last2=Decalo|first2=Samuel|date=2012-06-01|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing PLC|isbn=978-0-8108-7090-1|language=en}}</ref> == Maisha == Niandou Barry alihudhuria "Lycée Kassaï" huko Niamey. Kisha alisomea sheria ya kiraia na kuhitimu mwaka wa 1990. Mnamo 1991, alianzisha Association des Femmes Juristes du Niger, chama cha wanasheria [[Mwanamke|wanawake]] nchini [[Niger]]. Ilikuwa ni miongoni mwa [[Mashirika ya ombaomba|mashirika]] yaliyoshiriki kikamilifu katika kutetea haki za wanawake wakati wa mabadiliko ya kidemokrasia [[Nchi|nchini]] [[Niger]] mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1990 na sasa inaunga mkono [[Mwanamke|wanawake]] maskini zaidi<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=GFFjEMjKrWkC&redir_esc=y|title=Historical Dictionary of Niger|last=Idrissa|first=Abdourahmane|last2=Decalo|first2=Samuel|date=2012-06-01|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing PLC|isbn=978-0-8108-7090-1|language=en}}</ref> Katika miaka ya 1990 kaka yake Niandou Barry Harouna Niandou alikua waziri nchini Niger.<ref>{{Citation|last=Idrissa|first=Abdourahmane|title=Niger|date=2018-06-27|url=https://doi.org/10.1093/obo/9780199846733-0203|work=Oxford Bibliographies in African Studies|publisher=Oxford University PressNew York, NY|isbn=978-0-19-785677-2|access-date=2026-08-29}}</ref> Rekodi yake fupi kama [[Rais]] Mkuu wa [[manispaa]] Niamey kuanzia 2003 ilipokelewa vyema. Alikuwa amepanga seti ya michezo ambayo ilikwenda vizuri lakini bado alifukuzwa mwaka uliofuata<ref>{{Citation|last=Idrissa|first=Abdourahmane|title=Niger|date=2018-06-27|url=https://doi.org/10.1093/obo/9780199846733-0203|work=Oxford Bibliographies in African Studies|publisher=Oxford University PressNew York, NY|isbn=978-0-19-785677-2|access-date=2026-08-29}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1955|}} [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Niger]] llgw3v8sl9t9e0t89nrn1mjvbq0hlqw 0 247916 1593483 1593066 2026-08-30T12:12:36Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593483 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person|jina=Adeoye Adisa|tarehe ya kufa=16 November 2015|mahala_pa_kuzaliwa=[[Oyo State]], [[Nigeria]]}} '''Adeoye Adisa''' (alifariki [[16 Novemba]] [[2015]]) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]], [[mbunge]] na [[mwanasheria]] wa [[Nigeria]] kutoka [[Jimbo la Oyo]], Nigeria. Adisa aliwahi kushika nyadhifa mbalimbali za kisiasa nchini Nigeria, zikiwemo kuwa [[Waziri]] na [[Kamishna]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=[RETRACTED] Guardian Blood Balance Australia {{!}}Guardian Botanicals Blood Balance {{!}} v1|url=https://doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.8epv59oj4g1b/v1|work=doi.org|date=2022-06-07|accessdate=2026-08-29|author=Philip Blood}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tajudeen Adisa |first=Jimoh, |last2=Comfort |first2=ADEOYE, Adedoyin |date=2025 |title=Dynamics of Participative Management Practices and Organisational Commitment of Workers in Selected Public Polytechnics in Ogun State |url=https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2024.8120068 |journal=International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science |volume=VIII |issue=XII |pages=809–823 |doi=10.47772/ijriss.2024.8120068 |issn=2454-6186}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|karne ya 21|2015}} [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Nigeria]] rgum8kpoes3as60cm0pezgeecw4b4d9 0 247918 1593484 1593074 2026-08-30T12:13:32Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593484 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mwanasheria Mkuu wa Nigeria''', anayejulikana pia kama [[Mwanasheria Mkuu]] wa Shirikisho, ndiye mshauri mkuu wa kisheria wa [[Rais]] wa [[Nigeria]] na [[Serikali]] ya Nigeria. Mwanasheria Mkuu ni mjumbe wa Baraza la Utendaji la Shirikisho, Baraza la [[Usalama]] la Taifa, na Baraza la Taifa. Ofisi hii ina majukumu mawili kwa pamoja, ambapo Mwanasheria Mkuu pia ni [[Waziri]] wa [[Sheria]], anayehusika na kusimamia Wizara ya Sheria ya Shirikisho. Mwanasheria Mkuu huteuliwa na Rais, na husaidiwa na [[Katibu]] Mkuu wa Kudumu, ambaye ni mtumishi wa umma wa taaluma. Kufikia [[Agosti]] [[2023]], Mwanasheria Mkuu wa Nigeria alikuwa Lateef Fagbemi. == Orodha ya Wanasheria Wakuu wa Nigeria == * Teslim Elias — ([[1960]]–[[1966]]) * G.I.M. Onyiuke — (1 Machi 1966–29 Julai 1966) * Nabo Graham-Douglas — (1966–1972) * Dan Onuorah Ibekwe — (1972–1975) * Augustine Nnamani — (1975–1979) * Richard Akinjide — ([[1979]]–1983) * Kehinde Sofola — (Oktoba 1983–Desemba 1983) * Chike Ofodile — (1984–Agosti [[1985]]) * Bola Ajibola — ([[12 Septemba]] 1985–4 Desemba 1991) * Clement Adegoke — (1991–1993) * Olu Onagoruwa — (1993–1994) * Michael Ashikodi Agbamuche — (1994–1997) * Abdullahi Ibrahim, OFR — ([[1997]]–Mei 1999) * Kanu Godwin Agabi — (Juni 1999–Januari [[2000]]) * Bola Ige — (3 Januari 2000–23 Desemba 2001) * Kanu Godwin Agabi — (2002–2003) * Akin Olujimi — (Julai 2003–Julai 2005) * Bayo Ojo — (Julai 2005–Julai [[2007]]) * Michael Aondoakaa — (26 Julai 2007–10 Februari 2010) * Adetokunbo Kayode — (10 Februari 2010–17 Machi 2010) * Mohammed Bello Adoke — (6 Aprili 2010–[[29 Mei]] [[2011]]) * Mohammed Bello Adoke — (2 Julai 2011–Mei 2015) * Abubakar Malami — ([[11 Novemba]] 2015–29 Mei 2023) * Lateef Fagbemi — ([[21 Agosti]] 2023) <ref>https://saharareporters.com/2017/07/21/nigeria%E2%80%99s-former-attorney-general-olu-onagoruwa-dead</ref><ref>https://justice.gov.ng/</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-sheria}} [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Nigeria]] 149jcsg4z3kxrho049w9z0hle4zg5kp 0 247919 1593485 1593075 2026-08-30T12:15:04Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593485 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yaw Brefo Darkwa-Dwamena''' (alizaliwa [[23 Machi]] [[1932]]) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] na mbunge wa Bunge la Kwanza la Jamhuri ya Pili ya Ghana. Aliwakilisha Jimbo la Offinso kupitia chama cha Progress Party (PP). Alihudumu kama mbunge kuanzia tarehe [[1 Oktoba]] [[1969]] hadi [[13 Januari]] [[1972]].<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/1972/01/14/archives/ghanas-parliament-is-dissolved-by-leaders-of-coup.html</ref> == Maisha ya Awali na Elimu == Yaw Brefo Darkwa-Dwamena alizaliwa katika Mkoa wa Ashanti, Ghana. Alisoma katika chuo cha Prempeh College huko Kumasi. Baadaye alikwenda [[Uingereza]] kuendelea na masomo katika Chuo Kikuu cha Hull, ambako alipata shahada ya Sheria (LL.B.). Kabla ya kuingia katika Bunge, alifanya kazi kama wakili. == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1932]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ghana]] 0cav9rvodypvp1ab0335zdrgnd56j60 0 247922 1593486 1593081 2026-08-30T12:16:27Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593486 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Akasoba Duke-Abiola''' ni profesa wa sheria, [[mwanaharakati]] wa [[haki za binadamu]], na mtetezi wa [[amani]] na utatuzi wa [[migogoro]] wa [[Nigeria]]. Yeye ni [[mwenyekiti]] wa Kituo cha Akasoba cha [[Amani]] na Utatuzi wa [[Migogoro ya kikabila nchini Kenya|Migogoro]] (ACPCR) na pia anajulikana kwa anwani yake ya kimila kama '''Akasoba wa Kalabari'''. Mnamo [[mwaka]] 2014, alitafuta uteuzi wa urais kupitia chama cha Chama cha Demokrasia cha Watu kwa ajili ya uchaguzi mkuu wa [[Nigeria]] wa [[mwaka]] 2015. Mnamo [[Agosti]] 2026, Shirika la Utafiti na Sera la [[Afrika]] lilimwidhinisha kuwania nafasi ya [[Katibu]] Mkuu wa Umoja wa [[Taifa|Mataifa]].<ref>{{Citation|title=Akasoba Duke-Abiola|date=2026-08-25|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Akasoba_Duke-Abiola&oldid=1371219380|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2026-08-29}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=Akasoba Duke-Abiola|date=2026-08-25|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Akasoba_Duke-Abiola&oldid=1371219380|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2026-08-29}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1953]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Nigeria]] q5dqd2an34auoxpjdc845ohezwl0w5i 0 247923 1593487 1593082 2026-08-30T12:17:21Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593487 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Amie Joof Conteh''' ni [[mwanasheria]] na [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka [[Gambia]]. == Wasifu == Mwanzoni, Joof alifanya kazi kama mwanasheria na alikuwa ameolewa na Abdoulie Conteh, ambaye alikuwa meya wa [[Halmashauri]] ya [[Manispaa]] ya Kanifing kati ya [[Mwaka 1968|mwaka 1994]] na [[2006]]. Katika matukio kadhaa, alimwakilisha [[Mahakama|mahakamani]]. == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Gambia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Gambia]] 190976qswn1h7tzpogopqfjobs959je 0 247924 1593488 1593083 2026-08-30T12:18:26Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593488 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|picha=jpg{{!}}thumb{{!}}Abu Mayanja|name=Abubaker Kakyama Mayanja|cheo=Secretary General of the Uganda National Congress}} '''Abubaker Kakyama Mayanja''' ([[Agosti 1929]] – [[4 Novemba 2005]]) alikuwa [[Katibu Mkuu]] wa kwanza wa chama cha [[Uganda]] National Congress (UNC). UNC kilikuwa [[chama]] cha kwanza cha kisiasa nchini Uganda, kilichoanzishwa tarehe 6 Machi 1952 na Ignatius K. Musaazi. Abu Mayanja alipewa nafasi ya kuwa Katibu Mkuu wa UNC akiwa bado kijana na mwanafunzi wa shahada ya kwanza katika Makerere University College, ambayo baadaye ilikuja kuitwa Makerere University. Abu Mayanja alimsaidia Ignatius K. Musaazi kuandaa Katiba ya chama cha Uganda National Congress. Alikuwa mpigania uhuru wa Uganda na Afrika kwa ujumla. Pia alikuwa mwanasiasa mwenye msimamo mkali dhidi ya ukosefu wa haki. Alitoa mchango mkubwa katika siasa za Uganda kwa kuwa mtaalamu wa masuala ya katiba, mbunge mwenye uwezo mkubwa, na waziri wa serikali katika vipindi mbalimbali. Pia alikuwa [[wakili]] mwenye ujuzi mkubwa aliyefanya kazi katika sekta binafsi. Kwa ujumla, Abu Mayanja anakumbukwa kama mmoja wa watu muhimu katika historia ya kisiasa na harakati za uhuru nchini Uganda na [[Afrika]]. == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1929|2005}} [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Uganda]] kpyl3rwj0cgtsc0tjd3p0wvqququxq2 0 247925 1593489 1593084 2026-08-30T12:20:41Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593489 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Benedicto Kagimu Mugumba Kiwanuka''' ([[8 Mei]] [[1922]] – [[22 Septemba]] [[1972]]) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] na [[kiongozi]] mashuhuri wa [[Uganda]] aliyekuwa [[Waziri Mkuu]] wa kwanza wa [[Uganda]]. Alikuwa [[kiongozi]] wa Chama Cha kidemokrsia na alikuwa miongoni mwa [[viongozi]] wa kisiasa nchini [[Uganda]] waliosaidia kuiongoza [[nchi]] katika kipindi cha mpito kutoka utawala wa kikoloni wa Waingereza kuelekea [[uhuru]]. Aliuawa mwaka [[1972]] na utawala wa [[Idi Amin]]. Pia aliwahi kuwa [[Jaji]] Mkuu wa kwanza wa [[Uganda]], na alikuwa Mwafrika mweusi wa kwanza kushika nafasi hiyo. ==Wasifu== Kiwanuka alikuwa wa [[kabila]] la Baganda. Alizaliwa Kisabwa, akiwa mtoto wa Kaketo-Namugera (baba), na alikuwa mshiriki wa [[Kanisa Katoliki]]. Baada ya kusomea [[sheria]] nchini [[Lesotho]] kuanzia mwaka [[1950]] hadi [[1952]], alisafiri kwenda [[London]] kusomea taaluma ya uwakili katika Chuo kikuu cha London. Mnamo [[Februari]] [[1956]], alikubaliwa rasmi kuwa [[wakili]] na taasisi ya Gray’s Inn. Kutokana na Mkutano wa [[Katiba]] wa [[Uganda]] uliofanyika [[London]] mnamo [[Septemba]] [[1961]], [[Uganda]] ilipata kujitawala kwa ndani tarehe [[1]] [[Machi]] [[1962]]. Kiwanuka akawa [[Waziri]] Mkuu wa kwanza wa [[Uganda]] katika [[Bunge]] jipya la [[Taifa]]. Hata hivyo, uchaguzi mpya ulifanyika [[Aprili]] [[1962]], ambapo chama cha Kiwanuka kilishindwa na muungano wa [[Uganda]] People’s Congress cha [[Milton Obote]] pamoja na chama cha jadi cha Buganda, Kabaka Yekka. Aidha, Ukatoliki wa Kiwanuka ulimfanya asipendwe na baadhi ya Waganda wenzake, ambao wengi wao walikuwa [[Uprotestanti|Waprotestanti]]. [[Uganda]] ilipata uhuru tarehe [[9 Oktoba]] [[1962]], huku Obote akiwa Waziri Mkuu wa kwanza wa [[Uganda]] huru. Mwaka 1969, Kiwanuka alifungwa na serikali ya Obote, lakini alikuwa miongoni mwa wafungwa 55 wa kisiasa walioachiliwa na Idi Amin mara tu baada ya mapinduzi yaliyomweka Amin madarakani. Amin alimteua kuwa Jaji Mkuu wa Uganda tarehe [[27 Juni]] [[1971]]. Kiwanuka alikuja kukabiliana na Amin kutokana na kupuuza kwake utawala wa sheria. Mara tu baada ya uvamizi wa [[Uganda]] uliofanywa na Obote mwaka [[1972]], Kiwanuka alikamatwa kwa kutishiwa kwa bunduki na watu wa Amin akiwa anaendesha kikao cha [[Mahakama]] Kuu. Mbali na kupinga baadhi ya amri kali za Amin akiwa mahakamani, Kiwanuka pia alikuwa amekubaliana kwa [[siri]] kumuunga mkono Obote kurejea madarakani, kwa sharti kwamba Kiwanuka ashiriki katika kufanya marekebisho ya [[Katiba]]. ==Kifo== Kiwanuka aliuawa tarehe [[22 Septemba]] katika [[Gereza]] la Kijeshi la Makindye. Vyanzo vya [[Magharibi]] vilieleza kuwa aliuawa kwa mateso makali na ya muda mrefu. Kwa mujibu wa mashahidi wa tukio hilo, [[masikio]], [[pua]], [[midomo]] na [[mikono]] yake vilikatwa, kisha alifanyiwa ukeketaji wa viungo vya ndani na kukatwa sehemu za siri kabla ya kuchomwa moto. Hata hivyo, vyanzo vingine vilidai kwamba badala ya kuteswa, Kiwanuka alipigwa risasi binafsi na [[Idi Amin]]. Kifo cha Kiwanuka hakikutambuliwa hadharani kama mauaji ya kisiasa; badala yake, Amin aliwalaumu wafuasi wa Obote na hata kuanzisha uchunguzi wa [[polisi]]. Mauaji ya Kiwanuka yalikuwa ya kwanza katika mfululizo wa mauaji yaliyolenga [[viongozi]] mashuhuri kutoka [[makabila]] ya Baganda na Ankole, kwa lengo la kupunguza nguvu na ushawishi wao wa kisiasa.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=hOItAQAAIAAJ&q=Benedicto+Kiwanuka+1922&redir_esc=y|title=Benedicto Kiwanuka: The Man and His Politics|last=Bade|first=Albert|date=1996|publisher=Fountain Publishers|isbn=978-9970-02-008-9|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Remembering Ben Kiwanuka: A martyr and servant of justice|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/people-power/-remembering-ben-kiwanuka-a-martyr-and-servant-of-justice-5200654|work=Monitor|date=2025-09-21|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Uganda]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1922]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1972]] [[Jamii:Majaji wa Uganda]] gs48s0eyzsp5e6409bb5h6p6k76t10j 0 247926 1593491 1593330 2026-08-30T12:21:42Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593491 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sam Mayanja''' (alizaliwa [[1959]]) ni [[mwanasheria]] na [[mwanasiasa]] wa Uganda ambaye ameteuliwa na [[Rais]] wa [[Uganda]], Yoweri Museveni, kuwa Mwanasheria Mkuu wa Uganda kwa kipindi cha mwaka [[2026]] Hadi [[2031]]. Aliwahi kuwa [[Waziri]] wa [[Nchi]] anayeshughulikia Ardhi, ambapo alisimamia masuala ya ardhi nchini kote na kusaidia kutatua migogoro ya [[ardhi]] katika maeneo mbalimbali ya Uganda.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Discover the origin of Kalimotxo|url=https://www.institutohemingway.com/news/1630/discover-the-origin-of-kalimotxo-.html|work=www.institutohemingway.com|accessdate=2026-08-29}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Discover the origin of Kalimotxo|url=https://www.institutohemingway.com/news/1630/discover-the-origin-of-kalimotxo-.html|work=www.institutohemingway.com|accessdate=2026-08-29}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanaume wa Uganda]] [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Uganda]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1959]] 9ufl06qtfycvy5hnkz756o8nnrzade7 0 247927 1593492 1593096 2026-08-30T12:23:10Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593492 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Ugo Ferdinad.jpg|thumb|Ugo Ferdinad.]] '''Ugo Ferdinand Ukwueze''' (alizaliwa 11 Machi 1981) ni [[mwanasheria]] na mwanasiasa wa Nigeria. Anahudumu kama [[Mwenyekiti]] Mtendaji wa [[Halmashauri]] ya Serikali ya Mtaa ya Igbo-Eze [[Kusini]], katika [[jimbo la Enugu]], nchini [[Nigeria]]. Pia anahudumu kama Naibu Mwenyekiti wa tawi la Jimbo la Enugu la Chama cha [[Serikali]] za Mitaa cha Nigeria.<ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com/promoted/843138-ibagwa-nike-confers-chieftaincy-title-on-igbo-eze-south-chairman.html</ref><ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/ssouth-east/740507-mbah-swears-in-17-elected-council-chairpersons-in-enugu.html?tztc=1</ref><ref>https://easternechoesandnews.com/hon-ugo-ferdinand-ukwueze-reflects-on-one-year-of-transformative-leadership-in-igbo-eze-south-lga-takes-bold-steps-in-giving-the-lga-a-befitting-secretariat/</ref><ref><nowiki>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2026/02/hon-barr-ugo-ferdinand-ukwueze-builds-leadership-develops-human-capital/</nowiki></ref><ref><nowiki>https://ukrpublisher.com/the-appeal-of-igbo-radio-drama-and-storytelling-among-audiences-in-enugu-metropolis/</nowiki></ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1981]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Nigeria]] cr8fztzh8o5crdwdo0n45f17sxc8ldc 0 247928 1593493 1593274 2026-08-30T12:23:49Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593493 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kelechi Onuzuruike''' (alizaliwa [[19 Februari]] [[1976]]) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Nigeria]]. Aliwahi kuwa Naibu Mkuu wa Kamati ya Nidhamu ya Bunge katika Bunge la Jimbo la [[Abia (jimbo)|Abia]]. Pia aliwahi kuiwakilisha Jimbo la [[Umuahia]] Kaskazini katika Bunge la Jimbo la Abia. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2 February 2022|title=Breaking: PDP Lawmaker Kelechi Onuzuirike's Immediate Elder Brother, Chima, joins Emenike-led APC Faction in Abia|url=https://globaltimesnigeria.com/breaking-pdp-lawmaker-kelechi-onuzuruikes-immediate-elder-brother-chima-joins-emenike-led-apc-faction-in-abia/|access-date=29 March 2023|website=Global Times Nigeria|archive-date=29 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230329191226/https://globaltimesnigeria.com/breaking-pdp-lawmaker-kelechi-onuzuruikes-immediate-elder-brother-chima-joins-emenike-led-apc-faction-in-abia/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=Okoro|first=Boniface|date=12 May 2016|title=Court sacks APGA lawmaker for emerging through fake primary|url=https://newsexpressngr.com/news/23452-Court-sacks-APGA-lawmaker-for-emerging-through-fake-primary-16|access-date=29 March 2023|website=News Express Nigeria|archive-date=29 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230329140408/https://newsexpressngr.com/news/23452-Court-sacks-APGA-lawmaker-for-emerging-through-fake-primary-16|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=Babalola|first=Popoola|date=2016-05-13|title=Court sacks Abia lawmaker for emerging through unauthentic party primary -|url=https://theeagleonline.com.ng/court-sacks-abia-lawmaker-for-emerging-through-unauthentic-party-primary/|access-date=2023-03-29|website=The Eagle Online}}</ref>.<ref>{{Rejea habari|date=12 May 2016|title=Court sacks Abia lawmaker for emerging through unauthentic party primary|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2016/05/court-sacks-abia-lawmaker-emerging-unauthentic-party-primary/amp/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=29 March 2023|newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]}}</ref> == Historia na Elimu == Kelechi Onuzuruike anatoka Nkwoegwu Ohuhu, eneo lililopo Umuahia Kaskazini, katika Jimbo la Abia, Nigeria. Ana kaka mmoja mkubwa anayeitwa Chief Chima Onuzuruike. Baada ya kumaliza shule ya [[sekondari]], Ascension Junior Seminary, alisoma Sheria katika Chuo Kikuu cha Jimbo la Abia na kupata shahada ya Sheria. Baadaye, alisoma [[Stashahada ya Uzamili]] katika Usimamizi wa Biashara katika chuo cha London School of Business and Management. Aliendelea na masomo katika Chuo Kikuu cha Chichester nchini [[Uingereza]], ambako alipata Shahada ya Uzamili ya Usimamizi wa Biashara (MBA). == Marejeo == <references />{{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1976]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 6oehgsrkaagmwp29p2slzfkmy0j4250 0 247929 1593494 1593332 2026-08-30T12:24:39Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593494 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Olabode Agoro official portrait.jpg|thumb|Shuaheeb Olabode Agoro]] '''Shuaheeb Olabode "Bode" Agoro''' ni [[wakili]] na mtumishi wa serikali kutoka [[Nigeria]] ambaye amehudumu kama Mkuu wa 22 wa [[Jimbo la Lagos]] tangu 30 Septemba 2023<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Sanwo-Olu appoints Agoro new Lagos HoS|url=https://punchng.com/sanwo-olu-appoints-agoro-new-lagos-hos/|work=Punch Newspapers|date=2023-09-22|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-US|author=Olayiwola Ajisafe}}</ref> == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Agoro alihudhuria Chuo cha St. Gregory huko Lagos na alisomea [[sheria]] katika Leeds Metropolitan University (LLB), kabla ya kuitwa kwenye Baa ya [[Nigeria]]. Alipata LLM katika Sheria na Sera ya Petroli kutoka Kituo cha Sheria na Sera ya Nishati, Petroli na Madini na Sera ya Chuo Kikuu cha Dundee, na alimaliza mafunzo ya kitaaluma katika Shule ya Sheria ya BPP huko London. Pia alipata cheti cha uongozi wa umma kutoka Shule ya Harvard Kennedy na alikubaliwa kama wakili nchini Uingereza na Wales mwaka wa 2002. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Agoro Olabode: Biography, Age, Family, Education, Career, and More|url=https://newswirengr.com/2023/09/24/agoro-olabode-biography-age-family-education-career-and-more/|work=NewsWireNGR|date=2023-09-24|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-US}}</ref>kazi == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Nigeria]] h5jdl0kvzf1ipsexcy9e74q02cfsacm 0 247930 1593495 1593089 2026-08-30T12:25:07Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Amin Mekki medani]] hadi [[Amin Mekki Medani]]: usahihi wa jina 1593089 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person|jina=Amin Mekki Medani|tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa=2 Februari 1939|tarehe ya kufa=31 Agosti 2018 (umri 79)|sababu ya kifo=Ugonjwa wa moyo na kufeli figo|nchi=Sudani}} '''Amin Mekki Medani''' (2 Februari [[1939]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190202212327/https://www.washingtontimes.com/topics/amin-mekki-medani/ Internet Archive: Temporarily Offline]</ref> – 31 Agosti [[2018]]) alikuwa mwanasheria, mwanadiplomasia, mwanaharakati wa haki za binadamu na mwanaharakati wa kisiasa kutoka [[Sudan]]. == Maisha ya Awali. == Alizaliwa tarehe 2 Februari 1939, huko [[Wad Madani]], katika eneo la [[Al Jazeera]], lililokuwa sehemu ya Sudan ya '''Anglo-Misri.''' == Elimu. == Baada ya kuhitimu katika Shule ya [[Hanno Balitsch|Hantoub]], ambayo ilikuwa shule ya bweni ya hadhi ya juu yenye mfumo wa elimu wa mtindo wa [[Uingereza]], Mekki Medani alisomea Sheria katika Chuo Kikuu cha [[Khartoum]], ambako alipata shahada yake ya sheria. == Marejeo. == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Watu katika Chuo Kikuu cha Harvard]] [[Jamii:Watu bara kwa bara]] [[Jamii:Watu kufuatana na dini]] dqgef8xngx063x8945mpgyes9nd2u24 1593498 1593495 2026-08-30T12:26:26Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593498 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person|jina=Amin Mekki Medani|tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa=2 Februari 1939|tarehe ya kufa=31 Agosti 2018 (umri 79)|sababu ya kifo=Ugonjwa wa moyo na kufeli figo|nchi=Sudani}} '''Amin Mekki Medani''' (2 Februari [[1939]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190202212327/https://www.washingtontimes.com/topics/amin-mekki-medani/ Internet Archive: Temporarily Offline]</ref> – 31 Agosti [[2018]]) alikuwa mwanasheria, mwanadiplomasia, mwanaharakati wa haki za binadamu na mwanaharakati wa kisiasa kutoka [[Sudan]]. == Maisha ya Awali. == Alizaliwa tarehe 2 Februari 1939, huko [[Wad Madani]], katika eneo la [[Al Jazeera]], lililokuwa sehemu ya Sudan ya Anglo-Misri. == Elimu. == Baada ya kuhitimu katika Shule ya [[Hanno Balitsch|Hantoub]], ambayo ilikuwa shule ya bweni ya hadhi ya juu yenye mfumo wa elimu wa mtindo wa [[Uingereza]], Mekki Medani alisomea Sheria katika Chuo Kikuu cha [[Khartoum]], ambako alipata shahada yake ya sheria. == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1939|2018}} [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Sudan]] ac0h88qtnsutavr2jadx9y1r6yjjyr9 0 247931 1593501 1593090 2026-08-30T12:29:35Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593501 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mitala nchini Kenya''' ni [[desturi]] inayotambuliwa na kuruhusiwa kisheria, kwa vitendo na kwa mujibu wa [[sheria]]. Hata hivyo, katika muktadha huu, mitala inamaanisha [[mwanaume]] kuwa na [[mke|wake]] zaidi ya mmoja<ref>{{Citation|last=France-Presse|first=Agence|title=Kenya's parliament passes bill allowing polygamy|date=2014-03-21|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/mar/21/kenya-parliament-passes-bill-allowing-polygamy|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=2026-08-29}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-utamaduni-KE}} [[Jamii:utamaduni wa Kenya]] dmxlihjn0qiuxo0f3lp8gqc1daqq7j2 0 247932 1593502 1593121 2026-08-30T12:30:04Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Melese (name)]] hadi [[Melese]]: urahisi wa kuupata 1593121 wikitext text/x-wiki Melese ni jina la kiume na pia jina la [[ukoo]] linalopatikana zaidi nchini [[Ethiopia]]. Watu mashuhuri wenye jina hili ni pamoja na:<ref>https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/95702732/meles-zenawi</ref> ==== Jina la kwanza ==== * Melese Feissa (alizaliwa mwaka 1967), [[mwanariadha]] wa Ethiopia aliyeshiriki mashindano ya mbio za nyika. * Melese Nberet (alizaliwa mwaka 2001), mwanariadha wa Ethiopia anayeshiriki mbio za masafa ya * Melese Nberet (alizaliwa mwaka 2001), mwanariadha wa Ethiopia anayeshiriki mbio za masafa ya kati. ==== Jina la ukoo ==== * Mahlet Melese (alizaliwa mwaka 1990), mwanariadha wa Ethiopia anayeshiriki mbio za masafa marefu. * Yebrgual Melese (1990–2026), mwanariadha wa Ethiopia aliyeshiriki mbio za masafa marefu.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2012/aug/21/meles-zenawi-dropout-prime-minister</ref><ref><nowiki>https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ethiopia-meles-idUSBRE87K04K20120827/</nowiki></ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika]] <references /> [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] rvr3vavvmynbqdinr0hmysweswfl5uo 1593504 1593502 2026-08-30T12:31:03Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593504 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Melese''' ni jina la kiume na pia jina la [[ukoo]] linalopatikana zaidi nchini [[Ethiopia]]. Watu mashuhuri wenye jina hili ni pamoja na:<ref>https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/95702732/meles-zenawi</ref> ==== Jina la kwanza ==== * Melese Feissa (alizaliwa mwaka 1967), [[mwanariadha]] wa Ethiopia aliyeshiriki mashindano ya mbio za nyika. * Melese Nberet (alizaliwa mwaka 2001), mwanariadha wa Ethiopia anayeshiriki mbio za masafa ya kati. ==== Jina la ukoo ==== * Mahlet Melese (alizaliwa mwaka 1990), mwanariadha wa Ethiopia anayeshiriki mbio za masafa marefu. * Yebrgual Melese (1990–2026), mwanariadha wa Ethiopia aliyeshiriki mbio za masafa marefu.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2012/aug/21/meles-zenawi-dropout-prime-minister</ref><ref><nowiki>https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ethiopia-meles-idUSBRE87K04K20120827/</nowiki></ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Ethiopia]] [[Jamii:majina]] f2wbxzkwewbrmgrjteo1r3kx83d2eok 0 247933 1593506 1593092 2026-08-30T12:32:00Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593506 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Azzouz Mahgoub''' ni [[mwanasheria]] wa [[Misri]], mwanaharakati wa haki za binadamu na mwanachama wa Taasisi ya Uratibu wa Haki na Uhuru ya Misri (ECRF). Mahgoub na Ezzat Ghoneim, mkuu wa ECRF, walitoweka mwezi Machi [[2018]] baada ya kutembelea kituo cha [[polisi]] cha [[Al-Hawamidiyya|Al-Haram.]] Mahgoub aliwekwa katika hali ya kutoweshwa kwa lazima na [[serikali]] kwa muda wa miezi [[Mitalojia|mitano.]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Egypt escalates crackdown on human rights workers|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2018/11/egypt-at-least-19-arrested-in-alarming-escalation-of-crackdown-on-human-rights-workers-2/|work=Amnesty International|date=2018-11-01|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en}}</ref> == Kukamatwa na kutoweshwa kwa lazima == Mahgoub, mwanaharakati wa haki za [[binadamu]], anatetea waathirika wa kukamatwa kiholela na serikali, kutoweshwa kwa lazima na mateso ya polisi. Siku moja mwezi Machi [[2018]], Mahgoub alikwenda katika kituo cha polisi cha Al-Haram kumtetea Mona Mahmoud, ambaye alikuwa amekamatwa na kuzuiliwa kwa kushiriki katika makala ya [[BBC]] kuhusu kutoweshwa kwa lazima, ambapo alisimulia kuhusu kutekwa nyara na kubakwa mara kwa mara. Mahgoub na mkuu wa Taasisi ya Uratibu wa Haki na Uhuru ya Misri, Ezzat Ghoneim, walikamatwa na kutoweshwa na polisi kwa muda wa miezi mitano.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Egypt: at least 19 human rights activists arrested in 'chilling' new crackdown|url=https://www.amnesty.org.uk/knowledge-hub/all-resources/egypt-least-19-human-rights-activists-arrested-chilling-new-crackdown/|work=Amnesty International UK|date=2018-11-01|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-gb}}</ref> Rufaa ya kundi la mashirika 21 ya kimataifa na ya ndani kwa mamlaka za Misri kuwaachilia wanaume hao wawili ilipuuzwa. Wakati wawili hao walipokuwa bado wanashikiliwa katika eneo lisilojulikana, polisi waliwatangaza kuwa wanatafutwa. Wiki mbili baadaye, [[polisi]] walimfikisha Mahgoub katika Mahakama ya Jinai ya Misri, ambapo alipelekwa katika Gereza la Al-Giza. Wiki moja baadaye, gereza liliiarifu [[familia]] yake kwamba Mahgoub alikuwa amepatwa na mshtuko wa neva.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Calls for Egypt to release disappeared lawyer after ‘nervous breakdown’|url=https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20190312-calls-for-egypt-to-release-disappeared-lawyer-after-nervous-breakdown/|work=Middle East Monitor|date=2019-03-12|accessdate=2026-08-29}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/B-8-2018-0578_EN.html|work=www.europarl.europa.eu|accessdate=2026-08-29}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} [[Jamii:Wanaume wa Misri]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Misri]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] hu783moht48obumyf7hsr9orhmfamab 0 247934 1593507 1593093 2026-08-30T12:33:10Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593507 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ama Governor''' (alizaliwa [[22 Agosti]] 1998) alisoma katika [[Shule]] ya [[Corpus Christi, Texas|Corpus Christi]] na kuhitimu [[mwaka]] 2013. Pia alihitimu katika [[Shule]] ya Upili ya Achimota [[mwaka]] 2016. Baadaye, alisoma na kuhitimu katika Kitivo cha [[Sheria]] cha [[Chuo]] Kikuu cha [[Ghana (Mbeya mjini)|Ghana]] mwaka 2020, ambapo alitunukiwa shahada yake ya Sheria (L.L.B). Hatimaye, alihitimu katika [[Shule]] ya [[Sheria]] ya [[Ghana]] [[mwaka]] 2022 na kupokelewa rasmi kwenye [[Chama]] cha [[Mwanasheria|Wanasheria]] cha [[Ghana]] (Bar) mwaka 2024.KaziAliapishwa na kupokelewa rasmi kwenye [[Chama]] cha [[Mwanasheria|Wanasheria]] cha [[Ghana]] mnamo Mei 31, 2024, pamoja na watahiniwa wengine 181 kutoka [[Shule]] ya Sheria ya [[Ghana]]. Hafla hiyo ndogo ya uandikishwaji wa [[mwaka]] 2024 ilifanyika katika Kituo cha Mikutano cha Kimataifa cha Accra (AICC).MigogoroMnamo [[Novemba]] 2022, Baraza Kuu la [[Sheria]] la [[Ghana]] liliamua kusitisha kwa muda mchakato wa Ama wa kuingizwa kwenye Chama cha [[Mwanasheria|Wanasheria]]. Hatua hii ilitokana na malalamiko yaliyowasilishwa dhidi yake na mtu asiyejulikana. Malalamiko hayo yalieleza kuwa '''Ama''' alionekana kwenye [[video]] mbalimbali akifanya vitendo vilivyotafsiriwa kama "[[mwenendo]] usiofaa kwa mwombaji anayetaka kuwa [[mwanasheria]]." Kwa sababu hiyo, uandikishwaji wake ulishikiliwa kwa muda.<ref>{{Cite web|title=5 sultry photos of embattled law student Ama Governor (Photos) {{!}} Ghanaguardian.com|url=https://ghanaguardian.com/5-sultry-photos-of-embattled-law-student-ama-governor-photos/|date=2022-11-10|accessdate=2026-08-29|author=Prince Antwi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Richard Sky denies involvement in Ama Governor's call to bar complaint - AmeyawDebrah.com|url=https://ameyawdebrah.com/richard-sky-denies-involvement-in-ama-governors-call-to-bar-complaint/|date=2022-11-10|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-US|author=zeinat}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Law Student who passed all exams allegedly denied GH Bar Call over ‘sexy’ TikTok image, piercings|url=https://www.mynewsgh.com/law-student-who-passed-all-exams-allegedly-denied-gh-bar-call-over-sexy-tiktok-image-piercings/|work=MyNewsGh|date=2022-11-09|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-US|author=MyNewsGH}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Ghanaian YouTuber’s call to the Bar on hold for 'lack of good character' - MyJoyOnline|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/ghanaian-youtubers-call-to-the-bar-on-hold-for-lack-of-good-character/|date=2022-11-09|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1998]] [[Jamii:wanasheria wa Marekani]] lmxp5od3jzsnahnrzziyu2i2q74ctcv 0 247935 1593508 1593099 2026-08-30T12:33:50Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593508 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Dr Chaloka Beyani (5226610152).jpg|thumb|Chaloka Beyani]] '''Chaloka Beyani''' ni [[mwanasheria]] na msomi wa [[sheria]] kutoka nchini [[Zambia]]. Yeye ni Mshauri Maalum kuhusu Uzuiaji wa [[Mauaji]] ya Kimbari kwa [[Katibu mkuu|Katibu Mkuu]] wa [[Umoja wa Mataifa]] na pia ni Naibu Katibu Mkuu wa Umoja wa Mataifa. Hapo awali, alikuwa [[profesa]] mshiriki wa [[sheria]] za kimataifa katika [[Shule]] ya [[Uchumi]] na [[Sayansi]] ya [[Siasa]] ya [[London]] (LSE). Amefanya [[kazi]] na kuchapisha maandiko mengi katika nyanja za sheria za kimataifa za [[haki]] za [[binadamu]], sheria za kimataifa za makosa ya [[jinai]], na sheria za kimataifa za kibinadamu, pamoja na masuala yanayohusiana na misaada ya kibinadamu na watu waliokimbishwa makazi yao, hasa wakimbizi wa ndani ya nchi.<ref><nowiki>https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/personnel-appointments/2025-08-22/mr-chaloka-beyani-of-zambia-special-adviser-the-prevention-of-genocide</nowiki></ref><ref><nowiki>https://www.lse.ac.uk/people/chaloka-beyani</nowiki></ref><ref><nowiki>https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4015789?ln=en&v=pdf</nowiki></ref> == Marejeo == <references />{{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Zambia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 28ctq6g0s8qsa9clvh0ddidxj4q0quv 0 247936 1593509 1593259 2026-08-30T12:34:34Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593509 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person|picha=Habiba Rezwana Osman.jpg|jina la kuzaliwa=Habiba Rezwana Osman|kazi_yake=Mwanasheria|elimu=Chuo Kikuu cha Keele (LLB) Notre Dame Law School (LLM)}} '''Habiba Rezwana Osman''' ni [[mwanasheria]] kutoka [[Malawi]] anayejihusisha na masuala ya [[haki za binadamu]], usawa wa kijinsia na utawala [[bora]]. Anafanya kazi katika ofisi ya Umoja wa Mataifa (UN, Women) nchini [[Malawi]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=‘One-on-one’ with Habiba Osman: Militant civil rights defender, human trafficking expert - Columns News Malawi {{!}} Nyasa Times|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/one-on-one-with-habiba-osman-militant-civil-rights-defender-human-trafficking-expert/|date=2012-10-31|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-GB|author=Nyasa Times Reporter}}</ref> Tangu Novemba [[2020]], amekuwa akihudumu kama [[Katibu]] Mtendaji wa Tume ya [[Haki]] za Binadamu ya [[Malawi]] (Malawi Human Rights Commission – MHRC). Katika nafasi hiyo, anahusika na kukuza na kulinda haki za binadamu nchini [[Malawi]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=‘One-on-one’ with Habiba Osman: Militant civil rights defender, human trafficking expert - Columns News Malawi {{!}} Nyasa Times|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/one-on-one-with-habiba-osman-militant-civil-rights-defender-human-trafficking-expert/|date=2012-10-31|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-GB|author=Nyasa Times Reporter}}</ref> == Maisha ya Awali na Elimu == '''Habiba Osman''' alikulia [[Malawi]] na alisoma A-Level nchini [[Zimbabwe]]. Alisoma '''[[Sheria]]''' na '''[[Historia]]''' ya Kimataifa katika chuo kikuu cha Keele, [[Uingereza]], na baadaye akapata LLM ya [[Sheria]] za Kimataifa za Haki za Binadamu kutoka Notre Dame Law School, Marekani, kupitia Fulbright Scholarship.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=‘One-on-one’ with Habiba Osman: Militant civil rights defender, human trafficking expert - Columns News Malawi {{!}} Nyasa Times|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/one-on-one-with-habiba-osman-militant-civil-rights-defender-human-trafficking-expert/|date=2012-10-31|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-GB|author=Nyasa Times Reporter}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Law profiles - Profiling Women Malawi|url=https://profilingwomenmw.org/law-profiles/|work=profilingwomenmw.org|date=2021-09-07|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Big interview with Habiba Osman – Nation Online|url=https://mwnation.com/big-interview-with-habiba-osman/|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Malawi]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Malawi]] atp570sbg3tgylnvbx1vqolmd17c5we 0 247937 1593510 1593097 2026-08-30T12:35:02Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Amymusu k jones]] hadi [[Amymusu K. Jones]]: usahihi wa jina 1593097 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Amymusu K. Jones ('''takriban [[1948]][[_2018]]) alikuwa [[mwanasheria]] na [[hakimu]] kutoka [[Liberia]].Alikuwa [[mwanamke]] wa [[kwanza]] kuteuliwa kuwa hakimu wa [[mahakama]] ya mwanzo ya Monrovia.mwaka [[1994]],pia alikuwa [[jaji]] mkuu wa muda mrefuzaidi Mahakama ya Mzunguko katika kaunti ya '''Grand Cape Mount'''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Verifying connection|url=https://www.safeabortionwomensright.org/news/algeria-abortion-has-not-been-legalised-in-algeria/|work=www.safeabortionwomensright.org|accessdate=2026-08-29}}</ref> Alistaafu utumishi mwaka 2018 na alikufa siku 30 baada ya kustaafu<ref>{{Cite web|title=LIBERIA LOST FIRST FEMALE MAGISTRATE|url=https://judiciary.gov.lr/liberia-has-lost-her-first-female-who-became-magistrate/|work=Supreme Court of Liberia|date=2018-09-10|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-US|author=Web2 · September 10, 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1948]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Liberia]] 5fmalm0qs7zrilyidfvva29efmsh9ln 1593512 1593510 2026-08-30T12:36:19Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593512 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Amymusu K. Jones''' (takriban [[1948]] - [[2018]]) alikuwa [[mwanasheria]] na [[hakimu]] kutoka [[Liberia]]. Alikuwa [[mwanamke]] wa kwanza kuteuliwa kuwa hakimu wa [[mahakama]] ya mwanzo ya Monrovia mwaka [[1994]]. Pia alikuwa [[jaji]] mkuu wa muda mrefuzaidi Mahakama ya Mzunguko katika kaunti ya '''Grand Cape Mount'''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Verifying connection|url=https://www.safeabortionwomensright.org/news/algeria-abortion-has-not-been-legalised-in-algeria/|work=www.safeabortionwomensright.org|accessdate=2026-08-29}}</ref> Alistaafu utumishi mwaka 2018 na alifaRIKI siku 30 baada ya kustaafu<ref>{{Cite web|title=LIBERIA LOST FIRST FEMALE MAGISTRATE|url=https://judiciary.gov.lr/liberia-has-lost-her-first-female-who-became-magistrate/|work=Supreme Court of Liberia|date=2018-09-10|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-US|author=Web2 · September 10, 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1948]] [[Jamii:waliofariki 2018]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Liberia]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Liberia]] qwkcoh5ofxn0d9s500tl9bw3wis33xw 0 247938 1593515 1593098 2026-08-30T12:37:27Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593515 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Ligia Fonseca.jpg|thumb|'''Ligia Fonseca''']] '''Lígia Arcângela Lubrino Dias Fonseca''' (alizaliwa 24 Agosti 1963) ni [[mwanasheria]], [[mwanaharakati]] na mwanasiasa wa Cape Verde. Alihudumu kama Mke wa Rais wa Cape Verde kuanzia mwaka 2011 hadi 2021. [[Mwaka]] 2001, Fonseca alikuwa [[mwanamke]] wa kwanza kuwa [[Raisi]] wa Chama cha Mawakili cha Cape Verde (OAC), ambacho ni chombo cha kitaifa kinachowakilisha na kusimamia [[taaluma]] ya uwakili nchini humo. Ameolewa na Jorge Carlos Fonseca, ambaye aliwahi kuwa Raisi '''wa [[Cape Verde]]'''.<ref>https://verdade.co.mz/africa/21754-presidente-eleito-de-cabo-verde-e-genro-de-maximo-dias</ref>[https://www.ordens.presidencia.pt/?idc=154/]<ref>https://www.ordens.presidencia.pt/?idc=154/</ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Cabo Verde]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1963]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Cabo Verde]] t865ylen5dj6teneai36rp7mlkccgfv 0 247939 1593517 1593100 2026-08-30T12:38:31Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593517 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alfred Mangena''' (takribani [[1879]]–[[1924]]) alikuwa mwanasheria, mwanaharakati wa kisiasa na mwandishi wa habari wa Afrika Kusini. Anatambuliwa kuwa miongoni mwa mawakili Waafrika [[Weusi]] wa mwanzo kabisa waliokubaliwa kufanya kazi ya [[sheria]] nchini [[Afrika Kusini]], na pia alikuwa mmoja wa viongozi muhimu katika harakati za awali za utaifa wa Kiafrika. Mangena alikuwa miongoni mwa viongozi waanzilishi wa South African Native National Congress (SANNC), ambayo baadaye ilibadilishwa jina na kuwa African National Congress (ANC). {{BD|1879|1924}} [[Jamii:wanaume wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:wanasheria wa Afrika Kusini]] fb55a9z3t7suxtxma5j7k69q5rbxm7c 0 247940 1593519 1593101 2026-08-30T12:40:16Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593519 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Antoinette Montaigne''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] mwenye uraia pacha wa [[Ufaransa]] na [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]]. [[Mwanasheria]] huyo ambaye ni mtaalamu wa haki za [[Mtoto|watoto]], alihudumu kama [[diwani]] wa [[mji]] katika vitongoji vya [[Paris]] nchini [[Ufaransa]]. Mnamo [[mwaka]] 2014, Montaigne alialikwa katika Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati kuwa [[Waziri]] wa Mawasiliano, [[Elimu]] ya Uraia, Mazungumzo, na Maridhiano ya Kitaifa katika [[serikali]] ya mpito. Alibaki huko hata baada ya kuondoka [[Serikali|serikalini]] na sasa anaendesha [[Chuo cha Amani]] cha [[Afrika ya Kati]]. == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Ufaransa]] hf88p1grrpblsi55y2mz0cc6nbww1rh 0 247941 1593520 1593102 2026-08-30T12:41:40Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593520 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aloikin Praise Opoloje''' (alizaliwa 1999) ni mwanaharakati wa haki za binadamu kutoka Uganda.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Susskind |first=Richard |date=2026-09-24 |title=Praise from the original edition |url=https://doi.org/10.1093/9780197919118.002.0002 |journal=The Future of Law |pages=ii–ii |doi=10.1093/9780197919118.002.0002}}</ref> Alianza kujulikana zaidi mwaka 2024 baada ya kuongoza mfululizo wa maandamano dhidi ya rushwa nchini Uganda. Kutokana na shughuli zake za uanaharakati, alikamatwa na kuwekwa kizuizini mara tatu tofauti.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Alejandra Ancheita Selected as the 2014 Laureate Martin Ennals Award for Human Rights Defenders|url=https://doi.org/10.1163/2210-7975_hrd-0035-2014140|work=Human Rights Documents online|accessdate=2026-08-29}}</ref>Mwaka 2025, Opoloje alipokea European Union Human Rights Defenders' Award, tuzo iliyotolewa kutambua mchango wake katika kutetea haki za binadamu. Pia alikuwa mmoja wa waliomaliza katika hatua ya mwisho (finalists) ya Martin Ennals Award for Human Rights Defenders, ambayo hutambua watetezi wa haki za binadamu wanaofanya kazi muhimu katika mazingira yenye changamoto.<ref>{{Citation|last=Berry|first=Elspeth|title=9. Human Rights in the European Union|date=2025-05-15|url=https://doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198930334.003.0009|work=Complete EU Law|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-893033-4|access-date=2026-08-29}}</ref> Aloikin Praise Opoloje alipokea EU Human Rights Defenders' Award mwaka 2025 kwa kutambua ujasiri wake katika kutetea uhuru wa kiraia, uwajibikaji, haki ya kijamii na kupinga rushwa nchini Uganda.<ref>{{Citation|last=Berry|first=Elspeth|title=9. Human Rights in the European Union|date=2025-05-15|url=https://doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198930334.003.0009|work=Complete EU Law|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-893033-4|access-date=2026-08-29}}</ref>katika mwaka huo huo, alikuwa pia miongoni mwa waliokuwa finalists wa Martin Ennals Award for Human Rights Defenders, tuzo inayotambua watu wanaofanya kazi muhimu katika kutetea na kulinda haki za binadamu. == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Uganda]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1999]] 3jski2y6ge5m6n2gqfd9uywbpvib2du 0 247942 1593523 1593103 2026-08-30T12:43:56Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593523 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alice Ouédraogo''' (alizaliwa 1955) ni [[Ofisa|afisa]] wa [[afya ya umma]] kutoka [[Burkina Faso]]. Kwa [[taaluma]], yeye ni [[mwanasheria]] na amefanya kazi kwa [[muda]] mrefu na [[Shirika la Kazi Duniani]] (ILO). Ouédraogo aliwahi kuwa mwakilishi wa ILO nchini [[Kamerun]] na [[Ethiopia]], na pia alikuwa mkurugenzi wa kanda ya [[Afrika]] ya Kati ya ILO. Kwa sasa ni mkuu wa Mpango wa ILO kuhusu VVU/UKIMWI, ambapo anafanya kazi ya kupunguza maambukizi ya [[Virusi vya UKIMWI|VVU]] na kuongeza idadi ya [[Binadamu|watu]] wanaopata matibabu.<ref>https://www.huffpost.com/entry/on-the-road-to-ending-hiv_b_6547580</ref> Alice Ouédraogo (aliyezaliwa Sorgho) alizaliwa mwaka 1955. Yeye ni [[binti]] wa Mathias Daogo Sorgho, ambaye alikuwa mwanachama wa [[Bunge]] la Kimaeneo la Upper Volta ya Ufaransa (ambayo leo ni [[Burkina Faso]]) akiwakilisha Tenkodogo kati ya mwaka 1952 na 1959. Sorgho alikuwa raisi wa bunge hilo kuanzia mwaka 1954 hadi 1957 na alishikilia nyadhifa mbalimbali za uwaziri hadi mwaka 1963, kipindi ambacho Burkina Faso ilipata [[uhuru]]. Alikuwa balozi wa Burkina Faso nchini [[Ufaransa]] kuanzia mwaka 1963 hadi 1966.<ref>https://www.ilo.org/resource/ilo-and-millennium-development-goals-interview-alice-ouedraogo</ref> Ouédraogo ni mwanasheria aliyebobea katika sheria za kimataifa, akiwa na uzoefu [[Bara|baran]]<nowiki/>i Afrika na katika [[Umoja wa Mataifa]]. Hapo awali aliwahi kuwa mwakilishi wa Shirika la Kazi Duniani (ILO) nchini Kamerun na Ethiopia. Aliacha nafasi yake nchini Kamerun mwezi [[Julai]] 2006, na wakati wa kuondoka kwake alimsifu [[Waziri]] wa Uwezeshaji wa [[Mwanamke|Wanawake]] na [[Familia]] wa Kamerun, Suzanne Mbomback, kwa hatua alizochukua kuboresha maisha ya wanawake [[Nchi|nchini]] humo.<ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/200607280381.html</ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1955]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Burkina Faso]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Burkina Faso]] 05qwffyyr1nvy355rwke4rxsh0j7tz0 0 247943 1593524 1593105 2026-08-30T12:46:30Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593524 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person|jina=Amos Twinomujuni|utaifa=Uganda|nchi=Ugand|tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa=1945|kazi maarufu=Mwanasheria}} '''Amos Twinomujuni''' ([[1945]] - 15 Novemba [[2013]]) alikuwa Katibu wa Mahakama ya Juu ya [[Uganda]]<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20140324054542/http://www.ugandalawlibrary.com/ull/lawlib/justices_supreme.asp</ref> Alifungua shahada yake ya serikali MBA ya miaka miwili katika ESAMI na Chuo Kikuu cha Ufundi wa Maastricht nchini [[Uholanzi]] mwaka [[2006]].<ref>https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/glowing-tribute-as-candle-burns-out-on-twinomujuni-1558644</ref> == Maisha ya kazi == Amos alianza kazi yake ya mahakama mwaka [[1973]] kama hakimu wa kiwango cha kwanza. Baadaye, aliwahi kuwa Mkurugenzi wa Kituo cha Maendeleo ya Sheria na pia Mkurugenzi wa Mashtaka ya Umma. Mwaka [[2002]], alikuwa mmoja wa Majaji wa Mahakama ya Katiba. Baadae, aliteuliwa kuwa Jaji wa Mahakama Kuu mwezi Juni mwaka [[2013]]<ref>https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/supreme-court-judge-twinomujuni-dies-1558572</ref>. == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1945|2013}} [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Uganda]] m29zq63rdct6g3dn85s81s250w84urw 0 247945 1593525 1593107 2026-08-30T12:47:44Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593525 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Catherine Muyeka Mumma''' ni [[mwanasheria]] na mtetezi wa [[haki za binadamu]] wa [[Kenya]]. Pia ni Seneta katika [[Bunge la Taifa la Kenya|Bunge la Kenya]], akihudumu katika Baraza la Seneti<ref>{{Cite web|title=Catherine Mumma Profile: Educational Background, Career, And Net Worth|url=https://thekenyatimes.com/kenya/people/catherine-mumma-profile/|date=2023-09-11|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-US}}</ref>. == Elimu == Mumma alisoma shahada yake ya kwanza katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Nairobi]]. Alihitimu na kupata shahada ya kwanza ya sheria. Mwaka [[1994]], alisoma katika Chuo Kikuu cha Queen Mary cha London na kupata shahada ya uzamili ya sheria<ref>{{Cite web|title=NTV Kenya: Amason Kingi nominates four senators as members of the speaker’s panel|url=https://ntvkenya.co.ke/news/amason-kingi-nominates-four-senators-as-members-of-the-speakers-panel/|work=NTV Kenya|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-GB|author=NTV KENYA-NATION MEDIA GROUP}}</ref>. == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa-Kenya}} [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Kenya]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Kenya]] 14g7yozxotwb3ya88euu6ckwbl14u7b 0 247946 1593526 1593331 2026-08-30T12:48:27Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593526 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Samson Jikeme''' ni wakili wa masuala ya [[burudani]] aliyezaliwa nchini [[Nigeria]], pamoja na kuwa mjasiriamali katika sekta ya vyombo vya habari. Amewahi kuwawakilisha wasanii mbalimbali wa ndani na wa kimataifa, pamoja na [[kampuni]] na lebo za muziki kama jina Mwaka 2025, Samson Jikeme alikua mwanachama wa [[kumbukumbu]] , taasisi inayohusika na tuzo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Africans in the Diaspora: Promoting African Music, Bridging Cultures, and Shaping Global Narratives|url=https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2024/12/08/africans-in-the-diaspora-promoting-african-music-bridging-cultures-and-shaping-global-narratives/|work=The News|date=2024-12-08|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-US|author=Ademola Adegbamigbe}}</ref> == Maisha ya Awali na Elimu == Samson Jikeme alizaliwa katika [[eneo]] la Surulere, Lagos, nchini [[Nigeria]]. Baada ya kumaliza [[elimu]] yake ya msingi katika, iliyopo Onike, Yaba, aliendelea na elimu ya sekondari katika Bellina College, Akoka, Lagos.Baada ya kumaliza elimu ya [[sekondari]], Jikeme alijiunga na [[Chuo]] Kikuu cha Benin kusomea Shahada ya Sheria. Alifanikiwa kuhitimu mwaka 2012 na kupata shahada ya Sheria Mwaka 2013, alikamilisha [[elimu]] yake ya sheria katika Nigerian shule yasheria ambako alifuzu na kuwa wakili na mshauri wa kisheria.Kwa lengo la kuongeza ujuzi wake katika sheria, Jikeme aliendelea na masomo ya juu katika shule ya sheria nchini Marekani. Mwaka 2019, alipata Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria katika Sheria za [[Biashara]] za Kimataifa na Sheria za Sekta ya Burudani.Kwa ujumla, [[elimu]] yake ilimpa ujuzi katika sheria, hasa katika biashara za kimataifa na sekta ya burudani, jambo lililomsaidia katika kazi yake ya kuwa wakili wa masuala ya [[burudani]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Protecting Nigeria’s Creatives: The Role of Entertainment Lawyers – THISDAYLIVE|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/2019/12/20/protecting-nigerias-creatives-the-role-of-entertainment-lawyers/|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:wanaume wa Nigeria]] 8uysrze2wdx2076y78wkixwcphqbazr 0 247948 1593527 1593112 2026-08-30T12:50:05Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593527 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Alexander Waibale|place of birth=1952|death_place=Jinja, Uganda|date of death=2018{{!}}6{{!}}23|citizenship=Ugandan|occupation=Mwanasheria, mwanasias|profession=Mwanasheria}} '''Alexander Waibale''' (anajulikana pia kama Alex Waibale; 1952–2018) alikuwa [[mwanasheria]] na mwanasiasa wa Uganda aliyewahi kuwa [[Mwenyekiti]] wa National Consultative Council (NCC), ambayo ilikuwa [[bunge]] la mpito la Uganda, kuanzia tarehe 22 Mei hadi 16 Septemba 1980. Pia aliwakilisha [[Wilaya]] ya Jinja kama Mbunge wa [[Uganda]] kuanzia mwaka [[1980]] hadi [[1985]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Former MP, Lawyer Alexander Waibale Is Dead :|url=https://ugandaradionetwork.net/story/former-speaker-alex-waibale-dead|work=Uganda Radionetwork|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en}}</ref> == Katika maisha yake ya kikazi == Alexander Waibale alikuwa mwanasheria aliyefanya kazi mjini Jinja na pia aliwahi kuwa Naibu [[Meya]] wa [[Jinja]] baada ya kuteuliwa na Waziri wa Serikali za Mitaa katika [[serikali]] ya Uganda National Liberation Front (UNLF), iliyokuja madarakani baada ya kuangushwa kwa Idi Amin. Baadaye alichaguliwa kuwa mjumbe wa National Consultative Council (NCC) akiwakilisha Jinja District, ambapo alipata kura 39 kati ya kura 42 kutoka kwa madiwani wa [[wilaya]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Prominent lawyer and former MP Alex Waibale is dead|url=https://pmldaily.com/news/2018/06/prominent-lawyer-and-former-mp-alex-waibale-is-dead.html|work=PML Daily|date=2018-06-24|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-US}}</ref> == Kujiuzilu == Waibale alijiuzulu tarehe 16 Septemba [[1980]] baada ya kuhudumu kwa takribani miezi minne. Katika mahojiano aliyofanya na Daily Monitor mwaka [[2018]], alisema kuwa alijiuzulu kwa kuzingatia misingi na [[kanuni]] zake, kwa sababu hakutaka kushinikizwa. Alieleza kuwa kama [[Spika]], alipaswa kuwa huru na asiyeegemea upande wowote.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pressure from Executive forces speaker Waibale to resign|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/people-power/pressure-from-executive-forces-speaker-waibale-to-resign-1743078|work=Monitor|date=2021-01-09|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en}}</ref> == Kazi za Baadaye == Waibale aliendelea kufanya kazi ya uwakili mjini Jinja akiwa Mshirika Mkuu wa [[Usimamizi]]. wa Waibale Advocates. Baadaye alihudumu kama Mwenyekiti wa [[Bodi]] ya Ardhi ya [[Wilaya]] ya Jinja. Mwaka 2017, alifika mbele ya Tume ya Uchunguzi kuhusu Masuala ya [[Ardhi]], iliyoongozwa na Jaji Catherine Bamugemereire, kuhusiana na madai kuhusu usimamizi wa hati za ardhi zilizokuwa chini ya usimamizi wa bodi hiyo. Waibale alikanusha kuhusika katika udanganyifu wowote.