Wikipedia swwiki https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mwanzo MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.17 first-letter Media Maalum Majadiliano Mtumiaji Majadiliano ya mtumiaji Wikipedia Majadiliano ya Wikipedia Faili Majadiliano ya faili MediaWiki Majadiliano ya MediaWiki Kigezo Majadiliano ya kigezo Msaada Majadiliano ya msaada Jamii Majadiliano ya jamii Lango Majadiliano ya lango Wikichanzo Majadiliano ya Wikichanzo TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk Wikipedia:Jumuiya 4 915 1593925 1581341 2026-09-01T22:51:44Z Rwebogora 37559 /* Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili */ 1593925 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ * '''en:'''Welcome to the '''Swahili Wikipedia Village Pump!''' * '''sw:''' Ukurasa huu ni kwa ajili ya kuwasaidia watu wanaotaka kuboresha kamusi hii na kujadiliana mambo ya jumuiya yetu! * [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Matukio ya Kimataifa|Orodha ya Matukio ya Kimataifa]]:Unaweza kuangalia kalenda hiyo ya matukio ya kimataifa na ukipendezwa unaweza kushiriki tukio lolote iwapo utaona linakuhusu. Viungo vya jumuiya: {| class="wikitable" border="1" |- |[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]] <br/>'''Fungua hapa kuona kura kuhusu wakabidhi wapya!''' |[[Wikipedia:Makala kwa ufutaji]] |[[Wikipedia:Maboresho yanayohitajika]] |[http://tools.wmflabs.org/wikiviewstats/?locale=en&lang=sw&project=&page=&datefrom=2014-05-02&autofilter&type=world Makala zinazotembelewa sana leo hii] |[[Wikipedia:Kuzuia watumiaji]] |- |[[Wikipedia:Ubalozi]] |[[Wikipedia:Kundi la Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]] |[[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Daruser|Wikimedia Community User Group Tanzania]] |[[Wikipedia:Makala zilizoombwa]] |[https://xtools.wmcloud.org/ec Michango yote ya mtumiaji] (jaza jina) * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:CentralAuth?target= Angalia michango ya watumiaji]* [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&offset=&limit=500&type=newusers&user=&page=&wpdate=&tagfilter=&wpfilters%5B0%5D=newusers Watumiaji wapya] |} ==Kumbukumbu ya miaka iliyopita== <small>'''Majadiliano ya awali yamehamishiwa hapa:''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Kumbukumbu hadi Julai 2008]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu Julai 2008 hadi Desemba 2009]]''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu Desemba 2009 hadi Desemba 2011]]''' * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2012 hadi 2013]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2014]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2015]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2016]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2017]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2018-2019]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2020-2021-VI]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya/Kumbukumbu 2021-VI - 2022-I]] * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia/Kumbukumbu 2022 - 2025 I]] </small> ==Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili== Kwa wote wanaopenda kutafakari na kujadiliana nasi namna ya kuendeleza wikipedia hii ya Kiswahili wakabidhi walianzisha kundi la '''[[meta:Jenga Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]]'''. Unaweza kujiandikisha pale kama umehariri hapa kwa muda wa mwaka mmoja angalau. ==Jamii / Kategoria== Ndugu zangu, kuna mtu amebadili ujumbe wa kusano kutoka JAMII kwenda kategoria. Kwa sasa inaonekana juu lakini baadaye itachukua nafasi. Huu ni uharibifu wa tafsiri. Tazama hapa: https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:1000 Inabidi tudhibiti mapema tafsiri zijadiliwe na wasemaji wa Kiswahili badala ya kikundi cha wahuni wanaojiita wafasiri. == Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025: Invitation == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:UCDM 2025 general.png|180px|right]] {{int:please-translate}} Hello, dear Wikipedians!<br/> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the fifth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''14th April''' until '''16th May 2025'''. The campaign is dedicated to famous Ukrainian artists of cinema, music, literature, architecture, design, and cultural phenomena of Ukraine that are now part of world heritage. We accept contributions in every language! The most active contesters will receive prizes. If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest. <br/> We invite you to take part and help us improve the coverage of Ukrainian culture on Wikipedia in your language! Also, we plan to set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in such a challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) </div> 16:11, 16 Aprili 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Hide on Rosé@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&oldid=28552112 --> == Vote now on the revised UCoC Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> The voting period for the revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines ("UCoC EG") and the UCoC's Coordinating Committee Charter is open now through the end of 1 May (UTC) ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 find in your time zone]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/2025/Voter_information|Read the information on how to participate and read over the proposal before voting]] on the UCoC page on Meta-wiki. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review of the EG and Charter was planned and implemented by the U4C. Further information will be provided in the coming months about the review of the UCoC itself. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well. In cooperation with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 00:34, 17 Aprili 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28469465 --> == Sub-referencing: User testing == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Sub-referencing reuse visual.png|400px|right]] <small>''Apologies for writing in English, please help us by providing a translation below''</small> Hi I’m Johannes from [[:m:Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]]'s [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes team]]. We are making great strides with the new [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing feature]] and we’d love to invite you to take part in two activities to help us move this work further: #'''Try it out and share your feedback''' #:[[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing# Test the prototype|Please try]] the updated ''wikitext'' feature [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Sub-referencing on the beta wiki] and let us know what you think, either [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|on our talk page]] or by [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/talktotechwish booking a call] with our UX researcher. #'''Get a sneak peak and help shape the ''Visual Editor'' user designs''' #:Help us test the new design prototypes by participating in user sessions – [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/gxk0taud/apply sign up here to receive an invite]. We're especially hoping to speak with people from underrepresented and diverse groups. If that's you, please consider signing up! No prior or extensive editing experience is required. User sessions will start ''May 14th''. We plan to bring this feature to Wikimedia wikis later this year. We’ll reach out to wikis for piloting in time for deployments. Creators and maintainers of reference-related tools and templates will be contacted beforehand as well. Thank you very much for your support and encouragement so far in helping bring this feature to life! </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|talk]])</bdi> 15:03, 28 Aprili 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johannes_Richter_(WMDE)/Sub-referencing/massmessage_list&oldid=28628657 --> == Pigia kura mapendekezo ya marekebisho ya Miongozo ya Utekelezaji ya UCoC na Mkataba wa U4C == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Kipindi cha kupigia kura marekebisho ya Mkataba wa Utekelezaji wa Kanuni za Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili na U4C itafungwa tarehe 1 Mei 2025 saa 23:59 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 angalia kwa saa za eneo lako]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025/Voter information|Soma maelezo kuhusu jinsi ya kushiriki na kusoma pendekezo kabla ya kupiga kura]] kwenye ukurasa wa UCoC kwenye Meta-wiki. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili (U4C)]] ni kikundi cha kimataifa kinachojitolea kutoa utekelezaji sawa na thabiti wa UCoC. Tathmini hii ya kila mwaka ilipangwa na kutekelezwa na U4C. Kwa maelezo zaidi na majukumu ya U4C, unaweza [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|kuupitia Mkataba wa U4C]]. Tafadhali washirikishe ujumbe huu wanajumuiya wenzako katika lugha yako, kadri utakavyoona inavyofaa, ili waweze kushiriki pia. Kwa ushirikiano na U4C -- <section end="announcement-content" /> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 03:41, 29 Aprili 2025 (UTC)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == We will be enabling the new Charts extension on your wiki soon! == ''(Apologies for posting in English)'' Hi all! We have good news to share regarding the ongoing problem with graphs and charts affecting all wikis that use them. As you probably know, the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|old Graph extension]] was disabled in 2023 [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EWL4AGBEZEDMNNFTM4FRD4MHOU3CVESO/|due to security reasons]]. We’ve worked in these two years to find a solution that could replace the old extension, and provide a safer and better solution to users who wanted to showcase graphs and charts in their articles. We therefore developed the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Charts extension]], which will be replacing the old Graph extension and potentially also the [[:mw:Extension:EasyTimeline|EasyTimeline extension]]. After successfully deploying the extension on Italian, Swedish, and Hebrew Wikipedia, as well as on MediaWiki.org, as part of a pilot phase, we are now happy to announce that we are moving forward with the next phase of deployment, which will also include your wiki. The deployment will happen in batches, and will start from '''May 6'''. Please, consult [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project#Deployment Timeline|our page on MediaWiki.org]] to discover when the new Charts extension will be deployed on your wiki. You can also [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|consult the documentation]] about the extension on MediaWiki.org. If you have questions, need clarifications, or just want to express your opinion about it, please refer to the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension_talk:Chart/Project|project’s talk page on Mediawiki.org]], or ping me directly under this thread. If you encounter issues using Charts once it gets enabled on your wiki, please report it on the [[:mw:Extension_talk:Chart/Project|talk page]] or at [[phab:tag/charts|Phabricator]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:07, 6 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=28663781 --> == Vandalism == I suppose the two pictures in the text [[Adidas]] are simple vandalism and do not make sence in the text. But not being active in this wikipedia, I don't know how to attract more attention to the doubtful edit of march 2023. :Nadhani picha mbili katika maandishi [[Adidas]] ni uharibifu rahisi na hazina maana katika maandishi. Lakini kutokuwa hai katika wikipedia hii, sijui jinsi ya kuvutia umakini zaidi kwa uhariri wa shaka wa Machi 2023. --'''[[Mtumiaji:ThomasPusch|ThomasPusch]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ThomasPusch|majadiliano]])''' 12:06, 12 Mei 2025 (UTC) :It has been fixed! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 12:20, 12 Mei 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Call for Candidates for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> The results of voting on the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter is [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025#Results|available on Meta-wiki]]. You may now [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025/Candidates|submit your candidacy to serve on the U4C]] through 29 May 2025 at 12:00 UTC. Information about [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|eligibility, process, and the timeline are on Meta-wiki]]. Voting on candidates will open on 1 June 2025 and run for two weeks, closing on 15 June 2025 at 12:00 UTC. If you have any questions, you can ask on [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|the discussion page for the election]]. -- in cooperation with the U4C, </div><section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|majadiliano]])</bdi> 22:07, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == Changes to the way some users are granted the right to see temporary account IP addresses == Hello! This is the [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety_Product|Trust and Safety Product]] team. We would like to share that we have decided to change the requirements for access to temporary account IP addresses. '''The impact on your community will be minimal'''. We are planning on implementing the change in the week of May 26 ([[phab:T393358|T393358]] + [[phab:T393360|T393360]] + [[phab:T390942|T390942]]). I will keep you updated about the details. We are only changing the rules for users who do not have extended rights (e.g. admins, bureaucrats, checkusers – [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Wikimedia_Access_to_Temporary_Account_IP_Addresses_Policy#requirements-for-access|see the policy for more examples]]) but their account is a minimum of 6 months old, and who have made a minimum of 300 edits on this wiki. They will lose access to IP addresses ([[phab:T393360|T393360]]), and to have it back, '''they will need to apply for the right. Admins or stewards will decide whether to grant it''' ([[phab:T390942|T390942]]). This will entail human manual work, but this method will be safer than if we continued to grant the rights automatically. We want to emphasize that there has been no user who wouldn't have extended rights to ever reveal a temporary account's IP addresses on your wiki. We made this decision based on what we heard from you, piloting wikis, particularly Romanian Wikipedians. We also consulted on options with Stewards, and had discussions on Meta-Wiki and about 20 Wikipedias with large communities. When we deploy temporary accounts to more wikis, we will evaluate the impact and may adjust our approach again. In addition, we'd like you to know that requirements for access to the [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety_Product/IP_Info|IP Info]] feature will be identical with the ones for access to the temporary accounts' IP addresses (a user will either have full information or none). '''The rationale for the change''' We chose the current numerical thresholds and automatic granting before deploying temporary accounts on any wiki. However, it’s become clear to us that these requirements are quite low and it is still too easy for bad-faith actors to gain access to temporary account IP addresses. We want temporary accounts to meaningfully improve editor privacy, so we need to be more restrictive. Our goal is to more consistently limit IP address access to only those who need it. '''How will this work''' * When a user without extended rights needs to view temporary account IP addresses, they will need to file a request for being added to the "Temporary account IP viewers" group. They will file the request to admins (the local communities will be able to decide what that process will be) or stewards (for wikis without local admins). * The software will require that the user has at least 300 edits and the account since at least 6 months. Admins and stewards will not be able to grant temporary account IP access to accounts that do not meet that criteria. This is a minimum, and we encourage you to enforce higher thresholds. * The user reviewing the request will check if the user applying for the right meets requirements and that they have provided a valid justification. The right itself will be granted through Special:UserRights. * Users who grant requests for the right will also handle removal of the right. We would also like to clarify some details. For your convenience, we will also document some of it in [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/FAQ|the project FAQ]]. {{hidden|Access to IP addresses|bg1=background-color:#eee;|2 = * '''Separation of the new right''' (checkuser-temporary-account) out to a new group ([[metawiki:Meta:Temporary_account_IP_viewer|Temporary account IP viewers]]), as opposed to technically attaching it to any [[Special:ListGroupRights|existing group]] (like patroller). We have decided to do this for a few reasons: ** '''Having access to IP addresses carries risk'''. This right is similar to checkuser. IP addresses are considered personally identifiable information (a kind of [[:en:personal data|personal data]]). Outside actors who want to access IP addresses will now need to interact with users who have this right. Users with this right should be aware of this, and alert to the possibility of suspicious access requests. ** '''Good practices for privacy protection'''. Giving access to users who are trusted but do not need access to carry on their work is not in line with good practices for processing personal data. ** '''Removal of right'''. Access to IPs will be [[phab:T325658|logged]] ([https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Log?type=checkuser-temporary-account example]). If any misuse of this right is detected, it can be taken away separately from any other permissions the user may hold. It would be difficult and sometimes also unreasonable to remove the rights unrelated to access to IP addresses. ** You may grant the new right to all users belonging to a certain existing group individually. These users must meet the criteria for Temporary account IP viewers, though. ** For clarity – all this does not affect administrators, bureaucrats, checkusers, stewards, and other groups mentioned in the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|global policy]]. * '''Activity requirement'''. With regards to users who would need to be granted access manually, the policy says that they "must edit or take a logged action to the local project at least once within a 365-day period". This requirement is not changing. }} {{hidden|Process of granting the right|bg1=background-color:#eee;|2 = * '''Formality of granting the right'''. There is no need for discussions or votes like Request for Adminship. It does suffice if a single admin makes a decision using their own judgement. * '''Additional requirements for the users applying for the right'''. ** You have autonomy over the process for granting the right. You can adopt thresholds higher than 300 edits, or disallow the "non-admin+" users to have the right. The granting process can be as basic or elaborate as you deem appropriate. ** Which criteria admins should take when deciding whether to grant the right – how to tell whether a user needs access to IP addresses? There are no mandatory requirements beyond a minimum of 300 edits and a 6 month old account. You may introduce additional criteria related to trust to the user (such as no prior blocks or copyright violations) or experience in patrolling activities. * '''Additional burden on administrators'''. We understand the toil of having to grant and remove an additional right. This is indeed a downside. We think that it will only have to be a one-time effort to grant this right to a larger number of people. We are curious if you can find ways to limit this burden. }} '''Next steps on your side we would like to suggest''' * We are encouraging you to consider '''adopting a policy''' on granting and removing the right, if you think you need to add anything to the global policy. * We are encouraging you to '''start granting the right'''. Considering our data (up to a few non-functionaries have ever revealed temporary account IP addresses here), we believe you don't need to rush or spend a lot of time preparing for this before the change comes into force, though. * We would like to show you what level of wiki-bureaucracy seems sufficient from our point of view. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=28667152 In the sandbox], we have created a draft of what a page with requests for the flag could look like. Of course the final content of the page will depend on your community. We do not want to imply that we are instructing you on this matter. Let us know if you have any questions. Thank you! [[metawiki:User:NKohli_(WMF)|NKohli (WMF)]] and '''[[Mtumiaji:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 02:27, 16 Mei 2025 (UTC) == RfC ongoing regarding Abstract Wikipedia (and your project) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''(Apologies for posting in English, if this is not your first language)'' Hello all! We opened a discussion on Meta about a very delicate issue for the development of [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia]]: where to store the abstract content that will be developed through functions from Wikifunctions and data from Wikidata. Since some of the hypothesis involve your project, we wanted to hear your thoughts too. We want to make the decision process clear: we do not yet know which option we want to use, which is why we are consulting here. We will take the arguments from the Wikimedia communities into account, and we want to consult with the different communities and hear arguments that will help us with the decision. The decision will be made and communicated after the consultation period by the Foundation. You can read the various hypothesis and have your say at [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content|Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 15:27, 22 Mei 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=28768453 --> == Uchaguzi wa Bodi ya Wadhamini ya Wikimedia Foundation mwaka 2025 na Wito wa Maswali == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Wapendwa wote, Mwaka huu, Muda wa Wadhamini 2 (wawili) waliochaguliwa na jumuiya na Washirika kwenye Bodi ya Wadhamini ya Shirika la Wikimedia Foundation utakamilika [1]. Bodi inakaribisha harakati nzima kushiriki katika mchakato wa uteuzi wa mwaka huu na kupiga kura kujaza viti hivyo. Kamati ya Uchaguzi inasimamia mchakato huu kwa msaada kutoka kwa wafanyakazi wa Shirika [2]. Kamati ya Utawala inayoundwa na wadhamini ambao si wagombea katika mchakato wa uteuzi wa wadhamini waliochaguliwa na jumuiya na washirika wa mwaka 2025 (Raju Narisetti, Shani Evenstein Sigalov, Lorenzo Losa, Kathy Collins, Victoria Doronina na Esra’a Al Shafei) [3], ina jukumu la kutoa usimamizi wa Bodi ya wadhamini kwa ajili ya kuweka taarifa kwa Bodi ya wadhamini. Maelezo zaidi kuhusu majukumu ya Kamati ya Uchaguzi, Bodi, na wafanyakazi yako hapa [4]. Hapa kuna tarehe kuu zilizopangwa: * Mei 22 – Juni 5: Tangazo (mawasiliano hayo) na mwito wa kipindi cha maswali * Juni 17 – Julai 1, 2025: Wito wa wagombea * Julai 2025: Ikihitajika, washirika hupigia kura wagombea waliopo kwenye orodha fupi ikiwa 10 au zaidi wataomba [5] * Agosti 2025: Kipindi cha kampeni * Agosti – Septemba 2025: Kipindi cha wiki mbili cha kupiga kura kwa jumuiya * Oktoba – Novemba 2025: Ukaguzi wa usuli wa watahiniwa waliochaguliwa * Mkutano wa Bodi mnamo Decemba 2025: Wadhamini wapya wamekaa kwenye kiti Jifunze zaidi kuhusu uchaguzi wa 2025 - ikiwa ni pamoja na ratiba ya kina ya matukio, mchakato wa kugombea, sheria za kampeni na vigezo vya kustahiki kwa mpiga kura - kwenye ukurasa huu wa Meta-wiki [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025|[kiungo]]]. '''Wito wa Maswali''' Katika kila mchakato wa uchaguzi, jumuiya ina fursa ya kuwasilisha maswali kwa wagombea wa Bodi ya Wadhamini kujibu. Kamati ya Uchaguzi huchagua maswali kutoka kwenye orodha iliyoandaliwa na jumuiya ili wagombea wajibu. Wagombea lazima wajibu maswali yote yanayohitajika katika maombi ili kustahiki; vinginevyo maombi yao yatakataliwa. Mwaka huu, Kamati ya Uchaguzi itachagua maswali 5 kwa wagombea kujibu. Maswali yaliyochaguliwa yanaweza kuwa mchanganyiko wa yale yaliyowasilishwa kutoka kwa jumuiya, ikiwa yanafanana au yanahusiana. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates|[kiungo]]] '''Watu wa kujitolea katika uchaguzi''' Njia nyingine ya kuhusika katika mchakato wa uchaguzi wa mwaka 2025 ni kuwa Mtu wa Kujitolea katika Uchaguzi. Watu wa Kujitolea katika Uchaguzi ni daraja kati ya Kamati ya Uchaguzi na jumuiya zao. Wanasaidia kuhakikisha jumuiya inawakilishwa na kuwahamasisha kupiga kura. Jifunze zaidi kuhusu mpango na jinsi ya kujiunga kwenye ukurasa huu wa Meta-wiki [[m:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Election_volunteers|[kiungo]]]. Asante! [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Results [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Committee:Elections_Committee_Charter [3] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resolution:Committee_Membership,_December_2024 [4] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Roles [5] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/FAQ [6] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates Salamu sana, Victoria Doronina Uhusiano wa Bodi na Kamati ya Uchaguzi Kamati ya Utawala<section end="announcement-content" /> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 03:08, 28 Mei 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == U4C case - conclusion == Hello Swahili community, <br /> first of all I would like to apologize for writing in English, an automatic translation in Swahili will follow but we are aware that automatic translations in your language are not very good so we will need your help to make sure that the text is understandable. On 21 December 2024 a request to U4C was filed here: [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Cases/Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia]]. Some deadlines were extended and we are aware that it took us a long time to conclude the case. I will report our conclusion below in English and with translation in Swahili. I will add also a translation in Italian which is a language one of your most active users (sysop and bureaucrat) is familiar with. Please contact the committee for any clarification needed. As a coordinating committee we would also like to offer our support if you need help with the requested actions. === U4C Motion === (The original text with votes is here: [[:m:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Cases/Sysop_abuse_in_Swahili_Wikipedia#Motions]]) According to UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), Swahili is among the 10 most widely spoken languages in the world, with more than 200 million speakers and it is one of the ''lingua franca'' in many countries within East, Central and Southern Africa as well as in the Middle East. According to Wikipedia ([[:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), Swahili is one of the national languages in Tanzania, Kenya, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Burundi, Uganda, it is an official language of Rwanda, in some areas of Somalia and is spoken in other areas in the African Great Lakes region and East and Southern Africa. With the exception of Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda, in all the countries where Swahili is national language, homosexuality is not only illegal (in some cases - Uganda - with death penalty as punishment) but apparent "promotion" of homosexuality is also severely punished. More about this in following links: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C requested a legal opinion to assess what risks editors and administrators residing in those countries could face in editing or restoring content which may be considered to "promote" homosexuality even if for Wikimedian (or Western) standards that content would not be considered promotional but only neutral or descriptive. The U4C's priorities in this case are: *Protect local users, especially advanced right holders who could be misinterpreted as "responsible" for the content of a project *Protect all the readers and their right to have neutral and informative content '''U4C Actions''' # Recommend that the Swahili Wikipedia community work on a guideline about Neutral Point of View (Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) and a guideline about reliable sources (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). The U4C will review progress in 6 months.<br /> # Recommend that the community seek local expertise on how it is permissible to educate a reader about topics related to LGBTQ issues without violating laws in Swahili-speaking countries and at the same time avoiding discrimination (as per the UCoC). Use this information to support NPOV on these topics. # Recommend that the community start discussing on dealing with local appeals and creating a procedure for this compliant with the [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines]]. # Recommend that the community define a list of pages or "contentious topics" (starting from LGBTQ topics) where, once created, the above mentioned policies are particularly used/applied more strictly. At the same time: *Administrators on Swahili Wikipedia (swwiki) are topic banned from LGBTQ related pages, with admin actions related to content and conduct moderation delegated to Stewards and Global sysops (any interventions can be requested on Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] or [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Here is a non-exhaustive list of pages that are covered: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Homosexuality, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Same sex marriage, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Once the recommended measures as described above are set up, swwiki admins may appeal to the topic ban. === Translation in Swahili === ''This is an automatic translation, please kindly fix mistakes or parts which need clarification.'' Kulingana na UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), Kiswahili ni miongoni mwa lugha 10 zinazozungumzwa na watu wengi zaidi duniani, ikiwa na wazungumzaji zaidi ya milioni 200 na ni mojawapo ya ''lingua franca'' katika nchi nyingi za Mashariki, Kati na Kusini mwa Afrika na pia Mashariki ya Kati. Kwa mujibu wa Wikipedia ([[:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), Kiswahili ni mojawapo ya lugha za kitaifa nchini Tanzania, Kenya, Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo, Burundi, Uganda, ni lugha rasmi ya Rwanda, katika baadhi ya maeneo ya Somalia na inazungumzwa katika maeneo mengine katika eneo la Maziwa Makuu ya Afrika na Afrika Mashariki na Kusini. Isipokuwa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo na Rwanda, katika nchi zote ambako Kiswahili ni lugha ya taifa, ushoga sio tu ni kinyume cha sheria (katika baadhi ya matukio - Uganda - na adhabu ya kifo kama adhabu) lakini "kukuza" kwa ushoga pia kunaadhibiwa vikali. Zaidi kuhusu hili katika viungo vifuatavyo: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C iliomba maoni ya kisheria ili kutathmini hatari ambazo wahariri na wasimamizi wanaoishi katika nchi hizo wanaweza kukabiliana nazo katika kuhariri au kurejesha maudhui ambayo yanaweza kuchukuliwa kuwa "kukuza" ushoga hata kama kwa viwango vya Wikimedian (au Magharibi) maudhui hayo hayatachukuliwa kuwa ya utangazaji bali yasiyoegemea upande wowote au maelezo. Vipaumbele vya U4C katika kesi hii ni: *Linda watumiaji wa ndani, haswa wamiliki wa haki wa hali ya juu ambao wanaweza kutafsiriwa vibaya kama "wajibiki" kwa maudhui ya mradi. *Linda wasomaji wote na haki yao ya kuwa na maudhui yasiyoegemea upande wowote na yenye taarifa '''Vitendo vya U4C''' # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya ya Wikipedia ya Kiswahili ifanyie kazi mwongozo kuhusu Mtazamo wa Kuegemea (Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) na mwongozo kuhusu vyanzo vya kuaminika (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). U4C itakagua maendeleo baada ya miezi 6.<br /> # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya itafute utaalamu wa ndani kuhusu jinsi inavyoruhusiwa kuelimisha msomaji kuhusu mada zinazohusiana na masuala ya LGBTQ bila kukiuka sheria katika nchi zinazozungumza Kiswahili na wakati huo huo kuepuka ubaguzi (kulingana na UCoC). Tumia habari hii kusaidia NPOV kwenye mada hizi. # Pendekeza kwamba jumuiya ianze kujadiliana kuhusu kushughulikia rufaa za eneo lako na kuunda utaratibu wa kutii [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines|Mwongozo wa Utekelezaji]]. # Pendekeza kwamba jumuia ifafanue orodha ya kurasa au "mada zinazogombana" (kuanzia mada za LGBTQ) ambapo, mara tu zikiundwa, sera zilizotajwa hapo juu hutumiwa/hutumiwa kwa ukali zaidi. Wakati huo huo: *Wasimamizi kwenye Wikipedia ya Kiswahili (swwiki) wamepigwa marufuku kwenye kurasa zinazohusiana na LGBTQ, huku vitendo vya wasimamizi vinavyohusiana na udhibiti wa maudhui na maadili vimekabidhiwa kwa Stewards na Global sysops (afua zozote zinaweza kuombwa kwenye Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] au [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Hapa kuna orodha isiyo kamili ya kurasa ambazo zimefunikwa: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Ushoga, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Ndoa ya jinsia moja, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Baada ya hatua zilizopendekezwa kama ilivyoelezwa hapo juu kusanidiwa, wasimamizi wa swwiki wanaweza kukata rufaa dhidi ya marufuku ya mada. {{hidden | style = border: 1px black; width: 100%; | headerstyle = background:#f5f5f5 | contentstyle = | header = Translation in Italian/Tafsiri katika Kiitaliano | content = Secondo l'UNESCO (https://www.unesco.org/en/days/kiswahili-language), lo Swahili è tra le 10 lingue più parlate al mondo con oltre 200 milioni di persone che lo parlano ed è una "lingue franche" in diversi paese dell'Africa orientale, centrale e meridionale nonché nel Medio-Oriente. Secondo Wikipedia ([[:en:w:Swahili_language|Swahili_language]]), lo Swahili è una delle lingue nazionali in Tanzania, Kenya, Repubblica Democratica del Congo, Burundi, Uganda, è lingua ufficiale in Ruanda, in alcune aree della Somalia ed è abitualmente usato in altre aree della regione dei Grandi Laghi e dell'Africa Orientale e meridionale. Con l'eccezione della Repubblica Democratica del Congo e del Ruanda, in tutti i paese in cui lo Swahili è lingua nazionale, l'omosessualità non è solo illegale (in alcuni casi, come l'Uganda, è punita con la pena di morte) ma anche l'apparente promozione dell'omosessualità è severamente punita. Maggiori informazioni nei seguenti link: *https://www.equaldex.com/region/tanzania *https://www.equaldex.com/region/kenya *https://www.equaldex.com/region/burundi *https://www.equaldex.com/region/uganda U4C ha richiesto un parere legale per individuare quali rischi corrano i volontari e amministratori residenti in questi paese nell'effettuare modifiche o ripristinare contenuti che possono essere considerati promozionali dell'omosessualità anche se per standard Wikimediani (o del mondo occidentale) non sono considerati promozionali ma solo descrittivi o neutrali. Nel trattare questo caso le priorità dello U4C sono: *Tutelare gli utenti locali, specialmente coloro con diritti addizionali che possono essere erroneamente considerati come "responsabili" dei contenuti di un progetto *Tutelare i lettori e il loro diritto ad avere informazioni e contenuti neutrali '''In considerazione di ciò U4C''' # Raccomanda che la comunità della Wikipedia in Swahili lavori sulla creazione di linee guida sul punto di vista neutrale (Neutral Point of View - Wikidata [[d:Q4656487]]) e su una linea guida dedicata alle fonti attendibili e al loro uso (Wikidata [[d:Q4663914]]). U4C verificherà i progressi fra 6 mesi.<br /> # Raccomanda che la comunità ricerchi informazioni o consulenza locale su come fornire contenuti informativi sui temi collegati a LGBTQ senza violare leggi nei paesi di lingua Swahili ma allo stesso tempo senza discriminare (ai sensi di UCoC). Le informazioni ottenute andranno a supporto della linea guida sul punto di vista neutrale sull'argomento. # Raccomanda che la comunità inizi una discussione sulla gestione locale degli appelli ai blocchi e su una procedura degli stessi conforme alle linee guida sull'applicazione del codice di condotta [[:foundation:Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#3.3.3_Appeals|Enforcement Guidelines]]. # Raccomanda che la comunità definisca una lista di pagine di "argomenti controversi" (partendo dal tema LGBTQ) dove, una volta create le linee guida del punto 1, queste vengano usate e applicate con particolare rigore. Allo stesso tempo: *Gli amministratori della Wikipedia in Swahili hanno un topic ban (blocco selettivo su tema specifico) dalle pagine riguardanti tematiche LGBTQ, gli interventi amministrativi legati alla moderazione di condotta e contenuto sono delegate agli Steward e ai Global sysop (gli interventi possono essere richiesti nelle pagine su Meta: [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard]] oppure [[:m:Steward requests/Miscellaneous]]). Di seguito una lista non esasustiva delle pagine coinvolte: **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja - Homosexuality, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndoa_ya_jinsia_moja - Same sex marriage, **https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbadili_jinsia - Transgender *Una volta che i rimedi raccomandati descritti nei punti più sopra sono stati attuati gli amministratori di swwiki possono richiedere la rimozione del topic ban. }} On behalf of U4C, '''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 13:23, 31 Mei 2025 (UTC) == Vote now in the 2025 U4C Election == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{Int:Please-translate}} Eligible voters are asked to participate in the 2025 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] election. More information–including an eligibility check, voting process information, candidate information, and a link to the vote–are available on Meta at the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2025|2025 Election information page]]. The vote closes on 17 June 2025 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1750161600 12:00 UTC]. Please vote if your account is eligible. Results will be available by 1 July 2025. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 23:01, 13 Juni 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28848819 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2025 - Call for Candidates</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div> Hello all, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|call for candidates for the 2025 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees selection is now open]] from June 17, 2025 – July 2, 2025 at 11:59 UTC [1]. The Board of Trustees oversees the Wikimedia Foundation's work, and each Trustee serves a three-year term [2]. This is a volunteer position. This year, the Wikimedia community will vote in late August through September 2025 to fill two (2) seats on the Foundation Board. Could you – or someone you know – be a good fit to join the Wikimedia Foundation's Board of Trustees? [3] Learn more about what it takes to stand for these leadership positions and how to submit your candidacy on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidate application|this Meta-wiki page]] or encourage someone else to run in this year's election. Best regards, Abhishek Suryawanshi<br /> Chair of the Elections Committee On behalf of the Elections Committee and Governance Committee [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Call_for_candidates [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Bylaws#(B)_Term. [3] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Resources_for_candidates<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 17:44, 17 Juni 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28866958 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Sister Projects Task Force reviews Wikispore and Wikinews</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="message"/> Dear Wikimedia Community, The [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs Committee (CAC)]] of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees assigned [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Sister Projects Task Force|the Sister Projects Task Force (SPTF)]] to update and implement a procedure for assessing the lifecycle of Sister Projects – wiki [[m:Wikimedia projects|projects supported by Wikimedia Foundation (WMF)]]. A vision of relevant, accessible, and impactful free knowledge has always guided the Wikimedia Movement. As the ecosystem of Wikimedia projects continues to evolve, it is crucial that we periodically review existing projects to ensure they still align with our goals and community capacity. Despite their noble intent, some projects may no longer effectively serve their original purpose. '''Reviewing such projects is not about giving up – it's about responsible stewardship of shared resources'''. Volunteer time, staff support, infrastructure, and community attention are finite, and the non-technical costs tend to grow significantly as our ecosystem has entered a different age of the internet than the one we were founded in. Supporting inactive projects or projects that didn't meet our ambitions can unintentionally divert these resources from areas with more potential impact. Moreover, maintaining projects that no longer reflect the quality and reliability of the Wikimedia name stands for, involves a reputational risk. An abandoned or less reliable project affects trust in the Wikimedia movement. Lastly, '''failing to sunset or reimagine projects that are no longer working can make it much harder to start new ones'''. When the community feels bound to every past decision – no matter how outdated – we risk stagnation. A healthy ecosystem must allow for evolution, adaptation, and, when necessary, letting go. If we create the expectation that every project must exist indefinitely, we limit our ability to experiment and innovate. Because of this, SPTF reviewed two requests concerning the lifecycle of the Sister Projects to work through and demonstrate the review process. We chose Wikispore as a case study for a possible new Sister Project opening and Wikinews as a case study for a review of an existing project. Preliminary findings were discussed with the CAC, and a community consultation on both proposals was recommended. === Wikispore === The [[m:Wikispore|application to consider Wikispore]] was submitted in 2019. SPTF decided to review this request in more depth because rather than being concentrated on a specific topic, as most of the proposals for the new Sister Projects are, Wikispore has the potential to nurture multiple start-up Sister Projects. After careful consideration, the SPTF has decided '''not to recommend''' Wikispore as a Wikimedia Sister Project. Considering the current activity level, the current arrangement allows '''better flexibility''' and experimentation while WMF provides core infrastructural support. We acknowledge the initiative's potential and seek community input on what would constitute a sufficient level of activity and engagement to reconsider its status in the future. As part of the process, we shared the decision with the Wikispore community and invited one of its leaders, Pharos, to an SPTF meeting. Currently, we especially invite feedback on measurable criteria indicating the project's readiness, such as contributor numbers, content volume, and sustained community support. This would clarify the criteria sufficient for opening a new Sister Project, including possible future Wikispore re-application. However, the numbers will always be a guide because any number can be gamed. === Wikinews === We chose to review Wikinews among existing Sister Projects because it is the one for which we have observed the highest level of concern in multiple ways. Since the SPTF was convened in 2023, its members have asked for the community's opinions during conferences and community calls about Sister Projects that did not fulfil their promise in the Wikimedia movement.[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WCNA_2024._Sister_Projects_-_opening%3F_closing%3F_merging%3F_splitting%3F.pdf <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Community_Affairs_Committee/Sister_Projects_Task_Force#Wikimania_2023_session_%22Sister_Projects:_past,_present_and_the_glorious_future%22 <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F <nowiki>[3]</nowiki>] Wikinews was the leading candidate for an evaluation because people from multiple language communities proposed it. Additionally, by most measures, it is the least active Sister Project, with the greatest drop in activity over the years. While the Language Committee routinely opens and closes language versions of the Sister Projects in small languages, there has never been a valid proposal to close Wikipedia in major languages or any project in English. This is not true for Wikinews, where there was a proposal to close English Wikinews, which gained some traction but did not result in any action[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Proposals_for_closing_projects/Closure_of_English_Wikinews <nowiki>[4]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F <nowiki>[5]</nowiki>, see section 5] as well as a draft proposal to close all languages of Wikinews[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:Proposals_for_closing_projects/Archive_2#Close_Wikinews_completely,_all_languages? <nowiki>[6]</nowiki>]. [[:c:File:Sister Projects Taskforce Wikinews review 2024.pdf|Initial metrics]] compiled by WMF staff also support the community's concerns about Wikinews. Based on this report, SPTF recommends a community reevaluation of Wikinews. We conclude that its current structure and activity levels are the lowest among the existing sister projects. SPTF also recommends pausing the opening of new language editions while the consultation runs. SPTF brings this analysis to a discussion and welcomes discussions of alternative outcomes, including potential restructuring efforts or integration with other Wikimedia initiatives. '''Options''' mentioned so far (which might be applied to just low-activity languages or all languages) include but are not limited to: *Restructure how Wikinews works and is linked to other current events efforts on the projects, *Merge the content of Wikinews into the relevant language Wikipedias, possibly in a new namespace, *Merge content into compatibly licensed external projects, *Archive Wikinews projects. Your insights and perspectives are invaluable in shaping the future of these projects. We encourage all interested community members to share their thoughts on the relevant discussion pages or through other designated feedback channels. === Feedback and next steps === We'd be grateful if you want to take part in a conversation on the future of these projects and the review process. We are setting up two different project pages: [[m:Public consultation about Wikispore|Public consultation about Wikispore]] and [[m:Public consultation about Wikinews|Public consultation about Wikinews]]. Please participate between 27 June 2025 and 27 July 2025, after which we will summarize the discussion to move forward. You can write in your own language. I will also host a community conversation 16th July Wednesday 11.00 UTC and 17th July Thursday 17.00 UTC (call links to follow shortly) and will be around at Wikimania for more discussions. <section end="message"/> </div> -- [[User:Victoria|Victoria]] on behalf of the Sister Project Task Force, 20:57, 27 Juni 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Sister_project_MassMassage_on_behalf_of_Victoria/Target_list&oldid=28911188 --> == Wikidata Item and Property labels soon displayed in Wiki Watchlist/Recent Changes == ''(Apologies for posting in English, you can help by translating into your language)'' Hello everyone, the [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects]] team is excited to announce an upcoming change in how Wikidata edit changelogs are displayed in your [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlists]] and [[Special:RecentChanges|Recent Changes]] lists. If an edit is made on Wikidata that affects a page in another Wikimedia Project, the changelog will contain some information about the nature of the edit. This can include a QID (or Q-number), a PID (or P-number) and a value (which can be text, numbers, dates, or also QID or PID’s). Confused by these terms? See the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Glossary|Wikidata:Glossary]] for further explanations. The upcoming change is scheduled for '''17.07.2025''', between '''1300 - 1500 UTC'''. The change will display the label (item name) alongside any QID or PIDs, as seen in the image below: [[File:Apr10 edit summary on Wikidata.png|An edit sum entry on Wikidata, labels display alongside their P- and Q-no.'s]] These changes will only be visible if you have Wikidata edits enabled in your User Preferences for Watchlists and Recent Changes, or have the active filter ‘Wikidata edits’ checkbox toggled on, directly on the Watchlist and Recent Changes pages. Your bot and gadget may be affected! There are thousands of bots, gadgets and user-scripts and whilst we have researched potential effects to many of them, we cannot guarantee there won’t be some that are broken or affected by this change. Further information and context about this change, including how your bot may be affected can be found on this [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|project task page]]. We welcome your questions and feedback, please write to us on this dedicated [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Talk page]]. Thank you, - [[m:User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] on behalf of the Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects Team. '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 12:46, 14 Julai 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_Test_List&oldid=28981877 --> == Boti ya kukaribisha ya [[user:AmmarBot|Ammar]] == Ndugu zangu wanaWikipedia. Hivi karibuni, nikiwa huko jijini Nairobi, nilikutana na Ammar. Kijana wa Kihausa kutoka nchini Nigeria. Katika maongezi yetu, tukafikia hatua ya kuzungumzia boti za kukaribisha watu. Kijana huyu alikubali kutumia muda wake mchache kuunda boti ya kukaribisha watu. Hivyo basi kila kibarua cha karibu kila wakati kimetuishia. Tafadhalini msipoteza muda wenu kukaribisha watu. Boti itafanya kazi. Tazameni: [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum%3AMichango&target=AmmarBot&namespace=all&tagfilter=&start=&end=&limit=50 Hapa] [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 13:45, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :Hii nzuri! '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 15:02, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) ::Ila BOT atachukua muda gani tangu mgeni kajiunga hadi atakapokaribishwa? '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 15:02, 22 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Introducing Paste Check: a new Edit Check for Wikipedia == Hello! Sorry for using English language. {{int:please-translate}}. {{int:Thank-you}} Paste Check is a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|Edit Check]] feature to help avoid and fight copyright violations. When editors paste text into an article, Paste Check can prompt them to confirm the origin and licensing of the content. '''Why Paste Check?''' Paste Check benefits two audiences: * Newcomers: Many new editors are unaware of Wikipedia’s policies regarding copyright violations. Some mistakenly believe that pasting from what they consider reliable sources is the way to edit. * Experienced editors: Paste Check aims to make it easier to identify and patrol edits that may contain pasted content (which can be either legit or copyright violations), helping us save time. The goal is to reduce the rate of copyright violations by at least 10% among newer editors. '''How it works''' By default, Paste Check will be shown to editors who have published 100 or fewer edits locally. When an editor matching this requirement pastes at least 50 characters of text from somewhere else, Paste Check will ask them to confirm if they wrote the content. Two options are then available: * Keep the text – the user is then asked to explain why. * Remove the text – the text is removed. In both cases, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tags|edits will be tagged]] so that experienced editors can identify edits in which Paste Check was shown. The tag will be visible even if the final edit didn’t include any pasted text. Paste Check will trigger when text is pasted a source it doesn’t recognize as another editing environment. It won’t show up if the editor has pasted text that we can technically recognize is coming from another MediaWiki visual editor instance, MS Office, Libre Office, Google Docs, or is plain text. To start, Paste Check will only work in the visual editor. '''Get involved''' The Editing team is seeking input on the proposed user experience and configuration. We plan to test the following interface with new users ([https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&showMessage=editcheck-dialog-addref-reject-question&group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw-editcheck&language=&filter=&optional=1&action=translate please help translating it]):   [[File:Paste_Check_interface_for_September_2025's_test.png|575x575px]] We're planning to refine this interface over time, but want to start by launching a test so that we can determine whether the check is useful. We presented this interface to people who don't participate in Wikipedia, and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Paste Check#Qualitative evaluation|they found it practical and easy to understand]]. As a consequence, we would like to start by showing the feature to a fraction of newcomers for approximately 6 weeks. After this point, we will review the experiment results and decide what to do next. '''Configuration and test''' For experienced users, Paste Check will be configurable by the local communities (e.g. edit count thresholds, ignored sections and namespaces). Edits triggering Paste Check will be marked with the tag <code>editcheck-paste-shown</code> for easier tracking. You can try the proposed Paste Check interface: * visit https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/w/index.php?title=Cats&veaction=edit&ecenable=2 * Paste 50 characters or more from an external source, such as a website, to see the prompt. Your feedback is valuable! Please share your thoughts below, and ping me. {{int:Thank-you}} [[user:Trizek_(WMF)|Trizek_(WMF)]] 13:47, 18 Septemba 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Trizek_(WMF)/sandbox/temp_MassMessage_list&oldid=29293687 --> :This test is planned to start on this Wednesday, 8 October. Let me know if you have any question! '''[[Mtumiaji:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Trizek (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 15:31, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Hivi karibuni Wiki yenu itakuwa kwenye mfumo wa kutoharirika. == <section begin="server-switch"/><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Soma ujumbe huu kupitia lugha nyingine]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] [[foundation:|Shirika la Wikimedia]] litafanya mbadilishano wa taarifa baina ya vituo vyake vya data. Hii itahakikisha kuwa Wikipedia na Wiki nyingine za Wikimedia zinabaki mtandaoni hata likitokea janga. Mbadilishano wa taarifa utafanyika: '''{{#time:j xg|2025-09-24|sw}}'''. Mbadilishano utaanza $muda huu: Inasikitisha kwamba, kutokana na vipingamizi kwenye [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], uhariri wa kila namna itabidi usitishwe wakati wa mbadilishano. Tunaomba radhi kwa mvurugiko huo, na tunafanya juhudi kupunguza kutokea kwa adha kama hiyo siku za ver. Bango litaanikizwa kwenye Wiki zote dakika 30 kabla ya kuanza kwa mchakato. Bango litabaki likionekana mpaka operesheni itapofikia mwisho. <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">You can contribute to the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=Centralnotice-tgroup-read_only_banner&task=view&language=&filter=&action=translate translation or proofreading] of this banner text.</span> '''Mtaweza kusoma, lakini si kuhariri, kwenye Wiki zote, kwa kipindi kifupi.''' *Hutoweza kuhariri kwa takriban saa moja {{#time:l j xg Y|2025-09-24|sw}}. *Ukijaribu kuhariri na kuhifadhi kwenye nyakati his, utaona ujumbe kukujulisha kuwa umekosea. Tunanatumaini kuwa hakuna maharirio yatakayopotea kwenye dakika hizo, lakini hatuwezi kuahidi. Ukiona ujumbe unaokuarifu kuwa unakosea, basi tafadhali subiri hadi iwe ya kawaida. Baadae utaweza kuhifadhi kuhifadhi maharirio yako. Kakini, tunashauri uweke kwanza nakala ya mabadiliko uliyofanya, kwa tahadhari tu. ''Athari nyingine '' *Shughuli za nyuma ya pazia zitakuwa za taratibu sana, na nyingine zinaweza kuachwa. Viungo vyekundu vinaweza vikasasishwa polepole kuliko kawaida. Ukianzisha makala makala ambayo tayari imeunganishwa na sehemu nyingine, kiungo kitabaki chekundu kwa muda mrefu kuliko kawaida. Baadhi ya maandishi ya muda mrefu italazimika kuyasimamisha. * Tunatarajia utekelezaji wa kimsimbo utafanyika kama kwenye wiki [juma] zingine. Hata hivyo, kuzuiwa Kwa baadhi ya misimbo itayoainishwa, kunaweza kutokea bila kuchelewa kama operesheni itahitaji baadae. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|Gitlab]] haitopatikana kwa kiasi cha dakika 90. Mradi huu unaweza kuahirishwa panapo ulazima. Unaweza [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|kusoma ratiba hiyo kwenye wikitech. wikimedia.org]]. Mabadiliko yoyote yatatangazwa kwenye mpangilio wa ratiba. '''Tafadhali shiriki habari hii na jumuia yako.'''</div><section end="server-switch"/> <span dir=ltr>[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|{{int:talk}}]])</span> 15:41, 18 Septemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29170715 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Migration to Parsoid</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> <em>[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Parsoid Read Views/Read View Announcement|Read this in another language]]</em> Hello everyone! I am glad to inform you that as the next step in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parser Unification]] project, Parsoid will soon be turned on as the default article renderer on your wiki. We are gradually increasing the number of wikis using Parsoid, with the intention of making it the default wikitext parser for MediaWiki's next long-term support release. This will make our wikis more reliable and consistent for editors, readers, and tools to use, as well as making the development of future wikitext features easier. If this disrupts your workflow, don’t worry! You can still opt out through a user preference or turn Parsoid off on the current page using the Tools submenu, as described in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration|Extension:ParserMigration]] documentation. There is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser_Unification/Confidence_Framework|more information about our roll-out strategy]] available, including the testing done before we turn on Parsoid for a new wiki. To report bugs and issues, please look at our [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Known Issues|known issues]] documentation and if you found a new bug please create a phab ticket and tag the [[phab:project/view/5846|Content Transform Team in Phabricator]]. <section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[mw:User:ABreault (WMF)|Content Transform Team]]</bdi> 19:49, 2 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ABreault (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_Foundation/Product_and_Technology/Parsoid_Read_Views/2025-10-06_Wikipedias&oldid=29381387 --> == Event Organizer Right for [[user:EUwandu-WMF|EUwandu-WMF]] == Dear Swahili Wikipedia Admins, The Community Organizing Experience team (formerly the Campaigns team) at the Wikimedia Foundation is supporting Wikimedia Arusha and Wikimedia Kilimanjaro to strengthen their capacity in adopting the CampaignEvents extension tools, including Event Registration tool for their 2025-26 General Support Funds activities. In order to implement this support, I would need the event organizer right on Swahili Wikipedia. I have also communicated this to [[user:Jadnapac|Jadnapac]] who recommended I ask for the right here. '''[[Mtumiaji:EUwandu-WMF|EUwandu-WMF]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:EUwandu-WMF|majadiliano]])''' 17:19, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]], @[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] please gather here. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 18:17, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :I support granting the event organizer right to EUwandu-WMF. '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 20:17, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Toa maoni yako: pigia kura Bodi ya Wadhamini ya mwaka 2025 == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Habarini nyote, Kipindi cha upigaji kura cha [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|uchaguzi wa Bodi ya Wadhamini wa 2025]] sasa kimefunguliwa. Wagombea wanagombea viti 2 (viwili) kwenye Bodi. Ili kuangalia ustahiki wako wa mpiga kura, tafadhali tembelea [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Voter eligibility guidelines|ukurasa wa ustahiki wa mpiga kura]]. Jifunze zaidi kuwahusu kwa [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidates|kusoma taarifa zao za maombi na kutazama video zao za ugombeaji]]. Ukiwa tayari, nenda kwenye ukurasa wa kupiga kura wa [[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/405|SecurePoll kupiga kura]]. '''Upigaji kura utaanza tarehe 8 Oktoba saa 00:00 UTC hadi Oktoba 22 saa 23:59 UTC.''' Kila la kheri, Abhishek Suryawanshi<br />Mwenyekiti, Kamati ya Uchaguzi<section end="announcement-content" /> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 04:48, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29360896 --> == Message from U4C == Dear Swahili community, (''Apologies for writing in English. A machine-translated version of this message is attached below for your convenience. In case of any discrepancies, please refer to the English version as the source.'') We have been made aware of the deletion of the article [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] and the subsequent block of @[[User:E.N. Emmanuel]] (who can appeal on their talk page).<br /> @[[User:Olimasy]], could you please briefly explain what was the reason, among those listed here [[Wikipedia:Kufuta_makala]], for the speedy deletion of that page? We would like to remind you all and the administrators of this project in particular that local admins are currently topic banned from LGBTQ related pages, and admin actions related to content and conduct moderation are delegated to Stewards and Global sysops. Any intervention concerning related content or users should be requested on Meta. You can read our motion here [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]]. This measure will remain in effect until the actions we have recommended for this project (listed here [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]] in the section U4C Actions) have been completed. If you need any help with these steps please do not hesitate to contact us. On behalf of the U4C, --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 17:51, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (''Hii ni tafsiri ya kiotomatiki'')<br /> Ndugu waswahili,<br /> Tumefahamishwa kuhusu kufutwa kwa makala [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] na kizuizi kilichofuata cha @[[User:E.N. Emmanuel]] (anayeweza kukata rufaa kwenye ukurasa wao wa mazungumzo).<br /> @[[User:Olimasy]], tafadhali unaweza kueleza kwa ufupi sababu ilikuwa nini, miongoni mwa walioorodheshwa hapa [[Wikipedia:Kufuta_makala]], kwa kufutwa haraka kwa ukurasa huo? Tungependa kuwakumbusha nyote na wasimamizi wa mradi huu hasa kwamba wasimamizi wa ndani kwa sasa wamepigwa marufuku kutoka kwa kurasa zinazohusiana na LGBTQ, na vitendo vya wasimamizi vinavyohusiana na udhibiti wa maudhui na maadili hukabidhiwa kwa Steward na Global sysops. Uingiliaji kati wowote kuhusu maudhui yanayohusiana au watumiaji unapaswa kuombwa kwenye Meta. Unaweza kusoma hoja yetu hapa [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]]. Hatua hii itaendelea kutumika hadi hatua ambazo tumependekeza kwa mradi huu (zilizoorodheshwa hapa [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#U4C_case_-_conclusion]] katika sehemu ya U4C Actions) zimekamilika. Ikiwa unahitaji msaada wowote kwa hatua hizi tafadhali usisite kuwasiliana nasi. Kwa niaba ya U4C, --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 17:51, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] I’ve reviewed the deletion log, and the article has already been removed. Judging by the structure and grammar, it seems the contributor may not be fluent in Kiswahili—the article had significant linguistic and formatting issues. :While we appreciate efforts to represent diverse communities, it’s equally important that all articles meet the quality standards of Swahili Wikipedia. :In a constructive spirit, we can encourage the contributor to collaborate with others to improve the article before republishing. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 20:22, 19 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Contributor is banned and only option for him is new account. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 08:08, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[User:Muddyb]] the first version of the article was created by the user and [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=312781 deleted] on 1 October. After being pinged yesterday the user recreated the page ([https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=315152 here]), it turned out that the user is a cross wiki abuser and the page was deleted by a Global Sysop who later [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&logid=315181 undeleted the page] because apparently it is a translation of enwiki. Nobody of us is able to understand if that content makes sense in Swahili or if it is an automatic translation, or meets speedy deletion criteria like you mentioned. Personally speaking U4C asked that articles about contentious topics should be based on reliable sources and that content does not meet that requirement. The user is global blocked so I do not foresee cooperation. If the content meets deletion criteria please use the delete template (I think it is this one {{tl|Futa}}?) and then request deletion on Meta (here: [[:m:Global_sysops/Requests]]). I understand that this is a little complicated but it is a temporary measure. Please do not hesitate to contact us for any help or suggestion about the recommended actions in our motion. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 09:03, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] I have informed the admin team again not to interfere directly with those kinds of articles instead we should inform Stewards to take the matter. Thanks. We will surely reach out in case of anything resurfaced. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 09:33, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[User:Muddyb]] many thanks, yes the right way is to inform Stewards or Global Sysops, your guidance is of course welcome (and needed) to overcome the language barrier. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Alternate version was correctly remade by TEMPORARY ACCOUNT and makes sense. Both "Emmanuel" accounts are ABUSERS, one locally blocked and other globally blocked. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 09:18, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] Share the recreated article that makes sense, please! [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 09:34, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Recreated article with sense is here: [[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 09:45, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Se non fossi impedito, metterei il template <nowiki>{{tafsiri kompyuta}}</nowiki> perché è una traduzione orripilante. Pace a te, Civvì! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:05, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :If there is consensus on deletion due to low quality please request the deletion on Meta (explaining the reasons). For sure the goal of our requests is not to lower your quality standards. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 11:05, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] na @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] The recreated article is another trash in the block. I will write global sysop to delete it. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 12:03, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::Do not forget REDIRECTS and TALKS when deleting. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 12:01, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::Four instances to delete: ::[[Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]], [[Majadiliano:Historia ya ubadilishaji jinsia]] ::[[Historia ya Ubadilishaji jinsia]], [[Majadiliano:Historia ya Ubadilishaji jinsia]] ::'''[[Mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|Mumba Chilekwa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mumba Chilekwa|majadiliano]])''' 12:08, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::"The recreated article is another trash in the block." FOUR INSTANCES. '''[[Mtumiaji:Soggo Ionno|Soggo Ionno]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Soggo Ionno|majadiliano]])''' 12:15, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="function1"/> {{int:Hello}}. Please help pick a name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. This project will be a wiki that will enable users to combine functions from [[:f:|Wikifunctions]] and data from Wikidata in order to generate natural language sentences in any supported languages. These sentences can then be used by any Wikipedia (or elsewhere). There will be two rounds of voting, each followed by legal review of candidates, with votes beginning on 20 October and 17 November 2025. Our goal is to have a final project name selected on mid-December 2025. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <section end="function1"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:43, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29432175 --> == Kutafuta watu wa kujitolea kujiunga na kamati kadhaa za harakati. == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Kila mwaka, kwa kawaida kuanzia Oktoba hadi Desemba, kamati kadhaa za harakati hutafuta watu wapya wa kujitolea. Soma zaidi kuhusu kamati hizo kwenye kurasa zao za Meta-wiki: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Kamati ya Ushirikiano (AffCom)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds commission|Tume ya Wachunguzi Maalum (OC)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Trust and Safety/Case Review Committee|Kamati ya Mapitio ya kesi (CRC)]] Maombi ya kamati hizo yatafunguliwa tarehe 30 Oktoba 2025. Maombi ya Kamati ya Ushirikiano, tume ya Wachunguzi Maalum na Kamati ya Mapitio ya Kesi yatafungwa tarehe 11 Desemba 2025. Jifunze namna ya kutuma maombi kwa [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Committee appointments| kutembelea ukurasa wa uteuzi kwenye Meta-Wiki]].Tuma kwenye ukurasa wa majadiliano au barua pepe cst[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org na maswali yoyote ambayo unaweza kuwa nayo. Kwa timu ya Msaada ya Kamati, <section end="announcement-content" /> -[[m:User:MKaur (WMF)| MKaur (WMF)]] 14:13, 30 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:MKaur (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29517125 --> == Will you help us test an updated Databox? == ''Apologies for posting in English - you can help by translating it'' Hello everyone, recently an update has been made to the [[w:sw:Module:Databox|Module:Databox]] / [[w:sw:Template:Databox|Template:Databox]] page with the following changes: * A Wikidata logo and link to the connected Wikidata Item * New parameters <code>useImage=</code> and <code>excludeProperties=</code> can be invoked in the source code to give a greater degree of control on what the Databox displays. ** '''<code>useImage=</code>''' choose a different [[d:Property:P18|image(P18)]] to display in the Databox.<br> Example: <nowiki>{{Databox|useImage=Hubble_Ultra_Deep_Field_part d.jpg}}</nowiki><br><br> ** '''<code>excludeParameters=</code>''' hides selected Properties (and values) in from displaying in the current Databox.<br>Example: <nowiki>{{Databox|excludeProperties=P1290,P66}}</nowiki> * The parameters can be combined, separated by a pipe |:<br><code><nowiki>{{</nowiki></code><code>Databox|'''useImage='''image_file.jpg|'''excludeProperties='''P123}}</code> === How can you help? === Please help us by playing with the new features, adding Databoxes to Articles and using the new parameters (if it is good for the article). Mostly we just want to collect feedback on whether this is a positive change, is useful, interrupts your editing workflows and / or causes any issues or bugs. Only the first change (Wikidata Logo+Link) will automatically apply to existing Databoxes (may take upto 30 days from this post) or after any edit to a page with a Databox (including null-edits). The two Parameters will only show if the <nowiki>{{Databox}}</nowiki> wikitext is edited with the new parameter code.<br>[[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox#Changes_to_Databox|Find instructions to do that here]].<br> Any questions, please feel free to reply here or add them to the [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox|Talk page]].<br> Thank you, - '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 14:41, 6 Novemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_test_list&oldid=29580122 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Reminder: Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="function2"/> {{int:Hello}}. Reminder: Please help to choose name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. The finalist vote starts today. The finalists for the name are: <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Abstract Wikipedia, Multilingual Wikipedia, Wikiabstracts, Wikigenerator, Proto-Wiki</span>. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <section end="function2"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:22, 20 Novemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29583860 --> == Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 == Dear Wikimedia communities, We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year. ''Last year, we captured light. This year, we’ll capture legacy.'' In 2025, communities around the world shared the glow of Ramadan nights and the warmth of collective iftars. In 2026, ''Wiki Loves Ramadan'' is expanding, bringing more stories, more cultures, and deeper global connections across Wikimedia projects. We invite you to explore the ''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026'' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Meta page]] to learn how you can participate and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/Participating communities|sign up]] your community. 📷 ''Photo campaign on '' [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wikimedia Commons]] If you have questions about the project, please refer to the FAQs: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ/|Meta-Wiki]] * [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ|Wikimedia Commons]] ''Early registration for updates is now open via the '''[[m:Special:RegisterForEvent/2710|Event page]]''''' ''Stay connected and receive updates:'' * [https://t.me/WikiLovesRamadan Telegram channel] * [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/wikilovesramadan.lists.wikimedia.org/ Mailing list] We look forward to collaborating with you and your community. '''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 19:45, 16 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29879549 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2026 starts soon == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> ;Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2026 Dear Wiki Community, We are pleased to invite Wikimedia communities, affiliates, and independent contributors to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026]]''' writing competition on your local Wikipedia. The international campaign will run from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and aims to improve coverage of feminism, women’s histories, gender-related topics, and folk culture across Wikipedia projects. ;About the Campaign '''Feminism and Folklore''' is a global writing initiative that complements the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026|Wiki Loves Folklore]]''' photography competition. While Wiki Loves Folklore focuses on visual documentation, this writing campaign addresses the '''gender gap on Wikipedia''' by improving encyclopedic content related to folk culture and marginalized voices. ;What Can Participants Write About? Communities can contribute by creating, expanding, or translating articles related to: * Folk festivals, rituals, and celebrations * Folk dances, music, and traditional performances * Women and queer figures in folklore * Women in mythology and oral traditions * Women warriors, witches, and witch-hunting narratives * Fairy tales, folk stories, and legends * Folk games, sports, and cultural practices Participants may work from curated article lists or generate new article suggestions using campaign tools. ;How to Sign Up as an Organizer Organizers are requested to complete the following steps to register their community: # Create a local project page on your wiki [[:m:Feminism and Folklore/Sample|(see sample)]] # Set up the campaign using the '''CampWiz''' tool # Prepare a local article list and clearly mention: #* Campaign timeline #* Local and international prizes # Request a site notice from local administrators [[:mr:Template:SN-FNF|(see sample)]] # Add your local project page and CampWiz link to the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta project page]]''' ;Campaign Tools The Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced tools to support organizers and participants: * '''Article List Generator by Topic''' – Helps identify articles available on English Wikipedia but missing in your local language Wikipedia. The tool allows customized filters and provides downloadable article lists in CSV and wikitable formats. * '''CampWiz''' – Enables communities to manage writing campaigns effectively, including jury-based evaluation. This will be the third year CampWiz is officially used for Feminism and Folklore. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ Click here to access the tools]''' ;Learn More & Get Support For detailed information about rules, timelines, and prizes, please visit the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 project page]]'''. If you have any questions or need assistance, feel free to reach out via: * '''[[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta talk page]]''' * Email us using details on the contact page. ;Join Us We look forward to your collaboration and coordination in making Feminism and Folklore 2026 a meaningful and impactful campaign for closing gender gaps and enriching folk culture content on Wikipedia. Thank you and best wishes, '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 International Team]]''' ---- ''Stay connected:'' [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> == Invitation to Host Wiki Loves Folklore 2026 in Your Country == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]] Hello everyone, We are delighted to invite Wikimedia affiliates, user groups, and community organizations worldwide to participate in '''Wiki Loves Folklore 2026''', an international initiative dedicated to documenting and celebrating folk culture across the globe. ;About Wiki Loves Folklore '''Wiki Loves Folklore''' is an annual international photography competition hosted on Wikimedia Commons. The campaign runs from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and encourages photographers, cultural enthusiasts, and community members to contribute photographs that highlight: * Folk traditions and rituals * Cultural festivals and celebrations * Traditional attire and crafts * Performing arts, music, and dance * Everyday practices rooted in folk heritage Through this campaign, we aim to preserve and promote diverse folk cultures and make them freely accessible to the world. [[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026|Project page on Wikimedia Commons]] ; Host a Local Edition As we celebrate the '''eight edition''' of Wiki Loves Folklore, we warmly invite communities to organize a local edition in their country or region. Hosting a local campaign is a great opportunity to: * Increase visibility of your region’s folk culture * Engage new contributors in your community * Enrich Wikimedia Commons with high-quality cultural content '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026/Organize|Sign up to organize]]:''' If your team prefers to organize the competition in ''either February or March only'', please feel free to let us know. If you are unable to organize, we encourage you to share this opportunity with other interested groups or organizations in your region. ;Get in Touch If you have any questions, need support, or would like to explore collaboration opportunities, please feel free to contact us via: * The project Talk pages * Email: '''support@wikilovesfolklore.org''' We are also happy to connect via an online meeting if your team would like to discuss planning or coordination in more detail. Warm regards, '''The Wiki Loves Folklore International Team''' </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 13:21, 18 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=29228188 --> == Mapitio ya kila mwaka ya Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Nidhamu na Miongozo ya Utekelezaji == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Ninakuandikia ili kukujulisha kuwa muda wa upitiaji wa kila mwaka wa Kanuni za Maadili na Miongozo ya Utekelezaji umefunguliwa sasa. Unaweza kutoa mapendekezo ya mabadiliko hadi tarehe 9 Februari 2026. Hii ni hatua ya kwanza kati ya kadhaa itakayochukuliwa kwa upitiaji wa kila mwaka. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Soma maelezo zaidi na utafute mazungumzo ya kujiunga kwenye ukurasa wa UCoC kwenye Meta]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Nidhamu]] (U4C) ni kundi la kimataifa linalojitolea kutoa utekelezaji sawa na thabiti wa UCoC. Tathmini hii ya kila mwaka ilipangwa na kutekelezwa na U4C. Kwa maelezo zaidi na majukumu ya U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|unaweza kukagua Mkataba wa U4C]]. Tafadhali washirikishe habari hii washiriki wengine katika jumuiya yako popote inapohitajika. -- Kwa ushirikiano na U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:Mazungumzo ya mtumiaji:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])<section end="announcement-content" /> 21:02, 19 Januari 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29905753 --> == Join the sixth Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia 2026.png|right|250px|thumb|link=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ukraine%27s_Cultural_Diplomacy_Month_2026|Join our campaign!]] {{int:please-translate}} Dear Wikipedians! [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the sixth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''1st April''' until '''30th April 2026'''. The initiative aims to promote knowledge about Ukrainian culture abroad by creating and improving Wikipedia articles in multiple languages. This year marks the sixth edition of the campaign, which will focus on contemporary culture, making today’s artistic voices and practices more visible to international audiences. 🧩'''How to participate?''' Choose an article from the suggested list → Write an article in your language, or improve an existing one according to the rules → Add your contribution to the contest page and calculate your points → Win prizes and receive a certificate of participation → Become a promoter of truthful knowledge about Ukraine. 🧩'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Check our main page for more information]]'''. '''If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest.''' If not, then we encourage you to translate the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|landing page of the contest]] and [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MessageGroupStats?group=Centralnotice-tgroup-UCDM2026banner&messages=&language=en&x=D banner] into your own language. Also, we set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in this challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) 04:35, 1 April 2026 (UTC) </div> (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&oldid=28552112 --> == Action Required: Update templates/modules for electoral maps (Migrating from P1846 to P14226) == Hello everyone, This is a notice regarding an ongoing data migration on Wikidata that may affect your election-related templates and Lua modules (such as <code>Module:Itemgroup/list</code>). '''The Change:'''<br /> Currently, many templates pull electoral maps from Wikidata using the property [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]], combined with the qualifier [[:d:Property:P180|P180]]: [[:d:Q19571328|Q19571328]]. We are migrating this data (across roughly 4,000 items) to a newly created, dedicated property: '''[[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]]'''. '''What You Need To Do:'''<br /> To ensure your templates and infoboxes do not break or lose their maps, please update your local code to fetch data from [[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]] instead of the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] + [[:d:Property:P180|P180]] structure. A [[m:Wikidata/Property Migration: P1846 to P14226/List|list of pages]] was generated using Wikimedia Global Search. '''Deadline:'''<br /> We are temporarily retaining the old data on [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] to allow for a smooth transition. However, to complete the data cleanup on Wikidata, the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] statements will be removed after '''May 1, 2026'''. Please update your modules and templates before this date to prevent any disruption to your wiki's election articles. Let us know if you have any questions or need assistance with the query logic. Thank you for your help! [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] using '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 17:11, 3 Aprili 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29941252 --> == Request for comment (global AI policy) == <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}} A [[:m:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|request for comment]] is currently being held to decide on a global AI policy. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 00:58, 26 Aprili 2026 (UTC) </bdi> (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Codename Noreste@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30424282 --> == Ombi la kuwezesha VisualEditor kwenye kurasa za mradi (Wikipedia Namespace) == Ndugu wanajumuia, Katika kuratibu na kuendesha miradi na kampeni mbalimbali za jamii yetu hapa Swahili Wikipedia (kama vile mashindano, warsha, dashboards, na kurasa za mradi kama `Wikipedia:Mradi wa...`), tumekuwa tukikumbana na changamoto ya kiufundi. Kwa sasa, mfumo wa usarifu wa picha (VisualEditor) haufanyi kazi kwenye maeneo haya ya kurasa za miradi (Project namespace), jambo linalotulazimu kutumia mfumo mgumu wa "Source Editor" (Wiki markup) hata kwa mambo madogo kama kutengeneza majedwali au muundo wa kurasa. Ili kurahisisha kazi kwa waratibu na wahariri wanaotengeneza kurasa hizi za kampeni, nimefungua tiketi kule Phabricator kuomba wataalamu wa Wikimedia Foundation watuwezeshe kutumia VisualEditor kwenye Project namespace ya swwiki. Wataalamu wa Phabricator wametujibu kuwa tayari wako tayari kufanya mabadiliko hayo, lakini kwa sheria za kiutaratibu, wanahitaji kuona Maridhiano ya Jumuia (Community Consensus) hapa uwanjani kwetu kwanza kabla hawajawasha mfumo huo. Wanatutanabahisha pia kuwa VisualEditor haikutengenezwa maalum kwa ajili ya kurasa za majadiliano, hivyo kunaweza kuwa na changamoto ndogo za mpangilio (kama indentations) tukiiitumia kwenye majadiliano ya miradi, jambo ambalo tunaona halitazuia ufanisi wa kazi kubwa ya kuratibu kurasa zenyewe za miradi. Tafadhali naomba kura zenu za Kuunga Mkono (Support) au maoni yenu hapa chini ili tukishapata ridhaa ya pamoja, nipeleke link ya mjadala huu Phabricator na mabadiliko haya yafanyike mara moja. Unaweza kuona tiketi hiyo Phabricator hapa: [[phab:T427117|⚓ T427117 Enable VisualEditor in the Project namespace for Swahili Wikipedia (swwiki)]] Pamoja tunajenga Wikipedia yetu! {{Strong support}}--[[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 09:07, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen|majadiliano]])''' 09:26, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}-- '''[[Mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|Husseyn Issa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|majadiliano]])''' 10:58, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) {{strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 14:16, 24 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:ChriKo|ChriKo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ChriKo|majadiliano]])''' </br>{{Strong support}}-- '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 04:41, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}-- '''[[Mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|Hussein m mmbaga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|majadiliano]])''' 07:38, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' </br>{{Strong support}}--'''--'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 09:18, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC)''' </br>{{Strong support}}-- [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 18:06, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) </br>{{Strong support}}--- '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 19:14, 25 Mei 2026 (UTC) == Piga kura sasa katika uchaguzi wa 2026 U4C == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Wapigakura walaotimiza vigezo na masharti ya kupiga kura wanaombwa kushiriki katika uchaguzi wa 2026 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Kamati ya Kuratibu Kanuni na mwongozo wa Maadili kwa wote]]. Maelezo zaidi ikijumuisha ukaguzi wa ustahiki, maelezo ya mchakato wa kupiga kura, maelezo ya mgombeaji, na kiungo cha kupiga kura zinapatikana kwenye Meta katika [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|2026 ukurasa wa maelezo ya Uchaguzi]]. Kura itafungwa tarehe 2 Juni 2026 kwa [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1780358400 00:00 UTC]. Tafadhali piga kura ikiwa akaunti yako imekidhi vigezo. Matokeo yatatolewa kufikia 14 Juni 2026. -- Kwa kushirikiana na U4C,<section end="announcement-content" /> [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 17:15, 27 Mei 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30513860 --> == RFC about AI-generated content in Wikimedia Commons == <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English, please help translate this message to your language. You are invited to participate in a [[c:Commons:Requests for comment/Policy update for AI content|request for comment on Wikimedia Commons about a policy update for AI content]]. This may affect files that are uploaded to Wikimedia Commons for use on this project. Thank you. [[m:User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] ([[m:User talk:Codename Noreste|majadiliano]])</bdi> 17:11, 23 Juni 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Codename Noreste@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30513860 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Deployment of Legal and Safety Contacts Link in the Footer of Your Wiki</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="Message"/> '''Legal & Safety Contacts''' Hello community, the Wikimedia Foundation has provided a [[wmf:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Wikimedia Foundation Legal and Safety Contact Information|single legal and safety contact page]], to be linked in the footer of your wiki, to ensure access to accurate legal information. This is a regulatory requirement. We have already rolled out links to English, German, Italian, Spanish and other wikis and we will deploy to your wiki soon. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_and_Safety_Contacts_FAQ|Please read more on the project page]] and leave any comments in this thread or on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Legal and Safety Contacts FAQ|talk page]]. <section end="Message"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:30, 25 Juni 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=30731267 --> == Request for comment (the future of Abstract Wikipedia) == <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies if this has not yet been translated into your wiki's language. {{int:Please-translate}} You are invited to voice your opinions in a [[:m:Requests for comment/The future of Abstract Wikipedia|request for comment about the future of Abstract Wikipedia]]. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[:m:User:Kowal2701|Kowal2701]] ([[:m:User talk:Kowal2701|talk]]) 12:25, 24 Julai 2026 (UTC) </bdi> (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Jumuia]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:DreamRimmer@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30513860 --> ps60mjmj4l2l67uvea5by0q0zej3d7g Mfereji 0 18402 1593974 1592770 2026-09-02T09:52:06Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593974 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Waal Laatsch 01.jpg|thumb|200px|Mfereji mdogo wa umwagiliaji nchini Uswisi]] '''Mfereji''' ni njia ya [[maji]] iliyotengenezwa na watu, tofauti na njia asilia za maji kama [[mto|mito]] au [[ziwa|maziwa]]. Kuna aina mbili za mifereji: * mfereji wa kupeleka maji yanapotakiwa, kwa mfano kwa [[umwagiliaji]] wa [[Shamba|mashamba]] * mfereji wa [[usafiri]] kwa [[boti]] au [[meli]] [[File:Canal de la Peyrade, Sète, Hérault 01.jpg|thumb|left]] ==Historia== Mifereji ya kwanza inayojulikana ilitengenezwa zamani za [[Mesopotamia]] ya Kale, [[Misri ya Kale]] au [[Uhindi]] ya Kale kwa umwagiliaji. Mnamo [[mwaka]] [[2300 KK]] [[mfalme]] [[Pepi I]] aliamuru mfereji kuchimbwa kama njia ya usafiri wa kuepukana na [[Maporomoko ya maji|maporomoko]] ya mto [[Naili]] karibu na [[Aswan]]. Mfalme [[Necho II]] wa Misri alianzisha njia ya maji ya kwanza kati ya [[Mediteranea]] na [[Bahari ya Shamu]] kwa kuchimba mfereji kati ya mto Naili na Bahari ya Shamu. Mfereji huo ulikuwa mtangulizi wa [[Mfereji wa Suez]] unaofupisha safari za [[meli]] kati ya [[Ulaya]] na [[Asia]]. ==Mifereji kati ya Bahari== Kati ya mifereji muhimu ya kimataifa kuna [[Mfereji wa Panama]] unaoruhusu kupita kati ya [[Atlantiki]] na [[Pasifiki]] pamoja na [[Mfereji wa Suez]]. Kwa jumla mifereji ya maji ni sehemu muhimu za [[miundombinu]] wa kila nchi ama kama njia za kubeba mizigo kwa meli au kama njia ya kupeleka maji panapohitajika. ==Mifereji barani== Mifereji ni muhimu pia ndani ya nchi nyingi. Kabla ya kupatikana kwa [[reli]] zilikuwa njia nyepesi na ya haraka kusafirisha mizigo kwa [[gharama]] nafuu. * Mfereji Mkuu wa China ulianzishwa mnamo mwaka [[600]] ukaunganisha [[Beijing]] na [[miji]] mikuu kusini mwa China iliyopo kwenye mito [[Yangtze]] na [[Mto Njano]] kwa [[urefu]] wa [[kilomita]] 1700<ref>Donald Langmead (2001). [https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofar0000lang Encyclopedia of Architectural and Engineering Feats]. ABC-CLIO. p. 37. <nowiki>ISBN 978-1-57607-112-0</nowiki>. Iliangaliwa Februari 2021. "the world's largest artificial waterway and oldest canal still in existence"</ref>. Uliruhusu kusafirishwa kwa [[mazao]] na hivyo kuwepo kwa miji mikubwa lakini pia usafiri wa [[wanajeshi]]. * Canal du Midi nchini Ufaransa ilijengwa katika [[karne ya 18]] ikaruhusu usafirishaji wa [[bidhaa]] kati ya [[Atlantiki]] na [[Bahari Mediteranea]] bila kuzunguka [[Hispania]]. * mifereji iliyojengwa [[Uingereza]] na [[Welisi]] katika karne ya 18 na 19 ilikuwa msingi mmojawapo kwa [[mapinduzi ya viwanda]] kwa sababu iliruhusu kupeleka [[makaa mawe]] kwenda viwanda ulipohitajika. Kati ya mifereji mikuwa ya kwanza ilikuwa [[Mfereji wa Bridgewater]] iliyopita juu ya [[mto Irwell]] kwa [[daraja]] halafu ikapita katika [[mlima]] chini ya uso wa ardhi. [[Picha:Pontcysyllte aqueduct arp.jpg|thumb|Daraja la mfereji juu ya mto, [[Uingereza]]]] Leo hii mahali pengi mifereji ya kihistoria imepitwa na wakati ilhali [[reli]] na [[usafiri]] wa [[Barabara|barabarani]] hufikisha bidhaa haraka zaidi na kwa [[bei]] nafuu. Lakini mifereji ya kale siku hizi ni kuvutio cha [[utalii]]: inatumiwa na watu wanaopenda kusafiri kwenye maji. Lakini mifereji inayoweza kubeba meli inaendelea kuwa na maana. Matumizi ya mifereji ya kimataifa yanazidi kuongezeka<ref>Zamorano, Juan; Martinez, Kathia (June 26, 2016). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20160626050451/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/b8495e0dad974d39bf4147f647d2f831/panama-canal-opens-5b-locks-bullish-despite-shipping-woes<nowiki> Panama Canal opens $5B locks, bullish despite shipping woes]". The Big Story. Associated Press. Archived from the original on June 26, 2016. iliangaliwa 9 Machi 2021.</nowiki></ref>. Hata ndani ya nchi usafiri kwa mifereji na mito mikubwa bado ni muhimu kwa bidhaa kama [[mchanga]], [[mawe]], [[kokoto]], [[makaa]] na [[mafuta]]. ==Milango ya mfereji== Changamoto kwa mfereji mara nyingi ni milima na [[mabonde]] kwenye njia yake. [[Wajenzi]] walijifunza tangu siku za Mfereji Mkuu wa China kuvuka mitelemko kwa kutumia [[milango ya mfereji]]. Hapa wanapanga sehemu ambako wanafunga njia ya maji kwa [[geti]] linalofuatwa na nafasi na geti la pili na hivyo kupata chemba baina ya [[Mlango|milango]] miwili. [[Boti]] linaingia katika geti moja linalofungwa tena. Sasa maji yanaingizwa kwenye chemba na maji ndani yake yanapaa pamoja na boti. Mara maji ndani ya chemba yamepaa sawa na sehemu ya juu ya mfereji, mlango wa pili unafunguliwa na boti linaendelea. Kwa njia ya chemba mfululizo boti linaweza kushuka au kuinuliwa; meli kubwa zinazopita Mfereji wa Panama zinapanda na kushuka [[mita]] 26; meli hadi [[tani]] 5,000 kwenye mfereji baina ya [[mto Volga]] na [[Bahari Baltiki]] nchini [[Urusi]] hupanda mita 80 kwa njia ya milango. [[file:Anderten lock locking time lapse animation Anderten Hannover Germany.webm|mini|hochkant=1.2|Kupita kwenye mlango wa mfereji pale Anderten, Ujerumani]] ==Tanbihi== {{marejeo}} ==Viungo vya Nje== {{Commons category}} {{EB1911 poster|Canal}} {{Wikiquote}} * [http://www.waterscape.com/ British Waterways' leisure website – Britain's official guide to canals, rivers and lakes] * [http://www.towpathtreks.co.uk/ Leeds Liverpool Canal Photographic Guide] * [http://www.nycanals.com/ {{Wayback|url=http://www.nycanals.com/ |date=20080724103315 }} Information and Boater's Guide to the New York State Canal System] {{Wayback|url=http://www.nycanals.com/ |date=20080724103315 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110719194715/http://academic.emporia.edu/aberjame/wetland/canal/canals.htm "Canals and Navigable Rivers" by James S. Aber, Emporia State University] * [http://www.canals.org/ National Canal Museum (USA)] * [http://www.canalmuseum.org.uk/ London Canal Museum (UK)] * [http://www.world-city-photos.org/Amsterdam/photos/Canals_and_Bridges/ {{Wayback|url=http://www.world-city-photos.org/Amsterdam/photos/Canals_and_Bridges/ |date=20080914101104 }} Canals in Amsterdam] {{Wayback|url=http://www.world-city-photos.org/Amsterdam/photos/Canals_and_Bridges/ |date=20080914101104 }} * [http://www.canaldumidi.com Canal du Midi] {{Wayback|url=http://www.canaldumidi.com/ |date=20080922170409 }} * [http://www.canaldumidi.com/Canal-des-Deux-Mers.php Canal des Deux Mers] {{Wayback|url=http://www.canaldumidi.com/Canal-des-Deux-Mers.php |date=20080922170409 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070717234045/http://www.usbr.gov/pmts/hydraulics_lab/water/bubbler/index.htm Canal flow measurement using a sensor]. [[Jamii:Majengo]] [[Jamii:Usafiri wa maji]] j7d2kbsp8ujow0ua2hprijln8dg4dxr Galula 0 19944 1593865 1500527 2026-09-01T12:44:57Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593865 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Galula''' ni [[kata]] ya [[Wilaya ya Songwe]] katika [[Mkoa wa Songwe]], [[Tanzania]]. [[Msimbo wa posta]] ni 53831. Galula iko kwenye [[Mto Songwe (Songwe)|Mto Songwe]], [[umbali]] wa takriban [[kilomita]] 18 kutoka [[Ziwa Rukwa]] upande wa [[kusini]]-[[mashariki]]. Katika [[sensa]] ya [[mwaka]] [[2022]] wakazi wa kata walihesabiwa kuwa 10,076 <ref>https://www.nbs.go.tz, uk 233 </ref>. Kwa mujibu wa [[sensa]] iliyofanyika [[mwaka]] wa [[2012]], kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao 8,440 <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.meac.go.tz/sites/default/files/Statistics/Tanzania%20Population%20Census%202012.pdf |title=Sensa ya 2012, Mbeya - Chunya DC |accessdate=2016-05-29 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040102080416/http://www.meac.go.tz/sites/default/files/Statistics/Tanzania%20Population%20Census%202012.pdf |archivedate=2004-01-02 }}</ref> walioishi humo. [[Tabaka]] la [[mwamba]] linaloenea kutoka upande wa kusini wa [[Ziwa Rukwa]] hadi karibu na [[Ziwa Nyassa]] linaitwa "Tabaka la Galula" (kwa [[Kiingereza]] ''[[:en:Galula formation|Galula formation]]''). Ndani ya tabaka hilo [[visukuku]] vingi vimepatikana pamoja na [[mifupa]] ya [[dinosauri]] wawili, [[Rukwatitan bisepultus]]<ref>[https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02724634.2014.845568 The basal titanosaurian [[Rukwatitan bisepultus]] (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) from the middle Cretaceous Galula Formation, Rukwa Rift Basin, southwestern Tanzania], Eric Gorscak, Patrick M. O'Connor, Nancy J. Stevens & Eric M. Roberts kwenye Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology Volume 34, 2014 - Issue 5</ref> na [[Mnyamawamtuka moyowamkia]] <ref>[https://www.ohio.edu/ucm/media/news-story.cfm?newsItem=124D4BAF-5056-A874-1DD0D9B064353E99 New dinosaur with heart-shaped tail provides evolutionary clues for African continent] {{Wayback|url=https://www.ohio.edu/ucm/media/news-story.cfm?newsItem=124D4BAF-5056-A874-1DD0D9B064353E99 |date=20190214080222 }}, tovuti ca Chuo Kikuu cha Ohio, tar 13 Februari 2019</ref>. ==Marejeo== {{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Songwe}} {{mbegu-jio-songwe}} [[Jamii:Wilaya ya Songwe]] [[Jamii:Kata za Mkoa wa Songwe]] hziuotp5y1wykbvpjvm94hzuq2t4rfn Kayseri 0 23926 1593928 1359913 2026-09-01T23:54:49Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593928 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha: City_of_Kayseri.png|thumb|Juu: Uwanja wa Kadir Has, wa pili kushoto: Sivas Avenue, 2 kulia: Sanamu ya Atatürk na kuta za jiji la Kayseri nyuma, 3: Tekin wilaya ya biashara na Oto Park, Chini kushoto: Kayseri Castle usiku, kulia chini: Kayseray.]] [[Picha:Kayseri districts.png|thumb|300px|right|Metropolitan ya Wilaya za Kayseri.]] '''Kayseri''' ni [[mji]] uliopo katikati ya nchi ya [[Uturuki]]. Mji huu wa Kayseri umezoeleka kuitwa Mazaka au Kaisareia. Huu ni mji mkuu wa [[Mkoa wa Kayseri]] na unakadiriwa kuwa na lundiko la watu takriban [[milioni]] 1. Mji upo [[mita]] 1,050 juu ya [[usawa wa bahari]]. == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.skimountaineer.com/ROF/Beyond/Erciyes/Erciyes.jpg Picture of Mount Erciyes]{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{Miji ya Uturuki}} {{mbegu-jio-Uturuki}} [[Jamii:Miji ya Uturuki]] 5takpix8oh3f7jtnmql7s5i7gggyh4o Janani Luwum 0 56075 1593909 1593468 2026-09-01T19:52:01Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593909 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Luwum.jpg|thumb|Picha halisi ya Askofu Janani Luwum wa Kanisa la Anglikana la Uganda aliyeuawa na [[Idi Amin]].]] [[Picha:WestminsterAbbey-Martyrs.jpg|thumb|200px|right|[[Sanamu]] ya Janani Luwum (kulia) pamoja na mashahidi wengine wa Kikristo wa karne ya 20 kwenye [[ukuta]] wa mbele wa kanisa la [[Westminster]], [[Uingereza]].]] [[Picha:Akofu Luwum.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Sanamu ya Askofu Janani Luwum kwa ukubwa zaidi.]] '''Janani Jakaliya Luwum''' ([[1922]] - [[16 Februari]] [[1977]]) alikuwa [[askofu mkuu]] wa [[Kanisa Anglikana]] la [[Uganda]] kati ya miaka [[1974]] na 1977. Alihesabiwa kuwa kati ya viongozi muhimu wa [[Kanisa]] la kikristo katika [[Afrika]]. Mwaka 1977 aliuawa ama na [[Idi Amin]] mwenyewe au kwa [[amri]] yake. Anaheshimiwa na [[Waanglikana]] kama [[mtakatifu]] [[mfiadini]]. [[Sikukuu]] yake huadhimishwa tarehe [[17 Februari]]. [[Sanamu]] yake iko kati ya zile za wafiadini wa [[karne ya 20]] katika [[ukuta]] wa mbele wa [[Abasia]] ya [[Westminster]], [[London]]. ==Maisha== Luwum alizaliwa [[Wilaya ya Kitgum]] kaskazini mwa Uganda katika [[familia]] ya [[Waacholi]]. Akasoma [[shule ya sekondari]] na [[chuo cha ualimu]] akawa [[mwalimu]] wa [[shule ya msingi]]. Mwaka [[1948]] akawa [[Mkristo]] akaendelea kusomea [[uchungaji]]. Alikuwa [[shemasi|dikoni]] mwaka [[1953]], [[Upadrisho|akapadrishwa]] mwaka 1954 akihudumia kanisa lake katika [[dayosisi]] za Upper Nile na baadaye [[Mbale]]. Mwaka [[1969]] alichaguliwa kuwa askofu wa dayosisi ya Gulu katika Uganda kaskazini. Baada ya miaka 5 akawa askofu mkuu wa jimbo la Kanisa Anglikana katika Uganda, [[Rwanda]], [[Burundi]] na Boga-Zaire akiwa [[Mwafrika]] wa pili aliyeshika nafasi hiyo mwaka 1974. ==[[Kifodini]]== Luwum alikuwa askofu mkuu wakati wa [[utawala]] wa ki[[dikteta]] wa Idi Amin aliyetwaa [[urais]] wa Uganda tangu mwaka [[1971]]. Mwaka 1977 Luwum alipinga wazi matendo ya [[serikali]] iliyozidi kuwakamata na kuua wananchi ovyo. Amin alikasirika akamshutumu Luwum kuwa [[msaliti]]. Kosa lake lilikuwa kwamba hakunyamazia maovu, akiandika [[barua]] pamoja na viongozi wengine wa Kanisa kwa rais huyo kulaumu matendo mabaya ya wanajeshi wa serikali waliowatesa wananchi. Alijua [[hatari]], lakini aliona ni [[wajibu]] wake kuwalinda Wakristo wake. Tarehe 16 Februari 1977 Luwum alikamatwa pamoja na ma[[waziri]] 2. Wakamatwa walipelekwa mbele ya mkutano mkubwa mjini [[Kampala]] walipoonyeshwa mbele ya wananchi kama wasaliti waliotaka kumpindua Amin na kumrudisha rais wa awali [[Milton Obote]]. Siku iliyofuata [[Redio Uganda]] ilileta tangazo kuwa wote watatu walikufa katika [[ajali]] ya [[gari]] walipojaribu kumshika [[dereva]] katika jaribio la kukimbia. Lakini wakati wa [[mazishi]] ya Luwum ilionekana ya kwamba [[mwili]] wake ulitobolewa na [[risasi]]. [[Henry Kyemba]] aliyekuwa [[waziri wa afya]] chini ya Amin aliandika baadaye "Askofu mkuu alipigwa risasi [[mdomo|mdomoni]] na mara tatu [[kifua|kifuani]]". Mashahidi waliokuja mbele baada ya utawala wa Amin walisema ya kwamba wafungwa walipelekwa kwenye [[kambi la kijeshi]] walipopigwa na kuuawa. Wengine walisema ni Amin mwenyewe aliyepiga risasi, lakini wengine hawakukubali. Luwum aliacha na [[mjane]] Mary Lawinyo Luwum na [[watoto]] 9. Askofu Luwum anakumbukwa mpaka leo kama shahidi wa imani, yupo katika mfuatano wa mashahidi wengi tangu mwanzo wa Ukristo. Kifo chake kilisikitisha sana. Lakini vilevile kiliwapa Wakristo moyo wa kutonyamaza mbele ya uongo na maovu<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Why Uganda declared February 16 Archbishop Janani Luwum Public Holiday|url=https://www.newvision.co.ugnull/|work=New Vision|accessdate=2026-08-29|author=Vision Reporter}}{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Tazama pia== * [[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Mabradha wa Shule za Kikristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waaugustino]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabazili]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabenedikto]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wadominiko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wajesuiti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakarmeli]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakolumbani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wamersedari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waoratori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapasionisti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapremontree]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waredentori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wasalesiani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waskolopi]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wateatini]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watrinitari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watumishi wa Maria]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wavinsenti]] ==Tanbihi== {{marejeo}} == Viungo vya nje == * [http://justus.anglican.org/resources/bio/101.html Maisha yake] * [https://dacb.org/stories/uganda/luwum-janani/] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1922]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1977]] [[Jamii:Maaskofu]] [[Jamii:Waanglikana]] [[Jamii:Wafiadini Wakristo]] [[Jamii:Watakatifu wa Uganda]] 222p6ue5dew81re6bg9cf1ootcgl95b Hildegarda wa Bingen 0 66213 1593899 1589580 2026-09-01T17:16:53Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593899 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Engraving; German abbess and physician Hildegard von Bingen Wellcome L0005783.jpg|thumb|300px]] [[Image:Hildegard_von_Bingen.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Hildegarda akipata [[njozi]] na kumsimulia [[karani]] wake.]] '''Hildegarda wa Bingen, [[O.S.B.]]''' (kwa [[Kijerumani]] Hildegard von Bingen; kwa [[Kilatini]] Hildegardis Bingensis; [[Bermersheim vor der Höhe]], [[Rhineland]], [[Dola Takatifu la Kiroma]], [[1098]] hivi <ref>Maddocks, Fiona. ''Hildegard of Bingen: The Woman of Her Age'' (New York: Doubleday, 2001), 9.</ref> - [[Bingen am Rhein]], [[17 Septemba]] [[1179]]).<ref>Bennett, Judith M. and Hollister, Warren C. ''Medieval Europe: A Short History'' (New York: McGraw-Hill, 2001), 317.</ref> alikuwa [[bikira]] [[mmonaki]], [[mwanafalsafa]] na [[mtunzi]] wa [[Kitabu|vitabu]] vya aina mbalimbali kutoka [[Ujerumani]] wa leo. [[Mtaalamu]] wa [[sayansi]], [[tiba]] na [[muziki]], aliandika hasa juu ya [[njozi]] alizojaliwa <ref>https://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/70550</ref>. Toka zamani [[abesi]] huyo anaheshimiwa na [[Kanisa Katoliki]], halafu na [[Waanglikana]] na [[Walutheri]] kama [[mtakatifu]]. [[Papa Benedikto XVI]] alithibitisha [[utakatifu]] wake tarehe [[10 Mei]] [[2012]] na kumtangaza [[mwalimu wa Kanisa]] tarehe [[7 Oktoba]] 2012.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.uscatholic.org/news/2012/05/pope-recognizes-hildegard-saint-advances-causes-us-bishop-nun |title=Catholic News Service |accessdate=2012-08-08 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305045630/http://www.uscatholic.org/news/2012/05/pope-recognizes-hildegard-saint-advances-causes-us-bishop-nun |archivedate=2016-03-05 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.catholicculture.org/news/headlines/index.cfm?storyid=14287 Vatican newspaper explains 'equivalent canonization' of St Hildegard of Bingen]</ref> [[Sikukuu]] yake huadhimishwa kila mwaka tarehe [[17 Septemba]]<ref>[[Martyrologium Romanum]]</ref>. ==Maisha== Hildegarda alizaliwa Bermersheim vor der Höhe, Rhineland, 1098 hivi, na Hildebert na Mekthilde katika [[familia]] tajiri ya kisharifu kama mtoto wa kumi, mgonjwa tangu mwanzo.<ref>Maddocks, Fiona. ''Hildegard of Bingen: The Woman of Her Age'' (New York: Doubleday, 2001), 17.</ref> Katika kitabu chake ''Maisha'', Hildegarda anasimulia kwamba alianza kupata [[njozi]] akiwa na miaka 3 tu, na kwamba alipofikia miaka 5 alianza kutambua ni [[karama]] kutoka kwa [[Mungu]].<ref name="Ruether, Rosemary Radford 2002">Ruether, Rosemary Radford. ''Visionary Women'' (Minneapolis: Augsburg Fotress, 2002), 7.</ref><ref>Underhill, Evelyn. ''Mystics of the Church'' (Pennsylvania: Morehouse Publishing, 1925), 77.</ref> Labda kwa sababu hiyo wazazi wake walimtoa kwa [[Mungu]] akiwa na umri wa miaka 8, amtumikie utawani kulingana na [[Kanuni ya Mt. Benedikto]], wakamweka kwa [[malezi]] ya kiutu na ya Kikristo kwanza chini ya [[Uda wa Gölklheim]], [[mjane]] aliyewekwa [[wakfu]], halafu chini ya [[Jutta wa Sponheim]], aliyekwisha kuvikwa [[shela]] katika [[monasteri]] changa ya wanawake Wabenedikto.<ref>Newman, Barbara. ''Voice of the Living Light'' (California: University of California Press, 1998), 53.</ref><ref>Michael McGrade, "Hildegard von Bingen", in ''Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart: allgemeine Enzyklopaldie der Musik,'' 2nd edition, T.2, Vol. 8, ed. Ludwig Fischer (Kassel and New York: Bahrenreiter, 1994).</ref> Hakuna kumbukumbu za miaka 24 aliyoishi na Jutta.<ref>Reed-Jones, Carol. ''Hildegard of Bingen: Women of Vision'' (Washington: Paper Crane Press, 2004), 8.</ref> Kwa vyovyote, walikuwa wamejifungia huko [[Disibodenberg]], katika [[msitu]] wa [[Rhine-Palatino|Palatino]]. Jutta pia alikuwa na njozi, jambo lililovutia wengi kumtembelea. Jutta alimfundisha kusoma na kuandika, lakini hakuweza kumsaidia katika ufafanuzi wa [[Biblia]].<ref>Ruether, Rosemary Radford. ''Visionary Women'' (Minneapolis: Augsburg Fotress, 2002), 6.</ref> Inawezekana kuwa wakati huo ndio alipojifunza [[muziki]] na kuanza [[utunzi]] wake.<ref>Reed-Jones, Carol. ''Hildegard of Bingen: Women of Vision'' (Washington: Paper Crane Press, 2004), 6.</ref>Hildegarda alivikwa kimonaki na [[askofu]] [[Oto wa Bamberg]] akaweka [[nadhiri]] mwaka [[1115]]. Baada ya Jutta kufariki mwaka [[1136]], Hildegarda alichaguliwa na wamonaki wenzake kwa [[kauli moja]] kushika nafasi yake kama "magistra" (yaani mwalimu na kiongozi) wa [[jumuia]] yao ya kike.<ref>Furlong, Monica. ''Visions and Longings: Medieval Women Mystics'' (Massachusetts: Shambhala Publications, 1996), 84.</ref> Hapo alitimiza kazi yake kwa kutumia [[vipawa]] vyake kama mwanamke mwenye [[elimu]] na [[maisha ya Kiroho]] ya hali ya juu, akikabili vema ma[[jukumu]] ya [[uongozi]]. Alilenga hali bora [[jumuia]]ni kwa [[busara]] na [[kiasi]] inavyodaiwa na Kanuni ya Mt. Benedikto. Baada ya miaka michache, kutokana pia na wingi wa miito iliyojitokeza kujiunga naye, alimuomba [[Abati Kuno wa Disibodenberg]] aweze kuhamia hali ya kifukara zaidi huko [[Rupertsberg]].<ref>Furlong, Monica. ''Visions and Longings: Medieval Women Mystics'' (Massachusetts: Shambhala Publications, 1996), 85.</ref> Alipokataliwa, alimkimbilia [[Askofu mkuu]] Henry I wa [[Mainz]]: hatimaye akakubaliwa na abati<ref>McGrade, "Hildegard", ''MGG.''</ref> akahamia na wenzake 20 hivi katika [[monasteri]] ya Rupertsberg mwaka [[1150]], ambapo [[paroko]] mmonaki [[Volmar]] akawa [[muungamishi]] na pia [[karani]] wake pamoja na [[sista]] [[Richardis wa Strade]]. Mwaka [[1165]] Hildegarda alianzisha monasteri nyingine huko [[Eibingen]], upande wa pili wa [[mto Rhine]], akawa abesi wa zote mbili na kustawisha hasa maisha ya pamoja, elimu na [[liturujia]]. Alichochea watawa washindane katika kupeana [[heshima]], kutumikiana na kutenda mema. ==Njozi== Ingawa Hildegarda alisema haiwezekani kuyasimulia aliyojaliwa kujua kwa mwanga wa Mungu kupitia [[hisi]] zake<ref>Schipperges, Heinrich. ''Hildegard of Bingen: Healing and the Nature of the Cosmos'' (New Jersey: Markus Wiener Publishers, 1997), 10.</ref> na alisita kuyashirikisha<ref>Maddocks, Fiona. ''Hildegard of Bingen: The Woman of Her Age'' (New York: Doubleday, 2001), 55.</ref> mwaka [[1141]], akiwa na miaka 42, alisadiki Mungu amemuagiza ayaandike yote.<ref>Ruether, Rosemary Radford. ''Visionary Women'' (Minneapolis: Augsburg Fotress, 2002), 8.</ref> Hata hivyo aliendelea kusita<ref>Hildegard von Bingen, ''Scivias,'' trans. by Columba Hart and Jane Bishop with an Introduction by Barbara J. Newman, and Preface by Caroline Walker Bynum (New York: Paulist Press, 1990) 60–61.</ref>akitamani uthibitisho wa watu wenye [[hekima]] kwa kuogopa amedanganyika. Alipoomba [[shauri]] la Mt. [[Bernardo wa Clairvaux]], alimuandikia: “[[Njozi]] inateka [[nafsi]] yangu yote: siioni kwa macho ya [[mwili]] bali inanitokea katika roho ya mafumbo… Natambua maana ya dhati ya maneno ya [[Zaburi]], ya [[Injili]] na ya vitabu vingine, kama nilivyoonyeshwa katika njozi. Hiyo inawasha kama [[mwali]] wa [[moto]] katika [[kifua]] changu na katika roho yangu na inanifundisha kuelewa [[matini]] kwa dhati”. Alijibiwa kwamba asijali sana njozi, ila aendelee kutenda mema kwa bidii. Kitabu cha ''[[Maisha]]'' yake kilianza kuandikwa na Godfrey wa Disibodenberg chini ya usimamizi wa Hildegarda. Kati ya Novemba [[1147]] na Februari [[1148]], wakati wa [[Sinodi]] ya [[Trier]], [[Papa Eugenio III]] alipata habari za maandishi hayo akayathibitisha kuwa mafunuo ya [[Roho Mtakatifu]], akimruhusu kuandika njozi zake na hata kuhubiri hadharani, tofauti na kawaida ya wanawake wa wakati ule. Tangu hapo alizidi kuheshimiwa akaitwa “[[nabii]] wa kike wa Kijerumani”. Kwa [[mamlaka]] ya kiroho aliyopewa tena na [[Papa Adrian IV]] na [[Papa Aleksanda III]], miaka yake ya mwisho alisafiri sana ili kusema na [[taifa la Mungu]], bila kujali [[uzee]] wake na ugumu wa safari. Katika nyanja za miji na katika makanisa makuu, kama vile ya [[Koln]], [[Trier]], [[Liège]], [[Mainz]], [[Metz]], [[Bamberg]] na [[Würzburg]], wote walimsikiliza kwa makini, hata alipozungumza kwa [[ukali]], kwa kuwa waliamini ni [[mjumbe]] wa [[Mungu]]. Watu wengi wa kila aina, wakiwemo maaskofu, ma[[abati]] na watawala, walimuomba shauri. Ndiyo sababu tuna [[barua]] zake nyingi, karibu 400. Humo tunashuhudia alivyozingatia matukio ya wakati ule, akiyafafanua kwa [[mwanga]] wa [[fumbo]] la Mungu. [[Kaisari Fredrick I]] aliposababisha [[farakano]] ndani ya Kanisa kwa kukubali Ma[[antipapa]] walau watatu dhidi ya Papa Aleksanda III, Hildegarda hakusita kumuandikia alichosikia katika njozi: “Utajutia mwenendo huo mwovu kama wa mtu asiye na Mungu na anayenidharau! Sikiliza, ee [[Mfalme]], ukitaka kuishi! La sivyo [[upanga]] wangu utakuchoma”. Zimetunzwa hotuba 58 alizozitoa kwa masista wenzake kama ufafanuzi wa Injili ambazo zilitumika katika [[sikukuu]] za [[mwaka wa liturujia]]. Nje ya monasteri alijitahidi kuimarisha imani na maisha ya Kikristo. Alihimiza hasa wamonaki na [[wakleri]] kuishi inavyodaiwa na [[wito]] wao, lakini alipinga sana [[Wakatari]] waliotaka [[urekebisho]] mkali wa Kanisa. Aliwalaumu kwa kujaribu kupindua [[umbile]] halisi la Kanisa akawakumbusha kwamba urekebisho halisi unategemea roho nyofu ya [[toba]] na mchakato mgumu wa [[wongofu]] kuliko mabadiliko ya miundo tu. Maandishi yake yalitokana hasa na [[mang’amuzi]] yake ya juu katika [[sala]], hivyo yanajitokeza kwa udhati, [[usahihi]] na upekee wa mitazamo. Kwa kutumia mawazo na maneno ya [[mazingira]] yake, na zaidi [[lugha]] ya kishairi na ya kifumbo, alifafanua Maandiko matakatifu kwa mwanga wa Mungu na kuhusiana na maisha yalivyo. Ndiyo sababu wale wote waliomsikiliza walijisikia haja ya kuishi Kikristo kweli. Njozi zake zina maana kubwa upande wa [[teolojia]], zikihusu matukio makuu ya [[historia ya wokovu]] na kufanana na zile za manabii wa [[Agano la Kale]]. Kwa mfano, kitabu chake maarufu zaidi, “Scivias” (yaani “Zijue Njia”), njozi 35 zinajumlisha habari za kuanzia [[uumbaji]] wa [[ulimwengu]] hadi [[mwisho wa nyakati]]. Kwa [[hisia]] yake ya kike Hildegarda katika kiini cha kitabu chake anafafanua [[ndoa]] ya fumbo kati ya Mungu na [[binadamu]] iliyofanyika katika [[umwilisho[[. Juu ya [[msalaba]] iliadhimishwa [[arusi]] ya [[Mwana wa Mungu]] na Kanisa lililojazwa [[neema]] ili liweze kuzaa watoto wa Mungu wengine katika upendo wa Roho Mtakatifu. Vitabu vingine viwili vinaripoti pia njozi zake: “Kitabu cha Stahili za Maisha” na “Kitabu cha Kazi za Mungu”, ambacho wengi wanakiona kuwa bora kuliko vyote. Akiwa [[msanii]], alitunga tenzi, [[antifona]] na nyimbo ambazo zilikusanywa kwa jina la “Muziki wa Ulinganifu wa Mafunuo ya Kimbingu” na kutumika kwa [[furaha]] monasterini, zikieneza hali ya [[utulivu]]. Maandishi yake mengine, yakizungumzia hata [[utabibu]], [[sayansi]] na [[isimu]], yanaonyesha wingi wa [[elimu]] uliokuwemo katika monasteri ya kike ya [[Karne za Kati]], nayo yaliathiri watu wengi, yakichangia [[upyaisho]] wa teolojia, liturujia, sayansi na [[muziki]]. Hakuna mwanamke wa Karne za Kati anayeweza kushindana naye kwa wingi na ubora wa maandishi wala kwa upana wa mada alizozijadili. Tena ndani mwake mafundisho na maisha yalilingana kabisa. Akilenga kutimiza [[matakwa ya Mungu]] nyuma ya [[Kristo]], alitekeleza [[maadili]] yote mfululizo na kwa [[bidii]], akitegemezwa na vitabu vya [[Biblia]], liturujia na Ma[[babu wa Kanisa]] awe [[mali]] ya Bwana tu kadiri ya Kanuni ya Mt. Benedikto. Masista wenzake waliomzunguka alipofariki Bingen am Rhein tarehe 17 Septemba 1179, walisema kuwa waliona miali miwili ya mwanga kutoka angani na kupitia [[chumba]] chake. Mwanamke huyo anazidi kusema leo kwa [[upendo]] wake kwa Kristo na kwa Kanisa (ambalo hata wakati wake alijeruhiwa na [[dhambi]] za watoto wake), kwa [[ujasiri]] wake katika kutambua [[ishara za nyakati]], kwa jinsi alivyopenda viumbe, kwa utabibu wake na kwa [[sanaa]] zake. ==Filamu juu yake == * [[Patricia Routledge]], "Hildegard Von Bingen In Portrait: Ordo Virtutum." * [[Margarethe von Trotta]], "Vision - From the Life of Hildegard von Bingen" ==Tazama pia== * [[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Mabradha wa Shule za Kikristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waaugustino]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabazili]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabenedikto]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wadominiko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wajesuiti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakarmeli]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakolumbani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wamersedari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waoratori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapasionisti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapremontree]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waredentori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wasalesiani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waskolopi]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wateatini]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watrinitari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watumishi wa Maria]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wavinsenti]] ==Tanbihi== {{Marejeo}} ==Vyanzo vikuu== ===Maandishi yake=== *Hildegardis Bingensis, ''Opera minora''. edited by H. Feiss, C. Evans, B. M. Kienzle, C. Muessig, B. Newman, P. Dronke, Corpus Christianorum Continuatio Mediaevalis CCCM 226 (Turnhout: Brepols, 2007), ISBN 978-2-503-05261-8 *Wiesbaden, Hessische Landesbibliothek, Hs. 2 (Riesen Codex) or [[Wiesbaden Codex]] (ca. 1180–85) *Dendermonde, Belgium, St.