ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ
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ಮಾದ್ಯಮೊ
ವಿಸೇಸೊ
ಪಾತೆರ
ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ
ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ
ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ
ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ ಪಾತೆರ
ಫೈಲ್
ಫೈಲ್ ಪಾತೆರ
ಮಾದ್ಯಮೊವಿಕಿ
ಮಾದ್ಯಮೊವಿಕಿ ಪಾತೆರ
ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್
ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್ ಪಾತೆರ
ಸಕಾಯೊ
ಸಕಾಯೊ ಪಾತೆರ
ವರ್ಗೊ
ವರ್ಗೊ ಪಾತೆರ
ತಡ್ಯ
ತಡ್ಯ ಪಾತೆರ
ಕರಡು
ಕರಡು ಪಾತೆರ
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TimedText talk
ಮೋಡ್ಯೂಲ್
ಮೋಡ್ಯೂಲ್ ಪಾತೆರ
Event
Event talk
ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ:ಚಾವಡಿ
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{{ಚಾವಡಿ ಪುಟೊ header|ಪಾತೆರಕತೆ|alpha=yes|'''ಚಾವಡಿ''' [[ತುಳು ಬಾಸೆ|ತುಳು]] ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯೊದ ಕಾರ್ಯೊನೀತಿಲೆನ ಬಗೆಟ್, ತಾಂತ್ರಿಕ ದೋಸೊಲೆನ ಬಗೆಟ್, ಅಂಚನೆ ಕೆಲಸೊ ಕಾರ್ಯೊಲೆನ ಬಗೆಟ್ ಪಟ್ಟಾಂಗ ಪಾಡುನ ಮೀಚಿಲ್ ಪುಟೊ.
*ಸಾದ್ಯೊ ಆಯಿನಾತ್ ಲೇಕನೊಲೆಗ್ ಸಂಬಂದಿಸಯಿನ ಪಟ್ಟಾಂಗೊಲೆನ್ ಅವ್ವೇ ಲೇಕನೊದ ಪಟ್ಟಾಂಗೊ ಪುಟೊಡು ಸೇರಾಲೆ.
*ಅವ್ವೇ ಲೇಕನೊದ ಪಟ್ಟಾಂಗೊ ಪುಟೊಡು ಲೇಕನೊಗು ಸೇರಾಯರ ಬೋಡಾಯಿನ ಮಾಹಿತಿದ ಬಗೆಟ್ ಅಯಿತ ಮಿತ್ತ್ಡ್ ಆವೊಡಾಪುನ ಬೇಲೆದ ಬಗೆಟ್ ಬರೆದ್ ದೀಡ್ಲೆ.
*ಇತ್ತೇ ಇಪ್ಪುನ ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್ಲೆನ್ ಸಾದ್ಯೊ ಆಯಿನಾತ್ ಗಲಸ್ಲೆ. ಪೊಸ ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್ಲೆನ್ ಸೇರಾಪುನೆಡ್ದ್ ದುಂಬು ಒರೊ ನಾಡ್ದ್ ತೂಲೆ.
*ಇಸೇಸೊ ಪುಟೊಲೆನ್ ಸಾದ್ಯೊ ಆಯಿನಾತ್ ಗಲಸ್ಲೆ. ಚಿತ್ರೊಲೆನ್ ಅಪ್ಲೋಡ್ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಬಗೆಟ್ ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ ಪಾಲಿಸಿಲೆನ್ (ಕಾರ್ಯೊನೀತಿಲೆನ್) ತಯಾರ್ ಮಲ್ಪೊಡಾತೆ.
*ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಸ್ ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯೊಡ್ದ್ ಚಿತ್ರೊಗಾತ್ರೊ ಇಪ್ಪುನ ಲೈಸೆನ್ಸ್ಲೆನ ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್ಲೆನ್ ತುಳು ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯೊಡು ನಕಲ್ ಮಲ್ಪೊಡು. ಆಸಕ್ತಿ ಇತ್ತಿನಕುಲು ದುಂಬುಗು ಬತ್ತ್ದ್ ಪಾಲ್ ಪಡೆವೊನ್ಲೆ.
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*[[ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ:ಚಾವಡಿ ಪತ್ರಾಗಾರೊ|ಪಿರಾಕ್ತ ಚಾವಡಿದ ಪಾತೆರಕತೆತ ಪತ್ರಾಗಾರೊ]]
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[[Category:ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ ಚಾವಡಿ]]
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== Request for comment (the future of Abstract Wikipedia) ==
<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Apologies if this has not yet been translated into your wiki's language. {{int:Please-translate}}
You are invited to voice your opinions in a [[:m:Requests for comment/The future of Abstract Wikipedia|request for comment about the future of Abstract Wikipedia]]. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
[[:m:User:Kowal2701|Kowal2701]] ([[:m:User talk:Kowal2701|talk]]) ೧೭:೫೫, ೨೪ ಜುಲಾಯಿ ೨೦೨೬ (IST)
</bdi>
<!-- Message sent by User:DreamRimmer@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30513860 -->
== Invitation to Participate in Kerala Culture Month 2026 ==
Dear Wikimedia Contributors,
We are excited to announce '''[[m:Kerala_Culture_Month_2026|Kerala Culture Month 2026]]''', a collaborative campaign launched in conjunction with '''[[m:WikiConference_India_2026|WikiConference India 2026]]'''. This initiative aims to expand and enhance content about Kerala across all Wikimedia projects, creating a comprehensive, open-access knowledge base.
'''Campaign Focus:'''
* Expand Wikipedia articles about Kerala in multiple languages
* Improve content quality with citations, images, and comprehensive information
* Populate Wikimedia Commons with freely licensed Kerala media
* Enrich Wikidata with structured information about Kerala-related topics
We invite you to contribute by writing new articles, enhancing existing ones, uploading media, or organizing data on Wikidata. Whether you're an experienced editor or new to Wikimedia, your participation matters.
For more information and to get involved, visit the campaign page: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Kerala_Culture_Month_2026 on your preferred Wikimedia project.
Best regards, ''Communications Team, WCI 2026''
-- [[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:Kuldeepburjbhalaike|Kuldeepburjbhalaike]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:Kuldeepburjbhalaike|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೧೭:೧೫, ೨೬ ಜುಲಾಯಿ ೨೦೨೬ (IST)
== ವಿಕಿ ಕಾನ್ಫರೆನ್ಸ್ ಇಂಡಿಯಾದ 2026ದ ಪ್ರಿ ಕಾನ್ಫರೆನ್ಸ್ದ ಲೆಕ್ಕೊಡು ಲೇಖನ, ವಿಕಿಡಾಟ ಸ್ಪರ್ಧೆ ಆಯೋಜನೆ ==
ಈ ಸ್ಪರ್ಧೆಡ್ ಮಾತೆರ್ಲಾ ಪಾಲ್ದೆತೊನ್ಲೆ.
*[[ಕೇರಳ ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತಿ ತಿಂಗೊಳು 2026]]--[[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:Vinoda mamatharai|Vinoda mamatharai]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:Vinoda mamatharai|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೦೯:೨೮, ೨೭ ಜುಲಾಯಿ ೨೦೨೬ (IST)
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ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:Babitha Shetty
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/* This Month in Education: July 2026 */ಪೊಸ ವಿಭಾಗ
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{{ಸುಸ್ವಾಗತೊ}}--[[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:Lokesha kunchadka|Lokesha kunchadka]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:Lokesha kunchadka|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೧೫:೧೦, ೫ ನವಂಬರೊ ೨೦೧೬ (IST)
== ''Wiki Loves Women South Asia 2021 Newsletter #1'' ==
<div style="line-height: 1.2;margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px;">
<div style="background-color:#FAC1D4; padding:10px"><span style="font-size:200%;">'''Wiki Loves Women South Asia 2021'''</span><br>'''September 1 - September 30, 2021'''<span style="font-size:120%; float:right;">[[m:Wiki Loves Women South Asia 2021|<span style="font-size:10px;color:red">''view details!''</span>]]</span></div>
<div style="background-color:#FFE7EF; padding:10px">[[File:Wiki Loves Women South Asia.svg|right|frameless]] Thank you for organizing the Wiki Loves Women South Asia 2021 edition locally in your community. We have updated some prize related information on the [[m:Wiki Loves Women South Asia 2021|'''''project's main page''''']] and we're asking you to update your local project page by following that.
As well as for the convenience of communication and coordination, the information of the organizers is being collected through a '''[https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfSK5ghcadlCwKS7WylYbMSUtMHa0jT9H09vA7kqaCEzcUUZA/viewform?usp=sf_link ''Google form'']''', we request you to fill it out.
<span style="color: grey;font-size:10px;">''This message has been sent to you because you are listed as a local organizer in Metawiki. If you have changed your decision to remain as an organizer, update [[m:Wiki Loves Women South Asia 2021/Participating Communities|the list]].''</span>
''Regards,''<br>[[m:Wiki Loves Women South Asia 2021|'''''Wiki Loves Women Team''''']] ೦೦:೩೦, ೨೫ ಆಗೋಸ್ಟು ೨೦೨೧ (IST)
</div></div>
== Invitation to organize Feminism and Folklore 2022 ==
Dear {{PAGENAME}},
You are humbly invited to organize '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022|Feminism and Folklore 2022]]''' writing competion. This year Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women biographies and gender-focused topics for the project in league with Wiki Loves Folklore gender gap focus with folk culture theme on Wikipedia.
You can help us in enriching the folklore documentation on Wikipedia from your region by creating or improving articles based on folklore around the world, including, but not limited to folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer personalities in folklore, folk culture (folk artists, folk dancers, folk singers, folk musicians, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales and more. Users can contribute to new articles or translate from the list of suggested articles [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022/List of Articles|here]].
Organizers can sign up their local community using [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022/Project Page|Sign up page]] and create a local contest page as [[:en:Wikipedia:Feminism and Folklore 2022|one on English Wikipedia]]. You can also support us in translating the [[m:Feminism and Folklore 2022|project page]] and help us spread the word in your native language.
Learn more about the contest and prizes from our project page. Feel free to contact us on our [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2022|talk page]] or via Email if you need any assistance.
Looking forward for your immense coordination.
Thank you.
'''Feminism and Folklore Team''',
[[User:Tiven2240|Tiven2240]]
೧೦:೪೭, ೧೧ ಜನವರಿ ೨೦೨೨ (IST)
<!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/wlf&oldid=22573505 -->
== WikiConference India 2023: Program submissions and Scholarships form are now open ==
Dear Wikimedian,
We are really glad to inform you that '''[[:m:WikiConference India 2023|WikiConference India 2023]]''' has been successfully funded and it will take place from 3 to 5 March 2023. The theme of the conference will be '''Strengthening the Bonds'''.
We also have exciting updates about the Program and Scholarships.
The applications for scholarships and program submissions are already open! You can find the form for scholarship '''[[:m:WikiConference India 2023/Scholarships|here]]''' and for program you can go '''[[:m:WikiConference India 2023/Program Submissions|here]]'''.
For more information and regular updates please visit the Conference [[:m:WikiConference India 2023|Meta page]]. If you have something in mind you can write on [[:m:Talk:WikiConference India 2023|talk page]].
‘‘‘Note’’’: Scholarship form and the Program submissions will be open from '''11 November 2022, 00:00 IST''' and the last date to submit is '''27 November 2022, 23:59 IST'''.
Regards
[[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:MediaWiki message delivery|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೧೬:೫೫, ೧೬ ನವಂಬರ್ ೨೦೨೨ (IST)
(on behalf of the WCI Organizing Committee)
<!-- Message sent by User:Nitesh Gill@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/WCI_2023_active_users,_scholarships_and_program&oldid=24082246 -->
== WikiConference India 2023: Open Community Call and Extension of program and scholarship submissions deadline ==
Dear Wikimedian,
Thank you for supporting Wiki Conference India 2023. We are humbled by the number of applications we have received and hope to learn more about the work that you all have been doing to take the movement forward. In order to offer flexibility, we have recently extended our deadline for the Program and Scholarships submission- you can find all the details on our [[:m:WikiConference India 2023|Meta Page]].
COT is working hard to ensure we bring together a conference that is truly meaningful and impactful for our movement and one that brings us all together. With an intent to be inclusive and transparent in our process, we are committed to organizing community sessions at regular intervals for sharing updates and to offer an opportunity to the community for engagement and review. Following the same, we are hosting the first Open Community Call on the 3rd of December, 2022. We wish to use this space to discuss the progress and answer any questions, concerns or clarifications, about the conference and the Program/Scholarships.
Please add the following to your respective calendars and we look forward to seeing you on the call
* '''WCI 2023 Open Community Call'''
* '''Date''': 3rd December 2022
* '''Time''': 1800-1900 (IST)
* '''Google Link'''': https://meet.google.com/cwa-bgwi-ryx
Furthermore, we are pleased to share the email id of the conference contact@wikiconferenceindia.org which is where you could share any thoughts, inputs, suggestions, or questions and someone from the COT will reach out to you. Alternatively, leave us a message on the Conference [[:m:Talk:WikiConference India 2023|talk page]]. Regards [[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:MediaWiki message delivery|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೨೧:೫೧, ೨ ದಸಂಬರ್ ೨೦೨೨ (IST)
On Behalf of,
WCI 2023 Core organizing team.
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== Mahatma Gandhi 2023 edit-a-thon Barnstar Award ==
''Sorry for writing this message in English - feel free to help us translating it''
{| style="background-color: #fdffe7; border: 1px solid #fceb92;"
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 5px;" |[[ಫೈಲ್:Special_Gold_Barnstar.png|100x100px]]
| style="font-size: x-large; padding: 3px 3px 0 3px; height: 1.5em;" |'''Congratulations!!!'''
|-
| style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px;" |Thank you for contributing to the [[:meta:Karavali Wikimedians/Events/Mahatma Gandhi 2023 edit-a-thon|Mahatma Gandhi 2023 edit-a-thon]]. We are appreciative of your tireless efforts to create articles about Mahatma Gandhi as well as other Independence movements on your local Wikipedia. We are deeply inspired by your persistent efforts, dedication to improve articles. We are lucky to have amazing Wikimedian like you in our movement. Thank you for your contribution to Wikipedia. Hopefully, Wikipedia will continue to enrich your active constructive editing in the future.
Thanks for your contribution <br/>
'''Tamanpreet Kaur''' <br/>
''Punjabi Wikimedian''. [[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:Tamanpreet Kaur|Tamanpreet Kaur]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:Tamanpreet Kaur|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೧೪:೩೫, ೧೯ ಅಕ್ಟೋಬರ್ ೨೦೨೩ (IST)
== A2K Monthly Newsletter for October 2023 ==
[[File:Centre for Internet And Society logo.svg|180px|right|link=]]
Dear Wikimedian,
In the month of October, CIS-A2K achieved significant milestones and successfully concluded various initiatives. As a result, we have compiled a comprehensive monthly newsletter to showcase the events and activities conducted during the preceding month. This newsletter offers a detailed overview of the key information pertaining to our various endeavors.
; Conducted events
* Image Description Month in India
* WikiWomen Camp 2023
** WWC 2023 South Asia Orientation Call
** South Asia Engagement
* Wikimedia Commons session for Birdsong members
* Image Description Month in India Training Session
Please find the Newsletter link [[:m:CIS-A2K/Reports/Newsletter/October 2023|here]].
<br /><small>If you want to subscribe/unsubscribe to this newsletter, click [[:m:CIS-A2K/Reports/Newsletter/Subscribe|here]]. </small>
Regards [[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:MediaWiki message delivery|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೧೦:೫೬, ೭ ನವಂಬರ್ ೨೦೨೩ (IST)
<!-- Message sent by User:Nitesh (CIS-A2K)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=CIS-A2K/Reports/Newsletter/Subscribe&oldid=25823131 -->
== A2K Monthly Report for November 2023 ==
[[File:Centre for Internet And Society logo.svg|180px|right|link=]]
Dear Wikimedian,
CIS-A2K wrapped up several initiatives in November, and we've compiled a detailed monthly newsletter highlighting the events and activities from the past month. This newsletter provides a comprehensive overview of key information regarding our diverse endeavors.
; Conducted events
* Heritage Walk in 175 year old Pune Nagar Vachan Mandir library
* 2023 A2K Needs Assessment Event
* Train The Trainer Report
Please find the Newsletter link [[:m:CIS-A2K/Reports/Newsletter/November 2023|here]].
<br /><small>If you want to subscribe/unsubscribe to this newsletter, click [[:m:CIS-A2K/Reports/Newsletter/Subscribe|here]]. </small> Regards, [[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:MediaWiki message delivery|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೧೧:೨೫, ೧೧ ದಸಂಬರ್ ೨೦೨೩ (IST)
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== A2K Monthly Report for December 2023 ==
[[File:Centre for Internet And Society logo.svg|180px|right|link=]]
Dear Wikimedian,
In December, CIS-A2K successfully concluded various initiatives, and we have curated an in-depth monthly newsletter summarizing the events and activities of the past month. This newsletter offers a comprehensive overview of key information, showcasing our diverse endeavors.
; Conducted events
* Digital Governance Roundtable
* Indic Community Monthly Engagement Calls: Wikimania Scholarship Call
* Indic Wikimedia Hackathon 2023
* A2K Meghalaya Visit Highlights: Digitization and Collaboration
* Building Bridges: New Hiring in CIS-A2K
* Upcoming Events
** Upcoming Call: Disinformation and Misinformation in Wikimedia projects
Please find the Newsletter link [[:m:CIS-A2K/Reports/Newsletter/December 2023|here]].
<br /><small>If you want to subscribe/unsubscribe to this newsletter, click [[:m:CIS-A2K/Reports/Newsletter/Subscribe|here]]. </small>
Regards [[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:MediaWiki message delivery|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೧೨:೨೭, ೧೨ ಜನವರಿ ೨೦೨೪ (IST)
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== A2K Monthly Report for January 2024 ==
[[File:Centre for Internet And Society logo.svg|180px|right|link=]]
Dear Wikimedian,
In January, CIS-A2K successfully concluded several initiatives, and we are pleased to present a comprehensive monthly newsletter summarizing the events and activities of the past month. This newsletter provides an extensive overview of key information, highlighting our diverse range of endeavors.
; Conducted Events
* Roundtable on Digital Cultures
* Discussion on Disinformation and Misinformation in Wikimedia Projects
* Roundtable on Digital Access
You can access the newsletter [[:m:CIS-A2K/Reports/Newsletter/January 2024|here]].
<br /><small>To subscribe or unsubscribe to this newsletter, click [[:m:CIS-A2K/Reports/Newsletter/Subscribe|here]]. </small>
Regards [[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:MediaWiki message delivery|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೦೦:೪೮, ೧೦ ಪೆಬ್ರವರಿ ೨೦೨೪ (IST)
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== A2K Monthly Report for February 2024 ==
[[File:Centre for Internet And Society logo.svg|180px|right|link=]]
Dear Wikimedian,
In February, CIS-A2K effectively completed numerous initiatives, and we are delighted to share a detailed monthly newsletter encapsulating the events and activities from the previous month. This newsletter offers a thorough glimpse into significant updates, showcasing the breadth of our varied undertakings.
; Collaborative Activities and Engagement
* Telugu Community Conference 2024
* International Mother Language Day 2024 Virtual Meet
* Wiki Loves Vizag 2024
; Reports
* Using the Wikimedia sphere for the revitalization of small and underrepresented languages in India
* Open Movement in India (2013-23): The Idea and Its Expressions Open Movement in India 2013-2023 by Soni
You can access the newsletter [[:m:CIS-A2K/Reports/Newsletter/February 2024|here]].
<br /><small>To subscribe or unsubscribe to this newsletter, click [[:m:CIS-A2K/Reports/Newsletter/Subscribe|here]]. </small>
Regards [[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:MediaWiki message delivery|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೧೯:೪೩, ೧೮ ಮಾರ್ಚಿ ೨೦೨೪ (IST)
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== A2K Monthly Report for March 2024 ==
[[File:Centre for Internet And Society logo.svg|180px|right|link=]]
Dear Wikimedian,
A2K is pleased to present its monthly newsletter for March, highlighting the impactful initiatives undertaken by CIS-A2K during the month. This newsletter provides a comprehensive overview of the events and activities conducted, giving you insight into our collaborative efforts and engagements.
; Collaborative Activities and Engagement
* [[Commons:Wiki Loves Vizag 2024|Wiki Loves Vizag: Fostering Open Knowledge Through Photography]]
; Monthly Recap
* [[:m:CIS-A2K/Events/She Leads|She Leads Program (Support)]]
* [[:m:CIS-A2K/Events/WikiHour: Amplifying Women's Voices|WikiHour: Amplifying Women's Voices (Virtual)]]
* [[:m:Wikimedia India Summit 2024|Wikimedia India Summit 2024]]
* [[:m:CIS-A2K/Institutional Partners/Department of Language and Culture, Government of Telangana|Department of Language and Culture, Government of Telangana]]
; From the Team- Editorial
; Comic
You can access the newsletter [[:m:CIS-A2K/Reports/Newsletter/March 2024|here]].
<br /><small>To subscribe or unsubscribe to this newsletter, click [[:m:CIS-A2K/Reports/Newsletter/Subscribe|here]]. </small>
Regards [[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:MediaWiki message delivery|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೧೭:೪೯, ೧೧ ಎಪ್ರಿಲ್ ೨೦೨೪ (IST)
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== A2K Monthly Report for April 2024 ==
[[File:Centre for Internet And Society logo.svg|180px|right|link=]]
Dear Wikimedian,
We are pleased to present our monthly newsletter for April, highlighting the impactful initiatives undertaken by CIS-A2K during the month. This newsletter provides a comprehensive overview of the events and activities conducted, giving you insight into our collaborative efforts and engagements.
* In the Limelight- Chandan Chiring
; Monthly Recap
* [[Commons:Tribal Culture Photography Competition]]
* [[:m:CIS-A2K/Events/Indic Community Monthly Engagement Calls/April 12, 2024 Call]]
* [[:m:CIS-A2K/Events/2024/Wikipedia training to Indian Language educators|Wikipedia Training to Indian Language educators]]
* [[:m:Wiki Explores Bhadrachalam]]
* Wikimedia Summit
; From the Team- Editorial
; Comic
You can access the newsletter [[:m:CIS-A2K/Reports/Newsletter/April 2024|here]].
<br /><small>To subscribe or unsubscribe to this newsletter, click [[:m:CIS-A2K/Reports/Newsletter/Subscribe|here]]. </small>
Regards [[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:MediaWiki message delivery|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೨೧:೫೪, ೧೪ ಮೇ ೨೦೨೪ (IST)
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== A2K Monthly Report for May 2024 ==
[[File:Centre for Internet And Society logo.svg|180px|right|link=]]
Dear Wikimedians,
We are pleased to present our May newsletter, showcasing the impactful initiatives undertaken by CIS-A2K throughout the month. This edition offers a comprehensive overview of our events and activities, providing insights into our collaborative efforts and community engagements.
; In the Limelight: Openness for Cultural Heritage
; Monthly Recap
* Digitisation Workshop
* [[Commons:Tribal Culture Photography Competition]]
* [[:m:CIS-A2K/Events/Wiki Technical Training 2024|Wiki Technical Training]]
; Dispatches from A2K
; Coming Soon
* Future of Commons Convening
You can access the newsletter [[:m:CIS-A2K/Reports/Newsletter/May 2024|here]].
<br /><small>To subscribe or unsubscribe to this newsletter, click [[:m:CIS-A2K/Reports/Newsletter/Subscribe|here]]. </small>
Regards [[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:MediaWiki message delivery|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೧೮:೦೮, ೨೭ ಜೂನ್ ೨೦೨೪ (IST)
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== A2K Monthly Report for June 2024 ==
[[File:Centre for Internet And Society logo.svg|180px|right|link=]]
Dear Wikimedian,
We are excited to share our June newsletter, highlighting the impactful initiatives undertaken by CIS-A2K over the past month. This edition provides a detailed overview of our events and activities, offering insights into our collaborative efforts and community engagements and a brief regarding upcoming initiatives for next month.
; In the Limelight- Book Review: Geographies of Digital Exclusion
; Monthly Recap
* [[:m:CIS-A2K/Events/Wiki Technical Training 2024|Wiki Technical Training]]
* Strategy discussion (Post-Summit Event)
; Dispatches from A2K
* Future of Commons
;Coming Soon - Upcoming Activities
* Gearing up for Wikimania 2024
* Commons workshop and photo walk in Hyderabad
; Comic
You can access the newsletter [[:m:CIS-A2K/Reports/Newsletter/June 2024|here]].
<br /><small>To subscribe or unsubscribe to this newsletter, click [[:m:CIS-A2K/Reports/Newsletter/Subscribe|here]]. </small>
Regards [[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:MediaWiki message delivery|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೧೧:೫೫, ೨೬ ಜುಲಾಯಿ ೨೦೨೪ (IST)
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== A2K Monthly Report for July 2024 ==
[[File:Centre for Internet And Society logo.svg|180px|right|link=]]
Dear Wikimedian,
We are excited to share our July newsletter, highlighting the impactful initiatives undertaken by CIS-A2K over the past month. This edition provides a detailed overview of our events and activities, offering insights into our collaborative efforts and community engagements and a brief regarding upcoming initiatives for next month.
; In the Limelight- NEP Study Report
; Monthly Recap
* [https://cis-india.org/raw/report-on-the-future-of-the-commons Future of Commons]
* West Bengal Travel Report
;Coming Soon - Upcoming Activities
* [[:m:CIS-A2K/Events/Train the Trainer Program/2024|Train the Trainer 2024]]
You can access the newsletter [[:m:CIS-A2K/Reports/Newsletter/July 2024|here]].
<br /><small>To subscribe or unsubscribe to this newsletter, click [[:m:CIS-A2K/Reports/Newsletter/Subscribe|here]]. </small>
Regards [[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:MediaWiki message delivery|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೧೪:೩೩, ೨೮ ಆಗೋಸ್ಟು ೨೦೨೪ (IST)
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== A2K Monthly Report for August 2024 ==
[[File:Centre for Internet And Society logo.svg|180px|right|link=]]
Dear Wikimedians,
We are excited to present our August newsletter, showcasing the impactful initiatives led by CIS-A2K throughout the month. In this edition, you'll find a comprehensive overview of our events and activities, highlighting our collaborative efforts, community engagements, and a sneak peek into the exciting initiatives planned for the coming month.
; In the Limelight- Doing good as a creative person
; Monthly Recap
* Wiki Women Collective - South Asia Call
* Digitizing the Literary Legacy of Sane Guruji
* A2K at Wikimania
* Multilingual Wikisource
;Coming Soon - Upcoming Activities
* Tamil Content Enrichment Meet
* Santali Wiki Conference
* TTT 2024
You can access the newsletter [[:m:CIS-A2K/Reports/Newsletter/August 2024|here]].
<br /><small>To subscribe or unsubscribe to this newsletter, click [[:m:CIS-A2K/Reports/Newsletter/Subscribe|here]]. </small>
Regards [[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:MediaWiki message delivery|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೨೨:೨೨, ೨೬ ಸಪ್ಟಂಬರ್ ೨೦೨೪ (IST)
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== A2K Monthly Report for September 2024 ==
[[File:Centre for Internet And Society logo.svg|180px|right|link=]]
Dear Wikimedian,
We are thrilled to share our September newsletter, packed with highlights of the key initiatives driven by CIS-A2K over the past month. This edition features a detailed recap of our events, collaborative projects, and community outreach efforts. You'll also get an exclusive look at the exciting plans and initiatives we have in store for the upcoming month. Stay connected with our vibrant community and join us in celebrating the progress we’ve made together!
; In the Limelight- Santali Wiki Regional Conference 2024
; Dispatches from A2K
; Monthly Recap
* Book Lover’s Club in Belagavi
* CIS-A2K’s Multi-Year Grant Proposal
* Supporting the volunteer-led committee on WikiConference India 2025
* Tamil Content Enrichment Meet
* Experience of CIS-A2K's Wikimania Scholarship recipients
;Coming Soon - Upcoming Activities
* Train-the-trainer 2024
* Indic Community Engagement Call
* A2K at Wikimedia Technology Summit 2024
You can access the newsletter [[:m:CIS-A2K/Reports/Newsletter/September 2024|here]].
<br /><small>To subscribe or unsubscribe to this newsletter, click [[:m:CIS-A2K/Reports/Newsletter/Subscribe|here]]. </small>
Regards [[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:MediaWiki message delivery|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೨೦:೪೭, ೧೦ ಅಕ್ಟೋಬರ್ ೨೦೨೪ (IST)
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== The Tuluvas Aati Month Barnstar ==
<div style="display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:center;align-items:center; background: #f7fcfd; border: 1px solid #2b7c85;border-radius: 0.5em;">
<div style="flex:0 0 20%;text-align:center;display:inline-block;margin:0.75em;">[[File:Tuluvas Aati Month Barnstar.svg|150px|link=]]</div>
<div style="flex:1 0 300px; max-width: 100%; text-align:justify; vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block;margin:0.75em">
<span style="font-family: Castellar, sans serif; font-size: 15pt; color:#267b83;">Tuluvas Aati Month Barnstar</span><br>Dear {{ROOTPAGENAME}},
Thank you for being a part of '''[[m:Tuluvas Aati Month|Tuluvas Aati Month]]''' We truly appreciate your dedication to the Wikimedia movement and your efforts in promoting and celebrating our culture. We are grateful of your dedication to Wikimedia movement and hope you join us next year!
:Wish you all the best!<br><br> Best regards,<br>'''Tuluvas Aati Month Team'''<br>
</div></div>
{{clear}}
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== Congratulations to the Tuluvas Aati Month Prize Winner! ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
[[File:Tuluvas Aati Month banner logo.svg|center|500px]]
Dear Wikimedian,
We want to extend our heartfelt thanks for your exceptional contributions to the '''[[m:Tuluvas Aati Month|Tuluvas Aati Month]]''' writing competition. Your commitment has significantly helped bridge cultures on Wikipedia, and we appreciate the time and effort you've dedicated.
To express our gratitude, you will receive a gift card. To facilitate the delivery of your prize and gather valuable feedback on your experience, please fill out [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSd3RWB1kvSyR77kYaZtI-S1T9da48Cd7j6giMb6naSDXcYl9Q/viewform this form] on or before November 10th, 2024. In the form, kindly provide your details for receiving the gift card and share your thoughts about the project.
Thank you for being an integral part of our mission to celebrate and preserve culture and folklore on Wikipedia.
Best regards, <br >
'''Tuluvas Aati Month Team'''
</div>
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== A2K Monthly Report for October 2024 ==
[[File:Centre for Internet And Society logo.svg|180px|right|link=]]
Dear Wikimedian,
We’re thrilled to share our October newsletter, featuring the impactful work led or support by CIS-A2K over the past month. In this edition, you’ll discover a detailed summary of our events and initiatives, emphasizing our collaborative projects, community interactions, and a preview of the exciting plans on the horizon for next month.
; In the Limelight: TTT
;Dispatches from A2K
; Monthly Recap
* Wikimedia Technology Summit
; Coming Soon - Upcoming Activities
* TTT follow-ups
You can access the newsletter [[:m:CIS-A2K/Reports/Newsletter/October 2024|here]].
<br /><small>To subscribe or unsubscribe to this newsletter, click [[:m:CIS-A2K/Reports/Newsletter/Subscribe|here]]. </small>
Regards [[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:MediaWiki message delivery|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೧೭:೪೦, ೮ ನವಂಬರ್ ೨೦೨೪ (IST)
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== A2K Monthly Report – November 2024 ==
[[File:Centre for Internet And Society logo.svg|180px|right|link=]]
Dear Wikimedian,
We’re excited to bring you the November edition of the CIS-A2K newsletter, highlighting our impactful initiatives and accomplishments over the past month. This issue offers a comprehensive recap of our events, collaborative projects, and community engagement efforts. It also provides a glimpse into the exciting plans we have lined up for the coming month. Stay connected with our vibrant community as we celebrate the progress we’ve made together!
; In the Limelight: Tulu Wikisource
; Dispatches from A2K
; Monthly Recap
* Learning hours Call
* Dandari-Gussadi Festival Documentation, Commons Education Project: Adilabad
* Executive Directors meeting at Oslo
; Coming Soon - Upcoming Activities
* Indic Wikimedia Hackathon 2024
* Learning Hours
You can access the newsletter [[:m:CIS-A2K/Reports/Newsletter/November 2024|here]].
<br /><small>To subscribe or unsubscribe to this newsletter, click [[:m:CIS-A2K/Reports/Newsletter/Subscribe|here]]. </small>
Warm regards,
CIS-A2K Team [[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:MediaWiki message delivery|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೨೨:೧೯, ೧೦ ದಸಂಬರ್ ೨೦೨೪ (IST)
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== Invitation to Participate in the Wikimedia SAARC Conference Community Engagement Survey ==
Dear Community Members,
I hope this message finds you well. Please excuse the use of English; we encourage translations into your local languages to ensure inclusivity.
We are conducting a Community Engagement Survey to assess the sentiments, needs, and interests of South Asian Wikimedia communities in organizing the inaugural Wikimedia SAARC Regional Conference, proposed to be held in Kathmandu, Nepal.
This initiative aims to bring together participants from eight nations to collaborate towards shared goals. Your insights will play a vital role in shaping the event's focus, identifying priorities, and guiding the strategic planning for this landmark conference.
Survey Link: https://forms.gle/en8qSuCvaSxQVD7K6
We kindly request you to dedicate a few moments to complete the survey. Your feedback will significantly contribute to ensuring this conference addresses the community's needs and aspirations.
Deadline to Submit the Survey: 20 January 2025
Your participation is crucial in shaping the future of the Wikimedia SAARC community and fostering regional collaboration. Thank you for your time and valuable input.
Warm regards,<br>
[[:m:User:Biplab Anand|Biplab Anand]]
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== A2K Monthly Report – December 2024 ==
[[File:Centre for Internet And Society logo.svg|180px|right|link=]]
Dear Wikimedian,
Happy 2025! We are thrilled to share with you the December edition of the CIS-A2K Newsletter, showcasing our initiatives and achievements from the past month. In this issue, we offer a detailed recap of key events, collaborative projects, and community engagement efforts. Additionally, we provide a preview of the exciting plans we have in store for the upcoming month. Stay connected with our dynamic community as we celebrate the progress we’ve made together!
; In the Limelight: Santali Food Festival
; Dispatches from A2K
; Monthly Recap
* Learning hours Call
* Indic Wikimedia Hackathon 2024
* Santali Food Festival
; Coming Soon - Upcoming Activities
* She Leads Bootcamp
You can access the newsletter [[:m:CIS-A2K/Reports/Newsletter/December 2024|here]].
<br /><small>To subscribe or unsubscribe to this newsletter, click [[:m:CIS-A2K/Reports/Newsletter/Subscribe|here]]. </small>
Warm regards,
CIS-A2K Team
[[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:MediaWiki message delivery|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೨೨:೪೩, ೧೨ ಜನವರಿ ೨೦೨೫ (IST)
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== ಸ್ತ್ರೀವಾದೊ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಜಾನಪದೊ 2025 ==
<div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;>
[[File:ಸ್ತ್ರೀವಾದೊ ಬುಕ್ಕೊ ಜಾನಪದೊ banner.svg|750px|center|link=ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ:ಸ್ತ್ರೀವಾದೊ ಬುಕ್ಕೊ ಜಾನಪದೊ 2025]]<div style="padding:2em; background:#F6F6F6">
'''[[ವಿಕಿಮೀಡಿಯ:ಸ್ತ್ರೀವಾದೊ ಬುಕ್ಕೊ ಜಾನಪದೊ 2025|ಸ್ತ್ರೀವಾದೊ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಜಾನಪದೊ 2025]]''' ಪನ್ಪಿನವು ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯೊಡು ವರ್ಸೊಡೊರ ಫೆಬ್ರವರಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಮಾರ್ಚ್ಡ್ ಆಯೋಜನೆ ಮಲ್ಪಿನ ಅಂತಾರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ಬರವುದ ಪಂತೊ ಅತುಂಡು, ಉಂದೆನ್ ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯೊಡು ಪ್ರಪಂಚೊದ ಬೇತೆ ಬೇತೆ ಪ್ರದೇಸೊಲೆಡ್ ಜಾನಪದೊ ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತಿಲು ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪೊಂಜೊವುಲೆನ್ ಜಾನಪದೊಟ್ಟು ದಾಕಲೆ ಮಲ್ಪರೆ ಆಯೋಜನೆ ಮಲ್ಪುವೆರ್. ಈ ಯೋಜನೆ ಪಟ ಪಾಡುನ ಅಬಿಯಾನವಾದ್ ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ ಆವೃತ್ತಿಯಾತ್ಂಡ್ ವಿಕಿ ಲವ್ಸ್ ಫೋಕ್ಲೋರ್ (WLF) ಉಂದು ಪ್ರಪಂಚೊಡುಪ್ಪುನ ಜಾನಪದೊ ಸಂಪ್ರದಾಯೊಲೆನ್ ದಾಕಲೆ ಮಲ್ಪರೆ ವಿಕಿಮೀಡಿಯ ಕಾಮನ್ಸ್ಡ್ ಆಯೋಜನೆ ಮಲ್ದೆರ್.
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[[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:MediaWiki message delivery|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೦೦:೧೧, ೨೪ ಜನವರಿ ೨೦೨೫ (IST)
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== Wikipedia Asian Month 2024 Barnstar ==
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'''Dear {{ROOTPAGENAME}}''',
Thank you for joining us in celebrating the 10th year of Wikipedia Asian Month!<br>
We truly appreciate your contributions, and we look forward to seeing more articles about Asia written in different languages.
We also hope you continue to participate each year!
'''Sincerely,<br>'''
'''Wikipedia Asian Month User Group'''
[[File:2024 Wikipedia Asian Month Barnstar.png|center|300px]]
</div>
</div>
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== Invitation: Karavali Wikimedians Stall & Community Meetup at Mangaluru Lit Fest 2026 ==
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<span style="font-size: 160%; font-weight: bold; color: #cc5500; text-shadow: 1px 1px 2px #ddd;">✨ Karavali Wikimedians @ Mangaluru Lit Fest 2026 ✨</span><br>
<span style="font-size: 120%; color: #4b0082; font-weight: bold;">Celebrating 10th Years of Tulu Wikipedia & 25th Years of Wikipedia</span></div>
Dear Wikimedians,
Warm greetings from '''Karavali Wikimedians User Group'''! 🌟
We are thrilled to invite you to the '''[[:m:Karavali Wikimedians Stall & Community Meetup at Mangaluru Lit Fest 2026|8th Edition of the Mangaluru Literature Festival (#MlrLitFest)]]'''. This year is a historic milestone as we kick-start the '''[[:m:Tulu Wikipedia 10th Anniversary|10th Anniversary of Tulu Wikipedia]]'''!
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<span style="font-size: 110%; color: #cc5500;">📅 '''When:'''</span><br>
'''10th & 11th January 2026'''
<br><br>
<span style="font-size: 110%; color: #cc5500;">📍 '''Where:'''</span><br>
'''Dr. TMA Pai International Convention Centre, Mangaluru'''
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<span style="font-size: 110%; color: #2e8b57;">🚀 '''The Wiki Stall:'''</span><br>
Visit our stall to see our work in language documentation and cultural preservation. We need your energy to help manage and showcase our projects!
</div></div>
<div style="margin-top: 20px; padding: 15px; background-color: #f3eafb; border-left: 10px solid #4b0082; border-radius: 5px;">
<span style="font-size: 130%; font-weight: bold; color: #202122;">📌 Special Community Meetup</span><br>
'''Date:''' 11th January 2026 (Day 2)<br>
'''Time:''' 11:00 AM (Followed by Lunch 🍛)<br>
'''Agenda:''' '''''Future roadmaps, upcoming projects, Community health and capacity building.'''''
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<br>
* We warmly invite all community members to attend both days of the festival, and we strongly encourage you not to miss the second day’s meetup, which will be an important space for collective reflection and future planning. We look forward to your presence, participation, and support in making this celebration and gathering meaningful and successful.
'''Warm regards,'''<br/>
<span style="color: #4b0082; font-weight: bold;">President and Secretary</span><br/>Karavali Wikimedians User Group, Mangaluru</div>
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== This Month in Education: March 2026 ==
<div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span>
<span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 15 • Issue 3 • March 2026</span>
<div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/March 2026|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/March 2026/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div>
<div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div>
<div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;">
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Advancing 21st-Century Education: Proposal to Establish the Yorùbá Wikipedia Fan Club at Arolu College of Education, Ilemona|Advancing 21st-Century Education: Proposal to Establish the Yorùbá Wikipedia Fan Club at Arolu College of Education, Ilemona]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Awareness Programme on Language and Culture Protection by KWUG|Awareness Programme on Language and Culture Protection by KWUG]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Teachers from Various Institutions in Rio de Janeiro Explore Wikipedia as a Means of Preserving Memory and Checking Sources|Teachers from Various Institutions in Rio de Janeiro Explore Wikipedia as a Means of Preserving Memory and Checking Sources]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Edu Wiki Nigeria Co-Founder Facilitates Textbook Donation to AHAJAS Integrated School, Gombe|Edu Wiki Nigeria Co-Founder Facilitates Textbook Donation to AHAJAS Integrated School, Gombe]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Inside Wikimedia Ukraine's education program|Inside Wikimedia Ukraine's education program]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Karavali Wikimedians at Mangaluru Design Summit 2026|Karavali Wikimedians at Mangaluru Design Summit 2026]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/One School, One Article Campaign Wrap Up|One School, One Article Campaign Wrap Up]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Seeds of Knowledge: A Wiki Project that Sparked a Community at ADUN|Seeds of Knowledge: A Wiki Project that Sparked a Community at ADUN]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Student workshops at Serbian Universities: enriching Wikipedia with topics on culture and technology|Student workshops at Serbian Universities: enriching Wikipedia with topics on culture and technology]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/The Open Knowledge Alliance: Wikimedia and Libraries|The Open Knowledge Alliance: Wikimedia and Libraries]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Wikimedia CR published updated guide for beginners|Wikimedia CR published updated guide for beginners]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Wikimedia goes back to the classroom in Brazil|Wikimedia goes back to the classroom in Brazil]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Workshop on Feminism and Folklore 2026 by Wiki Club SATI|Workshop on Feminism and Folklore 2026 by Wiki Club SATI]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/“Wikimedia MKD in Action: Teacher Conferences and Education Activities|“Wikimedia MKD in Action: Teacher Conferences and Education Activities]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Wikipedia & Libraries: Building New Contributors|Wikipedia & Libraries: Building New Contributors]]
</div>
<div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] ೧೫:೫೨, ೧ ಎಪ್ರಿಲ್ ೨೦೨೬ (IST)</div>
</div>
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== Meeting Invitation: Karavali Wikimedians User Group (KWUG) ==
'''Namaskara!'''
You are cordially invited to the upcoming online meeting of the Karavali Wikimedians User Group. We will be discussing key projects, including the 10th-anniversary celebrations for Tulu Wikipedia and our cultural heritage campaigns.
'''Meeting Details:''' <br/>
📅 Date: Thursday, 23 April 2026 <br/>
⏰ Time: 07:30 PM (IST) <br/>
📍 Venue: Google Meet (Online) <br/>
🔗 Meeting Link: https://meet.google.com/xgs-fodf-ouy
'''Agenda:''' <br/>
Wiki Loves Tuluvas: Living and Cultural Heritage campaign. <br/>
Tulu Wikipedia 10th Anniversary: Planning the milestone celebration. <br/>
In-person Meeting: Scheduling our next physical gathering. <br/>
GLAM Activity: Updates on gallery and library collaborations. <br/>
Open Discussion: Other community matters.
Your participation and ideas are vital to the growth of our community. See you there...
'''More:''' <br/>
https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Karavali_Wikimedians/Meetups/Online_Meetup_23_April_2026
'''On behalf''', <br/>
Karavali Wikimedians
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== This Month in Education: April 2026 ==
<div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span>
<span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 15 • Issue 4 • April 2026</span>
<div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/April 2026|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/April 2026/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div>
<div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div>
<div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;">
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Empowering Knowledge: Wikimedia MKD Education Update|Empowering Knowledge: Wikimedia MKD Education Update]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/WikiScholar: A School-Level Initiative to Promote Free Knowledge in Bangladesh|WikiScholar: A School-Level Initiative to Promote Free Knowledge in Bangladesh]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Wikipedia for School 2025–2026: A Competition That Continued Despite Frost, Power Outages, and War|Wikipedia for School 2025–2026: A Competition That Continued Despite Frost, Power Outages, and War]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Wikimedia UK and Thoughtful delivery new media literacy teacher training course|Wikimedia UK and Thoughtful delivery new media literacy teacher training course]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Wikimedia CR supporting SDG's in Czech schools|Wikimedia CR supporting SDG's in Czech schools]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/University Students’ Mandatory Internships at Wikimedia Armenia|University Students’ Mandatory Internships at Wikimedia Armenia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Third year of collaboration with Aleksandër Xhuvani University in Elbasan, Albania|Third year of collaboration with Aleksandër Xhuvani University in Elbasan, Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Students Discover Open Source and Learn Wikipedia and Wikidata Skills for the First Time in Zarqa, Jordan|Students Discover Open Source and Learn Wikipedia and Wikidata Skills for the First Time in Zarqa, Jordan]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Leveraging on Wikipedia as a tool for curbing Health Misinformation and Disinformation in Akwa Ibom and Rivers State, Nigeria|Leveraging on Wikipedia as a tool for curbing Health Misinformation and Disinformation in Akwa Ibom and Rivers State, Nigeria]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Governance and Public Knowledge: Wikipedia as a Learning Tool in Sustainability Education through UNESCO Designated Sites|Governance and Public Knowledge: Wikipedia as a Learning Tool in Sustainability Education through UNESCO Designated Sites]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/A month full of encounters with students in Brazil|A month full of encounters with students in Brazil]]
</div>
<div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] ೨೧:೩೧, ೨೭ ಎಪ್ರಿಲ್ ೨೦೨೬ (IST)</div>
</div>
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== This Month in Education: May 2026 ==
<div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span>
<span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 15 • Issue 5 • May 2026</span>
<div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/May 2026|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/May 2026/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div>
<div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div>
<div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;">
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Teaching innovation with Wikimedia. Shared experiences in Spanish Universities|Teaching innovation with Wikimedia. Shared experiences in Spanish Universities]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Editing Wikipedia with Viktor Hygo High School in Albania|Editing Wikipedia with Viktor Hygo High School in Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Debating free license in Brazil|Debating free license in Brazil]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Microclimatic Explainers: A short-form media approach to build micro-level environmental awareness in India|Microclimatic Explainers: A short-form media approach to build micro-level environmental awareness in India]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Ukraine publishes the first academic collection of papers on Wikipedia and Wikimedia Projects|Ukraine publishes the first academic collection of papers on Wikipedia and Wikimedia Projects]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Wiki Digital Youth Club Launches in Tanzania: Youth Build Digital Skills Through Competitive Quest Challenges|Wiki Digital Youth Club Launches in Tanzania: Youth Build Digital Skills Through Competitive Quest Challenges]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Wiki Youth Participation in Building Rwanda’s Open Knowledge Ecosystem|Wiki Youth Participation in Building Rwanda’s Open Knowledge Ecosystem]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Wikimedia Digi-Youth Club in Nigeria|Wikimedia Digi-Youth Club in Nigeria]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Wikimedia MKD's Education News & Activities|Wikimedia MKD's Education News & Activities]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Wikipedia Serbia's interns and Wiki Ambassadors provide crucial support towards end of the school year|Wikipedia Serbia's interns and Wiki Ambassadors provide crucial support towards end of the school year]]
</div>
<div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] ೨೨:೨೩, ೧ ಜೂನ್ ೨೦೨೬ (IST)</div>
</div>
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== ತುಳು ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ ೧೦ನೇ ವರ್ಸಂತಿಗೆದ ಬರೆವು ಪಂತೊಗು ಲೆಪ್ಪೋಲೆ! ==
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'''ನಮಸ್ಕಾರ!''' 🙏
ನಮ್ಮ ತುಳು ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ ಸುರು ಆದ್ ಇತ್ತೆ ಪತ್ತ್ ವರ್ಷದ ಸಂಭ್ರಮೋಡುಂಡು. ಈ ಎಡ್ಡೆ ಲೇಸ್ದ ನೆನಪುಗಾದ್, ನಮ್ಮ ತುಳು ಬಾಸೆ ಬುಕ್ಕೊ ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತಿನ್ ಇಂಟರ್ನೆಟ್ಡ್ ಜಗತ್ತ್ಗೇ ತೆರಿಪಾಯೆರೆ ಒಂಜಿ ಪೊರ್ಲುದ '''ಲೇಖನ ಬರೆಪುನ ಪಂತೊನು''' ದೀಡುಂಡು.
ನಮ್ಮ ತುಳುನಾಡ್ದ ಇತಿಹಾಸ, ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತಿ, ಆಚಾರ-ವಿಚಾರದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಜ್ಞಾನ ಉಪ್ಪುನ ಮಾತೆರೆಗ್ಲಾ ಮುಲ್ಪ ಮುಕ್ತ ಆಯಿನ ಅವಕಾಶ ಉಂಡು!
=== 📅 ಪಂತೊದ ದಿನೊಕ್ಕುಲು ===
* '''ಸುರು ಆಪುನ ದಿನ:''' ಜೂನ್ ೫, ೨೦೨೬ (00:00 UTC)
* '''ಮುಗಿಯುನಾ ದಿನ:''' ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ ೪, ೨೦೨೬ (11:59 UTC)
=== 📝 ಪಂತೊದ ನಿಯಮೊಲು ===
# '''ವಿಷಯ:''' ನಮ್ಮ ಸ್ಥಳೀಯ ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ತುಳುನಾಡ್ದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಇಪ್ಪೊಡು.
# '''ಗಾತ್ರ:''' ಪೊಸ ಲೇಖನ ಅತ್ತಂಡ ಎಕ್ಸ್ಪ್ಯಾಂಡ್ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಲೇಖನ ಕಮ್ಮಿ ಪಂಡಲಾ '''೩೦೦ ಪದೊಕುಲು''' (ಅತ್ತಂಡ ೩,೦೦೦ ಬೈಟ್ಸ್) ಇಪ್ಪೊಡು.
# '''ಗುಣಮಟ್ಟ:''' ಸ್ವಂತ ಬರೆತಿನ ಇಪ್ಪೊಡು (Copy-paste ಬುಕ್ಕೊ ಮೆಷಿನ್ ಟ್ರಾನ್ಸ್ಲೇಟ್ ಮಲ್ದಿನ ಲೇಖನೊಲು ಬಲ್ಲಿ). ಸರಿಯಾಯಿನ ಆಧಾರ/ಲಿಂಕ್ ದೀಡೊಡು.
=== 🏆 ಬೊಮ್ಮನೊಲು ===
* ವಿಶೇಷ ಬಹುಮಾನೊಲು ಬುಕ್ಕೊ ಸರ್ಟಿಫಿಕೇಟ್ಲು ಉಂಡು! (ವಿವರೊಲು ಬೇಗನೇ ಪ್ರಕಟ ಆಪುಂಡು).
----
📢 '''ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನ ಮಾಹಿತಿ ಬುಕ್ಕೊ ಪಾಲ್ ಪಡೆಯರೆ ಈ ಪುಟೊಗು ಬಲೆ:''' [[tcy:ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ:10ನೇ ವರ್ಸಂತಿಗೆದ ಬರವು ಪಂತೊ|ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ:10ನೇ ವರ್ಸಂತಿಗೆದ ಬರವು ಪಂತೊ]]
ನಿಕ್ಲೆನ ಅಕ್ಷರೊಲು ನಮ್ಮ ತುಳು ಬಾಸೆಗ್ ಬಲ ಕೊರಡ್. ಬಲೆ, ಮಾತೆರ್ಲಾ ಒಟ್ಟಿಗೆ ಸೇರ್ದ್ ತುಳು ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯನ್ ಬಂಗಾರ ಮಲ್ಪುಗ!
|}
[[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:MediaWiki message delivery|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೧೯:೪೮, ೪ ಜೂನ್ ೨೦೨೬ (IST)
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== This Month in Education: June 2026 ==
<div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span>
<span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 15 • Issue 6 • June 2026</span>
<div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/June 2026|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/June 2026/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div>
<div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div>
<div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;">
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Wikipedia Editathon at Dinajpur Govt. College: Empowering Graduate Students in the Open Knowledge Movement|Wikipedia Editathon at Dinajpur Govt. College: Empowering Graduate Students in the Open Knowledge Movement]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Wikimedia Serbia prepares for Edu Wiki camp 2026|Wikimedia Serbia prepares for Edu Wiki camp 2026]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Wiki Digi-Youth Clubs pilot explores challenge-based learning across three countries|Wiki Digi-Youth Clubs pilot explores challenge-based learning across three countries]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Why the EduWiki Hub Starter Kit Matters for the Future of Education|Why the EduWiki Hub Starter Kit Matters for the Future of Education]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Portuguese Universities adopt free knowledge tools: Wikipedia is the favorite|Portuguese Universities adopt free knowledge tools: Wikipedia is the favorite]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Translating on Wikipedia used as extra – credit assignment in University of Prishtina, Kosovo|Translating on Wikipedia used as extra – credit assignment in University of Prishtina, Kosovo]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Strengthening Wikimedia Education Through Community Learning and Digital Literacy Initiatives|Strengthening Wikimedia Education Through Community Learning and Digital Literacy Initiatives]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Small Group, Big Impact: Building Skills Through the Wikimedia Volunteer Focus Group in Botswana|Small Group, Big Impact: Building Skills Through the Wikimedia Volunteer Focus Group in Botswana]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/"25x25 Project – Celebrating Wikipedia" in Córdoba, Argentina|"25x25 Project – Celebrating Wikipedia" in Córdoba, Argentina]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Mapping and gathering educational activities on Wiki in Brazilian universities|Mapping and gathering educational activities on Wiki in Brazilian universities]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Growing Wiki Education in the Philippines: Highlights from Bikol WikiConference 2026|Growing Wiki Education in the Philippines: Highlights from Bikol WikiConference 2026]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/From Mentee to Builder: Six Months in the EduWiki Hub Mentorship Program|From Mentee to Builder: Six Months in the EduWiki Hub Mentorship Program]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/EduWiki Hub publishes its first Community Newsletter|EduWiki Hub publishes its first Community Newsletter]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Click, Capture, and Contribute: Scaling Open Knowledge Through Mobile Photography|Click, Capture, and Contribute: Scaling Open Knowledge Through Mobile Photography]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Education in Action: Limkokwing School Adoption Program 2026 and Wikimedia Learning Outcomes|Education in Action: Limkokwing School Adoption Program 2026 and Wikimedia Learning Outcomes]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Impact of Wiki Digi youth Clubs initiative in education of Rwanda|Impact of Wiki Digi youth Clubs initiative in education of Rwanda]]
</div>
<div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] ೦೯:೪೬, ೨೮ ಜೂನ್ ೨೦೨೬ (IST)</div>
</div>
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== This Month in Education: July 2026 ==
<div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span>
<span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 15 • Issue 7 • July 2026</span>
<div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/July 2026|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/July 2026/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div>
<div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div>
<div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;">
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2026/Practical Wikipedia Training for Teachers Held in Tetovo, Macedonia|Practical Wikipedia Training for Teachers Held in Tetovo, Macedonia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2026/Wikimedia Ukraine at the Teachers of the Future Festival|Wikimedia Ukraine at the Teachers of the Future Festival]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2026/Six Months of Growth, Learning, and Impact: My Journey as an EduWiki Mentor|Six Months of Growth, Learning, and Impact: My Journey as an EduWiki Mentor]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2026/PhilWiki Community pays homage to Antoine de Saint-Exupéry at Wikimania Paris 2026|PhilWiki Community pays homage to Antoine de Saint-Exupéry at Wikimania Paris 2026]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2026/Google25 Expands Tamil Wikipedia Community|Google25 Expands Tamil Wikipedia Community]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2026/Edu Wiki camp gathers Serbian youth around the topic of open knowledge|Edu Wiki camp gathers Serbian youth around the topic of open knowledge]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2026/Cátedra Glaciares: A Collaborative Experience for the Study and Conservation of Colombia’s Cryosphere|Cátedra Glaciares: A Collaborative Experience for the Study and Conservation of Colombia’s Cryosphere]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2026/Continuing Wiki education partnerships in Brazil|Continuing Wiki education partnerships in Brazil]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2026/Building EduWiki in Albania: From school outreach to student contributions in Wikimedia projects|Building EduWiki in Albania: From school outreach to student contributions in Wikimedia projects]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2026/1Lib1Ref WUGN Kaduna, 2026|1Lib1Ref WUGN Kaduna, 2026]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2026/We create the first master class on access to knowledge and open technology in collaboration with National Autonomous University of Mexico, UNAM|We create the first master class on access to knowledge and open technology in collaboration with National Autonomous University of Mexico, UNAM]]
</div>
<div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] ೦೧:೧೮, ೩೧ ಜುಲಾಯಿ ೨೦೨೬ (IST)</div>
</div>
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["Taxonomy/Eumetabola"] = 250000,
["Taxonomy/Eumetazoa"] = 489000,
["Taxonomy/Eupasseres"] = 9800,
["Taxonomy/Eupercaria"] = 5700,
["Taxonomy/Euphyllophytes"] = 2000,
["Taxonomy/Eupitheciini"] = 2000,
["Taxonomy/Eupulmonata"] = 6300,
["Taxonomy/Eureptilia"] = 25000,
["Taxonomy/Eurypterygii"] = 18000,
["Taxonomy/Euselachii"] = 2300,
["Taxonomy/Euteleostei"] = 19000,
["Taxonomy/Eutheria"] = 17000,
["Taxonomy/Euthyneura"] = 13000,
["Taxonomy/Euungulata"] = 4100,
["Taxonomy/Fabaceae"] = 6800,
["Taxonomy/Fabales"] = 7100,
["Taxonomy/Fabids"] = 18000,
["Taxonomy/Faboideae"] = 3900,
["Taxonomy/Ferae"] = 2300,
["Taxonomy/Ferungulata"] = 6400,
["Taxonomy/Filozoa"] = 491000,
["Taxonomy/Formicidae"] = 3300,
["Taxonomy/Formicoidea"] = 3300,
["Taxonomy/Fungi"] = 25000,
["Taxonomy/Gamasina"] = 2300,
["Taxonomy/Gastropoda"] = 44000,
["Taxonomy/Gekkonoidea"] = 2200,
["Taxonomy/Gekkonomorpha"] = 2600,
["Taxonomy/Gekkota"] = 2600,
["Taxonomy/Gelechiidae"] = 6100,
["Taxonomy/Gelechiinae"] = 3000,
["Taxonomy/Gelechioidea"] = 19000,
["Taxonomy/Gentianales"] = 5000,
["Taxonomy/Geometridae"] = 11000,
["Taxonomy/Geometroidea"] = 11000,
["Taxonomy/Glires"] = 4600,
["Taxonomy/Gliriformes"] = 4600,
["Taxonomy/Glossata"] = 116000,
["Taxonomy/Gnathostomata"] = 111000,
["Taxonomy/Gracillariidae"] = 2200,
["Taxonomy/Gracillarioidea"] = 2500,
["Taxonomy/Graminid_clade"] = 4100,
["Taxonomy/Halvaria"] = 3000,
["Taxonomy/Helicina_(suborder)"] = 5500,
["Taxonomy/Hemiptera"] = 10000,
["Taxonomy/Hesperiidae"] = 2700,
["Taxonomy/Heterobranchia"] = 13000,
["Taxonomy/Heteroneura"] = 115000,
["Taxonomy/Heteroptera"] = 5100,
["Taxonomy/Hexapoda"] = 265000,
["Taxonomy/Holometabola"] = 238000,
["Taxonomy/Holomycota"] = 25000,
["Taxonomy/Holozoa"] = 491000,
["Taxonomy/Hyloidea"] = 3600,
["Taxonomy/Hymenoptera"] = 14000,
["Taxonomy/Hymenopterida"] = 14000,
["Taxonomy/Iguania"] = 2500,
["Taxonomy/Iguanomorpha"] = 2500,
["Taxonomy/Insecta"] = 263000,
["Taxonomy/Lamiales"] = 6900,
["Taxonomy/Lamiids"] = 14000,
["Taxonomy/Lamiinae"] = 21000,
["Taxonomy/Larentiinae"] = 3700,
["Taxonomy/Laurasiatheria"] = 9200,
["Taxonomy/Lecanoromycetes"] = 4700,
["Taxonomy/Lecanoromycetidae"] = 3200,
["Taxonomy/Leotiomyceta"] = 14000,
["Taxonomy/Lepidoptera"] = 116000,
["Taxonomy/Lepidosauria"] = 15000,
["Taxonomy/Lepidosauromorpha"] = 15000,
["Taxonomy/Life"] = 651000,
["Taxonomy/Linyphiidae"] = 2100,
["Taxonomy/Lissamphibia"] = 9000,
["Taxonomy/Lithosiini"] = 3600,
["Taxonomy/Littorinimorpha"] = 5800,
["Taxonomy/Lophotrochozoa"] = 57000,
["Taxonomy/Lycaenidae"] = 4100,
["Taxonomy/Macroheterocera"] = 43000,
["Taxonomy/Magnoliids"] = 2900,
["Taxonomy/Malacostraca"] = 7100,
["Taxonomy/Malaxideae"] = 2200,
["Taxonomy/Malpighiales"] = 4900,
["Taxonomy/Malvales"] = 2700,
["Taxonomy/Malvids"] = 13000,
["Taxonomy/Mammalia"] = 19000,
["Taxonomy/Mammalia/skip"] = 19000,
["Taxonomy/Mandibulata"] = 277000,
["Taxonomy/Melolonthinae"] = 3000,
["Taxonomy/Meso-Papilionoideae"] = 3800,
["Taxonomy/Mesostigmata"] = 2800,
["Taxonomy/Mollusca"] = 52000,
["Taxonomy/Monocots"] = 27000,
["Taxonomy/Monogynaspida"] = 2500,
["Taxonomy/Multicrustacea"] = 8700,
["Taxonomy/Muricidae"] = 2200,
["Taxonomy/Muricoidea"] = 2200,
["Taxonomy/Muroidea"] = 2600,
["Taxonomy/Muscomorpha"] = 15000,
["Taxonomy/Mygalomorphae"] = 2400,
["Taxonomy/Myoglossata"] = 116000,
["Taxonomy/Myomorpha"] = 2700,
["Taxonomy/Myriapoda"] = 2400,
["Taxonomy/Myrtaceae"] = 3100,
["Taxonomy/Myrtales"] = 4600,
["Taxonomy/Myrtoideae"] = 3100,
["Taxonomy/Nematocera"] = 3300,
["Taxonomy/Neoaves"] = 17000,
["Taxonomy/Neobatrachia"] = 6700,
["Taxonomy/Neocephalopoda"] = 3800,
["Taxonomy/Neodiapsida"] = 24000,
["Taxonomy/Neogastropoda"] = 16000,
["Taxonomy/Neognathae"] = 18000,
["Taxonomy/Neolepidoptera"] = 116000,
["Taxonomy/Neoptera"] = 258000,
["Taxonomy/Neopterygii"] = 32000,
["Taxonomy/Neoreptilia"] = 25000,
["Taxonomy/Neoteleostei"] = 18000,
["Taxonomy/Nephrozoa"] = 484000,
["Taxonomy/Neuropteroidea"] = 83000,
["Taxonomy/Noctuidae"] = 8400,
["Taxonomy/Noctuinae"] = 2800,
["Taxonomy/Noctuoidea"] = 27000,
["Taxonomy/Non-protein_amino_acid-accumulating_clade"] = 2700,
["Taxonomy/Nudibranchia"] = 2700,
["Taxonomy/Nudipleura"] = 2700,
["Taxonomy/Nymphalidae"] = 4300,
["Taxonomy/Obazoa"] = 516000,
["Taxonomy/Obtectomera"] = 73000,
["Taxonomy/Odonata"] = 3100,
["Taxonomy/Odonatoptera"] = 3100,
["Taxonomy/Oestroidea"] = 5000,
["Taxonomy/Olfactores"] = 112000,
["Taxonomy/Ophidia"] = 5200,
["Taxonomy/Opisthokonta"] = 516000,
["Taxonomy/Opisthothelae"] = 18000,
["Taxonomy/Orchidaceae"] = 8100,
["Taxonomy/Orchidoideae"] = 2300,
["Taxonomy/Ornithodira"] = 5000,
["Taxonomy/Ornithurae"] = 19000,
["Taxonomy/Ornithurae/skip"] = 19000,
["Taxonomy/Orthoptera"] = 4400,
["Taxonomy/Ostariophysi"] = 10000,
["Taxonomy/Osteichthyes"] = 108000,
["Taxonomy/Otocephala"] = 11000,
["Taxonomy/Otophysi"] = 10000,
["Taxonomy/Ovalentaria"] = 5000,
["Taxonomy/Palaeoptera"] = 3800,
["Taxonomy/Pan-Carnivora"] = 2200,
["Taxonomy/Pan-Euteleostei"] = 19000,
["Taxonomy/Pan-Euungulata"] = 4100,
["Taxonomy/Panarthropoda"] = 307000,
["Taxonomy/Pancrustacea"] = 274000,
["Taxonomy/Panorpida"] = 141000,
["Taxonomy/Panpulmonata"] = 8600,
["Taxonomy/Pantetrapulmonata"] = 19000,
["Taxonomy/Papilionoidea"] = 13000,
["Taxonomy/ParaHoxozoa"] = 489000,
["Taxonomy/Parapleurota"] = 24000,
["Taxonomy/Parasitiformes"] = 3100,
["Taxonomy/Paraxonia"] = 2900,
["Taxonomy/Passerea"] = 13000,
["Taxonomy/Passeri"] = 7800,
["Taxonomy/Passerida"] = 3500,
["Taxonomy/Passerides"] = 5900,
["Taxonomy/Passeriformes"] = 9800,
["Taxonomy/Pentatomomorpha"] = 2300,
["Taxonomy/Peracarida"] = 2500,
["Taxonomy/Perciformes"] = 2800,
["Taxonomy/Percomorpha"] = 16000,
["Taxonomy/Pezizomycotina"] = 15000,
["Taxonomy/Phycitinae"] = 2600,
["Taxonomy/Phytophaga"] = 41000,
["Taxonomy/Placentalia"] = 17000,
["Taxonomy/Plantae"] = 112000,
["Taxonomy/Planulozoa"] = 3800,
["Taxonomy/Platyhelminthes"] = 2700,
["Taxonomy/Pleocyemata"] = 4100,
["Taxonomy/Poaceae"] = 4100,
["Taxonomy/Poales"] = 9400,
["Taxonomy/Podiata"] = 516000,
["Taxonomy/Polyneoptera"] = 8600,
["Taxonomy/Polyphaga"] = 67000,
["Taxonomy/Polypodiophyta"] = 2000,
["Taxonomy/Polypodiopsida"] = 2000,
["Taxonomy/Polysporangiophytes"] = 108000,
["Taxonomy/Polysporangiophytes/Plantae"] = 108000,
["Taxonomy/Proteales"] = 2000,
["Taxonomy/Protostomia"] = 369000,
["Taxonomy/Pseudomonadati"] = 8000,
["Taxonomy/Pseudomonadota"] = 5000,
["Taxonomy/Psittacopasseres"] = 11000,
["Taxonomy/Pteropliini"] = 2300,
["Taxonomy/Pterygota"] = 262000,
["Taxonomy/Pyralidae"] = 4500,
["Taxonomy/Pyraloidea"] = 16000,
["Taxonomy/Pyramidellidae"] = 2200,
["Taxonomy/Pyramidelloidea"] = 2300,
["Taxonomy/Ranoidea"] = 2900,
["Taxonomy/Reptantia"] = 3400,
["Taxonomy/Reptilia"] = 25000,
["Taxonomy/Reptiliomorpha"] = 64000,
["Taxonomy/Rhabditophora"] = 2700,
["Taxonomy/Rhipidistia"] = 74000,
["Taxonomy/Ringipleura"] = 2700,
["Taxonomy/Rodentia"] = 4400,
["Taxonomy/Romeriida"] = 25000,
["Taxonomy/Rosales"] = 3300,
["Taxonomy/Rosids"] = 31000,
["Taxonomy/Rouphozoa"] = 2800,
["Taxonomy/Rubiaceae"] = 2500,
["Taxonomy/Saccharomyceta"] = 15000,
["Taxonomy/Salientia"] = 7800,
["Taxonomy/Salticidae"] = 2900,
["Taxonomy/Salticinae"] = 2600,
["Taxonomy/Sapindales"] = 3200,
["Taxonomy/Sar"] = 3900,
["Taxonomy/Sarcopterygii"] = 75000,
["Taxonomy/Sauria"] = 23000,
["Taxonomy/Saurischia"] = 2900,
["Taxonomy/Sauropsida"] = 43000,
["Taxonomy/Scarabaeidae"] = 10000,
["Taxonomy/Scarabaeiformia"] = 11000,
["Taxonomy/Scarabaeoidea"] = 11000,
["Taxonomy/Schizophora"] = 12000,
["Taxonomy/Scincidae"] = 2100,
["Taxonomy/Scincomorpha"] = 2400,
["Taxonomy/Scrotifera"] = 8400,
["Taxonomy/Sericinae"] = 3900,
["Taxonomy/Sericini"] = 3600,
["Taxonomy/Serpentes"] = 5200,
["Taxonomy/Setaphyta"] = 2100,
["Taxonomy/Siluriformes"] = 3600,
["Taxonomy/Simplicidentata"] = 4400,
["Taxonomy/Sordariomyceta"] = 4600,
["Taxonomy/Sordariomycetes"] = 2900,
["Taxonomy/Spermatophyta"] = 105000,
["Taxonomy/Spermatophytes/Plantae"] = 105000,
["Taxonomy/Spilomelinae"] = 4300,
["Taxonomy/Spiralia"] = 60000,
["Taxonomy/Squamata"] = 15000,
["Taxonomy/Staphyliniformia"] = 3000,
["Taxonomy/Staphylinoidea"] = 2200,
["Taxonomy/Stegocephali"] = 74000,
["Taxonomy/Stylommatophora"] = 6000,
["Taxonomy/Superasterids"] = 38000,
["Taxonomy/Superrosids"] = 32000,
["Taxonomy/Syrphidae"] = 2100,
["Taxonomy/Syrphoidea"] = 2300,
["Taxonomy/TSAR"] = 4000,
["Taxonomy/Tachinidae"] = 4400,
["Taxonomy/Tectipleura"] = 9800,
["Taxonomy/Teleocephala"] = 30000,
["Taxonomy/Teleostei"] = 32000,
["Taxonomy/Teleosteomorpha"] = 32000,
["Taxonomy/Telluraves"] = 13000,
["Taxonomy/Tenebrionoidea"] = 3400,
["Taxonomy/Tephritidae"] = 3300,
["Taxonomy/Tephritinae"] = 2400,
["Taxonomy/Tephritoidea"] = 4300,
["Taxonomy/Tetrapoda"] = 74000,
["Taxonomy/Tetrapodomorpha"] = 74000,
["Taxonomy/Tetrapulmonata"] = 19000,
["Taxonomy/Theria"] = 18000,
["Taxonomy/Theria/skip"] = 18000,
["Taxonomy/Theropoda/skip"] = 19000,
["Taxonomy/Tortricidae"] = 8500,
["Taxonomy/Tortricinae"] = 5900,
["Taxonomy/Tortricoidea"] = 8500,
["Taxonomy/Toxicofera"] = 8400,
["Taxonomy/Tracheophyta"] = 108000,
["Taxonomy/Tracheophytes/Plantae"] = 108000,
["Taxonomy/Trilobita"] = 2200,
["Taxonomy/Trilobitomorpha"] = 2300,
["Taxonomy/Trochida"] = 2800,
["Taxonomy/Trochoidea"] = 2800,
["Taxonomy/Tyranni"] = 2000,
["Taxonomy/Unicalcarida"] = 14000,
["Taxonomy/Vertebrata"] = 112000,
["Taxonomy/Vetigastropoda"] = 4900,
["Taxonomy/Virus"] = 2900,
["Taxonomy/crown_Formicidae"] = 3200,
["Taxonomy_key"] = 150000,
["Taxonomy_preload"] = 150000,
["Tb"] = 13000,
["Team_roster_navbox"] = 35000,
["Technical"] = 4100,
["Technically_indistinguishable"] = 2500,
["Television_debuts_endings_antonym"] = 7000,
["Television_episode_redirect_handler"] = 24000,
["Television_episode_short_description"] = 13000,
["Template"] = 4700,
["Template-Class"] = 14000,
["TemplateData_header"] = 18000,
["Template_category"] = 36000,
["Template_display"] = 56000,
["Template_for_discussion/dated"] = 24000,
["Template_for_discussion/styles.css"] = 61000,
["Template_for_merging/dated"] = 37000,
["Template_link"] = 7520000,
["Template_link_code"] = 1150000,
["Template_link_code_with_subst"] = 20000,
["Template_link_expanded"] = 2620000,
["Template_link_expanded_with_subst"] = 4900,
["Template_link_general"] = 24000,
["Template_link_interwiki"] = 9000,
["Template_link_null"] = 9200,
["Template_link_universal"] = 12000,
["Template_link_with_alternate_text"] = 2200,
["Template_link_with_link_off"] = 9800,
["Template_link_with_linked_braces"] = 8200,
["Template_link_with_parameters"] = 70000,
["Template_link_with_subst"] = 54000,
["Template_links"] = 2500,
["Template_other"] = 4970000,
["Template_parameter_usage"] = 20000,
["Template_parameter_value"] = 51000,
["Template_rating"] = 2500,
["Template_reference_list"] = 7400,
["Template_sandbox_notice"] = 6400,
["Template_shortcut"] = 6400,
["TennisEventInfo"] = 6800,
["TennisEvents"] = 2200,
["Tennis_events"] = 13000,
["Tennis_icon"] = 2800,
["Tennis_icon2"] = 2800,
["Tennis_record"] = 3000,
["Terminate_sentence"] = 53000,
["Testcases_notice"] = 5100,
["Testcases_other"] = 2000,
["Text_diff"] = 3400,
["Tfd_links"] = 6800,
["Th/abp"] = 115000,
["Thank"] = 2400,
["Thank_you"] = 5400,
["The_edit-summary_field"] = 8900,
["The_edit-summary_field/OOUI"] = 2400,
["Their"] = 15000,
["They"] = 11000,
["They_have"] = 39000,
["Thin_space"] = 28000,
["Thinsp"] = 26000,
["Third-party"] = 6700,
["Thirteen_Colonies_article_name"] = 2100,
["This_is_a_new_user"] = 7000,
["Thursday"] = 2800,
["Tick"] = 81000,
["Ticket_confirmation"] = 3200,
["Time"] = 3000,
["Time_ago"] = 186000,
["Time_signature"] = 3200,
["Time_with_time_zone_link"] = 4300,
["Title_case"] = 5800,
["Title_century"] = 31000,
["Title_country"] = 42000,
["Title_decade"] = 31000,
["Title_demonym"] = 39000,
["Title_disambig_text"] = 250000,
["Title_language"] = 2500,
["Title_monthname"] = 41000,
["Title_number"] = 4400,
["Title_year"] = 263000,
["Title_year+1"] = 13000,
["Title_year-1"] = 2500,
["Title_year2range"] = 7900,
["Title_year2range-1"] = 6300,
["Title_year_range"] = 13000,
["Tl"] = 7230000,
["Tl2"] = 8900,
["Tlc"] = 904000,
["Tld"] = 249000,
["Tlf"] = 9700,
["Tlg"] = 22000,
["Tlit"] = 3200,
["Tlp"] = 70000,
["Tls"] = 52000,
["Tlsc"] = 20000,
["Tlsp"] = 2400,
["Tlu"] = 12000,
["Tlx"] = 2620000,
["Tlxs"] = 3300,
["Tmbox"] = 2400000,
["Tmpv"] = 50000,
["Tn"] = 8200,
["Tnull"] = 9000,
["To"] = 3000,
["To_USD"] = 2400,
["To_USD/CurrencyCheck"] = 2400,
["To_USD/General"] = 2200,
["To_be_announced"] = 7100,
["To_do"] = 7700,
["Toc_right"] = 2100,
["Tocright"] = 7300,
["Todo"] = 2700,
["Tomorrow"] = 7200,
["Tone"] = 7600,
["Tone-cmn"] = 2800,
["Toolbar"] = 349000,
["Toolforge"] = 12000,
["Tooltip"] = 560000,
["Tooltip/styles.css"] = 561000,
["Top-Class"] = 15000,
["Top-importance"] = 15000,
["Top_25_Report"] = 3900,
["Top_25_report"] = 5900,
["Top_icon"] = 84000,
["Totd"] = 4300,
["Totd_nav"] = 5400,
["Tp"] = 2600,
["Tpq"] = 3800,
["Tpr"] = 2900,
["Tps"] = 12000,
["Tpw"] = 3600,
["Tq"] = 170000,
["Tq2"] = 5500,
["Tqb"] = 5200,
["Tqq"] = 7100,
["Tquote"] = 2200,
["Track_gauge"] = 26000,
["Track_listing"] = 123000,
["Tracking_category"] = 5200,
["Tracklist"] = 16000,
["Trademark"] = 7600,
["Trademarked"] = 4200,
["Transclude"] = 18000,
["Transclude_lead_excerpt"] = 3700,
["Transcluded_section"] = 4700,
["Transclusionless"] = 5000,
["Translated"] = 25000,
["Translated_page"] = 113000,
["Translation"] = 20000,
["Translation/Base"] = 2400,
["Translation/Information"] = 2100,
["Translation/Summary"] = 2100,
["Transliteration"] = 68000,
["Tree_chart"] = 8400,
["Tree_chart/end"] = 8400,
["Tree_chart/start"] = 8400,
["Tree_list"] = 24000,
["Tree_list/end"] = 24000,
["Tree_list/styles.css"] = 24000,
["Trim"] = 2970000,
["Trim_%"] = 6700,
["Trim_brackets"] = 3500,
["Trim_leading"] = 2100,
["Trim_quotes"] = 26000,
["Trout"] = 2200,
["Tsh"] = 3200,
["Tsp"] = 2200,
["Tuesday"] = 2800,
["TuttoCalciatori"] = 2200,
["Twitter"] = 16000,
["Two-digit_year"] = 6000,
["TwoLegResult"] = 5800,
["TwoLegStart"] = 4600,
["TwoLeg_start"] = 5800,
["Module:TNT"] = 10000,
["Module:TableTools"] = 9560000,
["Module:Table_empty_cell"] = 33000,
["Module:Taxobox_ranks"] = 655000,
["Module:TaxonItalics"] = 654000,
["Module:TaxonList"] = 27000,
["Module:Taxonbar"] = 502000,
["Module:Taxonbar/candidate"] = 500000,
["Module:Taxonbar/conf"] = 502000,
["Module:Taxonbar/exists"] = 500000,
["Module:Taxonbar/whitelist"] = 502000,
["Module:Team_appearances_list"] = 17000,
["Module:Team_appearances_list/data"] = 17000,
["Module:Team_bracket"] = 55000,
["Module:Team_bracket_tracking"] = 3600,
["Module:Team_roster_navbox"] = 36000,
["Module:Television_episode_redirect_handler"] = 24000,
["Module:Television_episode_short_description"] = 35000,
["Module:Television_infoboxes_disambiguation_check"] = 71000,
["Module:TemplatePar"] = 33000,
["Module:TemplateStyles"] = 597000,
["Module:Template_invocation"] = 3200,
["Module:Template_link_general"] = 3770000,
["Module:Template_parameter_value"] = 12000000,
["Module:Template_redirect_regex"] = 1460000,
["Module:Template_test_case"] = 3300,
["Module:Template_test_case/config"] = 3300,
["Module:Template_test_case/data"] = 3300,
["Module:Template_wrapper"] = 1040000,
["Module:Tennis_events_nav"] = 22000,
["Module:Text"] = 2040000,
["Module:Text/data"] = 53000,
["Module:Tfd_links"] = 6800,
["Module:Time"] = 3400,
["Module:Time/data"] = 3400,
["Module:Time_ago"] = 193000,
["Module:Title_monthname"] = 41000,
["Module:Toolbar"] = 1500000,
["Module:Top_25_report"] = 5900,
["Module:Track_gauge"] = 26000,
["Module:Track_gauge/data"] = 26000,
["Module:Track_listing"] = 123000,
["Module:Track_listing/configuration"] = 123000,
["Module:Track_listing/styles.css"] = 123000,
["Module:Transclusion_count"] = 64000,
["Module:Transclusion_count/data/A"] = 3700,
["Module:Transclusion_count/data/B"] = 2800,
["Module:Transclusion_count/data/C"] = 12000,
["Module:Transclusion_count/data/E"] = 2400,
["Module:Transclusion_count/data/G"] = 2000,
["Module:Transclusion_count/data/I"] = 3300,
["Module:Transclusion_count/data/M"] = 3200,
["Module:Transclusion_count/data/N"] = 2800,
["Module:Transclusion_count/data/P"] = 2900,
["Module:Transclusion_count/data/S"] = 4900,
["Module:Transclusion_count/data/T"] = 2500,
["Module:Transclusion_count/data/U"] = 2600,
["Module:Transclusion_count/data/W"] = 3700,
["Module:Transclusion_count/data/other"] = 2200,
["Module:Tree_chart"] = 8400,
["Module:Tree_chart/data"] = 8400,
["Module:Trim_quotes"] = 68000,
["Module:TwitterSnowflake"] = 48000,
["Module:Type_in_location"] = 137000,
}
2ktiuukoz3zgto1gptjiuvpz6mgt7hn
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2026-07-30T15:36:33Z
ChiK
1136
೧ revisions imported from [[:en:Module:Transclusion_count/data/T]]
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text/plain
return {
["T"] = 324000,
["T1"] = 9000,
["T:TDYK"] = 2700,
["TAFI/Picture_box"] = 2800,
["TBA"] = 6500,
["TCH"] = 2300,
["TCMDb_name"] = 2700,
["TCMDb_title"] = 15000,
["TDMCA"] = 23000,
["TERYT"] = 53000,
["TFAFULL"] = 14000,
["TFAIMAGE"] = 3000,
["TFA_footer"] = 9700,
["TFAfooter"] = 9700,
["TFArecentlist"] = 5400,
["THA"] = 4500,
["TOC_bottom"] = 86000,
["TOC_left"] = 3100,
["TOC_left/styles.css"] = 3100,
["TOC_limit"] = 24000,
["TOC_limit/styles.css"] = 26000,
["TOC_right"] = 51000,
["TOC_right/styles.css"] = 51000,
["TOC_top"] = 86000,
["TOC_top/styles.css"] = 86000,
["TOClimit"] = 3100,
["TOCright"] = 7500,
["TPE"] = 2500,
["TUN"] = 2300,
["TUR"] = 8100,
["TWA/Logo/3"] = 74000,
["TWA/Navigation2"] = 5200,
["TWA_nav_inner_black"] = 38000,
["Tab"] = 6700,
["Tab/Number_of_defined_parameters"] = 6700,
["Tab/styles.css"] = 6700,
["TableTBA"] = 3100,
["Table_alignment"] = 19000,
["Table_alignment/styles.css"] = 19000,
["Tag"] = 7200,
["Talk"] = 4300,
["Talk_Header"] = 5800,
["Talk_archive"] = 45000,
["Talk_archive_navigation"] = 20000,
["Talk_header"] = 841000,
["Talk_header/archivebotparse"] = 115000,
["Talk_header/styles.css"] = 841000,
["Talk_other"] = 4490000,
["Talk_page"] = 8000,
["Talk_page_header"] = 4600,
["Talk_page_of_a_redirect"] = 4200,
["Talk_page_of_redirect"] = 36000,
["Talk_page_stalker"] = 13000,
["Talk_page_watcher"] = 3700,
["Talk_quote"] = 2400,
["Talk_quote_block"] = 22000,
["Talk_quote_block/styles.css"] = 22000,
["Talk_quote_inline"] = 175000,
["Talk_quote_inline/styles.css"] = 175000,
["Talk_quote_inline_with_italics"] = 2800,
["Talk_quote_inline_with_quotes"] = 7200,
["Talkarchive"] = 117000,
["Talkarchivenav"] = 31000,
["Talkback"] = 65000,
["Talkheader"] = 119000,
["Talkpage"] = 6100,
["Talkquote"] = 9200,
["Talkref"] = 3500,
["Talkspace_detect"] = 554000,
["Tallyho"] = 2300,
["Tan"] = 5200,
["Task_force_assessment_category"] = 3100,
["Task_force_assessment_category/core"] = 3100,
["Tasks"] = 927000,
["Taxobox"] = 3500,
["Taxobox/Error_colour"] = 505000,
["Taxobox/core"] = 505000,
["Taxobox/core/styles.css"] = 505000,
["Taxobox/species"] = 199000,
["Taxobox_colour"] = 655000,
["Taxon_author"] = 6200,
["Taxon_info"] = 545000,
["Taxon_italics"] = 394000,
["Taxonbar"] = 502000,
["Taxonbar/candidate"] = 500000,
["Taxonomy"] = 400000,
["Taxonomy/Acalyptratae"] = 6700,
["Taxonomy/Acanthomorpha"] = 17000,
["Taxonomy/Acanthopterygii"] = 17000,
["Taxonomy/Acrididea"] = 2100,
["Taxonomy/Actinomycetes"] = 2600,
["Taxonomy/Actinomycetota"] = 2800,
["Taxonomy/Actinopteri"] = 32000,
["Taxonomy/Actinopterygii"] = 33000,
["Taxonomy/Aculeata"] = 10000,
["Taxonomy/Adephaga"] = 14000,
["Taxonomy/Afrophidia"] = 4500,
["Taxonomy/Agaricales"] = 3600,
["Taxonomy/Agaricomycetes"] = 7200,
["Taxonomy/Agaricomycetidae"] = 4600,
["Taxonomy/Agaricomycotina"] = 7500,
["Taxonomy/Alethinophidia"] = 4700,
["Taxonomy/Allotriocarida"] = 265000,
["Taxonomy/Alphaproteobacteria"] = 2100,
["Taxonomy/Amastigomycota"] = 24000,
["Taxonomy/Ambulacraria"] = 3100,
["Taxonomy/Ammonoidea"] = 2400,
["Taxonomy/Amniota"] = 64000,
["Taxonomy/Amorphea"] = 516000,
["Taxonomy/Amphibia"] = 9100,
["Taxonomy/Amphiesmenoptera"] = 117000,
["Taxonomy/Angiosperms"] = 104000,
["Taxonomy/Animalia"] = 491000,
["Taxonomy/Antennoclypeata"] = 3200,
["Taxonomy/Anthophila"] = 4500,
["Taxonomy/Anthozoa"] = 2200,
["Taxonomy/Antliophora"] = 24000,
["Taxonomy/Anura"] = 7800,
["Taxonomy/Aparaglossata"] = 224000,
["Taxonomy/Apiales"] = 2200,
["Taxonomy/Apo-Chiroptera"] = 2000,
["Taxonomy/Apocrita"] = 14000,
["Taxonomy/Apoditrysia"] = 107000,
["Taxonomy/Apoidea"] = 5100,
["Taxonomy/Arachnida"] = 26000,
["Taxonomy/Arachnopulmonata"] = 19000,
["Taxonomy/Araneae"] = 18000,
["Taxonomy/Araneoidea"] = 3000,
["Taxonomy/Araneomorphae"] = 16000,
["Taxonomy/Archaeplastida"] = 113000,
["Taxonomy/Archelosauria"] = 7200,
["Taxonomy/Archosauria"] = 25000,
["Taxonomy/Archosauria/skip"] = 19000,
["Taxonomy/Archosauriformes"] = 5300,
["Taxonomy/Archosauromorpha"] = 5500,
["Taxonomy/Arctiinae"] = 11000,
["Taxonomy/Arctiini"] = 5200,
["Taxonomy/Arthropoda"] = 306000,
["Taxonomy/Artiodactyla"] = 2700,
["Taxonomy/Artiofabula"] = 2400,
["Taxonomy/Artiopoda"] = 2300,
["Taxonomy/Aschiza"] = 2500,
["Taxonomy/Ascomycota"] = 16000,
["Taxonomy/Asilomorpha"] = 3400,
["Taxonomy/Asparagales"] = 12000,
["Taxonomy/Asteraceae"] = 8600,
["Taxonomy/Asterales"] = 9900,
["Taxonomy/Asterids"] = 31000,
["Taxonomy/Asteroideae"] = 6600,
["Taxonomy/Auchenorrhyncha"] = 3800,
["Taxonomy/Australaves"] = 11000,
["Taxonomy/Avemetatarsalia"] = 5100,
["Taxonomy/Avemetatarsalia/skip"] = 19000,
["Taxonomy/Aves"] = 19000,
["Taxonomy/Avicularioidea"] = 2300,
["Taxonomy/BOP_clade"] = 2300,
["Taxonomy/Bacillati"] = 5700,
["Taxonomy/Bacillota"] = 2300,
["Taxonomy/Bacteria"] = 14000,
["Taxonomy/Basidiomycota"] = 8200,
["Taxonomy/Batrachia"] = 8800,
["Taxonomy/Batrachomorpha"] = 9100,
["Taxonomy/Bilateria"] = 485000,
["Taxonomy/Bivalvia"] = 2800,
["Taxonomy/Bombycoidea"] = 3800,
["Taxonomy/Boreoeutheria"] = 16000,
["Taxonomy/Brachycera"] = 20000,
["Taxonomy/Brachyura"] = 2000,
["Taxonomy/Bromeliaceae"] = 2300,
["Taxonomy/Buccinoidea"] = 2500,
["Taxonomy/CAM"] = 113000,
["Taxonomy/Caelifera"] = 2200,
["Taxonomy/Caenogastropoda"] = 25000,
["Taxonomy/Caenophidia"] = 4300,
["Taxonomy/Caesalpinioideae"] = 2200,
["Taxonomy/Calyptratae"] = 5600,
["Taxonomy/Campanulids"] = 13000,
["Taxonomy/Carabidae"] = 11000,
["Taxonomy/Caraboidea"] = 12000,
["Taxonomy/Caryophyllales"] = 5600,
["Taxonomy/Cassidinae"] = 3900,
["Taxonomy/Cephalopoda"] = 5000,
["Taxonomy/Cerambycidae"] = 29000,
["Taxonomy/Cerambycinae"] = 6200,
["Taxonomy/Cetruminantia"] = 2200,
["Taxonomy/Chelicerata"] = 27000,
["Taxonomy/Chiroptera"] = 2000,
["Taxonomy/Choanozoa"] = 491000,
["Taxonomy/Chondrichthyes"] = 2700,
["Taxonomy/Chordata"] = 112000,
["Taxonomy/Chrysomelidae"] = 7600,
["Taxonomy/Chrysomeloidea"] = 37000,
["Taxonomy/Cicadomorpha"] = 2700,
["Taxonomy/Cimicomorpha"] = 2200,
["Taxonomy/Clupeocephala"] = 30000,
["Taxonomy/Cnidaria"] = 3800,
["Taxonomy/Coccinellidae"] = 2300,
["Taxonomy/Coccinelloidea"] = 2600,
["Taxonomy/Coelolepida"] = 116000,
["Taxonomy/Coleoptera"] = 82000,
["Taxonomy/Coleopterida"] = 82000,
["Taxonomy/Colubridae"] = 2700,
["Taxonomy/Colubroidea"] = 2700,
["Taxonomy/Colubroides"] = 4300,
["Taxonomy/Commelinids"] = 12000,
["Taxonomy/Conchifera"] = 5200,
["Taxonomy/Condylognatha"] = 11000,
["Taxonomy/Conoidea"] = 7300,
["Taxonomy/Core_eudicots"] = 70000,
["Taxonomy/Cosmopterigidae"] = 2100,
["Taxonomy/Cossoidea"] = 2800,
["Taxonomy/Crambidae"] = 12000,
["Taxonomy/Crambinae"] = 2300,
["Taxonomy/Crocopoda"] = 5400,
["Taxonomy/Ctenosquamata"] = 18000,
["Taxonomy/Cucujiformia"] = 48000,
["Taxonomy/Curculionidae"] = 3200,
["Taxonomy/Curculionoidea"] = 3900,
["Taxonomy/Cyclorrhapha"] = 12000,
["Taxonomy/Cyperaceae"] = 2500,
["Taxonomy/Cypriniformes"] = 5100,
["Taxonomy/Cypriniphysi"] = 5100,
["Taxonomy/Cyprinoidei"] = 3900,
["Taxonomy/Decapoda"] = 4300,
["Taxonomy/Dendrobiinae"] = 2100,
["Taxonomy/Depressariidae"] = 3100,
["Taxonomy/Deuteropoda"] = 306000,
["Taxonomy/Deuterostomia"] = 115000,
["Taxonomy/Diaphoretickes"] = 117000,
["Taxonomy/Diaphoretickes/showdomain"] = 5100,
["Taxonomy/Diapsida"] = 25000,
["Taxonomy/Dicondylia"] = 262000,
["Taxonomy/Dictyoptera"] = 2400,
["Taxonomy/Dikarya"] = 24000,
["Taxonomy/Dinosauria"] = 4300,
["Taxonomy/Dinosauria/skip"] = 19000,
["Taxonomy/Dinosauromorpha"] = 4300,
["Taxonomy/Diptera"] = 24000,
["Taxonomy/Ditrysia"] = 113000,
["Taxonomy/Doryloformicia"] = 2900,
["Taxonomy/Dothideomyceta"] = 9700,
["Taxonomy/Dothideomycetes"] = 2700,
["Taxonomy/Ecdysozoa"] = 309000,
["Taxonomy/Echinodermata"] = 2800,
["Taxonomy/Elasmobranchii"] = 2200,
["Taxonomy/Elateriformia"] = 3800,
["Taxonomy/Elementaves"] = 3100,
["Taxonomy/Elpistostegalia"] = 74000,
["Taxonomy/Embryophytes"] = 110000,
["Taxonomy/Embryophytes/Plantae"] = 110000,
["Taxonomy/Ennominae"] = 2700,
["Taxonomy/Ensifera"] = 2200,
["Taxonomy/Entelegynae"] = 3700,
["Taxonomy/Eotetrapodiformes"] = 74000,
["Taxonomy/Epidendroideae"] = 5500,
["Taxonomy/Erebidae"] = 17000,
["Taxonomy/Eremoneura"] = 12000,
["Taxonomy/Ericales"] = 4200,
["Taxonomy/Euarchontoglires"] = 6300,
["Taxonomy/Eucarida"] = 4400,
["Taxonomy/Eucrocopoda"] = 5200,
["Taxonomy/Eudicots"] = 73000,
["Taxonomy/Eufalconimorphae"] = 11000,
["Taxonomy/Euformicia"] = 3200,
["Taxonomy/Eugnathostomata"] = 110000,
["Taxonomy/Eukaryota"] = 634000,
["Taxonomy/Eukaryota/displayed"] = 6400,
["Taxonomy/Eulepidoptera"] = 114000,
["Taxonomy/Eumalacostraca"] = 6900,
["Taxonomy/Eumetabola"] = 250000,
["Taxonomy/Eumetazoa"] = 489000,
["Taxonomy/Eupasseres"] = 9800,
["Taxonomy/Eupercaria"] = 5700,
["Taxonomy/Euphyllophytes"] = 2000,
["Taxonomy/Eupitheciini"] = 2000,
["Taxonomy/Eupulmonata"] = 6300,
["Taxonomy/Eureptilia"] = 25000,
["Taxonomy/Eurypterygii"] = 18000,
["Taxonomy/Euselachii"] = 2300,
["Taxonomy/Euteleostei"] = 19000,
["Taxonomy/Eutheria"] = 17000,
["Taxonomy/Euthyneura"] = 13000,
["Taxonomy/Euungulata"] = 4100,
["Taxonomy/Fabaceae"] = 6800,
["Taxonomy/Fabales"] = 7100,
["Taxonomy/Fabids"] = 18000,
["Taxonomy/Faboideae"] = 3900,
["Taxonomy/Ferae"] = 2300,
["Taxonomy/Ferungulata"] = 6400,
["Taxonomy/Filozoa"] = 491000,
["Taxonomy/Formicidae"] = 3300,
["Taxonomy/Formicoidea"] = 3300,
["Taxonomy/Fungi"] = 25000,
["Taxonomy/Gamasina"] = 2300,
["Taxonomy/Gastropoda"] = 44000,
["Taxonomy/Gekkonoidea"] = 2200,
["Taxonomy/Gekkonomorpha"] = 2600,
["Taxonomy/Gekkota"] = 2600,
["Taxonomy/Gelechiidae"] = 6100,
["Taxonomy/Gelechiinae"] = 3000,
["Taxonomy/Gelechioidea"] = 19000,
["Taxonomy/Gentianales"] = 5000,
["Taxonomy/Geometridae"] = 11000,
["Taxonomy/Geometroidea"] = 11000,
["Taxonomy/Glires"] = 4600,
["Taxonomy/Gliriformes"] = 4600,
["Taxonomy/Glossata"] = 116000,
["Taxonomy/Gnathostomata"] = 111000,
["Taxonomy/Gracillariidae"] = 2200,
["Taxonomy/Gracillarioidea"] = 2500,
["Taxonomy/Graminid_clade"] = 4100,
["Taxonomy/Halvaria"] = 3000,
["Taxonomy/Helicina_(suborder)"] = 5500,
["Taxonomy/Hemiptera"] = 10000,
["Taxonomy/Hesperiidae"] = 2700,
["Taxonomy/Heterobranchia"] = 13000,
["Taxonomy/Heteroneura"] = 115000,
["Taxonomy/Heteroptera"] = 5100,
["Taxonomy/Hexapoda"] = 265000,
["Taxonomy/Holometabola"] = 238000,
["Taxonomy/Holomycota"] = 25000,
["Taxonomy/Holozoa"] = 491000,
["Taxonomy/Hyloidea"] = 3600,
["Taxonomy/Hymenoptera"] = 14000,
["Taxonomy/Hymenopterida"] = 14000,
["Taxonomy/Iguania"] = 2500,
["Taxonomy/Iguanomorpha"] = 2500,
["Taxonomy/Insecta"] = 263000,
["Taxonomy/Lamiales"] = 6900,
["Taxonomy/Lamiids"] = 14000,
["Taxonomy/Lamiinae"] = 21000,
["Taxonomy/Larentiinae"] = 3700,
["Taxonomy/Laurasiatheria"] = 9200,
["Taxonomy/Lecanoromycetes"] = 4700,
["Taxonomy/Lecanoromycetidae"] = 3200,
["Taxonomy/Leotiomyceta"] = 14000,
["Taxonomy/Lepidoptera"] = 116000,
["Taxonomy/Lepidosauria"] = 15000,
["Taxonomy/Lepidosauromorpha"] = 15000,
["Taxonomy/Life"] = 651000,
["Taxonomy/Linyphiidae"] = 2100,
["Taxonomy/Lissamphibia"] = 9000,
["Taxonomy/Lithosiini"] = 3600,
["Taxonomy/Littorinimorpha"] = 5800,
["Taxonomy/Lophotrochozoa"] = 57000,
["Taxonomy/Lycaenidae"] = 4100,
["Taxonomy/Macroheterocera"] = 43000,
["Taxonomy/Magnoliids"] = 2900,
["Taxonomy/Malacostraca"] = 7100,
["Taxonomy/Malaxideae"] = 2200,
["Taxonomy/Malpighiales"] = 4900,
["Taxonomy/Malvales"] = 2700,
["Taxonomy/Malvids"] = 13000,
["Taxonomy/Mammalia"] = 19000,
["Taxonomy/Mammalia/skip"] = 19000,
["Taxonomy/Mandibulata"] = 277000,
["Taxonomy/Melolonthinae"] = 3000,
["Taxonomy/Meso-Papilionoideae"] = 3800,
["Taxonomy/Mesostigmata"] = 2800,
["Taxonomy/Mollusca"] = 52000,
["Taxonomy/Monocots"] = 27000,
["Taxonomy/Monogynaspida"] = 2500,
["Taxonomy/Multicrustacea"] = 8700,
["Taxonomy/Muricidae"] = 2200,
["Taxonomy/Muricoidea"] = 2200,
["Taxonomy/Muroidea"] = 2600,
["Taxonomy/Muscomorpha"] = 15000,
["Taxonomy/Mygalomorphae"] = 2400,
["Taxonomy/Myoglossata"] = 116000,
["Taxonomy/Myomorpha"] = 2700,
["Taxonomy/Myriapoda"] = 2400,
["Taxonomy/Myrtaceae"] = 3100,
["Taxonomy/Myrtales"] = 4600,
["Taxonomy/Myrtoideae"] = 3100,
["Taxonomy/Nematocera"] = 3300,
["Taxonomy/Neoaves"] = 17000,
["Taxonomy/Neobatrachia"] = 6700,
["Taxonomy/Neocephalopoda"] = 3800,
["Taxonomy/Neodiapsida"] = 24000,
["Taxonomy/Neogastropoda"] = 16000,
["Taxonomy/Neognathae"] = 18000,
["Taxonomy/Neolepidoptera"] = 116000,
["Taxonomy/Neoptera"] = 258000,
["Taxonomy/Neopterygii"] = 32000,
["Taxonomy/Neoreptilia"] = 25000,
["Taxonomy/Neoteleostei"] = 18000,
["Taxonomy/Nephrozoa"] = 484000,
["Taxonomy/Neuropteroidea"] = 83000,
["Taxonomy/Noctuidae"] = 8400,
["Taxonomy/Noctuinae"] = 2800,
["Taxonomy/Noctuoidea"] = 27000,
["Taxonomy/Non-protein_amino_acid-accumulating_clade"] = 2700,
["Taxonomy/Nudibranchia"] = 2700,
["Taxonomy/Nudipleura"] = 2700,
["Taxonomy/Nymphalidae"] = 4300,
["Taxonomy/Obazoa"] = 516000,
["Taxonomy/Obtectomera"] = 73000,
["Taxonomy/Odonata"] = 3100,
["Taxonomy/Odonatoptera"] = 3100,
["Taxonomy/Oestroidea"] = 5000,
["Taxonomy/Olfactores"] = 112000,
["Taxonomy/Ophidia"] = 5200,
["Taxonomy/Opisthokonta"] = 516000,
["Taxonomy/Opisthothelae"] = 18000,
["Taxonomy/Orchidaceae"] = 8100,
["Taxonomy/Orchidoideae"] = 2300,
["Taxonomy/Ornithodira"] = 5000,
["Taxonomy/Ornithurae"] = 19000,
["Taxonomy/Ornithurae/skip"] = 19000,
["Taxonomy/Orthoptera"] = 4400,
["Taxonomy/Ostariophysi"] = 10000,
["Taxonomy/Osteichthyes"] = 108000,
["Taxonomy/Otocephala"] = 11000,
["Taxonomy/Otophysi"] = 10000,
["Taxonomy/Ovalentaria"] = 5000,
["Taxonomy/Palaeoptera"] = 3800,
["Taxonomy/Pan-Carnivora"] = 2200,
["Taxonomy/Pan-Euteleostei"] = 19000,
["Taxonomy/Pan-Euungulata"] = 4100,
["Taxonomy/Panarthropoda"] = 307000,
["Taxonomy/Pancrustacea"] = 274000,
["Taxonomy/Panorpida"] = 141000,
["Taxonomy/Panpulmonata"] = 8600,
["Taxonomy/Pantetrapulmonata"] = 19000,
["Taxonomy/Papilionoidea"] = 13000,
["Taxonomy/ParaHoxozoa"] = 489000,
["Taxonomy/Parapleurota"] = 24000,
["Taxonomy/Parasitiformes"] = 3100,
["Taxonomy/Paraxonia"] = 2900,
["Taxonomy/Passerea"] = 13000,
["Taxonomy/Passeri"] = 7800,
["Taxonomy/Passerida"] = 3500,
["Taxonomy/Passerides"] = 5900,
["Taxonomy/Passeriformes"] = 9800,
["Taxonomy/Pentatomomorpha"] = 2300,
["Taxonomy/Peracarida"] = 2500,
["Taxonomy/Perciformes"] = 2800,
["Taxonomy/Percomorpha"] = 16000,
["Taxonomy/Pezizomycotina"] = 15000,
["Taxonomy/Phycitinae"] = 2600,
["Taxonomy/Phytophaga"] = 41000,
["Taxonomy/Placentalia"] = 17000,
["Taxonomy/Plantae"] = 112000,
["Taxonomy/Planulozoa"] = 3800,
["Taxonomy/Platyhelminthes"] = 2700,
["Taxonomy/Pleocyemata"] = 4100,
["Taxonomy/Poaceae"] = 4100,
["Taxonomy/Poales"] = 9400,
["Taxonomy/Podiata"] = 516000,
["Taxonomy/Polyneoptera"] = 8600,
["Taxonomy/Polyphaga"] = 67000,
["Taxonomy/Polypodiophyta"] = 2000,
["Taxonomy/Polypodiopsida"] = 2000,
["Taxonomy/Polysporangiophytes"] = 108000,
["Taxonomy/Polysporangiophytes/Plantae"] = 108000,
["Taxonomy/Proteales"] = 2000,
["Taxonomy/Protostomia"] = 369000,
["Taxonomy/Pseudomonadati"] = 8000,
["Taxonomy/Pseudomonadota"] = 5000,
["Taxonomy/Psittacopasseres"] = 11000,
["Taxonomy/Pteropliini"] = 2300,
["Taxonomy/Pterygota"] = 262000,
["Taxonomy/Pyralidae"] = 4500,
["Taxonomy/Pyraloidea"] = 16000,
["Taxonomy/Pyramidellidae"] = 2200,
["Taxonomy/Pyramidelloidea"] = 2300,
["Taxonomy/Ranoidea"] = 2900,
["Taxonomy/Reptantia"] = 3400,
["Taxonomy/Reptilia"] = 25000,
["Taxonomy/Reptiliomorpha"] = 64000,
["Taxonomy/Rhabditophora"] = 2700,
["Taxonomy/Rhipidistia"] = 74000,
["Taxonomy/Ringipleura"] = 2700,
["Taxonomy/Rodentia"] = 4400,
["Taxonomy/Romeriida"] = 25000,
["Taxonomy/Rosales"] = 3300,
["Taxonomy/Rosids"] = 31000,
["Taxonomy/Rouphozoa"] = 2800,
["Taxonomy/Rubiaceae"] = 2500,
["Taxonomy/Saccharomyceta"] = 15000,
["Taxonomy/Salientia"] = 7800,
["Taxonomy/Salticidae"] = 2900,
["Taxonomy/Salticinae"] = 2600,
["Taxonomy/Sapindales"] = 3200,
["Taxonomy/Sar"] = 3900,
["Taxonomy/Sarcopterygii"] = 75000,
["Taxonomy/Sauria"] = 23000,
["Taxonomy/Saurischia"] = 2900,
["Taxonomy/Sauropsida"] = 43000,
["Taxonomy/Scarabaeidae"] = 10000,
["Taxonomy/Scarabaeiformia"] = 11000,
["Taxonomy/Scarabaeoidea"] = 11000,
["Taxonomy/Schizophora"] = 12000,
["Taxonomy/Scincidae"] = 2100,
["Taxonomy/Scincomorpha"] = 2400,
["Taxonomy/Scrotifera"] = 8400,
["Taxonomy/Sericinae"] = 3900,
["Taxonomy/Sericini"] = 3600,
["Taxonomy/Serpentes"] = 5200,
["Taxonomy/Setaphyta"] = 2100,
["Taxonomy/Siluriformes"] = 3600,
["Taxonomy/Simplicidentata"] = 4400,
["Taxonomy/Sordariomyceta"] = 4600,
["Taxonomy/Sordariomycetes"] = 2900,
["Taxonomy/Spermatophyta"] = 105000,
["Taxonomy/Spermatophytes/Plantae"] = 105000,
["Taxonomy/Spilomelinae"] = 4300,
["Taxonomy/Spiralia"] = 60000,
["Taxonomy/Squamata"] = 15000,
["Taxonomy/Staphyliniformia"] = 3000,
["Taxonomy/Staphylinoidea"] = 2200,
["Taxonomy/Stegocephali"] = 74000,
["Taxonomy/Stylommatophora"] = 6000,
["Taxonomy/Superasterids"] = 38000,
["Taxonomy/Superrosids"] = 32000,
["Taxonomy/Syrphidae"] = 2100,
["Taxonomy/Syrphoidea"] = 2300,
["Taxonomy/TSAR"] = 4000,
["Taxonomy/Tachinidae"] = 4400,
["Taxonomy/Tectipleura"] = 9800,
["Taxonomy/Teleocephala"] = 30000,
["Taxonomy/Teleostei"] = 32000,
["Taxonomy/Teleosteomorpha"] = 32000,
["Taxonomy/Telluraves"] = 13000,
["Taxonomy/Tenebrionoidea"] = 3400,
["Taxonomy/Tephritidae"] = 3300,
["Taxonomy/Tephritinae"] = 2400,
["Taxonomy/Tephritoidea"] = 4300,
["Taxonomy/Tetrapoda"] = 74000,
["Taxonomy/Tetrapodomorpha"] = 74000,
["Taxonomy/Tetrapulmonata"] = 19000,
["Taxonomy/Theria"] = 18000,
["Taxonomy/Theria/skip"] = 18000,
["Taxonomy/Theropoda/skip"] = 19000,
["Taxonomy/Tortricidae"] = 8500,
["Taxonomy/Tortricinae"] = 5900,
["Taxonomy/Tortricoidea"] = 8500,
["Taxonomy/Toxicofera"] = 8400,
["Taxonomy/Tracheophyta"] = 108000,
["Taxonomy/Tracheophytes/Plantae"] = 108000,
["Taxonomy/Trilobita"] = 2200,
["Taxonomy/Trilobitomorpha"] = 2300,
["Taxonomy/Trochida"] = 2800,
["Taxonomy/Trochoidea"] = 2800,
["Taxonomy/Tyranni"] = 2000,
["Taxonomy/Unicalcarida"] = 14000,
["Taxonomy/Vertebrata"] = 112000,
["Taxonomy/Vetigastropoda"] = 4900,
["Taxonomy/Virus"] = 2900,
["Taxonomy/crown_Formicidae"] = 3200,
["Taxonomy_key"] = 150000,
["Taxonomy_preload"] = 150000,
["Tb"] = 13000,
["Team_roster_navbox"] = 35000,
["Technical"] = 4100,
["Technically_indistinguishable"] = 2500,
["Television_debuts_endings_antonym"] = 7000,
["Television_episode_redirect_handler"] = 24000,
["Television_episode_short_description"] = 13000,
["Template"] = 4700,
["Template-Class"] = 14000,
["TemplateData_header"] = 18000,
["Template_category"] = 36000,
["Template_display"] = 56000,
["Template_for_discussion/dated"] = 24000,
["Template_for_discussion/styles.css"] = 61000,
["Template_for_merging/dated"] = 37000,
["Template_link"] = 7520000,
["Template_link_code"] = 1150000,
["Template_link_code_with_subst"] = 20000,
["Template_link_expanded"] = 2620000,
["Template_link_expanded_with_subst"] = 4900,
["Template_link_general"] = 24000,
["Template_link_interwiki"] = 9000,
["Template_link_null"] = 9200,
["Template_link_universal"] = 12000,
["Template_link_with_alternate_text"] = 2200,
["Template_link_with_link_off"] = 9800,
["Template_link_with_linked_braces"] = 8200,
["Template_link_with_parameters"] = 70000,
["Template_link_with_subst"] = 54000,
["Template_links"] = 2500,
["Template_other"] = 4970000,
["Template_parameter_usage"] = 20000,
["Template_parameter_value"] = 51000,
["Template_rating"] = 2500,
["Template_reference_list"] = 7400,
["Template_sandbox_notice"] = 6400,
["Template_shortcut"] = 6400,
["TennisEventInfo"] = 6800,
["TennisEvents"] = 2200,
["Tennis_events"] = 13000,
["Tennis_icon"] = 2800,
["Tennis_icon2"] = 2800,
["Tennis_record"] = 3000,
["Terminate_sentence"] = 53000,
["Testcases_notice"] = 5100,
["Testcases_other"] = 2000,
["Text_diff"] = 3400,
["Tfd_links"] = 6800,
["Th/abp"] = 115000,
["Thank"] = 2400,
["Thank_you"] = 5400,
["The_edit-summary_field"] = 8900,
["The_edit-summary_field/OOUI"] = 2400,
["Their"] = 15000,
["They"] = 11000,
["They_have"] = 39000,
["Thin_space"] = 28000,
["Thinsp"] = 26000,
["Third-party"] = 6700,
["Thirteen_Colonies_article_name"] = 2100,
["This_is_a_new_user"] = 7000,
["Thursday"] = 2800,
["Tick"] = 81000,
["Ticket_confirmation"] = 3200,
["Time"] = 3000,
["Time_ago"] = 186000,
["Time_signature"] = 3200,
["Time_with_time_zone_link"] = 4300,
["Title_case"] = 5800,
["Title_century"] = 31000,
["Title_country"] = 42000,
["Title_decade"] = 31000,
["Title_demonym"] = 39000,
["Title_disambig_text"] = 250000,
["Title_language"] = 2500,
["Title_monthname"] = 41000,
["Title_number"] = 4400,
["Title_year"] = 263000,
["Title_year+1"] = 13000,
["Title_year-1"] = 2500,
["Title_year2range"] = 7900,
["Title_year2range-1"] = 6300,
["Title_year_range"] = 13000,
["Tl"] = 7230000,
["Tl2"] = 8900,
["Tlc"] = 904000,
["Tld"] = 249000,
["Tlf"] = 9700,
["Tlg"] = 22000,
["Tlit"] = 3200,
["Tlp"] = 70000,
["Tls"] = 52000,
["Tlsc"] = 20000,
["Tlsp"] = 2400,
["Tlu"] = 12000,
["Tlx"] = 2620000,
["Tlxs"] = 3300,
["Tmbox"] = 2400000,
["Tmpv"] = 50000,
["Tn"] = 8200,
["Tnull"] = 9000,
["To"] = 3000,
["To_USD"] = 2400,
["To_USD/CurrencyCheck"] = 2400,
["To_USD/General"] = 2200,
["To_be_announced"] = 7100,
["To_do"] = 7700,
["Toc_right"] = 2100,
["Tocright"] = 7300,
["Todo"] = 2700,
["Tomorrow"] = 7200,
["Tone"] = 7600,
["Tone-cmn"] = 2800,
["Toolbar"] = 349000,
["Toolforge"] = 12000,
["Tooltip"] = 560000,
["Tooltip/styles.css"] = 561000,
["Top-Class"] = 15000,
["Top-importance"] = 15000,
["Top_25_Report"] = 3900,
["Top_25_report"] = 5900,
["Top_icon"] = 84000,
["Totd"] = 4300,
["Totd_nav"] = 5400,
["Tp"] = 2600,
["Tpq"] = 3800,
["Tpr"] = 2900,
["Tps"] = 12000,
["Tpw"] = 3600,
["Tq"] = 170000,
["Tq2"] = 5500,
["Tqb"] = 5200,
["Tqq"] = 7100,
["Tquote"] = 2200,
["Track_gauge"] = 26000,
["Track_listing"] = 123000,
["Tracking_category"] = 5200,
["Tracklist"] = 16000,
["Trademark"] = 7600,
["Trademarked"] = 4200,
["Transclude"] = 18000,
["Transclude_lead_excerpt"] = 3700,
["Transcluded_section"] = 4700,
["Transclusionless"] = 5000,
["Translated"] = 25000,
["Translated_page"] = 113000,
["Translation"] = 20000,
["Translation/Base"] = 2400,
["Translation/Information"] = 2100,
["Translation/Summary"] = 2100,
["Transliteration"] = 68000,
["Tree_chart"] = 8400,
["Tree_chart/end"] = 8400,
["Tree_chart/start"] = 8400,
["Tree_list"] = 24000,
["Tree_list/end"] = 24000,
["Tree_list/styles.css"] = 24000,
["Trim"] = 2970000,
["Trim_%"] = 6700,
["Trim_brackets"] = 3500,
["Trim_leading"] = 2100,
["Trim_quotes"] = 26000,
["Trout"] = 2200,
["Tsh"] = 3200,
["Tsp"] = 2200,
["Tuesday"] = 2800,
["TuttoCalciatori"] = 2200,
["Twitter"] = 16000,
["Two-digit_year"] = 6000,
["TwoLegResult"] = 5800,
["TwoLegStart"] = 4600,
["TwoLeg_start"] = 5800,
["Module:TNT"] = 10000,
["Module:TableTools"] = 9560000,
["Module:Table_empty_cell"] = 33000,
["Module:Taxobox_ranks"] = 655000,
["Module:TaxonItalics"] = 654000,
["Module:TaxonList"] = 27000,
["Module:Taxonbar"] = 502000,
["Module:Taxonbar/candidate"] = 500000,
["Module:Taxonbar/conf"] = 502000,
["Module:Taxonbar/exists"] = 500000,
["Module:Taxonbar/whitelist"] = 502000,
["Module:Team_appearances_list"] = 17000,
["Module:Team_appearances_list/data"] = 17000,
["Module:Team_bracket"] = 55000,
["Module:Team_bracket_tracking"] = 3600,
["Module:Team_roster_navbox"] = 36000,
["Module:Television_episode_redirect_handler"] = 24000,
["Module:Television_episode_short_description"] = 35000,
["Module:Television_infoboxes_disambiguation_check"] = 71000,
["Module:TemplatePar"] = 33000,
["Module:TemplateStyles"] = 597000,
["Module:Template_invocation"] = 3200,
["Module:Template_link_general"] = 3770000,
["Module:Template_parameter_value"] = 12000000,
["Module:Template_redirect_regex"] = 1460000,
["Module:Template_test_case"] = 3300,
["Module:Template_test_case/config"] = 3300,
["Module:Template_test_case/data"] = 3300,
["Module:Template_wrapper"] = 1040000,
["Module:Tennis_events_nav"] = 22000,
["Module:Text"] = 2040000,
["Module:Text/data"] = 53000,
["Module:Tfd_links"] = 6800,
["Module:Time"] = 3400,
["Module:Time/data"] = 3400,
["Module:Time_ago"] = 193000,
["Module:Title_monthname"] = 41000,
["Module:Toolbar"] = 1500000,
["Module:Top_25_report"] = 5900,
["Module:Track_gauge"] = 26000,
["Module:Track_gauge/data"] = 26000,
["Module:Track_listing"] = 123000,
["Module:Track_listing/configuration"] = 123000,
["Module:Track_listing/styles.css"] = 123000,
["Module:Transclusion_count"] = 64000,
["Module:Transclusion_count/data/A"] = 3700,
["Module:Transclusion_count/data/B"] = 2800,
["Module:Transclusion_count/data/C"] = 12000,
["Module:Transclusion_count/data/E"] = 2400,
["Module:Transclusion_count/data/G"] = 2000,
["Module:Transclusion_count/data/I"] = 3300,
["Module:Transclusion_count/data/M"] = 3200,
["Module:Transclusion_count/data/N"] = 2800,
["Module:Transclusion_count/data/P"] = 2900,
["Module:Transclusion_count/data/S"] = 4900,
["Module:Transclusion_count/data/T"] = 2500,
["Module:Transclusion_count/data/U"] = 2600,
["Module:Transclusion_count/data/W"] = 3700,
["Module:Transclusion_count/data/other"] = 2200,
["Module:Tree_chart"] = 8400,
["Module:Tree_chart/data"] = 8400,
["Module:Trim_quotes"] = 68000,
["Module:TwitterSnowflake"] = 48000,
["Module:Type_in_location"] = 137000,
}
2ktiuukoz3zgto1gptjiuvpz6mgt7hn
ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Lua sidebar
10
9777
363596
358513
2026-07-10T08:36:39Z
en>Andrybak
0
categorize only Template namespace
363596
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{Sidebar
| class = lua-sidebar
| templatestyles = Template:Lua sidebar/styles.css
| title = Related pages
| content1 = {{plainlist}}
* [[Template:{{{template|{{{title|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}}}}|Template]] {{#if:{{#invoke:redirect|isRedirect|Template talk:{{{template|{{{title|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}}}}}}||([[Template talk:{{{template|{{{title|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}}}}|talk]])}}
* [[Template:{{{template|{{{title|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}}}}/sandbox|Template sandbox]]
* [[Template:{{{template|{{{title|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}}}}/testcases|Template testcases]]
* [[Template:{{{template|{{{title|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}}}}/doc|Template doc]]
* [[Special:PrefixIndex/Template:{{{template|{{{title|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}}}}/|Template subpages]]
* [[Module:{{{module|{{{title|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}}}}|Module]] {{#if:{{#invoke:redirect|isRedirect|Module talk:{{{module|{{{title|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}}}}}}||([[Module talk:{{{module|{{{title|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}}}}|talk]])}}
* [[Module:{{{module|{{{title|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}}}}/sandbox|Module sandbox]]
* [[Module talk:{{{module|{{{title|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}}}}/testcases|Module testcases]]
* [[Module:{{{module|{{{title|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}}}}/doc|Module doc]]
* [[Special:PrefixIndex/Module:{{{module|{{{title|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}}}}/|Module subpages]]
{{endplainlist}}
| content2 = {{{1|}}}
}}{{Template other|{{Sandbox other|[[Category:Lua-based templates]]}}}}<noinclude>
{{Documentation}}
</noinclude>
gkpb3nqe00ek46qjkucyk98x0yoy9uy
363597
363596
2026-07-30T16:48:42Z
ChiK
1136
೧ revisions imported from [[:en:Template:Lua_sidebar]]
363596
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{Sidebar
| class = lua-sidebar
| templatestyles = Template:Lua sidebar/styles.css
| title = Related pages
| content1 = {{plainlist}}
* [[Template:{{{template|{{{title|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}}}}|Template]] {{#if:{{#invoke:redirect|isRedirect|Template talk:{{{template|{{{title|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}}}}}}||([[Template talk:{{{template|{{{title|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}}}}|talk]])}}
* [[Template:{{{template|{{{title|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}}}}/sandbox|Template sandbox]]
* [[Template:{{{template|{{{title|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}}}}/testcases|Template testcases]]
* [[Template:{{{template|{{{title|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}}}}/doc|Template doc]]
* [[Special:PrefixIndex/Template:{{{template|{{{title|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}}}}/|Template subpages]]
* [[Module:{{{module|{{{title|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}}}}|Module]] {{#if:{{#invoke:redirect|isRedirect|Module talk:{{{module|{{{title|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}}}}}}||([[Module talk:{{{module|{{{title|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}}}}|talk]])}}
* [[Module:{{{module|{{{title|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}}}}/sandbox|Module sandbox]]
* [[Module talk:{{{module|{{{title|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}}}}/testcases|Module testcases]]
* [[Module:{{{module|{{{title|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}}}}/doc|Module doc]]
* [[Special:PrefixIndex/Module:{{{module|{{{title|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}}}}/|Module subpages]]
{{endplainlist}}
| content2 = {{{1|}}}
}}{{Template other|{{Sandbox other|[[Category:Lua-based templates]]}}}}<noinclude>
{{Documentation}}
</noinclude>
gkpb3nqe00ek46qjkucyk98x0yoy9uy
ಮೋಡ್ಯೂಲ್:Transclusion count/data/C
828
10244
363624
361060
2026-07-26T05:10:30Z
en>Ahechtbot
0
[[Wikipedia:BOT|Bot]]: Updated page.