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pressure from Executive forces speaker Waibale to resign|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/people-power/pressure-from-executive-forces-speaker-waibale-to-resign-1743078|work=Monitor|date=2021-01-09|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1952|2018}} [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Uganda]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Uganda]] qoqy9lp40epefyzdfp2ns71k2dmul5a 0 247949 1593536 1593252 2026-08-30T13:46:37Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593536 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Francois Beukman ANC MP.jpg|thumb|Francois Beukman]] '''Francois Beukman''' ni wakili wa [[Afrika Kusini]] na alikuwa mwanasiasa aliyetumikia kama Mbunge wa Bunge la Kitaifa la Afrika Kusini kuanzia mwaka 1999 hadi [[2009]], na tena kuanzia mwaka [[2014]] hadi [[2019]]. Alichaguliwa kuingia Bungeni kwa mara ya kwanza mnamo mwaka 1999 akiwa mwanachama wa chama cha ''New National Party'' (NNP)—ambacho kwa sasa hakipo—na alihudumu kama Mwenyekiti wa Kamati ya Kudumu ya Hesabu za Serikali (''SCOPA'') kuanzia mwaka 2001 hadi 2004. Beukman alijiunga na chama cha ''African National Congress'' (ANC) mnamo mwaka 2005 wakati NNP ilipovunjwa na kuunganishwa na ANC. Baada ya kuondoka bungeni mwaka [[2009]], alihudumu kama Mkurugenzi Mtendaji wa [[Idara]] ya Malalamiko Huru ya Polisi (''Independent Complaints Directorate'') kuanzia mwaka 2009 hadi 2012. Beukman alichaguliwa tena kujiunga na [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa mnamo mwaka 2014 na kuteuliwa kuwa Mwenyekiti wa Kamati ya Mambo ya Polisi. Aliachana na shughuli za [[Bunge]] mwaka 2019 kufuatia uchaguzi mkuu baada ya kutochaguliwa tena, na kisha kurejea kwenye kazi yake ya sheria na ushauri wa uongozi wa umma.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Morkel had no choice - NNP|url=https://www.news24.com/morkel-had-no-choice-nnp-20011110|work=News24|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Morkel had no choice - NNP|url=https://www.news24.com/morkel-had-no-choice-nnp-20011110|work=News24|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] lguqp311tm48s5i6t1b0aivdyv2rcdj 0 247950 1593537 1593120 2026-08-30T13:47:29Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593537 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Catherine Bamugemereire''' ni [[mwanasheria]] na jaji wa [[Uganda]] aliyeteuliwa kuwa mjumbe wa [[Mahakama]] Kuu Zaidi ya [[Uganda]] mnamo [[Januari]] 17, 2024. Kabla ya hapo, kuanzia [[mwaka]] 2015 hadi [[Januari]] 2024, alihudumu kama [[Jaji]] wa [[Mahakama]] ya Rufaa ya [[Uganda]], ambayo pia hufanya kazi kama [[Mahakama]] ya [[Katiba]] ya [[Uganda]]. == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:wanasheria wa Uganda]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Uganda]] sahp87h9x7qn7sqfid4lc1vloxa0y5p 0 247951 1593538 1593122 2026-08-30T13:48:02Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Alexious kamngila]] hadi [[Alexious Kamangila]]: usahihi wa jina 1593122 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alexious''' '''kamangila''' ni [[mwanasheria]] na mtetezi wa haki za kibinadamua aliye julikana kwa kutoka tuhuma hazarani kuhusu vitendo vya [[Rushwa]] ndani ya [[Mahakama]] na taaluma ya [[Sheria]] nchini [[Malawi]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=AACC stands with Kamangila, urges Malawi Govt to protect corruption whistle-blowers|url=https://malawi24.com/2025/02/13/aacc-stands-with-kamangila-urges-malawi-govt-to-protect-corruption-whistle-blowers/|work=Malawi24|date=2025-02-13|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-GB|author=Archangel Nzangaya}}</ref> [[Kazi]] Kamangila alijulikana kwa umma kitaifa nchini [[Malawi]] mwaka [[2024]] baada ya kutoa hadharani madai ya kuwepo kwa vitendo vya rushwa vilivyowahusisha baadhi ya wanachama wa [[Mahakama]] na sekta ya sheria nchini humo. Kwa mujibu wa taarifa za vyombo vya habari, madai yake yalisababisha mjadala mkubwa wa umma pamoja na kauli na hatua mbalimbali kutoka kwa mashirika ya kiraia na taasisi za kitaaluma.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Whistleblower Kamangila gains public support for exposing judicial corruption|url=https://malawi24.com/2024/10/10/whistleblower-kamangila-gains-public-support-for-exposing-judicial-corruption/|work=Malawi24|date=2024-10-10|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-GB|author=Archangel Nzangaya}}</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=Kamangila calls on Chakwera to apply decisive action to judiciary corruption allegations|url=https://malawi24.com/2025/02/27/kamangila-calls-on-chakwera-to-apply-decisive-action-to-judiciary-corruption-allegations/|work=Malawi24|date=2025-02-27|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-GB|author=Archangel Nzangaya}}</ref> == Marejeleo == {{Mbegu}} [[Jamii:Haki za binadamu]] [[Jamii:Sheria]] [[Jamii:Mahakama]] [[Jamii:Ubaguzi]] tbsfoahendyol96o60sl5k8gm93u089 1593540 1593538 2026-08-30T13:49:00Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593540 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alexious''' '''kamangila''' ni [[mwanasheria]] na mtetezi wa haki za binadamua aliyejulikana kwa kutoka tuhuma hadharani kuhusu vitendo vya [[rushwa]]ndani ya [[Mahakama]] na taaluma ya [[Sheria]] nchini [[Malawi]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=AACC stands with Kamangila, urges Malawi Govt to protect corruption whistle-blowers|url=https://malawi24.com/2025/02/13/aacc-stands-with-kamangila-urges-malawi-govt-to-protect-corruption-whistle-blowers/|work=Malawi24|date=2025-02-13|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-GB|author=Archangel Nzangaya}}</ref> Kamangila alijulikana kwa umma kitaifa nchini [[Malawi]] mwaka [[2024]] baada ya kutoa hadharani madai ya kuwepo kwa vitendo vya rushwa vilivyowahusisha baadhi ya wanachama wa [[Mahakama]] na sekta ya sheria nchini humo. Kwa mujibu wa taarifa za vyombo vya habari, madai yake yalisababisha mjadala mkubwa wa umma pamoja na kauli na hatua mbalimbali kutoka kwa mashirika ya kiraia na taasisi za kitaaluma.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Whistleblower Kamangila gains public support for exposing judicial corruption|url=https://malawi24.com/2024/10/10/whistleblower-kamangila-gains-public-support-for-exposing-judicial-corruption/|work=Malawi24|date=2024-10-10|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-GB|author=Archangel Nzangaya}}</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=Kamangila calls on Chakwera to apply decisive action to judiciary corruption allegations|url=https://malawi24.com/2025/02/27/kamangila-calls-on-chakwera-to-apply-decisive-action-to-judiciary-corruption-allegations/|work=Malawi24|date=2025-02-27|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-GB|author=Archangel Nzangaya}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:wanasheria wa Malawi]] 4k7qf36dyrwpm0zhqq8djqeyoryf46a 0 247952 1593541 1593325 2026-08-30T13:49:42Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Polygamy in Ghana]] hadi [[Mitala Ghana]]: jina la Kiswahili 1593325 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Mitara|Mitala]] ni kinyume cha [[sheria]] nchini [[Ghana]], lakini vikwazo havitekelezwi sana. Ndoa za wake wengi ni haramu chini ya sheria ya raia, ingawa zinachukuliwa kuwa halali chini ya [[sheria]] ya kimila . Licha ya vizuizi hivi, hakujawa na ripoti za ndoa ya wake wengi iliyofungwa kisheria nchini Ghana na zinachukuliwa kuwa "de facto" haramu.Takriban 22% ya [[Mwanamke|wanawake]] wa Ghana wanaishi kwa mitala.<ref>{{Citation|last=Ankomah-Graham|first=Kobby|title=Sex, fauxnogamy and the married man|date=2015-09-08|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/sep/08/sex-fauxnogamy-married-man-ghana-polygamy|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=2026-08-29}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=rCZUw2mCXroC&q=ghana+polygamy&pg=PA86&redir_esc=y|title=Mate Selection Across Cultures|last=Hamon|first=Raeann R.|last2=Ingoldsby|first2=Bron B.|date=2003-08-14|publisher=SAGE Publications|isbn=978-0-7619-2592-7|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=Relationship trends: Ghana experience|date=2006-07-19|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/5188680.stm|language=en-GB|access-date=2026-08-29}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-siasa}} [[Jamii:Watu]] h30pscrng8eqet25be8476yxtog480x 1593543 1593541 2026-08-30T13:50:44Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593543 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mitala Ghana''' ni kinyume cha [[sheria]], lakini vikwazo havitekelezwi sana. Ndoa za wake wengi ni haramu chini ya sheria ya raia, ingawa zinachukuliwa kuwa halali chini ya [[sheria]] ya kimila. Licha ya vizuizi hivi, hakujawa na ripoti za ndoa ya wake wengi iliyofungwa kisheria nchini Ghana na zinachukuliwa kuwa "de facto" haramu.Takriban 22% ya [[Mwanamke|wanawake]] wa Ghana wanaishi kwa mitala.<ref>{{Citation|last=Ankomah-Graham|first=Kobby|title=Sex, fauxnogamy and the married man|date=2015-09-08|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/sep/08/sex-fauxnogamy-married-man-ghana-polygamy|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=2026-08-29}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=rCZUw2mCXroC&q=ghana+polygamy&pg=PA86&redir_esc=y|title=Mate Selection Across Cultures|last=Hamon|first=Raeann R.|last2=Ingoldsby|first2=Bron B.|date=2003-08-14|publisher=SAGE Publications|isbn=978-0-7619-2592-7|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=Relationship trends: Ghana experience|date=2006-07-19|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/5188680.stm|language=en-GB|access-date=2026-08-29}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{Mbegu-sheria}} [[Jamii:Ghana]] ivcnsgl5bx6iizvyzkn51fbludobwvp 0 247953 1593544 1593125 2026-08-30T13:52:04Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593544 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Hibo Samawada.jpg|thumb|Hibo Samawada]] '''Hibo Aden Diriye''' (kwa Kisomali: ''Hibo Aadan Diiriye'', anayejulikana pia kama '''Samawada''') ni [[mfanyakazi]] wa misaada ya kibinadamu, [[mtaalamu]] wa ulinzi, na [[afisa]] wa haki za wanawake kutoka [[Somaliland]]. Tangu mwaka 2011, amekuwa akifanya kazi na ActionAid, akijikita katika masuala ya [[haki za wanawake]], kusoma na kuandika, kujenga uwezo, pamoja na kuwalinda wanawake na [[watoto]] dhidi ya ukiukaji wa [[haki]].<ref>https://www.qurbejoog.com/haweenayda-hibo-samo-wadakaalinta-mutadawacnimo-ee-ay-dadkeeda-u-hayso-iyadoon-wax-mushahar-ah-ku-qaadan/</ref><ref>https://www.orchidproject.org/orchid-project-fellowship-programme/</ref><ref>https://www.telegraph.co.uk/global-health/climate-and-people/famine-stalks-drought-hit-horn-africa-aftershocks-ukraine-war/</ref><ref>https://www.araweelonews.com/human-rights/somaliland-hibo-samawada-human-rights-activist-calls-on-world-to-stop-fighting-in-ethiopia/</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Somalia]] [[Jamii:wanaharakati wa Somalia]] 5mnkne5337ajo1ezhiaxzof4nqsc2pl 1593545 1593544 2026-08-30T13:52:21Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Marejeo */ 1593545 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Hibo Samawada.jpg|thumb|Hibo Samawada]] '''Hibo Aden Diriye''' (kwa Kisomali: ''Hibo Aadan Diiriye'', anayejulikana pia kama '''Samawada''') ni [[mfanyakazi]] wa misaada ya kibinadamu, [[mtaalamu]] wa ulinzi, na [[afisa]] wa haki za wanawake kutoka [[Somaliland]]. Tangu mwaka 2011, amekuwa akifanya kazi na ActionAid, akijikita katika masuala ya [[haki za wanawake]], kusoma na kuandika, kujenga uwezo, pamoja na kuwalinda wanawake na [[watoto]] dhidi ya ukiukaji wa [[haki]].<ref>https://www.qurbejoog.com/haweenayda-hibo-samo-wadakaalinta-mutadawacnimo-ee-ay-dadkeeda-u-hayso-iyadoon-wax-mushahar-ah-ku-qaadan/</ref><ref>https://www.orchidproject.org/orchid-project-fellowship-programme/</ref><ref>https://www.telegraph.co.uk/global-health/climate-and-people/famine-stalks-drought-hit-horn-africa-aftershocks-ukraine-war/</ref><ref>https://www.araweelonews.com/human-rights/somaliland-hibo-samawada-human-rights-activist-calls-on-world-to-stop-fighting-in-ethiopia/</ref> == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Somalia]] [[Jamii:wanaharakati wa Somalia]] gw1v7yyniyokmz36uyu7akk42jv14y9 0 247954 1593546 1593126 2026-08-30T13:52:54Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593546 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eusebia Munuo''' ni mwanasheria na jaji kutoka [[Tanzania]] ambaye aliwahi kuwa [[Jaji]] wa Mahakama ya Rufaa ya Tanzania. Pia aliwahi kuwa [[Rais]] wa Chama cha Kimataifa cha Majaji Wanawake kuanzia mwaka [[2012]] hadi [[2014]].<ref name=":0">[https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/news/JPM-names-Mrema-as-chairman-of-Parole-Board/1840406-3298200-pxgfp/index.html JPM names Mrema as chairman of Parole Board | The Citizen]</ref> == Kazi. == Munuo alikuwa Jaji wa kwanza mwanamke wa Mahakama ya Rufaa katika [[Afrika Mashariki]]. Aliwahi kuwa [[Mwenyekiti]] wa Mahakama Kuu katika Kitengo cha [[Ardhi adimu|Ardhi]] baada ya kitengo hicho kuanzishwa mwanzoni mwa miaka ya [[2000]]. Pia aliwahi kuwa Mwenyekiti wa Bodi ya Taifa ya [[Palestina|Parole]] hadi muda wake wa kuhudumu ulipomalizika mwaka [[2016]]<ref name=":0" /><ref>[https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/news/JPM-names-Mrema-as-chairman-of-Parole-Board/1840406-3298200-pxgfp/index.html JPM names Mrema as chairman of Parole Board | The Citizen]</ref>. == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{Mbegu-Mtanzania}} [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 086mu24qa1s5vonaldzbgh2yo5qdp58 0 247955 1593547 1593268 2026-08-30T13:53:47Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593547 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Judith Uwizeye''' ni [[mwanasheria]], msomi na [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka [[Rwanda]], ambaye amekuwa [[Waziri]] katika Ofisi ya [[Rais]] wa [[Rwanda]] tangu [[31]] [[Agosti]] [[2017]] Kuanzia [[Julai]] [[2014]] hadi [[Agosti]] [[2017]], alihudumu kama Waziri wa Utumishi wa [[Umma]] na Kazi katika [[Serikali]] ya Rwanda. == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Rwanda]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Rwanda]] sw9vskwd7uzqxs551tizpezul2gag0u 0 247957 1593548 1593246 2026-08-30T13:54:21Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593548 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person|jina=Diana Angwech|picha=Diana_Angwech_TIMNATH_testimonial.jpg|maelezo=Angwech mwaka 2022|elimu=Chuo Kikuu Cha Makerere|kazi_yake=Mwanasheria}} '''Diana Angwech''' ni [[mwanasheria]] wa [[Uganda]], aliyewahi kuwa [[Makamu wa rais|Makamu wa Rais]] wa [[Jumuiya]] ya Wanasheria ya Uganda na Mwenyekiti wa Kamati ya Wanasheria [[Vijana]] katika Jumuiya ya Wanasheria ya [[Afrika Mashariki ya Kiingereza|Afrika Mashariki.]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=ALL FEMALE: Meet Four Ladies Heading the Incoming Uganda Law Society Executive Committee {{!}} CEO East Africa|url=https://www.ceo.co.ug/all-female-meet-four-ladies-heading-the-incoming-uganda-law-society-executive-committee/|date=2020-09-14|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-US|author=CEO East Africa}}</ref> == Elimu == Angwech alipata Shahada ya Sheria<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Angwech fostering careers, saving marriages through fora|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/full-woman/angwech-fostering-careers-saving-marriages-through-fora--1771910|work=Monitor|date=2021-01-06|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en}}</ref> kutoka [[Chuo Kikuu cha Makerere]]. == Kazi == Angwech alianza [[kazi]] yake ya uwakili katika kampuni ya ROK Advocates. Baadae alifanya kazi kama mwanasheria katika shirika la International Justice Mission kwa zaidi ya miaka mitano. Kwa sasa anafanya kazi kama Meneja wa Maendeleo ya Biashara katika kampuni ya Shonubi Musoke & Co. Advocates.Mwezi Septemba [[2020]], Diana Angwech alichaguliwa kuwa Makamu wa Rais wa Jumuiya ya Wanasheria ya Uganda, akichukua nafasi ya Phoena Wall, ambaye alichaguliwa kuwa Rais. Pia ni Mwenyekiti wa Kamati ya Wanasheria Vijana chini ya Baraza Kuu la Jumuiya ya Wanasheria ya Uganda, pamoja na Kamati ya Wanasheria Vijana ya Jumuiya ya Wanasheria ya Afrika Mashariki<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Women take over Uganda Law Society leadership|url=https://observer.ug/news/pheona-nabasa-elected-uganda-law-society-president/|work=The Observer Media Ltd|date=2020-09-13|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-US|author=URN}}</ref>. Angwech ndiye mwanzilishi na Mwenyekiti wa Mpango wa Ushauri na Malezi wa Alabaster. Pia ni Mwenyekiti wa Abide Family Centre, shirika lisilo la kiserikali linalolenga kuboresha afya na ustawi wa familia, lililopo [[Jinja]], Uganda<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=DIANA ANGWECH – African Bar Association|url=https://afribar-conferences.org/speaker/diana-angwech/|work=afribar-conferences.org|accessdate=2026-08-29}}</ref>. == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Uganda]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] e6a95dx7gl8vwi2yktrlq4wzfp2cfow 0 247958 1593549 1593136 2026-08-30T13:54:38Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Bernard Georges (Mwanasiasa)]] hadi [[Bernard Georges (mwanasiasa)]]: urahisi wa kuupata 1593136 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Seychelles lawyer Bernard Georges (cropped).jpg|thumb|Bernard Georges ]] '''Bernard Georges''' ni mwanasiasa kutoka Seychelles, aliyezaliwa tarehe 24 Agosti 1955. Aliwahi kushika nafasi ya Leader of Government Business katika National Assembly of Seychelles. Nafasi hii inahusika na kuratibu na kuongoza shughuli za serikali ndani ya Bunge, hasa kuhusu ratiba na mijadala ya miswada ya serikali.<ref><nowiki>https://www.seychellesnewsagency.com/articles/2661/Seychelles+lawyer+Bernard+Georges+appointed+judge+in+COMESA+Court+of+Justice</nowiki></ref> == wasifu == Bernard Georges ni mwanasheria kwa taaluma na mwanasiasa kutoka Seychelles. Yeye ni mwanachama wa Seychelles National Party (SNP) na alichaguliwa kwa mara ya kwanza kuwa mbunge katika National Assembly of Seychelles mwaka 2002.Mwaka 2015, Bernard Georges aliteuliwa kuwa Jaji wa Court of Justice ya COMESA (Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa), akihudumu katika chombo cha kimahakama kinachohusiana na masuala ya kisheria na biashara ndani ya nchi wanachama wa COMESA.<ref>"Seychelles lawyer Bernard Georges appointed judge in COMESA Court of Justice". Retrieved 2016-11-04.</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-siasa}} == Jamii == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1955]] [[Jamii:Siasa]] 58oqvghsucu3e3q5ez5i0qfehpa0ddr 1593551 1593549 2026-08-30T13:55:58Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593551 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Seychelles lawyer Bernard Georges (cropped).jpg|thumb|Bernard Georges ]] '''Bernard Georges''' (alizaliwa 24 Agosti 1955) ni mwanasheria kwa taaluma na mwanasiasa kutoka [[Shelisheli]]. Aliwahi kushika nafasi ya Leader of Government Business katika National Assembly of Seychelles. Nafasi hii inahusika na kuratibu na kuongoza shughuli za serikali ndani ya Bunge, hasa kuhusu ratiba na mijadala ya miswada ya serikali.<ref><nowiki>https://www.seychellesnewsagency.com/articles/2661/Seychelles+lawyer+Bernard+Georges+appointed+judge+in+COMESA+Court+of+Justice</nowiki></ref> == wasifu == Bernard Georges ni mwanachama wa Seychelles National Party (SNP) na alichaguliwa kwa mara ya kwanza kuwa mbunge katika National Assembly of Seychelles mwaka 2002.Mwaka 2015, Bernard Georges aliteuliwa kuwa Jaji wa Court of Justice ya COMESA (Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa), akihudumu katika chombo cha kimahakama kinachohusiana na masuala ya kisheria na biashara ndani ya nchi wanachama wa COMESA.<ref>"Seychelles lawyer Bernard Georges appointed judge in COMESA Court of Justice". Retrieved 2016-11-04.</ref> == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1955]] [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Shelisheli]] knihtz2l02dsul2ojk7cp6blhkauurp 0 247959 1593552 1593143 2026-08-30T13:56:56Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593552 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Commissioner Grace Malera in 2021.jpg|thumb|Grace Malera]] '''Grace Tikambenji Malera''' (alizaliwa [[8 Mei]] [[1978]]) ni [[mwanasheria]] wa [[Malawi]] ambaye alikuwa Mtetezi wa [[Haki]] za [[Wananchi]] (Ombudsman) nchini [[Malawi]] mnamo mwaka [[2021]].<ref><nowiki>https://mwnation.com/grace-malera-second-female-ombudsman/</nowiki></ref> == Maisha == Malera alikuwa mmoja wa mabinti waliozaliwa na Rosalia-Janet na Dkt. Willie Lipato.Alipata [[Shahada ya Awali|shahada]] yake ya kwanza katika [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha [[Malawi]] na akapata shahada yake ya [[uzamili]] nchini Afrika Kusini katika Chuo Kikuu cha [[Free State|Free State.]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.theioi.org/ioi-news/current-news/introducing-the-malawi-ombudsman-ms-grace-malera</nowiki></ref> == Marejeo == <references />{{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1978]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Malawi]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Malawi]] artbgerpzol2dbw1wsbgymqdgo2thq4 0 247960 1593553 1593138 2026-08-30T13:59:30Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593553 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alice Nkom''' (alizaliwa 14 Januari 1945) ni [[wakili]], [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwanaharakati]] wa haki za binadamu kutoka [[Kamerun]]. Anajulikana zaidi kwa kutetea haki za watu wa LGBTQ+ nchini. Alice Nkom anatajwa kuwa [[mwanamke]] wa kwanza katika [[Afrika ya Kati]] kuwa wakili. Pia amekuwa akipigania kuondolewa kwa sheria zinazofanya ushoga kuwa kosa la jinai katika eneo hilo. Nkom alianza kusoma sheria katika Toulouse School of Law katika Chuo Kikuu cha [[Toulouse]] Capitole nchini [[Ufaransa]]. Baadaye alimalizia masomo yake katika University of Yaoundé nchini Cameroon. Tangu mwaka [[1969]], amekuwa akifanya kazi ya uwakili katika mji wa Douala, Cameroon. Alipokuwa na umri wa miaka 24, alikua mwanamke wa kwanza mweusi anayezungumza Kifaransa kupokelewa rasmi kuwa mwanasheria nchini Cameroon. == Msimamo wa Kisiasa na Matukio ya Hivi Karibuni == Mwezi Machi 2020, Paul Atanga Nji, ambaye alikuwa Waziri wa Utawala wa Kimaeneo nchini Cameroon, aliishutumu taasisi ya REDHAC iliyokuwa ikiongozwa na Alice Nkom. Pia aliishutumu mashirika kama Human Rights Watch, Amnesty International na International Crisis Group kwa kile alichokiita kuwa ni “njama” dhidi ya Cameroon na vyombo vya usalama vya nchi hiyo. Tarehe 6 Desemba 2024, serikali ilipiga marufuku REDHAC pamoja na mashirika mengine ya kutetea haki za kiraia. Serikali ilisema sababu ilikuwa ni wasiwasi kuhusu namna mashirika hayo yalivyokuwa yakitumia fedha.Tarehe 10 Desemba 2024, Alice Nkom aliitwa na polisi kwa ajili ya mahojiano baada ya kuvunja muhuri uliowekwa kwenye milango ya ofisi za REDHAC mjini Douala. Hakuenda kwenye mahojiano hayo wala kwenye miito iliyofuata. Aliomba mahojiano hayo yaahirishwe hadi Januari 2025 ili aweze kuhakikisha kuwa wakili wake anakuwepo. Tarehe 18 Desemba 2024, katika kusikilizwa kwa kesi katika mahakama ya kijeshi, Nkom alishutumiwa kukusanya fedha kwa ajili ya kusaidia makundi yenye silaha katika maeneo yanayozungumza Kiingereza nchini Cameroon. Tarehe 31 Desemba 2024, aliitwa tena kwa mahojiano na kitengo cha uchunguzi wa makosa ya jinai cha jeshi la polisi la taifa.Tarehe 9 Januari 2025, Amnesty International ilitoa wito kwa mamlaka za Cameroon kuondoa kusimamishwa kwa mashirika hayo, kuyarejeshea haki ya kufanya kazi na kuyaacha kufanya shughuli zao bila kuingiliwa kiholela. Pia ilitaka matumizi ya mfumo wa haki kusitishwe katika kuwashambulia Alice Nkom na watetezi wengine wa haki za binadamu.Rais == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Kamerun]] puflvztdbk0w3t59fthjzx6lv6k07ds 0 247961 1593554 1593139 2026-08-30T14:01:11Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593554 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bertin Borna Babiliba''' ([[20 Novemba]] 1930 – [[15 Juni]] 2007) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Benin]]. Alihudumu kama [[Waziri]] wa [[Fedha]]. Alizaliwa mnamo tarehe 20 [[Novemba]] 1930 huko [[Tanguiéta]] na alipata [[elimu]] ya kimataifa.Borna alihudhuria Kongamano la [[Parakou]] la [[mwaka]] 1957 na kuungana mkono na Hubert Maga. Alihudumu kama makamu wa rais wa [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa kuanzia [[mwaka]] 1959 hadi 1960. Pia, alikuwa waziri wa kazi za [[umma]] kuanzia mwaka 1958 hadi 1960. Mwaka huohuo, aliteuliwa kuwa [[waziri]] wa [[fedha]], nafasi aliyoishikilia hadi [[mapinduzi]] ya kijeshi ya [[mwaka]] 1963. Christophe Soglo alimrudisha tena kama [[waziri]] wa [[fedha]] mnamo [[mwaka]] 1966, lakini uteuzi wake ulisababisha machafuko yaliyopelekea [[mapinduzi]] ya kijeshi ya [[mwaka]] 1967. Borna alishitakiwa kwa kuhusika katika jaribio la [[mapinduzi]] ya [[mwaka]] 1975 na alihukumiwa [[adhabu]] ya [[kifo]] akiwa hayupo nchini tarehe 7 Machi 1975. Akiendelea kuishi huko Abidjan na Lomé, Borna aliendelea kuwa mkamilifu katika [[biashara]] za kimataifa. Alikuwa [[mkurugenzi]] wa Umoja wa [[Mataifa]] (UN) kwa ajili ya eneo la Sahel mnamo [[mwaka]] 1982. Baada ya kurejea [[Beninyo wa Milano|Benin]] mwaka 1990, '''Borna''' aligombea urais bila [[mafanikio]] mnamo [[mwaka]] 1991. Hata hivyo, alifanikiwa kuchaguliwa kuwa [[mbunge]] wa [[bunge]] la kitaifa [[mwaka]] huo. Alifariki [[dunia]] [[tarehe]] [[15 Juni]] 2007.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0810871718|title=Historical Dictionary of Benin|last=Decalo|first=Samuel|date=2012-12-14|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-7171-7|oclc=764377440}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Editing Bertin Borna (section) - Wikipedia|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertin_Borna|work=en.wikipedia.org|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=Category:Members of the National Assembly (Benin)|date=2017-12-26|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Members_of_the_National_Assembly_(Benin)&oldid=817095596|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2026-08-29}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1930]] [[Jamii:waliofariki 2007]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Benin]] 410lcxla3gflwyq7ukbxkesylgh3z1d 0 247962 1593555 1593281 2026-08-30T14:02:16Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593555 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Makebi Zulu''' (alizaliwa 25 Desemba 1981) ni wakili na mwanasiasa wa [[Zambia]] ambaye alihudumu kama Mbunge wa Eneo bunge la Malambo kuanzia 2016 hadi 2021, ambapo alihudumu kama Waziri wa Mkoa wa Jimbo la Mashariki. Yeye ni mwanachama wa Patriotic Front. Kundi lake lilihusishwa na Chama cha Resolute katika uchaguzi mkuu wa 2026 Zambia.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=MAKEBI ZULU SCORES HIS OWN GO IN COURT - The Zambian Observer|url=https://zambianobserver.com/makebi-zulu-scores-his-own-go-in-court/|date=2025-08-04|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-US|author=zamobserver}}</ref> == Elimu == Alisomea [[sheria]] katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Zambia]], alihitimu mwaka wa 2005.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=PERSONALITY PROFILE OF THE WEEK: Senior Counsel Makebi Zulu - The Zambian Observer|url=https://zambianobserver.com/personality-profile-of-the-week-senior-counsel-makebi-zulu/|date=2022-10-08|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-US|author=zamobserver}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1981|}} [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Zambia]] 1li32s3kvnp33repzssxuuuxhneuyq9 0 247963 1593556 1593144 2026-08-30T14:04:42Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593556 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person|jina=Biggie Butale|tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa={{birth date and age|1972|8|3|df=y}}|watoto=5|mahala_pa_kuzaliwa=[[Gaborone]], Botswana}} '''Biggie Ganda Butale''' (alizaliwa [[3 Agosti]] [[1972]]) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Botswana]] na [[kiongozi]] wa sasa wa Botswana Republican Part [[Mbunge]]) tangu tarehe 14 Novemba 2023. Hapo awali alikuwa Mbunge wa Tati West katika Bunge la 11, kuanzia mwaka 2014 hadi 2019. Butale, ambaye alianzisha Botswana Patriotic Front (BPF) kuanzia Julai 2019 hadi Julai 2023, aliondolewa madarakani kufuatia mgogoro wa uongozi. Baadaye, alianzisha [[Chama]] cha Botswana Republican Party (BRP) tarehe 14 Novemba 2023 == Misimamo ya Kisiasa == Akiwa [[mchungaji]], Butale anajulikana kwa [[imani]] yake ya [[Kikristo]] na [[Msimamo mkali|msimamo]] wa kihafidhina kijamii. Yeye ni mpinzani mkubwa wa kuhalalishwa kwa [[utoaji mimba]], anakosoa [[ushoga]], na aliendesha kampeni dhidi ya watu wa [[LGBT|LGBTQ]] na wafanyakazi wa [[ngono]]. == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1972]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Botswana]] g2qko2xm9c8yiuf0htc0j6zjwlv9fwj 0 247964 1593557 1593145 2026-08-30T14:05:38Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593557 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ricardo Mangue Obama Nfubea''' (alizaliwa karibu mwaka [[1961]]) ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwanachama wa PDGE nchini [[Guinea ya Ikweta]]. Aliwahi kuwa [[Waziri Mkuu]] wa nchi hiyo kuanzia mwaka [[2006]] hadi [[2008]]. Pia ni [[mwanasheria]] kwa taaluma. Mangue aliwahi kufanya kazi kama mwanasheria wa Rais Teodoro Obiang. Mwaka [[2003]], aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Nchi anayesimamia Utumishi wa Umma na Uratibu wa Utawala. Baadaye, aliteuliwa kuwa Naibu Waziri Mkuu wa Pili katika serikali ya Waziri Mkuu Miguel Abia Biteo. Pia aliwahi kuongoza wizara zinazohusika na kazi na elimu. Baada ya Waziri Mkuu Miguel Abia Biteo na serikali yake kujiuzulu tarehe [[10 Agosti]] [[2006]], Rais Obiang alimteua Mangue kuwa Waziri Mkuu tarehe [[14 Agosti]] [[2006]]. Kwa uteuzi huo, Mangue akawa mtu wa kwanza kutoka jamii ya Fang kushika nafasi ya Waziri Mkuu nchini Guinea ya Ikweta. Tarehe [[4 Julai]] 2008, Mangue alijiuzulu pamoja na serikali yake yote. Alisema serikali yake haikuweza kutimiza matarajio ya Rais ya kuifanya Guinea ya Ikweta kuwa nchi iliyoendelea na yenye ustawi. Baada ya kujiuzulu, Rais Obiang aliikosoa vikali serikali ya Mangue na kusema ilikuwa miongoni mwa serikali zilizofanya vibaya zaidi. Pia alidai kuwa baadhi ya mawaziri walijaribu kuvuruga utulivu wa Guinea ya Ikweta. Tarehe [[8 Julai]] 2008, Ignacio Milam Tang aliteuliwa kuchukua nafasi ya Mangue kama Waziri Mkuu.<ref>[http://www.afrique-express.com/archive/CENTRALE/guineeequato/guineequaegvt/264gvt11022003.htm "Le gouvernement de Guinée Equatoriale formé le 11 février 2003"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080325231345/http://www.afrique-express.com/archive/CENTRALE/guineeequato/guineequaegvt/264gvt11022003.htm|date=2008-03-25}}, ''Afrique Express'', N° 264, February 17, 2003 {{in lang|fr}}.</ref><ref name="Resigns">[http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5h3tk1152vvJu02evl0dCsbOrmzNg "Equatorial Guinea govt resigns: report"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110520143833/http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5h3tk1152vvJu02evl0dCsbOrmzNg|date=2011-05-20}}, AFP, July 5, 2008.</ref><ref name="MG">[http://www.mg.co.za/articlepage.aspx?area=/breaking_news/breaking_news__africa/&articleid=280805 "President names new E Guinea prime minister"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061013042026/http://www.mg.co.za/articlePage.aspx?articleid=280805&area=%2Fbreaking_news%2Fbreaking_news__africa%2F|date=2006-10-13}}, Sapa-AFP (''Mail & Guardian Online''), 15 August 2006.</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1961]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Guinea ya Ikweta]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Guinea ya Ikweta]] ly59yqdpev7a38axovgw67le1vlbvzc 1593576 1593557 2026-08-30T15:26:10Z Czeus25 Masele 28489 1593576 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Ricardo Mangue Obama Nfubea.jpg|thumb|Ricardo Mangue Obama Nfubea]] '''Ricardo Mangue Obama Nfubea''' (alizaliwa karibu mwaka [[1961]]) ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwanachama wa PDGE nchini [[Guinea ya Ikweta]]. Aliwahi kuwa [[Waziri Mkuu]] wa nchi hiyo kuanzia mwaka [[2006]] hadi [[2008]]. Pia ni [[mwanasheria]] kwa taaluma. Mangue aliwahi kufanya kazi kama mwanasheria wa Rais Teodoro Obiang. Mwaka [[2003]], aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Nchi anayesimamia Utumishi wa Umma na Uratibu wa Utawala. Baadaye, aliteuliwa kuwa Naibu Waziri Mkuu wa Pili katika serikali ya Waziri Mkuu Miguel Abia Biteo. Pia aliwahi kuongoza wizara zinazohusika na kazi na elimu. Baada ya Waziri Mkuu Miguel Abia Biteo na serikali yake kujiuzulu tarehe [[10 Agosti]] [[2006]], Rais Obiang alimteua Mangue kuwa Waziri Mkuu tarehe [[14 Agosti]] [[2006]]. Kwa uteuzi huo, Mangue akawa mtu wa kwanza kutoka jamii ya Fang kushika nafasi ya Waziri Mkuu nchini Guinea ya Ikweta. Tarehe [[4 Julai]] 2008, Mangue alijiuzulu pamoja na serikali yake yote. Alisema serikali yake haikuweza kutimiza matarajio ya Rais ya kuifanya Guinea ya Ikweta kuwa nchi iliyoendelea na yenye ustawi. Baada ya kujiuzulu, Rais Obiang aliikosoa vikali serikali ya Mangue na kusema ilikuwa miongoni mwa serikali zilizofanya vibaya zaidi. Pia alidai kuwa baadhi ya mawaziri walijaribu kuvuruga utulivu wa Guinea ya Ikweta. Tarehe [[8 Julai]] 2008, Ignacio Milam Tang aliteuliwa kuchukua nafasi ya Mangue kama Waziri Mkuu.<ref>[http://www.afrique-express.com/archive/CENTRALE/guineeequato/guineequaegvt/264gvt11022003.htm "Le gouvernement de Guinée Equatoriale formé le 11 février 2003"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080325231345/http://www.afrique-express.com/archive/CENTRALE/guineeequato/guineequaegvt/264gvt11022003.htm|date=2008-03-25}}, ''Afrique Express'', N° 264, February 17, 2003 {{in lang|fr}}.</ref><ref name="Resigns">[http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5h3tk1152vvJu02evl0dCsbOrmzNg "Equatorial Guinea govt resigns: report"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110520143833/http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5h3tk1152vvJu02evl0dCsbOrmzNg|date=2011-05-20}}, AFP, July 5, 2008.</ref><ref name="MG">[http://www.mg.co.za/articlepage.aspx?area=/breaking_news/breaking_news__africa/&articleid=280805 "President names new E Guinea prime minister"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061013042026/http://www.mg.co.za/articlePage.aspx?articleid=280805&area=%2Fbreaking_news%2Fbreaking_news__africa%2F|date=2006-10-13}}, Sapa-AFP (''Mail & Guardian Online''), 15 August 2006.</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1961]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Guinea ya Ikweta]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Guinea ya Ikweta]] mkfzx64mwup79vh18dawipzcidyvptj 0 247965 1593558 1593339 2026-08-30T14:09:12Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593558 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person|jina=Thomas Halim Habib|tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa=Julai 6, 1963|kazi_yake=Askofu Kanisa Katoliki Misri, mwanadiplomasia wa Holy See (1998-2020)|dini=Dini ya kikristo|dhehebu=Kanisa Katoliki}} '''Thomas Halim Habib''' (alizaliwa [[Sohag]], [[Misri]], 6 Julai 1963) ni [[Askofu]] Mmisri wa [[Kanisa Katoliki la Kikopti]] na [[mwanadiplomasia]] wa zamani wa [[Ukulu mtakatifu]]. Tangu [[2020]], amekuwa Askofu wa [[Jimbo]] la Sohag, [[Misri]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Mgr Thomas Habib: en Égypte, les chrétiens ont davantage de liberté|url=https://cath.ch/newsf/mgr-thomas-habib-en-egypte-les-chretiens-ont-davantage-de-liberte|work=Cath|date=2023-06-06|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=fr}}</ref> Tangu 2022, pia amekuwa Mwakilishi wa Kitume (Apostolic Visitator) kwa [[Wakatoliki]] [[Wakopti]] wanaoishi [[Australia na Pasifiki|Oceania]] na nchi za [[Ghuba ya Uajemi]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Mgr Thomas Habib: en Égypte, les chrétiens ont davantage de liberté|url=https://cath.ch/newsf/mgr-thomas-habib-en-egypte-les-chretiens-ont-davantage-de-liberte|work=Cath|date=2023-06-06|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=fr}}</ref> == Maisha == Thomas Halim Habib kwanza alisoma [[Sheria]] katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Cairo]], akahitimu na kufanya kazi kama [[mwanasheria]] nchini [[Misri]]. Baadaye aliamua kulitumikia [[Kanisa]], hivyo akaingia [[seminari]] na kusoma masomo ya kidini katika Pontifical Urban University huko [[Roma]]. Aliwekwa kuwa [[kasisi]] tarehe 27 Machi [[1994]] kwa ajili ya Kanisa Katoliki la Kikopti. Baada ya hapo, alisoma na kupata [[udaktari]] wa [[Sheria za Kanisa]], akasimamia [[jumuiya]] ya Wakatoliki wa Kikopti wanaoishi [[Roma]]. Baadaye alijiunga na Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy ili kujiandaa kwa huduma ya kidiplomasia ya [[Vatikani]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Bishop Thomas Halim Habib [Catholic-Hierarchy]|url=https://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bhabibt.html|work=www.catholic-hierarchy.org|accessdate=2026-08-29}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Mgr Thomas Habib: en Égypte, les chrétiens ont davantage de liberté|url=https://cath.ch/newsf/mgr-thomas-habib-en-egypte-les-chretiens-ont-davantage-de-liberte|work=Cath|date=2023-06-06|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{Mbegu-Mkristo}} [[Jamii:Maaskofu Wakatoliki]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1963]] [[Jamii:Wakopti]] [[Jamii:watu wa Misri]] c870fu317ip2h9htqu1t5av7tgecupx 0 247966 1593559 1593149 2026-08-30T14:10:00Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593559 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Guilhermina Contreiras da Costa Prata''' (alizaliwa [[8 Mei]] [[1952]]) ni [[mwanasheria]], [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwanadiplomasia]] wa [[Angola]]. Alikuwa [[Mbunge]] wa [[Bunge]] la Taifa la [[Angola]], [[Waziri]] wa [[Sheria]], na [[Makamu wa rais|Makamu wa Rais]] wa [[Mahakama]] ya Katiba. Tangu mwaka 2023, amekuwa akihudumu kama [[Balozi]] wa Ajabu na Mwenye Mamlaka Kamili wa Jamhuri ya Angola nchini [[Ufaransa]], [[Liechtenstein]], [[Monaco]] na [[Uswisi]]. == Wasifu == Prata alizaliwa tarehe 8 Mei 1952 huko [[Luanda]], Angola. Alisoma [[shahada]] ya Sheria katika [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha Agostinho Neto, Luanda, Angola. Baadaye alisoma [[shahada ya uzamili]] katika sheria na [[sayansi]] ya [[biashara]] katika chuo hicho, kwa ushirikiano na Kitivo cha Sheria cha Chuo Kikuu cha Coimbra, Coimbra, [[Ureno]]. [[Mwaka]] [[1985]], Prata alianza kazi yake ya sheria katika Ofisi ya Masuala ya Kisheria. Katika uchaguzi mkuu wa Angola wa mwaka [[1992]], Prata alichaguliwa kuwa mjumbe wa Bunge la Taifa la Angola. Kuanzia [[1993]] hadi [[1999]], alikuwa Katibu wa Kundi la Wabunge wa chama cha MPLA. Kuanzia 1996 hadi 2004, alikuwa Mshauri wa Kisheria wa Kundi la Wabunge la MPLA. Prata alikuwa mjumbe wa “Kikundi Kazi cha Kuimarisha Uwakilishi wa [[Wanawake]] na Kukuza Uzingatiaji wa Masuala ya Kijinsia Ndani ya Mabunge ya [[Kusini mwa Afrika]]” mwaka 1996. Mwaka 2004, Prata aliteuliwa kuwa [[Naibu Waziri]] wa Sheria. Mwaka 2005, alitangaza kuwa muswada mpya wa Kanuni ya [[Adhabu]] ulikuwa umekamilishwa na ulikuwa tayari kujadiliwa ndani ya Tume ya Sheria na Marekebisho ya Sheria. Mwaka [[2006]], alisisitiza kuchukuliwa kwa hatua za kisheria kuhusu matumizi ya [[dawa za kulevya]] nchini Angola na alihudhuria kikao cha Mawaziri wa Sheria na [[Uhamiaji]] wa Jumuiya ya Kiuchumi ya Nchi za Afrika ya Kati (CEEAC).<ref>https://www.africa-press.net/angola/all-news/guilhermina-prata-appointed-ambassador-to-france</ref><ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/200512090133.html</ref><ref>https://tpaonline.ao/embaixadora-guilhermina-prata-destaca-a-excelencia-das-relacoes-entre-angola-e-franca/</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Angola]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Angola]] kshapg61r44gz5sj9kaur5wft52cig5 0 247967 1593560 1593292 2026-08-30T14:10:45Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593560 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Montaser Abdullah''' Suleiman Khairallah ni mwanaharakati wa [[haki za binadamu]] na wakili wa [[Sudan]], anayejulikana kwa kutoa usaidizi wa kisheria kwa waathiriwa wa unyanyasaji wa kijinsia. Baada ya kuwakilisha Uratibu wa [[Jeshi|Majeshi]] ya Kidemokrasia ya Kiraia ya [[Sudan]], alizuiliwa bila sababu na [[mamlaka]] ya [[Sudan]] na akakabiliwa na hukumu ya kifo kabla ya kuachiliwa huru kutokana na mashtaka yote mwaka 2025.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Sudan: lawyer and HRD Montaser Abdullah facing long-term detention or death sentence (joint communication) - UN SR Human Rights Defenders|url=https://srdefenders.org/sudan-lawyer-and-hrd-montaser-abdullah-facing-long-term-detention-or-death-sentence-joint-communication/|date=2025-08-15|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-GB|author=Jade Dussart}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:wanaharakati wa Sudan]] 3ewy0pfl8bq1c5buxcs63l17mqrfgy5 0 247968 1593561 1593152 2026-08-30T14:11:10Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Biyemi brigitte brym]] hadi [[Biyemi Brigitte Brym]]: usahihi wa jina 1593152 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Biyémi Brigitte Brym''' (alizaliwa mwaka [[1931]]), pia anajulikana kama Biyémi Brigitte Brym-Kekeh, ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa kutoka [[Togo]]. Mwanzoni mwa miaka , ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa kutoka Togo. Mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1960, alikua mwanamahakama wa kike wa kwanza nchini Togo.<ref>https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=LJUPAQAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y</ref> == mareje == 4976eqkm0uenlihdguh3d42gsg7u712 1593563 1593561 2026-08-30T14:12:14Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593563 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Biyémi Brigitte Brym''' (alizaliwa [[1931]]), pia anajulikana kama Biyémi Brigitte Brym-Kekeh, ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa kutoka [[Togo]]. Mwanzoni mwa miaka , ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa kutoka Togo. Mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1960, alikua mwanamahakama wa kike wa kwanza nchini Togo.<ref>https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=LJUPAQAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y</ref> == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{BD|1931|}} [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Togo]] 68cimh3e0g4a4c5j4lr6k9c25n8qlz3 0 247969 1593564 1593156 2026-08-30T14:13:21Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593564 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder | jina = Yusuf Adebori Adeleye | picha = Olubaka_of_Oka.jpg | cheo = Olubaka wa Oka Akoko | nchi = Nigeria | tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = 9 Novemba 1946 | mahali_pa_kuzaliwa = Oka Akoko, Jimbo la Ondo, Nigeria | elimu = Chuo Kikuu cha Nigeria, Nsukka | taaluma = Mwanasheria na kiongozi wa kimila | mtangulizi = | mrithi = | kuanza_kushika_nafasi = | mwisho_kushika_nafasi = |maelezo=Yusuf Adebori Adeleye}} '''Yusuf Adebori Adeleye''' ([[9 Novemba]] [[1946]]) ni kiongozi wa kimila kutoka [[Nigeria]]. Yeye ni ''Olubaka wa Oka Akoko'', [[cheo]] cha [[jadi]] cha uongozi katika eneo la Oka Akoko, lililoko katika Jimbo la Ondo nchini Nigeria.<ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2022/06/our-roads-forests-are-not-safe-from-criminals-olubaka/</ref> == Maisha ya Awali na Elimu == Yusuf Adebori Adeleye alizaliwa katika familia ya kifalme ya Okinkon, Ibaka, huko Oka Akoko, katika Jimbo la Ondo, Nigeria. Wazazi wake walikuwa Saliu Jimba Adeleye na Abisatu Adeleye. Alisoma elimu ya awali katika shule ya St. Mark's Primary School kuanzia mwaka [[1955]] hadi [[1959]]. Baadaye alijiunga na Christ African Church Central School, ambako alikamilisha elimu yake ya msingi mwaka [[1965]]. Pia alisoma African Church Grammar School huko Oka Akoko kwa elimu ya sekondari. Kuanzia Julai hadi Desemba [[1966]], alipata mafunzo katika Ikeja Police College. Mwaka 1970, alijiunga na Chuo Kikuu cha Nigeria, Nsukka, ambako alisoma Sheria hadi mwaka 1973. Baadaye alisoma katika Nigerian Law School huko Lagos na kupata B.L. (Bachelor of Laws). Aliitwa rasmi katika Chama cha Mawakili cha Nigeria mwaka [[1974]].<ref>https://tribuneonlineng.com/dont-drag-me-into-politics-ondo-monarch-cautions-apc-council-chair/</ref> <ref>https://gazettengr.com/arogbofa-olubaka-declare-support-for-aiyedatiwa-ahead-of-governorship-poll/</ref> == Marejeo == <references />{{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1946]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Nigeria]] 8wn5d0lrmer1qqun9gi07m1t75j3edg 0 247970 1593565 1593159 2026-08-30T14:14:05Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593565 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:James Akperan Orshi, OON.jpg|thumb|Akperan Orshi alikuwa [[mwalimu]], [[mwanasheria]], [[jaji]] na [[kiongozi]] wa kimila wa [[Nigeria]].]] '''James Akperan Orshi''' ([[12 Machi]] [[1925]]- [[16 Oktoba]] [[1990]]) alikuwa [[mwalimu]], [[mwanasheria]], [[jaji]] na [[kiongozi]] wa kimila wa [[Nigeria]]. Alihudumu kama Tor Tiv wa tatu, yaani [[mtawala]] mkuu wa watu wa Tiv, kuanzia mwaka [[1979]] hadi alipofariki mwaka 1990. Kabla ya kuteuliwa kuwa Tor Tiv wa tatu, aliwahi kuhudumu kama msajili mkuu na kamishna wa mahakama za maeneo, Mwanasheria Mkuu na Katibu Mkuu wa Kudumu, pamoja na Mwanasheria Mkuu wa Serikali na Kamishna wa Sheria wa iliyokuwa Jimbo la Benue-Plateau.<ref name=":0">https://dailytrust.com/benue-agog-as-new-tor-tiv-mounts-throne/</ref><ref name=":1">https://www.macrothink.org/journal/index.php/ijch/article/view/18915</ref><ref>https://guardian.ng/opinion/on-a-new-tor-tiv/</ref><ref>[https://www.scribd.com/document/597452775/Revised-student-Hand-book-2019 https://www.scribd.com/document/597452775/Rhttps://www.scribd.com/document/597452775/Revised-student-Hand-book-2019evised-student-Hand-book-2019]</ref> == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Orshi alizaliwa tarehe 12 Machi 1925 huko Tse-Kur, wilaya ya Mbatie, ambayo wakati huo ilikuwa sehemu ya eneo la Gboko. Alisoma katika Shule ya Msingi ya Gboko kuanzia mwaka [[1934]] hadi [[1938]] na Shule ya Kati ya Katsina-Ala kuanzia mwaka [[1939]] hadi [[1943]]. Alipata mafunzo katika kituo cha mafunzo ya ualimu wa msingi, Bauchi kuanzia mwaka 1943 hadi [[1946]], na katika chuo cha juu cha mafunzo ya ualimu, Katsina kuanzia mwaka [[1950]] hadi [[1952|1952.]]<ref name=":0" /> Alihudhuria Taasisi ya Elimu ya [[Chuo Kikuu cha London]] kuanzia mwaka [[1956]] hadi [[1957]]. Mwaka [[1959]], alihudhuria kozi ya [[sheria]] huko Zaria, na mwaka [[1960]] alisoma katika Shule ya Masomo ya Mashariki na Afrika (SOAS), Chuo Kikuu cha London. Baadaye aliendelea na elimu ya sheria katika Gibson College of Law na Middle Temple huko London kuanzia mwaka 1960 hadi [[1963]]. Alikubaliwa kuwa mwanasheria katika Baraza la Wanasheria la Uingereza (English Bar) mwezi Mei 1963, na baadaye akakubaliwa katika Baraza la Wanasheria la Nigeria (Nigerian Bar) tarehe 11 Julai 1963, baada ya kuhudhuria Shule ya Sheria ya Nigeria huko [[Lagos]].<ref name=":1" /> == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1925]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1990]] nizjnw6nhpnlz4csvwr4z0el6soln32 0 247971 1593566 1593160 2026-08-30T14:14:53Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593566 wikitext text/x-wiki '''[[Maandamano]] ya Angola ya Julai 2025''' yalichochewa na uamuzi wa serikali wa kuongeza bei ya [[mafuta]] na kupunguza ruzuku za mafuta, jambo lililosababisha wimbi la migomo, maandamano na ghasia katika maeneo mbalimbali ya nchi. Maandamano yalianza kwa mgomo wa madereva wa teksi katika mji mkuu, Luanda, tarehe 28 Julai 2025, na baadaye yakaenea katika mikoa mingine ya Angola.Hali iligeuka kuwa ya vurugu, ikihusisha uharibifu wa mali, uporaji na mapigano kati ya waandamanaji na [[polisi]]. [[Vyombo]] vya usalama vilijibu kwa [[nguvu]], huku kukiwa na vifo na majeruhi. Kufikia tarehe 30 Julai, serikali iliripoti vifo 22, majeruhi 197 na watu 1,214 waliokamatwa. Maandamano hayo yalielezwa kuwa machafuko makubwa zaidi na yenye vifo vingi nchini [[Angola]] tangu kumalizika kwa [[vita]] vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe.<ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/8/5/in-oil-rich-angola-poverty-hunger-and-deadly-unrest-over-fuel-price-hikes</ref><ref>https://issafrica.org/iss-today/angola-s-wave-of-protests-reflects-historic-lows-in-mpla-support</ref><ref>https://news.un.org/en/story/2025/07/1165542</ref> == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{Mbegu-historia}} [[Jamii:Maandamano]] [[Jamii:historia ya Angola]] [[Jamii:2025]] doemqbf6a8nqtuboj6z68j7kbj1wfld 0 247972 1593567 1593257 2026-08-30T14:15:24Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593567 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Godfrey Lukongwa Binaisa QC''' ([[30 Mei]] [[1920]] – [[5 Agosti]] [[2010]]) alikuwa [[mwanasheria]] na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Uganda]]. Aliwahi kuwa [[Rais]] wa tano wa Uganda kuanzia tarehe [[20 Juni]] [[1979]] hadi [[12 Mei]] [[1980]].Aliingia [[Madaraka|madarakani]] baada ya kuondolewa kwa [[Idi Amin]] na wakati wa kipindi cha mpito kilichoongozwa na Uganda National Liberation Front (UNLF).Kabla ya kuwa rais, Binaisa aliwahi kuwa Mwanasheria Mkuu wa Uganda kuanzia mwaka [[1962]] hadi [[1968]].Alipofariki mwaka 2010, alikuwa rais wa zamani pekee wa Uganda ambaye bado alikuwa hai<ref>{{Citation|last=Adenekan|first=Shola|title=Godfrey Binaisa|date=2010-10-03|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/oct/03/godfrey-binaisa-obituary|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=2026-08-29}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tracing the life of fallen former president Binaisa|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/tracing-the-life-of-fallen-former-president-binaisa-1475986|work=Monitor|date=2021-01-25|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en}}</ref>. == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Angola]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Angola]] ioyifaeyxh2hv5z3nirs7d66f7vsvz5 1593568 1593567 2026-08-30T14:15:44Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593568 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Godfrey Lukongwa Binaisa QC''' ([[30 Mei]] [[1920]] – [[5 Agosti]] [[2010]]) alikuwa [[mwanasheria]] na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Uganda]]. Aliwahi kuwa [[Rais]] wa tano wa Uganda kuanzia tarehe [[20 Juni]] [[1979]] hadi [[12 Mei]] [[1980]].Aliingia [[Madaraka|madarakani]] baada ya kuondolewa kwa [[Idi Amin]] na wakati wa kipindi cha mpito kilichoongozwa na Uganda National Liberation Front (UNLF).Kabla ya kuwa rais, Binaisa aliwahi kuwa Mwanasheria Mkuu wa Uganda kuanzia mwaka [[1962]] hadi [[1968]].Alipofariki mwaka 2010, alikuwa rais wa zamani pekee wa Uganda ambaye bado alikuwa hai<ref>{{Citation|last=Adenekan|first=Shola|title=Godfrey Binaisa|date=2010-10-03|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/oct/03/godfrey-binaisa-obituary|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=2026-08-29}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tracing the life of fallen former president Binaisa|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/tracing-the-life-of-fallen-former-president-binaisa-1475986|work=Monitor|date=2021-01-25|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en}}</ref>. == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Uganda]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Uganda]] qn2avfr5kfsizzgeuzd0wdyaj00i6yt 0 247976 1593569 1593171 2026-08-30T14:18:24Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593569 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Conceptia Liliane Dénis Ouinsou''' (21 Septemba [[1942]] – 2 Machi [[2011]]), ambaye wakati mwingine alijulikana kwa [[jina]] la ukoo '''Denis-Ouinsou''' au '''Denis epse Ouinsou''', alikuwa mwanasheria, [[mwalimu]] wa chuo kikuu na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Benin]]. Alikuwa rais wa [[Mahakama]] ya Kikatiba ya Benin kuanzia mwaka [[1998]] hadi [[2008]]. == Wasifu == Ouinsou alizaliwa tarehe 21 Septemba 1942 huko Grande-Saline, Artibonite, Haiti. Wakati mwingine alijulikana kwa jina la ukoo Denis-Ouinsou <ref>{{Cite web|title=Conceptia Liliane Denis Ouinsou a tiré la révérence|url=https://lenouvelliste.com/article/91023/conceptia-liliane-denis-ouinsou-a-tire-la-reverence|work=lenouvelliste.com|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=fr}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Feue Conceptia Ouinsou : Un parcours admirable|url=https://lanation.bj/actualites/feue-conceptia-ouinsou-un-parcours-admirable|work=https://lanation.bj/actualites/feue-conceptia-ouinsou-un-parcours-admirable|publisher=La Nation Bénin|date=2021-03-02|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=fr|author=Anselme Pascal AGUEHOUNDE}}</ref>Wakati mwingine alijulikana kwa jina la ukoo Denis-Ouinsou au Denis epse Ouinsou. .<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bénin Heads of State|url=https://www.guide2womenleaders.com/Benin_Heads.htm|work=www.guide2womenleaders.com|accessdate=2026-08-29}}</ref> Ouinsou alipata elimu katika Sœurs de la Sainte Trinité na Collège St. Pierre nchini Haiti <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Historical_Dictionary_of_Benin/a_P3EAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0|title=Historical Dictionary of Benin|last=Houngnikpo|first=Mathurin C.|date=2024-03-06|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing PLC|isbn=978-1-5381-8656-5|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Conceptia Ouinsou a tiré hier sa révérence|url=https://lanouvelletribune.info/2011/03/conceptia-ouinsou-a-tire-hier-sa-reverence/|work=La Nouvelle Tribune|date=2011-03-03|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=fr-FR|author=Charly Hessoun}}</ref> Kisha alisomea shahada ya uzamili katika sheria na shahada ya uzamivu katika sheria binafsi katika Chuo Kikuu cha Paris-Panthéon-Assas, kinachojulikana kwa kawaida kama Chuo Kikuu cha Paris II, jijini Paris, Ufaransa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Dawuni |first=Josephine |last2=Kang |first2=Alice |date=2015-01-01 |title=Her Ladyship Chief Justice: The Rise of Female Leaders in the Judiciary in Africa |url=https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/poliscifacpub/70 |journal=Department of Political Science: Faculty Publications}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1942|2011}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Benin]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Benin]] 04llcqpp6gago0ztkhqqfbz4mxws1oj 0 247977 1593570 1593172 2026-08-30T14:19:33Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593570 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:AyoShonaiya.jpg|thumb|Ayo Shonaiya]] '''Ayo Shonaiya''' ni mtengenezaji wa [[filamu]] na mwanasheria. Pia aliwahi kuwa wakala wa vipaji vya muziki, ambapo amewasimamia wasanii kadhaa wa [[Nigeria]] kama mwanamuziki wa Fuji Wasiu Ayinde Marshall, mwanamuziki wa pop D’banj, mtayarishaji wa muziki Don Jazzy na rapper Eldee the Don. Pia amewahi kumwakilisha aliyekuwa malkia wa [[urembo]] na mchezaji wa mziki wa ku rapu pamoja na mwanamuziki maarufu [[duniani]] Akon. Yeye ndiye mwanzilishi wa [[kampuni]] ya usimamizi wa burudani na vyombo vya habari The RMG Company nchini [[Uingereza]] na Nigeria, na pia ni Mshirika Mkuu wa Usimamizi katika kampuni ya [[sheria]] ya Shonaiya & Co. iliyoko Lagos.