-Pieters-&-Paulusabdij Cod. 9 (Villarenser codex) (ca. 1174/75) *Otto Müller Verlag Salzburg 1969: Hildegard von Bingen: Lieder (modern edition in adapted square notation) *München, University Library, MS2∞156 *Leipzig, University Library, St. Thomas 371 *Paris, Bibl. Nat. MS 1139 *Beate Hildegardis Cause et cure, edidit L. Moulinier, Berlin, Akademie Verlag, 2003, CXVII + 384 p. *Hildegardis Bingensis, ''Epistolarium pars prima I-XC'' edited by L. Van Acker, [[Corpus Christianorum]] Continuatio Mediaevalis CCCM 91A (Turnhout: Brepols, 1991) *Hildegardis Bingensis, ''Epistolarium pars secunda XCI-CCLr'' edited by L. Van Acker, Corpus Christianorum Continuatio Mediaevalis CCCM 91A (Turnhout: Brepols, 1993) *Hildegardis Bingensis, ''Epistolarium pars tertia CCLI-CCCXC'' edited by L. Van Acker and M. Klaes-Hachmoller, Corpus Christianorum Continuatio Mediaevalis XCIB (Turnhout: Brepols, 2001) *Hildegardis Bingensis, ''Scivias''. A. Führkötter, A. Carlevaris eds., Corpus Christianorum Scholars Version vols. 43, 43A. (Turnhout: Brepols, 2003) *Hildegardis Bingensis, ''Liber vitae meritorum''. A. Carlevaris ed. Corpus Christianorum Continuatio Mediaevalis CCCM 90 (Turnhout: Brepols, 1995) *Hildegardis Bingensis, ''Liber divinorum operum''. A. Derolez and P. Dronke eds., Corpus Christianorum Continuatio Mediaevalis CCCM 92 (Turnhout: Brepols, 1996) *Hildegard of Bingen, ''Two Hagiographies: Vita sancti Rupperti confessoris, Vita sancti Dysibodi episcopi,'' ed. and trans. Hugh Feiss & Christopher P. Evans, [[Dallas Medieval Texts and Translations]] 11 (Louvain and Paris: Peeters, 2010) ===Vyanzo vingine=== *Friedrich Wilhelm Emil Roth, "Glossae Hildigardis", in: Elias Steinmeyer and Eduard Sievers eds., ''Die Althochdeutschen Glossen'', vol. III. Zürich: Wiedmann, 1895, 1965, pp.&nbsp;390–404. *''Analecta Sanctae Hildegardis, in Analecta Sacra'' vol. 8 edited by [[Jean-Baptiste Pitra]] (Monte Cassino, 1882). *[[Patrologia Latina]] vol. 197 (1855). *Explanatio [[Rule of St Benedict|Regulae S. Benedicti]] *Explanatio Symboli [[Saint Athanasius|S. Athanasii]] *[[homily|Homeliae]] LVIII in Evangelia. *Hymnodia coelestis. *[[Lingua Ignota|Ignota lingua]], cum versione Latina *Liber divinorum operum simplicis hominis (1163-73/74) *Liber vitae meritorum (1158–63) *Libri simplicis et compositae medicinae. *Physica, sive Subtilitatum diversarum naturarum creaturarum libri novem *[[Scivias]] seu Visiones (1141–51) *Solutiones triginta octo quaestionum *Tractatus de sacramento altaris. {{EndMultiCol}} ==Marejeo ya Kiswahili== * John Kabeya na wengine - Maisha ya Watakatifu – ed. T.M.P. Book Department – Tabora 1965, 1989, uk. 326-327 == Marejeo ya lugha nyingine== {{Refbegin}} *Baird, Joseph L and Ehrman, Radd K. The Letters of Hildegard of Bingen. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004. *Bent, Ian D. and Marianne Pfau. “Hildegard of Bingen.” ''The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians'', 2nd edition, Volume 11. Edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrell. New York: Grove, 2001.<!--Not clear whether or not or how this source has been used in the body of article.--> *Bennett, Judith M. and C. Warren Hollister. Medieval Europe: A Short History. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2006. 289, 317. *Boyce-Tillman, Juni. “Hildegard of Bingen at 900: The Eye of a Woman.” ''The Musical Times'' 139, no. 1865 (Winter, 1998): 31–36. *Butcher, Carmen Acevedo. Hildegard of Bingen: A Spiritual Reader. Massachusetts: Paraclete Press, 2007. *Davidson, Audrey Ekdahl. “Music and Performance: Hildegard of Bingen’s Ordo Virtutum.” ''The Ordo Virtutum of Hildegard of Bingen: Critical Studies''. Kalamazoo, MI: Western Michigan University, 1992. *Dietrich, Julia. “The Visionary Rhetoric of Hildegard of Bingen.” Listening to Their Voices: The Rhetorical Activities of Historic Women. Ed. Molly Meijer Wertheimer. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1997. 202–214. *Fassler, Margot. “Composer and Dramatist: ‘Melodious Singing and the Freshness of Remorse.’” ''Voice of the Living Light: Hildegard of Bingen and Her World''. Edited by Barbara Newman. Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London: University of California Press, 1998. *Flanagan, Sabina. Hildegard of Bingen, 1098–1179: a visionary life. London: Routledge, 1989. *Fox, Matthew. Illuminations of Hildegard of Bingen. New Mexico: Bear and Company, 1985. *Furlong, Monica. Visions and Longings: Medieval Women Mystics. Massachusetts: Shambhala Publications, 1996. *Glaze, Florence Eliza. “Medical Writer: ‘Behold the Human Creature.’” ''Voice of the Living Light: Hildegard of Bingen and Her World''. Edited by Barbara Newman. Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London: University of California Press, 1998. *Hildegard of Bingen. ''Book of Divine Works of Hildegard of Bingen''. Trans. by Priscilla Throop. Charlotte, VT: MedievalMS, 2009. *________. ''Causae et Curae (Holistic Healing)''. Trans. by Manfred Pawlik and Patrick Madigan. Edited by Mary Palmquist and John Kulas. Collegeville, MN: Liturgical Press, Inc., 1994. *________. ''Causes and Cures of Hildegard of Bingen''. Trans. by Priscilla Throop. Charlotte, VT: MedievalMS, 2006, 2008. *________. ''The Letters of Hildegard of Bingen''. Trans. by Joseph L. Baird and Radd K. Ehrman. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994/1998. *________. ''Physica''. Trans. Priscilla Throop. Rochester Vermont: Healing Arts Press, 1998. *________. ''Scivias''. Trans. by Columba Hart and Jane Bishop. Introduction by Barbara J. Newman. Preface by Caroline Walker Bynum. New York: Paulist Press, 1990. *________. ''Three Lives and a Rule: the Lives of Hildegard, Disibod, Rupert, with Hildegard’s Explanation of the Rule of St. Benedict''. Trans. by Priscilla Throop. Charlotte, VT: MedievalMS, 2010. *Holsinger, Bruce W. Music, Body, and Desire In Medieval Culture. California: Standford University Press, 2001. *Holsinger, Bruce. “The Flesh of the Voice: Embodiment and the Homoerotics of Devotion in the Music of Hildegard of Bingen (1098–1179).” Signs:Journal of Women in Culture and Society 19 (Autumn, 1993): 92–125. *King-Lenzmeier, Anne. Hildegard of Bingen: an integrated version. Minnesota: The Liturgical Press, 2001. *Maddocks, Fiona. Hildegard of Bingen: The Woman of Her Age. New York: Doubleday, 2001. *Madigan, Shawn. Mystics, Visionaries and Prophets: A Historical Anthology of Women’s Spiritual Writings. Minnesota: Augsburg Fortress, 1998. *McGrade, Michael. “Hildegard von Bingen.” ''Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart: allgemeine Enzyklopaldie der Musik'', 2nd edition, T. 2, Volume 8. Edited by Ludwig Fischer. Kassel, New York: Bahrenreiter, 1994. * Moulinier, Laurence, ''Le manuscrit perdu à Strasbourg''. Enquête sur l'œuvre scientifique de Hildegarde, Paris/Saint-Denis, Publications de la Sorbonne-Presses Universitaires de Vincennes, 1995, 286 p. * Moulinier, Laurence, "La botanique de Hildegarde de Bingen", ''Médiévales'', 16–17, 1989, p.&nbsp;113–129. * Moulinier, Laurence, "Elisabeth, Ursule et les Onze mille vierges : un cas d'invention de reliques à Cologne au XIIe siècle", ''Médiévales'', 22–23, printemps 1992, p.&nbsp;173–186. * Moulinier, Laurence, "Deux jalons de la construction d'un savoir botanique en Allemagne aux XIIe-XIIIe siècles : Hildegarde de Bingen et Albert le Grand", dans ''Le monde des plantes''. Savoirs et usages sociaux du XIIe au XVIIe siècle, dir. A. J. Grieco, O. Redon, L. Tongiorgi Tomasi, Saint-Denis, P.U.V., 1993, p.&nbsp;89–105. * Moulinier, Laurence, "Fragments inédits de la Physica : contribution à l'étude de la transmission des manuscrits scientifiques de Hildegarde de Bingen", ''Mélanges de l'Ecole Française de Rome'', 105, fasc. 2, 1993, p.&nbsp;629–650. * Moulinier, Laurence, "L'abbesse et les poissons : un aspect de la zoologie de Hildegarde", dans ''Exploitation des animaux sauvages à travers le temps, Actes des rencontres'', 15–17 octobre 1992, dir. J. Desse et F. Audoin-Rouzeau, Juan-les-Pins, Editions APDCA, 1993, p.&nbsp;461–472. * Moulinier, Laurence, "L'ordre du monde animal selon Hildegarde de Bingen" dans L'homme, ''l'animal domestique et l'environnement du Moyen Age au XVIIIe siècle, Actes du colloque de Nantes'', 22–24 octobre 1992, textes réunis par R. Durand, Nantes, Ouest Editions, 1993, p.&nbsp;51–62. * Moulinier, Laurence, "Hildegarde de Bingen, les plantes médicinales et le jugement de la postérité : pour une mise en perspective", ''Scientiarum historia'', 20, 1994, 1–2, p.&nbsp;61–75. * Moulinier, Laurence, "Une encyclopédiste sans précédent ? Le cas de Hildegarde de Bingen", dans ''L'enciclopedismo medievale'', éd. M. Picone, ''Actes du colloque international "L'enciclopedismo medievale"'', San Gimignano, 8–10 octobre 1992, Ravenne, A. Longo Editore, 1994, p.&nbsp;119–134. * Moulinier, Laurence, "H comme Histoire : Hrotsvita, Hildegarde et Herrade, trois récits de fondation au féminin", ''Clio, Histoire, femmes et sociétés, 2, Femmes et religion,'' 1995, p.&nbsp;85–107. * Moulinier, Laurence, "Les merveilles de la Nature vues par Hildegarde de Bingen", dans ''Miracles, prodiges et merveilles au Moyen Age, Actes du XXVe congrès de la SHMESP'', Paris, Publications de la Sorbonne, 1995, p.&nbsp;115–132. Internet available : [http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/shmes_1261-9078_1995_act_25_1_1653] * Moulinier, Laurence, "Ein Präzedenzfall der Kompendien Literatur: die Quellen der naturlichen Schriften Hildegards von Bingen", in ''Hildegard von Bingen. Prophetin durch die Zeiten.'' Zum 900. Geburtstag, éd. E. Forster, Freiburg/Basel/Wien, Herder, 1997, p.&nbsp;431–447. * Moulinier, Laurence, "La faune germanique médiévale aux XIe-XIIe siècles : une brève histoire de noms", dans ''Milieux naturels, espaces sociaux. Etudes offertes à Robert Delort,'' éd. F. Morenzoni et E. Mornet, Paris, Publications de la Sorbonne, 1997, p.&nbsp;193–208. * Moulinier, Laurence, "Quand le malin fait de l'esprit : le rire au Moyen Age vu depuis l'hagiographie", ''Annales, Histoire, sciences sociales'', 3, Mai-Juin 1997, p.&nbsp;457–475. Internet available : [http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/ahess_0395-2649_1997_num_52_3_279580] * Moulinier, Laurence, "Vitae latines et volgarizzamento : l'exemple de la Vie de Hildegarde en français", dans ''Santità, Culti, Agiografia. Temi e prospettive'', éd. S. Boesch Gajano, Rome, Viella, 1997, p.&nbsp;139–163. * Moulinier, Laurence, "Abbesse et agronome : Hildegarde et la botanique de son temps", dans ''Hildegard of Bingen. The Context of her Thought and Art'', éd. Ch. Burnett, P. Dronke, Londres, The Warburg Institute, 1998, p.&nbsp;135–156. * Moulinier, Laurence, "Hildegarde exorciste : la 'Vie de Hildegarde' en français et sa principale source inédite", ''Hagiographica'', V, 1998, p.&nbsp;91–118. * Moulinier, Laurence, "Deux fragments inédits de Hildegarde de Bingen copiés par Gerhard von Hohenkirchen (†1448)", ''Sudhoffs Archiv'', 83, 1999, p.&nbsp;224–238. * Moulinier, Laurence, "Et papa libros eius canonizavit : réflexions sur l'orthodoxie des écrits de Hildegarde de Bingen", dans S. Elm., E. Rebillard, A. Romano (ed.), ''Orthodoxie, Christianisme, Histoire. Orthodoxy, Christianity'', Collection de l'Ecole française de Rome 270, Rome, EFR, 2000, p.&nbsp;177–198. * Moulinier, Laurence, "Unterhaltungen mit dem Teufel : Eine französische Hildegard-Vita des 15. Jahrhunderts und ihre Quellen", dans ''Hildegard von Bingen in ihrem historischen Umfeld. Internationaler wissenschaftlicher Kongreß zum 900jährigen Jubiläum'', 13–19 Septemba 1998, Bingen am Rhein, éd. A. Haverkamp, Mayence, Philipp von Zabern, 2000, p.&nbsp;519–560. * Moulinier, Laurence, "Le corps des jeunes filles dans les traités médicaux du Moyen Age ”, dans ''Le corps des jeunes filles de l’Antiquité à nos jours'', dir. L. Bruit Zaidman, G. Houbre, Chr. Klapisch-Zuber, P. Schmitt Pantel, Paris, Perrin, 2001, p.&nbsp;80–109. * Moulinier, Laurence, "Hildegarde ou Pseudo-Hildegarde ? Réflexions sur l’authenticité du traité "Cause et cure"", dans R. Berndt éd., ''"Im Angesicht Gottes suche der Mensch sich selbst". Hildegard von Bingen (1098–1179)'', Berlin, Akademie Verlag, 2001, p.&nbsp;115–146 (Erudiri Sapientia, II). * Moulinier, Laurence, "Magie, médecine et maux de l’âme dans l’œuvre scientifique de Hildegarde", dans R. Berndt éd., ''"Im Angesicht Gottes suche der Mensch sich selbst". Hildegard von Bingen (1098–1179)'', Berlin, Akademie Verlag, 2001, p.&nbsp;545–559 (Erudiri Sapientia, II). * Moulinier, Laurence, "Un lexique trilingue du XIIe siècle : la lingua ignota de Hildegarde de Bingen", dans ''Lexiques bilingues dans les domaines philosophique et scientifique (Moyen Âge-Renaissance), Actes du colloque international organisé par l’Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes-IVe Section et l’Institut Supérieur de Philosophie de l’Université Catholique de Louvain'', Paris, 12–14 juin 1997, éd. J. Hamesse, D. Jacquart, Turnhout, Brepols, 2001, p.&nbsp;89–111. * Moulinier, Laurence, "Plantes toxiques et humeurs peccantes : la pensée du poison dans l’œuvre de Hildegarde", dans ''Le corps à l’épreuve. Poisons, remèdes et chirurgie : aspects des pratiques médicales dans l’Antiquité et au Moyen Âge'', études réunies par F. Collard et E. Samama, Langres, Dominique Guéniot, 2002, p.&nbsp;71–101. * Moulinier, Laurence, "Un témoin supplémentaire du rayonnement de sainte Radegonde au Moyen Age ? La Vita domnae Juttae (XIIe siècle)", ''Bulletin de la société des Antiquaires de l’Ouest'', 5e série, t. XV, 3e et 4e trimestres 2001, p.&nbsp;181–197. * Moulinier, Laurence, "Le chat des cathares de Mayence et autres « primeurs » d’un exorcisme du XIIe siècle", dans ''Retour aux sources. Textes, études et documents d’histoire médiévale offerts à Michel Parisse'', Paris, Picard, 2004, p.&nbsp;699–709. * Moulinier, Laurence, "Conception et corps féminin selon Hildegarde de Bingen", ''Storia delle donne'', 1, 2005, p.&nbsp;139–157. Available from [http://www.storiadelledonne.it/index.php?searchword=moulinier&ordering=newest&searchphrase=all&option=com_search] * Moulinier, Laurence, "Quête de Dieu et recherche de modèles. Naissance d’une tradition féminine dans la mystique allemande (XIIe-XIVe s.)", dans ''Ecritures'', n° 1, décembre 2005, Les femmes et l’Ecriture. L’amour profane et l’amour sacré, p.&nbsp;15–55. * Moulinier, Laurence, "Naturkunde und Mystik bei Hildegard von Bingen : der Blick und die Vision", ''Actes du Symposium der Theophrast-Stiftung, "Mystik und Natur", Salzbourg, Universitätsbibliothek'', 16–18 novembre 2007. * Moulinier, Laurence, "Aspects de la maternité chez Hildegarde de Bingen", dans ''La madre. The Mother, Actes du colloque international "La mère", Université de Lausanne'', 23–25 novembre 2005, Florence, SISMEL, 2009, p.&nbsp;215–234. 20. * Moulinier, Laurence, "La vie d’une âme, la voix d’une sœur", Introduction à Elisabeth de Schönau, ''Visions'', traduit du Latin par Jean-Pierre Troadec, Paris, Le Cerf, 2009, p.&nbsp;9–31. * Moulinier, Laurence, "Maternità spirituale e direzione di coscienza secondo Ildegarda di Bingen", dans G. Filoramo (éd.), ''Storia della direzione spirituale, II. L'età medievale'', a cura di Sofia Boesch Gajano, Brescia, Morcelliana, 2010, pp.&nbsp;185–204. * Moulinier, Laurence, "La Terre vue par Hildegarde de Bingen (1098–1179)", dans ''Aux origines de la géologie, de l’Antiquité au Moyen Age, Actes du colloque international'' 10–12 mars 2005, Paris Sorbonne (Paris IV), textes réunis sous la direction de Claude Thomasset, Joëlle Ducos et Jean-Pierre Chambon, Paris, Honoré Champion, 2010, p.&nbsp;205–230. *Newman, Barbara. “Hildegard of Bingen: Visions and Validation.” ''Church History'' 54 (1985): 163–175. *________. “‘Sibyl of the Rhine’: Hildegard’s Life and Times.” ''Voice of the Living Light: Hildegard of Bingen and Her World''. Edited by Barbara Newman. Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London: University of California Press, 1998. *________. ''Sister of Wisdom: St. Hildegard’s Theology of the Feminine''. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1987. *Newman, Barbara. Voice of the Living Light. California: University of California Press, 1998. *Reed-Jones, Carol. Hildegard of Bingen: Women of Vision. Washington: Paper Crane Press, 2004. *Richert-Pfau, Marianna. “Mode and Melody Types in Hildegard von Bingen’s Symphonia.” ''Sonus'' 11 (1990): 53–71. *Ruether, Rosemary Radford. Visionary Women. Minneapolis: Augsburg Fortress, 2002. 6–13. *Schipperges, Heinrich. Hildegard of Bingen: healing and the nature of the cosmos. New Jersey: Markus Wiener Publishers, 1997. *The Life and Works of Hildegard von Bingen. Internet. Available from http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/med/hildegarde.html {{Wayback|url=http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/med/hildegarde.html |date=20070829135754 }}; accessed 14 Novemba 2009. *Tillman, June-Boyce. “Hildegard of Bingen at 900: The Eye of a Woman”. The Musical Times 139, no. 1865 (Winter, 1998): 31–36. *Underhill, Evelyn. Mystics of the Church. Pennsylvania: Morehouse Publishing, 1925. {{Refend}} ===Marejeo mengine=== {{Refbegin}} ;General commentary *Burnett, Charles and Peter Dronke, eds. ''Hildegard of Bingen: The Context of Her Thought and Art''. The Warburg Colloquia. London: The University of London, 1998. *Cherewatuk, Karen and Ulrike Wiethaus, eds. ''Dear Sister: Medieval Women and the Epistolary Genre''. Middle Ages Series. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1993. *Davidson, Audrey Ekdahl. ''The Ordo Virtutum of Hildegard of Bingen: Critical Studies''. Kalamazoo, MI: Medieval Institute Publications, 1992. ISBN 1-879288-17-6 *Dronke, Peter. ''Women Writers of the Middle Ages: A Critical Study of Texts from Perpetua to Marguerite Porete''. 1984. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001. *Flanagan, Sabina. ''Hildegard of Bingen: A Visionary Life''. London: Routledge, 1998. ISBN 0-7607-1361-8 *King-Lenzmeier, Anne H. ''Hildegard of Bingen: An Integrated Vision''. Collegeville, MN: Liturgical Press, 2001. *Newman, Barbara. ''Sister of Wisdom: St. Hildegard’s Theology of the Feminine''. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1987. *Newman, Barbara, ed. ''Voice of the Living Light: Hildegard of Bingen and Her World''. Berkeley: University of California, 1998. *Pernoud, Régine. ''Hildegard of Bingen: Inspired Conscience of the Twelfth Century''. Translated by Paul Duggan. NY: Marlowe & Co., 1998. *Schipperges, Heinrich. ''The World of Hildegard of Bingen: Her Life, Times, and Visions''. Trans. John Cumming. Collegeville, MN: The Liturgical Press, 1999. *Wilson, Katharina. ''Medieval Women Writers''. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press, 1984. ;On Hildegard's illuminations *Fox, Matthew. ''Illuminations of Hildegard of Bingen''. Santa Fe, NM: Bear & Company, 1985. ISBN 1-879181-97-5 *Harris, Anne Sutherland and [[Linda Nochlin]], ''Women Artists: 1550–1950'', Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Knopf, New York, 1976. ISBN 0-394-73326-6 ;Background reading *Barber, Richard. ''Bestiary: MS Bodley 764''. Woodbridge: Boydell Press, 1999. *Boyce-Tillman, June. ''The Creative Spirit: Harmonious Living with Hildegard of Bingen'', Harrisburg, PA: Morehouse Publishing, 2000. ISBN 0-8192-1882-0 *Butcher, Carmen Acevedo. ''Man of Blessing: A Life of St. Benedict''. Brewster, MA: Paraclete Press, 2006. *Bynum, Caroline Walker. ''Holy Feast and Holy Fast: the Religious Significance of Food to Medieval Women''. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1987. *Bynum, Caroline Walker. ''Resurrection of the Body in Western Christianity, 200-1336''. New York: Columbia University Press, 1995. *Chadwick, Whitney. ''Women, Art, and Society,'' Thames and Hudson, London, 1990. ISBN 0-500-20354-7 *Constable, Giles Constable. ''The Reformation of the Twelfth Century''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. *Dronke, Peter, ed. ''A History of Twelfth-Century Western Philosophy''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992. *[[Frederick George Holweck|Holweck, the Rt. Reverend Frederick G.]], ''A Biographical Dictionary of the Saints, with a General Introduction on Hagiology''. 1924. Detroit: Omnigraphics, 1990. *Lachman, Barbara. ''The Journal of Hildegard of Bingen: A Novel''. New York: Crown, 1993. *Lachman, Barbara. ''Hildegard: The Last Year''. Boston: Shambhala, 1997. *McBrien, Richard. ''Lives of the Saints: From Mary and St. Francis of Assisi to John XXIII and Mother Teresa''. San Francisco: HarperSanFrancisco, 2003. *McKnight, Scot. ''The Real Mary: Why Evangelical Christians Can Embrace the Mother of Jesus''. Brewster, MA: Paraclete Press, 2006. *Newman, Barbara trans. ''Symphonia: A Critical Edition of the "Symphonia armoniae celestium revelationum''. Ithaca: Cornell Univ. Press, 1988. *Newman, Barbara. ''God and the Goddesses''. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 0-8122-1911-2 *O’Donohue, John. ''Anam Ċara''. New York: HarperCollins, 1998. *Ohanneson, Joan. ''Scarlet Music. Hildegard of Bingen: A Novel''. New York: Crossroad Publishing Company, 1997. *Pelikan, Jaroslav. ''Mary Through the Centuries: Her Place in the History of Culture''. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1996. *Sacks, Oliver. ''Migraine: Understanding a Common Disorder''. 1985. Reprint. London: Vintage Books, 1999. *Santos Paz, José Carlos, ed. ''La Obra de Gebenón de Eberbach''. Firenze: SISMEL-Edizioni del Galluzzo, 2004. *Sherman, Bernard D. “‘Mistaking the Tail for the Comet’: An Interview with Christopher *Silvas, Anna. ''Jutta and Hildegard: The Biographical Sources''. University Park, PA: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 1998. ISBN 0-271-01954-9 *Sweet, Victoria. "Hildegard of Bingen and the Greening of Medieval Medicine." Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 1999, 73:381–403. *Sweet, Victoria. "Rooted in the Earth, Rooted in the Sky: Hildegard of Bingen and Premodern Medicine." New York: Routledge Press, 2006. ISBN 0-415-97634-0 *Ulrich, Ingeborg. ''Hildegard of Bingen: Mystic, Healer, Companion of the Angels''. Trans. Linda M. Maloney. Collegeville, MN: Liturgical Press, 1993. *Ward, Benedicta. ''Miracles and the Medieval Mind''. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, 1987. *Weeks, Andrew. ''German mysticism from Hildegard of Bingen to Ludwig Wittgenstein : a literary and intellectual history''. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1993. ISBN 0-7914-1419-1 {{Refend}} ==Viungo vya nje== {{Commons|Hildegard von Bingen}} *[http://www.hildegardcenter.org/ Hildegard Center for the Arts, A Faith Based Fine Arts Center in Lincoln Nebraska] *[http://www.hildegard-society.org/ International Society of Hildegard von Bingen Studies] *[http://www.hildegard-society.org/faq.html A Hildegard FAQ Sheet] {{Wayback|url=http://www.hildegard-society.org/faq.html |date=20110824062734 }} *[http://digilander.libero.it/camdic/HildegardVonBingen.html Hildegard Von Bingen] {{Wayback|url=http://digilander.libero.it/camdic/HildegardVonBingen.html |date=20121020002500 }} *{{CathEncy|wstitle=St. Hildegard}} *[http://www.hildegard.org/ Hildegard of Bingen] Documents, History, Sites to see today, etc. *{{worldcat id|id=lccn-n80-118409}} *[http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/med/hildegarde.html Source] {{Wayback|url=http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/med/hildegarde.html |date=20070829135754 }} *[http://www.9timezones.com/ia/ghildgrd.htm Discography] *[http://www.poetseers.org/spiritual_and_devotional_poets/christian/hild/ Biography and Prayers of Hildegard] {{Wayback|url=http://www.poetseers.org/spiritual_and_devotional_poets/christian/hild/ |date=20051211104508 }} *[http://www.medieval.org/emfaq/composers/hildegard.html Another discography] *[http://www.eibingen.de/pfarrei/kirche.html Church of St. Hildegard in Eibingen, Germany with information about Hildegard von Bingen and the Eibinger Hildegardisshrine] {{Wayback|url=http://www.eibingen.de/pfarrei/kirche.html |date=20180228192751 }} *[http://www.schnitzler-aachen.de/Modellbau/Bingen/Rup.html The Reconstruction of the monastery on the Rupertsberg] *{{WIMA|idx=Bingen|name=Hildegard von Bingen}} *{{ChoralWiki|Hildegard von Bingen}} *{{IMSLP|id=Hildegard}} *[http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/~young/trnintro.html Young, Abigail Ann. ''Translations from Rupert, Hildegard, and Guibert of Gembloux''. 1999. 27 March 2006.] {{Wayback|url=http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/~young/trnintro.html |date=20091107153330 }} *[http://www.musiclisteningcontest.org/h_kcmcguire_Symphonia_Caritatis_2007.htm McGuire, K. Christian. ''Symphonia Caritatis: The Cistercian Chants of Hildegard von Bingen''. 2007. 14 July 2007.] {{Wayback|url=http://www.musiclisteningcontest.org/h_kcmcguire_Symphonia_Caritatis_2007.htm |date=20081023043649 }} * [http://www.dailygrail.com/blogs/KATYA/2007/10/Hildegard-von-Bingen * From Katya Sanna's blog] {{Wayback|url=http://www.dailygrail.com/blogs/KATYA/2007/10/Hildegard-von-Bingen |date=20120904182137 }} * [http://www.brooklynmuseum.org/eascfa/dinner_party/place_settings/hildegarde_of_bingen.php "Brooklyn Museum: Elizabeth A. Sackler Center for Feminist Art: The Dinner Party: Place Setting: Hildegarde of Bingen"], describes the Hildegarde Place Setting in Judy Chicago's work called "The Dinner Party". {{Walimu wa Kanisa}} [[Category:Waliozaliwa 1098]] [[Category:Waliofariki 1179]] [[Category:Mabikira]] [[Category:Wamonaki]] [[Category:Wabenedikto]] [[Category:Wanafalsafa wa Ujerumani]] [[Category:Waandishi wa Ujerumani]] [[Category:Wanateolojia wa Ujerumani]] [[Category:Wanamuziki wa Ujerumani]] [[Category:Wanasayansi wa Ujerumani]] [[Category:Watakatifu wa Ujerumani]] [[Jamii:Walimu wa Kanisa]] hg3dpylwhe4ukvsmyg1f1q4b5y1st54 Kimelea 0 80711 1593929 1461895 2026-09-02T01:31:00Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593929 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Parasitismus.jpg|300px|thumbnail|[[Utitiri (Arithropodi)|Matitiri]] wanaoishi juu ya [[bui]] na kumnyonya.]] '''Kimelea''' (''pia:'' '''kidusia'''<ref>'''Kidusia''' ni pendekezo la [[KAST]] kutokana na kitenzi "kudusa, kudusia"; '''Kimelea''' ni matumizi ya [[kamusi]] nyingine za [[TATAKI]] kutokana na "kumea, kumelea"</ref>; kwa [[Kiingereza]] ''parasite'') ni [[kiumbehai]] ambaye anaishi ndani au juu ya kiumbehai mwingine wa [[spishi]] tofauti na kupata [[virutubishi]] kutokana na [[mwili]] wa kiumbe huyo, ambaye kwa kawaida ni mkubwa zaidi, bila kumpa kiumbe mwenyeji faida yoyote. Kinyume chake, mara nyingi analeta hasara au kusababisha [[ugonjwa]]. Vimelea vingi ni vidogo sana vikiishi ndani ya [[wanyama]] au [[binadamu]]. ==Aina za vimelea== Vimelea vingine ni vikubwa kiasi cha kuonekana kwa [[jicho]]: *[[minyoo]] inayoishi ndani ya [[utumbo]] kama [[mategu]] na [[nematodi]] nyingine *[[chawa]] na [[viroboto]] vinavyokaa juu ya [[ngozi]] na kunyonya [[damu]] Vimelea vingine ni vidogo mno, vinaonekana kwa [[hadubini]] tu: *[[bakteria]] na [[protozoa]] nyingine, kwa mfano [[plasmodia]] zinazosababisha [[homa]] ya [[malaria]] *[[lava]] za minyoo kama [[schistosoma]] zinazosababisha [[kichocho]] baada ya kukua na kuwa minyoo wazima ==Vimelea kati ya mimea na wanyama== Kuna pia wanyama wakubwa zaidi wanaotumia [[mbinu]] za kimelea kwa mfano [[Ndege (mnyama)|ndege]] kama vile [[kekeo]], [[fumbwe]] au [[kinili]] wanaotega [[mayai]] katika matego ya spishi nyingine. Kuna mimea inayopata [[lishe]] kwa kutumia moja kwa moja majimaji ya mimea mingine na aina kadhaa kati ya hizi zinaendelea bila kutumia [[usanisinuru]] kabisa. ==Vimelea na wenyeji wao== Vimelea mara nyingi hudhoofisha viumbehai wenyeji wao vinamoishi na vinaweza kusababisha magonjwa; kwa kawaida haviwaui mara moja, maana kimelea kinachomwua mwenyeji wake kitakosa mahali pa kuishi. Vimelea vingi vinahitaji mazingira ya mwili wa spishi fulani vikiweza kuishi hapo tu. == Vimelea nje ya mwili wa mwenyeji == Vimelea hawa ni kama chawa, kunguni na kupe ambao huishi nje ya mwili wa mwenyeji [[:en:Ectoparasite|(ecto-parasites]]) na hufyonya damu na kutaga mayai juu yake. Huenda wakasambaa kutoka kwa mtu mmoja hadi mwingine. Wao hungojea mwenyeji aje karibu nao ambapo wanamnata na kuanza kumtegemea kwa lishe na pia kwa pahala pa kuzalisha. ==Marejeo== <references/> == Kujisomea == {{refbegin}} *{{cite book|last=Zimmer|first=Carl|authorlink=Carl Zimmer|title=[[Parasite Rex]]|publisher=[[Free Press (publisher)|Free Press]]|pages=320|year=2001|isbn=0-7432-0011-X}} *{{cite book|last=Combes|first=Claude|authorlink=Claude Combes|title=The Art of Being a Parasite|url=https://archive.org/details/artofbeingparasi0000comb|publisher=[[The University of Chicago Press]]|pages=[https://archive.org/details/artofbeingparasi0000comb/page/280 280]|year=2005|isbn=0-226-11438-4 }} *{{cite book|last=Desowitz|first=Robert|authorlink=Robert Desowitz|title=Who Gave Pinta to the Santa Maria?|url=https://archive.org/details/whogavepintatosa00deso|publisher=Harvest Books|pages=[https://archive.org/details/whogavepintatosa00deso/page/n267 264]|year=1998|isbn=0-15-600585-9}} *{{cite journal |author=Vinn, O., Wilson, M.A., Mõtus, M.-A. and Toom, U. |title=The earliest bryozoan parasite: Middle Ordovician (Darriwilian) of Osmussaar Island, Estonia |journal=Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology |year=2014 |volume=414 |pages=129–132 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265853181_The_earliest_bryozoan_parasite_Middle_Ordovician_%28Darriwilian%29_of_Osmussaar_Island_Estonia |accessdate = 2014-01-09 |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2014.08.021 }} *{{cite journal |author=Vinn, O., Wilson, M.A., and Toom, U. |title=Earliest rhynchonelliform brachiopod parasite from the Late Ordovician of northern Estonia (Baltica) |journal=Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology |year=2014 |volume=411 |pages=42–45 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263857588_Earliest_rhynchonelliform_brachiopod_parasite_from_the_Late_Ordovician_of_northern_Estonia_%28Baltica%29 |accessdate = 2014-01-09 |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2014.06.028 }} {{refend}} == Viungo vya nje == {{Commons category|Parasites}} * [http://knol.google.com/k/klaus-rohde/parasitism-an-introduction-to/xk923bc3gp4/51# Parasitism] {{Wayback|url=http://knol.google.com/k/klaus-rohde/parasitism-an-introduction-to/xk923bc3gp4/51 |date=20120118044712 }}—[[Knol]] * [http://www.cdc.gov/toxoplasmosis/ Toxoplasmosis] * [http://www.parazytologia.pl Parasitology Parasites Zoonoses] {{Wayback|url=http://www.parazytologia.pl/ |date=20170828155608 }}—(Polish/English) over 50 movies (Filmoteka) and over 250 photos (Fotogaleria/Photogallery) with human and animal parasites. * [http://www.aber.ac.uk/~mpgwww/Edu/EduIndex.html Aberystwyth University: Parasitology] {{Wayback|url=http://www.aber.ac.uk/~mpgwww/Edu/EduIndex.html |date=20110801045926 }}—class outline with links to full text articles on parasitism and parasitology. * [http://www.k-state.edu/parasitology KSU: Parasitology Research]—parasitology articles and links. * [http://pathmicro.med.sc.edu/book/parasit-sta.htm Medical Parasitology]—online textbook. * [http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dpd/ Division of Parasitic Diseases], [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] * [http://www.vcu.edu/csbc/vpp/ VCU Virtual Parasite Project]—Virtual Parasite Project at Virginia Commonwealth University's Center for the Study of Biological Complexity * [http://www.parasites-world.com/ Parasites World] {{Wayback|url=http://www.parasites-world.com/ |date=20190803234357 }}—Parasites articles and links. * [http://www.explore-science-fiction-movies.com/parasiticparasitoidalienswikipedia Parasitic and Parasitoid Alien Species in Science Fiction Movies] {{Wayback|url=http://www.explore-science-fiction-movies.com/parasiticparasitoidalienswikipedia |date=20241210091212 }} * [http://www.actavetscand.com/content/pdf/1751-0147-52-S1-S7.pdf Toxoplasma gondii in the Subarctic and Arctic] {{Wayback|url=http://www.actavetscand.com/content/pdf/1751-0147-52-S1-S7.pdf |date=20150718024416 }} {{mbegu-biolojia}} [[jamii:Biolojia]] [[Jamii:Vidusia]] i0tu567morkavkg6dyhzd9xuys0864a Kura ya maoni ya uhuru wa Sudan Kusini, 2011 0 84277 1593934 1409021 2026-09-02T02:56:14Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593934 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox referendum | name = Kura ya maoni ya uhuru wa Sudan Kusini, 2011 | title = | ndiyo = 3792518 | hapana = 44888 | jumla = 3851994 | matokeo = 97.58 | matokeoyaliyohitajika = 60.00 | ramani = South Sudan location green map.svg | maganyikowaramani = region | maelezo = }} [[Kura ya maoni]] ilichukua nafasi [[Sudan Kusini|Kusini mwa Sudan]] kuanzia tarehe 9 hadi 15 Januari 2011,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tehrantimes.com/Index_view.asp?code=233845 |title=First day of south Sudan referendum ends peacefully |publisher=tehran times |accessdate=10 January 2011}}</ref> katika hali ya aidha kanda ya kusini ibaki kuwa sehemu ya [[Sudan]] au iwe huru.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://english.people.com.cn/90001/90777/90855/7172411.html |title=Sudan's Referendum Commission says southern Sudan referendum on Jan. 9 |publisher=People's Daily Online |date=21 October 2010 |accessdate=5 January 2011}}</ref><ref>[http://www.sudantribune.com/spip.php?article22813 Road to 2011 referendum is full of obstacles – South Sudan's Kiir] {{Wayback|url=http://www.sudantribune.com/spip.php?article22813 |date=20140715000929 }} Sudan Tribune, 12 July 2007</ref> Kura hii ya maoni ni moja kati ya tokeo la 2005 la [[Mkataba wa Naivasha]] baina ya [[Khartoum]] na serikali kuu ya [[Sudan People's Liberation Army/Movement]] (SPLA/M). Wakati huohuo kulikuwa na kura ya maoni ambayo ilipaswa ifanyike mjini [[Abyei]] katika hali ya aidha iwe sehemu ya [[Sudan Kusini]] lakini zoezi lilighairishwa kwa kutokana na mgogoro juu ya haki ya makazi na mipaka.<ref>{{cite news|author=Mark Bixler, CNN |url=http://www.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/01/05/sudan.historic.day/ |title=Historic day ahead after decades of war |publisher=CNN |date= 5 January 2011|accessdate=10 January 2011}}</ref> Mnamo tarehe [[7 Februari]] [[2011]], tume ya kura ya maoni iliwasilisha matokeo ya mwisho wa kura hizo, ambapo asilimia 98.83 walipigia kura kuwa huru.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-12379431 |work=BBC News | title=South Sudan backs independence – results | date=7 February 2011}}</ref> Wakati huohuo zoezi la upigaji kura lilisitishwa katika baadhi ya wilaya kati ya 10 ya 79 kwa kuzidi asilimia 100 ya mahitaji ya kura zilizotakikana, idadi ya kura zilizidi kabisa hitaji la asilimia 60. Tarehe rasmi ya kuanzisha taifa jipya huru ilikuwa [[9 Julai]] 2011.<ref>[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/sudan/8246615/Sudan-referendum-whats-being-voted-on-and-what-will-happen.html ''Sudan referendum: what's being voted on and what will happen?''] The Telegraph. 8 January 2011</ref> ==Tanbihi== {{reflist|colwidth=30em}} ==Viungo vya nje== {Commons category|Southern Sudanese independence referendum, 2011}} *[http://www.ugpulse.com/articles/daily/People.asp?about=Republic+of+South+Sudan%3A+Challenges+and+Opportunities+-+Part+1&ID=1213 Republic of South Sudan: Challenges and Opportunities] *[http://www.ssrc.sd/SSRC2/ Southern Sudan Referendum Commission] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ssrc.sd/SSRC2/ |date=20110111070051 }} *[http://www.southernsudan2011.com/ Southern Sudan Referendum Results website (SSRC and SSRB)] {{Wayback|url=http://www.southernsudan2011.com/ |date=20190821182320 }} *[http://www.undp-sssr.org/ UNDP Support to the Southern Sudan Referendum] {{Wayback|url=http://www.undp-sssr.org/ |date=20110202090652 }} *[http://www.usaid.gov/locations/sub-saharan_africa/countries/sudan/referenda2011.html/ USAID Support to the Southern Sudan Referendum] {{Wayback|url=http://www.usaid.gov/locations/sub-saharan_africa/countries/sudan/referenda2011.html/ |date=20110110212656 }} *[http://www.sudanvotes.com Media in Cooperation and Transition] {{Wayback|url=http://www.sudanvotes.com/ |date=20200309230612 }} – group of Sudanese journalists covering the referendum. *[http://www.gurtong.net/SudanReferendum/tabid/440/Default.aspx Sudan Referendum] {{Wayback|url=http://www.gurtong.net/SudanReferendum/tabid/440/Default.aspx |date=20190809051458 }} at ''Gurtong'' *[http://english.aljazeera.net/indepth/spotlight/stateofsudan/ Sudan: One Country or Two?] collected news and commentary at ''[[Aljazeera English]]'' *[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-12070034 South Sudan Referendum] collected news and commentary at ''[[BBC News]]'' *[http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportID=91363 Sudan's Referendum] at ''[[IRIN|IRIN News]]'' *[http://www.democracynow.org/2011/1/4/sudan_referendum_a_real_turning_point Sudan Referendum: "A Real Turning Point for the People of Africa"] – video report by ''[[Democracy Now!]]'' *[http://www.usaid.gov/locations/sub-saharan_africa/features/vote_photo_essay.html Photo Gallery by USAID] {{Wayback|url=http://www.usaid.gov/locations/sub-saharan_africa/features/vote_photo_essay.html |date=20110128022532 }} *[http://www.life.com/image/first/in-gallery/54171/sudan-ready-to-vote#index/0 Sudan: Ready to Vote ] {{Wayback|url=http://www.life.com/image/first/in-gallery/54171/sudan-ready-to-vote#index/0 |date=20110312115527 }} – slideshow by ''[[Life magazine]]'' [[Category:Sudan Kusini]] [[Category:Historia ya Sudan Kusini]] [[Category:Historia ya Afrika]] [[Category:Kura ya maoni]] t359aej1paa71qz2r5ho7wgnnlgq1s8 Mnyamawamtuka moyowamkia 0 109244 1593988 1103835 2026-09-02T11:35:31Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593988 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Uainishaji | rangi = #D3D3A4 | jina = Dinosauri | picha = Basal sauropod silhouette.svg | upana_wa_picha = 250px | maelezo_ya_picha = Umbo la Sauropoda, pamoja na Mnyamawamtuka | himaya = [[Mnyama|Animalia]] (Wanyama) | faila = [[Chordata]] (Wanyama wenye ugwe wa neva mgongoni) | ngeli = [[Sauropsida]] (Wanyama wanaofanana na watambaazi) | nusungeli = [[Diapsida]] (Wanyama wenya mashimo mawili kando la fuyu la kichwa) | oda_ya_juu = [[Dinosauria]] (Wanyama kama '''dinosauri''') | oda_ya_chini = †Sauropodomorpha | familia_ya_juu = †Sauropoda | familia = †Titanosauria | nusufamilia = †Lithostrotia | jenasi = †Mnyamawamtuka Gorscak and O'Connor, 2019 }} '''Mnyamawamtuka moyowamkia''' ni aina ya [[dinosauri]] ambaye [[visukuku]] vyake viligunduliwa kuanzia [[mwaka]] [[2004]] katika [[bonde]] la [[mto Mtuka]] upande wa [[kusini]] wa [[Ziwa Rukwa]], karibu na [[Galula|kata ya Galula]] nchini [[Tanzania]]. ==Jina == [[Jina]] la Mnyamawamtuka linarejelea mahali ambako [[mifupa]] yake iligunduliwa yaani bonde la mto Mtuka. Sehemu ya pili ya jina „mkiawamoyo“ imechaguliwa kutokana na [[umbo]] la mifupa ya [[mkia]] wake inayofanana na [[moyo]]. Mnyamawamtuka m. ni kati ya aina chache za dinosauri zenye majina ya [[Kiswahili]], pamoja na [[jenasi]] ya [[Shingopana]]. ==Tabia== [[Tabia]] kadhaa ya mnyama huyo zinaonekana kutokana na mifupa yake yaliyopatikana kama visukuku. [[Mwili]] wake ulifanana kiasi na [[mjusi]] lakini alikuwa mkubwa sana, akiwa na [[kiwiliwili]] kikubwa, [[shingo]] ndefu, [[kichwa]] kidogo na mkia mrefu. [[Titanosauri]] walikula [[majani]]. Mnyama aliyepatikana kwenye mto Mtuka alikuwa [[kijana]] bado ambaye hakufikia [[vipimo]] vya mkubwa. Alikuwa na [[uzito]] wa takriban [[tani]] 1.5, [[urefu]] wa [[mita]] 1.5 [[Kiuno|kiunoni]] na urefu wa mita 7.6 kuanzia kichwani hadi mwisho wa mkia wake. <ref>Linganisha makala ya Geggel kwenye livescience.com</ref> ==Ugunduzi== Mwaka 2004 visukuku vya mifupa mikubwa viligunduliwa kwenye mtelemko mkali wa [[korongo]] la mto Mtuka. Ilionekana haraka mifupa ilikuwa ya aina ya dinosauri. Ugumu wa kufika kwenye mabaki hayo uliwalazimisha wagunduzi kuendelea na [[kazi]] hii miaka kadhaa. [[Uchimbaji]] uliongozwa na [[wataalamu]] wa [[Chuo kikuu cha Ohio]] wakishirikiana na wenyeji wa Tanzania. Tangu mwaka [[2009]] sehemu kubwa ya [[kiunzi cha mifupa]] ilipatikana. [[Utafiti]] uliofuata ulichukua tena miaka hadi wagunduzi walipoweza kuonyesha matokeo yake mwaka [[2019]]. ==Uainishaji== Mnyama huyo aliishi takriban miaka [[milioni]] 70-100 iliyopita. Mifupa yake inaonyesha alikuwa mmoja wa [[Titanosauria]], [[kundi]] kubwa la [[Sauropoda]] waliokuwa na wanyama wakubwa zaidi walioishi kwenye [[nchi kavu]]. Kuna tabia zinazofanana na [[Malawisauri]] aliyepatikana kisehemu kwenye [[Malawi]] ya [[kaskazini]]. ==Tanbihi== <references/> ==Marejeo ya Nje== *[https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0211412 Eric Gorscak , Patrick M. O’Connor: A new African Titanosaurian Sauropod Dinosaur from the middle Cretaceous Galula Formation (Mtuka Member), Rukwa Rift Basin, Southwestern Tanzania], 13 Februari 2019, jarida ya PLOS *[https://www.ohio.edu/ucm/media/news-story.cfm?newsItem=124D4BAF-5056-A874-1DD0D9B064353E99 New dinosaur with heart-shaped tail provides evolutionary clues for African continent] {{Wayback|url=https://www.ohio.edu/ucm/media/news-story.cfm?newsItem=124D4BAF-5056-A874-1DD0D9B064353E99 |date=20190214080222 }}, tovuti ca Chuo Kikuu cha Ohio, tar 13 Februari 2019 *[https://www.livescience.com/64762-new-titanosaur-heart-shaped-tail.html Laura Geggel: Titanosaur the Size of a School Bus Had Heart-Shaped Tail Bones], tovuti ya livescience.com, tar 13-02-2019 [[Jamii:Dinosauri]] 3lwbnba1eoukhk6gh6kypsgc7a0gvp9 Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kelvin kevoo 3 137933 1593868 1593757 2026-09-01T14:29:54Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593868 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Diego Tinotenda Chikombeka''' (amezaliwa Februari 5, 1998), anajulikana kitaalamu kama Diego Tryno ni mwanamuziki wa kisasa wa mjini wa [[Zimbabwe na mwanamuziki]] wa [[hip-hop]]. Anajulikana pia nchini kwa majina ya jukwaani ikiwa ni pamoja na "Mr. Coffee Please" na "The Future Billionaire". == Maisha ya awali == Diego alizaliwa [[Mutare]], Zimbabwe katika Hospitali ya Wilaya ya [[Sakubva]].<ref> name =newsguard>{{Cite web | url=http://newsguard.co.zw/2019/12/02/manicaland-artiste-defies-odds/ |title = Msanii wa Manicaland amekaidi odds|date = 2019-12-02}}</ref> Alikuwa mtoto wa kwanza kuzaliwa na mama yake Fungisai Kanjera na baba yake Christopher Chikombwe. Alipokuwa akisoma shule ya msingi, alihamia [[Zvishavane] kwa muda na kurejea Mutare kumalizia elimu yake ya msingi. Alisomea Shule ya Upili ya Chikanga kabla ya kuhamia [[Harare]], na kumaliza shule ya upili katika Shule ya Upili ya Living Waters.<ref name=storify>{{Cite web | url=https://www.storifynews.com/the-curious-tale-of-the-southern-african-star-diego-and-his-industry/ |title = Hadithi ya Kustaajabisha ya nyota wa Kusini mwa Afrika Diego na wake sekta &#124; Storify News|tarehe = 2019-11-21}}</ref> Wakati wa masomo yake, Tryno alifanya mazoezi ya muziki faraghani, kwa kuwa wazazi wake hawakuvumilia uamuzi wake wa kutafuta muziki.<ref> name=newsday2>{{Cite web|url =https://www.newsday.co.zw/2019/10/diego-known-abroad-stranger-at-home/|title = Diego: Anajulikana nje ya nchi, mgeni nyumbani|tarehe = 2019-10-17}}</ref> == Kazi ya muziki == Aliwahi kufanya muziki wa [[Zimdancehall]] kwa jina Ricky D kabla ya kuhamia hip-hop.<ref name="newsguard" /> Tryno alirekodi wimbo wake wa kwanza wa hip-hop mwaka wa 2014 unaoitwa "Go Diego Go" na akashinda yake ya kwanza. tuzo ya kikanda katika Tuzo za Muziki za Zambezi mwaka huo huo.<ref> name=newsday1>{{Cite web|url = https://www.newsday.co.zw/2019/08/wanamuziki-wapigana-dhidi-graft|title = Mwanamuziki fight against graft|date = 26 August 2019}}</ref> Mnamo 2015 alifanya show yake ya kwanza ya moja kwa moja katika Summer Jam ikifuatiwa na ziara ya ngoma ya "I wanna see you".<ref name="Bulawayo24" /> Anafanya muziki nchini [[Lugha ya Kiingereza|Kiingereza]], [[Lugha ya Kishona|Shona]], na [[Lugha ya Kindebele cha Kaskazini|Ndebele]] na wimbo wake wa kwanza wa Kishona ulikuwa mwaka wa 2015 aliposhiriki katika wimbo na mwimbaji TC.<ref>{ {Taja mtandao | url=https://zimmagazine.com/10-things-you-didnt-know-about-diego-tryno-zimmagazine/ |title = Mambo 10 ambayo hukujua kuhusu Diego Tryno-Zimmagazine|tarehe = 2019-09- 17}}</ref><ref name="newsguard" /> Tryno amefanya kazi na watayarishaji wa kikanda na kimataifa katika utayarishaji wa muziki wake. Mtayarishaji mmoja mashuhuri alikuwa Dry AFM kutoka Botswana ambaye alichangia katika uchanganyaji wa wimbo wake Yolo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lounge263.co.zw/diegotryno/|title=Diego Tryno Dates Botswana Producer |last=Lounge263|date=2016-10-20|website=Lounge263 Mag|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/ 20190722005012/https://www.lounge263.co.zw/diegotryno/|archive-date=2019-07-22|url-status=dead}}</ref> === 2018 === Mnamo Oktoba 2018, Tryno alitoa albamu yake ya kwanza ''Lazarus (Age Volume 1)'' ambayo ilikuwa mchango wa kwanza wa mradi wake wa ''All Generations Entwined''.<ref>{{Cite web|url = https://blownaija .com/e-news-diego-tryno-and-all-generations-entwined-volumes-1-5-age-vol-1-5/|title = [E-Habari] Diego Tryno na Vizazi Vyote Juzuu 1- 5 (Umri Vol 1-5)|last = Blow|first = Baba|date = 15 Septemba 2019|tovuti = Blow Naija|language = en|access-date = 15 Novemba 2019}}</ref> Albamu ilitolewa mnamo ushirikiano na albamu ya msanii wa Hip-hop wa Zimbabwe Ti Gonzi "Best Mero" siku hiyo hiyo na ukumbi na wimbo wa kwanza uliaminika kimakosa kuwa Albamu ya Injili.<ref name="Hallelujahmag">{{cite web|url=https:/ /hallelujahmag.com/2019/12/05/kitambulisho-cha-wanamuziki-vipofu-kwa-aina-kwa-uinjilisti-sababu-kesi-ya-diego-tryno/|title=Wanamuziki wasioona utambulisho wa aina kwa ajili ya uinjilisti|kazi =Hallelujahmag|date=2019-12-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hmetro.co.zw/i-sing-hipu-hopu-not -hip-hop-ti-gonzi/|title=Naimba hipu hopu si hip hop – Ti Gonzi|last=H-Metro|website=H-Metro|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-07-21 }}</ref> Albamu ya kwanza ya Tryno ilisambazwa sana kwenye vituo vya redio vikiwemo Star Fm, ZiFm, Hevoi Fm huko Masvingo na SA's Metro Fm.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://globenews24.online/ahadi-zilizovunjika-zinatishia-kazi-ya-wasanii/ | title=Ahadi zilizovunjwa zinatishia kazi ya msanii &#124; Globenews24}}</ref> Baada ya albamu yake ya kwanza, Tryno alijaribu kuchanganya muziki wa kisasa wa mjini, sungura, injili, na asili ya Zimbabwe.<ref name="oyosnews">{{cite web|url=http://oyos.news /tengeneza-njia-kwa-new-hip-hop-influencers-diego-tryno-on-an-anti-graft-note|title = Wape njia washawishi wapya wa Hip-hop- Diego Tryno juu ya kupinga ufisadi kumbuka - OyOsNews - Habari zako zote za Zim Mtu Mashuhuri|last = Codingest|tarehe = 11 Novemba 2019|tovuti = OyOsNews|language = en|tarehe ya ufikiaji = 15 Novemba 2019}}</ref> Oktoba 30, 2018, Diego alitoa toleo lake la kwanza video "Mabvuta" moja kwa moja kwenye ZiFm Stereo na Zimbabwe [[ZBC TV]]. === 2019 === Mnamo mwaka wa 2019 Tryno alitoa wimbo wake ''Cooler Box'' ambao uliingia kwenye chati za redio za Zimbabwe na aliahidi kuachia albamu yake ya pili ''Stories (Age Vol 2)'' ambayo alishindwa kuitoa katika tarehe aliyoahidi na ikavutia. maoni hasi kutoka kwa mashabiki wake.<ref>https://www.thehararetimes.com/zim-hip-hop-artist-diego-tryno-delays-album-release-manager-blames-power-cuts/</ref> Desemba 2019 alikanusha uvumi kuhusu ziara nchini Kenya na akaghairi ziara nyingine zozote za uvumi.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://koenzagh.com/2019/12/17/diego-tryno-cancels-xmas-tour- inaondoa tetesi/ |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |access-date=2019-12-21 |archive-date=2019-12-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191221165821/https: //koenzagh.com/2019/12/17/diego-tryno-cancels-xmas-tour-clears-rumours/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Video == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Mwaka !Kichwa !Mkurugenzi !Kumb |- |2018 |Mabvuta |Media Empire | |- |2019 |Sungai ft Dj Monte |Denford Mkasi | |} ==Marejeleo== {{reflist|30em}} == Viungo vya nje == * [https://www.afro.video/en/artist/diego-tryno/ Video] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6FKTP34EKFU Wasifu] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mahojiano ya Zrsbl9UXGcw kwenye Star FM] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DEfrfvZJq88 Mahojiano kwenye Hevoi FM] [[Kitengo: Waliozaliwa 1998]] [[Jamii:Watu wanaoishi]] ==Kuhusu Vyanzo== Salamu, nakukumbusha kuwa, makala zote unazoandaa hakikisha zinakuwa na vyanzo na muundo unaoelewaka, makala yeyote kutoka katika Wikipedia ya Kiingeeza kama haina chanzo, basi usiweke katika Wikipidia ya Kiswahili, pitia makala zako kama za leo na uzifanyie marekebisho kabla ya kuendelea na makala nyingine,,Amani sana '''[[Mtumiaji:Idd ninga|Idd ninga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Idd ninga|majadiliano]])''' 11:12, 14 Septemba 2022 (UTC) ::Ndugu, hatuhitaji makala za Kiswenglish! Ukitumia mashine kutafsiri kutoka Kiingereza, sahihisha vizuri hadi ieleweke! Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:36, 14 Septemba 2022 (UTC) == Fwatilia Masahihisho == Ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Kelvin kevoo|Kelvin kevoo]] Hongera kwa juhudi zako za Uhariri katika wikipedia ya kiswahili. Hata ivyo ninakuomba kupitia ukurasa wa mabadiliko ya hivi karibuni ili kuona namna makala zako zinavyosahihishwa na wahariri wengine na ujifunze ili usirudie makosa yaleyele kila mara. Asante '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 13:13, 30 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :Narudia na kusisitiza ulichoambiwa tayari hapa juu. Mbona unarudiarudia makosa yale? Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:29, 5 Agosti 2026 (UTC) ::Nimeona nafuu kidogo, lakini bado hujaelewa kwamba ukiweka mabano kando ya namba yoyote, kiungo kitahusu mwaka. Kwa mfano, <nowiki>[[14]]</nowiki> si kiungo cha namba kumi na nne, bali cha mwaka 14 BK. Pia, katika mabano ya kwanza karibu na kichwa hakuna haja ya kuandika <nowiki>[[tarehe]]</nowiki>. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 08:57, 6 Agosti 2026 (UTC) :::Ndugu, endelea kufuatilia masahihisho. Kwa mfano, [[Nico Elvedi]], katika jamii usiandike tu nchi yake, bali <nowiki>[[jamii:wachezaji mpira wa Uswisi ]]</nowiki>. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 11:17, 14 Agosti 2026 (UTC) ==Utoaji mimba== Ndugu, unakubali kweli kwamba kutoa mimba ni haki? Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 11:13, 29 Agosti 2026 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] :Whether one personally considers abortion a right or not is a personal position and is not what determines Wikipedia's content. The relevant issue is what reliable sources say and how the subject is presented in a neutral manner. If the article states that a particular organisation considers access to safe abortion a women's right, that should be attributed to the organisation; an editor's personal religious or moral view should not determine whether that sourced viewpoint is mentioned. Wikipedia is supposed to describe significant viewpoints rather than adopt an editor's position on them. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 07:54, 30 Agosti 2026 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]] Do I need your permission to ask another user his/her own opinion in his/her talk page? '''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 14:58, 31 Agosti 2026 (UTC) :::I’m not trying to be offensive or tell you what you can or cannot ask another user (where did that even come from?). I’m simply pointing out the facts and explaining my concern about how the question was phrased based on the editor recent edit on Abortion pages. I respect that people have different personal and political views, but I think we should keep those views separate from how we interact with other editors and focus on the content and Wikipedia policies. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 18:55, 31 Agosti 2026 (UTC) ::::@[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]] Have you review all my recent edits on Abortion pages? If no, keep silent. If yes, show to me what was against Wikipedia policies. Thanks. First you said that I wrote to Kelvin kevoo authoritavely, then you youself deleted those words and said I went against those policies... It is because I deleted two pages very badly translated and quotations from Wikimedia source? --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 14:29, 1 Septemba 2026 (UTC) 8how8s8xcewezxm53odqpz96r2wfwen Gloria Sarfo 0 143874 1593867 1513012 2026-09-01T13:58:31Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593867 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Mwigizaji 2 | jina = Gloria Osei Sarfo | image = | maelezo ya picha = | jina la kuzaliwa = Gloria Osei Sarfo | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = | mahala pa kuzaliwa = Ghana | tarehe ya kufa = | mahala alipofia = | jina lingine = Gloria Sarfo | kazi yake = Mwigizaji na mtangazaji wa runinga | miaka ya kazi = | ndoa = | mahusiano ya kimapenzi = | tovuti = | academyawards = 2020 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice | afiawards = | arielaward = | baftaawards = | bfjaawards = | cesarawards = | emmyawards = | filmfareawards = | geminiawards = | goldencalfawards = | goldenglobeawards = | goldenraspberryawards = | goyaawards = | grammyawards = | iftaawards = | laurenceolivierawards = | naacpimageawards = | nationalfilmawards = | sagawards = | tonyawards = | awards = }} '''Gloria Osei Sarfo''' ni [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Ghana]] na [[mtangazaji]] wa [[runinga]]. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/I-ve-been-sidelined-and-ignored-for-long-Gloria-Sarfo-862390|title=I’ve been sidelined and ignored for long – Gloria Sarfo|website=www.ghanaweb.com|language=en|access-date=2020-03-16}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.modernghana.com/entertainment/58455/gloria-sarfo-shares-sorrowful-life-story-with-patr.html|title=Gloria Sarfo Shares Sorrowful Life Story with Patrons Of "Brave Not Broken" symposium|website=Modern Ghana|language=en|access-date=2020-03-16}}</ref> Alishinda Mwigizaji Bora msaidizi katika Tuzo za 2020 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice kwa uhusika wake katika [[filamu]] ya Shirley Frimping Manso ya The Perfect Picture - Miaka Kumi Baadaye. <ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/gloria-sarfo-wins-best-supporting-actress-award-at-amvca/|title=Gloria Sarfo wins Best Supporting Actress award at AMVCA|date=2020-03-14|website=MyJoyOnline.com|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-16}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://yen.com.gh/150287-gloria-sarfo-wins-ghanas-award-amvca-2020.html|title=Gloria Sarfo wins Ghana's only award at AMVCA 2020; video drops|last=Mensah|first=Jeffrey|date=2020-03-14|website=Yen.com.gh - Ghana news.|language=en|access-date=2020-03-16}}</ref> [[jamii:Arts and Feminism 2023]] ==Kazi== Sarfo alianza kazi yake ya uigizaji katikati ya miaka ya 2000, akiigiza katika ''Revele Films' Hotel Saint James''. Alipata umaarufu baada ya kucheza nafasi ya Nana Ama katika ''Efiewura''. <ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/showbiz/news/201908/389684.php|title=Insiders Giving Social Media Trolls Info - Actress Gloria Sarfo|last=Online|first=Peace FM|website=www.peacefmonline.com|access-date=2020-03-16|archive-date=2019-10-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191024160508/http://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/showbiz/news/201908/389684.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Tuzo== Sarfo alishinda Mwigizaji Bora msaididizi katika Tuzo za 2020 [[Africa Magic Viewers' Choice]]. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Gloria-Sarfo-speaks-on-AMVCA-nomination-860011|title=Gloria Sarfo speaks on AMVCA nomination|website=www.ghanaweb.com|language=en|access-date=2020-03-16}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.glitzafrica.com/gloria-sarfo-scores-first-amvca-nomination/|title=Gloria Sarfo scores first AMVCA nomination – Glitz Africa Magazine|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-16|archive-date=2021-10-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030073409/https://www.glitzafrica.com/gloria-sarfo-scores-first-amvca-nomination/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} [[Jamii:Arusha MoAC]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Ghana]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Ghana]] 6gr0934671a5x1g4xqa40dwww7nbjov Madingou, Bouenza 0 145948 1593942 1518760 2026-09-02T05:51:04Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593942 wikitext text/x-wiki '''{{PAGENAME}}''' ni [[mji]] uliopo katika [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]], [[mkoa wa Bouenza]]. Ndio [[makao makuu]] ya [[mkoa]] huo. [[Mwaka]] 2023 [[idadi]] ya watu ilikadiriwa kuwa 43.787.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://ins-congo.cg/download/populations-residentes-des-localites-du-congo/|title=Cinquieme Recensement General De La Population Et De L’habitation (RGPH-5): Populations Residentes Des Localites Du Congo|publisher=Institut National de la Statistique (INS)|access-date=2025-02-03|location=Brazzaville|format=PDF|language=fr|ref=CITEREFINS2023|archive-date=2024-09-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240909080215/https://ins-congo.cg/download/populations-residentes-des-localites-du-congo/?wpdmdl=4168&refresh=66deaa90329801725868688|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/congo/cities/|title=Congo (Rep.): Cities & Urban Localities|work=City Population|access-date=2025-02-03 |language=en |ref=CITEREFCity population2023}}</ref> ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya miji ya Jamhuri ya Kongo]] ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-jio-Afrika}} [[Jamii:Miji ya Jamhuri ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Mkoa wa Bouenza]] 8qbq9vahvkjv3j7e77n9szt5z781t2r Kinkala 0 145956 1593930 1517145 2026-09-02T01:39:07Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593930 wikitext text/x-wiki '''{{PAGENAME}}''' ni [[mji]] uliopo katika [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]], [[mkoa wa Pool]]. [[Mwaka]] 2023 [[idadi]] ya watu ilikadiriwa kuwa 23 413.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://ins-congo.cg/download/populations-residentes-des-localites-du-congo/|title=Cinquieme Recensement General De La Population Et De L’habitation (RGPH-5): Populations Residentes Des Localites Du Congo|publisher=Institut National de la Statistique (INS)|access-date=2025-02-03|location=Brazzaville|format=PDF|language=fr|ref=CITEREFINS2023|archive-date=2024-09-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240909080215/https://ins-congo.cg/download/populations-residentes-des-localites-du-congo/?wpdmdl=4168&refresh=66deaa90329801725868688|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/congo/cities/|title=Congo (Rep.): Cities & Urban Localities|work=City Population|access-date=2025-02-03 |language=en |ref=CITEREFCity population2023}}</ref> ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya miji ya Jamhuri ya Kongo]] ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-jio-Afrika}} [[Jamii:Miji ya Jamhuri ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Mkoa wa Pool]] gz7g8d8kr641ldm2908jt31zxtm133x Impfondo 0 145957 1593904 1514644 2026-09-01T18:34:41Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593904 wikitext text/x-wiki '''{{PAGENAME}}''' ni [[mji]] uliopo katika [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]], [[mkoa wa Likouala]]. [[Mwaka]] 2023 [[idadi]] ya watu ilikadiriwa kuwa 38,240.