363624
Scribunto
text/plain
return {
["C"] = 796000,
["C-Class"] = 17000,
["C-SPAN"] = 13000,
["C-cmn"] = 2800,
["C-pl"] = 51000,
["C."] = 352000,
["CAN"] = 20000,
["CANelec"] = 18000,
["CANelec/gain"] = 3400,
["CANelec/hold"] = 6600,
["CANelec/source"] = 11000,
["CANelec/top"] = 8700,
["CANelec/total"] = 9300,
["CAS"] = 3800,
["CAS_Registry_Number"] = 3800,
["CBB_Yearly_Record_End"] = 3500,
["CBB_Yearly_Record_Entry"] = 3600,
["CBB_Yearly_Record_Start"] = 3400,
["CBB_Yearly_Record_Subhead"] = 4200,
["CBB_Yearly_Record_Subtotal"] = 3300,
["CBB_roster/Footer"] = 11000,
["CBB_roster/Header"] = 11000,
["CBB_roster/Player"] = 10000,
["CBB_schedule_end"] = 13000,
["CBB_schedule_entry"] = 13000,
["CBB_schedule_start"] = 13000,
["CBB_standings_end"] = 19000,
["CBB_standings_entry"] = 19000,
["CBB_standings_start"] = 19000,
["CBB_yearly_record_end"] = 4700,
["CBB_yearly_record_end/legend"] = 4100,
["CBB_yearly_record_entry"] = 4600,
["CBB_yearly_record_start"] = 4500,
["CBB_yearly_record_subhead"] = 4300,
["CBB_yearly_record_subtotal"] = 4400,
["CBSB_Standings_End"] = 2700,
["CBSB_Standings_Entry"] = 2700,
["CBSB_Standings_Start"] = 2600,
["CBSB_link"] = 4100,
["CBSB_standings_end"] = 5500,
["CBSB_standings_entry"] = 5500,
["CBSB_standings_start"] = 5500,
["CC0"] = 4000,
["CC_BY-SA_2.5"] = 2100,
["CC_BY-SA_2.5,_2.0,_1.0"] = 2100,
["CC_BY-SA_3.0"] = 21000,
["CC_BY-SA_3.0_migrated"] = 19000,
["CC_BY-SA_4.0"] = 13000,
["CC_BY_2.5"] = 2600,
["CC_BY_3.0"] = 7000,
["CFB_Standings_End"] = 16000,
["CFB_Standings_Entry"] = 16000,
["CFB_Standings_Start"] = 16000,
["CFB_Yearly_Record_End"] = 7900,
["CFB_Yearly_Record_End/legend"] = 2900,
["CFB_Yearly_Record_Entry"] = 7900,
["CFB_Yearly_Record_Start"] = 7900,
["CFB_Yearly_Record_Subhead"] = 8000,
["CFB_Yearly_Record_Subtotal"] = 7800,
["CFB_schedule"] = 29000,
["CFB_schedule_entry"] = 22000,
["CFB_standings_end"] = 39000,
["CFB_standings_entry"] = 39000,
["CFB_standings_start"] = 39000,
["CFL_Year"] = 7200,
["CGF_year"] = 3700,
["CGNDB_URL"] = 5400,
["CHE"] = 11000,
["CHI"] = 3300,
["CHL"] = 4200,
["CHN"] = 15000,
["CN"] = 4000,
["CO2"] = 3500,
["COI"] = 14000,
["COIUL"] = 131000,
["COI_editnotice"] = 7800,
["COL"] = 5600,
["COLON"] = 14000,
["CRI"] = 2300,
["CRO"] = 6500,
["CS1_config"] = 15000,
["CSK"] = 2800,
["CSS_image_crop"] = 9300,
["CUB"] = 4200,
["CURRENTDATE"] = 3600,
["CURRENTMINUTE"] = 2500,
["CYP"] = 2200,
["CZE"] = 16000,
["Calendar"] = 2500,
["Calendar/styles.css"] = 2800,
["California/color"] = 12000,
["Call_sign_disambiguation"] = 3100,
["Campaignbox"] = 26000,
["CanProvName"] = 19000,
["CanadaByProvinceCatNav"] = 9500,
["CanadaProvinceThe"] = 4500,
["Canada_NTS_Map_Sheet"] = 2100,
["Canada_by_province_category_navigation"] = 9900,
["Canadian_English"] = 13000,
["Canadian_Parliament_links"] = 5100,
["Canadian_election_result"] = 18000,
["Canadian_election_result/gain"] = 3600,
["Canadian_election_result/hold"] = 6900,
["Canadian_election_result/source"] = 12000,
["Canadian_election_result/top"] = 18000,
["Canadian_election_result/total"] = 14000,
["Canadian_party_colour"] = 11000,
["Canadian_party_colour/colour"] = 23000,
["Canadian_party_colour/colour/default"] = 22000,
["Canadian_party_colour/name"] = 19000,
["Canadian_party_colour/name/default"] = 8200,
["Canadian_province_name"] = 19000,
["Canned_search"] = 8400,
["Cascite"] = 17000,
["Caselaw_source"] = 4800,
["Cassini-Ehess"] = 3100,
["Cast_listing"] = 29000,
["Castlist"] = 5500,
["Cat"] = 462000,
["CatAutoTOC"] = 374000,
["CatRel"] = 4100,
["CatTrack"] = 20000,
["Cat_class"] = 6500,
["Cat_main"] = 149000,
["Cat_more"] = 103000,
["Cat_more_if_exists"] = 29000,
["Cat_see_also"] = 3800,
["Catalog_lookup_link"] = 60000,
["Catalog_of_Fishes"] = 9600,
["Catalogue_of_Life"] = 24000,
["Category"] = 2400,
["Category-Class"] = 14000,
["Category-inline"] = 11000,
["Category_TOC"] = 81000,
["Category_TOC/tracking"] = 81000,
["Category_U.S._State_elections_by_year"] = 7500,
["Category_U.S._State_elections_by_year/core"] = 7500,
["Category_class"] = 25000,
["Category_described_in_year"] = 6400,
["Category_diffuse"] = 11000,
["Category_disambiguation"] = 2700,
["Category_explanation"] = 415000,
["Category_handler"] = 2720000,
["Category_if_exists"] = 84000,
["Category_ifexist"] = 4900,
["Category_importance"] = 8900,
["Category_link"] = 681000,
["Category_link/core"] = 681000,
["Category_link_if_exists"] = 81000,
["Category_link_with_count"] = 9200,
["Category_link_without_namespace"] = 798000,
["Category_links"] = 9900,
["Category_main_article"] = 221000,
["Category_more"] = 143000,
["Category_more_if_exists"] = 49000,
["Category_ordered_by_date"] = 13000,
["Category_other"] = 1110000,
["Category_pair"] = 2100,
["Category_redirect"] = 158000,
["Category_redirect/core"] = 158000,
["Category_see_also"] = 55000,
["Category_see_also/Category_pair_check"] = 55000,
["Category_see_also_if_exists"] = 94000,
["Category_see_also_if_exists_2"] = 101000,
["Category_series_navigation"] = 597000,
["Category_title"] = 2400,
["Catexp"] = 5900,
["CathEncy"] = 2300,
["Catholic"] = 3700,
["Catholic_Encyclopedia"] = 5100,
["Catmain"] = 29000,
["Catmore"] = 9800,
["Catseealso"] = 2300,
["Cbb_link"] = 10000,
["Cbignore"] = 132000,
["Cbsb_link"] = 2500,
["Cc-by-2.5"] = 2600,
["Cc-by-3.0"] = 7000,
["Cc-by-sa-2.5"] = 2100,
["Cc-by-sa-2.5,2.0,1.0"] = 2100,
["Cc-by-sa-3.0"] = 20000,
["Cc-by-sa-3.0-migrated"] = 19000,
["Cc-by-sa-4.0"] = 13000,
["Cc-zero"] = 3800,
["CensusAU"] = 9100,
["Census_2016_AUS"] = 5700,
["Census_2021_AUS"] = 6200,
["Cent"] = 6800,
["Center"] = 299000,
["Centralized_discussion"] = 7200,
["Centralized_discussion/core"] = 7200,
["Centralized_discussion/styles.css"] = 7200,
["Centre"] = 4100,
["Century"] = 16000,
["Century_name_from_decade"] = 2400,
["Century_name_from_decade_or_year"] = 127000,
["Century_name_from_title_decade"] = 7600,
["Century_name_from_title_year"] = 9200,
["Certification_Cite_Ref"] = 38000,
["Certification_Table_Bottom"] = 37000,
["Certification_Table_Entry"] = 39000,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Foot"] = 37000,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Foot/helper"] = 37000,
["Certification_Table_Entry/MexicanAward"] = 2300,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Region"] = 38000,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales"] = 37000,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/AustrianPeriod"] = 2400,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/BelgianPeriod"] = 2400,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/DanishPeriod"] = 4400,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/DanishPeriodHelper1"] = 4400,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/DanishPeriodHelper2"] = 4400,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/FrenchPeriod"] = 2200,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/FrenchPeriodAlbum"] = 2000,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/GermanPeriod"] = 4100,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/ItalianHelper"] = 4500,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/MexicanSales"] = 2200,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/NewZealandPeriod"] = 7800,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/SpanishSinglesPeriod"] = 2800,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/SwedishPeriod"] = 2300,
["Certification_Table_Separator"] = 3300,
["Certification_Table_Top"] = 39000,
["Cfb_link"] = 26000,
["Chart_bottom"] = 4500,
["Chart_top"] = 4500,
["Check_completeness_of_transclusions"] = 64000,
["Check_talk"] = 63000,
["Check_talk_wp"] = 1460000,
["Check_winner_by_scores"] = 16000,
["CheckedSockpuppet"] = 7200,
["Checked_sockpuppet"] = 18000,
["Checkedsockpuppet"] = 5300,
["Checkip"] = 12000,
["Checkuser"] = 89000,
["Checkuserblock-account"] = 43000,
["Chem"] = 6100,
["Chem/atom"] = 6000,
["Chem/link"] = 6100,
["Chem2"] = 11000,
["Chem_molar_mass"] = 22000,
["Chem_molar_mass/format"] = 22000,
["Chembox"] = 16000,
["Chembox/styles.css"] = 16000,
["Chembox_3DMet"] = 15000,
["Chembox_AllOtherNames"] = 14000,
["Chembox_AllOtherNames/format"] = 14000,
["Chembox_Appearance"] = 7200,
["Chembox_BoilingPt"] = 4200,
["Chembox_CASNo"] = 15000,
["Chembox_CASNo/format"] = 15000,
["Chembox_CalcTemperatures"] = 7600,
["Chembox_ChEBI"] = 15000,
["Chembox_ChEBI/format"] = 15000,
["Chembox_ChEMBL"] = 15000,
["Chembox_ChEMBL/format"] = 15000,
["Chembox_ChemSpiderID"] = 15000,
["Chembox_ChemSpiderID/format"] = 15000,
["Chembox_CompTox"] = 15000,
["Chembox_CompTox/format"] = 15000,
["Chembox_Datapage_check"] = 16000,
["Chembox_Density"] = 5700,
["Chembox_DrugBank"] = 15000,
["Chembox_DrugBank/format"] = 15000,
["Chembox_ECHA"] = 8200,
["Chembox_ECNumber"] = 15000,
["Chembox_ECNumber/format"] = 15000,
["Chembox_Elements"] = 15000,
["Chembox_Elements/molecular_formula"] = 21000,
["Chembox_FlashPt"] = 2100,
["Chembox_Footer"] = 15000,
["Chembox_Footer/tracking"] = 16000,
["Chembox_GHS_(set)"] = 4500,
["Chembox_Hazards"] = 13000,
["Chembox_IUPHAR_ligand"] = 15000,
["Chembox_IUPHAR_ligand/format"] = 15000,
["Chembox_Identifiers"] = 15000,
["Chembox_InChI"] = 15000,
["Chembox_InChI/format"] = 15000,
["Chembox_Indexlist"] = 15000,
["Chembox_Jmol"] = 15000,
["Chembox_Jmol/format"] = 15000,
["Chembox_KEGG"] = 15000,
["Chembox_KEGG/format"] = 15000,
["Chembox_MeltingPt"] = 6600,
["Chembox_OtherCpds"] = 2100,
["Chembox_Properties"] = 15000,
["Chembox_PubChem"] = 15000,
["Chembox_PubChem/format"] = 15000,
["Chembox_RTECS"] = 15000,
["Chembox_RTECS/format"] = 15000,
["Chembox_Related"] = 4200,
["Chembox_SMILES"] = 15000,
["Chembox_SMILES/format"] = 15000,
["Chembox_SolubilityInWater"] = 4500,
["Chembox_Structure"] = 2400,
["Chembox_UNII"] = 15000,
["Chembox_UNII/format"] = 15000,
["Chembox_headerbar"] = 16000,
["Chembox_image"] = 14000,
["Chembox_image_cell"] = 14000,
["Chembox_image_sbs"] = 14000,
["Chembox_parametercheck"] = 15000,
["Chembox_setDatarow"] = 5500,
["Chembox_setHeader"] = 5500,
["Chembox_templatePar/formatPreviewMessage"] = 16000,
["Chembox_verification"] = 6900,
["Chemspidercite"] = 11000,
["Chessgames_player"] = 3800,
["Chinese"] = 3600,
["Circa"] = 467000,
["Circular_reference"] = 3900,
["Citation"] = 411000,
["Citation/make_link"] = 7800,
["Citation/styles.css"] = 52000,
["Citation_needed"] = 635000,
["Citation_needed_span"] = 3600,
["Citation_style"] = 4500,
["Cite_AV_media"] = 79000,
["Cite_AV_media_notes"] = 34000,
["Cite_Appletons'"] = 2400,
["Cite_Australian_Dictionary_of_Biography"] = 4900,
["Cite_Box_Office_Mojo"] = 2500,
["Cite_Catholic_Encyclopedia"] = 8600,
["Cite_DCB"] = 3300,
["Cite_DGRBM"] = 2200,
["Cite_DNB"] = 20000,
["Cite_EB1911"] = 26000,
["Cite_FTP"] = 2500,
["Cite_GBIF"] = 4300,
["Cite_GNIS"] = 2400,
["Cite_Gaia_DR3"] = 3100,
["Cite_Google_Maps"] = 20000,
["Cite_Hansard"] = 2700,
["Cite_IUCN"] = 70000,
["Cite_Instagram"] = 7200,
["Cite_Jewish_Encyclopedia"] = 3200,
["Cite_LCDB"] = 2000,
["Cite_Metacritic"] = 2300,
["Cite_NIE"] = 3500,
["Cite_NSW_Parliament"] = 3300,
["Cite_NSW_SHR"] = 2700,
["Cite_NatureServe"] = 2800,
["Cite_ODNB"] = 22000,
["Cite_OED"] = 2500,
["Cite_POWO"] = 6100,
["Cite_Q"] = 17000,
["Cite_QHR"] = 3100,
["Cite_QPN"] = 4100,
["Cite_Rotten_Tomatoes"] = 2900,
["Cite_Rowlett"] = 2500,
["Cite_Russian_law"] = 7800,
["Cite_Ryan"] = 3300,
["Cite_Sports-Reference"] = 55000,
["Cite_USGov"] = 13000,
["Cite_WoRMS"] = 13000,
["Cite_act"] = 3900,
["Cite_arXiv"] = 7100,
["Cite_bcgnis"] = 3700,
["Cite_book"] = 1900000,
["Cite_certification"] = 43000,
["Cite_certification/Title"] = 39000,
["Cite_certification/URL"] = 43000,
["Cite_certification/archivedate"] = 7600,
["Cite_certification/archiveurl"] = 7600,
["Cite_cgndb"] = 5400,
["Cite_comic"] = 2100,
["Cite_conference"] = 22000,
["Cite_court"] = 6800,
["Cite_dictionary"] = 3500,
["Cite_document"] = 2000,
["Cite_encyclopedia"] = 242000,
["Cite_episode"] = 19000,
["Cite_gnis"] = 35000,
["Cite_instagram"] = 3000,
["Cite_interview"] = 11000,
["Cite_iucn"] = 69000,
["Cite_journal"] = 1170000,
["Cite_legislation_UK"] = 3700,
["Cite_magazine"] = 379000,
["Cite_map"] = 60000,
["Cite_news"] = 1920000,
["Cite_newspaper_The_Times"] = 7200,
["Cite_patent"] = 7200,
["Cite_patent/authors"] = 6000,
["Cite_patent/core"] = 7600,
["Cite_peakbagger"] = 5300,
["Cite_podcast"] = 6200,
["Cite_press_release"] = 85000,
["Cite_report"] = 75000,
["Cite_rowlett"] = 2500,
["Cite_ship_register"] = 2000,
["Cite_simbad"] = 5600,
["Cite_sports-reference"] = 60000,
["Cite_taxon"] = 5500,
["Cite_tech_report"] = 3000,
["Cite_thesis"] = 50000,
["Cite_tweet"] = 48000,
["Cite_video"] = 13000,
["Cite_video_game"] = 3400,
["Cite_web"] = 5400000,
["Cite_wikisource"] = 7100,
["Cite_wikisource/make_link"] = 65000,
["Citeweb"] = 3900,
["Civil_navigation"] = 2100,
["Cjersey"] = 3000,
["Cl"] = 216000,
["Clade"] = 10000,
["Clade/styles.css"] = 10000,
["Clarification_needed"] = 2500,
["Clarify"] = 45000,
["Class"] = 39000,
["Class/colour"] = 19000,
["Class/icon"] = 21000,
["Class_mask"] = 457000,
["Classicon"] = 5200,
["Clc"] = 7400,
["Cleanup"] = 8500,
["Cleanup_reorganize"] = 2300,
["Cleanup_rewrite"] = 6900,
["Clear"] = 3750000,
["Clear_left"] = 28000,
["Clear_right"] = 2800,
["Clerk_Request"] = 2500,
["Clerk_note"] = 11000,
["Clerknote"] = 8600,
["Clickable_button"] = 1880000,
["Clickable_button_2"] = 228000,
["Closed_access"] = 5500,
["Closed_peer_review_page"] = 3100,
["Closed_rfc_bottom"] = 2200,
["Closed_rfc_top"] = 2800,
["Clr"] = 3100,
["Club_players_category"] = 9400,
["Clubplayerscat"] = 9400,
["Cmbox"] = 532000,
["Cn"] = 113000,
["Cnote2"] = 2900,
["Cnote2_Begin"] = 2900,
["Cnote2_End"] = 2900,
["Coat_of_arms"] = 2500,
["Cob"] = 15000,
["Code"] = 300000,
["Cof_family"] = 4500,
["Cof_genus"] = 5200,
["Col-1-of-2"] = 2400,
["Col-2"] = 186000,
["Col-2-of-2"] = 2300,
["Col-3"] = 11000,
["Col-4"] = 3800,
["Col-begin"] = 231000,
["Col-begin/styles.css"] = 231000,
["Col-break"] = 229000,
["Col-end"] = 230000,
["Col-float"] = 4900,
["Col-float-break"] = 4700,
["Col-float-end"] = 4800,
["Col-float/styles.css"] = 4900,
["Col-start"] = 10000,
["Col_div"] = 2200,
["Colbegin"] = 24000,
["Colend"] = 27000,
["Collapse"] = 8800,
["Collapse_bottom"] = 56000,
["Collapse_top"] = 56000,
["Collapse_top/styles.css"] = 56000,
["Collapsebottom"] = 4100,
["Collapsed_infobox_section_begin"] = 4400,
["Collapsed_infobox_section_begin/cont"] = 4400,
["Collapsed_infobox_section_begin/styles.css"] = 4400,
["Collapsed_infobox_section_end"] = 4400,
["Collapsetop"] = 4100,
["Collapsible_list"] = 68000,
["Collapsible_option"] = 151000,
["Colledge:_Ships_RN"] = 3000,
["College"] = 12000,
["CollegePrimaryHeader"] = 8200,
["CollegePrimaryStyle"] = 111000,
["CollegeSecondaryStyle"] = 11000,
["College_Athlete_Recruit_End"] = 2800,
["College_Athlete_Recruit_Entry"] = 2900,
["College_Athlete_Recruit_Start"] = 2900,
["College_athlete_recruit_end"] = 4900,
["College_athlete_recruit_entry"] = 5100,
["College_athlete_recruit_start"] = 5100,
["College_color_list"] = 4400,
["College_sports_team_link"] = 31000,
["Colon"] = 20000,
["Color"] = 504000,
["Color/styles.css"] = 504000,
["Color_box"] = 86000,
["Colorbox"] = 2500,
["Colorbull"] = 4600,
["Colored_link"] = 105000,
["Coloredlink"] = 2700,
["Colors"] = 3600,
["Colour"] = 5500,
["Colour_box"] = 2500,
["Coloured_link"] = 12000,
["Column"] = 4300,
["Column/styles.css"] = 4300,
["Columns-end"] = 4000,
["Columns-list"] = 125000,
["Columns-start"] = 4000,
["Comic_Book_DB"] = 3500,
["Comicbookdb"] = 3400,
["Comics-replaceability"] = 2700,
["Comics_infobox_sec/formcat"] = 3400,
["Comics_infobox_sec/genre"] = 4200,
["Comics_infobox_sec/genrecat"] = 3800,
["Comics_infobox_sec/styles.css"] = 8100,
["Comma_separated_entries"] = 521000,
["Comment"] = 7500,
["Committed_identity"] = 3200,
["Committed_identity/styles.css"] = 3200,
["Commons"] = 73000,
["Commons-inline"] = 25000,
["Commons_cat"] = 45000,
["Commons_category"] = 903000,
["Commons_category-inline"] = 177000,
["Commons_category_inline"] = 5700,
["Commonscat"] = 60000,
["Commonscat-inline"] = 15000,
["Commonscat_inline"] = 2200,
["Commonscatinline"] = 7300,
["Compact_TOC"] = 7300,
["Compact_ToC"] = 3200,
["Compose_molecular_formula"] = 2300,
["Composition_bar"] = 13000,
["Confirmed"] = 20000,
["Confused"] = 3200,
["Confusing"] = 2400,
["CongBio"] = 9400,
["CongLinks"] = 4800,
["Connected_contributor"] = 21000,
["Connected_contributor_(paid)"] = 9900,
["Constellation_navbox"] = 9900,
["Container"] = 14000,
["Container_cat"] = 9100,
["Container_category"] = 87000,
["Containercat"] = 2800,
["Contains_special_characters"] = 5200,
["Contains_special_characters/core"] = 5200,
["Contains_special_characters/styles.css"] = 5200,
["Content_category"] = 7900,
["Contentious_topics/Additional_restrictions.json"] = 21000,
["Contentious_topics/Arab-Israeli_editnotice"] = 6900,
["Contentious_topics/Arab-Israeli_talk_notice"] = 6100,
["Contentious_topics/Category_database.json"] = 21000,
["Contentious_topics/Restrictions_definition.json"] = 21000,
["Contentious_topics/Standard_set.json"] = 21000,
["Contentious_topics/list"] = 29000,
["Contentious_topics/page_restriction_editnotice_base"] = 7300,
["Contentious_topics/page_restriction_talk_notice"] = 2700,
["Contentious_topics/talk_notice"] = 21000,
["Context"] = 2600,
["Continent2continental"] = 45000,
["Continent_adjective_to_noun"] = 10000,
["Continental2continent"] = 22000,
["Controversial"] = 3000,
["Convert"] = 1410000,
["Convert_abbreviated"] = 169000,
["Convinfobox"] = 307000,
["Coord"] = 1400000,
["Coord_missing"] = 70000,
["Coord_missing/CheckCat"] = 70000,
["Coords"] = 6800,
["Copied"] = 22000,
["Copy_edit"] = 2100,
["Copy_to_Commons"] = 2100,
["Copy_to_Wikimedia_Commons"] = 85000,
["Copy_to_Wikimedia_Commons_in"] = 4200,
["Copyvios"] = 4900,
["Cospar"] = 2800,
["Cot"] = 14000,
["Count"] = 975000,
["Country2continent"] = 89000,
["Country2continental"] = 31000,
["Country2nationality"] = 35000,
["CountryPrefixThe"] = 82000,
["Country_abbreviation"] = 94000,
["Country_alias"] = 17000,
["Country_at_games_navbox"] = 5800,
["Country_at_games_navbox/below"] = 5800,
["Country_data"] = 12000,
["Country_data_AFG"] = 2600,
["Country_data_ALB"] = 7200,
["Country_data_ALG"] = 11000,
["Country_data_AND"] = 3600,
["Country_data_ANG"] = 4400,
["Country_data_ARG"] = 53000,
["Country_data_ARM"] = 8300,
["Country_data_AUS"] = 88000,
["Country_data_AUT"] = 52000,
["Country_data_AZE"] = 11000,
["Country_data_Afghanistan"] = 21000,
["Country_data_Alabama"] = 2600,
["Country_data_Alaska"] = 2100,
["Country_data_Albania"] = 35000,
["Country_data_Alberta"] = 3300,
["Country_data_Algeria"] = 47000,
["Country_data_American_Samoa"] = 2900,
["Country_data_Andorra"] = 9300,
["Country_data_Angola"] = 21000,
["Country_data_Anguilla"] = 2400,
["Country_data_Antigua_and_Barbuda"] = 6400,
["Country_data_Apulia"] = 7900,
["Country_data_Argentina"] = 150000,
["Country_data_Arizona"] = 2500,
["Country_data_Arkansas"] = 2800,
["Country_data_Armenia"] = 45000,
["Country_data_Aruba"] = 4000,
["Country_data_Australia"] = 273000,
["Country_data_Austria"] = 143000,
["Country_data_Austria-Hungary"] = 2300,
["Country_data_Azerbaijan"] = 50000,
["Country_data_BAH"] = 4600,
["Country_data_BAN"] = 4500,
["Country_data_BAR"] = 2700,
["Country_data_BDI"] = 2000,
["Country_data_BEL"] = 60000,
["Country_data_BEN"] = 2000,
["Country_data_BER"] = 2500,
["Country_data_BFA"] = 2000,
["Country_data_BHR"] = 5800,
["Country_data_BIH"] = 14000,
["Country_data_BLR"] = 26000,
["Country_data_BOL"] = 6600,
["Country_data_BOT"] = 3100,
["Country_data_BRA"] = 65000,
["Country_data_BUL"] = 31000,
["Country_data_Bahamas"] = 11000,
["Country_data_Bahrain"] = 21000,
["Country_data_Bangladesh"] = 34000,
["Country_data_Barbados"] = 8700,
["Country_data_Belarus"] = 89000,
["Country_data_Belgium"] = 155000,
["Country_data_Belize"] = 5100,
["Country_data_Benin"] = 8000,
["Country_data_Bermuda"] = 6400,
["Country_data_Bhutan"] = 4900,
["Country_data_Bolivia"] = 24000,
["Country_data_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina"] = 52000,
["Country_data_Botswana"] = 10000,
["Country_data_Brazil"] = 168000,
["Country_data_British_Columbia"] = 3700,
["Country_data_British_Empire"] = 2000,
["Country_data_British_Raj"] = 2500,
["Country_data_British_Virgin_Islands"] = 3300,
["Country_data_Brunei"] = 6900,
["Country_data_Bulgaria"] = 100000,
["Country_data_Burkina_Faso"] = 11000,
["Country_data_Burma"] = 2300,
["Country_data_Burundi"] = 6800,
["Country_data_CAM"] = 2500,
["Country_data_CAN"] = 69000,
["Country_data_CGO"] = 2500,
["Country_data_CHE"] = 5900,
["Country_data_CHI"] = 20000,
["Country_data_CHL"] = 2300,
["Country_data_CHN"] = 49000,
["Country_data_CIV"] = 8600,
["Country_data_CMR"] = 8800,
["Country_data_COD"] = 3500,
["Country_data_COL"] = 28000,
["Country_data_CPV"] = 2300,
["Country_data_CRC"] = 7000,
["Country_data_CRO"] = 37000,
["Country_data_CUB"] = 13000,
["Country_data_CYP"] = 10000,
["Country_data_CZE"] = 54000,
["Country_data_California"] = 6200,
["Country_data_Cambodia"] = 9900,
["Country_data_Cameroon"] = 31000,
["Country_data_Canada"] = 260000,
["Country_data_Cape_Verde"] = 7000,
["Country_data_Castile_and_León"] = 2000,
["Country_data_Catalonia"] = 3400,
["Country_data_Cayman_Islands"] = 4600,
["Country_data_Central_African_Republic"] = 5100,
["Country_data_Chad"] = 5400,
["Country_data_Chile"] = 89000,
["Country_data_China"] = 148000,
["Country_data_Chinese_Taipei"] = 38000,
["Country_data_Colombia"] = 94000,
["Country_data_Colorado"] = 5300,
["Country_data_Commonwealth_of_Independent_States"] = 2200,
["Country_data_Comoros"] = 4700,
["Country_data_Confederate_States_of_America"] = 3100,
["Country_data_Connecticut"] = 3400,
["Country_data_Cook_Islands"] = 3900,
["Country_data_Costa_Rica"] = 32000,
["Country_data_Croatia"] = 103000,
["Country_data_Cuba"] = 45000,
["Country_data_Curaçao"] = 4400,
["Country_data_Cyprus"] = 45000,
["Country_data_Czech_Republic"] = 150000,
["Country_data_Czechoslovakia"] = 34000,
["Country_data_DEN"] = 40000,
["Country_data_DEU"] = 11000,
["Country_data_DNK"] = 4400,
["Country_data_DOM"] = 8300,
["Country_data_DRC"] = 2100,
["Country_data_Delaware"] = 2700,
["Country_data_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo"] = 22000,
["Country_data_Denmark"] = 120000,
["Country_data_Djibouti"] = 5000,
["Country_data_Dominica"] = 4200,
["Country_data_Dominican_Republic"] = 34000,
["Country_data_ECU"] = 13000,
["Country_data_EGY"] = 16000,
["Country_data_ENG"] = 52000,
["Country_data_ESA"] = 2500,
["Country_data_ESP"] = 84000,
["Country_data_EST"] = 17000,
["Country_data_ETH"] = 4600,
["Country_data_EU"] = 2600,
["Country_data_East_Germany"] = 28000,
["Country_data_Ecuador"] = 48000,
["Country_data_Egypt"] = 65000,
["Country_data_El_Salvador"] = 22000,
["Country_data_Empire_of_Japan"] = 4400,
["Country_data_England"] = 161000,
["Country_data_Equatorial_Guinea"] = 5500,
["Country_data_Eritrea"] = 5500,
["Country_data_Estonia"] = 68000,
["Country_data_Eswatini"] = 5000,
["Country_data_Ethiopia"] = 21000,
["Country_data_Europe"] = 2800,
["Country_data_European_Union"] = 8100,
["Country_data_FIJ"] = 4500,
["Country_data_FIN"] = 40000,
["Country_data_FRA"] = 115000,
["Country_data_FRG"] = 18000,
["Country_data_FRO"] = 2200,
["Country_data_FR_Yugoslavia"] = 4400,
["Country_data_Faroe_Islands"] = 5700,
["Country_data_Federated_States_of_Micronesia"] = 2700,
["Country_data_Fiji"] = 21000,
["Country_data_Finland"] = 112000,
["Country_data_Florida"] = 5800,
["Country_data_France"] = 320000,
["Country_data_French_Polynesia"] = 3900,
["Country_data_GAB"] = 2500,
["Country_data_GAM"] = 2300,
["Country_data_GBR"] = 67000,
["Country_data_GDR"] = 11000,
["Country_data_GEO"] = 16000,
["Country_data_GER"] = 95000,
["Country_data_GHA"] = 10000,
["Country_data_GIB"] = 2100,
["Country_data_GRE"] = 29000,
["Country_data_GUA"] = 5400,
["Country_data_GUI"] = 3400,
["Country_data_GUY"] = 2500,
["Country_data_Gabon"] = 8100,
["Country_data_Gambia"] = 7600,
["Country_data_Georgia"] = 8600,
["Country_data_Georgia_(U.S._state)"] = 3200,
["Country_data_Georgia_(country)"] = 53000,
["Country_data_German_Empire"] = 5700,
["Country_data_Germany"] = 290000,
["Country_data_Ghana"] = 45000,
["Country_data_Gibraltar"] = 5200,
["Country_data_Great_Britain"] = 126000,
["Country_data_Greece"] = 104000,
["Country_data_Greenland"] = 2800,
["Country_data_Grenada"] = 5700,
["Country_data_Guadeloupe"] = 2800,
["Country_data_Guam"] = 4600,
["Country_data_Guatemala"] = 22000,
["Country_data_Guinea"] = 9400,
["Country_data_Guinea-Bissau"] = 5500,
["Country_data_Guyana"] = 7700,
["Country_data_HAI"] = 3300,
["Country_data_HKG"] = 15000,
["Country_data_HON"] = 4400,
["Country_data_HUN"] = 44000,
["Country_data_Haiti"] = 9700,
["Country_data_Hawaii"] = 2200,
["Country_data_Honduras"] = 21000,
["Country_data_Hong_Kong"] = 50000,
["Country_data_Hungary"] = 114000,
["Country_data_IDN"] = 5700,
["Country_data_INA"] = 12000,
["Country_data_IND"] = 34000,
["Country_data_IRE"] = 12000,
["Country_data_IRI"] = 6700,
["Country_data_IRL"] = 24000,
["Country_data_IRN"] = 7300,
["Country_data_IRQ"] = 4800,
["Country_data_ISL"] = 9200,
["Country_data_ISR"] = 23000,
["Country_data_ITA"] = 102000,
["Country_data_Iceland"] = 46000,
["Country_data_Idaho"] = 2200,
["Country_data_Illinois"] = 4400,
["Country_data_India"] = 257000,
["Country_data_Indiana"] = 3300,
["Country_data_Indonesia"] = 71000,
["Country_data_Iowa"] = 2400,
["Country_data_Iran"] = 159000,
["Country_data_Iraq"] = 23000,
["Country_data_Ireland"] = 66000,
["Country_data_Isle_of_Man"] = 2800,
["Country_data_Israel"] = 92000,
["Country_data_Italy"] = 285000,
["Country_data_Ivory_Coast"] = 32000,
["Country_data_JAM"] = 12000,
["Country_data_JAP"] = 2200,
["Country_data_JOR"] = 4800,
["Country_data_JP"] = 8700,
["Country_data_JPN"] = 69000,
["Country_data_Jamaica"] = 44000,
["Country_data_Japan"] = 262000,
["Country_data_Jersey"] = 2500,
["Country_data_Jordan"] = 22000,
["Country_data_KAZ"] = 24000,
["Country_data_KEN"] = 10000,
["Country_data_KGZ"] = 4500,
["Country_data_KOR"] = 35000,
["Country_data_KOS"] = 3100,
["Country_data_KSA"] = 7500,
["Country_data_KUW"] = 4600,
["Country_data_Kazakhstan"] = 67000,
["Country_data_Kentucky"] = 2000,
["Country_data_Kenya"] = 35000,
["Country_data_Kingdom_of_France"] = 2200,
["Country_data_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain"] = 4600,
["Country_data_Kingdom_of_Italy"] = 4800,
["Country_data_Kiribati"] = 2600,
["Country_data_Kosovo"] = 10000,
["Country_data_Kuwait"] = 20000,
["Country_data_Kyrgyzstan"] = 11000,
["Country_data_LAO"] = 2200,
["Country_data_LAT"] = 17000,
["Country_data_LBN"] = 2900,
["Country_data_LBR"] = 2000,
["Country_data_LIB"] = 2600,
["Country_data_LIE"] = 3800,
["Country_data_LIT"] = 3700,
["Country_data_LTU"] = 14000,
["Country_data_LUX"] = 12000,
["Country_data_LVA"] = 3000,
["Country_data_Laos"] = 8000,
["Country_data_Latvia"] = 54000,
["Country_data_Lebanon"] = 23000,
["Country_data_Lesotho"] = 5400,
["Country_data_Liberia"] = 7900,
["Country_data_Libya"] = 9100,
["Country_data_Liechtenstein"] = 8900,
["Country_data_Lithuania"] = 53000,
["Country_data_Louisiana"] = 2300,
["Country_data_Luxembourg"] = 47000,
["Country_data_MAC"] = 3000,
["Country_data_MAD"] = 2400,
["Country_data_MAR"] = 15000,
["Country_data_MAS"] = 13000,
["Country_data_MDA"] = 8800,
["Country_data_MEX"] = 35000,
["Country_data_MGL"] = 3500,
["Country_data_MKD"] = 8500,
["Country_data_MLI"] = 4600,
["Country_data_MLT"] = 6400,
["Country_data_MNE"] = 8600,
["Country_data_MON"] = 4700,
["Country_data_MOZ"] = 2600,
["Country_data_MRI"] = 2200,
["Country_data_MYA"] = 3400,
["Country_data_MYS"] = 4200,
["Country_data_Macau"] = 6900,
["Country_data_Macedonia"] = 4700,
["Country_data_Madagascar"] = 9600,
["Country_data_Malawi"] = 6100,
["Country_data_Malaysia"] = 70000,
["Country_data_Maldives"] = 6700,
["Country_data_Mali"] = 21000,
["Country_data_Malta"] = 31000,
["Country_data_Manitoba"] = 3000,
["Country_data_Marshall_Islands"] = 3400,
["Country_data_Martinique"] = 2800,
["Country_data_Maryland"] = 3300,
["Country_data_Massachusetts"] = 2600,
["Country_data_Mauritania"] = 6000,
["Country_data_Mauritius"] = 8400,
["Country_data_Mexico"] = 113000,
["Country_data_Michigan"] = 3800,
["Country_data_Minas_Gerais"] = 2100,
["Country_data_Minnesota"] = 3700,
["Country_data_Missouri"] = 2500,
["Country_data_Moldova"] = 33000,
["Country_data_Monaco"] = 12000,
["Country_data_Mongolia"] = 11000,
["Country_data_Montana"] = 2400,
["Country_data_Montenegro"] = 33000,
["Country_data_Montserrat"] = 2400,
["Country_data_Morocco"] = 50000,
["Country_data_Mozambique"] = 7900,
["Country_data_Myanmar"] = 23000,
["Country_data_NAM"] = 4000,
["Country_data_NED"] = 72000,
["Country_data_NEP"] = 3300,
["Country_data_NGA"] = 8600,
["Country_data_NGR"] = 9200,
["Country_data_NIR"] = 11000,
["Country_data_NLD"] = 7400,
["Country_data_NOR"] = 35000,
["Country_data_NZ"] = 3700,
["Country_data_NZL"] = 38000,
["Country_data_Namibia"] = 11000,
["Country_data_Nauru"] = 2600,
["Country_data_Nazi_Germany"] = 10000,
["Country_data_Nepal"] = 31000,
["Country_data_Netherlands"] = 260000,
["Country_data_Netherlands_Antilles"] = 2400,
["Country_data_Nevada"] = 2100,
["Country_data_New_Brunswick"] = 2600,
["Country_data_New_Caledonia"] = 3300,
["Country_data_New_Hampshire"] = 2000,
["Country_data_New_Jersey"] = 4200,
["Country_data_New_South_Wales"] = 6400,
["Country_data_New_York"] = 4300,
["Country_data_New_York_(state)"] = 6800,
["Country_data_New_Zealand"] = 118000,
["Country_data_Newfoundland_and_Labrador"] = 2800,
["Country_data_Nicaragua"] = 9000,
["Country_data_Niger"] = 6200,
["Country_data_Nigeria"] = 65000,
["Country_data_North_Carolina"] = 3500,
["Country_data_North_Korea"] = 23000,
["Country_data_North_Macedonia"] = 33000,
["Country_data_Northern_Ireland"] = 27000,
["Country_data_Northern_Mariana_Islands"] = 2800,
["Country_data_Norway"] = 116000,
["Country_data_Nova_Scotia"] = 2800,
["Country_data_OMA"] = 3300,
["Country_data_Ohio"] = 5800,
["Country_data_Oklahoma"] = 2500,
["Country_data_Oman"] = 10000,
["Country_data_Ontario"] = 3900,
["Country_data_Ottoman_Empire"] = 3200,
["Country_data_PAK"] = 9000,
["Country_data_PAN"] = 5900,
["Country_data_PAR"] = 11000,
["Country_data_PER"] = 14000,
["Country_data_PHI"] = 13000,
["Country_data_PLE"] = 2000,
["Country_data_PNG"] = 3200,
["Country_data_POL"] = 60000,
["Country_data_POR"] = 37000,
["Country_data_PRK"] = 5000,
["Country_data_PRT"] = 3600,
["Country_data_PUR"] = 8000,
["Country_data_Pakistan"] = 51000,
["Country_data_Palau"] = 2600,
["Country_data_Palestine"] = 7700,
["Country_data_Panama"] = 29000,
["Country_data_Papua_New_Guinea"] = 8400,
["Country_data_Paraguay"] = 44000,
["Country_data_Pennsylvania"] = 3600,
["Country_data_Peru"] = 64000,
["Country_data_Philippines"] = 67000,
["Country_data_Poland"] = 240000,
["Country_data_Portugal"] = 116000,
["Country_data_Prussia"] = 2800,
["Country_data_Puerto_Rico"] = 34000,
["Country_data_QAT"] = 9500,
["Country_data_Qatar"] = 32000,
["Country_data_Quebec"] = 4400,
["Country_data_Queensland"] = 2300,
["Country_data_ROM"] = 15000,
["Country_data_ROU"] = 31000,
["Country_data_RSA"] = 36000,
["Country_data_RUS"] = 68000,
["Country_data_RWA"] = 2500,
["Country_data_Republic_of_China"] = 4600,
["Country_data_Republic_of_Ireland"] = 54000,
["Country_data_Republic_of_the_Congo"] = 8200,
["Country_data_Romania"] = 113000,
["Country_data_Russia"] = 253000,
["Country_data_Russian_Empire"] = 5600,
["Country_data_Rwanda"] = 8400,
["Country_data_SAM"] = 3700,
["Country_data_SCG"] = 3000,
["Country_data_SCO"] = 29000,
["Country_data_SEN"] = 8500,
["Country_data_SER"] = 3700,
["Country_data_SGP"] = 4400,
["Country_data_SIN"] = 7400,
["Country_data_SLE"] = 2000,
["Country_data_SLO"] = 22000,
["Country_data_SLV"] = 3200,
["Country_data_SMR"] = 3500,
["Country_data_SPA"] = 5500,
["Country_data_SRB"] = 30000,
["Country_data_SRI"] = 5200,
["Country_data_SUI"] = 50000,
["Country_data_SUR"] = 2300,
["Country_data_SVK"] = 32000,
["Country_data_SVN"] = 7300,
["Country_data_SWE"] = 65000,
["Country_data_SWI"] = 5100,
["Country_data_SYR"] = 3900,
["Country_data_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis"] = 4900,
["Country_data_Saint_Lucia"] = 5200,
["Country_data_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines"] = 5000,
["Country_data_Samoa"] = 8000,
["Country_data_San_Marino"] = 9600,
["Country_data_Saskatchewan"] = 4000,
["Country_data_Saudi_Arabia"] = 37000,
["Country_data_Scotland"] = 100000,
["Country_data_Senegal"] = 30000,
["Country_data_Serbia"] = 103000,
["Country_data_Serbia_and_Montenegro"] = 5400,
["Country_data_Seychelles"] = 5700,
["Country_data_Sierra_Leone"] = 7600,
["Country_data_Singapore"] = 49000,
["Country_data_Slovakia"] = 94000,
["Country_data_Slovenia"] = 89000,
["Country_data_Solomon_Islands"] = 4700,
["Country_data_Somalia"] = 6300,
["Country_data_South_Africa"] = 120000,
["Country_data_South_Australia"] = 2300,
["Country_data_South_Carolina"] = 3100,
["Country_data_South_Korea"] = 115000,
["Country_data_South_Sudan"] = 4800,
["Country_data_Soviet_Union"] = 76000,
["Country_data_Spain"] = 275000,
["Country_data_Sri_Lanka"] = 35000,
["Country_data_Sudan"] = 8600,
["Country_data_Suriname"] = 6800,
["Country_data_Sweden"] = 165000,
["Country_data_Switzerland"] = 148000,
["Country_data_Syria"] = 21000,
["Country_data_São_Tomé_and_Príncipe"] = 3300,
["Country_data_TAN"] = 3400,
["Country_data_TCH"] = 12000,
["Country_data_THA"] = 25000,
["Country_data_TJK"] = 2900,
["Country_data_TKM"] = 3100,
["Country_data_TOG"] = 2100,
["Country_data_TON"] = 2000,
["Country_data_TPE"] = 19000,
["Country_data_TRI"] = 5100,
["Country_data_TTO"] = 2100,
["Country_data_TUN"] = 12000,
["Country_data_TUR"] = 33000,
["Country_data_TWN"] = 2200,
["Country_data_Taiwan"] = 27000,
["Country_data_Tajikistan"] = 9700,
["Country_data_Tanzania"] = 22000,
["Country_data_Tennessee"] = 2200,
["Country_data_Texas"] = 5700,
["Country_data_Thailand"] = 94000,
["Country_data_Timor-Leste"] = 5000,
["Country_data_Togo"] = 7600,
["Country_data_Tonga"] = 6700,
["Country_data_Trinidad_and_Tobago"] = 24000,
["Country_data_Tunisia"] = 45000,
["Country_data_Turkey"] = 138000,
["Country_data_Turkmenistan"] = 8400,
["Country_data_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands"] = 2800,
["Country_data_Tuvalu"] = 2600,
["Country_data_U.S."] = 2000,
["Country_data_U.S._Virgin_Islands"] = 4900,
["Country_data_UAE"] = 11000,
["Country_data_UGA"] = 5200,
["Country_data_UK"] = 18000,
["Country_data_UKGBI"] = 3500,
["Country_data_UKR"] = 44000,
["Country_data_URS"] = 19000,
["Country_data_URU"] = 16000,
["Country_data_US"] = 5600,
["Country_data_USA"] = 150000,
["Country_data_USSR"] = 5400,
["Country_data_UZB"] = 14000,
["Country_data_Uganda"] = 22000,
["Country_data_Ukraine"] = 117000,
["Country_data_United_Arab_Emirates"] = 38000,
["Country_data_United_Kingdom"] = 157000,
["Country_data_United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland"] = 4900,
["Country_data_United_Nations"] = 4400,
["Country_data_United_States"] = 433000,
["Country_data_United_States_of_America"] = 4500,
["Country_data_Uruguay"] = 52000,
["Country_data_Uzbekistan"] = 36000,
["Country_data_VEN"] = 18000,
["Country_data_VIE"] = 7300,
["Country_data_Vanuatu"] = 5100,
["Country_data_Vatican_City"] = 2900,
["Country_data_Venezuela"] = 65000,
["Country_data_Victoria"] = 2400,
["Country_data_Vietnam"] = 46000,
["Country_data_Virginia"] = 3100,
["Country_data_WAL"] = 19000,
["Country_data_Wales"] = 67000,
["Country_data_Washington"] = 2700,
["Country_data_Washington,_D.C."] = 2200,
["Country_data_Washington_(state)"] = 3400,
["Country_data_West_Germany"] = 52000,
["Country_data_West_Indies"] = 2800,
["Country_data_Wisconsin"] = 5600,
["Country_data_Wyoming"] = 2100,
["Country_data_YUG"] = 11000,
["Country_data_Yemen"] = 8000,
["Country_data_Yugoslavia"] = 33000,
["Country_data_ZAF"] = 5400,
["Country_data_ZAM"] = 3800,
["Country_data_ZIM"] = 9200,
["Country_data_Zambia"] = 11000,
["Country_data_Zimbabwe"] = 32000,
["Country_data_none"] = 2100,
["Country_flagbio"] = 39000,
["Country_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest"] = 2800,
["Country_name"] = 58000,
["Country_prefix_the"] = 176000,
["Country_showdata"] = 7000,
["Country_topics"] = 25000,
["County"] = 7000,
["County_(judet)_of_Romania"] = 3300,
["Course_assignment"] = 4200,
["Course_details"] = 8400,
["Course_instructor"] = 3100,
["Cquote"] = 37000,
["Cr"] = 5000,
["Cr-rt"] = 2400,
["Create_taxonomy/link"] = 150000,
["Creative_Commons_text_attribution_notice"] = 6300,
["Cref2"] = 2900,
["Cricinfo"] = 24000,
["Cricket_squad2_player"] = 2700,
["Cricketarchive"] = 3000,
["Croatian_Census_2021"] = 4200,
["Cross"] = 4000,
["Crossreference"] = 2600,
["Crossreference/styles.css"] = 2600,
["Cs1_config"] = 13000,
["Cslist"] = 3700,
["Cslist/styles.css"] = 3700,
["Csv"] = 75000,
["Currency"] = 5400,
["Current_events"] = 9400,
["Current_events/styles.css"] = 9400,
["Currentdate"] = 24000,
["Cvt"] = 169000,
["Cycling_Archives"] = 4300,
["Cycling_data_DAT"] = 2000,
["Cycling_data_LTD"] = 2400,
["Cycling_data_MOV_men"] = 2300,
["Cycling_data_SOQ"] = 2200,
["Cycling_data_TVL"] = 2400,
["Cycling_data_UEX"] = 2300,
["Cycling_team_link"] = 14000,
["Module:CFB_schedule"] = 29000,
["Module:CS1_identifiers"] = 506000,
["Module:CallAssert"] = 122000,
["Module:Canada_NTS"] = 2100,
["Module:Canada_NTS/data"] = 2100,
["Module:Canada_by_province_category_navigation"] = 9900,
["Module:Catalog_lookup_link"] = 61000,
["Module:Category_described_in_year"] = 6400,
["Module:Category_described_in_year/config"] = 6400,
["Module:Category_disambiguation"] = 2700,
["Module:Category_handler"] = 4980000,
["Module:Category_handler/blacklist"] = 4980000,
["Module:Category_handler/config"] = 4980000,
["Module:Category_handler/data"] = 4980000,
["Module:Category_handler/shared"] = 4980000,
["Module:Category_main_article"] = 221000,
["Module:Category_more_if_exists"] = 49000,
["Module:Category_pair"] = 7000,
["Module:Category_see_also"] = 55000,
["Module:Category_series_navigation"] = 597000,
["Module:Category_series_navigation/styles.css"] = 597000,
["Module:Celestial_object_quadrangle"] = 2100,
["Module:Chart"] = 2900,
["Module:Chart/Default_colors"] = 2900,
["Module:Check_DYK_hook"] = 126000,
["Module:Check_blp_parameter"] = 2900000,
["Module:Check_for_conflicting_parameters"] = 4730000,
["Module:Check_for_deprecated_parameters"] = 326000,
["Module:Check_for_unknown_parameters"] = 23300000,
["Module:Check_height"] = 152000,
["Module:Check_isxn"] = 16000,
["Module:Check_winner_by_scores"] = 16000,
["Module:Checkuser"] = 90000,
["Module:Chem2"] = 11000,
["Module:Chem2/styles.css"] = 11000,
["Module:Citation/CS1"] = 6520000,
["Module:Citation/CS1/COinS"] = 6520000,
["Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration"] = 6650000,
["Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation"] = 6520000,
["Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers"] = 6650000,
["Module:Citation/CS1/Suggestions"] = 26000,
["Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities"] = 6650000,
["Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist"] = 6520000,
["Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"] = 6650000,
["Module:Citation_mode"] = 49000,
["Module:Cite"] = 52000,
["Module:Cite/config"] = 70000,
["Module:Cite_IUCN"] = 70000,
["Module:Cite_Q"] = 17000,
["Module:Cite_Q/config"] = 17000,
["Module:Cite_taxon"] = 55000,
["Module:Cite_tweet"] = 48000,
["Module:Clade"] = 10000,
["Module:Class"] = 62000,
["Module:Class/definition.json"] = 62000,
["Module:Class/styles.css"] = 39000,
["Module:Class_mask"] = 457000,
["Module:Clickable_button"] = 1880000,
["Module:Collapsible_list"] = 70000,
["Module:College_color"] = 137000,
["Module:College_color/data"] = 137000,
["Module:Color_contrast"] = 575000,
["Module:Color_contrast/colors"] = 577000,
["Module:Commons_link"] = 307000,
["Module:Compact_list"] = 2000,
["Module:Complex_date"] = 47000,
["Module:Conservation_status"] = 88000,
["Module:Contentious_topics/talk_notice"] = 21000,
["Module:Convert"] = 1510000,
["Module:Convert/data"] = 1510000,
["Module:Convert/helper"] = 13000,
["Module:Convert/text"] = 1510000,
["Module:Convert/wikidata"] = 2700,
["Module:Convert/wikidata/data"] = 2700,
["Module:ConvertIB"] = 798000,
["Module:ConvertIB/data"] = 273000,
["Module:ConvertNumeric"] = 20000,
["Module:Convert_character_width"] = 2800,
["Module:Convert_character_width/data"] = 2800,
["Module:Coordinates"] = 1410000,
["Module:Coordinates/styles.css"] = 1410000,
["Module:Copied"] = 43000,
["Module:Country2nationality"] = 97000,
["Module:CountryAdjectiveDemonym"] = 116000,
["Module:CountryAdjectiveDemonym/Adjectives"] = 116000,
["Module:CountryAdjectiveDemonym/Demonyms"] = 116000,
["Module:CountryAdjectiveDemonym/The"] = 116000,
["Module:CountryData"] = 474000,
["Module:CountryData/cacheA"] = 165000,
["Module:CountryData/cacheB"] = 81000,
["Module:CountryData/cacheC"] = 59000,
["Module:CountryData/cacheD"] = 55000,
["Module:CountryData/cacheE"] = 37000,
["Module:CountryData/cacheF"] = 26000,
["Module:CountryData/cacheG"] = 27000,
["Module:CountryData/cacheH"] = 18000,
["Module:CountryData/cacheI"] = 16000,
["Module:CountryData/cacheJ"] = 11000,
["Module:CountryData/cacheK"] = 11000,
["Module:CountryData/summary"] = 474000,
["Module:Country_adjective"] = 4600,
["Module:Country_alias"] = 62000,
["Module:Country_alias/data"] = 62000,
["Module:Cslist"] = 3700,
["Module:Currency"] = 5500,
["Module:Currency/Presentation"] = 5500,
}
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೧ revisions imported from [[:en:Module:Transclusion_count/data/C]]
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Scribunto
text/plain
return {
["C"] = 796000,
["C-Class"] = 17000,
["C-SPAN"] = 13000,
["C-cmn"] = 2800,
["C-pl"] = 51000,
["C."] = 352000,
["CAN"] = 20000,
["CANelec"] = 18000,
["CANelec/gain"] = 3400,
["CANelec/hold"] = 6600,
["CANelec/source"] = 11000,
["CANelec/top"] = 8700,
["CANelec/total"] = 9300,
["CAS"] = 3800,
["CAS_Registry_Number"] = 3800,
["CBB_Yearly_Record_End"] = 3500,
["CBB_Yearly_Record_Entry"] = 3600,
["CBB_Yearly_Record_Start"] = 3400,
["CBB_Yearly_Record_Subhead"] = 4200,
["CBB_Yearly_Record_Subtotal"] = 3300,
["CBB_roster/Footer"] = 11000,
["CBB_roster/Header"] = 11000,
["CBB_roster/Player"] = 10000,
["CBB_schedule_end"] = 13000,
["CBB_schedule_entry"] = 13000,
["CBB_schedule_start"] = 13000,
["CBB_standings_end"] = 19000,
["CBB_standings_entry"] = 19000,
["CBB_standings_start"] = 19000,
["CBB_yearly_record_end"] = 4700,
["CBB_yearly_record_end/legend"] = 4100,
["CBB_yearly_record_entry"] = 4600,
["CBB_yearly_record_start"] = 4500,
["CBB_yearly_record_subhead"] = 4300,
["CBB_yearly_record_subtotal"] = 4400,
["CBSB_Standings_End"] = 2700,
["CBSB_Standings_Entry"] = 2700,
["CBSB_Standings_Start"] = 2600,
["CBSB_link"] = 4100,
["CBSB_standings_end"] = 5500,
["CBSB_standings_entry"] = 5500,
["CBSB_standings_start"] = 5500,
["CC0"] = 4000,
["CC_BY-SA_2.5"] = 2100,
["CC_BY-SA_2.5,_2.0,_1.0"] = 2100,
["CC_BY-SA_3.0"] = 21000,
["CC_BY-SA_3.0_migrated"] = 19000,
["CC_BY-SA_4.0"] = 13000,
["CC_BY_2.5"] = 2600,
["CC_BY_3.0"] = 7000,
["CFB_Standings_End"] = 16000,
["CFB_Standings_Entry"] = 16000,
["CFB_Standings_Start"] = 16000,
["CFB_Yearly_Record_End"] = 7900,
["CFB_Yearly_Record_End/legend"] = 2900,
["CFB_Yearly_Record_Entry"] = 7900,
["CFB_Yearly_Record_Start"] = 7900,
["CFB_Yearly_Record_Subhead"] = 8000,
["CFB_Yearly_Record_Subtotal"] = 7800,
["CFB_schedule"] = 29000,
["CFB_schedule_entry"] = 22000,
["CFB_standings_end"] = 39000,
["CFB_standings_entry"] = 39000,
["CFB_standings_start"] = 39000,
["CFL_Year"] = 7200,
["CGF_year"] = 3700,
["CGNDB_URL"] = 5400,
["CHE"] = 11000,
["CHI"] = 3300,
["CHL"] = 4200,
["CHN"] = 15000,
["CN"] = 4000,
["CO2"] = 3500,
["COI"] = 14000,
["COIUL"] = 131000,
["COI_editnotice"] = 7800,
["COL"] = 5600,
["COLON"] = 14000,
["CRI"] = 2300,
["CRO"] = 6500,
["CS1_config"] = 15000,
["CSK"] = 2800,
["CSS_image_crop"] = 9300,
["CUB"] = 4200,
["CURRENTDATE"] = 3600,
["CURRENTMINUTE"] = 2500,
["CYP"] = 2200,
["CZE"] = 16000,
["Calendar"] = 2500,
["Calendar/styles.css"] = 2800,
["California/color"] = 12000,
["Call_sign_disambiguation"] = 3100,
["Campaignbox"] = 26000,
["CanProvName"] = 19000,
["CanadaByProvinceCatNav"] = 9500,
["CanadaProvinceThe"] = 4500,
["Canada_NTS_Map_Sheet"] = 2100,
["Canada_by_province_category_navigation"] = 9900,
["Canadian_English"] = 13000,
["Canadian_Parliament_links"] = 5100,
["Canadian_election_result"] = 18000,
["Canadian_election_result/gain"] = 3600,
["Canadian_election_result/hold"] = 6900,
["Canadian_election_result/source"] = 12000,
["Canadian_election_result/top"] = 18000,
["Canadian_election_result/total"] = 14000,
["Canadian_party_colour"] = 11000,
["Canadian_party_colour/colour"] = 23000,
["Canadian_party_colour/colour/default"] = 22000,
["Canadian_party_colour/name"] = 19000,
["Canadian_party_colour/name/default"] = 8200,
["Canadian_province_name"] = 19000,
["Canned_search"] = 8400,
["Cascite"] = 17000,
["Caselaw_source"] = 4800,
["Cassini-Ehess"] = 3100,
["Cast_listing"] = 29000,
["Castlist"] = 5500,
["Cat"] = 462000,
["CatAutoTOC"] = 374000,
["CatRel"] = 4100,
["CatTrack"] = 20000,
["Cat_class"] = 6500,
["Cat_main"] = 149000,
["Cat_more"] = 103000,
["Cat_more_if_exists"] = 29000,
["Cat_see_also"] = 3800,
["Catalog_lookup_link"] = 60000,
["Catalog_of_Fishes"] = 9600,
["Catalogue_of_Life"] = 24000,
["Category"] = 2400,
["Category-Class"] = 14000,
["Category-inline"] = 11000,
["Category_TOC"] = 81000,
["Category_TOC/tracking"] = 81000,
["Category_U.S._State_elections_by_year"] = 7500,
["Category_U.S._State_elections_by_year/core"] = 7500,
["Category_class"] = 25000,
["Category_described_in_year"] = 6400,
["Category_diffuse"] = 11000,
["Category_disambiguation"] = 2700,
["Category_explanation"] = 415000,
["Category_handler"] = 2720000,
["Category_if_exists"] = 84000,
["Category_ifexist"] = 4900,
["Category_importance"] = 8900,
["Category_link"] = 681000,
["Category_link/core"] = 681000,
["Category_link_if_exists"] = 81000,
["Category_link_with_count"] = 9200,
["Category_link_without_namespace"] = 798000,
["Category_links"] = 9900,
["Category_main_article"] = 221000,
["Category_more"] = 143000,
["Category_more_if_exists"] = 49000,
["Category_ordered_by_date"] = 13000,
["Category_other"] = 1110000,
["Category_pair"] = 2100,
["Category_redirect"] = 158000,
["Category_redirect/core"] = 158000,
["Category_see_also"] = 55000,
["Category_see_also/Category_pair_check"] = 55000,
["Category_see_also_if_exists"] = 94000,
["Category_see_also_if_exists_2"] = 101000,
["Category_series_navigation"] = 597000,
["Category_title"] = 2400,
["Catexp"] = 5900,
["CathEncy"] = 2300,
["Catholic"] = 3700,
["Catholic_Encyclopedia"] = 5100,
["Catmain"] = 29000,
["Catmore"] = 9800,
["Catseealso"] = 2300,
["Cbb_link"] = 10000,
["Cbignore"] = 132000,
["Cbsb_link"] = 2500,
["Cc-by-2.5"] = 2600,
["Cc-by-3.0"] = 7000,
["Cc-by-sa-2.5"] = 2100,
["Cc-by-sa-2.5,2.0,1.0"] = 2100,
["Cc-by-sa-3.0"] = 20000,
["Cc-by-sa-3.0-migrated"] = 19000,
["Cc-by-sa-4.0"] = 13000,
["Cc-zero"] = 3800,
["CensusAU"] = 9100,
["Census_2016_AUS"] = 5700,
["Census_2021_AUS"] = 6200,
["Cent"] = 6800,
["Center"] = 299000,
["Centralized_discussion"] = 7200,
["Centralized_discussion/core"] = 7200,
["Centralized_discussion/styles.css"] = 7200,
["Centre"] = 4100,
["Century"] = 16000,
["Century_name_from_decade"] = 2400,
["Century_name_from_decade_or_year"] = 127000,
["Century_name_from_title_decade"] = 7600,
["Century_name_from_title_year"] = 9200,
["Certification_Cite_Ref"] = 38000,
["Certification_Table_Bottom"] = 37000,
["Certification_Table_Entry"] = 39000,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Foot"] = 37000,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Foot/helper"] = 37000,
["Certification_Table_Entry/MexicanAward"] = 2300,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Region"] = 38000,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales"] = 37000,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/AustrianPeriod"] = 2400,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/BelgianPeriod"] = 2400,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/DanishPeriod"] = 4400,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/DanishPeriodHelper1"] = 4400,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/DanishPeriodHelper2"] = 4400,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/FrenchPeriod"] = 2200,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/FrenchPeriodAlbum"] = 2000,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/GermanPeriod"] = 4100,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/ItalianHelper"] = 4500,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/MexicanSales"] = 2200,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/NewZealandPeriod"] = 7800,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/SpanishSinglesPeriod"] = 2800,
["Certification_Table_Entry/Sales/SwedishPeriod"] = 2300,
["Certification_Table_Separator"] = 3300,
["Certification_Table_Top"] = 39000,
["Cfb_link"] = 26000,
["Chart_bottom"] = 4500,
["Chart_top"] = 4500,
["Check_completeness_of_transclusions"] = 64000,
["Check_talk"] = 63000,
["Check_talk_wp"] = 1460000,
["Check_winner_by_scores"] = 16000,
["CheckedSockpuppet"] = 7200,
["Checked_sockpuppet"] = 18000,
["Checkedsockpuppet"] = 5300,
["Checkip"] = 12000,
["Checkuser"] = 89000,
["Checkuserblock-account"] = 43000,
["Chem"] = 6100,
["Chem/atom"] = 6000,
["Chem/link"] = 6100,
["Chem2"] = 11000,
["Chem_molar_mass"] = 22000,
["Chem_molar_mass/format"] = 22000,
["Chembox"] = 16000,
["Chembox/styles.css"] = 16000,
["Chembox_3DMet"] = 15000,
["Chembox_AllOtherNames"] = 14000,
["Chembox_AllOtherNames/format"] = 14000,
["Chembox_Appearance"] = 7200,
["Chembox_BoilingPt"] = 4200,
["Chembox_CASNo"] = 15000,
["Chembox_CASNo/format"] = 15000,
["Chembox_CalcTemperatures"] = 7600,
["Chembox_ChEBI"] = 15000,
["Chembox_ChEBI/format"] = 15000,
["Chembox_ChEMBL"] = 15000,
["Chembox_ChEMBL/format"] = 15000,
["Chembox_ChemSpiderID"] = 15000,
["Chembox_ChemSpiderID/format"] = 15000,
["Chembox_CompTox"] = 15000,
["Chembox_CompTox/format"] = 15000,
["Chembox_Datapage_check"] = 16000,
["Chembox_Density"] = 5700,
["Chembox_DrugBank"] = 15000,
["Chembox_DrugBank/format"] = 15000,
["Chembox_ECHA"] = 8200,
["Chembox_ECNumber"] = 15000,
["Chembox_ECNumber/format"] = 15000,
["Chembox_Elements"] = 15000,
["Chembox_Elements/molecular_formula"] = 21000,
["Chembox_FlashPt"] = 2100,
["Chembox_Footer"] = 15000,
["Chembox_Footer/tracking"] = 16000,
["Chembox_GHS_(set)"] = 4500,
["Chembox_Hazards"] = 13000,
["Chembox_IUPHAR_ligand"] = 15000,
["Chembox_IUPHAR_ligand/format"] = 15000,
["Chembox_Identifiers"] = 15000,
["Chembox_InChI"] = 15000,
["Chembox_InChI/format"] = 15000,
["Chembox_Indexlist"] = 15000,
["Chembox_Jmol"] = 15000,
["Chembox_Jmol/format"] = 15000,
["Chembox_KEGG"] = 15000,
["Chembox_KEGG/format"] = 15000,
["Chembox_MeltingPt"] = 6600,
["Chembox_OtherCpds"] = 2100,
["Chembox_Properties"] = 15000,
["Chembox_PubChem"] = 15000,
["Chembox_PubChem/format"] = 15000,
["Chembox_RTECS"] = 15000,
["Chembox_RTECS/format"] = 15000,
["Chembox_Related"] = 4200,
["Chembox_SMILES"] = 15000,
["Chembox_SMILES/format"] = 15000,
["Chembox_SolubilityInWater"] = 4500,
["Chembox_Structure"] = 2400,
["Chembox_UNII"] = 15000,
["Chembox_UNII/format"] = 15000,
["Chembox_headerbar"] = 16000,
["Chembox_image"] = 14000,
["Chembox_image_cell"] = 14000,
["Chembox_image_sbs"] = 14000,
["Chembox_parametercheck"] = 15000,
["Chembox_setDatarow"] = 5500,
["Chembox_setHeader"] = 5500,
["Chembox_templatePar/formatPreviewMessage"] = 16000,
["Chembox_verification"] = 6900,
["Chemspidercite"] = 11000,
["Chessgames_player"] = 3800,
["Chinese"] = 3600,
["Circa"] = 467000,
["Circular_reference"] = 3900,
["Citation"] = 411000,
["Citation/make_link"] = 7800,
["Citation/styles.css"] = 52000,
["Citation_needed"] = 635000,
["Citation_needed_span"] = 3600,
["Citation_style"] = 4500,
["Cite_AV_media"] = 79000,
["Cite_AV_media_notes"] = 34000,
["Cite_Appletons'"] = 2400,
["Cite_Australian_Dictionary_of_Biography"] = 4900,
["Cite_Box_Office_Mojo"] = 2500,
["Cite_Catholic_Encyclopedia"] = 8600,
["Cite_DCB"] = 3300,
["Cite_DGRBM"] = 2200,
["Cite_DNB"] = 20000,
["Cite_EB1911"] = 26000,
["Cite_FTP"] = 2500,
["Cite_GBIF"] = 4300,
["Cite_GNIS"] = 2400,
["Cite_Gaia_DR3"] = 3100,
["Cite_Google_Maps"] = 20000,
["Cite_Hansard"] = 2700,
["Cite_IUCN"] = 70000,
["Cite_Instagram"] = 7200,
["Cite_Jewish_Encyclopedia"] = 3200,
["Cite_LCDB"] = 2000,
["Cite_Metacritic"] = 2300,
["Cite_NIE"] = 3500,
["Cite_NSW_Parliament"] = 3300,
["Cite_NSW_SHR"] = 2700,
["Cite_NatureServe"] = 2800,
["Cite_ODNB"] = 22000,
["Cite_OED"] = 2500,
["Cite_POWO"] = 6100,
["Cite_Q"] = 17000,
["Cite_QHR"] = 3100,
["Cite_QPN"] = 4100,
["Cite_Rotten_Tomatoes"] = 2900,
["Cite_Rowlett"] = 2500,
["Cite_Russian_law"] = 7800,
["Cite_Ryan"] = 3300,
["Cite_Sports-Reference"] = 55000,
["Cite_USGov"] = 13000,
["Cite_WoRMS"] = 13000,
["Cite_act"] = 3900,
["Cite_arXiv"] = 7100,
["Cite_bcgnis"] = 3700,
["Cite_book"] = 1900000,
["Cite_certification"] = 43000,
["Cite_certification/Title"] = 39000,
["Cite_certification/URL"] = 43000,
["Cite_certification/archivedate"] = 7600,
["Cite_certification/archiveurl"] = 7600,
["Cite_cgndb"] = 5400,
["Cite_comic"] = 2100,
["Cite_conference"] = 22000,
["Cite_court"] = 6800,
["Cite_dictionary"] = 3500,
["Cite_document"] = 2000,
["Cite_encyclopedia"] = 242000,
["Cite_episode"] = 19000,
["Cite_gnis"] = 35000,
["Cite_instagram"] = 3000,
["Cite_interview"] = 11000,
["Cite_iucn"] = 69000,
["Cite_journal"] = 1170000,
["Cite_legislation_UK"] = 3700,
["Cite_magazine"] = 379000,
["Cite_map"] = 60000,
["Cite_news"] = 1920000,
["Cite_newspaper_The_Times"] = 7200,
["Cite_patent"] = 7200,
["Cite_patent/authors"] = 6000,
["Cite_patent/core"] = 7600,
["Cite_peakbagger"] = 5300,
["Cite_podcast"] = 6200,
["Cite_press_release"] = 85000,
["Cite_report"] = 75000,
["Cite_rowlett"] = 2500,
["Cite_ship_register"] = 2000,
["Cite_simbad"] = 5600,
["Cite_sports-reference"] = 60000,
["Cite_taxon"] = 5500,
["Cite_tech_report"] = 3000,
["Cite_thesis"] = 50000,
["Cite_tweet"] = 48000,
["Cite_video"] = 13000,
["Cite_video_game"] = 3400,
["Cite_web"] = 5400000,
["Cite_wikisource"] = 7100,
["Cite_wikisource/make_link"] = 65000,
["Citeweb"] = 3900,
["Civil_navigation"] = 2100,
["Cjersey"] = 3000,
["Cl"] = 216000,
["Clade"] = 10000,
["Clade/styles.css"] = 10000,
["Clarification_needed"] = 2500,
["Clarify"] = 45000,
["Class"] = 39000,
["Class/colour"] = 19000,
["Class/icon"] = 21000,
["Class_mask"] = 457000,
["Classicon"] = 5200,
["Clc"] = 7400,
["Cleanup"] = 8500,
["Cleanup_reorganize"] = 2300,
["Cleanup_rewrite"] = 6900,
["Clear"] = 3750000,
["Clear_left"] = 28000,
["Clear_right"] = 2800,
["Clerk_Request"] = 2500,
["Clerk_note"] = 11000,
["Clerknote"] = 8600,
["Clickable_button"] = 1880000,
["Clickable_button_2"] = 228000,
["Closed_access"] = 5500,
["Closed_peer_review_page"] = 3100,
["Closed_rfc_bottom"] = 2200,
["Closed_rfc_top"] = 2800,
["Clr"] = 3100,
["Club_players_category"] = 9400,
["Clubplayerscat"] = 9400,
["Cmbox"] = 532000,
["Cn"] = 113000,
["Cnote2"] = 2900,
["Cnote2_Begin"] = 2900,
["Cnote2_End"] = 2900,
["Coat_of_arms"] = 2500,
["Cob"] = 15000,
["Code"] = 300000,
["Cof_family"] = 4500,
["Cof_genus"] = 5200,
["Col-1-of-2"] = 2400,
["Col-2"] = 186000,
["Col-2-of-2"] = 2300,
["Col-3"] = 11000,
["Col-4"] = 3800,
["Col-begin"] = 231000,
["Col-begin/styles.css"] = 231000,
["Col-break"] = 229000,
["Col-end"] = 230000,
["Col-float"] = 4900,
["Col-float-break"] = 4700,
["Col-float-end"] = 4800,
["Col-float/styles.css"] = 4900,
["Col-start"] = 10000,
["Col_div"] = 2200,
["Colbegin"] = 24000,
["Colend"] = 27000,
["Collapse"] = 8800,
["Collapse_bottom"] = 56000,
["Collapse_top"] = 56000,
["Collapse_top/styles.css"] = 56000,
["Collapsebottom"] = 4100,
["Collapsed_infobox_section_begin"] = 4400,
["Collapsed_infobox_section_begin/cont"] = 4400,
["Collapsed_infobox_section_begin/styles.css"] = 4400,
["Collapsed_infobox_section_end"] = 4400,
["Collapsetop"] = 4100,
["Collapsible_list"] = 68000,
["Collapsible_option"] = 151000,
["Colledge:_Ships_RN"] = 3000,
["College"] = 12000,
["CollegePrimaryHeader"] = 8200,
["CollegePrimaryStyle"] = 111000,
["CollegeSecondaryStyle"] = 11000,
["College_Athlete_Recruit_End"] = 2800,
["College_Athlete_Recruit_Entry"] = 2900,
["College_Athlete_Recruit_Start"] = 2900,
["College_athlete_recruit_end"] = 4900,
["College_athlete_recruit_entry"] = 5100,
["College_athlete_recruit_start"] = 5100,
["College_color_list"] = 4400,
["College_sports_team_link"] = 31000,
["Colon"] = 20000,
["Color"] = 504000,
["Color/styles.css"] = 504000,
["Color_box"] = 86000,
["Colorbox"] = 2500,
["Colorbull"] = 4600,
["Colored_link"] = 105000,
["Coloredlink"] = 2700,
["Colors"] = 3600,
["Colour"] = 5500,
["Colour_box"] = 2500,
["Coloured_link"] = 12000,
["Column"] = 4300,
["Column/styles.css"] = 4300,
["Columns-end"] = 4000,
["Columns-list"] = 125000,
["Columns-start"] = 4000,
["Comic_Book_DB"] = 3500,
["Comicbookdb"] = 3400,
["Comics-replaceability"] = 2700,
["Comics_infobox_sec/formcat"] = 3400,
["Comics_infobox_sec/genre"] = 4200,
["Comics_infobox_sec/genrecat"] = 3800,
["Comics_infobox_sec/styles.css"] = 8100,
["Comma_separated_entries"] = 521000,
["Comment"] = 7500,
["Committed_identity"] = 3200,
["Committed_identity/styles.css"] = 3200,
["Commons"] = 73000,
["Commons-inline"] = 25000,
["Commons_cat"] = 45000,
["Commons_category"] = 903000,
["Commons_category-inline"] = 177000,
["Commons_category_inline"] = 5700,
["Commonscat"] = 60000,
["Commonscat-inline"] = 15000,
["Commonscat_inline"] = 2200,
["Commonscatinline"] = 7300,
["Compact_TOC"] = 7300,
["Compact_ToC"] = 3200,
["Compose_molecular_formula"] = 2300,
["Composition_bar"] = 13000,
["Confirmed"] = 20000,
["Confused"] = 3200,
["Confusing"] = 2400,
["CongBio"] = 9400,
["CongLinks"] = 4800,
["Connected_contributor"] = 21000,
["Connected_contributor_(paid)"] = 9900,
["Constellation_navbox"] = 9900,
["Container"] = 14000,
["Container_cat"] = 9100,
["Container_category"] = 87000,
["Containercat"] = 2800,
["Contains_special_characters"] = 5200,
["Contains_special_characters/core"] = 5200,
["Contains_special_characters/styles.css"] = 5200,
["Content_category"] = 7900,
["Contentious_topics/Additional_restrictions.json"] = 21000,
["Contentious_topics/Arab-Israeli_editnotice"] = 6900,
["Contentious_topics/Arab-Israeli_talk_notice"] = 6100,
["Contentious_topics/Category_database.json"] = 21000,
["Contentious_topics/Restrictions_definition.json"] = 21000,
["Contentious_topics/Standard_set.json"] = 21000,
["Contentious_topics/list"] = 29000,
["Contentious_topics/page_restriction_editnotice_base"] = 7300,
["Contentious_topics/page_restriction_talk_notice"] = 2700,
["Contentious_topics/talk_notice"] = 21000,
["Context"] = 2600,
["Continent2continental"] = 45000,
["Continent_adjective_to_noun"] = 10000,
["Continental2continent"] = 22000,
["Controversial"] = 3000,
["Convert"] = 1410000,
["Convert_abbreviated"] = 169000,
["Convinfobox"] = 307000,
["Coord"] = 1400000,
["Coord_missing"] = 70000,
["Coord_missing/CheckCat"] = 70000,
["Coords"] = 6800,
["Copied"] = 22000,
["Copy_edit"] = 2100,
["Copy_to_Commons"] = 2100,
["Copy_to_Wikimedia_Commons"] = 85000,
["Copy_to_Wikimedia_Commons_in"] = 4200,
["Copyvios"] = 4900,
["Cospar"] = 2800,
["Cot"] = 14000,
["Count"] = 975000,
["Country2continent"] = 89000,
["Country2continental"] = 31000,
["Country2nationality"] = 35000,
["CountryPrefixThe"] = 82000,
["Country_abbreviation"] = 94000,
["Country_alias"] = 17000,
["Country_at_games_navbox"] = 5800,
["Country_at_games_navbox/below"] = 5800,
["Country_data"] = 12000,
["Country_data_AFG"] = 2600,
["Country_data_ALB"] = 7200,
["Country_data_ALG"] = 11000,
["Country_data_AND"] = 3600,
["Country_data_ANG"] = 4400,
["Country_data_ARG"] = 53000,
["Country_data_ARM"] = 8300,
["Country_data_AUS"] = 88000,
["Country_data_AUT"] = 52000,
["Country_data_AZE"] = 11000,
["Country_data_Afghanistan"] = 21000,
["Country_data_Alabama"] = 2600,
["Country_data_Alaska"] = 2100,
["Country_data_Albania"] = 35000,
["Country_data_Alberta"] = 3300,
["Country_data_Algeria"] = 47000,
["Country_data_American_Samoa"] = 2900,
["Country_data_Andorra"] = 9300,
["Country_data_Angola"] = 21000,
["Country_data_Anguilla"] = 2400,
["Country_data_Antigua_and_Barbuda"] = 6400,
["Country_data_Apulia"] = 7900,
["Country_data_Argentina"] = 150000,
["Country_data_Arizona"] = 2500,
["Country_data_Arkansas"] = 2800,
["Country_data_Armenia"] = 45000,
["Country_data_Aruba"] = 4000,
["Country_data_Australia"] = 273000,
["Country_data_Austria"] = 143000,
["Country_data_Austria-Hungary"] = 2300,
["Country_data_Azerbaijan"] = 50000,
["Country_data_BAH"] = 4600,
["Country_data_BAN"] = 4500,
["Country_data_BAR"] = 2700,
["Country_data_BDI"] = 2000,
["Country_data_BEL"] = 60000,
["Country_data_BEN"] = 2000,
["Country_data_BER"] = 2500,
["Country_data_BFA"] = 2000,
["Country_data_BHR"] = 5800,
["Country_data_BIH"] = 14000,
["Country_data_BLR"] = 26000,
["Country_data_BOL"] = 6600,
["Country_data_BOT"] = 3100,
["Country_data_BRA"] = 65000,
["Country_data_BUL"] = 31000,
["Country_data_Bahamas"] = 11000,
["Country_data_Bahrain"] = 21000,
["Country_data_Bangladesh"] = 34000,
["Country_data_Barbados"] = 8700,
["Country_data_Belarus"] = 89000,
["Country_data_Belgium"] = 155000,
["Country_data_Belize"] = 5100,
["Country_data_Benin"] = 8000,
["Country_data_Bermuda"] = 6400,
["Country_data_Bhutan"] = 4900,
["Country_data_Bolivia"] = 24000,
["Country_data_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina"] = 52000,
["Country_data_Botswana"] = 10000,
["Country_data_Brazil"] = 168000,
["Country_data_British_Columbia"] = 3700,
["Country_data_British_Empire"] = 2000,
["Country_data_British_Raj"] = 2500,
["Country_data_British_Virgin_Islands"] = 3300,
["Country_data_Brunei"] = 6900,
["Country_data_Bulgaria"] = 100000,
["Country_data_Burkina_Faso"] = 11000,
["Country_data_Burma"] = 2300,
["Country_data_Burundi"] = 6800,
["Country_data_CAM"] = 2500,
["Country_data_CAN"] = 69000,
["Country_data_CGO"] = 2500,
["Country_data_CHE"] = 5900,
["Country_data_CHI"] = 20000,
["Country_data_CHL"] = 2300,
["Country_data_CHN"] = 49000,
["Country_data_CIV"] = 8600,
["Country_data_CMR"] = 8800,
["Country_data_COD"] = 3500,
["Country_data_COL"] = 28000,
["Country_data_CPV"] = 2300,
["Country_data_CRC"] = 7000,
["Country_data_CRO"] = 37000,
["Country_data_CUB"] = 13000,
["Country_data_CYP"] = 10000,
["Country_data_CZE"] = 54000,
["Country_data_California"] = 6200,
["Country_data_Cambodia"] = 9900,
["Country_data_Cameroon"] = 31000,
["Country_data_Canada"] = 260000,
["Country_data_Cape_Verde"] = 7000,
["Country_data_Castile_and_León"] = 2000,
["Country_data_Catalonia"] = 3400,
["Country_data_Cayman_Islands"] = 4600,
["Country_data_Central_African_Republic"] = 5100,
["Country_data_Chad"] = 5400,
["Country_data_Chile"] = 89000,
["Country_data_China"] = 148000,
["Country_data_Chinese_Taipei"] = 38000,
["Country_data_Colombia"] = 94000,
["Country_data_Colorado"] = 5300,
["Country_data_Commonwealth_of_Independent_States"] = 2200,
["Country_data_Comoros"] = 4700,
["Country_data_Confederate_States_of_America"] = 3100,
["Country_data_Connecticut"] = 3400,
["Country_data_Cook_Islands"] = 3900,
["Country_data_Costa_Rica"] = 32000,
["Country_data_Croatia"] = 103000,
["Country_data_Cuba"] = 45000,
["Country_data_Curaçao"] = 4400,
["Country_data_Cyprus"] = 45000,
["Country_data_Czech_Republic"] = 150000,
["Country_data_Czechoslovakia"] = 34000,
["Country_data_DEN"] = 40000,
["Country_data_DEU"] = 11000,
["Country_data_DNK"] = 4400,
["Country_data_DOM"] = 8300,
["Country_data_DRC"] = 2100,
["Country_data_Delaware"] = 2700,
["Country_data_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo"] = 22000,
["Country_data_Denmark"] = 120000,
["Country_data_Djibouti"] = 5000,
["Country_data_Dominica"] = 4200,
["Country_data_Dominican_Republic"] = 34000,
["Country_data_ECU"] = 13000,
["Country_data_EGY"] = 16000,
["Country_data_ENG"] = 52000,
["Country_data_ESA"] = 2500,
["Country_data_ESP"] = 84000,
["Country_data_EST"] = 17000,
["Country_data_ETH"] = 4600,
["Country_data_EU"] = 2600,
["Country_data_East_Germany"] = 28000,
["Country_data_Ecuador"] = 48000,
["Country_data_Egypt"] = 65000,
["Country_data_El_Salvador"] = 22000,
["Country_data_Empire_of_Japan"] = 4400,
["Country_data_England"] = 161000,
["Country_data_Equatorial_Guinea"] = 5500,
["Country_data_Eritrea"] = 5500,
["Country_data_Estonia"] = 68000,
["Country_data_Eswatini"] = 5000,
["Country_data_Ethiopia"] = 21000,
["Country_data_Europe"] = 2800,
["Country_data_European_Union"] = 8100,
["Country_data_FIJ"] = 4500,
["Country_data_FIN"] = 40000,
["Country_data_FRA"] = 115000,
["Country_data_FRG"] = 18000,
["Country_data_FRO"] = 2200,
["Country_data_FR_Yugoslavia"] = 4400,
["Country_data_Faroe_Islands"] = 5700,
["Country_data_Federated_States_of_Micronesia"] = 2700,
["Country_data_Fiji"] = 21000,
["Country_data_Finland"] = 112000,
["Country_data_Florida"] = 5800,
["Country_data_France"] = 320000,
["Country_data_French_Polynesia"] = 3900,
["Country_data_GAB"] = 2500,
["Country_data_GAM"] = 2300,
["Country_data_GBR"] = 67000,
["Country_data_GDR"] = 11000,
["Country_data_GEO"] = 16000,
["Country_data_GER"] = 95000,
["Country_data_GHA"] = 10000,
["Country_data_GIB"] = 2100,
["Country_data_GRE"] = 29000,
["Country_data_GUA"] = 5400,
["Country_data_GUI"] = 3400,
["Country_data_GUY"] = 2500,
["Country_data_Gabon"] = 8100,
["Country_data_Gambia"] = 7600,
["Country_data_Georgia"] = 8600,
["Country_data_Georgia_(U.S._state)"] = 3200,
["Country_data_Georgia_(country)"] = 53000,
["Country_data_German_Empire"] = 5700,
["Country_data_Germany"] = 290000,
["Country_data_Ghana"] = 45000,
["Country_data_Gibraltar"] = 5200,
["Country_data_Great_Britain"] = 126000,
["Country_data_Greece"] = 104000,
["Country_data_Greenland"] = 2800,
["Country_data_Grenada"] = 5700,
["Country_data_Guadeloupe"] = 2800,
["Country_data_Guam"] = 4600,
["Country_data_Guatemala"] = 22000,
["Country_data_Guinea"] = 9400,
["Country_data_Guinea-Bissau"] = 5500,
["Country_data_Guyana"] = 7700,
["Country_data_HAI"] = 3300,
["Country_data_HKG"] = 15000,
["Country_data_HON"] = 4400,
["Country_data_HUN"] = 44000,
["Country_data_Haiti"] = 9700,
["Country_data_Hawaii"] = 2200,
["Country_data_Honduras"] = 21000,
["Country_data_Hong_Kong"] = 50000,
["Country_data_Hungary"] = 114000,
["Country_data_IDN"] = 5700,
["Country_data_INA"] = 12000,
["Country_data_IND"] = 34000,
["Country_data_IRE"] = 12000,
["Country_data_IRI"] = 6700,
["Country_data_IRL"] = 24000,
["Country_data_IRN"] = 7300,
["Country_data_IRQ"] = 4800,
["Country_data_ISL"] = 9200,
["Country_data_ISR"] = 23000,
["Country_data_ITA"] = 102000,
["Country_data_Iceland"] = 46000,
["Country_data_Idaho"] = 2200,
["Country_data_Illinois"] = 4400,
["Country_data_India"] = 257000,
["Country_data_Indiana"] = 3300,
["Country_data_Indonesia"] = 71000,
["Country_data_Iowa"] = 2400,
["Country_data_Iran"] = 159000,
["Country_data_Iraq"] = 23000,
["Country_data_Ireland"] = 66000,
["Country_data_Isle_of_Man"] = 2800,
["Country_data_Israel"] = 92000,
["Country_data_Italy"] = 285000,
["Country_data_Ivory_Coast"] = 32000,
["Country_data_JAM"] = 12000,
["Country_data_JAP"] = 2200,
["Country_data_JOR"] = 4800,
["Country_data_JP"] = 8700,
["Country_data_JPN"] = 69000,
["Country_data_Jamaica"] = 44000,
["Country_data_Japan"] = 262000,
["Country_data_Jersey"] = 2500,
["Country_data_Jordan"] = 22000,
["Country_data_KAZ"] = 24000,
["Country_data_KEN"] = 10000,
["Country_data_KGZ"] = 4500,
["Country_data_KOR"] = 35000,
["Country_data_KOS"] = 3100,
["Country_data_KSA"] = 7500,
["Country_data_KUW"] = 4600,
["Country_data_Kazakhstan"] = 67000,
["Country_data_Kentucky"] = 2000,
["Country_data_Kenya"] = 35000,
["Country_data_Kingdom_of_France"] = 2200,
["Country_data_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain"] = 4600,
["Country_data_Kingdom_of_Italy"] = 4800,
["Country_data_Kiribati"] = 2600,
["Country_data_Kosovo"] = 10000,
["Country_data_Kuwait"] = 20000,
["Country_data_Kyrgyzstan"] = 11000,
["Country_data_LAO"] = 2200,
["Country_data_LAT"] = 17000,
["Country_data_LBN"] = 2900,
["Country_data_LBR"] = 2000,
["Country_data_LIB"] = 2600,
["Country_data_LIE"] = 3800,
["Country_data_LIT"] = 3700,
["Country_data_LTU"] = 14000,
["Country_data_LUX"] = 12000,
["Country_data_LVA"] = 3000,
["Country_data_Laos"] = 8000,
["Country_data_Latvia"] = 54000,
["Country_data_Lebanon"] = 23000,
["Country_data_Lesotho"] = 5400,
["Country_data_Liberia"] = 7900,
["Country_data_Libya"] = 9100,
["Country_data_Liechtenstein"] = 8900,
["Country_data_Lithuania"] = 53000,
["Country_data_Louisiana"] = 2300,
["Country_data_Luxembourg"] = 47000,
["Country_data_MAC"] = 3000,
["Country_data_MAD"] = 2400,
["Country_data_MAR"] = 15000,
["Country_data_MAS"] = 13000,
["Country_data_MDA"] = 8800,
["Country_data_MEX"] = 35000,
["Country_data_MGL"] = 3500,
["Country_data_MKD"] = 8500,
["Country_data_MLI"] = 4600,
["Country_data_MLT"] = 6400,
["Country_data_MNE"] = 8600,
["Country_data_MON"] = 4700,
["Country_data_MOZ"] = 2600,
["Country_data_MRI"] = 2200,
["Country_data_MYA"] = 3400,
["Country_data_MYS"] = 4200,
["Country_data_Macau"] = 6900,
["Country_data_Macedonia"] = 4700,
["Country_data_Madagascar"] = 9600,
["Country_data_Malawi"] = 6100,
["Country_data_Malaysia"] = 70000,
["Country_data_Maldives"] = 6700,
["Country_data_Mali"] = 21000,
["Country_data_Malta"] = 31000,
["Country_data_Manitoba"] = 3000,
["Country_data_Marshall_Islands"] = 3400,
["Country_data_Martinique"] = 2800,
["Country_data_Maryland"] = 3300,
["Country_data_Massachusetts"] = 2600,
["Country_data_Mauritania"] = 6000,
["Country_data_Mauritius"] = 8400,
["Country_data_Mexico"] = 113000,
["Country_data_Michigan"] = 3800,
["Country_data_Minas_Gerais"] = 2100,
["Country_data_Minnesota"] = 3700,
["Country_data_Missouri"] = 2500,
["Country_data_Moldova"] = 33000,
["Country_data_Monaco"] = 12000,
["Country_data_Mongolia"] = 11000,
["Country_data_Montana"] = 2400,
["Country_data_Montenegro"] = 33000,
["Country_data_Montserrat"] = 2400,
["Country_data_Morocco"] = 50000,
["Country_data_Mozambique"] = 7900,
["Country_data_Myanmar"] = 23000,
["Country_data_NAM"] = 4000,
["Country_data_NED"] = 72000,
["Country_data_NEP"] = 3300,
["Country_data_NGA"] = 8600,
["Country_data_NGR"] = 9200,
["Country_data_NIR"] = 11000,
["Country_data_NLD"] = 7400,
["Country_data_NOR"] = 35000,
["Country_data_NZ"] = 3700,
["Country_data_NZL"] = 38000,
["Country_data_Namibia"] = 11000,
["Country_data_Nauru"] = 2600,
["Country_data_Nazi_Germany"] = 10000,
["Country_data_Nepal"] = 31000,
["Country_data_Netherlands"] = 260000,
["Country_data_Netherlands_Antilles"] = 2400,
["Country_data_Nevada"] = 2100,
["Country_data_New_Brunswick"] = 2600,
["Country_data_New_Caledonia"] = 3300,
["Country_data_New_Hampshire"] = 2000,
["Country_data_New_Jersey"] = 4200,
["Country_data_New_South_Wales"] = 6400,
["Country_data_New_York"] = 4300,
["Country_data_New_York_(state)"] = 6800,
["Country_data_New_Zealand"] = 118000,
["Country_data_Newfoundland_and_Labrador"] = 2800,
["Country_data_Nicaragua"] = 9000,
["Country_data_Niger"] = 6200,
["Country_data_Nigeria"] = 65000,
["Country_data_North_Carolina"] = 3500,
["Country_data_North_Korea"] = 23000,
["Country_data_North_Macedonia"] = 33000,
["Country_data_Northern_Ireland"] = 27000,
["Country_data_Northern_Mariana_Islands"] = 2800,
["Country_data_Norway"] = 116000,
["Country_data_Nova_Scotia"] = 2800,
["Country_data_OMA"] = 3300,
["Country_data_Ohio"] = 5800,
["Country_data_Oklahoma"] = 2500,
["Country_data_Oman"] = 10000,
["Country_data_Ontario"] = 3900,
["Country_data_Ottoman_Empire"] = 3200,
["Country_data_PAK"] = 9000,
["Country_data_PAN"] = 5900,
["Country_data_PAR"] = 11000,
["Country_data_PER"] = 14000,
["Country_data_PHI"] = 13000,
["Country_data_PLE"] = 2000,
["Country_data_PNG"] = 3200,
["Country_data_POL"] = 60000,
["Country_data_POR"] = 37000,
["Country_data_PRK"] = 5000,
["Country_data_PRT"] = 3600,
["Country_data_PUR"] = 8000,
["Country_data_Pakistan"] = 51000,
["Country_data_Palau"] = 2600,
["Country_data_Palestine"] = 7700,
["Country_data_Panama"] = 29000,
["Country_data_Papua_New_Guinea"] = 8400,
["Country_data_Paraguay"] = 44000,
["Country_data_Pennsylvania"] = 3600,
["Country_data_Peru"] = 64000,
["Country_data_Philippines"] = 67000,
["Country_data_Poland"] = 240000,
["Country_data_Portugal"] = 116000,
["Country_data_Prussia"] = 2800,
["Country_data_Puerto_Rico"] = 34000,
["Country_data_QAT"] = 9500,
["Country_data_Qatar"] = 32000,
["Country_data_Quebec"] = 4400,
["Country_data_Queensland"] = 2300,
["Country_data_ROM"] = 15000,
["Country_data_ROU"] = 31000,
["Country_data_RSA"] = 36000,
["Country_data_RUS"] = 68000,
["Country_data_RWA"] = 2500,
["Country_data_Republic_of_China"] = 4600,
["Country_data_Republic_of_Ireland"] = 54000,
["Country_data_Republic_of_the_Congo"] = 8200,
["Country_data_Romania"] = 113000,
["Country_data_Russia"] = 253000,
["Country_data_Russian_Empire"] = 5600,
["Country_data_Rwanda"] = 8400,
["Country_data_SAM"] = 3700,
["Country_data_SCG"] = 3000,
["Country_data_SCO"] = 29000,
["Country_data_SEN"] = 8500,
["Country_data_SER"] = 3700,
["Country_data_SGP"] = 4400,
["Country_data_SIN"] = 7400,
["Country_data_SLE"] = 2000,
["Country_data_SLO"] = 22000,
["Country_data_SLV"] = 3200,
["Country_data_SMR"] = 3500,
["Country_data_SPA"] = 5500,
["Country_data_SRB"] = 30000,
["Country_data_SRI"] = 5200,
["Country_data_SUI"] = 50000,
["Country_data_SUR"] = 2300,
["Country_data_SVK"] = 32000,
["Country_data_SVN"] = 7300,
["Country_data_SWE"] = 65000,
["Country_data_SWI"] = 5100,
["Country_data_SYR"] = 3900,
["Country_data_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis"] = 4900,
["Country_data_Saint_Lucia"] = 5200,
["Country_data_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines"] = 5000,
["Country_data_Samoa"] = 8000,
["Country_data_San_Marino"] = 9600,
["Country_data_Saskatchewan"] = 4000,
["Country_data_Saudi_Arabia"] = 37000,
["Country_data_Scotland"] = 100000,
["Country_data_Senegal"] = 30000,
["Country_data_Serbia"] = 103000,
["Country_data_Serbia_and_Montenegro"] = 5400,
["Country_data_Seychelles"] = 5700,
["Country_data_Sierra_Leone"] = 7600,
["Country_data_Singapore"] = 49000,
["Country_data_Slovakia"] = 94000,
["Country_data_Slovenia"] = 89000,
["Country_data_Solomon_Islands"] = 4700,
["Country_data_Somalia"] = 6300,
["Country_data_South_Africa"] = 120000,
["Country_data_South_Australia"] = 2300,
["Country_data_South_Carolina"] = 3100,
["Country_data_South_Korea"] = 115000,
["Country_data_South_Sudan"] = 4800,
["Country_data_Soviet_Union"] = 76000,
["Country_data_Spain"] = 275000,
["Country_data_Sri_Lanka"] = 35000,
["Country_data_Sudan"] = 8600,
["Country_data_Suriname"] = 6800,
["Country_data_Sweden"] = 165000,
["Country_data_Switzerland"] = 148000,
["Country_data_Syria"] = 21000,
["Country_data_São_Tomé_and_Príncipe"] = 3300,
["Country_data_TAN"] = 3400,
["Country_data_TCH"] = 12000,
["Country_data_THA"] = 25000,
["Country_data_TJK"] = 2900,
["Country_data_TKM"] = 3100,
["Country_data_TOG"] = 2100,
["Country_data_TON"] = 2000,
["Country_data_TPE"] = 19000,
["Country_data_TRI"] = 5100,
["Country_data_TTO"] = 2100,
["Country_data_TUN"] = 12000,
["Country_data_TUR"] = 33000,
["Country_data_TWN"] = 2200,
["Country_data_Taiwan"] = 27000,
["Country_data_Tajikistan"] = 9700,
["Country_data_Tanzania"] = 22000,
["Country_data_Tennessee"] = 2200,
["Country_data_Texas"] = 5700,
["Country_data_Thailand"] = 94000,
["Country_data_Timor-Leste"] = 5000,
["Country_data_Togo"] = 7600,
["Country_data_Tonga"] = 6700,
["Country_data_Trinidad_and_Tobago"] = 24000,
["Country_data_Tunisia"] = 45000,
["Country_data_Turkey"] = 138000,
["Country_data_Turkmenistan"] = 8400,
["Country_data_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands"] = 2800,
["Country_data_Tuvalu"] = 2600,
["Country_data_U.S."] = 2000,
["Country_data_U.S._Virgin_Islands"] = 4900,
["Country_data_UAE"] = 11000,
["Country_data_UGA"] = 5200,
["Country_data_UK"] = 18000,
["Country_data_UKGBI"] = 3500,
["Country_data_UKR"] = 44000,
["Country_data_URS"] = 19000,
["Country_data_URU"] = 16000,
["Country_data_US"] = 5600,
["Country_data_USA"] = 150000,
["Country_data_USSR"] = 5400,
["Country_data_UZB"] = 14000,
["Country_data_Uganda"] = 22000,
["Country_data_Ukraine"] = 117000,
["Country_data_United_Arab_Emirates"] = 38000,
["Country_data_United_Kingdom"] = 157000,
["Country_data_United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland"] = 4900,
["Country_data_United_Nations"] = 4400,
["Country_data_United_States"] = 433000,
["Country_data_United_States_of_America"] = 4500,
["Country_data_Uruguay"] = 52000,
["Country_data_Uzbekistan"] = 36000,
["Country_data_VEN"] = 18000,
["Country_data_VIE"] = 7300,
["Country_data_Vanuatu"] = 5100,
["Country_data_Vatican_City"] = 2900,
["Country_data_Venezuela"] = 65000,
["Country_data_Victoria"] = 2400,
["Country_data_Vietnam"] = 46000,
["Country_data_Virginia"] = 3100,
["Country_data_WAL"] = 19000,
["Country_data_Wales"] = 67000,
["Country_data_Washington"] = 2700,
["Country_data_Washington,_D.C."] = 2200,
["Country_data_Washington_(state)"] = 3400,
["Country_data_West_Germany"] = 52000,
["Country_data_West_Indies"] = 2800,
["Country_data_Wisconsin"] = 5600,
["Country_data_Wyoming"] = 2100,
["Country_data_YUG"] = 11000,
["Country_data_Yemen"] = 8000,
["Country_data_Yugoslavia"] = 33000,
["Country_data_ZAF"] = 5400,
["Country_data_ZAM"] = 3800,
["Country_data_ZIM"] = 9200,
["Country_data_Zambia"] = 11000,
["Country_data_Zimbabwe"] = 32000,
["Country_data_none"] = 2100,
["Country_flagbio"] = 39000,
["Country_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest"] = 2800,
["Country_name"] = 58000,
["Country_prefix_the"] = 176000,
["Country_showdata"] = 7000,
["Country_topics"] = 25000,
["County"] = 7000,
["County_(judet)_of_Romania"] = 3300,
["Course_assignment"] = 4200,
["Course_details"] = 8400,
["Course_instructor"] = 3100,
["Cquote"] = 37000,
["Cr"] = 5000,
["Cr-rt"] = 2400,
["Create_taxonomy/link"] = 150000,
["Creative_Commons_text_attribution_notice"] = 6300,
["Cref2"] = 2900,
["Cricinfo"] = 24000,
["Cricket_squad2_player"] = 2700,
["Cricketarchive"] = 3000,
["Croatian_Census_2021"] = 4200,
["Cross"] = 4000,
["Crossreference"] = 2600,
["Crossreference/styles.css"] = 2600,
["Cs1_config"] = 13000,
["Cslist"] = 3700,
["Cslist/styles.css"] = 3700,
["Csv"] = 75000,
["Currency"] = 5400,
["Current_events"] = 9400,
["Current_events/styles.css"] = 9400,
["Currentdate"] = 24000,
["Cvt"] = 169000,
["Cycling_Archives"] = 4300,
["Cycling_data_DAT"] = 2000,
["Cycling_data_LTD"] = 2400,
["Cycling_data_MOV_men"] = 2300,
["Cycling_data_SOQ"] = 2200,
["Cycling_data_TVL"] = 2400,
["Cycling_data_UEX"] = 2300,
["Cycling_team_link"] = 14000,
["Module:CFB_schedule"] = 29000,
["Module:CS1_identifiers"] = 506000,
["Module:CallAssert"] = 122000,
["Module:Canada_NTS"] = 2100,
["Module:Canada_NTS/data"] = 2100,
["Module:Canada_by_province_category_navigation"] = 9900,
["Module:Catalog_lookup_link"] = 61000,
["Module:Category_described_in_year"] = 6400,
["Module:Category_described_in_year/config"] = 6400,
["Module:Category_disambiguation"] = 2700,
["Module:Category_handler"] = 4980000,
["Module:Category_handler/blacklist"] = 4980000,
["Module:Category_handler/config"] = 4980000,
["Module:Category_handler/data"] = 4980000,
["Module:Category_handler/shared"] = 4980000,
["Module:Category_main_article"] = 221000,
["Module:Category_more_if_exists"] = 49000,
["Module:Category_pair"] = 7000,
["Module:Category_see_also"] = 55000,
["Module:Category_series_navigation"] = 597000,
["Module:Category_series_navigation/styles.css"] = 597000,
["Module:Celestial_object_quadrangle"] = 2100,
["Module:Chart"] = 2900,
["Module:Chart/Default_colors"] = 2900,
["Module:Check_DYK_hook"] = 126000,
["Module:Check_blp_parameter"] = 2900000,
["Module:Check_for_conflicting_parameters"] = 4730000,
["Module:Check_for_deprecated_parameters"] = 326000,
["Module:Check_for_unknown_parameters"] = 23300000,
["Module:Check_height"] = 152000,
["Module:Check_isxn"] = 16000,
["Module:Check_winner_by_scores"] = 16000,
["Module:Checkuser"] = 90000,
["Module:Chem2"] = 11000,
["Module:Chem2/styles.css"] = 11000,
["Module:Citation/CS1"] = 6520000,
["Module:Citation/CS1/COinS"] = 6520000,
["Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration"] = 6650000,
["Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation"] = 6520000,
["Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers"] = 6650000,
["Module:Citation/CS1/Suggestions"] = 26000,
["Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities"] = 6650000,
["Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist"] = 6520000,
["Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"] = 6650000,
["Module:Citation_mode"] = 49000,
["Module:Cite"] = 52000,
["Module:Cite/config"] = 70000,
["Module:Cite_IUCN"] = 70000,
["Module:Cite_Q"] = 17000,
["Module:Cite_Q/config"] = 17000,
["Module:Cite_taxon"] = 55000,
["Module:Cite_tweet"] = 48000,
["Module:Clade"] = 10000,
["Module:Class"] = 62000,
["Module:Class/definition.json"] = 62000,
["Module:Class/styles.css"] = 39000,
["Module:Class_mask"] = 457000,
["Module:Clickable_button"] = 1880000,
["Module:Collapsible_list"] = 70000,
["Module:College_color"] = 137000,
["Module:College_color/data"] = 137000,
["Module:Color_contrast"] = 575000,
["Module:Color_contrast/colors"] = 577000,
["Module:Commons_link"] = 307000,
["Module:Compact_list"] = 2000,
["Module:Complex_date"] = 47000,
["Module:Conservation_status"] = 88000,
["Module:Contentious_topics/talk_notice"] = 21000,
["Module:Convert"] = 1510000,
["Module:Convert/data"] = 1510000,
["Module:Convert/helper"] = 13000,
["Module:Convert/text"] = 1510000,
["Module:Convert/wikidata"] = 2700,
["Module:Convert/wikidata/data"] = 2700,
["Module:ConvertIB"] = 798000,
["Module:ConvertIB/data"] = 273000,
["Module:ConvertNumeric"] = 20000,
["Module:Convert_character_width"] = 2800,
["Module:Convert_character_width/data"] = 2800,
["Module:Coordinates"] = 1410000,
["Module:Coordinates/styles.css"] = 1410000,
["Module:Copied"] = 43000,
["Module:Country2nationality"] = 97000,
["Module:CountryAdjectiveDemonym"] = 116000,
["Module:CountryAdjectiveDemonym/Adjectives"] = 116000,
["Module:CountryAdjectiveDemonym/Demonyms"] = 116000,
["Module:CountryAdjectiveDemonym/The"] = 116000,
["Module:CountryData"] = 474000,
["Module:CountryData/cacheA"] = 165000,
["Module:CountryData/cacheB"] = 81000,
["Module:CountryData/cacheC"] = 59000,
["Module:CountryData/cacheD"] = 55000,
["Module:CountryData/cacheE"] = 37000,
["Module:CountryData/cacheF"] = 26000,
["Module:CountryData/cacheG"] = 27000,
["Module:CountryData/cacheH"] = 18000,
["Module:CountryData/cacheI"] = 16000,
["Module:CountryData/cacheJ"] = 11000,
["Module:CountryData/cacheK"] = 11000,
["Module:CountryData/summary"] = 474000,
["Module:Country_adjective"] = 4600,
["Module:Country_alias"] = 62000,
["Module:Country_alias/data"] = 62000,
["Module:Cslist"] = 3700,
["Module:Currency"] = 5500,
["Module:Currency/Presentation"] = 5500,
}
it86j0qzg5pmc2gzac9oo79i7elci06
ಮೋಡ್ಯೂಲ್:Transclusion count/data/R
828
10411
363600
360843
2026-07-26T05:13:01Z
en>Ahechtbot
0
[[Wikipedia:BOT|Bot]]: Updated page.