<ref>{{Cite web|title=How I managed Kwam 1, D’Banj, Don Jazzy, others –Ayo Shonaiya|url=https://punchng.com/how-i-managed-kwam-1-dbanj-don-jazzy-others-ayo-shonaiya/|work=Punch Newspapers|date=2021-03-28|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-US|author=Mobola Sadiq}}</ref> == Maisha ya Awali na Elimu == Shonaiya alizaliwa [[London]], Uingereza, lakini alikulia na kupata elimu yake ya msingi na ya awali huko Lagos, Nigeria. Alisomea [[Filamu]] na Televisheni huko Fort Lauderdale, Florida, na baadaye akasomea [[Sheria]] nchini [[Uingereza]] katika [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha Westminster. Pia ni mhitimu wa Nigerian Law School iliyoko Lagos<ref>{{Cite web|title=Watch the Trailer for Upcoming Documentary 'Afrobeats: The Backstory'|url=https://www.okayafrica.com/watch-the-trailer-for-upcoming-documentary-afrobeats-the-backstory/165252|work=okayafrica|date=2021-03-31|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-US|author=Rufaro Samanga}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu kutoka London]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Watengenezaji filamu wa Nigeria]] 5zobbw4wouevzjb2ygzij94sq8egm7r 0 247978 1593571 1593269 2026-08-30T14:20:50Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593571 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Julia Sebutinde (2013).jpg|thumb|Julia Sebutinde]] '''Julia Sebutinde''' (alizaliwa 28 Februari 1954) ni [[mwanasheria]] na [[jaji]] kutoka [[Uganda]]. Kwa sasa anahudumu kwa muhula wake wa pili katika [[Mahakama]] ya Kimataifa ya [[Haki]], baada ya kuchaguliwa tena tarehe 12 Novemba 2020.Pia, yeye ni Kansela wa sasa wa Chuo Kikuu cha Kifalme cha Muteesa,ambacho kinamilikiwa na [[Ufalme]] wa Buganda. Sebutinde amekuwa jaji katika Mahakama ya Kimataifa ya Haki tangu Machi 2012.Julia Sebutinde ni mwanamke wa kwanza kutoka Afrika kuhudumu kama jaji katika Mahakama ya Kimataifa ya Haki . Kabla ya kuchaguliwa katika mahakama hiyo, alikuwa jaji katika Mahakama Maalumu ya Sierra Leone Aliteuliwa kuwa jaji wa [[mahakama]] hiyo mwaka 2007.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Africans in the Diaspora: Promoting African Music, Bridging Cultures, and Shaping Global Narratives|url=https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2024/12/08/africans-in-the-diaspora-promoting-african-music-bridging-cultures-and-shaping-global-narratives/|work=The News|date=2024-12-08|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-US|author=Ademola Adegbamigbe}}</ref> == Historia ya Maisha na Elimu == Alizaliwa katika [[familia]] ambayo [[baba]] yake alikuwa mtumishi wa serikali, huku [[mama]] yake akiwa [[mama]] wa nyumbani. Katika miaka ya 1960, Sebutinde alisoma elimu ya [[msingi]] katika shule iliyopo Entebbe. Baadaye, alijiunga na Gayaza High School, na kisha akaendelea na masomo katika King’s College Budo. Baada ya kumaliza elimu ya [[sekondari]], alijiunga na [[Chuo]] Kikuu cha Makerere kusomea sheria. Mwaka 1977, alihitimu na kupata Shahada ya Sheria.Mwaka 1978, alipata Stashahada ya Utendaji wa Sheria kutoka sheria maendeleo huko Kampala.Mwaka 1990, Sebutinde alijiunga katika Chuo Kikuu cha Edinburgh, nchini Scotland, kusomea Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria. Alihitimu mwaka 1991.Mwaka 2009, kutokana na kazi yake nzuri na mchango wake katika haki za kimataifa, [[Chuo]] Kikuu cha Edinburgh kilimtunuku Shahada ya [[Heshima]] ya [[Udaktari]] wa Sheria.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Africans in the Diaspora: Promoting African Music, Bridging Cultures, and Shaping Global Narratives|url=https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2024/12/08/africans-in-the-diaspora-promoting-african-music-bridging-cultures-and-shaping-global-narratives/|work=The News|date=2024-12-08|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-US|author=Ademola Adegbamigbe}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1954|}} [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Uganda]] tdmwpggw5gixqv6fw1c0jeqot48bns7 1593572 1593571 2026-08-30T14:21:06Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Julia sebutinde]] hadi [[Julia Sebutinde]]: usahihi wa jina 1593571 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Julia Sebutinde (2013).jpg|thumb|Julia Sebutinde]] '''Julia Sebutinde''' (alizaliwa 28 Februari 1954) ni [[mwanasheria]] na [[jaji]] kutoka [[Uganda]]. Kwa sasa anahudumu kwa muhula wake wa pili katika [[Mahakama]] ya Kimataifa ya [[Haki]], baada ya kuchaguliwa tena tarehe 12 Novemba 2020.Pia, yeye ni Kansela wa sasa wa Chuo Kikuu cha Kifalme cha Muteesa,ambacho kinamilikiwa na [[Ufalme]] wa Buganda. Sebutinde amekuwa jaji katika Mahakama ya Kimataifa ya Haki tangu Machi 2012.Julia Sebutinde ni mwanamke wa kwanza kutoka Afrika kuhudumu kama jaji katika Mahakama ya Kimataifa ya Haki . Kabla ya kuchaguliwa katika mahakama hiyo, alikuwa jaji katika Mahakama Maalumu ya Sierra Leone Aliteuliwa kuwa jaji wa [[mahakama]] hiyo mwaka 2007.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Africans in the Diaspora: Promoting African Music, Bridging Cultures, and Shaping Global Narratives|url=https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2024/12/08/africans-in-the-diaspora-promoting-african-music-bridging-cultures-and-shaping-global-narratives/|work=The News|date=2024-12-08|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-US|author=Ademola Adegbamigbe}}</ref> == Historia ya Maisha na Elimu == Alizaliwa katika [[familia]] ambayo [[baba]] yake alikuwa mtumishi wa serikali, huku [[mama]] yake akiwa [[mama]] wa nyumbani. Katika miaka ya 1960, Sebutinde alisoma elimu ya [[msingi]] katika shule iliyopo Entebbe. Baadaye, alijiunga na Gayaza High School, na kisha akaendelea na masomo katika King’s College Budo. Baada ya kumaliza elimu ya [[sekondari]], alijiunga na [[Chuo]] Kikuu cha Makerere kusomea sheria. Mwaka 1977, alihitimu na kupata Shahada ya Sheria.Mwaka 1978, alipata Stashahada ya Utendaji wa Sheria kutoka sheria maendeleo huko Kampala.Mwaka 1990, Sebutinde alijiunga katika Chuo Kikuu cha Edinburgh, nchini Scotland, kusomea Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria. Alihitimu mwaka 1991.Mwaka 2009, kutokana na kazi yake nzuri na mchango wake katika haki za kimataifa, [[Chuo]] Kikuu cha Edinburgh kilimtunuku Shahada ya [[Heshima]] ya [[Udaktari]] wa Sheria.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Africans in the Diaspora: Promoting African Music, Bridging Cultures, and Shaping Global Narratives|url=https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2024/12/08/africans-in-the-diaspora-promoting-african-music-bridging-cultures-and-shaping-global-narratives/|work=The News|date=2024-12-08|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-US|author=Ademola Adegbamigbe}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1954|}} [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Uganda]] tdmwpggw5gixqv6fw1c0jeqot48bns7 0 247980 1593574 1593277 2026-08-30T14:22:30Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593574 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hendrik Jacobus Coetsee''' (19 Aprili 1931 – 29 Julai 2000), anayejulikana kama Kobie Coetsee, alikuwa wakili wa Afrika Kusini, [[mwanasiasa]] na msimamizi wa National Party, pia mpatanishi wakati wa mpito wa nchi kuelekea [[demokrasia]]<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=http://archive.org/details/whoswhoinsouthaf0000gast|title=Who's who in South African politics|last=Gastrow|first=Shelagh|date=1985|publisher=Johannesburg : Ravan Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-86975-280-7}}</ref> == Wasifu == Alizaliwa tarehe 19 Aprili 1931 huko [[Ladybrand]], Orange Free State, [[Muungano]] wa [[Afrika Kusini]] mji mdogo wa kilimo katika jimbo la Orange Free State (sasa ni jimbo la Free State), alisomea [[sheria]] katika [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha Orange Free State na akahitimu kama wakili. Mnamo 1968, Coetsee alishinda kiti cha Bloemfontein [[Magharibi]] katika House of Assembly, kilichoachwa wazi na J. J. Fouche, ambaye alikuja kuwa Rais wa Jimbo. Ofisi ya Magereza ikaongezwa kwenye majukumu yake.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=http://archive.org/details/whoswhoinsouthaf0000gast|title=Who's who in South African politics|last=Gastrow|first=Shelagh|date=1985|publisher=Johannesburg : Ravan Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-86975-280-7}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Hendrik Jacobus (Kobie) Coetsee {{!}} South African History Online|url=https://sahistory.org.za/people/hendrik-jacobus-kobie-coetsee|work=sahistory.org.za|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1931|2020}} [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] 6n1zdhzp2wdq78mjrot4h0x72rvu5p2 0 248058 1593595 1593381 2026-08-30T21:24:24Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1593595 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohamed Yaniss Saidi''' (amezaliwa 3 Oktoba 2005) ni mchezaji wa kulipwa wa [[mpira]] wa miguu anayocheza kama beki katika klabu ya Derthona ya Italia, inayoshiriki Serie D. Alizaliwa nchini Italia na anaiwakilisha Algeria katika ngazi ya kimataifa. == Maisha ya soka == Saidi alianza safari yake ya soka akiwa katika mfumo wa vijana nchini [[Italia]]. Baadaye alijiunga na Novara, ambako alipanda kupitia mfumo wa maendeleo wa klabu hiyo na kupata nafasi ya kucheza katika kikosi cha wakubwa. Tarehe 19 Machi 2023, akiwa na umri wa miaka 17, Saidi alicheza mchezo wake wa kwanza katika soka la kulipwa akiwa na Novara. Aliingia uwanjani kama mchezaji wa akiba katika mchezo dhidi ya Pordenone. Mechi hiyo ilikuwa hatua muhimu katika mwanzo wa maisha yake ya soka la wakubwa, baada ya muda alioutumia katika mfumo wa vijana. Baada ya kuanza kucheza [[soka]] la wakubwa, Saidi aliendelea kupata uzoefu kupitia klabu mbalimbali nchini Italia. Alitumia muda katika mazingira ya ushindani wa soka la ngazi za chini, ambako alipata nafasi ya kuendeleza uwezo wake wa kucheza kama beki na kujenga uzoefu wa kucheza dhidi ya wachezaji wenye uzoefu zaidi. Baadaye Saidi alijiunga na Derthona, klabu inayoshiriki Serie D. Akiwa Derthona, anaendelea kujenga taaluma yake katika soka la Italia huku akitafuta nafasi zaidi za kucheza na kuimarisha uwezo wake kama beki. Serie D ni moja ya ngazi muhimu katika mfumo wa ligi za soka nchini Italia na huwapa wachezaji vijana nafasi ya kupata uzoefu wa ushindani wa kiwango cha juu.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Mobile livescore - Flashscore.mobi football scores|url=https://www.flashscore.mobi/|work=www.flashscore.mobi|accessdate=2026-08-30|language=en}}</ref> == Maisha ya kimataifa == Kwa kuwa Saidi alizaliwa nchini Italia lakini ana asili ya [[Algeria]], ana haki ya kuiwakilisha Algeria katika soka la kimataifa. Ameiwakilisha Algeria chini ya miaka 20 katika ngazi ya vijana. Uamuzi wake wa kuiwakilisha Algeria unaonyesha uhusiano wake na nchi hiyo licha ya kuzaliwa na kukulia katika mazingira ya soka ya Italia. Uwakilishi wake katika timu za vijana za Algeria pia umempa nafasi ya kupata uzoefu wa kimataifa na kukutana na wachezaji kutoka mataifa mengine. Saidi anaendelea na maendeleo yake kama mchezaji kijana, huku uzoefu wake wa kucheza nchini Italia na kushiriki katika mfumo wa timu za taifa za Algeria ukimpa msingi wa kuendeleza taaluma yake ya soka.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Mobile livescore - Flashscore.mobi football scores|url=https://www.flashscore.mobi/?|work=www.flashscore.mobi|accessdate=2026-08-30|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2005]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Algeria]] 08t2fpvldjma703eiaa26zt7je9adw0 0 248105 1593592 1593460 2026-08-30T20:44:52Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1593592 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sid Ahmed Rafik Mazouzi''' (alizaliwa 1 Februari 1989) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa soka kutoka Algeria aliyekuwa akicheza nafasi ya mlinda lango. Alizaliwa Algiers, Algeria, na alianza kukuza kipaji chake katika akademi za USM El Harrach na USM Alger. Mazouzi alianza [[maisha]] yake ya soka la ushindani akiwa na USM Alger, ambako alicheza kati ya mwaka 2007 na 2011. Baadaye alipelekwa kwa mkopo katika WA Tlemcen kwa misimu ya 2011–12 na 2012–13. Katika kipindi hicho alipata nafasi kubwa zaidi ya kucheza, akishiriki katika takribani mechi 35 za ligi. Baada ya kurejea USM Alger kwa msimu wa 2013–14, alicheza tena katika kikosi cha kwanza kabla ya kuhamia RC Arbaâ mwaka 2014. == Kazi ya kimataifa == Mwaka 2015, Mazouzi alijiunga na CA Batna, ambako alitumia misimu miwili. Mwaka 2017 alihamia USM El Harrach, na katika msimu wa 2017–18 alicheza takribani mechi 15. Baadaye alijiunga na MC Oran mwaka 2018, ambapo alicheza kwa misimu miwili. Takwimu za ligi zinaonyesha kwamba katika kipindi chake na MC Oran alishiriki katika mechi kadhaa za Ligue 1 ya Algeria. Baada ya kuondoka MC Oran, Mazouzi alijiunga na MC El Eulma mwezi Oktoba 2020. Alikuwa mlinda lango mwenye urefu wa takribani sentimita 193 na alitumia zaidi mguu wa kulia. Taarifa za wasifu wake zinaonyesha kwamba aliendelea kutambulika kama mlinda lango wa kiwango cha juu katika soka la klabu nchini Algeria.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Sid Ahmed Rafik Mazouzi - Profil du joueur|url=https://www.transfermarkt.fr/sid-ahmed-rafik-mazouzi/profil/spieler/175203?utm_source=chatgpt.com|work=www.transfermarkt.fr|accessdate=2026-08-30|language=fr}}</ref> Katika ngazi ya kimataifa, Mazouzi aliwakilisha Algeria katika timu za [[vijana]]. Mwaka 2008 alicheza mechi moja kwa timu ya Algeria ya chini ya miaka 20. Baadaye alijiunga na timu ya Algeria ya chini ya miaka 23, ambako alicheza takribani mechi 16. Alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi cha Algeria kilichoshiriki Mashindano ya Afrika ya U-23 ya mwaka 2011 yaliyofanyika nchini Morocco. Mnamo 16 Novemba 2011, alichaguliwa miongoni mwa wachezaji 21 wa Algeria kwa mashindano hayo. Katika maisha yake ya klabu, Mazouzi alichezea timu kadhaa za Algeria, zikiwemo USM Alger, WA Tlemcen, RC Arbaâ, CA Batna, USM El Harrach, MC Oran na MC El Eulma. Pia alishinda Ligi Kuu ya Algeria akiwa na USM Alger katika msimu wa 2013–14. Kwa ujumla, alitumia sehemu kubwa ya maisha yake ya soka katika ligi ya Algeria, akijenga uzoefu wa zaidi ya muongo mmoja kama mlinda lango. Mazouzi anachukuliwa kuwa mmoja wa walinda lango waliowahi kupitia mfumo wa vijana wa USM Alger na kupata uzoefu katika klabu mbalimbali za soka la Algeria. Kazi yake ya kimataifa katika ngazi ya vijana, hasa U-23, ilimpa nafasi ya kuwakilisha nchi yake katika mashindano ya kimataifa.<ref>[http://www.dzfoot.com/news-10307/en-u23-les-21-joueurs-selectionnes/ EN U23 : Les 21 joueurs sélectionnés;] DZFoot, November 16, 2011.</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1989]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Algeria]] ss6ya275e5dksl76pyhqtcde9stv4p2 0 248109 1593472 2026-08-30T11:59:12Z Bigvai Muhoti 57103 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Honda N-Box''' (Kijapani: ホンダ・N-BOX, ''Honda Enubokkusu''), inayoandikwa kwa herufi kubwa kama '''N-BOX''', ni gari la aina ya [[kei car]] linalotengenezwa na [[Honda]] tangu mwaka 2011 na hadi sasa limefikia vizazi vitatu. N-Box ni gari lililoundwa mahsusi kwa ajili ya soko la ndani la Japani. Lina milango mitano na muundo wa [[minivan]], likiwa na injini iliyowekwa sehemu ya mbele. Linapatikana likiwa na mfumo wa kuendesha magurudumu ya mbele...' 1593472 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Honda N-Box''' (Kijapani: ホンダ・N-BOX, ''Honda Enubokkusu''), inayoandikwa kwa herufi kubwa kama '''N-BOX''', ni gari la aina ya [[kei car]] linalotengenezwa na [[Honda]] tangu mwaka 2011 na hadi sasa limefikia vizazi vitatu. N-Box ni gari lililoundwa mahsusi kwa ajili ya soko la ndani la Japani. Lina milango mitano na muundo wa [[minivan]], likiwa na injini iliyowekwa sehemu ya mbele. Linapatikana likiwa na mfumo wa kuendesha magurudumu ya mbele au kuendesha magurudumu yote manne. Pamoja na [[Honda N-WGN|N-WGN]], [[Honda N-One|N-One]] na [[Honda N-Van|N-Van]], N-Box ni sehemu ya safu mpya ya magari ya Honda ya daraja la kei yanayolenga matumizi ya mijini. Kiambishi '''"N"''' kilitumika awali kwenye [[Honda N360|N360]] mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1960 na katika miaka ya 1970. Wakati huo, herufi hiyo ilitokana na neno la Kijapani ''norimono'', lenye maana ya jumla ya "chombo cha usafiri" au "gari". Kwa safu mpya ya magari ya N, Honda ilihusisha herufi hiyo na dhana za ''New'', ''Next'', ''Nippon'' na ''Norimono''. Kufikia Desemba 2019, N-Box ilikuwa imeongoza kwa mauzo nchini Japani kwa muda wa miezi 28 mfululizo. Kufikia mwaka huo, jumla ya zaidi ya magari milioni 1.7 ya N-Box yalikuwa yameuzwa tangu ilipozinduliwa mwaka 2011. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Magari ya Honda]] [[Jamii:Magari ya kei]] [[Jamii:Magari madogo]] [[Jamii:Magari ya mijini]] ppx8p7ohxusaq1qawf308e6vzzodezp 0 248110 1593473 2026-08-30T12:00:06Z Castro255 89781 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Florian Adel Makhedjouf''' (alizaliwa 11 Januari 1991) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa soka mwenye asili ya Algeria aliyezaliwa nchini Ufaransa. Alicheza kama kiungo, na klabu yake ya mwisho ilikuwa Stade Lavallois. Aliwakilisha Algeria katika ngazi ya vijana. == Maisha ya klabu == Makhedjouf alianza kucheza soka akiwa na umri wa miaka sita katika klabu ya ES Vitry. Mwaka uliofuata alijiunga na US Villejuif, ambako alicheza hadi alipofikisha umri wa miaka 13....' 1593473 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Florian Adel Makhedjouf''' (alizaliwa 11 Januari 1991) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa soka mwenye asili ya Algeria aliyezaliwa nchini Ufaransa. Alicheza kama kiungo, na klabu yake ya mwisho ilikuwa Stade Lavallois. Aliwakilisha Algeria katika ngazi ya vijana. == Maisha ya klabu == Makhedjouf alianza kucheza soka akiwa na umri wa miaka sita katika klabu ya ES Vitry. Mwaka uliofuata alijiunga na US Villejuif, ambako alicheza hadi alipofikisha umri wa miaka 13. Baadaye alitumia misimu miwili katika US Ivry. Akiwa huko, aligunduliwa na Pierre Reynaud wa Paris Saint-Germain na kusajiliwa katika akademi ya klabu hiyo.<ref>[http://www.psg.fr/fr/Article/003001/Article/49266/Finale-U19-Le-PSG-Champion "Finale U19: Le PSG Champion!"]. Paris Saint-Germain - PSG. 6 June 2010. Retrieved 16 December 2010.</ref> Mnamo Juni 2010, alikuwa sehemu ya timu ya Paris Saint-Germain chini ya miaka 19 iliyoshinda Mashindano ya Kitaifa ya Vijana chini ya miaka 19. Katika fainali, Paris Saint-Germain iliifunga Monaco kwa mikwaju ya penalti 4–2. Tarehe 15 Desemba 2010, Makhedjouf alicheza mechi yake ya kwanza katika soka la kulipwa akiwa na Paris Saint-Germain katika mchezo wa hatua ya makundi ya Ligi ya Europa ya msimu wa 2010–11 dhidi ya Karpaty Lviv. Aliingia kama mchezaji wa akiba katika dakika ya 91, akichukua nafasi ya Mevlüt Erdinç. Mwishoni mwa msimu huo, klabu ilitangaza kuwa mkataba wake hautaongezwa na hivyo akaondoka akiwa mchezaji huru. === Sedan === Tarehe 23 Juni 2011, Makhedjouf alisaini mkataba wa miaka mitatu na CS Sedan Ardennes, iliyokuwa ikishiriki ligi daraja la pili nchini Ufaransa. Baada ya Sedan kushuka katika madaraja ya chini kutokana na matatizo ya kifedha, Makhedjouf aliachwa kuwa mchezaji huru mwishoni mwa msimu wa 2012–13. === Red Star === Baada ya kuondoka Sedan, Makhedjouf alijiunga na Red Star, klabu iliyokuwa ikishiriki ligi ya daraja la tatu nchini Ufaransa. Uhamisho huo ulimwezesha kuendelea na kazi yake ya soka katika ngazi ya kitaaluma. == Maisha ya kimataifa == Tarehe 17 Novemba 2009, Makhedjouf aliitwa katika timu ya taifa ya Algeria chini ya miaka 20 kwa ajili ya mchezo wa kirafiki dhidi ya Tunisia. Hivyo, licha ya kuzaliwa na kukulia nchini Ufaransa, aliwakilisha Algeria katika ngazi ya vijana.<ref>[http://www.psg.fr/fr/News/101001/Fil-info/46807/Makhedjouf-en-selection "Makhedjouf en selection"] (in French). Retrieved 16 December 2010.</ref> == Maisha binafsi == Makhedjouf alizaliwa katika mji wa Ivry-sur-Seine, nchini Ufaransa. Baba yake ana asili ya Algeria na mama yake ana asili ya Italia. Baba yake anatoka katika mji wa Aïn Fakroun nchini Algeria. Makhedjouf alianza safari yake ya soka nchini Ufaransa na baadaye akapanda kupitia mfumo wa akademi ya Paris Saint-Germain kabla ya kuingia katika soka la kulipwa.<ref>[http://www.djazairess.com/fr/lebuteur/30603 Découverte : Florian Adel Makhedjouf : «Moi aussi, je rêve de faire sortir le peuple algérien dans la rue»] Retrieved 15 April 2016.</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1991]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Algeria]] iue4f8302g11ygto53wri578evqdhic 0 248111 1593477 2026-08-30T12:04:58Z Castro255 89781 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Adel Maïza''' (alizaliwa 18 Machi 1983) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa [[soka]] kutoka Algeria ambaye alicheza katika nafasi ya beki. Alijenga sehemu kubwa ya [[taaluma]] yake katika klabu za Algeria na pia alipata nafasi ya kucheza nje ya nchi. Miongoni mwa klabu alizowahi kuichezea ni USM Annaba, ES Sétif na Al Ahli Jeddah. Katika kipindi cha uchezaji wake, Maïza alifanikiwa kushinda mataji kadhaa katika mashindano ya ndani na ya kimataifa ya ngazi ya kl...' 1593477 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adel Maïza''' (alizaliwa 18 Machi 1983) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa [[soka]] kutoka Algeria ambaye alicheza katika nafasi ya beki. Alijenga sehemu kubwa ya [[taaluma]] yake katika klabu za Algeria na pia alipata nafasi ya kucheza nje ya nchi. Miongoni mwa klabu alizowahi kuichezea ni USM Annaba, ES Sétif na Al Ahli Jeddah. Katika kipindi cha uchezaji wake, Maïza alifanikiwa kushinda mataji kadhaa katika mashindano ya ndani na ya kimataifa ya ngazi ya klabu.<ref>[http://www.dzfoot.com/joueur.php?joueur_id=823&saison_id=13 La Fiche de Adel MAÏZA - Football algérien] Archived April 30, 2008, at the Wayback Machine</ref> == Maisha ya klabu == Maïza alicheza kama beki, nafasi iliyohitaji uwezo mzuri wa kuzuia mashambulizi, nguvu za mwili na nidhamu ya kimchezo. Katika kipindi cha taaluma yake, alijijengea uzoefu katika soka la Algeria na baadaye akapata nafasi ya kucheza katika [[ligi]] za nje ya nchi. Miongoni mwa vipindi muhimu zaidi katika taaluma yake ilikuwa akiwa na ES Sétif. Klabu hiyo ilikuwa mojawapo ya timu zilizokuwa na mafanikio makubwa katika soka la Algeria na mashindano ya kikanda. Maïza alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi kilichopata mafanikio katika msimu wa 2006–07. Katika msimu wa 2006–07, ES Sétif ilishinda Ligi Kuu ya Algeria. Ubingwa huo ulikuwa moja ya mafanikio muhimu katika taaluma ya Maïza akiwa nchini Algeria. Ushindi huo uliifanya ES Sétif kuwa miongoni mwa timu zilizokuwa zikishindana kwa kiwango cha juu katika soka la taifa. Katika kipindi hicho, Maïza pia alishiriki katika mashindano ya Ligi ya Mabingwa ya Kiarabu. ES Sétif ilishinda mashindano hayo katika msimu wa 2006–07, na kufanikiwa kutwaa taji la kimataifa la ngazi ya klabu. Mafanikio hayo yaliendelea katika msimu uliofuata, ambapo ES Sétif ilishinda tena Ligi ya Mabingwa ya Kiarabu ya msimu wa 2007–08. Hivyo, Maïza alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi cha ES Sétif kilichotwaa taji hilo mara mbili mfululizo. Baada ya kipindi chake cha mafanikio nchini [[Algeria]], Maïza alihamia Saudi Arabia na kujiunga na Al Ahli Jeddah. Uhamisho huo ulimpa nafasi ya kuendelea na taaluma yake katika soka la nchi za Ghuba na kushiriki mashindano ya kikanda. Akiwa na Al Ahli Jeddah, Maïza alishinda Kombe la Mabingwa wa Klabu za Ghuba mwaka 2008. Taji hilo liliongeza mafanikio yake katika mashindano ya kimataifa ya ngazi ya klabu na kumfanya kuwa miongoni mwa wachezaji wa Algeria waliowahi kupata uzoefu wa kucheza katika soka la Saudi Arabia. Baada ya kipindi chake nje ya Algeria, Maïza aliendelea na maisha yake ya soka nchini Algeria. Katika hatua ya baadaye ya taaluma yake, alichezea USM Annaba, ambako alicheza kama beki. Baada ya kumaliza maisha yake ya uchezaji, alistaafu kutoka soka la kulipwa. == Heshima == Katika [[maisha]] yake ya soka, Maïza alishinda mataji kadhaa. Akiwa na ES Sétif, alishinda Ligi Kuu ya Algeria msimu wa 2006–07. Pia alishinda Ligi ya Mabingwa ya Kiarabu mara mbili, katika misimu ya 2006–07 na 2007–08. Akiwa na Al Ahli Jeddah, alishinda Kombe la Mabingwa wa Klabu za Ghuba mwaka 2008. Kwa ujumla, Adel Maïza anakumbukwa kama beki wa Algeria aliyepata [[mafanikio]] makubwa katika ngazi ya klabu, hasa wakati wake akiwa na ES Sétif, ambako alishinda ubingwa wa taifa na mataji mawili ya Ligi ya Mabingwa ya Kiarabu. Uzoefu wake katika soka la Algeria na Saudi Arabia ulimwezesha kushiriki katika mashindano mbalimbali na kuongeza mafanikio katika taaluma yake ya soka. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1983]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Algeria]] hozvso0e17i6u7838rfr5611ld1kzvj 0 248112 1593482 2026-08-30T12:12:10Z Castro255 89781 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sofiane Mahmoudi''' (alizaliwa 10 Aprili 2002) ni mchezaji wa [[soka]] wa kulipwa mwenye uraia wa Ufaransa na Algeria, anayocheza katika nafasi ya kipa. Anachezea klabu ya Romorantin nchini Ufaransa. Mahmoudi alizaliwa Ufaransa na amewahi kuiwakilisha [[Algeria]] katika ngazi ya vijana. == Maisha ya klabu == === Mwanzo wa kazi === Mahmoudi alikulia nchini Ufaransa na alianza kucheza soka katika klabu ya Luynes Sport, iliyokuwa ikishiriki katika madara...' 1593482 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sofiane Mahmoudi''' (alizaliwa 10 Aprili 2002) ni mchezaji wa [[soka]] wa kulipwa mwenye uraia wa Ufaransa na Algeria, anayocheza katika nafasi ya kipa. Anachezea klabu ya Romorantin nchini Ufaransa. Mahmoudi alizaliwa Ufaransa na amewahi kuiwakilisha [[Algeria]] katika ngazi ya vijana. == Maisha ya klabu == === Mwanzo wa kazi === Mahmoudi alikulia nchini Ufaransa na alianza kucheza soka katika klabu ya Luynes Sport, iliyokuwa ikishiriki katika madaraja ya chini ya mfumo wa soka wa [[Ufaransa]]. Akiwa katika hatua za mwanzo za taaluma yake, alijikita katika nafasi ya kipa na kuendelea kukuza uwezo wake kupitia mashindano ya vijana na ligi za chini. === Athlético Marseille === Tarehe 2 Julai 2019, Mahmoudi alijiunga na Athlético Marseille, klabu iliyokuwa ikishiriki Championnat National, baada ya kufanya majaribio ya mafanikio katika maandalizi ya msimu. Alisaini mkataba wa miaka minne na klabu hiyo. Kuhamia Athlético Marseille kulikuwa hatua muhimu katika [[maendeleo]] yake, kwani kulimpa nafasi ya kufanya mazoezi na kushindana katika mazingira ya soka la ushindani zaidi. Mahmoudi alitumia misimu mitatu akiwa na klabu hiyo kabla ya kuondoka mwaka 2022.<ref>[https://globalsportsarchive.com/people/soccer/sofiane-mahmoudi/7773507/ "Sofiane Mahmoudi - Player Info"]. globalsportsarchive.com. 1 July 2023.</ref> === Stade Beaucairois === Baada ya kutumia misimu mitatu na Athlético Marseille, Mahmoudi alijiunga na Stade Beaucairois tarehe 1 Agosti 2022. Uhamisho huo uliendelea kumpa uzoefu katika mfumo wa soka la Ufaransa na kumsaidia kuendeleza taaluma yake kama kipa. === Tours FC === Mnamo Agosti 2023, Mahmoudi alisaini na Tours FC akiwa kipa wa tatu wa kikosi cha kwanza. Ili kupata muda zaidi wa kucheza na kuendelea kukuza uzoefu wake, alipelekwa katika timu ya pili ya Tours FC. Akiwa Tours II, alishiriki katika mfumo wa mashindano ya Championnat National, ambapo aliweza kupata mazingira ya kuendelea kujenga uzoefu wake wa ushindani.<ref>[https://www.lanouvellerepublique.fr/tours/regional-2-m-le-tours-fc-s-adjuge-le-derby-a-avoine "Régional 2 M : le Tours FC s'adjuge le derby à Avoine"] (in French). lanouvellerepublique.fr. 10 August 2023.</ref> === Romorantin === Mnamo Julai 2024, Mahmoudi alijiunga na Romorantin. Uhamisho huo uliendeleza safari yake katika soka la Ufaransa, ambako alikuwa amecheza katika ngazi mbalimbali tangu akiwa [[kijana]]. == Maisha ya kimataifa == Mahmoudi ana uraia wa Ufaransa na Algeria. Licha ya kuzaliwa nchini Ufaransa, alichagua kuiwakilisha Algeria katika ngazi ya kimataifa. Mwaka 2018, aliitwa katika kikosi cha timu ya taifa ya Algeria chini ya miaka 17 kwa ajili ya mchezo wa kirafiki dhidi ya timu ya Mauritania chini ya miaka 17. Kuitwa kwake katika [[timu]] hiyo kulikuwa sehemu ya hatua zake za awali katika soka la kimataifa la vijana. Mahmoudi aliendelea kujenga taaluma yake nchini Ufaransa huku akiwa na fursa ya kuiwakilisha Algeria katika ngazi za vijana. Kama [[kipa]], maendeleo yake yalihusisha kucheza katika klabu mbalimbali na kupata uzoefu katika viwango tofauti vya soka la Ufaransa. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2002]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Algeria]] depxs57h7m2iabpju62se5p8fctqfz3 0 248113 1593490 2026-08-30T12:20:44Z Castro255 89781 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Rabah Mustapha Madjer''' (alizaliwa 15 Desemba 1958) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[soka]] kutoka Algeria aliyekuwa akicheza kama mshambuliaji. Anachukuliwa kuwa miongoni mwa wachezaji bora wa soka wa Algeria wa nyakati zote. Alipata umaarufu mkubwa alipokuwa akiichezea FC Porto katika miaka ya 1980, ambako alishinda mataji tisa makubwa, yakiwemo mataji matatu ya ligi ya Ureno na Kombe la Ulaya mwaka 1987.<ref>[https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/...' 1593490 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rabah Mustapha Madjer''' (alizaliwa 15 Desemba 1958) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[soka]] kutoka Algeria aliyekuwa akicheza kama mshambuliaji. Anachukuliwa kuwa miongoni mwa wachezaji bora wa soka wa Algeria wa nyakati zote. Alipata umaarufu mkubwa alipokuwa akiichezea FC Porto katika miaka ya 1980, ambako alishinda mataji tisa makubwa, yakiwemo mataji matatu ya ligi ya Ureno na Kombe la Ulaya mwaka 1987.<ref>[https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/3196013.stm African legends: Rabah Madjer;] BBC Sport, 1 September 2003</ref> == Maisha ya klabu == Madjer alizaliwa katika eneo la Hussein Dey, Algiers, na ana asili ya Kabylie. Alianza kucheza soka katika klabu ya NA Hussein Dey kabla ya kuhamia Ulaya mwaka 1983. Aliichezea Racing Club de France na baadaye Tours FC nchini Ufaransa. Mwaka 1985, Madjer alijiunga na FC Porto. Kipindi chake katika klabu hiyo ndicho kilichompa umaarufu mkubwa kimataifa. Katika fainali ya Kombe la Ulaya mwaka 1987 dhidi ya Bayern Munich, Madjer alifunga bao la kusawazisha na baadaye akatoa pasi iliyowezesha Porto kupata bao la ushindi. Porto ilishinda mchezo huo kwa mabao 2–1 na kutwaa Kombe la Ulaya. Mwaka huo huo, Madjer alifunga pia katika [[Kombe]] la Intercontinental, ambapo Porto ilitwaa ubingwa. Kutokana na kiwango chake bora mwaka 1987, alichaguliwa kuwa Mchezaji Bora wa Afrika. Katika kipindi cha kwanza cha msimu wa 1987–88, Madjer aliendelea kuonyesha kiwango cha juu, akifunga mabao kumi katika michezo 11. Mwaka 1988 alihamia Inter Milan, lakini uhamisho huo haukukamilika rasmi baada ya vipimo vya afya kubaini tatizo kubwa la misuli ya paja. Baadaye alijiunga na Valencia CF nchini Hispania kwa muda mfupi kabla ya kurejea Porto. Aliendelea kuchezea Porto kwa misimu kadhaa kabla ya kumaliza [[maisha]] yake ya soka mwaka 1992 akiwa na Qatar SC. == Timu ya taifa == Madjer aliichezea timu ya taifa ya Algeria kwa kipindi cha miaka 19. Alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi cha Algeria katika Kombe la Dunia la 1982 na 1986. Katika Kombe la Dunia la 1982, alifunga moja ya mabao yake maarufu zaidi katika ushindi wa Algeria wa 2–1 dhidi ya Ujerumani Magharibi. Madjer alicheza jumla ya mechi 87 za kimataifa na kufunga mabao 28. Pia alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi cha Algeria kilichoshinda Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika mwaka 1990, wakati Algeria ilipokuwa mwenyeji wa mashindano hayo. == Ukocha == Baada ya kustaafu kucheza mwaka 1992, Madjer alianza kazi ya ukocha. Mwaka 1993 aliteuliwa kuwa [[kocha]] wa timu ya taifa ya Algeria. Baadaye alifanya kazi kama mratibu wa vijana wa Porto na pia akafundisha klabu za Qatar, zikiwemo Al Sadd na Al-Wakrah. Alirejea katika timu ya taifa ya Algeria mara kadhaa. Mwaka 2017 aliteuliwa tena kuwa kocha wa Algeria, lakini alifukuzwa mwaka 2018 baada ya kushinda mechi mbili pekee kati ya saba alizosimamia. Baada ya kuacha ukocha, Madjer alianza kufanya kazi kama mchambuzi wa soka nchini Qatar kupitia vyombo vya habari vya michezo. Mwaka 2011 aliteuliwa kuwa Balozi wa Nia Njema wa UNESCO. == Maisha binafsi == Mwanawe, Lotfi Madjer, pia ni mchezaji wa soka na amewahi kuiwakilisha Qatar katika ngazi ya [[vijana]]. Rabah Madjer anakumbukwa hasa kwa [[mafanikio]] yake akiwa na Porto, bao lake maarufu dhidi ya Bayern Munich katika fainali ya Kombe la Ulaya mwaka 1987, pamoja na mchango wake katika mafanikio ya timu ya taifa ya Algeria.<ref>[https://www.alhurra.com/sport/2020/06/27/%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%AB%D9%8A%D9%84-%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%B1-%D8%B6%D8%AC%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1-%D8%A8%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86-%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AD-%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%B1 ""اختار تمثيل قطر".. ضجة في الجزائر بسبب ابن رابح ماجر". الحرة. 27] June 2020.</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1958]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Algeria]] omctabvxnjxv5r7jf8u8qu0uxp7180p 0 248115 1593497 2026-08-30T12:26:16Z Castro255 89781 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Nadjib Maâziz''' (alizaliwa 4 Mei 1989) ni mchezaji wa soka kutoka [[Algeria]] anayocheza kama mchezaji wa kulipwa. Anaiwakilisha MCB Oued Sly, klabu inayoshiriki katika Ligi ya Pili ya Soka ya Algeria. Maelezo yanayopatikana kuhusu maisha na taaluma yake ya soka yanaonyesha kuwa amekuwa sehemu ya soka la ngazi ya vilabu nchini Algeria, hasa katika mashindano ya [[ligi]] za ndani.<ref>[https://int.soccerway.com/players/nadjib-maaziz/79720/ "Algeria - N...' 1593497 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nadjib Maâziz''' (alizaliwa 4 Mei 1989) ni mchezaji wa soka kutoka [[Algeria]] anayocheza kama mchezaji wa kulipwa. Anaiwakilisha MCB Oued Sly, klabu inayoshiriki katika Ligi ya Pili ya Soka ya Algeria. Maelezo yanayopatikana kuhusu maisha na taaluma yake ya soka yanaonyesha kuwa amekuwa sehemu ya soka la ngazi ya vilabu nchini Algeria, hasa katika mashindano ya [[ligi]] za ndani.<ref>[https://int.soccerway.com/players/nadjib-maaziz/79720/ "Algeria - N. Maâziz - Profile with news, career statistics and history - Soccerway"]. int.soccerway.com. Retrieved 25 May 2018.</ref> == Maisha ya soka == Maâziz alizaliwa tarehe 4 Mei 1989 nchini Algeria. Alianza safari yake katika soka kupitia mfumo wa soka wa vilabu nchini humo, ambapo wachezaji hujenga uzoefu wao kupitia mashindano ya ndani kabla ya kufikia viwango vya juu zaidi. Kama ilivyo kwa wachezaji wengi wa soka la Algeria, sehemu kubwa ya taaluma yake imehusishwa na vilabu vya ndani vinavyoshiriki katika mfumo wa [[ligi]] ya kitaifa. Taarifa zilizopo kuhusu taaluma yake ya awali ni chache, lakini jina lake limehusishwa na vilabu vinavyoshiriki katika mashindano ya soka ya Algeria. Uzoefu katika ligi za ndani umemwezesha kuendelea kushiriki katika kiwango cha ushindani na kujenga uzoefu wa muda mrefu katika soka la kulipwa. == MCB Oued Sly == Maâziz anachezea MCB Oued Sly, klabu ya soka inayotokea Oued Sly nchini Algeria. Klabu hiyo hushiriki katika mfumo wa ligi ya soka ya Algeria na imekuwa ikishiriki katika mashindano ya kitaifa dhidi ya vilabu kutoka maeneo mbalimbali ya nchi. Akiwa sehemu ya kikosi cha MCB Oued Sly, Maâziz amekuwa miongoni mwa wachezaji wanaosaidia klabu hiyo katika mashindano ya ligi. Ushiriki wake katika [[klabu]] hiyo unaonyesha mwendelezo wa [[taaluma]] yake katika soka la Algeria na uzoefu wake katika mashindano ya ngazi ya kitaifa. MCB Oued Sly ni miongoni mwa vilabu vinavyoshiriki katika soka la ushindani nje ya ligi ya juu kabisa ya Algeria. Kwa wachezaji kama Maâziz, mashindano haya hutoa fursa ya kuendelea kucheza kwa kiwango cha ushindani na kusaidia vilabu vyao kufikia malengo ya msimu. == Ligi ya Pili ya Algeria == MCB Oued Sly inashiriki katika Ligi ya Pili ya Soka ya Algeria, ambayo ni sehemu muhimu ya mfumo wa soka nchini Algeria. Ligi hiyo inahusisha vilabu vinavyowania nafasi za kupanda kwenda ligi ya juu, huku timu nyingine zikilenga kujenga vikosi imara na kupata matokeo mazuri katika msimu. Kwa Maâziz, kushiriki katika ligi hii ni sehemu ya taaluma yake ya soka na kunampa nafasi ya kuendelea kutumia uzoefu wake katika michezo ya ushindani. Ushiriki katika ligi ya pili pia ni muhimu kwa wachezaji wanaotaka kudumisha kiwango chao na kuendelea kuwa sehemu ya soka la kulipwa nchini Algeria. == Taaluma == Taaluma ya Maâziz inaonyesha maisha ya mchezaji anayeshiriki zaidi katika mfumo wa soka la ndani la Algeria. Ingawa taarifa nyingi kuhusu klabu zake za awali, nafasi yake ya uchezaji na takwimu zake za kina hazijaelezwa katika taarifa zilizotolewa, anajulikana kwa sasa kutokana na uhusiano wake na MCB Oued Sly. Kwa ujumla, Nadjib Maâziz ni mchezaji wa soka wa Algeria aliyezaliwa mwaka 1989 na ambaye amekuwa sehemu ya soka la vilabu nchini humo. Anaendelea kuhusishwa na MCB Oued Sly katika Ligi ya Pili ya Algeria, ambako anashiriki katika mashindano ya kitaifa. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Algeria]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1989]] ljv3hianpzpsn5jsz2d1aau9c98g33o 0 248116 1593503 2026-08-30T12:30:04Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Melese (name)]] hadi [[Melese]]: urahisi wa kuupata 1593503 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Melese]] 8w21krajs5f9ba0fyt9svz4b9teythy 0 248117 1593505 2026-08-30T12:31:20Z Castro255 89781 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Samir Louadj''' (alizaliwa 9 Desemba 1985 huko Forbach) ni [[mchezaji]] wa soka wa kulipwa kutoka Ufaransa anayocheza kama kiungo. Wakati wa taarifa hii, alikuwa akiichezea klabu ya CS Grevenmacher ya Luxembourg. == Maisha ya klabu == Louadj alianza safari yake ya soka katika mfumo wa vijana wa klabu ya kwao, US Forbach. Baada ya hapo, alicheza kwa muda mfupi katika klabu za FC Nantes na FC Metz, kabla ya kujiunga na SV Eintracht Trier 05 mwaka 2003....' 1593505 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Samir Louadj''' (alizaliwa 9 Desemba 1985 huko Forbach) ni [[mchezaji]] wa soka wa kulipwa kutoka Ufaransa anayocheza kama kiungo. Wakati wa taarifa hii, alikuwa akiichezea klabu ya CS Grevenmacher ya Luxembourg. == Maisha ya klabu == Louadj alianza safari yake ya soka katika mfumo wa vijana wa klabu ya kwao, US Forbach. Baada ya hapo, alicheza kwa muda mfupi katika klabu za FC Nantes na FC Metz, kabla ya kujiunga na SV Eintracht Trier 05 mwaka 2003. Louadj alikaa Eintracht Trier hadi mwaka 2006. Katika kipindi hicho, alicheza mechi 16 na kufunga bao moja katika Regionalliga Süd. Mwaka 2006, alirejea katika klabu yake ya awali, US Forbach, ambako alikaa kwa [[msimu]] mmoja. Akiwa na klabu hiyo, alionyesha kiwango kizuri cha ufungaji mabao, akifunga mabao 16 katika michezo 20. Mwaka 2007, Louadj alihamia Luxembourg na kusaini mkataba na F91 Dudelange, klabu iliyokuwa ikishiriki katika Luxembourg National Division. Aliendelea kuitumikia klabu hiyo hadi mwisho wa mwaka 2008. Baadaye katika [[maisha]] yake ya soka, Louadj alihusishwa na CS Grevenmacher, klabu ya Luxembourg ambayo aliichezea kama kiungo. == Timu ya taifa == Licha ya kuzaliwa nchini [[Ufaransa]], Louadj alipata nafasi ya kuhusishwa na timu za vijana za [[Algeria]]. Aliitwa katika kambi ya mazoezi ya timu ya taifa ya Algeria chini ya umri wa miaka 20. Hata hivyo, hakuwahi kucheza mechi rasmi kwa timu hiyo. Kwa hiyo, licha ya kuitwa katika kambi ya timu ya vijana ya Algeria, hakufanya mechi yoyote akiwa mwakilishi wa timu hiyo.<ref>[http://www.fussballportal.de/index.php?kat=44&spieler_id=50088 Samir Louadj] at fussballportal.de (in German)</ref> == Maisha ya soka == Katika kipindi cha mwanzo cha maisha yake ya soka, Louadj alicheza katika mifumo mbalimbali ya soka nchini Ufaransa na Ujerumani kabla ya kuhamia Luxembourg. Uzoefu wake katika vilabu tofauti ulimwezesha kucheza katika [[mashindano]] mbalimbali ya ligi na kujenga taaluma yake kama kiungo. Kipindi chake cha pili akiwa na US Forbach kilikuwa miongoni mwa vipindi vyake vilivyokuwa na [[mafanikio]] makubwa katika ufungaji mabao. Kufunga mabao 16 katika michezo 20 kulionyesha uwezo wake wa kuchangia moja kwa moja katika mashambulizi licha ya kucheza nafasi ya kiungo. Baada ya hapo, kuhamia Luxembourg mwaka 2007 kulimpa nafasi ya kuendelea na taaluma yake nje ya Ufaransa. Akiwa na F91 Dudelange, alishiriki katika mfumo wa soka la juu nchini Luxembourg kabla ya baadaye kuhusishwa na CS Grevenmacher. Kwa upande wa kimataifa, Louadj alibaki na uhusiano na soka la Algeria kupitia kuitwa kwenye kambi ya timu ya vijana chini ya miaka 20. Hata hivyo, hakufanikiwa kucheza mechi yoyote kwa timu hiyo. Kwa ujumla, Samir Louadj ni mchezaji wa soka wa Ufaransa aliyekuwa akicheza nafasi ya kiungo na ambaye sehemu kubwa ya taaluma yake iliihusisha Ufaransa, Ujerumani na Luxembourg. Alianza katika soka la vijana la US Forbach, akapitia Nantes na Metz, kabla ya kucheza Eintracht Trier na baadaye kurejea Forbach. Mwaka 2007 alihamia Luxembourg, ambako alichezea F91 Dudelange na baadaye CS Grevenmacher. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1985]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Algeria]] j1c0mdz9g37kkuwei0zx2a0kttyb36p 0 248119 1593513 2026-08-30T12:36:52Z Gayle157 73366 Create 1593513 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Uchaguzi mkuu wa Kenya wa 2022''' ulifanyika tarehe 9 Agosti 2022 ili kuwachagua [[Rais wa Kenya|Rais]], wabunge wa [[Bunge la Taifa la Kenya|Bunge la Taifa]] na [[Seneti ya Kenya|Seneti]], magavana wa kaunti na wajumbe wa mabunge ya kaunti.<ref name="IEBC_2022_Election">{{cite web |title=2022 General Election Results |url=https://www.iebc.or.ke/ |website=iebc.or.ke |publisher=Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Uchaguzi wa urais ulishirikisha zaidi William Ruto wa [[United Democratic Alliance (Kenya)|United Democratic Alliance]] (UDA), aliyegombea chini ya muungano wa [[Kenya Kwanza]], na Raila Odinga wa [[Orange Democratic Movement|Orange Democratic Movement]] (ODM), aliyegombea chini ya muungano wa [[Azimio la Umoja]].<ref name="BBC_Kenya_2022">{{cite web |title=Kenya election results 2022: William Ruto declared winner |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-62544605 |website=BBC News |publisher=BBC |date=15 Agosti 2022 |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Ruto alishinda uchaguzi wa urais kwa kura 7,176,141 (50.49%), huku Odinga akipata kura 6,942,930 (48.85%).<ref name="AlJazeera_Kenya_2022_Numbers">{{cite web |title=Kenya 2022 election results by the numbers |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/8/15/kenya-elections-2022-results-by-the-numbers |website=Al Jazeera |publisher=Al Jazeera Media Network |date=15 Agosti 2022 |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Wagombea wengine, [[David Waihiga]] na [[George Wajackoyah]], walipata asilimia 0.23 na 0.44 mtawalia.<ref name="AlJazeera_Kenya_2022_Numbers"/> Uchaguzi huo ulikuwa na kiwango cha ushiriki wa wapigakura cha takriban 64.77%, huku kukiwa na wapigakura waliosajiliwa wapatao milioni 22.<ref name="Reuters_Kenya_2022_Turnout">{{cite web |title=Kenya election turnout hits 65% as voting closes peacefully |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/kenyans-vote-tight-race-succeed-president-kenyatta-2022-08-09/ |website=Reuters |publisher=Thomson Reuters |date=9 Agosti 2022 |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Matokeo ya uchaguzi wa urais yalipingwa na [[Raila Odinga|Odinga]] pamoja na waombaji wengine katika [[Mahakama ya Juu ya Kenya]], ambao walidai kuwa kulikuwa na kasoro katika kuhesabu na kusambaza matokeo.<ref name="AlJazeera_Kenya_Supreme_Court_Petition">{{cite web |title=Raila Odinga files petition challenging Kenya presidential election result |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/8/22/raila-odinga-files-supreme-court-petition-kenya-elections |website=Al Jazeera |publisher=Al Jazeera Media Network |date=22 Agosti 2022 |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Tarehe 5 Septemba 2022, Mahakama ya Juu kwa kauli moja ilithibitisha ushindi wa Ruto, ikiamua kuwa waombaji hawakutoa ushahidi wa kutosha wa kubatilisha uchaguzi.<ref name="GGA_Kenya_Supreme_Court_Ruling">{{cite web |title=Kenya's supreme court declares William Ruto election winner |url=https://gga.org/kenyas-supreme-court-declares-william-ruto-election-winner/ |website=Good Governance Africa |date=7 Septemba 2022 |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Baadaye Ruto aliapishwa kuwa rais wa tano wa Kenya tarehe 13 Septemba 2022, akimrithi Uhuru Kenyatta.<ref name="BBC_Ruto_Sworn_In">{{cite web |title=William Ruto sworn in as Kenya's fifth president |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-62887532 |website=BBC News |publisher=BBC |date=13 Septemba 2022 |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Katika uchaguzi wa ubunge, Kenya Kwanza ilipata wengi katika Bunge la Taifa, huku Azimio la Umoja–One Kenya Coalition Party ikishinda idadi kubwa ya viti na kubaki kuwa muungano mkuu wa upinzani.<ref name="TandF_Kenya_Democratization">{{cite journal |title=Has Kenya democratized? Institutional strengthening and the 2022 elections |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17531055.2024.2359154 |journal=Journal of Eastern African Studies |year=2024 |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Katika Seneti, Kenya Kwanza pia ilipata idadi kubwa zaidi ya viti.<ref name="TandF_Kenya_Democratization"/> Uchaguzi huo uliwakilisha mabadiliko makubwa ya kisiasa, kwani Ruto alimshinda Odinga licha ya kuwa awali alikuwa amehudumu kama naibu wa rais chini ya Kenyatta, ambaye alimuunga mkono Odinga badala ya naibu wake wa zamani.<ref name="TandF_Kenya_Democratization"/> Uhamisho wa madaraka kwa amani na namna Mahakama ya Juu ilivyoshughulikia ombi la kupinga matokeo ya urais vilikuwa maendeleo muhimu katika historia ya uchaguzi na katiba ya Kenya.<ref name="GGA_Kenya_Supreme_Court_Ruling"/> 24kojlcg1dsjl7qbeg6mqks0xruqvte 1593516 1593513 2026-08-30T12:37:29Z Gayle157 73366 1593516 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Uchaguzi mkuu wa Kenya wa 2022''' ulifanyika tarehe 9 Agosti 2022 ili kuwachagua [[Rais wa Kenya|Rais]], wabunge wa [[Bunge la Taifa la Kenya|Bunge la Taifa]] na [[Seneti ya Kenya|Seneti]], magavana wa kaunti na wajumbe wa mabunge ya kaunti.<ref name="IEBC_2022_Election">{{cite web |title=2022 General Election Results |url=https://www.iebc.or.ke/ |website=iebc.or.ke |publisher=Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Uchaguzi wa urais ulishirikisha zaidi William Ruto wa [[United Democratic Alliance (Kenya)|United Democratic Alliance]] (UDA), aliyegombea chini ya muungano wa [[Kenya Kwanza]], na Raila Odinga wa [[Orange Democratic Movement|Orange Democratic Movement]] (ODM), aliyegombea chini ya muungano wa [[Azimio la Umoja]].<ref name="BBC_Kenya_2022">{{cite web |title=Kenya election results 2022: William Ruto declared winner |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-62544605 |website=BBC News |publisher=BBC |date=15 Agosti 2022 |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Ruto alishinda uchaguzi wa urais kwa kura 7,176,141 (50.49%), huku Odinga akipata kura 6,942,930 (48.85%).<ref name="AlJazeera_Kenya_2022_Numbers">{{cite web |title=Kenya 2022 election results by the numbers |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/8/15/kenya-elections-2022-results-by-the-numbers |website=Al Jazeera |publisher=Al Jazeera Media Network |date=15 Agosti 2022 |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Wagombea wengine, [[David Waihiga]] na [[George Wajackoyah]], walipata asilimia 0.23 na 0.44 mtawalia.<ref name="AlJazeera_Kenya_2022_Numbers"/> Uchaguzi huo ulikuwa na kiwango cha ushiriki wa wapigakura cha takriban 64.77%, huku kukiwa na wapigakura waliosajiliwa wapatao milioni 22.<ref name="Reuters_Kenya_2022_Turnout">{{cite web |title=Kenya election turnout hits 65% as voting closes peacefully |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/kenyans-vote-tight-race-succeed-president-kenyatta-2022-08-09/ |website=Reuters |publisher=Thomson Reuters |date=9 Agosti 2022 |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Matokeo ya uchaguzi wa urais yalipingwa na [[Raila Odinga|Odinga]] pamoja na waombaji wengine katika Mahakama ya Juu ya Kenya, ambao walidai kuwa kulikuwa na kasoro katika kuhesabu na kusambaza matokeo.<ref name="AlJazeera_Kenya_Supreme_Court_Petition">{{cite web |title=Raila Odinga files petition challenging Kenya presidential election result |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/8/22/raila-odinga-files-supreme-court-petition-kenya-elections |website=Al Jazeera |publisher=Al Jazeera Media Network |date=22 Agosti 2022 |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Tarehe 5 Septemba 2022, Mahakama ya Juu kwa kauli moja ilithibitisha ushindi wa Ruto, ikiamua kuwa waombaji hawakutoa ushahidi wa kutosha wa kubatilisha uchaguzi.<ref name="GGA_Kenya_Supreme_Court_Ruling">{{cite web |title=Kenya's supreme court declares William Ruto election winner |url=https://gga.org/kenyas-supreme-court-declares-william-ruto-election-winner/ |website=Good Governance Africa |date=7 Septemba 2022 |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Baadaye Ruto aliapishwa kuwa rais wa tano wa Kenya tarehe 13 Septemba 2022, akimrithi Uhuru Kenyatta.<ref name="BBC_Ruto_Sworn_In">{{cite web |title=William Ruto sworn in as Kenya's fifth president |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-62887532 |website=BBC News |publisher=BBC |date=13 Septemba 2022 |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Katika uchaguzi wa ubunge, Kenya Kwanza ilipata wengi katika Bunge la Taifa, huku Azimio la Umoja–One Kenya Coalition Party ikishinda idadi kubwa ya viti na kubaki kuwa muungano mkuu wa upinzani.<ref name="TandF_Kenya_Democratization">{{cite journal |title=Has Kenya democratized? Institutional strengthening and the 2022 elections |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17531055.2024.2359154 |journal=Journal of Eastern African Studies |year=2024 |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Katika Seneti, Kenya Kwanza pia ilipata idadi kubwa zaidi ya viti.<ref name="TandF_Kenya_Democratization"/> Uchaguzi huo uliwakilisha mabadiliko makubwa ya kisiasa, kwani Ruto alimshinda Odinga licha ya kuwa awali alikuwa amehudumu kama naibu wa rais chini ya Kenyatta, ambaye alimuunga mkono Odinga badala ya naibu wake wa zamani.<ref name="TandF_Kenya_Democratization"/> Uhamisho wa madaraka kwa amani na namna Mahakama ya Juu ilivyoshughulikia ombi la kupinga matokeo ya urais vilikuwa maendeleo muhimu katika historia ya uchaguzi na katiba ya Kenya.<ref name="GGA_Kenya_Supreme_Court_Ruling"/> 0fv1622x2y1x4v860vqvar111v6zhm5 1593518 1593516 2026-08-30T12:38:44Z Gayle157 73366 /* */ 1593518 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Uchaguzi mkuu wa Kenya wa 2022''' ulifanyika tarehe 9 Agosti 2022 ili kuwachagua [[Rais wa Kenya|Rais]], wabunge wa [[Bunge la Taifa la Kenya|Bunge la Taifa]] na [[Seneti ya Kenya|Seneti]], magavana wa kaunti na wajumbe wa mabunge ya kaunti.<ref name="IEBC_2022_Election">{{cite web |title=2022 General Election Results |url=https://www.iebc.or.ke/ |website=iebc.or.ke |publisher=Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Uchaguzi wa urais ulishirikisha zaidi William Ruto wa [[United Democratic Alliance (Kenya)|United Democratic Alliance]] (UDA), aliyegombea chini ya muungano wa [[Kenya Kwanza]], na Raila Odinga wa [[Orange Democratic Movement|Orange Democratic Movement]] (ODM), aliyegombea chini ya muungano wa [[Azimio la Umoja]].<ref name="BBC_Kenya_2022">{{cite web |title=Kenya election results 2022: William Ruto declared winner |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-62544605 |website=BBC News |publisher=BBC |date=15 Agosti 2022 |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Ruto alishinda uchaguzi wa urais kwa kura 7,176,141 (50.49%), huku Odinga akipata kura 6,942,930 (48.85%).<ref name="AlJazeera_Kenya_2022_Numbers">{{cite web |title=Kenya 2022 election results by the numbers |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/8/15/kenya-elections-2022-results-by-the-numbers |website=Al Jazeera |publisher=Al Jazeera Media Network |date=15 Agosti 2022 |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Wagombea wengine, [[David Waihiga]] na [[George Wajackoyah]], walipata asilimia 0.23 na 0.44 mtawalia.<ref name="AlJazeera_Kenya_2022_Numbers"/> Uchaguzi huo ulikuwa na kiwango cha ushiriki wa wapigakura cha takriban 64.77%, huku kukiwa na wapigakura waliosajiliwa wapatao milioni 22.<ref name="Reuters_Kenya_2022_Turnout">{{cite web |title=Kenya election turnout hits 65% as voting closes peacefully |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/kenyans-vote-tight-race-succeed-president-kenyatta-2022-08-09/ |website=Reuters |publisher=Thomson Reuters |date=9 Agosti 2022 |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Matokeo ya uchaguzi wa urais yalipingwa na [[Raila Odinga|Odinga]] pamoja na waombaji wengine katika Mahakama ya Juu ya Kenya, ambao walidai kuwa kulikuwa na kasoro katika kuhesabu na kusambaza matokeo.<ref name="AlJazeera_Kenya_Supreme_Court_Petition">{{cite web |title=Raila Odinga files petition challenging Kenya presidential election result |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/8/22/raila-odinga-files-supreme-court-petition-kenya-elections |website=Al Jazeera |publisher=Al Jazeera Media Network |date=22 Agosti 2022 |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Tarehe 5 Septemba 2022, Mahakama ya Juu kwa kauli moja ilithibitisha ushindi wa Ruto, ikiamua kuwa waombaji hawakutoa ushahidi wa kutosha wa kubatilisha uchaguzi.<ref name="GGA_Kenya_Supreme_Court_Ruling">{{cite web |title=Kenya's supreme court declares William Ruto election winner |url=https://gga.org/kenyas-supreme-court-declares-william-ruto-election-winner/ |website=Good Governance Africa |date=7 Septemba 2022 |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Baadaye Ruto aliapishwa kuwa rais wa tano wa Kenya tarehe 13 Septemba 2022, akimrithi Uhuru Kenyatta.<ref name="BBC_Ruto_Sworn_In">{{cite web |title=William Ruto sworn in as Kenya's fifth president |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-62887532 |website=BBC News |publisher=BBC |date=13 Septemba 2022 |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Katika uchaguzi wa ubunge, Kenya Kwanza ilipata wengi katika Bunge la Taifa, huku Azimio la Umoja–One Kenya Coalition Party ikishinda idadi kubwa ya viti na kubaki kuwa muungano mkuu wa upinzani.<ref name="TandF_Kenya_Democratization">{{cite journal |title=Has Kenya democratized? Institutional strengthening and the 2022 elections |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17531055.2024.2359154 |journal=Journal of Eastern African Studies |year=2024 |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Katika Seneti, Kenya Kwanza pia ilipata idadi kubwa zaidi ya viti.<ref name="TandF_Kenya_Democratization"/> Uchaguzi huo uliwakilisha mabadiliko makubwa ya kisiasa, kwani Ruto alimshinda Odinga licha ya kuwa awali alikuwa amehudumu kama naibu wa rais chini ya Kenyatta, ambaye alimuunga mkono Odinga badala ya naibu wake wa zamani.<ref name="TandF_Kenya_Democratization"/> Uhamisho wa madaraka kwa amani na namna Mahakama ya Juu ilivyoshughulikia ombi la kupinga matokeo ya urais vilikuwa maendeleo muhimu katika historia ya uchaguzi na katiba ya Kenya.<ref name="GGA_Kenya_Supreme_Court_Ruling"/> == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} [[Jamii:Uchaguzi nchini Kenya]] [[Jamii:2022]] cuka6su6zxyzv3idslj4cj0adwludpr 1593522 1593518 2026-08-30T12:43:28Z Gayle157 73366 /* */ 1593522 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox election | country = Kenya | election_date = 9 August 2022 | election_name = Uchaguzi Mkuu wa Kenya, 2022 | registered = 22,120,458<ref name="Registered Voters">{{cite web |last1=Chebukati W. |first1=Wafula |title=Audit Report on the Register of Voters |url=https://www.iebc.or.ke/docs/rov_per_county.pdf |website=[[Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission|IEBC]] |access-date=2 August 2022 |archive-date=9 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220709230235/https://www.iebc.or.ke/docs/rov_per_county.