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://ins-congo.cg/download/populations-residentes-des-localites-du-congo/|title=Cinquieme Recensement General De La Population Et De L’habitation (RGPH-5): Populations Residentes Des Localites Du Congo|publisher=Institut National de la Statistique (INS)|access-date=2025-02-03|location=Brazzaville|format=PDF|language=fr|ref=CITEREFINS2023|archive-date=2024-09-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240909080215/https://ins-congo.cg/download/populations-residentes-des-localites-du-congo/?wpdmdl=4168&refresh=66deaa90329801725868688|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/congo/cities/|title=Congo (Rep.): Cities & Urban Localities|work=City Population|access-date=2025-02-03 |language=en |ref=CITEREFCity population2023}}</ref> ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya miji ya Jamhuri ya Kongo]] ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-jio-Afrika}} [[Jamii:Miji ya Jamhuri ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Mkoa wa Likouala]] nevu06mxq8ktfu1lin29pbgpp0aei8s Josephine Omaka 0 146891 1593919 1572994 2026-09-01T21:56:18Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593919 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person |jina = Josephine Ada Omaka |picha = |maelezo_ya_picha = |tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = [[29 Novemba]] [[1993]] |mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = [[Nigeria]] |tarehe_ya_kufariki = |mahala_alipofia = |majina_mengine = |anafahamika kwa = |kazi_yake = Mwanariadha |nchi = [[Nigeria]] }} '''Josephine Ada Omaka''' (alizaliwa [[29 Novemba|29 Novemba,]] [[1993]]) ni [[mwanariadha]] na mkimbiaji kutoka nchini [[Nigeria]]. Alishiriki katika [[mashindano]] ya ndani na kimataifa katika [[riadha]] akiwakilisha Nigeria<ref>{{cite web|url=https://worldathletics.org/athletes/nigeria/josephine-ada-omaka-242617|title=Athletics Josephine Omaka |publisher= World Athletics Organisation |date=3 January 2014 |accessdate=9 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.olympic.org/josephine-omaka|title=Athletics Josephine Omaka |publisher= Olympic Organisation |date=3 January 2014 |accessdate=9 May 2020}}</ref>. ==Kazi== Josephine Ada Omaka alianza taaluma yake kama mwanariadha wa mbio za chini na mkimbiaji wa kuruka viunzi nchini Nigeria ambapo anashiriki mashindano mbalimbali ya ndani. Alishinda medali kuu za dhahabu za ushindani katika Olimpiki ya Vijana ya 2011 na 2010 katika riadha katika hafla za mita 100 na pia alishiriki katika mbio za mita 4 × 100 za kupokezana maji katika Mashindano ya Dunia ya Vijana katika Riadha ya 2012 ambayo yalifanyika katika Kampuni ya Estadi Olímpic on Lluí3s na 14 Julai <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.athleticsnigeria.org/afn/news/2010-05-20/omaka-shines-nigeria-sweep-olympic-youth-qualifiers-dakar.html|title=Athletics Nigeria: Josephine Omaka Shines, Nigeria Sweeps Olympic Youth Qualifiers Dakar|publisher=Athletics Nigeria Organisation|date=3 January 2014|accessdate=9 May 2020|archive-date=2019-11-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191120125032/https://www.athleticsnigeria.org/afn/news/2010-05-20/omaka-shines-nigeria-sweep-olympic-youth-qualifiers-dakar.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.olympic.org/news/celebrating-the-pride-of-africa|title= Celebrating Pride of Africa |publisher= Olympic Organisation |date=3 January 2014 |accessdate=9 May 2020}}</ref>pia alishinda tukio la 2009 la Ubingwa wa Vijana wa Kiafrika katika kitengo cha mita 100 na fedha nyingine katika mbio za kupokezana za mita 4*100 za Nigeria mwaka wa 2009 pamoja na Margaret Benson, Goodness Thomas na Wisdom Isoken. Zaidi ya hayo, alishiriki katika timu ya Afrika ya mbio za mita 4 × 400 kushinda medali za fedha katika Olimpiki ya Vijana ya 2010 na Nkiruka Florence Nwakwe, Izelle Neuhoff na Bukola Abogunloko<ref name="JOSEPHY">{{cite web |url=http://www.tilastopaja.eu/db/at.php?Sex=2&ID=63376 |title=Tilastopaja Female Athlete ID:Josephine Omaka |publisher=Tilastopaja |date=3 January 2014 |accessdate=9 July 2014 }}{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.worldathletics.org/athletes/_/242617|title=World Athletics IDENTITY:Josephine Omaka |publisher= World Athletics Organisation |date=3January 2014 |accessdate=9 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2010/06/omaka-drops-out-golden-league/|title=Athletics Josephine Omaka Drops-out Golden League |publisher= Vanguard Newspaper Nigeria |date=3 January 2014 |accessdate=9 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.zimbio.com/Josephine+Omaka|title=Athletics Josephine Omaka |publisher= Zimbio |date=3 January 2014 |accessdate=9 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201008270743.html|title= Nigeria female athletes outshine their male counterpart |publisher= All Africa |date=3 January 2014 |accessdate=9 May 2020}}</ref>. ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1993]] [[Jamii:WikiVibrance Tanzania]] q37ha2fpqb05upm8rrgjwr3r2d4749w Godfrey Calvin Magila 0 180113 1593939 1584349 2026-09-02T04:50:18Z ~2026-47649-14 92100 /* Maisha ya awali na elimu */ 1593939 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Godfrey Calvin Magila''' (alizaliwa [[mkoa wa Mbeya|mkoani Mbeya]], 29 Februari 1992 <ref name=":0">https://www.startupgrind.com/events/details/startup-grind-dar-es-salaam-presents-godfrey-magila-magilatech-company-ltd/</ref>) ni mhandisi wa programu za kompyuta, mtaalamu wa usalama wa kimtandao na mwekezaji. Ndiye mwanzilishi na Afisa Mtendaji Mkuu wa Magilatech, kampuni ya teknolojia yenye makao yake makuu jijini Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Kampuni hiyo inajihusisha na usalama wa kimtandao, ukaguzi wa mifumo, tathmini ya udhaifu wa mifumo na utengenezaji wa programu na mifumo mbalimbali. === Maisha ya awali na elimu === Baba yake alifariki dunia akiwa na umri wa miezi mitatu, huku mama yake akifariki alipokuwa na umri wa miaka mitano. Kuanzia mwaka 1998, alilelewa na mjomba wake aliyekuwa Afisa wa usafirishaji pamoja na shangazi yake aliyekuwa mwalimu wa shule ya sekondari. Kwa bahati mbaya, shangazi yake alifariki dunia mwaka 2010 na mjomba wake akafariki mwaka uliofuata Alipata elimu ya sekondari ya juu katika Shule ya Sekondari Mbezi Beach, jijini Dar es Salaam. Akiwa shuleni, alitengeneza programu iliyoitwa Sauti ya Yatima Tanzania. Programu hiyo ilikusudiwa kuwezesha mawasiliano kupitia kompyuta na kuunganisha vilabu vya shule vilivyokuwa vikishirikiana na mashirika yasiyo ya kiserikali katika maeneo mbalimbali duniani. Hata hivyo, mradi huo haukufanikiwa kutokana na changamoto ya upatikanaji wa huduma za intaneti miongoni mwa wanafunzi.<ref name=":3">https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/magazines/success/how-a-passionate-gamer-built-a-tech-company-3799654</ref> Mwaka 2010, alijiunga na Taasisi ya Usimamizi wa Fedha (IFM), ambako alihitimu Shahada ya Uhasibu na Fedha. === Kazi na ushiriki katika programu mbalimbali === Mwaka 2011, akiwa bado mwanafunzi, Magila alishiriki katika mashindano ya kitaifa ya mawazo bunifu ya TEHAMA yaliyoandaliwa na Tume ya Taifa ya Sayansi na Teknolojia (COSTECH), wakati wa Maonesho ya Nane Nane. Alikuwa miongoni mwa washindi wa mashindano hayo na baadaye akapata nafasi ya kulelewa na Dar Teknohama Business Incubator (DTBi). Atamizi yenye lengo la kulea, kukuza na kuziwezesha kibiashara kampuni changa zinazochipukia katika sekta ya Teknolojia ya Habari na Mawasiliano (TEHAMA).<ref name=":0" /> === Kuanzishwa kwa Magilatech === Baada ya mashindano hayo, Magila alianzisha Kampuni ya Magilatech Limited. Mwanzoni, kampuni hiyo ilijikita katika utengenezaji wa programu na mifumo, tathmini ya udhaifu wa mifumo na utoaji wa huduma za usalama wa kimtandao.<ref name=":1" /> Magilatech iliendelea kukua na kutengeneza mifumo kwa kampuni na taasisi mbalimbali ndani na nje ya Tanzania. Mwaka 2019, kampuni hiyo ilipanua shughuli zake kwa kufungua ofisi Dubai.<ref name=":2" /> * Akiwa Afisa Mtendaji Mkuu wa Magilatech, Magila ameongoza utekelezaji wa miradi mbalimbali ya kiteknolojia. Miradi hiyo ni pamoja na: * Mobile Parliament, mfumo uliobuniwa kuwawezesha wananchi kushiriki katika mijadala ya Bunge kwa wakati halisi kupitia simu za mkononi; * MagBack, mfumo kwa ajili ya kuhifadhi na kurejesha data pamoja na kulinda simu; * Mfumo wa Taarifa za Ukusanyaji wa Mapato ya Serikali za Mitaa (LGRCIS); * Mifumo ya usimamizi wa mapato ya Serikali ya Mkoa wa Kinshasa, katika Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo; * VSOMO, jukwaa la mafunzo ya ufundi lililotengenezwa kwa ushirikiano na Airtel Tanzania pamoja na Mamlaka ya Elimu na Mafunzo ya Ufundi Stadi (VETA);na * Mifumo mbalimbali katika viwanja vya ndege vikiwemo vya Jamhuri ya kidemkrasia ya Kongo na Falme za Kiarabu. === Shughuli nyingine === Magila ameshiriki katika programu mbalimbali za mafunzo ya teknolojia na ujasiriamali nchini Tanzania. Aliwahi kuwa mkufunzi wa wakufunzi chini ya mpango wa Microsoft 4Afrika. Pia ametambuliwa kuwa mtaalamu wa kitaifa wa Tanzania katika Tuzo za World Summit Awards (WSA). <ref name=":0" /> Mwaka 2016, Magilatech ilishirikiana kibiashara na Millicom (Tigo) kuzindua programu ya ulinzi na uhifadhi wa taarifa iliyojulikana kama Tigo Backup. Tangu wakati huo, Magila amekuwa mwekezaji katika masoko ya hisa mbalimbali barani Africa hususani kwenye kampuni za tehama na taasisi za fedha zinazotumia teknolojia.<ref name=":3" /> === Uhisani === Kutokana na kupoteza wazazi wake akiwa na umri mdogo na kujifunza mwenyewe utengenezaji wa programu, Magila ameweka msisitizo katika kusaidia watoto yatima na makundi yenye uhitaji. Kupitia Magilatech, amekuwa akishiriki katika shughuli za kijamii zinazohusisha elimu ya teknolojia, ujasiriamali na utoaji wa msaada wa kifedha kwa watoto wasio na walezi. Pia amechangia katika upatikanaji wa ardhi na ujenzi wa miundombinu kwa ajili ya vituo vya watoto yatima nchini. === Kutambuliwa hadharani === Katika hotuba zinazohusu ukuaji wa biashara za ndani, viongozi mbalimbali wa kitaifa, akiwemo Rais wa Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania, Mheshimiwa Samia Suluhu Hassan, wamemtaja Magila kama mfano wa kijana mjasiriamali wa teknolojia aliyefanikiwa kukuza kampuni ya ndani na kupanua shughuli zake kimataifa. Kwa sasa, Magilatech inaendesha shughuli zake nchini Tanzania, Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo na Dubai, ikitoa huduma za utengenezaji wa mifumo na usalama wa kimtandao.<ref name=":2">https://millardayo.com/magiladubai/</ref><ref name=":1">https://millardayo.com/rais-samia-atambua-mchango-mkubwa-wa-magila-tech-aeleza-mipango-ya-serikali-katika-hili/</ref> == Tuzo na Teuzi == # Start-up World Africa - Top Ten Finalist (2012) # Innovation Fund  award  for best app (2014) # Global Recognition  Of Excellence - ITU Hungary (2015) # 30 Under 30 By Forbes (2017) # Innovator of the year - All Africa Bussiness Learders ( Awards AABLA ) - East Africa (2017) # Top100 midsized Companies By KPMG, The Citizen (2018) == Marejeo == <references /> == Viungo vya nje == # https://wsa-global.org/person/3535/ # https://talkafricana.com/forbes-africa-list-of-30-under-30-most-promising-young-african-entrepreneurs-2017/ # https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/magazines/success/tanzania-s-top-tech-players-share-pathways-to-success-4098672 # https://www.bellanaija.com/2017/06/forbes-africa-30-under-30-2017-list-see-young-entrepreneurs-doing-great-things/ {{mbegu-Mtanzania}} {{BD|1982|}} [[Jamii:wajasiriamali wa Tanzania]] 2uorhm90q1ylclvxyn81lwj2tktkczj Diana Spencer 0 184585 1593943 1345007 2026-09-02T06:02:27Z Willyfred Philemon 90120 1593943 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Diana, Princess of Wales 1997 (2).jpg|thumb|Diana, Malkia mdogo wa Wales (1997).]] '''Diana Frances Spencer''' (almaarufu kama Diana, Malkia mdogo wa Wales; Park House, [[Sandringham]], [[Uingereza]], Julai 1, 1961 - [[Paris]], [[Ufaransa]], Agosti 31, 1997) alikuwa mtoto wa tatu wa John Spencer, Earl Spencer wa Nane, na Frances Shand Kydd. Diana alikulia katika familia ya kikabaila, na wazazi wake walitalikiana alipokuwa na umri wa miaka saba, jambo lililoathiri sana maisha yake ya utotoni. Diana alisoma katika shule za binafsi nchini [[Uingereza]] na [[Uswizi]]. Alijulikana kwa urafiki wake na watoto wengine na alikuwa na kipaji cha michezo, hasa kuogelea na kupiga kinanda. Baada ya kuhitimu shule, alifanya kazi kama mwalimu wa chekechea na pia alifanya kazi kama msaidizi katika shule ya watoto wadogo. Mnamo 1980, Diana alikutana na [[Charles, Prince of Wales]], na baada ya kipindi kifupi cha uchumba, walifunga ndoa tarehe 29 Julai 1981 katika Kanisa la St. Paul Cathedral, sherehe iliyotazamwa na mamilioni ya watu duniani kote. Walijaliwa watoto wawili, [[Prince William]] alizaliwa mwaka 1982 na [[Prince Harry]] alizaliwa mwaka 1984. Kama Princess of Wales, Diana alijitolea kwa shughuli nyingi za kijamii na za hisani. Alikuwa mstari wa mbele katika kampeni za kuongeza ufahamu kuhusu [[UKIMWI]], ugonjwa wa [[ukoma]], na afya ya akili. Aliwasaidia sana watu waliokuwa wakiishi na virusi vya HIV/AIDS, akijaribu kuondoa unyanyapaa uliokuwa umezunguka ugonjwa huo. Diana pia alijulikana kwa kazi yake katika kampeni ya kupinga mabomu ya ardhini, na alitembelea maeneo yenye mabomu ya ardhini kama [[Angola]] na [[Bosnia]]. Mbali na kazi zake za hisani, Diana pia alikumbukwa kwa mtindo wake wa kipekee na uhusiano wake na vyombo vya habari. Alipendwa na umma kwa urembo wake, utu wake, na uwezo wake wa kuwasiliana kwa urahisi na watu wa kawaida. Hata hivyo, ndoa yake na Prince Charles haikuwa na furaha, na walitangaza kutengana mwaka 1992 na hatimaye kuachana mwaka 1996. Diana alifariki kwa ajali ya gari pamoja na mpenzi wake, Dodi Fayed, na dereva wao, Henri Paul. Kifo chake kilisababisha majonzi makubwa duniani kote, na mamilioni ya watu walikusanyika kumpa heshima zao za mwisho. Diana anakumbukwa kwa moyo wake wa huruma na kazi yake ya hisani ambayo ilibadilisha maisha ya watu wengi. Alileta mwanga na matumaini kwa wale waliokuwa wakiteseka, na urithi wake unaendelea kuishi kupitia kazi za hisani zinazofanywa na watoto wake, Prince William na Prince Harry. == Elimu na Kazi == Diana alipata elimu yake ya awali nyumbani chini ya uangalizi wa mlezi wake wa kike, Gertrude Allen.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20000819020342/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/longterm/diana/stories/glamor0901.htm</ref> Baadaye alianza elimu rasmi katika '''[[Silfield Private School]]''' huko King’s Lynn, [[Norfolk]]. Akiwa na umri wa miaka tisa, alijiunga na Riddlesworth Hall School, shule ya bweni ya wasichana iliyokuwa karibu na Thetford. Mwaka '''1973''', Diana alijiunga na dada zake katika West Heath Girls’ School huko Sevenoaks, Kent. Hata hivyo, hakufanya vizuri sana kitaaluma. Alifeli mitihani yake ya O-level mara mbili. Pamoja na changamoto hizo za masomo, Diana alitambuliwa kwa moyo wake wa kujitolea na kuwajali wengine, na alipokea tuzo ya shule kwa mchango wake katika jamii. Aliondoka shuleni akiwa na umri wa miaka '''16'''.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170124095030/https://www.royal.uk/diana-princess-wales</ref> Kaka yake Charles alimkumbuka Diana kama mtu mwenye aibu na mwenye haya katika kipindi hicho. Hata hivyo, alikuwa na vipaji mbalimbali. Alikuwa mpiga [[piano]] mzuri, alifanya vizuri katika kuogelea na kupiga mbizi, na pia alisoma ballet na tap dance.<ref>https://archive.org/details/dianachronicles00brow_0/page/n11/mode/2up</ref> ==Marejeo== *Morton, A. (1992). ''Diana: Her True Story''. Michael O'Mara Books. *Brown, T. (2007). ''The Diana Chronicles.'' Random House. *Smith, S. (1999). ''Diana: The Life of a Troubled Princess''. HarperCollins. *Bradford, S. (2006). ''Diana''. Viking. *Penny Junor (1998). ''Charles: Victim or Villain?'' HarperCollins. *Tina Brown (2011). ''The Diana Chronicles''. Doubleday. *Andrew Morton (2010). ''Diana: In Pursuit of Love''. Michael O'Mara Books. *Paul Burrell (2003). ''A Royal Duty''. HarperCollins. *Monckton, C. (2005). ''Diana: A Princess Remembered''. Pavilion Books. *Kelley, K. (1997). ''The Royals''. Warner Books. {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1961|1997}} [[Jamii:wanawake wa Uingereza]] li7tlyc4n1lc1fp58dylq31ifyhwa2q Kumbukumbu ya Mauaji ya Kimbari ya Kigali 0 184742 1593933 1473044 2026-09-02T02:47:24Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593933 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kumbukumbu ya Mauaji ya Kimbari ya Kigali''' ni eneo la kumbukumbu jijini [[Kigali]] nchini [[Rwanda]], lililojengwa kwa heshima ya wahanga wa mauaji ya kimbari ya mwaka [[1994]]. Inajumuisha makaburi, maonyesho, na vituo vya elimu kuhusu mauaji hayo. Kumbukimbu hii inatoa heshima kwa waathirika, inafundisha kuhusu madhara ya [[mauaji ya kimbari]], na inakuza [[amani]] na maridhiano. Ni kivutio cha utalii na sehemu muhimu kwa urejeleaji wa jamii ya Rwanda<ref name=kgm>{{cite web |url=http://www.kgm.rw/ |title=Kigali Genocide Memorial |website=www.kgm.rw |accessdate=2024-07-26 |archive-date=2025-09-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250909215218/https://kgm.rw/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-historia}} [[Jamii:makumbusho ya Rwanda]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Rwanda]] [[Jamii:Kigali]] cbx4832aauzwd9iypxhkqm3w16drnmf Mamy Baby 0 188607 1593944 1579683 2026-09-02T06:46:42Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593944 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mkuwe Isale''' (anajulikana kama '''Mamy Baby'''; amezaliwa [[Tabora (mji)|Tabora]], [[Novemba 12]], [[1989]]) ni mtangazaji wa redio na mwanahabari kutoka [[Tanzania]]. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2018-01-21|title=Clouds FM Top 20: List ya midundo 20 ya wiki, leo January 21, 2018 - Millard Ayo|url=https://millardayo.com/8c1ls/|accessdate=2024-09-30|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2017-04-02|title=CloudsFM Top 20: Ngoma 20 kali zilizopangwa kwenye list leo April 2 - Millard Ayo|url=https://millardayo.com/twn20/|accessdate=2024-09-30|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=BMT {{!}} DADA HOOD KUUNGA MKONO JUHUDI ZA RAIS SAMIA KUINUA MICHEZO YA WANAWAKE.|url=https://www.bmt.go.tz/news/dada-hood-kuunga-mkono-juhudi-za-rais-samia-kuinua-michezo-ya-wanawake|accessdate=2024-09-30|work=www.bmt.go.tz|archive-date=2024-10-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241009004859/https://www.bmt.go.tz/news/dada-hood-kuunga-mkono-juhudi-za-rais-samia-kuinua-michezo-ya-wanawake|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Yahu|first=Joel|date=2024-02-16|title=AUDIO Rosa Ree Ft Chemical X Frida Amani X S2kizzy X Mamy Baby (Dada Hood) - Naona Love MP3 DOWNLOAD — citiMuzik|url=https://www.citimuzik.com/2024/02/audio-rosa-ree-ft-chemical-x-frida-amani-x-s2kizzy-x-mamy-baby-dada-hood-naona-love-mp3-download.html|accessdate=2024-09-30|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Citation|title=DADA HOOD NAONA LOVE ROSA REE X CHEMICAL X FRIDA AMANI X S 2 KIZZY X MAMY BABY|url=https://archive.org/details/dadahoodnaonaloverosareexchemicalxfridaamanixs2kizzyxmamybaby|access-date=2024-09-30}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Digital|first=Mtanzania|date=2017-06-24|title=DADA HOOD; ILIKUWA BONGE LA CHEMISTRY AISEE!|url=https://mtanzania.co.tz/dada-hood-ilikuwa-bonge-la-chemistry-aisee/|accessdate=2024-09-30|work=Mtanzania|language=en-US|archive-date=2024-12-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241216130324/https://mtanzania.co.tz/dada-hood-ilikuwa-bonge-la-chemistry-aisee/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Isale alizaliwa kwenye familia ya kichifu ya [[Wanyamwezi]], Fundikira. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tribute To Chief Fundikira|url=https://venansioahabwe.com/news/tribute-to-chief-fundikira|accessdate=2024-10-08|work=venansioahabwe.com|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea jarida|last=Rockel|first=Stephen J.|date=June 2019|title=The Tutsi and the Nyamwezi: Cattle, Mobility, and the Transformation of Agro-Pastoralism in Nineteenth-Century Western Tanzania|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/history-in-africa/article/abs/tutsi-and-the-nyamwezi-cattle-mobility-and-the-transformation-of-agropastoralism-in-nineteenthcentury-western-tanzania/1AA1CAC7FAE61611D6706B3A5F04297F|journal=History in Africa|language=en|volume=46|pages=231–261|doi=10.1017/hia.2019.5|issn=0361-5413}}</ref> Alianza elimu yake rasmi katika [[Shule ya msingi|Shule ya Msingi Isike]] na baadaye akajiunga na Shule ya Sekondari ya Kazima. Akiongozwa na shauku ya mawasiliano na kusimulia hadithi, aliamua kusoma [[uandishi wa habari]], na kupata Diploma ya Juu kutoka Chuo cha Royal cha Uandishi wa Habari. Msingi huu wa taaluma yake katika media ndio chanzo cha kazi yake katika [[vyombo vya habari]] na zaidi.. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2022-11-19|title=MamyBaby|url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/directory/mamybaby|accessdate=2024-10-08|work=Music In Africa|language=en|archive-date=2024-10-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241008210211/https://www.musicinafrica.net/directory/mamybaby|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Maisha ya binafsi == Mnamo [[Desemba 30]], [[2022]], Mamy Baby alisherehekea tukio muhimu katika maisha yake binafsi kwa kufunga ndoa na [[Dk. Hassan Abbas]], aliyekuwa Katibu Mkuu wa [[Wizara ya Habari, Vijana, Utamaduni na Michezo|Wizara ya Habari, Utamaduni, Sanaa na Michezo nchini Tanzania]] . <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2022-12-30|title=Dkt. Hassan Abbas Afunga Ndoa na Mtangazaji wa Clouds Mamy Baby – Video|url=https://globalpublishers.co.tz/dkt-hassan-abbas-afunga-ndoa-na-mtangazaji-wa-clouds-mamy-baby-video/|accessdate=2024-09-30|work=Global Publishers|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2022-12-30|title=Dk Abbas afunga ndoa na Mamy Baby wa Clouds - HabariLeo|url=https://habarileo.co.tz/dk-abbasi-afunga-ndoa-na-mamy-baby-wa-clouds/|accessdate=2024-09-30|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Dk Hassan Abbas katibu mkuu Wizara ya Habari, Utamaduni, Sanaa na Michezo – Bongo5.com|url=https://bongo5.com/dk-hassan-abbas-katibu-mkuu-wizara-ya-habari-utamaduni-sanaa-na-michezo-04-2021/|accessdate=2024-10-02|work=bongo5.com}}</ref> Dk Hassan Abbas kwa sasa ni Katibu Mkuu wa [[Wizara ya Maliasili na Utalii]] nchini Tanzania. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Dkt. Abbas katibu Mkuu Wizara ya Maliasili na Utalii – Bongo5.com|url=https://bongo5.com/dkt-abbas-katibu-mkuu-wizara-ya-maliasili-na-utalii-02-2023/|accessdate=2024-10-02|work=bongo5.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2023-02-26|title=President Samia makes changes in cabinet and regional administration|url=https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/news/national/president-samia-makes-changes-in-cabinet-and-regional-administration-4138402|accessdate=2024-10-02|work=The Citizen|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Habari {{!}} Wizara ya Ulinzi na Jeshi la Kujenga Taifa|url=https://www.modans.go.tz/news/780|accessdate=2024-10-02|work=www.modans.go.tz}}</ref> == Kazi == Kazi ya Mamy Baby katika vyombo vya habari ilianza mwaka [[2009]] [[Arusha (mji)|mjini Arusha]], ambapo alifanya kazi katika Mambo Jambo (MJ FM). Shauku yake ya redio ilimpelekea kujiunga na Radio 5, ambapo alifanya kazi kuanzia mwaka [[2011]] hadi [[2013]]. Mnamo mwaka 2013, alijiunga na East Africa Radio, ambapo alihost kipindi cha The Cruise pamoja na [[Sam Misago]] na [[DJ Sinyorita]] hadi mwaka [[2015]]. Mnamo mwaka [[2016]], Mamy Baby alihamia [[Clouds FM]], ambapo alikua sehemu ya timu ya XXL, kipindi bora cha burudani katika kituo hicho.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=XXL ya Clouds FM yafunga mwaka na Wanavyuo Tanzania – Bongo5.com|url=https://bongo5.com/xxl-ya-clouds-fm-yafunga-mwaka-na-wanavyuo-tanzania-12-2021/|accessdate=2024-10-02|work=bongo5.com}}</ref> Pamoja na B Dozen, [[Adam Mchomvu]] na [[KenedyTheRemedy]], <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Mama alinifundisha maisha, namna ya kuwajali wanawake wengine – Jux – Bongo5.com|url=https://bongo5.com/mama-alinifundisha-maisha-namna-ya-kuwajali-wanawake-wengine-jux-03-2021/|accessdate=2024-10-02|work=bongo5.com}}</ref> alendelea kujenga sifa yake kama mmoja wa sauti zinazotambulika zaidi katika redio ya burudani nchini Tanzania.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Vuta N'kuvute: Dj Sinyorita na Mami wa EA Radio wachukuliwa na... – Bongo5.com|url=https://bongo5.com/vuta-nkuvute-dj-sinyorita-na-mami-wa-ea-radio-wachukuliwa-na-04-2016/|accessdate=2024-09-30|work=bongo5.com}}</ref> == Mchango na Ushawishi == Clouds FM, Mamy Baby amekuwa na mchango mkubwa katika kuutangaza [[Muziki wa Tanzania|muziki na utamaduni wa Kitanzania]]. Mamy anaendelea kuleta mabadiliko kupitia ''DADA HOOD'', mpango wake unaojitolea kuwatia moyo na kuwaelekeza wasichana Vijana. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2022-03-08|title=SIKU YA WANAWAKE Warembo wanavyoupiga mwingi Bongo {{!}} JAMHURI MEDIA|url=https://www.jamhurimedia.co.tz/siku-ya-wanawake-warembo-wanavyoupiga-mwingi-bongo/|accessdate=2024-10-02|work=www.jamhurimedia.co.tz|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=zanzinews.com|title=Wasanii wa Kike Dada Hood,BMT Kuunga Mkono Juhudi za Rais Mhe. Samia Suluhu Kusaidia Michezo Nchini.|url=http://www.zanzinews.com/2022/02/wasanii-wa-kike-dada-hoodbmt-kuunga.html|accessdate=2024-09-30|work=ZanziNews}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=mzalendoeditor|date=2022-02-23|title=WASANII WAKIKE, DADAHOOD, BMT KUUNGA MKONO JUHUDI ZA RAIS SAMIA KUSAIDIA MICHEZO NCHINI|url=https://mzalendo.co.tz/2022/02/23/dada-hood-kuunga-mkono-juhudi-za-rais-samia-kusaidia-michezo-nchini/|accessdate=2024-09-30|work=Mzalendo|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=News {{!}}MINISTRY OF CULTURE ARTS AND SPORTS|url=https://www.michezo.go.tz/news/wasanii-wakike-dadahood-bmt-kuunga-mkono-juhudi-za-rais-samia-kusaidia-michezo-nchini|accessdate=2024-09-30|work=www.michezo.go.tz|archive-date=2024-10-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241009035237/https://www.michezo.go.tz/news/wasanii-wakike-dadahood-bmt-kuunga-mkono-juhudi-za-rais-samia-kusaidia-michezo-nchini|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{BD|1989|}} [[Jamii:Watangazaji wa Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Tanzania]] gtq9stv5eb7c7jwez224s380rqt4wlu Lily Tomlin 0 204509 1593924 1518188 2026-09-01T22:37:01Z En hai ahne 92099 File 1593924 wikitext text/x-wiki {{tafsiri kompyuta}} [[File:Lily Tomlin.jpg|thumb|Lily Tomlin (2009)]] '''Mary Jean "Lily" Tomlin''' (alizaliwa [[1 Septemba]] [[1939]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], mcheshi, [[mwandishi]], [[mwimbaji]], na mtayarishaji wa [[Marekani]]. Tomlin alianza kazi yake katika ucheshi wa kusimama na [[ucheshi]] wa sketsi kabla ya kubadilisha [[kazi]] yake kuwa ya uigizaji kwenye jukwaa na skrini. Katika kazi iliyochukua zaidi ya miaka hamsini, Tomlin amepokea tuzo nyingi, ikiwa ni pamoja na Tuzo za Emmy saba, Tuzo ya Grammy, Tuzo za Tony mbili, na uteuzi wa Tuzo ya Academy. Pia alipewa Heshima ya Kennedy Center mwaka wa 2014 na Tuzo ya Mafanikio ya Maisha ya Screen Actors Guild mwaka wa 2017. Tomlin alianza kazi yake kama mcheshi wa kusimama na pia akicheza nje ya Broadway katika miaka ya 1960. Jukumu lake la kwanza lililomudu maarufu lilikuwa katika kipindi cha aina mbalimbali cha Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In kuanzia [[1969]] hadi [[1973]]. Jukumu lake la saini, ambalo liliandikwa na mpenzi wake wa wakati huo (sasa mke wake) Jane Wagner, lilikuwa katika onyesho la "''The Search for Signs of Intelligent Life in the Universe,''" ambalo lilifunguliwa Broadway mwaka wa [[1985]] na kumudu pata Tomlin Tuzo ya Tony ya [[Mwigizaji]] Bora katika Mchezo wa Kuigiza. Alishinda Tuzo za Emmy kwa ajili ya kipindi maalum cha Lily ([[1973]]) na akapokea [[Tuzo ya Grammy]] ya Albamu Bora ya Ucheshi kwa "''This Is a Recording''" ([[1972]]).<ref>{{cite news|title=Monitor|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_entertainment-weekly_2013-09-06_1275/page/24|newspaper=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|date=September 6, 2013 | issue = 1275 | page = 25}}</ref><ref>[https://variety.com/2016/film/news/lily-tomlin-sag-lifetime-achievement-1201830410/ Lily Tomlin Lifetime Achievement SAG] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171007021257/http://variety.com/2016/film/news/lily-tomlin-sag-lifetime-achievement-1201830410/ |date=October 7, 2017 }} accessed 9/2/2016</ref> Mnamo 1975, Tomlin alifanya filamu yake ya kwanza na "''Nashville''" ya Robert Altman, ambayo ilimudu pata uteuzi wa [[Tuzo ya Academy]] ya Mwigizaji Bora wa Kusaidia. Mnamo [[1977]], [[uigizaji]] wake kama Margo Sperling katika "The Late Show" ulimudu shindia Silver Bear ya Mwigizaji Bora na uteuzi wa Tuzo ya Golden Globe na BAFTA ya Mwigizaji Bora. Filamu zake zingine za kutambulika ni pamoja na "''All of Me''" (1984), "Big Business" ([[1988]]), "''Flirting with Disaster''" (1996), "Tea with Mussolini" ([[1999]]), "I Heart Huckabees" ([[2004]]), "''A Prairie Home Companion''" (2006), na "Grandma" (2015).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0005499/awards|title=Lily Tomlin|website=IMDb|access-date=2019-09-05|archive-date=March 8, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308075748/https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0005499/awards|url-status=live}}</ref> Tomlin anajulikana kwa ushirikiano wake na Jane Fonda akiigiza katika filamu za "9 to 5" (1980), "80 for Brady" ([[2023]]), na "Moving On" ([[2023]]). Pia aliigiza pamoja na Fonda katika mfululizo wa Netflix wa "Grace and Frankie," uliodumu kuanzia 2015 hadi [[2022]]. Alipata uteuzi wa Tuzo za Primetime Emmy nne za Mwigizaji Bora wa Kiongozi katika Mfululizo wa Ucheshi. Kuanzia [[2002]] hadi [[2006]], alimudu igiza Deborah Fiderer katika mfululizo wa Aaron Sorkin wa "The West Wing." Pia aliigiza sauti ya Bi Frizzle kwa mfululizo wa uhuishaji wa watoto wa "''The Magic School Bus''" ([[1994]]–[[1997]]) na "''The Magic School Bus Rides Again''" ([[2017]]–[[2020]]). Tomlin alizaliwa huko Detroit, Michigan, akiwa binti wa Lillie Mae (née Ford; [[14 Januari]] [[1914]] – [[12 Julai]] [[2005]]), mama wa nyumbani na msaidizi wa muuguzi, na Guy Tomlin ([[3 Machi]] [[1913]] – [[24 Oktoba]] [[1970]]), mfanyakazi wa kiwanda. Ana kaka mdogo anayeitwa Richard Tomlin. Wazazi wa Tomlin walikuwa [[Wabaptisti]] wa Kusini waliohama Detroit kutoka Paducah, Kentucky, wakati wa Mdororo Mkuu wa Kiuchumi. Ingawa alihudhuria kanisa la Wabaptisti wa Kusini akiwa mtoto, baadaye alikua asiye na dini. Yeye ni mhitimu wa [[1957]] wa Shule ya Upili ya Cass Technical.<ref>{{Rejea habari|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/55137761/obituary-for-lillie-mae-tomlin/|title=Obituary for Lillie Mae Tomlin, 1914-2005 (Aged 91)|newspaper=The Desert Sun|date=July 14, 2005|page=14|access-date=March 25, 2022|archive-date=March 25, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220325065831/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/55137761/obituary-for-lillie-mae-tomlin/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://omaha.com/lifestyles/cleveland-evans-with-tomlin-s-help-lily-blossoms-again/article_02b1773e-1c94-539e-8c2f-6eaa3b3f0c5e.html|title=Cleveland Evans: With Tomlin's help, Lily blossoms again|date=September 2015|access-date=March 25, 2022|archive-date=July 11, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240711041019/https://omaha.com/lifestyles/cleveland-evans-with-tomlin-s-help-lily-blossoms-again/article_02b1773e-1c94-539e-8c2f-6eaa3b3f0c5e.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=FamilySearch-USSSDI-2005>{{cite web|title=Lillie M Tomlin - United States Social Security Death Index|url=https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:VM3P-P6P|website=[[FamilySearch]]|access-date=24 August 2015}}</ref> Tomlin alihudhuria Chuo Kikuu cha Wayne State na awali alisoma biolojia. Alifanya majaribio ya mchezo wa kuigiza, na hilo liliamusha shauku yake ya kazi katika ukumbi wa [[michezo]] na akabadilisha masomo yake ya msingi. Baada ya chuo, Tomlin alianza kufanya ucheshi wa kusimama katika vilabu vya usiku huko Detroit na baadaye huko [[New York City]]. Aliendelea kusoma [[uigizaji]] katika Studio ya HB.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.goldderby.com/article/2018/grace-and-frankie-emmy-awards-2018-jane-fonda-lily-tomlin-netflix/|title=Emmys 2018: Keep an eye on 'Grace and Frankie' in Best Comedy Series|last1=Carden|first1=Andrew|date=2018-03-19|website=GoldDerby|language=en-US|access-date=2019-09-05|archive-date=September 5, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190905093827/https://www.goldderby.com/article/2018/grace-and-frankie-emmy-awards-2018-jane-fonda-lily-tomlin-netflix/|url-status=live}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1939]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Feminism and Folklore 2025 in Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Wachekeshaji]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} r3vt06wbtsyw7ckgv0s8jpkqbr17fxf Margaret Killjoy 0 205287 1593947 1519356 2026-09-02T07:27:00Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593947 wikitext text/x-wiki {{tafsiri kompyuta}} '''Margaret Killjoy''' ni [[mwandishi]], [[mwanamuziki]] wa [[Marekani]] na mtangazaji wa Podcast. Anajulikana zaidi kwa hadithi zake za kubuni za kubahatisha katika aina za fantasia na za kutisha, haswa kwa safu yake ya vitabu viwili vya ''Danielle Cain''. Killjoy anahusika katika miradi kadhaa ya muziki katika aina mbalimbali, ikiwa ni pamoja na metali nyeusi, neofolk, na electronica. Alianzisha bendi ya wanawake nyeusi ya chuma Feminazgûl mwaka [[2018]]. == Maisha == Killjoy ni mwanarchist, mfuasi wa wanawake, na mpinga-fashisti.<ref name=":0" /> Yeye ni mwanamke aliyebadili jinsia.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Killjoy alitumia muda mwingi wa maisha yake ya utu uzima kama ''"squatter and wanderer"'', kisha mwishoni mwaka [[2010]] alianza kujenga kibanda kidogo katika Milima ya Appalachian kwenye mradi wa ardhi wa anarchist. <ref>{{Cite interview|last=Killjoy|first=Margaret|interviewer=George Parr|title=Inside Margaret Killjoy of Feminazgûl's Self-Built Home in the Woods|url=https://astralnoizeuk.com/2020/03/31/inside-margaret-killjoy-of-feminazguls-home/|work=Astral Noize|date=March 31, 2020|access-date=June 25, 2021|archive-date=June 25, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625191332/https://astralnoizeuk.com/2020/03/31/inside-margaret-killjoy-of-feminazguls-home/|url-status=live|accessdate=2025-03-17|archivedate=2021-06-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625191332/https://astralnoizeuk.com/2020/03/31/inside-margaret-killjoy-of-feminazguls-home/}}</ref> == Kazi == '''Kuandika''' Uandishi wa uongo wa Killjoy unajumuisha fantasia ya ajabu ya anarchist na kutisha ya watu. Killjoy alichapisha ''What Lies Beneath the Clock Tower'', riwaya ya mwingiliano ya steampunk, mwaka 2011. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=Colyard|first=K. W.|date=December 31, 2018|title=20 Books Like 'Black Mirror: Bandersnatch' To Read After You Finally Finish It|url=https://www.bustle.com/p/20-books-like-black-mirror-bandersnatch-to-read-after-you-finally-finish-it-15577930|url-status=live|access-date=June 24, 2021|website=[[Bustle.com|Bustle]]|language=en|archive-date=June 24, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624230751/https://www.bustle.com/p/20-books-like-black-mirror-bandersnatch-to-read-after-you-finally-finish-it-15577930}}</ref>Mnamo mwaka [[2017]], Killjoy alichapisha cha kwanza kati ya vitabu viwili katika safu ya Danielle Cain, ambayo ina kikundi cha wawindaji wa jinsia, wawindaji wa pepo wa anarchist katika eneo la moyo la Amerika. Katika riwaya ya kwanza, ''The Lamb Will Slaughter the Lion'', kundi hilo linawindwa na pepo anayeonekana kwa umbo la kulungu.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|last=Liptak|first=Andrew|date=April 7, 2018|title=Margaret Killjoy's Danielle Cain books are razor-sharp anarchist urban fantasies|url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/4/7/17205838/margaret-killjoy-danielle-cain-books-fantasy-review|url-status=live|access-date=June 24, 2021|website=[[The Verge]]|language=en|archive-date=June 24, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624225741/https://www.theverge.com/2018/4/7/17205838/margaret-killjoy-danielle-cain-books-fantasy-review}}</ref> Kitabu cha pili katika mfululizo, ''The Barrow Will Send What It May'', kinafuata washiriki wa kikundi kile kile wanapokimbia kutoka kwa matukio ya kitabu cha kwanza. ''The Lamb Will Slaughter the Lion'' iliteuliwa kwa Tuzo ya la Shirley Jackson mwaka 2017.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=Stubby the Rocket|date=May 10, 2018|title=The 2017 Shirley Jackson Awards Nominees have been Announced|url=https://www.tor.com/2018/05/10/announcing-the-nominees-for-2017-shirley-jackson-award-honoring-dark-fantasy-horror-and-suspense/|url-status=live|access-date=June 24, 2021|website=[[Tor.com]]|language=en-US|archive-date=June 24, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624231411/https://www.tor.com/2018/05/10/announcing-the-nominees-for-2017-shirley-jackson-award-honoring-dark-fantasy-horror-and-suspense/}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Rejea tovuti|last=Dunn|first=Thom|date=October 9, 2020|title=This new fiction anthology is punk as f*ck|url=https://boingboing.net/2019/10/09/this-new-fiction-anthology-is.html|url-status=live|access-date=June 24, 2021|website=[[Boing Boing]]|language=en-US|archive-date=June 24, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624231744/https://boingboing.net/2019/10/09/this-new-fiction-anthology-is.html}}</ref> ''The Barrow Will Send What It May'' iliteuliwa katika Tuzo za 31 za Fasihi za Lambda kwa Tuzo ya Fasihi ya Lambda kwa Fiction ya Kukisia.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=March 7, 2019|title=31st Annual Lambda Literary Award Finalists -|url=https://www.lambdaliterary.org/2019/03/31st-annual-lammy-finalists/|url-status=live|access-date=June 24, 2021|website=[[Lambda Literary]]|language=en|archive-date=August 15, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210815071712/https://lambdaliterary.org/2019/03/31st-annual-lammy-finalists/}}</ref> Uchangishaji [[fedha]] umetangazwa kwa ajili ya kitabu cha tatu kitakachokuja katika mfululizo huu, ''The Immortal Choir Holds Every Voice''<ref>{{cite web |title=New and Upcoming releases |url=https://thetransfemininereview.com/new-upcoming-releases/ |access-date=February 23, 2025 |website=[[The Transfeminine Review]]}}</ref> Killjoy alichangia hadithi fupi ''"We Won't Be Here Tomorrow"'' kwa ''A Punk Rock Future'', anthology ya mwaka [[2019]] ya hadithi za kubuni na fantasia za kisayansi. Killjoy pia amehariri na kuandika kazi zisizo za uwongo, ikiwa ni pamoja na kitabu cha mwaka 2009 ''Mythmakers & Lawbreakers: Anarchist Writers on Fiction (AK Press)'', mkusanyiko wa mahojiano na waandishi wa hadithi za uwongo ikiwa ni pamoja na ''Ursula K. Le Guin na Alan Moore''. <ref name=":4">{{Rejea tovuti|last=Baker|first=Jeff|date=February 27, 2010|title=Northwest Writers at Work: Ursula K. Le Guin is 80 and taking on Google|url=https://www.oregonlive.com/books/2010/02/northwest_writers_at_work_ursu.html|url-status=live|access-date=June 25, 2021|website=[[Oregon Live]]|language=en|archive-date=May 11, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511042554/https://www.oregonlive.com/books/2010/02/northwest_writers_at_work_ursu.html}}</ref> Pia alikuwa mhariri wa Jarida la SteamPunk, ambalo lilichapishwa kutoka mwaka 2007 hadi 2016. <ref name=":4" /><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=Allegra|date=2016|title=Steampunk Magazine » Final Ever Issue! (and funding drive)|url=http://www.steampunkmagazine.com/2016/01/1898/|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190118205810/http://www.steampunkmagazine.com/2016/01/1898/|archive-date=January 18, 2019|access-date=June 25, 2021|website=[[SteamPunk Magazine]]}}</ref> '''Muziki''' Killjoy alianzisha bendi ya wanawake ya chuma nyeusi ya Feminazgûl mnamo 2018. <ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|last=Kelly|first=Kim|date=November 12, 2020|title=Inside Heavy Metal's Battle Against White Supremacy|url=https://www.esquire.com/entertainment/music/a34633291/heavy-metal-nazi-anti-fascist-movement/|url-status=live|access-date=June 22, 2021|website=[[Esquire (magazine)|Esquire]]|language=en-US|archive-date=August 29, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829022945/https://www.esquire.com/entertainment/music/a34633291/heavy-metal-nazi-anti-fascist-movement/}}</ref> Alitoa EP ya kwanza ya bendi, ''The Age of Men Is Over'', kama mradi wa solo mwaka huo huo. Imejiunga na Laura Beach kama mwimbaji mkuu na Meredith Yayanos kama mpiga fidla na mpiga theremin, bendi hiyo ilitoa albamu yake ya kwanza ya urefu kamili, [[No Dawn for Men]], mnamo mwaka [[2020]]. <ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|last=Kendrick|first=Monica|date=April 17, 2020|title=Feminazgûl spins anarchy, feminism, and literature into atmospheric black metal on No Dawn for Men|url=https://www.chicagoreader.com/chicago/feminazgul-spins-anarchy-feminism-and-literature-into-atmospheric-black-metal-on-no-dawn-for-men/Content?oid=79287105|url-status=live|access-date=June 22, 2021|website=[[Chicago Reader]]|language=en|archive-date=June 24, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624205800/https://www.chicagoreader.com/chicago/feminazgul-spins-anarchy-feminism-and-literature-into-atmospheric-black-metal-on-no-dawn-for-men/Content?oid=79287105}}</ref> Killjoy anahusika katika miradi mingine kadhaa ya muziki: neofolk Alsarath, Vulgarite ya adhabu iliyotiwa rangi nyeusi, na ''electronica Nomadic War Machine''. == Utangazaji == Killjoy aliandaa tangazo la ''Live Like the World Is Dying''. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=Sugar|first=Rachel|date=December 29, 2020|title=Are we doomed? An investigation|url=https://www.vox.com/the-highlight/22201977/2020-doomsday-apocalypse-astrologers-memes-investigation|access-date=June 24, 2021|website=[[Vox (website)|Vox]]|language=en|archive-date=July 17, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210717085216/https://www.vox.com/the-highlight/22201977/2020-doomsday-apocalypse-astrologers-memes-investigation|url-status=live}}</ref> Alizindua podikasti yake ya historia ''Cool People Who Did Cool Stuff'', iliyofafanuliwa kama inayoangazia "hadithi tata za upinzani ambazo hutoa mafunzo na msukumo kwetu leo," mnamo [[Mei 2]], 2022 katika ''IHeartRadio''. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mwandishi}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Feminism and Folklore 2025 in Tanzania]] 2dyc10n82dvckmmg0g3m5a1mqak5tw3 Wikipedia:Mradi wa Nchi 4 208508 1593897 1593858 2026-09-01T16:21:49Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column 1593897 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-09-01) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 64 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 72 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 26 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-09-01)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 409 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 490 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2870 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 584 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1205 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 311 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 242 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 242 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 417 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 325 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 151 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 182 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 6.52 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 264 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.93 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 286 |- | [[Norwei]] | 5.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 319 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 215 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 213 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 185 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 233 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 202 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 292 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 157 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 201 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 172 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 171 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 3.72 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 147 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Nepal]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 478 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 91 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 91 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 60 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Nchi iliyoendelea]] | 2.27 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 160 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Utoaji mimba nchini Uganda]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 2 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Jiko la ardhini]] | 1.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 2 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 174 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 35020 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 8609 || ↓ -25.6% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 201.3 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 49.5 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Marekani]] || 584 || ↓ -35.0% |- | 2 || [[Kenya]] || 490 || ↓ -8.8% |- | 3 || [[Nepal]] || 478 || ↑ +917.0% |- | 4 || [[Burundi]] || 325 || ↓ -14.0% |- | 5 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 304 || ↓ -17.8% |- | 6 || [[Uturuki]] || 292 || ↓ -2.7% |- | 7 || [[Ethiopia]] || 242 || ↓ -4.3% |- | 8 || [[Irani]] || 242 || ↓ -32.0% |- | 9 || [[Israeli]] || 215 || ↓ -25.6% |- | 10 || [[Ufaransa]] || 182 || ↓ -62.6% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 566 || 42.5% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 361 || 27.1% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 137 || 10.3% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 112 || 8.4% |- | 5 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 7 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 10 || 0.8% |- | 8 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:Kisare|Kisare]] || 6 || 0.5% |- | 10 || [[User:CSGinger14|CSGinger14]] || 6 || 0.5% |- |} 0dby7e7m29n3yp2e35x0muxncvhpbsr 1593898 1593897 2026-09-01T16:25:09Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Sasisha Takwimu za mradi 1593898 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-09-01) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 64 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 72 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 26 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-09-01)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 409 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 490 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2870 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 584 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1205 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 311 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 242 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 242 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 417 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 325 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 151 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 182 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 6.52 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 264 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.93 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 286 |- | [[Norwei]] | 5.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 319 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 215 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 213 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 185 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 233 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 202 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 292 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 157 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 201 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 172 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 171 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 3.72 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 147 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Nepal]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 478 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 91 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 91 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 60 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Nchi iliyoendelea]] | 2.27 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 160 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Utoaji mimba nchini Uganda]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 2 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Jiko la ardhini]] | 1.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 2 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 174 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 35020 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 7308 || ↓ -24.7% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 201.3 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 42.0 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Marekani]] || 584 || ↓ -35.0% |- | 2 || [[Kenya]] || 490 || ↓ -8.8% |- | 3 || [[Nepal]] || 478 || ↑ +917.0% |- | 4 || [[Burundi]] || 325 || ↓ -14.0% |- | 5 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 311 || ↓ -15.9% |- | 6 || [[Uturuki]] || 292 || ↓ -2.7% |- | 7 || [[Irani]] || 242 || ↓ -32.0% |- | 8 || [[Israeli]] || 215 || ↓ -25.6% |- | 9 || [[Nigeria]] || 151 || ↓ -15.6% |- | 10 || [[Vanuatu]] || 147 || ↑ +234.1% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 537 || 41.4% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 361 || 27.9% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 137 || 10.6% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 105 || 8.1% |- | 5 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 7 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 10 || 0.8% |- | 8 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:Kisare|Kisare]] || 6 || 0.5% |- | 10 || [[User:CSGinger14|CSGinger14]] || 6 || 0.5% |- |} gjtz6uawrvwzxbkv3016ed619q9mtvu 1593915 1593898 2026-09-01T20:50:27Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column 1593915 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-09-01) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 64 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 72 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 26 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-09-01)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 409 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 490 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2870 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 584 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1205 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 311 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 242 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 242 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 417 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 325 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 151 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 182 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 6.52 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 264 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.93 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 286 |- | [[Norwei]] | 5.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 319 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 215 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 213 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 185 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 233 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 202 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 292 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 157 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 201 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 172 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 171 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 3.72 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 147 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Nepal]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 478 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 91 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 91 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 60 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Nchi iliyoendelea]] | 2.27 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 160 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Utoaji mimba nchini Uganda]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 2 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Jiko la ardhini]] | 1.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 2 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 174 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 35020 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 7308 || ↓ -24.7% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 201.3 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 42.0 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Marekani]] || 584 || ↓ -35.0% |- | 2 || [[Kenya]] || 490 || ↓ -8.8% |- | 3 || [[Nepal]] || 478 || ↑ +917.0% |- | 4 || [[Burundi]] || 325 || ↓ -14.0% |- | 5 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 311 || ↓ -15.9% |- | 6 || [[Uturuki]] || 292 || ↓ -2.7% |- | 7 || [[Irani]] || 242 || ↓ -32.0% |- | 8 || [[Israeli]] || 215 || ↓ -25.6% |- | 9 || [[Nigeria]] || 151 || ↓ -15.6% |- | 10 || [[Vanuatu]] || 147 || ↑ +234.1% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 537 || 41.4% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 361 || 27.9% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 137 || 10.6% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 105 || 8.1% |- | 5 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 7 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 10 || 0.8% |- | 8 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:Kisare|Kisare]] || 6 || 0.5% |- | 10 || [[User:CSGinger14|CSGinger14]] || 6 || 0.5% |- |} he2ibvh19pu00c9bxy6s1dt9g3i9205 1593916 1593915 2026-09-01T20:54:03Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Sasisha Takwimu za mradi 1593916 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-09-01) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 64 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 72 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 26 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-09-01)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 409 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 490 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2870 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 584 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1205 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 311 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 242 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 242 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 417 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 325 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 151 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 182 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 6.52 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 264 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.93 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 286 |- | [[Norwei]] | 5.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 319 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 215 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 213 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 185 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 233 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 202 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 292 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 157 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 201 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 172 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 171 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 3.72 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 147 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Nepal]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 478 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 91 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 91 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 60 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Nchi iliyoendelea]] | 2.27 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 160 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Utoaji mimba nchini Uganda]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 2 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Jiko la ardhini]] | 1.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 2 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 174 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 35020 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 12015 || ↓ -23.3% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 201.3 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 69.1 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Marekani]] || 584 || ↓ -35.0% |- | 2 || [[Kenya]] || 490 || ↓ -8.8% |- | 3 || [[Nepal]] || 478 || ↑ +917.0% |- | 4 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 409 || ↓ -4.9% |- | 5 || [[Burundi]] || 325 || ↓ -14.0% |- | 6 || [[Rwanda]] || 319 || ↑ +38.7% |- | 7 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 311 || ↓ -15.9% |- | 8 || [[Uturuki]] || 292 || ↓ -2.7% |- | 9 || [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] || 264 || ↓ -7.0% |- | 10 || [[Ethiopia]] || 242 || ↓ -4.3% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 537 || 41.4% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 361 || 27.9% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 137 || 10.6% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 105 || 8.1% |- | 5 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 7 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 10 || 0.8% |- | 8 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:Kisare|Kisare]] || 6 || 0.5% |- | 10 || [[User:CSGinger14|CSGinger14]] || 6 || 0.5% |- |} d9kpaiuaxwetkit1o0f8fmleehr7850 1593936 1593916 2026-09-02T03:44:56Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column 1593936 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-09-02) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 64 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 72 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 26 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-09-02)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 407 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 493 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2924 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 584 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1246 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 291 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 233 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 249 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 404 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 327 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 89 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 151 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 106 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 189 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 6.52 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 250 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.93 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 284 |- | [[Norwei]] | 5.