363600
Scribunto
text/plain
return {
["R"] = 36000,
["R/ref"] = 36000,
["R/superscript"] = 112000,
["R/where"] = 112000,
["RA"] = 11000,
["RCS"] = 5400,
["REVISIONUSER2"] = 65000,
["RMS"] = 6400,
["RMnac"] = 3200,
["ROM"] = 2700,
["ROU"] = 7600,
["RSA"] = 5100,
["RSS-Atom_feed_notice"] = 222000,
["RTGS"] = 2700,
["RT_data"] = 4100,
["RUS"] = 15000,
["R_Wikidata"] = 2200,
["R_alt"] = 2900,
["R_ambig"] = 16000,
["R_avoided_double_redirect"] = 200000,
["R_cat_shell"] = 12000,
["R_category_shell"] = 15000,
["R_from_ASCII-only"] = 236000,
["R_from_ATC_code"] = 4700,
["R_from_ATCvet_code"] = 5400,
["R_from_British_English"] = 2600,
["R_from_DOI_prefix"] = 7600,
["R_from_IMO_number"] = 4500,
["R_from_ISO_4"] = 42000,
["R_from_ISO_4_abbreviation"] = 47000,
["R_from_ISO_639"] = 8800,
["R_from_ISO_639_code"] = 9000,
["R_from_NLM"] = 4600,
["R_from_NLM_abbreviation"] = 4700,
["R_from_UK_road"] = 3000,
["R_from_UN/LOCODE"] = 7100,
["R_from_US_postal_abbreviation"] = 43000,
["R_from_Unicode"] = 28000,
["R_from_Unicode_character"] = 32000,
["R_from_abbreviation"] = 27000,
["R_from_acronym"] = 2900,
["R_from_adjective"] = 7800,
["R_from_airport_code"] = 7000,
["R_from_album"] = 18000,
["R_from_alt_name"] = 5100,
["R_from_alternate_name"] = 20000,
["R_from_alternate_spelling"] = 7200,
["R_from_alternative_capitalisation"] = 9100,
["R_from_alternative_capitalization"] = 4600,
["R_from_alternative_disambiguation"] = 6300,
["R_from_alternative_hyphenation"] = 315000,
["R_from_alternative_language"] = 90000,
["R_from_alternative_name"] = 297000,
["R_from_alternative_punctuation"] = 33000,
["R_from_alternative_scientific_name"] = 160000,
["R_from_alternative_spacing"] = 16000,
["R_from_alternative_spelling"] = 79000,
["R_from_alternative_title"] = 10000,
["R_from_alternative_transliteration"] = 7200,
["R_from_ambiguous"] = 3000,
["R_from_ambiguous_page"] = 7800,
["R_from_ambiguous_sort_name"] = 40000,
["R_from_ambiguous_term"] = 53000,
["R_from_avoided_double_redirect"] = 7500,
["R_from_birth_name"] = 13000,
["R_from_book"] = 5300,
["R_from_case_citation"] = 3300,
["R_from_category_navigation"] = 4400,
["R_from_chemical_formula"] = 9200,
["R_from_comment_subpage"] = 22000,
["R_from_diacritic"] = 11000,
["R_from_diacritics"] = 2100,
["R_from_domain_name"] = 14000,
["R_from_draft"] = 3900,
["R_from_draft_namespace"] = 5900,
["R_from_drug_trade_name"] = 23000,
["R_from_emoji"] = 3400,
["R_from_fictional_character"] = 57000,
["R_from_fictional_element"] = 5400,
["R_from_fictional_location"] = 2300,
["R_from_former_name"] = 32000,
["R_from_full_name"] = 13000,
["R_from_gene_symbol"] = 10000,
["R_from_given_name"] = 3200,
["R_from_incomplete_disambiguation"] = 61000,
["R_from_incomplete_name"] = 2600,
["R_from_incorrect_disambiguation"] = 5600,
["R_from_incorrect_name"] = 14000,
["R_from_initialism"] = 26000,
["R_from_initials"] = 3600,
["R_from_legislation"] = 3300,
["R_from_less_specific_name"] = 5100,
["R_from_list_topic"] = 21000,
["R_from_long"] = 6500,
["R_from_long_name"] = 106000,
["R_from_longer_name"] = 17000,
["R_from_member"] = 6600,
["R_from_merge"] = 77000,
["R_from_miscapitalisation"] = 42000,
["R_from_miscapitalization"] = 5900,
["R_from_misspelling"] = 68000,
["R_from_modification"] = 464000,
["R_from_molecular_formula"] = 6800,
["R_from_monotypic_taxon"] = 8000,
["R_from_more_specific_geographic_name"] = 2800,
["R_from_more_specific_name"] = 6100,
["R_from_move"] = 3030000,
["R_from_move/except"] = 3030000,
["R_from_name_with_title"] = 6500,
["R_from_nickname"] = 3100,
["R_from_old_AfC_draft"] = 29000,
["R_from_other_capitalisation"] = 417000,
["R_from_other_capitalization"] = 6500,
["R_from_other_disambiguation"] = 20000,
["R_from_other_language"] = 2900,
["R_from_other_name"] = 8100,
["R_from_other_punctuation"] = 2000,
["R_from_other_spelling"] = 2800,
["R_from_person"] = 14000,
["R_from_personal_name"] = 2800,
["R_from_plural"] = 38000,
["R_from_product_name"] = 2500,
["R_from_pseudonym"] = 2900,
["R_from_railroad_name_with_ampersand"] = 2300,
["R_from_related_term"] = 2200,
["R_from_related_topic"] = 7100,
["R_from_related_word"] = 17000,
["R_from_remote_page"] = 12000,
["R_from_remote_talk_page"] = 30000,
["R_from_school"] = 3500,
["R_from_scientific_name"] = 36000,
["R_from_short"] = 5200,
["R_from_short_name"] = 116000,
["R_from_shortcut"] = 46000,
["R_from_shorter_name"] = 2500,
["R_from_shorter_title"] = 5100,
["R_from_song"] = 59000,
["R_from_sort_name"] = 186000,
["R_from_species_to_genus"] = 4800,
["R_from_subpage"] = 41000,
["R_from_subtopic"] = 81000,
["R_from_surname"] = 33000,
["R_from_symbol"] = 3100,
["R_from_synonym"] = 6500,
["R_from_taxonomic_synonym"] = 2500,
["R_from_television_episode"] = 63000,
["R_from_template_shortcut"] = 4700,
["R_from_title_with_diacritics"] = 5900,
["R_from_title_without_diacritics"] = 392000,
["R_from_trade_name"] = 23000,
["R_from_typo"] = 4000,
["R_from_unnecessary_disambiguation"] = 47000,
["R_from_work"] = 2800,
["R_from_year"] = 4100,
["R_hatnote"] = 3000,
["R_list_topic"] = 11000,
["R_mentioned_in_hatnote"] = 12000,
["R_miscap"] = 3000,
["R_move"] = 2300,
["R_printworthy"] = 93000,
["R_protected"] = 11000,
["R_protected/excon"] = 2500,
["R_protected/semi"] = 6300,
["R_sect"] = 3500,
["R_section"] = 24000,
["R_shell"] = 20000,
["R_to_Swiss_municipality_(,_Switzerland)"] = 2300,
["R_to_Swiss_municipality_(canton)"] = 3500,
["R_to_Swiss_municipality_2L"] = 2600,
["R_to_TV_episode_list_entry"] = 9100,
["R_to_alternative_scientific_name"] = 3100,
["R_to_anchor"] = 112000,
["R_to_category_namespace"] = 6500,
["R_to_century"] = 2700,
["R_to_diacritic"] = 422000,
["R_to_diacritics"] = 3900,
["R_to_disambiguation"] = 4000,
["R_to_disambiguation_page"] = 289000,
["R_to_list"] = 39000,
["R_to_list_entry"] = 94000,
["R_to_monotypic_taxon"] = 17000,
["R_to_plural"] = 4800,
["R_to_project"] = 2600,
["R_to_project_namespace"] = 25000,
["R_to_redirect_template"] = 3300,
["R_to_related_topic"] = 95000,
["R_to_scientific_name"] = 104000,
["R_to_section"] = 425000,
["R_to_short_name"] = 4400,
["R_to_stub_template"] = 4300,
["R_to_subpage"] = 8000,
["R_to_subtopic"] = 4100,
["R_to_transliteration"] = 15000,
["R_unprintworthy"] = 98000,
["R_with_Wikidata_item"] = 49000,
["R_with_history"] = 21000,
["R_with_possibilities"] = 126000,
["Racing-Reference_driver"] = 2800,
["Radio_Relay"] = 3500,
["Radio_formats"] = 11000,
["Rail-interchange"] = 42000,
["RailGauge"] = 10000,
["Rail_color"] = 38000,
["Rail_color_box"] = 15000,
["Rail_icon"] = 22000,
["Rail_line"] = 9700,
["Rail_navbox_titlestyle"] = 14000,
["Rail_pass_box"] = 18000,
["Rail_start"] = 2100,
["Rail_template_doc"] = 2300,
["Railway-routemap"] = 4600,
["Railway_division_link"] = 5000,
["Railway_stations_in_countryname_opened_in_YYYY_category_header"] = 3100,
["Railway_stations_in_countryname_opened_or_closed_in_YYYY_category_header"] = 5300,
["Railway_stations_in_countryname_opened_or_closed_in_YYYY_category_header/core"] = 5300,
["Rand"] = 5300,
["Random_number"] = 5600,
["Random_page_in_category"] = 5600,
["Random_subpage"] = 7800,
["Ranking_movements"] = 4700,
["Rating"] = 101000,
["Rating-Christgau"] = 2700,
["Rayment"] = 2000,
["Rayment-hc"] = 6400,
["Razavi_Khorasan_Province"] = 2400,
["Rbox"] = 2200,
["Rcat_shell"] = 266000,
["Rcatsh"] = 9800,
["Rcatshell"] = 5600,
["Rcb"] = 10000,
["Rcr"] = 30000,
["Rcs"] = 4200,
["Re"] = 88000,
["Recent_AfDs"] = 5400,
["Recent_AfDs/core"] = 5400,
["Red"] = 54000,
["Redacted"] = 3200,
["Redirect"] = 61000,
["Redirect-Class"] = 13000,
["Redirect-distinguish"] = 5100,
["Redirect_category"] = 5000,
["Redirect_category_shell"] = 4100000,
["Redirect_from_modification"] = 3200,
["Redirect_from_move"] = 3700,
["Redirect_italic_title"] = 2100,
["Redirect_shell"] = 325000,
["Redirect_template"] = 7810000,
["Redirect_to_section"] = 3600,
["Redr"] = 9300,
["Ref"] = 24000,
["Ref."] = 2200,
["Ref_heading"] = 2500,
["Ref_improve"] = 2400,
["Ref_label"] = 13000,
["Refbegin"] = 225000,
["Refbegin/styles.css"] = 225000,
["Refend"] = 224000,
["Reference_column_heading"] = 11000,
["Reference_page"] = 79000,
["Refh"] = 4600,
["Refideas"] = 30000,
["Refimprove"] = 76000,
["Reflist"] = 6530000,
["Reflist-talk"] = 108000,
["Reflist-talk/styles.css"] = 109000,
["Reflist/styles.css"] = 6530000,
["Reflist_talk"] = 7900,
["Refn"] = 43000,
["Reftalk"] = 9400,
["Region_history_sidebar_title"] = 5900,
["Registration_required"] = 7700,
["Reign"] = 5700,
["Related_molecular_formulas"] = 2300,
["ReleaseVersionParameters"] = 2100,
["Release_version_parameters"] = 2100,
["Reliable_sources_for_medical_articles"] = 14000,
["Remove_accents"] = 9000,
["Remove_file_prefix"] = 2200,
["Remove_first_word"] = 190000,
["Remove_last_word"] = 21000,
["Repeat_vandal"] = 2700,
["Repeated_IP_abuse"] = 5200,
["Repeatvandal"] = 2200,
["Replace"] = 1530000,
["Reply"] = 24000,
["Reply_to"] = 370000,
["Replyto"] = 19000,
["Republican_Party_(US)/meta/shading"] = 19000,
["Reqmapin"] = 2500,
["Reqphoto"] = 73000,
["Request_and_endorse"] = 2400,
["Request_edit_button"] = 12000,
["Request_edit_button/styles.css"] = 12000,
["Requestandendorse"] = 2300,
["Resbox"] = 3300,
["Resize"] = 151000,
["Resizediv"] = 14000,
["Resolve_category_redirect"] = 1360000,
["Resolved"] = 18000,
["Respell"] = 23000,
["Respond"] = 75000,
["Resume-like"] = 4300,
["Retired"] = 11000,
["Retrieved"] = 3200,
["Reverse_date"] = 55000,
["Reviewer_topicon"] = 2700,
["RfA_watchlist_notice"] = 7200,
["Rfd_log_header"] = 7300,
["Ribbon_devices"] = 5200,
["Ribbon_devices/alt"] = 5200,
["Ribbon_devices/device"] = 4100,
["Ribbon_devices/device_layout"] = 4100,
["Ric"] = 17000,
["Right"] = 6600,
["Right_ascension"] = 11000,
["Rint"] = 31000,
["Rlp"] = 11000,
["Rlp/Positions"] = 11000,
["Rmri"] = 3900,
["Rnd"] = 8400,
["Rollback_topicon"] = 3300,
["Roman"] = 3200,
["Romania_metadata_Wikidata"] = 3200,
["RomanianSoccer"] = 2400,
["Rotten-tomatoes"] = 9100,
["Rotten_Tomatoes"] = 26000,
["Rotten_Tomatoes_data"] = 6500,
["Rotten_Tomatoes_prose"] = 6700,
["Round"] = 61000,
["Round4-with_third"] = 3500,
["Round_corners"] = 9600,
["Rounddown"] = 4100,
["RouteBox"] = 9900,
["Routemap"] = 30000,
["Routemap/embeded_text"] = 9400,
["Routemap/if_empty_codes"] = 5100,
["Routemap/styles.css"] = 30000,
["RoutemapRouteIcon"] = 4000,
["Row_hover_highlight"] = 2800,
["Row_hover_highlight/styles.css"] = 2800,
["Royal_Australian_Navy_ship"] = 6700,
["Royal_Canadian_Navy_ship"] = 5300,
["Royal_Mail_ship"] = 6400,
["Royal_Netherlands_Navy_ship"] = 3300,
["Rp"] = 75000,
["Rshell"] = 10000,
["Rtl-para"] = 2100,
["Rto"] = 3500,
["Ru"] = 3700,
["Ru-census"] = 7500,
["Ru-census2002"] = 5700,
["Ru-census2010"] = 7500,
["Ru-pop-ref"] = 9900,
["Rugby_box"] = 3600,
["Rugby_league_positions"] = 11000,
["Rugby_league_positions/Positions"] = 11000,
["Rugby_league_records"] = 2000,
["Rugby_league_squad2_coach"] = 2800,
["Rugby_union_team"] = 5300,
["Rugby_union_team/link"] = 5300,
["Rugbybox"] = 3600,
["RussiaAdmMunRef"] = 5800,
["Russia_Time_Zone_Wikidata"] = 6700,
["Russia_Time_Zone_Wikidata/getQID"] = 6500,
["Russia_by_federal_subject_category_navigation"] = 3000,
["Rut"] = 5300,
["Rwd"] = 5000,
["Rws"] = 27000,
["Module:R_avoided_double_redirect"] = 200000,
["Module:Rail-interchange_multi"] = 15000,
["Module:Random"] = 13000,
["Module:Ranking_movements"] = 4700,
["Module:Ranking_movements/styles.css"] = 4700,
["Module:Redirect"] = 4960000,
["Module:Redirect-distinguish"] = 5100,
["Module:RedirectData"] = 46000,
["Module:Redirect_hatnote"] = 64000,
["Module:Redirect_template"] = 7810000,
["Module:Redirect_template_handler"] = 29000,
["Module:Reply_to"] = 370000,
["Module:ResolveEntityId"] = 502000,
["Module:Resolve_category_redirect"] = 1760000,
["Module:Respell"] = 23000,
["Module:Rivals.com_recruit_url"] = 2500,
["Module:Road_data"] = 18000,
["Module:Road_data/RJL_types"] = 17000,
["Module:Road_data/banners/USA"] = 9500,
["Module:Road_data/browse"] = 18000,
["Module:Road_data/browsetable"] = 18000,
["Module:Road_data/browsetable/styles.css"] = 18000,
["Module:Road_data/countrymask"] = 35000,
["Module:Road_data/extra"] = 32000,
["Module:Road_data/locations"] = 12000,
["Module:Road_data/parser"] = 42000,
["Module:Road_data/parser/hooks"] = 20000,
["Module:Road_data/parser/namespace"] = 4300,
["Module:Road_data/size"] = 18000,
["Module:Road_data/strings/ASIA"] = 9100,
["Module:Road_data/strings/CAN"] = 5000,
["Module:Road_data/strings/EUR"] = 5800,
["Module:Road_data/strings/IND"] = 2300,
["Module:Road_data/strings/JPN"] = 3500,
["Module:Road_data/strings/USA"] = 21000,
["Module:Road_data/strings/USA/regional/GRR"] = 21000,
["Module:Road_data/strings/USA/regional/NER"] = 21000,
["Module:Road_data/strings/USA/regional/Tour"] = 21000,
["Module:Road_data/strings/USA/regional/Trails"] = 21000,
["Module:Road_data/util"] = 43000,
["Module:Roman"] = 6000,
["Module:Rotten_Tomatoes_data"] = 6500,
["Module:RoundN"] = 13000,
["Module:Routemap"] = 30000,
["Module:Rugby_box"] = 3600,
["Module:Russia_by_federal_subject_category_navigation"] = 3000,
}
gy1a4inorhopafgkr4u52lew8xl5b33
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ChiK
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೧ revisions imported from [[:en:Module:Transclusion_count/data/R]]
363600
Scribunto
text/plain
return {
["R"] = 36000,
["R/ref"] = 36000,
["R/superscript"] = 112000,
["R/where"] = 112000,
["RA"] = 11000,
["RCS"] = 5400,
["REVISIONUSER2"] = 65000,
["RMS"] = 6400,
["RMnac"] = 3200,
["ROM"] = 2700,
["ROU"] = 7600,
["RSA"] = 5100,
["RSS-Atom_feed_notice"] = 222000,
["RTGS"] = 2700,
["RT_data"] = 4100,
["RUS"] = 15000,
["R_Wikidata"] = 2200,
["R_alt"] = 2900,
["R_ambig"] = 16000,
["R_avoided_double_redirect"] = 200000,
["R_cat_shell"] = 12000,
["R_category_shell"] = 15000,
["R_from_ASCII-only"] = 236000,
["R_from_ATC_code"] = 4700,
["R_from_ATCvet_code"] = 5400,
["R_from_British_English"] = 2600,
["R_from_DOI_prefix"] = 7600,
["R_from_IMO_number"] = 4500,
["R_from_ISO_4"] = 42000,
["R_from_ISO_4_abbreviation"] = 47000,
["R_from_ISO_639"] = 8800,
["R_from_ISO_639_code"] = 9000,
["R_from_NLM"] = 4600,
["R_from_NLM_abbreviation"] = 4700,
["R_from_UK_road"] = 3000,
["R_from_UN/LOCODE"] = 7100,
["R_from_US_postal_abbreviation"] = 43000,
["R_from_Unicode"] = 28000,
["R_from_Unicode_character"] = 32000,
["R_from_abbreviation"] = 27000,
["R_from_acronym"] = 2900,
["R_from_adjective"] = 7800,
["R_from_airport_code"] = 7000,
["R_from_album"] = 18000,
["R_from_alt_name"] = 5100,
["R_from_alternate_name"] = 20000,
["R_from_alternate_spelling"] = 7200,
["R_from_alternative_capitalisation"] = 9100,
["R_from_alternative_capitalization"] = 4600,
["R_from_alternative_disambiguation"] = 6300,
["R_from_alternative_hyphenation"] = 315000,
["R_from_alternative_language"] = 90000,
["R_from_alternative_name"] = 297000,
["R_from_alternative_punctuation"] = 33000,
["R_from_alternative_scientific_name"] = 160000,
["R_from_alternative_spacing"] = 16000,
["R_from_alternative_spelling"] = 79000,
["R_from_alternative_title"] = 10000,
["R_from_alternative_transliteration"] = 7200,
["R_from_ambiguous"] = 3000,
["R_from_ambiguous_page"] = 7800,
["R_from_ambiguous_sort_name"] = 40000,
["R_from_ambiguous_term"] = 53000,
["R_from_avoided_double_redirect"] = 7500,
["R_from_birth_name"] = 13000,
["R_from_book"] = 5300,
["R_from_case_citation"] = 3300,
["R_from_category_navigation"] = 4400,
["R_from_chemical_formula"] = 9200,
["R_from_comment_subpage"] = 22000,
["R_from_diacritic"] = 11000,
["R_from_diacritics"] = 2100,
["R_from_domain_name"] = 14000,
["R_from_draft"] = 3900,
["R_from_draft_namespace"] = 5900,
["R_from_drug_trade_name"] = 23000,
["R_from_emoji"] = 3400,
["R_from_fictional_character"] = 57000,
["R_from_fictional_element"] = 5400,
["R_from_fictional_location"] = 2300,
["R_from_former_name"] = 32000,
["R_from_full_name"] = 13000,
["R_from_gene_symbol"] = 10000,
["R_from_given_name"] = 3200,
["R_from_incomplete_disambiguation"] = 61000,
["R_from_incomplete_name"] = 2600,
["R_from_incorrect_disambiguation"] = 5600,
["R_from_incorrect_name"] = 14000,
["R_from_initialism"] = 26000,
["R_from_initials"] = 3600,
["R_from_legislation"] = 3300,
["R_from_less_specific_name"] = 5100,
["R_from_list_topic"] = 21000,
["R_from_long"] = 6500,
["R_from_long_name"] = 106000,
["R_from_longer_name"] = 17000,
["R_from_member"] = 6600,
["R_from_merge"] = 77000,
["R_from_miscapitalisation"] = 42000,
["R_from_miscapitalization"] = 5900,
["R_from_misspelling"] = 68000,
["R_from_modification"] = 464000,
["R_from_molecular_formula"] = 6800,
["R_from_monotypic_taxon"] = 8000,
["R_from_more_specific_geographic_name"] = 2800,
["R_from_more_specific_name"] = 6100,
["R_from_move"] = 3030000,
["R_from_move/except"] = 3030000,
["R_from_name_with_title"] = 6500,
["R_from_nickname"] = 3100,
["R_from_old_AfC_draft"] = 29000,
["R_from_other_capitalisation"] = 417000,
["R_from_other_capitalization"] = 6500,
["R_from_other_disambiguation"] = 20000,
["R_from_other_language"] = 2900,
["R_from_other_name"] = 8100,
["R_from_other_punctuation"] = 2000,
["R_from_other_spelling"] = 2800,
["R_from_person"] = 14000,
["R_from_personal_name"] = 2800,
["R_from_plural"] = 38000,
["R_from_product_name"] = 2500,
["R_from_pseudonym"] = 2900,
["R_from_railroad_name_with_ampersand"] = 2300,
["R_from_related_term"] = 2200,
["R_from_related_topic"] = 7100,
["R_from_related_word"] = 17000,
["R_from_remote_page"] = 12000,
["R_from_remote_talk_page"] = 30000,
["R_from_school"] = 3500,
["R_from_scientific_name"] = 36000,
["R_from_short"] = 5200,
["R_from_short_name"] = 116000,
["R_from_shortcut"] = 46000,
["R_from_shorter_name"] = 2500,
["R_from_shorter_title"] = 5100,
["R_from_song"] = 59000,
["R_from_sort_name"] = 186000,
["R_from_species_to_genus"] = 4800,
["R_from_subpage"] = 41000,
["R_from_subtopic"] = 81000,
["R_from_surname"] = 33000,
["R_from_symbol"] = 3100,
["R_from_synonym"] = 6500,
["R_from_taxonomic_synonym"] = 2500,
["R_from_television_episode"] = 63000,
["R_from_template_shortcut"] = 4700,
["R_from_title_with_diacritics"] = 5900,
["R_from_title_without_diacritics"] = 392000,
["R_from_trade_name"] = 23000,
["R_from_typo"] = 4000,
["R_from_unnecessary_disambiguation"] = 47000,
["R_from_work"] = 2800,
["R_from_year"] = 4100,
["R_hatnote"] = 3000,
["R_list_topic"] = 11000,
["R_mentioned_in_hatnote"] = 12000,
["R_miscap"] = 3000,
["R_move"] = 2300,
["R_printworthy"] = 93000,
["R_protected"] = 11000,
["R_protected/excon"] = 2500,
["R_protected/semi"] = 6300,
["R_sect"] = 3500,
["R_section"] = 24000,
["R_shell"] = 20000,
["R_to_Swiss_municipality_(,_Switzerland)"] = 2300,
["R_to_Swiss_municipality_(canton)"] = 3500,
["R_to_Swiss_municipality_2L"] = 2600,
["R_to_TV_episode_list_entry"] = 9100,
["R_to_alternative_scientific_name"] = 3100,
["R_to_anchor"] = 112000,
["R_to_category_namespace"] = 6500,
["R_to_century"] = 2700,
["R_to_diacritic"] = 422000,
["R_to_diacritics"] = 3900,
["R_to_disambiguation"] = 4000,
["R_to_disambiguation_page"] = 289000,
["R_to_list"] = 39000,
["R_to_list_entry"] = 94000,
["R_to_monotypic_taxon"] = 17000,
["R_to_plural"] = 4800,
["R_to_project"] = 2600,
["R_to_project_namespace"] = 25000,
["R_to_redirect_template"] = 3300,
["R_to_related_topic"] = 95000,
["R_to_scientific_name"] = 104000,
["R_to_section"] = 425000,
["R_to_short_name"] = 4400,
["R_to_stub_template"] = 4300,
["R_to_subpage"] = 8000,
["R_to_subtopic"] = 4100,
["R_to_transliteration"] = 15000,
["R_unprintworthy"] = 98000,
["R_with_Wikidata_item"] = 49000,
["R_with_history"] = 21000,
["R_with_possibilities"] = 126000,
["Racing-Reference_driver"] = 2800,
["Radio_Relay"] = 3500,
["Radio_formats"] = 11000,
["Rail-interchange"] = 42000,
["RailGauge"] = 10000,
["Rail_color"] = 38000,
["Rail_color_box"] = 15000,
["Rail_icon"] = 22000,
["Rail_line"] = 9700,
["Rail_navbox_titlestyle"] = 14000,
["Rail_pass_box"] = 18000,
["Rail_start"] = 2100,
["Rail_template_doc"] = 2300,
["Railway-routemap"] = 4600,
["Railway_division_link"] = 5000,
["Railway_stations_in_countryname_opened_in_YYYY_category_header"] = 3100,
["Railway_stations_in_countryname_opened_or_closed_in_YYYY_category_header"] = 5300,
["Railway_stations_in_countryname_opened_or_closed_in_YYYY_category_header/core"] = 5300,
["Rand"] = 5300,
["Random_number"] = 5600,
["Random_page_in_category"] = 5600,
["Random_subpage"] = 7800,
["Ranking_movements"] = 4700,
["Rating"] = 101000,
["Rating-Christgau"] = 2700,
["Rayment"] = 2000,
["Rayment-hc"] = 6400,
["Razavi_Khorasan_Province"] = 2400,
["Rbox"] = 2200,
["Rcat_shell"] = 266000,
["Rcatsh"] = 9800,
["Rcatshell"] = 5600,
["Rcb"] = 10000,
["Rcr"] = 30000,
["Rcs"] = 4200,
["Re"] = 88000,
["Recent_AfDs"] = 5400,
["Recent_AfDs/core"] = 5400,
["Red"] = 54000,
["Redacted"] = 3200,
["Redirect"] = 61000,
["Redirect-Class"] = 13000,
["Redirect-distinguish"] = 5100,
["Redirect_category"] = 5000,
["Redirect_category_shell"] = 4100000,
["Redirect_from_modification"] = 3200,
["Redirect_from_move"] = 3700,
["Redirect_italic_title"] = 2100,
["Redirect_shell"] = 325000,
["Redirect_template"] = 7810000,
["Redirect_to_section"] = 3600,
["Redr"] = 9300,
["Ref"] = 24000,
["Ref."] = 2200,
["Ref_heading"] = 2500,
["Ref_improve"] = 2400,
["Ref_label"] = 13000,
["Refbegin"] = 225000,
["Refbegin/styles.css"] = 225000,
["Refend"] = 224000,
["Reference_column_heading"] = 11000,
["Reference_page"] = 79000,
["Refh"] = 4600,
["Refideas"] = 30000,
["Refimprove"] = 76000,
["Reflist"] = 6530000,
["Reflist-talk"] = 108000,
["Reflist-talk/styles.css"] = 109000,
["Reflist/styles.css"] = 6530000,
["Reflist_talk"] = 7900,
["Refn"] = 43000,
["Reftalk"] = 9400,
["Region_history_sidebar_title"] = 5900,
["Registration_required"] = 7700,
["Reign"] = 5700,
["Related_molecular_formulas"] = 2300,
["ReleaseVersionParameters"] = 2100,
["Release_version_parameters"] = 2100,
["Reliable_sources_for_medical_articles"] = 14000,
["Remove_accents"] = 9000,
["Remove_file_prefix"] = 2200,
["Remove_first_word"] = 190000,
["Remove_last_word"] = 21000,
["Repeat_vandal"] = 2700,
["Repeated_IP_abuse"] = 5200,
["Repeatvandal"] = 2200,
["Replace"] = 1530000,
["Reply"] = 24000,
["Reply_to"] = 370000,
["Replyto"] = 19000,
["Republican_Party_(US)/meta/shading"] = 19000,
["Reqmapin"] = 2500,
["Reqphoto"] = 73000,
["Request_and_endorse"] = 2400,
["Request_edit_button"] = 12000,
["Request_edit_button/styles.css"] = 12000,
["Requestandendorse"] = 2300,
["Resbox"] = 3300,
["Resize"] = 151000,
["Resizediv"] = 14000,
["Resolve_category_redirect"] = 1360000,
["Resolved"] = 18000,
["Respell"] = 23000,
["Respond"] = 75000,
["Resume-like"] = 4300,
["Retired"] = 11000,
["Retrieved"] = 3200,
["Reverse_date"] = 55000,
["Reviewer_topicon"] = 2700,
["RfA_watchlist_notice"] = 7200,
["Rfd_log_header"] = 7300,
["Ribbon_devices"] = 5200,
["Ribbon_devices/alt"] = 5200,
["Ribbon_devices/device"] = 4100,
["Ribbon_devices/device_layout"] = 4100,
["Ric"] = 17000,
["Right"] = 6600,
["Right_ascension"] = 11000,
["Rint"] = 31000,
["Rlp"] = 11000,
["Rlp/Positions"] = 11000,
["Rmri"] = 3900,
["Rnd"] = 8400,
["Rollback_topicon"] = 3300,
["Roman"] = 3200,
["Romania_metadata_Wikidata"] = 3200,
["RomanianSoccer"] = 2400,
["Rotten-tomatoes"] = 9100,
["Rotten_Tomatoes"] = 26000,
["Rotten_Tomatoes_data"] = 6500,
["Rotten_Tomatoes_prose"] = 6700,
["Round"] = 61000,
["Round4-with_third"] = 3500,
["Round_corners"] = 9600,
["Rounddown"] = 4100,
["RouteBox"] = 9900,
["Routemap"] = 30000,
["Routemap/embeded_text"] = 9400,
["Routemap/if_empty_codes"] = 5100,
["Routemap/styles.css"] = 30000,
["RoutemapRouteIcon"] = 4000,
["Row_hover_highlight"] = 2800,
["Row_hover_highlight/styles.css"] = 2800,
["Royal_Australian_Navy_ship"] = 6700,
["Royal_Canadian_Navy_ship"] = 5300,
["Royal_Mail_ship"] = 6400,
["Royal_Netherlands_Navy_ship"] = 3300,
["Rp"] = 75000,
["Rshell"] = 10000,
["Rtl-para"] = 2100,
["Rto"] = 3500,
["Ru"] = 3700,
["Ru-census"] = 7500,
["Ru-census2002"] = 5700,
["Ru-census2010"] = 7500,
["Ru-pop-ref"] = 9900,
["Rugby_box"] = 3600,
["Rugby_league_positions"] = 11000,
["Rugby_league_positions/Positions"] = 11000,
["Rugby_league_records"] = 2000,
["Rugby_league_squad2_coach"] = 2800,
["Rugby_union_team"] = 5300,
["Rugby_union_team/link"] = 5300,
["Rugbybox"] = 3600,
["RussiaAdmMunRef"] = 5800,
["Russia_Time_Zone_Wikidata"] = 6700,
["Russia_Time_Zone_Wikidata/getQID"] = 6500,
["Russia_by_federal_subject_category_navigation"] = 3000,
["Rut"] = 5300,
["Rwd"] = 5000,
["Rws"] = 27000,
["Module:R_avoided_double_redirect"] = 200000,
["Module:Rail-interchange_multi"] = 15000,
["Module:Random"] = 13000,
["Module:Ranking_movements"] = 4700,
["Module:Ranking_movements/styles.css"] = 4700,
["Module:Redirect"] = 4960000,
["Module:Redirect-distinguish"] = 5100,
["Module:RedirectData"] = 46000,
["Module:Redirect_hatnote"] = 64000,
["Module:Redirect_template"] = 7810000,
["Module:Redirect_template_handler"] = 29000,
["Module:Reply_to"] = 370000,
["Module:ResolveEntityId"] = 502000,
["Module:Resolve_category_redirect"] = 1760000,
["Module:Respell"] = 23000,
["Module:Rivals.com_recruit_url"] = 2500,
["Module:Road_data"] = 18000,
["Module:Road_data/RJL_types"] = 17000,
["Module:Road_data/banners/USA"] = 9500,
["Module:Road_data/browse"] = 18000,
["Module:Road_data/browsetable"] = 18000,
["Module:Road_data/browsetable/styles.css"] = 18000,
["Module:Road_data/countrymask"] = 35000,
["Module:Road_data/extra"] = 32000,
["Module:Road_data/locations"] = 12000,
["Module:Road_data/parser"] = 42000,
["Module:Road_data/parser/hooks"] = 20000,
["Module:Road_data/parser/namespace"] = 4300,
["Module:Road_data/size"] = 18000,
["Module:Road_data/strings/ASIA"] = 9100,
["Module:Road_data/strings/CAN"] = 5000,
["Module:Road_data/strings/EUR"] = 5800,
["Module:Road_data/strings/IND"] = 2300,
["Module:Road_data/strings/JPN"] = 3500,
["Module:Road_data/strings/USA"] = 21000,
["Module:Road_data/strings/USA/regional/GRR"] = 21000,
["Module:Road_data/strings/USA/regional/NER"] = 21000,
["Module:Road_data/strings/USA/regional/Tour"] = 21000,
["Module:Road_data/strings/USA/regional/Trails"] = 21000,
["Module:Road_data/util"] = 43000,
["Module:Roman"] = 6000,
["Module:Rotten_Tomatoes_data"] = 6500,
["Module:RoundN"] = 13000,
["Module:Routemap"] = 30000,
["Module:Rugby_box"] = 3600,
["Module:Russia_by_federal_subject_category_navigation"] = 3000,
}
gy1a4inorhopafgkr4u52lew8xl5b33
ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Always substitute
10
11303
363620
363033
2026-07-23T14:10:23Z
en>Oshwah
0
Added update to allow 'can' to be 'yesnomaybe' and to stabilize parameter input. The switch now lower-cases 'yesnomaybe' when comparing.
363620
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{{{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst|main|$B=
{{Ombox
| style = text-align: center;
| name = Subst only
| type = notice
| text = This template <strong>{{#switch:{{lc:{{{yesnomaybe|}}}}}|can|may={{lc:{{{yesnomaybe}}}}} be [[Help:Substitution|substituted]]</strong> by using <!--
--><strong>{{{actualtemplate|{{template other|{{Tls|{{#switch:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|doc|sandbox={{BASEPAGENAME}}|#default={{PAGENAME}}}}}}|{{Tlsu|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}}}</strong>|never=should <em>not</em> be [[Help:Substitution|substituted]]</strong> – use <!--
--><strong>{{{actualtemplate|{{template other|{{Tl|{{#switch:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|doc|sandbox={{BASEPAGENAME}}|#default={{PAGENAME}}}}}}|{{tlu|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}}}</strong>|#default=should <em>always</em> be [[Help:Substitution|substituted]]</strong> – use <!--
--><strong>{{{actualtemplate|{{template other|{{Tls|{{#switch:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|doc|sandbox={{BASEPAGENAME}}|#default={{PAGENAME}}}}}}|{{Tlsu|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}}}</strong>}}. <!--
-->{{#if:{{yesno|{{{auto|no}}}}}|Any accidental transclusions will be automatically substituted by a bot.{{{1|}}}{{#if:{{yesno|{{{nocat|}}}}}|<!--no categorization-->|{{#switch:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|doc|sandbox=|#default=[[Category:Wikipedia templates to be automatically substituted]]}}}}}} <!--
-->{{#if:{{{alt|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{auto|}}}|yes|<br/>}}For [[Help:Transclusion|transclusion]], use <strong>{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE:{{{alt}}}}}|Template|{{Tlu|{{PAGENAME:{{{alt}}}}}}}|{{Tlg|{{{alt}}}}}}}</strong> instead.}}
}}{{#if:{{yesno|{{{nocat|<noinclude>true</noinclude>}}}}}|<!--no categorization-->|{{#switch:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|doc|sandbox=|#default={{#switch:{{{yesnomaybe|}}}
|never=[[Category:Wikipedia never-substituted templates]]
|may=<!--No applicable category-->
|#default=[[Category:Wikipedia substituted templates]]{{#ifexpr: 0{{Find page text |text=<!%-%- *{{NAMESPACE}}:[{{lc:{{str left|{{Lua escape|{{{1|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}|1}}}}{{uc:{{str left|{{Lua escape|{{{1|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}|1}}}}]{{str right|{{Lua escape|{{{1|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}|1}} *%-%-> |title={{FULLPAGENAME}} |plain=f}} > 0 | [[Category:Templates with matching hidden id]]}}
}}}}}}}}<includeonly>__EXPECTUNUSEDTEMPLATE__</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentation}}</noinclude>
jog931h4tkdfg1wvq1owdxzm7bwmlka
363621
363620
2026-07-30T16:49:28Z
ChiK
1136
೧ revisions imported from [[:en:Template:Always_substitute]]
363620
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{{{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst|main|$B=
{{Ombox
| style = text-align: center;
| name = Subst only
| type = notice
| text = This template <strong>{{#switch:{{lc:{{{yesnomaybe|}}}}}|can|may={{lc:{{{yesnomaybe}}}}} be [[Help:Substitution|substituted]]</strong> by using <!--
--><strong>{{{actualtemplate|{{template other|{{Tls|{{#switch:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|doc|sandbox={{BASEPAGENAME}}|#default={{PAGENAME}}}}}}|{{Tlsu|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}}}</strong>|never=should <em>not</em> be [[Help:Substitution|substituted]]</strong> – use <!--
--><strong>{{{actualtemplate|{{template other|{{Tl|{{#switch:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|doc|sandbox={{BASEPAGENAME}}|#default={{PAGENAME}}}}}}|{{tlu|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}}}</strong>|#default=should <em>always</em> be [[Help:Substitution|substituted]]</strong> – use <!--
--><strong>{{{actualtemplate|{{template other|{{Tls|{{#switch:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|doc|sandbox={{BASEPAGENAME}}|#default={{PAGENAME}}}}}}|{{Tlsu|{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}}}</strong>}}. <!--
-->{{#if:{{yesno|{{{auto|no}}}}}|Any accidental transclusions will be automatically substituted by a bot.{{{1|}}}{{#if:{{yesno|{{{nocat|}}}}}|<!--no categorization-->|{{#switch:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|doc|sandbox=|#default=[[Category:Wikipedia templates to be automatically substituted]]}}}}}} <!--
-->{{#if:{{{alt|}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{auto|}}}|yes|<br/>}}For [[Help:Transclusion|transclusion]], use <strong>{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE:{{{alt}}}}}|Template|{{Tlu|{{PAGENAME:{{{alt}}}}}}}|{{Tlg|{{{alt}}}}}}}</strong> instead.}}
}}{{#if:{{yesno|{{{nocat|<noinclude>true</noinclude>}}}}}|<!--no categorization-->|{{#switch:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|doc|sandbox=|#default={{#switch:{{{yesnomaybe|}}}
|never=[[Category:Wikipedia never-substituted templates]]
|may=<!--No applicable category-->
|#default=[[Category:Wikipedia substituted templates]]{{#ifexpr: 0{{Find page text |text=<!%-%- *{{NAMESPACE}}:[{{lc:{{str left|{{Lua escape|{{{1|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}|1}}}}{{uc:{{str left|{{Lua escape|{{{1|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}|1}}}}]{{str right|{{Lua escape|{{{1|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}|1}} *%-%-> |title={{FULLPAGENAME}} |plain=f}} > 0 | [[Category:Templates with matching hidden id]]}}
}}}}}}}}<includeonly>__EXPECTUNUSEDTEMPLATE__</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentation}}</noinclude>
jog931h4tkdfg1wvq1owdxzm7bwmlka
ಮೋಡ್ಯೂಲ್:Transclusion count/data/N
828
11315
363574
360679
2026-07-26T05:12:21Z
en>Ahechtbot
0
[[Wikipedia:BOT|Bot]]: Updated page.
363574
Scribunto
text/plain
return {
["N"] = 3100,
["N.b."] = 3000,
["N/A"] = 23000,
["N/a"] = 66000,
["NA"] = 2400,
["NA-Class"] = 15000,
["NASCAR_next_race"] = 2400,
["NASTRO_comment"] = 33000,
["NBA_Draft_template_list"] = 3600,
["NBA_Year"] = 6100,
["NBA_color"] = 3800,
["NBA_color_cell"] = 4600,
["NBA_color_cell2"] = 3600,
["NBA_player_statistics_legend"] = 5900,
["NBA_player_statistics_start"] = 5000,
["NBA_roster_footer"] = 2300,
["NBA_roster_header"] = 2200,
["NCAA_color_cell"] = 12000,
["NCAA_secondary_color_cell"] = 5000,
["NCES_District_ID"] = 3500,
["NED"] = 11000,
["NEXTYEAR"] = 10000,
["NFLAltPrimaryStyle"] = 2600,
["NFLPrimaryStyle"] = 28000,
["NFLSecondaryColor"] = 17000,
["NFL_Year"] = 30000,
["NFL_predraft"] = 10000,
["NFL_predraft/check"] = 10000,
["NFL_predraft/ftin"] = 10000,
["NFLplayer"] = 2300,
["NFPA_704_diamond"] = 2000,
["NFPA_704_diamond/styles.css"] = 2000,
["NFPA_704_diamond/text"] = 2000,
["NFT"] = 7900,
["NFT_player"] = 33000,
["NGA"] = 3500,
["NGR"] = 2700,
["NHLE"] = 23000,
["NHLS_url"] = 2100,
["NLD"] = 13000,
["NLM_content"] = 2800,
["NOINDEX"] = 509000,
["NOMIS2011"] = 2200,
["NOR"] = 10000,
["NPG_name"] = 2200,
["NRDB_species"] = 7200,
["NRHPGoogleMapFootnote"] = 2500,
["NRHP_Focus"] = 74000,
["NRHP_color"] = 3700,
["NRHP_date_for_lists"] = 3100,
["NRHP_date_for_lists/dates"] = 3100,
["NRHP_header"] = 3400,
["NRHP_navigation_box"] = 17000,
["NRHP_row"] = 3400,
["NRHP_style"] = 72000,
["NRHP_url"] = 30000,
["NRHP_url/core"] = 32000,
["NRISref"] = 74000,
["NRT"] = 2300,
["NSWcity"] = 2000,
["NSWcity/core"] = 2000,
["NUMBEROFSECTIONS"] = 4600,
["NYCS_br"] = 2800,
["NYCS_time_2"] = 3200,
["NZL"] = 7400,
["NZ_electorate_link"] = 2500,
["Na"] = 4400,
["Nac"] = 4000,
["Namespace_detect"] = 476000,
["Namespace_detect_showall"] = 12000,
["Nastaliq"] = 11000,
["Nat_fs_end"] = 2900,
["NationalArchivesNote"] = 8100,
["National_Film_Awards/style"] = 2100,
["National_Heritage_List_for_England"] = 27000,
["National_Register_of_Historic_Places"] = 22000,
["National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_New_York"] = 4800,
["National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_Pennsylvania"] = 3300,
["National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_Virginia"] = 3100,
["National_basketball_squad"] = 3200,
["National_field_hockey_squad"] = 4400,
["National_football_squad_start/styles.css"] = 2600,
["National_men's_basketball_team"] = 4200,
["National_men's_cricket_team"] = 5000,
["National_men's_cricket_team_right"] = 2400,
["National_men's_ice_hockey_team"] = 8100,
["National_men's_volleyball_team"] = 2500,
["National_rugby_union_team"] = 6600,
["National_squad"] = 45000,
["National_squad_no_numbers"] = 16000,
["National_women's_volleyball_team"] = 2100,
["Native_name"] = 37000,
["Native_name_checker"] = 86000,
["Native_name_list"] = 5400,
["Nav_year_links"] = 2500,
["Naval"] = 5500,
["Naval/core"] = 5500,
["Navbar"] = 41000,
["Navbar-collapsible"] = 3400,
["Navbar-header"] = 17000,
["Navbar-header/styles.css"] = 17000,
["Navbox"] = 3070000,
["Navbox_GR_munic"] = 3700,
["Navbox_Musical_artist"] = 9700,
["Navbox_Ukraine_district"] = 2500,
["Navbox_bottom"] = 17000,
["Navbox_decade_list"] = 12000,
["Navbox_documentation"] = 56000,
["Navbox_ice_hockey"] = 3400,
["Navbox_musical_artist"] = 246000,
["Navbox_musical_artist/styles.css"] = 246000,
["Navbox_rugby_league_squad"] = 5100,
["Navbox_season_by_team"] = 3200,
["Navbox_top"] = 17000,
["Navbox_visibility"] = 56000,
["Navbox_with_collapsible_groups"] = 159000,
["Navbox_with_collapsible_sections"] = 3000,
["Navbox_with_columns"] = 26000,
["Navboxes"] = 68000,
["Navboxes_colour"] = 2100,
["Navseasoncats"] = 124000,
["Navseasoncats_with_centuries_below_decade"] = 6600,
["Navseasoncats_with_decades_below_year"] = 16000,
["Navsource"] = 5400,
["Navy"] = 20000,
["Navy/core"] = 20000,
["Nay"] = 7000,
["Nbay"] = 6100,
["Nbh"] = 2100,
["Nbnd"] = 2700,
["Nbs"] = 19000,
["Nbsp"] = 547000,
["Nbsp_to_space"] = 25000,
["Ndash"] = 30000,
["Nee"] = 17000,
["NeilBrownPlayers"] = 3100,
["Net_register_tonnage"] = 2300,
["Netflix_title"] = 2300,
["New_user_bar"] = 57000,
["Newbot"] = 4500,
["Next_period"] = 26000,
["Nfly"] = 2500,
["Nihongo"] = 108000,
["Nihongo2"] = 13000,
["Nihongo_foot"] = 4000,
["No"] = 12000,
["No."] = 15000,
["No2"] = 13000,
["NoSpam"] = 4000,
["NoSpamEmail"] = 17000,
["No_bold"] = 3000,
["No_col_break"] = 2300,
["No_col_break/styles.css"] = 2300,
["No_documentation"] = 3800,
["No_footnotes"] = 55000,
["No_ping"] = 416000,
["No_ping2"] = 2300,
["No_plot"] = 12000,
["No_redirect"] = 725000,
["No_significant_coverage_(sports)"] = 5200,
["No_spam"] = 330000,
["No_wrap"] = 3400,
["Nobold"] = 477000,
["Nobold/styles.css"] = 477000,
["Nobr"] = 7300,
["Nobreak"] = 980000,
["Nochange"] = 3000,
["Noindex"] = 4900,
["Noitalic"] = 5600,
["Noitalic/styles.css"] = 5600,
["Nom"] = 48000,
["Nominated"] = 54000,
["Non-English-language_text_category"] = 3800,
["Non-admin_closure"] = 4200,
["Non-admin_closure_(requested_moves)"] = 4600,
["Non-admin_comment"] = 3700,
["Non-album_single"] = 4200,
["Non-album_singles"] = 3100,
["Non-diffusing"] = 4700,
["Non-diffusing_parent_category"] = 4500,
["Non-diffusing_subcategory"] = 37000,
["Non-free_2D_art"] = 7800,
["Non-free_3D_art"] = 2700,
["Non-free_album_cover"] = 222000,
["Non-free_audio_sample"] = 9000,
["Non-free_biog-pic"] = 37000,
["Non-free_book_cover"] = 64000,
["Non-free_character"] = 3200,
["Non-free_comic"] = 11000,
["Non-free_fair_use"] = 15000,
["Non-free_fair_use_in"] = 12000,
["Non-free_file_with_no_commercial_use_license"] = 2500,
["Non-free_film_poster"] = 105000,
["Non-free_film_screenshot"] = 4800,
["Non-free_game_cover"] = 8600,
["Non-free_game_screenshot"] = 5500,
["Non-free_historic_image"] = 18000,
["Non-free_image_data"] = 8100,
["Non-free_image_rationale"] = 9000,
["Non-free_logo"] = 161000,
["Non-free_magazine_cover"] = 9900,
["Non-free_media"] = 820000,
["Non-free_media_data"] = 9500,
["Non-free_media_rationale"] = 11000,
["Non-free_music_video_screenshot"] = 2100,
["Non-free_newspaper_image"] = 2200,
["Non-free_poster"] = 23000,
["Non-free_promotional"] = 6000,
["Non-free_school_logo"] = 11000,
["Non-free_seal"] = 9300,
["Non-free_symbol"] = 5800,
["Non-free_television_screenshot"] = 12000,
["Non-free_title-card"] = 12000,
["Non-free_use_rationale"] = 766000,
["Non-free_use_rationale/styles.css"] = 775000,
["Non-free_use_rationale_2"] = 242000,
["Non-free_use_rationale_album_cover"] = 151000,
["Non-free_use_rationale_biog"] = 2700,
["Non-free_use_rationale_book_cover"] = 20000,
["Non-free_use_rationale_logo"] = 127000,
["Non-free_use_rationale_poster"] = 63000,
["Non-free_use_rationale_title-card"] = 4500,
["Non-free_use_rationale_video_cover"] = 6500,
["Non-free_use_rationale_video_game_cover"] = 11000,
["Non-free_video_cover"] = 17000,
["Non-free_video_game_cover"] = 23000,
["Non-free_video_game_cover/platform"] = 23000,
["Non-free_video_game_screenshot"] = 12000,
["Non-free_video_game_screenshot/platform"] = 11000,
["Non-free_with_NC"] = 2300,
["Non_breaking_en_dash"] = 2800,
["Non_breaking_hyphen"] = 3100,
["Nonumtoc"] = 3300,
["Nonumtoc/styles.css"] = 3300,
["Noping"] = 388000,
["Noprint"] = 2400,
["Noredirect"] = 8800,
["Normal"] = 9700,
["Normalwraplink"] = 7100,
["North_America_topic"] = 3800,
["Nospam"] = 5400,
["Not-PD-US-expired-min-year"] = 64000,
["Not_a_ballot"] = 8500,
["Not_a_typo"] = 14000,
["Not_around"] = 11000,
["Not_done"] = 29000,
["Notability"] = 59000,
["Notavote"] = 2300,
["Notdone"] = 6200,
["Note"] = 27000,
["NoteFoot"] = 5600,
["NoteTag"] = 6000,
["Note_label"] = 9500,
["Notelist"] = 331000,
["Notelist-lr"] = 5100,
["Notelist-talk"] = 2000,
["Notelist-ua"] = 9300,
["Notes"] = 4200,
["Noteslist"] = 4900,
["Notice"] = 122000,
["Nowiki_="] = 2300,
["Nowrap"] = 1910000,
["Np"] = 5700,
["Npby"] = 2900,
["Nq"] = 4700,
["Nrut"] = 6600,
["Ns"] = 3200,
["Ns0"] = 86000,
["Ns_has_subpages"] = 3830000,
["Nts"] = 22000,
["Ntsh"] = 3700,
["Number_table_sorting"] = 41000,
["Number_table_sorting_hidden"] = 3700,
["Numero"] = 4600,
["Nutshell"] = 5100,
["Nw="] = 2300,
["Née"] = 4100,
["Module:NUMBEROFSECTIONS"] = 4600,
["Module:Namespace_detect"] = 540000,
["Module:Namespace_detect/config"] = 5200000,
["Module:Namespace_detect/data"] = 5200000,
["Module:National_squad"] = 59000,
["Module:Native_name"] = 121000,
["Module:Navbar"] = 5180000,
["Module:Navbar/configuration"] = 5180000,
["Module:Navbar/styles.css"] = 5180000,
["Module:Navbox"] = 4850000,
["Module:Navbox/configuration"] = 4850000,
["Module:Navbox/styles.css"] = 4850000,
["Module:Navbox_ice_hockey"] = 3400,
["Module:Navbox_top_and_bottom"] = 17000,
["Module:Navbox_with_collapsible_groups"] = 8100,
["Module:Navboxes"] = 70000,
["Module:Nihongo"] = 112000,
["Module:No_ping"] = 500000,
["Module:Noinclude"] = 61000,
["Module:Normalize_volume_and_edition"] = 3600,
["Module:Ns_has_subpages"] = 3830000,
["Module:Number_table_sorting"] = 43000,
}
8k9c6lg7zw5hgpbhkdcgzczuk9t6t9j
363575
363574
2026-07-30T16:36:57Z
ChiK
1136
೧ revisions imported from [[:en:Module:Transclusion_count/data/N]]
363574
Scribunto
text/plain
return {
["N"] = 3100,
["N.b."] = 3000,
["N/A"] = 23000,
["N/a"] = 66000,
["NA"] = 2400,
["NA-Class"] = 15000,
["NASCAR_next_race"] = 2400,
["NASTRO_comment"] = 33000,
["NBA_Draft_template_list"] = 3600,
["NBA_Year"] = 6100,
["NBA_color"] = 3800,
["NBA_color_cell"] = 4600,
["NBA_color_cell2"] = 3600,
["NBA_player_statistics_legend"] = 5900,
["NBA_player_statistics_start"] = 5000,
["NBA_roster_footer"] = 2300,
["NBA_roster_header"] = 2200,
["NCAA_color_cell"] = 12000,
["NCAA_secondary_color_cell"] = 5000,
["NCES_District_ID"] = 3500,
["NED"] = 11000,
["NEXTYEAR"] = 10000,
["NFLAltPrimaryStyle"] = 2600,
["NFLPrimaryStyle"] = 28000,
["NFLSecondaryColor"] = 17000,
["NFL_Year"] = 30000,
["NFL_predraft"] = 10000,
["NFL_predraft/check"] = 10000,
["NFL_predraft/ftin"] = 10000,
["NFLplayer"] = 2300,
["NFPA_704_diamond"] = 2000,
["NFPA_704_diamond/styles.css"] = 2000,
["NFPA_704_diamond/text"] = 2000,
["NFT"] = 7900,
["NFT_player"] = 33000,
["NGA"] = 3500,
["NGR"] = 2700,
["NHLE"] = 23000,
["NHLS_url"] = 2100,
["NLD"] = 13000,
["NLM_content"] = 2800,
["NOINDEX"] = 509000,
["NOMIS2011"] = 2200,
["NOR"] = 10000,
["NPG_name"] = 2200,
["NRDB_species"] = 7200,
["NRHPGoogleMapFootnote"] = 2500,
["NRHP_Focus"] = 74000,
["NRHP_color"] = 3700,
["NRHP_date_for_lists"] = 3100,
["NRHP_date_for_lists/dates"] = 3100,
["NRHP_header"] = 3400,
["NRHP_navigation_box"] = 17000,
["NRHP_row"] = 3400,
["NRHP_style"] = 72000,
["NRHP_url"] = 30000,
["NRHP_url/core"] = 32000,
["NRISref"] = 74000,
["NRT"] = 2300,
["NSWcity"] = 2000,
["NSWcity/core"] = 2000,
["NUMBEROFSECTIONS"] = 4600,
["NYCS_br"] = 2800,
["NYCS_time_2"] = 3200,
["NZL"] = 7400,
["NZ_electorate_link"] = 2500,
["Na"] = 4400,
["Nac"] = 4000,
["Namespace_detect"] = 476000,
["Namespace_detect_showall"] = 12000,
["Nastaliq"] = 11000,
["Nat_fs_end"] = 2900,
["NationalArchivesNote"] = 8100,
["National_Film_Awards/style"] = 2100,
["National_Heritage_List_for_England"] = 27000,
["National_Register_of_Historic_Places"] = 22000,
["National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_New_York"] = 4800,
["National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_Pennsylvania"] = 3300,
["National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_Virginia"] = 3100,
["National_basketball_squad"] = 3200,
["National_field_hockey_squad"] = 4400,
["National_football_squad_start/styles.css"] = 2600,
["National_men's_basketball_team"] = 4200,
["National_men's_cricket_team"] = 5000,
["National_men's_cricket_team_right"] = 2400,
["National_men's_ice_hockey_team"] = 8100,
["National_men's_volleyball_team"] = 2500,
["National_rugby_union_team"] = 6600,
["National_squad"] = 45000,
["National_squad_no_numbers"] = 16000,
["National_women's_volleyball_team"] = 2100,
["Native_name"] = 37000,
["Native_name_checker"] = 86000,
["Native_name_list"] = 5400,
["Nav_year_links"] = 2500,
["Naval"] = 5500,
["Naval/core"] = 5500,
["Navbar"] = 41000,
["Navbar-collapsible"] = 3400,
["Navbar-header"] = 17000,
["Navbar-header/styles.css"] = 17000,
["Navbox"] = 3070000,
["Navbox_GR_munic"] = 3700,
["Navbox_Musical_artist"] = 9700,
["Navbox_Ukraine_district"] = 2500,
["Navbox_bottom"] = 17000,
["Navbox_decade_list"] = 12000,
["Navbox_documentation"] = 56000,
["Navbox_ice_hockey"] = 3400,
["Navbox_musical_artist"] = 246000,
["Navbox_musical_artist/styles.css"] = 246000,
["Navbox_rugby_league_squad"] = 5100,
["Navbox_season_by_team"] = 3200,
["Navbox_top"] = 17000,
["Navbox_visibility"] = 56000,
["Navbox_with_collapsible_groups"] = 159000,
["Navbox_with_collapsible_sections"] = 3000,
["Navbox_with_columns"] = 26000,
["Navboxes"] = 68000,
["Navboxes_colour"] = 2100,
["Navseasoncats"] = 124000,
["Navseasoncats_with_centuries_below_decade"] = 6600,
["Navseasoncats_with_decades_below_year"] = 16000,
["Navsource"] = 5400,
["Navy"] = 20000,
["Navy/core"] = 20000,
["Nay"] = 7000,
["Nbay"] = 6100,
["Nbh"] = 2100,
["Nbnd"] = 2700,
["Nbs"] = 19000,
["Nbsp"] = 547000,
["Nbsp_to_space"] = 25000,
["Ndash"] = 30000,
["Nee"] = 17000,
["NeilBrownPlayers"] = 3100,
["Net_register_tonnage"] = 2300,
["Netflix_title"] = 2300,
["New_user_bar"] = 57000,
["Newbot"] = 4500,
["Next_period"] = 26000,
["Nfly"] = 2500,
["Nihongo"] = 108000,
["Nihongo2"] = 13000,
["Nihongo_foot"] = 4000,
["No"] = 12000,
["No."] = 15000,
["No2"] = 13000,
["NoSpam"] = 4000,
["NoSpamEmail"] = 17000,
["No_bold"] = 3000,
["No_col_break"] = 2300,
["No_col_break/styles.css"] = 2300,
["No_documentation"] = 3800,
["No_footnotes"] = 55000,
["No_ping"] = 416000,
["No_ping2"] = 2300,
["No_plot"] = 12000,
["No_redirect"] = 725000,
["No_significant_coverage_(sports)"] = 5200,
["No_spam"] = 330000,
["No_wrap"] = 3400,
["Nobold"] = 477000,
["Nobold/styles.css"] = 477000,
["Nobr"] = 7300,
["Nobreak"] = 980000,
["Nochange"] = 3000,
["Noindex"] = 4900,
["Noitalic"] = 5600,
["Noitalic/styles.css"] = 5600,
["Nom"] = 48000,
["Nominated"] = 54000,
["Non-English-language_text_category"] = 3800,
["Non-admin_closure"] = 4200,
["Non-admin_closure_(requested_moves)"] = 4600,
["Non-admin_comment"] = 3700,
["Non-album_single"] = 4200,
["Non-album_singles"] = 3100,
["Non-diffusing"] = 4700,
["Non-diffusing_parent_category"] = 4500,
["Non-diffusing_subcategory"] = 37000,
["Non-free_2D_art"] = 7800,
["Non-free_3D_art"] = 2700,
["Non-free_album_cover"] = 222000,
["Non-free_audio_sample"] = 9000,
["Non-free_biog-pic"] = 37000,
["Non-free_book_cover"] = 64000,
["Non-free_character"] = 3200,
["Non-free_comic"] = 11000,
["Non-free_fair_use"] = 15000,
["Non-free_fair_use_in"] = 12000,
["Non-free_file_with_no_commercial_use_license"] = 2500,
["Non-free_film_poster"] = 105000,
["Non-free_film_screenshot"] = 4800,
["Non-free_game_cover"] = 8600,
["Non-free_game_screenshot"] = 5500,
["Non-free_historic_image"] = 18000,
["Non-free_image_data"] = 8100,
["Non-free_image_rationale"] = 9000,
["Non-free_logo"] = 161000,
["Non-free_magazine_cover"] = 9900,
["Non-free_media"] = 820000,
["Non-free_media_data"] = 9500,
["Non-free_media_rationale"] = 11000,
["Non-free_music_video_screenshot"] = 2100,
["Non-free_newspaper_image"] = 2200,
["Non-free_poster"] = 23000,
["Non-free_promotional"] = 6000,
["Non-free_school_logo"] = 11000,
["Non-free_seal"] = 9300,
["Non-free_symbol"] = 5800,
["Non-free_television_screenshot"] = 12000,
["Non-free_title-card"] = 12000,
["Non-free_use_rationale"] = 766000,
["Non-free_use_rationale/styles.css"] = 775000,
["Non-free_use_rationale_2"] = 242000,
["Non-free_use_rationale_album_cover"] = 151000,
["Non-free_use_rationale_biog"] = 2700,
["Non-free_use_rationale_book_cover"] = 20000,
["Non-free_use_rationale_logo"] = 127000,
["Non-free_use_rationale_poster"] = 63000,
["Non-free_use_rationale_title-card"] = 4500,
["Non-free_use_rationale_video_cover"] = 6500,
["Non-free_use_rationale_video_game_cover"] = 11000,
["Non-free_video_cover"] = 17000,
["Non-free_video_game_cover"] = 23000,
["Non-free_video_game_cover/platform"] = 23000,
["Non-free_video_game_screenshot"] = 12000,
["Non-free_video_game_screenshot/platform"] = 11000,
["Non-free_with_NC"] = 2300,
["Non_breaking_en_dash"] = 2800,
["Non_breaking_hyphen"] = 3100,
["Nonumtoc"] = 3300,
["Nonumtoc/styles.css"] = 3300,
["Noping"] = 388000,
["Noprint"] = 2400,
["Noredirect"] = 8800,
["Normal"] = 9700,
["Normalwraplink"] = 7100,
["North_America_topic"] = 3800,
["Nospam"] = 5400,
["Not-PD-US-expired-min-year"] = 64000,
["Not_a_ballot"] = 8500,
["Not_a_typo"] = 14000,
["Not_around"] = 11000,
["Not_done"] = 29000,
["Notability"] = 59000,
["Notavote"] = 2300,
["Notdone"] = 6200,
["Note"] = 27000,
["NoteFoot"] = 5600,
["NoteTag"] = 6000,
["Note_label"] = 9500,
["Notelist"] = 331000,
["Notelist-lr"] = 5100,
["Notelist-talk"] = 2000,
["Notelist-ua"] = 9300,
["Notes"] = 4200,
["Noteslist"] = 4900,
["Notice"] = 122000,
["Nowiki_="] = 2300,
["Nowrap"] = 1910000,
["Np"] = 5700,
["Npby"] = 2900,
["Nq"] = 4700,
["Nrut"] = 6600,
["Ns"] = 3200,
["Ns0"] = 86000,
["Ns_has_subpages"] = 3830000,
["Nts"] = 22000,
["Ntsh"] = 3700,
["Number_table_sorting"] = 41000,
["Number_table_sorting_hidden"] = 3700,
["Numero"] = 4600,
["Nutshell"] = 5100,
["Nw="] = 2300,
["Née"] = 4100,
["Module:NUMBEROFSECTIONS"] = 4600,
["Module:Namespace_detect"] = 540000,
["Module:Namespace_detect/config"] = 5200000,
["Module:Namespace_detect/data"] = 5200000,
["Module:National_squad"] = 59000,
["Module:Native_name"] = 121000,
["Module:Navbar"] = 5180000,
["Module:Navbar/configuration"] = 5180000,
["Module:Navbar/styles.css"] = 5180000,
["Module:Navbox"] = 4850000,
["Module:Navbox/configuration"] = 4850000,
["Module:Navbox/styles.css"] = 4850000,
["Module:Navbox_ice_hockey"] = 3400,
["Module:Navbox_top_and_bottom"] = 17000,
["Module:Navbox_with_collapsible_groups"] = 8100,
["Module:Navboxes"] = 70000,
["Module:Nihongo"] = 112000,
["Module:No_ping"] = 500000,
["Module:Noinclude"] = 61000,
["Module:Normalize_volume_and_edition"] = 3600,
["Module:Ns_has_subpages"] = 3830000,
["Module:Number_table_sorting"] = 43000,
}
8k9c6lg7zw5hgpbhkdcgzczuk9t6t9j
ಮಾದ್ಯಮೊವಿಕಿ:Licenses
8
11848
363579
212821
2026-01-02T17:50:28Z
en>Pppery
0
It's public domain day!
363579
wikitext
text/x-wiki
*subst:No license from license selector|Don't know|I do not know the license
*subst:No license from license selector|Somewebsite|Found the image somewhere
*subst:Permission from license selector|The copyright holder gave me permission to use this work only in Wikipedia articles
*subst:Non-commercial from license selector|The copyright holder only allows this work to be used for non-commercial and/or educational purposes
* Your own work:
** Allow non-commercial use, commercial use, and modifications as long as others credit you and share alike:
*** self|cc-by-sa-4.0|Own work, Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0
*** self|cc-by-sa-4.0,3.0,2.5,2.0,1.0|Own work, multi-license with CC-BY-SA-4.0 and older
*** self|cc-by-sa-4.0|GFDL|migration=not-eligible|Own work, multi-license with CC-BY-SA-4.0 and GFDL
** Allow non-commercial use, commercial use, and modifications as long as others credit you:
*** self|cc-by-4.0|Own work, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
** Reserve no rights:
*** self|cc-zero|Own work, release into public domain under the CC-Zero license
* Freely licensed:
** cc-by-sa-4.0|Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0
** cc-by-4.0|Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
** cc-by-sa-2.0|Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.0
** cc-by-2.0|Creative Commons Attribution 2.0
** Wikipedia-screenshot|Wikipedia web page screenshot
* Public domain:
** Copyright expired:
*** PD-old|Author died more than 100 years ago
*** PD-art|- Photo of a two-dimensional work whose author died more than 100 years ago
*** PD-US-expired|First published in the United States before January 1, 1931
** Not covered by copyright:
*** PD-USGov|Work of a U.S. government agency
*** PD-text|Simple typefaces, individual words or geometric shapes
*** PD-textlogo|Logos with only simple typefaces, individual words or geometric shapes
* Unacceptable fair use:
**subst:rfu|Fair use image of a living person
**subst:rfu|Fair use image of an existing building
* Non-free / fair use - read WP:NONFREE before using any of the following tags:
** Non-free 2D art|Two-dimensional art
** Non-free 3D art|Three-dimensional art
** Non-free computer icon|Computer icon
** Non-free currency|Currency that may be copyrighted
** Non-free biog-pic|Deceased person
** Non-free logo|Logo
** Non-free audio sample|Music sample
** Non-free promotional|Promotional material
** Non-free stamp|Postage stamp, where copyright depends on the country
*** Non-free USGov-USPS stamp|- U.S. postage stamp from 1978 or later
** Non-free historic image|Historically significant event
** Covers:
*** Non-free album cover|Album or single cover
*** Non-free board game cover|Board game cover
*** Non-free book cover|Book cover
*** Non-free comic|Comic book stuff
*** Non-free video cover|DVD, Blu-Ray Disc, videotape, etc. cover
*** Non-free game cover|Video game cover
*** Non-free magazine cover|Magazine cover (can only be used in the article about the magazine)
*** Non-free newspaper image|Newspaper cover
** Posters:
*** Non-free poster|Any kind of poster
** Screenshots:
*** Non-free film screenshot|Movie screenshot
*** Non-free television screenshot|TV screenshot
*** Non-free title-card|Title card of a movie or TV series
*** Non-free game screenshot|Computer game or video game screenshot
*** Non-free music video screenshot|Music video or music promo screenshot
*** Non-free software screenshot|Software screenshot
**** Non-free Microsoft screenshot|- Screenshot of a Microsoft product
**** Non-free software screenshot|Screenshots of Windows software|- Windows software screenshot
**** Non-free software screenshot|Screenshots of Mac software|- Mac OS software screenshot
**** Non-free software screenshot|Screenshots of Linux software|- Linux software screenshot
*** Non-free web screenshot|Website layout screenshot
j5dk4iw2u1v2ho3t8ntzsyijjrghorn
363580
363579
2026-07-30T16:39:54Z
ChiK
1136
೧ revisions imported from [[:en:MediaWiki:Licenses]]
363579
wikitext
text/x-wiki
*subst:No license from license selector|Don't know|I do not know the license
*subst:No license from license selector|Somewebsite|Found the image somewhere
*subst:Permission from license selector|The copyright holder gave me permission to use this work only in Wikipedia articles
*subst:Non-commercial from license selector|The copyright holder only allows this work to be used for non-commercial and/or educational purposes
* Your own work:
** Allow non-commercial use, commercial use, and modifications as long as others credit you and share alike:
*** self|cc-by-sa-4.0|Own work, Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0
*** self|cc-by-sa-4.0,3.0,2.5,2.0,1.0|Own work, multi-license with CC-BY-SA-4.0 and older
*** self|cc-by-sa-4.0|GFDL|migration=not-eligible|Own work, multi-license with CC-BY-SA-4.0 and GFDL
** Allow non-commercial use, commercial use, and modifications as long as others credit you:
*** self|cc-by-4.0|Own work, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
** Reserve no rights:
*** self|cc-zero|Own work, release into public domain under the CC-Zero license
* Freely licensed:
** cc-by-sa-4.0|Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0
** cc-by-4.0|Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
** cc-by-sa-2.0|Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.0
** cc-by-2.0|Creative Commons Attribution 2.0
** Wikipedia-screenshot|Wikipedia web page screenshot
* Public domain:
** Copyright expired:
*** PD-old|Author died more than 100 years ago
*** PD-art|- Photo of a two-dimensional work whose author died more than 100 years ago
*** PD-US-expired|First published in the United States before January 1, 1931
** Not covered by copyright:
*** PD-USGov|Work of a U.S. government agency
*** PD-text|Simple typefaces, individual words or geometric shapes
*** PD-textlogo|Logos with only simple typefaces, individual words or geometric shapes
* Unacceptable fair use:
**subst:rfu|Fair use image of a living person
**subst:rfu|Fair use image of an existing building
* Non-free / fair use - read WP:NONFREE before using any of the following tags:
** Non-free 2D art|Two-dimensional art
** Non-free 3D art|Three-dimensional art
** Non-free computer icon|Computer icon
** Non-free currency|Currency that may be copyrighted
** Non-free biog-pic|Deceased person
** Non-free logo|Logo
** Non-free audio sample|Music sample
** Non-free promotional|Promotional material
** Non-free stamp|Postage stamp, where copyright depends on the country
*** Non-free USGov-USPS stamp|- U.S. postage stamp from 1978 or later
** Non-free historic image|Historically significant event
** Covers:
*** Non-free album cover|Album or single cover
*** Non-free board game cover|Board game cover
*** Non-free book cover|Book cover
*** Non-free comic|Comic book stuff
*** Non-free video cover|DVD, Blu-Ray Disc, videotape, etc. cover
*** Non-free game cover|Video game cover
*** Non-free magazine cover|Magazine cover (can only be used in the article about the magazine)
*** Non-free newspaper image|Newspaper cover
** Posters:
*** Non-free poster|Any kind of poster
** Screenshots:
*** Non-free film screenshot|Movie screenshot
*** Non-free television screenshot|TV screenshot
*** Non-free title-card|Title card of a movie or TV series
*** Non-free game screenshot|Computer game or video game screenshot
*** Non-free music video screenshot|Music video or music promo screenshot
*** Non-free software screenshot|Software screenshot
**** Non-free Microsoft screenshot|- Screenshot of a Microsoft product
**** Non-free software screenshot|Screenshots of Windows software|- Windows software screenshot
**** Non-free software screenshot|Screenshots of Mac software|- Mac OS software screenshot
**** Non-free software screenshot|Screenshots of Linux software|- Linux software screenshot
*** Non-free web screenshot|Website layout screenshot
j5dk4iw2u1v2ho3t8ntzsyijjrghorn
ಮೋಡ್ಯೂಲ್:Sidebar/configuration
828
13693
363592
353869
2026-06-11T07:56:35Z
en>Chaotic Enby
0
+class
363592
Scribunto
text/plain
return {
i18n = {
child_yes = 'yes',
float_none = 'none',
float_left = 'left',
wrap_true = 'true',
navbar_none = 'none',
navbar_off = 'off',
default_list_title = 'List',
title_not_to_add_navbar = 'Template:Sidebar',
collapse_title_not_to_add_navbar = 'Template:Sidebar with collapsible lists',
templatestyles = {
sidebar = 'Module:Sidebar/styles.css',
hlist = 'Hlist/styles.css',
plainlist = 'Plainlist/styles.css',
subinfobox = 'Subinfobox bodystyle/styles.css',
},
category = {
child = '[[Category:Pages using sidebar with the child parameter]]',
conversion = '[[Category:Sidebars with styles needing conversion]]'
},
pattern = {
collapse_sandbox = '/sandbox$',
sandbox = '/sandbox$',
subgroup = 'sidebar%-subgroup',
style_conversion = 'style$',
uncategorized_conversion_titles = {
'/[Ss]andbox',
'/[Tt]estcases',
'/[Dd]oc$'
}
},
class = {
sidebar = 'sidebar',
subgroup = 'sidebar-subgroup',
subinfobox = 'subinfobox',
collapse = 'sidebar-collapse',
float_none = 'sidebar-none',
float_left = 'sidebar-left',
wraplinks = 'nowraplinks',
outer_title = 'sidebar-outer-title',
top_image = 'sidebar-top-image',
top_caption = 'sidebar-top-caption',
pretitle = 'sidebar-pretitle',
pretitle_with_top_image = 'sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image',
title = 'sidebar-title',
title_with_pretitle = 'sidebar-title-with-pretitle',
image = 'sidebar-image',
caption = 'sidebar-caption',
above = 'sidebar-above',
heading = 'sidebar-heading',
content = 'sidebar-content',
content_with_subgroup = 'sidebar-content-with-subgroup',
below = 'sidebar-below',
navbar = 'sidebar-navbar',
list = 'sidebar-list',
list_title = 'sidebar-list-title',
list_title_centered = 'sidebar-list-title-c',
list_content = 'sidebar-list-content',
noviewer = 'noviewer'
}
}
}
drxjlbc57zd2jzh3sg979stjjqjencw
363593
363592
2026-07-30T16:48:41Z
ChiK
1136
೧ revisions imported from [[:en:Module:Sidebar/configuration]]
363592
Scribunto
text/plain
return {
i18n = {
child_yes = 'yes',
float_none = 'none',
float_left = 'left',
wrap_true = 'true',
navbar_none = 'none',
navbar_off = 'off',
default_list_title = 'List',
title_not_to_add_navbar = 'Template:Sidebar',
collapse_title_not_to_add_navbar = 'Template:Sidebar with collapsible lists',
templatestyles = {
sidebar = 'Module:Sidebar/styles.css',
hlist = 'Hlist/styles.css',
plainlist = 'Plainlist/styles.css',
subinfobox = 'Subinfobox bodystyle/styles.css',
},
category = {
child = '[[Category:Pages using sidebar with the child parameter]]',
conversion = '[[Category:Sidebars with styles needing conversion]]'
},
pattern = {
collapse_sandbox = '/sandbox$',
sandbox = '/sandbox$',
subgroup = 'sidebar%-subgroup',
style_conversion = 'style$',
uncategorized_conversion_titles = {
'/[Ss]andbox',
'/[Tt]estcases',
'/[Dd]oc$'
}
},
class = {
sidebar = 'sidebar',
subgroup = 'sidebar-subgroup',
subinfobox = 'subinfobox',
collapse = 'sidebar-collapse',
float_none = 'sidebar-none',
float_left = 'sidebar-left',
wraplinks = 'nowraplinks',
outer_title = 'sidebar-outer-title',
top_image = 'sidebar-top-image',
top_caption = 'sidebar-top-caption',
pretitle = 'sidebar-pretitle',
pretitle_with_top_image = 'sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image',
title = 'sidebar-title',
title_with_pretitle = 'sidebar-title-with-pretitle',
image = 'sidebar-image',
caption = 'sidebar-caption',
above = 'sidebar-above',
heading = 'sidebar-heading',
content = 'sidebar-content',
content_with_subgroup = 'sidebar-content-with-subgroup',
below = 'sidebar-below',
navbar = 'sidebar-navbar',
list = 'sidebar-list',
list_title = 'sidebar-list-title',
list_title_centered = 'sidebar-list-title-c',
list_content = 'sidebar-list-content',
noviewer = 'noviewer'
}
}
}
drxjlbc57zd2jzh3sg979stjjqjencw
ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Incorrect namespace
10
16063
363622
173485
2025-10-09T18:49:34Z
en>Jonesey95
0
fix grammar
363622
wikitext
text/x-wiki
<includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|Template||{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox||{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|testcases||{{#ifeq:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|Wikipedia:Sandbox||{{#ifeq:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages|| </includeonly>{{Mbox
| type = content
| image = [[File:Ambox warning orange.svg|50px|link=|alt=]]
| text = {{Error|This template should be transcluded in the ''{{{1}}}'' namespace(s) only.}}
}}<includeonly>{{Category handler
|all=[[Category:Pages with templates in the wrong namespace]]
|nocat={{{nocat|}}}
|category2={{{category|¬}}}
}}}}}}}}}}}}</includeonly><noinclude>
{{Documentation}}
</noinclude>
jdiwkqgjhbkm8xuun6y9lb1w90op66x
363623
363622
2026-07-30T16:49:28Z
ChiK
1136
೧ revisions imported from [[:en:Template:Incorrect_namespace]]
363622
wikitext
text/x-wiki
<includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|Template||{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox||{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|testcases||{{#ifeq:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|Wikipedia:Sandbox||{{#ifeq:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages|| </includeonly>{{Mbox
| type = content
| image = [[File:Ambox warning orange.svg|50px|link=|alt=]]
| text = {{Error|This template should be transcluded in the ''{{{1}}}'' namespace(s) only.}}
}}<includeonly>{{Category handler
|all=[[Category:Pages with templates in the wrong namespace]]
|nocat={{{nocat|}}}
|category2={{{category|¬}}}
}}}}}}}}}}}}</includeonly><noinclude>
{{Documentation}}
</noinclude>
jdiwkqgjhbkm8xuun6y9lb1w90op66x
ಮೋಡ್ಯೂಲ್:Wikitext Parsing
828
18623
363554
239338
2026-07-29T21:33:46Z
en>Pppery
0
Copy from sandbox per request
363554
Scribunto
text/plain
require("strict")
-- We're calling up to thousands of string methods each time we run, so
-- do this very simple micro optimisation to help a tiny bit
local string = string
-- Helper functions for PrepareText --
local function endswith(text, subtext)
return string.sub(text, -#subtext, -1) == subtext
end
local function allcases(s)
return string.gsub(s, "%a", function(c)
return "["..string.upper(c)..string.lower(c).."]"
end)
end
--[=[ Implementation notes
---- NORMAL HTML TAGS ----
Tags are very strict on how they want to start, but loose on how they end.
The start must strictly follow <[tAgNaMe](%s|>) with no room for whitespace in
the tag's name, but may then flow as they want afterwards, making
<div\nclass\n=\n"\nerror\n"\n> valid. If a tag has no end, it will consume all
text instead of not processing.
There's no sense of escaping < or >
E.g.
<div class="error\>"> will end at \> despite it being inside a quote
<div class="<span class="error">error</span>"> will not process the larger div
---- NOPROCESSING TAGS (nowiki, pre, syntaxhighlight, source, etc.) ----
(Note: <source> is the deprecated version of <syntaxhighlight>)
No-processing tags have some differences to the above rules. Specifically, their
syntax is a lot stricter. While an opening tag follows the same set of rules, A
closing tag can't have any sort of extra formatting. </div a/a> is valid,
</nowiki a/a> is not. Only newlines and spaces/tabs are allowed in closing tags.
Note that, even though tags may cause a visual change without an ending tag like
<pre>, one is required for the no-processing effects.
Both the content inside the tag pair and the text in the tags will not be
processed. E.g. <nowiki |}}>|}}</nowiki> would have both of the |}} escaped.
Since we only care about these no-processing tags, we can ignore the idea of an
intercepting tag messing us up, and just go for the first ending we can find. If
there is no ending, the tag will NOT consume the rest of the text. Even if there
is no ending tag, the content inside the opening tag will still be unprocessed,
meaning {{X20|<nowiki }}>}} wouldn't end at the first }} despite there being no
ending tag.
There are some tags, like <math>, which also function like <nowiki> for our
purposes, and are handled here. Some other tags, like <ref>, have more complex
behaviour that can't be reasonably implemented in this, and so are ignored. I
suspect that every tag listed in [[Special:Version]] may behave somewhat like
this, but that's far too many cases worth checking for rarely used tags that may
not even have a good reason to contain {{ or }} anyways, so we leave them alone.
---- INCLUDEONLY ----
While includeonly tags do technically serve the same purpose as a nowiki tag for
what this module does, contextually they don't always make sense to escape, and
as such are ignored by this module entirely.
--]=]
-- This function expects the string to start with the tag
local validtags = {nowiki=1, pre=1, syntaxhighlight=1, source=1, math=1}
local function TestForNowikiTag(text, scanPosition)
local tagName = string.match(text, "^<([^\n />]+)", scanPosition)
if not tagName or not validtags[string.lower(tagName)] then
return nil
end
local nextOpener = string.find(text, "<", scanPosition+1, true)
local nextCloser = string.find(text, ">", scanPosition+1, true)
if nextCloser and (not nextOpener or nextCloser < nextOpener) then
local startingTag = string.sub(text, scanPosition, nextCloser)
-- We have our starting tag (E.g. '<pre style="color:red">')
-- Now find our ending...
if endswith(startingTag, "/>") then -- self-closing tag (we are our own ending)
return {
Tag = tagName,
Start = startingTag,
Content = "", End = "",
Length = #startingTag
}
else
local endingTagStart, endingTagEnd = string.find(text, "</"..allcases(tagName).."[ \t\n]*>", scanPosition)
if endingTagStart then --Regular tag formation
local endingTag = string.sub(text, endingTagStart, endingTagEnd)
local tagContent = string.sub(text, nextCloser+1, endingTagStart-1)
return {
Tag = tagName,
Start = startingTag,
Content = tagContent,
End = endingTag,
Length = #startingTag + #tagContent + #endingTag
}
else -- Content inside still needs escaping (also linter error!)
return {
Tag = tagName,
Start = startingTag,
Content = "", End = "",
Length = #startingTag
}
end
end
end
return nil
end
--[=[ Implementation Notes
HTML Comments are about as basic as it gets. Start at <!--, end at -->, no extra
conditions. If a comment has no end, it will eat all the text ahead.
--]=]
local function TestForComment(text, scanPosition)
if string.match(text, "^<!%-%-", scanPosition) then
local commentEnd = string.find(text, "-->", scanPosition+4, true)
if commentEnd then
return {
Start = "<!--", End = "-->",
Content = string.sub(text, scanPosition+4, commentEnd-1),
Length = commentEnd-scanPosition+3
}
else -- Consumes all text if not given an ending
return {
Start = "<!--", End = "",
Content = string.sub(text, scanPosition+4),
Length = #text-scanPosition+1
}
end
end
return nil
end
--[[ Implementation notes
The goal of this function is to escape all text that wouldn't be parsed if it
was preprocessed (see above implementation notes).
Using keepComments will keep all HTML comments instead of removing them. They
will still be escaped regardless.
--]]
local function PrepareText(text, keepComments)
local newtext = {}
local scanPosition = 1
local textPosition = 1
while true do
local nextCheck = string.find(text, "<", scanPosition, true) -- Advance to the next potential tag we care about
if not nextCheck then -- Done
newtext[#newtext+1] = string.sub(text, textPosition)
break
end
scanPosition = nextCheck
local Comment = TestForComment(text, scanPosition)
if Comment then
newtext[#newtext+1] = string.sub(text, textPosition, nextCheck-1)
if keepComments then
newtext[#newtext+1] = Comment.Start .. mw.text.nowiki(Comment.Content) .. Comment.End
end
scanPosition = scanPosition + Comment.Length
textPosition = scanPosition
else
local Tag = TestForNowikiTag(text, scanPosition)
if Tag then
newtext[#newtext+1] = string.sub(text, textPosition, nextCheck-1)
local newTagStart = "<" .. mw.text.nowiki(string.sub(Tag.Start, 2, -2)) .. ">"
local newTagEnd =
Tag.End == "" and "" or -- Respect no tag ending
"</" .. mw.text.nowiki(string.sub(Tag.End, 3, -2)) .. ">"
local newContent = mw.text.nowiki(Tag.Content)
newtext[#newtext+1] = newTagStart .. newContent .. newTagEnd
scanPosition = scanPosition + Tag.Length
textPosition = scanPosition
else -- Nothing special, move on...
scanPosition = scanPosition + 1
end
end
end
return table.concat(newtext, "")
end
local p = {}
--Main entry points
p.PrepareText = PrepareText
--Extra entry points, not really required
p.TestForNowikiTag = TestForNowikiTag
p.TestForComment = TestForComment
return p
--[==[ console tests
local s = [=[Hey!{{Text|<nowiki | ||>
Hey! }}
A</nowiki>|<!--AAAAA|AAA-->Should see|Shouldn't see}}]=]
local out = p.PrepareText(s)
mw.logObject(out)
local s = [=[B<!--
Hey!
-->A]=]
local out = p.TestForComment(s, 2)
mw.logObject(out); mw.log(string.sub(s, 2, out.Length))
]==]
iiu3f4jhxaiu5ehdw27fgi71pmkfo78
363555
363554
2026-07-30T15:36:34Z
ChiK
1136
೧ revisions imported from [[:en:Module:Wikitext_Parsing]]
363554
Scribunto
text/plain
require("strict")
-- We're calling up to thousands of string methods each time we run, so
-- do this very simple micro optimisation to help a tiny bit
local string = string
-- Helper functions for PrepareText --
local function endswith(text, subtext)
return string.sub(text, -#subtext, -1) == subtext
end
local function allcases(s)
return string.gsub(s, "%a", function(c)
return "["..string.upper(c)..string.lower(c).."]"
end)
end
--[=[ Implementation notes
---- NORMAL HTML TAGS ----
Tags are very strict on how they want to start, but loose on how they end.
The start must strictly follow <[tAgNaMe](%s|>) with no room for whitespace in
the tag's name, but may then flow as they want afterwards, making
<div\nclass\n=\n"\nerror\n"\n> valid. If a tag has no end, it will consume all
text instead of not processing.
There's no sense of escaping < or >
E.g.
<div class="error\>"> will end at \> despite it being inside a quote
<div class="<span class="error">error</span>"> will not process the larger div
---- NOPROCESSING TAGS (nowiki, pre, syntaxhighlight, source, etc.) ----
(Note: <source> is the deprecated version of <syntaxhighlight>)
No-processing tags have some differences to the above rules. Specifically, their
syntax is a lot stricter. While an opening tag follows the same set of rules, A
closing tag can't have any sort of extra formatting. </div a/a> is valid,
</nowiki a/a> is not. Only newlines and spaces/tabs are allowed in closing tags.
Note that, even though tags may cause a visual change without an ending tag like
<pre>, one is required for the no-processing effects.
Both the content inside the tag pair and the text in the tags will not be
processed. E.g. <nowiki |}}>|}}</nowiki> would have both of the |}} escaped.
Since we only care about these no-processing tags, we can ignore the idea of an
intercepting tag messing us up, and just go for the first ending we can find. If
there is no ending, the tag will NOT consume the rest of the text. Even if there
is no ending tag, the content inside the opening tag will still be unprocessed,
meaning {{X20|<nowiki }}>}} wouldn't end at the first }} despite there being no
ending tag.
There are some tags, like <math>, which also function like <nowiki> for our
purposes, and are handled here. Some other tags, like <ref>, have more complex
behaviour that can't be reasonably implemented in this, and so are ignored. I
suspect that every tag listed in [[Special:Version]] may behave somewhat like
this, but that's far too many cases worth checking for rarely used tags that may
not even have a good reason to contain {{ or }} anyways, so we leave them alone.
---- INCLUDEONLY ----
While includeonly tags do technically serve the same purpose as a nowiki tag for
what this module does, contextually they don't always make sense to escape, and
as such are ignored by this module entirely.
--]=]
-- This function expects the string to start with the tag
local validtags = {nowiki=1, pre=1, syntaxhighlight=1, source=1, math=1}
local function TestForNowikiTag(text, scanPosition)
local tagName = string.match(text, "^<([^\n />]+)", scanPosition)
if not tagName or not validtags[string.lower(tagName)] then
return nil
end
local nextOpener = string.find(text, "<", scanPosition+1, true)
local nextCloser = string.find(text, ">", scanPosition+1, true)
if nextCloser and (not nextOpener or nextCloser < nextOpener) then
local startingTag = string.sub(text, scanPosition, nextCloser)
-- We have our starting tag (E.g. '<pre style="color:red">')
-- Now find our ending...
if endswith(startingTag, "/>") then -- self-closing tag (we are our own ending)
return {
Tag = tagName,
Start = startingTag,
Content = "", End = "",
Length = #startingTag
}
else
local endingTagStart, endingTagEnd = string.find(text, "</"..allcases(tagName).."[ \t\n]*>", scanPosition)
if endingTagStart then --Regular tag formation
local endingTag = string.sub(text, endingTagStart, endingTagEnd)
local tagContent = string.sub(text, nextCloser+1, endingTagStart-1)
return {
Tag = tagName,
Start = startingTag,
Content = tagContent,
End = endingTag,
Length = #startingTag + #tagContent + #endingTag
}
else -- Content inside still needs escaping (also linter error!)
return {
Tag = tagName,
Start = startingTag,
Content = "", End = "",
Length = #startingTag
}
end
end
end
return nil
end
--[=[ Implementation Notes
HTML Comments are about as basic as it gets. Start at <!--, end at -->, no extra
conditions. If a comment has no end, it will eat all the text ahead.
--]=]
local function TestForComment(text, scanPosition)
if string.match(text, "^<!%-%-", scanPosition) then
local commentEnd = string.find(text, "-->", scanPosition+4, true)
if commentEnd then
return {
Start = "<!--", End = "-->",
Content = string.sub(text, scanPosition+4, commentEnd-1),
Length = commentEnd-scanPosition+3
}
else -- Consumes all text if not given an ending
return {
Start = "<!--", End = "",
Content = string.sub(text, scanPosition+4),
Length = #text-scanPosition+1
}
end
end
return nil
end
--[[ Implementation notes
The goal of this function is to escape all text that wouldn't be parsed if it
was preprocessed (see above implementation notes).
Using keepComments will keep all HTML comments instead of removing them. They
will still be escaped regardless.
--]]
local function PrepareText(text, keepComments)
local newtext = {}
local scanPosition = 1
local textPosition = 1
while true do
local nextCheck = string.find(text, "<", scanPosition, true) -- Advance to the next potential tag we care about
if not nextCheck then -- Done
newtext[#newtext+1] = string.sub(text, textPosition)
break
end
scanPosition = nextCheck
local Comment = TestForComment(text, scanPosition)
if Comment then
newtext[#newtext+1] = string.sub(text, textPosition, nextCheck-1)
if keepComments then
newtext[#newtext+1] = Comment.Start .. mw.text.nowiki(Comment.Content) .. Comment.End
end
scanPosition = scanPosition + Comment.Length
textPosition = scanPosition
else
local Tag = TestForNowikiTag(text, scanPosition)
if Tag then
newtext[#newtext+1] = string.sub(text, textPosition, nextCheck-1)
local newTagStart = "<" .. mw.text.nowiki(string.sub(Tag.Start, 2, -2)) .. ">"
local newTagEnd =
Tag.End == "" and "" or -- Respect no tag ending
"</" .. mw.text.nowiki(string.sub(Tag.End, 3, -2)) .. ">"
local newContent = mw.text.nowiki(Tag.Content)
newtext[#newtext+1] = newTagStart .. newContent .. newTagEnd
scanPosition = scanPosition + Tag.Length
textPosition = scanPosition
else -- Nothing special, move on...
scanPosition = scanPosition + 1
end
end
end
return table.concat(newtext, "")
end
local p = {}
--Main entry points
p.PrepareText = PrepareText
--Extra entry points, not really required
p.TestForNowikiTag = TestForNowikiTag
p.TestForComment = TestForComment
return p
--[==[ console tests
local s = [=[Hey!{{Text|<nowiki | ||>
Hey! }}
A</nowiki>|<!--AAAAA|AAA-->Should see|Shouldn't see}}]=]
local out = p.PrepareText(s)
mw.logObject(out)
local s = [=[B<!--
Hey!