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> | module = {{Infobox election | previous_election = Uchaguzi Mkuu wa Kenya, 2017 | previous_year = Oct&nbsp;2017 | next_election = 2027 Kenyan general election | next_year = ''2027'' | embed = yes | type = presidential | election_name = Uchaguzi wa Rais | turnout = 64.77% ({{increase}}25.74pp) | needed_votes = 50% + 1 vote (nationally) and 25% in each of at least 24 counties | image1 = President Ruto Potrait 2022 (cropped).jpg | nominee1 = '''[[William Ruto]]''' | party1 = United Democratic Alliance (Kenya) | alliance1 = Kenya Kwanza | running_mate1 = '''[[Rigathi Gachagua]]''' | popular_vote1 = '''7,176,141''' | electoral_vote1 = | percentage1 = '''50.49%''' | image2 = Accelerating Infrastructure Development Raila Amolo Odinga (8412050678) (cropped).jpg | nominee2 = [[Raila Odinga]] | party2 = [[Azimio la Umoja|Azimio]]{{Efn|Odinga is gazetted to run for president under Azimio la Umoja One Kenya Coalition Party. He still remains the leader of [[Orange Democratic Movement|ODM]].<ref>{{cite web|first=Junior|last=Mireri|url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/politics/article/2001435756/azimio-to-be-registered-next-week-raila-says-as-he-receives-anc-defectors|title=Azimio to be registered next week, Raila says as he receives ANC defectors|date=27 January 2022|work=[[The Standard (Kenya)|The Standard]]|accessdate=1 August 2022|archive-date=1 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220801103517/https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/politics/article/2001435756/azimio-to-be-registered-next-week-raila-says-as-he-receives-anc-defectors|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.capitalfm.co.ke/news/2022/01/raila-to-register-azimio-party-next-week/|title=Raila To Register Azimio Party Next Week|date=29 January 2022|work=Capital FM|accessdate=1 August 2022|archive-date=1 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220801103517/https://www.capitalfm.co.ke/news/2022/01/raila-to-register-azimio-party-next-week/|url-status=live}}</ref>}} | alliance2 = Azimio la Umoja | running_mate2 = [[Martha Karua]] | popular_vote2 = 6,942,930 | electoral_vote2 = | percentage2 = 48.85% | map_image = 2022 Kenyan presidential election results by county.svg | map_caption = Results by county | title = President | before_election = [[Uhuru Kenyatta]] | before_party = [[Jubilee Party]] | after_election = [[William Ruto]] | after_party = United Democratic Alliance (Kenya) | module = {{Infobox legislative election | previous_election = [[2017 Kenyan general election|Aug&nbsp;2017]] | next_election = [[2027 Kenyan general election|2027]] | seats_for_election = 337 of the 349 seats in the [[National Assembly (Kenya)|National Assembly]] | majority_seats = 175 | embed = yes | election_name = National Assembly | nopercentage=yes | first_election = yes | party1 = United Democratic Alliance (Kenya) | leader1 = [[William Ruto]] | seats1 = 143 | last_election1 = | party2 = Orange Democratic Movement | leader2 = [[Raila Odinga]] | seats2 = 89 | last_election2 = | party3 = [[Jubilee Party]] | leader3 = [[Uhuru Kenyatta]] | seats3 = 28 | last_election3 = | party4 = Wiper Democratic Movement – Kenya | leader4 = [[Kalonzo Musyoka]] | seats4 = 26 | last_election4 = | party5 = Amani National Congress | leader5 = [[Musalia Mudavadi]] | seats5 = 8 | last_election5 = | party6 = United Democratic Movement (Kenya) | leader6 = [[Philip Murgor]] | seats6 = 6 | last_election6 = | party7 = Forum for the Restoration of Democracy – Kenya | leader7 = [[Moses Wetangula]] | seats7 = 6| last_election7 = | party8 = Democratic Action Party (Kenya) | leader8 = [[Eugene Wamalwa]] | seats8 = 5 | | party9 = Kenya African National Union | leader9 = [[Gideon Moi]] | seats9 = 5 | last_election9 = | party10 = Pamoja African Alliance | leader10 = [[Amason Kingi]] | percentage10 = | seats10 = 3 | last_election10 = New | party11 = Kenya Union Party | leader11 = | percentage11 = | seats11 = 2 | last_election11 = New | party12 = Maendeleo Chap Chap Party | leader12 = [[Alfred Mutua]] | percentage12 = | seats12 = 2 | last_election12 = | party13 = The Service Party | leader13 = [[Mwangi Kiunjuri]] | percentage13 = | seats13 = 2 | last_election13 = New | party14 = United Party of Independent Alliance | leader14 = | percentage14 = | seats14 = 2 | last_election14 = New | party15 = United Progressive Alliance (Kenya) | leader15 = | percentage15 = | seats15 = 2 | last_election15 = New | party16 = Chama Cha Kazi | leader16 = [[Moses Kuria]] | percentage16 = | seats16 = 1 | last_election16 = New | party17 = Democratic Party (Kenya) | leader17 = | percentage17 = | seats17 = 1 | last_election17 = | party18 = Grand Dream Development Party | leader18 = | percentage18 = | seats18 = 1 | last_election18 = New | party19 = Movement for Democracy and Growth | leader19 = [[David Ochieng Ouma]] | percentage19 = | seats19 = 1 | last_election19 = New | party20 = National Agenda Party (Kenya) | leader20 = [[Alfayo Alfonze Agufana]] | percentage20 = | seats20 = 1 | last_election20 = | party21 = National Ordinary People Empowerment Union | leader21 = [[Lawrence Mpuru Aburi]] | percentage21 = | seats21 = 1 | last_election21 = | party22 = United Democratic Party (Kenya) | leader22 = [[Cyrus Jirongo]] | percentage22 = | seats22 = 1 | last_election22 = New | party23 = Independents | leader23 = – | percentage23 = | seats23 = 12 | last_election23 = New | map = 2022 Kenyan parliamentary election results by constituency.svg | map_caption = Results by constituency | module = {{Infobox legislative election | seats_for_election = 47 of the 67 seats in the [[Senate of Kenya|Senate]] | embed = yes | election_name = Senate | nopercentage=yes | first_election = yes | party1 = Azimio la Umoja | leader1 = [[Raila Odinga]] | seats1 = 24 | last_election1 = new | party11 = Kenya Kwanza | leader11 = [[William Ruto]] | seats11 = 23 }}}}}} }} '''Uchaguzi mkuu wa Kenya wa 2022''' ulifanyika tarehe 9 Agosti 2022 ili kuwachagua [[Rais wa Kenya|Rais]], wabunge wa [[Bunge la Taifa la Kenya|Bunge la Taifa]] na [[Seneti ya Kenya|Seneti]], magavana wa kaunti na wajumbe wa mabunge ya kaunti.<ref name="IEBC_2022_Election">{{cite web |title=2022 General Election Results |url=https://www.iebc.or.ke/ |website=iebc.or.ke |publisher=Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Uchaguzi wa urais ulishirikisha zaidi William Ruto wa [[United Democratic Alliance (Kenya)|United Democratic Alliance]] (UDA), aliyegombea chini ya muungano wa [[Kenya Kwanza]], na Raila Odinga wa [[Orange Democratic Movement|Orange Democratic Movement]] (ODM), aliyegombea chini ya muungano wa [[Azimio la Umoja]].<ref name="BBC_Kenya_2022">{{cite web |title=Kenya election results 2022: William Ruto declared winner |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-62544605 |website=BBC News |publisher=BBC |date=15 Agosti 2022 |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Ruto alishinda uchaguzi wa urais kwa kura 7,176,141 (50.49%), huku Odinga akipata kura 6,942,930 (48.85%).<ref name="AlJazeera_Kenya_2022_Numbers">{{cite web |title=Kenya 2022 election results by the numbers |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/8/15/kenya-elections-2022-results-by-the-numbers |website=Al Jazeera |publisher=Al Jazeera Media Network |date=15 Agosti 2022 |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Wagombea wengine, [[David Waihiga]] na [[George Wajackoyah]], walipata asilimia 0.23 na 0.44 mtawalia.<ref name="AlJazeera_Kenya_2022_Numbers"/> Uchaguzi huo ulikuwa na kiwango cha ushiriki wa wapigakura cha takriban 64.77%, huku kukiwa na wapigakura waliosajiliwa wapatao milioni 22.<ref name="Reuters_Kenya_2022_Turnout">{{cite web |title=Kenya election turnout hits 65% as voting closes peacefully |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/kenyans-vote-tight-race-succeed-president-kenyatta-2022-08-09/ |website=Reuters |publisher=Thomson Reuters |date=9 Agosti 2022 |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Matokeo ya uchaguzi wa urais yalipingwa na [[Raila Odinga|Odinga]] pamoja na waombaji wengine katika Mahakama ya Juu ya Kenya, ambao walidai kuwa kulikuwa na kasoro katika kuhesabu na kusambaza matokeo.<ref name="AlJazeera_Kenya_Supreme_Court_Petition">{{cite web |title=Raila Odinga files petition challenging Kenya presidential election result |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/8/22/raila-odinga-files-supreme-court-petition-kenya-elections |website=Al Jazeera |publisher=Al Jazeera Media Network |date=22 Agosti 2022 |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Tarehe 5 Septemba 2022, Mahakama ya Juu kwa kauli moja ilithibitisha ushindi wa Ruto, ikiamua kuwa waombaji hawakutoa ushahidi wa kutosha wa kubatilisha uchaguzi.<ref name="GGA_Kenya_Supreme_Court_Ruling">{{cite web |title=Kenya's supreme court declares William Ruto election winner |url=https://gga.org/kenyas-supreme-court-declares-william-ruto-election-winner/ |website=Good Governance Africa |date=7 Septemba 2022 |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Baadaye Ruto aliapishwa kuwa rais wa tano wa Kenya tarehe 13 Septemba 2022, akimrithi Uhuru Kenyatta.<ref name="BBC_Ruto_Sworn_In">{{cite web |title=William Ruto sworn in as Kenya's fifth president |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-62887532 |website=BBC News |publisher=BBC |date=13 Septemba 2022 |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Katika uchaguzi wa ubunge, Kenya Kwanza ilipata wengi katika Bunge la Taifa, huku Azimio la Umoja–One Kenya Coalition Party ikishinda idadi kubwa ya viti na kubaki kuwa muungano mkuu wa upinzani.<ref name="TandF_Kenya_Democratization">{{cite journal |title=Has Kenya democratized? Institutional strengthening and the 2022 elections |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17531055.2024.2359154 |journal=Journal of Eastern African Studies |year=2024 |access-date=30 Agosti 2026}}</ref> Katika Seneti, Kenya Kwanza pia ilipata idadi kubwa zaidi ya viti.<ref name="TandF_Kenya_Democratization"/> Uchaguzi huo uliwakilisha mabadiliko makubwa ya kisiasa, kwani Ruto alimshinda Odinga licha ya kuwa awali alikuwa amehudumu kama naibu wa rais chini ya Kenyatta, ambaye alimuunga mkono Odinga badala ya naibu wake wa zamani.<ref name="TandF_Kenya_Democratization"/> Uhamisho wa madaraka kwa amani na namna Mahakama ya Juu ilivyoshughulikia ombi la kupinga matokeo ya urais vilikuwa maendeleo muhimu katika historia ya uchaguzi na katiba ya Kenya.<ref name="GGA_Kenya_Supreme_Court_Ruling"/> == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} [[Jamii:Uchaguzi nchini Kenya]] [[Jamii:2022]] jzvk72udfjh7odtyipz1za7z69o6mmq 0 248120 1593514 2026-08-30T12:37:11Z Castro255 89781 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Julien Yves Rémi López Baila''' (amezaliwa 1 Machi 1992), anayejulikana zaidi kama Julien López, ni mchezaji wa [[soka]] wa kulipwa mwenye asili ya Ufaransa anayecheza kama winga katika klabu ya Cannes, inayoshiriki Ligue 3 nchini Ufaransa. López pia ni mchezaji wa zamani wa timu za taifa za vijana za Algeria. == Maisha ya awali na kazi ya klabu == López alianza safari yake ya soka katika akademi ya vijana ya Montpellier, ambako alipata mafunzo ya...' 1593514 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Julien Yves Rémi López Baila''' (amezaliwa 1 Machi 1992), anayejulikana zaidi kama Julien López, ni mchezaji wa [[soka]] wa kulipwa mwenye asili ya Ufaransa anayecheza kama winga katika klabu ya Cannes, inayoshiriki Ligue 3 nchini Ufaransa. López pia ni mchezaji wa zamani wa timu za taifa za vijana za Algeria. == Maisha ya awali na kazi ya klabu == López alianza safari yake ya soka katika akademi ya vijana ya Montpellier, ambako alipata mafunzo yake ya awali ya soka. Baadaye alicheza katika ngazi za chini za soka nchini Ufaransa, ambako alianza kujijengea uzoefu kabla ya kupata nafasi ya kucheza katika ngazi ya kitaaluma.<ref>[http://www.leparisien.fr/pfc-foot-paris-football-club/le-frere-de-maxime-lopez-om-julien-quitte-marseille-consolat-pour-le-paris-fc-28-06-2017-7093572.php "Le frère de Maxime Lopez (OM), Julien, quitte Marseille Consolat... pour le Paris FC".] 28 June 2017.</ref> Baada ya kuwa na misimu kadhaa yenye mafanikio akiwa na Consolat, López alisaini mkataba wake wa kwanza wa kitaaluma na Paris FC mwezi Juni 2017. Wakati huo Paris FC ilikuwa ikishiriki Ligue 2, daraja la pili la soka la Ufaransa. Kuhamia Paris FC kulikuwa hatua muhimu katika maisha yake ya soka kwa sababu kulimpa nafasi ya kucheza katika kiwango cha juu zaidi na kujitokeza mbele ya mashabiki wengi. López alicheza mechi yake ya kwanza ya kitaaluma akiwa na Paris FC tarehe 4 Agosti 2017 katika mchezo wa Ligue 2 dhidi ya Bourg-en-Bresse. Paris FC ilishinda mchezo huo kwa mabao 2–1. López aliendelea kupata nafasi katika kikosi na muda mfupi baadaye alifunga bao lake la kwanza katika soka la kitaaluma. Bao lake la kwanza la kitaaluma lilikuja tarehe 25 Agosti 2017 katika mchezo dhidi ya Auxerre. Alifunga bao lililoipa Paris FC ushindi wa 2–1. Bao hilo lilikuwa hatua muhimu kwake kwani lilionyesha uwezo wake wa kusaidia timu katika michezo ya ushindani. Katika kipindi cha maisha yake ya soka, López amecheza zaidi kama [[winga]], nafasi inayomruhusu kutumia kasi, uwezo wa kupiga chenga na kutengeneza nafasi kwa wachezaji wenzake. Uwezo wake wa kucheza katika maeneo ya pembeni ya uwanja umekuwa sehemu muhimu ya mtindo wake wa uchezaji. Tarehe 19 Juni 2026, López alijiunga na Cannes, klabu iliyokuwa imepanda daraja na kuingia Ligue 3. Uhamisho huo ulimpa nafasi ya kuendelea na [[kazi]] yake ya soka katika mfumo mpya wa mashindano ya kitaaluma nchini Ufaransa.<ref>[https://www.as-cannes.com/non-classe/premiere-invitation-envoyee-julien-lopez-est-cannois/ "Première invitation envoyée, Julien Lopez est Cannois !"] [First invitation sent, Julien Lopez is now a Cannes resident!] (in French). AS Cannes. 19 June 2026. Retrieved 16 July 2026.</ref> == Kazi ya kimataifa == López ana uhusiano wa kifamilia na Algeria na aliwakilisha nchi hiyo katika ngazi za vijana. Alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi cha Algeria chini ya umri wa miaka 17 kilichoshiriki katika Kombe la Dunia la FIFA la vijana chini ya miaka 17 mwaka 2009. Katika mashindano hayo yaliyofanyika Nigeria, López alicheza jumla ya mechi mbili kwa [[Algeria]]. Ushiriki wake katika mashindano ya kimataifa ya vijana ulikuwa sehemu muhimu ya maendeleo yake ya awali kama mchezaji. Ingawa alicheza kwa Algeria katika ngazi ya vijana, López hakuwahi kucheza kwa timu ya taifa ya Algeria katika ngazi ya wakubwa. Hivyo, kazi yake ya kimataifa ilibaki katika ngazi za vijana. == Maisha ya soka == López ni mfano wa mchezaji aliyepitia mfumo wa akademi za vijana nchini Ufaransa kabla ya kufikia kiwango cha soka la kulipwa. Kuanzia Montpellier, kupitia Consolat na Paris FC, hadi Cannes, amekuwa akiendelea kujenga uzoefu wake katika soka la [[Ufaransa]]. Kushiriki kwake katika Kombe la Dunia la FIFA la vijana chini ya miaka 17 mwaka 2009 akiwa na Algeria kuliongeza uzoefu wake wa kimataifa mapema katika maisha yake ya soka. Baadaye, kupata mkataba wa kitaaluma na Paris FC na kufunga bao katika msimu wake wa kwanza kulimsaidia kujitambulisha katika soka la kulipwa. Kufikia mwaka 2026, López aliendelea na kazi yake akiwa na Cannes, ambako alijiunga baada ya klabu hiyo kupandishwa hadi Ligue 3. Akiwa na uzoefu wa kucheza katika viwango mbalimbali vya soka la Ufaransa pamoja na uzoefu wa kimataifa wa vijana, López anaendelea kuwa sehemu ya kizazi cha wachezaji wenye asili ya Algeria waliokulia katika mfumo wa soka la Ufaransa. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1992]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Algeria]] n2baus8b1619ijs84vklaoncc81jh4p 0 248121 1593521 2026-08-30T12:42:09Z Castro255 89781 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Khaled Lemmouchia''' (amezaliwa 6 Desemba 1981) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa [[soka]] wa kulipwa wa Algeria aliyekuwa akicheza zaidi kama kiungo mkabaji. Alizaliwa nchini Ufaransa na baadaye aliwakilisha timu ya taifa ya Algeria katika ngazi ya kimataifa. == Maisha ya awali na klabu == Lemmouchia alizaliwa mjini Givors, katika jimbo la Rhône nchini Ufaransa. Alianza kucheza soka akiwa na umri wa miaka 16 baada ya kujiunga na akademi ya vijana ya Olympique...' 1593521 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Khaled Lemmouchia''' (amezaliwa 6 Desemba 1981) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa [[soka]] wa kulipwa wa Algeria aliyekuwa akicheza zaidi kama kiungo mkabaji. Alizaliwa nchini Ufaransa na baadaye aliwakilisha timu ya taifa ya Algeria katika ngazi ya kimataifa. == Maisha ya awali na klabu == Lemmouchia alizaliwa mjini Givors, katika jimbo la Rhône nchini Ufaransa. Alianza kucheza soka akiwa na umri wa miaka 16 baada ya kujiunga na akademi ya vijana ya Olympique Lyonnais. Licha ya kuvutiwa na vilabu kadhaa nchini Ufaransa, aliendelea na maendeleo yake katika mfumo wa vijana wa Lyon na hatimaye kufikia kikosi cha akiba.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080405101105/http://www.dzfoot.com/equipe_nationale/selections-b.php?_ids=52 "Document sans nom".] Archived from the original on 5 April 2008. Retrieved 30 March 2008.</ref> Hata hivyo, baada ya mkataba wake wa kianachama kumalizika, hakupata [[mkataba]] wa kitaaluma kutoka Lyon. Kwa hiyo, alijiunga na klabu ya daraja la chini AS Moulins. Baada ya msimu mmoja alihamia AS Lyon Duchère, ambako alicheza kwa misimu minne. Katika majira ya joto ya mwaka 2006, Lemmouchia alihamia Algeria na kusaini mkataba wake wa kwanza wa kitaaluma na ES Sétif. Alikuwa mchezaji muhimu katika kikosi cha klabu hiyo na katika msimu wake wa kwanza aliisaidia ES Sétif kushinda ligi ya Algeria pamoja na Arab Champions League. Tarehe 29 Julai 2011, Lemmouchia alijiunga na USM Alger kwa mkataba wa mwaka mmoja. Katika [[msimu]] wa 2011–12 alicheza mechi 27 na kufunga bao moja. Aliisaidia USM Alger kumaliza katika nafasi ya tatu ya ligi ya Algeria na kufuzu kwa CAF Confederation Cup ya mwaka 2013. Mnamo Agosti 2012, Lemmouchia alisafiri kwenda Tunis kwa ajili ya kufanya mazungumzo na Club Africain. Tarehe 22 Agosti 2012, alisaini mkataba wa mwaka mmoja na klabu hiyo ya Tunisia.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120824045812/http://www.clubafricain.com/articles.asp?artid=554 "Khaled Lemmouchia signe au CA"] (in French). ClubAfricain.com. 22 August 2012. Archived from the original on 24 August 2012. Retrieved 23 August 2012.</ref> == Timu ya taifa == Lemmouchia alichagua kuwakilisha Algeria licha ya kuzaliwa nchini Ufaransa. Akiwa bado kijana katika akademi ya Lyon, aliitwa katika timu ya taifa ya Ufaransa chini ya miaka 17, lakini alikataa mwaliko huo na kuchagua kuichezea Algeria. Mwaka 2000 aliitwa katika timu ya taifa ya Algeria chini ya miaka 20 kwa ajili ya mechi za kufuzu Mashindano ya Vijana ya Afrika ya 2001. Alianza kwa kucheza dhidi ya Libya mjini Algiers, ambapo Algeria ilishinda kwa bao 1–0. Katika mchezo wake wa pili na wa mwisho katika kikosi hicho, Algeria ilitoka sare ya 2–2 dhidi ya [[Ghana]] na kushindwa kufuzu mashindano hayo. Baada ya miaka kadhaa, Lemmouchia aliitwa katika timu ya taifa ya wakubwa. Tarehe 6 Februari 2008, kocha Rabah Saâdane alimjumuisha katika kambi ya mazoezi iliyofanyika Paris, Ufaransa, ikiwa maandalizi ya kampeni ya kufuzu Kombe la Dunia la FIFA 2010. Lemmouchia alicheza mechi yake ya kwanza katika timu ya taifa ya Algeria tarehe 31 Mei 2008 dhidi ya Senegal katika mchezo wa kufuzu Kombe la Dunia la 2010. Aliendelea kuwa sehemu ya timu ya taifa na akashiriki katika Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika 2010 pamoja na African Championship of Nations 2011. Kufikia Agosti 2012, alikuwa amecheza jumla ya mechi 22 kwa Algeria. Wakati wa safari ya timu ya taifa ya Algeria kuelekea Misri kwa ajili ya mchezo wa kufuzu Kombe la [[Dunia]] dhidi ya Misri, Lemmouchia alikuwa miongoni mwa wachezaji waliojeruhiwa katika shambulio dhidi ya basi lililokuwa limewabeba wachezaji wa Algeria. Baadaye alieleza kukatishwa tamaa kwake kwamba mchezo uliendelea licha ya hofu ya wachezaji kuhusu usalama wao. Lemmouchia alijulikana kwa uwezo wake wa kucheza kama kiungo mkabaji, hasa katika kuvunja mashambulizi ya wapinzani na kusaidia ulinzi. Kazi yake ilihusisha kucheza katika ligi za Ufaransa, Algeria na Tunisia, huku kipindi chake cha mafanikio zaidi kikihusishwa na ES Sétif na USM Alger. Pia alibaki kuwa sehemu ya kizazi cha wachezaji wa Algeria kilichoshiriki katika mashindano muhimu ya kimataifa mwishoni mwa miaka ya 2000 na mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 2010. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1981]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Algeria]] f8hrau4q9lpr756y2eauov5kbd08i3x 1593577 1593521 2026-08-30T15:52:50Z Czeus25 Masele 28489 1593577 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Khaled Lemmouchia, 2011-09-24.jpg|thumb|Khaled Lemmouchia, 2011-09-24]] '''Khaled Lemmouchia''' (amezaliwa 6 Desemba 1981) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa [[soka]] wa kulipwa wa Algeria aliyekuwa akicheza zaidi kama kiungo mkabaji. Alizaliwa nchini Ufaransa na baadaye aliwakilisha timu ya taifa ya Algeria katika ngazi ya kimataifa. == Maisha ya awali na klabu == Lemmouchia alizaliwa mjini Givors, katika jimbo la Rhône nchini Ufaransa. Alianza kucheza soka akiwa na umri wa miaka 16 baada ya kujiunga na akademi ya vijana ya Olympique Lyonnais. Licha ya kuvutiwa na vilabu kadhaa nchini Ufaransa, aliendelea na maendeleo yake katika mfumo wa vijana wa Lyon na hatimaye kufikia kikosi cha akiba.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080405101105/http://www.dzfoot.com/equipe_nationale/selections-b.php?_ids=52 "Document sans nom".] Archived from the original on 5 April 2008. Retrieved 30 March 2008.</ref> Hata hivyo, baada ya mkataba wake wa kianachama kumalizika, hakupata [[mkataba]] wa kitaaluma kutoka Lyon. Kwa hiyo, alijiunga na klabu ya daraja la chini AS Moulins. Baada ya msimu mmoja alihamia AS Lyon Duchère, ambako alicheza kwa misimu minne. Katika majira ya joto ya mwaka 2006, Lemmouchia alihamia Algeria na kusaini mkataba wake wa kwanza wa kitaaluma na ES Sétif. Alikuwa mchezaji muhimu katika kikosi cha klabu hiyo na katika msimu wake wa kwanza aliisaidia ES Sétif kushinda ligi ya Algeria pamoja na Arab Champions League. Tarehe 29 Julai 2011, Lemmouchia alijiunga na USM Alger kwa mkataba wa mwaka mmoja. Katika [[msimu]] wa 2011–12 alicheza mechi 27 na kufunga bao moja. Aliisaidia USM Alger kumaliza katika nafasi ya tatu ya ligi ya Algeria na kufuzu kwa CAF Confederation Cup ya mwaka 2013. Mnamo Agosti 2012, Lemmouchia alisafiri kwenda Tunis kwa ajili ya kufanya mazungumzo na Club Africain. Tarehe 22 Agosti 2012, alisaini mkataba wa mwaka mmoja na klabu hiyo ya Tunisia.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120824045812/http://www.clubafricain.com/articles.asp?artid=554 "Khaled Lemmouchia signe au CA"] (in French). ClubAfricain.com. 22 August 2012. Archived from the original on 24 August 2012. Retrieved 23 August 2012.</ref> == Timu ya taifa == Lemmouchia alichagua kuwakilisha Algeria licha ya kuzaliwa nchini Ufaransa. Akiwa bado kijana katika akademi ya Lyon, aliitwa katika timu ya taifa ya Ufaransa chini ya miaka 17, lakini alikataa mwaliko huo na kuchagua kuichezea Algeria. Mwaka 2000 aliitwa katika timu ya taifa ya Algeria chini ya miaka 20 kwa ajili ya mechi za kufuzu Mashindano ya Vijana ya Afrika ya 2001. Alianza kwa kucheza dhidi ya Libya mjini Algiers, ambapo Algeria ilishinda kwa bao 1–0. Katika mchezo wake wa pili na wa mwisho katika kikosi hicho, Algeria ilitoka sare ya 2–2 dhidi ya [[Ghana]] na kushindwa kufuzu mashindano hayo. Baada ya miaka kadhaa, Lemmouchia aliitwa katika timu ya taifa ya wakubwa. Tarehe 6 Februari 2008, kocha Rabah Saâdane alimjumuisha katika kambi ya mazoezi iliyofanyika Paris, Ufaransa, ikiwa maandalizi ya kampeni ya kufuzu Kombe la Dunia la FIFA 2010. Lemmouchia alicheza mechi yake ya kwanza katika timu ya taifa ya Algeria tarehe 31 Mei 2008 dhidi ya Senegal katika mchezo wa kufuzu Kombe la Dunia la 2010. Aliendelea kuwa sehemu ya timu ya taifa na akashiriki katika Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika 2010 pamoja na African Championship of Nations 2011. Kufikia Agosti 2012, alikuwa amecheza jumla ya mechi 22 kwa Algeria. Wakati wa safari ya timu ya taifa ya Algeria kuelekea Misri kwa ajili ya mchezo wa kufuzu Kombe la [[Dunia]] dhidi ya Misri, Lemmouchia alikuwa miongoni mwa wachezaji waliojeruhiwa katika shambulio dhidi ya basi lililokuwa limewabeba wachezaji wa Algeria. Baadaye alieleza kukatishwa tamaa kwake kwamba mchezo uliendelea licha ya hofu ya wachezaji kuhusu usalama wao. Lemmouchia alijulikana kwa uwezo wake wa kucheza kama kiungo mkabaji, hasa katika kuvunja mashambulizi ya wapinzani na kusaidia ulinzi. Kazi yake ilihusisha kucheza katika ligi za Ufaransa, Algeria na Tunisia, huku kipindi chake cha mafanikio zaidi kikihusishwa na ES Sétif na USM Alger. Pia alibaki kuwa sehemu ya kizazi cha wachezaji wa Algeria kilichoshiriki katika mashindano muhimu ya kimataifa mwishoni mwa miaka ya 2000 na mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 2010. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1981]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Algeria]] ls93su2kzfrlb2v1x3zx2idn66dxhcc 0 248122 1593528 2026-08-30T12:50:11Z Castro255 89781 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mokhtar Amir Lamhene''' (amezaliwa 18 Januari 1990) ni mchezaji wa soka wa Algeria. Anajulikana kwa kushiriki katika soka la ndani nchini [[Algeria]] na aliwahi kuichezea JSM Skikda, klabu iliyoshiriki katika Ligi ya 2 ya Algeria. Taarifa zilizopo kuhusu maisha na taaluma yake ya soka zinaonyesha kuwa sehemu kubwa ya shughuli zake za kimichezo imehusishwa na mfumo wa soka nchini Algeria.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mobile livescore - Flashscore.mobi football s...' 1593528 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mokhtar Amir Lamhene''' (amezaliwa 18 Januari 1990) ni mchezaji wa soka wa Algeria. Anajulikana kwa kushiriki katika soka la ndani nchini [[Algeria]] na aliwahi kuichezea JSM Skikda, klabu iliyoshiriki katika Ligi ya 2 ya Algeria. Taarifa zilizopo kuhusu maisha na taaluma yake ya soka zinaonyesha kuwa sehemu kubwa ya shughuli zake za kimichezo imehusishwa na mfumo wa soka nchini Algeria.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mobile livescore - Flashscore.mobi football scores|url=https://www.flashscore.mobi/?&|work=www.flashscore.mobi|accessdate=2026-08-30|language=en}}</ref> == Maisha na taaluma ya soka == Mokhtar Amir Lamhene alizaliwa tarehe 18 Januari 1990 nchini Algeria. Alikulia katika mazingira ambayo soka ni moja ya michezo maarufu nchini humo. Kama ilivyo kwa wachezaji wengi wa Algeria, maendeleo yake ya kisoka yalihusisha kushiriki katika mfumo wa klabu za ndani kabla ya kufikia ngazi za juu za mashindano ya kitaifa. Lamhene alijenga taaluma yake katika soka la Algeria, ambako alicheza katika mfumo wa [[ligi]] za ndani. Katika kipindi cha taaluma yake, jina lake lilihusishwa na JSM Skikda, klabu ya soka kutoka mji wa Skikda. Klabu hiyo imeshiriki katika mashindano ya ligi za Algeria, ikiwa ni pamoja na Ligi ya 2 ya Algeria.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120926061642/http://www.dzfoot.com/joueur.php?joueur_id=2012&saison_id=17 DZFoot Profile]</ref> Akiwa mchezaji wa JSM Skikda, Lamhene alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi kilichoshiriki katika ushindani wa ligi. Ligi ya 2 ya Algeria ni mojawapo ya ngazi muhimu za mfumo wa soka nchini Algeria na mara nyingi hutumika kama daraja la kuelekea ligi ya juu zaidi. Wachezaji wanaoshiriki katika ligi hiyo hupata nafasi ya kuendeleza uwezo wao na kusaidia klabu zao kupigania kupanda daraja. == JSM Skikda == Lamhene aliichezea JSM Skikda wakati klabu hiyo ilipokuwa ikishiriki katika Ligi ya 2 ya Algeria. JSM Skikda ni klabu yenye historia katika soka la Algeria na imekuwa ikishiriki katika mashindano mbalimbali ya kitaifa. Kucheza katika ligi ya kitaaluma kunahitaji mchezaji kuwa na nidhamu, uwezo wa kufanya [[kazi]] na wachezaji wenzake, pamoja na utayari wa kukabiliana na ushindani wa kila wiki. Lamhene alishiriki katika mazingira hayo akiwa sehemu ya taaluma yake ya soka. Ingawa taarifa zinazopatikana hadharani kuhusu idadi kamili ya mechi alizocheza, mabao aliyofunga na klabu nyingine alizowahi kuzichezea ni chache, taarifa inayojulikana inamtambulisha kama mchezaji wa soka wa Algeria aliyewahi kucheza kwa JSM Skikda katika Ligi ya 2 ya Algeria. == Maisha ya kimataifa == Hakuna taarifa katika maandishi yaliyotolewa zinazoonyesha kwamba Lamhene aliwahi kuitwa au kucheza katika timu ya taifa ya Algeria katika ngazi ya wakubwa au vijana. Kwa hiyo, taarifa kuhusu ushiriki wake katika soka la kimataifa hazijulikani kutokana na vyanzo vilivyotolewa. Taaluma yake inaonekana kuhusishwa zaidi na soka la klabu nchini Algeria. Wachezaji wengi katika ligi za ndani hujenga uzoefu wao kupitia [[mashindano]] ya kitaifa bila necessarily kupata nafasi ya kucheza katika timu ya taifa. Kwa ujumla, Mokhtar Amir Lamhene ni mchezaji wa soka wa Algeria aliyezaliwa tarehe 18 Januari 1990. Anajulikana hasa kwa uhusiano wake na JSM Skikda, klabu iliyoshiriki katika Ligi ya 2 ya Algeria. Ingawa taarifa za kina kuhusu historia yake ya klabu, nafasi yake uwanjani, takwimu za mechi na mabao hazijaainishwa katika taarifa zilizotolewa, ushiriki wake katika soka la Algeria unamweka miongoni mwa wachezaji waliohusika katika mfumo wa ligi za ndani nchini humo. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1990]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Algeria]] ppdfaije8oxwv6mvj38fk264238c9qi 1593580 1593528 2026-08-30T16:51:10Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1593580 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mokhtar Amir Lamhene''' (amezaliwa 18 Januari 1990) ni mchezaji wa soka wa Algeria. Anajulikana kwa kushiriki katika soka la ndani nchini [[Algeria]] na aliwahi kuichezea JSM Skikda, klabu iliyoshiriki katika Ligi ya 2 ya Algeria. Taarifa zilizopo kuhusu maisha na taaluma yake ya soka zinaonyesha kuwa sehemu kubwa ya shughuli zake za kimichezo imehusishwa na mfumo wa soka nchini Algeria.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Mobile livescore - Flashscore.mobi football scores|url=https://www.flashscore.mobi/?&|work=www.flashscore.mobi|accessdate=2026-08-30|language=en}}</ref> == Maisha na taaluma ya soka == Mokhtar Amir Lamhene alizaliwa tarehe 18 Januari 1990 nchini Algeria. Alikulia katika mazingira ambayo soka ni moja ya michezo maarufu nchini humo. Kama ilivyo kwa wachezaji wengi wa Algeria, maendeleo yake ya kisoka yalihusisha kushiriki katika mfumo wa klabu za ndani kabla ya kufikia ngazi za juu za mashindano ya kitaifa. Lamhene alijenga taaluma yake katika soka la Algeria, ambako alicheza katika mfumo wa [[ligi]] za ndani. Katika kipindi cha taaluma yake, jina lake lilihusishwa na JSM Skikda, klabu ya soka kutoka mji wa Skikda. Klabu hiyo imeshiriki katika mashindano ya ligi za Algeria, ikiwa ni pamoja na Ligi ya 2 ya Algeria.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120926061642/http://www.dzfoot.com/joueur.php?joueur_id=2012&saison_id=17 DZFoot Profile]</ref> Akiwa mchezaji wa JSM Skikda, Lamhene alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi kilichoshiriki katika ushindani wa ligi. Ligi ya 2 ya Algeria ni mojawapo ya ngazi muhimu za mfumo wa soka nchini Algeria na mara nyingi hutumika kama daraja la kuelekea ligi ya juu zaidi. Wachezaji wanaoshiriki katika ligi hiyo hupata nafasi ya kuendeleza uwezo wao na kusaidia klabu zao kupigania kupanda daraja. == JSM Skikda == Lamhene aliichezea JSM Skikda wakati klabu hiyo ilipokuwa ikishiriki katika Ligi ya 2 ya Algeria. JSM Skikda ni klabu yenye historia katika soka la Algeria na imekuwa ikishiriki katika mashindano mbalimbali ya kitaifa. Kucheza katika ligi ya kitaaluma kunahitaji mchezaji kuwa na nidhamu, uwezo wa kufanya [[kazi]] na wachezaji wenzake, pamoja na utayari wa kukabiliana na ushindani wa kila wiki. Lamhene alishiriki katika mazingira hayo akiwa sehemu ya taaluma yake ya soka. Ingawa taarifa zinazopatikana hadharani kuhusu idadi kamili ya mechi alizocheza, mabao aliyofunga na klabu nyingine alizowahi kuzichezea ni chache, taarifa inayojulikana inamtambulisha kama mchezaji wa soka wa Algeria aliyewahi kucheza kwa JSM Skikda katika Ligi ya 2 ya Algeria. == Maisha ya kimataifa == Hakuna taarifa katika maandishi yaliyotolewa zinazoonyesha kwamba Lamhene aliwahi kuitwa au kucheza katika timu ya taifa ya Algeria katika ngazi ya wakubwa au vijana. Kwa hiyo, taarifa kuhusu ushiriki wake katika soka la kimataifa hazijulikani kutokana na vyanzo vilivyotolewa. Taaluma yake inaonekana kuhusishwa zaidi na soka la klabu nchini Algeria. Wachezaji wengi katika ligi za ndani hujenga uzoefu wao kupitia [[mashindano]] ya kitaifa bila necessarily kupata nafasi ya kucheza katika timu ya taifa. Kwa ujumla, Mokhtar Amir Lamhene ni mchezaji wa soka wa Algeria aliyezaliwa tarehe 18 Januari 1990. Anajulikana hasa kwa uhusiano wake na JSM Skikda, klabu iliyoshiriki katika Ligi ya 2 ya Algeria. Ingawa taarifa za kina kuhusu historia yake ya klabu, nafasi yake uwanjani, takwimu za mechi na mabao hazijaainishwa katika taarifa zilizotolewa, ushiriki wake katika soka la Algeria unamweka miongoni mwa wachezaji waliohusika katika mfumo wa ligi za ndani nchini humo. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1990]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Algeria]] 09qnd4sbqf9wsfq0zgu3d39jv2vtkkp 828 248123 1593529 2026-08-30T12:50:15Z Gayle157 73366 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '-- Constant data used by [[Module:Political party]] local alternate = { ["U.S. Labor Party of the District of Columbia"] = "U.S. Labor Party", ["U.S. Taxpayers' Party"] = "Constitution Party (US)", ["UDAR"] = "Ukrainian Democratic Alliance for Reform", ["UDI"] = "Union of Democrats and Independents", ["UK National Government"] = "National Government (United Kingdom)", ["UKIP"] = "UK Independence Party", ["Ukrainian Strategy"] = "Ukrainian Strategy...' 1593529 Scribunto text/plain -- Constant data used by [[Module:Political party]] local alternate = { ["U.S. Labor Party of the District of Columbia"] = "U.S. Labor Party", ["U.S. Taxpayers' Party"] = "Constitution Party (US)", ["UDAR"] = "Ukrainian Democratic Alliance for Reform", ["UDI"] = "Union of Democrats and Independents", ["UK National Government"] = "National Government (United Kingdom)", ["UKIP"] = "UK Independence Party", ["Ukrainian Strategy"] = "Ukrainian Strategy of Groysman", ["Ulster Conservatives and Unionists - New Force"] = "Ulster Conservatives and Unionists", ["Ulster Conservatives and Unionists – New Force"] = "Ulster Conservatives and Unionists", -- dash differences ["Ultra-royalist"] = "Legitimists", ["UMkhonto weSizwe (political party)"] = "uMkhonto weSizwe Party", ["uMkhonto weSizwe (political party)"] = "uMkhonto weSizwe Party", ["uMkhonto we Sizwe (political party)"] = "uMkhonto weSizwe Party", ["Unaffiliated"] = "Unaffiliated politician", ["Unang Sigaw ng Nueva Ecija"] = "Unang Sigaw", ["Unconditional Unionist Party (US)"] = "Unconditional Union Party", ["Unconditional Unionist Party"] = "Unconditional Union Party", ["Unidas Podemos cambiar Europa"] = "Unidas Podemos", ["Unidas por Extremadura"] = "Unidas Podemos", ["Unidos Podemos"] = "Unidas Podemos", ["UniTeam"] = "UniTeam", ["United Opposition (Hungary)"] = "United for Hungary", ["Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)"] = "Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)", ["Unified Socialist Party"] = "Unified Socialist Party (France)", ["Union Démocratique Bretonne"] = "Breton Democratic Union", ["Union for Democracy (Finland)"] = "Finnish People's Unity Party", ["Union for France"] = "Rally for the Republic", ["Union for French Democracy (alliance)"] = "Union for French Democracy", ["Union for Latvia"] = "For a Humane Latvia", ["Union for the Presidential Majority"] = "Union for a Popular Movement", ["Union for the Republic-Res Publica"] = "Res Publica Party", ["Union for the Republic–Res Publica"] = "Res Publica Party", -- dash differences ["Union for the Fatherland"] = "Union for the Homeland", ["Union Labor Party (California)"] = "Union Labor Party", ["Union Labor Party (United States)"] = "Union Labor Party", ["Union of Centrists of Menorca"] = "Menorcan Union", ["Union of Christian and Centre Democrats"] = "Union of the Centre (2002)", ["Union of Democrats For Lithuania"] = "Union of Democrats \"For Lithuania\"", ["Union of Franchophones"] = "Union des Francophones", ["Union of the Centre (2008)"] = "Union of the Centre (2002)", ["Union of the Left (Luxembourg)"] = "Radical Socialist Party (Luxembourg)", ["Union of the Left (Poland)"] = "Freedom and Equality", ["Union of the Right (Poland)"] = "Real Politics Union", ["Union Party (United States)"] = "Union Party (US)", ["Union Party (United States, 1850)"] = "Union Party (1850)", ["Unión por la Patria"] = "Union for the Homeland", ["Unionist Party (United States)"] = "Unionist politician (American Civil War)", ["Unionist Party"] = "Unionist politician (American Civil War)", ["Unionist Party (US)"] = "Unionist politician (American Civil War)", ["Unite Freedom Alliance"] = "Unite – Freedom Alliance", ["Unite - Freedom Alliance"] = "Unite – Freedom Alliance", ["United Canarian Left"] = "United Left (Spain)", ["United Citizens Association of Macau"] = "Macau United Citizens Association", ["United Democratic Party (Gambia)"] = "United Democratic Party (The Gambia)", ["United Democrats - Association of Independents"] = "United Democrats – Association of Independents", ["United Future New Zealand"] = "United Future", ["United Galicia Party"] = "United Galicia", ["United Goans Party (Sequeira Group)"]="United Goans Party", ["United Greens of Austria"] = "The Greens – The Green Alternative", ["United Kingdom Independence Party"] = "UK Independence Party", ["United Kingdom Libertarian Party"] = "Libertarian Party (UK)", ["United Labour Party"] = "Unity Labour Party", ["United Labor Party (New York)"] = "United Labor Party (New York City)", ["United Land Party"] = "Sahaphum Party", ["United Left (Costa Rica)"] = "People's Vanguard Party (Costa Rica)", ["United Left (Galicia)"] = "United Left (Spain)", ["United Left and Peasants"] = "Justice Party (Ukraine)", ["United Left Catalonia"] = "United Left (Spain)", ["United Left Extremadura"] = "United Left (Spain)", ["United Left of Aragon"] = "United Left (Spain)", ["United Left of Asturias"] = "United Left (Spain)", ["United Left of Cantabria"] = "United Left (Spain)", ["United Left of Castile and León"] = "United Left (Spain)", ["United Left of Navarre"] = "United Left (Spain)", ["United Left of the Balearic Islands"] = "United Left (Spain)", ["United Left of the Community of Madrid"] = "United Left (Spain)", ["United Left of the Valencian Country"] = "United Left (Spain)", ["United Left–Assembly for Andalusia"] = "United Left (Spain)", ["United Left–Greens of the Region of Murcia"] = "United Left (Spain)", ["United Left–Madrid"] = "United Left (Spain)", ["United List (Latvia)"] = "United List", ["United List of (Slovenia)"] = "Social Democrats (Slovenia)", ["United List of Social Democrats"] = "Social Democrats (Slovenia)", ["United National Movement"] = "United National Movement (Georgia)", ["United National South West Party"] = "United Party (South Africa)", ["United New Democratic Party"] = "Grand Unified Democratic New Party", ["United People's Party (Malaysia)"] = "Sarawak United Party", ["United People's Power Party"] = "People's Power Party (Thailand, 2025)", ["United Progressive Party (Antigua and Barbuda)"] = "United Progressive Party", ["United States Independence Party"] = "Independence Party (US)", ["United States Marijuana Party"] = "Marijuana Party (US)", ["United States Natural Law Party"] = "Natural Law Party (US)", ["United States Whig Party"] = "Whig Party (US)", ["United Thai Nation"] = "United Thai Nation Party", ["United/Reform Coalition"] = "United–Reform Coalition", ["Units Podem Més"] = "Unidas Podemos", ["Unity (Latvian political party)"] = "Unity (Latvia)", ["Unity (political party, Latvia)"] = "Unity (Latvia)", ["Unity (Ukraine)"] = "Unity of Oleksandr Omelchenko", ["Unity For Peace And Socialism"] = "Unity for Peace and Socialism", ["Unity List (Denmark)"] = "Red–Green Alliance (Denmark)", ["Unity Movement for Workers"] = "Workers' Party of Socialist Unity", ["Unity"] = "Unity (Northern Ireland)", ["Unrepresented People’s Party"] = "Unrepresented Peoples Party", ["Unsubmissive France"] = "La France Insoumise", ["Upper House branch of the Lantmanna Party"] = "Lantmanna Party", ["Urban Tax Reform Party"] = "Other parties", ["US Marijuana Party"] = "Marijuana Party (US)", ["US Taxpayers Party"] = "Constitution Party (US)", ["Utah Constitution Party"] = "Constitution Party (US)", ["Utah Democratic Party"] = "Democratic Party (United States)", ["Utah Republican Party"] = "Republican Party (United States)", ["Uttama Prajakeeya Party"] = "Uttama Prajaakeeya Party", 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["Unconditional Union Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#dd3377", shortname = "Unconditional Union",}, ["Unendorsed Labour candidates, 1931"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#D03030", shortname = "Other unendorsed Labour",}, ["Unidad por Chile"] = {abbrev = "UpCh", color = "#F93C3E", shortname = "",}, ["Unid@s Se Puede"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#5A134B", shortname = "",}, ["Unidá"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#08B610", shortname = "",}, ["Unidad Popular"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#DC0C0C", shortname = "",}, ["Unidas Podemos por Andalucía"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#37773E", shortname = "",}, ["Unidas Podemos"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#7B4977", shortname = "",}, ["Unidas por Llangreu"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#7CB742", shortname = "",}, ["Unidas Sí Se Puede Santa Coloma de Gramenet"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#583F81", shortname = "",}, ["Unidos Móstoles"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#DC196F", shortname = "",}, ["Unidos"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#333399", shortname = "",}, ["Unidos (political party)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#E32132", shortname = "",}, ["Unification Party (South Korea)"] = {abbrev = "UP", color = "#008080", shortname = "Unification",}, ["Unification National Party"] = {abbrev = "UNP", color = "#22B14D", shortname = "Unification&nbsp;National",}, ["Unified – Alternative for Patriots"] = {abbrev = "JAP", color = "#FFBFF7", shortname = "",}, ["Unified Armenians Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "blue", shortname = "",}, ["Unified Communist Party of Georgia"] = {abbrev = "SEKP", color = "red", shortname = "",}, ["Unified Communist Party of Spain"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#D20B12", shortname = "",}, ["Unified Democratic Centre"] = {abbrev = "CDU", color = "#085AA4", shortname = "",}, ["Unified Iraqi Turkmen Front"] = {abbrev = "UITF", color = "#0295FC", shortname = "",}, ["Unified Lumumbist Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#b22222", shortname = "",}, ["Unified Progressive Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#663399", shortname = "Unified Progressive",}, ["Unified Radical Civic Union"] = {abbrev = "UCR-U", color = "#E10019", shortname = "",}, ["Unified Resilient St. Maarten Movement"] = {abbrev = "URSM", color = "#00576d", shortname = "",}, ["Unified Socialist Party (Burkina Faso)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "red", shortname = "",}, ["Unified Socialist Party (France)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#e7471e", shortname = "Unified Socialist",}, ["Unified Socialist Party (Italy)"] = {abbrev = "PSU", color = "#E52F63", shortname = "Unified Socialist Party",}, ["Unified Socialist Party (Morocco)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#03377A", shortname = "",}, ["Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia"] = {abbrev = "PSUC", color = "#00A58F", shortname = "",}, ["Unified Socialist Party of Mexico"] = {abbrev = "PSUM", color = "red", shortname = "",}, ["Unió Calvianera"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#215E02", shortname = "",}, ["Unió Campanera"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#197E36", shortname = "",}, ["Unió Mollera Pollencina"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#10A9B7", shortname = "",}, ["Unió Pollencina Independent"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#41B7FD", shortname = "",}, ["Union 55+"] = {abbrev = "U55+", color = "#C373B1", shortname = "",}, ["Union and Change"] = {abbrev = "UNICA", color = "#BFC01D", shortname = "",}, ["Union for a Better Future of BiH"] = {abbrev = "SBB", color = "#213381", shortname = "",}, ["Union for a Popular Movement"] = {abbrev = "UMP", color = "#0051AE", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Almería"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#F4787C", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Benin"] = {abbrev = "UB", color = "#4E1E08", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Cambre"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#007B6B", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Capdepera"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#528646", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Central African Renewal"] = {abbrev = "URCA", color = "#013157", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Change Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FFFF78", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Change"] = {abbrev = "UM", color = "#006600", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Communist Reconstruction"] = {abbrev = "URC", color = "#d00b13", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Córdoba"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#19bc9d", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Democratic Renewal (Senegal)"] = {abbrev = "URD", color = "#C0C0C0", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Democracy (Saint Martin)"] = {abbrev = "UD", color = "#eb6609", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Democracy and Development (Mali)"] = {abbrev = "UDL", color = "#317142", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Democracy and Freedom"] = {abbrev = "UDD", color = "", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Democracy and Peace in Ivory Coast"] = {abbrev = "UDPCI", color = "#01a0e2", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Democracy and Progress"] = {abbrev = "UDP", color = "#0FAF05", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Democracy and Social Integration"] = {abbrev = "UDIS", color = "#ECDA30", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Democracy and Social Progress"] = {abbrev = "UDPS", color = "#CF1020", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Democracy and the Republic (Chad)"] = {abbrev = "UDR", color = "", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Democracy and the Republic (Niger)"] = {abbrev = "UDR", color = "#D80000", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Development"] = {abbrev = "UPD", color = "#FF4500", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Economic Defence"] = {abbrev = "UDE", color = "#53002C", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Elda Progress"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#207524", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Europe"] = {abbrev = "UFE", color = "#4F6BA2", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Europe of the Nations"] = {abbrev = "UEN", color = "#4F6BA2", shortname = "",}, ["Union for France"] = {abbrev = "UPF", color = "", shortname = "",}, ["Union for France (2022)"] = {abbrev = "UPF", color = "#0087CD", shortname = "",}, ["Union for French Democracy"] = {abbrev = "UDF", color = "#00CCCC", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Homeland"] = {abbrev = "UFH", color = "#1E4D2B", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Hope"] = {abbrev = "UNES", color = "#FF4500", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Ivory Coast"] = {abbrev = "UPCI", color = "#ff8080", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Leganés"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#528263", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Liberty"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#73288B", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Multiparty Democracy"] = {abbrev = "UMD", color = "#140FB3", shortname = "",}, ["Union for National Progress"] = {abbrev = "UPRONA", color = "#FF0000", shortname = "",}, ["Union for National Salvation"] = {abbrev = "USN", color = "#EE5C29", shortname = "",}, ["Union for National Self-Determination"] = {abbrev = "UNSD", color = "black", shortname = "",}, ["Union for New Politics"] = {abbrev = "SNP", color = "#44a7d0", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Ordes"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#006B33", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Peace and Development Party"] = {abbrev = "UPD", color = "#008000", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Peru"] = {abbrev = "UPP", color = "#D8242A", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Peace and Progress–Kilusang Bagong Lipunan"] = {abbrev = "UPP–KBL", color = "#FE0000", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Progress and Development"] = {abbrev = "UPD", color = "#FF5A36", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Progress and Reform"] = {abbrev = "UPC", color = "#008800", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Progress and Renewal"] = {abbrev = "UPR", color = "#0070C0", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Promoting Progress"] = {abbrev = "UNIPRO", color = "#183B7D", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Rebirth / Sankarist Party"] = {abbrev = "UNIR/PS", color = "#DE144A", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Renewal and Democracy"] = {abbrev = "URD", color = "#F5ED30", shortname = "",}, ["Union for the Congolese Nation"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#ef1e26", shortname = "",}, ["Union for the Development of the Comoros"] = {abbrev = "UPDC", color = "#4B638C", shortname = "",}, ["Union for the Homeland"] = {abbrev = "UP", color = "#00BEFF", shortname = "",}, ["Union for the Homeland and the People"] = {abbrev = "EPAL", color = "#6be2f8", shortname = "",}, ["Union for the National Democratic Upsurge"] = {abbrev = "USND", color = "#95c2db", shortname = "",}, ["Union for the New Republic (Gabon)"] = {abbrev = "UPNR", color = "#1b429e", shortname = "",}, ["Union for the New Republic (Guinea)"] = {abbrev = "UNR", color = "#0000C8", shortname = "",}, ["Union for the New Republic"] = {abbrev = "UNR", color = "#0000C8", shortname = "",}, ["Union for the Presidential Majority (Djibouti)"] = {abbrev = "UMP", color = "#5FB989", shortname = "",}, ["Union for the Progress of Cantabria"] = {abbrev = "UPCA", color = "#00B0A0", shortname = "",}, ["Union for the Progress of Guinea"] = {abbrev = "UPG", color = "#FFA500", shortname = "",}, ["Union for the Republic (Gabon)"] = {abbrev = "UPR", color = "#1D28D8", shortname = "",}, ["Union for the Republic (Ivory Coast)"] = {abbrev = "UNPR", color = "#2B9CA4", shortname = "",}, ["Union for the Republic (Mauritania)"] = {abbrev = "UPR", color = "#327adc", shortname = "",}, ["Union for the Republic (Togo)"] = {abbrev = "UNIR", color = "#38a8e6", shortname = "",}, ["Union for the Republic and Democracy"] = {abbrev = "URD", color = "#14B53A", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Trentino"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#89CFF0", shortname = "",}, ["Union for Victory Coalition"] = {abbrev = "BF", color = "#1F40DD", shortname = "",}, ["Union Karen League"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#F7CF15", shortname = "",}, ["Union Labor Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#6633CC", shortname = "Union Labor",}, ["Union Makes the Nation"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#DA6201", shortname = "",}, ["Union Monégasque"] = {abbrev = "UM", color = "#DD0000", shortname = "",}, ["Union Movement"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#2F4F4F", shortname = "",}, ["Union nationale"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FFA500", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Albanians of Croatia"] = {abbrev = "UARH", color = "darkred", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Armenians of Romania"] = {abbrev = "UAR", color = "#9A9A9A", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Centrists"] = {abbrev = "EK", color = "#fd7f2b", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Centrists and Ecologists"] = {abbrev = "ECU", color = "#438107", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Chadian Ecologists"] = {abbrev = "UET/Les Verts", color = "", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Chiefs and Peoples of the North"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#6495ED", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Christian Families"] = {abbrev = "ZChR", color = "#0087BD", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Citizens of Badalona"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#8AA8D5", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Citizens of Georgia"] = {abbrev = "SMK", color = "#231577", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Communist Parties – Communist Party of the Soviet Union"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#DE0300", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Communists in Bulgaria"] = {abbrev = "", color = "red", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Communists of Slovakia"] = {abbrev = "ZKS", color = "red", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Communists of Ukraine"] = {abbrev = "SKU", color = "#CC0000", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Congolese Democrats and Liberals"] = {abbrev = "UDLC", color = "#916AB1", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Croats of Romania"] = {abbrev = "ZHR", color = "#004B80", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Democratic and Social Forces"] = {abbrev = "UFDS", color = "", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Democratic Forces (Bulgaria)"] = {abbrev = "SDS", color = "#0A459F", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Democratic Forces (Mauritania)"] = {abbrev = "UFD-EN", color = "#d61821", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Democratic Forces for Progress"] = {abbrev = "UFDP", color = "#FF9113", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Democratic Forces of Guinea"] = {abbrev = "UFDG", color = "#406626", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Democratic Forces/Republican Party"] = {abbrev = "UFD/PR", color = "", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Democrats and Ecologists"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#088A43", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Democrats and Independents"] = {abbrev = "UDI", color = "#35A2EF", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Democrats for Citizenship and Development"] = {abbrev = "", color = "black", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Democrats for Europe"] = {abbrev = "UDEUR", color = "#FF7F00", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Democrats for the Republic"] = {abbrev = "UDR", color = "#0000C8", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Democrats of Ivory Coast"] = {abbrev = "UDCI", color = "#FFD700", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Democrats \"For Lithuania\""] = {abbrev = "DSVL", color = "#002060", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Development"] = {abbrev = "UPD", color = "yellow", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Economic Interests"] = {abbrev = "UIE", color = "#FFFF00", shortname = "",}, ["Union of European Democrats"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FFD403", shortname = "",}, ["Union of European Federalists"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#007B3A", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Everyone"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#95DC5B", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Forces for Change"] = {abbrev = "UFC", color = "#FFCC00", shortname = "",}, ["Union of French Muslim Democrats"] = {abbrev = "UDMF", color = "#9e0000", shortname = "",}, ["Union des Francophones"] = {abbrev = "UF", color = "#00a0af", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Free Democrats"] = {abbrev = "", color = "blue", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Georgian Traditionalists"] = {abbrev = "UGT", color = "#740144", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Greens and Farmers"] = {abbrev = "ZZS", color = "#02723A", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Greens of