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 302 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 215 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 157 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 204 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 182 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 230 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 204 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 306 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 151 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 199 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 118 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 170 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 173 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 3.72 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Nepal]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 543 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Nchi iliyoendelea]] | 2.27 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 160 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Utoaji mimba nchini Uganda]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 4 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Jiko la ardhini]] | 1.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 2 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 2 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 174 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 35020 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 12015 || ↓ -23.3% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 201.3 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 69.1 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Marekani]] || 584 || ↓ -35.0% |- | 2 || [[Kenya]] || 490 || ↓ -8.8% |- | 3 || [[Nepal]] || 478 || ↑ +917.0% |- | 4 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 409 || ↓ -4.9% |- | 5 || [[Burundi]] || 325 || ↓ -14.0% |- | 6 || [[Rwanda]] || 319 || ↑ +38.7% |- | 7 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 311 || ↓ -15.9% |- | 8 || [[Uturuki]] || 292 || ↓ -2.7% |- | 9 || [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] || 264 || ↓ -7.0% |- | 10 || [[Ethiopia]] || 242 || ↓ -4.3% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 537 || 41.4% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 361 || 27.9% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 137 || 10.6% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 105 || 8.1% |- | 5 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 7 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 10 || 0.8% |- | 8 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:Kisare|Kisare]] || 6 || 0.5% |- | 10 || [[User:CSGinger14|CSGinger14]] || 6 || 0.5% |- |} o4cckx4tyfp68ose4wg5wn53elotuyj 1593938 1593936 2026-09-02T03:59:30Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Sasisha Takwimu za mradi 1593938 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-09-02) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 64 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 72 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 26 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-09-02)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 407 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 493 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2924 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 584 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1246 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 291 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 233 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 249 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 404 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 327 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 89 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 151 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 106 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 189 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 6.52 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 250 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.93 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 284 |- | [[Norwei]] | 5.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 302 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 215 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 157 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 204 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 182 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 230 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 204 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 306 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 151 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 199 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 118 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 170 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 173 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 3.72 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Nepal]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 543 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Nchi iliyoendelea]] | 2.27 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 160 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Utoaji mimba nchini Uganda]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 4 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Jiko la ardhini]] | 1.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 2 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 2 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 174 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 35020 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 18004 || ↓ -16.9% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 201.3 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 103.5 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2924 || ↑ +21.4% |- | 2 || [[Marekani]] || 584 || ↓ -33.5% |- | 3 || [[Nepal]] || 543 || ↑ +1055.3% |- | 4 || [[Kenya]] || 493 || ↓ -8.7% |- | 5 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 407 || ↓ -4.0% |- | 6 || [[Urusi]] || 404 || ↓ -9.0% |- | 7 || [[Burundi]] || 327 || ↓ -12.6% |- | 8 || [[Uturuki]] || 306 || ↑ +1.7% |- | 9 || [[Rwanda]] || 302 || ↑ +24.3% |- | 10 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 291 || ↓ -22.8% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 537 || 41.4% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 361 || 27.9% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 137 || 10.6% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 105 || 8.1% |- | 5 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 7 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 10 || 0.8% |- | 8 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:Kisare|Kisare]] || 6 || 0.5% |- | 10 || [[User:CSGinger14|CSGinger14]] || 6 || 0.5% |- |} qnkpr98z68h4wxh7oatb8thwb93k5sd 1593986 1593938 2026-09-02T10:58:55Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column 1593986 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-09-02) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 64 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 72 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 26 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-09-02)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 407 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 493 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2924 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 584 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1246 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 291 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 233 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 249 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 404 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 327 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 89 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 151 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 106 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 189 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 6.52 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 264 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.93 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 284 |- | [[Norwei]] | 5.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 302 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 215 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 157 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 204 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 182 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 230 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 204 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 306 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 157 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 199 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 118 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 170 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 173 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 3.72 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Nepal]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 543 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Nchi iliyoendelea]] | 2.27 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 160 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Utoaji mimba nchini Uganda]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 4 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Jiko la ardhini]] | 1.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 2 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 2 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 174 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 35020 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 18004 || ↓ -16.9% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 201.3 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 103.5 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2924 || ↑ +21.4% |- | 2 || [[Marekani]] || 584 || ↓ -33.5% |- | 3 || [[Nepal]] || 543 || ↑ +1055.3% |- | 4 || [[Kenya]] || 493 || ↓ -8.7% |- | 5 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 407 || ↓ -4.0% |- | 6 || [[Urusi]] || 404 || ↓ -9.0% |- | 7 || [[Burundi]] || 327 || ↓ -12.6% |- | 8 || [[Uturuki]] || 306 || ↑ +1.7% |- | 9 || [[Rwanda]] || 302 || ↑ +24.3% |- | 10 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 291 || ↓ -22.8% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 537 || 41.4% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 361 || 27.9% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 137 || 10.6% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 105 || 8.1% |- | 5 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 7 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 10 || 0.8% |- | 8 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:Kisare|Kisare]] || 6 || 0.5% |- | 10 || [[User:CSGinger14|CSGinger14]] || 6 || 0.5% |- |} ditr2w42749w6hxt2y2ow1g72opvtqt 1593987 1593986 2026-09-02T11:01:59Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Sasisha Takwimu za mradi 1593987 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-09-02) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 64 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 72 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 26 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-09-02)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 407 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 493 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2924 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 584 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1246 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 291 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 233 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 249 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 404 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 327 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 89 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 151 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 106 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 189 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 6.52 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 264 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.93 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 284 |- | [[Norwei]] | 5.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 302 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 215 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 157 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 204 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 182 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 230 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 204 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 306 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 157 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 199 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 118 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 170 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 173 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 3.72 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Nepal]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 543 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Nchi iliyoendelea]] | 2.27 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 160 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Utoaji mimba nchini Uganda]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 4 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Jiko la ardhini]] | 1.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 2 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 2 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 174 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 35020 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 18004 || ↓ -16.9% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 201.3 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 103.5 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2924 || ↑ +21.4% |- | 2 || [[Marekani]] || 584 || ↓ -33.5% |- | 3 || [[Nepal]] || 543 || ↑ +1055.3% |- | 4 || [[Kenya]] || 493 || ↓ -8.7% |- | 5 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 407 || ↓ -4.0% |- | 6 || [[Urusi]] || 404 || ↓ -9.0% |- | 7 || [[Burundi]] || 327 || ↓ -12.6% |- | 8 || [[Uturuki]] || 306 || ↑ +1.7% |- | 9 || [[Rwanda]] || 302 || ↑ +24.3% |- | 10 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 291 || ↓ -22.8% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 537 || 41.4% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 361 || 27.9% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 137 || 10.6% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 105 || 8.1% |- | 5 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 7 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 10 || 0.8% |- | 8 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:Kisare|Kisare]] || 6 || 0.5% |- | 10 || [[User:CSGinger14|CSGinger14]] || 6 || 0.5% |- |} p1n1jvoqnu17oxeuuy6m2ki1evkz7p0 Maurice van Essche 0 220102 1593954 1480370 2026-09-02T09:12:40Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593954 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person|jina=Maurice van Essche|ukubwa wa picha=300px|mahala_pa_kuzaliwa=Antwerp, Belgium|tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa=4 October 1906|tarehe_ya_kufariki=12 June 1977|mahala_alipofia=Thonon, France|kazi_yake=Artist|watoto=Ludovic Henri Marie van Essche (1935-2020); Grandchildren: Paul-Henri van Essche, Catherine Jane Munro, Alexandra Roberta van Essche, Philippe Camille Maurice van Essche (1980-2020)|picha=Maurice van Essche 1967.jpg}} '''Maurice van Essche''' (4 Oktoba [[1906]], Antwerp, [[Ubelgiji]] – 12 Juni [[1977]], Thonon, [[Ufaransa]]) alikuwa msanii na mwalimu wa sanaa wa [[Afrika Kusini]] aliyezaliwa Ubelgiji, ambaye alipata kutambuliwa kitaifa na kimataifa wakati wa uhai wake.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.art-archives-southafrica.ch/vanESSCHE.htm |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2026-01-10 |archive-date=2025-10-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251005124551/http://art-archives-southafrica.ch/vanESSCHE.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Maisha == Maurice van Essche alizaliwa mwaka 1906 huko Antwerp, Ubelgiji, akiwa mtoto wa saba kati ya watoto kumi na mmoja, ambao ni wanane tu waliweza kuishi baada ya utoto wa mapema. Familia yake ilikuwa ikizungumza Kifaransa licha ya asili yao ya Kiflamishi; jina la ukoo la mama yake kabla ya ndoa lilikuwa De Ridder. Alisoma sanaa katika Chuo cha Sanaa cha Brussels mwaka [[1924]] chini ya uongozi wa James Ensor, lakini alisitisha masomo yake mwaka 1925 kutokana na ukosefu wa fedha. Kwanza alifanya kazi katika warsha ya vioo vya rangi (stained glass), kisha akajihusisha na usanifu wa karatasi za ukutani (wallpaper) — uzoefu ambao unaonekana wazi katika kazi zake nyingi za sanaa. Pia alifanya kazi kama mchoraji wa katuni wa kujitegemea, huku akiendelea kupaka rangi muda wote. Mwaka [[1933]] alisoma kwa muda mfupi chini ya '''Henri Matisse''' nchini Ufaransa, baada ya kukutana naye kwa bahati katika duka la vifaa vya wasanii huko Cagnes, Ufaransa. Baada ya hapo aliendelea kuchora na kusoma sanaa kwa wakati wote kutokana na udhamini wa kaka yake mkubwa, Joseph Charles, pamoja na kundi la marafiki zake. == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1906|1977}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Afrika Kusini]] jamtxr5krecj40bafak28rbak0xfgvb Frema Opare 0 225411 1593861 1512557 2026-09-01T12:11:04Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593861 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Akosua Frema Osei-Opare''' (alizaliwa [[5 Juni]], [[1947]]) ni mtaalamu wa maendeleo, [[mwalimu]], mchumi na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Ghana]]. Yeye ni mwanachama wa New Patriotic Party (NPP). Baada ya kutumia miaka 40 katika nyanja hizi, Akosua Frema Osei-Opare ni mtaalamu katika ajira, rasilimali watu, na ushauri wa maendeleo. Alimwakilisha jimbo la Ayawaso West Wuogon katika Parliament of Ghana. Pia alikuwa [[mwanamke]] wa kwanza na aliyewahi kushika wadhifa wa Chief of Staff nchini Ghana, akihudumu kuanzia [[7 Januari]], [[2017]] hadi [[6 Januari]], [[2025]] chini ya uongozi wa Nana Akufo-Addo.<ref>{{Rejea habari|url=http://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/politics/politics/201701/302234.php|title=Frema Opare Is Chief of Staff, Abu Jinapor Deputy, Mac Manu For GHAPOHA Board|last=Online|first=Peace FM|access-date=2017-01-05}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari |last=Myjoyonline |date=2017-01-02 |title=Frema Opare to lead Akufo-Addo's backroom staff as Chief of Staff |language=en-US |url=http://www.myjoyonline.com/politics/2017/January-2nd/frema-opare-to-lead-akufo-addos-backroom-staff-as-chief-of-staff.php |access-date=2017-01-05}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://starrfmonline.com/2017/01/02/frema-opare-akufo-addos-chief-staff/|title=Frema Opare is Akufo-Addo's Chief of Staff|date=2017-01-02|website=Starr Fm|access-date=2017-01-05}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Glitz top 100 inspirational women – Page 100 – Glitz Africa Magazine |url=https://www.glitzafrica.com/glitz-top-100-inspirational-women/100/ |access-date=2022-05-28 |language=en-US |archive-date=2021-05-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210526112709/https://www.thestandpoint.com.gh/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Maisha ya Awali na Elimu == Frema alizaliwa [[5 Juni]], [[1947]]. Yeye ni mzaliwa wa Wiamoase katika Ashanti Region. Alisoma katika Shule ya Sekondari ya St. Monica, Mampong-Ashanti. Alipata shahada yake ya kwanza katika Home Science kutoka University of Ghana. Baadaye alisomea shahada ya uzamili katika [[Sayansi]] ya [[Chakula]] katika University of Guelph.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti | title=Frema Opare honoured for being first female Chief of Staff | url=https://mobile.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Frema-Opare-honoured-for-being-first-female-Chief-of-Staff-766423 | access-date=2025-04-27 | website=mobile.ghanaweb.com}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Online |first=Peace FM |title=Chief of Staff, Frema Opare, Makes Revelation About Her Children And Granddaughter |url=https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/local/social/202205/466598.php |access-date=2024-04-03 |website=Peacefmonline.com – Ghana news |archive-date=2024-04-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240403193409/https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/local/social/202205/466598.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1947|}} [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Ghana]] 6van9u4snfmd6yw0jgz5c4m7sa9oxx5 Louise N'Jie 0 225488 1593941 1508653 2026-09-02T05:00:21Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593941 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Louise Antoinette N'Jie''' ([[23 Januari]] [[1922]] – [[22 Mei]] [[2014]]) alikuwa [[mwalimu]], mwanafeministi na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Gambia]] ambaye alikuwa [[mwanamke]] wa kwanza kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Baraza la Mawaziri nchini Gambia.<ref name=tribute14>{{cite web|url=http://www.kaironews.com/tribute-to-aunty-louise-antoinette-njie/|title=Tribute To Aunty Louise Antoinette Njie|date=17 May 2014|accessdate=3 February 2017|work=Kairo News|first=Ebraima|last=Manneh|archive-date=2017-02-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170204004035/http://www.kaironews.com/tribute-to-aunty-louise-antoinette-njie/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref> name=tribute>{{cite web|url=https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=en&prev=search&rurl=translate.google.com.au&sl=fr&sp=nmt4&u=http://thepoint.gm/africa/gambia/article/tribute-louise-antoinette-njie-1922-2014&usg=ALkJrhiCGKnD_u7Wni8h63E1vOijt3hgIg|title=Tribute: Louise Antoinette Njie (1922–2014)|work=The Point|date=7 May 2014|accessdate=3 February 2017|first=Hassoum|last=Ceesay}}</ref> ==Maisha ya Awali na Elimu== Louise Antoinette Mahoney alizaliwa Bathurst (sasa [[Banjul]]) katika British Gambia tarehe 23 Januari 1922, akiwa mtoto wa tatu kati ya watoto watano.<ref name=tribute4>{{cite web|url=http://www.kaironews.com/tribute-to-aunty-louise-antoinette-njie/|title=Tribute To Aunty Louise Antoinette Njie|date=17 Mei 2014|accessdate=3 Februari 2017|work=Kairo News|first=Ebraima|last=Manneh|archive-date=2017-02-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170204004035/http://www.kaironews.com/tribute-to-aunty-louise-antoinette-njie/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Baba yake, Sir John Mahoney, alikuwa wa jamii ya Aku na alikuwa Spika wa kwanza wa Bunge la Taifa la Gambia. Mama yake, Hannah, alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza wa Gambia kufanya kazi kama karani katika Government Secretariat miaka ya 1910.<ref name="tribute">{{cite web|url=https://thepoint.gm/africa/gambia/article/tribute-louise-antoinette-njie-1922-2014|title=Tribute: Louise Antoinette Njie (1922–2014)|work=The Point|date=7 Mei 2014|accessdate=3 Februari 2017|first=Hassoum|last=Ceesay}}</ref> Dada yake mdogo Augusta alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kugombea uchaguzi wa kitaifa Gambia na baadaye alimuoa Rais wa kwanza wa Gambia Sir [[Dawda Jawara]]. Ndugu yake John alimuoa Florence Mahoney, mwanamke wa kwanza wa Gambia kupata shahada ya PhD. N'Jie alisoma katika Methodist Girls High School mjini Banjul, akapata Cambridge School Certificate mwaka 1942.<ref name="tribute" /> Kisha alipata ufadhili wa masomo kwenda Achimota School nchini Ghana (1942–1945) ambapo alisomea ualimu.<ref name="tribute4" /> Kuanzia 1963 hadi 1964 alisoma elimu ya usimamizi wa elimu katika [[University of Oxford]].<ref name="tribute3">{{cite web|url=http://standard.gm/site/2014/05/07/tributelouise-antoinette-njie-1922-2014/|work=The Standard|title=Tribute: Louise Antoinette Njie (1922–2014)|date=7 Mei 2014|accessdate=3 Februari 2017|first=Hassoum|last=Ceesay|archive-date=2017-09-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170923050754/http://standard.gm/site/2014/05/07/tributelouise-antoinette-njie-1922-2014/|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Kazi== N'Jie alifundisha katika shule mbalimbali za msingi na sekondari nchini Gambia kwa miaka kumi, na alikuwa mkuu wa Bakau Primary School kuanzia 1957 hadi 1963.<ref name=tribute/> Mwaka 1953 alikuwa mmoja wa wanawake watano kati ya wajumbe 34 katika kamati ya ushauri kwa Gavana Sir Percy Wyn-Harris kuhusu mageuzi ya katiba.<ref>{{cite book|page=96|title=The Very Reverend J. C. Faye: His Life and Times: A Biography|first=Jeggan C.|last=Snghor|year=2014|publisher=AuthorHouse|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nNGYAwAAQBAJ|isbn=9781491869819}}</ref> Mwaka 1958 aliteuliwa kwenye kamati ya maandalizi ya ziara ya Malkia [[Elizabeth II]] nchini Gambia mwaka 1961.<ref name=tribute/> Mwaka 1960 alishiriki semina ya Umoja wa Mataifa kuhusu ushiriki wa wanawake katika maisha ya umma Addis Ababa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/seminaronpartici00unse/seminaronpartici00unse_djvu.txt|title=Seminar on Participation of Women in Public Life|date=1961|accessdate=3 Februari 2017}}</ref> Mwaka 1970 alikuwa mmoja wa waanzilishi wa Federation of Gambian Women.<ref name="tribute" /> N'Jie alikuwa mwanachama wa People's Progressive Party na alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge mwaka 1977, akiwa mbunge wa pili mwanamke nchini Gambia.<ref name="tribute" /> Pia alikuwa mwanamke pekee Mkristo serikalini wakati huo. Mwaka 1979 aliteuliwa kuwa Parliamentary Secretary.<ref name="tribute2">{{cite web|url=http://thepoint.gm/africa/gambia/article/tribute-to-louise-antoinette-njie-by-bakary-dabo-hertfordshire|work=The Point|title=Tribute to Louise Antoinette N'Jie|date=14 Mei 2014|accessdate=3 Februari 2017|first=Bakary|last=Dabo}}</ref> Mwaka 1985 aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Vijana, Michezo na Utamaduni, akiwa mwanamke wa kwanza kushika nafasi ya uwaziri nchini Gambia.<ref name="tribute" /> Alisimamia ongezeko la elimu ya wasichana na ongezeko la asilimia 20 la walimu wanawake.<ref name="tribute3" /> Mwaka 1987 aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Afya, Mazingira, Kazi na Ustawi wa Jamii. Alikuza mipango ya uzazi wa mpango na juhudi za kupunguza vifo vya mama wajawazito.<ref name="tribute3" /> Pia alianzisha Mpango wa Kitaifa wa Kudhibiti UKIMWI mwaka 1987.<ref name="tribute" /> Alihusika pia katika utekelezaji wa mpango wa kurejesha gharama za huduma za afya chini ya Bamako Initiative. Mwaka 1989 aliongoza ujumbe wa Gambia kwenye Mkutano wa Dunia wa Wanawake Havana. Alikuwa rais wa Gambia Red Cross Society kwa miaka kumi na mwanzilishi wa Soroptimist Society nchini Gambia. Mwaka 1991 alishauri Rais Dawda Jawara kustaafu. Alistaafu siasa mwaka 1992 na alifariki tarehe 2 Mei 2014 mjini Bakau. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1922|2014}} [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Gambia]] 8zq8mjmv2f7tgdkul59yhmxbxhmas9b Funmi Falana 0 229315 1593863 1509826 2026-09-01T12:25:45Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593863 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Funmi Falan''' ni mwanasheria na mwanaharakati wa [[Haki za wanawake|haki za wanawake]] kutoka Nigeria.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thebreakingtimes.com/another-14-year-old-lucy-ejeh-kidnapped-converted-to-islam-in-zamfara/|title=Another 14 Year Old, Lucy Ejeh, Kidnapped Converted to Islam in Zamfara|work=The Breaking Times|date=17 March 2016|accessdate=20 June 2016|archivedate=29 May 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160529020756/http://www.thebreakingtimes.com/another-14-year-old-lucy-ejeh-kidnapped-converted-to-islam-in-zamfara/|url-status=deviated}}</ref> == Maisha binafsi na elimu == Funmi Falana<ref>{{cite news|date=7 March 2016|title=Let's Have Gender Justice Now, By Funmi Falana|url=http://www.premiumtimesng.com/opinion/123609-lets-have-gender-justice-now-by-funmi-falana.html|accessdate=20 June 2016|newspaper=Premium Times}}</ref> ni mke wa Femi Falana, mwanaharakati na mwanasheria wa Nigeria;<ref>{{cite news|last=Ndaji|first=Simeon|date=5 August 2012|title=Femi Falana left me at the mercy of judges – Funmi, wife|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/08/femi-falana-left-me-at-the-mercy-of-judges-funmiwife/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|accessdate=20 June 2016|newspaper=Vanguard}}</ref> na mama wa [[Falz]], msanii wa kurekodi na [[muigizaji]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Badmus|first=Kayode|date=5 November 2015|title=Falz! Why Femi Falana's son is a legally Bad Guy|url=https://thenet.ng/falz-why-femi-falanas-son-is-a-legally-bad-guy/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=20 June 2016|newspaper=The NET}}</ref> Alizaliwa katika mfumo wa kifalme wa jadi wa Nigeria (Nigerian chieftaincy system), akiwa mwanachama wa nasaba tawala ya Iralepo wa Isinkan.<ref name="crown">{{cite web|url=https://www.tvcnews.tv/ariyomo-funmi-falana-aguda-akpovie-others-receive-royal-accolades/|title=Ariyomo, Funmi Falana, Aguda, Akpovie, others receive royal accolades|website=tvcnews.tv|accessdate=February 5, 2026}}</ref> Alisoma katika Shule ya Wasichana ya St. Louis Grammar School, Akure, Jimbo la Ondo.<ref name="punchng">{{cite news|date=2020-04-12|title=How I met my husband — Funmi Falana|url=https://punchng.com/a-lawyer-is-the-best-spouse-to-have-funmi-falana/|access-date=2021-06-05|newspaper=The Punch|language=en-US}}</ref> Alipata shahada ya kwanza ya fizikia katika [[University of Benin (Nigeria)|Chuo Kikuu cha Benin]], na baadaye shahada ya sheria (LL.B) katika University of Lagos. Pia alipata shahada ya uzamili ya sheria (LL.M) katika chuo hicho. Mnamo mwaka 2024, alipokea cheo cha jadi kutoka jamii ya Isinkan.<ref name="crown" /> == Kazi == Funmi Falana ni Mkurugenzi wa Kitaifa wa Women Empowerment and Legal Aid (WELA), [[shirika lisilo la kiserikali]] linalotetea haki za wanawake na watoto.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://sunnewsonline.com/falana-alert-fg-of-abduction-of-another-teenager-in-zamfara/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=Falana alert FG of abduction of another teenager in Zamfara|last=Olabiyi|first=Lukmon|date=5 March 2016|accessdate=20 June 2016|newspaper=The Sun}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.championnews.com.ng/women-marginalization-must-stop-funmi-falana/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=Women marginalization must stop – Funmi Falana|author=Prince Joshua|date=17 March 2016|accessdate=20 June 2016|archivedate=1 May 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160501205719/http://www.championnews.com.ng/women-marginalization-must-stop-funmi-falana/|url-status=deviated|newspaper=Daily Champion}}</ref> Ni mwanachama wa vyama mbalimbali vya kitaaluma ikiwa ni pamoja na Nigerian Bar Association,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigerian_Bar_Association|title=Nigerian Bar Association}}</ref> West African Bar Association,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://achpr.au.int/en/ngos/west-african-bar-association-waba|title=West African Bar Association}}</ref> International Bar Association,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ibanet.org/|title=International Bar Association}}</ref> na Chartered Institute of Arbitrators. == Uongozi na uanaharakati == Katika nafasi yake WELA, hushiriki kikamilifu katika uanaharakati wa haki za wanawake. Ameongoza kampeni dhidi ya ubakaji, ubaguzi dhidi ya wanawake, ushiriki wa wanawake katika siasa pamoja na masuala ya sera na maamuzi.<ref name="punchng"/> Kupitia shirika lake, alipinga Kanuni ya 124 ya Sheria ya Polisi iliyowazuia maafisa wanawake kuolewa hadi baada ya miaka mitatu ya huduma. Mahakama ilitangaza kifungu hicho kuwa kinyume cha katiba na chenye ubaguzi dhidi ya wanawake, hivyo kikafutwa.<ref name="punchng" /> Katika barua ya tarehe 28 Januari 2021 yenye kichwa ''“Request To Recall Dismissed Pregnant Police Officer”'', alimwomba Inspekta Jenerali wa Polisi Ibrahim Adamu<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.npf.gov.ng/news/details/618|title=Nigeria Police Force News|accessdate=2026-04-20|archive-date=2025-03-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250326080925/https://www.npf.gov.ng/news/details/618|url-status=dead}}</ref> kumrejesha kazini Koplo Olajide Omotola wa Polisi wa Jimbo la Ekiti aliyefukuzwa kazi kwa kupata ujauzito nje ya ndoa.<ref name="thenation">{{cite news|date=2021-02-02|title='Reinstate dismissed pregnant police woman or face legal action'|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/reinstate-dismissed-pregnant-police-woman-or-face-legal-action/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2021-06-05|newspaper=The Nation|language=en-US}}</ref> Alisema atapinga hatua hiyo katika National Industrial Court of Nigeria na kuomba kufutwa kwa Kanuni ya 127 ya Sheria ya Polisi ya mwaka 2020 iwapo mamlaka ya polisi haitachukua hatua kwa wakati.<ref name="thenation" /> == Marejeo == <references/> [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Nigeria]] fba2k5kx7qbag9lfdtp14ejuwm998dh Joy Omewa 0 229585 1593921 1570900 2026-09-01T22:06:43Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593921 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joy Ogochukwu Omewa''' (alizaliwa [[1 Desemba]] [[2002]]) ni mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa Nigeria ambaye anacheza kama [[Forward (association football)|mshambuliaji]] wa klabu ya Ligi Kuu ya Wanawake ya Nottingham Forest na timu ya taifa ya mpira wa miguu ya wanawake ya Nigeria . == Kazi == Kazi ya kitaaluma ya Omewa ilianza katika nchi yake ya asili ya Nigeria akiwa na Confluence Queens <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Adegboyega|first=Bayo|date=25 November 2020|title=Flying Officers Cup 2020: Ali, Alani, Jerry Named In Best XI|url=https://ogunradio.ng/2020/11/25/flying-officers-cup-2020-ali-alani-jerry-named-in-best-xi/|accessdate=26 April 2025|work=ogunradio.ng|publisher=[[Ogun State Broadcasting Corporation]]}}{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> kabla ya kufika Østerbro, akijiunga na B.93 mwezi Aprili. 2021 <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=19. Omewa Joy Ohochukwu|url=https://b93prof.dk/project/19-omewa-joy-ogochukwu/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210722223904/https://b93prof.dk/project/19-omewa-joy-ogochukwu/|archivedate=22 July 2021|accessdate=26 April 2025|work=b93prof.dk|publisher=B.93|language=da}}</ref> kama juhudi za ushirikiano kati ya vilabu hivyo viwili. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=12 April 2021|title=Udenlandsk tilgang til B.93 Q|url=https://b93prof.dk/1-kvindesenior/udenlandsk-tilgang-til-b-93-q/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210722223907/https://b93prof.dk/1-kvindesenior/udenlandsk-tilgang-til-b-93-q/|archivedate=22 July 2021|accessdate=26 April 2025|work=b93prof.dk|publisher=B.93|language=da}}</ref> Alicheza kwa mara ya kwanza katika klabu hiyo tarehe 3 Aprili 2021 katika kipigo cha 0-1 dhidi ya AaB . Wakati wa muda wake na klabu hiyo, alicheza mechi tisa huku akifunga mabao matatu. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=3 April 2021|title=Snævert nederlag til AaB|url=https://b93prof.dk/kampreferat/snaevert-nederlag-til-aab/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210722223905/https://b93prof.dk/kampreferat/snaevert-nederlag-til-aab/|archivedate=22 July 2021|accessdate=26 April 2025|work=b93prof.dk|publisher=B.93|language=da}}</ref> Mnamo Novemba, 2021, Omewa aliuzwa kwa klabu nyingine ya Denmark Fortuna Hjørring katika Kvindeligaen, ligi kuu ya soka ya wanawake nchini Denmark. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=24 November 2021|title=Omewa Joy Ogochuckwu udlejes til Kvindeligaklub|url=https://b93prof.dk/1-kvindesenior/omewa-joy-oguchuckwu-udlejes-til-kvindeligaklub/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230621194330/https://b93prof.dk/1-kvindesenior/omewa-joy-oguchuckwu-udlejes-til-kvindeligaklub/|archivedate=21 June 2023|accessdate=26 April 2025|work=b93prof.dk|publisher=B.93|language=da}}</ref> Wakati wa 2024-25 msimu huu, alijitofautisha na juhudi zake za kufunga mabao, <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Jensen|first=Michael Sten|date=21 April 2025|title='Det er mega fedt at vise Danmark, at vi er med igen'|url=https://www.dr.dk/sporten/fodbold/kvindeligaen/det-er-mega-fedt-vise-danmark-vi-er-med-igen|accessdate=26 April 2025|work=dr.dk|publisher=[[DR (broadcaster)|DR]]|language=da}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=21 April 2025|title=Fortuna på guldkurs: Vandt topkamp over FC Nordsjælland|url=https://www.fodboldforpiger.dk/2025/04/fortuna-paa-guldkurs-vandt-topkamp-over-fc-nordsjaelland/|accessdate=26 April 2025|work=fodboldforpiger.dk|publisher=Fodbold for Piger|language=da}}</ref> akifunga mabao 14 na pasi nne za mabao katika michezo 17 pekee ya ligi kufikia katikati ya Aprili. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Omewa Bags A Brace, Fires Fortuna Hjorring Closer to Glory in Denmark|url=https://www.brila.net/omewa-bags-a-brace-fires-fortuna-hjorring-closer-to-glory-in-denmark/|accessdate=26 April 2025|work=brila.net|publisher=[[Brila FM]]|archive-date=2025-04-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250427141828/https://www.brila.net/omewa-bags-a-brace-fires-fortuna-hjorring-closer-to-glory-in-denmark/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Skipper|first=Niels|date=13 April 2025|title=Klassespil af Fortuna|url=https://nordsoeposten.dk/klassespil-af-fortuna/|accessdate=26 April 2025|work=nordsoeposten.dk|language=da}}</ref> Kufikia mwisho wa 2024-25 msimu, yeye na klabu walishinda mataji mawili ya ndani — wakitwaa Ligi ya Wanawake ya Denmark <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Muminović|first=Arnela|date=10 May 2025|title=Så lykkedes det endelig: Fortuna Hjørring er dansk mester igen|url=https://www.dr.dk/sporten/fodbold/kvindeligaen/fortuna-hjoerring-vinder-det-danske-mesterskab|accessdate=17 May 2025|work=dr.dk|publisher=DR|language=da}}</ref> na Kombe la Wanawake . <ref name="Bagger-2025">{{Rejea tovuti|author=Bagger|first=Sebastian Taarsted|date=17 May 2025|title=Endnu en titel og endnu en festlig bustur for Fortuna|url=https://www.dr.dk/sporten/fodbold/pokalturneringen/fortuna-har-det-fedt-over-titler-paa-en-uge|accessdate=17 May 2025|work=dr.dk|publisher=DR|language=da}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Nielsen|first=Anders Juncker|title=Fortuna Hjørring sælger stjerneangriber til Nottingham Forest|work=Fodbold for piger|date=27 January 2026|url=https://www.fodboldforpiger.dk/2026/01/fortuna-hjoerring-saelger-stjerneangriber-til-nottingham-forest/|language=danish|accessdate=30 January 2026}}</ref> Tarehe 13 Juni 2025, alitambuliwa kama Mchezaji Bora wa Msimu katika Ligi ya Wanawake ya Denmark kwa utendaji wake. <ref name="Grønberg-2025">{{Rejea tovuti|author=Grønberg|first=Matias|date=13 June 2025|title=Omewa Joy Ogochukwu er Årets Profil i Kvindeligaen|url=https://bold.dk/fodbold/klubber/fortuna-hjoerring/nyheder/omewa-joy-ogochukwu-er-arets-profil-i-kvindeligaen|accessdate=13 June 2025|publisher=bold.dk|language=da}}</ref> Mnamo Januari 27, 2026, Omewa alisajiliwa na klabu ya Ligi Kuu ya Wanawake ya Nottingham Forest hadi mwisho wa msimu wa 2025-26 . <ref>"Forest women complete Joy Omewa signing"''.'' Nottingham Forest F.C. ''27 January 2026. Retrieved 28 January 2026.''</ref> Alicheza mechi yake ya kwanza kwa klabu hiyo mnamo Februari 1, akianza mchezo na kufunga bao moja katika ushindi wa 5-1 dhidi ya Birmingham City . == Kazi ya kimataifa == Omewa hapo awali ameitwa kwenye kikosi cha Nigeria cha U-17 <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Ahmadu|first=Dennis|date=9 January 2025|title=Exclusive: Joy Omewa the Nigerian Star Lighting Up Danish Football|url=https://www.sportsboom.com/en-ng/football/exclusive-joy-omewa-fortuna-hjorring-sensation-aiming-to-pave-way-for-africans-in-denmark/|accessdate=26 April 2025|work=sportsboom.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=25 September 2024|title=Nigeria's Flamingos in Final Preparations for U-17 Women's World Cup|url=https://www.brila.net/nigerias-flamingos-in-final-preparations-for-u-17-womens-world-cup/|accessdate=26 April 2025|work=brila.net|publisher=Brila FM|archive-date=2024-09-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240925144201/https://www.brila.net/nigerias-flamingos-in-final-preparations-for-u-17-womens-world-cup/|url-status=dead}}</ref> na U-20 . <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=5 June 2022|title=U20 Women's World Cup: Omewa makes Nigeria's 30-woman provisional squad|url=https://sportnewsafrica.com/en/at-a-glance/u20-womens-world-cup-omewa-makes-nigerias-30-woman-provisional-squad/|accessdate=26 April 2025|work=sportsnewsafrica.com|archive-date=2022-08-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220811205049/https://sportnewsafrica.com/en/at-a-glance/u20-womens-world-cup-omewa-makes-nigerias-30-woman-provisional-squad/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Alicheza mechi yake ya kwanza ya kikosi cha wakubwa kwa Nigeria mnamo 24 Oktoba 2025, akiingia kama mchezaji mbadala katika ushindi wa Nigeria wa 2−0 ugenini dhidi ya Benin katika mechi ya kufuzu Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika kwa Wanawake mwaka wa 2026. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=24 October 2025|title=WAFCON 2026: Super Falcons defeat Benin 2–0 in first leg|url=https://www.aclsports.com/wafcon-2026-super-falcons-defeat-benin-2-0-in-first-leg/|accessdate=19 February 2026|work=aclsports.com}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2002]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Nigeria]] lprs7wxefbmxv8cgkyns3p87415mey3 Hamadou Souley 0 239721 1593894 1555446 2026-09-01T15:30:04Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593894 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hamadou Adamou Souley''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Niger]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Humanitarian Crisis Feared In Niger After Algeria Expels 7,000 Migrants|url=https://www.thenewsagency.in/world/humanitarian-crisis-feared-in-niger-after-algeria-expels-7000-migrants|work=The News Agency|accessdate=2026-05-28|language=en|author=T. N. A. Contributor|archive-date=2026-05-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260528142209/https://www.thenewsagency.in/world/humanitarian-crisis-feared-in-niger-after-algeria-expels-7000-migrants|url-status=dead}}</ref> Alihudumu kama Waziri wa Mambo ya Ndani na Ugatuaji kuanzia Novemba 2021 hadi alipokamatwa wakati wa mapinduzi ya Niger ya mwaka 2023. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Niger]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] qbewn8nts9a8fkqfz9tqat8rw27qkd3 Ufunuo wa Gabrieli 0 241313 1593927 1580176 2026-09-01T23:13:04Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Add 3 books for verifiability (20260901sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 1593927 wikitext text/x-wiki '''{{PAGENAME}}''' ni [[jiwe]]<ref name="NatGeo">{{ cite news | url=http://channel.nationalgeographic.com/series/expedition-week/4290/facts | title=The First Jesus? | publisher=[[National Geographic Society|National Geographic]] | access-date=5 August 2010 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100819141040/http://channel.nationalgeographic.com/series/expedition-week/4290/facts | archive-date=19 August 2010 | url-status=dead | df=dmy-all }}</ref> lenye [[maandishi]] ya [[mtindo wa kiapokalipti]] lakini [[Kanuni ya Biblia|hakikukubaliwa]] kama [[Neno la Mungu]]. Liliandikwa kwa [[Kiebrania]] katika [[karne ya 1 KK]] au [[karne ya 1]] [[Baada ya Kristo|BK]]. ==Tazama pia== * [[Maandiko ya kiapokalipti]] == Tanbihi == {{marejeo}} == Marejeo == {{refbegin|40em}} * {{cite journal |last=Atkinson |first=Kenneth |date=2018 |title=The Gabriel Revelation (Hazon Gabriel): A Reused Masseba Forgery? |journal=Qumran Chronicle |location=Moligany, Poland |publisher=The Enigma Press |issn=0867-8715 |volume=26 |number=3 |pages=113–127 |url=https://www.academia.edu/40999787 }} * {{cite book |last=Aus |first=Roger D. |chapter=Jesus as a Nazirite in Mark 14:25 par., and Joseph's reunion meal in Judaic tradition |editor-last=Evans |editor-first=Craig A. |editor-last2=Johnston |editor-first2=J.J. |title=Searching the Scriptures: Studies in Context and Intertextuality |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |series=The Library of New Testament Studies |year=2015 |isbn=978-0-567-66383-2 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9O-ECgAAQBAJ&pg=PA91 |page=81ff }} * {{cite journal |last=Bar-Asher |first=Moshe |title=On the Language of 'The Vision of Gabriel' |journal=Revue de Qumran |volume=23 |number=4 |year=2008 |pages=491–524 |jstor=24663069 }} * {{cite news |last=Bronner |first=Ethan |author-link=Ethan Bronner |date=6 July 2008 |title=Ancient Tablet Ignites Debate on Messiah and Resurrection |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/06/world/middleeast/06stone.html |access-date=29 September 2017 }} * {{cite book |last=Byun |first=Seulgi L. |title=The Influence of Post-Biblical Hebrew and Aramaic on the Translator of Septuagint Isaiah |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |series=The Library of Hebrew Bible/Old Testament Studies |year=2017 |isbn=978-0-567-67239-1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zpmqDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA7 }} * {{cite book |last=Collins |first=J.J. |chapter=Gabriel and David: Some reflections on an enigmatic text |title=Apocalypse, Prophecy, and Pseudepigraphy: On Jewish Apocalyptic Literature |publisher=Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company |year=2015 |isbn=978-1-4674-4383-8 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wdofCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA127 |page=127ff }} * {{cite book |last1=Dimant |first1=D. |last2=Kottsieper |first2=I. |title=The Dead Sea Scrolls in Scholarly Perspective: A History of Research |publisher=Brill |series=Studies on the Texts of the Desert of Judah |year=2012 |isbn=978-90-04-20806-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i6AQwnnEi6wC&pg=PA239 }} * {{cite journal |last=Elgvin |first=Torleif |year=2014 |title=Eschatology and Messianism in the Gabriel Inscription |journal=Journal of the Jesus Movement in Its Jewish Setting from the First to the Seventh Century |volume=1 |pages=5–25 |url=http://www.jjmjs.org/uploads/1/1/9/0/11908749/elgvin_gabriel_inscription.pdf |access-date=29 September 2017 }} {{small|This paper reworks and combines Elgvin's prior work on the Gabriel Revelation.}} * {{cite news |first=Daniel |last=Estrin |url=http://bigstory.ap.org/article/jerusalem-unveils-mysterious-hebrew-stone |title=Mysterious Hebrew stone displayed in Jerusalem |agency=[[Associated Press]] |date=30 April 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130503093324/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/jerusalem-unveils-mysterious-hebrew-stone |archive-date=3 May 2013}}<!-- Also at http://www.daily-chronicle.com/2013/05/01/mysterious-hebrew-stone-displayed-in-jerusalem/aarmbv1/ --> * {{cite book |last=Evans |first=Craig A. |author-link=Craig A. Evans |title=Jesus and the Ossuaries |publisher=Baylor University Press |year=2003 |isbn=978-0-918954-88-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=beoorz4Jk3sC&pg=PA116 }} * {{cite book |last=Gaines |first=J.M.H. |title=The Poetic Priestly Source |publisher=Augsburg Fortress, Publishers |year=2015 |isbn=978-1-5064-0046-4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pnHhCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA68 }} * {{cite journal |last=Goren |first=Yuval |year=2008 |title=Micromorphologic Examination of the 'Gabriel Revelation' Stone |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_israel-exploration-journal_2008_58_2/page/220 |journal=Israel Exploration Journal |volume=58 |number=2 |pages=220–229 |jstor=27927206}} * {{cite magazine |last=Halkin |first=Hillel |date=8 July 2008 |title=Blurry 'Vision of Gabriel' |magazine=[[The New York Sun]] |url=https://www.nysun.com/opinion/blurry-vision-of-gabriel/81384/ |access-date=14 October 2021 }} * {{cite journal |last=Hamidovic |first=David |year=2012 |title=An Eschatological Drama in Hazon Gabriel: Fantasy or Historical Background? |journal=Semitica |volume=54 |pages=233–250 |id=oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_11BDA2887951 |issn=0373-630X }} * {{cite magazine |last=Hendel |first=Ronald |year=2009<!-- Published online in 2008 --> |title=The messiah son of Joseph: Simply sign |url=https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/scholars-study/the-messiah-son-of-joseph/ |magazine=[[Biblical Archaeology Review]] |volume=35 |issue=1 |page=8 }} * {{cite book |editor-last=Henze |editor-first=Matthias |title=Hazon Gabriel: New readings of the Gabriel Revelation |publisher=Brill |series=Early Judaism and its literature |year=2011a |isbn=978-1-58983-541-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GWgc2zexTIIC }} [https://www.sbl-site.org/assets/pdfs/pubs/063529P.front.pdf Table of contents and preface] * {{cite book |last=Henze |first=Matthias |chapter=Some Observations on the Hazon Gabriel |pages=113–29 |chapter-url=https://www.academia.edu/download/36222284/Henze.Hazon_Gabriel.PDF |access-date=29 September 2017 |editor-last=Henze |editor-first=Matthias |title=Hazon Gabriel: New readings of the Gabriel Revelation |publisher=Brill |series=Early Judaism and its literature |year=2011b |isbn=978-1-58983-541-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GWgc2zexTIIC&pg=PA113 }} * {{cite book |last=Hutchinson |first=R.J. |title=Searching for Jesus: New Discoveries in the Quest for Jesus of Nazareth—and How They Confirm the Gospel Accounts |publisher=Thomas Nelson |year=2015 |isbn=978-0-7180-1849-8 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=09dhCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA117 }} * {{cite book |last=Jeselsohn |first=David |chapter=The Jeselsohn Stone: Discovery and Publication |pages=1–10 |editor-last=Henze |editor-first=Matthias |title=Hazon Gabriel: New readings of the Gabriel Revelation |publisher=Brill |series=Early Judaism and its literature |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-58983-541-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GWgc2zexTIIC&pg=PA1 }} * {{cite book |last=Justnes |first=Årstein |date=16 January 2015 |chapter=Hazon Gabriel: A Modern Forgery? |title=Material Philology in the Dead Sea Scrolls: New Approaches for New Text Editions: Proceedings of the International Conference at the University of Copenhagen, 3–5 April, 2014 |chapter-url=https://www.academia.edu/24056084 |access-date=29 September 2017 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}. Also published as {{cite speech |last=Justnes |first=Årstein |date=16 January 2015 |title=Hazon Gabriel: A Modern Forgery? |event=Holy Scriptures Forum |location=Norway |publisher=University of Agder |url=http://scriptures.typepad.com/nytestamentlig-fagforum/2014/12/ |access-date=29 September 2017 |ref=none |archive-date=2023-05-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230517055108/https://scriptures.typepad.com/nytestamentlig-fagforum/2014/12/ |url-status=dead }} <!-- earlier non-english work: Justnes, Årstein. "Gabriels åpenbaring (Hazon Gabriel)-En moderne forfalskning?" Teologisk tidsskrift 3.02 (2015): 120-130. --> * {{cite journal |last1=Justnes |first1=Årstein |last2=Rasmussen |first2=Josephine Munch |year=2020 |title=Hazon Gabriel: A Display of Negligence |journal=Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research |volume=384 |pages=69–76 |s2cid=225553689 |doi=10.1086/709464}} * {{cite journal | last=Klawans | first=Jonathan | title=Deceptive Intentions: Forgeries, Falsehoods and the Study of Ancient Judaism | journal=Jewish Quarterly Review | publisher=Project Muse | volume=108 | issue=4 | year=2018 | issn=1553-0604 | doi=10.1353/jqr.2018.0030 | pages=489–501| s2cid=165452745 | doi-access=free }} * {{cite news |last=Knohl |first=Israel |author-link=Israel Knohl |title=In three days, you shall live |work=Haaretz |date=19 April 2007 |url=https://www.haaretz.com/1.4816749 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180208123626/https://www.haaretz.com/1.4816749 |url-status=dead |archive-date=8 February 2018 |access-date=7 February 2018 }} * {{cite journal |last=Knohl |first=Israel |year=2008a |title="By Three Days, Live": Messiahs, Resurrection, and Ascent to Heaven in Hazon Gabriel |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-religion_2008-04_88_2/page/147 |journal=The Journal of Religion |publisher=University of Chicago Press |volume=88 |issue=2 |issn=0022-4189 |doi=10.1086/525562 |pages=147–158 |s2cid=170794593 }} * {{cite book |last=Knohl |first=Israel |year=<!--2011 |orig-year=-->2008b |chapter=The Gabriel Revelation and the Birth of Christianity |pages=[https://archive.org/details/deadseascrol_xxxx_2011_000_10819893/page/435 435]–476 |editor-last=Schiffman |editor-first=Lawrence H. |editor-last2=Roitman |editor-first2=Adolfo D. |editor-last3=Tzoref |editor-first3=Shani |title=The Dead Sea Scrolls and Contemporary Culture: Proceedings of the International Conference held at the Israel Museum, Jerusalem (July 6-8, 2008) |url=https://archive.org/details/deadseascrol_xxxx_2011_000_10819893 |publisher=Brill |isbn=978-90-04-18593-7 |doi=10.1163/ej.9789004185937.i-770 }} [https://web.archive.org/web/20080710052556/http://www.imj.org.il/DSS_conference_2008/abstracts.html#Knohl abstract] * {{cite magazine |last=Knohl |first=Israel |year=2008c |title=The Messiah son of Joseph: 'Gabriel's revelation' and the Birth of a New Messianic Model |magazine=Biblical Archaeology Review |volume=34 |number=5 |pages=58–62 |url=https://c795631.ssl.cf2.rackcdn.com/gabriels_revelation.pdf#page=8 |access-date=29 September 2017 |archive-date=29 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170929233022/https://c795631.ssl.cf2.rackcdn.com/gabriels_revelation.pdf#page=8 |url-status=dead }} The translation from this document has been republished and is available online at {{cite web |last=Knohl |first=Israel |date=15 July 2008 |title='Gabriel's Revelation' Tablet Translation Now Available on Hartman Website |website=Shalom Hartman Institute |url=https://hartman.org.il/SHINews_View.asp?Article_Id=162 |access-date=31 January 2018 |archive-date=1 February 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180201192931/https://hartman.org.il/SHINews_View.asp?Article_Id=162 |url-status=dead }} * {{cite book |last=Knohl |first=I. |title=Messiahs and Resurrection in 'The Gabriel Revelation' |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |series=The Robert and Arlene Kogod Library of Judaic Studies |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-4411-1486-0 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m2fOBAAAQBAJ }} * {{cite book | last=Knohl | first=Israel | chapter=The Apocalyptic and Messianic Dimensions of the Gabriel Revelation in Their Historical Gontext | editor-last=Henze | editor-first=Matthias | title=Hazon Gabriel: New readings of the Gabriel Revelation | publisher=Brill | series=Early Judaism and its literature | year=2011 | isbn=978-1-58983-541-2 | chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GWgc2zexTIIC&pg=PA39 | pages=39–60 }} * {{cite journal |last=Koller |first=Aaron |title=Book Review: Henze, Matthias, ed. Hazon Gabriel |journal=Review of Biblical Literature |year=2014 |volume=16 |pages=74–78 |url=http://fontes.lstc.edu/~rklein/Doc15/koller.pdf |access-date=29 September 2017 |archive-date=29 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170929232338/http://fontes.lstc.edu/~rklein/Doc15/koller.pdf |url-status=dead }} * {{cite book |last=Novenson |first=M.V. |title=The Grammar of Messianism: An Ancient Jewish Political Idiom and Its Users |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2017 |isbn=978-0-19-025502-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VPdKDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA176 |page=176ff }}<!-- more in this source --> * {{cite book |last=O'Connell |first=J.H. |title=Jesus' Resurrection and Apparitions: A Bayesian Analysis |publisher=Wipf & Stock Publishers |year=2016 |isbn=978-1-4982-2559-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aLlyDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA214 }} * {{cite journal |last1=Qimron |first1=Elisha |last2=Yuditsky |first2=Alexey (Eliyahu) |year=2009 |title=Notes on the So-called 'Vision of Gabriel' Inscription |journal=Cathedra: For the History of Eretz Israel and Its Yishuv |volume=123 |pages=133–144 |language=he |jstor=23408340 }}. An abbreviated version{{sfn|Koller|2014}} was published as {{cite book |last1=Qimron |first1=Elisha |last2=Yuditsky |first2=Alexey (Eliyahu) |chapter=Notes on the So-Called Gabriel Vision Inscription |editor-last=Henze |editor-first=Matthias |title=Hazon Gabriel: New readings of the Gabriel Revelation |publisher=Brill |series=Early Judaism and its literature |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-58983-541-2 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GWgc2zexTIIC&pg=PA31 |pages=31–38 }} * {{cite book |last=Rendsburg |first=Gary |chapter=Hazon Gabriel: A Grammatical Sketch |editor-last=Henze |editor-first=Matthias |title=Hazon Gabriel: New readings of the Gabriel Revelation |publisher=Brill |series=Early Judaism and its literature |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-58983-541-2 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GWgc2zexTIIC&pg=PA61 |pages=61–92 }} * {{cite book | last=Septimus | first=Y. | title=On the Boundaries of Talmudic Prayer | publisher=Mohr Siebeck | series=Texts and Studies in Ancient Judaism | year=2015 | isbn=978-3-16-153421-8 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bL0yh0aW95UC&pg=PA153 | access-date=8 February 2018 }} * {{cite journal |last=Schniedewind |first=W. M. |year=2005 |title=Prolegomena for the Sociolinguistics of Classical Hebrew |journal=Journal of Hebrew Scriptures |volume=5 |doi=10.5508/jhs.2004.v5.a6 |url=https://journals.library.ualberta.ca/jhs/index.php/jhs/article/view/5757 |issn=1203-1542 |doi-access=free }}{{Dead link|date=February 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * {{cite book |last=Terry |first=M. |title=Reader's Guide to Judaism |publisher=Taylor & Francis |year=2013 |isbn=978-1-135-94150-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Aw5EAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA551 }} * {{cite book |last=Witherington |first=B. |title=The Indelible Image: The Theological and Ethical Thought World of the New Testament: The Collective Witness |publisher=InterVarsity Press |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-8308-3862-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LhmU7erHYHQC&pg=PA211 }} Republished in {{cite book |last=Witherington |first=B. |title=New Testament Theology and Ethics |publisher=InterVarsity Press |volume=2 |year=2016 |isbn=978-0-8308-9984-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OwYwDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA211 }} * {{cite journal |last=Yardeni |first=Ada |year=2008 |title=A New Dead Sea Scroll in Stone? Bible-like Prophecy Was Mounted in a Wall 2,000 Years Ago |journal=Biblical Archaeology Review |volume=34 |number=1 |url=https://c795631.ssl.cf2.rackcdn.com/gabriels_revelation.pdf#page=3 |access-date=29 September 2017 |archive-date=29 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170929233022/https://c795631.ssl.cf2.rackcdn.com/gabriels_revelation.pdf#page=3 |url-status=dead }} [https://members.bib-arch.org/biblical-archaeology-review/34/1/16 From BAR website] [https://web.archive.org/web/20130404024948/http://www.bib-arch.org/archive.asp?PubID=BSBA&Volume=34&Issue=1&ArticleID=16&extraID=14 HTML archive without sidebars] * {{cite journal |last1=Yardeni |first1=Ada |last2=Elizur |first2=Binyamin |year=2007 |title=A First-Century BCE Prophetic Text Written on a Stone: First Publication |journal=Cathedra: For the History of Eretz Israel and Its Yishuv |volume=123 |pages=155–166 |language=he |jstor=23407585 }}, translated with minor additions{{sfn|Koller|2014}} in {{cite book |last1=Yardeni |first1=Ada |last2=Elizur |first2=Binyamin |chapter=A Hebrew Prophetic Text on Stone from the Early Herodian Period: A Preliminary Report |editor-last=Henze |editor-first=Matthias |title=Hazon Gabriel: New readings of the Gabriel Revelation |publisher=Brill |series=Early Judaism and its literature |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-58983-541-2 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GWgc2zexTIIC&pg=PA11 |pages=11–29 }} * {{cite journal |last=Young |first=Ian |year=2013 |title=Book Review: Hazon Gabriel: New Readings of the Gabriel Revelation |journal=Review of Biblical Literature |volume=15 |pages=211–215 |url=https://www.academia.edu/13584258 }}<!