-->A]=]
local out = p.TestForComment(s, 2)
mw.logObject(out); mw.log(string.sub(s, 2, out.Length))
]==]
iiu3f4jhxaiu5ehdw27fgi71pmkfo78
ಮೋಡ್ಯೂಲ್:Lang/data/iana languages
828
18906
363556
359392
2026-06-22T16:56:25Z
en>Trappist the monk
0
update to 2026-06-14 data;
363556
Scribunto
text/plain
-- File-Date: 2026-06-14
local active = {
["aa"] = {"Afar"},
["ab"] = {"Abkhazian"},
["ae"] = {"Avestan"},
["af"] = {"Afrikaans"},
["ak"] = {"Akan"},
["am"] = {"Amharic"},
["an"] = {"Aragonese"},
["ar"] = {"Arabic"},
["as"] = {"Assamese"},
["av"] = {"Avaric"},
["ay"] = {"Aymara"},
["az"] = {"Azerbaijani"},
["ba"] = {"Bashkir"},
["be"] = {"Belarusian"},
["bg"] = {"Bulgarian"},
["bi"] = {"Bislama"},
["bm"] = {"Bambara"},
["bn"] = {"Bengali", "Bangla"},
["bo"] = {"Tibetan"},
["br"] = {"Breton"},
["bs"] = {"Bosnian"},
["ca"] = {"Catalan", "Valencian"},
["ce"] = {"Chechen"},
["ch"] = {"Chamorro"},
["co"] = {"Corsican"},
["cr"] = {"Cree"},
["cs"] = {"Czech"},
["cu"] = {"Church Slavic", "Church Slavonic", "Old Bulgarian", "Old Church Slavonic", "Old Slavonic"},
["cv"] = {"Chuvash"},
["cy"] = {"Welsh"},
["da"] = {"Danish"},
["de"] = {"German"},
["dv"] = {"Dhivehi", "Divehi", "Maldivian"},
["dz"] = {"Dzongkha"},
["ee"] = {"Ewe"},
["el"] = {"Modern Greek (1453-)"},
["en"] = {"English"},
["eo"] = {"Esperanto"},
["es"] = {"Spanish", "Castilian"},
["et"] = {"Estonian"},
["eu"] = {"Basque"},
["fa"] = {"Persian"},
["ff"] = {"Fulah"},
["fi"] = {"Finnish"},
["fj"] = {"Fijian"},
["fo"] = {"Faroese"},
["fr"] = {"French"},
["fy"] = {"Western Frisian"},
["ga"] = {"Irish"},
["gd"] = {"Scottish Gaelic", "Gaelic"},
["gl"] = {"Galician"},
["gn"] = {"Guarani"},
["gu"] = {"Gujarati"},
["gv"] = {"Manx"},
["ha"] = {"Hausa"},
["he"] = {"Hebrew"},
["hi"] = {"Hindi"},
["ho"] = {"Hiri Motu"},
["hr"] = {"Croatian"},
["ht"] = {"Haitian", "Haitian Creole"},
["hu"] = {"Hungarian"},
["hy"] = {"Armenian"},
["hz"] = {"Herero"},
["ia"] = {"Interlingua (IALA)", "Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association)"},
["id"] = {"Indonesian"},
["ie"] = {"Interlingue", "Occidental"},
["ig"] = {"Igbo"},
["ii"] = {"Sichuan Yi", "Nuosu"},
["ik"] = {"Inupiaq"},
["io"] = {"Ido"},
["is"] = {"Icelandic"},
["it"] = {"Italian"},
["iu"] = {"Inuktitut"},
["ja"] = {"Japanese"},
["jv"] = {"Javanese"},
["ka"] = {"Georgian"},
["kg"] = {"Kongo"},
["ki"] = {"Kikuyu", "Gikuyu"},
["kj"] = {"Kuanyama", "Kwanyama"},
["kk"] = {"Kazakh"},
["kl"] = {"Kalaallisut", "Greenlandic"},
["km"] = {"Khmer", "Central Khmer"},
["kn"] = {"Kannada"},
["ko"] = {"Korean"},
["kr"] = {"Kanuri"},
["ks"] = {"Kashmiri"},
["ku"] = {"Kurdish"},
["kv"] = {"Komi"},
["kw"] = {"Cornish"},
["ky"] = {"Kirghiz", "Kyrgyz"},
["la"] = {"Latin"},
["lb"] = {"Luxembourgish", "Letzeburgesch"},
["lg"] = {"Ganda", "Luganda"},
["li"] = {"Limburgan", "Limburger", "Limburgish"},
["ln"] = {"Lingala"},
["lo"] = {"Lao"},
["lt"] = {"Lithuanian"},
["lu"] = {"Luba-Katanga"},
["lv"] = {"Latvian"},
["mg"] = {"Malagasy"},
["mh"] = {"Marshallese"},
["mi"] = {"Maori"},
["mk"] = {"Macedonian"},
["ml"] = {"Malayalam"},
["mn"] = {"Mongolian"},
["mr"] = {"Marathi"},
["ms"] = {"Malay (macrolanguage)"},
["mt"] = {"Maltese"},
["my"] = {"Burmese"},
["na"] = {"Nauru"},
["nb"] = {"Norwegian Bokmål"},
["nd"] = {"North Ndebele"},
["ne"] = {"Nepali (macrolanguage)"},
["ng"] = {"Ndonga"},
["nl"] = {"Dutch", "Flemish"},
["nn"] = {"Norwegian Nynorsk"},
["no"] = {"Norwegian"},
["nr"] = {"South Ndebele"},
["nv"] = {"Navajo", "Navaho"},
["ny"] = {"Chichewa", "Chewa", "Nyanja"},
["oc"] = {"Occitan (post 1500)"},
["oj"] = {"Ojibwa"},
["om"] = {"Oromo"},
["or"] = {"Oriya (macrolanguage)", "Odia (macrolanguage)"},
["os"] = {"Iron Ossetic", "Iron", "Iron Ossetian", "Ossetian", "Ossetic"},
["pa"] = {"Panjabi", "Punjabi"},
["pi"] = {"Pali"},
["pl"] = {"Polish"},
["ps"] = {"Pushto", "Pashto"},
["pt"] = {"Portuguese"},
["qu"] = {"Quechua"},
["rm"] = {"Romansh"},
["rn"] = {"Rundi"},
["ro"] = {"Romanian", "Moldavian", "Moldovan"},
["ru"] = {"Russian"},
["rw"] = {"Kinyarwanda"},
["sa"] = {"Sanskrit"},
["sc"] = {"Sardinian"},
["sd"] = {"Sindhi"},
["se"] = {"Northern Sami"},
["sg"] = {"Sango"},
["sh"] = {"Serbo-Croatian"},
["si"] = {"Sinhala", "Sinhalese"},
["sk"] = {"Slovak"},
["sl"] = {"Slovenian"},
["sm"] = {"Samoan"},
["sn"] = {"Shona"},
["so"] = {"Somali"},
["sq"] = {"Albanian"},
["sr"] = {"Serbian"},
["ss"] = {"Swati"},
["st"] = {"Southern Sotho"},
["su"] = {"Sundanese"},
["sv"] = {"Swedish"},
["sw"] = {"Swahili (macrolanguage)"},
["ta"] = {"Tamil"},
["te"] = {"Telugu"},
["tg"] = {"Tajik"},
["th"] = {"Thai"},
["ti"] = {"Tigrinya"},
["tk"] = {"Turkmen"},
["tl"] = {"Tagalog"},
["tn"] = {"Tswana"},
["to"] = {"Tonga (Tonga Islands)"},
["tr"] = {"Turkish"},
["ts"] = {"Tsonga"},
["tt"] = {"Tatar"},
["tw"] = {"Twi"},
["ty"] = {"Tahitian"},
["ug"] = {"Uighur", "Uyghur"},
["uk"] = {"Ukrainian"},
["ur"] = {"Urdu"},
["uz"] = {"Uzbek"},
["ve"] = {"Venda"},
["vi"] = {"Vietnamese"},
["vo"] = {"Volapük"},
["wa"] = {"Walloon"},
["wo"] = {"Wolof"},
["xh"] = {"Xhosa"},
["yi"] = {"Yiddish"},
["yo"] = {"Yoruba"},
["za"] = {"Zhuang", "Chuang"},
["zh"] = {"Chinese"},
["zu"] = {"Zulu"},
["aaa"] = {"Ghotuo"},
["aab"] = {"Alumu-Tesu"},
["aac"] = {"Ari"},
["aad"] = {"Amal"},
["aae"] = {"Arbëreshë Albanian"},
["aaf"] = {"Aranadan"},
["aag"] = {"Ambrak"},
["aah"] = {"Abu' Arapesh"},
["aai"] = {"Arifama-Miniafia"},
["aak"] = {"Ankave"},
["aal"] = {"Afade"},
["aan"] = {"Anambé"},
["aao"] = {"Algerian Saharan Arabic"},
["aap"] = {"Pará Arára"},
["aaq"] = {"Eastern Abnaki"},
["aas"] = {"Aasáx"},
["aat"] = {"Arvanitika Albanian"},
["aau"] = {"Abau"},
["aav"] = {"Austro-Asiatic languages"},
["aaw"] = {"Solong"},
["aax"] = {"Mandobo Atas"},
["aaz"] = {"Amarasi"},
["aba"] = {"Abé"},
["abb"] = {"Bankon"},
["abc"] = {"Ambala Ayta"},
["abd"] = {"Manide"},
["abe"] = {"Western Abnaki"},
["abf"] = {"Abai Sungai"},
["abg"] = {"Abaga"},
["abh"] = {"Tajiki Arabic"},
["abi"] = {"Abidji"},
["abj"] = {"Aka-Bea"},
["abl"] = {"Lampung Nyo"},
["abm"] = {"Abanyom"},
["abn"] = {"Abua"},
["abo"] = {"Abon"},
["abp"] = {"Abellen Ayta"},
["abq"] = {"Abaza"},
["abr"] = {"Abron"},
["abs"] = {"Ambonese Malay"},
["abt"] = {"Ambulas"},
["abu"] = {"Abure"},
["abv"] = {"Baharna Arabic"},
["abw"] = {"Pal"},
["abx"] = {"Inabaknon"},
["aby"] = {"Aneme Wake"},
["abz"] = {"Abui"},
["aca"] = {"Achagua"},
["acb"] = {"Áncá"},
["acd"] = {"Gikyode"},
["ace"] = {"Achinese"},
["acf"] = {"Saint Lucian Creole French"},
["ach"] = {"Acoli"},
["aci"] = {"Aka-Cari"},
["ack"] = {"Aka-Kora"},
["acl"] = {"Akar-Bale"},
["acm"] = {"Mesopotamian Arabic"},
["acn"] = {"Achang"},
["acp"] = {"Eastern Acipa"},
["acq"] = {"Ta'izzi-Adeni Arabic"},
["acr"] = {"Achi"},
["acs"] = {"Acroá"},
["act"] = {"Achterhoeks"},
["acu"] = {"Achuar-Shiwiar"},
["acv"] = {"Achumawi"},
["acw"] = {"Hijazi Arabic"},
["acx"] = {"Omani Arabic"},
["acy"] = {"Cypriot Arabic"},
["acz"] = {"Acheron"},
["ada"] = {"Adangme"},
["adb"] = {"Atauran"},
["add"] = {"Lidzonka", "Dzodinka"},
["ade"] = {"Adele"},
["adf"] = {"Dhofari Arabic"},
["adg"] = {"Andegerebinha"},
["adh"] = {"Adhola"},
["adi"] = {"Adi"},
["adj"] = {"Adioukrou"},
["adl"] = {"Galo"},
["adn"] = {"Adang"},
["ado"] = {"Abu"},
["adq"] = {"Adangbe"},
["adr"] = {"Adonara"},
["ads"] = {"Adamorobe Sign Language"},
["adt"] = {"Adnyamathanha"},
["adu"] = {"Aduge"},
["adw"] = {"Amundava"},
["adx"] = {"Amdo Tibetan"},
["ady"] = {"Adyghe", "Adygei"},
["adz"] = {"Adzera"},
["aea"] = {"Areba"},
["aeb"] = {"Tunisian Arabic"},
["aec"] = {"Saidi Arabic"},
["aed"] = {"Argentine Sign Language"},
["aee"] = {"Northeast Pashai", "Northeast Pashayi"},
["aek"] = {"Haeke"},
["ael"] = {"Ambele"},
["aem"] = {"Arem"},
["aen"] = {"Armenian Sign Language"},
["aeq"] = {"Aer"},
["aer"] = {"Eastern Arrernte"},
["aes"] = {"Alsea"},
["aeu"] = {"Akeu"},
["aew"] = {"Ambakich"},
["aey"] = {"Amele"},
["aez"] = {"Aeka"},
["afa"] = {"Afro-Asiatic languages"},
["afb"] = {"Gulf Arabic"},
["afd"] = {"Andai"},
["afe"] = {"Putukwam"},
["afg"] = {"Afghan Sign Language"},
["afh"] = {"Afrihili"},
["afi"] = {"Akrukay", "Chini"},
["afk"] = {"Nanubae"},
["afn"] = {"Defaka"},
["afo"] = {"Eloyi"},
["afp"] = {"Tapei"},
["afs"] = {"Afro-Seminole Creole"},
["aft"] = {"Afitti"},
["afu"] = {"Awutu"},
["afz"] = {"Obokuitai"},
["aga"] = {"Aguano"},
["agb"] = {"Legbo"},
["agc"] = {"Agatu"},
["agd"] = {"Agarabi"},
["age"] = {"Angal"},
["agf"] = {"Arguni"},
["agg"] = {"Angor"},
["agh"] = {"Ngelima"},
["agi"] = {"Agariya"},
["agj"] = {"Argobba"},
["agk"] = {"Isarog Agta"},
["agl"] = {"Fembe"},
["agm"] = {"Angaataha"},
["agn"] = {"Agutaynen"},
["ago"] = {"Tainae"},
["agq"] = {"Aghem"},
["agr"] = {"Aguaruna"},
["ags"] = {"Esimbi"},
["agt"] = {"Central Cagayan Agta"},
["agu"] = {"Aguacateco"},
["agv"] = {"Remontado Dumagat"},
["agw"] = {"Kahua"},
["agx"] = {"Aghul"},
["agy"] = {"Southern Alta"},
["agz"] = {"Mt. Iriga Agta"},
["aha"] = {"Ahanta"},
["ahb"] = {"Axamb"},
["ahg"] = {"Qimant"},
["ahh"] = {"Aghu"},
["ahi"] = {"Tiagbamrin Aizi"},
["ahk"] = {"Akha"},
["ahl"] = {"Igo"},
["ahm"] = {"Mobumrin Aizi"},
["ahn"] = {"Àhàn"},
["aho"] = {"Ahom"},
["ahp"] = {"Aproumu Aizi"},
["ahr"] = {"Ahirani"},
["ahs"] = {"Ashe"},
["aht"] = {"Ahtena"},
["aia"] = {"Arosi"},
["aib"] = {"Ainu (China)"},
["aic"] = {"Ainbai"},
["aid"] = {"Alngith"},
["aie"] = {"Amara"},
["aif"] = {"Agi"},
["aig"] = {"Antigua and Barbuda Creole English"},
["aih"] = {"Ai-Cham"},
["aii"] = {"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic"},
["aij"] = {"Lishanid Noshan"},
["aik"] = {"Ake"},
["ail"] = {"Aimele"},
["aim"] = {"Aimol"},
["ain"] = {"Ainu (Japan)"},
["aio"] = {"Aiton"},
["aip"] = {"Burumakok"},
["aiq"] = {"Aimaq"},
["air"] = {"Airoran"},
["ait"] = {"Arikem"},
["aiw"] = {"Aari"},
["aix"] = {"Aighon"},
["aiy"] = {"Ali"},
["aja"] = {"Aja (South Sudan)"},
["ajg"] = {"Aja (Benin)"},
["aji"] = {"Ajië"},
["ajn"] = {"Andajin"},
["ajs"] = {"Algerian Jewish Sign Language"},
["aju"] = {"Judeo-Moroccan Arabic"},
["ajw"] = {"Ajawa"},
["ajz"] = {"Amri Karbi"},
["akb"] = {"Batak Angkola"},
["akc"] = {"Mpur"},
["akd"] = {"Ukpet-Ehom"},
["ake"] = {"Akawaio"},
["akf"] = {"Akpa"},
["akg"] = {"Anakalangu"},
["akh"] = {"Angal Heneng"},
["aki"] = {"Aiome"},
["akj"] = {"Aka-Jeru"},
["akk"] = {"Akkadian"},
["akl"] = {"Aklanon"},
["akm"] = {"Aka-Bo"},
["ako"] = {"Akurio"},
["akp"] = {"Siwu"},
["akq"] = {"Ak"},
["akr"] = {"Araki"},
["aks"] = {"Akaselem"},
["akt"] = {"Akolet"},
["aku"] = {"Akum"},
["akv"] = {"Akhvakh"},
["akw"] = {"Akwa"},
["akx"] = {"Aka-Kede"},
["aky"] = {"Aka-Kol"},
["akz"] = {"Alabama"},
["ala"] = {"Alago"},
["alc"] = {"Qawasqar"},
["ald"] = {"Alladian"},
["ale"] = {"Aleut"},
["alf"] = {"Alege"},
["alg"] = {"Algonquian languages"},
["alh"] = {"Alawa"},
["ali"] = {"Amaimon"},
["alj"] = {"Alangan"},
["alk"] = {"Alak"},
["all"] = {"Allar"},
["alm"] = {"Amblong"},
["aln"] = {"Gheg Albanian"},
["alo"] = {"Larike-Wakasihu"},
["alp"] = {"Alune"},
["alq"] = {"Algonquin"},
["alr"] = {"Alutor"},
["als"] = {"Tosk Albanian"},
["alt"] = {"Southern Altai"},
["alu"] = {"'Are'are"},
["alv"] = {"Atlantic-Congo languages"},
["alw"] = {"Alaba-K’abeena", "Wanbasana"},
["alx"] = {"Amol"},
["aly"] = {"Alyawarr"},
["alz"] = {"Alur"},
["ama"] = {"Amanayé"},
["amb"] = {"Ambo"},
["amc"] = {"Amahuaca"},
["ame"] = {"Yanesha'"},
["amf"] = {"Hamer-Banna"},
["amg"] = {"Amurdak"},
["ami"] = {"Amis"},
["amj"] = {"Amdang"},
["amk"] = {"Ambai"},
["aml"] = {"War-Jaintia"},
["amm"] = {"Ama (Papua New Guinea)"},
["amn"] = {"Amanab"},
["amo"] = {"Amo"},
["amp"] = {"Alamblak"},
["amq"] = {"Amahai"},
["amr"] = {"Amarakaeri"},
["ams"] = {"Southern Amami-Oshima"},
["amt"] = {"Amto"},
["amu"] = {"Guerrero Amuzgo"},
["amv"] = {"Ambelau"},
["amw"] = {"Western Neo-Aramaic"},
["amx"] = {"Anmatyerre"},
["amy"] = {"Ami"},
["amz"] = {"Atampaya"},
["ana"] = {"Andaqui"},
["anb"] = {"Andoa"},
["anc"] = {"Ngas"},
["and"] = {"Ansus"},
["ane"] = {"Xârâcùù"},
["anf"] = {"Animere"},
["ang"] = {"Old English (ca. 450-1100)"},
["anh"] = {"Nend"},
["ani"] = {"Andi"},
["anj"] = {"Anor"},
["ank"] = {"Goemai"},
["anl"] = {"Anu-Hkongso Chin"},
["anm"] = {"Anal"},
["ann"] = {"Obolo"},
["ano"] = {"Andoque"},
["anp"] = {"Angika"},
["anq"] = {"Jarawa (India)"},
["anr"] = {"Andh"},
["ans"] = {"Anserma"},
["ant"] = {"Antakarinya", "Antikarinya"},
["anu"] = {"Anuak"},
["anv"] = {"Denya"},
["anw"] = {"Anaang"},
["anx"] = {"Andra-Hus"},
["any"] = {"Anyin"},
["anz"] = {"Anem"},
["aoa"] = {"Angolar"},
["aob"] = {"Abom"},
["aoc"] = {"Pemon"},
["aod"] = {"Andarum"},
["aoe"] = {"Angal Enen"},
["aof"] = {"Bragat"},
["aog"] = {"Angoram"},
["aoi"] = {"Anindilyakwa"},
["aoj"] = {"Mufian"},
["aok"] = {"Arhö"},
["aol"] = {"Alor"},
["aom"] = {"Ömie"},
["aon"] = {"Bumbita Arapesh"},
["aor"] = {"Aore"},
["aos"] = {"Taikat"},
["aot"] = {"Atong (India)", "A'tong"},
["aou"] = {"A'ou"},
["aox"] = {"Atorada"},
["aoz"] = {"Uab Meto"},
["apa"] = {"Apache languages"},
["apb"] = {"Sa'a"},
["apc"] = {"Levantine Arabic"},
["apd"] = {"Sudanese Arabic"},
["ape"] = {"Bukiyip"},
["apf"] = {"Pahanan Agta"},
["apg"] = {"Ampanang"},
["aph"] = {"Athpariya"},
["api"] = {"Apiaká"},
["apj"] = {"Jicarilla Apache"},
["apk"] = {"Kiowa Apache"},
["apl"] = {"Lipan Apache"},
["apm"] = {"Mescalero-Chiricahua Apache"},
["apn"] = {"Apinayé"},
["apo"] = {"Ambul"},
["app"] = {"Apma"},
["apq"] = {"A-Pucikwar"},
["apr"] = {"Arop-Lokep"},
["aps"] = {"Arop-Sissano"},
["apt"] = {"Apatani"},
["apu"] = {"Apurinã"},
["apv"] = {"Alapmunte"},
["apw"] = {"Western Apache"},
["apx"] = {"Aputai"},
["apy"] = {"Apalaí"},
["apz"] = {"Safeyoka"},
["aqa"] = {"Alacalufan languages"},
["aqc"] = {"Archi"},
["aqd"] = {"Ampari Dogon"},
["aqg"] = {"Arigidi"},
["aqk"] = {"Aninka"},
["aql"] = {"Algic languages"},
["aqm"] = {"Atohwaim"},
["aqn"] = {"Northern Alta"},
["aqp"] = {"Atakapa"},
["aqr"] = {"Arhâ"},
["aqt"] = {"Angaité"},
["aqz"] = {"Akuntsu"},
["arb"] = {"Standard Arabic"},
["arc"] = {"Official Aramaic (700-300 BCE)", "Imperial Aramaic (700-300 BCE)"},
["ard"] = {"Arabana"},
["are"] = {"Western Arrarnta"},
["arh"] = {"Arhuaco"},
["ari"] = {"Arikara"},
["arj"] = {"Arapaso"},
["ark"] = {"Arikapú"},
["arl"] = {"Arabela"},
["arn"] = {"Mapudungun", "Mapuche"},
["aro"] = {"Araona"},
["arp"] = {"Arapaho"},
["arq"] = {"Algerian Arabic"},
["arr"] = {"Karo (Brazil)"},
["ars"] = {"Najdi Arabic"},
["art"] = {"Artificial languages"},
["aru"] = {"Aruá (Amazonas State)", "Arawá"},
["arv"] = {"Arbore"},
["arw"] = {"Arawak"},
["arx"] = {"Aruá (Rodonia State)"},
["ary"] = {"Moroccan Arabic"},
["arz"] = {"Egyptian Arabic"},
["asa"] = {"Asu (Tanzania)"},
["asb"] = {"Assiniboine", "Nakoda Assiniboine"},
["asc"] = {"Casuarina Coast Asmat"},
["ase"] = {"American Sign Language"},
["asf"] = {"Auslan", "Australian Sign Language"},
["asg"] = {"Cishingini"},
["ash"] = {"Abishira"},
["asi"] = {"Buruwai"},
["asj"] = {"Sari"},
["ask"] = {"Ashkun"},
["asl"] = {"Asilulu"},
["asn"] = {"Xingú Asuriní"},
["aso"] = {"Dano"},
["asp"] = {"Algerian Sign Language"},
["asq"] = {"Austrian Sign Language"},
["asr"] = {"Asuri"},
["ass"] = {"Ipulo"},
["ast"] = {"Asturian", "Asturleonese", "Bable", "Leonese"},
["asu"] = {"Tocantins Asurini"},
["asv"] = {"Asoa"},
["asw"] = {"Australian Aborigines Sign Language"},
["asx"] = {"Muratayak"},
["asy"] = {"Yaosakor Asmat"},
["asz"] = {"As"},
["ata"] = {"Pele-Ata"},
["atb"] = {"Zaiwa"},
["atc"] = {"Atsahuaca"},
["atd"] = {"Ata Manobo"},
["ate"] = {"Atemble"},
["atg"] = {"Ivbie North-Okpela-Arhe"},
["ath"] = {"Athapascan languages"},
["ati"] = {"Attié"},
["atj"] = {"Atikamekw", "Nehirowimowin"},
["atk"] = {"Ati"},
["atl"] = {"Mt. Iraya Agta"},
["atm"] = {"Ata"},
["atn"] = {"Ashtiani"},
["ato"] = {"Atong (Cameroon)"},
["atp"] = {"Pudtol Atta"},
["atq"] = {"Aralle-Tabulahan"},
["atr"] = {"Waimiri-Atroari"},
["ats"] = {"Gros Ventre"},
["att"] = {"Pamplona Atta"},
["atu"] = {"Reel"},
["atv"] = {"Northern Altai"},
["atw"] = {"Atsugewi"},
["atx"] = {"Arutani"},
["aty"] = {"Aneityum"},
["atz"] = {"Arta"},
["aua"] = {"Asumboa"},
["aub"] = {"Alugu"},
["auc"] = {"Waorani"},
["aud"] = {"Anuta"},
["auf"] = {"Arauan languages"},
["aug"] = {"Aguna"},
["auh"] = {"Aushi"},
["aui"] = {"Anuki"},
["auj"] = {"Awjilah"},
["auk"] = {"Heyo"},
["aul"] = {"Aulua"},
["aum"] = {"Asu (Nigeria)"},
["aun"] = {"Molmo One"},
["auo"] = {"Auyokawa"},
["aup"] = {"Makayam"},
["auq"] = {"Anus", "Korur"},
["aur"] = {"Aruek"},
["aus"] = {"Australian languages"},
["aut"] = {"Austral"},
["auu"] = {"Auye"},
["auw"] = {"Awyi"},
["aux"] = {"Aurá"},
["auy"] = {"Awiyaana"},
["auz"] = {"Uzbeki Arabic"},
["avb"] = {"Avau"},
["avd"] = {"Alviri-Vidari"},
["avi"] = {"Avikam"},
["avk"] = {"Kotava"},
["avl"] = {"Eastern Egyptian Bedawi Arabic"},
["avm"] = {"Angkamuthi"},
["avn"] = {"Avatime"},
["avo"] = {"Agavotaguerra"},
["avs"] = {"Aushiri"},
["avt"] = {"Au"},
["avu"] = {"Avokaya"},
["avv"] = {"Avá-Canoeiro"},
["awa"] = {"Awadhi"},
["awb"] = {"Awa (Papua New Guinea)"},
["awc"] = {"Cicipu"},
["awd"] = {"Arawakan languages"},
["awe"] = {"Awetí"},
["awg"] = {"Anguthimri"},
["awh"] = {"Awbono"},
["awi"] = {"Aekyom"},
["awk"] = {"Awabakal"},
["awm"] = {"Arawum"},
["awn"] = {"Awngi"},
["awo"] = {"Awak"},
["awr"] = {"Awera"},
["aws"] = {"South Awyu"},
["awt"] = {"Araweté"},
["awu"] = {"Central Awyu"},
["awv"] = {"Jair Awyu"},
["aww"] = {"Awun"},
["awx"] = {"Awara"},
["awy"] = {"Edera Awyu"},
["axb"] = {"Abipon"},
["axe"] = {"Ayerrerenge"},
["axg"] = {"Mato Grosso Arára"},
["axk"] = {"Yaka (Central African Republic)"},
["axl"] = {"Lower Southern Aranda"},
["axm"] = {"Middle Armenian"},
["axx"] = {"Xârâgurè"},
["aya"] = {"Awar"},
["ayb"] = {"Ayizo Gbe"},
["ayc"] = {"Southern Aymara"},
["ayd"] = {"Ayabadhu"},
["aye"] = {"Ayere"},
["ayg"] = {"Ginyanga"},
["ayh"] = {"Hadrami Arabic"},
["ayi"] = {"Leyigha"},
["ayk"] = {"Akuku"},
["ayl"] = {"Libyan Arabic"},
["ayn"] = {"Sanaani Arabic"},
["ayo"] = {"Ayoreo"},
["ayp"] = {"North Mesopotamian Arabic"},
["ayq"] = {"Ayi (Papua New Guinea)"},
["ayr"] = {"Central Aymara"},
["ays"] = {"Sorsogon Ayta"},
["ayt"] = {"Magbukun Ayta"},
["ayu"] = {"Ayu"},
["ayz"] = {"Mai Brat"},
["aza"] = {"Azha"},
["azb"] = {"South Azerbaijani"},
["azc"] = {"Uto-Aztecan languages"},
["azd"] = {"Eastern Durango Nahuatl"},
["azg"] = {"San Pedro Amuzgos Amuzgo"},
["azj"] = {"North Azerbaijani"},
["azm"] = {"Ipalapa Amuzgo"},
["azn"] = {"Western Durango Nahuatl"},
["azo"] = {"Awing"},
["azt"] = {"Faire Atta"},
["azz"] = {"Highland Puebla Nahuatl"},
["baa"] = {"Babatana"},
["bab"] = {"Bainouk-Gunyuño"},
["bac"] = {"Badui"},
["bad"] = {"Banda languages"},
["bae"] = {"Baré"},
["baf"] = {"Nubaca"},
["bag"] = {"Tuki"},
["bah"] = {"Bahamas Creole English"},
["bai"] = {"Bamileke languages"},
["baj"] = {"Barakai"},
["bal"] = {"Baluchi"},
["ban"] = {"Balinese"},
["bao"] = {"Waimaha"},
["bap"] = {"Bantawa"},
["bar"] = {"Bavarian"},
["bas"] = {"Basa (Cameroon)"},
["bat"] = {"Baltic languages"},
["bau"] = {"Bada (Nigeria)"},
["bav"] = {"Vengo"},
["baw"] = {"Bambili-Bambui"},
["bax"] = {"Bamun"},
["bay"] = {"Batuley"},
["bba"] = {"Baatonum"},
["bbb"] = {"Barai"},
["bbc"] = {"Batak Toba"},
["bbd"] = {"Bau"},
["bbe"] = {"Bangba"},
["bbf"] = {"Baibai"},
["bbg"] = {"Barama"},
["bbh"] = {"Bugan"},
["bbi"] = {"Barombi"},
["bbj"] = {"Ghomálá'"},
["bbk"] = {"Babanki"},
["bbl"] = {"Bats"},
["bbm"] = {"Babango"},
["bbn"] = {"Uneapa"},
["bbo"] = {"Northern Bobo Madaré", "Konabéré"},
["bbp"] = {"West Central Banda"},
["bbq"] = {"Bamali"},
["bbr"] = {"Girawa"},
["bbs"] = {"Bakpinka"},
["bbt"] = {"Mburku"},
["bbu"] = {"Kulung (Nigeria)"},
["bbv"] = {"Karnai"},
["bbw"] = {"Baba"},
["bbx"] = {"Bubia"},
["bby"] = {"Befang"},
["bca"] = {"Central Bai"},
["bcb"] = {"Bainouk-Samik"},
["bcc"] = {"Southern Balochi"},
["bcd"] = {"North Babar"},
["bce"] = {"Bamenyam"},
["bcf"] = {"Bamu"},
["bcg"] = {"Baga Pokur"},
["bch"] = {"Bariai"},
["bci"] = {"Baoulé"},
["bcj"] = {"Bardi"},
["bck"] = {"Bunuba"},
["bcl"] = {"Central Bikol"},
["bcm"] = {"Bannoni"},
["bcn"] = {"Bali (Nigeria)"},
["bco"] = {"Kaluli"},
["bcp"] = {"Bali (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["bcq"] = {"Bench"},
["bcr"] = {"Babine"},
["bcs"] = {"Kohumono"},
["bct"] = {"Bendi"},
["bcu"] = {"Awad Bing"},
["bcv"] = {"Shoo-Minda-Nye"},
["bcw"] = {"Bana"},
["bcy"] = {"Bacama"},
["bcz"] = {"Bainouk-Gunyaamolo"},
["bda"] = {"Bayot"},
["bdb"] = {"Basap"},
["bdc"] = {"Emberá-Baudó"},
["bdd"] = {"Bunama"},
["bde"] = {"Bade"},
["bdf"] = {"Biage"},
["bdg"] = {"Bonggi"},
["bdh"] = {"Baka (South Sudan)"},
["bdi"] = {"Burun"},
["bdj"] = {"Bai (South Sudan)", "Bai"},
["bdk"] = {"Budukh"},
["bdl"] = {"Indonesian Bajau"},
["bdm"] = {"Buduma"},
["bdn"] = {"Baldemu"},
["bdo"] = {"Morom"},
["bdp"] = {"Bende"},
["bdq"] = {"Bahnar"},
["bdr"] = {"West Coast Bajau"},
["bds"] = {"Burunge"},
["bdt"] = {"Bokoto"},
["bdu"] = {"Oroko"},
["bdv"] = {"Bodo Parja"},
["bdw"] = {"Baham"},
["bdx"] = {"Budong-Budong"},
["bdy"] = {"Bandjalang"},
["bdz"] = {"Badeshi"},
["bea"] = {"Beaver"},
["beb"] = {"Bebele"},
["bec"] = {"Iceve-Maci"},
["bed"] = {"Bedoanas"},
["bee"] = {"Byangsi"},
["bef"] = {"Benabena"},
["beg"] = {"Belait"},
["beh"] = {"Biali"},
["bei"] = {"Bekati'"},
["bej"] = {"Beja", "Bedawiyet"},
["bek"] = {"Bebeli"},
["bem"] = {"Bemba (Zambia)"},
["beo"] = {"Beami"},
["bep"] = {"Besoa"},
["beq"] = {"Beembe"},
["ber"] = {"Berber languages"},
["bes"] = {"Besme"},
["bet"] = {"Guiberoua Béte"},
["beu"] = {"Blagar"},
["bev"] = {"Daloa Bété"},
["bew"] = {"Betawi"},
["bex"] = {"Jur Modo"},
["bey"] = {"Beli (Papua New Guinea)"},
["bez"] = {"Bena (Tanzania)"},
["bfa"] = {"Bari"},
["bfb"] = {"Pauri Bareli"},
["bfc"] = {"Panyi Bai", "Northern Bai"},
["bfd"] = {"Bafut"},
["bfe"] = {"Betaf", "Tena"},
["bff"] = {"Bofi"},
["bfg"] = {"Busang Kayan"},
["bfh"] = {"Blafe"},
["bfi"] = {"British Sign Language"},
["bfj"] = {"Bafanji"},
["bfk"] = {"Ban Khor Sign Language"},
["bfl"] = {"Banda-Ndélé"},
["bfm"] = {"Mmen"},
["bfn"] = {"Bunak"},
["bfo"] = {"Malba Birifor"},
["bfp"] = {"Beba"},
["bfq"] = {"Badaga"},
["bfr"] = {"Bazigar"},
["bfs"] = {"Southern Bai"},
["bft"] = {"Balti"},
["bfu"] = {"Gahri"},
["bfw"] = {"Bondo"},
["bfx"] = {"Bantayanon"},
["bfy"] = {"Bagheli"},
["bfz"] = {"Mahasu Pahari"},
["bga"] = {"Gwamhi-Wuri"},
["bgb"] = {"Bobongko"},
["bgc"] = {"Haryanvi"},
["bgd"] = {"Rathwi Bareli"},
["bge"] = {"Bauria"},
["bgf"] = {"Bangandu"},
["bgg"] = {"Bugun"},
["bgi"] = {"Giangan"},
["bgj"] = {"Bangolan"},
["bgk"] = {"Bit", "Buxinhua"},
["bgl"] = {"Bo (Laos)"},
["bgn"] = {"Western Balochi"},
["bgo"] = {"Baga Koga"},
["bgp"] = {"Eastern Balochi"},
["bgq"] = {"Bagri"},
["bgr"] = {"Bawm Chin"},
["bgs"] = {"Tagabawa"},
["bgt"] = {"Bughotu"},
["bgu"] = {"Mbongno"},
["bgv"] = {"Warkay-Bipim"},
["bgw"] = {"Bhatri"},
["bgx"] = {"Balkan Gagauz Turkish"},
["bgy"] = {"Benggoi"},
["bgz"] = {"Banggai"},
["bha"] = {"Bharia"},
["bhb"] = {"Bhili"},
["bhc"] = {"Biga"},
["bhd"] = {"Bhadrawahi"},
["bhe"] = {"Bhaya"},
["bhf"] = {"Odiai"},
["bhg"] = {"Binandere"},
["bhh"] = {"Bukharic"},
["bhi"] = {"Bhilali"},
["bhj"] = {"Bahing"},
["bhl"] = {"Bimin"},
["bhm"] = {"Bathari"},
["bhn"] = {"Bohtan Neo-Aramaic"},
["bho"] = {"Bhojpuri"},
["bhp"] = {"Bima"},
["bhq"] = {"Tukang Besi South"},
["bhr"] = {"Bara Malagasy"},
["bhs"] = {"Buwal"},
["bht"] = {"Bhattiyali"},
["bhu"] = {"Bhunjia"},
["bhv"] = {"Bahau"},
["bhw"] = {"Biak"},
["bhx"] = {"Bhalay"},
["bhy"] = {"Bhele"},
["bhz"] = {"Bada (Indonesia)"},
["bia"] = {"Badimaya"},
["bib"] = {"Bissa", "Bisa"},
["bid"] = {"Bidiyo"},
["bie"] = {"Bepour"},
["bif"] = {"Biafada"},
["big"] = {"Biangai"},
["bih"] = {"Bihari languages"},
["bik"] = {"Bikol"},
["bil"] = {"Bile"},
["bim"] = {"Bimoba"},
["bin"] = {"Bini", "Edo"},
["bio"] = {"Nai"},
["bip"] = {"Bila"},
["biq"] = {"Bipi"},
["bir"] = {"Bisorio"},
["bit"] = {"Berinomo"},
["biu"] = {"Biete"},
["biv"] = {"Southern Birifor"},
["biw"] = {"Kol (Cameroon)"},
["bix"] = {"Bijori"},
["biy"] = {"Birhor"},
["biz"] = {"Baloi"},
["bja"] = {"Budza"},
["bjb"] = {"Banggarla"},
["bjc"] = {"Bariji"},
["bje"] = {"Biao-Jiao Mien"},
["bjf"] = {"Barzani Jewish Neo-Aramaic"},
["bjg"] = {"Bidyogo"},
["bjh"] = {"Bahinemo"},
["bji"] = {"Burji"},
["bjj"] = {"Kanauji"},
["bjk"] = {"Barok"},
["bjl"] = {"Bulu (Papua New Guinea)"},
["bjm"] = {"Bajelani"},
["bjn"] = {"Banjar"},
["bjo"] = {"Mid-Southern Banda"},
["bjp"] = {"Fanamaket"},
["bjr"] = {"Binumarien"},
["bjs"] = {"Bajan"},
["bjt"] = {"Balanta-Ganja"},
["bju"] = {"Busuu"},
["bjv"] = {"Bedjond"},
["bjw"] = {"Bakwé"},
["bjx"] = {"Banao Itneg"},
["bjy"] = {"Bayali"},
["bjz"] = {"Baruga"},
["bka"] = {"Kyak"},
["bkc"] = {"Baka (Cameroon)"},
["bkd"] = {"Binukid", "Talaandig"},
["bkf"] = {"Beeke"},
["bkg"] = {"Buraka"},
["bkh"] = {"Bakoko"},
["bki"] = {"Baki"},
["bkj"] = {"Pande"},
["bkk"] = {"Brokskat"},
["bkl"] = {"Berik"},
["bkm"] = {"Kom (Cameroon)"},
["bkn"] = {"Bukitan"},
["bko"] = {"Kwa'"},
["bkp"] = {"Boko (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["bkq"] = {"Bakairí"},
["bkr"] = {"Bakumpai"},
["bks"] = {"Northern Sorsoganon"},
["bkt"] = {"Boloki"},
["bku"] = {"Buhid"},
["bkv"] = {"Bekwarra"},
["bkw"] = {"Bekwel"},
["bkx"] = {"Baikeno"},
["bky"] = {"Bokyi"},
["bkz"] = {"Bungku"},
["bla"] = {"Siksika"},
["blb"] = {"Bilua"},
["blc"] = {"Bella Coola"},
["bld"] = {"Bolango"},
["ble"] = {"Balanta-Kentohe"},
["blf"] = {"Buol"},
["blh"] = {"Kuwaa"},
["bli"] = {"Bolia"},
["blj"] = {"Bolongan"},
["blk"] = {"Pa'o Karen", "Pa'O"},
["bll"] = {"Biloxi"},
["blm"] = {"Beli (South Sudan)"},
["bln"] = {"Southern Catanduanes Bikol"},
["blo"] = {"Anii"},
["blp"] = {"Blablanga"},
["blq"] = {"Baluan-Pam"},
["blr"] = {"Blang"},
["bls"] = {"Balaesang"},
["blt"] = {"Tai Dam"},
["blv"] = {"Kibala", "Bolo"},
["blw"] = {"Balangao"},
["blx"] = {"Mag-Indi Ayta"},
["bly"] = {"Notre"},
["blz"] = {"Balantak"},
["bma"] = {"Lame"},
["bmb"] = {"Bembe"},
["bmc"] = {"Biem"},
["bmd"] = {"Baga Manduri"},
["bme"] = {"Limassa"},
["bmf"] = {"Bom-Kim"},
["bmg"] = {"Bamwe"},
["bmh"] = {"Kein"},
["bmi"] = {"Bagirmi"},
["bmj"] = {"Bote-Majhi"},
["bmk"] = {"Ghayavi"},
["bml"] = {"Bomboli"},
["bmm"] = {"Northern Betsimisaraka Malagasy"},
["bmn"] = {"Bina (Papua New Guinea)"},
["bmo"] = {"Bambalang"},
["bmp"] = {"Bulgebi"},
["bmq"] = {"Bomu"},
["bmr"] = {"Muinane"},
["bms"] = {"Bilma Kanuri"},
["bmt"] = {"Biao Mon"},
["bmu"] = {"Somba-Siawari"},
["bmv"] = {"Bum"},
["bmw"] = {"Bomwali"},
["bmx"] = {"Baimak"},
["bmz"] = {"Baramu"},
["bna"] = {"Bonerate"},
["bnb"] = {"Bookan"},
["bnc"] = {"Bontok"},
["bnd"] = {"Banda (Indonesia)"},
["bne"] = {"Bintauna"},
["bnf"] = {"Masiwang"},
["bng"] = {"Benga"},
["bni"] = {"Bangi"},
["bnj"] = {"Eastern Tawbuid"},
["bnk"] = {"Bierebo"},
["bnl"] = {"Boon"},
["bnm"] = {"Batanga"},
["bnn"] = {"Bunun"},
["bno"] = {"Bantoanon"},
["bnp"] = {"Bola"},
["bnq"] = {"Bantik"},
["bnr"] = {"Butmas-Tur"},
["bns"] = {"Bundeli"},
["bnt"] = {"Bantu languages"},
["bnu"] = {"Bentong"},
["bnv"] = {"Bonerif", "Beneraf", "Edwas"},
["bnw"] = {"Bisis"},
["bnx"] = {"Bangubangu"},
["bny"] = {"Bintulu"},
["bnz"] = {"Beezen"},
["boa"] = {"Bora"},
["bob"] = {"Aweer"},
["boe"] = {"Mundabli-Mufu"},
["bof"] = {"Bolon"},
["bog"] = {"Bamako Sign Language"},
["boh"] = {"Boma"},
["boi"] = {"Barbareño"},
["boj"] = {"Anjam"},
["bok"] = {"Bonjo"},
["bol"] = {"Bole"},
["bom"] = {"Berom"},
["bon"] = {"Bine"},
["boo"] = {"Tiemacèwè Bozo"},
["bop"] = {"Bonkiman"},
["boq"] = {"Bogaya"},
["bor"] = {"Borôro"},
["bot"] = {"Bongo"},
["bou"] = {"Bondei"},
["bov"] = {"Tuwuli"},
["bow"] = {"Rema"},
["box"] = {"Buamu"},
["boy"] = {"Bodo (Central African Republic)"},
["boz"] = {"Tiéyaxo Bozo"},
["bpa"] = {"Daakaka"},
["bpc"] = {"Mbuk"},
["bpd"] = {"Banda-Banda"},
["bpe"] = {"Bauni"},
["bpg"] = {"Bonggo"},
["bph"] = {"Botlikh"},
["bpi"] = {"Bagupi"},
["bpj"] = {"Binji"},
["bpk"] = {"Orowe", "'Ôrôê"},
["bpl"] = {"Broome Pearling Lugger Pidgin"},
["bpm"] = {"Biyom"},
["bpn"] = {"Dzao Min"},
["bpo"] = {"Anasi"},
["bpp"] = {"Kaure"},
["bpq"] = {"Banda Malay"},
["bpr"] = {"Koronadal Blaan"},
["bps"] = {"Sarangani Blaan"},
["bpt"] = {"Barrow Point"},
["bpu"] = {"Bongu"},
["bpv"] = {"Bian Marind"},
["bpw"] = {"Bo (Papua New Guinea)"},
["bpx"] = {"Palya Bareli"},
["bpy"] = {"Bishnupriya"},
["bpz"] = {"Bilba"},
["bqa"] = {"Tchumbuli"},
["bqb"] = {"Bagusa"},
["bqc"] = {"Boko (Benin)", "Boo"},
["bqd"] = {"Bung"},
["bqf"] = {"Baga Kaloum"},
["bqg"] = {"Bago-Kusuntu"},
["bqh"] = {"Baima"},
["bqi"] = {"Bakhtiari"},
["bqj"] = {"Bandial"},
["bqk"] = {"Banda-Mbrès"},
["bql"] = {"Karian", "Bilakura"},
["bqm"] = {"Wumboko"},
["bqn"] = {"Bulgarian Sign Language"},
["bqo"] = {"Balo"},
["bqp"] = {"Busa"},
["bqq"] = {"Biritai"},
["bqr"] = {"Burusu"},
["bqs"] = {"Bosngun"},
["bqt"] = {"Bamukumbit"},
["bqu"] = {"Boguru"},
["bqv"] = {"Koro Wachi", "Begbere-Ejar"},
["bqw"] = {"Buru (Nigeria)"},
["bqx"] = {"Baangi"},
["bqy"] = {"Bengkala Sign Language"},
["bqz"] = {"Bakaka"},
["bra"] = {"Braj"},
["brb"] = {"Brao", "Lave"},
["brc"] = {"Berbice Creole Dutch"},
["brd"] = {"Baraamu"},
["brf"] = {"Bira"},
["brg"] = {"Baure"},
["brh"] = {"Brahui"},
["bri"] = {"Mokpwe"},
["brj"] = {"Bieria"},
["brk"] = {"Birked"},
["brl"] = {"Birwa"},
["brm"] = {"Barambu"},
["brn"] = {"Boruca"},
["bro"] = {"Brokkat"},
["brp"] = {"Barapasi"},
["brq"] = {"Breri"},
["brr"] = {"Birao"},
["brs"] = {"Baras"},
["brt"] = {"Bitare"},
["bru"] = {"Eastern Bru"},
["brv"] = {"Western Bru"},
["brw"] = {"Bellari"},
["brx"] = {"Bodo (India)"},
["bry"] = {"Burui"},
["brz"] = {"Bilbil"},
["bsa"] = {"Abinomn"},
["bsb"] = {"Brunei Bisaya"},
["bsc"] = {"Bassari", "Oniyan"},
["bse"] = {"Wushi"},
["bsf"] = {"Bauchi"},
["bsg"] = {"Bashkardi"},
["bsh"] = {"Kati"},
["bsi"] = {"Bassossi"},
["bsj"] = {"Bangwinji"},
["bsk"] = {"Burushaski"},
["bsl"] = {"Basa-Gumna"},
["bsm"] = {"Busami"},
["bsn"] = {"Barasana-Eduria"},
["bso"] = {"Buso"},
["bsp"] = {"Baga Sitemu"},
["bsq"] = {"Bassa"},
["bsr"] = {"Bassa-Kontagora"},
["bss"] = {"Akoose"},
["bst"] = {"Basketo"},
["bsu"] = {"Bahonsuai"},
["bsv"] = {"Baga Sobané"},
["bsw"] = {"Baiso"},
["bsx"] = {"Yangkam"},
["bsy"] = {"Sabah Bisaya"},
["bta"] = {"Bata"},
["btc"] = {"Bati (Cameroon)"},
["btd"] = {"Batak Dairi"},
["bte"] = {"Gamo-Ningi"},
["btf"] = {"Birgit"},
["btg"] = {"Gagnoa Bété"},
["bth"] = {"Biatah Bidayuh"},
["bti"] = {"Burate"},
["btj"] = {"Bacanese Malay"},
["btk"] = {"Batak languages"},
["btm"] = {"Batak Mandailing"},
["btn"] = {"Ratagnon"},
["bto"] = {"Rinconada Bikol"},
["btp"] = {"Budibud"},
["btq"] = {"Batek"},
["btr"] = {"Baetora"},
["bts"] = {"Batak Simalungun"},
["btt"] = {"Bete-Bendi"},
["btu"] = {"Batu"},
["btv"] = {"Bateri"},
["btw"] = {"Butuanon"},
["btx"] = {"Batak Karo"},
["bty"] = {"Bobot"},
["btz"] = {"Batak Alas-Kluet"},
["bua"] = {"Buriat"},
["bub"] = {"Bua"},
["buc"] = {"Bushi"},
["bud"] = {"Ntcham"},
["bue"] = {"Beothuk"},
["buf"] = {"Bushoong"},
["bug"] = {"Buginese"},
["buh"] = {"Younuo Bunu"},
["bui"] = {"Bongili"},
["buj"] = {"Basa-Gurmana"},
["buk"] = {"Bugawac"},
["bum"] = {"Bulu (Cameroon)"},
["bun"] = {"Sherbro"},
["buo"] = {"Terei"},
["bup"] = {"Busoa"},
["buq"] = {"Brem"},
["bus"] = {"Bokobaru"},
["but"] = {"Bungain"},
["buu"] = {"Budu"},
["buv"] = {"Bun"},
["buw"] = {"Bubi"},
["bux"] = {"Boghom"},
["buy"] = {"Bullom So"},
["buz"] = {"Bukwen"},
["bva"] = {"Barein"},
["bvb"] = {"Bube"},
["bvc"] = {"Baelelea"},
["bvd"] = {"Baeggu"},
["bve"] = {"Berau Malay"},
["bvf"] = {"Boor"},
["bvg"] = {"Bonkeng"},
["bvh"] = {"Bure"},
["bvi"] = {"Belanda Viri"},
["bvj"] = {"Baan"},
["bvk"] = {"Bukat"},
["bvl"] = {"Bolivian Sign Language"},
["bvm"] = {"Bamunka"},
["bvn"] = {"Buna"},
["bvo"] = {"Bolgo"},
["bvp"] = {"Bumang"},
["bvq"] = {"Birri"},
["bvr"] = {"Burarra"},
["bvt"] = {"Bati (Indonesia)"},
["bvu"] = {"Bukit Malay"},
["bvv"] = {"Baniva"},
["bvw"] = {"Boga"},
["bvx"] = {"Dibole"},
["bvy"] = {"Baybayanon"},
["bvz"] = {"Bauzi"},
["bwa"] = {"Bwatoo"},
["bwb"] = {"Namosi-Naitasiri-Serua"},
["bwc"] = {"Bwile"},
["bwd"] = {"Bwaidoka"},
["bwe"] = {"Bwe Karen"},
["bwf"] = {"Boselewa"},
["bwg"] = {"Barwe"},
["bwh"] = {"Bishuo"},
["bwi"] = {"Baniwa"},
["bwj"] = {"Láá Láá Bwamu"},
["bwk"] = {"Bauwaki"},
["bwl"] = {"Bwela"},
["bwm"] = {"Biwat"},
["bwn"] = {"Wunai Bunu"},
["bwo"] = {"Boro (Ethiopia)", "Borna (Ethiopia)"},
["bwp"] = {"Mandobo Bawah"},
["bwq"] = {"Southern Bobo Madaré"},
["bwr"] = {"Bura-Pabir"},
["bws"] = {"Bomboma"},
["bwt"] = {"Bafaw-Balong"},
["bwu"] = {"Buli (Ghana)"},
["bww"] = {"Bwa"},
["bwx"] = {"Bu-Nao Bunu"},
["bwy"] = {"Cwi Bwamu"},
["bwz"] = {"Bwisi"},
["bxa"] = {"Tairaha"},
["bxb"] = {"Belanda Bor"},
["bxc"] = {"Molengue"},
["bxd"] = {"Pela"},
["bxe"] = {"Birale"},
["bxf"] = {"Bilur", "Minigir"},
["bxg"] = {"Bangala"},
["bxh"] = {"Buhutu"},
["bxi"] = {"Pirlatapa"},
["bxj"] = {"Bayungu"},
["bxk"] = {"Bukusu", "Lubukusu"},
["bxl"] = {"Jalkunan"},
["bxm"] = {"Mongolia Buriat"},
["bxn"] = {"Burduna"},
["bxo"] = {"Barikanchi"},
["bxp"] = {"Bebil"},
["bxq"] = {"Beele"},
["bxr"] = {"Russia Buriat"},
["bxs"] = {"Busam"},
["bxu"] = {"China Buriat"},
["bxv"] = {"Berakou"},
["bxw"] = {"Bankagooma"},
["bxz"] = {"Binahari"},
["bya"] = {"Batak"},
["byb"] = {"Bikya"},
["byc"] = {"Ubaghara"},
["byd"] = {"Benyadu'"},
["bye"] = {"Pouye"},
["byf"] = {"Bete"},
["byg"] = {"Baygo"},
["byh"] = {"Bhujel"},
["byi"] = {"Buyu"},
["byj"] = {"Bina (Nigeria)"},
["byk"] = {"Biao"},
["byl"] = {"Bayono"},
["bym"] = {"Bidjara"},
["byn"] = {"Bilin", "Blin"},
["byo"] = {"Biyo"},
["byp"] = {"Bumaji"},
["byq"] = {"Basay"},
["byr"] = {"Baruya", "Yipma"},
["bys"] = {"Burak"},
["byt"] = {"Berti"},
["byv"] = {"Medumba"},
["byw"] = {"Belhariya"},
["byx"] = {"Qaqet"},
["byz"] = {"Banaro"},
["bza"] = {"Bandi"},
["bzb"] = {"Andio"},
["bzc"] = {"Southern Betsimisaraka Malagasy"},
["bzd"] = {"Bribri"},
["bze"] = {"Jenaama Bozo"},
["bzf"] = {"Boikin"},
["bzg"] = {"Babuza"},
["bzh"] = {"Mapos Buang"},
["bzi"] = {"Bisu"},
["bzj"] = {"Belize Kriol English"},
["bzk"] = {"Nicaragua Creole English"},
["bzl"] = {"Boano (Sulawesi)"},
["bzm"] = {"Bolondo"},
["bzn"] = {"Boano (Maluku)"},
["bzo"] = {"Bozaba"},
["bzp"] = {"Kemberano"},
["bzq"] = {"Buli (Indonesia)"},
["bzr"] = {"Biri"},
["bzs"] = {"Brazilian Sign Language"},
["bzt"] = {"Brithenig"},
["bzu"] = {"Burmeso"},
["bzv"] = {"Naami"},
["bzw"] = {"Basa (Nigeria)"},
["bzx"] = {"Kɛlɛngaxo Bozo"},
["bzy"] = {"Obanliku"},
["bzz"] = {"Evant"},
["caa"] = {"Chortí"},
["cab"] = {"Garifuna"},
["cac"] = {"Chuj"},
["cad"] = {"Caddo"},
["cae"] = {"Lehar", "Laalaa"},
["caf"] = {"Southern Carrier"},
["cag"] = {"Nivaclé"},
["cah"] = {"Cahuarano"},
["cai"] = {"Central American Indian languages"},
["caj"] = {"Chané"},
["cak"] = {"Kaqchikel", "Cakchiquel"},
["cal"] = {"Carolinian"},
["cam"] = {"Cemuhî"},
["can"] = {"Chambri"},
["cao"] = {"Chácobo"},
["cap"] = {"Chipaya"},
["caq"] = {"Car Nicobarese"},
["car"] = {"Galibi Carib"},
["cas"] = {"Tsimané"},
["cau"] = {"Caucasian languages"},
["cav"] = {"Cavineña"},
["caw"] = {"Callawalla"},
["cax"] = {"Chiquitano"},
["cay"] = {"Cayuga"},
["caz"] = {"Canichana"},
["cba"] = {"Chibchan languages"},
["cbb"] = {"Cabiyarí"},
["cbc"] = {"Carapana"},
["cbd"] = {"Carijona"},
["cbg"] = {"Chimila"},
["cbi"] = {"Chachi"},
["cbj"] = {"Ede Cabe"},
["cbk"] = {"Chavacano"},
["cbl"] = {"Bualkhaw Chin"},
["cbn"] = {"Nyahkur"},
["cbo"] = {"Izora"},
["cbq"] = {"Tsucuba", "Cuba"},
["cbr"] = {"Cashibo-Cacataibo"},
["cbs"] = {"Cashinahua"},
["cbt"] = {"Chayahuita"},
["cbu"] = {"Candoshi-Shapra"},
["cbv"] = {"Cacua"},
["cbw"] = {"Kinabalian"},
["cby"] = {"Carabayo"},
["ccc"] = {"Chamicuro"},
["ccd"] = {"Cafundo Creole"},
["cce"] = {"Chopi"},
["ccg"] = {"Samba Daka"},
["cch"] = {"Atsam"},
["ccj"] = {"Kasanga"},
["ccl"] = {"Cutchi-Swahili"},
["ccm"] = {"Malaccan Creole Malay"},
["ccn"] = {"North Caucasian languages"},
["cco"] = {"Comaltepec Chinantec"},
["ccp"] = {"Chakma"},
["ccr"] = {"Cacaopera"},
["ccs"] = {"South Caucasian languages"},
["cda"] = {"Choni"},
["cdc"] = {"Chadic languages"},
["cdd"] = {"Caddoan languages"},
["cde"] = {"Chenchu"},
["cdf"] = {"Chiru"},
["cdh"] = {"Chambeali"},
["cdi"] = {"Chodri"},
["cdj"] = {"Churahi"},
["cdm"] = {"Chepang"},
["cdn"] = {"Chaudangsi"},
["cdo"] = {"Min Dong Chinese"},
["cdr"] = {"Cinda-Regi-Tiyal"},
["cds"] = {"Chadian Sign Language"},
["cdy"] = {"Chadong"},
["cdz"] = {"Koda"},
["cea"] = {"Lower Chehalis"},
["ceb"] = {"Cebuano"},
["ceg"] = {"Chamacoco"},
["cek"] = {"Eastern Khumi Chin"},
["cel"] = {"Celtic languages"},
["cen"] = {"Cen"},
["cet"] = {"Centúúm"},
["cey"] = {"Ekai Chin"},
["cfa"] = {"Dijim-Bwilim"},
["cfd"] = {"Cara"},
["cfg"] = {"Como Karim"},
["cfm"] = {"Falam Chin"},
["cga"] = {"Changriwa"},
["cgc"] = {"Kagayanen"},
["cgg"] = {"Chiga"},
["cgk"] = {"Chocangacakha"},
["chb"] = {"Chibcha"},
["chc"] = {"Catawba"},
["chd"] = {"Highland Oaxaca Chontal"},
["chf"] = {"Tabasco Chontal"},
["chg"] = {"Chagatai"},
["chh"] = {"Chinook"},
["chj"] = {"Ojitlán Chinantec"},
["chk"] = {"Chuukese"},
["chl"] = {"Cahuilla"},
["chm"] = {"Mari (Russia)"},
["chn"] = {"Chinook jargon"},
["cho"] = {"Choctaw"},
["chp"] = {"Chipewyan", "Dene Suline"},
["chq"] = {"Quiotepec Chinantec"},
["chr"] = {"Cherokee"},
["cht"] = {"Cholón"},
["chw"] = {"Chuwabu"},
["chx"] = {"Chantyal"},
["chy"] = {"Cheyenne"},
["chz"] = {"Ozumacín Chinantec"},
["cia"] = {"Cia-Cia"},
["cib"] = {"Ci Gbe"},
["cic"] = {"Chickasaw"},
["cid"] = {"Chimariko"},
["cie"] = {"Cineni"},
["cih"] = {"Chinali"},
["cik"] = {"Chitkuli Kinnauri"},
["cim"] = {"Cimbrian"},
["cin"] = {"Cinta Larga"},
["cip"] = {"Chiapanec"},
["cir"] = {"Tiri", "Haméa", "Méa"},
["ciw"] = {"Chippewa"},
["ciy"] = {"Chaima"},
["cja"] = {"Western Cham"},
["cje"] = {"Chru"},
["cjh"] = {"Upper Chehalis"},
["cji"] = {"Chamalal"},
["cjk"] = {"Chokwe"},
["cjm"] = {"Eastern Cham"},
["cjn"] = {"Chenapian"},
["cjo"] = {"Ashéninka Pajonal"},
["cjp"] = {"Cabécar"},
["cjs"] = {"Shor"},
["cjv"] = {"Chuave"},
["cjy"] = {"Jinyu Chinese"},
["ckb"] = {"Central Kurdish"},
["ckh"] = {"Chak"},
["ckl"] = {"Cibak"},
["ckm"] = {"Chakavian"},
["ckn"] = {"Kaang Chin"},
["cko"] = {"Anufo"},
["ckq"] = {"Kajakse"},
["ckr"] = {"Kairak"},
["cks"] = {"Tayo"},
["ckt"] = {"Chukot"},
["cku"] = {"Koasati"},
["ckv"] = {"Kavalan"},
["ckx"] = {"Caka"},
["cky"] = {"Cakfem-Mushere"},
["ckz"] = {"Cakchiquel-Quiché Mixed Language"},
["cla"] = {"Ron"},
["clc"] = {"Chilcotin", "Tsilhqot’in"},
["cld"] = {"Chaldean Neo-Aramaic"},
["cle"] = {"Lealao Chinantec"},
["clh"] = {"Chilisso"},
["cli"] = {"Chakali"},
["clj"] = {"Laitu Chin"},
["clk"] = {"Idu-Mishmi"},
["cll"] = {"Chala"},
["clm"] = {"Klallam", "Clallam"},
["clo"] = {"Lowland Oaxaca Chontal"},
["cls"] = {"Classical Sanskrit"},
["clt"] = {"Lautu Chin"},
["clu"] = {"Caluyanun"},
["clw"] = {"Chulym"},
["cly"] = {"Eastern Highland Chatino"},
["cma"] = {"Maa"},
["cmc"] = {"Chamic languages"},
["cme"] = {"Cerma"},
["cmg"] = {"Classical Mongolian"},
["cmi"] = {"Emberá-Chamí"},
["cml"] = {"Campalagian"},
["cmm"] = {"Michigamea"},
["cmn"] = {"Mandarin Chinese"},
["cmo"] = {"Central Mnong"},
["cmr"] = {"Mro-Khimi Chin"},
["cms"] = {"Messapic"},
["cmt"] = {"Camtho"},
["cna"] = {"Changthang"},
["cnb"] = {"Chinbon Chin"},
["cnc"] = {"Côông"},
["cng"] = {"Northern Qiang"},
["cnh"] = {"Hakha Chin", "Haka Chin"},
["cni"] = {"Asháninka"},
["cnk"] = {"Khumi Chin"},
["cnl"] = {"Lalana Chinantec"},
["cno"] = {"Con"},
["cnp"] = {"Northern Ping Chinese", "Northern Pinghua"},
["cnq"] = {"Chung"},
["cnr"] = {"Montenegrin"},
["cns"] = {"Central Asmat"},
["cnt"] = {"Tepetotutla Chinantec"},
["cnu"] = {"Chenoua"},
["cnw"] = {"Ngawn Chin"},
["cnx"] = {"Middle Cornish"},
["coa"] = {"Cocos Islands Malay"},
["cob"] = {"Chicomuceltec"},
["coc"] = {"Cocopa"},
["cod"] = {"Cocama-Cocamilla"},
["coe"] = {"Koreguaje"},
["cof"] = {"Colorado"},
["cog"] = {"Chong"},
["coh"] = {"Chonyi-Dzihana-Kauma", "Chichonyi-Chidzihana-Chikauma"},
["coj"] = {"Cochimi"},
["cok"] = {"Santa Teresa Cora"},
["col"] = {"Columbia-Wenatchi"},
["com"] = {"Comanche"},
["con"] = {"Cofán"},
["coo"] = {"Comox"},
["cop"] = {"Coptic"},
["coq"] = {"Coquille"},
["cot"] = {"Caquinte"},
["cou"] = {"Wamey"},
["cov"] = {"Cao Miao"},
["cow"] = {"Cowlitz"},
["cox"] = {"Nanti"},
["coz"] = {"Chochotec"},
["cpa"] = {"Palantla Chinantec"},
["cpb"] = {"Ucayali-Yurúa Ashéninka"},
["cpc"] = {"Ajyíninka Apurucayali"},
["cpe"] = {"English-based creoles and pidgins"},
["cpf"] = {"French-based creoles and pidgins"},
["cpg"] = {"Cappadocian Greek"},
["cpi"] = {"Chinese Pidgin English"},
["cpn"] = {"Cherepon"},
["cpo"] = {"Kpeego"},
["cpp"] = {"Portuguese-based creoles and pidgins"},
["cps"] = {"Capiznon"},
["cpu"] = {"Pichis Ashéninka"},
["cpx"] = {"Pu-Xian Chinese"},
["cpy"] = {"South Ucayali Ashéninka"},
["cqd"] = {"Chuanqiandian Cluster Miao"},
["cra"] = {"Chara"},
["crb"] = {"Island Carib"},
["crc"] = {"Lonwolwol"},
["crd"] = {"Coeur d'Alene"},
["crf"] = {"Caramanta"},
["crg"] = {"Michif"},
["crh"] = {"Crimean Tatar", "Crimean Turkish"},
["cri"] = {"Sãotomense"},
["crj"] = {"Southern East Cree"},
["crk"] = {"Plains Cree"},
["crl"] = {"Northern East Cree"},
["crm"] = {"Moose Cree"},
["crn"] = {"El Nayar Cora"},
["cro"] = {"Crow"},
["crp"] = {"Creoles and pidgins"},
["crq"] = {"Iyo'wujwa Chorote"},
["crr"] = {"Carolina Algonquian"},
["crs"] = {"Seselwa Creole French"},
["crt"] = {"Iyojwa'ja Chorote"},
["crv"] = {"Chaura"},
["crw"] = {"Chrau"},
["crx"] = {"Carrier"},
["cry"] = {"Cori"},
["crz"] = {"Cruzeño"},
["csa"] = {"Chiltepec Chinantec"},
["csb"] = {"Kashubian"},
["csc"] = {"Catalan Sign Language", "Lengua de señas catalana", "Llengua de Signes Catalana"},
["csd"] = {"Chiangmai Sign Language"},
["cse"] = {"Czech Sign Language"},
["csf"] = {"Cuba Sign Language"},
["csg"] = {"Chilean Sign Language"},
["csh"] = {"Asho Chin"},
["csi"] = {"Coast Miwok"},
["csj"] = {"Songlai Chin"},
["csk"] = {"Jola-Kasa"},
["csl"] = {"Chinese Sign Language"},
["csm"] = {"Central Sierra Miwok"},
["csn"] = {"Colombian Sign Language"},
["cso"] = {"Sochiapam Chinantec", "Sochiapan Chinantec"},
["csp"] = {"Southern Ping Chinese", "Southern Pinghua"},
["csq"] = {"Croatia Sign Language"},
["csr"] = {"Costa Rican Sign Language"},
["css"] = {"Southern Ohlone"},
["cst"] = {"Northern Ohlone"},
["csu"] = {"Central Sudanic languages"},
["csv"] = {"Sumtu Chin"},
["csw"] = {"Swampy Cree"},
["csx"] = {"Cambodian Sign Language"},
["csy"] = {"Siyin Chin"},
["csz"] = {"Coos"},
["cta"] = {"Tataltepec Chatino"},
["ctc"] = {"Chetco"},
["ctd"] = {"Tedim Chin"},
["cte"] = {"Tepinapa Chinantec"},
["ctg"] = {"Chittagonian"},
["cth"] = {"Thaiphum Chin"},
["ctl"] = {"Tlacoatzintepec Chinantec"},
["ctm"] = {"Chitimacha"},
["ctn"] = {"Chhintange"},
["cto"] = {"Emberá-Catío"},
["ctp"] = {"Western Highland Chatino"},
["cts"] = {"Northern Catanduanes Bikol"},
["ctt"] = {"Wayanad Chetti"},
["ctu"] = {"Chol"},
["cty"] = {"Moundadan Chetty"},
["ctz"] = {"Zacatepec Chatino"},
["cua"] = {"Cua"},
["cub"] = {"Cubeo"},
["cuc"] = {"Usila Chinantec"},
["cuh"] = {"Chuka", "Gichuka"},
["cui"] = {"Cuiba"},
["cuj"] = {"Mashco Piro"},
["cuk"] = {"San Blas Kuna"},
["cul"] = {"Culina", "Kulina"},
["cuo"] = {"Cumanagoto"},
["cup"] = {"Cupeño"},
["cuq"] = {"Cun"},
["cur"] = {"Chhulung"},
["cus"] = {"Cushitic languages"},
["cut"] = {"Teutila Cuicatec"},
["cuu"] = {"Tai Ya"},
["cuv"] = {"Cuvok"},
["cuw"] = {"Chukwa"},
["cux"] = {"Tepeuxila Cuicatec"},
["cuy"] = {"Cuitlatec"},
["cvg"] = {"Chug"},
["cvn"] = {"Valle Nacional Chinantec"},
["cwa"] = {"Kabwa"},
["cwb"] = {"Maindo"},
["cwd"] = {"Woods Cree"},
["cwe"] = {"Kwere"},
["cwg"] = {"Chewong", "Cheq Wong"},
["cwt"] = {"Kuwaataay"},
["cxh"] = {"Cha'ari"},
["cya"] = {"Nopala Chatino"},
["cyb"] = {"Cayubaba"},
["cyo"] = {"Cuyonon"},
["czh"] = {"Huizhou Chinese"},
["czk"] = {"Knaanic"},
["czn"] = {"Zenzontepec Chatino"},
["czo"] = {"Min Zhong Chinese"},
["czt"] = {"Zotung Chin"},
["daa"] = {"Dangaléat"},
["dac"] = {"Dambi"},
["dad"] = {"Marik"},
["dae"] = {"Duupa"},
["dag"] = {"Dagbani"},
["dah"] = {"Gwahatike"},
["dai"] = {"Day"},
["daj"] = {"Dar Fur Daju"},
["dak"] = {"Dakota"},
["dal"] = {"Dahalo"},
["dam"] = {"Damakawa"},
["dao"] = {"Daai Chin"},
["daq"] = {"Dandami Maria"},
["dar"] = {"Dargwa"},
["das"] = {"Daho-Doo"},
["dau"] = {"Dar Sila Daju"},
["dav"] = {"Taita", "Dawida"},
["daw"] = {"Davawenyo"},
["dax"] = {"Dayi"},
["day"] = {"Land Dayak languages"},
["daz"] = {"Moi-Wadea", "Dao"},
["dba"] = {"Bangime"},
["dbb"] = {"Deno"},
["dbd"] = {"Dadiya"},
["dbe"] = {"Dabe"},
["dbf"] = {"Edopi"},
["dbg"] = {"Dogul Dom Dogon"},
["dbi"] = {"Doka"},
["dbj"] = {"Ida'an"},
["dbl"] = {"Dyirbal"},
["dbm"] = {"Duguri"},
["dbn"] = {"Duriankere"},
["dbo"] = {"Dulbu"},
["dbp"] = {"Duwai"},
["dbq"] = {"Daba"},
["dbr"] = {"Dabarre"},
["dbt"] = {"Ben Tey Dogon"},
["dbu"] = {"Bondum Dom Dogon"},
["dbv"] = {"Dungu"},
["dbw"] = {"Bankan Tey Dogon"},
["dby"] = {"Dibiyaso"},
["dcc"] = {"Deccan"},
["dcr"] = {"Negerhollands"},
["dda"] = {"Dadi Dadi"},
["ddd"] = {"Dongotono"},
["dde"] = {"Doondo"},
["ddg"] = {"Fataluku"},
["ddi"] = {"West Goodenough"},
["ddj"] = {"Jaru"},
["ddn"] = {"Dendi (Benin)"},
["ddo"] = {"Dido"},
["ddr"] = {"Dhudhuroa"},
["dds"] = {"Donno So Dogon"},
["ddw"] = {"Dawera-Daweloor"},
["dec"] = {"Dagik"},
["ded"] = {"Dedua"},
["dee"] = {"Dewoin"},
["def"] = {"Dezfuli"},
["deg"] = {"Degema"},
["deh"] = {"Dehwari"},
["dei"] = {"Demisa"},
["del"] = {"Delaware"},
["dem"] = {"Dem"},
["den"] = {"Slavey"},
["dep"] = {"Pidgin Delaware"},
["deq"] = {"Dendi (Central African Republic)"},
["der"] = {"Deori"},
["des"] = {"Desano"},
["dev"] = {"Domung"},
["dez"] = {"Dengese"},
["dga"] = {"Southern Dagaare"},
["dgb"] = {"Bunoge Dogon"},
["dgc"] = {"Casiguran Dumagat Agta"},
["dgd"] = {"Dagaari Dioula"},
["dge"] = {"Degenan"},
["dgg"] = {"Doga"},
["dgh"] = {"Dghwede"},
["dgi"] = {"Northern Dagara"},
["dgk"] = {"Dagba"},
["dgl"] = {"Andaandi", "Dongolawi"},
["dgn"] = {"Dagoman"},
["dgo"] = {"Dogri (individual language)"},
["dgr"] = {"Tlicho", "Dogrib", "Tłı̨chǫ"},
["dgs"] = {"Dogoso"},
["dgt"] = {"Ndra'ngith"},
["dgw"] = {"Daungwurrung"},
["dgx"] = {"Doghoro"},
["dgz"] = {"Daga"},
["dhd"] = {"Dhundari"},
["dhg"] = {"Dhangu-Djangu", "Dhangu", "Djangu"},
["dhi"] = {"Dhimal"},
["dhl"] = {"Dhalandji"},
["dhm"] = {"Zemba"},
["dhn"] = {"Dhanki"},
["dho"] = {"Dhodia"},
["dhr"] = {"Dhargari"},
["dhs"] = {"Dhaiso"},
["dhu"] = {"Dhurga"},
["dhv"] = {"Dehu", "Drehu"},
["dhw"] = {"Dhanwar (Nepal)"},
["dhx"] = {"Dhungaloo"},
["dia"] = {"Dia"},
["dib"] = {"South Central Dinka"},
["dic"] = {"Lakota Dida"},
["did"] = {"Didinga"},
["dif"] = {"Dieri", "Diyari"},
["dig"] = {"Digo", "Chidigo"},
["dih"] = {"Kumiai"},
["dii"] = {"Dimbong"},
["dij"] = {"Dai"},
["dik"] = {"Southwestern Dinka"},
["dil"] = {"Dilling"},
["dim"] = {"Dime"},
["din"] = {"Dinka"},
["dio"] = {"Dibo"},
["dip"] = {"Northeastern Dinka"},
["diq"] = {"Dimli (individual language)"},
["dir"] = {"Dirim"},
["dis"] = {"Dimasa"},
["diu"] = {"Diriku"},
["diw"] = {"Northwestern Dinka"},
["dix"] = {"Dixon Reef"},
["diy"] = {"Diuwe"},
["diz"] = {"Ding"},
["dja"] = {"Djadjawurrung"},
["djb"] = {"Djinba"},
["djc"] = {"Dar Daju Daju"},
["djd"] = {"Djamindjung", "Ngaliwurru"},
["dje"] = {"Zarma"},
["djf"] = {"Djangun"},
["dji"] = {"Djinang"},
["djj"] = {"Djeebbana"},
["djk"] = {"Eastern Maroon Creole", "Businenge Tongo", "Nenge"},
["djm"] = {"Jamsay Dogon"},
["djn"] = {"Jawoyn", "Djauan"},
["djo"] = {"Jangkang"},
["djr"] = {"Djambarrpuyngu"},
["dju"] = {"Kapriman"},
["djw"] = {"Djawi"},
["dka"] = {"Dakpakha"},
["dkg"] = {"Kadung"},
["dkk"] = {"Dakka"},
["dkr"] = {"Kuijau"},
["dks"] = {"Southeastern Dinka"},
["dkx"] = {"Mazagway"},
["dlg"] = {"Dolgan"},
["dlk"] = {"Dahalik"},
["dlm"] = {"Dalmatian"},
["dln"] = {"Darlong"},
["dma"] = {"Duma"},
["dmb"] = {"Mombo Dogon"},
["dmc"] = {"Gavak"},
["dmd"] = {"Madhi Madhi"},
["dme"] = {"Dugwor"},
["dmf"] = {"Medefaidrin"},
["dmg"] = {"Upper Kinabatangan"},
["dmk"] = {"Domaaki"},
["dml"] = {"Dameli"},
["dmm"] = {"Dama"},
["dmn"] = {"Mande languages"},
["dmo"] = {"Kemedzung"},
["dmr"] = {"East Damar"},
["dms"] = {"Dampelas"},
["dmu"] = {"Dubu", "Tebi"},
["dmv"] = {"Dumpas"},
["dmw"] = {"Mudburra"},
["dmx"] = {"Dema"},
["dmy"] = {"Demta", "Sowari"},
["dna"] = {"Upper Grand Valley Dani"},
["dnd"] = {"Daonda"},
["dne"] = {"Ndendeule"},
["dng"] = {"Dungan"},
["dni"] = {"Lower Grand Valley Dani"},
["dnj"] = {"Dan"},
["dnk"] = {"Dengka"},
["dnn"] = {"Dzùùngoo"},
["dno"] = {"Ndrulo", "Northern Lendu"},
["dnr"] = {"Danaru"},
["dnt"] = {"Mid Grand Valley Dani"},
["dnu"] = {"Danau"},
["dnv"] = {"Danu"},
["dnw"] = {"Western Dani"},
["dny"] = {"Dení"},
["doa"] = {"Dom"},
["dob"] = {"Dobu"},
["doc"] = {"Northern Dong"},
["doe"] = {"Doe"},
["dof"] = {"Domu"},
["doh"] = {"Dong"},
["doi"] = {"Dogri (macrolanguage)"},
["dok"] = {"Dondo"},
["dol"] = {"Doso"},
["don"] = {"Toura (Papua New Guinea)"},
["doo"] = {"Dongo"},
["dop"] = {"Lukpa"},
["doq"] = {"Dominican Sign Language"},
["dor"] = {"Dori'o"},
["dos"] = {"Dogosé"},
["dot"] = {"Dass"},
["dov"] = {"Dombe"},
["dow"] = {"Doyayo"},
["dox"] = {"Bussa"},
["doy"] = {"Dompo"},
["doz"] = {"Dorze"},
["dpp"] = {"Papar"},
["dra"] = {"Dravidian languages"},
["drb"] = {"Dair"},
["drc"] = {"Minderico"},
["drd"] = {"Darmiya"},
["dre"] = {"Dolpo"},
["drg"] = {"Rungus"},
["dri"] = {"C'Lela"},
["drl"] = {"Paakantyi"},
["drn"] = {"West Damar"},
["dro"] = {"Daro-Matu Melanau"},
["drq"] = {"Dura"},
["drs"] = {"Gedeo"},
["drt"] = {"Drents"},
["dru"] = {"Rukai"},
["dry"] = {"Darai"},
["dsb"] = {"Lower Sorbian"},
["dse"] = {"Dutch Sign Language"},
["dsh"] = {"Daasanach"},
["dsi"] = {"Disa"},
["dsk"] = {"Dokshi"},
["dsl"] = {"Danish Sign Language"},
["dsn"] = {"Dusner"},
["dso"] = {"Desiya"},
["dsq"] = {"Tadaksahak"},
["dsz"] = {"Mardin Sign Language"},
["dta"] = {"Daur"},
["dtb"] = {"Labuk-Kinabatangan Kadazan"},
["dtd"] = {"Ditidaht"},
["dth"] = {"Adithinngithigh"},
["dti"] = {"Ana Tinga Dogon"},
["dtk"] = {"Tene Kan Dogon"},
["dtm"] = {"Tomo Kan Dogon"},
["dtn"] = {"Daatsʼíin"},
["dto"] = {"Tommo So Dogon"},
["dtp"] = {"Kadazan Dusun", "Central Dusun"},
["dtr"] = {"Lotud"},
["dts"] = {"Toro So Dogon"},
["dtt"] = {"Toro Tegu Dogon"},
["dtu"] = {"Tebul Ure Dogon"},
["dty"] = {"Dotyali"},
["dua"] = {"Duala"},
["dub"] = {"Dubli"},
["duc"] = {"Duna"},
["due"] = {"Umiray Dumaget Agta"},
["duf"] = {"Dumbea", "Drubea"},
["dug"] = {"Duruma", "Chiduruma"},
["duh"] = {"Dungra Bhil"},
["dui"] = {"Dumun"},
["duk"] = {"Uyajitaya"},
["dul"] = {"Alabat Island Agta"},
["dum"] = {"Middle Dutch (ca. 1050-1350)"},
["dun"] = {"Dusun Deyah"},
["duo"] = {"Dupaninan Agta"},
["dup"] = {"Duano"},
["duq"] = {"Dusun Malang"},
["dur"] = {"Dii"},
["dus"] = {"Dumi"},
["duu"] = {"Drung"},
["duv"] = {"Duvle"},
["duw"] = {"Dusun Witu"},
["dux"] = {"Duungooma"},
["duy"] = {"Dicamay Agta"},
["duz"] = {"Duli-Gey"},
["dva"] = {"Duau"},
["dwa"] = {"Diri"},
["dwk"] = {"Dawik Kui"},
["dwr"] = {"Dawro"},
["dws"] = {"Dutton World Speedwords"},
["dwu"] = {"Dhuwal"},
["dww"] = {"Dawawa"},
["dwy"] = {"Dhuwaya"},
["dwz"] = {"Dewas Rai"},
["dya"] = {"Dyan"},
["dyb"] = {"Dyaberdyaber"},
["dyd"] = {"Dyugun"},
["dyg"] = {"Villa Viciosa Agta"},
["dyi"] = {"Djimini Senoufo"},
["dyl"] = {"Bhutanese Sign Language"},
["dym"] = {"Yanda Dom Dogon"},
["dyn"] = {"Dyangadi", "Dhanggatti"},
["dyo"] = {"Jola-Fonyi"},
["dyr"] = {"Dyarim"},
["dyu"] = {"Dyula"},
["dyy"] = {"Djabugay", "Dyaabugay"},
["dza"] = {"Tunzu"},
["dzd"] = {"Daza"},
["dze"] = {"Djiwarli"},
["dzg"] = {"Dazaga"},
["dzl"] = {"Dzalakha"},
["dzn"] = {"Dzando"},
["eaa"] = {"Karenggapa"},
["ebc"] = {"Beginci"},
["ebg"] = {"Ebughu"},
["ebk"] = {"Eastern Bontok"},
["ebo"] = {"Teke-Ebo"},
["ebr"] = {"Ebrié"},
["ebu"] = {"Embu", "Kiembu"},
["ecr"] = {"Eteocretan"},
["ecs"] = {"Ecuadorian Sign Language"},
["ecy"] = {"Eteocypriot"},
["eee"] = {"E"},
["efa"] = {"Efai"},
["efe"] = {"Efe"},
["efi"] = {"Efik"},
["ega"] = {"Ega"},
["egl"] = {"Emilian"},
["egm"] = {"Benamanga"},
["ego"] = {"Eggon"},
["egx"] = {"Egyptian languages"},
["egy"] = {"Egyptian (Ancient)"},
["ehs"] = {"Miyakubo Sign Language"},
["ehu"] = {"Ehueun"},
["eip"] = {"Eipomek"},
["eit"] = {"Eitiep"},
["eiv"] = {"Askopan"},
["eja"] = {"Ejamat"},
["eka"] = {"Ekajuk"},
["eke"] = {"Ekit"},
["ekg"] = {"Ekari"},
["eki"] = {"Eki"},
["ekk"] = {"Standard Estonian"},
["ekl"] = {"Kol (Bangladesh)", "Kol"},
["ekm"] = {"Elip"},
["eko"] = {"Koti"},
["ekp"] = {"Ekpeye"},
["ekr"] = {"Yace"},
["eky"] = {"Eastern Kayah"},
["ele"] = {"Elepi"},
["elh"] = {"El Hugeirat"},
["eli"] = {"Nding"},
["elk"] = {"Elkei"},
["elm"] = {"Eleme"},
["elo"] = {"El Molo"},
["elu"] = {"Elu"},
["elx"] = {"Elamite"},
["ema"] = {"Emai-Iuleha-Ora"},
["emb"] = {"Embaloh"},
["eme"] = {"Emerillon"},
["emg"] = {"Eastern Meohang"},
["emi"] = {"Mussau-Emira"},
["emk"] = {"Eastern Maninkakan"},
["emm"] = {"Mamulique"},
["emn"] = {"Eman"},
["emp"] = {"Northern Emberá"},
["emq"] = {"Eastern Minyag"},
["ems"] = {"Pacific Gulf Yupik"},
["emu"] = {"Eastern Muria"},
["emw"] = {"Emplawas"},
["emx"] = {"Erromintxela"},
["emy"] = {"Epigraphic Mayan"},
["emz"] = {"Mbessa"},
["ena"] = {"Apali"},
["enb"] = {"Markweeta"},
["enc"] = {"En"},
["end"] = {"Ende"},
["enf"] = {"Forest Enets"},
["enh"] = {"Tundra Enets"},
["enl"] = {"Enlhet"},
["enm"] = {"Middle English (1100-1500)"},
["enn"] = {"Engenni"},
["eno"] = {"Enggano"},
["enq"] = {"Enga"},
["enr"] = {"Emumu", "Emem"},
["enu"] = {"Enu"},
["env"] = {"Enwan (Edo State)"},
["enw"] = {"Enwan (Akwa Ibom State)"},
["enx"] = {"Enxet"},
["eot"] = {"Beti (Côte d'Ivoire)"},
["epi"] = {"Epie"},
["era"] = {"Eravallan"},
["erg"] = {"Sie"},
["erh"] = {"Eruwa"},
["eri"] = {"Ogea"},
["erk"] = {"South Efate"},
["ero"] = {"Horpa"},
["err"] = {"Erre"},
["ers"] = {"Ersu"},
["ert"] = {"Eritai"},
["erw"] = {"Erokwanas"},
["ese"] = {"Ese Ejja"},
["esg"] = {"Aheri Gondi"},
["esh"] = {"Eshtehardi"},
["esi"] = {"North Alaskan Inupiatun"},
["esk"] = {"Northwest Alaska Inupiatun"},
["esl"] = {"Egypt Sign Language"},
["esm"] = {"Esuma"},
["esn"] = {"Salvadoran Sign Language"},
["eso"] = {"Estonian Sign Language"},
["esq"] = {"Esselen"},
["ess"] = {"Central Siberian Yupik"},
["esu"] = {"Central Yupik"},
["esx"] = {"Eskimo-Aleut languages"},
["esy"] = {"Eskayan"},
["etb"] = {"Etebi"},
["etc"] = {"Etchemin"},
["eth"] = {"Ethiopian Sign Language"},
["etn"] = {"Eton (Vanuatu)"},
["eto"] = {"Eton (Cameroon)"},
["etr"] = {"Edolo"},
["ets"] = {"Yekhee"},
["ett"] = {"Etruscan"},
["etu"] = {"Ejagham"},
["etx"] = {"Eten"},
["etz"] = {"Semimi"},
["eud"] = {"Eudeve"},
["euq"] = {"Basque (family)"},
["eve"] = {"Even"},
["evh"] = {"Uvbie"},
["evn"] = {"Evenki"},
["ewo"] = {"Ewondo"},
["ext"] = {"Extremaduran"},
["eya"] = {"Eyak"},
["eyo"] = {"Keiyo"},
["eza"] = {"Ezaa"},
["eze"] = {"Uzekwe"},
["faa"] = {"Fasu"},
["fab"] = {"Fa d'Ambu"},
["fad"] = {"Wagi"},
["faf"] = {"Fagani"},
["fag"] = {"Finongan"},
["fah"] = {"Baissa Fali"},
["fai"] = {"Faiwol"},
["faj"] = {"Faita"},
["fak"] = {"Fang (Cameroon)"},
["fal"] = {"South Fali"},
["fam"] = {"Fam"},
["fan"] = {"Fang (Equatorial Guinea)"},
["fap"] = {"Paloor"},
["far"] = {"Fataleka"},
["fat"] = {"Fanti"},
["fau"] = {"Fayu"},
["fax"] = {"Fala"},
["fay"] = {"Southwestern Fars"},
["faz"] = {"Northwestern Fars"},
["fbl"] = {"West Albay Bikol"},
["fcs"] = {"Quebec Sign Language"},
["fer"] = {"Feroge"},
["ffi"] = {"Foia Foia"},
["ffm"] = {"Maasina Fulfulde"},
["fgr"] = {"Fongoro"},
["fia"] = {"Nobiin"},
["fie"] = {"Fyer"},
["fif"] = {"Faifi"},
["fil"] = {"Filipino", "Pilipino"},
["fip"] = {"Fipa"},
["fir"] = {"Firan"},
["fit"] = {"Tornedalen Finnish", "Meänkieli"},
["fiu"] = {"Finno-Ugrian languages"},
["fiw"] = {"Fiwaga"},
["fkk"] = {"Kirya-Konzəl"},
["fkv"] = {"Kven Finnish"},
["fla"] = {"Kalispel-Pend d'Oreille"},
["flh"] = {"Foau"},
["fli"] = {"Fali"},
["fll"] = {"North Fali"},
["fln"] = {"Flinders Island"},
["flr"] = {"Fuliiru"},
["fly"] = {"Flaaitaal", "Tsotsitaal"},
["fmp"] = {"Fe'fe'"},
["fmu"] = {"Far Western Muria"},
["fnb"] = {"Fanbak"},
["fng"] = {"Fanagalo"},
["fni"] = {"Fania"},
["fod"] = {"Foodo"},
["foi"] = {"Foi"},
["fom"] = {"Foma"},
["fon"] = {"Fon"},
["for"] = {"Fore"},
["fos"] = {"Siraya"},
["fox"] = {"Formosan languages"},
["fpe"] = {"Fernando Po Creole English"},
["fqs"] = {"Fas"},
["frc"] = {"Cajun French"},
["frd"] = {"Fordata"},
["frk"] = {"Frankish"},
["frm"] = {"Middle French (ca. 1400-1600)"},
["fro"] = {"Old French (842-ca. 1400)"},
["frp"] = {"Arpitan", "Francoprovençal"},
["frq"] = {"Forak"},
["frr"] = {"Northern Frisian"},
["frs"] = {"Eastern Frisian"},
["frt"] = {"Fortsenal"},
["fse"] = {"Finnish Sign Language"},
["fsl"] = {"French Sign Language"},
["fss"] = {"Finland-Swedish Sign Language", "finlandssvenskt teckenspråk", "suomenruotsalainen viittomakieli"},
["fub"] = {"Adamawa Fulfulde"},
["fuc"] = {"Pulaar"},
["fud"] = {"East Futuna"},
["fue"] = {"Borgu Fulfulde"},
["fuf"] = {"Pular"},
["fuh"] = {"Western Niger Fulfulde"},
["fui"] = {"Bagirmi Fulfulde"},
["fuj"] = {"Ko"},
["fum"] = {"Fum"},
["fun"] = {"Fulniô"},
["fuq"] = {"Central-Eastern Niger Fulfulde"},
["fur"] = {"Friulian"},
["fut"] = {"Futuna-Aniwa"},
["fuu"] = {"Furu"},
["fuv"] = {"Nigerian Fulfulde"},
["fuy"] = {"Fuyug"},
["fvr"] = {"Fur"},
["fwa"] = {"Fwâi"},
["fwe"] = {"Fwe"},
["gaa"] = {"Ga"},
["gab"] = {"Gabri"},
["gac"] = {"Mixed Great Andamanese"},
["gad"] = {"Gaddang"},
["gae"] = {"Guarequena"},
["gaf"] = {"Gende"},
["gag"] = {"Gagauz"},
["gah"] = {"Alekano"},
["gai"] = {"Borei"},
["gaj"] = {"Gadsup"},
["gak"] = {"Gamkonora"},
["gal"] = {"Galolen"},
["gam"] = {"Kandawo"},
["gan"] = {"Gan Chinese"},
["gao"] = {"Gants"},
["gap"] = {"Gal"},
["gaq"] = {"Gata'"},
["gar"] = {"Galeya"},
["gas"] = {"Adiwasi Garasia"},
["gat"] = {"Kenati"},
["gau"] = {"Mudhili Gadaba"},
["gaw"] = {"Nobonob"},
["gax"] = {"Borana-Arsi-Guji Oromo"},
["gay"] = {"Gayo"},
["gaz"] = {"West Central Oromo"},
["gba"] = {"Gbaya (Central African Republic)"},
["gbb"] = {"Kaytetye"},
["gbd"] = {"Karajarri"},
["gbe"] = {"Niksek"},
["gbf"] = {"Gaikundi"},
["gbg"] = {"Gbanziri"},
["gbh"] = {"Defi Gbe"},
["gbi"] = {"Galela"},
["gbj"] = {"Bodo Gadaba"},
["gbk"] = {"Gaddi"},
["gbl"] = {"Gamit"},
["gbm"] = {"Garhwali"},
["gbn"] = {"Mo'da"},
["gbo"] = {"Northern Grebo"},
["gbp"] = {"Gbaya-Bossangoa"},
["gbq"] = {"Gbaya-Bozoum"},
["gbr"] = {"Gbagyi"},
["gbs"] = {"Gbesi Gbe"},
["gbu"] = {"Gagadu"},
["gbv"] = {"Gbanu"},
["gbw"] = {"Gabi-Gabi"},
["gbx"] = {"Eastern Xwla Gbe"},
["gby"] = {"Gbari"},
["gbz"] = {"Zoroastrian Dari"},
["gcc"] = {"Mali"},
["gcd"] = {"Ganggalida"},
["gce"] = {"Galice"},
["gcf"] = {"Guadeloupean Creole French"},
["gcl"] = {"Grenadian Creole English"},
["gcn"] = {"Gaina"},
["gcr"] = {"Guianese Creole French"},
["gct"] = {"Colonia Tovar German"},
["gda"] = {"Gade Lohar"},
["gdb"] = {"Pottangi Ollar Gadaba"},
["gdc"] = {"Gugu Badhun"},
["gdd"] = {"Gedaged"},
["gde"] = {"Gude"},
["gdf"] = {"Guduf-Gava"},
["gdg"] = {"Ga'dang"},
["gdh"] = {"Gadjerawang", "Gajirrabeng"},
["gdi"] = {"Gundi"},
["gdj"] = {"Gurdjar"},
["gdk"] = {"Gadang"},
["gdl"] = {"Dirasha"},
["gdm"] = {"Laal"},
["gdn"] = {"Umanakaina"},
["gdo"] = {"Ghodoberi"},
["gdq"] = {"Mehri"},
["gdr"] = {"Wipi"},
["gds"] = {"Ghandruk Sign Language"},
["gdt"] = {"Kungardutyi"},
["gdu"] = {"Gudu"},
["gdx"] = {"Godwari"},
["gea"] = {"Geruma"},
["geb"] = {"Kire"},
["gec"] = {"Gboloo Grebo"},
["ged"] = {"Gade"},
["gef"] = {"Gerai"},
["geg"] = {"Gengle"},
["geh"] = {"Hutterite German", "Hutterisch"},
["gei"] = {"Gebe"},
["gej"] = {"Gen"},
["gek"] = {"Ywom"},
["gel"] = {"ut-Ma'in"},
["gem"] = {"Germanic languages"},
["geq"] = {"Geme"},
["ges"] = {"Geser-Gorom"},
["gev"] = {"Eviya"},
["gew"] = {"Gera"},
["gex"] = {"Garre"},
["gey"] = {"Enya"},
["gez"] = {"Geez"},
["gfk"] = {"Patpatar"},
["gft"] = {"Gafat"},
["gga"] = {"Gao"},
["ggb"] = {"Gbii"},
["ggd"] = {"Gugadj"},
["gge"] = {"Gurr-goni"},
["ggg"] = {"Gurgula"},
["ggk"] = {"Kungarakany"},
["ggl"] = {"Ganglau"},
["ggt"] = {"Gitua"},
["ggu"] = {"Gagu", "Gban"},
["ggw"] = {"Gogodala"},
["gha"] = {"Ghadamès"},
["ghc"] = {"Hiberno-Scottish Gaelic"},
["ghe"] = {"Southern Ghale"},
["ghh"] = {"Northern Ghale"},
["ghk"] = {"Geko Karen"},
["ghl"] = {"Ghulfan"},
["ghn"] = {"Ghanongga"},
["gho"] = {"Ghomara"},
["ghr"] = {"Ghera"},
["ghs"] = {"Guhu-Samane"},
["ght"] = {"Kuke", "Kutang Ghale"},
["gia"] = {"Kija"},
["gib"] = {"Gibanawa"},
["gic"] = {"Gail"},
["gid"] = {"Gidar"},
["gie"] = {"Gaɓogbo", "Guébie"},
["gig"] = {"Goaria"},
["gih"] = {"Githabul"},
["gii"] = {"Girirra"},
["gil"] = {"Gilbertese"},
["gim"] = {"Gimi (Eastern Highlands)"},
["gin"] = {"Hinukh"},
["gip"] = {"Gimi (West New Britain)"},
["giq"] = {"Green Gelao"},
["gir"] = {"Red Gelao"},
["gis"] = {"North Giziga"},
["git"] = {"Gitxsan"},
["giu"] = {"Mulao"},
["giw"] = {"White Gelao"},
["gix"] = {"Gilima"},
["giy"] = {"Giyug"},
["giz"] = {"South Giziga"},
["gjk"] = {"Kachi Koli"},
["gjm"] = {"Gunditjmara"},
["gjn"] = {"Gonja"},
["gjr"] = {"Gurindji Kriol"},
["gju"] = {"Gujari"},
["gka"] = {"Guya"},
["gkd"] = {"Magɨ (Madang Province)"},
["gke"] = {"Ndai"},
["gkn"] = {"Gokana"},
["gko"] = {"Kok-Nar"},
["gkp"] = {"Guinea Kpelle"},
["gku"] = {"ǂUngkue"},
["glb"] = {"Belning"},
["glc"] = {"Bon Gula"},
["gld"] = {"Nanai"},
["glh"] = {"Northwest Pashai", "Northwest Pashayi"},
["glj"] = {"Gula Iro"},
["glk"] = {"Gilaki"},
["gll"] = {"Garlali"},
["glo"] = {"Galambu"},
["glr"] = {"Glaro-Twabo"},
["glu"] = {"Gula (Chad)"},
["glw"] = {"Glavda"},
["gly"] = {"Gule"},
["gma"] = {"Gambera"},
["gmb"] = {"Gula'alaa"},
["gmd"] = {"Mághdì"},
["gme"] = {"East Germanic languages"},
["gmg"] = {"Magɨyi"},
["gmh"] = {"Middle High German (ca. 1050-1500)"},
["gml"] = {"Middle Low German"},
["gmm"] = {"Gbaya-Mbodomo"},
["gmn"] = {"Gimnime"},
["gmq"] = {"North Germanic languages"},
["gmr"] = {"Mirning", "Mirniny"},
["gmu"] = {"Gumalu"},
["gmv"] = {"Gamo"},
["gmw"] = {"West Germanic languages"},
["gmx"] = {"Magoma"},
["gmy"] = {"Mycenaean Greek"},
["gmz"] = {"Mgbolizhia"},
["gna"] = {"Kaansa"},
["gnb"] = {"Gangte"},
["gnc"] = {"Guanche"},
["gnd"] = {"Zulgo-Gemzek"},
["gne"] = {"Ganang"},
["gng"] = {"Ngangam"},
["gnh"] = {"Lere"},
["gni"] = {"Gooniyandi"},
["gnj"] = {"Ngen"},
["gnk"] = {"ǁGana"},
["gnl"] = {"Gangulu"},
["gnm"] = {"Ginuman"},
["gnn"] = {"Gumatj"},
["gno"] = {"Northern Gondi"},
["gnq"] = {"Gana"},
["gnr"] = {"Gureng Gureng"},
["gnt"] = {"Guntai"},
["gnu"] = {"Gnau"},
["gnw"] = {"Western Bolivian Guaraní"},
["gnz"] = {"Ganzi"},
["goa"] = {"Guro"},
["gob"] = {"Playero"},
["goc"] = {"Gorakor"},
["god"] = {"Godié"},
["goe"] = {"Gongduk"},
["gof"] = {"Gofa"},
["gog"] = {"Gogo"},
["goh"] = {"Old High German (ca. 750-1050)"},
["goi"] = {"Gobasi"},
["goj"] = {"Gowlan"},
["gok"] = {"Gowli"},
["gol"] = {"Gola"},
["gom"] = {"Goan Konkani"},
["gon"] = {"Gondi"},
["goo"] = {"Gone Dau"},
["gop"] = {"Yeretuar"},
["goq"] = {"Gorap"},
["gor"] = {"Gorontalo"},
["gos"] = {"Gronings"},
["got"] = {"Gothic"},
["gou"] = {"Gavar"},
["gov"] = {"Goo"},
["gow"] = {"Gorowa"},
["gox"] = {"Gobu"},
["goy"] = {"Goundo"},
["goz"] = {"Gozarkhani"},
["gpa"] = {"Gupa-Abawa"},
["gpe"] = {"Ghanaian Pidgin English"},
["gpn"] = {"Taiap"},
["gqa"] = {"Ga'anda"},
["gqi"] = {"Guiqiong"},
["gqn"] = {"Guana (Brazil)"},
["gqr"] = {"Gor"},
["gqu"] = {"Qau"},
["gra"] = {"Rajput Garasia"},
["grb"] = {"Grebo"},
["grc"] = {"Ancient Greek (to 1453)"},
["grd"] = {"Guruntum-Mbaaru"},
["grg"] = {"Madi"},
["grh"] = {"Gbiri-Niragu"},
["gri"] = {"Ghari"},
["grj"] = {"Southern Grebo"},
["grk"] = {"Greek languages"},
["grm"] = {"Kota Marudu Talantang"},
["gro"] = {"Groma"},
["grq"] = {"Gorovu"},
["grr"] = {"Taznatit"},
["grs"] = {"Gresi"},
["grt"] = {"Garo"},
["gru"] = {"Kistane"},
["grv"] = {"Central Grebo"},
["grw"] = {"Gweda"},
["grx"] = {"Guriaso"},
["gry"] = {"Barclayville Grebo"},
["grz"] = {"Guramalum"},
["gse"] = {"Ghanaian Sign Language"},
["gsg"] = {"German Sign Language"},
["gsl"] = {"Gusilay"},
["gsm"] = {"Guatemalan Sign Language"},
["gsn"] = {"Nema", "Gusan"},
["gso"] = {"Southwest Gbaya"},
["gsp"] = {"Wasembo"},
["gss"] = {"Greek Sign Language"},
["gsw"] = {"Swiss German", "Alemannic", "Alsatian"},
["gta"] = {"Guató"},
["gtu"] = {"Aghu-Tharnggala"},
["gua"] = {"Shiki"},
["gub"] = {"Guajajára"},
["guc"] = {"Wayuu"},
["gud"] = {"Yocoboué Dida"},
["gue"] = {"Gurindji"},
["guf"] = {"Gupapuyngu"},
["gug"] = {"Paraguayan Guaraní"},
["guh"] = {"Guahibo"},
["gui"] = {"Eastern Bolivian Guaraní"},
["guk"] = {"Gumuz"},
["gul"] = {"Sea Island Creole English"},
["gum"] = {"Guambiano"},
["gun"] = {"Mbyá Guaraní"},
["guo"] = {"Guayabero"},
["gup"] = {"Gunwinggu"},
["guq"] = {"Aché"},
["gur"] = {"Farefare"},
["gus"] = {"Guinean Sign Language"},
["gut"] = {"Maléku Jaíka"},
["guu"] = {"Yanomamö"},
["guw"] = {"Gun"},
["gux"] = {"Gourmanchéma"},
["guz"] = {"Gusii", "Ekegusii"},
["gva"] = {"Guana (Paraguay)"},
["gvc"] = {"Guanano"},
["gve"] = {"Duwet"},
["gvf"] = {"Golin"},
["gvj"] = {"Guajá"},
["gvl"] = {"Gulay"},
["gvm"] = {"Gurmana"},
["gvn"] = {"Kuku-Yalanji"},
["gvo"] = {"Gavião Do Jiparaná"},
["gvp"] = {"Pará Gavião"},
["gvr"] = {"Gurung"},
["gvs"] = {"Gumawana"},
["gvy"] = {"Guyani"},
["gwa"] = {"Mbato"},
["gwb"] = {"Gwa"},
["gwc"] = {"Gawri", "Kalami"},
["gwd"] = {"Gawwada"},
["gwe"] = {"Gweno"},
["gwf"] = {"Gowro"},
["gwg"] = {"Moo"},
["gwi"] = {"Gwichʼin"},
["gwj"] = {"ǀGwi"},
["gwm"] = {"Awngthim"},
["gwn"] = {"Gwandara"},
["gwr"] = {"Gwere"},
["gwt"] = {"Gawar-Bati"},
["gwu"] = {"Guwamu"},
["gww"] = {"Kwini"},
["gwx"] = {"Gua"},
["gxx"] = {"Wè Southern"},
["gya"] = {"Northwest Gbaya"},
["gyb"] = {"Garus"},
["gyd"] = {"Kayardild"},
["gye"] = {"Gyem"},
["gyf"] = {"Gungabula"},
["gyg"] = {"Gbayi"},
["gyi"] = {"Gyele"},
["gyl"] = {"Gayil"},
["gym"] = {"Ngäbere"},
["gyn"] = {"Guyanese Creole English"},
["gyo"] = {"Gyalsumdo"},
["gyr"] = {"Guarayu"},
["gyy"] = {"Gunya"},
["gyz"] = {"Geji", "Gyaazi"},
["gza"] = {"Ganza"},
["gzi"] = {"Gazi"},
["gzn"] = {"Gane"},
["haa"] = {"Hän"},
["hab"] = {"Hanoi Sign Language"},
["hac"] = {"Gurani"},
["had"] = {"Hatam"},
["hae"] = {"Eastern Oromo"},
["haf"] = {"Haiphong Sign Language"},
["hag"] = {"Hanga"},
["hah"] = {"Hahon"},
["hai"] = {"Haida"},
["haj"] = {"Hajong"},
["hak"] = {"Hakka Chinese"},
["hal"] = {"Halang"},
["ham"] = {"Hewa"},
["han"] = {"Hangaza"},
["hao"] = {"Hakö"},
["hap"] = {"Hupla"},
["haq"] = {"Ha"},
["har"] = {"Harari"},
["has"] = {"Haisla"},
["hav"] = {"Havu"},
["haw"] = {"Hawaiian"},
["hax"] = {"Southern Haida"},
["hay"] = {"Haya"},
["haz"] = {"Hazaragi"},
["hba"] = {"Hamba"},
["hbb"] = {"Huba"},
["hbn"] = {"Heiban"},
["hbo"] = {"Ancient Hebrew"},
["hbu"] = {"Habu"},
["hca"] = {"Andaman Creole Hindi"},
["hch"] = {"Huichol"},
["hdn"] = {"Northern Haida"},
["hds"] = {"Honduras Sign Language"},
["hdy"] = {"Hadiyya"},
["hea"] = {"Northern Qiandong Miao"},
["hed"] = {"Herdé"},
["heg"] = {"Helong"},
["heh"] = {"Hehe"},
["hei"] = {"Heiltsuk"},
["hem"] = {"Hemba"},
["hgm"] = {"Haiǁom"},
["hgw"] = {"Haigwai"},
["hhi"] = {"Hoia Hoia"},
["hhr"] = {"Kerak"},
["hhy"] = {"Hoyahoya"},
["hia"] = {"Lamang"},
["hib"] = {"Hibito"},
["hid"] = {"Hidatsa"},
["hif"] = {"Fiji Hindi"},
["hig"] = {"Kamwe"},
["hih"] = {"Pamosu"},
["hii"] = {"Hinduri"},
["hij"] = {"Hijuk"},
["hik"] = {"Seit-Kaitetu"},
["hil"] = {"Hiligaynon"},
["him"] = {"Himachali languages", "Western Pahari languages"},
["hio"] = {"Tsoa"},
["hir"] = {"Himarimã"},
["hit"] = {"Hittite"},
["hiw"] = {"Hiw"},
["hix"] = {"Hixkaryána"},
["hji"] = {"Haji"},
["hka"] = {"Kahe"},
["hke"] = {"Hunde"},
["hkh"] = {"Khah", "Poguli"},
["hkk"] = {"Hunjara-Kaina Ke"},
["hkn"] = {"Mel-Khaonh"},
["hks"] = {"Hong Kong Sign Language", "Heung Kong Sau Yue"},
["hla"] = {"Halia"},
["hlb"] = {"Halbi"},
["hld"] = {"Halang Doan"},
["hle"] = {"Hlersu"},
["hlt"] = {"Matu Chin"},
["hlu"] = {"Hieroglyphic Luwian"},
["hma"] = {"Southern Mashan Hmong", "Southern Mashan Miao"},
["hmb"] = {"Humburi Senni Songhay"},
["hmc"] = {"Central Huishui Hmong", "Central Huishui Miao"},
["hmd"] = {"Large Flowery Miao", "A-hmaos", "Da-Hua Miao"},
["hme"] = {"Eastern Huishui Hmong", "Eastern Huishui Miao"},
["hmf"] = {"Hmong Don"},
["hmg"] = {"Southwestern Guiyang Hmong"},
["hmh"] = {"Southwestern Huishui Hmong", "Southwestern Huishui Miao"},
["hmi"] = {"Northern Huishui Hmong", "Northern Huishui Miao"},
["hmj"] = {"Ge", "Gejia"},
["hmk"] = {"Maek"},
["hml"] = {"Luopohe Hmong", "Luopohe Miao"},
["hmm"] = {"Central Mashan Hmong", "Central Mashan Miao"},
["hmn"] = {"Hmong", "Mong"},
["hmp"] = {"Northern Mashan Hmong", "Northern Mashan Miao"},
["hmq"] = {"Eastern Qiandong Miao"},
["hmr"] = {"Hmar"},
["hms"] = {"Southern Qiandong Miao"},
["hmt"] = {"Hamtai"},
["hmu"] = {"Hamap"},
["hmv"] = {"Hmong Dô"},
["hmw"] = {"Western Mashan Hmong", "Western Mashan Miao"},
["hmx"] = {"Hmong-Mien languages"},
["hmy"] = {"Southern Guiyang Hmong", "Southern Guiyang Miao"},
["hmz"] = {"Hmong Shua", "Sinicized Miao"},
["hna"] = {"Mina (Cameroon)"},
["hnd"] = {"Southern Hindko"},
["hne"] = {"Chhattisgarhi"},
["hng"] = {"Hungu"},
["hnh"] = {"ǁAni"},
["hni"] = {"Hani"},
["hnj"] = {"Hmong Njua", "Mong Leng", "Mong Njua"},
["hnm"] = {"Hainanese"},
["hnn"] = {"Hanunoo"},
["hno"] = {"Northern Hindko"},
["hns"] = {"Caribbean Hindustani"},
["hnu"] = {"Hung"},
["hoa"] = {"Hoava"},
["hob"] = {"Mari (Madang Province)"},
["hoc"] = {"Ho"},
["hod"] = {"Holma"},
["hoe"] = {"Horom"},
["hoh"] = {"Hobyót"},
["hoi"] = {"Holikachuk"},
["hoj"] = {"Hadothi", "Haroti"},
["hok"] = {"Hokan languages"},
["hol"] = {"Holu"},
["hom"] = {"Homa"},
["hoo"] = {"Holoholo"},
["hop"] = {"Hopi"},
["hor"] = {"Horo"},
["hos"] = {"Ho Chi Minh City Sign Language"},
["hot"] = {"Hote", "Malê"},
["hov"] = {"Hovongan"},
["how"] = {"Honi"},
["hoy"] = {"Holiya"},
["hoz"] = {"Hozo"},
["hpo"] = {"Hpon"},
["hps"] = {"Hawai'i Sign Language (HSL)", "Hawai'i Pidgin Sign Language"},
["hra"] = {"Hrangkhol"},
["hrc"] = {"Niwer Mil"},
["hre"] = {"Hre"},
["hrk"] = {"Haruku"},
["hrm"] = {"Horned Miao"},
["hro"] = {"Haroi"},
["hrp"] = {"Nhirrpi"},
["hrt"] = {"Hértevin"},
["hru"] = {"Hruso"},
["hrw"] = {"Warwar Feni"},
["hrx"] = {"Hunsrik"},
["hrz"] = {"Harzani"},
["hsb"] = {"Upper Sorbian"},
["hsh"] = {"Hungarian Sign Language"},
["hsl"] = {"Hausa Sign Language"},
["hsn"] = {"Xiang Chinese"},
["hss"] = {"Harsusi"},
["hti"] = {"Hoti"},
["hto"] = {"Minica Huitoto"},
["hts"] = {"Hadza"},
["htu"] = {"Hitu"},
["htx"] = {"Middle Hittite"},
["hub"] = {"Huambisa"},
["huc"] = {"ǂHua", "ǂʼAmkhoe"},
["hud"] = {"Huaulu"},
["hue"] = {"San Francisco Del Mar Huave"},
["huf"] = {"Humene"},
["hug"] = {"Huachipaeri"},
["huh"] = {"Huilliche"},
["hui"] = {"Huli"},
["huj"] = {"Northern Guiyang Hmong", "Northern Guiyang Miao"},
["huk"] = {"Hulung"},
["hul"] = {"Hula"},
["hum"] = {"Hungana"},
["huo"] = {"Hu"},
["hup"] = {"Hupa"},
["huq"] = {"Tsat"},
["hur"] = {"Halkomelem"},
["hus"] = {"Huastec"},
["hut"] = {"Humla"},
["huu"] = {"Murui Huitoto"},
["huv"] = {"San Mateo Del Mar Huave"},
["huw"] = {"Hukumina"},
["hux"] = {"Nüpode Huitoto"},
["huy"] = {"Hulaulá"},
["huz"] = {"Hunzib"},
["hvc"] = {"Haitian Vodoun Culture Language"},
["hve"] = {"San Dionisio Del Mar Huave"},
["hvk"] = {"Haveke"},
["hvn"] = {"Sabu"},
["hvv"] = {"Santa María Del Mar Huave"},
["hwa"] = {"Wané"},
["hwc"] = {"Hawai'i Creole English", "Hawai'i Pidgin"},
["hwo"] = {"Hwana"},
["hya"] = {"Hya"},
["hyw"] = {"Western Armenian"},
["hyx"] = {"Armenian (family)"},
["iai"] = {"Iaai"},
["ian"] = {"Iatmul"},
["iar"] = {"Purari"},
["iba"] = {"Iban"},
["ibb"] = {"Ibibio"},
["ibd"] = {"Iwaidja"},
["ibe"] = {"Akpes"},
["ibg"] = {"Ibanag"},
["ibh"] = {"Bih"},
["ibl"] = {"Ibaloi"},
["ibm"] = {"Agoi"},
["ibn"] = {"Ibino"},
["ibr"] = {"Ibuoro"},
["ibu"] = {"Ibu"},
["iby"] = {"Ibani"},
["ica"] = {"Ede Ica"},
["ich"] = {"Etkywan"},
["icl"] = {"Icelandic Sign Language"},
["icr"] = {"Islander Creole English"},
["ida"] = {"Idakho-Isukha-Tiriki", "Luidakho-Luisukha-Lutirichi"},
["idb"] = {"Indo-Portuguese"},
["idc"] = {"Idon", "Ajiya"},
["idd"] = {"Ede Idaca"},
["ide"] = {"Idere"},
["idi"] = {"Idi"},
["idr"] = {"Indri"},
["ids"] = {"Idesa"},
["idt"] = {"Idaté"},
["idu"] = {"Idoma"},
["ifa"] = {"Amganad Ifugao"},
["ifb"] = {"Batad Ifugao", "Ayangan Ifugao"},
["ife"] = {"Ifè"},
["iff"] = {"Ifo"},
["ifk"] = {"Tuwali Ifugao"},
["ifm"] = {"Teke-Fuumu"},
["ifu"] = {"Mayoyao Ifugao"},
["ify"] = {"Keley-I Kallahan"},
["igb"] = {"Ebira"},
["ige"] = {"Igede"},
["igg"] = {"Igana"},
["igl"] = {"Igala"},
["igm"] = {"Kanggape"},
["ign"] = {"Ignaciano"},
["igo"] = {"Isebe"},
["igs"] = {"Interglossa"},
["igw"] = {"Igwe"},
["ihb"] = {"Iha Based Pidgin"},
["ihi"] = {"Ihievbe"},
["ihp"] = {"Iha"},
["ihw"] = {"Bidhawal"},
["iin"] = {"Thiin"},
["iir"] = {"Indo-Iranian languages"},
["ijc"] = {"Izon"},
["ije"] = {"Biseni"},
["ijj"] = {"Ede Ije"},
["ijn"] = {"Kalabari"},
["ijo"] = {"Ijo languages"},
["ijs"] = {"Southeast Ijo"},
["ike"] = {"Eastern Canadian Inuktitut"},
["ikh"] = {"Ikhin-Arokho"},
["iki"] = {"Iko"},
["ikk"] = {"Ika"},
["ikl"] = {"Ikulu"},
["iko"] = {"Olulumo-Ikom"},
["ikp"] = {"Ikpeshi"},
["ikr"] = {"Ikaranggal"},
["iks"] = {"Inuit Sign Language"},
["ikt"] = {"Inuinnaqtun", "Western Canadian Inuktitut"},
["ikv"] = {"Iku-Gora-Ankwa"},
["ikw"] = {"Ikwere"},
["ikx"] = {"Ik"},
["ikz"] = {"Ikizu"},
["ila"] = {"Ile Ape"},
["ilb"] = {"Ila"},
["ilg"] = {"Garig-Ilgar"},
["ili"] = {"Ili Turki"},
["ilk"] = {"Ilongot"},
["ilm"] = {"Iranun (Malaysia)"},
["ilo"] = {"Iloko"},
["ilp"] = {"Iranun (Philippines)"},
["ils"] = {"International Sign"},
["ilu"] = {"Ili'uun"},
["ilv"] = {"Ilue"},
["ima"] = {"Mala Malasar"},
["imi"] = {"Anamgura"},
["iml"] = {"Miluk"},
["imn"] = {"Imonda"},
["imo"] = {"Imbongu"},
["imr"] = {"Imroing"},
["ims"] = {"Marsian"},
["imt"] = {"Imotong"},
["imy"] = {"Milyan"},
["inb"] = {"Inga"},
["inc"] = {"Indic languages"},
["ine"] = {"Indo-European languages"},
["ing"] = {"Degexit'an"},
["inh"] = {"Ingush"},
["inj"] = {"Jungle Inga"},
["inl"] = {"Indonesian Sign Language"},
["inm"] = {"Minaean"},
["inn"] = {"Isinai"},
["ino"] = {"Inoke-Yate"},
["inp"] = {"Iñapari"},
["ins"] = {"Indian Sign Language"},
["int"] = {"Intha"},
["inz"] = {"Ineseño"},
["ior"] = {"Inor"},
["iou"] = {"Tuma-Irumu"},
["iow"] = {"Iowa-Oto"},
["ipi"] = {"Ipili"},
["ipo"] = {"Ipiko"},
["iqu"] = {"Iquito"},
["iqw"] = {"Ikwo"},
["ira"] = {"Iranian languages"},
["ire"] = {"Iresim"},
["irh"] = {"Irarutu"},
["iri"] = {"Rigwe", "Irigwe"},
["irk"] = {"Iraqw"},
["irn"] = {"Irántxe"},
["iro"] = {"Iroquoian languages"},
["irr"] = {"Ir"},
["iru"] = {"Irula"},
["irx"] = {"Kamberau"},
["iry"] = {"Iraya"},
["isa"] = {"Isabi"},
["isc"] = {"Isconahua"},
["isd"] = {"Isnag"},
["ise"] = {"Italian Sign Language"},
["isg"] = {"Irish Sign Language"},
["ish"] = {"Esan"},
["isi"] = {"Nkem-Nkum"},
["isk"] = {"Ishkashimi"},
["ism"] = {"Masimasi"},
["isn"] = {"Isanzu"},
["iso"] = {"Isoko"},
["isr"] = {"Israeli Sign Language"},
["ist"] = {"Istriot"},
["isu"] = {"Isu", "Isu (Menchum Division)"},
["isv"] = {"Interslavic"},
["itb"] = {"Binongan Itneg"},
["itc"] = {"Italic languages"},
["itd"] = {"Southern Tidung"},
["ite"] = {"Itene"},
["iti"] = {"Inlaod Itneg"},
["itk"] = {"Judeo-Italian"},
["itl"] = {"Itelmen"},
["itm"] = {"Itu Mbon Uzo"},
["ito"] = {"Itonama"},
["itr"] = {"Iteri"},
["its"] = {"Isekiri"},
["itt"] = {"Maeng Itneg"},
["itv"] = {"Itawit"},
["itw"] = {"Ito"},
["itx"] = {"Itik"},
["ity"] = {"Moyadan Itneg"},
["itz"] = {"Itzá"},
["ium"] = {"Iu Mien"},
["ivb"] = {"Ibatan"},
["ivv"] = {"Ivatan"},
["iwk"] = {"I-Wak"},
["iwm"] = {"Iwam"},
["iwo"] = {"Iwur"},
["iws"] = {"Sepik Iwam"},
["ixc"] = {"Ixcatec"},
["ixl"] = {"Ixil"},
["iya"] = {"Iyayu"},
["iyo"] = {"Mesaka"},
["iyx"] = {"Yaka (Congo)"},
["izh"] = {"Ingrian"},
["izm"] = {"Kizamani"},
["izr"] = {"Izere"},
["izz"] = {"Izii"},
["jaa"] = {"Jamamadí"},
["jab"] = {"Hyam"},
["jac"] = {"Popti'", "Jakalteko"},
["jad"] = {"Jahanka"},
["jae"] = {"Yabem"},
["jaf"] = {"Jara"},
["jah"] = {"Jah Hut"},
["jaj"] = {"Zazao"},
["jak"] = {"Jakun"},
["jal"] = {"Yalahatan"},
["jam"] = {"Jamaican Creole English"},
["jan"] = {"Jandai"},
["jao"] = {"Yanyuwa"},
["jaq"] = {"Yaqay"},
["jas"] = {"New Caledonian Javanese"},
["jat"] = {"Jakati"},
["jau"] = {"Yaur"},
["jax"] = {"Jambi Malay"},
["jay"] = {"Yan-nhangu", "Nhangu"},
["jaz"] = {"Jawe"},
["jbe"] = {"Judeo-Berber"},
["jbi"] = {"Badjiri"},
["jbj"] = {"Arandai"},
["jbk"] = {"Barikewa"},
["jbm"] = {"Bijim"},
["jbn"] = {"Nafusi"},
["jbo"] = {"Lojban"},
["jbr"] = {"Jofotek-Bromnya"},
["jbt"] = {"Jabutí"},
["jbu"] = {"Jukun Takum"},
["jbw"] = {"Yawijibaya"},
["jcs"] = {"Jamaican Country Sign Language"},
["jct"] = {"Krymchak"},
["jda"] = {"Jad"},
["jdg"] = {"Jadgali"},
["jdt"] = {"Judeo-Tat"},
["jeb"] = {"Jebero"},
["jee"] = {"Jerung"},
["jeh"] = {"Jeh"},
["jei"] = {"Yei"},
["jek"] = {"Jeri Kuo"},
["jel"] = {"Yelmek"},
["jen"] = {"Dza"},
["jer"] = {"Jere"},
["jet"] = {"Manem"},
["jeu"] = {"Jonkor Bourmataguil"},
["jgb"] = {"Ngbee"},
["jge"] = {"Judeo-Georgian"},
["jgk"] = {"Gwak"},
["jgo"] = {"Ngomba"},
["jhi"] = {"Jehai"},
["jhs"] = {"Jhankot Sign Language"},
["jia"] = {"Jina"},
["jib"] = {"Jibu"},
["jic"] = {"Tol"},
["jid"] = {"Bu (Kaduna State)"},
["jie"] = {"Jilbe"},
["jig"] = {"Jingulu", "Djingili"},
["jih"] = {"sTodsde", "Shangzhai"},
["jii"] = {"Jiiddu"},
["jil"] = {"Jilim"},
["jim"] = {"Jimi (Cameroon)"},
["jio"] = {"Jiamao"},
["jiq"] = {"Guanyinqiao", "Lavrung"},
["jit"] = {"Jita"},
["jiu"] = {"Youle Jinuo"},
["jiv"] = {"Shuar"},
["jiy"] = {"Buyuan Jinuo"},
["jje"] = {"Jejueo"},
["jjr"] = {"Bankal"},
["jka"] = {"Kaera"},
["jkm"] = {"Mobwa Karen"},
["jko"] = {"Kubo"},
["jkp"] = {"Paku Karen"},
["jkr"] = {"Koro (India)"},
["jks"] = {"Amami Koniya Sign Language"},
["jku"] = {"Labir"},
["jle"] = {"Ngile"},
["jls"] = {"Jamaican Sign Language"},
["jma"] = {"Dima"},
["jmb"] = {"Zumbun"},
["jmc"] = {"Machame"},
["jmd"] = {"Yamdena"},
["jmi"] = {"Jimi (Nigeria)"},
["jml"] = {"Jumli"},
["jmn"] = {"Makuri Naga"},
["jmr"] = {"Kamara"},
["jms"] = {"Mashi (Nigeria)"},
["jmw"] = {"Mouwase"},
["jmx"] = {"Western Juxtlahuaca Mixtec"},
["jna"] = {"Jangshung"},
["jnd"] = {"Jandavra"},
["jng"] = {"Yangman"},