Russia"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#0B8413", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Humanist Democrats-Yuki"] = {abbrev = "UDH-YUKI", color = "#36b4ff", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Independent Citizens"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#119246", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Independent Nigeriens"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#C0C0C0", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Independent Viguese"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#AD0100", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Independents of Artà"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#68A2B6", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Independents of Sant Cugat"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FFF004", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Islamic Iran People Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#77B5FE", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Kazakhstan's Youth"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#D28095", shortname = "Union of Youth",}, ["Union of Latin American Parties"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#137BC1", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Liberals and Leftists"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#3FFF00", shortname = "Liberals & Leftists",}, ["Union of Liberian Democrats"] = {abbrev = "ULD", color = "#207500", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Mobutist Democrats"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#3AB500", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Moderate Parties"] = {abbrev = "UMP", color = "#02A0E9", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Myanmar Federation of National Politics"] = {abbrev = "UMFNP", color = "#FF0000", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Nigerien Independents and Sympathisers"] = {abbrev = "UNIS", color = "blue", shortname = "",}, ["Union of October 17"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#00529C", shortname = "Octobrist",}, ["Union of Patriotic Forces and Militaries of the Reserve Defense"] = {abbrev = "", color = "darkgreen", shortname = "",}, ["Union of People for Education and Science"] = {abbrev = "SLON", color = "#CACBFB", shortname = "",}, ["Union of People's Parties"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#007FFF", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Persecutees of the Nazi Regime"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#e3001a", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Poles of Romania"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#D4213D", shortname = "Dom Polski",}, ["Union of Populars"] = {abbrev = "ELK", color = "#5376E0", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Popular Forces"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#01411C", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Pro Patria and Res Publica"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#00AEEF", shortname = "Pro Patria and Res Publica",}, ["Union of Progressive Political Forces"] = {abbrev = "SPPS", color = "#67C4CE", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Puerto Rico"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FFBBFF", shortname = "Union",}, ["Union of Radicals, Centrists, Independents and Democrats"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#E2725B", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Reform Forces of Yugoslavia"] = {abbrev = "SRSJ", color = "lightcoral", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Republican Forces"] = {abbrev = "UFR", color = "#0087DC", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Right Forces"] = {abbrev = "SPS", color = "#1042A5", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Right-Wing Parties"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#8CC74B", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Roma in Macedonia"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#008000", shortname = "Union of Roma",}, ["Union of Serbs of Romania"] = {abbrev = "USR", color = "#7D2124", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Settlers and Smallholders"] = {abbrev = "AVK", color = "#065022", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Social Democrats of Bosnia and Herzegovina"] = {abbrev = "", color = "red", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Socialist Movements"] = {abbrev = "UMS", color = "#3F3991", shortname = "",}, ["Union of Talavera and Region"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#F38512", shortname = "",}, ["Union of the Argentine People"] = {abbrev = "UDELPA", color = "#00708B", shortname = "",}, ["Union of the Catalan Left"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#86A837", shortname = "",}, ["Union of the Centre (1993)"] = {abbrev = "UdC", color = "#659EC7", shortname = "",}, ["Union of the Centre (2002)"] = {abbrev = "UDC", color = "#87CEFA", shortname = "",}, ["Union of the Centre and Christian Democracy of Catalonia"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#F8471B", shortname = "",}, ["Union of the Centre of Catalonia"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#03317E", shortname = "",}, ["Union of the Centrist Center"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#B22222", shortname = "",}, ["Union of the Democratic Centre (Argentina)"] = {abbrev = "UCEDE", color = "#6495ED", shortname = "",}, ["Union of the Democratic Centre (Greece)"] = {abbrev = "EDIK", color = "#FF7F50", shortname = "",}, ["Union of the Democratic Centre (Mauritania)"] = {abbrev = "UCD", color = "#1761DA", shortname = "",}, ["Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)"] = {abbrev = "UCD", color = "#197E36", shortname = "",}, ["Union of the Democratic Forces"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#DE3163", shortname = "",}, ["Union of the far right"] = {abbrev = "UXD", color = "#213045", shortname = "",}, ["Union of the Forces of Change (Guinea)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#8DA15A", shortname = "",}, ["Union of the Forces of Progress"] = {abbrev = "UFP", color = "#FF7F00", shortname = "",}, ["Union of the Gabonese People"] = {abbrev = "UPG", color = "blue", shortname = "",}, ["Union of the Left (France)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FFD1DC", shortname = "Union of the Left",}, ["Union of the National Right"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#4A07C8", shortname = "",}, ["Union of the Peoples of Cameroon"] = {abbrev = "UPC", color = "#E50101", shortname = "",}, ["Union of the Peoples of Murcia"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#0D4E8E", shortname = "",}, ["Union of the Right and Centre"] = {abbrev = "UDC", color = "#71BBDE", shortname = "",}, ["Union of the Right for the Republic"] = {abbrev = "UDR", color = "#004B8F", shortname = "",}, ["Union of the Salamancan People"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#00009F", shortname = "",}, ["Union of the Ukrainians of Romania"] = {abbrev = "SUR", color = "#0057b7", shortname = "",}, ["Union of the Workers of Slovakia"] = {abbrev = "ZRS", color = "#8B0000", shortname = "",}, ["Union Party (1850)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FFAADD", shortname = "Union",}, ["Union Party (Faroe Islands)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#006CB4", shortname = "Union",}, ["Union Party (Lebanon)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#8B8589", shortname = "Union Party",}, ["Union Party (US)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#7F3300", shortname = "Union",}, ["Union Party for the People"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FF8C00", shortname = "Party of the U",}, ["Union Patriots Ilois Mauriciens"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#DDCBC7", shortname = "",}, ["Union Political Movement"] = {abbrev = "MPU", color = "#8CD7F6", shortname = "",}, ["Unión por San Luis"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#00ADEE", shortname = "",}, ["Unión Portuense"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#6DAB3C", shortname = "",}, ["Union Progressive Party (Illinois)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#7F3300", shortname = "Union Progressive",}, ["Union Solidarity and Development Party"] = {abbrev = "USDP", color = "#00623D", shortname = "",}, ["Union, Progress and Democracy"] = {abbrev = "UPyD", color = "#E9008C", shortname = "",}, ["Unionist Democratic Union"] = {abbrev = "UDU", color = "Maroon", shortname = "",}, ["Unionist Party (Guatemala)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#273284", shortname = "Unionist",}, ["Unionist Party (Guatemala, 1920)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#5DADE2", shortname = "Unionist",}, ["Unionist Party (Punjab)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#0000FF", shortname = "Unionist",}, ["Unionist Party (Scotland)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#5555FF", shortname = "Unionist",}, ["Unionist Party (South Africa)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#9ACD32", shortname = "Unionist",}, ["Unionist Party (UK)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#0087DC", shortname = "Unionist",}, ["Unionist Party of Northern Ireland"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#ffa07a", shortname = "Unionist Party NI",}, ["Unionist politician (American Civil War)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#ffaacc", shortname = "Union",}, ["Unique Gorani Party"] = {abbrev = "JGP", color = "#FFCF40", shortname = "",}, ["UNIR Constitutional Nationalist Party"] = {abbrev = "PNC–UNIR", color = "#004298", shortname = "UNIR Party",}, ["Unir Movement"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#D60B51", shortname = "",}, ["UNITA"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#006600", shortname = "",}, ["Unitarian Candidacy of Workers"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#117D25", shortname = "",}, ["Unitarian Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#6495ED", shortname = "Unitarian",}, ["Unitarian Socialist Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#8B1C62", shortname = "Unitarian Socialists",}, ["Unitary Candidacy of Estella"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#C56E8B", shortname = "",}, ["Unitary Democratic Coalition (2022)"] = {abbrev = "CDU", color = "#84AD15", shortname = "",}, ["Unitary Democratic Coalition"] = {abbrev = "CDU", color = "#FF0000", shortname = "",}, ["Unitary Dynamik South"] = {abbrev = "DUS", color = "#97c642", shortname = "",}, ["Unitary National Liberation Front"] = {abbrev = "JNOF", color = "#DD0000", shortname = "",}, ["Unitary Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#ADD8E6", shortname = "",}, ["Unitary Party for the Construction of Mauritania"] = {abbrev = "PUCM", color = "#F7941D", shortname = "",}, ["Unitary Platform"] = {abbrev = "PUD", color = "#01378F", shortname = "",}, ["Unitary Socialist Party (Italy, 1922)"] = {abbrev = "PSU", color = "#E35A5A", shortname = "",}, ["Unitary Socialist Party–Socialist Agreement"] = {abbrev = "PSU–IS", color = "#DB341E", shortname = "",}, ["Unitat pel Canvi Sabadell"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#5E305B", shortname = "",}, ["Unite por la Libertad y la Dignidad"] = {abbrev = "UNITE", color = "#6bc1e4", shortname = "",}, ["Unite Principality"] = {abbrev = "SMP", color = "#011A5D", shortname = "",}, ["Unite – Freedom Alliance"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FF6002", shortname = "Enóno",}, ["UniTeam"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#006B5C", shortname = "UniTeam",}, ["United (Canarian electoral alliance)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#26348C", shortname = "",}, ["United Abkhazia"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#C92D25", shortname = "",}, ["United Action Alliance"] = {abbrev = "UAA", color = "#e70012", shortname = "",}, ["United African National Council"] = {abbrev = "UANC", color = "#808000", shortname = "",}, ["United Africans Transformation"] = {abbrev = "UAT", color = "#363362", shortname = "",}, ["United Algeciran Youth"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#34C4F9", shortname = "",}, ["United Alliance (Montserrat)"] = {abbrev = "UA", color = "#042169", shortname = "",}, ["United Alliance Sabah"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#0AD9EF", shortname = "",}, ["United and Alternative Left"] = {abbrev = "EUiA", color = "#D21145", shortname = "",}, ["United and Republican Left"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#D63231", shortname = "",}, ["United Anti-Capitalist Left"] = {abbrev = "ENANTIA", color = "#c3161c", shortname = "",}, ["United Ants"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#000000", shortname = "",}, ["United Arab List (1977)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#C61318", shortname = "United Arab List",}, ["United Arab List"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#15793D", shortname = "Ra'am",}, ["United Armenia Party (Armenia)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#F7A921", shortname = "",}, ["United Australia Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#00008B", shortname = "United Australia",}, ["United Australia Party (2013)"] = {abbrev = "UAP", color = "#FFED00", shortname = "United Australia",}, ["United Australia Party (Australian Capital Territory)"] = {abbrev = "UAP", color = "#FFED00", shortname = "United Australia"}, ["United Australia Party (New South Wales)"] = {abbrev = "UAP", color = "#FFED00", shortname = "United Australia"}, ["United Australia Party (Northern Territory)"] = {abbrev = "UAP", color = "#FFED00", shortname = "United Australia"}, ["United Australia Party (Queensland)"] = {abbrev = "UAP", color = "#FFED00", shortname = "United Australia"}, ["United Australia Party (South Australia)"] = {abbrev = "UAP", color = "#FFED00", shortname = "United Australia"}, ["United Australia Party (Tasmania)"] = {abbrev = "UAP", color = "#FFED00", shortname = "United Australia"}, ["United Australia Party (Victoria)"] = {abbrev = "UAP", color = "#FFED00", shortname = "United Australia"}, ["United Australia Party (Western Australia)"] = {abbrev = "UAP", color = "#FFED00", shortname = "United Australia"}, ["United Bahamian Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#02006c", shortname = "",}, ["United Bangsamoro Justice Party"] = {abbrev = "UBJP", color = "#1d5d20", shortname = "",}, ["United Benguet Party"] = {abbrev = "UBP", color = "#054139", shortname = "United Benguet",}, ["United Bermuda Party"] = {abbrev = "UBP", color = "#3366cc", shortname = "",}, ["United Black Association for Development"] = {abbrev = "UBAD", color = "#000000", shortname = "",}, ["United Bumiputera Heritage Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#F0E98B", shortname = "",}, ["United Can Picafort"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#567297", shortname = "",}, ["United Canarian People"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#F73431", shortname = "",}, ["United Cantabrian Left Group"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#E71839", shortname = "",}, ["United Centre (Chile)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#037E3B", shortname = "",}, ["United Centre"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FFE200", shortname = "",}, ["United Ceuta"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#4A4542", shortname = "",}, ["United China Party"] = {abbrev = "UCP", color = "#652d92", shortname = "",}, ["United Christian Democratic Party"] = {abbrev = "UCDP", color = "#77A32E", shortname = "",}, ["United Christian Democrats"] = {abbrev = "CDU", color = "lightblue", shortname = "",}, ["United Christian Party (Hungary)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#006857", shortname = "United Christian",}, ["United Christians Strengthening Aruba's Potential"] = {abbrev = "CURPA", color = "purple", shortname = "",}, ["United Citizen Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#04B486", shortname = "",}, ["United Citizens"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#B8BFFE", shortname = "",}, ["United Citizens Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#778899", shortname = "United Citizens",}, ["United Civic Alliance Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#253F9E", shortname = "",}, ["United Civic Party"] = {abbrev = "UCP", color = "#DB000F", shortname = "",}, ["United Civil Front"] = {abbrev = "OGF", color = "#134EA2", shortname = "",}, ["United Coalition"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#1863DC", shortname = "",}, ["United Coalition Party"] = {abbrev = "KTK", color = "#31b561", shortname = "",}, ["United Communist League of Bangladesh"] = {abbrev = "UCL", color = "#EC435A", shortname = "",}, ["United Communist Party of Armenia"] = {abbrev = "HMKK", color = "red", shortname = "",}, ["United Communist Party of India"] = {abbrev = "UCPI", color = "red", shortname = "",}, ["United Congress (South Africa)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#50C878", shortname = "",}, ["United Conservative Party (Chile)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#0000FF", shortname = "United Conservative",}, ["United Conservative Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#0000FF", shortname = "",}, ["United Country Party (Australia)"] = {abbrev = "UCP", color = "#006644", shortname = "United Country",}, ["United Cyprus Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FF0000", shortname = "",}, ["United Democrat Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "black", shortname = "United Democrat",}, ["United Democratic Alliance (Kenya)"] = {abbrev = "UDA", color = "#F4CB23", shortname = "",}, ["United Democratic Alliance (Liberia)"] = {abbrev = "UDA", color = "#59ab3f", shortname = "",}, ["United Democratic Alliance (Nagaland)"] = {abbrev = "UDA", color = "#800000", shortname = "",}, ["United Democratic Alliance (Zambia)"] = {abbrev = "UDA", color = "yellow", shortname = "",}, ["United Democratic Centre (El Salvador)"] = {abbrev = "CDU", color = "#FFFF00", shortname = "",}, ["United Democratic Electoral Commission"] = {abbrev = "CEUD", color = "red", shortname = "",}, ["United Democratic Forces"] = {abbrev = "ODS", color = "#0C4BAC", shortname = "",}, ["United Democratic Forces of Belarus"] = {abbrev = "ADSB", color = "#FF0000", shortname = "",}, ["United Democratic Forum Party"] = {abbrev = "UDF", color = "#FFF100", shortname = "",}, ["United Democratic Front (Arunachal Pradesh)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#800000", shortname = "",}, ["United Democratic Front (Botswana)"] = {abbrev = "UDF", color = "Orange", shortname = "",}, ["United Democratic Front (India)"] = {abbrev = "UDF", color = "skyblue", shortname = "",}, ["United Democratic Front (Kerala)"] = {abbrev = "UDF", color = "#0078FF", shortname = "",}, ["United Democratic Front (Malawi)"] = {abbrev = "UDF", color = "#F8DA00", shortname = "",}, ["United Democratic Front (Nagaland)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#800000", shortname = "",}, ["United Democratic Front (Namibia)"] = {abbrev = "UDF", color = "#314BB2", shortname = "",}, ["United Democratic Front (Thailand)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#CFECEC", shortname = "United Democratic",}, ["United Democratic Front"] = {abbrev = "UDF", color = "#add8e6", shortname = "",}, ["United Democratic Independent Front"] = {abbrev = "FUDI", color = "darkred", shortname = "",}, ["United Democratic Left"] = {abbrev = "EDA", color = "lightblue", shortname = "",}, ["United Democratic Movement"] = {abbrev = "UDM", color = "#FFB300", shortname = "",}, ["United Democratic Movement (Kenya)"] = {abbrev = "UDM", color = "#F6FC4F", shortname = "",}, ["United Democratic Party (Belize)"] = {abbrev = "UDP", color = "#CE1126", shortname = "",}, ["United Democratic Party (Cayman Islands)"] = {abbrev = "UDP", color = "#458A75", shortname = "",}, ["United Democratic Party (Kenya)"] = {abbrev = "UDP", color = "#A42D31", shortname = "",}, ["United Democratic Party (Malaysia)"] = {abbrev = "UDP", color = "#FF0000", shortname = "",}, ["United Democratic Party (Meghalaya)"] = {abbrev = "UDP", color = "#FE0002", shortname = "",}, ["United Democratic Party (Solomon Islands)"] = {abbrev = "UDP", color = "#F0E68C", shortname = "United Democratic",}, ["United Democratic Party (South Korea, 1995)"] = {abbrev = "UDP", color = "red", shortname = "United Democratic",}, ["United Democratic Party (South Korea, 2008)"] = {abbrev = "UDP", color = "#419639", shortname = "United Democratic",}, ["United Democratic Party (Sweden)"] = {abbrev = "FDP", color = "#006BA7", shortname = "",}, ["United Democratic Party (Tanzania)"] = {abbrev = "UDP", color = "#437806", shortname = "",}, ["United Democratic Party (The Gambia)"] = {abbrev = "UDP", color = "#FEE119", shortname = "",}, ["United Democratic Sabah People's Power Party"] = {abbrev = "SETIA", color = "", shortname = "",}, ["United Democratic Serbia"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FDB515", shortname = "",}, ["United Democratic Voice"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#2a5ea7", shortname = "",}, ["United Democrats (Sint Maarten)"] = {abbrev = "UD", color = "#3BB54C", shortname = "",}, ["United Democrats – Association of Independents"] = {abbrev = "SD–SN", color = "#00397C", shortname = ""}, ["United Democrats of Hong Kong"] = {abbrev = "UDHK", color = "#136C56", shortname = "United Democrats",}, ["United Democrats"] = {abbrev = "EDI", color = "#FFD700", shortname = "",}, ["United Development Party"] = {abbrev = "PPP", color = "#00A100", shortname = "",}, ["United Dominica Labour Party"] = {abbrev = "UDLP", color = "#308399", shortname = "",}, ["United Ecuadorian"] = {abbrev = "EU", color = "#2C3268", shortname = "",}, ["United Electoral Front of Workers, Farmers and Refugees"] = {abbrev = "EMEAP", color = "#E30301", shortname = "",}, ["United Ethiopian Democratic Forces"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#04A507", shortname = "",}, ["United Extremadura"] = {abbrev = "EU", color = "#085500", shortname = "",}, ["United Federal Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#0087DC", shortname = "United Party",}, ["United for a New Alternative"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#3C3C3C", shortname = "",}, ["United for Change (Lesotho)"] = {abbrev = "UFC", color = "#17b932", shortname = "United for Change",}, ["United for Change (United Kingdom)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#000000", shortname = "United for Change",}, ["United for Chiclana"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#9E1831", shortname = "",}, ["United for Gran Canaria"] = {abbrev = "UxGC", color = "#26348C", shortname = "",}, ["United for Guadalcacín"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#13693C", shortname = "",}, ["United for Human Rights"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#F79CD0", shortname = "",}, ["United for Justice"] = {abbrev = "UZP", color = "#749C75", shortname = "",}, ["United for Lanzarote"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#0196BB", shortname = "",}, ["United for Latvia"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#C7057F", shortname = "",}, ["United for Macedonia"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#F7C317", shortname = "",}, ["United for Paracuellos"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#4B8642", shortname = "",}, ["United for Torrent"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#A14C73", shortname = "",}, ["United for the Future (Spain)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#6E0374", shortname = "",}, ["United for the Peoples"] = {abbrev = "A-UPP", color = "#FFC502", shortname = "",}, ["United for the Victory of Serbia"] = {abbrev = "UZPS", color = "#2578CC", shortname = "",}, ["United for Valencia"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#084D84", shortname = "",}, ["United Free Citizens"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#B11C05", shortname = "",}, ["United Front (Ceylon)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#0000FF", shortname = "",}, ["United Front (East Pakistan)"] = {abbrev = "UF", color = "#FF0000", shortname = "",}, ["United Front (India, 1996)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "", shortname = "United Front",}, ["United Front (PRC)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#BC0101", shortname = "United Front",}, ["United Front (Singapore)"] = {abbrev = "UF", color = "#FF9900", shortname = "",}, ["United Front (Trinidad and Tobago)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#faf333", shortname = "",}, ["United Front for the Service of the People"] = {abbrev = "UFSP", color = "#000000", shortname = "",}, ["United Front of Nagaland"] = {abbrev = "UDF", color = "#40FF40", shortname = "",}, ["United Front Party (Ghana)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "black", shortname = "",}, ["United Future Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#EF426F", shortname = "United Future",}, ["United Future"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#501557", shortname = "",}, ["United Galicia"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#93E4FF", shortname = "",}, ["United Gipuzkoa"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#4A4961", shortname = "",}, ["United Granada"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#AB7038", shortname = "",}, ["United Goans Democratic Party"] = {abbrev = "UGDP", color = "#5bb30e", shortname = "",}, ["United Goans Party"] = {abbrev = "UGP", color = "#CA8642", shortname = "",}, ["United Goans Party (Sequeira Group)"] = {abbrev = "UGP(S)", color = "#CA8642", shortname = "",}, ["United Gold Coast Convention"] = {abbrev = "UGCC", color = "#008000", shortname = "",}, ["United Guadeloupe, Socialism and Realities"] = {abbrev = "GUSR", color = "#FD3F92", shortname = "",}, ["United Guadeloupe, Solidary and Responsible"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#263E7E", shortname = "",}, ["United Hearts Movement"] = {abbrev = "MCU", color = "#0B72C6", shortname = "",}, ["United Homeland Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#203763", shortname = "",}, ["United Hutt"] = {abbrev = "UH", color = "darkblue", shortname = "",}, ["United in Europe"] = {abbrev = "UiE", color = "#000080", shortname = "",}, ["United in Hope"] = {abbrev = "BBY", color = "#7A4D30", shortname = "",}, ["United Independent Front"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#000000", shortname = "",}, ["United Independent Movement"] = {abbrev = "", color = "black", shortname = "",}, ["United Independent Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#11426D", shortname = "United Independent",}, ["United Independents (Chile)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#274470", shortname = "United Independents",}, ["United Independents"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#9966CC", shortname = "",}, ["United Independents' Congress of Jamaica"] = {abbrev = "UIC", color = "#2B296A", shortname = "UIC Jamaica",}, ["United Irish League"] = {abbrev = "UIL", color = "#90EE90", shortname = "United Irish League",}, ["United Kingdom First Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#00009C", shortname = "UK First",}, ["United Kyrgyzstan"] = {abbrev = "BK", color = "#DF2D13", shortname = "Butun Kyrgyzstan",}, ["United Korea Party (1962)"] = {abbrev = "UK", color = "#312F2A", shortname = "United Korea",}, ["United La Coruña"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#4B4A46", shortname = "",}, ["United Labor Party (New York City)"] = {abbrev = "ULP", color = "#ff5500", shortname = "United Labor",}, ["United Labour Front"] = {abbrev = "ULF", color = "#aaa9ad", shortname = "",}, ["United Labour Party (Armenia)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#2A5E41", shortname = "",}, ["United Labour Party (New Zealand)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FF4040", shortname = "United Labour",}, ["United Labour Party (Northern Ireland)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#ff0000", shortname = "United Labour",}, ["United Labour Party (Papua New Guinea)"] = {abbrev = "ULP", color = "#F79122", shortname = "",}, ["United Lanka People's Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#DAEA67", shortname = "",}, ["United Left (Argentina)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#CC2D2A", shortname = "United Left",}, ["United Left (Bolivia)"] = {abbrev = "IU", color = "#FFE44A", shortname = "",}, ["United Left (Greece)"] = {abbrev = "EA", color = "#EC1C24", shortname = "",}, ["United Left (Ireland)"] = {abbrev = "UL", color = "#FF5555", shortname = "United Left",}, ["United Left (Peru)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#800000", shortname = "United Left",}, ["United Left (Poland)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#EC1C24", shortname = "",}, ["United Left (San Marino)"] = {abbrev = "SU", color = "#BE1824", shortname = "",}, ["United Left (Slovenia)"] = {abbrev = "ZL", color = "#ff3732", shortname = "",}, ["United Left (Spain)"] = {abbrev = "IU", color = "#732021", shortname = "",}, ["United Left Alliance"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FF3300", shortname = "",}, ["United Left of the Valencian Country (1978)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#E34234", shortname = "",}, ["United Left–Greens"] = {abbrev = "EB–B", color = "#D46459", shortname = "",}, ["United Left–Valencian People's Union"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FF787F", shortname = "",}, ["United Left/The Greens–Assembly for Andalusia"] = {abbrev = "IULV–CA", color = "#009150", shortname = "",}, ["United Liberal Democrats"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#009035", shortname = "United&nbsp;Liberal&nbsp;Democrats",}, ["United Liberal Party (Chile)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "gold", shortname = "United Liberal",}, ["United Liberal Party (Zambia)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "yellow", shortname = "",}, ["United Linares Independent Citizens"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#8D2E23", shortname = "",}, ["United List"] = {abbrev = "AS", color = "#FFAC01", shortname = "",}, ["United Malays National Organisation"] = {abbrev = "UMNO", color = "#C00000", shortname = "",}, ["United Minorities Front, Assam"] = {abbrev = "UMFA", color = "#348017", shortname = "",}, ["United Montenegro"] = {abbrev = "UCG", color = "#2598D4", shortname = "",}, ["United Motherland"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#E31E24", shortname = "United&nbsp;Motherland",}, ["United National Congress"] = {abbrev = "UNC", color = "#ffd400", shortname = "",}, ["United National Council"] = {abbrev = "UNC", color= "#225BA8", shortname = "",}, ["United National Federal Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FFFF33", shortname = "",}, ["United National Freedom Front"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#F7B930", shortname = "",}, ["United National Front (Afghanistan)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "black", shortname = "United National Front",}, ["United National Front (Singapore)"] = {abbrev = "UNF", color = "", shortname = "",}, ["United National Front (Sri Lanka)"] = {abbrev = "UNF", color = "#008000", shortname = "United National Front",}, ["United National Front for Good Governance"] = {abbrev = "UNFGG", color = "#1CAE05", shortname = "",}, ["United National Independence Party"] = {abbrev = "UNIP", color = "#177618", shortname = "",}, ["United National Initiative (Armenia)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#202C56", shortname = "",}, ["United National Loktantrik Party"] = {abbrev = "UNLP", color = "#9A2EFE", shortname = "",}, ["United National Movement (Georgia)"] = {abbrev = "UNM", color = "#BC0000", shortname = "",}, ["United National Movement (Saint Kitts-Nevis-Anguilla)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#4197d1", shortname = "",}, ["United National Party"] = {abbrev = "UNP", color = "#07AF14", shortname = "",}, ["United National Progressive Alliance"] = {abbrev = "TF", color = "red", shortname = "",}, ["United National Workers' Party"] = {abbrev = "PUNT", color = "#989898", shortname = "",}, ["United Nationalist Alliance"] = {abbrev = "UNA", color = "#FE4D00", shortname = "",}, ["United Nationalist Democratic Organization"] = {abbrev = "UNIDO", color = "#FFFF00", shortname = "",}, ["United Nationalist Movement"] = {abbrev = "ENEK", color = "black", shortname = "",}, ["United Namibians Party"] = {abbrev = "UNP", color = "#5A9BD5", shortname = "",}, ["United Negros Alliance"] = {abbrev = "UNegA", color = "#043927", shortname = "",}, ["United Neighbours"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#2A7F9E", shortname = "",}, ["United New Zealand"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#663377", shortname = "United NZ",}, ["United for Hungary"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#4CB5A2", shortname = "",}, ["United for Venezuela"] = {abbrev = "UNPARVE", color = "", shortname = "",}, ["United Opposition (Philippines)"] = {abbrev = "UNO", color = "#0000FF", shortname = "",}, ["United Opposition of Serbia"] = {abbrev = "UOPS", color = "#1982C3", shortname = "",}, ["United Opposition of Serbia (1990)"] = {abbrev = "UOS", color = "#3BB8CC", shortname = "",}, ["United Ossetia"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#3498DB", shortname = "",}, ["United Parties"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#800080", shortname = "",}, ["United Party (Gambia)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "black", shortname = "",}, ["United Party (Ghana)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#008000", shortname = "",}, ["United Party (Indonesia)"] = {abbrev = "PP", color = "#00923F", shortname = "",}, ["United Party (New Zealand)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#BBFFFF", shortname = "United",}, ["United Party (Papua New Guinea)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#D25A52", shortname = "United Party",}, ["United Party (South Africa)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#318CE7", shortname = "United",}, ["United Party (Western Australia)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#6495ED", shortname = "United",}, ["United Party for Development and Democracy"] = {abbrev = "PUDD", color = "#FFD700", shortname = "",}, ["United Party for National Development"] = {abbrev = "UPND", color = "#D23438", shortname = "",}, ["United Party of Independent Alliance"] = {abbrev = "UPIA", color = "#B72024", shortname = "",}, ["United Party of Retirees and Pensioners"] = {abbrev = "PURP", color = "#1CB878", shortname = "",}, ["United Party of the Socialist Revolution of Cuba"] = {abbrev = "PURSC", color = "#FF0000", shortname = "",}, ["United Pasok Momogun Organisation"] = {abbrev = "UPMO", color = "blue", shortname = "",}, ["United Pasok Nunukragang National Organisation"] = {abbrev = "PASOK", color = "indigo", shortname = "",}, ["United Pasokmomogun Kadazan Organisation"] = {abbrev = "UPKO", color = "#ABCDFF", shortname = "",}, ["United Pasokmomogun Kadazandusun Murut Organisation"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#ABCDFF", shortname = "",}, ["United Pasokmomogun Kadazandusun Organisation"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#00008B", shortname = "",}, ["United Patriots"] = {abbrev = "OP", color = "#009B75", shortname = "",}, ["United Peace Alliance"] = {abbrev = "UPA", color = "#5FA63E", shortname = "",}, ["United Peasant Party"] = {abbrev = "USS", color = "#2A9A6C", shortname = "",}, ["United People (Chile)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#E4040F", shortname = "",}, ["United People (Costa Rica)"] = {abbrev = "PU", color = "#AD0430", shortname = "",}, ["United People Alliance"] = {abbrev = "APU", color = "#EB3D43", shortname = "",}, ["United People for Social Renovation"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#8B4513", shortname = "",}, ["United People's Coalition"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#00A86B", shortname = "",}, ["United People's Democratic Party"] = {abbrev = "UPDP", color = "#0280D4", shortname = "",}, ["United People's Freedom Alliance"] = {abbrev = "UPFA", color = "#1609F7", shortname = "",}, ["United People's Front"] = {abbrev = "FPU", color = "#CAB24F", shortname = "",}, ["United People's Front (Singapore)"] = {abbrev = "UPF", color = "#00CB00", shortname = "",}, ["United People's Front of Nepal"] = {abbrev = "", color = "darkred", shortname = "",}, ["United People's Movement (Cayman Islands)"] = {abbrev = "UPM", color = "#FFA500", shortname = "",}, ["United People's Movement (Colombia)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#483674", shortname = "",}, ["United People's Movement (Namibia)"] = {abbrev = "UPM", color = "#00A064", shortname = "",}, ["United People's Party (Bulgaria)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#0060AA", shortname = "",}, ["United People's Party (Liberia)"] = {abbrev = "UPP", color = "#ff0000", shortname = "",}, ["United People's Party (Poland)"] = {abbrev = "ZSL", color = "#05764E", shortname = "",}, ["United People's Party (Singapore)"] = {abbrev = "UPP", color = "#0055FE", shortname = "",}, ["United People's Party (Sint Maarten)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#94D60A", shortname = "",}, ["United People's Party (South Korea)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#229875", shortname = "",}, ["United People's Party (UK)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#339900", shortname = "United People's Party",}, ["United People's Party (Zimbabwe)"] = {abbrev = "UPP", color = "#40E0D0", shortname = "",}, ["United People's Party Liberal"] = {abbrev = "UPPL", color = "#FAED09", shortname = "",}, ["United People's Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#A3B847", shortname = "",}, ["United People's Progressive Party"] = {abbrev = "ONPP", color = "#B87333", shortname = "",}, ["United People"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#0066ff", shortname = "",}, ["United Peoples Party (Fiji)"] = {abbrev = "UPP", color = "#32CD32", shortname = "",}, ["United Peoples' Democratic Party"] = {abbrev = "UDUB", color = "#008000", shortname = "",}, ["United Peoples' Party (Bangladesh)"] = {abbrev = "UPP", color = "#00DACA", shortname = "",}, ["United Peru Democratic Party"] = {abbrev = "PDUP", color = "#01A743", shortname = "",}, ["United Poland"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#19224e", shortname = "",}, ["United Pontevedra"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#0099C6", shortname = "",}, ["United Popular Front (Iraq)"] = {abbrev = "UPF", color = "yellow", shortname = "",}, ["United Popular Front"] = {abbrev = "EPAM", color = "#17479D", shortname = "",}, ["United Progressive Alliance (Kenya)"] = {abbrev = "UPA", color = "#EC2328", shortname = "",}, ["United Progressive Alliance (Sri Lanka)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FF8C00", shortname = "",}, ["United Progressive Alliance"] = {abbrev = "UPA", color = "#00BFFF", shortname = "",}, ["United Progressive Kinabalu Organisation"] = {abbrev = "UPKO", color = "#ABCDFF", shortname = "",}, ["United Progressive Party"] = {abbrev = "UPP", color = "#010F71", shortname = "",}, ["United Progressive Party (Barbados)"] = {abbrev = "UPP", color = "#F59324", shortname = "",}, ["United Progressive Party (Ghana)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "blue", shortname = "",}, ["United Progressive Party (Nigeria)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#05643a", shortname = "",}, ["United Progressive Party (Pakistan)"] = {abbrev = "UPP", color = "#FFFFFF", shortname = "",}, ["United Progressive Party (Saint Vincent and the Grenadines)"] = {abbrev = "UPP", color = "#0083FF", shortname = "",}, ["United Provinces (political coalition)"] = {abbrev = "PU", color = "#FF682C", shortname = "",}, ["United Reform Action"] = {abbrev = "URA", color = "#00cc55", shortname = "",}, ["United Regional Front"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#EC2125", shortname = "",}, ["United Regions of Serbia"] = {abbrev = "URS", color = "#3BB9FF", shortname = "",}, ["United Religious Front"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#172d81", shortname = "",}, ["United Republic"] = {abbrev = "RS", color = "#687CD5", shortname = "",}, ["United Republican Front"] = {abbrev = "URF", color = "teal", shortname = "",}, ["United Republican Party (Guyana)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FFD700", shortname = "",}, ["United Republican Party (Kenya)"] = {abbrev = "URP", color = "#FFD32C", shortname = "",}, ["United Republicans"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#651F7A", shortname = "",}, ["United Resources Party"] = {abbrev = "URP", color = "#F0E91A", shortname = "",}, ["United Revolutionary Nationalist Movement"] = {abbrev = "MNRU", color = "#EB23BC", shortname = "",}, ["United Rhodesia Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#0087DC", shortname = "United",}, ["United Right (Poland)"] = {abbrev = "ZP", color = "#27357e", shortname = "",}, ["United Right Alliance"] = {abbrev = "ADU", color = "#02275E", shortname = "",}, ["United Right Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#1B49DD", shortname = "",}, ["United Roma Party of Kosovo"] = {abbrev = "PREBK", color = "#009933", shortname = "",}, ["United Romania Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#213C93", shortname = "",}, ["United Rotenians"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#00572E", shortname = "",}, ["United Russia"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#2e4ea4", shortname = "",}, ["United Sabah Alliance"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#1A1A1A", shortname = "",}, ["United Sabah Assembly Party"] = {abbrev = "PUSAKA", color = "", shortname = "",}, ["United Sabah National Organisation"] = {abbrev = "USNO", color = "#008000", shortname = "",}, ["United Sabah National Organisation (New)"] = {abbrev = "USNO (Baru)", color = "#678F43", shortname = "",}, ["United Sabah Party"] = {abbrev = "PBS", color = "#ADD8E6", shortname = "",}, ["United Salou Popular Action"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#F8BD17", shortname = "",}, ["United Sarawak Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FBFF94", shortname = "",}, ["United Serbia"] = {abbrev = "JS", color = "#800000", shortname = "",}, ["United Serbia (coalition)"] = {abbrev = "UZPS", color = "#2578CC", shortname = "",}, ["United Seychelles"] = {abbrev = "US", color = "#ba2833", shortname = "",}, ["United Social Democratic Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "green", shortname = "",}, ["United Social Democratic Party (Romania)"] = {abbrev = "PSD Unit", color = "#623A9D", shortname = "",}, ["United Socialist Alliance"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FF0000", shortname = "",}, ["United Socialist Party (Bolivia)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FF4500", shortname = "",}, ["United Socialist Party (Sri Lanka)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FF0000", shortname = "",}, ["United Socialist Party (UK)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#E32636", shortname = "United Socialist",}, ["United Socialist Party of Venezuela"] = {abbrev = "PSUV", color = "#E34D5C", shortname = "",}, ["United Socialist Workers' Party"] = {abbrev = "PSTU", color = "#C4122D", shortname = "",}, ["United Society"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FDDE0B", shortname = "",}, ["United Somali Congress"] = {abbrev = "USC", color = "#39944A", shortname = "",}, ["United Srpska"] = {abbrev = "US", color = "#00008B", shortname = "",}, ["United St. Maarten Party"] = {abbrev = "USP", color = "#71b7ff", shortname = "",}, ["United States of Europe (electoral list)"] ={abbrev = "SUE", color = "#FDC010", shortname = "",}, ["United States Pirate Party"] ={abbrev = "USPP", color = "#9258B0", shortname = "Pirate Party",}, ["United Taxpayers Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#228B22", shortname = "United Taxpayers",}, ["United Thai Nation Party"] = {abbrev = "UTN", color = "#201F73", shortname = "United Thai Nation",}, ["United Thai People's Party"] = {abbrev = "UTPP", color = "#69A69D", shortname = "United Thai People's",}, ["United to Advance"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#F46E6E", shortname = "",}, ["United to Renew"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#0E8543", shortname = "",}, ["United Torah Judaism"] = {abbrev = "UTJ", color = "#003366", shortname = "",}, ["United Trade Unions of Serbia Sloga"] = {abbrev = "Sloga", color = "#940F0F", shortname = "",}, ["United Traditional Bumiputera Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#E30007", shortname = "",}, ["United Transformation Movement"] = {abbrev = "UTM", color = "#A11D23", shortname = "",}, ["United Tres Cantos"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#D8C018", shortname = "",}, ["United Ulster Unionist Party"] = {abbrev = "UUUP", color = "#ff8c00", shortname = "",}, ["United Unionist Coalition"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#888888", shortname = "",}, ["United Utah Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#80151F", shortname = "United Utah",}, ["United Valencia"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#01ADD4", shortname = "",}, ["United We Can"] = {abbrev = "UP", color = "#800080", shortname = "",}, ["United with Arona"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#C2116B", shortname = "",}, ["United Women Front"] = {abbrev = "UWF", color = "#E1F5A9", shortname = "",}, ["United Workers Party (Saint Lucia)"] = {abbrev = "UWP", color = "#FFC90E", shortname = "",}, ["United Workers' Party (Dominica)"] = {abbrev = "UWP", color = "#0F52BA", shortname = "",}, ["United Zamora"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#A5A6BD", shortname = "",}, ["United–Reform Coalition"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#5EDDBF", shortname = "United/Reform",}, ["Uniting Australia Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#00B2B2", shortname = "",}, ["Unity (Bolivia)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FDB713", shortname = "Unidad",}, ["Unity (Hungary)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#C71585", shortname = "Unity",}, ["Unity (Kyrgyz political party)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#0083BA", shortname = "Birimdik",}, ["Unity (Israel)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#909958", shortname = "Unity",}, ["Unity (Latvia)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#85B821", shortname = "Unity",}, ["Unity (Northern Ireland)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "olive", shortname = "Unity",}, ["Unity (Russian political party)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#227FCF", shortname = "Unity",}, ["Unity (Slovenia)"] = {abbrev = "SLOGA", color = "#2d3e52", shortname = "",}, ["Unity (Swedish political party)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#59B23B", shortname = "Unity",}, ["Unity (Uzbekistan)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#3385D9", shortname = "",}, ["Unity – National Movement"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#e0150f", shortname = "Unity–NM",}, ["Unity – Truth"] = {abbrev = "ENA", color = "#0276C4", shortname = "",}, ["Unity and Democracy Party of Kachin State"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#118D35", shortname = "",}, ["Unity and Democracy Party"] = {abbrev = "PUD", color = "#CCBD71", shortname = "",}, ["Unity and Liberty Party"] = {abbrev = "PUL", color = "#861F80", shortname = "",}, ["Unity and Peace"] = {abbrev = "UP", color = "#EC3237", shortname = "",}, ["Unity and Peace Party"] = {abbrev = "UPP", color = "#FFFFFF", shortname = "",}, ["Unity and Progress Party"] = {abbrev = "PUP", color = "#45D35D", shortname = "",}, ["Unity Centre of Communist Revolutionaries of India (Marxist-Leninist) (D.V. Rao)"] = {abbrev = "UCCRI(M-L)", color = "red", shortname = "",}, ["Unity Coalition"] = {abbrev = "CU", color = "#2C93FB", shortname = "",}, ["Unity Council of Islamic Revolutionary Forces"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#7996E2", shortname = "Unity Council",}, ["Unity Fiji Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#20B2AA", shortname = "",}, ["Unity for Algeciras"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#0474B6", shortname = "",}, ["Unity for Alguazas"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#E47747", shortname = "",}, ["Unity for Change"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#3BA926", shortname = "",}, ["Unity for Chile"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#F25C5D", shortname = "",}, ["Unity for Democracy and Justice"] = {abbrev = "UDJ", color = "#8B0000", shortname = "",}, ["Unity for Human Rights Party"] = {abbrev = "PBDNJ", color = "#1D70B8", shortname = "",}, ["Unity for La Línea"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#3F3BC6", shortname = "",}, ["Unity for Narón"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#149511", shortname = "",}, ["Unity for Peace and Socialism"] = {abbrev = "", color = "red", shortname = "",}, ["Unity for the Future of Macau"] = {abbrev = "UFM", color = "blue", shortname = "",}, ["Unity for the Isles"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#EEC657", shortname = "",}, ["Unity Labour Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#e2231a", shortname = "Unity Labour",}, ["Unity Movement"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#2699E4", shortname = "",}, ["Unity of Aran"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#EC2923", shortname = "",}, ["Unity of Oleksandr Omelchenko"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#249751", shortname = "",}, ["Unity of San Hui"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#EE8487", shortname = "",}, ["Unity of the People (South Ossetia)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#C0392B", shortname = "Unity of the People",}, ["Unity of the People (Trinidad and Tobago)"] = {abbrev = "UTP", color = "#8743e3", shortname = "",}, ["Unity of the People"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#DB0000", shortname = "",}, ["Unity Party (Australia)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#CD5700", shortname = "Unity",}, ["Unity Party (Azerbaijan)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#B48B1F", shortname = "Unity",}, ["Unity Party (China)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#DE2119", shortname = "Unity",}, ["Unity Party (Hungary)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FFDB52", shortname = "Unity",}, ["Unity Party (Hungary, 2009)"] = {abbrev = "ÖP", color = "#80BB3D", shortname = "",}, ["Unity Party (Japan)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#0542A0", shortname = "",}, ["Unity Party (Liberia)"] = {abbrev = "UP", color = "#026536", shortname = "",}, ["Unity Party (New York)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#026536", shortname = "Unity",}, ["Unity Party (South Ossetia)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#1C408A", shortname = "Unity Party",}, ["Unity Party (Sweden)"] = {abbrev = "Ep", color = "#0C3E63", shortname = "",}, ["Unity Party (Turkey)"] = {abbrev = "TBP", color = "#A91101", shortname = "",}, ["Unity Party of America"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#ADD8E6", shortname = "Unity",}, ["Unity Party of Kenya"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#0000FF", shortname = "",}, ["Unity Party of Nigeria"] = {abbrev = "UPN", color = "#D82628", shortname = "",}, ["Univers (political party)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#B22222", shortname = "Univers",}, ["Unrepresented Peoples Party"] = {abbrev = "UPP", color = "#283048", shortname = "",}, ["Unser Land"] = {abbrev = "UL", color = "#BE0D19", shortname = "",}, ["Unyon ng mga Gabay ng Bayan"] = {abbrev = "UGB", color = "#2832C2", shortname = "",}, ["Up-Country People's Front"] = {abbrev = "UCPF", color = "#FF0000", shortname = "",}, ["Uplands Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FFFFFF", shortname = "Uplands",}, ["Upper Aragon in Common"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#B222EB", shortname = "",}, ["Uri Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FFD700", shortname = "Uri",}, ["Urquijists"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#3AA8C1", shortname = "Urquijist",}, ["Uruguay Assembly"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#24397C", shortname = "",}, ["Ururka Dadka Puntland"] = {abbrev = "UDAD", color = "#4D7FBB", shortname = "",}, ["Urza.cz"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#F2E500", shortname = "",}, ["Us (political party)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#6D21C2", shortname = "US",}, ["US Liberty Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#ca0008", shortname = "",}, ["Us Moderates"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#43528F", shortname = "",}, ["Us of the Centre"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#0576BD", shortname = "",}, ["Us with Italy"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#236186", shortname = "",}, ["Us with Salvini"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#0F52BA", shortname = "",}, ["USR PLUS"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#00A6FF", shortname = "",}, ["Uswag Ilonggo"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#F5181D", shortname = "",}, ["Utiles"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#2d9b9e", shortname = "",}, ["Utkal Congress"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FCEE23", shortname = "",}, ["Utreran Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#F7DE21", shortname = "",}, ["Uttama Prajaakeeya Party"] = {abbrev = "UPP", color = "#E3889D", shortname = "",}, ["Uttar Pradesh Revolutionary Socialist Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "red", shortname = "",}, ["Uttar Pradesh United Democratic Front"] = {abbrev = "UPUDF", color = "#58ACFA", shortname = "",}, ["Uttarakhand Kranti Dal"] = {abbrev = "UKD", color = "#336666", shortname = "",}, ["Uttarakhand Parivartan Party"] = {abbrev = "UKPP", color = "#0EADB1", shortname = "",}, ["Uttarakhand Pragatisheel Party"] = {abbrev = "UPP", color = "", shortname = "",}, ["Uttarakhand Raksha Morcha"] = {abbrev = "URM", color = "#d60100", shortname = "",}, ["UW"] = {abbrev = "", color = "blue", shortname = "",}, ["Uzbekistan Liberal Democratic Party"] = {abbrev = "OʻzLiDeP", color = "#07678F", shortname = "",}, ["Uzhaippali Makkal Katchi"] = {abbrev = "UMK", color = "yellowgreen", shortname = "",}, ["Uzhavar Uzhaippalar Katchi"] = {abbrev = "UUK", color = "green", shortname = "",}, } return { full = full, alternate = alternate, } 78jba80klwji2x22sdmjucotre1aplw 828 248124 1593530 2026-08-30T12:55:27Z Gayle157 73366 E 1593530 Scribunto text/plain -- Constant data used by [[Module:Political party]] local alternate = { ["K-Party"] = "Communist Party of Sweden (1995)", ["KABAKA"] = "Kabalikat ng Bayan sa Kaunlaran", ["Kabalikat ng Mamamayang Pilipino"] = "Kabalikat ng Malayang Pilipino", ["Kalibapi"] = "KALIBAPI", ["Kadere Party of Solomon Islands"] = "Kadere Party", ["KAMBILAN"] = "Kambilan", ["Kampihan ng mga Maralita at Manggagawa"] = "Kamanggagawa", ["Kanak Socialist National Liberation Front"] = "Kanak and Socialist National Liberation Front", ["Kansas Democratic Party"] = "Democratic Party (United States)", ["Kansas Republican Party"] = "Republican Party (United States)", ["Kapanalig at Kambilan ning Memalen Pampanga"] = "Kambilan", ["Karnataka Pradesh Congress Committee"] = "Indian National Congress", ["Karnataka Rajya Ryota Sangha"] = "Karnataka Rajya Raita Sangha", ["KDU-CSL"] = "KDU-ČSL", ["Kentucky Republican Party"] = "Republican Party (United States)", ["Kerala Democratic Party"] = "Democratic Congress Kerala", ["Key of Majorca"] = "Key of Mallorca", ["Klam Tham"] = "Kla Tham Party", ["Klaus Riskær Pedersen"] = "Klaus Riskær Pedersen (party)", ["Know-Nothing"] = "Know Nothing", ["KO"] = "Civic Platform", ["Komeito"] = "Kōmeitō", ["Kongunadu Makkal Katchi"] = "Kongunadu Makkal Desia Katchi", ["Korea Socialist Party"] = "Socialist Party (South Korea)", ["KORWiN"] = "KORWiN (Poland)", ["Kotleba - People's Party Our Slovakia"] = "People's Party Our Slovakia", ["Kotleba – People's Party Our Slovakia"] = "People's Party Our Slovakia", -- dash differences ["KSCM"] = "Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia", ["KSČM"] = "Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia", ["KWND"] = "Kowloon