Wikipedia swwiki https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mwanzo MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.23 first-letter Media Maalum Majadiliano Mtumiaji Majadiliano ya mtumiaji Wikipedia Majadiliano ya Wikipedia Faili Majadiliano ya faili MediaWiki Majadiliano ya MediaWiki Kigezo Majadiliano ya kigezo Msaada Majadiliano ya msaada Jamii Majadiliano ya jamii Lango Majadiliano ya lango Wikichanzo Majadiliano ya Wikichanzo TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 2694 1606641 1582261 2026-10-10T00:07:34Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606641 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:AF-kindergarten.jpg|thumb|Darasa la [[chekechea]] nchini [[Afghanistan]].]] [[Picha:Inukshuk Monterrey 1.jpg|thumb|Darasa la shule ya msingi [[Meksiko]].]] [[Picha:5th Floor Lecture Hall.jpg|thumb|right|Darasa la chuoni [[New York City]].]] [[Picha:Class motivation Hill Farm primary school nyeri.jpg|thumb|Mwalimu akifundisha shule ya msingi ]] '''Elimu''' kwa [[maana]] pana ni [[tendo]] au uzoefu wenye [[athari]] ya kujenga [[akili]], [[tabia]] ama [[uwezo]] wa kimaumbile wa mtu binafsi. Katika [[dhana]] ya ki[[ufundi]], elimu ni [[njia]] ambayo hutumiwa ma[[kusudi]] na jamii kupitisha [[maarifa]], [[ujuzi]] na [[maadili]] kutoka kwa [[kizazi]] kimoja hadi kingine. [[Walimu]] katika [[taasisi]] za elimu huratibisha elimu ya [[wanafunzi]] wao kupitia masomo kama vile ya kuandika, kusoma, kuhesabu ([[hisabati]]), [[sayansi]] na [[historia]]. [[Mbinu]] hii wakati mwingine huitwa masomo haswa tunaporejelea [[somo]] la aina fulani, kwa kawaida mbinu hii hutumiwa na ma[[profesa]] katika taasisi za masomo ya juu. Kuna [[elimu maalumu]] kwa wale wanaohitaji ujuzi wa kitaaluma, kama vile wanaohitaji kuwa [[rubani|marubani]]. Juu ya hayo, kuna nafasi nyingi za elimu katika viwango vingine visivyo rasmi kama vile [[Makumbusho|majumba ya ukumbusho]], [[maktaba]] pamoja na [[mtandao]] na [[tajriba]] za [[maisha]]. [[File:Distributed Intelligent Systems Department laboratory.jpg|thumb|Wanachuo katika maabara, [[Saint Petersburg State Polytechnical University]], [[Urusi]]]] [[Haki ya kusoma]] imeweza kuelezwa kuwa [[haki ya msingi ya binadamu]] katika [[kifungu]] cha pili cha [[itifaki]] ya kwanza ya maagano ya [[haki za binadamu]] barani [[Ulaya]] kuanzia mwaka wa [[1952]] ambapo wanachama wote wanashurutishwa kuhakikisha [[elimu kwa wote]]. Katika kiwango cha kimataifa, Mapatano ya [[Umoja wa Mataifa]] ya haki za [[Uchumi|kiuchumi]], za [[Jamii|kijamii]] na za [[Utamaduni|kiutamaduni]] katika mwaka wa [[1966]] yanahakikisha haki hii katika kifungu cha 13. == Mifumo ya elimu rasmi == Elimu ni dhana inayorejelea namna ambayo wanafunzi wanaweza kujifunza kitu: * ''Mwongozo'' hurejelea urahisishaji wa somo na hulenga kutambua shabaha zilizobuniwa na mwalimu au mbinu zingine za kufunza. * ''Kufunza'' hurejelea matendo halisi ya mwalimu yanayonuia kupasha elimu kwa wanafunzi. * ''Kujifunza'' hurejelea masomo yenye mtazamo unaolenga kuwapa wanafunzi elimu, ujuzi na uwezo unaoweza kutumika punde tu wakamilishapo kipindi cha masomo. == Elimu ya msingi == [[Picha:Teaching Bucharest 1842.jpg|thumb|right|Shule ya msingi ya wazi. Mwalimu (kuhani) na darasa nje ya jiji la [[Bukarest]], mwaka [[1842]].]] Masomo ya msingi huchukua kati ya miaka 5-7 ya kwanza ya elimu rasmi. Kwa jumla elimu ya juu hujumulisha miaka 6-8 ya masomo kuanzia mwaka wa tano au sita, lakini hutofautiana baina na kati ya nchi. Asilimia 70 ya watoto waliotimu umri wa kujiunga na shule hujiandikisha katika masomo ya msingi kote ulimwenguni na viwango hivi vinaongezeka.<ref>UNESCO, elimu kwa wote Ufuatiliaji Report 2008, Net Enrollment Rate katika elimu ya msingi</ref> Chini ya Elimu kwa mipango yote inaendeshwa na [[UNESCO]], nchi nyingi wana nia ya kufanikisha zima uandikishaji katika elimu ya msingi ifikapo mwaka 2015, na katika nchi nyingi, ni lazima kwa watoto kupata elimu ya msingi.Chini ya mpango wa elimu kwa wote ulioanzishwa na Shirika la Elimu, Sayansi na utamaduni la Umoja Wa Mataifa (UNESCO), nchi nyingi zimejitolea. == Elimu ya sekondari (shule za upili) == [[File:Iraqi schoolgirls.jpg|thumb|right|220 px|Wasichana katika shule ya sekondari huko [[Iraq]].]] Katika mifumo ya kisasa ya elimu ulimwenguni, elimu ya shule za upili au sekondari huchukua kipindi cha pili cha elimu rasmi ambayo hutokea wakati wa ujana wa wanafunzi. Mfumo huu hutofautian na masomo ya msingi ambayo ni ya lazima, ni ya jumla na yanayofanana. Yale ya shule za upili ni teule na ya hiari. Shule hizi hujulikana kama sekondari, shule za upili, shule za kati, vyuo au shule za ujuzi wa kitaalamu kulingana na kipindi au mfumo unaofuatwa. Maana ya dhana hizi hutofautiana kutoka mfumo mmoja hadi mwingine. Mpaka kamili kati ya elimu ya msingi na ya upili hutofautiana kutoka nchi moja hadi nyingine. Tofauti hizi zipo hata katika nchi lakini kwa kijumla hutokea kati ya mwaka wa saba na wa kumi wa kusoma. Elimu ya sekondari hutokea katika umri wa ujana. Nchini [[Marekani]] na [[Kanada]] elimu ya msingi na sekondari kwa pamoja hurejelewa kama elimu ya [[K-12]] na katika nchini ya [[Nyuzilandi]], elimu hii hurejelewa kama elimu ya miaka 1-13. Azma ya elimu ya sekondari ni kutoa maarifa ya kawaida, kutayarisha wanafunzi kwa elimu ya juu au kuwafunza watu kazi moja kwa moja. Elimu ya sekondari iliibuka nchini Marekani mwaka wa 1910 na ilisababishwa na kuwepo kwa biashara kubwa na maendeleo ya kiteknolojia viwandani. Ili kuafikia mahitaji ya kazi, shule za upili zilijengwa na mtaala uliolenga maarifa ya kazi za ofisi na za sulubu ukazinduliwa. Hii ilibainika kuwa njia ya manufaa kwa mwajiri kwani uimarishaji wa huduma za kibinadamu uliwafanya waajiriwa kuwa madhubuti kazini na kushusha gharama kwa waajiri huku waajiriwa wakinufaika na mishahara minono ikilinganishwa na waliokuwa na elimu ya msingi pekee. Barani Ulaya, shule za sarufi au akademia zilikuwepo hata katika miaka ya 1500. Shule za umma au zile za kulipa karo au hata shule za ufadhili na wakfu zina historia ndefu zaidi. Tunapaswa [[jitihada|kujitahidi]] katika kuhamasisha elimu ya [[sekondari]] kwani huwezesha kufikia [[chuo kikuu]]. == Elimu ya juu == [[Picha:ClareCollegeAndKingsChapel.jpg|right|thumb|[[Chuo Kikuu cha Cambridge]] ni taasisi ya elimu ya juu.]] [[Elimu ya juu]], yaani ile ya baada ya [[shule ya upili]] au elimu ya awamu ya tatu, si ya lazima. Elimu hii kwa kawaida hujumulisha viwango vya [[shahada]] pamoja na elimu ya ujuzi wa kitaalamu. Kwa jumla elimu ya juu hutolewa na [[vyuo]] na [[vyuo vikuu]] na huambatana na kutolewa kwa vyeti, [[stashahada]] za [[diploma]] na [[shahada]] za [[digrii]] kitaaluma. Masomo ya juu hujumuisha elimu, utafiti na huduma za jamii na katika uwanja wa elimu, hujumulisha viwango vya shahada ya kwanza na nyingine za juu. Elimu ya juu aghalabu huhusu kufuzu katika kiwango cha shahada ya kwanza, ya [[uzamili]] na ya [[uzamifu]]. Idadi kubwa ya watu katika nchi zilizoendelea (hadi kufikia asilimia 50) wameweza kupata elimu ya juu wakati fulani maishani mwao. Kwa hiyo, elimu ya juu ni muhimu kwa uchumi wa taifa, ni kiwanda cha pekee ambacho huzalisha wafanyakazi walioelimika. Katika [[nchi maskini]] serikali zinatakiwa kuongeza mikopo kwa wanafunzi wa vyuoni ili waweze kupata elimu hiyo na kusonga mbele, kwa kuwa elimu ni [[ufunguo]] wa [[maisha]]. == Elimu ya watu wazima == Elimu ya ngumbaru au ya watu wazima imekuwa kawaida katika nchi nyingi. Elimu hii huchukua maumbo mengi yakiwemo elimu rasmi darasani, elimu ya binafsi na [[masomo ya mtandao]]. Idadi fulani ya kozi za kazi maalum kama vile [[elimu ya mifugo]], masuala ya [[madawa]], [[uwekezaji]], [[uhasibu]] na kozi nyinginezo kwa sasa hupatikana mtandaoni. == Elimu mbadala == [[Elimu mbadala]], ambayo pia hujulikana kama ''elimu isiyo rasmi'', ni dhana yenye maana pana na inayoweza kutumiwa kurejelea aina zote za elimu zilizo nje ya elimu ya kawaida (kwa watu wote na viwango vyote vya elimu). Hujumuisha si tu mitindo ya elimu inayokusudiwa wanafunzi wenye mahitaji ya pekee lakini pia mitindo inayolenga hadhira ya jumla na kutumia mitindo na [[falsafa ya elimu|falsafa badala ya elimu]]. Elimu mbadala mara nyingi huwa matokeo ya mabadiliko katika elimu yaliyotokea katika misingi mbalimbali ya [[falsafa]] ambayo kwa kawaida ni tofauti na elimu ya jadi ya lazima. Mabadiliko mengine yana misingi ya kisasa, kiutafiti au kifalsafa, ilhali mengine ni miungano isiyo rasmi kati ya walimu na wanafunzi wasioridhika na masuala fulani ya elimu hiyo ya jadi. Elimu mbadala hii ambayo ni pamoja na shule za tabia, shule badala, shule zinazojitegemea na [[masomo ya nyumbani]] hutofautiana pakubwa, lakini zote hutilia maanani umuhimu wa [[idadi]] ndogo ya wanafunzi darasani na mahusiano ya karibu kati ya [[wanafunzi]] na [[walimu]]. Vilevile husababisha hali ya umoja. == Elimu ya asili == Kuongezwa kwa ruwaza za elimu ya asili (mbinu na maudhui yake) ndani ya elimu badala katika eneo la mfumo wa elimu rasmi na elimu isiyo rasmi kumewakilisha kipengele muhimu kilichochangia ufanisi wa mfumo wa elimu asili kwa wanajamii asili walioamua kufuata njia hii; hii ikiwa ni pamoja na wanafunzi na walimu. Kuingizwa kwa mbinu za asili kama vile kujua, kusoma, kuelekeza, kufunza na kusoma kama njia nzuri ya kuhakikisha kuwa wanafunzi/wanagenzi na walimu/waelekezi wanaweza kufaidika kutokana na elimu kwa njia ya kiasili iliyokuza, kutumia na kuendeleaza uhamasishaji wa tamaduni za kiasili.<ref> Se Merriam et al. ''Kujifunza kwa watu wazima: A Comprehensive Guide'' (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2007). Sharan Miriam, Rosemary Caffarella na Lisa Baumgartner wameandika kuwa tunahitaji kuangalia kwa karibu ndani ya mipaka yetu wenyewe, wenyeji wa marekani kwa mfano….. ili kupata mifumo haswa ya fikra na imani zikiwa ndani ya thamani za tamaduni tofauti na mifumo ya epistemilojia ambayo inaweza kutumiwa kupanua uelewa wetu juu ya elimu ya ngumbaru.(uk 218). Merriam wanaendelea kueleza kuwa, azma nyingine ya kupata ufahamu juu ya mifumo mingine ya maarifa, ni faida ambayo maarifa yatakuwa nayo kuathiri utendakazi wetu na wanafunzi walio na mtizamo tofauti isipokuwa ile ya kimagharibi. Antone na Gamlin (2004) kwa mfano wanatoa sababu kuwa programu za kujua kusoma na kuandika za watu asili lazima ziwe zaidi ya kusoma, kuhesabu na kuandika ambako hulenga kufikia ajira kuu' (uk 26). Kwa hakika elimu halisi inahusu kuhifadhi mtazamo maalum na kudumisha tamaduni tofauti na za lazima. Kujua kusoma na kuandika kunahusu kuashiria tena na kutafsiri tena uzoefu uliopita, na kwa wakati huo kuheshimu maadili ya jadi. Uwezo wa kusoma na kuandika kuhusu “kuishi” maadili haya kwa wakati wa sasa. Uwezo huu wa kusoma na wa kuandika unahusu kuwa na maono ya siku za usoni. Asili ya uwezo wa kusoma na kuandika itakuzwa na kupata maelezo katika yote yanayofanywa. Hivyo, programu za asili ya kuweza kusoma na kuandika zinafaa kulenga mtazamo pana unaotambua njia za kipekee ambazo watu asili huwakilisha uzoefu na maarifa yao.(uk 26). Mara kwa mara Merriam na wenzake pia hurejelea mahitaji haya ya “Kutanua uelewa wa elimu ya ngumbaru” kwa kupitia enzi ya utamaduni nyeti nadharia zinazohusiana na mwingiliano wa ndani kati ya masomo na muktadha wa jamii. Kwa kawaida hutazamwa kwa muktadha wa maadili yanayotofautiana, imani, uzoefu, taswira na mazingira yanayowiana na njia za kale na mbinu asili pamoja na fikra za kibinafsi na za kijumla. Kwa mfano katika majadiliano yao, majaribio ya kusoma, waandishi wanatoa maoni kuwa, katika kukubali ujuzi na masomo kutoka kwa uzoefu kama tukio la kitamaduni, taswira … na wasomi wa kisasa huwa muhimu. Kati ya matokeo ya fikra muhimu kuhusu utambuzi kutoka kwa mwegemeo wa utamaduni ni uhakiki ambao umeendelezwa kuhusu nadharia ya elimu ya kale na uzoefu … Muhimu kati ya hizi changanuzi ni changamoto kwa fikra asili kuwa kusoma ni jambo linalofanyika ndani ya mtu binafsi. Kwa hakika, kusoma hujumuisha maingiliano ya wanafunzi na mazingira ya jamii wanamokulia.(uk 180). </ref> Kwa wanafunzi au wagenzi na walimu au waelekezi, kuwekwa pamoja kwa mbinu hizi mara nyingi huongeza fanaka, matarajio na matokeo ya elimu. Hili huafikiwa kwa kutoa elimu inayooana na taswira zao za asili, mazoea na mitiazamo yao ya ulimwengu. Kwa wanafunzi na walimu wasio wa asili, elimu ya aina hii ina athari ya kuongeza ufahamu wa tamaduni zao za kibinafsi na mazoea ya jumla ya umma na watu wanaowazunguka, hivyo basi kukuza heshima na kuthamini tamaduni za wanajamii hizo. Katika elimu na mafunzo, kujumuishwa kwa maarifa ya kiasili, tamaduni, maono, mitazamo na dhana katika mitaala, vifaa vya kuelekeza na vitabu vya kozi vina athari kubwa kama ile ya kujumuisha mbinu za asili katika elimu ambayo hunufaisha walimu na wanafunzi katika usambamba wa masomo, kufaulu na matokeo ya masomo hayo. Ambayo hunufaisha walimu na wanafunzi katika usambamba wa masomo, kufaulu na matokeo ya masomo hayo. Walimu na wanafunzi wa kisasa wana heshima, hamasa na maridhio kwa jamii na watu wa kienyeji kutokana na elimu husishi wanayopata.<ref>^Tazama kwa ujumla R.A Malatest na wenzake . ''Best Practices katika Kuongeza Aboriginal Post-sekondari Enrollment Rates'' (Kanada: Baraza la Mawaziri wa Elimu, Kanada, 2002) na Dr Pamela Toulouse, ''Kusaidia Aboriginal Student Success: Self-Esteem na Identity, A Hai Mafundisho strategin'' (Presentation mikononi katika Utafiti wa Elimu Ontario 2007 Kongamano) [http://www.edu.gov.on.ca/eng/research/toulouse.pdf]</ref> Mfano mkuu unaoonyesha mbinu na maudhui ya asili yanaweza kukuza matokeo yaliyotajwa hapo juu undhihirika katika elimu ya juu nchini Kanada. Kwa sababu ya sheria fulani, dhamira ya kuongeza mafanikio kwa wanafunzi wa elimu asili na kukuza maadili ya jamii ya kitamanduni, kuingizwa kwa mbinu na maudhui ya asili katika elimu huonwa kuwa jukumu na wajibu wa serikali na taasisi za elimu zenye mamlaka.<ref>Katika mkoa wa Manitoba nchini Kanada kwa mfano, juhudi za pamoja kati ya serikali na taasisi za elimu (vyuo na vyuo vikuu) kumesababisha utekelezaji wa programu 13 za Access. Programu hizi hutilia maanani mbinu na maudhui ya kale katika upokezi wa elimu ya juu; na pia huwapa wanafunzi misaada mbalimbali ya tamaduni nyeti (kama vile wazee na washauri) ili kuzidisha mafanikio katika elimu ya juu. Watetezi wa programu hizi mara nyingi husisitiza kuwa kati ya miaka ya 2001/2002 na 2005/2006 (data iliyopatikana ya hivi karibuni) jumla ya wanafunzi 800 walihitimu kutoka kwa programu hizi na vyeti na asilimia 70.8 ya wanafunzi waliojiandikisha katika miaka hii walikuwa wa usuli wa asili. Takwimu hizi zimetolewa kutoka kur. 141-143 za ''Manitoba '' ''Council on Post-Secondary Education Statistical Compendium for the Academic Years Ending in 2006'' [https://web.archive.org/web/20080923190414/http://www.copse.mb.ca/en/documents/compendium2007/chapter_5.pdf] halmashauri ya Manitoba kuhusu elimu ya juu. Kulingana na watetezi hawa, kuwekwa pamoja kwa mitindo asili ya elimu ndani ya programu hizo zinazolenga wanafunzi asili, ni kipengele muhimu kinachochangia kukamilika kwa elimu ya juu ya wanafunzi asili waliokisiwa kuwa 566 ambao hawangetarajiwa kuhitimu kiwango hiki cha mafanikio.</ref> == Mchakato == == Mitaala == Somo la taaluma ni tawi la elimu ambalo hufunzwa kirasmi katika vyuo vikuu ama kupitia njia zingine kama hizo. Kwa kawaida, kila somo huwa na masomo mengine ama matawi na mipaka ya kuyabainisha mara nyingi huwa si dhahiri na na mara nyingine husababisha utata. Mifano ya masomo ya kitaaluma yenye upana ni kama vile sayansi asilia, hesabu, sayansi ya komputa, sayansi za jamii, sayansi za binadamu na sayansi za matumizi.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.curriculumonline.gov.uk/Default.htm |title=Examples of subjects |publisher=Curriculumonline.gov.uk |date= |accessdate=2009-04-20 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080821105825/http://www.curriculumonline.gov.uk/default.htm |archivedate=2008-08-21 }} {{Wayback|url=http://www.curriculumonline.gov.uk/Default.htm |date=20080821105825 }}</ref> == Mitindo ya kujifunza == Kuna utafiti uliofanywa kuhusu mitindo ya kusoma katika miongo miwili iliyopita. Dunn na Dunn <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.learningstyles.net/ |title=Dunn and Dunn |publisher=Learningstyles.net |date= |accessdate=2009-04-20 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090203210212/http://www.learningstyles.net/ |archivedate=2009-02-03 }}</ref> walilenga kutambua vichangamshi husishi vinavyofanya masomo yavutie na namna ya kutawala mazingira ya shule. Baadaye Joseph RenzulLi <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indiana.edu/~intell/renzulli.shtml |title=Biographer of Renzulli |publisher=Indiana.edu |date= |accessdate=2009-04-20}}</ref> alipendekeza mikAkati tofautitofauti ya kufunza. [[Howard Gardner]]<ref>[http://www.thomasarmstrong.com/multiple_intelligences.htm Thomas Armstrong's website] {{Wayback|url=http://www.thomasarmstrong.com/multiple_intelligences.htm |date=20090321191627 }} detailing Multiple Intelligences</ref> alitambua talanta ama vipaji vya mtu binafsi katika nadharia zake za akili nyingi. Kwa misingi ya kazi za [[Carl Gustav Jung|C. G. Jung]] “Kielezi Aina cha Myers Briggs” na “kitenga tabia cha Keisresy” <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.keirsey.com/ |title=Keirsey web-site |publisher=Keirsey.com |date= |accessdate=2009-04-20}}</ref>vililenga kuelewa jinsi nafsi za watu huathiri uhusiano wa mtu binafsi na zinavyoathiri maelewano ya watu katika mazingira ya kujifunza. Kazi za David Kolib na Anthony Gregorc “jinsi ya kusawiri”<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.algonquincollege.com/edtech/gened/styles.html |title=Type Delineator description |publisher=Algonquincollege.com |date= |accessdate=2009-04-20 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090301064219/http://algonquincollege.com/edtech/gened/styles.html |archivedate=2009-03-01 }}</ref> ” hufuata mfano kama huu lakini uliorahisishwa. Kwa wakati huu, kugawika kwa elimu katika mitindo tofautitofauti hukubalika na wengi. Huenda ikawa kuwa mitindo<ref> Swassing, RH, Barbe, WB, &amp; Milone, MN (1979). ''The Swassing-Barbe'' Mfumo Index: Zaner-Bloser mfumo ''Kit.'' ''Columbus, OH: Zaner-Bloser.'' </ref> ya kujifunza ndiyo ya kawaida:<ref>{{cite web|author=Priscilla Theroux |url=http://members.shaw.ca/priscillatheroux/styles.html |title=Varied Learning Modes |publisher=Members.shaw.ca |date=2004-04-26 |accessdate=2009-04-20}}</ref> * Kuona: Masomo yenye misingi ya kutazama kwa makini na kuona kile kinachosomwa. * Kusikiza: Kusoma kwa misingi ya kusikiliza maelezo/habari. * Masomo husishi: Kusoma kwa misingi ya kutumia mikono na vitendo husishi. Imedaiwa kuwa kulingana na mtindo wa kujifunza unaopendelewa, mbinu tofautitofauti za kufunza huwa na matokeo ya viwango tofauti.<ref> Barbe, WB, &amp; Swassing, RH, pamoja MN Milone. (1979). ''Kufundisha kupitia mfumo uwezo: Dhana na mazoea.'' Columbus, OH: Zaner-Bloser.</ref> Umuhimu wa nadharia hii ni kuwa kunakofaa, inapaswa kutumia mbinu mbalimbali za kufunza zinazojumulisha mitindo yote mitatu ya kufunza ili wanafunzi tofautitofauti wapate fursa ya kujifunza kwa njia inayowafaa.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://library.thinkquest.org/C005704/content_hwl_learningmodalities.php3 |title=Learning mfumo maelezo kutoka Learning Curve website |accessdate=2009-12-07 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080404234142/http://library.thinkquest.org/C005704/content_hwl_learningmodalities.php3 |archivedate=2008-04-04 }}</ref> Guy Claxton ametilia shaka mitindo ya kujifunza kama vile VAK kwani kwa kiasi fulani mitindo hii ina mazoea ya kupachika watoto majina hivyo basi kuwazuia kujifunza.<ref name="titleGuy Claxton speaking on What's The Point of School">{{cite web |url=http://www.dystalk.com/talks/49-whats-the-point-of-school |title=Guy Claxton speaking on What's The Point of School?|publisher=dystalk.com |accessdate=2009-04-23 |format= |work=}}</ref> == Kujifunza == Kujifunza ni kutaka kujua juu ya jambo fulani ambalo hukulijua kabla. Hata jambo zuri kuhusu kujifunza ni kwamba hakuna mtu yeyote mwenye uwezo wa kukiweka mbali nawe kitu hicho ambacho umejifunza. Walimu wanapaswa kuelewa somo vilivyo ili kuwasilisha umuhimu wake kwa wanafunzi. Shabaha hapa ni kuunda misingi ya ujuzi kamili ambayo wanafunzi wanaweza kutumia kujijenga zaidi kwani wamewekwa wazi kwa matukio mbalimbali ya maisha. Walimu wazuri huweza kutafsiri habari kama hukadiria vizuri, hutumia mazoea na hekima hadi kwa elimu husika ambayo mwanafunzi anaweza kuelewa, kuhifadhi na kupititishia wengine. Utafiti kutoka Marekani unatoa maoni kuwa ubora wa walimu ndio kigezo kinachoathiri mafanikio ya wanafunzi, na kuwa nchi zinazopata alama za juu katika [[mtihani]] au majaribio ya kimataifa zimeweka sera chungu nzima zinazohakikisha kuwa walimu wanaoajiriwa ndio bora. <ref name="WRS">{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.mckinsey.com/clientservice/socialsector/resources/pdf/Worlds_School_Systems_Final.pdf |title=/ Jinsi duniani mifumo shule bora hutoka topg |accessdate=2009-12-07 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090824040128/http://www.mckinsey.com/clientservice/socialsector/resources/pdf/Worlds_School_systems_final.pdf |archivedate=2009-08-24 }}</ref> == Teknolojia == [[File:OLPC Haiti.jpg|thumb|right|Tarakilishi mpakato zikitolewa kwa watoto wa [[Haiti]].]] [[Teknolojia]] ni kigezo muhimu katika elimu. [[Tarakilishi]] na [[simu]] za [[rununu]] zinatumiwa katika nchi zilizoendelea kuimarisha elimu iliyothibitishwa na kukuza njia mpya za elimu kama vile elimu ya mtandao (masomo ya mbali). Wanafunzi hupata fursa ya kuchagua wanachotaka kusoma. Kuenea kwa tarakilishi pia kunamaanisha kuongezeka kwa programu za kompyuta na kuongeza habari mtandaoni. Teknolojia hutoa vifaa muhimu vinavohitaji ujuzi mpya na uelewa wa wanafunzi zikiwemo njia nyingi za mawasiliano, na huleta njia mpya za kuhusisha wanafunzi kama vile mazingira ya kujifunza. Teknolojia inatumiwa si tu katika wajibu wa kutawala katika elimu bali pia katika kuwaelekeza wanafunzi. Matumizi ya teknolojia kama vile virusha maandishi (power point) na ubao mweupe hutumiwa kunasa akili za wanafunzi darasani. Teknolojia vilevile hutumiwa kuwatahini wanafunzi. Mfano mzuri ni mfumo wa kuvutia hadhira (ARS),ambao huruhusu majibu ya mitihani moja kwa moja pamoja na majadiliano darasani. Teknolojia pia imekuwa mojawapo wa maktaba katika elimu ambamo vitabu, ripoti za utafiti, tansifu n.k. huchapishwa. Tovuti zinazochapishwa vitabu, ripoti na tansifu zimekuwa za manufaa kwa wasomi. Zinawapa uwezo wa kupata vitabu maalum kwa ujumbe fulani tofauti na maktaba za kizama ambazo humlazimu mtu kusoma kwa urefu na upana kupata ule ujumbe. Tofuati hizi hufuata mpangilio, nyingine zikiruhusu watumizi kupakua vitabu bila malipo, nyingine zina malipo ya muda, ilhali nyingine hulazimu mtu kununua kile kitabu anachokihitaji.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://citationsy.com/blog/download-research-papers-scientific-articles-free-scihub/|title=How to Download Research Papers and Scientific Articles for free|author=Citationsy|date=2018-11-29|language=en|work=The Citationsy Blog|accessdate=2018-12-05T07:44:12Z|archive-date=2018-12-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181205040600/https://citationsy.com/blog/download-research-papers-scientific-articles-free-scihub/|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Teknolojia za habari na mawasiliano]] (ICT) ni "seti ya vifaa na rasilimali mbalimbali zinazotumiwa kuwasiliana, kuunda, kueneza na kuongoza habari."<ref>{{cite web | last = Blurton | first = Craig|title = New Directions of ICT-Use in Education| url=http://www.unesco.org/education/educprog/lwf/dl/edict.pdf |accessdate = 2007-02-06|format=PDF}}</ref> Teknolojia hizi ni pamoja na kompyuta, mtandao, teknolojia za kusambaza habari (redio na televisheni) na simu (kuongea na pia kwa [[ujumbe wa maandishi]]). Kuna mvuto unaoongezeka kuhusu namna tarakilishi na mtandao vinavyoweza kuimarisha elimu katika viwango vyote, yaani mseto wa elimu rasmi na ile isiyo rasmi.<ref> [[b:ICT in Education|IKT katika Elimu]]</ref> Teknolojia za habari na mawasiliano za awali, kama vile [[redio]] na [[televisheni]], zimetumiwa kwa zaidi ya miaka 40 kwa elimu wazi na ile ya mbali, hata hivyo kupiga chapa ndiyo njia nafuu zaidi, inapatikana kwa urahisi, na hivyo basi ni mbinu iliyotawala katika nchi zilizoendelea na zile zinazoendelea.<ref>{{cite web|last=Potashnik, M. and Capper, J.|title=Distance Education:Growth and Diversity|url=http://www.worldbank.org/fandd/english/pdfs/0398/0110398.pdf|accessdate=2007-02-06|format=PDF|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20000919132928/http://www.worldbank.org/fandd/english/pdfs/0398/0110398.pdf|archivedate=2000-09-19}}</ref> Matumizi ya tarakilishi na mtandao (ikiwa vinatumika) bado ni changa katika [[nchi zinazoendelea]], na hii ni kwa sababu miundo msingi ni michache na ghali. Kwa kawaida teknolojia kadhaa hutumiwa kwa pamoja bali si mbinu pekee ya kupokelewa. Kwa mfano, Kothmel Community Radio Internet hutumia matangazo ya redio na kompyuta pamoja na teknolojia ya mtandao, na hivyo hurahisisha kugawa habari na kutoa nafasi za elimu katika [[kijiji]] fulani [[Sri Lanka]].<ref>{{cite web | last = Taghioff | first = Daniel | title = Seeds of Consensus—The Potential Role for Information and Communication Technologies in Development. | url = http://www.btinternet.com/~daniel.taghioff/index.html | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20031012140402/http://www.btinternet.com/~daniel.taghioff/index.html | archivedate = 2003-10-12 | accessdate = 2003-10-12 }}</ref> [[Chuo Kikuu cha Uingereza]] (UKOU) kilichoanzishwa mwaka wa 1969 kama taasisi ya elimu ya kwanza ulimwenguni kujitolea kutoa elimu ya wazi na ya mbali, bado hutegemea vifaa vilivyopigwa chapa na kuongezea redio, runinga na kompyuta.<ref> [http://www.open.ac.uk Open University wa Uingereza] Official website</ref> Vivyo hivyo, Chuo Kikuu cha Indira Gandhi nchini [[India]] huweka pamoja matumizi ya chapa, sauti zilizorekodiwa, video, redio, televisheni na teknolojia ya vielezo vya kusikiza mkutano.<ref>[http://www.ignou.ac.in Indira Gandhi Taifa Open University] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ignou.ac.in |date=20091024074312 }} Official website</ref> Dhana ya “masomo yanayosaidiwa na kompyuta” (CAL) limetumiwa kwa wingi kuelezea teknolojia katika masomo. == Nadharia ya elimu == Nadharia ya elimu ni nadharia ya azma, matumizi na ufafanuzi wa elimu na kusoma. Historia yake inatokana na wataalamu wa elimu kutoka [[Ugiriki]] kuanzia [[karne ya 18]]. Katika karne ya 20 mbinu za kusoma zimetumia nadharia katika kufunza, kutathmini na katika sheria za elimu ambazo hupatikana katika vitengo mbalimbali kama ifuatavyo: == Uchumi == Sababu zimetolewa kuwa kiasi cha juu cha elimu ni muhimu kwa nchi ili kuwezesha ukuaji haraka wa [[uchumi]].<ref> Hanushek, Uchumi Matokeo na Shule ya Quality </ref> Uchunguzi unaotegemea nadharia huunga mkono nadharia za kutabiri kuwa [[nchi maskini]] zinapaswa kukua haraka kuliko [[nchi tajiri]] kwani nchi hizi zinaweza kutumia teknolojia mpya kabisa ambayo imeshajaribiwa na nchi tajiri. Hata hivyo, kuhamisha teknolojia kunahitaji viongozi wenye maarifa na [[wahandisi]] wenye uwezo wa kutumia [[mashine]] mpya ama mazoezi ya uzalishaji yaliyokopwa ili kuziba mpaka kwa miigo. Hivyo basi, uwezo wa nchi wa kujifunza kutoka kwa nchi kiongozi ni jukumu la wafanyakazi wa nchi hiyo.<ref> UCLA Economics Qur'ani 183 kutoka Profesa Boustan</ref> Utafiti wa hivi karibuni wa vitambulishi vya kujumuisha ukuaji wa kiuchumi umesisitiza umuhimu wa vyuo asili vya uchumi<ref> Daron Acemoglu, Simon Johnson, na James A. Robinson, "The kikoloni Chimbuko la Comparative Maendeleo: An Empirical Investigation." ''American Economic Review'' 91, no.5 (Desemba 2001) :1369-1401.</ref> na majukumu ya ujuzi tambuzi.<ref> Eric A. Hanushek, na Ludger Woessmann, "Jukumu la cognitive ujuzi katika maendeleo ya kiuchumi." ''Journal of Economic Literature'' 46, no.3 (Septemba 2008) :607-608.</ref> Katika kiwango cha mtu binafsi, kuna [[maandishi]] yenye uhusiano na kazi ya [[Jacob Mincer]], <ref> Yakobo Mincer, "Mgawanyo wa kazi kipato: utafiti na kumbukumbu maalumu kwa mtaji mbinu." ''Journal of Economic Fasihi'' 8, no.1 (Machi 1970) :1-26.</ref> ya jinsi mapato yanahusiana na elimu na rasilimali ya mtu binafsi. Kazi hii imetia motisha idadi kubwa ya utafiti lakini pia inaelekea kuleta mabishano kwa kiasi fulani. Ubishi mkubwa unahusu jinsi ya kufasiri matokeo ya kusoma.<ref> Angalia, kwa mfano, Daudi Kadi, "Causal elimu juu ya athari za mapato," katika ''uchumi Handbook wa kazi,'' mwisho na Ashenfelter na Daudi Orley Card. Amsterdam: Kaskazini-Holland, 1999:1801-1863; James J. Heckman, Lance J. Lochner, na Petra E. Todd., "Earnings utendaji, viwango vya tiba kurudi na madhara: The Mincer equation na nje," katika ''Handbook ya ya Uchumi wa Elimu,'' mwisho na Eric A. Hanushek na Finis Welch. Amsterdam: Kaskazini Holland, 2006:307-458.</ref> [[Wataalamu wa uchumi]] [[Samwel Bowels]] na [[Herbert Ginits]] walitoa maoni kwamba kulikuwa na ubishi asili katika elimu nchini Marekani kati ya shabaha ya [[demokrasia shirikishi]] yenye [[usawa]] na faida ya mapato ya kibepari yaliyodokeza hali ya kutokuwa na usawa.<ref> Samuel Bowles na Herbert Gintis, ''Elimu katika kibepari Marekani: Educational Mageuzi na utata wa Kiuchumi Life'' (Basic Books, 1976) </ref> == Historia ya elimu == [[Picha:Laurentius de Voltolina 001.jpg|left|thumb|[[Mchoro]] wa [[Chuo Kikuu cha Bologna]], [[Italia]].]] '''Historia ya elimu''' ilianza miaka mingi iliyopita, kwa kuwa [[elimu]] kama [[sayansi]] haiwezi kutengwa na [[utamaduni]] wowote wa elimu iliyokuwepo awali. Wakubwa waliwafunza wadogo wao juu ya [[jamii]] kwa kutumia [[maarifa]] na ujuzi waliohitaji kufahamu na mwishowe kupitisha. Mabadiliko ya utamaduni na [[binadamu]] kama [[spishi]] yalitegemea mazoea ya kupitisha elimu. Katika jamii ambazo hazikujua kusoma, hili liliafikiwa kupitia [[mdomo]] na kuiga. Kusimuliana [[hadithi]] kuliendelezwa kutoka [[kizazi]] kimoja hadi kingine. [[Lugha]] ya mazungumzo iliendelea na kuwa [[ishara]] na [[herufi]]. [[Kina]] na [[upana]] wa elimu au maarifa ulioweza kuhifadhiwa na kupitishwa uliongezeka zaidi na zaidi. Wakati ambapo tamaduni zilianza kupanua elimu zaidi ya ujuzi wa kawaida wa [[mawasiliano]], [[biashara]], [[ukusanyaji chakula]], tunu na [[desturi]] za [[Dini|kidini]] na kadhalika, mwishowe [[elimu rasmi]] na masomo vilifuatia. Kisomo kwa maana hii kilikuwa kimeshaanza nchini [[Misri]] kati ya [[3000 KK|3000]] na [[500 KK]]. Siku hizi aina fulani ya elimu ni jambo la lazima kwa watu wote katika nchi nyingi. Kwa sababu ya ongezeko la watu na kuenea kwa [[elimu ya lazima]], Shirika la Elimu, Sayansi na Utamaduni la Umoja wa Mataifa ([[UNESCO]]) limepiga [[hesabu]] ya kwamba miaka 30 ijayo, watu wengi zaidi ulimwenguni watapata elimu rasmi katika [[historia]] ya binadamu.<ref> Robinson, K.: ''[http://www.ted.com/talks/ken_robinson_says_schools_kill_creativity.html Shule Kill Creation.]'' TED Talks, 2006, Monterrey, CA, USA.</ref> == Falsafa ya elimu == [[Picha:LockeEducation1693.jpg|right|thumb|[[Kitabu]] cha [[John Locke]] "Baadhi ya Mawazo Kuhusu Elimu" kiliandikwa mwaka [[1693]] na bado huonyesha vipaumbele vya elimu ya jadi katika [[Nchi za Magharibi]].]] [[Falsafa ya elimu]] ni [[utafiti]] wa kifalsafa juu ya kusudi, utaratibu na ubora wa [[elimu]] kwa kuchunguza ufafanuzi, malengo na maana ya elimu kwa jumla au ya mtazamo mmojawapo juu yake. [[Falsafa]] ya elimu kwa kawaida huonwa kama [[tawi]] la falsafa na la elimu. Falsafa ya elimu mara nyingi hubaki ndani ya falsafa na elimu, ilhali ni [[falsafa matumizi]], iliyotokana na nyanja za zamani za falsafa ([[ontolojia]], [[maadili]], [[epistemolojia]]) na njia ([[kisia]], taswira na tafiti), mbinu na mtaala, [[nadharia]], kwa kutaja tu chache. == Saikolojia ya elimu == [[Picha:FinnGerberBoydZaharias2005.png|left|thumb|Utafiti nchini Marekani ulionyesha kwamba watoto wa familia zenye kipato cha chini, kwa kuhudhuria madarasa madogo miaka 3 au zaidi ya utotoni, walifaulu zaidi kuhitimu masomo ya juu baadaye. <ref Name=finn> Finn, JD, Gerber, SB, Boyd - Zaharias, J. (2005). Small madarasa katika darasa mapema, mafanikio ya kielimu, na kufuzu kutoka high school. Journal of Educational Psychology, 97, 214-233. </ref>]] [[Saikolojia ya elimu]] ni uchunguzi wa jinsi watu hujifunza katika mandhari ya elimu, ufaafu wa maingiliano ya elimu, saikolojia ya kufunza na saikolojia jamii za shule. Ingawa maneno “saikolojia ya kielimu” na “saikolojia ya shule“ mara nyingi hutumiwa kwa kubadilishana, watafiti na wananadharia wanaweza kutambuliwa kama wanasaikolojia wa elimu, ilhali weledi wanaopatikana shuleni au mandhari yanayoana na shule hujulikana kama wanasaikolojia wa shule. Saikolojia ya elimu inajishughulisha na utaratibu wa kutoa elimu kwa watu na umma kwa jumla na umma mdogo, kama vile watoto wenye vipaji na wale wenye ulemavu. Saikolojia ya elimu inaweza kueleweka kwa sehemu kupitia masomo mengine. Saikolojia ya elimu vilevile huarifiwa na saikolojia, ikileta uhusiano baina ya [[utabibu]] na [[biolojia]]. Saikolojia ya elimu pia huarifu masafa mapana ya masomo maalum yakiwemo mpango wa mafunzo. Teknolojia ya elimu, mtaala uliokuzwa, masomo yaliyopangwa, masomo maalumu, sayansi tambuzi na sayansi masomo. Katika vyuo vikuu, idara za elimu ya saikolojia zimehifadhiwa katika vitivo vya elimu. Hii ni kwa sababu ya uwezekano wa ukosefu wa uwakilishaji wa maudhui ya saikolojia ya elimu katika utangulizi wa [[vitabu]] vya saikolojia. == Sosholojia ya elimu == [[Sosholojia ya elimu]] ni somo linalohusu jinsi taasisi za kijamii na kani huathiri michakato na matokeo ya elimu, na kinyume chake. Kwa wengi, elimu hueleweka kama mbinu ya kushinda vizuizi, kufanikisha usawa na kupata [[amani]] na hadhi kwa wote (Sargent 1994). Wanafunzi wanaweza kutiwa motisha na hamu ya maendeleo na uboreshaji. Elimu hutambuliwa kama mahali ambapo watoto huweza kujikuza kulingana na mahitaji yao ya pekee.<ref> Schofield, K. (1999). "The Malengo ya Elimu", Queensland State Elimu: 2010, [Juu] URL: www.aspa.asn.au / Papers / eqfinalc.PDF [Accessed 2002, 28 Oktoba]</ref> Jukumu la elimu linaweza kuwa ni kukuza mtu binafsi hadi kilele. Uelewa wa shabaha na mbinu za michakato ya utangamano wa kielimu hutofautiana kulingana na dhana ya sosholojia iliyotumika. == Maendeleo ya elimu == [[Picha:Education index UN HDR 2007 2008.PNG|thumb|300px|left|Ramani ya dunia ikionyesha Viwango vya Elimu (kulingana na Ripoti ya Maendeleo ya Binadamu 2007/2008) {| width=100% |- | valign=top | {{legend|#006000|0.950 kwenda juu}} {{legend|#00a000|0.900–0.949}} {{legend|#00d000|0.850–0.899}} {{legend|#00ff00|0.800–0.849}} {{legend|#e0ff00|0.750–0.799}} | valign=top | {{legend|#ffff00|0.700–0.749}} {{legend|#ffdf00|0.650–0.699}} {{legend|#ffc160|0.600–0.649}} {{legend|#ffa552|0.550–0.599}} {{legend|#ff8000|0.500–0.549}} | valign=top | {{legend|#ff0000|0.450–0.499}} {{legend|#a00000|0.400–0.449}} {{legend|#800000|0.350–0.399}} {{legend|#400000|chini ya 0.350}} {{legend|#c0c0c0|hakuna takwimu}} |} ]] Katika [[nchi zinazoendelea]] idadi na uzito wa shida zilizoko kwa kawaida ni kubwa. Watu wa vijijini wakati mwingine huwa hawana habari kuhusu umuhimu wa elimu. Hata hivyo, nchi nyingine zina [[wizara ya elimu]] na katika masomo mengi, kama vile kujifunza lugha za kigeni, kiwango cha elimu kimo juu kuliko katika nchi zilizoendelea. Kwa mfano, katika nchi zinazoendelea ni kawaida kupata wanafunzi wakizungumza lugha nyingi za kigeni kwa usanifu mkubwa, ilhali jambo hili ni nadra katika [[nchi zilizoendelea]] ambapo idadi kubwa ya watu huzungumza lugha moja. Vilevile kuna shinikizo la kiuchumi kutoka kwa wazazi ambao hupendelea watoto wao wapate pesa kwa muda mfupi kuliko faida za elimu ya muda mrefu. Utafiti wa hivi karibuni kuhusu ajira ya watoto na umasikini zimependekeza kuwa familia zilizokumbwa na umasikini zinapofikia kiwango fulani cha kukidhi mahitaji yao ya kimsingi, wazazi huwarejesha watoto wao shuleni. Hii imethibitshwa kuwa kweli mara tu kizingiti kinapovukwa. Hata kama uwezekano wa thamani ya kiuchumi ya ajira ya watoto inaongezeka baada yao kurudishwa shuleni. [[Picha:Graduates in tertiary education-thousands.jpg|thumb|Urusi ina wahitimu wengi kuliko nchi nyingine yoyote katika Ulaya.]] Ukosefu wa vyuo vikuu bora na kiwango cha chini cha kukubalika katika vyuo hivi ni dhahiri katika nchi zilizo na idadi kubwa ya watu. Baadhi za nchi zina mitaala mikuu inayoweza kubadilika kwa urahisi, inayofanana na yenye miundo zaidi. * Kutokana na utandawazi shinikizo kwa wanafunzi katika shughuli za mtaala zimeongezeka * Kuondolewa kwa asili mia fulani ya wanfunzi kwa ajili ya uboreshaji wa masomo (kwa kawaida hufanywa shuleni baada ya daraja la kumi) India inakuza teknolojia na mtandao. India ilizindua EDUSAT, elimu ya setilaiti ambayo inaweza kuwafikia wengi kwa gharama ya chini. Kuna pia mpango ulioanzishwa na shirika la OLPC, kundi lililotokana na maabara ya MIT lililoungwa mkono na mashirika makuu ili kukuza kompyuta ya kupakata ambayo ingeghalimu $100, ili kuwezesha kuwasilisha elimu ya programu ya kompyuta. Kompyuta hizi zimesambaa kote kufikia mwaka wa 2009. Kompyuta hizi zinauzwa au kutolewa kama msaada. Hii itawezesha nchi zinazoendelea kuwapa watoto wao elimu kwa kutumia mitambo. Barani [[Afrika]], shirika la NEPAD limezindua programu ya masomo ya mtandao inayotoa vifaa vya kompyuta na masomo ya mtandao kwa shule zote za msingi na upili kwa kipindi cha miaka kumi. Vikundi vya binafsi kama vile [[Wamormoni]], wanajikakamua kuwapa watu fursa ya kupokea elimu katika nchi zinazoendelea kupitia miradi kama vile Perpetual Educational Fund. Mradi wa maendeleo kimataifa inayofahamika kama [http://www.nabuur.com/ nabuur.com,] com iliyoanza kwa msaada wa rais wa Marekani [[Bill Clinton]], hutumia mtandao kuwezesha ushirikiano wa watu binafsi kuzungumzia maswala ya maendeleo ya jamii. === Umataifishaji === Elimu inaendelea kuwa jambo la kimataifa. Si vifaa vyake tu vinavyoendelea kuathiriwa na mazingira ya kimataifa yenye ukwasi bali pia mabadiliko ya wanafunzi katika viwango vyote yanayochangia kuendesha jukumu hili muhimu. Kwa mfano kule Uropa, [http://www.erasmus.ac.uk programu ya Socratis Erusmus ] {{Wayback|url=http://www.erasmus.ac.uk/ |date=20080713112018 }}imechechemua mabadilishano kati ya vyuo vikuu vya Uropa. Vile vile, [http://www.soros.org/ Shirika la Soros ]hutoa fursa nyingi kwa wanafunzi kutoka Asia ya kati na Uropa mashariki. Wasomi wengi hudai kwamba ingawa mfumo fulani unaweza kuzingatiwa kuwa bora au mbaya kuliko mwingine, kuzoea aina tofauti ya elimu mara nyingi huonwa kuwa elementi muhimu ya kuzoea masomo ya kimataifa.<ref> Dubois, HFW, Padovano, G., &amp; Stew, G. (2006) Kuboresha muuguzi kimataifa mafunzo: an American-Kiitaliano kesi masomo. ''Kimataifa Nursing Review, 53'' (2): 110-116.</ref> == Dini na elimu == Elimu katika dini ya [[Uislamu]] ni muhimu kwa wake na waume, haswa kwa watoto wadogo. Kinyume na dhana ya kawaida, kutafuta aina zote za maarifa, yawe ya kitaaluma, ya kidini au ya kidunia yanaruhusiwa kwa watu wa umri wowote. Hata hivyo, masomo ya umri mdogo huonwa kuipa akili fursa ya kumakinika bila kuathiriwa na shida na majukumu ya maisha ya utu uzima. == Tazama pia == * [[Elimu ya watu wazima]] * [[Elimu mbadala]] * [[Mtaala]] * [[Elimu ya mtandao]] * [[Elimu ya biashara]] * [[Historia ya elimu]] * [[Elimu ya amani]] * [[Falsafa ya elimu]] * [[Elimu ya umma]] * [[Shule]] * [[Sosholojia ya elimu]] * [[Elimu kwa wenye mahitaji maalum]] * [[Mwalimu]] * [[Elimu ya juu]] * [[Chuo Kikuu]] == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} == Viungo vya nje == {{Sisterlinks|Education}} * {{Dmoz|Reference/Education/|Education}} * [http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/us/edresour.htm Educational Resources] {{Wayback|url=http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/us/edresour.htm |date=20050410045753 }} kutoka ''UCB Libraries GovPubs'' * [http://stats.uis.unesco.org/ReportFolders/ReportFolders.aspx?CS_referer=&amp;CS_ChosenLang=en UNESCO Taasisi ya Takwimu: International kulinganishwa mifumo ya takwimu za elimu] {{Wayback|url=http://stats.uis.unesco.org/ReportFolders/ReportFolders.aspx?CS_referer=&CS_ChosenLang=en |date=20070515133052 }} * [http://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=RPERS OECD takwimu za elimu] * [https://www.theguardian.com/media-network/2016/apr/04/technology-bridge-learning-gap-africa Mifano mbalimbali ya teknolojia inavyoimarisha elimu Afrika] * [https://history-world.org/history_of_education.htm Historia ya elimu] {{Wayback|url=https://history-world.org/history_of_education.htm |date=20171012090556 }} {{Sayansi}} [[Jamii:Elimu]] ico5ol6gcqruna4fqobuc839l0hwj1b 0 7948 1606549 1606259 2026-10-09T13:56:48Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606549 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Country |native_name = <span style="line-height:1.33em;">འབྲུག་ཡུལ<br />''Druk Gyal-khab''<br />'''Brug Rgyal-khab'''<br />''Dru Gäkhap''</span> |conventional_long_name = Ufalme wa Bhutan |common_name = Bhutan |image_flag = Flag of Bhutan.svg |image_coat = Emblem_of_Bhutan.svg |national_motto = "Nchi moja, taifa moja" |image_map = Bhutan in its region.svg |national_anthem = ''[[Druk tsendhen]]'' |official_languages = [[Kidzongkha]] |capital = [[Thimphu]] |latd=27 |latm=28 |latNS=N |longd=89 |longm=38 |longEW=E |government_type = [[Ufalme]] wa kikatiba |leader_titles = [[Mfalme]]<br />[[Waziri Mkuu]] |leader_names = [[Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck]] (འཇིགས་མེད་གེ་སར་རྣམ་རྒྱལ་དབང་ཕྱུག)<br />[[Tshering Tobgay]] (ཚེ་རིང་སྟོབས་རྒྱས) |largest_city = Thimphu |area = 38,394 |areami² = 14,824 |area_rank = ya 133 |percent_water = 1.1 |population_estimate = 802,214 |population_estimate_year = 2026 |population_estimate_rank = ya 166 |population_density = 20.9 |population_density_rank = ya 210 |GDP_PPP_year = 2024 |GDP_PPP = $8.4 billion (makadirio) |GDP_PPP_per_capita = ~$10,500 (makadirio) |HDI_year = 2022 |HDI = 0.666 |HDI_rank = ya 127 |HDI_category = <font color="#ffcc00">wastani</font> |sovereignty_type = Ufalme wa kikatiba |established_events = Dinastia ya Wangchuck |established_dates = [[17 Desemba]] [[1907]] |currency = [[Ngultrum]] |currency_code = BTN |time_zone = [[Bhutan Time|BTT]] |utc_offset = +6:00 |time_zone_DST = (haitumiki) |cctld = [[.bt]] |calling_code = 975 |footnotes = Takwimu za idadi ya watu kutoka UN/Worldometer (2026). }} [[Picha:Bhutan CIA WFB 2010 map.png|thumb|left|250px|Ramani ya Bhutan]] '''Bhutan''' (kitaifa: འབྲུག་ཡུལ, ''Druk Yul'') ni nchi ndogo ya [[Bara Hindi]] iliyopo katika milima ya [[Himalaya]]. Nchi imepakana na [[Uhindi]] upande wa kusini, mashariki na magharibi, na na [[China]] (jimbo la [[Tibet]]) upande wa kaskazini. Imetawaliwa na [[mfalme]] [[Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck]] tangu mwaka [[2006]], huku serikali ikiongozwa na Waziri Mkuu [[Tshering Tobgay]] tangu Januari 2024. Idadi ya wakazi ni takriban lakhi 8 (802,000 mwaka 2026). [[Mji mkuu]] ni Thimphu, ambao pia ni mji mkubwa zaidi. == Jiografia == Bhutan ni nchi ya milima; zaidi ya 80% ya eneo lake lipo juu ya [[kimo]] cha [[mita]] 2,000. Mipakani na China kuna milima mirefu ya Lunana, na mlima mrefu zaidi nchini ni Gangkhar Puensum (mita 7,570), ambao bado haujakaliwa kamili. Kusini tu kuna kanda nyembamba ya [[tambarare]] inayoitwa Duar. Wengi wa wakazi huishi katika maeneo ya milimani kati ya mita 2,000 hadi 3,000 juu ya [[UB]]. Zaidi ya theluthi mbili za nchi zimefunikwa na [[misitu]], na Bhutan inajivunia kuwa nchi pekee duniani yenye uzalishaji wa kaboni hasi (carbon-negative). == Historia == Bhutan iliunganishwa kisiasa mwaka [[1644]] chini ya [[mmonaki]] wa [[Ubuddha]] aitwaye Shabdrung Ngawang Namgyel. Nchi imefanikiwa kudumisha [[uhuru]] wake, ingawa sehemu za kusini zilitekwa na [[Waingereza]] na kuunganishwa na [[Uhindi wa Kiingereza]]. Uingereza, na baadaye Uhindi, ilishughulikia [[diplomasia|mahusiano ya nje]] ya Bhutan. Uhusiano huu unaendelea na India kulingana na [[mkataba wa urafiki]] wa tarehe [[8 Agosti]] [[1949]], uliorekebishwa mwaka 2007. Tarehe [[21 Septemba]] [[1971]], Bhutan ilipokewa rasmi kama nchi mwanachama wa [[UM]]. == Siasa == Bhutan ni ufalme wa kikatiba tangu mwaka 2008. Mfalme ni Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck (tawala tangu 2006), na Waziri Mkuu ni Tshering Tobgay (tangu 28 Januari 2024). Bunge lina chumba kimoja (National Assembly) na wanachama huchaguliwa kwa uchaguzi wa kidemokrasia. == Wakazi na Utamaduni == [[Picha:Bhutan man.jpg|thumb|left|Mbhutan]] [[Picha:Bhutan-masked-dance.jpg|thumb|left|[[Ngoma]] ya [[kinyago]] ya Bhutan]] Wakhazi wengi wa Bhutan (kundi la Ngalop na Sharchop) wana asili ya Kibuddha na karibu kiutamaduni na watu wa [[Tibet]]. Wao hufuata [[dini]] ya [[Ubuddha]] (takriban 75%), ambayo ndiyo [[dini rasmi]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kidzongkha]], ingawa lugha zaidi ya 20 hutumika nchini. Watu wa kusini (Lhotshampa) wana asili ya Kinepali na hufuata [[Uhindu]] (takriban 23%). Bhutan inajitahidi kulinda utamaduni wake na mazingira. Hadi mwaka [[1974]], [[watalii]] hawakuruhusiwa kutembelea nchi; sasa utalii unaruhusiwa lakini chini ya sheria kali za kulinda mazingira na utamaduni. == Tazama pia == * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] * [[Ufalme wa Bhutan katika Michezo ya Olimpiki]] == Marejeo == * {{Rejea kitabu |author = Karma Phuntsho | title = The History of Bhutan |publisher = Random House India |year = 2013 |isbn = 9788184003116 }} * {{Rejea tovuti | title = Bhutan Population (2026) |work = Worldometer |url = https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/bhutan-population/ |accessdate = 2026-10-08 }} * {{Rejea tovuti | title = India-Bhutan Relations |publisher = Ministry of External Affairs, India |url = https://www.mea.gov.in/Portal/ForeignRelation/India-Bhutan-0726.pdf |accessdate = 2026-10-08 }} * {{Rejea tovuti | title = Tshering Tobgay |work = Wikipedia |url = https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tshering_Tobgay |accessdate = 2026-10-08 }} * {{Rejea tovuti | title = Bhutan – Key Development Forecasts |publisher = International Futures (IFs) |url = https://www.congress.gov/crs_external_products/IF/HTML/IF10660.html |accessdate = 2026-10-08 }} == Viungo vya nje == {{commons}} * {{en}} [https://www.bhutan.gov.bt/ Tovuti rasmi ya Serikali ya Bhutan] * {{en}} [https://www.bhutantimes.com/ The Bhutan Times] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20220530134529/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/bhutan/ Bhutan] – CIA World Factbook * [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-south-asia-12480707 Bhutan profile] – BBC News * [https://www.britannica.com/place/Bhutan Bhutan] – Encyclopædia Britannica * [https://web.archive.org/web/20180709011222/https://www.tourism.gov.bt/ Tourism Council of Bhutan] {{Geographic location | Centre={{Flag|Bhutan}} | North={{Flag|China}} | East={{Flag|India}}/{{Flag|China}} | South={{Flag|India}} | West={{Flag|India}}([[Sikkim]]) }} {{Asia}} {{mbegu-jio-Asia}} [[Jamii:Bhutan]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Asia]] [[Jamii:Himalaya]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] 0pg0r5rbvt2oifgtc84qy5ewebmiuj4 0 16799 1606702 1450797 2026-10-10T10:42:54Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1606702 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Carlo Borromeo.jpg|thumb|right|Karoli Borromeo]] '''Karoli Borromeo''' ([[2 Oktoba]] [[1538]] – [[3 Novemba]] [[1584]]) alikuwa [[kardinali]] na [[askofu mkuu]] wa [[Milano]] nchini [[Italia]]. Aliongoza [[Dayosisi|jimbo]] hilo kubwa kama [[mchungaji]] halisi tena makini kwa mahitaji wa [[Kanisa]] la wakati wake: aliitisha na kuongoza [[sinodi]] kumi na moja, alianzisha [[seminari]] kwa ajili ya [[malezi]] ya [[Kleri|waklero]], alitembelea mara kadhaa [[kundi]] lake lote ili kustawisha [[maisha]] ya [[Kikristo]] akatoa [[sheria]] nyingi ili kuokoa [[milele]] watu <ref>https://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/24950</ref>. Anaheshimiwa na [[Kanisa Katoliki]] kama [[mtakatifu]] kisha kutangazwa na [[Papa Paulo V]] tarehe [[1 Novemba]] [[1610]]. [[Sikukuu]] yake ni [[tarehe]] [[4 Novemba]]<ref>[[Martyrologium Romanum]]</ref>. == Maisha == Karoli Borromeo alizaliwa katika mji wa [[Arona]] katika mkoa wa [[Lombardia]] nchini [[Italia]] mwaka [[1538]]. Baada ya kupata [[shahada]] ya tatu katika [[sheria]] za [[serikali]] na za [[Kanisa]], alifanywa [[kardinali]] na [[mjomba]] wake, [[Papa Pius IV]], akachaguliwa kuwa [[askofu mkuu]] wa [[Milano]]. Hata hivyo aliishi maisha magumu ya kifukara, hata alifananishwa kwa [[mbwa]] katika nyumba ya bwana wake. Alikuwa [[mchungaji]] bora wa kundi lake. Mara kwa mara alipitia [[parokia]] zote [[dayosisi|jimboni]] mwake, aliitisha mikutano, hasa [[sinodi]] 11, aliweka sheria za kufaa kwa watu, na alijitahidi kuhimiza [[maadili]] ya Kikristo. Alitoa huduma nyingi kwa [[maskini]], kama vile [[shule]] za bure, [[mabweni]], nyumba za [[wasichana]] ili kuwatoa katika [[ukahaba]], n.k. Ndiye aliyefanikisha zaidi sehemu ya mwisho wa [[Mtaguso wa Trento]] na utekelezaji wake, kama vile uanzishaji wa [[seminari]] kwa ajili ya [[malezi]] ya [[upadri|mapadri]] wapya. Alianzisha pia shirika la [[Oratorio]] jimboni mwake. Alifariki dunia tarehe [[3 Novemba]] [[1584]]. ==Tazama pia== * [[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Mabradha wa Shule za Kikristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waaugustino]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabazili]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabenedikto]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wadominiko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wajesuiti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakarmeli]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakolumbani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wamersedari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waoratori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapasionisti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapremontree]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waredentori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wasalesiani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waskolopi]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wateatini]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watrinitari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watumishi wa Maria]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wavinsenti]] ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} ==Marejeo ya Kiswahili== * Masomo ya Breviari - Sikukuu za Bwana, za Bikira Maria na za Watakatifu - Ndanda Mission Press 1978, uk 408-410 * John Kabeya na wengine - Maisha ya Watakatifu – ed. T.M.P. Book Department – Tabora 1965, 1989, uk. 389-390 * Pd. Leandry Kimario, [[Wakapuchini|O.F.M.Cap.]] - Mfahamu Mtakatifu Somo Wako - Maisha ya Watakatifu wa Kila Siku pamoja na Watakatifu Wafransisko - Toleo la pili - Dar es Salaam 2021, uk. 343-344 == Marejeo ya lugha nyingine== * A. Sala, ''Documenti circa la vita e la gesta di Borromeo'' (4 vols., Milan: 1857–1859) * Chanoine Silvain, ''Histoire de St Charles Borromeo'' (Milan: 1884) * A. Cantono, "Un grande riformatore del secolo XVI" (Florence: 1904); "Borromus" in Herzog-Hauck, ''Realencyklopädie'' (Leipzig: 1897). ==Viungo vya nje== {{Commons category|Charles Borromeo}} * [http://www.catholicrevelations.com/category/saints/the-life-of-st-st-charles-borromeo-archbishop-of-milan.html The Life of St. Charles Borromeo, Confessor and Archbishop of Milan] {{Wayback|url=http://www.catholicrevelations.com/category/saints/the-life-of-st-st-charles-borromeo-archbishop-of-milan.html |date=20160305015238 }} * [http://www.usc.edu.ph/ University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines Official Site] {{Wayback|url=http://www.usc.edu.ph/ |date=20201129203005 }} * [http://www.scs.edu/ Saint Charles Borromeo Seminary], Archdiocese of Philadelphia * [http://www.verbanensia.org/biografie_details.asp?bID=536&action=B&tipo=1 Pietro Canetta, "Biography of Carlo Borromeo" (in Italian)], ''Magazzeno Storico Verbanese'' * [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03619a.htm "St. Charles Borromeo"], ''Catholic Encyclopedia'' * [http://www.bartleby.com/210/11/041.html "St. Charles Borromeo, Cardinal, Archbishop of Milan, Confessor"], ''Butler's Lives of the Saints'' {{Mbegu-Mkristo}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Borromeo, Karoli}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1538]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1584]] [[Jamii:Maaskofu Wakatoliki]] [[Jamii:Makardinali]] [[Jamii:Watawa waanzilishi]] [[Jamii:Watakatifu wa Italia]] rj16vu9ez7kvux11dhaqgbpr9yda2cr 0 23519 1606671 1536950 2026-10-10T09:45:27Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1606671 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:St Brigitta 1476.jpeg|thumb|right|Brigita akiwa amevaa [[kanzu]] na [[taji]] la shirika lake.]] '''Birgita wa Uswidi''' ([[Finsta]], [[Uswidi]], [[3 Juni]] [[1303]] – [[Roma]], [[Italia]], [[23 Julai]] [[1373]]) alikuwa [[Ukristo|Mkristo]] wa [[Utawa wa Tatu wa Mt. Fransisko]], halafu [[mwanzilishi]] wa [[shirika la Mwokozi Mtakatifu]]. Alitangazwa [[mtakatifu]] na [[Papa Bonifasi IX]] tarehe [[7 Oktoba]] [[1391]], halafu [[msimamizi]] mmojawapo wa [[Ulaya]] na [[Papa Yohane Paulo II]] mwaka [[1999]]. [[Sikukuu]] yake huadhimishwa [[tarehe]] [[23 Julai]]<ref>[[Martyrologium Romanum]]</ref>. == Maisha ya awali == Birgita alizaliwa huko [[Finsta]], katika mkoa wa [[Uppland]] ([[Uswidi]]), katika [[familia]] ya watemi. Sehemu ya kwanza ya [[maisha]] yake ni ya [[mke]] mwenye [[Mtoto|watoto]] 8, ambao wa pili kati yao anaheshimiwa pia kama mtakatifu [[Katerina wa Uswidi]]. Kwa mifano na maneno yake alimhimiza [[mume]] wake, sharifu Ulf Gudmarsson, kuishi maisha ya imani ya dhati; pamoja naye alisoma [[Biblia]], alianzisha [[hospitali]] na kuhudumia [[maskini]]. Kutokana na kipaji chake kama [[malezi|mlezi]] aliitwa kwenye [[ikulu]] huko [[Stockholm]], na hatimaye alifanya [[hija]] huko [[Santiago wa Compostela]] ([[Hispania]]). == Baada ya kufiwa == Kisha kufiwa mume wake mwaka [[1344]] alijisikia kuhama nchi yake ili kuanza [[utume]] mpya akahamia [[Roma]] (1349). Baada ya kuhiji mahali pengi [[Italia]], kati ya miaka [[1371]] na [[1372]] alitembelea [[Nchi Takatifu]], alipojionea mahali alipoishi [[Yesu]]. Alisema kuwa huko [[Yerusalemu]] alipewa [[ujumbe]] wa [[Bikira Maria]] wa kurudi [[Ulaya]]. Huko aliwatabiria matukio Ma[[papa]] na [[Mfalme|wafalme]] na kuwaonya vikali hata kwa [[maandishi]] kuhusu [[Urekebisho wa Kikatoliki|urekebisho]] wa [[maadili]] ya [[Ukristo|Wakristo]] wote, kuanzia Papa mwenyewe, akidai anawasiliana na [[Yesu Kristo]]<ref>https://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/28400</ref>. Kutokana na [[mafumbo]] hayo alitunga [[sala]] 15 zilizoenea sana hadi leo. ==Mojawapo kati ya Sala 15 alizozitunga== Usifiwe, Bwana wangu Yesu Kristo, kwa kuwahi kutabiri kifo chako, kwa kugeuza kwa namna ya ajabu, katika karamu ya mwisho, mkate wa kawaida uwe mwili wako mtukufu, kwa kuwagawia mitume kwa upendo kama ukumbusho wa mateso yako mastahivu, kwa kuwaosha miguu kwa mikono yako mitakatifu na azizi, ukionyesha hivyo ukuu usio na mipaka wa unyenyekevu wako. Heshima kwako, Bwana wangu Yesu Kristo, kwa kutoka jasho la damu katika mwili wako usio na kosa kwa hofu ya mateso na kifo, na kwa kutekeleza hata hivyo ukombozi wetu uliotamani kuutimiza, ukionyesha hivyo wazi upendo wako kwa binadamu. Usifiwe, Bwana wangu Yesu Kristo, kwa kupelekwa kwa Kayafa na kuruhusu kwa unyenyekevu wako uhukumiwe na Pilato, wewe uliye hakimu wa wote. Utukufu kwako, Bwana wangu Yesu Kristo, kwa kudhihakiwa pale ambapo, kisha kuvikwa nguo ya zambarau, ulitiwa taji la miba mikali sana, na kwa kuvumilia kwa subira isiyo na mipaka kwamba uso wako mtukufu ujae mate, macho yako yafunikwe, mashavu yako yapigwe kwa nguvu na mikono ya kikafiri ya watu waovu. Sifa kwako, Bwana wangu Yesu Kristo, kwa kuruhusu kwa uvumilivu mkubwa ufungwe kwenye nguzo, upigwe mijeledi kinyama, upelekwe mahakamani kwa Pilato umejaa damu, uonekane kama mwanakondoo asiye na kosa anayepelekwa machinjoni. Heshima kwako, Bwana wangu Yesu Kristo, kwa kukubali kuhukumiwa katika mwili wako mtakatifu, uliojaa tayari damu, ufe msalabani; kwa kubeba kwa uchungu msalaba juu ya mabega yako matakatifu, na kwa kutaka kupigiliwa misumari katika mbao za adhabu, kisha kuburutwa kikatili hadi mahali pa mateso na kuvuliwa nguo zako. Heshima kwako, Bwana Yesu Kristo, kwa kuelekeza kwa unyenyekevu, kati ya mateso hayo, macho yako yaliyojaa upendo na wema kwa Mama yako mstahivu sana, ambaye hajawahi kupatwa na dhambi wala kukubali kosa dogo namna gani, na kwa kumfariji ukimkabidhi kwa ulinzi mwaminifu wa mwanafunzi wako. Uhimidiwe milele, Bwana wangu Yesu Kristo, kwa kuwapa wakosefu wote, wakati wa kihoro chako, tumaini la msamaha ulipomuahidia kwa huruma utukufu wa paradiso mhalifu aliyekukimbilia. Sifa ya milele kwako, Bwana wangu Yesu Kristo, kwa kila saa uliyovumilia msalabani kwa ajili yetu wakosefu machungu na mateso makubwa kabisa; kwa kuwa uchungu mkali sana wa majeraha yako ulikuwa ukipenya vibaya mno roho yako yenye heri na kuchoma kikatili moyo wako mtakatifu sana, mpaka pale ambapo, moyo ukishindwa kazi, ulitoa kwa heri roho yako na, kisha kuinamisha kichwa, uliikabidhi kwa unyenyekevu wote mikononi mwa Mungu Baba, ukabaki mfu, ukiwa na mwili baridi. Usifiwe, Bwana wangu Yesu Kristo, kwa kukomboa roho za watu kwa damu yako azizi na kwa kifo chako kitakatifu sana, na kwa kuzirudisha kwa huruma katika uzima wa milele toka uhamishoni. Usifiwe, Bwana wangu Yesu Kristo, kwa kukubali mkuki ukuchome ubavu na moyo kwa wokovu wetu, na kwa damu azizi na maji vilivyobubujika kutoka ubavu huo kwa ukombozi wetu. Utukufu kwako, Bwana wangu Yesu Kristo, kwa kutaka mwili wako mbarikiwa ushushwe toka msalabani kwa mikono ya marafiki wako, ukabidhiwe mikononi mwa Mama mwenye huzuni na kuvikwa naye, halafu ufungwe katika kaburi na kulindwa na askari. Heshima ya milele kwako, Bwana wangu Yesu Kristo, kwa kufufuka kutoka wafu siku ya tatu na kwa kukutana hai na wale uliowachagua; kwa kupaa mbinguni, siku arubaini baadaye, ukitazamwa na wengi na kwa kutawaza huko juu kwa heshima marafiki wako uliowatoa kuzimu. Shangwe na sifa ya milele kwako, Bwana Yesu Kristo, kwa kumtuma Roho Mtakatifu mioyoni mwa wanafunzi na kwa kushirikisha roho zao upendo mkuu wa Kimungu. Uhimidiwe, usifiwe na kutukuzwa milele, Bwana wangu Yesu, uliyeketi katika kiti che enzi kwenye ufalme wako wa mbinguni, katika utukufu wa enzi yako, mwenye mwili hai pamoja na viungo vyako vitakatifu vyote, ulivyovitwaa kutoka mwilini mwa Bikira. Hivyo utakuja siku ya hukumu uhukumu roho za wote walio hai na waliokufa: wewe unayeishi na kutawala pamoja na Baba na Roho Mtakatifu daima na milele. Amina.<ref>Masomo ya Breviari - Sikukuu za Bwana, za Bikira Maria na za Watakatifu - Ndanda Mission Press 1978, uk 243-245</ref> ==Tazama pia== * [[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Mabradha wa Shule za Kikristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waaugustino]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabazili]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabenedikto]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wadominiko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wajesuiti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakarmeli]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakolumbani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wamersedari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waoratori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapasionisti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapremontree]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waredentori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wasalesiani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waskolopi]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wateatini]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watrinitari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watumishi wa Maria]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wavinsenti]] ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} ==Marejeo ya Kiswahili== * John Kabeya na wengine - Maisha ya Watakatifu – ed. T.M.P. Book Department – Tabora 1965, 1989, uk. 254 * Pd. Leandry Kimario, [[Wakapuchini|O.F.M.Cap.]] - Mfahamu Mtakatifu Somo Wako - Maisha ya Watakatifu wa Kila Siku pamoja na Watakatifu Wafransisko - Toleo la pili - Dar es Salaam 2021, uk. 212-213 * Maurice Soseleje, Kalendari yetu – Maisha ya Watakatifu – Toleo la pili – ed. Benedictine Publications Ndanda Peramiho – Peramiho 1986 – ISBN 9976-63-112-X, uk. 77 == Marejeo ya lugha nyingine== * Duffy, Eamon (1992). ''The stripping of the altars: Traditional religion in England, c.1400 - c.1580''. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-05342-5 * Schiller, Gertrud; Seligman, Janet (1971). ''Iconography of Christian Art, Vol. I: Christ's incarnation, childhood, baptism, temptation, transfiguration, works and miracles,'' (English trans from German). London: Lund Humphries. {{OCLC|59999963}} == Viungo vya nje == {{Commons category| Birgitta of Sweden}} {{Wikisource|Saint Birgitta}} {{Wikisource1911Enc|Bridget of Sweden, Saint}} *[http://www.brigidine.org/Brigidine/preparePage.do?lang=it Tovuti rasmi ya masista Wabirgita] {{Wayback|url=http://www.brigidine.org/Brigidine/preparePage.do?lang=it |date=20070728131455 }} * [http://birgitta.vadstena.se/ Saint Birgitta] {{Wayback|url=http://birgitta.vadstena.se/ |date=20040608114511 }} Official website * [http://www.prophecyfilm.com/book1.htm Text of ''The Revelations of Saint Bridget of Sweden''] {{Wayback|url=http://www.prophecyfilm.com/book1.htm |date=20100126061517 }} in English * [http://www.umilta.net/birgitta.html Saint Birgitta of Sweden], with a link to her ''Revelationes'' in [[Latin]] {{mbegu-Mkristo}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1303]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1373]] [[Jamii:Wafransisko]] [[Jamii:Watawa waanzilishi]] [[Jamii:Watakatifu wa Uswidi]] nvxaz9de760aml4tdjwx3vaw19cauh2 0 33773 1606633 888874 2026-10-09T22:43:20Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606633 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Don Riddell''' (amezaliwa [[7 Septemba]] [[1972]] mjini [[Edinburgh]], Uingereza) ni mtangazaji wa habari wa kutoka Uingereza na aliwahi kuwa [[mwandishi wa habari za michezo.]] Yeye alikuwa mtangazaji mmoja kati ya wanne wa [[CNN]] mjini [[London]] waliokuwa wakitangaza habari za ''World Sport'' ; pia aliwahi kutangaza taarifa za CNN za ''Living Golf.'' Hivi sasa yeye ni mmoja wa watangazaji wa kipindi cha asubuhi cha Ulaya kiitwacho ''CNN'' ''Today'' . Riddell alijiunga na CNN mwaka 2002. Awali alikuwa akifanya kazi katika [[London News Network]], ambako alifanya kazi kama mtangazaji wa michezo kwa kipindi cha ''[[London Tonight]]'' . Alianza kazi yake ya kuripoti katika mikoa ya Uingereza. ==Elimu== Riddell alihudhuria [[Chuo Kikuu cha Leeds]] na kufuzu kwa [[shahada]] ya Uandishi habari / Mawasiliano na Masomo ya Utamaduni. ==Viungo vya nje== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170810135830/http://edition.cnn.com/CNN/anchors_reporters/riddell.don.html Don Riddell profile] {{DEFAULTSORT:Riddell, Don}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1972]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] r8iq98p49bb1n2vlbeuv7hbctie1qdm 10 34228 1606565 1222982 2026-10-09T14:08:15Z Score Beethoven 26647 Kuondoa viungo vyekundu kwenye lebo (mf. Kimeanzishwa, Rector → Rekta) 1606565 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox |bodyclass = vcard |aboveclass = fn org |above = {{{jina|<includeonly>{{PAGENAME}}</includeonly>}}} |subheader = {{{native_name|}}} |picha = {{{picha|}}} |maelezo ya picha = {{#if:{{{jina_la_picha|}}}||{{{maelezo ya picha|}}}}} |image2 = {{#if:{{{jina_la_picha<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}}|[[Picha:{{{jina_la_picha}}}|{{#if:{{{ukubwa_wa_picha|}}}|{{{ukubwa_wa_picha}}}|200px}}|alt={{{image_alt|}}}]]}} |caption2 = {{{maelezo_ya_picha|}}} |labelstyle= white-space: nowrap; text-align:left; padding-right:0.65em |data1 = {{#if:{{{jina_la_kilatini|}}}|{{lang-la|{{{jina_la_kilatini}}}}}}} |label2 = <span class="note">[[Wito]]</span> |data2 = {{{wito|}}} |label3 = <span class="note">Wito kwa [[Kiswahili]]</span> |data3 = {{{wito_sw|}}} |label4 = {{#if:{{{kimefungwa|}}}|Kinaendelea|Kimeanzishwa}} |data4 = {{#if:{{{kimeanzishwa|}}}|{{{kimeanzishwa}}}{{#if:{{{kimefungwa|}}}|&mdash;{{{kimefungwa}}}}}}} |label5 = Aina |data5 = {{{aina<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label6= [[Dini|Ushirikishwaji wa kidini]] |data6 = {{{ushirikishwaji<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label7= Wakfu |data7 = {{{wakfu<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label8= Ofisa mkuu |data8 = {{{Ofisa mkuu<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label9= [[Mwenyekiti]] |data9 = {{{mwenyekiti<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label10= Kinara |data10 = {{{kinara<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label11= [[Chansela]] |data11 = {{{chansela<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label12= [[Rais wa chuo kikuu|Rais]] |data12 = {{{rais<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label13= [[Makamu wa rais]] |data13 = {{{makamu_wa_rais<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label14= Superintendent |data14 = {{{superintendent<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label15= Provost |data15 = {{{provost<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label16= Makamu wa chansela |data16 = {{{makamu_wa_chansela<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label17= Rekta |data17 = {{{rector<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label18= Principal |data18 = {{{principal<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label19= Dean |data19 = {{{dean<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label20= Director |data20 = {{{director<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label21= {{{head_label}}} |data21 = {{#if:{{{head_label|}}}|{{{head<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}}}} |label22= [[Walimu]] |data22 = {{{faculty<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label23= [[Employment#Employee|Staff]] |data23 = {{{staff<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label24= [[Wanafunzi]] |data24 = {{{students<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} {{{enrollment|}}} |label25= [[Shahada ya Awali|Wanafunzi wa<br> shahada ya kwanza]] |data25 = {{{undergrad<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label26= [[Uzamili|Wanafunzi wa<br> uzamili]] |data26 = {{{postgrad<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label27= [[Uzamivu|anafunzi wa<br> uzamivu]] |data27 = {{{doctoral<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label28= Wanafunzi wengine |data28 = {{{other<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label29= Mahali |data29 = {{#if:{{{mahali<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}}|<span class="extended-address">{{{mahali}}}</span>|<span class="locality">{{{mji}}}</span>{{#if:{{{jimbo|}}}{{{mkoa|}}}|, <span class="region">{{{jimbo|}}}{{{mkoa|}}}</span>}}{{#if:{{{nchi|}}}|, <span class="country-name">{{{nchi}}}</span>}} }}{{#if:{{{coor|}}}|<br />{{{coor}}}}} |label30= Kampasi |data30 = {{{kampasi<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label31= Former names |data31 = {{{former_names<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label32= {{{free_label}}} |data32 = {{#if:{{{free_label|}}}|{{{free|}}}}} |label33= [[Sport]]s |data33 = {{{sports<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label34= [[Rangi]] |data34 = {{{rangi<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} {{{colours|}}} |label35= Msimbo |data35 = {{{nickname<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label36= Mascot |data36 = {{{mascot<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label37= Athletics |data37 = {{{athletics<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label38= Affiliations |data38 = {{{affiliations<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |label39= [[Tovuti]] |data39 = {{{tovuti<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |data40={{{logo<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |below={{{footnotes<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} }}<noinclude> {{/hati}} </noinclude> d0jxrjkrqm50zr0ds4s2cs768aox5mm 0 42584 1606589 1598857 2026-10-09T14:49:59Z Wikynator 64289 1606589 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox actor | picha = Ali_Larter.jpg |ukubwa wa picha =230px | maelezo ya picha = Larter at the 64th Annual [[Golden Globe]] Awards. | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{birth date and age|1976|2|28|df=yes}} | mahala pa kuzaliwa = [[Cherry Hill, New Jersey|Cherry Hill]], [[New Jersey]], U.S. | jina la kuzaliwa = Alison Elizabeth Larter | kazi yake = Mwigizaji | miaka ya kazi = 1997–hadi sasa | jina lingine = [[Allegra Coleman]]<ref name="IMDb">{{Rejea tovuti| title = Biography for Ali Larter| publisher= IMDb| url= http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0005123/bio | accessdate= 2010-06-27}}</ref> | ndoa = [[Hayes MacArthur]] (2009–hadi sasa) }} '''Alison Elizabeth "Ali" Larter''' (amezaliwa tar. [[28 Februari]] [[1976]]) ni mwigizaji wa fiamu na mwanamitindo wa zamani kutoka nchini [[Marekani]]. Ameanza kazi za uigizaji ni baada ya kuonekana kidogokidogo kwenye vipipindi kadhaa vya [[televisheni]] kunako miaka ya 1990. Kuanzia 2006 hadi 2010, Larter amecheza nyusika za [[Niki Sanders]] halafu ndugu wa kashinde wake-waliopoteana muda mrefu [[Tracy Strauss]] kwenye mfululizo wa TV wa ubunifu wa kisayansi wa kwenye [[NBC]], ''[[Heroes]]''.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti| title = Heroes Cast Members, Tracy Strauss| publisher= NBC| url= http://www.nbc.com/heroes/cast/Tracy-Strauss/ | accessdate= 2010-07-24}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari| last= Feinburg| first= Daniel| title = NBC's 'Heroes' Fascinates Larter| publisher= Zap2it| date = 2006-07-03| url= http://www.zap2it.com/tv/news/zap-alilarterheroesstory,0,7909542.story?coll=zap-news-headlines&tag=news_list;12| accessdate= 2010-06-27| archivedate= 2012-09-26| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20120926130512/http://www.zap2it.com/tv/news/zap-alilarterheroesstory,0,7909542.story?coll=zap-news-headlines&tag=news_list;12}}</ref> Larter ameanza kazi kama mwanamitindo lakini baada ya muda mfupi akajiingiza kwenye masuala ya uigizaji. Ameanza kujipatia umaarufu wa hali ya juu baada ya kushiriki kwenye filamu ya mwaka wa 1999, ''[[Varsity Blues]]''. Hii ilifuatiwa na filamu ya kutisha ya ''[[House on Haunted Hill]]'' (1999), ''[[Final Destination]]'' (2000), na ''[[Legally Blonde]]'' (2001). Tangu hapo, akaanza kucheza kwenye nyusika za juu tena ikiwa ni pamoja na kurudia uhusika wake kwenye ''[[Final Destination 2]]'' (2003), amecheza kama muhusika wa jina tu kwenye filamu ya [[Bollywood]] ya ''[[Marigold]]'' (2007) na kucheza kama muhusika wa mchezo wa video [[Claire Redfield]] kwenye [[Resident Evil: Extinction]]. Hivi karibuni, amecheza kwenye picha ya kusisimua ya mwaka wa [[2009]], ''[[Obsessed (2009)|Obsessed]]''. Larter amepewa jina kwenye orodha ya "Wanawake Wazuri Walio-Hai".<ref>{{Rejea tovuti| title = Ali Larter| publisher= Celebritywonder.com| url= http://www.celebritywonder.com/html/alilarter.html | accessdate= 2010-02-30}}</ref> Ameolewa na bwana wake aliyedumu naye kwa muda wa miaka mitatu, [[Hayes MacArthur]], kwa sherehe ndogo tu huko mjini [[Maine]] mnamo tar. 1 Agosti 2009.<ref>{{Rejea habari| last= Everett| first= Christina| title = 'Heroes' star Ali Larter marries actor Hayes MacArthur in Maine| publisher= [[Daily News (New York)|New York Daily]]| date = 2009-08-03| url= http://www.nydailynews.com/gossip/2009/08/03/2009-08-03_heroes_star_ali_larter_marries_actor_hayes_macarthur_in_an_outdoor_ceremony_in_m.html| accessdate= 2010-06-27| archivedate= 2009-09-07| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20090907163614/http://www.nydailynews.com/gossip/2009/08/03/2009-08-03_heroes_star_ali_larter_marries_actor_hayes_macarthur_in_an_outdoor_ceremony_in_m.html}}</ref> == Maisha ya wali na Uanamitindo == Larter alizaliwa mjini [[Cherry Hill Township, New Jersey|Cherry Hill]], [[New Jersey]]. Ana ndugu yake wa kike mkubwa aitwaye Kirsten, ambaye ni mwalimu. Yeye ni binti wa Bi. Margaret, mama wa nyumbani, na Danforth Larter, mkurugenzi wa usafiri w magari makubwa.<ref name="TV Guide">{{Rejea tovuti| title= Ali Larter Biography| publisher= Tvguide.com| url= http://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/ali-larter/bio/139014| accessdate= 2007-08-27| archive-date= 2012-08-16| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120816233952/http://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/ali-larter/bio/139014| url-status= dead}}</ref><ref name="Cosmo">{{Rejea habari| last= Fahner| first= Molly| title = Fun Fearless Female of the Year: Ali Larter| publisher= [[Cosmopolitan (magazine)|Cosmopolitan]]| url= http://www.cosmopolitan.com/celebrity/exclusive/ali-larter-cover-interview | accessdate= 2010-06-27}}</ref> Alihitimu katika shule ya Carusi Middle School na [[Cherry Hill High School West]]. Larter ameanza kazi zake za uanamitindo akiwa na umri wa 14 wakati skauti wa uanamitindo amegundua kipaji chake mtaani kwao. Ameombwa kushiriki kwenye matangazo ya biashara ya ''[[Phillies]]'' na baadaye kutia saini mkataba wa kiuanamitindo na [[Ford Modeling Agency]] mjini [[New York]]. Larter baadaye karuka mwaka wake mkuu na kwenda kufanya uanamitindo nchini Japan na Australia. Akiwa na umri wa miaka 17, Larter akatulia kidogo nchini Japan.<ref name="Yahoo">{{Rejea tovuti| title = Ali Larter Biography| publisher= Yahoo.com| url= http://movies.yahoo.com/movie/contributor/1800019825/bio | accessdate= 2007-08-27}}</ref> Baadaye, mnamo 1995, kamsindikiza bwana'ke katika safari yake ya kuhamia mjini [[Los Angeles, California]]. == Filmografia == {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%" |- style="text-align:center;" ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Mwaka ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Filamu ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Uhusika ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Maelezo |- | rowspan="4"| 1999 | ''[[House on Haunted Hill (1999)|House on Haunted Hill]]'' | Sara Wolfe | |- | ''[[Varsity Blues (filamu)|Varsity Blues]]'' | Darcy Sears | |- | ''[[Drive Me Crazy]]'' | Dulcie | |- | ''Giving It Up'' | Amber | aka ''Casanova Falling'' |- | 2000 | ''[[Final Destination]]'' | Clear Rivers | Young Hollywood Award for Breakthrough Performance Female<br />Nominated — [[Blockbuster Entertainment Award]] — Favorite Actress - Horror |- | rowspan="3"| 2001 | ''[[American Outlaws]]'' | [[Zerelda Mimms|Zerelda 'Zee' Mimms]] | |- | ''[[Jay and Silent Bob Strike Back]]'' | Chrissy | |- | ''[[Legally Blonde]]'' | Brooke Taylor Windham | |- | 2003 | ''[[Final Destination 2]]'' | Clear Rivers | |- | 2004 | ''[[Three Way (filamu)|Three Way]]'' | Isobel Delano | aka ''3-Way''<br />Pia Mtayarishaji Msaidizi |- | rowspan="2"| 2005 | ''Confess'' | Olivia Averill | |- | ''[[A Lot Like Love]]'' | Gina | |- | rowspan="3"| 2007 | ''[[Marigold (2007)|Marigold]]'' | Marigold Lexton |Bollywood |- | ''[[Resident Evil: Extinction]]'' | Claire Redfield | |- | ''Homo Erectus'' | Fardart | aka ''National Lampoon's The Stoned Age'' |- || 2008 | ''[[Crazy (2007)|Crazy]]'' | Evelyn Garland | |- | 2009 | ''[[Obsessed (2009)|Obsessed]]'' | Lisa Sheridan | [[MTV Movie Award]] — Best Fight <small>(amepeana na [[Beyoncé Knowles]])</small><br />Amechaguliwa — [[Teen Choice Award]] — Choice Movie Rumble <small>(amepeana na [[Beyoncé Knowles]])</small><br />Amechaguliw — [[Golden Raspberry Award]] — Worst Supporting Actress |- || 2010 | ''[[Resident Evil: Afterlife]]'' | [[Claire Redfield]] | (inasubiri kutolewa) |} === Televisheni === {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%" |- style="text-align:center;" ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Mwaka ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Kipindi ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Uhusika ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Maelezo |- | rowspan="2"| 1997 | ''[[Suddenly Susan]]'' | Maddie | Sehemu: "The Ways and Means" |- | ''Chicago Sons'' | Angela | Sehemu: "Beauty and the Butt" |- | rowspan="3"| 1998 | ''[[Chicago Hope]]'' | Samantha | Sehemu: "Memento Mori" |- | ''[[Just Shoot Me!]]'' | Karey Burke | Sehemu: "College or Collagen" |- | ''[[Dawson's Creek]]'' | Kristy Livingstone |Sehemu: "The Dance" and "The Kiss" |- | 2004 | ''[[Entourage]]'' | Ali Larter | Sehemu: "Pilot" |- | 2006–2010 | ''[[Heroes]]'' | [[Niki Sanders|Niki / Jessica Sanders]] / [[Tracy Strauss]] | [[Gracie Allen#Gracie Allen Award|Gracie Allen Awards]] — Outstanding Supporting Actress — Drama Series<br />[[Teen Choice Award]] — Choice TV Actress: Action Adventure<br />Nominated — [[Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress on Television]]<br />Nominated — [[Scream Award]] — Sexiest Superhero<br />Nominated — [[SyFy Genre Awards]] — Best Supporting Actress/Television<br />Nominated — Teen Choice Award — Choice TV Actress: Action Adventure |} == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} === Soma zaidi === * Wolf, Jeanne. [http://www.parade.com/celebrity/celebrity-parade/archive/ali-larter-obsessed.html Ali Larter, Always the Bad Girl]. ''Parade Magazine''. 24 Agosti 2009. Accessed 24 Julai 2010. * Das, Lina. [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-474352/Actress-Ali-hero-times.html Actress Ali is a hero for our time]. ''The Daily Mail''. 9 Agosti 2007. Accessed 24 Julai 2010. * Cavaco, Paul. [http://www.allure.com/magazine/2008/07/ali_larter#slide=1 Ali Larter: Her Allure Photo Shoot] {{Wayback|url=http://www.allure.com/magazine/2008/07/ali_larter#slide=1 |date=20100203204009 }}. ''Allure''. Accessed 24 Julai 2010. * [http://www.cosmopolitan.com/celebrity/exclusive/ali-larter-heroes-star Our Heroine]. ''Cosmopolitan''. Accessed 24 Julai 2010. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090427105355/http://www.philly.com/inquirer/gallery/Ali_Larter_From_Cherry_Hill_to_Hollywood.html From Cherry Hill to Hollywood]. ''The Philadelphia Inquirer''. 15 Januari 2009. Accessed 24 Julai 2010. * Hiltbrand, David. [http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2007-01-31/features/0701300487_1_ali-larter-heroes-niki Split personalities make solid role for Ali Larter] {{Wayback|url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2007-01-31/features/0701300487_1_ali-larter-heroes-niki |date=20120509195344 }}. ''Chicago Tribune''. 31 Januari 2007. Accessed 24 Julai 2010. * Longsdorf, Amy.[http://articles.mcall.com/2009-04-26/features/4360817_1_ali-larter-obsessed-safe-haven 'Obsessed' star Ali Larter calls Allentown area a 'safe haven'] {{Wayback|url=http://articles.mcall.com/2009-04-26/features/4360817_1_ali-larter-obsessed-safe-haven |date=20120322013045 }}. ''The Morning Call''. 26 Aprili 2009. Accessed 26 Julai 2010. * [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/home/moslive/article-479043/Ali-Larter-Holding-hero.html Holding out for a hero]. ''The Daily Mail''. 1 Septemba,2007. Accessed 27 Julai 2010. == Viungo vya Nje == * {{imdb|0005123}} * {{ymovies name|1800019825}} * {{Amg name|266610}} * [http://www.people.com/people/ali_larter Ali Larter] at [[People.com]] * [http://uk.eonline.com/uberblog/celebs/c120600_ali_larter.html Ali Larter] {{Wayback|url=http://uk.eonline.com/uberblog/celebs/c120600_ali_larter.html |date=20100720104430 }} at [[E! Online]] {{DEFAULTSORT:Larter, Ali}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1976]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] eo27t8g7mnvykrbv0cqv10dl0mu5lf4 0 55350 1606618 1594242 2026-10-09T21:07:06Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606618 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Prozac.jpg|thumb|right|Fluoxetine (Prozac), ni SSRI]] [[Picha:Venlafaxine-3D-balls.png|thumb|right|Venlafaxine, ni SNRI]] '''Dawamfadhaiko''' (''[[ing.]] antidepressant'') ni [[dawa]] za [[ugonjwa wa akili]] zinazotumika kupunguza mivurugo ya halihisi ya moyo, kama vile mfadhaiko mkubwa na ukataji tamaa na hali ya wasiwasi kama vile woga wa kuingiliana na watu. Dawa kama vile vizuia oksidesi vya monoamini (MAOIs), dawa dhidi ya mfadhaiko aina ya trisaikliki (TCAs), dawa dhidi ya mfadhaiko aina ya tetrasaikliki (TeCAs), vizuizi vya uchukuzi wa serotonini kinachochagua (SSRIs), na vizuizi vya uchukuzi wa serotonini-norepinefrini(SNRIs) ndizo zinazohusishwa kwa kawaida na neno hilo. Dawa hizo ni kati ya zile ambazo kwa kawaida huagizwa na wataalamu wa magonjwa ya akili na madaktari wengine, na ufanifu pamoja na athari zake ni mada ya tafiti nyingi na madai mengi yanayoshindana. Dawa nyingi husababisha athari za dawamfadhaiko, lakini vikwazo kuhusu matumizi yake yameleta utata unaosababishwa na kuzitumia kutibu maradhi mengine mbali na yale yaliyokusudiwa, licha ya madai kuwa yana ufanisi wa kiwango cha juu. Ufanifu wa dawamfadhaiko ya kisasa aina ya thaimoleptiki haijawahi kudhihirishwa kikamilifu kuwa ni bora zaidi ya ule wa kipozaungo hai, kulingana na tafiti mbili za shirika la Cochrane Collaboraton.<ref name="Turner EH, Matthews AM, Linardatos E, Tell RA, Rosenthal R 2008 252–60">{{cite journal |author=Turner EH, Matthews AM, Linardatos E, Tell RA, Rosenthal R |title=Selective publication of antidepressant trials and its influence on apparent efficacy |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_new-england-journal-of-medicine_2008-01-17_358_3/page/n74 |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=358 |issue=3 |pages=252–60 |year=2008 |month=Januari |pmid=18199864 |doi=10.1056/NEJMsa065779 }}</ref><ref name="ncbi.nlm.nih.gov"> Moncrieff J, Wessely S, Hardy R. (2004) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?CMD=Display&amp;DB=pubmed Vipozaungo hai dhidi ya dawamfadhaiko kwa mfadhaiko.] ''Cochrane Database Syst Rev'' (1): CD003012.</ref> Kwa maandishi yaliyochapishwa, tibamifadhaiko ilikuwa na mafanikio ya 94% katika kutibu mfadhaiko. <ref name="Turner EH, Matthews AM, Linardatos E, Tell RA, Rosenthal R 2008 252–60"/><ref name="ncbi.nlm.nih.gov"/> Kwa maandishi ambayo hayakuchapishwa, mafanikio yalikuwa ni chini ya 50%.<ref name="Turner EH, Matthews AM, Linardatos E, Tell RA, Rosenthal R 2008 252–60"/> Kwa ujumla, tafiti zote zilionyesha ufanisi<ref name="Turner EH, Matthews AM, Linardatos E, Tell RA, Rosenthal R 2008 252–60"/> wa 51% - pointi mbili tu zaidi kuliko ile ya kipozaungo. Hii iliongeza dhahiri ufanifi wa dawamfadhaiko tofauti kutoka 11% hadi 69% zaidi ya kipozaungo.<ref name="Turner EH, Matthews AM, Linardatos E, Tell RA, Rosenthal R 2008 252–60"/> Dawa ambayo huenda ikawa ni tofauti na ile ya mirtazepine- pinzani ya norepinefrini na serotonini, yenye athari zilizo kinyume na zile za SSRI na SNRIS - na venlafaksini, SNRI iliyo na usawa katika mfumo wa kemikali kwa kiwango kikubwa na tramadoli ya afyuni iliyonyumbuliwa. Afyuni zilitumika kutibu mfadhaiko wa kiwango cha juuu hadi mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1950. Ampfetamini zilitumika hadi katikati ya miaka ya 1960. Kuagiza afyuni au amfetamini kwa kutibu mfadhaiko ni jambo linaloleta utata kisheria. Utafiti kuhusu uwezo wa afyuni ya kunyumbuliwa wa kutibu mfadhaiko umefanywa mara chache tu katika kipindi cha miaka sitini iliyopita, ili hali amfetamini zimepata soko linalostawi kwa hali mbalimbali kama vile maradhi ya upungufu wa makini, nakolepsi, na [[unene wa kupindukia]] na zinaendelea kuchunguzwa kwa matumizi mengi. Afyuni na amfetamini zote husababisha mwitiko wa haraka sana wa matibabu. Huonyesha matokeo kwa muda usiopita masaa ishirini na manne hadi arobaini na manane; uwiano wa matibabu kwa afyuni na amfetamini ni mkubwa kuliko ule wa dawamfadhaiko aina ya trisaikliki. Katika baadhi ya tafiti hizi zenye vikwazo vikuu, buprenofini ya afyuni imeonyesha uwezo mkubwa wa kutibu mfadhaiko mkali ulio sugu kwa matibabu wa dawa yoyote inayojulikana katika utafiti mdogo ambao kwa ujumla ilitambuliwa na kuchapishwa mwaka wa 1995, lakini haijawahi kufwatiliwa kutokana na unyanyapaa wa kijamii unaohusishwa na afyuni pamoja na ile inayohusishwa na ugonjwa wa akili nchini Marekani.<ref> Bodkin JA. et al. (1995): "Buprenorphine treatment of refractory depression", Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology 15:49-57. PMID 7714228</ref> Aina nyingi za dawamfadhaiko zinazofanana na asili huchelewa kuanza utekelezaji kwa (kati ya wiki 2-6) na kwa kawaida hutolewa kwa muda wa wakati wowote kati ya miezi hadi miaka. Licha ya jina hilo, dawamfadhaiko mara nyingi hutumika kwa njia ya ubishi, na katika muktadha wa upungufu wa ushahidi unaotegemea majaribio kusaidia dalili zao, matumizi ya dawa kutibu maradhi mengine bali na yale yaliyokusudiwa awali, kama vile hali ya wasiwasi, ugonjwa wa akili ambapo mtu huwa na kiwango cha juu cha tamaa au shauku, matatizo ya kula, maumivu sugu, na baadhi ya hali zinazotatiza urazini wa upatanisho wa homoni kama vile hedhi chungu. Zikiwa peke yao au pamoja na kinza msukosuko (kwa mfano Tegretoli au Depakote), dawa hizi zinaweza kutumika kutibu upungufu makini wa kupepesuka (ADHD) na matumizi mabaya ya dawa kwa kushughulikia mfadhaiko msingi. Pia, dawamfadhaiko zimetumika wakati mwingine kutibu kukoroma na vipandauso. Dawa zingine ambazo kwa kawaida haziitwi dawamfadhaiko, ikiwa ni pamoja na vizuia magonjwa ya akili vya vipimo vya chini <ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.4088/JCP.v64n0512 |author=Wheeler Vega JA, Mortimer AM, Tyson PJ |title=Conventional antipsychotic prescription in unipolar depression, I: an audit and recommendations for practice |journal=The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry |volume=64 |issue=5 |pages=568–74 |year=2003 |month=Mei |pmid=12755661 |url=http://www.psychiatrist.com/abstracts/abstracts.asp?abstract=200305/050311.htm |access-date=2010-10-18 |archive-date=2011-07-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717000127/http://www.psychiatrist.com/abstracts/abstracts.asp?abstract=200305/050311.htm |dead-url=yes }}</ref> na benzodiazepini, <ref>{{cite journal |author=Petty F, Trivedi MH, Fulton M, Rush AJ |title=Benzodiazepines as antidepressants: does GABA play a role in depression? |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_biological-psychiatry_1995-11-01_38_9/page/n13 |journal=Biological Psychiatry |volume=38 |issue=9 |pages=578–91 |year=1995 |month=Novemba |pmid=8573660 |doi=10.1016/0006-3223(95)00049-7}}</ref> zinaweza kutumika kwa kudhibiti mfadhaiko, ingawa benzodiazepini - pamoja na dawa zote zinazoitwa "dawamfadhaiko" - husababisha utegemezi wa mwili. Kuacha matibabu ya benzodiazepini (au SSRI) kwa ghafla kunaweza kusababisha dalili zisizopendeza za kuachishwa. Kizinduo cha mmea wa St John's Wort hutumika kwa kawaida kama dawamfadhaiko, ingawa imealamishwa kama kijalizo cha chakula katika nchi zingine. Neno ''dawamfadhaiko'' wakati mwingine hutumiwa kwa tiba (kwa mfano, matibabu ya kisaikolojia, tiba ya msukosuko ya umeme, tiba vitobo) au mchakato (kwa mfano kuvuruga usingizi, kuongezeka kwa kiwango cha mwanga, mazoezi ya mara kwa mara) yametambulika kama njia za kudhibiti mfadhaiko wa kimawazo. Vipozaungo tepetevu vinaweza kuleta athari kuu za dawamfadhaiko, kwa hivyo, ili kudhibitisha Dutu kama "dawamfadhaiko", katika utafiti wa kiafya wa kliniki ni muhimu kuonyesha ukuu wake ukilinganishwa na kipozaungo. <ref>" [http://healthlifeandstuff.com/2009/07/do-we-know-anything-about-antidepressants/ Je, dawamfadhaiko hufanya kazi kama ilivyoahidiwa?] {{Wayback|url=http://healthlifeandstuff.com/2009/07/do-we-know-anything-about-antidepressants/ |date=20100924095828 }}</ref> == Historia == [[Picha:Saint John's wort flowers.jpg|thumb|right|250px|St John's Wort]] Afyuni mbalimbali (kupitia kipokezi cha μ-cha afyuni na kipokezi cha k-cha afyuni) na ya amfetamini zilitumika mara nyingi kama dawamfadhaiko hadi miaka ya 1950, wakati zilipopoteza umaarufu wao kutokana na hali yao ya kulevya na madhara yake. <ref name="Weber 1988 255–66">{{cite journal|last=Weber|first=MM|year=1988|month=Julai|title=Current and Historical Concepts of Opiate Treatment in Psychiatric Disorders|journal=International Clinical Psychopharmacology|volume=3|issue=3|pages=255–66|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |pmid=3153713 |url=http://journals.lww.com/intclinpsychopharm/Abstract/1988/07000/Current_and_Historical_Concepts_of_Opiate.7.aspx |doi=10.1097/00004850-198807000-00007 |accessdate=2009-05-28|last2=Emrich|first2=HM}}</ref> Dondoo kutoka kwenye mmea wa St John's Wort zimetumika kwa muda mrefu kama "dawa ya kuchangamsha neva" ili kupunguza mfadhaiko. <ref>{{cite journal|last=Czygan|first=FC|date=8 Mei 2003|title=Kulturgeschichte und Mystik des Johanniskrauts: Vom 2500 Jahre alten Apotropaikum zum aktuellen Antidepressivum|journal=Pharmazie in unserer Zeit|volume=32|issue=3|pages=184–190|publisher=WILEY-VCH Verlag|location=Weinheim|doi=10.1002/pauz.200390062|language=German|accessdate=2009-05-28|pmid=12784538}}</ref> === Isoniazidi na iproniazidi === Katika mwaka wa 1951, watu wawili kutoka Hospitali ya Sea View katika kisiwa cha Staten, Irving Selikoff na Edward Robitzek, walianza kufanya utafiti wa kiafya kwa vikolezo viwili vipya vya [[Kifua kikuu|kupambana na kifua kikuu]] kutoka Hoffman-LaRoche, isoniazidi na iproniazidi. Ni wagonjwa waliolemewa na ugonjwa pekee waliotibiwa hapo awali; hata hivyo, hali yao iliendelea kuwa bora kwa kasi kikubwa. Selikoff na Robitzek waligundua "mchangamsho mpole kwa ujumla...wagonjwa walionekana kuwa na nguvu mpya na kwa kweli, mara kwa mara jambo hili lilisababisha matatizo ya kinidhamu." Matumaini ya tiba ya kifua kikuu katika majaribio ya hospitali ya Sea View yalijadiliwa kwa msisimuko katika vyombo vikuu vya habari. Katika mwaka wa 1952, baada ya kujifunza kuhusu madhara ya uchochezi ya isoniazidi, mtaalamu wa saikolojia kutoka Cincinnati, Max Lurie, aliijaribu kuitumia kwa wagonjwa wake. Katika mwaka uliofuata, yeye na Harry Salzer waliripoti kuwa isoniazidi ilipunguza mfadhaiko katika theluthi mbili ya wagonjwa wao na wakaunda neno ''dawamfadhaiko'' kuelezea kitendo hiki. <ref name="isbn0-88048-397-0">{{cite book|last=Healy|first=D|editor=Weissman MM|title=The treatment of depression: bridging the 21st century|url=http://books.google.com/?id=LAmBVolIG5kC|accessdate=2009-05-28|year=2001|publisher=American Psychiatric Pub|isbn=978-0-88048-397-1|pages=10–11|chapter=The Antidepressant Drama|chapterurl=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=LAmBVolIG5kC&printsec=frontcover#PPA7,M1}}</ref> Tukio sawa na hili lilifanyika Paris, ambako Jean Delay, mkuu wa taaluma ya tiba ya magonjwa ya akili katika hospitali ya Sainte-Anne, aligundua madhara ya isoniazidi kutoka kwa wenzake wa taaluma ya magonjwa ya mpumuo katika hospitali ya Cochin. Katika mwaka wa 1952, kabla ya Lurie na Salzer, Delay, pamoja na mkaazi Jean-Francois Buisson, alitoa taarifa kuhusu athari chanya ya isoniazidi kwa wagonjwa waliofadhaika. <ref name="Healy96"> " {{cite book|last=Healy|first=David|title=The psychopharmacologists : interviews|accessdate=2009-05-28|year=c1996|publisher=Chapman and Hall|location=London|isbn=978-1-86036-008-4|page=8}}</ref> Kwa sababu zisizohusiana na ufanisi wake, matumizi ya isoniazidi kama dawamfadhaiko hatimaye yalitolewa maanani na kubadilishwa na dawa yenye sumu zaidi ya iproniazid, <ref name="isbn0-88048-397-0"/> ingawa bado ni msingi wa matibabu ya kifua kikuu. Njia ya utendakazi ya dawamfadhaiko ya isoniazidi bado haieleweki vyema. Inakisiwa kwamba athari zake zinatokana na kuzuiliwa kwa oksidesi diamini, pamoja na uzuiaji dhaifu wa oksidesi ya monoamini A. <ref name="isbn1-86036-010-6">{{cite book |author=Healy, David |title=The Psychopharmacologists: Volume 2 |url=https://archive.org/details/psychopharmacolo0000heal |publisher=A Hodder Arnold Publication |year=1998 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/psychopharmacolo0000heal/page/132 132]–4 |isbn=978-1-86036-010-7 }}</ref> Dawa nyingine ya kifua kikuu iliyojaribiwa wakati huohuo na Selikoff na Robitzek, iproniazidi, ilionyesha athari kuu zaidi za "kichocheaakili", lakini ilikuwa na kiwango cha juu zaidi cha kusumisha. Baada ya chapisho kuhusu isoniazidi, majarida ya Jackson Smith, Gordon Kamman, George Crane, na Frank Ayd yalijitokeza, yakieleza namna mbalimbali ambavyo dawa ya iproniazid inaweza kutumika kutibu magonjwa ya akili. Zeller Ernst alitambua kuwa dawa ya iproniazidi ni kizuia oksidesi ya monoamini yenye nguvu. <ref name="pmid18004120">{{cite journal |author=López-Muñoz F, Alamo C, Juckel G, Assion HJ |title=Half a century of antidepressant drugs: on the clinical introduction of monoamine oxidase inhibitors, tricyclics, and tetracyclics. Part I: monoamine oxidase inhibitors |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-clinical-psychopharmacology_2007-12_27_6/page/555 |journal=J Clin Psychopharmacol |volume=27 |issue=6 |pages=555–9 |year=2007 |pmid=18004120 |doi=10.1097/jcp.0b013e3181bb617 }}</ref> Hata hivyo, dawa ya iproniazidi ilibaki pembeni kiasi hadi pale ambapo Nathan Kline, mkuu wa utafiti katika hospitali ya Rock state mwenye ushaufu na ushawishi mkuubwa, alianza kuieneza katika vyombo vya habari vya uuguzi na vile maarufu kama "changamsho la akili". <ref name="pmid18004120"/> <ref>{{cite news|title=Psychic Energizer|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,862555,00.html|date=15 Aprili 1957|publisher=Time Magazine|accessdate=2009-05-28|archivedate=2013-08-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130811223331/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0%2C9171%2C862555%2C00.html}}</ref> Roche ilitia juhudi za uuzaji wa iproniazid, ikiwa ni pamoja na ukuzaji wa matumizi yake kutibu maradhi mengine bali na yale yaliyokusudiwa awali kwa kutibu mfadhaiko. <ref name="pmid18004120"/> Mauzo yake yalikuwa kwa kiasi kikubwa katika miaka iliyofuata, hadi pale ambapo zilibatilishwa kutoka sokoni mwaka wa 1961 kutokana na matukio kadhaa ya uharibifu wa ini unaobababisha mauti. <ref name="pmid18004120"/> === Dawa ya Imipramini === Ugunduzi kwamba mchanganyiko wa duara tatu ("wenye duara tatu") uliokuwa na athari kubwa kama dawamfadhaiko iliundwa kwa mara ya kwanza mwaka wa 1957 na Roland Kuhn katika hospitali ya magonjwa ya akili nchini Uswisi. Kufikia wakati huo, vinyumbuliwa vya kimaliza kemikali za mzio vilitumiwa zaidi kutibu mshtuko wa upasuaji na baadaye kama niuroleptiki ya magonjwa ya akili. Ingawa katika mwaka wa 1955 risapini ilionyeshwa kuwa bora zaidi kuliko kipozaungo kwa kupunguza niuroleptiki za mfadhaiko (kwa maana iliyo wazi, "kushika neva" au "kukamata neva") zilikuwa zinaundwa kama vitulizo na vizuia magonjwa ya akili. Akijaribu kuboresha ufanisi wa klorpromazini, Kuhn, akishirikiana na kampuni ya madawa ya Geigy, aligundua kwamba mchanganyiko "G 22355" (uliotengenezwa na kuwekwa chini ya amri ya serikali dhidi ya uigaji wake nchini Marekani katika mwaka wa 1951 na Häfliger na Schinder) ilikuwa na athari ya manufaa kwa wagonjwa wa mfadhaiko unaofuatana na kudumaa kwa mwendo. Kuhn kwanza aliripoti matokeo yake kuhusu kile alichokiita "thaimoleptiki" (kwa maana iliyo wazi, "kukamata hisia," kinyume na niuroleptiki, "kukamata neva") katika miaka ya 1955-56. Hatua kwa hatua, yaliimarishwa, na kusababisha uuzaji na ununuzi wa dawa ya kwanza dhidi ya mfadhaiko aina ya trisaikliki, imipramini, ambayo punde ilifuatwa na vibadala. === Historia ya baadaye === Tiba hizi mpya za dawa ziligeuka kuwa dawa zinazoagizwa na daktari katika miaka ya 1950. Ilikadiriwa kuwa watu chini ya 50-100 kwa kila watu milioni moja waliugua kutokana na aina ya mfadhaiko ambao dawa hizi mpya zingetibu, na makampuni ya dawa hayakuwa na hamu. Mauzo katika miaka ya 1960 yaliendelea kuwa ya kiwango cha chini yakilinganishwa na dawa muhimu za kutuliza maumivu (nyuroleptiki / vizuia magonjwa ya akili) na dawa hafifu za kutuliza maumivu (kama vile benzodiazepini), ambazo ziliuzwa kwa matumizi mbalimbali. <ref name="3faces">{{cite journal |author=Healy D |title=The three faces of the antidepressants: a critical commentary on the clinical-economic context of diagnosis |journal=J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. |volume=187 |issue=3 |pages=174–80 |year=1999 |month=Machi |pmid=10086474 |doi=10.1097/00005053-199903000-00007 |url=http://meta.wkhealth.com/pt/pt-core/template-journal/lwwgateway/media/landingpage.htm?issn=0022-3018&volume=187&issue=3&spage=174 |access-date=2010-10-18 |archive-date=2012-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111120405/http://meta.wkhealth.com/pt/pt-core/template-journal/lwwgateway/media/landingpage.htm?issn=0022-3018&volume=187&issue=3&spage=174 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Imipramine ilibaki kwa matumizi ya kawaida na dawa zingine nyingi zilivumbuliwa. Uwanja wa vizuizi vya MAO ulikimya kwa miaka mingi hadi miundo "inayoweza kupinduliwa" na zinazoathiri tu aina ndogo ya MAO-A ziliingizwa, ili kuepuka baadhi ya athari mbaya. <ref name="3faces"/> <ref>{{cite journal |author=Pletscher A |title=The discovery of antidepressants: a winding path |journal=Experientia |volume=47 |issue=1 |pages=4–8 |year=1991 |month=Januari |pmid=1999242 |doi= 10.1007/BF02041242|url=}}</ref> Kufikia miaka ya 1960, wataalamu wengi wa madawa walifikiri kuwa kazi muhimu ya matibabu ya trisaikliki ilikuwa ni kuzuia ufyonyaji mpya wa norepinefrini, lakini hatua kwa hatua ilidhihirika kwamba kitendo hiki kilihusishwa na athari za uchangamshaji na uchochezi wa misuli ya mwendo, ilhali baadhi ya michanganyiko ya dawamfadhaiko zilionekana kuwa na athari tofauti kupitia utendaji katika mifumo ya serotonini (hasa iliyopendekezwa katika mwaka wa 1969 na Carlsson na Lindqvist pamoja na Lapin na Oxenkrug). Watafiti walianza mchakato wa ubunifu wa madawa ya razini ili kutenga michanganyiko iliyozalishwa kutoka kwa kimaliza kemikali za mzio ambazo zingelenga mifumo hii kwa njia ya uteuzi. Mchanganyiko wa kwanza kama huu kulindwa na serikali dhidi ya uigaji ilikuwa zimelidini katika mwaka wa 1971, ili hali ya kwanza kuidhinishwa kwa matumizi ilikuwa indalpini. Fluoxetini iliidhinishwa kwa matumizi ya kibiashara na ya Shirika la Chakula na Dawa (Marekani) mwaka wa 1988, na ikawa SSRI ya kwanza kupata umaarufu. Fluoksetini ilitengenezwa na Eli Lilly katika miaka ya awali ya 1970 akiwa pamoja na Bryan Molloy, David Wong na wengine. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Domino EF |title=History of modern psychopharmacology: a personal view with an emphasis on antidepressants |journal=Psychosom Med |volume=61 |issue=5 |pages=591–8 |year=1999 |pmid=10511010 |doi= |url=http://www.psychosomaticmedicine.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=10511010}}</ref> <ref>{{cite journal |author=Wong DT, Bymaster FP, Horng JS, Molloy BB |title=A new selective inhibitor for uptake of serotonin into synaptosomes of rat brain: 3-(p-trifluoromethylphenoxy). N-methyl-3-phenylpropylamine |journal=J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. |volume=193 |issue=3 |pages=804–11 |year=1975 |month=Juni |pmid=1151730 |doi= |url=http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=1151730 |access-date=2010-10-18 |archive-date=2021-11-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211119145719/https://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/193/3/804.long |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Ingawa ilipoteza umaarufu wake katika nchi nyingi kupitia karne za 19 na 20, mmea St John's Wort iliendelea kuwa maarufu nchini [[Ujerumani]], ambapo dondoo za Haiparikamu hatimaye ziliidhinishwa, zikafungwa katika vifurushi na uagizwa na madaktari. Majaribio ya ufanisi kwa kiwango kidogo yalifanywa katika miaka ya 1970 na 1980, na yalitiliwa maanani zaidi katika miaka ya 1990 kufuatia uchambuzi wa matokeo ya tafiti kadhaa kati ya majaribio haya. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Linde K, Ramirez G, Mulrow CD, Pauls A, Weidenhammer W, Melchart D |title=St John's wort for depression--an overview and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials |journal=BMJ |volume=313 |issue=7052 |pages=253–8 |year=1996 |month=Agosti |pmid=8704532 |pmc=2351679 |doi= |url=http://bmj.com/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=8704532}}</ref> Ilibaki kuwa dawa inayoweza kuuzwa bila maelekezo ya daktari (OTC) au ya kuongezea katika nchi nyingi na utafiti uliendelea ili kuchunguza athari zake za nyurotransmita na vijenzi kazi, hasa hyperforini <ref>{{cite journal |author=Müller WE |title=Current St John's wort research from mode of action to clinical efficacy |journal=Pharmacol. Res. |volume=47 |issue=2 |pages=101–9 |year=2003 |month=Februari |pmid=12543057 |doi= 10.1016/S1043-6618(02)00266-9|url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1043661802002669}}</ref> SSRI zilikuja kuwa maarufu kama "dawamfadhaiko mpya" pamoja na dawa nyingine mpya zaidi kama vile SNRI na NRI zilizokwa na athari mbalimbali teuzi, kama vile venlafaksini, duloksetini, nefazodoni na mitazapini. <ref>{{cite journal | last = Freeman | first = H | year = 1996 | url = http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6VM1-3WJNNMF-TX&_coverDate=12%2F31%2F1996&_alid=513741720&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_qd=1&_cdi=6137&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=72e4e5cb18384ee1f4f599ed1080eda7 | title = Tolerability and safety of novel antidepressants | journal = European Psychiatry | volume = 11 | issue = supplement 4 | pages = 206 | doi = 10.1016/0924-9338(96)88597-X | access-date = 2010-10-18 | archive-date = 2008-12-06 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081206232457/http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6VM1-3WJNNMF-TX&_coverDate=12%2F31%2F1996&_alid=513741720&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_qd=1&_cdi=6137&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=72e4e5cb18384ee1f4f599ed1080eda7 | dead-url = yes }}</ref> == Aina za dawamfadhaiko == === Vizuizi chaguzi vya uchukuzi wa serotonini (SSRIs) === ''Vizuizi chaguzi vya uchukuzi wa serotonini'' (SSRIs) ni aina ya dawamfadhaiko zinazozingatiwa kama matibabu ya madawa ya kiwango cha kisasa. Yamkini chanzo kimoja cha mfadhaiko ni kiwango kisichotosha cha serotonini, kemikali inayotumika kwenye ubongo kuhamisha ishara kutoka niuroni moja hadi nyingine. Inaaminika kuwa SSRI hufanya kazi kwa kuzuia ufyonyaji upya wa serotonini (inayojulikana pia kama 5 haidroksitriptamini, au 5-HT) kupitia niuroni ya mwanya wa sinapati, na hivyo kudumisha viwango vya juu vya 5-HT katika sinepsi. Wataalamu wa kemia Klaus Schmiegel na Bryan Molloy wa Eli Lilly waligundua fluoksetini ya SSRI ya kwanza. Kategoria hii ya madawa ni pamoja na: *Sitalopramu (Celexa, Cipramili) *Eskitalopramu (Lexapro, Cipralex, Seroplex, Lexamili) *Fluoksetini (Prozak, Sarafemu, Symbyax) *Fluvoksamini (Luvox) *Paroksetini (Paxili, Aropax) *Satralini (Zoloft) Kwa kawaida, dawamfadhaiko hizi huwa na athari chache zaidi ikilinganishwa na zile za duara tatu au MAOI, ingawa athari kama kizunguzungu, kinywa kikavu, woga, wasiwasi, kukosa usingizi, kupungua kwa hamu ya chakula, kuongeza uzito kwa muda mrefu na kupunguka kwa uwezo kujamiiana huweza kutokea. Baadhi ya athari zinaweza kupungua kulingana na namna ambavyo mtu anazoea dawa, lakini huenda athari zingine zikaendelea. Ingawa ni salama kuliko kizazi cha kwanza cha dawamfadhaiko, SSRI huenda zisitibu wagonjwa wengi ikilinganishwa na kategoria za awali za dawamfadhaiko, {{Citation needed|date=Mei 2009}} na hivyo kupendekeza kuwa jukumu la norepinefrini katika matibabu ya mfadhaiko bado ni muhimu. Kazi ya watafiti wawili imeibua suala la uhusiano kati ya upungufu wa serotonini na dalili za mfadhaiko, ikibainisha kuwa utendakazi bora wa SSRI kama dawa ya matibabu pekee haithibitishi uhusiano huo. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Lacasse J, Leo J |title=Serotonin and depression: a disconnect between the advertisements and the scientific literature |journal=PLoS Med |volume=2 |issue=12 |pages=e392 |year=2005 |pmid=16268734 |doi=10.1371/journal.pmed.0020392 |pmc=1277931}} ''[http://medicine.plosjournals.org/perlserv/?request=get-document&amp;doi=10.1371/journal.pmed.0020392 Maelezo kamili] {{Wayback|url=http://medicine.plosjournals.org/perlserv/?request=get-document&doi=10.1371%2Fjournal.pmed.0020392 |date=20090122081424 }}''</ref> Utafiti unaonyesha kuwa dawa hizi zinaweza kuingiliana na vipengele vya unukuzi vinavyojulikana kama "jeni za saa" <ref>{{cite journal |author=Uz T, Ahmed R, Akhisaroglu M, Kurtuncu M, Imbesi M, Dirim Arslan A, Manev H |title=Effect of fluoxetine and cocaine on the expression of clock genes in the mouse hippocampus and striatum |journal=Neuroscience |volume=134 |issue=4 |pages=1309–16 |year=2005 |pmid=15994025 |doi=10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.05.003}}</ref>, zinazoweza kuchangia pakubwa kwa tabia ya uzoefu wa madawa ya kulevya (matumizi mabaya ya madawa), na huenda pia ikasababisha unene wa kupindukia. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Yuferov V, Butelman E, Kreek M |title=Biological clock: biological clocks may modulate drug addiction |journal=Eur J Hum Genet |volume=13 |issue=10 |pages=1101–3 |year=2005 |pmid=16094306 |doi=10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201483}}</ref> <ref> {{cite journal |author=Manev H, Uz T |title=Clock genes as a link between addiction and obesity |journal=Eur J Hum Genet |volume=14 |issue=1 |page=5 |year=2006 |pmid=16288309 |doi=10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201524}} ''[http://www.nature.com/ejhg/journal/v13/n10/full/5201483a.html Maelezo kamili]'' </ref> Majaribio yaliyodhibitiwa na yasiyo na utaratibu maalumu yaliyochapishwa katika Hifadhi za nyaraka za taaluma ya jumla ya tiba ya magonjwa ya akili yalionyesha kuwa hadi moja kati ya tatu ya athari za matibabu ya SSRI yanaweza kuonekana katika wiki ya kwanza. Athari hizi za awali pia zimeonyesha kuongeza upungufu kamili wa alama za HRSD kwa 50%. === Vizuizi vya ufyonyaji upya wa serotonini-norepinefrini (SNRIs) === ''Vizuizi vya ufyonyaji upya wa serotonini-norepinefrini'' (SNRIs) ni aina mpya ya dawamfadhaiko zinazofanya kazi na norepinefrini na 5-HT zote. Kwa kawaida dawa hizi zina athari sawa na SSRIs, ingawa zinaweza kusababisha athari zinazotokana na kutoendelea kuzitumia na jambo hili linaweza kulazimisha kupunguzwa polepole kwa kipimo cha dawa. Hizi ni pamoja na: *Desvenlafaksini (Pristiq) *Duloksetini (Cymbalta) *Milnasipramu (Ixel) *Venlafaksini (Effexor) === Dawamfadhaiko za norepinefrini na zinazotoa serotonini (NaSSAs) === Dawamfadhaiko za norepinefrini na zinazotoa serotonini (NaSSAs) zinaunda kategoria mpya zaidi ya dawamfadhaiko ambayo inaaminika inatenda kazi kwa kuongeza norepinefrini (noradrenalini) na uhamishaji wa serotonini kati ya niuroni kwa kuzuia vipokezi vya adrenaji vya mwanya wa sinapati alfa 2 na kwa wakati huo huo kuzuia vipokezi fulani vya serotonini. <ref> http://www.cnsforum.com/imagebank/item/Drug_nassa/default.aspx</ref> Athari ni pamoja kizunguzungu, kuongezeka kwa hamu ya chakula, na kuongezeka kwa uzito. <ref name="Stimmel">{{cite journal|last=Stimmel |first=GL|year=1997|month=Jan-Feb|title=Mirtazapine: an antidepressant with noradrenergic and specific serotonergic effects|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_pharmacotherapy_january-february-1997_17_1/page/10 |journal=Pharmacotherapy|volume=17|issue=1|pages=10–21|publisher=American College of Clinical Pharmacy|issn=0277-0008|pmid=9017762|accessdate=2009-05-28|last2=Dopheide|first2=JA|last3=Stahl|first3=SM}}</ref> Mifano ni pamoja na: *Mianserini (Tolvon) *Mirtazapini (Remeron, Avanza, Zispin) === Vizuizi vya ufyonyaji upya wa Norepinefrini (NRIs) === ''Vizuizi vya ufyonyaji upya wa Norepinefrini'' (NRIs) hutenda kazi kupitia norepinefrini (inayojulikana pia kama ''noradrenalini).'' NRIs zinadhaniwa kuwa na athari chanya hasa kwa umakini na motisha. Hivi ni pamoja na: *Atomoksetini (Strattera) *Mazindoli (Mazanor, Sanorex) *Reboksetini (Edronax) *Viloksazini (Vivalan) === Vizuizi vya ufyonyaji upya wa Norepinefrini na dopamini (NDRIs) === ''Vizuizi vya ufyonyaji upya wa Norepinefrini na dopamini'' huzuia na ufyonyaji upya wa dopamini na norepinefrini (noradrenalini). <ref>{{cite journal|last=Stahl|first=SM|year=2004|title=A Review of the Neuropharmacology of Bupropion, a Dual Norepinephrine and Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor|journal=Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry|volume=6|issue=4|pages=159–166|publisher=Physicians Postgraduate Press|pmc=514842|accessdate=2009-05-28|doi=10.4088/PCC.v06n0403|pmid=15361919|last2=Pradko|first2=JF|last3=Haight|first3=BR|last4=Modell|first4=JG|last5=Rockett|first5=CB|last6=Learned-Coughlin|first6=S}}</ref> Hivi ni pamoja na: *Bupropioni (Wellbutrini, Zybani) === Vizidishi chaguzi vya ufyonyaji upya wa Serotonini (SSREs) === *Tianeptini (Stablon, Coaxil, Tatinol) === Viondoa vizuizi vya ufyonyaji upya wa Norepinefrini na dopamini (NDDIs) === Viondoa vizuizi vya ufyonyaji upya wa Norepinefrini na dopamini (NDDIs) hutenda kazi kwa kupingana na kipokezi cha serotonini cha 5-HT2C ambacho kwa kawaida huzuia kuondolewa kwa norepinefrini na dopamini, na hivyo kuendeleza mbubujiko wa nyurotransmita hizi. *Agomelatini (Valdoxan, Melitor, Thymanax) === Dawa dhidi ya mfadhaiko aina ya Trisaikliki (TCAs) === ''Dawa dhidi ya mfadhaiko aina ya Trisaikliki'' ni kategoria nzee zaidi ya dawa za dawamfadhaiko. Dawa za Trisaikliki huziba ufyonyaji upya wa nyurotransmita fulani kama vile norepinefrini (noradrenalini) na serotonini. Hazitumiki sana kutokana na uvumbuzi wa madawa salama zaidi na yenye uwezo zaidi wa kuchagua. Madhara ni pamoja na kuongezeka kwa kiwango cha upigaji [[Moyo|moyo]], kuzinzia, mdomo mkavu, uyabisi wa tumbo, uwekaji wa mkojo, kiwaa, kizunguzungu, kuchanganyikiwa, na utendakazi mbaya wa kingono. Kiwango cha sumu hutokea wakati takriban mara kumi ya kipimo cha kawaida cha dawa kinapofikiwa. Mara nyingi madawa haya husababisha mauti yakizidisha kiasi cha dawa kinachohitajika, na yanaweza kusababisha arithimia mbaya. Hata hivyo, dawa za dawamfadhaiko aina ya trisaikliki bado zinatumika kutokana na ufanisi wao, hasa katika matukio mabaya ya mfadhaiko mkuu. Hizi ni pamoja na: '''Dawamfadhaiko za kiwango cha juu aina ya trisaikliki amini''' *Amitriptailini (Elavil, Endep) *Klomipramini (Anafranili) *Doksepini (Adapini, Sinequani) *Imipramini (Tofranili) *Trimipramini (Surmontil) '''Dawamfadhaiko za kiwango cha kati aina ya trisaikliki amini''' *Desipramini (Norpramini) *Nortriptailini (Pamelor, Aventili, Noritreni) *Protriptailini (Vivactili) === Kizuizi cha oksidesi ya monoamini (MAOIs) === ''Vizuizi vya oksidesi ya monoamini'' (MAOIs) vinaweza kutumika ikiwa dawa zingine za dawamfadhaiko hazijafaulu kufanya kazi. MAOIs hufanya kazi za kuzuia kimeng'enya cha oksidesi ya monoamini inayovunja nyurotransmita dopamini, serotonini, na norepinefrini (noradrenalini). Kutokana na uwezekano wa mwingiliano unaoweza kusababisha kifo kati ya kategoria hii ya madawa na vyakula fulani (hasa vile vyenye tairamini), pamoja na baadhi ya madawa, MAOIs za zamani huagizwa mara chache zaidi siku hizi. Hata hivyo, Emsam,dawa yenye muundo wa kiraka wa selegilini inayopitia kwenye ngozi, ni tofauti. Kutokana na ukwepaji wake wa tumbo, ina uwezekano mdogo zaidi wa kusababisha matukio sawa na yale ya madawa mengine katika kikundi cha MAOIs. <ref name="Cascade01">{{cite journal |author=Cascade EF, Kalali AH |journal=Psychiatry 2007 |month=Juni |year=2007 |title=EMSAM: The First Year |url=http://www.psychiatrymmc.com/emsam-the-first-year/ |accessdate=2009-11-30 |archive-date=2010-02-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100228220220/http://www.psychiatrymmc.com/emsam-the-first-year/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Madawa ya MAOIs yanaweza kuleta matokeo bora sawa na yale ya madawa dhidi ya dawamfadhaiko aina ya tricyclic, ingawa kwa ujumla hayatumiki sana kwa sababu yamerekodi matukio mengi zaidi ya athari hatari na kuathiriana. Kizazi kipya cha MAOIs kimeanzishwa; moklobemidi (Manerix), inayojulikana kama kizuizi kinachopindulika cha oksidesi ya monoamini A RIMA), na kinafanya kazi kwa kipindi kifupi zaidi na kwa njia ya kuchagua na haihitaji chakula maalum. Kikundi cha madawa ya MAOI ni pamoja na: *Aisokaboksazidi (Marplan) *Moklobemidi (Aurorix, Manerix) *Fenilzini (Nardili) *Selegilini (Eldepryl, Emsamu) *Tranilsaipromini (Parnati) === Dawa za Kukuza === Imetambulika kuwa baadhi ya dawa za mfadhaiko zinafanya kazi vizuri zaidi kwa wagonjwa wengine yakitumiwa pamoja na dawa zingine. Dawa kama hizo za "kukuza" ni pamoja na: *Buspironi (Buspar) *Gepironi (Ariza) *Nefazodoni (Serzoni) *Tandospironi (Sedieli) *Trazodoni (Desyreli) *Bupropioni (Wellbutrini / Zybani) ''Vitulizo na vipozo'', hasa vile vya benzodiazepini, huagizwa kwa kupunguza wasiwasi na kuleta usingizi. Kwa sababu ya hatari kubwa ya utegemezi, dawa hizi zinanuiwa kutumika kwa kipindi kifupi au mara chache pekee. Mara nyingi madawa huwa hayatumiki kwa utendakazi wao msingi, bali kwa ajili ya kutumia kile ambacho kwa kawaida ni athari yao. Fumarati ya Kwetiapini (Seroquel) imebuniwa kimsingi kwa kutibu skizofrenia na ugonjwa wa furaha-mfadhaiko, lakini mara kwa mara husababisha kusinzia kutokana na mshikamano wake na vipokezi vya histamini (H1 na H2); na hivyo inatumia madhara sawa na kidhibiti mzio wa hewa (Benadryl). ''Vizuia magonjwa ya akili'' kama vile risperidoni (Risperdal), olanzapini (Zyprexa), na kwetiapini (Seroqueli) yanaagizwa kama vidhibiti halihisi ya moyo na kwa kutibu wasiwasi. Matumizi yao kama vidhibiti halihisi ya moyo ni jambo la hivi karibuni, na limeibua utata kati ya wagonjwa wengine. Vizuia magonjwa ya akili, viwe ni vya kawaida au visokawaida vinaweza pia kuagizwa ili kukuza dawamfadhaiko, kuongeza ukolezi kwenye damu wa dawa nyingine, au kupunguza dalili za kichaa au za wazimu ambazo mara nyingi huandamana na mfadhaiko wa kimawazo. Hata hivyo, vinaweza kusababisha madhara makubwa, hasa vikichukuliwa kwa vipimo vya juu. Madhara ni pamoja na Kiwaa, mkazoghafla wa misuli, kutotulia, kutoweza kusongeza viungo kwenye dalili zinazoonekana polepole, na kuongezeka kwa uzito. Vichocheaakili wakati mwingine huongezwa kwenye utaratibu wa matibabu dhidi ya mfadhaiko ikiwa mgonjwa anaugua kutokana na anihedonia, na kulala kupindukia na/ au kula kupindukia pamoja na kiwango cha chini cha motisha. Dalili hizi ni za kawaida kwa mfadhaiko usio wa kawaida, na zinaweza kutatuliwa kwa kuongeza kipimo cha chini hadi wastani cha amfetamini (Adderall), methylphenidate (Ritalin) au modafinili (Provigil, Alertec), kwa kuwa kemikali hizi zinaweza kuongeza motisha na kuboresha maingiliano ya kijamii, na kuzuia hamu ya chakula na usingizi. Modafinili ni ya kipekee kutokana na athari zake kwa usingizi: inaongeza umakini na kupunguza kizunguzungu wakati mgonjwa yuko macho, lakini haizuii kulala kwa kawaida. Dawa hizi pia zinaweza kurejesha msukumo wa ngono, ingawa hii ni athari hasi na sio sababu ya kuagizwa kwa vichocheaakili. Hata hivyo, tahadhari ni lazima ichukuliwe vikitumika kwa watu fulani. Vichangamsha vimetambuliwa kuchokonoa vipindi vya wazimu kwa watu wanaougua maradhi ya hisia mseto. Usimamizi wa karibu unasisitizwa kwa walio na matatizo ya matumizi mabaya ya dawa. Wagonjwa wenye mhemuko unaobadilika kwa urahisi wanapaswa kujiepusha na vichangamsha kwa kuwa vinatibua kubadilika kwa halihisi ya moyo. ''Lithiamu'' bado ndiyo tiba ya kiwango kilichokubalika kutibu maradhi ya hisia mseto, na mara nyingi hutumika pamoja na madawa mengine, ikitegemea ikiwa kinachotibiwa ni wazimu au mfadhaiko. Madhara ya Lithiamu ambayo huenda yakajitokeza ni pamoja na kiu, kutetemeka,udhaifu, kichefuchefu na kuendesha. Baadhi ya kinza-msukosuko, kama vile kabamazefini (Tegretol), valiproati ya sodiamu (Epilim), na lamotrijini (Lamictal), pia hutumika kama vidhibiti halihisi ya moyo, hasa kwa kutibu maradhi ya hisia mseto. Lithiamu na lamotrijini zote pia zimechunguzwa na kutumika kwa kukuza dawa dhidi ya dawamfadhaiko katika matibabu ya mfadhaiko sugu ya hisia aina moja. == Mikondo ya uagizaji dawa == Nchini Uingereza matumizi ya dawamfadhaiko yameongezeka kwa 234% katika kipindi cha miaka 10 kufikia mwaka wa 2002. <ref>[74] ^ (Taasisi ya Kitaifa ya Ubora wa Matibabu, 2004)</ref> Nchini Marekani, ripoti huru iliyotolewa mwaka wa 2005 ilionyesha kuwa 11% ya wanawake na 5% ya wanaume wasioishi katika nyumba za utunzaji wa wenye mahitaji maalum (2002) hutumia dawamfadhaiko. <ref>[http://www.meps.ahrq.gov/mepsweb/data_stats/Pub_ProdResults_Details.jsp?pt=Statistical%20Brief&amp;opt=2&amp;id=685 ] {{Wayback|url=http://www.meps.ahrq.gov/mepsweb/data_stats/Pub_ProdResults_Details.jsp?pt=Statistical%20Brief&opt=2&id=685 |date=20250626193041 }} Stagnitti, M. (2005) Matumizi ya Dawamfadhaiko kati ya wananchi wa Marekani wasio katika vyumba vya ustawi wa jamii, 2002. Takwimu fupi # 77. Rockville, MD: Jopo la Matumizi ya pesa kwa Uuguzi, Shirika la Utafiti kuhusu Ubora wa Huduma za Afya.</ref> Uchunguzi uliofanywa mwaka wa 1998 uligundua kuwa 67% ya wagonjwa waliotambuliwa kuwa na mfadhaiko waliagiziwa dawamfadhaiko. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Sleath B, Shih YC |title=Sociological influences on antidepressant prescribing |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_social-science-medicine_2003-03_56_6/page/1335 |journal=Soc Sci Med |volume=56 |issue=6 |pages=1335–44 |year=2003 |month=Machi |pmid=12600369 |doi=10.1016/S0277-9536(02)00132-6 }}</ref> Utafiti uliofanywa mwaka wa 2007 ulionyesha kuwa 25% ya Wamarekani walitambulishwa kuwa na ugonjwa wa mfadhaiko zaidi ya idadi kamili iliyougua ugonjwa huo, hata bila kuzingatia matibabu yoyote.<ref>{{cite news|title=Depression could be overdiagnosed|url=http://www.heraldnet.com/article/20070403/NEWS02/704030755|agency=The Washington Post|publisher=HeraldNet|year=2007|month=Aprili|accessdate=2009-05-28}}</ref> Msingi wa matokeo haya yalikuwa ni utafiti wa kitaifa wa watu 8,098. Utafiti uliofanywa mwaka wa 2002 ulitambua kuwa karibu 3.5% ya watu wote nchini [[Ufaransa]] walikuwa wakiagiziwa dawamfadhaiko, ikilinganishwa na 1.7% mwaka wa 1992. Mara nyingi dawa hizi huagizwa bila kuzingatia amri wala miongozo <ref name="Ol">{{cite journal|last=Olié|first=JP|year=2002|month=Oktoba|title=Antidepressants consumption in the global population in France|journal=L'Encéphale|volume=28|issue=5 pt. 1|pages=411–7|publisher=Elsevier|pmid=12386542 |doi=ENC-10-2002-28-5-0013-7006-101019-ART4|accessdate=2009-05-29|language=French|doi_brokendate=2009-10-24|last2=Elomari|first2=F|last3=Spadone|first3=C|last4=Lépine|first4=JP}}</ref> Kati ya mwaka wa 1996 na 2004 katika [[British Kolumbia|British Columbia]], matumizi ya dawamfadhaiko yaliongezeka kutoka 3.4% hadi 7.2% ya wananchi. <ref>{{cite journal|last=Raymond|first=CB|year=2007|month=Januari|title=Antidepressant utilization in British Columbia from 1996 to 2004: increasing prevalence but not incidence|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_psychiatric-services_2007-01_58_1/page/79|journal=Psychiatric Services|volume=58|issue=1|pages=79–84|publisher=American Psychiatric Association|pmid=17215416|doi=10.1176/appi.ps.58.1.79|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Morgan|first2=SG|last3=Caetano|first3=PA}}</ref> Takwimu ya mwaka wa 1992 hadi 2001 kutoka [[Uholanzi]] ulionyesha ongezeko la kiwango cha maagizo ya SSRIs, na kuongezeka kwa muda wa matibabu. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Meijer W, Heerdink E, Leufkens H, Herings R, Egberts A, Nolen W |title=Incidence and determinants of long-term use of antidepressants |journal=Eur J Clin Pharmacol |volume=60 |issue=1 |pages=57–61 |year=2004 |pmid=14985889 |doi=10.1007/s00228-004-0726-3}}</ref> Utafiti unaonyesha kwamba matumizi ya dawamfadhaiko, hasa ya SSRIs, yameongezeka kwa haraka katika nchi nyingi zilizoendelea. Jambo hili linaendeshwa na kuongezeka kwa ufahamu kuhusu mfadhaiko pamoja na matangazo ya kibiashara kuhusu dawa mpya za dawamfadhaiko. <ref>{{cite journal |author=McManus P, Mant A, Mitchell PB, Montgomery WS, Marley J, Auland ME |title=Recent trends in the use of antidepressant drugs in Australia, 1990-1998 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_medical-journal-of-australia_2000-11-06_173_9/page/n10 |journal=Med. J. Aust. |volume=173 |issue=9 |pages=458–61 |year=2000 |month=Novemba |pmid=11149300 }}</ref> Dawamfadhaiko pia zinazidi kutumiwa duniani kote kwa kutibu wagonjwa wasio na mfadhaiko na utafiti unaendelea kuonyesha uwezo wa sifa za dawamfadhaiko wa kubadili hali ya kinga mwilini, kutuliza maumivu, na kuzuia uvimbe. Uchaguzi wa aina fulai ya dawamfadhaiko unaripotiwa kufanyika kwa misingi isiyokuwa na ushahidi wa utafiti wa tofauti katika utendakazi, ili kuepuka athari fulani na kuzingatia magonjwa ambatani ya akili (yanayojitokeza kwa wakati mmoja), dalili maalumu ya ugonjwa na historia kabla ya matibabu. <ref>{{cite journal|last=Zimmerman|first=M|year=2004|month=Julai|title=Which factors influence psychiatrists' selection of antidepressants?|journal=American Journal of Psychiatry|volume=161|issue=7|pages=1285–9|publisher=American Psychiatric Association|pmid=15229063|url=http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/content/full/161/7/1285|accessdate=2009-05-29|doi=10.1176/appi.ajp.161.7.1285|last2=Posternak|first2=M|last3=Friedman|first3=M|last4=Attiullah|first4=N|last5=Baymiller|first5=S|last6=Boland|first6=R|last7=Berlowitz|first7=S|last8=Rahman|first8=S|last9=Uy|first9=K|archive-date=2008-09-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080926121035/http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/content/full/161/7/1285|url-status=dead}}</ref> Pia imeripotiwa kwamba, licha ya ushahidi babaishi unaoonyesha tofauti kubwa ya utendakazi kati ya dawamfadhaiko za awali na zile za karibuni zaidi, matabibu wanaona kuwa madawa mapya zaidi, ikiwa ni pamoja na SSRIs na SNRIs, yana ufanisi zaidi kuliko dawa za awali (dawa dhidi ya dawamfadhaiko aina ya trisaikliki na MAOIs). <ref>{{cite journal|last=Petersen|first=T|year=2002|month=Januari|title=A survey of prescribing practices in the treatment of depression|journal=Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry|volume=26|issue=1|pages=177–87|publisher=Elsevier|pmid=11853110|doi=10.1016/S0278-5846(01)00250-0 |accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Dording|first2=C|last3=Neault|first3=NB|last4=Kornbluh|first4=R|last5=Alpert|first5=JE|last6=Nierenberg|first6=AA|last7=Rosenbaum|first7=JF|last8=Fava|first8=M}}</ref> Utafiti nchini Uingereza ulionyesha kwamba madaktari wa kiume walikuwa na uwezekano mkubwa zaidi wa kuagiza dawamfadhaiko kuliko madaktari wa kike. <ref>{{cite news|title=Male GPs depression pills 'bias' |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/4704053.stm|date=21 Julai 2005|publisher=BBC News|accessdate=2009-05-29}}</ref> Idadi ya dawamfadhaiko iliyoagizwa na NHS nchini Uingereza iliongezeka karibu mara dufu katika kipindi cha mwongo mmoja, kulingana na ripoti ya serikali katika mwaka wa 2010. Aidha idadi iliongezeka sana katika mwaka wa 2009 wakati maagizo milioni 39.1 yalitolewa ikilinganishwa na milioni 20.1 mwaka wa 1999. Pia, madaktari walitoa maagizo ya dawa milioni 3.18 zaidi mwaka wa 2009 kuliko mwaka wa 2008. Wizara za afya ziliamimi kuwa ongezeko hili kwa kiwango fulani lilitokana na kuzorota kwa uchumi. Hata hivyo, sababu nyingine ni pamoja na kuboreshwa kwa mchakato wa utambuzi wa magonjwa, na kupunguka kwa unyanyapaa kwa magonjwa ya akili, na dhiki zaidi iliyosababishwa na kuzorota kwa uchumi. Aidha, wasiwasi wa madaktari ni kuwa baadhi ya watu wanaoonyesha dalili kidogo zaidi za mfadhaiko wanaagiziwa dawa zisizohitajika kutokana na ukosefu wa chaguo zingine ikiwa ni pamoja na tiba kwa njia ya kuzungumza, kupata ushauri na tabia ya utambuzi wa tabia. Kipengele kimoja kingine ambacho huenda kinaongeza matumizi ya dawamfadhaiko ni kwamba dawa hizi sasa zinatumiwa kutibu magonjwa mengine ikiwa ni pamoja na wasiwasi wa kijamii na dhiki baada ya kiwewe. <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2010/jun/11/antidepressant-prescriptions-rise-nhs-recession| title=Antidepressant Use Rises as Recession Feeds Wave of Worry|date=2010-06-11|accessdate= 2010-07-01 | location=London | work=The Guardian | first=Rowenna | last=Davis}}</ref> Matumizi ya dawamfadhaiko nchini Marekani yameongezeka mara dufu katika mwongo mmoja, kutoka mwaka wa 1996 hadi 2005. Dawamfadhaiko ziliagizwa kwa watu milioni 13 katika mwaka wa 1996 na kwa watu milioni 27 kufikia mwaka wa 2005. Katika mwaka wa 2008, zaidi ya maagizo milioni 164 yaliandikwa. Katika kipindi hiki, kulikuwa na uwezekano wa chini zaidi kwa wagonjwa kupitia matibabu ya kisaikolojia. <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE5725E720090804| title=Antidepressant Use Doubles in U.S., Study Finds|date=2009-08-04|accessdate= 2010-07-01 | work=Reuters}}</ref> === Dawamfadhaiko zilizoagizwa zaidi === [[Picha:Escitalopram2DACS.svg|thumb|right|Fomula ya muundo wa eskitalopramu ya SSRI, katika hali yake ya msingi ya bure.]] Dawamfadhaiko zilizoagizwa zaidi katika soko la Marekani katika mwaka wa 2007 <ref>Idadi ya maagizo ilikadiriwa kama jumla ya maagizo kwa madawa yanayolingana ya mwigo na asilia kwa kutumia data kutoka kwa chati kwa majina ya madawa ya mwigo na asilidawa brand-generiska. {{cite web | title = Top 200 generic drugs by units in 2007. | work = Drug Topics, 18 Februari 2008 | url = http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/Top200Drugs/ArticleStandard/article/detail/491194 | accessdate = 2008-10-23 | archivedate = 2009-07-18 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20090718184023/http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/Top200Drugs/ArticleStandard/article/detail/491194 }} {{cite web | title = Top 200 brand drugs by units in 2007. | work = Drug Topics, 18 Februari 2008 | url = http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/PharmacyFactsAndFigures/ArticleStandard/article/detail/491210 | accessdate = 2008-10-23 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20090629042030/http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/PharmacyFactsAndFigures/ArticleStandard/article/detail/491210 | archivedate = 2009-06-29 | url-status = dead }}</ref> zilikuwa: {| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" |- ! Dawa ! Chapa ya dawa ! Kategoria ! Maagizo ya mwaka wa 2007 (kwa milioni) |- | Satralini | Zoloft | SSRI | 29.652 |- | Eskitalopramu | Lexapro | SSRI | 27.023 |- | Fluksetini | Prozac | SSRI | 22.266 |- | Bupropioni | Wellbutrin | NDRI | 20.184 |- | Paroksetini | Paxili | SSRI | 18.141 |- | Venlafaksini | Effexor | SNRI | 17.200 |- | Sitalopramu | Celexa | SSRI | 16.246 |- | Trazodoni | Desyrel | SARI | 15.473 |- | Amitriptailini | Elavil | TCA | 13.462 |- | Duloksetini | Cymbalta | SNRI | 12.551 |- | Mitazapini | Remeron | TCA | 5.129 |- | Nortriptailini | Pamelor | TCA | 3.105 |- | Imipramini | Tofranil | TCA | 1.524 |} Dawamfadhaiko zilizoagizwa zaidi nchini Ujerumani zinaripotiwa kuwa ni (minyopoo kolezi ya) hypericum perforatum (St John's Wort). <ref>{{cite book|last=Tyler|first=VE|editor=Janick J|title=Perspectives on New Crops and New Uses|url=http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/proceedings1999/|accessdate=2009-05-29|year=1999|publisher=ASHS Press|isbn=978-0-9615027-0-6|pages=528|chapter=Herbs Affecting the Central Nervous System|chapterurl=http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/proceedings1999/v4-442.html}}</ref> Nchini Uholanzi, paroksetini, inayouzwa kama Seroxat kati ya dawa zisizo asilia, ndiyo dawamfadhaiko inayoagizwa zaidi, ikifuatiwa na dawamfadhaiko aina ya trisaikliki inayoitwa amitriptailini, Sitalopramu na venlafaksini. <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gipdatabank.nl/index.asp?scherm=tabellenFrameSet&infoType=g&tabel=01-basis&item=N06AB |title=GIPdatabank |publisher=Gipdatabank.nl |date= |accessdate=2008-11-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081206123718/http://www.gipdatabank.nl/index.asp?scherm=tabellenFrameSet&infoType=g&tabel=01-basis&item=N06AB |archivedate=2008-12-06 |https://web.archive.org/web/20081206123718/http://www.gipdatabank.nl/index.asp?scherm=tabellenFrameSet&infoType=g&tabel=01-basis&item=N06AB |=https://web.archive.org/web/20081206123718/http://www.gipdatabank.nl/index.asp?scherm=tabellenFrameSet&infoType=g&tabel=01-basis&item=N06AB }}</ref> === Utaratibu wa utendakazi === Athari za matibabu za dawamfadhaiko zinaaminika kuwa zinasababishwa na madhara kwa nyurotransmita na upitishaji wa msukumo. Nadharia tete ya Monoamini ni nadharia ya bayolojia inayosema kuwa mfadhaiko unasababishwa na kiwango cha chini cha utendaji wa monoamini katika ubongo, kama vile dopamini, serotonini, na norepinefrini. Katika miaka ya 1950, vizuizi vya oksidesi ya monoamini (MAOIs) na madawa dhidi ya mfadhaiko aina ya tricyclic ziligunduliwa kimakosa kuwa na ufanisi katika matibabu ya mfadhaiko. Matokeo haya na ushahidi mwingine egemezi yalimfanya Joseph Schildkraut achapishe makala yake yanayoitwa "The Catecholamine Hypothesis of Affective Disorders" katika mwaka wa 1965. Schildkraut alihusisha viwango vya chini ya nyurotransmita na mfadhaiko. Utafiti kuhusu magonjwa mengine ya akili kama vile skizofrenia pia yalitambua kuwa kiwango cha chini cha shughuli za kifisiolojia za baadhi ya nyurotransmita zilihusishwa na matatizo hayo. Nadharia tete hii imelengwa sana katika utafiti wa ngazi za pathofisiolojia na kutibu magonjwa kwa utumia dawa kwa zaidi ya miaka 25. Vizuizi vya oksidesi ya monoamini (MAOIs) huzuia uvunjaji wa nyurotransmita za monoamini serotonini, norepinefrini, na dopamini kwa kuzuia [[kimeng'enya]] oksidesi ya monoamini, na hivyo kusababisha kuongezeka kwa ukolezi wa nyurotransmita hizi katika ubongo na kuongezeka kwa upitishaji wa msukumo. Dawamfadhaiko aina ya trisaikliki (TCAs) huzuia ufyonyaji upya wa nyurotransmita mbalimbali, ikiwa ni pamoja na serotonini norepinefrini, na kwa kiwango kidogo zaidi dopamini. Siku hizi dawamfadhaiko zinazotumiwa zaidi ni kizuizi cha uchukuzi wa serotonini kinachochagua (SSRIs), ambazo huzuia ufyonyaji upya wa serotonini (na hivyo kuongeza kiwango cha serotonini inayofanya kazi katika sinepsi ya ubongo). Dawamfadhaiko zingine zinaathiri ufyonyaji upya wa norepinefrini, au vipokezi vingine kwenye seli ya neva. Wakati MAOIs, TCAs na SSRIs zinaongeza viwango vya serotonini, zingine huzuia serotonini kushikana na vipokezi vya 5-HT _2A, na hivyo kupendekeza kuwa ni fikra sahili sana kusema kuwa serotonini ni homoni ya furaha. Kwa kweli, wakati dawamfadhaiko za awali hukusanyika kwenye mfumo wa damu na kiwango cha serotonini ikaongezeka, ni kawaida kwa mgonjwa kuhisi ni kama anazidiwa katika wiki za kwanza za matibabu. Mojawapo ya maelezo ya jambo hili ni kuwa vipokezi vya 5-HT_2A viligeuka kama ishara ya uloweshwaji (watu wanaotumia vipinzani vya 5-HT_2A mara nyingi huongeza uzito), na hivyo kumwambia mnyama aache kutafuta chakula, mwenzi, n.k., na aanze kutafuta wanyama wanaowawinda wanyama wengine. Katika hali ya hatari ni jambo la manufaa kwa mnyama kutohisi njaa hata kama anahitaji chakula. Mchangamsho wa vipokezi vya 5-HT_2A utawezesha jambo hili kufanyika. Lakini ikiwa ni tishio la kudumu, mnyama anahitaji kuanza kula na kujamiiana tena - na ukweli kuwa aliponea kifo inaonyesha kuwa tishio halikuwa la kiwango cha hatari kama mnyama huyo alihisi. Kwa hivyo idadi ya vipokezi vya 5-HT_2A hupungua kupitia mchakato unaojulikana kama urekebishaji kwa njia ya kupunguza na mnyama anarudia tabia yake ya kawaida. Hii inaashiria kwamba kuna njia mbili za kukabiliana na wasiwasi kwa binadamu na serotonergic: dawa za kuzuia kusisimua wa-HT _2A receptors 5 au kwa kuwasisimua kupita kiasi mpaka upungufu kupitia kuvumiliana. Kusisimua au kuzuia wa vipokezi tofauti juu ya kiini na huathiri maumbile usemi wake. Matokeo ya karibuni yameonyesha kuwa nyurojenesi, na hivyo, mabadiliko katika mofojenesi ya ubongo, hupatanisha athari za madawa ya dawamfadhaiko. <ref name="pmid16425236">{{cite journal |author=Warner-Schmidt JL, Duman RS |title=Hippocampal neurogenesis: opposing effects of stress and antidepressant treatment |journal=Hippocampus |volume=16 |issue=3 |pages=239–49 |year=2006 |pmid=16425236 |doi=10.1002/hipo.20156 |url=}}</ref> Nadharia tete nyingine ni kuwa huenda dawamfadhaiko zikawa na athari za muda mrefu kutokana na ukuzaji wa nyurojenesi katika hipokampasi, athari ambayo inapatikana kwa panya. <ref>{{cite journal|last=Malberg|first=JE|date=15 Desemba 200|title=Chronic antidepressant treatment increases neurogenesis in adult rat hippocampus|journal=Journal of Neuroscience|volume=20|issue=24|pages=9104–10|publisher=Society for Neuroscience|pmid=11124987|url=http://www.jneurosci.org/cgi/content/full/20/24/9104|accessdate=2009-05-29|author2=E|author3=N|author4=D}}</ref> <ref>{{cite journal|last=Manev|first=H|year=2001|month=Mei|title=Antidepressants alter cell proliferation in the adult brain in vivo and in neural cultures in vitro|journal=European Journal of Pharmacology|volume=411|issue=1-2|pages=67–70|publisher=Elsevier|pmid=11137860|doi=10.1016/S0014-2999(00)00904-3|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Uz|first2=T|last3=Smalheiser|first3=NR|last4=Manev|first4=R}}</ref> Utafiti wa wanyama wengine unaonyesha kuwa dawamfadhaiko zinaweza kuathiri ukamuaji wa jeni katika seli za ubongo, kwa kuathiri "jeni inayofinyanza protini zinazodhibiti mzunguko wa utendakazi wa mambo mbalimbali mwilini".<ref>{{cite journal|last=Uz|first=T|year=2005|title=Effect of fluoxetine and cocaine on the expression of clock genes in the mouse hippocampus and striatum|journal=Neuroscience|volume=134|issue=4|pages=1309–16|publisher=Elsevier|pmid=15994025|doi=10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.05.003|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Ahmed|first2=R|last3=Akhisaroglu|first3=M|last4=Kurtuncu|first4=M|last5=Imbesi|first5=M|last6=Dirim Arslan|first6=A|last7=Manev|first7=H}}</ref> Utafiti mwingine unaonyesha kuwa kucheleweshwa kwa mwanzo wa athari zinazotokana na dawamfadhaiko kunaonyesha kuwepo kwa uwezo wa kubadilika kwa athari za dawamfadhaiko. Utafiti wa wanyama wagugunaji kila mara umeonyesha kuongezeka kwa kasi ya mfumo ya 3, 5-adenosini ya fosfeti moja wenye mzunguko (cAMP), ikisababishwa na aina tofauti za matibabu sugu lakini yasiyo kali ya dawamfadhaiko, ikiwa ni pamoja na serotonini na vizuizi vya ufyonyaji wa norepinefrini,vizuia oksidesi vya monoamini, dawa dhidi ya mfadhaiko aina ya tricyclic, lithiamu na matibabu ya mtukutiko meme. cAMP inasanisiwa kutoka kwa trifosfati 5-ya adenosini (ATP) na saiklesi ya adenilili na kufanyiwa umetaboli na mizunguko ya vivunja viungo vya fosfodi nyukleotidi (PDEs). <ref>{{cite journal|last=Zang|first=HT|date=12 Julai 2005|title=Interaction between the antidepressant-like behavioral effects of beta adrenergic agonists and the cyclic AMP PDE inhibitor rolipram in rats |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_psychopharmacology_2005-10_182_1/page/104|journal=Psychopharmacology|volume=182|issue=1|pages=104–115|publisher=Springer|location=Berlin|doi=10.1007/s00213-005-0055-y|pmid=16010541|accessdate=2009-05-28|last2=Huang|first2=Y|last3=Mishler|first3=K|last4=Roerig|first4=SC|last5=O'Donnell|first5=JM}}</ref> Takwimu pia zinaonyesha kwamba dawamfadhaiko zinaweza kurekebisha kunyumbuka kwa mfumo wa neva yakitumiwa kwa muda mrefu. <ref>{{cite journal|last=Carboni|first=L|year=2006|month=Oktoba|title=Proteomic analysis of rat hippocampus and frontal cortex after chronic treatment with fluoxetine or putative novel antidepressants: CRF1 and NK1 receptor antagonists|journal=European Neuropsychopharmacology|volume=16|issue=7|pages=521–537|publisher=Elsevier|doi=10.1016/j.euroneuro.2006.01.007|pmid=16517129|accessdate=2009-05-28|last2=Vighini|first2=M|last3=Piubelli|first3=C|last4=Castelletti|first4=L|last5=Milli|first5=A|last6=Domenici|first6=E}}</ref> Nadharia moja kuhusu chanzo cha mfadhaiko ni kwamba ina sifa ya utendaji wa kupita kiasi wa jira ya adrena ya hypothalamiki-tezi (jira ya HPA ) ambayo inafanana na mwitikio wa mfumo wa neva na mwili kwa dhiki. Hali hii ya jira za HPA zisizo za kawaida hushiriki katika kuendeleza ya dalili za mfadhaiko na dawamfadhaiko humtumika kudhibiti utendakazi wa jira ya HPA. <ref>Carmine M. Pariante kazi, Taasisi ya Taaluma ya tiba ya Psychiatry Mfalme wa Chuo cha London [http://www.neuroendo.org.uk/content/view/31/11/ unyogovu, stress och Adrenal axis ya.] {{Wayback|url=http://www.neuroendo.org.uk/content/view/31/11/ |date=20080706035853 }} Jamii ya Uingereza ya Niuroendokrinolojia, 2003.</ref> === Ulinganishaji === Dawamfadhaiko kadhaa zimelinganishwa hapa chini: <ref name="pmid9537821">{{cite journal | author = Tatsumi M, Groshan K, Blakely RD, Richelson E. | title = Pharmacological profile of antidepressants and related compounds at human monoamine transporters. | journal = Eur J Pharmacol. | volume = 340 | issue = 2-3 | pages = 249–258 | year = 1997 | pmid = 9537821 | doi = 10.1016/S0014-2999(97)01393-9 }}</ref> <ref name="pmid9400006">{{cite journal | author = Owens MJ, Morgan WN, Plott SJ, Nemeroff CB. | title = Neurotransmitter receptor and transporter binding profile of antidepressants and their metabolites. | journal = J Pharmacol Exp Ther. | volume = 283 | issue = 3 | pages = 1305–1322 | year = 1997 | pmid = 9400006 }}</ref> <ref name="pmid7855217">{{cite journal | author = Cusack B, Nelson A, Richelson E. | title = Binding of antidepressants to human brain receptors: focus on newer generation compounds. | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_psychopharmacology_1994-05_114_4/page/559 | journal = Psychopharmacology (Berl). | volume = 114 | issue = 4 | pages = 559–565 | year = 1994 | pmid = 7855217 | doi = 10.1007/BF02244985 }}</ref> <ref name="bookEssentials of clinical psychopharmacology">{{cite book | author = Alan F. Schatzberg, Charles B. | title = Essentials of clinical psychopharmacology | publisher = American Psychiatric Pub | year = 2006 | page = 7 | isbn = 1585622435, 9781585622436 }}</ref> <!-- table seems broken {| kategoria="sortable wikitable" | ''' Mchanganyiko ''' || '''[[Kisafirisha-Serotonini|SERT]]''' || '''[[Kisafirisha-Norepinefrini|NET]]''' || '''[[Kisafirisha-Dopamini|DAT]]''' || '''[[Kipokezi cha Histamine H1|H₁]]''' || '''[[Kipokezi cha asetilikolini ya Muskarini|M_1-5]]''' || '''[[Kipokezi cha andrenaji Alfa-1|α₁]]''' || '''[[Kipokezi cha andrenaji Alpha-2|α₂]]''' || '''[[5-HT1A|5-HT_1A]]''' || '''[[5-HT2|5-HT₂]]''' || '''[[Kipokezi cha D2|D₂]]''' |- | [[Agomelatini]] || ? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | | 270 | |? | - | [[Amitriptailini]] | | 4.3 | | 35 | | 3250 | | 0.95 | | 9.6 | | 24 | | 690 | | 450 | | 18 | | 1460 | - | [[Amoksapini]] | | 58 | | 16 | | 4310 | | 25 | | 1000 | | 50 | | 2600 | |? | |? | |? | - | [[Atomoksetini]] | | 8.9 | | 2.03 | | 1080 | | 5500 | | 2060 | | 3800 | | 8800 | | 10900 | | 940 | | 35,000 + | - | [[Bupropioni]] | | 45026 | | 1389 | | 2784 | | 11800 | | 35,000 + | | 4200 | | 35,000 + | | 35,000 + | | 35,000 + | | 35,000 + | - | Buspironi | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | | 138 | |? | | 5.7 | | 174 | | 362 | - | Butriptailini | | 1360 | | 5100 | | 3940 | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | - | Sitalopramu | | 1.16 | | 4070 | | 28100 | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | - | Klomipramini | | 0.28 | | 38 | | 2190 | | 31 | | 37 | | 38 | | 3200 | |? | |? | |? | - | Desipramini | | 17.6 | | 0.83 | | 3190 | | 60 | | 66 | | 100 | | 5500 | | 6400 | | 350 | | 3500 | - | Dosulepini | | 8.6 | | 46 | | 5310 | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | - | Doksepini | | 68 | | 29.5 | | 12100 | | 0.17 | | 23 | | 23.5 | | 1270 | | 276 | | 27 | | 360 | - | Duloksetini | | 0.8 | | 7.5 | | 240 | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | - | Etoperidoni | | 890 | | 20000 | | 52000 | | 3100 | | 35,000 + | | 38 | | 570 | | 85 | | 36 | | 2300 | - | Femoksetini | | 11 | | | 760 | 2050 | | 4200 | | 184 | | 650 | | 1970 | | 2285 | | 130 | | 590 | - | Fluoksetini | | 0.81 | | 240 | | 3600 | | 5400 | | 590 | | 3800 | | 13900 | | 32400 | | 280 | | 12000 | - | Fluvoksamini | | 0.81 | | 240 | | 3600 | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | - | Imipramini | | 1.4 | | 37 | | 8500 | | 37 | | 46 | | 32 | | 3100 | | 5800 | | 150 | | 620 | - | Lofepramini | | 70 | | 5.4 | | 18000 | | 360 | | 67 | | 100 | | 2700 | | 4600 | | 200 | | 2000 | - | Maprotilini | | 5800 | | 11.1 | | 1000 | | 2 | | 570 | | 90 | | 9400 | |? | |? | |? | - | | Mazindoli | 100 | | 1.4 | | 11 | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | - | Mianserini | | 4000 | | 71 | | 9400 | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | - | Milnasiprani | | 123 | | 200 | | 10,000 + | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | - | Mirtazapini | | 1500 + | | ~ 1250 | | 1500 + | | 1 ~ | | ~ 1000 | | 500 ~ | | 100 ~ | | 1500 + | | 10 ~ | | 1,500 + | - | Nefazodoni | | 200 | | 360 | | 360 | | 24000 | | 11000 | | 48 | | 640 | | 80 | | 26 | | 910 | - | Nisoksetini | | 383 | | 5.1 | | 477 | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | - | Nomifensini | | 1010 | | 15.6 | | 56 | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | - | Nortriptailini | | 18 | | 4.37 | | 1140 | | 6.3 | | 37 | | 55 | | 2030 | | 294 | | 41 | | 2570 | - | Oksaprotilini | | 3900 | | 4.9 | | 4340 | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | - | Paroksetini | | 0.13 | | 40 | | 490 | | 22000 | | 108 | | 4600 | | 17000 | | 35,000 + | | 19000 | | 32000 | - | Protriptailini | | 19.6 | | 1.41 | | 2100 | | 25 | | 25 | | 130 | | 6600 | |? | |? | |? | - | Reboksetini | | 720 | | 11 | | 10,000 + | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | - | Satralini | | 0.29 | | 420 | | 25 | | 24000 | | 630 | | 380 | | 4100 | | 35,000 + | | 9900 | | 10700 | - | Trazodoni | | 160 | | 8500 | | 7400 | | 1100 | | 35,000 + | | 42 | | 320 | | 96 | | 25.0 | | 35,000 + | - | Trimipramini | | 149 | | 2450 | | 3780 | | 0.27 | | 58 | | 24 | | 680 | |? | |? | |? | - | Venlafaksini | | 82 | | 2480 | | 7647 | | 35,000 + | | 35,000 + | | 35,000 + | | 35,000 + | | 35,000 + | | 35,000 + | | 35,000 + | - | Viloksazini | | 17300 | | 155 | | 100,000 + | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | - | Zimelidini | | 152 | | 9400 | | 11700 | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? |) --> Nambari zilizo hapo juu zimeandikwa kama nambari zisizobadilika za ulinganifu tenganishi. Unapaswa kukumbuka kuwa kidogo ni zaidi. SERT, NET, na DAT zinalingana na uwezo wa michanganyiko wa kuzuia ufyonyaji upya wa serotonini, norepinefrini, na dopamini, mtawalia. Hizo thamani zingine zinalingana na mvuto wao kwa vipokezi mbalimbali. === Kuzuia uvimbe na kuathiri kinga ya mwili === Utafiti wa karibuni unaonyesha kuwa michakato ya saikotini inayosababisha uvimbe hutendeka wakati wa mfadhaiko wa kimawazo, wazimu, na maradhi ya hisia mseto, na inawezekana kuwa dalili ya hali hizi hupunguzwa na athari za dawa ya dawamfadhaiko kwenye mfumo wa kinga. <ref>{{cite journal|last=O'Brien|first=SM|year=2006|month=Februari|title=Cytokine profiles in bipolar affective disorder: focus on acutely ill patients|journal=Journal of Affective Disorders|volume=90|issue=2-3|pages=263–7|publisher=Elsevier|pmid=16410025|doi=10.1016/j.jad.2005.11.015|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Scully|first2=P|last3=Scott|first3=LV|last4=Dinan|first4=TG}}</ref> <ref>{{cite journal|last=Obuchowicz|first=E|year=2005|month=Sep-OCt|title=Antidepressants and cytokines--clinical and experimental studies|journal=Neurol Neurochir Psychiatr Pol|volume=39|issue=5|pages=921–36|pmid=16358592|oclc=11190611|language=Polish|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Marcinowska|first2=A|last3=Herman|first3=ZS}}</ref> <ref>{{cite journal|last=Hong|first=C-J|year=2005|month=Novemba|title=Interleukin-6 Genetic Polymorphism and Chinese Major Depression|journal=Neuropsychobiology|volume=52|issue=4|pages=202–5|publisher=Karger AG|location=Basel|pmid=16244501|doi=10.1159/000089003|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Yu|first2=YW|last3=Chen|first3=TJ|last4=Tsai|first4=SJ}}</ref> <ref name="Elen">{{cite journal|last=Elenkov|first=IJ|year=2005|month=Septemba|title=Cytokine dysregulation, inflammation and well-being|journal=NeuroImmunoModulation|volume=12|issue=5|pages=225–69|publisher=Karger AG|location=Basel|pmid=16166805|doi=10.1159/000087104|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Iezzoni|first2=DG|last3=Daly|first3=A|last4=Harris|first4=AG|last5=Chrousos|first5=GP}}</ref> <ref>{{cite journal|last=Kubera|first=M|date=30 Aprili 2005|title=Effects of serotonin and serotonergic agonists and antagonists on the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6|journal=Psychiatry Research|volume=134|issue=3|pages=251–8|publisher=Elsevier|pmid=15892984|doi=10.1016/j.psychres.2004.01.014|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Maes|first2=M|last3=Kenis|first3=G|last4=Kim|first4=YK|last5=Lasoń|first5=W}}</ref> Tafiti pia zimeonyesha kuwa utoaji wa kuselelea wa homoni za dhiki kutokana na ugonjwa, ikiwa ni pamoja na maambukizi ya viungo au dalili za kingamwilinafsi, unaweza kupunguza athari za nyurotransmita au vipokezi vingine katika ubongo kupitia njia zilizopatanishwa na seli zinazosababisha uvimbe, na hivyo kusababisha ya udibiti mbaya wa homoni za mfumo wa neva. <ref name="Elen" /> SSRIs, SNRIs na dawamfadhaiko{/3 aina ya {2}tricyclic zinazotenda kazi kwenye vipokezi vya serotonini, norepinefrini na dopamini vimetambuliwa kuwa dhahiri kuwa za kuathiri kinga ya mwili na kuzuia uvimbe dhidi ya michakato ya [[saitokini]], hasa kwa udhibiti wa [[Intaferoni ya gama]] (IFN-gamma) na [[Intaleukini-10]] (IL-10), pamoja na [[TNF-alfa]] na [[Intaleukini-6]] (IL-6). Imetambulika pia kuwa dawamfadhaiko huzuia kuongezeka kwa kasi ya mfumo wa TH1. <ref>{{cite journal|last=Diamond|first=M|year=2006|month=Oktoba|title=Antidepressants suppress production of the Th1 cytokine interferon-gamma, independent of monoamine transporter blockade|journal=European Neuropsychopharmacology|volume=16|issue=7|pages=481–90|publisher=Elsevier|pmid=16388933|doi=10.1016/j.euroneuro.2005.11.011|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Kelly|first2=JP|last3=Connor|first3=TJ}}</ref> <ref>{{cite journal|last=Kubera|first=M|year=2001|month=Aprili|title=Anti-Inflammatory effects of antidepressants through suppression of the interferon-gamma/interleukin-10 production ratio|journal=Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology|volume=21|issue=2|pages=199–206|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|pmid=11270917|doi=10.1097/00004714-200104000-00012|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Lin|first2=AH|last3=Kenis|first3=G|last4=Bosmans|first4=E|last5=Van Bockstaele|first5=D|last6=Maes|first6=M}}</ref> <ref>{{cite journal|last=Maes|first=M|year=2001|month=Januari|title=The immunoregulatory effects of antidepressants|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_human-psychopharmacology_2001-01_16_1/page/95|journal=Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental|volume=16|issue=1|pages=95–103|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|pmid=12404604|doi=10.1002/hup.191|accessdate=2009-05-29}}</ref> <ref>{{cite journal|last=Maes|first=M|year=2005|month=Machi|title=The negative immunoregulatory effects of fluoxetine in relation to the cAMP-dependent PKA pathway|journal=International Immunopharmacology|volume=5|issue=3|pages=609–18|publisher=Elsevier|pmid=15683856|doi=10.1016/j.intimp.2004.11.008|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Kenis|first2=G|last3=Kubera|first3=M|last4=De Baets|first4=M|last5=Steinbusch|first5=H|last6=Bosmans|first6=E}}</ref> <ref>{{cite journal|last=Brustolim D|first=D|year=2006|month=Juni|title=A new chapter opens in anti-inflammatory treatments: the antidepressant bupropion lowers production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma in mice|journal=International Immunopharmacology|volume=6|issue=6|pages=903–7|publisher=Elsevier|pmid=16644475|doi=10.1016/j.intimp.2005.12.007|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Ribeiro-Dos-Santos|first2=R|last3=Kast|first3=RE|last4=Altschuler|first4=EL|last5=Soares|first5=MB}}</ref> Dawamfadhaiko, hasa TCAs na SNRIs (mchanganyiko wa SSRIna NRI), pia zimeonyesha tabia za kutuliza maumivu. <ref>{{cite journal|last=Moulin|first=DE|year=2007|month=Spring|title=Pharmacological management of chronic neuropathic pain - consensus statement and guidelines from the Canadian Pain Society|journal=Pain Research & Management|volume=12|issue=1|pages=13–21|publisher=Pulsus Group|pmid=17372630|pmc=2670721|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Clark|first2=AJ|last3=Gilron|first3=I|last4=Ware|first4=MA|last5=Watson|first5=CP|last6=Sessle|first6=BJ|last7=Coderre|first7=T|last8=Morley-Forster|first8=PK|last9=Stinson|first9=J}}</ref> <ref>{{cite journal|last=Jones|first=CK|year=2006|month=Desemba|title=Analgesic effects of serotonergic, noradrenergic or dual reuptake inhibitors in the carrageenan test in rats: Evidence for synergism between serotonergic and noradrenergic reuptake inhibition|journal=Neuropharmacology|volume=51|issue=7-8|pages=1172–1180|publisher=Elsevier|pmid=17045620|doi=10.1016/j.neuropharm.2006.08.005|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Eastwood|first2=BJ|last3=Need|first3=AB|last4=Shannon|first4=HE}}</ref> Tafiti hizi zinatoa kibali cha kuchunguza dawamfadhaiko kwa matumizi kwa magonjwa ya akili na yale yasiyo ya akili na kuwa huenda mkabala wa mwingiliano kati ya michakato ya kisaikolojia na mifumo ya neva na kinga utahitajika ili kufikia upeo wa kutibu magonjwa kwa dawa.