["jni"] = {"Janji"},
["jnj"] = {"Yemsa"},
["jnl"] = {"Rawat"},
["jns"] = {"Jaunsari"},
["job"] = {"Joba"},
["jod"] = {"Wojenaka"},
["jog"] = {"Jogi"},
["jor"] = {"Jorá"},
["jos"] = {"Jordanian Sign Language"},
["jow"] = {"Jowulu"},
["jpa"] = {"Jewish Palestinian Aramaic"},
["jpr"] = {"Judeo-Persian"},
["jpx"] = {"Japanese (family)"},
["jqr"] = {"Jaqaru"},
["jra"] = {"Jarai"},
["jrb"] = {"Judeo-Arabic"},
["jrr"] = {"Jiru"},
["jrt"] = {"Jakattoe"},
["jru"] = {"Japrería"},
["jsl"] = {"Japanese Sign Language"},
["jua"] = {"Júma"},
["jub"] = {"Wannu"},
["juc"] = {"Jurchen"},
["jud"] = {"Worodougou"},
["juh"] = {"Hõne"},
["jui"] = {"Ngadjuri"},
["juk"] = {"Wapan"},
["jul"] = {"Jirel"},
["jum"] = {"Jumjum"},
["jun"] = {"Juang"},
["juo"] = {"Jiba"},
["jup"] = {"Hupdë"},
["jur"] = {"Jurúna"},
["jus"] = {"Jumla Sign Language"},
["jut"] = {"Jutish"},
["juu"] = {"Ju"},
["juw"] = {"Wãpha"},
["juy"] = {"Juray"},
["jvd"] = {"Javindo"},
["jvn"] = {"Caribbean Javanese"},
["jwi"] = {"Jwira-Pepesa"},
["jya"] = {"Jiarong"},
["jye"] = {"Judeo-Yemeni Arabic"},
["jyy"] = {"Jaya"},
["kaa"] = {"Kara-Kalpak", "Karakalpak"},
["kab"] = {"Kabyle"},
["kac"] = {"Kachin", "Jingpho"},
["kad"] = {"Adara"},
["kae"] = {"Ketangalan"},
["kaf"] = {"Katso"},
["kag"] = {"Kajaman"},
["kah"] = {"Kara (Central African Republic)"},
["kai"] = {"Karekare"},
["kaj"] = {"Jju"},
["kak"] = {"Kalanguya", "Kayapa Kallahan"},
["kam"] = {"Kamba (Kenya)"},
["kao"] = {"Xaasongaxango"},
["kap"] = {"Bezhta"},
["kaq"] = {"Capanahua"},
["kar"] = {"Karen languages"},
["kav"] = {"Katukína"},
["kaw"] = {"Kawi"},
["kax"] = {"Kao"},
["kay"] = {"Kamayurá"},
["kba"] = {"Kalarko"},
["kbb"] = {"Kaxuiâna"},
["kbc"] = {"Kadiwéu"},
["kbd"] = {"Kabardian"},
["kbe"] = {"Kanju"},
["kbg"] = {"Khamba"},
["kbh"] = {"Camsá"},
["kbi"] = {"Kaptiau"},
["kbj"] = {"Kari"},
["kbk"] = {"Grass Koiari"},
["kbl"] = {"Kanembu"},
["kbm"] = {"Iwal"},
["kbn"] = {"Kare (Central African Republic)"},
["kbo"] = {"Keliko"},
["kbp"] = {"Kabiyè"},
["kbq"] = {"Kamano"},
["kbr"] = {"Kafa"},
["kbs"] = {"Kande"},
["kbt"] = {"Abadi"},
["kbu"] = {"Kabutra"},
["kbv"] = {"Dera (Indonesia)"},
["kbw"] = {"Kaiep"},
["kbx"] = {"Ap Ma"},
["kby"] = {"Manga Kanuri"},
["kbz"] = {"Duhwa"},
["kca"] = {"Khanty"},
["kcb"] = {"Kawacha"},
["kcc"] = {"Lubila"},
["kcd"] = {"Ngkâlmpw Kanum"},
["kce"] = {"Kaivi"},
["kcf"] = {"Ukaan"},
["kcg"] = {"Tyap"},
["kch"] = {"Vono"},
["kci"] = {"Ngyian", "Kamantan"},
["kcj"] = {"Kobiana"},
["kck"] = {"Kalanga"},
["kcl"] = {"Kela (Papua New Guinea)", "Kala"},
["kcm"] = {"Gula (Central African Republic)"},
["kcn"] = {"Nubi"},
["kco"] = {"Kinalakna"},
["kcp"] = {"Kanga"},
["kcq"] = {"Kamo"},
["kcr"] = {"Katla"},
["kcs"] = {"Koenoem"},
["kct"] = {"Kaian"},
["kcu"] = {"Kami (Tanzania)"},
["kcv"] = {"Kete"},
["kcw"] = {"Kabwari"},
["kcx"] = {"Kachama-Ganjule"},
["kcy"] = {"Korandje"},
["kcz"] = {"Konongo"},
["kda"] = {"Worimi"},
["kdc"] = {"Kutu"},
["kdd"] = {"Yankunytjatjara"},
["kde"] = {"Makonde"},
["kdf"] = {"Mamusi"},
["kdg"] = {"Seba"},
["kdh"] = {"Tem"},
["kdi"] = {"Kumam"},
["kdj"] = {"Karamojong"},
["kdk"] = {"Numèè", "Kwényi"},
["kdl"] = {"Tsikimba"},
["kdm"] = {"Kagoma"},
["kdn"] = {"Kunda"},
["kdo"] = {"Kordofanian languages"},
["kdp"] = {"Kaningdon-Nindem"},
["kdq"] = {"Koch"},
["kdr"] = {"Karaim"},
["kdt"] = {"Kuy"},
["kdu"] = {"Kadaru"},
["kdw"] = {"Koneraw"},
["kdx"] = {"Kam"},
["kdy"] = {"Keder", "Keijar"},
["kdz"] = {"Kwaja"},
["kea"] = {"Kabuverdianu"},
["keb"] = {"Kélé"},
["kec"] = {"Keiga"},
["ked"] = {"Kerewe"},
["kee"] = {"Eastern Keres"},
["kef"] = {"Kpessi"},
["keg"] = {"Tese"},
["keh"] = {"Keak"},
["kei"] = {"Kei"},
["kej"] = {"Kadar"},
["kek"] = {"Kekchí"},
["kel"] = {"Kela (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["kem"] = {"Kemak"},
["ken"] = {"Kenyang"},
["keo"] = {"Kakwa"},
["kep"] = {"Kaikadi"},
["keq"] = {"Kamar"},
["ker"] = {"Kera"},
["kes"] = {"Kugbo"},
["ket"] = {"Ket"},
["keu"] = {"Akebu"},
["kev"] = {"Kanikkaran"},
["kew"] = {"West Kewa"},
["kex"] = {"Kukna"},
["key"] = {"Kupia"},
["kez"] = {"Kukele"},
["kfa"] = {"Kodava"},
["kfb"] = {"Northwestern Kolami"},
["kfc"] = {"Konda-Dora"},
["kfd"] = {"Korra Koraga"},
["kfe"] = {"Kota (India)"},
["kff"] = {"Koya"},
["kfg"] = {"Kudiya"},
["kfh"] = {"Kurichiya"},
["kfi"] = {"Kannada Kurumba"},
["kfj"] = {"Kemiehua"},
["kfk"] = {"Kinnauri"},
["kfl"] = {"Kung"},
["kfm"] = {"Khunsari"},
["kfn"] = {"Kuk"},
["kfo"] = {"Koro (Côte d'Ivoire)"},
["kfp"] = {"Korwa"},
["kfq"] = {"Korku"},
["kfr"] = {"Kachhi", "Kutchi"},
["kfs"] = {"Bilaspuri"},
["kft"] = {"Kanjari"},
["kfu"] = {"Katkari"},
["kfv"] = {"Kurmukar"},
["kfw"] = {"Kharam Naga"},
["kfx"] = {"Kullu Pahari"},
["kfy"] = {"Kumaoni"},
["kfz"] = {"Koromfé"},
["kga"] = {"Koyaga"},
["kgb"] = {"Kawe"},
["kge"] = {"Komering"},
["kgf"] = {"Kube"},
["kgg"] = {"Kusunda"},
["kgi"] = {"Selangor Sign Language"},
["kgj"] = {"Gamale Kham"},
["kgk"] = {"Kaiwá"},
["kgl"] = {"Kunggari"},
["kgn"] = {"Karingani"},
["kgo"] = {"Krongo"},
["kgp"] = {"Kaingang"},
["kgq"] = {"Kamoro"},
["kgr"] = {"Abun"},
["kgs"] = {"Kumbainggar"},
["kgt"] = {"Somyev"},
["kgu"] = {"Kobol"},
["kgv"] = {"Karas"},
["kgw"] = {"Karon Dori"},
["kgx"] = {"Kamaru"},
["kgy"] = {"Kyerung"},
["kha"] = {"Khasi"},
["khb"] = {"Lü"},
["khc"] = {"Tukang Besi North"},
["khd"] = {"Bädi Kanum"},
["khe"] = {"Korowai"},
["khf"] = {"Khuen"},
["khg"] = {"Khams Tibetan"},
["khh"] = {"Kehu"},
["khi"] = {"Khoisan languages"},
["khj"] = {"Kuturmi"},
["khk"] = {"Halh Mongolian"},
["khl"] = {"Lusi"},
["khn"] = {"Khandesi"},
["kho"] = {"Khotanese", "Sakan"},
["khp"] = {"Kapori", "Kapauri"},
["khq"] = {"Koyra Chiini Songhay"},
["khr"] = {"Kharia"},
["khs"] = {"Kasua"},
["kht"] = {"Khamti"},
["khu"] = {"Nkhumbi"},
["khv"] = {"Khvarshi"},
["khw"] = {"Khowar"},
["khx"] = {"Kanu"},
["khy"] = {"Kele (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["khz"] = {"Keapara"},
["kia"] = {"Kim"},
["kib"] = {"Koalib"},
["kic"] = {"Kickapoo"},
["kid"] = {"Koshin"},
["kie"] = {"Kibet"},
["kif"] = {"Eastern Parbate Kham"},
["kig"] = {"Kimaama", "Kimaghima"},
["kih"] = {"Kilmeri"},
["kii"] = {"Kitsai"},
["kij"] = {"Kilivila"},
["kil"] = {"Kariya"},
["kim"] = {"Karagas"},
["kio"] = {"Kiowa"},
["kip"] = {"Sheshi Kham"},
["kiq"] = {"Kosadle", "Kosare"},
["kis"] = {"Kis"},
["kit"] = {"Agob"},
["kiu"] = {"Kirmanjki (individual language)"},
["kiv"] = {"Kimbu"},
["kiw"] = {"Northeast Kiwai"},
["kix"] = {"Khiamniungan Naga"},
["kiy"] = {"Kirikiri"},
["kiz"] = {"Kisi"},
["kja"] = {"Mlap"},
["kjb"] = {"Q'anjob'al", "Kanjobal"},
["kjc"] = {"Coastal Konjo"},
["kjd"] = {"Southern Kiwai"},
["kje"] = {"Kisar"},
["kjg"] = {"Khmu"},
["kjh"] = {"Khakas"},
["kji"] = {"Zabana"},
["kjj"] = {"Khinalugh"},
["kjk"] = {"Highland Konjo"},
["kjl"] = {"Western Parbate Kham"},
["kjm"] = {"Kháng"},
["kjn"] = {"Kunjen"},
["kjo"] = {"Kinnauri Pahari"},
["kjp"] = {"Pwo Eastern Karen"},
["kjq"] = {"Western Keres"},
["kjr"] = {"Kurudu"},
["kjs"] = {"East Kewa"},
["kjt"] = {"Phrae Pwo Karen"},
["kju"] = {"Kashaya"},
["kjv"] = {"Kaikavian Literary Language"},
["kjx"] = {"Ramopa"},
["kjy"] = {"Erave"},
["kjz"] = {"Bumthangkha"},
["kka"] = {"Kakanda"},
["kkb"] = {"Kwerisa"},
["kkc"] = {"Odoodee"},
["kkd"] = {"Kinuku"},
["kke"] = {"Kakabe"},
["kkf"] = {"Kalaktang Monpa"},
["kkg"] = {"Mabaka Valley Kalinga"},
["kkh"] = {"Khün"},
["kki"] = {"Kagulu"},
["kkj"] = {"Kako"},
["kkk"] = {"Kokota"},
["kkl"] = {"Kosarek Yale"},
["kkm"] = {"Kiong"},
["kkn"] = {"Kon Keu"},
["kko"] = {"Karko"},
["kkp"] = {"Gugubera", "Koko-Bera"},
["kkq"] = {"Kaeku"},
["kkr"] = {"Kir-Balar"},
["kks"] = {"Giiwo"},
["kkt"] = {"Koi"},
["kku"] = {"Tumi"},
["kkv"] = {"Kangean"},
["kkw"] = {"Teke-Kukuya"},
["kkx"] = {"Kohin"},
["kky"] = {"Guugu Yimidhirr", "Guguyimidjir"},
["kkz"] = {"Kaska"},
["kla"] = {"Klamath-Modoc"},
["klb"] = {"Kiliwa"},
["klc"] = {"Kolbila"},
["kld"] = {"Gamilaraay"},
["kle"] = {"Kulung (Nepal)"},
["klf"] = {"Kendeje"},
["klg"] = {"Tagakaulo"},
["klh"] = {"Weliki"},
["kli"] = {"Kalumpang"},
["klj"] = {"Khalaj"},
["klk"] = {"Kono (Nigeria)"},
["kll"] = {"Kagan Kalagan"},
["klm"] = {"Migum"},
["kln"] = {"Kalenjin"},
["klo"] = {"Kapya"},
["klp"] = {"Kamasa"},
["klq"] = {"Rumu"},
["klr"] = {"Khaling"},
["kls"] = {"Kalasha"},
["klt"] = {"Nukna"},
["klu"] = {"Klao"},
["klv"] = {"Maskelynes"},
["klw"] = {"Tado", "Lindu"},
["klx"] = {"Koluwawa"},
["kly"] = {"Kalao"},
["klz"] = {"Kabola"},
["kma"] = {"Konni"},
["kmb"] = {"Kimbundu"},
["kmc"] = {"Southern Dong"},
["kmd"] = {"Majukayang Kalinga"},
["kme"] = {"Bakole"},
["kmf"] = {"Kare (Papua New Guinea)"},
["kmg"] = {"Kâte"},
["kmh"] = {"Kalam"},
["kmi"] = {"Kami (Nigeria)"},
["kmj"] = {"Kumarbhag Paharia"},
["kmk"] = {"Limos Kalinga"},
["kml"] = {"Tanudan Kalinga"},
["kmm"] = {"Kom (India)"},
["kmn"] = {"Awtuw"},
["kmo"] = {"Kwoma"},
["kmp"] = {"Gimme"},
["kmq"] = {"Kwama"},
["kmr"] = {"Northern Kurdish"},
["kms"] = {"Kamasau"},
["kmt"] = {"Kemtuik"},
["kmu"] = {"Kanite"},
["kmv"] = {"Karipúna Creole French"},
["kmw"] = {"Komo (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["kmx"] = {"Waboda"},
["kmy"] = {"Koma"},
["kmz"] = {"Khorasani Turkish"},
["kna"] = {"Dera (Nigeria)"},
["knb"] = {"Lubuagan Kalinga"},
["knc"] = {"Central Kanuri"},
["knd"] = {"Konda"},
["kne"] = {"Kankanaey"},
["knf"] = {"Mankanya"},
["kng"] = {"Koongo"},
["kni"] = {"Kanufi"},
["knj"] = {"Western Kanjobal"},
["knk"] = {"Kuranko"},
["knl"] = {"Keninjal"},
["knm"] = {"Kanamarí"},
["knn"] = {"Konkani (individual language)"},
["kno"] = {"Kono (Sierra Leone)"},
["knp"] = {"Kwanja"},
["knq"] = {"Kintaq"},
["knr"] = {"Kaningra"},
["kns"] = {"Kensiu"},
["knt"] = {"Panoan Katukína"},
["knu"] = {"Kono (Guinea)"},
["knv"] = {"Tabo"},
["knw"] = {"Kung-Ekoka"},
["knx"] = {"Kendayan", "Salako"},
["kny"] = {"Kanyok"},
["knz"] = {"Kalamsé"},
["koa"] = {"Konomala"},
["koc"] = {"Kpati"},
["kod"] = {"Kodi"},
["koe"] = {"Kacipo-Bale Suri"},
["kof"] = {"Kubi"},
["kog"] = {"Cogui", "Kogi"},
["koh"] = {"Koyo"},
["koi"] = {"Komi-Permyak"},
["kok"] = {"Konkani (macrolanguage)"},
["kol"] = {"Kol (Papua New Guinea)"},
["koo"] = {"Konzo"},
["kop"] = {"Waube"},
["koq"] = {"Kota (Gabon)"},
["kos"] = {"Kosraean"},
["kot"] = {"Lagwan"},
["kou"] = {"Koke"},
["kov"] = {"Kudu-Camo"},
["kow"] = {"Kugama"},
["koy"] = {"Koyukon"},
["koz"] = {"Korak"},
["kpa"] = {"Kutto"},
["kpb"] = {"Mullu Kurumba"},
["kpc"] = {"Curripaco"},
["kpd"] = {"Koba"},
["kpe"] = {"Kpelle"},
["kpf"] = {"Komba"},
["kpg"] = {"Kapingamarangi"},
["kph"] = {"Kplang"},
["kpi"] = {"Kofei"},
["kpj"] = {"Karajá"},
["kpk"] = {"Kpan"},
["kpl"] = {"Kpala"},
["kpm"] = {"Koho"},
["kpn"] = {"Kepkiriwát"},
["kpo"] = {"Ikposo"},
["kpq"] = {"Korupun-Sela"},
["kpr"] = {"Korafe-Yegha"},
["kps"] = {"Tehit"},
["kpt"] = {"Karata"},
["kpu"] = {"Kafoa"},
["kpv"] = {"Komi-Zyrian"},
["kpw"] = {"Kobon"},
["kpx"] = {"Mountain Koiali"},
["kpy"] = {"Koryak"},
["kpz"] = {"Kupsabiny"},
["kqa"] = {"Mum"},
["kqb"] = {"Kovai"},
["kqc"] = {"Doromu-Koki"},
["kqd"] = {"Koy Sanjaq Surat"},
["kqe"] = {"Kalagan"},
["kqf"] = {"Kakabai"},
["kqg"] = {"Khe"},
["kqh"] = {"Kisankasa"},
["kqi"] = {"Koitabu"},
["kqj"] = {"Koromira"},
["kqk"] = {"Kotafon Gbe"},
["kql"] = {"Kyenele"},
["kqm"] = {"Khisa"},
["kqn"] = {"Kaonde"},
["kqo"] = {"Eastern Krahn"},
["kqp"] = {"Kimré"},
["kqq"] = {"Krenak"},
["kqr"] = {"Kimaragang"},
["kqs"] = {"Northern Kissi"},
["kqt"] = {"Klias River Kadazan"},
["kqu"] = {"Seroa"},
["kqv"] = {"Okolod"},
["kqw"] = {"Kandas"},
["kqx"] = {"Mser"},
["kqy"] = {"Koorete"},
["kqz"] = {"Korana"},
["kra"] = {"Kumhali"},
["krb"] = {"Karkin"},
["krc"] = {"Karachay-Balkar"},
["krd"] = {"Kairui-Midiki"},
["kre"] = {"Panará"},
["krf"] = {"Koro (Vanuatu)"},
["krh"] = {"Kurama"},
["kri"] = {"Krio"},
["krj"] = {"Kinaray-A"},
["krk"] = {"Kerek"},
["krl"] = {"Karelian"},
["krn"] = {"Sapo"},
["kro"] = {"Kru languages"},
["krp"] = {"Durop"},
["krr"] = {"Krung"},
["krs"] = {"Gbaya (Sudan)"},
["krt"] = {"Tumari Kanuri"},
["kru"] = {"Kurukh"},
["krv"] = {"Kavet"},
["krw"] = {"Western Krahn"},
["krx"] = {"Karon"},
["kry"] = {"Kryts"},
["krz"] = {"Sota Kanum"},
["ksb"] = {"Shambala"},
["ksc"] = {"Southern Kalinga"},
["ksd"] = {"Kuanua"},
["kse"] = {"Kuni"},
["ksf"] = {"Bafia"},
["ksg"] = {"Kusaghe"},
["ksh"] = {"Kölsch"},
["ksi"] = {"Krisa", "I'saka"},
["ksj"] = {"Uare"},
["ksk"] = {"Kansa"},
["ksl"] = {"Kumalu"},
["ksm"] = {"Kumba"},
["ksn"] = {"Kasiguranin"},
["kso"] = {"Kofa"},
["ksp"] = {"Kaba"},
["ksq"] = {"Kwaami"},
["ksr"] = {"Borong"},
["kss"] = {"Southern Kisi"},
["kst"] = {"Winyé"},
["ksu"] = {"Khamyang"},
["ksv"] = {"Kusu"},
["ksw"] = {"S'gaw Karen"},
["ksx"] = {"Kedang"},
["ksy"] = {"Kharia Thar"},
["ksz"] = {"Kodaku"},
["kta"] = {"Katua"},
["ktb"] = {"Kambaata"},
["ktc"] = {"Kholok"},
["ktd"] = {"Kokata", "Kukatha"},
["kte"] = {"Nubri"},
["ktf"] = {"Kwami"},
["ktg"] = {"Kalkutung"},
["kth"] = {"Karanga"},
["kti"] = {"North Muyu"},
["ktj"] = {"Plapo Krumen"},
["ktk"] = {"Kaniet"},
["ktl"] = {"Koroshi"},
["ktm"] = {"Kurti"},
["ktn"] = {"Karitiâna"},
["kto"] = {"Kuot"},
["ktp"] = {"Kaduo"},
["ktq"] = {"Katabaga"},
["kts"] = {"South Muyu"},
["ktt"] = {"Ketum"},
["ktu"] = {"Kituba (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["ktv"] = {"Eastern Katu"},
["ktw"] = {"Kato"},
["ktx"] = {"Kaxararí"},
["kty"] = {"Kango (Bas-Uélé District)"},
["ktz"] = {"Juǀʼhoan", "Juǀʼhoansi"},
["kub"] = {"Kutep"},
["kuc"] = {"Kwinsu"},
["kud"] = {"'Auhelawa"},
["kue"] = {"Kuman (Papua New Guinea)"},
["kuf"] = {"Western Katu"},
["kug"] = {"Kupa"},
["kuh"] = {"Kushi"},
["kui"] = {"Kuikúro-Kalapálo", "Kalapalo"},
["kuj"] = {"Kuria"},
["kuk"] = {"Kepo'"},
["kul"] = {"Kulere"},
["kum"] = {"Kumyk"},
["kun"] = {"Kunama"},
["kuo"] = {"Kumukio"},
["kup"] = {"Kunimaipa"},
["kuq"] = {"Karipuna"},
["kus"] = {"Kusaal"},
["kut"] = {"Ktunaxa", "Ksanka", "Kutenai"},
["kuu"] = {"Upper Kuskokwim"},
["kuv"] = {"Kur"},
["kuw"] = {"Kpagua"},
["kux"] = {"Kukatja"},
["kuy"] = {"Kuuku-Ya'u"},
["kuz"] = {"Kunza"},
["kva"] = {"Bagvalal"},
["kvb"] = {"Kubu"},
["kvc"] = {"Kove"},
["kvd"] = {"Kui (Indonesia)"},
["kve"] = {"Kalabakan"},
["kvf"] = {"Kabalai"},
["kvg"] = {"Kuni-Boazi"},
["kvh"] = {"Komodo"},
["kvi"] = {"Kwang"},
["kvj"] = {"Psikye"},
["kvk"] = {"Korean Sign Language"},
["kvl"] = {"Kayaw"},
["kvm"] = {"Kendem"},
["kvn"] = {"Border Kuna"},
["kvo"] = {"Dobel"},
["kvp"] = {"Kompane"},
["kvq"] = {"Geba Karen"},
["kvr"] = {"Kerinci"},
["kvt"] = {"Lahta Karen", "Lahta"},
["kvu"] = {"Yinbaw Karen"},
["kvv"] = {"Kola"},
["kvw"] = {"Wersing"},
["kvx"] = {"Parkari Koli"},
["kvy"] = {"Yintale Karen", "Yintale"},
["kvz"] = {"Tsakwambo", "Tsaukambo"},
["kwa"] = {"Dâw"},
["kwb"] = {"Kwa"},
["kwc"] = {"Likwala"},
["kwd"] = {"Kwaio"},
["kwe"] = {"Kwerba"},
["kwf"] = {"Kwara'ae"},
["kwg"] = {"Sara Kaba Deme"},
["kwh"] = {"Kowiai"},
["kwi"] = {"Awa-Cuaiquer"},
["kwj"] = {"Kwanga"},
["kwk"] = {"Kwak'wala", "Kwakiutl"},
["kwl"] = {"Kofyar"},
["kwm"] = {"Kwambi"},
["kwn"] = {"Kwangali"},
["kwo"] = {"Kwomtari"},
["kwp"] = {"Kodia"},
["kwr"] = {"Kwer"},
["kws"] = {"Kwese"},
["kwt"] = {"Kwesten"},
["kwu"] = {"Kwakum"},
["kwv"] = {"Sara Kaba Náà"},
["kww"] = {"Kwinti"},
["kwx"] = {"Khirwar"},
["kwy"] = {"San Salvador Kongo"},
["kwz"] = {"Kwadi"},
["kxa"] = {"Kairiru"},
["kxb"] = {"Krobu"},
["kxc"] = {"Konso", "Khonso"},
["kxd"] = {"Brunei"},
["kxf"] = {"Manumanaw Karen", "Manumanaw"},
["kxh"] = {"Karo (Ethiopia)"},
["kxi"] = {"Keningau Murut"},
["kxj"] = {"Kulfa"},
["kxk"] = {"Zayein Karen"},
["kxm"] = {"Northern Khmer"},
["kxn"] = {"Kanowit-Tanjong Melanau"},
["kxo"] = {"Kanoé"},
["kxp"] = {"Wadiyara Koli"},
["kxq"] = {"Smärky Kanum"},
["kxr"] = {"Koro (Papua New Guinea)"},
["kxs"] = {"Kangjia"},
["kxt"] = {"Koiwat"},
["kxv"] = {"Kuvi"},
["kxw"] = {"Konai"},
["kxx"] = {"Likuba"},
["kxy"] = {"Kayong"},
["kxz"] = {"Kerewo"},
["kya"] = {"Kwaya"},
["kyb"] = {"Butbut Kalinga"},
["kyc"] = {"Kyaka"},
["kyd"] = {"Karey"},
["kye"] = {"Krache"},
["kyf"] = {"Kouya"},
["kyg"] = {"Keyagana"},
["kyh"] = {"Karok"},
["kyi"] = {"Kiput"},
["kyj"] = {"Karao"},
["kyk"] = {"Kamayo"},
["kyl"] = {"Kalapuya"},
["kym"] = {"Kpatili"},
["kyn"] = {"Northern Binukidnon"},
["kyo"] = {"Kelon"},
["kyp"] = {"Kang"},
["kyq"] = {"Kenga"},
["kyr"] = {"Kuruáya"},
["kys"] = {"Baram Kayan"},
["kyt"] = {"Kayagar"},
["kyu"] = {"Western Kayah"},
["kyv"] = {"Kayort"},
["kyw"] = {"Kudmali"},
["kyx"] = {"Rapoisi"},
["kyy"] = {"Kambaira"},
["kyz"] = {"Kayabí"},
["kza"] = {"Western Karaboro"},
["kzb"] = {"Kaibobo"},
["kzc"] = {"Bondoukou Kulango"},
["kzd"] = {"Kadai"},
["kze"] = {"Kosena"},
["kzf"] = {"Da'a Kaili"},
["kzg"] = {"Kikai"},
["kzi"] = {"Kelabit"},
["kzk"] = {"Kazukuru"},
["kzl"] = {"Kayeli"},
["kzm"] = {"Kais"},
["kzn"] = {"Kokola"},
["kzo"] = {"Kaningi"},
["kzp"] = {"Kaidipang"},
["kzq"] = {"Kaike"},
["kzr"] = {"Karang"},
["kzs"] = {"Sugut Dusun"},
["kzu"] = {"Kayupulau"},
["kzv"] = {"Komyandaret"},
["kzw"] = {"Karirí-Xocó"},
["kzx"] = {"Kamarian"},
["kzy"] = {"Kango (Tshopo District)"},
["kzz"] = {"Kalabra"},
["laa"] = {"Southern Subanen"},
["lab"] = {"Linear A"},
["lac"] = {"Lacandon"},
["lad"] = {"Ladino"},
["lae"] = {"Pattani"},
["laf"] = {"Lafofa"},
["lag"] = {"Rangi"},
["lah"] = {"Lahnda"},
["lai"] = {"Lambya"},
["laj"] = {"Lango (Uganda)"},
["lal"] = {"Lalia"},
["lam"] = {"Lamba"},
["lan"] = {"Laru"},
["lap"] = {"Laka (Chad)"},
["laq"] = {"Qabiao"},
["lar"] = {"Larteh"},
["las"] = {"Lama (Togo)"},
["lau"] = {"Laba"},
["law"] = {"Lauje"},
["lax"] = {"Tiwa"},
["lay"] = {"Lama Bai"},
["laz"] = {"Aribwatsa"},
["lbb"] = {"Label"},
["lbc"] = {"Lakkia"},
["lbe"] = {"Lak"},
["lbf"] = {"Tinani"},
["lbg"] = {"Laopang"},
["lbi"] = {"La'bi"},
["lbj"] = {"Ladakhi"},
["lbk"] = {"Central Bontok"},
["lbl"] = {"Libon Bikol"},
["lbm"] = {"Lodhi"},
["lbn"] = {"Rmeet"},
["lbo"] = {"Laven"},
["lbq"] = {"Wampar"},
["lbr"] = {"Lohorung"},
["lbs"] = {"Libyan Sign Language"},
["lbt"] = {"Lachi"},
["lbu"] = {"Labu"},
["lbv"] = {"Lavatbura-Lamusong"},
["lbw"] = {"Tolaki"},
["lbx"] = {"Lawangan"},
["lby"] = {"Lamalama", "Lamu-Lamu"},
["lbz"] = {"Lardil"},
["lcc"] = {"Legenyem"},
["lcd"] = {"Lola"},
["lce"] = {"Loncong", "Sekak"},
["lcf"] = {"Lubu"},
["lch"] = {"Luchazi"},
["lcl"] = {"Lisela"},
["lcm"] = {"Tungag"},
["lcp"] = {"Western Lawa"},
["lcq"] = {"Luhu"},
["lcs"] = {"Lisabata-Nuniali"},
["lda"] = {"Kla-Dan"},
["ldb"] = {"Dũya"},
["ldd"] = {"Luri"},
["ldg"] = {"Lenyima"},
["ldh"] = {"Lamja-Dengsa-Tola"},
["ldi"] = {"Laari"},
["ldj"] = {"Lemoro"},
["ldk"] = {"Leelau"},
["ldl"] = {"Kaan"},
["ldm"] = {"Landoma"},
["ldn"] = {"Láadan"},
["ldo"] = {"Loo"},
["ldp"] = {"Tso"},
["ldq"] = {"Lufu"},
["lea"] = {"Lega-Shabunda"},
["leb"] = {"Lala-Bisa"},
["lec"] = {"Leco"},
["led"] = {"Lendu"},
["lee"] = {"Lyélé"},
["lef"] = {"Lelemi"},
["leh"] = {"Lenje"},
["lei"] = {"Lemio"},
["lej"] = {"Lengola"},
["lek"] = {"Leipon"},
["lel"] = {"Lele (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["lem"] = {"Nomaande"},
["len"] = {"Lenca"},
["leo"] = {"Leti (Cameroon)"},
["lep"] = {"Lepcha"},
["leq"] = {"Lembena"},
["ler"] = {"Lenkau"},
["les"] = {"Lese"},
["let"] = {"Lesing-Gelimi", "Amio-Gelimi"},
["leu"] = {"Kara (Papua New Guinea)"},
["lev"] = {"Lamma"},
["lew"] = {"Ledo Kaili"},
["lex"] = {"Luang"},
["ley"] = {"Lemolang"},
["lez"] = {"Lezghian"},
["lfa"] = {"Lefa"},
["lfb"] = {"Buu (Cameroon)"},
["lfn"] = {"Lingua Franca Nova"},
["lga"] = {"Lungga"},
["lgb"] = {"Laghu"},
["lgg"] = {"Lugbara"},
["lgh"] = {"Laghuu"},
["lgi"] = {"Lengilu"},
["lgk"] = {"Lingarak", "Neverver"},
["lgl"] = {"Wala"},
["lgm"] = {"Lega-Mwenga"},
["lgn"] = {"T'apo", "Opuuo"},
["lgo"] = {"Lango (South Sudan)"},
["lgq"] = {"Logba"},
["lgr"] = {"Lengo"},
["lgs"] = {"Guinea-Bissau Sign Language", "Língua Gestual Guineense"},
["lgt"] = {"Pahi"},
["lgu"] = {"Longgu"},
["lgz"] = {"Ligenza"},
["lha"] = {"Laha (Viet Nam)"},
["lhh"] = {"Laha (Indonesia)"},
["lhi"] = {"Lahu Shi"},
["lhl"] = {"Lahul Lohar"},
["lhm"] = {"Lhomi"},
["lhn"] = {"Lahanan"},
["lhp"] = {"Lhokpu"},
["lhs"] = {"Mlahsö"},
["lht"] = {"Lo-Toga"},
["lhu"] = {"Lahu"},
["lia"] = {"West-Central Limba"},
["lib"] = {"Likum"},
["lic"] = {"Hlai"},
["lid"] = {"Nyindrou"},
["lie"] = {"Likila"},
["lif"] = {"Limbu"},
["lig"] = {"Ligbi"},
["lih"] = {"Lihir"},
["lij"] = {"Ligurian"},
["lik"] = {"Lika"},
["lil"] = {"Lillooet"},
["lio"] = {"Liki"},
["lip"] = {"Sekpele"},
["liq"] = {"Libido"},
["lir"] = {"Liberian English"},
["lis"] = {"Lisu"},
["liu"] = {"Logorik"},
["liv"] = {"Liv"},
["liw"] = {"Col"},
["lix"] = {"Liabuku"},
["liy"] = {"Banda-Bambari"},
["liz"] = {"Libinza"},
["lja"] = {"Golpa"},
["lje"] = {"Rampi"},
["lji"] = {"Laiyolo"},
["ljl"] = {"Li'o"},
["ljp"] = {"Lampung Api"},
["ljw"] = {"Yirandali"},
["ljx"] = {"Yuru"},
["lka"] = {"Lakalei"},
["lkb"] = {"Kabras", "Lukabaras"},
["lkc"] = {"Kucong"},
["lkd"] = {"Lakondê"},
["lke"] = {"Kenyi"},
["lkh"] = {"Lakha"},
["lki"] = {"Laki"},
["lkj"] = {"Remun"},
["lkl"] = {"Laeko-Libuat"},
["lkm"] = {"Kalaamaya"},
["lkn"] = {"Lakon", "Vure"},
["lko"] = {"Khayo", "Olukhayo"},
["lkr"] = {"Päri"},
["lks"] = {"Kisa", "Olushisa"},
["lkt"] = {"Lakota"},
["lku"] = {"Kungkari"},
["lky"] = {"Lokoya"},
["lla"] = {"Lala-Roba"},
["llb"] = {"Lolo"},
["llc"] = {"Lele (Guinea)"},
["lld"] = {"Ladin"},
["lle"] = {"Lele (Papua New Guinea)"},
["llf"] = {"Hermit"},
["llg"] = {"Lole"},
["llh"] = {"Lamu"},
["lli"] = {"Teke-Laali"},
["llj"] = {"Ladji Ladji"},
["llk"] = {"Lelak"},
["lll"] = {"Lilau"},
["llm"] = {"Lasalimu"},
["lln"] = {"Lele (Chad)"},
["llp"] = {"North Efate"},
["llq"] = {"Lolak"},
["lls"] = {"Lithuanian Sign Language"},
["llu"] = {"Lau"},
["llx"] = {"Lauan"},
["lma"] = {"East Limba"},
["lmb"] = {"Merei"},
["lmc"] = {"Limilngan"},
["lmd"] = {"Lumun"},
["lme"] = {"Pévé"},
["lmf"] = {"South Lembata"},
["lmg"] = {"Lamogai"},
["lmh"] = {"Lambichhong"},
["lmi"] = {"Lombi"},
["lmj"] = {"West Lembata"},
["lmk"] = {"Lamkang"},
["lml"] = {"Hano"},
["lmn"] = {"Lambadi"},
["lmo"] = {"Lombard"},
["lmp"] = {"Limbum"},
["lmq"] = {"Lamatuka"},
["lmr"] = {"Lamalera"},
["lmu"] = {"Lamenu"},
["lmv"] = {"Lomaiviti"},
["lmw"] = {"Lake Miwok"},
["lmx"] = {"Laimbue"},
["lmy"] = {"Lamboya"},
["lna"] = {"Langbashe"},
["lnb"] = {"Mbalanhu"},
["lnd"] = {"Lundayeh", "Lun Bawang"},
["lng"] = {"Langobardic"},
["lnh"] = {"Lanoh"},
["lni"] = {"Daantanai'"},
["lnj"] = {"Leningitij"},
["lnl"] = {"South Central Banda"},
["lnm"] = {"Langam"},
["lnn"] = {"Lorediakarkar"},
["lns"] = {"Lamnso'"},
["lnu"] = {"Longuda"},
["lnw"] = {"Lanima"},
["lnz"] = {"Lonzo"},
["loa"] = {"Loloda"},
["lob"] = {"Lobi"},
["loc"] = {"Inonhan"},
["loe"] = {"Saluan"},
["lof"] = {"Logol"},
["log"] = {"Logo"},
["loh"] = {"Laarim", "Narim"},
["loi"] = {"Loma (Côte d'Ivoire)"},
["loj"] = {"Lou"},
["lok"] = {"Loko"},
["lol"] = {"Mongo"},
["lom"] = {"Loma (Liberia)"},
["lon"] = {"Malawi Lomwe"},
["loo"] = {"Lombo"},
["lop"] = {"Lopa"},
["loq"] = {"Lobala"},
["lor"] = {"Téén"},
["los"] = {"Loniu"},
["lot"] = {"Otuho"},
["lou"] = {"Louisiana Creole"},
["lov"] = {"Lopi"},
["low"] = {"Tampias Lobu"},
["lox"] = {"Loun"},
["loy"] = {"Loke"},
["loz"] = {"Lozi"},
["lpa"] = {"Lelepa"},
["lpe"] = {"Lepki"},
["lpn"] = {"Long Phuri Naga"},
["lpo"] = {"Lipo"},
["lpx"] = {"Lopit"},
["lqr"] = {"Logir"},
["lra"] = {"Rara Bakati'"},
["lrc"] = {"Northern Luri"},
["lre"] = {"Laurentian"},
["lrg"] = {"Laragia"},
["lri"] = {"Marachi", "Olumarachi"},
["lrk"] = {"Loarki"},
["lrl"] = {"Lari"},
["lrm"] = {"Marama", "Olumarama"},
["lrn"] = {"Lorang"},
["lro"] = {"Laro"},
["lrr"] = {"Southern Yamphu"},
["lrt"] = {"Larantuka Malay"},
["lrv"] = {"Larevat"},
["lrz"] = {"Lemerig"},
["lsa"] = {"Lasgerdi"},
["lsb"] = {"Burundian Sign Language", "Langue des Signes Burundaise"},
["lsc"] = {"Albarradas Sign Language", "Lengua de señas Albarradas"},
["lsd"] = {"Lishana Deni"},
["lse"] = {"Lusengo"},
["lsh"] = {"Lish"},
["lsi"] = {"Lashi"},
["lsl"] = {"Latvian Sign Language"},
["lsm"] = {"Saamia", "Olusamia"},
["lsn"] = {"Tibetan Sign Language"},
["lso"] = {"Laos Sign Language"},
["lsp"] = {"Panamanian Sign Language", "Lengua de Señas Panameñas"},
["lsr"] = {"Aruop"},
["lss"] = {"Lasi"},
["lst"] = {"Trinidad and Tobago Sign Language"},
["lsv"] = {"Sivia Sign Language"},
["lsw"] = {"Seychelles Sign Language", "Lalang Siny Seselwa", "Langue des Signes Seychelloise"},
["lsy"] = {"Mauritian Sign Language"},
["ltc"] = {"Late Middle Chinese"},
["ltg"] = {"Latgalian"},
["lth"] = {"Thur"},
["lti"] = {"Leti (Indonesia)"},
["ltn"] = {"Latundê"},
["lto"] = {"Tsotso", "Olutsotso"},
["lts"] = {"Tachoni", "Lutachoni"},
["ltu"] = {"Latu"},
["lua"] = {"Luba-Lulua"},
["luc"] = {"Aringa"},
["lud"] = {"Ludian"},
["lue"] = {"Luvale"},
["luf"] = {"Laua"},
["luh"] = {"Leizhou Chinese"},
["lui"] = {"Luiseño"},
["luj"] = {"Luna"},
["luk"] = {"Lunanakha"},
["lul"] = {"Olu'bo"},
["lum"] = {"Luimbi"},
["lun"] = {"Lunda"},
["luo"] = {"Luo (Kenya and Tanzania)", "Dholuo"},
["lup"] = {"Lumbu"},
["luq"] = {"Lucumi"},
["lur"] = {"Laura"},
["lus"] = {"Lushai"},
["lut"] = {"Lushootseed"},
["luu"] = {"Lumba-Yakkha"},
["luv"] = {"Luwati"},
["luw"] = {"Luo (Cameroon)"},
["luy"] = {"Luyia", "Oluluyia"},
["luz"] = {"Southern Luri"},
["lva"] = {"Maku'a"},
["lvi"] = {"Lavi"},
["lvk"] = {"Lavukaleve"},
["lvl"] = {"Lwel"},
["lvs"] = {"Standard Latvian"},
["lvu"] = {"Levuka"},
["lwa"] = {"Lwalu"},
["lwe"] = {"Lewo Eleng"},
["lwg"] = {"Wanga", "Oluwanga"},
["lwh"] = {"White Lachi"},
["lwl"] = {"Eastern Lawa"},
["lwm"] = {"Laomian"},
["lwo"] = {"Luwo"},
["lws"] = {"Malawian Sign Language"},
["lwt"] = {"Lewotobi"},
["lwu"] = {"Lawu"},
["lww"] = {"Lewo"},
["lxm"] = {"Lakurumau"},
["lya"] = {"Layakha"},
["lyg"] = {"Lyngngam"},
["lyn"] = {"Luyana"},
["lzh"] = {"Literary Chinese"},
["lzl"] = {"Litzlitz"},
["lzn"] = {"Leinong Naga"},
["lzz"] = {"Laz"},
["maa"] = {"San Jerónimo Tecóatl Mazatec"},
["mab"] = {"Yutanduchi Mixtec"},
["mad"] = {"Madurese"},
["mae"] = {"Bo-Rukul"},
["maf"] = {"Mafa"},
["mag"] = {"Magahi"},
["mai"] = {"Maithili"},
["maj"] = {"Jalapa De Díaz Mazatec"},
["mak"] = {"Makasar"},
["mam"] = {"Mam"},
["man"] = {"Mandingo", "Manding"},
["map"] = {"Austronesian languages"},
["maq"] = {"Chiquihuitlán Mazatec"},
["mas"] = {"Masai"},
["mat"] = {"San Francisco Matlatzinca"},
["mau"] = {"Huautla Mazatec"},
["mav"] = {"Sateré-Mawé"},
["maw"] = {"Mampruli"},
["max"] = {"North Moluccan Malay"},
["maz"] = {"Central Mazahua"},
["mba"] = {"Higaonon"},
["mbb"] = {"Western Bukidnon Manobo"},
["mbc"] = {"Macushi"},
["mbd"] = {"Dibabawon Manobo"},
["mbe"] = {"Molale"},
["mbf"] = {"Baba Malay"},
["mbh"] = {"Mangseng"},
["mbi"] = {"Ilianen Manobo"},
["mbj"] = {"Nadëb"},
["mbk"] = {"Malol"},
["mbl"] = {"Maxakalí"},
["mbm"] = {"Ombamba"},
["mbn"] = {"Macaguán"},
["mbo"] = {"Mbo (Cameroon)"},
["mbp"] = {"Malayo"},
["mbq"] = {"Maisin"},
["mbr"] = {"Nukak Makú"},
["mbs"] = {"Sarangani Manobo"},
["mbt"] = {"Matigsalug Manobo"},
["mbu"] = {"Mbula-Bwazza"},
["mbv"] = {"Mbulungish"},
["mbw"] = {"Maring"},
["mbx"] = {"Mari (East Sepik Province)"},
["mby"] = {"Memoni"},
["mbz"] = {"Amoltepec Mixtec"},
["mca"] = {"Maca"},
["mcb"] = {"Machiguenga"},
["mcc"] = {"Bitur"},
["mcd"] = {"Sharanahua"},
["mce"] = {"Itundujia Mixtec"},
["mcf"] = {"Matsés"},
["mcg"] = {"Mapoyo"},
["mch"] = {"Maquiritari"},
["mci"] = {"Mese"},
["mcj"] = {"Mvanip"},
["mck"] = {"Mbunda"},
["mcl"] = {"Macaguaje"},
["mcm"] = {"Malaccan Creole Portuguese"},
["mcn"] = {"Masana"},
["mco"] = {"Coatlán Mixe"},
["mcp"] = {"Makaa"},
["mcq"] = {"Ese"},
["mcr"] = {"Menya"},
["mcs"] = {"Mambai"},
["mct"] = {"Mengisa"},
["mcu"] = {"Cameroon Mambila"},
["mcv"] = {"Minanibai"},
["mcw"] = {"Mawa (Chad)"},
["mcx"] = {"Mpiemo"},
["mcy"] = {"South Watut"},
["mcz"] = {"Mawan"},
["mda"] = {"Mada (Nigeria)"},
["mdb"] = {"Morigi"},
["mdc"] = {"Soq", "Male (Papua New Guinea)"},
["mdd"] = {"Mbum"},
["mde"] = {"Maba (Chad)"},
["mdf"] = {"Moksha"},
["mdg"] = {"Massalat"},
["mdh"] = {"Maguindanaon"},
["mdi"] = {"Mamvu"},
["mdj"] = {"Mangbetu"},
["mdk"] = {"Mangbutu"},
["mdl"] = {"Maltese Sign Language"},
["mdm"] = {"Mayogo"},
["mdn"] = {"Mbati"},
["mdp"] = {"Mbala"},
["mdq"] = {"Mbole"},
["mdr"] = {"Mandar"},
["mds"] = {"Maria (Papua New Guinea)"},
["mdt"] = {"Mbere"},
["mdu"] = {"Mboko"},
["mdv"] = {"Santa Lucía Monteverde Mixtec"},
["mdw"] = {"Mbosi"},
["mdx"] = {"Dizin"},
["mdy"] = {"Male", "Male (Ethiopia)"},
["mdz"] = {"Suruí Do Pará"},
["mea"] = {"Menka"},
["meb"] = {"Ikobi"},
["mec"] = {"Marra"},
["med"] = {"Melpa"},
["mee"] = {"Mengen"},
["mef"] = {"Megam"},
["meh"] = {"Southwestern Tlaxiaco Mixtec"},
["mei"] = {"Midob"},
["mej"] = {"Meyah"},
["mek"] = {"Mekeo"},
["mel"] = {"Central Melanau"},
["mem"] = {"Mangala"},
["men"] = {"Mende (Sierra Leone)"},
["meo"] = {"Kedah Malay"},
["mep"] = {"Miriwoong"},
["meq"] = {"Merey"},
["mer"] = {"Meru"},
["mes"] = {"Masmaje"},
["met"] = {"Mato"},
["meu"] = {"Motu"},
["mev"] = {"Mano"},
["mew"] = {"Maaka"},
["mey"] = {"Hassaniyya"},
["mez"] = {"Menominee"},
["mfa"] = {"Pattani Malay"},
["mfb"] = {"Bangka"},
["mfc"] = {"Mba"},
["mfd"] = {"Mendankwe-Nkwen"},
["mfe"] = {"Morisyen"},
["mff"] = {"Naki"},
["mfg"] = {"Mogofin"},
["mfh"] = {"Matal"},
["mfi"] = {"Wandala"},
["mfj"] = {"Mefele"},
["mfk"] = {"North Mofu"},
["mfl"] = {"Putai"},
["mfm"] = {"Marghi South"},
["mfn"] = {"Cross River Mbembe"},
["mfo"] = {"Mbe"},
["mfp"] = {"Makassar Malay"},
["mfq"] = {"Moba"},
["mfr"] = {"Marrithiyel"},
["mfs"] = {"Mexican Sign Language"},
["mft"] = {"Mokerang"},
["mfu"] = {"Mbwela"},
["mfv"] = {"Mandjak"},
["mfw"] = {"Mulaha"},
["mfx"] = {"Melo"},
["mfy"] = {"Mayo"},
["mfz"] = {"Mabaan"},
["mga"] = {"Middle Irish (900-1200)"},
["mgb"] = {"Mararit"},
["mgc"] = {"Morokodo"},
["mgd"] = {"Moru"},
["mge"] = {"Mango"},
["mgf"] = {"Maklew"},
["mgg"] = {"Mpumpong"},
["mgh"] = {"Makhuwa-Meetto"},
["mgi"] = {"Lijili"},
["mgj"] = {"Abureni"},
["mgk"] = {"Mawes"},
["mgl"] = {"Maleu-Kilenge"},
["mgm"] = {"Mambae"},
["mgn"] = {"Mbangi"},
["mgo"] = {"Meta'"},
["mgp"] = {"Eastern Magar"},
["mgq"] = {"Malila"},
["mgr"] = {"Mambwe-Lungu"},
["mgs"] = {"Manda (Tanzania)"},
["mgt"] = {"Mongol"},
["mgu"] = {"Mailu"},
["mgv"] = {"Matengo"},
["mgw"] = {"Matumbi"},
["mgy"] = {"Mbunga"},
["mgz"] = {"Mbugwe"},
["mha"] = {"Manda (India)"},
["mhb"] = {"Mahongwe"},
["mhc"] = {"Mocho"},
["mhd"] = {"Mbugu"},
["mhe"] = {"Besisi", "Mah Meri"},
["mhf"] = {"Mamaa"},
["mhg"] = {"Margu"},
["mhi"] = {"Ma'di"},
["mhj"] = {"Mogholi"},
["mhk"] = {"Mungaka"},
["mhl"] = {"Mauwake"},
["mhm"] = {"Makhuwa-Moniga"},
["mhn"] = {"Mòcheno"},
["mho"] = {"Mashi (Zambia)"},
["mhp"] = {"Balinese Malay"},
["mhq"] = {"Mandan"},
["mhr"] = {"Eastern Mari"},
["mhs"] = {"Buru (Indonesia)"},
["mht"] = {"Mandahuaca"},
["mhu"] = {"Digaro-Mishmi", "Darang Deng"},
["mhw"] = {"Mbukushu"},
["mhx"] = {"Maru", "Lhaovo"},
["mhy"] = {"Ma'anyan"},
["mhz"] = {"Mor (Mor Islands)"},
["mia"] = {"Miami"},
["mib"] = {"Atatláhuca Mixtec"},
["mic"] = {"Mi'kmaq", "Micmac"},
["mid"] = {"Mandaic"},
["mie"] = {"Ocotepec Mixtec"},
["mif"] = {"Mofu-Gudur"},
["mig"] = {"San Miguel El Grande Mixtec"},
["mih"] = {"Chayuco Mixtec"},
["mii"] = {"Chigmecatitlán Mixtec"},
["mij"] = {"Abar", "Mungbam"},
["mik"] = {"Mikasuki"},
["mil"] = {"Peñoles Mixtec"},
["mim"] = {"Alacatlatzala Mixtec"},
["min"] = {"Minangkabau"},
["mio"] = {"Pinotepa Nacional Mixtec"},
["mip"] = {"Apasco-Apoala Mixtec"},
["miq"] = {"Mískito"},
["mir"] = {"Isthmus Mixe"},
["mis"] = {"Uncoded languages"},
["mit"] = {"Southern Puebla Mixtec"},
["miu"] = {"Cacaloxtepec Mixtec"},
["miw"] = {"Akoye"},
["mix"] = {"Mixtepec Mixtec"},
["miy"] = {"Ayutla Mixtec"},
["miz"] = {"Coatzospan Mixtec"},
["mjb"] = {"Makalero"},
["mjc"] = {"San Juan Colorado Mixtec"},
["mjd"] = {"Northwest Maidu"},
["mje"] = {"Muskum"},
["mjg"] = {"Tu"},
["mjh"] = {"Mwera (Nyasa)"},
["mji"] = {"Kim Mun"},
["mjj"] = {"Mawak"},
["mjk"] = {"Matukar"},
["mjl"] = {"Mandeali"},
["mjm"] = {"Medebur"},
["mjn"] = {"Ma (Papua New Guinea)"},
["mjo"] = {"Malankuravan"},
["mjp"] = {"Malapandaram"},
["mjq"] = {"Malaryan"},
["mjr"] = {"Malavedan"},
["mjs"] = {"Miship"},
["mjt"] = {"Sauria Paharia"},
["mju"] = {"Manna-Dora"},
["mjv"] = {"Mannan"},
["mjw"] = {"Karbi"},
["mjx"] = {"Mahali"},
["mjy"] = {"Mahican"},
["mjz"] = {"Majhi"},
["mka"] = {"Mbre"},
["mkb"] = {"Mal Paharia"},
["mkc"] = {"Siliput"},
["mke"] = {"Mawchi"},
["mkf"] = {"Miya"},
["mkg"] = {"Mak (China)"},
["mkh"] = {"Mon-Khmer languages"},
["mki"] = {"Dhatki"},
["mkj"] = {"Mokilese"},
["mkk"] = {"Byep"},
["mkl"] = {"Mokole"},
["mkm"] = {"Moklen"},
["mkn"] = {"Kupang Malay"},
["mko"] = {"Mingang Doso"},
["mkp"] = {"Moikodi"},
["mkq"] = {"Bay Miwok"},
["mkr"] = {"Malas"},
["mks"] = {"Silacayoapan Mixtec"},
["mkt"] = {"Vamale"},
["mku"] = {"Konyanka Maninka"},
["mkv"] = {"Mafea"},
["mkw"] = {"Kituba (Congo)"},
["mkx"] = {"Kinamiging Manobo"},
["mky"] = {"East Makian"},
["mkz"] = {"Makasae"},
["mla"] = {"Malo"},
["mlb"] = {"Mbule"},
["mlc"] = {"Cao Lan"},
["mle"] = {"Manambu"},
["mlf"] = {"Mal"},
["mlh"] = {"Mape"},
["mli"] = {"Malimpung"},
["mlj"] = {"Miltu"},
["mlk"] = {"Ilwana", "Kiwilwana"},
["mll"] = {"Malua Bay"},
["mlm"] = {"Mulam"},
["mln"] = {"Malango"},
["mlo"] = {"Mlomp"},
["mlp"] = {"Bargam"},
["mlq"] = {"Western Maninkakan"},
["mlr"] = {"Vame"},
["mls"] = {"Masalit"},
["mlu"] = {"To'abaita"},
["mlv"] = {"Motlav", "Mwotlap"},
["mlw"] = {"Moloko"},
["mlx"] = {"Malfaxal", "Naha'ai"},
["mlz"] = {"Malaynon"},
["mma"] = {"Mama"},
["mmb"] = {"Momina"},
["mmc"] = {"Michoacán Mazahua"},
["mmd"] = {"Maonan"},
["mme"] = {"Mae"},
["mmf"] = {"Mundat"},
["mmg"] = {"North Ambrym"},
["mmh"] = {"Mehináku"},
["mmi"] = {"Hember Avu", "Amben", "Musar"},
["mmj"] = {"Majhwar"},
["mmk"] = {"Mukha-Dora"},
["mml"] = {"Man Met"},
["mmm"] = {"Maii"},
["mmn"] = {"Mamanwa"},
["mmo"] = {"Mangga Buang"},
["mmp"] = {"Siawi"},
["mmq"] = {"Musak"},
["mmr"] = {"Western Xiangxi Miao"},
["mmt"] = {"Malalamai"},
["mmu"] = {"Mmaala"},
["mmv"] = {"Miriti"},
["mmw"] = {"Emae"},
["mmx"] = {"Madak"},
["mmy"] = {"Migaama"},
["mmz"] = {"Mabaale"},
["mna"] = {"Mbula"},
["mnb"] = {"Muna"},
["mnc"] = {"Manchu"},
["mnd"] = {"Mondé"},
["mne"] = {"Naba"},
["mnf"] = {"Mundani"},
["mng"] = {"Eastern Mnong"},
["mnh"] = {"Mono (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["mni"] = {"Manipuri"},
["mnj"] = {"Munji"},
["mnk"] = {"Mandinka"},
["mnl"] = {"Tiale"},
["mnm"] = {"Mapena"},
["mnn"] = {"Southern Mnong"},
["mno"] = {"Manobo languages"},
["mnp"] = {"Min Bei Chinese"},
["mnq"] = {"Minriq"},
["mnr"] = {"Mono (USA)"},
["mns"] = {"Mansi"},
["mnu"] = {"Mer"},
["mnv"] = {"Rennell-Bellona"},
["mnw"] = {"Mon"},
["mnx"] = {"Manikion"},
["mny"] = {"Manyawa"},
["mnz"] = {"Moni"},
["moa"] = {"Mwan"},
["moc"] = {"Mocoví"},
["mod"] = {"Mobilian"},
["moe"] = {"Innu", "Montagnais"},
["mog"] = {"Mongondow"},
["moh"] = {"Mohawk", "Kanien'kéha"},
["moi"] = {"Mboi"},
["moj"] = {"Monzombo"},
["mok"] = {"Morori"},
["mom"] = {"Mangue"},
["moo"] = {"Monom"},
["mop"] = {"Mopán Maya"},
["moq"] = {"Mor (Bomberai Peninsula)"},
["mor"] = {"Moro"},
["mos"] = {"Mossi"},
["mot"] = {"Barí"},
["mou"] = {"Mogum"},
["mov"] = {"Mohave"},
["mow"] = {"Moi (Congo)"},
["mox"] = {"Molima"},
["moy"] = {"Shekkacho"},
["moz"] = {"Mukulu", "Gergiko"},
["mpa"] = {"Mpoto"},
["mpb"] = {"Malak Malak", "Mullukmulluk"},
["mpc"] = {"Mangarrayi"},
["mpd"] = {"Machinere"},
["mpe"] = {"Majang"},
["mpg"] = {"Marba"},
["mph"] = {"Maung"},
["mpi"] = {"Mpade"},
["mpj"] = {"Martu Wangka", "Wangkajunga"},
["mpk"] = {"Mbara (Chad)"},
["mpl"] = {"Middle Watut"},
["mpm"] = {"Yosondúa Mixtec"},
["mpn"] = {"Mindiri"},
["mpo"] = {"Miu"},
["mpp"] = {"Migabac"},
["mpq"] = {"Matís"},
["mpr"] = {"Vangunu"},
["mps"] = {"Dadibi"},
["mpt"] = {"Mian"},
["mpu"] = {"Makuráp"},
["mpv"] = {"Mungkip"},
["mpw"] = {"Mapidian"},
["mpx"] = {"Misima-Panaeati"},
["mpy"] = {"Mapia"},
["mpz"] = {"Mpi"},
["mqa"] = {"Maba (Indonesia)"},
["mqb"] = {"Mbuko"},
["mqc"] = {"Mangole"},
["mqe"] = {"Matepi"},
["mqf"] = {"Momuna"},
["mqg"] = {"Kota Bangun Kutai Malay"},
["mqh"] = {"Tlazoyaltepec Mixtec"},
["mqi"] = {"Mariri"},
["mqj"] = {"Mamasa"},
["mqk"] = {"Rajah Kabunsuwan Manobo"},
["mql"] = {"Mbelime"},
["mqm"] = {"South Marquesan"},
["mqn"] = {"Moronene"},
["mqo"] = {"Modole"},
["mqp"] = {"Manipa"},
["mqq"] = {"Minokok"},
["mqr"] = {"Mander"},
["mqs"] = {"West Makian"},
["mqt"] = {"Mok"},
["mqu"] = {"Mandari"},
["mqv"] = {"Mosimo"},
["mqw"] = {"Murupi"},
["mqx"] = {"Mamuju"},
["mqy"] = {"Manggarai"},
["mqz"] = {"Pano"},
["mra"] = {"Mlabri"},
["mrb"] = {"Marino"},
["mrc"] = {"Maricopa"},
["mrd"] = {"Western Magar"},
["mre"] = {"Martha's Vineyard Sign Language"},
["mrf"] = {"Elseng"},
["mrg"] = {"Mising"},
["mrh"] = {"Mara Chin"},
["mrj"] = {"Western Mari"},
["mrk"] = {"Hmwaveke"},
["mrl"] = {"Mortlockese"},
["mrm"] = {"Merlav", "Mwerlap"},
["mrn"] = {"Cheke Holo"},
["mro"] = {"Mru"},
["mrp"] = {"Morouas"},
["mrq"] = {"North Marquesan"},
["mrr"] = {"Maria (India)"},
["mrs"] = {"Maragus"},
["mrt"] = {"Marghi Central"},
["mru"] = {"Mono (Cameroon)"},
["mrv"] = {"Mangareva"},
["mrw"] = {"Maranao"},
["mrx"] = {"Maremgi", "Dineor"},
["mry"] = {"Mandaya"},
["mrz"] = {"Marind"},
["msb"] = {"Masbatenyo"},
["msc"] = {"Sankaran Maninka"},
["msd"] = {"Yucatec Maya Sign Language"},
["mse"] = {"Musey"},
["msf"] = {"Mekwei"},
["msg"] = {"Moraid"},
["msh"] = {"Masikoro Malagasy"},
["msi"] = {"Sabah Malay"},
["msj"] = {"Ma (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["msk"] = {"Mansaka"},
["msl"] = {"Molof", "Poule"},
["msm"] = {"Agusan Manobo"},
["msn"] = {"Vurës"},
["mso"] = {"Mombum"},
["msp"] = {"Maritsauá"},
["msq"] = {"Caac"},
["msr"] = {"Mongolian Sign Language"},
["mss"] = {"West Masela"},
["msu"] = {"Musom"},
["msv"] = {"Maslam"},
["msw"] = {"Mansoanka"},
["msx"] = {"Moresada"},
["msy"] = {"Aruamu"},
["msz"] = {"Momare"},
["mta"] = {"Cotabato Manobo"},
["mtb"] = {"Anyin Morofo"},
["mtc"] = {"Munit"},
["mtd"] = {"Mualang"},
["mte"] = {"Mono (Solomon Islands)"},
["mtf"] = {"Murik (Papua New Guinea)"},
["mtg"] = {"Una"},
["mth"] = {"Munggui"},
["mti"] = {"Maiwa (Papua New Guinea)"},
["mtj"] = {"Moskona"},
["mtk"] = {"Mbe'"},
["mtl"] = {"Montol"},
["mtm"] = {"Mator"},
["mtn"] = {"Matagalpa"},
["mto"] = {"Totontepec Mixe"},
["mtp"] = {"Wichí Lhamtés Nocten"},
["mtq"] = {"Muong"},
["mtr"] = {"Mewari"},
["mts"] = {"Yora"},
["mtt"] = {"Mota"},
["mtu"] = {"Tututepec Mixtec"},
["mtv"] = {"Asaro'o"},
["mtw"] = {"Southern Binukidnon"},
["mtx"] = {"Tidaá Mixtec"},
["mty"] = {"Nabi"},
["mua"] = {"Mundang"},
["mub"] = {"Mubi"},
["muc"] = {"Ajumbu"},
["mud"] = {"Mednyj Aleut"},
["mue"] = {"Media Lengua"},
["mug"] = {"Musgu"},
["muh"] = {"Mündü"},
["mui"] = {"Musi"},
["muj"] = {"Mabire"},
["muk"] = {"Mugom"},
["mul"] = {"Multiple languages"},
["mum"] = {"Maiwala"},
["mun"] = {"Munda languages"},
["muo"] = {"Nyong"},
["mup"] = {"Malvi"},
["muq"] = {"Eastern Xiangxi Miao"},
["mur"] = {"Murle"},
["mus"] = {"Creek"},
["mut"] = {"Western Muria"},
["muu"] = {"Yaaku"},
["muv"] = {"Muthuvan"},
["mux"] = {"Bo-Ung"},
["muy"] = {"Muyang"},
["muz"] = {"Mursi"},
["mva"] = {"Manam"},
["mvb"] = {"Mattole"},
["mvd"] = {"Mamboru"},
["mve"] = {"Marwari (Pakistan)"},
["mvf"] = {"Peripheral Mongolian"},
["mvg"] = {"Yucuañe Mixtec"},
["mvh"] = {"Mulgi"},
["mvi"] = {"Miyako"},
["mvk"] = {"Mekmek"},
["mvl"] = {"Mbara (Australia)"},
["mvn"] = {"Minaveha"},
["mvo"] = {"Marovo"},
["mvp"] = {"Duri"},
["mvq"] = {"Moere"},
["mvr"] = {"Marau"},
["mvs"] = {"Massep"},
["mvt"] = {"Mpotovoro"},
["mvu"] = {"Marfa"},
["mvv"] = {"Tagal Murut"},
["mvw"] = {"Machinga"},
["mvx"] = {"Meoswar"},
["mvy"] = {"Indus Kohistani"},
["mvz"] = {"Mesqan"},
["mwa"] = {"Mwatebu"},
["mwb"] = {"Juwal"},
["mwc"] = {"Are"},
["mwe"] = {"Mwera (Chimwera)"},
["mwf"] = {"Murrinh-Patha"},
["mwg"] = {"Aiklep"},
["mwh"] = {"Mouk-Aria"},
["mwi"] = {"Labo", "Ninde"},
["mwk"] = {"Kita Maninkakan"},
["mwl"] = {"Mirandese"},
["mwm"] = {"Sar"},
["mwn"] = {"Nyamwanga"},
["mwo"] = {"Central Maewo"},
["mwp"] = {"Kala Lagaw Ya"},
["mwq"] = {"Mün Chin"},
["mwr"] = {"Marwari"},
["mws"] = {"Mwimbi-Muthambi"},
["mwt"] = {"Moken"},
["mwu"] = {"Mittu"},
["mwv"] = {"Mentawai"},
["mww"] = {"Hmong Daw"},
["mwz"] = {"Moingi"},
["mxa"] = {"Northwest Oaxaca Mixtec"},
["mxb"] = {"Tezoatlán Mixtec"},
["mxc"] = {"Manyika"},
["mxd"] = {"Modang"},
["mxe"] = {"Mele-Fila"},
["mxf"] = {"Malgbe"},
["mxg"] = {"Mbangala"},
["mxh"] = {"Mvuba"},
["mxi"] = {"Mozarabic"},
["mxj"] = {"Miju-Mishmi", "Geman Deng"},
["mxk"] = {"Monumbo"},
["mxl"] = {"Maxi Gbe"},
["mxm"] = {"Meramera"},
["mxn"] = {"Moi (Indonesia)"},
["mxo"] = {"Mbowe"},
["mxp"] = {"Tlahuitoltepec Mixe"},
["mxq"] = {"Juquila Mixe"},
["mxr"] = {"Murik (Malaysia)"},
["mxs"] = {"Huitepec Mixtec"},
["mxt"] = {"Jamiltepec Mixtec"},
["mxu"] = {"Mada (Cameroon)"},
["mxv"] = {"Metlatónoc Mixtec"},
["mxw"] = {"Namo"},
["mxx"] = {"Mahou", "Mawukakan"},
["mxy"] = {"Southeastern Nochixtlán Mixtec"},
["mxz"] = {"Central Masela"},
["myb"] = {"Mbay"},
["myc"] = {"Mayeka"},
["mye"] = {"Myene"},
["myf"] = {"Bambassi"},
["myg"] = {"Manta"},
["myh"] = {"Makah"},
["myj"] = {"Mangayat"},
["myk"] = {"Mamara Senoufo"},
["myl"] = {"Moma"},
["mym"] = {"Me'en"},
["myn"] = {"Mayan languages"},
["myo"] = {"Anfillo"},
["myp"] = {"Pirahã"},
["myr"] = {"Muniche"},
["mys"] = {"Mesmes"},
["myu"] = {"Mundurukú"},
["myv"] = {"Erzya"},
["myw"] = {"Muyuw"},
["myx"] = {"Masaaba"},
["myy"] = {"Macuna"},
["myz"] = {"Classical Mandaic"},
["mza"] = {"Santa María Zacatepec Mixtec"},
["mzb"] = {"Tumzabt"},
["mzc"] = {"Madagascar Sign Language"},
["mzd"] = {"Malimba"},
["mze"] = {"Morawa"},
["mzg"] = {"Monastic Sign Language"},
["mzh"] = {"Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay"},
["mzi"] = {"Ixcatlán Mazatec"},
["mzj"] = {"Manya"},
["mzk"] = {"Nigeria Mambila"},
["mzl"] = {"Mazatlán Mixe"},
["mzm"] = {"Mumuye"},
["mzn"] = {"Mazanderani"},
["mzo"] = {"Matipuhy"},
["mzp"] = {"Movima"},
["mzq"] = {"Mori Atas"},
["mzr"] = {"Marúbo"},
["mzs"] = {"Macanese"},
["mzt"] = {"Mintil"},
["mzu"] = {"Inapang"},
["mzv"] = {"Manza"},
["mzw"] = {"Deg"},
["mzx"] = {"Mawayana"},
["mzy"] = {"Mozambican Sign Language"},
["mzz"] = {"Maiadomu"},
["naa"] = {"Namla"},
["nab"] = {"Southern Nambikuára"},
["nac"] = {"Narak"},
["nae"] = {"Naka'ela"},
["naf"] = {"Nabak"},
["nag"] = {"Naga Pidgin"},
["nah"] = {"Nahuatl languages"},
["nai"] = {"North American Indian languages"},
["naj"] = {"Nalu"},
["nak"] = {"Nakanai"},
["nal"] = {"Nalik"},
["nam"] = {"Ngan'gityemerri"},
["nan"] = {"Min Nan Chinese"},
["nao"] = {"Naaba"},
["nap"] = {"Neapolitan"},
["naq"] = {"Khoekhoe", "Nama (Namibia)"},
["nar"] = {"Iguta"},
["nas"] = {"Naasioi"},
["nat"] = {"Ca̱hungwa̱rya̱", "Hungworo"},
["naw"] = {"Nawuri"},
["nax"] = {"Nakwi"},
["nay"] = {"Ngarrindjeri"},
["naz"] = {"Coatepec Nahuatl"},
["nba"] = {"Nyemba"},
["nbb"] = {"Ndoe"},
["nbc"] = {"Chang Naga"},
["nbd"] = {"Ngbinda"},
["nbe"] = {"Konyak Naga"},
["nbg"] = {"Nagarchal"},
["nbh"] = {"Ngamo"},
["nbi"] = {"Mao Naga"},
["nbj"] = {"Ngarinyman"},
["nbk"] = {"Nake"},
["nbm"] = {"Ngbaka Ma'bo"},
["nbn"] = {"Kuri"},
["nbo"] = {"Nkukoli"},
["nbp"] = {"Nnam"},
["nbq"] = {"Nggem"},
["nbr"] = {"Numana"},
["nbs"] = {"Namibian Sign Language"},
["nbt"] = {"Na"},
["nbu"] = {"Rongmei Naga"},
["nbv"] = {"Ngamambo"},
["nbw"] = {"Southern Ngbandi"},
["nby"] = {"Ningera"},
["nca"] = {"Iyo"},
["ncb"] = {"Central Nicobarese"},
["ncc"] = {"Ponam"},
["ncd"] = {"Nachering"},
["nce"] = {"Yale"},
["ncf"] = {"Notsi"},
["ncg"] = {"Nisga'a"},
["nch"] = {"Central Huasteca Nahuatl"},
["nci"] = {"Classical Nahuatl"},
["ncj"] = {"Northern Puebla Nahuatl"},
["nck"] = {"Na-kara"},
["ncl"] = {"Michoacán Nahuatl"},
["ncm"] = {"Nambo"},
["ncn"] = {"Nauna"},
["nco"] = {"Sibe"},
["ncq"] = {"Northern Katang"},
["ncr"] = {"Ncane"},
["ncs"] = {"Nicaraguan Sign Language"},
["nct"] = {"Chothe Naga"},
["ncu"] = {"Chumburung"},
["ncx"] = {"Central Puebla Nahuatl"},
["ncz"] = {"Natchez"},
["nda"] = {"Ndasa"},
["ndb"] = {"Kenswei Nsei"},
["ndc"] = {"Ndau"},
["ndd"] = {"Nde-Nsele-Nta"},
["ndf"] = {"Nadruvian"},
["ndg"] = {"Ndengereko"},
["ndh"] = {"Ndali"},
["ndi"] = {"Samba Leko"},
["ndj"] = {"Ndamba"},
["ndk"] = {"Ndaka"},
["ndl"] = {"Ndolo"},
["ndm"] = {"Ndam"},
["ndn"] = {"Ngundi"},
["ndp"] = {"Ndo"},
["ndq"] = {"Ndombe"},
["ndr"] = {"Ndoola"},
["nds"] = {"Low German", "Low Saxon"},
["ndt"] = {"Ndunga"},
["ndu"] = {"Dugun"},
["ndv"] = {"Ndut"},
["ndw"] = {"Ndobo"},
["ndx"] = {"Nduga"},
["ndy"] = {"Lutos"},
["ndz"] = {"Ndogo"},
["nea"] = {"Eastern Ngad'a"},
["neb"] = {"Toura (Côte d'Ivoire)"},
["nec"] = {"Nedebang"},
["ned"] = {"Nde-Gbite"},
["nee"] = {"Nêlêmwa-Nixumwak"},
["nef"] = {"Nefamese"},
["neg"] = {"Negidal"},
["neh"] = {"Nyenkha"},
["nei"] = {"Neo-Hittite"},
["nej"] = {"Neko"},
["nek"] = {"Neku"},
["nem"] = {"Nemi"},
["nen"] = {"Nengone"},
["neo"] = {"Ná-Meo"},
["neq"] = {"North Central Mixe"},
["ner"] = {"Yahadian"},
["nes"] = {"Bhoti Kinnauri"},
["net"] = {"Nete"},
["neu"] = {"Neo"},
["nev"] = {"Nyaheun"},
["new"] = {"Nepal Bhasa", "Newar", "Newari"},
["nex"] = {"Neme"},
["ney"] = {"Neyo"},
["nez"] = {"Nez Perce"},
["nfa"] = {"Dhao"},
["nfd"] = {"Ahwai"},
["nfl"] = {"Ayiwo", "Äiwoo"},
["nfr"] = {"Nafaanra"},
["nfu"] = {"Mfumte"},
["nga"] = {"Ngbaka"},
["ngb"] = {"Northern Ngbandi"},
["ngc"] = {"Ngombe (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["ngd"] = {"Ngando (Central African Republic)"},
["nge"] = {"Ngemba"},
["ngf"] = {"Trans-New Guinea languages"},
["ngg"] = {"Ngbaka Manza"},
["ngh"] = {"Nǁng"},
["ngi"] = {"Ngizim"},
["ngj"] = {"Ngie"},
["ngk"] = {"Dalabon"},
["ngl"] = {"Lomwe"},
["ngm"] = {"Ngatik Men's Creole"},
["ngn"] = {"Ngwo"},
["ngp"] = {"Ngulu"},
["ngq"] = {"Ngurimi", "Ngoreme"},
["ngr"] = {"Engdewu"},
["ngs"] = {"Gvoko"},
["ngt"] = {"Kriang", "Ngeq"},
["ngu"] = {"Guerrero Nahuatl"},
["ngv"] = {"Nagumi"},
["ngw"] = {"Ngwaba"},
["ngx"] = {"Nggwahyi"},
["ngy"] = {"Tibea"},
["ngz"] = {"Ngungwel"},
["nha"] = {"Nhanda"},
["nhb"] = {"Beng"},
["nhc"] = {"Tabasco Nahuatl"},
["nhd"] = {"Chiripá", "Ava Guaraní"},
["nhe"] = {"Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl"},
["nhf"] = {"Nhuwala"},
["nhg"] = {"Tetelcingo Nahuatl"},
["nhh"] = {"Nahari"},
["nhi"] = {"Zacatlán-Ahuacatlán-Tepetzintla Nahuatl"},
["nhk"] = {"Isthmus-Cosoleacaque Nahuatl"},
["nhm"] = {"Morelos Nahuatl"},
["nhn"] = {"Central Nahuatl"},
["nho"] = {"Takuu"},
["nhp"] = {"Isthmus-Pajapan Nahuatl"},
["nhq"] = {"Huaxcaleca Nahuatl"},
["nhr"] = {"Naro"},
["nht"] = {"Ometepec Nahuatl"},
["nhu"] = {"Noone"},
["nhv"] = {"Temascaltepec Nahuatl"},
["nhw"] = {"Western Huasteca Nahuatl"},
["nhx"] = {"Isthmus-Mecayapan Nahuatl"},
["nhy"] = {"Northern Oaxaca Nahuatl"},
["nhz"] = {"Santa María La Alta Nahuatl"},
["nia"] = {"Nias"},
["nib"] = {"Nakame"},
["nic"] = {"Niger-Kordofanian languages"},
["nid"] = {"Ngandi"},
["nie"] = {"Niellim"},
["nif"] = {"Nek"},
["nig"] = {"Ngalakgan"},
["nih"] = {"Nyiha (Tanzania)"},
["nii"] = {"Nii"},
["nij"] = {"Ngaju"},
["nik"] = {"Southern Nicobarese"},
["nil"] = {"Nila"},
["nim"] = {"Nilamba"},
["nin"] = {"Ninzo"},
["nio"] = {"Nganasan"},
["niq"] = {"Nandi"},
["nir"] = {"Nimboran"},
["nis"] = {"Nimi"},
["nit"] = {"Southeastern Kolami"},
["niu"] = {"Niuean"},
["niv"] = {"Gilyak"},
["niw"] = {"Nimo"},
["nix"] = {"Hema"},
["niy"] = {"Ngiti"},
["niz"] = {"Ningil"},
["nja"] = {"Nzanyi"},
["njb"] = {"Nocte Naga"},
["njd"] = {"Ndonde Hamba"},
["njh"] = {"Lotha Naga"},
["nji"] = {"Gudanji"},
["njj"] = {"Njen"},
["njl"] = {"Njalgulgule"},
["njm"] = {"Angami Naga"},
["njn"] = {"Liangmai Naga"},
["njo"] = {"Ao Naga"},
["njr"] = {"Njerep"},
["njs"] = {"Nisa"},
["njt"] = {"Ndyuka-Trio Pidgin"},
["nju"] = {"Ngadjunmaya"},
["njx"] = {"Kunyi"},
["njy"] = {"Njyem"},
["njz"] = {"Nyishi"},
["nka"] = {"Nkoya"},
["nkb"] = {"Khoibu Naga"},
["nkc"] = {"Nkongho"},
["nkd"] = {"Koireng"},
["nke"] = {"Duke"},
["nkf"] = {"Inpui Naga"},
["nkg"] = {"Nekgini"},
["nkh"] = {"Khezha Naga"},
["nki"] = {"Thangal Naga"},
["nkj"] = {"Nakai"},
["nkk"] = {"Nokuku"},
["nkm"] = {"Namat"},
["nkn"] = {"Nkangala"},
["nko"] = {"Nkonya"},
["nkp"] = {"Niuatoputapu"},
["nkq"] = {"Nkami"},
["nkr"] = {"Nukuoro"},
["nks"] = {"North Asmat"},
["nkt"] = {"Nyika (Tanzania)"},
["nku"] = {"Bouna Kulango"},
["nkv"] = {"Nyika (Malawi and Zambia)"},
["nkw"] = {"Nkutu"},
["nkx"] = {"Nkoroo"},
["nkz"] = {"Nkari"},
["nla"] = {"Ngombale"},
["nlc"] = {"Nalca"},
["nle"] = {"East Nyala"},
["nlg"] = {"Gela"},
["nli"] = {"Grangali"},
["nlj"] = {"Nyali"},
["nlk"] = {"Ninia Yali"},
["nll"] = {"Nihali"},
["nlm"] = {"Mankiyali"},
["nlo"] = {"Ngul"},
["nlq"] = {"Lao Naga"},
["nlu"] = {"Nchumbulu"},
["nlv"] = {"Orizaba Nahuatl"},
["nlw"] = {"Walangama"},
["nlx"] = {"Nahali"},
["nly"] = {"Nyamal"},
["nlz"] = {"Nalögo"},
["nma"] = {"Maram Naga"},
["nmb"] = {"Big Nambas", "V'ënen Taut"},
["nmc"] = {"Ngam"},
["nmd"] = {"Ndumu"},
["nme"] = {"Mzieme Naga"},
["nmf"] = {"Tangkhul Naga (India)"},
["nmg"] = {"Kwasio"},
["nmh"] = {"Monsang Naga"},
["nmi"] = {"Nyam"},
["nmj"] = {"Ngombe (Central African Republic)"},
["nmk"] = {"Namakura"},
["nml"] = {"Ndemli"},
["nmm"] = {"Manangba"},
["nmn"] = {"ǃXóõ"},
["nmo"] = {"Moyon Naga"},
["nmp"] = {"Nimanbur"},
["nmq"] = {"Nambya"},
["nmr"] = {"Nimbari"},
["nms"] = {"Letemboi"},
["nmt"] = {"Namonuito"},
["nmu"] = {"Northeast Maidu"},
["nmv"] = {"Ngamini"},
["nmw"] = {"Nimoa", "Rifao"},
["nmx"] = {"Nama (Papua New Guinea)"},
["nmy"] = {"Namuyi"},
["nmz"] = {"Nawdm"},
["nna"] = {"Nyangumarta"},
["nnb"] = {"Nande"},
["nnc"] = {"Nancere"},
["nnd"] = {"West Ambae"},
["nne"] = {"Ngandyera"},
["nnf"] = {"Ngaing"},
["nng"] = {"Maring Naga"},
["nnh"] = {"Ngiemboon"},
["nni"] = {"North Nuaulu"},
["nnj"] = {"Nyangatom"},
["nnk"] = {"Nankina"},
["nnl"] = {"Northern Rengma Naga"},
["nnm"] = {"Namia"},
["nnn"] = {"Ngete"},
["nnp"] = {"Wancho Naga"},
["nnq"] = {"Ngindo"},
["nnr"] = {"Narungga"},
["nnt"] = {"Nanticoke"},
["nnu"] = {"Dwang"},
["nnv"] = {"Nugunu (Australia)"},
["nnw"] = {"Southern Nuni"},
["nny"] = {"Nyangga"},
["nnz"] = {"Nda'nda'"},
["noa"] = {"Woun Meu"},
["noc"] = {"Nuk"},
["nod"] = {"Northern Thai"},
["noe"] = {"Nimadi"},
["nof"] = {"Nomane"},
["nog"] = {"Nogai"},
["noh"] = {"Nomu"},
["noi"] = {"Noiri"},
["noj"] = {"Nonuya"},
["nok"] = {"Nooksack", "Lhéchelesem"},
["nol"] = {"Nomlaki"},
["non"] = {"Old Norse"},
["nop"] = {"Numanggang"},
["noq"] = {"Ngongo"},
["nos"] = {"Eastern Nisu"},
["not"] = {"Nomatsiguenga"},
["nou"] = {"Ewage-Notu"},
["nov"] = {"Novial"},
["now"] = {"Nyambo"},
["noy"] = {"Noy"},
["noz"] = {"Nayi"},
["npa"] = {"Nar Phu"},
["npb"] = {"Nupbikha"},
["npg"] = {"Ponyo-Gongwang Naga"},
["nph"] = {"Phom Naga"},
["npi"] = {"Nepali (individual language)"},
["npl"] = {"Southeastern Puebla Nahuatl"},
["npn"] = {"Mondropolon"},
["npo"] = {"Pochuri Naga"},
["nps"] = {"Nipsan"},
["npu"] = {"Puimei Naga"},
["npx"] = {"Noipx"},
["npy"] = {"Napu"},
["nqg"] = {"Southern Nago"},
["nqk"] = {"Kura Ede Nago"},
["nql"] = {"Ngendelengo"},
["nqm"] = {"Ndom"},
["nqn"] = {"Nen"},
["nqo"] = {"N'Ko", "N’Ko"},
["nqq"] = {"Kyan-Karyaw Naga"},
["nqt"] = {"Nteng"},
["nqy"] = {"Akyaung Ari Naga"},
["nra"] = {"Ngom"},
["nrb"] = {"Nara"},
["nrc"] = {"Noric"},
["nre"] = {"Southern Rengma Naga"},
["nrf"] = {"Jèrriais", "Guernésiais", "Sercquiais"},
["nrg"] = {"Narango"},
["nri"] = {"Chokri Naga"},
["nrk"] = {"Ngarla"},
["nrl"] = {"Ngarluma"},
["nrm"] = {"Narom"},
["nrn"] = {"Norn"},
["nrp"] = {"North Picene"},
["nrr"] = {"Norra", "Nora"},
["nrt"] = {"Northern Kalapuya"},
["nru"] = {"Narua"},
["nrx"] = {"Ngurmbur"},
["nrz"] = {"Lala"},
["nsa"] = {"Sangtam Naga"},
["nsb"] = {"Lower Nossob"},
["nsc"] = {"Nshi"},
["nsd"] = {"Southern Nisu"},
["nse"] = {"Nsenga"},
["nsf"] = {"Northwestern Nisu"},
["nsg"] = {"Ngasa"},
["nsh"] = {"Ngoshie"},
["nsi"] = {"Nigerian Sign Language"},
["nsk"] = {"Naskapi"},
["nsl"] = {"Norwegian Sign Language"},
["nsm"] = {"Sumi Naga"},
["nsn"] = {"Nehan"},
["nso"] = {"Pedi", "Northern Sotho", "Sepedi"},
["nsp"] = {"Nepalese Sign Language"},
["nsq"] = {"Northern Sierra Miwok"},
["nsr"] = {"Maritime Sign Language"},
["nss"] = {"Nali"},
["nst"] = {"Tase Naga"},
["nsu"] = {"Sierra Negra Nahuatl"},
["nsv"] = {"Southwestern Nisu"},
["nsw"] = {"Navut"},
["nsx"] = {"Nsongo"},
["nsy"] = {"Nasal"},
["nsz"] = {"Nisenan"},
["ntd"] = {"Northern Tidung"},
["ntg"] = {"Ngantangarra"},
["nti"] = {"Natioro"},
["ntj"] = {"Ngaanyatjarra"},
["ntk"] = {"Ikoma-Nata-Isenye"},
["ntm"] = {"Nateni"},
["nto"] = {"Ntomba"},
["ntp"] = {"Northern Tepehuan"},
["ntr"] = {"Delo"},
["ntu"] = {"Natügu"},
["ntw"] = {"Nottoway"},
["ntx"] = {"Tangkhul Naga (Myanmar)"},
["nty"] = {"Mantsi"},
["ntz"] = {"Natanzi"},
["nua"] = {"Yuanga"},
["nub"] = {"Nubian languages"},
["nuc"] = {"Nukuini"},
["nud"] = {"Ngala"},
["nue"] = {"Ngundu"},
["nuf"] = {"Nusu"},
["nug"] = {"Nungali"},
["nuh"] = {"Ndunda"},
["nui"] = {"Ngumbi"},
["nuj"] = {"Nyole"},
["nuk"] = {"Nuu-chah-nulth", "Nuuchahnulth"},
["nul"] = {"Nusa Laut"},
["num"] = {"Niuafo'ou"},
["nun"] = {"Anong"},
["nuo"] = {"Nguôn"},
["nup"] = {"Nupe-Nupe-Tako"},
["nuq"] = {"Nukumanu"},
["nur"] = {"Nukuria"},
["nus"] = {"Nuer"},
["nut"] = {"Nung (Viet Nam)"},
["nuu"] = {"Ngbundu"},
["nuv"] = {"Northern Nuni"},
["nuw"] = {"Nguluwan"},
["nux"] = {"Mehek"},
["nuy"] = {"Nunggubuyu"},
["nuz"] = {"Tlamacazapa Nahuatl"},
["nvh"] = {"Nasarian"},
["nvm"] = {"Namiae"},
["nvo"] = {"Nyokon"},
["nwa"] = {"Nawathinehena"},
["nwb"] = {"Nyabwa"},
["nwc"] = {"Classical Newari", "Classical Nepal Bhasa", "Old Newari"},
["nwe"] = {"Ngwe"},
["nwg"] = {"Ngayawung"},
["nwi"] = {"Southwest Tanna"},
["nwm"] = {"Nyamusa-Molo"},
["nwo"] = {"Nauo"},
["nwr"] = {"Nawaru"},
["nww"] = {"Ndwewe"},
["nwx"] = {"Middle Newar"},
["nwy"] = {"Nottoway-Meherrin"},
["nxa"] = {"Nauete"},
["nxd"] = {"Ngando (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["nxe"] = {"Nage"},
["nxg"] = {"Ngad'a"},
["nxi"] = {"Nindi"},
["nxk"] = {"Koki Naga"},
["nxl"] = {"South Nuaulu"},
["nxm"] = {"Numidian"},
["nxn"] = {"Ngawun"},
["nxo"] = {"Ndambomo"},
["nxq"] = {"Naxi"},
["nxr"] = {"Ninggerum"},
["nxx"] = {"Nafri"},
["nyb"] = {"Nyangbo"},
["nyc"] = {"Nyanga-li"},
["nyd"] = {"Nyore", "Olunyole"},
["nye"] = {"Nyengo"},
["nyf"] = {"Giryama", "Kigiryama"},
["nyg"] = {"Nyindu"},
["nyh"] = {"Nyikina"},
["nyi"] = {"Ama (Sudan)"},
["nyj"] = {"Nyanga"},
["nyk"] = {"Nyaneka"},
["nyl"] = {"Nyeu"},
["nym"] = {"Nyamwezi"},
["nyn"] = {"Nyankole"},
["nyo"] = {"Nyoro"},
["nyp"] = {"Nyang'i"},
["nyq"] = {"Nayini"},
["nyr"] = {"Nyiha (Malawi)"},
["nys"] = {"Nyungar"},
["nyt"] = {"Nyawaygi"},
["nyu"] = {"Nyungwe"},
["nyv"] = {"Nyulnyul"},
["nyw"] = {"Nyaw"},
["nyx"] = {"Nganyaywana"},
["nyy"] = {"Nyakyusa-Ngonde"},
["nza"] = {"Tigon Mbembe"},
["nzb"] = {"Njebi"},
["nzd"] = {"Nzadi"},
["nzi"] = {"Nzima"},
["nzk"] = {"Nzakara"},
["nzm"] = {"Zeme Naga"},
["nzr"] = {"Dir-Nyamzak-Mbarimi"},
["nzs"] = {"New Zealand Sign Language"},
["nzu"] = {"Teke-Nzikou"},
["nzy"] = {"Nzakambay"},
["nzz"] = {"Nanga Dama Dogon"},
["oaa"] = {"Orok"},
["oac"] = {"Oroch"},
["oak"] = {"Noakhali", "Noakhailla"},
["oar"] = {"Old Aramaic (up to 700 BCE)", "Ancient Aramaic (up to 700 BCE)"},
["oav"] = {"Old Avar"},
["obi"] = {"Obispeño"},
["obk"] = {"Southern Bontok"},
["obl"] = {"Oblo"},
["obm"] = {"Moabite"},
["obo"] = {"Obo Manobo"},
["obr"] = {"Old Burmese"},
["obt"] = {"Old Breton"},
["obu"] = {"Obulom"},
["oca"] = {"Ocaina"},
["och"] = {"Old Chinese"},
["ocm"] = {"Old Cham"},
["oco"] = {"Old Cornish"},
["ocu"] = {"Atzingo Matlatzinca"},
["oda"] = {"Odut"},
["odk"] = {"Od"},
["odt"] = {"Old Dutch"},
["odu"] = {"Odual"},
["ofo"] = {"Ofo"},
["ofs"] = {"Old Frisian"},
["ofu"] = {"Efutop"},
["ogb"] = {"Ogbia"},
["ogc"] = {"Ogbah"},
["oge"] = {"Old Georgian"},
["ogg"] = {"Ogbogolo"},
["ogo"] = {"Khana"},
["ogu"] = {"Ogbronuagum"},
["oht"] = {"Old Hittite"},
["ohu"] = {"Old Hungarian"},
["oia"] = {"Oirata"},
["oie"] = {"Okolie"},
["oin"] = {"Inebu One"},
["ojb"] = {"Northwestern Ojibwa"},
["ojc"] = {"Central Ojibwa"},
["ojg"] = {"Eastern Ojibwa"},
["ojp"] = {"Old Japanese"},
["ojs"] = {"Severn Ojibwa"},
["ojv"] = {"Ontong Java"},
["ojw"] = {"Western Ojibwa"},
["oka"] = {"Okanagan"},
["okb"] = {"Okobo"},
["okc"] = {"Kobo"},
["okd"] = {"Okodia"},
["oke"] = {"Okpe (Southwestern Edo)"},
["okg"] = {"Koko Babangk"},
["okh"] = {"Koresh-e Rostam"},
["oki"] = {"Okiek"},
["okj"] = {"Oko-Juwoi"},
["okk"] = {"Kwamtim One"},
["okl"] = {"Old Kentish Sign Language"},
["okm"] = {"Middle Korean (10th-16th cent.)"},
["okn"] = {"Oki-No-Erabu"},
["oko"] = {"Old Korean (3rd-9th cent.)"},
["okr"] = {"Kirike"},
["oks"] = {"Oko-Eni-Osayen"},
["oku"] = {"Oku"},
["okv"] = {"Orokaiva"},
["okx"] = {"Okpe (Northwestern Edo)"},
["okz"] = {"Old Khmer"},
["ola"] = {"Walungge"},
["olb"] = {"Oli-Bodiman"},
["old"] = {"Mochi"},
["ole"] = {"Olekha"},
["olk"] = {"Olkol"},
["olm"] = {"Oloma"},
["olo"] = {"Livvi"},
["olr"] = {"Olrat"},
["olt"] = {"Old Lithuanian"},
["olu"] = {"Kuvale"},
["oma"] = {"Omaha-Ponca"},
["omb"] = {"East Ambae"},
["omc"] = {"Mochica"},
["omg"] = {"Omagua"},
["omi"] = {"Omi"},
["omk"] = {"Omok"},
["oml"] = {"Ombo"},
["omn"] = {"Minoan"},
["omo"] = {"Utarmbung"},
["omp"] = {"Old Manipuri"},
["omq"] = {"Oto-Manguean languages"},
["omr"] = {"Old Marathi"},
["omt"] = {"Omotik"},
["omu"] = {"Omurano"},
["omv"] = {"Omotic languages"},
["omw"] = {"South Tairora"},
["omx"] = {"Old Mon"},
["omy"] = {"Old Malay"},
["ona"] = {"Ona"},
["onb"] = {"Lingao"},
["one"] = {"Oneida"},
["ong"] = {"Olo"},
["oni"] = {"Onin"},
["onj"] = {"Onjob"},
["onk"] = {"Kabore One"},
["onn"] = {"Onobasulu"},
["ono"] = {"Onondaga"},
["onp"] = {"Sartang"},
["onr"] = {"Northern One"},
["ons"] = {"Ono"},
["ont"] = {"Ontenu"},
["onu"] = {"Unua"},
["onw"] = {"Old Nubian"},
["onx"] = {"Onin Based Pidgin"},
["ood"] = {"Tohono O'odham"},
["oog"] = {"Ong"},
["oon"] = {"Önge"},
["oor"] = {"Oorlams"},
["oos"] = {"Old Ossetic"},
["opa"] = {"Okpamheri"},
["opk"] = {"Kopkaka"},
["opm"] = {"Oksapmin"},
["opo"] = {"Opao"},
["opt"] = {"Opata"},
["opy"] = {"Ofayé"},
["ora"] = {"Oroha"},
["orc"] = {"Orma"},
["ore"] = {"Orejón"},
["org"] = {"Oring"},
["orh"] = {"Oroqen"},
["orn"] = {"Orang Kanaq"},
["oro"] = {"Orokolo"},
["orr"] = {"Oruma"},
["ors"] = {"Orang Seletar"},
["ort"] = {"Adivasi Oriya"},
["oru"] = {"Ormuri"},
["orv"] = {"Old Russian"},
["orw"] = {"Oro Win"},
["orx"] = {"Oro"},
["ory"] = {"Odia (individual language)", "Oriya (individual language)"},
["orz"] = {"Ormu"},
["osa"] = {"Osage"},
["osc"] = {"Oscan"},
["osd"] = {"Digor Ossetic", "Digor", "Digor Ossetian"},
["osi"] = {"Osing"},
["osn"] = {"Old Sundanese"},
["oso"] = {"Ososo"},
["osp"] = {"Old Spanish"},
["ost"] = {"Osatu"},
["osu"] = {"Southern One"},
["osx"] = {"Old Saxon"},
["ota"] = {"Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928)"},
["otb"] = {"Old Tibetan"},
["otd"] = {"Ot Danum"},
["ote"] = {"Mezquital Otomi"},
["oti"] = {"Oti"},
["otk"] = {"Old Turkish"},
["otl"] = {"Tilapa Otomi"},
["otm"] = {"Eastern Highland Otomi"},
["otn"] = {"Tenango Otomi"},
["oto"] = {"Otomian languages"},
["otq"] = {"Querétaro Otomi"},
["otr"] = {"Otoro"},
["ots"] = {"Estado de México Otomi"},
["ott"] = {"Temoaya Otomi"},
["otu"] = {"Otuke"},
["otw"] = {"Ottawa"},
["otx"] = {"Texcatepec Otomi"},
["oty"] = {"Old Tamil"},
["otz"] = {"Ixtenco Otomi"},
["oua"] = {"Tagargrent"},
["oub"] = {"Glio-Oubi"},
["oue"] = {"Oune"},
["oui"] = {"Old Uighur"},
["oum"] = {"Ouma"},
["ovd"] = {"Elfdalian", "Övdalian"},
["owi"] = {"Owiniga"},
["owl"] = {"Old Welsh"},
["oyb"] = {"Oy"},
["oyd"] = {"Oyda"},
["oym"] = {"Wayampi"},
["oyy"] = {"Oya'oya"},
["ozm"] = {"Koonzime"},
["paa"] = {"Papuan languages"},
["pab"] = {"Parecís"},
["pac"] = {"Pacoh"},
["pad"] = {"Paumarí"},
["pae"] = {"Pagibete"},
["paf"] = {"Paranawát"},
["pag"] = {"Pangasinan"},
["pah"] = {"Tenharim"},
["pai"] = {"Pe"},
["pak"] = {"Parakanã"},
["pal"] = {"Pahlavi"},
["pam"] = {"Pampanga", "Kapampangan"},
["pao"] = {"Northern Paiute"},
["pap"] = {"Papiamento"},
["paq"] = {"Parya"},
["par"] = {"Panamint", "Timbisha"},
["pas"] = {"Papasena"},
["pau"] = {"Palauan"},
["pav"] = {"Pakaásnovos"},
["paw"] = {"Pawnee"},
["pax"] = {"Pankararé"},
["pay"] = {"Pech"},
["paz"] = {"Pankararú"},
["pbb"] = {"Páez"},
["pbc"] = {"Patamona"},
["pbe"] = {"Mezontla Popoloca"},
["pbf"] = {"Coyotepec Popoloca"},
["pbg"] = {"Paraujano"},
["pbh"] = {"E'ñapa Woromaipu"},
["pbi"] = {"Parkwa"},
["pbl"] = {"Mak (Nigeria)"},
["pbm"] = {"Puebla Mazatec"},
["pbn"] = {"Kpasam"},
["pbo"] = {"Papel"},
["pbp"] = {"Badyara"},
["pbr"] = {"Pangwa"},
["pbs"] = {"Central Pame"},
["pbt"] = {"Southern Pashto"},
["pbu"] = {"Northern Pashto"},
["pbv"] = {"Pnar"},
["pby"] = {"Pyu (Papua New Guinea)"},
["pca"] = {"Santa Inés Ahuatempan Popoloca"},
["pcb"] = {"Pear"},
["pcc"] = {"Bouyei"},
["pcd"] = {"Picard"},
["pce"] = {"Ruching Palaung"},
["pcf"] = {"Paliyan"},
["pcg"] = {"Paniya"},
["pch"] = {"Pardhan"},
["pci"] = {"Duruwa"},
["pcj"] = {"Parenga"},
["pck"] = {"Paite Chin"},
["pcl"] = {"Pardhi"},
["pcm"] = {"Nigerian Pidgin"},
["pcn"] = {"Piti"},
["pcp"] = {"Pacahuara"},
["pcw"] = {"Pyapun"},
["pda"] = {"Anam"},
["pdc"] = {"Pennsylvania German"},
["pdi"] = {"Pa Di"},
["pdn"] = {"Podena", "Fedan"},
["pdo"] = {"Padoe"},
["pdt"] = {"Plautdietsch"},
["pdu"] = {"Kayan"},
["pea"] = {"Peranakan Indonesian"},
["peb"] = {"Eastern Pomo"},
["ped"] = {"Mala (Papua New Guinea)"},
["pee"] = {"Taje"},
["pef"] = {"Northeastern Pomo"},
["peg"] = {"Pengo"},
["peh"] = {"Bonan"},
["pei"] = {"Chichimeca-Jonaz"},
["pej"] = {"Northern Pomo"},
["pek"] = {"Penchal"},
["pel"] = {"Pekal"},
["pem"] = {"Phende"},
["peo"] = {"Old Persian (ca. 600-400 B.C.)"},
["pep"] = {"Kunja"},
["peq"] = {"Southern Pomo"},
["pes"] = {"Iranian Persian"},
["pev"] = {"Pémono"},
["pex"] = {"Petats"},
["pey"] = {"Petjo"},
["pez"] = {"Eastern Penan"},
["pfa"] = {"Pááfang"},
["pfe"] = {"Pere"},
["pfl"] = {"Pfaelzisch"},
["pga"] = {"Sudanese Creole Arabic"},
["pgd"] = {"Gāndhārī"},
["pgg"] = {"Pangwali"},
["pgi"] = {"Pagi"},
["pgk"] = {"Rerep"},
["pgl"] = {"Primitive Irish"},
["pgn"] = {"Paelignian"},
["pgs"] = {"Pangseng"},
["pgu"] = {"Pagu"},
["pgz"] = {"Papua New Guinean Sign Language"},
["pha"] = {"Pa-Hng"},
["phd"] = {"Phudagi"},
["phg"] = {"Phuong"},
["phh"] = {"Phukha"},
["phi"] = {"Philippine languages"},
["phj"] = {"Pahari"},
["phk"] = {"Phake"},
["phl"] = {"Phalura", "Palula"},
["phm"] = {"Phimbi"},
["phn"] = {"Phoenician"},
["pho"] = {"Phunoi"},
["phq"] = {"Phana'"},
["phr"] = {"Pahari-Potwari"},
["pht"] = {"Phu Thai"},
["phu"] = {"Phuan"},
["phv"] = {"Pahlavani"},
["phw"] = {"Phangduwali"},
["pia"] = {"Pima Bajo"},
["pib"] = {"Yine"},
["pic"] = {"Pinji"},
["pid"] = {"Piaroa"},
["pie"] = {"Piro"},
["pif"] = {"Pingelapese"},
["pig"] = {"Pisabo"},
["pih"] = {"Pitcairn-Norfolk"},
["pij"] = {"Pijao"},
["pil"] = {"Yom"},
["pim"] = {"Powhatan"},
["pin"] = {"Piame"},
["pio"] = {"Piapoco"},
["pip"] = {"Pero"},
["pir"] = {"Piratapuyo"},
["pis"] = {"Pijin"},
["pit"] = {"Pitta Pitta"},
["piu"] = {"Pintupi-Luritja"},
["piv"] = {"Pileni", "Vaeakau-Taumako"},
["piw"] = {"Pimbwe"},
["pix"] = {"Piu"},
["piy"] = {"Piya-Kwonci"},
["piz"] = {"Pije"},
["pjt"] = {"Pitjantjatjara"},
["pka"] = {"Ardhamāgadhī Prākrit"},
["pkb"] = {"Pokomo", "Kipfokomo"},
["pkc"] = {"Paekche"},
["pkg"] = {"Pak-Tong"},
["pkh"] = {"Pankhu"},
["pkn"] = {"Pakanha"},
["pko"] = {"Pökoot"},
["pkp"] = {"Pukapuka"},
["pkr"] = {"Attapady Kurumba"},
["pks"] = {"Pakistan Sign Language"},
["pkt"] = {"Maleng"},
["pku"] = {"Paku"},
["pla"] = {"Miani"},
["plb"] = {"Polonombauk"},
["plc"] = {"Central Palawano"},
["pld"] = {"Polari"},
["ple"] = {"Palu'e"},
["plf"] = {"Central Malayo-Polynesian languages"},
["plg"] = {"Pilagá"},
["plh"] = {"Paulohi"},
["plk"] = {"Kohistani Shina"},
["pll"] = {"Shwe Palaung"},
["pln"] = {"Palenquero"},
["plo"] = {"Oluta Popoluca"},
["plq"] = {"Palaic"},
["plr"] = {"Palaka Senoufo"},
["pls"] = {"San Marcos Tlacoyalco Popoloca", "San Marcos Tlalcoyalco Popoloca"},
["plt"] = {"Plateau Malagasy"},
["plu"] = {"Palikúr"},
["plv"] = {"Southwest Palawano"},
["plw"] = {"Brooke's Point Palawano"},
["ply"] = {"Bolyu"},
["plz"] = {"Paluan"},
["pma"] = {"Paama"},
["pmb"] = {"Pambia"},
["pmd"] = {"Pallanganmiddang"},
["pme"] = {"Pwaamei"},
["pmf"] = {"Pamona"},
["pmh"] = {"Māhārāṣṭri Prākrit"},
["pmi"] = {"Northern Pumi"},
["pmj"] = {"Southern Pumi"},
["pml"] = {"Lingua Franca"},
["pmm"] = {"Pomo"},
["pmn"] = {"Pam"},
["pmo"] = {"Pom"},
["pmq"] = {"Northern Pame"},
["pmr"] = {"Paynamar"},
["pms"] = {"Piemontese"},
["pmt"] = {"Tuamotuan"},
["pmw"] = {"Plains Miwok"},
["pmx"] = {"Poumei Naga"},
["pmy"] = {"Papuan Malay"},
["pmz"] = {"Southern Pame"},
["pna"] = {"Punan Bah-Biau"},
["pnb"] = {"Western Panjabi"},
["pnc"] = {"Pannei"},
["pnd"] = {"Mpinda"},
["pne"] = {"Western Penan"},
["png"] = {"Pangu", "Pongu"},
["pnh"] = {"Penrhyn"},
["pni"] = {"Aoheng"},
["pnj"] = {"Pinjarup"},
["pnk"] = {"Paunaka"},
["pnl"] = {"Paleni"},
["pnm"] = {"Punan Batu 1"},
["pnn"] = {"Pinai-Hagahai"},
["pno"] = {"Panobo"},
["pnp"] = {"Pancana"},
["pnq"] = {"Pana (Burkina Faso)"},
["pnr"] = {"Panim"},
["pns"] = {"Ponosakan"},
["pnt"] = {"Pontic"},
["pnu"] = {"Jiongnai Bunu"},
["pnv"] = {"Pinigura"},
["pnw"] = {"Banyjima", "Panytyima"},
["pnx"] = {"Phong-Kniang"},
["pny"] = {"Pinyin"},
["pnz"] = {"Pana (Central African Republic)"},
["poc"] = {"Poqomam"},
["poe"] = {"San Juan Atzingo Popoloca"},
["pof"] = {"Poke"},
["pog"] = {"Potiguára"},
["poh"] = {"Poqomchi'"},
["poi"] = {"Highland Popoluca"},
["pok"] = {"Pokangá"},
["pom"] = {"Southeastern Pomo"},
["pon"] = {"Pohnpeian"},
["poo"] = {"Central Pomo"},
["pop"] = {"Pwapwâ"},
["poq"] = {"Texistepec Popoluca"},
["pos"] = {"Sayula Popoluca"},
["pot"] = {"Potawatomi"},
["pov"] = {"Upper Guinea Crioulo"},
["pow"] = {"San Felipe Otlaltepec Popoloca"},
["pox"] = {"Polabian"},
["poy"] = {"Pogolo"},
["poz"] = {"Malayo-Polynesian languages"},
["ppe"] = {"Papi"},
["ppi"] = {"Paipai"},
["ppk"] = {"Uma"},
["ppl"] = {"Pipil", "Nicarao"},
["ppm"] = {"Papuma"},
["ppn"] = {"Papapana"},
["ppo"] = {"Folopa"},
["ppp"] = {"Pelende"},
["ppq"] = {"Pei"},
["pps"] = {"San Luís Temalacayuca Popoloca"},
["ppt"] = {"Pare"},
["ppu"] = {"Papora"},
["pqa"] = {"Pa'a"},
["pqe"] = {"Eastern Malayo-Polynesian languages"},
["pqm"] = {"Malecite-Passamaquoddy"},
["pqw"] = {"Western Malayo-Polynesian languages"},
["pra"] = {"Prakrit languages"},
["prc"] = {"Parachi"},
["prd"] = {"Parsi-Dari"},
["pre"] = {"Principense"},
["prf"] = {"Paranan"},
["prg"] = {"Prussian"},
["prh"] = {"Porohanon"},
["pri"] = {"Paicî"},
["prk"] = {"Parauk"},
["prl"] = {"Peruvian Sign Language"},
["prm"] = {"Kibiri"},
["prn"] = {"Prasuni"},
["pro"] = {"Old Provençal (to 1500)", "Old Occitan (to 1500)"},
["prq"] = {"Ashéninka Perené"},
["prr"] = {"Puri"},
["prs"] = {"Dari", "Afghan Persian"},
["prt"] = {"Phai"},
["pru"] = {"Puragi"},
["prw"] = {"Parawen"},
["prx"] = {"Purik"},
["prz"] = {"Providencia Sign Language"},
["psa"] = {"Asue Awyu"},
["psc"] = {"Iranian Sign Language", "Persian Sign Language"},
["psd"] = {"Plains Indian Sign Language"},
["pse"] = {"Central Malay"},
["psg"] = {"Penang Sign Language"},
["psh"] = {"Southwest Pashai", "Southwest Pashayi"},
["psi"] = {"Southeast Pashai", "Southeast Pashayi"},
["psl"] = {"Puerto Rican Sign Language"},
["psm"] = {"Pauserna"},
["psn"] = {"Panasuan"},
["pso"] = {"Polish Sign Language"},
["psp"] = {"Philippine Sign Language"},
["psq"] = {"Pasi"},
["psr"] = {"Portuguese Sign Language"},
["pss"] = {"Kaulong"},
["pst"] = {"Central Pashto"},
["psu"] = {"Sauraseni Prākrit"},
["psw"] = {"Port Sandwich"},
["psy"] = {"Piscataway"},
["pta"] = {"Pai Tavytera"},
["pth"] = {"Pataxó Hã-Ha-Hãe"},
["pti"] = {"Pindiini", "Wangkatha"},
["ptn"] = {"Patani"},
["pto"] = {"Zo'é"},
["ptp"] = {"Patep"},
["ptq"] = {"Pattapu"},
["ptr"] = {"Piamatsina"},
["ptt"] = {"Enrekang"},
["ptu"] = {"Bambam"},
["ptv"] = {"Port Vato"},
["ptw"] = {"Pentlatch"},
["pty"] = {"Pathiya"},
["pua"] = {"Western Highland Purepecha"},
["pub"] = {"Purum"},
["puc"] = {"Punan Merap"},
["pud"] = {"Punan Aput"},
["pue"] = {"Puelche"},
["puf"] = {"Punan Merah"},
["pug"] = {"Phuie"},
["pui"] = {"Puinave"},
["puj"] = {"Punan Tubu"},
["pum"] = {"Puma"},
["puo"] = {"Puoc"},
["pup"] = {"Pulabu"},
["puq"] = {"Puquina"},
["pur"] = {"Puruborá"},
["put"] = {"Putoh"},
["puu"] = {"Punu"},
["puw"] = {"Puluwatese"},
["pux"] = {"Puare"},
["puy"] = {"Purisimeño"},
["pwa"] = {"Pawaia"},
["pwb"] = {"Panawa"},
["pwg"] = {"Gapapaiwa"},
["pwi"] = {"Patwin"},
["pwm"] = {"Molbog"},
["pwn"] = {"Paiwan"},
["pwo"] = {"Pwo Western Karen"},
["pwr"] = {"Powari"},
["pww"] = {"Pwo Northern Karen"},
["pxm"] = {"Quetzaltepec Mixe"},
["pye"] = {"Pye Krumen"},
["pym"] = {"Fyam"},
["pyn"] = {"Poyanáwa"},
["pys"] = {"Paraguayan Sign Language", "Lengua de Señas del Paraguay"},
["pyu"] = {"Puyuma"},
["pyx"] = {"Pyu (Myanmar)"},
["pyy"] = {"Pyen"},
["pze"] = {"Pesse"},
["pzh"] = {"Pazeh"},
["pzn"] = {"Jejara Naga", "Para Naga"},
["qua"] = {"Quapaw"},
["qub"] = {"Huallaga Huánuco Quechua"},
["quc"] = {"K'iche'", "Quiché"},
["qud"] = {"Calderón Highland Quichua"},
["quf"] = {"Lambayeque Quechua"},
["qug"] = {"Chimborazo Highland Quichua"},
["quh"] = {"South Bolivian Quechua"},
["qui"] = {"Quileute"},
["quk"] = {"Chachapoyas Quechua"},
["qul"] = {"North Bolivian Quechua"},
["qum"] = {"Sipacapense"},
["qun"] = {"Quinault"},
["qup"] = {"Southern Pastaza Quechua"},
["quq"] = {"Quinqui"},
["qur"] = {"Yanahuanca Pasco Quechua"},
["qus"] = {"Santiago del Estero Quichua"},
["quv"] = {"Sacapulteco"},
["quw"] = {"Tena Lowland Quichua"},
["qux"] = {"Yauyos Quechua"},
["quy"] = {"Ayacucho Quechua"},
["quz"] = {"Cusco Quechua"},
["qva"] = {"Ambo-Pasco Quechua"},
["qvc"] = {"Cajamarca Quechua"},
["qve"] = {"Eastern Apurímac Quechua"},
["qvh"] = {"Huamalíes-Dos de Mayo Huánuco Quechua"},
["qvi"] = {"Imbabura Highland Quichua"},
["qvj"] = {"Loja Highland Quichua"},
["qvl"] = {"Cajatambo North Lima Quechua"},
["qvm"] = {"Margos-Yarowilca-Lauricocha Quechua"},
["qvn"] = {"North Junín Quechua"},
["qvo"] = {"Napo Lowland Quechua"},
["qvp"] = {"Pacaraos Quechua"},
["qvs"] = {"San Martín Quechua"},
["qvw"] = {"Huaylla Wanca Quechua"},
["qvy"] = {"Queyu"},
["qvz"] = {"Northern Pastaza Quichua"},
["qwa"] = {"Corongo Ancash Quechua"},
["qwc"] = {"Classical Quechua"},
["qwe"] = {"Quechuan (family)"},
["qwh"] = {"Huaylas Ancash Quechua"},
["qwm"] = {"Kuman (Russia)"},
["qws"] = {"Sihuas Ancash Quechua"},
["qwt"] = {"Kwalhioqua-Tlatskanai"},
["qxa"] = {"Chiquián Ancash Quechua"},
["qxc"] = {"Chincha Quechua"},
["qxh"] = {"Panao Huánuco Quechua"},
["qxl"] = {"Salasaca Highland Quichua"},
["qxn"] = {"Northern Conchucos Ancash Quechua"},
["qxo"] = {"Southern Conchucos Ancash Quechua"},
["qxp"] = {"Puno Quechua"},
["qxq"] = {"Qashqa'i"},
["qxr"] = {"Cañar Highland Quichua"},
["qxs"] = {"Southern Qiang"},
["qxt"] = {"Santa Ana de Tusi Pasco Quechua"},
["qxu"] = {"Arequipa-La Unión Quechua"},
["qxw"] = {"Jauja Wanca Quechua"},
["qya"] = {"Quenya"},
["qyp"] = {"Quiripi"},
["raa"] = {"Dungmali"},
["rab"] = {"Camling"},
["rac"] = {"Rasawa"},
["rad"] = {"Rade"},
["raf"] = {"Western Meohang"},
["rag"] = {"Logooli", "Lulogooli"},
["rah"] = {"Rabha"},
["rai"] = {"Ramoaaina"},
["raj"] = {"Rajasthani"},
["rak"] = {"Tulu-Bohuai"},
["ral"] = {"Ralte"},
["ram"] = {"Canela"},
["ran"] = {"Riantana"},
["rao"] = {"Rao"},
["rap"] = {"Rapanui"},
["raq"] = {"Saam"},
["rar"] = {"Rarotongan", "Cook Islands Maori"},
["ras"] = {"Tegali"},
["rat"] = {"Razajerdi"},
["rau"] = {"Raute"},
["rav"] = {"Sampang"},
["raw"] = {"Rawang"},
["rax"] = {"Rang"},
["ray"] = {"Rapa"},
["raz"] = {"Rahambuu"},
["rbb"] = {"Rumai Palaung"},
["rbk"] = {"Northern Bontok"},
["rbl"] = {"Miraya Bikol"},
["rbp"] = {"Barababaraba"},
["rcf"] = {"Réunion Creole French"},
["rdb"] = {"Rudbari"},
["rea"] = {"Rerau"},
["reb"] = {"Rembong"},
["ree"] = {"Rejang Kayan"},
["reg"] = {"Kara (Tanzania)"},
["rei"] = {"Reli"},
["rej"] = {"Rejang"},
["rel"] = {"Rendille"},
["rem"] = {"Remo"},
["ren"] = {"Rengao"},
["rer"] = {"Rer Bare"},
["res"] = {"Reshe"},
["ret"] = {"Retta"},
["rey"] = {"Reyesano"},
["rga"] = {"Roria"},
["rge"] = {"Romano-Greek"},
["rgk"] = {"Rangkas"},
["rgn"] = {"Romagnol"},
["rgr"] = {"Resígaro"},
["rgs"] = {"Southern Roglai"},
["rgu"] = {"Ringgou"},
["rhg"] = {"Rohingya"},
["rhp"] = {"Yahang"},
["ria"] = {"Riang (India)"},
["rib"] = {"Bribri Sign Language"},
["rif"] = {"Tarifit"},
["ril"] = {"Riang Lang", "Riang (Myanmar)"},
["rim"] = {"Nyaturu"},
["rin"] = {"Nungu"},
["rir"] = {"Ribun"},
["rit"] = {"Ritharrngu"},
["riu"] = {"Riung"},
["rjg"] = {"Rajong"},
["rji"] = {"Raji"},
["rjs"] = {"Rajbanshi"},
["rka"] = {"Kraol"},
["rkb"] = {"Rikbaktsa"},
["rkh"] = {"Rakahanga-Manihiki"},
["rki"] = {"Rakhine"},
["rkm"] = {"Marka"},
["rkt"] = {"Rangpuri", "Kamta"},
["rkw"] = {"Arakwal"},
["rma"] = {"Rama"},
["rmb"] = {"Rembarrnga"},
["rmc"] = {"Carpathian Romani"},
["rmd"] = {"Traveller Danish"},
["rme"] = {"Angloromani"},
["rmf"] = {"Kalo Finnish Romani"},
["rmg"] = {"Traveller Norwegian"},
["rmh"] = {"Murkim"},
["rmi"] = {"Lomavren"},
["rmk"] = {"Romkun"},
["rml"] = {"Baltic Romani"},
["rmm"] = {"Roma"},
["rmn"] = {"Balkan Romani"},
["rmo"] = {"Sinte Romani"},
["rmp"] = {"Rempi"},
["rmq"] = {"Caló"},
["rms"] = {"Romanian Sign Language"},
["rmt"] = {"Domari"},
["rmu"] = {"Tavringer Romani"},
["rmv"] = {"Romanova"},
["rmw"] = {"Welsh Romani"},
["rmx"] = {"Romam"},
["rmy"] = {"Vlax Romani"},
["rmz"] = {"Marma"},
["rnb"] = {"Brunca Sign Language"},
["rnd"] = {"Ruund"},
["rng"] = {"Ronga"},
["rnl"] = {"Ranglong"},
["rnn"] = {"Roon"},
["rnp"] = {"Rongpo"},
["rnr"] = {"Nari Nari"},
["rnw"] = {"Rungwa"},
["roa"] = {"Romance languages"},
["rob"] = {"Tae'"},
["roc"] = {"Cacgia Roglai"},
["rod"] = {"Rogo"},
["roe"] = {"Ronji"},
["rof"] = {"Rombo"},
["rog"] = {"Northern Roglai"},
["rol"] = {"Romblomanon"},
["rom"] = {"Romany"},
["roo"] = {"Rotokas"},
["rop"] = {"Kriol"},
["ror"] = {"Rongga"},
["rou"] = {"Runga"},
["row"] = {"Dela-Oenale"},
["rpn"] = {"Repanbitip"},
["rpt"] = {"Rapting"},
["rri"] = {"Ririo"},
["rrm"] = {"Moriori"},
["rro"] = {"Waima"},
["rrt"] = {"Arritinngithigh"},
["rsb"] = {"Romano-Serbian"},
["rsk"] = {"Ruthenian", "Rusnak"},
["rsl"] = {"Russian Sign Language"},
["rsm"] = {"Miriwoong Sign Language"},
["rsn"] = {"Rwandan Sign Language"},
["rsw"] = {"Rishiwa"},
["rtc"] = {"Rungtu Chin"},
["rth"] = {"Ratahan"},
["rtm"] = {"Rotuman"},
["rts"] = {"Yurats"},
["rtw"] = {"Rathawi"},
["rub"] = {"Gungu"},
["ruc"] = {"Ruuli"},
["rue"] = {"Rusyn"},
["ruf"] = {"Luguru"},
["rug"] = {"Roviana"},
["ruh"] = {"Ruga"},
["rui"] = {"Rufiji"},
["ruk"] = {"Che"},
["ruo"] = {"Istro Romanian"},
["rup"] = {"Macedo-Romanian", "Aromanian", "Arumanian"},
["ruq"] = {"Megleno Romanian"},
["rut"] = {"Rutul"},
["ruu"] = {"Lanas Lobu"},
["ruy"] = {"Mala (Nigeria)"},
["ruz"] = {"Ruma"},
["rwa"] = {"Rawo"},
["rwk"] = {"Rwa"},
["rwl"] = {"Ruwila"},
["rwm"] = {"Amba (Uganda)"},
["rwo"] = {"Rawa"},
["rwr"] = {"Marwari (India)"},
["rxd"] = {"Ngardi"},
["rxw"] = {"Karuwali", "Garuwali"},
["ryn"] = {"Northern Amami-Oshima"},
["rys"] = {"Yaeyama"},
["ryu"] = {"Central Okinawan"},
["rzh"] = {"Rāziḥī"},
["saa"] = {"Saba"},
["sab"] = {"Buglere"},
["sac"] = {"Meskwaki"},
["sad"] = {"Sandawe"},
["sae"] = {"Sabanê"},
["saf"] = {"Safaliba"},
["sah"] = {"Yakut"},
["sai"] = {"South American Indian languages"},
["saj"] = {"Sahu"},
["sak"] = {"Sake"},
["sal"] = {"Salishan languages"},
["sam"] = {"Samaritan Aramaic"},
["sao"] = {"Sause"},
["saq"] = {"Samburu"},
["sar"] = {"Saraveca"},
["sas"] = {"Sasak"},
["sat"] = {"Santali"},
["sau"] = {"Saleman"},
["sav"] = {"Saafi-Saafi"},
["saw"] = {"Sawi"},
["sax"] = {"Sa"},
["say"] = {"Saya"},
["saz"] = {"Saurashtra"},
["sba"] = {"Ngambay"},
["sbb"] = {"Simbo"},
["sbc"] = {"Kele (Papua New Guinea)"},
["sbd"] = {"Southern Samo"},
["sbe"] = {"Saliba"},
["sbf"] = {"Chabu", "Shabo"},
["sbg"] = {"Seget"},
["sbh"] = {"Sori-Harengan"},
["sbi"] = {"Seti"},
["sbj"] = {"Surbakhal"},
["sbk"] = {"Safwa"},
["sbl"] = {"Botolan Sambal"},
["sbm"] = {"Sagala"},
["sbn"] = {"Sindhi Bhil"},
["sbo"] = {"Sabüm"},
["sbp"] = {"Sangu (Tanzania)"},
["sbq"] = {"Sileibi"},
["sbr"] = {"Sembakung Murut"},
["sbs"] = {"Subiya"},
["sbt"] = {"Kimki"},
["sbu"] = {"Stod Bhoti"},
["sbv"] = {"Sabine"},
["sbw"] = {"Simba"},
["sbx"] = {"Seberuang"},
["sby"] = {"Soli"},
["sbz"] = {"Sara Kaba"},
["scb"] = {"Chut"},
["sce"] = {"Dongxiang"},
["scf"] = {"San Miguel Creole French"},
["scg"] = {"Sanggau"},
["sch"] = {"Sakachep"},
["sci"] = {"Sri Lankan Creole Malay"},
["sck"] = {"Sadri"},
["scl"] = {"Shina"},
["scn"] = {"Sicilian"},
["sco"] = {"Scots"},
["scp"] = {"Hyolmo", "Helambu Sherpa"},
["scq"] = {"Sa'och"},
["scs"] = {"North Slavey"},
["sct"] = {"Southern Katang"},
["scu"] = {"Shumcho"},
["scv"] = {"Sheni"},
["scw"] = {"Sha"},
["scx"] = {"Sicel"},
["scz"] = {"Shaetlan"},
["sda"] = {"Toraja-Sa'dan"},
["sdb"] = {"Shabak"},
["sdc"] = {"Sassarese Sardinian"},
["sde"] = {"Surubu"},
["sdf"] = {"Sarli"},
["sdg"] = {"Savi"},
["sdh"] = {"Southern Kurdish"},
["sdj"] = {"Suundi"},
["sdk"] = {"Sos Kundi"},
["sdl"] = {"Saudi Arabian Sign Language"},
["sdn"] = {"Gallurese Sardinian"},
["sdo"] = {"Bukar-Sadung Bidayuh"},
["sdp"] = {"Sherdukpen"},
["sdq"] = {"Semandang"},
["sdr"] = {"Oraon Sadri"},
["sds"] = {"Sened"},
["sdt"] = {"Shuadit"},
["sdu"] = {"Sarudu"},
["sdv"] = {"Eastern Sudanic languages"},
["sdx"] = {"Sibu Melanau"},
["sdz"] = {"Sallands"},
["sea"] = {"Semai"},
["seb"] = {"Shempire Senoufo"},
["sec"] = {"Sechelt", "She shashishalhem"},
["sed"] = {"Sedang"},
["see"] = {"Seneca"},
["sef"] = {"Cebaara Senoufo"},
["seg"] = {"Segeju"},
["seh"] = {"Sena"},
["sei"] = {"Seri"},
["sej"] = {"Sene"},
["sek"] = {"Sekani"},
["sel"] = {"Selkup"},
["sem"] = {"Semitic languages"},
["sen"] = {"Nanerigé Sénoufo"},
["seo"] = {"Suarmin"},
["sep"] = {"Sìcìté Sénoufo"},
["seq"] = {"Senara Sénoufo"},
["ser"] = {"Serrano"},
["ses"] = {"Koyraboro Senni Songhai"},
["set"] = {"Sentani"},