West New Dynamic", ["KWWBS"] = "Independent politician", ["KWWTW"] = "Independent politician", ["Kyrgyzstan Party"] = "Kyrgyzstan (political party)", } local full = { ["Kaah Alliance for Equality and Development"] = {abbrev = "", color = "red", shortname = "Kaah",}, ["Kaah Political Association"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#322D87", shortname = "",}, ["Kabaka Yekka"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#0047AB", shortname = "",}, ["Kabalikat ng Bayan sa Kaunlaran"] = {abbrev = "KABAKA", color = "#01692E", shortname = "",}, ["Kabalikat ng Malayang Pilipino"] = {abbrev = "KAMPI", color = "#DC9A38", shortname = "",}, ["Kabataan"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#00008b", shortname = "",}, ["Kach (political party)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FFD700", shortname = "",}, ["Kachin State Democracy Party"] = {abbrev = "KSDP", color = "#1D7706", shortname = "",}, ["Kadere Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FFBC03", shortname = "",}, ["Kadima"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#2D4277", shortname = "",}, ["KAGAYAKE Tokyo"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#E65200", shortname = "",}, ["Kaishintō"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#0C7E97", shortname = "",}, ["Kakushintō"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#BB04A7", shortname = "",}, ["KALIBAPI"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#B0313F", shortname = "",}, ["Kalinga Sena"] = {abbrev = "KS", color = "Yellow", shortname = "",}, ["Kalyana Rajya Pragathi Paksha"] = {abbrev = "KRPP", color = "#0000FF", shortname = "",}, ["Kalyankari Jantantrik Party"] = {abbrev = "KJP", color = "#A9F5D0", shortname = "",}, ["Kamanggagawa"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#E25448", shortname = "",}, ["Kamatapur People’s Party (United)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#ff1c14", shortname = "",}, ["Kambilan"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#006400", shortname = "",}, ["Kamerun National Democratic Party"] = {abbrev = "KNDP", color = "#FF8000", shortname = "",}, ["Kamgar Kisan Paksha"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FF0000", shortname = "",}, ["Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party"] = {abbrev = "KPRP", color = "#1E90FF", shortname = "",}, ["Kampucheaniyum Party"] = {abbrev = "KP", color = "#4169E1", shortname = "",}, ["Kamran Malik Communities Welfare"] = {abbrev = "", color = "orange", shortname = "",}, ["Kanak and Socialist National Liberation Front"] = {abbrev = "FLNKS", color = "#CC3300", shortname = "",}, ["Kanak Socialist Liberation"] = {abbrev = "LKS", color = "#FFD600", shortname = "",}, ["Kannada Nadu Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "yellow", shortname = "",}, ["Kansalaisliitto"] = {abbrev = "KaL", color = "#047FB9", shortname = "",}, ["Kapayapaan, Kaunlaran at Katarungan"] = {abbrev = "KKK", color = "#FFFF33", shortname = "",}, ["Karl Erjavec - Trust Party"] = {abbrev = "SZ", color = "#882A90", shortname = "",}, ["Karnataka Janata Paksha"] = {abbrev = "KJP", color = "#65CB9B", shortname = "",}, ["Karnataka Pradesh Congress Committee"] = {abbrev = "INC (KCP)", color = "", shortname = "",}, ["Karnataka Pragnyavantha Janatha Party"] = {abbrev = "KPJP", color = "#1F75FE", shortname = "",}, ["Karnataka Rajya Raitha Sangha"] = {abbrev = "KRRS", color = "#2f210e", shortname = "",}, ["Karnataka Rashtra Samithi"] = {abbrev = "KRS", color = "#FBD803", shortname = "",}, ["KArtu"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#F19003", shortname = "",}, ["Kataeb Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#009A00", shortname = "Kataeb",}, ["Katipunan ng Demokratikong Pilipino"] = {abbrev = "KDP", color = "#DC241f", shortname = "",}, ["Katipunan ng Kamalayang Kayumanggi"] = {abbrev = "KTPNAN", color = "#A0522D", shortname = "Katipunan",}, ["Katipunan ng Nagkakaisang Pilipino"] = {abbrev = "KANP", color = "#E50A4D", shortname = "KANP",}, ["Katipunan"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#cc0000", shortname = "",}, ["Katter's Australian Party"] = {abbrev = "KAP", color = "#b50204", shortname = "Katter's Australian",}, ["Kayah State Democratic Party"] = {abbrev = "KySDP", color = "#DA251C", shortname = "",}, ["Kayin People's Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#F7CF15", shortname = "",}, ["KDU-ČSL"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FFDC00", shortname = "",}, ["KDŽP – Alliance for Slovakia"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#0082BF", shortname = "",}, ["Keep It Straight and Simple Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#B1080F", shortname = "",}, ["Kensei Hontō"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FA8072", shortname = "",}, ["Kenseikai"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#3773BE", shortname = "",}, ["Kenseitō"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#F88379", shortname = "",}, ["Kentucky Democratic Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#3333FF", shortname = "Democratic",}, ["Kentucky Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#009736", shortname = "Kentucky",}, ["Kenya African Democratic Union"] = {abbrev = "KADU", color = "#008C51", shortname = "",}, ["Kenya African Democratic Union – Asili"] = {abbrev = "KADU–Asili", color = "#7C7968", shortname = "",}, ["Kenya African Democratic Development Union"] = {abbrev = "KADDU", color = "#D2559D", shortname = "",}, ["Kenya African National Union"] = {abbrev = "KANU", color = "#F50519", shortname = "",}, ["Kenya Kwanza"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#F9C90D", shortname = "",}, ["Kenya National Congress"] = {abbrev = "", color = "black", shortname = "",}, ["Kenya National Democratic Alliance"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#6633FF", shortname = "",}, ["Kenya Patriots Party"] = {abbrev = "KPP", color = "#F5E18D", shortname = "",}, ["Kenya People's Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#CC5801", shortname = "",}, ["Kenya Social Congress"] = {abbrev = "KSC", color = "#882D17", shortname = "",}, ["Kenya Union Party"] = {abbrev = "KUP", color = "#42A1Cf", shortname = "",}, ["Kerala Congress (Anti-merger Group)"] = {abbrev = "KC(AMG)", color = "#CC9900", shortname = "",}, ["Kerala Congress (B)"] = {abbrev = "KC(B)", color = "#2f027e", shortname = "",}, ["Kerala Congress (Jacob)"] = {abbrev = "KC(J)", color = "#bfcfff", shortname = "",}, ["Kerala Congress (Joseph)"] = {abbrev = "KC(J)", color = "#809fff", shortname = "",}, ["Kerala Congress (M)"] = {abbrev = "KC(M)", color = "#89badf", shortname = "",}, ["Kerala Congress (Mani)"] = {abbrev = "KC(M)", color = "#89badf", shortname = "",}, ["Kerala Congress (Nationalist)"] = {abbrev = "KEC(Nat.)", color = "#CC9900", shortname = "",}, ["Kerala Congress (Skaria Thomas)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "blue", shortname = "",}, ["Kerala Congress (Thomas)"] = {abbrev = "KEC", color = "#FF9933", shortname = "",}, ["Kerala Congress"] = {abbrev = "KEC", color = "#809fff", shortname = "",}, ["Kerala Janapaksham (Secular)"] = {abbrev = "KJ (S)", color = "#FFFF00", shortname = "",}, ["Kerala Janapaksham"] = {abbrev = "KJ", color = "#FF9933", shortname = "",}, ["Kerala Kamaraj Congress"] = {abbrev = "KKC", color = "#e818b6", shortname = "",}, ["Kerala Socialist Party"] = {abbrev = "KSP", color = "#228B22", shortname = "",}, ["Kernes Bloc — Successful Kharkiv"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#00A039", shortname = "Kernes Bloc",}, ["Kerry Independent Alliance"] = {abbrev = "KIA", color = "#97285B", shortname = "Kerry Ind. Alliance",}, ["Key Coalition"] = {abbrev = "", color = "darkred", shortname = "",}, ["Key of Mallorca"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#D5413F", shortname = "",}, ["Key Party (Turkey)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#192B4F", shortname = "A Parti",}, ["Keystone Party of Pennsylvania"] = {abbrev = "K", color = "#501B68", shortname = "Keystone",}, ["Khana Ratsadon"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FF0800", shortname = "",}, ["Khelafat Majlis"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#41B0A8", shortname = "",}, ["Khmer Anti-Poverty Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#4091AA", shortname = "",}, ["Khmer Conservative Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#0E6BB0", shortname = "",}, ["Khmer Democratic Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#4A4344", shortname = "",}, ["Khmer Economic Development Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#4D7C20", shortname = "",}, ["Khmer National United Party"] = {abbrev = "KNUP", color = "#253285", shortname = "",}, ["Khmer Serei"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#90EE90", shortname = "",}, ["Khmer United Great 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"",}, ["Kurdistani List"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#CCFF33", shortname = "",}, ["Kush Democratic Majority Party"] = {abbrev = "KDMP", color = "#DA121A", shortname = "",}, ["Kusog Bikolandia"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#001399", shortname = "",}, ["Kusug Tausug"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#266A15", shortname = "",}, ["Kuwait Democratic Forum"] = {abbrev = "KDF", color = "#ffd500", shortname = "",}, ["Kuwaiti Progressive Movement"] = {abbrev = "KPM", color = "#81021f", shortname = "",}, ["KWIN"] = {abbrev = "", color = "black", shortname = "",}, ["Kwun Tong Future"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FFAA33", shortname = "",}, ["Kwun Tong Man Chung Friendship Promotion Association"] = {abbrev = "KTMCFPA", color = "#9C523B", shortname = "",}, ["Kwun Tong Residents Association"] = {abbrev = "KTRA", color = "#804000", shortname = "",}, ["KWWUS"] = {abbrev = "", color = "blue", shortname = "",}, ["KWWWSWŚ"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#00ffff", shortname = "",}, ["Kyowa Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FFF000", shortname = "Kyowa",}, ["Kyrgyzstan (political party)"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#009480", shortname = "Kyrgyzstan",}, } return { full = full, alternate = alternate, } guz5o4r4ozzh4z9sg3f2pynhe7yx2i7 0 248125 1593531 2026-08-30T12:56:40Z Castro255 89781 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Abdelkader Laïfaoui''' (alizaliwa 29 Julai 1981) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa [[mpira]] wa miguu wa Algeria aliyewahi kuiwakilisha timu ya taifa. Alikuwa akicheza zaidi kama beki wa kati, lakini pia aliweza kucheza kama beki wa kulia. Laïfaoui alianza kuwakilisha timu ya taifa ya Algeria mwaka 2004. Alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi cha Algeria kilichoshiriki Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika 2010 pamoja na Kombe la Dunia la FIFA 2010. Pia aliichezea timu ya Algeria A',...' 1593531 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abdelkader Laïfaoui''' (alizaliwa 29 Julai 1981) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa [[mpira]] wa miguu wa Algeria aliyewahi kuiwakilisha timu ya taifa. Alikuwa akicheza zaidi kama beki wa kati, lakini pia aliweza kucheza kama beki wa kulia. Laïfaoui alianza kuwakilisha timu ya taifa ya Algeria mwaka 2004. Alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi cha Algeria kilichoshiriki Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika 2010 pamoja na Kombe la Dunia la FIFA 2010. Pia aliichezea timu ya Algeria A', ambayo ilimaliza katika nafasi ya nne kwenye Mashindano ya Mataifa ya Afrika 2011 yaliyofanyika Sudan. === Maisha ya soka la klabu === Mnamo Desemba 2005, Laïfaoui alihusishwa na uwezekano wa kuhamia klabu ya Tunisia Club Africain. Alisafiri hadi Tunis na kufikia makubaliano kuhusu masharti yake binafsi na klabu hiyo. Hata hivyo, klabu yake ya wakati huo, CR Belouizdad, ilikataa kumwachilia kwa sababu pande hizo hazikuweza kufikia makubaliano kuhusu ada ya uhamisho.<ref>[http://www.infosoir.com/imp.php?id=41356 "Laïfaoui devrait rester".] Infosoir. 26 December 2005. Retrieved 17 April 2012.</ref> Baadaye Laïfaoui alijiunga na ES Sétif, ambako aliendelea kujijenga kama mmoja wa mabeki wenye uzoefu katika [[soka]] la Algeria. Mnamo 25 Julai 2011, alisaini mkataba wa miaka miwili na USM Alger baada ya kujiunga nayo kwa uhamisho wa bure kutoka ES Sétif. Akiwa USM Alger, Laïfaoui aliendelea kushiriki katika mashindano ya ndani ya Algeria. Hata hivyo, kipindi chake katika klabu hiyo kilikumbwa na tukio kubwa la vurugu. Mnamo 14 Aprili 2012, wakati wa mchezo wa ligi dhidi ya MC Saïda mjini Saïda, mashabiki waliingia uwanjani baada ya mchezo kumalizika. Katika vurugu hizo, Laïfaoui alidungwa kisu na mashabiki waliokuwa wamevamia uwanja. Kutokana na jeraha hilo, alihitaji kushonwa na alilazimika kulazwa hospitalini usiku huo. Tukio hilo lilikuwa miongoni mwa matukio makubwa ya vurugu yaliyowahi kumkumba akiwa katika maisha yake ya soka.<ref>APS (15 April 2012). [https://web.archive.org/web/20120417154347/http://www.dzfoot.com/news-11313-violence-haddad-laifaoui-et-cherchar-toujours-a-l-hopital.php "Haddad: "Laifaoui et Cherchar toujours à l'hôpital"".] DZFoot. Archived from the original on 17 April 2012. Retrieved 18 April 2012.</ref> === Timu ya taifa === Laïfaoui alianza kucheza katika kiwango cha kimataifa kwa Algeria mwaka 2004. Uzoefu wake katika safu ya ulinzi ulimfanya awe sehemu ya kikosi cha taifa kilichoshiriki mashindano makubwa ya kimataifa. Katika Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika 2010, Algeria ilishiriki katika mashindano yaliyofanyika Angola. Baadaye mwaka huo, Laïfaoui pia alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi cha Algeria kilichoshiriki Kombe la Dunia la FIFA 2010 nchini Afrika Kusini. Ushiriki huo ulikuwa muhimu katika taaluma yake kwa sababu Algeria ilikuwa imerejea katika [[Kombe]] la Dunia baada ya kutoshiriki katika toleo la mwaka 1986. Laïfaoui pia alicheza kwa [[timu]] ya Algeria A', ambayo kwa kawaida hujumuisha wachezaji wanaoshiriki katika ligi ya ndani. Akiwa na timu hiyo, alishiriki katika Mashindano ya Mataifa ya Afrika 2011 yaliyofanyika Sudan. Algeria ilifika hatua ya nusu fainali lakini ikashindwa kuingia fainali, na hatimaye kumaliza mashindano hayo katika nafasi ya nne. === Urithi === Katika kipindi cha uchezaji wake, Laïfaoui alijulikana hasa kwa uwezo wake wa kucheza katika nafasi mbalimbali za ulinzi. Uwezo wa kucheza kama beki wa kati na beki wa kulia ulimpa nafasi ya kutumika katika mifumo tofauti ya ulinzi. Ushiriki wake katika mashindano ya kimataifa pamoja na klabu kubwa za Algeria ulimfanya kuwa sehemu ya kizazi cha wachezaji wa Algeria kilichoshiriki katika mashindano muhimu mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 2010. Marejeo: Taarifa hii imetokana na maandishi ya wasifu uliyoleta, hususan marejeo yaliyokuwa yameambatanishwa kwenye makala ya Kiingereza ya Abdelkader Laïfaoui. Marejeo hayo ni pamoja na vyanzo vilivyotajwa kama hadi katika sehemu ya historia ya klabu. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1981]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Algeria]] t670qkeechxao0jqh4fh22s9p2gpijb 10 248126 1593532 2026-08-30T12:57:43Z Gayle157 73366 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '<includeonly>{{Infobox | templatestyles = Infobox_legislative_election/styles.css | child = {{if empty|{{{child|}}}|{{{embed|}}}}} | bodyclass = ib-legis-elect {{#if:{{{election_date|}}}|vevent}} | title = {{#ifeq:{{if empty|{{{child|}}}|{{{embed|}}}}}|yes|{{#if:{{{election_name|}}}|<div class="ib-legis-elect-embed">{{{election_name}}}</div>}}|{{if empty|{{{election_name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}}} | subheader1 = {{#if:{{{flag_image|}}} |{{#invoke:Infobox...' 1593532 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{Infobox | templatestyles = Infobox_legislative_election/styles.css | child = {{if empty|{{{child|}}}|{{{embed|}}}}} | bodyclass = ib-legis-elect {{#if:{{{election_date|}}}|vevent}} | title = {{#ifeq:{{if empty|{{{child|}}}|{{{embed|}}}}}|yes|{{#if:{{{election_name|}}}|<div class="ib-legis-elect-embed">{{{election_name}}}</div>}}|{{if empty|{{{election_name|}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}}} | subheader1 = {{#if:{{{flag_image|}}} |{{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{flag_image|}}}|size=50px|alt=|link=}}<hr /> |{{#ifexist:Template:Country data {{#invoke:if empty|main|{{{country|}}}|¬}}|{{#invoke:flag|deco|{{{country}}}|variant={{{flag_year|}}}|size=50px|noredlink={{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|{{ns:0}}||yes}}|frameonly=true}}<hr />}}}} | subheader2 = {{#if:{{{previous_election|}}}{{{next_election|}}} |{{succession links|leftstyle=width:20%;|centerstyle = width:60%;|rightstyle=width:20%; | left = {{{previous_election|}}} | center = {{#if:{{{election_date|}}}|<b>{{{election_date}}}</b>}} | right = {{{next_election|}}} }} |{{#if:{{{election_date|}}}|<b>{{{election_date}}}</b>}} }} | subheader3 = {{#if:{{{outgoing_members|}}}{{{previous_mps|}}}{{{elected_members|}}}{{{elected_mps|}}}| {{succession links|noarrows=yes|leftstyle=width:40%; text-align:center;|rightstyle=width:40%; text-align:center; | left = {{#if:{{{outgoing_members|}}}{{{previous_mps|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{if empty|{{{outgoing_members|}}}|{{{previous_mps|}}}}}|[[{{if empty|{{{outgoing_members|}}}|{{{previous_mps|}}}}}|outgoing members]]|{{if empty|{{{outgoing_members|}}}|{{{previous_mps|}}}}}}}}} | right = {{#if:{{{elected_members|}}}{{{elected_mps|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{if empty|{{{elected_members|}}}|{{{elected_mps|}}}}}|[[{{if empty|{{{elected_members|}}}|{{{elected_mps|}}}}}|elected members]]|{{if empty|{{{elected_members|}}}|{{{elected_mps|}}}}}}}|}} }} }} | data1 = {{#if:{{{seats_for_election|}}}|<hr />{{{seats_for_election}}}{{#if:{{{majority_seats|}}}|<br />{{{majority_seats}}} seats needed for a majority}}}} | data2 = {{#if:{{{opinion_polls|}}}| [[{{{opinion_polls}}}|Opinion&nbsp;polls]] }} | label3 = Turnout | data3 = {{{turnout|}}} | label4 = Reporting | data4 = {{#if:{{{reporting|}}}|{{center|{{Percentage bar|{{{reporting}}}|{{{reporting}}}%|1BCE0E}}}}as of '''{{{last_update}}} {{{time_zone}}}''' }} | data5 = {{#if:{{{party1|}}}{{{party2|}}}{{{party3|}}}{{{party4|}}}{{{party5|}}}|<nowiki /> {{(!}} class="wikitable ib-legis-elect-results plainrowheaders" {{!-}} !colspan=2 {{!}} {{if empty|{{{party_title|}}}|Party}} {{#ifeq:{{{noleader|}}}|yes|| !{{if empty|{{{leadertitle|}}}|Leader}}}} {{#switch:{{{ongoing|}}}|counting|yes= {{#ifeq:{{{first_election|}}}|yes||! {{#ifeq:{{{ongoing|}}}|counting|Seats before|{{if empty|{{{seats_title|}}}|Current seats}}}}}} |#default= {{#ifeq:{{{nopercentage|}}}|yes||! 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empty|{{{colour4|}}}|{{{color4|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage4|}}} | seats = {{{seats4|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election4|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats4|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party5|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading5|}}} | party = {{{party5|}}} | party_link = {{{party5_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader5|}}}|{{{leader5|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour5|}}}|{{{color5|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage5|}}} | seats = {{{seats5|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election5|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats5|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party6|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading6|}}} | party = {{{party6|}}} | party_link = {{{party6_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader6|}}}|{{{leader6|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour6|}}}|{{{color6|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage6|}}} | seats = {{{seats6|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election6|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats6|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party7|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading7|}}} | party = {{{party7|}}} | party_link = {{{party7_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader7|}}}|{{{leader7|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour7|}}}|{{{color7|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage7|}}} | seats = {{{seats7|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election7|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats7|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party8|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading8|}}} | party = {{{party8|}}} | party_link = {{{party8_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader8|}}}|{{{leader8|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour8|}}}|{{{color8|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage8|}}} | seats = {{{seats8|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election8|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats8|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party9|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading9|}}} | party = {{{party9|}}} | party_link = {{{party9_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader9|}}}|{{{leader9|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour9|}}}|{{{color9|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage9|}}} | seats = {{{seats9|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election9|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats9|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party10|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading10|}}} | party = {{{party10|}}} | party_link = {{{party10_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader10|}}}|{{{leader10|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour10|}}}|{{{color10|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage10|}}} | seats = {{{seats10|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election10|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats10|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party11|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading11|}}} | party = {{{party11|}}} | party_link = {{{party11_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader11|}}}|{{{leader11|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour11|}}}|{{{color11|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage11|}}} | seats = {{{seats11|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election11|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats11|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party12|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading12|}}} | party = {{{party12|}}} | party_link = {{{party12_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader12|}}}|{{{leader12|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour12|}}}|{{{color12|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage12|}}} | seats = {{{seats12|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election12|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats12|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party13|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading13|}}} | party = {{{party13|}}} | party_link = {{{party13_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader13|}}}|{{{leader13|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour13|}}}|{{{color13|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage13|}}} | seats = {{{seats13|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election13|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats13|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party14|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading14|}}} | party = {{{party14|}}} | party_link = {{{party14_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader14|}}}|{{{leader14|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour14|}}}|{{{color14|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage14|}}} | seats = {{{seats14|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election14|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats14|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party15|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading15|}}} | party = {{{party15|}}} | party_link = {{{party15_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader15|}}}|{{{leader15|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour15|}}}|{{{color15|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage15|}}} | seats = {{{seats15|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election15|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats15|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party16|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading16|}}} | party = {{{party16|}}} | party_link = {{{party16_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader16|}}}|{{{leader16|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour16|}}}|{{{color16|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage16|}}} | seats = {{{seats16|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election16|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats16|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party17|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading17|}}} | party = {{{party17|}}} | party_link = {{{party17_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader17|}}}|{{{leader17|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour17|}}}|{{{color17|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage17|}}} | seats = {{{seats17|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election17|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats17|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party18|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading18|}}} | party = {{{party18|}}} | party_link = {{{party18_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader18|}}}|{{{leader18|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour18|}}}|{{{color18|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage18|}}} | seats = {{{seats18|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election18|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats18|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party19|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading19|}}} | party = {{{party19|}}} | party_link = {{{party19_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader19|}}}|{{{leader19|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour19|}}}|{{{color19|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage19|}}} | seats = {{{seats19|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election19|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats19|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party20|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading20|}}} | party = {{{party20|}}} | party_link = {{{party20_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader20|}}}|{{{leader20|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour20|}}}|{{{color20|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage20|}}} | seats = {{{seats20|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election20|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats20|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party21|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading21|}}} | party = {{{party21|}}} | party_link = {{{party21_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader21|}}}|{{{leader21|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour21|}}}|{{{color21|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage21|}}} | seats = {{{seats21|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election21|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats21|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party22|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading22|}}} | party = {{{party22|}}} | party_link = {{{party22_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader22|}}}|{{{leader22|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour22|}}}|{{{color22|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage22|}}} | seats = {{{seats22|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election22|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats22|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party23|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading23|}}} | party = {{{party23|}}} | party_link = {{{party23_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader23|}}}|{{{leader23|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour23|}}}|{{{color23|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage23|}}} | seats = {{{seats23|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election23|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats23|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party24|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading24|}}} | party = {{{party24|}}} | party_link = {{{party24_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader24|}}}|{{{leader24|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour24|}}}|{{{color24|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage24|}}} | seats = {{{seats24|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election24|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats24|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party25|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading25|}}} | party = {{{party25|}}} | party_link = {{{party25_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader25|}}}|{{{leader25|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour25|}}}|{{{color25|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage25|}}} | seats = {{{seats25|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election25|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats25|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party26|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading26|}}} | party = {{{party26|}}} | party_link = {{{party26_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader26|}}}|{{{leader26|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour26|}}}|{{{color26|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage26|}}} | seats = {{{seats26|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election26|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats26|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party27|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading27|}}} | party = {{{party27|}}} | party_link = {{{party27_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader27|}}}|{{{leader27|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour27|}}}|{{{color27|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage27|}}} | seats = {{{seats27|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election27|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats27|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party28|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading28|}}} | party = {{{party28|}}} | party_link = {{{party28_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader28|}}}|{{{leader28|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour28|}}}|{{{color28|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage28|}}} | seats = {{{seats28|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election28|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats28|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party29|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading29|}}} | party = {{{party29|}}} | party_link = {{{party29_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader29|}}}|{{{leader29|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour29|}}}|{{{color29|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage29|}}} | seats = {{{seats29|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election29|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats29|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party30|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading30|}}} | party = {{{party30|}}} | party_link = {{{party30_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader30|}}}|{{{leader30|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour30|}}}|{{{color30|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage30|}}} | seats = {{{seats30|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election30|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats30|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party31|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading31|}}} | party = {{{party31|}}} | party_link = {{{party31_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader31|}}}|{{{leader31|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour31|}}}|{{{color31|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage31|}}} | seats = {{{seats31|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election31|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats31|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party32|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading32|}}} | party = {{{party32|}}} | party_link = {{{party32_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader32|}}}|{{{leader32|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour32|}}}|{{{color32|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage32|}}} | seats = {{{seats32|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election32|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats32|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party33|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading33|}}} | party = {{{party33|}}} | party_link = {{{party33_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader33|}}}|{{{leader33|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour33|}}}|{{{color33|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage33|}}} | seats = {{{seats33|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election33|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats33|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party34|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading34|}}} | party = {{{party34|}}} | party_link = {{{party34_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader34|}}}|{{{leader34|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour34|}}}|{{{color34|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage34|}}} | seats = {{{seats34|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election34|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats34|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party35|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading35|}}} | party = {{{party35|}}} | party_link = {{{party35_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader35|}}}|{{{leader35|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour35|}}}|{{{color35|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage35|}}} | seats = {{{seats35|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election35|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats35|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party36|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading36|}}} | party = {{{party36|}}} | party_link = {{{party36_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader36|}}}|{{{leader36|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour36|}}}|{{{color36|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage36|}}} | seats = {{{seats36|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election36|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats36|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party37|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading37|}}} | party = {{{party37|}}} | party_link = {{{party37_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader37|}}}|{{{leader37|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour37|}}}|{{{color37|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage37|}}} | seats = {{{seats37|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election37|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats37|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party38|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading38|}}} | party = {{{party38|}}} | party_link = {{{party38_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader38|}}}|{{{leader38|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour38|}}}|{{{color38|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage38|}}} | seats = {{{seats38|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election38|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats38|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party39|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading39|}}} | party = {{{party39|}}} | party_link = {{{party39_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader39|}}}|{{{leader39|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour39|}}}|{{{color39|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage39|}}} | seats = {{{seats39|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election39|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats39|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party40|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading40|}}} | party = {{{party40|}}} | party_link = {{{party40_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader40|}}}|{{{leader40|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour40|}}}|{{{color40|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage40|}}} | seats = {{{seats40|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election40|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats40|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party41|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading41|}}} | party = {{{party41|}}} | party_link = {{{party41_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader41|}}}|{{{leader41|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour41|}}}|{{{color41|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage41|}}} | seats = {{{seats41|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election41|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats41|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party42|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading42|}}} | party = {{{party42|}}} | party_link = {{{party42_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader42|}}}|{{{leader42|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour42|}}}|{{{color42|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage42|}}} | seats = {{{seats42|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election42|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats42|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party43|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading43|}}} | party = {{{party43|}}} | party_link = {{{party43_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader43|}}}|{{{leader43|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour43|}}}|{{{color43|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage43|}}} | seats = {{{seats43|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election43|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats43|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | 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{{{party49|}}} | party_link = {{{party49_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader49|}}}|{{{leader49|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour49|}}}|{{{color49|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage49|}}} | seats = {{{seats49|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election49|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats49|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party50|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading50|}}} | party = {{{party50|}}} | party_link = {{{party50_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader50|}}}|{{{leader50|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour50|}}}|{{{color50|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage50|}}} | seats = {{{seats50|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election50|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats50|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party51|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading51|}}} | party = {{{party51|}}} | party_link = {{{party51_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader51|}}}|{{{leader51|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour51|}}}|{{{color51|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage51|}}} | seats = {{{seats51|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election51|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats51|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party52|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading52|}}} | party = {{{party52|}}} | party_link = {{{party52_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader52|}}}|{{{leader52|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour52|}}}|{{{color52|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage52|}}} | seats = {{{seats52|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election52|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats52|}}} | 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{{#if:{{{party67|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading67|}}} | party = {{{party67|}}} | party_link = {{{party67_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader67|}}}|{{{leader67|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour67|}}}|{{{color67|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage67|}}} | seats = {{{seats67|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election67|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats67|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party68|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading68|}}} | party = {{{party68|}}} | party_link = {{{party68_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader68|}}}|{{{leader68|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour68|}}}|{{{color68|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage68|}}} | seats = {{{seats68|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election68|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats68|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party69|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading69|}}} | party = {{{party69|}}} | party_link = {{{party69_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader69|}}}|{{{leader69|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour69|}}}|{{{color69|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage69|}}} | seats = {{{seats69|}}} | last_election = {{{last_election69|}}} | current_seats = {{{current_seats69|}}} | ongoing = {{{ongoing|}}} | first_election = {{{first_election|}}} | noleader = {{{noleader|}}} | nopercentage = {{{nopercentage|}}} }}}} {{!-}} {{#if:{{{party70|}}}|{{Infobox legislative election/row | heading = {{{heading70|}}} | party = {{{party70|}}} | party_link = {{{party70_link|}}} | party_leader = {{If empty|{{{party_leader70|}}}|{{{leader70|}}}}} | colour = {{If empty|{{{colour70|}}}|{{{color70|}}}}} | percentage = {{{percentage70|}}} | seats = {{{seats70|}}} 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color58 | party_leader59; leader59 | colour59; color59 | party_leader60; leader60 | colour60; color60 | party_leader61; leader61 | colour61; color61 | party_leader62; leader62 | colour62; color62 | party_leader63; leader63 | colour63; color63 | party_leader64; leader64 | colour64; color64 | party_leader65; leader65 | colour65; color65 | party_leader66; leader66 | colour66; color66 | party_leader67; leader67 | colour67; color67 | party_leader68; leader68 | colour68; color68 | party_leader69; leader69 | colour69; color69 | party_leader70; leader70 | colour70; color70 | map; map_image }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> gi4q8hodposck5nai7dorpn948hp32p 10 248127 1593533 2026-08-30T13:01:08Z Gayle157 73366 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{#if:{{{heading|}}} | ! colspan=6 {{!}} {{{heading}}} {{!-}} }} | style="width:0px !important; padding:3px !important; color:inherit; {{#if:{{{colour|}}}|background-color:{{{colour}}};|{{#ifeq: {{#invoke:Political party|fetch|{{#invoke:delink|delink|wikilinks=target|1={{#invoke:string|replace|source={{{party}}}|pattern=^(%[%[%s*[^%]%[]*%]%]).*$|replace=%1|plain=false}}}}|color|error=NOTHERE}} | NOTHERE || background-color:{{#invoke:Political party|fetch|...' 1593533 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{{heading|}}} | ! colspan=6 {{!}} {{{heading}}} {{!-}} }} | style="width:0px !important; padding:3px !important; color:inherit; {{#if:{{{colour|}}}|background-color:{{{colour}}};|{{#ifeq: {{#invoke:Political party|fetch|{{#invoke:delink|delink|wikilinks=target|1={{#invoke:string|replace|source={{{party}}}|pattern=^(%[%[%s*[^%]%[]*%]%]).*$|replace=%1|plain=false}}}}|color|error=NOTHERE}} | NOTHERE || background-color:{{#invoke:Political party|fetch|{{#invoke:delink|delink|wikilinks=target|1={{#invoke:string|replace|source={{{party}}}|pattern=^(%[%[%s*[^%]%[]*%]%]).*$|replace=%1|plain=false}}}}|color}} !important;}}}}"|<!--END COLOR BLOCK BEGIN PARTY NAME--> |style="text-align: left;" | {{Infobox 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{{#iferror:{{#expr:{{{last_election}}}}}||{{#ifexpr:{{{seats}}}>{{{last_election}}}|ib-legis-elect-p|{{#ifexpr:{{{seats}}}<{{{last_election}}}|ib-legis-elect-m}}}}}}" {{!}} {{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{last_election}}}}}|new|New|{{PNsign|{{#expr:{{{seats}}}-{{{last_election}}}}}}}}}}} }}}}<!--END SEATS COLUMN --><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> fe77akisxs62x3m1rhg1e9kdjeisa30 828 248128 1593534 2026-08-30T13:02:03Z Gayle157 73366 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '-- Constant data used by [[Module:Political party]] local alternate = { ["\"Union\" Political Movement"] = "Mișcarea Politică Unirea", ["1-Pacman Party List"] = "1-Pacman", ["20 Party Alliance"] = "Bangladesh Nationalist Party", ["2020 USR-PLUS Alliance"] = "USR PLUS", ["50PLUS"] = "50Plus", ["99% - Civic Voice"] = "99% – Civic Voice", ["ČSSD"] = "Czech Social Democratic Party", ["İYİ Party"] = "Good Party", ["İyi Party"] = "Good Party...' 1593534 Scribunto text/plain -- Constant data used by [[Module:Political party]] local alternate = { ["\"Union\" Political Movement"] = "Mișcarea Politică Unirea", ["1-Pacman Party List"] = "1-Pacman", ["20 Party Alliance"] = "Bangladesh Nationalist Party", ["2020 USR-PLUS Alliance"] = "USR PLUS", ["50PLUS"] = "50Plus", ["99% - Civic Voice"] = "99% – Civic Voice", ["ČSSD"] = "Czech Social Democratic Party", ["İYİ Party"] = "Good Party", ["İyi Party"] = "Good Party", ["For Åland"] = "Åland Coalition", ["Život – National Party"] = "Life – National Party", ["Ädilet"] = "Adilet (political party)", ["Ädilet (political party)"] = "Adilet (political party)", } local full = { ["¡Sí Se Puede! Elda"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#612D62", shortname = "",}, ["+Valores"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#54c4f1", shortname = "",}, ["ʻĀmuitahiraʻa o te Nūnaʻa Māʻohi"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FF7F00", shortname = "",}, ["(A)TUA"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#1a4d77", shortname = "",}, ["1-Pacman"] = {abbrev = "", color="#97111A", shortname = "",}, ["1-Rider Partylist"] = {abbrev = "1-Rider", color="#F38F1F", shortname = "",}, ["1 of 5 million"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#bb0004", shortname = "",}, ["1 Territory Party"] = {abbrev = "", color="#6E1D55", shortname = "1 Territory",}, ["1 Union for the People"] = {abbrev = "1UPP", color="#FF318E", shortname="",}, ["10 Times Better"] = {abbrev = "10VM", color = "#F56000", shortname = "",}, ["100 Citoyens"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#71D4D8", shortname = "",}, ["100% andaluces"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#007B33", shortname = "",}, ["100% for Colombia"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#3A7CA5", shortname = "",}, ["100% Redress"] = {abbrev = "100%R", color = "#f90606", shortname = "100% Redress",}, ["100% Sabadell"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#1A1818", shortname = "",}, ["11 Party Alliance"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#32CD32", shortname = "",}, ["123 Democratic Alliance"] = {abbrev = "123DA", color = "#0000c8", shortname = "",}, ["19th of April Movement"] = {abbrev = "M-19", color = "#ed1c24", shortname = "",}, ["1Law4All Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#8FC745", shortname = "1Law4All",}, ["1País"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#0A1172", shortname = "",}, ["1Tahanan"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#DD1E26", shortname = "",}, ["2047 HK Monitor"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#D71F2B", shortname = "",}, ["21st Century Australia Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#1B9DFF", shortname = "21st Century",}, ["21st Century Curridabat"] = {abbrev = "CSXXI", color = "yellow", shortname = "",}, ["25 May Citizens' Alternative"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#F47C01", shortname = "",}, ["25th of July Movement"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FF0504", shortname = "July 25 Movement",}, ["26th of July Movement"] = {abbrev = "M-26-7", color = "#8B0000", shortname = "",}, ["3V Movement"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#D56A6A", shortname = "",}, ["4K Partylist"] = {abbrev = "", color="#D93E28", shortname = "4K",}, ["4Ps Partylist"] = {abbrev = "4Ps", color="#002E8D", shortname = "",}, ["50Plus"] = {abbrev = "50+", color = "#92107D", shortname = "",}, ["5165 National Conservative Movement Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#294BAD", shortname = "",}, ["5.10"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#dc221b", shortname = "",}, ["5th of December Party"] = {abbrev = "P5D", color = "#1361A0", shortname = "",}, ["7.1 People Pile"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FF7312", shortname = "",}, ["9 April Revolutionary Vanguard"] = {abbrev = "VR-9", color = "#D17B96", shortname = "",}, ["99 Black Balloons"] = {abbrev = "99SB", color = "#000000", shortname = "",}, ["99 Movement"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FBCA0B", shortname = "",}, ["99 MP Party"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#FFC0CB", shortname = "99 MP",}, ["99% – Civic Voice"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#b00c28", shortname = "",}, ["À gauche toute!"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#DC143C", shortname = "",}, ["Åland Centre"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#B1C800", shortname = "",}, ["Åland Coalition"] = {abbrev = "ÅS", color = "#D7DB50", shortname = "",}, ["Åland Progress Group"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#2D2D2D", shortname = "",}, ["Åland Social Democrats"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#CA1517", shortname = "Social Democrats",}, ["Ålandic Democracy"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#46005C", shortname = "",}, ["Árja"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#26BB45", shortname = "",}, ["Ávjovári Moving Sámi List"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#1e88d2", shortname = "Moving Sámi List",}, ["Ávila Free of Tolls"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#1046AC", shortname = "",}, ["Écija Puede"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#702663", shortname = "",}, ["Écologie Solidaire"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#77FF77", shortname = "",}, ["Éirígí"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#00A550", shortname = "",}, ["És el moment"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#CF6A71", shortname = "",}, ["Ñ Platform"] = {abbrev = "", color = "#EAD816", shortname = "",}, ["Örebro Party"] = {abbrev = "ÖP", color = "#000000", shortname = "Örebro Party",}, ["Șor Party"] = {abbrev = "ȘOR", color = "#5CBB72", shortname = "",}, } return { full = full, alternate = alternate, } 8b5gvfnicpxqlkmtpwdy2pyc6anllbv 10 248129 1593535 2026-08-30T13:03:21Z Gayle157 73366 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{#invoke:Infobox election|shortname}}<noinclude> {{documentation}}</noinclude>' 1593535 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:Infobox election|shortname}}<noinclude> {{documentation}}</noinclude> 47oigjiivqiz7qc0p2i6cjglm0zrnlp 0 248131 1593542 2026-08-30T13:49:42Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Polygamy in Ghana]] hadi [[Mitala Ghana]]: jina la Kiswahili 1593542 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Mitala Ghana]] szaqan3v0xa9c810rlrg5kpxtyppzxy 0 248132 1593550 2026-08-30T13:54:38Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Bernard Georges (Mwanasiasa)]] hadi [[Bernard Georges (mwanasiasa)]]: urahisi wa kuupata 1593550 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Bernard Georges (mwanasiasa)]] hbkl2np3zem3z6hetqzj2wjlc08hb1x 0 248135 1593575 2026-08-30T15:06:12Z Castro255 89781 kuanzisha makala 1593575 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Boualem''' '''Benmalek''' (aliyezaliwa tarehe 30 Januari 1989) ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[soka]] wa kulipwa kutoka Algeria. Kwa wakati huo, alikuwa akiichezea NC Magra, klabu ya soka inayoshiriki katika Algerian Ligue Professionnelle 2.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mobile livescore - Flashscore.mobi football scores|url=https://www.flashscore.mobi/?&|work=www.flashscore.mobi|accessdate=2026-08-30|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1989]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Algeria]] mno8kaax0yxc1q51q1xybg3e9cj54yi 0 248136 1593581 2026-08-30T17:57:52Z Camiddo 86373 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox person|jina la kuzaliwa=Eman|tarehe ya kuzaliwa=Circa 1982|uraia=Libya|elimu=[[Omar Al-Mukhtar University]]}} '''Iman al-Obeidi''' (pia huandikwa Eman al-Obeidy; kwa [[Kiarabu]]: إيمان العبيدي; alizaliwa karibu [[Mwaka 1968|mwaka 1982]]) ni [[mwanafunzi]] wa zamani wa sheria wa [[Libya]] katika ngazi ya uzamili ambaye alipata umaarufu mkubwa katika vyombo vya habari duniani wakati wa Vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe vya Libya.<ref>{{Cite...' 1593581 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|jina la kuzaliwa=Eman|tarehe ya kuzaliwa=Circa 1982|uraia=Libya|elimu=[[Omar Al-Mukhtar University]]}} '''Iman al-Obeidi''' (pia huandikwa Eman al-Obeidy; kwa [[Kiarabu]]: إيمان العبيدي; alizaliwa karibu [[Mwaka 1968|mwaka 1982]]) ni [[mwanafunzi]] wa zamani wa sheria wa [[Libya]] katika ngazi ya uzamili ambaye alipata umaarufu mkubwa katika vyombo vya habari duniani wakati wa Vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe vya Libya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Reaction to meeting with a Baha’i exposes the truth|url=https://doi.org/10.1163/2210-7975_hrd-1276-2016023|work=Human Rights Documents Online|accessdate=2026-08-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=ALQazzaz |first=Ali |last2=Gorial |first2=Faiq I. |last3=Al‐Obaidi |first3=Ahmed Dheyaa |last4=Al‐Obaidi |first4=Mustafa Najah |last5=Awadh |first5=Nabaa Ihsan |last6=Hashim |first6=Hashim Talib |date=2023-03 |title=Unusual presentation of rheumatoid arthritis in a 106‐year‐old woman: A rare case report |url=https://doi.org/10.1002/ccr3.7120 |journal=Clinical Case Reports |volume=11 |issue=3 |doi=10.1002/ccr3.7120 |issn=2050-0904}}</ref> Hii ilitokana na tukio ambapo aliingia kwa ghafla katika mgahawa wa [[Hoteli]] ya Rixos mjini [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripoli]] na kuwaambia waandishi wa [[habari]] wa kimataifa waliokuwapo kwamba wanajeshi wa Libya walikuwa wamempiga na kumfanyia ukatili wa kingono kwa pamoja. Kauli yake ya hadharani ilipinga [[serikali]] ya [[Muammar Gaddafi]] pamoja na mwiko uliokuwepo nchini Libya wa kujadili uhalifu wa kingono<ref>{{Cite journal |date=2022-07-01 |title=Medicolegal Examination of an Alleged Rape Victim |url=https://doi.org/10.47648/zhswmcj.2022.v0402.09 |journal=Z H Sikder Women’s Medical College Journal |volume=4 |issue=Number 2 |doi=10.47648/zhswmcj.2022.v0402.09 |issn=2708-101X}}</ref> == Historia yake == Iman al-Obeidi alikuwa mmoja wa [[watoto]] [[kumi]] waliozaliwa mjini Tobruk, kwa wazazi Aisha na Atik al-Obeidi. [[Baba]] yake alikuwa afisa wa forodha. Mama yake aliiambia CNN kwamba Iman siku zote alitamani kuwa mwandishi wa [[habari]], lakini kutokana na kukosekana kwa uhuru wa vyombo vya habari nchini Libya, Iman aliamua kusomea sheria badala yake. Alihitimu shahada ya sheria katika [[Chuo]] Kikuu cha Omar Al-Mukhtar huko Bayda. Pia alikuwa akiishi Tripoli kwa mwaka mmoja uliotangulia pamoja na dada yake, Amal, ambapo alikuwa akifanya mafunzo katika kampuni ya [[sheria]] au kufanya kazi katika ofisi ya utalii, huku akiendelea na masomo ya uzamili. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1982]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria]] jy0gn8e0snijyzec0zrf1lx9q6j8nu2 1593582 1593581 2026-08-30T18:03:12Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 3 template(s) replaced. 1593582 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|jina la kuzaliwa=Eman|tarehe ya kuzaliwa=Circa 1982|uraia=Libya|elimu=[[Omar Al-Mukhtar University]]}} '''Iman al-Obeidi''' (pia huandikwa Eman al-Obeidy; kwa [[Kiarabu]]: إيمان العبيدي; alizaliwa karibu [[Mwaka 1968|mwaka 1982]]) ni [[mwanafunzi]] wa zamani wa sheria wa [[Libya]] katika ngazi ya uzamili ambaye alipata umaarufu mkubwa katika vyombo vya habari duniani wakati wa Vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe vya Libya.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Reaction to meeting with a Baha’i exposes the truth|url=https://doi.org/10.1163/2210-7975_hrd-1276-2016023|work=Human Rights Documents Online|accessdate=2026-08-30}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=ALQazzaz |first=Ali |last2=Gorial |first2=Faiq I. |last3=Al‐Obaidi |first3=Ahmed Dheyaa |last4=Al‐Obaidi |first4=Mustafa Najah |last5=Awadh |first5=Nabaa Ihsan |last6=Hashim |first6=Hashim Talib |date=2023-03 |title=Unusual presentation of rheumatoid arthritis in a 106‐year‐old woman: A rare case report |url=https://doi.org/10.1002/ccr3.7120 |journal=Clinical Case Reports |volume=11 |issue=3 |doi=10.1002/ccr3.7120 |issn=2050-0904}}</ref> Hii ilitokana na tukio ambapo aliingia kwa ghafla katika mgahawa wa [[Hoteli]] ya Rixos mjini [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripoli]] na kuwaambia waandishi wa [[habari]] wa kimataifa waliokuwapo kwamba wanajeshi wa Libya walikuwa wamempiga na kumfanyia ukatili wa kingono kwa pamoja. Kauli yake ya hadharani ilipinga [[serikali]] ya [[Muammar Gaddafi]] pamoja na mwiko uliokuwepo nchini Libya wa kujadili uhalifu wa kingono<ref>{{Rejea jarida |date=2022-07-01 |title=Medicolegal Examination of an Alleged Rape Victim |url=https://doi.org/10.47648/zhswmcj.2022.v0402.09 |journal=Z H Sikder Women’s Medical College Journal |volume=4 |issue=Number 2 |doi=10.47648/zhswmcj.2022.v0402.09 |issn=2708-101X}}</ref> == Historia yake == Iman al-Obeidi alikuwa mmoja wa [[watoto]] [[kumi]] waliozaliwa mjini Tobruk, kwa wazazi Aisha na Atik al-Obeidi. [[Baba]] yake alikuwa afisa wa forodha. Mama yake aliiambia CNN kwamba Iman siku zote alitamani kuwa mwandishi wa [[habari]], lakini kutokana na kukosekana kwa uhuru wa vyombo vya habari nchini Libya, Iman aliamua kusomea sheria badala yake. Alihitimu shahada ya sheria katika [[Chuo]] Kikuu cha Omar Al-Mukhtar huko Bayda. Pia alikuwa akiishi Tripoli kwa mwaka mmoja uliotangulia pamoja na dada yake, Amal, ambapo alikuwa akifanya mafunzo katika kampuni ya [[sheria]] au kufanya kazi katika ofisi ya utalii, huku akiendelea na masomo ya uzamili. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1982]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria]] r23g4nx9opqn8mg91chtk7i8pa317hs 0 248137 1593583 2026-08-30T19:51:34Z Hamisi msafiri mzuki 81808 Ukurasa ulianzishwa 1593583 wikitext text/x-wiki '''James Caird Burt''' ([[Agosti]] [[29 Agosti|29,]] [[1921]] – [[10 Julai|Julai 10]], [[2012]])<ref><nowiki>https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/170178667/james-c-burt</nowiki></ref> alikuwa [[daktari]] wa [[magonjwa]] ya mfumo wa [[uzazi]] wa [[mwanamke]] (gynecologist) wa [[Marekani]] ambaye wakati mwingine alipewa jina la utani la "Love Surgeon" (Daktari wa [[Upasuaji]] wa [[Upendo]]). Baada ya kufanya [[kazi]] kwa miongo miwili akiwa na kituo chake mjini [[Dayton, Ohio|Dayton]], [[Ohio]], Burt alishitakiwa na [[wagonjwa]] wa kike kwa kubadilisha [[maumbile]] yao ya nje ya siri (vulvas) bila ridhaa yao baada ya kupewa [[taarifa]] kamili (informed consent).<ref><nowiki>https://www.nytimes.com/1989/01/20/us/ohio-doctor-offers-to-quit.html</nowiki></ref> == Wasifu == Burt alizaliwa mjini Dayton, Ohio, na alipata [[Shahada ya Awali|shahada]] yake ya [[udaktari]] (M.D.) kutoka [[Shule]] ya [[Tiba]] ya [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha [[Rochester]] mnamo mwaka [[1945]]. Alipewa [[leseni]] ya udaktari katika jimbo la Ohio mnamo mwaka 1951.Burt alianza kufanya "upasuaji wa upendo" mnamo mwaka [[1966]]. Katika [[kitabu]] chake cha mwaka [[1975]] kilichoitwa Surgery of Love (Upasuaji wa Upendo), Burt aliandika: "Wanawake wana maumbile yasiyotosheleza kwa ajili ya kufanya [[ngono]].<ref><nowiki>https://library.osu.edu/collections/spec.202001.burt/summary-information</nowiki></ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1921]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2012]] [[Jamii:Madaktari]] [[Jamii:Ohio]] [[Jamii:Afya ya umma]] 08jzwskhu2g0w9vp0r09htl95hglsvo 1593584 1593583 2026-08-30T19:53:57Z Hamisi msafiri mzuki 81808 Marekebisho 1593584 wikitext text/x-wiki '''James Caird Burt''' ([[Agosti]] [[29 Agosti|29,]] [[1921]] – [[10 Julai|Julai 10]], [[2012]])<ref><nowiki>https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/170178667/james-c-burt</nowiki></ref> alikuwa [[daktari]] wa [[magonjwa]] ya mfumo wa [[uzazi]] wa [[mwanamke]] (gynecologist) wa [[Marekani]] ambaye wakati mwingine alipewa jina la utani la "Love Surgeon" (Daktari wa [[Upasuaji]] wa [[Upendo]]). Baada ya kufanya [[kazi]] kwa miongo miwili akiwa na kituo chake mjini [[Dayton, Ohio|Dayton]], [[Ohio]], Burt alishitakiwa na [[wagonjwa]] wa kike kwa kubadilisha [[maumbile]] yao ya nje ya siri (vulvas) bila ridhaa yao baada ya kupewa [[taarifa]] kamili (informed consent).<ref><nowiki>https://www.nytimes.com/1989/01/20/us/ohio-doctor-offers-to-quit.html</nowiki></ref> == Wasifu == Burt alizaliwa mjini Dayton, Ohio, na alipata [[Shahada ya Awali|shahada]] yake ya [[udaktari]] (M.D.) kutoka [[Shule]] ya [[Tiba]] ya [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha [[Rochester]] mnamo mwaka [[1945]]. Alipewa [[leseni]] ya udaktari katika jimbo la Ohio mnamo mwaka 1951.Burt alianza kufanya "upasuaji wa upendo" mnamo mwaka [[1966]]. Katika [[kitabu]] chake cha mwaka [[1975]] kilichoitwa Surgery of Love (Upasuaji wa Upendo), Burt aliandika: "Wanawake wana maumbile yasiyotosheleza kwa ajili ya kufanya [[ngono]].<ref><nowiki>https://library.osu.edu/collections/spec.202001.burt/summary-information</nowiki></ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1921]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2012]] [[Jamii:Madaktari]] [[Jamii:Ohio]] [[Jamii:Afya ya umma]] <references />{{Mbegu-mtu}} 33f7cakvkm60maypz2723h9yop57zr3 0 248138 1593585 2026-08-30T20:03:23Z Kisai789 82928 Anzisha makala 1593585 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Paul Kato Atita''' '''('''aliyefariki tarehe 10 Oktoba 2025) alikuwa [[mwanasheria]] wa Benin aliyebobea katika [[sheria]] ya [[katiba]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Deuil au Barreau du Bénin : Me Paul Kato Atita est décédé|url=https://www.banouto.bj/societe/article/20251010-deuil-au-barreau-du-benin-me-paul-kato-atita-est-decede|work=banouto.bj|date=2025-10-10|accessdate=2026-08-30|language=fr|author=Banouto}}</ref> == Marejeo == '''Maisha na Kazi''' Atita alisomea katika '''[[Chuo Kikuu cha Abomey-Calavi]]''' na mwaka 1994 alisajiliwa kuwa mwanasheria katika '''Mahakama ya Rufaa ya Cotonou'''. Pia alishiriki katika semina kuhusu haki za wafungwa, akisisitiza umuhimu wa kuendelea kutoa elimu ndani ya mfumo wa mahakama. Mwaka 2016, alimwakilisha '''Trinity Trading Limited Sarl''' katika kesi ya [[Usafirishaji haramu wa binadamu nchini Chad|usafirishaji]] wa dawa za kulevya, ambapo alidai kuwa kampuni hiyo iliwekewa mtego baada ya kugunduliwa kwa kilo 54 za kokeini katika bandari ya Cotonou. Pia aliwahi kuwatetea '''Olivier Boko''' na '''Oswald Homeky''' walipokuwa wakikabiliwa na mashtaka ya '''“njama dhidi ya usalama wa taifa.”''' Katika kipindi cha televisheni mwaka 2012, alizungumza akimuunga mkono Rais '''Thomas Boni Yayi''', akisisitiza umuhimu wa kuheshimu taasisi za serikali. Mwaka 2019, alikosoa kufungwa kwa mpaka wa '''Benin–Nigeria''', akidai kwamba sababu halisi za kufungwa kwa mpaka huo zilikuwa ngumu zaidi kuliko zile zilizotangazwa na mamlaka za Porto-Novo. '''Atita alifariki tarehe 10 Oktoba 2025.''' {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2005]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria]] h0bzilpus8f9cr8glpic71z4yjhzu6s 1593588 1593585 2026-08-30T20:19:39Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1593588 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Paul Kato Atita''' '''('''aliyefariki tarehe 10 Oktoba 2025) alikuwa [[mwanasheria]] wa Benin aliyebobea katika [[sheria]] ya [[katiba]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Deuil au Barreau du Bénin : Me Paul Kato Atita est décédé|url=https://www.banouto.bj/societe/article/20251010-deuil-au-barreau-du-benin-me-paul-kato-atita-est-decede|work=banouto.bj|date=2025-10-10|accessdate=2026-08-30|language=fr|author=Banouto}}</ref> == Marejeo == '''Maisha na Kazi''' Atita alisomea katika '''[[Chuo Kikuu cha Abomey-Calavi]]''' na mwaka 1994 alisajiliwa kuwa mwanasheria katika '''Mahakama ya Rufaa ya Cotonou'''. Pia alishiriki katika semina kuhusu haki za wafungwa, akisisitiza umuhimu wa kuendelea kutoa elimu ndani ya mfumo wa mahakama. Mwaka 2016, alimwakilisha '''Trinity Trading Limited Sarl''' katika kesi ya [[Usafirishaji haramu wa binadamu nchini Chad|usafirishaji]] wa dawa za kulevya, ambapo alidai kuwa kampuni hiyo iliwekewa mtego baada ya kugunduliwa kwa kilo 54 za kokeini katika bandari ya Cotonou. Pia aliwahi kuwatetea '''Olivier Boko''' na '''Oswald Homeky''' walipokuwa wakikabiliwa na mashtaka ya '''“njama dhidi ya usalama wa taifa.”''' Katika kipindi cha televisheni mwaka 2012, alizungumza akimuunga mkono Rais '''Thomas Boni Yayi''', akisisitiza umuhimu wa kuheshimu taasisi za serikali. Mwaka 2019, alikosoa kufungwa kwa mpaka wa '''Benin–Nigeria''', akidai kwamba sababu halisi za kufungwa kwa mpaka huo zilikuwa ngumu zaidi kuliko zile zilizotangazwa na mamlaka za Porto-Novo. '''Atita alifariki tarehe 10 Oktoba 2025.''' {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2005]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria]] gphpaej0yuxbc7rxv82gjk39eokzai8 0 248139 1593586 2026-08-30T20:14:41Z Hamisi msafiri mzuki 81808 Ukurasa ulianzishwa 1593586 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Joseph Kasongo.jpg|thumb|Joseph Kasongo]] '''Joseph-Georges Kasongo''' ([[25 Desemba|Desemba 25]], [[1919]] – [[19 Oktoba|Oktoba 19]], [[1990]]) alikuwa [[mwanasheria]], [[mfanyabiashara]], na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Kongo]] aliyezaliwa [[Tanganyika]] (sasa [[Tanzania]]), ambaye alihudumu kama [[Rais]] wa kwanza wa Baraza la Wajumbe (Chamber of Deputies) la [[Jamhuri]] ya Kongo (leo hii [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]). Baadaye alishika [[madaraka]] kama [[Naibu Waziri|naibu waziri]] mkuu na kama seneta.<ref><nowiki>https://www.myheritage.com/names/joseph_kasongo</nowiki></ref> Kasongo alizaliwa mwaka 1919 mjini [[Dar es Salaam]] katika familia yenye [[asili]] na uhusiano na eneo la [[Maniema]] huko Kongo ya Kibelgiji. Baada ya masomo yake, alianza kufanya kazi katika masuala ya biashara na kwenye [[mahakama]] za kiasili mjini [[Stanleyville]]. Mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1950, akawa [[kiongozi]] katika [[chama]] cha Mouvement National Congolais (MNC) cha [[Patrice Lumumba]] huku akifanya kazi ya ushawishi wa chama hicho.<ref><nowiki>https://www.mauritius-images.com/en/asset/ME-PI-6420336_mauritius_images_image_number_12149260_joseph-kasongo-portrait-24-february-1961</nowiki></ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1919]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1990]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria]] [[Jamii:Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] 0ji5juyhj3r1qitbf7j1m8amnwnwkeo 1593587 1593586 2026-08-30T20:15:48Z Hamisi msafiri mzuki 81808 Marekebisho 1593587 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Joseph Kasongo.jpg|thumb|Joseph Kasongo]] '''Joseph-Georges Kasongo''' ([[25 Desemba|Desemba 25]], [[1919]] – [[19 Oktoba|Oktoba 19]], [[1990]]) alikuwa [[mwanasheria]], [[mfanyabiashara]], na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Kongo]] aliyezaliwa [[Tanganyika]] (sasa [[Tanzania]]), ambaye alihudumu kama [[Rais]] wa kwanza wa Baraza la Wajumbe (Chamber of Deputies) la [[Jamhuri]] ya Kongo (leo hii [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]). Baadaye alishika [[madaraka]] kama [[Naibu Waziri|naibu waziri]] mkuu na kama seneta.<ref><nowiki>https://www.myheritage.com/names/joseph_kasongo</nowiki></ref> Kasongo alizaliwa mwaka 1919 mjini [[Dar es Salaam]] katika familia yenye [[asili]] na uhusiano na eneo la [[Maniema]] huko Kongo ya Kibelgiji. Baada ya masomo yake, alianza kufanya kazi katika masuala ya biashara na kwenye [[mahakama]] za kiasili mjini [[Stanleyville]]. Mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1950, akawa [[kiongozi]] katika [[chama]] cha Mouvement National Congolais (MNC) cha [[Patrice Lumumba]] huku akifanya kazi ya ushawishi wa chama hicho.<ref><nowiki>https://www.mauritius-images.com/en/asset/ME-PI-6420336_mauritius_images_image_number_12149260_joseph-kasongo-portrait-24-february-1961</nowiki></ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1919]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1990]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria]] [[Jamii:Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] <references />{{Mbegu-mtu}} tah0vx0zgtsdo9uunsmpfvne8ppvsym 2 248140 1593589 2026-08-30T20:25:41Z MpembaOg 92054 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika 'Mpemba Og , Mimi ni muundaji wa vichekesho vifupi , TikTok , instagram na facebook .Pia naunda series za Animation YouTube, channel yangu ya YouTube ni MPEMBA COMEDIAN.' 1593589 wikitext text/x-wiki Mpemba Og , Mimi ni muundaji wa vichekesho vifupi , TikTok , instagram na facebook .Pia naunda series za Animation YouTube, channel yangu ya YouTube ni MPEMBA COMEDIAN. brcbyc39bk7kjoaz7pa13rwa5vudihp 0 248141 1593590 2026-08-30T20:34:56Z Hamisi msafiri mzuki 81808 Ukurasa ulianzishwa 1593590 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kezia Asiedua Sanie''' ni [[mwanasheria]] wa [[Ghana]], [[mjasiriamali]] wa kijamii, na mtetezi wa [[vijana]]. Yeye ni mwanzilishi na [[rais]] wa For The Future (FTF) Ghana, [[Shirika Lisilo la Kiserikali|Shirika lisilo la Kiserikali]] (NGO) linalojitolea kupambana na [[umaskini]] wa [[watoto]] pamoja na ukosefu wa [[Usawa wa kijinsia|usawa]] katika [[elimu]] nchini Ghana. Sanie pia anahudumu kama [[mdhamini]] wa Mpango wa [[Tuzo]] za Mkuu wa [[Nchi]] nchini Ghana.<ref><nowiki>https://www.change4ed.org/kezia</nowiki></ref><ref><nowiki>https://www.myjoyonline.com/meet-president-of-for-the-future-ghana-kezia-sanie-who-wants-to-make-a-difference/</nowiki></ref> == Maisha ya awali na Elimu == Sanie alipata [[elimu]] yake ya [[msingi]] katika Shule ya Kimataifa ya God's Grace. Alisoma katika Shule ya [[Elimu ya sekondari|Sekondari]] ya [[Msichana|Wasichana]] ya Wesley (Wesley Girls' High School) mjini [[Cape Coast]]. Alipata [[Shahada ya Awali|Shahada]] yake ya Sheria (Bachelor of Laws) kutoka [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha Ghana, Legon, mnamo mwaka [[2022]]. Alikuwa mwanafunzi wa sheria wa ngazi ya [[taaluma]] katika Shule ya Sheria ya Ghana na alihitimu na kusajiliwa rasmi kama [[wakili]] nchini Ghana mnamo mwezi [[Oktoba 2024]].<ref><nowiki>https://peacefirst.org/2025/01/17/breaking-the-cycle-of-poverty-my-journey-with-ftf-ghana/</nowiki></ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Ghana]] [[Jamii:Ghana]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Ghana]] nlvg04s1fzqplwu7u0nzqjbz6s0u3eu 1593591 1593590 2026-08-30T20:37:45Z Hamisi msafiri mzuki 81808 Marekebisho 1593591 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kezia Asiedua Sanie''' ni [[mwanasheria]] wa [[Ghana]], [[mjasiriamali]] wa kijamii, na mtetezi wa [[vijana]]. Yeye ni mwanzilishi na [[rais]] wa For The Future (FTF) Ghana, [[Shirika Lisilo la Kiserikali|Shirika lisilo la Kiserikali]] (NGO) linalojitolea kupambana na [[umaskini]] wa [[watoto]] pamoja na ukosefu wa [[Usawa wa kijinsia|usawa]] katika [[elimu]] nchini Ghana. Sanie pia anahudumu kama [[mdhamini]] wa Mpango wa [[Tuzo]] za Mkuu wa [[Nchi]] nchini Ghana.<ref><nowiki>https://www.change4ed.org/kezia</nowiki></ref><ref><nowiki>https://www.myjoyonline.com/meet-president-of-for-the-future-ghana-kezia-sanie-who-wants-to-make-a-difference/</nowiki></ref> == Maisha ya awali na Elimu == Sanie alipata [[elimu]] yake ya [[msingi]] katika Shule ya Kimataifa ya God's Grace. Alisoma katika Shule ya [[Elimu ya sekondari|Sekondari]] ya [[Msichana|Wasichana]] ya Wesley (Wesley Girls' High School) mjini [[Cape Coast]]. Alipata [[Shahada ya Awali|Shahada]] yake ya Sheria (Bachelor of Laws) kutoka [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha Ghana, Legon, mnamo mwaka [[2022]]. Alikuwa mwanafunzi wa sheria wa ngazi ya [[taaluma]] katika Shule ya Sheria ya Ghana na alihitimu na kusajiliwa rasmi kama [[wakili]] nchini Ghana mnamo mwezi [[Oktoba 2024]].<ref><nowiki>https://peacefirst.org/2025/01/17/breaking-the-cycle-of-poverty-my-journey-with-ftf-ghana/</nowiki></ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Ghana]] [[Jamii:Ghana]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Ghana]] <references />{{Mbegu-mtu}} qbeorwncdpgcl0omnlj2b0po9yhpsc2 0 248142 1593609 2026-08-31T05:37:56Z Nassimdz03 80813 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox Person |jina = Abdelaziz Bouteflika |picha = Abdelaziz Bouteflika.jpg |maelezo_ya_picha = Abdelaziz Bouteflika mwaka 2014 |tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = [[2 Machi]] [[1937]] |mahali_pa_kuzaliwa = [[Oujda]], [[Morocco]] |tarehe_ya_kufariki = [[17 Septemba]] [[2021]] |mahali_alipofia = [[Zéralda]], [[Algeria]] |majina_mengine = Abdelaziz Bouteflika |anafahamika kwa = Rais wa Algeria |kazi_ya...' 1593609 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person |jina = Abdelaziz Bouteflika |picha = Abdelaziz Bouteflika.jpg |maelezo_ya_picha = Abdelaziz Bouteflika mwaka 2014 |tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = [[2 Machi]] [[1937]] |mahali_pa_kuzaliwa = [[Oujda]], [[Morocco]] |tarehe_ya_kufariki = [[17 Septemba]] [[2021]] |mahali_alipofia = [[Zéralda]], [[Algeria]] |majina_mengine = Abdelaziz Bouteflika |anafahamika kwa = Rais wa Algeria |kazi_yake = Mwanasiasa |nchi = [[Algeria]] |cheo = Rais wa Algeria |muda_wa_cheo = [[27 Aprili]] [[1999]] – [[2 Aprili]] [[2019]] |mtangulizi = [[Liamine Zéroual]] |mrithi = [[Abdelkader Bensalah]] (kaimu) }} '''Abdelaziz Bouteflika''' ([[2 Machi]] [[1937]] – [[17 Septemba]] [[2021]]) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Algeria]] ambaye alikuwa [[Rais wa Algeria]] kuanzia [[27 Aprili]] [[1999]] hadi [[2 Aprili]] [[2019]]. Alikuwa rais wa Algeria kwa karibu miaka 20, na ndiye rais aliyekuwa madarakani kwa muda mrefu zaidi katika historia ya Algeria. Bouteflika alizaliwa [[Oujda]], [[Morocco]], mwaka 1937. Baada ya Algeria kupata uhuru kutoka [[Ufaransa]] mwaka [[1962]], alishika nyadhifa mbalimbali katika serikali ya Algeria, ikiwa ni pamoja na kuwa [[Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Algeria]]. Mwaka [[1999]], Bouteflika alichaguliwa kuwa rais wa Algeria. Alihudumu katika kipindi cha miaka minne mfululizo, hadi alipojiuzulu tarehe [[2 Aprili]] [[2019]] kufuatia [[Maandamano ya Algeria ya 2019|maandamano makubwa nchini Algeria]]. Alifariki tarehe [[17 Septemba]] [[2021]] akiwa na umri wa miaka 84. {{Marais wa Algeria}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bouteflika, Abdelaziz}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1937]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2021]] [[Jamii:Marais wa Algeria]] [[Jamii:Mbegu za wanasiasa]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Algeria]] [[Jamii:Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Algeria]] kf4scdx0wsg0nsz5jp1kxqhqhr3f8e6 1593610 1593609 2026-08-31T05:39:18Z Nassimdz03 80813 1593610 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person |jina = Abdelaziz Bouteflika |picha = Abdelaziz Bouteflika.jpg |maelezo_ya_picha = Abdelaziz Bouteflika mwaka 2008 |tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = [[2 Machi]] [[1937]] |mahali_pa_kuzaliwa = [[Oujda]], [[Morocco]] |tarehe_ya_kufariki = [[17 Septemba]] [[2021]] |mahali_alipofia = [[Zéralda]], [[Algeria]] |majina_mengine = Abdelaziz Bouteflika |anafahamika kwa = Rais wa Algeria |kazi_yake = Mwanasiasa |nchi = [[Algeria]] |cheo = Rais wa Algeria |muda_wa_cheo = [[27 Aprili]] [[1999]] – [[2 Aprili]] [[2019]] |mtangulizi = [[Liamine Zéroual]] |mrithi = [[Abdelkader Bensalah]] (kaimu) }} '''Abdelaziz Bouteflika''' ([[2 Machi]] [[1937]] – [[17 Septemba]] [[2021]]) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Algeria]] ambaye alikuwa [[Rais wa Algeria]] kuanzia [[27 Aprili]] [[1999]] hadi [[2 Aprili]] [[2019]]. Alikuwa rais wa Algeria kwa karibu miaka 20, na ndiye rais aliyekuwa madarakani kwa muda mrefu zaidi katika historia ya Algeria. Bouteflika alizaliwa [[Oujda]], [[Morocco]], mwaka 1937. Baada ya Algeria kupata uhuru kutoka [[Ufaransa]] mwaka [[1962]], alishika nyadhifa mbalimbali katika serikali ya Algeria, ikiwa ni pamoja na kuwa [[Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Algeria]]. Mwaka [[1999]], Bouteflika alichaguliwa kuwa rais wa Algeria. Alihudumu katika kipindi cha miaka minne mfululizo, hadi alipojiuzulu tarehe [[2 Aprili]] [[2019]] kufuatia [[Maandamano ya Algeria ya 2019|maandamano makubwa nchini Algeria]]. Alifariki tarehe [[17 Septemba]] [[2021]] akiwa na umri wa miaka 84. {{Marais wa Aljeria}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bouteflika, Abdelaziz}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1937]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2021]] [[Jamii:Marais wa Algeria]] [[Jamii:Mbegu za wanasiasa]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Algeria]] aeix6w64q5jx5bhvevbiv655r01er7m 0 248143 1593611 2026-08-31T06:44:57Z Agness Abubakar Saidi 88720 Kurasa mpya 1593611 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ted Moore''', (7 Agosti 1914 – 1987) alikuwa mpiga picha wa filamu wa Afrika Kusini na Uingereza anayejulikana kwa kazi yake kwenye filamu saba za James Bond katika miaka ya 1960 na mapema miaka ya 1970. Alishinda Tuzo ya Academy kuwa Mpiga Picha Bora kwa kazi yake kwenye filamu ya Fred Zinnemann ya ''A Man for All Seasons'', na Tuzo mbili za BAFTA za Mpiga Picha Bora kwa ''A Man for All Seasons'' na ''From Russia with Love''. == Maisha na Kazi == Moore alizaliwa nchini Afrika Kusini na baadae alihamia Uingereza akiwa na umri wa miaka kumi na sita, ambapo kuanzia mwaka 1942 alihudumu katika Jeshi la Anga la Kifalme (Royal Air Force) wakati wa Vita Kuu ya Pili ya Dunia. Akiwa rubani aliyehitimu, aliruka kama mpiga picha katika ndege za DH Mosquitoes na kikosi cha "Pinewood Military Film Unit" akipiga picha za operesheni za ndege za milipuko. Wakati wa vita, alijiunga na kitengo cha filamu na kuanza kuboresha ujuzi wake. Baada ya kuhudumu kama mhudumu wa kamera kwenye filamu kama vile ''The African Queen'', na filamu za Warwick Films za Irving Allen na Albert R. Broccoli kama ''The Red Beret'', ''Hell Below Zero'', na ''The Black Knight'', alipewa kazi ya uongozi wa picha kwenye filamu ya 1956 ya ''High Flight'', iliyorekodiwa katika mazingira anayoyajua ya Jeshi la Anga la Kifalme. Alifanya kazi kwenye filamu zingine za Warwick Films, kama vile ''Cockleshell Heroes'', ''Zarak'', ''Johnny Nobody'' na ''No Time to Die'' pamoja na uzalishaji wake wa hali ya juu wa mwaka 1960 wa ''The Trials of Oscar Wilde''.<ref name="Vagg">Vagg, Stephen (8 December 2025). "Forgotten British Film Moguls: Cubby Broccoli and Irving Allen". Filmink.</ref> Mnamo 1962, Broccoli na mwongoza filamu Terence Young walimchagua kama mpiga picha mkuu wa filamu ya marekebisho ya riwaya ya Ian Fleming ya ''Dr. No''. Moore alipiga picha filamu zingine saba za Bond: ''From Russia with Love'' (ambayo ilimwezesha kushinda tuzo ya BAFTA), ''Goldfinger'', na ''Thunderball''. Moore pia alipiga picha filamu ya Eon Productions ya ''Call Me Bwana'', na wakati Sean Connery alipoondoka kwenye mfululizo wa filamu hizo, Moore alikuwa mpiga picha wa ''Shalako''. Alirejea Eon Productions kwa ajili ya ''Diamonds Are Forever'',<ref name="Canby">Canby, Vincent (31 March 2023). "Diamonds Are Forever (1971) A Benign Bond: 007 Stars in 'Diamonds Are Forever'". The New York Times.</ref> ''Live and Let Die'', na sehemu za ''The Man with the Golden Gun'', ambapo alibadilishwa kutokana na kuugua na Oswald Morris. Zaidi ya hayo, Moore alishinda tuzo ya BAFTA na Oscar kwa kazi yake ya kamera katika ''A Man for All Seasons'' na hivyo akawa Mwafrika Kusini wa kwanza kushinda tuzo ya Oscar. Pia alifanya kazi kwenye ''The Day of the Triffids'', ''The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie'', ''The Golden Voyage of Sinbad'', ''Orca'', na ''Clash of the Titans''. Moore alifariki dunia mwaka 1987. == Filamu Alizofanya == * ''April in Portugal'' (1954) * ''A Prize of Gold'' (1955) * ''The Gamma People'' (1955) * ''Odongo'' (1956) * ''Zarak'' (1957) * ''Interpol'' (1957) * ''How to Murder a Rich Uncle'' (1957) * ''High Flight'' (1957) * ''No Time to Die'' (1958) * ''The Man Inside'' (1958) * ''Idol on Parade'' (1959) * ''The Bandit of Zhobe'' (1959) * ''Killers of Kilimanjaro'' (1959) * ''Jazz Boat'' (1960) * ''Let's Get Married'' (1960) * ''The Trials of Oscar Wilde'' (1960) * ''In the Nick'' (1960) * ''Johnny Nobody'' (1961) * ''The Hellions'' (1961) * ''Mix Me a Person'' (1962) * ''Dr. No'' (1962) * ''The Day of the Triffids'' (1962) * ''Nine Hours to Rama'' (1963) * ''Call Me Bwana'' (1963) * ''From Russia with Love'' (1963) * ''Goldfinger'' (1964) * ''The Amorous Adventures of Moll Flanders'' (1965) * ''Thunderball'' (1965) * ''A Man for All Seasons'' (1966) * ''The Last Safari'' (1967) * ''Prudence and the Pill'' (1968) * ''Shalako'' (1968) * ''The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie'' (1969) * ''The Chairman'' (1969) (bila kutajwa) * ''Country Dance'' (1970) * ''She'll Follow You Anywhere'' (1971) * ''Diamonds Are Forever'' (1971) * ''Psychomania'' (1973) * ''Live and Let Die'' (1973) * ''The Golden Voyage of Sinbad'' (1974) * ''The Story of Jacob and Joseph'' (1974) (filamu ya runinga) * ''The Man with the Golden Gun'' (1974) * ''Sinbad and the Eye of the Tiger'' (1977) * ''Orca'' (1977) * ''Dominique'' (1978) * ''The Martian Chronicles'' (1980) (mfululizo mdogo; vipindi 3) * ''Clash of the Titans'' (1981) * ''Priest of Love'' (1981) * ''Charles & Diana: A Royal Love Story'' (1982) (filamu ya runinga) == Tuzo na Uteuzi == ; Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences * Mpiga Picha Bora: ''A Man for All Seasons'' (alishinda) ; British Academy of Film and Television Arts * Mpiga Picha Bora: ''From Russia with Love'' (alishinda) * Mpiga Picha Bora: ''A Man for All Seasons'' (alishinda) ; British Society of Cinematographers * Mpiga Picha Bora: ''From Russia with Love'' (alishinda) == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1914]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1987]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] nmojkon2xmnls2r01o5bevhp7f7v3wd 0 248144 1593612 2026-08-31T07:32:53Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1593612 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Matteo Pessina (cropped).jpg|thumb|Matteo Pessina]] '''Matteo Pessina''', '''Cavaliere OMRI''' (alizaliwa [[21 Aprili]] [[1997]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[soka]] wa kulipwa wa [[Italia]] anae cheza kama kiungo na ni [[nahodha]] wa [[klabu]] ya Monza inayoshiriki Serie A. Baada ya kupitia mfumo wa vijana wa klabu, Pessina alianza taaluma yake ya soka katika Monza. [[Mwaka]] [[2015]], alijiunga na [[AC Milan]], ambayo ilimpeleka kwa mkopo katika klabu za Lecce, Catania na Como. Mwaka [[2017]], alihamia Atalanta na akapelekwa kwa mkopo mara mbili, kwanza Spezia na baadaye Hellas Verona. Pessina alianza kuwa mchezaji wa kikosi cha kwanza cha Atalanta baada ya kurejea kutoka mkopo mwaka [[2020]]. Mwaka [[2022]], alirejea katika klabu yake ya nyumbani, Monza, na kuteuliwa kuwa nahodha wa klabu. Pessina aliwakilisha Italia katika ngazi za chini ya miaka 19, chini ya miaka 20 na chini ya miaka 21, kabla ya kucheza kwa mara ya kwanza katika [[timu ya taifa]] ya wakubwa mwaka 2020. Alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi cha Italia katika [[UEFA]] Euro 2020, ambapo alifunga mabao mawili yaliyosaidia timu yake kushinda mashindano hayo.<ref>https://www.mbnews.it/2022/07/calcio-monza-capitano-simone-pessina-adriano-galliani/</ref><ref>https://www.acmonza.com/it/news/3732/</ref><ref>https://www.atalanta.it/news/miranchuk-esordio-in-nerazzurro-con-gol-duplicate-1</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1997]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Italia]] <references />{{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} jk9yd7p5jm0hwvz65d17newlfvh21uc 0 248145 1593614 2026-08-31T07:47:19Z Bigvai Muhoti 57103 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Honda Vamos''' ni gari la matumizi ya burudani lililotengenezwa awali na kampuni ya kutengeneza magari ya Japan [[Honda]] kuanzia mwaka 1970 hadi 1973, na lilianzishwa tena kama kiwango cha vifaa cha [[Honda Acty]] [[microvan]] kuanzia mwaka 1999. Jina lake, "Vamos", ni neno la [[Kihispania]] na [[Kireno]] linalomaanisha "twende". == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Magari ya Honda]] [[Jamii:Microvan]] [[Jamii:Magari ya Japan]] Jamii:Magari ya matumi...' 1593614 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Honda Vamos''' ni gari la matumizi ya burudani lililotengenezwa awali na kampuni ya kutengeneza magari ya Japan [[Honda]] kuanzia mwaka 1970 hadi 1973, na lilianzishwa tena kama kiwango cha vifaa cha [[Honda Acty]] [[microvan]] kuanzia mwaka 1999. Jina lake, "Vamos", ni neno la [[Kihispania]] na [[Kireno]] linalomaanisha "twende". == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Magari ya Honda]] [[Jamii:Microvan]] [[Jamii:Magari ya Japan]] [[Jamii:Magari ya matumizi ya burudani]] 3a8stvnzno1pzez0qtvun2pzs9w439g 0 248146 1593615 2026-08-31T07:50:29Z Bigvai Muhoti 57103 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Huali Dafa''' ni [[microvan]] yenye silinda tatu na gari la kubebea mizigo chini ya mfululizo wa bidhaa za [[Huali]], iliyotengenezwa na [[FAW Tianjin]], mwanachama wa [[First Automotive Works Group]], katika [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] tangu ilipoanzishwa mwaka 1984. Dafa hutafsiriwa kuwa ''Daihatsu'' kwa Kichina, jambo linalomaanisha kwamba ni modeli ya [[Daihatsu]] iliyobadilishwa chapa. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Magari ya Huali]] Jamii...' 1593615 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Huali Dafa''' ni [[microvan]] yenye silinda tatu na gari la kubebea mizigo chini ya mfululizo wa bidhaa za [[Huali]], iliyotengenezwa na [[FAW Tianjin]], mwanachama wa [[First Automotive Works Group]], katika [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] tangu ilipoanzishwa mwaka 1984. Dafa hutafsiriwa kuwa ''Daihatsu'' kwa Kichina, jambo linalomaanisha kwamba ni modeli ya [[Daihatsu]] iliyobadilishwa chapa. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Magari ya Huali]] [[Jamii:Microvan]] [[Jamii:Magari ya kubebea mizigo]] [[Jamii:Magari ya China]] 3aemapxrf43g1qprtbl6tmx2bpjc8s4 0 248147 1593616 2026-08-31T07:53:59Z Bigvai Muhoti 57103 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jiabao V52''' na '''Jiabao V55''' ni [[Microvan|microvan]] zenye uwezo wa kubeba abiria kati ya watano na wanane, zilizotengenezwa na [[FAW Jilin]] chini ya chapa ndogo ya Jiabao. Toleo zenye mwili wa pickup huuzwa kama '''Jiabao T50''' na '''Jiabao T57'''. Jiabao V52 na V55 ni warithi wa muundo wa awali wa [[cabover]] wa Jiabao CA6361, uliouzwa kuanzia mwaka 1999 hadi 2009, na sehemu ya nyuma ya mwili wa van ilihamishwa na kutumika kwenye modeli za V5...' 1593616 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jiabao V52''' na '''Jiabao V55''' ni [[Microvan|microvan]] zenye uwezo wa kubeba abiria kati ya watano na wanane, zilizotengenezwa na [[FAW Jilin]] chini ya chapa ndogo ya Jiabao. Toleo zenye mwili wa pickup huuzwa kama '''Jiabao T50''' na '''Jiabao T57'''. Jiabao V52 na V55 ni warithi wa muundo wa awali wa [[cabover]] wa Jiabao CA6361, uliouzwa kuanzia mwaka 1999 hadi 2009, na sehemu ya nyuma ya mwili wa van ilihamishwa na kutumika kwenye modeli za V52 na V55, huku toleo la pickup la Jiabao CA6361 likiendelea kuzalishwa na kuuzwa kama '''Jiabao T51'''. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Magari ya FAW]] [[Jamii:Microvan]] [[Jamii:Magari ya China]] [[Jamii:Magari ya kibiashara]] 4c707uh6gz878h1lsh6x4p26ltw3ynu 0 248148 1593617 2026-08-31T07:56:08Z Bigvai Muhoti 57103 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jiabao V70''' ni [[Microvan|microvan]] yenye uwezo wa kubeba abiria kati ya watano na wanane, iliyotengenezwa na [[FAW Jilin]] chini ya chapa ndogo ya Jiabao. == Muhtasari == FAW Jiabao V70 ilizinduliwa awali mwaka 2009 na ilipokea maboresho kadhaa, ikiwa ni pamoja na kizazi cha pili ambacho kimsingi ni modeli hiyo hiyo bila mabadiliko dhahiri ya mwonekano. Modeli ya maboresho ya kizazi cha kwanza ya Jiabao V70 iliyouzwa kuanzia mwaka 2011 hadi 2012...' 1593617 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jiabao V70''' ni [[Microvan|microvan]] yenye uwezo wa kubeba abiria kati ya watano na wanane, iliyotengenezwa na [[FAW Jilin]] chini ya chapa ndogo ya Jiabao. == Muhtasari == FAW Jiabao V70 ilizinduliwa awali mwaka 2009 na ilipokea maboresho kadhaa, ikiwa ni pamoja na kizazi cha pili ambacho kimsingi ni modeli hiyo hiyo bila mabadiliko dhahiri ya mwonekano. Modeli ya maboresho ya kizazi cha kwanza ya Jiabao V70 iliyouzwa kuanzia mwaka 2011 hadi 2012 iliuzwa kwa bei kati ya yuan 36,200 na yuan 48,800 kabla ya kusitishwa kwa uzalishaji. Iliyizinduliwa mwaka 2012, kizazi cha pili cha Jiabao V70 kilikuwa na injini ya petroli ya silinda nne zilizopangwa mstari yenye ujazo wa lita 1.0 au injini ya petroli ya silinda nne zilizopangwa mstari yenye ujazo wa lita 1.3, huku injini zote mbili zikikidhi kiwango cha utoaji wa hewa chafu cha Euro IV. Jiabao V70 iliuzwa kwa bei kati ya yuan 34,900 na yuan 50,900 kabla ya kusitishwa kwa uzalishaji. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Magari ya FAW]] [[Jamii:Microvan]] [[Jamii:Magari ya China]] [[Jamii:Magari ya kibiashara]] 62yelqja7c5442s7q91vm1m696kumx1 0 248149 1593618 2026-08-31T07:58:01Z Bigvai Muhoti 57103 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jiabao V75''' na '''Jiabao V77''' ni [[Microvan|microvan]] zenye uwezo wa kubeba abiria kati ya watano na wanane, zilizotengenezwa na [[FAW Jilin]] chini ya chapa ndogo ya Jiabao, huku V77 ikiwa toleo refu lililotokana na V75. == Muhtasari == Iliyizinduliwa mwaka 2015, Jiabao V75 inaendeshwa na injini ya petroli yenye silinda tatu zilizopangwa mstari na ujazo wa lita 1.0 yenye nguvu ya farasi 75, na Jiabao V77 inaendeshwa na injini ya petroli yenye si...' 1593618 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jiabao V75''' na '''Jiabao V77''' ni [[Microvan|microvan]] zenye uwezo wa kubeba abiria kati ya watano na wanane, zilizotengenezwa na [[FAW Jilin]] chini ya chapa ndogo ya Jiabao, huku V77 ikiwa toleo refu lililotokana na V75. == Muhtasari == Iliyizinduliwa mwaka 2015, Jiabao V75 inaendeshwa na injini ya petroli yenye silinda tatu zilizopangwa mstari na ujazo wa lita 1.0 yenye nguvu ya farasi 75, na Jiabao V77 inaendeshwa na injini ya petroli yenye silinda nne zilizopangwa mstari na ujazo wa lita 1.0 yenye nguvu ya farasi 75 au injini ya petroli yenye silinda nne zilizopangwa mstari na ujazo wa lita 1.3 yenye nguvu ya farasi 88. Jiabao V75 iliuzwa kwa bei kati ya yuan 28,900 na yuan 30,900, na Jiabao V77 yenye urefu zaidi iliuzwa kwa bei kati ya yuan 30,900 na yuan 35,900. Pia kulikuwa na toleo refu zaidi kwa milimita 304 lililoitwa '''Jiabao V55''', lenye modeli moja iliyouzwa kwa yuan 32,900, ambalo lilikuwa na injini hiyo hiyo. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Magari ya FAW]] [[Jamii:Microvan]] [[Jamii:Magari ya China]] [[Jamii:Magari ya kibiashara]] 7cqe62lkbg71qmnh36lds1gd2d8cuep 0 248150 1593619 2026-08-31T08:00:00Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1593619 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Abu-Kyakama-Mayanja.jpg|thumb|Abu-Kyakama-Mayanja]] '''Abubaker Kakyama Mayanja''' ([[Agosti]] [[1929]] – [[4 Novemba]] [[2005]]) alikuwa [[Katibu Mkuu]] wa kwanza wa chama cha [[Uganda]] National Congress (UNC), chama cha kwanza cha [[siasa]] nchini Uganda, kilichoanzishwa tarehe [[6 Machi]] [[1952]] na Ignatius K. Musaazi. Alikuwa kijana alipokuwa Katibu Mkuu wa UNC, wakati bado alikuwa [[mwanafunzi]] wa [[shahada]] ya kwanza katika Chuo cha Makerere, ambacho baadaye kilikuja kuwa [[Chuo Kikuu cha Makerere]]. Abu Mayanja alimsaidia Musaazi kuandaa Katiba ya chama cha Uganda National Congress. Abu alikuwa mpigania [[uhuru]] wa Uganda na Afrika, [[mbunge]] mwenye msimamo thabiti, na mtu aliyepinga ukosefu wa haki. == Maisha ya awali na kazi == Abu Mayanja alizaliwa mwaka 1929 na wazazi wake Abdalla Waswa Kambuga Kakyama na Mariantonia Kayaga. [[Baba]] yake, Abdalla, alitoka katika kijiji cha Buga (Ziba), karibu na Ngogwe, katika [[Wilaya]] ya Mukono, Uganda. Mama yake, Mariantonia, alitoka [[Visiwa]] vya Buvuma. Baba yake alikuwa [[mkulima]] wa kujikimu na alikuwa [[Mwislamu]] kwa imani, huku mama yake akiwa [[Mkristo]].<ref>https://www.ugandaradionetwork.net/story/was-abu-mayanja-a-nationalist-or-staunch-sub-nationalist-</ref><ref>https://www.independent.co.ug/remembering-abu-mayanja/</ref><ref>https://africanbookscollective.com/books/abu-mayanja-mp/</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1929]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2005]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Uganda]] <references />{{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} 9g66vjsw5r5y8xh8e9qbdhedekecm6v 0 248151 1593620 2026-08-31T08:03:40Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Erastus Ekitela Lokaale''' ([[1978]]) ni [[mwanadiplomasia]], [[mwanasheria]] na [[mwanasiasa]] wa Kenya ambaye kwa sasa anahudumu kama Mwakilishi wa Kudumu wa Jamhuri ya [[Kenya]] katika Umoja wa Mataifa mjini [[New York]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Provided |first=Photo |date=2025-02-26 |title=Kenyan UN ambassador finds connections, opportunities in SUNY Oswego visit |url=https://www.oswegocountynewsnow.com/news/kenyan-un-ambassador-finds-connect...' 1593620 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Erastus Ekitela Lokaale''' ([[1978]]) ni [[mwanadiplomasia]], [[mwanasheria]] na [[mwanasiasa]] wa Kenya ambaye kwa sasa anahudumu kama Mwakilishi wa Kudumu wa Jamhuri ya [[Kenya]] katika Umoja wa Mataifa mjini [[New York]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Provided |first=Photo |date=2025-02-26 |title=Kenyan UN ambassador finds connections, opportunities in SUNY Oswego visit |url=https://www.oswegocountynewsnow.com/news/kenyan-un-ambassador-finds-connections-opportunities-in-suny-oswego-visit/article_b7193b7c-f39c-11ef-8827-13f3a3671b92.html |access-date=2026-02-19 |website=Oswego County News Now |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite news |title=Ruto nominates Erastus Lokaale UN permanent representative |url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2024-03-08-ruto-nominates-erastus-lokaale-un-permanent-representative/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240404061621/https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2024-03-08-ruto-nominates-erastus-lokaale-un-permanent-representative/ |archive-date=2024-04-04 |access-date=2026-02-19 |work=The Star |language=en-KE}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1978|}} [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Kenya]] kg6oc7p96j6t4ltqtreyj9ha7blfwje 0 248152 1593621 2026-08-31T08:04:44Z Bigvai Muhoti 57103 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jinbei T20''' awali ilizinduliwa kama '''Jinbei Haixing T20''', toleo la [[Pickup truck|pickup]] la [[microvan]] ya '''Jinbei Haixing A7''' iliyotengenezwa na mtengenezaji wa magari wa China [[Brilliance Auto]] chini ya chapa ya [[Jinbei (marque)|Jinbei]]. Toleo lenye umbali mrefu wa magurudumu lililoitwa '''Jinbei Haixing A9''' pia lilipatikana. Jinbei Haixing T20 ilitumia jukwaa hilo hilo na kushirikiana muundo wa kabini. == Jinbei Haixing A7/Haixing...' 1593621 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jinbei T20''' awali ilizinduliwa kama '''Jinbei Haixing T20''', toleo la [[Pickup truck|pickup]] la [[microvan]] ya '''Jinbei Haixing A7''' iliyotengenezwa na mtengenezaji wa magari wa China [[Brilliance Auto]] chini ya chapa ya [[Jinbei (marque)|Jinbei]]. Toleo lenye umbali mrefu wa magurudumu lililoitwa '''Jinbei Haixing A9''' pia lilipatikana. Jinbei Haixing T20 ilitumia jukwaa hilo hilo na kushirikiana muundo wa kabini. == Jinbei Haixing A7/Haixing A9/Haixing T20 (2011–2017) == Bei ya Jinbei Haixing A7 inaanzia yuan 29,800 na kufikia yuan 34,800. Injini ya Haixing A7 ni ya silinda nne yenye ujazo wa lita 1.0 inayozalisha nguvu ya farasi 61. Bei ya Jinbei Haixing A9 inaanzia yuan 34,800 na kufikia yuan 39,900 huku ikitumia injini hiyo hiyo. Jinbei Haixing A7 na A9 zilitengenezwa na Brilliance Xinyuan Chongqing Auto (华晨鑫源), tawi la Brilliance Auto la Chongqing. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Magari ya Jinbei]] [[Jamii:Microvan]] [[Jamii:Magari ya kubebea mizigo]] [[Jamii:Magari ya China]] dkgo2dil6nxnvbhlaxhltmpg7gsm0ch 0 248153 1593622 2026-08-31T08:06:36Z Bigvai Muhoti 57103 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jonway Wuxing''' (五星) ni [[microvan]] iliyotengenezwa na [[Jonway Automobile]]. == Muhtasari == Jonway Wuxing ilizinduliwa awali mwezi Septemba 2012. Baadaye mwezi Mei 2013. Wuxing ilikuwa hatua ya kwanza ya Jonway Automobile kuingia katika soko la [[microvan]] nchini China, na Wuxing kwa Kichina inamaanisha "Nyota Tano". Jonway Automobile ilipanga kuzindua modeli hiyo nchini Marekani kama '''Shuttle G''', na toleo la ziada la umeme pia lilipangw...' 1593622 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jonway Wuxing''' (五星) ni [[microvan]] iliyotengenezwa na [[Jonway Automobile]]. == Muhtasari == Jonway Wuxing ilizinduliwa awali mwezi Septemba 2012. Baadaye mwezi Mei 2013. Wuxing ilikuwa hatua ya kwanza ya Jonway Automobile kuingia katika soko la [[microvan]] nchini China, na Wuxing kwa Kichina inamaanisha "Nyota Tano". Jonway Automobile ilipanga kuzindua modeli hiyo nchini Marekani kama '''Shuttle G''', na toleo la ziada la umeme pia lilipangwa kuzinduliwa kama '''Shuttle EV'''. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Magari ya Jonway]] [[Jamii:Microvan]] [[Jamii:Magari ya China]] [[Jamii:Magari ya kibiashara]] d2lgameqb2tviovzevnmaykznvvn8lz 0 248154 1593623 2026-08-31T08:09:13Z Bigvai Muhoti 57103 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Joylong EM3''' ([[Kichina]]: 九龙EM3) ni gari la mjini la umeme lililotengenezwa na [[Joylong]]. == Muhtasari == Joylong EM3 ilionyeshwa mwaka 2019. Ina vipimo vya 3180 mm/1495 mm/1720 mm, [[wheelbase|umbali wa magurudumu]] wa 2100 mm, na uzito wa 1155 kg. EM3 ina milango 5 na viti 5, na itauzwa kwa bei kuanzia $10,000 hadi $20,000. === Utendaji === Joylong EM3 ina motor ya umeme inayozalisha nguvu ya farasi 40 na torque ya 150 Nm, ikiwa na kasi y...' 1593623 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joylong EM3''' ([[Kichina]]: 九龙EM3) ni gari la mjini la umeme lililotengenezwa na [[Joylong]]. == Muhtasari == Joylong EM3 ilionyeshwa mwaka 2019. Ina vipimo vya 3180 mm/1495 mm/1720 mm, [[wheelbase|umbali wa magurudumu]] wa 2100 mm, na uzito wa 1155 kg. EM3 ina milango 5 na viti 5, na itauzwa kwa bei kuanzia $10,000 hadi $20,000. === Utendaji === Joylong EM3 ina motor ya umeme inayozalisha nguvu ya farasi 40 na torque ya 150 Nm, ikiwa na kasi ya juu ya 80 km/h. Umbali wa kusafiri ni kilomita 380. Kuchaji huchukua saa 12.5 kwa kutumia chaja iliyowekwa ndani ya gari au saa 2 q4n8g73dchb6kf4fsyqzg8ehbmhmig8 0 248155 1593624 2026-08-31T08:10:38Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Daniel Ohene Darko''' ([[18 Juni]], [[1961]]) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Ghana]] ambaye kwa sasa anahudumu kama [[Mbunge]] wa Jimbo la Upper Denkyira West.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Darko, Ohene Daniel |url=https://ghanamps.com/mp/daniel-ohene-darko/ |access-date=2022-08-26 |website=Ghana MPS |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-05-26|title=Denkyira West youth not prepared to stop galamsey, train them on responsible mining – MP|url=https...' 1593624 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Daniel Ohene Darko''' ([[18 Juni]], [[1961]]) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Ghana]] ambaye kwa sasa anahudumu kama [[Mbunge]] wa Jimbo la Upper Denkyira West.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Darko, Ohene Daniel |url=https://ghanamps.com/mp/daniel-ohene-darko/ |access-date=2022-08-26 |website=Ghana MPS |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-05-26|title=Denkyira West youth not prepared to stop galamsey, train them on responsible mining – MP|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Denkyira-West-youth-not-prepared-to-stop-galamsey-train-them-on-responsible-mining-MP-1271359|access-date=2022-01-22|website=GhanaWeb|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-10 |title=#2020polls: NDC wins Upper Denkyira West seat |url=https://www.classfmonline.com/news/politics/2020polls-NDC-wins-Upper-Denkyira-West-seat-21125 |access-date=2022-01-22 |website=class fm online. |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1961|}} [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Kenya]] rqijq3vvys0hdjebwijdwf3ey6i571e 1593639 1593624 2026-08-31T09:22:12Z Hussein m mmbaga 52054 1593639 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Daniel Ohene Darko''' alizaliwa ([[18 Juni]], [[1961]]) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Ghana]] ambaye kwa sasa anahudumu kama [[Mbunge]] wa Jimbo la Upper Denkyira West.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Darko, Ohene Daniel |url=https://ghanamps.com/mp/daniel-ohene-darko/ |access-date=2022-08-26 |website=Ghana MPS |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-05-26|title=Denkyira West youth not prepared to stop galamsey, train them on responsible mining – MP|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Denkyira-West-youth-not-prepared-to-stop-galamsey-train-them-on-responsible-mining-MP-1271359|access-date=2022-01-22|website=GhanaWeb|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-10 |title=#2020polls: NDC wins Upper Denkyira West seat |url=https://www.classfmonline.com/news/politics/2020polls-NDC-wins-Upper-Denkyira-West-seat-21125 |access-date=2022-01-22 |website=class fm online. |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1961|}} [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Kenya]] 0vb4nkpzyq5clqp0n4nhmjmstkg73vw 0 248156 1593625 2026-08-31T08:22:55Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1593625 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Esta Nambayo''' ni [[mwanasheria]] na [[jaji]] wa [[Uganda]] ambaye aliteuliwa kuwa Jaji wa [[Mahakama]] Kuu ya Uganda tarehe [[4 Oktoba]] [[2019]]. Kwa sasa ni Jaji wa Mahakama ya Rufaa ya Uganda. Kabla ya hapo, kuanzia tarehe [[27 Agosti]] [[2018]] hadi 4 Oktoba 2019, alihudumu kama Msajili Mkuu wa Mahakama za Uganda. Katika nafasi hiyo, alikuwa afisa wa tano kwa cheo cha juu katika mahakama za nchi, akifuatiwa kwa mpangilio na Jaji Mkuu, Naibu Jaji Mkuu, Jaji Mkuu wa Mahakama Kuu, na Katibu wa Mahakama. == Kazi == Alianza kazi yake katika [[miaka]] ya [[1990]] akiwa afisa wa [[sheria]] katika Shirikisho la Kimataifa la Mawakili [[Wanawake]] (FIDA), katika ofisi yao ya [[Kampala]]. Aliingia katika mahakama akiwa Hakimu Daraja la Kwanza, akihudumu katika mahakama za Luweero, Nakasongola na Kampala City Hall. Baadaye alihamishiwa Mbarara akiwa na cheo cha Hakimu Mkuu. Akiwa huko, wakati huo huo alihudumu kama Naibu Msajili wa Mahakama ya Mbarara. Kutoka [[Mbarara]], alihudumu kama Hakimu Mkuu katika mahakama za Mengo, Nakawa na Makindye, zote zikiwa Kampala. Wakati huo huo, alihudumu kama Msajili Msaidizi wa Kitengo cha [[Ardhi]]. == Familia == Esta Nambayo ameolewa na ni [[mama]] wa [[watoto]] wawili.<ref>https://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Museveni-Esta-Nambayo-Chief-Registrar-Gadenya/688334-4730614-3yetkkz/index.html</ref><ref>https://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/I-will-rectify-Judiciary-challenges-Nambayo/688334-4731634-36luusz/index.html</ref><ref>https://judiciary.go.ug/data/news/583/HW%20Esta%20Nambayo%20Named%20New%20Judiciary%20Chief%20Registrar%20.html</ref><ref>https://chimpreports.com/judiciary-gets-new-chief-registrar/</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Uganda]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu}} jyplw9dlj458wa4xsx6h5d484vf047d 0 248157 1593626 2026-08-31T08:28:48Z Bigvai Muhoti 57103 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Kandi K23''' ni [[microvan]] iliyotengenezwa na mtengenezaji wa China [[Kandi Technologies]]. == Muhtasari == Modeli ya K23 iliingia katika safu ya chapa ya Kandi kama [[microvan]] ndogo yenye muundo wa kisasa wa avant-garde. Gari hilo lina umbo la [[monocoque]] lenye michoro iliyochongwa kwa ustadi, likitofautishwa na taa za mbele zilizoinuliwa na kuwekwa juu pamoja na sehemu ya kuingiza hewa mbele iliyopambwa kwa kromu, huku sehemu ya nyuma ikiwa na...' 1593626 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kandi K23''' ni [[microvan]] iliyotengenezwa na mtengenezaji wa China [[Kandi Technologies]]. == Muhtasari == Modeli ya K23 iliingia katika safu ya chapa ya Kandi kama [[microvan]] ndogo yenye muundo wa kisasa wa avant-garde. Gari hilo lina umbo la [[monocoque]] lenye michoro iliyochongwa kwa ustadi, likitofautishwa na taa za mbele zilizoinuliwa na kuwekwa juu pamoja na sehemu ya kuingiza hewa mbele iliyopambwa kwa kromu, huku sehemu ya nyuma ikiwa na taa za nyuma zilizowekwa kwenye nguzo. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Magari ya Kandi]] [[Jamii:Microvan]] [[Jamii:Magari ya China]] lv0yr9uv1hcy0stzpc43eevc4h0johe 0 248158 1593627 2026-08-31T08:33:32Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Imajyn Cardinal''' ni [[mwigizaji]] wa kabila la Cree kutoka [[Calgary]], [[Alberta]], nchini [[Kanada]].<ref>Eric Volmers, [https://calgaryherald.com/entertainment/movies/calgary-teen-imajyn-cardinal-strives-for-independence-in-montreal-shot-drama-the-saver "Calgary teen, Imajyn Cardinal, strives for independence in Montreal-shot drama, The Saver"]. ''[[Calgary Herald]]'', September 26, 2015.</ref><ref>[https://www.cbc.ca/radio/unreserved/from-boys-wit...' 1593627 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Imajyn Cardinal''' ni [[mwigizaji]] wa kabila la Cree kutoka [[Calgary]], [[Alberta]], nchini [[Kanada]].<ref>Eric Volmers, [https://calgaryherald.com/entertainment/movies/calgary-teen-imajyn-cardinal-strives-for-independence-in-montreal-shot-drama-the-saver "Calgary teen, Imajyn Cardinal, strives for independence in Montreal-shot drama, The Saver"]. ''[[Calgary Herald]]'', September 26, 2015.</ref><ref>[https://www.cbc.ca/radio/unreserved/from-boys-with-braids-to-girls-with-game-1.3506645/actress-imajyn-cardinal-becomes-different-characters-to-overcome-shyness-1.3515234 "Actress Imajyn Cardinal becomes different characters to overcome shyness"]. ''[[Unreserved]]'', April 1, 2016.</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-igiza-filamu}} {{BD||}} [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kanada]] 1n2m3wfkcq0gc4bmkbih1ouqyjtlpsf 0 248159 1593628 2026-08-31T08:36:51Z Agness Abubakar Saidi 88720 Kurasa mpya 1593628 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jihan El-Tahri''' (kwa Kiarabu: ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺍلطاهري; alizaliwa [[Beirut]], [[Lebanon]]) ni mwandishi, mkurugenzi na mtayarishaji wa filamu za hali halisi mwenye uraia wa [[Ufaransa]] na [[Misri]]. El-Tahri alipata shahada ya kwanza ya sayansi ya siasa mwaka 1984 na shahada ya uzamili katika taaluma hiyo mwaka 1986 kutoka [[American University in Cairo]]. Kati ya 1984 na 1990 alifanya kazi kama mwandishi wa habari wa ''U.S. News & World Report'' na [[Reuters]], mtafiti wa televisheni na mtayarishaji msaidizi katika [[Tunisia]], [[Lebanon]], [[Iraq]], [[Jordan]], [[Algeria]] na [[Misri]]. Aliripoti kuhusu siasa za Mashariki ya Kati.<ref name="Diao">Claire Diao (5 Februari 2016). ["Jihan El-Tahri, cinéaste du passé recomposé"] (https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2016/02/05/jihan-el-tahri-cineaste-du-passe-recompose_4860159_3212.html). ''Le Monde'' (kwa Kifaransa). Ilirejeshwa 20 Mei 2018.</ref> Mwaka 1990 alianza kuongoza na kutayarisha filamu za hali halisi kwa televisheni ya Ufaransa, na tangu 1995 kwa [[BBC]]. Mwaka 1992 alirekodi kambi za mafunzo za [[Osama bin Laden]] nchini [[Sudan]]. Mwaka 2001 alitoa msaada wa kitaalamu katika filamu nne za ''Steps for the Future''. Filamu yake ''The House of Saud'' ilionyeshwa na BBC mwaka 2004 na [[PBS]] mwaka 2005.<ref name="Deffontaines">Thérèse-Marie Deffontaines na Mouna Naïm (19 Septemba 2004). ["L'imbroglio saoudien"] (https://www.lemonde.fr/archives/article/2004/09/19/p-l-imbroglio-saoudien-p_4293379_1819218.html). ''Le Monde'' (kwa Kifaransa). Ilirejeshwa 20 Mei 2018.</ref> Filamu yake ''Behind the Rainbow'' ilionyeshwa katika Tamasha la 53 la Filamu la London la BFI mwaka 2009.<ref name="LFF">["LFF programme"]. ''Screen Daily'', 21 Septemba 2009. Ilirejeshwa 20 Mei 2018.</ref> Mwaka 1998 alishirikiana na mwanahistoria wa Israel [[Ahron Bregman]] kutengeneza ''The Fifty Years War: Israel and the Arabs''.<ref name="Hazan">Pierre Hazan (27 Mei 1998). ["Le conflit israélo-arabe raconté par ceux qui ont fait son histoire"]. ''Le Temps'' (kwa Kifaransa).</ref> == Filamu za hali halisi == * ''The Koran and the Kalashnikov'' (2000) * ''L'Afrique en morceaux'' (2000)<ref name="Zegna">Olivier Zegna-Rata (23 Februari 2001). ["L'Afrique en morceaux : une leçon d'histoire immédiate"]. ''Afrik'' (kwa Kifaransa).</ref> * ''The Price of Aid/Les maux de la faim'' (2003) * ''The House of Saud'' (2004) * ''Cuba, an African Odyssey'' (2007) * ''Behind the Rainbow'' (2009) * ''Egypt's Modern Pharaohs'' (2015)<ref name="ElTahri">Jihan El-Tahri (2015). ["Egypt's Modern Pharaohs"]. Ilirejeshwa 17 Julai 2015.</ref> == Vitabu == * ''Les Sept Vies de Yasser Arafat'', pamoja na Christophe Boltanski (Paris, 1997).<ref name="Dumas">Marie-Lucy Dumas. ''Politique étrangère'', 62.2 (1997), uk. 401.</ref> == Tuzo na utambuzi == Mwaka 2025, El-Tahri aliteuliwa kuwa mjumbe wa jopo la majaji katika Tamasha la 78 la Filamu la Locarno, kwa mashindano ya filamu fupi ya Pardi di Domani.<ref name="Szalai">Georg Szalai (15 Julai 2025). ["Locarno Film Festival Adds Carlos Reygadas, Joslyn Barnes to Rithy Panh-Led Main Jury"]. ''The Hollywood Reporter''. Ilirejeshwa 15 Julai 2025.</ref> ==Marejeo== <references/> [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Misri]] q5wfqbpfsa8mj3deltseseox2l8vz2w 0 248160 1593630 2026-08-31T08:38:07Z Jonny Frosty 49734 Jonny Frosty moved page [[Harald V wa Norwei]] to [[Harald V]] over redirect: Misspelled title 1593630 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Harald V]] fjqa02ytc6z406xm1af4plgodwd3xqk 0 248161 1593631 2026-08-31T08:42:38Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1593631 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Johann Lounès Soufi''' (alizaliwa [[10 Julai]] [[1982]]) ni [[mwanasheria]] wa kimataifa mwenye [[uraia]] wa [[Ufaransa]] na [[Algeria]], anayebobea katika [[sheria]] ya kimataifa ya jinai. Ameshiriki katika [[mahakama]] mbalimbali za kimataifa na vyombo vya [[uchunguzi]] vya Umoja wa Mataifa, akifanya kazi kwenye kesi zinazohusiana na uhalifu wa kivita, uhalifu dhidi ya ubinadamu, [[mauaji ya kimbari]] na ukiukaji mwingine wa [[haki za binadamu]] za kimataifa. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Johann Soufi alizaliwa [[Chartres]], Ufaransa, akiwa [[mtoto]] wa [[mama]] Mfaransa, Marie-Claude Leborgne, na [[baba]] mwenye asili ya Kabyle wa [[Algeria]], Cherif Soufi. Alikulia katika vitongoji vya [[Paris]], huko Val-d'Oise. Ana uraia wa Ufaransa na Algeria. Soufi alikamilisha masomo yake ya [[sheria]] katika [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha Cergy-Pontoise (sasa kinaitwa CY Cergy Paris Université) na kupata [[shahada]] ya [[uzamili]] kutoka Université Paris-Sud (sasa Paris-Saclay). Pia alifaulu [[mtihani]] wa uwakili na kuhudhuria Shule ya Uwakili ya Versailles. Kwa sasa anaendelea na masomo ya Shahada ya [[Uzamivu]] (PhD) katika Chuo Kikuu cha Paris II Panthéon-Assas na Chuo Kikuu cha Laval huko Quebec, [[Kanada]]. == Kazi ya kisheria == Soufi mwanzoni alifanya kazi kama wakili wa utetezi wa makosa ya jinai nchini Ufaransa kabla ya kuelekea katika [[taaluma]] ya sheria ya kimataifa ya jinai. Aliruhusiwa kufanya kazi za uwakili katika mahakama kadhaa za kimataifa, ikiwemo [[Mahakama ya Kimataifa ya Jinai]] (ICC). == Shughuli za umma == [[Mwaka]] [[2018]], Soufi alikuwa mmoja wa waanzilishi wa Taasisi ya Mafunzo ya Sheria na Utetezi (IILAT), iliyoko The Hague, ambapo anahudumu kama [[Mkurugenzi]] wa Mikakati. IILAT hutoa mafunzo ya utetezi na msaada wa kujenga uwezo kwa wataalamu wa sheria na haki za binadamu.<ref>https://www.lemonde.fr/m-le-mag/article/2023/10/26/johann-soufi-une-voix-pour-gaza_6196646_4500055.html</ref><ref>https://www.afri-ct.org/author/johannsoufi/</ref><ref>https://u-paris2.academia.edu/JohannSoufi</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1982]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Algeria]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-mtu}} ngjo06bvt78s6fdt9cg5p6l3v8syqw3 0 248162 1593632 2026-08-31T08:47:18Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Caleigh Crow''' ni [[mwandishi]] wa tamthilia na [[mwigizaji]] wa Wamétis kutoka [[Calgary]], [[Alberta]], nchini [[Kanada]].<ref>[https://www.cbc.ca/books/there-is-violence-and-there-is-righteous-violence-and-there-is-death-or-the-born-again-crow-by-caleigh-crow-1.7347459 "There Is Violence and There Is Righteous Violence and There Is Death, or the Born-Again Crow by Caleigh Crow"]. [[CBC Books]], November 6, 2024.</ref><ref>[https://www.thesudburysta...' 1593632 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Caleigh Crow''' ni [[mwandishi]] wa tamthilia na [[mwigizaji]] wa Wamétis kutoka [[Calgary]], [[Alberta]], nchini [[Kanada]].<ref>[https://www.cbc.ca/books/there-is-violence-and-there-is-righteous-violence-and-there-is-death-or-the-born-again-crow-by-caleigh-crow-1.7347459 "There Is Violence and There Is Righteous Violence and There Is Death, or the Born-Again Crow by Caleigh Crow"]. [[CBC Books]], November 6, 2024.</ref><ref>[https://www.thesudburystar.com/entertainment/quiet-im-talking-kicks-off-new-stc-season "Quiet! I’m Talking kicks off new STC season"]. ''[[Sudbury Star]]'', September 26, 2021.</ref><ref name=tucker>Amy Tucker, "Feeling limited by appearance-based casting, Métis siblings create their own company". ''[[Toronto Star]]'', February 24, 2019.</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-igiza-filamu}} {{BD||}} [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kanada]] 8cb6l5p46cre8g35bijr1onto9cc97s 1593633 1593632 2026-08-31T08:51:14Z Christina Charles 71406 1593633 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Caleigh Crow''' ni [[mwandishi]] wa tamthilia na [[mwigizaji]] wa Wamétis kutoka [[Calgary]], [[Alberta]], nchini [[Kanada]].<ref>[https://www.cbc.ca/books/there-is-violence-and-there-is-righteous-violence-and-there-is-death-or-the-born-again-crow-by-caleigh-crow-1.7347459 "There Is Violence and There Is Righteous Violence and There Is Death, or the Born-Again Crow by Caleigh Crow"]. [[CBC Books]], November 6, 2024.</ref><ref>[https://www.thesudburystar.com/entertainment/quiet-im-talking-kicks-off-new-stc-season "Quiet! I’m Talking kicks off new STC season"]. ''[[Sudbury Star]]'', September 26, 2021.</ref><ref name=tucker>Amy Tucker, "Feeling limited by appearance-based casting, Métis siblings create their own company". ''[[Toronto Star]]'', February 24, 2019.</ref><ref>Cassandra Drudi, [https://quillandquire.com/omni/finalists-announced-for-2024-indigenous-voices-awards/ "Finalists announced for 2024 Indigenous Voices Awards"]. ''[[Quill & Quire]]'', May 7, 2024.</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-igiza-filamu}} {{BD||}} [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kanada]] 52bnkzdym8yntjqouboe5corduvgaxb 1593634 1593633 2026-08-31T08:58:56Z Hussein m mmbaga 52054 1593634 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Caleigh Crow''' ni [[mwandishi]] wa tamthilia na [[mwigizaji]] mwenye asili ya Wamétis kutoka [[Calgary]], [[Alberta]], nchini [[Kanada]].<ref>[https://www.cbc.ca/books/there-is-violence-and-there-is-righteous-violence-and-there-is-death-or-the-born-again-crow-by-caleigh-crow-1.7347459 "There Is Violence and There Is Righteous Violence and There Is Death, or the Born-Again Crow by Caleigh Crow"]. [[CBC Books]], November 6, 2024.</ref><ref>[https://www.thesudburystar.com/entertainment/quiet-im-talking-kicks-off-new-stc-season "Quiet! I’m Talking kicks off new STC season"]. ''[[Sudbury Star]]'', September 26, 2021.</ref><ref name="tucker">Amy Tucker, "Feeling limited by appearance-based casting, Métis siblings create their own company". ''[[Toronto Star]]'', February 24, 2019.</ref><ref>Cassandra Drudi, [https://quillandquire.com/omni/finalists-announced-for-2024-indigenous-voices-awards/ "Finalists announced for 2024 Indigenous Voices Awards"]. ''[[Quill & Quire]]'', May 7, 2024.</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-igiza-filamu}} {{BD||}} [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kanada]] mh7gwqet4u7oc37nwrsl4624nzzf0in 3 248163 1593635 2026-08-31T09:00:47Z Hussein m mmbaga 52054 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Karibu}} ~~~~' 1593635 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Karibu}} '''[[Mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|Hussein m mmbaga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|majadiliano]])''' 09:00, 31 Agosti 2026 (UTC) baejqf1m2ctttl8r9t7p2kdxkwaw605 0 248164 1593638 2026-08-31T09:09:17Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Phyllis Crane''' ([[7 Agosti]] [[1914]] - [[12 Oktoba]] [[1982]]) alikuwa [[mwigizaji]] wa filamu wa [[Marekani]] aliyezaliwa [[Kanada]].<ref>[http://www.allmovie.com/artist/phyllis-crane-p15628 "Phyllis Crane"]. allmovie.com. Retrieved May 27, 2012.</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-igiza-filamu}} {{BD|1914|1982}} [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kanada]]' 1593638 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Phyllis Crane''' ([[7 Agosti]] [[1914]] - [[12 Oktoba]] [[1982]]) alikuwa [[mwigizaji]] wa filamu wa [[Marekani]] aliyezaliwa [[Kanada]].<ref>[http://www.allmovie.com/artist/phyllis-crane-p15628 "Phyllis Crane"]. allmovie.com. Retrieved May 27, 2012.</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-igiza-filamu}} {{BD|1914|1982}} [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kanada]] fhixo37gix3aq9d2ho51dfa4tphh5de 1593640 1593638 2026-08-31T09:28:52Z Hussein m mmbaga 52054 1593640 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Phyllis Crane''' ([[7 Agosti]] [[1914]] - [[12 Oktoba]] [[1982]]) alikuwa [[mwigizaji]] wa filamu wa [[Marekani]] aliyezaliwa nchini [[Kanada]].<ref>[http://www.allmovie.com/artist/phyllis-crane-p15628 "Phyllis Crane"]. allmovie.com. Retrieved May 27, 2012.</ref>Alionekana katika filamu zaidi ya 45 kati ya miaka [[1928]] - [[1937]]. ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-igiza-filamu}} {{BD|1914|1982}} [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kanada]] 2n1xc0tfs6aifaj16z7m7q75jhzl1js 0 248165 1593641 2026-08-31T09:29:17Z Agness Abubakar Saidi 88720 Kurasa mpya 1593641 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmoud Mukhtar''' (kwa Kiarabu: محمود مختار; 10 Mei 1891 – 28 Machi 1934) alikuwa mchongaji wa Misri. Alisoma katika [[Chuo cha Sanaa Nzuri Cairo|Shule ya Sanaa Nzuri ya Misri]] ilipoanzishwa mwaka 1908 na Prince Yusuf Kamal. Alikuwa miongoni mwa waanzilishi wa harakati ya sanaa ya Misri. Licha ya kufariki akiwa bado kijana, alitoa mchango mkubwa katika kuunda sanaa ya kisasa ya Misri na mara nyingi huitwa baba wa uchongaji wa kisasa wa Misri. == Maisha == Mukhtar alizaliwa katika [[Delta ya Nile]], katika kijiji cha Tanbara karibu na [[Mahalla al-Kubra]], ambako baba yake alikuwa ''Omda'' (mkuu wa kijiji). Akiwa mtoto alihamia [[Kairo]] pamoja na mama yake, na mwaka 1908 akajiunga na Shule ya Sanaa Nzuri ya Misri. Mwaka 1912 alijiunga na studio ya [[Jules Coutan]] katika École des Beaux-Arts mjini [[Paris]]. Alibaki Paris wakati wa [[Vita vya Kwanza vya Dunia]] na baadaye akafanya kazi katika [[Musée Grévin]] chini ya Guillaume Laplagne, mwalimu wake wa zamani. Akichochewa na [[Mapinduzi ya Misri ya 1919]], alitengeneza mfano mdogo wa sanamu iitwayo ''Nahdat Misr'' ("Mwamko wa Misri"). Kazi hiyo ilivuta uungwaji mkono wa vijana wa kimapinduzi wa Misri, na kampeni ya kitaifa ya kukusanya fedha ilianzishwa ili kujenga toleo kubwa. Sanamu hiyo ilizinduliwa mwaka 1928 katika Bab al-Hadid Square, karibu na kituo kikuu cha treni cha Kairo, na baadaye ikahamishwa hadi eneo la [[Chuo Kikuu cha Kairo]] mwaka 1955.<ref>[https://mathaf.org.qa/en/encyclopedia/artists-biographies/mahmoud-mokhtar/](https://mathaf.org.qa/en/encyclopedia/artists-biographies/mahmoud-mokhtar/)]</ref> == Mtindo na mada == Uchongaji wa Mukhtar uliunganisha mafunzo ya kitaaluma ya kisasa na mada za Misri pamoja na marejeo ya [[sanaa ya Misri ya kale]]. Malezi yake vijijini katika Delta ya Nile yalihusishwa na kuvutiwa kwake mara kwa mara na wakulima, wanyama na maisha ya vijijini. Katika ''Nahdat Misr'' na ''On the Banks of the Nile'', alitumia taswira ya mwanamke mkulima wa Misri kuwasilisha uzalendo, utambulisho wa Misri na uhusiano kati ya Misri na Mto Nile.<ref>[[https://dafbeirut.org/artists/mahmoud-mokhtar](https://dafbeirut.org/artists/mahmoud-mokhtar)]</ref> == Kazi == Kazi yake maarufu zaidi ni ''Nahdat Misr'', ambayo aliitengeneza kwanza kama mfano mwaka 1920. Toleo kubwa lilizinduliwa Bab el-Hadid Square mwaka 1928 na kuhamishwa hadi Chuo Kikuu cha Kairo mwaka 1955.<ref>[[https://mathaf.org.qa/en/encyclopedia/artists-biographies/mahmoud-mokhtar/](https://mathaf.org.qa/en/encyclopedia/artists-biographies/mahmoud-mokhtar/)]</ref>Kazi nyingine ni ''Khamasin'', inayomwonyesha mwanamke mkulima akitembea katika dhoruba ya mchanga, pamoja na sanamu zenye mada za maisha ya vijijini na uzalendo wa Misri.<ref>[https://www.rem.routledge.com/articles/mokhtar-mahmoud-1891-1934](https://www.rem.routledge.com/articles/mokhtar-mahmoud-1891-1934)]</ref> [[Makumbusho ya Mukhtar]] mjini Kairo huhifadhi kazi zake katika aina mbalimbali za sanaa.<ref>[[http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/5/25/11678/Arts--Culture/Visual-Art/Celebrating-Egyptian-sculptor-Mahmoud-Mokhtar-th-b.aspx](http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/5/25/11678/Arts--Culture/Visual-Art/Celebrating-Egyptian-sculptor-Mahmoud-Mokhtar-th-b.aspx)] </ref>Tarehe 10 Mei 2012, [[Google Doodle]] ilimuenzi katika kumbukumbu ya miaka 121 tangu kuzaliwa kwake.<ref>[[https://doodles.google/doodle/mahmoud-mokhtars-121st-birthday/](https://doodles.google/doodle/mahmoud-mokhtars-121st-birthday/)]</ref> == Marejeo == <references/> 6s62d2xu3ryk85laad8y4106376jb93 1593645 1593641 2026-08-31T09:32:33Z Agness Abubakar Saidi 88720 Nimehariri kurasa 1593645 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmoud Mukhtar''' (kwa Kiarabu: محمود مختار; 10 Mei 1891 – 28 Machi 1934) alikuwa mchongaji wa Misri. Alisoma katika [[Chuo cha Sanaa Nzuri Cairo|Shule ya Sanaa Nzuri ya Misri]] ilipoanzishwa mwaka 1908 na Prince Yusuf Kamal. Alikuwa miongoni mwa waanzilishi wa harakati ya sanaa ya Misri. Licha ya kufariki akiwa bado kijana, alitoa mchango mkubwa katika kuunda sanaa ya kisasa ya Misri na mara nyingi huitwa baba wa uchongaji wa kisasa wa Misri. == Maisha == Mukhtar alizaliwa katika [[Delta ya Nile]], katika kijiji cha Tanbara karibu na [[Mahalla al-Kubra]], ambako baba yake alikuwa ''Omda'' (mkuu wa kijiji). Akiwa mtoto alihamia [[Kairo]] pamoja na mama yake, na mwaka 1908 akajiunga na Shule ya Sanaa Nzuri ya Misri. Mwaka 1912 alijiunga na studio ya [[Jules Coutan]] katika École des Beaux-Arts mjini [[Paris]]. Alibaki Paris wakati wa [[Vita vya Kwanza vya Dunia]] na baadaye akafanya kazi katika [[Musée Grévin]] chini ya Guillaume Laplagne, mwalimu wake wa zamani. Akichochewa na [[Mapinduzi ya Misri ya 1919]], alitengeneza mfano mdogo wa sanamu iitwayo ''Nahdat Misr'' ("Mwamko wa Misri"). Kazi hiyo ilivuta uungwaji mkono wa vijana wa kimapinduzi wa Misri, na kampeni ya kitaifa ya kukusanya fedha ilianzishwa ili kujenga toleo kubwa. Sanamu hiyo ilizinduliwa mwaka 1928 katika Bab al-Hadid Square, karibu na kituo kikuu cha treni cha Kairo, na baadaye ikahamishwa hadi eneo la [[Chuo Kikuu cha Kairo]] mwaka 1955.<ref>[https://mathaf.org.qa/en/encyclopedia/artists-biographies/mahmoud-mokhtar/](https://mathaf.org.qa/en/encyclopedia/artists-biographies/mahmoud-mokhtar/)]</ref> == Mtindo na mada == Uchongaji wa Mukhtar uliunganisha mafunzo ya kitaaluma ya kisasa na mada za Misri pamoja na marejeo ya [[sanaa ya Misri ya kale]]. Malezi yake vijijini katika Delta ya Nile yalihusishwa na kuvutiwa kwake mara kwa mara na wakulima, wanyama na maisha ya vijijini. Katika ''Nahdat Misr'' na ''On the Banks of the Nile'', alitumia taswira ya mwanamke mkulima wa Misri kuwasilisha uzalendo, utambulisho wa Misri na uhusiano kati ya Misri na Mto Nile.<ref>[[https://dafbeirut.org/artists/mahmoud-mokhtar](https://dafbeirut.org/artists/mahmoud-mokhtar)]</ref> == Kazi == Kazi yake maarufu zaidi ni ''Nahdat Misr'', ambayo aliitengeneza kwanza kama mfano mwaka 1920. Toleo kubwa lilizinduliwa Bab el-Hadid Square mwaka 1928 na kuhamishwa hadi Chuo Kikuu cha Kairo mwaka 1955.<ref>[[https://mathaf.org.qa/en/encyclopedia/artists-biographies/mahmoud-mokhtar/](https://mathaf.org.qa/en/encyclopedia/artists-biographies/mahmoud-mokhtar/)]</ref>Kazi nyingine ni ''Khamasin'', inayomwonyesha mwanamke mkulima akitembea katika dhoruba ya mchanga, pamoja na sanamu zenye mada za maisha ya vijijini na uzalendo wa Misri.<ref>[https://www.rem.routledge.com/articles/mokhtar-mahmoud-1891-1934](https://www.rem.routledge.com/articles/mokhtar-mahmoud-1891-1934)]</ref> [[Makumbusho ya Mukhtar]] mjini Kairo huhifadhi kazi zake katika aina mbalimbali za sanaa.<ref>[[http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/5/25/11678/Arts--Culture/Visual-Art/Celebrating-Egyptian-sculptor-Mahmoud-Mokhtar-th-b.aspx](http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/5/25/11678/Arts--Culture/Visual-Art/Celebrating-Egyptian-sculptor-Mahmoud-Mokhtar-th-b.aspx)] </ref>Tarehe 10 Mei 2012, [[Google Doodle]] ilimuenzi katika kumbukumbu ya miaka 121 tangu kuzaliwa kwake.<ref>[[https://doodles.google/doodle/mahmoud-mokhtars-121st-birthday/](https://doodles.google/doodle/mahmoud-mokhtars-121st-birthday/)]</ref> == Marejeo == <references/> [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Misri]] m36vim28aenkr33w1aq7qjtan7c7fo1 0 248166 1593642 2026-08-31T09:30:24Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Eileen Georgina "Georgie" Collins''' ([[12 Juni]], [[1925]] – [[3 Mei]], [[2017]]) alikuwa [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Kanada]] wa filamu, jukwaa na televisheni.<ref>{{cite news|work=Calgary Herald|title=Vertigo's growth is no mystery|date=September 21, 2006|author=Zelinsky, Tonya}}</ref><ref name=McCracken>{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/calgary-herald/189754269/|work=[[Calgary Herald]]|date=November 15, 1982|last=McCracken|first=Rosemary|p...' 1593642 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eileen Georgina "Georgie" Collins''' ([[12 Juni]], [[1925]] – [[3 Mei]], [[2017]]) alikuwa [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Kanada]] wa filamu, jukwaa na televisheni.<ref>{{cite news|work=Calgary Herald|title=Vertigo's growth is no mystery|date=September 21, 2006|author=Zelinsky, Tonya}}</ref><ref name=McCracken>{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/calgary-herald/189754269/|work=[[Calgary Herald]]|date=November 15, 1982|last=McCracken|first=Rosemary|p=A5|title=George Collins: 'Somebody' at last|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-igiza-filamu}} {{BD|1925|2017}} [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kanada]] 0c9zk3zz72df7gevl9eam74skl7kucj 1593646 1593642 2026-08-31T09:42:26Z Hussein m mmbaga 52054 1593646 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eileen Georgina "Georgie" Collins''' ([[12 Juni]], [[1925]] – [[3 Mei]], [[2017]]) alikuwa mwigizaji wa [[filamu]], [[tamthilia]] na [[televisheni]] nchini [[Kanada]].<ref>{{cite news|work=Calgary Herald|title=Vertigo's growth is no mystery|date=September 21, 2006|author=Zelinsky, Tonya}}</ref><ref name=McCracken>{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/calgary-herald/189754269/|work=[[Calgary Herald]]|date=November 15, 1982|last=McCracken|first=Rosemary|p=A5|title=George Collins: 'Somebody' at last|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> Collins anajulikana kwa uhusika wake katika filamu ya Ghostkeeper ya mwaka 1981,The Visitor (1974),Housekeeping (1988),Rad (1986) na katika mfululizo wa televisheni wa Lonesome Dove. Mbali na kufanya kazi katika filamu na televisheni Collins alikuwa na kazi ya muda mrefu kwenye ukumbi wa michezo wa Calgary akifanya kazi kama mkurugenzi na mwigizaji. Alitumikia kama mkurugenzi wa Jumba la maonyesho la Pleiades tangu [[1976]] hadi [[1990]]. ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-igiza-filamu}} {{BD|1925|2017}} [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kanada]] bwjo4zh5fgjokf08ibheu2sjvpfx7p7 0 248167 1593644 2026-08-31T09:32:00Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1593644 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ibrahim Yousri Hussein Abd al-Rahman''' ([[1930]] - [[10 Juni]] [[2019]]) alikuwa [[mwanadiplomasia]], [[mwanasheria]] wa kimataifa na [[mwanaharakati]] wa kisiasa wa [[Misri]]. Alihudumu kama [[Naibu Waziri]] wa Mambo ya Nje anayeshughulikia [[Sheria]] za Kimataifa na Mikataba, na alihitimisha kazi yake ya kidiplomasia akiwa [[Balozi]] wa Misri nchini [[Algeria]] hadi alipostaafu [[mwaka]] [[1995]]. Baada ya kustaafu katika huduma ya kidiplomasia, Yousri alijulikana sana kwa harakati zake za kisheria, hasa [[kampeni]] yake ya kupinga makubaliano ya kuuza nje [[gesi asilia]] ya Misri kwenda [[Israel]], ambayo alidai kuwa yalikuwa kinyume cha [[katiba]] na yenye madhara kiuchumi kwa Misri. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Ibrahim Yousri Hussein Abd al-Rahman alizaliwa mwaka 1930 katika kijiji cha Salamoun, [[Wilaya]] ya Hihya, [[Mkoa]] wa Sharqia, katika [[eneo]] la Delta ya [[Mto Nile]] nchini Misri. [[Baba]] yake alikuwa msomi wa Al-Azhar. Baada ya kifo cha baba yake, Yousri alirithi [[ardhi]] katika wilaya yake ya asili, lakini aliamua kutoa sehemu kubwa ya ardhi hiyo kwa ajili ya kuanzisha taasisi mbili za elimu. Alihifadhi sehemu ndogo tu kwa ajili ya kugharamia [[elimu]] yake na mahitaji ya kielimu ya [[familia]] yake. Yousri alisoma uhakiki wa sanaa katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha California]], Berkeley, ambako alipendezwa na [[muziki]] wa kitamaduni wa Hindustani na kujifunza lugha ya Hindustani. == Kazi == ==== Mtumishi wa umma ==== Yousri alianza [[kazi]] yake ya kidiplomasia [[mwaka]] [[1963]] akiwa Katibu wa Pili katika Ubalozi wa Misri nchini [[Iraq]]. Kipindi cha utumishi wake nchini Iraq kiliambatana na mapinduzi ya kijeshi ya Ba'athist yaliyofanyika mwaka huo na kuiondoa [[serikali]] ya Abd al-Karim Qasim madarakani. [[Rais]] [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]] alitoa maelekezo maalumu yaliyowaruhusu wanadiplomasia waliokumbana na mazingira magumu wakati wa kipindi cha [[utawala]] wa kikomunisti kuhamishiwa katika balozi nyingine za Misri au kulipwa fidia kwa gharama walizotumia wakati wa utumishi wao. == Maisha binafsi == Yousri alikuwa na [[watoto]] wanne, alikuwa na watoto wanne mabinti watatu na mmoja wa kiume. Mmoja wa [[binti]] zake, Mona Yousri Hussein, alikuja kuwa mtaalamu wa [[saikolojia]] ya watoto, akibobea katika [[afya ya akili]] ya watoto. Mwaka [[2012]], Kituo cha Mafunzo ya [[Uongozi]] na Usimamizi wa Biashara mjini [[Cairo]] kilimtunuku Yousri heshima, kikimtambua rasmi kama “shujaa wa vita vya kusitisha usafirishaji wa gesi kwenda Israel.” Yousri alifariki mjini Cairo tarehe 10 Juni 2019, baada ya kuugua kwa muda mrefu, akiwa na umri wa takribani [[miaka]] 88.<ref>https://www.islamweb.net/en/article/147504/egypt-court-freezes-israel-gas-deal</ref><ref>https://www.almasryalyoum.com/news/details/195847</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1930]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2019]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Misri]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Misri]] <references />{{Mbegu-mtu}} eoysz9x2t4mu4sn2ac33undw6jibr92 0 248168 1593647 2026-08-31T09:43:02Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Yvonne Chapman''' ([[7 Oktoba]], [[1988]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] na [[mwanamitindo]] wa [[Kanada]], anayejulikana kwa nafasi yake ya mhusika mwovu Zhilan Zhang katika kipindi cha televisheni cha ''Kung Fu (2021 TV series)'' (2021–2023) cha The CW, na Lt. Col. Jessalyn Helmsworth katika ''Armorsaurs'' (2025–sasa).<ref name=2019Interview>{{cite web |title=Yvonne Chapman Stars In Street Legal And Is All Calgary Can Talk About |url=https://www.imherewithmag....' 1593647 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yvonne Chapman''' ([[7 Oktoba]], [[1988]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] na [[mwanamitindo]] wa [[Kanada]], anayejulikana kwa nafasi yake ya mhusika mwovu Zhilan Zhang katika kipindi cha televisheni cha ''Kung Fu (2021 TV series)'' (2021–2023) cha The CW, na Lt. Col. Jessalyn Helmsworth katika ''Armorsaurs'' (2025–sasa).<ref name=2019Interview>{{cite web |title=Yvonne Chapman Stars In Street Legal And Is All Calgary Can Talk About |url=https://www.imherewithmag.com/post/yvonne-chapman-stars-in-street-legal-and-is-all-calgary-can-talk-about |website=I'm Here With Magazine |access-date=28 May 2022 |date=March 25, 2019 |archive-date=27 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211127104916/https://www.imherewithmag.com/post/yvonne-chapman-stars-in-street-legal-and-is-all-calgary-can-talk-about |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Oriental Daily Article |url=https://orientaldaily.on.cc/archive/20070121/ent/ent_a52cnt.html |website=Oriental Daily |access-date=18 September 2025}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-igiza-filamu}} {{BD|1988|}} [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kanada]] 8hgrfic50n0sxyry3ucs9roro692gt0 3 248169 1593649 2026-08-31T09:48:17Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1593649 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 31 Agosti 2026 (UTC) 60mri3ish4ujhxaahjy4k7jbbfqe18z 3 248170 1593650 2026-08-31T09:48:27Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1593650 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 31 Agosti 2026 (UTC) 60mri3ish4ujhxaahjy4k7jbbfqe18z 3 248171 1593651 2026-08-31T09:48:37Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1593651 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 31 Agosti 2026 (UTC) 60mri3ish4ujhxaahjy4k7jbbfqe18z 3 248172 1593652 2026-08-31T09:48:47Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1593652 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 31 Agosti 2026 (UTC) 60mri3ish4ujhxaahjy4k7jbbfqe18z 3 248173 1593653 2026-08-31T09:48:57Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1593653 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 31 Agosti 2026 (UTC) 60mri3ish4ujhxaahjy4k7jbbfqe18z 3 248174 1593654 2026-08-31T09:49:07Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1593654 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 31 Agosti 2026 (UTC) tp02exmil5by2kmi1gdlt3dpesesc6j 3 248175 1593655 2026-08-31T09:49:17Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1593655 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 31 Agosti 2026 (UTC) tp02exmil5by2kmi1gdlt3dpesesc6j 3 248176 1593656 2026-08-31T09:49:27Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1593656 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 31 Agosti 2026 (UTC) tp02exmil5by2kmi1gdlt3dpesesc6j 3 248177 1593657 2026-08-31T09:49:37Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1593657 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 31 Agosti 2026 (UTC) tp02exmil5by2kmi1gdlt3dpesesc6j 0 248178 1593658 2026-08-31T09:49:39Z Agness Abubakar Saidi 88720 Kurasa mpya 1593658 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Isaac Fanous''' (Kikopti: ⲓⲥⲁⲁⲕ ⲫⲁⲛⲟⲩⲥ; 19 Desemba 1919 – 15 Januari 2007) alikuwa Mkoptiki wa Misri, mchora ikoni, msomi na mwanatheolojia. Anajulikana kwa kuanzisha mtindo maarufu wa sanaa ya kisasa ya Kikopti unaoitwa "Neo-Kikopti", na hutambuliwa kama baba wa uchoraji wa ikoni za kisasa za Kikopti.<ref>[[http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2007/829/cu2.htm](http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2007/829/cu2.htm) AlAhram weekly article on Isaac Fanous] </ref> == Maisha na masomo == Fanous alizaliwa [[Al-Minya]] na baadaye akahamia [[Kairo]], ambako alipata shahada katika Kitivo cha Sanaa za Matumizi mwaka 1941 na diploma ya ualimu mwaka 1943. Mwaka 1954 alikuwa miongoni mwa wanafunzi wa kwanza wa [[Taasisi ya Mafunzo ya Kikopti]], na mwaka 1958 alipata shahada ya udaktari. Alisoma kwa miaka miwili katika [[Louvre]] nchini Ufaransa katikati ya miaka ya 1960, ambako alijifunza uchoraji wa ikoni chini ya [[Léonid Ouspensky]]. Mafunzo hayo yalikuwa muhimu katika maendeleo yake kama msanii na mwanatheolojia na katika kuunda mtindo mpya wa ikoni za Kikopti. Fanous aliongoza idara ya Sanaa ya Kikopti katika Taasisi ya Mafunzo ya Kikopti mjini Kairo na kuwafundisha wasanii kadhaa wa Kikopti kutoka nje ya Misri. == Sanaa ya kisasa ya Kikopti == Baada ya [[Mapinduzi ya Misri ya 1952]], kupungua kwa wafadhili binafsi katika ulimwengu wa sanaa ya Misri kulifanya ufadhili wa serikali kuwa muhimu zaidi. Kipindi hicho kilimfanya Fanous azidi kuthamini urithi wake wa Misri, hasa historia ya Al-Minya tangu enzi ya [[Akhenaten]]. Kabla yake, Kanisa la [[Kanisa la Kiorthodoksi la Kikopti la Aleksandria|Kiorthodoksi la Kikopti]]<ref>[[http://www.copts-united.com/wrr/go1.php?subaction=showfull&id=1169064300&archive=&start_from=&ucat=79](http://www.copts-united.com/wrr/go1.php?subaction=showfull&id=1169064300&archive=&start_from=&ucat=79)& Copts United article in Arabic by Shafik Botrous]</ref> lilikuwa na mtindo wake wa jadi wa ikoni. Hata hivyo, ushawishi wa sanaa ya Ulaya katika karne ya 19 ulifanya baadhi ya makanisa ya Misri kutumia ikoni zilizofanana na sanaa ya Kikristo ya Magharibi. Mtindo wa Fanous uliibuka wakati wa ufufuo wa utamaduni wa Kikopti katika kipindi cha uongozi wa [[Papa Cyril VI wa Aleksandria|Papa Cyril VI]] (1959–1971). Alitumia misingi ya sanaa ya kale ya Kikopti, ikiwa ni pamoja na kazi za [[Yuhanna al-Armani]], pamoja na baadhi ya ushawishi wa sanaa ya Kiprotestanti ya Magharibi. Hatimaye aliunda mtindo wenye [[ulinganifu]] mkubwa, urahisishaji na sifa za kipekee za sanaa ya Kikopti. Mtindo huu ulijulikana kama "Mtindo wa Kisasa wa Kikopti" au "Neo-Kikopti". Fanous hutambuliwa kama mwanzilishi wa ufufuo wa kisasa wa sanaa ya Kikopti. Alipaka picha na kuchora ikoni zote katika [[Kanisa la Mtakatifu Takla Haymanot]] mjini [[Aleksandria]], lililowekwa wakfu mwaka 1969. Mwaka 1977–1978 alikaa miezi sita nchini Uingereza akichora ikoni katika Kanisa la Kiorthodoksi la Kikopti la Mtakatifu Marko, Kensington, [[London]]. == Tuzo == * Medali ya dhahabu kutoka Taasisi ya Mafunzo ya Mashariki, Venice, 1987. * Shahada ya heshima kutoka kwa [[Papa Shenouda III wa Aleksandria]], Kairo, 1984. == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Misri]] [[Jamii:Wakopti]] e0inlqrbfppvrc4udct5v9qoenaugpt 3 248179 1593659 2026-08-31T09:49:47Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1593659 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 31 Agosti 2026 (UTC) tp02exmil5by2kmi1gdlt3dpesesc6j 3 248180 1593660 2026-08-31T09:49:57Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1593660 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 31 Agosti 2026 (UTC) tp02exmil5by2kmi1gdlt3dpesesc6j 3 248181 1593661 2026-08-31T09:50:07Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1593661 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 31 Agosti 2026 (UTC) dsxtu4807yk5bq41cqxlozit84p1vts 3 248182 1593662 2026-08-31T09:50:17Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1593662 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 31 Agosti 2026 (UTC) dsxtu4807yk5bq41cqxlozit84p1vts 3 248183 1593663 2026-08-31T09:50:27Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1593663 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 31 Agosti 2026 (UTC) dsxtu4807yk5bq41cqxlozit84p1vts 3 248184 1593664 2026-08-31T09:50:37Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1593664 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 31 Agosti 2026 (UTC) dsxtu4807yk5bq41cqxlozit84p1vts 3 248185 1593665 2026-08-31T09:50:47Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1593665 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 31 Agosti 2026 (UTC) dsxtu4807yk5bq41cqxlozit84p1vts 0 248186 1593666 2026-08-31T09:55:30Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1593666 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joash Ojo Amupitan''' (alizaliwa [[25 Aprili]] [[1967]]) ni [[profesa]] wa [[sheria]] wa [[Nigeria]] anayehudumu kama [[Mwenyekiti]] wa Tume Huru ya Taifa ya [[Uchaguzi]] (INEC), akimrithi Mahmood Yakubu. Alipendekezwa kwa nafasi hiyo na [[Rais]] Bola Tinubu tarehe [[9 Oktoba]] [[2025]], na kuthibitishwa na Seneti ya Nigeria tarehe 16 Oktoba 2025. [[Mwaka]] [[2014]], aliteuliwa kuwa [[Mwanasheria]] Mwandamizi wa Nigeria. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Amupitan alizaliwa tarehe 25 Aprili 1967 katika [[familia]] ya Amupitan huko Ayetoro Gbede, Ijumu, [[Jimbo la Kogi]], Nigeria. [[Mama]] yake, Alice Ajigba Amupitan, alikuwa [[mwalimu]] na kiongozi wa [[kanisa]] katika Jimbo la Kogi. Alisoma katika Kwara State Polytechnic, Ilorin, ambako alipata [[Stashahada]] ya Taifa mwaka [[1984]]. Baadaye alijiunga na [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha Jos, ambako alipata [[Shahada]] ya Sheria (LL.B.). Aliingizwa rasmi katika Chama cha Mawakili wa Nigeria mwaka 1988. Baadaye alipata Shahada ya [[Uzamili]] (M.Sc.) na Shahada ya Uzamivu (PhD) katika sheria kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Jos mwaka [[2007]]. == Maisha binafsi == Amupitan amemuoa Yemisi Amupitan, na wana [[watoto]] wanne.<ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2025/10/10-things-to-know-about-prof-amupitan-new-inec-chairman/</ref><ref>https://www.thecable.ng/breaking-senate-confirms-joash-amupitan-as-inec-chairman/</ref><ref>https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/ce329w0wez4o</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1967]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Maprofesa]] <references />{{Mbegu-mtu}} h26ibcmm7j235ahjt2ntmave8z82unc 0 248187 1593668 2026-08-31T10:03:41Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Amanda Jeannette Bridel''' ([[26 Machi]], [[1994]]), anayejulikana kama '''AJ Bridel''', ni [[mwigizaji]] na [[mwimbaji]] wa [[Kanada]]. Alipata umaarufu kwa mara ya kwanza kama mshiriki aliyefika fainali katika kipindi cha ''Over the Rainbow'', ambapo alimaliza katika nafasi ya tatu.<ref name="thestar.com">{{cite web |last1=Ouzounian |first1=Richard |title=Over the Rainbow: Danielle Wade is Dorothy |url=https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/television/...' 1593668 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Amanda Jeannette Bridel''' ([[26 Machi]], [[1994]]), anayejulikana kama '''AJ Bridel''', ni [[mwigizaji]] na [[mwimbaji]] wa [[Kanada]]. Alipata umaarufu kwa mara ya kwanza kama mshiriki aliyefika fainali katika kipindi cha ''Over the Rainbow'', ambapo alimaliza katika nafasi ya tatu.<ref name="thestar.com">{{cite web |last1=Ouzounian |first1=Richard |title=Over the Rainbow: Danielle Wade is Dorothy |url=https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/television/2012/11/05/over_the_rainbow_danielle_wade_is_dorothy.html |website=Toronto Star |access-date=5 February 2023 |date=5 November 2012}}</ref><ref name="awn.com">{{Cite web |title=New ‘My Little Pony: Tell Your Tale’ Series to Debut on YouTube |url=https://www.awn.com/news/new-my-little-pony-tell-your-tale-series-debut-youtube |access-date=2022-05-17 |website=Animation World Network |language=en}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-igiza-filamu}} {{BD|1994|}} [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Waimbaji wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kanada]] bu17kr0b2oazb5f8w1yqkzbkftu4mmc 0 248188 1593669 2026-08-31T10:10:08Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jill Belland''' ni [[mtangazaji]] wa televisheni na [[mfanyabiashara]] wa [[Kanada]]. Yeye ni mmoja wa wamiliki wa Barre Belle huko Calgary, ambapo hutoa mafunzo ya dansi na mazoezi ya mwili. Hapo awali alikuwa mtangazaji na mtayarishaji wa televisheni katika CKAL-DT|Citytv Calgary, ambapo alikuwa "On Location Host" wa kipindi cha ''Breakfast Television''.<ref name="webwire1">{{cite news|url=https://www.webwire.com/ViewPressRel.asp?aId=11843|title=CHUM...' 1593669 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jill Belland''' ni [[mtangazaji]] wa televisheni na [[mfanyabiashara]] wa [[Kanada]]. Yeye ni mmoja wa wamiliki wa Barre Belle huko Calgary, ambapo hutoa mafunzo ya dansi na mazoezi ya mwili. Hapo awali alikuwa mtangazaji na mtayarishaji wa televisheni katika CKAL-DT|Citytv Calgary, ambapo alikuwa "On Location Host" wa kipindi cha ''Breakfast Television''.<ref name="webwire1">{{cite news|url=https://www.webwire.com/ViewPressRel.asp?aId=11843|title=CHUM Television Picks Up 22 Alberta Film and Television Award Nominations|date=2006-03-29|work=WebWire.com|publisher=[[CHUM Limited]] press release|accessdate=2008-08-06}}</ref><ref name=avenuemag1>{{cite web | first=Jennifer | year=2011 | last=Hamilton | url = http://www.avenuecalgary.com/City-Life/Top-40-Under-40/Jill-Belland/ | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140626073329/http://www.avenuecalgary.com/City-Life/Top-40-Under-40/Jill-Belland/ | archivedate=June 26, 2014 | title = Jill Belland, 32: Location Host And Producer Citytv's Breakfast Television | work = Avenue Magazine | publisher = Redpoint Media Group | accessdate = 2012-01-18 }}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD||}} [[Jamii:Watangazaji wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kanada]] soph4tqdfyw6pxf07jfp2vb7eklu86k 0 248189 1593670 2026-08-31T11:05:32Z Castro255 89781 kuanzisha makala 1593670 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adil Ali Mohamed Bourabaa''' alizaliwa tarehe 9 Machi 2005 nchini [[Ufaransa]]. Yeye ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[soka]] wa kulipwa ambaye anacheza katika nafasi ya kiungo. Kwa sasa anaitumikia klabu ya Le Mans, inayoshiriki katika Ligue 1, moja ya ligi kuu za soka nchini Ufaransa. Bourabaa alianza safari yake ya kisoka akiwa kijana, akijenga uwezo wake kupitia mfumo wa soka la vijana nchini Ufaransa. Akiwa kiungo, jukumu lake kubwa ni kusaidia timu katika kuunganisha safu ya ulinzi na ushambuliaji. Wachezaji wa nafasi hii huhitajika kuwa na uwezo mzuri wa kupiga pasi, kudhibiti mpira, kusoma mchezo na kusaidia timu katika kujenga mashambulizi. Licha ya kuzaliwa nchini Ufaransa, Bourabaa ana asili ya [[Algeria]], jambo lililomuwezesha kuwa sehemu ya mfumo wa timu za taifa za vijana wa Algeria. Amewahi kuiwakilisha Algeria katika ngazi za vijana, akipewa nafasi ya kuendeleza kipaji chake na kujifunza kupitia mashindano ya kimataifa. Kucheza katika mazingira ya soka la Ufaransa kumempa Bourabaa fursa ya kupata uzoefu wa kiwango cha juu na kukutana na wachezaji wenye vipaji mbalimbali. Akiwa bado katika hatua za mwanzo za maisha yake ya soka, ana nafasi ya kuendelea kuboresha uwezo wake na kujenga jina katika soka la kulipwa. Kwa ujumla, Adil Ali Mohamed Bourabaa ni kiungo kijana mwenye uraia wa kuzaliwa nchini Ufaransa na anayewakilisha Algeria katika soka la vijana. Maendeleo yake yanafuatiliwa kutokana na umri wake mdogo na nafasi anayocheza, huku akiwa na uwezekano wa kuendelea kupanda katika viwango vya soka la ushindani katika miaka ijayo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=France : Adil Bourabaa et Le Mens rejoignent l'élite !|url=https://www.dzfoot.com/verts-deurope/france-adil-bourabaa-et-le-mens-rejoignent-lelite-294205.html|work=Football Algérien - DZFOOT.COM|date=2026-05-14|accessdate=2026-08-31|language=fr-FR|author=Akram D}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Le Mans : Adil Bourabaa, l'ascension qui ne passe pas inaperçue|url=https://lagazettedufennec.com/le-mans-adil-bourabaa-lascension-qui-ne-passe-pas-inapercue/|work=La Gazette du Fennec|date=2026-04-27|accessdate=2026-08-31|language=fr-FR|author=Abdou Djeddaoui}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2005]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Algeria]] dxit6iuak4ej7gok22rtde1fkpvyt9v 0 248190 1593672 2026-08-31T11:34:22Z Castro255 89781 kuanzisha makala 1593672 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abdeslam Bousri''' alizaliwa tarehe 28 Januari 1953 nchini eee. Yeye ni mwanasoka wa zamani wa Algeria ambaye alicheza katika nafasi ya mshambuliaji. Bousri alikuwa miongoni mwa [[Mchezaji|wachezaji]] waliowahi kuiwakilisha Timu ya Taifa ya [[Aljeria|Algeria]], akishiriki katika soka la kimataifa wakati wa kipindi chake cha uchezaji. Katika uwanja wa mpira, Bousri alicheza kama mshambuliaji, nafasi ambayo inahitaji uwezo mkubwa wa kufunga mabao, kufanya harakati nzuri mbele ya lango, kutumia nafasi zinazopatikana na kushirikiana na wachezaji wengine katika kujenga mashambulizi. Kama mshambuliaji, alihusika zaidi katika kuhakikisha timu yake inapata mabao na kuongeza nafasi za ushindi katika michezo mbalimbali.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ligue 1 (mise à jour) : USMA-MCA, chaud derby au 5 Juillet {{!}} Radio Algérienne|url=https://radioalgerie.dz/news/fr/article/20151221/62155.html|work=radioalgerie.dz|accessdate=2026-08-31|language=fr}}</ref> Bousri alitumia sehemu muhimu ya maisha yake ya soka akichezea MC Alger, moja ya klabu zinazojulikana nchini Algeria. MC Alger imekuwa na historia ndefu katika soka la Algeria na imewahi kuwa na wachezaji wengi waliokuwa na mchango mkubwa katika maendeleo ya klabu na soka la nchi hiyo. Bousri alikuwa sehemu ya kizazi cha wachezaji waliowahi kuitumikia klabu hiyo katika kipindi cha uchezaji wake. Uwezo wake katika nafasi ya ushambuliaji ulimsaidia kupata nafasi ya kuwakilisha Algeria katika kiwango cha kimataifa. Kuichezea timu ya taifa ni hatua muhimu kwa mchezaji yeyote kwa sababu humuwezesha kushindana dhidi ya wachezaji kutoka mataifa mbalimbali na kuiwakilisha nchi yake katika mashindano na mechi za kimataifa. Ingawa taarifa kuhusu idadi kamili ya mabao na mechi zake zote za kimataifa hazijaainishwa katika maelezo haya, historia yake kama mchezaji wa timu ya taifa na mshambuliaji wa MC Alger inaonyesha kuwa alikuwa sehemu ya historia ya soka la Algeria. Baada ya kumaliza maisha yake ya kucheza soka, Abdeslam Bousri alibaki akitambulika kama mmoja wa wachezaji wa zamani waliowahi kuiwakilisha Algeria na kucheza katika klabu ya MC Alger. Kumbukumbu yake inaendelea kuhusishwa na kipindi cha soka la Algeria ambacho alishiriki kama mshambuliaji. Kwa ujumla, Abdeslam Bousri ni mwanasoka wa zamani wa Algeria aliyezaliwa mwaka 1953, aliyekuwa akicheza nafasi ya mshambuliaji na ambaye aliwakilisha Timu ya Taifa ya Algeria katika soka la kimataifa. Pia alichezea MC Alger, klabu ambayo ilikuwa sehemu muhimu ya maisha yake ya kisoka. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1953]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Algeria]] 185gizytj5mznb9w4x9ikd7xh4zam2f 0 248191 1593673 2026-08-31T11:36:42Z Milenica223 92068 Created by translating the page "[[:sr:Special:Redirect/revision/31119030|Урош Медић]]" 1593673 wikitext text/x-wiki <!-- Jina la makala linalopendekezwa: Uroš Medić --><!-- Ni vyema kuanza kwa kuchapisha makala hii katika ukurasa wa majaribio wa mtumiaji. -->'''Uroš Medić''' ([[Kiserbia]] kwa alfabeti ya Kisiriliki: '''Урош Медић'''; alizaliwa 25 Aprili 1993) ni mpiganaji wa [[Serbia]] wa [[sanaa mseto za mapigano]] (MMA). Anashindana katika uzani wa welter wa shirika la [[Ultimate Fighting Championship]] (UFC). Anajulikana pia kwa jina la utani ''The Doctor''.<ref name="ufc">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ufc.com/athlete/uros-medic|title=Uroš Medić|website=UFC|access-date=31 Agosti 2026|language=en}}</ref> == Maisha ya awali == Medić alizaliwa mjini [[Novi Sad]] na alikulia Budisava, karibu na mji huo. Alianza kujifunza [[judo]] akiwa na umri wa miaka minne na baadaye akafanya mazoezi ya kickboxing katika Fight Club Novi Sad. Alisomea michezo na elimu ya viungo kabla ya kwenda Marekani mwaka 2015 kupitia programu ya kazi na kusafiri. Aliishi [[Anchorage]], Alaska, ambako alifanya mazoezi na pia akafanya kazi kama mkufunzi katika Anchorage Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.b92.net/o/sport/vas_komentar?nav_id=1711321|title=Medić za B92.net: Rođen u Srbiji, trenira u Americi i sprema se za UFC|website=B92|date=27 Julai 2020|access-date=31 Agosti 2026|language=sr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sportklub.n1info.rs/sk-fight/a338460-andquotnasandquot-covek-pred-vratima-ufc-prica-za-sk-idemo-pun-gas/|title=„Naš“ čovek pred vratima UFC priča za SK: Idemo pun gas|website=Sport Klub|date=2 Agosti 2020|access-date=31 Agosti 2026|language=sr}}</ref> == Kazi katika sanaa mseto za mapigano == === Mwanzo wa kazi === Medić alianza kushindana kama mtaalamu mwaka 2016 katika Alaska Fighting Championship. Alishinda mapambano yake matano ya kwanza kabla ya muda kumalizika, kwa TKO au kwa kumlazimisha mpinzani kujisalimisha. Tarehe 4 Agosti 2020 alipambana na Mikey Gonzalez katika ''Dana White's Contender Series''. Medić alishinda kwa TKO katika raundi ya kwanza na baadaye akapewa mkataba wa kushindana katika UFC.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sportklub.n1info.rs/sk-fight/a338625-novi-srbin-na-ufc-rosteru-medicev-nokaut-u-prvoj-rundi/|title=Novi Srbin na UFC rosteru: Medićev nokaut u prvoj rundi|website=Sport Klub|date=5 Agosti 2020|access-date=31 Agosti 2026|language=sr}}</ref> === Ultimate Fighting Championship === Medić alicheza pambano lake la kwanza katika UFC tarehe 6 Machi 2021 kwenye UFC 259. Alimshinda Aalon Cruz kwa TKO katika raundi ya kwanza. Ushindi huo ulimletea tuzo ya ''Performance of the Night''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mmafighting.com/2021/3/7/22317893/ufc-259-bonuses-kennedy-nzechukwu-carlos-ulberg-earn-fight-of-the-night-for-back-and-forth-scrap|title=UFC 259 bonuses: Kennedy Nzechukwu and Carlos Ulberg earn Fight of the Night|website=MMA Fighting|date=7 Machi 2021|access-date=31 Agosti 2026|language=en}}</ref> Baadaye aliwashinda wapiganaji kadhaa, wakiwemo Omar Morales, Matthew Semelsberger na Tim Means. Ushindi wake dhidi ya Means mwaka 2024 ulimletea tuzo yake ya pili ya ''Performance of the Night''.<ref name="ufc" /> Mwaka 2025 aliwashinda Gilbert Urbina na Muslim Salikhov katika raundi ya kwanza. Februari 2026 alimshinda Geoff Neal kwa KO katika raundi ya kwanza na akapokea tena tuzo ya ''Performance of the Night''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ufcstats.com/fighter-details/681399317dbf4701|title=Uros Medic — takwimu za mapambano|website=UFCStats.com|access-date=31 Agosti 2026|language=en}}</ref> Tarehe 1 Agosti 2026 Medić alishiriki katika pambano kuu la tukio la kwanza la UFC lililofanyika Serbia, katika uwanja wa Belgrade Arena. Alimshinda Daniel Rodriguez kwa TKO takribani sekunde 30 baada ya kuanza kwa raundi ya kwanza. Ushindi huo ulimletea tuzo yake ya nne ya ''Performance of the Night''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.b92.net/sport/borilacki-sportovi/mma/255342/uros-medic-konferencija-posle-pobede-na-ufc-beograd/vest|title=Medić: „Ovo je nešto neverovatno – nisam mogao ni da zamislim“|website=B92.sport|date=1 Agosti 2026|access-date=31 Agosti 2026|language=sr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mmafighting.com/ufc/502846/uros-medic-explains-why-he-still-wants-leon-edwards-next-responds-to-potential-superstar-status-after-ufc-belgrade|title=Uros Medic explains why he still wants Leon Edwards next after UFC Belgrade|website=MMA Fighting|date=2 Agosti 2026|access-date=31 Agosti 2026|language=en}}</ref> == Rekodi ya sanaa mseto za mapigano == Kufikia 31 Agosti 2026, Medić alikuwa na rekodi ya kitaalamu ya ushindi 14 na kushindwa mara tatu. Ushindi wake 12 ulipatikana kwa KO au TKO, na miwili kwa kumlazimisha mpinzani kujisalimisha. Alipoteza mara moja kwa KO na mara mbili kwa kusalimu amri.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sherdog.com/fighter/Uros-Medic-272505|title=Uros “The Doctor” Medic|website=Sherdog|access-date=31 Agosti 2026|language=en}}</ref> == Tuzo na mafanikio == * '''Ultimate Fighting Championship''' ** ''Performance of the Night'' mara nne: dhidi ya Aalon Cruz, Tim Means, Geoff Neal na Daniel Rodriguez.<ref name="ufc" /> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * [https://www.ufc.com/athlete/uros-medic Wasifu katika tovuti ya UFC] * [https://www.sherdog.com/fighter/Uros-Medic-272505 Rekodi ya kitaalamu katika Sherdog] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1993]] 3o69bwcexnsb086ytapdatp5hfp4ycd 0 248192 1593674 2026-08-31T11:41:00Z Agness Abubakar Saidi 88720 Kurasa mpya 1593674 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ibram Lassaw''' (4 Mei 1913 – 30 Desemba 2003) alikuwa mchongaji wa Marekani aliyezaliwa [[Aleksandria]], Misri, mwenye asili ya Urusi. Alijulikana kwa uchongaji wa kufikirika usiowakilisha vitu halisi, akitumia metali zilizounganishwa kwa kuchomelea. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Lassaw alizaliwa tarehe 4 Mei 1913 huko [[Aleksandria]], Misri, katika familia ya wahamiaji Wayahudi kutoka Urusi. Mwaka 1921 alihamia Marekani pamoja na familia yake, iliyokaa [[Brooklyn]], New York. Alipata uraia wa Marekani mwaka 1928. Mwaka 1926 alianza kusomea uchongaji katika Clay Club chini ya Dorothea H. Denslow, na baadaye akasoma katika Beaux-Arts Institute of Design mjini New York.<ref name="Duncan">Duncan, Erika (18 Desemba 1994). ["Encounters; 'I Want My Sculpture to Be Only Its Self,' Says Ibram Lassaw"], ''The New York Times''. Ilirejeshwa 22 Februari 2025.</ref> Pia alihudhuria City College of New York. Alitengeneza michoro na picha za kufikirika zilizoaririwa na [[Wassily Kandinsky]], Sophie Taeuber-Arp na wasanii wengine.<ref name="Philips">Philips, Lisa. ''The Third Dimension: Sculpture of the New York School''. Whitney Museum of American Art, 1984, uk. 76.</ref> == Kazi == Akichochewa na masomo ya historia ya sanaa na kusoma majarida ya sanaa ya Ulaya, Lassaw alianza kutengeneza sanamu mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1920. Alikuwa miongoni mwa kundi dogo la wasanii waliojitolea kwa sanaa ya kufikirika katika miaka ya 1930.<ref>''The American Century: Art & Culture 1900–1950'', uk. 284.</ref> Katika kazi zake, alibadilisha matumizi ya metali zilizomiminwa na kuwa miundo mizito kwa kutumia kuchomelea kuunda miundo iliyo wazi yenye nafasi tupu.<ref>''The American Century: Art & Culture 1900–1950'', uk. 289.</ref> Katikati ya miaka ya 1930 alifanya kazi kwa muda katika Public Works of Art Project, akisafisha sanamu za kumbukumbu mjini New York. Baadaye alijiunga na Works Progress Administration (WPA) kama mwalimu na mchongaji hadi alipoandikishwa jeshini mwaka 1942. Mwaka 1937 alikuwa mmoja wa waanzilishi wa American Abstract Artists,<ref>Gregory Gilbert, "Ibram Lassaw," katika ''Beyond the Plane, American Constructions 1930–1965, exhibition catalogue'', Jennifer Toher (mhr.), New Jersey State Museum, 1983, uk. 71.</ref> na aliwahi kuwa rais wa shirika hilo kuanzia 1946 hadi 1949.<ref name="Philips" /> Juhudi zake za kuendeleza mitindo ya kisasa zilichangia ukuaji wa sanaa ya kufikirika nchini Marekani. Katika miaka ya 1940 na 1950, Lassaw alikuwa sehemu ya [[Shule ya New York (sanaa)|Shule ya New York]] ya [[usemi wa kufikirika]]. Alitumia majira ya kiangazi huko [[Long Island]] kuanzia 1955, kabla ya kuhamia huko kabisa mwaka 1963. == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Wachongaji wa Marekani]] 98yqtq5mrlfdpbqf5jgch1t9xxfnqdi 0 248193 1593675 2026-08-31T11:46:42Z Agness Abubakar Saidi 88720 Kurasa mpya 1593675 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rachid Ben Ali''' (alizaliwa 1978, [[Taza]], [[Moroko]]) ni mchoraji wa [[Moroko]] na Uholanzi anayejulikana kwa kazi zake zenye utata.<ref name="Artland">["Artist biography"], ''Artland''. Iliwekwa kwenye kumbukumbu tarehe 12 Juni 2020; ilirejeshwa 12 Juni 2020.</ref> Akiwa na umri wa miaka 15, alipelekwa na wazazi wake [[Uholanzi]]. Ni msanii aliyejifunza mwenyewe bila elimu rasmi ya sanaa. Baadaye alisoma katika Polytechnic of the Arts huko [[Antwerp]], [[Ubelgiji]]. Anaishi na kufanya kazi [[Amsterdam]] na [[London]]. Mwaka 2001 na 2003 alifanya maonyesho katika Tanya Rumpff Gallery huko [[Haarlem]], [[Stedelijk Museum]] mjini Amsterdam na Wereldmuseum huko [[Rotterdam]]. [[Malkia Beatrix]] alichagua moja ya michoro yake kwa ajili ya kufungua maonyesho katika Stedelijk Museum. Mwaka 2003 alishinda tuzo ya KunstRAI kwa wasanii chipukizi.<ref name="Waterstones">["Rachid Ben Ali (Paperback)"], ''Waterstones''. Ilirejeshwa 12 Juni 2020.</ref> Mwaka 2005, michoro yake 40 ya hivi karibuni ilionyeshwa katika Cobra Museum of Modern Art huko [[Amstelveen]], karibu na Amsterdam.<ref name="ISIM">["Isim Review 15 Spring 2005"] (PDF). ''Leiden University''. Ilirejeshwa 12 Juni 2020.</ref> Kazi zake zimesababisha hasira na vitisho kutoka kwa wanamgambo wa Kiislamu nchini Uholanzi. Aliishi mafichoni baada ya kupokea vitisho vya kifo vilivyohusishwa na maonyesho yaliyokuwa na mchoro wa "maimamu wenye chuki" wakitema mabomu. Tangu wakati huo amekuwa akilindwa na walinzi binafsi, ambao gharama zao hulipwa na Cobra Museum. == Marejeo == <references/> [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Moroko]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Uholanzi]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Moroko]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uholanzi]] dts6bdnkvwdcqikqda75bdh7q9n7see 0 248194 1593677 2026-08-31T11:58:37Z Agness Abubakar Saidi 88720 Kurasa mpya 1593677 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kevin Carter''' (13 Septemba 1960 – 27 Julai 1994) alikuwa mwandishi wa habari za picha kutoka [[Afrika Kusini]] na mwanachama wa Bang-Bang Club. Mwaka 1994 alishinda [[Tuzo ya Pulitzer]] ya Upigaji Picha wa Matukio kwa picha yake maarufu ya mtoto aliyekuwa akikabiliwa na njaa wakati wa [[Njaa ya Sudan ya 1993]]. Alifariki kwa kujiua chini ya miezi minne baadaye, akiwa na umri wa miaka 33.<ref>McCabe, Eamonn (30 Julai 2014). ["From the archive, 30 July 1994: Photojournalist Kevin Carter dies"], ''The Guardian''. Ilirejeshwa 20 Desemba 2018.</ref> Maisha yake yameelezwa katika kitabu ''The Bang-Bang Club'' (2000), kilichoandikwa na Greg Marinovich na João Silva.<ref>Marinovich & Silva (2000), ''The Bang-Bang Club'', uk. 1–254.</ref> == Maisha ya awali == Carter alizaliwa [[Johannesburg]], Afrika Kusini, na kukulia katika eneo la tabaka la kati. Akiwa mtoto alishuhudia polisi wakiendesha misako ya kuwakamata Waafrika weusi waliokuwa wakiishi eneo hilo kinyume cha sheria. Baadaye alihoji kwa nini familia yake ya Kikatoliki yenye asili ya Uingereza haikupinga [[apartheid]] kwa nguvu zaidi.<ref>Marinovich & Silva (2000), uk. 39–41.</ref> Baada ya shule ya sekondari aliacha masomo ili kuwa mfamasia, lakini alijiunga na jeshi. Baadaye alihudumu katika Jeshi la Anga la Afrika Kusini. Mwaka 1980 alimtetea mhudumu mweusi wa kantini aliyekuwa akitukanwa na wanajeshi wenzake, jambo lililosababisha yeye kupigwa. Baada ya kushuhudia ulipuaji wa Church Street mjini Pretoria mwaka 1983, aliamua kuwa mwandishi wa habari na mpiga picha.<ref>Marinovich & Silva (2000), uk. 39–41.</ref> == Kazi == Mwaka 1983, baada ya kumaliza huduma ya kijeshi, Carter alifanya kazi katika duka la vifaa vya upigaji picha mjini Johannesburg na kuanza kupata kazi za upigaji picha. Alifanya kazi na ''Johannesburg Sunday Express'' kama mpiga picha wa michezo, kabla ya kujiunga na ''The Star'' mwaka 1984, ambako alipiga picha zinazoonyesha ukatili wa apartheid.<ref>Dwornik, Małgorzata (2 Septemba 2024). ["Kevin Carter. The Story of a Bang-Bang Club Photojournalist"], ''Reporterzy.info''.</ref> Katikati ya miaka ya 1980 alikuwa mpiga picha wa kwanza kurekodi kwa picha tukio la "[[necklacing]]", ambapo mtu aliuawa kwa kuchomwa tairi lililowekwa shingoni na kuwashwa moto.<ref>["First Draft by Tim Porter: Covering War in a Free Society"], ''timporter.com''. Ilirejeshwa 3 Novemba 2018.</ref> == Sudan == Mwezi Machi 1993, Carter na João Silva walikwenda [[Sudan Kusini]] kupitia Operation Lifeline Sudan ya Umoja wa Mataifa kuripoti kuhusu njaa katika eneo hilo.<ref>Marinovich & Silva (2000), uk. 109–110.</ref> Walifika [[Ayod]], ambako walipiga picha za waathiriwa wa njaa. Carter alipiga picha maarufu ya mtoto aliyeanguka kwa njaa huku [[tai]] akiwa karibu.<ref>Marinovich & Silva (2000), uk. 118.</ref> Picha hiyo iliuzwa kwa ''[[The New York Times]]'' na kuchapishwa kwa mara ya kwanza tarehe 26 Machi 1993. Iliibua maswali kuhusu hatima ya mtoto huyo; gazeti lilisema kuwa, kwa mujibu wa Carter, mtoto alipata nguvu za kuendelea na safari baada ya tai kufukuzwa, ingawa haikujulikana kama alifika kituo cha chakula cha Umoja wa Mataifa.<ref>["Editors' Note"], ''The New York Times'', 30 Machi 1993.</ref> Mwezi Aprili 1994, picha hiyo ilimletea Carter [[Tuzo ya Pulitzer ya Upigaji Picha wa Matukio]].<ref>["The Importance Behind the Photo of a Starving Child and a Vulture"], ''Time''.</ref><ref>MacLeod, Scott (12 Septemba 1994). ["The Life and Death of Kevin Carter"], ''Time'', juz. 144, na. 11.</ref> Mwaka 2011 ilifichuliwa kuwa mtoto huyo alikuwa mvulana aitwaye Kong Nyong na kwamba alifikishwa katika kituo cha misaada cha Umoja wa Mataifa. Familia yake ilisema kuwa Nyong alifariki mwaka 2007 kutokana na homa.<ref>Rojas, Alberto (21 Februari 2011). ["Kong Nyong, el niño que sobrevivió al buitre"], ''El Mundo''.</ref> == Kifo == Miezi mitatu na nusu baada ya kupokea Tuzo ya Pulitzer, Carter alikufa kwa kujiua tarehe 27 Julai 1994, akiwa na miaka 33. Alikuwa ameacha ujumbe wa kuaga ulioeleza kuhusu maumivu ya maisha, madeni na kumbukumbu za mauaji, maiti na watoto wenye njaa au waliojeruhiwa. Alimtaja pia mwenzake Ken Oosterbroek, aliyekuwa amefariki muda mfupi kabla yake.<ref>Marinovich & Silva (2000), uk. 195.</ref> == Katika utamaduni maarufu == Maisha ya Carter yalihamasisha wimbo "[[Kevin Carter (wimbo)|Kevin Carter]]" wa mwaka 1996 wa [[Manic Street Preachers]], uliotolewa katika albamu ''Everything Must Go''.<ref>Marinovich & Silva (2000), uk. 140.</ref> Pia yaliathiri albamu ''Poets and Madmen'' (2001) ya [[Savatage]].<ref>["Poets and Madmen"], Savatage.</ref> Carter alionyeshwa na mwigizaji wa Kanada [[Taylor Kitsch]] katika filamu ''The Bang Bang Club'' ya mwaka 2010, iliyotokana na kitabu cha mwaka 2000 ''The Bang-Bang Club: Snapshots from a Hidden War''.<ref>["The Bang Bang Club"], 2010.</ref> == Marejeo == <references/> [[Jamii:Wapiga picha wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa habari wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Washindi wa Tuzo ya Pulitzer]] [[Jamii:Wapiga picha za habari]] o4rioefk6nrq072kmblgi4oifm8mquh