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Kulmatycki|first=KM|year=2006|month=Oktoba|title=Drug disease interactions: role of inflammatory mediators in depression and variability in antidepressant drug response|journal=Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences|volume=9|issue=3|pages=292–306|publisher=Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences|pmid=17207413|url=http://www.ualberta.ca/~csps/JPPS9_3/Kulmatycki/Kul_Jam.htm|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Jamali|first2=F}}</ref> Huenda dawamfadhaiko za baadaye zitaundwa ili kulenga hasa mfumo wa kinga iwe kwa kuzuia utendaji wa saikotini zinazosababisha uvimbe au kwa kuongeza uzalishaji wa saikotini zinazozuia uvimbe. <ref>{{cite journal|last=O'Brien|first=SM|year=2004|month=Agosti|title=Cytokines: abnormalities in major depression and implications for pharmacological treatment|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_human-psychopharmacology_2004-08_19_6/page/397|journal=Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental|volume=19|issue=6|pages=397–403|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|pmid=15303243|doi=10.1002/hup.609|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Scott|first2=LV|last3=Dinan|first3=TG}}</ref> == Ufanifu wa matibabu == Utafiti mwingi umefanywa ili kutathmini uwezekano wa athari za matibabu za dawamfadhaiko, iwe ni kupitia uchunguzi wa utendakazi katika hali ya majaribio (ikiwa ni pamoja na utafiti wa kiafya bila utaratibu maalumu) au kupitia uchunguzi wa ufanisi katika "hali halisi." ''Mwitikio'' unaofaa kwa dawa mara nyingi hufafanuliwa kama kupunguzwa kwa angalau 50% ya dalili zilizoripotiwa na mgonjwa binafsi au zinazoonekana, huku ''sehemu ya majibu'' ikifafanuliwa kama kupunguza angalau 25% ya dalili hizo. Neno ''kupungua'' linarejelea uondoaji wa kweli lakini usio bayana wa dalili za dawamfadhaiko, lakini wenye hatari ya ''kurudi'' kwa dalili au ''kuugua tena'' na ugonjwa wa mfadhaiko. Kupunguka kabisa au ''kupona'' kunaashiria kurudi kabisa kwa hali ya "kawaida" ya saikolojia ikiandamana na utendakazi kamili. === Ukaguzi wa tafiti === Ukaguzi wa tafiti za kimatibabu za hivi karibuni ni pamoja na: * Kulinganisha uhusiano wa utendakazi wa kategoria mbalimbali za dawamfadhaiko<ref>{{cite journal |author=Anderson IM |title=Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors versus tricyclic antidepressants: a meta-analysis of efficacy and tolerability |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-affective-disorders_2000-04_58_1/page/19 |journal=J Affect Disord |volume=58 |issue=1 |pages=19–36 |year=2000 |month=Aprili |pmid=10760555 |doi=10.1016/S0165-0327(99)00092-0 }}</ref> katika mazingira tofauti <ref>MacGillivray, S., Arroll, B., Hatcher, S., Ogston, S., Reid, I., Sullivan, F., Williams, B., Crombie, I. (2003) [http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=154760 Utendakazi na uvumilivu wa vizuizi vya uchukuzi wa serotonini vinavyochagua ikilinganishwa na dawa dhidi ya mfadhaiko aina ya tricyclic kwa mfadhaiko uliotibiwa katika unyogovu kutibiwa katika huduma: ukaguzi wa hatua kwa hatua na uchambuzi wa matokeo ya tafiti kadhaa] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130801115652/http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=154760 |date=2013-08-01 }} ''BMJ.'' 10 Mei 326 (7397): 1014.</ref> na kwa aina mbalimbali za mfadhaiko<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.4088/JCP.v62n0209 |author=Parker G, Roy K, Wilhelm K, Mitchell P |title=Assessing the comparative effectiveness of antidepressant therapies: a prospective clinical practice study |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-clinical-psychiatry_2001-02_62_2/page/117 |journal=J Clin Psychiatry |volume=62 |issue=2 |pages=117–25 |year=2001 |month=Februari |pmid=11247097 |doi_brokendate=2010-08-28 }}</ref> * Utathmini wa dawamfadhaiko ikilinganishwa na "kipozaungo hai" <ref name="ncbi.nlm.nih.gov" /> * Utathmini wa aina mpya zaidi za ya kategoria ya MAOI <ref> Lotufo-Neto, F., Trivedi, M., &amp; Thase, M.E (1999) [http://www.nature.com/npp/journal/v20/n3/full/1395258a.html Uchambuzi wa matokeo ya tafiti kadhaa kuhusu ddI yanaweza kupunguzwa Inhibitors Aina ya Oxidase Monoamine A Moclobemide na Brofaromine kwa ajili ya matibabu ya unyogovu] ''Neuropsychopharmacology'' 20 226-247.10.1038</ref> * Uchambuzi wa matokeo ya majaribio kadhaa ya St John's Wort<ref>{{cite journal |author=Linde K, Mulrow CD, Berner M, Egger M |title=St John's wort for depression |journal=Cochrane Database Syst Rev |volume= |issue=2 |pages=CD000448 |year=2005 |pmid=15846605 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD000448.pub2 }}</ref> yaliyochaguliwa bila utaratibu maalumu * Ukaguzi wa matumizi ya dawamfadhaiko kwa kutibu mfadhaiko kwa watoto<ref> Jureidini JN, CJ Doecke, Mansfield PR, Haby MM, Menkes DB, AL Tonkin. (2004) [http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/328/7444/879?ijkey=4f893b9f91cb92fde9abb867c1dd21fb35b7b9d3&amp;keytype2=tf_ipsecsha Utendakazi na usalama wa dawamfadhaiko kwa watoto na vijana.] BMJ. 2004 10 Aprili, 328 (7444) :879-83.</ref> <ref>Lakhan SE, Hagger-Johnson G. [http://www.cpementalhealth.com/content/3/1/21 Matokeo ya maagizo ya vitatiza akili kwa vijana] {{Wayback|url=http://www.cpementalhealth.com/content/3/1/21 |date=20081017084221 }}. ''Mazoezi ya kimatibabu na Epidemolojia katika Uzima wa Akili'' 2007; 3 (21).</ref> *Ukaguzi wa majaribio yote kuhusu dawamfadhaiko yaliyowasilishwa kwa Usimamizi wa Vyakula na Dawa nchini Marekani (FDA) kutoka mwaka wa 1987 hadi 2004 umeonyesha kuwa karibu nusu ya majaribio hayo yalishindwa kuonyesha faida yoyote ikilinganishwa na kipozaungo. Matokeo yote ya majaribio yaliyofanikiwa ila moja yalichapishwa katika majarida ya kisayansi, huku karibu majaribio yote yaliyofeli ama hayakuchapishwa au yalitolewa kwa njia ya kuwapotosha watu kama matokeo chanya (ikilinganishwa na tathmini ya FDA ya data hiyo). Jambo hili lilitokea kwa kuwa ingawa uchunguzi unahitajika kabla ya kupata idhini ya kimatibabu, uchunguzi unaoonyesha matokeo mengi si lazima yachapishwe au (kama yakichapishwa) yapewe kipaumbele sawa. Kwa hivyo, ingawa vitabu vya utafiti vilionyesha kwamba asilimia 94 ya majaribio yalikuwa na matokeo mazuri, katika data halisi iliyowasilishwa kwa Usimamizi wa Vyakula na Dawa, ni asilimia 51 pekee iliyokuwa na matokeo mazuri. Upendeleo huu katika uchapishaji ulipandisha athari dhairi ya takwimu za kila dawamfadhaiko iliyochunguzwa kwa kati ya 11% na 69%. <ref name="Turner EH, Matthews AM, Linardatos E, Tell RA, Rosenthal R 2008 252–60" /> * Uchambuzi wa matokeo ya majaribio kadhaa uliofanywa na watafiti kutoka Uingereza, Marekani na Kanada na kuchapishwa mwaka wa 2008 ulitafiti majaribio ya madawa yaliyodhaminiwa na kampuni za dawa ili kutambua dawamfadhaiko sita kuu za kizazi kipya zilizoagizwa zaidi na kuwasilishwa kwa idhini ya FDA kati ya mwaka wa 1987 na 1999. Matokeo, kulingana na uchambuzi wa matokeo ya majaribio ya awali, yalionyesha kuwa tofauti katika utendakazi kati ya dawamfadhaiko na kipozaungo ulikuwa mdogo, lakini kuwa uliongezeka kutoka kiwango cha kutokuwa na tofauti hadi kiwango cha wastani cha mfadhaiko wa hadi tofauti ndogo kwa wagonjwa wenye mfadhaiko mkali. Tofauti hii ilifikia kigezo cha kawaida cha matibabu kwa wagonjwa waliokuwa upande wa juu wa kategoria ya walioathirika zaidi na mfadhaiko, kutokana na kupungua kwa utendakazi wa kipozaungo. <ref name="pmid18303940">{{cite journal |author=Kirsch I, Deacon BJ, Huedo-Medina TB, Scoboria A, Moore TJ, Johnson BT |title=Initial severity and antidepressant benefits: a meta-analysis of data submitted to the Food and Drug Administration |journal=PLoS Med. |volume=5 |issue=2 |pages=e45 |year=2008 |pmid=18303940 |doi=10.1371/journal.pmed.0050045 |pmc=2253608}}</ref> Utafiti ulienea katika vyombo vya habari katika baadhi ya nchi, lakini ulikosolewa na jamii ya wataalamu. <ref>[170] ^ K. Eisele, MD Je, dawamfadhaiko hufanya kazi? Ukaguzi wa mapitio. Tovuti ya Doctors Lounge. Inapatikana kwa: http://www.doctorslounge.com/index.php/articles/page/152 {{Wayback|url=http://www.doctorslounge.com/index.php/articles/page/152 |date=20100303180328 }}. Accessed 21 Septemba 2009.</ref> Eli Lilly na wenzake walijibu kwa kusisitiza kuwa utafiti haukuzingatia uchunguzi wa karibuni zaidi wa bidhaa yake, Prozac, na kuwa inajivunia tofauti iliyoletwa na Prozac kwa mamilioni ya watu. GlaxoSmithKline ilionya kuwa utafiti huu mmoja haupaswi kutumiwa kuwapa wasiwasi na kuwatisha wagonjwa. Wyeth alisema kuwa data hiyo ilitosha kwa FDA kuwapa idhini ya kutumia dawa hizo. <ref>Blue, L. (2008) [http://www.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,1717306,00.html Dawamfadhaiko hazisaidii pakubwa] {{Wayback|url=http://www.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,1717306,00.html |date=20110211013701 }} Time magazine, Jumanne 26 Februari</ref> Wataalamu wawili maarufu wa magonjwa ya akili/ wataalamu wa dawa, wenye uhusiano wa kifedha na kitaalamu na makampuni ya dawa, walisema kuwa majaribio ya muda mfupi hayafai katika kutathmini ufanisi, na kuwa yale ambayo hayajachapishwa ni duni zaidi. Pia walisema kuwa waandishi wa uchambuzi wa matokeo ya majaribio walitumia misingi ya kisaikolojia badala ya ile ya upimaji wa dawa, na kuwa vyombo vya habari na "vipengele vya jumuia ya kisayansi na tiba havijishughulishi na maswala kuhusu dawamfadhaiko" na kuwa vyombo vya habari havifahamu uzito wa ugonjwa wa mfadhaiko na badala yake vinawashutumu wanaougua kwa njia yenye misingi ya mitazamo ya kidini ya enzi za kati. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Nutt DJ, Malizia AL |title=Why does the world have such a 'down' on antidepressants? |journal=J. Psychopharmacol. (Oxford) |volume=22 |issue=3 |pages=223–6 |year=2008 |month=Mei |pmid=18541622 |doi=10.1177/0269881108091877 }}</ref> *Makala katika The Washington Post ya tarehe 7 Mei 2002 yenye kichwa "Against Depression, a Sugar Pill Is Hard to Beat" yalisema kuwa "Uchambuzi mpya umetambua kuwa katika nyingi ya majaribio yaliofanywa na makampuni ya dawa katika miongo ya hivi karibuni, vidonge vya sukari vimeleta matokeo bora yaliyo sawa na -au wakati mwingine bora zaidi ya- dawamfadhaiko. Makampuni yamepaswa kufanya majaribio kadhaa ili yaweze kupata mbili ambazo zinaonyesha matokeo mazuri, jambo ambalo ni hitaji la msingi kwa kupata idhini ya Usimamizi wa Vyakula na Dawa. Isitoshe, vidonge vya sukari, vipozaungo, kusababisha mabadiliko makubwa katika maeneo yaleyale ya ubongo yaliyoathirika na dawa, kulingana na utafiti iliochapishwa wiki iliyopita ... ya watengenezaji wa Prozac walipaswa kufanya majaribio matano ili kupata mawili chanya, na watengenezaji wa Paxil na Zoloft walipaswa hata kufanya majaribio mengi zaidi ... Leuchter alipolinganisha mabadiliko kwenye bongo za wagonjwa waliopewa vipozaungo, alishangaa kutambua kuwa wengi wao walikuwa na mabadiliko katika sehemu sawa za ubongo zinazodhaniwa kuwa hudhibiti vijisehemu muhimu vya hisia ... Baada ya jaribio hilo kuisha na wagonjwa waliopewa vipozaungo kufahamishwa, hali yao ilizorota mara kwa haraka. Imani ya watu kwa nguvu za dawamfadhaiko inaweza kueleza sababu za wagonjwa kufanya vizuri wakipewa vipozaungo... " <ref>[http://www.chelationtherapyonline.com/technical/p58.htm Dhidi ya Mfadhaiko, ni vigumu kushindana na kidonge cha sukari] {{Wayback|url=http://www.chelationtherapyonline.com/technical/p58.htm |date=20100925021110 }} , The Washington Post, 7 Mei 2002</ref> === Miongozo ya matibabu === Mwongozo wa mwaka wa 2000 wa Ushirikiano wa Marekani wa kuchunguza magonjwa ya akili wa kutibu wagonjwa wenye mfadhaiko mkuu<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.guidelines.gov/summary/summary.aspx?doc_id=2605&nbr=1831 |title=Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with major depressive disorder |publisher=Guidelines.gov |date= |accessdate=2008-11-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081028165751/http://www.guidelines.gov/summary/summary.aspx?doc_id=2605&nbr=1831 |archivedate=2008-10-28 |https://web.archive.org/web/20081028165751/http://www.guidelines.gov/summary/summary.aspx?doc_id=2605&nbr=1831 |=https://web.archive.org/web/20081028165751/http://www.guidelines.gov/summary/summary.aspx?doc_id=2605&nbr=1831 }}</ref> unaonyesha kuwa ikipendelewa zaidi na mgonjwa, dawamfadhaiko inaweza kutolewa kama matibabu msingi ya awali kwa ugonjwa wa mfadhaiko mkuu wa kiwango cha chini; dawamfadhaiko inapaswa kutumika tu kwa viwango wastani hadi vikuu vya mfadhaiko isipokuwa kama matibabu ya mtukutiko meme yamepangwa; na mchanganyiko wa dawa za kuzuia magonjwa ya akili na dawamfadhaiko au ya ya mtukutiko meme zinafaa kutumika kwa kutibu mfadhaiko wa kichaa. Inasema kuwa utendakazi unaweza kulinganishwa kwa ujumla kati ya kategoria na ndani ya kategoria na kuwa uteuzi wa awali utategemea pakubwa msingi ya athari zinazotarajiwa kwa mgonjwa binafsi, mapendeleo ya mgonjwa, wingi na ubora wa data ya utafiti wa kiafya kuhusu dawa, na gharama yake. Miongozo ya mwaka wa 2004 wa Taasisi ya Taifa ya Ubora wa Matibabu nchini Uingereza (NICE) inaonyesha kuwa dawamfadhaiko hazipaswi kutumiwa kwa matibabu ya awali ya mfadhaiko wa kiwango cha chini, kwa kuwa uwiano kati ya hatari na manufaa ni wa chini; kwa ule wa mfadhaiko wa kiwango cha wastani hadi kali, dawa aina ya SSRI ina uwezekano mkuu zaidi wa kuvumiliwa kuliko ile ya tricyclic; na kuwa dawamfadhaiko za mfadhaiko mkuu zinafaa kujumuishwa na matibabu ya kisaikolojia kama vile Tiba ya Utambuzi wa Kitabia. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/CG23 |title=Depression |publisher=Nice.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2008-11-06}}</ref> === Upungufu wa ufanifu na mikakati === Kati ya 30% na 50% ya watu waliotibiwa na dawamfadhaiko maalumu hawaonyeshi mwitikio kwa dawa. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Baghai TC, Möller HJ, Rupprecht R |title=Recent progress in pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment options of major depression |journal=Curr. Pharm. Des. |volume=12 |issue=4 |pages=503–15 |year=2006 |pmid=16472142 |doi=10.2174/138161206775474422 }}</ref> <ref name="SSRIswitch">{{cite journal |author=Ruhé HG, Huyser J, Swinkels JA, Schene AH |title=Switching antidepressants after a first selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor in major depressive disorder: a systematic review |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-clinical-psychiatry_2006-12_67_12/page/1836 |journal=J Clin Psychiatry |volume=67 |issue=12 |pages=1836–55 |year=2006 |month=Desemba |pmid=17194261 |doi=10.4088/JCP.v67n1203 }}</ref> Hata pale ambapo kumekuwa na mwitikio mzuri, ni kawaida kupata kuwa mfadhaiko na utendakazi mbaya huendelea, na viwango vya kuugua tena ni vya juu kwa kati ya mara 3 hadi 6 zaidi katika matukio hayo. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Tranter R, O'Donovan C, Chandarana P, Kennedy S |title=Prevalence and outcome of partial remission in depression |journal=J Psychiatry Neurosci |volume=27 |issue=4 |pages=241–7 |year=2002 |month=Julai |pmid=12174733 |pmc=161658 }}</ref> Aidha, dawamfadhaiko huelekea kupoteza utendakazi katika kipindi cha matibabu. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Byrne SE, Rothschild AJ |title=Loss of antidepressant efficacy during maintenance therapy: possible mechanisms and treatments |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-clinical-psychiatry_1998-06_59_6/page/279 |journal=J Clin Psychiatry |volume=59 |issue=6 |pages=279–88 |year=1998 |month=Juni |pmid=9671339 }}</ref> Idadi kubwa ya mikakati hutumika katika matibabu ili kujaribu kushinda vikomo na tofauti hizi. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Mischoulon D, Nierenberg AA, Kizilbash L, Rosenbaum JF, Fava M |title=Strategies for managing depression refractory to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor treatment: a survey of clinicians |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_canadian-journal-of-psychiatry_2000-06_45_5/page/476 |journal=Can J Psychiatry |volume=45 |issue=5 |pages=476–81 |year=2000 |month=Juni |pmid=10900529 }}</ref> ==== Ubadilishaji wa kubahatisha ==== Mwongozo wa mwaka wa 2000 wa Ushirikiano wa Marekani wa kuchunguza magonjwa ya akili unashauri kuwa pale ambapo hakuna mwitikio baada ya kati ya wiki sita na nane ya matibabu kwa kutumia dawamfadhaiko maalumu, unafaa kubadili dawa na utumie dawamfadhaiko nyingine katika kategoria hiyo, kisha baadaye utumie dawamfadhaiko kutoka kategoria tofauti. Ukaguzi wa matokeo ya majaribio ya hivi karibuni ulitambua tofauti kubwa katika matokeo ya tafiti za awali; kwa wagonjwa waliokosa kutibiwa na dawamfadhaiko aina ya SSRI, kati ya 12% na 86% walionyesha mwitikio kwa dawa mpya, huku kati ya 5% na 39% wakisimamisha matibabu kutokana na athari mbaya. Mgonjwa ambaye tayari amejaribu aina kadhaa za dawamfadhaiko ana uwezekano mdogo zaidi wa kunufaika kutokana na jaribio jipya la dawamfadhaiko. <ref name="SSRIswitch"/> ==== Ukuzaji na uambatanishaji ==== Kuhusu mwitikio wa kiasi, miongozo ya Ushirikiano wa Marekani kuhusu magonjwa ya akili inashauri kuongeza aina mbalimbali za vikolezo vya dawa kwenye dawamfadhaiko. Utafiti unaonyesha kuwa wagonjwa wengi hushindwa kufikia kiwango cha kupunguza tibamfadhiko, na mikakati ya kuongeza inayotimika katika matibabu ni pamoja na matumizi ya [[Lithi|lithiamu]] na kuongezwa kwa homoni ya kikoromeo, lakini hakuna misingi bora ya ushahidi kwa mbinu hizi au kwa mikakati mipya zaidi kama vile kutumia antagonisti za dopamini, steroidi za ngono, NRI, vikolezo maalum vya glukokotikoidi, au vizuiakifafa <ref name="augment">{{cite journal |author=DeBattista C, Lembke A |title=Update on augmentation of antidepressant response in resistant depression |journal=Curr Psychiatry Rep |volume=7 |issue=6 |pages=435–40 |year=2005 |month=Desemba |pmid=16318821 |doi=10.1007/s11920-005-0064-x }}</ref> Mkakati wa kuchanganya unahusisha kuongeza dawamfadhaiko moja au zaidi ya ziada, kwa kawaida kutoka kategoria tofauti ili kuleta athari mbalimbali kwenye mfumo wa neva. Ingawa hili linaweza kutumika katika matibabu, kuna ushahidi mdogo kuhusu uhusiano wa utendakazi au athari mbaya za mkakati huu. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Lam RW, Wan DD, Cohen NL, Kennedy SH |title=Combining antidepressants for treatment-resistant depression: a review |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-clinical-psychiatry_2002-08_63_8/page/685 |journal=J Clin Psychiatry |volume=63 |issue=8 |pages=685–93 |year=2002 |month=Agosti |pmid=12197448 }}</ref> ==== Matumizi ya muda mrefu ==== Athari za matibabu ya dawamfadhaiko kwa kawaida hayaendelei kufanya kazi mara tu madawa yanapokomeshwa, na hivyo kusababisha kiwango cha juu cha kuugua tena. Uchambuzi wa karibuni wa matokeo ya majaribio 31 ya dawamfadhaiko yaliyodhibitiwa na vipozaungo, hasa yanayohusu utafiti uliofanywa kwa kipindi cha mwaka mmoja, yalionyesha 18% ya wagonjwa walioitikia dawamfadhaiko waliugua tena wakiwa wangali wanyatumia, ikilinganishwa na 41% ambao tiba zao zilibadilishwa na kupewa vipozaungo. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Geddes JR, Carney SM, Davies C |title=Relapse prevention with antidepressant drug treatment in depressive disorders: a systematic review |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_2003-02-22_361_9358/page/652 |journal=Lancet |volume=361 |issue=9358 |pages=653–61 |year=2003 |month=Februari |pmid=12606176 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12599-8 }}</ref> Miongozo ya Ushirikiano wa Marekani kuhusu magonjwa ya akili inashauri kuendelezwa kwa matibabu ya dawamfadhaiko kwa kati ya miezi nne hadi sita kufuatia kumalizika kwa dalili. Kwa wagonjwa wenye historia ya matukio ya mfadhaiko, Miongozo ya Shirika la Uingereza la taaluma ya athari za dawa za magonjwa ya akili ya mwaka wa 2000 ya kutibu magonjwa ya mfadhaiko kwa kutumia dawamfadhaiko yanashauri mgonjwa aendelee kutumia dawamfadhaiko kwa angalau miezi sita na kwa muda wa hadi miaka mitano au milele. Iwapo mtu ataugua tena au la baada ya kuacha kutumia dawamfadhaiko haionekani kuhusiana na muda wa matibabu ya awali, hata hivyo, na kupotezwa polepole kwa faida za matibabu pia hutokea wakati huo huo. Mkakati unaohusisha kutibu magonjwa kwa dawa kwa kutibu magonjwa makali, ukifuatiwa na matibabu ya kisaikolojia katika awamu ya mabaki, yamependekezwa na tafiti fulani. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Fava GA, Park SK, Sonino N |title=Treatment of recurrent depression |journal=Expert Rev Neurother |volume=6 |issue=11 |pages=1735–40 |year=2006 |month=Novemba |pmid=17144786 |doi=10.1586/14737175.6.11.1735 }}</ref> <ref>{{cite journal |author=Petersen TJ |title=Enhancing the efficacy of antidepressants with psychotherapy |journal=J. Psychopharmacol. (Oxford) |volume=20 |issue=3 Suppl |pages=19–28 |year=2006 |month=Mei |pmid=16644768 |doi=10.1177/1359786806064314 }}</ref> === Kutofaulu kwa matibabu === Takriban 30% ya wagonjwa hupungukiwa na mfadhaiko baada ya kutumia dawa. <ref name="pmid16390886">{{cite journal |author=Trivedi MH, Rush AJ, Wisniewski SR |title=Evaluation of outcomes with citalopram for depression using measurement-based care in STAR*D: implications for clinical practice |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-psychiatry_2006-01_163_1/page/28 |journal=The American journal of psychiatry |volume=163 |issue=1 |pages=28–40 |year=2006 |pmid=16390886 |doi=10.1176/appi.ajp.163.1.28}}</ref> Kwa wagonjwa wasio na mwitikio wa kutosha, ama kuendelea kuongeza bupropioni (awali {{nowrap|200 mg}} ichukuliwe {{nowrap|100 mg}} kila siku na baadaye kuongezwa hadi jumla ya {{nowrap|400 mg}} kwa siku) au buspironi (hadi {{nowrap|60 mg}} kwa siku) ya kuongezwa kama dawa ya pili inaweza kusababisha kupunguka kwa karibu 30% ya wagonjwa, <ref name="pmid16554526">{{cite journal |author=Trivedi MH, Fava M, Wisniewski SR |title=Medication augmentation after the failure of SSRIs for depression |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_new-england-journal-of-medicine_2006-03-23_354_12/page/n55 |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=354 |issue=12 |pages=1243–52 |year=2006 |pmid=16554526 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa052964}}</ref> huku kubadilisha madawa kunaweza kupunguza mfadhaiko kwa karibu 25% ya wagonjwa. <ref name="pmid16554525">{{cite journal |author=Rush AJ, Trivedi MH, Wisniewski SR |title=Bupropion-SR, sertraline, or venlafaxine-XR after failure of SSRIs for depression |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_new-england-journal-of-medicine_2006-03-23_354_12/page/n43 |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=354 |issue=12 |pages=1231–42 |year=2006 |pmid=16554525 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa052963}}</ref> ==== Kwa sababu ya mimba ==== Hakuna uhakika ikiwa mimba huchangia kutofaulu kwa dawa, kwa kuwa ripoti ya pekee hadi sasa imekumbwa na utata mwingi: Katika mwaka wa 2006, utafiti maarufu sana uliochapishwa katika jarida la ''Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA)'' ulipinga dhana kuwa mabadiliko ya homoni wakati wa ujauzito huwalindwa mama wajawazito dhidi ya mfadhaiko, na kutambua kuwa kutoendelea na matibabu dhidi ya mfadhaiko wakati wa ujauzito husababisha zaidi kuugua tena. <ref>{{cite journal | last = Cohen, MD | first =Lee S. | title = Relapse of Major Depression During Pregnancy in Women Who Maintain or Discontinue Antidepressant Treatment | journal = Journal of the American Medical Association | volume =295 | issue = 5 | pages = 499–507 | publisher = American Medical Association | date= 1 Februari 2006 | url = http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/abstract/295/5/499 | accessdate = 2007-06-14 | doi = 10.1001/jama.295.5.499 | pmid = 16449615 | last2 = Altshuler | first2 = LL | last3 = Harlow | first3 = BL | last4 = Nonacs | first4 = R | last5 = Newport | first5 = DJ | last6 = Viguera | first6 = AC | last7 = Suri | first7 = R | last8 = Burt | first8 = VK | last9 = Hendrick | first9 = V}}</ref> Makala ya ''JAMA'' hayakufichua kuwa baadhi ya waandishi walikuwa na uhusiano wa kifedha na makampuni ya dawa yanayotengezeza dawamfadhaiko. ''JAMA'' baadaye ilichapisha makala rekebishi ili kubainisha uhusiano huo <ref>{{cite journal | title = Relapse of Major Depression During Pregnancy in Women Who Maintain or Discontinue Antidepressant Treatment—Correction | journal = JAMA | volume = 296 | issue = 2 | page = 170 | date = 12 Julai 2006 | url = http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/jama;296/2/170 | accessdate = 2007-06-14 | doi = 10.1001/jama.296.2.170 | archive-date = 2007-09-29 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070929122051/http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/jama%3B296/2/170 | dead-url = yes }}</ref> na waandishi walisisitiza kuwa mahusiano hayo hayaathiri kwa vyovyote kazi yao ya utafiti. Daktari wa uzazi na afya ya mama na mtoto Adam Urato aliliambia jarida la ''Wall Street'' kuwa wagonjwa na wataalamu wa matibabu wanahitaji ushauri bila ushawishi wa viwanda. <ref>David Armstrong, "Mwingiliano wa Madawa: Mahusiano ya kifedha na Viwanda yanazingira utafiti mkuu kuhusu mfadhaiko kuhusu: Ikiwa ni salama kwa wanawake wajawazito kuendelea kutumia madawa - JAMA inawauliza Waandishi waeleze zaidi." Wall Street Journal. 11 Julai 2006 ( [http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/06192/705022-114.stm nakala] {{Wayback|url=http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/06192/705022-114.stm |date=20111125085721 }} iliyochapishwa kwenye post gazette.com-)</ref> == Dalili za kuacha matumizi == Dawa ya SSRI ikimomeshwa ghafla, inaweza kusababisha dalili za kuacha za kimwili na za kisaikolojia, jambo linalojulikana kama "Dalili za kuacha za SSRI" (Tamam & Ozpoyraz, 2002). Wakati uamuzi wa kuacha kutumia dawamfadhaiko unapofanywa, ni jambo la kawaida "kujiachisha" kwa kupunguza kipimo polepole kwa muda wa wiki kadhaa. Kesi nyingi za dalili za kuachishwa huendelea kwa kati ya wiki mmoja na nne. Uteuzi wa dawamfadhaiko na kipimo kinachofaa kwa tukio fulani na mtu fulani ni mchakato mrefu na wenye utata, unaohitaji maarifa ya mtaalamu. Baadhi ya dawamfadhaiko yanaweza kutibua mfadhaiko katika siku za awali, yanaweza kusababisha wasiwasi, au wanaweza kumfanya mgonjwa awe na fujo, dhiki au ahisi sana kujiua. Katika matukio chache, dawamfadhaiko inaweza kusababisha kubadilika kutoka mfadhaiko hadi wazimu au haipomania. == Athari == Dawamfadhaiko mara nyingi husababisha athari mbaya, na ugumu wa kuvumilia athari hizi ndiyo sababu kuu ya kutoendelea na dawa yenye ufanisi mkuu. Athari za SSRIs ni pamoja na: kichefuchefu, kuendesha, fadhaa, kuumwa na kichwa. Athari kwa ngono pia ni kawaida kwa SSRI, kama vile kupotea kwa hamu ya kufanya mapenzi, kushindwa kufikia mshindo na shida ya kusimika. Dalili za ugonjwa wa serotonini pia ni hali inayoleta wasiwasi inayohusishwa na matumizi ya SSRI. Usimamizi wa Vyakula na Dawa unahitaji SSRI zote ziweke onyo la Pakiti Nyeusi (Black Box), inayosema kuwa zinaongeza mara dufu kiwango cha kujiua (kutoka 2 kati ya 1000 hadi 4 kati ya 1000) kwa watoto na vijana. <ref>{{cite journal | last = Lenzer | first = Jeanne | title = Antidepressants double suicidality in children, says FDA | journal = BMJ | volume = 332 | page = 626 | year = 2006 | url = http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/332/7542/626-c | doi = 10.1136/bmj.332.7542.626-c | accessdate = 2008-04-14}}</ref> Hatari iliyoongezeka kwa kutaka kujiua na tabia ya kujiua kati ya watu wazima chini ya umri wa miaka 25 ambayo yanaonekana kwa kuonekana kwa watoto na vijana. <ref> BMJ: [http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/abstract/339/aug11_2/b2880?maxtoshow=&amp;HITS=10&amp;hits=10&amp;RESULTFORMAT=&amp;fulltext=suicide&amp;searchid=1&amp;FIRSTINDEX=0&amp;sortspec=date&amp;resourcetype=HWCIT Hatari ya kujiua katika majaribio ya kliniki ya dawamfadhaiko kwa watu wazima] . 11 Agosti 2009.</ref> Madhara ya TCAs (dawamfadhaiko aina ya trisaikliki): Athari zinazojitokeza sana ni pamoja na kinywa kikavu, kiwaa, kusinzia, kizunguzungu, kutetemeka, matatizo ya ngono, ugonjwa wa ngozi, na kupata uzito au hasara. Madhara ya MAOI (vizuizi vya oksidesi ya monoamini): Athari zisizo za kawaida za MAOIs kama fenilzini (Nardil) na tranilsaipromini (Parnate) ni pamoja na homa ya manjano, mshtuko wa moyo, [[Kiharusi|kiharusi]], na kifafa. Ugonjwa wa serotonini ni athari ya MAOIs ukiwekwa pamoja na madawa fulani. === Kujiua === Wagonjwa wa mfadhaiko ndio wenye hatari kubwa zaidi ya [[Jiua|kujiua]] mara tu baada ya kuanza kwa matibabu, kwa kuwa dawamfadhaiko zinaweza kupunguza dalili za mfadhaiko kama vile kudumaa kwa mwendo kunakohusishwa na michakato ya akili au ukosefu wa motisha kabla ya halihisi ya moyo kuanza kuwa bora. Ingawa jambo hili linaonekana kuwa kweli kinzani, uchunguzi unaonyesha kuwa uundaji wa mawazo ya kujiua ni kawaida wakati wa kuanza matibabu kwa dawamfadhaiko, na huenda likawa jambo la kawaida kwa wagonjwa wenye umri mdogo zaidi kama vile watoto walio karibu kubalehe na vijana. Watengenezaji wa madawa na madaktari mara nyingi huwapendekeza familia na wapendwa kufuatilia tabia ya mgonjwa mdogo kwa ishara zozote za mawazo ya kujiua au tabia, hasa katika kipindi cha wiki nane za kwanza za matibabu. Kabla ya onyo za pakiti nyeusi kwa madawa haya kutolewa na FDA na mashirika yaliyo sawa katika mataifa mengine, athari na kuzionya familia kuhusu hatari zilipuuzwa na kuchukuliwa kwa urahisi sana na watengenezaji wa madawa na wauguzi. Huenda jambo hili lilisababisha vifo kadhaa kupitia kujiua ingawa ushahidi wa moja kwa moja unaohusiana na matukio hayo hauna misingi dhabiti ya kisheria. Kuongezeka kwa taarifa kuhusu mawazo ya kujiua katika tafiti kadhaa kumevuta nadhari na kuibua uangalifu zaidi kuhusu namna ambavyo dawa hizi zinavyotumika. Watu wenye umri ulio chini ya miaka 24 wanaougua kutokana na mfadhaiko wanatahadharishwa kuwa matumizi ya dawamfadhaiko huenda yakaongeza hatari ya fikira na tabia ya kujiua. Maafisa wa afya ya ushirikisho walifungua [https://web.archive.org/web/20070930023930/http://www.ecanadanow.com/science/health/2006/12/13/fda-antidepressants-increase-suicidal-risk-for -young-adults/proposed changes] kwenye maandiko juu ya madawa ya dawamfadhaiko mnamo Desemba 2006 ili kuwaonya watu kuhusu hatari hii. FDA inasema kuwa Paxil inafaa kuepukwa kwa watoto na vijana na kuwa katika matukio ya matibabu ambapo watoto wanaugua kutokana na mfadhaiko, dawamfadhaiko inayopaswa kutumika ni Prozac. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://antidepressantseffects.com/depression/|title=Depression Antidepressants in Teenagers and Children|date=|accessdate=2010-07-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130520234355/http://antidepressantseffects.com/depression/|archivedate=2013-05-20}}</ref> Tarehe 6 Septemba 2007, na Vituo vya Kdhibiti na Kuzuia Magonjwa viliripoti kuwa kiwango cha kujiua kati ya vijana nchini Marekani, (hasa wasichana, wenye umri wa kati ya miaka 10-24), kiliongezeka kwa 8% (mwaka wa 2003 hadi 2004), ongezeko kubwa zaidi katika muda wa miaka 15, <ref name="NYTimes"> [http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/07/health/07suicide.html Visa vya kujiua vinaongezeka kati ya Vijana; Mjadala kuhusu dawamfadhaiko unaendelea] , Carey Benedict, New York Times, 7 Septemba 2007</ref> hadi kesi 4599 za kuiua kwa Waamerika wenye umri wa miaka 10 hadi 24 mwaka wa 2004, kutoka 4,232 mwaka wa 2003, hivyo kuifanya kiwango cha kujiua kiwe 7.32 kwa kila watu 100,000 wenye umri huo. Awali kiwango hicho kilikuwa kimeshuka hadi 6.78 kwa kila watu 100,000 katika mwaka wa 2003 kutoka 9.48 kwa kila watu 100,000 katika mwaka wa 1990. Baadhi ya wataalamu wa magonjwa ya akili wametambua kuwa ongezeko hili linatokana na kushuka kwa idadi ya maagizo ya dawamfadhaiko kama vile Prozac kwa vijana tangu mwaka wa 2003, na visa vingi zaidi vya mfadhaiko vimebaki bila kutibiwa. Katika utafiti wa Desemba 2006, jarida la The American Journal of Psychiatry lilisema kuwa kupungua kwa maagizo ya dawamfadhaiko kwa watoto kwa pointi chache tu za asilimia kulilingana na ongezeko la asilimia 14 ya waliojiua nchini Marekani; nchini [[Uholanzi]], kiwango cha kujiua kilipanda kwa 50% baada ya kupunguzwa kwa maagizo ya dawamfadhaiko. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Simon GE, Savarino J, Operskalski B, Wang PS |title=Suicide risk during antidepressant treatment |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-psychiatry_2006-01_163_1/page/41 |journal=Am J Psychiatry |volume=163 |issue=1 |pages=41–7 |year=2006 |pmid=16390887 |doi=10.1176/appi.ajp.163.1.41}}</ref> Wahakiki kadhaa wa utafiti huu wanasema kuwa takwimu za kujiua za mwaka wa 2004 nchini Marekani zililinganishwa kwa njia sahili sana na mwaka uliopita, badala ya kuchunguza mabadiliko katika mwenendo kwa miaka kadhaa". <ref name="pmid18056248">{{cite journal |author=Jureidini J |title=The black box warning: decreased prescriptions and increased youth suicide? |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-psychiatry_2007-12_164_12/page/1907 |journal=Am J Psychiatry |volume=164 |issue=12 |page=1907 |year=2007 |pmid=18056248 |doi=10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.07091463}}</ref> Shida ya jitihada kama hizo za kuamua mwelekeo kwa kutumia pointi mbili tu za data (miaka ya 2003 na 2004) zimedhihirishwa zaidi kutokana na ukweli kwamba, kwa mujibu wa data mpya ya uambukizaji na udhibiti wa magonjwa, kiwango cha kujiua katika mwaka wa 2005 kwa watoto na vijana kilipungua licha ya kuzidi kupungua kwa maagizo ya SSRI. "Ni hatari kufanya uamuzi kutokana na uchambuzi mdogo na finyu ya visa vichache vya mwaka hadi mwaka vya kupanda na kushuka kwa maagizo ya dawamfadhaiko na kujiua. Njia moja nzuri inayohusu uambukizaji na udhibiti wa magonjwa ni kuchunguza uhusiano kati ya mienendo katika matumizi ya dawa za akili na kujiua kwa muda katika maeneo mengi madogo ya kijiografia. Hadi pale ambapo matokeo ya kina ya uchambuzi yatakapofahamika, ni jambo la busara kuhairisha maoni kuhusu athari za onyo la FDA kwa afya ya umma". <ref name="pmid18056247">{{cite journal |author=Olfson M, Shaffer D |title=SSRI Prescriptions and the Rate of Suicide |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-psychiatry_2007-12_164_12/page/1907 |journal=Am J Psychiatry |volume=164 |issue=12 |pages=1907–1908 |year=2007 |pmid=18056247 |doi=10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.07091467}}</ref> <ref name="titleN C H S - Health E Stats - Deaths: Preliminary Data for 2005">{{cite web |url=http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/pubs/pubd/hestats/prelimdeaths05/prelimdeaths05.htm |title=N C H S - Health E Stats - Deaths: Preliminary Data for 2005 |accessdate=2007-12-12 |author=Kung HC, Hoyert DL, Xu J, Murphy SL |authorlink= |coauthors= |date= |work= |publisher=National Center for Health Statistics |pages= |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote=}}</ref> Chunguzi za kufuatilia zilizofanywa baadaye zimeunga mkono nadharia tete kuwa dawa za dawamfadhaiko hupunguza hatari ya kujiua. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Bridge JA, Iyengar S, Salary CB |title=Clinical response and risk for reported suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in pediatric antidepressant treatment: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_jama_2007-04-18_297_15/page/n68 |journal=JAMA |volume=297 |issue=15 |pages=1683–96 |year=2007 |pmid=17440145 |doi=10.1001/jama.297.15.1683}}</ref> <ref>{{cite journal |author=Beasley CM, Ball SG, Nilsson ME |title=Fluoxetine and Adult Suicidality Revisited: An Updated Meta-Analysis Using Expanded Data Sources From Placebo-Controlled Trials |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-clinical-psychopharmacology_2007-12_27_6/page/682 |journal=J Clin Psychopharmacol |volume=27 |issue=6 |pages=682–686 |year=2007 |pmid=18004137 |doi=10.1097/jcp.0b013e31815abf21 }}</ref> Hata hivyo, uamuzi kuwa kushuka kwa kiwango cha kujiua katika jamii kunatokana na dawa kuagizwa kwa dawamfadhaiko ni antidepressant haiwezi kuaminika kutokana na wingi wa vigeugeu vinavyofadhaisha. === Ngono === Matatizo ya ngono ni athari ya kawaida sana, hasa kwa dawa za SSRI. Athari zinazohusiana na ngono ni pamoja na matatizo na hamu ya ngono, kutovutiwa na ngono, na anogasmia (shida kupata mshindo). <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.soc.ucsb.edu/sexinfo/question/antidepressants-and-anorgasmia |title=UCSB's SexInfo |publisher=Soc.ucsb.edu |date= |accessdate=2008-11-06 |archivedate=2009-05-20 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090520055421/http://www.soc.ucsb.edu/sexinfo/question/antidepressants-and-anorgasmia }}</ref> Ingawa zinaweza kupona, athari hizi za ngono zinaweza, katika visa vichache, kuendelea kwa miezi au miaka baada ya kuacha kabisa kutumia dawa. Hii inajulikana kama Utendakazi mbaya wa Kimapenzi baada ya matumizi ya SSRI. Utendakazi mbaya wa ngono uliosababishwa na SSRI huathiri 30% hadi 50% au zaidi ya watu wanaotumia dawa hizi kutibu mfadhaiko. Utaratibu wa kibiokemia unaosemekana kuwa wa kusababisha ni pamoja na kuongezeka kwa serotonini, hasa kunakoathiri vipokezi vya 5HT2 na 5HT3; kupungua kwa dopamini; kupungua kwa norepinefrini; uzuaji wa vipokezi vya kolinjeri na adrenaji alpha-1; kuzuiliwa kwa sinthetesi ya oksidi nitriki; na kupanda kwa viwango vya prolaktini. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Keltner NL, McAfee KM, Taylor CL |title=Mechanisms and treatments of SSRI-induced sexual dysfunction |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_perspectives-in-psychiatric-care_july-september-2002_38_3/page/111 |journal=Perspectives in Psychiatric Care |volume=38 |issue=3 |pages=111–6 |year=2002 |pmid=12385082 |doi=10.1111/j.1744-6163.2002.tb00665.x}}</ref> Bupropioni, kizuizi cha mara mbili (NE na DA) cha ufyonyaji upya, mara nyingi husababisha ongezeko la wastani la hamu ya kufanya mapenzi kutokana na kuongezeka kwa utendakazi wa dopamini. Athari hii pia hudhihirika kwa vizuizi vya ufyonyaji upya wa dopamini, vichangamsha CNS na agonisti za dopamini, na hutokana na kuongezeka kwa uzalishaji wa testosteroni (kutokana na kuzuiliwa kwa prolaktini) na usanisi wa oksidi nitriki. Mirtazapini (Remeron) imeripotiwa kuwa na athari chache zaidi, pengine kwa sababu inakinza vipokezi vya 5-HT2 na 5-HT3. Mitazapini, katika matukio fulani, inaweza kuondoa utendakazi mbaya wa ngono unaosababishwa na SSRI, ambayo pia kuna uwezekano kuwa unatokana na ukinzani wake na vipokezi vya 5-HT2 na 5-HT3<ref>{{cite journal |author=Ozmenler NK, Karlidere T, Bozkurt A |title=Mirtazapine augmentation in depressed patients with sexual dysfunction due to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_human-psychopharmacology_2008-06_23_4/page/321 |journal=Human Psychopharmacology |volume=23 |issue=4 |pages=321–6 |year=2008 |month=Juni |pmid=18278806 |doi=10.1002/hup.929}}</ref> Apomofini, nefazodoni na baruti kali zimeonyeshwa kuwa na uwezo wa kuondoa baadhi ya utendakazi mbaya wa ngono kupitia kuongezeka kwa utendakazi wa nitriki oksidi. MAOI zinaripotiwa kuwa na athari hasi chache zaidi kwa utendakazi wa ngono na hamu ya kufanya mapenzi, hasa moklobemidi kwa kiwango cha 1.9% ya matukio yote. Bethanekoli imeripotiwa kubadili utendakazi mbaya wa ngono unaosababishwa na MAOI kupitia sifa zake za agonisti za kolineji. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Gross MD |title=Reversal by bethanechol of sexual dysfunction caused by anticholinergic antidepressants |journal=The American Journal of Psychiatry |volume=139 |issue=9 |pages=1193–4 |year=1982 |month=Septemba |pmid=7114318 |doi= |url=http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=7114318}}</ref> === Mapenzi === Wanasaikolojia wengi wanaamini kuwamba dawamfadhaiko zinaathiri uwezo wa kupenda au kupokea upendo. Watumiaji wengi wa dawamfadhaiko pia wameripoti kuwa uwezo wao wa kupenda ulipunguzwa na dawamfadhaiko. Madawa ya dawamfadhaiko pia yanaweza kuzuia hisia za kimsingi za binadamu za upendo na mahaba. "Kuna sababu zinazofaa za kufikiri kuwa SSRI hupunguza uwezo wako wa kupenda na kubaki katika upendo," alisema Helen Fisher, mwana anthropolojia kutoka chuo kikuu cha Rutgers aliyeanzisha sayansi ya kisasa ya upendo. Dawamfadhaiko za SSRI hufanya kazi kwa kuongeza viwango vya mzunguko wa serotonini, nyurotransmita inayodhibiti halihisi ya moyo na pia inadhibiti tamaa. Madawa hayo pia hupunguza dopamini, nyurotransmita inayohusika katika michakato mbalimbali ya utambuzi na tabia, ikiwa ni pamoja na hamu na mwamsho. Utafiti mpya unaonyesha kuwa dopamini huenda pia ikawa na jukumu katika mahaba. Wakati wa kufanya mapenzi, mchanganyiko wa homoni hutolewa na unaonekana kuwa na majukumu muhimu katika kukuza uambatishaji wa kimapenzi ndani ya ubongo. Ukiondoa ngono, mapenzi ya kimahaba yanaweza kufifia. Lakini hii ni sehemu tu ya tatizo, anasema Fisher na mtaalamu wa saikolojia wa Chuo Kikuu cha Virginia James Thomson. Wakati wapenzi wanapopendana kwa dhati, kuonana tu kunasababisha kupanda kwa shughuli za ubongo zinazohusiana na dopamini. Wakiweza kuendelea kupendana, na hisia za awali ziweze kukua hadi ziwe mapenzi ya muda mrefu, kwa mvuto wa awali kukua hadi mapenzi ya muda mrefu, ruwaza za ubongo hubaki hai. Kupungua kwa viwango vya dopamini, hata hivyo, ni athari isiyoweza kuepukika ya SSRI. Ukipunguza dopamini, wanasema Fisher na Thomson, uwezekano wa upendo wenyewe ni utapunguka. <ref> http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2009/02/antidepressants/</ref> Watu wapweke wanaotumia dawamfadhaiko huenda wakaona ugumu zaidi kukutana na watu, kwa kuwa mwitikio wao wa asili wa ngono umepunguka. Baadhi ya watafiti wanaamini kuwa hamu ilitengenezwa ili kuwasaidia watu kuchagua wenzi wanaowafaa kijenetiki. Cheche zinazowaka unapokutana na mtu kwa mara ya kwanza zinakuambia kitu: Huenda huyu ndiye mwenzi wako. Wakati ishara hizo hazijitokezi, uwezekano wako wa kupata mwenzi anayefaa hupungua. <ref> http://www.psychologytoday.com/articles/200704/sex-love-and-ssris</ref> Kuna tafiti kadhaa kuhusu athari za dawamfadhaiko kwa vipengele mbalimbali vya upendo zaidi ya ashiki na utendaji wa kingono. Lakini katika majaribio ya kuvutia, mwanasaikolojia mmoja wa Kanada, Maryanne Fisher (hana uhusiano na Helen), aliripoti ushahidi katika utafiti mdogo mwaka wa 2004 ya kile alichokiita "kukufisha ganzi uchumba" kwa wanawake wanaotumia dawamfadhaiko. Walipoulizwa wakague uvutivu wa nyuso za wanaume, wanawake wanaotumia madawa hayo walikagua wanaume hao vibaya zaidi, na walizipitia picha kwa haraka zaidi kuliko wanawake wasiotumia dawamfadhaiko. === Thaimoanesthesia === Wenye uhusiano wa karibu na madhara ya ngono ni dhana ya kukufisha hisia ganzi, au ganzi ya halihisi. Watumiaji wengi wa SSRI hulalamika kuhusu hali ya kutojali, ukosefu wa motisha, kuganda hisia, hisia ya kutengwa, na kutojihusisha na mazingira. Wanaweza kueleza jambo hili kama hisia ya "kutojali tena kuhusu kitu chochote." SSRI, SNRI, na TCA za kutoa serotonini zote zinaweza kusababisha tofauti hizi zinazobadilika, hasa vikiwa kwa viwango vya juu. <ref> http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9184611</ref> === Kipindi cha usingizi ambapo macho huzunguka kwa kasi === Madawa yote makuu ya dawamfadhaiko, isipokuwa trimipramini, mirtazapini na nefazodoni huzuia kipindi cha usingizi ambapo macho huzunguka kwa kasi, na imependekezwa kuwa utendakazi wa kiafya wa madawa haya unatokana kwa kiasi kikubwa na athari zao za kuzuia kipindi cha usingizi ambapo macho huzunguka kwa kasi. Kategoria tatu kuu za madawa ya dawamfadhaiko, vizuizi vya oksidesi ya monoamini (MAOIs), dawa dhidi ya mfadhaiko aina ya trisaikliki (TCAs) na vizuizi vya uchukuzi wa serotonini vinavyochagua (SSRIs), huzuia pakubwa kipindi cha usingizi ambapo macho huzunguka kwa kasi. <ref>{{cite journal |first=Robert P. |last=Vertes |year=2000 |title=The case against memory consolidation in REM sleep |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_behavioral-and-brain-sciences_2000-12_23_6/page/n82 |journal=Behavioral and Brain Sciences |volume=23 |issue=6 |pages=867–876 |doi=10.1017/S0140525X00004003 |pmid=11515146 |last2=Eastman |first2=KE}}</ref> Mirtazapini ama haina athari kwa kipindi cha usingizi ambapo macho huzunguka kwa kasi au huiongeza kwa kiwango kidogo. <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pslgroup.com/dg/2030e2.htm |title=ISP: Mirtazapine Regulates Stress Hormones, Improves Sleep In Depressed Patients |accessdate=2010-10-18 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120304235031/http://www.pslgroup.com/dg/2030e2.htm |archivedate=2012-03-04 }}</ref> Dawa za aina ya MAOI huzuia kipindi cha usingizi ambapo macho huzunguka kwa kasi karibu kabisa, huku dawa aina za TCA na SSRI zimetambuliwa kuwa zinazalisha mara moja (40-85%) na kwa kuendelezwa (30-50%) upungukaji wa kipindi cha usingizi ambapo macho huzunguka kwa kasi. Athari hii mara nyingi huongeza uchovu kwa wagonjwa wanaotumia vipimo vikubwa vya dawamfadhaiko kwa muda mrefu. Uchovu kama huo mara kwa mara unaweza kukatiza shughuli za mgonjwa za kila siku. Ukomeshaji wa ghafla wa MAOI unaweza kusababisha tukio la muda linalojulikana kama "kurudi tena kwa kipindi cha usingizi ambapo macho huzunguka kwa kasi" ambapo mgonjwa huota ndoto dhairi sana na jinamizi. === Kuongeza Uzito === Dawamfadhaiko nyingi huhusishwa na kuongeza uzito kwa kawaida katika kiwango cha {{Convert|5|–|25|kg|lb|abbr=on}} lakini mara chache kwenda juu hadi {{Convert|50|kg|lb|abbr=on}} . Chanzo maalum haijulikani, lakini dawamfadhaiko huhusishwa na kuongezeka kwa kutamani vitu, na kutokuwa na uwezo wa kuhisi kama umeshiba licha ya kuingiza kalori za kutosha, viwango vya chini vya nguvu na kuongezeka kwa usingizi wa mchana, ambao unaweza kusababisha kukula kupindukia na ukosefu wa hamu ya kufanya mazoezi, na kinywa kikavu, ambayo inaweza kusababisha unywaji wa vinywaji vyenye kalori nyingi. Sifa za kumaliza kemikali za mzio za dawamfadhaiko kadhaa za kategoria ya TCA na TeCA zimetambulika kuwa zinachangia na upande wa athari wa kuongezeka kwa hamu ya chakula na kuongeza uzito unaohusiana na kategoria hizi za madawa. Ulaji wa asusa za kabohaidreti zenye kiwango cha chini cha mafuta na protini na dhifa zenye kabohaidreti nyingi unaruhusu ubongo kuzalisha serotonini inayodhibiti hamu ya chakula na kusawazisha halihisi ya moyo. Kwa hivyo, kabohaidreti ikiliwa kama sehemu ya chakula bora, kwa mujibu wa athari zao kwa kiwango cha serotonini kwenye ubongo, zinaweza kusaidia kupoteza uzito katika muktadha wa kuongezeka uzito kutokana na dawamfadhaiko. <ref>{{cite book|last=Wurtman|first=JJ|coauthors=Marquis NF|title=The serotonin power diet : use your brain's natural chemistry to cut cravings, curb emotional overeating, and lose weight|url=https://archive.org/details/serotoninpowerdi0000wurt_o1j2|accessdate=2009-05-29|year=c2006|publisher=Rodale|location=Emmaus, Penn|isbn=978-1-59486-346-2|pages=290}}</ref> == Ubishani == Tafiti kadhaa zimeibua shaka kuhusu ufanisi wa dawamfadhaiko. Utafiti uliofanywa mwaka wa 2002 ulionyesha kuwa tofauti kati ya dawamfadhaiko na vipozaungo ni mdogo sana. <ref>{{cite journal|last=Kirsch|first=I|year=2002|month=Julai|title=The emperor's new drugs: An analysis of antidepressant medication data submitted to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration|journal=Prevention & Treatment|volume=5|issue=1|publisher=American Psychological Association|doi=10.1037/1522-3736.5.1.523a|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Moore|first2=Thomas J.|last3=Scoboria|first3=Alan|last4=Nicholls|first4=Sarah S.}}</ref> Kupitia ombi la Sheria ya uhuru wa kupata habari, wanasaikolojia wawili walipata tafiti 47 zilizotumiwa na FDA kuidhinisha dawamfadhaiko sita zilizoagizwa sana kati ya mwaka wa 1987 na mwaka wa 1999. Kwa ujumla, vidonge vya dawamfadhaiko vilitenda kazi vizuri zaidi kwa 18% kuliko vipozaungo, kitakwimu inayoleta tofauti kuu, lakini isiyo na maana kwa watu walio katika mazingira ya kliniki ", anasema Irving Kirsch, mwanasaikolojia wa Chuo Kikuu cha Connecticut. Yeye pamoja na mwandishi mwenzake Thomas Moore walitoa matokeo yao kuhusu "Kinga na Tiba", jarida la elektroniki la Shirika la Kisaikolojia la Marekani. <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.usatoday.com/news/health/drugs/2002-07-08-antidepressants.htm |title= Study: Antidepressant barely better than placebo |publisher=Usatoday.com |date=2002-07-07&nbsp;-&nbsp;Updated&nbsp;11:47 PM&nbsp;ET |accessdate=2008-11-06}}</ref> Utafiti mwingine uliofanywa na wanasaikolojia wa Chuo Kikuu cha Pennsylvania, Chuo Kikuu cha Vanderbilt, Chuo Kikuu cha Colorado, na Chuo Kikuu cha New Mexico ulitambua kuwa ni vigumu kwa dawamfadhaiko kuwa na athari bora zaidi kuliko zile za vipozaungo katika visa vya mfadhaiko wa kiwango cha chini au wastani. Utafiti huo ulichapishwa katika jarida la Shirika la Marekani la Uuguzi. Utafiti huo ulilenga Paxili kutoka GlaxoSmithKline na imipramini. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.forbes.com/2010/01/05/antidepressant-paxil-placebo-business-healthcare-depression.html|title=Study Undermines Case for Antidepressants|date=|accessdate=2010-07-01|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20121208170044/http://www.forbes.com/2010/01/05/antidepressant-paxil-placebo-business-healthcare-depression.html|archivedate=2012-12-08}}</ref> Katika mwaka wa 2005, dawamfadhaiko ilikuwa ndio dawa iliyoagizwa zaidi nchini Marekani, na hivyo kusababisha mjadala zaidi kuhusu swala hilo. Baadhi ya madaktari wanaamini kuwa hii ni ishara nzuri kuwa watu hatimaye wanatafuta msaada kwa ajili ya matatizo yao. Wengine hawakubaliani, huku wakisema kuwa hii inaonyesha kwamba watu wanaendelea kutegemea dawamfadhaiko sana. <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2007/HEALTH/07/09/antidepressants/index.html |title=CDC: Antidepressants most prescribed drugs in U.S. |date= 2007-07-09|accessdate=2008-11-06 | work=CNN}}</ref> == Dawa == Mara nyingi watengenezaji wa dawa za SSRI wameficha habari kutoka kwa FDA na umma ili wachukulie kwa urahisi hatari na athari mbaya zinazohusishwa na SSRI. Hii ilisababisha ubishi dhidi ya watengenezaji wengi wa madawa ya kupambana na mfadhaiko ya SSRI katika visa vinavyohusiana na kujiua, kuachishwa kwa SSRI na kasoro kuzaliwa kwa watoto wachanga kutoka kwa mama wanaonyonyesha wanaotumia SSRI. Kwa moja kati ya kesi tatu pekee zilizowahi kufikishwa mahakamani kuhusu uwezekano kuwa SSRI huchangia kujiua, Eli Lilly na wenzake walishikwa wakiingilia mchakato wa kimahakama kwa kusikilizana na wakili wa mdai kutupa kesi hiyo, kwa sehemu kwa kutotoa ushahidi utakaowaletea hasara mbele ya mahakama. Kesi hiyo, inayojulikana kama Kesi ya Fentress ilihusisha mwanaume mmoja kutoka Kentucky, Joseph Wesbecker, kuhusu Prozac, aliyeenda mahali pake pa kazi na kuanza mashambulio kwa bunduki na kuwaua watu 8 (ikiwa ni pamoja na Fentress), na kuwajeruhi wengine 12 kabla ya kujiua mwenyewe kwa bastola. Juri ilitoa uamuzi wa 9-kwa-3 uliompendelea Lilly. Hakimu, mwishowe aliihamisha kesi hiyo hadi Mahakama Makuu ya Kentucky, iliyoamua kuwa "kulikuwa na ukosefu mkubwa wa uwazi kwa upande wa mahakama na huenda kulikuwa na udanganyifu, mwenendo ulioongozwa na imani mbaya, matumizi mabaya ya mchakato wa kimahakama na, pengine hata udanganyifu. "Hakimu baadaye alibatilisha uamuzi huo na badala yake, akasema kesi hiyo imefungwa. Thamani ya makubaliano ya mpango huo wa siri haujawahi kufichuliwa, lakini iliripotiwa kuwa ni "kubwa". <ref>[http://www.judicialaccountability.org/articles/hideandseek.htm ] {{Wayback|url=http://www.judicialaccountability.org/articles/hideandseek.htm |date=20100610031049 }} kutoka kwa Richard Zitrin &amp; Carol M. Langford. "Hide and Secrets in Louisville" kutoka "The Moral Compass of the American Lawyer". Vitabu vya Ballantine, 1999</ref> Tarehe 22 Desemba 2006, mahakama moja ya Marekani iliamua kuhusu Hoorman, na wenzake. dhidi ya SmithKline Beecham Corp. kuwa watu walionunua Paxil(R) au Paxil CR(TM) (paroksetini) kwa mtoto mdogo huenda wakastahiki kupata ruzuku chini ya maafikiano yaliyopendekezwa ya $ 63,800,000. Daawa lilishinda madai kuwa kampuni ya kutengeneza dawa za GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) ilikampenia uagizaji wa Paxil(R) au Paxil CR(TM) kwa watoto na vijana huku ikikatalia na kuficha habari muhimu kuhusu usalama na ufanisi wa dawa hizo kwa watoto. <ref>[http://www.ahrp.org/risks/SSRI0204/GSKpaxil/pg1.html ] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ahrp.org/risks/SSRI0204/GSKpaxil/pg1.html |date=20110614100740 }} Oktoba 1998 Kumbukumbu ya GSK: Mikakati ya ufichuzi</ref> Daawa hilo lilitokana na maandamano ya kutetea watumiaji dhidi ya GSK, watengenezaji wa Paroxetine. Tangu FDA iidhinishe paroxetine mwaka wa 1992, takriban raia 5,000 wa Marekani - na maelfu ya watu wengine duniani - wameishtaki GSK. Wengi wa watu hawa wanaona kuwa hawakuonywa inavyopaswa mapema kuhusu madhara ya dawa hii na sifa zake za utegemezi. Kulingana na [http://www.paxilprotest.com/ tovuti ya upingaji wa Paxil] {{Wayback|url=http://www.paxilprotest.com/ |date=20180307152504 }}, mamia ya daawa zaidi ziliwasilishwa dhidi ya GSK. Tovuti ya upingaji wa Paxil ilizinduliwa mnamo 8 Agosti 2005 ili kutoa taarifa kuhusu upingaji na habari juu ya Paxil ambayo awali haikupatikana kwa umma. Wiki tatu tu baada ya uzinduzi wake, tovuti hiyo ilitembelewa na zaidi ya watu robo milioni. Tovuti asili ya upingaji wa Paxil haipatikani tena. Inaeleweka kuwa hatua ya kuondoa tovuti hiyo kutoka kwenye mtandao ilichukuliwa kama sehemu ya makubaliano kuhusu usiri au 'amri ya kunyamazisha' ambayo mmiliki tovuti aliingilia kama sehemu ya maafikiano kwa hatua yake dhidi ya GlaxoSmithKline. (Hata hivyo, mnamo Machi 2007, tovuti ya Seroxat Secrets <ref>{{cite web|url=http://seroxatsecrets.wordpress.com/2007/03/03/the-paxil-protest-time-machine/ |title=The Paxil Protest time machine « seroxat secrets… |publisher=Seroxatsecrets.wordpress.com |date= |accessdate=2008-11-06}}</ref> iligundua kuwa nyaraka za tovuti ya upingaji wa Paxil<ref>{{cite web|url=http://paxilprotest.com/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060519170044/http://paxilprotest.com/|archivedate=2006-05-19|title=The Paxil Protest I Welcome<!-- Bot generated title -->|publisher=Web.archive.org|date=|accessdate=2008-11-06}}</ref> bado inapatikana kwenye mtandao kupitia Archive.org). Amri zakunyamazisha ni kawaida kwa kesi kama hizo na zinaweza kuhusisha hata hati ambazo washtakiwa wangependelea yaendeleaa kufichwa kwa umma. Hata hivyo, katika hali fulani, hati hizo zinaweza kutolewa kwa umma baadaye, kama zile zilizotolewa kwa umma na Peter Breggin mnamo Februari 2006. Toleo la habari kutoka kwa Dkt Breggin linaweza kuonekana hapa: <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.breggin.com/courtfiling.pbreggin.2006.html |title=Suppressed Paxil Suicide Data Released |publisher=Breggin.com |date= |accessdate=2008-11-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081021042112/http://www.breggin.com/courtfiling.pbreggin.2006.html |archivedate=2008-10-21 }}</ref> Mnamo Januari 2007, kulingana na tovuti ya Seroxat Secrets, <ref>{{cite web|url=http://seroxatsecrets.wordpress.com |title=seroxat secrets… |publisher=Seroxatsecrets.wordpress.com |date= |accessdate=2008-11-06}}</ref> daawa ya kikundi cha kitaifa dhidi ya GlaxoSmithKline plc [[Ufalme wa Muungano|nchini Uingereza]], kwa niaba ya watu mia kadhaa ambao wanadai wamepata athari za kuachishwa baada ya kutumia dawa ya Seroxat, walichukua hatua ya karibu zaidi hadi Mahakama Kuu ya [[London]], na thibitisho kuwa fedha za umma zilirejeshwa kufuatia uamuzi wa Jopo la Rufaa kuhusu Maslahi ya Umma. Swala kuu kuhusiana na kitendo hiki linadai kuwa Seroxat ni dawa yenye kasoro kwa kuwa ina mwelekeo wa kusababisha mjibizo wa kuachishwa. Mawakili wa Hugh James wanathibitisha habari hii katika tovuti yao <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.hughjames.com/lifestyle/groupactions/seroxt.html |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2007-02-22 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070222131722/http://www.hughjames.com/lifestyle/groupactions/seroxt.html |archivedate=2007-02-22 }}</ref> Tarehe 29 Januari 2007, shirika la BBC nchini Uingereza ilirushwa hewani filamu ya nne ionyeshayo hali halisi katika mfululizo wake unaoitwa 'Panorama' <ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/panorama/5346938.stm |title=BBC NEWS &#124; Programmes &#124; Panorama &#124; Seroxat update |publisher=News.bbc.co.uk |date=Last Updated: |accessdate=2008-11-06}}</ref> kuhusu dawa ya kulevya Seroxat ya. Kipindi hiki, kinachoitwa Siri za Majaribio ya Dawa, kinahusu majaribio matatu ya kiafya yaliyofanywa na GSK kwa watoto na vijana wenye mfadhaiko. == Marejeo == {{Reflist|2}} == Kusoma zaidi == * {{cite book |author=Healy, David |title=The antidepressant era |url=https://archive.org/details/antidepressanter00heal |publisher=Harvard University Press |location=Cambridge |year=1997 |isbn=0-674-03958-0 }} * {{cite book |author=Kramer, Peter D. |title=Listening to Prozac |url=https://archive.org/details/listeningtoproz000kram |publisher=Penguin Books |location=New York |year=1997 |isbn=0-14-026671-2 }} * {{cite book |author=Baumel, Syd |title=Natural Antidepressants |publisher=McGraw-Hill |location=New York |year=1999 |isbn=0-87983-900-7 }} * {{cite book |author=Stahl, Stephen M. |title=Psychopharmacology of Antidepressants |publisher=Informa Healthcare |year=1997 |isbn=1-85317-513-7 }} * {{cite journal |author=Pacher P, Kecskemeti V |title=Trends in the development of new antidepressants. Is there a light at the end of the tunnel? |journal=Curr. Med. Chem. |volume=11 |issue=7 |pages=925–43 |year=2004 |month=Aprili |pmid=15078174 |pmc=2495050 |doi=10.2174/0929867043455594 }} * {{cite journal |author=Pacher P, Kohegyi E, Kecskemeti V, Furst S |title=Current trends in the development of new antidepressants |journal=Curr. Med. Chem. |volume=8 |issue=2 |pages=89–100 |year=2001 |month=Februari |pmid=11172668 }} == Viungo vya nje == {{Commons category|Antidepressants}} {{Wiktionary|antidepressant}} * [http://www.nih.gov/news/pr/aug2003/nimh-07.htm Uumbaji wa Niuroni Mpya zilizo muhimu kwa Utendakazi wa Dawamfadhaiko kwenye Panya] {{Wayback|url=http://www.nih.gov/news/pr/aug2003/nimh-07.htm |date=20121010122000 }} * [http://cerhr.niehs.nih.gov/chemicals/fluoxetine/fluoxetine_final.pdf Jopo la Wataalamu la NIH kuhusu elimu juu ya asili na athari za sumu katika Prozac (Fluoxetine) kwa uzazi na kukua] {{Wayback|url=http://cerhr.niehs.nih.gov/chemicals/fluoxetine/fluoxetine_final.pdf |date=20090923193919 }} * [http://cerhr.niehs.nih.gov/chemicals/fluoxetine/fluoxetine_monograph.pdf Monografu ya NIH juu ya athari za Prozac (Fluoxetine) zinazoweza kujitokeza kwa uzazi na ukuaji wa binadamu] {{Wayback|url=http://cerhr.niehs.nih.gov/chemicals/fluoxetine/fluoxetine_monograph.pdf |date=20100527103308 }} * [http://www.psych.org/psych_pract/treatg/pg/MDD.watch.pdf Mwongozo wa Matibabu wa mwaka wa 1995 wa Ushirika wa Marekani wa Magonjwa ya Akili kwa ajili ya matibabu ya wagonjwa wenye ugonjwa wa Mfadhaiko mkuu] * [http://childadvocate.net/childpresentations/child_medication.htm Watoto na Madawa - wasilisho linalotumia mbinu nyingi] {{Wayback|url=http://childadvocate.net/childpresentations/child_medication.htm |date=20140810061955 }} * [http://www.bap.org.uk/consensus/antidepressant.pdf Shirika la Uingereza la Taaluma ya athari za dawa za magonjwa ya akili 2000 Miongozo inayozingatia ushahidi kwa kutibu magonjwa ya mfadhaiko kwa kutumia dawamfadhaiko] {{Wayback|url=http://www.bap.org.uk/consensus/antidepressant.pdf |date=20061012221324 }} * [http://biopsychiatry.com/index.html Mwongozo wa Madawa Mazuri: dawa mpya za kuboresha halihisi ya moyo na dawamfadhaiko] * [http://www.yoism.org/?q=node/234 Video ya Loren Mosher, MD] (Mkuu wa kwanza wa tafiti kuhusu Skizofrenia NIMH na mhariri mwanzilishi wa ''Bulletin dhiki)'' * [http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/330/7488/420 Joanna Moncrieff: Msingi wa ushahidi kuhusu dawamfadhaiko za awali ni dhaifu pia.] BMJ 2005;330:420 (19 Februari) * [http://www.healyprozac.com/Book/Introduction.pdf Utangulizi kwa ''Let Them Eat Prozac'' na David Healy] {{Wayback|url=http://www.healyprozac.com/Book/Introduction.pdf |date=20101226101007 }} * [http://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/mentalhealthinformation/mentalhealthproblems/depression/antidepressants.aspx Ukurasa wenye habari kutoka Chuo cha Royal College of Psychiatrists] * Barry Yeoman, [http://www.barryyeoman.com/articles/courtroom.html Putting Science in the Dock, ] , The Nation * [http://ahp.yorku.ca/?p=60 Bibliografia kuhusu dawamfadhaiko katika historia ya saikolojia] * [http://www.rsc.org/Publishing/Journals/cb/Volume/2009/7/recognising_antidepressants.asp Ufahamu ya haraka] unaoonyesha jinsi mabadiliko madogo katika dawamfadhaiko yanaweza kubadilisha kwa kasi lengo lake katika ubongo. Kutoka kwa Royal Society of Chemistry * [http://www.ssristories.com/ Mkusanyiko wa habari 3100 na zaidi pamoja na makala kamili yanayopatikana, hasa kuhusu uhalifu, ambapo dawamfadhaiko zinatajwa.] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ssristories.com/ |date=20131212204756 }} * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/8304782.stm Dawamfadhaiko hufanya kazi mara moja - Habari za BBC News] [[Jamii:madawa]] 5f68gnouk4u7p8hb0vjm6t61sez0wee 0 57651 1606692 1450513 2026-10-10T10:17:30Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1606692 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Image:Francesco Solimena - Estasi di San Gaetano da Thiene.jpg|thumb|200px|Mt. Gaetano.]] '''Gaetano wa Thiene''' ([[Vicenza]], [[1 Oktoba]] [[1480]] – [[Napoli]], [[7 Agosti]] [[1547]]), alikuwa [[padri]] wa [[Italia]] ambaye alichangia sana [[uamsho]] wa [[Kanisa]] wakati wa [[Urekebisho wa Kikatoliki]] hasa kwa njia ya aina mpya ya [[utawa]] aliyoianzisha, maarufu kwa [[jina]] la [[Wateatini]], aliowaachia [[jukumu]] la kufuata [[Mitindo|mtindo]] wa [[maisha]] ya [[Mitume wa Yesu]]. Kwa [[shirika]] hilo alifungua njia kwa mashirika mengine kama la [[Wajesuiti]], la [[Wabarnaba]] na la [[Wasomaski]]. Huko Napoli alijitosa katika [[matendo ya huruma]], hasa kwa ajili ya waliopatwa na [[Ugonjwa|magonjwa]] wasiotibika, na kuhamasisha vyama kwa ajili ya [[malezi]] ya [[Kikristo]] ya [[Mlei|walei]] <ref>https://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/28700</ref>. Alitangazwa na [[Papa Urban VIII]] kuwa [[mwenye heri]] tarehe [[8 Oktoba]] [[1629]], halafu [[Papa Klementi X]] alimtangaza [[mtakatifu]] tarehe [[12 Aprili]] [[1671]]. [[Sikukuu]] yake huadhimishwa tarehe [[7 Agosti]]<ref>[[Martyrologium Romanum]]</ref>. ==Tazama pia== ==Tazama pia== * [[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Mabradha wa Shule za Kikristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waaugustino]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabazili]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabenedikto]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wadominiko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wajesuiti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakarmeli]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakolumbani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wamersedari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waoratori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapasionisti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapremontree]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waredentori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wasalesiani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waskolopi]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wateatini]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watrinitari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watumishi wa Maria]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wavinsenti]] ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} ==Marejeo ya Kiswahili== * Masomo ya Breviari - Sikukuu za Bwana, za Bikira Maria na za Watakatifu - Ndanda Mission Press 1978, uk 273-275 * John Kabeya na wengine - Maisha ya Watakatifu – ed. T.M.P. Book Department – Tabora 1965, 1989, uk. 271 ==Viungo vya nje== *[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03145a.htm Catholic Encyclopedia: ''St Cajetan''] *[http://saints.sqpn.com/saintc31.htm Patron Saints Index: ''Saint Cajetan''] {{Wayback|url=http://saints.sqpn.com/saintc31.htm |date=20130510150744 }} *[http://www.malta-canada.com/san-gaetano/Index-S-G.htm] {{Wayback|url=http://www.malta-canada.com/san-gaetano/Index-S-G.htm |date=20190329233049 }} *[http://www.saintpetersbasilica.org/Statues/Founders/Cajetan/Cajetan.htm Statue of St Cajetan in St Peter's Basilica] *[http://www.sancayetano.org.ar/vidadesc.htm {{Wayback|url=http://www.sancayetano.org.ar/vidadesc.htm |date=20061103234403 }} Maisha yake kwa [[Kihispania]]] {{mbegu-Mkristo}} [[Category:Waliozaliwa 1480]] [[Category:Waliofariki 1547]] [[Category:Mapadri]] [[Category:Watawa waanzilishi]] [[Category:Wateatini]] [[Jamii:Wafransisko]] [[Category:Watakatifu wa Italia]] aa2pdyx00qb6h3u0iki42pa9nk44ht7 1606694 1606692 2026-10-10T10:26:15Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1606694 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Image:Francesco Solimena - Estasi di San Gaetano da Thiene.jpg|thumb|200px|Mt. Gaetano.]] '''Gaetano wa Thiene''' ([[Vicenza]], [[1 Oktoba]] [[1480]] – [[Napoli]], [[7 Agosti]] [[1547]]), alikuwa [[padri]] wa [[Italia]] ambaye alichangia sana [[uamsho]] wa [[Kanisa]] wakati wa [[Urekebisho wa Kikatoliki]] hasa kwa njia ya aina mpya ya [[utawa]] aliyoianzisha, maarufu kwa [[jina]] la [[Wateatini]], aliowaachia [[jukumu]] la kufuata [[Mitindo|mtindo]] wa [[maisha]] ya [[Mitume wa Yesu]]. Kwa [[shirika]] hilo alifungua njia kwa mashirika mengine kama la [[Wajesuiti]], la [[Wabarnaba]] na la [[Wasomaski]]. Huko Napoli alijitosa katika [[matendo ya huruma]], hasa kwa ajili ya waliopatwa na [[Ugonjwa|magonjwa]] wasiotibika, na kuhamasisha vyama kwa ajili ya [[malezi]] ya [[Kikristo]] ya [[Mlei|walei]] <ref>https://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/28700</ref>. Alitangazwa na [[Papa Urban VIII]] kuwa [[mwenye heri]] tarehe [[8 Oktoba]] [[1629]], halafu [[Papa Klementi X]] alimtangaza [[mtakatifu]] tarehe [[12 Aprili]] [[1671]]. [[Sikukuu]] yake huadhimishwa tarehe [[7 Agosti]]<ref>[[Martyrologium Romanum]]</ref>. ==Tazama pia== * [[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Mabradha wa Shule za Kikristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waaugustino]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabazili]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabenedikto]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wadominiko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wajesuiti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakarmeli]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakolumbani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wamersedari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waoratori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapasionisti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapremontree]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waredentori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wasalesiani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waskolopi]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wateatini]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watrinitari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watumishi wa Maria]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wavinsenti]] ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} ==Marejeo ya Kiswahili== * Masomo ya Breviari - Sikukuu za Bwana, za Bikira Maria na za Watakatifu - Ndanda Mission Press 1978, uk 273-275 * John Kabeya na wengine - Maisha ya Watakatifu – ed. T.M.P. Book Department – Tabora 1965, 1989, uk. 271 ==Viungo vya nje== *[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03145a.htm Catholic Encyclopedia: ''St Cajetan''] *[http://saints.sqpn.com/saintc31.htm Patron Saints Index: ''Saint Cajetan''] {{Wayback|url=http://saints.sqpn.com/saintc31.htm |date=20130510150744 }} *[http://www.malta-canada.com/san-gaetano/Index-S-G.htm] {{Wayback|url=http://www.malta-canada.com/san-gaetano/Index-S-G.htm |date=20190329233049 }} *[http://www.saintpetersbasilica.org/Statues/Founders/Cajetan/Cajetan.htm Statue of St Cajetan in St Peter's Basilica] *[http://www.sancayetano.org.ar/vidadesc.htm {{Wayback|url=http://www.sancayetano.org.ar/vidadesc.htm |date=20061103234403 }} Maisha yake kwa [[Kihispania]]] {{mbegu-Mkristo}} [[Category:Waliozaliwa 1480]] [[Category:Waliofariki 1547]] [[Category:Mapadri]] [[Category:Watawa waanzilishi]] [[Category:Wateatini]] [[Jamii:Wafransisko]] [[Category:Watakatifu wa Italia]] 88pj3hfgf246b6k6zc84xanu1fx6zig 0 58034 1606713 1536402 2026-10-10T11:06:39Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1606713 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Image:Johnvianney.jpg|140px|thumb|Mtakatifu Yohane Baptista Maria Vianney.]] [[Image:Jean-Marie Vianney.jpg|250px|thumb|[[Maiti]] isiyooza ya Yohane Maria Vianney.]] '''Yohane Baptista Maria Vianney''' ([[Dardilly]], [[8 Mei]] [[1786]] – [[Ars-sur-Formans]], [[4 Agosti]] [[1859]]), alikuwa [[padri]] [[mwanajimbo]] wa [[Kanisa Katoliki]] kutoka [[Ufaransa]]; kwa miaka zaidi ya 40 alifanya kwa namna ya ajabu kazi ya [[uchungaji]] kama [[paroko]] wa [[kijiji]] cha Ars, karibu na [[Belley]], kwa kuhubiri mara nyingi, [[sala|kusali]] na kufanya [[malipizi]], huku [[sifa]] zake zikivutia watu kutoka nchi za nje ya [[Ulaya]] pia. Kila [[siku]] katika [[katekesi]] aliyotoa kwa [[Mtoto|watoto]] na kwa [[watu wazima]], katika [[kitubio|upatanisho]] aliyowapatia [[toba|walitobu]] na katika [[Matendo ya huruma|matendo]] yaliyojaa [[upendo]] wenye [[ari]] aliokuwa anauchota katika [[chemchemi]] ya [[ekaristi]], alisonga mbele kiasi cha kueneza kila mahali [[shauri|mashauri]] yake na kusogeza kwa [[busara]] wengi kwa [[Mungu]]<ref>https://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/23900</ref>. Alitangazwa na [[Papa Pius X]] kuwa [[mwenye heri]] [[tarehe]] [[8 Januari]] [[1905]], halafu [[Papa Pius XI]] akamtangaza [[mtakatifu]] tarehe [[31 Mei]] [[1925]] na [[msimamizi]] wa maparoko mwaka [[1929]]. [[Sikukuu]] yake huadhimishwa tarehe ya [[kifo]] chake<ref>[[Martyrologium Romanum]]</ref>. ==Sala zake== Nakupenda, Bwana, na neema pekee ninayokuomba, ni kwamba nikupende milele... Mungu wangu, ikiwa ulimi wangu hauwezi kukariri kila nukta kwamba nakupenda, nataka moyo wangu ukuambie tena na tena kila ninapopumua. Yesu wangu, jinsi inavyopendeza kukupenda! Unijalie niwe kama wanafunzi wako juu ya mlima Tabori, nikikuona wewe tu, Mwokozi wangu. Tuwe kama marafiki wawili ambao hata mmojawao hawezi kukubali kumchukiza mwingine. Amina. ==Tazama pia== * [[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Mabradha wa Shule za Kikristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waaugustino]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabazili]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabenedikto]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wadominiko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wajesuiti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakarmeli]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakolumbani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wamersedari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waoratori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapasionisti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapremontree]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waredentori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wasalesiani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waskolopi]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wateatini]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watrinitari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watumishi wa Maria]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wavinsenti]] ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} ==Marejeo ya Kiswahili== * Masomo ya Breviari - Sikukuu za Bwana, za Bikira Maria na za Watakatifu - Ndanda Mission Press 1978, uk 263-265 * John Kabeya na wengine - Maisha ya Watakatifu – ed. T.M.P. Book Department – Tabora 1965, 1989, uk. 266-268 * Pd. Leandry Kimario, [[Wakapuchini|O.F.M.Cap.]] - Mfahamu Mtakatifu Somo Wako - Maisha ya Watakatifu wa Kila Siku pamoja na Watakatifu Wafransisko - Toleo la pili - Dar es Salaam 2021, uk. 226-228 * Maurice Soseleje, Kalendari yetu – Maisha ya Watakatifu – Toleo la pili – ed. Benedictine Publications Ndanda Peramiho – Peramiho 1986 – ISBN 9976-63-112-X, uk. 63 ==Viungo vya nje== {{commons}} *[http://www.capuchinfriars.org.au/saints/curedears.shtml John Vianney--Cure d'Ars] {{Wayback|url=http://www.capuchinfriars.org.au/saints/curedears.shtml |date=20110217144133 }} {{mbegu-Mkristo}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Vianney, Yohane Maria}} [[Category:Waliozaliwa 1786]] [[Category:Waliofariki 1859]] [[Category:Mapadri]] [[Jamii:Wafransisko]] [[Category:Watakatifu wa Ufaransa]] c61eeiwa3fmtzfaweui5fecv33vd3nf 0 68256 1606668 1423363 2026-10-10T09:39:04Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1606668 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Image:ConradPiacenza.jpg|300px|thumb|right|Konrad Confalonieri wa Piacenza.]] '''Konrad wa Piacenza''' (jina lake kwa [[Kiitalia]] lilikuwa Corrado Confalonieri; [[Piacenza]], [[Emilia-Romagna]], [[Italia]], [[1290]] hivi - [[Noto]], [[Siracusa]], [[Sicilia]], [[Italia visiwani]], [[19 Februari]] [[1351]]) alikuwa [[mkaapweke]] wa [[Utawa wa Tatu wa Mt. Fransisko]]. Anayeheshimiwa na [[Kanisa Katoliki]] kama [[mtakatifu]] tangu alipotangazwa na [[Papa Urban VIII]] [[tarehe]] [[12 Septemba]] [[1625]]. [[Sikukuu]] yake huadhimishwa katika tarehe ya [[kifo]] chake. ==Maisha== Konrad alizaliwa katika moja ya [[familia]] maarufu zaidi ya mji wa [[Piacenza]], akamuoa Efrosina akiwa kijana sana, akiendelea na maisha ya [[tabaka]] lake pamoja na kuzingatia [[dini]] ya [[Ukristo]]. Kisha mwenyewe kusababisha bila makusudi uharibifu mkubwa kwa moto, mkulima aliyepita huko alikamatwa, akateswa na kisha kulazimishwa kukiri kosa asilolifanya akahukumiwa kufa. Alipomuona anapelekwa kuuawa, Konrad alikiri kosa lake, na kama [[fidia]] alilazimika kuuza maali yake yote. Yeye na mke wake walioona mkono wa [[Mungu]] katika tukio hilo, wakakubaliana kutengana ili kutawa, mmoja [[mahali pa upweke]] pa [[Wafransisko]] wa [[Utawa wa Tatu]], mwingine katika [[monasteri]] ya [[Waklara]]. Mapema alijulikana kwa [[utakatifu]], hivi kwamba [[umati]] wa watu waliomtembelea ulimzuia asifaidike zaidi na [[maisha ya upwekeni]] aliyojitafutia. Hapo alifika [[Roma]], na kutoka huko akahamia [[Noto]], [[Sicilia]], alipoishi upwkeni kwa miaka 36 kwa [[toba]] kali, akitenda [[miujiza]] mingi hadi [[kifo]] kilipomkuta akiwa anasali mbele ya [[sanamu]] ya [[Yesu]] [[msalaba]]ni. ==Tazama pia== * [[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Mabradha wa Shule za Kikristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waaugustino]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabazili]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabenedikto]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wadominiko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wajesuiti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakarmeli]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakolumbani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wamersedari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waoratori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapasionisti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapremontree]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waredentori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wasalesiani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waskolopi]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wateatini]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watrinitari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watumishi wa Maria]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wavinsenti]] ==Marejeo ya Kiswahili== * John Kabeya na wengine - Maisha ya Watakatifu – ed. T.M.P. Book Department – Tabora 1965, 1989, uk. 59-60 * Pd. Leandry Kimario, [[Wakapuchini|O.F.M.Cap.]] - Mfahamu Mtakatifu Somo Wako - Maisha ya Watakatifu wa Kila Siku pamoja na Watakatifu Wafransisko - Toleo la pili - Dar es Salaam 2021, uk. 428 ==Viungo vya nje== {{Commonscat|Corrado Confalonieri|{{PAGENAME}}}} *[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04260b.htm Catholic Encyclopedia: "St. Conrad of Piacenza"] *[http://saints.sqpn.com/saint-conrad-of-piacenza Saints.Spqn.com] *[http://www.americancatholic.org/features/saints/saint.aspx?id=1296 Saint of the Day] {{Wayback|url=http://www.americancatholic.org/features/saints/saint.aspx?id=1296 |date=20130203082334 }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Konrado wa Piacenza}} [[Category:Waliozaliwa 1290]] [[Category:Waliofariki 1351]] [[Category:Wafransisko]] [[Category:Wakaapweke]] [[Category:Watakatifu wa Italia]] gl555zzk9r3wqafrgmzf9b2curjcci1 3 79004 1606707 957464 2026-10-10T10:46:06Z M7 2663 M7 alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Andrei Stroe]] hadi [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:SlartibartfastT]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/Andrei Stroe|Andrei Stroe]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/SlartibartfastT|SlartibartfastT]]" 957464 wikitext text/x-wiki {{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 10:05, 6 Oktoba 2015 (UTC) 4s6x70skjvrdf9jcx5hbdobmvezas6r 0 82675 1606714 1534519 2026-10-10T11:07:16Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1606714 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:EmiliVialar.jpg|thumb|right|Mt. Emilia wa Vialar.]] [[File:Gaillac - église Saint-Pierre - Châsse de Ste Emilie de Vialar.jpg|thumb|[[Masalia]] yake huko Gaillac.]] '''Emilia wa Vialar''' (kwa [[Kifaransa]] '''Émilie de Vialar''', [[12 Septemba]] [[1797]] – [[24 Agosti]] [[1856]]) alikuwa [[bikira]] [[Mfaransa]] aliyeanzisha na kueneza kwa [[bidii]] [[shirika]] la [[umisionari|kimisionari]] la [[Masista wa Mt. Yosefu wa Njozi]] kutoka [[Ulaya]] hadi [[Afrika]], [[Asia]] na [[Australia]]<ref>https://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/90278</ref>. Alitangazwa [[mwenye heri]] na [[Papa Pius XI]] [[tarehe]] [[18 Juni]] [[1939]], halafu mtakatifu na [[Papa Pius XII]] tarehe [[24 Juni]] [[1951]]. [[Sikukuu]] yake huadhimishwa tarehe [[24 Agosti]]<ref>[[Martyrologium Romanum]]</ref>. ==Maandishi yake== *Relationship of Grace, written at the request of her confessor in 1842 *Spirit and rules of the Congregation - 1841 ==Tazama pia== * [[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Mabradha wa Shule za Kikristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waaugustino]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabazili]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabenedikto]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wadominiko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wajesuiti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakarmeli]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakolumbani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wamersedari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waoratori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapasionisti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapremontree]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waredentori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wasalesiani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waskolopi]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wateatini]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watrinitari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watumishi wa Maria]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wavinsenti]] ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} ==Marejeo ya Kiswahili== * John Kabeya na wengine - Maisha ya Watakatifu – ed. T.M.P. Book Department – Tabora 1965, 1989, uk. 207-208 * Pd. Leandry Kimario, [[Wakapuchini|O.F.M.Cap.]] - Mfahamu Mtakatifu Somo Wako - Maisha ya Watakatifu wa Kila Siku pamoja na Watakatifu Wafransisko - Toleo la pili - Dar es Salaam 2021, uk. 174 {{mbegu-Mkristo}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Emilia wa Vialar}} [[Category:Waliozaliwa 1797]] [[Category:Waliofariki 1856]] [[Category:Mabikira]] [[Jamii:Wafransisko]] [[Category:Watawa waanzilishi]] [[Jamii:wamisionari]] [[Category:Watakatifu wa Ufaransa]] shb31eiv3lrlimco80hi32959nrhblc 0 84085 1606718 1423922 2026-10-10T11:17:03Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1606718 wikitext text/x-wiki [[image:Joseph Cafasso - San Giuseppe Cafasso - Palermo - Italy 2015.JPG|thumb|250px|Mt. Yosefu Cafasso.]] '''Yosefu Cafasso''' (kwa [[Kiitalia]] Giuseppe Cafasso; Castelnuovo d'Asti, [[15 Januari]] [[1811]] - Torino, [[23 Juni]] [[1860]]) alikuwa [[padri]] wa [[Kanisa Katoliki]] na [[mwanaharakati]] kutoka [[Piemonte]], [[Italia]]. Pamoja na [[watakatifu]] [[Yosefu Benedikto Cottolengo]], [[Yohane Bosco]], [[Maria Dominika Mazzarello]] na [[Leonardo Murialdo]] aliwajibika kukabili matatizo ya [[jamii]] katika [[mji mkuu]] wa [[ufalme wa Sardinia]], [[Torino]]. Hasa alishughulikia wafungwa na [[adhabu ya kifo|waliohukumiwa kufa]] ili kuwapatanisha na [[Mungu]]. Pia aliwajibika kwa [[malezi]] ya kielimu na ya kiroho ya wenye [[wito]] wa upadri<ref>https://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/59000</ref> Cafasso alitangazwa na [[Papa Pius XI]] kuwa [[mwenye heri]] [[mwaka]] [[1925]], halafu na [[Papa Pius XII]] kuwa mtakatifu mwaka [[1947]]. [[Sikukuu]] yake huadhimishwa [[tarehe]] ya [[kifo]] chake<ref>[[Martyrologium Romanum]]</ref>. ==Tazama pia== * [[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Mabradha wa Shule za Kikristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waaugustino]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabazili]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabenedikto]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wadominiko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wajesuiti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakarmeli]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakolumbani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wamersedari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waoratori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapasionisti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapremontree]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waredentori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wasalesiani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waskolopi]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wateatini]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watrinitari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watumishi wa Maria]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wavinsenti]] ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} ==Marejeo ya Kiswahili== * John Kabeya na wengine - Maisha ya Watakatifu – ed. T.M.P. Book Department – Tabora 1965, 1989, uk. 216-217 * Pd. Leandry Kimario, [[Wakapuchini|O.F.M.Cap.]] - Mfahamu Mtakatifu Somo Wako - Maisha ya Watakatifu wa Kila Siku pamoja na Watakatifu Wafransisko - Toleo la pili - Dar es Salaam 2021, uk. 181-182 ==Viungo vya nje== * [https://w2.vatican.va/content/benedict-xvi/en/audiences/2010/documents/hf_ben-xvi_aud_20100630.html Pope Benedict XVI, "Joseph Cafasso", General Audience, 30 June 2010, Libreria Editrice Vaticana] {{mbegu-Mkristo}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cafasso, Yosefu}} [[Category:Waliozaliwa 1811]] [[Category:Waliofariki 1860]] [[Category:Mapadri]] [[Jamii:Wafransisko]] [[Category:Wanaharakati wa Italia]] [[Category:Watakatifu wa Italia]] f2uc6pn2s2snv1wzxcqhb1k11t1b5p6 0 101108 1606611 1484503 2026-10-09T20:37:59Z Grosa 93053 1606611 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox_Person | jina = Maria Sarungi Tsehai | nchi =Tanzania | majina_mengine = | picha =Maria_Sarungi.jpg | ukubwawapicha = | maelezo_ya_picha = Maria Sarungi | jina_la_kuzaliwa = | tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = | mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = | tarehe_ya_kufariki = | mahala_alipofia = | sababu_ya_kifariki = | anajulikana kwa = mwanaharakati | kazi_yake = {{hlist|Mjasiriamali}} na mwanaharakati | cheo = | mshahara = | kipindi = | alitanguliwa_na = | akafuatiwa_na = | chama = | bodi = | dini = | ndoa = | rafiki = | watoto = | mahusiano = | tovuti = {{URL|https://mariasarungitsehai.wordpress.com/}} | maelezo = | mwajiri = | urefu = | uzito = }} ''' Maria Sarungi Tsehai''' ni [[mwanaharakati]] anayepambana kuwashawishi watu katika nchi ya [[Tanzania]], kukubali kuwa na mabadiliko chanya kupitia [[kampeni]] yake katika [[mtandao wa kijamii]] uitwao "Change Tanzania”. Change Tanzania ilianza kama hashTag kwenye mtandao wa [[Twitter]] (#changeTanzania).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://changetanzania.org/about-us/|title=Change Tanzania » About Us|website=changetanzania.org|accessdate=2018-06-21|archivedate=2018-06-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180621173014/http://changetanzania.org/about-us/}}</ref> Anafahamika pia kwa jinsi anavyoshiriki katika kuwasaidia [[binti|mabinti]] wadogo kuzifikia [[ndoto]] zao za kuwa [[gwiji|magwiji]] wa [[urembo]], kwa kuitumia nafasi yake kama Mkurugenzi wa [[Miss Universe Tanzania]] kufundisha na kutoa kipaumbele kwa mabinti hao.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.konnectafrica.net/maria-sarungi-tsehai-dame-of-east-africa-damsels/|title=Maria Sarungi Tsehai- Dame of East-Africa Damsels- Konnect Africa|date=January 2, 2014|publisher=|accessdate=2018-06-21|archive-date=2018-06-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180605092622/http://www.konnectafrica.net/maria-sarungi-tsehai-dame-of-east-africa-damsels/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.akibauhaki.org/people/maria-sarungi-tsehai/|title=Maria Sarungi Tsehai — Akiba Uhaki Foundation|publisher=|accessdate=2018-06-21|archivedate=2018-06-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180625232524/http://www.akibauhaki.org/people/maria-sarungi-tsehai/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://fasmagazine.com/maria-sarungi-miss-universe-tanzania-director-on-what-to-expect-from-this-years-beauty-pageant/|title=FAS Business Feature: Interview with Director of Miss Universe Tanzania, Maria Sarungi. - Fas Magazine|website=fasmagazine.com|accessdate=2018-06-21|archivedate=2018-06-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180621170806/http://fasmagazine.com/maria-sarungi-miss-universe-tanzania-director-on-what-to-expect-from-this-years-beauty-pageant/}}</ref> ==Elimu== Maria Sarungi Tsehai ana [[shahada]] ya kitivo cha [[sayansi ya jamii]] kutoka katika [[chuo kikuu]] cha Eötvös Loránd in Hungary, alihitimu [[mwaka]] [[1999]]. ==Kazi== Ni mtaalam wa [[mawasiliano]], uandishi wa habari na mambo ya [[urembo]], anamiliki kampuni ya mawasiliano Compass Communication.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.compass-tz.com/about-us/|title=About « Compass Communication LTD.|website=www.compass-tz.com|accessdate=2018-06-21|archivedate=2018-05-31|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180531172026/http://www.compass-tz.com/about-us/}}</ref> Akiwa mkurugenzi wa kampuni hiyo, ameweza kushiriki katika utengenezaji wa [[filamu]] ya “Am Tired” ambayo ilifanyika [[mwaka]] [[2005]] na nyingine iitwayo “Born on fire” ya mwaka [[2008]].<ref name="iffr.com"/> ==Harakati== Sarungi anafahamika kwa mawazo yake juu ya namna raia wa nchi ya Tanzania wanaweza kuleta mabadiliko chanya<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tanzaniatoday.co.tz/news/maria-sarungi-tsehai-mkereketwa-wa-mabadiliko-tanzania|title=Maria Sarungi Tsehai, mkereketwa wa mabadiliko Tanzania - Magazeti ya leo- Tanzania News -Tanzania Today|website=www.tanzaniatoday.co.tz|accessdate=2018-06-21|archive-date=2018-04-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180423171516/http://www.tanzaniatoday.co.tz/news/maria-sarungi-tsehai-mkereketwa-wa-mabadiliko-tanzania|url-status=dead}}</ref> kupitia vyombo vya habari. ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wikipedia Editathon 2018]] exdjrxw2yc0nnhh8dd05v98jw6oyq53 0 125898 1606672 1456897 2026-10-10T09:46:10Z Mate Mingi 92978 Kuboresha makala 1606672 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Masumbuko Romani Mahunga Lamwai''' alikuwa mwanasheria, mhadhiri wa sheria na mwanasiasa wa Tanzania. Alifariki dunia Dar es Salaam tarehe [[4 Mei]] [[2020]].<ref>https://timesmajira.co.tz/kifo-cha-dkt-lamwai-chatikisa-kila-kona/</ref> Alifundisha katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Dar es Salaam]] na kushiriki katika vuguvugu la kudai kurejeshwa kwa mfumo wa vyama vingi nchini Tanzania mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1990.<ref name="TAAS">[https://www.taas-online.or.tz/members/view/prof-masumbuko-lamwai Prof. Masumbuko Lamwai], Tanzania Association of Accident Surgeons (TAAS).</ref> ==Elimu na taaluma== Kwa mujibu wa wasifu wake uliochapishwa na TAAS, Lamwai alikuwa Mtanzania wa kwanza kupata shahada ya uzamivu katika sheria ya jinai na sheria za mwenendo wa jinai kutoka [[Chuo Kikuu cha Oxford]]. Wasifu huo pia unasema alimaliza masomo yaliyotarajiwa kuchukua miaka minne ndani ya miaka miwili.<ref name="TAAS" /> Kando na kazi yake ya ualimu wa sheria, Lamwai alishiriki kusimamia kesi mbalimbali za kisheria nchini na nje ya nchi. Mwaka 2006 alishiriki kuandaa mwongozo wa haki za binadamu kwa nchi za Jumuiya ya Madola, kwa mujibu wa wasifu wa TAAS.<ref name="TAAS" /> ==Siasa== Mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1990, Lamwai alishirikiana na wanaharakati wengine kudai kurejeshwa kwa mfumo wa vyama vingi. Mwaka 1994 aligombea udiwani wa Kata ya Manzese kupitia [[NCCR-Mageuzi]]. Baada ya kupinga matokeo mahakamani, uchaguzi ulirudiwa na akashinda, kwa mujibu wa wasifu wake wa TAAS.<ref name="TAAS" /> Mwaka [[1995]] alichaguliwa kuwa [[mbunge]] wa [[Ubungo]] kupitia NCCR-Mageuzi. Baadaye alirejea [[CCM]] na kuhudumu kama mbunge baada ya kuteuliwa na rais.<ref name="TAAS" /><ref>https://globalpublishers.co.tz/tanzia-dkt-lamwai-afariki-dunia/</ref> Mwaka 1996 aliongoza kesi ya uchaguzi iliyosababisha kuvuliwa ubunge kwa Ramadhani Kihiyo, aliyekuwa mbunge wa Temeke, kwa mujibu wa TAAS.<ref name="TAAS" /> ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} {{mbegu-mwanasiasa-Tanzania}} {{BD|karne ya 20|2020}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Tanzania]] 8wdzqwmr0qi59kbr26kgxwsrvay735f 0 126151 1606666 1536006 2026-10-10T09:19:37Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1606666 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File: Weyden Ivo.jpg|thumb|250px|Mt. Ivo.]] '''Ivo Helory''', [[Utawa wa Tatu wa Mt. Fransisko|T.O.S.F.]] (pia: '''Yvo, Yves, Ives, Erwan, Iwan, Youenn, Eozenn'''; Kermartin, karibu na [[Tréguier]], [[Bretagne]], [[Ufaransa]] [[Kaskazini]]-[[Magharibi]], [[17 Oktoba]] [[1253]] - Louennac, karibu na Tréguier, [[19 Mei]] [[1303]]) alikuwa msomi aliyepata kuwa [[padri]] [[adili|mwadilifu]] ambaye kwa [[upendo]] wa [[Yesu|Kristo]] alijitahidi sana kusaidia [[maskini]], akiwapokea [[nyumba|nyumbani]] mwake, pamoja na kutetea wanyonge na kuleta [[haki]] na [[amani]] kati ya [[watu]]<ref>https://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/53950</ref>. Alikuwa mwanachama wa [[Utawa wa Tatu wa Mt. Fransisko]]. Alitangazwa [[mtakatifu]] na [[Papa Klementi VI]] tarehe [[19 Mei]] [[1347]]. [[Sikukuu]] yake inaadhimishwa [[tarehe]] [[19 Mei]]<ref>''[[Martyrologium Romanum]]: ex Decreto Sacrosancti oecumenici Concilii Vaticani II instauratum auctoritate Ioannis Pauli P.P. II promulgatum'', Romae 2001, ISBN 8820972107</ref>. ==Tazama pia== * [[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Mabradha wa Shule za Kikristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waaugustino]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabazili]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabenedikto]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wadominiko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wajesuiti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakarmeli]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakolumbani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wamersedari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waoratori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapasionisti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapremontree]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waredentori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wasalesiani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waskolopi]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wateatini]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watrinitari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watumishi wa Maria]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wavinsenti]] ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} ==Vyanzo== *His ''[[Biography|vita]]'' is in the ''[[Acta Sanctorum]]'', col. 735. *{{cite book|last=Vauchez|first=André|title=The Laity in the Middle Ages: Religious Beliefs and Devotional Practices|url=https://archive.org/details/laityinmiddleage0000vauc|editor=Daniel E. Bornstein|translator=Margery J. Schneider|location=Notre Dame|publisher=University of Notre Dame Press|date=1993}}. ==Viungo vya nje== * [http://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1095&context=flr&sei-redir=1&referer= Wigmore, John H., "St. Ives, Patron Saint Of Lawyers", 5 ''Fordham L. Rev.'' 401 (1936)] * [http://perso.wanadoo.fr/pecia/yves.htm Vie de saint Yves, bibliographie, hagiographie et tradition manuscrite Sur ''PECIA'' Ressources en médiévistique] {{mbegu-Mkristo}} [[Category:Waliozaliwa 1253]] [[Category:Waliofariki 1303]] [[Category:Wafransisko]] [[Jamii:Mapadri]] [[Category:Watakatifu wa Ufaransa]] 2578gchomk4kg3qy9za7dz7eiebiw1c 0 135357 1606655 1295486 2026-10-10T04:27:58Z CommonsDelinker 234 Replacing Joan.jpg with [[File:Joan_Hambidge.jpg]] (by [[:c:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]:). 1606655 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Mtu |rangi = #D5E3E6 |jina =Joan Hambidge |picha =Joan Hambidge.jpg |maelezo_ya_picha = Joan Helene Hambidge |jina la kuzaliwa = Joan Helene Hambidge |alizaliwa = Aliwal North, [[Afrika Kusini]] |alikufa = |nchi = [[Afrika Kusini]] |kazi yake = Mwandishi na mhariri |ndoa = |wazazi = |watoto = |tovuti rasmi = }} '''Joan Helene Hambidge''' (alizaliwa [[Aliwal North]], [[Afrika Kusini]], [[11 Septemba]] [[1956]]) ni [[mshairi]] mahiri wa [[Kiafrikaans|Kiafrikana]] na msomi wa [[nadharia]] ya [[fasihi]]. Yeye anajulikana kama mkosoaji na ni maarufu kwa [[mtindo]] wake wa "out-of-the-closet". Michango yake ya kinadharia inahusu hasa ''[[Roland]] Barthes'', ''deconstruction'', ''postmodernism'', ''psychoanalysis'' and [[metaphysics]]. ==Wasifu== Hambidge alisoma vyuo vikuu vya ''Stellenbosch'' na ''Pretoria''. Alitunukiwa [[tuzo]] ya heshima ya udaktari [[André Brink|André P. Brink]] katika Chuo kikuu cha Rhodes mnamo mwaka [[1985]]. Tuzo ya pili ya udaktari aliipata chuo kikuu cha [[University of Cape Town]], 2001.<ref name=LitNet2008>{{cite journal |last1=Scholtz |first1=Hettie |date=29 May 2008 |title=Joan Hambidge (1956) |url=http://www.litnet.co.za/cgi-bin/giga.cgi?cmd=cause_dir_news_item&cause_id=1270&news_id=46159&cat_id=667 |journal=Litnet |access-date=2021-05-06 |archive-date=2011-05-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110526183447/http://www.litnet.co.za/cgi-bin/giga.cgi?cmd=cause_dir_news_item&cause_id=1270&news_id=46159&cat_id=667 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Ingawa Hambidge anasema aligundua kipaji chake cha uandishi alipokua mdogo, na alipokuwa mkufunzi chuo kikuu cha ''University of the North'', ''Limpopo Province'', kipaji chake kilikua zaidi. Alishinda tuzo ya ''Eugène Marais Prize for literature'' kutokana na kitabu chake cha pili cha fasihi. ''Bitterlemoene'' ("Bitter Oranges"), in 1986.<ref name=LitNet2008 /> Tuzo iyo ilikua ni moja ya tuzo inayofwatiliwa zaidi Afrika. Pia alishinda tuzo ''yaLitera Prizena'' pia tuzo ya ''Poetry Institute of Africa Prize'' kutokana na fasihi zake.<ref name=LitNet2008 /> Kwa sasa ni Mkufunzi katika shule ya lugha na fasihi chuo kikuu cha University of Cape Town. ===Kazi zake kuu=== Ingawa anaandika Kiafrikana, Hambidge ametafsiri mashairi yake kadhaa kwa Kiingereza. Tafsiri zingine zimefanywa na Jo Nel, mshairi mwenzake na rafiki wa karibu Johann de Lange, na Charl Cilliers (mwandishi) | Charl JF Cilliers. Kazi yake imechapishwa [[Uholanzi]] na Uingereza na vile vile nchini Merika. Baada ya kuchapisha vitabu 26 vya mashairi hadi 2016 yeye ndiye mshairi mahiri zaidi wa Kiafrikana. Hambidge anavutiwa na fasihi yani literary theory hasa psychoanalysis na metafiction) Anafananisha na hadithi zake za uongo. Anafanya kazi mbalimbali za nadharia na vitendo, ''Judaskus''<ref>{{cite book| language=af | title=Die Houtbeen van St Sergius: Opstelle oor Afrikaanse romans | author=Chris van der Merwe | publisher=African Sun Media | year=2014 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o3MRAwAAQBAJ&q=Joan+Hambidge+++Barthes&pg=PA55 | page=55| isbn=9781920689179 }}</ref> ("Judas kiss", 1998) and "Kladboek" (2008). She has also published two theoretical works: ''Postmodernisme'' (1995),<ref name=LitNet2008 /> about Roland Barthes, deconstruction and post-modernism, and ''Psigoanalise en lees'' ("Psychoanalysis and reading", 1991), on Jacques Lacan and reading. ==Vitabu vya Fasihi== * ''Hartskrif'' ([[1985]]) ("Heart Script") * ''Bitterlemoene'' ([[1986]]) ("Bitter oranges") * ''Die anatomie van melancholie'' (1987) ("The anatomy of melancholy") * ''Palinodes'' ([[1987]]) * ''Geslote baan'' ([[1988]]) ("Closed circuit") * ''Donker labirint'' ([[1989]]) ("Dark labyrinth") * ''Gesteelde appels'' (1989) ("Stolen apples") * ''Kriptonemie'' (1989) ("Cryptonomy") * ''Verdraaide raaisels'' ([[1990]]) ("Twisted riddles") * ''Die somber muse'' (1990) ("The sombre muse") * ''Tachycardia'' (1990) * ''Die verlore simbool'' ([[1991]]) ("The lost symbol") * ''Interne verhuising'' ([[1995]]) ("Internal house moving") * ''Ewebeeld'' ([[1997]]) ("Mirror image") * ''Lykdigte'' ([[2000]]) ("Memorial poems") * ''Ruggespraak'' ([[2002]]) ("Talking back") * ''Die buigsaamheid van verdriet'' (2005) ("The flexibility of sorrow") * ''En skielik is dit aand'' ([[2006]]) ("And suddenly it's evening") * ''Dad'' (2006) * ''Koesnaatjies vir die proe'' (2008) * ''Vuurwiel'' ([[2009]]) ("Wheel of fire") * ''Visums by verstek'' (2011) ("Visas by default") * ''Lot se vrou'' ([[2012]]) ("Lot's wife") * ''Meditasies'' ([[2013]]) ("Meditations") * ''Matriks'' ([[2016]]) ("Matrix") * ''Indeks'' ([[2016]]) ("Index") ==Riwaya== * ''Swart Koring'' (1996) ("Black Wheat") (Parody on the pulp romance novel, with a lesbian twist) * ''Die Swart Sluier'' (1998) ("The black veil") (Parody on pulp detective novels and ghost stories) * ''Judaskus'' (1998) ("Judas Kiss") * ''Sewe Sonjas en wat hulle gedoen het'' (2001) ("Seven Sonyas and what they did") (An electronic novel published by Contentlot.com)) * ''Skoppensboer'' (2001) ("Jack of Spades": this refers to a poem by [[Eugene Marais]], that calls the grim reaper by this name) * ''Palindroom'' (2008) ("Palindrome") * ''Kladboek'' (2008) ("Notebook") ==Viungo nya nje== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110526183447/http://www.litnet.co.za/cgi-bin/giga.cgi?cmd=cause_dir_news_item&cause_id=1270&news_id=46159&cat_id=667 Joan Hambidge (1956 – ) Sanlam ATKV LitNet Afrikaanse Album] * [http://www.oulitnet.co.za/mond/joan_hambidge.asp Louise Viljoen: Onderhoud met Joan Hambidge oor En skielik is dit aand] * [http://www.oulitnet.co.za/seminaar/jhsont.asp Desperately seeking Susan Sontag: ’n essay-verhaal] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110526183525/http://www.litnet.co.za/cgi-bin/giga.cgi?cmd=cause_dir_news_item&news_id=3023&cause_id=1270 Globalisering en die Afrikaanse letterkunde] * [http://www.oulitnet.co.za/seminaar/16hambidge.asp Hibriditeit en die internet] * [http://www.oulitnet.co.za/seminaar/hambidge_cloete.asp Die hipnose van die digkuns: TT Cloete-gedenklesi ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mwandishi}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1956]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Arusha Translation-a-thon]] [[Jamii:Arts and Feminism 2023]] pog827bmukd065fwyafvb6ijdw6k7e2 0 136475 1606664 1470740 2026-10-10T07:42:50Z KALEB ENOSH ZACHARIA 91725 /* */ 1606664 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Idara ya Usalama wa Taifa Tanzania''' (kwa [[Kiingereza]] ''Tanzania Intelligence and Security Service''; [[kifupi]]: ''TISS'') ni [[idara]] ya [[usalama]] nchini [[Tanzania]].<ref name=":0">{{cite web |url=http://polis.parliament.go.tz/PAMS/docs/15-1996.pdf |title=The Tanzania Intelligence and Security Service Act, 1996 |year=1996 |website= |publisher=Parliament of Tanzania |accessdate=16 September 2013 |archivedate=2013-09-27 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927003257/http://polis.parliament.go.tz/PAMS/docs/15-1996.pdf }}</ref> Idara hiyo inafanya [[kazi]] kwa karibu na mashirika mengine ya kitaifa na ya kimataifa ya nyanja za usalama katika kuhakikisha [[amani]] ya kudumu, [[ulinzi]] na usalama, vinapatikana ndani na nje ya mipaka ya Tanzania. Kwa muktadha huo ni chombo ambacho kina kazi sawa na Idara ya Uhamiaji ambapo hufanya kazi ya kulinda amani pamoja na mipaka ya nchi. Ukitoa usalama ambao ni kazi ya serikali, ni jukumu la nchi na viongozi wa idara hizo mbili kutoa taarifa ya jambo lolote linaloashiria uvunjifu wa amani ama ukiukaji wa haki stahiki za uingiaji nchini. Kwa hiyo TISS ni chombo muhimu sana ndani ya nchi yetu ya Tanzania<ref>{{Cite journal |last=ENOSH Science Center |date=2026-09-12 |title=Crossmark and Post-Publication Update Policy |url=https://doi.org/10.66661/enosh-crossmark-policy |journal=ENOSH science journal |doi=10.66661/enosh-crossmark-policy |issn=3138-5850}}</ref> ''' Wakurugenzi wa Idara ya Usalama wa Taifa (Tanzania)''' {|class="wikitable" style="width:100%" |- ! width=5 | Na ! width=10 | Jina ! width=5| Muda aliohudumu ! width=15| Maelezo |- | 1 || Emilio Mzena || 1961–1975 || Mkurugenzi wa kwanza baada ya kupata uhuru; alichagulia na Rais [[Julius Nyerere]]. |- | 2 || Dr. Lawrence Gama (PhD) || 1975–1978 || Baadaye alichaguliwa kuwa Mkuu wa Mkoa wa Dodoma. |- | 3 || Dr. Hassy Kitine (PhD) || 1978–1980 || Mteule kijana zaidi; alihusika hasa upande wa usalama kipindi cha [[Vita vya Kagera]].<ref>https://www.bing.com/search?pglt=931&q=Dr.+Hassy+Kitine&cvid=64a720e9777b46b5b08df6a648a84ab5&gs_lcrp=EgRlZGdlKgYIABBFGDkyBggAEEUYOdIBBzgyNmowajGoAgCwAgA&FORM=ANNTA1&PC=U531</ref> |- | 4 || Dr. Augustine Mahiga (PhD) (Alikaimu) || 1980–1983 || Baadae alihudumu kama [[Balozi]] na Mwanadiplomasia wa [[UN|Umoja wa Mataifa]]. |- | 5 || Lt. Gen. Imrani Kombe || 1983–1995 || Alifariki mnamo mwaka 1996. |- | 6 || Col. Apson Mwang’onda || 1995–2005 || Aliboresha na kuunda upya mfumo wa TISS. |- | 7 || Othman Rashid || 2005–2016 || Alihudumu kipindi chote cha utawala wa Rais [[Jakaya Kikwete]]. |- | 8 || Dr. Modestus Kipilimba (PhD) || 2016 – 12 Sept 2019 || Alichaguliwa na Rais [[John Pombe Magufuli]]. |- | 9 || CP Diwani Athumani Msuya || 12 Sept 2019 – 3 Jan 2023 || Alikua Kamishina wa Polisi. |- | 10 || Said Hussein Massoro || 3 Jan 2023 – ~Aug 2023 || Alihudumu kwa kipindi kifupi cha miezi 8. |- | 11 || Balozi Ali Idi Siwa || Aug 2023 – 11 July 2024 || Alihudumu kwa muda wa miezi 11 na kustaafu. |- | 12 || Suleiman Abubakar Mombo || 11 July 2024 – Mpaka sasa|| Alichaguliwa na Rais [[Samia Suluhu Hassan]].<ref>{{cite news |title=President Samia appoints new spy chief |url=https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/news/national/president-samia-appoints-new-spy-chief-4687446 |work=The Citizen |date=2024-07-11 |access-date=2025-08-15}}</ref> |} ==Marejeo== {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-siasa}} [[Jamii:Arusha Translation-a-thon]] [[Jamii:Mashirika ya Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Idara ya Usalama wa Taifa Tanzania]] sj8yq4dlt7q9o9emk68p57cc7udqard 1606720 1606664 2026-10-10T11:21:22Z KALEB ENOSH ZACHARIA 91725 /* */ 1606720 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Idara ya Usalama wa Taifa Tanzania''' (kwa [[Kiingereza]] ''Tanzania Intelligence and Security Service''; [[kifupi]]: ''TISS'') ni [[idara]] ya [[usalama]] nchini [[Tanzania]].<ref name=":0">{{cite web |url=http://polis.parliament.go.tz/PAMS/docs/15-1996.pdf |title=The Tanzania Intelligence and Security Service Act, 1996 |year=1996 |website= |publisher=Parliament of Tanzania |accessdate=16 September 2013 |archivedate=2013-09-27 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927003257/http://polis.parliament.go.tz/PAMS/docs/15-1996.pdf }}</ref> Idara hiyo inafanya [[kazi]] kwa karibu na mashirika mengine ya kitaifa na ya kimataifa ya nyanja za usalama katika kuhakikisha [[amani]] ya kudumu, [[ulinzi]] na usalama, vinapatikana ndani na nje ya mipaka ya Tanzania. Kwa muktadha huo ni chombo ambacho kina kazi sawa na Idara ya Uhamiaji ambapo hufanya kazi ya kulinda amani pamoja na mipaka ya nchi. Ukitoa usalama ambao ni kazi ya serikali, ni jukumu la nchi na viongozi wa idara hizo mbili kutoa taarifa ya jambo lolote linaloashiria uvunjifu wa amani ama ukiukaji wa haki stahiki za uingiaji nchini. Kwa hiyo TISS ni chombo muhimu sana ndani ya nchi yetu ya Tanzania Idara ya Usalama wa Taifa ndiyo jicho la Usalama katika nchi yetu, kwani ni jukumu lao kuona na kugundua viashiria vya uvunjifu wa amani na Usalama katika nchi<ref>{{Cite web|title=SearchLion.com-Video, Blog &amp; Twitter Search Engine|url=https://doi.org/10.4016/33121.01|work=SciVee|date=2011-08-25|accessdate=2026-10-10|author=Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb}}</ref> Kazi ya idara ya idara ya Usalama wa taifa ni kuchukua hatua na kuishauri Serikali dhidi ya watu ambao ni hatarishi katika Usalama wa nchi<ref>{{Cite web|title=SearchLion.com-Video, Blog &amp; Twitter Search Engine|url=https://doi.org/10.4016/33121.01|work=SciVee|date=2011-08-25|accessdate=2026-10-10|author=Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb}}</ref> Idara ya Usalama wa Taifa wana jukumu la kuhakikisha Serikali iliyopo madarakani inatekeleza majukumu ya kuwahudumia wananchi wao katika hali ya amani bila pressure za aina yeyote kutoka watu ambao wana interests zao (Political interest)<ref>{{Cite journal |last=ENOSH Science Center |date=2026-09-12 |title=Crossmark and Post-Publication Update Policy |url=https://doi.org/10.66661/enosh-crossmark-policy |journal=ENOSH science journal |doi=10.66661/enosh-crossmark-policy |issn=3138-5850}}</ref> ''' Wakurugenzi wa Idara ya Usalama wa Taifa (Tanzania)''' {|class="wikitable" style="width:100%" |- ! width=5 | Na ! width=10 | Jina ! width=5| Muda aliohudumu ! width=15| Maelezo |- | 1 || Emilio Mzena || 1961–1975 || Mkurugenzi wa kwanza baada ya kupata uhuru; alichagulia na Rais [[Julius Nyerere]]. |- | 2 || Dr. Lawrence Gama (PhD) || 1975–1978 || Baadaye alichaguliwa kuwa Mkuu wa Mkoa wa Dodoma. |- | 3 || Dr. Hassy Kitine (PhD) || 1978–1980 || Mteule kijana zaidi; alihusika hasa upande wa usalama kipindi cha [[Vita vya Kagera]].<ref>https://www.bing.com/search?pglt=931&q=Dr.+Hassy+Kitine&cvid=64a720e9777b46b5b08df6a648a84ab5&gs_lcrp=EgRlZGdlKgYIABBFGDkyBggAEEUYOdIBBzgyNmowajGoAgCwAgA&FORM=ANNTA1&PC=U531</ref> |- | 4 || Dr. Augustine Mahiga (PhD) (Alikaimu) || 1980–1983 || Baadae alihudumu kama [[Balozi]] na Mwanadiplomasia wa [[UN|Umoja wa Mataifa]]. |- | 5 || Lt. Gen. Imrani Kombe || 1983–1995 || Alifariki mnamo mwaka 1996. |- | 6 || Col. Apson Mwang’onda || 1995–2005 || Aliboresha na kuunda upya mfumo wa TISS. |- | 7 || Othman Rashid || 2005–2016 || Alihudumu kipindi chote cha utawala wa Rais [[Jakaya Kikwete]]. |- | 8 || Dr. Modestus Kipilimba (PhD) || 2016 – 12 Sept 2019 || Alichaguliwa na Rais [[John Pombe Magufuli]]. |- | 9 || CP Diwani Athumani Msuya || 12 Sept 2019 – 3 Jan 2023 || Alikua Kamishina wa Polisi. |- | 10 || Said Hussein Massoro || 3 Jan 2023 – ~Aug 2023 || Alihudumu kwa kipindi kifupi cha miezi 8. |- | 11 || Balozi Ali Idi Siwa || Aug 2023 – 11 July 2024 || Alihudumu kwa muda wa miezi 11 na kustaafu. |- | 12 || Suleiman Abubakar Mombo || 11 July 2024 – Mpaka sasa|| Alichaguliwa na Rais [[Samia Suluhu Hassan]].<ref>{{cite news |title=President Samia appoints new spy chief |url=https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/news/national/president-samia-appoints-new-spy-chief-4687446 |work=The Citizen |date=2024-07-11 |access-date=2025-08-15}}</ref> |} ==Marejeo== {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-siasa}} [[Jamii:Arusha Translation-a-thon]] [[Jamii:Mashirika ya Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Idara ya Usalama wa Taifa Tanzania]] lwsn9jrny18dwkagm5bcyq63tvam82z 1606721 1606720 2026-10-10T11:25:11Z KALEB ENOSH ZACHARIA 91725 /* */ 1606721 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Idara ya Usalama wa Taifa Tanzania''' (kwa [[Kiingereza]] ''Tanzania Intelligence and Security Service''; [[kifupi]]: ''TISS'') ni [[idara]] ya [[usalama]] nchini [[Tanzania]].<ref name=":0">{{cite web |url=http://polis.parliament.go.tz/PAMS/docs/15-1996.pdf |title=The Tanzania Intelligence and Security Service Act, 1996 |year=1996 |website= |publisher=Parliament of Tanzania |accessdate=16 September 2013 |archivedate=2013-09-27 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927003257/http://polis.parliament.go.tz/PAMS/docs/15-1996.pdf }}</ref> Idara hiyo inafanya [[kazi]] kwa karibu na mashirika mengine ya kitaifa na ya kimataifa ya nyanja za usalama katika kuhakikisha [[amani]] ya kudumu, [[ulinzi]] na usalama, vinapatikana ndani na nje ya mipaka ya Tanzania. Kwa muktadha huo ni chombo ambacho kina kazi sawa na Idara ya Uhamiaji ambapo hufanya kazi ya kulinda amani pamoja na mipaka ya nchi. Ukitoa usalama ambao ni kazi ya serikali, ni jukumu la nchi na viongozi wa idara hizo mbili kutoa taarifa ya jambo lolote linaloashiria uvunjifu wa amani ama ukiukaji wa haki stahiki za uingiaji nchini. Kwa hiyo TISS ni chombo muhimu sana ndani ya nchi yetu ya Tanzania Idara ya Usalama wa Taifa ndiyo jicho la Usalama katika nchi yetu, kwani ni jukumu lao kuona na kugundua viashiria vya uvunjifu wa amani na Usalama katika nchi<ref>{{Cite web|title=SearchLion.com-Video, Blog &amp; Twitter Search Engine|url=https://doi.org/10.4016/33121.01|work=SciVee|date=2011-08-25|accessdate=2026-10-10|author=Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb}}</ref> Kazi ya idara ya Usalama wa taifa ni kuchukua hatua na kuishauri Serikali dhidi ya watu ambao ni hatarishi katika Usalama wa nchi<ref>{{Cite web|title=SearchLion.com-Video, Blog &amp; Twitter Search Engine|url=https://doi.org/10.4016/33121.01|work=SciVee|date=2011-08-25|accessdate=2026-10-10|author=Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb, Bryce kaleb Bryce kaleb}}</ref> Idara ya Usalama wa Taifa wana jukumu la kuhakikisha Serikali iliyopo madarakani inatekeleza majukumu ya kuwahudumia wananchi wao katika hali ya amani bila pressure za aina yeyote kutoka watu ambao wana interests zao (Political interest)<ref>{{Cite journal |last=ENOSH Science Center |date=2026-09-12 |title=Crossmark and Post-Publication Update Policy |url=https://doi.org/10.66661/enosh-crossmark-policy |journal=ENOSH science journal |doi=10.66661/enosh-crossmark-policy |issn=3138-5850}}</ref> ''' Wakurugenzi wa Idara ya Usalama wa Taifa (Tanzania)''' {|class="wikitable" style="width:100%" |- ! width=5 | Na ! width=10 | Jina ! width=5| Muda aliohudumu ! width=15| Maelezo |- | 1 || Emilio Mzena || 1961–1975 || Mkurugenzi wa kwanza baada ya kupata uhuru; alichagulia na Rais [[Julius Nyerere]]. |- | 2 || Dr. Lawrence Gama (PhD) || 1975–1978 || Baadaye alichaguliwa kuwa Mkuu wa Mkoa wa Dodoma. |- | 3 || Dr. Hassy Kitine (PhD) || 1978–1980 || Mteule kijana zaidi; alihusika hasa upande wa usalama kipindi cha [[Vita vya Kagera]].<ref>https://www.bing.com/search?pglt=931&q=Dr.+Hassy+Kitine&cvid=64a720e9777b46b5b08df6a648a84ab5&gs_lcrp=EgRlZGdlKgYIABBFGDkyBggAEEUYOdIBBzgyNmowajGoAgCwAgA&FORM=ANNTA1&PC=U531</ref> |- | 4 || Dr. Augustine Mahiga (PhD) (Alikaimu) || 1980–1983 || Baadae alihudumu kama [[Balozi]] na Mwanadiplomasia wa [[UN|Umoja wa Mataifa]]. |- | 5 || Lt. Gen. Imrani Kombe || 1983–1995 || Alifariki mnamo mwaka 1996. |- | 6 || Col. Apson Mwang’onda || 1995–2005 || Aliboresha na kuunda upya mfumo wa TISS. |- | 7 || Othman Rashid || 2005–2016 || Alihudumu kipindi chote cha utawala wa Rais [[Jakaya Kikwete]]. |- | 8 || Dr. Modestus Kipilimba (PhD) || 2016 – 12 Sept 2019 || Alichaguliwa na Rais [[John Pombe Magufuli]]. |- | 9 || CP Diwani Athumani Msuya || 12 Sept 2019 – 3 Jan 2023 || Alikua Kamishina wa Polisi. |- | 10 || Said Hussein Massoro || 3 Jan 2023 – ~Aug 2023 || Alihudumu kwa kipindi kifupi cha miezi 8. |- | 11 || Balozi Ali Idi Siwa || Aug 2023 – 11 July 2024 || Alihudumu kwa muda wa miezi 11 na kustaafu. |- | 12 || Suleiman Abubakar Mombo || 11 July 2024 – Mpaka sasa|| Alichaguliwa na Rais [[Samia Suluhu Hassan]].<ref>{{cite news |title=President Samia appoints new spy chief |url=https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/news/national/president-samia-appoints-new-spy-chief-4687446 |work=The Citizen |date=2024-07-11 |access-date=2025-08-15}}</ref> |} ==Marejeo== {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-siasa}} [[Jamii:Arusha Translation-a-thon]] [[Jamii:Mashirika ya Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Idara ya Usalama wa Taifa Tanzania]] izgjd0dwbljqsbs6irnpftzlz5d4rtw 0 140809 1606544 1309518 2026-10-09T13:38:39Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606544 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person |jina = Bernard Kabanda Sslongo |picha = |maelezo_ya_picha = |tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = [[1959]] |mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = [[Kampala]], [[Uganda]] |tarehe_ya_kufariki = [[4 Septemba]] [[1999]] |mahala_alipofia = |majina_mengine = |anafahamika kwa = |kazi_yake = Mwanamuziki na Mpiga gitaa |nchi = }} {{tafsiri kompyuta}} '''Bernard Kabanda Sslongo''' ([[1959]] - [[4 Septemba]] [[1999]]) alikuwa mpiga [[gitaa]] wa [[Uganda]]. Alikuwa maarufu katika [[muziki]] ulimwenguni kupitia kuonekana kwake huko [[USA]] na [[Uingereza]]. Mnamo mwaka [[1999]] kabla ya kufa na [[UKIMWI]] alifanya onyesho lake la Womad's Reading akiwa na [[umri]] wa miaka 40. Alifahamika katika mitaa ya [[Kampala]], mji mkuu wa Uganda, kwa kuchezea gitaa ambalo alikuwa amejitengenezaa mwenyewe kutoka katika gitaa chakavu. Aliweza kucheza peke yake na alifanya hivyo pia katika ziara yake ya Womad, ambapo alicheza na Samuel Bakkabulindi Sslongo, ambaye alichezea vishikizo vya muda vya mabati, ngoma na vijiti. ==Viungo ya nje== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20210810070210/https://womad.org/?section=select&product_id=ws106 The Womad Select Information Page] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070310212839/http://www.amadinda.co.uk/kabanda.do A Tribute to Bernard Kabanda] == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1959]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1999]] [[Jamii:USLWA]] [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Uganda]] [[Jamii:Arusha Editathon Muziki]] puzovtavt5u5d9m1o112f0l1r4mf11z 0 140993 1606652 1534141 2026-10-10T03:37:17Z SajoR 15283 1606652 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Image:Sanezequiel02.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Picha]] halisi ya Mt. Ezekieli.]] [[Faili:Coat of arms of Ezequiel Moreno Díaz.svg|thumb]] '''Ezekieli Moreno, [[O.A.R.]]''' (kwa [[Kihispania]]: '''Ezequiél Moreno y Díaz'''; [[Alfaro]], [[La Rioja (Hispania)|La Rioja]], [[Hispania]], [[9 Aprili]] [[1848]] – [[Montegudo]], [[Navarra]], Hispania, [[19 Agosti]] [[1906]]) alikuwa [[Waaugustino|Mwaugustino]] aliyetumia [[maisha]] yake yote [[Uinjilishaji|kuinjilisha]] kama [[mmisionari]] kwanza huko [[Ufilipino]], [[Asia]] [[Visiwa|visiwani]], halafu huko [[Kolombia]], [[Amerika Kusini]] alipopata kuwa [[askofu]] wa [[Pasto]]<ref>https://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/66725</ref>. [[Papa Paulo VI]] alimtangaza [[mwenye heri]] [[tarehe]] [[1 Novemba]] [[1975]], na [[Papa Yohane Paulo II]] alimfanya [[mtakatifu]] tarehe [[11 Oktoba]] [[1992]]<ref>[https://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/es/homilies/1992/documents/hf_jp-ii_hom_19921011_v-centenario.html SANTA MISA EN EL V CENTENARIO DE LA EVANGELIZACIÓN Y CANONIZACIÓN DEL BEATO EZEQUIEL MORENO Y DÍAZ HOMILÍA DEL SANTO PADRE JUAN PABLO II Faro a Colón, Santo Domingo Domingo 11 de octubre de 1992] Vatican.va, article in Spanish</ref>. [[Sikukuu]] yake huadhimishwa tarehe [[19 Agosti]]<ref>[[Martyrologium Romanum]]</ref>. ==Tazama pia== * [[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Mabradha wa Shule za Kikristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waaugustino]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabazili]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabenedikto]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wadominiko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wajesuiti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakarmeli]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakolumbani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wamersedari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waoratori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapasionisti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapremontree]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waredentori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wasalesiani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waskolopi]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wateatini]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watrinitari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watumishi wa Maria]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wavinsenti]] ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} ==Marejeo== * Rafael Lazcano, ''Episcopologio agustiniano''. Agustiniana, Guadarrama (Madrid), 2014, vol. II, 2024-2063. [Life, works, studies, iconography and wegraphy). ==Viungo vya nje== {{commons category|Ezequiel Moreno}} *[http://www.recoletos.ph/article/articleview/40/1/7/ Recoletos Communications] {{Wayback|url=http://www.recoletos.ph/article/articleview/40/1/7/ |date=20090228020509 }} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20090323072938/http://saints.sqpn.com/sainte43.htm Parton Saints Index] {{mbegu-Mkristo}} [[Category:Waliozaliwa 1848]] [[Category:Waliofariki 1906]] [[Category:Waaugustino]] [[Category:Wamisionari]] [[Category:Maaskofu Wakatoliki]] [[Category:Watakatifu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watakatifu wa Kolombia]] 4y84d2ol6mp25w96q592t5jb3ujf0yw 0 145488 1606649 1589498 2026-10-10T01:53:23Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606649 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eye Care Foundation''' ([[kifupi]]: '''ECF''') ni shirika la kimataifa la kutoa misaada linalofanya kazi katika zaidi ya nchi 20 nchini [[Asia]]<ref>[https://punemirror.indiatimes.com/pune/ kiraia/macho-daktari-na-old-mafunzo-may-miss-glaucoma/articleshow/62781907.cms Madaktari wa macho walio na mafunzo ya zamani wanaweza kukosa glakoma] IndiaTimes.com (5 Feb 2018). Ilirejeshwa tarehe 05 Mei 2018.</ref> na [[Afrika]].<ref>[https://guardian.ng/news/africas-first-rotary-eye-hospital-nearing-completion-in-lagos/ Africa's Hospitali ya kwanza ya Rotary Eye inakaribia kukamilika Lagos] {{Wayback|url=https://guardian.ng/news/africas-first-rotary-eye-hospital-nearing-completion-in-lagos/ |date=20220627231330 }} The Guardian.ng (6 Sept 2017). Ilirejeshwa tarehe 04 Mei 2018.</ref><ref>[https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/04/free-health-mission-8-month-old-aged-recover-sight/ Umri wa miezi 8 , wenye umri, rudisha kuona] VanGuardngr.com (18 Aprili 2018). Ilirejeshwa tarehe 05 Mei 2018.</ref> ECF ilianzishwa wakati ''Eyecare Worldwide'' na ''Mekong Eye Doctors'' zilipoungana [[mwaka]] wa [[2008]].<ref>[https://beta.volkskrant.nl/economie/instellingen-ooghulp-slaan-handen-ineen~b326b9b2 / Instellingen ooghulp slaan handen ineen]{{Dead link|date=August 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Volkskrant.nl (25 Julai 2008). Ilirejeshwa tarehe 05 Mei 2018.</ref> Mashirika hayo mawili yalishiriki malengo sawa na kufanya kazi pamoja kwa kuwa msingi wa sasa umeonekana kuwa wa ufanisi zaidi. [[Mkurugenzi Mtendaji]] wa ECF ni [[Björn Stenvers]]. == Historia == Eyecare Worldwide (1984) ilianzishwa na [[daktari]] [[daktari wa macho|wa macho]] wa [[Uholanzi]] ambaye aliguswa na hali mbaya ya [[idadi]] kubwa ya watu ambao walikuwa na [[upofu]] ambao ungeweza kuponywa au hata kuzuiwa. Mekong Eye Doctors (1993) ilianzishwa na mwanabiokemia wa Uholanzi baada ya kuwa nchini [[Uthai|Thailand]] kufanya [[utafiti]] wa [[Jicho|macho]]. Eye Foundation inasaidia miradi nchini [[Kamboja|Kambodia]], [[Laos]], [[Nepal]], [[Tanzania]] na [[Vietnam]] ili kuzuia na kuponya [[ulemavu]] wa macho na upofu unaozuilika. Wakfu pia husaidia watu ambao hawawezi kupata [[huduma]] nzuri ya macho na hawawezi kumudu huduma ya macho kama vile [[miwani]] au [[upasuaji]] wa [[mtoto wa jicho]]. Eye Care Foundation ina [[ofisi]] na [[hospitali]] katika eneo la [[Himalaya]] ([[Nepal]]), [[Asia ya Kusini-Mashariki|Asia ya Kusini-mashariki]] ([[Vietnam]],<ref>[https://www.sc.com/global/ av/eye-care-programme.pdf Standard Chartered yapanua mpango wa huduma ya macho kwa watu zaidi ya milioni 2.2 nchini Vietnam] StandardChartered, Sc.com (22 Januari 2016). Ilirejeshwa tarehe 05 Mei 2018.</ref> [[Cambodia]], [[Laos]]) na [[Afrika]] ([[Tanzania]]).<ref>[https://www.northwestsignal.net/news/article_a9e07fdf-5218-5517-befd-d90dd5f229a8.html Klabu ya Simba ya Ndani hujifunza kuhusu Eye Care Foundation] {{Wayback|url=https://www.northwestsignal.net/news/article_a9e07fdf-5218-5517-befd-d90dd5f229a8.html |date=20230811091304 }} Northwest Signal.net (4 Mei 2018). Ilirejeshwa tarehe 04 Mei 2018.</ref> [[Toine van Peperstraten]] ni Balozi wa Wakfu wa Huduma ya Macho.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Toine van Peperstraten zet zich in voor Eye Care Foundation|url=https: //nederlandsmedianieuws.nl/TV-en-Video/tv-en-video-nieuws/Toine-van-Peperstraten-zet-zich-in-voor-Eye-Care-Foundation/|url-status=live|accessdate=2022-07-21|archivedate=2022-05-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511035728/https://nederlandsmedianieuws.nl/TV-en-Video/tv-en-video-nieuws/Toine-van-Peperstraten-zet-zich-in-voor-Eye-Care-Foundation/}}</ref> == Nchi inakofanya kazi == === Tanzania === ECF imesaidia idara ya [[afya]] ya macho ya Hospitali ya Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center (KCMC)<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Eye Clinic|url=https://www.kcmc.ac.tz/Services/eye.php|access-date=2021-05-06|website=www.kcmc.ac.tz|accessdate=2022-01-05|archivedate=2021-05-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506205813/https://www.kcmc.ac.tz/Services/eye.php}}</ref> tangu [[2009]] na amekuwa na ofisi nchini Tanzania tangu [[2018]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Shughuli za Taasisi ya Macho nchini Tanzania|url=https://www.iapb.org/about/news/eye-care-foundation-activities-in- tanzania/|access-date=2021-05-06|website=Shirika la Kimataifa la Kuzuia Upofu|language=en-GB}}</ref> === Kambodia === Wakfu huo umetoa msaada kwa ajili ya huduma ya macho nchini Kambodia tangu 1997, kusaidia watu wasiojiweza kiuchumi na kijamii. ECF inalenga kujenga mtandao thabiti wa huduma ya macho na kutoa huduma ya macho kwa bei nafuu kwa kuweka idara za [[ubora]] wa juu za huduma ya macho katika hospitali za ndani.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Eyes Care Foundation|url=https://www. ccc-cambodia.org/en/ngodb/ngo-information/325|access-date=2021-05-06|website=www.ccc-cambodia.org}}</ref> Wameshirikiana na Mpango wa Kitaifa wa Macho Afya kwa kufanya kazi kwa ushirikiano na Huduma za Afya za Mkoa katika majimbo ya Ratanakiri, Mondulkiri, Kratie, Svay Rieng, Tbong Khmum, Preah Vihear, Oddar Meanchey na Pailin. ECF imeanzisha huduma za utunzaji wa macho kwa vikundi kama vile makabila madogo, watu wenye ulemavu, na wanawake na watoto.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Wakfu wa Macho, Kambodia {{!}} The Center for Health Market Innovations|url=https://healthmarketinnovations.org/program/eye-care-foundation-cambodia|access-date=2021-05-06|website=healthmarketinnovations.org|accessdate=2022-01-05|archivedate=2022-01-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220104235139/https://healthmarketinnovations.org/program/eye-care-foundation-cambodia}}</ref> Mnamo 2007, Ofisi ya Kambodia huko Phnom Penh ilikuwa kufunguliwa. === Laos === ECF ilitembelea Laos kwa mara ya kwanza mwaka wa 2007, na kuanza miradi katika majimbo ya Xieng Khouang na Houa Phanh mwaka wa 2011. Msaada ulitolewa katika mikoa hii ili kuongeza ubora na upatikanaji wa huduma ya macho. Mnamo 2018, ofisi ya shamba huko Laos ilifunguliwa. Madaktari wawili wa ophthalmologists walikamilisha ukaaji wa ophthalmology na kuanza kazi yao kwenye miradi katika majimbo ya Houaphan na Saysomboun. Huko Saysomboun, kitengo kipya cha huduma ya macho kilianzishwa na kutayarishwa. === Nepal === ECF inasaidia hospitali kuu mbili nchini Nepal; huko Mechi na Pokhara. ECF inasaidia programu za afya ya macho huko Gandaki, Dhaulagiri, Mechi, Gorkha na Karnali. Ofisi ya Nepali ilifunguliwa mwaka wa 1988. === Vietnam === ECF inasaidia huduma ya macho nchini Vietnam tangu 1993. Hapo awali, msingi huo ulihusika katika kuandaa kambi za macho zinazoendeshwa na wataalamu wa ophthalmologists na wauguzi wa Uholanzi, kusaidia kutibu wagonjwa wengi wa cataract iwezekanavyo. ECF imeanzisha vituo 2 vya maono huko Vinh Long na Dong Thap, kwa usaidizi wa wafadhili, na kuongeza jumla ya vituo 16 vya Maono kwa usaidizi wa Wakfu kote katika eneo la Mekong Delta.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Wakfu wa Huduma ya Macho: Kuimarisha huduma za afya ya macho shuleni katika ngazi ya wilaya nchini Vietnam|url=https://www.iapb.org/news/eye-care-foundation-enhancing-school-eye-health-services-at-the-district-level- in-vietnam/|access-date=2021-05-06|website=The International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness|language=en-GB}}</ref> Ofisi ya Vietnam katika Jiji la Ho Chi Minh ilifunguliwa mwaka wa 2008. ==Tanbihi== {{Marejeo}} == Marejeo == * ''Kitabu Kidogo cha macho cha Winksy.'' ECF: [[Dar Es Salaam]], 2022, {{ISBN|978-9083-2520-5-6}} * ''Because I carrot, Vitamin A-Rich Recipes for Healthy Eyes.'' ECF: [[Amsterdam]], 2022, {{ISBN|978-9090-3598-23}} * ''The little book of eyes by Winksy.'' ECF: [[Phnom Penh]], 2022, {{ISBN|978-9083-252001}} * ''The little Coloring Book of eyes by Winksy.'' ECF: [[Amsterdam]], 2022, {{ISBN|978-9083-252070}} * ''Siku katika maisha ya Leyla & Ray.'' ECF: [[Dar Es Salaam]], 2021, {{ISBN|978-9083-252032}} * ''Một ngày của Hy và Ry.'' ECF: [[Saigon]], 2021, {{ISBN|978-9083-252018}} * ''A day in the life of Hy & Ry.'' ECF: [[Amsterdam]], 2021, {{ISBN|978-9090-355047}} * ''Mission Eye Care.'' Johan Enschede Amsterdam (JEA): Amsterdam, 2019, {{ISBN|978-9-0830-14029}} ==Viungo vya nje== *[http://www.eyecarefoundation.eu/ official] [[Jamii:Mashirika ya kimataifa]] b3c7avijkoql5f0ghdmm0cdgxb2fvai 0 147758 1606540 1603619 2026-10-09T12:49:22Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 3 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606540 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Bassekou Kouyaté | picha = | image_size = 220 | maelezo = Bassekou Kouyaté akicheza [[ngoni]] pamoja na bendi yake, Ngoni Ba. | background = non_vocal_instrumentalist | asili yake = Garana, [[Mali]] | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|1966|8|7|df=yes}} | aina = [[Muziki wa Mandé]], [[Muziki wa Kibambara]], [[blues]], [[Muziki wa jadi wa Mali]] | kazi yake = [[Mpiga ngoni]], mtunzi wa nyimbo na kiongozi wa bendi | miaka ya kazi = 1980–sasa | ameshirikiana na = [[Ngoni Ba]], [[Ali Farka Touré]], [[Toumani Diabaté]], [[Kassé Mady Diabaté]], [[Habib Koité]], [[Afel Bocoum]] }} '''Bassekou Kouyaté''' (alizaliwa 7 Agosti 1966) ni mwanamuziki, mtunzi wa nyimbo na mpiga [[ngoni]] kutoka [[Mali]]. Anachukuliwa kuwa mmoja wa wapiga ngoni mashuhuri zaidi duniani, na ni mwanzilishi na kiongozi wa bendi ya '''Ngoni Ba'''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bassekou Kouyate & Ngoni Ba |url=https://livesessions.npr.org/artists/bassekou-kouyate-ngoni-ba |website=NPR |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=About Bassekou Kouyate |url=https://www.bassekou.com/about-1/ |website=Bassekou Kouyaté |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref> Kouyaté alizaliwa katika kijiji cha Garana, karibu na mto Niger na takribani kilomita 60 kutoka [[Ségou]]. Anatoka katika familia ya [[jeli]]—jamii ya wanamuziki na watunza historia katika utamaduni wa Mandé. Mama yake, Yagaré Damba, alikuwa mwimbaji wa sifa, huku baba yake, Moustapha Kouyaté, akiwa mpiga ngoni. Alianza kujifunza ngoni akiwa na umri wa miaka 12.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bassekou Kouyate & Ngoni Ba |url=https://livesessions.npr.org/artists/bassekou-kouyate-ngoni-ba |website=NPR |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Bassekou Kouyate |url=https://www.subpop.com/artists/bassekou_kouyate_and_ngoni_ba |website=Sub Pop Records |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref> [[Ngoni]] ni ala ya nyuzi inayofanana na lute, inayotumiwa katika sehemu mbalimbali za Afrika Magharibi. Kouyaté ameendeleza matumizi yake kwa kuunganisha ngoni za sauti tofauti ndani ya bendi moja, pamoja na gitaa, ngoma, sauti na ala nyingine. Mbinu hiyo imeifanya Ngoni Ba isikike kama bendi ya muziki kamili, badala ya usindikizaji wa ngoni wa kitamaduni pekee.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Artist Profiles: Bassekou Kouyate |url=https://worldmusiccentral.org/artist-profiles-bassekou-kouyate/ |website=World Music Central |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Bassekou Kouyate |url=http://bassekoukouyate.com/ |website=Bassekou Kouyaté |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref> Kabla ya kuanzisha kazi yake ya kujitegemea, Kouyaté alishirikiana na wanamuziki kadhaa wakubwa wa Mali, akiwemo [[Toumani Diabaté]] na [[Ali Farka Touré]]. Pia alishiriki katika albamu ''[[Savane]]'' ya Ali Farka Touré, jambo lililomsaidia kupata heshima kubwa katika muziki wa Mali na kutambulika kimataifa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bassekou Kouyate on Apple Music |url=https://music.apple.com/us/artist/bassekou-kouyate/212080064 |website=Apple Music |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref> Mwaka 2007 alitoa albamu yake ya kwanza na Ngoni Ba, ''[[Segu Blue]]''. Albamu hiyo ilisifiwa sana na ilishinda tuzo za BBC Radio 3 World Music katika vipengele vya Albamu Bora na Msanii Bora wa Afrika. ''Segu Blue'' iliweka msingi wa mtindo wake wa kuunganisha muziki wa jadi wa Bamana na blues, rock na muziki wa dunia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bassekou Kouyate & Ngoni Ba |url=https://livesessions.npr.org/artists/bassekou-kouyate-ngoni-ba |website=NPR |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Bassekou Kouyate |url=https://www.musiques-afrique.net/mali/art_kouyate_bassekou.html |website=Musiques d'Afrique |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref> Albamu iliyofuata, ''[[I Speak Fula]]'', ilitolewa mwaka 2009. Jina lake linaonyesha mwelekeo wa Kouyaté wa kuvuka mipaka ya lugha na jamii za Mali. Baadaye alitoa ''[[Jama Ko]]'' mwaka 2013 na ''[[Ba Power]]'' mwaka 2015. Albamu hizo zilionyesha upande wenye nguvu zaidi wa muziki wake, uliokuwa na athari za rock, funk na blues.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Artist Profiles: Bassekou Kouyate |url=https://worldmusiccentral.org/artist-profiles-bassekou-kouyate/ |website=World Music Central |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref> Mwaka 2019 alitoa ''[[Miri]]'', neno la Kibambara linalomaanisha “ndoto”. Albamu hiyo ina nyimbo kuhusu mapenzi, urafiki, familia, maadili na matumaini. Iliwashirikisha wageni kama [[Habib Koité]], [[Afel Bocoum]], Majid Bekkas na Abdoulaye Diabaté.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Miri |url=https://outhererecords.bandcamp.com/album/bassekou-kouyate-miri |website=Outhere Records |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Bassekou Kouyate's Impeccably Crafted Music |url=https://worldmusiccentral.org/bassekou-kouyates-impeccably-crafted-music/ |website=World Music Central |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref> Nyimbo kama ''Kanougnon'', ''Deli'', ''Kanto Kelena'', ''Nyame'', ''Konya'' na ''Yakare'' zinaonyesha upana wa sauti wa albamu hiyo.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Miri |url=https://outhererecords.bandcamp.com/album/bassekou-kouyate-miri |website=Outhere Records |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref> Kouyaté amekuwa akifanya kazi pamoja na mke wake, [[Amy Sacko]], ambaye ni mwimbaji na mshiriki muhimu wa Ngoni Ba. Pia amewashirikisha wanafamilia wengine katika bendi hiyo. Mwaka 2024 alitoa ''[[Djudjon, l'oiseau de Garana]]'' kwa ushirikiano na Amy Sacko.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Artist Profiles: Bassekou Kouyate |url=https://worldmusiccentral.org/artist-profiles-bassekou-kouyate/ |website=World Music Central |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Bassekou Kouyate |url=https://www.musiques-afrique.net/mali/art_kouyate_bassekou.html |website=Musiques d'Afrique |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref> ==Diskografia== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Albamu ! Msanii/kikundi ! Mwaka ! Kampuni ya kurekodi |- | ''[[Segu Blue]]'' | Bassekou Kouyaté & Ngoni Ba | 2007 | Out Here Records |- | ''[[I Speak Fula]]'' | Bassekou Kouyaté & Ngoni Ba | 2009 | Out Here Records |- | ''[[Jama Ko]]'' | Bassekou Kouyaté & Ngoni Ba | 2013 | Out Here Records |- | ''[[Ba Power]]'' | Bassekou Kouyaté & Ngoni Ba | 2015 | Glitterbeat Records |- | ''[[Miri]]'' | Bassekou Kouyaté & Ngoni Ba | 2019 | Out Here Records |- | ''[[Djudjon, l'oiseau de Garana]]'' | Bassekou Kouyaté & Amy Sacko | 2024 | One World Records |} ==Nyimbo maarufu== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Na. ! Jina la wimbo ! Albamu ! Mwaka |- | 1 | ''Tabali Te'' | ''[[Segu Blue]]'' | 2007 |- | 2 | ''Jonkoloni'' | ''[[Segu Blue]]'' | 2007 |- | 3 | ''Juru Nani'' | ''[[Segu Blue]]'' | 2007 |- | 4 | ''Mbowdi'' | ''[[Segu Blue]]'' | 2007 |- | 5 | ''The River Tune'' | ''[[Segu Blue]]'' | 2007 |- | 6 | ''Ngoni Fola'' | ''[[Segu Blue]]'' | 2007 |- | 7 | ''Bala'' | ''[[Segu Blue]]'' | 2007 |- | 8 | ''Segu Blue'' | ''[[Segu Blue]]'' | 2007 |- | 9 | ''I Speak Fula'' | ''[[I Speak Fula]]'' | 2009 |- | 10 | ''Jama Ko'' | ''[[Jama Ko]]'' | 2013 |- | 11 | ''Sinaly'' | ''[[Jama Ko]]'' | 2013 |- | 12 | ''Dankou'' | ''[[Jama Ko]]'' | 2013 |- | 13 | ''Ne Me Fatigue Pas'' | ''[[Jama Ko]]'' | 2013 |- | 14 | ''Kelemagni'' | ''[[Jama Ko]]'' | 2013 |- | 15 | ''Madou'' | ''[[Jama Ko]]'' | 2013 |- | 16 | ''Mali Kooni'' | ''[[Jama Ko]]'' | 2013 |- | 17 | ''Wagadou'' | ''[[Jama Ko]]'' | 2013 |- | 18 | ''Kanougnon'' | ''[[Miri]]'' | 2019 |- | 19 | ''Deli'' | ''[[Miri]]'' | 2019 |- | 20 | ''Kanto Kelena'' | ''[[Miri]]'' | 2019 |- | 21 | ''Wele Cuba'' | ''[[Miri]]'' | 2019 |- | 22 | ''Miri'' | ''[[Miri]]'' | 2019 |- | 23 | ''Wele Ni'' | ''[[Miri]]'' | 2019 |- | 24 | ''Konya'' | ''[[Miri]]'' | 2019 |- | 25 | ''Nyame'' | ''[[Miri]]'' | 2019 |- | 26 | ''Fanga'' | ''[[Miri]]'' | 2019 |- | 27 | ''Tabital Pulaaku'' | ''[[Miri]]'' | 2019 |- | 28 | ''Yakare'' | ''[[Miri]]'' | 2019 |} ==Marejeo== {{marejeo}} {{BD|1966}} {{mbegu-mwanamuziki}} [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Mali]] [[Jamii:Waimbaji wa Kibambara]] 7llnw6iq220mz1w1vao6ikc8iwugorz 0 150658 1606647 1511914 2026-10-10T01:33:41Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606647 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox_Person | jina =Ijoema Esther Okoelronkwo | nchi =Nigeria | majina_mengine =Esther Okoelronkwo | picha = | ukubwawapicha = | maelezo_ya_picha = | jina_la_kuzaliwa = | tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa =27/03/1997 | mahala_pa_kuzaliwa =Nigeria | tarehe_ya_kufariki = | mahala_alipofia = | sababu_ya_kifariki = | anajulikana kwa = | kazi_yake = | cheo = | mshahara = | kipindi = | alitanguliwa_na = | akafuatiwa_na = | chama = | bodi = | dini = | ndoa = | rafiki = | watoto = | mahusiano = | tovuti = | maelezo = | mwajiri = | urefu = | uzito = }} '''Ijeoma Esther Okoronkwo,''' (alizaliwa [[27 Machi]], [[1997]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] wa wanawake kutoka nchini [[Nigeria]] ambae anacheza kama [[mshambuliaji]] wa klabu ya mpira ya Saint-Étienne na [[timu ya taifa]] ya wanawake ya Nigeria.<ref name=CBS>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.cbssports.com/soccer/news/uswnt-vs-nigeria-score-goals-from-christen-press-and-lynn-williams-seal-three-game-summer-series-sweep/live/|title=USWNT vs. Nigeria score: Goals from Christen Press and Lynn Williams seal three-game Summer Series sweep|accessdate=19 June 2021}}</ref><ref name=LUA>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://lamarcardinals.com/sports/womens-soccer/roster/esther-okoronkwo/7258|title=Esther Okoronkwo - 2020 - Women's Soccer|website=Lamar University Athletics|accessdate=19 June 2021}}</ref><ref name=YU>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://ntcceagles.com/sports/womens-soccer/roster/esther-okoronkwo/268|title=Esther Okoronkwo - 2016 - Women's Soccer|website=Northeast Texas Community College Athletics|accessdate=19 June 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260908210605/https://ntcceagles.com/sports/womens-soccer/roster/esther-okoronkwo/268|archivedate=2026-09-08|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=LUA/> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1997]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa kike]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Nigeria]] 2600np6w1es18hjwxhwygsx2lxmr4yz 0 171864 1606636 1601302 2026-10-09T23:33:08Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606636 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Eddie Firmani, MISL 1984-85 media guide page 019.tif|thumb|right|1984]] '''Edwin Ronald "Eddie" Firmani''' (matamshi: ˈɛddi firˈmaːni; 7 Agosti 1933 - 24 Januari 2021) ni mchezaji wa zamani na mkufunzi wa soka. Alikuwa mshambuliaji wa zamani na alicheza sehemu kubwa ya kazi yake nchini Italia na Uingereza. Alizaliwa nchini [[Union of South Africa|Afrika Kusini]] na alicheza kwa timu ya taifa ya [[Italy national football team|Italia]]. ==Kazi ya Kucheza== Firmani alicheza kama mshambuliaji wa kati au mshambuliaji wa ndani. Alijiunga na timu ya Uingereza ya [[Charlton Athletic F.C.