["seu"] = {"Serui-Laut"},
["sev"] = {"Nyarafolo Senoufo"},
["sew"] = {"Sewa Bay"},
["sey"] = {"Secoya"},
["sez"] = {"Senthang Chin"},
["sfb"] = {"Langue des signes de Belgique Francophone", "French Belgian Sign Language"},
["sfe"] = {"Eastern Subanen"},
["sfm"] = {"Small Flowery Miao"},
["sfs"] = {"South African Sign Language"},
["sfw"] = {"Sehwi"},
["sga"] = {"Old Irish (to 900)"},
["sgb"] = {"Mag-antsi Ayta"},
["sgc"] = {"Kipsigis"},
["sgd"] = {"Surigaonon"},
["sge"] = {"Segai"},
["sgg"] = {"Swiss-German Sign Language"},
["sgh"] = {"Shughni"},
["sgi"] = {"Suga"},
["sgj"] = {"Surgujia"},
["sgk"] = {"Sangkong"},
["sgm"] = {"Singa"},
["sgn"] = {"Sign languages"},
["sgp"] = {"Singpho"},
["sgr"] = {"Sangisari"},
["sgs"] = {"Samogitian"},
["sgt"] = {"Brokpake"},
["sgu"] = {"Salas"},
["sgw"] = {"Sebat Bet Gurage"},
["sgx"] = {"Sierra Leone Sign Language"},
["sgy"] = {"Sanglechi"},
["sgz"] = {"Sursurunga"},
["sha"] = {"Shall-Zwall"},
["shb"] = {"Ninam"},
["shc"] = {"Sonde"},
["shd"] = {"Kundal Shahi"},
["she"] = {"Sheko"},
["shg"] = {"Shua"},
["shh"] = {"Shoshoni"},
["shi"] = {"Tachelhit"},
["shj"] = {"Shatt"},
["shk"] = {"Shilluk"},
["shl"] = {"Shendu"},
["shm"] = {"Shahrudi"},
["shn"] = {"Shan"},
["sho"] = {"Shanga"},
["shp"] = {"Shipibo-Conibo"},
["shq"] = {"Sala"},
["shr"] = {"Shi"},
["shs"] = {"Shuswap", "Secwepemctsín"},
["sht"] = {"Shasta"},
["shu"] = {"Chadian Arabic"},
["shv"] = {"Shehri"},
["shw"] = {"Shwai"},
["shx"] = {"She"},
["shy"] = {"Tachawit"},
["shz"] = {"Syenara Senoufo"},
["sia"] = {"Akkala Sami"},
["sib"] = {"Sebop"},
["sid"] = {"Sidamo"},
["sie"] = {"Simaa"},
["sif"] = {"Siamou"},
["sig"] = {"Paasaal"},
["sih"] = {"Zire", "Sîshëë"},
["sii"] = {"Shom Peng"},
["sij"] = {"Numbami"},
["sik"] = {"Sikiana"},
["sil"] = {"Tumulung Sisaala"},
["sim"] = {"Mende (Papua New Guinea)"},
["sio"] = {"Siouan languages"},
["sip"] = {"Sikkimese"},
["siq"] = {"Sonia"},
["sir"] = {"Siri"},
["sis"] = {"Siuslaw"},
["sit"] = {"Sino-Tibetan languages"},
["siu"] = {"Sinagen"},
["siv"] = {"Sumariup"},
["siw"] = {"Siwai"},
["six"] = {"Sumau"},
["siy"] = {"Sivandi"},
["siz"] = {"Siwi"},
["sja"] = {"Epena"},
["sjb"] = {"Sajau Basap"},
["sjc"] = {"Shaojiang Chinese"},
["sjd"] = {"Kildin Sami"},
["sje"] = {"Pite Sami"},
["sjg"] = {"Assangori"},
["sjk"] = {"Kemi Sami"},
["sjl"] = {"Sajalong", "Miji"},
["sjm"] = {"Mapun"},
["sjn"] = {"Sindarin"},
["sjo"] = {"Xibe"},
["sjp"] = {"Surjapuri"},
["sjr"] = {"Siar-Lak"},
["sjs"] = {"Senhaja De Srair"},
["sjt"] = {"Ter Sami"},
["sju"] = {"Ume Sami"},
["sjw"] = {"Shawnee"},
["ska"] = {"Skagit"},
["skb"] = {"Saek"},
["skc"] = {"Ma Manda"},
["skd"] = {"Southern Sierra Miwok"},
["ske"] = {"Seke (Vanuatu)"},
["skf"] = {"Sakirabiá"},
["skg"] = {"Sakalava Malagasy"},
["skh"] = {"Sikule"},
["ski"] = {"Sika"},
["skj"] = {"Seke (Nepal)"},
["skm"] = {"Kutong"},
["skn"] = {"Kolibugan Subanon"},
["sko"] = {"Seko Tengah"},
["skp"] = {"Sekapan"},
["skq"] = {"Sininkere"},
["skr"] = {"Saraiki", "Seraiki"},
["sks"] = {"Maia"},
["skt"] = {"Sakata"},
["sku"] = {"Sakao"},
["skv"] = {"Skou"},
["skw"] = {"Skepi Creole Dutch"},
["skx"] = {"Seko Padang"},
["sky"] = {"Sikaiana"},
["skz"] = {"Sekar"},
["sla"] = {"Slavic languages"},
["slc"] = {"Sáliba"},
["sld"] = {"Sissala"},
["sle"] = {"Sholaga"},
["slf"] = {"Swiss-Italian Sign Language"},
["slg"] = {"Selungai Murut"},
["slh"] = {"Southern Puget Sound Salish"},
["sli"] = {"Lower Silesian"},
["slj"] = {"Salumá"},
["sll"] = {"Salt-Yui"},
["slm"] = {"Pangutaran Sama"},
["sln"] = {"Salinan"},
["slp"] = {"Lamaholot"},
["slr"] = {"Salar"},
["sls"] = {"Singapore Sign Language"},
["slt"] = {"Sila"},
["slu"] = {"Selaru"},
["slw"] = {"Sialum"},
["slx"] = {"Salampasu"},
["sly"] = {"Selayar"},
["slz"] = {"Ma'ya"},
["sma"] = {"Southern Sami"},
["smb"] = {"Simbari"},
["smc"] = {"Som"},
["smf"] = {"Auwe"},
["smg"] = {"Simbali"},
["smh"] = {"Samei"},
["smi"] = {"Sami languages"},
["smj"] = {"Lule Sami"},
["smk"] = {"Bolinao"},
["sml"] = {"Central Sama"},
["smm"] = {"Musasa"},
["smn"] = {"Inari Sami"},
["smp"] = {"Samaritan"},
["smq"] = {"Samo"},
["smr"] = {"Simeulue"},
["sms"] = {"Skolt Sami"},
["smt"] = {"Simte"},
["smu"] = {"Somray"},
["smv"] = {"Samvedi"},
["smw"] = {"Sumbawa"},
["smx"] = {"Samba"},
["smy"] = {"Semnani"},
["smz"] = {"Simeku"},
["snc"] = {"Sinaugoro"},
["sne"] = {"Bau Bidayuh"},
["snf"] = {"Noon"},
["sng"] = {"Sanga (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["sni"] = {"Sensi"},
["snj"] = {"Riverain Sango"},
["snk"] = {"Soninke"},
["snl"] = {"Sangil"},
["snm"] = {"Southern Ma'di"},
["snn"] = {"Siona"},
["sno"] = {"Snohomish"},
["snp"] = {"Siane"},
["snq"] = {"Sangu (Gabon)"},
["snr"] = {"Sihan"},
["sns"] = {"South West Bay", "Nahavaq"},
["snu"] = {"Senggi", "Viid"},
["snv"] = {"Sa'ban"},
["snw"] = {"Selee"},
["snx"] = {"Sam"},
["sny"] = {"Saniyo-Hiyewe"},
["snz"] = {"Kou"},
["soa"] = {"Thai Song"},
["sob"] = {"Sobei"},
["soc"] = {"So (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["sod"] = {"Songoora"},
["soe"] = {"Songomeno"},
["sog"] = {"Sogdian"},
["soh"] = {"Aka"},
["soi"] = {"Sonha"},
["soj"] = {"Soi"},
["sok"] = {"Sokoro"},
["sol"] = {"Solos"},
["son"] = {"Songhai languages"},
["soo"] = {"Songo"},
["sop"] = {"Songe"},
["soq"] = {"Kanasi"},
["sor"] = {"Somrai"},
["sos"] = {"Seeku"},
["sou"] = {"Southern Thai"},
["sov"] = {"Sonsorol"},
["sow"] = {"Sowanda"},
["sox"] = {"Swo"},
["soy"] = {"Miyobe"},
["soz"] = {"Temi"},
["spb"] = {"Sepa (Indonesia)"},
["spc"] = {"Sapé"},
["spd"] = {"Saep"},
["spe"] = {"Sepa (Papua New Guinea)"},
["spg"] = {"Sian"},
["spi"] = {"Saponi"},
["spk"] = {"Sengo"},
["spl"] = {"Selepet"},
["spm"] = {"Akukem"},
["spn"] = {"Sanapaná"},
["spo"] = {"Spokane"},
["spp"] = {"Supyire Senoufo"},
["spq"] = {"Loreto-Ucayali Spanish"},
["spr"] = {"Saparua"},
["sps"] = {"Saposa"},
["spt"] = {"Spiti Bhoti"},
["spu"] = {"Sapuan"},
["spv"] = {"Sambalpuri", "Kosli"},
["spx"] = {"South Picene"},
["spy"] = {"Sabaot"},
["sqa"] = {"Shama-Sambuga"},
["sqh"] = {"Shau"},
["sqj"] = {"Albanian languages"},
["sqk"] = {"Albanian Sign Language"},
["sqm"] = {"Suma"},
["sqn"] = {"Susquehannock"},
["sqo"] = {"Sorkhei"},
["sqq"] = {"Sou"},
["sqr"] = {"Siculo Arabic"},
["sqs"] = {"Sri Lankan Sign Language"},
["sqt"] = {"Soqotri"},
["squ"] = {"Squamish", "Sḵwx̱wú7mesh sníchim"},
["sqx"] = {"Kufr Qassem Sign Language (KQSL)"},
["sra"] = {"Saruga"},
["srb"] = {"Sora"},
["src"] = {"Logudorese Sardinian"},
["sre"] = {"Sara"},
["srf"] = {"Nafi"},
["srg"] = {"Sulod"},
["srh"] = {"Sarikoli"},
["sri"] = {"Siriano"},
["srk"] = {"Serudung Murut"},
["srl"] = {"Isirawa"},
["srm"] = {"Saramaccan"},
["srn"] = {"Sranan Tongo"},
["sro"] = {"Campidanese Sardinian"},
["srq"] = {"Sirionó"},
["srr"] = {"Serer"},
["srs"] = {"Tsuut'ina", "Sarsi"},
["srt"] = {"Sauri"},
["sru"] = {"Suruí"},
["srv"] = {"Southern Sorsoganon"},
["srw"] = {"Serua"},
["srx"] = {"Sirmauri"},
["sry"] = {"Sera"},
["srz"] = {"Shahmirzadi"},
["ssa"] = {"Nilo-Saharan languages"},
["ssb"] = {"Southern Sama"},
["ssc"] = {"Suba-Simbiti"},
["ssd"] = {"Siroi"},
["sse"] = {"Balangingi", "Bangingih Sama"},
["ssf"] = {"Thao"},
["ssg"] = {"Seimat"},
["ssh"] = {"Shihhi Arabic"},
["ssi"] = {"Sansi"},
["ssj"] = {"Sausi"},
["ssk"] = {"Sunam"},
["ssl"] = {"Western Sisaala"},
["ssm"] = {"Semnam"},
["ssn"] = {"Waata"},
["sso"] = {"Sissano"},
["ssp"] = {"Spanish Sign Language"},
["ssq"] = {"So'a"},
["ssr"] = {"Swiss-French Sign Language"},
["sss"] = {"Sô"},
["sst"] = {"Sinasina"},
["ssu"] = {"Susuami"},
["ssv"] = {"Shark Bay"},
["ssx"] = {"Samberigi"},
["ssy"] = {"Saho"},
["ssz"] = {"Sengseng"},
["sta"] = {"Settla"},
["stb"] = {"Northern Subanen"},
["std"] = {"Sentinel"},
["ste"] = {"Liana-Seti"},
["stf"] = {"Seta"},
["stg"] = {"Trieng"},
["sth"] = {"Shelta"},
["sti"] = {"Bulo Stieng"},
["stj"] = {"Matya Samo"},
["stk"] = {"Arammba"},
["stl"] = {"Stellingwerfs"},
["stm"] = {"Setaman"},
["stn"] = {"Owa"},
["sto"] = {"Stoney"},
["stp"] = {"Southeastern Tepehuan"},
["stq"] = {"Saterfriesisch"},
["str"] = {"Straits Salish"},
["sts"] = {"Shumashti"},
["stt"] = {"Budeh Stieng"},
["stu"] = {"Samtao"},
["stv"] = {"Silt'e"},
["stw"] = {"Satawalese"},
["sty"] = {"Siberian Tatar"},
["sua"] = {"Sulka"},
["sub"] = {"Suku"},
["suc"] = {"Western Subanon"},
["sue"] = {"Suena"},
["sug"] = {"Suganga"},
["sui"] = {"Suki"},
["suj"] = {"Shubi"},
["suk"] = {"Sukuma"},
["suo"] = {"Bouni"},
["suq"] = {"Tirmaga-Chai Suri", "Suri"},
["sur"] = {"Mwaghavul"},
["sus"] = {"Susu"},
["sut"] = {"Subtiaba"},
["suv"] = {"Puroik"},
["suw"] = {"Sumbwa"},
["sux"] = {"Sumerian"},
["suy"] = {"Suyá"},
["suz"] = {"Sunwar"},
["sva"] = {"Svan"},
["svb"] = {"Ulau-Suain"},
["svc"] = {"Vincentian Creole English"},
["sve"] = {"Serili"},
["svk"] = {"Slovakian Sign Language"},
["svm"] = {"Slavomolisano"},
["svs"] = {"Savosavo"},
["svx"] = {"Skalvian"},
["swb"] = {"Maore Comorian"},
["swc"] = {"Congo Swahili"},
["swf"] = {"Sere"},
["swg"] = {"Swabian"},
["swh"] = {"Swahili (individual language)", "Kiswahili"},
["swi"] = {"Sui"},
["swj"] = {"Sira"},
["swk"] = {"Malawi Sena"},
["swl"] = {"Swedish Sign Language"},
["swm"] = {"Samosa"},
["swn"] = {"Sawknah"},
["swo"] = {"Shanenawa"},
["swp"] = {"Suau"},
["swq"] = {"Sharwa"},
["swr"] = {"Saweru"},
["sws"] = {"Seluwasan"},
["swt"] = {"Sawila"},
["swu"] = {"Suwawa"},
["swv"] = {"Shekhawati"},
["sww"] = {"Sowa"},
["swx"] = {"Suruahá"},
["swy"] = {"Sarua"},
["sxb"] = {"Suba"},
["sxc"] = {"Sicanian"},
["sxe"] = {"Sighu"},
["sxg"] = {"Shuhi", "Shixing"},
["sxk"] = {"Southern Kalapuya"},
["sxl"] = {"Selian"},
["sxm"] = {"Samre"},
["sxn"] = {"Sangir"},
["sxo"] = {"Sorothaptic"},
["sxr"] = {"Saaroa"},
["sxs"] = {"Sasaru"},
["sxu"] = {"Upper Saxon"},
["sxw"] = {"Saxwe Gbe"},
["sya"] = {"Siang"},
["syb"] = {"Central Subanen"},
["syc"] = {"Classical Syriac"},
["syd"] = {"Samoyedic languages"},
["syi"] = {"Seki"},
["syk"] = {"Sukur"},
["syl"] = {"Sylheti"},
["sym"] = {"Maya Samo"},
["syn"] = {"Senaya"},
["syo"] = {"Suoy"},
["syr"] = {"Syriac"},
["sys"] = {"Sinyar"},
["syw"] = {"Kagate"},
["syx"] = {"Samay"},
["syy"] = {"Al-Sayyid Bedouin Sign Language"},
["sza"] = {"Semelai"},
["szb"] = {"Ngalum"},
["szc"] = {"Semaq Beri"},
["sze"] = {"Seze"},
["szg"] = {"Sengele"},
["szl"] = {"Silesian"},
["szn"] = {"Sula"},
["szp"] = {"Suabo"},
["szs"] = {"Solomon Islands Sign Language"},
["szv"] = {"Isubu", "Isu (Fako Division)"},
["szw"] = {"Sawai"},
["szy"] = {"Sakizaya"},
["taa"] = {"Lower Tanana"},
["tab"] = {"Tabassaran"},
["tac"] = {"Lowland Tarahumara"},
["tad"] = {"Tause"},
["tae"] = {"Tariana"},
["taf"] = {"Tapirapé"},
["tag"] = {"Tagoi"},
["tai"] = {"Tai languages"},
["taj"] = {"Eastern Tamang"},
["tak"] = {"Tala"},
["tal"] = {"Tal"},
["tan"] = {"Tangale"},
["tao"] = {"Yami"},
["tap"] = {"Taabwa"},
["taq"] = {"Tamasheq"},
["tar"] = {"Central Tarahumara"},
["tas"] = {"Tay Boi"},
["tau"] = {"Upper Tanana"},
["tav"] = {"Tatuyo"},
["taw"] = {"Tai"},
["tax"] = {"Tamki"},
["tay"] = {"Atayal"},
["taz"] = {"Tocho"},
["tba"] = {"Aikanã"},
["tbc"] = {"Takia"},
["tbd"] = {"Kaki Ae"},
["tbe"] = {"Tanimbili"},
["tbf"] = {"Mandara"},
["tbg"] = {"North Tairora"},
["tbh"] = {"Dharawal", "Thurawal"},
["tbi"] = {"Gaam"},
["tbj"] = {"Tiang"},
["tbk"] = {"Calamian Tagbanwa"},
["tbl"] = {"Tboli"},
["tbm"] = {"Tagbu"},
["tbn"] = {"Barro Negro Tunebo"},
["tbo"] = {"Tawala"},
["tbp"] = {"Taworta", "Diebroud"},
["tbq"] = {"Tibeto-Burman languages"},
["tbr"] = {"Tumtum"},
["tbs"] = {"Tanguat"},
["tbt"] = {"Tembo (Kitembo)"},
["tbu"] = {"Tubar"},
["tbv"] = {"Tobo"},
["tbw"] = {"Tagbanwa"},
["tbx"] = {"Kapin"},
["tby"] = {"Tabaru"},
["tbz"] = {"Ditammari"},
["tca"] = {"Ticuna"},
["tcb"] = {"Tanacross"},
["tcc"] = {"Datooga"},
["tcd"] = {"Tafi"},
["tce"] = {"Southern Tutchone"},
["tcf"] = {"Malinaltepec Me'phaa", "Malinaltepec Tlapanec"},
["tcg"] = {"Tamagario"},
["tch"] = {"Turks And Caicos Creole English"},
["tci"] = {"Wára"},
["tck"] = {"Tchitchege"},
["tcl"] = {"Taman (Myanmar)"},
["tcm"] = {"Tanahmerah"},
["tcn"] = {"Tichurong"},
["tco"] = {"Taungyo"},
["tcp"] = {"Tawr Chin"},
["tcq"] = {"Kaiy"},
["tcs"] = {"Torres Strait Creole", "Yumplatok"},
["tct"] = {"T'en"},
["tcu"] = {"Southeastern Tarahumara"},
["tcw"] = {"Tecpatlán Totonac"},
["tcx"] = {"Toda"},
["tcy"] = {"Tulu"},
["tcz"] = {"Thado Chin"},
["tda"] = {"Tagdal"},
["tdb"] = {"Panchpargania"},
["tdc"] = {"Emberá-Tadó"},
["tdd"] = {"Tai Nüa"},
["tde"] = {"Tiranige Diga Dogon"},
["tdf"] = {"Talieng"},
["tdg"] = {"Western Tamang"},
["tdh"] = {"Thulung"},
["tdi"] = {"Tomadino"},
["tdj"] = {"Tajio"},
["tdk"] = {"Tambas"},
["tdl"] = {"Sur"},
["tdm"] = {"Taruma"},
["tdn"] = {"Tondano"},
["tdo"] = {"Teme"},
["tdq"] = {"Tita"},
["tdr"] = {"Todrah"},
["tds"] = {"Doutai"},
["tdt"] = {"Tetun Dili"},
["tdv"] = {"Toro"},
["tdx"] = {"Tandroy-Mahafaly Malagasy"},
["tdy"] = {"Tadyawan"},
["tea"] = {"Temiar"},
["teb"] = {"Tetete"},
["tec"] = {"Terik"},
["ted"] = {"Tepo Krumen"},
["tee"] = {"Huehuetla Tepehua"},
["tef"] = {"Teressa"},
["teg"] = {"Teke-Tege"},
["teh"] = {"Tehuelche"},
["tei"] = {"Torricelli"},
["tek"] = {"Ibali Teke"},
["tem"] = {"Timne"},
["ten"] = {"Tama (Colombia)"},
["teo"] = {"Teso"},
["tep"] = {"Tepecano"},
["teq"] = {"Temein"},
["ter"] = {"Tereno"},
["tes"] = {"Tengger"},
["tet"] = {"Tetum"},
["teu"] = {"Soo"},
["tev"] = {"Teor"},
["tew"] = {"Tewa (USA)"},
["tex"] = {"Tennet"},
["tey"] = {"Tulishi"},
["tez"] = {"Tetserret"},
["tfi"] = {"Tofin Gbe"},
["tfn"] = {"Tanaina"},
["tfo"] = {"Tefaro"},
["tfr"] = {"Teribe"},
["tft"] = {"Ternate"},
["tga"] = {"Sagalla"},
["tgb"] = {"Tobilung"},
["tgc"] = {"Tigak"},
["tgd"] = {"Ciwogai"},
["tge"] = {"Eastern Gorkha Tamang"},
["tgf"] = {"Chalikha"},
["tgh"] = {"Tobagonian Creole English"},
["tgi"] = {"Lawunuia"},
["tgj"] = {"Tagin"},
["tgn"] = {"Tandaganon"},
["tgo"] = {"Sudest"},
["tgp"] = {"Tangoa"},
["tgq"] = {"Tring"},
["tgr"] = {"Tareng"},
["tgs"] = {"Nume"},
["tgt"] = {"Central Tagbanwa"},
["tgu"] = {"Tanggu"},
["tgv"] = {"Tingui-Boto"},
["tgw"] = {"Tagwana Senoufo"},
["tgx"] = {"Tagish"},
["tgy"] = {"Togoyo"},
["tgz"] = {"Tagalaka"},
["thd"] = {"Kuuk Thaayorre", "Thayore"},
["the"] = {"Chitwania Tharu"},
["thf"] = {"Thangmi"},
["thh"] = {"Northern Tarahumara"},
["thi"] = {"Tai Long"},
["thk"] = {"Tharaka", "Kitharaka"},
["thl"] = {"Dangaura Tharu"},
["thm"] = {"Aheu"},
["thn"] = {"Thachanadan"},
["thp"] = {"Thompson", "Nłeʔkepmxcín", "Thompson River Salish"},
["thq"] = {"Kochila Tharu"},
["thr"] = {"Rana Tharu"},
["ths"] = {"Thakali"},
["tht"] = {"Tahltan", "Tāłtān"},
["thu"] = {"Thuri"},
["thv"] = {"Tahaggart Tamahaq"},
["thy"] = {"Tha"},
["thz"] = {"Tayart Tamajeq"},
["tia"] = {"Tidikelt Tamazight"},
["tic"] = {"Tira"},
["tif"] = {"Tifal"},
["tig"] = {"Tigre"},
["tih"] = {"Timugon Murut"},
["tii"] = {"Tiene"},
["tij"] = {"Tilung"},
["tik"] = {"Tikar"},
["til"] = {"Tillamook"},
["tim"] = {"Timbe"},
["tin"] = {"Tindi"},
["tio"] = {"Teop"},
["tip"] = {"Trimuris"},
["tiq"] = {"Tiéfo"},
["tis"] = {"Masadiit Itneg"},
["tit"] = {"Tinigua"},
["tiu"] = {"Adasen"},
["tiv"] = {"Tiv"},
["tiw"] = {"Tiwi"},
["tix"] = {"Southern Tiwa"},
["tiy"] = {"Tiruray"},
["tiz"] = {"Tai Hongjin"},
["tja"] = {"Tajuasohn"},
["tjg"] = {"Tunjung"},
["tji"] = {"Northern Tujia"},
["tjj"] = {"Tjungundji"},
["tjl"] = {"Tai Laing"},
["tjm"] = {"Timucua"},
["tjn"] = {"Tonjon"},
["tjo"] = {"Temacine Tamazight"},
["tjp"] = {"Tjupany"},
["tjs"] = {"Southern Tujia"},
["tju"] = {"Tjurruru"},
["tjw"] = {"Djabwurrung"},
["tka"] = {"Truká"},
["tkb"] = {"Buksa"},
["tkd"] = {"Tukudede"},
["tke"] = {"Takwane"},
["tkf"] = {"Tukumanféd"},
["tkg"] = {"Tesaka Malagasy"},
["tkl"] = {"Tokelau"},
["tkm"] = {"Takelma"},
["tkn"] = {"Toku-No-Shima"},
["tkp"] = {"Tikopia"},
["tkq"] = {"Tee"},
["tkr"] = {"Tsakhur"},
["tks"] = {"Takestani"},
["tkt"] = {"Kathoriya Tharu"},
["tku"] = {"Upper Necaxa Totonac"},
["tkv"] = {"Mur Pano"},
["tkw"] = {"Teanu"},
["tkx"] = {"Tangko"},
["tkz"] = {"Takua"},
["tla"] = {"Southwestern Tepehuan"},
["tlb"] = {"Tobelo"},
["tlc"] = {"Yecuatla Totonac"},
["tld"] = {"Talaud"},
["tlf"] = {"Telefol"},
["tlg"] = {"Tofanma"},
["tlh"] = {"Klingon", "tlhIngan Hol"},
["tli"] = {"Tlingit"},
["tlj"] = {"Talinga-Bwisi"},
["tlk"] = {"Taloki"},
["tll"] = {"Tetela"},
["tlm"] = {"Tolomako"},
["tln"] = {"Talondo'"},
["tlo"] = {"Talodi"},
["tlp"] = {"Filomena Mata-Coahuitlán Totonac"},
["tlq"] = {"Tai Loi"},
["tlr"] = {"Talise"},
["tls"] = {"Tambotalo"},
["tlt"] = {"Sou Nama", "Teluti"},
["tlu"] = {"Tulehu"},
["tlv"] = {"Taliabu"},
["tlx"] = {"Khehek"},
["tly"] = {"Talysh"},
["tma"] = {"Tama (Chad)"},
["tmb"] = {"Katbol", "Avava"},
["tmc"] = {"Tumak"},
["tmd"] = {"Haruai"},
["tme"] = {"Tremembé"},
["tmf"] = {"Toba-Maskoy"},
["tmg"] = {"Ternateño"},
["tmh"] = {"Tamashek"},
["tmi"] = {"Tutuba"},
["tmj"] = {"Samarokena"},
["tml"] = {"Tamnim Citak"},
["tmm"] = {"Tai Thanh"},
["tmn"] = {"Taman (Indonesia)"},
["tmo"] = {"Temoq"},
["tmq"] = {"Tumleo"},
["tmr"] = {"Jewish Babylonian Aramaic (ca. 200-1200 CE)"},
["tms"] = {"Tima"},
["tmt"] = {"Tasmate"},
["tmu"] = {"Iau"},
["tmv"] = {"Tembo (Motembo)"},
["tmw"] = {"Temuan"},
["tmy"] = {"Tami"},
["tmz"] = {"Tamanaku"},
["tna"] = {"Tacana"},
["tnb"] = {"Western Tunebo"},
["tnc"] = {"Tanimuca-Retuarã"},
["tnd"] = {"Angosturas Tunebo"},
["tng"] = {"Tobanga"},
["tnh"] = {"Maiani"},
["tni"] = {"Tandia"},
["tnk"] = {"Kwamera"},
["tnl"] = {"Lenakel"},
["tnm"] = {"Tabla"},
["tnn"] = {"North Tanna"},
["tno"] = {"Toromono"},
["tnp"] = {"Whitesands"},
["tnq"] = {"Taino"},
["tnr"] = {"Ménik"},
["tns"] = {"Tenis"},
["tnt"] = {"Tontemboan"},
["tnu"] = {"Tay Khang"},
["tnv"] = {"Tangchangya"},
["tnw"] = {"Tonsawang"},
["tnx"] = {"Tanema"},
["tny"] = {"Tongwe"},
["tnz"] = {"Ten'edn"},
["tob"] = {"Toba"},
["toc"] = {"Coyutla Totonac"},
["tod"] = {"Toma"},
["tof"] = {"Gizrra"},
["tog"] = {"Tonga (Nyasa)"},
["toh"] = {"Gitonga"},
["toi"] = {"Tonga (Zambia)"},
["toj"] = {"Tojolabal"},
["tok"] = {"Toki Pona"},
["tol"] = {"Tolowa"},
["tom"] = {"Tombulu"},
["too"] = {"Xicotepec De Juárez Totonac"},
["top"] = {"Papantla Totonac"},
["toq"] = {"Toposa"},
["tor"] = {"Togbo-Vara Banda"},
["tos"] = {"Highland Totonac"},
["tou"] = {"Tho"},
["tov"] = {"Upper Taromi"},
["tow"] = {"Jemez"},
["tox"] = {"Tobian"},
["toy"] = {"Topoiyo"},
["toz"] = {"To"},
["tpa"] = {"Taupota"},
["tpc"] = {"Azoyú Me'phaa", "Azoyú Tlapanec"},
["tpe"] = {"Tippera"},
["tpf"] = {"Tarpia"},
["tpg"] = {"Kula"},
["tpi"] = {"Tok Pisin"},
["tpj"] = {"Tapieté"},
["tpk"] = {"Tupinikin"},
["tpl"] = {"Tlacoapa Me'phaa", "Tlacoapa Tlapanec"},
["tpm"] = {"Tampulma"},
["tpn"] = {"Tupinambá"},
["tpo"] = {"Tai Pao"},
["tpp"] = {"Pisaflores Tepehua"},
["tpq"] = {"Tukpa"},
["tpr"] = {"Tuparí"},
["tpt"] = {"Tlachichilco Tepehua"},
["tpu"] = {"Tampuan"},
["tpv"] = {"Tanapag"},
["tpx"] = {"Acatepec Me'phaa", "Acatepec Tlapanec"},
["tpy"] = {"Trumai"},
["tpz"] = {"Tinputz"},
["tqb"] = {"Tembé"},
["tql"] = {"Lehali"},
["tqm"] = {"Turumsa"},
["tqn"] = {"Tenino"},
["tqo"] = {"Toaripi"},
["tqp"] = {"Tomoip"},
["tqq"] = {"Tunni"},
["tqr"] = {"Torona"},
["tqt"] = {"Western Totonac"},
["tqu"] = {"Touo"},
["tqw"] = {"Tonkawa"},
["tra"] = {"Tirahi"},
["trb"] = {"Terebu"},
["trc"] = {"Copala Triqui"},
["trd"] = {"Turi"},
["tre"] = {"East Tarangan"},
["trf"] = {"Trinidadian Creole English"},
["trg"] = {"Lishán Didán"},
["trh"] = {"Turaka"},
["tri"] = {"Trió"},
["trj"] = {"Toram"},
["trk"] = {"Turkic languages"},
["trl"] = {"Traveller Scottish"},
["trm"] = {"Tregami"},
["trn"] = {"Trinitario"},
["tro"] = {"Tarao Naga"},
["trp"] = {"Kok Borok"},
["trq"] = {"San Martín Itunyoso Triqui"},
["trr"] = {"Taushiro"},
["trs"] = {"Chicahuaxtla Triqui"},
["trt"] = {"Tunggare"},
["tru"] = {"Turoyo", "Surayt"},
["trv"] = {"Sediq", "Seediq", "Taroko"},
["trw"] = {"Torwali"},
["trx"] = {"Tringgus-Sembaan Bidayuh"},
["try"] = {"Turung"},
["trz"] = {"Torá"},
["tsa"] = {"Tsaangi"},
["tsb"] = {"Tsamai"},
["tsc"] = {"Tswa"},
["tsd"] = {"Tsakonian"},
["tse"] = {"Tunisian Sign Language"},
["tsg"] = {"Tausug"},
["tsh"] = {"Tsuvan"},
["tsi"] = {"Tsimshian"},
["tsj"] = {"Tshangla"},
["tsk"] = {"Tseku"},
["tsl"] = {"Ts'ün-Lao"},
["tsm"] = {"Turkish Sign Language", "Türk İşaret Dili"},
["tsp"] = {"Northern Toussian"},
["tsq"] = {"Thai Sign Language"},
["tsr"] = {"Akei"},
["tss"] = {"Taiwan Sign Language"},
["tst"] = {"Tondi Songway Kiini"},
["tsu"] = {"Tsou"},
["tsv"] = {"Tsogo"},
["tsw"] = {"Tsishingini"},
["tsx"] = {"Mubami"},
["tsy"] = {"Tebul Sign Language"},
["tsz"] = {"Purepecha"},
["tta"] = {"Tutelo"},
["ttb"] = {"Gaa"},
["ttc"] = {"Tektiteko"},
["ttd"] = {"Tauade"},
["tte"] = {"Bwanabwana"},
["ttf"] = {"Tuotomb"},
["ttg"] = {"Tutong"},
["tth"] = {"Upper Ta'oih"},
["tti"] = {"Tobati"},
["ttj"] = {"Tooro"},
["ttk"] = {"Totoro"},
["ttl"] = {"Totela"},
["ttm"] = {"Northern Tutchone"},
["ttn"] = {"Towei"},
["tto"] = {"Lower Ta'oih"},
["ttp"] = {"Tombelala"},
["ttq"] = {"Tawallammat Tamajaq"},
["ttr"] = {"Tera"},
["tts"] = {"Northeastern Thai"},
["ttt"] = {"Muslim Tat"},
["ttu"] = {"Torau"},
["ttv"] = {"Titan"},
["ttw"] = {"Long Wat"},
["tty"] = {"Sikaritai"},
["ttz"] = {"Tsum"},
["tua"] = {"Wiarumus"},
["tub"] = {"Tübatulabal"},
["tuc"] = {"Mutu"},
["tud"] = {"Tuxá"},
["tue"] = {"Tuyuca"},
["tuf"] = {"Central Tunebo"},
["tug"] = {"Tunia"},
["tuh"] = {"Taulil"},
["tui"] = {"Tupuri"},
["tuj"] = {"Tugutil"},
["tul"] = {"Tula"},
["tum"] = {"Tumbuka"},
["tun"] = {"Tunica"},
["tuo"] = {"Tucano"},
["tup"] = {"Tupi languages"},
["tuq"] = {"Tedaga"},
["tus"] = {"Tuscarora"},
["tut"] = {"Altaic languages"},
["tuu"] = {"Tututni"},
["tuv"] = {"Turkana"},
["tuw"] = {"Tungus languages"},
["tux"] = {"Tuxináwa"},
["tuy"] = {"Tugen"},
["tuz"] = {"Turka"},
["tva"] = {"Vaghua"},
["tvd"] = {"Tsuvadi"},
["tve"] = {"Te'un"},
["tvg"] = {"Tugunese", "Batavian Portuguese Creole", "Mardijker Creole"},
["tvi"] = {"Tulai"},
["tvk"] = {"Southeast Ambrym"},
["tvl"] = {"Tuvalu"},
["tvm"] = {"Tela-Masbuar"},
["tvn"] = {"Tavoyan"},
["tvo"] = {"Tidore"},
["tvs"] = {"Taveta"},
["tvt"] = {"Tutsa Naga"},
["tvu"] = {"Tunen"},
["tvw"] = {"Sedoa"},
["tvx"] = {"Taivoan"},
["tvy"] = {"Timor Pidgin"},
["twa"] = {"Twana"},
["twb"] = {"Western Tawbuid"},
["twc"] = {"Teshenawa"},
["twd"] = {"Twents"},
["twe"] = {"Tewa (Indonesia)"},
["twf"] = {"Northern Tiwa"},
["twg"] = {"Tereweng"},
["twh"] = {"Tai Dón"},
["twl"] = {"Tawara"},
["twm"] = {"Tawang Monpa"},
["twn"] = {"Twendi"},
["two"] = {"Tswapong"},
["twp"] = {"Ere"},
["twq"] = {"Tasawaq"},
["twr"] = {"Southwestern Tarahumara"},
["twt"] = {"Turiwára"},
["twu"] = {"Termanu"},
["tww"] = {"Tuwari"},
["twx"] = {"Tewe"},
["twy"] = {"Tawoyan"},
["txa"] = {"Tombonuo"},
["txb"] = {"Tokharian B"},
["txc"] = {"Tsetsaut"},
["txe"] = {"Totoli"},
["txg"] = {"Tangut"},
["txh"] = {"Thracian"},
["txi"] = {"Ikpeng"},
["txj"] = {"Tarjumo"},
["txm"] = {"Tomini"},
["txn"] = {"West Tarangan"},
["txo"] = {"Toto"},
["txq"] = {"Tii"},
["txr"] = {"Tartessian"},
["txs"] = {"Tonsea"},
["txt"] = {"Citak"},
["txu"] = {"Kayapó"},
["txx"] = {"Tatana"},
["txy"] = {"Tanosy Malagasy"},
["tya"] = {"Tauya"},
["tye"] = {"Kyanga"},
["tyh"] = {"O'du"},
["tyi"] = {"Teke-Tsaayi"},
["tyj"] = {"Tai Do", "Tai Yo"},
["tyl"] = {"Thu Lao"},
["tyn"] = {"Kombai"},
["typ"] = {"Thaypan"},
["tyr"] = {"Tai Daeng"},
["tys"] = {"Tày Sa Pa"},
["tyt"] = {"Tày Tac"},
["tyu"] = {"Kua"},
["tyv"] = {"Tuvinian"},
["tyx"] = {"Teke-Tyee"},
["tyy"] = {"Tiyaa"},
["tyz"] = {"Tày"},
["tza"] = {"Tanzanian Sign Language"},
["tzh"] = {"Tzeltal"},
["tzj"] = {"Tz'utujil"},
["tzl"] = {"Talossan"},
["tzm"] = {"Central Atlas Tamazight"},
["tzn"] = {"Tugun"},
["tzo"] = {"Tzotzil"},
["tzx"] = {"Tabriak"},
["uam"] = {"Uamué"},
["uan"] = {"Kuan"},
["uar"] = {"Tairuma"},
["uba"] = {"Ubang"},
["ubi"] = {"Ubi"},
["ubl"] = {"Buhi'non Bikol"},
["ubr"] = {"Ubir"},
["ubu"] = {"Umbu-Ungu"},
["uby"] = {"Ubykh"},
["uda"] = {"Uda"},
["ude"] = {"Udihe"},
["udg"] = {"Muduga"},
["udi"] = {"Udi"},
["udj"] = {"Ujir"},
["udl"] = {"Wuzlam"},
["udm"] = {"Udmurt"},
["udu"] = {"Uduk"},
["ues"] = {"Kioko"},
["ufi"] = {"Ufim"},
["uga"] = {"Ugaritic"},
["ugb"] = {"Kuku-Ugbanh"},
["uge"] = {"Ughele"},
["ugh"] = {"Kubachi"},
["ugn"] = {"Ugandan Sign Language"},
["ugo"] = {"Ugong"},
["ugy"] = {"Uruguayan Sign Language"},
["uha"] = {"Uhami"},
["uhn"] = {"Damal"},
["uis"] = {"Uisai"},
["uiv"] = {"Iyive"},
["uji"] = {"Tanjijili"},
["uka"] = {"Kaburi"},
["ukg"] = {"Ukuriguma"},
["ukh"] = {"Ukhwejo"},
["uki"] = {"Kui (India)"},
["ukk"] = {"Muak Sa-aak"},
["ukl"] = {"Ukrainian Sign Language"},
["ukp"] = {"Ukpe-Bayobiri"},
["ukq"] = {"Ukwa"},
["uks"] = {"Urubú-Kaapor Sign Language", "Kaapor Sign Language"},
["uku"] = {"Ukue"},
["ukv"] = {"Kuku"},
["ukw"] = {"Ukwuani-Aboh-Ndoni"},
["uky"] = {"Kuuk-Yak"},
["ula"] = {"Fungwa"},
["ulb"] = {"Ulukwumi"},
["ulc"] = {"Ulch"},
["ule"] = {"Lule"},
["ulf"] = {"Usku", "Afra"},
["uli"] = {"Ulithian"},
["ulk"] = {"Meriam Mir"},
["ull"] = {"Ullatan"},
["ulm"] = {"Ulumanda'"},
["uln"] = {"Unserdeutsch"},
["ulu"] = {"Uma' Lung"},
["ulw"] = {"Ulwa"},
["uly"] = {"Buli"},
["uma"] = {"Umatilla"},
["umb"] = {"Umbundu"},
["umc"] = {"Marrucinian"},
["umd"] = {"Umbindhamu"},
["umg"] = {"Morrobalama", "Umbuygamu"},
["umi"] = {"Ukit"},
["umm"] = {"Umon"},
["umn"] = {"Makyan Naga"},
["umo"] = {"Umotína"},
["ump"] = {"Umpila"},
["umr"] = {"Umbugarla"},
["ums"] = {"Pendau"},
["umu"] = {"Munsee"},
["una"] = {"North Watut"},
["und"] = {"Undetermined"},
["une"] = {"Uneme"},
["ung"] = {"Ngarinyin"},
["uni"] = {"Uni"},
["unk"] = {"Enawené-Nawé"},
["unm"] = {"Unami"},
["unn"] = {"Kurnai"},
["unr"] = {"Mundari"},
["unu"] = {"Unubahe"},
["unx"] = {"Munda"},
["unz"] = {"Unde Kaili"},
["uon"] = {"Kulon"},
["upi"] = {"Umeda"},
["upv"] = {"Uripiv-Wala-Rano-Atchin"},
["ura"] = {"Urarina"},
["urb"] = {"Urubú-Kaapor", "Kaapor"},
["urc"] = {"Urningangg"},
["ure"] = {"Uru"},
["urf"] = {"Uradhi"},
["urg"] = {"Urigina"},
["urh"] = {"Urhobo"},
["uri"] = {"Urim"},
["urj"] = {"Uralic languages"},
["urk"] = {"Urak Lawoi'"},
["url"] = {"Urali"},
["urm"] = {"Urapmin"},
["urn"] = {"Uruangnirin"},
["uro"] = {"Ura (Papua New Guinea)"},
["urp"] = {"Uru-Pa-In"},
["urr"] = {"Lehalurup", "Löyöp"},
["urt"] = {"Urat"},
["uru"] = {"Urumi"},
["urv"] = {"Uruava"},
["urw"] = {"Sop"},
["urx"] = {"Urimo"},
["ury"] = {"Orya"},
["urz"] = {"Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau"},
["usa"] = {"Usarufa"},
["ush"] = {"Ushojo"},
["usi"] = {"Usui"},
["usk"] = {"Usaghade"},
["usp"] = {"Uspanteco"},
["uss"] = {"us-Saare"},
["usu"] = {"Uya"},
["uta"] = {"Otank"},
["ute"] = {"Ute-Southern Paiute"},
["uth"] = {"ut-Hun"},
["utp"] = {"Amba (Solomon Islands)"},
["utr"] = {"Etulo"},
["utu"] = {"Utu"},
["uum"] = {"Urum"},
["uur"] = {"Ura (Vanuatu)"},
["uuu"] = {"U"},
["uve"] = {"West Uvean", "Fagauvea"},
["uvh"] = {"Uri"},
["uvl"] = {"Lote"},
["uwa"] = {"Kuku-Uwanh"},
["uya"] = {"Doko-Uyanga"},
["uzn"] = {"Northern Uzbek"},
["uzs"] = {"Southern Uzbek"},
["vaa"] = {"Vaagri Booli"},
["vae"] = {"Vale"},
["vaf"] = {"Vafsi"},
["vag"] = {"Vagla"},
["vah"] = {"Varhadi-Nagpuri"},
["vai"] = {"Vai"},
["vaj"] = {"Sekele", "Northwestern ǃKung", "Vasekele"},
["val"] = {"Vehes"},
["vam"] = {"Vanimo"},
["van"] = {"Valman"},
["vao"] = {"Vao"},
["vap"] = {"Vaiphei"},
["var"] = {"Huarijio"},
["vas"] = {"Vasavi"},
["vau"] = {"Vanuma"},
["vav"] = {"Varli"},
["vay"] = {"Wayu"},
["vbb"] = {"Southeast Babar"},
["vbk"] = {"Southwestern Bontok"},
["vec"] = {"Venetian"},
["ved"] = {"Veddah"},
["vel"] = {"Veluws"},
["vem"] = {"Vemgo-Mabas"},
["veo"] = {"Ventureño"},
["vep"] = {"Veps"},
["ver"] = {"Mom Jango"},
["vgr"] = {"Vaghri"},
["vgt"] = {"Vlaamse Gebarentaal", "Flemish Sign Language"},
["vic"] = {"Virgin Islands Creole English"},
["vid"] = {"Vidunda"},
["vif"] = {"Vili"},
["vig"] = {"Viemo"},
["vil"] = {"Vilela"},
["vin"] = {"Vinza"},
["vis"] = {"Vishavan"},
["vit"] = {"Viti"},
["viv"] = {"Iduna"},
["vjk"] = {"Bajjika"},
["vka"] = {"Kariyarra"},
["vkj"] = {"Kujarge"},
["vkk"] = {"Kaur"},
["vkl"] = {"Kulisusu"},
["vkm"] = {"Kamakan"},
["vkn"] = {"Koro Nulu"},
["vko"] = {"Kodeoha"},
["vkp"] = {"Korlai Creole Portuguese"},
["vkt"] = {"Tenggarong Kutai Malay"},
["vku"] = {"Kurrama"},
["vkz"] = {"Koro Zuba"},
["vlp"] = {"Valpei"},
["vls"] = {"Vlaams"},
["vma"] = {"Martuyhunira"},
["vmb"] = {"Barbaram"},
["vmc"] = {"Juxtlahuaca Mixtec"},
["vmd"] = {"Mudu Koraga"},
["vme"] = {"East Masela"},
["vmf"] = {"Mainfränkisch"},
["vmg"] = {"Lungalunga"},
["vmh"] = {"Maraghei"},
["vmi"] = {"Miwa"},
["vmj"] = {"Ixtayutla Mixtec"},
["vmk"] = {"Makhuwa-Shirima"},
["vml"] = {"Malgana"},
["vmm"] = {"Mitlatongo Mixtec"},
["vmp"] = {"Soyaltepec Mazatec"},
["vmq"] = {"Soyaltepec Mixtec"},
["vmr"] = {"Marenje"},
["vms"] = {"Moksela"},
["vmu"] = {"Muluridyi"},
["vmv"] = {"Valley Maidu"},
["vmw"] = {"Makhuwa"},
["vmx"] = {"Tamazola Mixtec"},
["vmy"] = {"Ayautla Mazatec"},
["vmz"] = {"Mazatlán Mazatec"},
["vnk"] = {"Vano", "Lovono"},
["vnm"] = {"Vinmavis", "Neve'ei"},
["vnp"] = {"Vunapu"},
["vor"] = {"Voro"},
["vot"] = {"Votic"},
["vra"] = {"Vera'a"},
["vro"] = {"Võro"},
["vrs"] = {"Varisi"},
["vrt"] = {"Burmbar", "Banam Bay"},
["vsi"] = {"Moldova Sign Language"},
["vsl"] = {"Venezuelan Sign Language"},
["vsn"] = {"Vedic Sanskrit"},
["vsv"] = {"Valencian Sign Language", "Llengua de signes valenciana"},
["vto"] = {"Vitou"},
["vum"] = {"Vumbu"},
["vun"] = {"Vunjo"},
["vut"] = {"Vute"},
["vwa"] = {"Awa (China)"},
["waa"] = {"Walla Walla"},
["wab"] = {"Yote", "Wab"},
["wac"] = {"Wasco-Wishram"},
["wad"] = {"Wamesa", "Wondama"},
["wae"] = {"Walser"},
["waf"] = {"Wakoná"},
["wag"] = {"Wa'ema"},
["wah"] = {"Watubela"},
["wai"] = {"Wares"},
["waj"] = {"Waffa"},
["wak"] = {"Wakashan languages"},
["wal"] = {"Wolaytta", "Wolaitta"},
["wam"] = {"Wampanoag"},
["wan"] = {"Wan"},
["wao"] = {"Wappo"},
["wap"] = {"Wapishana"},
["waq"] = {"Wagiman"},
["war"] = {"Waray (Philippines)"},
["was"] = {"Washo"},
["wat"] = {"Kaninuwa"},
["wau"] = {"Waurá"},
["wav"] = {"Waka"},
["waw"] = {"Waiwai"},
["wax"] = {"Watam", "Marangis"},
["way"] = {"Wayana"},
["waz"] = {"Wampur"},
["wba"] = {"Warao"},
["wbb"] = {"Wabo"},
["wbe"] = {"Waritai"},
["wbf"] = {"Wara"},
["wbh"] = {"Wanda"},
["wbi"] = {"Vwanji"},
["wbj"] = {"Alagwa"},
["wbk"] = {"Waigali"},
["wbl"] = {"Wakhi"},
["wbm"] = {"Wa"},
["wbp"] = {"Warlpiri"},
["wbq"] = {"Waddar"},
["wbr"] = {"Wagdi"},
["wbs"] = {"West Bengal Sign Language"},
["wbt"] = {"Warnman"},
["wbv"] = {"Wajarri"},
["wbw"] = {"Woi"},
["wca"] = {"Yanomámi"},
["wci"] = {"Waci Gbe"},
["wdd"] = {"Wandji"},
["wdg"] = {"Wadaginam"},
["wdj"] = {"Wadjiginy"},
["wdk"] = {"Wadikali"},
["wdt"] = {"Wendat"},
["wdu"] = {"Wadjigu"},
["wdy"] = {"Wadjabangayi"},
["wea"] = {"Wewaw"},
["wec"] = {"Wè Western"},
["wed"] = {"Wedau"},
["weg"] = {"Wergaia"},
["weh"] = {"Weh"},
["wei"] = {"Kiunum"},
["wem"] = {"Weme Gbe"},
["wen"] = {"Sorbian languages"},
["weo"] = {"Wemale"},
["wep"] = {"Westphalien"},
["wer"] = {"Weri"},
["wes"] = {"Cameroon Pidgin"},
["wet"] = {"Perai"},
["weu"] = {"Rawngtu Chin"},
["wew"] = {"Wejewa"},
["wfg"] = {"Yafi", "Zorop"},
["wga"] = {"Wagaya"},
["wgb"] = {"Wagawaga"},
["wgg"] = {"Wangkangurru", "Wangganguru"},
["wgi"] = {"Wahgi"},
["wgo"] = {"Waigeo"},
["wgu"] = {"Wirangu"},
["wgy"] = {"Warrgamay"},
["wha"] = {"Sou Upaa", "Manusela"},
["whg"] = {"North Wahgi"},
["whk"] = {"Wahau Kenyah"},
["whu"] = {"Wahau Kayan"},
["wib"] = {"Southern Toussian"},
["wic"] = {"Wichita"},
["wie"] = {"Wik-Epa"},
["wif"] = {"Wik-Keyangan"},
["wig"] = {"Wik Ngathan"},
["wih"] = {"Wik-Me'anha"},
["wii"] = {"Minidien"},
["wij"] = {"Wik-Iiyanh"},
["wik"] = {"Wikalkan"},
["wil"] = {"Wilawila"},
["wim"] = {"Wik-Mungkan"},
["win"] = {"Ho-Chunk"},
["wir"] = {"Wiraféd"},
["wiu"] = {"Wiru"},
["wiv"] = {"Vitu"},
["wiy"] = {"Wiyot"},
["wja"] = {"Waja"},
["wji"] = {"Warji"},
["wka"] = {"Kw'adza"},
["wkb"] = {"Kumbaran"},
["wkd"] = {"Wakde", "Mo"},
["wkl"] = {"Kalanadi"},
["wkr"] = {"Keerray-Woorroong"},
["wku"] = {"Kunduvadi"},
["wkw"] = {"Wakawaka"},
["wky"] = {"Wangkayutyuru"},
["wla"] = {"Walio"},
["wlc"] = {"Mwali Comorian"},
["wle"] = {"Wolane"},
["wlg"] = {"Kunbarlang"},
["wlh"] = {"Welaun"},
["wli"] = {"Waioli"},
["wlk"] = {"Wailaki"},
["wll"] = {"Wali (Sudan)"},
["wlm"] = {"Middle Welsh"},
["wlo"] = {"Wolio"},
["wlr"] = {"Wailapa"},
["wls"] = {"Wallisian"},
["wlu"] = {"Wuliwuli"},
["wlv"] = {"Wichí Lhamtés Vejoz"},
["wlw"] = {"Walak"},
["wlx"] = {"Wali (Ghana)"},
["wly"] = {"Waling"},
["wma"] = {"Mawa (Nigeria)"},
["wmb"] = {"Wambaya"},
["wmc"] = {"Wamas"},
["wmd"] = {"Mamaindé"},
["wme"] = {"Wambule"},
["wmg"] = {"Western Minyag"},
["wmh"] = {"Waima'a"},
["wmi"] = {"Wamin"},
["wmm"] = {"Maiwa (Indonesia)"},
["wmn"] = {"Waamwang"},
["wmo"] = {"Wom (Papua New Guinea)"},
["wms"] = {"Wambon"},
["wmt"] = {"Walmajarri"},
["wmw"] = {"Mwani"},
["wmx"] = {"Womo"},
["wnb"] = {"Mokati"},
["wnc"] = {"Wantoat"},
["wnd"] = {"Wandarang"},
["wne"] = {"Waneci"},
["wng"] = {"Wanggom"},
["wni"] = {"Ndzwani Comorian"},
["wnk"] = {"Wanukaka"},
["wnm"] = {"Wanggamala"},
["wnn"] = {"Wunumara"},
["wno"] = {"Wano"},
["wnp"] = {"Wanap"},
["wnu"] = {"Usan"},
["wnw"] = {"Wintu"},
["wny"] = {"Wanyi", "Waanyi"},
["woa"] = {"Kuwema", "Tyaraity"},
["wob"] = {"Wè Northern"},
["woc"] = {"Wogeo"},
["wod"] = {"Wolani"},
["woe"] = {"Woleaian"},
["wof"] = {"Gambian Wolof"},
["wog"] = {"Wogamusin"},
["woi"] = {"Kamang"},
["wok"] = {"Longto"},
["wom"] = {"Wom (Nigeria)"},
["won"] = {"Wongo"},
["woo"] = {"Manombai"},
["wor"] = {"Woria"},
["wos"] = {"Hanga Hundi"},
["wow"] = {"Wawonii"},
["woy"] = {"Weyto"},
["wpc"] = {"Maco"},
["wrb"] = {"Waluwarra", "Warluwara"},
["wrg"] = {"Warungu", "Gudjal"},
["wrh"] = {"Wiradjuri"},
["wri"] = {"Wariyangga"},
["wrk"] = {"Garrwa"},
["wrl"] = {"Warlmanpa"},
["wrm"] = {"Warumungu"},
["wrn"] = {"Warnang"},
["wro"] = {"Worrorra"},
["wrp"] = {"Waropen"},
["wrr"] = {"Wardaman"},
["wrs"] = {"Waris"},
["wru"] = {"Waru"},
["wrv"] = {"Waruna"},
["wrw"] = {"Gugu Warra"},
["wrx"] = {"Wae Rana"},
["wry"] = {"Merwari"},
["wrz"] = {"Waray (Australia)"},
["wsa"] = {"Warembori"},
["wsg"] = {"Adilabad Gondi"},
["wsi"] = {"Wusi"},
["wsk"] = {"Waskia"},
["wsr"] = {"Owenia"},
["wss"] = {"Wasa"},
["wsu"] = {"Wasu"},
["wsv"] = {"Wotapuri-Katarqalai"},
["wtb"] = {"Matambwe"},
["wtf"] = {"Watiwa"},
["wth"] = {"Wathawurrung"},
["wti"] = {"Berta"},
["wtk"] = {"Watakataui"},
["wtm"] = {"Mewati"},
["wtw"] = {"Wotu"},
["wua"] = {"Wikngenchera"},
["wub"] = {"Wunambal"},
["wud"] = {"Wudu"},
["wuh"] = {"Wutunhua"},
["wul"] = {"Silimo"},
["wum"] = {"Wumbvu"},
["wun"] = {"Bungu"},
["wur"] = {"Wurrugu"},
["wut"] = {"Wutung"},
["wuu"] = {"Wu Chinese"},
["wuv"] = {"Wuvulu-Aua"},
["wux"] = {"Wulna"},
["wuy"] = {"Wauyai"},
["wwa"] = {"Waama"},
["wwb"] = {"Wakabunga"},
["wwo"] = {"Wetamut", "Dorig"},
["wwr"] = {"Warrwa"},
["www"] = {"Wawa"},
["wxa"] = {"Waxianghua"},
["wxw"] = {"Wardandi"},
["wyb"] = {"Wangaaybuwan-Ngiyambaa"},
["wyi"] = {"Woiwurrung"},
["wym"] = {"Wymysorys"},
["wyn"] = {"Wyandot"},
["wyr"] = {"Wayoró"},
["wyy"] = {"Western Fijian"},
["xaa"] = {"Andalusian Arabic"},
["xab"] = {"Sambe"},
["xac"] = {"Kachari"},
["xad"] = {"Adai"},
["xae"] = {"Aequian"},
["xag"] = {"Aghwan"},
["xai"] = {"Kaimbé"},
["xaj"] = {"Ararandewára"},
["xak"] = {"Máku"},
["xal"] = {"Kalmyk", "Oirat"},
["xam"] = {"ǀXam"},
["xan"] = {"Xamtanga"},
["xao"] = {"Khao"},
["xap"] = {"Apalachee"},
["xaq"] = {"Aquitanian"},
["xar"] = {"Karami"},
["xas"] = {"Kamas"},
["xat"] = {"Katawixi"},
["xau"] = {"Kauwera"},
["xav"] = {"Xavánte"},
["xaw"] = {"Kawaiisu"},
["xay"] = {"Kayan Mahakam"},
["xbb"] = {"Lower Burdekin"},
["xbc"] = {"Bactrian"},
["xbd"] = {"Bindal"},
["xbe"] = {"Bigambal"},
["xbg"] = {"Bunganditj"},
["xbi"] = {"Kombio"},
["xbj"] = {"Birrpayi"},
["xbm"] = {"Middle Breton"},
["xbn"] = {"Kenaboi"},
["xbo"] = {"Bolgarian"},
["xbp"] = {"Bibbulman"},
["xbr"] = {"Kambera"},
["xbw"] = {"Kambiwá"},
["xby"] = {"Batjala", "Batyala"},
["xcb"] = {"Cumbric"},
["xcc"] = {"Camunic"},
["xce"] = {"Celtiberian"},
["xcg"] = {"Cisalpine Gaulish"},
["xch"] = {"Chemakum", "Chimakum"},
["xcl"] = {"Classical Armenian"},
["xcm"] = {"Comecrudo"},
["xcn"] = {"Cotoname"},
["xco"] = {"Chorasmian"},
["xcr"] = {"Carian"},
["xct"] = {"Classical Tibetan"},
["xcu"] = {"Curonian"},
["xcv"] = {"Chuvantsy"},
["xcw"] = {"Coahuilteco"},
["xcy"] = {"Cayuse"},
["xda"] = {"Darkinyung"},
["xdc"] = {"Dacian"},
["xdk"] = {"Dharuk"},
["xdm"] = {"Edomite"},
["xdo"] = {"Kwandu"},
["xdq"] = {"Kaitag"},
["xdy"] = {"Malayic Dayak"},
["xeb"] = {"Eblan"},
["xed"] = {"Hdi"},
["xeg"] = {"ǁXegwi"},
["xel"] = {"Kelo"},
["xem"] = {"Kembayan"},
["xep"] = {"Epi-Olmec"},
["xer"] = {"Xerénte"},
["xes"] = {"Kesawai"},
["xet"] = {"Xetá"},
["xeu"] = {"Keoru-Ahia"},
["xfa"] = {"Faliscan"},
["xga"] = {"Galatian"},
["xgb"] = {"Gbin"},
["xgd"] = {"Gudang"},
["xgf"] = {"Gabrielino-Fernandeño"},
["xgg"] = {"Goreng"},
["xgi"] = {"Garingbal"},
["xgl"] = {"Galindan"},
["xgm"] = {"Dharumbal", "Guwinmal"},
["xgn"] = {"Mongolian languages"},
["xgr"] = {"Garza"},
["xgu"] = {"Unggumi"},
["xgw"] = {"Guwa"},
["xha"] = {"Harami"},
["xhc"] = {"Hunnic"},
["xhd"] = {"Hadrami"},
["xhe"] = {"Khetrani"},
["xhm"] = {"Middle Khmer (1400 to 1850 CE)"},
["xhr"] = {"Hernican"},
["xht"] = {"Hattic"},
["xhu"] = {"Hurrian"},
["xhv"] = {"Khua"},
["xib"] = {"Iberian"},
["xii"] = {"Xiri"},
["xil"] = {"Illyrian"},
["xin"] = {"Xinca"},
["xir"] = {"Xiriâna"},
["xis"] = {"Kisan"},
["xiv"] = {"Indus Valley Language"},
["xiy"] = {"Xipaya"},
["xjb"] = {"Minjungbal"},
["xjt"] = {"Jaitmatang"},
["xka"] = {"Kalkoti"},
["xkb"] = {"Northern Nago"},
["xkc"] = {"Kho'ini"},
["xkd"] = {"Mendalam Kayan"},
["xke"] = {"Kereho"},
["xkf"] = {"Khengkha"},
["xkg"] = {"Kagoro"},
["xki"] = {"Kenyan Sign Language"},
["xkj"] = {"Kajali"},
["xkk"] = {"Kachok", "Kaco'"},
["xkl"] = {"Mainstream Kenyah"},
["xkn"] = {"Kayan River Kayan"},
["xko"] = {"Kiorr"},
["xkp"] = {"Kabatei"},
["xkq"] = {"Koroni"},
["xkr"] = {"Xakriabá"},
["xks"] = {"Kumbewaha"},
["xkt"] = {"Kantosi"},
["xku"] = {"Kaamba"},
["xkv"] = {"Kgalagadi"},
["xkw"] = {"Kembra"},
["xkx"] = {"Karore"},
["xky"] = {"Uma' Lasan"},
["xkz"] = {"Kurtokha"},
["xla"] = {"Kamula"},
["xlb"] = {"Loup B"},
["xlc"] = {"Lycian"},
["xld"] = {"Lydian"},
["xle"] = {"Lemnian"},
["xlg"] = {"Ligurian (Ancient)"},
["xli"] = {"Liburnian"},
["xln"] = {"Alanic"},
["xlo"] = {"Loup A"},
["xlp"] = {"Lepontic"},
["xls"] = {"Lusitanian"},
["xlu"] = {"Cuneiform Luwian"},
["xly"] = {"Elymian"},
["xma"] = {"Mushungulu"},
["xmb"] = {"Mbonga"},
["xmc"] = {"Makhuwa-Marrevone"},
["xmd"] = {"Mbudum"},
["xme"] = {"Median"},
["xmf"] = {"Mingrelian"},
["xmg"] = {"Mengaka"},
["xmh"] = {"Kugu-Muminh"},
["xmj"] = {"Majera"},
["xmk"] = {"Ancient Macedonian"},
["xml"] = {"Malaysian Sign Language"},
["xmm"] = {"Manado Malay"},
["xmn"] = {"Manichaean Middle Persian"},
["xmo"] = {"Morerebi"},
["xmp"] = {"Kuku-Mu'inh"},
["xmq"] = {"Kuku-Mangk"},
["xmr"] = {"Meroitic"},
["xms"] = {"Moroccan Sign Language"},
["xmt"] = {"Matbat"},
["xmu"] = {"Kamu"},
["xmv"] = {"Antankarana Malagasy", "Tankarana Malagasy"},
["xmw"] = {"Tsimihety Malagasy"},
["xmx"] = {"Salawati", "Maden"},
["xmy"] = {"Mayaguduna"},
["xmz"] = {"Mori Bawah"},
["xna"] = {"Ancient North Arabian"},
["xnb"] = {"Kanakanabu"},
["xnd"] = {"Na-Dene languages"},
["xng"] = {"Middle Mongolian"},
["xnh"] = {"Kuanhua"},
["xni"] = {"Ngarigu"},
["xnj"] = {"Ngoni (Tanzania)"},
["xnk"] = {"Nganakarti"},
["xnm"] = {"Ngumbarl"},
["xnn"] = {"Northern Kankanay"},
["xno"] = {"Anglo-Norman"},
["xnq"] = {"Ngoni (Mozambique)"},
["xnr"] = {"Kangri"},
["xns"] = {"Kanashi"},
["xnt"] = {"Narragansett"},
["xnu"] = {"Nukunul"},
["xny"] = {"Nyiyaparli"},
["xnz"] = {"Kenzi", "Mattoki"},
["xoc"] = {"O'chi'chi'"},
["xod"] = {"Kokoda"},
["xog"] = {"Soga"},
["xoi"] = {"Kominimung"},
["xok"] = {"Xokleng"},
["xom"] = {"Komo (Sudan)"},
["xon"] = {"Konkomba"},
["xoo"] = {"Xukurú"},
["xop"] = {"Kopar"},
["xor"] = {"Korubo"},
["xow"] = {"Kowaki"},
["xpa"] = {"Pirriya"},
["xpb"] = {"Northeastern Tasmanian", "Pyemmairrener"},
["xpc"] = {"Pecheneg"},
["xpd"] = {"Oyster Bay Tasmanian"},
["xpe"] = {"Liberia Kpelle"},
["xpf"] = {"Southeast Tasmanian", "Nuenonne"},
["xpg"] = {"Phrygian"},
["xph"] = {"North Midlands Tasmanian", "Tyerrenoterpanner"},
["xpi"] = {"Pictish"},
["xpj"] = {"Mpalitjanh"},
["xpk"] = {"Kulina Pano"},
["xpl"] = {"Port Sorell Tasmanian"},
["xpm"] = {"Pumpokol"},
["xpn"] = {"Kapinawá"},
["xpo"] = {"Pochutec"},
["xpp"] = {"Puyo-Paekche"},
["xpq"] = {"Mohegan-Pequot"},
["xpr"] = {"Parthian"},
["xps"] = {"Pisidian"},
["xpt"] = {"Punthamara"},
["xpu"] = {"Punic"},
["xpv"] = {"Northern Tasmanian", "Tommeginne"},
["xpw"] = {"Northwestern Tasmanian", "Peerapper"},
["xpx"] = {"Southwestern Tasmanian", "Toogee"},
["xpy"] = {"Puyo"},
["xpz"] = {"Bruny Island Tasmanian"},
["xqa"] = {"Karakhanid"},
["xqt"] = {"Qatabanian"},
["xra"] = {"Krahô"},
["xrb"] = {"Eastern Karaboro"},
["xrd"] = {"Gundungurra"},
["xre"] = {"Kreye"},
["xrg"] = {"Minang"},
["xri"] = {"Krikati-Timbira"},
["xrm"] = {"Armazic"},
["xrn"] = {"Arin"},
["xrr"] = {"Raetic"},
["xrt"] = {"Aranama-Tamique"},
["xru"] = {"Marriammu"},
["xrw"] = {"Karawa"},
["xsa"] = {"Sabaean"},
["xsb"] = {"Sambal"},
["xsc"] = {"Scythian"},
["xsd"] = {"Sidetic"},
["xse"] = {"Sempan"},
["xsh"] = {"Shamang"},
["xsi"] = {"Sio"},
["xsj"] = {"Subi"},
["xsl"] = {"South Slavey"},
["xsm"] = {"Kasem"},
["xsn"] = {"Sanga (Nigeria)"},
["xso"] = {"Solano"},
["xsp"] = {"Silopi"},
["xsq"] = {"Makhuwa-Saka"},
["xsr"] = {"Sherpa"},
["xsu"] = {"Sanumá"},
["xsv"] = {"Sudovian"},
["xsy"] = {"Saisiyat"},
["xta"] = {"Alcozauca Mixtec"},
["xtb"] = {"Chazumba Mixtec"},
["xtc"] = {"Katcha-Kadugli-Miri"},
["xtd"] = {"Diuxi-Tilantongo Mixtec"},
["xte"] = {"Ketengban"},
["xtg"] = {"Transalpine Gaulish"},
["xth"] = {"Yitha Yitha"},
["xti"] = {"Sinicahua Mixtec"},
["xtj"] = {"San Juan Teita Mixtec"},
["xtl"] = {"Tijaltepec Mixtec"},
["xtm"] = {"Magdalena Peñasco Mixtec"},
["xtn"] = {"Northern Tlaxiaco Mixtec"},
["xto"] = {"Tokharian A"},
["xtp"] = {"San Miguel Piedras Mixtec"},
["xtq"] = {"Tumshuqese"},
["xtr"] = {"Early Tripuri"},
["xts"] = {"Sindihui Mixtec"},
["xtt"] = {"Tacahua Mixtec"},
["xtu"] = {"Cuyamecalco Mixtec"},
["xtv"] = {"Thawa"},
["xtw"] = {"Tawandê"},
["xty"] = {"Yoloxochitl Mixtec"},
["xua"] = {"Alu Kurumba"},
["xub"] = {"Betta Kurumba"},
["xud"] = {"Umiida"},
["xug"] = {"Kunigami"},
["xuj"] = {"Jennu Kurumba"},
["xul"] = {"Ngunawal", "Nunukul"},
["xum"] = {"Umbrian"},
["xun"] = {"Unggaranggu"},
["xuo"] = {"Kuo"},
["xup"] = {"Upper Umpqua"},
["xur"] = {"Urartian"},
["xut"] = {"Kuthant"},
["xuu"] = {"Kxoe", "Khwedam"},
["xve"] = {"Venetic"},
["xvi"] = {"Kamviri"},
["xvn"] = {"Vandalic"},
["xvo"] = {"Volscian"},
["xvs"] = {"Vestinian"},
["xwa"] = {"Kwaza"},
["xwc"] = {"Woccon"},
["xwd"] = {"Wadi Wadi"},
["xwe"] = {"Xwela Gbe"},
["xwg"] = {"Kwegu"},
["xwj"] = {"Wajuk"},
["xwk"] = {"Wangkumara"},
["xwl"] = {"Western Xwla Gbe"},
["xwo"] = {"Written Oirat"},
["xwr"] = {"Kwerba Mamberamo"},
["xwt"] = {"Wotjobaluk"},
["xww"] = {"Wemba Wemba"},
["xxb"] = {"Boro (Ghana)"},
["xxk"] = {"Ke'o"},
["xxm"] = {"Minkin"},
["xxr"] = {"Koropó"},
["xxt"] = {"Tambora"},
["xya"] = {"Yaygir"},
["xyb"] = {"Yandjibara"},
["xyj"] = {"Mayi-Yapi"},
["xyk"] = {"Mayi-Kulan"},
["xyl"] = {"Yalakalore"},
["xyt"] = {"Mayi-Thakurti"},
["xyy"] = {"Yorta Yorta"},
["xzh"] = {"Zhang-Zhung"},
["xzm"] = {"Zemgalian"},
["xzp"] = {"Ancient Zapotec"},
["yaa"] = {"Yaminahua"},
["yab"] = {"Yuhup"},
["yac"] = {"Pass Valley Yali"},
["yad"] = {"Yagua"},
["yae"] = {"Pumé"},
["yaf"] = {"Yaka (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["yag"] = {"Yámana"},
["yah"] = {"Yazgulyam"},
["yai"] = {"Yagnobi"},
["yaj"] = {"Banda-Yangere"},
["yak"] = {"Yakama"},
["yal"] = {"Yalunka"},
["yam"] = {"Yamba"},
["yan"] = {"Mayangna"},
["yao"] = {"Yao"},
["yap"] = {"Yapese"},
["yaq"] = {"Yaqui"},
["yar"] = {"Yabarana"},
["yas"] = {"Nugunu (Cameroon)"},
["yat"] = {"Yambeta"},
["yau"] = {"Yuwana"},
["yav"] = {"Yangben"},
["yaw"] = {"Yawalapití"},
["yax"] = {"Yauma"},
["yay"] = {"Agwagwune"},
["yaz"] = {"Lokaa"},
["yba"] = {"Yala"},
["ybb"] = {"Yemba"},
["ybe"] = {"West Yugur"},
["ybh"] = {"Yakha"},
["ybi"] = {"Yamphu"},
["ybj"] = {"Hasha"},
["ybk"] = {"Bokha"},
["ybl"] = {"Yukuben"},
["ybm"] = {"Yaben"},
["ybn"] = {"Yabaâna"},
["ybo"] = {"Yabong"},
["ybx"] = {"Yawiyo"},
["yby"] = {"Yaweyuha"},
["ych"] = {"Chesu"},
["ycl"] = {"Lolopo"},
["ycn"] = {"Yucuna"},
["ycp"] = {"Chepya"},
["ycr"] = {"Yilan Creole"},
["yda"] = {"Yanda"},
["ydd"] = {"Eastern Yiddish"},
["yde"] = {"Yangum Dey"},
["ydg"] = {"Yidgha"},
["ydk"] = {"Yoidik"},
["yea"] = {"Ravula"},
["yec"] = {"Yeniche"},
["yee"] = {"Yimas"},
["yei"] = {"Yeni"},
["yej"] = {"Yevanic"},
["yel"] = {"Yela"},
["yer"] = {"Tarok"},
["yes"] = {"Nyankpa"},
["yet"] = {"Yetfa"},
["yeu"] = {"Yerukula"},
["yev"] = {"Yapunda"},
["yey"] = {"Yeyi"},
["yga"] = {"Malyangapa"},
["ygi"] = {"Yiningayi"},
["ygl"] = {"Yangum Gel"},
["ygm"] = {"Yagomi"},
["ygp"] = {"Gepo"},
["ygr"] = {"Yagaria"},
["ygs"] = {"Yolŋu Sign Language"},
["ygu"] = {"Yugul"},
["ygw"] = {"Yagwoia"},
["yha"] = {"Baha Buyang"},
["yhd"] = {"Judeo-Iraqi Arabic"},
["yhl"] = {"Hlepho Phowa"},
["yhs"] = {"Yan-nhaŋu Sign Language"},
["yia"] = {"Yinggarda"},
["yif"] = {"Ache"},
["yig"] = {"Wusa Nasu"},
["yih"] = {"Western Yiddish"},
["yii"] = {"Yidiny"},
["yij"] = {"Yindjibarndi"},
["yik"] = {"Dongshanba Lalo"},
["yil"] = {"Yindjilandji"},
["yim"] = {"Yimchungru Naga"},
["yin"] = {"Riang Lai", "Yinchia"},
["yip"] = {"Pholo"},
["yiq"] = {"Miqie"},
["yir"] = {"North Awyu"},
["yis"] = {"Yis"},
["yit"] = {"Eastern Lalu"},
["yiu"] = {"Awu"},
["yiv"] = {"Northern Nisu"},
["yix"] = {"Axi Yi"},
["yiz"] = {"Azhe"},
["yka"] = {"Yakan"},
["ykg"] = {"Northern Yukaghir"},
["ykh"] = {"Khamnigan Mongol"},
["yki"] = {"Yoke"},
["ykk"] = {"Yakaikeke"},
["ykl"] = {"Khlula"},
["ykm"] = {"Kap"},
["ykn"] = {"Kua-nsi"},
["yko"] = {"Iyasa", "Yasa"},
["ykr"] = {"Yekora"},
["ykt"] = {"Kathu"},
["yku"] = {"Kuamasi"},
["yky"] = {"Yakoma"},
["yla"] = {"Yaul"},
["ylb"] = {"Yaleba"},
["yle"] = {"Yele"},
["ylg"] = {"Yelogu"},
["yli"] = {"Angguruk Yali"},
["yll"] = {"Yil"},
["ylm"] = {"Limi"},
["yln"] = {"Langnian Buyang"},
["ylo"] = {"Naluo Yi"},
["ylr"] = {"Yalarnnga"},
["ylu"] = {"Aribwaung"},
["yly"] = {"Nyâlayu", "Nyelâyu"},
["ymb"] = {"Yambes"},
["ymc"] = {"Southern Muji"},
["ymd"] = {"Muda"},
["yme"] = {"Yameo"},
["ymg"] = {"Yamongeri"},
["ymh"] = {"Mili"},
["ymi"] = {"Moji"},
["ymk"] = {"Makwe"},
["yml"] = {"Iamalele"},
["ymm"] = {"Maay"},
["ymn"] = {"Yamna", "Sunum"},
["ymo"] = {"Yangum Mon"},
["ymp"] = {"Yamap"},
["ymq"] = {"Qila Muji"},
["ymr"] = {"Malasar"},
["yms"] = {"Mysian"},
["ymx"] = {"Northern Muji"},
["ymz"] = {"Muzi"},
["yna"] = {"Aluo"},
["ynb"] = {"Yamben"},
["ynd"] = {"Yandruwandha"},
["yne"] = {"Lang'e"},
["yng"] = {"Yango"},
["ynk"] = {"Naukan Yupik"},
["ynl"] = {"Yangulam"},
["ynn"] = {"Yana"},
["yno"] = {"Yong"},
["ynq"] = {"Yendang"},
["yns"] = {"Yansi"},
["ynu"] = {"Yahuna"},
["yob"] = {"Yoba"},
["yog"] = {"Yogad"},
["yoi"] = {"Yonaguni"},
["yok"] = {"Yokuts"},
["yom"] = {"Yombe"},
["yon"] = {"Yongkom"},
["yot"] = {"Yotti"},
["yox"] = {"Yoron"},
["yoy"] = {"Yoy"},
["ypa"] = {"Phala"},
["ypb"] = {"Labo Phowa"},
["ypg"] = {"Phola"},
["yph"] = {"Phupha"},
["ypk"] = {"Yupik languages"},
["ypm"] = {"Phuma"},
["ypn"] = {"Ani Phowa"},
["ypo"] = {"Alo Phola"},
["ypp"] = {"Phupa"},
["ypz"] = {"Phuza"},
["yra"] = {"Yerakai"},
["yrb"] = {"Yareba"},
["yre"] = {"Yaouré"},
["yrk"] = {"Nenets"},
["yrl"] = {"Nhengatu"},
["yrm"] = {"Yirrk-Mel"},
["yrn"] = {"Yerong"},
["yro"] = {"Yaroamë"},
["yrs"] = {"Yarsun"},
["yrw"] = {"Yarawata"},
["yry"] = {"Yarluyandi"},
["ysc"] = {"Yassic"},
["ysd"] = {"Samatao"},
["ysg"] = {"Sonaga"},
["ysl"] = {"Yugoslavian Sign Language"},
["ysm"] = {"Myanmar Sign Language"},
["ysn"] = {"Sani"},
["yso"] = {"Nisi (China)"},
["ysp"] = {"Southern Lolopo"},
["ysr"] = {"Sirenik Yupik"},
["yss"] = {"Yessan-Mayo"},
["ysy"] = {"Sanie"},
["yta"] = {"Talu"},
["ytl"] = {"Tanglang"},
["ytp"] = {"Thopho"},
["ytw"] = {"Yout Wam"},
["yty"] = {"Yatay"},
["yua"] = {"Yucateco", "Yucatec Maya"},
["yub"] = {"Yugambal"},
["yuc"] = {"Yuchi"},
["yud"] = {"Judeo-Tripolitanian Arabic"},
["yue"] = {"Yue Chinese", "Cantonese"},
["yuf"] = {"Havasupai-Walapai-Yavapai"},
["yug"] = {"Yug"},
["yui"] = {"Yurutí"},
["yuj"] = {"Karkar-Yuri"},
["yuk"] = {"Yuki"},
["yul"] = {"Yulu"},
["yum"] = {"Quechan"},
["yun"] = {"Bena (Nigeria)"},
["yup"] = {"Yukpa"},
["yuq"] = {"Yuqui"},
["yur"] = {"Yurok"},
["yut"] = {"Yopno"},
["yuw"] = {"Yau (Morobe Province)"},
["yux"] = {"Southern Yukaghir"},
["yuy"] = {"East Yugur"},
["yuz"] = {"Yuracare"},
["yva"] = {"Yawa"},
["yvt"] = {"Yavitero"},
["ywa"] = {"Kalou"},
["ywg"] = {"Yinhawangka"},
["ywl"] = {"Western Lalu"},
["ywn"] = {"Yawanawa"},
["ywq"] = {"Wuding-Luquan Yi"},
["ywr"] = {"Yawuru"},
["ywt"] = {"Xishanba Lalo", "Central Lalo"},
["ywu"] = {"Wumeng Nasu"},
["yww"] = {"Yawarawarga"},
["yxa"] = {"Mayawali"},
["yxg"] = {"Yagara"},
["yxl"] = {"Yardliyawarra"},
["yxm"] = {"Yinwum"},
["yxu"] = {"Yuyu"},
["yxy"] = {"Yabula Yabula"},
["yyr"] = {"Yir Yoront"},
["yyu"] = {"Yau (Sandaun Province)"},
["yyz"] = {"Ayizi"},
["yzg"] = {"E'ma Buyang"},
["yzk"] = {"Zokhuo"},
["zaa"] = {"Sierra de Juárez Zapotec"},
["zab"] = {"Western Tlacolula Valley Zapotec", "San Juan Guelavía Zapotec"},
["zac"] = {"Ocotlán Zapotec"},
["zad"] = {"Cajonos Zapotec"},
["zae"] = {"Yareni Zapotec"},
["zaf"] = {"Ayoquesco Zapotec"},
["zag"] = {"Zaghawa"},
["zah"] = {"Zangwal"},
["zai"] = {"Isthmus Zapotec"},
["zaj"] = {"Zaramo"},
["zak"] = {"Zanaki"},
["zal"] = {"Zauzou"},
["zam"] = {"Miahuatlán Zapotec"},
["zao"] = {"Ozolotepec Zapotec"},
["zap"] = {"Zapotec"},
["zaq"] = {"Aloápam Zapotec"},
["zar"] = {"Rincón Zapotec"},
["zas"] = {"Santo Domingo Albarradas Zapotec"},
["zat"] = {"Tabaa Zapotec"},
["zau"] = {"Zangskari"},
["zav"] = {"Yatzachi Zapotec"},
["zaw"] = {"Mitla Zapotec"},
["zax"] = {"Xadani Zapotec"},
["zay"] = {"Zayse-Zergulla", "Zaysete"},
["zaz"] = {"Zari"},
["zba"] = {"Balaibalan"},
["zbc"] = {"Central Berawan"},
["zbe"] = {"East Berawan"},
["zbl"] = {"Blissymbols", "Bliss", "Blissymbolics"},
["zbt"] = {"Batui"},
["zbu"] = {"Bu (Bauchi State)"},
["zbw"] = {"West Berawan"},
["zca"] = {"Coatecas Altas Zapotec"},
["zcd"] = {"Las Delicias Zapotec"},
["zch"] = {"Central Hongshuihe Zhuang"},
["zdj"] = {"Ngazidja Comorian"},
["zea"] = {"Zeeuws"},
["zeg"] = {"Zenag"},
["zeh"] = {"Eastern Hongshuihe Zhuang"},
["zem"] = {"Zeem"},
["zen"] = {"Zenaga"},
["zga"] = {"Kinga"},
["zgb"] = {"Guibei Zhuang"},
["zgh"] = {"Standard Moroccan Tamazight"},
["zgm"] = {"Minz Zhuang"},
["zgn"] = {"Guibian Zhuang"},
["zgr"] = {"Magori"},
["zhb"] = {"Zhaba"},
["zhd"] = {"Dai Zhuang"},
["zhi"] = {"Zhire"},
["zhk"] = {"Kurdish Sign Language"},
["zhn"] = {"Nong Zhuang"},
["zhw"] = {"Zhoa"},
["zhx"] = {"Chinese (family)"},
["zia"] = {"Zia"},
["zib"] = {"Zimbabwe Sign Language"},
["zik"] = {"Zimakani"},
["zil"] = {"Zialo"},
["zim"] = {"Mesme"},
["zin"] = {"Zinza"},
["ziw"] = {"Zigula"},
["ziz"] = {"Zizilivakan"},
["zka"] = {"Kaimbulawa"},
["zkd"] = {"Kadu"},
["zkg"] = {"Koguryo"},
["zkh"] = {"Khorezmian"},
["zkk"] = {"Karankawa"},
["zkn"] = {"Kanan"},
["zko"] = {"Kott"},
["zkp"] = {"São Paulo Kaingáng"},
["zkr"] = {"Zakhring"},
["zkt"] = {"Kitan"},
["zku"] = {"Kaurna"},
["zkv"] = {"Krevinian"},
["zkz"] = {"Khazar"},
["zla"] = {"Zula"},
["zle"] = {"East Slavic languages"},
["zlj"] = {"Liujiang Zhuang"},
["zlm"] = {"Malay (individual language)"},
["zln"] = {"Lianshan Zhuang"},
["zlq"] = {"Liuqian Zhuang"},
["zls"] = {"South Slavic languages"},
["zlu"] = {"Zul"},
["zlw"] = {"West Slavic languages"},
["zma"] = {"Manda (Australia)"},
["zmb"] = {"Zimba"},
["zmc"] = {"Margany"},
["zmd"] = {"Maridan"},
["zme"] = {"Mangerr"},
["zmf"] = {"Mfinu"},
["zmg"] = {"Marti Ke"},
["zmh"] = {"Makolkol"},
["zmi"] = {"Negeri Sembilan Malay"},
["zmj"] = {"Maridjabin"},
["zmk"] = {"Mandandanyi"},
["zml"] = {"Matngala"},
["zmm"] = {"Marimanindji", "Marramaninyshi"},
["zmn"] = {"Mbangwe"},
["zmo"] = {"Molo"},
["zmp"] = {"Mbuun"},
["zmq"] = {"Mituku"},
["zmr"] = {"Maranunggu"},
["zms"] = {"Mbesa"},
["zmt"] = {"Maringarr"},
["zmu"] = {"Muruwari"},
["zmv"] = {"Mbariman-Gudhinma"},
["zmw"] = {"Mbo (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["zmx"] = {"Bomitaba"},
["zmy"] = {"Mariyedi"},
["zmz"] = {"Mbandja"},
["zna"] = {"Zan Gula"},
["znd"] = {"Zande languages"},
["zne"] = {"Zande (individual language)"},
["zng"] = {"Mang"},
["znk"] = {"Manangkari"},
["zns"] = {"Mangas"},
["zoc"] = {"Copainalá Zoque"},
["zoh"] = {"Chimalapa Zoque"},
["zom"] = {"Zou"},
["zoo"] = {"Asunción Mixtepec Zapotec"},
["zoq"] = {"Tabasco Zoque"},
["zor"] = {"Rayón Zoque"},
["zos"] = {"Francisco León Zoque"},
["zpa"] = {"Lachiguiri Zapotec"},
["zpb"] = {"Yautepec Zapotec"},
["zpc"] = {"Choapan Zapotec"},
["zpd"] = {"Southeastern Ixtlán Zapotec"},
["zpe"] = {"Petapa Zapotec"},
["zpf"] = {"San Pedro Quiatoni Zapotec"},
["zpg"] = {"Guevea De Humboldt Zapotec"},
["zph"] = {"Totomachapan Zapotec"},
["zpi"] = {"Santa María Quiegolani Zapotec"},
["zpj"] = {"Quiavicuzas Zapotec"},
["zpk"] = {"Tlacolulita Zapotec"},
["zpl"] = {"Lachixío Zapotec"},
["zpm"] = {"Mixtepec Zapotec"},
["zpn"] = {"Santa Inés Yatzechi Zapotec"},
["zpo"] = {"Amatlán Zapotec"},
["zpp"] = {"El Alto Zapotec"},
["zpq"] = {"Zoogocho Zapotec"},
["zpr"] = {"Santiago Xanica Zapotec"},
["zps"] = {"Coatlán Zapotec"},
["zpt"] = {"San Vicente Coatlán Zapotec"},
["zpu"] = {"Yalálag Zapotec"},
["zpv"] = {"Chichicapan Zapotec"},
["zpw"] = {"Zaniza Zapotec"},
["zpx"] = {"San Baltazar Loxicha Zapotec"},
["zpy"] = {"Mazaltepec Zapotec"},
["zpz"] = {"Texmelucan Zapotec"},
["zqe"] = {"Qiubei Zhuang"},
["zra"] = {"Kara (Korea)"},
["zrg"] = {"Mirgan"},
["zrn"] = {"Zerenkel"},
["zro"] = {"Záparo"},
["zrp"] = {"Zarphatic"},
["zrs"] = {"Mairasi"},
["zsa"] = {"Sarasira"},
["zsk"] = {"Kaskean"},
["zsl"] = {"Zambian Sign Language"},
["zsm"] = {"Standard Malay"},
["zsr"] = {"Southern Rincon Zapotec"},
["zsu"] = {"Sukurum"},
["zte"] = {"Elotepec Zapotec"},
["ztg"] = {"Xanaguía Zapotec"},
["ztl"] = {"Lapaguía-Guivini Zapotec"},
["ztm"] = {"San Agustín Mixtepec Zapotec"},
["ztn"] = {"Santa Catarina Albarradas Zapotec"},
["ztp"] = {"Loxicha Zapotec"},
["ztq"] = {"Quioquitani-Quierí Zapotec"},
["zts"] = {"Tilquiapan Zapotec"},
["ztt"] = {"Tejalapan Zapotec"},
["ztu"] = {"Güilá Zapotec"},
["ztx"] = {"Zaachila Zapotec"},
["zty"] = {"Yatee Zapotec"},
["zuh"] = {"Tokano"},
["zum"] = {"Kumzari"},
["zun"] = {"Zuni"},
["zuy"] = {"Zumaya"},
["zwa"] = {"Zay"},
["zxx"] = {"No linguistic content", "Not applicable"},
["zyb"] = {"Yongbei Zhuang"},
["zyg"] = {"Yang Zhuang"},
["zyj"] = {"Youjiang Zhuang"},
["zyn"] = {"Yongnan Zhuang"},
["zyp"] = {"Zyphe Chin"},
["zza"] = {"Zaza", "Dimili", "Dimli (macrolanguage)", "Kirdki", "Kirmanjki (macrolanguage)", "Zazaki"},
["zzj"] = {"Zuojiang Zhuang"}
}
local deprecated = {
["bh"] = {"Bihari languages"},
["in"] = {"Indonesian"},
["iw"] = {"Hebrew"},
["ji"] = {"Yiddish"},
["jw"] = {"Javanese"},
["mo"] = {"Moldavian", "Moldovan"},
["aam"] = {"Aramanik"},
["adp"] = {"Adap"},
["agp"] = {"Paranan"},
["ais"] = {"Nataoran Amis"},
["ajp"] = {"South Levantine Arabic"},
["ajt"] = {"Judeo-Tunisian Arabic"},
["aoh"] = {"Arma"},
["asd"] = {"Asas"},
["aue"] = {"ǂKxʼauǁʼein"},
["ayx"] = {"Ayi (China)"},
["ayy"] = {"Tayabas Ayta"},
["baz"] = {"Tunen"},
["bbz"] = {"Babalia Creole Arabic"},
["bgm"] = {"Baga Mboteni"},
["bhk"] = {"Albay Bicolano"},
["bic"] = {"Bikaru"},
["bij"] = {"Vaghat-Ya-Bijim-Legeri"},
["bjd"] = {"Bandjigali"},
["bjq"] = {"Southern Betsimisaraka Malagasy"},
["bkb"] = {"Finallig"},
["blg"] = {"Balau"},
["bmy"] = {"Bemba (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["bpb"] = {"Barbacoas"},
["btb"] = {"Beti (Cameroon)"},
["btl"] = {"Bhatola"},
["bxx"] = {"Borna (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["byy"] = {"Buya"},
["cbe"] = {"Chipiajes"},
["cbh"] = {"Cagua"},
["cca"] = {"Cauca"},
["ccq"] = {"Chaungtha"},
["cdg"] = {"Chamari"},
["cjr"] = {"Chorotega"},
["cka"] = {"Khumi Awa Chin"},
["cmk"] = {"Chimakum"},
["coy"] = {"Coyaima"},
["cqu"] = {"Chilean Quechua"},
["cug"] = {"Chungmboko", "Cung"},
["cum"] = {"Cumeral"},
["daf"] = {"Dan"},
["dap"] = {"Nisi (India)"},
["dek"] = {"Dek"},
["dgu"] = {"Degaru"},
["dha"] = {"Dhanwar (India)"},
["dit"] = {"Dirari"},
["djl"] = {"Djiwarli"},
["dkl"] = {"Kolum So Dogon"},
["drh"] = {"Darkhat"},
["drr"] = {"Dororo"},
["drw"] = {"Darwazi"},
["dud"] = {"Hun-Saare"},
["duj"] = {"Dhuwal"},
["dwl"] = {"Walo Kumbe Dogon"},
["ekc"] = {"Eastern Karnic"},
["elp"] = {"Elpaputih"},
["emo"] = {"Emok"},
["gav"] = {"Gabutamon"},
["gbc"] = {"Garawa"},
["gfx"] = {"Mangetti Dune ǃXung"},
["ggn"] = {"Eastern Gurung"},
["ggo"] = {"Southern Gondi"},
["ggr"] = {"Aghu Tharnggalu"},
["gio"] = {"Gelao"},
["gji"] = {"Geji"},
["gli"] = {"Guliguli"},
["gti"] = {"Gbati-ri"},
["guv"] = {"Gey"},
["hrr"] = {"Horuru"},
["iap"] = {"Iapama"},
["ibi"] = {"Ibilo"},
["ill"] = {"Iranun"},
["ilw"] = {"Talur"},
["ime"] = {"Imeraguen"},
["izi"] = {"Izi-Ezaa-Ikwo-Mgbo"},
["jar"] = {"Jarawa (Nigeria)"},
["jeg"] = {"Jeng"},
["kbf"] = {"Kakauhua"},
["kdv"] = {"Kado"},
["kgc"] = {"Kasseng"},
["kgd"] = {"Kataang"},
["kgh"] = {"Upper Tanudan Kalinga"},
["kgm"] = {"Karipúna"},
["kjf"] = {"Khalaj [Indo-Iranian]"},
["koj"] = {"Sara Dunjo"},
["kox"] = {"Coxima"},
["kpp"] = {"Paku Karen"},
["krm"] = {"Krim"},
["ksa"] = {"Shuwa-Zamani"},
["ktr"] = {"Kota Marudu Tinagas"},
["kvs"] = {"Kunggara"},
["kwq"] = {"Kwak"},
["kxe"] = {"Kakihum"},
["kxl"] = {"Nepali Kurux"},
["kxu"] = {"Kui (India)"},
["kzh"] = {"Kenuzi-Dongola"},
["kzj"] = {"Coastal Kadazan"},
["kzt"] = {"Tambunan Dusun"},
["lak"] = {"Laka (Nigeria)"},
["lba"] = {"Lui"},
["leg"] = {"Lengua"},
["lii"] = {"Lingkhim"},
["llo"] = {"Khlor"},
["lmm"] = {"Lamam"},
["lmz"] = {"Lumbee"},
["lno"] = {"Lango (South Sudan)"},
["lsg"] = {"Lyons Sign Language"},
["meg"] = {"Mea"},
["mgx"] = {"Omati"},
["mhh"] = {"Maskoy Pidgin"},
["mja"] = {"Mahei"},
["mld"] = {"Malakhel"},
["mnt"] = {"Maykulan"},
["mof"] = {"Mohegan-Montauk-Narragansett"},
["mst"] = {"Cataelano Mandaya"},
["mvm"] = {"Muya"},
["mwd"] = {"Mudbura"},
["mwj"] = {"Maligo"},
["mwx"] = {"Mediak"},
["mwy"] = {"Mosiro"},
["myd"] = {"Maramba"},
["myi"] = {"Mina (India)"},
["myq"] = {"Forest Maninka"},
["myt"] = {"Sangab Mandaya"},
["nad"] = {"Nijadali"},
["nbf"] = {"Naxi"},
["nbx"] = {"Ngura"},
["ncp"] = {"Ndaktup"},
["ngo"] = {"Ngoni"},
["nln"] = {"Durango Nahuatl"},
["nlr"] = {"Ngarla"},
["nns"] = {"Ningye"},
["nnx"] = {"Ngong"},
["nom"] = {"Nocamán"},
["noo"] = {"Nootka"},
["nte"] = {"Nathembo"},
["nts"] = {"Natagaimas"},
["nxu"] = {"Narau"},
["ome"] = {"Omejes"},
["oun"] = {"ǃOǃung"},
["pat"] = {"Papitalai"},
["pbz"] = {"Palu"},
["pcr"] = {"Panang"},
["pgy"] = {"Pongyong"},
["pii"] = {"Pini"},
["plj"] = {"Polci"},
["plp"] = {"Palpa"},
["pmc"] = {"Palumata"},
["pmk"] = {"Pamlico"},
["pmu"] = {"Mirpur Panjabi"},
["pod"] = {"Ponares"},
["ppa"] = {"Pao"},
["ppr"] = {"Piru"},
["prb"] = {"Lua'"},
["prp"] = {"Parsi"},
["pry"] = {"Pray 3"},
["puk"] = {"Pu Ko"},
["puz"] = {"Purum Naga"},
["rie"] = {"Rien"},
["rmr"] = {"Caló"},
["rna"] = {"Runa"},
["rsi"] = {"Rennellese Sign Language"},
["sap"] = {"Sanapaná"},
["sca"] = {"Sansu"},
["sdm"] = {"Semandang"},
["sgl"] = {"Sanglechi-Ishkashimi"},
["sgo"] = {"Songa"},
["skk"] = {"Sok"},
["slq"] = {"Salchuq"},
["smd"] = {"Sama"},
["snb"] = {"Sebuyau"},
["snh"] = {"Shinabo"},
["sul"] = {"Surigaonon"},
["sum"] = {"Sumo-Mayangna"},
["svr"] = {"Savara"},
["szd"] = {"Seru"},
["tbb"] = {"Tapeba"},
["tdu"] = {"Tempasuk Dusun"},
["tgg"] = {"Tangga"},
["thc"] = {"Tai Hang Tong"},
["thw"] = {"Thudam"},
["thx"] = {"The"},
["tid"] = {"Tidong"},
["tie"] = {"Tingal"},
["tkk"] = {"Takpa"},
["tlw"] = {"South Wemale"},
["tmk"] = {"Northwestern Tamang"},
["tmp"] = {"Tai Mène"},
["tne"] = {"Tinoc Kallahan"},
["tnf"] = {"Tangshewi"},
["toe"] = {"Tomedes"},
["tpw"] = {"Tupí"},
["tsf"] = {"Southwestern Tamang"},
["unp"] = {"Worora"},
["uok"] = {"Uokha"},
["uun"] = {"Kulon-Pazeh"},
["vki"] = {"Ija-Zuba"},
["wgw"] = {"Wagawaga"},
["wit"] = {"Wintu"},
["wiw"] = {"Wirangu"},
["wra"] = {"Warapu"},
["wrd"] = {"Warduji"},
["wya"] = {"Wyandot"},
["xba"] = {"Kamba (Brazil)"},
["xbx"] = {"Kabixí"},
["xia"] = {"Xiandao"},
["xip"] = {"Xipináwa"},
["xkh"] = {"Karahawyana"},
["xrq"] = {"Karranga"},
["xss"] = {"Assan"},
["xtz"] = {"Tasmanian"},
["ybd"] = {"Yangbye"},
["yds"] = {"Yiddish Sign Language"},
["yen"] = {"Yendang"},
["yiy"] = {"Yir Yoront"},
["yma"] = {"Yamphe"},
["ymt"] = {"Mator-Taygi-Karagas"},
["ynh"] = {"Yangho"},
["yol"] = {"Yola"},
["yos"] = {"Yos"},
["yri"] = {"Yarí"},
["yuu"] = {"Yugh"},
["zir"] = {"Ziriya"},
["zkb"] = {"Koibal"},
["zua"] = {"Zeem"}
}
return {
active = active,
deprecated = deprecated,
}
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೧ revisions imported from [[:en:Module:Lang/data/iana_languages]]
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text/plain
-- File-Date: 2026-06-14
local active = {
["aa"] = {"Afar"},
["ab"] = {"Abkhazian"},
["ae"] = {"Avestan"},
["af"] = {"Afrikaans"},
["ak"] = {"Akan"},
["am"] = {"Amharic"},
["an"] = {"Aragonese"},
["ar"] = {"Arabic"},
["as"] = {"Assamese"},
["av"] = {"Avaric"},
["ay"] = {"Aymara"},
["az"] = {"Azerbaijani"},
["ba"] = {"Bashkir"},
["be"] = {"Belarusian"},
["bg"] = {"Bulgarian"},
["bi"] = {"Bislama"},
["bm"] = {"Bambara"},
["bn"] = {"Bengali", "Bangla"},
["bo"] = {"Tibetan"},
["br"] = {"Breton"},
["bs"] = {"Bosnian"},
["ca"] = {"Catalan", "Valencian"},
["ce"] = {"Chechen"},
["ch"] = {"Chamorro"},
["co"] = {"Corsican"},
["cr"] = {"Cree"},
["cs"] = {"Czech"},
["cu"] = {"Church Slavic", "Church Slavonic", "Old Bulgarian", "Old Church Slavonic", "Old Slavonic"},
["cv"] = {"Chuvash"},
["cy"] = {"Welsh"},
["da"] = {"Danish"},
["de"] = {"German"},
["dv"] = {"Dhivehi", "Divehi", "Maldivian"},
["dz"] = {"Dzongkha"},
["ee"] = {"Ewe"},
["el"] = {"Modern Greek (1453-)"},
["en"] = {"English"},
["eo"] = {"Esperanto"},
["es"] = {"Spanish", "Castilian"},
["et"] = {"Estonian"},
["eu"] = {"Basque"},
["fa"] = {"Persian"},
["ff"] = {"Fulah"},
["fi"] = {"Finnish"},
["fj"] = {"Fijian"},
["fo"] = {"Faroese"},
["fr"] = {"French"},
["fy"] = {"Western Frisian"},
["ga"] = {"Irish"},
["gd"] = {"Scottish Gaelic", "Gaelic"},
["gl"] = {"Galician"},
["gn"] = {"Guarani"},
["gu"] = {"Gujarati"},
["gv"] = {"Manx"},
["ha"] = {"Hausa"},
["he"] = {"Hebrew"},
["hi"] = {"Hindi"},
["ho"] = {"Hiri Motu"},
["hr"] = {"Croatian"},
["ht"] = {"Haitian", "Haitian Creole"},
["hu"] = {"Hungarian"},
["hy"] = {"Armenian"},
["hz"] = {"Herero"},
["ia"] = {"Interlingua (IALA)", "Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association)"},
["id"] = {"Indonesian"},
["ie"] = {"Interlingue", "Occidental"},
["ig"] = {"Igbo"},
["ii"] = {"Sichuan Yi", "Nuosu"},
["ik"] = {"Inupiaq"},
["io"] = {"Ido"},
["is"] = {"Icelandic"},
["it"] = {"Italian"},
["iu"] = {"Inuktitut"},
["ja"] = {"Japanese"},
["jv"] = {"Javanese"},
["ka"] = {"Georgian"},
["kg"] = {"Kongo"},
["ki"] = {"Kikuyu", "Gikuyu"},
["kj"] = {"Kuanyama", "Kwanyama"},
["kk"] = {"Kazakh"},
["kl"] = {"Kalaallisut", "Greenlandic"},
["km"] = {"Khmer", "Central Khmer"},
["kn"] = {"Kannada"},
["ko"] = {"Korean"},
["kr"] = {"Kanuri"},
["ks"] = {"Kashmiri"},
["ku"] = {"Kurdish"},
["kv"] = {"Komi"},
["kw"] = {"Cornish"},
["ky"] = {"Kirghiz", "Kyrgyz"},
["la"] = {"Latin"},
["lb"] = {"Luxembourgish", "Letzeburgesch"},
["lg"] = {"Ganda", "Luganda"},
["li"] = {"Limburgan", "Limburger", "Limburgish"},
["ln"] = {"Lingala"},
["lo"] = {"Lao"},
["lt"] = {"Lithuanian"},
["lu"] = {"Luba-Katanga"},
["lv"] = {"Latvian"},
["mg"] = {"Malagasy"},
["mh"] = {"Marshallese"},
["mi"] = {"Maori"},
["mk"] = {"Macedonian"},
["ml"] = {"Malayalam"},
["mn"] = {"Mongolian"},
["mr"] = {"Marathi"},
["ms"] = {"Malay (macrolanguage)"},
["mt"] = {"Maltese"},
["my"] = {"Burmese"},
["na"] = {"Nauru"},
["nb"] = {"Norwegian Bokmål"},
["nd"] = {"North Ndebele"},
["ne"] = {"Nepali (macrolanguage)"},
["ng"] = {"Ndonga"},
["nl"] = {"Dutch", "Flemish"},
["nn"] = {"Norwegian Nynorsk"},
["no"] = {"Norwegian"},
["nr"] = {"South Ndebele"},
["nv"] = {"Navajo", "Navaho"},
["ny"] = {"Chichewa", "Chewa", "Nyanja"},
["oc"] = {"Occitan (post 1500)"},
["oj"] = {"Ojibwa"},
["om"] = {"Oromo"},
["or"] = {"Oriya (macrolanguage)", "Odia (macrolanguage)"},
["os"] = {"Iron Ossetic", "Iron", "Iron Ossetian", "Ossetian", "Ossetic"},
["pa"] = {"Panjabi", "Punjabi"},
["pi"] = {"Pali"},
["pl"] = {"Polish"},
["ps"] = {"Pushto", "Pashto"},
["pt"] = {"Portuguese"},
["qu"] = {"Quechua"},
["rm"] = {"Romansh"},
["rn"] = {"Rundi"},
["ro"] = {"Romanian", "Moldavian", "Moldovan"},
["ru"] = {"Russian"},
["rw"] = {"Kinyarwanda"},
["sa"] = {"Sanskrit"},
["sc"] = {"Sardinian"},
["sd"] = {"Sindhi"},
["se"] = {"Northern Sami"},
["sg"] = {"Sango"},
["sh"] = {"Serbo-Croatian"},
["si"] = {"Sinhala", "Sinhalese"},
["sk"] = {"Slovak"},
["sl"] = {"Slovenian"},
["sm"] = {"Samoan"},
["sn"] = {"Shona"},
["so"] = {"Somali"},
["sq"] = {"Albanian"},
["sr"] = {"Serbian"},
["ss"] = {"Swati"},
["st"] = {"Southern Sotho"},
["su"] = {"Sundanese"},
["sv"] = {"Swedish"},
["sw"] = {"Swahili (macrolanguage)"},
["ta"] = {"Tamil"},
["te"] = {"Telugu"},
["tg"] = {"Tajik"},
["th"] = {"Thai"},
["ti"] = {"Tigrinya"},
["tk"] = {"Turkmen"},
["tl"] = {"Tagalog"},
["tn"] = {"Tswana"},
["to"] = {"Tonga (Tonga Islands)"},
["tr"] = {"Turkish"},
["ts"] = {"Tsonga"},
["tt"] = {"Tatar"},
["tw"] = {"Twi"},
["ty"] = {"Tahitian"},
["ug"] = {"Uighur", "Uyghur"},
["uk"] = {"Ukrainian"},
["ur"] = {"Urdu"},
["uz"] = {"Uzbek"},
["ve"] = {"Venda"},
["vi"] = {"Vietnamese"},
["vo"] = {"Volapük"},
["wa"] = {"Walloon"},
["wo"] = {"Wolof"},
["xh"] = {"Xhosa"},
["yi"] = {"Yiddish"},
["yo"] = {"Yoruba"},
["za"] = {"Zhuang", "Chuang"},
["zh"] = {"Chinese"},
["zu"] = {"Zulu"},
["aaa"] = {"Ghotuo"},
["aab"] = {"Alumu-Tesu"},
["aac"] = {"Ari"},
["aad"] = {"Amal"},
["aae"] = {"Arbëreshë Albanian"},
["aaf"] = {"Aranadan"},
["aag"] = {"Ambrak"},
["aah"] = {"Abu' Arapesh"},
["aai"] = {"Arifama-Miniafia"},
["aak"] = {"Ankave"},
["aal"] = {"Afade"},
["aan"] = {"Anambé"},
["aao"] = {"Algerian Saharan Arabic"},
["aap"] = {"Pará Arára"},
["aaq"] = {"Eastern Abnaki"},
["aas"] = {"Aasáx"},
["aat"] = {"Arvanitika Albanian"},
["aau"] = {"Abau"},
["aav"] = {"Austro-Asiatic languages"},
["aaw"] = {"Solong"},
["aax"] = {"Mandobo Atas"},
["aaz"] = {"Amarasi"},
["aba"] = {"Abé"},
["abb"] = {"Bankon"},
["abc"] = {"Ambala Ayta"},
["abd"] = {"Manide"},
["abe"] = {"Western Abnaki"},
["abf"] = {"Abai Sungai"},
["abg"] = {"Abaga"},
["abh"] = {"Tajiki Arabic"},
["abi"] = {"Abidji"},
["abj"] = {"Aka-Bea"},
["abl"] = {"Lampung Nyo"},
["abm"] = {"Abanyom"},
["abn"] = {"Abua"},
["abo"] = {"Abon"},
["abp"] = {"Abellen Ayta"},
["abq"] = {"Abaza"},
["abr"] = {"Abron"},
["abs"] = {"Ambonese Malay"},
["abt"] = {"Ambulas"},
["abu"] = {"Abure"},
["abv"] = {"Baharna Arabic"},
["abw"] = {"Pal"},
["abx"] = {"Inabaknon"},
["aby"] = {"Aneme Wake"},
["abz"] = {"Abui"},
["aca"] = {"Achagua"},
["acb"] = {"Áncá"},
["acd"] = {"Gikyode"},
["ace"] = {"Achinese"},
["acf"] = {"Saint Lucian Creole French"},
["ach"] = {"Acoli"},
["aci"] = {"Aka-Cari"},
["ack"] = {"Aka-Kora"},
["acl"] = {"Akar-Bale"},
["acm"] = {"Mesopotamian Arabic"},
["acn"] = {"Achang"},
["acp"] = {"Eastern Acipa"},
["acq"] = {"Ta'izzi-Adeni Arabic"},
["acr"] = {"Achi"},
["acs"] = {"Acroá"},
["act"] = {"Achterhoeks"},
["acu"] = {"Achuar-Shiwiar"},
["acv"] = {"Achumawi"},
["acw"] = {"Hijazi Arabic"},
["acx"] = {"Omani Arabic"},
["acy"] = {"Cypriot Arabic"},
["acz"] = {"Acheron"},
["ada"] = {"Adangme"},
["adb"] = {"Atauran"},
["add"] = {"Lidzonka", "Dzodinka"},
["ade"] = {"Adele"},
["adf"] = {"Dhofari Arabic"},
["adg"] = {"Andegerebinha"},
["adh"] = {"Adhola"},
["adi"] = {"Adi"},
["adj"] = {"Adioukrou"},
["adl"] = {"Galo"},
["adn"] = {"Adang"},
["ado"] = {"Abu"},
["adq"] = {"Adangbe"},
["adr"] = {"Adonara"},
["ads"] = {"Adamorobe Sign Language"},
["adt"] = {"Adnyamathanha"},
["adu"] = {"Aduge"},
["adw"] = {"Amundava"},
["adx"] = {"Amdo Tibetan"},
["ady"] = {"Adyghe", "Adygei"},
["adz"] = {"Adzera"},
["aea"] = {"Areba"},
["aeb"] = {"Tunisian Arabic"},
["aec"] = {"Saidi Arabic"},
["aed"] = {"Argentine Sign Language"},
["aee"] = {"Northeast Pashai", "Northeast Pashayi"},
["aek"] = {"Haeke"},
["ael"] = {"Ambele"},
["aem"] = {"Arem"},
["aen"] = {"Armenian Sign Language"},
["aeq"] = {"Aer"},
["aer"] = {"Eastern Arrernte"},
["aes"] = {"Alsea"},
["aeu"] = {"Akeu"},
["aew"] = {"Ambakich"},
["aey"] = {"Amele"},
["aez"] = {"Aeka"},
["afa"] = {"Afro-Asiatic languages"},
["afb"] = {"Gulf Arabic"},
["afd"] = {"Andai"},
["afe"] = {"Putukwam"},
["afg"] = {"Afghan Sign Language"},
["afh"] = {"Afrihili"},
["afi"] = {"Akrukay", "Chini"},
["afk"] = {"Nanubae"},
["afn"] = {"Defaka"},
["afo"] = {"Eloyi"},
["afp"] = {"Tapei"},
["afs"] = {"Afro-Seminole Creole"},
["aft"] = {"Afitti"},
["afu"] = {"Awutu"},
["afz"] = {"Obokuitai"},
["aga"] = {"Aguano"},
["agb"] = {"Legbo"},
["agc"] = {"Agatu"},
["agd"] = {"Agarabi"},
["age"] = {"Angal"},
["agf"] = {"Arguni"},
["agg"] = {"Angor"},
["agh"] = {"Ngelima"},
["agi"] = {"Agariya"},
["agj"] = {"Argobba"},
["agk"] = {"Isarog Agta"},
["agl"] = {"Fembe"},
["agm"] = {"Angaataha"},
["agn"] = {"Agutaynen"},
["ago"] = {"Tainae"},
["agq"] = {"Aghem"},
["agr"] = {"Aguaruna"},
["ags"] = {"Esimbi"},
["agt"] = {"Central Cagayan Agta"},
["agu"] = {"Aguacateco"},
["agv"] = {"Remontado Dumagat"},
["agw"] = {"Kahua"},
["agx"] = {"Aghul"},
["agy"] = {"Southern Alta"},
["agz"] = {"Mt. Iriga Agta"},
["aha"] = {"Ahanta"},
["ahb"] = {"Axamb"},
["ahg"] = {"Qimant"},
["ahh"] = {"Aghu"},
["ahi"] = {"Tiagbamrin Aizi"},
["ahk"] = {"Akha"},
["ahl"] = {"Igo"},
["ahm"] = {"Mobumrin Aizi"},
["ahn"] = {"Àhàn"},
["aho"] = {"Ahom"},
["ahp"] = {"Aproumu Aizi"},
["ahr"] = {"Ahirani"},
["ahs"] = {"Ashe"},
["aht"] = {"Ahtena"},
["aia"] = {"Arosi"},
["aib"] = {"Ainu (China)"},
["aic"] = {"Ainbai"},
["aid"] = {"Alngith"},
["aie"] = {"Amara"},
["aif"] = {"Agi"},
["aig"] = {"Antigua and Barbuda Creole English"},
["aih"] = {"Ai-Cham"},
["aii"] = {"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic"},
["aij"] = {"Lishanid Noshan"},
["aik"] = {"Ake"},
["ail"] = {"Aimele"},
["aim"] = {"Aimol"},
["ain"] = {"Ainu (Japan)"},
["aio"] = {"Aiton"},
["aip"] = {"Burumakok"},
["aiq"] = {"Aimaq"},
["air"] = {"Airoran"},
["ait"] = {"Arikem"},
["aiw"] = {"Aari"},
["aix"] = {"Aighon"},
["aiy"] = {"Ali"},
["aja"] = {"Aja (South Sudan)"},
["ajg"] = {"Aja (Benin)"},
["aji"] = {"Ajië"},
["ajn"] = {"Andajin"},
["ajs"] = {"Algerian Jewish Sign Language"},
["aju"] = {"Judeo-Moroccan Arabic"},
["ajw"] = {"Ajawa"},
["ajz"] = {"Amri Karbi"},
["akb"] = {"Batak Angkola"},
["akc"] = {"Mpur"},
["akd"] = {"Ukpet-Ehom"},
["ake"] = {"Akawaio"},
["akf"] = {"Akpa"},
["akg"] = {"Anakalangu"},
["akh"] = {"Angal Heneng"},
["aki"] = {"Aiome"},
["akj"] = {"Aka-Jeru"},
["akk"] = {"Akkadian"},
["akl"] = {"Aklanon"},
["akm"] = {"Aka-Bo"},
["ako"] = {"Akurio"},
["akp"] = {"Siwu"},
["akq"] = {"Ak"},
["akr"] = {"Araki"},
["aks"] = {"Akaselem"},
["akt"] = {"Akolet"},
["aku"] = {"Akum"},
["akv"] = {"Akhvakh"},
["akw"] = {"Akwa"},
["akx"] = {"Aka-Kede"},
["aky"] = {"Aka-Kol"},
["akz"] = {"Alabama"},
["ala"] = {"Alago"},
["alc"] = {"Qawasqar"},
["ald"] = {"Alladian"},
["ale"] = {"Aleut"},
["alf"] = {"Alege"},
["alg"] = {"Algonquian languages"},
["alh"] = {"Alawa"},
["ali"] = {"Amaimon"},
["alj"] = {"Alangan"},
["alk"] = {"Alak"},
["all"] = {"Allar"},
["alm"] = {"Amblong"},
["aln"] = {"Gheg Albanian"},
["alo"] = {"Larike-Wakasihu"},
["alp"] = {"Alune"},
["alq"] = {"Algonquin"},
["alr"] = {"Alutor"},
["als"] = {"Tosk Albanian"},
["alt"] = {"Southern Altai"},
["alu"] = {"'Are'are"},
["alv"] = {"Atlantic-Congo languages"},
["alw"] = {"Alaba-K’abeena", "Wanbasana"},
["alx"] = {"Amol"},
["aly"] = {"Alyawarr"},
["alz"] = {"Alur"},
["ama"] = {"Amanayé"},
["amb"] = {"Ambo"},
["amc"] = {"Amahuaca"},
["ame"] = {"Yanesha'"},
["amf"] = {"Hamer-Banna"},
["amg"] = {"Amurdak"},
["ami"] = {"Amis"},
["amj"] = {"Amdang"},
["amk"] = {"Ambai"},
["aml"] = {"War-Jaintia"},
["amm"] = {"Ama (Papua New Guinea)"},
["amn"] = {"Amanab"},
["amo"] = {"Amo"},
["amp"] = {"Alamblak"},
["amq"] = {"Amahai"},
["amr"] = {"Amarakaeri"},
["ams"] = {"Southern Amami-Oshima"},
["amt"] = {"Amto"},
["amu"] = {"Guerrero Amuzgo"},
["amv"] = {"Ambelau"},
["amw"] = {"Western Neo-Aramaic"},
["amx"] = {"Anmatyerre"},
["amy"] = {"Ami"},
["amz"] = {"Atampaya"},
["ana"] = {"Andaqui"},
["anb"] = {"Andoa"},
["anc"] = {"Ngas"},
["and"] = {"Ansus"},
["ane"] = {"Xârâcùù"},
["anf"] = {"Animere"},
["ang"] = {"Old English (ca. 450-1100)"},
["anh"] = {"Nend"},
["ani"] = {"Andi"},
["anj"] = {"Anor"},
["ank"] = {"Goemai"},
["anl"] = {"Anu-Hkongso Chin"},
["anm"] = {"Anal"},
["ann"] = {"Obolo"},
["ano"] = {"Andoque"},
["anp"] = {"Angika"},
["anq"] = {"Jarawa (India)"},
["anr"] = {"Andh"},
["ans"] = {"Anserma"},
["ant"] = {"Antakarinya", "Antikarinya"},
["anu"] = {"Anuak"},
["anv"] = {"Denya"},
["anw"] = {"Anaang"},
["anx"] = {"Andra-Hus"},
["any"] = {"Anyin"},
["anz"] = {"Anem"},
["aoa"] = {"Angolar"},
["aob"] = {"Abom"},
["aoc"] = {"Pemon"},
["aod"] = {"Andarum"},
["aoe"] = {"Angal Enen"},
["aof"] = {"Bragat"},
["aog"] = {"Angoram"},
["aoi"] = {"Anindilyakwa"},
["aoj"] = {"Mufian"},
["aok"] = {"Arhö"},
["aol"] = {"Alor"},
["aom"] = {"Ömie"},
["aon"] = {"Bumbita Arapesh"},
["aor"] = {"Aore"},
["aos"] = {"Taikat"},
["aot"] = {"Atong (India)", "A'tong"},
["aou"] = {"A'ou"},
["aox"] = {"Atorada"},
["aoz"] = {"Uab Meto"},
["apa"] = {"Apache languages"},
["apb"] = {"Sa'a"},
["apc"] = {"Levantine Arabic"},
["apd"] = {"Sudanese Arabic"},
["ape"] = {"Bukiyip"},
["apf"] = {"Pahanan Agta"},
["apg"] = {"Ampanang"},
["aph"] = {"Athpariya"},
["api"] = {"Apiaká"},
["apj"] = {"Jicarilla Apache"},
["apk"] = {"Kiowa Apache"},
["apl"] = {"Lipan Apache"},
["apm"] = {"Mescalero-Chiricahua Apache"},
["apn"] = {"Apinayé"},
["apo"] = {"Ambul"},
["app"] = {"Apma"},
["apq"] = {"A-Pucikwar"},
["apr"] = {"Arop-Lokep"},
["aps"] = {"Arop-Sissano"},
["apt"] = {"Apatani"},
["apu"] = {"Apurinã"},
["apv"] = {"Alapmunte"},
["apw"] = {"Western Apache"},
["apx"] = {"Aputai"},
["apy"] = {"Apalaí"},
["apz"] = {"Safeyoka"},
["aqa"] = {"Alacalufan languages"},
["aqc"] = {"Archi"},
["aqd"] = {"Ampari Dogon"},
["aqg"] = {"Arigidi"},
["aqk"] = {"Aninka"},
["aql"] = {"Algic languages"},
["aqm"] = {"Atohwaim"},
["aqn"] = {"Northern Alta"},
["aqp"] = {"Atakapa"},
["aqr"] = {"Arhâ"},
["aqt"] = {"Angaité"},
["aqz"] = {"Akuntsu"},
["arb"] = {"Standard Arabic"},
["arc"] = {"Official Aramaic (700-300 BCE)", "Imperial Aramaic (700-300 BCE)"},
["ard"] = {"Arabana"},
["are"] = {"Western Arrarnta"},
["arh"] = {"Arhuaco"},
["ari"] = {"Arikara"},
["arj"] = {"Arapaso"},
["ark"] = {"Arikapú"},
["arl"] = {"Arabela"},
["arn"] = {"Mapudungun", "Mapuche"},
["aro"] = {"Araona"},
["arp"] = {"Arapaho"},
["arq"] = {"Algerian Arabic"},
["arr"] = {"Karo (Brazil)"},
["ars"] = {"Najdi Arabic"},
["art"] = {"Artificial languages"},
["aru"] = {"Aruá (Amazonas State)", "Arawá"},
["arv"] = {"Arbore"},
["arw"] = {"Arawak"},
["arx"] = {"Aruá (Rodonia State)"},
["ary"] = {"Moroccan Arabic"},
["arz"] = {"Egyptian Arabic"},
["asa"] = {"Asu (Tanzania)"},
["asb"] = {"Assiniboine", "Nakoda Assiniboine"},
["asc"] = {"Casuarina Coast Asmat"},
["ase"] = {"American Sign Language"},
["asf"] = {"Auslan", "Australian Sign Language"},
["asg"] = {"Cishingini"},
["ash"] = {"Abishira"},
["asi"] = {"Buruwai"},
["asj"] = {"Sari"},
["ask"] = {"Ashkun"},
["asl"] = {"Asilulu"},
["asn"] = {"Xingú Asuriní"},
["aso"] = {"Dano"},
["asp"] = {"Algerian Sign Language"},
["asq"] = {"Austrian Sign Language"},
["asr"] = {"Asuri"},
["ass"] = {"Ipulo"},
["ast"] = {"Asturian", "Asturleonese", "Bable", "Leonese"},
["asu"] = {"Tocantins Asurini"},
["asv"] = {"Asoa"},
["asw"] = {"Australian Aborigines Sign Language"},
["asx"] = {"Muratayak"},
["asy"] = {"Yaosakor Asmat"},
["asz"] = {"As"},
["ata"] = {"Pele-Ata"},
["atb"] = {"Zaiwa"},
["atc"] = {"Atsahuaca"},
["atd"] = {"Ata Manobo"},
["ate"] = {"Atemble"},
["atg"] = {"Ivbie North-Okpela-Arhe"},
["ath"] = {"Athapascan languages"},
["ati"] = {"Attié"},
["atj"] = {"Atikamekw", "Nehirowimowin"},
["atk"] = {"Ati"},
["atl"] = {"Mt. Iraya Agta"},
["atm"] = {"Ata"},
["atn"] = {"Ashtiani"},
["ato"] = {"Atong (Cameroon)"},
["atp"] = {"Pudtol Atta"},
["atq"] = {"Aralle-Tabulahan"},
["atr"] = {"Waimiri-Atroari"},
["ats"] = {"Gros Ventre"},
["att"] = {"Pamplona Atta"},
["atu"] = {"Reel"},
["atv"] = {"Northern Altai"},
["atw"] = {"Atsugewi"},
["atx"] = {"Arutani"},
["aty"] = {"Aneityum"},
["atz"] = {"Arta"},
["aua"] = {"Asumboa"},
["aub"] = {"Alugu"},
["auc"] = {"Waorani"},
["aud"] = {"Anuta"},
["auf"] = {"Arauan languages"},
["aug"] = {"Aguna"},
["auh"] = {"Aushi"},
["aui"] = {"Anuki"},
["auj"] = {"Awjilah"},
["auk"] = {"Heyo"},
["aul"] = {"Aulua"},
["aum"] = {"Asu (Nigeria)"},
["aun"] = {"Molmo One"},
["auo"] = {"Auyokawa"},
["aup"] = {"Makayam"},
["auq"] = {"Anus", "Korur"},
["aur"] = {"Aruek"},
["aus"] = {"Australian languages"},
["aut"] = {"Austral"},
["auu"] = {"Auye"},
["auw"] = {"Awyi"},
["aux"] = {"Aurá"},
["auy"] = {"Awiyaana"},
["auz"] = {"Uzbeki Arabic"},
["avb"] = {"Avau"},
["avd"] = {"Alviri-Vidari"},
["avi"] = {"Avikam"},
["avk"] = {"Kotava"},
["avl"] = {"Eastern Egyptian Bedawi Arabic"},
["avm"] = {"Angkamuthi"},
["avn"] = {"Avatime"},
["avo"] = {"Agavotaguerra"},
["avs"] = {"Aushiri"},
["avt"] = {"Au"},
["avu"] = {"Avokaya"},
["avv"] = {"Avá-Canoeiro"},
["awa"] = {"Awadhi"},
["awb"] = {"Awa (Papua New Guinea)"},
["awc"] = {"Cicipu"},
["awd"] = {"Arawakan languages"},
["awe"] = {"Awetí"},
["awg"] = {"Anguthimri"},
["awh"] = {"Awbono"},
["awi"] = {"Aekyom"},
["awk"] = {"Awabakal"},
["awm"] = {"Arawum"},
["awn"] = {"Awngi"},
["awo"] = {"Awak"},
["awr"] = {"Awera"},