-- http://prophetess.lstc.edu/~rklein/Doc14/ianyoung.htm --> {{refend}} ===Subnotes=== {{reflist}} == Marejeo mengine == {{refbegin|40em}} * {{cite book |last=Beskow |first=Per |chapter=Modern Mystifications of Jesus |editor-last=Burkett |editor-first=Delbert |title=The Blackwell Companion to Jesus |publisher=Wiley-Blackwell |location=Oxford, UK |date=26 August 2010 |pages=458–473 |isbn=978-1-4443-2794-6 |doi=10.1002/9781444327946.ch28 }} * {{cite book |last=Capes |first=David B. |chapter=’Jerusalem’ in The Gabriel Revelation and the Revelation of John |pages=173–186 |editor-last=Henze |editor-first=Matthias |title=Hazon Gabriel: New readings of the Gabriel Revelation |publisher=Brill |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-58983-541-2 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GWgc2zexTIIC&pg=PA173 }}. An earlier draft of this chapter was published as {{cite book |last=David B. |first=Capes |date=24 January 2013 |title='Jerusalem' in The Gabriel Revelation and the Revelation of John |url=https://davidbcapes.com/articles/not-so-brief-articles/jerusalem-in-the-gabriel-revelation/ |access-date=29 September 2017 }} * {{cite web |last=Cohen-Matlofsky |first=Claude |title=Hazon Gabriel: A Social Historian's Point of View |website=The Bible and Interpretation |url=http://bibleinterp.com/opeds/coh368019.shtml |access-date=8 February 2018 |archive-date=29 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729033457/http://www.bibleinterp.com/opeds/coh368019.shtml |url-status=dead }} * {{cite conference |last=García |first=E. Macarena |year=2016 |title=Messianism and Resurrection in Jewish Apocalyptic Literature and the Dead Sea Scrolls |event=St. Andrews Symposium for Biblical and Early Christian Studies Son of God: Divine Sonship in Jewish and Christian Antiquity June 6–8, 2016 |url=https://www.academia.edu/26179848 |access-date=2026-07-04 |archivedate=2023-06-11 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230611025641/https://www.academia.edu/26179848 }} * {{cite journal |last=Hamidovic |first=David |year=2009 |title=La vision de Gabriel |url=https://archive.org/details/revue-dhistoire_april-june-2009_89_2/page/147 |journal=Revue d'Histoire et de Philosophie Religieuses |volume=89 |issue=2 |pages=147–168 |doi=10.3406/rhpr.2009.1389 |id=oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_46BAAA309892 |issn=0035-2403 |language=fr}} * {{cite journal |last=Hazen |first=Craig |year=2009 |title=Gabriel's Revelation |journal=Christian Research Journal |volume=32 |number=2 |url=http://www.equip.org/article/gabriels-revelation/ |access-date=29 September 2017 }} [http://www.equip.org/PDF/JAF2322.pdf PDF] <!-- At a conference at the [[Israel Museum]] in Jerusalem between 6 and 8 July 2008, marking the 60th anniversary of the discovery of the Dead Sea scrolls, Knohl gave a paper on the tablet.{{sfn|Bronner|2008}}--> * {{cite magazine |last=Tabor |first=James |author-link=James Tabor |year=2013 |title=The 'Gabriel Stone' on Display |magazine=[[Bible History Daily]] |url=https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/biblical-artifacts/inscriptions/the-gabriel-stone-on-display/ |access-date=8 February 2018 }} * {{cite journal |last=Tripp |first=Jeffrey M. |title=A Revelation from Gabriel to Nathan? The Herodian Temple and the Ideology of the Davidic Covenant in the Hazon Gabriel |journal=Annali di Storia dell'Esegesi |volume=31 |number=1 |year=2014 |pages=7–27 |url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=rfh&AN=ATLA0001988525 |url-access=subscription |via=EBSCO }} ([https://asejournal.files.wordpress.com/2014/06/ase-31-1-abstracts.pdf abstract])<!-- probably most important source --> * {{cite magazine |last=Tabor |first=James |date=13 May 2013 |author-link=James Tabor |title=The "Gabriel Stone" on Display |magazine=Bible History Daily |publisher=Biblical Archeology Society |url=https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/biblical-artifacts/inscriptions/the-gabriel-stone-on-display/ |access-date=29 September 2017 }} * {{cite journal |author=원용국 |title=사해사본에 나타난 "요셉의 아들 그 메시야 |trans-title=The messiah, the son of Joseph |work=성경과 고고학 <!--Bibles and Archeology --> |volume=72 |year=2012 |pages=4–18 |url=http://www.dbpia.co.kr/Journal/ArticleDetail/NODE01804237 |language=Korean }} {{refend}} == Viungo vya nje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20101224092040/http://www.bib-arch.org/news/dssinstone_english.pdf English translation] from {{harvnb|Yardeni|2008}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120515235133/http://www.bib-arch.org/images/DSS-stone-hebrew.jpg Hebrew text] from {{harvnb|Yardeni|2008}} * {{cite web |last=Yardeni |first=Ada |title=Untitled [Drawing of Hebrew as it is written on the stone] |date=14 March 2007 |url=http://www.nfc.co.il/uploadFIles/848324000835419.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080110201612/http://www.nfc.co.il/uploadFIles/848324000835419.pdf |archive-date=10 January 2008}} {{mbegu-kitabu}} [[Jamii:maandiko ya kiapokalipti]] [[Jamii:Uyahudi]] mcg1gmq5q0jguq6ylk5zzdpxebmudjt Matreya Fedor 0 244761 1593952 1587059 2026-09-02T08:58:10Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593952 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Matreya Natasha Fedor''' (amezaliwa [[11 Machi]], [[1997]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Kanada]]. Anajulikana kwa nafasi zake katika ''Slither'' (2006), ''Supernatural'' (2007), ''Chaos Theory'' (2008), ''The Break-Up Artist]]'' (2009), ''The Troop'' (2009–2010), ''Mr. Young'' (2011–2013), ''Cedar Cove'' (2013–2014), ''Perfect High'' (2015), na filamu za televisheni ''My One Christmas Wish'' (2015) na ''Home For Christmas Day'' (2017). ==Maisha na kazi== Fedor alizaliwa tarehe 11 Machi 1997.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://matreya-fedor.fanzoom.net/matreya/facts/ |title=Matreya Fedor facts |accessdate=2026-08-11 |archive-date=2026-08-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260811181930/http://matreya-fedor.fanzoom.net/matreya/facts/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="home">{{cite web|url= https://www.hallmarkmoviesandmysteries.com/home-for-christmas-day/cast |title=Home for Christmas Day - Cast |work=hallmarkmoviesandmysteries.com |date=2017 }}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-igiza-filamu}} {{BD|1997|}} [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kanada]] f9qqggb239jlbm46ubrjguh0q6hga8y Juliette Huot 0 245953 1593923 1589537 2026-09-01T22:27:02Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593923 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Juliette Huot''' ([[9 Januari]] [[1912]] – [[16 Machi]] [[2001]]) alikuwa [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Kanada]] kutoka [[Quebec]].<ref>"Actress played matriarch of Quebec". ''[[The Globe and Mail]]'', March 19, 2001.</ref> Alijulikana zaidi kwa nafasi yake katika filamu ''The Plouffe Family (Les Plouffe)'', ambayo ilimfanya ateuliwe kwenye orodha fupi ya wagombea wa Genie Award katika kitengo cha Mwigizaji Bora wa Kike Msaidizi katika 3rd Genie Awards mwaka 1982.<ref>"Les Plouffe, Ticket to Heaven lead the pack: Academy lists Genie nominees". ''[[The Globe and Mail]]'', February 4, 1982.</ref><ref name=canenc>[http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/juliette-huot/ "Juliette Huot"] {{Wayback|url=http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/juliette-huot/ |date=20190423013927 }}. ''[[The Canadian Encyclopedia]]'', April 23, 2014.</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-igiza-filamu}} {{BD|1912|2001}} [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kanada]] nhdie4sikunxg2jstaxbfkyxensk2fo Janette Bertrand 0 245961 1593912 1589318 2026-09-01T19:58:33Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593912 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Janette Bertrand''' (amezaliwa [[25 Machi]], [[1925]]) ni [[mwandishi]] wa habari, [[mwigizaji]], mwelimishaji na mwandishi wa [[Quebec]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cdfrdp.qc.ca/centre/2009/07/jeanette-bertrand.html |title=Jeanette Bertrand : un modèle pour les femmes du Québec |date=July 3, 2009 |publisher=Centre des femmes de Rivière-des-Prairies |accessdate=2026-08-19 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304080427/http://www.cdfrdp.qc.ca/centre/2009/07/jeanette-bertrand.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/pq-makes-waves-with-values-charter-as-quebec-campaign-enters-home-stretch-1.2592187 |title=PQ makes waves with values charter as Quebec campaign enters home stretch |date=March 30, 2014 |publisher=CBC News - Montreal}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-igiza-filamu}} {{BD|1925|}} [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kanada]] ghs1wemramdvh2b9mwcyrgvxl7mbp17 Jordan Hayes 0 246038 1593918 1589520 2026-09-01T21:46:40Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593918 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jordan Hayes''' (alizaliwa [[14 Juni]], [[1987]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Kanada]]. Alimcheza Dkt. Sarah Jordan katika mfululizo wa Syfy ''Helix''.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.thetvaddict.com/2014/01/24/helix-scoop-billy-campbell-and-jordan-hayes-talk-the-challenges-of-fighting-an-unseen-killer/ |title=HELIX Scoop: Billy Campbell and Jordan Hayes Talk The Challenges of Fighting an Unseen Killer |first=Tiffany |last=Vogt |work=the TV addict |date=January 24, 2014 |accessdate=March 7, 2014 |archive-date=2017-06-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170608162325/http://www.thetvaddict.com/2014/01/24/helix-scoop-billy-campbell-and-jordan-hayes-talk-the-challenges-of-fighting-an-unseen-killer/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://collider.com/helix-trailer-images/ |title=First Trailer and Images for BATTLESTAR GALACTICA Producer Ron Moore's New Syfy Series HELIX |first=Adam|last=Chitwood |work=Collider |date= 5 November 2013|accessdate=March 7, 2014}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-igiza-filamu}} {{BD|1987|}} [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kanada]] 9urxhaeiuye7zx6d7yn9ooaeb8fwdeh Charles Lucien Bonaparte 0 246087 1593926 1589611 2026-09-01T23:05:05Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Add 1 book for verifiability (20260901sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 1593926 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Charles Lucien Bonaparte''' (24 Mei 1803 - 29 Julai 1857) alikuwa [[mwanabiolojia]] wa [[Ufaransa]], mtoto wa Lucien Bonaparte, mdogo wake [[Kaizari|kaisari]] [[Napoleon Bonaparte|Napoleone I]]. ==Marejeo== * {{Cite journal |last=Thomas |first=Phillip Drennon | date=2002 |title=The emperor of nature: Charles-Lucien Bonaparte and his world. [Review of: Stroud, P.T. The emperor of nature: Charles-Lucien Bonaparte and his world. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000] |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-american-history_2002-03_88_4/page/1517 |journal=Journal of American History |volume=88 |issue=4 |pages=1517 | doi=10.2307/2700642 |jstor=2700642 | ref=none }} *{{Cite book | last=Stroud | first=Patricia Tyson | date=2000 | title=The Emperor of Nature: Charles-Lucien Bonaparte and His World | location=Philadelphia | publisher= University of Pennsylvania Press | isbn=978-0-8122-3546-3 | ref=none }} * [[Barbara Mearns|Mearns, Barbara]] and Richard - ''Biographies for Birdwatchers'' {{ISBN|0-12-487422-3}} * {{CathEncy|wstitle=Charles-Lucien-Jules-Laurent Bonaparte | ref=none}} =Viungo vya nje== *{{Commons category-inline}} *[https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/ Zoologica] [[Göttingen State and University Library]] {{mbegu-mwanasayansi}} {{BD|1803|1857}} [[Jamii:wanabiolojia wa Ufaransa]] iux1n82zqi8f8k5xiqr4vnj9ickncf0 Janine Sutto 0 246096 1593913 1589698 2026-09-01T20:03:18Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593913 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Janine Sutto''' ([[20 Aprili]] [[1921]] – [[28 Machi]] [[2017]]) alikuwa [[mwigizaji]] na [[mchekeshaji]] wa [[Kanada]] aliyezaliwa [[Ufaransa]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://montrealgazette.com/entertainment/arts/comedian-and-actress-janine-sutto-95-dies-in-montreal|title=Beloved Quebec actress Janine Sutto dies at 95|accessdate=2026-08-20|archive-date=2024-12-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204103019/https://montrealgazette.com/entertainment/arts/comedian-and-actress-janine-sutto-95-dies-in-montreal|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Sutto">{{cite web |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/montreal/article/flags-lowered-to-half-mast-to-mark-death-of-janine-sutto/ |title=Flags lowered to half-mast to mark death of Janine Sutto |date=28 March 2017 |work=[[CTV News]] |access-date=28 March 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/janine-sutto-dead-prolific-stage-tv-actress-was-95-989439 |title=Janine Sutto, Prolific Stage and TV Actress, Dies at 95 |last=Vlessing |first=Etan |date=28 March 2017 |work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |access-date=28 March 2017}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-igiza-filamu}} {{BD|1921|2017}} [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kanada]] sbqb61ffkuh7pld5djbbzbt8hgtdjrt Friedrich Karl Flick 0 246142 1593862 1590239 2026-09-01T12:16:22Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593862 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Friedrich Karl Flick''' ([[Februari 3]], [[1927]] – [[Oktoba 5]], [[2006]]) alikuwa mfanyabiashara bilionea nchini [[Ujerumani]] na [[Austria]]. == Maisha na Kazi == Alizaliwa [[Berlin]], akiwa mtoto wa mwisho wa [http://Friedrich%20Flick Friedrich Flick]{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, [[mfanyabiashara]] na mhalifu wa kivita wa Nazi, na Marie Schuss. Baada ya masomo yake, alifanya kazi katika kampuni ya baba yake. Mwaka [[1972]], baba yake alipofariki, alirithi sehemu kubwa ya biashara ya familia. Akiwa mmiliki wa pekee wa ''Friedrich Flick Industrial Holding'', alikuwa na maslahi katika makampuni makubwa ikiwemo Daimler-Benz, WR Grace, Gerling Insurance, Buderus, Dynamit Nobel, Feldmühle na mengine. Mwaka [[1975]], aliuza sehemu yake ya Daimler-Benz kwa ''Deutsche Bank'' kwa zaidi ya dola bilioni 1. Madeni makubwa ya kodi yaliepukwa kupitia "kulima mandhari ya kisiasa"—mchakato uliogeuka kuwa ''Flick Affair'' mwaka [[1983]] ilipobainika kwamba karibu dola milioni 25 zilikuwa zimelipwa kwa vyama vya siasa vya Ujerumani badala ya kupunguzwa kwa kodi na maamuzi mazuri<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1975/12/13/archives/bonn-bank-plans-benz-stock-sale-largest-german-institutior-forms-a.html |title=Bonn Bank Plans Benz Stock Sale |newspaper=New York Times |date=12 December 1975 }}</ref>. Ingawa Kansela Helmut Kohl alifaidika na miamala hiyo, alidai "hakumbuki", huku wengine wakijiuzulu kutoka nyadhifa zao. Mwaka [[1985]], Flick aliuza makampuni yake yaliyosalia. Wakati Deutsche Bank ilipotangaza kwamba ilikuwa imenunua hisa zake kwa karibu mark bilioni 3 za Ujerumani, Flick alistaafu nchini Austria, ambako alikua raia wa asili. Mnamo Machi [[2006]], utajiri wake ulikadiriwa kuwa dola bilioni 6.1<ref name=bloomberg>{{cite news|last1=Thiel|first1=SImon|title=Flick, Billionaire Son of Nazi War Criminal, Dies (Update1)|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=ajNFph3pc0d8|accessdate=11 November 2015|work=bloomberg|date=6 October 2006}}</ref>. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Ujerumani]] [[Jamii:Wanaume wa Ujerumani]] [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Austria]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1927]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2006]] k0f3d1eehrhabs43uordg8hty5thood Loretta Yu 0 246199 1593940 1589857 2026-09-02T04:51:49Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593940 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Loretta Yu''' (amezaliwa [[22 Desemba]], [[1982]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Kanada]] mwenye asili ya [[Kichina]]. == Maisha ya awali == Yu alizaliwa huko [[Montreal]], [[Quebec]], na alikulia [[Nova Scotia]], akifanya kazi katika mgahawa wa familia yake.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.torontosun.com/2016/02/25/celebrity-spaces-loretta-yu |title=Celebrity Spaces: Loretta Yu |newspaper=Toronto Sun |date=February 26, 2016}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=http://atlantic.festivalgenius.com/2008/films/nonsenserevolution_atlantic2008 |title=Nonsense Revolution |work=Atlantic Film Festival 2008 |accessdate=2026-08-21 |archive-date=2019-01-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190105145444/http://atlantic.festivalgenius.com/2008/films/nonsenserevolution_atlantic2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://medium.com/the-muff-society/begin-again-interview-julie-brar-be824387f69b|title=Begin Again Interview: Julie Brar|last=Melton|first=Siân|date=2019-03-26|website=Medium|access-date=2019-04-06}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-igiza-filamu}} {{BD|1982|}} [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kanada]] 6je9pligryyp7ox9ty1cc6dj84upfzg Heinrich Deichmann 0 246244 1593896 1589940 2026-09-01T16:11:24Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593896 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Heinrich Otto Deichmann''' (Alizaliwa [[Novemba 30]], [[1962]] huko Essen, Ujerumani Magharibi) ni [[mjasiriamali]] bilionea na afisa mkuu mtendaji wa biashara ya familia ''Heinrich Deichmann-Schuhe GmbH'' nchini [[Ujerumani]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2014-11-03|title=Spotlight Europe|url=https://spotlighteurope.eu/authors/heinrich-deichmann/|access-date=2021-08-05|website=spotlighteurope.eu|archive-date=2021-08-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210805072721/https://spotlighteurope.eu/authors/heinrich-deichmann/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Bloomberg Billionaires Index|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/billionaires/profiles/heinrich-deichmann/|access-date=2021-08-05|website=www.bloomberg.com}}</ref>. == Maisha na Kazi == Deichmann alizaliwa kwa Heinz-Horst na Ruth Deichmann, mwana pekee katika familia ya ndugu wanne. Baada ya kumaliza shule ya upili mwaka [[1982]], Heinrich Otto alisoma usimamizi wa biashara, sayansi ya kihistoria, falsafa na theolojia katika Chuo Kikuu cha Cologne<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/heinrich-deichmann/|title=Heinrich Deichmann & family|author=Steve Andriole|work=Forbes}}</ref>. Baba yake Heinz-Horst Deichmann, ambaye alikuwa daktari na mjasiriamali huko Essen, Ujerumani, alianzisha ''Heinrich Deichmann-Schuhe GmbH''. Kampuni hiyo inarudi nyuma hadi mwaka [[1913]] wakati mababu wa familia ya Deichmann walipofungua duka la viatu liitwalo Deichmann-Schuhe GmbH huko [[Essen]]. Kuanzia mwaka [[1989]] hadi [[1999]], alianza kama mkurugenzi mkuu katika kampuni ya familia na akawa mwenyekiti wa bodi alipochukua nafasi mwaka [[1999]] kutoka kwa baba yake, ambaye alifariki Oktoba [[2014]]. Kampuni hiyo sasa ni muuzaji anayeongoza wa viatu [[Ulaya]]. Inaendesha maduka 3,600 katika nchi 24, ikiwemo msururu wa ''Rack Room Shoes'' na ''Off Broadway'' nchini [[Marekani]]. Deichmann ni mmoja wa Wajerumani tajiri zaidi akiwa na utajiri unaokadiriwa kufikia Machi [[2017]] kuwa dola bilioni 7.7<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wiwo.de/koepfe-der-wirtschaft/heinrich-deichmann/5287790.html|title=Heinrich Deichmann|work=wiwo.de|access-date=2015-08-03|archive-date=2015-07-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150707100511/http://www.wiwo.de/koepfe-der-wirtschaft/heinrich-deichmann/5287790.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Ujerumani]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Ujerumani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1962]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 20b8lhlobz0vp8cq2y70o75wwsnp8oq Kituo cha afya cha Mangobo 0 246455 1593931 1590358 2026-09-02T02:11:35Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593931 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kituo cha afya cha Mangobo''' ni [[hospitali]] ya jumla ndani ya [[Kisangani]], inayopatikana [[Mangobo]], jimbo la [[Tshopo]], nchi ya [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] == Hadisi == Kituo cha Mangobo inapatikana kunako mtaa Limanga, blok II, n° 08, karibu ya kituo cha afya ya '''Maman Mwilu''',<ref>"HGR Mangobo" [https://www.memoireonline.com/12/12/6538/m_Opinion-du-personnel-medical-et-paramedical-sur-les-conditions-de-travail--lhopital-general1.html?], le 22-10-2024.</ref>. Kwanzia mwaka 2015 mpaka 2018, uchunguzi uliendeshwa kweni kituo cha Mangobo ili ya kuchunguza vema utembezi na maendeleo ya kituo cha afya hapo [[jiji|Kisangani]]<ref> "Analysis of Implementation of Drugs Management Policy in Public & Private Hospitals in the Democratic Republic of Congo", [https://www.sdiarticle4.com/prh/doc/Revised-ms_JSRR_53672_v1.pdf], le 28-10-2024.</ref>. Kunako mwaka 2023, ilitangazwa ya kwamba kituo hicho cha Mangobo iliporwa na vijana ya nia mbaya, na jambo ilo ika sababishwa kukata matunzo na kazi yeyote.<ref>"L'hôpital Général de référence de Mangobo pillé et saccagé par certains jeunes de cette municipalité", [https://www.rfmtv.net/sante-lhopital-general-de-reference-de-mangobo-pille-et-saccage-par-certains-jeunes-de-cette-municipalite/|site= rfmtv]{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, le 15-12-2024.</ref>. == Kazi == Kuna kazi nyingi ambazo kituo hicho kinafaidisha wakaaji : 1. Kazi ya matibabu : * Miadi ya daktari * Matunzo ya ndani * Tiba ya watoto * Upasuaji la jumla == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Kisangani]] tllq6f0pq9z9xxdzwzm8bivtam9q517 Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:BellaTheCheesebug 3 246561 1593945 1590558 2026-09-02T07:23:32Z Cabayi 35259 Cabayi alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:JimboGimmeJoe]] hadi [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:BellaTheCheesebug]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/JimboGimmeJoe|JimboGimmeJoe]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/BellaTheCheesebug|BellaTheCheesebug]]" 1590558 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 23 Agosti 2026 (UTC) l36wkpm5uk19cx2ep2e2gpuqpq5z17o John Van Lieshout 0 246793 1593917 1590953 2026-09-01T21:32:40Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593917 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Van Lieshout''' (Alizaliwa [[1946]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]] bilionea nchini [[Australia]], mwanzilishi na mmiliki wa zamani wa msururu wa maduka ya [[samani]] ''Amart Furniture''<ref name="forbes1">{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/john-van-lieshout/ |title=John Van Lieshout |work=Forbes.com |date=1 January 1970 |access-date=22 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ledburyresearch.com/articles/2015/john-andrew-van-lieshout/ |title=John Andrew van Lieshout &#124; Wealth-X |publisher=Ledburyresearch.com |date=19 April 2017 |access-date=22 May 2017 }}{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>. Van Lieshout ndiye mwanzilishi na mmiliki wa zamani wa msururu wa maduka ya fanicha ''Super A-Mart''. Aliuza Super A-Mart mwaka [[2006]] kwa [[Dola ya Australia|A$]] milioni 500, na akaingia katika maendeleo ya majengo. Kupitia kikundi chake cha ''Unison Projects Group'', amepata vitengo 600 vya nyumba na nyumba za miji 200 katika eneo la Brisbane<ref name="couriermail1">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.couriermail.com.au/business%2Fqld-business-monthly/sitting-pretty-van-lieshout-family-builds-furniture-empire%2Fnews-story%2Fc336fa38bd7a6fc8bf79d25506345c91&memtype=anonymous&mode=premium&nk=13f89a45f10bab7fda3ddd34b2e6f1b5-1569866714|title=Sitting Pretty: Van Lieshout family builds furniture empire |work=[[Courier-Mail]] |location=Queensland |date= |access-date=}}</ref>. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Australia]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Australia]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1946]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] gpv1664hi1kw7p6nd39zalxs6mlgy5h Laura Jordan 0 246932 1593935 1591119 2026-09-02T03:38:33Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593935 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Laura Jordan''' (alizaliwa [[10 Aprili]], [[1977]]) ni mwigizaji wa [[Kanada]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://variety.com/2007/scene/people-news/nicki-aycox-laura-jordan-1117978157/|title=Nicki Aycox, Laura Jordan|last=Perry|first=Byron|date=2007-12-26|website=Variety|language=en|access-date=2020-04-13}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.radiotimes.com/film/k8hgs/joy-ride-2-dead-ahead/|title=Joy Ride 2: Dead Ahead – review {{!}} cast and crew, movie star rating and where to watch film on TV and online|website=Radio Times|language=en|access-date=2020-04-13}}{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-igiza-filamu}} {{BD|1977|}} [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kanada]] 4347dkcrgcr54iz4ojlfao8f9qamc5i Len Buckeridge 0 246987 1593937 1591322 2026-09-02T03:58:46Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593937 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Leonard Walter Buckeridge''' ([[15 Juni]] [[1936]] – [[11 Machi]] [[2014]]) alikuwa [[mfanyabiashara]] nchini [[Australia]] anayejulikana kwa kuanzisha BGC.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.heavenaddress.com/Leonard-Len-Walter-Buckeridge/467691/ |title=Leonard (Len) Walter Buckeridge |work=Heaven Address |date=n.d. |access-date=30 November 2020 |archive-date=2018-06-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180628183325/http://www.heavenaddress.com/Leonard-Len-Walter-Buckeridge/467691/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Buckeridge alijenga majengo ya ghorofa nyingi huko [[Perth]] na kwingineko kupitia kampuni yake, Buckeridge Group of Companies. Pia alimiliki James Point Pty Ltd. Mnamo Septemba [[2012]], Buckeridge alishtaki mhudumu wa zamani wa forklift ambaye alidaiwa kuchapisha maoni ya kukashifu kwenye [[Facebook]] kuhusu yeye. Mfanyakazi huyo wa zamani aliungwa mkono na United Voice.<ref name="forbes">{{cite web |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/leonard-buckeridge/ |title=The World's Billionaires - Leonard Buckeridge |work=[[Forbes]] |date=March 2012 |access-date=28 January 2013}}</ref><ref name="courtney">{{cite news |url=http://www.watoday.com.au/wa-news/premiers-potentially-costly-len-buckeridge-gaffe-20121106-28vyl.html |title=Premier's potentially costly Len Buckeridge gaffe |work=[[WAtoday]]|date=6 November 2012 |access-date=28 January 2013 | author=Trenwith, Courtney}}</ref><ref name="sunday">{{cite news |url=http://www.perthnow.com.au/news/billionaire-sues-forklift-driver/story-e6frg12c-1226463141439 |title=Billionaire sues forklift driver |work=The Sunday Times |date=1 September 2012 | access-date=28 January 2013 |author=Cordingley, Glen}}</ref> Mnamo Novemba 2012, alishtaki Serikali ya Australia Magharibi kwa dola za Australia bilioni 1 kuhusu ucheleweshaji wa ujenzi kwenye Cockburn Sound. Waziri Mkuu Colin Barnett alimshauri kuondoa kesi hiyo. Buckeridge pia alishtaki kuhusu ucheleweshaji wa ujenzi wa Perth Arena.<ref name="watoday-arena">{{cite news |url=http://www.watoday.com.au/wa-news/perth-arena-cost-blows-out-to-5487-million-20111228-1pc74.html | title=Perth arena cost blows out to $548.7 million |work=WAtoday |date=28 December 2011 |access-date=28 January 2013}}</ref><ref name="perthnow-arena">{{cite news | url=http://www.perthnow.com.au/business/bgcs-len-buckeridge-baulks-at-perth-arena-penalty-fees/story-e6frg2ru-1226087122157 |title=BGC's Len Buckeridge baulks at Perth Arena penalty fees |work=[[PerthNow]]|date=4 July 2011 |agency=[[Australian Associated Press|AAP]] |access-date=28 January 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120116030411/http://www.perthnow.com.au/business/bgcs-len-buckeridge-baulks-at-perth-arena-penalty-fees/story-e6frg2ru-1226087122157 |archive-date=16 January 2012 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Australia]] [[Jamii:Wanaume wa Australia]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1936]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2014]] 7d4syns74otpbnboxowk5e10u5voufl Holly Lewis 0 247278 1593901 1591760 2026-09-01T17:34:35Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593901 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Holly Lewis''' (alizaliwa [[17 Desemba]], [[1974]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] na mwandishi wa [[Kanada]]. Alizaliwa na kukulia [[Scarborough]], [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]], na anajulikana kwa kazi zake katika [[televisheni]] na [[filamu]], pamoja na uzoefu wake wa jukwaani.<ref>{{cite web |title=These Girls |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0439008/ |accessdate=31 August 2015 |website=IMDb}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Jaffer |first1=Dave |title=These Girls Get it Good |url=http://hour.ca/2006/03/02/some-girls-get-it-good/ |accessdate=31 August 2015 |website=www.hour.ca |archive-date=2016-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084310/http://hour.ca/2006/03/02/some-girls-get-it-good/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-igiza-filamu}} {{BD|1974|}} [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kanada]] pt7yo4bi3teofz0ftcb4hs1x1bmdkev Kristen Thomson 0 247341 1593932 1591862 2026-09-02T02:42:55Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593932 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kristen Thomson''' (alizaliwa mwaka [[1966]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] na mwandishi wa tamthilia wa [[Kanada]]. Ameelezewa kama "ikoni ya maigizo ya Kanada".<ref name="l916">{{cite web | last=Sahagian | first=Sarah | title=We Sit Down With Canadian Actress Kristen Thomson | website=Eligible Magazine | date=27 November 2018 | url=https://www.eligiblemagazine.com/2018/11/27/54824/ | access-date=12 September 2024 | archive-date=2025-08-08 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250808130142/https://www.eligiblemagazine.com/2018/11/27/54824/ | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="y837">{{cite web|first=Christine|last=Kulp | title=Star Turns: Kristen Thomson | website=University of Toronto Magazine | date=5 December 2002 | url=https://magazine.utoronto.ca/people/alumni-donors/actor-stage-producer-kristen-thomson-i-claudia/ | access-date=12 September 2024}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-igiza-filamu}} {{BD|1966|}} [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kanada]] 7cryiey52uq6ubh92cskiweu6w05z5f Gabriel Ogbechie 0 247598 1593864 1592731 2026-09-01T12:36:44Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593864 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gabriel Ogbechie''' (alizaliwa [[28 Mei]] [[1966]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]] bilionea na mhisani nchini [[Nigeria]] ambaye alianzisha Rainoil Group, moja ya makampuni makubwa ya mafuta na gesi ya kiasili nchini Nigeria.<ref name="Punch">{{Rejea habari |last1=Omuojine |first1=Emmanuel |title=Celebrating Dr Gabriel Ogbechie's National Honour |date=18 October 2022 |url=https://punchng.com/celebrating-dr-gabriel-ogbechies-national-honour/ |access-date=20 January 2023|newspaper=[[The Punch]]}}</ref><ref name="BA">{{cite web |last1=Ajayi |first1=Omokolade |title=Nigerian oil tycoon Gabriel Ogbechie's Rainoil acquires majority stake worth $26.1 million in Eterna |url=https://billionaires.africa/nigerian-oil-tycoon-gabriel-ogbechies-rainoil-acquires-majority-stake-worth-26-1-million-in-eterna/ |website=Billionaires Africa |date=2 November 2021 |accessdate=2026-08-28 |archive-date=2023-01-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230120043412/https://billionaires.africa/nigerian-oil-tycoon-gabriel-ogbechies-rainoil-acquires-majority-stake-worth-26-1-million-in-eterna/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Businessday">{{Rejea habari |last1=Ndigwe |first1=Chinedu |title=After 25yrs, Rainoil positions for next growth phase |date=27 June 2022 |url=https://businessday.ng/news/article/after-25yrs-rainoil-positions-for-next-growth-phase/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=20 January 2023|newspaper=[[BusinessDay (Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]}}</ref> == Maisha ya Awali na Elimu == Ogbechie anatoka Idumuje Ugboko katika Eneo la Serikali ya Mtaa ya Aniocha Kaskazini ya [[Jimbo la Delta]] na alizaliwa katika familia ya kawaida akiwa mtoto wa tano kati ya sita<ref>{{cite web |title=Okowa celebrates Rainoil founder, Gabriel Ogbechie at 54 |url=https://www.deltastate.gov.ng/okowa-celebrates-rainoil-founder-gabriel-ogbechie-at-54/ |publisher=Delta State Government |access-date=20 January 2023 |archive-date=2022-10-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221020092722/https://www.deltastate.gov.ng/okowa-celebrates-rainoil-founder-gabriel-ogbechie-at-54/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. Alisoma katika Shule ya Msingi ya Queen of the Niger, Onitsha, na St. Patrick's College, Asaba, baada ya hapo aliendelea na Chuo Kikuu cha Benin (Nigeria), ambako alipata Shahada ya Sayansi (B.Sc.) katika Uhandisi wa Uzalishaji.<ref>{{Rejea habari |last1=Amagiya |first1=Florence |title=The amazing world of Rainoil Boss |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/03/the-amazing-world-of-rainoil-boss/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=20 January 2023|newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari |title=GABRIEL OGBECHIE HIS INSPIRING STORY |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2016/06/26/gabriel-ogbechie-his-inspiring-story/ |access-date=20 January 2023|newspaper=[[This Day]]}}</ref> Gabriel Ogbechie ni mwanachama waanzilishi wa Mpango wa Meneja Mmiliki wa Shule ya Biashara ya Lagos mwaka 2002 na mhitimu wa Mpango wa 57 wa Usimamizi wa Mmiliki/Rais wa Shule ya Biashara ya Harvard. Mwaka 2016, alitunukiwa Shahada ya Heshima ya Udaktari (D.Sc.) katika Usimamizi wa Teknolojia na Chuo Kikuu cha Novena, Ogume, Jimbo la Delta. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1966]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 6ndiu92jre50gr1wtwhvufc2jmwdonr Massimo Moratti 0 247729 1593951 1592690 2026-09-02T08:49:36Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593951 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Massimo Moratti''' ([[16 Mei]] [[1945]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]] bilionea nchini [[Italia]], mmiliki wa zamani wa Inter Milan na mwenyekiti wa Saras Group, iliyoanzishwa mwaka 1962 na baba yake, mfanyabiashara [[Angelo Moratti]]. Kiwanda kikuu cha uzalishaji cha Saras Group ni kiwanda cha kusafisha mafuta cha Sarroch kilichoko kisiwa cha [[Sardinia]], moja ya maeneo sita makubwa ya [[Ulaya]], yenye uwezo wa kutoapipa 300,000 kwa siku, ikiwakilisha asilimia 15 ya uwezo wa kusafisha nchini Italia. Katika miaka ya hivi karibuni, awali ili kuwezesha uhuru wa kiwanda cha Sarroch kutoka kwa masharti ya nishati, Saras Group imeingia katika uzalishaji wa umeme na inapanua uzalishaji wake wa vyanzo mbadala vya nishati, hasa katika uwanja wa nishati ya upepo, kupitia kampuni zake tanzu Sarlux na Sardeolica, ambayo inadhibitiwa kwa njia isiyo ya moja kwa moja kupitia kampuni Eolici Ulassai. Kuanzia 1995 hadi 2013, Moratti alikuwa mwenyekiti wa [[Inter Milan]]. Inasemekana alitumia karibu euro bilioni 1.5 ya utajiri wake wa kibinafsi katika soko la uhamisho, na alijulikana kwa kusaini nyota wengi wa soka kama [[Ronaldo Nazário|Ronaldo]] mwaka [[1997]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gazzetta.it/Calcio/27-10-2015/hall-of-fame-vialli-mancini-facchetti-ronaldo-herrera-agnelli-tardelli-ferlaino-130676725232.shtml|title=Hall of fame, 10 new entry: con Vialli e Mancini anche Facchetti e Ronaldo|trans-title=Hall of fame, 10 new entries: with Vialli and Mancini also Facchetti and Ronaldo|publisher=La Gazzetta dello Sport|language=it|date=27 October 2015|access-date=27 October 2015}}</ref> Alikuwa mwenyekiti wa heshima wa Inter, na pia balozi wa nia njema wa [[Umoja wa Mataifa]]. Mwaka [[2013]], aliingizwa kwenye Ukumbi wa Umaarufu wa Soka wa Italia.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newnotizie.it/2011/05/26/massimo-moratti-pisapia-berlusconi-autogol|title=Massimo Moratti a sostegno di Pisapia: Berlusconi fa solo autogol|date=26 May 2011|publisher=newnotizie.it|access-date=2011-06-01|archive-date=2011-05-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110528120930/http://www.newnotizie.it/2011/05/26/massimo-moratti-pisapia-berlusconi-autogol/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Wanaume wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1945]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ka62k38qy5ltn1qhadg2m53z9o6c32n Fred Mannix 0 247778 1593860 1592789 2026-09-01T12:02:42Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593860 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frederick Philip Mannix''' ( [[24 Februari]] [[1942]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]] bilionea nchini [[Kanada]], na mwenyekiti wa Mancal Group inayomilikiwa kibinafsi, ambayo inafanya kazi katika mali zisizohamishika, ufugaji, makaa ya mawe, mafuta na gesi.<ref name="lieutenantgovernor.ab.ca">{{cite web|url=https://www.lieutenantgovernor.ab.ca/aoe/arts/fred-mannix/index.html|title=Fred Mannix - The Alberta Order of Excellence|author=|date=|website=www.lieutenantgovernor.ab.ca|accessdate=11 April 2018}}</ref> == Maisha ya Awali == Fred Mannix alizaliwa tarehe 24 Februari 1942. Yeye ni mtoto mkubwa wa Frederick Charles Mannix na Margaret Mannix, na mjukuu wa Frederick Stephen Mannix. Ana kaka, Ron, na dada, Maureen. Mwaka 1966, alipata shahada ya kwanza kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Alberta.<ref name="canadianbusiness.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.canadianbusiness.com/lists-and-rankings/richest-people/rich-100-fred-ron-mannix/|title=Canada's Richest People: Fred & Ron Mannix|author=|date=24 December 2015|website=canadianbusiness.com|accessdate=11 April 2018|archive-date=2021-09-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210916110645/https://www.canadianbusiness.com/lists-and-rankings/richest-people/rich-100-fred-ron-mannix/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Kazi == Mwaka 2018, Canadian Business ilikadiria utajiri wa pamoja wa Fred na Ron Mannix kuwa dola za Kanada bilioni 3.3. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Wanaume wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1942]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 6kt1z413sxlief41azsx4h8rkirhx64 Janat Mkwaya 0 247912 1593910 1593479 2026-09-01T19:52:02Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 3 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593910 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Janat Balunzi Mukwaya''' (alizaliwa [[Wilaya ya Mukono]], Uganda, [[12 Desemba]] [[1951]]) ni mwanasiasa wa Uganda aliyekuwa Meja katika Jeshi la Uganda. Kwa sasa anahudumu kama Mshauri Mwandamizi wa Rais.Kabla ya kushika nafasi hiyo, aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Majukumu ya Jumla katika Ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu kuanzia tarehe 16 Februari 2009 hadi 27 Mei 2011. Pia aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa [[Jinsia]], Kazi na Masuala ya Kijamii kuanzia tarehe 6 Juni 2016 hadi [[Desemba]] 2019.Vilevile, Janat Balunzi Mukwaya aliwahi kuwa [[Waziri]] wa [[Biashara]] na [[Viwanda]] kuanzia Juni 2006 hadi [[Februari]] 2009.Mnamo Mei 2011, alistaafu kwa muda kutoka katika shughuli za kisiasa, na nafasi yake katika Baraza la Mawaziri ilichukuliwa na Kiddu Makubuya. Aidha, Janat Balunzi Mukwaya aliwahi kuwa Mbunge aliyechaguliwa wa Jimbo la Mukono South, katika Wilaya ya Mukono, kuanzia mwaka 2006 hadi alipostaafu mwaka 2011.Kwa ujumla, Janat Balunzi Mukwaya ni [[mwanamke]] aliyeshiriki katika siasa, [[uongozi]] wa serikali na [[jeshi]] nchini Uganda, akihudumu katika nafasi mbalimbali za uongozi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Who will be the first Kampala executive director?|url=https://www.newvision.co.ugnull/|work=New Vision|accessdate=2026-08-29|author=Vision Reporter}}{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Elimu == Janat Balunzi Mukwaya alisoma Sayansi ya Siasa na Utawala wa Kijamii katika Chuo Kikuu cha Makerere kuanzia mwaka1971 hadi 1975. Alimaliza masomo yake na kupata Shahada ya Kwanza ya Sanaa kwa heshima.Kuanzia mwaka 1975 hadi 1981, alifanya kazi kama hakimu wa utawala daraja la pili katika mahakama ya vijijini.Mwaka 1981,alijiunga na Jeshi kama mpiganaji. Baadaye alipanda cheo na kufikia Cheo cha Kapteni katika jeshi hilo.Aidha, Janat Balunzi Mukwaya ana Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sanaa , katika Sera za Umma na Usimamizi, kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha London.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Who will be the first Kampala executive director?|url=https://www.newvision.co.ugnull/|work=New Vision|accessdate=2026-08-29|author=Vision Reporter}}{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == '''Kazi na safari yake ya kisiasa''' == Baada ya Jeshi laJeshi la [[Upinzani]] la Kitaifa kuchukua madaraka mwaka 1986, Janat Mukwaya aliteuliwa kuwa Mkurugenzi wa Masuala ya [[Wanawake]] katika Wizara ya Jinsia, Kazi na [[Maendeleo]] ya Kijamii. Alifanya kazi katika nafasi hiyo hadi mwaka 1990.Mwaka 1994, aliteuliwa kuwa Katibu Binafsi Mkuu wa Makamu wa Rais wa Uganda. Alihudumu katika nafasi hiyo hadi mwaka 1995.Kati ya mwaka 1995 na 1996, Mukwaya alihudumu kama Waziri wa Nchi anayeshughulikia eneo la Luwero Triangle katika Ofisi ya Rais.Kuanzia mwaka 1996 hadi 2001, alihudumu kama Waziri wa Jinsia, Kazi na Maendeleo ya Kijamii.Kwa ujumla, Janat Mukwaya alikuwa na safari ndefu ya kisiasa na alishika nafasi mbalimbali za uongozi nchini Uganda, hasa katika masuala ya [[wanawake]], jinsia, kazi na [[maendeleo]] ya kijamii.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Museveni reshuffles cabinet|url=https://www.newvision.co.ugnull/|work=New Vision|accessdate=2026-08-29|author=Vision Reporter}}{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1951]] [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Uganda]] rmx56pkggii34u1oqc34g71htpwerqb Isabelle Gaudeuille 0 248013 1593869 1593230 2026-09-01T14:31:28Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593869 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Charlotte Isabelle Gaudeuille''' (alizaliwa [[1954]]) ni [[Siasa|mwanasiasa]] na [[mwanasheria]] wa [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]]. Alihudumu kama [[Waziri]] wa Sheria na [[Waziri]] wa [[Maji]] na [[Msitu|Misitu]]. Mnamo [[Januari]] 2014, '''Gaudeuille''' aliteuliwa kuwa [[Waziri]] wa Sheria, [[Magiri|Mhariri]] wa Mihuri na Mkuu wa Marekebisho ya Kiutawala wa Sheria na Haki za [[Binadamu]] wa Jamhuri ya [[Afrika ya Kati]] (CAR), akihudumu katika [[serikali]] ya André Nzapayeké. Alishiriki katika ukarabati wa [[Gereza]] Kuu la [[Ngarara|Ngaragba]] jijini [[Bangui]], ambalo liliharibiwa kwa kiasi na kuporwa mnamo [[Desemba]] 2013.<ref>{{Citation|title=Isabelle Gaudeuille|date=2026-04-24|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Isabelle_Gaudeuille&oldid=1350902689|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2026-08-29}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1954|}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] sybscg1y2ptl4qmipoqs730qjuc914o Martha Imalwa 0 248014 1593870 1593283 2026-09-01T14:32:01Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593870 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Olivia Martha Imalwa''' (aliyezaliwa Ekandjo tarehe [[23 Desemba]] [[1960]]) ni [[Mwanasheria Mkuu]] wa Mashtaka wa [[Namibia]] tangu mwaka [[2004]].Mwaka [[1982]], Imalwa alikwenda uhamishoni nchini [[Angola]]. Alisoma na kuhitimu kwa ufaulu wa juu katika Taasisi ya Umoja wa Mataifa ya Namibia mwaka [[1985]] nchini [[Zambia]].Baadae, mwaka [[1988]], alisoma Shahada ya Sheria (LLB) kwa heshima katika Chuo Kikuu cha Warwick nchini [[Uingereza]]. Alirejea Namibia kutoka uhamishoni mwaka [[1989|1989.]].Baada ya Namibia kupata uhuru mwezi Machi [[1990]], alifanya kazi kama mratibu katika Kituo cha Msaada wa Kisheria huko [[Ongwediva]]. Mwaka [[1992]], akawa Mwendesha Mashtaka wa Serikali huko [[Oshakati]], na baadae akawa [[Msimamizi]] wa Waendesha Mashtaka katika miji ya kaskazini<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Windhoek Observer – Democracy in the mirror|url=https://observer24.com.na/|work=observer24.com.na|accessdate=2026-08-29}}</ref>. Martha Imalwa baadae akawa [[Wakili]] wa Serikali katika Mahakama Kuu ya Namibia. Mwaka [[2000]], aliteuliwa kuwa Naibu Mwanasheria Mkuu wa Mashtaka wa Namibia.Mwaka 2004, aliteuliwa kuwa Mwanasheria Mkuu wa Mashtaka wa Namibia<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Martha Imalwa|url=https://pensions-africa.com/events/itemlist/tag/Martha%20Imalwa|work=pensions-africa.com|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-gb}}</ref>. Mwaka [[2013]], aliteuliwa tena kushika nafasi hiyo na Rais [[Hifikepunye Pohamba]]. == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Namibia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1960]] s9rcw6cb8xjb3aefot7gwf95dv8aho1 Barbara Serwaa Asamoah 0 248015 1593871 1593232 2026-09-01T14:32:26Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Barbara serbia asamoah article]] hadi [[Barbara Serwaa Asamoah]]: usahihi wa jina 1593232 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Barbara Serwaa Asamoah''' (aliyezaliwa tarehe 18 Februari) ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa kutoka Ghana. Yeye ni mwanachama wa Chama cha Kongamano la Kitaifa la Kidemokrasia na kwa sasa ni Naibu Katibu Mkuu wa chama hicho.[1][2]<ref><nowiki>https://www.ghanabusinessnews.com/2015/08/03/sub-committees-inaugurated-to-man-activities-of-mining/</nowiki></ref> Mnamo Oktoba [[2025]], aliapishwa kuwa mjumbe wa Bodi ya Mamlaka ya Kitaifa ya Mawasiliano.[3]<ref><nowiki>https://www.myjoyonline.com/ofosu-ampofo-didnt-lose-because-of-underperformance-ndc-deputy-general-secretary/</nowiki></ref> Siasa Mwaka [[2013]], Barbara Serwaa Asamoah alipendekezwa na kuteuliwa kuwa Naibu Waziri wa Ardhi na Maliasili.[4] Alihudumu katika nafasi hiyo hadi chama chake, kongamano la kitaita lakidemokrasia, kiliposhindwa katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 2016 na kukabidhi madaraka kwa serikali iliyofuata mwaka 2017.[5][6][7]<ref>{{Citation|title=Cairns, Joyce Winifred, (born 21 March 1947), President, Royal Scottish Academy, since 2018 (Deputy President, 2015–18)|date=2020-12-01|url=https://doi.org/10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u275179|work=Who's Who|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-954088-4|access-date=2026-08-29}}</ref> Tarehe 19 Desemba [[2022]], Barbara Serwaa Asamoah, ambaye aliendelea kushikilia nafasi yake ya Naibu Katibu Mkuu wa kongamano la taifa la kidemokrasia alipinga madai kwamba kushindwa kwa Samuel Ofosu-Ampofo katika Kongamano la Kitaifa la Wajumbe kulitokana na kutofanya vizuri katika majukumu yake.[8]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ofosu-Ampofo didn't lose because of underperformance - NDC Deputy General Secretary - MyJoyOnline|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/ofosu-ampofo-didnt-lose-because-of-underperformance-ndc-deputy-general-secretary/|date=2022-12-19|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-US}}</ref> Marejeo 2kxemefnmebyujbeaquhzfypns87m30 1593873 1593871 2026-09-01T14:34:00Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593873 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Barbara Serwaa Asamoah''' (alizaliwa tarehe 18 Februari) ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa kutoka Ghana. Yeye ni mwanachama wa Chama cha Kongamano la Kitaifa la Kidemokrasia na kwa sasa ni Naibu Katibu Mkuu wa chama hicho.<ref>https://www.ghanabusinessnews.com/2015/08/03/sub-committees-inaugurated-to-man-activities-of-mining/</ref> Mnamo Oktoba [[2025]], aliapishwa kuwa mjumbe wa Bodi ya Mamlaka ya Kitaifa ya Mawasiliano.<ref>https://www.myjoyonline.com/ofosu-ampofo-didnt-lose-because-of-underperformance-ndc-deputy-general-secretary/</ref> Mwaka [[2013]], Barbara Serwaa Asamoah alipendekezwa na kuteuliwa kuwa Naibu Waziri wa Ardhi na Maliasili. Alihudumu katika nafasi hiyo hadi chama chake, kongamano la kitaita lakidemokrasia, kiliposhindwa katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 2016 na kukabidhi madaraka kwa serikali iliyofuata mwaka 2017.<ref>{{Citation|title=Cairns, Joyce Winifred, (born 21 March 1947), President, Royal Scottish Academy, since 2018 (Deputy President, 2015–18)|date=2020-12-01|url=https://doi.org/10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u275179|work=Who's Who|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-954088-4|access-date=2026-08-29}}</ref> Tarehe 19 Desemba [[2022]], Barbara Serwaa Asamoah, ambaye aliendelea kushikilia nafasi yake ya Naibu Katibu Mkuu wa kongamano la taifa la kidemokrasia alipinga madai kwamba kushindwa kwa Samuel Ofosu-Ampofo katika Kongamano la Kitaifa la Wajumbe kulitokana na kutofanya vizuri katika majukumu yake.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ofosu-Ampofo didn't lose because of underperformance - NDC Deputy General Secretary - MyJoyOnline|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/ofosu-ampofo-didnt-lose-because-of-underperformance-ndc-deputy-general-secretary/|date=2022-12-19|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-US}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Ghana]] nfm3vypf95ys5xmr1ltynbci64ooazo Tiawan Saye Gongloe 0 248016 1593874 1593340 2026-09-01T14:34:57Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593874 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tiawan Saye Gongloe''' ni mwanasheria, mwalimu, mwanaharakati wa haki za binadamu na mwanasiasa mashuhuri kutoka Liberia ambaye kwa zaidi ya miaka 40 amekuwa akitetea demokrasia, utawala wa sheria, haki za binadamu na uhuru wa raia.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Is Professor Cllr. Tiawan Saye Gongloe the " Servant and Transformation Leader" Liberia needs?|url=https://www.thenewdawnliberia.com/is-professor-cllr-tiawan-saye-gongloe-the-servant-and-transformation-leader-liberia-needs/|work=Liberia news The New Dawn Liberia, premier resource for latest news|date=2022-09-19|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-US|author=NewDawn}}</ref> == Elimu na uongozi wa kitaaluma == Tiawan Gongloe amechangia katika elimu ya sheria na uchumi nchini Liberia, aliwahi kuwa Rais wa Chama cha Wanasheria cha Liberia (LNBA) kuanzia 2018 hadi 2021, ambapo alianzisha mafunzo endelevu ya kisheria, kuboresha viwango vya taaluma ya uwakili na kuandaa mkutano wa kimataifa wa Chama cha Wanasheria wa Afrika (AfBA) mwaka 2019.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=ELECTIONS 2023: Know Your Candidate – Profile Of Tiawan Saye Gongloe|url=https://gnnliberia.com/elections-2023-know-your-candidate-profile-tiawan-saye-gongloe/|work=Global News Network Liberia|date=2023-09-20|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-US|author=GNNLiberia}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Liberia]] b04vmfprndgfkryvsiw4byfv15odw8q Sabato Peter 0 248017 1593875 1593328 2026-09-01T14:38:38Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593875 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Sabato Peter.jpg|thumb|403x403px]] '''Peter Mwita Chacha''' (amezaliwa [[Tanzania]], 22 Agosti 2004<ref name=":1" />), anayejulikana kitaaluma na kwenye [[Mtandao wa kijamii|mitandao ya kijamii]] kama '''Sabato Peter''' au '''Sabato Peter TZ''', ni mtengeneza maudhui na mburudishaji kutoka [[Tanzania]]. Anajulikana zaidi kwa kutengeneza [[vichekesho]], maudhui ya maisha na video fupi zinazochapishwa kwenye mitandao ya kijamii, hasa [[TikTok]].<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tanzanian creator Sabato Peter lauds Kenya's Gen Zs for bravery during Albert Ojwang protests|url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/entertainment/article/2001522001/tanzanian-creator-sabato-peter-lauds-kenyas-gen-zs-for-bravery-during-albert-ojwang-protests|work=The Standard|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en|author=Molly Chebet}}</ref> Sabato Peter amejenga wafuasi wengi kwenye [[TikTok]] na pia amepata uangalizi kutoka kwa vyombo vya habari nchini [[Tanzania]] na [[Kenya]]. Maudhui yake na ushiriki wake katika shughuli mbalimbali za kijamii na burudani yamechangia kuongezeka kwa umaarufu wake katika tasnia ya burudani ya kidijitali [[Afrika ya Mashariki|Afrika Mashariki.]]<ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Kenyan Prince to Sabato TZ: 'There is no young person my age with more intelligence and money than me.'|url=https://www.mpasho.co.ke/entertainment/2026-05-21-sabato-peter-tz-shares-light-hearted-car-conversation-with-kenyan-prince|work=www.mpasho.co.ke|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en}}</ref> == Maisha ya awali == Peter Mwita Chacha alianza kutumia jina '''Sabato Peter''' kama utambulisho wake wa umma na wa kikazi, na kuanza kujenga kazi katika utengenezaji wa maudhui ya kidigitali na [[burudani]].<ref name=":1" /> == Kazi == Sabato Peter alianza kujenga umaarufu wake kupitia utengenezaji wa maudhui kwenye mitandao ya kijamii, hasa video za vichekesho na maisha ya kila siku. Video zake fupi zimemsaidia kujenga hadhira nchini [[Tanzania]] na katika maeneo mengine ya [[Afrika ya Mashariki|Afrika Mashariki]]. Akaunti yake ya TikTok, '''@realsabatopeter''', imetajwa na huduma za uchambuzi wa watengeneza maudhui kuwa na wafuasi takribani milioni nne, jambo linalomweka miongoni mwa watengeneza maudhui maarufu wa TikTok nchini Tanzania.<ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tanzanian creator Sabato Peter lauds Kenya's Gen Zs for bravery during Albert Ojwang protests|url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/entertainment/article/2001522001/tanzanian-creator-sabato-peter-lauds-kenyas-gen-zs-for-bravery-during-albert-ojwang-protests|work=The Standard|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en|author=Molly Chebet}}</ref> Pia ana uwepo kwenye [[Instagram]] kupitia akaunti '''@sabato_peter_tz''', ambayo inamtambulisha kama mtengeneza maudhui na mburudishaji. Kazi ya Sabato Peter imehusisha pia ushirikiano na mwingiliano na watengeneza maudhui wengine kutoka [[Afrika ya Mashariki|Afrika Mashariki]], hali iliyochangia kuongezeka kwa mwonekano wake nje ya [[Tanzania]]. == Kuonekana kwenye vyombo vya habari == Sabato Peter amepata uangalizi kutoka kwa vyombo vya habari vya Kenya kutokana na shughuli zake kwenye mitandao ya kijamii na maoni yake kuhusu masuala mbalimbali.<ref name=":3">{{Rejea tovuti|title=New Tanzania Creators Awards aim to professionalise digital content industry|url=https://www.therespondents.co.tz/2026/01/new-tanzania-creators-awards-aim-to.html|work=THE RESPONDENT|date=2026-01-17|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en}}</ref> Mnamo Juni [[2025]], gazeti la Kenya '''The Standard''' lilichapisha makala iliyomtaja kama mtengeneza maudhui kutoka Tanzania na kuripoti maoni yake kuhusu maandamano ya Gen Z nchini Kenya yaliyofuatia kifo cha mwanablogu '''Albert Ojwang''''. Taarifa hiyo ilichangia kuongeza mwonekano wake miongoni mwa hadhira ya nje ya Tanzania.<ref name=":3" /> Mnamo Mei [[2026]], jarida la burudani la Kenya '''Mpasho''' liliripoti kuhusu mawasiliano kati ya Sabato Peter TZ na mwanaburudishaji wa Kenya '''Kenyan Prince'''. Makala hiyo ilimtaja Sabato Peter kama mtengeneza maudhui wa Tanzania anayejulikana kwa vichekesho na maudhui ya maisha.<ref name=":2" /> == Maudhui na wasifu wa umma == Maudhui ya Sabato Peter yanahusisha zaidi '''vichekesho, burudani na maisha ya kila siku'''. TikTok imekuwa mojawapo ya majukwaa muhimu katika kujenga na kukuza umaarufu wake. Maudhui yake pia yamehusishwa na watengeneza maudhui wengine pamoja na shughuli zinazohusiana na muziki kwenye TikTok, na hivyo kumwezesha kuwa sehemu ya mtandao mpana wa watengeneza maudhui na wasanii wa burudani Afrika Mashariki.<ref name=":0" /> == Tuzo na uteuzi == Sabato Peter amehusishwa na ''Tanzania Creators Awards'', ambapo aliorodheshwa kuwa mmoja wa walioteuliwa katika kipengele cha vichekesho kwa mzunguko wa tuzo za mwaka [[2025]]/[[2026]].<ref name=":3" /> Taarifa zaidi kuhusu [[tuzo]] hizo, ikiwa ni pamoja na iwapo alishinda, zinapaswa kuongezwa baada ya kuthibitishwa na waandaaji wa tuzo hizo au vyanzo huru na vya kuaminika. == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{mbegu-Mtanzania}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:wanaume wa Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2004]] g5eyx15mq76hrn0lhisgdyesbj0rfbz Majidi Ramadhani 0 248018 1593876 1593280 2026-09-01T14:41:10Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593876 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Majid Ramadhani.jpg|404x404px|thumb|]] '''Majidi Ramadhani''', anayejulikana pia kwa jina la '''Bravesty''', (alizaliwa [[Tanzania]], 23 Aprili 1992) ni [[mtaalamu]] wa [[vyombo vya habari]] vya kidijitali na msimamizi wa mitandao ya kijamii kutoka Tanzania. Amehusishwa na [[WCB Wasafi]], kampuni ya burudani iliyoanzishwa na mwanamuziki wa Tanzania [[Diamond Platnumz]].<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Rayvanny surprises his videographer with a brand new Car (Video)|url=https://www.pulse.co.ke/story/rayvanny-surprises-his-videographer-with-a-brand-new-car-video-2024082215450580793|work=Pulse Kenya|date=2021-10-15|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en}}</ref> == Kazi == Majidi Ramadhani amefanya kazi katika usimamizi wa [[Mtandao wa kijamii|mitandao ya kijamii]] na [[vyombo vya habari]] vya kidijiti katika tasnia ya [[burudani]] nchini Tanzania.<ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Rayvanny surprises his videographer with a brand new Car (Video)|url=https://www.pulse.co.ke/story/rayvanny-surprises-his-videographer-with-a-brand-new-car-video-2024082215450580793|work=Pulse Kenya|date=2021-10-15|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en}}</ref> Mwaka '''[[2021]]''', Pulse Kenya ilimtaja Ramadhani kwa jina la '''“Majidi Ramadhani aka Bravesty”''' na kumuelezea kama msimamizi wa mitandao ya kijamii wa WCB Wasafi. Taarifa hiyo ilimtaja miongoni mwa wafanyakazi na washirika wa kampuni hiyo waliopata kutambuliwa na [[Diamond Platnumz]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Diamond Platnumz gifts another Employee with Brand New Car (Photos)|url=https://www.pulse.co.ke/story/diamond-platnumz-gifts-his-employee-george-ambangile-with-brand-new-car-photos-2024082205340635382|work=Pulse Kenya|date=2021-04-29|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en}}</ref> Mwezi Aprili '''2021''', Pulse Kenya ilimuelezea tena Ramadhani kama '''msimamizi wa mitandao ya kijamii wa WCB Wasafi''', katika taarifa kuhusu zawadi iliyotolewa kwa mmoja wa wafanyakazi wa kampuni hiyo.<ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Diamond Platnumz gifts another Employee with Brand New Car (Photos)|url=https://www.pulse.co.ke/story/diamond-platnumz-gifts-his-employee-george-ambangile-with-brand-new-car-photos-2024082205340635382|work=Pulse Kenya|date=2021-04-29|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en}}</ref> == Wasafi Digital == Mwaka [[2022]], Ramadhani alihusishwa na Wasafi Digital katika tukio la kusimamishwa kwa akaunti ya [[YouTube]] ya [[Diamond Platnumz]].<ref name=":3">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Diamond gifts his employee new car &amp; piece of land on his wedding day|url=https://www.mpasho.co.ke/entertainment/2023-04-24-diamond-gifts-his-employee-new-car-piece-of-land-on-his-wedding-day|work=www.mpasho.co.ke|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en}}</ref> Gazeti la ''The Citizen'' lilimtaja Majidi Ramadhani kama msimamizi wa Wasafi Digital na kuripoti maelezo yake kwamba akaunti hiyo ilikuwa imedukuliwa kabla ya kusimamishwa. Ramadhani alisema timu ya kidijitali ya Wasafi ilikuwa ikifanya kazi kutatua tatizo hilo pamoja na YouTube.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Diamond Platnumz fights to get back suspended YouTube account|url=https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/news/entertainment/diamond-platnumz-fights-to-get-back-suspended-youtube-account-3794958|work=The Citizen|date=2022-04-26|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en}}</ref> Tukio hilo pia liliripotiwa na ''The EastAfrican'', ambayo ilimtaja Ramadhani katika nafasi yake ya usimamizi wa shughuli za kidijitali za Wasafi.<ref name=":1" /> == Mitandao ya kijamii == Majidi Ramadhani anahusishwa na jina la mtumiaji ''@bravesty_sk'' kwenye mitandao ya kijamii.<ref name=":0" /> Akaunti hiyo imekuwa ikihusishwa na jina la Majidi kupitia machapisho na mawasiliano kutoka kwa watu mbalimbali wanaohusishwa na tasnia ya burudani. Mwaka 2026, tovuti ya uchambuzi wa mitandao ya kijamii Hafi iliiorodhesha akaunti ''@bravesty_sk'' miongoni mwa akaunti za TikTok zenye wafuasi wengi nchini Tanzania.<ref name=":3" /> == WCB Wasafi == Ramadhani amehusishwa na ''WCB Wasafi'', kampuni ya burudani ya Tanzania inayohusika na muziki na shughuli nyingine za burudani.<ref name=":2" /> Katika taarifa za vyombo vya habari vya Kenya mwaka '''2021''', alitambuliwa kwa jina lake la kitaaluma la Bravesty na kuhusishwa na usimamizi wa mitandao ya kijamii wa kampuni hiyo.