|Charlton Athletic]] mwaka 1950 na kuwa mfungaji bora wa kawaida, akiwemo kufunga mabao matano katika ushindi wa 6-1 dhidi ya [[Aston Villa F.C.|Aston Villa]] mwaka 1955. Wakati huo, kikosi cha Charlton kilijumuisha Waafrika Kusini kadhaa, [[John Hewie]], [[Stuart Leary]], na [[Sid O'Linn]]. Wakati wa kipindi chake cha kwanza na Charlton, alioa Pat Robinson, binti wa msaidizi wa meneja wa klabu hiyo. Baadaye mwaka 1955, alihamia klabu ya Italia ya [[U.C. Sampdoria|Sampdoria]] kwa pauni 35,000, ambayo wakati huo ilikuwa ni rekodi ya uhamisho kati ya klabu ya Uingereza, na kuanza kipindi cha miaka nane nchini Italia ambapo alipata [[caps (football)|caps]] tatu kwa timu ya taifa ya [[Italy national football team|Italia]], akipata uhalali wa kuichezea timu ya taifa kutokana na babu yake kuwa Muitaliano. Pia alicheza kwa [[Inter Milan]] na [[Genoa C.F.C.|Genoa]]. Wakati akiwa anacheza Italia, alipewa jina la utani ambalo baadaye lilirekebishwa mara mbili. Awali alijulikana kama ''Il Tacchino'' (Kiajabu) kwa sababu alipiga mabawa yake ya kiwiko alipokuwa anakimbia. Kisha jina hilo likabadilishwa kuwa ''Il Tacchino Freddo'' (Kiajabu Mwenye Baridi) kwa sababu ya jinsi alivyoshangilia mabao yake kwa utulivu, kabla ya hatimaye kujulikana kama ''Il Tacchino d'Oro'' (Kiajabu Cha Dhahabu) wakati alianza kufunga mabao mara kwa mara.<ref>[https://vault.si.com/vault/43252#&gid=ci0258bdb2f01226ef&pid=43252---cover-image Moses, Sam. "All the way with Tampa Bay," ''Sports Illustrated'', Septemba 1, 1975 (makala ukur asa 48).] {{Wayback|url=https://vault.si.com/vault/43252#&gid=ci0258bdb2f01226ef&pid=43252---cover-image |date=20201020040054 }} Imehifadhiwa tarehe 12 Desemba 2020</ref> Mwaka 1960, Firmani aliandika kitabu cha kumbukumbu kiitwacho "Football with the Millionaires", ambacho kinatoa tofauti ya kuvutia kati ya maisha ya wachezaji wa soka wa Italia na wenzao wa Uingereza katika enzi ya [[maximum wage]]. Alirudi Uingereza mwaka 1963, akajiunga tena na Charlton, ambao kwa wakati huo walikuwa wanacheza katika ligi ya pili. Baada ya miaka miwili, alihamia [[Southend United F.C.|Southend United]] katika ligi ya tatu lakini alirudi tena [[The Valley (London)|The Valley]] kwa kipindi cha tatu na Charlton baada ya misimu miwili. Jumla ya michezo aliyoiichezea Charlton ilikuwa 177, akifunga mabao 89. Kwa kutambua uwezo wake, alitajwa kuwa mchezaji bora wa kigeni wa Charlton mwaka 2005. Firmani ndiye mtu pekee aliyewahi kufunga mabao 100 katika ligi kuu ya Uingereza na Italia, ingawa alifunga mabao 50 tu katika ligi ya kwanza ya Uingereza. Mwaka 1975, alicheza mechi moja kwa [[Tampa Bay Rowdies (1975–1993)|Tampa Bay Rowdies]] ya [[North American Soccer League (1968–1984)|Ligi ya Soka ya Amerika ya Kaskazini]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.nasljerseys.com/Players/F/Firmani.Eddie.htm|title=NASL-|website=www.nasljerseys.com|access-date=25 Julai 2018}}</ref> ==Kazi ya Ukufunzi== ===Charlton Athletic=== Mwaka 1967, Firmani aliteuliwa kuwa mkufunzi wa Charlton na alistaafu kama mchezaji. Firmani alikuwa Mwitaliano wa kwanza kufundisha klabu ya Kiingereza.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/may/19/the-footballing-life-eddie-firmani|title=From Cape Town to NY, via Charlton: the footballing life of Eddie Firmani|last=Harris|first=Nick|date=19 Mei 2010|website=the Guardian|language=en|access-date=25 Julai 2018}}</ref> Katika msimu wake wa pili kama mkufunzi, Charlton walimaliza wa tatu katika [[Ligi ya Soka ya Uingereza daraja la pili|Ligi ya Pili]], wakikosa kufuzu kwa daraja la juu. Aliachishwa kazi mwezi Machi 1970 wakati Charlton walipambana kushuka daraja kwenda [[Ligi ya Soka ya Uingereza daraja la tatu|Ligi ya Tatu]]. ===Amerika Kaskazini=== Firmani alikwenda Amerika Kaskazini na kuwa mkufun zi wa timu kadhaa za [[North American Soccer League (1968–1984)|Ligi ya Soka ya Amerika ya Kaskazini]]: [[Tampa Bay Rowdies (1975–1993)|Tampa Bay Rowdies]], [[New York Cosmos (1971–1985)|New York Cosmos]] na [[Philadelphia Fury (1978–80)|Philadelphia Fury]] ambayo iligeuka kuwa [[Montreal Manic]]. Alikuwa mkufunzi wa Rowdies walioshinda [[Soccer Bowl '75|ubingwa wa NASL]] mwaka wa [[1975 North American Soccer League season|1975]] katika mwaka wake wa kwanza kama mkufunzi na aliteuliwa kuwa mkufunzi bora wa NASL mwaka wa [[1976 North American Soccer League season#Post season awards|1976]], alipoongoza Tampa Bay kufikia rekodi bora ya msimu wa kawaida. Pia aliongoza Rowdies hadi fainali za mashindano ya ndani ya NASL katika [[1975 NASL Indoor tournament|1975]] na [[1976 NASL Indoor tournament|1976]], akishinda la mwisho. Alikuwa mmoja wa makocha watatu tu ''([[Ron Newman (footballer)|Ron Newman]] na [[Al Miller (soccer)|Al Miller]])'' kushinda taji la nje na la ndani katika NASL. Mwaka 1977, Firmani alihamishiwa na kusainiwa na Cosmos katikati ya msimu, baada ya kujiuzulu kutoka Rowdies kwa sababu za kibinafsi. Wakati huo, Cosmos walikuwa na timu iliyokuwa na [[Pelé]], [[Beckenbauer]], [[Giorgio Chinaglia]], na wengine. Firmani alimuongezea [[Carlos Alberto Torres|Carlos Alberto]], nahodha wa [[1970 FIFA World Cup squads#.C2.A0Brazil|Brazil]] iliyoshinda Kombe la Dunia la [[1970 FIFA World Cup|1970]], na Cosmos wakashinda mataji mfululizo katika [[Soccer Bowl '77|1977]] na [[Soccer Bowl '78|1978]]. Kwa mara ya pili katika miaka mitatu, kikosi chake kilikuwa na rekodi bora mwishoni mwa msimu wa [[1978 North American Soccer League season|1978]]. Baada ya kuachishwa kazi na Cosmos mwezi Juni 1979, aliajiriwa haraka kama mkufunzi wa [[New Jersey Americans (soccer)|New Jersey Americans]] ya [[American Soccer League (1933-1983)|Ligi ya Soka ya Amerika]]. Msimu uliofuata, alirudi kufundisha NASL kama mkufunzi wa Fury. Baadaye alikufunza vilabu vya Canada [[FC Inter-Montréal]] ya [[Canadian Professional Soccer League (1983)|Canadian Professional Soccer League]] mwaka 1983 na [[Montreal Impact (1992–2011)|Montreal Impact]] mwaka 1993 wa [[American Professional Soccer League]] na mwisho kabisa timu ya [[Major League Soccer]] [[New York/New Jersey MetroStars]] mwaka 1996. ===Mashariki ya Kati=== Firmani alikuwa mkufunzi katika Mashariki ya Kati na aliongoza [[Al-Hilal FC|Al-Hilal]] ya [[Saudi Arabia]] kwa ushindi wa Ligi ya Mabingwa wa [[AFC]] mwaka wa [[1992 AFC Champions League|1992]]. Alikuwa mkufunzi wa [[Al-Ahli Saudi FC|Al-Ahli]] mwaka wa 1994, akiiongoza kushinda Kombe la Mfalme na Super Cup ya Saudia. Alifanya kazi pia na timu za [[Qatar]] [[Qatar national football team|Qatar]] na [[Al-Gharafa Sports Club|Al-Gharafa]]. ==Maisha ya baadaye== Baada ya kustaafu kutoka soka, Firmani alisafiri kote duniani akiendelea kufundisha na kujihusisha na miradi ya soka. Aliishi nchini [[South Africa]] kabla ya kuhamia nchini [[Canada]]. Firmani alipokea [[Medali ya Order of the British Empire|Order of the British Empire]] mnamo 2003 kwa mchango wake katika mchezo wa soka. Edwin Firmani alifariki dunia tarehe 24 Januari 2021 akiwa na umri wa miaka 87. ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1933]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2021]] 56a889yojx5jug9rsvxzflzn4xu1fdc 0 172248 1606635 1471588 2026-10-09T23:04:49Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606635 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Douglas Tallamy''' ni mtaalamu wa wadudu, mwanaikolojia na mhifadhi kutoka [[Marekani]]. Ni [[profesa]] katika Idara ya [[Entomolojia]] na Ikolojia ya Wanyamapori katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Delaware]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.humansandnature.org/doug-tallamy|title=Doug Tallamy|website=Center for Humans & Nature}}</ref> Ameandika na kushiriki uandishi wa vitabu kadhaa, pamoja na karatasi nyingi. Tallamy hutetea bustani za nyumbani na mandhari ambayo huziba mapengo kati ya bustani na hifadhi katika kutoa makazi kwa spishi asilia.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://pressofatlanticcity.com/community/currents_gazettes/brigantine/article_088641d4-24ea-51c7-a2d3-68e75df186c4.html|title=Author Doug Tallamy virtually coming to town &#124; Brigantine|website=pressofatlanticcity.com|date=5 November 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dailyherald.com/amp-article/20201113/submitted/201119619/|title=Learn how to use your yard to save nature's ecosystems|work=Daily Herald}}</ref> Amezungumza juu ya uhusiano kati ya mimea na wadudu na jinsi uhusiano huo ni muhimu kwa ndege.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.27east.com/home-garden/doug-tallamy-to-present-a-chickadees-guide-to-gardening-1532496/|title=Doug Tallamy To Present 'A Chickadee's Guide To Gardening'|date=September 9, 2019|website=27east.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230620143528/https://www.27east.com/home-garden/doug-tallamy-to-present-a-chickadees-guide-to-gardening-1532496/|archivedate=2023-06-20|accessdate=2023-06-20|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ametoa wito kwa viwanja yenye nyasi ndogo vinazotunzwa vizuri. Alihojiwa kuhusu hitaji la kupanda mimea asilia zaidi na [[Utah Public Radio]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.upr.org/post/natures-best-hope-douglas-tallamy-tuesdays-access-utah|title=&#039;Nature&#039;s Best Hope&#039; With Douglas Tallamy On Tuesday&#039;s Access Utah|first=Tom|last=Williams|date=28 April 2020 |publisher=Utah Public Radio}}</ref> Tallamy amesimamia tafiti kali za nyanjani ambazo huchunguza mimea asilia dhidi ya mimea iliyoletwa kama mwenyeji wa viwavi na makazi ya chickadee.<ref>{{cite web|last=Donahue |first=Michelle |url=https://www.audubon.org/news/new-research-further-proves-native-plants-offer-more-bugs-birds |title=New Research Further Proves Native Plants Offer More Bugs for Birds |publisher=Audubon |date=2017-07-27 |accessdate=2020-11-29}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasayansi}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanaume wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:waandishi wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanabiolojia wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Swahili climate voices]] o3aps20krm5qyete7260cqo8ggm8wnc 0 179093 1606591 1322753 2026-10-09T15:14:32Z ~2026-54511-17 93052 /* */ 1606591 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Coat of arms of Benin.svg|thumb|250px]] '''Nembo ya silaha au chapa ya kitaifa ya [[Benin]]''' iliyoanzishwa awali mwaka wa [[1964]], ilichukuliwa tena [[mwaka]] wa [[1990]] baada ya kubadilishwa mwaka wa [[1975]]. Juu ya nembo hiyo kuna mwamba wa kitaifa ambao una [[Pembe za ndovu|pembe]] mbili na [[mahindi]] kwenye sikio na kujazwa na [[mchanga]]. Hawa wanasifika kwa kusimama kwa ustawi. Chini ya mwamba kuna ngao ambayo ina nembo halisi ya Benin. [[Jamii:Benin]] [[Jamii:nembo za nchi|B]] 2a870ivo90pmd0fwooodvhdjyy93hwh 0 184840 1606657 1452345 2026-10-10T05:14:18Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606657 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ginette Amara Ali Mazicki''' ([[3 Januari]] [[1962]]) ni msomi, daktari wa mifugo, na mwanasiasa wa [[Afrika ya Kati]]. == Maisha ya mapema na elimu == Amara, anayehusiana na watu wa [[Banda]], alizaliwa mjini [[Sarh]] tarehe 3 Januari [[1962]].<ref name="GA">{{cite web |title=MINISTRE DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE ET DE I'INNOVATION TECHNOLOGIQUE |url=https://www.gouv.cf/les-ministres/99/ministre-de-la-recherche-scientifique-et-de-iinnovation-technologique |website=gouv.cf |publisher=Central African Government |access-date=16 April 2024}}</ref> Baba yake ni Michel Ali, na mama yake ni Joséphine Attea.<ref name="DK">{{cite thesis|last=Ali-Amara |first=Ginette|date=1992|title=L'Herbe du Laos : Chromolaena Odorata (L) R.M. KING et H. ROBINSON (Asteraceae) en République Centrafricaine (RCA) : essai de lutte avec des herbicides|url=https://beep.ird.fr/greenstone/collect/eismv/index/assoc/TD92-53.dir/TD92-53.pdf|type= |chapter=|page=11|publisher=École inter-États des sciences et médecine vétérinaires de Dakar|docket=|oclc=|access-date=16 April 2024}}</ref> Amara anatoka Ouandago, Nana-Grebizi.<ref name="GA"/> Alisoma katika Kituo cha primaire cha Ecole filles de Bangui, Lycée Pie XII, na ''Lycée Boganda de Bangui''. Baadaye, aliendelea na masomo ya juu katika Chuo Kikuu cha [[Bangui]] na {{ill|École inter-États des sciences et médecine vétérinaires de Dakar|fr|École inter-États des sciences et médecine vétérinaires de Dakar}}. Mwaka [[1992]], alipata [[Daktari|shahada ya Daktari]] wa Mifugo (Veterinary Doctor) kutoka Shule ya Kimataifa ya Sayansi ya Mifugo na Tiba ya Dakar akiwa na tasnifu iliyoitwa ''L'Herbe du Laos: Chromolaena Odorata (L) R.M. KING et H. ROBINSON (Asteraceae) katika [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] (CAR): majaribio ya kudhibiti dawa za kuulia magugu'' (Nyasi ya Laos: Chromolaena Odorata (L) R.M. KING na H. ROBINSON (Asteraceae) katika Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati: Majaribio ya Udhibiti kwa Dawa za Kuua Magugu).<ref name="GA"/><ref>{{cite web |last1=EISMV |first1=EISMV |title=beep.ird.fr |url=https://beep.ird.fr/greenstone/cgi-bin/library.cgi?e=d-01000-00---off-0eismv--00-1----01-10-00---0---0direct-10----4-------0-1l--11-fr-50---20-help---01-2-1-00-00--4--0--0-0-11-10-0utfZz-8-00&a=d&c=eismv&cl=CL2.1.67 |website=beep.ird.fr |publisher=École inter-États des sciences et médecine vétérinaires de Dakar |access-date=16 April 2024 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260411234631/https://beep.ird.fr/greenstone/cgi-bin/library.cgi?e=d-01000-00---off-0eismv--00-1----01-10-00---0---0direct-10----4-------0-1l--11-fr-50---20-help---01-2-1-00-00--4--0--0-0-11-10-0utfZz-8-00&a=d&c=eismv&cl=CL2.1.67 |archivedate=2026-04-11 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1962]] [[Jamii:WikiMonthly Edit-a-thon Kilimanjaro]] 6dworuvxdcnydfjmym556zt252hs9q9 0 187007 1606620 1510789 2026-10-09T21:19:13Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606620 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Deion Luwynn Sanders Sr.''' (alizaliwa [[9 Agosti|Agosti 9]], [[1967]]) ni kocha wa [[futiboli ya Marekani]] na mchezaji wa zamani ambaye ni kocha mkuu wa timu ya futiboli ya ''Colorado Buffaloes''. Anajulikana kwa majina "'''Prime Time'''" na "'''Neon Deion'''". Aliichezea Ligi ya NFL kwa misimu 14 na timu za ''Atlanta Falcons'', ''San Francisco 49ers'', ''Dallas Cowboys'', ''Washington Redskins'' na ''Baltimore Ravens''. Alishinda mataji mawili ya ''Super Bowl'' na alicheza katika ''World Series'' moja mwaka 1992 na kumfanya kuwa mchezaji pekee ambaye amecheza katika Super Bowl na World Series.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Haft |first=Chris |title=Deion enjoyed 'Prime' moments on diamond |url=http://m.mlb.com/news/article/16568972/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150205182713/http://m.mlb.com/news/article/16568972/ |archive-date=February 5, 2015 |access-date=February 5, 2015 |website=Major League Baseball}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url = https://issuu.com/flstateseminoles/docs/floridastatefootballguide2010 |title = Florida State Football Guide |date = August 17, 2010 |publisher = Issuu.com |access-date = August 16, 2012 |archive-date = 2024-12-25 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20241225053258/https://issuu.com/flstateseminoles/docs/floridastatefootballguide2010 |url-status = dead }}</ref><ref name="s237">{{cite web | last=Price | first=S.L. | title=CUT OFF FROM THE HERD | website=Sports Illustrated Vault | date=1997-08-25 | url=https://vault.si.com/vault/1997/08/25/cut-off-from-the-herd-randy-moss-the-most-gifted-player-in-college-football-is-leading-the-revival-of-a-marshall-program-still-haunted-by-a-devastating-1970-plane-crash-but-moss-cares-little-about-the-thundering-herds-past-and | access-date=2024-09-26 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413104822/https://vault.si.com/vault/1997/08/25/cut-off-from-the-herd-randy-moss-the-most-gifted-player-in-college-football-is-leading-the-revival-of-a-marshall-program-still-haunted-by-a-devastating-1970-plane-crash-but-moss-cares-little-about-the-thundering-herds-past-and | archivedate=2021-04-13 | url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1967]] pdelmaq8xyay2ic4dxh4cqzw2e1c8xj 0 187447 1606627 1599279 2026-10-09T22:21:07Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606627 wikitext text/x-wiki Rapa wa Kimarekani [[DMX]] alitoa albamu nane za [[studio]], albamu saba za mikusanyiko au kompilesheni, [[kandamseto]] tatu, singo 47 (ikijumuisha 17 kama msanii aliyeshirikishwa) na video za muziki 24. ==Albumu== ===Studio albums=== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" border="1" |+ Orodha ya albamu za studio, pamoja na nafasi za chati zilizochaguliwa, takwimu za mauzo na vyeti. ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:14em;"| Jina ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:22em;"| Maelezo ya albamu ! scope="col" colspan="10"| Nafaso za chati ! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Sales figures ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:14em;"| [[List of music recording certifications|Certifications]] |- ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[Billboard 200|US]]<br /><ref name="US-200">{{cite magazine | url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/dmx/chart-history/tlp/ | title=DMX – Chart History: Billboard 200 | magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | access-date=April 20, 2021}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums|US<br />R&B/<br />HH]]<br /><ref name="US-R&B-Al">{{cite magazine | url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/dmx/chart-history/blp/ | title=DMX – Chart History: Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |access-date=April 20, 2021}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[ARIA Charts|AUS]]<br /><ref name="AUS-Al">Peak chart positions for albums in Australia: * ''The Great Depression'': {{cite web|title=The ARIA Report: Issue 611 (Week Commencing 12 November 2001)|url=http://www.aria.com.au/issue611.pdf|publisher=[[Australian Recording Industry Association]]|access-date=June 1, 2012 |page=2|url-status=bot: unknown|archive-url=https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20020220130000/http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/23790/20020221-0000/www.aria.com.au/issue611.pdf|archive-date=February 21, 2002 }}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} * ''Grand Champ'': {{cite web |url=http://australian-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=DMX |title=Discography DMX |publisher=Hung Medien |work=australian-charts.com |access-date=August 12, 2017}} * ''Year of the Dog... Again'': {{cite web|url=http://www.aria.com.au/issue859.pdf|archive-url=https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20060919140000/http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/23790/20060920-0000/issue859.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=2006-09-19|title=The ARIA Report: 21 August 2006|publisher=[[Australian Web Archive]]|issue=859|page=2|access-date=April 15, 2015}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[Canadian Albums Chart|CAN]]<br /><ref name="CAN-Al">{{cite magazine |url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/dmx/chart-history/cna/ |title=DMX – Chart History: Billboard Canadian Albums |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |access-date=April 20, 2021}}</ref><ref name="CANADA1">{{cite web |url=https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/discover/films-videos-sound-recordings/rpm/Pages/image.aspx?Image=nlc008388.7442&URLjpg=http%3a%2f%2fwww.collectionscanada.gc.ca%2fobj%2f028020%2ff4%2fnlc008388.7442.gif&Ecopy=nlc008388.7442 |title=Image : RPM Weekly |date=July 17, 2013 |publisher=Library and Archives Canada |access-date=September 29, 2020 |archive-date=2026-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260106131317/https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/discover/films-videos-sound-recordings/rpm/Pages/image.aspx?Image=nlc008388.7442&URLjpg=http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/obj/028020/f4/nlc008388.7442.gif&Ecopy=nlc008388.7442 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="CANADA2">{{cite web | url=https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/discover/films-videos-sound-recordings/rpm/Pages/list.aspx?OCRText=DMX&ChartEn=Top+Albums%2fCDs& | title=Results: RPM Weekly Search term(s) 54 result(s) found for "DMX","Top Albums/CDs". | date=July 17, 2013 | publisher=Library and Archives Canada | access-date=September 29, 2020 | archive-date=2024-12-06 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241206134125/https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/discover/films-videos-sound-recordings/rpm/Pages/list.aspx?OCRText=DMX&ChartEn=Top+Albums%2fCDs& | url-status=dead}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[GfK Entertainment Charts|GER]]<br /><ref name="GER-Al">{{cite web | url=http://musicline.de/de/chartverfolgung_summary/artist/DMX/5516/?type=longplay | title=DMX – Longplay-Chartverfolgung | publisher=[[GfK Entertainment Charts]] | work=musicline.de | access-date=August 12, 2017 | language=German | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170812210846/http://musicline.de/de/chartverfolgung_summary/artist/DMX/5516/?type=longplay | archive-date=August 12, 2017 | url-status=dead }}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[Irish Albums Chart|IRL]]<br /><ref name="IRL">{{cite web | url=http://irish-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=DMX | title=Discography DMX | publisher=Hung Medien | work=irish-charts.com | access-date=August 12, 2017 | archive-date=2016-02-03 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160203152823/http://irish-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=DMX | url-status=dead}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[MegaCharts#Mega Album Top 100|NLD]]<br /><ref name="NLD">{{cite web | url=http://dutchcharts.nl/showinterpret.asp?interpret=DMX | title=Discografie DMX | publisher=Hung Medien | work=dutchcharts.nl | access-date=August 12, 2017 | language=Dutch}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[Official New Zealand Music Chart|NZ]]<br /><ref name="NZ">{{cite web | url=https://charts.nz/showinterpret.asp?interpret=DMX | title=Discography DMX | publisher=Hung Medien | work=charts.nz | access-date=August 12, 2017}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[Swiss Hitparade|SWI]]<br /><ref name="SWI">{{cite web | url=http://swisscharts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=DMX | title=Discography DMX | publisher=Hung Medien | work=swisscharts.com | access-date=August 12, 2017}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[UK Albums Chart|UK]]<br /><ref name="UK-Al">Peak chart positions for albums in the United Kingdom: * ''It's Dark and Hell Is Hot'', ''Flesh of My Flesh, Blood of My Blood'', ''... And Then There Was X'' and ''The Definition of X: The Pick of the Litter'': {{cite web|url=http://zobbel.de/cluk/CLUK_D.HTM|title=Chart Log UK: Asher D - Dyverse|last=Zywietz|first=Tobias|work=Zobbel.de|access-date=August 12, 2017}} * ''The Great Depression'', ''Grand Champ'' and ''Year of the Dog... Again'': {{cite web | url=http://www.officialcharts.com/artist/4579/dmx/ | title=DMX | publisher=[[Official Charts Company]] | access-date=August 12, 2017 |format=select "Albums" tab}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| ''[[It's Dark and Hell Is Hot]]'' | * Imetolewa: May&nbsp;19, 1998 <span style="font-size:85%;">(US)</span><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/its-dark-and-hell-is-hot-mw0000034200 |title=It's Dark and Hell Is Hot – DMX |last=Birchmeier |first=Jason |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 12, 2017}}</ref> * Lebo: [[Ruff Ryders Entertainment|Ruff Ryders]], [[Def Jam Recordings|Def Jam]] * Muundo [[Compact disc|CD]], [[LP record|LP]], [[Cassette tape|cassette]], [[Music download|digital download]] | 1 || 1 || — || 15 || — || — || — || — || — || 89 | * US: 4,800,000<ref name="billboard">{{cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/pop/5740721/justin-timberlakes-the-2020-experience-12-more-two-albumone-year|title=Justin Timberlake's 'The 20/20 Experience' & 12 More Two-Album/One-Year Releases|publisher=Billboard|first=Brad|last=Wete|date=October 1, 2013|access-date=June 4, 2020}}</ref> | * [[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]]: 4× Platinum<ref name="RIAA">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gold & Platinum: DMX|url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=DMX&ti=IT%27S+DARK+AND+HELL+IS+HOT&lab=&genre=&format=Album&date_option=release&from=&to=&award=&type=&category=&adv=SEARCH#search_section|access-date=March 21, 2021|website=Recording Industry Association of America.|language=en-US}}</ref> * [[British Phonographic Industry|BPI]]: Gold<ref name=BPI>{{Cite certification|region=United Kingdom|artist=DMX|access-date=April 27, 2024}}</ref> * [[Music Canada|MC]]: Platinum<ref name="MC">{{cite web|title=Gold/Platinum – DMX| date=January 8, 2004 |url=https://musiccanada.com/gold-platinum/?_gp_search=dmx&_gp_certification=platinum-albums&_gp_date=1999-08-31%2C1999-08-31|publisher=[[Music Canada]]|access-date=August 12, 2017}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Flesh of My Flesh, Blood of My Blood]]'' | * Imetolewa: December&nbsp;22,&nbsp;1998 <span style="font-size:85%;">(US)</span><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/flesh-of-my-flesh-blood-of-my-blood/id386205 |title=Flesh of My Flesh, Blood of My Blood by DMX |date=January 1998 |publisher=[[Apple Inc.|Apple]] |via=[[iTunes Store]] |access-date=August 12, 2017}}</ref> * Lebo: Ruff Ryders, Def Jam * Muundo CD, LP, cassette, digital download | 1 || 1 || — || 42 || 61 || — || — || — || — || 119 | * US: 3,500,000<ref name="billboard"/> | * RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gold & Platinum: DMX|url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=DMX&ti=Flesh+of+My+Flesh%2C+Blood+of+My+Blood&lab=&genre=&format=Album&date_option=release&from=&to=&award=&type=&category=&adv=SEARCH#search_section|website=Recording Industry Association of America.}}</ref> * [[British Phonographic Industry|BPI]]: Gold<ref name=BPI/> * MC: Gold<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gold/Platinum – DMX|url=https://musiccanada.com/gold-platinum/?_gp_search=dmx&_gp_certification=gold-albums&_gp_canadian=n&_gp_date=1999-02-26%2C1999-02-26|website=[[Music Canada]]| date=January 8, 2004 }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| ''[[... And Then There Was X]]'' | * Imetolewa: December&nbsp;21,&nbsp;1999 <span style="font-size:85%;">(US)</span><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/and-then-there-was-x-mw0000251789 |title=... And Then There Was X – DMX |last=Bush |first=John |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 12, 2017}}</ref> * Lebo: Ruff Ryders, Def Jam * Muundo CD, LP, cassette, digital download | 1 || 1 || — || 6 || 46 || — || 64 || — || — || 108 | * [[Nielsen SoundScan|US]]: 4,900,000{{efn|group=upper-alpha|name="US-sales"|Sales figures as of November 17, 2009.<ref name="USsales">{{cite journal | title=XXL Presents Def Jam's Entire Rap Discography | journal=[[XXL (magazine)|XXL]] | date=November 17, 2009 | issue=119 | pages=70–72 | publisher=[[Harris Publications]] | author=Erwin, Jack}}</ref>}} | * RIAA: 5× Platinum<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gold & Platinum: DMX|url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=DMX&ti=...And+Then+There+Was+X&lab=&genre=&format=Album&date_option=release&from=&to=&award=&type=&category=&adv=SEARCH#search_section|website=Recording Industry Association of America.}}</ref> * BPI: Gold<ref name=BPI/> * MC: Platinum<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gold/Platinum – DMX|url=https://musiccanada.com/gold-platinum/?_gp_search=dmx&_gp_certification=platinum-albums&_gp_canadian=n&_gp_date=2000-05-17%2C2000-05-17|website=[[Music Canada]]| date=January 8, 2004 }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| ''[[The Great Depression (DMX album)|The Great Depression]]'' | * Imetolewa: October&nbsp;23,&nbsp;2001 <span style="font-size:85%;">(US)</span><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/the-great-depression-mw0000591134 |title=The Great Depression – DMX |last=Birchmeier |first=Jason |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 12, 2017}}</ref> * Lebo: Ruff Ryders, Def Jam * Muundo CD, LP, cassette, digital download | 1 || 1 || 99 || 1 || 10 || 26 || 25 || 38 || 60 || 20 | * US: 1,862,000{{efn|group=upper-alpha|name="US-sales"}} | * RIAA: Platinum<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gold & Platinum: DMX|url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=DMX&ti=The+Great+Depression&lab=&genre=&format=Album&date_option=release&from=&to=&award=&type=&category=&adv=SEARCH#search_section|website=Recording Industry Association of America.}}</ref> * BPI: Gold<ref name=BPI/> * MC: Platinum<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gold/Platinum – DMX|url=https://musiccanada.com/gold-platinum/?_gp_search=dmx&_gp_certification=platinum-albums&_gp_date=2001-11-01%2C2001-11-01|website=[[Music Canada]]| date=January 8, 2004 }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Grand Champ]]'' | * Imetolewa: September&nbsp;16,&nbsp;2003 <span style="font-size:85%;">(US)</span><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/grand-champ-mw0002016697 |title=Grand Champ – DMX |last=Birchmeier |first=Jason |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 12, 2017}}</ref> * Lebo: Ruff Ryders, Def Jam * Muundo CD, LP, cassette, digital download | 1 || 1 || 32 || 2 || 6 || 8 || 28 || 7 || 10 || 6 | * US: 1,204,000{{efn|group=upper-alpha|name="US-sales"}} | * RIAA: Platinum<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gold & Platinum: DMX|url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=DMX&ti=grand+CHamp&lab=&genre=&format=Album&date_option=release&from=&to=&award=&type=&category=&adv=SEARCH#search_section|website=Recording Industry Association of America.}}</ref> * BPI: Gold<ref name=BPI/> * MC: Platinum<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gold/Platinum – DMX|url=https://musiccanada.com/gold-platinum/?_gp_search=dmx&_gp_certification=platinum-albums&_gp_date=2004-01-08%2C|website=[[Music Canada]]}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Year of the Dog... Again]]'' | * Imetolewa: August&nbsp;1,&nbsp;2006 <span style="font-size:85%;">(US)</span><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/year-of-the-dogagain-mw0000571659 |title=Year of the Dog...Again – DMX |last=Kellman |first=Andy |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 12, 2017}}</ref> * Lebo: Ruff Ryders, [[Sony Urban Music]], [[Columbia Records|Columbia]] * Muundo CD, LP, digital download | 2 || 1 || 70 || 4 || 7 || 15 || 70 || 37 || 7 || 22 | * US: 346,000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hitsdailydouble.com/sales/sales_ur.cgi?112210|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120906154007/http://www.hitsdailydouble.com/sales/sales_ur.cgi?112210|url-status=dead|archive-date=2012-09-06|title=Upcoming Releases 2013|publisher=Hits Daily Double|date=September 6, 2012|access-date=October 14, 2020}}</ref> | |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Undisputed (DMX album)|Undisputed]]'' | * Imetolewa: September&nbsp;11,&nbsp;2012 <span style="font-size:85%;">(US)</span><ref name="Jeffries">{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/undisputed-mw0002409482 |title=Undisputed – DMX |last=Jeffries |first=David |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 12, 2017}}</ref> * Lebo: [[Seven Arts Pictures|Seven Arts]], [[Fontana Distribution|Fontana]] * Muundo CD, digital download | 19 || 2 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Exodus (DMX album)|Exodus]]'' | * Imetolewa: May 28, 2021<ref>{{cite tweet|number=1391791995107037194|title=5/28 The Legacy Continues.. #EXODUSALBUM|user=DMX|date=May 10, 2021|access-date=May 10, 2021}}</ref> * Lebo: Ruff Ryders, [[Bloodline Records|Bloodline]], Def Jam * Muundo CD, digital download, [[Streaming media|streaming]] | 8 || 4 || — || 26 || — || — || — || — || 36 || — | | |- | colspan="14" style="font-size:90%"| "—" inaashiria ya kwamba hiyo rekodi haijashika chati au haijatolewa katika ukanda huo |} ===Albamu za kompilesheni=== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" border="1" |+ Orodha ya kompilesheni albamu na nafasi za chati ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:14em;"| Jina ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:22em;"| Maelezo ya Albamu ! scope="col" colspan="5"| Nafasi za Chati ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:10em;"| [[List of music recording certifications|Vyeti]] |- ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[Billboard 200|US]]<br /><ref name="US-200"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums|US<br />R&B/<br />HH]]<br /><ref name="US-R&B-Al"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[Top Rap Albums|US<br />Rap]]<br /><ref name="US-Rap-Al">{{cite magazine | url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=dmx|chart=Rap Albums}} | title=DMX – Chart History: Rap Albums | magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | access-date=August 12, 2017}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[Canadian Albums Chart|CAN]]<br /><ref name="CAN-Al"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.8em;font-size:90%;"| [[UK Albums Chart|UK]]<br /><ref name="UK-Al"/> |- ! scope="row"| ''[[The Definition of X: The Pick of the Litter]]'' | * Imetolewa: June&nbsp;12,&nbsp;2007 <span style="font-size:85%;">(US)</span><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/the-definition-of-x-the-pick-of-the-litter-mw0000577644 |title=The Definition of X: The Pick of the Litter – DMX |last=Kellman |first=Andy |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 12, 2017}}</ref> * Lebo: Ruff Ryders, Def Jam * Muundo CD, LP, digital download | 26 || 7 || 3 || — || 174 | * BPI: Silver<ref name=BPI/> |- ! scope="row"| ''Playlist Your Way'' | * Imetolewa: February&nbsp;24,&nbsp;2009 <span style="font-size:85%;">(US)</span><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.amazon.com/Playlist-Your-Way-DMX/dp/B001PPLISM |title=DMX – Playlist Your Way |website=Amazon |access-date=August 12, 2017}}</ref> * Lebo: Ruff Ryders, Def Jam * Muundo CD, LP, digital download | — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''[[The Best of DMX]]'' | * Imetolewa: January&nbsp;26,&nbsp;2010 <span style="font-size:85%;">(US)</span><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/the-best-of-dmx-mw0001957241 |title=The Best of DMX – DMX |last=Jeffries |first=David |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 12, 2017}}</ref> * Label: Ruff Ryders, Def Jam * Muundo CD, LP, digital download | 2 || 1 || 1 || 3 || 12 | * BPI: Gold<ref name=BPI/> |- ! scope="row"| ''Greatest Hits with a Twist'' | * Imetolewa: March&nbsp;22,&nbsp;2011 <span style="font-size:85%;">(US)</span><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/greatest-hits-with-a-twist-mw0002113452 |title=Greatest Hits with a Twist – DMX |last=Kellman |first=Andy |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 12, 2017}}</ref> * Lebo: [[X-Ray Records|X-Ray]] * Muundo CD, LP, digital download | — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''Icon'' | * Imetolewa: May&nbsp;1,&nbsp;2012 <span style="font-size:85%;">(US)</span><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/icon-mw0002332669 |title=Icon – DMX |last=Jeffries |first=David |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 12, 2017}}</ref> * Label: Def Jam * Muundo CD, digital download | — || 28 || 13 || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Redemption of the Beast]]'' | * Imetolewa: January&nbsp;13,&nbsp;2015 <span style="font-size:85%;">(US)</span><ref name="Jeffries"/> * Lebo: Seven Arts, Fontana * Muundo CD, digital download | — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| ''DMX: The Ruff Ryder''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/dmx-the-ruff-ryder/1562030576|title=DMX: The Ruff Ryder by DMX on Apple Music|via=[[Apple Music]]|access-date=April 15, 2021|archive-date=April 15, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415215850/https://music.apple.com/us/album/dmx-the-ruff-ryder/1562030576|url-status=dead}}</ref> | * Imetolewa: April 9, 2021 * Label: Def Jam * Format: Digital download, streaming | — || — || — || — || — | |} ==Kandamseto== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" border="1" |+ Orodha ya kandamseto na nafasi za chati ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:14em;"| Jina ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:22em;"| Maelezo ya Albamu ! scope="col" colspan="3"| Nasi za chati |- ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[Independent Albums|US<br />Ind.]]<br /><ref name="US-Ind.">{{cite magazine | url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=dmx|chart=Independent Albums}} | title=DMX – Chart History: Independent Albums | magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | access-date=August 12, 2017}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums|US<br />R&B/<br />HH]]<br /><ref name="US-R&B-Al"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[Top Rap Albums|US<br />Rap]]<br /><ref name="US-Rap-Al"/> |- ! scope="row"| ''Here We Go Again The Mixtape''<ref>{{Discogs release|16753812|DMX & The Kennel Family – Here We Go Again The Mixtape|type=album}}</ref> | * Imetolewa: 2005 <span style="font-size:85%;">(US)</span> * Label: Bloodline * Format: Digital download | — || — || — |- ! scope="row"| ''Mixtape'' | * Imetolewa: March&nbsp;23,&nbsp;2010 <span style="font-size:85%;">(US)</span><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/mixtape/id353408392 |title=Mixtape by DMX |publisher=[[Apple Inc.|Apple]] |work=[[iTunes Store]] |date=March 23, 2010 |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> * Label: Siccness * Muundo CD, digital download, streaming | 46 || 46 || 20 |- ! scope="row"| ''The Weigh In'' | * Imetolewa: May&nbsp;15,&nbsp;2012 <span style="font-size:85%;">(US)</span> * Label: Bloodline * Format: Digital download | — || — || — |} ==Extended plays== * ''A Dog's Prayers'' (2021)<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/a-dogs-prayers-ep/1562030687|title=A Dog's Prayers - EP by DMX on Apple Music|publisher=[[Apple Music]]|access-date=June 28, 2021}}</ref> ==Singo zake== ===Akiwa kama msanii kiongozi=== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+ Orodha ya singo zake na chati ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:23em;"| Jina ! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Mwaka ! scope="col" colspan="9"| Nafasi ya chati ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:13em;"| Vyeti ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:12em;"| Albamu |- ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[Billboard Hot 100|US]]<br /><ref name="US-100">{{cite magazine | url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/dmx/chart-history/hsi/ | title=DMX – Chart History: Hot 100 | magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | access-date=March 7, 2023}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|US<br />R&B/<br />HH]]<br /><ref name="US-R&B">{{cite magazine | url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/dmx/chart-history/bsi/ | title=DMX – Chart History: Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs | magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | access-date=March 7, 2023}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[Hot Rap Songs|US<br />Rap]]<br /><ref name="US-Rap">Peak chart positions for singles as a lead artist on the Hot Rap Singles and Hot Rap Songs charts: * All peak chart positions prior to June 8, 2002: {{cite web | url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/dmx-mn0000661795/awards | title=DMX – Awards | work=[[AllMusic]] | access-date=August 12, 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160529171533/http://www.allmusic.com/artist/dmx-mn0000661795/awards | archive-date=May 29, 2016 | url-status=dead }} * All peak chart positions after June 8, 2002: {{cite magazine | url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/dmx/chart-history/rap/ | title=DMX – Chart History: Hot Rap Songs | magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | access-date=March 7, 2023}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[ARIA Charts|AUS]]<br /><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.aria.com.au/Issue1356.pdf | archive-url=https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20160223130000/http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/23790/20160224-0000/Issue1356.pdf | url-status=dead | archive-date=2016-02-23 | title=The ARIA Report: Issue 1356 (Week Commencing 22 February 2016) | publisher=[[Australian Recording Industry Association]] | access-date=August 12, 2017 | page=4 }}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[Ö3 Austria Top 40|AUT]]<br /><ref name="AUT">{{cite web | url=http://austriancharts.at/showinterpret.asp?interpret=DMX | title=Discographie DMX | publisher=Hung Medien | work=austriancharts.at | access-date=August 12, 2017 | language=German}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[GfK Entertainment charts|GER]]<br /><ref name="GER-sin">Peak chart positions for singles in Germany: * "We Right Here" and "X Gon' Give It to Ya": {{cite web | url=http://musicline.de/de/chartverfolgung_summary/artist/DMX/5516/single | title=DMX – Single-Chartverfolgung | publisher=[[GfK Entertainment Charts]] | work=musicline.de | access-date=August 12, 2017 | language=German | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170812213802/http://musicline.de/de/chartverfolgung_summary/artist/DMX/5516/single | archive-date=August 12, 2017 | url-status=dead }} * "I Miss You" * "Where the Hood At?": {{cite web | url=https://www.offiziellecharts.de/titel-details-5813 | title=DMX – Where The Hood At? | publisher=[[GfK Entertainment Charts]] | work=offiziellecharts.de | access-date=August 12, 2017 | language=German }} * "Get It on the Floor": {{cite web | url=https://www.offiziellecharts.de/titel-details-5975 | title=DMX Feat. Swizz Beatz – Get It On The Floor | publisher=[[GfK Entertainment Charts]] | work=offiziellecharts.de | access-date=August 12, 2017 | language=German }} * "Lord Give Me a Sign": {{cite web | url=https://www.offiziellecharts.de/titel-details-216879 | title=DMX – Lord Give Me A Sign | publisher=[[GfK Entertainment Charts]] | work=offiziellecharts.de | access-date=August 12, 2017 | language=German }}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[Irish Singles Chart|IRL]]<br /><ref name="IRL"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[Swiss Hitparade|SWI]]<br /><ref name="SWI"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[UK Singles Chart|UK]]<br /><ref name="UK-sin">Peak chart positions for singles in the United Kingdom: * All except "Lord Give Me a Sign": {{cite web | url=http://www.officialcharts.com/artist/4579/dmx/ | title=DMX | publisher=[[Official Charts Company]] | access-date=August 12, 2017 |format=select "Singles" tab}} * "Lord Give Me a Sign": {{cite web | url=http://zobbel.de/cluk/CLUK_D.HTM | title=Chart Log UK: Asher D – Dyverse | last=Zywietz |first=Tobias | publisher=Tobiaz Zywietz | work=zobbel.de | access-date=August 12, 2017}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Get at Me Dog]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Sheek Louch]])</span> | rowspan="6"| 1998 | 39 || 19 || 6 || — || — || — || — || — || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA2">{{cite web|title=Gold & Platinum: DMX|url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=dmx&ti=GET+AT+ME+DOg&lab=&genre=&format=&date_option=release&from=&to=&award=&type=&category=&adv=SEARCH#search_section|website=Recording Industry Association of America.}}</ref> | rowspan="4"| ''[[It's Dark and Hell Is Hot]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Stop Being Greedy]]" | 79 || 45 || 8 || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "[[Ruff Ryders' Anthem]]" | 16 || 8 || 7 || — || — || — || — || — || — | * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gold & Platinum: DMX|url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=dmx&ti=RUFF+RYDERS+ANTHEM&lab=&genre=&format=&date_option=release&from=&to=&award=&type=&category=&adv=SEARCH#search_section|website=Recording Industry Association of America.}}</ref> * BPI: Silver<ref name=BPI/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[How's It Goin' Down]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Faith Evans]])</span> | 70 || 19 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gold & Platinum: DMX|url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=dmx&ti=HOW%27S+IT+GOIN%27+DOWn&lab=&genre=&format=&date_option=release&from=&to=&award=&type=&category=&adv=SEARCH#search_section|website=Recording Industry Association of America.}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Grand Finale (song)|Grand Finale]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Ja Rule]], [[Method Man]] and [[Nas]])</span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Grand Finale" did not enter the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]], but peaked at number 17 on the [[Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles]] chart.<ref name="US-BU-100">{{cite magazine | url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/dmx/chart-history/hbu/ | title=DMX Chart History: Bubbling Under Hot 100 | magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | access-date=June 8, 2021}}</ref>}} || 63 || 18 || — || — || — || — || — || — | | [[Belly (soundtrack)|''Belly'' soundtrack]] |- ! scope="row"| "[[Slippin']]" | — || 60 || — || — || — || — || — || — || 30 | * RIAA: Gold<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gold & Platinum: DMX|url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=DMX&ti=slippin&lab=&genre=&format=Single&date_option=release&from=&to=&award=&type=&category=&adv=SEARCH#search_section|website=Recording Industry Association of America.}}</ref> | rowspan="2"| ''[[Flesh of My Flesh, Blood of My Blood]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "No Love 4 Me"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Drag-On]] and [[Swizz Beatz]])</span> | rowspan="2" | 1999 | — || —{{efn-ua|"No Love 4 Me" did not enter the [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs]] chart, but peaked at number seven on the [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs#Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles|Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles]] chart.<ref name="US-BU-R&B">{{cite magazine | url=http://www.billboard.com/biz/search/charts?f[0]=ts_chart_artistname%3ADMX&f[1]=itm_field_chart_id%3A345&f[2]=ss_bb_type%3Achart_item&type=2&artist=DMX | title=Chart search – "DMX", Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop | magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | access-date=August 6, 2017}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>}} || — || — || — || — || — || — || — |- ! scope="row"| "[[What's My Name? (DMX song)|What's My Name?]]" | 67 || 23 || 11 || — || — || — || — || — || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gold & Platinum: DMX|url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=dmx&ti=WHAT%27S+MY+NAMe&lab=&genre=&format=&date_option=release&from=&to=&award=&type=&category=&adv=SEARCH#search_section|website=Recording Industry Association of America.}}</ref> | rowspan="4"| ''[[...And Then There Was X]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[What These Bitches Want]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Sisqó]])</span> | rowspan="3"| 2000 | 49 || 11 || 22 || — || — || — || — || — || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gold & Platinum: DMX|url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=dmx&ti=WHAT+THESE+BITCHES+WANT+%28FEAT.+SISQO%29&lab=&genre=&format=Single&date_option=release&from=&to=&award=&type=&category=&adv=SEARCH#search_section|website=Recording Industry Association of America.}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Party Up (Up in Here)]]" | 27 || 8 || 11 || — || — || — || — || — || — | * RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gold & Platinum: DMX|url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=dmx&ti=PARTY+UP&lab=&genre=&format=Single&date_option=release&from=&to=&award=&type=&category=&adv=SEARCH#search_section|website=Recording Industry Association of America.}}</ref> * BPI: Gold<ref name=BPI/> |- ! scope="row"| "Don't You Ever" | — || 57 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "[[No Sunshine (DMX song)|No Sunshine]]" | rowspan="3"| 2001 | — || 67 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | [[Exit Wounds (soundtrack)|''Exit Wounds'' soundtrack]] |- ! scope="row"| "[[We Right Here]]" | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"We Right Here" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 17 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart.<ref name="US-BU-100"/>}} || 43 || 8 || — || — || 62 || — || — || — | | rowspan="3"| ''[[The Great Depression (DMX album)|The Great Depression]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Who We Be]]" | 60 || 16 || 10 || — || — || — || 38 || — || 34 | |- ! scope="row"| "[[I Miss You (DMX song)|I Miss You]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring Faith Evans)</span> | 2002 | 86 || 37 || — || — || — || 87 || — || — || — |- ! scope="row"| "[[X Gon' Give It to Ya]]" | rowspan="3"| 2003 | 46 || 21 || 13 || 54 || 62 || 23 || 18 || 14 || 6 | * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gold & Platinum: DMX|url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=dmx&ti=X+GON%27+GIVE+IT+TO+YA&lab=&genre=&format=Single&date_option=release&from=&to=&award=&type=&category=&adv=SEARCH#search_section|website=Recording Industry Association of America.}}</ref> * BPI: Platinum<ref name=BPI/> | [[Cradle 2 the Grave (soundtrack)|''Cradle 2 the Grave'' soundtrack]] |- ! scope="row"| "[[Where the Hood At?]]" | 68 || 24 || 13 || — || — || 29 || 18 || 26 || 16 | * RIAA: Platinum<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gold & Platinum: DMX|url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=dmx&ti=WHERE+THE+HOOD+AT&lab=&genre=&format=Single&date_option=release&from=&to=&award=&type=&category=&adv=SEARCH#search_section|website=Recording Industry Association of America.}}</ref> * BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> | rowspan="2"| ''[[Grand Champ]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Get It on the Floor]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring Swizz Beatz)</span> | — || 57 || — || — || 54 || 43 || 39 || 26 || 34 | |- ! scope="row"| "Give 'Em What They Want" | 2005 | — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Give 'Em What They Want" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 25 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart.<ref name="US-BU-R&B"/>}} || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | rowspan="3" | ''[[Year of the Dog... Again]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[We in Here]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring Swizz Beatz)</span> | rowspan="2"| 2006 | — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"We in Here" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 25 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart.<ref name="US-BU-R&B"/>}} || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "[[Lord Give Me a Sign]]" | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Lord Give Me a Sign" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 22 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart.<ref name="US-BU-100"/>}} || 70 || — || — || — || 31 || — || 65 || 111 |- ! scope="row"| "The Boy Go Off"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/the-boy-go-off-single/id396623210 |title=The Boy Go Off – Single by Big Sha & DMX |date=October 5, 2010 |publisher=[[Apple Inc.|Apple]] |via=[[iTunes Store]] |access-date=August 16, 2017}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(with [[Big Sha]])</span> | 2010 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | {{N/A|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "I Don't Dance"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/i-dont-dance-feat.-machine/id548516214 |title=I Don't Dance (feat. Machine Gun Kelly) – Single by DMX |date=April 7, 2012 |publisher=[[Apple Inc.|Apple]] |via=[[iTunes Store]] |access-date=August 12, 2017}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Machine Gun Kelly (rapper)|Machine Gun Kelly]])</span> | rowspan="2"| 2012 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | rowspan="2"| ''[[Undisputed (DMX album)|Undisputed]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Head Up" | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Don't Call Me"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/dont-call-me-feat.-shontelle/id709428580 |title=Don't Call Me (feat. Shontelle) – Single by DMX & Rakim |publisher=[[Apple Inc.|Apple]] |work=[[iTunes Store]] |date=September 24, 2013 |access-date=August 12, 2017}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(with [[Rakim]], featuring [[Shontelle]] and Aleks D.)</span> | 2013 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | rowspan="6" {{N/A|Non-album singles}} |- ! scope="row"| "Still Scratching"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/still-scratching-feat-styles-p-single/id1129370907 |title=Still Scratching (feat. Styles P) – Single by DMX |publisher=[[Apple Inc.|Apple]] |via=[[iTunes Store]] |access-date=August 12, 2017 |archive-date=2018-10-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181024192225/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/still-scratching-feat-styles-p-single/id1129370907 |url-status=dead}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Styles P]])</span> | rowspan="3"| 2016 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Blood Red"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/blood-red-single/id1128405502 |title=Blood Red – Single by DMX |publisher=[[Apple Inc.|Apple]] |via=[[iTunes Store]] |access-date=August 12, 2017 |archive-date=2018-10-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181024195350/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/blood-red-single/id1128405502 |url-status=dead}}</ref> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Get It Get It"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/get-it-get-it-feat-snoop-dogg-single/id1124685688 |title=Get It Get It (feat. Snoop Dogg) – Single by Savant & DMX |date=July 2016 |publisher=[[Apple Inc.|Apple]] |via=[[iTunes Store]] |access-date=August 12, 2017}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(with [[Savant (musician)|Savant]], featuring [[Snoop Dogg]])</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Bane Iz Back"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring Swizz Beatz)</span> | 2017 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "X Moves"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Bootsy Collins]], [[Steve Howe]] and [[Ian Paice]])</span> | rowspan="2"| 2021 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Been to War"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/nz/album/been-to-war-feat-swizz-beatz-dmx-french-montana-single/1562475181|title=Been To War (feat. Swizz Beatz, DMX & French Montana) - Single by Godfather of Harlem on Apple Music|via=[[Apple Music]]|access-date=April 15, 2021}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(with [[Swizz Beatz]] and [[French Montana]])</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Godfather of Harlem]]'' |- | colspan="14" style="font-size:90%"| "—" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not Imetolewa in that territory. |} ===Alizoshirikishwa=== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+ Orodha ya singo alizoshirikishwa na nafasi ya chati ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:23em;"| Jina ! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Mwaka ! scope="col" colspan="9"| Nasi za chati ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:13em;"| Vyeti ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:12em;"| Albamu |- ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[Billboard Hot 100|US]]<br /><ref name="US-100-featured">Peak chart positions for singles as a featured artist in the United States: * "4, 3, 2, 1": {{cite magazine | url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=ll cool j|chart=Hot 100}} | title=LL Cool J – Chart History: The Hot 100 | magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | access-date=August 12, 2017}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * "Money, Power & Respect": {{cite magazine | url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=the lox|chart=Hot 100}} | title=The LOX – Chart History: The Hot 100 | magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | access-date=August 12, 2017}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * "Do You": {{cite magazine | url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=funkmaster flex|chart=Hot 100}} | title=Funkmaster Flex – Chart History: The Hot 100 | magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | access-date=August 12, 2017}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * "Tear It Up": {{cite magazine | url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=yung wun|chart=Hot 100}} | title=Yung Wun – Chart History: The Hot 100 | magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | access-date=August 12, 2017}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|US<br />R&B/<br />HH]]<br /><ref name="US-R&B-featured">Peak chart positions for singles as a featured artist on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart: * "4, 3, 2, 1": {{cite magazine | url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=ll cool j|chart=R&B/Hip-Hop Songs}} | title=LL Cool J – Chart History: Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs | magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | access-date=August 12, 2017}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * "Money, Power & Respect": {{cite magazine | url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=the lox|chart=R&B/Hip-Hop Songs}} | title=The LOX – Chart History: Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs | magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | access-date=August 12, 2017}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * "Shut 'em Down": {{cite magazine | url=http://www.billboard.com/biz/search/charts?f%5b0%5d=ts_chart_artistname%3Aonyx&f%5b1%5d=itm_field_chart_id%3A367&f%5b2%5d=ss_bb_type%3Achart_item&type=2&artist=onyx | title=Chart search – "Onyx", Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs | magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | access-date=August 20, 2017}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * "Money, Cash, Hoes": {{cite magazine | url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=jay-z|chart=R&B/Hip-Hop Songs}} | title=Jay-Z – Chart History: Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs | magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | access-date=August 12, 2017}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * "It's On" and "Ruff Ryders' Anthem" (Remix): {{cite magazine | url=http://www.billboard.com/biz/search/charts?f%5b0%5d=ts_chart_artistname%3Adj+clue?&f%5b1%5d=itm_field_chart_id%3A367&f%5b2%5d=ss_bb_type%3Achart_item&type=2&artist=dj+clue? | title=Chart search – "DJ Clue?", Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs | magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | access-date=August 12, 2017}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * "Come Back in One Piece": {{cite magazine | url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=aaliyah|chart=R&B/Hip-Hop Songs}} | title=Aaliyah – Chart History: Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs | magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | access-date=August 12, 2017}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * "Do You": {{cite magazine | url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=funkmaster flex|chart=R&B/Hip-Hop Songs}} | title=Funkmaster Flex – Chart History: Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs | magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | access-date=August 12, 2017}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * "Put Your Drinks Down": {{cite magazine | url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=drag-on|chart=R&B/Hip-Hop Songs}} | title=Drag-On – Chart History: Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs | magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | access-date=August 12, 2017}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * "Tear It Up": {{cite magazine | url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=yung wun|chart=R&B/Hip-Hop Songs}} | title=Yung Wun – Chart History: Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs | magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | access-date=August 12, 2017}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * "A Song for You": {{cite magazine | url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=bizzy bone|chart=R&B/Hip-Hop Songs}} | title=Bizzy Bone – Chart History: Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs | magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | access-date=August 12, 2017}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[Hot Rap Songs|US<br />Rap]]<br /><ref name="US-Rap-featured">Peak chart positions for singles as a featured artist on the Hot Rap Singles and Hot Rap Songs charts: * "4, 3, 2, 1": {{cite web | url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/ll-cool-j-mn0000094752/awards | title=LL Cool J – Awards | publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] | work=[[AllMusic]] | access-date=August 12, 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305222309/http://www.allmusic.com/artist/ll-cool-j-mn0000094752/awards | archive-date=March 5, 2016 | url-status=dead }} * "Money, Power & Respect": {{cite web | url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/the-lox-mn0000045629/awards | title=The LOX – Awards | publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] | work=[[AllMusic]] | access-date=August 12, 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160320054654/http://www.allmusic.com/artist/the-lox-mn0000045629/awards | archive-date=March 20, 2016 | url-status=dead }} * "Shut 'em Down": {{cite magazine |title=Hot Rap Singles |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |date=February 7, 1998 |volume=110 |issue=6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fQ0EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA25 |access-date=August 20, 2017 |page=25 |publisher=[[Nielsen Holdings|Nielsen Business Media]] |issn=0006-2510 }} * "Money, Cash, Hoes": {{cite web | url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/jay-z-mn0000224257/awards | title=Jay-Z – Awards | publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] | work=[[AllMusic]] | access-date=August 12, 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160218182806/http://www.allmusic.com/artist/jay-z-mn0000224257/awards | archive-date=February 18, 2016 | url-status=dead }} * "Do You": {{cite magazine |title=Hot Rap Singles |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |date=December 9, 2000 |volume=112 |issue=50 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rRAEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA44 |access-date=August 12, 2017 |page=44 |publisher=[[Nielsen Holdings|Nielsen Business Media]] |issn=0006-2510 }} * "Tear It Up": {{cite magazine | url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=yung wun|chart=Rap Songs}} | title=Yung Wun – Chart History: Hot Rap Songs | magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | access-date=August 12, 2017}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[Rhythmic (chart)|US<br />Rhyth.]]<br /><ref name="US-Rhyth.">{{cite magazine | url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=DMX|chart=TFC}} | title=DMX – Chart History: Rhythmic Airplay | magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | access-date=June 2, 2022}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> !scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"|[[Mainstream Rock (chart)|US<br />Main.]] ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[Single Top 100|NLD]]<br /><ref name="NLD"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[Official New Zealand Music Chart|NZ]]<br /><ref>{{cite web | url=https://charts.nz/showinterpret.asp?interpret=The+Lox | title=Discography The Lox | publisher=Hung Medien | work=charts.nz | access-date=August 12, 2017}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[UK Singles Chart|UK]]<br /><ref name="UK-sin"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[UK R&B Singles and Albums Charts|UK<br />R&B]]<br /><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.officialcharts.com/charts/r-and-b-singles-chart/20060416/114/ | title=Official R&B Singles Chart Top 40 – 16 April 2006 – 22 April 2006 | publisher=[[Official Charts Company]] | access-date=August 12, 2017}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "[[4, 3, 2, 1 (LL Cool J song)|4, 3, 2, 1]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[LL Cool J]] featuring [[Canibus]], DMX, [[Master P]], [[Method Man]] and [[Redman (rapper)|Redman]])</span> | 1997 | 75 || 24 || 10 || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Phenomenon (LL Cool J album)|Phenomenon]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Money, Power & Respect (song)|Money, Power & Respect]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[The Lox]] featuring DMX and [[Lil' Kim]])</span> | rowspan="3"| 1998 | 17 || 8 || 1 || 36 || — || — || 45 || — || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref>{{cite web|title=Gold & Platinum: The Lox|url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=The+Lox&ti=MONEY&lab=&genre=&format=Single&date_option=release&from=&to=&award=&type=&category=&adv=SEARCH#search_section|publisher=[[Recording Industry Association of America]]|access-date=August 12, 2017}}</ref> | ''[[Money, Power & Respect]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Shut 'em Down (Onyx song)|Shut 'em Down]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Onyx (group)|Onyx]] featuring DMX)</span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Shut 'em Down" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number seven on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart.<ref name="US-BU-100"/>}} || 61 || 43 || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Shut 'Em Down (album)|Shut 'Em Down]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "It's On"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[DJ Clue?]] featuring DMX)</span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"It's On" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 11 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart.<ref name="US-BU-100"/>}} || 39 || — || 38 || — || — || — || — || — | | rowspan="2"| ''[[The Professional (album)|The Professional]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Ruff Ryders' Anthem#DJ Clue Remix|Ruff Ryders' Anthem]]" (Remix)<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(DJ Clue? featuring DMX, [[Jadakiss]], [[Styles P]], [[Drag-On]] and [[Eve (rapper)|Eve]])</span> | rowspan="2"| 1999 | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Ruff Ryders' Anthem" (Remix) did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 24 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart.<ref name="US-BU-100"/>}} || 47 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "[[Money, Cash, Hoes]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Jay-Z]] featuring DMX)</span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Money, Cash, Hoes" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 16 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart.<ref name="US-BU-100"/>}} || 36 || 19 || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Vol. 2... Hard Knock Life]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Come Back in One Piece]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Aaliyah]] featuring DMX)</span> | rowspan="2"| 2000 | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Come Back in One Piece" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 17 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart.<ref name="US-BU-100"/>}} || 36 || — || 39 || — || 59 || — || — || — | | [[Romeo Must Die (soundtrack)|''Romeo Must Die'' soundtrack]] |- ! scope="row"| "Do You"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Funkmaster Flex]] featuring DMX)</span> | 91 || 34 || 21 || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[The Mix Tape, Vol. IV]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Put Your Drinks Down"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Drag-On featuring DMX, Eve, Jadakiss, [[Birdman (rapper)|Birdman]] and [[TQ (singer)|TQ]])</span> | 2003 | — || 80 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Hell and Back (album)|Hell and Back]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Tear It Up (Yung Wun song)|Tear It Up]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Yung Wun]] featuring DMX, [[Lil' Flip]] and [[David Banner]])</span> | 2004 | 76 || 39 || 21 || 26 || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[The Dirtiest Thirstiest]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Innocent Man"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Mark Morrison]] featuring DMX)</span> | 2006 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || 46 || 14 | | ''[[Innocent Man (Mark Morrison album)|Innocent Man]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "A Song for You"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Bizzy Bone]] featuring DMX and Chris Notez)</span> | 2008 | — || 61 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[A Song for You (Bizzy Bone album)|A Song for You]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Electrolytes"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/electrolytes-feat.-macy-gray/id465355351 |title=Electrolytes (feat. Macy Gray & DMX) – Single by N.O.R.E. |publisher=[[Apple Inc.|Apple]] |work=[[iTunes Store]] |access-date=August 13, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150727055922/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/electrolytes-feat.-macy-gray/id465355351 |archive-date=July 27, 2015}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[N.O.R.E.]] featuring [[Macy Gray]] and DMX)</span> | 2011 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''Scared Money'' |- ! scope="row"| "Tell Ya Friends"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(N.O.4 featuring DMX and [[Dani Stevenson]])</span> | 2012 | — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Tell Ya Friends" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 21 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart.<ref name="US-BU-R&B"/>}} || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''The Beginning'' |- ! scope="row"| "Faith"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/faith-feat.-dmx/id730396304 |title=Faith (feat. Dmx) – Single by Omar Wilson |publisher=[[Apple Inc.|Apple]] |work=[[iTunes Store]] |access-date=August 12, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150223111116/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/faith-feat.-dmx/id730396304 |archive-date=February 23, 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Omar Wilson]] featuring DMX)</span> | 2013 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | rowspan="2" {{N/A|Non-album singles}} |- ! scope="row"| "Meltdown"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/meltdown-feat-dmx-priyanka-chopra-single/id1043760087 |title=Meltdown (feat. DMX & Priyanka Chopra) – Single by N.A.S.A. |publisher=[[Apple Inc.|Apple]] |work=[[iTunes Store]] |date=October 2, 2015 |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[N.A.S.A. (musical group)|N.A.S.A.]] featuring DMX and [[Priyanka Chopra]])</span> | 2015 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "[[Kant Nobody]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Lil Wayne]] featuring DMX)</span> | 2023 | 66 || 23 || 11 || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[I Am Music (Lil Wayne album)|I Am Music]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "This Is the Way"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Five Finger Death Punch]] featuring DMX)</span> | 2024 | — || — || — || — || 5 || — || — || — || — | | ''AfterLife (Deluxe Edition)'' |- | colspan="14" style="font-size:90%"| "—" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not Imetolewa in that territory. |} ==Chati zingine na nyimbo zilizotunukiwa== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+ Orodha ya nyimbo, tunukio na chati ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:23em;"| Jina ! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Mwaka ! scope="col" colspan="4"| Nafasi iliyoshika ! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Vyeti ! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Albamu |- ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[Bubbling Under Hot 100|US<br />Bub.]]<br /><ref name="US-BU-100"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|US<br />R&B/<br />HH]]<br /><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/mary-j-blige-mn0000376204/awards | title=Mary J. Blige – Awards | work=[[AllMusic]] | access-date=August 12, 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150821124538/http://www.allmusic.com/artist/mary-j-blige-mn0000376204/awards | archive-date=August 21, 2015}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[Rhythmic (chart)|US<br />Rhyth.]]<br /><ref name="US-Rhyth."/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.9em;font-size:90%;"| [[Official New Zealand Music Chart|NZ<br />Hot]]<br /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5076|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=June 6, 2021|access-date=June 5, 2021|archive-date=2021-06-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210605220542/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5076|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "Ryde or Die"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(with [[The Lox]], [[Drag-On]] and [[Eve (rapper)|Eve]])</span> | rowspan="2"| 1999 | — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Ryde or Die" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 15 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart.<ref name="US-BU-R&B"/>}} || — || — | | ''[[Ryde or Die Vol. 1]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Sincerity"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Mary J. Blige]] featuring [[Nas]] and DMX)</span> | — || 72 || — || — | | ''[[Mary (Mary J. Blige album)|Mary]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Rollin' (Limp Bizkit song)|Rollin' (Urban Assault Vehicle)]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Limp Bizkit]] featuring DMX, [[Redman (rapper)|Redman]] and [[Method Man]])</span> | 2000 | — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Rollin' (Urban Assault Vehicle)" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 19 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart.<ref name="US-BU-R&B"/>}} || 38 || — | | ''[[Chocolate Starfish and the Hot Dog Flavored Water]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Go To Sleep"<br />{{small|([[Eminem]] featuring [[Obie Trice]] and DMX)}} | 2002 | — || — || — || — | * [[Australian Recording Industry Association|ARIA]]: Gold<ref>{{cite certification|region=Australia|certyear=2024|type=single|access-date=28 June 2024}}</ref> | ''[[Cradle 2 the Grave (soundtrack)|Cradle 2 the Grave]]'' |- ! scope="row" | "King Thing" | 2004 | — || 86 || — || — | | ''[[Never Die Alone]]'' |- ! scope="row" | "Bath Salts"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Jay-Z]] and [[Nas]])</span> | 2021 | 11 || — || — || 38 | | ''Exodus'' |- | colspan="14" style="font-size:90%"| "—" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not Imetolewa in that territory. |} ==Kama mgeni== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+ Orodha ya nyimbo ambazo si zake lakini ameonekana ! scope="col" style="width:23em;"| Jina ! scope="col"| Mwaka ! scope="col"| Wasanii wengine ! scope="col"| Albamu |- ! scope="row"| "Inner City Blues" | rowspan="5"| 1995 | Pudgee Tha Phat Bastard | rowspan="2" {{N/A|Non-album songs}} |- ! scope="row"| "You Ain't Know" | Pudgee Tha Phat Bastard, Ran Reed |- ! scope="row"| "Time to Build"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/the-natural-mw0000124285 |title=The Natural – Mic Geronimo |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | [[Mic Geronimo]], [[Ja Rule]], [[Jay-Z]] | ''[[The Natural (Mic Geronimo album)|The Natural]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "If It's On, It's On" | Cash Money Click, Jay-Z, Black Child | {{N/A|Non-album song}} |- ! scope="row"| "Represent Nigga" | Cash Money Click, Black Child | {{N/A|Non-album song}} |- ! scope="row"| "Usual Suspects"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/def-jams-how-to-be-a-player-clean-mw0000026273 |title=Def Jam's How to Be a Player – Original Soundtrack |last=Stanley |first=Leo |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | rowspan="6"| 1997 | Mic Geronimo, [[Hussein Fatal]], Ja Rule, [[Cormega]] | [[How to Be a Player (soundtrack)|''How to Be a Player'' soundtrack]] and ''[[Vendetta (Mic Geronimo album)|Vendetta]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Enter The Darkness" | Dee Deo | {{N/A|Non-album song}} |- ! scope="row"| "The Heist" | Trigger Tha Gambler | {{N/A|Non-album song}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[Nothin' Move But the Money]]" (Remix) | Mic Geronimo, Black Rob | {{N/A|Non-album song}} |- ! scope="row"| "Take What's Yours"<ref name="mase-harlem">{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/harlem-world-mw0000596053 |title=Harlem World – Mase |last=Stanley |first=Leo |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | [[Mase]] | rowspan="2"| ''[[Harlem World]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[24 Hrs. to Live]]"<ref name="mase-harlem"/> | Mase, [[The Lox]], [[Black Rob]] |- ! scope="row"| "[[We Be Clubbin']]" (Clark World Remix)<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/the-players-club-mw0000034812 |title=The Players Club – Original Soundtrack |last=Erlewine |first=Stephen Thomas |author-link=Stephen Thomas Erlewine |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | rowspan="11"| 1998 | [[Ice Cube]] | [[The Players Club (soundtrack)|''The Players Club'' soundtrack]] |- ! scope="row"| "Pure Uncut" (Remix) | [[8Ball & MJG|8ball]], [[McGruff (rapper)|Herb McGruff]], [[Canibus]] | {{N/A|Non-album song}} |- ! scope="row"| "Murdergram"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/streets-is-watching-mw0000598375 |title=Streets Is Watching – Original Soundtrack |last=Erlewine |first=Stephen Thomas |author-link=Stephen Thomas Erlewine |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | Jay-Z, Ja Rule | [[Streets Is Watching (soundtrack)|''Streets Is Watching'' soundtrack]] |- ! scope="row"| "We Got This"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/poly-sci-mw0000597971 |title=Poly Sci – John Forté |last=Cummings-Yeates |first=Rosalind |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | [[John Forté]] | ''[[Poly Sci]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Get Your Shit Right"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/life-in-1472-mw0000040179 |title=Life in 1472 – Jermaine Dupri |last=Erlewine |first=Stephen Thomas |author-link=Stephen Thomas Erlewine |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | [[Jermaine Dupri]], The Madd Rapper | ''[[Life in 1472]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "It's On" | [[DJ Clue?]] | ''[[The Professional (album)|The Professional]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Freestyle Over [[Mobb Deep]]'s "[[Give Up the Goods (Just Step)]]""<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/the-mix-tape-vol-3-60-minutes-of-funk-the-final-chapter-mw0000600082 |title=The Mix Tape, Vol. 3: 60 Minutes of Funk, The Final Chapter – Funkmaster Flex |last=Gallucci |first=Michael |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | [[Funkmaster Flex]] | ''[[The Mix Tape, Vol. III]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Whatcha Gonna Do?"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/whatcha-gonna-do-mw0000042484 |title=Whatcha Gonna Do? – Jayo Felony |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | [[Jayo Felony]], [[Method Man]] | ''[[Whatcha Gonna Do? (Jayo Felony album)|Whatcha Gonna Do?]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Top Shotter"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/belly-mw0000042907 |title=Belly – Original Soundtrack |last=DiFella |first=M.F. |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | [[Sean Paul]], [[Mr. Vegas]] | [[Belly (soundtrack)|''Belly'' soundtrack]] |- ! scope="row"| "Nowhere to Run"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/chef-aid-the-south-park-album-mw0000601245 |title=Chef Aid: The South Park Album – South Park |last=Gallucci |first=Michael |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | [[Ozzy Osbourne]], [[Ol' Dirty Bastard]], [[The Crystal Method]], Fuzzbubble | ''[[Chef Aid: The South Park Album]]'' |- ! scope="row" | "Pull It" | [[Cam'Ron]] | {{N/A|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "Dog & a Fox"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/chyna-doll-mw0000600085 |title=Chyna Doll – Foxy Brown |last=Promis |first=Jose F. |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | rowspan="14"| 1999 | [[Foxy Brown (rapper)|Foxy Brown]] | ''[[Chyna Doll (album)|Chyna Doll]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Ryde or Die"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/turf-stories-mw0000235559 |title=Turf Stories – Original Soundtrack |last=Erlewine |first=Stephen Thomas |author-link=Stephen Thomas Erlewine |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | [[The Luniz]], [[Drag-On]] | ''Turf Stories'' soundtrack |- ! scope="row"| "Life Is What You Make It"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/i-am-the-autobiography-mw0000043107 |title=I Am... The Autobiography – Nas |last=DiFella |first=M.F. |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | [[Nas]] | ''[[I Am... (Nas album)|I Am...]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Everyday Shit (Ya Think Am Playin')" | [[GZA]] | ''New York Undercover'' |- ! scope="row"| "Ryde or Die"<ref name="ryders-ryde-die">{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/ryde-or-die-vol-1-mw0000666354 |title=Ryde or Die, Vol. 1 – Ruff Ryders |last=Bush |first=John |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | The Lox, Drag-On, [[Eve (rapper)|Eve]] | rowspan="3"| ''[[Ryde or Die Vol. 1]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Bug Out"<ref name="ryders-ryde-die"/> | rowspan="2" {{N/A|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "Some X Shit"<ref name="ryders-ryde-die"/> |- ! scope="row"| "It's Murda"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/venni-vetti-vecci-mw0000664050 |title=Venni Vetti Vecci – Ja Rule |last=Erlewine |first=Stephen Thomas |author-link=Stephen Thomas Erlewine |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | Ja Rule, Jay-Z | ''[[Venni Vetti Vecci]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "The Story"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/black-gangster-mw0000667712 |title=Black Gangster – Various Artists |last=Bush |first=John |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | rowspan="2" {{N/A|None}} | ''Black Gangster'' |- ! scope="row"| "I Can, I Can"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/the-wood-mw0000242102 |title=The Wood – Original Soundtrack |last=Phares |first=Heather |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | [[The Wood (soundtrack)|''The Wood'' soundtrack]] |- ! scope="row"| "Sincerity"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/mary-mw0000666864 |title=Mary – Mary J. Blige |last=Erlewine |first=Stephen Thomas |author-link=Stephen Thomas Erlewine |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | [[Mary J. Blige]], Nas | ''[[Mary (Mary J. Blige album)|Mary]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Scenario 2000"<ref name="eve-first">{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/let-there-be-everuff-ryders-first-lady-mw0000669145 |title=Let There Be Eve...Ruff Ryder's First Lady – Eve |last=LaVeck |first=Theresa E. |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | Eve, The Lox, Drag-On | rowspan="2"| ''[[Let There Be Eve...Ruff Ryders' First Lady]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Dog Match"<ref name="eve-first"/> | Eve |- ! scope="row"| "Catz Don't Know"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/light-it-up-mw0000256894 |title=Light It Up – Original Soundtrack |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | rowspan="2" {{N/A|None}} | [[Light It Up (soundtrack)|''Light It Up'' soundtrack]] |- ! scope="row"| "Tales from the Darkside"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/irv-gotti-presentsmurderers-mw0000604270 |title=Irv Gotti Presents...Murderers – The Murderers |last=Conaway |first=Matt |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | rowspan="9"| 2000 | ''[[Irv Gotti Presents: The Murderers]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Niggas Die 4 Me"<ref name="drag-on-h20">{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/opposite-of-h2o-mw0000053268 |title=Opposite of H2O – Drag-On |last=Conaway |first=Matt |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | rowspan="2"| Drag-On | rowspan="2"| ''[[Opposite of H2O]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Get It Right"<ref name="drag-on-h20"/> |- ! scope="row"| "Why We Die"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/anarchy-mw0000608340 |title=Anarchy – Busta Rhymes |last=Huey |first=Steve |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | [[Busta Rhymes]], Jay-Z | ''[[Anarchy (Busta Rhymes album)|Anarchy]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "I'm Gonna Crawl"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/nutty-professor-ii-the-klumps-mw0000069197 |title=Nutty Professor II: The Klumps – Original Soundtrack |last=Wilson |first=MacKenzie |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | Dyme | [[Nutty Professor II: The Klumps (soundtrack)|''Nutty Professor II: The Klumps'' soundtrack]] |- ! scope="row"| "The Great"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/ryde-or-die-vol-2-mw0000066910 |title=Ryde or Die, Vol. 2 – Ruff Ryders |last=Birchmeier |first=Jason |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | {{N/A|None}} | ''[[Ryde or Die Vol. 2]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Fuhgidabowdit"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/goat-the-greatest-of-all-time-mw0000247569 |title=G.O.A.T: The Greatest of All Time – LL Cool J |last=Potts |first=Diana |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | [[LL Cool J]], Method Man, [[Redman (rapper)|Redman]] | ''[[G.O.A.T. (LL Cool J album)|G.O.A.T.]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "The Future"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/live-on-lenox-ave-mw0000050163 |title=Live on Lenox Ave. – Dame Grease |last=Conaway |first=Matt |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | [[Dame Grease]], Big Stan, Meeno | ''Live on Lenox Ave.'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Rollin' (Limp Bizkit song)|Rollin' (Urban Assault Vehicle)]]"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/chocolate-starfish-and-the-hot-dog-flavored-water-mw0000544330 |title=Chocolate Starfish and the Hot Dog Flavoured Water – Limp Bizkit |last=Erlewine |first=Stephen Thomas |author-link=Stephen Thomas Erlewine |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | [[Limp Bizkit]], Method Man, Redman | ''[[Chocolate Starfish and the Hot Dog Flavored Water]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Who's Next (X-Clue-Sive)"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/the-professional-pt-2-mw0000119663 |title=The Professional, Pt. 2 – DJ Clue? |last=Azpiri |first=Jon |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | rowspan="6"| 2001 | [[DJ Clue?]] | ''[[The Professional 2]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Scream Double R"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/scorpion-mw0000101819 |title=Scorpion – Eve |last=Birchmeier |first=Jason |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | Eve | ''[[Scorpion (Eve album)|Scorpion]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Doggz II"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/malpractice-mw0000003181 |title=Malpractice – Redman |last=Birchmeier |first=Jason |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | Redman | ''[[Malpractice (Redman album)|Malpractice]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Uh-Hunh!"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/kiss-tha-game-goodbye-mw0000011558 |title=Kiss tha Game Goodbye – Jadakiss |last=Conaway |first=Matt |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | [[Jadakiss]] | ''[[Kiss tha Game Goodbye]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Walk with Me"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/exit-wounds-mw0000001762 |title=Exit Wounds – Original Soundtrack |last=Birchmeier |first=Jason |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | Big Stan | [[Exit Wounds (soundtrack)|''Exit Wounds'' soundtrack]] |- ! scope="row"| "Friend of Mine"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/ryde-or-die-vol-3-in-the-r-we-trust-mw0000016677 |title=Ryde or Die, Vol. 3: In the "R" We Trust – Ruff Ryders |last=Birchmeier |first=Jason |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | {{N/A|None}} | ''[[Ryde or Die Vol. 3: In the "R" We Trust]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Most High" (Remix)<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/love-war-mw0000223999 |title=Love & War – Jerzee Monet |last=Bush |first=John |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | rowspan="2" | 2002 | Jerzee Monet | ''Love & War'' |- ! scope="row" | "Fame" | {{N/A|None}} | ''[[...And Then There Was X]]''/''[[Empire (2002 film)|Empire]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Deeper"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/the-desert-storm-mixtape-dj-envy-blok-party-vol-1-mw0000019770 |title=The Desert Storm Mixtape: DJ Envy – Blok Party, Vol. 1 – DJ Envy |last=Theakston |first=Rob |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | rowspan="7"| 2003 | [[DJ Envy]] | ''[[The Desert Storm Mixtape: Blok Party, Vol. 1]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Go to Sleep"<ref name="cradle-2-grave">{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/cradle-2-the-grave-mw0000019663 |title=Cradle 2 the Grave – Various Artists |last=Bush |first=John |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | [[Eminem]], [[Obie Trice]] | rowspan="3"| [[Cradle 2 the Grave (soundtrack)|''Cradle 2 the Grave'' soundtrack]] |- ! scope="row"| "Right/Wrong"<ref name="cradle-2-grave"/> | {{N/A|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "Getting Down"<ref name="cradle-2-grave"/> | Big Stan, Kashmir, Bazaar Royale |- ! scope="row"| "Homeboyz" (Remix)<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/2pac-rap-phenomenon-vol-2-mw0001307487 |title=2PAC: Rap Phenomenon, Vol. 2 – Various Artists |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | [[Tupac Shakur|2Pac]], Jadakiss, [[Butch Cassidy (singer)|Butch Cassidy]] | ''Rap Phenomenon II'' |- ! scope="row"| "What's Really Good"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/diplomatic-immunity-mw0000229600 |title=Diplomatic Immunity – Cam'ron, The Diplomats |last=Bush |first=John |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | [[The Diplomats]] | ''[[Diplomatic Immunity (The Diplomats album)|Diplomatic Immunity]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Don't Gotta Go Home"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/after-the-storm-mw0000223299 |title=After the Storm – Monica |last=Kellman |first=Andy |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | [[Monica (singer)|Monica]] | ''[[After the Storm (Monica album)|After the Storm]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Let's Get Crazy"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/hell-and-back-mw0000321310 |title=Hell and Back – Drag-On |last=Kellman |first=Andy |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | rowspan="5"| 2004 | Drag-On | ''[[Hell and Back (album)|Hell and Back]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "That's Who We Be"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/that-fire-mw0000143904 |title=That Fire – Bosko |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | Bosko, Drag-On, Phats Bossi | ''That Fire'' |- ! scope="row"| "Put Your Money"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/the-red-light-district-mw0000307128 |title=The Red Light District – Ludacris |last=Kellman |first=Andy |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | [[Ludacris]] | ''[[The Red Light District]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Streetlife" | Dean Dawson | ''Streetlife Report'' |- ! scope="row"| "Go for Dat" | [[Lil Scrappy]] | ''Never Die Alone'' soundtrack |- ! scope="row"| "Get Wild"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/the-redemption-vol-4-mw0000209113 |title=The Redemption, Vol. 4 – Ruff Ryders |last=Jeffries |first=David |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | 2005 | Jadakiss, Flashy, Kartoon | ''[[Vol. 4: The Redemption]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Poppin' My Collar]]" (Remix) | 2006 | [[Three 6 Mafia]], [[Project Pat]], [[Lil' Flip]] | {{N/A|Non-album song}} |- ! scope="row"| "Bad Boys" | rowspan="4"| 2008 | DJ GQ, [[Junior Reid]], Dawg E Slaughter | ''Let Em' Know'' |- ! scope="row"| "Intro"<ref name="game-lax">{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/lax-mw0000789281 |title=LAX – The Game |last=Jeffries |first=David |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | rowspan="2"| [[The Game (rapper)|The Game]] | rowspan="2"| ''[[LAX (album)|LAX]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Outro"<ref name="game-lax"/> |- ! scope="row"| "Uh Oh" | G.A.G.E | ''G.A.G.E'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Who's Real]]" (Remix) | rowspan="2"| 2009 | Jadakiss, [[Swizz Beatz]], Drag-On, Eve, [[Styles P]], [[Sheek Louch]] | rowspan="4" {{N/A|Non-album songs}} |- ! scope="row"| "Stay Flawless" | [[N.O.R.E.]], Ja Rule, [[Yummy Bingham]] |- ! scope="row"| "Stop the Party" (Remix)<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.rap-up.com/2010/07/07/new-music-busta-rhymes-f-various-artists-stop-the-party-remix/ |title=New Music: Busta Rhymes f/ Various Artists – 'Stop The Party (Remix)' |publisher=Devin Lazerine |work=[[Rap-Up]] |date=July 7, 2010 |access-date=August 13, 2017 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231110032640/https://www.rap-up.com/2010/07/07/new-music-busta-rhymes-f-various-artists-stop-the-party-remix/ |archivedate=2023-11-10 |url-status=dead}}</ref> | rowspan="2"| 2010 | Busta Rhymes, [[T.I.]], [[Cam'ron]], [[Ghostface Killah]] |- ! scope="row"| "Nutcracker" (Remix)<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://hiphopdx.com/singles/id.12294/title.n-o-r-e-f-imam-thug-red-cafe-bun-b-dmx-nutcracker-rmx |title=N.O.R.E. f. Imam Thug, Red Cafe, Bun B & DMX – Nutcracker Rmx |publisher=Cheri Media Group |work=[[HipHopDX]] |access-date=August 13, 2017 |date=October 7, 2010 |archive-date=2024-10-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241008150443/https://hiphopdx.com/singles/id.12294/title.n-o-r-e-f-imam-thug-red-cafe-bun-b-dmx-nutcracker-rmx |url-status=dead }}</ref> | N.O.R.E, [[Bun B]], Imam Thug, [[Red Cafe]] |- ! scope="row"| "Make You Proud" | rowspan="3"| 2011 | [[Los (rapper)|Los]], Sean Hayz | ''The Crown Ain't Safe'' |- ! scope="row"| "World's Greatest"<ref name="ryder-future">{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/ruff-ryders-past-present-future-mw0002228393 |title=Ruff Ryders: Past, Present, Future – Ruff Ryders |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | Mook, Drag-On, The Lox, Swizz Beatz | rowspan="2"| ''[[Ruff Ryders: Past, Present, Future]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Get Your Money Up"<ref name="ryder-future"/> | {{N/A|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "D3mons"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/lace-up-mw0002419661 |title=Lace Up – MGK |last=Thomas |first=Fred |publisher=[[TiVo Corporation]] |work=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> | rowspan="2"| 2012 | [[Machine Gun Kelly (rapper)|MGK]] | ''[[Lace Up]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Who's Touching You" | Tyrese |Invisible Bully : The Lost Tapes |- ! scope="row"| "I Don't Play Games" | 2013 | Pat Gallo | ''Fly Life Ep.1'' |- ! scope="row"| "Ride Till I Die" | 2015 | [[Kay One (rapper)|Kay One]], KNS Tha Engineer | ''Jung genug um darauf zu scheissen'' |- ! scope="row"| "#GFU" | 2016 | DJ Hidrro, [[Lil Jon]], Sue Cho | rowspan="1" {{N/A|Non-album songs}} |- ! scope="row"| "Bout Shit" | rowspan="2"| 2020 | [[The Lox]] | ''[[Living Off Xperience]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Foolish" | [[Berner (rapper)|Berner]] | ''Russ Bufalino: The Quiet Don'' |- ! scope="row"| "#GFUEntameta (Remix)" | rowspan="2"| 2021 | Canibus | Kaiju |- ! scope="row"| "We Up" | [[Chris Webby]] | ''Still Wednesday'' |- !scope="row"| "I Didn't Go" | 2024 | [[Joyner Lucas]], Symba | ''[[Not Now I'm Busy|Not Now, I'm Busy]]'' |} ==Video za muziki== ===Akiwa mwenyewe=== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+ Orodha ya nyimbo ! scope="col" style="width:23em;" | Jina ! scope="col" | Mwaka ! scope="col" | Mwongozaji |- ! scope="row" | "Up To No Good" | 1994 | N/A |- ! scope="row"| "Get At Me Dog"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Sheek Louch]])</span> | rowspan="5"| 1998 | [[Hype Williams (director)|Hype Williams]]<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Production Notes |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |date=March 28, 1998 |volume=110 | issue=13 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yQ4EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA65 |access-date=August 12, 2017 |page=65 |publisher=[[Nielsen Holdings|Nielsen Business Media]] |issn=0006-2510}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "Stop Being Greedy" | Nick Quested<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.vevo.com/watch/dmx/stop-being-greedy/USDJM0200032 |title=Stop Being Greedy (Official Video) – DMX |publisher=[[Vevo]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "Ruff Ryders' Anthem" | J. Jesses Smith<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.vevo.com/watch/dmx/ruff-ryders-anthem/USDJM0200033 |title=Ruff Ryders' Anthem (Official Video) – DMX |publisher=[[Vevo]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "How's It Goin' Down"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Faith Evans]])</span> | rowspan="2"| Hype Williams<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.vevo.com/watch/dmx/hows-it-goin-down/USDJM0200031 |title=How's It Goin' Down (Official Video) – DMX |publisher=[[Vevo]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref><ref name="dmx-mvdbase">{{MVDBase |space=person |id=A187 |title=DMX |access-date=August 31, 2017}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "Grand Finale"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(with [[Ja Rule]], [[Method Man]] and [[Nas]])</span> |- ! scope="row"| "Slippin'" | rowspan="3" | 1999 | Bishop, [[Rubin Whitmore II]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.vevo.com/watch/dmx/slippin/USDJM0200035 |title=Slippin' (Official Video) – DMX |publisher=[[Vevo]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "No Love 4 Me"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Drag-On]] and [[Swizz Beatz]])</span> | [[Chris Robinson (director)|Chris Robinson]], Bishop<ref name="dmx-mvdbase"/> |- ! scope="row"| "What's My Name?" | [[Director X|Little X]]<ref name="little-x">{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/820489/aaliyah-dmx-shoot-video-in-rappers-hometown/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150719095640/http://www.mtv.com/news/820489/aaliyah-dmx-shoot-video-in-rappers-hometown/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 19, 2015 |title=Aaliyah, DMX Shoot Video In Rapper's Hometown |last=Woodson |first=A.J. |publisher=[[Viacom Media Networks]] |work=[[MTV News]] |access-date=August 8, 2017 |date=April 3, 2000}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "What These Bitches Want"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Sisqó]])</span> | rowspan="2"| 2000 | Hype Williams |- ! scope="row"| "Party Up (Up in Here)" | [[Dave Meyers (director)|David Meyers]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.vevo.com/watch/dmx/party-up-(up-in-here)/USDJM0000340 |title=Party Up (Up in Here) (Official Video) – DMX |publisher=[[Vevo]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "No Sunshine" | rowspan="3"| 2001 | Hype Williams<ref name="dmx-mvdbase"/> |- ! scope="row"| "We Right Here" | J. Jesses Smith<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.vevo.com/watch/dmx/we-right-here/USDJM0110015 |title=We Right Here (Official Video) – DMX |publisher=[[Vevo]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "Who We Be" | [[Joseph Kahn (director)|Joseph Kahn]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/1449606/dmx-to-party-up-at-free-outdoor-shows/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170813182324/http://www.mtv.com/news/1449606/dmx-to-party-up-at-free-outdoor-shows/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=August 13, 2017 |title=DMX To Party Up At Free Outdoor Shows |last=Reid |first=Shaheem |publisher=[[Viacom Media Networks]] |work=[[MTV News]] |access-date=August 8, 2017 |date=October 4, 2001}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "I Miss You"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring Faith Evans)</span> | 2002 | Chris Robinson<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.vevo.com/watch/dmx/i-miss-you/USUV70500700 |title=I Miss You (Official Video) – DMX |publisher=[[Vevo]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "X Gon' Give It to Ya" | rowspan="3"| 2003 | Joseph Kahn<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/1459409/dmx-to-head-north-for-tour-after-shooting-new-flick/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170813181935/http://www.mtv.com/news/1459409/dmx-to-head-north-for-tour-after-shooting-new-flick/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=August 13, 2017 |title=DMX To Head North For Tour After Shooting New Flick |last=Reid |first=Shaheem |publisher=[[Viacom Media Networks]] |work=[[MTV News]] |access-date=August 8, 2017 |date=January 7, 2003}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "Where the Hood At?" | Vem & [[Tony Petrossian|Tony]]<ref name="dmx-mvdbase"/> |- ! scope="row"| "Get It on the Floor"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring Swizz Beatz)</span> | Phenomenon<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.vevo.com/watch/dmx/get-it-on-the-floor/USDJM0500035 |title=Get It On The Floor (Official Video) – DMX |publisher=[[Vevo]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "We in Here"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring Swizz Beatz)</span> | rowspan="2"| 2006 | [[Jonathan Mannion]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.vevo.com/watch/dmx/we-in-here-(dirty-version)/USSM20600159 |title=We In Here (Dirty Version) – DMX |publisher=[[Vevo]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "Lord Give Me a Sign" | [[Marc Klasfeld]]<ref name="dmx-mvdbase"/> |- ! scope="row" | "Last Hope" | 2011 | Carlos Berber<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://vimeo.com/28842653 |title=DMX – Last Hope |last=Berber |first=Carlos |publisher=[[Vimeo]] |time=0:12 | date=September 9, 2011| access-date=December 22, 2017}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "I Don't Dance"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Machine Gun Kelly (rapper)|Machine Gun Kelly]])</span> | 2012 | John Colombo<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.vevo.com/watch/dmx/i-dont-dance/USA2P1215801 |title=I Don't Dance (Official Video) – DMX |publisher=[[Vevo]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | "Hood Blues"<br/><small>(featuring [[Griselda]])</small> | 2021 | GoogleIsHuman |} ===Alizoshirikishwa=== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+ Orodha ya nyimbo ! scope="col" style="width:23em;" | Jina ! scope="col" | Mwaka ! scope="col" | Mwongozaji |- ! scope="row"| "4, 3, 2, 1"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[LL Cool J]] featuring [[Canibus]], DMX, [[Method Man]] and [[Redman (rapper)|Redman]])</span> | 1997 | [[Diane Martel]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.vevo.com/watch/ll-cool-j/4-3-2-1/USUV70703298 |title=4, 3, 2, 1 (Official Video) – LL Cool J |publisher=[[Vevo]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "Shut 'em Down"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Onyx (hip hop group)|Onyx]] featuring DMX)</span> | rowspan="4"| 1998 | [[Gregory Dark]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.vevo.com/watch/onyx/shut-em-down/USUV70500877 |title=Shut 'Em Down (Official Video) – Onyx |publisher=[[Vevo]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "Money, Power & Respect"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[The Lox]] featuring DMX)</span> | [[Diane Martel]] |- ! scope="row"| "Whatcha Gonna Do?"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Jayo Felony]] featuring DMX & Method Man)</span> | N/A |- ! scope="row"| "24 Hrs. to Live"<br/><small>([[Mase (rapper)|Mase]] featuring [[The Lox]], [[Black Rob]] and DMX)</small> | Nick Quested |- ! scope="row"| "Come Back in One Piece"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Aaliyah]] featuring DMX)</span> | rowspan="2"| 2000 | Little X<ref name="little-x"/> |- ! scope="row"| "Do You"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Funkmaster Flex]] featuring DMX)</span> | N/A |- ! scope="row"| "Tear It Up"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Yung Wun]] featuring DMX, [[David Banner]] & [[Lil' Flip]], )</span> |2004 |[[Gil Green (director)|Gil Green]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Yung Wun - Tear It Up (2004)|url=https://imvdb.com/video/yung-wun/tear-it-up|access-date=2021-04-30|website=IMVDb|language=en|archive-date=2021-04-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430214812/https://imvdb.com/video/yung-wun/tear-it-up|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "Touch It" (Remix)<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Busta Rhymes]] featuring [[Mary J. Blige]], [[Rah Digga]], [[Missy Elliott]], [[Lloyd Banks]], [[Papoose (rapper)|Papoose]] and DMX)</span> | rowspan="2"| 2006 | [[Benny Boom]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.vevo.com/watch/busta-rhymes/touch-it-(remix)/USUV70600309 |title=Touch It (Remix) – Busta Rhymes |publisher=[[Vevo]] |access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref> |- !scope="row"| "Innocent Man"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Mark Morrison]] featuring DMX )</span> |N/A |- ! scope="row" | "A Song For You"<br/><small>([[Bizzy Bone]] featuring DMX and Chris Notez)</small> | 2008 | Ethan Lader |- ! scope="row" | "Tell Ya Friendz"<br/><small>(NO.4 featuring DMX and [[Dani Stevenson]])</small> | 2011 | Francois Barthe and Jeff Adair |- ! scope="row"| "Just In Case"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Godfather of Harlem</span><ref>{{Citation|title=Godfather of Harlem (Original Score Soundtrack)|url=https://open.spotify.com/album/1GMq5hYmJMaQn8T8Td8SkX|language=en|access-date=2021-04-30}}</ref> <span style="font-size:85%;">featuring DMX, [[Rick Ross]] & [[Swizz Beatz]])</span> | 2019 |[[Daps (director)|Daps]] |- ! scope="row"| "Bout Shit"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(The Lox featuring DMX)</span> | 2020 |Rock Davis |- ! scope="row"| "This Is the Way"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Five Finger Death Punch featuring DMX)</span> | 2024 |N/A |- |} ==Tanbihi== {{marejeo}} ==Viungo vya nje== * {{Discogs artist | artist=DMX | name=DMX}} * {{MusicBrainz artist | id=d75d1f08-bbb8-4eae-9877-399ca9121197 | name=DMX}} {{DMX}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Dmx Discography}} [[Category:DMX|Disco]] fdc4xbh2a7flxawbfz8aorkh4ogx6f8 0 189996 1606615 1361738 2026-10-09T20:53:41Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606615 wikitext text/x-wiki [[picha:Daryl Strawberry (29297363126).jpg|thumb|Daryl Strawberry]] '''Darryl Eugene Strawberry''' (alizaliwa [[12 Machi]] [[1962]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[baseball]] kutoka [[Marekani]] ambaye alicheza kama ''right fielder'' kwa misimu 17 katika ''Major League Baseball'' (MLB). Katika kipindi chote cha keria yake, Strawberry alikuwa mmoja wa wapiga mipira hatari zaidi katika mchezo, akijulikana kwa mipira yake mikubwa ya nyumbani na uwepo wake wa kutisha kwenye batter's box akitumia umbo lake la urefu wa futi 6 na inchi 6 (1.98 m) na mtindo wake mrefu wa kupiga ambao ulileta kulinganishwa na '''Ted Williams'''. <ref name="SI-80">{{Cite web |url=https://vault.si.com/vault/1980/04/07/next-pick-strawberry |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123021201/https://vault.si.com/vault/1980/04/07/next-pick-strawberry |archivedate=2021-01-23 |accessdate=2024-11-07 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Fazzone|first1=Amanda|last2=Derfner|first2=Jeremy|last3=Gibby|first3=Siân|date=April 13, 2001|title=Hawk Me a China|url=http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/other_magazines/2001/04/hawk_me_a_china.html|journal=Slate}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist|2}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1962]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ha9ulexujozqhwqk2x3qfwzcx4lajoz 1606631 1606615 2026-10-09T22:35:37Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1606631 wikitext text/x-wiki [[picha:Daryl Strawberry (29297363126).jpg|thumb|Daryl Strawberry]] '''Darryl Eugene Strawberry''' (alizaliwa [[12 Machi]] [[1962]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[baseball]] kutoka [[Marekani]] ambaye alicheza kama ''right fielder'' kwa misimu 17 katika ''Major League Baseball'' (MLB). Katika kipindi chote cha keria yake, Strawberry alikuwa mmoja wa wapiga mipira hatari zaidi katika mchezo, akijulikana kwa mipira yake mikubwa ya nyumbani na uwepo wake wa kutisha kwenye batter's box akitumia umbo lake la urefu wa futi 6 na inchi 6 (1.98 m) na mtindo wake mrefu wa kupiga ambao ulileta kulinganishwa na '''Ted Williams'''. <ref name="SI-80">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://vault.si.com/vault/1980/04/07/next-pick-strawberry |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123021201/https://vault.si.com/vault/1980/04/07/next-pick-strawberry |archivedate=2021-01-23 |accessdate=2024-11-07 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Fazzone|first1=Amanda|last2=Derfner|first2=Jeremy|last3=Gibby|first3=Siân|date=April 13, 2001|title=Hawk Me a China|url=http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/other_magazines/2001/04/hawk_me_a_china.html|journal=Slate}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist|2}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1962]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] kmdn1znu8zqq3a7bs1t25va1tu3taoe 0 190625 1606626 1599278 2026-10-09T22:20:40Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 4 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606626 wikitext text/x-wiki Mwimbaji na mtunzi wa nyimbo wa R&B kutoka [[Marekani]] [[Chris Brown (mwimbaji)|Chris Brown]] ametoa albamu 11 za studio, albamu 1 ya ushirikiano, EP 1, kandamseto 9, singles 63 (ikiwa ni pamoja na 373 kama msanii aliyeangaziwa na maonyesho ya wageni) na singles za utangazaji 29. ==Albumu zake== ===Studio albumu=== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+ Orodha ya albamu, na baadhi ya nafasi za chati, mauzo na vyeti ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:10em;"| Jina ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:18em;"| Maelezo ya albamu ! scope="col" colspan="11"| Nafsi za chati iliyoshika ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:11em;"| Mauzo ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:15em;"| [[List of music recording certifications|Vyeti]] |- ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Billboard 200|US]]<br /><ref name="billboard200">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/chris-brown/chart-history/tlp/|title=Chris Brown Chart History: Billboard 200|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=November 21, 2023}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums|US R&B/HH]]<br /><ref name="r&balbums">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/chris-brown/chart-history/blp/|title=Chris Brown Chart History: R&B/Hip-Hop Albums|magazine=Billboard|access-date=November 21, 2023}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[ARIA Charts|AUS]]<br /><ref name="auschart">{{cite web |url=http://australian-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Chris+Brown |title=Discography Chris Brown |work=australian-charts.com |publisher=Hung Medien |access-date=April 12, 2009 }} * ''Chris Brown'': {{cite web|url=http://www.aria.com.au/issue833.pdf |archive-url=https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20060409140000/http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/23790/20060410-0000/issue833.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=April 9, 2006 |title=The ARIA Report – Issue #833 |publisher=[[Australian Recording Industry Association]] (ARIA). National Library of Archives Australia |page=6 |date=February 20, 2006 |access-date=January 16, 2011}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} * "What Them Girls Like": {{cite web|url=http://www.aria.com.au/issue988.pdf |archive-url=https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20090219130000/http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/23790/20090220-0000/issue988.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=February 19, 2009 |title=The ARIA Report – Issue #988 |publisher=Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA). National Library of Archives Australia |page=4 |date=February 2, 2009 |access-date=April 27, 2012 }}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} * "Crawl": {{cite web|url=http://www.aria.com.au/issue1043.pdf |archive-url=https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20100304130000/http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/23790/20100305-0000/issue1043.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=March 4, 2010 |title=The ARIA Report – Issue #1043 |publisher=Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA). National Library of Archives Australia |page=4 |date=February 22, 2010 |access-date=January 12, 2011}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} * "Get Back Up": {{cite web |url=http://www.ariacharts.com.au/pages/chartifacts.htm |title=Chartifacts – Week Commencing: 6th December 2010 |publisher=Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5v0YxAICO?url=http://www.ariacharts.com.au/pages/chartifacts.htm |archive-date=December 15, 2010 |url-status=dead }} * "Better with the Lights Off": * "Strip": * "New Flame" and "X": {{cite web|url=http://www.aria.com.au/ARIAIssue1279.pdf |archive-url=https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20140905010800/http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/23790/20140905-1108/ARIAIssue1279.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=September 5, 2014 |title=The ARIA Report: Week Commencing 1 September 2014 |date=September 5, 2014 |website=[[Australian Web Archive]] |issue=1279 |access-date=September 7, 2014}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} * "Only": {{cite web |url=http://www.noise11.com/news/ed-sheeran-spends-5th-week-on-top-of-aria-singles-20141115 |title=Ed Sheeran Spends 5th Week On Top Of ARIA Singles |first=Gavin |last=Ryan |work=Noise11 |publisher=Noise Network |date=November 15, 2014 |access-date=November 15, 2014 }} * "Hotel": {{cite web |url=http://www.noise11.com/news/aria-singles-omi-at-1-20-hottest-100-songs-in-top-100-20150131 |title=ARIA Singles: Omi At 1, 20 Hottest 100 Songs In Top 100 |publisher=Noise11 |last=Ryan |first=Gavin |date=January 31, 2015 |access-date=January 31, 2015 }} * "Post to Be": {{cite web |url=http://www.noise11.com/news/aria-singles-major-lazer-has-no-1-song-20150404 |title=ARIA Singles: Major Lazer Has No 1 Song |publisher=Noise11 |last=Ryan |first=Gavin |date=April 4, 2015 |access-date=April 4, 2015 }} * "All Eyes on You": {{cite web |url=http://www.noise11.com/news/aria-singles-meghan-trainor-and-john-legend-spend-3-weeks-at-no-1-20150711 |title=ARIA Singles: Meghan Trainor and John Legend Spend Three Weeks At No 1 |publisher=Noise11 |last=Ryan |first=Gavin |date=July 11, 2015 |access-date=July 11, 2015 }} * "Fun": {{cite web |url=http://www.noise11.com/news/aria-singles-meghan-trainor-and-john-legend-spend-4th-week-on-top-20150718 |title=ARIA Singles: Meghan Trainor and John Legend Spend 4th Week On Top |publisher=Noise11 |last=Ryan |first=Gavin |date=July 18, 2015 |access-date=July 18, 2015 }} * "Body on Me": {{cite web |url=http://www.noise11.com/news/aria-singles-calvin-harris-how-deep-is-your-love-is-no-1-20150829 |title=ARIA Singles: Calvin Harris 'How Deep Is Your Love' Is No 1 |publisher=Noise11 |last=Ryan |first=Gavin |date=August 29, 2015 |access-date=August 29, 2015 }} * "Back to Sleep": {{cite web |url=http://www.noise11.com/news/aria-singles-lukas-graham-is-no-1-for-third-week-20160305 |title=ARIA Singles: Lukas Graham Is No 1 for Third Week |publisher=Noise11 |last=Ryan |first=Gavin |date=March 5, 2016 |access-date=March 5, 2016 }} * "Grass Ain't Greener": {{cite web |url=http://www.noise11.com/news/aria-singles-drake-one-dance-still-no-1-20160514 |title=ARIA Singles: Drake 'One Dance' Still No 1 |publisher=Noise11 |last=Ryan |first=Gavin |date=May 14, 2016 |access-date=May 14, 2016 }} * "Do You Mind": {{cite web |url=https://www.auspop.com.au/2016/10/aria-chart-watch-390/ |title=ARIA Chart Watch #390 |publisher=auspOp |date=October 15, 2016 |access-date=October 15, 2016 |archive-date=October 18, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161018212938/https://www.auspop.com.au/2016/10/aria-chart-watch-390/ |url-status=dead }} * "Party": {{cite web |url=https://www.auspop.com.au/2016/12/aria-chart-watch-400/ |title=ARIA Chart Watch #400 |publisher=auspOp |date=December 24, 2016 |access-date=December 24, 2016 |archive-date=December 24, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161224160718/https://www.auspop.com.au/2016/12/aria-chart-watch-400/ |url-status=dead }} * "Privacy": {{cite web|url=https://www.auspop.com.au/2017/04/aria-chart-watch-414/|title=ARIA Chart Watch #414|publisher=auspOp|date=April 1, 2017|access-date=April 1, 2017|archive-date=April 1, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170401232601/https://www.auspop.com.au/2017/04/aria-chart-watch-414/|url-status=dead}} * "Questions": {{cite web|url=https://www.auspop.com.au/2017/08/aria-chart-watch-435/|title=ARIA Chart Watch #435|publisher=auspOp|date=August 26, 2017|access-date=August 26, 2017|archive-date=August 26, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170826113704/https://www.auspop.com.au/2017/08/aria-chart-watch-435/|url-status=dead}} * "Stranger Things": {{cite web|url=https://www.auspop.com.au/2018/3/aria-chart-watch-463/|title=ARIA Chart Watch #463|publisher=auspOp|date=March 10, 2018|access-date=March 10, 2018|archive-date=March 10, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180310135813/https://www.auspop.com.au/2018/3/aria-chart-watch-463/|url-status=dead}} * "Undecided": {{cite web|url=https://www.auspop.com.au/2019/1/aria-chart-watch-507/|title=ARIA Chart Watch #507|publisher=auspOp|date=January 12, 2019|access-date=January 12, 2019|archive-date=January 1, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210101123619/https://www.auspop.com.au/2019/1/aria-chart-watch-507/|url-status=dead}} * "The Take": {{cite magazine|title=The ARIA Report: Week Commencing 30 March 2020|magazine=The ARIA Report|publisher=[[Australian Recording Industry Association]]|issue=1569|date=March 30, 2020}} * "Come Through": {{cite magazine|title=The ARIA Report: Week Commencing 3 May 2021|magazine=The ARIA Report|publisher=Australian Recording Industry Association|issue=1626|page=4|date=May 3, 2021}} * "Psychic": {{cite magazine|title=The ARIA Report: Week Commencing 4 July 2022|magazine=The ARIA Report|publisher=Australian Recording Industry Association|issue=1687|page=4|date=July 4, 2022}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Canadian Albums Chart|CAN]]<br /><ref name="CAN-albums">Peak chart positions in Canada: *"Chris Brown": {{cite web|url=http://jam.canoe.ca/Music/Charts/ALBUMS.html|title=Albums : Top 100|website=[[Jam!]]|date=January 29, 2006|access-date=April 6, 2023 |url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://archive.today/20060208035447/http://jam.canoe.ca/Music/Charts/ALBUMS.html|archive-date=February 8, 2006}} *"''Graffiti'' ": {{cite web|url=http://jam.canoe.ca/Music/Charts/ALBUMS.html|title=Albums : Top 100|website=[[Jam!]]|date=December 11, 2009|access-date=April 11, 2023 |url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://archive.today/20091223125250/http://jam.canoe.ca/Music/Charts/ALBUMS.html|archive-date=December 23, 2009}} *All except for "Chris Brown" and "Graffiti": {{cite magazine |url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/chris-brown/chart-history/cna/|title=Chris Brown – Chart History: Canadian Albums |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |access-date=November 21, 2023}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| [[Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique|FRA]]<br /><ref name="frachart">{{cite web |url=http://lescharts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Chris+Brown |title=Discographie Chris Brown |work=Lescharts.com |language=fr |publisher=Hung Medien |access-date=April 12, 2009 }} * ''Heartbreak on a Full Moon'': {{cite web|url=http://www.snepmusique.com/tops-semaine/top-album-megafusion/?ye=2017&we=45|title=Le Top de la semaine : Top Albums – SNEP (Week 45, 2017)|publisher=[[Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique]]|language=fr|access-date=November 13, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113142937/http://www.snepmusique.com/tops-semaine/top-album-megafusion/?ye=2017&we=45|archive-date=November 13, 2017|url-status=dead}} * Other songs: {{cite web |url=http://lescharts.com/search.asp?search=Chris+Brown&cat=s |title=Chris Brown search |work=Lescharts.com |language=fr |publisher=Hung Medien |access-date=October 14, 2017 }}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[GfK Entertainment charts|GER]]<br /><ref name="gerchart">{{cite web|url=https://www.offiziellecharts.de/suche?artist_search=Chris+Brown&do_search=do|title=Discographie Chris Brown|publisher=GfK Entertainment|access-date=January 11, 2019}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Irish Albums Chart|IRE]]<br /><ref name="irechart">{{cite web |url=http://irish-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Chris%20Brown |title=Discography Chris Brown |work=Irishcharts.com |publisher=Hung Medien |access-date=April 12, 2009 |archive-date=2025-01-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250112065940/http://irish-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Chris%20Brown |url-status=dead }}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[MegaCharts|NLD]]<br /><ref name="nlchart">{{cite web |url=http://dutchcharts.nl/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Chris+Brown |title=Discografie Singles |language=nl |work=dutchcharts.nl |publisher=Hung Medien |access-date=April 12, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081206041149/http://dutchcharts.nl/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Chris+Brown |archive-date=December 6, 2008}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Official New Zealand Music Chart|NZ]]<br /><ref name="nzchart">{{cite web|url=http://charts.nz/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Chris+Brown|title=Discography Chris Brown|website=charts.nz|access-date=August 24, 2019|archive-date=2025-06-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250619160407/https://charts.nz/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Chris+Brown|url-status=dead}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Swiss Hitparade|SWI]]<br /><ref name="swichart">{{cite web|url=http://hitparade.ch/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Chris+Brown|title=Discographie Chris Brown|work=hitparade.ch|publisher=Hung Medien|language=de|access-date=April 12, 2009}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[UK Albums Chart|UK]]<br /><ref name="ukchart">{{cite web|url=https://www.officialcharts.com/artist/17746/chris-brown/|title=Artist Chart History > Chris Brown|publisher=[[Official Charts Company]]|access-date=July 6, 2019}} * "Fine by Me": {{cite web|url=http://www.zobbel.de/cluk/151114cluk.txt|title=Chart Log UK – New Entries Update: 14.11.2015 (wk46)|website=Zobbel.de|access-date=December 4, 2015}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Chris Brown (album)|Chris Brown]]'' | * Imetolewa: November&nbsp;29,&nbsp;2005 <span style="font-size:85%;">(US)</span><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/chris-brown-mw0000646188|title=Chris Brown (Album) – Chris Brown|publisher=[[Allmusic]]. [[Rovi Corporation]]|access-date=July 14, 2013}}</ref> * Lebo: CBE, [[Jive Records|Jive]] * Muundo: [[Compact disc|CD]], [[Compact Cassette|cassette]], [[Music download|digital download]], [[streaming]] | 2 || 1 || 57 || 39 || 51 || 31 || 71 || 47 || 8 || 18 || 29 | * US: 2,199,000{{efn|group=upper-alpha|Sales as of July 2012.|name=2012Sales}}<ref name="Album Sales">{{cite web|last=Grein|first=Paul|url=http://music.yahoo.com/blogs/chart-watch/week-ending-july-8-2012-albums-brown-2-145312854.html|title=Week Ending July 8, 2012. Albums: Chris Brown, 2; Rihanna, 0|publisher=[[Yahoo! Music]]. Yahoo! Inc|date=July 11, 2012|access-date=July 12, 2012}}</ref> | * [[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]]: 3× Platinum<ref name="RIAA">{{cite certification|region=United States|artist=Chris Brown|access-date=February 16, 2022}}</ref> * [[Australian Recording Industry Association|ARIA]]: Platinum<ref name=ARIA23a>{{cite certification|region=Australia|certyear=2023|type=album|access-date=March 9, 2024}}</ref> * [[British Phonographic Industry|BPI]]: Gold<ref name="BPI">{{cite certification|region=United Kingdom|access-date=July 13, 2024|artist=Chris Brown}}</ref> * [[Music Canada|MC]]: Gold<ref>{{cite certification|region=Canada|type=album|artist=Chris Brown|title=Chris Brown |access-date=June 13, 2020}}</ref> * [[Recorded Music NZ|RMNZ]]: Gold<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nztop40.co.nz/chart/albums?chart=1382.|title=NZ Top 40 Albums Chart The Official New Zealand Music Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]] (RMNZ)|access-date=June 12, 2006|archive-date=2021-07-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210718180720/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/albums?chart=1382.|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Exclusive (album)|Exclusive]]'' | * Imetolewa: November&nbsp;6,&nbsp;2007 <span style="font-size:85%;">(US)</span><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/exclusive-mw0000578152|title=Exclusive – Chris Brown|publisher=Allmusic. Rovi Corporation|access-date=July 14, 2013}}</ref> * Lebo: CBE, Jive * Muundo: CD, cassette, digital download, streaming | 4 || 2 || 5 || 16 || 53 || 91 || 2 || 68 || 3 || 28 || 3 | * US: 2,014,000{{efn|group=upper-alpha|Sales as of July 2012.|name=2012Sales}}<ref name="Album Sales"/> | * RIAA: 4× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * ARIA: 2× Platinum<ref name=ARIA2008>{{cite certification|region=Australia|certyear=2008|access-date=August 24, 2021}}</ref> * BPI: Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * [[Irish Recorded Music Association|IRMA]]: 2× Platinum<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.irishcharts.ie/awards/multi_platinum08.htm|title=2008 Certification Awards – Multi Platinum|publisher=[[Irish Recorded Music Association]] (IRMA)|access-date=August 23, 2018|archive-date=2024-11-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241126182922/http://www.irishcharts.ie/awards/multi_platinum08.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> * RMNZ: 2× Platinum<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.radioscope.net.nz/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=79&Itemid=62|title=Latest Gold / Platinum Albums|publisher=RadioScope New Zealand|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724195817/http://www.radioscope.net.nz/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=79&Itemid=62|archive-date=July 24, 2011 }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Graffiti (Chris Brown album)|Graffiti]]'' | * Imetolewa: December 8, 2009 <span style="font-size:85%;">(US)</span><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/graffiti-mw0001350412|title=Graffiti – Chris Brown|publisher=Allmusic. Rovi Corporation|access-date=October 16, 2018}}</ref> * Lebo: CBE, Jive * Muundo: CD, digital download, streaming | 7 || 1 || 40 || 84 || 134 || — || 47 || 83 || 40 || — || 55 | * US: 362,000{{efn|group=upper-alpha|Sales as of July 2012.|name=2012Sales}}<ref name="Album Sales"/> | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> * BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> |- ! scope="row"| ''[[F.A.M.E. (Chris Brown album)|F.A.M.E.]]'' | * Imetolewa: March&nbsp;22,&nbsp;2011 <span style="font-size:85%;">(US)</span><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/fame-mw0002109334|title=F.A.M.E. – Chris Brown|publisher=Allmusic. Rovi Corporation|access-date=October 16, 2018}}</ref> * Lebo: CBE, Jive * Muundo: CD, digital download, streaming | 1 || 1 || 3 || 6 || 44 || 39 || 8 || 16 || 7 || 34 || 10 | * US: 872,000{{efn|group=upper-alpha|Sales as of May 2012.}}<ref>{{cite web|last=Maloy|first=Sarah|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/chris-brown-billboard-music-awards-323711|title=Chris Brown to Perform at Billboard Music Awards|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|publisher=Prometheus Global Media|date=May 12, 2012|access-date=April 4, 2016}}</ref> * UK: 200,000{{efn|group=upper-alpha|Sales as of March 2012.}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.capitalfm.com/artists/chris-brown/news/fortune-album-artwork/|title=Chris Brown Unveils New Album 'Fortune' Cover|work=[[Capital (radio network)|Capital FM]]|date=March 2, 2012|access-date=March 3, 2012}}</ref> | * RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * ARIA: Platinum<ref name=ARIA2019>{{cite certification|region=Australia|certyear=2019|access-date=August 24, 2021}}</ref> * BPI: Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * IRMA: Gold<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.irishcharts.ie/awards/gold11.htm|title=2011 Certification Awards – Gold|publisher=[[Irish Recorded Music Association]] (IRMA)|access-date=April 22, 2012|archive-date=2018-07-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711234229/http://www.irishcharts.ie/awards/gold11.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Fortune (Chris Brown album)|Fortune]]'' | * Imetolewa: July&nbsp;3,&nbsp;2012 <span style="font-size:85%;">(US)</span><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/fortune-mw0002329610|title=Fortune – Chris Brown|publisher=Allmusic. Rovi Corporation|access-date=October 16, 2018}}</ref> * Lebo: CBE, [[RCA Records|RCA]] * Muundo: CD, digital download, streaming | 1 || 1 || 2 || 6 || 8 || 13 || 4 || 1 || 1 || 10 || 1 | * US: 465,000{{efn|group=upper-alpha|Sales as of December 2013.|name=2013Sales}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hitsdailydouble.com/sales/sales_ur.cgi |title=Upcoming Releases – Page 9 |publisher=Hits |date=October 29, 2013 |access-date=April 4, 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131207150834/http://www.hitsdailydouble.com/sales/sales_ur.cgi |archive-date=December 7, 2013}}</ref> | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * ARIA: Gold<ref name="ARIA2019"/> * BPI: Gold<ref name="BPI"/> |- ! scope="row"| ''[[X (Chris Brown album)|X]]'' | * Imetolewa: September 16, 2014 <span style="font-size:85%;">(US)</span><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/x-mw0002586461|title=X – Chris Brown|publisher=Allmusic. Rovi Corporation|access-date=October 16, 2018}}</ref> * Lebo: CBE, RCA * Muundo: CD, digital download, streaming | 2 || 1 || 4 || 2 || 6 || 11 || 5 || 5 || 3 || 3 || 4 | * US: 404,000{{efn|group=upper-alpha|Sales as of December 2015.|name=2015Sales}}<ref name="XSales">{{cite web|url=http://hitsdailydouble.com/new_album_releases|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151124222743/http://hitsdailydouble.com/new_album_releases|title=Upcoming Releases|work=hitsdailydouble|publisher=HITS Digital Ventures|archive-date=November 24, 2015 |access-date=December 20, 2015}}</ref> | * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * ARIA: Gold<ref name="ARIA2019"/> * BPI: Gold<ref name="BPI"/> |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Royalty (Chris Brown album)|Royalty]]'' | * Imetolewa: December 18, 2015 * Lebo: CBE, RCA * Muundo: CD, digital download, streaming | 3 || 1 || 14 || 17 || 81 || 37 || 51 || 21 || 16 || 15 || 23 | * US: 360,000{{efn|group=upper-alpha|Sales as of February 2016.|name=2016Sales}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hotnewhiphop.com/charts-dont-lie-february-3-news.19941.html|title=Charts Don't Lie: February 3|website=HNHH|accessdate=2024-11-15|archive-date=2016-02-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160205230203/http://www.hotnewhiphop.com/charts-dont-lie-february-3-news.19941.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * ARIA: Gold<ref name="ARIA2019"/> * BPI: Gold<ref name="BPI"/> |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Heartbreak on a Full Moon]]'' | * Imetolewa: October 31, 2017 * Lebo: CBE, RCA * Muundo: CD, digital download, streaming | 3 || 1 || 5 || 10 || 29 || 35 || 18 || 15 || 3 || 29 || 10 | * US: <!-- SALES only; not units. -->105,000{{efn|group=upper-alpha|Sales as of December 2018.|name=2018Sales}}<ref>{{cite web|url= https://hitsdailydouble.com/news&id=309854&title+TOP-50-SELLERS-OF-2017|title=2017 TOP 50 ALBUMS|website=HITS}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://hitsdailydouble.com/news&id=314588&title=2018-TOP-50-ALBUMS&title=YEAR-TO-c-ALBUMS|title=2018 TOP 50 ALBUMS|website=HITS}}</ref> | * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * ARIA: Platinum<ref name=ARIA23a/> * BPI: Gold<ref name="BPI"/> * MC: Platinum<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite certification|region=Canada|type=album|artist=Chris Brown|access-date=August 22, 2018}}</ref> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=New Zealand|type=album|artist=Chris Brown|title=Heartbreak on a Full Moon|id=4504|access-date=July 20, 2018}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Indigo (Chris Brown album)|Indigo]]'' | * Imetolewa: June 28, 2019<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.billboard.com/music/rb-hip-hop/chris-brown-indigo-album-8518018 |title=Chris Brown shares 'Indigo' album, with appearances from Lil Wayne, H.E.R. & Tyga: Stream it Now |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|date=June 28, 2019 |access-date=June 29, 2019 |author=Saponara, Michael}}</ref> * Lebo: CBE, RCA * Muundo: CD, digital download, streaming | 1 || 1 || 3 || 2 || 29 || 31 || 23 || 11 || 3 || 9 || 7 | * US: <!-- This column is for sales only -->84,000{{efn|group=upper-alpha|Sales as of December 2019.|name=2019Sales}}<ref>{{cite web|url= https://hitsdailydouble.com/news&id=319157&title+2019-TOP-50-ALBUMS|title=2019 TOP 50 ALBUMS |website=HITS}}</ref> | * RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * ARIA: Gold<ref name=ARIA23a/> * BPI: Gold<ref name="BPI"/> * MC: Gold<ref name="ReferenceA"/> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/albums|title=Indigo|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]] (RMNZ)|access-date=February 2, 2020|archive-date=2020-12-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201219170720/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/albums|url-status=dead}}</ref> * SNEP: Gold<ref>{{cite certification|region=France|artist=Chris Brown|title=Indigo|access-date=February 3, 2024}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Breezy (album)|Breezy]]'' | * Imetolewa: June 24, 2022<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://hollywoodlife.com/2021/07/20/chris-brown-hints-collaboration-kanye-west-album/|title=Chris Brown Hints In Cryptic Message That He's Collaborated With Kanye West On Surprise Next Album|website=Hollywoodlife.com|date=July 20, 2021|access-date=January 20, 2022}}</ref> * Lebo: CBE, RCA * Muundo: CD, digital download, streaming | 4 || 2 || 6 || 7 || 39 || 25 || 41 || 6 || 2 || 9 || 6 | * US: <!-- This column is for sales only -->5,000{{efn|group=upper-alpha|Sales as of July 2022.|name=2022Sales}}<ref>{{cite magazine|url= https://www.billboard.com/music/chart-beat/bad-bunny-un-verano-sin-ti-billboard-200-no-1-three-weeks-1235110309/|title=Bad Bunny Back at No. 1 on Billboard 200 With 'Un Verano Sin Ti'|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] }}</ref> | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> * BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> |- ! scope="row"| ''[[11:11 (Chris Brown album)|11:11]]'' | * Imetolewa: November 10, 2023<ref>{{cite web | url=https://kisscleveland.iheart.com/content/2023-08-16-chris-brown-announces-plans-for-his-upcoming-11th-studio-album/ | title=Chris Brown Announces Plans for His Upcoming 11th Studio Album }}</ref> * Lebo: CBE, RCA * Muundo: [[LP record|LP]], digital download, streaming | 9 || 2 || 16 || 34 || 49 || 38 || 41 || 6 || 2 || 9 || 11 | * US: <!-- This column is for sales only -->6,000{{efn|group=upper-alpha|Sales as of November 2023.|name=2023Sales}}<ref>{{cite magazine|url= https://thatgrapejuice.net/2023/11/he-did-it-chris-brown-keeps-nearly-20-year-billboard-200-top-10-streak-intact-with-debut-of-1111/|title=He Did It! Chris Brown Keeps Nearly 20-Year ''Billboard'' 200 Top 10 Streak Intact with Debut of ''11:11''}}</ref> | * BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> * RMNZ: Gold<ref>{{cite certification|region=New Zealand|type=album|artist=Chris Brown|title=11:11 (Deluxe)|id=5804|access-date=May 11, 2024}}</ref> |- | colspan="16" style="font-size:90%"| "—" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not Imetolewa in that territory. |} ===Albamu ya ushirikiano=== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+ Orodha ya albamu, na baadhi ya nafasi za chati, mauzo na vyeti ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:12em;"| Jina ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:21em;"| Maelezo ya albamu ! scope="col" colspan="11"| Nafsi za chati iliyoshika ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:10em;"| Mauzo ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:11em;"| [[List of music recording certifications|Vyeti]] |- ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Billboard 200|US]]<br /><ref name="billboard200"/> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums|US R&B/HH]]<br /><ref name="r&balbums"/> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[ARIA Charts|AUS]]<br /><ref name="auschart"/> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Canadian Albums Chart|CAN]]<br /><ref name="CAN-albums"/> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique|FRA]]<br /><ref name="frachart"/> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[GfK Entertainment|GER]]<br /><ref name="gerchart"/> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Irish Albums Chart|IRE]]<br /><ref name="irechart"/> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[MegaCharts|NLD]]<br /><ref name="nlchart"/> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Official New Zealand Music Chart|NZ]]<br /><ref name="nzchart"/> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Swiss Hitparade|SWI]]<br /><ref name="swichart"/> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[UK Albums Chart|UK]]<br /><ref name="ukchart"/> |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Fan of a Fan: The Album]]''<br /><small>(with [[Tyga]])</small> | * Imetolewa: February 24, 2015 <span style="font-size:85%;">(US)</span><ref>{{cite web|title=Chris Brown And Tyga's Fan Of A Fan Album Cover Is Everything We Love About The '90's|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/2058206/chris-brown-tyga-fan-of-a-fan-album-cover/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150126091030/http://www.mtv.com/news/2058206/chris-brown-tyga-fan-of-a-fan-album-cover/|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 26, 2015|publisher=mtv.com|access-date=January 24, 2015}}</ref> * Lebo: CBE, [[Last Kings Records|Last Kings]], [[RCA Records|RCA]],<br />[[Young Money]], [[Cash Money Records|Cash Money]], [[Republic Records|Republic]] * Muundo: CD, digital download, streaming | 7 || 3 || 3 || 11 || 33 || 14 || 31 || 30 || 9 || 6 || 7 | *US: 72,000{{efn|group=upper-alpha|Sales as of March 2015.