["aws"] = {"South Awyu"},
["awt"] = {"Araweté"},
["awu"] = {"Central Awyu"},
["awv"] = {"Jair Awyu"},
["aww"] = {"Awun"},
["awx"] = {"Awara"},
["awy"] = {"Edera Awyu"},
["axb"] = {"Abipon"},
["axe"] = {"Ayerrerenge"},
["axg"] = {"Mato Grosso Arára"},
["axk"] = {"Yaka (Central African Republic)"},
["axl"] = {"Lower Southern Aranda"},
["axm"] = {"Middle Armenian"},
["axx"] = {"Xârâgurè"},
["aya"] = {"Awar"},
["ayb"] = {"Ayizo Gbe"},
["ayc"] = {"Southern Aymara"},
["ayd"] = {"Ayabadhu"},
["aye"] = {"Ayere"},
["ayg"] = {"Ginyanga"},
["ayh"] = {"Hadrami Arabic"},
["ayi"] = {"Leyigha"},
["ayk"] = {"Akuku"},
["ayl"] = {"Libyan Arabic"},
["ayn"] = {"Sanaani Arabic"},
["ayo"] = {"Ayoreo"},
["ayp"] = {"North Mesopotamian Arabic"},
["ayq"] = {"Ayi (Papua New Guinea)"},
["ayr"] = {"Central Aymara"},
["ays"] = {"Sorsogon Ayta"},
["ayt"] = {"Magbukun Ayta"},
["ayu"] = {"Ayu"},
["ayz"] = {"Mai Brat"},
["aza"] = {"Azha"},
["azb"] = {"South Azerbaijani"},
["azc"] = {"Uto-Aztecan languages"},
["azd"] = {"Eastern Durango Nahuatl"},
["azg"] = {"San Pedro Amuzgos Amuzgo"},
["azj"] = {"North Azerbaijani"},
["azm"] = {"Ipalapa Amuzgo"},
["azn"] = {"Western Durango Nahuatl"},
["azo"] = {"Awing"},
["azt"] = {"Faire Atta"},
["azz"] = {"Highland Puebla Nahuatl"},
["baa"] = {"Babatana"},
["bab"] = {"Bainouk-Gunyuño"},
["bac"] = {"Badui"},
["bad"] = {"Banda languages"},
["bae"] = {"Baré"},
["baf"] = {"Nubaca"},
["bag"] = {"Tuki"},
["bah"] = {"Bahamas Creole English"},
["bai"] = {"Bamileke languages"},
["baj"] = {"Barakai"},
["bal"] = {"Baluchi"},
["ban"] = {"Balinese"},
["bao"] = {"Waimaha"},
["bap"] = {"Bantawa"},
["bar"] = {"Bavarian"},
["bas"] = {"Basa (Cameroon)"},
["bat"] = {"Baltic languages"},
["bau"] = {"Bada (Nigeria)"},
["bav"] = {"Vengo"},
["baw"] = {"Bambili-Bambui"},
["bax"] = {"Bamun"},
["bay"] = {"Batuley"},
["bba"] = {"Baatonum"},
["bbb"] = {"Barai"},
["bbc"] = {"Batak Toba"},
["bbd"] = {"Bau"},
["bbe"] = {"Bangba"},
["bbf"] = {"Baibai"},
["bbg"] = {"Barama"},
["bbh"] = {"Bugan"},
["bbi"] = {"Barombi"},
["bbj"] = {"Ghomálá'"},
["bbk"] = {"Babanki"},
["bbl"] = {"Bats"},
["bbm"] = {"Babango"},
["bbn"] = {"Uneapa"},
["bbo"] = {"Northern Bobo Madaré", "Konabéré"},
["bbp"] = {"West Central Banda"},
["bbq"] = {"Bamali"},
["bbr"] = {"Girawa"},
["bbs"] = {"Bakpinka"},
["bbt"] = {"Mburku"},
["bbu"] = {"Kulung (Nigeria)"},
["bbv"] = {"Karnai"},
["bbw"] = {"Baba"},
["bbx"] = {"Bubia"},
["bby"] = {"Befang"},
["bca"] = {"Central Bai"},
["bcb"] = {"Bainouk-Samik"},
["bcc"] = {"Southern Balochi"},
["bcd"] = {"North Babar"},
["bce"] = {"Bamenyam"},
["bcf"] = {"Bamu"},
["bcg"] = {"Baga Pokur"},
["bch"] = {"Bariai"},
["bci"] = {"Baoulé"},
["bcj"] = {"Bardi"},
["bck"] = {"Bunuba"},
["bcl"] = {"Central Bikol"},
["bcm"] = {"Bannoni"},
["bcn"] = {"Bali (Nigeria)"},
["bco"] = {"Kaluli"},
["bcp"] = {"Bali (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["bcq"] = {"Bench"},
["bcr"] = {"Babine"},
["bcs"] = {"Kohumono"},
["bct"] = {"Bendi"},
["bcu"] = {"Awad Bing"},
["bcv"] = {"Shoo-Minda-Nye"},
["bcw"] = {"Bana"},
["bcy"] = {"Bacama"},
["bcz"] = {"Bainouk-Gunyaamolo"},
["bda"] = {"Bayot"},
["bdb"] = {"Basap"},
["bdc"] = {"Emberá-Baudó"},
["bdd"] = {"Bunama"},
["bde"] = {"Bade"},
["bdf"] = {"Biage"},
["bdg"] = {"Bonggi"},
["bdh"] = {"Baka (South Sudan)"},
["bdi"] = {"Burun"},
["bdj"] = {"Bai (South Sudan)", "Bai"},
["bdk"] = {"Budukh"},
["bdl"] = {"Indonesian Bajau"},
["bdm"] = {"Buduma"},
["bdn"] = {"Baldemu"},
["bdo"] = {"Morom"},
["bdp"] = {"Bende"},
["bdq"] = {"Bahnar"},
["bdr"] = {"West Coast Bajau"},
["bds"] = {"Burunge"},
["bdt"] = {"Bokoto"},
["bdu"] = {"Oroko"},
["bdv"] = {"Bodo Parja"},
["bdw"] = {"Baham"},
["bdx"] = {"Budong-Budong"},
["bdy"] = {"Bandjalang"},
["bdz"] = {"Badeshi"},
["bea"] = {"Beaver"},
["beb"] = {"Bebele"},
["bec"] = {"Iceve-Maci"},
["bed"] = {"Bedoanas"},
["bee"] = {"Byangsi"},
["bef"] = {"Benabena"},
["beg"] = {"Belait"},
["beh"] = {"Biali"},
["bei"] = {"Bekati'"},
["bej"] = {"Beja", "Bedawiyet"},
["bek"] = {"Bebeli"},
["bem"] = {"Bemba (Zambia)"},
["beo"] = {"Beami"},
["bep"] = {"Besoa"},
["beq"] = {"Beembe"},
["ber"] = {"Berber languages"},
["bes"] = {"Besme"},
["bet"] = {"Guiberoua Béte"},
["beu"] = {"Blagar"},
["bev"] = {"Daloa Bété"},
["bew"] = {"Betawi"},
["bex"] = {"Jur Modo"},
["bey"] = {"Beli (Papua New Guinea)"},
["bez"] = {"Bena (Tanzania)"},
["bfa"] = {"Bari"},
["bfb"] = {"Pauri Bareli"},
["bfc"] = {"Panyi Bai", "Northern Bai"},
["bfd"] = {"Bafut"},
["bfe"] = {"Betaf", "Tena"},
["bff"] = {"Bofi"},
["bfg"] = {"Busang Kayan"},
["bfh"] = {"Blafe"},
["bfi"] = {"British Sign Language"},
["bfj"] = {"Bafanji"},
["bfk"] = {"Ban Khor Sign Language"},
["bfl"] = {"Banda-Ndélé"},
["bfm"] = {"Mmen"},
["bfn"] = {"Bunak"},
["bfo"] = {"Malba Birifor"},
["bfp"] = {"Beba"},
["bfq"] = {"Badaga"},
["bfr"] = {"Bazigar"},
["bfs"] = {"Southern Bai"},
["bft"] = {"Balti"},
["bfu"] = {"Gahri"},
["bfw"] = {"Bondo"},
["bfx"] = {"Bantayanon"},
["bfy"] = {"Bagheli"},
["bfz"] = {"Mahasu Pahari"},
["bga"] = {"Gwamhi-Wuri"},
["bgb"] = {"Bobongko"},
["bgc"] = {"Haryanvi"},
["bgd"] = {"Rathwi Bareli"},
["bge"] = {"Bauria"},
["bgf"] = {"Bangandu"},
["bgg"] = {"Bugun"},
["bgi"] = {"Giangan"},
["bgj"] = {"Bangolan"},
["bgk"] = {"Bit", "Buxinhua"},
["bgl"] = {"Bo (Laos)"},
["bgn"] = {"Western Balochi"},
["bgo"] = {"Baga Koga"},
["bgp"] = {"Eastern Balochi"},
["bgq"] = {"Bagri"},
["bgr"] = {"Bawm Chin"},
["bgs"] = {"Tagabawa"},
["bgt"] = {"Bughotu"},
["bgu"] = {"Mbongno"},
["bgv"] = {"Warkay-Bipim"},
["bgw"] = {"Bhatri"},
["bgx"] = {"Balkan Gagauz Turkish"},
["bgy"] = {"Benggoi"},
["bgz"] = {"Banggai"},
["bha"] = {"Bharia"},
["bhb"] = {"Bhili"},
["bhc"] = {"Biga"},
["bhd"] = {"Bhadrawahi"},
["bhe"] = {"Bhaya"},
["bhf"] = {"Odiai"},
["bhg"] = {"Binandere"},
["bhh"] = {"Bukharic"},
["bhi"] = {"Bhilali"},
["bhj"] = {"Bahing"},
["bhl"] = {"Bimin"},
["bhm"] = {"Bathari"},
["bhn"] = {"Bohtan Neo-Aramaic"},
["bho"] = {"Bhojpuri"},
["bhp"] = {"Bima"},
["bhq"] = {"Tukang Besi South"},
["bhr"] = {"Bara Malagasy"},
["bhs"] = {"Buwal"},
["bht"] = {"Bhattiyali"},
["bhu"] = {"Bhunjia"},
["bhv"] = {"Bahau"},
["bhw"] = {"Biak"},
["bhx"] = {"Bhalay"},
["bhy"] = {"Bhele"},
["bhz"] = {"Bada (Indonesia)"},
["bia"] = {"Badimaya"},
["bib"] = {"Bissa", "Bisa"},
["bid"] = {"Bidiyo"},
["bie"] = {"Bepour"},
["bif"] = {"Biafada"},
["big"] = {"Biangai"},
["bih"] = {"Bihari languages"},
["bik"] = {"Bikol"},
["bil"] = {"Bile"},
["bim"] = {"Bimoba"},
["bin"] = {"Bini", "Edo"},
["bio"] = {"Nai"},
["bip"] = {"Bila"},
["biq"] = {"Bipi"},
["bir"] = {"Bisorio"},
["bit"] = {"Berinomo"},
["biu"] = {"Biete"},
["biv"] = {"Southern Birifor"},
["biw"] = {"Kol (Cameroon)"},
["bix"] = {"Bijori"},
["biy"] = {"Birhor"},
["biz"] = {"Baloi"},
["bja"] = {"Budza"},
["bjb"] = {"Banggarla"},
["bjc"] = {"Bariji"},
["bje"] = {"Biao-Jiao Mien"},
["bjf"] = {"Barzani Jewish Neo-Aramaic"},
["bjg"] = {"Bidyogo"},
["bjh"] = {"Bahinemo"},
["bji"] = {"Burji"},
["bjj"] = {"Kanauji"},
["bjk"] = {"Barok"},
["bjl"] = {"Bulu (Papua New Guinea)"},
["bjm"] = {"Bajelani"},
["bjn"] = {"Banjar"},
["bjo"] = {"Mid-Southern Banda"},
["bjp"] = {"Fanamaket"},
["bjr"] = {"Binumarien"},
["bjs"] = {"Bajan"},
["bjt"] = {"Balanta-Ganja"},
["bju"] = {"Busuu"},
["bjv"] = {"Bedjond"},
["bjw"] = {"Bakwé"},
["bjx"] = {"Banao Itneg"},
["bjy"] = {"Bayali"},
["bjz"] = {"Baruga"},
["bka"] = {"Kyak"},
["bkc"] = {"Baka (Cameroon)"},
["bkd"] = {"Binukid", "Talaandig"},
["bkf"] = {"Beeke"},
["bkg"] = {"Buraka"},
["bkh"] = {"Bakoko"},
["bki"] = {"Baki"},
["bkj"] = {"Pande"},
["bkk"] = {"Brokskat"},
["bkl"] = {"Berik"},
["bkm"] = {"Kom (Cameroon)"},
["bkn"] = {"Bukitan"},
["bko"] = {"Kwa'"},
["bkp"] = {"Boko (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["bkq"] = {"Bakairí"},
["bkr"] = {"Bakumpai"},
["bks"] = {"Northern Sorsoganon"},
["bkt"] = {"Boloki"},
["bku"] = {"Buhid"},
["bkv"] = {"Bekwarra"},
["bkw"] = {"Bekwel"},
["bkx"] = {"Baikeno"},
["bky"] = {"Bokyi"},
["bkz"] = {"Bungku"},
["bla"] = {"Siksika"},
["blb"] = {"Bilua"},
["blc"] = {"Bella Coola"},
["bld"] = {"Bolango"},
["ble"] = {"Balanta-Kentohe"},
["blf"] = {"Buol"},
["blh"] = {"Kuwaa"},
["bli"] = {"Bolia"},
["blj"] = {"Bolongan"},
["blk"] = {"Pa'o Karen", "Pa'O"},
["bll"] = {"Biloxi"},
["blm"] = {"Beli (South Sudan)"},
["bln"] = {"Southern Catanduanes Bikol"},
["blo"] = {"Anii"},
["blp"] = {"Blablanga"},
["blq"] = {"Baluan-Pam"},
["blr"] = {"Blang"},
["bls"] = {"Balaesang"},
["blt"] = {"Tai Dam"},
["blv"] = {"Kibala", "Bolo"},
["blw"] = {"Balangao"},
["blx"] = {"Mag-Indi Ayta"},
["bly"] = {"Notre"},
["blz"] = {"Balantak"},
["bma"] = {"Lame"},
["bmb"] = {"Bembe"},
["bmc"] = {"Biem"},
["bmd"] = {"Baga Manduri"},
["bme"] = {"Limassa"},
["bmf"] = {"Bom-Kim"},
["bmg"] = {"Bamwe"},
["bmh"] = {"Kein"},
["bmi"] = {"Bagirmi"},
["bmj"] = {"Bote-Majhi"},
["bmk"] = {"Ghayavi"},
["bml"] = {"Bomboli"},
["bmm"] = {"Northern Betsimisaraka Malagasy"},
["bmn"] = {"Bina (Papua New Guinea)"},
["bmo"] = {"Bambalang"},
["bmp"] = {"Bulgebi"},
["bmq"] = {"Bomu"},
["bmr"] = {"Muinane"},
["bms"] = {"Bilma Kanuri"},
["bmt"] = {"Biao Mon"},
["bmu"] = {"Somba-Siawari"},
["bmv"] = {"Bum"},
["bmw"] = {"Bomwali"},
["bmx"] = {"Baimak"},
["bmz"] = {"Baramu"},
["bna"] = {"Bonerate"},
["bnb"] = {"Bookan"},
["bnc"] = {"Bontok"},
["bnd"] = {"Banda (Indonesia)"},
["bne"] = {"Bintauna"},
["bnf"] = {"Masiwang"},
["bng"] = {"Benga"},
["bni"] = {"Bangi"},
["bnj"] = {"Eastern Tawbuid"},
["bnk"] = {"Bierebo"},
["bnl"] = {"Boon"},
["bnm"] = {"Batanga"},
["bnn"] = {"Bunun"},
["bno"] = {"Bantoanon"},
["bnp"] = {"Bola"},
["bnq"] = {"Bantik"},
["bnr"] = {"Butmas-Tur"},
["bns"] = {"Bundeli"},
["bnt"] = {"Bantu languages"},
["bnu"] = {"Bentong"},
["bnv"] = {"Bonerif", "Beneraf", "Edwas"},
["bnw"] = {"Bisis"},
["bnx"] = {"Bangubangu"},
["bny"] = {"Bintulu"},
["bnz"] = {"Beezen"},
["boa"] = {"Bora"},
["bob"] = {"Aweer"},
["boe"] = {"Mundabli-Mufu"},
["bof"] = {"Bolon"},
["bog"] = {"Bamako Sign Language"},
["boh"] = {"Boma"},
["boi"] = {"Barbareño"},
["boj"] = {"Anjam"},
["bok"] = {"Bonjo"},
["bol"] = {"Bole"},
["bom"] = {"Berom"},
["bon"] = {"Bine"},
["boo"] = {"Tiemacèwè Bozo"},
["bop"] = {"Bonkiman"},
["boq"] = {"Bogaya"},
["bor"] = {"Borôro"},
["bot"] = {"Bongo"},
["bou"] = {"Bondei"},
["bov"] = {"Tuwuli"},
["bow"] = {"Rema"},
["box"] = {"Buamu"},
["boy"] = {"Bodo (Central African Republic)"},
["boz"] = {"Tiéyaxo Bozo"},
["bpa"] = {"Daakaka"},
["bpc"] = {"Mbuk"},
["bpd"] = {"Banda-Banda"},
["bpe"] = {"Bauni"},
["bpg"] = {"Bonggo"},
["bph"] = {"Botlikh"},
["bpi"] = {"Bagupi"},
["bpj"] = {"Binji"},
["bpk"] = {"Orowe", "'Ôrôê"},
["bpl"] = {"Broome Pearling Lugger Pidgin"},
["bpm"] = {"Biyom"},
["bpn"] = {"Dzao Min"},
["bpo"] = {"Anasi"},
["bpp"] = {"Kaure"},
["bpq"] = {"Banda Malay"},
["bpr"] = {"Koronadal Blaan"},
["bps"] = {"Sarangani Blaan"},
["bpt"] = {"Barrow Point"},
["bpu"] = {"Bongu"},
["bpv"] = {"Bian Marind"},
["bpw"] = {"Bo (Papua New Guinea)"},
["bpx"] = {"Palya Bareli"},
["bpy"] = {"Bishnupriya"},
["bpz"] = {"Bilba"},
["bqa"] = {"Tchumbuli"},
["bqb"] = {"Bagusa"},
["bqc"] = {"Boko (Benin)", "Boo"},
["bqd"] = {"Bung"},
["bqf"] = {"Baga Kaloum"},
["bqg"] = {"Bago-Kusuntu"},
["bqh"] = {"Baima"},
["bqi"] = {"Bakhtiari"},
["bqj"] = {"Bandial"},
["bqk"] = {"Banda-Mbrès"},
["bql"] = {"Karian", "Bilakura"},
["bqm"] = {"Wumboko"},
["bqn"] = {"Bulgarian Sign Language"},
["bqo"] = {"Balo"},
["bqp"] = {"Busa"},
["bqq"] = {"Biritai"},
["bqr"] = {"Burusu"},
["bqs"] = {"Bosngun"},
["bqt"] = {"Bamukumbit"},
["bqu"] = {"Boguru"},
["bqv"] = {"Koro Wachi", "Begbere-Ejar"},
["bqw"] = {"Buru (Nigeria)"},
["bqx"] = {"Baangi"},
["bqy"] = {"Bengkala Sign Language"},
["bqz"] = {"Bakaka"},
["bra"] = {"Braj"},
["brb"] = {"Brao", "Lave"},
["brc"] = {"Berbice Creole Dutch"},
["brd"] = {"Baraamu"},
["brf"] = {"Bira"},
["brg"] = {"Baure"},
["brh"] = {"Brahui"},
["bri"] = {"Mokpwe"},
["brj"] = {"Bieria"},
["brk"] = {"Birked"},
["brl"] = {"Birwa"},
["brm"] = {"Barambu"},
["brn"] = {"Boruca"},
["bro"] = {"Brokkat"},
["brp"] = {"Barapasi"},
["brq"] = {"Breri"},
["brr"] = {"Birao"},
["brs"] = {"Baras"},
["brt"] = {"Bitare"},
["bru"] = {"Eastern Bru"},
["brv"] = {"Western Bru"},
["brw"] = {"Bellari"},
["brx"] = {"Bodo (India)"},
["bry"] = {"Burui"},
["brz"] = {"Bilbil"},
["bsa"] = {"Abinomn"},
["bsb"] = {"Brunei Bisaya"},
["bsc"] = {"Bassari", "Oniyan"},
["bse"] = {"Wushi"},
["bsf"] = {"Bauchi"},
["bsg"] = {"Bashkardi"},
["bsh"] = {"Kati"},
["bsi"] = {"Bassossi"},
["bsj"] = {"Bangwinji"},
["bsk"] = {"Burushaski"},
["bsl"] = {"Basa-Gumna"},
["bsm"] = {"Busami"},
["bsn"] = {"Barasana-Eduria"},
["bso"] = {"Buso"},
["bsp"] = {"Baga Sitemu"},
["bsq"] = {"Bassa"},
["bsr"] = {"Bassa-Kontagora"},
["bss"] = {"Akoose"},
["bst"] = {"Basketo"},
["bsu"] = {"Bahonsuai"},
["bsv"] = {"Baga Sobané"},
["bsw"] = {"Baiso"},
["bsx"] = {"Yangkam"},
["bsy"] = {"Sabah Bisaya"},
["bta"] = {"Bata"},
["btc"] = {"Bati (Cameroon)"},
["btd"] = {"Batak Dairi"},
["bte"] = {"Gamo-Ningi"},
["btf"] = {"Birgit"},
["btg"] = {"Gagnoa Bété"},
["bth"] = {"Biatah Bidayuh"},
["bti"] = {"Burate"},
["btj"] = {"Bacanese Malay"},
["btk"] = {"Batak languages"},
["btm"] = {"Batak Mandailing"},
["btn"] = {"Ratagnon"},
["bto"] = {"Rinconada Bikol"},
["btp"] = {"Budibud"},
["btq"] = {"Batek"},
["btr"] = {"Baetora"},
["bts"] = {"Batak Simalungun"},
["btt"] = {"Bete-Bendi"},
["btu"] = {"Batu"},
["btv"] = {"Bateri"},
["btw"] = {"Butuanon"},
["btx"] = {"Batak Karo"},
["bty"] = {"Bobot"},
["btz"] = {"Batak Alas-Kluet"},
["bua"] = {"Buriat"},
["bub"] = {"Bua"},
["buc"] = {"Bushi"},
["bud"] = {"Ntcham"},
["bue"] = {"Beothuk"},
["buf"] = {"Bushoong"},
["bug"] = {"Buginese"},
["buh"] = {"Younuo Bunu"},
["bui"] = {"Bongili"},
["buj"] = {"Basa-Gurmana"},
["buk"] = {"Bugawac"},
["bum"] = {"Bulu (Cameroon)"},
["bun"] = {"Sherbro"},
["buo"] = {"Terei"},
["bup"] = {"Busoa"},
["buq"] = {"Brem"},
["bus"] = {"Bokobaru"},
["but"] = {"Bungain"},
["buu"] = {"Budu"},
["buv"] = {"Bun"},
["buw"] = {"Bubi"},
["bux"] = {"Boghom"},
["buy"] = {"Bullom So"},
["buz"] = {"Bukwen"},
["bva"] = {"Barein"},
["bvb"] = {"Bube"},
["bvc"] = {"Baelelea"},
["bvd"] = {"Baeggu"},
["bve"] = {"Berau Malay"},
["bvf"] = {"Boor"},
["bvg"] = {"Bonkeng"},
["bvh"] = {"Bure"},
["bvi"] = {"Belanda Viri"},
["bvj"] = {"Baan"},
["bvk"] = {"Bukat"},
["bvl"] = {"Bolivian Sign Language"},
["bvm"] = {"Bamunka"},
["bvn"] = {"Buna"},
["bvo"] = {"Bolgo"},
["bvp"] = {"Bumang"},
["bvq"] = {"Birri"},
["bvr"] = {"Burarra"},
["bvt"] = {"Bati (Indonesia)"},
["bvu"] = {"Bukit Malay"},
["bvv"] = {"Baniva"},
["bvw"] = {"Boga"},
["bvx"] = {"Dibole"},
["bvy"] = {"Baybayanon"},
["bvz"] = {"Bauzi"},
["bwa"] = {"Bwatoo"},
["bwb"] = {"Namosi-Naitasiri-Serua"},
["bwc"] = {"Bwile"},
["bwd"] = {"Bwaidoka"},
["bwe"] = {"Bwe Karen"},
["bwf"] = {"Boselewa"},
["bwg"] = {"Barwe"},
["bwh"] = {"Bishuo"},
["bwi"] = {"Baniwa"},
["bwj"] = {"Láá Láá Bwamu"},
["bwk"] = {"Bauwaki"},
["bwl"] = {"Bwela"},
["bwm"] = {"Biwat"},
["bwn"] = {"Wunai Bunu"},
["bwo"] = {"Boro (Ethiopia)", "Borna (Ethiopia)"},
["bwp"] = {"Mandobo Bawah"},
["bwq"] = {"Southern Bobo Madaré"},
["bwr"] = {"Bura-Pabir"},
["bws"] = {"Bomboma"},
["bwt"] = {"Bafaw-Balong"},
["bwu"] = {"Buli (Ghana)"},
["bww"] = {"Bwa"},
["bwx"] = {"Bu-Nao Bunu"},
["bwy"] = {"Cwi Bwamu"},
["bwz"] = {"Bwisi"},
["bxa"] = {"Tairaha"},
["bxb"] = {"Belanda Bor"},
["bxc"] = {"Molengue"},
["bxd"] = {"Pela"},
["bxe"] = {"Birale"},
["bxf"] = {"Bilur", "Minigir"},
["bxg"] = {"Bangala"},
["bxh"] = {"Buhutu"},
["bxi"] = {"Pirlatapa"},
["bxj"] = {"Bayungu"},
["bxk"] = {"Bukusu", "Lubukusu"},
["bxl"] = {"Jalkunan"},
["bxm"] = {"Mongolia Buriat"},
["bxn"] = {"Burduna"},
["bxo"] = {"Barikanchi"},
["bxp"] = {"Bebil"},
["bxq"] = {"Beele"},
["bxr"] = {"Russia Buriat"},
["bxs"] = {"Busam"},
["bxu"] = {"China Buriat"},
["bxv"] = {"Berakou"},
["bxw"] = {"Bankagooma"},
["bxz"] = {"Binahari"},
["bya"] = {"Batak"},
["byb"] = {"Bikya"},
["byc"] = {"Ubaghara"},
["byd"] = {"Benyadu'"},
["bye"] = {"Pouye"},
["byf"] = {"Bete"},
["byg"] = {"Baygo"},
["byh"] = {"Bhujel"},
["byi"] = {"Buyu"},
["byj"] = {"Bina (Nigeria)"},
["byk"] = {"Biao"},
["byl"] = {"Bayono"},
["bym"] = {"Bidjara"},
["byn"] = {"Bilin", "Blin"},
["byo"] = {"Biyo"},
["byp"] = {"Bumaji"},
["byq"] = {"Basay"},
["byr"] = {"Baruya", "Yipma"},
["bys"] = {"Burak"},
["byt"] = {"Berti"},
["byv"] = {"Medumba"},
["byw"] = {"Belhariya"},
["byx"] = {"Qaqet"},
["byz"] = {"Banaro"},
["bza"] = {"Bandi"},
["bzb"] = {"Andio"},
["bzc"] = {"Southern Betsimisaraka Malagasy"},
["bzd"] = {"Bribri"},
["bze"] = {"Jenaama Bozo"},
["bzf"] = {"Boikin"},
["bzg"] = {"Babuza"},
["bzh"] = {"Mapos Buang"},
["bzi"] = {"Bisu"},
["bzj"] = {"Belize Kriol English"},
["bzk"] = {"Nicaragua Creole English"},
["bzl"] = {"Boano (Sulawesi)"},
["bzm"] = {"Bolondo"},
["bzn"] = {"Boano (Maluku)"},
["bzo"] = {"Bozaba"},
["bzp"] = {"Kemberano"},
["bzq"] = {"Buli (Indonesia)"},
["bzr"] = {"Biri"},
["bzs"] = {"Brazilian Sign Language"},
["bzt"] = {"Brithenig"},
["bzu"] = {"Burmeso"},
["bzv"] = {"Naami"},
["bzw"] = {"Basa (Nigeria)"},
["bzx"] = {"Kɛlɛngaxo Bozo"},
["bzy"] = {"Obanliku"},
["bzz"] = {"Evant"},
["caa"] = {"Chortí"},
["cab"] = {"Garifuna"},
["cac"] = {"Chuj"},
["cad"] = {"Caddo"},
["cae"] = {"Lehar", "Laalaa"},
["caf"] = {"Southern Carrier"},
["cag"] = {"Nivaclé"},
["cah"] = {"Cahuarano"},
["cai"] = {"Central American Indian languages"},
["caj"] = {"Chané"},
["cak"] = {"Kaqchikel", "Cakchiquel"},
["cal"] = {"Carolinian"},
["cam"] = {"Cemuhî"},
["can"] = {"Chambri"},
["cao"] = {"Chácobo"},
["cap"] = {"Chipaya"},
["caq"] = {"Car Nicobarese"},
["car"] = {"Galibi Carib"},
["cas"] = {"Tsimané"},
["cau"] = {"Caucasian languages"},
["cav"] = {"Cavineña"},
["caw"] = {"Callawalla"},
["cax"] = {"Chiquitano"},
["cay"] = {"Cayuga"},
["caz"] = {"Canichana"},
["cba"] = {"Chibchan languages"},
["cbb"] = {"Cabiyarí"},
["cbc"] = {"Carapana"},
["cbd"] = {"Carijona"},
["cbg"] = {"Chimila"},
["cbi"] = {"Chachi"},
["cbj"] = {"Ede Cabe"},
["cbk"] = {"Chavacano"},
["cbl"] = {"Bualkhaw Chin"},
["cbn"] = {"Nyahkur"},
["cbo"] = {"Izora"},
["cbq"] = {"Tsucuba", "Cuba"},
["cbr"] = {"Cashibo-Cacataibo"},
["cbs"] = {"Cashinahua"},
["cbt"] = {"Chayahuita"},
["cbu"] = {"Candoshi-Shapra"},
["cbv"] = {"Cacua"},
["cbw"] = {"Kinabalian"},
["cby"] = {"Carabayo"},
["ccc"] = {"Chamicuro"},
["ccd"] = {"Cafundo Creole"},
["cce"] = {"Chopi"},
["ccg"] = {"Samba Daka"},
["cch"] = {"Atsam"},
["ccj"] = {"Kasanga"},
["ccl"] = {"Cutchi-Swahili"},
["ccm"] = {"Malaccan Creole Malay"},
["ccn"] = {"North Caucasian languages"},
["cco"] = {"Comaltepec Chinantec"},
["ccp"] = {"Chakma"},
["ccr"] = {"Cacaopera"},
["ccs"] = {"South Caucasian languages"},
["cda"] = {"Choni"},
["cdc"] = {"Chadic languages"},
["cdd"] = {"Caddoan languages"},
["cde"] = {"Chenchu"},
["cdf"] = {"Chiru"},
["cdh"] = {"Chambeali"},
["cdi"] = {"Chodri"},
["cdj"] = {"Churahi"},
["cdm"] = {"Chepang"},
["cdn"] = {"Chaudangsi"},
["cdo"] = {"Min Dong Chinese"},
["cdr"] = {"Cinda-Regi-Tiyal"},
["cds"] = {"Chadian Sign Language"},
["cdy"] = {"Chadong"},
["cdz"] = {"Koda"},
["cea"] = {"Lower Chehalis"},
["ceb"] = {"Cebuano"},
["ceg"] = {"Chamacoco"},
["cek"] = {"Eastern Khumi Chin"},
["cel"] = {"Celtic languages"},
["cen"] = {"Cen"},
["cet"] = {"Centúúm"},
["cey"] = {"Ekai Chin"},
["cfa"] = {"Dijim-Bwilim"},
["cfd"] = {"Cara"},
["cfg"] = {"Como Karim"},
["cfm"] = {"Falam Chin"},
["cga"] = {"Changriwa"},
["cgc"] = {"Kagayanen"},
["cgg"] = {"Chiga"},
["cgk"] = {"Chocangacakha"},
["chb"] = {"Chibcha"},
["chc"] = {"Catawba"},
["chd"] = {"Highland Oaxaca Chontal"},
["chf"] = {"Tabasco Chontal"},
["chg"] = {"Chagatai"},
["chh"] = {"Chinook"},
["chj"] = {"Ojitlán Chinantec"},
["chk"] = {"Chuukese"},
["chl"] = {"Cahuilla"},
["chm"] = {"Mari (Russia)"},
["chn"] = {"Chinook jargon"},
["cho"] = {"Choctaw"},
["chp"] = {"Chipewyan", "Dene Suline"},
["chq"] = {"Quiotepec Chinantec"},
["chr"] = {"Cherokee"},
["cht"] = {"Cholón"},
["chw"] = {"Chuwabu"},
["chx"] = {"Chantyal"},
["chy"] = {"Cheyenne"},
["chz"] = {"Ozumacín Chinantec"},
["cia"] = {"Cia-Cia"},
["cib"] = {"Ci Gbe"},
["cic"] = {"Chickasaw"},
["cid"] = {"Chimariko"},
["cie"] = {"Cineni"},
["cih"] = {"Chinali"},
["cik"] = {"Chitkuli Kinnauri"},
["cim"] = {"Cimbrian"},
["cin"] = {"Cinta Larga"},
["cip"] = {"Chiapanec"},
["cir"] = {"Tiri", "Haméa", "Méa"},
["ciw"] = {"Chippewa"},
["ciy"] = {"Chaima"},
["cja"] = {"Western Cham"},
["cje"] = {"Chru"},
["cjh"] = {"Upper Chehalis"},
["cji"] = {"Chamalal"},
["cjk"] = {"Chokwe"},
["cjm"] = {"Eastern Cham"},
["cjn"] = {"Chenapian"},
["cjo"] = {"Ashéninka Pajonal"},
["cjp"] = {"Cabécar"},
["cjs"] = {"Shor"},
["cjv"] = {"Chuave"},
["cjy"] = {"Jinyu Chinese"},
["ckb"] = {"Central Kurdish"},
["ckh"] = {"Chak"},
["ckl"] = {"Cibak"},
["ckm"] = {"Chakavian"},
["ckn"] = {"Kaang Chin"},
["cko"] = {"Anufo"},
["ckq"] = {"Kajakse"},
["ckr"] = {"Kairak"},
["cks"] = {"Tayo"},
["ckt"] = {"Chukot"},
["cku"] = {"Koasati"},
["ckv"] = {"Kavalan"},
["ckx"] = {"Caka"},
["cky"] = {"Cakfem-Mushere"},
["ckz"] = {"Cakchiquel-Quiché Mixed Language"},
["cla"] = {"Ron"},
["clc"] = {"Chilcotin", "Tsilhqot’in"},
["cld"] = {"Chaldean Neo-Aramaic"},
["cle"] = {"Lealao Chinantec"},
["clh"] = {"Chilisso"},
["cli"] = {"Chakali"},
["clj"] = {"Laitu Chin"},
["clk"] = {"Idu-Mishmi"},
["cll"] = {"Chala"},
["clm"] = {"Klallam", "Clallam"},
["clo"] = {"Lowland Oaxaca Chontal"},
["cls"] = {"Classical Sanskrit"},
["clt"] = {"Lautu Chin"},
["clu"] = {"Caluyanun"},
["clw"] = {"Chulym"},
["cly"] = {"Eastern Highland Chatino"},
["cma"] = {"Maa"},
["cmc"] = {"Chamic languages"},
["cme"] = {"Cerma"},
["cmg"] = {"Classical Mongolian"},
["cmi"] = {"Emberá-Chamí"},
["cml"] = {"Campalagian"},
["cmm"] = {"Michigamea"},
["cmn"] = {"Mandarin Chinese"},
["cmo"] = {"Central Mnong"},
["cmr"] = {"Mro-Khimi Chin"},
["cms"] = {"Messapic"},
["cmt"] = {"Camtho"},
["cna"] = {"Changthang"},
["cnb"] = {"Chinbon Chin"},
["cnc"] = {"Côông"},
["cng"] = {"Northern Qiang"},
["cnh"] = {"Hakha Chin", "Haka Chin"},
["cni"] = {"Asháninka"},
["cnk"] = {"Khumi Chin"},
["cnl"] = {"Lalana Chinantec"},
["cno"] = {"Con"},
["cnp"] = {"Northern Ping Chinese", "Northern Pinghua"},
["cnq"] = {"Chung"},
["cnr"] = {"Montenegrin"},
["cns"] = {"Central Asmat"},
["cnt"] = {"Tepetotutla Chinantec"},
["cnu"] = {"Chenoua"},
["cnw"] = {"Ngawn Chin"},
["cnx"] = {"Middle Cornish"},
["coa"] = {"Cocos Islands Malay"},
["cob"] = {"Chicomuceltec"},
["coc"] = {"Cocopa"},
["cod"] = {"Cocama-Cocamilla"},
["coe"] = {"Koreguaje"},
["cof"] = {"Colorado"},
["cog"] = {"Chong"},
["coh"] = {"Chonyi-Dzihana-Kauma", "Chichonyi-Chidzihana-Chikauma"},
["coj"] = {"Cochimi"},
["cok"] = {"Santa Teresa Cora"},
["col"] = {"Columbia-Wenatchi"},
["com"] = {"Comanche"},
["con"] = {"Cofán"},
["coo"] = {"Comox"},
["cop"] = {"Coptic"},
["coq"] = {"Coquille"},
["cot"] = {"Caquinte"},
["cou"] = {"Wamey"},
["cov"] = {"Cao Miao"},
["cow"] = {"Cowlitz"},
["cox"] = {"Nanti"},
["coz"] = {"Chochotec"},
["cpa"] = {"Palantla Chinantec"},
["cpb"] = {"Ucayali-Yurúa Ashéninka"},
["cpc"] = {"Ajyíninka Apurucayali"},
["cpe"] = {"English-based creoles and pidgins"},
["cpf"] = {"French-based creoles and pidgins"},
["cpg"] = {"Cappadocian Greek"},
["cpi"] = {"Chinese Pidgin English"},
["cpn"] = {"Cherepon"},
["cpo"] = {"Kpeego"},
["cpp"] = {"Portuguese-based creoles and pidgins"},
["cps"] = {"Capiznon"},
["cpu"] = {"Pichis Ashéninka"},
["cpx"] = {"Pu-Xian Chinese"},
["cpy"] = {"South Ucayali Ashéninka"},
["cqd"] = {"Chuanqiandian Cluster Miao"},
["cra"] = {"Chara"},
["crb"] = {"Island Carib"},
["crc"] = {"Lonwolwol"},
["crd"] = {"Coeur d'Alene"},
["crf"] = {"Caramanta"},
["crg"] = {"Michif"},
["crh"] = {"Crimean Tatar", "Crimean Turkish"},
["cri"] = {"Sãotomense"},
["crj"] = {"Southern East Cree"},
["crk"] = {"Plains Cree"},
["crl"] = {"Northern East Cree"},
["crm"] = {"Moose Cree"},
["crn"] = {"El Nayar Cora"},
["cro"] = {"Crow"},
["crp"] = {"Creoles and pidgins"},
["crq"] = {"Iyo'wujwa Chorote"},
["crr"] = {"Carolina Algonquian"},
["crs"] = {"Seselwa Creole French"},
["crt"] = {"Iyojwa'ja Chorote"},
["crv"] = {"Chaura"},
["crw"] = {"Chrau"},
["crx"] = {"Carrier"},
["cry"] = {"Cori"},
["crz"] = {"Cruzeño"},
["csa"] = {"Chiltepec Chinantec"},
["csb"] = {"Kashubian"},
["csc"] = {"Catalan Sign Language", "Lengua de señas catalana", "Llengua de Signes Catalana"},
["csd"] = {"Chiangmai Sign Language"},
["cse"] = {"Czech Sign Language"},
["csf"] = {"Cuba Sign Language"},
["csg"] = {"Chilean Sign Language"},
["csh"] = {"Asho Chin"},
["csi"] = {"Coast Miwok"},
["csj"] = {"Songlai Chin"},
["csk"] = {"Jola-Kasa"},
["csl"] = {"Chinese Sign Language"},
["csm"] = {"Central Sierra Miwok"},
["csn"] = {"Colombian Sign Language"},
["cso"] = {"Sochiapam Chinantec", "Sochiapan Chinantec"},
["csp"] = {"Southern Ping Chinese", "Southern Pinghua"},
["csq"] = {"Croatia Sign Language"},
["csr"] = {"Costa Rican Sign Language"},
["css"] = {"Southern Ohlone"},
["cst"] = {"Northern Ohlone"},
["csu"] = {"Central Sudanic languages"},
["csv"] = {"Sumtu Chin"},
["csw"] = {"Swampy Cree"},
["csx"] = {"Cambodian Sign Language"},
["csy"] = {"Siyin Chin"},
["csz"] = {"Coos"},
["cta"] = {"Tataltepec Chatino"},
["ctc"] = {"Chetco"},
["ctd"] = {"Tedim Chin"},
["cte"] = {"Tepinapa Chinantec"},
["ctg"] = {"Chittagonian"},
["cth"] = {"Thaiphum Chin"},
["ctl"] = {"Tlacoatzintepec Chinantec"},
["ctm"] = {"Chitimacha"},
["ctn"] = {"Chhintange"},
["cto"] = {"Emberá-Catío"},
["ctp"] = {"Western Highland Chatino"},
["cts"] = {"Northern Catanduanes Bikol"},
["ctt"] = {"Wayanad Chetti"},
["ctu"] = {"Chol"},
["cty"] = {"Moundadan Chetty"},
["ctz"] = {"Zacatepec Chatino"},
["cua"] = {"Cua"},
["cub"] = {"Cubeo"},
["cuc"] = {"Usila Chinantec"},
["cuh"] = {"Chuka", "Gichuka"},
["cui"] = {"Cuiba"},
["cuj"] = {"Mashco Piro"},
["cuk"] = {"San Blas Kuna"},
["cul"] = {"Culina", "Kulina"},
["cuo"] = {"Cumanagoto"},
["cup"] = {"Cupeño"},
["cuq"] = {"Cun"},
["cur"] = {"Chhulung"},
["cus"] = {"Cushitic languages"},
["cut"] = {"Teutila Cuicatec"},
["cuu"] = {"Tai Ya"},
["cuv"] = {"Cuvok"},
["cuw"] = {"Chukwa"},
["cux"] = {"Tepeuxila Cuicatec"},
["cuy"] = {"Cuitlatec"},
["cvg"] = {"Chug"},
["cvn"] = {"Valle Nacional Chinantec"},
["cwa"] = {"Kabwa"},
["cwb"] = {"Maindo"},
["cwd"] = {"Woods Cree"},
["cwe"] = {"Kwere"},
["cwg"] = {"Chewong", "Cheq Wong"},
["cwt"] = {"Kuwaataay"},
["cxh"] = {"Cha'ari"},
["cya"] = {"Nopala Chatino"},
["cyb"] = {"Cayubaba"},
["cyo"] = {"Cuyonon"},
["czh"] = {"Huizhou Chinese"},
["czk"] = {"Knaanic"},
["czn"] = {"Zenzontepec Chatino"},
["czo"] = {"Min Zhong Chinese"},
["czt"] = {"Zotung Chin"},
["daa"] = {"Dangaléat"},
["dac"] = {"Dambi"},
["dad"] = {"Marik"},
["dae"] = {"Duupa"},
["dag"] = {"Dagbani"},
["dah"] = {"Gwahatike"},
["dai"] = {"Day"},
["daj"] = {"Dar Fur Daju"},
["dak"] = {"Dakota"},
["dal"] = {"Dahalo"},
["dam"] = {"Damakawa"},
["dao"] = {"Daai Chin"},
["daq"] = {"Dandami Maria"},
["dar"] = {"Dargwa"},
["das"] = {"Daho-Doo"},
["dau"] = {"Dar Sila Daju"},
["dav"] = {"Taita", "Dawida"},
["daw"] = {"Davawenyo"},
["dax"] = {"Dayi"},
["day"] = {"Land Dayak languages"},
["daz"] = {"Moi-Wadea", "Dao"},
["dba"] = {"Bangime"},
["dbb"] = {"Deno"},
["dbd"] = {"Dadiya"},
["dbe"] = {"Dabe"},
["dbf"] = {"Edopi"},
["dbg"] = {"Dogul Dom Dogon"},
["dbi"] = {"Doka"},
["dbj"] = {"Ida'an"},
["dbl"] = {"Dyirbal"},
["dbm"] = {"Duguri"},
["dbn"] = {"Duriankere"},
["dbo"] = {"Dulbu"},
["dbp"] = {"Duwai"},
["dbq"] = {"Daba"},
["dbr"] = {"Dabarre"},
["dbt"] = {"Ben Tey Dogon"},
["dbu"] = {"Bondum Dom Dogon"},
["dbv"] = {"Dungu"},
["dbw"] = {"Bankan Tey Dogon"},
["dby"] = {"Dibiyaso"},
["dcc"] = {"Deccan"},
["dcr"] = {"Negerhollands"},
["dda"] = {"Dadi Dadi"},
["ddd"] = {"Dongotono"},
["dde"] = {"Doondo"},
["ddg"] = {"Fataluku"},
["ddi"] = {"West Goodenough"},
["ddj"] = {"Jaru"},
["ddn"] = {"Dendi (Benin)"},
["ddo"] = {"Dido"},
["ddr"] = {"Dhudhuroa"},
["dds"] = {"Donno So Dogon"},
["ddw"] = {"Dawera-Daweloor"},
["dec"] = {"Dagik"},
["ded"] = {"Dedua"},
["dee"] = {"Dewoin"},
["def"] = {"Dezfuli"},
["deg"] = {"Degema"},
["deh"] = {"Dehwari"},
["dei"] = {"Demisa"},
["del"] = {"Delaware"},
["dem"] = {"Dem"},
["den"] = {"Slavey"},
["dep"] = {"Pidgin Delaware"},
["deq"] = {"Dendi (Central African Republic)"},
["der"] = {"Deori"},
["des"] = {"Desano"},
["dev"] = {"Domung"},
["dez"] = {"Dengese"},
["dga"] = {"Southern Dagaare"},
["dgb"] = {"Bunoge Dogon"},
["dgc"] = {"Casiguran Dumagat Agta"},
["dgd"] = {"Dagaari Dioula"},
["dge"] = {"Degenan"},
["dgg"] = {"Doga"},
["dgh"] = {"Dghwede"},
["dgi"] = {"Northern Dagara"},
["dgk"] = {"Dagba"},
["dgl"] = {"Andaandi", "Dongolawi"},
["dgn"] = {"Dagoman"},
["dgo"] = {"Dogri (individual language)"},
["dgr"] = {"Tlicho", "Dogrib", "Tłı̨chǫ"},
["dgs"] = {"Dogoso"},
["dgt"] = {"Ndra'ngith"},
["dgw"] = {"Daungwurrung"},
["dgx"] = {"Doghoro"},
["dgz"] = {"Daga"},
["dhd"] = {"Dhundari"},
["dhg"] = {"Dhangu-Djangu", "Dhangu", "Djangu"},
["dhi"] = {"Dhimal"},
["dhl"] = {"Dhalandji"},
["dhm"] = {"Zemba"},
["dhn"] = {"Dhanki"},
["dho"] = {"Dhodia"},
["dhr"] = {"Dhargari"},
["dhs"] = {"Dhaiso"},
["dhu"] = {"Dhurga"},
["dhv"] = {"Dehu", "Drehu"},
["dhw"] = {"Dhanwar (Nepal)"},
["dhx"] = {"Dhungaloo"},
["dia"] = {"Dia"},
["dib"] = {"South Central Dinka"},
["dic"] = {"Lakota Dida"},
["did"] = {"Didinga"},
["dif"] = {"Dieri", "Diyari"},
["dig"] = {"Digo", "Chidigo"},
["dih"] = {"Kumiai"},
["dii"] = {"Dimbong"},
["dij"] = {"Dai"},
["dik"] = {"Southwestern Dinka"},
["dil"] = {"Dilling"},
["dim"] = {"Dime"},
["din"] = {"Dinka"},
["dio"] = {"Dibo"},
["dip"] = {"Northeastern Dinka"},
["diq"] = {"Dimli (individual language)"},
["dir"] = {"Dirim"},
["dis"] = {"Dimasa"},
["diu"] = {"Diriku"},
["diw"] = {"Northwestern Dinka"},
["dix"] = {"Dixon Reef"},
["diy"] = {"Diuwe"},
["diz"] = {"Ding"},
["dja"] = {"Djadjawurrung"},
["djb"] = {"Djinba"},
["djc"] = {"Dar Daju Daju"},
["djd"] = {"Djamindjung", "Ngaliwurru"},
["dje"] = {"Zarma"},
["djf"] = {"Djangun"},
["dji"] = {"Djinang"},
["djj"] = {"Djeebbana"},
["djk"] = {"Eastern Maroon Creole", "Businenge Tongo", "Nenge"},
["djm"] = {"Jamsay Dogon"},
["djn"] = {"Jawoyn", "Djauan"},
["djo"] = {"Jangkang"},
["djr"] = {"Djambarrpuyngu"},
["dju"] = {"Kapriman"},
["djw"] = {"Djawi"},
["dka"] = {"Dakpakha"},
["dkg"] = {"Kadung"},
["dkk"] = {"Dakka"},
["dkr"] = {"Kuijau"},
["dks"] = {"Southeastern Dinka"},
["dkx"] = {"Mazagway"},
["dlg"] = {"Dolgan"},
["dlk"] = {"Dahalik"},
["dlm"] = {"Dalmatian"},
["dln"] = {"Darlong"},
["dma"] = {"Duma"},
["dmb"] = {"Mombo Dogon"},
["dmc"] = {"Gavak"},
["dmd"] = {"Madhi Madhi"},
["dme"] = {"Dugwor"},
["dmf"] = {"Medefaidrin"},
["dmg"] = {"Upper Kinabatangan"},
["dmk"] = {"Domaaki"},
["dml"] = {"Dameli"},
["dmm"] = {"Dama"},
["dmn"] = {"Mande languages"},
["dmo"] = {"Kemedzung"},
["dmr"] = {"East Damar"},
["dms"] = {"Dampelas"},
["dmu"] = {"Dubu", "Tebi"},
["dmv"] = {"Dumpas"},
["dmw"] = {"Mudburra"},
["dmx"] = {"Dema"},
["dmy"] = {"Demta", "Sowari"},
["dna"] = {"Upper Grand Valley Dani"},
["dnd"] = {"Daonda"},
["dne"] = {"Ndendeule"},
["dng"] = {"Dungan"},
["dni"] = {"Lower Grand Valley Dani"},
["dnj"] = {"Dan"},
["dnk"] = {"Dengka"},
["dnn"] = {"Dzùùngoo"},
["dno"] = {"Ndrulo", "Northern Lendu"},
["dnr"] = {"Danaru"},
["dnt"] = {"Mid Grand Valley Dani"},
["dnu"] = {"Danau"},
["dnv"] = {"Danu"},
["dnw"] = {"Western Dani"},
["dny"] = {"Dení"},
["doa"] = {"Dom"},
["dob"] = {"Dobu"},
["doc"] = {"Northern Dong"},
["doe"] = {"Doe"},
["dof"] = {"Domu"},
["doh"] = {"Dong"},
["doi"] = {"Dogri (macrolanguage)"},
["dok"] = {"Dondo"},
["dol"] = {"Doso"},
["don"] = {"Toura (Papua New Guinea)"},
["doo"] = {"Dongo"},
["dop"] = {"Lukpa"},
["doq"] = {"Dominican Sign Language"},
["dor"] = {"Dori'o"},
["dos"] = {"Dogosé"},
["dot"] = {"Dass"},
["dov"] = {"Dombe"},
["dow"] = {"Doyayo"},
["dox"] = {"Bussa"},
["doy"] = {"Dompo"},
["doz"] = {"Dorze"},
["dpp"] = {"Papar"},
["dra"] = {"Dravidian languages"},
["drb"] = {"Dair"},
["drc"] = {"Minderico"},
["drd"] = {"Darmiya"},
["dre"] = {"Dolpo"},
["drg"] = {"Rungus"},
["dri"] = {"C'Lela"},
["drl"] = {"Paakantyi"},
["drn"] = {"West Damar"},
["dro"] = {"Daro-Matu Melanau"},
["drq"] = {"Dura"},
["drs"] = {"Gedeo"},
["drt"] = {"Drents"},
["dru"] = {"Rukai"},
["dry"] = {"Darai"},
["dsb"] = {"Lower Sorbian"},
["dse"] = {"Dutch Sign Language"},
["dsh"] = {"Daasanach"},
["dsi"] = {"Disa"},
["dsk"] = {"Dokshi"},
["dsl"] = {"Danish Sign Language"},
["dsn"] = {"Dusner"},
["dso"] = {"Desiya"},
["dsq"] = {"Tadaksahak"},
["dsz"] = {"Mardin Sign Language"},
["dta"] = {"Daur"},
["dtb"] = {"Labuk-Kinabatangan Kadazan"},
["dtd"] = {"Ditidaht"},
["dth"] = {"Adithinngithigh"},
["dti"] = {"Ana Tinga Dogon"},
["dtk"] = {"Tene Kan Dogon"},
["dtm"] = {"Tomo Kan Dogon"},
["dtn"] = {"Daatsʼíin"},
["dto"] = {"Tommo So Dogon"},
["dtp"] = {"Kadazan Dusun", "Central Dusun"},
["dtr"] = {"Lotud"},
["dts"] = {"Toro So Dogon"},
["dtt"] = {"Toro Tegu Dogon"},
["dtu"] = {"Tebul Ure Dogon"},
["dty"] = {"Dotyali"},
["dua"] = {"Duala"},
["dub"] = {"Dubli"},
["duc"] = {"Duna"},
["due"] = {"Umiray Dumaget Agta"},
["duf"] = {"Dumbea", "Drubea"},
["dug"] = {"Duruma", "Chiduruma"},
["duh"] = {"Dungra Bhil"},
["dui"] = {"Dumun"},
["duk"] = {"Uyajitaya"},
["dul"] = {"Alabat Island Agta"},
["dum"] = {"Middle Dutch (ca. 1050-1350)"},
["dun"] = {"Dusun Deyah"},
["duo"] = {"Dupaninan Agta"},
["dup"] = {"Duano"},
["duq"] = {"Dusun Malang"},
["dur"] = {"Dii"},
["dus"] = {"Dumi"},
["duu"] = {"Drung"},
["duv"] = {"Duvle"},
["duw"] = {"Dusun Witu"},
["dux"] = {"Duungooma"},
["duy"] = {"Dicamay Agta"},
["duz"] = {"Duli-Gey"},
["dva"] = {"Duau"},
["dwa"] = {"Diri"},
["dwk"] = {"Dawik Kui"},
["dwr"] = {"Dawro"},
["dws"] = {"Dutton World Speedwords"},
["dwu"] = {"Dhuwal"},
["dww"] = {"Dawawa"},
["dwy"] = {"Dhuwaya"},
["dwz"] = {"Dewas Rai"},
["dya"] = {"Dyan"},
["dyb"] = {"Dyaberdyaber"},
["dyd"] = {"Dyugun"},
["dyg"] = {"Villa Viciosa Agta"},
["dyi"] = {"Djimini Senoufo"},
["dyl"] = {"Bhutanese Sign Language"},
["dym"] = {"Yanda Dom Dogon"},
["dyn"] = {"Dyangadi", "Dhanggatti"},
["dyo"] = {"Jola-Fonyi"},
["dyr"] = {"Dyarim"},
["dyu"] = {"Dyula"},
["dyy"] = {"Djabugay", "Dyaabugay"},
["dza"] = {"Tunzu"},
["dzd"] = {"Daza"},
["dze"] = {"Djiwarli"},
["dzg"] = {"Dazaga"},
["dzl"] = {"Dzalakha"},
["dzn"] = {"Dzando"},
["eaa"] = {"Karenggapa"},
["ebc"] = {"Beginci"},
["ebg"] = {"Ebughu"},
["ebk"] = {"Eastern Bontok"},
["ebo"] = {"Teke-Ebo"},
["ebr"] = {"Ebrié"},
["ebu"] = {"Embu", "Kiembu"},
["ecr"] = {"Eteocretan"},
["ecs"] = {"Ecuadorian Sign Language"},
["ecy"] = {"Eteocypriot"},
["eee"] = {"E"},
["efa"] = {"Efai"},
["efe"] = {"Efe"},
["efi"] = {"Efik"},
["ega"] = {"Ega"},
["egl"] = {"Emilian"},
["egm"] = {"Benamanga"},
["ego"] = {"Eggon"},
["egx"] = {"Egyptian languages"},
["egy"] = {"Egyptian (Ancient)"},
["ehs"] = {"Miyakubo Sign Language"},
["ehu"] = {"Ehueun"},
["eip"] = {"Eipomek"},
["eit"] = {"Eitiep"},
["eiv"] = {"Askopan"},
["eja"] = {"Ejamat"},
["eka"] = {"Ekajuk"},
["eke"] = {"Ekit"},
["ekg"] = {"Ekari"},
["eki"] = {"Eki"},
["ekk"] = {"Standard Estonian"},
["ekl"] = {"Kol (Bangladesh)", "Kol"},
["ekm"] = {"Elip"},
["eko"] = {"Koti"},
["ekp"] = {"Ekpeye"},
["ekr"] = {"Yace"},
["eky"] = {"Eastern Kayah"},
["ele"] = {"Elepi"},
["elh"] = {"El Hugeirat"},
["eli"] = {"Nding"},
["elk"] = {"Elkei"},
["elm"] = {"Eleme"},
["elo"] = {"El Molo"},
["elu"] = {"Elu"},
["elx"] = {"Elamite"},
["ema"] = {"Emai-Iuleha-Ora"},
["emb"] = {"Embaloh"},
["eme"] = {"Emerillon"},
["emg"] = {"Eastern Meohang"},
["emi"] = {"Mussau-Emira"},
["emk"] = {"Eastern Maninkakan"},
["emm"] = {"Mamulique"},
["emn"] = {"Eman"},
["emp"] = {"Northern Emberá"},
["emq"] = {"Eastern Minyag"},
["ems"] = {"Pacific Gulf Yupik"},
["emu"] = {"Eastern Muria"},
["emw"] = {"Emplawas"},
["emx"] = {"Erromintxela"},
["emy"] = {"Epigraphic Mayan"},
["emz"] = {"Mbessa"},
["ena"] = {"Apali"},
["enb"] = {"Markweeta"},
["enc"] = {"En"},
["end"] = {"Ende"},
["enf"] = {"Forest Enets"},
["enh"] = {"Tundra Enets"},
["enl"] = {"Enlhet"},
["enm"] = {"Middle English (1100-1500)"},
["enn"] = {"Engenni"},
["eno"] = {"Enggano"},
["enq"] = {"Enga"},
["enr"] = {"Emumu", "Emem"},
["enu"] = {"Enu"},
["env"] = {"Enwan (Edo State)"},
["enw"] = {"Enwan (Akwa Ibom State)"},
["enx"] = {"Enxet"},
["eot"] = {"Beti (Côte d'Ivoire)"},
["epi"] = {"Epie"},
["era"] = {"Eravallan"},
["erg"] = {"Sie"},
["erh"] = {"Eruwa"},
["eri"] = {"Ogea"},
["erk"] = {"South Efate"},
["ero"] = {"Horpa"},
["err"] = {"Erre"},
["ers"] = {"Ersu"},
["ert"] = {"Eritai"},
["erw"] = {"Erokwanas"},
["ese"] = {"Ese Ejja"},
["esg"] = {"Aheri Gondi"},
["esh"] = {"Eshtehardi"},
["esi"] = {"North Alaskan Inupiatun"},
["esk"] = {"Northwest Alaska Inupiatun"},
["esl"] = {"Egypt Sign Language"},
["esm"] = {"Esuma"},
["esn"] = {"Salvadoran Sign Language"},
["eso"] = {"Estonian Sign Language"},
["esq"] = {"Esselen"},
["ess"] = {"Central Siberian Yupik"},
["esu"] = {"Central Yupik"},
["esx"] = {"Eskimo-Aleut languages"},
["esy"] = {"Eskayan"},
["etb"] = {"Etebi"},
["etc"] = {"Etchemin"},
["eth"] = {"Ethiopian Sign Language"},
["etn"] = {"Eton (Vanuatu)"},
["eto"] = {"Eton (Cameroon)"},
["etr"] = {"Edolo"},
["ets"] = {"Yekhee"},
["ett"] = {"Etruscan"},
["etu"] = {"Ejagham"},
["etx"] = {"Eten"},
["etz"] = {"Semimi"},
["eud"] = {"Eudeve"},
["euq"] = {"Basque (family)"},
["eve"] = {"Even"},
["evh"] = {"Uvbie"},
["evn"] = {"Evenki"},
["ewo"] = {"Ewondo"},
["ext"] = {"Extremaduran"},
["eya"] = {"Eyak"},
["eyo"] = {"Keiyo"},
["eza"] = {"Ezaa"},
["eze"] = {"Uzekwe"},
["faa"] = {"Fasu"},
["fab"] = {"Fa d'Ambu"},
["fad"] = {"Wagi"},
["faf"] = {"Fagani"},
["fag"] = {"Finongan"},
["fah"] = {"Baissa Fali"},
["fai"] = {"Faiwol"},
["faj"] = {"Faita"},
["fak"] = {"Fang (Cameroon)"},
["fal"] = {"South Fali"},
["fam"] = {"Fam"},
["fan"] = {"Fang (Equatorial Guinea)"},
["fap"] = {"Paloor"},
["far"] = {"Fataleka"},
["fat"] = {"Fanti"},
["fau"] = {"Fayu"},
["fax"] = {"Fala"},
["fay"] = {"Southwestern Fars"},
["faz"] = {"Northwestern Fars"},
["fbl"] = {"West Albay Bikol"},
["fcs"] = {"Quebec Sign Language"},
["fer"] = {"Feroge"},
["ffi"] = {"Foia Foia"},
["ffm"] = {"Maasina Fulfulde"},
["fgr"] = {"Fongoro"},
["fia"] = {"Nobiin"},
["fie"] = {"Fyer"},
["fif"] = {"Faifi"},
["fil"] = {"Filipino", "Pilipino"},
["fip"] = {"Fipa"},
["fir"] = {"Firan"},
["fit"] = {"Tornedalen Finnish", "Meänkieli"},
["fiu"] = {"Finno-Ugrian languages"},
["fiw"] = {"Fiwaga"},
["fkk"] = {"Kirya-Konzəl"},
["fkv"] = {"Kven Finnish"},
["fla"] = {"Kalispel-Pend d'Oreille"},
["flh"] = {"Foau"},
["fli"] = {"Fali"},
["fll"] = {"North Fali"},
["fln"] = {"Flinders Island"},
["flr"] = {"Fuliiru"},
["fly"] = {"Flaaitaal", "Tsotsitaal"},
["fmp"] = {"Fe'fe'"},
["fmu"] = {"Far Western Muria"},
["fnb"] = {"Fanbak"},
["fng"] = {"Fanagalo"},
["fni"] = {"Fania"},
["fod"] = {"Foodo"},
["foi"] = {"Foi"},
["fom"] = {"Foma"},
["fon"] = {"Fon"},
["for"] = {"Fore"},
["fos"] = {"Siraya"},
["fox"] = {"Formosan languages"},
["fpe"] = {"Fernando Po Creole English"},
["fqs"] = {"Fas"},
["frc"] = {"Cajun French"},
["frd"] = {"Fordata"},
["frk"] = {"Frankish"},
["frm"] = {"Middle French (ca. 1400-1600)"},
["fro"] = {"Old French (842-ca. 1400)"},
["frp"] = {"Arpitan", "Francoprovençal"},
["frq"] = {"Forak"},
["frr"] = {"Northern Frisian"},
["frs"] = {"Eastern Frisian"},
["frt"] = {"Fortsenal"},
["fse"] = {"Finnish Sign Language"},
["fsl"] = {"French Sign Language"},
["fss"] = {"Finland-Swedish Sign Language", "finlandssvenskt teckenspråk", "suomenruotsalainen viittomakieli"},
["fub"] = {"Adamawa Fulfulde"},
["fuc"] = {"Pulaar"},
["fud"] = {"East Futuna"},
["fue"] = {"Borgu Fulfulde"},
["fuf"] = {"Pular"},
["fuh"] = {"Western Niger Fulfulde"},
["fui"] = {"Bagirmi Fulfulde"},
["fuj"] = {"Ko"},
["fum"] = {"Fum"},
["fun"] = {"Fulniô"},
["fuq"] = {"Central-Eastern Niger Fulfulde"},
["fur"] = {"Friulian"},
["fut"] = {"Futuna-Aniwa"},
["fuu"] = {"Furu"},
["fuv"] = {"Nigerian Fulfulde"},
["fuy"] = {"Fuyug"},
["fvr"] = {"Fur"},
["fwa"] = {"Fwâi"},
["fwe"] = {"Fwe"},
["gaa"] = {"Ga"},
["gab"] = {"Gabri"},
["gac"] = {"Mixed Great Andamanese"},
["gad"] = {"Gaddang"},
["gae"] = {"Guarequena"},
["gaf"] = {"Gende"},
["gag"] = {"Gagauz"},
["gah"] = {"Alekano"},
["gai"] = {"Borei"},
["gaj"] = {"Gadsup"},
["gak"] = {"Gamkonora"},
["gal"] = {"Galolen"},
["gam"] = {"Kandawo"},
["gan"] = {"Gan Chinese"},
["gao"] = {"Gants"},
["gap"] = {"Gal"},
["gaq"] = {"Gata'"},
["gar"] = {"Galeya"},
["gas"] = {"Adiwasi Garasia"},
["gat"] = {"Kenati"},
["gau"] = {"Mudhili Gadaba"},
["gaw"] = {"Nobonob"},
["gax"] = {"Borana-Arsi-Guji Oromo"},
["gay"] = {"Gayo"},
["gaz"] = {"West Central Oromo"},
["gba"] = {"Gbaya (Central African Republic)"},
["gbb"] = {"Kaytetye"},
["gbd"] = {"Karajarri"},
["gbe"] = {"Niksek"},
["gbf"] = {"Gaikundi"},
["gbg"] = {"Gbanziri"},
["gbh"] = {"Defi Gbe"},
["gbi"] = {"Galela"},
["gbj"] = {"Bodo Gadaba"},
["gbk"] = {"Gaddi"},
["gbl"] = {"Gamit"},
["gbm"] = {"Garhwali"},
["gbn"] = {"Mo'da"},
["gbo"] = {"Northern Grebo"},
["gbp"] = {"Gbaya-Bossangoa"},
["gbq"] = {"Gbaya-Bozoum"},
["gbr"] = {"Gbagyi"},
["gbs"] = {"Gbesi Gbe"},
["gbu"] = {"Gagadu"},
["gbv"] = {"Gbanu"},
["gbw"] = {"Gabi-Gabi"},
["gbx"] = {"Eastern Xwla Gbe"},
["gby"] = {"Gbari"},
["gbz"] = {"Zoroastrian Dari"},
["gcc"] = {"Mali"},
["gcd"] = {"Ganggalida"},
["gce"] = {"Galice"},
["gcf"] = {"Guadeloupean Creole French"},
["gcl"] = {"Grenadian Creole English"},
["gcn"] = {"Gaina"},
["gcr"] = {"Guianese Creole French"},
["gct"] = {"Colonia Tovar German"},
["gda"] = {"Gade Lohar"},
["gdb"] = {"Pottangi Ollar Gadaba"},
["gdc"] = {"Gugu Badhun"},
["gdd"] = {"Gedaged"},
["gde"] = {"Gude"},
["gdf"] = {"Guduf-Gava"},
["gdg"] = {"Ga'dang"},
["gdh"] = {"Gadjerawang", "Gajirrabeng"},
["gdi"] = {"Gundi"},
["gdj"] = {"Gurdjar"},
["gdk"] = {"Gadang"},
["gdl"] = {"Dirasha"},
["gdm"] = {"Laal"},
["gdn"] = {"Umanakaina"},
["gdo"] = {"Ghodoberi"},
["gdq"] = {"Mehri"},
["gdr"] = {"Wipi"},
["gds"] = {"Ghandruk Sign Language"},
["gdt"] = {"Kungardutyi"},
["gdu"] = {"Gudu"},
["gdx"] = {"Godwari"},
["gea"] = {"Geruma"},
["geb"] = {"Kire"},
["gec"] = {"Gboloo Grebo"},
["ged"] = {"Gade"},
["gef"] = {"Gerai"},
["geg"] = {"Gengle"},
["geh"] = {"Hutterite German", "Hutterisch"},
["gei"] = {"Gebe"},
["gej"] = {"Gen"},
["gek"] = {"Ywom"},
["gel"] = {"ut-Ma'in"},
["gem"] = {"Germanic languages"},
["geq"] = {"Geme"},
["ges"] = {"Geser-Gorom"},
["gev"] = {"Eviya"},
["gew"] = {"Gera"},
["gex"] = {"Garre"},
["gey"] = {"Enya"},
["gez"] = {"Geez"},
["gfk"] = {"Patpatar"},
["gft"] = {"Gafat"},
["gga"] = {"Gao"},
["ggb"] = {"Gbii"},
["ggd"] = {"Gugadj"},
["gge"] = {"Gurr-goni"},
["ggg"] = {"Gurgula"},
["ggk"] = {"Kungarakany"},
["ggl"] = {"Ganglau"},
["ggt"] = {"Gitua"},
["ggu"] = {"Gagu", "Gban"},
["ggw"] = {"Gogodala"},
["gha"] = {"Ghadamès"},
["ghc"] = {"Hiberno-Scottish Gaelic"},
["ghe"] = {"Southern Ghale"},
["ghh"] = {"Northern Ghale"},
["ghk"] = {"Geko Karen"},
["ghl"] = {"Ghulfan"},
["ghn"] = {"Ghanongga"},
["gho"] = {"Ghomara"},
["ghr"] = {"Ghera"},
["ghs"] = {"Guhu-Samane"},
["ght"] = {"Kuke", "Kutang Ghale"},
["gia"] = {"Kija"},
["gib"] = {"Gibanawa"},
["gic"] = {"Gail"},
["gid"] = {"Gidar"},
["gie"] = {"Gaɓogbo", "Guébie"},
["gig"] = {"Goaria"},
["gih"] = {"Githabul"},
["gii"] = {"Girirra"},
["gil"] = {"Gilbertese"},
["gim"] = {"Gimi (Eastern Highlands)"},
["gin"] = {"Hinukh"},
["gip"] = {"Gimi (West New Britain)"},
["giq"] = {"Green Gelao"},
["gir"] = {"Red Gelao"},
["gis"] = {"North Giziga"},
["git"] = {"Gitxsan"},
["giu"] = {"Mulao"},
["giw"] = {"White Gelao"},
["gix"] = {"Gilima"},
["giy"] = {"Giyug"},
["giz"] = {"South Giziga"},
["gjk"] = {"Kachi Koli"},
["gjm"] = {"Gunditjmara"},
["gjn"] = {"Gonja"},
["gjr"] = {"Gurindji Kriol"},
["gju"] = {"Gujari"},
["gka"] = {"Guya"},
["gkd"] = {"Magɨ (Madang Province)"},
["gke"] = {"Ndai"},
["gkn"] = {"Gokana"},
["gko"] = {"Kok-Nar"},
["gkp"] = {"Guinea Kpelle"},
["gku"] = {"ǂUngkue"},
["glb"] = {"Belning"},
["glc"] = {"Bon Gula"},
["gld"] = {"Nanai"},
["glh"] = {"Northwest Pashai", "Northwest Pashayi"},
["glj"] = {"Gula Iro"},
["glk"] = {"Gilaki"},
["gll"] = {"Garlali"},
["glo"] = {"Galambu"},
["glr"] = {"Glaro-Twabo"},
["glu"] = {"Gula (Chad)"},
["glw"] = {"Glavda"},
["gly"] = {"Gule"},
["gma"] = {"Gambera"},
["gmb"] = {"Gula'alaa"},
["gmd"] = {"Mághdì"},
["gme"] = {"East Germanic languages"},
["gmg"] = {"Magɨyi"},
["gmh"] = {"Middle High German (ca. 1050-1500)"},
["gml"] = {"Middle Low German"},
["gmm"] = {"Gbaya-Mbodomo"},
["gmn"] = {"Gimnime"},
["gmq"] = {"North Germanic languages"},
["gmr"] = {"Mirning", "Mirniny"},
["gmu"] = {"Gumalu"},
["gmv"] = {"Gamo"},
["gmw"] = {"West Germanic languages"},
["gmx"] = {"Magoma"},
["gmy"] = {"Mycenaean Greek"},
["gmz"] = {"Mgbolizhia"},
["gna"] = {"Kaansa"},
["gnb"] = {"Gangte"},
["gnc"] = {"Guanche"},
["gnd"] = {"Zulgo-Gemzek"},
["gne"] = {"Ganang"},
["gng"] = {"Ngangam"},
["gnh"] = {"Lere"},
["gni"] = {"Gooniyandi"},
["gnj"] = {"Ngen"},
["gnk"] = {"ǁGana"},
["gnl"] = {"Gangulu"},
["gnm"] = {"Ginuman"},
["gnn"] = {"Gumatj"},
["gno"] = {"Northern Gondi"},
["gnq"] = {"Gana"},
["gnr"] = {"Gureng Gureng"},
["gnt"] = {"Guntai"},
["gnu"] = {"Gnau"},
["gnw"] = {"Western Bolivian Guaraní"},
["gnz"] = {"Ganzi"},
["goa"] = {"Guro"},
["gob"] = {"Playero"},
["goc"] = {"Gorakor"},
["god"] = {"Godié"},
["goe"] = {"Gongduk"},
["gof"] = {"Gofa"},
["gog"] = {"Gogo"},
["goh"] = {"Old High German (ca. 750-1050)"},
["goi"] = {"Gobasi"},
["goj"] = {"Gowlan"},
["gok"] = {"Gowli"},
["gol"] = {"Gola"},
["gom"] = {"Goan Konkani"},
["gon"] = {"Gondi"},
["goo"] = {"Gone Dau"},
["gop"] = {"Yeretuar"},
["goq"] = {"Gorap"},
["gor"] = {"Gorontalo"},
["gos"] = {"Gronings"},
["got"] = {"Gothic"},
["gou"] = {"Gavar"},
["gov"] = {"Goo"},
["gow"] = {"Gorowa"},
["gox"] = {"Gobu"},
["goy"] = {"Goundo"},
["goz"] = {"Gozarkhani"},
["gpa"] = {"Gupa-Abawa"},
["gpe"] = {"Ghanaian Pidgin English"},
["gpn"] = {"Taiap"},
["gqa"] = {"Ga'anda"},
["gqi"] = {"Guiqiong"},
["gqn"] = {"Guana (Brazil)"},
["gqr"] = {"Gor"},
["gqu"] = {"Qau"},
["gra"] = {"Rajput Garasia"},
["grb"] = {"Grebo"},
["grc"] = {"Ancient Greek (to 1453)"},
["grd"] = {"Guruntum-Mbaaru"},
["grg"] = {"Madi"},
["grh"] = {"Gbiri-Niragu"},
["gri"] = {"Ghari"},
["grj"] = {"Southern Grebo"},
["grk"] = {"Greek languages"},
["grm"] = {"Kota Marudu Talantang"},
["gro"] = {"Groma"},
["grq"] = {"Gorovu"},
["grr"] = {"Taznatit"},
["grs"] = {"Gresi"},
["grt"] = {"Garo"},
["gru"] = {"Kistane"},
["grv"] = {"Central Grebo"},
["grw"] = {"Gweda"},
["grx"] = {"Guriaso"},
["gry"] = {"Barclayville Grebo"},
["grz"] = {"Guramalum"},
["gse"] = {"Ghanaian Sign Language"},
["gsg"] = {"German Sign Language"},
["gsl"] = {"Gusilay"},
["gsm"] = {"Guatemalan Sign Language"},
["gsn"] = {"Nema", "Gusan"},
["gso"] = {"Southwest Gbaya"},
["gsp"] = {"Wasembo"},
["gss"] = {"Greek Sign Language"},
["gsw"] = {"Swiss German", "Alemannic", "Alsatian"},
["gta"] = {"Guató"},
["gtu"] = {"Aghu-Tharnggala"},
["gua"] = {"Shiki"},
["gub"] = {"Guajajára"},
["guc"] = {"Wayuu"},
["gud"] = {"Yocoboué Dida"},
["gue"] = {"Gurindji"},
["guf"] = {"Gupapuyngu"},
["gug"] = {"Paraguayan Guaraní"},
["guh"] = {"Guahibo"},
["gui"] = {"Eastern Bolivian Guaraní"},
["guk"] = {"Gumuz"},
["gul"] = {"Sea Island Creole English"},
["gum"] = {"Guambiano"},
["gun"] = {"Mbyá Guaraní"},
["guo"] = {"Guayabero"},
["gup"] = {"Gunwinggu"},
["guq"] = {"Aché"},
["gur"] = {"Farefare"},
["gus"] = {"Guinean Sign Language"},
["gut"] = {"Maléku Jaíka"},
["guu"] = {"Yanomamö"},
["guw"] = {"Gun"},
["gux"] = {"Gourmanchéma"},
["guz"] = {"Gusii", "Ekegusii"},
["gva"] = {"Guana (Paraguay)"},
["gvc"] = {"Guanano"},
["gve"] = {"Duwet"},
["gvf"] = {"Golin"},
["gvj"] = {"Guajá"},
["gvl"] = {"Gulay"},
["gvm"] = {"Gurmana"},
["gvn"] = {"Kuku-Yalanji"},
["gvo"] = {"Gavião Do Jiparaná"},
["gvp"] = {"Pará Gavião"},
["gvr"] = {"Gurung"},
["gvs"] = {"Gumawana"},
["gvy"] = {"Guyani"},
["gwa"] = {"Mbato"},
["gwb"] = {"Gwa"},
["gwc"] = {"Gawri", "Kalami"},
["gwd"] = {"Gawwada"},
["gwe"] = {"Gweno"},
["gwf"] = {"Gowro"},
["gwg"] = {"Moo"},
["gwi"] = {"Gwichʼin"},
["gwj"] = {"ǀGwi"},
["gwm"] = {"Awngthim"},
["gwn"] = {"Gwandara"},
["gwr"] = {"Gwere"},
["gwt"] = {"Gawar-Bati"},
["gwu"] = {"Guwamu"},
["gww"] = {"Kwini"},
["gwx"] = {"Gua"},
["gxx"] = {"Wè Southern"},
["gya"] = {"Northwest Gbaya"},
["gyb"] = {"Garus"},
["gyd"] = {"Kayardild"},
["gye"] = {"Gyem"},
["gyf"] = {"Gungabula"},
["gyg"] = {"Gbayi"},
["gyi"] = {"Gyele"},
["gyl"] = {"Gayil"},
["gym"] = {"Ngäbere"},
["gyn"] = {"Guyanese Creole English"},
["gyo"] = {"Gyalsumdo"},
["gyr"] = {"Guarayu"},
["gyy"] = {"Gunya"},
["gyz"] = {"Geji", "Gyaazi"},
["gza"] = {"Ganza"},
["gzi"] = {"Gazi"},
["gzn"] = {"Gane"},
["haa"] = {"Hän"},
["hab"] = {"Hanoi Sign Language"},
["hac"] = {"Gurani"},
["had"] = {"Hatam"},
["hae"] = {"Eastern Oromo"},
["haf"] = {"Haiphong Sign Language"},
["hag"] = {"Hanga"},
["hah"] = {"Hahon"},
["hai"] = {"Haida"},
["haj"] = {"Hajong"},
["hak"] = {"Hakka Chinese"},
["hal"] = {"Halang"},
["ham"] = {"Hewa"},
["han"] = {"Hangaza"},
["hao"] = {"Hakö"},
["hap"] = {"Hupla"},
["haq"] = {"Ha"},
["har"] = {"Harari"},
["has"] = {"Haisla"},
["hav"] = {"Havu"},
["haw"] = {"Hawaiian"},
["hax"] = {"Southern Haida"},
["hay"] = {"Haya"},
["haz"] = {"Hazaragi"},
["hba"] = {"Hamba"},
["hbb"] = {"Huba"},
["hbn"] = {"Heiban"},
["hbo"] = {"Ancient Hebrew"},
["hbu"] = {"Habu"},
["hca"] = {"Andaman Creole Hindi"},
["hch"] = {"Huichol"},
["hdn"] = {"Northern Haida"},
["hds"] = {"Honduras Sign Language"},
["hdy"] = {"Hadiyya"},
["hea"] = {"Northern Qiandong Miao"},
["hed"] = {"Herdé"},
["heg"] = {"Helong"},
["heh"] = {"Hehe"},
["hei"] = {"Heiltsuk"},
["hem"] = {"Hemba"},
["hgm"] = {"Haiǁom"},
["hgw"] = {"Haigwai"},
["hhi"] = {"Hoia Hoia"},
["hhr"] = {"Kerak"},
["hhy"] = {"Hoyahoya"},
["hia"] = {"Lamang"},
["hib"] = {"Hibito"},
["hid"] = {"Hidatsa"},
["hif"] = {"Fiji Hindi"},
["hig"] = {"Kamwe"},
["hih"] = {"Pamosu"},
["hii"] = {"Hinduri"},
["hij"] = {"Hijuk"},
["hik"] = {"Seit-Kaitetu"},
["hil"] = {"Hiligaynon"},
["him"] = {"Himachali languages", "Western Pahari languages"},
["hio"] = {"Tsoa"},
["hir"] = {"Himarimã"},
["hit"] = {"Hittite"},
["hiw"] = {"Hiw"},
["hix"] = {"Hixkaryána"},
["hji"] = {"Haji"},
["hka"] = {"Kahe"},
["hke"] = {"Hunde"},
["hkh"] = {"Khah", "Poguli"},
["hkk"] = {"Hunjara-Kaina Ke"},
["hkn"] = {"Mel-Khaonh"},
["hks"] = {"Hong Kong Sign Language", "Heung Kong Sau Yue"},
["hla"] = {"Halia"},
["hlb"] = {"Halbi"},
["hld"] = {"Halang Doan"},
["hle"] = {"Hlersu"},
["hlt"] = {"Matu Chin"},
["hlu"] = {"Hieroglyphic Luwian"},
["hma"] = {"Southern Mashan Hmong", "Southern Mashan Miao"},
["hmb"] = {"Humburi Senni Songhay"},
["hmc"] = {"Central Huishui Hmong", "Central Huishui Miao"},
["hmd"] = {"Large Flowery Miao", "A-hmaos", "Da-Hua Miao"},
["hme"] = {"Eastern Huishui Hmong", "Eastern Huishui Miao"},
["hmf"] = {"Hmong Don"},
["hmg"] = {"Southwestern Guiyang Hmong"},
["hmh"] = {"Southwestern Huishui Hmong", "Southwestern Huishui Miao"},
["hmi"] = {"Northern Huishui Hmong", "Northern Huishui Miao"},
["hmj"] = {"Ge", "Gejia"},
["hmk"] = {"Maek"},
["hml"] = {"Luopohe Hmong", "Luopohe Miao"},
["hmm"] = {"Central Mashan Hmong", "Central Mashan Miao"},
["hmn"] = {"Hmong", "Mong"},
["hmp"] = {"Northern Mashan Hmong", "Northern Mashan Miao"},
["hmq"] = {"Eastern Qiandong Miao"},
["hmr"] = {"Hmar"},
["hms"] = {"Southern Qiandong Miao"},
["hmt"] = {"Hamtai"},
["hmu"] = {"Hamap"},
["hmv"] = {"Hmong Dô"},
["hmw"] = {"Western Mashan Hmong", "Western Mashan Miao"},
["hmx"] = {"Hmong-Mien languages"},
["hmy"] = {"Southern Guiyang Hmong", "Southern Guiyang Miao"},
["hmz"] = {"Hmong Shua", "Sinicized Miao"},
["hna"] = {"Mina (Cameroon)"},
["hnd"] = {"Southern Hindko"},
["hne"] = {"Chhattisgarhi"},
["hng"] = {"Hungu"},
["hnh"] = {"ǁAni"},
["hni"] = {"Hani"},
["hnj"] = {"Hmong Njua", "Mong Leng", "Mong Njua"},
["hnm"] = {"Hainanese"},
["hnn"] = {"Hanunoo"},
["hno"] = {"Northern Hindko"},
["hns"] = {"Caribbean Hindustani"},
["hnu"] = {"Hung"},
["hoa"] = {"Hoava"},
["hob"] = {"Mari (Madang Province)"},
["hoc"] = {"Ho"},
["hod"] = {"Holma"},
["hoe"] = {"Horom"},
["hoh"] = {"Hobyót"},
["hoi"] = {"Holikachuk"},
["hoj"] = {"Hadothi", "Haroti"},
["hok"] = {"Hokan languages"},
["hol"] = {"Holu"},
["hom"] = {"Homa"},
["hoo"] = {"Holoholo"},
["hop"] = {"Hopi"},
["hor"] = {"Horo"},
["hos"] = {"Ho Chi Minh City Sign Language"},
["hot"] = {"Hote", "Malê"},
["hov"] = {"Hovongan"},
["how"] = {"Honi"},
["hoy"] = {"Holiya"},
["hoz"] = {"Hozo"},
["hpo"] = {"Hpon"},
["hps"] = {"Hawai'i Sign Language (HSL)", "Hawai'i Pidgin Sign Language"},
["hra"] = {"Hrangkhol"},
["hrc"] = {"Niwer Mil"},
["hre"] = {"Hre"},
["hrk"] = {"Haruku"},
["hrm"] = {"Horned Miao"},
["hro"] = {"Haroi"},
["hrp"] = {"Nhirrpi"},
["hrt"] = {"Hértevin"},
["hru"] = {"Hruso"},
["hrw"] = {"Warwar Feni"},
["hrx"] = {"Hunsrik"},
["hrz"] = {"Harzani"},
["hsb"] = {"Upper Sorbian"},
["hsh"] = {"Hungarian Sign Language"},
["hsl"] = {"Hausa Sign Language"},
["hsn"] = {"Xiang Chinese"},
["hss"] = {"Harsusi"},
["hti"] = {"Hoti"},
["hto"] = {"Minica Huitoto"},
["hts"] = {"Hadza"},
["htu"] = {"Hitu"},
["htx"] = {"Middle Hittite"},
["hub"] = {"Huambisa"},
["huc"] = {"ǂHua", "ǂʼAmkhoe"},
["hud"] = {"Huaulu"},
["hue"] = {"San Francisco Del Mar Huave"},
["huf"] = {"Humene"},
["hug"] = {"Huachipaeri"},
["huh"] = {"Huilliche"},
["hui"] = {"Huli"},
["huj"] = {"Northern Guiyang Hmong", "Northern Guiyang Miao"},
["huk"] = {"Hulung"},
["hul"] = {"Hula"},
["hum"] = {"Hungana"},
["huo"] = {"Hu"},
["hup"] = {"Hupa"},
["huq"] = {"Tsat"},
["hur"] = {"Halkomelem"},
["hus"] = {"Huastec"},
["hut"] = {"Humla"},
["huu"] = {"Murui Huitoto"},
["huv"] = {"San Mateo Del Mar Huave"},
["huw"] = {"Hukumina"},
["hux"] = {"Nüpode Huitoto"},
["huy"] = {"Hulaulá"},
["huz"] = {"Hunzib"},
["hvc"] = {"Haitian Vodoun Culture Language"},
["hve"] = {"San Dionisio Del Mar Huave"},
["hvk"] = {"Haveke"},
["hvn"] = {"Sabu"},
["hvv"] = {"Santa María Del Mar Huave"},
["hwa"] = {"Wané"},
["hwc"] = {"Hawai'i Creole English", "Hawai'i Pidgin"},
["hwo"] = {"Hwana"},
["hya"] = {"Hya"},
["hyw"] = {"Western Armenian"},
["hyx"] = {"Armenian (family)"},
["iai"] = {"Iaai"},
["ian"] = {"Iatmul"},
["iar"] = {"Purari"},
["iba"] = {"Iban"},
["ibb"] = {"Ibibio"},
["ibd"] = {"Iwaidja"},
["ibe"] = {"Akpes"},
["ibg"] = {"Ibanag"},
["ibh"] = {"Bih"},
["ibl"] = {"Ibaloi"},
["ibm"] = {"Agoi"},
["ibn"] = {"Ibino"},
["ibr"] = {"Ibuoro"},
["ibu"] = {"Ibu"},
["iby"] = {"Ibani"},
["ica"] = {"Ede Ica"},
["ich"] = {"Etkywan"},
["icl"] = {"Icelandic Sign Language"},
["icr"] = {"Islander Creole English"},
["ida"] = {"Idakho-Isukha-Tiriki", "Luidakho-Luisukha-Lutirichi"},
["idb"] = {"Indo-Portuguese"},
["idc"] = {"Idon", "Ajiya"},
["idd"] = {"Ede Idaca"},
["ide"] = {"Idere"},
["idi"] = {"Idi"},
["idr"] = {"Indri"},
["ids"] = {"Idesa"},
["idt"] = {"Idaté"},
["idu"] = {"Idoma"},
["ifa"] = {"Amganad Ifugao"},
["ifb"] = {"Batad Ifugao", "Ayangan Ifugao"},
["ife"] = {"Ifè"},
["iff"] = {"Ifo"},
["ifk"] = {"Tuwali Ifugao"},
["ifm"] = {"Teke-Fuumu"},
["ifu"] = {"Mayoyao Ifugao"},
["ify"] = {"Keley-I Kallahan"},
["igb"] = {"Ebira"},
["ige"] = {"Igede"},
["igg"] = {"Igana"},
["igl"] = {"Igala"},
["igm"] = {"Kanggape"},
["ign"] = {"Ignaciano"},
["igo"] = {"Isebe"},
["igs"] = {"Interglossa"},
["igw"] = {"Igwe"},
["ihb"] = {"Iha Based Pidgin"},
["ihi"] = {"Ihievbe"},
["ihp"] = {"Iha"},
["ihw"] = {"Bidhawal"},
["iin"] = {"Thiin"},
["iir"] = {"Indo-Iranian languages"},
["ijc"] = {"Izon"},
["ije"] = {"Biseni"},
["ijj"] = {"Ede Ije"},
["ijn"] = {"Kalabari"},
["ijo"] = {"Ijo languages"},
["ijs"] = {"Southeast Ijo"},
["ike"] = {"Eastern Canadian Inuktitut"},
["ikh"] = {"Ikhin-Arokho"},
["iki"] = {"Iko"},
["ikk"] = {"Ika"},
["ikl"] = {"Ikulu"},
["iko"] = {"Olulumo-Ikom"},
["ikp"] = {"Ikpeshi"},
["ikr"] = {"Ikaranggal"},
["iks"] = {"Inuit Sign Language"},
["ikt"] = {"Inuinnaqtun", "Western Canadian Inuktitut"},
["ikv"] = {"Iku-Gora-Ankwa"},
["ikw"] = {"Ikwere"},
["ikx"] = {"Ik"},
["ikz"] = {"Ikizu"},
["ila"] = {"Ile Ape"},
["ilb"] = {"Ila"},
["ilg"] = {"Garig-Ilgar"},
["ili"] = {"Ili Turki"},
["ilk"] = {"Ilongot"},
["ilm"] = {"Iranun (Malaysia)"},
["ilo"] = {"Iloko"},
["ilp"] = {"Iranun (Philippines)"},
["ils"] = {"International Sign"},
["ilu"] = {"Ili'uun"},
["ilv"] = {"Ilue"},
["ima"] = {"Mala Malasar"},
["imi"] = {"Anamgura"},
["iml"] = {"Miluk"},
["imn"] = {"Imonda"},
["imo"] = {"Imbongu"},
["imr"] = {"Imroing"},
["ims"] = {"Marsian"},
["imt"] = {"Imotong"},
["imy"] = {"Milyan"},
["inb"] = {"Inga"},
["inc"] = {"Indic languages"},
["ine"] = {"Indo-European languages"},
["ing"] = {"Degexit'an"},
["inh"] = {"Ingush"},
["inj"] = {"Jungle Inga"},
["inl"] = {"Indonesian Sign Language"},
["inm"] = {"Minaean"},
["inn"] = {"Isinai"},
["ino"] = {"Inoke-Yate"},
["inp"] = {"Iñapari"},
["ins"] = {"Indian Sign Language"},
["int"] = {"Intha"},
["inz"] = {"Ineseño"},
["ior"] = {"Inor"},
["iou"] = {"Tuma-Irumu"},
["iow"] = {"Iowa-Oto"},
["ipi"] = {"Ipili"},
["ipo"] = {"Ipiko"},
["iqu"] = {"Iquito"},
["iqw"] = {"Ikwo"},
["ira"] = {"Iranian languages"},
["ire"] = {"Iresim"},
["irh"] = {"Irarutu"},
["iri"] = {"Rigwe", "Irigwe"},
["irk"] = {"Iraqw"},
["irn"] = {"Irántxe"},
["iro"] = {"Iroquoian languages"},
["irr"] = {"Ir"},
["iru"] = {"Irula"},
["irx"] = {"Kamberau"},
["iry"] = {"Iraya"},
["isa"] = {"Isabi"},
["isc"] = {"Isconahua"},
["isd"] = {"Isnag"},
["ise"] = {"Italian Sign Language"},
["isg"] = {"Irish Sign Language"},
["ish"] = {"Esan"},
["isi"] = {"Nkem-Nkum"},
["isk"] = {"Ishkashimi"},
["ism"] = {"Masimasi"},
["isn"] = {"Isanzu"},
["iso"] = {"Isoko"},
["isr"] = {"Israeli Sign Language"},
["ist"] = {"Istriot"},
["isu"] = {"Isu", "Isu (Menchum Division)"},
["isv"] = {"Interslavic"},
["itb"] = {"Binongan Itneg"},
["itc"] = {"Italic languages"},
["itd"] = {"Southern Tidung"},
["ite"] = {"Itene"},
["iti"] = {"Inlaod Itneg"},
["itk"] = {"Judeo-Italian"},
["itl"] = {"Itelmen"},
["itm"] = {"Itu Mbon Uzo"},
["ito"] = {"Itonama"},
["itr"] = {"Iteri"},
["its"] = {"Isekiri"},
["itt"] = {"Maeng Itneg"},
["itv"] = {"Itawit"},
["itw"] = {"Ito"},
["itx"] = {"Itik"},
["ity"] = {"Moyadan Itneg"},
["itz"] = {"Itzá"},
["ium"] = {"Iu Mien"},
["ivb"] = {"Ibatan"},
["ivv"] = {"Ivatan"},
["iwk"] = {"I-Wak"},
["iwm"] = {"Iwam"},
["iwo"] = {"Iwur"},
["iws"] = {"Sepik Iwam"},
["ixc"] = {"Ixcatec"},
["ixl"] = {"Ixil"},
["iya"] = {"Iyayu"},
["iyo"] = {"Mesaka"},
["iyx"] = {"Yaka (Congo)"},
["izh"] = {"Ingrian"},
["izm"] = {"Kizamani"},
["izr"] = {"Izere"},
["izz"] = {"Izii"},
["jaa"] = {"Jamamadí"},
["jab"] = {"Hyam"},
["jac"] = {"Popti'", "Jakalteko"},
["jad"] = {"Jahanka"},
["jae"] = {"Yabem"},
["jaf"] = {"Jara"},
["jah"] = {"Jah Hut"},
["jaj"] = {"Zazao"},
["jak"] = {"Jakun"},
["jal"] = {"Yalahatan"},
["jam"] = {"Jamaican Creole English"},
["jan"] = {"Jandai"},
["jao"] = {"Yanyuwa"},
["jaq"] = {"Yaqay"},
["jas"] = {"New Caledonian Javanese"},
["jat"] = {"Jakati"},
["jau"] = {"Yaur"},
["jax"] = {"Jambi Malay"},
["jay"] = {"Yan-nhangu", "Nhangu"},
["jaz"] = {"Jawe"},
["jbe"] = {"Judeo-Berber"},
["jbi"] = {"Badjiri"},
["jbj"] = {"Arandai"},
["jbk"] = {"Barikewa"},
["jbm"] = {"Bijim"},
["jbn"] = {"Nafusi"},
["jbo"] = {"Lojban"},
["jbr"] = {"Jofotek-Bromnya"},
["jbt"] = {"Jabutí"},
["jbu"] = {"Jukun Takum"},
["jbw"] = {"Yawijibaya"},
["jcs"] = {"Jamaican Country Sign Language"},
["jct"] = {"Krymchak"},
["jda"] = {"Jad"},
["jdg"] = {"Jadgali"},
["jdt"] = {"Judeo-Tat"},
["jeb"] = {"Jebero"},
["jee"] = {"Jerung"},
["jeh"] = {"Jeh"},
["jei"] = {"Yei"},
["jek"] = {"Jeri Kuo"},
["jel"] = {"Yelmek"},
["jen"] = {"Dza"},
["jer"] = {"Jere"},
["jet"] = {"Manem"},
["jeu"] = {"Jonkor Bourmataguil"},
["jgb"] = {"Ngbee"},
["jge"] = {"Judeo-Georgian"},
["jgk"] = {"Gwak"},
["jgo"] = {"Ngomba"},
["jhi"] = {"Jehai"},
["jhs"] = {"Jhankot Sign Language"},
["jia"] = {"Jina"},
["jib"] = {"Jibu"},
["jic"] = {"Tol"},
["jid"] = {"Bu (Kaduna State)"},
["jie"] = {"Jilbe"},
["jig"] = {"Jingulu", "Djingili"},
["jih"] = {"sTodsde", "Shangzhai"},
["jii"] = {"Jiiddu"},
["jil"] = {"Jilim"},
["jim"] = {"Jimi (Cameroon)"},
["jio"] = {"Jiamao"},
["jiq"] = {"Guanyinqiao", "Lavrung"},
["jit"] = {"Jita"},
["jiu"] = {"Youle Jinuo"},
["jiv"] = {"Shuar"},
["jiy"] = {"Buyuan Jinuo"},
["jje"] = {"Jejueo"},
["jjr"] = {"Bankal"},
["jka"] = {"Kaera"},
["jkm"] = {"Mobwa Karen"},
["jko"] = {"Kubo"},
["jkp"] = {"Paku Karen"},
["jkr"] = {"Koro (India)"},
["jks"] = {"Amami Koniya Sign Language"},
["jku"] = {"Labir"},
["jle"] = {"Ngile"},
["jls"] = {"Jamaican Sign Language"},
["jma"] = {"Dima"},
["jmb"] = {"Zumbun"},
["jmc"] = {"Machame"},
["jmd"] = {"Yamdena"},
["jmi"] = {"Jimi (Nigeria)"},
["jml"] = {"Jumli"},
["jmn"] = {"Makuri Naga"},
["jmr"] = {"Kamara"},
["jms"] = {"Mashi (Nigeria)"},
["jmw"] = {"Mouwase"},
["jmx"] = {"Western Juxtlahuaca Mixtec"},
["jna"] = {"Jangshung"},
["jnd"] = {"Jandavra"},
["jng"] = {"Yangman"},
["jni"] = {"Janji"},
["jnj"] = {"Yemsa"},
["jnl"] = {"Rawat"},
["jns"] = {"Jaunsari"},
["job"] = {"Joba"},
["jod"] = {"Wojenaka"},
["jog"] = {"Jogi"},
["jor"] = {"Jorá"},
["jos"] = {"Jordanian Sign Language"},
["jow"] = {"Jowulu"},
["jpa"] = {"Jewish Palestinian Aramaic"},
["jpr"] = {"Judeo-Persian"},
["jpx"] = {"Japanese (family)"},
["jqr"] = {"Jaqaru"},
["jra"] = {"Jarai"},
["jrb"] = {"Judeo-Arabic"},
["jrr"] = {"Jiru"},
["jrt"] = {"Jakattoe"},
["jru"] = {"Japrería"},
["jsl"] = {"Japanese Sign Language"},
["jua"] = {"Júma"},
["jub"] = {"Wannu"},
["juc"] = {"Jurchen"},
["jud"] = {"Worodougou"},
["juh"] = {"Hõne"},
["jui"] = {"Ngadjuri"},
["juk"] = {"Wapan"},
["jul"] = {"Jirel"},
["jum"] = {"Jumjum"},
["jun"] = {"Juang"},
["juo"] = {"Jiba"},
["jup"] = {"Hupdë"},
["jur"] = {"Jurúna"},
["jus"] = {"Jumla Sign Language"},
["jut"] = {"Jutish"},
["juu"] = {"Ju"},
["juw"] = {"Wãpha"},
["juy"] = {"Juray"},
["jvd"] = {"Javindo"},
["jvn"] = {"Caribbean Javanese"},
["jwi"] = {"Jwira-Pepesa"},
["jya"] = {"Jiarong"},
["jye"] = {"Judeo-Yemeni Arabic"},
["jyy"] = {"Jaya"},
["kaa"] = {"Kara-Kalpak", "Karakalpak"},
["kab"] = {"Kabyle"},
["kac"] = {"Kachin", "Jingpho"},
["kad"] = {"Adara"},
["kae"] = {"Ketangalan"},
["kaf"] = {"Katso"},
["kag"] = {"Kajaman"},
["kah"] = {"Kara (Central African Republic)"},
["kai"] = {"Karekare"},
["kaj"] = {"Jju"},
["kak"] = {"Kalanguya", "Kayapa Kallahan"},
["kam"] = {"Kamba (Kenya)"},
["kao"] = {"Xaasongaxango"},
["kap"] = {"Bezhta"},
["kaq"] = {"Capanahua"},
["kar"] = {"Karen languages"},
["kav"] = {"Katukína"},
["kaw"] = {"Kawi"},
["kax"] = {"Kao"},
["kay"] = {"Kamayurá"},
["kba"] = {"Kalarko"},
["kbb"] = {"Kaxuiâna"},
["kbc"] = {"Kadiwéu"},
["kbd"] = {"Kabardian"},
["kbe"] = {"Kanju"},
["kbg"] = {"Khamba"},
["kbh"] = {"Camsá"},
["kbi"] = {"Kaptiau"},
["kbj"] = {"Kari"},
["kbk"] = {"Grass Koiari"},
["kbl"] = {"Kanembu"},
["kbm"] = {"Iwal"},
["kbn"] = {"Kare (Central African Republic)"},
["kbo"] = {"Keliko"},
["kbp"] = {"Kabiyè"},
["kbq"] = {"Kamano"},
["kbr"] = {"Kafa"},
["kbs"] = {"Kande"},
["kbt"] = {"Abadi"},
["kbu"] = {"Kabutra"},
["kbv"] = {"Dera (Indonesia)"},
["kbw"] = {"Kaiep"},
["kbx"] = {"Ap Ma"},
["kby"] = {"Manga Kanuri"},
["kbz"] = {"Duhwa"},
["kca"] = {"Khanty"},
["kcb"] = {"Kawacha"},
["kcc"] = {"Lubila"},
["kcd"] = {"Ngkâlmpw Kanum"},
["kce"] = {"Kaivi"},
["kcf"] = {"Ukaan"},
["kcg"] = {"Tyap"},
["kch"] = {"Vono"},
["kci"] = {"Ngyian", "Kamantan"},
["kcj"] = {"Kobiana"},
["kck"] = {"Kalanga"},
["kcl"] = {"Kela (Papua New Guinea)", "Kala"},
["kcm"] = {"Gula (Central African Republic)"},
["kcn"] = {"Nubi"},
["kco"] = {"Kinalakna"},
["kcp"] = {"Kanga"},
["kcq"] = {"Kamo"},
["kcr"] = {"Katla"},
["kcs"] = {"Koenoem"},
["kct"] = {"Kaian"},
["kcu"] = {"Kami (Tanzania)"},
["kcv"] = {"Kete"},
["kcw"] = {"Kabwari"},
["kcx"] = {"Kachama-Ganjule"},
["kcy"] = {"Korandje"},
["kcz"] = {"Konongo"},
["kda"] = {"Worimi"},
["kdc"] = {"Kutu"},
["kdd"] = {"Yankunytjatjara"},
["kde"] = {"Makonde"},
["kdf"] = {"Mamusi"},
["kdg"] = {"Seba"},
["kdh"] = {"Tem"},
["kdi"] = {"Kumam"},
["kdj"] = {"Karamojong"},
["kdk"] = {"Numèè", "Kwényi"},
["kdl"] = {"Tsikimba"},
["kdm"] = {"Kagoma"},
["kdn"] = {"Kunda"},
["kdo"] = {"Kordofanian languages"},
["kdp"] = {"Kaningdon-Nindem"},
["kdq"] = {"Koch"},
["kdr"] = {"Karaim"},
["kdt"] = {"Kuy"},
["kdu"] = {"Kadaru"},
["kdw"] = {"Koneraw"},
["kdx"] = {"Kam"},
["kdy"] = {"Keder", "Keijar"},
["kdz"] = {"Kwaja"},
["kea"] = {"Kabuverdianu"},
["keb"] = {"Kélé"},
["kec"] = {"Keiga"},
["ked"] = {"Kerewe"},
["kee"] = {"Eastern Keres"},
["kef"] = {"Kpessi"},
["keg"] = {"Tese"},
["keh"] = {"Keak"},
["kei"] = {"Kei"},
["kej"] = {"Kadar"},
["kek"] = {"Kekchí"},
["kel"] = {"Kela (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["kem"] = {"Kemak"},
["ken"] = {"Kenyang"},
["keo"] = {"Kakwa"},
["kep"] = {"Kaikadi"},
["keq"] = {"Kamar"},
["ker"] = {"Kera"},
["kes"] = {"Kugbo"},
["ket"] = {"Ket"},
["keu"] = {"Akebu"},
["kev"] = {"Kanikkaran"},
["kew"] = {"West Kewa"},
["kex"] = {"Kukna"},
["key"] = {"Kupia"},
["kez"] = {"Kukele"},
["kfa"] = {"Kodava"},
["kfb"] = {"Northwestern Kolami"},
["kfc"] = {"Konda-Dora"},
["kfd"] = {"Korra Koraga"},
["kfe"] = {"Kota (India)"},
["kff"] = {"Koya"},
["kfg"] = {"Kudiya"},
["kfh"] = {"Kurichiya"},
["kfi"] = {"Kannada Kurumba"},
["kfj"] = {"Kemiehua"},
["kfk"] = {"Kinnauri"},
["kfl"] = {"Kung"},
["kfm"] = {"Khunsari"},
["kfn"] = {"Kuk"},
["kfo"] = {"Koro (Côte d'Ivoire)"},
["kfp"] = {"Korwa"},
["kfq"] = {"Korku"},
["kfr"] = {"Kachhi", "Kutchi"},
["kfs"] = {"Bilaspuri"},
["kft"] = {"Kanjari"},
["kfu"] = {"Katkari"},
["kfv"] = {"Kurmukar"},
["kfw"] = {"Kharam Naga"},
["kfx"] = {"Kullu Pahari"},
["kfy"] = {"Kumaoni"},
["kfz"] = {"Koromfé"},
["kga"] = {"Koyaga"},
["kgb"] = {"Kawe"},
["kge"] = {"Komering"},
["kgf"] = {"Kube"},
["kgg"] = {"Kusunda"},
["kgi"] = {"Selangor Sign Language"},
["kgj"] = {"Gamale Kham"},
["kgk"] = {"Kaiwá"},
["kgl"] = {"Kunggari"},
["kgn"] = {"Karingani"},
["kgo"] = {"Krongo"},
["kgp"] = {"Kaingang"},
["kgq"] = {"Kamoro"},
["kgr"] = {"Abun"},
["kgs"] = {"Kumbainggar"},
["kgt"] = {"Somyev"},
["kgu"] = {"Kobol"},
["kgv"] = {"Karas"},
["kgw"] = {"Karon Dori"},
["kgx"] = {"Kamaru"},
["kgy"] = {"Kyerung"},
["kha"] = {"Khasi"},
["khb"] = {"Lü"},
["khc"] = {"Tukang Besi North"},
["khd"] = {"Bädi Kanum"},
["khe"] = {"Korowai"},
["khf"] = {"Khuen"},
["khg"] = {"Khams Tibetan"},
["khh"] = {"Kehu"},
["khi"] = {"Khoisan languages"},
["khj"] = {"Kuturmi"},
["khk"] = {"Halh Mongolian"},
["khl"] = {"Lusi"},
["khn"] = {"Khandesi"},
["kho"] = {"Khotanese", "Sakan"},
["khp"] = {"Kapori", "Kapauri"},
["khq"] = {"Koyra Chiini Songhay"},
["khr"] = {"Kharia"},
["khs"] = {"Kasua"},
["kht"] = {"Khamti"},
["khu"] = {"Nkhumbi"},
["khv"] = {"Khvarshi"},
["khw"] = {"Khowar"},
["khx"] = {"Kanu"},
["khy"] = {"Kele (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["khz"] = {"Keapara"},
["kia"] = {"Kim"},
["kib"] = {"Koalib"},
["kic"] = {"Kickapoo"},
["kid"] = {"Koshin"},
["kie"] = {"Kibet"},
["kif"] = {"Eastern Parbate Kham"},
["kig"] = {"Kimaama", "Kimaghima"},
["kih"] = {"Kilmeri"},
["kii"] = {"Kitsai"},
["kij"] = {"Kilivila"},
["kil"] = {"Kariya"},
["kim"] = {"Karagas"},
["kio"] = {"Kiowa"},
["kip"] = {"Sheshi Kham"},
["kiq"] = {"Kosadle", "Kosare"},
["kis"] = {"Kis"},
["kit"] = {"Agob"},
["kiu"] = {"Kirmanjki (individual language)"},
["kiv"] = {"Kimbu"},
["kiw"] = {"Northeast Kiwai"},
["kix"] = {"Khiamniungan Naga"},
["kiy"] = {"Kirikiri"},
["kiz"] = {"Kisi"},
["kja"] = {"Mlap"},
["kjb"] = {"Q'anjob'al", "Kanjobal"},
["kjc"] = {"Coastal Konjo"},
["kjd"] = {"Southern Kiwai"},
["kje"] = {"Kisar"},
["kjg"] = {"Khmu"},
["kjh"] = {"Khakas"},
["kji"] = {"Zabana"},
["kjj"] = {"Khinalugh"},
["kjk"] = {"Highland Konjo"},
["kjl"] = {"Western Parbate Kham"},
["kjm"] = {"Kháng"},
["kjn"] = {"Kunjen"},
["kjo"] = {"Kinnauri Pahari"},
["kjp"] = {"Pwo Eastern Karen"},
["kjq"] = {"Western Keres"},
["kjr"] = {"Kurudu"},
["kjs"] = {"East Kewa"},
["kjt"] = {"Phrae Pwo Karen"},
["kju"] = {"Kashaya"},
["kjv"] = {"Kaikavian Literary Language"},
["kjx"] = {"Ramopa"},
["kjy"] = {"Erave"},
["kjz"] = {"Bumthangkha"},
["kka"] = {"Kakanda"},
["kkb"] = {"Kwerisa"},
["kkc"] = {"Odoodee"},
["kkd"] = {"Kinuku"},
["kke"] = {"Kakabe"},
["kkf"] = {"Kalaktang Monpa"},
["kkg"] = {"Mabaka Valley Kalinga"},
["kkh"] = {"Khün"},
["kki"] = {"Kagulu"},
["kkj"] = {"Kako"},
["kkk"] = {"Kokota"},
["kkl"] = {"Kosarek Yale"},
["kkm"] = {"Kiong"},
["kkn"] = {"Kon Keu"},
["kko"] = {"Karko"},
["kkp"] = {"Gugubera", "Koko-Bera"},
["kkq"] = {"Kaeku"},
["kkr"] = {"Kir-Balar"},
["kks"] = {"Giiwo"},
["kkt"] = {"Koi"},
["kku"] = {"Tumi"},
["kkv"] = {"Kangean"},
["kkw"] = {"Teke-Kukuya"},
["kkx"] = {"Kohin"},
["kky"] = {"Guugu Yimidhirr", "Guguyimidjir"},
["kkz"] = {"Kaska"},
["kla"] = {"Klamath-Modoc"},
["klb"] = {"Kiliwa"},
["klc"] = {"Kolbila"},
["kld"] = {"Gamilaraay"},
["kle"] = {"Kulung (Nepal)"},
["klf"] = {"Kendeje"},
["klg"] = {"Tagakaulo"},
["klh"] = {"Weliki"},
["kli"] = {"Kalumpang"},
["klj"] = {"Khalaj"},
["klk"] = {"Kono (Nigeria)"},
["kll"] = {"Kagan Kalagan"},
["klm"] = {"Migum"},
["kln"] = {"Kalenjin"},
["klo"] = {"Kapya"},
["klp"] = {"Kamasa"},
["klq"] = {"Rumu"},
["klr"] = {"Khaling"},
["kls"] = {"Kalasha"},
["klt"] = {"Nukna"},
["klu"] = {"Klao"},
["klv"] = {"Maskelynes"},
["klw"] = {"Tado", "Lindu"},
["klx"] = {"Koluwawa"},
["kly"] = {"Kalao"},
["klz"] = {"Kabola"},
["kma"] = {"Konni"},
["kmb"] = {"Kimbundu"},
["kmc"] = {"Southern Dong"},
["kmd"] = {"Majukayang Kalinga"},
["kme"] = {"Bakole"},
["kmf"] = {"Kare (Papua New Guinea)"},
["kmg"] = {"Kâte"},
["kmh"] = {"Kalam"},
["kmi"] = {"Kami (Nigeria)"},
["kmj"] = {"Kumarbhag Paharia"},
["kmk"] = {"Limos Kalinga"},
["kml"] = {"Tanudan Kalinga"},
["kmm"] = {"Kom (India)"},
["kmn"] = {"Awtuw"},
["kmo"] = {"Kwoma"},
["kmp"] = {"Gimme"},
["kmq"] = {"Kwama"},
["kmr"] = {"Northern Kurdish"},
["kms"] = {"Kamasau"},
["kmt"] = {"Kemtuik"},
["kmu"] = {"Kanite"},
["kmv"] = {"Karipúna Creole French"},
["kmw"] = {"Komo (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["kmx"] = {"Waboda"},
["kmy"] = {"Koma"},
["kmz"] = {"Khorasani Turkish"},
["kna"] = {"Dera (Nigeria)"},
["knb"] = {"Lubuagan Kalinga"},
["knc"] = {"Central Kanuri"},
["knd"] = {"Konda"},
["kne"] = {"Kankanaey"},
["knf"] = {"Mankanya"},
["kng"] = {"Koongo"},
["kni"] = {"Kanufi"},
["knj"] = {"Western Kanjobal"},
["knk"] = {"Kuranko"},
["knl"] = {"Keninjal"},
["knm"] = {"Kanamarí"},
["knn"] = {"Konkani (individual language)"},
["kno"] = {"Kono (Sierra Leone)"},
["knp"] = {"Kwanja"},
["knq"] = {"Kintaq"},
["knr"] = {"Kaningra"},
["kns"] = {"Kensiu"},
["knt"] = {"Panoan Katukína"},
["knu"] = {"Kono (Guinea)"},
["knv"] = {"Tabo"},
["knw"] = {"Kung-Ekoka"},
["knx"] = {"Kendayan", "Salako"},
["kny"] = {"Kanyok"},
["knz"] = {"Kalamsé"},
["koa"] = {"Konomala"},
["koc"] = {"Kpati"},
["kod"] = {"Kodi"},
["koe"] = {"Kacipo-Bale Suri"},
["kof"] = {"Kubi"},
["kog"] = {"Cogui", "Kogi"},
["koh"] = {"Koyo"},
["koi"] = {"Komi-Permyak"},
["kok"] = {"Konkani (macrolanguage)"},
["kol"] = {"Kol (Papua New Guinea)"},
["koo"] = {"Konzo"},
["kop"] = {"Waube"},
["koq"] = {"Kota (Gabon)"},
["kos"] = {"Kosraean"},
["kot"] = {"Lagwan"},
["kou"] = {"Koke"},
["kov"] = {"Kudu-Camo"},
["kow"] = {"Kugama"},
["koy"] = {"Koyukon"},
["koz"] = {"Korak"},
["kpa"] = {"Kutto"},
["kpb"] = {"Mullu Kurumba"},
["kpc"] = {"Curripaco"},
["kpd"] = {"Koba"},
["kpe"] = {"Kpelle"},
["kpf"] = {"Komba"},
["kpg"] = {"Kapingamarangi"},
["kph"] = {"Kplang"},
["kpi"] = {"Kofei"},
["kpj"] = {"Karajá"},
["kpk"] = {"Kpan"},
["kpl"] = {"Kpala"},
["kpm"] = {"Koho"},
["kpn"] = {"Kepkiriwát"},
["kpo"] = {"Ikposo"},
["kpq"] = {"Korupun-Sela"},
["kpr"] = {"Korafe-Yegha"},
["kps"] = {"Tehit"},
["kpt"] = {"Karata"},
["kpu"] = {"Kafoa"},
["kpv"] = {"Komi-Zyrian"},
["kpw"] = {"Kobon"},
["kpx"] = {"Mountain Koiali"},
["kpy"] = {"Koryak"},
["kpz"] = {"Kupsabiny"},
["kqa"] = {"Mum"},
["kqb"] = {"Kovai"},
["kqc"] = {"Doromu-Koki"},
["kqd"] = {"Koy Sanjaq Surat"},
["kqe"] = {"Kalagan"},
["kqf"] = {"Kakabai"},
["kqg"] = {"Khe"},
["kqh"] = {"Kisankasa"},
["kqi"] = {"Koitabu"},
["kqj"] = {"Koromira"},
["kqk"] = {"Kotafon Gbe"},
["kql"] = {"Kyenele"},
["kqm"] = {"Khisa"},
["kqn"] = {"Kaonde"},
["kqo"] = {"Eastern Krahn"},
["kqp"] = {"Kimré"},
["kqq"] = {"Krenak"},
["kqr"] = {"Kimaragang"},
["kqs"] = {"Northern Kissi"},
["kqt"] = {"Klias River Kadazan"},
["kqu"] = {"Seroa"},
["kqv"] = {"Okolod"},
["kqw"] = {"Kandas"},
["kqx"] = {"Mser"},
["kqy"] = {"Koorete"},
["kqz"] = {"Korana"},
["kra"] = {"Kumhali"},
["krb"] = {"Karkin"},
["krc"] = {"Karachay-Balkar"},
["krd"] = {"Kairui-Midiki"},
["kre"] = {"Panará"},
["krf"] = {"Koro (Vanuatu)"},
["krh"] = {"Kurama"},
["kri"] = {"Krio"},
["krj"] = {"Kinaray-A"},
["krk"] = {"Kerek"},
["krl"] = {"Karelian"},
["krn"] = {"Sapo"},
["kro"] = {"Kru languages"},
["krp"] = {"Durop"},
["krr"] = {"Krung"},
["krs"] = {"Gbaya (Sudan)"},
["krt"] = {"Tumari Kanuri"},
["kru"] = {"Kurukh"},
["krv"] = {"Kavet"},
["krw"] = {"Western Krahn"},
["krx"] = {"Karon"},
["kry"] = {"Kryts"},
["krz"] = {"Sota Kanum"},
["ksb"] = {"Shambala"},
["ksc"] = {"Southern Kalinga"},
["ksd"] = {"Kuanua"},
["kse"] = {"Kuni"},
["ksf"] = {"Bafia"},
["ksg"] = {"Kusaghe"},
["ksh"] = {"Kölsch"},
["ksi"] = {"Krisa", "I'saka"},
["ksj"] = {"Uare"},
["ksk"] = {"Kansa"},
["ksl"] = {"Kumalu"},
["ksm"] = {"Kumba"},
["ksn"] = {"Kasiguranin"},
["kso"] = {"Kofa"},
["ksp"] = {"Kaba"},
["ksq"] = {"Kwaami"},
["ksr"] = {"Borong"},
["kss"] = {"Southern Kisi"},
["kst"] = {"Winyé"},
["ksu"] = {"Khamyang"},
["ksv"] = {"Kusu"},
["ksw"] = {"S'gaw Karen"},
["ksx"] = {"Kedang"},
["ksy"] = {"Kharia Thar"},
["ksz"] = {"Kodaku"},
["kta"] = {"Katua"},
["ktb"] = {"Kambaata"},
["ktc"] = {"Kholok"},
["ktd"] = {"Kokata", "Kukatha"},
["kte"] = {"Nubri"},
["ktf"] = {"Kwami"},
["ktg"] = {"Kalkutung"},
["kth"] = {"Karanga"},
["kti"] = {"North Muyu"},
["ktj"] = {"Plapo Krumen"},
["ktk"] = {"Kaniet"},
["ktl"] = {"Koroshi"},
["ktm"] = {"Kurti"},
["ktn"] = {"Karitiâna"},
["kto"] = {"Kuot"},
["ktp"] = {"Kaduo"},
["ktq"] = {"Katabaga"},
["kts"] = {"South Muyu"},
["ktt"] = {"Ketum"},
["ktu"] = {"Kituba (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["ktv"] = {"Eastern Katu"},
["ktw"] = {"Kato"},
["ktx"] = {"Kaxararí"},
["kty"] = {"Kango (Bas-Uélé District)"},
["ktz"] = {"Juǀʼhoan", "Juǀʼhoansi"},
["kub"] = {"Kutep"},
["kuc"] = {"Kwinsu"},
["kud"] = {"'Auhelawa"},
["kue"] = {"Kuman (Papua New Guinea)"},
["kuf"] = {"Western Katu"},
["kug"] = {"Kupa"},
["kuh"] = {"Kushi"},
["kui"] = {"Kuikúro-Kalapálo", "Kalapalo"},
["kuj"] = {"Kuria"},
["kuk"] = {"Kepo'"},
["kul"] = {"Kulere"},
["kum"] = {"Kumyk"},
["kun"] = {"Kunama"},
["kuo"] = {"Kumukio"},
["kup"] = {"Kunimaipa"},
["kuq"] = {"Karipuna"},
["kus"] = {"Kusaal"},
["kut"] = {"Ktunaxa", "Ksanka", "Kutenai"},
["kuu"] = {"Upper Kuskokwim"},
["kuv"] = {"Kur"},
["kuw"] = {"Kpagua"},
["kux"] = {"Kukatja"},
["kuy"] = {"Kuuku-Ya'u"},
["kuz"] = {"Kunza"},
["kva"] = {"Bagvalal"},
["kvb"] = {"Kubu"},
["kvc"] = {"Kove"},
["kvd"] = {"Kui (Indonesia)"},
["kve"] = {"Kalabakan"},
["kvf"] = {"Kabalai"},
["kvg"] = {"Kuni-Boazi"},
["kvh"] = {"Komodo"},
["kvi"] = {"Kwang"},
["kvj"] = {"Psikye"},
["kvk"] = {"Korean Sign Language"},
["kvl"] = {"Kayaw"},
["kvm"] = {"Kendem"},
["kvn"] = {"Border Kuna"},
["kvo"] = {"Dobel"},
["kvp"] = {"Kompane"},
["kvq"] = {"Geba Karen"},
["kvr"] = {"Kerinci"},
["kvt"] = {"Lahta Karen", "Lahta"},
["kvu"] = {"Yinbaw Karen"},
["kvv"] = {"Kola"},
["kvw"] = {"Wersing"},
["kvx"] = {"Parkari Koli"},
["kvy"] = {"Yintale Karen", "Yintale"},
["kvz"] = {"Tsakwambo", "Tsaukambo"},
["kwa"] = {"Dâw"},
["kwb"] = {"Kwa"},
["kwc"] = {"Likwala"},
["kwd"] = {"Kwaio"},
["kwe"] = {"Kwerba"},
["kwf"] = {"Kwara'ae"},
["kwg"] = {"Sara Kaba Deme"},
["kwh"] = {"Kowiai"},
["kwi"] = {"Awa-Cuaiquer"},
["kwj"] = {"Kwanga"},
["kwk"] = {"Kwak'wala", "Kwakiutl"},
["kwl"] = {"Kofyar"},
["kwm"] = {"Kwambi"},
["kwn"] = {"Kwangali"},
["kwo"] = {"Kwomtari"},
["kwp"] = {"Kodia"},
["kwr"] = {"Kwer"},
["kws"] = {"Kwese"},
["kwt"] = {"Kwesten"},
["kwu"] = {"Kwakum"},
["kwv"] = {"Sara Kaba Náà"},
["kww"] = {"Kwinti"},
["kwx"] = {"Khirwar"},
["kwy"] = {"San Salvador Kongo"},
["kwz"] = {"Kwadi"},
["kxa"] = {"Kairiru"},
["kxb"] = {"Krobu"},
["kxc"] = {"Konso", "Khonso"},
["kxd"] = {"Brunei"},
["kxf"] = {"Manumanaw Karen", "Manumanaw"},
["kxh"] = {"Karo (Ethiopia)"},
["kxi"] = {"Keningau Murut"},
["kxj"] = {"Kulfa"},
["kxk"] = {"Zayein Karen"},
["kxm"] = {"Northern Khmer"},
["kxn"] = {"Kanowit-Tanjong Melanau"},
["kxo"] = {"Kanoé"},
["kxp"] = {"Wadiyara Koli"},
["kxq"] = {"Smärky Kanum"},
["kxr"] = {"Koro (Papua New Guinea)"},
["kxs"] = {"Kangjia"},
["kxt"] = {"Koiwat"},
["kxv"] = {"Kuvi"},
["kxw"] = {"Konai"},
["kxx"] = {"Likuba"},
["kxy"] = {"Kayong"},
["kxz"] = {"Kerewo"},
["kya"] = {"Kwaya"},
["kyb"] = {"Butbut Kalinga"},
["kyc"] = {"Kyaka"},
["kyd"] = {"Karey"},
["kye"] = {"Krache"},
["kyf"] = {"Kouya"},
["kyg"] = {"Keyagana"},
["kyh"] = {"Karok"},
["kyi"] = {"Kiput"},
["kyj"] = {"Karao"},
["kyk"] = {"Kamayo"},
["kyl"] = {"Kalapuya"},
["kym"] = {"Kpatili"},
["kyn"] = {"Northern Binukidnon"},
["kyo"] = {"Kelon"},
["kyp"] = {"Kang"},
["kyq"] = {"Kenga"},
["kyr"] = {"Kuruáya"},
["kys"] = {"Baram Kayan"},
["kyt"] = {"Kayagar"},
["kyu"] = {"Western Kayah"},
["kyv"] = {"Kayort"},
["kyw"] = {"Kudmali"},
["kyx"] = {"Rapoisi"},
["kyy"] = {"Kambaira"},
["kyz"] = {"Kayabí"},
["kza"] = {"Western Karaboro"},
["kzb"] = {"Kaibobo"},
["kzc"] = {"Bondoukou Kulango"},
["kzd"] = {"Kadai"},
["kze"] = {"Kosena"},
["kzf"] = {"Da'a Kaili"},
["kzg"] = {"Kikai"},
["kzi"] = {"Kelabit"},
["kzk"] = {"Kazukuru"},
["kzl"] = {"Kayeli"},
["kzm"] = {"Kais"},
["kzn"] = {"Kokola"},
["kzo"] = {"Kaningi"},
["kzp"] = {"Kaidipang"},
["kzq"] = {"Kaike"},
["kzr"] = {"Karang"},
["kzs"] = {"Sugut Dusun"},
["kzu"] = {"Kayupulau"},
["kzv"] = {"Komyandaret"},
["kzw"] = {"Karirí-Xocó"},
["kzx"] = {"Kamarian"},
["kzy"] = {"Kango (Tshopo District)"},
["kzz"] = {"Kalabra"},
["laa"] = {"Southern Subanen"},
["lab"] = {"Linear A"},
["lac"] = {"Lacandon"},
["lad"] = {"Ladino"},
["lae"] = {"Pattani"},
["laf"] = {"Lafofa"},
["lag"] = {"Rangi"},