<ref name=":2" /> == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{Mbegu-Mtanzania}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1992]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Tanzania]] p8ewa13hox38uxwyaqqp88ka5rw4e47 Jemima Paulo 0 248021 1593877 1593357 2026-09-01T14:42:50Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593877 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jemima Paulo''' ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[sataranji]] kutoka [[Angola]]. Ana [[cheo]] cha ''Women's FIDE Master'', ambacho ni cheo rasmi kinachotolewa kwa wachezaji bora wa mchezo huo. Mwaka [[2020]], Jemima alishinda ubingwa wa [[Afrika]] kwa wachezaji walio chini ya miaka 13. Mwaka [[2022]], alishinda tena ubingwa wa Afrika kwa [[Msichana|wasichana]] walio chini ya miaka 16<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Mauritanie : l’Algérienne Chahrazed Djerroud sacrée championne d’Afrique junior d’échecs 2023|url=http://www.lauthentic.info/Mauritanie---l---Alg--rienne-Chahrazed-Djerroud-sacr--e-championne-d---Afrique-junior-d-----checs-2023|work=www.lauthentic.info|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en}}</ref>. Mwaka uliofuata, [[2023]], alishika [[nafasi]] ya pili katika [[Mashindano]] ya Sataranji ya [[Ujana|Vijana]] ya Afrika, hivyo kuwa mshindi wa pili wa Afrika katika mashindano hayo. Mwaka [[2024]], Jemima alikuwa mchezaji wa kike wa sataranji aliyeongoza nchini Angola, akiwa na alama za ''ELO 2039''. ELO ni mfumo unaotumika kupima [[kiwango]] na [[uwezo]] wa mchezaji wa sataranji<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Jemima Paulo {{!}} Top Chess Players|url=https://www.chess.com/players/jemima-paulo|work=Chess.com|accessdate=2026-08-29|language=en-US}}</ref>. == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Angola]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Angola]] 3x19mesosjkzveaz9dbrbzqcgk2ffbf R. Nagarajan 0 248031 1593878 1593304 2026-09-01T14:43:51Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593878 wikitext text/x-wiki '''R. Nagarajan''' (amezaliwa 14 Agosti 1953) ni mwamuzi wa zamani wa [[kriketi]] kutoka [[India]]. Mchezo wake pekee wa kimataifa kama mwamuzi ulikuwa [[mchezo]] mmoja wa Kimataifa ya Siku Moja (ODI) mwaka 1998.<ref>[http://www.espncricinfo.com/india/content/player/31764.html "R. Nagarajan".] ESPN Cricinfo. Retrieved 26 May 2014.</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1953]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waamuzi]] [[Jamii:wanamichezo wa India]] aa18oeocxc7sigh64bqekhomt8xecwi Noshirvan Nagarwala 0 248033 1593879 1593307 2026-09-01T14:44:28Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593879 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Noshirvan Nagarwala''' (10 Oktoba 1909 – 10 Septemba 1998) alikuwa mwamuzi wa [[kriketi]] kutoka India. Alisimamia michezo mitano ya Majaribio kati ya mwaka 1952 na 1960.<ref>[http://www.espncricinfo.com/india/content/player/31950.html "Noshirvan Nagarwala".] ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 13 July 2013.</ref> Katika miaka ya 1930, Nagarwala alicheza [[michezo]] 11 ya kriketi ya daraja la kwanza akiwa mchezaji wa Maharashtra, Parsees na Parsees XI ya Dr. HD Kanga.<ref>[https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/40/40021/40021.html CricketArchive: Noshirvan Nagarwala]</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1909]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1998]] [[Jamii:Waamuzi]] [[Jamii:wanamichezo wa India]] et5zedofsn5m6oe6z0wvpidu67cltuo Pheroze Nowrojee 0 248069 1593881 1593407 2026-09-01T14:49:26Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Marejeo */ 1593881 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Pheroze Nowrojee''' ([[1941]]–[[2025]]) alikuwa [[mwanasheria]] wa [[Kenya]] na mtetezi wa [[haki za binadamu]]. Alihudumu kama Mshauri Mwandamizi na wakili wa [[Mahakama]] Kuu za [[Kenya]], [[Zanzibar]] na [[Tanzania]], akijikita hasa katika masuala ya haki za binadamu, [[siasa]] na utetezi wa kikatiba. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Pheroze Nowrojee alizaliwa mwaka 1941 katika [[familia]] yenye asili ya [[India]]. Babu yake aliwasili [[Afrika Mashariki]] mwezi Aprili [[1896]], wakati wa ujenzi wa reli ya [[Kenya]]–[[Uganda]]. Alisoma elimu yake ya msingi katika [[Shule]] ya [[Katoliki|Kikatoliki]] ya [[Parokia]] huko [[Nairobi]], kisha akaendelea na masomo ya [[sekondari]] katika Shule ya Billimorja nchini India. Baadaye alisoma katika [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha Bombay, na akaendelea na masomo ya [[Shahada ya uzamili|Shahada ya Uzamili]] ya [[Sheria]] (LL.M.) katika Chuo Kikuu cha Yale nchini [[Marekani]]. == Kazi == Kazi ya sheria ya Pheroze ilianza [[mwaka]] [[1965]] alipoandikishwa rasmi kuwa wakili. Pia alifundisha sheria katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Dar es Salaam]] kuanzia mwaka [[1974]] hadi [[1977]], [[Chuo Kikuu cha Nairobi]] kuanzia mwaka [[1979]] hadi [[1985]], na Shule ya Sheria ya Kenya kuanzia [[1968]] hadi [[1970]], na tena kuanzia [[1978]] hadi [[1985]]. == Kazi zilizochapishwa == Pheroze aliandika [[vitabu]] vinne: * ''Pio Gama Pinto: Patriot for Social Justice'' * ''A Vote for Kenya: The Elections and the Constitution'' * ''A Kenyan Journey'' * ''Conserving the Intangible'' <ref>https://nation.africa/kenya/photos/the-life-of-renowned-human-rights-lawyer-and-senior-counsel-pheroze-nowrojee--4995864</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20250407144041/https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/realtime/2025-04-07-who-was-renowned-human-right-lawyer-pheroze-nowrojee</ref><ref>https://judiciary.go.ke/legal-fraternity-honours-nowrojee-in-special-court-proceedings/</ref><ref>https://nation.africa/kenya/life-and-style/weekend/a-kenyan-journey-pheroze-nowrojee-s-book-exposes-the-politics-of-belonging-1088046</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1941]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2025]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Kenya]] q5d7kzr8gunaar1j4c0oh9s8lqfjxqe Sabah Zita Benson 0 248070 1593882 1593411 2026-09-01T14:54:31Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Marejeo */ 1593882 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:SABAH ZITA BENSON.jpg|thumb|Sabah Zita Benson]] '''Sabah Zita Benson''' '''(zamani Sabah Faddool''') ni [[mwanasheria]], [[mwanadiplomasia]] na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Ghana]]. Tangu [[mwaka]] [[2025]], amekuwa akihudumu kama [[Balozi]] Mkuu wa Ghana nchini [[Uingereza]]. Pia ni [[mwanamke]] wa kwanza kuteuliwa kuwa Balozi Mkuu wa Ghana nchini Uingereza na [[Ireland ya Kaskazini]]. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Alizaliwa akiwa na jina Sabah Faddool, [[mtoto]] wa Bwana Joseph Faddool na Bi. Rose Odonkor. Alianza kutumia jina “Zita” baada ya kuthibitishwa katika [[Kanisa Katoliki]] akiwa na umri wa [[miaka]] 13, wakati alipokuwa akisoma katika [[Shule]] ya [[Sekondari]] ya Wasichana ya Archbishop Porter huko Takoradi. Tangu wakati huo, vipaji vyake vya [[uongozi]] na ushiriki katika shughuli za umma vilionekana, kwani alikuwa mwanachama wa kikosi cha kadeti, timu ya mijadala, na mara kwa mara alicheza nafasi ya Malaika Gabrieli katika [[michezo]] ya kuigiza ya [[shule]]. == Kazi == ==== Huduma ya umma ==== Mwaka [[2009]], aliteuliwa kuwa [[Waziri]] wa Habari wa Ghana, ambapo alijikita katika mageuzi ya [[mawasiliano]] ya [[serikali]], ikiwa ni pamoja na utayarishaji wa makala ya video iitwayo ''The People Must Know''. Kuanzia [[2010]] hadi [[2011]], alikuwa mwanamke mwenye umri mdogo zaidi kuteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Nchi nchini Ghana, akihudumu kama Waziri wa Habari na baadaye Waziri wa [[Utalii]] chini ya [[Rais]] John Evans Atta Mills. Wakati wa uongozi wake, Muswada wa Utalii ulipitishwa, alisimamia kuanzishwa kwa shule ya mafunzo ya huduma za ukarimu, na kuwezesha kufunguliwa kwa ofisi za utalii huko [[New York]] na [[London]]. == Maisha binafsi == Ameolewa na Bobby Benson, ambaye ni [[mfamasia]]. Wawili hao wana watoto watatu.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20160304082052/http://www.adomonline.com/news_details.php?article=3141</ref><ref>https://3news.com/news/meet-zita-sabah-benson-ghanas-first-female-high-commissioner-designate-to-the-uk</ref><ref>https://nationaltymes.com/2025/07/26/ghanas-high-commissioner-designate-to-uk-hails-removal-of-covid-19-levy-dollar-peg-fix/</ref><ref>https://www.citinewsroom.com/2025/09/breaking-barriers-sabah-zita-benson-makes-history-as-ghanas-first-female-high-commissioner-to-the-uk-dominic-senaya-writes/</ref><ref>https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Zita-remarries-changes-maiden-name-566868</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Ghana]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ghana]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Ghana]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] glfddf5pwz24z2j86lvuptaoyw8jed1 Thokozani Chimbe 0 248071 1593883 1593413 2026-09-01T14:55:36Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593883 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Thokozani Chimbe (sq cropped).jpg|thumb|Thokozani Chimbe]] '''Thokozani Chimbe''' ni [[mwanasheria]] na [[mtaalamu]] wa usalama wa [[mtandao]] wa [[Malawi]], na ni mmoja wa wataalamu wakuu katika kuunda mfumo wa kisheria wa Malawi kuhusu [[usalama wa mtandao]]. Anahudumu kama Mkurugenzi wa Huduma za Kisheria katika Mamlaka ya Mawasiliano ya Malawi (MACRA). == Elimu == Chimbe alipata [[Shahada]] ya [[Sheria]] kutoka [[Chuo Kikuu cha Malawi]]. Baadaye alipata [[stashahada]] ya [[uzamili]] katika uandishi wa sheria kutoka Taasisi ya Kimataifa ya Sheria nchini [[Uganda]], na shahada ya uzamili katika sheria za [[kompyuta]] na mawasiliano kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Queen Mary, [[London]]. == Kazi == Chimbe alianza kufanya kazi katika Mamlaka ya Mawasiliano ya Malawi (MACRA) [[mwaka]] [[2004]]. Mwaka [[2023]], Chimbe aliongoza kamati ya maandalizi ya Women and Girls in Cyber, (Wanawake na Wasichana katika Usalama wa Mtandao) mkutano unaohamasisha [[wanawake]] na [[wasichana]] kushiriki katika usalama wa teknolojia na kidijitali. Mwaka 2024, alisaidia kuendesha mafunzo ya MACRA kuhusu Sheria mpya ya Ulinzi wa Taarifa ya Malawi. Katika siku ya wazi ya MACRA mwezi [[Agosti]] [[2024]], alitangaza kuwa muswada wa uhalifu wa mtandao ulikuwa umeandaliwa na ulikuwa karibu kuwasilishwa na kupitishwa katika kikao kijacho cha [[Bunge]]. Chimbe ni mwanachama wa Jumuiya ya Wanasheria ya Malawi, Chama cha Wanasheria Wanawake cha Malawi,Mawakili wa Kimataifa kwa ajili ya Afrika (ILFA) na Mtandao wa Washauri wa Usalama wa Mtandao (CyAN).<ref>https://www.coe.int/en/web/cybercrime/-/thokozani-chimbe</ref><ref>https://www.nyasatimes.com/womens-cyber-platform-impressed-with-participation-at-the-meet/</ref><ref>https://africabrief.substack.com/p/macra-trains-media-on-new-data-protection</ref><ref>https://www.nyasatimes.com/macra-ready-with-cyber-crimes-bill/</ref> == Marejeo == <references />{{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Malawi]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Malawi]] 440bcftb8bbc3e4f7mbugb0snya6rxc Hemza Mihoubi 0 248080 1593884 1593428 2026-09-01T14:56:24Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Marejeo */ 1593884 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hemza Mihoubi''' (alizaliwa 13 Januari 1986) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa mpira wa miguu mwenye asili ya Algeria na Ufaransa. Alianza maisha yake ya soka katika mfumo wa vijana wa FC Metz nchini Ufaransa. Baada ya kupita katika akademia ya klabu hiyo, alipandishwa katika kikosi cha kwanza na kuanza maisha yake ya soka la kulipwa.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/1/https://www.ligue1.com/joueur/mihoubi-hemza Hemza Mihoubi] – French league stats at LFP </ref> Baada ya kutumia [[msimu]] mmoja katika kikosi cha kwanza cha Metz, Mihoubi alihamia Italia kujiunga na US Lecce. Akiwa Lecce, alipelekwa kwa mkopo nchini Ubelgiji ambako alijiunga na Sporting Charleroi. Hata hivyo, alishindwa kupata nafasi ya kudumu katika kikosi cha klabu hiyo na baadaye akarudi Lecce. Baada ya kurejea Italia, Mihoubi alianza kupata nafasi zaidi ya kucheza katika kikosi cha Lecce. Alicheza hasa katika nafasi ya beki wa kushoto, nafasi ambayo ilimruhusu kutumia uwezo wake wa kukaba pamoja na kusaidia mashambulizi kutoka upande wa kushoto wa uwanja. Tarehe 28 Julai 2009, Mihoubi alihamia Uswisi baada ya kusajiliwa na AC Bellinzona. Klabu hiyo ilimsajili kutoka Lecce kwa mkataba wa miaka miwili. Uhamisho huo uliashiria hatua nyingine katika maisha yake ya soka, baada ya kucheza katika ligi za Ufaransa, Italia na Ubelgiji. == Kazi ya kimataifa == Mihoubi alianza kuiwakilisha Algeria katika ngazi za vijana. Alicheza [[mechi]] mbili kwa timu ya taifa ya Algeria chini ya umri wa miaka 18. Hata hivyo, kutokana na kanuni za FIFA zilizokuwa zikiruhusu wachezaji wa viwango vya vijana kubadili uaminifu wa kimataifa katika mazingira fulani, aliamua kuwakilisha [[Ufaransa]]. Baada ya kuichezea Algeria U18, Mihoubi alichaguliwa katika timu ya taifa ya Ufaransa chini ya miaka 19. Alicheza jumla ya mechi tano katika ngazi hiyo. Pia alishiriki katika mechi za kufuzu kwa 2005 UEFA European Under-19 Championship. Kubadilika kwake kutoka Algeria kwenda Ufaransa kulikuwa jambo lisilo la kawaida wakati huo. Mihoubi ametajwa kuwa miongoni mwa wachezaji wa kwanza wanaojulikana wenye asili ya Algeria kubadili kutoka kuwakilisha timu za vijana za Algeria na kwenda kuwakilisha timu za vijana za Ufaransa. Kwa kawaida, wachezaji wengi wenye historia kama yake walikuwa wakichagua mwelekeo tofauti, yaani kuanzia katika timu za vijana za Ufaransa na baadaye kuwakilisha Algeria.<ref>[https://www.tuttocalciatori.net/Mihoubi_Hemza Hemza Mihoubi] at TuttoCalciatori.net (in Italian)</ref> Maisha yake ya soka yanaonyesha namna wachezaji wenye uraia au asili kutoka nchi zaidi ya moja walivyoweza kuwa na chaguo la kuiwakilisha zaidi ya nchi moja katika ngazi za vijana. Mihoubi alicheza katika nchi kadhaa za Ulaya na kujenga sehemu kubwa ya taaluma yake katika soka la Ufaransa, Italia, Ubelgiji na Uswisi. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1986]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Algeria]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Ufaransa]] lt98wl7yptgy3shvudm704zrjyjocxp Hocine Metref 0 248083 1593900 1593431 2026-09-01T17:32:22Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593900 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hocine Metref''' (kwa Kiarabu: حسين مترف; alizaliwa 1 Januari 1984) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa kimataifa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka Algeria. Alikuwa akicheza katika nafasi ya beki na kiungo. Katika kipindi cha taaluma yake, Metref alicheza katika klabu kadhaa nchini Algeria na pia aliwakilisha timu ya taifa ya Algeria katika [[mashindano]] ya kimataifa. == Kazi ya klabu == Metref alijijengea jina katika soka la Algeria kupitia uchezaji wake katika nafasi za ulinzi na kiungo. Uwezo wake wa kucheza katika nafasi zaidi ya moja ulimwezesha kutumika katika majukumu tofauti ndani ya kikosi.<ref>[https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2011/09/06/algeria/ligue-1/jeunesse-sportive-de-kabylie/mouloudia-chaabia-dalger/1171200/ "Kabylie vs. MC Alger - 6 September 2011 - Soccerway".] Soccerway. Retrieved 31 July 2012.</ref> Tarehe 5 Julai 2011, Metref alisaini mkataba wa mwaka mmoja na JS Kabylie. Baada ya kujiunga na klabu hiyo, alipata nafasi ya kuanza katika kikosi cha kwanza. Tarehe 6 Septemba 2011, alifanya mchezo wake wa kwanza kwa JS Kabylie akiwa katika kikosi cha kwanza katika mchezo wa ligi dhidi ya MC Alger. Kipindi chake katika JS Kabylie kilimpa nafasi ya kuendelea kucheza katika kiwango cha juu cha soka la Algeria na kushiriki katika mashindano ya ndani. Baada ya kumalizika kwa kipindi chake katika klabu hiyo, alihamia MC Alger. Tarehe 30 Julai 2012, Metref alisaini mkataba wa miaka miwili na MC Alger. Alijiunga na klabu hiyo kwa uhamisho wa bure. Uhamisho huo ulikuwa hatua nyingine muhimu katika taaluma yake, kwani MC Alger ni miongoni mwa klabu zinazojulikana zaidi katika soka la Algeria. Akiwa MC Alger, Metref aliendelea kucheza kama beki na kiungo, akitumia uzoefu wake katika mashindano ya ligi na ya vikombe. Uwezo wake wa kubadilisha nafasi ulimfanya awe mchezaji mwenye manufaa kwa kikosi. Baada ya vipindi mbalimbali katika soka la [[Algeria]], Metref aliendelea na taaluma yake katika klabu nyingine nchini humo. Tarehe 14 Septemba 2020, alisaini mkataba wa mwaka mmoja na USM Blida. Alijiunga na klabu hiyo kwa uhamisho wa bure. == Timu ya taifa == Metref pia aliwakilisha [[timu]] ya taifa ya Algeria katika kipindi cha taaluma yake. Kama mchezaji mwenye uwezo wa kucheza katika nafasi ya beki na kiungo, alipewa nafasi ya kushiriki katika shughuli za timu ya taifa. Kuwakilisha Algeria kulikuwa hatua muhimu katika taaluma yake, kwani kulimpa nafasi ya kushindana katika kiwango cha kimataifa na kukutana na timu kutoka mataifa mbalimbali. == Heshima binafsi == Mwaka 2009, Metref alitambuliwa kwa kiwango chake cha uchezaji katika Kombe la Mabingwa la Afrika Kaskazini, ambapo alichaguliwa kuwa Mchezaji Bora wa Mashindano. Tuzo hiyo ilikuwa moja ya [[heshima]] muhimu katika taaluma yake na ilionyesha kiwango chake katika mashindano ya kikanda. Metref alijulikana kwa uwezo wake wa kucheza katika nafasi nyingi uwanjani, jambo lililomsaidia kuwa mchezaji mwenye matumizi mbalimbali katika klabu na timu ya taifa. Uzoefu wake katika soka la Algeria ulimwezesha kucheza kwa miaka kadhaa katika kiwango cha juu na kushiriki katika mashindano mbalimbali ya ndani na ya kimataifa.<ref>[http://www.footafrique.com/index.php/UNAF/cunaf-metref-et-chaouchi-meilleurs-joueurs.html?e36fbe533e1515e6e02eeb2a9aa1b69e=dac29728c88aa16c73ef7c59f3b4e5a9 UNAF : Metref et Chaouchi meilleurs joueurs] {{Wayback|url=http://www.footafrique.com/index.php/UNAF/cunaf-metref-et-chaouchi-meilleurs-joueurs.html?e36fbe533e1515e6e02eeb2a9aa1b69e=dac29728c88aa16c73ef7c59f3b4e5a9 |date=20110711015310 }} Archived 2011-07-11 at the Wayback Machine</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1984]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Algeria]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 2ss83gqlmplndxgqqjbvll1o6kbc8lo Jinbei Haise X30L 0 248084 1593885 1593432 2026-09-01T14:57:39Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Marejeo */ 1593885 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jinbei Haise X30L''' (海狮X30L) ni gari aina ya [[van]] lenye uwezo wa kubeba abiria saba, linalotengenezwa na kampuni ya magari ya China [[Brilliance Auto]] chini ya chapa ya [[Jinbei]]. == Muhtasari == Jinbei Haise X30L ilitumia jukwaa lilelile la kiufundi kama [[Jinbei Haixing X30]]. Gari hili lilizinduliwa na Brilliance Auto mnamo Desemba 2015. Jinbei Haise X30L ilitengenezwa na Brilliance Xinyuan Chongqing Auto (华晨鑫源), kampuni iliyoko [[Chongqing]] na inayohusishwa na Brilliance Auto. Gari hili lilipatikana na chaguo kadhaa za injini za [[petroli]], ambazo ni: * Injini ya DLCG12 yenye ujazo wa lita 1.3, silinda nne zilizopangwa mstari. * Injini ya SWC15M yenye ujazo wa lita 1.5, silinda nne zilizopangwa mstari. * Injini ya DLCG14 yenye ujazo wa lita 1.5, silinda nne zilizopangwa mstari. Injini zote ziliunganishwa na [[gearbox]] ya gia tano za kuendesha kwa mkono. Bei ya Jinbei X30 ilikuwa kati ya yuan 35,000 na yuan 46,800. Grili la mbele la X30L lilikuwa na muundo uliofanana na grili za baadhi ya magari ya [[BMW]]. Muundo huo ulihusishwa na uhusiano wa kibiashara kati ya Brilliance Auto na BMW, ambapo kampuni hizo zilikuwa na ubia wa kutengeneza magari ya BMW nchini China. == Jinbei Haise S == '''Jinbei Haise S''' ni toleo lililoboreshwa la Jinbei Haise X30L. Toleo hili lilipata mabadiliko katika sehemu ya mbele ya gari, ambapo muundo wa grili ulibadilishwa na kuondoa grili zilizokuwa na muundo uliofanana na wa BMW kwenye X30L. Jinbei Haise S ilipatikana na chaguo la injini yenye ujazo wa lita 1.5 au lita 1.6. Injini zote ziliunganishwa na gearbox ya gia tano za kuendesha kwa mkono. Bei ya Jinbei Haise S ilikuwa kati ya yuan 50,800 na yuan 56,800. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Magari]] 93zk2qlh7i5zwzxncvdwfzkbny4j7zp Dongfeng Junfeng 0 248085 1593886 1593433 2026-09-01T14:58:08Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Marejeo */ 1593886 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dongfeng Junfeng''' (俊风) ni [[microvan]] inayotengenezwa na Zhengzhou Nissan Automobile, kampuni tanzu ya [[Dongfeng Motor]]. == Muhtasari == Dongfeng Junfeng ilizinduliwa kwa mara ya kwanza mnamo Septemba 2012 ikiwa na jina la '''Junfeng CV03'''. Wakati huo, gari hilo liliuzwa moja kwa moja na Dongfeng. Mnamo Novemba 2013, modeli hiyo hiyo ilibadilishwa jina na kuitwa '''Junfeng''' pekee. Kuanzia wakati huo, uzalishaji na uuzaji wake ulifanywa na Zhengzhou Nissan Automobile. Katika [[Shanghai Auto Show]] ya mwaka 2017, Dongfeng ilianzisha chapa iliyolenga magari ya umeme pekee. Chapa hiyo pia ilitumia jina la Junfeng kama jina la Kichina mwanzoni, kabla ya baadaye kubadilishwa jina na kuwa '''Skio''' (时空). == Mfumo wa uendeshaji == Dongfeng Junfeng inaendeshwa na injini ya [[petroli]] yenye ujazo wa lita 1.3, inayozalisha nguvu ya [[horsepower|hp]] 88 na [[torque]] ya 120 N·m. Nguvu kutoka kwenye injini hupitishwa kupitia [[gearbox]] ya gia tano za kuendesha kwa mkono. Kufikia mwaka 2013, bei ya Dongfeng Junfeng ilikuwa kati ya yuan 39,800 na yuan 45,500. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Magari]] 92jlo4601q41eyr7853h6zs1h0co8ly Gonow Way 0 248087 1593887 1593435 2026-09-01T14:58:36Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593887 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gonow Xingwang''' (星旺), pia inajulikana kama '''Gonow Way''', ni [[microvan]] inayotengenezwa na kampuni ya magari ya China [[Gonow Automobile]], ambayo ni kampuni tanzu ya [[Guangzhou Automobile]]. == Muhtasari == Gonow Way ilianza kuuzwa katika soko la China mnamo Agosti 2012. Wakati ilipozinduliwa, bei yake ilikuwa kati ya yuan 25,900 na yuan 29,800. Gari hilo lilipatikana na injini ya petroli yenye ujazo wa lita 1.0. Injini hiyo ilizalisha nguvu ya [[horsepower|hp]] 60 (44 kW) kwa mzunguko wa injini wa 5,600 rpm, pamoja na [[torque]] ya 85 N·m. Nguvu kutoka kwenye injini ilipitishwa kupitia [[gearbox]] ya gia tano za kuendesha kwa mkono. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Magari]] adf5f03t61g4q7935mo4iye95nz2sut King Long Jockey 0 248088 1593888 1593436 2026-09-01T14:59:02Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Marejeo */ 1593888 wikitext text/x-wiki '''King Long Jockey''', pia inajulikana kama '''King Long Saima''' au '''King Long Kaite''' (凯特), ni gari la biashara nyepesi linalotengenezwa na kampuni ya [[King Long]] nchini [[China]]. Modeli hii inapatikana katika miundo mbalimbali, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[van]], [[chassis cab]], gari la burudani na [[minibus]]. == Muhtasari == King Long Jockey ilizinduliwa katika soko la China mnamo Juni 2014. Bei yake ilifikia hadi yuan 236,000. Gari hili lilipatikana na chaguo mbili za injini za [[diesel]] zenye [[turbocharger]], ambazo ni: * Injini ya silinda nne iliyopangwa mstari yenye ujazo wa lita 2.8. * Injini ya silinda nne iliyopangwa mstari yenye ujazo wa lita 2.3. == Maendeleo == Mnamo mwaka 2014, Fujian Automobile Industry Group ilipata udhibiti wa King Long Group. Baada ya mabadiliko hayo, King Long ilianza kutumia muundo wa gari kubwa la van uliopatikana ndani ya kundi hilo. Hatua hii ilisababisha kutengenezwa kwa King Long Jockey yenye muundo mpya wa nje na jina jipya. Muundo wa King Long Jockey ulifanana kwa kiasi kikubwa na [[Mercedes-Benz Sprinter]], hasa katika umbo la mwili na vipimo vya jumla vya gari. Hata hivyo, kulikuwa na tofauti kadhaa katika muundo wa nje. King Long Jockey ni miongoni mwa magari kadhaa ya van kutoka kwa watengenezaji wa China ambayo yalitumia muundo unaofanana kwa kiasi kikubwa na Mercedes-Benz Sprinter, huku yakitofautiana zaidi katika baadhi ya vipengele vya mwonekano. Watengenezaji wengine wa China waliokuwa na magari yenye muundo unaofanana ni [[Higer]] na [[JAC Motors]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Magari]] ndcj75rdnd5lw9d74s858swfgpohxph Iman al-Obeidi 0 248136 1593889 1593582 2026-09-01T15:00:55Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593889 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|jina la kuzaliwa=Eman|tarehe ya kuzaliwa=Circa 1982|uraia=Libya|elimu=[[Omar Al-Mukhtar University]]}} '''Iman al-Obeidi''' (pia huandikwa Eman al-Obeidy; kwa [[Kiarabu]]: إيمان العبيدي; alizaliwa karibu [[1982]]) ni [[mwanafunzi]] wa zamani wa sheria wa [[Libya]] katika ngazi ya uzamili ambaye alipata umaarufu mkubwa katika vyombo vya habari duniani wakati wa Vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe vya Libya.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Reaction to meeting with a Baha’i exposes the truth|url=https://doi.org/10.1163/2210-7975_hrd-1276-2016023|work=Human Rights Documents Online|accessdate=2026-08-30}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=ALQazzaz |first=Ali |last2=Gorial |first2=Faiq I. |last3=Al‐Obaidi |first3=Ahmed Dheyaa |last4=Al‐Obaidi |first4=Mustafa Najah |last5=Awadh |first5=Nabaa Ihsan |last6=Hashim |first6=Hashim Talib |date=2023-03 |title=Unusual presentation of rheumatoid arthritis in a 106‐year‐old woman: A rare case report |url=https://doi.org/10.1002/ccr3.7120 |journal=Clinical Case Reports |volume=11 |issue=3 |doi=10.1002/ccr3.7120 |issn=2050-0904}}</ref> Hii ilitokana na tukio ambapo aliingia kwa ghafla katika mgahawa wa [[Hoteli]] ya Rixos mjini [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripoli]] na kuwaambia waandishi wa [[habari]] wa kimataifa waliokuwapo kwamba wanajeshi wa Libya walikuwa wamempiga na kumfanyia ukatili wa kingono kwa pamoja. Kauli yake ya hadharani ilipinga [[serikali]] ya [[Muammar Gaddafi]] pamoja na mwiko uliokuwepo nchini Libya wa kujadili uhalifu wa kingono<ref>{{Rejea jarida |date=2022-07-01 |title=Medicolegal Examination of an Alleged Rape Victim |url=https://doi.org/10.47648/zhswmcj.2022.v0402.09 |journal=Z H Sikder Women’s Medical College Journal |volume=4 |issue=Number 2 |doi=10.47648/zhswmcj.2022.v0402.09 |issn=2708-101X}}</ref> == Historia yake == Iman al-Obeidi alikuwa mmoja wa [[watoto]] [[kumi]] waliozaliwa mjini Tobruk, kwa wazazi Aisha na Atik al-Obeidi. [[Baba]] yake alikuwa afisa wa forodha. Mama yake aliiambia CNN kwamba Iman siku zote alitamani kuwa mwandishi wa [[habari]], lakini kutokana na kukosekana kwa uhuru wa vyombo vya habari nchini Libya, Iman aliamua kusomea sheria badala yake. Alihitimu shahada ya sheria katika [[Chuo]] Kikuu cha Omar Al-Mukhtar huko Bayda. Pia alikuwa akiishi Tripoli kwa mwaka mmoja uliotangulia pamoja na dada yake, Amal, ambapo alikuwa akifanya mafunzo katika kampuni ya [[sheria]] au kufanya kazi katika ofisi ya utalii, huku akiendelea na masomo ya uzamili. == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1982]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Libya]] rxu1iligell2amghcqkxj8mdlmconzw James C. Burt 0 248137 1593890 1593584 2026-09-01T15:03:44Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593890 wikitext text/x-wiki '''James Caird Burt''' ([[29 Agosti]] [[1921]] – [[10 Julai]] [[2012]])<ref><nowiki>https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/170178667/james-c-burt</nowiki></ref> alikuwa [[daktari]] wa [[magonjwa]] ya mfumo wa [[uzazi]] wa [[mwanamke]] (gynecologist) wa [[Marekani]] ambaye wakati mwingine alipewa jina la utani la "Love Surgeon" (Daktari wa [[Upasuaji]] wa [[Upendo]]). Baada ya kufanya [[kazi]] kwa miongo miwili akiwa na kituo chake mjini [[Dayton, Ohio|Dayton]], [[Ohio]], Burt alishitakiwa na [[wagonjwa]] wa kike kwa kubadilisha [[maumbile]] yao ya nje ya siri (vulvas) bila ridhaa yao baada ya kupewa [[taarifa]] kamili (informed consent).<ref><nowiki>https://www.nytimes.com/1989/01/20/us/ohio-doctor-offers-to-quit.html</nowiki></ref> == Wasifu == Burt alizaliwa mjini Dayton, Ohio, na alipata [[Shahada ya Awali|shahada]] yake ya [[udaktari]] (M.D.) kutoka [[Shule]] ya [[Tiba]] ya [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha [[Rochester]] mnamo mwaka [[1945]]. Alipewa [[leseni]] ya udaktari katika jimbo la Ohio mnamo mwaka 1951.Burt alianza kufanya "upasuaji wa upendo" mnamo mwaka [[1966]]. Katika [[kitabu]] chake cha mwaka [[1975]] kilichoitwa Surgery of Love (Upasuaji wa Upendo), Burt aliandika: "Wanawake wana maumbile yasiyotosheleza kwa ajili ya kufanya [[ngono]].<ref><nowiki>https://library.osu.edu/collections/spec.202001.burt/summary-information</nowiki></ref> == Marejeo == <references />{{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1921]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2012]] [[Jamii:Madaktari wa Marekani]] kyoek91dft78buk1mb29vd6wtkpn388 Paul Kato Atita 0 248138 1593891 1593588 2026-09-01T15:05:42Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593891 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Paul Kato Atita''' (aliyefariki 10 Oktoba 2025) alikuwa [[mwanasheria]] wa [[Benin]] aliyebobea katika [[sheria]] ya [[katiba]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Deuil au Barreau du Bénin : Me Paul Kato Atita est décédé|url=https://www.banouto.bj/societe/article/20251010-deuil-au-barreau-du-benin-me-paul-kato-atita-est-decede|work=banouto.bj|date=2025-10-10|accessdate=2026-08-30|language=fr|author=Banouto}}</ref> == Maisha na Kazi == Atita alisomea katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Abomey-Calavi]] na mwaka 1994 alisajiliwa kuwa mwanasheria katika Mahakama ya Rufaa ya Cotonou. Pia alishiriki katika semina kuhusu haki za wafungwa, akisisitiza umuhimu wa kuendelea kutoa elimu ndani ya mfumo wa mahakama. Mwaka 2016, alimwakilisha Trinity Trading Limited Sarl katika kesi ya [[usafirishaji]] wa dawa za kulevya, ambapo alidai kuwa kampuni hiyo iliwekewa mtego baada ya kugunduliwa kwa kilo 54 za kokeini katika bandari ya Cotonou. Pia aliwahi kuwatetea Olivier Boko na Oswald Homeky walipokuwa wakikabiliwa na mashtaka ya “njama dhidi ya usalama wa taifa.” Katika kipindi cha televisheni mwaka 2012, alizungumza akimuunga mkono Rais Thomas Boni Yayi, akisisitiza umuhimu wa kuheshimu taasisi za serikali. Mwaka 2019, alikosoa kufungwa kwa mpaka wa Benin–Nigeria, akidai kwamba sababu halisi za kufungwa kwa mpaka huo zilikuwa ngumu zaidi kuliko zile zilizotangazwa na mamlaka za Porto-Novo. Atita alifariki tarehe 10 Oktoba 2025. {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2025]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Benin]] nwrc2juvlnwjs78i6dh8i1er54iymz9 Joseph Kasongo 0 248139 1593892 1593587 2026-09-01T15:06:54Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593892 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Joseph Kasongo.jpg|thumb|Joseph Kasongo]] '''Joseph-Georges Kasongo''' ([[25 Desemba]] [[1919]] – [[19 Oktoba]] [[1990]]) alikuwa [[mwanasheria]], [[mfanyabiashara]], na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Kongo]] aliyezaliwa [[Tanganyika]] (sasa [[Tanzania]]), ambaye alihudumu kama [[Rais]] wa kwanza wa Baraza la Wajumbe (Chamber of Deputies) la [[Jamhuri]] ya Kongo (leo hii [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]). Baadaye alishika [[madaraka]] kama [[Naibu Waziri|naibu waziri]] mkuu na kama seneta.<ref><nowiki>https://www.myheritage.com/names/joseph_kasongo</nowiki></ref> Kasongo alizaliwa mwaka 1919 mjini [[Dar es Salaam]] katika familia yenye [[asili]] na uhusiano na eneo la [[Maniema]] huko Kongo ya Kibelgiji. Baada ya masomo yake, alianza kufanya kazi katika masuala ya biashara na kwenye [[mahakama]] za kiasili mjini [[Stanleyville]]. Mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1950, akawa [[kiongozi]] katika [[chama]] cha Mouvement National Congolais (MNC) cha [[Patrice Lumumba]] huku akifanya kazi ya ushawishi wa chama hicho.<ref><nowiki>https://www.mauritius-images.com/en/asset/ME-PI-6420336_mauritius_images_image_number_12149260_joseph-kasongo-portrait-24-february-1961</nowiki></ref> == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1919]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1990]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] 4s70hlxitkrhbym8jh1rdqcnesocgmo Kezia Asiedua Sanie 0 248141 1593893 1593591 2026-09-01T15:07:52Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1593893 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kezia Asiedua Sanie''' ni [[mwanasheria]], [[mjasiriamali]] wa kijamii, na mtetezi wa [[vijana]] wa [[Ghana]]. Yeye ni mwanzilishi na [[rais]] wa For The Future (FTF) Ghana, [[Shirika Lisilo la Kiserikali|Shirika lisilo la Kiserikali]] (NGO) linalojitolea kupambana na [[umaskini]] wa [[watoto]] pamoja na ukosefu wa [[Usawa wa kijinsia|usawa]] katika [[elimu]] nchini Ghana. Sanie pia anahudumu kama [[mdhamini]] wa Mpango wa [[Tuzo]] za Mkuu wa [[Nchi]] nchini Ghana.<ref><nowiki>https://www.change4ed.org/kezia</nowiki></ref><ref><nowiki>https://www.myjoyonline.com/meet-president-of-for-the-future-ghana-kezia-sanie-who-wants-to-make-a-difference/</nowiki></ref> == Maisha ya awali na Elimu == Sanie alipata [[elimu]] yake ya [[msingi]] katika Shule ya Kimataifa ya God's Grace. Alisoma katika Shule ya [[Elimu ya sekondari|Sekondari]] ya [[Msichana|Wasichana]] ya Wesley (Wesley Girls' High School) mjini [[Cape Coast]]. Alipata [[Shahada ya Awali|Shahada]] yake ya Sheria (Bachelor of Laws) kutoka [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha Ghana, Legon, mnamo mwaka [[2022]]. Alikuwa mwanafunzi wa sheria wa ngazi ya [[taaluma]] katika Shule ya Sheria ya Ghana na alihitimu na kusajiliwa rasmi kama [[wakili]] nchini Ghana mnamo mwezi [[Oktoba 2024]].<ref><nowiki>https://peacefirst.org/2025/01/17/breaking-the-cycle-of-poverty-my-journey-with-ftf-ghana/</nowiki></ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Ghana]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Ghana]] 5db0abu0jwtv8fmr3d95xaxkz1b5dmh Industrial Workers of the World 0 248235 1593866 1593826 2026-09-01T13:06:18Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 4 template(s) replaced. 1593866 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Iwwlogo.svg|alt=Industrial Workers of the World Logo|thumb]] '''Industrial Workers of the World (IWW)''', ambao wanachama wao wamepewa jina la utani "'''''Wobblies'''''", ni chama cha wafanyakazi cha kimataifa kilichoanzishwa [[Chicago|Chicago, Illinois, Marekani]], mwaka wa [[1905]]. Itikadi yake inachanganya muungano wa jumla na muungano wa viwanda, kwani ni muungano wa jumla, uliogawanywa kati ya viwanda mbalimbali vinavyoajiri wanachama wake. Falsafa na mbinu za IWW zinaelezewa kama "umoja wa mapinduzi wa viwanda", wenye uhusiano na harakati za wafanyakazi za kijamaa,<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Industrial Worker (Summer 2017) {{!}} libcom.org|url=https://libcom.org/article/industrial-worker-summer-2017|work=libcom.org|accessdate=2026-09-01|language=en}}</ref> za syndicalist, na anarchist. Katika miaka ya 1910 na mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1920, IWW ilikamilisha malengo yake mengi ya muda mfupi, hasa katika Magharibi mwa Amerika, na ikipita katika vyama vya kitamaduni na vyama vya wafanyakazi vingine ili kuongeza wafanyakazi katika biashara na viwanda mbalimbali. Katika kilele chao mnamo Agosti 1917, wanachama wa IWW walikadiriwa kuwa zaidi ya 150,000, huku kukiwa na matawi yanayofanya kazi [[Marekani|nchini Marekani]], [[Uingereza]], [[Kanada]], [[Australia]] na [[Nyuzilandi]].<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KBKJBAAAQBAJ&pg=PR12|title=The Wobblies in Their Heyday: The Rise and Destruction of the Industrial Workers of the World during the World War I Era: The Rise and Destruction of the Industrial Workers of the World during the World War I Era|last=Chester|first=Eric Thomas|date=2014-08-26|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-4408-3302-1|language=en}}</ref> Hata hivyo, kiwango cha juu sana cha wanachama wa IWW wakati huu (kinachokadiriwa kuwa 133% kati ya [[1905]] na [[1915]]) hufanya iwe vigumu kwa wanahistoria kutaja jumla ya wanachama kwa uhakika wowote, kwani wafanyakazi walikuwa na mwelekeo wa kujiunga na IWW kwa idadi kubwa kwa vipindi vifupi.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Reforming America: a thematic encyclopedia and document collection of the progressive era|date=2017|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-4408-3720-3|editor-last=Johnson|editor-first=Jeffrey Allan|location=Santa Barbara, Calif|doi=10.5040/9798216006497}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=http://archive.org/details/iwwstudyofameri00bris|title=The I.W.W., a study of American syndicalism|last=Brissenden|first=Paul Frederick|date=1920|publisher=New York, Columbia University Press|others=Robarts - University of Toronto}}</ref> == Marejeo == e0lhqkapjb098ipg7cv05o7nj962oq2 Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:YouMeddlingKids 3 248248 1593895 1593840 2026-09-01T15:44:51Z YouMeddlingKids 92074 /* */ Jibu 1593895 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 1 Septemba 2026 (UTC) :Asante! Sikielewi Kiswahili. Samahani. '''[[Mtumiaji:YouMeddlingKids|YouMeddlingKids]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:YouMeddlingKids#top|majadiliano]])''' 15:44, 1 Septemba 2026 (UTC) c4j1l8on6qwh72isd1awtoij62ukrse Barbara serbia asamoah article 0 248258 1593872 2026-09-01T14:32:26Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Barbara serbia asamoah article]] hadi [[Barbara Serwaa Asamoah]]: usahihi wa jina 1593872 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Barbara Serwaa Asamoah]] 5v20bkc1jwzbin17ctk69p1tn2gf176 ACT-Wazalendo 0 248259 1593880 2026-09-01T14:46:15Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Ukurasa umeelekezwa kwenda [[Alliance for Change and Transparency]] 1593880 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT[[Alliance for Change and Transparency]] trk87uw7wtux1cp9b3zzgmny4djd7ux Ryad Kenniche 0 248260 1593902 2026-09-01T18:31:34Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ryad Kamar Eddine Kenniche''' (alizaliwa 30 Aprili 1993) ni [[mchezaji]] wa soka wa kulipwa kutoka Algeria ambaye mara ya mwisho alichezea Olympique de Médéa katika Ligi ya Kitaaluma ya Algeria. Anaweza kucheza katika nafasi ya beki wa kati au [[beki]] wa kulia.<ref>[http://www.dzfoot.com/2020/01/29/mercato-kenniche-signe-a-lus-tataouine-175475.php "Mercato : Kenniche signe à l'US Tataouine"]. 29 January 2020.</ref> == Maisha ya soka ya klabu == Ken...' 1593902 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ryad Kamar Eddine Kenniche''' (alizaliwa 30 Aprili 1993) ni [[mchezaji]] wa soka wa kulipwa kutoka Algeria ambaye mara ya mwisho alichezea Olympique de Médéa katika Ligi ya Kitaaluma ya Algeria. Anaweza kucheza katika nafasi ya beki wa kati au [[beki]] wa kulia.<ref>[http://www.dzfoot.com/2020/01/29/mercato-kenniche-signe-a-lus-tataouine-175475.php "Mercato : Kenniche signe à l'US Tataouine"]. 29 January 2020.</ref> == Maisha ya soka ya klabu == Kenniche alijenga maisha yake ya soka katika ligi ya Algeria, ambako alicheza kama mlinzi mwenye uwezo wa kucheza katika nafasi zaidi ya moja kwenye safu ya ulinzi. Uwezo wake wa kucheza kama beki wa kati na beki wa kulia ulimwezesha kutumika katika majukumu tofauti kulingana na mahitaji ya timu. Akiwa mchezaji wa USM El Harrach, Kenniche alikumbana na changamoto ya kimkataba mwaka 2015. Katika majira ya joto ya mwaka huo, Tume ya Utatuzi wa Migogoro ya Ligi iliamua kuvunja mkataba wake na USM El Harrach kutokana na kutolipwa mishahara yake ya nyuma. Uamuzi huo ulimruhusu kuondoka katika klabu hiyo na kutafuta timu nyingine. Muda mfupi baada ya mkataba wake na USM El Harrach kuvunjwa, Kenniche alijiunga na ES Sétif. Alisaini mkataba wa miaka miwili na klabu hiyo katika majira ya joto ya mwaka 2015. Uhamisho huo ulimpa nafasi ya kuendelea na maisha yake ya soka katika kiwango cha juu cha ligi ya Algeria. Baadaye katika maisha yake ya soka, Kenniche aliwahi pia kuichezea Olympique de Médéa katika Ligi ya Kitaaluma ya Algeria. Klabu hiyo ikawa timu yake ya mwisho iliyotajwa katika taarifa za maisha yake ya soka.<ref>Toufik O (July 4, 2015). [http://www.dzfoot.com/2015/07/04/es-setif-apres-benlamri-ryad-kenniche-arrive-71214.php "ES Sétif : Après Benlamri, Ryad Kenniche arrive"] (in French). DZfoot. Retrieved July 5, 2015.</ref> === Nafasi uwanjani === Kenniche ni mlinzi ambaye ana uwezo wa kucheza katika nafasi mbili za safu ya ulinzi. Anaweza kutumika kama beki wa kati, nafasi inayohitaji mchezaji kuwa na uwezo wa kuzuia mashambulizi ya wapinzani na kulinda eneo lililo mbele ya lango. Pia anaweza kucheza kama beki wa kulia, ambapo majukumu yake yanaweza kujumuisha ulinzi wa upande wa kulia wa uwanja pamoja na kusaidia timu wakati wa kushambulia. Uwezo wa kucheza katika nafasi hizi mbili ulimpa unyumbufu wa kimfumo na kumwezesha makocha kumtumia kulingana na mpangilio wa timu na mahitaji ya mchezo. == Maisha ya soka == Katika kipindi cha maisha yake ya [[Mpira wa miguu|soka]], Kenniche alihusishwa na klabu mbalimbali za Algeria, akiwemo USM El Harrach, ES Sétif na Olympique de Médéa. Kipindi chake cha kujiunga na ES Sétif mwaka 2015 kilifuata baada ya mkataba wake na USM El Harrach kuvunjwa kutokana na suala la mishahara ambayo haikuwa imelipwa. Kwa ujumla, Ryad Kamar Eddine Kenniche ni mchezaji wa soka wa [[Algeria]] aliyebobea katika nafasi za ulinzi. Uwezo wake wa kucheza kama beki wa kati au beki wa kulia ulimwezesha kuwa mchezaji mwenye matumizi mbalimbali katika safu ya ulinzi. Aliendelea na maisha yake ya soka katika ligi ya Algeria, huku Olympique de Médéa ikiwa klabu yake ya mwisho iliyotajwa. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1993]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Algeria]] genranege87mb2llanc9a1xu9pl2kkz Thierry Kambundi 0 248261 1593903 2026-09-01T18:32:55Z OtikolenoiL 71204 Created by translating the page "[[:fr:Special:Redirect/revision/239132179|Thierry Kambundi]]" 1593903 wikitext text/x-wiki Thierry Kambudi ni mwandishi wa habari wa Kongo. Alizaliwa Aprili 11, 1981 katika Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo. Yeye hufanya kazi hasa katika uwanja wa habari za redio na kushiriki katika matangazo ya sasa ya kisiasa, kiuchumi na kijamii ya nchi. Anajulikana hasa kwa kazi yake ndani ya Top Congo FM, ambapo anashiriki katika programu kadhaa za habari na mjadala kama vile: (Kaka kwa Kaka, Wacha tuzungumze, Mjadala, Njia). == Wasifu == === Mafunzo na mwanzo === Thierry Kambudi alifanya masomo ya juu katika mawasiliano ya kijamii katika Chuo Kikuu cha Katoliki cha Kongo kabla ya kugeukia sekta ya vyombo vya habari na mawasiliano. Upendezi wake katika uandishi wa habari na usambazaji wa habari ulimwongoza hatua kwa hatua kuelekea utoaji na uwasilishaji wa runinga. Yeye ni mmoja wa wataalamu wa vyombo vya habari kutoka chuo hicho. Katika tukio la kuadhimisha miaka 25 ya Chuo cha Mawasiliano ya Jamii, alitajwa miongoni mwa wanafunzi wa zamani ambao wamefuatilia kazi katika sekta ya vyombo vya habari. Na uzoefu wa miaka 20. Yeye ni mhariri mkuu katika Top Congo FM, mkuu wa idara ya michezo ya redio hiyo, muundaji na mtangazaji wa "Parlons-en", mojawapo ya vipindi maarufu vya redio vyenye miito ya moja kwa moja, kipindi cha Le parcours, mwandishi wa safu za siasa, mchambuzi wa michezo, amepata fursa ya kuripoti CHAN, [[Michezo ya Olimpiki|JO]], [[Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika 2023|CAN 2024]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=FR|title=Kinshasa : pour le professeur Ribio Nzeza et Thierry Kambundi, le secteur culturel sera porteur d’emplois et de prospérité dans un futur proche|url=https://www.irisfootball.com/mondial-2026-nous-allons-tout-faire-pour-atteindre-les-16-emes-sebastien-desabre/|date=11-06-2026|accessdate=27-08-2026}}</ref> Alibobea katika kuripoti habari za kitaifa na kuandaa vipindi vya mijadala. Shughuli zake za uandishi wa habari zimemfanya awahoji au kuwauliza maswali viongozi wa kisiasa, wanachama wa serikali, watendaji wa asasi za kiraia pamoja na watu mbalimbali wanaohusika katika maisha ya umma ya Kongo ,.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=FR|title=UCC : 25 ans de la faculté des communications sociales|url=https://tchikeva.wordpress.com/2018/06/10/ucc-25-ans-de-la-faculte-des-communications-sociales/|date=22-09-2021|accessdate=27-08-2026}}</ref> == Kazi == === Uandishi wa Habari === Thierry Kambudi anafanya kazi kama mwandishi wa habari na mhariri mkuu katika Top Congo FM, kituo cha redio cha Kongo kilichojitolea kwa habari za [[Siasa|kisiasa]], kiuchumi na kijamii . Ameorodheshwa miongoni mwa waandishi wa habari wanaojulikana sana katika kituo cha redio.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=FR|title=Auteur Thierry Kambundi|url=https://www.voaafrique.com/author/thierry-kambundi/jov_t|date=|accessdate=31-08-2026}}</ref> Kama sehemu ya majukumu yake, anashiriki katika programu za habari na mijadala. Alifanya kazi pamoja na waandishi wengine wa habari katika kituo hicho, akiwemo Christian Lusakueno, na mara kwa mara aliwahoji wanasiasa na watu mashuhuri kuhusu masuala yanayohusiana na utawala, uchumi, usalama na habari za kitaifa <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=FR|title=Auteur Thierry Kambundi|url=https://www.voaafrique.com/author/thierry-kambundi/jov_t|date=|accessdate=31-08-2026}}</ref> Kazi yake ya uandishi wa habari pia ilitajwa kuhusiana na uandishi wa habari kuhusu janga la Covid-19 katika Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo. Mnamo 2020, utafiti kuhusu mtazamo wa vitendo vya watu mashuhuri katika mapambano dhidi ya janga hili uliwataja Thierry Kambudi na Christian Lusakweno miongoni mwa waandishi wa habari kutoka Top Congo FM ambao kazi yao ya kuhamasisha ilithaminiwa na waliohojiwa. === Mawasiliano ya kiuchumi === Thierry Kambudi pia hushiriki katika shughuli zinazohusiana na kutafakari jukumu la vyombo vya habari na mawasiliano katika maisha ya umma. Mnamo 2025, alitangazwa vyema kama mzungumzaji katika tukio la kisayansi lililoandaliwa na Kitivo cha Mawasiliano ya Kijamii cha Chuo Kikuu cha Katoliki cha Kongo wakati wa Siku ya Mawasiliano ya Kijamii Duniani. Alitarajiwa kushiriki katika jopo lililojitolea kwa shughuli za uandishi wa habari na changamoto zinazohusiana na taarifa za kiuchumi katika Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=FR|title=Les enjeux socioprofessionnels en RDC, au centre d’une journée de réflexion à l’UCC|url=https://acp.cd/sciencetec/les-enjeux-socioprofessionnels-en-rdc-au-centre-dune-journee-de-reflexion-a-lucc/|date=23-07-2021|accessdate=27-08-2026}}</ref> === Shughuli za vyombo vya habari === Kazi yake ya uandishi wa habari inalenga zaidi habari za Kongo. Anashiriki katika mahojiano na mijadala na wanasiasa na watu mashuhuri wa umma. Katika kipindi chote cha kazi yake katika Top Congo FM, alishiriki katika utangazaji wa masuala mbalimbali yenye maslahi ya kitaifa, ikiwa ni pamoja na masuala ya kisiasa, kiuchumi, kijamii na usalama. Kumbukumbu za vyombo vya habari pia zinamtaja kama mwandishi wa habari wakati wa mahojiano na viongozi wa kisiasa na watu wengine mashuhuri wa umma.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=FR|title=Kinshasa : pour le professeur Ribio Nzeza et Thierry Kambundi, le secteur culturel sera porteur d’emplois et de prospérité dans un futur proche|url=https://actualite.cd/2021/07/25/kinshasa-pour-le-professeur-ribio-nzeza-le-secteur-culturel-sera-porteur-demplois-et-de|date=23-07-2021|accessdate=27-08-2026}}</ref> [[Jamii:Pages with unreviewed translations]] sl6nyd9f7p9qyy6tdfxcgl9qfrz17nx Khaled Kemas 0 248262 1593905 2026-09-01T18:39:48Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Khaled Kemas''' (alizaliwa 1 Septemba 1979) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa soka wa kulipwa aliyekuwa akicheza katika nafasi ya [[mshambuliaji]]. Alizaliwa nchini Ufaransa na aliwakilisha Algeria katika ngazi za vijana. == Maisha ya soka ya klabu == Kemas alizaliwa katika jiji la Créteil, Ufaransa. Alianza safari yake ya soka nchini Ufaransa kabla ya kwenda kucheza soka la kulipwa nje ya nchi.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/scot_prem/17508...' 1593905 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Khaled Kemas''' (alizaliwa 1 Septemba 1979) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa soka wa kulipwa aliyekuwa akicheza katika nafasi ya [[mshambuliaji]]. Alizaliwa nchini Ufaransa na aliwakilisha Algeria katika ngazi za vijana. == Maisha ya soka ya klabu == Kemas alizaliwa katika jiji la Créteil, Ufaransa. Alianza safari yake ya soka nchini Ufaransa kabla ya kwenda kucheza soka la kulipwa nje ya nchi.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/scot_prem/1750879.stm "Motherwell dump Dundee"]. BBC. 9 January 2002. Retrieved 31 October 2016.</ref> Katika ngazi ya kitaaluma, Kemas aliwahi kucheza katika Ligi Kuu ya Scotland, ambako aliwakilisha klabu za Dundee na Motherwell. Akiwa na klabu zote mbili, alifanikiwa kufunga bao katika mchezo wake wa kwanza, jambo lililoonyesha uwezo wake wa kufunga mabao tangu mwanzo wa maisha yake katika soka la kiwango cha juu. Akiwa Dundee, Kemas alifunga katika [[mchezo]] wake wa kwanza wa ligi dhidi ya Motherwell. Hata hivyo, Dundee ilipoteza mchezo huo dhidi ya klabu ambayo baadaye angejiunga nayo. Baada ya kipindi chake Dundee, alihamia Motherwell, ambako pia alianza kwa kufunga bao katika mchezo wake wa kwanza. Katika mchezo huo, Motherwell ilifungwa na Livingston. Kemas aliendelea na shughuli zake za soka katika mazingira ya ushindani ya Scotland, akicheza kama mshambuliaji mwenye jukumu la kutafuta mabao. Uzoefu wake katika Ligi Kuu ya Scotland ulimpa nafasi ya kucheza katika mojawapo ya ligi za juu za soka nchini humo. Baada ya uzoefu wake katika [[soka]] la Scotland, Kemas alirejea Algeria na kujiunga na MC Alger. Mnamo 11 Julai 2010, alisaini mkataba wa miaka miwili na klabu hiyo. Hata hivyo, kipindi chake MC Alger kilikuwa kifupi. Mwezi mmoja baada ya kusaini mkataba, klabu iliamua kumwachilia baada ya kushindwa kumshawishi kocha mkuu Alain Michel kuhusu uwezo wake wa kuendelea kuichezea timu hiyo. Kuondoka kwake MC Alger kulimaanisha kwamba hakupata nafasi ya kutumia mkataba wake wa miaka miwili hadi mwisho. Licha ya muda mfupi aliokaa katika klabu hiyo, uhamisho wake kwenda MC Alger uliwakilisha kurejea kwake katika soka la Algeria baada ya kucheza nje ya nchi.<ref>[http://djazairess.com/fr/liberte/141588;jsessionid=12AB5A5BEFAB854AC49E14AD58D95B4F M'bilampassi et Kerrouche seront retenus]</ref> == Kazi ya kimataifa == Kwa kuwa alizaliwa nchini Ufaransa lakini alikuwa na asili ya Algeria, Kemas aliwakilisha [[Algeria]] katika ngazi za vijana. Ushiriki wake katika timu za vijana za Algeria ulihusisha kuwakilisha nchi hiyo kabla ya kufikia kiwango cha timu ya taifa ya wakubwa. Kemas alijulikana zaidi kwa shughuli zake katika soka la [[klabu]], hasa kutokana na kipindi chake cha kucheza katika Ligi Kuu ya Scotland akiwa na Dundee na Motherwell, pamoja na kurejea Algeria na kujiunga na MC Alger. Baada ya kumaliza safari yake ya soka la ushindani, Khaled Kemas alistaafu kutoka katika soka la kulipwa. Kazi yake ilihusisha kucheza katika nchi mbili, Ufaransa na Scotland, pamoja na kurejea Algeria, nchi aliyoiwakilisha katika ngazi za vijana. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1979]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Algeria]] 25y4ivju5ix3brzcnhj7u7fz04yxqrv Younès Kadri 0 248263 1593906 2026-09-01T18:47:19Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Younès Kadri''' (alizaliwa 4 Januari 1991) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa [[soka]] kutoka Algeria aliyekuwa akicheza katika nafasi ya kiungo mkabaji na mshambuliaji. Aliwahi kuchezea klabu ya MC El Eulma katika Ligi Kuu ya Algeria.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Altundag |first=Kadri |last2=Altundag |first2=Ozden |last3=Morandi |first3=Paolo |last4=Gunduz |first4=Mehmet |date=2004-12 |title=Obesity may be a independent prognostic factor in premenopausal breast can...' 1593906 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Younès Kadri''' (alizaliwa 4 Januari 1991) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa [[soka]] kutoka Algeria aliyekuwa akicheza katika nafasi ya kiungo mkabaji na mshambuliaji. Aliwahi kuchezea klabu ya MC El Eulma katika Ligi Kuu ya Algeria.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Altundag |first=Kadri |last2=Altundag |first2=Ozden |last3=Morandi |first3=Paolo |last4=Gunduz |first4=Mehmet |date=2004-12 |title=Obesity may be a independent prognostic factor in premenopausal breast cancer patients |url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.breast.2004.08.002 |journal=The Breast |volume=13 |issue=6 |pages=536 |doi=10.1016/j.breast.2004.08.002 |issn=0960-9776}}</ref> == Maisha ya soka ya klabu == Kadri alianza kucheza katika kiwango cha juu cha soka la Algeria akiwa na ES Sétif. Alifanya mchezo wake wa kwanza katika Ligi Kuu ya Algeria akiwa na klabu hiyo na alifanikiwa kufunga bao katika mchezo wake wa kwanza. Kuanzia mwanzo wa maisha yake katika ligi hiyo, alionyesha uwezo wa kucheza katika nafasi mbalimbali za kiungo na ushambuliaji. Baadaye mwaka huo, Kadri alihamia MC El Eulma, klabu nyingine iliyokuwa ikishiriki Ligi Kuu ya Algeria. Alikaa katika klabu hiyo kwa muda wa misimu sita. Kipindi chake MC El Eulma kilikuwa sehemu muhimu ya maisha yake ya soka, kwani alipata nafasi ya kushiriki katika mashindano mbalimbali ya kitaifa na ya bara. Akiwa MC El Eulma, Kadri alishiriki katika Kombe la Algeria, [[mashindano]] ya kitaifa yanayoshirikisha klabu kutoka viwango mbalimbali vya soka nchini Algeria. Pia alishiriki katika Ligi ya Mabingwa ya CAF, mashindano makubwa ya klabu barani Afrika. Ushiriki wake katika mashindano hayo ulimpa uzoefu wa kucheza dhidi ya klabu mbalimbali katika ngazi ya bara. Baada ya kukaa misimu sita MC El Eulma, Kadri alihamia USM Annaba. Hata hivyo, kipindi chake katika klabu hiyo kilikuwa kifupi. Alicheza [[mchezo]] mmoja tu akiwa na USM Annaba kabla ya kustaafu kutoka katika soka.<ref>{{Citation|title=Algeria|date=2018-10-22|url=https://doi.org/10.18356/ae6b4c43-en|work=National Accounts Statistics: Main Aggregates and Detailed Tables|pages=25–36|publisher=UN|isbn=978-92-1-047450-4|access-date=2026-09-01}}</ref> Kadri alikuwa mchezaji mwenye uwezo wa kucheza katika nafasi ya kiungo mkabaji pamoja na mshambuliaji. Uwezo huo ulimruhusu kutumika katika majukumu tofauti kulingana na mahitaji ya timu. Akiwa kiungo mkabaji, jukumu lake lilihusisha kusaidia timu katika eneo la kiungo, wakati katika nafasi ya mshambuliaji alihusika katika harakati za kutafuta mabao. Mchezo wake wa kwanza katika Ligi Kuu ya Algeria akiwa ES Sétif ulimalizika kwa kufunga bao, jambo lililokuwa mwanzo mzuri wa safari yake katika kiwango cha juu cha soka nchini humo. Kadri alipata heshima akiwa sehemu ya ES Sétif katika ngazi ya [[vijana]]. Mwaka 2010, alishinda Kombe la Vijana la Algeria akiwa na klabu hiyo. Heshima hiyo ilikuwa sehemu ya mafanikio yake katika kipindi cha mwanzo cha maisha yake ya soka. == Kustaafu == Baada ya kuichezea USM Annaba katika mchezo mmoja, Younès Kadri alistaafu kutoka katika soka. Katika [[maisha]] yake ya soka, alichezea ES Sétif na MC El Eulma katika Ligi Kuu ya Algeria, kabla ya kumalizia safari yake ya soka akiwa na USM Annaba. Kadri alikumbukwa kwa kipindi chake cha misimu sita akiwa MC El Eulma, ambako alishiriki katika mashindano ya kitaifa na ya kimataifa ya klabu, pamoja na kuanza maisha yake ya Ligi Kuu ya Algeria akiwa ES Sétif na kufunga bao katika mchezo wake wa kwanza. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1991]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Algeria]] 073sld93w3ikurrtinr2dpvj1wsy0ql Sofiane Harkat 0 248264 1593907 2026-09-01T18:54:51Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sofiane Harkat''' (kwa Kiarabu: سفيان حركات; alizaliwa 26 Januari 1984) ni [[mchezaji]] wa soka kutoka [[Algeria]]. Aliwahi kucheza katika Ligi Kuu ya Algeria na kuwa sehemu ya klabu mbalimbali nchini Algeria na nje ya nchi. == Maisha ya soka ya klabu == Mnamo Agosti 2011, Harkat alisaini mkataba wa mwaka mmoja na klabu ya Al-Qadisiyah ya Saudi Arabia. Hata hivyo, mkataba huo ulikatishwa kabla ya kuanza kwa msimu. Kutokana na hali hiyo, Harka...' 1593907 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sofiane Harkat''' (kwa Kiarabu: سفيان حركات; alizaliwa 26 Januari 1984) ni [[mchezaji]] wa soka kutoka [[Algeria]]. Aliwahi kucheza katika Ligi Kuu ya Algeria na kuwa sehemu ya klabu mbalimbali nchini Algeria na nje ya nchi. == Maisha ya soka ya klabu == Mnamo Agosti 2011, Harkat alisaini mkataba wa mwaka mmoja na klabu ya Al-Qadisiyah ya Saudi Arabia. Hata hivyo, mkataba huo ulikatishwa kabla ya kuanza kwa msimu. Kutokana na hali hiyo, Harkat alitumia kipindi kilichosalia cha msimu bila kuwa na [[klabu]].<ref>T.O. (August 5, 2011). [http://www.dzfoot.com/news-9648/transferts-sofiane-harkat-opte-pour-al-qadisiya/ "Sofiane Harkat opte pour Al-Qadisiya"] (in French). DZFoot. Retrieved June 18, 2012.</ref> Mnamo Februari 2012, Harkat alianza kufanya mazoezi na CS Constantine. Kipindi hicho kilimpa nafasi ya kuendelea na maandalizi ya soka huku akitafuta klabu ya kujiunga nayo. Baadaye, mnamo 17 Juni 2012, Harkat alisaini mkataba wa miaka miwili na CR Belouizdad. Uhamisho huo ulimrejesha katika soka la Algeria baada ya kipindi chake cha kukosa klabu na jaribio lake la kufanya mazoezi na CS Constantine. Kabla ya kujiunga na CR Belouizdad, Harkat alikuwa tayari amepata uzoefu wa kucheza soka la ushindani nchini Algeria. Pia alikuwa na uzoefu wa kujaribu kucheza nje ya Algeria baada ya kusaini na Al-Qadisiyah ya Saudi Arabia, ingawa mkataba huo haukuendelea hadi mwanzo wa msimu. Harkat alishinda ubingwa wa Ligi Kuu ya Algeria akiwa na MC Alger katika msimu wa 2009–10. Mafanikio hayo ni miongoni mwa [[heshima]] zilizopatikana katika maisha yake ya soka la klabu. Ushindi huo uliifanya MC Alger kuwa mabingwa wa Algeria katika msimu huo. Harkat hivyo alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi kilichopata mafanikio hayo kabla ya kuendelea na safari yake ya soka katika klabu nyingine. Baada ya mkataba wake na Al-Qadisiyah kusitishwa, Harkat alikaa bila klabu kwa kipindi fulani kabla ya kuanza kufanya mazoezi na CS Constantine. Mnamo Juni 2012, alijiunga rasmi na CR Belouizdad kwa mkataba wa miaka miwili. Kazi yake ya [[S|soka]] ilihusisha kucheza katika mazingira ya soka la Algeria pamoja na kupata fursa ya kujaribu kucheza nje ya nchi. Kipindi chake na MC Alger kilimpa nafasi ya kushinda ubingwa wa ligi ya taifa, huku uhamisho wake kwenda CR Belouizdad ukiwa sehemu nyingine muhimu ya maisha yake ya soka.<ref>Ouali K. (June 17, 2012). [http://www.dzfoot.com/news-11727-transferts-sofiane-harkat-pour-deux-ans-au-cr-belouizdad.php "Sofiane Harkat pour deux ans au CR Belouizdad"] (in French). DZFoot. Retrieved June 18, 2012.</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1984]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Algeria]] 1xbbudger32sx3w0pnwnwq1vkozvmqj Sofiane Hanitser 0 248265 1593908 2026-09-01T19:08:08Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sofiane Hanitser''' (kwa Kiarabu: سفيان هانيتسر; alizaliwa 20 Novemba 1984) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa soka kutoka Algeria. Alishiriki katika [[mashindano]] ya soka ya kitaifa na kimataifa, na aliwakilisha Algeria katika ngazi ya vijana na timu ya taifa ya wakubwa. == Maisha ya soka ya klabu == Katika msimu wa 2009–10 wa Ligi Kuu ya [[Algeria]], Hanitser alikuwa miongoni mwa wafungaji bora wa ligi. Alifunga mabao 16 katika michezo 32, n...' 1593908 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sofiane Hanitser''' (kwa Kiarabu: سفيان هانيتسر; alizaliwa 20 Novemba 1984) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa soka kutoka Algeria. Alishiriki katika [[mashindano]] ya soka ya kitaifa na kimataifa, na aliwakilisha Algeria katika ngazi ya vijana na timu ya taifa ya wakubwa. == Maisha ya soka ya klabu == Katika msimu wa 2009–10 wa Ligi Kuu ya [[Algeria]], Hanitser alikuwa miongoni mwa wafungaji bora wa ligi. Alifunga mabao 16 katika michezo 32, na kumaliza msimu akiwa mfungaji wa pili bora wa ligi. Alifunga bao moja pungufu ya Hadj Bouguèche wa MC Alger, ambaye alimaliza msimu akiwa mfungaji bora. Msimu huo ulikuwa muhimu katika maisha ya soka ya Hanitser kutokana na idadi ya mabao aliyofunga. Kufunga mabao 16 katika [[michezo]] 32 kulimweka katika nafasi ya juu katika orodha ya wafungaji bora wa ligi ya Algeria. Hata hivyo, taarifa zilizopo kuhusu maisha yake ya klabu katika chanzo hiki zinaeleza zaidi kuhusu mafanikio yake ya kufunga mabao katika msimu huo kuliko historia yake yote ya klabu.<ref>[http://www.dzfoot.com/news-4645.php D1 : Classement des buteurs (saison 2009-2010)] Archived 2013-04-01 at the Wayback Machine</ref> == Kazi ya kimataifa == Hanitser aliwakilisha Algeria katika ngazi ya chini ya miaka 23. Mwaka 2005, alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi cha Algeria kilichoshiriki Michezo ya Mshikamano wa Kiislamu iliyofanyika nchini Saudi Arabia. Katika mchezo wa ufunguzi dhidi ya Palestina, Hanitser alifunga mabao mawili na kuisaidia Algeria kushinda kwa mabao 3–0. Alishiriki pia katika michezo iliyofuata ya mashindano hayo, ingawa hakufunga katika michezo hiyo. Mwaka huo huo, Hanitser alikuwa pia sehemu ya kikosi cha Algeria katika Michezo ya Mediterania ya 2005 iliyofanyika Almería, [[Hispania]]. Katika mchezo wa kwanza dhidi ya Tunisia, alifunga mabao mawili. Mchezo huo ulimalizika kwa sare ya 2–2, kabla ya Algeria kushinda mikwaju ya penalti kwa matokeo ya 5–4.