|name="Fan of a Fan: The AlbumSales"}}<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://hiphopdx.com/news/id.33107/title.hip-hop-album-sales-kendrick-lamar-empire-drake|title=Hip Hop Album Sales: Kendrick Lamar, "Empire" & Drake|magazine=HipHopDX|access-date=June 2, 2016|archive-date=2025-06-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250605025614/https://hiphopdx.com/news/id.33107/title.hip-hop-album-sales-kendrick-lamar-empire-drake|url-status=dead}}</ref> | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> * ARIA: Gold<ref name=ARIA23a/> * BPI: Gold<ref name="BPI"/> |} ==Kandamseto== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+ Orodha ya kandamseto na baadhi ya maelezo |- ! scope="col" style="width:10em;"| Jina ! scope="col"| Maelezo ya albamu |- ! scope="row"| ''In My Zone (Rhythm & Streets)'' {{small|(hosted by [[DJ Drama]] and DJ Sense)}} | * Imetolewa: February 14, 2010<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.hotnewhiphop.com/chris-brown-in-my-zone-hosted-by-dj-drama-mixtape.319.html | title=Chris Brown – In My Zone (Hosted By DJ Drama) [New Mixtape] | publisher=hotnewhiphop | date=February 14, 2010 | access-date=May 27, 2016 | archive-date=2016-06-25 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160625175506/http://www.hotnewhiphop.com/chris-brown-in-my-zone-hosted-by-dj-drama-mixtape.319.html | url-status=dead }}</ref> * Lebo: CBE, Gangsta Grillz * Format: CD, digital download |- ! scope="row"| ''Fan of a Fan'' {{small|(hosted by DJ Ill Will and DJ Rockstar)}} <span style="font-size:85%;"><br />(with Tyga)</span> | * Imetolewa: May 16, 2010<ref name="hotnewhiphop">{{cite web | url=https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/chris-brown-and-tyga-fan-of-a-fan-new-mixtape.983.html | title=Chris Brown & Tyga – Fan of a Fan [New Mixtape] | publisher=hotnewhiphop | date=May 16, 2010 | access-date=September 1, 2018 | archive-date=2020-10-08 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008004438/https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/chris-brown-and-tyga-fan-of-a-fan-new-mixtape.983.html | url-status=dead }}</ref> * Lebo: Tyga Music<ref name="hotnewhiphop"/> * Format: CD, digital download |- ! scope="row"| ''In My Zone 2'' {{small|(hosted by DJ Drama and [[DJ Babey Drew]])}} | * Imetolewa: November 27, 2010<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.hotnewhiphop.com/chris-brown-in-my-zone-2-hosted-by-dj-drama-mixtape.5774.html | title=Chris Brown – In My Zone 2 (Hosted By DJ Drama) [New Mixtape] | publisher=hotnewhiphop | date=November 27, 2010 | access-date=May 27, 2016 | archive-date=2016-06-29 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160629120030/http://www.hotnewhiphop.com/chris-brown-in-my-zone-2-hosted-by-dj-drama-mixtape.5774.html | url-status=dead }}</ref> * Lebo: CBE, Gangsta Grillz * Format: Digital download |- ! scope="row"| ''Boy in Detention'' | * Imetolewa: August 5, 2011<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.hotnewhiphop.com/chris-brown-boy-in-detention-new-mixtape.19951.html | title=Chris Brown – Boy In Detention [New Mixtape] | publisher=hotnewhiphop | date=August 4, 2011 | access-date=May 27, 2016 | archive-date=2014-03-02 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140302220007/http://www.hotnewhiphop.com/chris-brown-boy-in-detention-new-mixtape.19951.html | url-status=dead }}</ref> * Lebo: CBE * Format: Digital download |- ! scope="row"| ''X Files'' | * Imetolewa: November 19, 2013<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.hotnewhiphop.com/chris-brown-x-files-mixtape.101568.html | title=Chris Brown – X Files [New Mixtape] | publisher=hotnewhiphop | date=November 19, 2013 | access-date=May 27, 2016 | archive-date=2022-05-12 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220512141519/https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/chris-brown-x-files-mixtape.101568.html | url-status=dead }}</ref> * Lebo: CBE * Format: Digital download |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Before the Party]]'' | * Imetolewa: November 27, 2015<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/chris-brown-before-the-party-new-mixtape.116148.html | title=Chris Brown – Before The Party | publisher=hotnewhiphop | date=November 27, 2015 | access-date=October 19, 2018 | archive-date=2015-11-30 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151130032344/http://www.hotnewhiphop.com/chris-brown-before-the-party-new-mixtape.116148.html | url-status=dead }}</ref> * Lebo: CBE * Muundo: Kupakua mtandaoni, kusikiliza mtandaoni |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Before the Trap: Nights in Tarzana]]''<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(with OHB)</span> | * Imetolewa: April 29, 2016<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/chris-brown-before-the-trap-nights-in-tarzana-new-mixtape.116388.html | title=Chris Brown & OHB – Before The Trap: Nights In Tarzana | publisher=hotnewhiphop | date=April 29, 2016 | access-date=October 19, 2018 }} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * Lebo: CBE * Muundo: Kupakua mtandaoni, kusikiliza mtandaoni |- ! scope="row"| ''Attack the Block'' <span style="font-size:85%;"><br />(with OHB and [[Smoke Boys|Section Boyz]])</span> | * Imetolewa: October 28, 2016<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/chris-brown-ohb-and-section-boyz-attack-the-block-new-mixtape.116602.html | title=Chris Brown, OHB & Section Boyz – Attack The Block | publisher=hotnewhiphop | date=October 28, 2016 | access-date=October 19, 2018 | archive-date=2016-10-29 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161029112405/http://www.hotnewhiphop.com/chris-brown-ohb-and-section-boyz-attack-the-block-new-mixtape.116602.html | url-status=dead }}</ref> * Lebo: CBE * Format: Digital download |} ===Kandamseto za kibiashara=== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+ Orodha ya kandamseto na baadhi ya maelezo ! scope="col" rowspan="2" | Jina ! scope="col" rowspan="2" | Maelezo ya albamu ! scope="col" colspan="9" | Nafsi za chati iliyoshika |- ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Billboard 200|US]]<br /><ref name="billboard200" /> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums|US<br />R&B/HH]]<br /><ref name="r&balbums" /> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[ARIA Charts|AUS]]<br /><ref name="auschart" /> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Canadian Albums Chart|CAN]]<br /><ref name="CAN-albums" /> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[SNEP|FRA]]<br /><ref name="frachart" /> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[MegaCharts|NLD]]<br /><ref name="nlchart" /> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Official New Zealand Music Chart|NZ]]<br /><ref name="nzchart" /> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Swiss Hitparade|SWI]]<br /><ref name="swichart" /> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[UK Albums Chart|UK]]<br /><ref name="ukchart" /> |- ! scope="row" | ''[[Slime & B]]'' <span style="font-size:85%;"><br />(with [[Young Thug]])</span> | * Imetolewa: May 5, 2020<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/chris-brown-and-young-thugs-joint-mixtape-release-date-is-here-news.109342.html|title=Chris Brown & Young Thug's Joint Mixtape Release Date Is Here|work=HotNewHipHop|date=April 29, 2020|access-date=April 29, 2020|archive-date=2020-04-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200428154055/https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/chris-brown-and-young-thugs-joint-mixtape-release-date-is-here-news.109342.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> * Lebo: CBE, [[RCA Records|RCA]], [[YSL Records|YSL]], [[300 Entertainment|300]], [[Atlantic Records|Atlantic]] * Muundo: Kupakua mtandaoni, kusikiliza mtandaoni | 24 || 15 || 29 || 46 || 110 || 38 || 37 || 51 || 51 |} ==Kanda ndefu== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+ Orodha ya kanda ndefu ! scope="col" style="width:10em;"| Jina ! scope="col" style="width:18em;"| Maelezo |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Royalty International – EP]]'' | * Imetolewa: December 25,&nbsp;2015 * Lebo: CBE, [[RCA Records|RCA]] * Muundo: Kupakua mtandaoni, kusikiliza mtandaoni<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://open.spotify.com/album/0BMkxYNCCYicwfzvIXX49p|title=Royalty International EP|date=December 25, 2015|access-date=January 20, 2022|website=Open.spotify.com}}</ref> |} ==Singo== ===Kama mwimbaji mkuu=== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+ Orodha ya singo kama mwimbaji mkuu, baadhi ya chati, vyeti — zimetolewa na jina la albamu ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:22em;"| Jina ! scope="col" rowspan="2" | Year ! scope="col" colspan="10"| Nafsi za chati iliyoshika ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:12em;"| [[List of music recording certifications|Vyeti]] ! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Album |- ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Billboard Hot 100|US]]<br /><ref name="hot100">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/chris-brown/chart-history/hsi/|title=Chris Brown Chart History: Hot 100|magazine=Billboard|access-date=November 12, 2024}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|US<br />R&B/<br />HH]]<br /><ref name="billboardr&b">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/chris-brown/chart-history/bsi/|title=Chris Brown Chart History: R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|magazine=Billboard|access-date=October 15, 2024}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[ARIA Charts|AUS]]<br /><ref name="auschart"/> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique|FRA]]<br /><ref name="frachart"/> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[GfK Entertainment charts|GER]]<br /><ref name="gerchart"/> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Irish Singles Chart|IRE]]<br /><ref name="irechart"/> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Dutch Single Top 100|NLD]]<br /><ref name="nlchart"/> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Official New Zealand Music Chart|NZ]]<br /><ref name="nzchart"/> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Swiss Hitparade|SWI]]<br /><ref name="swichart"/> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[UK Singles Chart|UK]]<br /><ref name="ukchart"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Run It!]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Juelz Santana]])</span> | rowspan="2"| 2005 | 1 || 1 || 1 || 19 || 5 || 2 || 9 || 1 || 5 || 2 | *RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> *RIAA: Platinum {{small|([[RIAA certification#Master Ringtone|Mastertone]])}}<ref name="RIAA"/> *ARIA: 3× Platinum<ref name="ARIA2019"/> *BPI: Gold<ref name="BPI"/> *BVMI: Gold<ref name="gercerts"/> *MC: Gold {{small|([[Music Canada#RingTones (singles)|Ringtone]])}}<ref name="ReferenceA"/> *RMNZ: Gold<ref name="nzsinglescert"/> | rowspan="5"| ''[[Chris Brown (album)|Chris Brown]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Yo (Excuse Me Miss)]]" | 7 || 2 || 10 || — || 56 || 15 || 67 || 9 || 34 || 13 | *RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> *RIAA: Platinum {{small|(Mastertone)}}<ref name="RIAA"/> *ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA2019"/> *BPI: Gold<ref name="BPI"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Gimme That]]" (Remix)<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Lil Wayne]])</span> | rowspan="3"| 2006 | 15 || 5 || — || 45 || 47 || 26 || 94 || — || 30 || 23 | *RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> *RIAA: Gold {{small|(Mastertone)}}<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Say Goodbye (Chris Brown song)|Say Goodbye]]" | 10 || 1 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | *RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> *RIAA: Platinum {{small|(Mastertone)}}<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Poppin' (Chris Brown song)|Poppin']]" | 42 || 5 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | *RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> *RIAA: Gold {{small|(Mastertone)}}<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Wall to Wall (song)|Wall to Wall]]" | rowspan="3"| 2007 | 79 || 22 || 21 || — || 59 || 47 || — || 15 || 87 || 75 | *RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> *ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA2019"/> | rowspan="3"| ''[[Exclusive (album)|Exclusive]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Kiss Kiss (Chris Brown song)|Kiss Kiss]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[T-Pain]])</span> | 1 || 2 || 8 || — || — || 26 || — || 1 || 69 || 38 | *RIAA: 4× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> *RIAA: Platinum {{small|(Mastertone)}}<ref name="RIAA"/> *ARIA: 3× Platinum<ref name="ARIA2019"/> *BPI: Gold<ref name="BPI"/> *MC: 2× Platinum {{small|(Ringtone)}}<ref name="ReferenceA"/> *RMNZ: Platinum<ref name="nzsinglescert">{{cite web|url=http://www.radioscope.net.nz/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=77&Itemid=61|title=Latest Gold / Platinum Singles|publisher=RadioScope New Zealand|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724195845/http://www.radioscope.net.nz/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=77&Itemid=61|archive-date=July 24, 2011 }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "[[With You (Chris Brown song)|With You]]" | 2 || 5 || 5 || 11 || 33 || 3 || 56 || 1 || 24 || 8 | *RIAA: 6× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> *RIAA: 2× Platinum {{small|(Mastertone)}}<ref name="RIAA"/> *ARIA: 4× Platinum<ref name="ARIA2019"/> *BPI: Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> *MC: Gold {{small|(Ringtone)}}<ref name="ReferenceA"/> *RMNZ: Platinum<ref name="nzsinglescert"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[No Air]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(with [[Jordin Sparks]])</span> | rowspan="4"| 2008 | 3 || 4 || 1 || — || 10 || 2 || 17 || 1 || 8 || 3 | *RIAA: Platinum<ref name="riaa.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?artist=Sparks,_Jordin |title=RIAA – Gold & Platinum: Jordin Sparks |publisher=Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) |access-date=February 16, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160103142803/http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?artist=Sparks,_Jordin |archive-date=January 3, 2016}}</ref> *RIAA: Platinum {{small|(Mastertone)}}<ref name="RIAA"/> *ARIA: Platinum<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aria.com.au/pages/httpwww.aria.com.aupageshttpwww.aria.com.aupagesARIACharts-Accreditations-2008Singles.htm|title=ARIA Charts - Accreditations - 2008 Singles|publisher=Australian Recording Industry Association|date=August 15, 2019|access-date=August 15, 2019}}</ref> *BPI: 2× Platinum<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bpi.co.uk/award/4590-2033-1 |title=Certified Awards Search |publisher=British Phonographic Industry (BPI) |access-date=August 22, 2023 }}</ref> *BVMI: Gold<ref name="gercerts"/> *MC: Platinum<ref name="ReferenceA"/> *MC: Gold {{small|(Ringtone)}}<ref name="ReferenceA"/> *RMNZ: 2× Platinum<ref name="nzsinglescert"/> | ''[[Jordin Sparks (album)|Jordin Sparks]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Take You Down]]" | 43 || 4 || — || — || — || — || — || 7 || — || 92 | *RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> *BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> | rowspan="3"| ''Exclusive'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Forever (Chris Brown song)|Forever]]" | 2 || 66 || 7 || 25 || 20 || 1 || 51 || 1 || 22 || 4 | *RIAA: 6× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> *RIAA: Gold {{small|(Mastertone)}}<ref name="RIAA"/> *ARIA: 5× Platinum<ref name="ARIA2019"/> *BPI: Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> *RMNZ: Platinum<ref name="nzsinglescert"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Superhuman (Chris Brown song)|Superhuman]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Keri Hilson]])</span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Superhuman" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 9 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot 100.<ref name="BubblingBB">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/chris-brown/chart-history/hbu/|title=Chris Brown Chart History: Bubbling Under Hot 100|magazine=Billboard|access-date=August 13, 2024}}</ref>}} || —{{Ref label|note_a1|A}} || 30 || — || — || 15 || — || 15 || — || 32 | *RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> *ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA2019"/> *RMNZ: Gold<ref name="nzsinglescert"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[I Can Transform Ya]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring Lil Wayne and [[Swizz Beatz]])</span> | rowspan="2"| 2009 | 20 || 11 || 21 || — || — || 21 || 57 || 7 || — || 26 | *RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> *ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA2019"/> *BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> *RMNZ: Platinum<ref name="nzsinglescert"/> | rowspan="2"| ''[[Graffiti (Chris Brown album)|Graffiti]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Crawl (Chris Brown song)|Crawl]]" | 53 || 59 || 67 || — || — || 39 || — || 16 || — || 35 | *RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> *ARIA: Gold<ref name="ARIA2019"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Deuces (song)|Deuces]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Tyga]] and [[Kevin McCall]])</span> | rowspan="2"| 2010 | 14 || 1 || — || — || — || — || — || 23 || — || 68 | *RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * BPI: Gold<ref name="BPI"/> | rowspan="8"| ''[[F.A.M.E. (Chris Brown album)|F.A.M.E.]]'' |- !scope="row"| "[[Yeah 3x]]" | 15 || —{{Ref label|note_b1|B}} || 4 || 59 || 7 || 8 || 22 || 1 || 7 || 6 | *RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> *ARIA: 6× Platinum<ref name="ARIA2019"/> *BPI: Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> *[[Bundesverband Musikindustrie|BVMI]]: Gold<ref name="gercerts">{{cite web|url=http://www.musikindustrie.de/gold_platin_datenbank/?action=suche&strTitel=&strInterpret=Chris+Brown&strTtArt=alle&strAwards=checked|title=German Certifications – Chris Brown|language=de|publisher=[[Bundesverband Musikindustrie]] (BVMI)|access-date=November 7, 2011}}</ref> *[[International Federation of the Phonographic Industry|IFPI]] SWI: Platinum<ref name="SWIcert">{{cite web|url=http://swisscharts.com/search_certifications.asp?search=Chris+Brown|title=The Official Swiss Charts and Music Community|work=Swisscharts.com|publisher=Hung Medien|access-date=August 11, 2012}}</ref> *RMNZ: Platinum<ref name="nzsinglescert"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[No Bullshit]]" | rowspan="7"| 2011 | 62 || 3 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | *RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Look at Me Now (Chris Brown song)|Look at Me Now]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring Lil Wayne and [[Busta Rhymes]])</span> | 6 || 1 || 46 || 85 || — || — || — || 37 || — || 44 | *RIAA: 8× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> *ARIA: 2× Platinum<ref name="ARIA2019"/> *BPI: Gold<ref name="BPI"/> |- !scope="row"| "[[Beautiful People (Chris Brown song)|Beautiful People]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Benny Benassi]])</span> | 43 || —{{Ref label|note_c1|C}} || 7 || 26 || 30 || 3 || 25 || 6 || 26 || 4 | *RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> *ARIA: 3× Platinum<ref name="ARIA2019"/> *BPI: 2× Platinum<ref name="BPI" /> *BVMI: Gold<ref name="gercerts"/> *RMNZ: Gold<ref name="nzsinglescert"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[She Ain't You]]" | 27 || 5 || 27 || — || — || — || — || 27 || — || 53 | *RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> *ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA2019"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Next to You (Chris Brown song)|Next to You]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Justin Bieber]])</span> | 26 || — || 22 || — || 28 || 21 || — || 11 || 74 || 14 | *RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> *ARIA: 2× Platinum<ref name="ARIA2019"/> *BPI: Gold<ref name="BPI" /> *RMNZ: Gold<ref name="nzsinglescert"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Wet the Bed]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Ludacris]])</span> | 77 || 6 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | *RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Strip (Chris Brown song)|Strip]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring Kevin McCall)</span> | 37 || 3 || 76 || — || — || — || 95 || — || — || 78 | *RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> *ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA2019"/> | rowspan="6"| ''[[Fortune (Chris Brown album)|Fortune]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Turn Up the Music (Chris Brown song)|Turn Up the Music]]" | rowspan="5"| 2012 | 10 || 81 || 6 || 39 || 34 || 12 || 30 || 9 || 39 || 1 | *RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> *ARIA: 3× Platinum<ref name="ARIA2019"/> *BPI: Gold<ref name="BPI"/> *RMNZ: Gold<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles |title=NZ Top 40 Singles Chart |publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]] (RMNZ) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120215004148/http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles |archive-date=February 15, 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Sweet Love (Chris Brown song)|Sweet Love]]" | 89 || 25 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | *RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Till I Die (Chris Brown song)|Till I Die]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Big Sean]] and [[Wiz Khalifa]])</span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Till I Die" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 1 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot 100.<ref name="BubblingBB"/>}} || 12 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "[[Don't Wake Me Up (Chris Brown song)|Don't Wake Me Up]]" | 10 || — || 2 || 11 || 11 || 4 || 37 || 2 || 12 || 2 | *RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> *ARIA: 4× Platinum<ref name="ARIA2019"/> *BPI: Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> *BVMI: Gold<ref name="gercerts"/> *RMNZ: Platinum<ref name="NZ Top 40 Singles Chart">{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles |title=NZ Top 40 Singles Chart |publisher=Recorded Music NZ (RMNZ) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120215004148/http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles |archive-date=February 15, 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Don't Judge Me]]" | 67 || 18 || 42 || 22 || 38 || — || — || — || — || 42 | *RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> *ARIA: Gold<ref name="ARIA2019"/> *BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Fine China (Chris Brown song)|Fine China]]" | rowspan="4"| 2013 | 31 || 10 || 26 || 43 || — || 65 || 56 || 21 || — || 23 | *RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA2019"/> * BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> | rowspan="5"| ''[[X (Chris Brown album)|X]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Don't Think They Know]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Aaliyah]])</span> | 81 || 29 || — || 121 || — || — || — || — || — || 94 | *RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Love More]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Nicki Minaj]])</span> | 23 || 7 || 29 || 118 || 48 || — || — || — || — || 32 | *RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> *ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA2019"/> * BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Loyal (Chris Brown song)|Loyal]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring Lil Wayne and Tyga)</span> | 9 || 4 || 42 || 35 || 54 || 49 || 98 || 19 || — || 10 | *RIAA: 6× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> *ARIA: 3× Platinum<ref name="ARIA2019"/> * BPI: 2× Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: Platinum<ref name="gercerts"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[New Flame]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Usher (musician)|Usher]] and [[Rick Ross]])</span> | 2014 | 27 || 6 || 61 || 75 || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"New Flame" did not enter the Single Top 100, but peaked at number 8 on the Single Tip chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dutchcharts.nl/weekchart.asp?cat=st&date=20140927&year=2014|title=Dutch Single Tip 27/09/2014|website=dutchcharts.nl|language=nl|access-date=January 15, 2024}}</ref>}} || 35 || — || 10 | *RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> *ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA2019"/> *BPI: Gold<ref name="BPI"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Ayo (song)|Ayo]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(with Tyga)</span> | rowspan="7"| 2015 | 21 || 7 || 32 || 32 || 23 || 27 || 45 || 31 || 43 || 6 | *RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> *ARIA: 2× Platinum<ref name="ARIA2019"/> *BPI: 2× Platinum<ref name="BPI" /> *BVMI: Platinum<ref name="gercerts"/> | rowspan="2"| ''[[Fan of a Fan: The Album]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Bitches N Marijuana]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(with Tyga featuring [[Schoolboy Q]])</span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Bitches N Marijuana" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 3 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot 100.<ref name="BubblingBB"/>}} || 33 || 49 || 139 || 50 || — || — || — || — || 60 | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> *ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA2019"/> *BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI" /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Five Hours#Five More Hours|Five More Hours]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(with [[Deorro]])</span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Five More Hours" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 1 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot 100.<ref name="BubblingBB"/>}} || — || 7 || 31 || 23 || 15 || 34 || 11 || 22 || 4 | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * ARIA: 4× Platinum<ref name="ARIA2019"/> * BPI: Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: Platinum<ref name="gercerts"/> * MC: 3× Platinum<ref name="ReferenceA"/> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=New Zealand|type=single|id=4104|access-date=August 7, 2015}}</ref> | ''Good Evening'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Liquor (song)|Liquor]]" | 60 || 19 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || 82 | *RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> | rowspan="4"| ''[[Royalty (Chris Brown album)|Royalty]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Zero (Chris Brown song)|Zero]]" | 80 || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Zero" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, but peaked at number 1 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs.<ref name="BubblingR&B">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/chris-brown/chart-history/bubbling-under-r-b-hip-hop-songs|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180518111930/https://www.billboard.com/music/chris-brown/chart-history/bubbling-under-r-b-hip-hop-songs|url-status=dead|archive-date=May 18, 2018|title=Chris Brown Chart History: Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|magazine=Billboard|access-date=February 13, 2018}}</ref>}} || — || 181 || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Zero" did not enter the Single Top 100, but peaked at number 22 on the Single Tip chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dutchcharts.nl/weekchart.asp?cat=st&year=2015&date=20150926|title=Dutch Single Tip 26/09/2015|access-date=January 15, 2024}}</ref>}} || — || — || 68 | *RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Back to Sleep (song)|Back to Sleep]]" | 20 || 5 || 74 || 138 || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Back to Sleep" did not enter the Single Top 100, but peaked at number 8 on the Single Tip chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dutchcharts.nl/weekchart.asp?cat=st&date=20160402&year=2016|title=Dutch Single Tip 02/04/2016|access-date=January 15, 2024}}</ref>}} || 38 || — || 100 | * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA2019"/> * BPI: Gold<ref name="BPI"/> * RMNZ: Gold<ref>{{cite certification|region=New Zealand|type=single|id=4208|access-date=March 11, 2016}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Fine by Me (Chris Brown song)|Fine by Me]]" | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Fine by Me" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 13 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot 100.<ref name="BubblingBB"/>}} || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Fine by Me" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, but peaked at number 7 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs.<ref name="BubblingR&B"/>}} || — || — || — || — || 97 || — || — || 76 |- ! scope="row"| "[[Paradise (Benny Benassi and Chris Brown song)|Paradise]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(with Benny Benassi) </span> | rowspan="3"| 2016 | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Paradise" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 21 on the [[Hot Dance/Electronic Songs]] chart.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/chris-brown/chart-history/dan/|title=Chris Brown Chart History: Dance/Electronic Songs|magazine=Billboard|access-date=February 13, 2018}}</ref>}} || — || — || — || — || 30 || — || — || — || 40 | * BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> | ''[[Danceaholic]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Grass Ain't Greener]]" | 71 || 23 || 97 || — || — || — || — || — || — || 100 | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA2019"/> * BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> | rowspan="6"| ''[[Heartbreak on a Full Moon]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Party (Chris Brown song)|Party]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring Usher and [[Gucci Mane]])</span> | 40 || 14 || 82 || 84 || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Party" did not enter the Single Top 100, but peaked at number 17 on the Single Tip chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dutchcharts.nl/weekchart.asp?cat=st&date=20161231&year=2016|title=Dutch Single Tip 31/12/2016|access-date=January 15, 2024}}</ref>}} || — || — || 68 | * RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * ARIA: Platinum<ref name=ARIA2018>{{cite certification|region=Australia|certyear=2018|access-date=August 24, 2021}}</ref> * BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> * MC: Gold<ref name="ReferenceA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Privacy (song)|Privacy]]" | rowspan="3"| 2017 | 62 || 26 || 61 || 73 || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Privacy" did not enter the [[Official New Zealand Music Chart|NZ Top 40 Singles Chart]], but peaked at number four on the NZ Heatseeker Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=4345 |title=NZ Heatseeker Singles Chart |publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]] |date=April 3, 2017 |access-date=March 31, 2017 |archive-date=2017-03-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170331211814/http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=4345 |url-status=dead }}</ref>}} || 95 || 86 | * RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA2019"/> * BPI: Gold<ref name="BPI"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Pills & Automobiles]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Yo Gotti]], [[A Boogie wit da Hoodie]] and [[Kodak Black]])</span> | 46 || 16 || — || 136 || — || — || — || — || — || — | * RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA2019"/> * BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Questions (Chris Brown song)|Questions]]" | 78 || 32 || 56 || 138 || 74 || 37 || 43 || 33 || 55 || 12 | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA2019"/> * BPI: Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="gercerts"/> * IFPI SWI: Gold<ref name="SWIcert"/> * MC: Gold<ref name="ReferenceA"/> * RMNZ: Gold<ref>{{cite certification|region=New Zealand|type=single|artist=Chris Brown|title=Questions|id=4414|access-date=November 10, 2017}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Tempo (Chris Brown song)|Tempo]]"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.allaccess.com/urban/future-releases|title=Urban/UAC Future Releases|publisher=All Access Music Group|date=February 3, 2018|access-date=January 26, 2018|archive-date=2022-06-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220623152410/https://www.allaccess.com/urban/future-releases|url-status=dead}}</ref> | rowspan="3"| 2018 | 88 || 36 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * ARIA: Gold<ref name="ARIA2019"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Stranger Things (Joyner Lucas and Chris Brown song)|Stranger Things]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(with [[Joyner Lucas]]) </span> | 91 || 46 || 100 || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Stranger Things" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number three on the NZ Heatseeker Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=4460|title=NZ Heatseeker Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=March 12, 2018|access-date=March 9, 2018|archive-date=2018-03-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311141023/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=4460|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> | rowspan="2" {{N/A|Non-album singles}} |- ! scope="row"| "I Don't Die"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/ca/album/i-dont-die-single/1378370860|title=I Don't Die – Single by Joyner Lucas & Chris Brown on Apple Music|work=iTunes|date=May 2, 2018 |access-date=May 7, 2018}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(with Joyner Lucas)</span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"I Don't Die" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number eight on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot 100.<ref name="BubblingBB"/>}} || — || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"I Don't Die" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number four on the NZ Heatseeker Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=4480|title=NZ Heatseeker Singles Chart|publisher=Recorded Music NZ|date=May 14, 2018|access-date=May 11, 2018|archive-date=2018-05-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180511150035/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=4480|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "[[Undecided (Chris Brown song)|Undecided]]" | rowspan="5"| 2019 | 35 || 15 || 58 || 150 || 94 || 46 || 43 || 15 || 47 || 15 | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * BPI: Gold<ref name="BPI"/> * MC: Gold<ref name="ReferenceA"/> |rowspan="5"| ''[[Indigo (Chris Brown album)|Indigo]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Back to Love (Chris Brown song)|Back to Love]]" | — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Back to Love" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, but peaked at number 16 on the Hot R&B Songs chart.<ref name="Chris Brown Chart History Hot R&B">{{cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/chris-brown/chart-history/bsi/|title= Chris Brown Chart History (Hot R&B Songs)|publisher=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=November 20, 2023}}</ref>}} || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Back to Love" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 12 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref name="NZ Hot April 29">{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4625|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=Recorded Music NZ|date=April 29, 2019|access-date=April 26, 2019|archive-date=2019-05-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190506102747/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles/?chart=4625|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || 82 | |- ! scope="row"| "[[Wobble Up]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring Nicki Minaj and [[G-Eazy]])</span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Wobble Up" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number three on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot 100.<ref name="BubblingBB"/>}} || 46 || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Wobble Up" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 15 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref name="NZ Hot April 29"/>}} || — || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[No Guidance]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Drake (musician)|Drake]])</span> | 5 || 2 || 7 || 118 || 63 || 19 || 36 || 5 || 29 || 6 | * RIAA: Diamond (11× Platinum)<ref name="RIAA"/> * ARIA: 4× Platinum<ref name=ARIA-2020-Singles>{{cite certification|region=Australia|type=single|certyear=2020|access-date=April 25, 2021}}</ref> * BPI: 2× Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="gercerts"/> * IFPI SWI: Gold<ref name="SWIcert"/> * MC: 3× Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=Canada|type=album|artist=Chris Brown|title=No Guidance|access-date=December 20, 2019}}</ref> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=New Zealand|type=single|artist=Chris Brown feat. Drake|title=No Guidance|id=4752|access-date=September 21, 2019}}</ref> * SNEP: Gold<ref>{{cite certification|region=France|artist=Chris Brown|title=No Guidance|access-date=October 15, 2022}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Heat (Chris Brown song)|Heat]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Gunna (rapper)|Gunna]])</span> | 36 || 15 || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Heat" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 11 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref name="NZ Hot July 1">{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4660|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=Recorded Music NZ|date=July 1, 2019|access-date=June 28, 2019|archive-date=2019-06-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190628222909/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4660|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | *RIAA: 4× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> *BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Go Crazy (Chris Brown and Young Thug song)|Go Crazy]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(with [[Young Thug]])</span> | rowspan="2"| 2020 | 3 || 1 || 9 || — || — || 26 || 47 || 2 || 59 || 10 | * RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * ARIA: 2× Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=Australia|type=single|id=2020-11-09|access-date=April 25, 2021}}</ref> * BPI: Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * IFPI SWI: Gold<ref name="SWIcert"/> * MC: 2× Platinum<ref name="ReferenceA"/> * RMNZ: 2× Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=New Zealand|type=single|artist=Chris Brown and Young Thug|title=Go Crazy|id=4967|access-date= November 7, 2020}}</ref> * [[Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique|SNEP]]: Gold<ref>{{cite certification|region=France|type=single|artist=Young Thug|title=Go Crazy|access-date=June 18, 2022}}</ref> | rowspan="2"| ''[[Slime & B]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Say You Love Me"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(with Young Thug)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "[[Iffy (song)|Iffy]]" | rowspan="4"| 2022 | 71 || 25 || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Iffy" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number three on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5270|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=January 24, 2022|access-date=January 22, 2022|archive-date=2022-12-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221226213627/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5270|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || 75 | | rowspan="3"| ''[[Breezy (album)|Breezy]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[WE (Warm Embrace)]]" | 79 || 22 || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"WE (Warm Embrace)" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number four on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5315|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=April 11, 2022|access-date=April 9, 2022|archive-date=2022-04-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408220250/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5315|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Call Me Every Day]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Wizkid]])</span> | 76 || 20 || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Call Me Every Day" did not enter the [[Dutch Single Top 100]], but peaked at number 16 on the Single Tip chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dutchcharts.nl/weekchart.asp?cat=st&date=20220702&year=2022|title=Dutch Single Tip 02/07/2022|website=dutchcharts.nl|language=nl|access-date=July 2, 2022}}</ref>}} || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Call Me Every Day" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 10 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5350|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=June 27, 2022|access-date=June 25, 2022|archive-date=2022-06-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220625025542/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5350|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || 53 | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> * IFPI SWI: Gold<ref name="SWIcert"/> * MC: Gold<ref>{{cite certification|region=Canada|type=single|artist=Chris Brown|title=Call Me Everyday|access-date=June 3, 2023}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Under the Influence (Chris Brown song)|Under the Influence]]" | 12 || 3 || 5 || 20 || 12 || 14 || 24 || 2 || 4 || 7 | * RIAA: 5× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * ARIA: 4× Platinum<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.aria.com.au/charts/hip-hop-r-and-b-singles-chart/2023-08-28|title=ARIA Top 40 HIP HOP/R&B Singles|publisher=ARIA|accessdate=August 26, 2023}}</ref> * BPI: 2× Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="gercerts"/> * IFPI SWI: 2× Platinum<ref name="SWIcert"/> * MC: 3× Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=Canada|type=single|artist=Chris Brown|title=Under The Influence|access-date=December 16, 2023}}</ref> * RMNZ: 3× Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=New Zealand|type=single|artist=Chris Brown|title=Under the Influence|id=5604|access-date=July 1, 2023}}</ref> * SNEP: Diamond<ref>{{cite certification|region=France|artist=Chris Brown|title=Under the Influence|access-date=July 18, 2024}}</ref> |''Indigo'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Summer Too Hot]]" | rowspan="3"| 2023 | 93 || 26 || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Summer Too Hot" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number four on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5604|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=July 3, 2023|access-date=July 1, 2023|archive-date=2023-06-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230630225834/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5604|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | | rowspan="4"| ''[[11:11 (Chris Brown album)|11:11]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Sensational (song)|Sensational]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Davido]] and [[Lojay]])</span> | 71 || 24 || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Sensational" did not enter the Single Top 100, but peaked at number 7 on the Single Tip chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dutchcharts.nl/weekchart.asp?cat=st&date=20231118&year=2023|title=Dutch Single Tip 18/11/2023|website=dutchcharts.nl|language=nl|access-date=January 15, 2024}}</ref>}} || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Sensational" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number two on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5697|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=October 30, 2023|access-date=October 28, 2023|archive-date=2023-10-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231027220708/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5697|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || 45 | |- ! scope="row"| "[[Nightmares (Chris Brown song)|Nightmares]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Byron Messia]])</span> | — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Nightmares" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, but peaked at number 22 on the Hot R&B Songs chart. <ref name="Chris Brown Chart History Hot R&B">{{cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/chris-brown/chart-history/bsi/|title= Chris Brown Chart History (Hot R&B Songs)|publisher=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=November 20, 2023}}</ref>}} || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Nightmares" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 25 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5706|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=November 13, 2023|access-date=November 11, 2023|archive-date=2023-11-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231110211924/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5706|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || 73 | |- ! scope="row"| "[[Residuals (song)|Residuals]]" | 2024 | 69 || 18 || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Residuals" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 15 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref name="NZ Hot April 22"/>}} || — || — | |- | colspan="14" style="font-size:90%" | "—" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not Imetolewa in that territory. |} ===Kama msanii aliyeshirikishwa=== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center" |+ Orodha ya singo kama mwimbaji aliyeshirikishwa, baadhi ya chati, vyeti — zimetolewa na jina la albamu ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:18em;"| Jina ! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Year ! scope="col" colspan="10"| Nafsi za chati iliyoshika ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:12em;"| Vyeti ! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Album |- ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| [[Billboard Hot 100|US]]<br /><ref name="hot100"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|US<br />R&B/<br />HH]]<br /><ref name="billboardr&b"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| [[ARIA Charts|AUS]]<br /><ref name="auschart"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| [[Canadian Hot 100|CAN]]<br /><ref name="Billboard">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/chris-brown/chart-history/can/|title=Chris Brown Chart History: Canadian Hot 100|magazine=Billboard|access-date=February 17, 2021}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| [[GfK Entertainment charts|GER]]<br /><ref name="gerchart"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| [[Irish Singles Chart|IRE]]<br /><ref name="irechart"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| [[Dutch Single Top 100|NLD]]<br /><ref name="nlchart"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| [[Official New Zealand Music Chart|NZ]]<br /><ref name="nzchart"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| [[Swiss Hitparade|SWI]]<br /><ref name="swichart"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| [[UK Singles Chart|UK]]<br /><ref name="ukchart"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Shortie Like Mine]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Bow Wow (rapper)|Bow Wow]] featuring Chris Brown and [[Johntá Austin]])</span> | 2006 | 9 || 2 || 36 || — || — || — || — || 2 || — || — | *RIAA: Gold<ref name=Shortie>{{cite certification|region=United States|title=Shortie Like Mine|access-date=February 16, 2022}}</ref> *RIAA: Platinum {{small|(Mastertone)}}<ref name=Shortie/> *RMNZ: Gold<ref name="nzsinglescert"/> | ''[[The Price of Fame]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Shawty Get Loose]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Lil Mama]] featuring Chris Brown and [[T-Pain]])</span> | rowspan="7"| 2008 | 10 || 43 || 41 || 38 || — || — || — || 3 || — || 57 | *RMNZ: Gold<ref name="nzsinglescert"/> | ''[[VYP (Voice of the Young People)]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Get Like Me (David Banner song)|Get Like Me]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[David Banner]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | 16 || 7 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[The Greatest Story Ever Told (David Banner album)|The Greatest Story Ever Told]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Feel the Steam"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/gb/album/feel-the-steam-feat-chris-brown-single/id280154612|title=Feel the Steam (feat. Chris Brown) – Single by Elephant Man|date=April 14, 2008|website=apple.com}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Elephant Man (musician)|Elephant Man]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Let's Get Physical]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[What Them Girls Like]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Ludacris]] featuring Chris Brown and [[Sean Garrett]])</span> | 33 || 17 || 98 || 53 || — || — || — || — || — || — | *RIAA: Gold<ref>{{cite certification|region=United States|title=What Them Girls Like|access-date=December 5, 2022}}</ref> | ''[[Theater of the Mind]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Make the World Go Round"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Nas]] featuring Chris Brown and [[The Game (rapper)|The Game]])</span> | — || —{{Ref label|note_e1|E}} || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Untitled Nas album|UnJinad]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Freeze (T-Pain song)|Freeze]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(T-Pain featuring Chris Brown)</span> | 38 || 39 || 62 || 45 || — || — || — || 23 || — || 62 | | ''[[Three Ringz|Thr33 Ringz]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Head of My Class"<ref>{{cite magazine|title=R&R: Going For Adds: Urban (Week Of: February 9, 2009)|url=http://gfa.radioandrecords.com/publishGFA/GFANextPage.asp?sDate=02/09/2009&Format=5|magazine=[[Radio & Records]]|access-date=July 12, 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130131230054/http://gfa.radioandrecords.com/publishGFA/GFANextPage.asp?sDate=02/09/2009&Format=5|archive-date=January 31, 2013}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Scooter Smiff featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || —{{Ref label|note_f1|F}} || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | {{N/A|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[Work That!]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Teriyaki Boyz]] featuring [[Pharrell Williams|Pharrell]] and Chris Brown)</span> | rowspan="3"| 2009 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Serious Japanese]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Drop It Low (Ester Dean song)|Drop It Low]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Ester Dean]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | 38 || 33 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[More than a Game (soundtrack)|Music Inspired by More than a Game]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Back to the Crib]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Juelz Santana]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Back to the Crib" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 24 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot 100.<ref name="BubblingBB"/>}} || 60 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | {{N/A|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[Make a Movie]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Twista]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | rowspan="3"| 2010 | 71 || 6 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[The Perfect Storm (album)|The Perfect Storm]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Ain't Thinkin' 'Bout You]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Bow Wow featuring Chris Brown)</span> | —{{Ref label|note_h1|H}} || 51 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''Fan of a Fan'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Get Back Up (T.I. song)|Get Back Up]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[T.I.]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | 70 || 37 || 91 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[No Mercy (T.I. album)|No Mercy]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Champion (Chipmunk song)|Champion]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Chip (rapper)|Chipmunk]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | rowspan="10"| 2011 | — || — || — || — || — || 12 || — || — || — || 2 | *BPI: Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> | ''[[Transition (Chipmunk album)|Transition]]'' and ''[[F.A.M.E. (Chris Brown album)|F.A.M.E.]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[My Last]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Big Sean]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | 30 || 4 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | *RIAA: Platinum<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?artist=Sean,_Big|title=Gold & Platinum > Searchable Database > Big Sean|publisher=Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA)|access-date=April 28, 2012}}</ref> | ''[[Finally Famous (Big Sean album)|Finally Famous]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[One Night Stand (Keri Hilson song)|One Night Stand]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Keri Hilson]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || 19 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[No Boys Allowed]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Best Love Song]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(T-Pain featuring Chris Brown)</span> | 33 || — || 32 || — || — || — || — || — || — || 40 | *ARIA: Gold<ref name=ARIA2011>{{cite certification|region=Australia|certyear=2011|access-date=August 24, 2021}}</ref> | ''[[Revolver (T-Pain album)|Revolver]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Pot of Gold (Game song)|Pot of Gold]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Game featuring Chris Brown)</span> | —{{Ref label|note_i1|I}} || 53 || — || — || — || — || — || — || 72 || 58 | | ''[[The R.E.D. Album]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Body 2 Body]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Ace Hood]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | 65 || 6 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Blood, Sweat & Tears (Ace Hood album)|Blood, Sweat & Tears]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Better with the Lights Off]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[New Boyz]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | 38 || — || 90 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | *RIAA: Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=United States|title=Better with the Lights Off|access-date=February 16, 2022}}</ref> | ''[[Too Cool to Care]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Legendary"<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.fmqb.com/Article.asp?id=69239#2011 |title=Radio Releases – 2011 |magazine=FMQB |access-date=July 14, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110705122717/http://www.fmqb.com/Article.asp?id=69239#2011 |archive-date=July 5, 2011}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[DJ Khaled]] featuring Chris Brown, [[Keyshia Cole]] and [[Ne-Yo]])</span> | — || 100 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[We the Best Forever]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Another Round (Fat Joe song)|Another Round]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Fat Joe]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | 80 || 5 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | *RIAA: Gold<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=fat+joe&ti=another+round|title=Gold & Platinum > Searchable Database > Fat Joe – Another Round|publisher=Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA)|access-date=September 8, 2015}}</ref> | {{N/A|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[International Love]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Pitbull (rapper)|Pitbull]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | 13 || —{{Ref label|note_j1|J}} || 15 || 10 || 21 || 8 || 61 || 7 || 13 || 10 | *RIAA: 4× Platinum<ref name="RIAAFt"/> *ARIA: 3× Platinum<ref name=ARIA2017>{{cite certification|region=Australia|certyear=2017|access-date=August 24, 2021}}</ref> *BPI: Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> *BVMI: Gold<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.musikindustrie.de/gold_platin_datenbank/?action=suche&strTitel=&strInterpret=Pitbull&strTtArt=alle&strAwards=checked |title=German Certifications – Pitbull |language=de |publisher=Bundesverband Musikindustrie (BVMI)|access-date=August 11, 2012}}</ref> *IFPI SWI: Platinum<ref name="SWIcert"/> *MC: 3× Platinum<ref name="MC">{{cite certification|region=Canada|type=single|artist=Pitbull|title=International Love|access-date=August 26, 2017}}</ref> *RMNZ: Platinum<ref name="NZ Top 40 Singles Chart"/> | ''[[Planet Pit]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Birthday Cake (song)#Remix featuring Chris Brown|Birthday Cake]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Rihanna]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | rowspan="9"| 2012 | 24 || 2 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | *RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?artist=Rihanna|title=Gold & Platinum > Searchable Database > Rihanna|publisher=Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA)|access-date=July 14, 2012}}</ref> | ''[[Talk That Talk]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Right by My Side]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Nicki Minaj]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | 51 || 21 || — || — || — || 97 || — || — || — || 70 | *ARIA: Platinum<ref name=ARIA24s/> | ''[[Pink Friday: Roman Reloaded]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Take It to the Head]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(DJ Khaled featuring Chris Brown, [[Rick Ross]], Nicki Minaj and [[Lil Wayne]])</span> | 58 || 6 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | *RIAA: Gold<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&se=DJ+Khaled#search_section|title=Gold & Platinum > Searchable Database > DJ Khaled|publisher=Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA)|access-date=August 26, 2017}}</ref> | ''[[Kiss the Ring]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[I Can Only Imagine (David Guetta song)|I Can Only Imagine]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[David Guetta]] featuring Chris Brown and Lil Wayne)</span> | 44 || — || 47 || 35 || 32 || 18 || 98 || 28 || 15 || 18 | *ARIA: Gold<ref name=ARIA2012>{{cite certification|region=Australia|certyear=2012|access-date=August 24, 2021}}</ref> | ''[[Nothing but the Beat]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Amazing"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/amazing-feat.-chris-brown/id522897380|title=Amazing (feat. Chris Brown) – Single by David Banner|publisher=iTunes Store. Apple|access-date=May 18, 2012}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(David Banner featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Sex, Drugs & Video Games]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Put It Down (Brandy song)|Put It Down]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Brandy Norwood|Brandy]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | 65 || 3 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Two Eleven]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Algo Me Gusta de Ti]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Wisin & Yandel]] featuring Chris Brown and T-Pain)</span> | —{{Ref label|note_k1|K}} || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Líderes]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Celebration (The Game song)|Celebration]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(The Game featuring Chris Brown, [[Tyga]], [[Wiz Khalifa]] and Lil Wayne)</span> | 81 || 24 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Jesus Piece (album)|Jesus Piece]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Everyday Birthday"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/au/album/everyday-birthday-feat.-chris/id574909418|title=Everyday Birthday (feat. Chris Brown & Ludacris) – Single by Swizz Beatz|date=November 2, 2012 |publisher=iTunes Store. Apple|access-date=July 14, 2013}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Swizz Beatz]] featuring Chris Brown and Ludacris)</span> | — || 44 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | rowspan="2" {{N/A|Non-album singles}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[Ready (Fabolous song)|Ready]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Fabolous]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | rowspan="10"| 2013 | 93 || 28 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | *RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAAFt"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[As Your Friend]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Afrojack]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | 88 || — || — || — || 67 || 20 || 40 || — || — || 21 | | ''[[Forget the World (Afrojack album)|Forget the World]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Shots Fired<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Tank (American singer)|Tank]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | {{N/A|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[For the Road]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Tyga featuring Chris Brown)</span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"For the Road" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number fifteen on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot 100.<ref name="BubblingBB"/>}}|| 39 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Hotel California (Tyga album)|Hotel California]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Beat It (Sean Kingston song)|Beat It]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Sean Kingston]] featuring Chris Brown and Wiz Khalifa)</span> | 52 || 17 || 40 || — || — || 63 || — || 25 || — || — | *ARIA: Gold<ref name=ARIA2013>{{cite certification|region=Australia|certyear=2013|access-date=August 24, 2021}}</ref> | ''[[Back 2 Life]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Sweet Serenade]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Pusha T]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Sweet Serenade" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 19 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot 100.<ref name="BubblingBB"/>}} || 44 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[My Name Is My Name]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[It Won't Stop]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Sevyn Streeter]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | 30 || 9 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | *RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAAFt"/> *BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> | ''[[Call Me Crazy, But...]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Show Me (Kid Ink song)|Show Me]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Kid Ink]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | 13 || 4 || 46 || 67 || 36 || — || 84 || 40 || 32 || 23 | *RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref name=RIAAFt/> *ARIA: Platinum<ref name=ARIA2017/> *BPI: Platinum<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.bpi.co.uk/certified-awards/search.aspx | title=Certified Awards | publisher=[[British Phonographic Industry]] | access-date=July 5, 2014 | format=enter "Kid Ink" into the "Keywords" box, then select "Search" | archive-date=May 1, 2013 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130501152215/http://www.bpi.co.uk/certified-awards/search.aspx | url-status=dead }}</ref> *BVMI: Gold<ref name="BVMI">{{cite web | url = http://www.musikindustrie.de/560/ | title = » Statistik » GOLD/PLATIN und DIAMOND AWARD » Verleihungsgrenzen | publisher = [[Bundesverband Musikindustrie]] | language = de | access-date = October 18, 2015 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151018120609/http://www.musikindustrie.de/560/ | archive-date = October 18, 2015}}</ref> *MC: Platinum<ref name="ReferenceA"/> | ''[[My Own Lane]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Rider"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Ace Hood featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Trials & Tribulations (Ace Hood album)|Trials & Tribulations]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Episode"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;>([[E-40]] featuring T.I. and Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[The Block Brochure: Welcome to the Soil 4]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Talkin' Bout"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;>([[Juicy J]] featuring Chris Brown and Wiz Khalifa)</span> |rowspan="8"| 2014 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Stay Trippy]]'' |- !scope="row"| "Memory"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allaccess.com/dance/future-releases |title=Dance/EDM Future Releases |publisher=All Access Music Group |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140219165600/http://www.allaccess.com/dance/future-releases |archive-date=February 19, 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/on-my-way-pt-1-ep/951842864 |title=On My Way, Pt. 1 - EP|access-date=December 4, 2019}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;>([[Asher Monroe]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''On My Way, Pt. 1'' |- !scope="row"| "Put On My Niggas"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;>(Compton Menace featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''The Way It Is'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Main Chick]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Kid Ink featuring Chris Brown)</span> | 60 || 16 || — || — || 99 || — || — || — || — || 69 | *RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAAFt"/> *ARIA: Gold<ref name=ARIA2017/> *BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> *MC: Gold<ref name="ReferenceA"/> | ''My Own Lane'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Hold You Down (DJ Khaled song)|Hold You Down]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;>(DJ Khaled featuring Chris Brown, [[August Alsina]], [[Future (rapper)|Future]] and [[Jeremih]])</span> | 39 || 10 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | *RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAAFt"/> | ''[[I Changed a Lot]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Only (Nicki Minaj song)|Only]]"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/only-feat.-drake-lil-wayne/id934621980 |title=iTunes – Music – Only (feat. Drake, Lil Wayne & Chris Brown) – Single by Nicki Minaj |publisher=iTunes |date=October 28, 2014 |access-date=October 28, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141221210641/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/only-feat.-drake-lil-wayne/id934621980 |archive-date=December 21, 2014 }}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Nicki Minaj featuring [[Drake (musician)|Drake]], Lil Wayne and Chris Brown)</span> | 12 || 1 || 62 || 20 || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Only" did not enter the Single Top 100, but peaked at number 20 on the Single Tip chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dutchcharts.nl/showitem.asp?interpret=Nicki+Minaj+feat%2E+Drake%2C+Lil+Wayne+%26+Chris+Brown&titel=Only&cat=s|title=Dutch Single Tip 22/11/2014|website=dutchcharts.nl|language=nl|access-date=January 15, 2024}}</ref>}} || — || — || 35 | *RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?artist=%22Minaj%2C+Nicki%22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924141708/http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?artist=%22Minaj,+Nicki%22 |url-status=dead |archive-date=September 24, 2015 |title=American certifications – Minaj, Nicki |publisher=[[Recording Industry Association of America]] |access-date=November 10, 2011 }}</ref> *ARIA: 3× Platinum<ref name=ARIA24s/> *BPI: Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=United Kingdom|id=13873-4235-1|title=Only|access-date=May 13, 2023}}</ref> | ''[[The Pinkprint]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Do Not Disturb"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://urbanislandz.com/2014/10/29/listen-teyana-taylor-ft-chris-brown-do-not-disturb/|title=Listen: Teyana Taylor Ft. Chris Brown – Do Not Disturb|work=UrbanIslandz|date=October 29, 2014|access-date=September 4, 2015|first=DJ|last=Nick|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904193511/http://urbanislandz.com/2014/10/29/listen-teyana-taylor-ft-chris-brown-do-not-disturb/|archive-date=September 4, 2015}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;>([[Teyana Taylor]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[VII (Teyana Taylor album)|VII]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Post to Be]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;>([[Omarion]] featuring Chris Brown and [[Jhené Aiko]])</span> | 13 || 5 || 79 || 49 || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Post to Be" did not enter the Single Top 100, but peaked at number 16 on the Single Tip chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dutchcharts.nl/showitem.asp?interpret=Omarion+feat.+Chris+Brown+%26+Jhene+Aiko&titel=Post+to+Be&cat=s|title=Dutch Single Tip|website=dutchcharts.nl|language=nl|access-date=January 15, 2024}}</ref>}} || — || — || 74 | *RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=United States|title=Post to Be|access-date=February 16, 2022}}</ref> *BPI: Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> | ''[[Sex Playlist]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Don't Kill the Fun"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Sevyn Streeter featuring Chris Brown)</span> | rowspan="15"| 2015 | — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Don't Kill the Fun" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, but peaked at number 1 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs.<ref name="BubblingR&B"/>}} || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Shoulda Been There, Pt. 1]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Hotel (Kid Ink song)|Hotel]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Kid Ink featuring Chris Brown)</span> | 96 || 30 || 60 || — || 30 || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Hotel" did not enter the Single Top 100, but peaked at number 21 on the Single Tip chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dutchcharts.nl/weekchart.asp?cat=st&year=2015&date=20150207|title=Dutch Single Tip 07/02/2015|website=dutchcharts.nl|language=nl|access-date=January 15, 2024}}</ref>}} || — || — || 43 | *BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> | ''[[Full Speed (album)|Full Speed]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Private Show (T.I. song)|Private Show]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(T.I. featuring Chris Brown)</span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Private Show" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 18 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot 100.<ref name="BubblingBB"/>}} || 42 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Paperwork (T.I. album)|Paperwork]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[You Changed Me]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Jamie Foxx]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | 93 || 32 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Hollywood: A Story of a Dozen Roses]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Fool Wit It"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/fool-wit-it-feat-chris-brown-single/id972922022|title=Fool Wit It (feat. Chris Brown) – Single by Kid Red|date=March 17, 2015|website=apple.com}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Kid Red featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | {{N/A|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[Fun (Pitbull song)|Fun]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Pitbull featuring Chris Brown)</span> | 40 || — || 59 || 24 || 36 || 59 || 16 || — || 50 || 68 | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAAFt"/> * ARIA: Gold<ref name=ARIA2017/> | ''[[Globalization (album)|Globalization]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Do It Again (Pia Mia song)|Do It Again]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Pia Mia]] featuring Chris Brown and Tyga)</span> | 71 || — || 5 || 70 || — || 52 || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Do It Again" did not enter the Single Top 100, but peaked at number 3 on the Single Tip chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dutchcharts.nl/weekchart.asp?cat=st&date=20150905&year=2015|title=Dutch Single Tip 05/09/2015|access-date=January 15, 2024}}</ref>}} || 10 || — || 8 | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAAFt"/> * ARIA: Platinum<ref name=ARIA2015>{{cite certification|region=Australia|certyear=2015|access-date=August 24, 2021}}</ref> * BPI: 2× Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=United Kingdom|award=Silver|type=single|certyear=2015|access-date=October 9, 2015|id=13435-4086-1}}</ref> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=New Zealand|type=single|id=4150|access-date=October 9, 2015}}</ref> | {{N/A|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[How Many Times (DJ Khaled song)|How Many Times]]"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/how-many-times-feat.-chris/id990747704?i=990747708|title=iTunes – Music – How Many Times (feat. Chris Brown, Lil Wayne, & Big Sean) – Single by DJ Khaled|publisher=iTunes|date=May 12, 2015|access-date=May 12, 2015|archive-date=2018-11-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181126051038/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/how-many-times-feat.-chris/id990747704?i=990747708|url-status=dead}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(DJ Khaled featuring Chris Brown, Lil Wayne and Big Sean)</span> | 68 || 17 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | *RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAAFt"/> | ''I Changed a Lot'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[All Eyes on You]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Meek Mill]] featuring Nicki Minaj and Chris Brown)</span> | 21 || 8 || 51 || 40 || — || 76 || 82 || — || — || 55 | *RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=United States|title=All Eyes on You|access-date=February 16, 2022}}</ref> *BPI: Gold<ref name="BPI"/> | ''[[Dreams Worth More Than Money]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Body on Me (Rita Ora song)|Body on Me]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Rita Ora]] featuring Chris Brown) </span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Body on Me" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 2 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot 100.<ref name="BubblingBB"/>}} || — || 66 || 91 || — || 54 || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Body on Me" did not enter the Single Top 100, but peaked at number 13 on the Single Tip chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dutchcharts.nl/weekchart.asp?cat=st&date=20150912&year=2015|title=Dutch Single Tip 12/09/2015|access-date=January 15, 2024}}</ref>}} || — || — || 22 | *BPI: Gold<ref name="BPI"/> | {{N/A|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[Moses (French Montana song)|Moses]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[French Montana]] featuring Chris Brown and [[Migos]]) </span> | — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Moses" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, but peaked at number 1 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs.<ref name="BubblingR&B"/>}} || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Casino Life 2]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Play No Games (Big Sean song)|Play No Games]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Big Sean featuring Chris Brown and [[Ty Dolla Sign|Ty Dolla $ign]])</span> | 84 || 28 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | *RIAA: Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=United States|title=Play No Games|access-date=February 16, 2022}}</ref> | ''[[Dark Sky Paradise]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Player (song)|Player]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Tinashe]] featuring Chris Brown) </span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Player" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number three on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart.<ref name="Bubbling"/>}} || 39 || 90 || — || — || — || — || — || — || 85 | *ARIA: Gold<ref name=ARIA2018/> | {{N/A|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[Sorry (Rick Ross song)|Sorry]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Rick Ross]] featuring Chris Brown) </span> | 97 || 32 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | *RIAA: Gold<ref>{{cite certification|region=United States|title=Sorry|artist=Rick Ross|access-date=February 16, 2022}}</ref> | ''[[Black Market (Rick Ross album)|Black Market]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Gold Slugs]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(DJ Khaled featuring Chris Brown, August Alsina and [[Fetty Wap]])</span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Gold Slugs" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 19 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot 100.<ref name="BubblingBB"/>}} || 49 || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Gold Slugs" did not enter the Single Top 100, but peaked at number 26 on the Single Tip chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dutchcharts.nl/weekchart.asp?cat=st&year=2015&date=20151031|title=Dutch Single Tip 31/10/2015|access-date=January 15, 2024}}</ref>}} || — || — || 121 | *RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAAFt"/> * ARIA: Gold<ref name=ARIA22s>{{cite certification|region=Australia|certyear=2022|type=single|access-date=December 5, 2022}}</ref> | ''I Changed a Lot'' |- ! scope="row"| "#BDAY"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Tank (American singer)|Tank]] featuring Chris Brown, [[Siya]] and [[Sage the Gemini]]) </span> |rowspan="12"| 2016 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Sex Love & Pain II]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Something New (Zendaya song)|Something New]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Zendaya]] featuring Chris Brown) </span> | 93 || 27 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | {{N/A|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[Drifting (G-Eazy song)|Drifting]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[G-Eazy]] featuring Chris Brown and [[Tory Lanez]]) </span> | 98 || 33 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | *RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAAFt"/> *MC: Gold<ref name="ReferenceA"/> | ''[[When It's Dark Out]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Bounce"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/gb/album/bounce-feat-chris-brown-migos-single/id1114210042|title=Bounce (feat. Chris Brown & Migos) – Single by Kid Red|date=May 13, 2016|website=apple.com}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Kid Red featuring Chris Brown and Migos) </span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''Guilty by Association'' |- ! scope="row"| "Call Me When It's Over"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Rockie Fresh]] featuring Chris Brown) </span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''The Night I Went To...'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Wishing (DJ Drama song)|Wishing]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[DJ Drama]] featuring Chris Brown, [[Skeme]] and LyQuin) </span> | 77 || 29 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | *RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAAFt"/> | ''[[Quality Street Music 2]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[I'm the Man (50 Cent song)#Remix|I'm the Man (Remix)]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[50 Cent]] featuring Chris Brown) </span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"I'm the Man" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 10 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot 100.<ref name="BubblingBB"/>}} || 46 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=United States|title=I'm the Man|artist=50 Cent|access-date=January 21, 2023}}</ref> | rowspan="2" {{N/A|Non-album singles}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[No Romeo No Juliet]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(50 Cent featuring Chris Brown) </span> | — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"No Romeo No Juliet" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, but peaked at number 5 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs.<ref name="BubblingR&B"/>}} || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — |- ! scope="row"| "Trap Out The Uber"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/it/album/trap-out-uber-feat.-chris/id1114892222|title=Trap out the Uber (feat. Chris Brown) – Single di Bricc Baby|date=May 17, 2016|website=apple.com}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Bricc Baby featuring Chris Brown) </span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''Nasty Dealer 2'' |- ! scope="row"| "Leave Broke"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/gb/album/leave-broke-feat-chris-brown-single/id1135369884|title=Leave Broke (feat. Chris Brown) – Single by Famous Fresh|date=July 15, 2016|website=apple.com}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Famous Fresh featuring Chris Brown) </span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | {{N/A|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[Do You Mind (DJ Khaled song)|Do You Mind]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(DJ Khaled featuring Nicki Minaj, Chris Brown, August Alsina, Jeremih, Future and Rick Ross) </span> | 27 || 9 || 65 || 93 || — || — || — || — || — || 197 | *RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=United States|title=Do You Mind|access-date=February 16, 2022}}</ref> *ARIA: 2× Platinum<ref name=ARIA22s/> *BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> *MC: Gold<ref name="ReferenceA"/> | ''[[Major Key (album)|Major Key]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Famous"<ref name="Smoke Cloud TMG & OHB">{{cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/smoke-cloud-tmg-ohb/1181535079|title=Smoke Cloud TMG & OHB|work=iTunes Store|access-date=November 30, 2016|archive-date=August 3, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803103500/https://music.apple.com/us/album/smoke-cloud-tmg-ohb/1181535079|url-status=dead}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Ray J]] featuring Chris Brown) </span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''Smoke Cloud TMG & OHB'' and ''Burn My Name'' |- ! scope="row"| "I Think of You"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Jeremih featuring Chris Brown and Big Sean) </span> |rowspan="12"| 2017 | — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"I Think of You" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, but peaked at number 5 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs.<ref name="BubblingR&B"/>}} || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"I Think of You" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 4 on the NZ Heatseeker Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=4334|title=NZ Heatseeker Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=February 13, 2017|access-date=February 10, 2017|archive-date=2017-04-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170407051819/http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=4334|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | | {{N/A|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "Bruk Off Yuh Back"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/bruk-off-yuh-back-single/id1217967495|title=Bruk Off Yuh Back – Single by Konshens & Chris Brown|date=March 21, 2017|website=apple.com}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Konshens]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''It Feel Good'' |- ! scope="row"| "Jiu Jitsu"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/jiu-jitsu-feat-chris-brown-single/id1226069343|title=Jiu Jitsu (feat. Chris Brown) – Single by OneInThe4Rest|date=April 21, 2017|website=apple.com|accessdate=2024-11-15|archive-date=2018-06-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622194730/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/jiu-jitsu-feat-chris-brown-single/id1226069343|url-status=dead}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(OneInThe4Rest featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Jiu Jitsu" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, but peaked at number 12 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs.<ref name="BubblingR&B"/>}} || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | {{N/A|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[Whatever You Need (Meek Mill song)|Whatever You Need]]"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/hip-hop/7817315/meek-mill-whatever-you-want-new-song-listen|title=Meek Mill Taps Chris Brown & Ty Dolla $ign for 'Whatever You Want'|website=billboard.com}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Meek Mill featuring Chris Brown and Ty Dolla $ign)</span> | 51 || 20 || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Whatever You Need" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 6 on the NZ Heatseeker Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=4371|title=NZ Heatseeker Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|access-date=February 13, 2018|archive-date=2021-10-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028175128/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=4371|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | *RIAA: Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=United States|title=Whatever You Need|access-date=February 16, 2022}}</ref> | ''[[Wins & Losses]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[African Bad Gyal]]"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rap-up.com/2017/06/08/new-music-wizkid-chris-brown-african-bad-gyal/|title=New Music: WizKid feat. Chris Brown – 'African Bad Gyal'|website=rap-up.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231004235644/https://www.rap-up.com/2017/06/08/new-music-wizkid-chris-brown-african-bad-gyal/|archivedate=2023-10-04|accessdate=2024-11-15|url-status=dead}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;" >([[Wizkid]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || 144 | | ''[[Sounds from the Other Side]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Tone It Down]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Gucci Mane]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Tone It Down" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 16 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart.<ref name="Bubbling">{{cite magazine|url=http://www.billboard.com/biz/search/charts?f%5B0%5D=ts_chart_artistname%3AChris+Brown&f%5B1%5D=itm_field_chart_id%3A344&f%5B2%5D=ss_bb_type%3Achart_item&type=2&artist=Chris+Brown|title=Chris Brown – Chart history (Bubbling Under Hot 100)|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=September 12, 2017}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>}} || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Tone It Down" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, but peaked at number 2 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs.<ref name="BubblingR&B"/>}} || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | *RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAAFt"/> | ''[[Mr. Davis]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Pie (song)|Pie]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Future featuring Chris Brown)</span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Pie" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number two on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart.<ref name="Bubbling"/>}} || 48 || — || 78 || — || — || — || — || — || 92 | *RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAAFt"/> *MC: Gold<ref name="ReferenceA"/> | ''[[Hndrxx]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Post & Delete"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Zoey Dollaz featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''M'ap Boule'' |- ! scope="row"| "Perfect"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Dave East]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | *RIAA: Gold<ref>{{cite certification|region=United States|title=Perfect|artist=Dave East|access-date=February 16, 2022}}</ref> | ''[[Paranoia: A True Story]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Always"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rap-up.com/2017/07/27/new-music-a1-chris-brown-ty-dolla-sign-always/|title=New Music: A1 feat. Chris Brown and Ty Dolla $ign – 'Always'|website=rap-up.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170728014500/http://www.rap-up.com/2017/07/27/new-music-a1-chris-brown-ty-dolla-sign-always/|archivedate=2017-07-28|accessdate=2024-11-15|url-status=dead}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Floyd Bentley|A1]] featuring Chris Brown and Ty Dolla $ign)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | {{N/A|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[Either Way (K. Michelle song)|Either Way]]"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/k-michelle-and-chris-brown-team-up-for-either-way-new-song.1975624.html|title=K. Michelle & Chris Brown Team Up For "Either Way"|website=hotnewhiphop.com|date=September 8, 2017|accessdate=2024-11-15|archive-date=2022-08-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220824172158/https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/k-michelle-and-chris-brown-team-up-for-either-way-new-song.1975624.html|url-status=dead }}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[K. Michelle]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Kimberly: The People I Used to Know]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Left, Right"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Casanova (rapper)|Casanova]] featuring Chris Brown and Fabolous)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''Commissary'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Melanin Magic]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Remy Ma]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> |rowspan="9"| 2018 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | rowspan="9" {{N/A|Non-album singles}} |- ! scope="row"| "Love You Better"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(King Combs featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "[[Freaky Friday (song)|Freaky Friday]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Lil Dicky]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | 8 || 5 || 4 || 10 || 21 || 3 || 28 || 1 || 33 || 1 | * RIAA: 5× Platinum<ref name="RIAAFt"/> * ARIA: 3× Platinum<ref name=ARIA2021>{{cite certification|region=Australia|certyear=2021|access-date=August 24, 2021}}</ref> * BPI: 2× Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: Gold<ref>{{cite certification|region=Germany|artist=Lil Dicky|title=Freaky Friday|type=single|access-date=January 23, 2021}}</ref> * MC: 3× Platinum<ref name="ReferenceA"/> * [[NVPI]]: Platinum<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nvpi.nl/nvpi-audio/marktinformatie/goud-platina/|title=Freaky Friday|publisher=[[NVPI]]|format=Enter Freaky Friday in the "Artiest of titel" box.|access-date=November 12, 2020|archive-date=December 3, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191203124722/https://nvpi.nl/nvpi-audio/marktinformatie/goud-platina/|url-status=dead}}</ref> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=New Zealand|type=single|artist=Lil Dicky feat. Chris Brown|title=Freaky Friday|id=4482|access-date=May 18, 2018}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "Date Night (Same Time)"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Kirko Bangz]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "[[Attention (Fat Joe song)|Attention]]"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/au/album/attention-single/1414637254|title=Attention – Single by Fat Joe, Chris Brown & Dre on iTunes|work=iTunes Store (AU)|date=July 24, 2018 |access-date=July 27, 2018}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Fat Joe and [[Cool & Dre|Dre]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Overdose"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Agnez Mo]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Fairytale"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(with Skye)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Buss It"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Sage the Gemini featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Buss It" did not enter the [[Official New Zealand Music Chart|NZ Top 40 Singles Chart]], but peaked at number 40 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4521|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=September 10, 2018|access-date=September 7, 2018|archive-date=2018-09-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180907110326/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4521|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Flight to Memphis"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Smooky MarGielaa featuring Chris Brown, Juicy J and A$AP Rocky)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Flight to Memphis" did not enter the NZ Top 32 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 34 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4570|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=December 17, 2018|access-date=December 14, 2023|archive-date=2020-11-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108001410/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4570|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Must Be"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Rockie Fresh featuring Chris Brown)</span> |rowspan="11"| 2019 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''Destination'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Chi Chi (Trey Songz song)|Chi Chi]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Trey Songz]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Chi Chi" did not enter the US ''Billboard'' Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at #17 on the Billboard Hot R&B chart.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/trey-songz/|title=Trey Songz|website=Billboard.com|access-date=January 20, 2022}}</ref>}} || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Chi Chi" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 9 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4596|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=Recorded Music NZ|date=February 18, 2019|access-date=June 14, 2019|archive-date=2019-02-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190215103020/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4596|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | | {{N/A|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "Type a Way"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Eric Bellinger]] featuring Chris Brown and [[OG Parker]])</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Type a Way" did not enter the NZ Top 32 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 27 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4604|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=March 4, 2019|access-date=December 14, 2023|archive-date=2019-03-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190301140348/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4604|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | | ''The Rebirth 2'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Light It Up (Marshmello, Tyga and Chris Brown song)|Light It Up]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(with [[Marshmello]] and Tyga)</span> | 90 || 35 || 60 || 75 || 77 || 63 || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Light It Up" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 4 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4628|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=Recorded Music NZ|date=May 6, 2019|access-date=December 14, 2023|archive-date=2019-05-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190503050355/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4628|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || 78 || 55 | *MC: Gold<ref>{{cite certification|region=Canada|type=album|artist=Chris Brown|title=Light It Up|access-date=May 8, 2020}}</ref> | rowspan="2" {{N/A|Non-album singles}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[Easy (DaniLeigh song)|Easy (Remix)]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[DaniLeigh]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | 79 || 34 || 84 || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Easy (Remix)" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 11 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4654|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=Recorded Music NZ|date=June 17, 2019|access-date=June 14, 2019|archive-date=2019-06-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190621061335/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4654|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | *RIAA: 4× Platinum<ref name="RIAAFt"/> *BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> *MC: Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=Canada|type=single|artist=DaniLeigh|title=Easy|access-date=May 5, 2023}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Haute (song)|Haute]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Tyga featuring [[J Balvin]] and Chris Brown)</span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Haute" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 1 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot 100.<ref name="Bubbling"/>}} || 42 || 50 || 55 || — || 78 || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Haute" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 6 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref name="NZ Hot Singles Chart">{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4652|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=Recorded Music NZ|date=June 17, 2019|access-date=June 14, 2019|archive-date=2019-06-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616065120/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4652|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || 23 || 66 | | ''[[Legendary (Tyga album)|Legendary]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[G Walk]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Lil Mosey]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"G Walk" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 24 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref name="NZ Hot Singles Chart"/>}} || — || — | | ''[[Certified Hitmaker]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Restroom Occupied]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Yella Beezy]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Restroom Occupied" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number nine on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot 100.<ref name="Bubbling"/>}} || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Restroom Occupied" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, but peaked at number 1 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs.<ref name="BubblingR&B"/>}} || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''Baccend Beezy'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Blow My Mind]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(with [[Davido]])</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Blow My Mind" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 27 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref name="NZ Hot 40">{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4730|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=August 5, 2019|access-date=December 14, 2023|archive-date=2021-07-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210708035347/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4730|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | * MC: Gold<ref>{{cite certification|region=Canada|type=single|artist=Davido|title=Blow My Mind|access-date=February 14, 2023}}</ref> | ''[[A Good Time]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Did You?"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(4B featuring Chris Brown)</span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Did You" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 36 on the [[Dance/Electronic Songs]].<ref name="billboard.com">{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/chris-brown/chart-history/dan/|title = Chris Brown|magazine = [[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]}}</ref>}} || — || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Did You" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 31 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref name="nztop40.co.nz">{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4784|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=December 2, 2019|access-date=November 30, 2019|archive-date=2020-10-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029014538/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4784|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | | rowspan="2" {{N/A|Non-album singles}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[Something Real (Summer Walker song)|Something Real]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(with [[Summer Walker]] and [[London on da Track]])</span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Something Real" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number twenty on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot 100.<ref name="Bubbling"/>}} || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Something Real" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, but peaked at number 7 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs.<ref name="BubblingR&B"/>}} || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Something Real" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 17 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref name="nztop40.co.nz"/>}} || — || 99 | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAAFt"/> |- ! scope="row"| "Out of Your Mind"<ref name="out-of">{{cite web |title=Top 40 Rhythmic Future Releases |url=https://www.allaccess.com/top40-rhythmic/future-releases |website=All Access Music Group |access-date=January 16, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200116143231/https://www.allaccess.com/top40-rhythmic/future-releases |archive-date=January 16, 2020}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(French Montana and [[Swae Lee]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> |rowspan="4"| 2020 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Out of Your Mind" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 20 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4792|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=December 16, 2019|access-date=December 14, 2023|archive-date=2020-02-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200202131931/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4792|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | | ''[[Montana (album)|Montana]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Wake Up Dead"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(T-Pain featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Wake Up Dead" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 28 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4797|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=May 1, 2020|access-date=May 1, 2020|archive-date=2020-11-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129124939/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4797|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | | rowspan="3" {{N/A|Non-album singles}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[Put In Work]]"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/put-in-work-single/1523924383/|title=Put in Work - Single by Jacquees & Chris Brown|date=July 24, 2020}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;>([[Jacquees]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Put In Work" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 16 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4909|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=August 1, 2020|access-date=August 1, 2020|archive-date=2020-09-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200917141650/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4909|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Back to You"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;>([[O.T. Genasis]] featuring Chris Brown and [[Charlie Wilson (singer)|Charlie Wilson]])</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Back to You" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 13 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4957|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=August 1, 2020|access-date=October 26, 2020|archive-date=2020-10-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026030050/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4957|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "[[Provide (song)|Provide]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;>(G-Eazy featuring Chris Brown and [[Mark Morrison]])</span> | rowspan="14" |2021 | 64 || 24 || 52 || 90 || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Provide" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number three on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5023|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=February 15, 2021|access-date=February 13, 2021|archive-date=2021-02-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213062943/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5023|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || 98 | | ''[[These Things Happen Too]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Rolls Royce Umbrella"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;>(Clever featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''Crazy'' |- ! scope="row"| "Guilty"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;>(Sevyn Streeter featuring Chris Brown and [[ASAP Ferg|A$AP Ferg]])</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Guilty" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number eighteen on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5026|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=February 13, 2021|access-date=February 28, 2021|archive-date=2021-03-03|archive-url=https://archive.today/20210303222340/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5026|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | | ''Drunken Wordz Sober Thoughtz'' |- ! scope="row"| "Feels"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;>(Tory Lanez featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Feels" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number twelve on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5029|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=February 28, 2021|access-date=February 28, 2021|archive-date=2021-04-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414234504/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5029|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | | ''Playboy'' |- ! scope="row"| "Baby"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;>(Sage the Gemini featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | {{N/A|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[Already Best Friends]]"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.allaccess.com/urban/future-releases|title=Urban/R&B Future Releases|work=All Access|access-date=March 24, 2021|archive-date=2022-06-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220623152410/https://www.allaccess.com/urban/future-releases|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />{{small|([[Jack Harlow]] featuring Chris Brown)}} | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Already Best Friends" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 19 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot 100.<ref name="BubblingBB"/>}} || — || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Already Best Friends" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 16 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.{{ citation needed|date=March 2021}} }} || — || — | *RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAAFt"/> *MC: Gold<ref>{{cite certification|region=Canada|type=single|artist=Jack Harlow|title=Already Best Friends|access-date=November 20, 2021}}</ref> *BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> | ''[[Thats What They All Say]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Come Through (H.E.R. song)|Come Through]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;>([[H.E.R.]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | 64 || 23 || 96 || 91 || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Come Through" did not enter the Single Top 100, but peaked at number 8 on the Single Tip chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dutchcharts.nl/weekchart.asp?cat=st&year=2021&date=20210501|title=Dutch Single Tip 01/05/2021|access-date=January 15, 2024}}</ref>}} || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Come Through" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number three on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5058|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=May 3, 2021|access-date=May 1, 2021|archive-date=2021-10-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028133559/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5058|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || 75 | *RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAAFt"/> | ''[[Back of My Mind (H.E.R. album)|Back of My Mind]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Rain Down"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;>(with OG Parker and [[PnB Rock]] featuring Latto and [[Layton Greene]])</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''Moments'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Baddest (song)|Baddest]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;>([[Yung Bleu]] featuring Chris Brown and 2 Chainz)</span> | 56 || 17 || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Baddest" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 38 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5095|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=June 21, 2021|access-date=June 19, 2021|archive-date=2021-06-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210620074334/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5095|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | *RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAAFt">{{cite certification|region=United States|title=Chris Brown|access-date=February 16, 2022}}</ref> | ''[[Moon Boy (Yung Bleu album)|Moon Boy]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Angles (song)|Angles]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;>(Wale featuring Chris Brown)</span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Angles" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number six on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot 100.<ref name="BubblingBB"/>}} || 44 || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Angles" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 10 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5103|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=June 28, 2021|access-date=June 26, 2021|archive-date=2021-06-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625221445/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5103|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | | ''[[Folarin 2]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Woo Baby]]"<br />{{small|([[Pop Smoke]] featuring Chris Brown)}} | 64 || 22 || 24 || 31 || — || — || 58 || 22 || 41 || 54 | *BPI: Silver<ref>{{cite certification|region=United Kingdom|id=18996-6363-1|title=Woo Baby|access-date=May 20, 2023}}</ref> | ''[[Faith (Pop Smoke album)|Faith]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Nostálgico]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;>(with [[Rvssian]] and [[Rauw Alejandro]])</span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Nostálgico" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 23 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot 100.<ref name="BubblingBB"/>}} || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Nostálgico" did not enter the Single Top 100, but peaked at number 21 on the Single Tip chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dutchcharts.nl/weekchart.asp?cat=st&year=2021&date=20210918|title=Dutch Single Tip 18/09/2021|access-date=January 15, 2024}}</ref>}} || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Nostálgico" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 34 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5205|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=June 28, 2021|access-date=September 17, 2021|archive-date=2021-09-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917231849/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5205|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || 69 || — | *RIAA: 5× Platinum {{small|([[RIAA certification#Spanish|Latin]])}}<ref name="RIAA"/> | rowspan="6" {{N/A|Non-album singles}} |- ! scope="row"|"Get Back"<ref>{{cite tweet|number=1453439358288031745|user=OHYESMARIO|title=This Friday 10/29 @chrisbrown|url=https://twitter.com/OHYESMARIO/status/1453439358288031745|date=October 27, 2021|access-date=October 27, 2021}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(with [[Mario (singer)|Mario]])</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Get Back" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 11 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5228|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=November 8, 2021|access-date=November 6, 2021|archive-date=2021-11-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211105210458/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5228|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | |- ! scope="row"|"Goodbye"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(with No Limit, [[Dadju]] and [[Skread]])</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Monalisa" (Remix)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.allaccess.com/top40-rhythmic/future-releases|title=Top 40/Rhythmic Future Releases|website=All Access|access-date=May 26, 2022|archive-date=2021-06-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210603224650/https://www.allaccess.com/top40-rhythmic/future-releases|url-status=dead}}</ref><br>{{small|([[Lojay]] and [[Sarz]] featuring Chris Brown)}} | rowspan="3" |2022 | — || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Sensational" did not enter the Single Top 100, but peaked at number 4 on the Single Tip chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dutchcharts.nl/showitem.asp?interpret=Lojay+x+Sarz+x+Chris+Brown&titel=Monalisa&cat=s|title=Dutch Single Tip|website=dutchcharts.nl|language=nl|access-date=January 15, 2024}}</ref>}} || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Monalisa" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 30 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5337|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=May 30, 2022|access-date=May 28, 2022|archive-date=2022-05-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220527224828/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5337|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || 99<br><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=LOJAY & SARZ {{!}} full Official Chart History {{!}} Official Charts Company |url=https://www.officialcharts.com/artist/60804/lojay-and-sarz/ |access-date=June 22, 2022 |website=www.officialcharts.com}}</ref> | *BPI: Gold<ref name="BPI"/> *MC: Gold<ref>{{cite certification|region=Canada|type=single|artist=Lojay X Sarz|title=Monalisa|access-date=April 2, 2023}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"|"Ocean Drive"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Sean Kingston featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"|"[[Nasty (Tyga and Chris Brown song)|Nasty]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Tyga featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Nasty" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number six on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5474|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=December 26, 2022|access-date=December 24, 2022|archive-date=2022-12-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221224012502/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5474|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | |- ! scope="row"|"Do You Mind"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Vedo featuring Chris Brown)</span> | rowspan="6"| 2023 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Do You Mind" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number seven on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5487|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=January 16, 2023|access-date=January 14, 2023|archive-date=2023-01-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230114000708/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5487|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | | ''Mood Swings'' |- ! scope="row"|"See Through Love"<ref>{{cite web | url=https://ratedrnb.com/2023/03/tank-chris-brown-see-through-love-hits-top-10-on-billboard-adult-r-and-b-airplay-chart/ | title=Tank, Chris Brown's 'See Through Love' Enters Top 10 on Billboard's Adult R&B Airplay Chart | date=March 21, 2023 }}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Tank featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |''[[R&B Money]]'' |- ! scope="row"|"[[How Does It Feel (Chlöe song)|How Does It Feel]]"<ref>{{cite tweet|user=ChloeBailey|number=1626266062881796096|title=2ND PIECE. HOW DOES IT FEEL @chrisbrown. 2/24 🫀|date=February 16, 2023|access-date=February 16, 2023}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Chloe Bailey|Chlöe]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"How Does It Feel" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 10 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot 100.<ref name="BubblingBB"/>}} || 47 || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"How Does It Feel" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number five on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5515|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=March 6, 2023|access-date=March 8, 2023|archive-date=2023-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230303211938/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5515|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | |''[[In Pieces (Chlöe album)|In Pieces]]'' |- ! scope="row"|"Don't Give It Away"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Fridayy]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Don't Give It Away" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 11 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5593|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=June 12, 2023|access-date=June 10, 2023|archive-date=2023-06-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610041308/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5593|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | | ''Fridayy'' |- ! scope="row"|"[[How We Roll (Ciara and Chris Brown song)|How We Roll]]"<br><span style="font-size:85%;">(with [[Ciara]])</span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"How We Roll" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number five on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot 100.<ref name="BubblingBB"/>}} || 34 || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"How We Roll" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number two on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5638|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=August 14, 2023|access-date=August 19, 2023|archive-date=2023-08-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230811222705/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5638|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"How We Roll" did not enter the UK Top 100 but debuted and peaked at number 21 on the UK Singles Downloads Chart on August 11, 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.officialcharts.com/charts/singles-downloads-chart/20230811/7000/|title=Official Singles Downloads Chart on 11/8/2023 - 11 August 2023 - 17 August 2023|website=Official Charts|date=August 11, 2023|access-date=August 19, 2023}}</ref>}} | *RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAAFt"/> | ''[[CiCi]]'' |- ! scope="row"|"[[IDGAF (Tee Grizzley song)|IDGAF]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Tee Grizzley featuring Chris Brown and [[Mariah the Scientist]])</span> | 98 || 30 || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"IDGAF" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number nine on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5665|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=September 18, 2023|access-date=September 16, 2023|archive-date=2023-09-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918072307/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5665|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | | ''[[Tee's Coney Island]]'' |- ! scope="row" | "[[FTCU (song)|FTCU]]" (SleezeMix)<br />{{small|(Nicki Minaj featuring [[Travis Scott]], Chris Brown and [[Sexyy Red]])}} | rowspan="5" | 2024 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"FTCU" (SleezeMix) did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 20 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5799|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=April 29, 2024|access-date=April 26, 2024|archive-date=2024-04-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426045400/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5799|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | | {{Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[Wake Up (SkyLar Blatt song)|Wake Up]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Skylar Blatt featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Wake Up" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number six on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5801|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=May 6, 2024|access-date=May 3, 2024|archive-date=2024-05-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240503150232/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5801|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | | rowspan="4" {{TBA}} |- ! scope="row"| "UnLonely"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[J. Valentine]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"UnLonely" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 17 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5804|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=May 13, 2024|access-date=May 10, 2024|archive-date=2024-05-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240510053605/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5804|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "[[Wait on It]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Jeremih featuring Bryson Tiller and Chris Brown)</span> | — || 48 || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Wait on It" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number four on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5831|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=July 8, 2024|access-date=July 5, 2024|archive-date=2024-07-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240722083149/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5831|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Lightning"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Kristii featuring Chris Brown and O.T. Genasis)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- | colspan="14" style="font-size:90%" | "—" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not Imetolewa in that territory. |} ===Singo za matangazo=== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+ Orodha ya singo za kibishara/matangazo, baadhi ya chati, vyeti — zimetolewa na jina la albamu ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:19em;"| Jina ! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Year ! scope="col" colspan="7"| Nafsi za chati iliyoshika ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:12em;"| [[List of music recording certifications|Vyeti]] ! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Album |- ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| [[Billboard Hot 100|US]]<br /><ref name="hot100"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|US<br />R&B/<br />HH]]<br /><ref name="billboardr&b"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| [[Canadian Hot 100|CAN]]<br /><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/chris-brown/chart-history/can/|title=Chris Brown Chart History (Canadian Hot 100)|magazine=Billboard|access-date=October 24, 2017}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| [[Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique|FRA]]<br /> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| [[Official New Zealand Music Chart|NZ]]<br /><ref name="nzchart"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| [[Swiss Hitparade|SWI]]<br /><ref name="swichart"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| [[UK Singles Chart|UK]]<br /><ref name="ukchart"/> |- ! scope="row"| "I May Never Find"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/gb/album/i-may-never-find-single/id463256837|title=I May Never Find – Single by Chris Brown|date=January 27, 2006|website=apple.com|accessdate=2024-11-15|archive-date=2018-06-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622193316/https://itunes.apple.com/gb/album/i-may-never-find-single/id463256837|url-status=dead}}</ref> | 2006 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | {{N/A|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[Dreamer (Chris Brown song)|Dreamer]]" | 2008 | 16 || — || — || — || 26 || — || — | | [[AT&T TEAM USA Soundtrack|''AT&T TEAM USA'' soundtrack]] |- ! scope="row"| "[[Sing Like Me]]" | 2009 | — || 84 || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Graffiti (Chris Brown album)|Graffiti]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Long Gone"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Nelly]] featuring [[Plies (rapper)|Plies]] and Chris Brown)</span> | 2010 | —{{Ref label|note_l1|L}} || —{{Ref label|note_l1|L}} || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[5.0]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Why Stop Now (Busta Rhymes song)|Why Stop Now]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Busta Rhymes]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> |2011 | — || 79 || — || — || — || — || — | | rowspan="1" {{N/A|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "Oh Yeah"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/oh-yeah-feat.-snoop-dogg-2/id533466962|title=Oh Yeah (Rarities & B-Sides) feat. Snoop Dogg and 2 Chainz – Single|publisher=iTunes Store. Apple|access-date=June 13, 2012|archive-date=2018-11-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181103091819/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/oh-yeah-feat.-snoop-dogg-2/id533466962|url-status=dead}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Snoop Dogg]] and [[2 Chainz]])</span> | rowspan="3"| 2012 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | rowspan="3"| ''Rarities & B-Sides'' and ''[[Fortune (Chris Brown album)|Fortune]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Calypso"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/calypso-rarities-b-sides-single/id534763806|title=Calypso (Rarities & B-Sides) – Single|publisher=iTunes Store|access-date=June 21, 2012|archive-date=2018-11-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181126092607/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/calypso-rarities-b-sides-single/id534763806|url-status=dead}}</ref> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Get Down"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/get-down-rarities-b-sides/id537593977?i=537593982|title=Get Down (Rarities & B-Sides) – Single|publisher=iTunes Store|access-date=June 27, 2012|archive-date=2018-11-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181126051032/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/get-down-rarities-b-sides/id537593977?i=537593982|url-status=dead}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[T-Pain]] and [[B.o.B]])</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Remember Me"<br />{{small|(with [[Tyga]])}} | rowspan="4"| 2015 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Fan of a Fan: The Album]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Been Around the World"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[August Alsina]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[This Thing Called Life]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Wrist (Chris Brown song)|Wrist]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring Solo Lucci)</span> | —{{Ref label|note_x1|X}} || 46 || — || — || — || — || — | *RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> | rowspan="2"| ''[[Royalty (Chris Brown album)|Royalty]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Anyway (Chris Brown song)|Anyway]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Tayla Parx]])</span> | —{{Ref label|note_w1|W}} || — || — || — || — || — || — |- ! scope="row"| "Welcome to My Life"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring Cal Scruby)</span> | rowspan="8"| 2017 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Welcome to My Life (documentary)|Welcome to My Life]]'' soundtrack |- ! scope="row"| "Hello Ego"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Jhené Aiko featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Trip (Jhené Aiko album)|Trip]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[High End]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Future (rapper)|Future]] and [[Young Thug]])</span> | 82 || 32 || 57 || 93 || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"High End" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number five on the NZ Heatseeker Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=4412|title=NZ Heatseeker Singles Chart|publisher=Recorded Music NZ|date=October 23, 2017|access-date=October 20, 2017|archive-date=2017-10-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171020084048/http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=4412|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || 78 || 71 | *RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> | rowspan="6"| ''[[Heartbreak on a Full Moon]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Confidence" | — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Confidence" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number five on the NZ Heatseeker Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=4413|title=NZ Heatseeker Singles Chart|publisher=Recorded Music NZ|date=October 30, 2017|access-date=October 27, 2017|archive-date=2017-10-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171027131548/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=4413|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Only 4 Me"<br />{{small|(featuring Ty Dolla $ign and [[Verse Simmonds]])}} | — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Everybody Knows" | — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Everybody Knows" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number five on the NZ Heatseeker Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=4414|title=NZ Heatseeker Singles Chart|publisher=Recorded Music NZ|date=November 6, 2017|access-date=November 3, 2017|archive-date=2018-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180304102846/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=4414|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "[[Hope You Do]]" | — || — || — || — || — || — || — | *RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "Pull Up" | — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "[[Whatchamacallit (Ella Mai song)|Whatchamacallit]]"<br />{{small|([[Ella Mai]] featuring Chris Brown)}} | 2018 | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Whatchamacallit" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 3 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart.<ref name="Bubbling"/>}} || — || — || — || 21 || — || 84 | *RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> *ARIA: Platinum<ref name=ARIA23s>{{cite certification|region=Australia|certyear=2023|type=single|access-date=August 26, 2023}}</ref> * BPI: Silver<ref name=BPI/> | ''[[Ella Mai (album)|Ella Mai]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Just Let Go"<br />{{small|(with [[Joyner Lucas]])}} | rowspan="3"| 2019 | — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Just Let Go" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 16 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4590|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=Recorded Music NZ|date=February 11, 2019|access-date=February 8, 2019|archive-date=2019-02-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190209124904/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4590|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | |{{N/A|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[Don't Check on Me]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring Justin Bieber and [[Atia "Ink" Boggs|Ink]])</span> | 67 || — || 48 || — || 13 || 48 || 29 | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> * ARIA: Gold<ref name="ARIA2019"/> * MC: Gold<ref name="ReferenceA"/> | ''[[Indigo (Chris Brown album)|Indigo]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Coming Home"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Casanova (rapper)|Casanova]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''Behind These Scars'' |- ! scope="row"| "Safety 2020"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/safety-2020-feat-chris-brown-afro-b-dj-snake-single/1495406674|title=Safety 2020|date=June 26, 2020|website=apple.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/chris-brown-and-afro-b-add-sauce-to-gashi-and-dj-snakes-safety-2020-new-song.1985901.html|title=Safety 2020|date=January 23, 2020|website=hotnewhiphop.com|accessdate=2024-11-15|archive-date=2022-05-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220512141520/https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/chris-brown-and-afro-b-add-sauce-to-gashi-and-dj-snakes-safety-2020-new-song.1985901.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[GASHI]] featuring Chris Brown, [[Afro B]] and [[DJ Snake]])</span> | 2020 | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Safety 2020" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 25 on the [[Dance/Electronic Songs]].<ref name="billboard.com"/>}} || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Safety 2020" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 19 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref name="NZ Hot Singles">{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4815|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=February 3, 2020|access-date=December 14, 2023|archive-date=2020-02-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200201002250/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4815|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | |{{N/A|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "It's Giving Christmas" | rowspan="2"| 2022 | — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"It's Giving Christmas" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 24 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5454|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=November 28, 2022|access-date=November 26, 2022|archive-date=2022-11-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221125215959/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5454|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | | rowspan="2"| ''Breezy – It's Giving Christmas'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[No Time Like Christmas]]" | — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "How We Roll (Remix)"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(with Ciara and Lil Wayne)</span> | 2023 | — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"How We Roll (Remix) did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 17 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5706|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=November 13, 2023|access-date=December 16, 2022|archive-date=2023-11-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231110211924/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5706|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | | rowspan="1" {{non-album singles}} |- | colspan="14" style="font-size:90%" | "—" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not Imetolewa in that territory. |} ==Nyimbo zake nyingine== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+ Orodha ya singo nyingine, baadhi ya chati, vyeti — zimetolewa na jina la albamu ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:18em;"| Jina ! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Year ! scope="col" colspan="8"| Nafsi za chati iliyoshika ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:12em;"| [[List of music recording certifications|Vyeti]] ! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Album |- ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| [[Billboard Hot 100|US]]<br /><ref name="hot100"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|US<br />R&B/<br />HH]]<br /><ref>Peak chart positions for other charted songs on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart: *All except noted: {{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/chris-brown/chart-history/bsi/|title=Chris Brown Chart History: R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|magazine=Billboard|access-date=August 20, 2024}} *"Bad Girl" and "Nobody's Business": {{cite magazine|url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=rihanna|chart=R&B/Hip-Hop Songs}}|title=Rihanna Album & Song Chart History: R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|magazine=Billboard|access-date=December 21, 2012}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} *"Waves": {{cite magazine |url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=kanye west|chart=R&B/Hip-Hop Songs}} |title=Kanye West – Chart History: R&B/Hip-Hop Songs |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |access-date=June 12, 2017}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| [[ARIA Charts|AUS]]<br /><ref name="auschart"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| [[Canadian Hot 100|CAN]]<br /><ref name="Billboard"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| [[Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique|FRA]]<br /><ref name="frachart"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| [[Official New Zealand Music Chart|NZ]]<br /><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/|title=The Official New Zealand Music Chart|website=Nztop40.co.nz|access-date=January 20, 2022|archive-date=2007-02-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070223085716/https://nztop40.co.nz/|url-status=dead}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| [[UK Singles Chart|UK]]<br /><ref name="ukchart"/><ref>{{cite web | title=Chart Log UK: New Entries Update – 14.07.2012 (Week 27) | url=http://www.zobbel.de/cluk/120714cluk.txt | work=zobbel.de | publisher=Tobias Zywietz | access-date=August 8, 2012| author=Zywietz, Tobias}}</ref><br /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zobbel.de/cluk/140927cluk.txt|format=TXT|title=CHART: CLUK Update 27.09.2014 (wk38)|website=Zobbelde|access-date=January 20, 2022}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| [[UK R&B Chart|UK R&B]]<br /><ref>Peak chart positions for other charted songs on the UK R&B Singles Chart: *"Bassline": {{cite web|url=https://www.officialcharts.com/charts/r-and-b-singles-chart/20120708/114/|title=Top 40 R&B Singles Archive 2012-07-14|publisher=[[Official Charts Company]]|access-date=September 8, 2012}} *"Nobody's Business": {{cite web|url=https://www.officialcharts.com/charts/r-and-b-singles-chart/20121125/114/|title=Top 40 R&B Singles Archive 2012-12-01|publisher=[[Official Charts Company]]|access-date=December 21, 2012}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "Ya Man Ain't Me" | rowspan="2"|2005 | — || —{{Ref label|note_m1|M}} || — || — || — || — || — || — | | rowspan="2"| ''[[Chris Brown (album)|Chris Brown]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "What's My Name"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring Noah)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | *[[Pro-Música Brasil|PMB]]: Platinum<ref>{{cite web| url=https://pro-musicabr.org.br/home/certificados/?busca_artista=Chris+Brown&tmidia=1| title=Chris Brown - Exclusive| publisher=[[Pro-Música Brasil]]| access-date=August 10, 2019}}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "Damage" | rowspan="3"| 2007 | — || —{{Ref label|note_n1|N}} || — || — || — || — || — || — | | rowspan="2"| ''[[Exclusive (album)|Exclusive]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "I Wanna Be" | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | *RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[This Christmas (Donny Hathaway song)#Notable cover versions|This Christmas]]" | 62 || 27 || — || — || — || — || — || 32 | *RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> | [[This Christmas (2007 film)#Original soundtrack|''This Christmas'' soundtrack]] |- ! scope="row"| "[[Bad Girl (Confessions of a Shopaholic song)|Bad Girl]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Rihanna]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | rowspan="5"| 2009 | — || 55 || — || — || — || — || — || — | | rowspan="3" {{N/A|Non-album singles}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[Better on the Other Side]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(with [[The Game (rapper)|The Game]], [[Sean Combs|Diddy]], [[DJ Khalil]], [[Polow da Don]],<br />[[Mario Winans]], [[Usher (musician)|Usher]] and [[Boyz II Men]])</span> | — || —{{Ref label|note_o1|O}} || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Changed Man" | — || 64 || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Turntables"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Ciara]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || 80 || 22 | |''[[Fantasy Ride]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "What I Do"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Plies (rapper)|Plies]])</span> | 88 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Graffiti (Chris Brown album)|Graffiti]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Another Planet"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Jawan Harris featuring Chris Brown)</span> | 2010 | — || —{{Ref label|note_p1|P}} || — || — || — || — || — || — | | {{N/A|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "Oh Yea"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Plies and DJ Scream featuring Chris Brown)</span> | rowspan="5"| 2011 | — || —{{Ref label|note_q1|Q}} || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''No Chaser'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Paper, Scissors, Rock (song)|Paper, Scissors, Rock]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Timbaland]] and [[Big Sean]])</span> | — || —{{Ref label|note_r1|R}} || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[F.A.M.E. (Chris Brown album)|F.A.M.E.]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Marvins Room]]" (Remix)<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[J. Valentine]], [[Dawn Richard (singer)|Dawn Richard]], [[Sevyn Streeter|Se7en]]<br />and [[Kevin McCall]])</span> | — || 77 || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''Boy in Detention'' |- ! scope="row"| "Undercover"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[DJ Drama]] featuring Chris Brown and [[J. Cole]])</span> | — || —{{Ref label|note_s1|S}} || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Third Power (album)|Third Power]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Look at Her Go"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[T-Pain]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | —{{Ref label|note_t1|T}} || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Revolver (T-Pain album)|Revolver]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Arena"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[B.o.B]] featuring Chris Brown and [[T.I.]])</span> | rowspan="4"| 2012 | —{{Ref label|note_u1|U}} || — || 36 || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Strange Clouds (album)|Strange Clouds]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Bassline (Chris Brown song)|Bassline]]" | — || — || — || — || — || — || 122 || 28 | | ''[[Fortune (Chris Brown album)|Fortune]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Marry Go Round"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Nelly]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || —{{Ref label|note_v1|V}} || — || — || — || — || — || — | | {{N/A|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[Nobody's Business (song)|Nobody's Business]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Rihanna featuring Chris Brown)</span> | — || 39 || — || — || 36 || — || 63 || 7 | *BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> | ''[[Unapologetic]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Let's Go (will.i.am song)|Let's Go]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[will.i.am]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | rowspan="2"| 2013 | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Let's Go" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 38 on the [[Dance/Electronic Songs]].<ref name="billboard.com"/>}} || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[willpower (will.i.am album)|#willpower]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "I'm Still"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[DJ Khaled]] featuring Chris Brown, [[Wale (rapper)|Wale]], [[Wiz Khalifa]] and [[Ace Hood]])</span> | — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"I'm Still" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number four on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart.}} || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Suffering from Success]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[X (Chris Brown song)|X]]" | rowspan="5"| 2014 | 98 || 26 || 75 || — || 63 || — || 91 || 12 | | rowspan="5"| ''[[X (Chris Brown album)|X]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Songs on 12 Play" <br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Trey Songz]])</span> | —{{Ref label|note_z1|Z}} || 48 || — || — || — || — || 194 || 33 | |- ! scope="row"| "Came to Do"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Akon]])</span> | — || 52 || — || — || 174 || — || 105 || 14 | |- ! scope="row"| "[[Autumn Leaves (Chris Brown song)|Autumn Leaves]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Kendrick Lamar]])</span> | —{{Ref label|note_z2|Z}} || 36 || — || — || — || — || 143 || 24 | *RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "Drunk Texting"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Jhené Aiko]])</span> | —{{Ref label|note_z3|Z}} || 46 || — || — || — || — || 128 || 19 | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "Here It Is"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Flo Rida]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | rowspan="3"| 2015 | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Here It Is" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 22 on the [[Dance/Electronic Songs]].<ref name="billboard.com"/>}} || — || — || — || — || — || — || 26 | | rowspan="1"| ''[[My House (EP)|My House]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Simple Things" (Remix)<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Miguel (singer)|Miguel]] featuring Chris Brown and [[Future (rapper)|Future]])</span> | — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Simple Things" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number five on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart.}} || — || — || — || — || — || — | * RIAA: Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=United States|title=Simple Things|artist=Miguel|access-date=July 28, 2022}}</ref> * ARIA: Gold<ref name=ARIA23s/> * MC: Gold<ref>{{cite certification|region=Canada|type=single|artist=Miguel|title=Simple Things|access-date=November 20, 2021}}</ref> | {{N/A|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "Make Love" | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || 40 | | rowspan="3"| ''[[Royalty (Chris Brown album)|Royalty]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Little More (Royalty)]]" | rowspan="3"| 2016 | 91 || 32 || — || 98 || — || — || — || 29 | *RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Picture Me Rollin']]" | — || 50 || — || — || — || — || — || 25 | |- ! scope="row"| "[[Waves (Kanye West song)|Waves]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Kanye West]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | 71 || 24 || — || 86 || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Waves" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number nine on the NZ Heatseeker Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=4218|title=NZ Heatseeker Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|access-date=March 14, 2019|archive-date=2018-06-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180623225151/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=4218|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || 77 || 20 | * RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=United States|title=Waves|artist=Kanye West|access-date=June 3, 2023}}</ref> * BPI: Gold<ref name="BPI"/> | ''[[The Life of Pablo]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Fucking & Kissing"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[A Boogie wit da Hoodie]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | rowspan="4"| 2017 | — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Fucking & Kissing" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, but peaked at number 10 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs.<ref name="BubblingR&B"/>}} || — || — || — || — || — || — | *RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> | ''[[The Bigger Artist]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Lost & Found" | — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Lost & Found" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, but peaked at number two on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart.<ref name="BubblingR&B"/>}} || — || — || — || — || — || — | | rowspan="3"| ''[[Heartbreak on a Full Moon]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Juicy Booty"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring Jhené Aiko and [[R. Kelly]])</span> | — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Juicy Booty" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, but peaked at number 5 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs.<ref name="BubblingR&B"/>}} || — || — || — || — || — || — | *RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[To My Bed]]" | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "Jealous"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(DJ Khaled featuring Chris Brown, [[Lil Wayne]] and Big Sean)</span> | rowspan="6"| 2019 | 57 || 26 || 59 || 54 || 167 || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Jealous" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 8 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref name="Indigo songs NZ"/>}} || 37 || 17 | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAAFt"/> * ARIA: Gold<ref name=ARIA22s/> | ''[[Father of Asahd]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Indigo (Chris Brown song)|Indigo]]" | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Indigo" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 10 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot 100.<ref name="BubblingBB"/>}} || 48 || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Indigo" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number seven on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref name="Indigo songs NZ">{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4668|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=Recorded Music NZ|date=July 8, 2019|access-date=July 5, 2019|archive-date=2019-07-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190705050858/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4668|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | *RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> | rowspan="4"| ''[[Indigo (Chris Brown album)|Indigo]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Come Together (Chris Brown song)|Come Together]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[H.E.R.]])</span> | — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Come Together" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, but peaked at number 1 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs.<ref name="BubblingR&B"/>}} || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Come Together" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number six on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref name="Indigo songs NZ"/>}} || — || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "Girl of My Dreams" | — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Girl of My Dreams" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 13 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref name="Indigo songs NZ"/>}} || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Overtime" | —|| — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Overtime" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 16 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4760|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=Recorded Music NZ|date=October 14, 2019|access-date=October 12, 2019|archive-date=2019-10-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191012003100/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4760|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "[[The Take (song)|The Take]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Tory Lanez]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | 66 || 32 || 73 || 68 || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"The Take" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 13 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref name="NZ Hot 40 Singles">{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4832|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=March 16, 2020|access-date=December 14, 2023|archive-date=2020-03-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200317201632/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4832|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || 35 || — | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAAFt"/> * [[Associação Fonográfica Portuguesa|AFP]]: Gold<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.audiogest.pt/uploads/files/file_2023-01-30-17-47-02.pdf|title=Portuguese single certifications – Tory Lanez - The Take|language=Portuguese|publisher=[[Associação Fonográfica Portuguesa]]|accessdate=March 1, 2023}}</ref> * ARIA: Gold<ref name=ARIA-2020-Singles/> * BPI: Gold<ref name="BPI"/> | ''[[Chixtape 5]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Slide (H.E.R. song)#Remix|Slide]]" (Remix)<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[H.E.R.]] featuring Pop Smoke, [[A Boogie wit da Hoodie]] and Chris Brown)</span> | rowspan="3"| 2020 | | — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Slide (Remix)" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 32 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref name="Indigo songs NZ"/>}} || — || — | * BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> | {{N/A|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "Not You Too"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">([[Drake (musician)|Drake]] featuring Chris Brown)</span> | 25 || 14 || — || 29 || 97 || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Not You Too" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number six on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref name="NZ Hot May 10">{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4856|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=May 11, 2020|access-date=December 14, 2023|archive-date=2020-06-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603051626/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4856|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | * ARIA: Gold<ref name=ARIA24s>{{cite certification|region=Australia|certyear=2024|type=single|access-date=18 June 2024}}</ref> * BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> | ''[[Dark Lane Demo Tapes]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[City Girls (song)|City Girls]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(with [[Young Thug]])</span> | — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"City Girls" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 31 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref name="Indigo songs NZ"/>}} || — || — | | ''[[Slime & B]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Go Crazy (Chris Brown and Young Thug song)#Remix|Go Crazy (Remix)]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(with Young Thug featuring [[Future (rapper)|Future]], [[Lil Durk]] and [[Mulatto (rapper)|Mulatto]])</span> | rowspan="2"| 2021 | — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Go Crazy (Remix)" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 27 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref name="Indigo songs NZ"/>}} || — || — | | {{N/A|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[New Again (Kanye West song)|New Again]]"<br />{{small|(Kanye West featuring Chris Brown)}} | 68 || 32 || 46 || 57 || — || — || — || 21 | | ''[[Donda]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Die Alone"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(with [[Gunna (rapper)|Gunna]] featuring [[Yung Bleu]])</span> | rowspan="11"| 2022 | 92 || 38 || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[DS4Ever]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Till the Wheels Fall Off"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring Lil Durk and [[Capella Grey]])</span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Till the Wheels Fall Off" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 4 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot 100.<ref name="BubblingBB"/>}} || 36 || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Till the Wheels Fall Off" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number eight on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref name="NZ Hot July 4">{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5354|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=July 4, 2022|access-date=July 2, 2022|archive-date=2022-07-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220701220711/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5354|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || 66 || 23 | | rowspan="9"| ''[[Breezy (album)|Breezy]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "C.A.B. (Catch a Body)"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Fivio Foreign]])</span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"C.A.B. (Catch a Body)" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 3 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot 100.<ref name="BubblingBB"/>}} || 35 || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Possessive"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring Lil Wayne and Yung Bleu)</span> | 98 || 31 || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Addicted"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Lil Baby]])</span> | 92 || 28 || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Closure"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring H.E.R.)</span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Closure" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 24 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot 100.<ref name="BubblingBB"/>}} || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "[[Psychic (Chris Brown song)|Psychic]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Jack Harlow]])</span> | 78 || 21 || 52 || 85 || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Psychic" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number four on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref name="NZ Hot July 4"/>}} || 64 || 21 | |- ! scope="row"| "Sex Memories"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Ella Mai]])</span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Sex Memories" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 25 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot 100.<ref name="BubblingBB"/>}} || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Sex Memories" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 11 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref name="NZ Hot July 4"/>}} || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Show It"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Blxst]])</span> | — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Show It" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number nine on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref name="NZ Hot July 4"/>}} || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Petty" | — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Petty" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 32 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5363|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=July 18, 2022|access-date=July 16, 2022|archive-date=2022-07-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220715220254/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5363|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "[[Superhero (Heroes & Villains)]]"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(with [[Metro Boomin]] and [[Future (rapper)|Future]])</span> | 8 || 2 || 30 || 7 || 94 || 29 || 34 || 8 | * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * ARIA: 3× Platinum<ref name=ARIA24s/> * BPI: Gold<ref>{{Cite certification|region=United Kingdom|type=single|artist=Metro Boomin/Future/Brown|title=Superhero (Heroes & Villains)|id=19065-6400-1|access-date=September 13, 2024}}</ref> * MC: 2× Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=Canada|type=single|artist=Metro Boomin|title=Superhero (Heroes & Villains)|access-date=May 25, 2023}}</ref> * SNEP: Gold<ref>{{cite certification|region=France|artist=Metro Boomin|title=Superhero (Heroes & Villains)|access-date=April 6, 2024}}</ref> | ''[[Heroes & Villains (album)|Heroes & Villains]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Angel Numbers / Ten Toes]]" | rowspan="4"| 2023 | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Angel Numbers / Ten Toes" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number seven on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot 100.<ref name="BubblingBB"/>}} || 33 || — || — || 154<br /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://snepmusique.com/les-tops/le-top-de-la-semaine/top-albums/?semaine=3&annee=2024&categorie=Top%20Singles|title=Top Singles (Week 3, 2024)|publisher=Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique|language=French|access-date=January 22, 2024}}</ref> || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Angel Numbers / Ten Toes" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number three on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref name="NZ Hot November 20">{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5710|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=November 20, 2023|access-date=November 18, 2023|archive-date=2023-11-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231117214600/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5710|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || 31 || 8 | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> * BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> * MC: Gold<ref>{{cite certification|region=Canada|type=single|artist=Chris Brown|title=Angel Numbers/Ten Toes|access-date=April 13, 2024}}</ref> * IFPI SWI: Gold<ref name="SWIcert"/> | rowspan="4"| ''[[11:11 (Chris Brown album)|11:11]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Press Me" | — || 48 || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Press Me" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number seven on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref name="NZ Hot November 20"/>}} || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "That's On You"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring Future)</span> | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"That's On You" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 18 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot 100.<ref name="BubblingBB"/>}} || 37 || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "No One Else"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Fridayy]])</span> | — || 43 || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"No One Else" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 12 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref name="NZ Hot November 20"/>}} || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Beg Forgiveness"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Kanye West and Ty Dolla $ign as ¥$ featuring Chris Brown)</span> | rowspan="5"| 2024 | 65 || 30 || 93 || 54 || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Vultures 1]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Bruce Lee" | — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Bruce Lee" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 25 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref name="NZ Hot April 22">{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5795|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=April 22, 2024|access-date=April 19, 2024|archive-date=2024-04-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240419051815/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5795|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} || — || — | | rowspan="3"| ''11:11'' |- ! scope="row"| "Run Away"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring Bryson Tiller)</span> | — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Run Away" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 32 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref name="NZ Hot April 22"/>}} || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Delusional" | — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Delusional" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 37 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref name="NZ Hot April 22"/>}} || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Drink n Dance"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(with Future and Metro Boomin)</span> | 51 || 19 || — || 67 || — || — || — || — | | ''[[We Still Don't Trust You]]'' |- | colspan="14" style="font-size:90%" | "—" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not Imetolewa in that territory. |} ==Alipotokea kama mgeni== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+ Orodha ya maonyesho kama mgeni yasiyo ya single, pamoja na wasanii wengine, ikionyesha mwaka wa kutolewa na jina la albamu ! scope="col" style="width:18em;"| Jina ! scope="col"| Mwaka ! scope="col"| Wasanii wengine ! scope="col"| Albamu |- ! scope="row"| "Which One" | 2005 | Noah | [[In the Mix (film)|''In the Mix'' soundtrack]] |- ! scope="row"| "[[Umbrella (Rihanna song)|Umbrella]]" (Remix) | rowspan="2"| 2007 | [[Rihanna]], [[Jay-Z]] | {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[Try a Little Tenderness]]"<ref name="Christmas">{{cite web|url=https://www.amazon.com/Christmas-Songs-Motion-Picture-Various-artists/dp/B000WS4P6A|title=This Christmas – Songs from the Motion Picture|access-date=November 14, 2010|work=[[Amazon.com]]}}</ref> | {{n/a|None}} | [[This Christmas (2007 film)#Original soundtrack|''This Christmas'' soundtrack]] |- ! scope="row"| "Leaving With Me" | rowspan="6"| 2009 | [[T.I.]] | ''A Year and a Day'' |- ! scope="row"| "Ransom" | [[R. City|Rock City]] | ''P.T.F.A.O: The Saga Continues'' |- ! scope="row"| "I'm Illy" | [[Teyana Taylor]] | ''From a Planet Called Harlem'' |- ! scope="row"| "Smile & Wave" | [[RichGirl]] | ''[[Fall in Love with RichGirl]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Choose Me" | [[Yung Joc]], [[Pleasure P]] | ''The Grind Flu'' |- ! scope="row"| "The One I Love (Maniac)" | [[Timbaland]], [[Keri Hilson]], D.O.E. | rowspan="7" {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[How Low]]" (Remix) | rowspan="12"| 2010 | [[Ludacris]], [[Ciara]] |- ! scope="row"| "Drop It Low" (Remix) | [[Ester Dean]], [[Lil Wayne]], [[Trey Songz]], [[Sean Combs|Diddy]] |- ! scope="row"| "[[Pretty Girls (Wale song)|Pretty Girls]]" (Remix) | [[Wale (rapper)|Wale]], [[Fabolous]] |- ! scope="row"| "Big Things" | rowspan="2"| Ester Dean |- ! scope="row"| "Love Suicide" |- ! scope="row"| "Call Me Dougie" | [[New Boyz]] |- ! scope="row"| "Put You On" | [[Diggy Simmons]] | ''Airborne'' |- ! scope="row"| "Wonder Woman" | [[Tyga]] | ''Well Done'' |- ! scope="row"| "Green Goblin" | [[Jae Millz]] | ''Dead Presidents'' |- ! scope="row"| "Foreplay" | [[Tank (American singer)|Tank]] | ''[[Now or Never (Tank album)|Now or Never]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Yesterday"<ref name="allmusic1">{{cite web|last=Jeffries |first=David |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/last-train-to-paris-r1819601 |title=Last Train to Paris – Diddy – Dirty Money|publisher=Allmusic. Rovi Corporation |date=December 14, 2010 |access-date=July 1, 2013}}</ref> | [[Dirty Money (duo)|Diddy – Dirty Money]] | rowspan="2"| ''[[Last Train to Paris]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "I Know"<ref name="allmusic1"/> | Diddy – Dirty Money, [[Wiz Khalifa]], [[Sevyn Streeter|Seven]] |- ! scope="row"| "Don't Play Wit It" | rowspan="22"| 2011 | [[Lonny Bereal]], [[Busta Rhymes]] | rowspan="2" {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "Champion" (Remix) | Chipmunk, J. Cole |- ! scope="row"| "Up" (Remix) | [[Justin Bieber]] | ''[[Never Say Never: The Remixes]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "360" | [[Kevin McCall]], Tyga | rowspan="2"| ''Un-Invited Guest'' |- ! scope="row"| "Big Booty Judy" (Remix) | Kevin McCall, Ludacris |- ! scope="row"| "Freaky I'm Iz" | Kevin McCall, [[Swizz Beatz]], [[Alexandre Varela Da Veiga|Diesel]] | ''Un-Invited Guest'' and ''Boy in Detention'' |- ! scope="row"| "Rest of My Life" | Kevin McCall | ''Un-Invited Guest'' |- ! scope="row"| "Hell Yeah" | [[YG (rapper)|YG]], Tyga | ''Just Re'd Up'' |- ! scope="row"| "Love" | [[JoJo Pellegrino]] | {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "Only One" | [[The Game (rapper)|The Game]], Sevyn Streeter | ''UnImetolewa R.E.D.'' |- ! scope="row"| "Take It Down Low" | [[Akon]] | rowspan="4" {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "For You" | RichGirl |- ! scope="row"| "Celebration" (Remix) | Tank, Trey Songz |- ! scope="row"| "100%" | [[Kid Ink]], Kevin McCall |- ! scope="row"| "Luv Me Girl"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.walmart.com/ip/16784457|title=King Of Hearts (Edited), Lloyd: R&B / Soul|work=Walmart.com|publisher=Wal-Mart Stores, Inc|access-date=March 18, 2012}}</ref> | [[Lloyd (singer)|Lloyd]], Veronica Vega | ''[[King of Hearts (Lloyd album)|King of Hearts]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Jada Fire" | Kevin McCall, Diesel, [[Sammie]] | {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "Snapbacks Back" | Tyga | ''Well Done 2'' and ''Boy in Detention'' |- ! scope="row"| "Westside" | [[Jay Rock]] | ''[[Follow Me Home (Jay Rock album)|Follow Me Home]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Up!" (R&B Remix) | [[J. Valentine]], Pleasure P | {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "Hard to Get" | Kevin McCall | ''The Eargazm'' |- ! scope="row"| "Favor" (Remix) | Lonny Bereal, [[Kelly Rowland]] | {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "Body 2 Body" (Remix) | [[Ace Hood]], [[Rick Ross]], Wale | ''The Statement 2'' |- ! scope="row"| "Yao Ming" (Remix)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.2dopeboyz.com/2012/05/22/david-banner-sex-drugs-video-games-album/|title=David Banner – Sex, Drugs & Video Games (Album)|publisher=2DopeBoyz.com|date=May 22, 2012|access-date=June 13, 2012}}</ref> | rowspan="18"| 2012 | [[David Banner]], [[ASAP Rocky|A$AP Rocky]] | ''[[Sex, Drugs & Video Games]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Bed Bath & Beyond" | J. Valentine | ''Love & Other Drugs'' |- ! scope="row"| "Why Stop Now" (Remix) | Busta Rhymes, [[Missy Elliott]], Lil Wayne | {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "For the Fame"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/careless-world-rise-last-king/id504009448|title=Careless World: Rise of the Last King by Tyga|date=January 2012 |publisher=iTunes Store. Apple|access-date=March 18, 2012}}</ref> | Tyga, [[Wynter Gordon]] | ''[[Careless World: Rise of the Last King]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "International (Serious)"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/all-of-me-r2188508|title=All of Me – Estelle|publisher=Allmusic. Rovi Corporation|access-date=May 12, 2012}}</ref> | [[Estelle (musician)|Estelle]], Trey Songz | ''[[All of Me (Estelle album)|All of Me]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Another Round" (Remix) | [[Fat Joe]], [[Mary J. Blige]], Fabolous, [[Kirko Bangz]] | {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "Lonely"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/this-is-how-i-feel-deluxe-version/520602283|title=This Is How I Feel (Deluxe Version) by Tank|publisher=iTunes Store. Apple|access-date=May 8, 2012}}</ref> | Tank | ''[[This Is How I Feel]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "That Pole"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://rapradar.com/2012/09/04/new-mixtape-kirko-bangz-procrastination-kills-4/#more-227575|title=New Mixtape: Procrastination Kills 4 by Kirko Bangz|publisher=Rap Radar|date=September 4, 2012|access-date=September 4, 2012}}</ref> | Kirko Bangz | ''Procrastination Kills 4'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Function (song)|Function]]" (Remix) | [[E-40]], [[Jeezy|Young Jeezy]], [[French Montana]], [[Red Café]], [[Problem (rapper)|Problem]] | {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "Cyeah Cyeah Cyeah Cyeah"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rap-up.com/2012/04/20/new-music-gucci-mane-f-chris-brown-and-lil-wayne-cyeah-cyeah-cyeah-cyeah/|title=New Music: Gucci Mane f/ Chris Brown and Lil Wayne – 'Cyeah Cyeah Cyeah Cyeah'|work=Rap-Up|publisher=Devin Lazerine|date=April 20, 2012|access-date=May 19, 2012|archive-date=2012-05-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120531045939/http://www.rap-up.com/2012/04/20/new-music-gucci-mane-f-chris-brown-and-lil-wayne-cyeah-cyeah-cyeah-cyeah/|url-status=dead}}</ref> | [[Gucci Mane]], Lil Wayne | ''[[I'm Up (Gucci Mane mixtape)|I'm Up]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Time of Your Life" (Remix) | Kid Ink, Tyga | {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "What's Gucci"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thisisrnb.com/2012/06/new-musicemerging-artist-dd-unforgettable-mixtape/|title=D&D - UNFORGETTABLE (MIXTAPE)|publisher=thisisrnb.com|date=June 27, 2012|access-date=October 26, 2020}}</ref> | D&D, Kevin McCall | ''Unforgettable'' |- ! scope="row"| "100 Bottles" | [[Cyhi the Prynce|CyHi The Prynce]], [[Big Sean]] | ''Ivy League Club'' |- ! scope="row"| "Countdown"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/based-on-t.r.u.-story-deluxe/id548102442|title=Based on a T.R.U. Story by 2 Chainz|publisher=iTunes Store. Apple|access-date=August 15, 2012}}</ref> | [[2 Chainz]] | ''[[Based on a T.R.U. Story]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Sellin' Dreams"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rap-up.com/2012/09/05/new-music-big-sean-detroit-mixtape/|title=New Music: Big Sean – 'Detroit' (Mixtape)|work=Rap-Up|publisher=Devin Lazerine|date=September 5, 2012|access-date=September 6, 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407174803/https://www.rap-up.com/2012/09/05/new-music-big-sean-detroit-mixtape/|archivedate=2023-04-07|url-status=dead}}</ref> | Big Sean | ''[[Detroit (mixtape)|Detroit]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Shut Up"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.datpiff.com/Berner-Urban-Farmer-mixtape.393441.html|title=Berner – Urban Farmer|publisher=DatPiff. Idle Media Inc|access-date=October 4, 2012}}</ref> | [[Berner (rapper)|Berner]], Problem | ''Urban Farmer'' |- ! scope="row"| "Flowerz" | [[Lil Twist]], Lil Wayne | {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "Hope We Meet Again"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/global-warming-deluxe-version/id572610096 |title=Global Warming (Deluxe Version) by Pitbull |publisher=iTunes Store. Apple |access-date=November 23, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121214000641/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/global-warming-deluxe-version/id572610096 |archive-date=December 14, 2012 }}</ref> | [[Pitbull (entertainer)|Pitbull]] | ''[[Global Warming (Pitbull album)|Global Warming]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Jumping Out the Plane" | rowspan="20"| 2013 | Luvaboy TJ | {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "That Nigga"<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rap-up.com/2013/03/01/new-music-kid-red-f-chris-brown-that-nigga/ |title=New Music: Kid RED f/ Chris Brown – 'That Ni**a' |work=Rap-Up |publisher=Devin Lazerine |date=March 1, 2013 |access-date=March 1, 2013 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240806021236/https://www.rap-up.com/2013/03/01/new-music-kid-red-f-chris-brown-that-nigga/ |archivedate=2024-08-06 |url-status=dead}}</ref> | rowspan="2"| Kid Red | rowspan="2"| ''REDemption'' |- ! scope="row"| "I See Red" |- ! scope="row"| "[[R.I.P. (Young Jeezy song)|R.I.P.]]" (Remix) | Young Jeezy, YG, [[Kendrick Lamar]] | {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "Let the Blunt Go"<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vibe.com/article/new-mixtape-funkmaster-flex-who-you-mad-me-or-yourself |title=New Mixtape: Funkmaster Flex 'Who You Mad At? Me Or Yourself?' |work=[[Vibe (magazine)|Vibe]] |publisher=Vibe Media |date=April 13, 2013 |access-date=April 13, 2013 |archive-date=July 17, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150717233831/http://www.vibe.com/article/new-mixtape-funkmaster-flex-who-you-mad-me-or-yourself |url-status=dead }}</ref> | [[Funkmaster Flex]], Problem | ''Who You Mad At? Me or Yourself?'' |- ! scope="row"| "Remedy"<ref>{{cite web|last=Cooper|first=Roman|title=Snoop Lion 'Reincarnated' Tracklist|url=http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/news/id.23326/title.snoop-lion-reincarnated-tracklist/|publisher=HipHopDX. Cheri Media Group|access-date=July 14, 2013|date=April 17, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130329044528/http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/news/id.23326/title.snoop-lion-reincarnated-tracklist|archive-date=March 29, 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> | [[Snoop Dogg|Snoop Lion]], Busta Rhymes | ''[[Reincarnated (album)|Reincarnated]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Echo"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/453141-jazz-lazer-heaven-or-las-vegas-mixtape|title=Jazz Lazer – Heaven Or Las Vegas|publisher=DJ Ill Will|date=November 21, 2022|access-date=August 17, 2024}}</ref> | Jazz Lazer, Tyga | ''Heaven or Las Vegas'' |- ! scope="row"| "Dancin Dirty"<ref name="hiphopdx1">{{cite web |last=Paine |first=Jake |url=http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/news/id.23922/title.ludacris-idgaf-download-mixtape-stream |title=Ludacris "#IDGAF" Download & Mixtape Stream |publisher=HipHop DX. Cheri Media Group |date=May 24, 2013 |access-date=July 1, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130711060018/http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/news/id.23922/title.ludacris-idgaf-download-mixtape-stream |archive-date=July 11, 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | Ludacris | rowspan="2"| ''#IDGAF'' |- ! scope="row"| "Mad Fo" | Ludacris, [[Meek Mill]], Swizz Beatz, [[Pusha T]] |- ! scope="row"| "Lay Your Head Back"<ref>{{cite web|last=Astillero|first=DiAmante'|url=http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/news/id.24312/title.problem-the-separation-mixtape-tracklist-cover-art|title=Problem "The Separation" Mixtape Tracklist, Cover Art|publisher=HipHop DX. Cheri Media Group|date=June 14, 2013|access-date=June 16, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130616110558/http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/news/id.24312/title.problem-the-separation-mixtape-tracklist-cover-art/|archive-date=June 16, 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> | Problem, Tank, [[Terrace Martin]] | ''The Separation'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Like Whaaat]]" (Remix)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/singles/id.24778/title.Problem+f.+Wiz+Khalifa%2C+Chris+Brown%2C+Tyga+%26+Master+P-Like+Whaaat+Remix |title=Problem f. Wiz Khalifa, Chris Brown, Tyga & Master P – Like Whaaat Remix |publisher=HipHop DX. Cheri Media Group |date=June 21, 2013 |access-date=June 24, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130627013738/http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/singles/id.24778/title.Problem+f.+Wiz+Khalifa%2C+Chris+Brown%2C+Tyga+%26+Master+P-Like+Whaaat+Remix |archive-date=June 27, 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | Problem, Wiz Khalifa, Tyga, [[Master P]] | ''Famous Again'' |- ! scope="row"| "Actin Up"<ref>{{cite web |last=Attia |first=Amir |url=http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/news/id.24455/title.asher-roth-the-greenhouse-effect-vol-2-release-date-cover-art-tracklist/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130628034015/http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/news/id.24455/title.asher-roth-the-greenhouse-effect-vol-2-release-date-cover-art-tracklist/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=June 28, 2013 |title=Asher Roth "The Greenhouse Effect Vol. 2" Tracklist, Download & Mixtape Stream |publisher=HipHop DX. Cheri Media Group |date=June 25, 2013 |access-date=June 26, 2013 }}</ref> | [[Asher Roth]], [[Rye Rye]], Justin Bieber | ''The Greenhouse Effect Vol. 2'' |- ! scope="row"| "Got My Heart"<ref>{{cite web|last=Attia |first=Amir |url=http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/news/id.24518/title.ty-dolla-ign-beach-house-2-cover-art-tracklist-download-mixtape-stream/ |title=Ty Dolla $ign "Beach House 2" Cover Art, Tracklist, Download & Mixtape Stream |publisher=HipHop DX. Cheri Media Group |date=July 2, 2013 |access-date=July 4, 2013}}</ref> | [[Ty Dolla Sign|Ty Dolla $ign]], The Game | ''Beach House 2'' |- ! scope="row"| "Bigger Than Life"<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/news/id.24267/title.ymcmb-friends-rich-gang-release-date-cover-art-tracklist | title=YMCMB & Friends "Rich Gang" Release Date, Cover Art & Tracklist | publisher=Cheri Media Group | work=HipHopDX | date=July 14, 2013 | access-date=July 15, 2013 | author=Paine, Jake | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130716180550/http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/news/id.24267/title.ymcmb-friends-rich-gang-release-date-cover-art-tracklist | archive-date=July 16, 2013 | url-status=dead }}</ref> | [[Birdman (rapper)|Birdman]], Tyga, Lil Wayne | ''[[Rich Gang (album)|Rich Gang]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Won't Turn It Down" | [[Jacquees]] | ''19'' |- ! scope="row"| "I Don't Care" | Lil Twist | {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[I Luv This Shit]]" (Remix)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hotnewhiphop.com/august-alsina-i-luv-this-shit-feat-chris-brown-trey-songz-song.1618062.html |title=August Alsina – I Luv This Shit Remix |publisher=Rose Liah |date=October 4, 2013 |access-date=February 19, 2014 |archive-date=2015-09-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924031633/http://www.hotnewhiphop.com/august-alsina-i-luv-this-shit-feat-chris-brown-trey-songz-song.1618062.html |url-status=dead}}</ref> | [[August Alsina]], Trey Songz | ''[[Testimony (August Alsina album)|Testimony]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "F.I.V.E."<ref>{{cite web |last=Tardio |first=Andres |url=http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/news/id.25709/title.game-dj-skee-oke-mixtape-release-date-cover-art-tracklisting-stream |title=Game & DJ Skee "OKE" Mixtape Release Date, Cover Art, Tracklisting, Stream |publisher=HipHop DX |access-date=October 12, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131012041323/http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/news/id.25709/title.game-dj-skee-oke-mixtape-release-date-cover-art-tracklisting-stream |archive-date=October 12, 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | The Game, Lil Wayne | ''[[OKE: Operation Kill Everything]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Throwback"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/underground-luxury/737018832|title=Underground Luxury by B.o.B|publisher=iTunes Store. Apple|access-date=December 17, 2013}}</ref> | [[B.o.B]] | ''[[Underground Luxury]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "When to Stop"<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rap-up.com/2013/12/08/new-mixtape-tyga-well-done-4/ |title=New Mixtape: Tyga – 'Well Done 4' |publisher=Rap-Up.com |access-date=January 8, 2014 |archive-date=December 16, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141216051436/http://www.rap-up.com/2013/12/08/new-mixtape-tyga-well-done-4/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> | Tyga | ''Well Done 4'' |- ! scope="row"| "Show Me" (Remix)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hotnewhiphop.com/kid-ink-show-me-feat-juicy-j-2-chainz-trey-songz-chris-brown-remix-new-song.1820404.html?ls=show%20me%20remix%7C|access-date=February 19, 2014|title=Kid Ink – Show Me (Remix) Feat. Juicy J, 2 Chainz, Trey Songz & Chris Brown – Stream [New Song]|website=Hotnewhiphop.com|date=February 14, 2014|archive-date=2022-05-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220512141521/https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/kid-ink-show-me-feat-juicy-j-2-chainz-trey-songz-chris-brown-remix-new-song.1820404.html?ls=show%20me%20remix%7C|url-status=dead }}</ref> | rowspan="14"| 2014 | Kid Ink, Trey Songz, [[Juicy J]], 2 Chainz | {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "Control" | [[Wisin]], Pitbull | ''[[El Regreso del Sobreviviente]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Main Chick" (Remix) | Kid Ink, French Montana, [[Yo Gotti]], Tyga, [[Lil Bibby]] | rowspan="2" {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[Hot Nigga]]" (Remix) | [[Bobby Shmurda]], Fabolous, [[Jadakiss]], [[Rowdy Rebel]], Busta Rhymes, Yo Gotti |- ! scope="row"| "[[24 Hours (TeeFlii song)|24 Hours]]" (Remix) | rowspan="4"| Trey Songz | rowspan="4"| ''TRGAxBRZY'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Made Me]]" (Remix) |- ! scope="row"| "[[Studio (song)|Studio]]" (Remix) |- ! scope="row"| "[[Tuesday (ILoveMakonnen song)|Tuesday]]" (Remix) |- ! scope="row"| "Fuck Yo Feelings" | The Game, Lil Wayne | ''[[Blood Moon: Year of the Wolf]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Don't Panic (French Montana song)|Don't Panic]]" (Remix) | French Montana, [[Jeremih]] | {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "Nigga Like Me" | [[Siya]], Problem | ''Better Late Than Never'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Waves (Mr Probz song)|Waves]]" ([[Robin Schulz]] Remix) | [[Mr Probz]], T.I. | rowspan="2" {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[Dangerous (David Guetta song)|Dangerous Part II]]" | [[David Guetta]], [[Sam Martin (singer)|Sam Martin]], Trey Songz |- ! scope="row"| "Blue Lipstick" | [[TeeFlii]] | ''Starr'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[CoCo (O.T. Genasis song)|CoCo (Part 3)]]" | rowspan="17"| 2015 | [[O.T. Genasis]] | rowspan="4" {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "Get That Money" | [[Lil Durk]], French Montana |- ! scope="row"| "Lil Bit" (Remix) | [[K Camp]], T.I. |- ! scope="row"| "Post to Be" (Remix) | Omarion, Jhené Aiko, [[DeJ Loaf]], Trey Songz, Rick Ross |- ! scope="row"| "She Don't Love Me" | [[Lil Boosie]] | ''[[Touch Down 2 Cause Hell]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Just for Tonight" | [[Migos]] | ''[[Yung Rich Nation]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Body On Me" (Remix) | [[Rita Ora]], [[Fetty Wap]] | {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "Gangsta Way" | rowspan="2"| French Montana | ''[[Coke Zoo]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Antidote (Travis Scott song)|Antidote]]" (Remix) | {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "Ain't Shit Change" | Cal Scruby | ''House In the Hills'' |- ! scope="row"| "Thuggin It" | Joe Moses | ''From Nothing 2 Something 3'' |- ! scope="row"| "Diamonds & Gold" (Remix) | Kid Ink, French Montana, [[Verse Simmonds]] | {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "Fade to Sade" | [[Lyrica Anderson]] | ''Hello'' |- ! scope="row"| "36 Oz" | [[Skeme]] | ''Ingleworld 3'' |- ! scope="row"| "Till the Morning" | DJ Carisma, DeJ Loaf | {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "Poppin" (Remix) | [[Reuben Houston|Rico Richie]], Meek Mill, French Montana |''Realest Story Ever Told, Vol. 2'' |- ! scope="row"| "She Wildin'" | [[Fabolous]] | ''[[The Young OG Project]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Rumorz" | rowspan="17"| 2016 | Tyga | ''[[Rawwest Nigga Alive]]'' and ''[[Before the Trap: Nights in Tarzana]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "All I Need" | [[J.U.S.T.I.C.E. League]], Wale | ''J.U.S.T.I.C.E. for All'' and ''Before the Party'' |- ! scope="row"| "Leave the Club" | J.U.S.T.I.C.E. League, [[Joelle James]] | ''J.U.S.T.I.C.E. for All'' and ''Boy in Detention'' |- ! scope="row"| "Wave Gods Intro" | French Montana | ''[[Wave Gods]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Phone Call with Breezy (Skit)" | [[ASAP Ferg|A$AP Ferg]] | rowspan="2"| ''[[Always Strive and Prosper]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "I Love You" | A$AP Ferg, Ty Dolla $ign |- ! scope="row"| "One on One" | [[Casey Veggies]] |''[[Customized Greatly Vol. 4: The Return of The Boy]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Shabba" | [[Wizkid (musician)|Wizkid]], Trey Songz, French Montana | rowspan="2" {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[Your Number (Ayo Jay song)|Your Number]]" (Remix) | [[Ayo Jay]], Kid Ink |- ! scope="row"| "Let Me Love You" | [[The Rej3ctz]] |''HOMELESS BILLIONAIRES'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Wishing (DJ Drama song)|Wishing]]" (Remix) | [[DJ Drama]], Fabolous, Trey Songz, [[Tory Lanez]], [[Jhené Aiko]] | rowspan="2" {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "Trapping Out the Garage" | Young Lo, Flawkoe |- ! scope="row"| "Scream" | [[Kevin Hart|Kevin "Chocolate Droppa" Hart]], Joelle James | ''[[Kevin Hart: What Now? (The Mixtape Presents Chocolate Droppa)]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Pretty Diamonds" | Jeezy | ''[[Trap or Die 3]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Keep You In Mind" (Remix) | Guordan Banks | rowspan="2" {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "Moon Walk" | Gucci Mane, Akon |- ! scope="row"| "Cherry Red Vans"<ref name="Smoke Cloud TMG & OHB"/> | [[Ray J]], Luvaboy TJ | ''Smoke Cloud TMG & OHB'' and ''Burn My Name'' |- ! scope="row"| "Hold Up" | rowspan="25" | 2017 | French Montana, Migos | {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "Just As I Am" | Spiff TV, [[Prince Royce]] | ''[[Five (Prince Royce album)|Five]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "OHB" | [[Casanova (rapper)|Casanova]], Young Lo | ''Be Safe Tho'' |- ! scope="row"| "Flexing" | HoodyBaby, Lil Wayne, [[Quavo]], [[Gudda Gudda]] | ''Kitchen 24: Slangin Off Key'' |- ! scope="row"| "I See You" | [[Kap G]] | ''SupaJefe'' |- ! scope="row"| "Draco (Freestyle)" | [[RRose RRome]], Young Lo, Young Blacc, HoodyBaby | {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "Heaven on Earth" | Wale | ''[[Shine (Wale album)|Shine]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Faded to Sade" (Remix) | Lyrica Anderson | ''Nasha Pearl'' and ''Before the Trap: Nights in Tarzana'' |- ! scope="row"| "Leanin" | Juicy J, Quavo | ''Gas Face'' |- ! scope="row"| "All Me" | Lyrica Anderson | ''Adia'' |- ! scope="row"| "Right Now"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=AI「和と洋」スペシャルサイト [Ai "Wa to Yo" Special Site]|url=http://sp.universal-music.co.jp/ai/watoyo/|access-date=February 2, 2022|website=sp.universal-music.co.jp|publisher=[[Universal Music Japan]]|language=ja-JP}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=Michel|first=Patrick St|date=June 1, 2017|title=AI celebrates East, West identity on new album|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2017/06/01/music/ai-celebrates-east-west-identity-new-album/|access-date=February 7, 2022|website=The Japan Times|language=en-US}}</ref> |[[Ai (singer)|Ai]] |''[[Wa to Yo]]'' and ''Before the Party'' |- ! scope="row"| "Fuck Them Hoes"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.datpiff.com/Ray-J-Chris-Brown-Burn-My-Name-mixtape.848794.html|title=Ray J & Chris Brown - Burn My Name|website=datpiff|access-date=March 6, 2020|archive-date=December 12, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212073117/https://www.datpiff.com/Ray-J-Chris-Brown-Burn-My-Name-mixtape.848794.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> | Ray J, Jacquees |''Burn My Name'' |- ! scope="row"| "Already Love Her" | rowspan="3"| Ray J | ''Burn My Name'' and ''Attack the Block'' |- ! scope="row"| "Come Back" | rowspan="2"|''Burn My Name'' |- ! scope="row"| "Side Bitch" |- ! scope="row"| "New Gang" | Ray J, Luvaboy TJ, Truth KO | ''Burn My Name'' and ''Attack the Block'' |- ! scope="row"| "Burn My Name" | Ray J, [[Bizzy Bone]] |''Burn My Name'' |- ! scope="row"| "Who You Came With"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.luvaboytj.com/|title=luvaboytj|website=luvaboytj|access-date=August 10, 2017|archive-date=November 21, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181121085430/https://www.luvaboytj.com/|url-status=dead}}</ref> | Luvaboy TJ, Ray J | ''Machine Lyfe FNFL.2'' |- ! scope="row"| "Flipmode" (Remix)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.xxlmag.com/rap-music/new-music/2017/08/fabolous-chris-brown-velous-flipmode-remix/|title=Fabolous and Chris Brown Hop on Velous' 'Flipmode' for the Remix – XXL|website=XXL Mag|date=August 31, 2017 }}</ref> | [[Velous]], Fabolous | {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "Keep It 100" | Kid Red, Quavo, [[Takeoff (rapper)|Takeoff]] | ''Red Alert'' |- ! scope="row"| "Either Way" (Remix) | [[K. Michelle]], Yo Gotti, O.T. Genasis | {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "3's Company" | Snoop Dogg, O.T. Genasis | ''[[Make America Crip Again]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Save It for Me" | Yo Gotti | ''[[I Still Am]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Classic You" | T-Pain | ''[[Oblivion (T-Pain album)|Oblivion]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Bentley Truck" | [[Dave East]], Kap G | ''Karma'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Booty (Blac Youngsta song)|Booty]]" (Remix) | rowspan="15"| 2018 | [[Blac Youngsta]], Jeezy, Trey Songz | ''223'' |- ! scope="row"| "Drippin" | [[Rich the Kid]] | ''[[The World Is Yours (Rich the Kid album)|The World Is Yours]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Focus (H.E.R. song)|Focus]]" ([[DJ Envy]] Remix) | [[H.E.R.]] | {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "Set the Record Straight" | rowspan="2"| [[Tee Grizzley]] | rowspan="2"| ''[[Activated (album)|Activated]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Fuck It Off" |- ! scope="row"| "All My Life" | Jacquees | ''[[4275]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Man Down" | [[YBN Nahmir]] | ''YBN: The Mixtape'' |- ! scope="row"| "Stop Playing" | Fre$h | ''frēsh•ism'' |- ! scope="row"| "Toot That Whoa Whoa" (Remix) | [[Floyd Bentley|A1]], [[Christopher Dotson|PC]] | ''Turbulence'' |- ! scope="row"| "Paperwork" | Lil Twist | {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "Duck My Ex"<ref name="LoVE me NOw">{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/love-me-now/1439145938|title=LoVE me NOw by Tory Lanez on iTunes|website=[[iTunes]]|date=October 26, 2018 |access-date=November 18, 2018}}</ref> | Tory Lanez, 2 Chainz | rowspan="2"| ''[[Love Me Now?]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Flexible"<ref name="LoVE me NOw"/> | Tory Lanez, [[Lil Baby]] |- ! scope="row"| "Surrounded" | MihTy, Wiz Khalifa | ''[[MihTy]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Don't Say Shit" | Trey Songz, Fabolous | ''28'' |- ! scope="row"| "Overdose" (TSD Remix) | [[Agnez Mo]], Juicy J | rowspan="2" {{N/A|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "Type a Way" (Spanish Remix) | rowspan="14" | 2019 | [[Eric Bellinger]], [[OG Parker]] |- ! scope="row"| "Dirty" (Remix) | Tank, Feather, Rahky | ''[[Elevation (Tank album)|Elevation]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "February Love" | Tyga | ''[[Legendary (Tyga album)|Legendary]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Must Be" (Remix) | [[Rockie Fresh]], [[Jon Z]] | {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "Wanted"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/wanted-feat-chris-brown-single/1472228352|title=CRZY - Wanted (feat. Chris Brown) - Single|date=July 26, 2019|website=apple.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/ru/album/van-gogh/1478968108?l=en|title=Van Gogh by CRZY on Apple Music|date=November 26, 2019|website=apple.com}}</ref> | CRZY | ''Van Gogh'' |- ! scope="row"| "1 Question" | E-40, Jeremih, Rick Ross | ''[[Practice Makes Paper]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Waterbed" | Blaq Tuxedo | ''Blaq Tuxedo'' |- ! scope="row"| "Turn Me On" | Snoop Dogg | ''[[I Wanna Thank Me]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Vibe Is" | Sherwood Marty | ''Fresh Prince of Sherwood'' |- ! scope="row"| "Every Night" | Berner, Wiz Khalifa | ''La Plaza'' |- ! scope="row"| "Ignore Me" | A1 | {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "Gangstas Make the Girls Go Wild" | The Game | ''[[Born 2 Rap]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Us vs. The World" | Fabolous, Teyana Taylor | ''[[Summertime Shootout 3: Coldest Summer Ever]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Shake It" | Blac Youngsta, Ty Dolla $ign | ''Church on Sunday'' |- ! scope="row"| "Tank"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/tank-feat-chris-brown-k-wales-single/1495904510|title=Kai Ca$h - Tank (feat. Chris Brown & K Wales) - Single|date=January 27, 2020|website=apple.com}}</ref> | rowspan="9"| 2020 | Kai Ca$h, K Wales | {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "Finally" | [[Joyner Lucas]] | ''[[ADHD (Joyner Lucas album)|ADHD]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Tryna Smoke" (Remix) | Jhené Aiko, Snoop Dogg | ''[[Chilombo (album)|Chilombo]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Rodeo" | YG, Tyga | ''[[My Life 4Hunnid]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Sexual" | Dave East | ''[[Karma 3]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Mood" | [[Trippie Redd]] | ''[[Pegasus (Trippie Redd album)|Pegasus]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Nasty" | [[Lil Keed]] | ''[[Trapped on Cleveland 3]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "What It Is" (Remix) | [[Kyle (musician)|Kyle]] | {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "Shopping Spree" | [[Davido]], [[Young Thug]] | ''[[A Better Time]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Track Star (song)|Track Star]]" (Remix) | rowspan="4"| 2021 | [[Mooski]], [[A Boogie wit da Hoodie]], [[Yung Bleu]] | ''Melodic Therapy 4 The Broken'' |- ! scope="row"| "Check for Me" | [[Ann Marie]] | ''Hate Love'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Gyalis#Remix versions|Gyalis (Remix)]]" | [[Capella Grey]], [[Popcaan]] | {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "Do I Ever" | [[Tone Stith]] | ''Still FWM'' |- ! scope="row"| "Time N Affection" | rowspan="6"| 2022 | [[Rema (musician)|Rema]] | ''[[Rave & Roses]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "I Do" | [[Nick Cannon]] | ''Raw & B'' |- ! scope="row"| "Welcome Back" | [[Joey Bada$$]], Capella Grey | ''[[2000 (Joey Badass album)|2000]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Diana" | [[Fireboy DML]], [[Shenseea]] | ''[[Playboy (Fireboy DML album)|Playboy]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Universal Love" | The Game, [[Chloe Bailey|Chlöe]], [[Cassie Ventura|Cassie]] | ''[[Drillmatic – Heart vs. Mind]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Special" | Ray J, Designer Doubt | ''Raydemption'' |- ! scope="row"| "No Days Off" | rowspan="6"| 2023 | [[Shy Glizzy]] | ''Flowers'' |- ! scope="row"| "Distant Lover" | Yung Bleu | ''[[Love Scars II]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Motion" (Remix) | Ty Dolla $ign | {{n/a|None}} |- ! scope="row"| "City of Dreams" | [[Tyla Yaweh]] | ''Heart Full of Rage 2'' |- ! scope="row"| "City of God" | Tee Grizzley | ''[[Tee's Coney Island]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Open Wide" | Busta Rhymes, Shenseea | ''[[Blockbusta]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Drunk Off U" | rowspan="2"| 2024 | [[Moneybagg Yo]] | ''[[Speak Now (Moneybagg Yo album)|Speak Now]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Play Your Part" | [[G Herbo]] | ''Big Swerv 2.0'' |- |} ==Diskografia ya utayarishaji== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+Orodha ya uzalishaji na sifa za uandishi wa nyimbo (ukiondoa maonyesho kama mgeni, marejeleo, na sampuli). ! scope="col" style="width:24em;"| Nyimbo ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col"| Nafasi ! scope="col"| Msanii ! scope="col"| Albamu |- | * 05. "Picture Perfect" <br />{{small|(featuring [[will.i.am]])}} |rowspan="2"|2007 |rowspan="2"|Producer {{small|(with will.i.am)}} |rowspan="2"|[[Chris Brown]] |rowspan="2"|''[[Exclusive (album)|Exclusive]]'' |- | * 20. "Picture Perfect (Remix)" <br />{{small|(featuring [[Bow Wow (rapper)|Bow Wow]] and [[Hurricane Chris (rapper)|Hurricane Chris]])}} |- | * 13. "[[Disturbia (song)|Disturbia]]" |rowspan="2"|2008 |Songwriter, background vocals |[[Rihanna]] |''[[Good Girl Gone Bad: Reloaded]]'' |- | * 10. "Yamaha Mama" <br />{{small|(featuring [[Sean Kingston]])}} |rowspan="4"|Songwriter |[[Soulja Boy]] |''[[iSouljaBoyTellem]]'' |- | * 09. "[[Bad Girl (Confessions of a Shopaholic song)#Background|Bad Girl]]" |rowspan="4"|2009 |[[The Pussycat Dolls]] |''[[Confessions of a Shopaholic (film)#Soundtrack|Confessions of a Shopaholic]]'' |- | * 02. "[[She Ain't Got...]]" |rowspan="2"|[[LeToya Luckett]] |rowspan="2|''[[Lady Love (album)|Lady Love]]'' |- | * 11. "Drained" |- | * 04. "[[Stronger (Mary J. Blige song)|Stronger]]" | Songwriter, background vocals | [[Mary J. Blige]] | ''[[More than a Game (soundtrack)|Music Inspired by More than a Game]]'' |- | * 04. "What Do You Say" |rowspan="2"|2010 |rowspan="2"|Songwriter |[[Omarion]] |''[[Ollusion]]'' |- | * 16. "Love Suicide" <br />{{small|(featuring [[Ester Dean]])}} |[[Tinie Tempah]] |''[[Disc-Overy]]'' |- | * 12. "Should've Kissed You" |rowspan="6"|2011 |Co-producer {{small|(with Brian Kennedy)}} |Chris Brown | ''[[F.A.M.E. (Chris Brown album)|F.A.M.E.]]'' |- | * 12. "I Need This" |rowspan="2"|Songwriter |[[Jessie J]] |''[[Who You Are (Jessie J album)|Who You Are]]'' |- | * 09. "[[Favor (Lonny Bereal song)|Favor]]" <br />{{small|(featuring [[Kelly Rowland]])}} |[[Lonny Bereal]] | ''The Love Train'' |- | * 03. "[[See No More]]" |Co-producer {{small|(with Brian Kennedy)}}, background vocals |rowspan="2"|[[Joe Jonas]] |rowspan="2"|''[[Fastlife]]'' |- | * 11. "Lighthouse" | Co-producer {{small|(with [[Hit-Boy]])}}, background vocals |- | * 08. "Christmas Eve" | Co-producer {{small|(with Amadeus and Boogie Wizzard)}}, background vocals |[[Justin Bieber]] |''[[Under the Mistletoe]]'' |- | * 04. "Mirage" |rowspan="5"|2012 | Co-producer {{small|(with [[Harmony Samuels|H-Money]])}} |rowspan="4"|Chris Brown |rowspan="4"|''[[Fortune (Chris Brown album)|Fortune]]'' |- | * 12. "Cadillac (Interlude)" | Producer |- | * 17. "Remember My Name" | Producer {{small|(with Free School and [[Jonas Jeberg]])}} |- | * 18. "Wait for You" | Co-producer {{small|(with H-Money)}} |- | * 04. "Slower" |Songwriter |[[Brandy Norwood|Brandy]] | ''[[Two Eleven]]'' |- | * 06. "Emotions" |rowspan="5"|2014 |Songwriter, background vocals |rowspan="3"|[[Jennifer Lopez]] |rowspan="3"| ''[[A.K.A. (album)|A.K.A.]]'' |- | * 10. "[[Booty (Jennifer Lopez song)|Booty]]" <br />{{small|(featuring [[Pitbull (rapper)|Pitbull]] or [[Iggy Azalea]])}} |Songwriter |- | * 14. "[[Same Girl (Jennifer Lopez song)|Same Girl]]" <br />{{small|(solo or featuring [[French Montana]])}} |Songwriter, background vocals |- | * 13. "Valentine" |rowspan="4"|Songwriter |[[JYJ]] | ''[[Just Us (JYJ album)|Just Us]]'' |- | * 02. "[[We Dem Boyz]]" |[[Wiz Khalifa]] | ''[[Blacc Hollywood]]'' |- | * "Baby Love" <br />{{small|(featuring [[R. City]])}} |2017 |[[Samantha J]] | {{n/a|None}} |- | * 10. "Like It" <br />{{small|(with [[6LACK]])}} |2019 |[[Summer Walker]] | ''[[Over It (album)|Over It]]'' |- | * 18. "[[New Again (Kanye West song)|New Again]]" |2021 |Songwriter, guest vocalist on original release |[[Kanye West]] |''[[Donda]]'' |- | * 09. "[[Nightmares (Chris Brown song)|Nightmares]]" <br />{{small|(featuring [[Byron Messia]])}} | rowspan="1"|2023 |Co-producer {{small|(with Chopstix)}} |Chris Brown | ''[[11:11 (Chris Brown album)|11:11]]'' |- |} ==Marejeo== {{marejeo}} ==Viungo vya nje== *{{AllMusic|class=artist|id=chris-brown-p724933/discography|pure_url=yes}} Discography of Chris Brown at [[AllMusic|Allmusic]] {{Chris Brown}} {{MUM}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Brown, Chris}} [[Category:Diskografia za wasanii wa Marekani]] hdiqobt5nip6muk75bbux0jn3lnrne0 0 190642 1606628 1599281 2026-10-09T22:21:46Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606628 wikitext text/x-wiki Mwimbaji wa [[Marekani]] [[Beyoncé Knowles]] ametoa nyimbo 61 kama msanii kiongozi, nyimbo 17 kama msanii aliyeshirikishwa, nyimbo 13 za utangazaji, na nyimbo sita za hisani. Kulingana na RIAA, Beyoncé ameuza singo milioni 114 (kama msanii kiongozi) nchini Marekani. Hadi sasa, ameuza zaidi ya rekodi milioni 200 duniani kote, na kumfanya kuwa mmoja wa wasanii wa muziki waliouza zaidi wa muda wote. == Kama msanii mkuu == === Miaka ya 2000 === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align: center;" border="1" |+ Orodha ya nyimbo kama msanii kiongozi, ikiwa na nafasi za chati zilizochaguliwa na vyeti, ikionyesha mwaka wa kutolewa na jina la albamu ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:15em;"| Jina ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" colspan="10"| Nafasi za juu kwenye chati ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:15em;"| [[List of music recording certifications|Vyeti]] ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:12em;"| Albamu |- ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Billboard Hot 100|US]]<br /><ref name="US">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/beyonce/chart-history/hsi/|title=Beyoncé Chart History: Hot 100|magazine=Billboard|access-date=March 22, 2024|archive-date=March 22, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322203941/https://www.billboard.com/artist/beyonce/chart-history/hsi/|url-status=live}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[ARIA Charts|AUS]]<br /><ref name="AUS Lead">Peak chart positions for lead singles in Australia: * All except noted: {{cite web|url=http://australian-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Beyonc%E9|title=Discography Beyoncé|publisher=Australian Charts. Hung Medien|access-date=March 22, 2024|archive-date=December 27, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227063503/https://australian-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Beyonc%E9|url-status=live}} * "Why Don't You Love Me": * "Sorry" and "Freedom": {{cite web|url=http://www.noise11.com/news/aria-singles-drake-one-dance-is-the-no-1-song-20160507|title=ARIA Singles: Drake 'One Dance' Is the No 1 Song|website=Noise11|last=Ryan|first=Gavin|date=May 7, 2016|access-date=May 7, 2016|archive-date=June 2, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160602113524/http://www.noise11.com/news/aria-singles-drake-one-dance-is-the-no-1-song-20160507|url-status=live}} * "Spirit": * "Black Parade": {{citation|title=The ARIA Report: Week Commencing 29 June 2020|publisher=[[Australian Recording Industry Association]]|issue=1582|date=June 29, 2020}} * "Virgo's Groove": {{cite magazine|title=The ARIA Report: Week Commencing 8 August 2022|magazine=The ARIA Report|publisher=Australian Recording Industry Association|issue=1692|page=4|date=August 8, 2022}} * Peaks from 51–100 from ''Cowboy Carter'': {{cite magazine|title=The ARIA Report: Week Commencing 8 April 2024|magazine=The ARIA Report|publisher=Australian Recording Industry Association|issue=1779|page=4|date=April 8, 2024}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Canadian Hot 100|CAN]]<br /><ref name="CAN">Peak chart positions for songs in Canada: * Songs before 2007: {{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/beyonce/chart-history/cns/|title=Beyoncé Chart History: Canadian Digital Song Sales|magazine=Billboard|access-date=February 10, 2022|archive-date=February 10, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220210151842/https://www.billboard.com/artist/beyonce/chart-history/cns/|url-status=live}} * Songs from 2007 onwards: {{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/beyonce/chart-history/can/|title=Beyoncé Chart History: Canadian Hot 100|magazine=Billboard|access-date=April 9, 2024|archive-date=March 22, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322204517/https://www.billboard.com/artist/beyonce/chart-history/can/|url-status=live}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique|FRA]]<br /><ref name="FRA">{{cite web|url=https://lescharts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Beyonc%E9|title=Discographie Beyoncé|website=lescharts.com|access-date=March 22, 2024|archive-date=March 22, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322211448/https://lescharts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Beyonc%E9|url-status=live}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[GfK Entertainment charts|GER]]<br /><ref name="GER">{{cite web|url=https://www.offiziellecharts.de/suche?artistId=Beyonc%C3%A9|title=Discographie von Beyoncé|website=Offizielle Deutsche Charts|publisher=[[GfK Entertainment]]|language=de|access-date=March 22, 2024|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322212055/https://www.offiziellecharts.de/suche?artistId=Beyonc%C3%A9|archive-date=March 22, 2024}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Irish Singles Chart|IRE]]<br /><ref name="IRE">{{cite web |url=http://irish-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Beyonc%E9 |title=Discography Beyoncé |publisher=Irish Charts. Hung Medien |access-date=March 22, 2024 |archive-date=March 22, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322214739/http://irish-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Beyonc%E9 |url-status=live}} * "Formation": ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Dutch Single Top 100|NLD]]<br /><ref name="NLD">{{cite web|url=https://dutchcharts.nl/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Beyonc%E9|title=Discografie Beyoncé|website=dutchcharts.nl|access-date=April 6, 2024|archive-date=March 22, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322215024/https://dutchcharts.nl/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Beyonc%E9|url-status=live}} * "Savage Remix": {{cite web|url=https://dutchcharts.nl/weekchart.asp?cat=s|title=Dutch Top 100|publisher=[[Dutch Charts]]|date=May 9, 2020|access-date=May 12, 2020|archive-date=May 11, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200511203025/https://dutchcharts.nl/weekchart.asp?cat=s|url-status=live}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Official New Zealand Music Chart|NZ]]<br /><ref name="NZ">{{cite web |url=https://charts.nz/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Beyonc%E9 |title=Discography Beyoncé |publisher=New Zealand Charts. Hung Medien |access-date=March 22, 2024 |archive-date=April 17, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170417013918/http://charts.nz/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Beyonc%E9 |url-status=live }} * "Savage Remix": {{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=4856|title=NZ Top 40 Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=May 11, 2020|access-date=May 9, 2020|archive-date=June 3, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603050047/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=4856|url-status=live}} * "Texas Hold 'Em": {{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=5764|title=NZ Top 40 Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=February 26, 2024|access-date=February 23, 2024|archive-date=February 23, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223051130/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=5764|url-status=live}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Swiss Hitparade|SWI]]<br /><ref name="SWI">{{cite web |url=https://hitparade.ch/artist/Beyonce#charts |title=Discography Beyoncé |publisher=Switzerland Charts. Hung Medien |access-date=March 22, 2024 |archive-date=March 22, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322215256/https://hitparade.ch/artist/Beyonce#charts |url-status=live }}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[UK Singles Chart|UK]]<br /><ref name="UK">{{cite web|url=http://www.officialcharts.com/artist/12465/beyonce/|title=Beyoncé {{!}} full Official Chart history|publisher=[[Official Charts Company]]|access-date=March 9, 2024|archive-date=March 9, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240309121437/https://www.officialcharts.com/artist/12465/beyonce/|url-status=live}} * "Say Yes": {{cite web|url=http://www.zobbel.de/cluk/140614cluk.txt|title=UK Singles Chart: CLUK Update (14 June 2014 – week 23)|work=Zobbel.de|access-date=June 19, 2014|archive-date=December 31, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141231075707/http://www.zobbel.de/cluk/140614cluk.txt|url-status=live}} * "Formation": {{cite web|url=http://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/beyonc%C3%A9s-lemonade-fizzes-to-official-albums-chart-number-1__14763/|title=Beyoncé's Lemonade fizzes to Official Albums Chart Number 1|publisher=OCC|access-date=April 24, 2016|archive-date=May 2, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160502070251/http://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/beyonc%C3%A9s-lemonade-fizzes-to-official-albums-chart-number-1__14763/|url-status=live}} * "Shining": {{cite web|url=http://www.officialcharts.com/artist/50949/DJ-KHALED-FT-BEYONCE-and-JAY-Z|title=DJ KHALED FT BEYONCE & JAY Z {{!}} full Official Chart History|publisher=Official Charts Company|access-date=February 25, 2017|archive-date=February 25, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170225131305/http://www.officialcharts.com/artist/50949/dj-khaled-ft-beyonce-and-jay-z/|url-status=live}}</ref> <!-- NOTE TO EDITORS: PLEASE DO NOT ADD MORE CHARTS, [[MOS:DISCOG]] RECOMMENDS NO MORE THAN 10 CHARTS --> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Work It Out (Beyoncé song)|Work It Out]]" | 2002 | — || 21 || — || 87 || 75 || 12 || 26 || 36 || 48 || 7 | * ARIA: Gold<ref>{{cite web |url=http://aria.com.au/pages/aria-charts-accreditations-singles-2002.htm |title=ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2002 Singles |publisher=[[Australian Recording Industry Association]] |access-date=April 7, 2011 |archive-date=August 29, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100829092953/http://aria.com.au/pages/aria-charts-accreditations-singles-2002.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> | ''[[Austin Powers in Goldmember#Soundtrack|Austin Powers in Goldmember]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Crazy in Love]]"<br />{{small|(featuring [[Jay-Z]])}} | rowspan="5"| 2003 | 1 || 2 || 2 || 21 || 6 || 1 || 2 || 2 || 3 || 1 | * RIAA: 6× Platinum<ref name="RIAA">{{cite web|url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&se=Beyonce#search_section|title=Gold/Platinum: Beyonce – RIAA|publisher=[[Recording Industry Association of America]]|access-date=June 18, 2019|archive-date=January 7, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160107191339/http://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&se=BEYONCE#search_section|url-status=live}}</ref> * ARIA: 11× Platinum<ref name=ARIA24s>{{cite certification|region=Australia|type=single|certyear=2024|access-date=June 29, 2024}}</ref> * BPI: 4× Platinum<ref name=bpi>{{cite certification|region=United Kingdom|artist=Beyonce|access-date=October 23, 2024}}</ref> * MC: 5× Platinum<ref name="Certification list" /> * RMNZ: Gold<ref name="rianz.org.nz">{{cite web |url=http://rianz.org.nz/rianz/oldchart.asp?chartNum=1379 |title=The Official New Zealand Music Chart |date=October 12, 2003 |publisher=Recording Industry Association of New Zealand |access-date=July 10, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019123116/http://rianz.org.nz/rianz/oldchart.asp?chartNum=1379 |archive-date=October 19, 2013}}</ref> | rowspan="2"| ''[[Dangerously in Love]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Baby Boy (Beyoncé song)|Baby Boy]]"<br />{{small|(featuring [[Sean Paul]])}} | 1 || 3 || 2 || 8 || 4 || 6 || 11 || 2 || 5 || 2 | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: 3× Platinum<ref name="ARIA23s">{{cite certification|region=Australia|certyear=2023|type=single|access-date=July 7, 2023}}</ref> * BPI: Platinum<ref name=bpi /> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="Musik">{{cite certification|region=Germany|artist=Beyoncé|access-date=April 5, 2011}}</ref> * MC: Platinum<ref name="Certification list" /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Fighting Temptation]]"<br />{{small|(with [[Missy Elliott]], [[MC Lyte]] and [[Free (rapper)|Free]])}} | — || — || 34 || — || 54 || — || 11 || — || — || — | | ''[[The Fighting Temptations]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Me, Myself and I (Beyoncé song)|Me, Myself and I]]" | 4 || 11 || 7 || — || 35 || 21 || 14 || 18 || 41 || 11 | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA21">{{cite certification|region=Australia|certyear=2021|access-date=February 4, 2022}}</ref> * BPI: Silver<ref name=bpi /> * MC: Gold<ref name="Certification list" /> | ''Dangerously in Love'' |- ! scope="row" | "[[Summertime (Beyoncé song)|Summertime]]"<br />{{small|(featuring [[P. Diddy]])}} | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Summertime" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number eight on the [[Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles]] chart.<ref name="US-Bubbling-singles">{{cite magazine | url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/beyonce/chart-history/bubbling-under-hot-100 | title=Beyoncé – Chart History: Bubbling Under Hot 100 | magazine=Billboard | access-date=January 13, 2014 | archive-date=November 21, 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211121092800/https://www.billboard.com/artist/beyonce/chart-history/bubbling-under-hot-100/ | url-status=live }}</ref>}} || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''The Fighting Temptations'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Naughty Girl (Beyoncé song)|Naughty Girl]]" | rowspan="2"| 2004 | 3 || 9 || 2 || 18 || 16 || 14 || 14 || 6 || 18 || 10 | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: 3× Platinum<ref name="ARIA23s"/> * BPI: Silver<ref name=bpi /> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref name="rianz.org.nz" /> * MC: Platinum<ref name="Certification list" /> | ''Dangerously in Love'' |- ! scope="row" | "[[The Closer I Get to You#Luther Vandross and Beyoncé version|The Closer I Get to You]]"<br />{{small|(with [[Luther Vandross]])}} | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''Dangerously in Love''<br />and ''[[Dance with My Father (album)|Dance akiwa na My Father]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Wishing on a Star#Beyoncé version|Wishing on a Star]]" | rowspan="2"| 2005 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Roll Bounce]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Check on It]]"<br />{{small|(featuring [[Bun B]] and [[Slim Thug]])}} | 1 || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Check on It" did not enter the ARIA Singles Chart, but peaked at number 15 on the ARIA Digital Tracks chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aria.com.au/issue842.pdf |archive-url=https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20060519140000/http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/23790/20060520-0000/issue842.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 19, 2006 |title=- issue842.pdf |publisher=webarchive.nla.gov.au |date=April 24, 2006 |access-date=March 9, 2015}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>}} || 5 || 32 || 11 || 5 || 3 || 1 || 7 || 3 | * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * BPI: Silver<ref name=bpi /> * MC: Platinum<ref name="Certification list">{{cite web|url=http://www.musiccanada.com/GPSearchResult.aspx?st=&ica=False&sa=Beyonce&sl=&smt=0&sat=-1&ssb=Artist|title=Certification list|publisher=[[Music Canada|MC]]|date=July 2016|access-date=July 12, 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116212114/http://www.musiccanada.com/GPSearchResult.aspx?st=&ica=False&sa=Beyonce&sl=&smt=0&sat=-1&ssb=Artist|archive-date=January 16, 2014}}</ref> | ''[[Number 1's (Destiny's Child album)|#1's]] and [[B'Day]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Déjà Vu (Beyoncé song)|Déjà Vu]]"<br />{{small|(featuring Jay-Z)}} | rowspan="3"| 2006 | 4 || 12 || 14 || 23 || 9 || 3 || 13 || 15 || 3 || 1 | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA21" /> * BPI: Gold<ref name=bpi /> * MC: Gold<ref name="Certification list" /> | rowspan="3"| ''B'Day'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Ring the Alarm]]" | 11 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Irreplaceable]]" | 1 || 1 || 2 || 10 || 11 || 1 || 5 || 1 || 9 ||4 | * RIAA: 6× Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: 7× Platinum<ref name="ARIA24s"/> * BPI: 2× Platinum<ref name=bpi /> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="Musik" /> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref name="RadioScopePostBDay">{{cite web|url=http://www.radioscope.net.nz/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=77&Itemid=63|title=Latest Gold / Platinum Singles |date=July 24, 2011| publisher=RadioScope |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724195845/http://www.radioscope.net.nz/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=77&Itemid=61|archive-date=July 24, 2011 }}</ref> * MC: 3× Platinum{{Certification Cite Ref|region=Canada|type=digital|title=Irreplaceable|artist=Beyonce|access-date=December 22, 2012}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[Listen (Beyoncé song)|Listen]]" | rowspan="5"| 2007 | 61 || — || — || — || 18 || 6 || 18 || — || — || 8 | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA21" /> * BPI: Platinum<ref name=bpi /> * MC: Gold<ref name="Certification list" /> | ''[[Dreamgirls: Music from the Motion Picture|Dreamgirls]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Beautiful Liar]]"<br />{{small|(with [[Shakira]])}} | 3 || 5 || 2 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 | * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: 2× Platinum<ref name="aria cert 2019">{{cite web|url=http://www.aria.com.au/pages/SinglesAccreds2019.htm |title=ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2019 Singles |publisher=[[Australian Recording Industry Association]] |access-date=January 12, 2020}}</ref> * BPI: Platinum<ref name=bpi /> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="Musik" /> * RMNZ: Gold<ref name="RadioScopePostBDay" /> * MC: Platinum<ref name="Certification list" /> | ''B'Day: Deluxe Edition'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Get Me Bodied]]" | 46 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: Gold<ref name="ARIA21" /> | rowspan="2"| ''B'Day'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Green Light (Beyoncé song)|Green Light]]" | — || — || — || — || — || 46 || 20 || — || — || 12 | * BPI: Silver<ref name=bpi/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Until the End of Time (Justin Timberlake and Beyoncé song)|Until the End of Time]]"<br />{{small|(with [[Justin Timberlake]])}} | 17 || — || — || — || — || — || — || 31 || — || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA" /> | ''[[FutureSex/LoveSounds]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[If I Were a Boy]]" | rowspan="3"| 2008 | 3 || 3 || 4 || 5 || 3 || 2 || 1 || 2 || 3 || 1 | * RIAA: 6× Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: 7× Platinum<ref name="ARIA23s" /> * BPI: 2× Platinum<ref name=bpi /> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="Musik" /> * IFPI SWI: Platinum<ref name="SWICerts10">{{cite web|url=http://swisscharts.com/awards.asp?year=2010 |title=2010 Certifications Singles: and Albums |publisher=[[International Federation of the Phonographic Industry]] (Switzerland). Hung Medien |language=de |access-date=April 7, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100526021757/http://swisscharts.com/awards.asp?year=2010 |archive-date=May 26, 2010}}</ref> * MC: 5× Platinum<ref name="CRIA09">{{cite web|url=http://www.cria.ca/gold/0709_g.php |title=Gold & Platinum Certification: July 2009 |publisher=[[Canadian Recording Industry Association]] |access-date=April 6, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706174430/http://www.cria.ca/gold/0709_g.php |archive-date=July 6, 2011}}</ref> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref name="RadioScopePostBDay" /> | rowspan="2"| ''[[I Am... Sasha Fierce]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)]]" | 1 || 5 || 2 || 68 || 3 || 4 || 12 || 2 || 40 || 7 | * RIAA: 9× Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: 10× Platinum<ref name="ARIA23s" /> * BPI: 2× Platinum<ref name=bpi /> * BVMI: 3× Gold<ref name="Musik" /> * MC: 6× Platinum<ref name="CRIA09" /> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref name="RadioScopePostBDay" /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[At Last#Beyoncé version|At Last]]" | 67 || — || 79 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Cadillac Records: Music from the Motion Picture|Cadillac Records]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Diva (Beyoncé song)|Diva]]" | rowspan="6"| 2009 | 19 || 40 || — || — || — || 50 || 73 || 26 || — || 72 | * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA21" /> * BPI: Silver<ref name=bpi /> * MC: Platinum<ref name="Certification list" /> | rowspan="6"| ''I Am... Sasha Fierce'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Halo (Beyoncé song)|Halo]]" | 5 || 3 || 3 || 9 || 5 || 4 || 14 || 2 || 4 || 4 | * RIAA: 9× Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: 13× Platinum<ref name="ARIA24s" /> * BPI: 4× Platinum<ref name=bpi /> * BVMI: 3× Gold<ref name="Musik" /> * IFPI SWI: Platinum<ref name="SWICerts10" /> * MC: 9× Platinum<ref name="CRIA09" /> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref name="RadioScopePostBDay" /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Ego (Beyoncé song)|Ego]]" | 39 || — || — || — || — || — || 42 || 11 || — || 60 | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: Gold<ref name="ARIA21" /> * BPI: Silver<ref name="bpi" /> * RMNZ: Gold<ref name="RadioScopePostBDay" /> * MC: Gold<ref name="Certification list" /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Sweet Dreams (Beyoncé song)|Sweet Dreams]]" | 10 || 2 || 17 || <!-- Download and radio chart peaks are not overall -->— || 8 || 4 || 46 || 1 || 16 || 5 | * RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: 4× Platinum<ref name="ARIA23s" /> * BPI: Platinum<ref name=bpi /> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="Musik" /> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref name="RadioScopePostBDay" /> * MC: Platinum<ref name="Certification list" /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Broken-Hearted Girl]]" | — || 14 || — || — || 14 || 20 || — || — || 62 || 27 | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA21" /> * BPI: Gold<ref name=bpi /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Video Phone (song)|Video Phone]]"<br />{{small|(solo or featuring [[Lady Gaga]])}} | 65 || 31 || — || — || — || — || — || 32 || — || 58 | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: Gold<ref name="ARIA21" /> |- | colspan="20" align="center" style="font-size:90%;"| "—" inaashiria vitu ambavyo havikutolewa katika nchi hiyo au vilishindwa kuingia kwenye chati |} === Maiaka ya 2010 === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align: center;" border="1" |+ Orodha ya nyimbo kama msanii kiongozi, ikiwa na nafasi zilizochaguliwa za chati na Vyeti, ikionyesha Mwaka wa kutolewa na Jina la Albamu. ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:15em;"| Jina ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" colspan="10"| Nafasi za juu kwenye chati ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:15em;"| [[List of music recording certifications|Vyeti]] ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:12em;"| Albamu |- ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Billboard Hot 100|US]]<br /><ref name="US"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[ARIA Charts|AUS]]<br /><ref name="AUS Lead"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Canadian Hot 100|CAN]]<br /><ref name="CAN"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique|FRA]]<br /><ref name="FRA"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[GfK Entertainment charts|GER]]<br /><ref name="GER"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Irish Singles Chart|IRE]]<br /><ref name="IRE"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Dutch Single Top 100|NLD]]<br /><ref name="NLD"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Official New Zealand Music Chart|NZ]]<br /><ref name="NZ"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Swiss Hitparade|SWI]]<br /><ref name="SWI"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[UK Singles Chart|UK]]<br /><ref name="UK"/> <!-- NOTE TO EDITORS: PLEASE DO NOT ADD MORE CHARTS, [[MOS:DISCOG]] RECOMMENDS NO MORE THAN 10 CHARTS --> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Why Don't You Love Me (Beyoncé song)|Why Don't You Love Me]]" | 2010 | — || 73 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || 51 | | rowspan="1"| ''I Am... Sasha Fierce'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Run the World (Girls)]]" | rowspan="5"| 2011 | 29 || 10 || 16 || 12 || — || 11 || 8 || 9 || 22 || 11 | * RIAA: 4× Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: 5× Platinum<ref name="ARIA2022s">{{cite certification|region=Australia|certyear=2022|type=single|access-date=December 5, 2022}}</ref> * BPI: Platinum<ref name=bpi /> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="Musik" /> * MC: 3× Platinum{{Certification Cite Ref|region=Canada|type=digital|title=Run the World (Girls)|artist=Beyonce|access-date=December 22, 2012}} * RMNZ: Gold<ref name="RadioScopePostBDay" /> | rowspan="7"| ''[[4 (Beyoncé album)|4]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Best Thing I Never Had]]" | 16 || 17 || 27 || 61 || 29 || 2 || 37 || 5 || 35 || 3 | * RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: 4× Platinum<ref name=ARIA2022s /> * BPI: 2× Platinum<ref name=bpi /> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="Musik" /> * MC: 2× Platinum{{Certification Cite Ref|region=Canada|type=digital|title=Best Thing I Never Had|artist=Beyonce|access-date=December 22, 2012}} * RMNZ: Gold<ref name=RIANZ-BTINH>{{cite web|title=The Official New Zealand Music Chart |url=http://rianz.org.nz/rianz/oldchart.asp?chartNum=1789 |date=September 5, 2011 |publisher=Recording Industry Association of New Zealand |access-date=July 9, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019123119/http://rianz.org.nz/rianz/oldchart.asp?chartNum=1789 |archive-date=October 19, 2013 }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Party (Beyoncé song)|Party]]"<br />{{small|(featuring [[André 3000]])}} | 50 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: Gold<ref name="ARIA21" /> * MC: Gold<ref name="Certification list" /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Love on Top]]" | 20 || 20 || 65 || 83 || — || 21 || 61 || 14 || — || 13 | * RIAA: 4× Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: 6× Platinum<ref name="ARIA2022s" /> * BPI: 2× Platinum<ref name=bpi /> * MC: 2× Platinum{{Certification Cite Ref|region=Canada|type=digital|title=Love on Top|artist=Beyonce|access-date=December 22, 2012}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[Countdown (Beyoncé song)|Countdown]]" | 71 || — || 62 || — || — || 45 || 92 || — || — || 35 | * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA21" /> * BPI: Gold<ref name=bpi /> * MC: Platinum<ref name="Certification list" /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[I Care (Beyoncé song)|I Care]]" | rowspan="2"| 2012 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "[[End of Time (Beyoncé song)|End of Time]]" | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"End of Time" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 13 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart.<ref name="US-Bubbling-singles" />}} || — || — || — || — || 27 || — || — || — || 39 | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: Gold<ref name="ARIA21" /> * BPI: Silver<ref name=bpi /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[XO (song)|XO]]" | rowspan="2"| 2013 | 45 || 16 || 36 || 99 || 68 || 15 || 37 || 10 || — || 22 | * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: 2× Platinum<ref name="ARIA21" /> * BPI: Platinum<ref name=bpi /> * MC: Platinum<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.musiccanada.com/GPSearchResult.aspx?st=&ica=False&sa=Beyonce&sl=&smt=0&sat=-1&ssb=Artist|title=Certification list|publisher=[[Music Canada|MC]]|date=May 2014|access-date=May 12, 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116212114/http://www.musiccanada.com/GPSearchResult.aspx?st=&ica=False&sa=Beyonce&sl=&smt=0&sat=-1&ssb=Artist|archive-date=January 16, 2014}}</ref> | rowspan="5"| ''[[Beyoncé (album)|Beyoncé]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Drunk in Love]]"<br />{{small|(featuring Jay-Z)}} | 2 || 22 || 23 || 9 || 70 || 10 || 39 || 7 || 40 || 9 | * RIAA: 6× Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: 3× Platinum<ref name="ARIA23s" /> * BPI: 2× Platinum<ref name=bpi /> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="Musik" /> * MC: 4× Platinum{{Certification Cite Ref|region=Canada|type=digital|title=Drunk In Love|artist=Beyonce|access-date=April 4, 2014}} * RMNZ: Gold<ref>{{cite web |url=http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=2441 |title=NZ Top 40 Singles Chart |publisher=Recorded Music NZ |date=March 3, 2014 |access-date=February 28, 2014 |archive-date=October 7, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141007132135/http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=2441 |url-status=live }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Partition (song)|Partition]]" | rowspan="5"| 2014 | 23 || — || 100 || 120 || — || 57 || — || — || — || 74 | * RIAA: 4× Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: 3× Platinum<ref name="ARIA2022s" /> * BPI: Platinum<ref name=bpi /> * MC: 2× Platinum<ref name="Certification list" /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Pretty Hurts]]" | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Pretty Hurts" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 13 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart </ref>}} || 47 || 78 || 133 || 83 || 56 || 87 || — || 67 || 63 | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA21" /> * BPI: Silver<ref name=bpi /> * MC: Platinum<ref name="Certification list" /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Flawless (Beyoncé song)|Flawless]]"<br />{{small|(featuring [[Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie]] or [[Nicki Minaj]])}} | 41 || — || 88 || 83 || — || 77 || — || — || — || 65 | * RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: Gold<ref name="ARIA21" /> * BPI: Silver<ref name=bpi /> * MC: Platinum<ref name="Certification list" /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[7/11 (song)|7/11]]" | 13 || 41 || 43 || 11 || 78 || 54 || 43 || 24 || 74 || 33 | * RIAA: 4× Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: 3× Platinum<ref name="ARIA24s"/> * BPI: Platinum<ref name=bpi /> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="Musik" /> * RMNZ: Gold<ref>{{cite web |url=http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=2636 |title=NZ Top 40 Singles Chart |publisher=Recorded Music NZ |date=February 9, 2014 |access-date=February 6, 2014 |archive-date=March 5, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305132312/http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=2636 |url-status=live }}</ref> * MC: 2× Platinum<ref name="Certification list" /> | rowspan="2"| ''[[Beyoncé: Platinum Edition]]'' |- !scope="row"| "[[Ring Off (song)|Ring Off]]" | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Ring Off" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number five on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart || — || — || 110 || — || — || 84 || — || — || 81 | |- ! scope="row"| "[[Formation (song)|Formation]]" | rowspan="5"| 2016 | 10 || 17 || 32 || 24 || 74 || 59 || — || — || — || 31 | * RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: 2× Platinum<ref name="ARIA21" /> * BPI: Gold<ref name=bpi /> * MC: Platinum<ref name="Certification list" /> |rowspan="5"| ''[[Lemonade (album)|Lemonade]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Sorry (Beyoncé song)|Sorry]]" | 11 || 74 || 40 || 62 || — || 82 || — || — || — || 33 | * RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA21" /> * BPI: Gold<ref name=bpi /> * MC: Platinum<ref name="Certification list" /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Hold Up (song)|Hold Up]]" | 13 || 25 || 37 || 14 || — || 52 || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Hold Up" did not enter the [[Official New Zealand Music Chart|NZ Top 40 Singles Chart]], but peaked at number 1 on the NZ Heatseeker Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=4229|title=NZ Heatseeker Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=May 11, 2016|access-date=September 5, 2016|archive-date=March 8, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180308042840/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=4229|url-status=live}}</ref>}} || — || 11 | * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: 2× Platinum<ref name="ARIA21" /> * BPI: Platinum<ref>https://www.bpi.co.uk/award/13844-682-1 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231031045540/https://www.bpi.co.uk/award/13844-682-1 |date=2023-10-31 }} retrieved February 23, 2024</ref> * MC: Platinum<ref name="Certification list" /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Freedom (Beyoncé song)|Freedom]]"<br />{{small|(featuring [[Kendrick Lamar]])}} | 35 || 62 || 60 || 53 || — || 95 || — || — || — || 40 | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: Gold<ref name="ARIA21" /> * BPI: Silver<ref name="bpi" /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[All Night (Beyoncé song)|All Night]]" | 38 || — || 73 || 71 || — || — || — || — || — || 60 | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: Gold<ref name="ARIA21" /> * BPI: Silver <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Beyonce, All Night, Single |url=https://www.bpi.co.uk/award/14102-682-1 |access-date=2024-02-23 |website=BPI |language=en |archive-date=2024-02-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223193457/https://www.bpi.co.uk/award/14102-682-1 |url-status=live }}</ref> * MC: Gold<ref name="Certification list" /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Perfect (Ed Sheeran song)#"Perfect Duet" version|Perfect Duet]]"<br />{{small|(with [[Ed Sheeran]])}} | 2017 | <!-- DO NOT add peaks for "Perfect" that do not credit Beyoncé. This violates [[WP:OR]]. Do not add notes saying "the original was combined" if you have no OFFICIAL proof. -->1 || <!-- UNLESS you can find a source saying "Beyoncé's version reached number one", not that it merely HELPED, do NOT add peaks here. -->— || 1 || — || — || — || 1 || 1 || — || — |<!-- Don't add certifications where Beyoncé isn't credited. This is [[WP:OR]]. --> * RMNZ: 2× Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=New Zealand|type=single|artist=Ed Sheeran and Beyoncé|title=Perfect Duet|id=4434|access-date=December 19, 2017}}</ref> | {{N/A|Non-album single}} |-<!-- NOTE: Please stop restoring the Carters singles here; that act has an article of its own. This is Beyoncé's discography, where she is credited as an artist, not where she doesn't go by her own name as part of another musical act. It's tantamount to putting Destiny's Child singles here. Also, Family Feud is featuring Beyoncé, she does not receive equal credit, so do not put it here. --> ! scope="row"| "[[Spirit (Beyoncé song)|Spirit]]" | rowspan="2"| 2019 | 98 || 99 || 92 || — || — || 65 || 67 || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Spirit" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 12 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4685|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=Recorded Music NZ|date=July 22, 2019|access-date=July 20, 2019|archive-date=July 20, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190720022327/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4685|url-status=live}}</ref>}} || — || 59 | | ''[[The Lion King (2019 soundtrack)|The Lion King: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack]]'' and ''[[The Lion King: The Gift]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Brown Skin Girl]]"<br />{{small|(with [[Saint Jhn]] and [[Wizkid]] featuring Blue Ivy Carter)}} | 76 || — || 60 || — || — || 50 || 82 || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Brown Skin Girl" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number six on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4727|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=Recorded Music NZ|date=July 29, 2019|access-date=July 27, 2019|archive-date=July 26, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190726220813/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4727|url-status=live}}</ref>}} || — || 42 | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: Gold<ref name="ARIA23s" /> * BPI: Silver<ref name=bpi /> * MC: Gold<ref>{{cite certification|region=Canada|type=single|artist=Beyonce, SAINt JHN & WizKiD}}</ref> | ''The Lion King: The Gift'' |- | colspan="20" align="center" style="font-size:90%;"| "—" inaashiria vitu ambavyo havikutolewa katika nchi hiyo au vilishindwa kuingia kwenye chati |} === Miaka ya 2020 === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align: center;" border="1" |+ Orodha ya nyimbo kama msanii kiongozi, ikiwa na nafasi zilizochaguliwa za chati na Vyeti, ikionyesha Mwaka wa kutolewa na Jina la Albamu. ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:15.5em;"| Jina ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" colspan="10"| Nafasi za juu kwenye chati ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:15em;"| [[List of music recording certifications|Vyeti]] ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:12em;"| Albamu |- ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Billboard Hot 100|US]]<br /><ref name="US"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[ARIA Charts|AUS]]<br /><ref name="AUS Lead"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Canadian Hot 100|CAN]]<br /><ref name="CAN"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique|FRA]]<br /><ref name="FRA"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Irish Singles Chart|IRE]]<br /><ref name="IRE"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Dutch Single Top 100|NLD]]<br /><ref name="NLD"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Official New Zealand Music Chart|NZ]]<br /><ref name="NZ"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Swiss Hitparade|SWI]]<br /><ref name="SWI"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[UK Singles Chart|UK]]<br /><ref name="UK"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Billboard Global 200|WW]]<br /><ref name="WW">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/beyonce/chart-history/glo/|title=Beyoncé Chart History: Billboard Global 200|magazine=Billboard|access-date=April 9, 2024|archive-date=August 9, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220809012358/https://www.billboard.com/artist/beyonce/chart-history/glo/|url-status=live}}</ref> <!-- NOTE TO EDITORS: PLEASE DO NOT ADD MORE CHARTS, [[MOS:DISCOG]] RECOMMENDS NO MORE THAN 10 CHARTS --> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Black Parade (song)|Black Parade]]"{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Black Parade" was also released as a [[Charity record|charity single]] to raise funds for the BeyGOOD Black Business Impact Fund, administered by the [[National Urban League]].}} | 2020 | 37 || 76 || 70 || — || 45 || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Black Parade" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number three on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4878|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=Recorded Music NZ|date=June 29, 2020|access-date=June 27, 2020|archive-date=June 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200628094316/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=4878|url-status=live}}</ref>}} || — || 49 || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA" /> | ''The Lion King: The Gift'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Be Alive]]" | 2021 | — || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Be Alive" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number 36 on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5234|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=November 22, 2021|access-date=November 20, 2021|archive-date=November 19, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211119215408/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5234|url-status=live}}</ref>}} || — || — || — | | {{Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[Break My Soul]]" | rowspan="2"| 2022 | 1 || 6 || 4 || 18 || 1 || 14 || 16 || 15 || 2 || 6 | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: 2× Platinum<ref name="ARIA24s"/> * BPI: Platinum<ref name=bpi /> * MC: Platinum<ref name="Certification list" /> * SNEP: Platinum<ref name="FR certs">{{cite web|title=Les Certifications|url=http://snepmusique.com/les-certifications/?interprete=Beyonc%C3%A9|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160122073327/http://www.snepmusique.com/les-disques-dor/?awards_cat=0&awards_awd=0&awards_year=0&awards_artist=beyonce&submitAdvanced=Rechercher|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 22, 2016|publisher=Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique|access-date=September 7, 2015}}</ref> * IFPI SWI: Platinum<ref name="ifpi-swi">{{cite web | url=http://www.swisscharts.com/search_certifications.asp?search=Beyonc%E9 | title=Die Offizielle Schweizer Hitparade – hitparade.ch | access-date=December 5, 2022 | archive-date=December 5, 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205113403/http://www.swisscharts.com/search_certifications.asp?search=Beyonc%E9 | url-status=live }}</ref> | rowspan="4"| ''[[Renaissance (Beyoncé album)|Renaissance]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Cuff It]]" | 6 || 8 || 16 || 14 || 6 || 22 || 3 || 18 || 5 || 12 | * ARIA: 2× Platinum<ref name=ARIA23s/> * BPI: Platinum<ref name=bpi /> * IFPI SWI: Platinum<ref name="ifpi-swi" /> * MC: 2× Platinum<ref name="Certification list" /> * SNEP: Diamond<ref name="FR certs" /> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=New Zealand|type=single|artist=Beyoncé|title=Cuff It|id=5432|access-date=December 24, 2022}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "[[America Has a Problem]]"<br />{{small|(solo or featuring [[Kendrick Lamar]])}} | rowspan="4"| 2023 | 38 || 32 || 41 || — || 15 || 99 || 25 || 96 || 22 || 40 | * ARIA: Gold<ref name=ARIA23s/> * BPI: Silver<ref name=bpi /> * MC: Gold<ref name="Certification list" /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Virgo's Groove]]" | 43 || 78 || 65 || 176 || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Virgo's Groove" did not enter the UK Singles Chart but peaked at number 61 on the Official Audio Streaming Chart.<ref name="UK-Stream" />}} || 46 |- ! scope="row"| "[[Delresto (Echoes)]]"<br />{{small|(with [[Travis Scott]])}} | 25 || 34 || 26 || 38 || — || — || 30 || — || — || 19 | | ''[[Utopia (Travis Scott album)|Utopia]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[My House (Beyoncé song)|My House]]" | 57 || — || 64 || — || 53 || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"My House" did not enter the [[Dutch Single Top 100]], but peaked at number four on the Single Tip chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dutchcharts.nl/weekchart.asp?cat=st&date=20231209&year=2023|title=Dutch Single Tip 09/12/2023|website=dutchcharts.nl|language=nl|access-date=December 9, 2023|archive-date=December 9, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209011319/https://dutchcharts.nl/weekchart.asp?cat=st&date=20231209&year=2023|url-status=live}}</ref>}} || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"My House" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number three on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5724|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=December 11, 2023|access-date=December 9, 2023|archive-date=December 8, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231208154646/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5724|url-status=live}}</ref>}} || — || 56 || 63 | | {{Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[Texas Hold 'Em (song)|Texas Hold 'Em]]" | rowspan="3"| 2024 | 1 || 2 || 1 || 4 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 2 || 1 || 1 | * ARIA: Platinum<ref name=ARIA24s/> * BPI: Platinum<ref name=bpi /> * IFPI SWI: Platinum<ref name="ifpi-swi" /> * MC: 2× Platinum<ref name="Certification list" /> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=New Zealand|type=single|artist=Beyoncé|title=Texas Hold 'Em|certyear=2024|id=5799|access-date=April 30, 2024}}</ref> * SNEP: Diamond<ref name="FR certs" /> | rowspan="3"| ''[[Cowboy Carter]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[16 Carriages]]" | 38 || 85 || 56 || 128 || 57 || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"16 Carriages" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number nine on the NZ Hot Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5760|title=NZ Hot Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=February 19, 2024|access-date=February 16, 2024|archive-date=February 16, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216052145/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/hotsingles?chart=5760|url-status=live}}</ref>}} || — || 44 || 40 | |- ! scope="row"| "[[II Most Wanted]]"<br />{{small|(with [[Miley Cyrus]])}} | 6 || 16 || 17 || 63 || 13 || 27 || 17 || 20 || 9 || 10 | * MC: Gold<ref name="Certification list" /> |- | colspan="20" align="center" style="font-size:90%;"| "—" denotes items which were not released in that country or failed to chart. |} == As featured artist == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+ Orodha ya nyimbo kama msanii aliyeshirikishwa, ikiwa na nafasi zilizochaguliwa za chati na Vyeti, ikionyesha Mwaka wa kutolewa na Jina la Albamu ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:19.5em;"| Jina ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" colspan="10"| Nafasi za juu kwenye chati ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:12.5em;"| [[List of music recording certifications|Vyeti]] ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:12.5em;"| Albamu |- ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Billboard Hot 100|US]]<br /><ref name="US"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[ARIA Charts|AUS]]<br /><ref name="AUS Ft">Peak chart positions for featured singles in Australia: * All except noted: {{cite web|url=http://australian-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Beyonc%E9|title=Discography Beyoncé|publisher=Australian Charts. Hung Medien|access-date=March 22, 2024|archive-date=December 27, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227063503/https://australian-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Beyonc%E9|url-status=live}} * "Hollywood": {{cite web|url=http://www.aria.com.au/issue896.pdf|archive-url=https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20070519140000/http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/23790/20070520-0000/issue896.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=May 19, 2007|title=ARIA Report|date=May 7, 2007 |publisher=[[Australian Recording Industry Association|ARIA]]. [[Australian Web Archive]]|issue=896|access-date=April 6, 2011 }}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} * "Love in This Club Part II": * "Lift Off": {{cite web|url=http://www.aria.com.au/Issue1122.pdf|archive-url=https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20110929140100/http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/23790/20110930-0001/Issue1122.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 29, 2011|title=The ARIA Report|date=August 29, 2011 |publisher=ARIA. Australian Web Archive|issue=1122|access-date=April 6, 2011 }}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} * "Shining": {{cite web|url=https://www.auspop.com.au/2017/02/aria-chart-watch-409/|title=ARIA Chart Watch #409|publisher=auspOp|date=February 25, 2017|access-date=February 25, 2017|archive-date=December 4, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204223928/https://www.auspop.com.au/2017/02/aria-chart-watch-409/|url-status=live}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Canadian Hot 100|CAN]]<br /><ref name="CAN"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique|FRA]]<br /><ref name="FRA"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[GfK Entertainment charts|GER]]<br /><ref>Peak chart positions for featured singles in Germany: * "'03 Bonnie & Clyde": * "Telephone": {{cite news|url=http://www.gfk-entertainment.com/news/metal-oper-avantasia-auf-platz-zwei-der-album-charts.html|title=Metal-Oper Avantasia auf Platz zwei der Album-Charts|date=April 2, 2010|access-date=April 17, 2011|publisher=[[Media Control Charts]]|language=de|archive-date=April 2, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402105331/http://www.gfk-entertainment.com/news/metal-oper-avantasia-auf-platz-zwei-der-album-charts.html|url-status=live|accessdate=2024-11-15|archivedate=2015-04-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402105331/http://www.gfk-entertainment.com/news/metal-oper-avantasia-auf-platz-zwei-der-album-charts.html}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Irish Singles Chart|IRE]]<br /><ref name="IRE"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Dutch Single Top 100|NLD]]<br /><ref name=nlalb>{{cite web|url=http://www.top40.nl/top40-artiesten/beyonce|title=Top 40-artiest:Beyoncé|language=nl|publisher=Top 40 Netherlands|access-date=June 17, 2013|archive-date=January 14, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160114061807/http://www.top40.nl/top40-artiesten/beyonce|url-status=live}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Official New Zealand Music Chart|NZ]]<br /><ref name="NZ"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Swiss Hitparade|SWI]]<br /><ref name="SWI"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[UK Singles Chart|UK]]<br /><ref name="UK"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[I Got That]]"<br />{{small|([[Amil (rapper)|Amil]] featuring Beyoncé)}} | 2000 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[All Money Is Legal]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[['03 Bonnie & Clyde]]"<br />{{small|([[Jay-Z]] featuring Beyoncé)}} | 2002 | 4 || 2 || 6 || 25 || 6 || 8 || 5 || 4 || 1 || 2 | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=Australia|type=single|certyear=2003|access-date=February 3, 2022}}</ref> * BPI: Gold<ref name=bpi /> | ''[[The Blueprint 2: The Gift & The Curse]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Hollywood (Jay-Z song)|Hollywood]]"<br />{{small|(Jay-Z featuring Beyoncé)}} | 2007 | — || 98 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[Kingdom Come (Jay-Z album)|Kingdom Come]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Love in This Club Part II]]"<br />{{small|([[Usher (entertainer)|Usher]] featuring Beyoncé and [[Lil Wayne]])}} | 2008 | 18 || 96 || 69 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> | ''[[Here I Stand (Usher album)|Here I Stand]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Put It in a Love Song]]"<br />{{small|([[Alicia Keys]] featuring Beyoncé)}} | rowspan="2"| 2010 | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Put It in a Love Song" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number two on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart.<ref name="alicia">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/alicia-keys/chart-history/bubbling-under-hot-100|title=Alicia Keys – Chart History: Bubbling Under Hot 100|magazine=Billboard|access-date=March 22, 2014|archive-date=November 21, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211121093639/https://www.billboard.com/artist/alicia-keys/chart-history/bubbling-under-hot-100/|url-status=live}}</ref>}} || 18 || 71 || — || — || 26 || — || 24 || — || — | * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA21" /> | ''[[The Element of Freedom]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Telephone (song)|Telephone]]"<br />{{small|([[Lady Gaga]] featuring Beyoncé)}} | 3 || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3 || 1 || 6 || 3 || 3 || 1 | * RIAA: 5× Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=United States|artist=Lady Gaga|title=Telephone|access-date=March 31, 2020}}</ref> * ARIA: 8× Platinum<ref name=ARIA24s/> * BPI: 2× Platinum<ref name=bpi /> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="Musik" /> * IFPI SWI: Gold<ref name="SWICerts10" /> * MC: 3× Platinum<ref name="cria.ca">{{cite certification|region=Canada|artist=Beyonce|type=album and single|access-date=December 21, 2013}}</ref> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref name="RadioScopePostBDay" /> * SNEP: Gold<ref name="FR certs" /> | ''[[The Fame Monster]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Lift Off (song)|Lift Off]]"<br />{{small|(Jay-Z and [[Kanye West]] featuring Beyoncé)}} | 2011 | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Lift Off" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 21 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart.<ref name="US-Bubbling-singles" />}} || 81 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || 48 | | ''[[Watch the Throne]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Part II (On the Run)]]"<br />{{small|(Jay-Z featuring Beyoncé)}} | rowspan="2"| 2014 | 77 || — || — || 187 || — || — || — || — || — || 93 | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> | ''[[Magna Carta Holy Grail]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Say Yes (Michelle Williams song)|Say Yes]]"<br />{{small|([[Michelle Williams (singer)|Michelle Williams]] featuring Beyoncé and [[Kelly Rowland]])}} | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Say Yes" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number nine on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart.<ref name="US-Bubbling-singles" />}} || — || — || 90 || — || — || — || — || — || 106 | | ''[[Journey to Freedom (album)|Journey to Freedom]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Runnin' (Lose It All)]]"<br />{{small|([[Naughty Boy]] featuring Beyoncé and [[Arrow Benjamin]])}} | 2015 | 90 || 22 || 61 || 18 || 85 || 12 || 14 || 10 || 24 || 4 | * ARIA: Gold<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aria.com.au/pages/SingleAccreds2015.htm |title=ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2015 Singles |access-date=June 17, 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151106150044/http://www.aria.com.au/pages/SingleAccreds2015.htm |archive-date=November 6, 2015}}</ref> * BPI: 2× Platinum<ref name=bpi /> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=New Zealand|type=single|id=4162|access-date=November 6, 2015}}</ref> | {{N/A|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[Shining (song)|Shining]]"<br />{{small|([[DJ Khaled]] featuring Beyoncé and Jay-Z)}} | rowspan="3"| 2017 | 57 || 93 || 72 || 75 || — || — || — || — || — || 71 | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: Gold<ref name=ARIA2022s /> * BPI: Silver<ref name=bpi /> * MC: Gold<ref name="cria.ca" /> | ''[[Grateful (DJ Khaled album)|Grateful]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Mi Gente (J Balvin and Willy William song)#Beyoncé remix|Mi Gente]]" (remix)<br />{{small|([[J Balvin]] and [[Willy William]] featuring Beyoncé)}} | 3 || 11 || 2 || — || — || — || 1 || 39 || 16 || — | * RIAA: 68× Platinum (Latin)<ref>{{cite certification|region=United States|artist=J Balvin & Willy William|title=Mi Gente|access-date=October 29, 2018}}</ref> * ARIA: 3× Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=Australia|certyear=2018}}</ref> * SNEP: Gold<ref name="FR certs" /> | {{N/A|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[Walk on Water (Eminem song)|Walk on Water]]"<br />{{small|([[Eminem]] featuring Beyoncé)}} | 14 || 10 || 22 || 13 || 16 || 8 || 14 || 18 || 5 || 7 | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: Platinum<ref name=ARIA24s /> * BPI: Silver<ref name=bpi /> * MC: Platinum<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://musiccanada.com/gold-platinum/|title=Gold/Platinum|website=Musiccanada.com|access-date=November 11, 2021|archive-date=June 24, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624042344/http://musiccanada.com/gold-platinum/|url-status=live}}</ref> | ''[[Revival (Eminem album)|Revival]]'' |- ! scope="row" | "[[Family Feud (song)|Family Feud]]"<br />{{small|(Jay-Z featuring Beyoncé)}} | rowspan="2" |2018 | 51 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA" /> |''[[4:44]]'' |- ! scope="row" | "[[Top Off]]"<br />{{small|(DJ Khaled featuring Jay-Z, [[Future (rapper)|Future]] and Beyoncé)}} | 22 || — || 48 || 55 || 98 || 67 || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Top Off" did not enter the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart, but peaked at number five on the NZ Heatseeker Singles Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=4460|title=NZ Heatseeker Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=March 12, 2018|access-date=March 9, 2018|archive-date=March 11, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311141023/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=4460|url-status=live}}</ref>}} || 66 || 41 | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * MC: Gold<ref>{{cite certification|region=Canada|type=single|artist=DJ Khaled|title=Top Off|award=Gold|certyear=2018}}</ref> | ''[[Father of Asahd]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Savage (Megan Thee Stallion song)#Beyoncé remix|Savage Remix]]"<br />{{small|([[Megan Thee Stallion]] featuring Beyoncé)}} | 2020 | 1 || — || 9 || — || — || — || 28 || 2 || — || — | * MC: 5× Platinum<ref name="Certification list" /> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=New Zealand|type=single|artist=Megan Thee Stallion feat. Beyoncé|title=Savage (remix)|id=4880|access-date=July 3, 2020}}</ref> * SNEP: Gold<ref name="FR certs" /> | ''[[Good News (Megan Thee Stallion album)|Good News]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Make Me Say It Again, Girl (song)|Make Me Say It Again, Girl]]"<br />{{small|([[Ronald Isley]] and [[the Isley Brothers]] featuring Beyoncé)}} | 2022 | —{{efn-ua|"Make Me Say It Again, Girl" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 50 on the [[Digital Song Sales]] chart.<ref name="US-Digital" />}} || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''Make Me Say It Again, Girl'' |- | colspan="14" align="center" style="font-size:90%;"| "—" inaashiria vitu ambavyo havikutolewa katika nchi hiyo au vilishindwa kuingia kwenye chati |} == Nyimbo za promosheni == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" border="1" |+ Orodha ya nyimbo za utangazaji, ikiwa na nafasi zilizochaguliwa za chati, ikionyesha Mwaka wa kutolewa na Jina la Albamu ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:14em;"| Jina ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" colspan="7" | Nafasi za juu kwenye chati ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:10em;"| Vyeti ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:16em;"| Albamu |- ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Billboard Hot 100|US]]<br /><ref name="US"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|US<br />R&B<br />/HH]]<br /><ref name="r&bsingles">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/beyonce/chart-history/bsi/|title=Beyonce Chart History: R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|magazine=Billboard|access-date=April 9, 2024|archive-date=February 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210209223412/https://www.billboard.com/music/beyonce/chart-history/BSI/4|url-status=live}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[ARIA Charts|AUS]]<br /><ref name="AUS">{{cite web|url=http://australian-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Beyonc%E9|title=Discography Beyoncé|publisher=Australian Charts. Hung Medien|access-date=March 22, 2024|archive-date=December 27, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227063503/https://australian-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Beyonc%E9|url-status=live}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Canadian Hot 100|CAN]]<br /><ref name="CAN"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique|FRA]]<br /><ref name="FRA"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Irish Singles Chart|IRE]]<br /><ref name="IRE"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[UK Singles Chart|UK]]<br /><ref>Peak chart positions for promotional singles in UK: * All except "One Night Only", "Upgrade U" and "At Last": {{cite web|url=http://www.officialcharts.com/artist/_/beyonc%C3%A9/|title=Beyonce – Chart History|publisher=Official Charts Company|access-date=June 17, 2013|archive-date=January 4, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140104004742/http://www.officialcharts.com/artist/_/beyonc%C3%A9/|url-status=live}} * "One Night Only": {{cite web|url=http://www.officialcharts.com/artist/_/deena%20jones%20%26%20the%20dreams/|title=Deena Jones & The Dreams – One Night Only|publisher=Official Charts Company|access-date=June 17, 2013|archive-date=December 26, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141226153954/http://www.officialcharts.com/artist/_/deena%20jones%20%26%20the%20dreams/|url-status=live}} * "Upgrade U": {{cite web|author=Zywietz, Tobias|url=http://zobbel.de/cluk/CLUK_K.HTM|title=Chart Log UK: Alex K – Kyuss|publisher=Zobbel Archive (UK)|access-date=April 7, 2011|archive-date=March 12, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120312080813/http://www.zobbel.de/cluk/CLUK_K.HTM|url-status=live}} * "At Last": {{cite web |url=http://www.zobbel.de/cluk/110709cluk.txt |title=Chart Log UK: July 9, 2011 |publisher=Zobbel Archive (UK) |access-date=August 2, 2011 |archive-date=March 3, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303210336/http://zobbel.de/cluk/110709cluk.txt |url-status=live }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "I Can't Take It No More" | rowspan="3"| 2003 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | rowspan="3"| ''Dangerously in Love'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Daddy (Beyoncé song)|Daddy]]" | — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "What's It Gonna Be"<ref>{{cite web|title=What's It Gonna Be – Single by Beyoncé|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/whats-it-gonna-be-single/id197630654|website=iTunes Store|date=July 29, 2003|access-date=May 14, 2014|archive-date=March 5, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305160054/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/whats-it-gonna-be-single/id197630654|url-status=live}}</ref> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "[[One Night Only (song)|One Night Only]]"<br />{{small|(with [[Dreamgirls (film)#Cast|Deena Jones and the Dreams]])}} | rowspan="2"| 2006 | — || — || — || — || — || — || 67 | | ''Dreamgirls'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Upgrade U]]"<br />{{small|(featuring Jay-Z)}} | 59 || 11 || — || — || — || — || — | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA2022s" /> * BPI: Silver<ref name=bpi /> * MC: Gold<ref name="Certification list" /> | ''B'Day'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[If I Were a Boy|Si Yo Fuera un Chico]]"<ref>{{cite web|title=Si Yo Fuera un Chico – Single by Beyoncé|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/si-yo-fuera-un-chico-single/id303289117|website=iTunes Store|date=February 3, 2009|access-date=June 22, 2013|archive-date=March 5, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305232142/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/si-yo-fuera-un-chico-single/id303289117|url-status=live}}</ref> | rowspan="2"| 2009 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''I Am... Sasha Fierce'' |- ! scope="row"| "Sing a Song"<ref>{{cite web|title=Sing a Song (feat. Beyoncé As Shine) – Single by Wubb Girlz|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/sing-song-feat.-beyonce-as/id794532633|website=iTunes Store|date=April 21, 2009|access-date=June 18, 2013|archive-date=March 6, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306202414/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/sing-song-feat.-beyonce-as/id794532633|url-status=live}}</ref> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''Wow! Wow! Wubbzy!: Sing-a-Song'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Fever (Little Willie John song)#Beyoncé version|Fever]]" | 2010 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''Heat'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[1+1 (song)|1+1]]" | 2011 | 57 || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"1+1" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number five on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart.<ref name="US-Bubbling-R&B-singles">{{cite magazine | url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=beyonce|chart=Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Songs}} | title=Beyonce – Chart History: Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Songs | magazine=Billboard | access-date=January 13, 2014}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>}} || — || 82 || — || — || 71 | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: Gold<ref name="ARIA21" /> * BPI: Silver<ref name=bpi /> | ''4'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Daddy Lessons]]" <br />{{small|(featuring the [[The Chicks|Dixie Chicks]])}} | 2016 | 41 || 26 || — || 62 || 90 || — || 40 | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: Gold<ref name="ARIA21" /> * BPI: Silver<ref name=bpi /> * MC: Platinum<ref name="Certification list" /> | ''Lemonade'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Die with You|Die akiwa na You]]" | 2017 | —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Die with You" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number 21 on the [[Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles]] chart.<ref name="US-Bubbling-singles" />}} || — || — || — || 51 || — || 62 | | {{N/A|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "[[Mood 4 Eva]]"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://listen.tidal.com/album/113655760|title=MOOD 4 EVA (Extended Version) / Beyoncé – TIDAL|author=[[Beyoncé]]|author2=[[Jay-Z]]|author3=[[Donald Glover|Childish Gambino]]|date=July 19, 2019|website=listen.tidal.com|access-date=September 11, 2020|archive-date=December 2, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202191855/https://listen.tidal.com/album/113655760|url-status=live}}</ref><br />{{small|(with Jay-Z and [[Donald Glover|Childish Gambino]] featuring [[Oumou Sangaré]])}} | 2019 | 90 || 33 || 48 || 64 || — || 54 || 56 | | ''The Lion King: The Gift'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Grown Woman (Beyoncé song)|Grown Woman]]" | 2023 | — || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Grown Woman" did not enter the UK Singles Chart but debuted and peaked at number 67 on the UK Singles Downloads Chart.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.officialcharts.com/charts/singles-downloads-chart/20231215/7000/|title=Official Singles Downloads Chart on 15/12/2023 15 December 2023 - 21 December 2023|website=Official Charts|date=15 December 2023|access-date=12 February 2024|archive-date=25 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240225112836/https://www.officialcharts.com/charts/singles-downloads-chart/20231215/7000/|url-status=live}}</ref>}} | | {{N/A|Non-album single}} |- | colspan="11" style="font-size:90%;"| "—" inaashiria vitu ambavyo havikutolewa katika nchi hiyo au vilishindwa kuingia kwenye chati |} == Nyimbo za hisani == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" border="1" |+ Orodha ya nyimbo za hisani, ikiwa na nafasi zilizochaguliwa za chati, ikionyesha Mwaka wa kutolewa ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:20em;"| Jina ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:2.5em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" colspan="7" | Nafasi za juu kwenye chati ! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Notes |- ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Billboard Hot 100|US]]<br /><ref name="US"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;" | [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|US<br />R&B<br />/HH]]<br /><ref name=r&bsingles /> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[ARIA Charts|AUS]]<br /><ref name="AUS"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Canadian Hot 100|CAN]]<br /><ref name="CAN"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Irish Singles Chart|IRE]]<br /><ref name="IRE"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Official New Zealand Music Chart|NZ]]<br /><ref name="NZ"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[UK Singles Chart|UK]]<br /><ref name="UK"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[What More Can I Give]]"<br />{{small|(with [[What More Can I Give#The All Stars|The All Stars]])}} | 2003 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — | * To commemorate the victims of [[September 11 attacks]]. |- ! scope="row"| "[[Performances and adaptations of The Star-Spangled Banner#The Star Spangled Banner (Super Bowl XXXVIII Performance)|The Star Spangled Banner (Super Bowl XXXVIII Performance | 2004 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — | * Recorded live at [[Super Bowl XXXVIII]] in 2004. |- ! scope="row"| "[[Just Stand Up!]]"<br />{{small|(with Artists Stand Up to Cancer)}} | 2008 | 11 || 57 || 39 || 10 || 11 || 19 || 26 | * Part of the [[Stand Up to Cancer]] campaign. |- ! scope="row"| "[[Halo (Beyoncé song)|Halo (Live)]]"<br /> | 2010 | {{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Halo" (live) did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number five on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart.<ref name="US-Bubbling-singles" />}} || || || 58 || || || | * Accompanied by [[Chris Martin]] on piano, the song was performed live for the [[Hope for Haiti Now]] charity telethon and appears on the 2010 ''[[Hope for Haiti Now (album)|Hope For Haiti Now]]'' Albamu. |- ! scope="row"| "[[God Bless the U.S.A.|God Bless the USA]]"<ref>{{cite news |last=Martin |first=Dan |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2011/may/06/beyonce-charity-single-god-bless-usa |title=Beyonce debuts charity single God Bless the USA |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=May 6, 2011 |access-date=May 6, 2011 |archive-date=September 30, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130930075621/http://www.theguardian.com/music/2011/may/06/beyonce-charity-single-god-bless-usa |url-status=live }}</ref> | rowspan="2"| 2011 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — | style="text-align:left;"| * To raise funds for the [[New York Police and Fire Widows' and Children's Benefit Fund]]. |- ! scope="row"| "[[Irreplaceable#Live performances|Irreplaceable]]" (Live at Glastonbury)<ref name="Charity song">{{cite news|url=http://www.glastonburyfestivals.co.uk/news/download-u2-beyonce-and-coldplay-performances-on-itunes-raising-funds-for-glastonburys-charities|title=Download U2, Beyonce and Coldplay performances on iTunes, raising funds for Glastonbury's charities|publisher=[[Glastonbury Festival]] Official Website|date=June 27, 2011|access-date=September 21, 2011|archive-date=August 31, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110831143256/http://www.glastonburyfestivals.co.uk/news/download-u2-beyonce-and-coldplay-performances-on-itunes-raising-funds-for-glastonburys-charities|url-status=live}}</ref> | — || — || — || — || — || — || 33 | style="text-align:left;"| * To raise funds for [[Oxfam]], [[WaterAid]] and [[Greenpeace]]. |- ! scope="row"| "Say Her Name (Hell You Talmbout)"<br />{{small|(with [[Janelle Monáe]] and various artists and activists)}} | 2021 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — | style="text-align:left;"| * To highlight the deaths of black women at the hands of police in the US. All proceeds go to the [[African American Policy Forum]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Jones |first1=Damian |title=Janelle Monaé shares new protest song 'Say Her Name' |url=https://www.nme.com/news/music/janelle-monae-shares-new-protest-song-say-her-name-3054581 |website=NME |date=September 24, 2021 |access-date=October 19, 2021 |archive-date=October 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021172052/https://www.nme.com/news/music/janelle-monae-shares-new-protest-song-say-her-name-3054581 |url-status=live }}</ref> |- | colspan="14" align="center" style="font-size:90%;"| "—" inaashiria vitu ambavyo havikutolewa katika nchi hiyo au vilishindwa kuingia kwenye chati |} == Nyimbo nyingine zilizo kwenye chati na kuthibitishwa == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" border="1" |+ Orodha ya nyimbo nyingine zilizoorodheshwa kwenye chati, ikiwa na nafasi zilizochaguliwa za chati na Vyeti, ikionyesha Mwaka wa kutolewa na Jina la Albamu ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:17.5em;"| Jina ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" colspan="10"| Nafasi za juu kwenye chati ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:12em;"| [[List of music recording certifications|Vyeti]] ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:15em;"| Albamu |- ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Billboard Hot 100|US]]<br /><ref name="US"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|US<br />R&B<br />/HH]]<br /><ref name="r&bsingles" /> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[ARIA Charts|AUS]]<br /><ref name="AUS Songs">Peak chart positions for other songs in Australia: * All except noted: {{cite web|url=http://australian-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Beyonc%E9|title=Discography Beyoncé|publisher=Australian Charts. Hung Medien|access-date=March 22, 2024|archive-date=December 27, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227063503/https://australian-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Beyonc%E9|url-status=live}} * "Ave Maria": {{cite web|url=http://www.aria.com.au/ARIAIssue1273.pdf|archive-url=https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20140722044500/http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/23790/20140722-1445/ARIAIssue1273.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 22, 2014|title=The ARIA Report: Issue 1273 (Week Commencing 21 July 2014)|publisher=ARIA. Australian Web Archive|page=2|access-date=July 24, 2014}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} * "I Was Here": * "Feeling Myself": {{cite web|url=http://www.noise11.com/news/aria-singles-taylor-swift-bad-blood-is-no-1-20150530|title=ARIA Singles: Taylor Swift Bad Blood Is No 1|publisher=Noise11|last=Ryan|first=Gavin|date=May 30, 2015|access-date=May 30, 2015|archive-date=July 23, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160723134644/http://www.noise11.com/news/aria-singles-taylor-swift-bad-blood-is-no-1-20150530|url-status=live}} * Songs from ''Lemonade'': {{cite web|url=http://www.noise11.com/news/aria-singles-pink-tops-chart-but-prince-dominates-20160430|title=ARIA Singles: Pink Tops Chart But Prince Dominates|publisher=Noise11|last=Ryan|first=Gavin|date=April 30, 2016|access-date=April 30, 2016|archive-date=August 7, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160807111637/http://www.noise11.com/news/aria-singles-pink-tops-chart-but-prince-dominates-20160430|url-status=live}} * "Can You Feel the Love Tonight": {{cite web|url=https://www.auspop.com.au/2019/07/aria-chart-watch-535/|title=ARIA Chart Watch #535|publisher=auspOp|date=July 27, 2019|access-date=July 27, 2019|archive-date=July 27, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190727074339/https://www.auspop.com.au/2019/07/aria-chart-watch-535/|url-status=live}} * Songs from ''Renaissance'': {{cite magazine|title=The ARIA Report: Week Commencing 8 August 2022|magazine=The ARIA Report|publisher=[[Australian Recording Industry Association]]|issue=1692|page=4|date=August 8, 2022}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Canadian Hot 100|CAN]]<br /><ref name="CAN"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique|FRA]]<br /><ref name="FRA"/><ref name="FRA Week 14">{{cite web|url=https://snepmusique.com/les-tops/le-top-de-la-semaine/top-albums/?categorie=Top%20Singles&semaine=14|title=Tops de la Semaine – Top Singles (Semaine du 5 avril 2024)|language=French|accessdate=April 8, 2024|publisher=[[Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique]]|archive-date=April 8, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240408142946/https://snepmusique.com/les-tops/le-top-de-la-semaine/top-albums/?categorie=Top%20Singles&semaine=14|url-status=live}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Irish Singles Chart|IRE]]<br /><ref name="IRE"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Dutch Single Top 100|NLD]]<br /><ref name="NLD"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[Swiss Hitparade|SWI]]<br /><ref name="SWI"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;"| [[UK Singles Chart|UK]]<br /><ref name="UK Ft">Peak chart positions for other charted songs in UK: *"Ave Maria": {{cite web |url=http://zobbel.de/cluk/081129cluk.txt |title=Chart Log UK: November 29, 2008 |author=Zywietz, Tobias |publisher=Zobbel Archive (UK) |access-date=July 24, 2014 |archive-date=March 11, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160311062846/http://www.zobbel.de/cluk/081129cluk.txt |url-status=live }} *"I Was Here": {{cite web |url=http://www.zobbel.de/cluk/110709cluk.txt |title=Chart Log UK: July 9, 2011 |author=Zywietz, Tobias |publisher=Zobbel Archive (UK) |access-date=August 2, 2011 |archive-date=March 3, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303210336/http://zobbel.de/cluk/110709cluk.txt |url-status=live }} *"Dance for You": {{cite web |url=http://www.zobbel.de/cluk/120204cluk.txt |title=Chart Log UK: February 4, 2012 |author=Zywietz, Tobias |publisher=Zobbel Archive (UK) |date=February 2, 2012 |access-date=May 5, 2012 |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304002253/http://www.zobbel.de/cluk/120204cluk.txt |url-status=live }} *"Haunted": {{cite web |url=http://www.zobbel.de/cluk/150221cluk.txt |title=Chart Log UK: February 21, 2015 |author=Zywietz, Tobias |publisher=Zobbel Archive (UK) |access-date=November 21, 2017 |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304003816/http://www.zobbel.de/cluk/150221cluk.txt |url-status=live }} *"Mine": *"Ring Off": *"Standing on the Sun": {{cite web |url=http://www.zobbel.de/cluk/141206cluk.txt |title=Chart Log UK: December 6, 2014 |author=Zywietz, Tobias |publisher=Zobbel Archive (UK) |access-date=December 13, 2014 |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304093319/http://zobbel.de/cluk/141206cluk.txt |url-status=live }}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.75em;font-size:85%;" | [[Billboard Global 200|WW]]<br /><ref name="WW"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Dangerously in Love 2]]" | rowspan="2"| 2003 | 57 || 17 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA" /> | ''Dangerously in Love'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[In da Club#"Sexy Lil Thug"|Sexy Lil Thug]]" | — || 67 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''Speak My Mind'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[A Woman Like Me (song)|A Woman Like Me]]" | rowspan="4"| 2006 | — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"A Woman Like Me" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number three on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart.<ref name="US-Bubbling-R&B-singles" />}} || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[The Pink Panther (2006 film)#Music|The Pink Panther]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Kitty Kat (song)|Kitty Kat]]" | — || 66 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | rowspan="3"| ''B'Day'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Freakum Dress]]" | — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Freakum Dress" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 16 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart.<ref name="US-Bubbling-R&B-singles" />}} || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA" /> |- ! scope="row"| "Lost Yo Mind" | — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Lost Yo Mind" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 17 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart.<ref name="US-Bubbling-R&B-singles" />}} || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "[[Ave Maria (Beyoncé song)|Ave Maria]]" | rowspan="3"| 2008 | — || — || 90 || — || 160<br /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://snepmusique.com/les-tops/le-top-de-la-semaine/top-albums/?semaine=52&annee=2023&categorie=Top%20Singles|title=Top Singles (Week 52, 2023)|publisher=Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique|language=French|access-date=January 2, 2024|archive-date=January 2, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102123059/https://snepmusique.com/les-tops/le-top-de-la-semaine/top-albums/?semaine=52&annee=2023&categorie=Top%20Singles|url-status=live}}</ref> || — || — || — || 150 || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: Gold<ref name="ARIA21" /> | rowspan="2"| ''I Am... Sasha Fierce'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Radio (Beyoncé song)|Radio]]" | — || — || — || — || — || — || 14 || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "[[I'd Rather Go Blind]]" | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA" /> | ''[[Cadillac Records: Music from the Motion Picture|Cadillac Records]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[See Me Now]]"<br />{{small|([[Kanye West]] featuring Beyoncé, <br />[[Charlie Wilson (singer)|Charlie Wilson]] and [[Big Sean]])}} | 2010 | — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"See Me Now" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number two on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart.<ref name="US-Bubbling-R&B-singles" />}} || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Love a Woman]]"<br />{{small|([[Mary J. Blige]] featuring Beyoncé)}} | rowspan="4"| 2011 | — || 89 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''[[My Life II... The Journey Continues (Act 1)]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[I Miss You (Beyoncé song)|I Miss You]]" | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || 184 || — | | rowspan="3"| ''4'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[I Was Here (song)|I Was Here]]" | — || — || 85 || — || — || 88 || — || 74 || 131 || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA21" /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Dance for You]]" | 78 || 7 || — || — || — || — || — || — || 147 || — | * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: Gold<ref name="ARIA21" /> * BPI: Silver<ref name=bpi /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Haunted (Beyoncé song)|Haunted]]" | rowspan="10"| 2013 | — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Haunted" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 13 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart.<ref name="US-Bubbling-R&B-singles" />}} || — || — || 99 || — || — || — || 158 || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA" /> | rowspan="10"| ''Beyoncé'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Blow (Beyoncé song)|Blow]]" | — || 48 || — || — || — || — || 63 || — || — || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA" /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[No Angel (Beyoncé song)|No Angel]]" | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA" /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Partition (Beyoncé song)|Yoncé]]" | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | * ARIA: Gold<ref name="ARIA23s" /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Jealous (Beyoncé song)|Jealous]]" | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA" /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Rocket (Beyoncé song)|Rocket]]" | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA" /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Mine (Beyoncé song)|Mine]]"<br />{{small|(featuring [[Drake (rapper)|Drake]])}} | 82 || 25 || — || 82 || 159 || — || — || — || 65 || — | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * MC: Gold<ref name="Certification list" /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Superpower (song)|Superpower]]" | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA" /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Heaven (Beyoncé song)|Heaven]]" | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA" /> |- ! scope="row"| "Blue" | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA" /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Standing on the Sun (song)|Standing on the Sun]]" (Remix)<br />{{small|(featuring [[Mr. Vegas]])}} | rowspan="2"| 2014 | — || 45 || — || — || — || — || — || — || 170 || — | | ''Beyoncé: Platinum Edition'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Feeling Myself (Nicki Minaj song)|Feeling Myself]]"<br />{{small|([[Nicki Minaj]] featuring Beyoncé)}} | 39 || 11 || 52 || 67 || 53 || — || — || — || 64 || — | * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: 2× Platinum<ref name="ARIA24s" /> * BPI: Gold<ref name=bpi /> | ''[[The Pinkprint]]'' |- |- ! scope="row"| "[[Pray You Catch Me]]" | rowspan="6"| 2016 | 37 || 22 || 97 || 71 || 96 || — || — || — || 52 || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA" /> | rowspan="6"| ''Lemonade'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Don't Hurt Yourself (Beyoncé song)|Don't Hurt Yourself]]"<br />{{small|(featuring [[Jack White]])}} | 28 || 16 || 93 || 53 || 47 || — || — || — || 36 || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA" /> * BPI: Silver<ref>{{Cite certification|region=United Kingdom|type=single|artist=Beyonce Ft Jack White|title=Don't Hurt Yourself|award=Silver|certyear=2024|id=20154-6837-1|access-date=July 14, 2024}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "[[6 Inch]]"<br />{{small|(featuring [[The Weeknd]])}} | 18 || 10 || 61 || 31 || 47 || — || — || — || 35 || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA" /> * ARIA: Gold<ref name="ARIA23s" /> * MC: Gold<ref name="Certification list" /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Love Drought]]" | 47 || 28 || — || 84 || 152 || — || — || — || 69 || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA" /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Sandcastles (song)|Sandcastles]]" | 43 || 27 || — || 79 || 109 || — || — || — || 57 || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA" /> |- ! scope="row"| "Forward"<br />{{small|(featuring [[James Blake (musician)|James Blake]])}} | 63 || 30 || — || — || 151 || — || — || — || 85 || — | |- ! scope="row"| "[[Before I Let Go#Beyoncé version|Before I Let Go]]" | rowspan="5"| 2019 | 65 || 24 || — || — || — || 71 || — || — || 77 || — | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA" /> | rowspan="1"| ''Homecoming: The Live Albamu'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Can You Feel the Love Tonight]]"<br />{{small|(with [[Donald Glover]], [[Billy Eichner]] and [[Seth Rogen]])}} | —{{efn-ua|"Can You Feel the Love Tonight" did not enter the ''Billboard Hot 100'' but peaked at number 43 on the [[Digital Song Sales]] component chart.<ref name="US-Digital">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/beyonce/chart-history/hds/|title=Beyoncé Chart History (Digital Song Sales)|magazine=Billboard|access-date=August 27, 2022|archive-date=September 20, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920163103/https://www.billboard.com/artist/beyonce/chart-history/hds/|url-status=live}}</ref>}} || — || 93 || — || — || 75 || — || — || 87 || — | | ''The Lion King'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Bigger (Beyoncé song)|Bigger]]" | — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Bigger" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number nine on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart.<ref name="US-Bubbling-R&B-singles" />}} || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | rowspan="3"| ''The Lion King: The Gift'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Find Your Way Back (Beyoncé song)|Find Your Way Back]]" | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "[[Already (song)|Already]]"<br />{{small|(with [[Shatta Wale]] and [[Major Lazer]])}} | — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Already" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 22 on the [[Hot R&B Songs]] chart.<ref name=autogenerated1 />}} || — || — || — || — || — || — || 95 || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA" /> * BPI: Silver<ref>{{cite certification|region=United Kingdom|type=single|artist=Beyonce/Shatta Wale/Major|title=Already|access-date=March 22, 2024|id=19821-6706-1}}</ref> * MC: Gold<ref name="Certification list" /> * SNEP: Gold<ref name="FR certs" /> |- ! scope="row"| "I'm That Girl" | rowspan="12"| 2022 | 26 || 11 || 38 || 45 || 90 || — || 55 || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"I'm That Girl" did not enter the Swiss Singles chart, but charted at number 80 on the Swiss Hitparade Streaming chart.<ref name="SWI070822">{{cite web|url=https://hitparade.ch/charts/streaming/07-08-2022|title=Schweizer Hitparade – Streaming Top 100 – 7 August 2022 – hitparade.ch|publisher=hitparade.ch|access-date=August 11, 2022|archive-date=August 11, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220811213155/https://hitparade.ch/charts/streaming/07-08-2022|url-status=live}}</ref>}} || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"I'm That Girl" did not enter the [[UK Singles Chart]] but peaked at number 32 on the [[Official Audio Streaming Chart]].<ref name="UK-Stream">{{cite web|url=https://www.officialcharts.com/charts/audio-streaming-chart/20220805/|title=Official Audio Streaming Chart Top 100|publisher=[[Official Charts Company]]|access-date=August 5, 2022}}</ref>}} || 20 | | rowspan="12"| ''Renaissance'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Cozy (song)|Cozy]]" | 30 || 13 || 46 || 52 || 110 || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Cozy" did not enter the Swiss Singles chart, but charted at number 96 on the Swiss Hitparade Streaming chart.<ref name="SWI070822" />}} || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Cozy" did not enter the [[UK Singles Chart]] but peaked at number 37 on the [[Official Audio Streaming Chart]].<ref name="UK-Stream" />}} || 27 | |- ! scope="row"| "[[Alien Superstar]]" | 19 || 8 || 31 || 33 || 73 || 17 || — || 46 || 16 || 15 | * ARIA: Gold<ref name="ARIA24s"/> * BPI: Silver<ref name=bpi /> * MC: Gold<ref name="Certification list" /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Energy (Beyoncé song)|Energy]]"<br />{{small|(featuring [[Beam (rapper)|Beam]])}} | 27 || 12 || 42 || 46 || 97 || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Energy" did not enter the Swiss Singles chart, but charted at number 80 on the Swiss Hitparade Streaming chart.<ref name="SWI070822" />}} || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Energy" did not enter the UK Singles Chart but peaked at number 34 on the Official Audio Streaming Chart.<ref name="UK-Stream" />}} || 23 | * MC: Gold<ref name="Certification list" /> |- ! scope="row"| "Church Girl" | 22 || 10 || 50 || 51 || 125 || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Church Girl" did not enter the UK Singles Chart but peaked at number 30 on the Official Audio Streaming Chart.<ref name="UK-Stream" />}} || 19 | |- ! scope="row"| "[[Plastic Off the Sofa]]" | 41 || 16 || 89 || 70 || 198 || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Plastic Off the Sofa" did not enter the UK Singles Chart but peaked at number 74 on the Official Audio Streaming Chart.<ref name="UK-Stream" />}} || 47 | |- ! scope="row"| "Move"<br />{{small|(featuring [[Grace Jones]] and [[Tems]])}} | 55 || 22 || — || 72 || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Move" did not enter the UK Singles Chart but peaked at number 76 on the Official Audio Streaming Chart.<ref name="UK-Stream" />}} || 53 | |- ! scope="row"| "Heated" | 51 || 20 || — || 69 || — || 91 || — || — || 68 || 52 | * BPI: Silver<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Beyonce, Heated, Single |url=https://www.bpi.co.uk/award/19739-682-1 |access-date=2024-02-23 |website=BPI |language=en}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "Thique" | 53 || 21 || — || 75 || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Thique" did not enter the UK Singles Chart but peaked at number 97 on the Official Audio Streaming Chart.<ref name="UK-Stream" />}} || 55 | |- ! scope="row"| "All Up in Your Mind" | 70 || 28 || — || 94 || — || — || — || — || — || 82 | |- ! scope="row"| "[[Pure/Honey]]" | 64 || 26 || 96 || 77 || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Pure/Honey" did not enter the [[UK Singles Chart]] but peaked at number 90 on the [[Official Audio Streaming Chart]].<ref name="UK-Stream" />}} || 62 | |- ! scope="row"| "Summer Renaissance" | 47 || 18 || 33 || 40 || 180 || — || — || — || —{{efn|group=upper-alpha|"Summer Renaissance" did not enter the [[UK Singles Chart]] but peaked at number 28 on the [[UK Singles Downloads Chart]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.officialcharts.com/charts/singles-downloads-chart/20220805/|title=Official Singles Downloads Chart Top 100|publisher=[[Official Charts Company]]|access-date=August 5, 2022}}</ref>}} || 38 | |- ! scope="row"| "Ameriican Requiem" | rowspan="20"| 2024 | 30 || — || 61 || 51 || 86 || — || — || — || — || 28 | | rowspan="20"| ''Cowboy Carter'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Blackbird (Beatles song)|Blackbiird]]"<br>{{small|(with [[Brittney Spencer]], [[Reyna Roberts]], [[Tanner Adell]] and [[Tiera Kennedy]])}} | 27 || — || 60 || 47 || 114 || — || — || — || — || 23 | |- ! scope="row"| "Protector"<br>{{small|(with Rumi Carter)}} | 42 || — || — || 65 || 158 || — || — || — || — || 53 | |- ! scope="row"| "My Rose" | 54 || — || — || 74 || 197 || — || — || — || — || 77 | |- ! scope="row"| "Bodyguard" | 26 || — || 51 || 40 || 81 || — || — || — || — || 19 | |- ! scope="row"| "[[Jolene (song)#Beyoncé version|Jolene]]" | 7 || — || 24 || 19 || 70 || 11<br /><ref name="ire-2">{{cite web|url=https://www.officialcharts.com/charts/irish-singles-chart/20240405/ie7501/|title=Top 100 Singles, Week Ending 5 April 2024|publisher=Official Charts Company|access-date=April 5, 2024|archive-date=5 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405140035/https://www.officialcharts.com/charts/irish-singles-chart/20240405/ie7501/|url-status=live}}</ref> || 26 || 21 || 8 || 11 | |- ! scope="row"| "Daughter" | 37 || — || 86 || 54 || 97 || — || — || — || — || 34 | |- ! scope="row"| "Spaghettii"<br>{{small|(with [[Linda Martell]] and [[Shaboozey]])}} | 31 || 12 || — || 58 || 122 || — || — || — || — || 37 | |- ! scope="row"| "Alliigator Tears" | 52 || — || — || 72 || — || — || — || — || — || 75 | |- ! scope="row"| "Just for Fun"<br>{{small|(with [[Willie Jones (country singer)|Willie Jones]])}} | 59 || — || — || 79 || — || — || — || — || — || 85 | |- ! scope="row"| "Levii's Jeans"<br>{{small|(with [[Post Malone]])}} | 16 || — || 73 || 41 || 169 || — || — || — || — || 20 | |- ! scope="row"| "Flamenco" | 63 || — || — || 88 || — || — || — || — || — || 102 | |- ! scope="row"| "[[Ya Ya (Beyoncé song)|Ya Ya]]" | 39 || — || — || 59 || 141 || — || — || — || — || 43 | |- ! scope="row"| "Oh Louisiana" | 70 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || 128 | |- ! scope="row"| "Desert Eagle" | 65 || 24 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || 118 | |- ! scope="row"| "Riiverdance" | 51 || — || — || 83 || — || — || — || — || — || 80 | |- ! scope="row"| "II Hands II Heaven" | 60 || 21 || — || 98 || — || — || — || — || — || 97 | |- ! scope="row"| "Tyrant"<br>{{small|(with [[Dolly Parton]])}} | 44 || 18 || — || 71 || — || — || — || — || — || 64 | |- ! scope="row"| "Sweet / Honey / Buckiin{{'}}"<br>{{small|(with Shaboozey)}} | 61 || 22 || — || 94 || — || — || — || — || — || 109 | |- ! scope="row"| "Amen" | 87 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- |colspan="14" style="font-size:90%;"|"—" inaashiria vitu ambavyo havikutolewa katika nchi hiyo au vilishindwa kuingia kwenye chati |} ==Nyimbo alizoonekana kwa mwaliko== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+ Orodha ya maonyesho kama mgeni yasiyo ya single, pamoja na wasanii wengine, ikionyesha Mwaka wa kutolewa na Jina la Albamu ! scope="col" style="width:22em;"| Jina ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col"| Other artist(s) ! scope="col"| Albamu !Ref. |- ! scope="row"|"After All Is Said and Done" | rowspan="3" |1999 |[[Marc Nelson (singer)|Marc Nelson]] |''[[The Best Man (1999 film)|The Best Man]]'' |<ref>{{Citation |title=The Best Man - Original Soundtrack {{!}} Album {{!}} AllMusic |url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-best-man-mw0000256182 |access-date=2024-05-15 |language=en |archive-date=2021-10-27 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20211027/https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-best-man-mw0000256182 |url-status=live }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"|"Crazy Feelings" |[[Missy Elliott]] |''[[Da Real World]]'' |<ref>{{Citation |title=Da Real World - Missy Elliott {{!}} Album {{!}} AllMusic |url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/da-real-world-mw0000667484 |access-date=2024-07-26 |language=en |archive-date=2023-10-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009161712/https://www.allmusic.com/album/da-real-world-mw0000667484 |url-status=live }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"|"Ways To Get Cut Off" |JoJo Robinson |''Hush'' (Shelved) | |- ! scope="row"|"Have Your Way" |2000 |[[Kelly Rowland]] |''His Woman His Wife'' |<ref>{{Citation |title=His Woman His Wife - Original Soundtrack {{!}} Album {{!}} AllMusic |url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/his-woman-his-wife-mw0000101929 |access-date=2024-05-15 |language=en |archive-date=2023-10-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231005040418/https://www.allmusic.com/album/his-woman-his-wife-mw0000101929 |url-status=live }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"|"Hey Goldmember" | rowspan="3" |2002 |[[Devin the Dude|Devin]], [[Solange Knowles|Solange]] |''[[Austin Powers in Goldmember]]'' |<ref>{{Citation |title=Austin Powers in Goldmember [Original Soundtra... {{!}} AllMusic |url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/austin-powers-in-goldmember-original-soundtrack--mw0000225232 |access-date=2024-07-26 |language=en |archive-date=2024-07-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240726210828/https://www.allmusic.com/album/austin-powers-in-goldmember-original-soundtrack--mw0000225232 |url-status=live }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"|"Nothing out There for Me" |[[Missy Elliott]] |''[[Under Construction (album)|Under Construction]]'' |<ref>{{Citation |title=Under Construction - Missy Elliott {{!}} Album {{!}} AllMusic |url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/under-construction-mw0000231192 |access-date=2024-05-15 |language=en |archive-date=2024-07-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240726210826/https://www.allmusic.com/album/under-construction-mw0000231192 |url-status=live }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"|"[[We Will Rock You]]" |[[Britney Spears]], [[Pink (singer)|P!nk]] |''Pepsi Music 2004 CD'' |<ref>Mock, Janet; Wang, Julia. "[http://www.people.com/people/beyonce_knowles/biography/0,,,00.html Beyoncé Biography] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303194559/http://www.people.com/people/beyonce_knowles/biography/0,,,00.html |date=2016-03-03 }}". ''People''. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved February 1, 2012.</ref> |- ! scope="row"|"Keep Giving Your Love to Me" | rowspan="6" |2003 |{{n/a}} |''[[Bad Boys II (soundtrack)|Bad Boys II]]'' |<ref>{{Citation |title=Bad Boys II - Original Soundtrack {{!}} Album {{!}} AllMusic |url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/bad-boys-ii-mw0000039085 |access-date=2024-07-26 |language=en |archive-date=2024-07-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240726210828/https://www.allmusic.com/album/bad-boys-ii-mw0000039085 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2012-01-28 |title=ASCAP ACE - Search |url=http://www.ascap.com/ace/search.cfm?requesttimeout=300 |access-date=2024-07-26 |archive-date=2011-08-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110819191741/http://www.ascap.com/ace/search.cfm?requesttimeout=300 |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"|"[[Fever (Little Willie John song)|Fever]]" |{{n/a}} | rowspan="4" |''[[The Fighting Temptations]]'' | rowspan="4" |<ref>{{Citation |title=The Fighting Temptations - Original Soundtrack... {{!}} AllMusic |url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-fighting-temptations-mw0000317194 |access-date=2024-05-15 |language=en |archive-date=2024-07-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240726210829/https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-fighting-temptations-mw0000317194 |url-status=live }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"|"He Still Loves Me" |[[The O'Jays|Walter Williams Sr.]] |- ! scope="row"|"Time to Come Home" |[[Melba Moore]], [[Angie Stone]] |- ! scope="row"|"Everything I Do" |[[Bilal (American singer)|Bilal]] |- ! scope="row"|"Naïve" |[[Solange Knowles]], [[Da Brat]] |''[[Solo Star]]'' |<ref>{{Citation |title=Solo Star - Solange {{!}} Album {{!}} AllMusic |url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/solo-star-mw0000661826 |access-date=2024-05-15 |language=en |archive-date=2020-06-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200610234815/https://www.allmusic.com/album/solo-star-mw0000661826 |url-status=live }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"|"My Man" |2004 |{{n/a}} |''[[Destiny Fulfilled]]'' | |- ! scope="row"|"All That I'm Lookin' For"{{efn|group=upper-alpha|Also released as "Sex Kitten".}} | rowspan="2" |2005 |Kitten K. Sera, [[Kelly Rowland]] |''The Katrina CD'' |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2012-11-09 |title=Connecting to the iTunes Store. |website=[[iTunes]] |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/the-katrina-cd-vol-1/id104649216 |access-date=2024-05-15 |archive-date=2012-11-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121109225538/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/the-katrina-cd-vol-1/id104649216 |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"|"[[So Amazing (song)|So Amazing]]"<ref name=":0">{{Citation |title=So Amazing: An All-Star Tribute to Luther Vand... {{!}} AllMusic |url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/so-amazing-an-all-star-tribute-to-luther-vandross-mw0000715165 |access-date=2024-05-15 |language=en |archive-date=2024-07-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240726210828/https://www.allmusic.com/album/so-amazing-an-all-star-tribute-to-luther-vandross-mw0000715165 |url-status=live }}</ref> |[[Stevie Wonder]] |''[[So Amazing: An All-Star Tribute to Luther Vandross]]'' |<ref name=":0" /> |- ! scope="row"|"When I First Saw You" |2006 |[[Jamie Foxx]] |''[[Dreamgirls: Music from the Motion Picture]]'' | |- ! scope="row"|"[[Flaws and All]]" | rowspan="2" |2007 |{{n/a}} |''[[Why Did I Get Married?]]'' |<ref>{{Citation |title=Tyler Perry's Why Did I Get Married? [Music fr... {{!}} AllMusic |url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/tyler-perrys-why-did-i-get-married-music-from-and-inspired-by-the-motion-picture--mw0000488726 |access-date=2024-07-26 |language=en |archive-date=2024-01-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240120112404/https://www.allmusic.com/album/tyler-perrys-why-did-i-get-married-music-from-and-inspired-by-the-motion-picture--mw0000488726 |url-status=live }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"|"Pray" |[[Jay-Z]] |''[[American Gangster (album)|American Gangster]]'' |<ref>''[[American Gangster (album)|American Gangster]]'' (International Edition). [[Jay-Z]]. [[Roc-A-Fella Records]]. 2007. 06025 1749989.</ref><ref>"[http://www.ascap.com/ace/search.cfm?requesttimeout=300&mode=results&searchstr=462297738&search_in=i&search_type=exact&search_det=t,s,w,p,b,v&results_pp=25&start=1 Pray]". American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120128194145/http://www.ascap.com/ace/search.cfm?requesttimeout=300 Archived] from the original on January 28, 2012. Retrieved January 31, 2012.</ref> |- ! scope="row"|"Smash into You" | rowspan="2" |2009 |{{n/a}} |''[[Obsessed (2009 film)|Obsessed]]'' |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2011-03-21 |title=Jon McLaughlin and Beyoncé Duet 'Smack/Smash Into You' {{!}} iMusicDaily.com |url=http://www.imusicdaily.com/music-news/jon-mclaughlin-and-beyonce-duet-smacksmash-into-you/ |access-date=2024-05-15 |archive-date=2011-03-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110321050552/http://www.imusicdaily.com/music-news/jon-mclaughlin-and-beyonce-duet-smacksmash-into-you/ |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"|"Venus vs. Mars" |[[Jay-Z]] |''[[The Blueprint 3]]'' |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Venus vs. Mars: Beyoncé vs. Cassie |url=https://www.rap-up.com/2009/09/03/venus-vs-mars-beyonce-vs-cassie/ |access-date=2024-05-15 |website=Rap-Up |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-07-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240726210829/https://www.rap-up.com/2009/09/03/venus-vs-mars-beyonce-vs-cassie/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"|"[[See Me Now]]" |2010 |[[Kanye West]], [[Big Sean]], [[Charlie Wilson (singer)|Charlie Wilson]] |''[[My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy]]'' |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=New Music: Kanye West f/ Beyoncé & Charlie Wilson - 'See Me Now' |url=https://www.rap-up.com/2010/08/11/new-music-kanye-west-f-beyonce-charlie-wilson-see-me-now/ |access-date=2024-07-26 |website=Rap-Up |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-07-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240726210829/https://www.rap-up.com/2010/08/11/new-music-kanye-west-f-beyonce-charlie-wilson-see-me-now/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"|"[[Love a Woman]]" |2011 |[[Mary J. Blige]] |''[[My Life II... The Journey Continues (Act 1)]]'' |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Mary J. Blige Duets with Beyoncé on 'My Life II' |url=https://www.rap-up.com/2011/10/08/exclusive-mary-j-blige-duets-with-beyonce-on-my-life-ii/ |access-date=2024-07-26 |website=Rap-Up |language=en-US |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240726210830/https://www.rap-up.com/2011/10/08/exclusive-mary-j-blige-duets-with-beyonce-on-my-life-ii/ |archivedate=2024-07-26 |url-status=dead}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"|"Young Forever" (Live) |2012 |[[Jay-Z]] |''[[Live in Brooklyn (EP)|Live in Brooklyn]]'' | |- ! scope="row"|"[[Back to Black (song)#Beyoncé and André 3000 version|Back to Black]]" | rowspan="5" |2013 |[[André 3000]] | ''[[The Great Gatsby: Music from Baz Luhrmann's Film]]'' |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2013-04-01 |title=Beyoncé Covering Amy Winehouse for The Great Gatsby |url=https://www.eonline.com/news/403523/beyonc-covering-amy-winehouse-for-the-great-gatsby |access-date=2024-07-26 |website=E! Online |archive-date=2024-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240125003844/https://www.eonline.com/news/403523/beyonc-covering-amy-winehouse-for-the-great-gatsby |url-status=live }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"|"God Made You Beautiful" |{{n/a}} |''[[Life Is But a Dream (film)|Life Is But a Dream]]'' |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Beyoncé Previews New Song 'God Made You Beautiful' in DVD Trailer |url=https://www.rap-up.com/2013/10/30/beyonce-previews-new-song-god-made-you-beautiful-in-dvd-trailer/ |access-date=2024-05-15 |website=Rap-Up |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-08-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240818195300/https://www.rap-up.com/2013/10/30/beyonce-previews-new-song-god-made-you-beautiful-in-dvd-trailer/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"|"Rise Up" |{{n/a}} |''[[Epic (2013 film)|Epic]]'' |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=New Music: Beyoncé - 'Rise Up' |url=https://www.rap-up.com/2013/06/05/new-music-beyonce-rise-up/ |access-date=2024-05-15 |website=Rap-Up |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-10-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231005083341/https://www.rap-up.com/2013/06/05/new-music-beyonce-rise-up/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"|"Turnt" |[[The-Dream]], [[2 Chainz]] |''[[IV Play]]'' |<ref>''[[IV Play]]'' (International Edition). [[The-Dream]]. [[Def Jam Records]]. 2013. 063-381-2.</ref> |- ! scope="row"|"You Changed" |[[Kelly Rowland]], [[Michelle Williams (singer)|Michelle Williams]] |''[[Talk a Good Game]]'' |<ref>''[[Talk a Good Game]]'' (International Edition). [[Kelly Rowland]]. [[Republic Records]]. 2013. 063-381-2.</ref> |- ! scope="row"|"Dreams" | rowspan="3" |2014 |[[Boots (musician)|Boots]] |''[[Winter Spring Summer Fall (album)|Winter Spring Summer Fall]]'' |<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Ramirez |first=Erika |date=2014-04-22 |title=Beyonce Featured on BOOTS' 'Dreams': Listen |url=https://www.billboard.com/music/rb-hip-hop/beyonce-featured-on-boots-dreams-listen-6062837/ |access-date=2024-05-15 |magazine=Billboard |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-07-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240726210828/https://www.billboard.com/music/rb-hip-hop/beyonce-featured-on-boots-dreams-listen-6062837/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"|"[[Feeling Myself (Nicki Minaj song)|Feeling Myself]]" |[[Nicki Minaj]] |''[[The Pinkprint]]'' |<ref>{{Citation |title=Feeling Myself - Nicki Minaj {{!}} AllMusic |url=https://www.allmusic.com/song/feeling-myself-mt0051045884 |access-date=2024-07-26 |language=en |archive-date=2022-06-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220601210823/https://www.allmusic.com/song/feeling-myself-mt0051045884 |url-status=live }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"|"[[Say Yes (Michelle Williams song)|Say Yes]]" |[[Michelle Williams (singer)|Michelle Williams]], [[Kelly Rowland]] |''[[Journey to Freedom (album)|Journey to Freedom]]'' | |- ! scope="row"|"[[Pink + White]]" |2016 |[[Frank Ocean]] |''[[Blonde (Frank Ocean album)|Blonde]]'' |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2016-08-21 |title=The secret meaning and hidden Beyoncé cameo on Frank Ocean's "Pink + White" |url=https://www.mic.com/articles/152171/the-hidden-meaning-and-hidden-beyonc-cameo-on-frank-ocean-s-pink-white |access-date=2024-07-26 |website=Mic |language=en |archive-date=2021-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211223152759/https://www.mic.com/articles/152171/the-hidden-meaning-and-hidden-beyonc-cameo-on-frank-ocean-s-pink-white |url-status=live }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"|"Can I" |2019 |[[Drake (musician)|Drake]] |''[[Care Package (album)|Care Package]]'' |<ref>Carley, Brennan (May 20, 2015). "[https://www.spin.com/2015/05/drake-beyonce-can-i-new-song-leak-download-stream-views-from-the-six/ A New Drake and Beyonce Song Called 'Can I' Just Leaked] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190802165351/https://www.spin.com/2015/05/drake-beyonce-can-i-new-song-leak-download-stream-views-from-the-six/|date=2019-08-02}}". ''[[Spin (magazine)|Spin]]''. Archived from the original on August 2, 2019. Retrieved August 2, 2019.</ref> |- ! scope="row"|"[[Sorry Not Sorry (DJ Khaled song)|Sorry Not Sorry]]" |2021 |[[DJ Khaled]], [[Nas]], [[Jay-Z]], [[James Fauntleroy]] |''[[Khaled Khaled]]'' |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Curto |first=Justin |date=2021-04-30 |title=Yes, 'Harmonies by the Hive' Is Beyoncé |url=https://www.vulture.com/2021/04/harmonies-by-the-hive-beyonce-dj-khaled-album.html |access-date=2024-07-26 |website=Vulture |language=en |archive-date=2022-12-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221229153723/https://www.vulture.com/2021/04/harmonies-by-the-hive-beyonce-dj-khaled-album.html |url-status=live }}</ref> |} {{Clear}} == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Beyoncé}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Beyonce}} [[Jamii:Diskografia za wasanii wa Marekani]] h2nx48vr17451j1yn6ybaj1zro4h2id 0 195694 1606593 1496677 2026-10-09T16:09:16Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606593 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Caroline Langat Thoruwa''' ni [[mwanakemia]] kutoka nchini [[Kenya]]. Thoruwa ni [[profesa]] wa [[kemia]] katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Kenyatta]], na [[mkurugenzi]] wa kampasi ya [[satelaiti]] ya mjini [[Nairobi]] ya chuo hicho.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.ku.ac.ke/schools/spas/index.php/faculty/faculty-profiles/89-faculty/51-prof-caroline-lang-at-thoruwa| title = Prof. Caroline Lang'at Thoruwa|website=Kenyatta University|accessdate=4 September 2016|archive-date=14 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160914183759/http://www.ku.ac.ke/schools/spas/index.php/faculty/faculty-profiles/89-faculty/51-prof-caroline-lang-at-thoruwa|url-status=dead}}</ref> Langat Thoruwa pia ni mwenyekiti wa Shirika la Wanawake wa [[Afrika]] katika [[Sayansi]] na [[Uhandisi]],<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.aawse.org/index.php/about-us/awse-board|title=AWSE Board|publisher=AWSE|accessdate=4 September 2016|archive-date=2016-09-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160911230835/http://www.aawse.org/index.php/about-us/awse-board|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://nigerianpilot.com/kenyan-scientist-calls-increased-funding-biotechnology-research/| title = Kenyan scientist calls for increased funding for biotechnology research| date = 26 Aprili 2017|website=Nigerian Pilot|language=en-US|access-date=2017-11-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171109024504/http://nigerianpilot.com/kenyan-scientist-calls-increased-funding-biotechnology-research/|archive-date=9 November 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> mwanachama wa bodi ya Mtandao wa Kimataifa wa [[Mwandishi|Wahandisi]] na [[Mwanasayansi|Wanasayansi]] Wanawake,<ref>{{Rejea habari|url=http://planetearthinstitute.org.uk/african-science-heroes/| title = African science heroes - Planet Earth Institute| date = 2015-12-16|work=Planet Earth Institute|access-date=2017-11-11|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171112021152/http://planetearthinstitute.org.uk/african-science-heroes/|archive-date=12 November 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> na mwanachama wa kamati ya kiufundi ya Kituo cha Maarifa cha ACTIL.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://actilhub.org/our-team.html| title = ACTIL Knowledge Hub|website=actilhub.org|language=en-US|access-date=2017-11-08|archive-date=7 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107022014/http://actilhub.org/our-team.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Uongozi na ushirikishwaji == Thoruwa kwa sasa anahudumu kama Makamu Mkuu wa Chuo Kikuu (Kaimu) anayesimamia [[Utafiti]], [[Ubunifu]] na Ushirikishwaji wa Jamii katika [[Kenyatta University]]. Mnamo [[Machi]] [[2025]], alifungua na kuongoza warsha ya wafanyakazi wa menejimenti kuhusu kuingiza sayansi, [[teknolojia]] na ubunifu (STI) katika mifumo ya kitaaluma na uendeshaji wa chuo kikuu, akisisitiza ufadhili wa [[utafiti]], ushirikiano wa kitaasisi, na ujumuishaji wa STI katika ufundishaji na ujifunzaji kwa kuzingatia malengo ya maendeleo ya kitaifa.<ref>{{cite web|title=Taking Charge in Mainstreaming STI for National Growth|url=https://www.nacosti.go.ke/2025/04/11/taking-charge-in-mainstreaming-sti-for-national-growth/|website=National Commission for Science, Technology and Innovation|access-date=2025-12-13}}</ref> Pia ameunga mkono maonesho ya utafiti ya chuo kikuu, ikiwemo maonesho ya My Smart Farm katika Nairobi International Trade Fair.<ref>{{cite web|title=Research & Innovation New|url=https://research.ku.ac.ke/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/rio_newsletter_dec_2024.pdf|access-date=2025-12-13}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Thoruwa ameiwakilisha Kenyatta University katika matukio ya ushirikiano na mashirika kama AMPATH, akichangia mjadala kuhusu uwezo wa utafiti na athari kwa jamii.<ref>{{cite web|title=AMPATH Leaders Share Insights with Kenyatta University|url=https://ampathkenya.org/news-blog-feed/2024/5/8/ampath-leaders-share-insights-with-kenyatta-university|website=AMPATH Kenya|access-date=2025-12-13}}</ref> Aidha, ameshirikiana na makundi ya nje kukuza mipango ya maendeleo ya uongozi miongoni mwa [[Mwanafunzi|wanafunzi]] na wafanyakazi, ikiwemo majadiliano na Life Ministry Kenya kuhusu programu za ushauri (mentorship) na uongozi unaozingatia [[maadili]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Can Leadership Be Taught?|url=https://www.ku.ac.ke/can-leadership-be-taught/|website=Kenyatta University|access-date=2025-12-13}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Marejeleo== {{Reflist}} {{WAST KRM}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kenya]] [[Jamii:Wanakemia wa Kenya]] etvc2vy3xk0nvmd3ui7vwb5069xwdft 2 196481 1606639 1579969 2026-10-10T00:00:31Z ~2026-54359-11 93061 /* */ fixed 1606639 wikitext text/x-wiki Michael de la Croix Alacoque '''Michael Alacoque''' (born 6 August) is a Tanzanian Businessman, Qualified MD, MBA graduate, fashion model, and Creative Media personality Based in Tanzania. He is the founder of Swahili Urban House and velnix Pharmacy. His professional activities span healthcare, entrepreneurship , fashion , entertainment , and digital media , with a focus on business development , media production , and cultural storytelling. '''Early Life and Education''' Michael Alacoque was born on 6 August in Sumbawanga, Tanzania. He developed an early interest in entrepreneurship, healthcare, media, and the creative arts. His formative years were marked by a strong curiosity about business, communication, and innovation, interests that would later influence his professional career. Michael Alacoque pursued higher education in South Korea, where he studied Pharmaceutical Science at Seoul National University. During his academic training, he gained knowledge in pharmaceutical sciences, healthcare systems, research methodologies, and professional pharmacy practice. His international educational experience contributed to the development of a global perspective that later informed his entrepreneurial and creative pursuits. '''Career''' '''Healthcare and Entrepreneurship''' Following his education, Michael Alacoque became involved in healthcare and pharmaceutical services. He later founded velnix Pharmacy, a healthcare enterprise focused on pharmaceutical services and healthcare solutions. Through the company, he has promoted professional standards, accessibility, and innovation within the healthcare sector. In addition to healthcare, Michael Alacoque expanded his interests into media, business, and lifestyle industries. He founded Swahili Urban House, a media and lifestyle platform dedicated to entrepreneurship, entertainment, fashion, culture, and digital storytelling. The platform was established with the objective of highlighting contemporary African experiences while supporting emerging talent and creative expression. His entrepreneurial activities have included business development, brand building, content creation, and media initiatives. His work reflects an interest in combining commercial enterprise with cultural and creative engagement. '''Fashion and Modeling''' Michael Alacoque has also worked as a fashion model and has participated in creative and promotional projects within the fashion industry. His involvement in fashion reflects a broader interest in branding, personal image, and the role of fashion in cultural communication. Over the years, he has explored opportunities in fashion-related media, lifestyle content, and creative collaborations aimed at promoting African creativity and contemporary style. '''Business Interests''' Alacoque’s business interests include healthcare, media, fashion, branding, entertainment, digital content creation, and entrepreneurship. His work is characterized by a multidisciplinary approach that combines commercial strategy with creative innovation. He has advocated for the use of media and entrepreneurship as tools for economic development, cultural representation, and the promotion of African talent on international platforms. '''Personal Life''' Alacoque is based in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. His professional activities continue to focus on business development, healthcare initiatives, media production, and creative projects. He has stated his interest in building internationally recognized brands and contributing to the growth of Africa’s entrepreneurial and creative sectors. '''Legacy and Vision''' Michael Alacoque belongs to a generation of African entrepreneurs and creatives working across multiple industries. Through his involvement in healthcare, media, fashion, and entertainment, he has sought to create ventures that combine innovation, creativity, and business development. His long-term vision includes the expansion of his business interests, the development of media properties, and the promotion of African entrepreneurship and storytelling on a global scale. ncacryebwj8es40bac4g5kh2m5tqi63 0 197121 1606632 1511083 2026-10-09T22:37:41Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606632 wikitext text/x-wiki [[picha:Ekandem.jpg|thumb|Dominic Ekandem]] [[picha:Coat of arms of Dominic Ignatius Ekandem.svg|thumb|]] '''Dominic Ignatius Ekandem''' ([[1917]] – [[24 Novemba]] [[1995]]) alikuwa [[kardinali]] wa [[Kanisa Katoliki]] kutoka [[Nigeria]] ambaye alitumikia kama [[Askofu mkuu|Askofu Mkuu]] wa [[Abuja]] kuanzia mwaka 1989 hadi 1992. Alikuwa askofu wa kwanza mwenye asili ya Magharibi mwa Afrika katika historia ya [[Kanisa Katoliki]]. Pia alianzisha Shirika la Misheni la Mtakatifu Paulo la Nigeria (M.S.P.).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Founder|url=https://www.catholic-church.org/~mspnigeria/public_html//founder.htm|access-date=2021-04-18|website=www.catholic-church.org|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250516160100/https://www.catholic-church.org/~mspnigeria/public_html/founder.htm|archivedate=2025-05-16|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}}{{Mbegu-Mkristo}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1917]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1995]] [[Jamii:Maaskofu Wakatoliki]] [[Jamii:Makardinali]] [[Jamii:watawa waanzilishi]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Nigeria]] 3ldekl5dild0i4qlecol2uh7t4cdscl 0 201542 1606592 1488687 2026-10-09T15:42:15Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606592 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Camilo Vasconcelos, 2024 (cropped) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Vasconcelos akiwa na HFX Wanderers FC mwaka 2024]] '''Camilo Vasconcelos''' (alizaliwa Machi 19, [[2005]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Kanada]] ambaye anachezea timu ya HFX Wanderers katika Ligi Kuu ya Kanada.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.therecord.com/sports/waterloo-region/high-school/camilo-vasconcelos-and-alicia-mcmurren-earn-district-8-soccer-mvp-honours/article_e7ab1275-e12d-526b-8a13-71e81b4edb82.html|title=Camilo Vasconcelos and Alicia McMurren earn District 8 soccer MVP honours|date=Juni 27, 2023|work=[[Waterloo Region Record]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250215060722/https://www.therecord.com/sports/waterloo-region/high-school/camilo-vasconcelos-and-alicia-mcmurren-earn-district-8-soccer-mvp-honours/article_e7ab1275-e12d-526b-8a13-71e81b4edb82.html|archivedate=2025-02-15|accessdate=2025-02-15|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://district8.ca/d8-boys-soccer-st-benedicts-camilo-vacconcelos-named-league-mvp/| title = D8 Boys Soccer: St. Benedict’s Camilo Vacconcelos named league MVP| date = Juni 26, 2023|first=Derrick|last=Stryker|work=[[District 8 Athletic Association]]|accessdate=2025-02-15|archive-date=2024-01-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127045702/https://district8.ca/d8-boys-soccer-st-benedicts-camilo-vacconcelos-named-league-mvp/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.guelphunitedfc.ca/newsroom/vasconcelos-signs-development-contract-with-halifax-wanderers| title = Vasconcelos signs development contract with Halifax Wanderers| date = Septemba 4, 2023|work=[[Guelph United FC]]}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|2005|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] qz9h49r2r11ksswgez8fqgp2h7b8xxu 0 203313 1606648 1580200 2026-10-10T01:47:10Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606648 wikitext text/x-wiki {{tafsiri kompyuta}} [[File:Euripide (cropped).jpg|thumb|[[Sanamu]] yake.]] '''Euripides''' (takriban 480 KK – takriban 406 KK) ni mmoja wa [[Mwandishi|waandishi]] bora wa [[tamthilia]] za [[Kiyunani|Kigiriki cha kale]] huko [[Athens|Athene]]<ref>B. Knox, 'Euripides' in ''The Cambridge History of Classical Literature I: Greek Literature'', P. Easterling and B. Knox (ed.s), Cambridge University Press (1985), p. 316</ref><ref>Moses Hadas, ''Ten Plays by Euripides'', Bantam Classic (2006), Introduction, p. ix</ref><ref>L.P.E.Parker, ''Euripides: Alcestis'', [[Oxford University Press]] (2007), Introduction p. lx</ref>. ==Mtazamo wake kuhusu wanawake== Euripides alionyesha shauku kubwa kuhusu hali ya wanawake katika ulimwengu wa Kigiriki. Katika jamii iliyotawaliwa na mfumo dume, alitumia kazi zake kuchunguza na mara nyingine kupinga dhuluma walizokumbana nazo wanawake pamoja na kanuni fulani za kijamii na maadili zilizowahusu. Wahusika wake wa kike, walioundwa kwa kina cha kisaikolojia na ubunifu wa hali ya juu, walichukua nafasi kuu katika tamthilia zake na mara nyingi ndio waliokuwa wahusika wenye mawazo na [[falsafa]] kubwa. Kupitia wahusika hawa, Euripides aliwaonesha wanawake si tu kama wenye akili halisi bali pia kama njia ya kuwasilisha ukosoaji wa hali ya wanawake kwa hadhira ya michezo yake. [[Faili:Iphigenia_in_Tauris_MAN_Napoli_Inv111439.jpg|thumb|Iphigenia kama kuhani wa kike wa Artemi huko Tauris anaanza kuwasalimia wafungwa, miongoni mwao ni kaka yake Orestes na rafiki yake Pylades; Fresco ya Kirumi kutoka Pompeii, karne ya 1 BK]] Mwandishi huyu alitengeneza mbinu mbalimbali za kifasihi na kisanaa ili kuwafanya wahusika wake wa kike kuwa wa kweli na wa kipekee kwa kuwapa uwezo wa kuchukua hatua na kufikiri ndani ya muktadha wa tamthilia za Kigiriki. Mara kwa mara, alibadili hadithi za kifasihi ili kuunda upya nafasi za mashujaa wa kike katika kazi zake na kuzipinga simulizi zao za jadi. Medea na Helen ni mifano miwili ya wahusika ambao Euripides aliwabadilisha kwa kiasi kikubwa, akiwatumia kupinga itikadi za kiume za Athene na kuangazia changamoto za kijamii zilizowakumba wanawake wa Athene. Katika kazi zake, aligusia masuala mbalimbali ya kijamii, kisiasa, na kifamilia yaliyowaathiri wanawake, ikiwa ni pamoja na hamu ya kimapenzi ya wanawake na vizuizi vilivyoizunguka, ukosoaji wa ndoa, upuuzaji wa kiakili wa wanawake katika jamii ya Kigiriki, na hata ukosoaji wa waandishi waliokuwa na mtazamo wa chuki dhidi ya wanawake, kama Hesiodi. Kupitia maendeleo yake ya kifalsafa na kifasihi, Euripides anahusishwa kwa namna fulani na dhana ya kuwapa wanawake nafasi kama wahusika wa uhuru katika fasihi ya Kigiriki. Mtazamo wake wa kisanii na kifalsafa ulimfanya ashutumiwe na Aristophanes kuwa ni mpinzani wa wanawake; kwa kuwaonyesha wanawake kama wenye uwezo wa kufanya maovu, ikiwemo uzinzi, Euripides alionekana kudhoofisha maslahi ya wanawake. Hata hivyo, utafiti wa kisasa hauungi mkono tuhuma hizi, badala yake ukibainisha kwamba Euripides ana nafasi ya kipekee katika tamthilia za Kigiriki kuhusu suala hili. Licha ya mitazamo yake ya kipekee, maandishi yake bado yanadhihirisha athari za mfumo dume na mawazo ya kibaguzi dhidi ya wanawake yaliyoenea katika jamii yake na muktadha wake wa kifasihi. === Muktadha === [[Faili:Christian_Daniel_Rauch_-_Jason_und_Medea.jpg|thumb|Jason na Medea, bas-relief na Christian Daniel Rauch (1818)]] Katika karne ya 5 KK, Athene ya Klasiki, na kwa upana zaidi miji ya Kigiriki ya zamani, ilikuwa imeundwa kwa misingi ya mifumo na mienendo ya kiume iliyozidi kuimarika katika kipindi hiki. Wanawake walikumbwa na ubaguzi wa kisheria wa hali ya juu, kwani hawakuruhusiwa kuwa raia wala kufurahia haki za kiraia za jiji. Pia, walihesabiwa kuwa duni mbele ya wanaume na mara zote walikuwa chini ya mamlaka ya mwanaume wa karibu katika familia—iwe ni baba, mume, au hata mwana wao.<ref>{{Rejea jarida|last=Brillet-Dubois|first=Pascale|date=2010|title=" Astyanax Et Les Orphelins De Guerre Athéniens. Critique De L'idéologie De La Cité Dans Les "Troyennes" D'euripide "|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44261048|journal=Revue des Études Grecques|volume=123|issue=1|pages=44–45|doi=10.3406/reg.2010.8001|issn=0035-2039|jstor=44261048}}</ref> Uzalishaji wa kitamaduni na kisanaa wa Athene katika kipindi hiki ulikuwa umejaa dhana za kijinsia zinazompendelea mwanamume, huku mitazamo na mawazo mbalimbali yakitumika kuhalalisha upendeleo huu. Katika karne ya 5 KK, mji huu ulikuwa unashuhudia upanuzi wa kijeshi, kitamaduni, na kisanaa, hali iliyochochea kuibuka kwa hadithi za kitaifa zilizolenga kuhalalisha upanuzi wake wa kifalme. Mfumo huu wa kifikra, ambao ulienezwa katika jamii ya Kigiriki, haukusaidia tu kuimarisha ubabe wa Athene bali pia ulisaidia kueneza utamaduni wa unyanyasaji wa kijinsia. Mchakato huu wa kimaendeleo ulihusiana kwa karibu na kuenea kwa utumwa, ambao uliongezeka sana katika kipindi cha Klasiki. ===Kuzaliwa kwa Tamthilia Klasiki=== [[Faili:Rencontre_entre_Electre_et_Oreste_sur_le_tombeau_de_leur_père_Agamemnon_-_Musée_du_Louvre_AGER_MNB_906.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Mkutano kati ya Electra na Orestes kwenye kaburi la baba yao Agamemnon - Louvre, 450-400 BC.]] Sambamba na maendeleo haya ya kisiasa na kijamii, tamthilia ya Klasiki ilianza kujitokeza kama sanaa yenye ushawishi mkubwa. Ingawa tamthilia za masikitiko zilikuwepo tangu kipindi cha kale, zama za Klasiki zilishuhudia maendeleo makubwa, kiasi cha kuonekana kana kwamba zilianza kipindi hicho. Katika mji wa Athene, waandishi watatu maarufu wa tamthilia za masikitiko—Aiskilo, Sofoklo, na Euripides—walichangia kwa kiasi kikubwa kuendeleza aina hii ya sanaa kwa ubunifu wao wa kipekee. Katika jamii ya Kidemokrasia ya Athene, tamthilia ilikuwa sanaa ya umma iliyofadhiliwa kwa sehemu kubwa na matajiri wa jiji kupitia mfumo wa kifedha wa liturujia. Ilitumika kama jukwaa la ukosoaji wa kijamii na kisiasa, ikiwa kioo kinachoakisi masuala yanayogusa jamii na siasa za jiji. Katika demokrasia ya Athene, tamthilia ilionekana kama njia muhimu ya ushiriki wa kiraia na majadiliano ya umma. Hata hivyo, pamoja na umuhimu wake wa kijamii, tamthilia bado ilikuwa chini ya mfumo dume. Wanawake hawakuruhusiwa kushiriki kama waigizaji, hivyo nafasi zao zilichezwa na wanaume, hali iliyoimarisha udhibiti wa wanaume katika maisha ya umma. Mada zilizoshughulikiwa katika tamthilia zilionyesha hofu na mkanganyiko wa jamii ya Athene kuhusu majukumu ya kijinsia. Mara nyingi, wanawake walionyeshwa kuwa hatari pale walipokiuka matarajio ya kijamii. Mfano wa wazi ni ''Medea'' ya Euripides, ambapo mhusika mkuu anapokataa nafasi yake ya kijadi kama mke na mama, matokeo yake ni maafa makubwa.<ref name=":3">{{Rejea jarida|last=Villard|first=Flavien|date=2018-11-08|title=Les Spartiates, ces femmes auxquelles le sport a ôté toute morale:Étude sur un stéréotype du théâtre athénien de la guerre du Péloponnèse|url=https://shs.cairn.info/revue-hypotheses-2018-1-page-127?lang=fr|journal=Hypothèses|language=fr|volume=21|issue=1|pages=127–136|doi=10.3917/hyp.171.0127|issn=1298-6216}}</ref> [[Faili:Pyxis01_pushkin.jpg|thumb|Maandalizi ya harusi, Sicily, 330-320 BC, Makumbusho ya Pushkin.]] Ujamaa wa Kiyunani haukuishia tu kwenye ubaguzi wa kisheria na kisiasa bali pia uliendelea katika masimulizi ya kitamaduni yaliyowaweka wanawake katika nafasi ya pili baada ya wanaume. Hadithi zilizotumika kuendeleza utambulisho wa kitaifa wa Athene mara nyingi ziliwaonyesha wanawake kama viumbe tegemezi au waathirika, zikidokeza kuwa mamlaka ya wanaume ilikuwa ya asili na ya lazima. Hii iliimarishwa zaidi na upanuzi wa utumwa, ambao ulikuwa uti wa mgongo wa uchumi wa Athene, huku ukihimiza unyonyaji mkubwa wa wanawake waliokuwa watumwa, ambao walikuwa na haki chache zaidi hata kuliko wanawake wa kawaida wa Kiyunani. Katika muktadha huu, ingawa tamthilia za Klasiki zilijaribu mara kwa mara kuhoji mamlaka, bado zilifanya kazi ndani ya mfumo wa mfumo dume. Wanawake, ingawa walipewa sauti katika tamthilia, mara chache waliwasilishwa kama watu wenye uhuru kamili nje ya udhibiti wa wanaume. Pale walipojaribu kudai uhuru, kama ilivyoonekana katika kazi za Euripides, mara nyingi walikumbwa na adhabu kali, hali iliyoonyesha hofu kubwa ya jamii ya Athene kuhusu uwezekano wa wanawake kuwa na mamlaka huru katika jamii iliyojaa hierarkia kali ya kijinsia.<ref name=":1">{{Rejea jarida|last=Bordaux|first=Lucien|date=1996|title=Quelques remarques sur Euripide, homme de théâtre dans Médée|url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/palla_0031-0387_1996_num_45_1_1405|journal=Pallas. Revue d'études antiques|volume=45|issue=1|pages=170|doi=10.3406/palla.1996.1405}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} ==Vyanzo== * {{Citation |last=Chrysikou |first=Stella |title=Femmes en état de guerre : nature et condition des esclaves troyennes dans l'Hécube d'Euripide |date=2018 |work=Bulletin de l'Association Guillaume Budé |issue=2 |trans-title=Women in a state of war: nature and condition of Trojan slaves in Euripides' Hecuba |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/bude_0004-5527_2018_num_1_2_7252 |place=Paris}} * {{Rejea kitabu |last=Croally |first=Neil T. |title=Euripidean Polemic: The Trojan Women and the Function of Tragedy |date=2008 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] (CUP) |isbn=978-0521041126 |location=Cambridge}} * {{Citation |last=Daitz |first=Stephen G. |title=Concepts of Freedom and Slavery in Euripides' Hecuba |date=1971 |journal=Hermes |volume=99 |issue=2 |pages=217–226 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4475681 |jstor=4475681 }} * {{Rejea kitabu |last=Hinkelman |first=Sarah Ann |url=https://etd.ohiolink.edu/acprod/odb_etd/ws/send_file/send?accession=ouashonors1428872998&disposition=inline |title=Euripides' Women |date=2014 |publisher=Ohio University (thesis) |location=Athens, Ohio}} * {{Rejea kitabu |last=March |first=Jennifer |url=https://mail.classics.domains.skidmore.edu/lit-campus-only/secondary/March%201990.pdf |title=Euripides the Misogynist ? |publisher=[[Routledge]] |isbn=978-0-203-40235-1 |location=London |publication-date=1990}} * {{cite book |last1=Nails |first1=Debra |title=The people of Plato : a prosopography of Plato and other Socratics |url=https://archive.org/details/peopleofplatopro0000nail |date=2002 |publisher=Hackett Publishing Company, Inc |location=Indianapolis, IN |isbn=9781603840279}} * {{Citation |last=Raepsaet |first=Georges |title=Sentiments conjugaux à Athènes aux Ve et IVe siècles avant notre ère |date=1981 |work=L'Antiquité Classique |volume=50 |issue=1–2 |pages=677–684 |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/antiq_0770-2817_1981_num_50_1_2042}} * {{Rejea kitabu |last=Tyrrell |first=William Blake |url=https://brill.com/display/book/edcoll/9789004435353/BP000003.xml |title=Brill's Companion to Euripides |date=2020 |publisher=Brill |isbn=978-90-04-26970-5 |location=Netherlands |pages=11–27 |chapter=Life of Euripides}} ==Kusoma zaidi== {{refbegin|2}} * {{cite book|last=Barrett|first=William Spencer|author-link=W. S. Barrett|title=Greek lyric, tragedy, and textual criticism collected papers|year=2007|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|isbn=978-0-19-920357-4|editor-last=West|editor-first=M. L.}} * {{cite book |last1=Catenaccio |first1=Claire |title=Monody in Euripides: character and the liberation of form in late Greek tragedy |date=2023 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Cambridge |isbn=9781009300124}} * {{cite book|last=Conacher|first=D. J.|title=Euripidean Drama: Myth, Theme, and Structure|year=1967|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=London}} * {{cite book|last=Croally|first=N.T.|title=Euripidean polemic: the Trojan women and the function of tragedy|year=2007|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge|isbn=978-0-521-04112-6}} * {{cite book|last=Donovan|first=Bruce E.|title=Euripides papyri|url=http://hdl.handle.net/2333.1/47d7wrtn|year=1969|publisher=American Society of Papyrologists|location=New Haven|hdl=2333.1/47d7wrtn}} * {{cite book|last=Euripides|editor-last=Segal|editor-first=Erich|title=Euripides: A Collection of Critical Essays|url=https://archive.org/details/euripidescollect0000sega|url-access=registration|year=1968|publisher=Prentice-Hall|location=Englewood Cliffs, NJ}} * {{cite book|last=Euripides|title=Hippolytos|year=1983|publisher=Clarendon Press|location=Oxford|isbn=0-19-814167-X|editor-first=William Spencer| editor-last=Barrett}} * {{cite book|last=Euripides|others=J. Michael Walton, introduction|year=1997|chapter=Introduction|title=Plays VI|series=Methuen Classical Greek Dramatists|location=London|publisher=Methuen|pages=[https://archive.org/details/playssix0000euri/page/ vii–xxii]|isbn=0-413-71650-3|chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/playssix0000euri/page/}} * {{cite book|last=Gregory|first=Justina|title=Euripides and the instruction of the Athenians|url=https://archive.org/details/euripidesinstruc0000greg|year=1991|publisher=University of Michigan Press|location=Ann Arbor|isbn=0-472-10230-3}} * {{cite book|last=Ippolito|first=P.|year=1999|title=La vita di Euripide|location=Naples|publisher=Dipartimento di Filologia Classica dell'Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II|language=it}} * {{cite book|last=Kitto|first=H. D. F.|author-link=H. D. F. Kitto|title=Greek tragedy: a literary study|year=1959|publisher=Barnes and Noble|location=New York}} * {{cite book|last=Kovacs|first=David|title=Euripidea|year=1994|publisher=E.J. Brill|location=Leiden|isbn=90-04-09926-3}} * {{cite book|last=Lefkowitz|first=Mary R.|author-link=Mary Lefkowitz|title=The lives of the Greek poets|year=1981|publisher=Duckworth|location=London|isbn=0-7156-1721-4}} * {{cite book|last=Lucas|first=Frank Laurence|author-link=F. L. Lucas|title=Euripides and his Influence|year=2012|publisher=Barnes and Noble|location=New York|isbn=9781258337124}} * {{cite book|last=Murray|first=Gilbert|title=Euripides and His Age|year=1946|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=London|edition=2nd}} * {{cite book|editor-last=Powell|editor-first=Anton|title=Euripides, women, and sexuality|url=https://archive.org/details/euripideswomense0000unse|year=1990|publisher=Routledge|location=London|isbn=0-415-01025-X}} * {{cite journal|last=Scullion|first=S.|year=2003|title=Euripides and Macedon, or the silence of the Frogs|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_classical-quarterly_2003-12_53_2/page/388|journal=[[Classical Quarterly]]|volume=53|issue=2|pages=389–400|doi=10.1093/cq/53.2.389}} * {{cite book|editor-last=Segal|editor-first=Charles|title=Euripides and the poetics of sorrow: art, gender, and commemoration in Alcestis, Hippolytus, and Hecuba|url=https://archive.org/details/euripidespoetics0000sega|year=1993|publisher=Duke University Press|location=Durham, N.C.|isbn=0-8223-1360-X}} * {{cite book|last=Sommerstein|first=Alan H.|title=Greek drama and dramatists|year=2002|publisher=Routledge|location=London|isbn=0-415-26028-0}} * {{cite book|last=Walton|first=J. Michael|year=2009|title=Euripides: Our Contemporary|url=https://archive.org/details/euripidesourcont0000walt|location=Berkeley|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-26182-2}} * {{cite book|last=Webster|first=T. B. L.|year=1967|title=The Tragedies of Euripides|url=https://archive.org/details/bwb_P4-AWM-042|location=London|publisher=Methuen}} {{refend}} ==Viungo vya nje== {{Wikiquote}} {{Commons category|Euripides}} {{Wikisource author}} * {{Gutenberg author |id=1680}} * ''Euripides with an English translation by Arthur S. Way. D. Lit. in four volumes'', London, William Heinemann; New York, G. P. Putnam's Sons, [https://archive.org/details/euripidesway01euriuoft vol. 1], [https://archive.org/details/LoebClassicalLibraryL009 vol. 2], [https://archive.org/details/euripidesway03euriuoft vol. 3], [https://archive.org/details/euripidesway04euriuoft vol. 4]. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20091028050514/http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761567264/Euripides.html Encarta's entry for Euripides] ([http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761567264/Euripides.html Archived] 2009-10-31) * [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/vor?x=0&y=0&lookup=Euripides Euripides-related materials at the Perseus Digital Library] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120205080449/http://www.theatrehistory.com/ancient/euripides001.html Useful summaries of Euripides' life, works, and other relevant topics of interest at TheatreHistory.com.] * [http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/eb11-euripides.html Fordham.edu] * {{fr}} [http://www.ac-strasbourg.fr/pedago/lettres/Victor%20Hugo/Notes/Euripide.htm AC-Strasbourg.fr] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091108064158/http://www.ac-strasbourg.fr/pedago/lettres/Victor%20Hugo/Notes/Euripide.htm |date=8 November 2009 }} * [http://www.imagi-nation.com/moonstruck/clsc4.htm Imagi-nation.com] * [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0262381/ IMDBs List of movies based on Euripides plays] * [http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2002/08/27/1030053055026.html?oneclick=true Staging of Euripides' fragmentary ''Hypsipyle''] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150924090741/http://www.rhapsodes.fll.vt.edu/euripides.htm Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University], Euripides, Trojan Women, 740–79; read by Stephen Daitz * ''Euripidis opera omnia ex editionibus praestantissimis fideliter recusa, latina interpretatione, scholiis antiquis et eruditorum observationibus illustrata'', 9 voll., Glasguae cura et typis Andreae et Joannis M. Duncan, 1821: [https://archive.org/details/euripidouapantae01euriuoft vol. 1], [https://archive.org/details/euripidouapantae02euriuoft vol. 2], [https://archive.org/details/euripidouapantae03euriuoft vol. 3], [https://archive.org/details/euripidouapantae04euriuoft vol. 4], [https://archive.org/details/euripidouapantae05euriuoft vol. 5], [https://archive.org/details/euripidouapantae06euriuoft vol. 6], [https://archive.org/details/euripidouapantae07euriuoft vol. 7], [https://books.google.com/books?id=eBg-AAAAcAAJ vol. 8], [https://archive.org/details/euripidouapantae09euriuoft vol. 9]. * [http://euripidesscholia.org/EurSchHome.html Scholia of Euripides] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190408101448/http://euripidesscholia.org/EurSchHome.html |date=8 April 2019 }}: ** ''[https://archive.org/details/scholiaineuripi00schwgoog Scholia in Euripidem]'', Eduardus Schwartz (ed.), 2 voll., Berolini tyois et impensis Georgii Reimer, 1887–91. * [https://www.academia.edu/5408593/THE_RECEPTION_OF_EURIPIDES_THE_BACCHAE_PH.D._THESIS_UNIVERSITY_OF_LONDON_LONDON_2005 A Commentary on Euripides' ''Bacchae''], [[Academia.edu]] {{BD|480 KK|406 KK}} {{Mbegu-mwandishi}} [[Jamii:Feminism and Folklore 2025 in Tanzania]] 510hshth0wfv8f5xj0maqcepalqb293 2 204843 1606638 1579970 2026-10-09T23:57:40Z ~2026-54359-11 93061 Fixed 1606638 wikitext text/x-wiki Michael de la Croix Alacoque Michael Alacoque '''( 마이클 알라코크 ~ in Korean Hangul )''' is a Tanzanian-Korean entrepreneur, pharmacist, actor, fashion model, and creative media personality based in Dar es Salaam. He is recognized for his growing influence in business, fashion, entertainment, and digital branding. Born on August 6, in Sumbawanga, Michael Alacoque developed an early interest in entrepreneurship, creativity, and public communication. Over the years, he expanded his work across multiple industries, combining healthcare, fashion, media, and business innovation. '''Early life and education''' Michael Alacoque was born in Sumbawanga, Tanzania, where he spent his early years developing interests in entrepreneurship, fashion, media, and the creative arts. His upbringing contributed to his interest in leadership, personal development, and cross-cultural engagement. Michael Alacoque later relocated to Seoul, South Korea, where he continued his academic and professional development. He studied at Seoul National University, He expanded his international exposure and strengthened his interest in global business, fashion, media, and cultural exchange. '''Career and religion''' '''Spiritual Patronage and Devotion to the Sacred Heart of Jesus''' Michael Alacoque considers Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque to be his spiritual patron and maternal guide in his journey of faith. he has embraced her spiritual legacy as a profound source of inspiration and direction in his life. Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque, the seventeenth century French nun renowned for promoting devotion to the Sacred Heart of Jesus, occupies a special place in Michael’s spiritual identity. Through her writings, witness, and unwavering dedication to Christ, she helped deepen the Church’s understanding of God’s infinite love and mercy revealed through the Sacred Heart of Jesus. Her life of prayer, humility, sacrifice, and trust in God continues to inspire millions of Catholics throughout the world. For Michael, Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque is more than a historical saint; she is a spiritual mother whose example encourages him to pursue a life rooted in faith, compassion, perseverance, and service. He regards her as a constant intercessor before God and a guiding presence in his personal and professional journey. Michael’s devotion to the Sacred Heart of Jesus is closely connected to the spirituality of Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque. He believes that the Sacred Heart represents Christ’s unconditional love for humanity a love that heals, restores, forgives, and transforms lives. Inspired by this message, he seeks to cultivate a life centered on prayer, integrity, charity, and trust in divine providence. Throughout his life, Michael has looked to Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque as a model of spiritual courage and fidelity. Her example reminds him to remain steadfast during challenges, faithful in times of uncertainty, and grateful for God’s blessings. Her witness continues to shape his understanding of Christian discipleship and his commitment to living according to Gospel values. Through his devotion to the Sacred Heart of Jesus and the spiritual patronage of Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque, Michael continues to pursue a life dedicated to faith, personal growth, service, and the pursuit of excellence. He regards her enduring legacy as a source of inspiration and a reminder that true success is ultimately measured not only by achievement, but by one’s love for God and service to humanity. 0nmdgdabgvvq2y4x6s8t0tjlmwof408 1606640 1606638 2026-10-10T00:02:06Z ~2026-54359-11 93061 /* */ Fixed 1606640 wikitext text/x-wiki Michael de la Croix Alacoque Michael Alacoque '''( 마이클 알라코크 ~ in Korean Hangul )''' is a Tanzanian-Korean entrepreneur, Qualified MD, MBA graduate, fashion model, and creative media personality based in Dar es Salaam. He is recognized for his growing influence in business, fashion, entertainment, and digital branding. Born on August 6, in Sumbawanga, Michael Alacoque developed an early interest in entrepreneurship, creativity, and public communication. Over the years, he expanded his work across multiple industries, combining healthcare, fashion, media, and business innovation. '''Early life and education''' Michael Alacoque was born in Sumbawanga, Tanzania, where he spent his early years developing interests in entrepreneurship, fashion, media, and the creative arts. His upbringing contributed to his interest in leadership, personal development, and cross-cultural engagement. Michael Alacoque later relocated to Seoul, South Korea, where he continued his academic and professional development. He studied at Seoul National University, He expanded his international exposure and strengthened his interest in global business, fashion, media, and cultural exchange. '''Career and religion''' '''Spiritual Patronage and Devotion to the Sacred Heart of Jesus''' Michael Alacoque considers Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque to be his spiritual patron and maternal guide in his journey of faith. he has embraced her spiritual legacy as a profound source of inspiration and direction in his life. Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque, the seventeenth century French nun renowned for promoting devotion to the Sacred Heart of Jesus, occupies a special place in Michael’s spiritual identity. Through her writings, witness, and unwavering dedication to Christ, she helped deepen the Church’s understanding of God’s infinite love and mercy revealed through the Sacred Heart of Jesus. Her life of prayer, humility, sacrifice, and trust in God continues to inspire millions of Catholics throughout the world. For Michael, Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque is more than a historical saint; she is a spiritual mother whose example encourages him to pursue a life rooted in faith, compassion, perseverance, and service. He regards her as a constant intercessor before God and a guiding presence in his personal and professional journey. Michael’s devotion to the Sacred Heart of Jesus is closely connected to the spirituality of Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque. He believes that the Sacred Heart represents Christ’s unconditional love for humanity a love that heals, restores, forgives, and transforms lives. Inspired by this message, he seeks to cultivate a life centered on prayer, integrity, charity, and trust in divine providence. Throughout his life, Michael has looked to Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque as a model of spiritual courage and fidelity. Her example reminds him to remain steadfast during challenges, faithful in times of uncertainty, and grateful for God’s blessings. Her witness continues to shape his understanding of Christian discipleship and his commitment to living according to Gospel values. Through his devotion to the Sacred Heart of Jesus and the spiritual patronage of Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque, Michael continues to pursue a life dedicated to faith, personal growth, service, and the pursuit of excellence. He regards her enduring legacy as a source of inspiration and a reminder that true success is ultimately measured not only by achievement, but by one’s love for God and service to humanity. riv8pvb8w3i29nzmd1oqsbwhqib2gxk 4 208508 1606542 1606419 2026-10-09T12:53:51Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column 1606542 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-10-09) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 64 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 71 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 26 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-10-09)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 484 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 713 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2882 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 658 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 469 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 420 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 184 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 204 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 352 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 396 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 373 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 215 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 194 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 221 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 6.52 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 336 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 167 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 6.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 372 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Norwei]] | 5.77 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 206 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 586 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 280 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 95 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 261 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 241 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 256 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 160 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 242 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 60 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 344 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 152 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 120 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 178 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 165 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.07 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 318 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 216 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 120 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 255 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 151 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.81 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 244 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 3.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Nepal]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 156 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 199 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 113 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 424 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 143 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 93 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 106 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Bhutan]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 114 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 220 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Nchi iliyoendelea]] | 2.27 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 60 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 153 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 95 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Jiko la ardhini]] | 1.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 5 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 174 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 35088 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 7398 || ↑ +29.3% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 201.7 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 42.5 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Kenya]] || 713 || ↑ +40.4% |- | 2 || [[Komori]] || 424 || ↑ +282.0% |- | 3 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 420 || ↑ +30.0% |- | 4 || [[Burundi]] || 373 || ↓ -0.5% |- | 5 || [[Uturuki]] || 344 || ↑ +3.9% |- | 6 || [[Madagaska]] || 255 || ↑ +269.6% |- | 7 || [[Malawi]] || 216 || ↑ +66.2% |- | 8 || [[Nigeria]] || 215 || ↑ +28.7% |- | 9 || [[Australia]] || 194 || ↑ +35.7% |- | 10 || [[Hispania]] || 184 || ↑ +35.3% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 485 || 39.0% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 362 || 29.1% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 157 || 12.6% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 94 || 7.6% |- | 5 || [[User:Iepsep43|Iepsep43]] || 12 || 1.0% |- | 6 || [[User:Pristome|Pristome]] || 10 || 0.8% |- | 7 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 9 || 0.7% |- | 8 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:Àncilu|Àncilu]] || 7 || 0.6% |- | 10 || [[User:CSGinger14|CSGinger14]] || 6 || 0.5% |- |} 9j65lressmmhie4h98664itb25zjuni 1606543 1606542 2026-10-09T12:57:40Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Sasisha Takwimu za mradi 1606543 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-10-09) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 64 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 71 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 26 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-10-09)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 484 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 713 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2882 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 658 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 469 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 420 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 184 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 204 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 352 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 396 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 373 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 215 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 194 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 221 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 6.52 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 336 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 167 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 6.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 372 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Norwei]] | 5.77 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 206 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 586 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 280 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 95 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 261 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 241 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 256 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 160 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 242 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 60 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 344 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 152 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 120 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 178 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 165 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.07 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 318 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 216 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 120 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 255 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 151 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.81 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 244 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 3.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Nepal]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 156 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 199 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 113 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 424 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 143 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 93 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 106 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Bhutan]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 114 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 220 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Nchi iliyoendelea]] | 2.27 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 60 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 153 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 95 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Jiko la ardhini]] | 1.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 5 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 174 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 35088 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 23993 || ↑ +24.3% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 201.7 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 137.9 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2882 || ↓ -13.5% |- | 2 || [[Kenya]] || 713 || ↑ +40.4% |- | 3 || [[Marekani]] || 658 || ↑ +3.8% |- | 4 || [[Korea Kusini]] || 586 || ↑ +290.7% |- | 5 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 484 || ↑ +21.0% |- | 6 || [[Komori]] || 424 || ↑ +282.0% |- | 7 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 420 || ↑ +30.0% |- | 8 || [[Urusi]] || 396 || ↑ +37.5% |- | 9 || [[Burundi]] || 373 || ↓ -0.5% |- | 10 || [[Uingereza]] || 372 || ↑ +20.8% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 485 || 39.0% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 362 || 29.1% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 157 || 12.6% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 94 || 7.6% |- | 5 || [[User:Iepsep43|Iepsep43]] || 12 || 1.0% |- | 6 || [[User:Pristome|Pristome]] || 10 || 0.8% |- | 7 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 9 || 0.7% |- | 8 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:Àncilu|Àncilu]] || 7 || 0.6% |- | 10 || [[User:CSGinger14|CSGinger14]] || 6 || 0.5% |- |} i73o55f4jcmess3vpq8kqc0atvovmq2 1606629 1606543 2026-10-09T22:29:26Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column 1606629 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-10-09) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 64 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 71 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 26 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-10-09)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 484 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 730 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2978 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 658 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 469 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 420 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 184 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 204 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 365 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 396 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 384 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 215 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 194 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 221 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 6.52 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 336 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 167 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 6.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 379 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Norwei]] | 5.77 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 206 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 586 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 280 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 95 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 261 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 241 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 256 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 160 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 242 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 60 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 120 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 344 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 152 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 120 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 178 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 165 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.07 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 326 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 216 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 120 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 255 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 151 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.81 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 244 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 3.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Nepal]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 153 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 199 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 113 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 435 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 143 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 93 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 106 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 131 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Bhutan]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 114 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 220 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Nchi iliyoendelea]] | 2.27 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 60 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 153 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 95 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Jiko la ardhini]] | 1.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 5 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 174 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 35088 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 23993 || ↑ +24.3% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 201.7 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 137.9 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2882 || ↓ -13.5% |- | 2 || [[Kenya]] || 713 || ↑ +40.4% |- | 3 || [[Marekani]] || 658 || ↑ +3.8% |- | 4 || [[Korea Kusini]] || 586 || ↑ +290.7% |- | 5 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 484 || ↑ +21.0% |- | 6 || [[Komori]] || 424 || ↑ +282.0% |- | 7 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 420 || ↑ +30.0% |- | 8 || [[Urusi]] || 396 || ↑ +37.5% |- | 9 || [[Burundi]] || 373 || ↓ -0.5% |- | 10 || [[Uingereza]] || 372 || ↑ +20.8% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 485 || 39.0% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 362 || 29.1% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 157 || 12.6% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 94 || 7.6% |- | 5 || [[User:Iepsep43|Iepsep43]] || 12 || 1.0% |- | 6 || [[User:Pristome|Pristome]] || 10 || 0.8% |- | 7 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 9 || 0.7% |- | 8 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:Àncilu|Àncilu]] || 7 || 0.6% |- | 10 || [[User:CSGinger14|CSGinger14]] || 6 || 0.5% |- |} mk6fpj1p1iog17wvce5cje5p6o9pqfx 1606630 1606629 2026-10-09T22:29:56Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Sasisha Takwimu za mradi 1606630 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-10-09) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 64 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 71 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 26 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-10-09)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 484 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 730 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2978 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 658 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 469 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 420 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 184 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 204 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 365 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 396 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 384 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 215 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 194 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 221 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 6.52 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 336 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 167 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 6.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 379 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Norwei]] | 5.77 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 206 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 586 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 280 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 95 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 261 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 241 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 256 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 160 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 242 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 60 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 120 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 344 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 152 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 120 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 178 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 165 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.07 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 326 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 216 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 120 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 255 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 151 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.81 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 244 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 3.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Nepal]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 153 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 199 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 113 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 435 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 143 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 93 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 106 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 131 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Bhutan]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 114 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 220 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Nchi iliyoendelea]] | 2.27 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 60 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 153 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 95 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Jiko la ardhini]] | 1.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 5 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 174 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 35089 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 23993 || ↑ +24.3% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 201.7 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 137.9 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2882 || ↓ -13.5% |- | 2 || [[Kenya]] || 713 || ↑ +40.4% |- | 3 || [[Marekani]] || 658 || ↑ +3.8% |- | 4 || [[Korea Kusini]] || 586 || ↑ +290.7% |- | 5 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 484 || ↑ +21.0% |- | 6 || [[Komori]] || 424 || ↑ +282.0% |- | 7 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 420 || ↑ +30.0% |- | 8 || [[Urusi]] || 396 || ↑ +37.5% |- | 9 || [[Burundi]] || 373 || ↓ -0.5% |- | 10 || [[Uingereza]] || 372 || ↑ +20.8% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 485 || 39.0% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 362 || 29.1% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 158 || 12.7% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 94 || 7.6% |- | 5 || [[User:Iepsep43|Iepsep43]] || 12 || 1.0% |- | 6 || [[User:Pristome|Pristome]] || 10 || 0.8% |- | 7 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 9 || 0.7% |- | 8 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:Àncilu|Àncilu]] || 7 || 0.6% |- | 10 || [[User:CSGinger14|CSGinger14]] || 6 || 0.5% |- |} fhfq7pp0enls6z5lzju4nbjas7re0qc 1606656 1606630 2026-10-10T05:07:57Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column 1606656 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-10-10) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 64 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 71 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 26 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-10-10)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 479 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 729 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 3000 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 650 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 452 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 417 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 182 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 204 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 371 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 389 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 393 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 152 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 219 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 192 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 218 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 6.52 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 335 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 171 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 6.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 378 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Norwei]] | 5.77 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 207 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 604 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 113 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 277 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 174 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 95 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 260 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 243 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 257 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 159 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 247 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 118 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 340 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 155 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 177 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 168 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.07 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 335 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 215 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 118 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 253 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.81 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 249 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 3.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 92 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Nepal]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 118 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 156 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 160 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 193 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 118 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 449 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 143 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 113 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 91 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Bhutan]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 221 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Nchi iliyoendelea]] | 2.27 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 154 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 93 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Jiko la ardhini]] | 1.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 5 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 12 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 174 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 35089 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 23993 || ↑ +24.3% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 201.7 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 137.9 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2882 || ↓ -13.5% |- | 2 || [[Kenya]] || 713 || ↑ +40.4% |- | 3 || [[Marekani]] || 658 || ↑ +3.8% |- | 4 || [[Korea Kusini]] || 586 || ↑ +290.7% |- | 5 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 484 || ↑ +21.0% |- | 6 || [[Komori]] || 424 || ↑ +282.0% |- | 7 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 420 || ↑ +30.0% |- | 8 || [[Urusi]] || 396 || ↑ +37.5% |- | 9 || [[Burundi]] || 373 || ↓ -0.5% |- | 10 || [[Uingereza]] || 372 || ↑ +20.8% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 485 || 39.0% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 362 || 29.1% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 158 || 12.7% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 94 || 7.6% |- | 5 || [[User:Iepsep43|Iepsep43]] || 12 || 1.0% |- | 6 || [[User:Pristome|Pristome]] || 10 || 0.8% |- | 7 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 9 || 0.7% |- | 8 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:Àncilu|Àncilu]] || 7 || 0.6% |- | 10 || [[User:CSGinger14|CSGinger14]] || 6 || 0.5% |- |} fmit9mhw7kxgviherb53axz88wtf9h8 1606658 1606656 2026-10-10T05:22:15Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Sasisha Takwimu za mradi 1606658 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-10-10) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 64 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 71 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 26 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-10-10)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 479 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 729 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 3000 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 650 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 452 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 417 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 182 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 204 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 371 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 389 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 393 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 152 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 219 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 192 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 218 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 6.52 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 335 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 171 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 6.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 378 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Norwei]] | 5.77 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 207 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 604 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 113 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 277 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 174 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 95 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 260 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 243 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 257 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 159 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 247 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 118 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 340 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 155 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 177 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 168 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.07 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 335 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 215 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 118 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 253 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.81 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 249 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 3.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 92 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Nepal]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 118 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 156 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 160 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 193 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 118 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 449 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 143 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 113 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 91 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Bhutan]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 221 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Nchi iliyoendelea]] | 2.27 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 154 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 93 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Jiko la ardhini]] | 1.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 5 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 12 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 174 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 35089 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 8608 || ↑ +35.3% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 201.7 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 49.5 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Kenya]] || 729 || ↑ +42.1% |- | 2 || [[Korea Kusini]] || 604 || ↑ +292.2% |- | 3 || [[Komori]] || 430 || ↑ +270.7% |- | 4 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 417 || ↑ +29.1% |- | 5 || [[Burundi]] || 371 || ↓ -0.8% |- | 6 || [[Uturuki]] || 340 || ↑ +4.3% |- | 7 || [[Madagaska]] || 253 || ↑ +261.4% |- | 8 || [[Nigeria]] || 219 || ↑ +32.7% |- | 9 || [[Malawi]] || 215 || ↑ +61.7% |- | 10 || [[Australia]] || 192 || ↑ +34.3% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 485 || 39.0% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 362 || 29.1% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 158 || 12.7% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 94 || 7.6% |- | 5 || [[User:Iepsep43|Iepsep43]] || 12 || 1.0% |- | 6 || [[User:Pristome|Pristome]] || 10 || 0.8% |- | 7 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 9 || 0.7% |- | 8 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:Àncilu|Àncilu]] || 7 || 0.6% |- | 10 || [[User:CSGinger14|CSGinger14]] || 6 || 0.5% |- |} 3jxp071ucld9sd5t33gg0cfc92j5s9o 0 210971 1606663 1603680 2026-10-10T07:07:28Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606663 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person |jina = Hashim Kambi |picha = |maelezo_ya_picha = |tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = [[21 Oktoba]] [[1956]] |mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = [[Tanzania]] |tarehe_ya_kufariki = [[27 Aprili]] [[2026]] |mahala_alipofia = [[Dar es Salaam]], [[Tanzania]] |majina_mengine = Mzee Kambi |anafahamika kwa = Uigizaji wa filamu za Tanzania na kucheza soka la [[Young Africans S.C.]] |kazi_yake = Mwigizaji wa filamu na mchezaji wa zamani wa mpira wa miguu |nchi = [[Tanzania]] }} '''Hashim Kambi''' (21 Oktoba 1956 – 27 Aprili 2026) alikuwa mwigizaji mkongwe wa filamu na mchezaji wa zamani wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Tanzania]]. Alifariki jijini [[Dar es Salaam]] tarehe 27 Aprili 2026 baada ya kuugua kwa muda mfupi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Msanii Mkongwe Wa Filamu Tanzania Hashim Kambi Afariki Dunia Jijini Dar Es Salaam |url=https://todaysw.com/sw/2026/04/27/msanii-mkongwe-wa-filamu-tanzania-hashim-kambi-afariki-dunia-jijini-dar-es-salaam/ |work=Swahili Today |date=2026-04-27 |accessdate=2026-04-27 |language=sw }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Mwigizaji Mkongwe Hashim Kambi Afariki Dunia Dar es Salaam |url=https://globalpublishers.co.tz/2026/04/27/mwigizaji-mkongwe-hashim-kambi-afariki-dunia-dar-es-salaam/ |work=Global Publishers |date=2026-04-27 |accessdate=2026-04-27 |language=sw }}</ref> Kambi alizaliwa tarehe 21 Oktoba 1956 na alijijengea umaarufu katika tasnia ya filamu za Tanzania, ambako alicheza katika filamu nyingi za Kiswahili na za [[Bongo Movies]]. Alijulikana kwa kuigiza wahusika wa aina mbalimbali, hasa wahusika wakubwa wenye mamlaka, wazazi, viongozi na watu wenye nafasi muhimu katika familia au jamii.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=MJUE VILIVYO HASHIM KAMBI |url=http://bongofilmdatabase.blogspot.com/2012/08/mjue-vilivyo-hashim-kambi.html |work=Bongo Film Database |accessdate=2025-07-25 |language=sw }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Hashim Kambi |url=https://www.bongocinema.com/casts/view/hashim-kambi |work=BongoCinema |accessdate=2026-10-02 |language=en |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260518211124/https://www.bongocinema.com/casts/view/hashim-kambi |archivedate=2026-05-18 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kabla ya kuingia kikamilifu katika uigizaji, Kambi alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu. Alianza kucheza [[Jogoo Morogoro]] katika miaka ya 1970 na baadaye alijiunga na [[Young Africans S.C.]] mwaka 1977. Katika Yanga alicheza nafasi ya beki wa kati hadi mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1980.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Samia mourns veteran actor Kambi |url=https://dailynews.co.tz/samia-mourns-veteran-actor-kambi/ |work=Daily News |date=2026-04-29 |accessdate=2026-10-02 |language=en }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Hashim Kambi: Umakini zaidi unahitajika katika uigizaji |url=https://www.mwananchi.co.tz/mw/habari/makala/hashim-kambi-umakini-zaidi-unahitajika-katika-uigizaji-2746628 |work=Mwananchi |date=2021-03-18 |accessdate=2025-07-25 |language=sw }}</ref> Baada ya kuacha soka, Kambi alielekeza nguvu zake katika sanaa ya uigizaji. Alikuwa miongoni mwa waigizaji wa kizazi kilichosaidia kukuza filamu za Tanzania wakati tasnia ya filamu za nyumbani ilipoanza kupata umaarufu mkubwa kwa watazamaji wa Kiswahili. Uzoefu wake wa maisha, sauti nzito na uwezo wa kuigiza kwa utulivu ulimsaidia kupewa nafasi katika filamu na maigizo mbalimbali.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Mwigizaji Mkongwe Hashim Kambi Afariki Dunia Dar es Salaam |url=https://globalpublishers.co.tz/2026/04/27/mwigizaji-mkongwe-hashim-kambi-afariki-dunia-dar-es-salaam/ |work=Global Publishers |date=2026-04-27 |accessdate=2026-10-02 |language=sw }}</ref> Miongoni mwa filamu zinazohusishwa naye ni ''[[Bongoland II: There Is No Place Like Home]]'', ''[[Homecoming]]'', ''[[Handsome wa Kijiji]]'' na ''[[Mr. Kiongozi]]''. Katika ''Bongoland II'', alionekana katika filamu iliyoongozwa na Josiah Kibira kuhusu kijana aliyerudi Tanzania baada ya kushindwa kuzoea maisha ya Marekani.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Bongoland II: There Is No Place Like Home |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1125797/ |work=IMDb |accessdate=2026-10-02 |language=en }}</ref> Katika ''Handsome wa Kijiji'', alicheza pamoja na waigizaji wakiwemo Mohamed Fungafunga, Vincent Kigosi na Charles Magari.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Handsome wa kijiji |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt30486956/ |work=IMDb |date=2011 |accessdate=2026-10-02 |language=en }}</ref> Pia alionekana katika ''Mr. Kiongozi'', filamu ya drama ya mwaka 2018 iliyoongozwa na Leah Mwendamseke.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Mr. Kiongozi |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt30331092/ |work=IMDb |date=2018 |accessdate=2026-10-02 |language=en }}</ref> Kambi alifariki wakati akipatiwa matibabu katika Hospitali ya MICO, Sinza, Dar es Salaam, kwa mujibu wa taarifa za habari zilizoripoti kifo chake. Baada ya kifo chake, viongozi wa serikali, klabu ya Yanga, waigizaji na mashabiki walitoa salamu za rambirambi kwa familia yake.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Samia mourns veteran actor Kambi |url=https://dailynews.co.tz/samia-mourns-veteran-actor-kambi/ |work=Daily News |date=2026-04-29 |accessdate=2026-10-02 |language=en }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Former Young Africans player Hashim Kambi dies |url=https://maxsportstz.blogspot.com/2026/04/former-young-africans-yanga-player.html |work=MAX Sports Tanzania |date=2026-04-28 |accessdate=2026-10-02 |language=en }}</ref> Alizikwa katika makaburi ya [[Kisutu]] jijini Dar es Salaam.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Samia mourns veteran actor Kambi |url=https://dailynews.co.tz/samia-mourns-veteran-actor-kambi/ |work=Daily News |date=2026-04-29 |accessdate=2026-10-02 |language=en }}</ref> ==Maisha ya awali na soka== Hashim Kambi alizaliwa mwaka 1956. Kabla ya kuwa mwigizaji, alijulikana katika soka la Tanzania na aliwahi kucheza kama beki wa kati. Alianza katika Jogoo Morogoro kabla ya kujiunga na Young Africans S.C. mwaka 1977.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Samia mourns veteran actor Kambi |url=https://dailynews.co.tz/samia-mourns-veteran-actor-kambi/ |work=Daily News |date=2026-04-29 |accessdate=2026-10-02 |language=en }}</ref> Uzoefu huo wa soka ulimfanya ajulikane katika mazingira ya michezo kabla ya kuanza kujenga jina katika sanaa. Baadaye alihamia kwenye uigizaji na kuanza kuonekana katika filamu za Tanzania, ambako alitumia uzoefu wake wa maisha na uwezo wa kuwasilisha wahusika wenye uzito. ==Kazi ya uigizaji== Kambi alionekana katika filamu za drama, mapenzi, uhalifu na maisha ya familia. Baadhi ya filamu zake zilitumia majina ya Kiswahili, wakati nyingine zilitumia majina ya Kiingereza kwa sababu ya mwelekeo wa soko la filamu za Tanzania na Afrika Mashariki. Taarifa za filamu zake zimekusanywa kutoka katalogi za filamu, hifadhidata za waigizaji na vyanzo vya habari. Kwa sababu filamu nyingi za Bongo Movies zilisambazwa kwa DVD, televisheni na video bila kumbukumbu thabiti za miaka ya kutolewa, mwaka wa kila filamu haujaongezwa hapa isipokuwa pale unapothibitishwa na chanzo. ==Baadhi ya filamu zake== {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ Orodha ya filamu ! Na. ! Jina la filamu ! Mwaka ! Chanzo |- | 1 | ''Simu ya Kifo'' | | <ref name="bongofilm">{{Rejea tovuti |title=MJUE VILIVYO HASHIM KAMBI |url=http://bongofilmdatabase.blogspot.com/2012/08/mjue-vilivyo-hashim-kambi.html |work=Bongo Film Database |accessdate=2025-07-25 |language=sw }}</ref> |- | 2 | ''Kipusa'' | | <ref name="bongofilm"/> |- | 3 | ''The Lost Twins'' | | <ref name="bongofilm"/> |- | 4 | ''Kipuri'' | | <ref name="bongofilm"/> |- | 5 | ''Zuadiswa'' | | <ref name="bongofilm"/> |- | 6 | ''Honey Moon'' | | <ref name="bongofilm"/> |- | 7 | ''Surprise'' | | <ref name="bongofilm"/> |- | 8 | ''Ripple of Tears'' | | <ref name="bongofilm"/> |- | 9 | ''Miss Call'' | | <ref name="bongofilm"/> |- | 10 | ''Romance'' | | <ref name="bongofilm"/> |- | 11 | ''20% Furaha Iko Wapi'' | | <ref name="bongofilm"/> |- | 12 | ''The Passion'' | | <ref name="bongofilm"/> |- | 13 | ''Damu ya Mjomba'' | | <ref name="bongofilm"/> |- | 14 | ''Bwagamoyo'' | | <ref name="bongofilm"/> |- | 15 | ''Binti Nusa'' | | <ref name="bongofilm"/> |- | 16 | ''Sanda Nyeusi'' | | <ref name="bongofilm"/> |- | 17 | ''Babu Seya'' | | <ref name="bongofilm"/> |- | 18 | ''Nguvu ya Mapenzi'' | | <ref name="bongofilm"/> |- | 19 | ''Penzi la Baba'' | | <ref name="bongofilm"/> |- | 20 | ''Olopong'' | | <ref name="bongofilm"/> |- | 21 | ''Silent Killer'' | | <ref name="bongofilm"/> |- | 22 | ''Huba'' | | <ref name="bongofilm"/> |- | 23 | ''My Fiancee Born Again'' | | <ref name="bongofilm"/> |- | 24 | ''Pretty Girl'' | | <ref name="bongofilm"/> |- | 25 | ''Dangerous Deal'' | | <ref name="bongofilm"/> |- | 26 | ''[[Bongoland II: There Is No Place Like Home]]'' | 2008 | <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Bongoland II: There Is No Place Like Home |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1125797/ |work=IMDb |accessdate=2026-10-02 |language=en }}</ref> |- | 27 | ''[[Handsome wa Kijiji]]'' | 2011 | <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Handsome wa kijiji |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt30486956/ |work=IMDb |date=2011 |accessdate=2026-10-02 |language=en }}</ref> |- | 28 | ''[[Homecoming]]'' | 2016 | <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Hashim Kambi - Biography |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2818072/bio/ |work=IMDb |accessdate=2026-10-02 |language=en }}</ref> |- | 29 | ''[[Mr. Kiongozi]]'' | 2018 | <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Mr. Kiongozi |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt30331092/ |work=IMDb |date=2018 |accessdate=2026-10-02 |language=en }}</ref> |} ==Kifo na urithi== Kifo cha Hashim Kambi kiliripotiwa tarehe 27 Aprili 2026. Alikumbukwa kwa taaluma yake ya muda mrefu katika filamu za Tanzania na kwa historia yake ya awali katika soka la Yanga.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Mwigizaji Hashim Kambi afariki dunia |url=https://www.mwanaspoti.co.tz/ms/burudani/mwigizaji-hashim-kambi-afariki-dunia-5438302 |work=Mwanaspoti |date=2026-04-27 |accessdate=2026-04-27 |language=sw }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Hashim Kambi afariki dunia, chanzo chatajwa |url=https://www.mwananchi.co.tz/mw/burudani/hashim-kambi-afariki-dunia-chanzo-chatajwa--5438344 |work=Mwananchi |date=2026-04-27 |accessdate=2026-04-28 |language=sw }}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{marejeo}} ==Viungo vya nje== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20260518211124/https://www.bongocinema.com/casts/view/hashim-kambi Hashim Kambi] — BongoCinema *[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2818072/bio/ Hashim Kambi] — IMDb *[https://dailynews.co.tz/samia-mourns-veteran-actor-kambi/ Samia mourns veteran actor Kambi] — Daily News {{mbegu-igiza-filamu}} {{BD|1956|2026}} [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa mpira wa Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Young Africans S.C.]] kc1spidem6hssfi25k3x3thh7fu2338 0 218706 1606531 1475826 2026-10-09T12:04:10Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606531 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elif Bahar Şahin''' (alizaliwa [[Ankara]], [[4 Mei]] [[1997]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Uturuki]]. == Maisha na taaluma == Familia yake ina asili ya [[Artvin]], na alipofikia umri wa miaka 12, aliishi na [[familia]] yake huko [[Istanbul]] ambapo alisomea na kuendelea na mafunzo yake ya [[sanaa]]. Alijiunga na madarasa ya ''theatre'' wakati wa shule yake. Şahin alifanya mjadala wake wa kwanza wa [[televisheni]] mwaka [[2015]] katika mfululizo ''O Hayat Benim''. Baadaye, alishiriki katika filamu kama ''Yol Arkadaşım'', ''Yol Arkadaşım 2'', na ''İyi Oyun'', na pia alicheza katika mfululizo kadhaa kama ''Lise Devriyesi'' na ''Servet''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ranini.tv/haber/35963/1/zalim-istanbulun-yayin-tarihi-belli-oldu|title=Zalim İstanbul'un yayın tarihi belli oldu!|website=ranini.tv|date=23 March 2019|access-date=10 July 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200301141902/http://www.ranini.tv/haber/35963/1/zalim-istanbulun-yayin-tarihi-belli-oldu|archivedate=2020-03-01|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sozcu.com.tr/hayatim/magazin-haberleri/bahar-sahin-kimdir-bahar-sahin-nereli-ve-kac-yasinda-szcu3/|title=Bahar Şahin kimdir? Bahar Şahin nereli ve kaç yaşında?|newspaper=[[Sözcü]]|date=16 April 2019|access-date=10 July 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cnnturk.com/ajanda/bahar-sahin-kimdir-kac-yasinda-genc-oyuncu-magazinin-gundeminde|title=Bahar Şahin kimdir, kaç yaşında? Genç oyuncu magazinin gündeminde!|publisher=[[CNN Türk]]|date=24 June 2020|access-date=10 July 2020}}</ref> Kati ya mwaka [[2019]] na [[2020]], alipata umaarufu kwa kucheza mhusika wa Ceren katika mfululizo ''Zalim İstanbul'', ambapo alipata uteuzi wa Golden Butterfly Award kwa Mwigizaji Bora wa Kike. Mwaka 2020, alifanya debuti yake katika mfululizo ''İyi Aile Babası'', akicheza mhusika wa Yağmur.<ref>{{Cite web|title=İyi Aile Babası oyuncuları kimler?|url=https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/kelebek/televizyon/iyi-aile-babasi-oyunculari-kimler-41655293|website=Hürriyet|date=5 November 2020|access-date=22 June 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Bahar Şahin kimdir? Bahar Şahin dizileri ve filmleri|url=https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/kelebek/hayat/bahar-sahin-kimdir-bahar-sahin-dizileri-ve-filmleri-41804343|website=Hürriyet|date=5 May 2021|access-date=22 June 2021}}</ref> ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-igiza-filamu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1997]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Uturuki]] [[Jamii:WikiMonthly Edit-a-thon Kilimanjaro]] c9zrz44xw8c5s1wmpj4tavclyc63woy 0 249472 1606650 1596508 2026-10-10T02:45:08Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606650 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fernando Antonio de Jesús Guzmán Mata''' ([[29 Novemba]] [[1921]] – [[26 Oktoba]] [[1993]]) alikuwa daktari na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Costa Rica]] aliyehudumu kama makamu wa pili wa Rais wa [[Kosta Rika|Costa Rica]] kuanzia mwaka 1974 hadi 1978. <ref>{{cite web |title=Historia Partido Liberación Nacional |url=https://liberacionista.net/historia-partido-liberacion-nacional/ |website=Liberacionista.net |language=es |date=16 April 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260915073351/https://liberacionista.net/historia-partido-liberacion-nacional/ |archivedate=2026-09-15 |accessdate=2026-09-14 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[jamii:waliozaliwa 1921]] [[jamii:Wanasiasa wa Kosta Rika]] [[jamii:waliofariki 1993]] mw4si4vuodhwu3j56hu4tpipjfehjtj 0 250660 1606661 1599212 2026-10-10T06:35:09Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606661 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hal Evan Sutton''' (alizaliwa [[28 Aprili]] [[1958]]) ni mchezaji wa [[Gofu (mchezo)|gofu]] wa kulipwa nchini [[Marekani]]. Alizaliwa [[Shreveport, Louisiana]]. Alishinda U.S. Amateur mwaka [[1980]] na alikua mchezaji bora wa chuo mwaka huo. Alishinda mataji 14 ya PGA Tour, ikiwa ni pamoja na PGA Championship mwaka [[1983]]. Alikuwa nahodha wa timu ya Ryder Cup ya Marekani mwaka [[2004]]. Alianzisha Christus Schumpert Sutton Children's Hospital huko Shreveport.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://vault.si.com/vault/1988/06/06/the-fall-of-prince-hal-the-memorial-gave-evidence-of-hal-suttons-decline |title=The Fall of Prince Hal |magazine=Sports Illustrated |first=Jaime |last=Diaz |date=6 June 1988 |access-date=9 October 2024 |archive-date=2021-04-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210422025853/https://vault.si.com/vault/1988/06/06/the-fall-of-prince-hal-the-memorial-gave-evidence-of-hal-suttons-decline |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://thefriedegg.com/hal-sutton-profile/ |title=The Bear Apparent |work=The Fried Egg |first=Andy |last=Johnson |date=19 March 2020 |access-date=9 October 2024}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1958]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa gofu wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanaume wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] enyleuvauetvi3wewg0bhskepfe4l1e 0 252296 1606634 1603431 2026-10-09T23:00:28Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606634 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dorothy Delasin''' (alizaliwa [[26 Agosti]] [[1980]]) ni mchezaji wa [[Gofu (mchezo)|gofu]] wa kulipwa nchini [[Marekani]] na [[Ufilipino]]. Alizaliwa [[Lubbock, Texas]]. Alikulia [[San Francisco]], California. Alishinda U.S. Girls' Junior mwaka [[1996]] na U.S. Women's Amateur mwaka [[1999]]. Alishinda mataji 4 ya LPGA Tour, ikiwa ni pamoja na Samsung World Championship mwaka [[2001]]. Alitajwa kama LPGA Rookie of the Year mwaka [[2000]]. Alishinda Women's World Cup of Golf mwaka [[2008]] akiwakilisha [[Ufilipino]] pamoja na Jennifer Rosales.<ref>[http://www.cifsf.org/uploads/3/2/0/9/32099267/golf-boyschampions.pdf AAA Golf Boys' Annual Champions.] {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} CIF San Francisco Section. Retrieved 2014-08-13.</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1980]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa gofu wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] \[[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 28b6bqgu39cg3weuuggk1mbxtr75xey 0 252402 1606590 1603611 2026-10-09T14:55:09Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606590 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Boubacar Traoré | picha = | image_size = 220 | maelezo = Boubacar Traoré, anayejulikana pia kama Kar Kar. | background = solo_singer | asili yake = [[Kayes]], [[Mali]] | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = 1942 | aina = [[Muziki wa Mandé]], [[blues]], [[Muziki wa Kibambara]] | kazi yake = [[Mwimbaji]], mtunzi wa nyimbo na mpiga gitaa | miaka ya kazi = 1960–sasa | ameshirikiana na = [[Ali Farka Touré]], Vincent Bucher, Régis Gizavo }} '''Boubacar Traoré''' (alizaliwa mwaka 1942) ni mwimbaji, mtunzi wa nyimbo na mpiga gitaa kutoka [[Mali]]. Alizaliwa [[Kayes]], magharibi mwa Mali, na anajulikana pia kwa jina la utani la '''Kar Kar''', alilopewa kutokana na ustadi wake wa kucheza mpira wa miguu akiwa kijana.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Boubacar Traoré |url=https://music.apple.com/ma/artist/boubacar-traor%C3%A9/160996571 |website=Apple Music |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref> Traoré ni mmoja wa wawakilishi mashuhuri wa muziki wa [[Mandé]] na [[blues ya Mali]]. Mtindo wake unatokana na mizizi ya muziki wa jadi wa Kibambara, ukichanganywa na matumizi ya gitaa yenye hisia za blues. Nyimbo zake mara nyingi huhusu mapenzi, maisha ya kawaida, kumbukumbu, huzuni, uhamaji na matatizo ya kijamii.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Biographie - Boubacar Traoré |url=https://www.boubacartraore.com/biography |website=Boubacar Traoré |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Traoré, Boubacar |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/education/news-wires-white-papers-and-books/traore-boubacar |website=Encyclopedia.com |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref> Alianza kujulikana nchini Mali mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1960 kupitia redio na nyimbo zake za Kibambara. Hata hivyo, kwa muda mrefu hakuweza kurekodi albamu nyingi, kwa sababu hakufuata mara moja mfumo wa kawaida wa tasnia ya muziki ya kibiashara. Baadaye aligunduliwa na mtayarishaji wa Kiingereza, ambaye alimsaidia kurekodi albamu yake ya kwanza, ''[[Mariama]]'', mwaka 1990.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Biographie - Boubacar Traoré |url=https://www.boubacartraore.com/biography |website=Boubacar Traoré |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260518065910/https://www.boubacartraore.com/biography |archivedate=2026-05-18 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Boubacar Traoré - RFI Musique |url=http://www1.rfi.fr/musiqueen/articles/066/article_7534.asp |website=RFI Musique |date=8 Juni 2005 |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref> Albamu ''Mariama'' ilimrudisha Traoré katika ulingo wa muziki wa kimataifa, na ikafuatiwa na ''[[Kar Kar]]'', ''[[Les Enfants de Pierrette]]'', ''[[Sa Golo]]'' na ''[[Maciré]]''. Nyimbo zake za kipindi hicho zilimjengea sifa kama mmoja wa wapiga gitaa wa kipekee wa muziki wa Mali.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Artist Profiles: Boubacar Traoré |url=https://worldmusiccentral.org/artist-profiles-boubacar-traore/ |website=World Music Central |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref> Mwaka 2002 alihusika katika muziki wa filamu ya ''[[Je chanterai pour toi]]'', iliyoeleza sehemu ya maisha yake na safari yake ya muziki. Kazi hiyo ilisaidia kumtambulisha kwa hadhira mpya barani Ulaya na kwingineko.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Biographie - Boubacar Traoré |url=https://www.boubacartraore.com/biography |website=Boubacar Traoré |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260518065910/https://www.boubacartraore.com/biography |archivedate=2026-05-18 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Boubacar Traoré |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/education/news-wires-white-papers-and-books/traore-boubacar |website=Encyclopedia.com |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref> Katika albamu ''[[Kongo Magni]]'', Traoré alifanya kazi na wanamuziki wa kimataifa kama mpiga harmonika Vincent Bucher na mpiga accordion Régis Gizavo. Ushirikiano huo uliipa muziki wake mchanganyiko wa blues, ala za jadi za Mali na sauti pana ya muziki wa dunia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Boubacar Traoré - RFI Musique |url=http://www1.rfi.fr/musiqueen/articles/066/article_7534.asp |website=RFI Musique |date=8 Juni 2005 |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref> Traoré pia amefanya kazi na wanamuziki wengine maarufu wa Mali, akiwemo [[Ali Farka Touré]]. Anahusishwa na kizazi cha wanamuziki waliosaidia kuifanya blues ya Mali ijulikane kimataifa, ingawa mtindo wake unabaki kuwa wa utulivu, wa karibu na wa kusimulia hadithi kuliko wa muziki wa dansi wa kasi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Artist Profiles: Boubacar Traoré |url=https://worldmusiccentral.org/artist-profiles-boubacar-traore/ |website=World Music Central |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref> ==Diskografia== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Albamu ! Mwaka ! Kampuni ya kurekodi |- | ''[[Mariama]]'' | 1990 | Stern's Africa |- | ''[[Kar Kar]]'' | 1992 | Stern's Africa |- | ''[[Les Enfants de Pierrette]]'' | 1995 | Revue Noire |- | ''[[Sa Golo]]'' | 1996 | Label Bleu/Indigo |- | ''[[Sécheresse]]'' | 1999 | Syllart Productions/Sono Africa |- | ''[[Maciré]]'' | 1999 | Label Bleu/Indigo |- | ''[[Je chanterai pour toi]]'' | 2002 | Marabi Productions |- | ''[[The Best of Boubacar Traoré]]'' | 2003 | Wrasse Records |- | ''[[Kongo Magni]]'' | 2005 | Marabi Productions |- | ''[[Mali Denhou]]'' | 2011 | Lusafrica |- | ''[[Mbalimaou]]'' | 2014 | Lusafrica |- | ''[[Dounia Tabolo]]'' | 2017 | Lusafrica |} ==Nyimbo maarufu== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Na. ! Jina la wimbo ! Albamu ! Mwaka |- | 1 | ''Mariama'' | ''[[Mariama]]'' | 1990 |- | 2 | ''Kar Kar'' | ''[[Kar Kar]]'' | 1992 |- | 3 | ''Les Enfants de Pierrette'' | ''[[Les Enfants de Pierrette]]'' | 1995 |- | 4 | ''Sa Golo'' | ''[[Sa Golo]]'' | 1996 |- | 5 | ''Duna Ma Yelema'' | ''[[Sa Golo]]'' | 1996 |- | 6 | ''Hona'' | ''[[Sa Golo]]'' | 1996 |- | 7 | ''Maciré'' | ''[[Maciré]]'' | 1999 |- | 8 | ''Sécheresse'' | ''[[Sécheresse]]'' | 1999 |- | 9 | ''Je chanterai pour toi'' | ''[[Je chanterai pour toi]]'' | 2002 |- | 10 | ''Kongô Magni'' | ''[[Kongo Magni]]'' | 2005 |- | 11 | ''Diaraby'' | ''[[Diaraby]]'' | 2000 |- | 12 | ''Mali Denhou'' | ''[[Mali Denhou]]'' | 2011 |- | 13 | ''Mbalimaou'' | ''[[Mbalimaou]]'' | 2014 |- | 14 | ''Dounia Tabolo'' | ''[[Dounia Tabolo]]'' | 2017 |} ==Marejeo== {{marejeo}} {{BD|1942}} {{mbegu-mwanamuziki}} [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Mali]] [[Jamii:Waimbaji wa Kibambara]] [[Jamii:Wapiga gitaa]] s5v9jtbqzrjv32ghcicxhvgnt17louf 0 252433 1606621 1603984 2026-10-09T21:24:45Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 4 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606621 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Delly Likunde Litawehe''' ni [[Siasa|mwanasiasa]] nchini [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. Amekuwa meya wa [[Kisangani]], [[makao makuu]] ya [[mkoa wa Tshopo]], tangu tarehe 11 Januari. == Wasifu == === Uteuzi === Akiwa mwanachama mwandamizi wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS) (tawi la Kisangani), aliteuliwa kuwa meya wa Kisangani kupitia amri ya rais ya tarehe 25 Novemba 2022. Alianza rasmi majukumu yake tarehe 11 Januari 2023, katika hafla ya makabidhiano ya ofisi kutoka kwa mtangulizi wake, Jean Louis Alaso<ref name="AdamETWineur">{{fr}} ; ''Joseph KIPALA : [https://okapinews.net/nation/tshopo-nomme-par-ordonnance-presidentielle-delly-likunde-prend-officiellement-ses-fonctions-de-maire-de-la-ville-de-kisangani/, Tshopo : Jeudi, 12 janvier 2023-Nommé par ordonnance présidentielle le 25 novembre 2022, c’est finalement le mercredi 11 janvier que M. Delly Likunde Litawehe a pris officiellement son nouveau fauteuil de Maire de la ville de Kisangani], sur Okapinews.net, 12 janvier 2023, consulté le 01 Octobre 2026</ref>. Katika hafla hiyo, iliyohudhuriwa na viongozi mbalimbali wa kisiasa na kiutawala, wajumbe wa vyama vya siasa, wanachama wa "Muungano Mtakatifu" (Sacred Union), na wageni wengine, alibainisha changamoto kadhaa kubwa zinazokabili jiji hilo, hasa suala la usafi wa mazingira na usalama wa jiji. Ili kuhakikisha maendeleo ya jiji, meya mpya wa Kisangani aliwataka wakazi kumuunga mkono katika kushughulikia changamoto hizo na kutatua masuala mengine muhimu kwa ajili ya uongozi bora wa jiji<ref name="AdamETWineur" />. === Maelezo ya Shughuli za Kisiasa === Akiwa mwanachama wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress, anashiriki kikamilifu katika uhamasishaji wa wananchi wa kawaida mjini Kisangani, hasa wakati wa mapokezi ya Rais [[Félix Tshisekedi]]<ref name="AdamETWineur-000">{{fr}} ; ''Redaction : [https://lumiernews.net/kisangani-tout-en-souhaitant-la-bienvenue-au-president-de-la-republique-felix-tshisekedi-delly-likunde-mobilise-ses-troupes/, Kisangani : Tout en souhaitant la bienvenue au Président de la République Félix Tshisekedi, Delly Likunde mobilise ses troupes], sur lumiernews.net, 20 Octobre 2024 à 4:35 pm, consulté le 01 Octobre 2026</ref>{{,}}<ref name="AdamETWineur-001">{{fr}} ; ''Rédaction : [https://www.laclocheducongo.com/2024/10/kisangani-cette-premiere-satisfaction.html, Kisangani/ : cette première satisfaction du maire Delly Likunde sur la mobilisation des Boyomais pour l'accueil triomphal de Félix Tshisekedi], sur laclocheducongo.com, 23 Octobre 2024, consulté le 01 Octobre 2026</ref>. == Kazi katika Ukumbi wa Jiji == === Mamlaka === [[image:Mairie de Kisangani.jpg|thumb|vignette| left|300 px|''Ofisi ya Meya wa Kisangani]] Mnamo Agosti 2024, alisema kuwa Serikali haikuwa imemlipa kwa muda wa mwaka mmoja na miezi saba, lakini aliendelea kutekeleza majukumu yake.<ref name="AdamETWineur-002">{{fr}} ; ''Rédaction : [https://www.laclocheducongo.com/2024/08/kisangani-je-suis-impaye-voici-une.html, Kisangani : " je suis impayé voici une année et 7 mois", crie le maire de la ville l'UDPS Delly Likunde], sur www.laclocheducongo.com, 15 août 2024, consulté le 01 Octobre 2026</ref>. Mnamo tarehe 18 Septemba 2024, mradi wa "Kukuza Utawala Bora" ulizinduliwa na Usmane Kapala katika jimbo la Tshopo, kaskazini-mashariki mwa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo. Yeye na ujumbe wake walikutana na Meya wa Kisangani ili kupata mwongozo kuhusu utekelezaji wa mradi huo, ambao ulizinduliwa rasmi tarehe 20 Septemba 2024 kwa ajili ya shughuli za baadaye katika eneo hilo<ref name="AdamETWineur-0000">{{fr}} ; ''acp : [https://acp.cd/province/tshopo-un-projet-sur-la-bonne-gouvernance-annonce-au-maire-de-a-kisangani, Tshopo : un projet sur la bonne gouvernance annoncé au maire de à Kisangani] {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, sur acp.cd, 18 Septembre 2024, consulté le 01 Octobre 2026</ref>. === Usalama na Usafi === Mnamo Agosti 2025, alizindua kampeni ya “Clean City Kisangani” (Jiji Safi la Kisangani), iliyohusisha usambazaji wa vifaa vya kuhifadhi taka za umma na kuwapanga wafanyakazi wa usimamizi ili kuzuia wizi<ref name="AdamETWineur-003">{{fr}} ; ''Radio Okapi : [https://www.radiookapi.net/2025/08/15/emissions/linvite-du-jour/le-maire-delly-likunde-engage-la-lutte-contre-linsalubrite, Le maire Delly Likunde engage la lutte contre l’insalubrité à travers la campagne « Kisangani ville propre »] {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, sur www.radiookapi.net, 15 Août 2025 consulté le 01 Octobre 2026</ref>{{,}}<ref name="AdamETWineur-004">{{fr}} ; ''Espedi Saile : [https://lebarometre.cd/2026/07/21/kisangani-delly-likunde-lance-la-phase-de-repression-contre-linsalubrite-les-contrevenants-desormais-interpelles/ ,Kisangani : Delly Likunde lance la phase de répression contre l’insalubrité, les contrevenants désormais interpellés], sur www.radiookapi.net, 21 Juillet 2026, consulté le 01 Octobre 2026</ref>{{,}}<ref name="AdamETWineur-005">{{fr}} ; ''Rédaction : [https://lumiernews.net/lutte-contre-linsalubrite-a-kisangani-le-maire-delly-likunde-sactive-avec-linstallation-prochaine-de-poubelles-publiques/, Lutte contre l’insalubrité à Kisangani : Le Maire Delly Likunde s’active avec l’installation prochaine de poubelles publiques], sur lumiernews.net, 13 Mai 2025, consulté le 01 Octobre 2026</ref>. Mnamo tarehe 22 Septemba 2026, katikati ya mlipuko wa Ebola, alitoa agizo la kupiga marufuku mikusanyiko yote ya umma hadi hapo itakapotangazwa vinginevyo. Pia alizungumzia hali ya afya kuhusiana na virusi vya Ebola na kuwataka wananchi kutopuuza hatari hiyo, huku akiwasihi kuzingatia kikamilifu hatua za kinga zilizopendekezwa na mamlaka za afya. Meya aliwataka wakazi wa Kisangani kuzingatia kwa dhati hatua za tahadhari na kuwa macho dhidi ya Ebola, akisisitiza kuwa mapambano dhidi ya ugonjwa huo yanahitaji ushiriki wa jamii nzima<ref name="AdamETWineur-006">{{fr}} ; ''Jeff Saile : [https://lebarometre.cd/2026/09/28/kisangani-delly-likunde-preside-la-parade-du-lundi-et-insiste-sur-lassainissement-la-vigilance-et-la-lutte-contre-ebola/, KISANGANI : DELLY LIKUNDE PRÉSIDE LA PARADE DU LUNDI ET INSISTE SUR L’ASSAINISSEMENT, LA VIGILANCE ET LA LUTTE CONTRE EBOLA] {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, sur lebarometre.cd, 28 Septembre 2026, consulté le 01 Octobre 2026</ref>{{,}}<ref name="AdamETWineur-007">{{fr}} ; ''ACP : [https://acp.cd/province/tshopo-interdiction-dattroupements-dans-les-lieux-publics-jusqua-nouvel-ordre/, Tshopo : interdiction d’attroupements dans les lieux publics jusqu’à nouvel ordre] {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, sur ACP.cd, 22 Septembre 2026, consulté le 01 Octobre 2026</ref>. === Usafiri na Elimu === Oktoba 14, 2025<ref name="AdamETWineur-010">{{fr}} ; ''Radio Okapi : [https://www.radiookapi.net/2025/09/28/actualite/education/500-moto-taximen-de-kisangani-formes-au-code-de-la-route ,500 moto-taximen de Kisangani formés au code de la route], sur www.radiookapi.net, 28 Septembre 2025, consulté le 01 Octobre 2026</ref>, Alikutana na wawakilishi wa madereva wa teksi ili kuratibu mafunzo ya lazima yanayotolewa na Baraza la Taifa la Usalama Barabarani (NRCB), ambayo gharama yake imepunguzwa hadi dola 10. Meya wa Kisangani, Bw. Delly Likunde Litawehe, aliwakutanisha wawakilishi wa madereva wa teksi katika ukumbi wa mikutano wa Jengo la Utawala la Jiji la Kisangani. Lengo la mkutano huo lilikuwa kuwapa uelewa madereva wa teksi za pikipiki kuhusu umuhimu wa mafunzo hayo ya lazima yaliyoanzishwa na Baraza la Taifa la Usalama Barabarani (CNPR)<ref name="AdamETWineur-008">{{fr}} ; ''Espedi Saile : [https://lebarometre.cd/2025/10/12/kisangani-le-maire-delly-likunde-echange-avec-les-representants-des-taximens-sur-la-formation-obligatoire-du-cnpr/ ,Kisangani : le Maire Delly Likunde échange avec les représentants des taximens sur la formation obligatoire du CNPR], sur Lebarometre.cd, 12 octobre 2025, consulté le 01 Octobre 2026</ref>{{,}}<ref name="AdamETWineur-009">{{fr}} ; ''Rédaction : [https://www.laclocheducongo.com/2025/10/kisangani-le-maire-delly-likunde.html?m=1, Kisangani : le maire Delly Likunde mobilise les taximen motards pour la réussite de l’opération de recyclage obligatoire des conducteurs], sur Lebarometre.cd, 11 octobre 2025, consulté le 01 Octobre 2026</ref>. Tarehe 1 Septemba 2026, anahudhuria hafla ya kuanza kwa mwaka wa masomo katika Athenaeum ya Kisangani pamoja na Gavana Paulin Lendongolia na Naibu Waziri wa Elimu<ref name="AdamETWineur-011">{{fr}} ; ''Espedi Saile : [https://lebarometre.cd/2026/09/01/rentree-scolaire-a-kisangani-delly-likunde-aux-cotes-du-gouverneur-paulin-lendongolia-et-du-vice-ministre-de-leducation/ , TSHOPO : "A KISANGANI LA RENTRÉE SCOLAIRE À KISANGANI : DELLY LIKUNDE AUX CÔTÉS DU GOUVERNEUR PAULIN LENDONGOLIA ET DU VICE-MINISTRE DE L’ÉDUCATION"], sur Lebarometre.cd, 01 Septembre 2026, consulté le 01 Octobre 2026</ref>{{,}}<ref name="AdamETWineur-012">{{fr}} ; ''Léopold BADJOKO : [https://universelleinfo.com/rentree-scolaire-2026-2027-a-lathenee-de-kisangani-le-gouverneur-paulin-lendongolia-place-leducation-au-coeur-des-priorites-de-la-tshopo/, Kisangani: "Rentrée scolaire 2026-2027 : à l’Athénée de Kisangani, le Gouverneur Paulin Lendongolia place l’éducation au cœur des priorités de la Tshopo"], sur universelleinfo.com, 01 Septembre 2026, consulté le 01 Octobre 2026</ref>. === Mzalendo aliyejitolea === Mnamo tarehe 28 Januari 2025, aliongoza maandamano mjini Kisangani kuunga mkono jeshi la FARDC na kulaani uchokozi wa Rwanda katika eneo la mashariki mwa nchi<ref name="AdamETWineur-013">{{fr}} ; ''Rédaction : [https://lumiernews.net/guerre-a-lest-nous-sommes-fatigues-nous-ne-voulons-plus-de-cette-guerre-sindigne-le-maire-de-kisangani-delly-likunde/, Guerre à l’Est : « Nous sommes fatigués, nous ne voulons plus de cette guerre », s’indigne le maire de Kisangani, Delly Likunde], sur lumiernews.net, 29 janvier 2025, consulté le 01 Octobre 2026</ref>{{,}}<ref name="AdamETWineur-014">{{fr}} ; ''Rédaction : [https://www.laclocheducongo.com/2025/01/kisangani-cet-appel-au-patriotisme.html?m=1#google_vignette, Kisangani : cet appel au patriotisme lancé par le maire Delly Likunde à ses administrés], sur lumiernews.net, 31 janvier 2025, consulté le 01 Octobre 2026</ref>. == Tazama pia == * [[Kisangani]] * [[Tshopo]] * [[Orodha ya wakuu wa mkoa wa Tshopo]] * [[Costant Lomata]] * [[Louis-Marie Walle Lufungula]] * [[Jean Tokole Ilongo]] * [[Paulin Lendongolia Lebabonga]] == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] cj4omw7w3nzylkrnhule58xsih1ssf9 0 252469 1606651 1603797 2026-10-10T03:10:49Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606651 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Fotigui Diabaté | picha = | image_size = 220 | maelezo = Fotigui Diabaté akicheza gitaa. | background = non_vocal_instrumentalist | asili yake = [[Mali]] | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = | aina = [[Muziki wa Kibambara]], [[muziki wa Mandé]], [[blues ya Mali]] | kazi yake = Mpiga gitaa, mtunzi wa nyimbo na mwanamuziki wa jadi | miaka ya kazi = 1950–sasa | ameshirikiana na = [[Koni Koumaré]] }} '''Fotigui Diabaté''' ni mpiga gitaa na mwanamuziki wa jadi kutoka [[Mali]] anayehusishwa na muziki wa [[Kibambara]] na utamaduni wa [[Mandé]]. Anajulikana zaidi kwa kuandamana na mwimbaji [[Koni Koumaré]] katika rekodi za muziki wa jadi za Mali.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Sory Doumbia / Coumare (Koni); Diabate (Fotigui) guitariste |url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k88323142.media |website=Gallica, Bibliothèque nationale de France |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref> Diabaté alikuwa mpiga gitaa wa mtindo wa jeli, uliounganisha uimbaji wa jadi wa Kibambara na gitaa la nyuzi. Katika muziki wa aina hii, gitaa hutumika kama ala ya kuunga mkono sauti ya mwimbaji, lakini pia hutoa melodia na midundo inayobeba wimbo mzima. Mchanganyiko huo uliisaidia muziki wa jadi wa Mali kufikika katika mazingira ya rekodi za kibiashara za karne ya 20. Kazi yake inayojulikana zaidi ni ushirikiano wake na Koni Koumaré. Wawili hao walirekodi nyimbo kama ''Sory Doumbia'', ''Damonzon'', ''Nanidie'', ''Souleman Coumare'', ''Garba Mama'' na ''Klaoua''. Katika rekodi hizo, Koni Koumaré anaongoza kwa sauti, huku Fotigui Diabaté akicheza gitaa la jadi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Koni Coumare / Fotigui Diabate folklore bambara |url=https://www.sofarecords.fr/en/koni-coumare-fotigui-diabate/folklore-bambara/p2990407070/ |website=Sofa Records |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Central Africa, Fiesta 51.200–51.303 |url=http://afrodisc.com/central-africa/central-africa-fonior-fiesta-label-45-rpm-series/central-africa-fiesta-51-200-51-303-33/ |website=Afrodisc |date=11 Agosti 2014 |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref> Baadhi ya rekodi zao za awali zilitolewa kama single za 78 rpm katika miaka ya 1950 na 1960. Rekodi hizo zilitolewa baadaye tena katika miundo ya LP, CD na huduma za kidijitali. Kwa hiyo, mwaka unaoonekana katika katalogi unaweza kuwa mwaka wa toleo jipya, si lazima mwaka wa kwanza wa kurekodiwa.