<ref>[http://www.dzfoot.com/fiche-1784.php Algérie 2-2 Tunisie] Archived 2012-09-22 at the Wayback Machine</ref> Hanitser aliendelea kushiriki katika mashindano hayo akiwa sehemu ya kikosi cha Algeria. Ushiriki wake katika mashindano ya mwaka 2005 ulimpa nafasi ya kuiwakilisha nchi yake katika mashindano ya kimataifa ya vijana. == Timu ya taifa ya Algeria == Mnamo 4 Juni 2006, Hanitser alicheza mchezo wake wa kwanza kwa timu ya taifa ya Algeria katika mchezo wa kirafiki dhidi ya Sudan. Alianza mchezo huo akiwa kwenye benchi la wachezaji wa akiba. Katika dakika ya 76, Hanitser aliingia uwanjani akichukua nafasi ya Lazhar Hadj Aïssa. Algeria ilimaliza mchezo huo kwa ushindi wa bao 1–0 dhidi ya Sudan.<ref>[http://www.dzfoot.com/fiche-2542.php Algérie 1-0 Soudan] Archived 2010-11-26 at the Wayback Machine</ref> Kwa hiyo, Hanitser aliwakilisha Algeria katika viwango tofauti vya timu za taifa. Alishiriki katika timu ya chini ya miaka 23 kwenye mashindano ya kimataifa mwaka 2005, ambako alifunga mabao muhimu dhidi ya Palestina na Tunisia. Baadaye alipata nafasi ya kucheza katika timu ya taifa ya wakubwa, akifanya mchezo wake wa kwanza dhidi ya Sudan mwaka 2006. == Mafanikio == Katika ngazi ya klabu, mafanikio yake yaliyotajwa ni kumaliza akiwa mfungaji wa pili bora wa Ligi Kuu ya Algeria msimu wa 2009–10, akiwa na mabao 16 katika michezo 32. Katika ngazi ya kimataifa, alifunga mabao mawili dhidi ya Palestina katika Michezo ya Mshikamano wa Kiislamu ya 2005 na mabao mawili dhidi ya Tunisia katika Michezo ya Mediterania ya mwaka huo. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1984]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Algeria]] osxwndlz8yugtb4caxbadmtyjhhqmn7 Nene Mainzana Mapoko 0 248266 1593911 2026-09-01T19:58:13Z OtikolenoiL 71204 Created by translating the page "[[:fr:Special:Redirect/revision/239144603|Nene Mainzana Mapoko]]" 1593911 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nene Mainzana Mapoko''' alizaliwa tarehe 25 Desemba 1975 huko Kamina, katika mkoa wa Haut-Lomami. Anatoka katika familia ya Mapoko, akiwa binti wa Egbango Mapoko Aenenau Martin na Bibiane Bokundoa, na ni mtoto wa nne katika familia yenye watoto wengi. === Elimu === Nene Mainzana Mapoko alisoma masomo yake ya sekondari katika Lycée Lontsing'Esenngo, huko Basankusu, ambako mwaka 1996 alipata diplôme d'État katika ufundi wa utawala na biashara, kabla ya kuendelea na masomo yake ya juu. Baadaye aliendelea na masomo ya chuo kikuu katika Université de Kinshasa, ambako mwaka 2005 alipata shahada ya licence katika sayansi ya mawasiliano. Alikamilisha safari yake ya kielimu kupitia mafunzo mbalimbali yaliyohusu hasa uhifadhi wa bioanuwai, utawala wa misitu, mabadiliko ya tabianchi na mfumo wa REDD+. Sehemu ya mafunzo hayo ilifanyika kwa msaada wa mashirika na taasisi za kimataifa. === Kazi katika vyombo vya habari === Kabla ya kujihusisha na siasa, Nene Mainzana Mapoko alifanya kazi katika uandishi wa habari. Mwaka 2011, Umoja wa Mataifa ulimtaja kama mratibu wa kitaifa wa masuala ya mabadiliko ya tabianchi na mwandishi wa habari katika Radio-télévision nationale congolaise (RTNC), ndani ya Réseau des communicateurs de l'environnement. Kazi yake ya uandishi wa habari ilihusishwa hasa na masuala ya mazingira na changamoto za maendeleo endelevu. Uzoefu huu katika vyombo vya habari ulichangia baadaye katika nafasi yake katika eneo la mawasiliano kuhusu mazingira na utetezi wa masuala ya tabianchi. === Kujihusisha na masuala ya mazingira === Nene Mainzana Mapoko amejenga sehemu muhimu ya kazi yake katika kulinda misitu ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo, utawala wa mazingira na mapambano dhidi ya mabadiliko ya tabianchi. Alishiriki katika programu na mitandao mbalimbali inayohusu usimamizi endelevu wa rasilimali za asili na utetezi wa maslahi ya jamii zinazotegemea misitu kwa ajili ya maisha yao. Safari yake ya kazi pia inajumuisha kushiriki katika mazungumzo ya kimataifa kuhusu tabianchi. Kwa mujibu wa taarifa za wasifu wake zinazopatikana, alishiriki katika mikutano kadhaa ya Umoja wa Mataifa kuhusu mabadiliko ya tabianchi, hasa Copenhagen mwaka 2009, Paris mwaka 2015, Marrakech mwaka 2016, Glasgow mwaka 2021 na Baku mwaka 2024. Pia anaelezwa kuwa alishiriki katika mipango ya kimataifa inayohusu haki ya tabianchi, utawala wa misitu na haki za jamii za wenyeji. 0baaxa5oxodmk9v86shlm0vzawo4t9e Jugurtha Hamroun 0 248267 1593914 2026-09-01T20:05:14Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jugurtha Hamroun''' (kwa Kiarabu: يوغرطة حمرون; kwa Tamazight: ⵊⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜⴰ ⵀⴰⵎⵔⵓⵏ; alizaliwa 27 Januari 1989) ni mchezaji wa soka kutoka [[Algeria]] anayecheza katika nafasi ya winga. Alianza maisha yake ya soka nchini Ufaransa na baadaye kucheza [[soka]] la kulipwa nchini Bulgaria, Uturuki, Romania, Qatar na Algeria. Pia aliwakilisha Algeria katika ngazi ya chini ya miaka 23.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111116233...' 1593914 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jugurtha Hamroun''' (kwa Kiarabu: يوغرطة حمرون; kwa Tamazight: ⵊⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜⴰ ⵀⴰⵎⵔⵓⵏ; alizaliwa 27 Januari 1989) ni mchezaji wa soka kutoka [[Algeria]] anayecheza katika nafasi ya winga. Alianza maisha yake ya soka nchini Ufaransa na baadaye kucheza [[soka]] la kulipwa nchini Bulgaria, Uturuki, Romania, Qatar na Algeria. Pia aliwakilisha Algeria katika ngazi ya chini ya miaka 23.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111116233618/http://www.lebuteur.com/pdf-lebuteur/voir-journal/1096 "Les Olympiques avertissent le Senegal"] [Olympians caution Senegal] (in French). Le Buteur. 15 November 2011. p. 6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 November 2011. Retrieved 16 November 2011.</ref> == Maisha binafsi == Hamroun alizaliwa katika mji wa Bouzeguene, katika Mkoa wa Tizi Ouzou, eneo la Kabylia nchini Algeria. Akiwa na umri wa miaka mitano, alihamia [[Ufaransa]] pamoja na familia yake, ambapo waliishi Neuilly-sur-Marne, katika vitongoji vya mashariki mwa Paris. Mnamo 4 Juni 2008, alipata uraia wa Ufaransa kupitia uraia wa kuandikishwa. Hamroun pia ni binamu wa mchezaji wa soka Rezki Hamroune.<ref>[https://www.dzfoot.com/verts-deurope/lespoir-rezki-hamroune-jsmb-signe-a-dijon-52996.html "L'espoir Rezki Hamroune (JSMB) signe à Dijon"]. www.dzfoot.com. 2 October 2014. Retrieved 9 February 2024.</ref> == Maisha ya soka ya klabu == Akiwa na umri wa miaka 12, Hamroun alijiunga na akademi ya vijana ya Guingamp nchini Ufaransa. Mnamo 8 Aprili 2008, alisaini mkataba wake wa kwanza wa kitaaluma wa miaka mitatu. Mnamo 29 Agosti mwaka huo, alicheza mchezo wake wa kwanza katika Ligue 2, akiingia kama [[mchezaji]] wa akiba dakika ya 83 dhidi ya CS Sedan Ardennes katika mchezo uliomalizika kwa sare ya 1–1. Katika kipindi chake cha miaka mitatu Guingamp, Hamroun alicheza kati ya timu ya kwanza na timu ya akiba. Aliichezea timu ya kwanza katika michezo 26 ya mashindano, ikiwemo michezo miwili katika Ligi ya Europa ya UEFA msimu wa 2009–10. Mnamo 26 Julai 2011, Hamroun alijiunga na Chernomorets Burgas ya Bulgaria kwa mkataba wa miaka mitatu bila ada ya uhamisho. Alifunga katika mchezo wake wa kwanza wa ligi, akiisaidia timu yake kushinda 2–0 dhidi ya Lokomotiv Plovdiv. Mnamo 18 Januari 2012, alihamia [[Uturuki]] na kujiunga na Kardemir Karabükspor ya Ligi Kuu ya Uturuki kwa ada iliyoripotiwa kuwa euro 600,000. Alifanya mchezo wake wa kwanza siku tatu baadaye katika ushindi wa 2–1 dhidi ya Trabzonspor. Baada ya kuwa mchezaji huru tangu majira ya joto, Januari 2015 alisaini mkataba wa miezi sita na Oțelul Galați ya Romania. Alifunga bao katika ushindi wa 2–1 dhidi ya Steaua București tarehe 19 Aprili 2015, lakini Oțelul ilishindwa kuepuka kushuka daraja. Baada ya hapo, Hamroun alijiunga na FCSB mwezi Julai 2015 kwa mkataba wa miaka mitatu. Alifanya mchezo wake wa kwanza dhidi ya AS Trenčín katika Ligi ya Mabingwa ya UEFA na kufunga bao katika ushindi wa 2–0 wa ugenini. Mnamo Januari 2021, Hamroun alijiunga na Samsunspor. Baadaye, tarehe 5 Februari 2024, alijiunga na JS Kabylie. == Kazi ya kimataifa == Mnamo 22 Desemba 2009, Hamroun aliitwa katika [[timu]] ya taifa ya Algeria ya chini ya miaka 23 kwa kambi ya mazoezi iliyofanyika Algiers. Mnamo Oktoba 2011, baada ya kufunga mabao manne katika michezo minane katika ligi ya Bulgaria, aliitwa tena kwenye kikosi hicho.<ref>[http://www.dzfoot.com/news-10018/en-u23-mehdi-abeid-et-jugurtha-hamroun-en-renfort/ EN U23: Mehdi Abeid et Jugurtha Hamroun en renfort (NT Under-23: Mehdi Abeid and Jugurtha Hamroun are additions)] Archived 16 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine; DZFoot, 5 October 2011 (in French)</ref> Mnamo 15 Novemba 2011, alicheza mchezo wake wa kwanza kwa timu ya Algeria ya chini ya miaka 23, akiingia kipindi cha pili katika [[mchezo]] wa kirafiki dhidi ya Afrika Kusini. Siku iliyofuata, alichaguliwa katika kikosi kilichotarajiwa kushiriki Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika la chini ya miaka 23 mwaka 2011 lililofanyika Morocco. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1989]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Algeria]] 80smw182s7mbky0begavhiz4070pdpr 1593922 1593914 2026-09-01T22:19:10Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1593922 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jugurtha Hamroun''' (kwa Kiarabu: يوغرطة حمرون; kwa Tamazight: ⵊⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜⴰ ⵀⴰⵎⵔⵓⵏ; alizaliwa 27 Januari 1989) ni mchezaji wa soka kutoka [[Algeria]] anayecheza katika nafasi ya winga. Alianza maisha yake ya soka nchini Ufaransa na baadaye kucheza [[soka]] la kulipwa nchini Bulgaria, Uturuki, Romania, Qatar na Algeria. Pia aliwakilisha Algeria katika ngazi ya chini ya miaka 23.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111116233618/http://www.lebuteur.com/pdf-lebuteur/voir-journal/1096 "Les Olympiques avertissent le Senegal"] [Olympians caution Senegal] (in French). Le Buteur. 15 November 2011. p. 6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 November 2011. Retrieved 16 November 2011.</ref> == Maisha binafsi == Hamroun alizaliwa katika mji wa Bouzeguene, katika Mkoa wa Tizi Ouzou, eneo la Kabylia nchini Algeria. Akiwa na umri wa miaka mitano, alihamia [[Ufaransa]] pamoja na familia yake, ambapo waliishi Neuilly-sur-Marne, katika vitongoji vya mashariki mwa Paris. Mnamo 4 Juni 2008, alipata uraia wa Ufaransa kupitia uraia wa kuandikishwa. Hamroun pia ni binamu wa mchezaji wa soka Rezki Hamroune.<ref>[https://www.dzfoot.com/verts-deurope/lespoir-rezki-hamroune-jsmb-signe-a-dijon-52996.html "L'espoir Rezki Hamroune (JSMB) signe à Dijon"]. www.dzfoot.com. 2 October 2014. Retrieved 9 February 2024.</ref> == Maisha ya soka ya klabu == Akiwa na umri wa miaka 12, Hamroun alijiunga na akademi ya vijana ya Guingamp nchini Ufaransa. Mnamo 8 Aprili 2008, alisaini mkataba wake wa kwanza wa kitaaluma wa miaka mitatu. Mnamo 29 Agosti mwaka huo, alicheza mchezo wake wa kwanza katika Ligue 2, akiingia kama [[mchezaji]] wa akiba dakika ya 83 dhidi ya CS Sedan Ardennes katika mchezo uliomalizika kwa sare ya 1–1. Katika kipindi chake cha miaka mitatu Guingamp, Hamroun alicheza kati ya timu ya kwanza na timu ya akiba. Aliichezea timu ya kwanza katika michezo 26 ya mashindano, ikiwemo michezo miwili katika Ligi ya Europa ya UEFA msimu wa 2009–10. Mnamo 26 Julai 2011, Hamroun alijiunga na Chernomorets Burgas ya Bulgaria kwa mkataba wa miaka mitatu bila ada ya uhamisho. Alifunga katika mchezo wake wa kwanza wa ligi, akiisaidia timu yake kushinda 2–0 dhidi ya Lokomotiv Plovdiv. Mnamo 18 Januari 2012, alihamia [[Uturuki]] na kujiunga na Kardemir Karabükspor ya Ligi Kuu ya Uturuki kwa ada iliyoripotiwa kuwa euro 600,000. Alifanya mchezo wake wa kwanza siku tatu baadaye katika ushindi wa 2–1 dhidi ya Trabzonspor. Baada ya kuwa mchezaji huru tangu majira ya joto, Januari 2015 alisaini mkataba wa miezi sita na Oțelul Galați ya Romania. Alifunga bao katika ushindi wa 2–1 dhidi ya Steaua București tarehe 19 Aprili 2015, lakini Oțelul ilishindwa kuepuka kushuka daraja. Baada ya hapo, Hamroun alijiunga na FCSB mwezi Julai 2015 kwa mkataba wa miaka mitatu. Alifanya mchezo wake wa kwanza dhidi ya AS Trenčín katika Ligi ya Mabingwa ya UEFA na kufunga bao katika ushindi wa 2–0 wa ugenini. Mnamo Januari 2021, Hamroun alijiunga na Samsunspor. Baadaye, tarehe 5 Februari 2024, alijiunga na JS Kabylie. == Kazi ya kimataifa == Mnamo 22 Desemba 2009, Hamroun aliitwa katika [[timu]] ya taifa ya Algeria ya chini ya miaka 23 kwa kambi ya mazoezi iliyofanyika Algiers. Mnamo Oktoba 2011, baada ya kufunga mabao manne katika michezo minane katika ligi ya Bulgaria, aliitwa tena kwenye kikosi hicho.<ref>[http://www.dzfoot.com/news-10018/en-u23-mehdi-abeid-et-jugurtha-hamroun-en-renfort/ EN U23: Mehdi Abeid et Jugurtha Hamroun en renfort (NT Under-23: Mehdi Abeid and Jugurtha Hamroun are additions)] {{Wayback|url=http://www.dzfoot.com/news-10018/en-u23-mehdi-abeid-et-jugurtha-hamroun-en-renfort/ |date=20120116062219 }} Archived 16 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine; DZFoot, 5 October 2011 (in French)</ref> Mnamo 15 Novemba 2011, alicheza mchezo wake wa kwanza kwa timu ya Algeria ya chini ya miaka 23, akiingia kipindi cha pili katika [[mchezo]] wa kirafiki dhidi ya Afrika Kusini. Siku iliyofuata, alichaguliwa katika kikosi kilichotarajiwa kushiriki Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika la chini ya miaka 23 mwaka 2011 lililofanyika Morocco. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1989]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Algeria]] ttjgmiu7l8gagqhnyhvylcc9z6o9rn6 Mtumiaji:Mdeka madini 2 248268 1593920 2026-09-01T21:59:14Z Mdeka madini 92097 /* */ 1593920 wikitext text/x-wiki <nowiki>**</nowiki>John Peter Mdeka**   <nowiki>*</nowiki>(anajulikana pia kama Kazey au Mirambo Junior)* <nowiki>**</nowiki>John Peter Mdeka** (alizaliwa 24 Januari, Tabora) ni mfanyabiashara wa Kitanzania anayeishi Dar es Salaam. Anatoka katika familia ya Mdeka, ukoo wa Mirambo. Anajulikana zaidi kwa kuanzisha kampuni za **Kazey Holdings** na **Kazey Auto Trading**. <nowiki>###</nowiki> Maisha ya Awali John Peter Mdeka alizaliwa Tabora. Tangu utotoni alikuwa mbunifu na mwenye matamanio makubwa ya kufanikisha mambo makubwa maishani. <nowiki>###</nowiki> Kazi na Biashara Kabla ya kujitegemea, Mdeka aliwahi kufanya kazi katika **City Delivery Services (CDS)**. Baadaye alifanikiwa kuanzisha kampuni zake mwenyewe: - **Kazey Holdings** - **Kazey Auto Trading** Kwa sasa anajishughulisha na biashara kama mfanyabiashara. <nowiki>###</nowiki> Maisha ya Kibinafsi Mdeka ni Muislamu. Ana watoto na anapenda sana kukaa nao. Pia anapenda kusikiliza muziki katika muda wake wa mapumziko. i96urbga5l1oywhpxzyqrbebi2vwg7s Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:JimboGimmeJoe 3 248269 1593946 2026-09-02T07:23:32Z Cabayi 35259 Cabayi alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:JimboGimmeJoe]] hadi [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:BellaTheCheesebug]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/JimboGimmeJoe|JimboGimmeJoe]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/BellaTheCheesebug|BellaTheCheesebug]]" 1593946 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:BellaTheCheesebug]] p3bomwgdxwc7wzeiau6kjjh50f5o4eu Eric Mathoho 0 248270 1593948 2026-09-02T08:10:03Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1593948 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eric “Tower” Mathoho''' (alizaliwa [[1 Mei]] [[1990]] huko Thohoyandou) ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[soka]] wa [[Afrika Kusini]] anayecheza nafasi ya beki wa kati. Aliwahi kuichezea [[Kaizer Chiefs F.C.|Kaizer Chiefs]] na [[timu ya taifa]] ya Afrika Kusini. == Maisha ya awali == Mathoho alizaliwa Tshiombo karibu na Thohoyandou. Alianza kucheza soka akiwa na umri mdogo. Alitengeneza mipira kwa kutumia magunia ya [[vitunguu]] na alicheza [[michezo]] katika mashamba ya [[mahindi]] wakati wa msimu wa mavuno. Wakati mwingine alipiga teke chini hadi kucha za [[vidole]] vya miguu kung’oka na miguu yake kuumia. == Kazi ya klabu == === Bloemfontein Celtic === Mathoho alijiunga na Bloemfontein Celtic akitokea Dolphins FC ya [[Limpopo]] baada ya kufanya majaribio pamoja na wachezaji wengine wawili mwezi Julai 2009 chini ya [[kocha]] Owen da Gama. Alianza kucheza kwa mara ya kwanza tarehe [[3 Februari]] [[2010]] katika sare ya 0–0 dhidi ya [[Mamelodi Sundowns F.C.|Mamelodi Sundowns]] chini ya kocha Clinton Larsen, na akachaguliwa kuwa Mchezaji Bora wa Mechi. Alifunga bao lake la kwanza tarehe [[27 Februari]] [[2011]] katika ushindi wa 5–0 dhidi ya Supersport United. == Heshima na mataji == === Kaizer Chiefs === * Premier Soccer League – 2013 * Nedbank Cup – 2013 * Carling Black Label Cup – [[2013]] * MTN 8 – [[2014]] * Premier Soccer League – [[2015]] <ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20160304000357/http://www.kickoff.com/mobile/news/21658/bloemfontein-celtic-defender-erick-mathoho-is-set-for-an-overseas-move</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20150518092947/http://www.linmedia.co.za/news/7485/tower-mathoho-joins-bloemfontein-celtic</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20160303225058/http://www.kickoff.com/mobile/news/20485/bloemfontein-celtic-beat-supersport-united</ref><ref>https://www.news24.com/sport24/Soccer/PSL/Mathoho-eyeing-Europe-switch-20141229</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1990]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} p3r3477dk65zl1b7tvkyxsb016q8zg3 S.L.P. 0 248271 1593949 2026-09-02T08:11:18Z Tbm 44189 Ukurasa umeelekezwa kwenda [[Sanduku la posta]] 1593949 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Sanduku la posta]] 9uqxqmawhsokcq4jegkvxzxzrro5lm2 Nabil Adib 0 248272 1593950 2026-09-02T08:32:18Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1593950 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nabil Adib Abdalla''' (kwa kawaida: ''Nabil Adib'') ni [[mwanasheria]] wa [[Sudan]] anayejihusisha na [[haki za binadamu]], ambaye aliteuliwa tarehe [[20 Oktoba]] [[2019]] kuwa mkuu wa tume ya uchunguzi kuhusu mauaji ya [[Khartoum]] ya tarehe 3 Juni yaliyotokea wakati wa [[Mapinduzi]] ya Sudan. == Enzi ya Omar al-Bashir == Adib alitoa utetezi wa kisheria kwa watu wengi walioteswa na kufungwa wakati wa [[miaka]] 30 ya [[urais]] wa [[Omar al-Bashir]] nchini Sudan. Kufikia [[Mei]] [[2016]], Adib alikuwa akiongoza kikundi cha haki za binadamu kilichoitwa (Sudan Human Rights Monitor). Tarehe 5 Mei 2016, wiki kadhaa baada ya [[wanafunzi]] kufanya [[maandamano]] katika kampasi ya [[Chuo Kikuu cha Khartoum]] wakitetea haki yao ya kuunda chama cha wanafunzi, maafisa wa Huduma ya Kitaifa ya Ujasusi na [[Usalama]] (NISS) walivamia ofisi ya Adib bila kuwa na hati ya kumkamata. Waliwashambulia [[wafanyakazi]] wawili, wakachukua mafaili ya kisheria na [[kompyuta mpakato]] ya Adib, na kuwakamata wanafunzi kumi, wanasheria wawili na wafanyakazi wawili. == Mapinduzi ya Sudan == Karibu Mei [[2019]], Adib alielezea miezi minne ya kwanza ya Mapinduzi ya Sudan kuwa “ya kushangaza sana”. Alisema, “Ilichukua [[miezi]] minne na, ingawa utawala ulikabiliana nayo kwa kutumia vurugu, [[vijana]] waliendelea kuwa thabiti katika kuuangusha.” Adib alionyesha [[imani]] yake kwamba Tamko Rasimu la Katiba la Agosti 2019 lilifaa kwa madhumuni ya kivitendo ya kipindi cha mpito cha miezi 39 kilichopangwa kuelekea [[demokrasia]]. Alisisitiza kwamba hati hiyo haikuwa na hadhi ya kuwa [[katiba]] ya kudumu. Alirejelea mabadiliko ya kikatiba yaliyotekelezwa katika Mapinduzi ya Oktoba [[1964]] na Mapinduzi ya Sudan ya [[1985]].<ref>https://www.frontlinedefenders.org/en/case/case-history-nabil-adib</ref><ref>https://www.dabangasudan.org/en/all-news/article/jurist-sharia-aspects-of-sudan-s-constitutional-declaration-no-cause-for-alarm</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20190810213233/https://sudanreeves.org/2019/08/06/sudan-draft-constitutional-charter-for-the-2019-transitional-period/</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Sudan]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Sudan]] <references />{{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Sudan]] g4lamhp6e8hy1202xg0qjnivon0it81 Joyce Aluoch 0 248273 1593953 2026-09-02T09:04:33Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1593953 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Joyce Aluoch at The Hague - 2017 (26189995089) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Joyce Aluoch]] '''Joyce Aluoch''' (alizaliwa [[mwaka]] [[1947]]) ni [[mwanasheria]] wa [[Kenya]] ambaye aliwahi kuwa [[Jaji]] wa [[Mahakama ya Kimataifa ya Jinai]] (ICC) kuanzia mwaka [[2009]] hadi [[2018]]. Yeye ni jaji wa zamani wa Mahakama Kuu ya Kenya. Mbali na kazi yake ya ujaji, alikuwa [[Mwenyekiti]] wa kwanza wa Kamati ya Wataalamu ya [[Umoja wa Afrika]] kuhusu [[Haki]] na [[Ustawi]] wa [[Mtoto]], na Makamu Mwenyekiti wa Kamati ya Umoja wa [[Mataifa]] kuhusu Haki za Mtoto kuanzia mwaka [[2003]] hadi 2009. Pia aliwahi kuwa mkuu wa kwanza wa Kitengo cha Masuala ya Familia katika Mahakama Kuu ya Kenya na mwanachama wa Mahakama ya Rufani. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Aluoch alisoma [[Shule]] ya [[Wasichana]] ya Butere kwa ajili ya kupata [[Cheti]] cha [[Elimu ya sekondari|Elimu ya Sekondari]] cha Ngazi ya Kawaida, na alipata Cheti cha Elimu ya Sekondari cha Ngazi ya Juu kutoka Shule ya Wasichana ya Limuru. Ana [[shahada]] ya Sheria kutoka [[Chuo Kikuu cha Nairobi]], [[stashahada]] ya Masomo ya Sheria kutoka Shule ya Sheria ya Kenya, na shahada ya [[uzamili]] ya Mahusiano ya Kimataifa aliyopata mwaka 2008 kupitia Programu ya Kimataifa ya Shahada ya Uzamili ya [[Sanaa]] (GMAP) katika Shule ya Fletcher ya Sheria na [[Diplomasia]], Chuo Kikuu cha Tufts. == Kazi ya awali == Mwaka [[1974]], Aluoch aliteuliwa kuwa Hakimu wa [[Wilaya]] Daraja la II (Prof.) katika Mahakama za Kenya. Baada ya jaribio la [[mapinduzi]] la mwaka [[1982]], [[Rais]] wa wakati huo wa Kenya, [[Daniel Toroitich Arap Moi|Daniel Toroitich arap Moi]], alianza kuwakamata na kuwaadhibu watu aliowatuhumu kuwa wapinzani wa kisiasa.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120404234959/http://www.africanexecutive.com/modules/magazine/articles.php?article=4065</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120921025458/http://www.icc-cpi.int/Menus/ICC/Structure%2Bof%2Bthe%2BCourt/Chambers/The%2BJudges/The%2BJudges/Judge%2BJoyce%2BALUOCH/Judge%2BJoyce%2BALUOCH%2B_Kenya_.htm</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110617114543/http://www.icc-cpi.int/menus/icc/structure%20of%20the%20court/chambers/trial%20division/trial%20division?lan=en-GB</ref> == Marejeo == <references />{{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1947]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Kenya]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 36b1zltgthuustv5ccngx9yfnsv8f3l Chea Cheapoo 0 248274 1593955 2026-09-02T09:28:14Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1593955 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Chea Cheapoo, Sr.''' ([[2 Novemba]] [[1942]] – [[16 Septemba]] [[2020]]) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Liberia]] ambaye aliwahi kuwa [[Jaji]] Mkuu wa 15 wa Liberia kuanzia [[Julai]] [[1987]] hadi aliposhitakiwa kwa mchakato wa kumuondoa madarakani na kuondolewa kwenye nafasi hiyo tarehe [[2 Desemba]] mwaka huo. Haki zake zote zilirejeshwa baadaye kupitia [[sheria]] iliyopitishwa na [[bunge]]. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Cheapoo alizaliwa tarehe 2 Novemba 1942 huko Kiteabo, ambako kulikuwa katika [[Wilaya]] ya Webbo ya zamani, katika [[Kaunti]] ya Grand Gedeh. Kwanza alisoma katika [[shule]] ya Assembly of God huko Pleebo, kisha katika [[Chuo]] cha Monrovia. [[Mwaka]] [[1961]], alipata [[stashahada]] ya [[uhasibu]] kutoka Booker [[Washington]] Institute. Alihitimu Shule ya Sheria ya [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha [[North Carolina]] Central mwaka [[1970]]. == Kuingia katika siasa == Baada ya kupata [[shahada]] yake ya sheria, Cheapoo alirejea Liberia na kujiunga na [[Wizara]] ya [[Biashara]] na [[Viwanda]]. Baadaye akawa naibu waziri katika Wizara ya Sheria. == Uchaguzi == Cheapoo alishiriki katika [[uchaguzi]] mkuu wa mwaka [[1997]] akiwa mgombea wa Progressive People's Party (PPP) iliyokuwa imeundwa upya. Akiwa mgombea wa chama hicho wa [[urais]], Cheapoo alipata asilimia 0.34 tu ya [[kura]], huku chama hicho kikishindwa kupata kiti chochote katika bunge. Chama hicho hakikusimamisha wagombea katika uchaguzi wa mwaka [[2005]]. Cheapoo alikuwa tena mgombea wa chama hicho wa urais mwaka 2011, alipata asilimia 0.3 ya kura, na PPP haikupata kiti chochote katika bunge.<ref>https://www.trcofliberia.org/press_releases/120.html</ref><ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/202009180141.html</ref><ref>https://judiciary.gov.lr/past-justices/</ref><ref>https://gnnliberia.com/former-chief-justice-cllr-chea-cheapoo-sr-is-dead/</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1942]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2020]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Liberia]] <references />{{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} juk7es42gba5wh43gw84r025wlfetf3 Perodua Rusa 0 248275 1593956 2026-09-02T09:38:54Z Bigvai Muhoti 57103 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Perodua Rusa''' ni lenye kabini juu ya injini aina ya [[microvan]], iliyotengenezwa na mtengenezaji wa magari wa Malaysia [[Perodua]] kati ya mwaka 1996 na 2007, na ilikuwa imetokana na [[Daihatsu Zebra]]. Ilizinduliwa tarehe 6 Machi 1996, Rusa ilikuwa modeli ya kwanza ya [[van]] iliyotengenezwa na kampuni ya magari ya Malaysia. Modeli ya awali ilikuwa na injini ya lita 1.3, na kuongezewa modeli yenye injini ya lita 1.6 mwezi Mei 1997. == Marejeo == {...' 1593956 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Perodua Rusa''' ni lenye kabini juu ya injini aina ya [[microvan]], iliyotengenezwa na mtengenezaji wa magari wa Malaysia [[Perodua]] kati ya mwaka 1996 na 2007, na ilikuwa imetokana na [[Daihatsu Zebra]]. Ilizinduliwa tarehe 6 Machi 1996, Rusa ilikuwa modeli ya kwanza ya [[van]] iliyotengenezwa na kampuni ya magari ya Malaysia. Modeli ya awali ilikuwa na injini ya lita 1.3, na kuongezewa modeli yenye injini ya lita 1.6 mwezi Mei 1997. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Magari ya Perodua]] [[Jamii:Microvan]] [[Jamii:Magari ya Malaysia]] metbb2a247i3boek0qijykddzss0spq Piaggio Porter 0 248276 1593957 2026-09-02T09:40:00Z Bigvai Muhoti 57103 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Piaggio Porter''' ni gari lenye kabini juu ya injini aina ya [[microvan]] na [[Pickup truck|pickup]], linalotengenezwa na kuuzwa na kampuni ya Italia [[Piaggio]] tangu mwaka 1992 chini ya chapa ya ''Piaggio Commercial Vehicle''. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Magari ya Piaggio]] [[Jamii:Microvan]] [[Jamii:Magari ya kibiashara]] [[Jamii:Magari ya Italia]]' 1593957 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Piaggio Porter''' ni gari lenye kabini juu ya injini aina ya [[microvan]] na [[Pickup truck|pickup]], linalotengenezwa na kuuzwa na kampuni ya Italia [[Piaggio]] tangu mwaka 1992 chini ya chapa ya ''Piaggio Commercial Vehicle''. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Magari ya Piaggio]] [[Jamii:Microvan]] [[Jamii:Magari ya kibiashara]] [[Jamii:Magari ya Italia]] 0i0m00doe7iupjlqaw4juq94gxyb341 Piaggio Quargo 0 248277 1593958 2026-09-02T09:42:55Z Bigvai Muhoti 57103 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Piaggio Quargo''' ni gari la kibiashara lililotengenezwa na [[Piaggio]] kuanzia mwaka 2004 hadi 2016, na lilikuwa sehemu ya kundi la [[Quadricycle (EU vehicle classification)|quadricycle nzito]], lililoundwa kuchukua nafasi ya [[Piaggio Ape|Ape Poker]]. == Muktadha == Likijengwa kwenye msingi huo huo wa [[Piaggio Porter]], ambalo linashirikiana nalo mpangilio wa kimakanika na sehemu ya mwili kama vile milango, Quargo lilikuwa na injini ya diesel eng...' 1593958 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Piaggio Quargo''' ni gari la kibiashara lililotengenezwa na [[Piaggio]] kuanzia mwaka 2004 hadi 2016, na lilikuwa sehemu ya kundi la [[Quadricycle (EU vehicle classification)|quadricycle nzito]], lililoundwa kuchukua nafasi ya [[Piaggio Ape|Ape Poker]]. == Muktadha == Likijengwa kwenye msingi huo huo wa [[Piaggio Porter]], ambalo linashirikiana nalo mpangilio wa kimakanika na sehemu ya mwili kama vile milango, Quargo lilikuwa na injini ya [[diesel engine|dizeli]] ya [[Lombardini S.r.l.|Lombardini]] yenye silinda mbili zilizopangwa mstari, ujazo wa 686 cm³, iliyowekwa nyuma kwa mlalo na yenye nguvu ya 13 kW (takriban hp 18). Lilikuwa na muundo wa [[quadricycle|quadricycle]] nyepesi iliyohitaji [[driving license|leseni ya udereva]] ya B1 ili kuendeshwa. Pia lingeweza kuendeshwa na wale waliokuwa na leseni ndogo za awali za A1 na A, ikiwa zilipatikana kabla ya tarehe 18 Januari 2013. Lilipatikana katika matoleo ya [[Pickup truck|pickup]], pickup yenye mfumo wa kumwaga mizigo, vani na curtainseat, likiwa na uwezo wa kubeba mzigo wa hadi kg 750 kulingana na toleo. Mwaka 2007, toleo lililoboreshwa liliwasilishwa, likiwa na [[disc brake|breki za diski]] kwenye magurudumu ya mbele na karatasi ya chini ya mafuta ya injini yenye ukubwa mkubwa. Uzalishaji uliishia mwishoni mwa mwaka 2016 kwa sababu, baada ya kuanza kutumika kwa kanuni za kuzuia uchafuzi wa mazingira za [[Euro 4]] kwa quadricycle, Quargo haikuboreshwa ili kuzifuata. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Magari ya Piaggio]] [[Jamii:Magari ya kibiashara]] [[Jamii:Quadricycle]] [[Jamii:Magari ya Italia]] 0n53x9lkkal6v2rf9fm2ct6b8g696ie Thuli Brilliance Makama 0 248278 1593959 2026-09-02T09:43:36Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1593959 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thuli Brilliance Makama''' ni [[mwanasheria]] wa [[mazingira]] wa [[Eswatini]]. Yeye ni mwanasheria na [[Mkurugenzi]] Mtendaji wa kundi la mazingira la (Yonge Nawe/Friends of the Earth Swaziland), shirika la mazingira linalolenga [[haki]] ya kimazingira. Alitunukiwa [[Tuzo]] ya Mazingira ya Goldman [[mwaka]] [[2010]]. Akiwa mwanasheria wa maslahi ya umma katika masuala ya mazingira nchini Eswatini, Thuli amejitahidi kuhakikisha kuwa maoni ya [[jamii]] za wenyeji yanazingatiwa wakati wa kufanya maamuzi kuhusu mazingira. Thuli pia ni mshauri mkuu wa Oil Change International barani [[Afrika]], akitoa mwelekeo wa kimkakati na msaada katika [[kampeni]] za shughuli za shirika hilo barani humo. == Hatua za kisheria == Sheria ya Mamlaka ya Mazingira ya [[Swaziland]] ilipopitishwa awali mwaka [[1992]], kulizingatiwa kwa umakini ushiriki wa umma katika maamuzi ambayo yangeathiri mazingira. Mwaka [[2002]], sheria hii ilipofanyiwa marekebisho, msingi wa ushiriki wa umma uliimarishwa kwa kuwekwa kwa kifungu maalumu kilichomtaka mwakilishi mmoja kutoka [[shirika]] lisilo la kiserikali la mazingira (NGO) kuwa mjumbe wa bodi ya usimamizi ya Mamlaka ya Mazingira ya Swaziland. Hata hivyo, [[waziri]] wa kwanza wa mazingira aliyepewa jukumu la kutekeleza kifungu hiki alichagua kupuuza sheria na kuwaondoa Mashirika Yasiyo ya Kiserikali (NGOs) katika mchakato huo. == Tuzo == Thuli alitajwa kuwa mmoja wa washindi wa [[tuzo]] maarufu zaidi ya mazingira, Tuzo ya Goldman, mwaka 2010.<ref>https://www.etcgroup.org/users/thuli-brillance-makama</ref><ref>https://www.goldmanprize.org/recipient/thuli-makama/</ref><ref>https://www.devex.com/news/authors/thuli-brilliance-makama-1425927</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Eswatini]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Eswatini]] <references />{{Mbegu-mtu}} brs6ww5c2ycorlmw0qawb74xbqj0fti Proton Juara 0 248279 1593960 2026-09-02T09:44:22Z Bigvai Muhoti 57103 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Proton Juara''' ni [[microvan]]/[[Mini MPV|mini MPV]] iliyotengenezwa na mtengenezaji wa magari wa Malaysia [[Proton (automobile)|Proton]] kati ya mwaka 2001 na 2004. Ilizinduliwa tarehe 22 Julai 2001 ikiwa modeli ya kwanza ya Proton ambayo haikuwa [[Sedan (car)|sedani]], [[Hatchback|hatchback]] wala [[Coupé|coupé]]. Juara ilipaswa kutengenezwa kwa pamoja na Proton na [[Mitsubishi Motors]] kama modeli ya kuuza nje ya nchi chini ya chapa ya Mitsubish...' 1593960 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Proton Juara''' ni [[microvan]]/[[Mini MPV|mini MPV]] iliyotengenezwa na mtengenezaji wa magari wa Malaysia [[Proton (automobile)|Proton]] kati ya mwaka 2001 na 2004. Ilizinduliwa tarehe 22 Julai 2001 ikiwa modeli ya kwanza ya Proton ambayo haikuwa [[Sedan (car)|sedani]], [[Hatchback|hatchback]] wala [[Coupé|coupé]]. Juara ilipaswa kutengenezwa kwa pamoja na Proton na [[Mitsubishi Motors]] kama modeli ya kuuza nje ya nchi chini ya chapa ya [[Mitsubishi Motors|Mitsubishi]]. Hata hivyo, mapokezi yake hafifu na mauzo ya polepole yalisababisha uzalishaji wake kumalizika mapema mwaka 2004. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Magari ya Proton]] [[Jamii:Microvan]] [[Jamii:Mini MPV]] [[Jamii:Magari ya Malaysia]] kc0frbpl0c92f53lxea5yqkdmxg3m7j Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Baraka mgimwa 3 248280 1593961 2026-09-02T09:48:17Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1593961 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 2 Septemba 2026 (UTC) rthlq6sbcqdigyli3ls0uf15vjdfl39 Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Retreels 3 248281 1593962 2026-09-02T09:48:27Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1593962 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 2 Septemba 2026 (UTC) rthlq6sbcqdigyli3ls0uf15vjdfl39 Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Piranha 1978 3 248282 1593963 2026-09-02T09:48:37Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1593963 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 2 Septemba 2026 (UTC) rthlq6sbcqdigyli3ls0uf15vjdfl39 Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Giuseppe candido1 3 248283 1593964 2026-09-02T09:48:47Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1593964 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 2 Septemba 2026 (UTC) rthlq6sbcqdigyli3ls0uf15vjdfl39 Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:En hai ahne 3 248284 1593965 2026-09-02T09:48:57Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1593965 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 2 Septemba 2026 (UTC) rthlq6sbcqdigyli3ls0uf15vjdfl39 Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:YosemiteYamper 3 248285 1593966 2026-09-02T09:49:07Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1593966 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 2 Septemba 2026 (UTC) 5rgc84m3wilcbu2kfnn6ys32xxs472h Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mdeka madini 3 248286 1593967 2026-09-02T09:49:17Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1593967 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 2 Septemba 2026 (UTC) 5rgc84m3wilcbu2kfnn6ys32xxs472h Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AllTheUsernamesAreInUse 3 248287 1593968 2026-09-02T09:49:27Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1593968 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 2 Septemba 2026 (UTC) 5rgc84m3wilcbu2kfnn6ys32xxs472h Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:-25FJ25 3 248288 1593969 2026-09-02T09:49:37Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1593969 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 2 Septemba 2026 (UTC) 5rgc84m3wilcbu2kfnn6ys32xxs472h Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Semihr 3 248289 1593970 2026-09-02T09:49:47Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1593970 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 2 Septemba 2026 (UTC) 5rgc84m3wilcbu2kfnn6ys32xxs472h Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:VFL one love 3 248290 1593971 2026-09-02T09:49:57Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1593971 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 2 Septemba 2026 (UTC) 5rgc84m3wilcbu2kfnn6ys32xxs472h Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Sachirou Inoue 3 248291 1593972 2026-09-02T09:50:07Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1593972 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 2 Septemba 2026 (UTC) szz2u7293m5z7sph7tu8jiudymlpv10 Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:TerraSpace1100 3 248292 1593973 2026-09-02T09:50:17Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1593973 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 2 Septemba 2026 (UTC) szz2u7293m5z7sph7tu8jiudymlpv10 Shaanxi Tongjia Fujia 0 248293 1593975 2026-09-02T09:55:09Z Bigvai Muhoti 57103 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Shaanxi Tongjia Fujia''' ({{lang-zh|陕汽通家 福家}}) ni [[microvan]] inayotengenezwa na [[Shaanxi Automobile Group]] chini ya chapa ya Shaanxi Tongjia. Chapa ya Shaanxi Tongjia ilizinduliwa mwaka 2009 kama tawi la magari mepesi ya kibiashara la Shaanxi Automobile Group. == Muhtasari == Chapa ya Shaanxi Tongjia ilizinduliwa mwaka 2009 kama tawi la magari mepesi ya kibiashara la Shaanxi Automobile Group. Ni ubia wa Shaanxi Automobile Group, Shaa...' 1593975 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shaanxi Tongjia Fujia''' ({{lang-zh|陕汽通家 福家}}) ni [[microvan]] inayotengenezwa na [[Shaanxi Automobile Group]] chini ya chapa ya Shaanxi Tongjia. Chapa ya Shaanxi Tongjia ilizinduliwa mwaka 2009 kama tawi la magari mepesi ya kibiashara la Shaanxi Automobile Group. == Muhtasari == Chapa ya Shaanxi Tongjia ilizinduliwa mwaka 2009 kama tawi la magari mepesi ya kibiashara la Shaanxi Automobile Group. Ni ubia wa Shaanxi Automobile Group, [[Shaanxi Aircraft Corporation]], IAT Automobile Technology Co., Ltd. na kampuni ya Baoji Gaoxin Automotive Industry Development. Shaanxi Tongjia Fujia ilizinduliwa awali mwaka 2010 nchini [[China]], huku uzalishaji ukianza tarehe 19 Septemba 2010. Kufikia tarehe 27 Oktoba 2015, toleo la kwanza la Fujia lililolenga sekta ya usafirishaji wa mizigo, lililoitwa '''Dianniu No.1''', lilizinduliwa. Shaanxi Tongjia Fujia ni vani lenye milango 5, linalopatikana kama vani la abiria au vani la mizigo lenye paneli, na linaweza kubeba abiria kati ya 5 na 7. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Magari ya Shaanxi]] [[Jamii:Microvan]] [[Jamii:Magari ya kibiashara]] [[Jamii:Magari ya China]] 9skq3l7h7yehirbyqma57852skropsy Shaanxi Automobile Group 0 248294 1593976 2026-09-02T09:58:08Z Bigvai Muhoti 57103 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Shaanxi Automobile Group Co., Ltd.''', inayofanya biashara chini ya jina '''Shacman''', ni mtengenezaji wa mabasi na [[truck|malori]] wa China mwenye makao makuu katika mji wa [[Xi'an]], [[Shaanxi]], China. == Muhtasari == Ilianzishwa mwaka 1968 na kwa sasa iko katika mji wa Xi'an, Mkoa wa Shaanxi, kampuni hiyo inaajiri takriban wafanyakazi 23,000. Inatengeneza malori ya ukubwa wa kati na malori ya matumizi mazito, yote yakiuzwa chini ya chapa ya Shac...' 1593976 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shaanxi Automobile Group Co., Ltd.''', inayofanya biashara chini ya jina '''Shacman''', ni mtengenezaji wa mabasi na [[truck|malori]] wa China mwenye makao makuu katika mji wa [[Xi'an]], [[Shaanxi]], China. == Muhtasari == Ilianzishwa mwaka 1968 na kwa sasa iko katika mji wa Xi'an, Mkoa wa Shaanxi, kampuni hiyo inaajiri takriban wafanyakazi 23,000. Inatengeneza malori ya ukubwa wa kati na malori ya matumizi mazito, yote yakiuzwa chini ya chapa ya Shacman, [[chassis|chasi]] za mabasi na ekseli za malori ya matumizi mazito. Inatumia teknolojia za [[Magna Steyr]] na [[MAN SE]]. Chasi zake za mabasi huuzwa chini ya chapa ya Eurostar Bus. Kampuni hiyo ina uwepo katika nchi 140 duniani kote, ikiwa na ofisi 40 za kampuni na vituo 280 vya huduma. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Magari ya Shaanxi]] [[Jamii:Watengenezaji wa magari wa China]] [[Jamii:Watengenezaji wa malori]] [[Jamii:Watengenezaji wa mabasi]] [[Jamii:Magari ya kibiashara]] [[Jamii:Kampuni za China]] lpdrb23avr7tpm84bltfknkvzoolg6s Shanxi Hangtian Victory V-series 0 248295 1593977 2026-09-02T10:01:09Z Bigvai Muhoti 57103 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Shanxi Hangtian Victory V-series''' ni mfululizo wa [[microvan|microvan]] zenye milango mitano zilizotengenezwa na Guizhou Hangtian Chenggong Automobile chini ya chapa ya Shanxi Hangtian Victory. Guizhou Hangtian Chenggong Automobile ni kampuni tanzu ya Shanxi Victory. Mfululizo wa V unajumuisha matoleo kadhaa, ambapo V2E na BEV6 ni matoleo ya nishati mpya, huku V1 na V2 yakiwa modeli zenye [[internal combustion engine|injini za mwako wa ndani]] (ICE)....' 1593977 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shanxi Hangtian Victory V-series''' ni mfululizo wa [[microvan|microvan]] zenye milango mitano zilizotengenezwa na Guizhou Hangtian Chenggong Automobile chini ya chapa ya Shanxi Hangtian Victory. Guizhou Hangtian Chenggong Automobile ni kampuni tanzu ya Shanxi Victory. Mfululizo wa V unajumuisha matoleo kadhaa, ambapo V2E na BEV6 ni matoleo ya nishati mpya, huku V1 na V2 yakiwa modeli zenye [[internal combustion engine|injini za mwako wa ndani]] (ICE). Vani za Shanxi Hangtian Victory V1 na V2 zinaendeshwa na injini ya lita 1.2 aina ya ''HH465QE6'', yenye silinda nne zilizopangwa mstari na nguvu ya hp 60 (45 kW; 61 PS), inayotokana na muundo wa injini wa [[Suzuki]]. Chaguzi zote mbili za injini zinaunganishwa na [[transmission|gearbox]] ya manuali yenye gia 5. Bei ya Shanxi Hangtian Victory kwa wafanyabiashara huanzia yuan 43,000 (US$6,700). Mfululizo wa Shanxi Hangtian Victory V una [[MacPherson strut|struts za MacPherson]] zinazojitegemea kwenye magurudumu ya mbele na [[leaf spring|springi za majani]] zisizojitegemea kwenye magurudumu ya nyuma. Mfumo wa kuendesha gari una injini iliyowekwa katikati na mfumo wa kuendesha magurudumu ya nyuma. Mtengenezaji wa vani za Shanxi Hangtian Victory, Guizhou Hangtian Chenggong Automobile, ana makao yake katika mji wa Zunyi, Mkoa wa Guizhou. Ilikuwa kampuni tanzu ya Shanxi Victory mwaka 2006. Jina hilo linatafsiriwa kuwa "Guizhou Aerospace Automotive Manufacturing Corporation". == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Magari ya Shanxi Victory]] [[Jamii:Microvan]] [[Jamii:Magari ya kibiashara]] [[Jamii:Magari ya China]] 2u1noym057yg4bsyklg45tkn9t6w204 Ayo Opadokun 0 248296 1593978 2026-09-02T10:01:57Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1593978 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Pa Ayo Opadokun''' [CON] ni [[mwanasheria]] wa [[Nigeria]], [[mwanaharakati]] wa [[demokrasia]], [[mwandishi]] na [[mwanasiasa]] mkongwe. Yeye ni Katibu Mkuu wa zamani na [[Katibu]] wa Kitaifa wa Uenezi wa National Democratic Coalition (NADECO), mojawapo ya makundi yaliyofanya kampeni dhidi ya [[utawala]] wa kijeshi nchini Nigeria na kutetea kuthibitishwa kwa matokeo ya uchaguzi wa [[urais]] wa tarehe 12 Juni [[1993]]. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Opadokun alizaliwa tarehe [[26 Agosti]] [[1948]] huko Offa, katika [[Jimbo]] la Kwara la sasa, Nigeria. Alisoma katika Shule ya Baptist Day, Zaria, ambako alimaliza [[elimu]] yake ya [[msingi]] mwaka [[1961]]. Baadaye alisoma katika Chuo cha Nigerian Baptist, Minna, na kuhitimu mwaka [[1972]]. Alisoma pia katika [[Chuo kikuu]] [[Lagos]], ambako alipata [[Shahada]] ya Kwanza ya Sheria (LL.B.) mwaka [[1979]]. == Heshima na utambuzi == Wakati wa maadhimisho ya Siku ya Demokrasia ya mwaka [[2026]], [[Rais]] Bola Ahmed Tinubu alimtunuku Chief Ayo Opadokun heshima ya kitaifa ya Kamanda wa Daraja la Niger (CON) kwa kutambua mchango wake katika [[harakati]] za kuleta demokrasia nchini Nigeria na maendeleo ya kidemokrasia. == Vitabu == * ''Freedom Jail: The Traumatic Experience of Ayo Opadokun'' (1999). * ''Prison Memoirs'' (2000). * ''The Gun Hegemony: An Unusual Chronicle About the Nigerian Military'' (2025). * ''The NADECO Story'' (2026). <ref>https://www.withinnigeria.com/2026/04/04/photos-meet-key-figures-of-nadeco-champions-of-nigerian-democracy/</ref><ref>https://guardian.ng/news/why-nigerias-development-is-stunted-nadeco-secretary-opadokun/</ref><ref>https://leadership.ng/ex-nadeco-chieftain-opadokun-urges-tinubu-to-return-nigeria-to-true-federalism/</ref><ref>https://www.newdawnngr.com/2026/06/01/the-nadeco-story-the-book-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-vouched-for/</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1948]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Nigeria]] <references />{{Mbegu-mtu}} bwq3u3g85gqlwqxzr36u4j1y2sso260 Subaru Pleo 0 248297 1593979 2026-09-02T10:07:16Z Bigvai Muhoti 57103 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Subaru Pleo''' ni [[kei car|gari la kei]] lililouzwa na mtengenezaji wa magari wa [[Japan]] [[Subaru]] kuanzia mwaka 1998 hadi 2018. Pleo ni refu zaidi kuliko [[kei car|magari ya kei]] ya kawaida yenye [[Hatchback|mwili wa hatchback]], lakini ni fupi kuliko [[microvan|microvan]] inayotambulika zaidi, [[Suzuki Wagon R]], na lilipatikana na chaguo mbalimbali za injini za silinda nne zilizopangwa mstari ([[Straight-4|I4]]) zenye ujazo wa 658 cc: [[SOHC]],...' 1593979 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Subaru Pleo''' ni [[kei car|gari la kei]] lililouzwa na mtengenezaji wa magari wa [[Japan]] [[Subaru]] kuanzia mwaka 1998 hadi 2018. Pleo ni refu zaidi kuliko [[kei car|magari ya kei]] ya kawaida yenye [[Hatchback|mwili wa hatchback]], lakini ni fupi kuliko [[microvan|microvan]] inayotambulika zaidi, [[Suzuki Wagon R]], na lilipatikana na chaguo mbalimbali za injini za silinda nne zilizopangwa mstari ([[Straight-4|I4]]) zenye ujazo wa 658 cc: [[SOHC]], [[DOHC]], na injini yenye [[Supercharger|supercharger]], katika viwango viwili tofauti vya vifaa. Lilishindana na [[Honda Life]], [[Daihatsu Move]], na [[Mitsubishi Toppo]] katika kundi la [[Station wagon|magari marefu]] ya [[kei car|magari ya kei]] nchini Japan. Jina ''[[pleo]]'' ni neno la [[Kilatini]] linalomaanisha "kujaza" au "kutimiza". == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Magari ya Subaru]] [[Jamii:Kei cars]] [[Jamii:Magari ya Japan]] 0cqxk0aptjlyep2w52xiaybtiseix6s Subaru Sambar 0 248298 1593980 2026-09-02T10:14:44Z Bigvai Muhoti 57103 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Subaru Sambar''' ni gari lenye kabini juu ya injini, [[truck|lori]] na [[microvan]] linalotengenezwa na kuuzwa na [[Subaru]], likiwa lori la pili nchini [[Japan]] linalokidhi masharti ya kundi kali la kodi la magari ya [[Kei car|Kei]] au ''Keitora (軽トラ)'', baada ya [[Kurogane Baby]]. Lilizinduliwa mwaka 1961 katika miundo ya [[microvan]] na [[Kei truck|lori la kei]], na Sambar bado iko kwenye uzalishaji, sasa ikiwa katika kizazi chake cha nane —...' 1593980 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Subaru Sambar''' ni gari lenye kabini juu ya injini, [[truck|lori]] na [[microvan]] linalotengenezwa na kuuzwa na [[Subaru]], likiwa lori la pili nchini [[Japan]] linalokidhi masharti ya kundi kali la kodi la magari ya [[Kei car|Kei]] au ''Keitora (軽トラ)'', baada ya [[Kurogane Baby]]. Lilizinduliwa mwaka 1961 katika miundo ya [[microvan]] na [[Kei truck|lori la kei]], na Sambar bado iko kwenye uzalishaji, sasa ikiwa katika kizazi chake cha nane — kuanzia kizazi cha saba ikiwa ni toleo lenye chapa iliyobadilishwa kutoka [[Daihatsu Hijet]]. Tangu ilipoanzishwa, Sambar imetumia mpangilio wa injini iliyowekwa nyuma na mfumo wa kuendesha magurudumu ya nyuma, pamoja na muundo wa [[body-on-frame]] badala ya muundo wa [[unibody]]. Vizazi viwili vya kwanza vilitumia injini iliyopozwa kwa hewa kutoka [[Subaru 360]], huku vizazi vilivyofuata vikitumia injini iliyopozwa kwa maji kutoka [[Subaru Rex]], [[Subaru Vivio|Vivio]] na [[Subaru Pleo|Pleo]]. Mfumo wa kuendesha magurudumu yote manne ulianza kupatikana kama chaguo mwaka 1980. Modeli za Sambar zilitengenezwa nchini [[China]] kama Sanba (三八, ''Sānbā''), na pia nchini [[Finland]] kupitia [[joint venture|ubia]] na [[Elcat Electric Vehicles|Elcat Automotive]]. Matoleo ya abiria ya Sambar baadaye yaliuzwa kama '''Subaru Dias Wagon'''. Kwa kuwa Sambar lilipewa jina la aina ya [[kulungu]], huenda Subaru ilichukua msukumo kutoka [[Volkswagen Type 2]] (1951–1967), kwa kutumia jina la kibiashara linalofanana sana na kiwango cha juu cha vifaa cha Volkswagen, [[Samba (bus)|Samba]], pamoja na kutumia mpangilio unaofanana wa kuendesha magurudumu ya nyuma, injini iliyopozwa kwa hewa iliyowekwa nyuma na kabini juu ya [[injini]]. Sambar lilikuwa lori la pili la kei (baada ya Kurogane) na lilikuwa gari la mwisho linalokidhi masharti ya Kei kutumia mpangilio wa injini iliyowekwa nyuma na kuendesha magurudumu ya nyuma. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Magari ya Subaru]] [[Jamii:Microvan]] [[Jamii:Kei trucks]] [[Jamii:Magari ya Japan]] [[Jamii:Magari ya kibiashara]] quqf3eob365dv4pt65qqdfvjx4glamc Subaru Sumo 0 248299 1593981 2026-09-02T10:19:58Z Bigvai Muhoti 57103 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Subaru Sumo''', inayojulikana kama '''Domingo''' katika soko la [[Japan]] na '''Libero''' katika masoko ya [[Europe|Ulaya]] isipokuwa [[United Kingdom|Uingereza]], [[Iceland]], [[Benelux]] na [[Sweden]], ni gari lenye kabini juu ya injini aina ya [[microvan]] lililotengenezwa kuanzia mwaka 1983 hadi 1998. Nchini [[Belgium|Ubelgiji]], lilijulikana kama '''Combi'''. Nchini [[Sweden]], lilijulikana kama '''Columbuss''' (''buss'' likimaanisha "basi" kwa Kis...' 1593981 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Subaru Sumo''', inayojulikana kama '''Domingo''' katika soko la [[Japan]] na '''Libero''' katika masoko ya [[Europe|Ulaya]] isipokuwa [[United Kingdom|Uingereza]], [[Iceland]], [[Benelux]] na [[Sweden]], ni gari lenye kabini juu ya injini aina ya [[microvan]] lililotengenezwa kuanzia mwaka 1983 hadi 1998. Nchini [[Belgium|Ubelgiji]], lilijulikana kama '''Combi'''. Nchini [[Sweden]], lilijulikana kama '''Columbuss''' (''buss'' likimaanisha "basi" kwa Kiswidi), na nchini [[Taiwan]] kizazi cha baadaye kiliuzwa kama '''Estratto'''. Katika baadhi ya maeneo pia liliitwa '''Subaru E10''' na '''Subaru E12''' mtawalia, majina yaliyorejelea ukubwa wa injini. Muuzaji wa Subaru nchini [[Germany|Ujerumani]] alichagua jina Libero baada ya mashindano ya umma ya kutafuta jina yaliyofanyika mwaka 1984. Jina Sumo, lililotumiwa katika masoko mengi yanayozungumza [[English|Kiingereza]], lilikusudiwa kuashiria asili ya gari kutoka Japan na nguvu ya [[Sumo|mcheza sumo]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Magari ya Subaru]] [[Jamii:Microvan]] [[Jamii:Magari ya Japan]] [[Jamii:Magari ya kibiashara]] mb2ss3bvhln2ui49ni0im23wr9127io Suzuki Carry 0 248300 1593982 2026-09-02T10:22:39Z Bigvai Muhoti 57103 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Suzuki Carry''' ({{lang-ja|スズキ・キャリイ}}, [[Hepburn romanization|Hepburn]]: ''Suzuki Kyarī'') ni [[Kei truck|lori la kei]] linalotengenezwa na mtengenezaji wa magari wa Japan [[Suzuki]]. Toleo la [[microvan]] hapo awali liliitwa Carry van hadi mwaka 1982, ambapo matoleo ya vani za abiria yalibadilishwa jina na kuwa [[Suzuki Every]] ({{lang-ja|スズキ・エブリイ}}, [[Hepburn romanization|Hepburn]]: ''Suzuki Eburī''). Nchini [[Japan]...' 1593982 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Suzuki Carry''' ({{lang-ja|スズキ・キャリイ}}, [[Hepburn romanization|Hepburn]]: ''Suzuki Kyarī'') ni [[Kei truck|lori la kei]] linalotengenezwa na mtengenezaji wa magari wa Japan [[Suzuki]]. Toleo la [[microvan]] hapo awali liliitwa Carry van hadi mwaka 1982, ambapo matoleo ya vani za abiria yalibadilishwa jina na kuwa [[Suzuki Every]] ({{lang-ja|スズキ・エブリイ}}, [[Hepburn romanization|Hepburn]]: ''Suzuki Eburī''). Nchini [[Japan]], Carry ni [[kei car|gari la kei]], lakini modeli za masoko ya nje na matoleo yake ziliwekewa injini zenye ujazo wa hadi lita 1.6. Zimeuzwa chini ya majina mengi tofauti katika nchi kadhaa, na ni gari pekee ambalo limewahi kutolewa likiwa na chapa za [[Chevrolet]] pamoja na [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Magari ya Suzuki]] [[Jamii:Kei trucks]] [[Jamii:Microvan]] [[Jamii:Magari ya Japan]] [[Jamii:Magari ya kibiashara]] 10zczvmcjxdrxk6d2lj9nywc0upp44y Suzuki Eeco 0 248301 1593983 2026-09-02T10:23:39Z Bigvai Muhoti 57103 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Suzuki Eeco''' (toleo lililoboreshwa la '''Suzuki Versa''') ni [[microvan]] inayotengenezwa na [[Suzuki]] kupitia kampuni yake tanzu nchini India, [[Maruti Suzuki]], tangu mwaka 2010. Ni toleo lililorahisishwa la Versa iliyositishwa, ambayo yenyewe ilikuwa toleo la India la [[Suzuki Carry#Plus|Suzuki Every Plus / Landy]], ambayo ni toleo lililorefushwa la vani ya kizazi cha kumi cha [[Suzuki Carry#DA52|Carry]]. Pia ni modeli ya kiwango cha kuanzia iliyo...' 1593983 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Suzuki Eeco''' (toleo lililoboreshwa la '''Suzuki Versa''') ni [[microvan]] inayotengenezwa na [[Suzuki]] kupitia kampuni yake tanzu nchini India, [[Maruti Suzuki]], tangu mwaka 2010. Ni toleo lililorahisishwa la Versa iliyositishwa, ambayo yenyewe ilikuwa toleo la India la [[Suzuki Carry#Plus|Suzuki Every Plus / Landy]], ambayo ni toleo lililorefushwa la vani ya kizazi cha kumi cha [[Suzuki Carry#DA52|Carry]]. Pia ni modeli ya kiwango cha kuanzia iliyochukua nafasi ya [[Maruti Omni|Omni]], ambayo ilisitishwa mwaka 2019 baada ya Suzuki kushindwa kuibuni upya Omni ili ikidhi viwango vya usalama vya India. Tangu mwaka 2022, Eeco imekuwa ikisafirishwa kwenda katika masoko kama vile [[Middle East|Mashariki ya Kati]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Magari ya Suzuki]] [[Jamii:Microvan]] [[Jamii:Magari ya Maruti Suzuki]] [[Jamii:Magari ya India]] 0lh6o4kx02ljd3l4wpoxwr4nst1jk82 Suzuki Every 0 248302 1593984 2026-09-02T10:27:10Z Bigvai Muhoti 57103 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Suzuki Every''' ({{lang-ja|スズキ・エブリイ}}, [[Hepburn romanization|Hepburn]]: ''Suzuki Eburī'') ni [[microvan]] inayotengenezwa na mtengenezaji wa magari wa Japan [[Suzuki]]. Nchini [[Japan]], Every ni [[kei car|gari la kei]], lakini Suzuki Every Plus, ambalo ni toleo kubwa zaidi la Every, lilikuwa na [[hood|boneti]] ndefu zaidi kwa madhumuni ya usalama pamoja na injini kubwa zaidi; pia kulikuwa na matoleo na derivatives kwa ajili ya masoko...' 1593984 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Suzuki Every''' ({{lang-ja|スズキ・エブリイ}}, [[Hepburn romanization|Hepburn]]: ''Suzuki Eburī'') ni [[microvan]] inayotengenezwa na mtengenezaji wa magari wa Japan [[Suzuki]]. Nchini [[Japan]], Every ni [[kei car|gari la kei]], lakini Suzuki Every Plus, ambalo ni toleo kubwa zaidi la Every, lilikuwa na [[hood|boneti]] ndefu zaidi kwa madhumuni ya usalama pamoja na injini kubwa zaidi; pia kulikuwa na matoleo na derivatives kwa ajili ya masoko ya nje. Tangu mwaka 1999, jina la modeli limegawanywa, ambapo magari ya kibiashara huitwa '''Every''' na magari ya abiria huitwa '''Every Wagon'''. Kuanzia kizazi cha tano, Every ilianza kutumia muundo tofauti kabisa. Kulingana na Suzuki, jina la Every linamaanisha "popote". == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Magari ya Suzuki]] [[Jamii:Microvan]] [[Jamii:Kei cars]] [[Jamii:Magari ya Japan]] [[Jamii:Magari ya kibiashara]] 9upqi3l3d4yup0b80eq6hxlymz5el23 Suzuki Palette 0 248303 1593985 2026-09-02T10:28:55Z Bigvai Muhoti 57103 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Suzuki Palette''' ni [[kei car|gari la kei]] lililotengenezwa na [[Suzuki]] kuanzia Januari 2008 hadi Februari 2013. Suzuki Palette lina milango miwili ya nyuma ya [[sliding door (car)|kuteleza]], na lilishindana moja kwa moja na [[Daihatsu Tanto]]. Mwaka 2009, modeli za Suzuki Palette S zenye kiwango cha juu cha vifaa zilibadilishwa na '''Suzuki Palette SW''', ambayo muundo wake wa mbele ulioboreshwa uliwekwa ili kushindana vizuri zaidi na Daihatsu T...' 1593985 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Suzuki Palette''' ni [[kei car|gari la kei]] lililotengenezwa na [[Suzuki]] kuanzia Januari 2008 hadi Februari 2013. Suzuki Palette lina milango miwili ya nyuma ya [[sliding door (car)|kuteleza]], na lilishindana moja kwa moja na [[Daihatsu Tanto]]. Mwaka 2009, modeli za Suzuki Palette S zenye kiwango cha juu cha vifaa zilibadilishwa na '''Suzuki Palette SW''', ambayo muundo wake wa mbele ulioboreshwa uliwekwa ili kushindana vizuri zaidi na [[Daihatsu Tanto Custom]]. Tangu kuongezwa kwa SW, aina mbalimbali za Suzuki Palette kwa ujumla zilifanya vizuri katika chati za mauzo. Tarehe 1 Desemba 2009, '''Nissan Roox''' ilizinduliwa, ikiwa toleo la [[OEM]] la Suzuki Palette ambalo lilionyeshwa kwa mara ya kwanza katika [[Tokyo Motor Show]] ya mwaka 2009. Nissan Roox Highway Star ni Suzuki Palette SW iliyobadilishwa chapa. Tarehe 26 Juni 2012, '''Mazda Flair Wagon''' ilizinduliwa, ikiwa toleo jingine la Palette lililotengenezwa chini ya [[OEM]]. Palette ilibadilishwa mwezi Februari 2013 na [[Suzuki Spacia]], huku [[Mazda Flair]] Wagon mpya inayolingana ikizinduliwa wakati huohuo. Nissan Roox ilisitiswa na nafasi yake kuchukuliwa na [[Nissan Dayz Roox]], modeli mpya iliyobuniwa kwa pamoja na [[Mitsubishi Motors]]. Mwaka 2020, jina la modeli '''Roox''' lilirejea kama mbadala wa Dayz Roox. Roox mpya imetokana na kizazi cha pili cha [[Mitsubishi eK|eK Space]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Magari ya Suzuki]] [[Jamii:Kei cars]] [[Jamii:Magari ya Japan]] mlb4dg5htix5jowy89wuvck091liqvl Kiddu Makubuya 0 248304 1593989 2026-09-02T11:36:34Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1593989 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kiddu Makubuya''' ([[30 Julai]] [[1949]] – [[19 Agosti]] [[2024]]) alikuwa [[mwanasheria]], [[mwanasiasa]] na msomi wa [[Uganda]]. Aliwahi kuwa [[Waziri]] wa Majukumu ya Jumla katika Ofisi ya [[Waziri Mkuu]]. Aliteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo tarehe [[27 Mei]] [[2011]], akimrithi Janat Mukwaya, ambaye alistaafu kutoka katika [[siasa]] za uchaguzi. Kabla ya hapo, kuanzia mwaka [[2005]] hadi [[2011]], aliwahi kuwa Mwanasheria Mkuu wa Uganda. Alijiuzulu kutoka Baraza la Mawaziri tarehe [[16 Februari]] [[2012]] amidaiwa kuhusishwa na tuhuma za matumizi mabaya ya [[fedha]] za [[serikali]]. Pia alikuwa [[Mbunge]], akiwakilisha Katikamu County South katika [[Wilaya]] ya [[Luweero]]. == Kazi ya kisiasa == Makubuya alijiunga na siasa mwaka [[1988]]. Mwaka [[1996]] alichaguliwa kuwa Mbunge wa Katikamu South Constituency katika Wilaya ya Luweero. Baadaye aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Nchi anayeshughulikia Luweero Triangle katika [[Ofisi]] ya Rais. Mwaka 1998, ofisi yake kama Waziri wa Nchi anayeshughulikia Pembetatu ya Luweero ilihamishiwa katika Ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu. == Kifo == Makubuya alifariki nchini Uganda tarehe 19 Agosti 2024, akiwa na umri wa [[miaka]] 75.<ref>https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/ex-attorney-general-kiddu-makubuya-dies-at-75-4730076</ref><ref>https://www.pulse.ug/story/kiddu-makubuya-biography-2024090308145992999</ref><ref>https://ugandaradionetwork.net/story/former-attorney-general-kiddu-makubuya-is-dead</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1949]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2024]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Uganda]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Uganda]] <references />{{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} b5xtc7vcleb6v1gq5e6mgvce35t5ihs Lawrence Sebalu 0 248305 1593990 2026-09-02T11:55:51Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1593990 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Enrollment Dehli Feb 1959 (cropped).png|thumb|Lawrence Sebalu]] '''Lawrence Sebalu''' ([[23 Mei]] [[1931]] – [[4 Agosti]] [[1987]]) alikuwa [[mwanasheria]], [[mchumi]], [[mfanyabiashara]] na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Uganda]] ambaye aliwahi kuwa [[Waziri]] wa [[Fedha]], Mipango na Maendeleo ya Kiuchumi kuanzia [[mwaka]] [[1961]] hadi [[1962]], na tena mwezi [[Mei]] [[1980]]. Katika kipindi chake cha kwanza, alikuwa mtetezi wa [[uhuru]] wa Uganda kutoka [[Uingereza]] na alitetea mabadiliko ya [[uchumi]] wa Uganda uliotegemea [[kilimo]] kwa kuanzisha uzalishaji wa mazao mbalimbali. == Wasifu == === Maisha ya awali === Lawrence Kyompitira Mayanja (LKM) Sebalu alizaliwa tarehe 23 Mei 1931, akiwa [[mtoto]] wa Isaaka Kyompitira, mfanyabiashara wa [[ng’ombe]], na Emirina Namusisi wa Kijiji cha Namere, Kata ya Kyampisi, [[Wilaya]] ya [[Mukono]]. Sehemu ya [[familia]] yake ilihamia katika Kijiji cha Wabikookooma kilichokuwa karibu, katika Kata ya Nabbaale, ambako alirithi [[ardhi]] akiwa mtoto mdogo na kuanza [[shule]] katika St. Joseph's Mixed Primary Naggalama. Baadaye alihamia St. Peter's Nsambya kabla ya kujiunga na Namilyango College kwa ajili ya [[elimu]] ya [[sekondari]].<ref>https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/people-power/kiwanuka-his-13-member-cabinet-swear-in-after-one-year-wait-1746992</ref><ref>https://chimpreports.com/every-aspect-of-prof-lawrence-mukiibis-life-was-a-lecture-dr-ssebalu/</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1931]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1987]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Uganda]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Uganda]] [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Uganda]] <references />{{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} sqf8tc97c0jnngceaqjqib8xctw9caq