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Koni Coumare / Fotigui Diabate folklore bambara |url=https://www.sofarecords.fr/en/koni-coumare-fotigui-diabate/folklore-bambara/p2990407070/ |website=Sofa Records |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Central Africa, Fiesta 51.200–51.303 |url=http://afrodisc.com/central-africa/central-africa-fonior-fiesta-51-200-51-303-33/ |website=Afrodisc |date=11 Agosti 2014 |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Mwaka 1962, Bibliothèque nationale de France iliweka kumbukumbu ya rekodi ya ''Sory Doumbia'' na ''Damonzon'', ambapo Koni Koumaré ametajwa kama mwimbaji na Fotigui Diabaté kama mpiga gitaa. Rekodi hiyo ni ushahidi muhimu wa ushirikiano wao katika muziki wa Kibambara.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Sory Doumbia / Coumare (Koni); Diabate (Fotigui) guitariste |url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k88323142.media |website=Gallica, Bibliothèque nationale de France |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref> Albamu ''[[Folklore Bambara]]'' ilitolewa mwaka 1974 ikiwa na jina la Koni Koumaré na Fotigui Diabaté. Albamu hiyo ina nyimbo 16 na inawakilisha mkusanyiko wa nyimbo za jadi za Kibambara. Toleo la kidijitali la albamu hiyo liliwekwa katika katalogi ya Apple Music mwaka 2024, lakini rekodi za awali zinaonyesha kwamba baadhi ya nyimbo zilitolewa katika vipindi vya nyuma zaidi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Folklore Bambara par Koni Coumare & Fotiqui Diabate |url=https://music.apple.com/fr/album/folklore-bambara/1738642748 |website=Apple Music |date=2 Machi 1974 |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Koni Coumare, Fotiqui Diabate - Folklore Bambara |url=https://www.discogs.com/release/10467158-Koni-Coumare-Fotiqui-Diabate-Folklore-Bambara |website=Discogs |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref> Katika ''Folklore Bambara'', Fotigui Diabaté anaonekana kama mpiga gitaa anayesindikiza sauti ya Koni Koumaré. Nyimbo hizo ni muhimu kwa sababu zinaonyesha aina ya uimbaji wa jadi wa Bamanan uliorekodiwa pamoja na gitaa, badala ya kutumia orchestra kubwa au ala za kisasa pekee. ==Ushirikiano na Koni Koumaré== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Jina la wimbo ! Aina ya rekodi ! Mwaka wa rekodi au toleo ! Jukumu la Fotigui Diabaté |- | ''Sory Doumbia'' | Single | 1962 | Mpiga gitaa |- | ''Damonzon'' | Single | 1962 | Mpiga gitaa |- | ''Nanidie'' | Single | 1953/1976 | Mpiga gitaa |- | ''Souleman Coumare'' | Single | 1953/1976 | Mpiga gitaa |- | ''Garba Mama'' | Single | 1953/1976 | Mpiga gitaa |- | ''Klaoua'' | Single | 1953/1976 | Mpiga gitaa |- | ''Maridie Niare'' | ''[[Folklore Bambara]]'' | 1974 | Mpiga gitaa |} ==Diskografia== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Albamu au rekodi ! Mwaka ! Wasanii ! Maelezo |- | ''[[Sory Doumbia / Damonzon]]'' | 1962 | Koni Koumaré na Fotigui Diabaté | Single |- | ''[[Nanidie / Souleman Coumare]]'' | 1953/1976 | Koni Koumaré na Fotigui Diabaté | Single ya 78 rpm iliyotolewa tena |- | ''[[Garba Mama / Klaoua]]'' | 1953/1976 | Koni Koumaré na Fotigui Diabaté | Single ya 78 rpm iliyotolewa tena |- | ''[[Folklore Bambara]]'' | 1974 | Koni Koumaré na Fotigui Diabaté | Albamu yenye nyimbo 16 |} ==Nyimbo zinazohusishwa== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Na. ! Jina la wimbo ! Albamu au rekodi ! Mwaka |- | 1 | ''Sory Doumbia'' | ''[[Sory Doumbia / Damonzon]]'' | 1962 |- | 2 | ''Damonzon'' | ''[[Sory Doumbia / Damonzon]]'' | 1962 |- | 3 | ''Nanidie'' | ''[[Nanidie / Souleman Coumare]]'' | 1953/1976 |- | 4 | ''Souleman Coumare'' | ''[[Nanidie / Souleman Coumare]]'' | 1953/1976 |- | 5 | ''Garba Mama'' | ''[[Garba Mama / Klaoua]]'' | 1953/1976 |- | 6 | ''Klaoua'' | ''[[Garba Mama / Klaoua]]'' | 1953/1976 |- | 7 | ''Maridie Niare'' | ''[[Folklore Bambara]]'' | 1974 |} ==Marejeo== {{marejeo}} == Jisomee == *{{Rejea tovuti |title=Sory Doumbia / Coumare (Koni); Diabate (Fotigui) guitariste |url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k88323142.media |work=Gallica, Bibliothèque nationale de France |accessdate=2026-10-02 |language=fr }} *{{Rejea tovuti |title=Koni Coumare / Fotigui Diabate folklore bambara |url=https://www.sofarecords.fr/en/koni-coumare-fotigui-diabate/folklore-bambara/p2990407070/ |work=Sofa Records |accessdate=2026-10-02 |language=en }} *{{Rejea tovuti |title=Central Africa, Fiesta 51.200–51.303 |url=http://afrodisc.com/central-africa/central-africa-fonior-fiesta-51-rpm-series/central-africa-fiesta-51-200-51-303-33/ |work=Afrodisc |date=2014-08-11 |accessdate=2026-10-02 |language=en }} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} *{{Rejea tovuti |title=Folklore Bambara par Koni Coumare & Fotiqui Diabate |url=https://music.apple.com/fr/album/folklore-bambara/1738642748 |work=Apple Music |date=1974-03-02 |accessdate=2026-10-02 |language=fr }} {{mbegu-mwanamuziki}} [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Mali]] [[Jamii:Waimbaji wa Kibambara]] [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa jadi wa Mali]] nd8hsldj6m05ti1lfyaibzw7bsmex0y 0 252475 1606532 1603775 2026-10-09T12:23:57Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 3 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606532 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Baninko''' ni eneo la kihistoria na kitamaduni lililopo kusini-mashariki mwa [[Mali]], kusini mwa Mto [[Bani]]. Katika mfumo wa sasa wa kiutawala, linahusishwa zaidi na eneo la [[Dioïla]] mkoani [[Koulikoro]]. Eneo hili lina msingi mkuu katika jamii ya [[Bamana]] (Bambara) na lugha ya [[Kibambara]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Baninko |url=https://cormand.huma-num.fr/lexique/lexicon/b.htm |website=Bamadaba - Dictionnaire Bambara |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Evolution des systèmes fonciers au Mali |url=https://www.bakarycamara.ml/Draft-these-pour-CAMES.pdf |website=Bakary Camara |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Etimolojia ya jina Baninko inatokana na maneno ya Kibambara ''banin'' ("mto mdogo") na ''ko'' ("ng'ambo" au "nyuma"). Wakati wa [[Ufalme wa Ségou]], jina hili lilitumika kumaanisha eneo lililopo ng'ambo ya Mto Bani kwa mtazamo wa utawala huo, kabla ya kuwa utambulisho rasmi wa kijiografia na kitamaduni.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Evolution des systèmes fonciers au Mali |url=https://www.bakarycamara.ml/Draft-these-pour-CAMES.pdf |website=Bakary Camara |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Jiografia == Baninko haina mipaka rasmi ya kiserikali; badala yake, mipaka yake hutofautiana kulingana na muktadha wa kihistoria, kijiografia au kitamaduni. Eneo hili lipo katika ukanda wa savanna kusini mwa Mali, mbali na jangwa la Sahara. Mazingira yake yanajumuisha maisha ya kijijini yanayotegemea kilimo, masoko ya jamii na sherehe za kitamaduni. == Watu na lugha == Wakazi wengi wa Baninko ni wa jamii ya [[Bamana]], na [[Kibambara]] ndiyo lugha kuu ya mawasiliano na utamaduni. Jamii za eneo hili zinafanya kazi kwa mfumo wa koo na familia. Urithi wa historia, nasaba na maadili ya jamii huhifadhiwa na kusimuliwa kupitia simulizi za mdomo na nyimbo zinazotolewa na wanamuziki wa jadi, maarufu kama [[jeli]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Baninko |url=https://cormand.huma-num.fr/lexique/lexicon/b.htm |website=Bamadaba - Dictionnaire Bambara |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref> == Muziki na utamaduni == Muziki wa Baninko unahusisha nyimbo za majeli, ngoma, na nyimbo za sherehe zinazombatana na dansi na maigizo ya kijamii.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Digitization, restoration & publication |url=https://www.benkadi.org/en/portfolio/digitization-restoration-publication |website=Benkadi |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref> Umuhimu wa muziki wa eneo hili unadhahirishwa na albamu ya ''[[Mali: Musique bambara du Baninko]]'' (*Bambara Music of Baninko*), iliyotolewa na lebo ya VDE-GALLO mwaka 1998. Albamu hiyo yenye nyimbo 19 inawashirikisha wanamuziki mashuhuri kama [[Jeli Fotigui Jabaté]], [[Abel Malé]], [[Abdou Sangaré]], [[Bakari Sangaré]], na wengineo.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mali: Musique bambara du Baninko |url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/mali-musique-bambara-du-baninko-bambara-music-of-baniko/933620526 |website=Apple Music |date=1 Januari 1998 |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Mali: Musique du Bambara du Baniko |url=https://vdegallo.com/en/produit/mali-musique-du-bambara-du-baniko-bambara-music-of-baniko-2/ |website=VDE-GALLO |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref> Kazi mashuhuri kutoka kwenye mkusanyiko huo ni pamoja na nyimbo za ''Ben ka di'' (ulioimbwa na Abel Malé, Abdou Sangaré na Bakari Sangaré) na ''Sarafo'' (ulioimbwa na Jeli Fotigui Jabaté). Nyimbo nyingine ni pamoja na ''Burubilafòli'', ''Mòò bonyan'', ''Soyirindo'', ''Baaden'', ''Sibaw'' na ''N’taa to ‘e so''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ben ka di - Abel Malé, Abdou Sangaré, Bakari Sangaré |url=https://open.spotify.com/track/0qldie2m8X8z4RXoeuE82g |website=Spotify |date=1998 |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sarafo - Jeli Fotigui Jabaté |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/song/sarafo/CiYBZANafGE |website=JioSaavn |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref> == Umuhimu wa kitamaduni == Baninko ni eneo muhimu katika utafiti wa historia ya Bamana kutokana na ushirikiano wake wa kijiografia, kiutawala na kisanaa. Rekodi za sauti zilizohifadhiwa zimesaidia kutunza urithi wa muziki na lugha ya Kibambara na kuisambaza kimataifa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Digitization, restoration & publication |url=https://www.benkadi.org/en/portfolio/digitization-restoration-publication |website=Benkadi |access-date=2 Oktoba 2026}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} *{{Rejea tovuti |title=Baninko |url=https://cormand.huma-num.fr/lexique/lexicon/b.htm |work=Bamadaba - Dictionnaire Bambara |accessdate=2026-10-02 |language=fr }} *{{Rejea tovuti |title=Evolution des systèmes fonciers au Mali |url=https://www.bakarycamara.ml/Draft-these-pour-CAMES.pdf |work=Bakary Camara |accessdate=2026-10-02 |language=fr }} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} *{{Rejea tovuti |title=Digitization, restoration & publication |url=https://www.benkadi.org/en/portfolio/digitization-restoration-publication |work=Benkadi |accessdate=2026-10-02 |language=en }} *{{Rejea tovuti |title=Mali: Musique bambara du Baninko |url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/mali-musique-bambara-du-baninko-bambara-music-of-baniko/933620526 |work=Apple Music |date=1998-01-01 |accessdate=2026-10-02 |language=en }} *{{Rejea tovuti |title=Mali: Musique du Bambara du Baniko / Bambara Music of Baniko |url=https://vdegallo.com/en/produit/mali-musique-du-bambara-du-baniko-bambara-music-of-baniko-2/ |work=VDE-GALLO |accessdate=2026-10-02 |language=en }} [[Jamii:Jiografia ya Mali]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Mali]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Bamana]] [[Jamii:Muziki wa Mali]] [[Jamii:Maeneo ya kihistoria ya Afrika]] 23qj38sh6mupm6qsetz0s3rce1yof1e 0 252575 1606644 1603965 2026-10-10T01:16:03Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606644 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Erica Paige Blasberg''' ([[14 Julai]] [[1984]] – [[9 Mei]] [[2010]]) alikuwa mchezaji wa [[Gofu (mchezo)|gofu]] wa kulipwa nchini [[Marekani]]. Alizaliwa [[Corona, California]]. Alihitimu kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Arizona, ambako alishinda mataji 6 katika taaluma yake ya chuo kikuu. Alijiunga na LPGA Tour mwaka [[2004]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://golfweek.usatoday.com/2010/05/10/lpga-player-erica-blasberg-25-dies/|title=LPGA player Erica Blasberg, 25, dies|date=May 10, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250225053849/https://golfweek.usatoday.com/2010/05/10/lpga-player-erica-blasberg-25-dies/|archivedate=2025-02-25|accessdate=2026-10-03|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="birth-record">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.myheritage.com/|title=Family Tree, Genealogy, Family History, and DNA Testing|website=www.myheritage.com}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1984]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2010]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa gofu wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] pd53509dkhcqq2kzfxoak8s2rn7l9il 0 252805 1606623 1604328 2026-10-09T21:51:10Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606623 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dhruba KC''' alikuwa kocha wa timu ya taifa ya mpira wa miguu ya Nepal, aliyeteuliwa tarehe 16 Julai 2015 baada ya mkataba wa [[kocha]] wa kigeni Jack Stefanowski kutofanywa upya.<ref>[http://www.nepaligoal.com/anfa-has-appointed-kc-as-the-coach-of-national-team-with-big-hopes/ "ANFA has appointed KC as the coach of national team with big hopes…".] {{Wayback|url=http://www.nepaligoal.com/anfa-has-appointed-kc-as-the-coach-of-national-team-with-big-hopes/ |date=20251203104154 }} NepaliGoal.com. Retrieved 31 July 2015.</ref> == Kazi == Dhruba KC alianza kwa kuifundisha timu ya taifa ya mpira wa [[miguu]] ya Nepal katika [[Kombe]] la Dhahabu la Gavana wa All India huko Sikkim, India. Hata hivyo, kwa kuwa mashindano hayo hayakuwa mashindano rasmi ya kimataifa, FIFA haikutambua ushiriki wake kama kocha wa timu ya taifa. Dhruba KC pia aliifundisha Three Star Club mwaka 2005, ambapo timu yake ilifika nusu fainali ya Kombe la Rais la AFC la 2005, lakini ikapoteza kupitia mikwaju ya penalti. Pia aliifundisha timu ya taifa ya wanawake ya Nepal katika Mashindano ya kwanza ya SAFF ya Wanawake ya 2010 na baadaye katika Mashindano ya SAFF ya Wanawake ya 2012. Katika mashindano yote mawili, Nepal ilimaliza ikiwa [[mshindi]] wa pili baada ya India. Dhruba KC pia alitumia muda mfupi kama kocha mkuu wa Machhindra mwaka 2010.<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/mfcnepal/posts/10150095671320464 Dhruba KC is officially our new coach - Machhindra FC]</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo]] h6qwepi7an6l222uw5e3ddr848ornqe 0 252853 1606625 1604422 2026-10-09T22:15:11Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606625 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dipak Rai''' (''Kinepali'': दीपक राई), ambaye wakati mwingine huandikwa Deepak, ni mchezaji wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka Nepal, anayechezea Manang Marshyangdi Club kama [[mshambuliaji]]. == Kazi ya klabu == === Machhindra === Katika Kombe la Pokhara la 2012, katika mchezo dhidi ya Calcutta Post Trust, Rai alifunga mabao matatu katika mchezo mmoja na pia alitoa pasi ya bao kwa moja kati ya mabao mawili yaliyofungwa na Bishal Rai, katika ushindi wa mabao 6–0.<ref>[http://www.goalnepal.com/matchinfo.php?id=971 "Machhindra vs Calcutta Post Trust: Live Commentary".] {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} goalnepal.com. 6 November 2012. Retrieved 18 September 2014.</ref> === Manang Marshyangdi === Mwezi Machi 2013, Rai alijiunga na Manang Marshyangdi Club kwa ada ambayo haikutangazwa. Baada ya kufunga bao katika mchezo wake wa kwanza, Rai alisema kuwa Manang Marshyangdi ilikuwa timu yake ya ndoto. Alifunga bao katika dakika ya 32 katika ushindi wa mabao 12–0 dhidi ya Tushal Youth Club. Katika nusu fainali ya Kombe la Pokhara la 2013, Rai alifunga bao la kwanza katika [[ushindi]] wa mabao 2–1 dhidi ya Nepal Army Club. Manang Marshyangdi iliendelea kushinda mashindano hayo, na Rai akateuliwa kuwa mmoja wa wagombea wa tuzo ya Mchezaji Bora wa Mashindano. Kutokana na hilo, alipewa pikipiki na rupia 15,000. Katika hatua ya makundi ya Kombe la Rais la AFC la 2014, katika mchezo dhidi ya Svay Rieng, Rai alifunga mabao mawili katika ushindi wa mabao 6–3. Tarehe 16 Novemba 2014, Rai aliingia kama mchezaji wa akiba na kufunga bao la kufutia machozi katika kichapo cha mabao 2–1 dhidi ya Pune F.C. ya India katika mchezo wa Kombe la Mfalme wa Bhutan la 2014. Katika mchezo uliofuata, Rai alifunga bao la pili katika ushindi wa mabao 3–0 dhidi ya Assam Electricity FC. == Kazi ya kimataifa == Rai aliitwa katika timu ya taifa ya Nepal mwaka 2011, lakini kocha Graham Roberts alimtoa Rai pamoja na Bijaya Gurung kwa kutofika mazoezini. Rai alifanya mchezo wake wa kwanza wa kimataifa tarehe 19 Novemba katika [[mchezo]] dhidi ya India huko Siliguri, alipoingia kuchukua nafasi ya Anil Gurung katika dakika ya 50. Mwezi Machi 2014, Rai aliitwa katika timu ya taifa kwa ajili ya mchezo dhidi ya Yemen. Aliingia kuchukua nafasi ya Raju Tamang katika kichapo cha mabao 2–0. Mwezi Aprili 2014, Rai aliitwa katika timu ya taifa kwa ajili ya mchezo wa kirafiki dhidi ya Ufilipino. Alianza mchezo huo, ambao Nepal ilipoteza kwa mabao 3–0. == Maisha binafsi == Rai anatoka Pathari, Nepal. Mwezi Mei 2014, Rai alimheshimu mchezaji mwenzake wa [[mpira]] wa miguu kutoka Pathari, Jeewan Rai, katika hafla ambapo Dipak alimkabidhi vifaa vya michezo vilivyodhaminiwa na Uingereza.<ref>[http://www.goalnepal.com/news.php?id=20413 "Pathar: Nepal & MMC Striker Deepak Rai Honors Local Footballer Jeewan Rai".] {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} goalnepal.com. 24 May 2014. Retrieved 17 September 2014.</ref> == Mataji == === Manang Marshyangdi Club === * Ligi ya Martyr's Memorial ya Daraja A: 2013–14 4pthkfvegcky4g315l9namzf1dcp1lq 0 252917 1606653 1604688 2026-10-10T04:04:40Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606653 wikitext text/x-wiki [[file:Gab Bois.jpg |thumb|250px|Bois mwaka 2023.]] '''Gab Bois''' ni msanii wa [[Kanada]]. Huunda vitu kwa kutumia vifaa visivyo vya kawaida.<ref name="auto">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://elle.in/article/gab-bois/|title=In Conversation With Gab Bois—The Artist Behind The Stellar Communicative Photographs - Elle India}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://the-talks.com/interview/gab-bois/|title=Gab Bois|website=The Talks|date=9 March 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://flaunt.com/content/gab-bois | title=Q&A &#124; Gab Bois }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.coeval-magazine.com/coeval/gab-bois|title=Gab Bois - Coeval Magazine|website=COEVAL|date=21 April 2021 }}</ref><ref name="auto1">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.lofficiel.at/en/art-and-culture/gab-bois-interview|title=Interview with Artist Gab Bois: Talking about Instagram and her Art|website=www.lofficiel.at|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250522023731/https://www.lofficiel.at/en/art-and-culture/gab-bois-interview|archivedate=2025-05-22|accessdate=2026-10-05|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.sothebys.com/buy/f4d3ecb4-fab7-4859-a71b-ad2e4886a89b/lots/a6a6a799-49ec-4f36-900b-f78a18852da5|title=Gab Bois &#124; Boundless Space… The Possibilities of Burning Man &#124; 2021|website=Sotheby's}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.dwell.com/amp/article/gab-bois-artist-ceramic-cabbage-339bed3b|title=Artist Gab Bois's Vegetable-Shaped Catch Holds More Than Just Some Trinkets - Dwell|website=www.dwell.com}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD||}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kanada]] 2ytmtuatl1xdr3gstxmtc7fbhqtf7dx 0 253075 1606547 1604800 2026-10-09T13:55:23Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606547 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bhola Nath Silwal''' (''Kinepali'': भोला सिलवाल; alizaliwa 4 Januari 1987 huko Biratnagar, Nepal) ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Nepal]], anayechezea Klabu ya Polisi ya Nepal katika Ligi ya Martyr's Memorial ya [[Daraja]] A kama kiungo. Alifanya mchezo wake wa kwanza katika [[timu]] ya taifa ya mpira wa miguu ya Nepal wakati wa mchujo wa Kombe la Dunia la FIFA la 2014.<ref>[https://int.soccerway.com/players/bhola-nath-silwal/120412/ Bhola Silwal] at Soccerway</ref> == Kazi ya kimataifa == Silwal alifunga bao la kusawazisha kwa Nepal katika sare ya 1–1 dhidi ya [[Bangladesh]] tarehe 20 Septemba 2012.<ref>[http://www.goalnepal.com/news.php?id=24242 "Biratnagar: Nepal International Bhola Silwal Gets Engaged!".] {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} GoalNepal.com. 4 June 2015. Retrieved 27 June 2015.</ref> === Mabao ya kimataifa === {| class="wikitable" !Na. !Tarehe !Uwanja !Mpinzani !Alama !Matokeo !Mashindano |- |1 |20 Septemba 2012 |Uwanja wa Dasarath Rangasala, Kathmandu |Bangladesh |1–1 |1–1 |Mchezo wa kirafiki |} == Maisha binafsi == Tarehe 6 Juni 2015, Silwal alifunga ndoa na Elyaza Acharya. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1987]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo]] 3q6aq1mgsds74ppgavik2ho2azxwh1l 0 253185 1606670 1605440 2026-10-10T09:44:58Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606670 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sir Ian Stewart Forrester''' KC (amezaliwa [[1945]]) ni [[jaji]] wa zamani katika [[Mahakama]] Kuu ya Mahakama ya [[Haki]] ya [[Umoja wa Ulaya]] (CJEU)<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Curriculum Vitae|url=https://ianstewartforrester.com/about/|work=Sir Ian Forrester, KC|date=2020-09-24|accessdate=2026-10-06|language=en-GB}}</ref>. Alihudumu katika nafasi hiyo kuanzia tarehe [[7 Oktoba]] [[2015]] hadi [[31 Januari]] [[2020]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Ian Stewart Forrester|url=https://curia.europa.eu/jcms/jcms/rc4_170831/en/|work=CURIA|accessdate=2026-10-06|language=en}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>. Alitunukiwa [[cheo]] cha Knight katika orodha ya [[Heshima]] za Mwaka Mpya ya mwaka [[2026]] kwa huduma zake katika [[Sheria]] ya Kimataifa<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Notes on higher level awards in the New Year Honours 2026 Overseas and International List|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/new-year-honours-2026-overseas-and-international-list/notes-on-higher-level-awards-in-the-new-year-honours-2026-overseas-and-international-list|work=GOV.UK|accessdate=2026-10-06|language=en}}</ref>. == Elimu == Ian Forrester alisoma katika University of [[Glasgow]], [[Scotland]], kuanzia mwaka [[1962]] hadi [[1967]]. Alihitimu [[shahada]] ya Master of Arts katika Historia na [[Fasihi]] ya [[Kiingereza]] pamoja na Shahada ya [[Sheria]]. Baadaye, mwaka 1969, alipata Master of Civil Law kutoka Tulane University, [[Louisiana]], [[New Orleans]]. == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1945]] [[Jamii:Majaji]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Uingereza]] k9m5u94n1vzdb97pb9a8pmtcx869sdu 0 253346 1606622 1605418 2026-10-09T21:46:20Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606622 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dev Raj Joshi''' (''Kinepali'': देवराज जोशी) ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Nepal, ambaye ni mwanachama wa [[Chama]] cha Kongamano la Nepal. Tarehe 9 Novemba 2021, aliteuliwa kuwa Gavana kwa mujibu wa Ibara ya 163(2) ya Katiba ya Nepal na Rais Bidya Devi Bhandari, kwa pendekezo la Baraza la Mawaziri la Serikali ya Nepal.<ref>[https://ekantipur.com/news/2021/11/09/163644998789374675.html "प्रदेश १, कर्णाली र सुदूरपश्चिमका प्रदेश प्रमुख फेरिए".] ekantipur.com (in Nepali). Retrieved 2021-11-09.</ref><ref>[https://english.makalukhabar.com/2021/11/30263/ "State chiefs Khapung, Pariyar and Joshi took oath".] {{Wayback|url=https://english.makalukhabar.com/2021/11/30263/ |date=20211116065415 }} English.MakaluKhabar.com. Retrieved 2021-11-16.</ref> Katika uchaguzi wa Bunge Maalumu la Katiba wa mwaka 2008, alichaguliwa kutoka [[Jimbo]] la Bajura-1, baada ya kupata kura 19,271. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Nepal]] bk4us4i4rsx0dzg4hhofuh016hsslev 0 253371 1606572 1605552 2026-10-09T14:14:32Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606572 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bina Magar''' (''Kinepali'': विना मगर) ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Nepal. Alikuwa Waziri wa Ugavi wa Maji wa Nepal kuanzia tarehe 16 Machi 2018 hadi 20 Desemba 2020.<ref>[http://mowss.gov.np/ "Ministry of Water Supply".] {{Wayback|url=http://mowss.gov.np/ |date=20180812171640 }} Ministry of Water Supply. Retrieved 17 August 2018.</ref> Alikuwa kiongozi wa Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Nepal. Magar ni mkwe wa kike wa zamani wa Waziri Mkuu Pushpa Kamal Dahal na alikuwa mke wa tatu wa mwanawe pekee, Prakash Dahal, ambaye alifariki kutokana na mshtuko wa ghafla wa [[moyo]] mwezi Novemba 2017. Katika uchaguzi mkuu wa Nepal wa mwaka 2026, Magar alishindwa na Janak Singh Dhami wa [[Chama]] cha Rastriya Swatantra.<ref>[http://english.ratopati.com/story/52391/kanchanpur-1-janak-dhami-of-the-rashtriya-swayamsevak-sangh-rss-is-ahead-by-7000-votes-over-bina-magar "CPN Candidate Bina Magar Trails in Kanchanpur Constituency-1 Vote Count".] english.ratopati.com (in Nepali). Retrieved 24 April 2026.</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1983]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Nepal]] 0ebkwaql59nl5a90mcnpsny2zxiuns5 0 253384 1606624 1605568 2026-10-09T21:59:29Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606624 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Divyashwori Shah''' (''Kinepali'': दिव्यश्वरी शाह) ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Nepal na mwanachama wa [[Chama]] cha Kongamano la Nepal. Anatoka Dhangadhi-2, Ratopool, Kailali, Mkoa wa Sudurpashchim. Pia anahudumu kama mjumbe wa [[Bunge]] la Mkoa wa Sudurpashchim.<ref>[http://pga.sudurpashchim.gov.np/honorable "माननीयहरुको विवरण | प्रदेश सभा".] {{Wayback|url=http://pga.sudurpashchim.gov.np/honorable |date=20211130001258 }} pga.sudurpashchim.gov.np. Retrieved 2021-12-12.</ref> Shah aligombea nafasi ya Naibu Rais wa Chama cha Kongamano la [[Nepal]] katika mkutano mkuu wa 14 wa Chama cha Kongamano la Nepal, akiwa katika jopo la Bimalendra Nidhi.<ref>Setopati, सेतोपाटी संवाददाता[https://www.setopati.com/mahadebeshan-bishesh/congres/256631/ . "यी हुन् कांग्रेस सभापतिदेखि केन्द्रीय सदस्यसम्मका उम्मेदवार (सूचीसहित)".] Setopati (in Hindi). Retrieved 2021-12-12.</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2000]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Nepal]] 57aa76qks1hxx9yvp64uhzup4a82mbj 0 253385 1606659 1605569 2026-10-10T05:32:42Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606659 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gobinda Bahadur Shah''' (''Kinepali'': गोविन्द बहादुर शाह) ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Nepal. Alichaguliwa kuwa mjumbe wa Baraza la Wawakilishi katika [[uchaguzi]] wa mwaka 1999, akiwakilisha Chama cha Kongamano la Nepal.<ref>[http://www.election-commission.org.np/toptwo.php Election Commission of Nepal] {{Wayback|url=http://www.election-commission.org.np/toptwo.php |date=20080124110554 }} Archived October 12, 2006, at the Wayback Machine</ref> Shah alikuwa mgombea wa Chama cha Kongamano la Nepal katika Jimbo la Achham-1 katika uchaguzi wa [[Bunge]] Maalumu la Katiba la mwaka 2008. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Nepal]] oab2kgq95byza80a4e2g24tppzkki0w 0 253463 1606637 1605680 2026-10-09T23:39:03Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606637 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Edith Grace Coombs''' ([[1890]] – [[1986]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] na mwelimishaji wa [[Kanada]]. == Kazi == Coombs alizaliwa huko Hamilton, [[Ontario]] na baadaye alihamia [[St. Catharines]] pamoja na familia yake.<ref name=chin>{{cite web |url=http://www.museevirtuel.ca/edu/ViewLoitDa.do?method=preview&lang=EN&id=13673 |title=Edith Grace Coombs |work=Canadian Landscape Painters (1860 – 1940) |publisher=Canadian Heritage Information Network}}</ref><ref name=cwahi>{{cite web |url=http://cwahi.concordia.ca/sources/artists/displayArtist.php?ID_artist=22 |title=Coombs, Edith Grace |work=Canadian Women Artists History Initiative}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.heffel.com/online/Details_E.aspx?ID=69219 |title=Edith Grace Coombs |publisher=Heffel |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170325203531/https://www.heffel.com/online/Details_E.aspx?ID=69219 |archivedate=2017-03-25 |accessdate=2026-10-07 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1890|1986}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kanada]] ove30mwo9wbppdbdpyro63g31knlmwb 0 253468 1606646 1605779 2026-10-10T01:28:29Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606646 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Esmaa Mohamoud,''' anayejulikana pia kama "E," (amezaliwa [[25 Novemba]], [[1992]]) ni [[mchongaji]] wa [[Mwafrika]]-[[Kanada]] na msanii wa usakinishaji aliyekulia huko [[London, Ontario]], na kwa sasa anafanya kazi za kisanaa huko [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]].<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://georgiascherman.com/GSP%202018%20Exhibitions/Esmaa_Mohamoud_ELEMENT/ELEMENT_MAINPAGE.html|title=Georgia Scherman Projects|website=georgiascherman.com|access-date=2019-06-15}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.rom.on.ca/en/exhibitions-galleries/exhibitions/here-we-are-here-black-canadian-contemporary-art|title=Here We Are Here: Black Canadian Contemporary Art|website=Royal Ontario Museum|language=en|access-date=2019-06-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122021704/https://www.rom.on.ca/en/exhibitions-galleries/exhibitions/here-we-are-here-black-canadian-contemporary-art|archivedate=2023-01-22|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://mcgill.ca/aapr/aapr-people/mohamoud|title=Esmaa Mohamoud|website=Arts Against PostRacialism|language=en|access-date=2019-06-15}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1992|}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kanada]] rl21801b8erlrmeh5sx4w6rbhhljopg 0 253482 1606642 1605774 2026-10-10T00:16:21Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606642 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elizabeth McIntosh''' (amezaliwa mwaka [[1967]], Simcoe, [[Ontario]]) ni [[mchoraji]] wa [[Kanada]]. Kazi zake zinachunguza abstrakti ya kijiometri. Kazi zake zimo katika mkusanyo wa kudumu wa Jumba la Kitaifa la Sanaa la Kanada.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.gallery.ca/en/see/collections/artist.php?iartistid=43435|title=Elizabeth McIntosh|website=www.gallery.ca|access-date=2016-03-12}}</ref><ref name=":0"/><ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.ago.net/works-by-three-female-canadian-artists-to-join-ago-collection|title=Works by three female Canadian artists to join AGO collection {{!}} AGO Art Gallery of Ontario|website=www.ago.net|access-date=2016-03-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170205144604/https://www.ago.net/works-by-three-female-canadian-artists-to-join-ago-collection|archivedate=2017-02-05|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1967|}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kanada]] tbhve8lwk3rlbxu87y3scaybig6rt0u 0 253515 1606645 1605745 2026-10-10T01:21:11Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606645 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ermindo Ángel Onega''' ( [[30 Aprili]] [[1940]] – [[21 Desemba]] [[1979]]) alikuwa mchezaji wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Argentina]]. Alizaliwa Las Parejas, Santa Fe, Argentina. Alicheza kama kiungo wa kushambulia. Alichezea klabu kama River Plate, Peñarol, Vélez Sársfield, na Deportes La Serena. Aliwakilisha Argentina katika [[Kombe la Dunia la FIFA]] la [[1966]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://futbolfactory.futbolweb.net/index.php?ff=historicos&f2=00001&idjugador=491 |title=Futbol Factory profile |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020025402/http://futbolfactory.futbolweb.net/index.php?ff=historicos&f2=00001&idjugador=491 |archivedate=2007-10-20 |accessdate=2026-10-07 |url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1940]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1979]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Argentina]] [[Jamii:Wanaume wa Argentina]] qsh3dfmpyxfgnboh5bnut5i3m2i418l 1606660 1606645 2026-10-10T05:48:47Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1606660 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ermindo Ángel Onega''' ( [[30 Aprili]] [[1940]] – [[21 Desemba]] [[1979]]) alikuwa mchezaji wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Argentina]]. Alizaliwa Las Parejas, Santa Fe, Argentina. Alicheza kama kiungo wa kushambulia. Alichezea klabu kama River Plate, Peñarol, Vélez Sársfield, na Deportes La Serena. Aliwakilisha Argentina katika [[Kombe la Dunia la FIFA]] la [[1966]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://futbolfactory.futbolweb.net/index.php?ff=historicos&f2=00001&idjugador=491 |title=Futbol Factory profile |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020025402/http://futbolfactory.futbolweb.net/index.php?ff=historicos&f2=00001&idjugador=491 |archivedate=2007-10-20 |accessdate=2026-10-07 |url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1940]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1979]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Argentina]] [[Jamii:Wanaume wa Argentina]] s8774d4mi77no40xhnr6itggebeoxsk 0 253590 1606654 1605913 2026-10-10T04:22:22Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606654 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ganesh Singh Thagunna''' (alizaliwa 7 Desemba 1968) ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Nepal na aliyewahi kuwa [[Waziri]] wa Masuala ya Shirikisho na Utawala Mkuu. Yeye ni mjumbe wa Baraza la Wawakilishi la Bunge la Shirikisho la Nepal.<ref>[http://election2013.ujyaaloonline.com/candidates/428/Ganesh-Singh-Thagunna/ "Ganesh Singh Thagunna".] {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} election2013.ujyaaloonline.com. Retrieved 12 August 2019.</ref> Hapo awali, alichaguliwa kuwa mjumbe wa [[Bunge]] Maalumu la Katiba la Pili la Nepal katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 2013. Ni mwanachama wa muda mrefu wa Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Nepal (Umoja wa Kimaksi–Kileninisti).<ref>[https://kathmandupost.com/national/2018/04/06/prime-minister-oli-off-to-india-for-state-visit "Prime Minister Oli off to India for state visit"]. kathmandupost.com. Retrieved 12 August 2019.</ref> Anatoka Wilaya ya Darchula, ambako alishinda uchaguzi wa mwaka 2013 na [[uchaguzi]] wa mwaka 2017 katika Jimbo la Darchula-1. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1968]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Nepal]] rs25q13x5b8910iugq81qmb29r3ms6y 0 253601 1606643 1605940 2026-10-10T00:30:07Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606643 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elson Viney-Bartel Brechtefeld''' (alizaliwa 2 Machi 1994) ni mnyanyua uzito kutoka Nauru ambaye alishinda [[medali]] ya shaba katika kitengo cha kilo 69 kwenye Michezo Midogo ya Pasifiki ya 2013. Mwaka uliofuata, alishuka hadi kitengo cha kilo 62 na kumaliza katika nafasi ya 13 kwenye [[Michezo]] ya Jumuiya ya Madola ya 2014. Baadaye alishiriki katika kitengo cha kilo 56 na kufuzu kwa Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Majira ya Joto ya 2016.<ref>[https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/elson-brechtefeld Elson Brechtefeld] {{Wayback|url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/elson-brechtefeld |date=20160806065647 }} Archived 2016-08-06 at the Wayback Machine. rio2016.com</ref> Katika Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Majira ya [[Joto]] ya 2016 iliyofanyika Rio de Janeiro, alimaliza katika nafasi ya 15 katika kitengo cha kilo 56. Alikuwa mbeba bendera wa Nauru wakati wa Gwaride la Mataifa katika Michezo hiyo ya Olimpiki.<ref>[https://www.olympic.org/news/the-flagbearers-for-the-rio-2016-opening-ceremony "The Flagbearers for the Rio 2016 Opening Ceremony".] 2016-08-16. Retrieved 2016-08-27.</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1994]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo]] mc44ytn19hdztils61flmcss4j2wyx1 0 253605 1606716 1605944 2026-10-10T11:10:40Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 1606716 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Itte Junior Ronson Detenamo''' (alizaliwa 22 Septemba 1986 huko Buada) ni mnyanyua [[uzito]] kutoka Nauru, anayeshindana katika kitengo cha zaidi ya kilo 105. Detenamo aliiwakilisha Nauru katika Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Majira ya Joto ya 2004 huko Athens, na kumaliza katika nafasi ya 14 katika kitengo cha wanaume cha zaidi ya kilo 105. Alishinda medali ya shaba katika Michezo ya Jumuiya ya Madola ya 2006, pamoja na medali tatu za dhahabu katika Michezo ya Pasifiki ya Kusini ya 2007. Alikuwa mwakilishi pekee wa Nauru katika [[Michezo]] ya Olimpiki ya Majira ya Joto ya 2008 huko Beijing. Aliweka rekodi yake binafsi kwa kunyanyua jumla ya kilo 386 katika kitengo cha uzani mzito zaidi.<ref>[http://www.freshnews.in/nauru-to-send-one-athlete-to-beijing-olympics-34792 "Nauru to send one athlete to Beijing Olympics",] {{Wayback|url=http://www.freshnews.in/nauru-to-send-one-athlete-to-beijing-olympics-34792 |date=20180929041116 }} Indo-Asian News Service, 22 July 2008</ref> Pia alishiriki katika Michezo ya Jumuiya ya Madola ya 2010, ambapo alishinda [[medali]] ya fedha. Alishiriki pia katika Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Majira ya Joto ya 2012, na kumaliza katika nafasi ya 14. Katika Michezo ya Jumuiya ya Madola ya 2014, alikuwa mbeba bendera wa Nauru. Baba yake Detenamo na dada yake mkubwa pia ni wanyanyua uzito, kama walivyo wanafamilia wengine. [[Baba]] yake ndiye aliyemtambulisha katika mchezo huo, ambao alianza kuufanya akiwa na umri wa miaka 10.<ref>[http://g2014results.thecgf.com/athlete/weightlifting/1017588/itte_detenamo.html "Glasgow 2014 - Itte Detenamo Profile".] {{Wayback|url=http://g2014results.thecgf.com/athlete/weightlifting/1017588/itte_detenamo.html |date=20160530104434 }} g2014results.thecgf.com. Retrieved 28 April 2016.</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1986]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo]] fza48trdch4uucf30jww5bb3b5g929r 0 253768 1606548 1606242 2026-10-09T13:56:36Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1606548 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Agustín Díaz''' (alizaliwa [[6 Juni]] [[1954]]), anayejulikana kama '''Augie Diaz''', ni [[mwanamichezo]] wa [[Marekani]] katika mchezo wa usafiri wa mashua na mshindani wa kiwango cha [[dunia]] katika madaraja ya Snipe, Star na Laser. Ni mtoto wa Gonzalo Diaz, ambaye alishiriki kuiwakilisha Cuba katika Michezo ya Pan American ya mwaka 1959. Alianza kutumia mashua za Optimist akiwa na umri wa miaka minane huko [[Clearwater, Florida|Clearwater]], [[Florida]]. Mwaka 1973, alishinda ubingwa wa dunia wa vijana wa IYRU wa mashua za mtu mmoja katika daraja la Laser. Baada ya kuhitimu kutoka Christopher Columbus High School huko Miami mwaka 1972, Diaz alishiriki katika mashindano ya mashua kwa niaba ya Tulane University, ambako alisomea uhandisi wa mitambo. Alikuwa mchezaji wa kiwango cha All-American katika timu ya mashua ya Tulane Green Wave mwaka 1973, 1974 na 1975. Mwaka 1973 alishinda ICSA Coed Dinghy National Championship na mwaka 1974 alishinda ICSA Men's Singlehanded National Championship, huku akiiongoza timu kushinda Leonard M. Fowle Trophy mwaka huo huo. Pia mwaka 1974 alichaguliwa kuwa Mwanamichezo wa Mashua wa Chuo wa Mwaka wa ICSA. Alipokea [[Tuzo]] ya Mwanamichezo wa Mashua wa Marekani wa Mwaka mwaka 2003, na aliingizwa katika National Sailing Hall of Fame mwaka 2021. Amekuwa bingwa wa dunia wa Snipe mwaka 2003 na 2005, na bingwa wa dunia wa Star mwaka 2016. Katika daraja la Snipe, pia alikuwa bingwa wa dunia wa masters mwaka 2002, 2004, 2006 na 2012. Alikuwa bingwa wa Western Hemisphere & Orient mwaka 1972, 2002 na 2021. Alikuwa bingwa wa Amerika Kaskazini mwaka 1974, 2004, 2006, 2007, 2008 na 2013. Pia alikuwa bingwa wa kitaifa wa Marekani mwaka 1974, 1980, 2001, 2002, 2006, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2018 na 2025. Ameshinda [[medali]] ya fedha katika mashindano ya Snipe kwenye Michezo ya Pan American ya mwaka 1971, medali ya fedha katika Snipe kwenye Michezo ya Pan American ya mwaka 2011, na medali ya shaba kwenye Michezo ya Pan American ya mwaka 2015. == Michezo ya Pan American == * Medali ya fedha katika Snipe kwenye Michezo ya Pan American ya Colombia 1971. * Medali ya fedha katika Snipe kwenye Michezo ya Pan American ya Guadalajara 2011. * Medali ya shaba katika Snipe kwenye Michezo ya Pan American ya Toronto 2015. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Marekani]] f9k2310jyd9rnjuphxzpoar93qwh7fk 0 253769 1606550 1606243 2026-10-09T13:57:09Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Marejeo */ 1606550 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Claiborne P. Deming''' ni [[mwanasheria]], mtendaji wa [[biashara]] na mfadhili wa [[Marekani]]. Alihudumu kama [[rais]] na mkurugenzi mtendaji wa Murphy Oil kuanzia mwaka 1994 hadi 2008. Tangu mwaka 2008, amekuwa mwenyekiti wa kampuni hiyo. Pia ni mshauri mwandamizi wa TPH Partners, kampuni ya uwekezaji binafsi inayojikita katika sekta ya nishati. Kama mfadhili, ameunga mkono shule za umma huko [[Arkansas]] na vyuo vikuu binafsi katika kusini mwa Marekani. == Maisha ya awali == Claiborne P. Deming alihitimu kutoka Tulane University, ambako alipata shahada ya Bachelor of Arts mwaka 1976. Alipata [[Shahada ya Awali|shahada]] ya Juris Doctor kutoka Tulane University Law School mwaka 1979. == Kazi == Deming alianza kufanya kazi kama mwanasheria katika Murphy Oil mwaka 1979. Miaka kumi baadaye, mwaka 1989, alipandishwa cheo na kuwa rais wa Murphy Oil USA, kampuni tanzu ya Murphy Oil nchini Marekani. Baadaye alihudumu kama rais wa Murphy Oil USA na makamu wa rais mtendaji pamoja na mkurugenzi mkuu wa uendeshaji wa Murphy Oil USA. Alihudumu kama mkurugenzi mtendaji na rais wa Murphy Oil kuanzia Oktoba 1994 hadi 31 Desemba 2008. Mwaka 2008, alipokea malipo ya jumla ya dola za Marekani 8,383,411, ambayo yalijumuisha mshahara wa msingi wa dola 1,241,667, bonasi ya fedha ya dola 2,000,000, hisa alizopewa zenye thamani ya dola 2,675,025 na chaguo za hisa zenye thamani ya dola 2,211,250. Amekuwa mwanachama wa bodi ya wakurugenzi ya kampuni hiyo tangu mwaka 1993. Deming ni mwenyekiti wa Murphy Oil. Pia ni mshauri mwandamizi wa TPH Partners, kampuni ya uwekezaji binafsi inayojikita katika sekta ya nishati. Deming alikuwa mwanachama wa bodi ya wakurugenzi ya Entergy kuanzia mwaka 2002 hadi 2006. Alihudumu kama rais wa 25-Year Club of the Petroleum Industry. Pia ni mwenyekiti wa National Petroleum Council. == Uhisani == Deming aliwahi kuwa rais wa El Dorado Education Foundation. Alikuwa mwanachama wa Arkansas State Board of Education kuanzia Septemba 1999 hadi Juni 2002. Deming ni mwanachama wa Tulane Law School Dean's Advisory Board na mwanachama wa Business School Council ya A. B. Freeman School of Business katika Tulane University. Pia ni mwanachama wa bodi ya wakurugenzi ya Jefferson Scholarship katika University of Virginia. Aidha, ni mwanachama wa Board of Trust ya Vanderbilt University. Kufikia mwaka 2015, alikuwa miongoni mwa wafadhili wakubwa wa chuo hicho, akiwa ametoa dola za Marekani 25,000 au zaidi. Deming na mke wake wametoa dola za Marekani 10,000 kwa Aspen Institute. == Maisha binafsi == Akiwa pamoja na mke wake Elaine, anaishi [[Eldorado, Zimbabwe|El Dorado]], [[Arkansas]]. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] efph19gis57wqyu17cu9t0b5ge610wf 0 253771 1606551 1606246 2026-10-09T13:58:27Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1606551 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hilton A. Dickson Jr.''' (20 Februari [[1924]] – 20 Juni [[1985]]) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Marekani]]. Alihudumu kama [[Mwanasheria]] Mkuu wa [[New Mexico]] kuanzia mwaka 1959 hadi 1960. == Maisha na kazi == Dickson alisoma katika Tulane University. Alihudumu kama Mwanasheria Mkuu wa New Mexico kuanzia mwaka 1959 hadi 1960. Alifariki tarehe 20 Juni 1985 akiwa na umri wa miaka 61. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1924|1985}} [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Marekani]] 1xhgo9wn2npc527t6tjparkr4a15h52 0 253772 1606552 1606247 2026-10-09T13:59:08Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1606552 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jimmy N. Dimos''' (18 Oktoba [[1938]] – 18 Mei [[2023]]) alikuwa [[jaji]] na [[mwanasiasa]] wa Marekani aliyezaliwa [[Yugoslavia]] na kufanya shughuli zake za kisiasa huko [[Louisiana]]. Alihamia kutoka Jamhuri ya Kisoshalisti ya [[Masedonia Kaskazini|Macedonia]], iliyokuwa sehemu ya Jamhuri ya Shirikisho la Kisoshalisti la Yugoslavia, ambayo leo ni Macedonia Kaskazini, akiwa mtoto mwaka 1951 na kuungana na baba yake nchini Marekani. Alilelewa akiwa mwanachama wa Kanisa la Orthodox la Mashariki. Alihitimu kutoka Neville High School huko [[Monroe, Louisiana|Monroe]], Louisiana. Alisoma katika University of Louisiana at Monroe na Tulane University. Dimos alihudumu katika Baraza la Wawakilishi la Louisiana kuanzia mwaka 1976 hadi 1999. Aliwakilisha Ouachita Parish. Wakati wa utawala wa gavana Buddy Roemer, Dimos alikuwa spika wa baraza hilo. Alihudumu kama jaji wa Mahakama ya Wilaya ya Nne ya Kijaji ya Louisiana kuanzia mwaka 1999 hadi 2007. Mwaka 2017, Dimos aliingizwa katika Louisiana Political Museum and Hall of Fame na Louisiana Justice Hall of Fame. Dimos alifariki tarehe 18 Mei 2023 akiwa na umri wa miaka 84. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1938|2023}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Majaji]] pzubz9xvk2a0f6tfh9sftaoonxmdee0 0 253777 1606553 1606257 2026-10-09T14:00:39Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1606553 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adam R. Dell''' (alizaliwa [[Houston, Texas]], [[14 Januari]] [[1970]]) ni mwekezaji wa mitaji ya ubia kutoka [[Marekani]] na kaka wa Michael Dell, mwanzilishi wa kampuni ya kutengeneza [[kompyuta]] Dell Inc. == Maisha ya awali na binafsi == Dell alipata shahada ya BA katika uchumi wa kisiasa kutoka Tulane University na shahada ya JD kutoka Texas Law. Kaka yake mkubwa, Michael Dell, ni mwanzilishi wa kampuni ya [[teknolojia]] ya Dell. Mwaka 2010, alizaa mtoto wa kike pamoja na mwanamitindo na mwigizaji Padma Lakshmi. == Kazi == Alianza kazi yake akiwa [[mwanasheria]] wa kampuni katika Winstead Sechrest & Minick, huko Austin, [[Texas]], kabla ya kujiunga na kampuni ya mitaji ya ubia Enterprise Partners huko La Jolla, [[California]]. Baadaye alijiunga na Crosspoint Venture Partners huko Woodside, California, ambako alikua mshirika mwaka 1999. Mwaka 2000 alianzisha Impact Venture Partners, kampuni ya mitaji ya ubia ya hatua za awali yenye thamani ya dola milioni 100, huko [[New York]] City. Dell alijiunga na Austin Ventures kama mshirika wa mitaji ya ubia mwaka 2009. Mwaka 2018 alijiunga na Goldman Sachs kama mshirika. Katika kipindi cha kazi yake, Dell aliwekeza katika kampuni nyingi za teknolojia kama vile Hotjobs.com, ambayo ilinunuliwa na Yahoo! mwaka 2002, Ingenio, ambayo ilinunuliwa na AT&T mwaka 2007, na OpenTable. Dell alianzisha kampuni sita, zikiwemo Clarity Money, ambayo ilinunuliwa na Goldman Sachs mwaka 2018, Civitas Learning, Buzzsaw.com, ambayo ilinunuliwa na Autodesk mwaka 2002, na MessageOne, ambayo ilinunuliwa na Dell mwaka 2008, pamoja na Domain Money, kampuni ya ushauri wa kifedha. Dell alikuwa [[profesa]] msaidizi katika Columbia Business School, akifundisha biashara, teknolojia na ubunifu. Pia ni profesa mgeni katika Texas Law, ambako anafundisha somo kuhusu nafasi ya sheria katika ubunifu. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1970|}} [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:wajasiriamali wa Marekani]] ipv9ir0o9wb47ggug6w2n3x0i0x14ws 0 253778 1606554 1606260 2026-10-09T14:01:10Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1606554 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aline M. Betancourt''' ni [[mwanakemia]] wa viumbe kutoka [[Marekani]], [[profesa]] mshiriki wa tiba na [[mikrobiolojia]] katika Tulane University. Betancourt anafanya utafiti wa kutengeneza tiba zinazotumia seli shina za mesenchymal (MSC), na ndiye afisa mkuu wa sayansi na mwanzilishi wa kampuni mbili zinazolenga kutengeneza bidhaa za kitabibu kwa kutumia teknolojia hiyo. == Elimu == Alipata shahada ya B.S. katika biokemia kutoka Tulane University, shahada ya Ph.D. katika mikrobiolojia kutoka Georgetown University, na kukamilisha mafunzo ya baada ya udaktari katika National Institutes of Health na National Cancer Institute. Alijiunga na kitivo cha Tulane University mwaka 1997. Kwa zaidi ya miongo miwili amefanya kazi kuhusu seli shina za mesenchymal. == Utafiti == Utafiti wa Betancourt unalenga mazingira ya uvimbe, ikiwa ni pamoja na mifumo yake ya kuhisi oksijeni, jeni zinazodhibiti njia za oksijeni, protini zinazofungamana na RNA, na uundaji wa mishipa mipya ya damu. Uundaji wa mishipa mipya ya damu katika uvimbe hutegemea uwiano kati ya sababu zinazochochea uundaji wa mishipa zinazotegemea uvimbe, kama vile VEGF. Kwa kutumia utegemezi huo wa seli za uvimbe zinazokua, amefanya kazi ya kuchochea ukosefu wa oksijeni na kudhibiti mchakato huu wa kawaida wa kifiziolojia. Machapisho yake yaliyonukuliwa zaidi ni: * Waterman RS, Tomchuck SL, Henkle SL, Betancourt AM. ''A new mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) paradigm: polarization into a pro-inflammatory MSC1 or an Immunosuppressive MSC2 phenotype.'' PLOS ONE. 26 Aprili 2010, 5(4):e10088. Kwa mujibu wa Google Scholar, makala hii imenukuliwa mara 930. * Bonvillain RW, Danchuk S, Sullivan DE, Betancourt AM, Semon JA, Eagle ME, Mayeux JP, Gregory AN, Wang G, Townley IK, Borg ZD. ''A nonhuman primate model of lung regeneration: detergent-mediated decellularization and initial in vitro recellularization with mesenchymal stem cells.'' Tissue Engineering Part A. 1 Desemba 2012, 18(23–24):2437–2452. Kwa mujibu wa Google Scholar, makala hii imenukuliwa mara 157. * Waterman RS, Henkle SL, Betancourt AM. ''Mesenchymal stem cell 1 (MSC1)-based therapy attenuates tumor growth whereas MSC2-treatment promotes tumor growth and metastasis.'' PLOS ONE. 20 Septemba 2012, 7(9):e45590. Kwa mujibu wa Google Scholar, makala hii imenukuliwa mara 157. == Biashara na matumizi ya teknolojia == Betancourt alikuwa mwanzilishi wa Commence Bio. Kampuni hiyo ilianzishwa mwaka 2010 kwa jina la WibiWorks Therapeutics, Inc., na jina likabadilishwa kuwa Commence Bio mwaka 2016. Kampuni hiyo inalenga kutengeneza tiba za saratani na magonjwa ya uchochezi kwa kutumia seli shina za mesenchymal. Kazi yao ililenga kuanzisha upya mfumo wa kinga wa wagonjwa kwa kutumia MSC1 na MSC2. Alifanya kazi pamoja na timu ya utafiti iliyojumuisha Ruth S. Waterman kutengeneza teknolojia ya umiliki ya Stimulated Toll-like Receptor Technology (STaRT), ambayo hupanga MSC kufanya kazi ya kupambana na uvimbe (MSC1) au kupunguza uchochezi (MSC2). Teknolojia hii hutumia Toll-like Receptors (TLR), ambazo ni molekuli zinazotokea kwa kawaida na kutumiwa na mfumo wa kinga wa asili wa mwili kutambua na kuitikia vijidudu vinavyovamia mwili. STaRT huchochea TLR3 kuzalisha seli za MSC2 na TLR4 kuzalisha seli za MSC1. Jukwaa hili linalenga kutumika katika matibabu ya saratani na magonjwa ya uchochezi. Bidhaa hiyo bado iko katika hatua za kabla ya majaribio ya kitabibu. Betancourt pia ni mwanzilishi wa VITAbolus, iliyoanzishwa mwaka 2018 huko San Diego. Kampuni hiyo inalenga kufanya matibabu kwa seli shina yapatikane kwa urahisi kupitia vidonge vya seli shina, ambapo seli shina za kupunguza uchochezi hupelekwa moja kwa moja kwenye utumbo mdogo na utumbo mpana ndani ya kapsuli zinazolindwa. Mradi wao wa sasa unalenga kutengeneza kidonge cha kwanza cha seli shina kinachotumiwa kwa njia ya mdomo kwa ajili ya ugonjwa wa Crohn. Kwa sasa teknolojia hiyo bado iko katika hatua ya kabla ya majaribio ya kitabibu. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mwanasayansi}} [[Jamii:Wanakemia wa Marekani]] 8qln00domd1i2rwih8uyk4shu09wpt2 0 253780 1606555 1606262 2026-10-09T14:01:58Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1606555 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Leon Bernard''' alikuwa [[mwanahistoria]] wa [[Marekani]] aliyebobea katika historia ya [[Ufaransa]]. Alikuwa [[profesa]] katika University of Notre Dame na mwanzilishi wa jarida ''The History Teacher''. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Bernard alipata shahada yake ya kwanza ya chuo kikuu kutoka Tulane University mwaka 1938. Baadaye alipata shahada za uzamili katika University of North [[Carolina Kusini|Carolina]] at Chapel Hill mwaka 1947 na 1950. == Kazi ya kitaaluma == Bernard alifundisha katika John Carroll University kwa mwaka mmoja kuanzia mwaka 1949. Alijiunga na University of Notre Dame mwaka 1950 na baadaye akawa profesa kamili. Alibaki katika chuo hicho kwa miaka 40. Mwaka 1967, Bernard alianzisha jarida la kitaaluma linalopitiwa na wataalamu, ''The History Teacher'', na alihudumu kama mhariri wake hadi ofisi ya uhariri ilipohamishwa kwenda California State University, Long Beach mwaka 1972. Pia alipitia miswada kuhusu historia ya Ufaransa kwa ajili ya Macmillan na University of Notre Dame Press. == Machapisho == Katika kipindi chake katika University of Notre Dame, Bernard alibobea na kuchapisha kazi kadhaa kuhusu Ufaransa ya karne ya 17, Mapinduzi ya Ufaransa na Enzi ya Napoleon. Bernard alipokea [[Tuzo]] ya Koren kutoka Society for French Historical Studies kwa makala yake ''French Society and Popular Uprisings Under Louis XIV'', iliyochapishwa mwaka 1964. Mwaka 1972, Bernard alichapisha monografia ''The Emerging City'', iliyochapishwa na Duke University Press, ambayo ilichunguza Paris katika karne ya 17. Pia alitajwa katika ''Dictionary of American Scholars''. == Maisha binafsi == Bernard alifariki tarehe [[9 Mei]] [[1989]]. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|karne ya 20|1989}} [[Jamii:Wanahistoria wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Maprofesa]] 2h93cipdclicflmsn0lqhlkra1lkkyg 0 253781 1606556 1606263 2026-10-09T14:03:22Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Marejeo */ 1606556 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jessica J. Bian''' (pia amechapisha kazi zake kwa jina Jinhua Bian) ni mtendaji wa sekta ya [[nishati]] mwenye asili ya [[China]] na [[Marekani]], na aliyewahi kuwa [[rais]] wa IEEE Power & Energy Society. == Elimu na kazi == Bian ni binti wa wahandisi wawili wa mifumo ya umeme. Alisoma uhandisi wa umeme katika Taiyuan University of Technology na kupata [[Shahada ya Awali|shahada]] ya kwanza mwaka 1985. Baada ya kupata shahada ya uzamili mwaka 1988 kupitia China Electric Power Research Institute, alikamilisha shahada yake ya Ph.D. katika Tulane University mwaka 1992. Tasnifu yake, ''Modal analysis of large-scale power systems' voltage stability and voltage collapse'', ilisimamiwa na Parviz Rastgoufard. Amefanya kazi katika Westinghouse Electric Corporation, PJM Interconnection, Electric Reliability Council of Texas, Grid-X Partners, North American Electric Reliability Corporation, na RAS Fusion, ambako ni afisa mkuu wa teknolojia. Alikuwa rais wa IEEE Power & Energy Society kwa kipindi cha 2022–2023. == Kutambuliwa == Mwaka 2014, Bian alikuwa mpokeaji wa kwanza wa Tuzo ya IEEE Power & Energy Society Wanda Reder Pioneer in Power. Alichaguliwa kuwa IEEE Fellow katika kundi la mwaka 2025 kwa mchango wake katika kuboresha utegemezi wa mifumo mikubwa ya umeme na maendeleo katika mtiririko wa nishati. Katika mwaka huo huo, alichaguliwa kuwa mwanachama wa National Academy of Engineering kwa uongozi na mchango wake katika vipimo vya utendaji wa utegemezi wa mifumo ya umeme, pamoja na maendeleo ya uundaji na udhibiti wa mtiririko wa nishati. Mwaka 2026, aliteuliwa kuwa profesa mgeni mashuhuri katika Tsinghua University. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:wahandisi wa China]] [[Jamii:wanawake wa China]] [[Jamii:wahandisi wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:wanawake wa Marekani]] rq9z4ziq2shmcf3r92bijh4sugpdfl6 0 253782 1606557 1606264 2026-10-09T14:04:00Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Marejeo */ 1606557 wikitext text/x-wiki '''William Burlie Brown''' (3 Machi [[1922]] – 29 Juni [[2005]]) alikuwa [[mwanahistoria]] katika Tulane University huko [[New Orleans]] kwa zaidi ya miongo mitatu. W. Burlie Brown, ambaye hakuwahi kutumia jina lake la kwanza, alikuwa mzaliwa wa New Orleans. Alijiunga na Tulane kama mwanafunzi wa masomo ya awali ya [[sheria]] ili kuwafurahisha wazazi wake. Alikuwa mtu wa kwanza katika familia yake kwenda chuo kikuu. Baada ya kutumikia kwa miaka miwili katika eneo la [[Pasifiki]] wakati wa [[Vita vya Pili vya Dunia]] akiwa [[mwanajeshi]] wa [[Jeshi]] la Wanamaji la [[Marekani]], Brown alipata shahada ya sheria kutoka Tulane. Alifunga ndoa na Rosel George, mwandishi wa hadithi za kubuni za kisayansi na mtaalamu wa [[Ugiriki]] ya kale, mwaka 1947. Walipata watoto wawili. Alifanya kazi ya sheria kwa miaka miwili, lakini hatimaye alirudi shuleni mwaka 1949 kama mwanafunzi na baadaye akapata shahada ya udaktari katika historia kutoka University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Brown alijiunga na kitivo cha historia cha Tulane mwaka 1951. Alipokea ufadhili wa ualimu wa Danforth mwaka 1955 na Guggenheim Fellowship mwaka 1957. Alikuwa mshauri wa Idara ya Afya, Elimu na Ustawi ya serikali ya shirikisho kuanzia mwaka 1963 hadi 1967. Mke wake alifariki mwaka huo kutokana na limfoma. Brown alistaafu mwaka 1987. Pia alikuwa mshiriki hai wa Kanisa la Episcopal, akihudumu katika kamati za eneo na kitaifa na kufundisha madarasa kwa watu waliokuwa wakifikiria kujiunga na kanisa hilo. Alikuwa mwanachama wa vestry katika Chapel of the Holy Spirit, huduma ya kichungaji ya vyuo vya Tulane na Loyola. Akiwa na umri wa miaka 83, alifariki akiwa ameacha mke wake Gillian Fansler Brown, pamoja na mwanawe Robin Ernest Brown na binti yake Jennifer Jo Brown. Pia aliacha watoto wa kambo watatu, Stephen Hammond, Justin Hammond na John Hammond, pamoja na wajukuu wanane na vitukuu wawili. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1922|2005}} [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanahistoria wa Marekani]] s4bfqah71bin2rla9qd0kohwnj71rwe 0 253783 1606559 1606267 2026-10-09T14:04:48Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1606559 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Peter Brunstetter.jpg|thumb|Mwanachama wa Seneti ya North Carolina kutoka wilaya ya 31]] '''Peter Samuel Brunstetter''' (alizaliwa [[28 Februari]] [[1956]] huko San Francisco, [[California]]) ni mwanachama wa zamani wa Chama cha Republican katika Baraza Kuu la North [[Carolina Kusini|Carolina]], ambako aliwakilisha [[wilaya]] ya 31 ya Seneti ya jimbo hilo, iliyojumuisha wakazi wa Forsyth County na Yadkin County, North Carolina. Alijiuzulu kutoka bungeni, kuanzia tarehe [[15 Desemba]] 2013, ili kuwa makamu wa [[rais]] mtendaji na afisa mkuu wa sheria wa Novant Health yenye makao yake Winston-Salem. Alihudumu katika Novant Health hadi Novemba 2018. Kuanzia Januari 2019 hadi Julai 2020, alihudumu kama Afisa Mkuu wa Uendeshaji wa University of North Carolina System, yenye makao yake Chapel Hill, North Carolina. Brunstetter alipata shahada ya B.A. katika Sayansi ya Siasa kutoka Tulane University mwaka 1977, na shahada ya J.D. kutoka University of Virginia mwaka 1984, ambapo alikuwa mwanachama wa Order of the Coif. Kuanzia mwaka 1977 hadi 1981, Brunstetter alihudumu kama afisa mwenye kamisheni katika Jeshi la Wanamaji la Marekani akiwa ndani ya USS ''Briscoe'', na kuondoka akiwa na cheo cha luteni. Aliendelea kuhudumu katika Kikosi cha Akiba cha Jeshi la Wanamaji kuanzia mwaka 1981 hadi 1990, na kuondoka akiwa na cheo cha lieutenant commander. Kwa miaka mingi, Brunstetter alifanya kazi ya [[sheria]] katika kampuni ya Womble Carlyle Sandridge & Rice, LLP, huko Winston-Salem, North Carolina, na aliishi Lewisville pamoja na mke wake Jodie. Kwa sasa yeye na mke wake wanaishi Huddleston, Virginia. Aliwahi kuwa mshirika katika kitengo cha Sheria za Mashirika na Dhamana cha Womble Carlyle. Brunstetter alikuwa mwenyekiti wa Bodi ya Uchaguzi ya Forsyth County kuanzia mwaka 1990 hadi 1991, na aliteuliwa kujaza nafasi iliyoachwa wazi katika Bodi ya Makamishna ya Forsyth County mwezi Septemba 1991. Alihudumu katika bodi hiyo hadi mwaka 2004, baada ya kuchaguliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwaka 1992, 1996 na 2000. Brunstetter alikuwa mwenyekiti wa Bodi ya Makamishna kuanzia mwaka 1994 hadi 2004, wakati alipoamua kutogombea tena. Mwaka 2006, Brunstetter aliteuliwa kujaza nafasi iliyoachwa wazi katika Seneti ya North Carolina baada ya kifo cha Seneta Ham Horton. Katika Seneti, alihudumu kama mwenyekiti mwenza wa Kamati ya Matumizi ya Fedha na Bajeti ya Msingi, mwenyekiti wa Kamati ya Seneti ya Mahakama I, makamu mwenyekiti wa Kamati ya Kanuni na Uendeshaji wa Seneti, na mwanachama wa Kamati za Fedha, Biashara na Ugawaji Upya wa Maeneo ya Uchaguzi. Brunstetter ni mwenyekiti wa zamani wa Novant Health, Inc. Pia ni profesa msaidizi wa zamani wa sheria katika Elon University School of Law. Alihudumu katika bodi ya wageni ya University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC State University na University of North Carolina at Wilmington. Pia ni mwanachama wa zamani wa bodi ya wadhamini ya University of North Carolina School of the Arts. Alihudumu katika Bodi ya Magavana ya North Carolina Bar Association. Brunstetter alikuwa mpokeaji wa Tuzo ya Huduma kwa Umma ya Dr. I. Beverly Lake kutoka North Carolina Bar Association mwaka 2013. Pia ni mpokeaji wa heshima ya juu zaidi ya kiraia ya North Carolina, Order of the Long Leaf Pine. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Marekani]] fm60ja9pb869e1t6j3eo86098w7for2 0 253785 1606564 1606269 2026-10-09T14:07:48Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1606564 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Corey Dowden''' (alizaliwa [[18 Oktoba]] [[1968]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa wa zamani wa [[Futiboli ya Marekani]] kutoka [[Marekani]] aliyekuwa akicheza nafasi ya defensive back katika National Football League (NFL). == Wasifu == Dowden alizaliwa tarehe 18 Oktoba 1968 huko [[New Orleans, Louisiana|New Orleans, Louisiana.]] == Kazi == Uzoefu wa kwanza wa Dowden katika soka la kulipwa ulikuwa katika misimu miwili akiwa na Tampa Bay Storm ya Arena Football League. Aliteuliwa katika kikosi cha pili cha All-Arena mwaka 1995. Baadaye alitumia msimu mmoja akiwa na Ottawa Rough Riders ya Canadian Football League kabla ya kurejea Tampa Bay Storm kwa msimu mwingine. Katika msimu wa NFL wa mwaka 1996, Dowden alichezea timu mbili. Kwanza alichezea Green Bay Packers na baadaye katika msimu huo alijiunga na Baltimore Ravens. Alitumia msimu wa NFL wa mwaka 1997 akiwa na Chicago Bears kabla ya kurejea Tampa Bay Storm kwa msimu wake wa mwisho. Alisoma na kucheza mpira wa miguu wa vyuo katika Tulane University. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1968|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Marekani]] 0ry80v2fjiw6q46w84nsgr4o7kj2d5k 0 253860 1606595 1606414 2026-10-09T16:55:43Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1606595 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Wilfred Rhodes''' ( [[29 Oktoba]] [[1877]] – [[21 Julai]] [[1973]]) alikuwa mchezaji wa [[kriketi]] kutoka [[Uingereza]]. Alizaliwa Kirkheaton, Yorkshire, na alichezea Yorkshire na Uingereza. Alikuwa all-rounder mwenye mafanikio makubwa, akichukua wiketi 4,204 za daraja la kwanza na kufunga mikimbio 39,969.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea habari |date=9 July 1973 |title=Wilfred Rhodes Dies |url=https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00084249/03391/zoom/13 |access-date=1 August 2024 |work=The Tribune |location=Nassau, Bahamas |pages=14 |quote=Wilfred Rhodes, one of the greatest names of cricket, died in a Dorsetshire nursing home Sunday aged 95. |agency=Associated Press}}</ref><ref name="Menon">{{cite web |last=Menon |first=Suresh |title=All Rhodes |work=Cricinfo |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/magazine/content/story/408886.html |publisher=ESPN espncricinfo |access-date=13 December 2009}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1877]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1973]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wanaume wa Uingereza]] 6s3bcc1xojsru2rg0m392fr18i4oo4x 0 253874 1606567 1606437 2026-10-09T14:10:46Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Marejeo */ 1606567 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Harvey Locke Carey''' ([[18 Januari]] [[1915]] – [[8 Januari]] [[1984]]) alikuwa [[mwanasheria]], [[luteni]] wa kijeshi na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Marekani]]. Akiwa mwanachama wa Chama cha Kidemokrasia, alihudumu kama [[Mwanasheria]] Mkuu Msaidizi wa [[Louisiana]] kuanzia mwaka 1948 hadi 1950 na kama Mwanasheria wa Marekani wa [[Wilaya]] ya Magharibi ya Louisiana kuanzia mwaka 1950 hadi 1952. == Maisha na kazi == Carey alizaliwa Parkin, Arkansas, akiwa mwana wa Gregory William Carey, [[jaji]] wa [[mahakama]] ya mzunguko, na Willie Belle Locke. Alisoma katika Paris High School na kuhitimu mwaka 1931. Baada ya kuhitimu, alisoma katika University of [[Arkansas]], ambako alicheza mpira wa miguu wa vyuo kwa timu ya Arkansas Razorbacks. Pia alisoma katika Tulane University na kupata shahada ya sheria mwaka 1939. Baada ya kupata shahada hiyo, alihudumu katika Fleet Marine Force ya vikosi vya majini vya Marekani wakati wa [[Vita vya Pili vya Dunia]]. Wakati wa huduma yake ya kijeshi, alipokea cheo cha ensign na kukamilisha mafunzo yake ya kijeshi ya majini katika Dartmouth College. Baadaye aliendelea na mafunzo ya majini katika Princeton University na alipandishwa cheo kuwa luteni mwaka 1945. Carey alihudumu kama Mwanasheria Mkuu Msaidizi wa Louisiana kuanzia mwaka 1948 hadi 1950. Baada ya huduma hiyo, alihudumu kama Mwanasheria wa Marekani wa Wilaya ya Magharibi ya Louisiana kuanzia mwaka 1950 hadi 1952. == Kifo == Carey alifariki tarehe 8 Januari 1984 katika Meadowview Nursing Home huko [[Minden]], Louisiana, akiwa na umri wa miaka 68. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1915|1984}} [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanajeshi wa Marekani]] dbwurjvk21firox8llvtkbxhxlwtzmz 0 253884 1606594 1606450 2026-10-09T16:45:06Z Dumbassman 42698 1606594 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Málaga Film Festival 2026 - Carmen Maura (cropped).jpg|thumb|Carmen Maura]] '''María del Carmen García Maura''' (alizaliwa [[15 Septemba]] [[1945]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Kihispania]]. Katika kazi yake ya uigizaji iliyodumu kwa miongo saba, ameigiza katika [[filamu]] mbalimbali, zikiwemo Women on the Verge of a Nervous Breakdown, ¡Ay Carmela!, Common Wealth na Volver. Ameshinda [[tuzo]] ya Goya ya Mwigizaji Bora wa Kike mara tatu, na kwa jumla ameshinda tuzo nne za Goya. Pia alishinda tuzo ya César mwaka [[2012]] na tuzo ya Tamasha la Filamu la Cannes mwaka [[2006]].<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0560962/</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1945]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} hxc371fgf0yby2tmm9boigq2j6itg2k 0 253923 1606568 1606492 2026-10-09T14:11:38Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Marejeo */ 1606568 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Calvin Duncan.jpg|thumb|Duncan in 2025]] '''Calvin F. Duncan''' (aliyezaliwa mwaka 1962 au [[1963]]) ni mtetezi wa haki za kisheria na [[mwanaharakati]] wa haki za wafungwa kutoka [[Marekani]]. Akiwa kijana, mwaka 1982, alikamatwa kwa tuhuma za mauaji, kisha akapatikana na hatia na kufungwa katika Gereza la Jimbo la [[Louisiana]] kwa muda mwingi wa miaka 28 na nusu. Akiwa gerezani, licha ya kuwa na elimu ya darasa la tisa tu, alijifundisha sheria za jinai na kufanya kazi kama mwanasheria wa wafungwa, akiwasaidia wafungwa wengine kupata kuachiliwa. Baada ya kuachiliwa kupitia makubaliano ya kukiri kosa, Duncan alianzisha na kushirikiana kuanzisha taasisi kadhaa za kutetea haki za kisheria za wafungwa. Alikuwa na mchango mkubwa katika kuwasilisha kwa mafanikio kesi katika Mahakama Kuu ya Marekani. Baadaye aliondolewa rasmi kwenye tuhuma za mauaji, akapata shahada ya Udaktari wa Sheria katika Shule ya Sheria ya Lewis & Clark akiwa na umri wa miaka 60, na akaandika kwa ushirikiano kumbukumbu za maisha yake katika kitabu ''The Jailhouse Lawyer'', kilichofanikiwa sana kibiashara. Mwaka 2025, alichaguliwa kuwa karani wa mahakama hiyo hiyo ya jinai iliyokuwa imemhukumu kwa mauaji hapo awali. Katika hatua iliyolaaniwa kuwa ya ubaguzi wa rangi, bunge la jimbo lilipitisha sheria iliyofuta nafasi hiyo kabla hajaanza rasmi kazi yake. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1963]] jonyfrbgjcp42c3fg1lbgq4r2x5a4jk 0 253924 1606570 1606493 2026-10-09T14:12:30Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1606570 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bruce Alan Campbell''' (alizaliwa Homestead, [[Florida]], [[22 Aprili]] [[1957]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] kutoka [[Marekani]]. Anajulikana zaidi kwa nafasi yake ya Derek Mitchell katika mfululizo wa televisheni wa CBS, ''Jake and the Fatman'', ulioonyeshwa kuanzia mwaka 1987 hadi 1992, na nafasi ya E.Z. Taylor katika mfululizo wa muda mfupi wa ''Three's a Crowd'', uliokuwa mwendelezo wa kipindi cha ''Three's Company'' na kuonyeshwa kuanzia mwaka 1984 hadi 1985. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Bruce Alan Campbell alizaliwa na Edward John Campbell, mkulima, na Audrey Carolyn Griner (1930–2015), aliyekuwa mama wa nyumbani. Campbell alisoma katika Chuo Kikuu cha Tulane na kuhitimu shahada ya kwanza ya biashara katika Chuo Kikuu cha [[Miami]]. == Kazi == Campbell alijulikana kwa watazamaji wa televisheni alipoigiza pamoja na John Ritter katika mfululizo wa muda mfupi wa ''Three's a Crowd'' (1984–1985), ambamo alicheza nafasi ya kuchekesha ya E.Z. Taylor, mpishi msaidizi wa Jack Tripper katika mgahawa wake. Taylor alionyeshwa kama kijana anayependa maisha ya ufukweni na utamaduni wa wasafiri wa mawimbini. Pia aliigiza kwa misimu mitano pamoja na William Conrad na Joe Penny katika tamthilia ya uhalifu ya CBS, ''Jake and the Fatman'' (1987–1992), akicheza nafasi ya Derek Mitchell, Mwanasheria Msaidizi wa Wilaya. Campbell pia alionekana kama mwigizaji mgeni katika vipindi vingi vya televisheni, vikiwemo ''The Facts of Life'', ''Matlock'', ''All My Children'', ''Law & Order'', ''Law & Order: SVU'' na ''Homicide: Life on the Street''. Aidha, alishiriki katika mfululizo wa vipindi vya wavuti ''Submissions Only'' na ''Then We Got Help!''. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-igiza-filamu-USA}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1957]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Marekani]] euoiiotb1geisples786cq41tio9g0f 0 253925 1606571 1606494 2026-10-09T14:14:21Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1606571 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Will Davis Campbell''' (Kaunti ya Amite, [[Mississippi]], [[18 Julai]] [[1924]] – [[Nashville, Tennessee]], [[3 Juni]] [[2013]]) alikuwa mhudumu wa [[kanisa]] la Kibaptisti, mhadhiri na [[mwanaharakati]]. Campbell alikuwa Mzungu kutoka Kusini mwa Marekani aliyeunga mkono haki za kiraia za Wamarekani wenye asili ya [[Afrika]]. Pia alikuwa mhadhiri na mwandishi, aliyejulikana zaidi kwa kitabu chake cha maisha yake, ''Brother to a Dragonfly'', ambacho kilifika hatua ya mwisho ya uteuzi wa [[Tuzo]] ya Kitaifa ya Vitabu mwaka 1978. == Maisha ya awali na kazi == Campbell alizaliwa mwaka 1924 katika Kaunti ya Amite, Mississippi, akiwa mwana wa mkulima na mke wake. Alisema kuwa familia yake ilimlea kwa kumfundisha kuvumilia na kuheshimu tamaduni tofauti, ingawa kanisa la familia yao lilikuwa na Biblia zilizopambwa kwa alama ya Ku Klux Klan. Aliteuliwa kuwa mhudumu wa kanisa akiwa na umri wa miaka 17 na kusanyiko la Kibaptisti katika eneo lao. Alisoma katika Louisiana College, kisha akajiunga na [[jeshi]] wakati wa [[Vita vya Pili vya Dunia]], ambako alihudumu kama mhudumu wa afya. Baada ya vita, alisoma katika Wake Forest College na kupata shahada ya kwanza ya Kiingereza. Pia alisoma katika Chuo Kikuu cha Tulane na Shule ya Theolojia ya Yale, ambako alipata shahada ya theolojia mwaka 1952. Ingawa alihudumu kama mchungaji huko Louisiana kuanzia mwaka 1952 hadi 1954, sehemu kubwa ya kazi yake aliifanya katika mazingira mengine. Mwaka 1954, aliteuliwa kuwa mkurugenzi wa maisha ya kidini katika Chuo Kikuu cha Mississippi, lakini alijiuzulu mwaka 1956. Moja ya sababu za kujiuzulu kwake ilikuwa uhasama aliokumbana nao, ikiwemo vitisho vya kuuawa, kutokana na kuunga mkono kuunganishwa kwa watu wa rangi tofauti katika taasisi na jamii. Baadaye, alifanya kazi kama afisa wa shughuli za maeneo katika Baraza la Kitaifa la Makanisa na kujiunga na harakati za kutetea haki za kiraia. Mwaka 1963, Campbell aliondoka katika Baraza la Kitaifa la Makanisa na kuwa mkurugenzi wa Kamati ya Wanakanisa wa Kusini, ambayo aliitumia kama msingi wa kuendeleza harakati zake za kijamii. Kamati ya Wanakanisa wa Kusini ilichapisha jarida lililoitwa ''Katallagete''. Jina hilo lilitokana na neno la Kigiriki la Agano Jipya lenye maana ya “patanisheni”, likirejelea kifungu cha 2 Wakorintho 5:20. Jarida hilo lilichapisha makala kuhusu siasa na mabadiliko ya kijamii kwa mtazamo wa imani ya Kikristo. Lilieleza mawazo ya vuguvugu la theolojia ya neo-orthodoxy, ambalo Campbell alifahamiana nalo alipokuwa Yale. Jarida hilo lilihaririwa na James Y. Holloway wa Berea College huko Kentucky na lilichapishwa kuanzia mwaka 1965 hadi mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1990. Mwaka 1983, Kamati ya Wanakanisa wa Kusini ilikabidhi usimamizi wa jarida hilo kwa Campbell na Holloway. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-Mkristo}} [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2013]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:waliozaliwa 1924]] 19e313yqwefixhqf8lvl6kj1lzi9r23 0 253926 1606573 1606495 2026-10-09T14:15:39Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Marejeo */ 1606573 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Grayson Capps''' ni [[mwimbaji]] na [[mtunzi]] wa [[Wimbo|nyimbo]] kutoka [[Marekani]] anayejihusisha na muziki wa Americana na blues rock. Alizaliwa Opelika, [[Alabama]], Marekani. == Maisha ya awali == Capps alizaliwa Opelika, Alabama, katika familia ambayo wazazi wake walikuwa [[Mwanafunzi|wanafunzi]] katika Chuo Kikuu cha Auburn. Alikulia Brewton, Alabama, alipokuwa mtoto, lakini alihamia Fairhope, Alabama, kwa ajili ya masomo ya shule ya sekondari. Akiwa Fairhope, alivutiwa na [[sanaa]] za [[maigizo]] na baadaye akapata shahada ya sanaa za maigizo katika Chuo Kikuu cha Tulane. Aliendelea kuishi [[New Orleans]] hadi Kimbunga Katrina kilipotokea. == Kazi ya muziki == Mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1990, alipokuwa mwanafunzi katika Chuo Kikuu cha Tulane, Capps alianzisha bendi iliyoitwa The House Levelers. Muziki wa bendi hiyo ulielezwa kuwa mchanganyiko wa muziki wa folk na thrash. Akiwa bado katika chuo hicho, alianzisha pia bendi ya blues rock iliyoitwa Stavin' Chain. Bendi hiyo ilitoa albamu moja iliyokuwa na jina lake kabla ya kuvunjika. Mwaka 2004, baadhi ya nyimbo za Capps zilitumika katika filamu ''A Love Song for Bobby Long'', iliyotokana na riwaya iliyoandikwa na baba yake. Mwaka 2011, Capps na bendi yake ya Lost Cause Minstrels walitoa albamu iliyoitwa ''Lost Cause Minstrels'' kupitia kampuni ya Royal Potato Family Records. Capps alitoa albamu yake ya kwanza ya solo, ''If You Knew My Mind'', mwaka 2005 kupitia Hyena Records. Albamu yake ya pili, ''Wail & Ride'', ilitolewa mwaka 2006 kupitia kampuni hiyo hiyo. Mwaka 2008, alitoa albamu ''Rott & Roll'', iliyorekodiwa pamoja na bendi iliyojulikana kama Stumpknockers. Albamu yake ''Scarlett Roses'' ilitolewa Desemba 2017. Tovuti ya AllMusic ilieleza kuwa albamu hiyo ilikuwa rekodi ya muziki wa roots rock ambayo mashabiki walikuwa wakiitarajia kutoka kwa Capps. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mwanamuziki-USA}} [[Jamii:Waimbaji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Watunzi wa Marekani]] 7o9qkp49f42vky4hqrhoh80j68g4qus 0 253927 1606574 1606496 2026-10-09T14:16:14Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1606574 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Valerie Elaine Caproni''' (alizaliwa [[13 Agosti]] [[1955]]) ni [[jaji]] [[mwandamizi]] wa [[Mahakama]] ya [[Wilaya]] ya [[Marekani]] katika Wilaya ya Kusini ya [[Jiji la New York|New York]]. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Caproni alikulia Columbus, Georgia, na alisoma katika Shule ya Sekondari ya Hardaway, ambako alihitimu mwaka [[1973]]. Akiwa [[kijana]], pia alishiriki katika Mpango wa Heshima wa Gavana wa Georgia, ambao ni mpango wa majira ya kiangazi kwa wanafunzi wenye vipaji vya kipekee. Mwaka 1976, alipata shahada ya kwanza ya sanaa katika saikolojia, kwa matokeo ya juu ya kitaaluma, kutoka Newcomb College ya Chuo Kikuu cha Tulane. Mwaka 1979, alipata shahada ya Udaktari wa Sheria kwa matokeo bora zaidi ya kitaaluma kutoka Shule ya Sheria ya Chuo Kikuu cha Georgia. Alipokuwa akisoma sheria, alihudumu katika bodi ya uhariri wa jarida ''Georgia Law Review''. Pia alishinda mashindano ya Russell na Talmadge ya mahakama ya mazoezi ya kesi na akapokelewa katika chama cha heshima cha kitaaluma cha Order of the Coif. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1955]] [[Jamii:Majaji]] [[Jamii:wanasheria wa Marekani]] n0v9n9z245i5wto0f9v74kbpxd7ql5u 0 253928 1606575 1606498 2026-10-09T14:19:01Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1606575 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Emily Card.jpg|thumb|Emily Card.]] '''Emily Watts Card''' (alizaliwa [[8 Mei]] [[1942]]) ni [[mwanasayansi]] wa [[siasa]], [[mwalimu]] na [[mwandishi]] kutoka [[Marekani]] anayejihusisha na masuala ya mikopo na fedha kwa [[wanawake]]. Akiwa mshiriki wa mpango wa wataalamu wanaosaidia wabunge, chini ya Seneta Bill Brock wa Chama cha Republican kutoka Tennessee, Card alikusanya ushahidi, akaandaa rasimu ya sheria na kuratibu uungwaji mkono wa Sheria ya Fursa Sawa za Mikopo ya mwaka 1974. == Familia na elimu == Card alizaliwa akiwa na jina la Emily Ann Watts tarehe 8 Mei 1942, akiwa binti wa Ray Dean Watts na Anne America Dempsey. Alihitimu katika Shule ya Sekondari ya Chattanooga, iliyoko [[Chattanooga, Tennessee|Chattanooga]], [[Tennessee]], mwaka 1960. Mwaka 1963, alipata shahada ya kwanza ya sanaa kutoka Newcomb College. Mwaka 1966, alipata shahada ya uzamili katika sayansi ya siasa kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Tulane. Mwaka 1972, alikamilisha shahada ya uzamivu katika sayansi ya siasa katika Chuo Kikuu cha Columbia. Tasnifu yake ilikuwa na kichwa ''The Politics of Underdevelopment: From Voluntary Associations to Party Auxiliaries in Ghana''. Baadaye, mwaka 1981, alipata shahada ya uzamili katika utawala wa umma kutoka Shule ya Kennedy ya Chuo Kikuu cha Harvard. Pia ana shahada ya Udaktari wa Sheria kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha [[California]], [[Los Angeles]]. == Kazi == Card alikuwa mwanzilishi na mkurugenzi wa Mradi wa Mikopo na Fedha kwa Wanawake katika Chuo Kikuu cha Harvard. Ameandika, kuandika kwa ushirikiano au kuchangia katika vitabu saba, na alikuwa mhariri mchangiaji wa jarida ''Ms.''. Katika miaka ya 1980, aliendesha kipindi cha televisheni kilichoitwa ''It's Your Money''. Kwa miaka mingi, Card aliunganisha ujuzi wake wa sheria na fedha alipokuwa mkuu wa huduma ya ushauri wa kifedha iliyokuwa Santa Monica, California. Pia aliwahi kuwa [[profesa]] msaidizi wa sayansi ya siasa katika Chuo Kikuu cha Wisconsin–Green Bay. Mwezi Mei 1974, aligombea kiti cha Wilaya ya 31 ya Bunge la Wawakilishi la Marekani huko California akiwa mwanachama wa Chama cha Kidemokrasia. Kufikia mwaka 1979, Card alikuwa profesa katika Chuo Kikuu cha Southern California na mkurugenzi wa Taasisi ya Mipango ya chuo hicho. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1942]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Walimu wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Marekani]] 9lj3ca85ox7njzd8t1g9i3wb62hp32k 0 253929 1606576 1606499 2026-10-09T14:19:24Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Marejeo */ 1606576 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alberto Jose Cardelle''' ni [[mwalimu]] na msomi kutoka [[Marekani]] ambaye kwa sasa anahudumu kama [[rais]] wa tisa wa Chuo Kikuu cha Jimbo la [[New York]] huko Oneonta. == Maisha na kazi == Cardelle anatoka [[Miami]], [[Florida]]. Alipata shahada ya kwanza katika biolojia na masomo ya [[Amerika ya Kusini]] kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Tulane, shahada ya uzamili ya [[afya]] ya [[umma]] kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Boston, na shahada ya uzamivu katika masomo ya kimataifa kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Miami. Baada ya kuhitimu, alishika nyadhifa mbalimbali katika sekta ya afya ya umma, akifanya kazi na mashirika kama [[UNICEF]] na Shirika la Afya Duniani. Cardelle alikuwa profesa msaidizi wa afya ya umma katika Chuo Kikuu cha East Stroudsburg, na baadaye akawa makamu mkuu wa masomo na mkuu wa chuo katika taasisi hiyo. Baadaye, alihudumu kama mkuu wa masomo na makamu wa rais wa masuala ya kitaaluma katika Chuo Kikuu cha Jimbo la Fitchburg. Mwezi Julai 2021, Kansela wa SUNY, Jim Malatras, pamoja na Bodi ya Wadhamini ya SUNY, walitangaza uteuzi wa Cardelle kuwa rais wa Chuo Kikuu cha Jimbo la New York huko Oneonta. Alianza rasmi kushika wadhifa huo tarehe 6 Septemba 2021. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Walimu wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wasomi]] 3xzycpzbrg2cxyht7l8vytxw86dba4s 0 253930 1606577 1606508 2026-10-09T14:20:06Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Marejeo */ 1606577 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rosel George Brown''' ([[15 Machi]] [[1926]] – [[26 Novemba]] [[1967]]) alikuwa [[mwandishi]] wa [[Marekani]] wa fasihi ya sayansi ya kubuni. == Wasifu == Brown alizaliwa [[New Orleans, Louisiana]]. Baada ya kumaliza elimu yake rasmi katika Sophie Newcomb College, ambako alijikita katika lugha ya [[Kigiriki cha kale]], aliendelea na masomo katika Chuo Kikuu cha Minnesota na kupata shahada ya uzamili katika lugha ya Kigiriki. Baada ya masomo yake, aliishi katika jiji alikozaliwa pamoja na mume wake, W. Burlie Brown, aliyekuwa profesa wa historia katika Chuo Kikuu cha Tulane. Wanandoa hao walikuwa na watoto wawili, mwana aliyezaliwa mwaka 1954 na binti aliyezaliwa mwaka 1959. Mbali na uandishi, Brown alifanya kazi kama mwalimu na mfanyakazi wa kutembelea na kusaidia watu waliokuwa wakipokea huduma za ustawi wa jamii huko Louisiana. Mwaka 1959, aliteuliwa kuwania [[Tuzo]] ya Hugo katika kipengele cha mwandishi bora mpya. Maisha na kazi yake vilikatizwa alipofariki kutokana na ugonjwa wa limfoma akiwa na umri wa miaka 41, mwaka 1967. Juzuu ya nne ya mkusanyiko wa ''Nebula Award Anthology'' ina taarifa ya kifo chake iliyoandikwa na Daniel F. Galouye. Mwandishi Anne McCaffrey alitoa wakfu wa kitabu chake cha mwaka 1970, ''Alchemy & Academe'', kwa Brown pamoja na watu wengine kadhaa. Brown na McCaffrey walikuwa wamekutana katika warsha ya waandishi ya Milford. == Kazi za uandishi == Kazi nyingi za Brown ziliandikwa kuanzia mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1950 hadi katikati ya miaka ya 1960, na kwa ujumla zilipokelewa vizuri na wakosoaji pamoja na wasomaji. Riwaya zake kuu ni ''Sibyl Sue Blue'', inayojulikana pia kama ''Galactic Sibyl Sue Blue'', na mwendelezo wake, ''The Waters of Centaurus''. Vitabu hivyo vinaeleza maisha ya Sybil Sue Blue, mpelelezi wa kike. ''The Waters of Centaurus'' kilichapishwa baada ya kifo chake, na hakimiliki yake ilisajiliwa na mume wake mwaka 1970. Pia alishirikiana na Keith Laumer kuandika riwaya ''Earthblood'' iliyochapishwa mwaka 1966. Katika mapitio ya kitabu ''Galactic Suburbia: Recovering Women's Science Fiction'' kilichoandikwa na Lisa Yaszek, Rob Latham alisisitiza umuhimu wa kujumuishwa kwa Brown katika kitabu hicho. Alimtaja pamoja na Margaret St. Clair, Zenna Henderson, Mildred Clingerman na Doris Pitkin Buck kama waandishi wenye vipaji muhimu wa miaka ya 1950 ambao kazi zao zilikuwa katika hatari ya kusahaulika. Hadithi fupi za Brown zilichapishwa katika majarida mbalimbali, yakiwemo ''The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction'', ''Amazing Stories'' na ''Fantastic Universe''. Mkusanyiko wa hadithi zake fupi ulioitwa ''A Handful of Time'' ulichapishwa na Ballantine Books mwaka 1963. == Hadithi fupi == Orodha ifuatayo ina baadhi ya [[hadithi]] fupi za Brown: "From an Unseen Censor", katika jarida ''Galaxy'', Septemba 1958 "Hair-Raising Adventure", katika ''Star Science Fiction #5'', 1959 "Virgin Ground", katika jarida ''Worlds of If'', Februari 1959 "Lost in Translation", katika jarida ''Fantasy & Science Fiction'', Mei 1959 "Car Pool", katika jarida ''Worlds of If'', Julai 1959 "Save Your Confederate Money, Boys", katika jarida ''Fantastic Universe'', Novemba 1959 "Flower Arrangement", katika jarida ''Galaxy'', Desemba 1959 "Signs of the Times", katika jarida ''Amazing Stories'', Desemba 1959 "David's Daddy", katika jarida ''Fantastic'', Juni 1960 "Step IV", katika jarida ''Amazing Stories'', Juni 1960 "There's Always a Way", katika jarida ''Fantastic'', Julai 1960 "A Little Human Contact", katika jarida ''Fantasy & Science Fiction'', Aprili 1960 "Just a Suggestion", katika jarida ''Fantasy & Science Fiction'', Agosti 1960 "Of All Possible Worlds", katika jarida ''Fantasy & Science Fiction'', Februari 1961. Hadithi hii pia ilichapishwa tena katika kitabu ''Rediscovery: Science Fiction by Women (1958–1963)''. "Visiting Professor", katika jarida ''Fantastic'', Februari 1961 "The Ultimate Sin", katika jarida ''Fantasy & Science Fiction'', Oktoba 1961 "And a Tooth", katika jarida ''Fantastic'', Agosti 1962 "Fruiting Body", katika jarida ''Fantasy & Science Fiction'', Agosti 1962 "Smith's Revenge", iliyochapishwa kwa mara ya kwanza katika kitabu ''A Handful of Time'' mwaka 1963 "The Devaluation of the Symbol", iliyochapishwa kwa mara ya kwanza katika kitabu ''A Handful of Time'' mwaka 1963 "The Artist", katika jarida ''Amazing Stories'', Mei 1964 == Riwaya == ''Earthblood'' (iliyoandikwa kwa ushirikiano na Keith Laumer), 1966 Mfululizo wa ''Sibyl Sue Blue'' ** ''Sibyl Sue Blue'', 1966. Pia ilichapishwa kwa jina ''Galactic Sibyl Sue Blue'' mwaka 1968. ** ''Waters of Centaurus'', iliyochapishwa baada ya kifo cha mwandishi mwaka 1970. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mwandishi}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1926]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1967]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Marekani]] bv286e6m0t3khxwpfjarbd5j6vblkmh 0 253932 1606578 1606514 2026-10-09T14:22:49Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1606578 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Juan Manuel García Passalacqua''' ([[22 Februari]] [[1937]] – [[2 Julai]] [[2010]]) alikuwa [[mwanasheria]], [[mwandishi]] na mchambuzi wa [[siasa]] kutoka [[Puerto Rico]], aliyekuwa akichambua siasa za Puerto Rico. == Maisha ya awali == Juan Manuel García Passalacqua alizaliwa tarehe 22 Februari 1937 katika wilaya ya Hato Rey, [[San Juan, Puerto Rico]]. Alionyesha nia ya kusomea sheria tangu akiwa na umri mdogo sana. Alipata shahada kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Tufts, Chuo Kikuu cha Tulane na Shule ya [[Sheria]] ya [[Harvard]]. Baba yake alikuwa profesa wa fasihi katika Chuo Kikuu cha Puerto Rico, na mjomba wake alikuwa mgombea wa ugavana kupitia Chama cha Uhuru cha Puerto Rico. Baada ya kupata shahada ya sheria, alifanya kazi kama msaidizi wa magavana Luis Muñoz Marín na Roberto Sánchez Vilella, ambao wote walikuwa wanachama wa Chama cha Kidemokrasia cha Umma. Alikuwa mwanachama wa kundi la wanamageuzi lililojulikana Puerto Rico kama The 22. Alikuwa ameoa Ivonne Acosta, profesa wa chuo kikuu na mwandishi, hadi alipofariki. Walikuwa na binti aliyeitwa Ivonne Marie García Acosta, ambaye pia alikuwa profesa wa chuo kikuu. == Mwandishi na mchambuzi wa siasa == Baadaye, García Passalacqua alianza kutoridhishwa na Chama cha Kidemokrasia cha Umma na hatimaye kujitenga nacho. Akawa mtayarishaji wa vipindi vya televisheni huko Puerto Rico. Moja ya vipindi vyake muhimu zaidi kilikuwa ''Cara a Cara Ante el País''. Katika miaka ya 1980, García Passalacqua akawa mmoja wa wachambuzi wa siasa waliotafutwa sana na watayarishaji wengine wa televisheni. Wakati wa miaka ya uchaguzi, alikuwa mtu aliyeonekana mara kwa mara kwenye televisheni ya Puerto Rico. Aliandika zaidi ya vitabu ishirini kwa lugha ya Kihispania na Kiingereza, hasa kuhusu masuala ya Karibiani na siasa. Mwaka 1982, alialikwa kuwa mwanachama wa Baraza la Mahusiano ya Kigeni. Pia alikuwa mwanachama wa Mduara wa Mabalozi wa Kituo cha Carter kilichoko Atlanta. Katika kutekeleza majukumu yake na Kituo cha Carter, alihudumu kama mwangalizi huru wa uchaguzi katika zaidi ya nchi kumi na mbili duniani. García Passalacqua alifundisha kama profesa mgeni katika vyuo mbalimbali, kuanzia Chuo Kikuu cha Yale hadi Kituo cha Mafunzo ya Juu kuhusu Puerto Rico na Karibiani kilichoko San Juan. Kwa miaka mingi, alihudumu kama mshauri wa kisheria wa Taasisi ya Ana G. Méndez. Akiwa mchambuzi wa siasa huko Puerto Rico, alijulikana kwa kutoa maoni na ukosoaji kuhusu vyama vya siasa vya Puerto Rico bila kuunga mkono au kupinga moja kwa moja chama chochote kati ya vyama vitatu vikuu. Kwa miaka mingi, aliendelea kupendekeza mfumo wa kisiasa ambao Puerto Rico ingekuwa jamhuri yenye uhusiano wa ushirikiano na Marekani. Alikuwa ameandika tasnifu yake ya uzamili kuhusu suala hilo mwaka 1957 chini ya uelekezi wa Profesa Carl Joachim Friedrich katika Chuo Kikuu cha Harvard. Aliandika makala za magazeti kama ''El Nuevo Día'', ''El Vocero'' na ''The San Juan Star''. Mwaka 2006, alirejea katika kituo cha redio cha WKAQ-AM, kilichokuwa miongoni mwa vituo muhimu zaidi vya habari nchini Puerto Rico, akiwa mtoa maoni kuhusu siasa kupitia matangazo ya redio. García Passalacqua alikuwa na sehemu ya uchambuzi wa siasa iliyoitwa ''La Escuelita'' katika kipindi cha televisheni cha burudani cha mchana kilichoitwa ''Mediodía Puerto Rico'', kilichorushwa na kituo cha WAPA-TV. Baada ya tukio ambalo inaonekana alitoa maoni kuhusu binti wa Gavana Aníbal Acevedo Vilá, ambaye wakati huo alikuwa bado chini ya umri wa utu uzima, alifutwa kazi katika kipindi hicho na hakurudi tena kwenye kituo hicho. Badala yake, alitoa mahojiano kwa njia ya simu wakati vipindi vingine vya habari, waandishi wa habari na kipindi cha habari za udaku kilichoitwa ''SuperXclusivo'' vilipomtafuta ili kutoa uchambuzi wa kisiasa kwa kituo hicho. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mwandishi}} [[Jamii:waliozaliwa 1937]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2010]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Marekani]] ogi5u0g69x0bpa7xp0rklm0qu41nsh1 0 253933 1606579 1606516 2026-10-09T14:23:30Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1606579 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Pippin Frisbie-Calder Portrait during Interview.jpg|thumb|Pippin Frisbie-Calder (2024)]] '''Pippin Frisbie-Calder''' (alizaliwa [[14 Desemba]] [[1985]]) ni [[msanii]] wa [[sanaa]] za kuona, mhadhiri na msanii wa uchapaji kutoka [[Marekani]]. Kazi zake zinahusu mabadiliko ya tabianchi na uharibifu wa mazingira kwa mtazamo wa viashiria vya kibayolojia, hasa ndege. Kwa kuzingatia spishi zinazoonyesha hali ya afya ya mifumo [[ikolojia]], sanaa yake huchunguza athari pana za matatizo ya mazingira kama vile kutoweka kwa spishi na misururu ya athari katika viwango vya mnyororo wa chakula. Kupitia ushirikiano na wataalamu wa [[mikrobiolojia]], [[Mtaalamu|wataalamu]] wa ornitholojia na wanaikolojia, huunda usakinishaji mkubwa wa sanaa za kuona unaofafanua matokeo ya kisayansi yanayohusiana na sayansi ya tabianchi na utunzaji wa mazingira. Usakinishaji wake unaomzunguka mtazamaji, ambao mara nyingi huundwa kwa ushirikiano na mashirika yanayoshughulikia tabianchi na mazingira, hujumuisha chapa zilizochongwa kwenye mbao katika tabaka mbalimbali pamoja na sanaa shirikishi. Kazi zake zimevutia umakini kwa kuunganisha sanaa na sayansi ili kuongeza uelewa kuhusu masuala ya ikolojia. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Pippin Frisbie-Calder alizaliwa Hammond, Louisiana, na alitumia utoto wake kati ya Maine na masomo ya nyumbani akiwa kwenye boti iliyojengwa na wazazi wake, iliyoitwa Nada. Boti hiyo ilisafiri kutoka Mandeville, Louisiana, kupitia Amerika ya Kati na Karibiani pamoja na familia yake. Mama yake, Terrie Frisbie, pia ni msanii wa uchapaji. Mbali na kumfundisha nyumbani walipokuwa baharini, mama yake alimpa zana za kuchonga kabla hajafikisha umri wa miaka mitano. Baba yake, Nigel Calder, ni mtaalamu mashuhuri wa mifumo ya usafiri wa baharini na boti za starehe. Ameandika machapisho kadhaa, yakiwemo yaliyochapishwa na McGraw-Hill Professional. Anajulikana zaidi kwa kitabu chake ''Boatowner’s Mechanical and Electrical Manual''. Mwaka 1995, boti ya Nada ilipewa kibali cha kuzunguka Cuba ili kufanya uchunguzi na kutengeneza ramani kwa ajili ya mwongozo wa urambazaji wa kisiwa hicho. Familia ya Frisbie-Calder ilitumia miezi minane kuchunguza ghuba zote zinazoweza kufikiwa kwa boti kuzunguka kisiwa hicho. Kazi hiyo ilisababisha kuandikwa kwa mwongozo maarufu wa safari za boti nchini Cuba, ''Cuba, a Cruising Guide'', ulioandikwa na Nigel Calder. Familia hiyo pia ilitumia muda huko Ulaya kutokana na asili ya Kiingereza ya Nigel Calder. Frisbie-Calder alianza masomo yake ya kitaaluma kwa kujikita katika uchapaji katika Shule ya Ubunifu ya Rhode Island. Alihitimu kwa heshima na kupata shahada ya kwanza ya sanaa za ubunifu. Baadaye, alihamia New Orleans ili kusaidia kuendesha karakana ya uchapaji ya jamii ya New Orleans. Aliendelea na masomo ya uchapaji katika Chuo Kikuu cha Tulane kilichoko New Orleans, Louisiana, na kupata shahada ya uzamili ya sanaa za ubunifu. Baadaye, alihudumu katika Chuo Kikuu cha Tulane katika Idara ya Sanaa ya Newcomb na Idara ya Biolojia ya Mazingira. Kabla ya kupata shahada yake ya uzamili katika Chuo Kikuu cha Tulane, Frisbie-Calder alikuwa tayari msanii anayetambulika. Alikuwa ameshiriki katika programu za ukaazi wa wasanii na maonyesho huko New Orleans, Rhode Island, Louisiana, Maine, Haiti na Indonesia. Pia alishiriki katika maonyesho ya binafsi, ya vikundi na yale ambayo kazi huchaguliwa na jopo la majaji. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1985]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] okjzpaf5xekwf4ndsk9001tr7b2l46y 0 253934 1606580 1606517 2026-10-09T14:23:53Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Marejeo */ 1606580 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aimee Adatto Freeman''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mshauri wa [[biashara]] kutoka [[Marekani]] anayehudumu kama mwanachama wa Baraza la Wawakilishi la [[Louisiana]], akiwakilisha [[wilaya]] ya 98. Alichaguliwa mwezi Novemba 2019 na kuanza kazi tarehe [[13 Januari]] [[2020]], akichukua nafasi ya Neil Abramson. == Historia yake == Freeman alipata shahada ya kwanza ya sanaa katika [[Kiingereza]], akijikita katika masomo ya Marekani, kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha [[Virginia]]. Pia alipata shahada ya uzamili ya usimamizi wa biashara katika masoko kutoka Shule ya Biashara ya A.B. Freeman katika Chuo Kikuu cha Tulane. Kabla ya kuingia katika siasa, alifanya kazi kama mshauri wa biashara. Freeman aligombea nafasi katika Baraza la Wawakilishi la Louisiana katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 2019. Alipata nafasi ya kwanza katika uchaguzi wa awali usiohusisha vyama mwezi Oktoba 2019 na kumshinda mwanasheria Kea Sherman katika uchaguzi wa marudio uliofanyika mwezi Novemba mwaka huo. Alianza rasmi kazi yake tarehe 13 Januari 2020. Freeman ni mwanachama wa Kamati ya Ugawaji wa Fedha, Kamati ya Elimu ya Baraza la Wawakilishi, Kamati ya Masuala ya Kustaafu ya Baraza la Wawakilishi na Kamati ya Pamoja ya Bajeti ya Bunge la Louisiana. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] g58n7hqjp0ppb60k3gs1f8ynme3e35k 0 253935 1606581 1606519 2026-10-09T14:24:20Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Marejeo */ 1606581 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Sandra L. Frankel headshot.jpg|thumb|Msimamizi wa Mji wa Brighton, New York]] '''Sandra L. Frankel''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Marekani]] aliyewahi kuwa msimamizi wa mji wa [[Brighton]], katika Kaunti ya [[Monroe, Louisiana|Monroe]], jimbo la [[New York]]. Aliwahi kuwa mwanachama wa bodi ya shule ya Brighton kwa miaka sita na Bodi ya Elimu ya BOCES I Monroe kwa miaka kumi. Katika bodi zote mbili, aliwahi kushika nafasi ya [[makamu wa rais]]. Frankel alihudumu kwa miaka 20 kama msimamizi wa mji, nafasi ya mtendaji anayechaguliwa na wananchi katika eneo la pembezoni mwa jiji lenye wakazi 35,000. Mwaka 1998, Frankel alishinda uteuzi wa Chama cha Kidemokrasia kugombea nafasi ya luteni gavana wa New York katika uchaguzi wa awali wa jimbo lote. Alishiriki katika uchaguzi mkuu akiwa mgombea mwenza wa Peter Vallone, ambaye wakati huo alikuwa Spika wa Baraza la Jiji la New York, lakini walishindwa. Mary Donohue wa Chama cha Republican alishinda nafasi ya luteni gavana akiwa mgombea mwenza wa George Pataki. Mwaka 2002, Frankel alitaka tena kugombea nafasi ya luteni gavana, lakini alijiondoa ili kuimarisha umoja ndani ya chama. Alimuunga mkono Dennis Mehiel, ambaye alishiriki katika uchaguzi mkuu akiwa mgombea mwenza wa Mdhibiti wa Fedha wa Jimbo Carl McCall, lakini walishindwa. Frankel alikuwa miongoni mwa watu waliotajwa kama wagombea waliowezekana katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 2010 wa wilaya ya 29 ya uchaguzi wa Bunge la Marekani katika jimbo la New York. Hata hivyo, alikataa kugombea na hivyo kumuachia Matthew Zeller nafasi ya kuendelea na kinyang'anyiro hicho. Mwaka 2011, Frankel alikuwa mgombea wa Chama cha Kidemokrasia katika uchaguzi wa mtendaji mkuu wa Kaunti ya Monroe. Alishindwa na Maggie Brooks, aliyekuwa tayari akishikilia nafasi hiyo, kwa matokeo ya asilimia 57 dhidi ya asilimia 43. Mwaka 2015, aliteuliwa tena na Chama cha Kidemokrasia kugombea nafasi ya mtendaji mkuu wa Kaunti ya Monroe. Alishindwa na Cheryl DiNolfo, karani wa kaunti, kwa matokeo ya asilimia 59 dhidi ya asilimia 41. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Marekani]] 23ecd4xvvxncdrplwk3y4gtqiqs7l25 0 253936 1606582 1606520 2026-10-09T14:24:48Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Marejeo */ 1606582 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gary Freeman''' ([[1937]]–[[2014]]) alikuwa [[mchongaji]] wa [[sanamu]] kutoka [[Indianapolis, Indiana]], [[Marekani]]. Alikuwa [[profesa]] mstaafu katika Chuo Kikuu cha Indiana–Purdue cha Indianapolis (IUPUI) na alihudumu kama mkuu wa Idara ya Uchongaji Sanamu katika Shule ya Sanaa ya Herron kwa miaka 33, kuanzia mwaka 1968 hadi alipostaafu mwaka 2001. Freeman alizaliwa [[Wellington]], [[Kansas]]. Alipata shahada ya kwanza ya sanaa za ubunifu mwaka 1961 kutoka [[Taasisi]] ya [[Sanaa]] ya Kansas City. Mwaka 1963, alipata shahada ya uzamili ya sanaa za ubunifu kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Tulane. Kati ya mwaka 1975 na 1990, Freeman alipokea tume saba za kuunda kazi za sanaa kutoka taasisi za umma na binafsi. Taasisi hizo zilijumuisha kampuni za Indianapolis kama Indiana Energy Inc., Indianapolis Heliport Corporation, Kituo cha Sanaa cha Indianapolis na Borns Management Company. Pia alipokea ruzuku saba, ikiwemo moja ya kusomea mbinu za uzalishaji wa chuma cha pua nchini Mexico na katika maeneo mbalimbali ya Ulaya. Kazi zake zimo katika mikusanyiko 23 ya sanaa ya umma na binafsi, ikiwemo Makumbusho ya Sanaa ya Indianapolis, Makumbusho ya Sanaa ya New Orleans, Taasisi ya Sanaa ya Kalamazoo na Shule ya Sanaa ya Newcomb katika Chuo Kikuu cha Tulane. Kwa zaidi ya miongo mitatu, Freeman alijulikana kwa kutengeneza kazi nyingi za sanaa katika eneo la Midwest na maeneo mengine. Mwandishi wa habari Marcus B. Chandler wa gazeti la ''Indianapolis Star'' alisema kuwa Freeman alikuwa miongoni mwa wasanii waliokuwa karibu zaidi kufikia kutambulika kitaifa katika sanaa za kisasa za ubunifu miongoni mwa wasanii walioishi Indianapolis. == Kazi == Kuanzia mwaka 1966 hadi 1968, Freeman alikuwa mkuu wa programu ya uchongaji sanamu katika Kituo cha Sanaa cha Kalamazoo, kilichoko Kalamazoo, Michigan. Mwaka 1968, aliajiriwa kuwa profesa na mkuu wa Idara ya Uchongaji Sanamu katika Shule ya Sanaa ya Herron ya Chuo Kikuu cha Indiana–Purdue cha Indianapolis kutokana na utaalamu wake katika kuyeyusha na kumimina metali ili kutengeneza sanamu. Mbali na kuongoza idara hiyo, Freeman alipewa jukumu la kuanzisha karakana ya kuyeyushia na kumiminia shaba kwa ajili ya wanafunzi. Alitarajia kuwa karakana hiyo ingewapa wanafunzi uzoefu wa vitendo katika uchongaji wa sanamu za metali na kuwawezesha kujaribu mbinu na vifaa mbalimbali ambavyo huenda wasingeweza kuvipata vinginevyo. Dira yake ilikuwa kuwawezesha wanafunzi kutumia mfumo wa kumimina metali ili kudhibiti utengenezaji wa sanamu za metali katika hatua zote za mchakato. Freeman aliamini kuwa mafanikio ya mchongaji wa sanamu za shaba yanaweza kutegemea upatikanaji wa vifaa na maeneo maalumu ya kufanyia kazi hiyo. Katika mahojiano na gazeti la ''Indianapolis Star'', Freeman alisema kuwa alijifunza kwamba mfumo wa kumimina metali humwezesha mchongaji kudhibiti zaidi utengenezaji wa sanamu, kuanzia hatua ya kuunda mfano hadi hatua ya mwisho ya kumalizia kazi. Alieleza kuwa kama msanii, hakuweza kupata mtu mwingine wa kutengeneza kazi zake kwa namna aliyotaka, hivyo alihitaji kuwa na udhibiti wa mchakato mzima wa uzalishaji. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2014]] [[Jamii:Wachongaji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:waliozaliwa 1937]] dayintdcffowjef7kgwa88xlxvqwcwc 0 253937 1606583 1606522 2026-10-09T14:25:12Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Marejeo */ 1606583 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Maj Gen Paul A. Friedrichs.jpg|thumb|Kazi ya kijeshi]] '''Paul A. Friedrichs''' ni [[meja]] [[jenerali]] mstaafu wa [[Jeshi]] la [[Anga]] la [[Marekani]] ambaye alihudumu mwisho kama [[daktari]] mkuu wa Kamati ya Pamoja ya Wakuu wa Majeshi. Hapo awali, alihudumu kama daktari mkuu wa Kamandi ya Mapigano ya Anga ya Jeshi la Anga la Marekani. Friedrichs alistaafu utumishi wa kijeshi mnamo Juni 2023. Baadaye, alihudumu kama mkurugenzi mkuu wa masuala ya usalama wa afya duniani na ulinzi dhidi ya vitisho vya kibayolojia katika Baraza la Usalama wa [[Taifa]] la Marekani. Alipangwa kuteuliwa kuwa mkuu wa kwanza wa [[taasisi]] mpya ya serikali iliyoitwa Ofisi ya Sera ya Maandalizi na Mwitikio wa Mlipuko wa Magonjwa, kuanzia tarehe [[7 Agosti]] 2023. == Majukumu ya kazi == # Juni 1990 – Juni 1991, daktari mwanafunzi katika mafunzo ya upasuaji, Kituo cha Matibabu cha Wilford Hall, Kambi ya Jeshi la Anga ya Lackland, Texas. # Julai 1991 – Juni 1992, daktari wa jumla, Kituo cha Matibabu cha Wilford Hall, Kambi ya Jeshi la Anga ya Lackland, Texas. # Juni 1992 – Juni 1997, daktari mkazi wa upasuaji wa mfumo wa mkojo, Kituo cha Matibabu cha Wilford Hall, Kambi ya Jeshi la Anga ya Lackland, Texas. # Julai 1997 – Oktoba 1997, naibu mkuu wa kitengo cha mfumo wa mkojo, Kundi la 89 la Matibabu, Kambi ya Jeshi la Anga ya Andrews, Maryland. # Novemba 1997 – Septemba 1999, mkuu wa kitengo cha mfumo wa mkojo, Kundi la 89 la Matibabu, Kambi ya Jeshi la Anga ya Andrews, Maryland. # Oktoba 1999 – Septemba 2000, mkuu wa usimamizi wa afya ya watu, Kundi la 89 la Matibabu, Kambi ya Jeshi la Anga ya Andrews, Maryland. # Oktoba 2000 – Julai 2001, mchambuzi katika Kitengo cha Mafao ya Afya na Sera, Ofisi ya Daktari Mkuu wa Jeshi la Anga, Makao Makuu ya Jeshi la Anga, Kambi ya Jeshi la Anga ya Bolling, Washington, D.C. # Agosti 2001 – Juni 2002, mkuu wa Tawi la Operesheni, Ofisi ya Daktari Mkuu wa Jeshi la Anga, Makao Makuu ya Jeshi la Anga, Kambi ya Jeshi la Anga ya Bolling, Washington, D.C. # Julai 2002 – Mei 2003, mkuu wa Kitengo cha Uboreshaji na Ujumuishaji, Wakala wa Operesheni za Matibabu wa Jeshi la Anga, Kambi ya Jeshi la Anga ya Bolling, Washington, D.C. # Mei 2003 – Mei 2005, kamanda wa Kikosi cha 56 cha Operesheni za Matibabu, Kambi ya Jeshi la Anga ya Luke, Arizona. Kuanzia Septemba 2004 hadi Januari 2005, alikuwa kamanda wa Kikosi cha 332 cha Operesheni za Matibabu ya Anga katika Kambi ya Jeshi la Anga ya Balad, Iraq. # Juni 2005 – Aprili 2006, mkuu wa matawi ya huduma za matibabu ya anga na huduma za kitabibu, Makao Makuu ya Kamandi ya Anga za Juu ya Jeshi la Anga, Kambi ya Jeshi la Anga ya Peterson, Colorado. # Mei 2006 – Julai 2007, mkuu wa Kitengo cha Operesheni za Matibabu, Makao Makuu ya Kamandi ya Anga za Juu ya Jeshi la Anga, Kambi ya Jeshi la Anga ya Peterson, Colorado. # Agosti 2007 – Juni 2008, mwanafunzi katika Chuo cha Kitaifa cha Vita, Fort McNair, Washington, D.C. # Agosti 2008 – Julai 2010, kamanda wa Kundi la 3 la Matibabu, Mrengo wa 3, Kambi ya Jeshi la Anga ya Elmendorf, Alaska. # Julai 2010 – Julai 2011, kamanda wa Kundi la 673 la Matibabu, Mrengo wa 673 wa Kambi ya Jeshi la Anga, Kambi ya Pamoja ya Elmendorf-Richardson, Alaska. # Julai 2011 – Julai 2014, daktari mkuu wa Kamandi ya Vikosi vya Anga vya Pasifiki vya Marekani, Kambi ya Pamoja ya Pearl Harbor-Hickam, Hawaii. # Julai 2014 – Juni 2016, naibu kamanda wa Wakala wa Operesheni za Matibabu wa Jeshi la Anga, Kambi ya Pamoja ya San Antonio, Lackland, Texas. # Januari 2015 – Juni 2015, mwenyekiti wa Kikosi Kazi cha Pamoja kuhusu Mashirika yenye Uaminifu wa Juu, Ofisi ya Naibu Waziri wa Ulinzi anayeshughulikia Masuala ya Afya, Washington, D.C. # Juni 2016 – Julai 2018, daktari mkuu wa Kamandi ya Usafirishaji ya Marekani, Kambi ya Jeshi la Anga ya Scott, Illinois. # Julai 2018 – Julai 2019, daktari mkuu wa Kamandi ya Mapigano ya Anga, Kambi ya Pamoja ya Langley-Eustis, Virginia. # Julai 2019 – wakati wa taarifa ya chanzo, daktari mkuu wa Kamati ya Pamoja ya Wakuu wa Majeshi, Pentagon, Arlington, Virginia. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanajeshi wa Marekani]] 7bsixll57fjnbx48sc3hjl6evg4n71e 0 253938 1606584 1606524 2026-10-09T14:26:37Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Marejeo */ 1606584 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fernando de Fuentes Carrau''' ([[13 Desemba]] [[1894]] – [[4 Julai]] [[1958]]) alikuwa [[mkurugenzi]] wa [[filamu]] kutoka [[Meksiko]], anayetambuliwa kama mmoja wa waanzilishi wa tasnia ya filamu duniani. Anajulikana zaidi kwa kuongoza filamu za ''El prisionero trece'', ''El compadre Mendoza'' na ''Vámonos con Pancho Villa'', ambazo zote ni sehemu ya trilojia yake ya Mapinduzi kuhusu Mapinduzi ya Meksiko. == Wasifu == === Maisha ya awali na elimu === De Fuentes Carrau alizaliwa katika jiji la [[Veracruz (jimbo)|Veracruz]] tarehe 13 Desemba 1894 na alitumia sehemu ya kipindi cha ujana wake huko Monterrey. Alisomea falsafa na uhandisi katika Chuo Kikuu cha Tulane kilichopo [[New Orleans]]. === Kazi === Aliporejea Meksiko, alifanya kazi kama msaidizi mtendaji wa Venustiano Carranza wakati wa Mapinduzi ya Meksiko. Baada ya kufunga ndoa mwaka 1919, alihamia Washington, D.C., na kufanya kazi katika Ubalozi wa Meksiko. Aliporejea Meksiko, aliandika mashairi na kujihusisha na uandishi wa habari kama shughuli ya ziada. Pia alifanya kazi katika tasnia ya filamu, hasa katika usambazaji na uonyeshaji wa filamu. Mwaka 1932, alitengeneza filamu yake ya kwanza, ''El Anónimo'', na mwaka huohuo akatengeneza ''Una Vida por Otra''. Mwaka 1933, alitengeneza filamu za ''El prisionero trece'', ''La calandria'', ''El Tigre de Yautepec'' na ''El compadre Mendoza''. Filamu ya ''El compadre Mendoza'' inachukuliwa kuwa mojawapo ya kazi zake bora na ni sehemu ya trilojia ya Mapinduzi ya Meksiko, pamoja na ''Vámonos con Pancho Villa'' na ''El prisionero trece''. Mwaka 1934, aliongoza filamu za ''El Fantasma del Convento'' na ''Cruz Diablo''. Mwaka 1935, alitengeneza ''Vámonos con Pancho Villa'' na ''La Familia Dressel''. Mwaka 1936, aliongoza ''Las Mujeres Mandan'' pamoja na filamu ''Allá en el Rancho Grande'', ambayo ikawa mojawapo ya filamu zilizofanikiwa zaidi katika historia ya sinema ya Meksiko. Filamu ya ''Allá en el Rancho Grande'' ilisaidia kuanzisha aina mpya ya filamu za vichekesho zinazohusiana na maisha ya mashambani, zinazojulikana kama comedia ranchera. Kwa kazi hiyo, alitunukiwa Medalla al Mérito Cinematográfico na Rais Lázaro Cárdenas. Mwaka 1938, filamu hiyo ilishinda nafasi ya kwanza katika Tamasha la Filamu la Venice. Ilikuwa filamu ya kwanza ya Meksiko kupata tuzo ya kimataifa. Gazeti la ''The New York Times'' lilimwelezea kama “John Ford wa Meksiko”. De Fuentes alitambuliwa kuwa mmoja wa watengenezaji filamu wenye vipaji vikubwa zaidi katika kipindi cha mwanzo cha sinema za Meksiko zilizotumia sauti. Trilojia yake ya kusikitisha iliyowekwa katika kipindi cha Mapinduzi ya Meksiko huenda ndiyo ilikuwa mafanikio yake makubwa zaidi. ''El prisionero trece'' ya mwaka 1933, yenye muda wa dakika 76, inasimulia kuhusu mtoto anayeteseka kutokana na makosa ya baba yake na mama anayejitahidi kwa kila njia kuokoa maisha ya mwanawe. ''El compadre Mendoza'' ya mwaka 1933, yenye muda wa dakika 85, inachunguza jinsi malengo ya Mapinduzi yalivyoharibiwa kupitia hadithi ya mwenye ardhi anayejali maslahi yake binafsi. Mhusika huyo analazimika kuchagua kati ya kuendelea kuwa mwaminifu kwa jenerali wa jeshi la Zapata na kukabiliwa na hasara ya kifedha, au kujiokoa mwenyewe. Filamu ya mwisho katika trilojia hiyo, ''Vámonos con Pancho Villa'' ya mwaka 1936, yenye muda wa dakika 92, inasimulia matukio ya vijana sita wanaoacha makazi yao ya vijijini na kujiunga na jeshi la Pancho Villa. Katika safari yao, wanakabiliwa na ugumu wa maisha, vifo na kupoteza matumaini kuhusu Mapinduzi. Filamu hiyo ilipigwa picha na Gabriel Figueroa, ambaye alitambuliwa kama mmoja wa wapiga picha wa filamu nyeusi na nyeupe wenye vipaji vikubwa duniani. [[Filamu]] zake zilihusisha takribani aina zote kuu za filamu, zikiwemo drama, vichekesho, filamu za kutisha, filamu za familia, filamu za kihistoria, filamu za zamani zilizotambuliwa kama kazi bora, na filamu za hali halisi. === Ndoa na watoto === De Fuentes alifunga ndoa na Magdalena Reyes Moran mwaka 1919 katika jiji la San Antonio, Texas, Marekani. Walipata watoto wawili, Magdalena na Fernando. === Kifo === Fernando de Fuentes alifariki tarehe 4 Julai 1958 katika Jiji la Meksiko akiwa na umri wa miaka 63. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1958]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1894]] [[Jamii:Waongozaji filamu wa Meksiko]] 74502qulz4zxm7bvrgps9hodai9ggnu 0 253939 1606585 1606527 2026-10-09T14:27:53Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1606585 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Meagan Elise Fuller''' (alizaliwa [[25 Septemba]] [[1992]]) ni [[mwanamke]] wa [[Marekani]] aliyeshinda mataji ya mashindano ya [[urembo]]. Anatoka [[Attleboro, Massachusetts]]. Alitangazwa kuwa Junior Miss wa Massachusetts mwaka 2010 na kutawazwa Miss Massachusetts mwaka 2015. Alishiriki mashindano ya Miss America 2016 mwezi Septemba 2015. == Kazi katika mashindano ya urembo == === Mashindano ya awali === Fuller alianza kushiriki mashindano ya urembo akiwa na umri wa miaka 10. Alipokuwa kijana, alichaguliwa kuwa Junior Miss wa Massachusetts mwaka 2010 na kupata zawadi za ufadhili wa masomo zenye thamani ya [[dola]] 3,600. Aliposhiriki mashindano ya kitaifa, alifika katika orodha ya washiriki 10 bora wa programu ya Distinguished Young Women of America ya mwaka 2010, iliyofanyika katika Kituo cha Wananchi cha Mobile, jijini Mobile, Alabama. Tarehe 10 Machi 2013, Fuller alishinda taji la Miss Plymouth County 2013. Akiwa mmoja wa washiriki 21 waliofuzu, alishiriki mashindano ya Miss Massachusetts mwaka 2013. Kaulimbiu yake ilikuwa “Kukabiliana na Kuacha Shule: Kukuza Mafanikio ya Vijana Shuleni” na katika sehemu ya vipaji alicheza dansi ya jazz. Alimaliza katika nafasi ya pili baada ya mshindi Amanda Narciso na kupata zawadi za ufadhili wa masomo zenye thamani ya dola 1,400. Kwa kuwa alikuwa mshindi wa pili, Fuller aliwakilisha Massachusetts katika mashindano ya National Sweetheart ya mwaka 2013 yaliyofanyika Hoopeston, Illinois. Alimaliza katika nafasi ya pili katika mashindano hayo ya kitaifa. Tarehe 16 Februari 2014, Fuller alishinda taji la Miss Boston 2014. Pia alishinda tuzo za kipaji bora na upigaji picha. Alishiriki mashindano ya Miss Massachusetts ya mwaka 2014, akitumia kaulimbiu ileile ya kuhamasisha vijana kufanikiwa shuleni na kuonyesha kipaji chake cha kucheza dansi. Alimaliza katika nafasi ya nne baada ya mshindi Lauren Kuhn na kupata ufadhili wa masomo wenye thamani ya dola 1,800. === Miss Massachusetts 2015 === Mwezi Machi 2015, Fuller alitawazwa kuwa Miss Collegiate Area 2015, jambo lililomwezesha kufuzu kushiriki mashindano ya jimbo kwa mara ya tatu. Mwishoni mwa Juni 2015, alishiriki mashindano ya Miss Massachusetts yaliyofanyika katika Ukumbi wa Hanover wa Sanaa za Maonyesho jijini Worcester. Alikuwa mmoja wa washiriki 23 waliofuzu kuwania taji hilo. Kipaji chake katika mashindano hayo kilikuwa kucheza dansi ya jazz kwa kutumia wimbo ''Feeling Good'', ulioimbwa na Jennifer Hudson. Kaulimbiu yake ilikuwa “Kwa Manufaa ya Wote: Kukuza Huduma za Afya za Kuzuia Magonjwa”. Fuller alishinda mashindano hayo Jumapili, tarehe 28 Juni 2015, na kupokea taji kutoka kwa Lauren Kuhn, aliyekuwa akimaliza muda wake kama Miss Massachusetts. Alipata zaidi ya dola 11,250 katika fedha za ufadhili wa masomo na zawadi nyingine kutoka katika mashindano hayo ya jimbo. Akiwa Miss Massachusetts, shughuli zake zilijumuisha kuhudhuria na kushiriki katika matukio mbalimbali ya umma katika jimbo lote la Massachusetts. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1992]] [[Jamii:wanamitindo wa Marekani]] 1qqcx1mhxkv6892cgzo799a6kr922ni 0 253940 1606586 1606530 2026-10-09T14:28:33Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Marejeo */ 1606586 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:United States Chargé d'affaires to The Bahamas Kimberly Furnish.jpg|thumb|Official portrait, 2024]] '''Kimberly Furnish''' ni [[mwanadiplomasia]] wa [[Marekani]] ambaye amekuwa akihudumu kama Naibu Mkuu wa Ujumbe wa Kidiplomasia nchini [[Bahama|Bahamas]] tangu Juni [[2024]]. Kabla ya kufanya kazi nchini Bahamas, alihudumu katika balozi na konseli mbalimbali za Marekani, ambako alipewa jukumu la kuwalinda raia wa Marekani, wakiwemo wale waliohudhuria [[Michezo ya Olimpiki]] ya Majira ya Baridi ya mwaka 2018. == Maisha ya awali == Kimberly Furnish alihitimu kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Tulane akiwa na shahada ya kwanza. == Kazi == Furnish aliwahi kuwa [[Mkurugenzi]] wa Huduma kwa Raia wa Marekani na Usimamizi wa Migogoro katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Marekani. Katika nafasi hiyo, alikuwa na jukumu la kuwalinda raia wa Marekani waliokuwa nje ya nchi. Katika Konseli ya Marekani iliyopo [[Karachi]], [[Pakistani|Pakistan]], alihudumu kama ataşe wa Kimataifa wa Kupambana na Dawa za Kulevya na Utekelezaji wa [[Sheria]]. Nchini [[Korea Kusini|Korea Kusini,]] Furnish alikuwa Mkuu wa Huduma kwa Raia wa Marekani katika Ubalozi wa Marekani. Pia alifanya kazi katika balozi za Marekani zilizopo Melbourne, Seoul, Bogotá na Curaçao. Aidha, amefanya kazi katika Ofisi ya Masuala ya Kibalozi na Ofisi ya Masuala ya [[Afrika]]. Mwaka 2018, Furnish aliongoza timu iliyokuwa na jukumu la kutoa huduma kwa raia wa Marekani waliotembelea Korea Kusini kwa ajili ya Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Majira ya Baridi ya mwaka huo. Pia alikuwa afisa aliyeratibu shughuli za Makamu wa Rais Mike Pence wakati wa michezo hiyo. Furnish alianza kuhudumu kama kaimu mkuu wa ujumbe wa kidiplomasia wa Marekani nchini Bahamas mwezi Juni 2024. Wakati wa utumishi wake, Ubalozi wa Marekani nchini Bahamas ulihamishwa kutoka Queen Street kwenda katika jengo jipya la ubalozi. Amekosoa ushirikiano wa kimataifa wa Cuba katika utoaji wa huduma za matibabu na kuushutumu kwa kuwa na matatizo yanayohusiana na haki za binadamu. Rais Donald Trump alimteua Herschel Walker kuwa mgombea wa nafasi ya balozi wa Marekani nchini Bahamas. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:wanadiplomasia wa Marekani]] qcdrv6cnv4gzvk9sick83y2t0c5z1m6 0 253941 1606533 2026-10-09T12:33:07Z Ladygoody 92634 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Janina R. Galler''' ni [[profesa]] wa [[magonjwa]] ya [[akili]] katika Shule ya Tiba ya [[Chuo Kikuu cha Harvard|Harvard]] na daktari bingwa wa magonjwa ya akili katika Kitengo cha [[Saikolojia]] ya Kimataifa cha Chester M. Pierce, MD, katika Hospitali Kuu ya [[Massachusetts]]. Alikuwa mmoja wa waanzilishi wa Utafiti wa Lishe wa Barbados, uliofanyika kwa kipindi cha miaka 45 katika Visiwa vya Antili Ndogo, Amerika, pamoja na marehemu Dkt. Sir Frank C....' 1606533 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Janina R. Galler''' ni [[profesa]] wa [[magonjwa]] ya [[akili]] katika Shule ya Tiba ya [[Chuo Kikuu cha Harvard|Harvard]] na daktari bingwa wa magonjwa ya akili katika Kitengo cha [[Saikolojia]] ya Kimataifa cha Chester M. Pierce, MD, katika Hospitali Kuu ya [[Massachusetts]]. Alikuwa mmoja wa waanzilishi wa Utafiti wa Lishe wa Barbados, uliofanyika kwa kipindi cha miaka 45 katika Visiwa vya Antili Ndogo, Amerika, pamoja na marehemu Dkt. Sir Frank C. Ramsey. Ramsey alipewa cheo cha usir kutokana na juhudi zao za pamoja katika kuondoa utapiamlo nchini Barbados. Dkt. Galler amekuwa mkurugenzi wa utafiti huo tangu mwaka 1973. Utafiti wa Lishe wa Barbados ni utafiti wa kipekee wa muda mrefu ambao umeonyesha jinsi umaskini na hali duni za maisha zinazorithishwa kutoka kizazi kimoja hadi kingine zinavyohusiana na utapiamlo wa utotoni na changamoto nyingine zinazowakumba watoto. Kipengele kipya cha utafiti wake kinahusu epijenetiki, yaani mabadiliko katika namna jeni zinavyojieleza bila kubadilisha muundo wa DNA. Utafiti huu unachunguza mifumo inayoweza kurekebishwa ambayo inaeleza jinsi utapiamlo wa mapema unavyoweza kubadilisha tabia na afya katika maisha yote na katika vizazi mbalimbali. Mwaka 1984, Galler alichapisha kitabu ''Nutrition and Behavior'', ambacho kilikuwa sehemu ya tatu katika mfululizo wa vitabu vitano uitwao ''Human Nutrition: A Comprehensive Treatise''. Ameandika machapisho zaidi ya 200 na kuhariri vitabu viwili kuhusu lishe na tabia. Pia ni mtafiti katika fani ya magonjwa ya mfumo wa chakula na lishe kwa watoto katika Hospitali Kuu ya Massachusetts na Kituo cha Maendeleo ya Mtoto cha Chuo Kikuu cha Harvard. Hapo awali, alikuwa mwanasayansi mkuu katika Kituo cha Watoto cha Judge Baker cha Shule ya Tiba ya Harvard, kilichopo katika eneo la Longwood Medical Area mjini Boston. Galler amepokea ufadhili wa utafiti bila kukatizwa kwa zaidi ya miaka 30 kutoka Taasisi za Kitaifa za Afya za Marekani. Katika kipindi cha kazi yake, alihudumu kama mjumbe na mwenyekiti wa Baraza la Kitaifa la Ushauri la Taasisi ya Eunice K. Shriver ya Afya ya Mtoto na Maendeleo ya Binadamu. Pia alikuwa mjumbe wa Baraza la Ushauri la Mkurugenzi wa Taasisi za Kitaifa za Afya. Aidha, alikuwa Rais wa Chama cha Wahitimu wa Chuo cha Tiba cha Albert Einstein kuanzia mwaka 2016 hadi 2020. == Elimu == * Chuo cha Sophie Newcomb katika Chuo Kikuu cha Tulane, alisomea kemia na falsafa na kuhitimu kwa heshima ya juu zaidi (summa cum laude), kuanzia mwaka 1967 hadi 1969. * Chuo cha Tiba cha Albert Einstein, alipata shahada ya Udaktari wa Tiba mwaka 1972. * Hospitali Kuu ya Massachusetts, alianza mafunzo ya udaktari wa ubingwa katika magonjwa ya akili na magonjwa ya akili kwa watoto tarehe 1 Julai 1972. Mbali na Kiingereza, Galler huzungumza na kuandika kwa Kihispania cha Castile, Kiebrania, Kireno, Kiswidi na Kiyidi. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Maprofesa]] [[Jamii:Madaktari]] t4nv8v4zcndw1zxzulkgobilhw7nr9s 0 253942 1606534 2026-10-09T12:36:25Z Ladygoody 92634 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Clifton L. Ganus Jr.''' ([[7 Aprili]] [[1922]] – [[9 Septemba]] [[2019]]) alikuwa [[Mwanateolojia|mwanatheolojia]] na [[mwalimu]] kutoka [[Marekani]]. Alihudumu kama [[rais]] wa tatu wa Chuo cha Harding kilichopo Searcy, [[Arkansas]], kuanzia mwaka 1965 hadi 1987. Alihusishwa kwa karibu na Programu ya Kitaifa ya Elimu, shirika lenye misimamo ya kihafidhina ndani ya chuo hicho ambalo baadaye lilijulikana kama Programu ya Masomo ya Marekani. Ganus na Ra...' 1606534 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Clifton L. Ganus Jr.''' ([[7 Aprili]] [[1922]] – [[9 Septemba]] [[2019]]) alikuwa [[Mwanateolojia|mwanatheolojia]] na [[mwalimu]] kutoka [[Marekani]]. Alihudumu kama [[rais]] wa tatu wa Chuo cha Harding kilichopo Searcy, [[Arkansas]], kuanzia mwaka 1965 hadi 1987. Alihusishwa kwa karibu na Programu ya Kitaifa ya Elimu, shirika lenye misimamo ya kihafidhina ndani ya chuo hicho ambalo baadaye lilijulikana kama Programu ya Masomo ya Marekani. Ganus na Rais Benson waliendelea kuhusika na kundi hilo hadi mwaka 1954, walipojiondoa ili chuo kiweze kupata ithibati rasmi. Hapo awali, alikuwa [[profesa]] wa historia, mwenyekiti wa idara ya historia na sayansi ya jamii, na makamu wa rais wa chuo hicho. Ganus alifariki mjini Searcy, Arkansas, Septemba 2019 akiwa na umri wa miaka 97. == Maisha ya awali == Ganus alizaliwa Hillsboro, [[Texas]], mwezi Aprili [[1922]]. Mwaka 1929, familia yake ilihamia [[New Orleans]], ambako baba yake alianzisha kampuni ya Finest Foods, Incorporated. Kampuni hiyo ilikuza biashara yenye mafanikio ya migahawa na mikahawa ya kujihudumia, pamoja na biashara ya usambazaji wa sandwichi. Ganus alijiunga na Chuo cha Harding mwaka 1939, ambako alisomea Biblia na historia. Alihitimu Mei 1943 na akahubiri katika Charleston, Mississippi, kwa miaka miwili kabla ya kujiunga na Chuo Kikuu cha Tulane mjini New Orleans. Alipata shahada ya uzamili mwaka 1946 na baadaye shahada ya uzamivu katika historia kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Tulane mwaka 1953. == Kazi == Ganus alirejea Chuo cha Harding mwaka 1946 kufundisha historia na Biblia. Alihudumu kama mwenyekiti wa Idara ya Historia na makamu wa rais wa chuo hicho kuanzia mwaka 1955 hadi 1965. Mwaka 1965, alichukua nafasi ya urais wa Chuo cha Harding baada ya George S. Benson kustaafu, na aliendelea kuhudumu hadi mwaka 1987. Alianzisha mashirika ya Baraza la Maendeleo la Rais na Wanawake Washirika wa Harding, yaliyolenga kuhamasisha wanafunzi kujiunga na chuo, kuchangisha fedha na kukiwakilisha chuo hicho katika shughuli mbalimbali. Chini ya uongozi wake, Chuo cha Harding kilipata hadhi ya chuo kikuu mwaka 1979. Pia, programu mpya zilianzishwa, zikiwemo programu ya utafiti wa NASA, programu ya kazi za kijamii, programu ya Mawasiliano ya Kikristo kwa ajili ya mafunzo ya wahubiri, programu ya uuguzi, shahada ya Udaktari wa Huduma za Kikristo katika Shule ya Uzamili ya Dini ya Harding iliyopo Memphis, ambayo sasa inajulikana kama Shule ya Theolojia ya Harding, programu ya masomo nchini Italia na programu ya Wasomi wa Walton. Ganus alikuwa miongoni mwa watu waliochangia kurejeshwa kwa michezo ya mashindano kati ya vyuo katika Harding mwaka 1957, na alikuwa mmoja wa wafuasi wakubwa wa timu za michezo za Bisons. Kwa kutambua mchango wake, bodi ya wadhamini ilipa jengo la michezo na elimu ya viungo jina lake alipostaafu urais wa chuo kikuu mwaka 1987. Jengo hilo likajulikana kama Kituo cha Michezo cha Ganus. Mwaka 1969, kutokana na shinikizo kutoka kwa makundi ya wanafunzi, Ganus alipanga kuajiri walimu Weusi. Hata hivyo, aliendelea na sera ya kuwajulisha wazazi wa wanafunzi waliohusika katika mahusiano ya kimapenzi kati ya watu wa rangi tofauti. Mwaka 1987, Ganus akawa chansela wa kwanza wa Chuo Kikuu cha Harding. Baada ya kuondoka katika nafasi ya urais wa Harding, Ganus alisafiri katika nchi mbalimbali, akatoa mihadhara katika vyuo vikuu vya Romania na China, na kuiwakilisha Kanisa la Kristo mbele ya maafisa wa serikali nchini Uganda na Poland. Mwaka 1994, baada ya kusaidia kupata ruhusa ya serikali kwa kundi la wahitimu wa Harding kwenda kufanya kazi za kimisionari mjini Jinja, Uganda, alianzisha na kufadhili shule ya sekondari ya Kikristo huko Nawangoma, Uganda. Alitembelea nchi hiyo mara 27. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1922]] [[Jamii:Wanateolojia]] 0eyj7ss91pix4bag2bjrt2231fzu5vw 1606535 1606534 2026-10-09T12:37:06Z Ladygoody 92634 1606535 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Dr. Clifton L. Ganus Jr..jpg|thumb|Clifton L. Ganus Jr.]] '''Clifton L. Ganus Jr.''' ([[7 Aprili]] [[1922]] – [[9 Septemba]] [[2019]]) alikuwa [[Mwanateolojia|mwanatheolojia]] na [[mwalimu]] kutoka [[Marekani]]. Alihudumu kama [[rais]] wa tatu wa Chuo cha Harding kilichopo Searcy, [[Arkansas]], kuanzia mwaka 1965 hadi 1987. Alihusishwa kwa karibu na Programu ya Kitaifa ya Elimu, shirika lenye misimamo ya kihafidhina ndani ya chuo hicho ambalo baadaye lilijulikana kama Programu ya Masomo ya Marekani. Ganus na Rais Benson waliendelea kuhusika na kundi hilo hadi mwaka 1954, walipojiondoa ili chuo kiweze kupata ithibati rasmi. Hapo awali, alikuwa [[profesa]] wa historia, mwenyekiti wa idara ya historia na sayansi ya jamii, na makamu wa rais wa chuo hicho. Ganus alifariki mjini Searcy, Arkansas, Septemba 2019 akiwa na umri wa miaka 97. == Maisha ya awali == Ganus alizaliwa Hillsboro, [[Texas]], mwezi Aprili [[1922]]. Mwaka 1929, familia yake ilihamia [[New Orleans]], ambako baba yake alianzisha kampuni ya Finest Foods, Incorporated. Kampuni hiyo ilikuza biashara yenye mafanikio ya migahawa na mikahawa ya kujihudumia, pamoja na biashara ya usambazaji wa sandwichi. Ganus alijiunga na Chuo cha Harding mwaka 1939, ambako alisomea Biblia na historia. Alihitimu Mei 1943 na akahubiri katika Charleston, Mississippi, kwa miaka miwili kabla ya kujiunga na Chuo Kikuu cha Tulane mjini New Orleans. Alipata shahada ya uzamili mwaka 1946 na baadaye shahada ya uzamivu katika historia kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Tulane mwaka 1953. == Kazi == Ganus alirejea Chuo cha Harding mwaka 1946 kufundisha historia na Biblia. Alihudumu kama mwenyekiti wa Idara ya Historia na makamu wa rais wa chuo hicho kuanzia mwaka 1955 hadi 1965. Mwaka 1965, alichukua nafasi ya urais wa Chuo cha Harding baada ya George S. Benson kustaafu, na aliendelea kuhudumu hadi mwaka 1987. Alianzisha mashirika ya Baraza la Maendeleo la Rais na Wanawake Washirika wa Harding, yaliyolenga kuhamasisha wanafunzi kujiunga na chuo, kuchangisha fedha na kukiwakilisha chuo hicho katika shughuli mbalimbali. Chini ya uongozi wake, Chuo cha Harding kilipata hadhi ya chuo kikuu mwaka 1979. Pia, programu mpya zilianzishwa, zikiwemo programu ya utafiti wa NASA, programu ya kazi za kijamii, programu ya Mawasiliano ya Kikristo kwa ajili ya mafunzo ya wahubiri, programu ya uuguzi, shahada ya Udaktari wa Huduma za Kikristo katika Shule ya Uzamili ya Dini ya Harding iliyopo Memphis, ambayo sasa inajulikana kama Shule ya Theolojia ya Harding, programu ya masomo nchini Italia na programu ya Wasomi wa Walton. Ganus alikuwa miongoni mwa watu waliochangia kurejeshwa kwa michezo ya mashindano kati ya vyuo katika Harding mwaka 1957, na alikuwa mmoja wa wafuasi wakubwa wa timu za michezo za Bisons. Kwa kutambua mchango wake, bodi ya wadhamini ilipa jengo la michezo na elimu ya viungo jina lake alipostaafu urais wa chuo kikuu mwaka 1987. Jengo hilo likajulikana kama Kituo cha Michezo cha Ganus. Mwaka 1969, kutokana na shinikizo kutoka kwa makundi ya wanafunzi, Ganus alipanga kuajiri walimu Weusi. Hata hivyo, aliendelea na sera ya kuwajulisha wazazi wa wanafunzi waliohusika katika mahusiano ya kimapenzi kati ya watu wa rangi tofauti. Mwaka 1987, Ganus akawa chansela wa kwanza wa Chuo Kikuu cha Harding. Baada ya kuondoka katika nafasi ya urais wa Harding, Ganus alisafiri katika nchi mbalimbali, akatoa mihadhara katika vyuo vikuu vya Romania na China, na kuiwakilisha Kanisa la Kristo mbele ya maafisa wa serikali nchini Uganda na Poland. Mwaka 1994, baada ya kusaidia kupata ruhusa ya serikali kwa kundi la wahitimu wa Harding kwenda kufanya kazi za kimisionari mjini Jinja, Uganda, alianzisha na kufadhili shule ya sekondari ya Kikristo huko Nawangoma, Uganda. Alitembelea nchi hiyo mara 27. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1922]] [[Jamii:Wanateolojia]] hooy8xolxl7k4lp28r1phqj41agsynj 1606587 1606535 2026-10-09T14:29:24Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Marejeo */ 1606587 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Dr. Clifton L. Ganus Jr..jpg|thumb|Clifton L. Ganus Jr.]] '''Clifton L. Ganus Jr.''' ([[7 Aprili]] [[1922]] – [[9 Septemba]] [[2019]]) alikuwa [[Mwanateolojia|mwanatheolojia]] na [[mwalimu]] kutoka [[Marekani]]. Alihudumu kama [[rais]] wa tatu wa Chuo cha Harding kilichopo Searcy, [[Arkansas]], kuanzia mwaka 1965 hadi 1987. Alihusishwa kwa karibu na Programu ya Kitaifa ya Elimu, shirika lenye misimamo ya kihafidhina ndani ya chuo hicho ambalo baadaye lilijulikana kama Programu ya Masomo ya Marekani. Ganus na Rais Benson waliendelea kuhusika na kundi hilo hadi mwaka 1954, walipojiondoa ili chuo kiweze kupata ithibati rasmi. Hapo awali, alikuwa [[profesa]] wa historia, mwenyekiti wa idara ya historia na sayansi ya jamii, na makamu wa rais wa chuo hicho. Ganus alifariki mjini Searcy, Arkansas, Septemba 2019 akiwa na umri wa miaka 97. == Maisha ya awali == Ganus alizaliwa Hillsboro, [[Texas]], mwezi Aprili [[1922]]. Mwaka 1929, familia yake ilihamia [[New Orleans]], ambako baba yake alianzisha kampuni ya Finest Foods, Incorporated. Kampuni hiyo ilikuza biashara yenye mafanikio ya migahawa na mikahawa ya kujihudumia, pamoja na biashara ya usambazaji wa sandwichi. Ganus alijiunga na Chuo cha Harding mwaka 1939, ambako alisomea Biblia na historia. Alihitimu Mei 1943 na akahubiri katika Charleston, Mississippi, kwa miaka miwili kabla ya kujiunga na Chuo Kikuu cha Tulane mjini New Orleans. Alipata shahada ya uzamili mwaka 1946 na baadaye shahada ya uzamivu katika historia kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Tulane mwaka 1953. == Kazi == Ganus alirejea Chuo cha Harding mwaka 1946 kufundisha historia na Biblia. Alihudumu kama mwenyekiti wa Idara ya Historia na makamu wa rais wa chuo hicho kuanzia mwaka 1955 hadi 1965. Mwaka 1965, alichukua nafasi ya urais wa Chuo cha Harding baada ya George S. Benson kustaafu, na aliendelea kuhudumu hadi mwaka 1987. Alianzisha mashirika ya Baraza la Maendeleo la Rais na Wanawake Washirika wa Harding, yaliyolenga kuhamasisha wanafunzi kujiunga na chuo, kuchangisha fedha na kukiwakilisha chuo hicho katika shughuli mbalimbali. Chini ya uongozi wake, Chuo cha Harding kilipata hadhi ya chuo kikuu mwaka 1979. Pia, programu mpya zilianzishwa, zikiwemo programu ya utafiti wa NASA, programu ya kazi za kijamii, programu ya Mawasiliano ya Kikristo kwa ajili ya mafunzo ya wahubiri, programu ya uuguzi, shahada ya Udaktari wa Huduma za Kikristo katika Shule ya Uzamili ya Dini ya Harding iliyopo Memphis, ambayo sasa inajulikana kama Shule ya Theolojia ya Harding, programu ya masomo nchini Italia na programu ya Wasomi wa Walton. Ganus alikuwa miongoni mwa watu waliochangia kurejeshwa kwa michezo ya mashindano kati ya vyuo katika Harding mwaka 1957, na alikuwa mmoja wa wafuasi wakubwa wa timu za michezo za Bisons. Kwa kutambua mchango wake, bodi ya wadhamini ilipa jengo la michezo na elimu ya viungo jina lake alipostaafu urais wa chuo kikuu mwaka 1987. Jengo hilo likajulikana kama Kituo cha Michezo cha Ganus. Mwaka 1969, kutokana na shinikizo kutoka kwa makundi ya wanafunzi, Ganus alipanga kuajiri walimu Weusi. Hata hivyo, aliendelea na sera ya kuwajulisha wazazi wa wanafunzi waliohusika katika mahusiano ya kimapenzi kati ya watu wa rangi tofauti. Mwaka 1987, Ganus akawa chansela wa kwanza wa Chuo Kikuu cha Harding. Baada ya kuondoka katika nafasi ya urais wa Harding, Ganus alisafiri katika nchi mbalimbali, akatoa mihadhara katika vyuo vikuu vya Romania na China, na kuiwakilisha Kanisa la Kristo mbele ya maafisa wa serikali nchini Uganda na Poland. Mwaka 1994, baada ya kusaidia kupata ruhusa ya serikali kwa kundi la wahitimu wa Harding kwenda kufanya kazi za kimisionari mjini Jinja, Uganda, alianzisha na kufadhili shule ya sekondari ya Kikristo huko Nawangoma, Uganda. Alitembelea nchi hiyo mara 27. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1922]] [[Jamii:waliofariki 2019]] [[Jamii:Wanateolojia wa Marekani]] 1vzk44o62zc5edtnhv2i48pwz3qdwre 0 253943 1606536 2026-10-09T12:39:46Z Ladygoody 92634 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Kenan Christopher Garcia''' (pia anajulikana kama K. Christopher Garcia) ni [[mwanasayansi]] wa [[Marekani]] anayejulikana kwa utafiti wake kuhusu biolojia ya molekuli na muundo wa vipokezi vilivyo kwenye uso wa seli. Garcia ni [[profesa]] katika Idara za [[Fiziolojia]] ya Molekuli na Seli pamoja na Biolojia ya Kimuundo katika Shule ya Tiba ya Chuo Kikuu cha [[Stanford]]. Pia ni mtafiti wa [[Taasisi]] ya [[Tiba]] ya Howard Hughes na mwanachama wa Vyuo v...' 1606536 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kenan Christopher Garcia''' (pia anajulikana kama K. Christopher Garcia) ni [[mwanasayansi]] wa [[Marekani]] anayejulikana kwa utafiti wake kuhusu biolojia ya molekuli na muundo wa vipokezi vilivyo kwenye uso wa seli. Garcia ni [[profesa]] katika Idara za [[Fiziolojia]] ya Molekuli na Seli pamoja na Biolojia ya Kimuundo katika Shule ya Tiba ya Chuo Kikuu cha [[Stanford]]. Pia ni mtafiti wa [[Taasisi]] ya [[Tiba]] ya Howard Hughes na mwanachama wa Vyuo vya Kitaifa vya Sayansi na Tiba. Mbali na majukumu yake katika Chuo Kikuu cha Stanford, Garcia ni mmoja wa waanzilishi wenza wa kampuni kadhaa za teknolojia ya kibayolojia, zikiwemo Alexo Therapeutics, Surrozen na 3T Biosciences. == Elimu == Garcia alipata shahada ya kwanza ya sayansi katika biokemia kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Tulane. Aliendelea na masomo ya uzamili katika Shule ya Tiba ya Chuo Kikuu cha Johns Hopkins, ambako alipata shahada ya uzamivu katika biofizikia chini ya usimamizi wa Mario Amzel. Baada ya kupata shahada yake ya uzamivu, Garcia alifanya utafiti wa baada ya uzamivu katika kampuni ya Genentech, katika maabara za David Goeddel na Anthony Kossiakoff. Huko alijifunza na kutumia teknolojia zilizokuwa zinaanza kuendelezwa za uhandisi wa protini na uzalishaji wa protini rekombinanti. Baadaye, aliendelea na utafiti wa baada ya uzamivu katika Taasisi ya Utafiti ya Scripps, katika maabara ya Ian Wilson. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanasayansi wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Maprofesa]] fwb1mvo9i5h8142jljlm4ij7m6j6usk 1606538 1606536 2026-10-09T12:42:02Z Ladygoody 92634 1606538 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Photo of K. Christopher Garcia, Stanford Faculty.jpg|thumb|'''Kenan Christopher Garcia''']] '''Kenan Christopher Garcia''' (pia anajulikana kama K. Christopher Garcia) ni [[mwanasayansi]] wa [[Marekani]] anayejulikana kwa utafiti wake kuhusu biolojia ya molekuli na muundo wa vipokezi vilivyo kwenye uso wa seli. Garcia ni [[profesa]] katika Idara za [[Fiziolojia]] ya Molekuli na Seli pamoja na Biolojia ya Kimuundo katika Shule ya Tiba ya Chuo Kikuu cha [[Stanford]]. Pia ni mtafiti wa [[Taasisi]] ya [[Tiba]] ya Howard Hughes na mwanachama wa Vyuo vya Kitaifa vya Sayansi na Tiba. Mbali na majukumu yake katika Chuo Kikuu cha Stanford, Garcia ni mmoja wa waanzilishi wenza wa kampuni kadhaa za teknolojia ya kibayolojia, zikiwemo Alexo Therapeutics, Surrozen na 3T Biosciences. == Elimu == Garcia alipata shahada ya kwanza ya sayansi katika biokemia kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Tulane. Aliendelea na masomo ya uzamili katika Shule ya Tiba ya Chuo Kikuu cha Johns Hopkins, ambako alipata shahada ya uzamivu katika biofizikia chini ya usimamizi wa Mario Amzel. Baada ya kupata shahada yake ya uzamivu, Garcia alifanya utafiti wa baada ya uzamivu katika kampuni ya Genentech, katika maabara za David Goeddel na Anthony Kossiakoff. Huko alijifunza na kutumia teknolojia zilizokuwa zinaanza kuendelezwa za uhandisi wa protini na uzalishaji wa protini rekombinanti.Baadaye, aliendelea na utafiti wa baada ya uzamivu katika Taasisi ya Utafiti ya Scripps, katika maabara ya Ian Wilson. == Kazi ya utafiti == Utafiti wa Garcia unachanganya mbinu za biolojia ya kimuundo, [[biokemia]] na [[uhandisi]] wa protini ili kuelewa jinsi vipokezi vilivyo kwenye uso wa seli vinavyotambua ishara kutoka katika mazingira kupitia kuungana na molekuli zinazofungamana navyo nje ya seli, na jinsi vinavyosambaza ishara hizo ndani ya seli. Lengo kuu la maabara yake ni kufafanua misingi ya kimuundo na kiutaratibu ya uanzishaji wa vipokezi katika mifumo inayohusiana na magonjwa ya binadamu. Pia, hutumia maarifa hayo kubuni na kutengeneza molekuli mpya zenye uwezo wa kutumika kama tiba. Kwa hiyo, maabara yake huunganisha kwa karibu ugunduzi wa kisayansi wa msingi na matumizi yake katika tiba. Maabara ya Garcia katika Chuo Kikuu cha Stanford imechapisha makala nyingi za kisayansi zinazoeleza miundo ya molekuli na mifumo ya usambazaji wa ishara ya protini muhimu kwa kinga ya mwili, biolojia ya mfumo wa neva na ukuaji. === Utambuzi wa antijeni === Utafiti wa awali wa Garcia alipokuwa mwanafunzi wa uzamili katika Chuo Kikuu cha Johns Hopkins ulilenga kuelewa jinsi kingamwili za anti-idiotypic zinavyotambua antijeni za peptidi. Akiwa mtafiti wa baada ya uzamivu katika Taasisi ya Utafiti ya Scripps, Garcia alifanya utafiti muhimu ulioonyesha jinsi seli T za mfumo wa kinga zinavyokagua peptidi zinazowasilishwa na protini za mfumo mkuu wa utangamano wa tishu (MHC). Utaratibu huu huzisaidia seli T kutofautisha kati ya vitu vya mwili wenyewe na vile vya kigeni. Utafiti wa Garcia uliwezesha kwa mara ya kwanza kuonekana kwa muundo wa kipokezi cha seli T (TCR) kikiwa kimefungamana na mchanganyiko wa peptidi na MHC (pMHC). Matokeo hayo yalichapishwa katika jarida la ''Science'' mwaka 1996. Makala yake ya mwaka huo kuhusu mwingiliano kati ya TCR na MHC imekuwa na athari kubwa katika nyanja za elimu ya kinga ya mwili na tiba ya kinga. Katika Chuo Kikuu cha Stanford, maabara ya Garcia iliripoti muundo wa kipokezi cha awali cha seli B (pre-BCR) mwaka 2007. Ugunduzi huo ulionyesha jinsi vipokezi hivyo vinavyoungana na kuunda makundi ya molekuli ili kuanzisha usambazaji wa ishara hata bila kuwepo kwa antijeni. Kundi la Garcia pia limechapisha makala kadhaa muhimu zinazochunguza vipengele mbalimbali vya mwingiliano kati ya TCR na pMHC. Utafiti huo umejumuisha muundo wa kwanza wa mchanganyiko wa kipokezi cha seli T aina ya gamma-delta (γδ TCR) na pMHC, misingi ya molekuli inayowezesha TCR kutambua MHC za mwili wenyewe na za kigeni, na ufahamu kuhusu jinsi urithi wa kijeni unavyoathiri mwingiliano kati ya TCR na MHC. Utafiti mwingine wa kundi hilo umechunguza kiwango ambacho vipokezi vya seli T vinaweza kutambua antijeni mbalimbali zinazofanana, pamoja na kuchunguza kichocheo cha kimuundo kinachoanzisha usambazaji wa ishara kupitia TCR. Katika utafiti wake wa hivi karibuni zaidi, maabara ya Garcia ilitengeneza teknolojia ya maktaba ya peptidi na MHC iliyowezesha kugunduliwa kwa antijeni zinazotambuliwa na vipokezi vya seli T ambavyo antijeni zake hazikujulikana hapo awali, vikiwemo vile vinavyopatikana ndani ya uvimbe. Teknolojia hiyo pia ilisaidia kuleta mafanikio katika kuelewa jinsi usambazaji wa ishara unavyoanzishwa pMHC inapofungamana na kipokezi. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanasayansi wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Maprofesa]] qxex8jrpdi7sd42m874fgluukkborre 1606588 1606538 2026-10-09T14:30:39Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1606588 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Photo of K. Christopher Garcia, Stanford Faculty.jpg|thumb|'''Kenan Christopher Garcia''']] '''Kenan Christopher Garcia''' (pia anajulikana kama '''K. Christopher Garcia''') ni [[mwanasayansi]] wa [[Marekani]] anayejulikana kwa utafiti wake kuhusu biolojia ya molekuli na muundo wa vipokezi vilivyo kwenye uso wa seli. Garcia ni [[profesa]] katika Idara za [[Fiziolojia]] ya Molekuli na Seli pamoja na Biolojia ya Kimuundo katika Shule ya Tiba ya Chuo Kikuu cha [[Stanford]]. Pia ni mtafiti wa [[Taasisi]] ya [[Tiba]] ya Howard Hughes na mwanachama wa Vyuo vya Kitaifa vya Sayansi na Tiba. Mbali na majukumu yake katika Chuo Kikuu cha Stanford, Garcia ni mmoja wa waanzilishi wenza wa kampuni kadhaa za teknolojia ya kibayolojia, zikiwemo Alexo Therapeutics, Surrozen na 3T Biosciences. == Elimu == Garcia alipata shahada ya kwanza ya sayansi katika biokemia kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Tulane. Aliendelea na masomo ya uzamili katika Shule ya Tiba ya Chuo Kikuu cha Johns Hopkins, ambako alipata shahada ya uzamivu katika biofizikia chini ya usimamizi wa Mario Amzel. Baada ya kupata shahada yake ya uzamivu, Garcia alifanya utafiti wa baada ya uzamivu katika kampuni ya Genentech, katika maabara za David Goeddel na Anthony Kossiakoff. Huko alijifunza na kutumia teknolojia zilizokuwa zinaanza kuendelezwa za uhandisi wa protini na uzalishaji wa protini rekombinanti.Baadaye, aliendelea na utafiti wa baada ya uzamivu katika Taasisi ya Utafiti ya Scripps, katika maabara ya Ian Wilson. == Kazi ya utafiti == Utafiti wa Garcia unachanganya mbinu za biolojia ya kimuundo, [[biokemia]] na [[uhandisi]] wa protini ili kuelewa jinsi vipokezi vilivyo kwenye uso wa seli vinavyotambua ishara kutoka katika mazingira kupitia kuungana na molekuli zinazofungamana navyo nje ya seli, na jinsi vinavyosambaza ishara hizo ndani ya seli. Lengo kuu la maabara yake ni kufafanua misingi ya kimuundo na kiutaratibu ya uanzishaji wa vipokezi katika mifumo inayohusiana na magonjwa ya binadamu. Pia, hutumia maarifa hayo kubuni na kutengeneza molekuli mpya zenye uwezo wa kutumika kama tiba. Kwa hiyo, maabara yake huunganisha kwa karibu ugunduzi wa kisayansi wa msingi na matumizi yake katika tiba. Maabara ya Garcia katika Chuo Kikuu cha Stanford imechapisha makala nyingi za kisayansi zinazoeleza miundo ya molekuli na mifumo ya usambazaji wa ishara ya protini muhimu kwa kinga ya mwili, biolojia ya mfumo wa neva na ukuaji. === Utambuzi wa antijeni === Utafiti wa awali wa Garcia alipokuwa mwanafunzi wa uzamili katika Chuo Kikuu cha Johns Hopkins ulilenga kuelewa jinsi kingamwili za anti-idiotypic zinavyotambua antijeni za peptidi. Akiwa mtafiti wa baada ya uzamivu katika Taasisi ya Utafiti ya Scripps, Garcia alifanya utafiti muhimu ulioonyesha jinsi seli T za mfumo wa kinga zinavyokagua peptidi zinazowasilishwa na protini za mfumo mkuu wa utangamano wa tishu (MHC). Utaratibu huu huzisaidia seli T kutofautisha kati ya vitu vya mwili wenyewe na vile vya kigeni. Utafiti wa Garcia uliwezesha kwa mara ya kwanza kuonekana kwa muundo wa kipokezi cha seli T (TCR) kikiwa kimefungamana na mchanganyiko wa peptidi na MHC (pMHC). Matokeo hayo yalichapishwa katika jarida la ''Science'' mwaka 1996. Makala yake ya mwaka huo kuhusu mwingiliano kati ya TCR na MHC imekuwa na athari kubwa katika nyanja za elimu ya kinga ya mwili na tiba ya kinga. Katika Chuo Kikuu cha Stanford, maabara ya Garcia iliripoti muundo wa kipokezi cha awali cha seli B (pre-BCR) mwaka 2007. Ugunduzi huo ulionyesha jinsi vipokezi hivyo vinavyoungana na kuunda makundi ya molekuli ili kuanzisha usambazaji wa ishara hata bila kuwepo kwa antijeni. Kundi la Garcia pia limechapisha makala kadhaa muhimu zinazochunguza vipengele mbalimbali vya mwingiliano kati ya TCR na pMHC. Utafiti huo umejumuisha muundo wa kwanza wa mchanganyiko wa kipokezi cha seli T aina ya gamma-delta (γδ TCR) na pMHC, misingi ya molekuli inayowezesha TCR kutambua MHC za mwili wenyewe na za kigeni, na ufahamu kuhusu jinsi urithi wa kijeni unavyoathiri mwingiliano kati ya TCR na MHC. Utafiti mwingine wa kundi hilo umechunguza kiwango ambacho vipokezi vya seli T vinaweza kutambua antijeni mbalimbali zinazofanana, pamoja na kuchunguza kichocheo cha kimuundo kinachoanzisha usambazaji wa ishara kupitia TCR. Katika utafiti wake wa hivi karibuni zaidi, maabara ya Garcia ilitengeneza teknolojia ya maktaba ya peptidi na MHC iliyowezesha kugunduliwa kwa antijeni zinazotambuliwa na vipokezi vya seli T ambavyo antijeni zake hazikujulikana hapo awali, vikiwemo vile vinavyopatikana ndani ya uvimbe. Teknolojia hiyo pia ilisaidia kuleta mafanikio katika kuelewa jinsi usambazaji wa ishara unavyoanzishwa pMHC inapofungamana na kipokezi. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mwanasayansi}} [[Jamii:Wanabiolojia wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Maprofesa]] 9g38bclqdmv6ouibspccz2ela2grkyj 0 253945 1606539 2026-10-09T12:47:14Z Ladygoody 92634 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''James Carothers Garrison''' (aliyezaliwa kwa jina la Earling Carothers Garrison, [[20 Novemba|Novemba 20]], [[1921]] – [[21 Oktoba|Oktoba 21]], [[1992]]) alikuwa [[Mwanasheria]] wa [[Wilaya]] ya [[Parokia]] ya [[Orléans|Orleans]], [[Louisiana]], kuanzia mwaka 1962 hadi 1973, na baadaye alikuwa jaji wa mahakama ya rufaa ya jimbo. Alikuwa mwanachama wa Chama cha Kidemokrasia. Anajulikana zaidi kwa uchunguzi wake kuhusu mauaji ya John F. Kennedy na kumf...' 1606539 wikitext text/x-wiki '''James Carothers Garrison''' (aliyezaliwa kwa jina la Earling Carothers Garrison, [[20 Novemba|Novemba 20]], [[1921]] – [[21 Oktoba|Oktoba 21]], [[1992]]) alikuwa [[Mwanasheria]] wa [[Wilaya]] ya [[Parokia]] ya [[Orléans|Orleans]], [[Louisiana]], kuanzia mwaka 1962 hadi 1973, na baadaye alikuwa jaji wa mahakama ya rufaa ya jimbo. Alikuwa mwanachama wa Chama cha Kidemokrasia. Anajulikana zaidi kwa uchunguzi wake kuhusu mauaji ya John F. Kennedy na kumfungulia mashtaka mfanyabiashara wa New Orleans, Clay Shaw, mwaka 1969 kuhusiana na mauaji hayo. Kesi hiyo iliishia kwa Shaw kuachiwa huru. Garrison aliamini kuwa mauaji hayo yalitokana na njama iliyohusisha Shirika la Ujasusi la Marekani (CIA), Ofisi ya Upelelezi ya Shirikisho (FBI), Pentagon (Idara ya Ulinzi ya Marekani), Mafia na mashirika mengine. Aliandika vitabu vitatu vilivyochapishwa, kimojawapo kikawa chanzo muhimu cha filamu ya ''JFK'' ya Oliver Stone ya mwaka 1991. Katika filamu hiyo, Garrison alionyeshwa na Kevin Costner, huku Garrison mwenyewe akionekana kwa muda mfupi akiigiza nafasi ya Earl Warren. == Maisha ya awali na kazi == Garrison alizaliwa mwaka 1921 katika mji wa Denison, [[Iowa]]. Alikuwa mtoto wa kwanza na mwana pekee wa kiume wa Earling R. Garrison na Jane Anne Robinson, ambao walitalikiana kabla hajafikisha umri wa miaka sita. Mama yake alimhamisha Jim pamoja na dada yake kutoka Iowa kwenda New Orleans. Alihudhuria Shule ya Upili ya Alcée Fortier na kuhitimu mwaka 1939. Alihudumu katika Kikosi cha Anga cha Jeshi la Marekani nchini Ufaransa na Ujerumani wakati wa Vita vya Pili vya Dunia, baada ya kujiunga na jeshi mwaka mmoja kabla ya shambulio la Japani dhidi ya Bandari ya Pearl. Miongoni mwa majukumu yake ilikuwa kuendesha ndege za upelelezi zilizoruka katika mwinuko wa chini sana, zilizopewa jina la utani la “panzi”. Safari hizo hatari zililenga kutambua maeneo ya mashambulizi ya mizinga na zilikuwa na kiwango kikubwa cha vifo. Kikosi chake cha mizinga kilikuwa miongoni mwa vikosi vya kwanza kufika wakati wa ukombozi wa kambi ya mateso ya Dachau. Baada ya vita, alisoma katika Shule ya [[Sheria]] ya Chuo Kikuu cha Tulane na kuhitimu mwaka 1949 kwa shahada ya Sheria. Baadaye alirejea chuoni na kupata shahada ya uzamili katika Sheria za Kiraia. Baada ya kufanya kazi kwa muda mfupi katika kampuni maarufu ya sheria ya Deutsch, Kerrigan & Stiles huko New Orleans, aliamua kujiunga na Ofisi ya Upelelezi ya Shirikisho (FBI) katika eneo la Pasifiki ya Kaskazini-Magharibi, ambako alifanya kazi katika ofisi za Seattle na Tacoma. Kabla ya kuanza kwa Vita vya Korea, Garrison alijiunga na [[Jeshi]] la Akiba la [[Taifa]] la Marekani, kisha mwaka 1951 akaomba kuhudumu katika Jeshi la Marekani kwa muda wote. Hata hivyo, kutokana na kuendelea kuota ndoto mbaya kuhusu misheni zake za zamani, jeshi lilimwachisha kazi Oktoba 1951. Aliendelea kuwa mwanachama wa Jeshi la Akiba. Ilipobainika kuwa alikuwa akisumbuliwa na hali iliyojulikana wakati huo kama “uchovu wa mapigano”, uliotokana na safari zake nyingi hatari za ndege za upelelezi wakati wa Vita vya Pili vya Dunia, daktari mmoja wa jeshi alihitimisha kuwa Garrison alikuwa na “tatizo kali la kisaikoneurotiki lililomdhoofisha”, ambalo “liliathiri kwa kiwango kikubwa uwezo wake wa kuendana na mazingira ya kijamii na kitaaluma. Alionekana kuwa hana uwezo kabisa wa kutekeleza majukumu ya kijeshi na alikuwa na uwezo mdogo wa kuendana na maisha ya kiraia.” Hata hivyo, baada ya rekodi yake kuchunguzwa zaidi na Daktari Mkuu wa Jeshi la Marekani, ilibainika kuwa “alikuwa na afya ya mwili iliyomruhusu kutambuliwa rasmi kwa ajili ya huduma katika jeshi la taifa la shirikisho.” == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1992]] [[Jamii:Wanajeshi wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Marekani]] 0kq09m2mtiy1mzwi90f5l633gj04wra 1606541 1606539 2026-10-09T12:50:03Z Ladygoody 92634 1606541 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Garrison Jim.jpg|thumb|Garrison in 1967]] '''James Carothers Garrison''' (aliyezaliwa kwa jina la Earling Carothers Garrison, [[20 Novemba|Novemba 20]], [[1921]] – [[21 Oktoba|Oktoba 21]], [[1992]]) alikuwa [[Mwanasheria]] wa [[Wilaya]] ya [[Parokia]] ya [[Orléans|Orleans]], [[Louisiana]], kuanzia mwaka 1962 hadi 1973, na baadaye alikuwa jaji wa mahakama ya rufaa ya jimbo. Alikuwa mwanachama wa Chama cha Kidemokrasia. Anajulikana zaidi kwa uchunguzi wake kuhusu mauaji ya John F. Kennedy na kumfungulia mashtaka mfanyabiashara wa New Orleans, Clay Shaw, mwaka 1969 kuhusiana na mauaji hayo. Kesi hiyo iliishia kwa Shaw kuachiwa huru. Garrison aliamini kuwa mauaji hayo yalitokana na njama iliyohusisha Shirika la Ujasusi la Marekani (CIA), Ofisi ya Upelelezi ya Shirikisho (FBI), Pentagon (Idara ya Ulinzi ya Marekani), Mafia na mashirika mengine. Aliandika vitabu vitatu vilivyochapishwa, kimojawapo kikawa chanzo muhimu cha filamu ya ''JFK'' ya Oliver Stone ya mwaka 1991. Katika filamu hiyo, Garrison alionyeshwa na Kevin Costner, huku Garrison mwenyewe akionekana kwa muda mfupi akiigiza nafasi ya Earl Warren. == Maisha ya awali na kazi == Garrison alizaliwa mwaka 1921 katika mji wa Denison, [[Iowa]]. Alikuwa mtoto wa kwanza na mwana pekee wa kiume wa Earling R. Garrison na Jane Anne Robinson, ambao walitalikiana kabla hajafikisha umri wa miaka sita. Mama yake alimhamisha Jim pamoja na dada yake kutoka Iowa kwenda New Orleans. Alihudhuria Shule ya Upili ya Alcée Fortier na kuhitimu mwaka 1939. Alihudumu katika Kikosi cha Anga cha Jeshi la Marekani nchini Ufaransa na Ujerumani wakati wa Vita vya Pili vya Dunia, baada ya kujiunga na jeshi mwaka mmoja kabla ya shambulio la Japani dhidi ya Bandari ya Pearl. Miongoni mwa majukumu yake ilikuwa kuendesha ndege za upelelezi zilizoruka katika mwinuko wa chini sana, zilizopewa jina la utani la “panzi”. Safari hizo hatari zililenga kutambua maeneo ya mashambulizi ya mizinga na zilikuwa na kiwango kikubwa cha vifo. Kikosi chake cha mizinga kilikuwa miongoni mwa vikosi vya kwanza kufika wakati wa ukombozi wa kambi ya mateso ya Dachau. Baada ya vita, alisoma katika Shule ya [[Sheria]] ya Chuo Kikuu cha Tulane na kuhitimu mwaka 1949 kwa shahada ya Sheria. Baadaye alirejea chuoni na kupata shahada ya uzamili katika Sheria za Kiraia. Baada ya kufanya kazi kwa muda mfupi katika kampuni maarufu ya sheria ya Deutsch, Kerrigan & Stiles huko New Orleans, aliamua kujiunga na Ofisi ya Upelelezi ya Shirikisho (FBI) katika eneo la Pasifiki ya Kaskazini-Magharibi, ambako alifanya kazi katika ofisi za Seattle na Tacoma. Kabla ya kuanza kwa Vita vya Korea, Garrison alijiunga na [[Jeshi]] la Akiba la [[Taifa]] la Marekani, kisha mwaka 1951 akaomba kuhudumu katika Jeshi la Marekani kwa muda wote. Hata hivyo, kutokana na kuendelea kuota ndoto mbaya kuhusu misheni zake za zamani, jeshi lilimwachisha kazi Oktoba 1951. Aliendelea kuwa mwanachama wa Jeshi la Akiba. Ilipobainika kuwa alikuwa akisumbuliwa na hali iliyojulikana wakati huo kama “uchovu wa mapigano”, uliotokana na safari zake nyingi hatari za ndege za upelelezi wakati wa Vita vya Pili vya Dunia, daktari mmoja wa jeshi alihitimisha kuwa Garrison alikuwa na “tatizo kali la kisaikoneurotiki lililomdhoofisha”, ambalo “liliathiri kwa kiwango kikubwa uwezo wake wa kuendana na mazingira ya kijamii na kitaaluma. Alionekana kuwa hana uwezo kabisa wa kutekeleza majukumu ya kijeshi na alikuwa na uwezo mdogo wa kuendana na maisha ya kiraia.” Hata hivyo, baada ya rekodi yake kuchunguzwa zaidi na Daktari Mkuu wa Jeshi la Marekani, ilibainika kuwa “alikuwa na afya ya mwili iliyomruhusu kutambuliwa rasmi kwa ajili ya huduma katika jeshi la taifa la shirikisho.” == Mwanasheria wa wilaya == Baada ya kurejea tena katika maisha ya kiraia, Garrison alifanya kazi katika nafasi mbalimbali za uwakili wa kesi mahakamani kabla ya kuteuliwa kuwa msaidizi wa Mwanasheria wa Wilaya ya New Orleans. Alihudumu katika nafasi hiyo kuanzia mwaka 1955 hadi mwanzoni mwa mwaka 1958 na kujijengea sifa ya kuwa mtu mwenye haiba ya kipekee na tabia ya kuvutia katika jiji hilo. Mwaka 1958, aligombea kwa mara ya kwanza nafasi ya umma, lakini alishindwa katika uchaguzi wa Mthamini wa Jiji. Mwaka 1960, alishindwa tena alipogombea nafasi ya jaji wa Mahakama ya Makosa ya Jinai. Hata hivyo, wakati huo alikuwa tayari ameteuliwa kuwa Mwanasheria Msaidizi wa Jiji, kazi ya muda iliyokuwa na mshahara mdogo wa kawaida. Akiwa katika ofisi ya Mwanasheria wa Jiji, alipata fursa ya kumfuatilia kwa karibu Mwanasheria wa Wilaya aliyekuwa madarakani, Richard Dowling, na hakukubaliana na mwenendo wake. Mwaka 1961, Garrison aligombea nafasi ya Mwanasheria wa Wilaya ya New Orleans. Katika uchaguzi wa awali wa Chama cha Kidemokrasia uliokuwa na wagombea watano, alishika nafasi ya pili kwa mshangao, nyuma ya Dowling. Garrison alinufaika kutokana na utendaji wake mzuri katika mdahalo ulioonyeshwa kwenye televisheni. Katika uchaguzi wa marudio kati ya wagombea wawili, Garrison alishinda kwa tofauti ya kura 6,000. Licha ya kutokuwa na uungwaji mkono mkubwa wa kisiasa, alikuwa amehifadhi fedha zake chache za kampeni ili kuendesha matangazo mengi ya televisheni yaliyolenga kumshinda Dowling katika wiki za mwisho za kampeni. Baada ya kuingia madarakani, Garrison alichukua hatua kali dhidi ya ukahaba na vitendo vya unyanyasaji katika baa na vilabu vya burudani vilivyokuwa na maonyesho ya kuvua nguo katika Mtaa wa Bourbon. Aliwashtaki Dowling na mmoja wa wasaidizi wake kwa utovu wa nidhamu wa jinai, lakini mashtaka hayo yalitupiliwa mbali kwa kukosekana kwa ushahidi. Garrison hakukata rufaa dhidi ya uamuzi huo. Alipata umaarufu nchini kote kutokana na msururu wa misako dhidi ya vitendo viovu katika eneo la French Quarter, ambayo wakati mwingine ilifanyika kila usiku. Vichwa vya habari vya magazeti mwaka 1962 vilisifu juhudi zake kwa kutangaza hali ya dharura ya uhalifu katika eneo hilo na kuripoti kukamatwa kwa watu kadhaa katika misako hiyo. Wakosoaji wa Garrison mara nyingi walieleza kuwa kukamatwa kwa watu wengi na ofisi yake hakukuishia katika hukumu za hatia, jambo lililoashiria kuwa alikuwa akiamuru watu wakamatwe bila ushahidi. Hata hivyo, Msaidizi wa Mwanasheria wa Wilaya, William Alford, alisema kuwa mashtaka mara nyingi yalipunguzwa au kuondolewa ikiwa ndugu wa mtu aliyeshtakiwa angeweza kuzungumza na Garrison na kupata usikivu wake. Alford alisema kuwa Garrison alikuwa na “moyo wa dhahabu”. Baada ya kutofautiana na majaji wa mahakama za jinai wa eneo hilo kuhusu bajeti yake, Garrison aliwashutumu kwa kujihusisha na uhalifu wa kujipatia fedha na kufanya njama dhidi yake. Majaji hao wanane walimshtaki kwa kosa dogo la kumkashifu mtu kwa njia ya jinai, na Garrison alipatikana na hatia Januari 1963. Mwaka 1964, Mahakama Kuu ya Marekani ilibatilisha hukumu hiyo na kutangaza kuwa sheria ya jimbo iliyotumika katika kesi hiyo ilikuwa kinyume cha katiba. Wakati huohuo, Garrison alimshtaki Jaji Bernard Cocke kwa utovu wa nidhamu wa jinai. Katika kesi mbili zilizoendeshwa na Garrison mwenyewe, Cocke aliachiwa huru. Garrison pia aliwashtaki polisi tisa kwa kutumia nguvu kupita kiasi, lakini aliacha mashtaka hayo wiki mbili baadaye. Katika mkutano na waandishi wa habari, aliishutumu bodi ya msamaha wa wafungwa ya jimbo kwa kupokea rushwa, lakini hakuweza kupata hati za mashtaka dhidi ya mtu yeyote. Kwa kuikosoa bunge la jimbo, Garrison alilaaniwa rasmi kwa kauli moja na bunge hilo kwa “kuwakashifu kwa makusudi wajumbe wake wote”. Mwaka 1965, alipogombea kuchaguliwa tena dhidi ya Jaji Malcolm O'Hara, Garrison alishinda kwa kupata asilimia 60 ya kura. === Uchunguzi wa mauaji ya Kennedy === Akiwa Mwanasheria wa Wilaya ya New Orleans, mwishoni mwa mwaka 1966 Garrison alianza kuchunguza mauaji ya Rais John F. Kennedy baada ya kupokea taarifa kadhaa kutoka kwa Jack Martin zilizodokeza kuwa mtu mmoja aitwaye David Ferrie huenda alihusika katika mauaji hayo. Uchunguzi wake ulisababisha kukamatwa na kufunguliwa mashtaka kwa mfanyabiashara wa New Orleans, Clay Shaw, mwaka 1969. Hata hivyo, baraza la mahakama lilipomaliza kusikiliza kesi hiyo, Shaw aliachiwa huru kwa kauli moja ndani ya muda usiozidi saa moja. Garrison alifanikiwa kupata kwa amri ya mahakama filamu ya Zapruder kutoka katika jarida la ''Life''. Hivyo, wananchi wa Marekani, wakiwemo wajumbe wa baraza la mahakama katika kesi hiyo, waliweza kuitazama filamu hiyo kwa mara ya kwanza. Kabla ya kesi hiyo, filamu hiyo ilikuwa haionyeshwi mara nyingi. Steve Jaffe, mpelelezi wa mauaji aliyekuwa akifanya kazi na ofisi ya Garrison, alitengeneza nakala zake. Mwaka 2015, binti wa mpelelezi mkuu wa Garrison alitoa nakala ya filamu hiyo pamoja na nyaraka kadhaa za kibinafsi za baba yake zilizohusiana na uchunguzi huo. Shahidi muhimu wa Garrison dhidi ya Shaw alikuwa Perry Russo, muuzaji wa bima mwenye umri wa miaka 25 kutoka Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Katika kesi hiyo, Russo alitoa ushahidi kuwa alihudhuria karamu katika nyumba ya David Ferrie, mwanaharakati aliyepinga utawala wa Fidel Castro. Russo alisema kuwa katika karamu hiyo, Lee Harvey Oswald, ambaye alidai alitambulishwa kwake kwa jina la “Leon Oswald”, David Ferrie na “Clem Bertrand”, ambaye Russo alimtambua mahakamani kuwa Clay Shaw, walijadili kumuua Rais Kennedy. Mazungumzo hayo yalihusisha mipango ya kuratibu mashambulizi ya risasi kutoka pande mbalimbali ili kumzingira mlengwa, pamoja na namna washiriki wangejipatia uthibitisho wa mahali walipokuwa ili wasihusishwe na mauaji hayo. Baadhi ya wanahistoria na watafiti, akiwemo Patricia Lambert, walihoji maelezo ya Russo baada ya kufahamika kuwa sehemu ya ushahidi wake huenda ilichochewa na matumizi ya hipnosisi na dawa ya sodium pentothal, ambayo wakati mwingine huitwa “seramu ya ukweli”. Toleo la awali la ushahidi wa Russo, kama lilivyoandikwa katika kumbukumbu ya Msaidizi wa Mwanasheria wa Wilaya Andrew Sciambra kabla ya Russo kupewa dawa hiyo na kufanyiwa hipnosisi, halikutaja karamu iliyodaiwa kuwa ya kupanga mauaji. Pia lilisema kuwa Russo alikutana na Shaw mara mbili, na hakuna mkutano wowote kati ya hiyo miwili uliofanyika kwenye karamu hiyo. Hata hivyo, katika kitabu chake ''On the Trail of the Assassins'', Garrison alisema kuwa Russo alikuwa tayari amezungumzia karamu iliyofanyika katika nyumba ya Ferrie kabla ya kupewa dawa yoyote ya “seramu ya ukweli”. Sciambra alisema kuwa taarifa kuhusu karamu hiyo iliachwa kwenye kumbukumbu za mazungumzo yake na Russo kwa bahati mbaya tu. Katika maisha yake yote, Russo aliendelea kusimulia maelezo yale yale kuhusu kuhudhuria karamu katika nyumba ya Ferrie pamoja na Bw. Bertrand, ambako suala la uwezekano wa kumuua Kennedy lilijadiliwa. Garrison alitetea namna alivyoshughulikia ushahidi wa mashahidi kwa kusema: “Kabla hatujawasilisha ushahidi wa mashahidi wetu, tuliwafanyia vipimo huru vya kuthibitisha ukweli, vikiwemo vipimo vya poligrafu, matumizi ya seramu ya ukweli na hipnosisi. Tulidhani kuwa hatua hii ingesifiwa kama hatua isiyo na kifani katika historia ya sheria. Badala yake, vyombo vya habari viligeuka na kudokeza kuwa tuliwapa mashahidi wetu dawa za kulevya au kuwaingizia mawazo kupitia hipnosisi ili watoe ushahidi wa uongo.” Mwezi Mei 1967, Garrison alionekana katika kipindi cha ''Issues and Answers'' cha kituo cha televisheni cha ABC ili kujadili uchunguzi wake. Baadaye, mwezi Julai, kituo cha NBC kilimpa dakika 30 kujibu kipindi chao kilichokuwa kimeukosoa uchunguzi wake. Katika muda huo, aliupuuza Ripoti ya Warren na kuuita “hadithi ya kubuni”. Pia alidai kuwa “Rais Kennedy aliuawa na watu waliotaka kuleta mabadiliko makubwa katika sera yetu ya mambo ya nje, hasa kuhusu Cuba”. Mwezi Januari 1968, Garrison alitoa hati ya kumtaka Kerry Wendell Thornley, aliyekuwa akimfahamu Oswald tangu walipokuwa jeshini, kufika mbele ya baraza kuu la mahakama. Alimuuliza kuhusu uhusiano wake na Oswald na kile alichokijua kuhusu watu wengine ambao Garrison aliamini walihusishwa na mauaji hayo. Thornley aliomba hati hiyo ibatilishwe na alitakiwa kufika mbele ya Mahakama ya Mzunguko. Garrison alimshtaki Thornley kwa kutoa ushahidi wa uongo baada ya Thornley kukana kuwa alikuwa na mawasiliano yoyote na Oswald tangu mwaka 1959. Mashtaka hayo yaliondolewa baadaye na mrithi wa Garrison, Harry Connick Sr. Pia mwaka 1968, Mort Sahl alitumia uhusiano wake kumsaidia Garrison kupata nafasi katika kipindi cha ''The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson'' ili kujadili mauaji hayo. Wakati wa kesi ya Garrison ya mwaka 1973 kuhusu tuhuma za rushwa, rekodi za sauti za Machi 1971 zilifichua kuwa Garrison alikuwa amefikiria kumhusisha hadharani Charles Cabell, jenerali mstaafu wa Jeshi la Anga la Marekani na Naibu Mkurugenzi wa Shirika la Ujasusi la Marekani (CIA), katika njama ya kumuua Kennedy. Alikuwa amepata taarifa kuwa Cabell alikuwa ndugu wa Earle Cabell, aliyekuwa meya wa Dallas mwaka 1963. Garrison alidhani kuwa njama ya kumuua rais ilipangwa kutoka New Orleans kwa kushirikiana na CIA, polisi wa Dallas na serikali ya jiji hilo. Inadaiwa kuwa alimwagiza Pershing Gervais, aliyekuwa mpelelezi wake mkuu hapo awali, kuchunguza uwezekano kuwa Jenerali Cabell alikuwa amekaa katika Hoteli ya Fontainebleau mjini humo wakati wa mauaji hayo. Gazeti la ''The Washington Post'' liliripoti kuwa hakukuwa na ushahidi unaoonyesha kuwa Gervais alitekeleza ombi hilo. Pia, Jenerali Cabell hakutajwa tena katika uchunguzi wa Garrison. Makala hiyo ilibainisha kuwa kufikia tarehe husika, Gervais hakuwa tena akifanya kazi katika ofisi ya Mwanasheria wa Wilaya ya New Orleans. Mwaka 1988, mtangazaji wa kipindi cha mazungumzo kwenye redio nchini Marekani, David Mendelsohn, alifanya mahojiano ya kina na Garrison yaliyotangazwa na kituo cha KPFA huko Berkeley, California. Mbali na Garrison, kipindi hicho kilijumuisha sauti za Lee Harvey Oswald na Oliver Stone, mtengenezaji wa filamu ya ''JFK''. Garrison alieleza kuwa taarifa za kupotosha zilienezwa ili kulaumu Wacuba na Mafia kwa mauaji hayo, lakini yeye alilaumu moja kwa moja CIA kwa kupanga njama ya kumuua Rais Kennedy, akidai kuwa shirika hilo lilitaka Vita Baridi viendelee. Garrison aliendelea kueleza sababu hizohizo alizoamini zilichangia mauaji ya Rais Kennedy katika vipindi vya televisheni alivyoshiriki hadi karibu na kifo chake. Alifariki mwaka mmoja baada ya Stone kutoa filamu yake ya ''JFK'', ambayo kwa kiasi kikubwa ilitokana na nafasi ya Garrison katika kuendesha kesi pekee ya mashtaka kuhusu mauaji ya Rais Kennedy. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1992]] [[Jamii:Wanajeshi wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Marekani]] dhz5foe0qpyrcvsy74hc28sfp0hrh88 0 253946 1606545 2026-10-09T13:43:24Z Merci Kahubangwa 72758 Created by translating the page "[[:fr:Special:Redirect/revision/240204174|Université officielle de Semuliki]]" 1606545 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Université}}'''Chuo Kikuu Rasmi cha Semuliki (UOS)''' ni taasisi ya [[Elimu ya juu|elimu ya juu ya]] umma na [[Chuo Kikuu|chuo kikuu]] inayo patikana [[Beni (mji)|Beni (mji]] ), katika jimbo la [[Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini|Kivu Kaskazini]], ndani [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], iliyoanzishwa mwaka wa 2004.<ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|language=en|title=Université Officielle de Semuliki UOS Beni {{!}} 2026 Rankings, Courses, Tuition & Admissions|url=https://www.unirank.org/cd/uni/universite-officielle-de-semuliki/|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> == Historia == UOS inafanya kazi chini ya Amri ya Waziri Nambari 102/MINESU/CAB. MIN/MML/KOB/2011 ya Aprili 21, 2011. Chuo kikuu kiliundwa ili kukidhi hitaji linaloongezeka la upatikanaji wa elimu ya chuo kikuu cha umma kwa vijana katika jiji na eneo la Beni, eneo ambalo mara nyingi huangaziwa na changamoto za usalama na kutengwa.<ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Revue Semuliki|url=https://revuesemuliki.uaconline.edu.cd/|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=Université Officielle de Semuliki/UOS|url=https://mapcarta.com/fr/N6477793529|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> UOS inawasilishwa kama chuo kikuu pekee cha umma katika eneo la Beni, kikifanya kazi kwa zaidi ya miaka kumi.<ref name=":1" /> <ref name=":3">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=RDC-Beni : en pleine trêve de Covid-19, le personnel de l’Université officielle de Semuliki en grève pour décrier la malversation financière|url=https://actualite.cd/2021/02/03/rdc-beni-en-pleine-treve-de-covid-19-le-personnel-de-luniversite-officielle-de-semuliki|date=2021-02-03|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> == Shirika na mafunzo == Pamoja na mpito wa mfumo wa PADEM (Makita wa Kuboresha Elimu ya Juu na Vyuo Vikuu) kwa mfumo wa LMD(Shahada - Shahada ya Uzamili - Udaktari) , vitivo vya UOS sasa vinaitwa " vikoa na idara sekta ».<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=RegEsu {{!}} Etab Profile|url=https://regesu.minesursi.gouv.cd/etab_profil?id=279|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> Mnamo 2021, chuo kikuu kilikuwa na vitivo nane : sheria, uchumi, [[Agronomia|kilimo]], [[Tiba|dawa]], duka la dawa, [[mawasiliano]], uhandisi wa kompyuta, pamoja na [[Sayansi ya jamii|sayansi ya kijamii, kisiasa na kiutawala]].<ref name=":3" /> Leo kuna kozi za sayansi ya sheria, sayansi ya kisiasa na kiutawala, [[Mafungamano ya kimataifa|mahusiano ya kimataifa]], sayansi ya habari na mawasiliano, politekniki, sayansi ya kilimo, [[Somo la Uchumi|sayansi ya uchumi na usimamizi]].<ref name=":2" /> === Mwelekeo === Chuo kikuu kinaendeshwa na kamati ya usimamizi inayojumuisha rekta, katibu mkuu wa kitaaluma, katibu mkuu wa utawala na msimamizi wa bajeti.<ref name=":4">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=RDC-Beni : le comité de gestion de l’Université officielle de Semuliki désavoué pour malversation financière|url=https://actualite.cd/2021/02/17/rdc-beni-le-comite-de-gestion-de-luniversite-officielle-de-semuliki-desavoue-pour|date=2021-02-17|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> Mkuu wa sasa ni Profesa Jean-Baptiste Paluku Ndavaro, mtaalamu wa sayansi ya habari na mawasiliano.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|first=Comité redaction Radio Elimu UOR, Nous suivre sur FM 95,0 Butembo et|last=environs|title=ESU RDC : Trois nouveaux Professeurs Ordinaires pour l’UOR Butembo|url=https://uor.ac/2022/09/02/esu-rdc-trois-nouveaux-professeurs-ordinaires-pour-luor-butembo/|date=2022-09-02|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> Profesa Placide Kakuru ni katibu wa kitaaluma. Mnamo Februari 2021, kamati ya usimamizi iliongozwa na Rector José Wambale Mulwahili.<ref name=":5">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|first=Rédaction|last=Rédaction|title=UOS-Beni: Lancement Officiel de l'année Académique 2024-2025 à l’Université Officielle de SEMULIKI|url=https://beninipashe.cd/uos-beni-lancement-officiel-de-lannee-academique-2024-2025-a-luniversite-officielle-de-semuliki/|date=2024-10-31|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> == Muktadha na matatizo == UOS inafanya kazi katika eneo lililoathiriwa na ukosefu wa usalama. Mnamo 2018, mwaka wa masomo huko Beni ulianza mwezi mmoja kuchelewa kutokana na mashambulizi ya ADF; madarasa yalianza tena Novemba 19 katika ukumbi wa UOS.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=RDC : Une rentrée académique timide à Beni après un mois de retard|url=https://actualite.cd/2018/11/19/rdc-une-rentree-academique-timide-beni-apres-un-mois-de-retard|date=2018-11-19|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> Mnamo Februari 2021, wafanyakazi wa kisayansi, utawala, kiufundi na wa mikono waligoma na kuishutumu kamati ya usimamizi kwa utovu wa nidhamu wa kifedha, jambo ambalo ofisi ya rekta ililipinga.<ref name=":3" /> <ref name=":4" /> Mnamo Machi 22, 2021, mvutano uliibuka kati ya wanafunzi na utawala wakati wa kuanza tena kwa madarasa, mbele ya ujumbe kutoka bodi ya uongozi wa chuo kikuu (CAU).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=Beni : vive tension entre les étudiants et corps académique de l'UOS|url=https://www.radiookapi.net/2021/03/22/actualite/societe/beni-vive-tension-entre-les-etudiants-et-corps-academique-de-luos|date=2021-03-22|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> Mwaka wa masomo wa 2024-2025 umezinduliwa rasmi, huku mwanzo wa mwaka wa masomo ukithibitishwa na katibu mkuu wa masomo (Shahada - Shahada ya Uzamili - Udaktari).<ref name=":5" /> == Tazama pia == * [[Beni (mji)|Mji wa Beni]] * Chuo Kikuu katika Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo * Chuo Kikuu cha Goma == Vidokezo na marejeleo == <references /> {{Lango|RDC|université|éducation|Afrique}} [[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini]] otdf4c10pm9ji7iqefb7ggp34fta1g9 1606546 1606545 2026-10-09T13:51:21Z Merci Kahubangwa 72758 Kusahihisha 1606546 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Chuo Kikuu Rasmi cha Semuliki (UOS)''' ni taasisi ya [[Elimu ya juu|elimu ya juu ya]] umma na [[Chuo Kikuu|chuo kikuu]] inayo patikana [[Beni (mji)|Beni (mji]] ), katika jimbo la [[Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini|Kivu Kaskazini]], ndani [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], iliyoanzishwa mwaka wa 2004.<ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|language=en|title=Université Officielle de Semuliki UOS Beni {{!}} 2026 Rankings, Courses, Tuition & Admissions|url=https://www.unirank.org/cd/uni/universite-officielle-de-semuliki/|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> == Historia == UOS inafanya kazi chini ya Amri ya Waziri Nambari 102/MINESU/CAB. MIN/MML/KOB/2011 ya Aprili 21, 2011. Chuo kikuu kiliundwa ili kukidhi hitaji linaloongezeka la upatikanaji wa elimu ya chuo kikuu cha umma kwa vijana katika jiji na eneo la Beni, eneo ambalo mara nyingi huangaziwa na changamoto za usalama na kutengwa.<ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Revue Semuliki|url=https://revuesemuliki.uaconline.edu.cd/|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=Université Officielle de Semuliki/UOS|url=https://mapcarta.com/fr/N6477793529|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> UOS inawasilishwa kama chuo kikuu pekee cha umma katika eneo la Beni, kikifanya kazi kwa zaidi ya miaka kumi.<ref name=":1" /> <ref name=":3">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=RDC-Beni : en pleine trêve de Covid-19, le personnel de l’Université officielle de Semuliki en grève pour décrier la malversation financière|url=https://actualite.cd/2021/02/03/rdc-beni-en-pleine-treve-de-covid-19-le-personnel-de-luniversite-officielle-de-semuliki|date=2021-02-03|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> == Shirika na mafunzo == Pamoja na mpito wa mfumo wa PADEM (Makita wa Kuboresha Elimu ya Juu na Vyuo Vikuu) kwa mfumo wa LMD(Shahada - Shahada ya Uzamili - Udaktari) , vitivo vya UOS sasa vinaitwa " vikoa na idara sekta ».<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=RegEsu {{!}} Etab Profile|url=https://regesu.minesursi.gouv.cd/etab_profil?id=279|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> Mnamo 2021, chuo kikuu kilikuwa na vitivo nane : sheria, uchumi, [[Agronomia|kilimo]], [[Tiba|dawa]], duka la dawa, [[mawasiliano]], uhandisi wa kompyuta, pamoja na [[Sayansi ya jamii|sayansi ya kijamii, kisiasa na kiutawala]].<ref name=":3" /> Leo kuna kozi za sayansi ya sheria, sayansi ya kisiasa na kiutawala, [[Mafungamano ya kimataifa|mahusiano ya kimataifa]], sayansi ya habari na mawasiliano, politekniki, sayansi ya kilimo, [[Somo la Uchumi|sayansi ya uchumi na usimamizi]].<ref name=":2" /> === Mwelekeo === Chuo kikuu kinaendeshwa na kamati ya usimamizi inayojumuisha rekta, katibu mkuu wa kitaaluma, katibu mkuu wa utawala na msimamizi wa bajeti.<ref name=":4">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=RDC-Beni : le comité de gestion de l’Université officielle de Semuliki désavoué pour malversation financière|url=https://actualite.cd/2021/02/17/rdc-beni-le-comite-de-gestion-de-luniversite-officielle-de-semuliki-desavoue-pour|date=2021-02-17|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> Mkuu wa sasa ni Profesa Jean-Baptiste Paluku Ndavaro, mtaalamu wa sayansi ya habari na mawasiliano.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|first=Comité redaction Radio Elimu UOR, Nous suivre sur FM 95,0 Butembo et|last=environs|title=ESU RDC : Trois nouveaux Professeurs Ordinaires pour l’UOR Butembo|url=https://uor.ac/2022/09/02/esu-rdc-trois-nouveaux-professeurs-ordinaires-pour-luor-butembo/|date=2022-09-02|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> Profesa Placide Kakuru ni katibu wa kitaaluma. Mnamo Februari 2021, kamati ya usimamizi iliongozwa na Rector José Wambale Mulwahili.<ref name=":5">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|first=Rédaction|last=Rédaction|title=UOS-Beni: Lancement Officiel de l'année Académique 2024-2025 à l’Université Officielle de SEMULIKI|url=https://beninipashe.cd/uos-beni-lancement-officiel-de-lannee-academique-2024-2025-a-luniversite-officielle-de-semuliki/|date=2024-10-31|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> == Muktadha na matatizo == UOS inafanya kazi katika eneo lililoathiriwa na ukosefu wa usalama. Mnamo 2018, mwaka wa masomo huko Beni ulianza mwezi mmoja kuchelewa kutokana na mashambulizi ya ADF; madarasa yalianza tena Novemba 19 katika ukumbi wa UOS.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=RDC : Une rentrée académique timide à Beni après un mois de retard|url=https://actualite.cd/2018/11/19/rdc-une-rentree-academique-timide-beni-apres-un-mois-de-retard|date=2018-11-19|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> Mnamo Februari 2021, wafanyakazi wa kisayansi, utawala, kiufundi na wa mikono waligoma na kuishutumu kamati ya usimamizi kwa utovu wa nidhamu wa kifedha, jambo ambalo ofisi ya rekta ililipinga.<ref name=":3" /> <ref name=":4" /> Mnamo Machi 22, 2021, mvutano uliibuka kati ya wanafunzi na utawala wakati wa kuanza tena kwa madarasa, mbele ya ujumbe kutoka bodi ya uongozi wa chuo kikuu (CAU).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=Beni : vive tension entre les étudiants et corps académique de l'UOS|url=https://www.radiookapi.net/2021/03/22/actualite/societe/beni-vive-tension-entre-les-etudiants-et-corps-academique-de-luos|date=2021-03-22|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> Mwaka wa masomo wa 2024-2025 umezinduliwa rasmi, huku mwanzo wa mwaka wa masomo ukithibitishwa na katibu mkuu wa masomo {{Infobox chuo kikuu}} .<ref name=":5" /> == Tazama pia == * [[Beni (mji)|Mji wa Beni]] * Chuo Kikuu katika Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo * Chuo Kikuu cha Goma == Vidokezo na marejeleo == <references /> {{Lango|RDC|université|éducation|Afrique}} [[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini]] do7muv7z4rbjp1rvvyfv64038tfby12 1606558 1606546 2026-10-09T14:04:30Z Score Beethoven 26647 Kuboresha na kupanga makala (wikify): kisanduku cha taarifa, lugha, sehemu, viungo, marejeo, jamii 1606558 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox chuo kikuu | jina = Chuo Kikuu Rasmi cha Semuliki | native_name = Université Officielle de Semuliki | kimeanzishwa = 2004 | aina = [[Chuo Kikuu|Chuo kikuu]] cha umma | rector = Jean-Baptiste Paluku Ndavaro (2022) | mji = [[Beni (mji)|Beni]] | mkoa = [[Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini|Kivu Kaskazini]] | nchi = [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] }} '''Chuo Kikuu Rasmi cha Semuliki''' (kwa [[Kifaransa]]: ''Université Officielle de Semuliki'', kifupi '''UOS''') ni [[Chuo Kikuu|chuo kikuu]] cha umma kilichoko katika mji wa [[Beni (mji)|Beni]], [[Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini]], mashariki mwa [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. Kilianzishwa mwaka [[2004]] na ndicho chuo kikuu pekee cha umma katika eneo la Beni.<ref name="unirank">{{Rejea tovuti|language=en|title=Université Officielle de Semuliki UOS Beni {{!}} 2026 Rankings, Courses, Tuition & Admissions|url=https://www.unirank.org/cd/uni/universite-officielle-de-semuliki/|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> == Historia == UOS kilianzishwa mwaka 2004.<ref name="unirank" /> Kinafanya kazi chini ya Amri ya Waziri Nambari 102/MINESU/CAB.MIN/MML/KOB/2011 ya tarehe [[21 Aprili]] [[2011]]. Chuo kilianzishwa ili kukidhi mahitaji yanayoongezeka ya [[elimu ya juu]] ya umma kwa vijana wa mji na [[Wilaya ya Beni|wilaya ya Beni]], eneo linalokabiliwa mara kwa mara na changamoto za usalama na kutengwa.<ref name="revue">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Revue Semuliki|url=https://revuesemuliki.uaconline.edu.cd/|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref><ref name="mapcarta">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=Université Officielle de Semuliki/UOS|url=https://mapcarta.com/fr/N6477793529|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> Kimekuwa kikitoa mafunzo kwa zaidi ya miaka kumi.<ref name="greve2021">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=RDC-Beni : en pleine trêve de Covid-19, le personnel de l’Université officielle de Semuliki en grève pour décrier la malversation financière|url=https://actualite.cd/2021/02/03/rdc-beni-en-pleine-treve-de-covid-19-le-personnel-de-luniversite-officielle-de-semuliki|date=2021-02-03|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> == Vitivo na mafunzo == Kufuatia mpito kutoka mfumo wa zamani hadi mfumo wa LMD (''Licence – Master – Doctorat'', yaani [[Shahada ya Awali|shahada ya awali]], [[uzamili]] na [[uzamivu]]), vitivo vya UOS sasa vinaitwa "nyanja" (''domaines'') na "idara" (''filières'').<ref name="regesu">{{Rejea tovuti|title=RegEsu {{!}} Etab Profile|url=https://regesu.minesursi.gouv.cd/etab_profil?id=279|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> Mwaka 2021 chuo kilikuwa na vitivo vinane:<ref name="greve2021" /> * [[Sheria]] * [[Somo la Uchumi|Uchumi]] * [[Agronomia|Kilimo]] * [[Tiba]] * Famasia * [[Mawasiliano|Sayansi ya habari na mawasiliano]] * Uhandisi wa kompyuta * [[Sayansi ya jamii|Sayansi za jamii]], [[siasa]] na [[utawala]] Kwa sasa mafunzo yanatolewa katika sayansi za sheria, sayansi za siasa na utawala, [[mafungamano ya kimataifa]], sayansi ya habari na mawasiliano, politekniki, sayansi za kilimo, pamoja na sayansi za uchumi na usimamizi.<ref name="revue" /> == Uongozi == Chuo kinaongozwa na kamati ya usimamizi (''comité de gestion'') inayojumuisha rekta, katibu mkuu wa kitaaluma, katibu mkuu wa utawala na msimamizi wa bajeti.<ref name="kamati2021">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=RDC-Beni : le comité de gestion de l’Université officielle de Semuliki désavoué pour malversation financière|url=https://actualite.cd/2021/02/17/rdc-beni-le-comite-de-gestion-de-luniversite-officielle-de-semuliki-desavoue-pour|date=2021-02-17|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> Mnamo Februari 2021 kamati hiyo iliongozwa na rekta José Wambale Mulwahili.<ref name="mwaka2024">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|publisher=Beni Nipashe|title=UOS-Beni: Lancement Officiel de l'année Académique 2024-2025 à l’Université Officielle de SEMULIKI|url=https://beninipashe.cd/uos-beni-lancement-officiel-de-lannee-academique-2024-2025-a-luniversite-officielle-de-semuliki/|date=2024-10-31|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> Kufikia mwaka 2022, rekta alikuwa Profesa Jean-Baptiste Paluku Ndavaro, mtaalamu wa sayansi ya habari na mawasiliano.<ref name="uor2022">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|author=Radio Elimu UOR|title=ESU RDC : Trois nouveaux Professeurs Ordinaires pour l’UOR Butembo|url=https://uor.ac/2022/09/02/esu-rdc-trois-nouveaux-professeurs-ordinaires-pour-luor-butembo/|date=2022-09-02|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> Profesa Placide Kakuru ni katibu mkuu wa kitaaluma.<ref name="mwaka2024" /> == Changamoto == === Ukosefu wa usalama === UOS iko katika eneo linaloathiriwa na ukosefu wa usalama. Mwaka 2018, mwaka wa masomo mjini Beni ulianza kwa kuchelewa kwa mwezi mmoja kutokana na mashambulizi ya kundi la waasi la ADF (''Allied Democratic Forces''); masomo yalianza tena tarehe [[19 Novemba]] katika ukumbi wa UOS.<ref name="mwaka2018">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=RDC : Une rentrée académique timide à Beni après un mois de retard|url=https://actualite.cd/2018/11/19/rdc-une-rentree-academique-timide-beni-apres-un-mois-de-retard|date=2018-11-19|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> === Migogoro ya ndani === Mnamo Februari 2021, wakati wa janga la [[COVID-19]], wafanyakazi wa kisayansi, wa utawala, wa kiufundi na wasaidizi waligoma, wakiishutumu kamati ya usimamizi kwa ubadhirifu wa fedha; ofisi ya rekta ilikanusha tuhuma hizo.<ref name="greve2021" /><ref name="kamati2021" /> Tarehe [[22 Machi]] 2021, mvutano mkali ulizuka kati ya wanafunzi na uongozi wakati masomo yalipoanza tena, mbele ya ujumbe wa Baraza la Uongozi wa Vyuo Vikuu (CAU).<ref name="okapi2021">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=Beni : vive tension entre les étudiants et corps académique de l'UOS|url=https://www.radiookapi.net/2021/03/22/actualite/societe/beni-vive-tension-entre-les-etudiants-et-corps-academique-de-luos|date=2021-03-22|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> == Mwaka wa masomo 2024–2025 == Mwaka wa masomo 2024–2025 ulizinduliwa rasmi mwishoni mwa Oktoba 2024, na mwanzo wake ulithibitishwa na katibu mkuu wa kitaaluma.<ref name="mwaka2024" /> == Tazama pia == * [[Beni (mji)]] * [[Wilaya ya Beni]] * [[Chuo Kikuu cha Goma]] * [[Chuo Kikuu cha Kinshasa]] == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-elimu}} {{Lango|Afrika}} [[Jamii:Vyuo vikuu vya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini]] stwgrxl4ok6hfy5gmx799djtbl5eqlq 1606562 1606558 2026-10-09T14:06:42Z Score Beethoven 26647 Score Beethoven alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Chuo Chikuu kya Semuliki]] hadi [[Chuo Kikuu cha Semuliki]]: Kusahihisha tahajia ya jina (Chikuu kya → Kikuu cha) 1606558 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox chuo kikuu | jina = Chuo Kikuu Rasmi cha Semuliki | native_name = Université Officielle de Semuliki | kimeanzishwa = 2004 | aina = [[Chuo Kikuu|Chuo kikuu]] cha umma | rector = Jean-Baptiste Paluku Ndavaro (2022) | mji = [[Beni (mji)|Beni]] | mkoa = [[Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini|Kivu Kaskazini]] | nchi = [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] }} '''Chuo Kikuu Rasmi cha Semuliki''' (kwa [[Kifaransa]]: ''Université Officielle de Semuliki'', kifupi '''UOS''') ni [[Chuo Kikuu|chuo kikuu]] cha umma kilichoko katika mji wa [[Beni (mji)|Beni]], [[Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini]], mashariki mwa [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. Kilianzishwa mwaka [[2004]] na ndicho chuo kikuu pekee cha umma katika eneo la Beni.<ref name="unirank">{{Rejea tovuti|language=en|title=Université Officielle de Semuliki UOS Beni {{!}} 2026 Rankings, Courses, Tuition & Admissions|url=https://www.unirank.org/cd/uni/universite-officielle-de-semuliki/|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> == Historia == UOS kilianzishwa mwaka 2004.<ref name="unirank" /> Kinafanya kazi chini ya Amri ya Waziri Nambari 102/MINESU/CAB.MIN/MML/KOB/2011 ya tarehe [[21 Aprili]] [[2011]]. Chuo kilianzishwa ili kukidhi mahitaji yanayoongezeka ya [[elimu ya juu]] ya umma kwa vijana wa mji na [[Wilaya ya Beni|wilaya ya Beni]], eneo linalokabiliwa mara kwa mara na changamoto za usalama na kutengwa.<ref name="revue">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Revue Semuliki|url=https://revuesemuliki.uaconline.edu.cd/|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref><ref name="mapcarta">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=Université Officielle de Semuliki/UOS|url=https://mapcarta.com/fr/N6477793529|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> Kimekuwa kikitoa mafunzo kwa zaidi ya miaka kumi.<ref name="greve2021">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=RDC-Beni : en pleine trêve de Covid-19, le personnel de l’Université officielle de Semuliki en grève pour décrier la malversation financière|url=https://actualite.cd/2021/02/03/rdc-beni-en-pleine-treve-de-covid-19-le-personnel-de-luniversite-officielle-de-semuliki|date=2021-02-03|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> == Vitivo na mafunzo == Kufuatia mpito kutoka mfumo wa zamani hadi mfumo wa LMD (''Licence – Master – Doctorat'', yaani [[Shahada ya Awali|shahada ya awali]], [[uzamili]] na [[uzamivu]]), vitivo vya UOS sasa vinaitwa "nyanja" (''domaines'') na "idara" (''filières'').<ref name="regesu">{{Rejea tovuti|title=RegEsu {{!}} Etab Profile|url=https://regesu.minesursi.gouv.cd/etab_profil?id=279|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> Mwaka 2021 chuo kilikuwa na vitivo vinane:<ref name="greve2021" /> * [[Sheria]] * [[Somo la Uchumi|Uchumi]] * [[Agronomia|Kilimo]] * [[Tiba]] * Famasia * [[Mawasiliano|Sayansi ya habari na mawasiliano]] * Uhandisi wa kompyuta * [[Sayansi ya jamii|Sayansi za jamii]], [[siasa]] na [[utawala]] Kwa sasa mafunzo yanatolewa katika sayansi za sheria, sayansi za siasa na utawala, [[mafungamano ya kimataifa]], sayansi ya habari na mawasiliano, politekniki, sayansi za kilimo, pamoja na sayansi za uchumi na usimamizi.<ref name="revue" /> == Uongozi == Chuo kinaongozwa na kamati ya usimamizi (''comité de gestion'') inayojumuisha rekta, katibu mkuu wa kitaaluma, katibu mkuu wa utawala na msimamizi wa bajeti.<ref name="kamati2021">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=RDC-Beni : le comité de gestion de l’Université officielle de Semuliki désavoué pour malversation financière|url=https://actualite.cd/2021/02/17/rdc-beni-le-comite-de-gestion-de-luniversite-officielle-de-semuliki-desavoue-pour|date=2021-02-17|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> Mnamo Februari 2021 kamati hiyo iliongozwa na rekta José Wambale Mulwahili.<ref name="mwaka2024">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|publisher=Beni Nipashe|title=UOS-Beni: Lancement Officiel de l'année Académique 2024-2025 à l’Université Officielle de SEMULIKI|url=https://beninipashe.cd/uos-beni-lancement-officiel-de-lannee-academique-2024-2025-a-luniversite-officielle-de-semuliki/|date=2024-10-31|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> Kufikia mwaka 2022, rekta alikuwa Profesa Jean-Baptiste Paluku Ndavaro, mtaalamu wa sayansi ya habari na mawasiliano.<ref name="uor2022">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|author=Radio Elimu UOR|title=ESU RDC : Trois nouveaux Professeurs Ordinaires pour l’UOR Butembo|url=https://uor.ac/2022/09/02/esu-rdc-trois-nouveaux-professeurs-ordinaires-pour-luor-butembo/|date=2022-09-02|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> Profesa Placide Kakuru ni katibu mkuu wa kitaaluma.<ref name="mwaka2024" /> == Changamoto == === Ukosefu wa usalama === UOS iko katika eneo linaloathiriwa na ukosefu wa usalama. Mwaka 2018, mwaka wa masomo mjini Beni ulianza kwa kuchelewa kwa mwezi mmoja kutokana na mashambulizi ya kundi la waasi la ADF (''Allied Democratic Forces''); masomo yalianza tena tarehe [[19 Novemba]] katika ukumbi wa UOS.<ref name="mwaka2018">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=RDC : Une rentrée académique timide à Beni après un mois de retard|url=https://actualite.cd/2018/11/19/rdc-une-rentree-academique-timide-beni-apres-un-mois-de-retard|date=2018-11-19|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> === Migogoro ya ndani === Mnamo Februari 2021, wakati wa janga la [[COVID-19]], wafanyakazi wa kisayansi, wa utawala, wa kiufundi na wasaidizi waligoma, wakiishutumu kamati ya usimamizi kwa ubadhirifu wa fedha; ofisi ya rekta ilikanusha tuhuma hizo.<ref name="greve2021" /><ref name="kamati2021" /> Tarehe [[22 Machi]] 2021, mvutano mkali ulizuka kati ya wanafunzi na uongozi wakati masomo yalipoanza tena, mbele ya ujumbe wa Baraza la Uongozi wa Vyuo Vikuu (CAU).<ref name="okapi2021">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=Beni : vive tension entre les étudiants et corps académique de l'UOS|url=https://www.radiookapi.net/2021/03/22/actualite/societe/beni-vive-tension-entre-les-etudiants-et-corps-academique-de-luos|date=2021-03-22|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> == Mwaka wa masomo 2024–2025 == Mwaka wa masomo 2024–2025 ulizinduliwa rasmi mwishoni mwa Oktoba 2024, na mwanzo wake ulithibitishwa na katibu mkuu wa kitaaluma.<ref name="mwaka2024" /> == Tazama pia == * [[Beni (mji)]] * [[Wilaya ya Beni]] * [[Chuo Kikuu cha Goma]] * [[Chuo Kikuu cha Kinshasa]] == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-elimu}} {{Lango|Afrika}} [[Jamii:Vyuo vikuu vya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini]] stwgrxl4ok6hfy5gmx799djtbl5eqlq 1606566 1606562 2026-10-09T14:10:09Z Score Beethoven 26647 Kuondoa rejea kwenye utangulizi (inabaki kwenye sehemu ya Historia) 1606566 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox chuo kikuu | jina = Chuo Kikuu Rasmi cha Semuliki | native_name = Université Officielle de Semuliki | kimeanzishwa = 2004 | aina = [[Chuo Kikuu|Chuo kikuu]] cha umma | rector = Jean-Baptiste Paluku Ndavaro (2022) | mji = [[Beni (mji)|Beni]] | mkoa = [[Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini|Kivu Kaskazini]] | nchi = [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] }} '''Chuo Kikuu Rasmi cha Semuliki''' (kwa [[Kifaransa]]: ''Université Officielle de Semuliki'', kifupi '''UOS''') ni [[Chuo Kikuu|chuo kikuu]] cha umma kilichoko katika mji wa [[Beni (mji)|Beni]], [[Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini]], mashariki mwa [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. Kilianzishwa mwaka [[2004]] na ndicho chuo kikuu pekee cha umma katika eneo la Beni. == Historia == UOS kilianzishwa mwaka 2004.<ref name="unirank">{{Rejea tovuti|language=en|title=Université Officielle de Semuliki UOS Beni {{!}} 2026 Rankings, Courses, Tuition & Admissions|url=https://www.unirank.org/cd/uni/universite-officielle-de-semuliki/|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> Kinafanya kazi chini ya Amri ya Waziri Nambari 102/MINESU/CAB.MIN/MML/KOB/2011 ya tarehe [[21 Aprili]] [[2011]]. Chuo kilianzishwa ili kukidhi mahitaji yanayoongezeka ya [[elimu ya juu]] ya umma kwa vijana wa mji na [[Wilaya ya Beni|wilaya ya Beni]], eneo linalokabiliwa mara kwa mara na changamoto za usalama na kutengwa.<ref name="revue">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Revue Semuliki|url=https://revuesemuliki.uaconline.edu.cd/|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref><ref name="mapcarta">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=Université Officielle de Semuliki/UOS|url=https://mapcarta.com/fr/N6477793529|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> Kimekuwa kikitoa mafunzo kwa zaidi ya miaka kumi.<ref name="greve2021">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=RDC-Beni : en pleine trêve de Covid-19, le personnel de l’Université officielle de Semuliki en grève pour décrier la malversation financière|url=https://actualite.cd/2021/02/03/rdc-beni-en-pleine-treve-de-covid-19-le-personnel-de-luniversite-officielle-de-semuliki|date=2021-02-03|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> == Vitivo na mafunzo == Kufuatia mpito kutoka mfumo wa zamani hadi mfumo wa LMD (''Licence – Master – Doctorat'', yaani [[Shahada ya Awali|shahada ya awali]], [[uzamili]] na [[uzamivu]]), vitivo vya UOS sasa vinaitwa "nyanja" (''domaines'') na "idara" (''filières'').<ref name="regesu">{{Rejea tovuti|title=RegEsu {{!}} Etab Profile|url=https://regesu.minesursi.gouv.cd/etab_profil?id=279|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> Mwaka 2021 chuo kilikuwa na vitivo vinane:<ref name="greve2021" /> * [[Sheria]] * [[Somo la Uchumi|Uchumi]] * [[Agronomia|Kilimo]] * [[Tiba]] * Famasia * [[Mawasiliano|Sayansi ya habari na mawasiliano]] * Uhandisi wa kompyuta * [[Sayansi ya jamii|Sayansi za jamii]], [[siasa]] na [[utawala]] Kwa sasa mafunzo yanatolewa katika sayansi za sheria, sayansi za siasa na utawala, [[mafungamano ya kimataifa]], sayansi ya habari na mawasiliano, politekniki, sayansi za kilimo, pamoja na sayansi za uchumi na usimamizi.<ref name="revue" /> == Uongozi == Chuo kinaongozwa na kamati ya usimamizi (''comité de gestion'') inayojumuisha rekta, katibu mkuu wa kitaaluma, katibu mkuu wa utawala na msimamizi wa bajeti.<ref name="kamati2021">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=RDC-Beni : le comité de gestion de l’Université officielle de Semuliki désavoué pour malversation financière|url=https://actualite.cd/2021/02/17/rdc-beni-le-comite-de-gestion-de-luniversite-officielle-de-semuliki-desavoue-pour|date=2021-02-17|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> Mnamo Februari 2021 kamati hiyo iliongozwa na rekta José Wambale Mulwahili.<ref name="mwaka2024">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|publisher=Beni Nipashe|title=UOS-Beni: Lancement Officiel de l'année Académique 2024-2025 à l’Université Officielle de SEMULIKI|url=https://beninipashe.cd/uos-beni-lancement-officiel-de-lannee-academique-2024-2025-a-luniversite-officielle-de-semuliki/|date=2024-10-31|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> Kufikia mwaka 2022, rekta alikuwa Profesa Jean-Baptiste Paluku Ndavaro, mtaalamu wa sayansi ya habari na mawasiliano.<ref name="uor2022">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|author=Radio Elimu UOR|title=ESU RDC : Trois nouveaux Professeurs Ordinaires pour l’UOR Butembo|url=https://uor.ac/2022/09/02/esu-rdc-trois-nouveaux-professeurs-ordinaires-pour-luor-butembo/|date=2022-09-02|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> Profesa Placide Kakuru ni katibu mkuu wa kitaaluma.<ref name="mwaka2024" /> == Changamoto == === Ukosefu wa usalama === UOS iko katika eneo linaloathiriwa na ukosefu wa usalama. Mwaka 2018, mwaka wa masomo mjini Beni ulianza kwa kuchelewa kwa mwezi mmoja kutokana na mashambulizi ya kundi la waasi la ADF (''Allied Democratic Forces''); masomo yalianza tena tarehe [[19 Novemba]] katika ukumbi wa UOS.<ref name="mwaka2018">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=RDC : Une rentrée académique timide à Beni après un mois de retard|url=https://actualite.cd/2018/11/19/rdc-une-rentree-academique-timide-beni-apres-un-mois-de-retard|date=2018-11-19|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> === Migogoro ya ndani === Mnamo Februari 2021, wakati wa janga la [[COVID-19]], wafanyakazi wa kisayansi, wa utawala, wa kiufundi na wasaidizi waligoma, wakiishutumu kamati ya usimamizi kwa ubadhirifu wa fedha; ofisi ya rekta ilikanusha tuhuma hizo.<ref name="greve2021" /><ref name="kamati2021" /> Tarehe [[22 Machi]] 2021, mvutano mkali ulizuka kati ya wanafunzi na uongozi wakati masomo yalipoanza tena, mbele ya ujumbe wa Baraza la Uongozi wa Vyuo Vikuu (CAU).<ref name="okapi2021">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=Beni : vive tension entre les étudiants et corps académique de l'UOS|url=https://www.radiookapi.net/2021/03/22/actualite/societe/beni-vive-tension-entre-les-etudiants-et-corps-academique-de-luos|date=2021-03-22|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> == Mwaka wa masomo 2024–2025 == Mwaka wa masomo 2024–2025 ulizinduliwa rasmi mwishoni mwa Oktoba 2024, na mwanzo wake ulithibitishwa na katibu mkuu wa kitaaluma.<ref name="mwaka2024" /> == Tazama pia == * [[Beni (mji)]] * [[Wilaya ya Beni]] * [[Chuo Kikuu cha Goma]] * [[Chuo Kikuu cha Kinshasa]] == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-elimu}} {{Lango|Afrika}} [[Jamii:Vyuo vikuu vya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini]] a5eakfhrsvtwd3pshy2owswxscwp3qn 1606569 1606566 2026-10-09T14:11:53Z Score Beethoven 26647 Historia: kuongeza kuwa ni chuo kikuu pekee cha umma Beni, pamoja na rejea 1606569 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox chuo kikuu | jina = Chuo Kikuu Rasmi cha Semuliki | native_name = Université Officielle de Semuliki | kimeanzishwa = 2004 | aina = [[Chuo Kikuu|Chuo kikuu]] cha umma | rector = Jean-Baptiste Paluku Ndavaro (2022) | mji = [[Beni (mji)|Beni]] | mkoa = [[Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini|Kivu Kaskazini]] | nchi = [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] }} '''Chuo Kikuu Rasmi cha Semuliki''' (kwa [[Kifaransa]]: ''Université Officielle de Semuliki'', kifupi '''UOS''') ni [[Chuo Kikuu|chuo kikuu]] cha umma kilichoko katika mji wa [[Beni (mji)|Beni]], [[Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini]], mashariki mwa [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. Kilianzishwa mwaka [[2004]] na ndicho chuo kikuu pekee cha umma katika eneo la Beni. == Historia == UOS kilianzishwa mwaka 2004.<ref name="unirank">{{Rejea tovuti|language=en|title=Université Officielle de Semuliki UOS Beni {{!}} 2026 Rankings, Courses, Tuition & Admissions|url=https://www.unirank.org/cd/uni/universite-officielle-de-semuliki/|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> Kinafanya kazi chini ya Amri ya Waziri Nambari 102/MINESU/CAB.MIN/MML/KOB/2011 ya tarehe [[21 Aprili]] [[2011]]. Chuo kilianzishwa ili kukidhi mahitaji yanayoongezeka ya [[elimu ya juu]] ya umma kwa vijana wa mji na [[Wilaya ya Beni|wilaya ya Beni]], eneo linalokabiliwa mara kwa mara na changamoto za usalama na kutengwa.<ref name="revue">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Revue Semuliki|url=https://revuesemuliki.uaconline.edu.cd/|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref><ref name="mapcarta">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=Université Officielle de Semuliki/UOS|url=https://mapcarta.com/fr/N6477793529|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> Ndicho chuo kikuu pekee cha umma katika eneo la Beni, na kimekuwa kikitoa mafunzo kwa zaidi ya miaka kumi.<ref name="unirank" /><ref name="greve2021">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=RDC-Beni : en pleine trêve de Covid-19, le personnel de l’Université officielle de Semuliki en grève pour décrier la malversation financière|url=https://actualite.cd/2021/02/03/rdc-beni-en-pleine-treve-de-covid-19-le-personnel-de-luniversite-officielle-de-semuliki|date=2021-02-03|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> == Vitivo na mafunzo == Kufuatia mpito kutoka mfumo wa zamani hadi mfumo wa LMD (''Licence – Master – Doctorat'', yaani [[Shahada ya Awali|shahada ya awali]], [[uzamili]] na [[uzamivu]]), vitivo vya UOS sasa vinaitwa "nyanja" (''domaines'') na "idara" (''filières'').<ref name="regesu">{{Rejea tovuti|title=RegEsu {{!}} Etab Profile|url=https://regesu.minesursi.gouv.cd/etab_profil?id=279|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> Mwaka 2021 chuo kilikuwa na vitivo vinane:<ref name="greve2021" /> * [[Sheria]] * [[Somo la Uchumi|Uchumi]] * [[Agronomia|Kilimo]] * [[Tiba]] * Famasia * [[Mawasiliano|Sayansi ya habari na mawasiliano]] * Uhandisi wa kompyuta * [[Sayansi ya jamii|Sayansi za jamii]], [[siasa]] na [[utawala]] Kwa sasa mafunzo yanatolewa katika sayansi za sheria, sayansi za siasa na utawala, [[mafungamano ya kimataifa]], sayansi ya habari na mawasiliano, politekniki, sayansi za kilimo, pamoja na sayansi za uchumi na usimamizi.<ref name="revue" /> == Uongozi == Chuo kinaongozwa na kamati ya usimamizi (''comité de gestion'') inayojumuisha rekta, katibu mkuu wa kitaaluma, katibu mkuu wa utawala na msimamizi wa bajeti.<ref name="kamati2021">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=RDC-Beni : le comité de gestion de l’Université officielle de Semuliki désavoué pour malversation financière|url=https://actualite.cd/2021/02/17/rdc-beni-le-comite-de-gestion-de-luniversite-officielle-de-semuliki-desavoue-pour|date=2021-02-17|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> Mnamo Februari 2021 kamati hiyo iliongozwa na rekta José Wambale Mulwahili.<ref name="mwaka2024">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|publisher=Beni Nipashe|title=UOS-Beni: Lancement Officiel de l'année Académique 2024-2025 à l’Université Officielle de SEMULIKI|url=https://beninipashe.cd/uos-beni-lancement-officiel-de-lannee-academique-2024-2025-a-luniversite-officielle-de-semuliki/|date=2024-10-31|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> Kufikia mwaka 2022, rekta alikuwa Profesa Jean-Baptiste Paluku Ndavaro, mtaalamu wa sayansi ya habari na mawasiliano.<ref name="uor2022">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|author=Radio Elimu UOR|title=ESU RDC : Trois nouveaux Professeurs Ordinaires pour l’UOR Butembo|url=https://uor.ac/2022/09/02/esu-rdc-trois-nouveaux-professeurs-ordinaires-pour-luor-butembo/|date=2022-09-02|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> Profesa Placide Kakuru ni katibu mkuu wa kitaaluma.<ref name="mwaka2024" /> == Changamoto == === Ukosefu wa usalama === UOS iko katika eneo linaloathiriwa na ukosefu wa usalama. Mwaka 2018, mwaka wa masomo mjini Beni ulianza kwa kuchelewa kwa mwezi mmoja kutokana na mashambulizi ya kundi la waasi la ADF (''Allied Democratic Forces''); masomo yalianza tena tarehe [[19 Novemba]] katika ukumbi wa UOS.<ref name="mwaka2018">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=RDC : Une rentrée académique timide à Beni après un mois de retard|url=https://actualite.cd/2018/11/19/rdc-une-rentree-academique-timide-beni-apres-un-mois-de-retard|date=2018-11-19|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> === Migogoro ya ndani === Mnamo Februari 2021, wakati wa janga la [[COVID-19]], wafanyakazi wa kisayansi, wa utawala, wa kiufundi na wasaidizi waligoma, wakiishutumu kamati ya usimamizi kwa ubadhirifu wa fedha; ofisi ya rekta ilikanusha tuhuma hizo.<ref name="greve2021" /><ref name="kamati2021" /> Tarehe [[22 Machi]] 2021, mvutano mkali ulizuka kati ya wanafunzi na uongozi wakati masomo yalipoanza tena, mbele ya ujumbe wa Baraza la Uongozi wa Vyuo Vikuu (CAU).<ref name="okapi2021">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=Beni : vive tension entre les étudiants et corps académique de l'UOS|url=https://www.radiookapi.net/2021/03/22/actualite/societe/beni-vive-tension-entre-les-etudiants-et-corps-academique-de-luos|date=2021-03-22|accessdate=2026-10-08}}</ref> == Mwaka wa masomo 2024–2025 == Mwaka wa masomo 2024–2025 ulizinduliwa rasmi mwishoni mwa Oktoba 2024, na mwanzo wake ulithibitishwa na katibu mkuu wa kitaaluma.<ref name="mwaka2024" /> == Tazama pia == * [[Beni (mji)]] * [[Wilaya ya Beni]] * [[Chuo Kikuu cha Goma]] * [[Chuo Kikuu cha Kinshasa]] == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-elimu}} {{Lango|Afrika}} [[Jamii:Vyuo vikuu vya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini]] 8hzclkh7mida718pb62e4245yj4uo8v 2 253947 1606560 2026-10-09T14:05:38Z ווסטוק 93048 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{subst:FULLPAGENAME}}' 1606560 wikitext text/x-wiki Mtumiaji:ווסטוק/ukurasa wa majaribio q1xej22rullku06b6t4gmjd88ha1bi4 1606561 1606560 2026-10-09T14:06:36Z ווסטוק 93048 1606561 wikitext text/x-wiki Mtumiaji:ווסטוק/ukurasa wa majaribio * [[:en: user: {{PAGENAME}}]] * [[:sw: user: {{PAGENAME}}]] * [[:en: {{FULLPAGENAME}}]] * [[:sw: {{FULLPAGENAME}}]] 76ol8kmyf6kbjd4u3w37jyq9kujsl31 0 253948 1606563 2026-10-09T14:06:42Z Score Beethoven 26647 Score Beethoven alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Chuo Chikuu kya Semuliki]] hadi [[Chuo Kikuu cha Semuliki]]: Kusahihisha tahajia ya jina (Chikuu kya → Kikuu cha) 1606563 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Chuo Kikuu cha Semuliki]] gy8sqi7p8mz5x679wbx0hp70400t402 0 253949 1606596 2026-10-09T18:55:26Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606596 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Premios Goya 2018 - Concha Velasco.jpg|thumb|Concha Velasco]] '''Concepción Velasco Varona''' ([[29 Novemba]] [[1939]] – [[2 Desemba]] [[2023]]), aliyejulikana kitaaluma kama Concha Velasco, pia alijulikana kama Conchita Velasco, alikuwa [[mwigizaji]], [[mwimbaji]], dansi, mtangazaji wa [[televisheni]] na mtayarishaji wa maonyesho ya jukwaani wa [[Kihispania]]. Katika kipindi cha kazi yake kilichodumu kwa zaidi ya miongo sita, alipokea [[tuzo]] nyingi kutokana na mchango wake katika [[filamu]], ukumbi wa michezo na televisheni. Tuzo hizo zilijumuisha Tuzo mbili za Kitaifa za Ukumbi wa Michezo, alizotunukiwa na Wizara ya Utamaduni ya Uhispania mwaka 1972 na 2016; Tuzo ya Mafanikio ya Maisha Yote, aliyopewa na Chuo cha Televisheni cha Uhispania mwaka 2009; na Tuzo ya Heshima ya Goya, aliyopewa na Chuo cha Filamu cha Uhispania mwaka 2012.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0892260/</ref><ref>https://www.discogs.com/artist/985963-Conchita-Velasco</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1939]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2023]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} rfyycu2n1rgxk1mwzkix28o54wz2zty 0 253950 1606597 2026-10-09T19:01:27Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606597 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Sara Montiel en 1954 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Sara Montiel]] '''María Antonia Abad Fernández''' ([[10 Machi]] [[1928]] – [[8 Aprili]] [[2013]]), aliyejulikana kitaaluma kama Sara Montiel, pia alijulikana kama Sarita Montiel, alikuwa [[mwigizaji]] na mwimbaji wa [[Kihispania]]. Alianza kazi yake katika [[miaka]] ya 1940 na kufikia miaka ya 1960 akawa nyota wa sinema ya Uhispania aliyekuwa maarufu zaidi kimataifa na aliyelipwa mshahara mkubwa zaidi. Alishiriki katika takribani [[filamu]] 50 na kurekodi karibu nyimbo 500 katika lugha tano tofauti. Montiel alizaliwa mwaka 1928 katika mji wa Campo de Criptana, ulioko katika eneo la La Mancha.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0600060/</ref><ref>https://www.abc.es/cultura/20130408/abci-muere-sara-montiel-mito-201304081237.html</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1928]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2013]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} 2s5t3x3lq1mbtkg7qaxid3483ehwnv7 0 253951 1606598 2026-10-09T19:06:36Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606598 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Amparo Baró San Martín''' ([[21 Septemba]] [[1937]] – [[29 Januari]] [[2015]]) alikuwa [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Kihispania]]. Alianza kufanya kazi katika ukumbi wa michezo pamoja na Adolfo Marsillach. Alipata sifa kubwa kutoka kwa wakosoaji na umaarufu miongoni mwa watazamaji kupitia jukumu lake la “Sole” katika kipindi cha [[televisheni]] cha 7 Vidas. Kazi yake ya uigizaji ilidumu kwa zaidi ya miaka 50. Alifanya kazi katika maigizo ya jukwaani, [[filamu]] na vipindi vya televisheni. == Maisha == Aligundua kipaji na shauku yake ya uigizaji baada ya ndugu zake kumpeleka kwenye ukumbi wa michezo. Miaka 20 baadaye, alianza kuigiza jukwaani. Hapo ndipo ilipoanza safari ya kazi ya mwigizaji huyu mwenye kipaji na sura ya ujana, akipata nafasi katika maigizo ya jukwaani na filamu. Baada ya kumaliza elimu ya sekondari akiwa na umri mdogo, alianza shughuli zake za kisanii kwa kujiunga na vikundi mbalimbali vya maigizo vya wapenzi wa sanaa katika eneo alikozaliwa la [[Catalonia]].<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0059575/</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1937]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2015]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} 9aet8bzy5neokzi39z99tmptimynybq 0 253952 1606599 2026-10-09T19:12:02Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606599 wikitext text/x-wiki '''María del Pilar Bardem Muñoz''' ([[14 Machi]] [[1939]] – [[17 Julai]] [[2021]]) alikuwa [[mwigizaji]] wa [[filamu]] na [[televisheni]] kutoka [[Hispania]]. Mwaka 1996, alishinda [[tuzo]] ya Goya ya Mwigizaji Bora Msaidizi kutokana na jukumu lake katika filamu ya Nobody Will Speak of Us When We're Dead. Alikuwa [[mama]] wa Carlos Bardem, Mónica Bardem na Javier Bardem. == Maisha ya awali na kazi == Pilar Bardem alizaliwa mjini [[Sevilla|Seville]] tarehe 14 Machi 1939. Baba yake alikuwa Rafael Bardem, mwigizaji kutoka Barcelona, na mama yake alikuwa Matilde Muñoz Sampedro, mwigizaji kutoka Madrid. Wakati wa kuzaliwa kwake, wazazi wake walikuwa wakifanya kazi katika kampuni ya maigizo ya Carmen Díaz.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0054224/</ref><ref>https://elpais.com/diario/2004/06/12/espana/1086991206_850215.html</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1939]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2021]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} c2gtggwxslron9zbazfhlusv99u1vbi 0 253953 1606600 2026-10-09T19:17:41Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606600 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Angelines Fernández circa 1940s photograph.png|thumb|Angelines Fernández ]] '''María de los Ángeles Fernández Abad''' ([[30 Julai]] [[1924]] – [[25 Machi]] [[1994]]), aliyejulikana kitaaluma kama Angelines Fernández, alikuwa [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Meksiko|Mexico]]. Anakumbukwa zaidi kwa kucheza nafasi ya Doña Clotilde, aliyepewa jina la utani la “La Bruja del 71”, katika kipindi cha [[vichekesho]] cha [[televisheni]] El Chavo del Ocho. Alikuwa mkimbizi aliyepinga utawala wa Francisco Franco nchini [[Hispania]]. Kuanzia mwaka 1947 hadi mwisho wa maisha yake, aliishi Mexico, isipokuwa kwa kipindi kifupi alichoishi [[Cuba]]. == Maisha na kazi == María de los Ángeles Fernández Abad, ambaye pia alijulikana kama María de los Angelines Fernández Abad, alizaliwa tarehe 30 Julai 1924 mjini Madrid, Hispania.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0273390/</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1924]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1994]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} 6l3ce06eyf2t6d2faftredb7d55zec2 1606602 1606600 2026-10-09T19:27:36Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 1606602 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Angelines Fernández circa 1940s photograph.png|thumb|Angelines Fernández ]] '''María de los Ángeles Fernández Abad''' ([[30 Julai]] [[1924]] – [[25 Machi]] [[1994]]), aliyejulikana kitaaluma kama Angelines Fernández, alikuwa [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Meksiko|Mexico]]. Anakumbukwa zaidi kwa kucheza nafasi ya Doña Clotilde, aliyepewa jina la utani la “La Bruja del 71”, katika kipindi cha [[vichekesho]] cha [[televisheni]] El Chavo del Ocho. Alikuwa mkimbizi aliyepinga utawala wa Francisco Franco nchini [[Hispania]]. Kuanzia mwaka 1947 hadi mwisho wa maisha yake, aliishi Mexico, isipokuwa kwa kipindi kifupi alichoishi [[Cuba]]. == Maisha na kazi == María de los Ángeles Fernández Abad, ambaye pia alijulikana kama María de los Angelines Fernández Abad, alizaliwa tarehe 30 Julai 1924 mjini Madrid, Hispania.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0273390/</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1924]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1994]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Meksiko]] ik8s0oxqmechqgk8z719h1htbovxcah 0 253954 1606601 2026-10-09T19:25:35Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606601 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jordi Mollà Perales''' ni [[mwigizaji]], msanii, [[mwandishi]] na mtengenezaji wa [[filamu]] kutoka [[Hispania]], aliyezaliwa katika eneo la Catalonia. Amewahi kuteuliwa mara tatu kuwania [[tuzo]] ya Goya ya Mwigizaji Bora kutokana na uigizaji wake katika filamu za The Lucky Star (1997), Second Skin (1999) na El cónsul de Sodoma (2009). == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Jordi Mollà y Perales alizaliwa na kukulia katika eneo la L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, katika Mkoa wa Barcelona. Alipata mafunzo katika taasisi ya [[sanaa]] za maigizo ya Institut del Teatre, kisha akaendeleza masomo yake nchini [[Italia]], [[Hungaria]] na [[Uingereza]]. Lugha zake za kwanza ni Kikatalani na Kihispania. Pia anazungumza Kiingereza, Kiitaliano na [[Kifaransa]] kwa ufasaha.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0003244/</ref><ref>https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-reviews/hunting-season-review-mel-gibson-rj-collins-1236437848/</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1968]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} cev7hlmqip375xxai2uypp25h1mna5f 0 253955 1606603 2026-10-09T19:33:16Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606603 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Luis López Tosar''' (alizaliwa [[13 Oktoba]] [[1971]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Kihispania]] kutoka eneo la Galicia. Ni miongoni mwa waigizaji wanaotambulika sana nchini Hispania na anajulikana kwa uwezo wake wa kuigiza nafasi mbalimbali. Alianza kuigiza katika [[filamu]] mwaka 1998 kupitia Atilano for President. Baadaye alishiriki katika filamu nyingine, zikiwemo Flowers from Another World ([[1999]]), Common Wealth ([[2000]]) na No News from God (2001). Alianza kupata sifa na kutambuliwa kupitia uigizaji wake katika filamu za Mondays in the Sun ([[2002]]) na Take My Eyes (2003). Kazi yake ilipata mabadiliko makubwa baada ya kucheza nafasi ya Malamadre katika filamu ya Cell 211 (2009). Baada ya hapo, mara nyingi alipewa nafasi zinazofanana katika filamu za kusisimua na zenye taharuki. Aliendelea kuigiza katika filamu mbalimbali, zikiwemo El Niño ([[2014]]), Retribution (2015), Gun City ([[2018]]), Eye for an Eye (2019), Code Name: Emperor ([[2022]]), On the Fringe (2022), All the Names of God (2023), Fatum ([[2023]]), Undercover (2024) na Golpes ([[2025]]).<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0869088/</ref><ref>https://www.20minutos.es/cinemania/noticias/luis-tosar-o-como-se-construye-un-gran-actor-139456/</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1971]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} efvz1t019vexqpooyiw05iir7ebswug 0 253956 1606604 2026-10-09T19:41:37Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606604 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Álvaro Rico Ladera''' (alizaliwa [[13 Agosti]] [[1996]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Kihispania]]. Anajulikana kwa kucheza nafasi ya Polo katika [[tamthilia]] ya vijana ya Elite. == Kazi ya uigizaji == Mwaka [[2011]], alianza kazi yake ya uigizaji katika toleo la jukwaani la La Celestina. Alianza kuonekana kwenye [[televisheni]] mwaka 2017, katika kipindi kimoja cha Medical Center. Mwaka huo huo, alicheza nafasi ya Nicolás katika kipindi cha Velvet Colección. Mnamo [[Desemba]] [[2017]], ilitangazwa kuwa angekuwa miongoni mwa waigizaji wakuu wa tamthilia ya vijana ya Elite. Katika tamthilia hiyo, aliigiza kama Polo, kijana mwenye mvuto wa kimapenzi kwa jinsia zote mbili ambaye alikuwa katika uhusiano wa kimapenzi wa watu watatu pamoja na [[Mwanafunzi|wanafunzi]] wenzake wawili.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm9337057/</ref><ref>https://www.allocine.fr/personne/fichepersonne_gen_cpersonne=830665.html</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1996]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} d3dxcn8qmrnn2d5515j1me868jyi1fy 0 253957 1606605 2026-10-09T19:47:38Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606605 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Goyas 2023 - Manu Ríos (cropped).jpg|thumb|Manu Ríos ]] '''Manuel Ríos Fernández''' (alizaliwa [[17 Desemba]] [[1998]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] na [[mwimbaji]] wa [[Kihispania]]. Alipata umaarufu kupitia nafasi yake katika [[tamthilia]] ya vijana ya Elite, iliyorushwa na Netflix kuanzia mwaka 2021 hadi 2022. Baadaye, alipata nafasi kuu katika tamthilia za La edad de la ira (2022) na Breathless (2024 hadi sasa). Mwaka 2026, alifanya kwa mara ya kwanza uigizaji katika [[filamu]] ndefu kupitia My Dearest Señorita. == Maisha ya awali == Manuel Ríos Fernández alizaliwa tarehe 17 Desemba 1998 katika mji mdogo wa Calzada de Calatrava, ulioko katika Mkoa wa Ciudad Real, Hispania. [[Mama]] yake ni kinyozi na baba yake ni fundi umeme. Ana kaka mmoja mkubwa.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1951309/</ref><ref>https://www.revistagq.com/noticias/articulo/manu-rios-entrevista-elite-la-edad-de-la-ira-referentes-belleza</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1998]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} gy8yj5bgzl1siojz9v9oentez7g0psy 0 253958 1606606 2026-10-09T19:54:18Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606606 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Miguel Ángel Bernardeau Duato''' (alizaliwa [[12 Desemba]] [[1996]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Kihispania]]. == Wasifu == Miguel Ángel Bernardeau Duato alizaliwa tarehe 12 Desemba 1996 mjini Valencia, Hispania. Ni mwana wa mtayarishaji wa vipindi vya [[televisheni]] Miguel Ángel Bernardeau na mwigizaji Ana Duato. Ana dada mdogo anayeitwa María, ambaye pia amejihusisha na kazi ya uigizaji. Alisomea [[sanaa]] za maigizo nchini [[Marekani]] katika Santa Monica College, na pia akasomea uigizaji katika American Academy of Dramatic Arts, iliyoko Los Angeles, California. Alianza kuigiza katika filamu ndefu kupitia [[filamu]] ya [[vichekesho]] It's for Your Own Good ([[2017]]).<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm8149945/</ref><ref>https://kurandaweb.com/portfolio-item/bernardeau-miguel/</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1996]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} 83xc5sjskhlfgorxx0mshyk260hu9id 0 253959 1606607 2026-10-09T19:59:09Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606607 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Itzan Escamilla Guerrero''' (alizaliwa [[31 Oktoba]] [[1997]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Kihispania]] anayejulikana kwa kazi zake katika [[filamu]] na mfululizo wa vipindi vinavyotazamwa kupitia majukwaa ya utiririshaji. Anajulikana zaidi kwa kucheza nafasi kuu ya Samuel García katika [[tamthilia]] ya vijana yenye taharuki ya Élite, iliyorushwa kupitia Netflix. Aidha, atashiriki katika En busca de Cortés, filamu ya hali halisi inayohusu maisha ya babu yake, Teo Escamilla. == Maisha ya awali == Escamilla alizaliwa tarehe 31 Oktoba 1997 mjini Madrid, Hispania, na alikulia katika eneo la Hortaleza. Ni mwana wa Jacobo Escamilla, mtayarishaji wa vipindi vya televisheni, na Silvia Guerrero, [[mwanamitindo]]. Pia ni mjukuu wa Teo Escamilla, aliyekuwa [[mpiga picha]] wa filamu.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm8241694/</ref><ref>https://www.esquire.com/es/actualidad/tv/a28828303/itzan-escamilla-elite-segunda-temporada-samuel-entrevista/</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1997]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} qlxy67m00oyhsg9tj2qt773orgbz81i 0 253960 1606608 2026-10-09T20:21:12Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606608 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Arón Julio Manuel Piper Barbero''' (alizaliwa [[29 Machi]] [[1997]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] na [[mwimbaji]] [[mtunzi]] wa nyimbo mwenye asili ya [[Ujerumani]] na [[Hispania]]. Anajulikana zaidi kwa kucheza nafasi ya Ander Muñoz katika [[tamthilia]] ya vijana ya Elite, iliyoonyeshwa kupitia Netflix kuanzia mwaka 2018 hadi 2021. Mnamo Aprili 2020, Piper alitoa wimbo wake wa kwanza uitwao Sigo, akitumia jina la kisanii ARON. Albamu yake ya kwanza, En tus sueños (Vol. 1), ilitolewa Machi 2023. == Maisha ya awali na maisha binafsi == Piper alizaliwa mwaka 1997 mjini Berlin, Ujerumani, akiwa na [[baba]] mwenye asili ya Kijerumani na [[mama]] mwenye asili ya Kihispania. Alipokuwa na umri wa miaka mitano, [[familia]] yake ilihamia Hispania. Baada ya kuishi kwa miaka kadhaa katika eneo la Catalonia, hususan Barcelona na Garrotxa, familia yake ilihamia Asturias. Huko, aliishi katika miji ya Avilés na Luarca.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1422693/</ref><ref>https://www.legit.ng/1408287-aron-piper-biography-age-height-parents-movies-and-tv-shows.html</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1997]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Ujerumani]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} t03ufzh750qz6fgxw4ynpr7yz65qr8g 0 253961 1606609 2026-10-09T20:27:11Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606609 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Festival de Málaga 2024 - Jaime Lorente (cropped).jpg|thumb|Jaime Lorente]] '''Jaime Lorente López''' (alizaliwa [[12 Desemba]] [[1991]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Kihispania]]. Anajulikana zaidi kwa kucheza nafasi ya Denver katika mfululizo wa vipindi vya Money Heist. == Elimu == Jaime Lorente López alizaliwa tarehe 12 Desemba 1991. Alisomea sanaa ya uigizaji katika Shule ya Juu ya [[Sanaa]] ya Uigizaji ya Murcia (ESAD Murcia) na kupata [[shahada ya uzamili]] katika masomo ya juu kutoka [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha Kimataifa cha La Rioja (UNIR), kilichopo Logroño. == Kazi == Lorente aliigiza katika [[tamthilia]] ya jukwaani ya Equus, ambayo ilimwezesha kushinda [[tuzo]] ya mwigizaji bora katika toleo la kwanza la Tuzo za María Jesús Sirvent. Pia ameshiriki katika tamthilia nyingine za jukwaani, zikiwemo El público, La vengadora de las mujeres, El secreto a voces na De fuera vendrá.<ref>https://www.telemadrid.es/noticias/cultura/Jaime-Lorente-debuta-como-director-con-Susi-Sanchez-como-protagonista-0-2806219367--20250812045251.html</ref><ref>https://www.elmundo.es/extras/soho/2020/12/17/5fdb587bfc6c8306688b46d4.html</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1991]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} i2ic4ntezl1q1s5sz5w27gnvgjx5qky 0 253962 1606610 2026-10-09T20:33:23Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606610 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Fernando Rey.jpg|thumb|Fernando Rey]] '''Fernando Casado Arambillet''' ([[20 Septemba]] [[1917]] – [[9 Machi]] [[1994]]), aliyefahamika zaidi kwa jina la Fernando Rey, alikuwa [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Kihispania]] aliyeigiza katika [[filamu]], [[tamthilia]] za jukwaani na vipindi vya [[televisheni]] barani Ulaya na nchini [[Marekani]]. Rey alijulikana kwa mwonekano wake wa kuvutia na wenye haiba. Alifahamika zaidi kupitia nafasi alizoigiza katika filamu za mkurugenzi wa filamu za uhalisia wa ndoto, Luis Buñuel, zikiwemo Viridiana (1961), Tristana (1970), Discreet Charm of the Bourgeoisie (1972) na That Obscure Object of Desire (1977). Pia alijulikana kwa kucheza nafasi ya Alain Charnier, [[mfanyabiashara]] mkubwa wa [[dawa za kulevya]], katika filamu za The French Connection (1971) na French Connection II (1975). Katika kipindi cha zaidi ya nusu karne, alishiriki katika filamu zaidi ya 150. Mtayarishaji wa The French Connection, Philip D’Antoni, alimwelezea Rey, aliyekuwa na haiba ya kiungwana, kama “wa mwisho kati ya wanaume wa aina ya bara la Ulaya.”<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0721073/</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1917]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1994]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} 8kv6l69w8r5hmnz6y0q7n9n4f10kvs3 0 253963 1606612 2026-10-09T20:38:38Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606612 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Francisco Rabal Valera''' ([[8 Machi]] [[1926]] – [[29 Agosti]] [[2001]]), aliyefahamika zaidi kwa jina la Paco Rabal, alikuwa [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Kihispania]]. Kati ya mwaka 1942 na 2001, alishiriki katika nafasi zaidi ya 200 katika [[filamu]] na vipindi vya [[televisheni]]. Alipokea [[tuzo]] nyingi nchini Hispania na nje ya nchi, zikiwemo Tuzo ya Mwigizaji Bora katika Tamasha la Filamu la Cannes na Tuzo ya Goya ya Mwigizaji Bora. Rabal alijulikana kimataifa zaidi kupitia ushirikiano wake na mkurugenzi wa filamu Luis Buñuel. Ronald Bergan aliandika kwamba katika nafasi zake nyingine nyingi muhimu, Rabal aliendelea kuonyesha athari ya kipekee ya mtindo wa ajabu na wa kuvunja desturi uliotambulisha kazi za mkurugenzi huyo mashuhuri. Pia alifanya [[kazi]] na wakurugenzi wengine wengi maarufu, wakiwemo Carlos Saura, Pedro Almodóvar, William Friedkin, Michelangelo Antonioni, Claude Chabrol, Luchino Visconti na Gillo Pontecorvo. Katika kipindi cha maisha yake, Rabal alikuwa miongoni mwa waigizaji waliopendwa na kusifiwa sana nchini Hispania. Pia alijulikana kwa kujitolea kwake katika kutetea [[haki za binadamu]] na masuala mengine ya kijamii.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0704719/</ref><ref>https://www.theguardian.com/news/2001/sep/14/guardianobituaries.filmnews</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1926]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2001]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} pfy7w5snyksfve5i6fsdmtpk9ky20yv 0 253964 1606613 2026-10-09T20:44:17Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606613 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alfredo Landa Areta''' ([[3 Machi]] [[1933]] – [[9 Mei]] [[2013]]) alikuwa [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Kihispania]]. == Wasifu == Alizaliwa mjini Pamplona, katika eneo la Navarre, Hispania. Alimaliza masomo yake ya kabla ya [[Chuo Kikuu|chuo kikuu]] mjini San Sebastián. Baadaye alianza kusomea sheria katika chuo kikuu, ambako pia alianza kushiriki katika vikundi vya maigizo vya [[wanafunzi]]. Hata hivyo, aliacha chuo kikuu na kuelekeza nguvu zake katika kazi ya uigizaji wa jukwaani. Baada ya kufanya kazi kwa muda mfupi kama mwigizaji wa sauti katika [[filamu]] zilizotafsiriwa kwa sauti nyingine katika miaka ya 1950, alipata nafasi yake ya kwanza muhimu katika filamu ya Atraco a las tres, iliyoongozwa na José María Forqué mwaka [[1962]]. Wakati filamu za vichekesho vyenye maudhui ya ngono zilipoanza kushamiri katika tasnia ya filamu ya Hispania, Landa alijulikana kwa kucheza wahusika waliokuwa na ukandamizaji wa hamu za kingono. Alifanya hivyo hasa katika filamu zilizoongozwa na Mariano Ozores na Pedro Lazaga. Mtindo huu wa filamu ulikuja kujulikana kama landismo.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0484376/</ref><ref>https://elpais.com/diario/1984/06/18/opinion/456357614_850215.html</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1933]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2013]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} d9hmx7oisylbxixhgw0ykmxmo72t6d2 0 253965 1606614 2026-10-09T20:50:01Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606614 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Celso Bugallo (Crop).jpg|thumb|Celso Bugallo]] '''Celso Bugallo Aguiar''' ([[1 Januari]] [[1947]] – [[20 Desemba]] [[2025]]) alikuwa [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Kihispania]] kutoka Galicia. Alijulikana kama mwigizaji wa nafasi za kusaidia katika filamu mbalimbali, zikiwemo Mondays in the Sun, The Sea Inside, The Night of the Sunflowers na The Good Boss. Kwa uigizaji wake katika [[filamu]] The Sea Inside, alishinda [[Tuzo]] ya Goya ya Mwigizaji Bora Msaidizi. == Maisha na kazi == Bugallo alizaliwa tarehe 1 Januari 1947 katika eneo la Vilalonga, Sanxenxo, ambako alilelewa hadi alipokuwa na umri wa [[miaka]] 10. Baada ya [[baba]] yake kuachiliwa kutoka chini ya utawala wa Franco katika miaka ya 1950, Bugallo alihamia pamoja na [[familia]] yake mjini Bilbao, kisha wakahamia Logroño. Akiwa Logroño, alianza kujenga taaluma ya uigizaji wa jukwaani. Mwaka 1978, alirudi katika eneo la Galicia, alikozaliwa.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0119438/</ref><ref>https://www.todoalicante.es/english/celso-bugallo-renowned-spanish-20251221051209-nt_amp.html</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1947]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2025]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} 6s2ro01fywph6258gu5tdz5aqp9y6wg 0 253966 1606616 2026-10-09T20:54:55Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606616 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Seminci 2025 - Javier Cámara-3 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Javier Cámara]] '''Javier Cámara Rodríguez''' (alizaliwa [[19 Januari]] [[1967]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Kihispania]]. Amepokea [[tuzo]] mbalimbali, zikiwemo Tuzo mbili za Goya. Alipata umaarufu kupitia nafasi mbili za [[televisheni]] ambapo aliigiza kama kasisi katika mfululizo wa vipindi vya ¡Ay, señor, señor! na Éste es mi barrio. Baadaye alishiriki katika [[filamu]] mbalimbali, zikiwemo Torrente, the Dumb Arm of the Law, iliyompa umaarufu mkubwa miongoni mwa watu nchini Hispania, Talk to Her, Torremolinos 73, Living Is Easy with Eyes Closed, Truman na Forgotten We'll Be. Kazi zake nyingine za televisheni zinajumuisha mfululizo wa vipindi vya 7 vidas, The Young Pope na The New Pope, ambamo aliigiza tena kama kiongozi wa kidini, pamoja na Narcos. Pia aliigiza mhusika mkuu katika mfululizo wa [[vichekesho]] vya kisiasa kuhusu Juan Carrasco, unaojumuisha Vota Juan, Vamos Juan na Venga Juan.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0194572/</ref><ref>https://www.semana.es/corazon/javier-camara-sus-problemas-comida-estoy-aprendiendo-a-controlar-ansiedad_2494437</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1967]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} 4y52x91rmt6t0dqex245gzpacb13blg 0 253967 1606617 2026-10-09T20:59:57Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606617 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Gabino Diego en Socovos.jpg|thumb|Gabino Diego]] '''Gabino Diego Solís''' (alizaliwa [[18 Septemba]] [[1966]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Kihispania]]. Alikuwa miongoni mwa waigizaji walioonekana mara kwa mara katika [[filamu]] za Hispania katika miaka ya [[1990]]. Alishiriki katika filamu mbalimbali, zikiwemo ¡Ay, Carmela! (1990), The Dumbfounded King (1991), Belle époque (1992), The Worst Years of Our Lives (1994) na A Time for Defiance (1998). Katika kipindi chake cha mafanikio makubwa, alipokea tuzo kadhaa, zikiwemo [[Tuzo]] ya Goya ya Mwigizaji Bora Msaidizi na uteuzi mwingine mara nne wa Tuzo za Goya. Umaarufu wake katika filamu za sinema ulipungua kwa kiasi kikubwa katika miaka ya [[2000]]. == Wasifu == Gabino Diego Solís alizaliwa tarehe 18 Septemba 1966 mjini [[Madrid]], Hispania. Alisoma katika Chuo cha Runnymede. Alianza kazi yake ya uigizaji katika filamu ya Bicycles Are for the Summer.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0225916/</ref><ref>https://www.rtve.es/play/noticias/20230127/gabino-diego-fue-peliculas/2215220.shtml</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1966]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} c30b1vjuw2dcxps9zyho7ywc8j0jynw 0 253968 1606619 2026-10-09T21:10:25Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606619 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Malaga Film Festival 2025 - Paco León 02 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Paco León]] '''Francisco León Barrios''', anayejulikana kwa jina la '''Paco León''', ni [[mwigizaji]], mtayarishaji wa [[filamu]], mkurugenzi, mwandishi wa miswada ya filamu na [[mwanaharakati]] wa [[Kihispania]]. Alizaliwa mjini Seville, Hispania. León alianza kazi yake katika [[televisheni]] kwa kuigiza katika vipindi vya [[vichekesho]] vilivyotengenezwa katika eneo la Andalusia. Baada ya kushiriki katika kipindi cha vichekesho cha Homo Zapping, alipata umaarufu nchini Hispania kutokana na uigizaji wake katika [[tamthilia]] ya vichekesho Aída, ambamo aliigiza mhusika Luisma, aliyekuwa na moyo mwema na aliyekuwa ameacha uraibu wa [[dawa za kulevya]]. Alishiriki katika tamthilia hiyo kuanzia mwaka [[2005]] hadi [[2014]]. Mbali na uigizaji, León amejihusisha na utengenezaji wa filamu na uundaji wa vipindi vya televisheni. Alianza kazi yake ya kwanza kama mkurugenzi wa filamu ndefu kupitia Carmina or Blow Up ([[2012]]), ambayo ilimwezesha kuteuliwa kuwania [[Tuzo]] ya Goya ya Mkurugenzi Bora Chipukizi. Baadaye alishiriki katika mfululizo wa vipindi kama The House of Flowers na Arde Madrid, ambapo pia alikuwa mmoja wa waundaji wa kipindi hicho. Pia alishiriki katika filamu ya Kiki, Love to Love, ambayo aliiongoza. León pia ni mwanaharakati mashuhuri anayehimiza uelewa na uungwaji mkono wa masuala yanayohusu VVU/[[Ukimwi|UKIMWI]]. == Filamu fupi == * La grieta, iliyoongozwa na Enrique López de Haro * Días rojos ([[2004]]) * Con lengua ([[2006]]), iliyoongozwa na Anna R. Costa * Espagueti western (2007) — sauti == Televisheni == * Castillos en el aire (1999), katika Canal Sur * Jet Lag (2000) * Moncloa, digame, katika Telecinco na FDF Telecinco * Homo Zapping, katika Antena 3 TV (2003–2005) * 7 vidas, katika Telecinco (2004, [[2005]]) * Aída, katika Telecinco (2005–2014) * Planeta Finito, katika La Sexta (2007) * Ácaros, katika Cuatro (2007) * La peste, katika Movistar+ ([[2017]]) * The House of Flowers, katika Netflix ([[2018]]) * Arde Madrid (Madrid on Fire), katika Movistar (2018) * Blowing Kisses, katika Star ([[2021]]) * Drag Race España, katika ATRESplayer Premium ([[2023]]) <ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1346713/</ref><ref>https://www.huffingtonpost.es/entry/el-tuit-de-paco-leon-sobre-los-personajes-de-aida-abre-el-debate_es_5c8a3552e4b0dd65d8e93c8d.html</ref><ref>https://www.ondacero.es/programas/julia-en-la-onda/audios-podcast/entrevistas/papa-mama-nueva-comedia-atresmedia-cine-asemeja-guerra-rose-pero-ninos_2021121361b7836fccdfac00014c7727.html</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} 92h05g4h31zvnzkrw28ac1wvye7go3x 0 253969 1606662 2026-10-10T06:40:37Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Maurice William Tate''' ( [[30 Mei]] [[1895]] – [[18 Mei]] [[1956]]) alikuwa mchezaji wa kriketi kutoka [[Uingereza]]. Alizaliwa Brighton, Sussex, na alichezea Sussex na Uingereza. Alikuwa mchapaji wa kasi ya kati na alichukua wiketi 2,784 za daraja la kwanza.<ref>[http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/content/records/283520.html Cricinfo page on bowlers who took a wicket with their first ball in Tests]. Stats.cricinfo.com. Retrieved on 2 May 2018.</ref><ref...' 1606662 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maurice William Tate''' ( [[30 Mei]] [[1895]] – [[18 Mei]] [[1956]]) alikuwa mchezaji wa kriketi kutoka [[Uingereza]]. Alizaliwa Brighton, Sussex, na alichezea Sussex na Uingereza. Alikuwa mchapaji wa kasi ya kati na alichukua wiketi 2,784 za daraja la kwanza.<ref>[http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/content/records/283520.html Cricinfo page on bowlers who took a wicket with their first ball in Tests]. Stats.cricinfo.com. Retrieved on 2 May 2018.</ref><ref name="Wisden">[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/england/content/player/21462.html Cricinfo player page including obituary from "Wisden Cricketer's Almnack", 1957 edition] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090213205127/http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/england/content/player/21462.html |date=13 February 2009 }}. Content-ind.cricinfo.com. Retrieved on 2 May 2018.</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1895]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1956]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wanaume wa Uingereza]] 6nb9rbxrnmzizozrj1a4aopxqefuebf 15 253970 1606665 2026-10-10T09:19:04Z ~2026-54320-25 93065 /* hiv vita kati ya israel na iran inaweza kuisha kweli */ mjadala mpya 1606665 wikitext text/x-wiki == hiv vita kati ya israel na iran inaweza kuisha kweli == for my side i think ther battle is hard also other people wich you think about these inssue also p[eople lets your orpnion [[Maalum:Michango/~2026-54320-25|~2026-54320-25]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:~2026-54320-25|talk]]) 09:19, 10 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) m355vobss5iuky1609mcwu4ytdcg0se 0 253971 1606667 2026-10-10T09:36:02Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606667 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Daniel Rovira de Rivas''' (alizaliwa [[1 Novemba]] [[1980]]) ni [[mchekeshaji]] na [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Kihispania]]. == Kazi == === Mwanzo wa kazi yake === Baada ya kuhitimu masomo ya Elimu ya Viungo na Sayansi ya Michezo katika [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha Granada, alianza kufanya ziara za maonesho ya vichekesho kupitia Paramount Comedy, akitoa maonesho ya vichekesho vya jukwaani katika maeneo mbalimbali ya Hispania. Alipata umaarufu kutokana na monolojia yake maarufu zaidi iliyoitwa Mi familia y yo (“Mimi na familia yangu”). Baadaye, alianza kuonekana kwenye [[televisheni]] kwa kushiriki katika sehemu mbalimbali za kipindi maarufu kilichoitwa Estas no son las noticias (Hizi Si Habari), ambacho aliendelea kushiriki hadi Mei [[2009]].<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm3657043/</ref><ref>https://www.elperiodico.com/es/tele/yotele/20200511/hoy-tv-ocho-apellidos-vascos-dani-rovira-clara-lago-7025329</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1980]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} czvx1y391j1bb82ulbf6vyuolam3ppd 0 253972 1606669 2026-10-10T09:41:19Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606669 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Santiago Segura Silva''' (alizaliwa [[17 Julai]] [[1965]]) ni mtengenezaji wa [[filamu]] na [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Kihispania]]. Pia amefanya kazi kwa kiwango kidogo kama mtangazaji wa [[televisheni]], mwigizaji wa sauti na mwandishi wa vitabu vya katuni. Aidha, ni mkusanyaji wa vitabu vya katuni vya asili. Akiwa na umri wa [[miaka]] 12, alianza kutengeneza filamu kwa kutumia kamera ya Super-8. Baada ya kushauriwa na Fernando Trueba, alianza kutengeneza filamu kwa kutumia filamu za milimita 35, akifadhili kazi hizo kupitia malipo aliyopata kwa kushiriki katika vipindi vya mashindano ya televisheni. Alianza kutambuliwa mapema kutokana na uigizaji wake wa mhusika aliyependa muziki wa heavy metal katika filamu ya The Day of the Beast ya mwaka [[1995]], iliyotangazwa kama “komedi ya kishetani”. Filamu hiyo ilimpatia [[Tuzo]] ya Goya ya Mwigizaji Bora Chipukizi. Alipata mafanikio makubwa zaidi kupitia filamu yake ya kwanza ndefu aliyoiongoza, Torrente, the Dumb Arm of the Law, iliyotoka mwaka [[1998]]. Filamu hiyo ilikuwa ya vichekesho vyeusi na mapigano, na ilipata mafanikio makubwa katika mauzo ya tiketi. Ndani yake, aliigiza mhusika José Luis Torrente, aliyekuwa afisa wa zamani wa polisi mwenye ubaguzi wa rangi, chuki dhidi ya mashoga, chuki dhidi ya wageni na misimamo ya kifashisti.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0782213/</ref><ref>https://forbes.es/lifestyle/73328/santiago-segura-en-cifras/</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1965]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} 695fi9np0htutjtqezbh55l7vg3te8w 0 253973 1606673 2026-10-10T09:46:19Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606673 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Antonio Fernández Resines''' (alizaliwa [[7 Agosti]] [[1954]]) ni mwigizaji wa [[filamu]] na [[televisheni]] wa [[Kihispania]]. Resines alianza kuigiza katika filamu ndefu mwaka 1980 kupitia La paloma azul. Pia alishiriki katika filamu za Opera prima na La mano negra. Alianza kupata umaarufu katika miaka ya [[1980]] kupitia filamu kama Be Wanton and Tread No Shame (1985), La vida alegre (1987) na Dawn Breaks, Which Is No Small Thing (1989). Katika miaka ya 1990, aliimarisha zaidi kazi yake ya uigizaji katika filamu na [[televisheni]], hasa katika kazi za [[vichekesho]]. Filamu alizoshiriki katika kipindi hicho ni pamoja na Disparate nacional (1990), Anything for Bread (1991), The Sow (1992), Acción mutante (1993), Everyone Off to Jail (1993) na All Men Are the Same (1994). Pia alishiriki katika mfululizo wa televisheni kama Colegio Mayor na Los ladrones van a la oficina, ambazo zilimsaidia kupata umaarufu zaidi. Hata hivyo, alishinda [[Tuzo]] ya Goya ya Mwigizaji Bora kutokana na nafasi ya kihisia aliyoigiza katika filamu ya The Lucky Star (1997).<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0720277/</ref><ref>https://www.europapress.es/castilla-y-leon/noticia-antonio-resines-recibira-roel-honor-34-semana-cine-medina-campo-20210428112214.html</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1954]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} roq4kj7u4dtqc7hzoxkefjw8oz11qzt 3 253974 1606674 2026-10-10T09:48:19Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1606674 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 10 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) 7ixzvtlhqxujdtt772j5aiccibpm3gl 3 253975 1606675 2026-10-10T09:48:29Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1606675 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 10 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) 7ixzvtlhqxujdtt772j5aiccibpm3gl 3 253976 1606676 2026-10-10T09:48:39Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1606676 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 10 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) 7ixzvtlhqxujdtt772j5aiccibpm3gl 3 253977 1606677 2026-10-10T09:48:48Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1606677 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 10 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) 7ixzvtlhqxujdtt772j5aiccibpm3gl 3 253978 1606678 2026-10-10T09:48:59Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1606678 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 10 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) 7ixzvtlhqxujdtt772j5aiccibpm3gl 3 253979 1606679 2026-10-10T09:49:09Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1606679 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 10 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) 8jc6yrsnr467f3c4q9ek63qkrgfyw10 3 253980 1606680 2026-10-10T09:49:18Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1606680 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 10 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) 8jc6yrsnr467f3c4q9ek63qkrgfyw10 3 253981 1606681 2026-10-10T09:49:28Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1606681 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 10 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) 8jc6yrsnr467f3c4q9ek63qkrgfyw10 3 253982 1606682 2026-10-10T09:49:38Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1606682 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 10 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) 8jc6yrsnr467f3c4q9ek63qkrgfyw10 3 253983 1606683 2026-10-10T09:49:49Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1606683 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 10 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) 8jc6yrsnr467f3c4q9ek63qkrgfyw10 3 253984 1606684 2026-10-10T09:49:58Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1606684 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 10 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) 8jc6yrsnr467f3c4q9ek63qkrgfyw10 3 253985 1606685 2026-10-10T09:50:09Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1606685 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 10 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) 9x5bvu4bbir5ecjaywzp8zycfe8benq 3 253986 1606686 2026-10-10T09:50:18Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1606686 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 10 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) 9x5bvu4bbir5ecjaywzp8zycfe8benq 0 253987 1606687 2026-10-10T09:51:18Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606687 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Luis Merlo crédito.jpg|thumb|Luis Merlo ]] '''Luis María Larrañaga Merlo''' (alizaliwa [[13 Juni]] [[1966]]), anayejulikana kama Luis Merlo, ni [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Kihispania]]. == Wasifu == === Miaka ya awali === Luis Merlo alizaliwa tarehe 13 Juni 1966 mjini [[Madrid]], Hispania. Alipokuwa [[mtoto]], alisafiri mara kwa mara pamoja na wazazi wake, Carlos Larrañaga na María Luisa Merlo, ambao pia walikuwa waigizaji. Alizoea kuwaona wazazi wake wakisafiri katika ziara za maonesho ya maigizo, akiwaona wakitumbuiza jukwaani na kufanya shughuli mbalimbali nyuma ya jukwaa. Alikulia pamoja na ndugu zake watatu: Amparo Larrañaga, Kako Larrañaga na Pedro Larrañaga, ambaye ameolewa na mwigizaji Maribel Verdú.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0581043/</ref><ref>https://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2004/09/07/cultura/1094558716.html</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1966]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} qdl89decy3eha6xczdpqp22ivslw5n4 0 253988 1606688 2026-10-10T09:56:31Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606688 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Manuel María Arias Domínguez''' (alizaliwa [[26 Aprili]] [[1956]]), anayejulikana zaidi kama Imanol Arias, ni [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Kihispania]]. Mwanzoni mwa kazi yake, Arias alikuwa miongoni mwa waigizaji waliojitokeza mara kwa mara katika [[filamu]] za Kibasque. Kazi yake katika karne ya 21 imejulikana zaidi kutokana na uigizaji wake wa Antonio Alcántara katika mfululizo wa [[televisheni]] Cuéntame cómo pasó, kuanzia mwaka [[2001]] hadi [[2023]]. Mbali na kushiriki katika filamu na vipindi vya televisheni vya Kihispania, Arias pia amefanya kazi katika tasnia ya filamu ya [[Argentina]]. == Maisha na kazi == Manuel María Arias Domínguez alizaliwa mjini Riaño, katika Mkoa wa León, tarehe 26 Aprili 1956. Hata hivyo, muda mfupi baadaye alihamia Ermua, katika eneo la Biscay, ambako alikulia. Imanol Arias alianza kazi yake akiwa katika kikundi cha maigizo kilichosafiri kutoka sehemu moja hadi nyingine kikitoa maonesho katika Nchi ya Basque, kaskazini mwa Hispania. Alianza kuonekana kwenye televisheni mwaka [[1976]]. Alianza kuigiza katika filamu mwaka huo huo wa kazi yake ya filamu kupitia La Corea. Mwaka [[1987]], alishinda [[tuzo]] katika Tamasha la Filamu la San Sebastián kutokana na uigizaji wake wa mhusika Eleuterio Sánchez katika filamu ya El Lute: Run for Your Life ([[1987]]).<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0002181/</ref><ref>https://www.lavoz.com.ar/vos/tv/imanol-arias-y-su-experiencia-en-cuentame-como-paso-serie-que-protagoniza-hace-22-anos/</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1956]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} js2bjxoxqxkkf3drzancum5ya0spsvb 0 253989 1606689 2026-10-10T10:01:25Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606689 wikitext text/x-wiki '''José María Coronado García''' (alizaliwa [[14 Agosti]] [[1957]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] wa filamu na [[televisheni]] wa [[Kihispania]], ambaye hapo awali alikuwa [[mwanamitindo]]. Amefanikiwa sana katika kazi yake kupitia uigizaji wa wahusika wa maafisa wa vyombo vya sheria, ambao mara nyingi huwa wafisadi au wenye mashaka kuhusu maadili yao. Amepokea [[tuzo]] nyingi, zikiwemo Tuzo mbili za Goya, Tuzo ya Muungano wa Waigizaji na Waigizaji [[Wanawake]], pamoja na Tuzo ya Platino. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == José María Coronado García alizaliwa mjini Madrid tarehe 14 Agosti 1957, katika familia yenye uwezo wa kifedha iliyotoka eneo la Chamberí. Alianza masomo ya [[udaktari]] na [[sheria]], lakini baadaye aliacha masomo hayo baada ya kupokea ofa ya kushiriki katika upigaji wa tangazo la biashara katika kisiwa cha Menorca.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0180580/</ref><ref>https://www.revistavanityfair.es/sociedad/celebrities/articulos/jose-coronado-novia-hijos-nicolas/46727</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1957]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} 3bc6aa56jygdl4tyu26dm4huine934e 0 253990 1606690 2026-10-10T10:08:57Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606690 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fernando Tejero Muñoz-Torrero''' (alizaliwa [[24 Februari]] [[1965]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Kihispania]]. Ameigiza katika [[filamu]] mbalimbali, zikiwemo Football Days ([[2003]]), iliyompatia [[Tuzo]] ya Goya ya Mwigizaji Bora Chipukizi; The Longest Penalty Shot in the World (2005); Chef's Special (2008); Five Square Meters (2011); na Prison 77 (2022). Alipata umaarufu mkubwa nchini Hispania kutokana na uigizaji wake wa mhusika Emilio Delgado, ambaye alikuwa mhudumu wa jengo, katika mfululizo wa [[televisheni]] wa [[vichekesho]] Aquí no hay quien viva. == Maisha ya awali na kazi == Fernando Tejero Muñoz-Torrero alizaliwa mjini Córdoba, Hispania, tarehe 24 Februari 1965. Tangu akiwa na umri mdogo sana, Tejero alijua kwamba alitaka kuwa mwigizaji. Hata hivyo, [[baba]] yake alitaka awe mpiganaji wa fahali.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1234572/</ref><ref>https://www.elespanol.com/corazon/bluper/20241221/vida-actual-fernando-tejero-emilio-no-viva-ruptura-dramatica/909909160_0.html</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1965]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} husf8xa5x1hs78rt39sp743ysd1k71a 0 253991 1606691 2026-10-10T10:15:07Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606691 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yon González Luna''' (alizaliwa [[20 Mei]] [[1986]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Kihispania]]. Anajulikana zaidi kwa [[uigizaji]] wake wa Iván Noiret León katika mfululizo wa [[televisheni]] The Boarding School (El internado), uliorushwa na kituo cha Antena 3. Pia anajulikana kwa nafasi yake ya Julio Olmedo/Espinosa katika mfululizo wa Gran Hotel na Francisco Gómez katika mfululizo wa Netflix uitwao Cable Girls. == Kazi ya uigizaji == Yon González alianza kazi yake ya uigizaji mwaka [[2006]] katika mfululizo wa televisheni SMS, uliorushwa na kituo cha LaSexta. Baadaye, aliigiza katika mfululizo wa Antena 3 uitwao The Boarding School (El internado) kuanzia mwaka 2007 hadi 2010. Kipindi hicho kilimletea umaarufu mkubwa zaidi. Uigizaji wake wa mhusika Iván Noiret León ulimwezesha kushinda [[Tuzo]] ya ACE ya Mwigizaji Bora Chipukizi mwaka 2010. Pia aliteuliwa kuwania tuzo ya Golden Nymph katika kipengele cha Mwigizaji Bora wa Tamthilia katika Tamasha la Televisheni la Monte-Carlo mwaka 2009.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2304398/</ref><ref>https://actoresmasatractivos.wordpress.com/2009/12/28/yon-gonzalez/</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1986]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} 1b80rss2cky373bolxdkxl4esc0qks4 0 253992 1606693 2026-10-10T10:20:44Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606693 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Maxi Iglesias (cropped).jpg|thumb|Maxi Iglesias]] '''Maximiliano Teodoro Iglesias Acevedo''' (alizaliwa [[6 Februari]] [[1991]]), anayejulikana zaidi kama Maxi Iglesias, ni [[mwigizaji]], [[mwanamitindo]] na [[mtangazaji]] wa [[televisheni]] wa [[Kihispania]]. == Kazi == Iglesias alizaliwa tarehe 6 Februari 1991 mjini Madrid, Hispania, ambako alisoma katika shule ya Colegio Cardenal Spínola. Alianza kuigiza katika filamu ndefu akiwa na umri wa [[miaka]] sita, akipata nafasi ndogo katika filamu ya My Brother's Gun. Alianza kazi yake ya uigizaji mwaka [[2005]] katika mfululizo wa televisheni Hospital Central, uliorushwa na kituo cha Telecinco. Baadaye, alishiriki katika Cuéntame cómo pasó na Amar en tiempos revueltos, vilivyorushwa na kituo cha La 1. Pia aliigiza katika mfululizo wa Toledo, cruce de destinos na Los protegidos, iliyokuwa ikirushwa na kituo cha Antena 3. Alipata umaarufu mkubwa katika tasnia ya burudani kutokana na uigizaji wake wa mhusika César Cabano katika mfululizo wa televisheni Física o química, uliorushwa na Antena 3.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1224068/</ref><ref>https://los40.com/los40/2017/03/29/cinetv/1490802167_461863.html</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1991]] [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} kdcqdxdlh8j6gfjwf7lftlviuo9lcub 0 253993 1606695 2026-10-10T10:26:40Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606695 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Premios Goya 2026 - Miguel Herrán (cropped).jpg|thumb|Miguel Herrán]] '''Miguel Ángel García de la Herrán''' (alizaliwa [[25 Aprili]] [[1996]]), anayejulikana zaidi kama Miguel Herrán, ni [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Kihispania]]. Mwaka 2016, alishinda [[tuzo]] ya Goya ya Mwigizaji Bora Chipukizi kutokana na [[filamu]] yake ya kwanza, Nothing in Return. Alipata umaarufu kupitia uigizaji wake katika mfululizo wa vipindi vya [[televisheni]] vya Élite na Money Heist. == Maisha na kazi == Herrán alizaliwa katika jiji la Málaga tarehe 25 Aprili 1996 na kukulia katika eneo la Chamberí, Madrid. Hakuwa na hamu ya kusoma na alifeli miaka minne ya elimu yake ya msingi na [[sekondari]]. Mkutano wa bahati na mwigizaji na mkurugenzi Daniel Guzmán katika mitaa ya Madrid ulimwezesha Herrán kufanya majaribio ya kuwania nafasi ya Darío katika filamu ya Nothing in Return ([[2015]]). Uigizaji wake katika filamu hiyo ulimletea tuzo ya Goya ya Mwigizaji Bora Chipukizi.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm5969653/</ref><ref>https://heraldodemexico.com.mx/espectaculos/2022/1/8/conoce-como-esta-compuesta-la-familia-de-miguel-herran-368203.html</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1996]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} 50501oywhxuish8lwj7rqmsr4k2csqn 0 253994 1606696 2026-10-10T10:34:03Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606696 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Enrique Javier Arce Temple''' (alizaliwa [[8 Oktoba]] [[1972]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] wa [[filamu]] na [[televisheni]] kutoka [[Hispania]]. == Wasifu == Arce alizaliwa katika jiji la Valencia, Hispania, tarehe 8 Oktoba 1972. Mwanzoni, alijiunga na [[Chuo Kikuu|chuo kikuu]] kusomea sheria, lakini alipofika mwaka wa nne aliamua kuhamia katika fani ya uigizaji. Alishinda shindano la Ellos i Elles, kipindi cha televisheni cha Kivalencia kilichorushwa na kituo cha Canal Nou. Alitumia fedha za zawadi za peseta milioni mbili (takribani pauni 10,000 au dola za Marekani 15,000) kulipia masomo yake katika American Academy of Dramatic Arts. Ameendeleza kazi yake ya uigizaji nchini Hispania na katika nchi nyingine.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0033550/</ref><ref>https://www.biografias.es/famosos/enrique-arce.html</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1972]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} a4hkalcjlauxdehq5hwpb2tpv5jvtey 0 253995 1606697 2026-10-10T10:39:06Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606697 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:HospitalReal01 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Pedro Alonso]] '''Pedro González Alonso''' (alizaliwa [[21 Juni]] [[1971]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], mwandishi na [[msanii]] kutoka [[Hispania]]. Anajulikana zaidi kwa nafasi yake ya Andrés “Berlin” de Fonollosa katika mfululizo wa [[televisheni]] wa Hispania wa wizi wa kimkakati wa Money Heist (La casa de papel) na mfululizo wake tanzu wa Berlin. Pia anajulikana kwa kucheza nafasi ya Diego Murquía katika mfululizo wa tamthilia ya kihistoria ya Gran Hotel. == Maisha ya awali == Pedro González Alonso alizaliwa katika jiji la Vigo, Hispania. Alisomea katika Royal School of Dramatic Arts (RESAD), iliyopo Madrid, na kuhitimu mwaka [[1992]]. Pia alisoma katika Teatro de la Danza (Shule ya Ngoma ya Jukwaani). Mbali na uigizaji, yeye pia ni mwandishi na msanii, na huchapisha kazi zake kwa kutumia jina la Pedro Alonso O'choro.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0022261/</ref><ref>https://www.ecartelera.com/noticias/curiosidades-pedro-alonso-58724/</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1971]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} 7adetb717g50yl7dgm9pckgvep1ozby 14 254000 1606703 2026-10-10T10:42:55Z AdamLynnMcGill007 72462 #100WikiDaysChallengeRDC2026 " Création Catégorie " 1606703 wikitext text/x-wiki == Bonde la Kongo == njv3elblnc6wxcd7skrsoa16trj1pq0 14 254002 1606705 2026-10-10T10:43:39Z AdamLynnMcGill007 72462 #100WikiDaysChallengeRDC2026 " Création Catégorie " 1606705 wikitext text/x-wiki == 2010 katika Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo == ed78o2ldmrjuecldqa2ujdablbkux03 3 254004 1606708 2026-10-10T10:46:06Z M7 2663 M7 alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Andrei Stroe]] hadi [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:SlartibartfastT]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/Andrei Stroe|Andrei Stroe]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/SlartibartfastT|SlartibartfastT]]" 1606708 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:SlartibartfastT]] k5eg0ifiudf3j9a85pa512djin7jl7v 0 254006 1606710 2026-10-10T10:50:02Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606710 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Álvaro Morte, 2020 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Álvaro Morte]] '''Álvaro Antonio García Pérez''' (alizaliwa [[23 Februari]] [[1975]]), anayejulikana kitaaluma kama Álvaro Morte, ni [[mwigizaji]] kutoka [[Hispania]]. Alipata umaarufu duniani kote kwa kucheza nafasi ya “Profesa” katika mfululizo wa [[televisheni]] wa Money Heist. Morte pia aliigiza kwa muda mfupi kama Logain Ablar katika mfululizo wa fantasia ya The Wheel of Time ([[2021]]–[[2023]]), na kama Adolfo Suárez katika mfululizo mfupi wa tamthilia ya kihistoria The Anatomy of a Moment. == Maisha ya awali == Álvaro Antonio García Pérez alizaliwa tarehe 23 Februari 1975 katika jiji la Algeciras, mkoani Cádiz, Hispania. Muda mfupi baadaye, alihamia pamoja na [[familia]] yake katika mji wa Bujalance, mkoani Córdoba. Mwanzoni, alijiunga na [[Chuo Kikuu|chuo kikuu]] kusomea uhandisi wa mawasiliano, lakini baadaye alibadili mwelekeo na kujiunga na masomo ya sanaa ya maigizo. Alihitimu katika Escuela Superior de Arte Dramático de Córdoba [[mwaka]] [[1999]]. Pia alifanya masomo ya uzamili kwa muda wa miezi miwili katika Chuo Kikuu cha Tampere. Baada ya kukaa nchini [[Finland]], alihamia Madrid. Akiwa na umri wa miaka 33, aligundulika kuwa na uvimbe wa [[saratani]] katika paja lake la kushoto, lakini hatimaye alifanikiwa kuushinda ugonjwa huo. == Kazi ya uigizaji == Morte alianza kazi yake ya uigizaji kwa kucheza nafasi ndogo katika mfululizo wa televisheni wa Hispania wa Hospital Central. Alipata nafasi yake ya kwanza kuu katika mfululizo wa televisheni wa Planta 25, ulioonyeshwa na vituo kadhaa vya televisheni vya kikanda nchini Hispania. Katika mfululizo huo, aliigiza Ray, dereva, kuanzia mwaka [[2007]] hadi [[2008]]. Baadaye, aliigiza kama Adolfo Castillo katika mfululizo wa televisheni wa Hispania wa Bandolera, na kama Gabriel Areta katika tamthilia ya televisheni ya Amar en tiempos revueltos. Morte pia alicheza nafasi ndogo katika filamu ya Lola, la película (2007), inayosimulia maisha ya [[mwimbaji]] wa [[muziki]] wa jadi wa Hispania, Lola Flores. Katika filamu hiyo, alionekana kwa muda mfupi akicheza nafasi ya mpiganaji wa mafahali aliyekuwa mpenzi wa mhusika mkuu.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1486647/</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200407150833/https://www.unionjournalism.com/2020/02/08/is-la-casa-de-papel-aka-money-heist-season-4-the-final-season-acc-to-the-show-runner-release-date-plot-cast-more/</ref><ref>https://www.noticiasdegipuzkoa.eus/vivir/television/2020/10/23/diez-cosas-igual-sabias-alvaro-3740750.html</ref><ref>https://www.elmundo.es/loc/famosos/2020/06/12/5ee270d021efa079538b461e.html</ref><ref>https://www.lavanguardia.com/magazine/personalidades/20201025/33959/alvaro-morte-se-que-mas-pasar-sociedad-reaccione.html</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1975]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} pd58ri9u216k15o9w0cjmohvoi8si58 0 254007 1606711 2026-10-10T10:56:59Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606711 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Roberto Enríquez - Seminci 2011.jpg|thumb|Roberto Enríquez]] '''Roberto Enríquez Asenjo''' (alizaliwa [[20 Januari]] [[1968]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] kutoka [[Hispania]]. Anajulikana kwa uigizaji wake katika mfululizo wa [[televisheni]] kama vile Locked Up, Hispania, la leyenda na La señora, pamoja na [[filamu]] kama Fat People. == Wasifu == Roberto Enríquez Asenjo alizaliwa katika mji wa Fabero, mkoani León, tarehe 20 Januari 1968, ingawa alilelewa katika jiji la Valladolid. Familia yake inatoka Arganza. Alikulia katika kitongoji cha Los Pajarillos. Kuanzia mwaka [[1986]] hadi [[1989]], alisomea uigizaji katika Escuela de Arte Dramático mjini Valladolid. Baadaye, alihamia Madrid. Enríquez alianza kazi yake ya uigizaji kama mwigizaji wa jukwaani mwishoni mwa miaka ya [[1980]].<ref>https://www.europapress.es/castilla-y-leon/noticia-roberto-enriquez-reivindica-nostalgia-identidad-ser-valladolid-tierra-acogida-20170901214533.html</ref><ref>https://www.valladolid.es/es/actualidad/noticias/roberto-enriquez-pregonero-ferias-fiestas-virgen-san-lorenz</ref><ref>https://www.hoy.es/v/20100724/caceres/viriato-vuelve-extremeno-nunca-20100724.html</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1968]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} gqz2jfdkovb26rj7o40lntpd7j3fv4q 0 254008 1606712 2026-10-10T11:02:40Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606712 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Goyas 2024 - Tristán Ulloa.jpg|thumb|Tristán Ulloa]] '''Tristán Ulloa''' (alizaliwa [[6 Mei]] [[1970]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], [[mwandishi]] na mkurugenzi kutoka [[Hispania]]. == Kazi == Tristán Ulloa alizaliwa katika jiji la Orléans, nchini [[Ufaransa]], na muda mfupi baadaye alihamia Madrid, Hispania, ambako alitumia miaka yake ya utotoni. Alipokuwa na umri wa [[miaka]] 12, alihamia Vigo, katika eneo la Galicia. Mama yake, Esther San Román, alikuwa akiishi katika eneo la Hortaleza, Madrid, mwaka [[2005]]. Ulloa alihitimu katika shule ya Lycée Français de Madrid. Ameigiza katika filamu nyingi, zikiwemo Sex and Lucía ([[2001]]). Tarehe [[18 Machi]] [[2019]], ilitangazwa kuwa Ulloa angeigiza nafasi ya Padre Vincent katika mfululizo wa fantasia wa Netflix uitwao Warrior Nun. Mwezi [[Desemba]] [[2023]], alionekana pia katika mfululizo wa Berlin.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0880554/</ref><ref>https://www.hola.com/actualidad/20240501253237/tristan-ulloa-mujer-hijos/</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1970]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} oc2qlqd1pgilj5jlgwh8r3ai8y1nyvv 0 254009 1606715 2026-10-10T11:08:37Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606715 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Eduard Fernández, XIV Premis Gaudí (2022).jpg|thumb|Eduard Fernández]] '''Eduard Fernández Serrano''' (alizaliwa [[25 Agosti]] [[1964]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] wa [[filamu]] na jukwaani kutoka [[Catalonia]], [[Hispania]]. Ameigiza katika filamu mbalimbali, zikiwemo Fausto 5.0 (2001), In the City (2003), Smoke & Mirrors (2016), While at War (2019), The 47 (2024) na Marco, the Invented Truth (2024). Amepokea [[tuzo]] nyingi, zikiwemo tuzo nne za Goya. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Eduard Fernández alizaliwa katika jiji la Barcelona tarehe 25 Agosti 1964. Alipata mafunzo ya sanaa ya uigizaji wa kuwasilisha hisia bila kutumia maneno katika chuo cha Institut del Teatre mjini Barcelona. Pia alifanya maonyesho ya [[sanaa]] hiyo mitaani.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0273464/</ref><ref>https://elpais.com/cultura/2025-06-30/el-actor-eduard-fernandez-premio-nacional-de-cinematografia-2025.html</ref><ref>https://www.vanitatis.elconfidencial.com/famosos/2022-02-13/eduard-fernandez-actor-vida-edad-premios-goya_2844487/</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1964]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} 4jykz8ba26nhbqqrablizikfaf3iiwi 0 254010 1606717 2026-10-10T11:16:41Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606717 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Raúl Arévalo Zorzo''' (alizaliwa [[22 Novemba]] [[1979]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] na mkurugenzi wa [[filamu]] kutoka [[Hispania]]. Ameigiza katika filamu mbalimbali, zikiwemo Dark Blue Almost Black (2006), Seven Billiard Tables (2007), The Blind Sunflowers (2008), Fat People (2009), Cousinhood (2011), I'm So Excited (2013), Marshland (2014) na The Europeans (2020). Pia ameigiza katika mfululizo wa [[televisheni]] kama La embajada (2016) na Riot Police (2020). Alianza kazi yake ya uongozaji wa filamu ndefu kwa kutengeneza filamu ya The Fury of a Patient Man (2016). Arévalo amepokea [[tuzo]] mbalimbali, zikiwemo tuzo tatu za Goya, tuzo tatu za Muungano wa Waigizaji na Waigizaji [[Wanawake]], na tuzo mbili za Feroz.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1666855/</ref><ref>https://www.elllobregat.com/noticia/12643/no-solo-cine/tarde-para-la-ira-2016-raul-arevalo-muestra-su-talento-como-director.html</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1979]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} g7mq1qu7nd253y4r3yr2ditlz3ru7xw 0 254011 1606719 2026-10-10T11:21:22Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606719 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joaquim “Quim” Gutiérrez Ylla''' (matamshi ya Kihispania: ; alizaliwa [[27 Machi]] [[1981]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] kutoka [[Hispania]]. Alishinda [[tuzo]] ya Goya ya Mwigizaji Bora Chipukizi kutokana na uigizaji wake katika [[filamu]] ya Dark Blue Almost Black (2006). == Maisha na kazi == Joaquim Gutiérrez Ylla alizaliwa katika jiji la Barcelona tarehe 27 Machi 1981. Akiwa na umri wa [[miaka]] 12 tu, alianza kuonekana kwenye [[televisheni]] kupitia tamthilia ya Kikatalani ya Poblenou. Alisomea masomo ya ubinadamu katika [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha Pompeu Fabra na kupata mafunzo ya uigizaji katika shule ya maigizo ya Nancy Tuñón, iliyopo Barcelona. Baadaye, alirejea kwenye televisheni na kuigiza kwa kipindi cha miaka mitano katika mfululizo wa El cor de la ciutat. Gutiérrez alichaguliwa na Riccardo Tisci, mkurugenzi wa ubunifu wa chapa ya Givenchy, kushiriki katika kampeni ya matangazo ya chapa hiyo ya msimu wa vuli na baridi wa mwaka 2013.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1273697/</ref><ref>https://www.expansion.com/fueradeserie/personajes/album/2020/06/12/5e676f86468aeb0c428b45f7.html</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1981]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} mxjltjt3g12ks04bqj9m5mkd54kdbv1 0 254012 1606722 2026-10-10T11:27:03Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606722 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alejandro “Álex” de la Iglesia Mendoza''' (alizaliwa [[4 Desemba]] [[1965]]) ni mkurugenzi wa [[filamu]], mwandishi wa miswada ya filamu, mtayarishaji na [[msanii]] wa zamani wa vitabu vya katuni kutoka Hispania. Filamu za De la Iglesia huunganisha vipengele vya kutisha na vya ajabu, pamoja na mambo yenye giza sana kama vile kifo na mauaji. Kazi zake nyingi huchukuliwa kuwa [[vichekesho]] vyenye ucheshi wa giza, lakini pia mara nyingi huwa na vipengele vya filamu za kutisha na [[tamthilia]]. Filamu zake zote, isipokuwa The Last Circus (2010) na As Luck Would Have It (2011), ziliandikwa kwa ushirikiano na Jorge Guerricaechevarría. == Wasifu == === Masomo na mwanzo wa kazi === Baada ya kupata shahada ya falsafa katika [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha Deusto, De la Iglesia alianza kuchora katuni na kuzichapisha katika majarida huru ya mashabiki, kama vile No, el fanzine maldito na Metacrilato. Pia alichapisha kazi zake katika [[magazeti]] na majarida kama Trokola, Burdinjaun na La Ría del Ocio. De la Iglesia hutaja mara kwa mara Alex Raymond, aliyeunda mhusika wa katuni wa Flash Gordon, na Stan Lee, mwanzilishi wa Marvel Comics na mmoja wa wabunifu wa Spider-Man na The Hulk, kuwa vyanzo vyake vikuu vya msukumo katika sanaa ya katuni.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0407067/</ref><ref>https://www.rtve.es/noticias/20221203/alex-iglesia-cineasta-hijo-bruguera-herge-moebius/2410243.shtml</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1965]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} ixp0v9t0zb2ufzcesw61d2k90b2krv7 0 254013 1606723 2026-10-10T11:30:51Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mudzi West''' ni jimbo la uchaguzi linalowakilishwa katika [[Bunge]] la Taifa la Bunge la Zimbabwe, lililoko katika Wilaya ya Mudzi, Mkoa wa Mashonaland Mashariki. Mbunge wake wa sasa tangu [[uchaguzi]] wa mwaka 2023 ni Knowledge Kaitano wa [[chama]] cha ZANU–PF.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20060517181744/http://www.zim-movement.org/reports/2005_election_dispute_figures.htm "2005 Election Dispute".] Zimbabwe Movement. Archived from the original o...' 1606723 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mudzi West''' ni jimbo la uchaguzi linalowakilishwa katika [[Bunge]] la Taifa la Bunge la Zimbabwe, lililoko katika Wilaya ya Mudzi, Mkoa wa Mashonaland Mashariki. Mbunge wake wa sasa tangu [[uchaguzi]] wa mwaka 2023 ni Knowledge Kaitano wa [[chama]] cha ZANU–PF.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20060517181744/http://www.zim-movement.org/reports/2005_election_dispute_figures.htm "2005 Election Dispute".] Zimbabwe Movement. Archived from the original on 17 May 2006.</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-jio-Zimbabwe}} [[Jamii:Jiografia ya Zimbabwe]] 9pslc8ytcj5jdmglao0gt2152pdduoq 0 254014 1606724 2026-10-10T11:32:34Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606724 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Festival de Málaga 2024 - Carlos Bardem.jpg|thumb|Carlos Bardem]] '''Carlos Encinas Bardem''' (alizaliwa [[7 Machi]] [[1963]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] na mwandishi kutoka [[Hispania]]. Mara nyingi hupewa nafasi za wahusika wenye sura ngumu na wakatili, au hata wahusika wabaya kabisa. Mbali na kufanya kazi nchini kwake Hispania, pia ameshiriki katika [[filamu]] na vipindi vya [[televisheni]] katika Amerika ya Kusini na [[Marekani]]. Amepokea uteuzi mara tatu wa [[tuzo]] za Goya katika vipengele vya uigizaji na uandishi wa miswada ya filamu. Pia ameteuliwa mara saba kwa tuzo za Muungano wa Waigizaji na Waigizaji Wanawake, na kushinda tuzo mbili kati ya hizo. Tangu alipoanza kuigiza katika filamu ya Not Love, Just Frenzy [[mwaka]] [[1996]], ameshiriki katika filamu mbalimbali, zikiwemo La zona (2007), Cell 211 (2009), Scorpion in Love (2013) na González: falsos profetas (2013). Kazi zake za televisheni zinajumuisha mfululizo kama La embajada, Club de cuervos, El señor de los cielos, El Cid, Queer You Are, 30 Coins na The Chosen One. Pia ameandika [[riwaya]] kadhaa, akionyesha kuvutiwa zaidi na hadithi za kubuni zinazotokana na matukio ya kihistoria.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0054214/</ref><ref>https://www.elnortedecastilla.es/20140206/cultura/carlos-bardem-actor-escribe-201402061131.html</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1963]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] jcmp49eeoanb5bl6e5ngd4a9z6ui0d0 0 254015 1606725 2026-10-10T11:33:29Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mudzi East''' ni jimbo la [[uchaguzi]] wa ubunge lililoko katika Mkoa wa Mashonaland, Zimbabwe. Mwaka 2005, lilikuwa mojawapo ya majimbo matatu ya uchaguzi katika Wilaya ya Mudzi; mengine yalikuwa Mudzi West na Mudzi Central (Jimbo la Mudzi). Mudzi East ni eneo la vijijini. == Ukiukwaji uliojitokeza katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 2005 == Katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 2005, maafisa 800 wa vituo vya kupigia kura waliripotiwa kunyimwa nafasi ya kufanya [[kazi]] baad...' 1606725 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mudzi East''' ni jimbo la [[uchaguzi]] wa ubunge lililoko katika Mkoa wa Mashonaland, Zimbabwe. Mwaka 2005, lilikuwa mojawapo ya majimbo matatu ya uchaguzi katika Wilaya ya Mudzi; mengine yalikuwa Mudzi West na Mudzi Central (Jimbo la Mudzi). Mudzi East ni eneo la vijijini. == Ukiukwaji uliojitokeza katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 2005 == Katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 2005, maafisa 800 wa vituo vya kupigia kura waliripotiwa kunyimwa nafasi ya kufanya [[kazi]] baada ya kutajwa kuwa wafuasi wa MDC. Tume ya Uchaguzi ilitangaza kuwa watu 12,499 walipiga kura. Hata hivyo, kura 22,420 zilirekodiwa, na hivyo kuibua swali kuhusu chanzo cha kura za ziada 9,921 ambazo hazikuelezwa. Ray Kaukonde, mgombea wa ZANU–PF, alishinda kwa kupata [[kura]] 17,999, idadi iliyolingana na takribani asilimia 144 ya idadi ya wapiga kura waliotangazwa kuwa walipiga kura. Kulikuwa na madai kwamba kujazwa kwa kura kwenye masanduku ya kupigia kura kuliongeza idadi yake ya awali ya kura kutoka 8,078 hadi 17,999.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20060517181744/http://www.zim-movement.org/reports/2005_election_dispute_figures.htm "2005 Election Dispute".] Zimbabwe Movement. Archived from the original on 17 May 2006.</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-jio-Zimbabwe}} [[Jamii:Jiografia ya Zimbabwe]] 2l56wi1bzlaxlb9nvz2aj6tn3mqo1r0 0 254016 1606726 2026-10-10T11:38:11Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mto Mucheke''' ni [[mto]] unaopita katika mji wa Masvingo, nchini Zimbabwe.<ref>[https://www.herald.co.zw/first-time-voters-set-mucheke-stadium-alight/ "First-time voters set Mucheke Stadium alight".] The Herald. 10 June 2023. Retrieved 2 February 2024.</ref> Chanzo chake kiko katika sehemu ya magharibi ya [[mji]] wa Masvingo, na huungana na Mto Mushagashe karibu na eneo la Eastvale. Daraja la Mucheke linaunganisha [[barabara]] ya Harare–Beitbridge n...' 1606726 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mto Mucheke''' ni [[mto]] unaopita katika mji wa Masvingo, nchini Zimbabwe.<ref>[https://www.herald.co.zw/first-time-voters-set-mucheke-stadium-alight/ "First-time voters set Mucheke Stadium alight".] The Herald. 10 June 2023. Retrieved 2 February 2024.</ref> Chanzo chake kiko katika sehemu ya magharibi ya [[mji]] wa Masvingo, na huungana na Mto Mushagashe karibu na eneo la Eastvale. Daraja la Mucheke linaunganisha [[barabara]] ya Harare–Beitbridge na barabara ya Mutare–Beitbridge.<ref>George, Maponga (1 March [https://www.herald.co.zw/masvingo-residents-welcome-highway-upgrade/ 2023). "Masvingo residents welcome highway upgrade".] The Herald. Retrieved 2 February 2024.</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-jio-Zimbabwe}} [[Jamii:Mito ya Zimbabwe]] [[Jamii:Jiografia ya Zimbabwe]] nc65nvrp3xmivi27h7s6zua37w09i8l 0 254017 1606727 2026-10-10T11:38:14Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606727 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Juan Luis Galiardo.jpg|thumb|Juan Luis Galiardo]] '''Juan Luis Galiardo Comes''' ([[2 Machi]] [[1940]] – [[22 Juni]] [[2012]]) alikuwa [[mwigizaji]] wa [[televisheni]], maigizo ya jukwaani na [[filamu]] kutoka [[Hispania]]. == Maisha == Akiwa [[mtoto]] wa kwanza kati ya watoto sita, Juan Luis Galiardo Comes alizaliwa katika San Roque, Cádiz, lakini alitumia sehemu kubwa ya utoto na ujana wake katika jiji la Badajoz, ambako [[baba]] yake alihamia kutafuta fursa za kazi. Baada ya kumaliza elimu ya sekondari mjini Seville, Galiardo alisomea uhandisi wa kilimo katika [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha Madrid. Aliacha masomo yake mwaka 1961, na mwaka uliofuata akajiunga na Shule ya Kitaifa ya Filamu ya Hispania (EOC), ambako alipata mafunzo ya uigizaji.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0302080/</ref><ref>https://www.abc.es/cultura/abci-fallece-actor-juan-luis-201206220000_noticia.html</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1940]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2012]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} 4a0v8fw53jrjgvubtsw7dteji7zfvwc 0 254018 1606728 2026-10-10T11:42:06Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mto Mtshelele''' ni kijito kinachomwaga [[maji]] yake katika [[Mto]] Thuli nchini Zimbabwe.<ref>Ebrahim, Girma Y.; Lautze, Jonathan F.; McCartney, Matthew; Matheswaran, Karthikeyan; Nyikadzino, Ben; Tafesse, Nata T. (1 October 2024). [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214581824002623 "Beyond dams: Assessing integrated water storage in the Shashe catchment, Limpopo River Basin".] Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies. 55 101913. doi:10...' 1606728 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mto Mtshelele''' ni kijito kinachomwaga [[maji]] yake katika [[Mto]] Thuli nchini Zimbabwe.<ref>Ebrahim, Girma Y.; Lautze, Jonathan F.; McCartney, Matthew; Matheswaran, Karthikeyan; Nyikadzino, Ben; Tafesse, Nata T. (1 October 2024). [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214581824002623 "Beyond dams: Assessing integrated water storage in the Shashe catchment, Limpopo River Basin".] Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies. 55 101913. doi:10.1016/j.ejrh.2024.101913. hdl:10568/151875. ISSN 2214-5818.</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-jio-Zimbabwe}} [[Jamii:Jiografia ya Zimbabwe]] [[Jamii:Mito ya Zimbabwe]] lck9dpo5p1uqhzn1ck7y5nyk8egkx08 0 254019 1606729 2026-10-10T11:45:13Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mtshazo''' ni [[kijiji]] kilichoko katika [[Wilaya]] ya Gwanda, Mkoa wa Matabeleland Kusini, kusini mwa Zimbabwe.<ref>Dube-Matatu, Sukuluwenkosi (17 June 2022). [https://www.chronicle.co.zw/80-year-mtshabezi-dream-comes-to-life/ "80 year Mtshabezi dream comes to life".] The Chronicle (Zimbabwe). Retrieved 6 February 2024.</ref> Kijijini hapo kuna maduka na karakana ya kutengeneza samani.<ref>Dube-Matatu, Sukuluwenkosi (2 October 2021). [https://www.chr...' 1606729 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mtshazo''' ni [[kijiji]] kilichoko katika [[Wilaya]] ya Gwanda, Mkoa wa Matabeleland Kusini, kusini mwa Zimbabwe.<ref>Dube-Matatu, Sukuluwenkosi (17 June 2022). [https://www.chronicle.co.zw/80-year-mtshabezi-dream-comes-to-life/ "80 year Mtshabezi dream comes to life".] The Chronicle (Zimbabwe). Retrieved 6 February 2024.</ref> Kijijini hapo kuna maduka na karakana ya kutengeneza samani.<ref>Dube-Matatu, Sukuluwenkosi (2 October 2021). [https://www.chronicle.co.zw/watch-from-beggar-to-self-taught-carpenter/ "From beggar to self-taught carpenter".] The Chronicle (Zimbabwe). Retrieved 6 February 2024.</ref> Pia, Mpango wa Umwagiliaji wa Mtshabezi (Mtshabezi Irrigation Scheme) unapatikana karibu na kijiji hicho. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-jio-Zimbabwe}} [[Jamii:Jiografia ya Zimbabwe]] lrd08mabsolsfwjez4dziv981s6jnwc 0 254020 1606730 2026-10-10T11:45:49Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606730 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Manolo Escobar 2010 - Foto Pedro Andreo (cropped).jpg|thumb|Manolo Escobar]] '''Manuel García Escobar''' ([[19 Oktoba]] [[1931]] – [[24 Oktoba]] [[2013]]), anayejulikana zaidi kama Manolo Escobar, alikuwa [[mwimbaji]] wa [[muziki]] wa copla wa Andalusia na aina nyingine za muziki wa Kihispania. Pia alikuwa [[mwigizaji]] na alishiriki katika maonyesho mbalimbali ya muziki. Nyimbo zake maarufu ni pamoja na “El Porompompero” (1962), “Mi carro” (1969), “La minifalda” na “Y viva España”. == Wasifu == Manuel García Escobar alizaliwa tarehe 19 Oktoba 1931, akiwa [[mtoto]] wa tano kati ya watoto kumi wa Antonio García na María del Carmen Escobar. Mwanzoni mwa maisha ya Escobar, [[baba]] yake aliacha utamaduni wa [[familia]] wa kilimo na kuelekeza nguvu zake katika shughuli za ukarimu na utamaduni.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0260334/</ref><ref>https://www.20minutos.es/noticia/1034460/0/</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1931]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2013]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} 2k906ezzwodkbn0u2uzxullhr1xf1s4 0 254021 1606731 2026-10-10T11:48:13Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mto Mtshabezi''' ni mto ulioko kusini mwa Zimbabwe na ni kijito kinachomwaga maji yake katika Mto Thuli. Mto huu unaanzia katika Milima ya Matobo (inayojulikana pia kama Milima ya Matopos), eneo lenye vilima vya miamba ya graniti na mabonde yenye miti, lililoko takribani [[Kilomita ya mraba|kilomita]] 35 (maili 22) kusini mwa mji wa Bulawayo.<ref>Love, D.; Moyce, W.; Ravengai, S. (2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20110724154347/http://www.bscw.ihe.nl...' 1606731 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mto Mtshabezi''' ni mto ulioko kusini mwa Zimbabwe na ni kijito kinachomwaga maji yake katika Mto Thuli. Mto huu unaanzia katika Milima ya Matobo (inayojulikana pia kama Milima ya Matopos), eneo lenye vilima vya miamba ya graniti na mabonde yenye miti, lililoko takribani [[Kilomita ya mraba|kilomita]] 35 (maili 22) kusini mwa mji wa Bulawayo.<ref>Love, D.; Moyce, W.; Ravengai, S. (2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20110724154347/http://www.bscw.ihe.nl/pub/bscw.cgi/d2607514/Love.pdf "Livelihood challenges posed by water quality in the Mzingwane and Thuli river catchments, Zimbabwe"] (PDF). 7th WaterNet/WARFSA/GWP-SA Symposium, Lilongwe, Malawi. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 26 January 2009.</ref> Mto Mtshabezi unapita katika eneo la Gwanda na kuchangia katika rasilimali za maji za kusini mwa Zimbabwe. [[Maji]] yake huingia katika Bwawa la Mtshabezi, mradi mkubwa wa miundombinu ya maji unaoongeza upatikanaji wa maji kwa ajili ya Bulawayo, jiji la pili kwa ukubwa nchini Zimbabwe. Tafiti kuhusu ubora wa maji ya Mto Mtshabezi zimechunguza [[sifa]] zake za kikemikali kama sehemu ya utafiti mpana wa maeneo ya vyanzo vya maji ya mito ya Mzingwane na Thuli. Sampuli za maji zilizokusanywa mwaka 2006 zilionyesha kuwa kemia ya kabonati ilikuwa mojawapo ya sifa kuu za maji ya mto huo. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-jio-Zimbabwe}} [[Jamii:Mito ya Zimbabwe]] [[Jamii:Jiografia ya Zimbabwe]] lpmrcoczcinb1iy7ehgubq1ad1f0elg 0 254022 1606732 2026-10-10T11:51:49Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1606732 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Dafne Keen (48383778052) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Dafne Keen]] '''Dafne María Keen Fernández''' (alizaliwa [[4 Januari]] [[2005]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] mwenye uraia wa [[Hispania]] na [[Uingereza]]. Alipata umaarufu kwa kucheza nafasi ya Laura / X-23 katika [[filamu]] za Logan (2017) na Deadpool & Wolverine (2024). Uigizaji wake ulimwezesha kuteuliwa kwa [[tuzo]] za Critics' Choice Awards na Saturn Awards, pamoja na kutambuliwa na vyama mbalimbali vya wakosoaji wa filamu. Pia aliigiza kama Lyra Belacqua katika mfululizo wa [[televisheni]] wa His Dark Materials (2019–2022), na akateuliwa kwa tuzo ya British Academy Cymru Award. == Maisha ya awali == Keen alizaliwa tarehe 4 Januari 2005 katika jiji la Madrid. Wazazi wake ni Will Keen, mwigizaji wa Uingereza, na María Fernández Ache, mwigizaji na mkurugenzi wa Hispania. Babu yake mkubwa upande wa baba alikuwa Edward Curzon, Earl wa 6 wa Howe. Shangazi zake ni [[mshairi]] Alice Oswald na mwandishi Laura Beatty.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm6748436/</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2005]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} tczj13yg83021qkhd0zxr9pwvf5e4fi 0 254023 1606733 2026-10-10T11:54:31Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mtshabezi Mission''' ni kijiji kilichoko katika Wilaya ya Gwanda, Mkoa wa Matabeleland Kusini, kusini mwa [[Zimbabwe]].<ref>Moyo, Sikhumbuzo (27 January 2023). [https://www.chronicle.co.zw/new-varsity-on-the-cards-in-matabeleland/ "New varsity on the cards in Matabeleland".] The Chronicle (Zimbabwe). Retrieved 3 February 2024.</ref> Mtshabezi Mission ni mojawapo ya vituo vya misheni vinavyomilikiwa na [[Kanisa]] la Brethren in Christ nchini Zimbabwe. K...' 1606733 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mtshabezi Mission''' ni kijiji kilichoko katika Wilaya ya Gwanda, Mkoa wa Matabeleland Kusini, kusini mwa [[Zimbabwe]].<ref>Moyo, Sikhumbuzo (27 January 2023). [https://www.chronicle.co.zw/new-varsity-on-the-cards-in-matabeleland/ "New varsity on the cards in Matabeleland".] The Chronicle (Zimbabwe). Retrieved 3 February 2024.</ref> Mtshabezi Mission ni mojawapo ya vituo vya misheni vinavyomilikiwa na [[Kanisa]] la Brethren in Christ nchini Zimbabwe. Kituo hicho kina hospitali na [[shule]] ya sekondari ambayo mara nyingi hupata matokeo bora katika mitihani ya kumaliza shule nchini Zimbabwe. Pia, kuna mipango ya kujenga [[chuo]] kikuu katika eneo hilo, pamoja na chuo cha Biblia na shamba.<ref>[[iarchive:globalmennoniteh0000unse_f8d9|A global mennonite history. 1: Africa,]] Kitchener: Pandora Press, 2003, <nowiki>ISBN 978-1-894710-38-1</nowiki>, retrieved 1 July 2026</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-jio-Zimbabwe}} [[Jamii:Jiografia ya Zimbabwe]] fpgz6irwq8vyebiegzpwgzbme7jrrbg 0 254024 1606734 2026-10-10T11:57:34Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mto Mtetengwe''' ni kijito kinachomwaga maji yake katika [[Mto]] Mzingwane, ulioko katika [[Wilaya]] ya Beitbridge, nchini Zimbabwe. Kuna mabwawa mawili kwenye vijito vyake: Bwawa la Tongwe, lililoko kwenye Mto Tongwe, ambalo hutoa maji kwa ajili ya mpango wa umwagiliaji, na Bwawa la Giraffe, ambalo hutoa [[maji]] kwa ajili ya mifugo, hasa ng’ombe.<ref>Love, D.; Khosa, S.; Mul, M.; Uhlenbrook, S.; van der Zaag, P. (2008). "Modelling upstream–downstr...' 1606734 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mto Mtetengwe''' ni kijito kinachomwaga maji yake katika [[Mto]] Mzingwane, ulioko katika [[Wilaya]] ya Beitbridge, nchini Zimbabwe. Kuna mabwawa mawili kwenye vijito vyake: Bwawa la Tongwe, lililoko kwenye Mto Tongwe, ambalo hutoa maji kwa ajili ya mpango wa umwagiliaji, na Bwawa la Giraffe, ambalo hutoa [[maji]] kwa ajili ya mifugo, hasa ng’ombe.<ref>Love, D.; Khosa, S.; Mul, M.; Uhlenbrook, S.; van der Zaag, P. (2008). "Modelling upstream–downstream interactions using a spreadsheet–based water balance model: two cases from the Limpopo Basin". In Humphreys, E.; Bayot, R.C.; van Brakel, M.; et al. (eds.). [https://web.archive.org/web/20110726171759/http://www.ifwf2.org/addons/download_presentation.php?fid=1104 Fighting Poverty Through Sustainable Water Use: Proceedings of the CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food 2nd International Forum on Water and Food, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, November 10–14 2008, IV. The Challenge Program on Water and Food, Colombo.] pp. 15–21. <nowiki>ISBN 978-92-990053-2-3</nowiki>. Archived from the original on 26 July 2011. Retrieved 5 February 2009.</ref> Mto Mtetengwe ni kijito cha mwisho kinachoingia katika Mto Mzingwane kutoka upande wa mashariki. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-jio-Zimbabwe}} [[Jamii:Mito ya Zimbabwe]] [[Jamii:Jiografia ya Zimbabwe]] b1nx7nawusxjc3y66jk2t69pe1e36sb