["lah"] = {"Lahnda"},
["lai"] = {"Lambya"},
["laj"] = {"Lango (Uganda)"},
["lal"] = {"Lalia"},
["lam"] = {"Lamba"},
["lan"] = {"Laru"},
["lap"] = {"Laka (Chad)"},
["laq"] = {"Qabiao"},
["lar"] = {"Larteh"},
["las"] = {"Lama (Togo)"},
["lau"] = {"Laba"},
["law"] = {"Lauje"},
["lax"] = {"Tiwa"},
["lay"] = {"Lama Bai"},
["laz"] = {"Aribwatsa"},
["lbb"] = {"Label"},
["lbc"] = {"Lakkia"},
["lbe"] = {"Lak"},
["lbf"] = {"Tinani"},
["lbg"] = {"Laopang"},
["lbi"] = {"La'bi"},
["lbj"] = {"Ladakhi"},
["lbk"] = {"Central Bontok"},
["lbl"] = {"Libon Bikol"},
["lbm"] = {"Lodhi"},
["lbn"] = {"Rmeet"},
["lbo"] = {"Laven"},
["lbq"] = {"Wampar"},
["lbr"] = {"Lohorung"},
["lbs"] = {"Libyan Sign Language"},
["lbt"] = {"Lachi"},
["lbu"] = {"Labu"},
["lbv"] = {"Lavatbura-Lamusong"},
["lbw"] = {"Tolaki"},
["lbx"] = {"Lawangan"},
["lby"] = {"Lamalama", "Lamu-Lamu"},
["lbz"] = {"Lardil"},
["lcc"] = {"Legenyem"},
["lcd"] = {"Lola"},
["lce"] = {"Loncong", "Sekak"},
["lcf"] = {"Lubu"},
["lch"] = {"Luchazi"},
["lcl"] = {"Lisela"},
["lcm"] = {"Tungag"},
["lcp"] = {"Western Lawa"},
["lcq"] = {"Luhu"},
["lcs"] = {"Lisabata-Nuniali"},
["lda"] = {"Kla-Dan"},
["ldb"] = {"Dũya"},
["ldd"] = {"Luri"},
["ldg"] = {"Lenyima"},
["ldh"] = {"Lamja-Dengsa-Tola"},
["ldi"] = {"Laari"},
["ldj"] = {"Lemoro"},
["ldk"] = {"Leelau"},
["ldl"] = {"Kaan"},
["ldm"] = {"Landoma"},
["ldn"] = {"Láadan"},
["ldo"] = {"Loo"},
["ldp"] = {"Tso"},
["ldq"] = {"Lufu"},
["lea"] = {"Lega-Shabunda"},
["leb"] = {"Lala-Bisa"},
["lec"] = {"Leco"},
["led"] = {"Lendu"},
["lee"] = {"Lyélé"},
["lef"] = {"Lelemi"},
["leh"] = {"Lenje"},
["lei"] = {"Lemio"},
["lej"] = {"Lengola"},
["lek"] = {"Leipon"},
["lel"] = {"Lele (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["lem"] = {"Nomaande"},
["len"] = {"Lenca"},
["leo"] = {"Leti (Cameroon)"},
["lep"] = {"Lepcha"},
["leq"] = {"Lembena"},
["ler"] = {"Lenkau"},
["les"] = {"Lese"},
["let"] = {"Lesing-Gelimi", "Amio-Gelimi"},
["leu"] = {"Kara (Papua New Guinea)"},
["lev"] = {"Lamma"},
["lew"] = {"Ledo Kaili"},
["lex"] = {"Luang"},
["ley"] = {"Lemolang"},
["lez"] = {"Lezghian"},
["lfa"] = {"Lefa"},
["lfb"] = {"Buu (Cameroon)"},
["lfn"] = {"Lingua Franca Nova"},
["lga"] = {"Lungga"},
["lgb"] = {"Laghu"},
["lgg"] = {"Lugbara"},
["lgh"] = {"Laghuu"},
["lgi"] = {"Lengilu"},
["lgk"] = {"Lingarak", "Neverver"},
["lgl"] = {"Wala"},
["lgm"] = {"Lega-Mwenga"},
["lgn"] = {"T'apo", "Opuuo"},
["lgo"] = {"Lango (South Sudan)"},
["lgq"] = {"Logba"},
["lgr"] = {"Lengo"},
["lgs"] = {"Guinea-Bissau Sign Language", "Língua Gestual Guineense"},
["lgt"] = {"Pahi"},
["lgu"] = {"Longgu"},
["lgz"] = {"Ligenza"},
["lha"] = {"Laha (Viet Nam)"},
["lhh"] = {"Laha (Indonesia)"},
["lhi"] = {"Lahu Shi"},
["lhl"] = {"Lahul Lohar"},
["lhm"] = {"Lhomi"},
["lhn"] = {"Lahanan"},
["lhp"] = {"Lhokpu"},
["lhs"] = {"Mlahsö"},
["lht"] = {"Lo-Toga"},
["lhu"] = {"Lahu"},
["lia"] = {"West-Central Limba"},
["lib"] = {"Likum"},
["lic"] = {"Hlai"},
["lid"] = {"Nyindrou"},
["lie"] = {"Likila"},
["lif"] = {"Limbu"},
["lig"] = {"Ligbi"},
["lih"] = {"Lihir"},
["lij"] = {"Ligurian"},
["lik"] = {"Lika"},
["lil"] = {"Lillooet"},
["lio"] = {"Liki"},
["lip"] = {"Sekpele"},
["liq"] = {"Libido"},
["lir"] = {"Liberian English"},
["lis"] = {"Lisu"},
["liu"] = {"Logorik"},
["liv"] = {"Liv"},
["liw"] = {"Col"},
["lix"] = {"Liabuku"},
["liy"] = {"Banda-Bambari"},
["liz"] = {"Libinza"},
["lja"] = {"Golpa"},
["lje"] = {"Rampi"},
["lji"] = {"Laiyolo"},
["ljl"] = {"Li'o"},
["ljp"] = {"Lampung Api"},
["ljw"] = {"Yirandali"},
["ljx"] = {"Yuru"},
["lka"] = {"Lakalei"},
["lkb"] = {"Kabras", "Lukabaras"},
["lkc"] = {"Kucong"},
["lkd"] = {"Lakondê"},
["lke"] = {"Kenyi"},
["lkh"] = {"Lakha"},
["lki"] = {"Laki"},
["lkj"] = {"Remun"},
["lkl"] = {"Laeko-Libuat"},
["lkm"] = {"Kalaamaya"},
["lkn"] = {"Lakon", "Vure"},
["lko"] = {"Khayo", "Olukhayo"},
["lkr"] = {"Päri"},
["lks"] = {"Kisa", "Olushisa"},
["lkt"] = {"Lakota"},
["lku"] = {"Kungkari"},
["lky"] = {"Lokoya"},
["lla"] = {"Lala-Roba"},
["llb"] = {"Lolo"},
["llc"] = {"Lele (Guinea)"},
["lld"] = {"Ladin"},
["lle"] = {"Lele (Papua New Guinea)"},
["llf"] = {"Hermit"},
["llg"] = {"Lole"},
["llh"] = {"Lamu"},
["lli"] = {"Teke-Laali"},
["llj"] = {"Ladji Ladji"},
["llk"] = {"Lelak"},
["lll"] = {"Lilau"},
["llm"] = {"Lasalimu"},
["lln"] = {"Lele (Chad)"},
["llp"] = {"North Efate"},
["llq"] = {"Lolak"},
["lls"] = {"Lithuanian Sign Language"},
["llu"] = {"Lau"},
["llx"] = {"Lauan"},
["lma"] = {"East Limba"},
["lmb"] = {"Merei"},
["lmc"] = {"Limilngan"},
["lmd"] = {"Lumun"},
["lme"] = {"Pévé"},
["lmf"] = {"South Lembata"},
["lmg"] = {"Lamogai"},
["lmh"] = {"Lambichhong"},
["lmi"] = {"Lombi"},
["lmj"] = {"West Lembata"},
["lmk"] = {"Lamkang"},
["lml"] = {"Hano"},
["lmn"] = {"Lambadi"},
["lmo"] = {"Lombard"},
["lmp"] = {"Limbum"},
["lmq"] = {"Lamatuka"},
["lmr"] = {"Lamalera"},
["lmu"] = {"Lamenu"},
["lmv"] = {"Lomaiviti"},
["lmw"] = {"Lake Miwok"},
["lmx"] = {"Laimbue"},
["lmy"] = {"Lamboya"},
["lna"] = {"Langbashe"},
["lnb"] = {"Mbalanhu"},
["lnd"] = {"Lundayeh", "Lun Bawang"},
["lng"] = {"Langobardic"},
["lnh"] = {"Lanoh"},
["lni"] = {"Daantanai'"},
["lnj"] = {"Leningitij"},
["lnl"] = {"South Central Banda"},
["lnm"] = {"Langam"},
["lnn"] = {"Lorediakarkar"},
["lns"] = {"Lamnso'"},
["lnu"] = {"Longuda"},
["lnw"] = {"Lanima"},
["lnz"] = {"Lonzo"},
["loa"] = {"Loloda"},
["lob"] = {"Lobi"},
["loc"] = {"Inonhan"},
["loe"] = {"Saluan"},
["lof"] = {"Logol"},
["log"] = {"Logo"},
["loh"] = {"Laarim", "Narim"},
["loi"] = {"Loma (Côte d'Ivoire)"},
["loj"] = {"Lou"},
["lok"] = {"Loko"},
["lol"] = {"Mongo"},
["lom"] = {"Loma (Liberia)"},
["lon"] = {"Malawi Lomwe"},
["loo"] = {"Lombo"},
["lop"] = {"Lopa"},
["loq"] = {"Lobala"},
["lor"] = {"Téén"},
["los"] = {"Loniu"},
["lot"] = {"Otuho"},
["lou"] = {"Louisiana Creole"},
["lov"] = {"Lopi"},
["low"] = {"Tampias Lobu"},
["lox"] = {"Loun"},
["loy"] = {"Loke"},
["loz"] = {"Lozi"},
["lpa"] = {"Lelepa"},
["lpe"] = {"Lepki"},
["lpn"] = {"Long Phuri Naga"},
["lpo"] = {"Lipo"},
["lpx"] = {"Lopit"},
["lqr"] = {"Logir"},
["lra"] = {"Rara Bakati'"},
["lrc"] = {"Northern Luri"},
["lre"] = {"Laurentian"},
["lrg"] = {"Laragia"},
["lri"] = {"Marachi", "Olumarachi"},
["lrk"] = {"Loarki"},
["lrl"] = {"Lari"},
["lrm"] = {"Marama", "Olumarama"},
["lrn"] = {"Lorang"},
["lro"] = {"Laro"},
["lrr"] = {"Southern Yamphu"},
["lrt"] = {"Larantuka Malay"},
["lrv"] = {"Larevat"},
["lrz"] = {"Lemerig"},
["lsa"] = {"Lasgerdi"},
["lsb"] = {"Burundian Sign Language", "Langue des Signes Burundaise"},
["lsc"] = {"Albarradas Sign Language", "Lengua de señas Albarradas"},
["lsd"] = {"Lishana Deni"},
["lse"] = {"Lusengo"},
["lsh"] = {"Lish"},
["lsi"] = {"Lashi"},
["lsl"] = {"Latvian Sign Language"},
["lsm"] = {"Saamia", "Olusamia"},
["lsn"] = {"Tibetan Sign Language"},
["lso"] = {"Laos Sign Language"},
["lsp"] = {"Panamanian Sign Language", "Lengua de Señas Panameñas"},
["lsr"] = {"Aruop"},
["lss"] = {"Lasi"},
["lst"] = {"Trinidad and Tobago Sign Language"},
["lsv"] = {"Sivia Sign Language"},
["lsw"] = {"Seychelles Sign Language", "Lalang Siny Seselwa", "Langue des Signes Seychelloise"},
["lsy"] = {"Mauritian Sign Language"},
["ltc"] = {"Late Middle Chinese"},
["ltg"] = {"Latgalian"},
["lth"] = {"Thur"},
["lti"] = {"Leti (Indonesia)"},
["ltn"] = {"Latundê"},
["lto"] = {"Tsotso", "Olutsotso"},
["lts"] = {"Tachoni", "Lutachoni"},
["ltu"] = {"Latu"},
["lua"] = {"Luba-Lulua"},
["luc"] = {"Aringa"},
["lud"] = {"Ludian"},
["lue"] = {"Luvale"},
["luf"] = {"Laua"},
["luh"] = {"Leizhou Chinese"},
["lui"] = {"Luiseño"},
["luj"] = {"Luna"},
["luk"] = {"Lunanakha"},
["lul"] = {"Olu'bo"},
["lum"] = {"Luimbi"},
["lun"] = {"Lunda"},
["luo"] = {"Luo (Kenya and Tanzania)", "Dholuo"},
["lup"] = {"Lumbu"},
["luq"] = {"Lucumi"},
["lur"] = {"Laura"},
["lus"] = {"Lushai"},
["lut"] = {"Lushootseed"},
["luu"] = {"Lumba-Yakkha"},
["luv"] = {"Luwati"},
["luw"] = {"Luo (Cameroon)"},
["luy"] = {"Luyia", "Oluluyia"},
["luz"] = {"Southern Luri"},
["lva"] = {"Maku'a"},
["lvi"] = {"Lavi"},
["lvk"] = {"Lavukaleve"},
["lvl"] = {"Lwel"},
["lvs"] = {"Standard Latvian"},
["lvu"] = {"Levuka"},
["lwa"] = {"Lwalu"},
["lwe"] = {"Lewo Eleng"},
["lwg"] = {"Wanga", "Oluwanga"},
["lwh"] = {"White Lachi"},
["lwl"] = {"Eastern Lawa"},
["lwm"] = {"Laomian"},
["lwo"] = {"Luwo"},
["lws"] = {"Malawian Sign Language"},
["lwt"] = {"Lewotobi"},
["lwu"] = {"Lawu"},
["lww"] = {"Lewo"},
["lxm"] = {"Lakurumau"},
["lya"] = {"Layakha"},
["lyg"] = {"Lyngngam"},
["lyn"] = {"Luyana"},
["lzh"] = {"Literary Chinese"},
["lzl"] = {"Litzlitz"},
["lzn"] = {"Leinong Naga"},
["lzz"] = {"Laz"},
["maa"] = {"San Jerónimo Tecóatl Mazatec"},
["mab"] = {"Yutanduchi Mixtec"},
["mad"] = {"Madurese"},
["mae"] = {"Bo-Rukul"},
["maf"] = {"Mafa"},
["mag"] = {"Magahi"},
["mai"] = {"Maithili"},
["maj"] = {"Jalapa De Díaz Mazatec"},
["mak"] = {"Makasar"},
["mam"] = {"Mam"},
["man"] = {"Mandingo", "Manding"},
["map"] = {"Austronesian languages"},
["maq"] = {"Chiquihuitlán Mazatec"},
["mas"] = {"Masai"},
["mat"] = {"San Francisco Matlatzinca"},
["mau"] = {"Huautla Mazatec"},
["mav"] = {"Sateré-Mawé"},
["maw"] = {"Mampruli"},
["max"] = {"North Moluccan Malay"},
["maz"] = {"Central Mazahua"},
["mba"] = {"Higaonon"},
["mbb"] = {"Western Bukidnon Manobo"},
["mbc"] = {"Macushi"},
["mbd"] = {"Dibabawon Manobo"},
["mbe"] = {"Molale"},
["mbf"] = {"Baba Malay"},
["mbh"] = {"Mangseng"},
["mbi"] = {"Ilianen Manobo"},
["mbj"] = {"Nadëb"},
["mbk"] = {"Malol"},
["mbl"] = {"Maxakalí"},
["mbm"] = {"Ombamba"},
["mbn"] = {"Macaguán"},
["mbo"] = {"Mbo (Cameroon)"},
["mbp"] = {"Malayo"},
["mbq"] = {"Maisin"},
["mbr"] = {"Nukak Makú"},
["mbs"] = {"Sarangani Manobo"},
["mbt"] = {"Matigsalug Manobo"},
["mbu"] = {"Mbula-Bwazza"},
["mbv"] = {"Mbulungish"},
["mbw"] = {"Maring"},
["mbx"] = {"Mari (East Sepik Province)"},
["mby"] = {"Memoni"},
["mbz"] = {"Amoltepec Mixtec"},
["mca"] = {"Maca"},
["mcb"] = {"Machiguenga"},
["mcc"] = {"Bitur"},
["mcd"] = {"Sharanahua"},
["mce"] = {"Itundujia Mixtec"},
["mcf"] = {"Matsés"},
["mcg"] = {"Mapoyo"},
["mch"] = {"Maquiritari"},
["mci"] = {"Mese"},
["mcj"] = {"Mvanip"},
["mck"] = {"Mbunda"},
["mcl"] = {"Macaguaje"},
["mcm"] = {"Malaccan Creole Portuguese"},
["mcn"] = {"Masana"},
["mco"] = {"Coatlán Mixe"},
["mcp"] = {"Makaa"},
["mcq"] = {"Ese"},
["mcr"] = {"Menya"},
["mcs"] = {"Mambai"},
["mct"] = {"Mengisa"},
["mcu"] = {"Cameroon Mambila"},
["mcv"] = {"Minanibai"},
["mcw"] = {"Mawa (Chad)"},
["mcx"] = {"Mpiemo"},
["mcy"] = {"South Watut"},
["mcz"] = {"Mawan"},
["mda"] = {"Mada (Nigeria)"},
["mdb"] = {"Morigi"},
["mdc"] = {"Soq", "Male (Papua New Guinea)"},
["mdd"] = {"Mbum"},
["mde"] = {"Maba (Chad)"},
["mdf"] = {"Moksha"},
["mdg"] = {"Massalat"},
["mdh"] = {"Maguindanaon"},
["mdi"] = {"Mamvu"},
["mdj"] = {"Mangbetu"},
["mdk"] = {"Mangbutu"},
["mdl"] = {"Maltese Sign Language"},
["mdm"] = {"Mayogo"},
["mdn"] = {"Mbati"},
["mdp"] = {"Mbala"},
["mdq"] = {"Mbole"},
["mdr"] = {"Mandar"},
["mds"] = {"Maria (Papua New Guinea)"},
["mdt"] = {"Mbere"},
["mdu"] = {"Mboko"},
["mdv"] = {"Santa Lucía Monteverde Mixtec"},
["mdw"] = {"Mbosi"},
["mdx"] = {"Dizin"},
["mdy"] = {"Male", "Male (Ethiopia)"},
["mdz"] = {"Suruí Do Pará"},
["mea"] = {"Menka"},
["meb"] = {"Ikobi"},
["mec"] = {"Marra"},
["med"] = {"Melpa"},
["mee"] = {"Mengen"},
["mef"] = {"Megam"},
["meh"] = {"Southwestern Tlaxiaco Mixtec"},
["mei"] = {"Midob"},
["mej"] = {"Meyah"},
["mek"] = {"Mekeo"},
["mel"] = {"Central Melanau"},
["mem"] = {"Mangala"},
["men"] = {"Mende (Sierra Leone)"},
["meo"] = {"Kedah Malay"},
["mep"] = {"Miriwoong"},
["meq"] = {"Merey"},
["mer"] = {"Meru"},
["mes"] = {"Masmaje"},
["met"] = {"Mato"},
["meu"] = {"Motu"},
["mev"] = {"Mano"},
["mew"] = {"Maaka"},
["mey"] = {"Hassaniyya"},
["mez"] = {"Menominee"},
["mfa"] = {"Pattani Malay"},
["mfb"] = {"Bangka"},
["mfc"] = {"Mba"},
["mfd"] = {"Mendankwe-Nkwen"},
["mfe"] = {"Morisyen"},
["mff"] = {"Naki"},
["mfg"] = {"Mogofin"},
["mfh"] = {"Matal"},
["mfi"] = {"Wandala"},
["mfj"] = {"Mefele"},
["mfk"] = {"North Mofu"},
["mfl"] = {"Putai"},
["mfm"] = {"Marghi South"},
["mfn"] = {"Cross River Mbembe"},
["mfo"] = {"Mbe"},
["mfp"] = {"Makassar Malay"},
["mfq"] = {"Moba"},
["mfr"] = {"Marrithiyel"},
["mfs"] = {"Mexican Sign Language"},
["mft"] = {"Mokerang"},
["mfu"] = {"Mbwela"},
["mfv"] = {"Mandjak"},
["mfw"] = {"Mulaha"},
["mfx"] = {"Melo"},
["mfy"] = {"Mayo"},
["mfz"] = {"Mabaan"},
["mga"] = {"Middle Irish (900-1200)"},
["mgb"] = {"Mararit"},
["mgc"] = {"Morokodo"},
["mgd"] = {"Moru"},
["mge"] = {"Mango"},
["mgf"] = {"Maklew"},
["mgg"] = {"Mpumpong"},
["mgh"] = {"Makhuwa-Meetto"},
["mgi"] = {"Lijili"},
["mgj"] = {"Abureni"},
["mgk"] = {"Mawes"},
["mgl"] = {"Maleu-Kilenge"},
["mgm"] = {"Mambae"},
["mgn"] = {"Mbangi"},
["mgo"] = {"Meta'"},
["mgp"] = {"Eastern Magar"},
["mgq"] = {"Malila"},
["mgr"] = {"Mambwe-Lungu"},
["mgs"] = {"Manda (Tanzania)"},
["mgt"] = {"Mongol"},
["mgu"] = {"Mailu"},
["mgv"] = {"Matengo"},
["mgw"] = {"Matumbi"},
["mgy"] = {"Mbunga"},
["mgz"] = {"Mbugwe"},
["mha"] = {"Manda (India)"},
["mhb"] = {"Mahongwe"},
["mhc"] = {"Mocho"},
["mhd"] = {"Mbugu"},
["mhe"] = {"Besisi", "Mah Meri"},
["mhf"] = {"Mamaa"},
["mhg"] = {"Margu"},
["mhi"] = {"Ma'di"},
["mhj"] = {"Mogholi"},
["mhk"] = {"Mungaka"},
["mhl"] = {"Mauwake"},
["mhm"] = {"Makhuwa-Moniga"},
["mhn"] = {"Mòcheno"},
["mho"] = {"Mashi (Zambia)"},
["mhp"] = {"Balinese Malay"},
["mhq"] = {"Mandan"},
["mhr"] = {"Eastern Mari"},
["mhs"] = {"Buru (Indonesia)"},
["mht"] = {"Mandahuaca"},
["mhu"] = {"Digaro-Mishmi", "Darang Deng"},
["mhw"] = {"Mbukushu"},
["mhx"] = {"Maru", "Lhaovo"},
["mhy"] = {"Ma'anyan"},
["mhz"] = {"Mor (Mor Islands)"},
["mia"] = {"Miami"},
["mib"] = {"Atatláhuca Mixtec"},
["mic"] = {"Mi'kmaq", "Micmac"},
["mid"] = {"Mandaic"},
["mie"] = {"Ocotepec Mixtec"},
["mif"] = {"Mofu-Gudur"},
["mig"] = {"San Miguel El Grande Mixtec"},
["mih"] = {"Chayuco Mixtec"},
["mii"] = {"Chigmecatitlán Mixtec"},
["mij"] = {"Abar", "Mungbam"},
["mik"] = {"Mikasuki"},
["mil"] = {"Peñoles Mixtec"},
["mim"] = {"Alacatlatzala Mixtec"},
["min"] = {"Minangkabau"},
["mio"] = {"Pinotepa Nacional Mixtec"},
["mip"] = {"Apasco-Apoala Mixtec"},
["miq"] = {"Mískito"},
["mir"] = {"Isthmus Mixe"},
["mis"] = {"Uncoded languages"},
["mit"] = {"Southern Puebla Mixtec"},
["miu"] = {"Cacaloxtepec Mixtec"},
["miw"] = {"Akoye"},
["mix"] = {"Mixtepec Mixtec"},
["miy"] = {"Ayutla Mixtec"},
["miz"] = {"Coatzospan Mixtec"},
["mjb"] = {"Makalero"},
["mjc"] = {"San Juan Colorado Mixtec"},
["mjd"] = {"Northwest Maidu"},
["mje"] = {"Muskum"},
["mjg"] = {"Tu"},
["mjh"] = {"Mwera (Nyasa)"},
["mji"] = {"Kim Mun"},
["mjj"] = {"Mawak"},
["mjk"] = {"Matukar"},
["mjl"] = {"Mandeali"},
["mjm"] = {"Medebur"},
["mjn"] = {"Ma (Papua New Guinea)"},
["mjo"] = {"Malankuravan"},
["mjp"] = {"Malapandaram"},
["mjq"] = {"Malaryan"},
["mjr"] = {"Malavedan"},
["mjs"] = {"Miship"},
["mjt"] = {"Sauria Paharia"},
["mju"] = {"Manna-Dora"},
["mjv"] = {"Mannan"},
["mjw"] = {"Karbi"},
["mjx"] = {"Mahali"},
["mjy"] = {"Mahican"},
["mjz"] = {"Majhi"},
["mka"] = {"Mbre"},
["mkb"] = {"Mal Paharia"},
["mkc"] = {"Siliput"},
["mke"] = {"Mawchi"},
["mkf"] = {"Miya"},
["mkg"] = {"Mak (China)"},
["mkh"] = {"Mon-Khmer languages"},
["mki"] = {"Dhatki"},
["mkj"] = {"Mokilese"},
["mkk"] = {"Byep"},
["mkl"] = {"Mokole"},
["mkm"] = {"Moklen"},
["mkn"] = {"Kupang Malay"},
["mko"] = {"Mingang Doso"},
["mkp"] = {"Moikodi"},
["mkq"] = {"Bay Miwok"},
["mkr"] = {"Malas"},
["mks"] = {"Silacayoapan Mixtec"},
["mkt"] = {"Vamale"},
["mku"] = {"Konyanka Maninka"},
["mkv"] = {"Mafea"},
["mkw"] = {"Kituba (Congo)"},
["mkx"] = {"Kinamiging Manobo"},
["mky"] = {"East Makian"},
["mkz"] = {"Makasae"},
["mla"] = {"Malo"},
["mlb"] = {"Mbule"},
["mlc"] = {"Cao Lan"},
["mle"] = {"Manambu"},
["mlf"] = {"Mal"},
["mlh"] = {"Mape"},
["mli"] = {"Malimpung"},
["mlj"] = {"Miltu"},
["mlk"] = {"Ilwana", "Kiwilwana"},
["mll"] = {"Malua Bay"},
["mlm"] = {"Mulam"},
["mln"] = {"Malango"},
["mlo"] = {"Mlomp"},
["mlp"] = {"Bargam"},
["mlq"] = {"Western Maninkakan"},
["mlr"] = {"Vame"},
["mls"] = {"Masalit"},
["mlu"] = {"To'abaita"},
["mlv"] = {"Motlav", "Mwotlap"},
["mlw"] = {"Moloko"},
["mlx"] = {"Malfaxal", "Naha'ai"},
["mlz"] = {"Malaynon"},
["mma"] = {"Mama"},
["mmb"] = {"Momina"},
["mmc"] = {"Michoacán Mazahua"},
["mmd"] = {"Maonan"},
["mme"] = {"Mae"},
["mmf"] = {"Mundat"},
["mmg"] = {"North Ambrym"},
["mmh"] = {"Mehináku"},
["mmi"] = {"Hember Avu", "Amben", "Musar"},
["mmj"] = {"Majhwar"},
["mmk"] = {"Mukha-Dora"},
["mml"] = {"Man Met"},
["mmm"] = {"Maii"},
["mmn"] = {"Mamanwa"},
["mmo"] = {"Mangga Buang"},
["mmp"] = {"Siawi"},
["mmq"] = {"Musak"},
["mmr"] = {"Western Xiangxi Miao"},
["mmt"] = {"Malalamai"},
["mmu"] = {"Mmaala"},
["mmv"] = {"Miriti"},
["mmw"] = {"Emae"},
["mmx"] = {"Madak"},
["mmy"] = {"Migaama"},
["mmz"] = {"Mabaale"},
["mna"] = {"Mbula"},
["mnb"] = {"Muna"},
["mnc"] = {"Manchu"},
["mnd"] = {"Mondé"},
["mne"] = {"Naba"},
["mnf"] = {"Mundani"},
["mng"] = {"Eastern Mnong"},
["mnh"] = {"Mono (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["mni"] = {"Manipuri"},
["mnj"] = {"Munji"},
["mnk"] = {"Mandinka"},
["mnl"] = {"Tiale"},
["mnm"] = {"Mapena"},
["mnn"] = {"Southern Mnong"},
["mno"] = {"Manobo languages"},
["mnp"] = {"Min Bei Chinese"},
["mnq"] = {"Minriq"},
["mnr"] = {"Mono (USA)"},
["mns"] = {"Mansi"},
["mnu"] = {"Mer"},
["mnv"] = {"Rennell-Bellona"},
["mnw"] = {"Mon"},
["mnx"] = {"Manikion"},
["mny"] = {"Manyawa"},
["mnz"] = {"Moni"},
["moa"] = {"Mwan"},
["moc"] = {"Mocoví"},
["mod"] = {"Mobilian"},
["moe"] = {"Innu", "Montagnais"},
["mog"] = {"Mongondow"},
["moh"] = {"Mohawk", "Kanien'kéha"},
["moi"] = {"Mboi"},
["moj"] = {"Monzombo"},
["mok"] = {"Morori"},
["mom"] = {"Mangue"},
["moo"] = {"Monom"},
["mop"] = {"Mopán Maya"},
["moq"] = {"Mor (Bomberai Peninsula)"},
["mor"] = {"Moro"},
["mos"] = {"Mossi"},
["mot"] = {"Barí"},
["mou"] = {"Mogum"},
["mov"] = {"Mohave"},
["mow"] = {"Moi (Congo)"},
["mox"] = {"Molima"},
["moy"] = {"Shekkacho"},
["moz"] = {"Mukulu", "Gergiko"},
["mpa"] = {"Mpoto"},
["mpb"] = {"Malak Malak", "Mullukmulluk"},
["mpc"] = {"Mangarrayi"},
["mpd"] = {"Machinere"},
["mpe"] = {"Majang"},
["mpg"] = {"Marba"},
["mph"] = {"Maung"},
["mpi"] = {"Mpade"},
["mpj"] = {"Martu Wangka", "Wangkajunga"},
["mpk"] = {"Mbara (Chad)"},
["mpl"] = {"Middle Watut"},
["mpm"] = {"Yosondúa Mixtec"},
["mpn"] = {"Mindiri"},
["mpo"] = {"Miu"},
["mpp"] = {"Migabac"},
["mpq"] = {"Matís"},
["mpr"] = {"Vangunu"},
["mps"] = {"Dadibi"},
["mpt"] = {"Mian"},
["mpu"] = {"Makuráp"},
["mpv"] = {"Mungkip"},
["mpw"] = {"Mapidian"},
["mpx"] = {"Misima-Panaeati"},
["mpy"] = {"Mapia"},
["mpz"] = {"Mpi"},
["mqa"] = {"Maba (Indonesia)"},
["mqb"] = {"Mbuko"},
["mqc"] = {"Mangole"},
["mqe"] = {"Matepi"},
["mqf"] = {"Momuna"},
["mqg"] = {"Kota Bangun Kutai Malay"},
["mqh"] = {"Tlazoyaltepec Mixtec"},
["mqi"] = {"Mariri"},
["mqj"] = {"Mamasa"},
["mqk"] = {"Rajah Kabunsuwan Manobo"},
["mql"] = {"Mbelime"},
["mqm"] = {"South Marquesan"},
["mqn"] = {"Moronene"},
["mqo"] = {"Modole"},
["mqp"] = {"Manipa"},
["mqq"] = {"Minokok"},
["mqr"] = {"Mander"},
["mqs"] = {"West Makian"},
["mqt"] = {"Mok"},
["mqu"] = {"Mandari"},
["mqv"] = {"Mosimo"},
["mqw"] = {"Murupi"},
["mqx"] = {"Mamuju"},
["mqy"] = {"Manggarai"},
["mqz"] = {"Pano"},
["mra"] = {"Mlabri"},
["mrb"] = {"Marino"},
["mrc"] = {"Maricopa"},
["mrd"] = {"Western Magar"},
["mre"] = {"Martha's Vineyard Sign Language"},
["mrf"] = {"Elseng"},
["mrg"] = {"Mising"},
["mrh"] = {"Mara Chin"},
["mrj"] = {"Western Mari"},
["mrk"] = {"Hmwaveke"},
["mrl"] = {"Mortlockese"},
["mrm"] = {"Merlav", "Mwerlap"},
["mrn"] = {"Cheke Holo"},
["mro"] = {"Mru"},
["mrp"] = {"Morouas"},
["mrq"] = {"North Marquesan"},
["mrr"] = {"Maria (India)"},
["mrs"] = {"Maragus"},
["mrt"] = {"Marghi Central"},
["mru"] = {"Mono (Cameroon)"},
["mrv"] = {"Mangareva"},
["mrw"] = {"Maranao"},
["mrx"] = {"Maremgi", "Dineor"},
["mry"] = {"Mandaya"},
["mrz"] = {"Marind"},
["msb"] = {"Masbatenyo"},
["msc"] = {"Sankaran Maninka"},
["msd"] = {"Yucatec Maya Sign Language"},
["mse"] = {"Musey"},
["msf"] = {"Mekwei"},
["msg"] = {"Moraid"},
["msh"] = {"Masikoro Malagasy"},
["msi"] = {"Sabah Malay"},
["msj"] = {"Ma (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["msk"] = {"Mansaka"},
["msl"] = {"Molof", "Poule"},
["msm"] = {"Agusan Manobo"},
["msn"] = {"Vurës"},
["mso"] = {"Mombum"},
["msp"] = {"Maritsauá"},
["msq"] = {"Caac"},
["msr"] = {"Mongolian Sign Language"},
["mss"] = {"West Masela"},
["msu"] = {"Musom"},
["msv"] = {"Maslam"},
["msw"] = {"Mansoanka"},
["msx"] = {"Moresada"},
["msy"] = {"Aruamu"},
["msz"] = {"Momare"},
["mta"] = {"Cotabato Manobo"},
["mtb"] = {"Anyin Morofo"},
["mtc"] = {"Munit"},
["mtd"] = {"Mualang"},
["mte"] = {"Mono (Solomon Islands)"},
["mtf"] = {"Murik (Papua New Guinea)"},
["mtg"] = {"Una"},
["mth"] = {"Munggui"},
["mti"] = {"Maiwa (Papua New Guinea)"},
["mtj"] = {"Moskona"},
["mtk"] = {"Mbe'"},
["mtl"] = {"Montol"},
["mtm"] = {"Mator"},
["mtn"] = {"Matagalpa"},
["mto"] = {"Totontepec Mixe"},
["mtp"] = {"Wichí Lhamtés Nocten"},
["mtq"] = {"Muong"},
["mtr"] = {"Mewari"},
["mts"] = {"Yora"},
["mtt"] = {"Mota"},
["mtu"] = {"Tututepec Mixtec"},
["mtv"] = {"Asaro'o"},
["mtw"] = {"Southern Binukidnon"},
["mtx"] = {"Tidaá Mixtec"},
["mty"] = {"Nabi"},
["mua"] = {"Mundang"},
["mub"] = {"Mubi"},
["muc"] = {"Ajumbu"},
["mud"] = {"Mednyj Aleut"},
["mue"] = {"Media Lengua"},
["mug"] = {"Musgu"},
["muh"] = {"Mündü"},
["mui"] = {"Musi"},
["muj"] = {"Mabire"},
["muk"] = {"Mugom"},
["mul"] = {"Multiple languages"},
["mum"] = {"Maiwala"},
["mun"] = {"Munda languages"},
["muo"] = {"Nyong"},
["mup"] = {"Malvi"},
["muq"] = {"Eastern Xiangxi Miao"},
["mur"] = {"Murle"},
["mus"] = {"Creek"},
["mut"] = {"Western Muria"},
["muu"] = {"Yaaku"},
["muv"] = {"Muthuvan"},
["mux"] = {"Bo-Ung"},
["muy"] = {"Muyang"},
["muz"] = {"Mursi"},
["mva"] = {"Manam"},
["mvb"] = {"Mattole"},
["mvd"] = {"Mamboru"},
["mve"] = {"Marwari (Pakistan)"},
["mvf"] = {"Peripheral Mongolian"},
["mvg"] = {"Yucuañe Mixtec"},
["mvh"] = {"Mulgi"},
["mvi"] = {"Miyako"},
["mvk"] = {"Mekmek"},
["mvl"] = {"Mbara (Australia)"},
["mvn"] = {"Minaveha"},
["mvo"] = {"Marovo"},
["mvp"] = {"Duri"},
["mvq"] = {"Moere"},
["mvr"] = {"Marau"},
["mvs"] = {"Massep"},
["mvt"] = {"Mpotovoro"},
["mvu"] = {"Marfa"},
["mvv"] = {"Tagal Murut"},
["mvw"] = {"Machinga"},
["mvx"] = {"Meoswar"},
["mvy"] = {"Indus Kohistani"},
["mvz"] = {"Mesqan"},
["mwa"] = {"Mwatebu"},
["mwb"] = {"Juwal"},
["mwc"] = {"Are"},
["mwe"] = {"Mwera (Chimwera)"},
["mwf"] = {"Murrinh-Patha"},
["mwg"] = {"Aiklep"},
["mwh"] = {"Mouk-Aria"},
["mwi"] = {"Labo", "Ninde"},
["mwk"] = {"Kita Maninkakan"},
["mwl"] = {"Mirandese"},
["mwm"] = {"Sar"},
["mwn"] = {"Nyamwanga"},
["mwo"] = {"Central Maewo"},
["mwp"] = {"Kala Lagaw Ya"},
["mwq"] = {"Mün Chin"},
["mwr"] = {"Marwari"},
["mws"] = {"Mwimbi-Muthambi"},
["mwt"] = {"Moken"},
["mwu"] = {"Mittu"},
["mwv"] = {"Mentawai"},
["mww"] = {"Hmong Daw"},
["mwz"] = {"Moingi"},
["mxa"] = {"Northwest Oaxaca Mixtec"},
["mxb"] = {"Tezoatlán Mixtec"},
["mxc"] = {"Manyika"},
["mxd"] = {"Modang"},
["mxe"] = {"Mele-Fila"},
["mxf"] = {"Malgbe"},
["mxg"] = {"Mbangala"},
["mxh"] = {"Mvuba"},
["mxi"] = {"Mozarabic"},
["mxj"] = {"Miju-Mishmi", "Geman Deng"},
["mxk"] = {"Monumbo"},
["mxl"] = {"Maxi Gbe"},
["mxm"] = {"Meramera"},
["mxn"] = {"Moi (Indonesia)"},
["mxo"] = {"Mbowe"},
["mxp"] = {"Tlahuitoltepec Mixe"},
["mxq"] = {"Juquila Mixe"},
["mxr"] = {"Murik (Malaysia)"},
["mxs"] = {"Huitepec Mixtec"},
["mxt"] = {"Jamiltepec Mixtec"},
["mxu"] = {"Mada (Cameroon)"},
["mxv"] = {"Metlatónoc Mixtec"},
["mxw"] = {"Namo"},
["mxx"] = {"Mahou", "Mawukakan"},
["mxy"] = {"Southeastern Nochixtlán Mixtec"},
["mxz"] = {"Central Masela"},
["myb"] = {"Mbay"},
["myc"] = {"Mayeka"},
["mye"] = {"Myene"},
["myf"] = {"Bambassi"},
["myg"] = {"Manta"},
["myh"] = {"Makah"},
["myj"] = {"Mangayat"},
["myk"] = {"Mamara Senoufo"},
["myl"] = {"Moma"},
["mym"] = {"Me'en"},
["myn"] = {"Mayan languages"},
["myo"] = {"Anfillo"},
["myp"] = {"Pirahã"},
["myr"] = {"Muniche"},
["mys"] = {"Mesmes"},
["myu"] = {"Mundurukú"},
["myv"] = {"Erzya"},
["myw"] = {"Muyuw"},
["myx"] = {"Masaaba"},
["myy"] = {"Macuna"},
["myz"] = {"Classical Mandaic"},
["mza"] = {"Santa María Zacatepec Mixtec"},
["mzb"] = {"Tumzabt"},
["mzc"] = {"Madagascar Sign Language"},
["mzd"] = {"Malimba"},
["mze"] = {"Morawa"},
["mzg"] = {"Monastic Sign Language"},
["mzh"] = {"Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay"},
["mzi"] = {"Ixcatlán Mazatec"},
["mzj"] = {"Manya"},
["mzk"] = {"Nigeria Mambila"},
["mzl"] = {"Mazatlán Mixe"},
["mzm"] = {"Mumuye"},
["mzn"] = {"Mazanderani"},
["mzo"] = {"Matipuhy"},
["mzp"] = {"Movima"},
["mzq"] = {"Mori Atas"},
["mzr"] = {"Marúbo"},
["mzs"] = {"Macanese"},
["mzt"] = {"Mintil"},
["mzu"] = {"Inapang"},
["mzv"] = {"Manza"},
["mzw"] = {"Deg"},
["mzx"] = {"Mawayana"},
["mzy"] = {"Mozambican Sign Language"},
["mzz"] = {"Maiadomu"},
["naa"] = {"Namla"},
["nab"] = {"Southern Nambikuára"},
["nac"] = {"Narak"},
["nae"] = {"Naka'ela"},
["naf"] = {"Nabak"},
["nag"] = {"Naga Pidgin"},
["nah"] = {"Nahuatl languages"},
["nai"] = {"North American Indian languages"},
["naj"] = {"Nalu"},
["nak"] = {"Nakanai"},
["nal"] = {"Nalik"},
["nam"] = {"Ngan'gityemerri"},
["nan"] = {"Min Nan Chinese"},
["nao"] = {"Naaba"},
["nap"] = {"Neapolitan"},
["naq"] = {"Khoekhoe", "Nama (Namibia)"},
["nar"] = {"Iguta"},
["nas"] = {"Naasioi"},
["nat"] = {"Ca̱hungwa̱rya̱", "Hungworo"},
["naw"] = {"Nawuri"},
["nax"] = {"Nakwi"},
["nay"] = {"Ngarrindjeri"},
["naz"] = {"Coatepec Nahuatl"},
["nba"] = {"Nyemba"},
["nbb"] = {"Ndoe"},
["nbc"] = {"Chang Naga"},
["nbd"] = {"Ngbinda"},
["nbe"] = {"Konyak Naga"},
["nbg"] = {"Nagarchal"},
["nbh"] = {"Ngamo"},
["nbi"] = {"Mao Naga"},
["nbj"] = {"Ngarinyman"},
["nbk"] = {"Nake"},
["nbm"] = {"Ngbaka Ma'bo"},
["nbn"] = {"Kuri"},
["nbo"] = {"Nkukoli"},
["nbp"] = {"Nnam"},
["nbq"] = {"Nggem"},
["nbr"] = {"Numana"},
["nbs"] = {"Namibian Sign Language"},
["nbt"] = {"Na"},
["nbu"] = {"Rongmei Naga"},
["nbv"] = {"Ngamambo"},
["nbw"] = {"Southern Ngbandi"},
["nby"] = {"Ningera"},
["nca"] = {"Iyo"},
["ncb"] = {"Central Nicobarese"},
["ncc"] = {"Ponam"},
["ncd"] = {"Nachering"},
["nce"] = {"Yale"},
["ncf"] = {"Notsi"},
["ncg"] = {"Nisga'a"},
["nch"] = {"Central Huasteca Nahuatl"},
["nci"] = {"Classical Nahuatl"},
["ncj"] = {"Northern Puebla Nahuatl"},
["nck"] = {"Na-kara"},
["ncl"] = {"Michoacán Nahuatl"},
["ncm"] = {"Nambo"},
["ncn"] = {"Nauna"},
["nco"] = {"Sibe"},
["ncq"] = {"Northern Katang"},
["ncr"] = {"Ncane"},
["ncs"] = {"Nicaraguan Sign Language"},
["nct"] = {"Chothe Naga"},
["ncu"] = {"Chumburung"},
["ncx"] = {"Central Puebla Nahuatl"},
["ncz"] = {"Natchez"},
["nda"] = {"Ndasa"},
["ndb"] = {"Kenswei Nsei"},
["ndc"] = {"Ndau"},
["ndd"] = {"Nde-Nsele-Nta"},
["ndf"] = {"Nadruvian"},
["ndg"] = {"Ndengereko"},
["ndh"] = {"Ndali"},
["ndi"] = {"Samba Leko"},
["ndj"] = {"Ndamba"},
["ndk"] = {"Ndaka"},
["ndl"] = {"Ndolo"},
["ndm"] = {"Ndam"},
["ndn"] = {"Ngundi"},
["ndp"] = {"Ndo"},
["ndq"] = {"Ndombe"},
["ndr"] = {"Ndoola"},
["nds"] = {"Low German", "Low Saxon"},
["ndt"] = {"Ndunga"},
["ndu"] = {"Dugun"},
["ndv"] = {"Ndut"},
["ndw"] = {"Ndobo"},
["ndx"] = {"Nduga"},
["ndy"] = {"Lutos"},
["ndz"] = {"Ndogo"},
["nea"] = {"Eastern Ngad'a"},
["neb"] = {"Toura (Côte d'Ivoire)"},
["nec"] = {"Nedebang"},
["ned"] = {"Nde-Gbite"},
["nee"] = {"Nêlêmwa-Nixumwak"},
["nef"] = {"Nefamese"},
["neg"] = {"Negidal"},
["neh"] = {"Nyenkha"},
["nei"] = {"Neo-Hittite"},
["nej"] = {"Neko"},
["nek"] = {"Neku"},
["nem"] = {"Nemi"},
["nen"] = {"Nengone"},
["neo"] = {"Ná-Meo"},
["neq"] = {"North Central Mixe"},
["ner"] = {"Yahadian"},
["nes"] = {"Bhoti Kinnauri"},
["net"] = {"Nete"},
["neu"] = {"Neo"},
["nev"] = {"Nyaheun"},
["new"] = {"Nepal Bhasa", "Newar", "Newari"},
["nex"] = {"Neme"},
["ney"] = {"Neyo"},
["nez"] = {"Nez Perce"},
["nfa"] = {"Dhao"},
["nfd"] = {"Ahwai"},
["nfl"] = {"Ayiwo", "Äiwoo"},
["nfr"] = {"Nafaanra"},
["nfu"] = {"Mfumte"},
["nga"] = {"Ngbaka"},
["ngb"] = {"Northern Ngbandi"},
["ngc"] = {"Ngombe (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["ngd"] = {"Ngando (Central African Republic)"},
["nge"] = {"Ngemba"},
["ngf"] = {"Trans-New Guinea languages"},
["ngg"] = {"Ngbaka Manza"},
["ngh"] = {"Nǁng"},
["ngi"] = {"Ngizim"},
["ngj"] = {"Ngie"},
["ngk"] = {"Dalabon"},
["ngl"] = {"Lomwe"},
["ngm"] = {"Ngatik Men's Creole"},
["ngn"] = {"Ngwo"},
["ngp"] = {"Ngulu"},
["ngq"] = {"Ngurimi", "Ngoreme"},
["ngr"] = {"Engdewu"},
["ngs"] = {"Gvoko"},
["ngt"] = {"Kriang", "Ngeq"},
["ngu"] = {"Guerrero Nahuatl"},
["ngv"] = {"Nagumi"},
["ngw"] = {"Ngwaba"},
["ngx"] = {"Nggwahyi"},
["ngy"] = {"Tibea"},
["ngz"] = {"Ngungwel"},
["nha"] = {"Nhanda"},
["nhb"] = {"Beng"},
["nhc"] = {"Tabasco Nahuatl"},
["nhd"] = {"Chiripá", "Ava Guaraní"},
["nhe"] = {"Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl"},
["nhf"] = {"Nhuwala"},
["nhg"] = {"Tetelcingo Nahuatl"},
["nhh"] = {"Nahari"},
["nhi"] = {"Zacatlán-Ahuacatlán-Tepetzintla Nahuatl"},
["nhk"] = {"Isthmus-Cosoleacaque Nahuatl"},
["nhm"] = {"Morelos Nahuatl"},
["nhn"] = {"Central Nahuatl"},
["nho"] = {"Takuu"},
["nhp"] = {"Isthmus-Pajapan Nahuatl"},
["nhq"] = {"Huaxcaleca Nahuatl"},
["nhr"] = {"Naro"},
["nht"] = {"Ometepec Nahuatl"},
["nhu"] = {"Noone"},
["nhv"] = {"Temascaltepec Nahuatl"},
["nhw"] = {"Western Huasteca Nahuatl"},
["nhx"] = {"Isthmus-Mecayapan Nahuatl"},
["nhy"] = {"Northern Oaxaca Nahuatl"},
["nhz"] = {"Santa María La Alta Nahuatl"},
["nia"] = {"Nias"},
["nib"] = {"Nakame"},
["nic"] = {"Niger-Kordofanian languages"},
["nid"] = {"Ngandi"},
["nie"] = {"Niellim"},
["nif"] = {"Nek"},
["nig"] = {"Ngalakgan"},
["nih"] = {"Nyiha (Tanzania)"},
["nii"] = {"Nii"},
["nij"] = {"Ngaju"},
["nik"] = {"Southern Nicobarese"},
["nil"] = {"Nila"},
["nim"] = {"Nilamba"},
["nin"] = {"Ninzo"},
["nio"] = {"Nganasan"},
["niq"] = {"Nandi"},
["nir"] = {"Nimboran"},
["nis"] = {"Nimi"},
["nit"] = {"Southeastern Kolami"},
["niu"] = {"Niuean"},
["niv"] = {"Gilyak"},
["niw"] = {"Nimo"},
["nix"] = {"Hema"},
["niy"] = {"Ngiti"},
["niz"] = {"Ningil"},
["nja"] = {"Nzanyi"},
["njb"] = {"Nocte Naga"},
["njd"] = {"Ndonde Hamba"},
["njh"] = {"Lotha Naga"},
["nji"] = {"Gudanji"},
["njj"] = {"Njen"},
["njl"] = {"Njalgulgule"},
["njm"] = {"Angami Naga"},
["njn"] = {"Liangmai Naga"},
["njo"] = {"Ao Naga"},
["njr"] = {"Njerep"},
["njs"] = {"Nisa"},
["njt"] = {"Ndyuka-Trio Pidgin"},
["nju"] = {"Ngadjunmaya"},
["njx"] = {"Kunyi"},
["njy"] = {"Njyem"},
["njz"] = {"Nyishi"},
["nka"] = {"Nkoya"},
["nkb"] = {"Khoibu Naga"},
["nkc"] = {"Nkongho"},
["nkd"] = {"Koireng"},
["nke"] = {"Duke"},
["nkf"] = {"Inpui Naga"},
["nkg"] = {"Nekgini"},
["nkh"] = {"Khezha Naga"},
["nki"] = {"Thangal Naga"},
["nkj"] = {"Nakai"},
["nkk"] = {"Nokuku"},
["nkm"] = {"Namat"},
["nkn"] = {"Nkangala"},
["nko"] = {"Nkonya"},
["nkp"] = {"Niuatoputapu"},
["nkq"] = {"Nkami"},
["nkr"] = {"Nukuoro"},
["nks"] = {"North Asmat"},
["nkt"] = {"Nyika (Tanzania)"},
["nku"] = {"Bouna Kulango"},
["nkv"] = {"Nyika (Malawi and Zambia)"},
["nkw"] = {"Nkutu"},
["nkx"] = {"Nkoroo"},
["nkz"] = {"Nkari"},
["nla"] = {"Ngombale"},
["nlc"] = {"Nalca"},
["nle"] = {"East Nyala"},
["nlg"] = {"Gela"},
["nli"] = {"Grangali"},
["nlj"] = {"Nyali"},
["nlk"] = {"Ninia Yali"},
["nll"] = {"Nihali"},
["nlm"] = {"Mankiyali"},
["nlo"] = {"Ngul"},
["nlq"] = {"Lao Naga"},
["nlu"] = {"Nchumbulu"},
["nlv"] = {"Orizaba Nahuatl"},
["nlw"] = {"Walangama"},
["nlx"] = {"Nahali"},
["nly"] = {"Nyamal"},
["nlz"] = {"Nalögo"},
["nma"] = {"Maram Naga"},
["nmb"] = {"Big Nambas", "V'ënen Taut"},
["nmc"] = {"Ngam"},
["nmd"] = {"Ndumu"},
["nme"] = {"Mzieme Naga"},
["nmf"] = {"Tangkhul Naga (India)"},
["nmg"] = {"Kwasio"},
["nmh"] = {"Monsang Naga"},
["nmi"] = {"Nyam"},
["nmj"] = {"Ngombe (Central African Republic)"},
["nmk"] = {"Namakura"},
["nml"] = {"Ndemli"},
["nmm"] = {"Manangba"},
["nmn"] = {"ǃXóõ"},
["nmo"] = {"Moyon Naga"},
["nmp"] = {"Nimanbur"},
["nmq"] = {"Nambya"},
["nmr"] = {"Nimbari"},
["nms"] = {"Letemboi"},
["nmt"] = {"Namonuito"},
["nmu"] = {"Northeast Maidu"},
["nmv"] = {"Ngamini"},
["nmw"] = {"Nimoa", "Rifao"},
["nmx"] = {"Nama (Papua New Guinea)"},
["nmy"] = {"Namuyi"},
["nmz"] = {"Nawdm"},
["nna"] = {"Nyangumarta"},
["nnb"] = {"Nande"},
["nnc"] = {"Nancere"},
["nnd"] = {"West Ambae"},
["nne"] = {"Ngandyera"},
["nnf"] = {"Ngaing"},
["nng"] = {"Maring Naga"},
["nnh"] = {"Ngiemboon"},
["nni"] = {"North Nuaulu"},
["nnj"] = {"Nyangatom"},
["nnk"] = {"Nankina"},
["nnl"] = {"Northern Rengma Naga"},
["nnm"] = {"Namia"},
["nnn"] = {"Ngete"},
["nnp"] = {"Wancho Naga"},
["nnq"] = {"Ngindo"},
["nnr"] = {"Narungga"},
["nnt"] = {"Nanticoke"},
["nnu"] = {"Dwang"},
["nnv"] = {"Nugunu (Australia)"},
["nnw"] = {"Southern Nuni"},
["nny"] = {"Nyangga"},
["nnz"] = {"Nda'nda'"},
["noa"] = {"Woun Meu"},
["noc"] = {"Nuk"},
["nod"] = {"Northern Thai"},
["noe"] = {"Nimadi"},
["nof"] = {"Nomane"},
["nog"] = {"Nogai"},
["noh"] = {"Nomu"},
["noi"] = {"Noiri"},
["noj"] = {"Nonuya"},
["nok"] = {"Nooksack", "Lhéchelesem"},
["nol"] = {"Nomlaki"},
["non"] = {"Old Norse"},
["nop"] = {"Numanggang"},
["noq"] = {"Ngongo"},
["nos"] = {"Eastern Nisu"},
["not"] = {"Nomatsiguenga"},
["nou"] = {"Ewage-Notu"},
["nov"] = {"Novial"},
["now"] = {"Nyambo"},
["noy"] = {"Noy"},
["noz"] = {"Nayi"},
["npa"] = {"Nar Phu"},
["npb"] = {"Nupbikha"},
["npg"] = {"Ponyo-Gongwang Naga"},
["nph"] = {"Phom Naga"},
["npi"] = {"Nepali (individual language)"},
["npl"] = {"Southeastern Puebla Nahuatl"},
["npn"] = {"Mondropolon"},
["npo"] = {"Pochuri Naga"},
["nps"] = {"Nipsan"},
["npu"] = {"Puimei Naga"},
["npx"] = {"Noipx"},
["npy"] = {"Napu"},
["nqg"] = {"Southern Nago"},
["nqk"] = {"Kura Ede Nago"},
["nql"] = {"Ngendelengo"},
["nqm"] = {"Ndom"},
["nqn"] = {"Nen"},
["nqo"] = {"N'Ko", "N’Ko"},
["nqq"] = {"Kyan-Karyaw Naga"},
["nqt"] = {"Nteng"},
["nqy"] = {"Akyaung Ari Naga"},
["nra"] = {"Ngom"},
["nrb"] = {"Nara"},
["nrc"] = {"Noric"},
["nre"] = {"Southern Rengma Naga"},
["nrf"] = {"Jèrriais", "Guernésiais", "Sercquiais"},
["nrg"] = {"Narango"},
["nri"] = {"Chokri Naga"},
["nrk"] = {"Ngarla"},
["nrl"] = {"Ngarluma"},
["nrm"] = {"Narom"},
["nrn"] = {"Norn"},
["nrp"] = {"North Picene"},
["nrr"] = {"Norra", "Nora"},
["nrt"] = {"Northern Kalapuya"},
["nru"] = {"Narua"},
["nrx"] = {"Ngurmbur"},
["nrz"] = {"Lala"},
["nsa"] = {"Sangtam Naga"},
["nsb"] = {"Lower Nossob"},
["nsc"] = {"Nshi"},
["nsd"] = {"Southern Nisu"},
["nse"] = {"Nsenga"},
["nsf"] = {"Northwestern Nisu"},
["nsg"] = {"Ngasa"},
["nsh"] = {"Ngoshie"},
["nsi"] = {"Nigerian Sign Language"},
["nsk"] = {"Naskapi"},
["nsl"] = {"Norwegian Sign Language"},
["nsm"] = {"Sumi Naga"},
["nsn"] = {"Nehan"},
["nso"] = {"Pedi", "Northern Sotho", "Sepedi"},
["nsp"] = {"Nepalese Sign Language"},
["nsq"] = {"Northern Sierra Miwok"},
["nsr"] = {"Maritime Sign Language"},
["nss"] = {"Nali"},
["nst"] = {"Tase Naga"},
["nsu"] = {"Sierra Negra Nahuatl"},
["nsv"] = {"Southwestern Nisu"},
["nsw"] = {"Navut"},
["nsx"] = {"Nsongo"},
["nsy"] = {"Nasal"},
["nsz"] = {"Nisenan"},
["ntd"] = {"Northern Tidung"},
["ntg"] = {"Ngantangarra"},
["nti"] = {"Natioro"},
["ntj"] = {"Ngaanyatjarra"},
["ntk"] = {"Ikoma-Nata-Isenye"},
["ntm"] = {"Nateni"},
["nto"] = {"Ntomba"},
["ntp"] = {"Northern Tepehuan"},
["ntr"] = {"Delo"},
["ntu"] = {"Natügu"},
["ntw"] = {"Nottoway"},
["ntx"] = {"Tangkhul Naga (Myanmar)"},
["nty"] = {"Mantsi"},
["ntz"] = {"Natanzi"},
["nua"] = {"Yuanga"},
["nub"] = {"Nubian languages"},
["nuc"] = {"Nukuini"},
["nud"] = {"Ngala"},
["nue"] = {"Ngundu"},
["nuf"] = {"Nusu"},
["nug"] = {"Nungali"},
["nuh"] = {"Ndunda"},
["nui"] = {"Ngumbi"},
["nuj"] = {"Nyole"},
["nuk"] = {"Nuu-chah-nulth", "Nuuchahnulth"},
["nul"] = {"Nusa Laut"},
["num"] = {"Niuafo'ou"},
["nun"] = {"Anong"},
["nuo"] = {"Nguôn"},
["nup"] = {"Nupe-Nupe-Tako"},
["nuq"] = {"Nukumanu"},
["nur"] = {"Nukuria"},
["nus"] = {"Nuer"},
["nut"] = {"Nung (Viet Nam)"},
["nuu"] = {"Ngbundu"},
["nuv"] = {"Northern Nuni"},
["nuw"] = {"Nguluwan"},
["nux"] = {"Mehek"},
["nuy"] = {"Nunggubuyu"},
["nuz"] = {"Tlamacazapa Nahuatl"},
["nvh"] = {"Nasarian"},
["nvm"] = {"Namiae"},
["nvo"] = {"Nyokon"},
["nwa"] = {"Nawathinehena"},
["nwb"] = {"Nyabwa"},
["nwc"] = {"Classical Newari", "Classical Nepal Bhasa", "Old Newari"},
["nwe"] = {"Ngwe"},
["nwg"] = {"Ngayawung"},
["nwi"] = {"Southwest Tanna"},
["nwm"] = {"Nyamusa-Molo"},
["nwo"] = {"Nauo"},
["nwr"] = {"Nawaru"},
["nww"] = {"Ndwewe"},
["nwx"] = {"Middle Newar"},
["nwy"] = {"Nottoway-Meherrin"},
["nxa"] = {"Nauete"},
["nxd"] = {"Ngando (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["nxe"] = {"Nage"},
["nxg"] = {"Ngad'a"},
["nxi"] = {"Nindi"},
["nxk"] = {"Koki Naga"},
["nxl"] = {"South Nuaulu"},
["nxm"] = {"Numidian"},
["nxn"] = {"Ngawun"},
["nxo"] = {"Ndambomo"},
["nxq"] = {"Naxi"},
["nxr"] = {"Ninggerum"},
["nxx"] = {"Nafri"},
["nyb"] = {"Nyangbo"},
["nyc"] = {"Nyanga-li"},
["nyd"] = {"Nyore", "Olunyole"},
["nye"] = {"Nyengo"},
["nyf"] = {"Giryama", "Kigiryama"},
["nyg"] = {"Nyindu"},
["nyh"] = {"Nyikina"},
["nyi"] = {"Ama (Sudan)"},
["nyj"] = {"Nyanga"},
["nyk"] = {"Nyaneka"},
["nyl"] = {"Nyeu"},
["nym"] = {"Nyamwezi"},
["nyn"] = {"Nyankole"},
["nyo"] = {"Nyoro"},
["nyp"] = {"Nyang'i"},
["nyq"] = {"Nayini"},
["nyr"] = {"Nyiha (Malawi)"},
["nys"] = {"Nyungar"},
["nyt"] = {"Nyawaygi"},
["nyu"] = {"Nyungwe"},
["nyv"] = {"Nyulnyul"},
["nyw"] = {"Nyaw"},
["nyx"] = {"Nganyaywana"},
["nyy"] = {"Nyakyusa-Ngonde"},
["nza"] = {"Tigon Mbembe"},
["nzb"] = {"Njebi"},
["nzd"] = {"Nzadi"},
["nzi"] = {"Nzima"},
["nzk"] = {"Nzakara"},
["nzm"] = {"Zeme Naga"},
["nzr"] = {"Dir-Nyamzak-Mbarimi"},
["nzs"] = {"New Zealand Sign Language"},
["nzu"] = {"Teke-Nzikou"},
["nzy"] = {"Nzakambay"},
["nzz"] = {"Nanga Dama Dogon"},
["oaa"] = {"Orok"},
["oac"] = {"Oroch"},
["oak"] = {"Noakhali", "Noakhailla"},
["oar"] = {"Old Aramaic (up to 700 BCE)", "Ancient Aramaic (up to 700 BCE)"},
["oav"] = {"Old Avar"},
["obi"] = {"Obispeño"},
["obk"] = {"Southern Bontok"},
["obl"] = {"Oblo"},
["obm"] = {"Moabite"},
["obo"] = {"Obo Manobo"},
["obr"] = {"Old Burmese"},
["obt"] = {"Old Breton"},
["obu"] = {"Obulom"},
["oca"] = {"Ocaina"},
["och"] = {"Old Chinese"},
["ocm"] = {"Old Cham"},
["oco"] = {"Old Cornish"},
["ocu"] = {"Atzingo Matlatzinca"},
["oda"] = {"Odut"},
["odk"] = {"Od"},
["odt"] = {"Old Dutch"},
["odu"] = {"Odual"},
["ofo"] = {"Ofo"},
["ofs"] = {"Old Frisian"},
["ofu"] = {"Efutop"},
["ogb"] = {"Ogbia"},
["ogc"] = {"Ogbah"},
["oge"] = {"Old Georgian"},
["ogg"] = {"Ogbogolo"},
["ogo"] = {"Khana"},
["ogu"] = {"Ogbronuagum"},
["oht"] = {"Old Hittite"},
["ohu"] = {"Old Hungarian"},
["oia"] = {"Oirata"},
["oie"] = {"Okolie"},
["oin"] = {"Inebu One"},
["ojb"] = {"Northwestern Ojibwa"},
["ojc"] = {"Central Ojibwa"},
["ojg"] = {"Eastern Ojibwa"},
["ojp"] = {"Old Japanese"},
["ojs"] = {"Severn Ojibwa"},
["ojv"] = {"Ontong Java"},
["ojw"] = {"Western Ojibwa"},
["oka"] = {"Okanagan"},
["okb"] = {"Okobo"},
["okc"] = {"Kobo"},
["okd"] = {"Okodia"},
["oke"] = {"Okpe (Southwestern Edo)"},
["okg"] = {"Koko Babangk"},
["okh"] = {"Koresh-e Rostam"},
["oki"] = {"Okiek"},
["okj"] = {"Oko-Juwoi"},
["okk"] = {"Kwamtim One"},
["okl"] = {"Old Kentish Sign Language"},
["okm"] = {"Middle Korean (10th-16th cent.)"},
["okn"] = {"Oki-No-Erabu"},
["oko"] = {"Old Korean (3rd-9th cent.)"},
["okr"] = {"Kirike"},
["oks"] = {"Oko-Eni-Osayen"},
["oku"] = {"Oku"},
["okv"] = {"Orokaiva"},
["okx"] = {"Okpe (Northwestern Edo)"},
["okz"] = {"Old Khmer"},
["ola"] = {"Walungge"},
["olb"] = {"Oli-Bodiman"},
["old"] = {"Mochi"},
["ole"] = {"Olekha"},
["olk"] = {"Olkol"},
["olm"] = {"Oloma"},
["olo"] = {"Livvi"},
["olr"] = {"Olrat"},
["olt"] = {"Old Lithuanian"},
["olu"] = {"Kuvale"},
["oma"] = {"Omaha-Ponca"},
["omb"] = {"East Ambae"},
["omc"] = {"Mochica"},
["omg"] = {"Omagua"},
["omi"] = {"Omi"},
["omk"] = {"Omok"},
["oml"] = {"Ombo"},
["omn"] = {"Minoan"},
["omo"] = {"Utarmbung"},
["omp"] = {"Old Manipuri"},
["omq"] = {"Oto-Manguean languages"},
["omr"] = {"Old Marathi"},
["omt"] = {"Omotik"},
["omu"] = {"Omurano"},
["omv"] = {"Omotic languages"},
["omw"] = {"South Tairora"},
["omx"] = {"Old Mon"},
["omy"] = {"Old Malay"},
["ona"] = {"Ona"},
["onb"] = {"Lingao"},
["one"] = {"Oneida"},
["ong"] = {"Olo"},
["oni"] = {"Onin"},
["onj"] = {"Onjob"},
["onk"] = {"Kabore One"},
["onn"] = {"Onobasulu"},
["ono"] = {"Onondaga"},
["onp"] = {"Sartang"},
["onr"] = {"Northern One"},
["ons"] = {"Ono"},
["ont"] = {"Ontenu"},
["onu"] = {"Unua"},
["onw"] = {"Old Nubian"},
["onx"] = {"Onin Based Pidgin"},
["ood"] = {"Tohono O'odham"},
["oog"] = {"Ong"},
["oon"] = {"Önge"},
["oor"] = {"Oorlams"},
["oos"] = {"Old Ossetic"},
["opa"] = {"Okpamheri"},
["opk"] = {"Kopkaka"},
["opm"] = {"Oksapmin"},
["opo"] = {"Opao"},
["opt"] = {"Opata"},
["opy"] = {"Ofayé"},
["ora"] = {"Oroha"},
["orc"] = {"Orma"},
["ore"] = {"Orejón"},
["org"] = {"Oring"},
["orh"] = {"Oroqen"},
["orn"] = {"Orang Kanaq"},
["oro"] = {"Orokolo"},
["orr"] = {"Oruma"},
["ors"] = {"Orang Seletar"},
["ort"] = {"Adivasi Oriya"},
["oru"] = {"Ormuri"},
["orv"] = {"Old Russian"},
["orw"] = {"Oro Win"},
["orx"] = {"Oro"},
["ory"] = {"Odia (individual language)", "Oriya (individual language)"},
["orz"] = {"Ormu"},
["osa"] = {"Osage"},
["osc"] = {"Oscan"},
["osd"] = {"Digor Ossetic", "Digor", "Digor Ossetian"},
["osi"] = {"Osing"},
["osn"] = {"Old Sundanese"},
["oso"] = {"Ososo"},
["osp"] = {"Old Spanish"},
["ost"] = {"Osatu"},
["osu"] = {"Southern One"},
["osx"] = {"Old Saxon"},
["ota"] = {"Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928)"},
["otb"] = {"Old Tibetan"},
["otd"] = {"Ot Danum"},
["ote"] = {"Mezquital Otomi"},
["oti"] = {"Oti"},
["otk"] = {"Old Turkish"},
["otl"] = {"Tilapa Otomi"},
["otm"] = {"Eastern Highland Otomi"},
["otn"] = {"Tenango Otomi"},
["oto"] = {"Otomian languages"},
["otq"] = {"Querétaro Otomi"},
["otr"] = {"Otoro"},
["ots"] = {"Estado de México Otomi"},
["ott"] = {"Temoaya Otomi"},
["otu"] = {"Otuke"},
["otw"] = {"Ottawa"},
["otx"] = {"Texcatepec Otomi"},
["oty"] = {"Old Tamil"},
["otz"] = {"Ixtenco Otomi"},
["oua"] = {"Tagargrent"},
["oub"] = {"Glio-Oubi"},
["oue"] = {"Oune"},
["oui"] = {"Old Uighur"},
["oum"] = {"Ouma"},
["ovd"] = {"Elfdalian", "Övdalian"},
["owi"] = {"Owiniga"},
["owl"] = {"Old Welsh"},
["oyb"] = {"Oy"},
["oyd"] = {"Oyda"},
["oym"] = {"Wayampi"},
["oyy"] = {"Oya'oya"},
["ozm"] = {"Koonzime"},
["paa"] = {"Papuan languages"},
["pab"] = {"Parecís"},
["pac"] = {"Pacoh"},
["pad"] = {"Paumarí"},
["pae"] = {"Pagibete"},
["paf"] = {"Paranawát"},
["pag"] = {"Pangasinan"},
["pah"] = {"Tenharim"},
["pai"] = {"Pe"},
["pak"] = {"Parakanã"},
["pal"] = {"Pahlavi"},
["pam"] = {"Pampanga", "Kapampangan"},
["pao"] = {"Northern Paiute"},
["pap"] = {"Papiamento"},
["paq"] = {"Parya"},
["par"] = {"Panamint", "Timbisha"},
["pas"] = {"Papasena"},
["pau"] = {"Palauan"},
["pav"] = {"Pakaásnovos"},
["paw"] = {"Pawnee"},
["pax"] = {"Pankararé"},
["pay"] = {"Pech"},
["paz"] = {"Pankararú"},
["pbb"] = {"Páez"},
["pbc"] = {"Patamona"},
["pbe"] = {"Mezontla Popoloca"},
["pbf"] = {"Coyotepec Popoloca"},
["pbg"] = {"Paraujano"},
["pbh"] = {"E'ñapa Woromaipu"},
["pbi"] = {"Parkwa"},
["pbl"] = {"Mak (Nigeria)"},
["pbm"] = {"Puebla Mazatec"},
["pbn"] = {"Kpasam"},
["pbo"] = {"Papel"},
["pbp"] = {"Badyara"},
["pbr"] = {"Pangwa"},
["pbs"] = {"Central Pame"},
["pbt"] = {"Southern Pashto"},
["pbu"] = {"Northern Pashto"},
["pbv"] = {"Pnar"},
["pby"] = {"Pyu (Papua New Guinea)"},
["pca"] = {"Santa Inés Ahuatempan Popoloca"},
["pcb"] = {"Pear"},
["pcc"] = {"Bouyei"},
["pcd"] = {"Picard"},
["pce"] = {"Ruching Palaung"},
["pcf"] = {"Paliyan"},
["pcg"] = {"Paniya"},
["pch"] = {"Pardhan"},
["pci"] = {"Duruwa"},
["pcj"] = {"Parenga"},
["pck"] = {"Paite Chin"},
["pcl"] = {"Pardhi"},
["pcm"] = {"Nigerian Pidgin"},
["pcn"] = {"Piti"},
["pcp"] = {"Pacahuara"},
["pcw"] = {"Pyapun"},
["pda"] = {"Anam"},
["pdc"] = {"Pennsylvania German"},
["pdi"] = {"Pa Di"},
["pdn"] = {"Podena", "Fedan"},
["pdo"] = {"Padoe"},
["pdt"] = {"Plautdietsch"},
["pdu"] = {"Kayan"},
["pea"] = {"Peranakan Indonesian"},
["peb"] = {"Eastern Pomo"},
["ped"] = {"Mala (Papua New Guinea)"},
["pee"] = {"Taje"},
["pef"] = {"Northeastern Pomo"},
["peg"] = {"Pengo"},
["peh"] = {"Bonan"},
["pei"] = {"Chichimeca-Jonaz"},
["pej"] = {"Northern Pomo"},
["pek"] = {"Penchal"},
["pel"] = {"Pekal"},
["pem"] = {"Phende"},
["peo"] = {"Old Persian (ca. 600-400 B.C.)"},
["pep"] = {"Kunja"},
["peq"] = {"Southern Pomo"},
["pes"] = {"Iranian Persian"},
["pev"] = {"Pémono"},
["pex"] = {"Petats"},
["pey"] = {"Petjo"},
["pez"] = {"Eastern Penan"},
["pfa"] = {"Pááfang"},
["pfe"] = {"Pere"},
["pfl"] = {"Pfaelzisch"},
["pga"] = {"Sudanese Creole Arabic"},
["pgd"] = {"Gāndhārī"},
["pgg"] = {"Pangwali"},
["pgi"] = {"Pagi"},
["pgk"] = {"Rerep"},
["pgl"] = {"Primitive Irish"},
["pgn"] = {"Paelignian"},
["pgs"] = {"Pangseng"},
["pgu"] = {"Pagu"},
["pgz"] = {"Papua New Guinean Sign Language"},
["pha"] = {"Pa-Hng"},
["phd"] = {"Phudagi"},
["phg"] = {"Phuong"},
["phh"] = {"Phukha"},
["phi"] = {"Philippine languages"},
["phj"] = {"Pahari"},
["phk"] = {"Phake"},
["phl"] = {"Phalura", "Palula"},
["phm"] = {"Phimbi"},
["phn"] = {"Phoenician"},
["pho"] = {"Phunoi"},
["phq"] = {"Phana'"},
["phr"] = {"Pahari-Potwari"},
["pht"] = {"Phu Thai"},
["phu"] = {"Phuan"},
["phv"] = {"Pahlavani"},
["phw"] = {"Phangduwali"},
["pia"] = {"Pima Bajo"},
["pib"] = {"Yine"},
["pic"] = {"Pinji"},
["pid"] = {"Piaroa"},
["pie"] = {"Piro"},
["pif"] = {"Pingelapese"},
["pig"] = {"Pisabo"},
["pih"] = {"Pitcairn-Norfolk"},
["pij"] = {"Pijao"},
["pil"] = {"Yom"},
["pim"] = {"Powhatan"},
["pin"] = {"Piame"},
["pio"] = {"Piapoco"},
["pip"] = {"Pero"},
["pir"] = {"Piratapuyo"},
["pis"] = {"Pijin"},
["pit"] = {"Pitta Pitta"},
["piu"] = {"Pintupi-Luritja"},
["piv"] = {"Pileni", "Vaeakau-Taumako"},
["piw"] = {"Pimbwe"},
["pix"] = {"Piu"},
["piy"] = {"Piya-Kwonci"},
["piz"] = {"Pije"},
["pjt"] = {"Pitjantjatjara"},
["pka"] = {"Ardhamāgadhī Prākrit"},
["pkb"] = {"Pokomo", "Kipfokomo"},
["pkc"] = {"Paekche"},
["pkg"] = {"Pak-Tong"},
["pkh"] = {"Pankhu"},
["pkn"] = {"Pakanha"},
["pko"] = {"Pökoot"},
["pkp"] = {"Pukapuka"},
["pkr"] = {"Attapady Kurumba"},
["pks"] = {"Pakistan Sign Language"},
["pkt"] = {"Maleng"},
["pku"] = {"Paku"},
["pla"] = {"Miani"},
["plb"] = {"Polonombauk"},
["plc"] = {"Central Palawano"},
["pld"] = {"Polari"},
["ple"] = {"Palu'e"},
["plf"] = {"Central Malayo-Polynesian languages"},
["plg"] = {"Pilagá"},
["plh"] = {"Paulohi"},
["plk"] = {"Kohistani Shina"},
["pll"] = {"Shwe Palaung"},
["pln"] = {"Palenquero"},
["plo"] = {"Oluta Popoluca"},
["plq"] = {"Palaic"},
["plr"] = {"Palaka Senoufo"},
["pls"] = {"San Marcos Tlacoyalco Popoloca", "San Marcos Tlalcoyalco Popoloca"},
["plt"] = {"Plateau Malagasy"},
["plu"] = {"Palikúr"},
["plv"] = {"Southwest Palawano"},
["plw"] = {"Brooke's Point Palawano"},
["ply"] = {"Bolyu"},
["plz"] = {"Paluan"},
["pma"] = {"Paama"},
["pmb"] = {"Pambia"},
["pmd"] = {"Pallanganmiddang"},
["pme"] = {"Pwaamei"},
["pmf"] = {"Pamona"},
["pmh"] = {"Māhārāṣṭri Prākrit"},
["pmi"] = {"Northern Pumi"},
["pmj"] = {"Southern Pumi"},
["pml"] = {"Lingua Franca"},
["pmm"] = {"Pomo"},
["pmn"] = {"Pam"},
["pmo"] = {"Pom"},
["pmq"] = {"Northern Pame"},
["pmr"] = {"Paynamar"},
["pms"] = {"Piemontese"},
["pmt"] = {"Tuamotuan"},
["pmw"] = {"Plains Miwok"},
["pmx"] = {"Poumei Naga"},
["pmy"] = {"Papuan Malay"},
["pmz"] = {"Southern Pame"},
["pna"] = {"Punan Bah-Biau"},
["pnb"] = {"Western Panjabi"},
["pnc"] = {"Pannei"},
["pnd"] = {"Mpinda"},
["pne"] = {"Western Penan"},
["png"] = {"Pangu", "Pongu"},
["pnh"] = {"Penrhyn"},
["pni"] = {"Aoheng"},
["pnj"] = {"Pinjarup"},
["pnk"] = {"Paunaka"},
["pnl"] = {"Paleni"},
["pnm"] = {"Punan Batu 1"},
["pnn"] = {"Pinai-Hagahai"},
["pno"] = {"Panobo"},
["pnp"] = {"Pancana"},
["pnq"] = {"Pana (Burkina Faso)"},
["pnr"] = {"Panim"},
["pns"] = {"Ponosakan"},
["pnt"] = {"Pontic"},
["pnu"] = {"Jiongnai Bunu"},
["pnv"] = {"Pinigura"},
["pnw"] = {"Banyjima", "Panytyima"},
["pnx"] = {"Phong-Kniang"},
["pny"] = {"Pinyin"},
["pnz"] = {"Pana (Central African Republic)"},
["poc"] = {"Poqomam"},
["poe"] = {"San Juan Atzingo Popoloca"},
["pof"] = {"Poke"},
["pog"] = {"Potiguára"},
["poh"] = {"Poqomchi'"},
["poi"] = {"Highland Popoluca"},
["pok"] = {"Pokangá"},
["pom"] = {"Southeastern Pomo"},
["pon"] = {"Pohnpeian"},
["poo"] = {"Central Pomo"},
["pop"] = {"Pwapwâ"},
["poq"] = {"Texistepec Popoluca"},
["pos"] = {"Sayula Popoluca"},
["pot"] = {"Potawatomi"},
["pov"] = {"Upper Guinea Crioulo"},
["pow"] = {"San Felipe Otlaltepec Popoloca"},
["pox"] = {"Polabian"},
["poy"] = {"Pogolo"},
["poz"] = {"Malayo-Polynesian languages"},
["ppe"] = {"Papi"},
["ppi"] = {"Paipai"},
["ppk"] = {"Uma"},
["ppl"] = {"Pipil", "Nicarao"},
["ppm"] = {"Papuma"},
["ppn"] = {"Papapana"},
["ppo"] = {"Folopa"},
["ppp"] = {"Pelende"},
["ppq"] = {"Pei"},
["pps"] = {"San Luís Temalacayuca Popoloca"},
["ppt"] = {"Pare"},
["ppu"] = {"Papora"},
["pqa"] = {"Pa'a"},
["pqe"] = {"Eastern Malayo-Polynesian languages"},
["pqm"] = {"Malecite-Passamaquoddy"},
["pqw"] = {"Western Malayo-Polynesian languages"},
["pra"] = {"Prakrit languages"},
["prc"] = {"Parachi"},
["prd"] = {"Parsi-Dari"},
["pre"] = {"Principense"},
["prf"] = {"Paranan"},
["prg"] = {"Prussian"},
["prh"] = {"Porohanon"},
["pri"] = {"Paicî"},
["prk"] = {"Parauk"},
["prl"] = {"Peruvian Sign Language"},
["prm"] = {"Kibiri"},
["prn"] = {"Prasuni"},
["pro"] = {"Old Provençal (to 1500)", "Old Occitan (to 1500)"},
["prq"] = {"Ashéninka Perené"},
["prr"] = {"Puri"},
["prs"] = {"Dari", "Afghan Persian"},
["prt"] = {"Phai"},
["pru"] = {"Puragi"},
["prw"] = {"Parawen"},
["prx"] = {"Purik"},
["prz"] = {"Providencia Sign Language"},
["psa"] = {"Asue Awyu"},
["psc"] = {"Iranian Sign Language", "Persian Sign Language"},
["psd"] = {"Plains Indian Sign Language"},
["pse"] = {"Central Malay"},
["psg"] = {"Penang Sign Language"},
["psh"] = {"Southwest Pashai", "Southwest Pashayi"},
["psi"] = {"Southeast Pashai", "Southeast Pashayi"},
["psl"] = {"Puerto Rican Sign Language"},
["psm"] = {"Pauserna"},
["psn"] = {"Panasuan"},
["pso"] = {"Polish Sign Language"},
["psp"] = {"Philippine Sign Language"},
["psq"] = {"Pasi"},
["psr"] = {"Portuguese Sign Language"},
["pss"] = {"Kaulong"},
["pst"] = {"Central Pashto"},
["psu"] = {"Sauraseni Prākrit"},
["psw"] = {"Port Sandwich"},
["psy"] = {"Piscataway"},
["pta"] = {"Pai Tavytera"},
["pth"] = {"Pataxó Hã-Ha-Hãe"},
["pti"] = {"Pindiini", "Wangkatha"},
["ptn"] = {"Patani"},
["pto"] = {"Zo'é"},
["ptp"] = {"Patep"},
["ptq"] = {"Pattapu"},
["ptr"] = {"Piamatsina"},
["ptt"] = {"Enrekang"},
["ptu"] = {"Bambam"},
["ptv"] = {"Port Vato"},
["ptw"] = {"Pentlatch"},
["pty"] = {"Pathiya"},
["pua"] = {"Western Highland Purepecha"},
["pub"] = {"Purum"},
["puc"] = {"Punan Merap"},
["pud"] = {"Punan Aput"},
["pue"] = {"Puelche"},
["puf"] = {"Punan Merah"},
["pug"] = {"Phuie"},
["pui"] = {"Puinave"},
["puj"] = {"Punan Tubu"},
["pum"] = {"Puma"},
["puo"] = {"Puoc"},
["pup"] = {"Pulabu"},
["puq"] = {"Puquina"},
["pur"] = {"Puruborá"},
["put"] = {"Putoh"},
["puu"] = {"Punu"},
["puw"] = {"Puluwatese"},
["pux"] = {"Puare"},
["puy"] = {"Purisimeño"},
["pwa"] = {"Pawaia"},
["pwb"] = {"Panawa"},
["pwg"] = {"Gapapaiwa"},
["pwi"] = {"Patwin"},
["pwm"] = {"Molbog"},
["pwn"] = {"Paiwan"},
["pwo"] = {"Pwo Western Karen"},
["pwr"] = {"Powari"},
["pww"] = {"Pwo Northern Karen"},
["pxm"] = {"Quetzaltepec Mixe"},
["pye"] = {"Pye Krumen"},
["pym"] = {"Fyam"},
["pyn"] = {"Poyanáwa"},
["pys"] = {"Paraguayan Sign Language", "Lengua de Señas del Paraguay"},
["pyu"] = {"Puyuma"},
["pyx"] = {"Pyu (Myanmar)"},
["pyy"] = {"Pyen"},
["pze"] = {"Pesse"},
["pzh"] = {"Pazeh"},
["pzn"] = {"Jejara Naga", "Para Naga"},
["qua"] = {"Quapaw"},
["qub"] = {"Huallaga Huánuco Quechua"},
["quc"] = {"K'iche'", "Quiché"},
["qud"] = {"Calderón Highland Quichua"},
["quf"] = {"Lambayeque Quechua"},
["qug"] = {"Chimborazo Highland Quichua"},
["quh"] = {"South Bolivian Quechua"},
["qui"] = {"Quileute"},
["quk"] = {"Chachapoyas Quechua"},
["qul"] = {"North Bolivian Quechua"},
["qum"] = {"Sipacapense"},
["qun"] = {"Quinault"},
["qup"] = {"Southern Pastaza Quechua"},
["quq"] = {"Quinqui"},
["qur"] = {"Yanahuanca Pasco Quechua"},
["qus"] = {"Santiago del Estero Quichua"},
["quv"] = {"Sacapulteco"},
["quw"] = {"Tena Lowland Quichua"},
["qux"] = {"Yauyos Quechua"},
["quy"] = {"Ayacucho Quechua"},
["quz"] = {"Cusco Quechua"},
["qva"] = {"Ambo-Pasco Quechua"},
["qvc"] = {"Cajamarca Quechua"},
["qve"] = {"Eastern Apurímac Quechua"},
["qvh"] = {"Huamalíes-Dos de Mayo Huánuco Quechua"},
["qvi"] = {"Imbabura Highland Quichua"},
["qvj"] = {"Loja Highland Quichua"},
["qvl"] = {"Cajatambo North Lima Quechua"},
["qvm"] = {"Margos-Yarowilca-Lauricocha Quechua"},
["qvn"] = {"North Junín Quechua"},
["qvo"] = {"Napo Lowland Quechua"},
["qvp"] = {"Pacaraos Quechua"},
["qvs"] = {"San Martín Quechua"},
["qvw"] = {"Huaylla Wanca Quechua"},
["qvy"] = {"Queyu"},
["qvz"] = {"Northern Pastaza Quichua"},
["qwa"] = {"Corongo Ancash Quechua"},
["qwc"] = {"Classical Quechua"},
["qwe"] = {"Quechuan (family)"},
["qwh"] = {"Huaylas Ancash Quechua"},
["qwm"] = {"Kuman (Russia)"},
["qws"] = {"Sihuas Ancash Quechua"},
["qwt"] = {"Kwalhioqua-Tlatskanai"},
["qxa"] = {"Chiquián Ancash Quechua"},
["qxc"] = {"Chincha Quechua"},
["qxh"] = {"Panao Huánuco Quechua"},
["qxl"] = {"Salasaca Highland Quichua"},
["qxn"] = {"Northern Conchucos Ancash Quechua"},
["qxo"] = {"Southern Conchucos Ancash Quechua"},
["qxp"] = {"Puno Quechua"},
["qxq"] = {"Qashqa'i"},
["qxr"] = {"Cañar Highland Quichua"},
["qxs"] = {"Southern Qiang"},
["qxt"] = {"Santa Ana de Tusi Pasco Quechua"},
["qxu"] = {"Arequipa-La Unión Quechua"},
["qxw"] = {"Jauja Wanca Quechua"},
["qya"] = {"Quenya"},
["qyp"] = {"Quiripi"},
["raa"] = {"Dungmali"},
["rab"] = {"Camling"},
["rac"] = {"Rasawa"},
["rad"] = {"Rade"},
["raf"] = {"Western Meohang"},
["rag"] = {"Logooli", "Lulogooli"},
["rah"] = {"Rabha"},
["rai"] = {"Ramoaaina"},
["raj"] = {"Rajasthani"},
["rak"] = {"Tulu-Bohuai"},
["ral"] = {"Ralte"},
["ram"] = {"Canela"},
["ran"] = {"Riantana"},
["rao"] = {"Rao"},
["rap"] = {"Rapanui"},
["raq"] = {"Saam"},
["rar"] = {"Rarotongan", "Cook Islands Maori"},
["ras"] = {"Tegali"},
["rat"] = {"Razajerdi"},
["rau"] = {"Raute"},
["rav"] = {"Sampang"},
["raw"] = {"Rawang"},
["rax"] = {"Rang"},
["ray"] = {"Rapa"},
["raz"] = {"Rahambuu"},
["rbb"] = {"Rumai Palaung"},
["rbk"] = {"Northern Bontok"},
["rbl"] = {"Miraya Bikol"},
["rbp"] = {"Barababaraba"},
["rcf"] = {"Réunion Creole French"},
["rdb"] = {"Rudbari"},
["rea"] = {"Rerau"},
["reb"] = {"Rembong"},
["ree"] = {"Rejang Kayan"},
["reg"] = {"Kara (Tanzania)"},
["rei"] = {"Reli"},
["rej"] = {"Rejang"},
["rel"] = {"Rendille"},
["rem"] = {"Remo"},
["ren"] = {"Rengao"},
["rer"] = {"Rer Bare"},
["res"] = {"Reshe"},
["ret"] = {"Retta"},
["rey"] = {"Reyesano"},
["rga"] = {"Roria"},
["rge"] = {"Romano-Greek"},
["rgk"] = {"Rangkas"},
["rgn"] = {"Romagnol"},
["rgr"] = {"Resígaro"},
["rgs"] = {"Southern Roglai"},
["rgu"] = {"Ringgou"},
["rhg"] = {"Rohingya"},
["rhp"] = {"Yahang"},
["ria"] = {"Riang (India)"},
["rib"] = {"Bribri Sign Language"},
["rif"] = {"Tarifit"},
["ril"] = {"Riang Lang", "Riang (Myanmar)"},
["rim"] = {"Nyaturu"},
["rin"] = {"Nungu"},
["rir"] = {"Ribun"},
["rit"] = {"Ritharrngu"},
["riu"] = {"Riung"},
["rjg"] = {"Rajong"},
["rji"] = {"Raji"},
["rjs"] = {"Rajbanshi"},
["rka"] = {"Kraol"},
["rkb"] = {"Rikbaktsa"},
["rkh"] = {"Rakahanga-Manihiki"},
["rki"] = {"Rakhine"},
["rkm"] = {"Marka"},
["rkt"] = {"Rangpuri", "Kamta"},
["rkw"] = {"Arakwal"},
["rma"] = {"Rama"},
["rmb"] = {"Rembarrnga"},
["rmc"] = {"Carpathian Romani"},
["rmd"] = {"Traveller Danish"},
["rme"] = {"Angloromani"},
["rmf"] = {"Kalo Finnish Romani"},
["rmg"] = {"Traveller Norwegian"},
["rmh"] = {"Murkim"},
["rmi"] = {"Lomavren"},
["rmk"] = {"Romkun"},
["rml"] = {"Baltic Romani"},
["rmm"] = {"Roma"},
["rmn"] = {"Balkan Romani"},
["rmo"] = {"Sinte Romani"},
["rmp"] = {"Rempi"},
["rmq"] = {"Caló"},
["rms"] = {"Romanian Sign Language"},
["rmt"] = {"Domari"},
["rmu"] = {"Tavringer Romani"},
["rmv"] = {"Romanova"},
["rmw"] = {"Welsh Romani"},
["rmx"] = {"Romam"},
["rmy"] = {"Vlax Romani"},
["rmz"] = {"Marma"},
["rnb"] = {"Brunca Sign Language"},
["rnd"] = {"Ruund"},
["rng"] = {"Ronga"},
["rnl"] = {"Ranglong"},
["rnn"] = {"Roon"},
["rnp"] = {"Rongpo"},
["rnr"] = {"Nari Nari"},
["rnw"] = {"Rungwa"},
["roa"] = {"Romance languages"},
["rob"] = {"Tae'"},
["roc"] = {"Cacgia Roglai"},
["rod"] = {"Rogo"},
["roe"] = {"Ronji"},
["rof"] = {"Rombo"},
["rog"] = {"Northern Roglai"},
["rol"] = {"Romblomanon"},
["rom"] = {"Romany"},
["roo"] = {"Rotokas"},
["rop"] = {"Kriol"},
["ror"] = {"Rongga"},
["rou"] = {"Runga"},
["row"] = {"Dela-Oenale"},
["rpn"] = {"Repanbitip"},
["rpt"] = {"Rapting"},
["rri"] = {"Ririo"},
["rrm"] = {"Moriori"},
["rro"] = {"Waima"},
["rrt"] = {"Arritinngithigh"},
["rsb"] = {"Romano-Serbian"},
["rsk"] = {"Ruthenian", "Rusnak"},
["rsl"] = {"Russian Sign Language"},
["rsm"] = {"Miriwoong Sign Language"},
["rsn"] = {"Rwandan Sign Language"},
["rsw"] = {"Rishiwa"},
["rtc"] = {"Rungtu Chin"},
["rth"] = {"Ratahan"},
["rtm"] = {"Rotuman"},
["rts"] = {"Yurats"},
["rtw"] = {"Rathawi"},
["rub"] = {"Gungu"},
["ruc"] = {"Ruuli"},
["rue"] = {"Rusyn"},
["ruf"] = {"Luguru"},
["rug"] = {"Roviana"},
["ruh"] = {"Ruga"},
["rui"] = {"Rufiji"},
["ruk"] = {"Che"},
["ruo"] = {"Istro Romanian"},
["rup"] = {"Macedo-Romanian", "Aromanian", "Arumanian"},
["ruq"] = {"Megleno Romanian"},
["rut"] = {"Rutul"},
["ruu"] = {"Lanas Lobu"},
["ruy"] = {"Mala (Nigeria)"},
["ruz"] = {"Ruma"},
["rwa"] = {"Rawo"},
["rwk"] = {"Rwa"},
["rwl"] = {"Ruwila"},
["rwm"] = {"Amba (Uganda)"},
["rwo"] = {"Rawa"},
["rwr"] = {"Marwari (India)"},
["rxd"] = {"Ngardi"},
["rxw"] = {"Karuwali", "Garuwali"},
["ryn"] = {"Northern Amami-Oshima"},
["rys"] = {"Yaeyama"},
["ryu"] = {"Central Okinawan"},
["rzh"] = {"Rāziḥī"},
["saa"] = {"Saba"},
["sab"] = {"Buglere"},
["sac"] = {"Meskwaki"},
["sad"] = {"Sandawe"},
["sae"] = {"Sabanê"},
["saf"] = {"Safaliba"},
["sah"] = {"Yakut"},
["sai"] = {"South American Indian languages"},
["saj"] = {"Sahu"},
["sak"] = {"Sake"},
["sal"] = {"Salishan languages"},
["sam"] = {"Samaritan Aramaic"},
["sao"] = {"Sause"},
["saq"] = {"Samburu"},
["sar"] = {"Saraveca"},
["sas"] = {"Sasak"},
["sat"] = {"Santali"},
["sau"] = {"Saleman"},
["sav"] = {"Saafi-Saafi"},
["saw"] = {"Sawi"},
["sax"] = {"Sa"},
["say"] = {"Saya"},
["saz"] = {"Saurashtra"},
["sba"] = {"Ngambay"},
["sbb"] = {"Simbo"},
["sbc"] = {"Kele (Papua New Guinea)"},
["sbd"] = {"Southern Samo"},
["sbe"] = {"Saliba"},
["sbf"] = {"Chabu", "Shabo"},
["sbg"] = {"Seget"},
["sbh"] = {"Sori-Harengan"},
["sbi"] = {"Seti"},
["sbj"] = {"Surbakhal"},
["sbk"] = {"Safwa"},
["sbl"] = {"Botolan Sambal"},
["sbm"] = {"Sagala"},
["sbn"] = {"Sindhi Bhil"},
["sbo"] = {"Sabüm"},
["sbp"] = {"Sangu (Tanzania)"},
["sbq"] = {"Sileibi"},
["sbr"] = {"Sembakung Murut"},
["sbs"] = {"Subiya"},
["sbt"] = {"Kimki"},
["sbu"] = {"Stod Bhoti"},
["sbv"] = {"Sabine"},
["sbw"] = {"Simba"},
["sbx"] = {"Seberuang"},
["sby"] = {"Soli"},
["sbz"] = {"Sara Kaba"},
["scb"] = {"Chut"},
["sce"] = {"Dongxiang"},
["scf"] = {"San Miguel Creole French"},
["scg"] = {"Sanggau"},
["sch"] = {"Sakachep"},
["sci"] = {"Sri Lankan Creole Malay"},
["sck"] = {"Sadri"},
["scl"] = {"Shina"},
["scn"] = {"Sicilian"},
["sco"] = {"Scots"},
["scp"] = {"Hyolmo", "Helambu Sherpa"},
["scq"] = {"Sa'och"},
["scs"] = {"North Slavey"},
["sct"] = {"Southern Katang"},
["scu"] = {"Shumcho"},
["scv"] = {"Sheni"},
["scw"] = {"Sha"},
["scx"] = {"Sicel"},
["scz"] = {"Shaetlan"},
["sda"] = {"Toraja-Sa'dan"},
["sdb"] = {"Shabak"},
["sdc"] = {"Sassarese Sardinian"},
["sde"] = {"Surubu"},
["sdf"] = {"Sarli"},
["sdg"] = {"Savi"},
["sdh"] = {"Southern Kurdish"},
["sdj"] = {"Suundi"},
["sdk"] = {"Sos Kundi"},
["sdl"] = {"Saudi Arabian Sign Language"},
["sdn"] = {"Gallurese Sardinian"},
["sdo"] = {"Bukar-Sadung Bidayuh"},
["sdp"] = {"Sherdukpen"},
["sdq"] = {"Semandang"},
["sdr"] = {"Oraon Sadri"},
["sds"] = {"Sened"},
["sdt"] = {"Shuadit"},
["sdu"] = {"Sarudu"},
["sdv"] = {"Eastern Sudanic languages"},
["sdx"] = {"Sibu Melanau"},
["sdz"] = {"Sallands"},
["sea"] = {"Semai"},
["seb"] = {"Shempire Senoufo"},
["sec"] = {"Sechelt", "She shashishalhem"},
["sed"] = {"Sedang"},
["see"] = {"Seneca"},
["sef"] = {"Cebaara Senoufo"},
["seg"] = {"Segeju"},
["seh"] = {"Sena"},
["sei"] = {"Seri"},
["sej"] = {"Sene"},
["sek"] = {"Sekani"},
["sel"] = {"Selkup"},
["sem"] = {"Semitic languages"},
["sen"] = {"Nanerigé Sénoufo"},
["seo"] = {"Suarmin"},
["sep"] = {"Sìcìté Sénoufo"},
["seq"] = {"Senara Sénoufo"},
["ser"] = {"Serrano"},
["ses"] = {"Koyraboro Senni Songhai"},
["set"] = {"Sentani"},
["seu"] = {"Serui-Laut"},
["sev"] = {"Nyarafolo Senoufo"},
["sew"] = {"Sewa Bay"},
["sey"] = {"Secoya"},
["sez"] = {"Senthang Chin"},
["sfb"] = {"Langue des signes de Belgique Francophone", "French Belgian Sign Language"},
["sfe"] = {"Eastern Subanen"},
["sfm"] = {"Small Flowery Miao"},
["sfs"] = {"South African Sign Language"},
["sfw"] = {"Sehwi"},
["sga"] = {"Old Irish (to 900)"},
["sgb"] = {"Mag-antsi Ayta"},
["sgc"] = {"Kipsigis"},
["sgd"] = {"Surigaonon"},
["sge"] = {"Segai"},
["sgg"] = {"Swiss-German Sign Language"},
["sgh"] = {"Shughni"},
["sgi"] = {"Suga"},
["sgj"] = {"Surgujia"},
["sgk"] = {"Sangkong"},
["sgm"] = {"Singa"},
["sgn"] = {"Sign languages"},
["sgp"] = {"Singpho"},
["sgr"] = {"Sangisari"},
["sgs"] = {"Samogitian"},
["sgt"] = {"Brokpake"},
["sgu"] = {"Salas"},
["sgw"] = {"Sebat Bet Gurage"},
["sgx"] = {"Sierra Leone Sign Language"},
["sgy"] = {"Sanglechi"},
["sgz"] = {"Sursurunga"},
["sha"] = {"Shall-Zwall"},
["shb"] = {"Ninam"},
["shc"] = {"Sonde"},
["shd"] = {"Kundal Shahi"},
["she"] = {"Sheko"},
["shg"] = {"Shua"},
["shh"] = {"Shoshoni"},
["shi"] = {"Tachelhit"},
["shj"] = {"Shatt"},
["shk"] = {"Shilluk"},
["shl"] = {"Shendu"},
["shm"] = {"Shahrudi"},
["shn"] = {"Shan"},
["sho"] = {"Shanga"},
["shp"] = {"Shipibo-Conibo"},
["shq"] = {"Sala"},
["shr"] = {"Shi"},
["shs"] = {"Shuswap", "Secwepemctsín"},
["sht"] = {"Shasta"},
["shu"] = {"Chadian Arabic"},
["shv"] = {"Shehri"},
["shw"] = {"Shwai"},
["shx"] = {"She"},
["shy"] = {"Tachawit"},
["shz"] = {"Syenara Senoufo"},
["sia"] = {"Akkala Sami"},
["sib"] = {"Sebop"},
["sid"] = {"Sidamo"},
["sie"] = {"Simaa"},
["sif"] = {"Siamou"},
["sig"] = {"Paasaal"},
["sih"] = {"Zire", "Sîshëë"},
["sii"] = {"Shom Peng"},
["sij"] = {"Numbami"},
["sik"] = {"Sikiana"},
["sil"] = {"Tumulung Sisaala"},
["sim"] = {"Mende (Papua New Guinea)"},
["sio"] = {"Siouan languages"},
["sip"] = {"Sikkimese"},
["siq"] = {"Sonia"},
["sir"] = {"Siri"},
["sis"] = {"Siuslaw"},
["sit"] = {"Sino-Tibetan languages"},
["siu"] = {"Sinagen"},
["siv"] = {"Sumariup"},
["siw"] = {"Siwai"},
["six"] = {"Sumau"},
["siy"] = {"Sivandi"},
["siz"] = {"Siwi"},
["sja"] = {"Epena"},
["sjb"] = {"Sajau Basap"},
["sjc"] = {"Shaojiang Chinese"},
["sjd"] = {"Kildin Sami"},
["sje"] = {"Pite Sami"},
["sjg"] = {"Assangori"},
["sjk"] = {"Kemi Sami"},
["sjl"] = {"Sajalong", "Miji"},
["sjm"] = {"Mapun"},
["sjn"] = {"Sindarin"},
["sjo"] = {"Xibe"},
["sjp"] = {"Surjapuri"},
["sjr"] = {"Siar-Lak"},
["sjs"] = {"Senhaja De Srair"},
["sjt"] = {"Ter Sami"},
["sju"] = {"Ume Sami"},
["sjw"] = {"Shawnee"},
["ska"] = {"Skagit"},
["skb"] = {"Saek"},
["skc"] = {"Ma Manda"},
["skd"] = {"Southern Sierra Miwok"},
["ske"] = {"Seke (Vanuatu)"},
["skf"] = {"Sakirabiá"},
["skg"] = {"Sakalava Malagasy"},
["skh"] = {"Sikule"},
["ski"] = {"Sika"},
["skj"] = {"Seke (Nepal)"},
["skm"] = {"Kutong"},
["skn"] = {"Kolibugan Subanon"},
["sko"] = {"Seko Tengah"},
["skp"] = {"Sekapan"},
["skq"] = {"Sininkere"},
["skr"] = {"Saraiki", "Seraiki"},
["sks"] = {"Maia"},
["skt"] = {"Sakata"},
["sku"] = {"Sakao"},
["skv"] = {"Skou"},
["skw"] = {"Skepi Creole Dutch"},
["skx"] = {"Seko Padang"},
["sky"] = {"Sikaiana"},
["skz"] = {"Sekar"},
["sla"] = {"Slavic languages"},
["slc"] = {"Sáliba"},
["sld"] = {"Sissala"},
["sle"] = {"Sholaga"},
["slf"] = {"Swiss-Italian Sign Language"},
["slg"] = {"Selungai Murut"},
["slh"] = {"Southern Puget Sound Salish"},
["sli"] = {"Lower Silesian"},
["slj"] = {"Salumá"},
["sll"] = {"Salt-Yui"},
["slm"] = {"Pangutaran Sama"},
["sln"] = {"Salinan"},
["slp"] = {"Lamaholot"},
["slr"] = {"Salar"},
["sls"] = {"Singapore Sign Language"},
["slt"] = {"Sila"},
["slu"] = {"Selaru"},
["slw"] = {"Sialum"},
["slx"] = {"Salampasu"},
["sly"] = {"Selayar"},
["slz"] = {"Ma'ya"},
["sma"] = {"Southern Sami"},
["smb"] = {"Simbari"},
["smc"] = {"Som"},
["smf"] = {"Auwe"},
["smg"] = {"Simbali"},
["smh"] = {"Samei"},
["smi"] = {"Sami languages"},
["smj"] = {"Lule Sami"},
["smk"] = {"Bolinao"},
["sml"] = {"Central Sama"},
["smm"] = {"Musasa"},
["smn"] = {"Inari Sami"},
["smp"] = {"Samaritan"},
["smq"] = {"Samo"},
["smr"] = {"Simeulue"},
["sms"] = {"Skolt Sami"},
["smt"] = {"Simte"},
["smu"] = {"Somray"},
["smv"] = {"Samvedi"},
["smw"] = {"Sumbawa"},
["smx"] = {"Samba"},
["smy"] = {"Semnani"},
["smz"] = {"Simeku"},
["snc"] = {"Sinaugoro"},
["sne"] = {"Bau Bidayuh"},
["snf"] = {"Noon"},
["sng"] = {"Sanga (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["sni"] = {"Sensi"},
["snj"] = {"Riverain Sango"},
["snk"] = {"Soninke"},
["snl"] = {"Sangil"},
["snm"] = {"Southern Ma'di"},
["snn"] = {"Siona"},
["sno"] = {"Snohomish"},
["snp"] = {"Siane"},
["snq"] = {"Sangu (Gabon)"},
["snr"] = {"Sihan"},
["sns"] = {"South West Bay", "Nahavaq"},
["snu"] = {"Senggi", "Viid"},
["snv"] = {"Sa'ban"},
["snw"] = {"Selee"},
["snx"] = {"Sam"},
["sny"] = {"Saniyo-Hiyewe"},
["snz"] = {"Kou"},
["soa"] = {"Thai Song"},
["sob"] = {"Sobei"},
["soc"] = {"So (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["sod"] = {"Songoora"},
["soe"] = {"Songomeno"},
["sog"] = {"Sogdian"},
["soh"] = {"Aka"},
["soi"] = {"Sonha"},
["soj"] = {"Soi"},
["sok"] = {"Sokoro"},
["sol"] = {"Solos"},
["son"] = {"Songhai languages"},
["soo"] = {"Songo"},
["sop"] = {"Songe"},
["soq"] = {"Kanasi"},
["sor"] = {"Somrai"},
["sos"] = {"Seeku"},
["sou"] = {"Southern Thai"},
["sov"] = {"Sonsorol"},
["sow"] = {"Sowanda"},
["sox"] = {"Swo"},
["soy"] = {"Miyobe"},
["soz"] = {"Temi"},
["spb"] = {"Sepa (Indonesia)"},
["spc"] = {"Sapé"},
["spd"] = {"Saep"},
["spe"] = {"Sepa (Papua New Guinea)"},
["spg"] = {"Sian"},
["spi"] = {"Saponi"},
["spk"] = {"Sengo"},
["spl"] = {"Selepet"},
["spm"] = {"Akukem"},
["spn"] = {"Sanapaná"},
["spo"] = {"Spokane"},
["spp"] = {"Supyire Senoufo"},
["spq"] = {"Loreto-Ucayali Spanish"},
["spr"] = {"Saparua"},
["sps"] = {"Saposa"},
["spt"] = {"Spiti Bhoti"},
["spu"] = {"Sapuan"},
["spv"] = {"Sambalpuri", "Kosli"},
["spx"] = {"South Picene"},
["spy"] = {"Sabaot"},
["sqa"] = {"Shama-Sambuga"},
["sqh"] = {"Shau"},
["sqj"] = {"Albanian languages"},
["sqk"] = {"Albanian Sign Language"},
["sqm"] = {"Suma"},
["sqn"] = {"Susquehannock"},
["sqo"] = {"Sorkhei"},
["sqq"] = {"Sou"},
["sqr"] = {"Siculo Arabic"},
["sqs"] = {"Sri Lankan Sign Language"},
["sqt"] = {"Soqotri"},
["squ"] = {"Squamish", "Sḵwx̱wú7mesh sníchim"},
["sqx"] = {"Kufr Qassem Sign Language (KQSL)"},
["sra"] = {"Saruga"},
["srb"] = {"Sora"},
["src"] = {"Logudorese Sardinian"},
["sre"] = {"Sara"},
["srf"] = {"Nafi"},
["srg"] = {"Sulod"},
["srh"] = {"Sarikoli"},
["sri"] = {"Siriano"},
["srk"] = {"Serudung Murut"},
["srl"] = {"Isirawa"},
["srm"] = {"Saramaccan"},
["srn"] = {"Sranan Tongo"},
["sro"] = {"Campidanese Sardinian"},
["srq"] = {"Sirionó"},
["srr"] = {"Serer"},
["srs"] = {"Tsuut'ina", "Sarsi"},
["srt"] = {"Sauri"},
["sru"] = {"Suruí"},
["srv"] = {"Southern Sorsoganon"},
["srw"] = {"Serua"},
["srx"] = {"Sirmauri"},
["sry"] = {"Sera"},
["srz"] = {"Shahmirzadi"},
["ssa"] = {"Nilo-Saharan languages"},
["ssb"] = {"Southern Sama"},
["ssc"] = {"Suba-Simbiti"},
["ssd"] = {"Siroi"},
["sse"] = {"Balangingi", "Bangingih Sama"},
["ssf"] = {"Thao"},
["ssg"] = {"Seimat"},
["ssh"] = {"Shihhi Arabic"},
["ssi"] = {"Sansi"},
["ssj"] = {"Sausi"},
["ssk"] = {"Sunam"},
["ssl"] = {"Western Sisaala"},
["ssm"] = {"Semnam"},
["ssn"] = {"Waata"},
["sso"] = {"Sissano"},
["ssp"] = {"Spanish Sign Language"},
["ssq"] = {"So'a"},
["ssr"] = {"Swiss-French Sign Language"},
["sss"] = {"Sô"},
["sst"] = {"Sinasina"},
["ssu"] = {"Susuami"},
["ssv"] = {"Shark Bay"},
["ssx"] = {"Samberigi"},
["ssy"] = {"Saho"},
["ssz"] = {"Sengseng"},
["sta"] = {"Settla"},
["stb"] = {"Northern Subanen"},
["std"] = {"Sentinel"},
["ste"] = {"Liana-Seti"},
["stf"] = {"Seta"},
["stg"] = {"Trieng"},
["sth"] = {"Shelta"},
["sti"] = {"Bulo Stieng"},
["stj"] = {"Matya Samo"},
["stk"] = {"Arammba"},
["stl"] = {"Stellingwerfs"},
["stm"] = {"Setaman"},
["stn"] = {"Owa"},
["sto"] = {"Stoney"},
["stp"] = {"Southeastern Tepehuan"},
["stq"] = {"Saterfriesisch"},
["str"] = {"Straits Salish"},
["sts"] = {"Shumashti"},
["stt"] = {"Budeh Stieng"},
["stu"] = {"Samtao"},
["stv"] = {"Silt'e"},
["stw"] = {"Satawalese"},
["sty"] = {"Siberian Tatar"},
["sua"] = {"Sulka"},
["sub"] = {"Suku"},
["suc"] = {"Western Subanon"},
["sue"] = {"Suena"},
["sug"] = {"Suganga"},
["sui"] = {"Suki"},
["suj"] = {"Shubi"},
["suk"] = {"Sukuma"},
["suo"] = {"Bouni"},
["suq"] = {"Tirmaga-Chai Suri", "Suri"},
["sur"] = {"Mwaghavul"},
["sus"] = {"Susu"},
["sut"] = {"Subtiaba"},
["suv"] = {"Puroik"},
["suw"] = {"Sumbwa"},
["sux"] = {"Sumerian"},
["suy"] = {"Suyá"},
["suz"] = {"Sunwar"},
["sva"] = {"Svan"},
["svb"] = {"Ulau-Suain"},
["svc"] = {"Vincentian Creole English"},
["sve"] = {"Serili"},
["svk"] = {"Slovakian Sign Language"},
["svm"] = {"Slavomolisano"},
["svs"] = {"Savosavo"},
["svx"] = {"Skalvian"},
["swb"] = {"Maore Comorian"},
["swc"] = {"Congo Swahili"},
["swf"] = {"Sere"},
["swg"] = {"Swabian"},
["swh"] = {"Swahili (individual language)", "Kiswahili"},
["swi"] = {"Sui"},
["swj"] = {"Sira"},
["swk"] = {"Malawi Sena"},
["swl"] = {"Swedish Sign Language"},
["swm"] = {"Samosa"},
["swn"] = {"Sawknah"},
["swo"] = {"Shanenawa"},
["swp"] = {"Suau"},
["swq"] = {"Sharwa"},
["swr"] = {"Saweru"},
["sws"] = {"Seluwasan"},
["swt"] = {"Sawila"},
["swu"] = {"Suwawa"},
["swv"] = {"Shekhawati"},
["sww"] = {"Sowa"},
["swx"] = {"Suruahá"},
["swy"] = {"Sarua"},
["sxb"] = {"Suba"},
["sxc"] = {"Sicanian"},
["sxe"] = {"Sighu"},
["sxg"] = {"Shuhi", "Shixing"},
["sxk"] = {"Southern Kalapuya"},
["sxl"] = {"Selian"},
["sxm"] = {"Samre"},
["sxn"] = {"Sangir"},
["sxo"] = {"Sorothaptic"},
["sxr"] = {"Saaroa"},
["sxs"] = {"Sasaru"},
["sxu"] = {"Upper Saxon"},
["sxw"] = {"Saxwe Gbe"},
["sya"] = {"Siang"},
["syb"] = {"Central Subanen"},
["syc"] = {"Classical Syriac"},
["syd"] = {"Samoyedic languages"},
["syi"] = {"Seki"},
["syk"] = {"Sukur"},
["syl"] = {"Sylheti"},
["sym"] = {"Maya Samo"},
["syn"] = {"Senaya"},
["syo"] = {"Suoy"},
["syr"] = {"Syriac"},
["sys"] = {"Sinyar"},
["syw"] = {"Kagate"},
["syx"] = {"Samay"},
["syy"] = {"Al-Sayyid Bedouin Sign Language"},
["sza"] = {"Semelai"},
["szb"] = {"Ngalum"},
["szc"] = {"Semaq Beri"},
["sze"] = {"Seze"},
["szg"] = {"Sengele"},
["szl"] = {"Silesian"},
["szn"] = {"Sula"},
["szp"] = {"Suabo"},
["szs"] = {"Solomon Islands Sign Language"},
["szv"] = {"Isubu", "Isu (Fako Division)"},
["szw"] = {"Sawai"},
["szy"] = {"Sakizaya"},
["taa"] = {"Lower Tanana"},
["tab"] = {"Tabassaran"},
["tac"] = {"Lowland Tarahumara"},
["tad"] = {"Tause"},
["tae"] = {"Tariana"},
["taf"] = {"Tapirapé"},
["tag"] = {"Tagoi"},
["tai"] = {"Tai languages"},
["taj"] = {"Eastern Tamang"},
["tak"] = {"Tala"},
["tal"] = {"Tal"},
["tan"] = {"Tangale"},
["tao"] = {"Yami"},
["tap"] = {"Taabwa"},
["taq"] = {"Tamasheq"},
["tar"] = {"Central Tarahumara"},
["tas"] = {"Tay Boi"},
["tau"] = {"Upper Tanana"},
["tav"] = {"Tatuyo"},
["taw"] = {"Tai"},
["tax"] = {"Tamki"},
["tay"] = {"Atayal"},
["taz"] = {"Tocho"},
["tba"] = {"Aikanã"},
["tbc"] = {"Takia"},
["tbd"] = {"Kaki Ae"},
["tbe"] = {"Tanimbili"},
["tbf"] = {"Mandara"},
["tbg"] = {"North Tairora"},
["tbh"] = {"Dharawal", "Thurawal"},
["tbi"] = {"Gaam"},
["tbj"] = {"Tiang"},
["tbk"] = {"Calamian Tagbanwa"},
["tbl"] = {"Tboli"},
["tbm"] = {"Tagbu"},
["tbn"] = {"Barro Negro Tunebo"},
["tbo"] = {"Tawala"},
["tbp"] = {"Taworta", "Diebroud"},
["tbq"] = {"Tibeto-Burman languages"},
["tbr"] = {"Tumtum"},
["tbs"] = {"Tanguat"},
["tbt"] = {"Tembo (Kitembo)"},
["tbu"] = {"Tubar"},
["tbv"] = {"Tobo"},
["tbw"] = {"Tagbanwa"},
["tbx"] = {"Kapin"},
["tby"] = {"Tabaru"},
["tbz"] = {"Ditammari"},
["tca"] = {"Ticuna"},
["tcb"] = {"Tanacross"},
["tcc"] = {"Datooga"},
["tcd"] = {"Tafi"},
["tce"] = {"Southern Tutchone"},
["tcf"] = {"Malinaltepec Me'phaa", "Malinaltepec Tlapanec"},
["tcg"] = {"Tamagario"},
["tch"] = {"Turks And Caicos Creole English"},
["tci"] = {"Wára"},
["tck"] = {"Tchitchege"},
["tcl"] = {"Taman (Myanmar)"},
["tcm"] = {"Tanahmerah"},
["tcn"] = {"Tichurong"},
["tco"] = {"Taungyo"},
["tcp"] = {"Tawr Chin"},
["tcq"] = {"Kaiy"},
["tcs"] = {"Torres Strait Creole", "Yumplatok"},
["tct"] = {"T'en"},
["tcu"] = {"Southeastern Tarahumara"},
["tcw"] = {"Tecpatlán Totonac"},
["tcx"] = {"Toda"},
["tcy"] = {"Tulu"},
["tcz"] = {"Thado Chin"},
["tda"] = {"Tagdal"},
["tdb"] = {"Panchpargania"},
["tdc"] = {"Emberá-Tadó"},
["tdd"] = {"Tai Nüa"},
["tde"] = {"Tiranige Diga Dogon"},
["tdf"] = {"Talieng"},
["tdg"] = {"Western Tamang"},
["tdh"] = {"Thulung"},
["tdi"] = {"Tomadino"},
["tdj"] = {"Tajio"},
["tdk"] = {"Tambas"},
["tdl"] = {"Sur"},
["tdm"] = {"Taruma"},
["tdn"] = {"Tondano"},
["tdo"] = {"Teme"},
["tdq"] = {"Tita"},
["tdr"] = {"Todrah"},
["tds"] = {"Doutai"},
["tdt"] = {"Tetun Dili"},
["tdv"] = {"Toro"},
["tdx"] = {"Tandroy-Mahafaly Malagasy"},
["tdy"] = {"Tadyawan"},
["tea"] = {"Temiar"},
["teb"] = {"Tetete"},
["tec"] = {"Terik"},
["ted"] = {"Tepo Krumen"},
["tee"] = {"Huehuetla Tepehua"},
["tef"] = {"Teressa"},
["teg"] = {"Teke-Tege"},
["teh"] = {"Tehuelche"},
["tei"] = {"Torricelli"},
["tek"] = {"Ibali Teke"},
["tem"] = {"Timne"},
["ten"] = {"Tama (Colombia)"},
["teo"] = {"Teso"},
["tep"] = {"Tepecano"},
["teq"] = {"Temein"},
["ter"] = {"Tereno"},
["tes"] = {"Tengger"},
["tet"] = {"Tetum"},
["teu"] = {"Soo"},
["tev"] = {"Teor"},
["tew"] = {"Tewa (USA)"},
["tex"] = {"Tennet"},
["tey"] = {"Tulishi"},
["tez"] = {"Tetserret"},
["tfi"] = {"Tofin Gbe"},
["tfn"] = {"Tanaina"},
["tfo"] = {"Tefaro"},
["tfr"] = {"Teribe"},
["tft"] = {"Ternate"},
["tga"] = {"Sagalla"},
["tgb"] = {"Tobilung"},
["tgc"] = {"Tigak"},
["tgd"] = {"Ciwogai"},
["tge"] = {"Eastern Gorkha Tamang"},
["tgf"] = {"Chalikha"},
["tgh"] = {"Tobagonian Creole English"},
["tgi"] = {"Lawunuia"},
["tgj"] = {"Tagin"},
["tgn"] = {"Tandaganon"},
["tgo"] = {"Sudest"},
["tgp"] = {"Tangoa"},
["tgq"] = {"Tring"},
["tgr"] = {"Tareng"},
["tgs"] = {"Nume"},
["tgt"] = {"Central Tagbanwa"},
["tgu"] = {"Tanggu"},
["tgv"] = {"Tingui-Boto"},
["tgw"] = {"Tagwana Senoufo"},
["tgx"] = {"Tagish"},
["tgy"] = {"Togoyo"},
["tgz"] = {"Tagalaka"},
["thd"] = {"Kuuk Thaayorre", "Thayore"},
["the"] = {"Chitwania Tharu"},
["thf"] = {"Thangmi"},
["thh"] = {"Northern Tarahumara"},
["thi"] = {"Tai Long"},
["thk"] = {"Tharaka", "Kitharaka"},
["thl"] = {"Dangaura Tharu"},
["thm"] = {"Aheu"},
["thn"] = {"Thachanadan"},
["thp"] = {"Thompson", "Nłeʔkepmxcín", "Thompson River Salish"},
["thq"] = {"Kochila Tharu"},
["thr"] = {"Rana Tharu"},
["ths"] = {"Thakali"},
["tht"] = {"Tahltan", "Tāłtān"},
["thu"] = {"Thuri"},
["thv"] = {"Tahaggart Tamahaq"},
["thy"] = {"Tha"},
["thz"] = {"Tayart Tamajeq"},
["tia"] = {"Tidikelt Tamazight"},
["tic"] = {"Tira"},
["tif"] = {"Tifal"},
["tig"] = {"Tigre"},
["tih"] = {"Timugon Murut"},
["tii"] = {"Tiene"},
["tij"] = {"Tilung"},
["tik"] = {"Tikar"},
["til"] = {"Tillamook"},
["tim"] = {"Timbe"},
["tin"] = {"Tindi"},
["tio"] = {"Teop"},
["tip"] = {"Trimuris"},
["tiq"] = {"Tiéfo"},
["tis"] = {"Masadiit Itneg"},
["tit"] = {"Tinigua"},
["tiu"] = {"Adasen"},
["tiv"] = {"Tiv"},
["tiw"] = {"Tiwi"},
["tix"] = {"Southern Tiwa"},
["tiy"] = {"Tiruray"},
["tiz"] = {"Tai Hongjin"},
["tja"] = {"Tajuasohn"},
["tjg"] = {"Tunjung"},
["tji"] = {"Northern Tujia"},
["tjj"] = {"Tjungundji"},
["tjl"] = {"Tai Laing"},
["tjm"] = {"Timucua"},
["tjn"] = {"Tonjon"},
["tjo"] = {"Temacine Tamazight"},
["tjp"] = {"Tjupany"},
["tjs"] = {"Southern Tujia"},
["tju"] = {"Tjurruru"},
["tjw"] = {"Djabwurrung"},
["tka"] = {"Truká"},
["tkb"] = {"Buksa"},
["tkd"] = {"Tukudede"},
["tke"] = {"Takwane"},
["tkf"] = {"Tukumanféd"},
["tkg"] = {"Tesaka Malagasy"},
["tkl"] = {"Tokelau"},
["tkm"] = {"Takelma"},
["tkn"] = {"Toku-No-Shima"},
["tkp"] = {"Tikopia"},
["tkq"] = {"Tee"},
["tkr"] = {"Tsakhur"},
["tks"] = {"Takestani"},
["tkt"] = {"Kathoriya Tharu"},
["tku"] = {"Upper Necaxa Totonac"},
["tkv"] = {"Mur Pano"},
["tkw"] = {"Teanu"},
["tkx"] = {"Tangko"},
["tkz"] = {"Takua"},
["tla"] = {"Southwestern Tepehuan"},
["tlb"] = {"Tobelo"},
["tlc"] = {"Yecuatla Totonac"},
["tld"] = {"Talaud"},
["tlf"] = {"Telefol"},
["tlg"] = {"Tofanma"},
["tlh"] = {"Klingon", "tlhIngan Hol"},
["tli"] = {"Tlingit"},
["tlj"] = {"Talinga-Bwisi"},
["tlk"] = {"Taloki"},
["tll"] = {"Tetela"},
["tlm"] = {"Tolomako"},
["tln"] = {"Talondo'"},
["tlo"] = {"Talodi"},
["tlp"] = {"Filomena Mata-Coahuitlán Totonac"},
["tlq"] = {"Tai Loi"},
["tlr"] = {"Talise"},
["tls"] = {"Tambotalo"},
["tlt"] = {"Sou Nama", "Teluti"},
["tlu"] = {"Tulehu"},
["tlv"] = {"Taliabu"},
["tlx"] = {"Khehek"},
["tly"] = {"Talysh"},
["tma"] = {"Tama (Chad)"},
["tmb"] = {"Katbol", "Avava"},
["tmc"] = {"Tumak"},
["tmd"] = {"Haruai"},
["tme"] = {"Tremembé"},
["tmf"] = {"Toba-Maskoy"},
["tmg"] = {"Ternateño"},
["tmh"] = {"Tamashek"},
["tmi"] = {"Tutuba"},
["tmj"] = {"Samarokena"},
["tml"] = {"Tamnim Citak"},
["tmm"] = {"Tai Thanh"},
["tmn"] = {"Taman (Indonesia)"},
["tmo"] = {"Temoq"},
["tmq"] = {"Tumleo"},
["tmr"] = {"Jewish Babylonian Aramaic (ca. 200-1200 CE)"},
["tms"] = {"Tima"},
["tmt"] = {"Tasmate"},
["tmu"] = {"Iau"},
["tmv"] = {"Tembo (Motembo)"},
["tmw"] = {"Temuan"},
["tmy"] = {"Tami"},
["tmz"] = {"Tamanaku"},
["tna"] = {"Tacana"},
["tnb"] = {"Western Tunebo"},
["tnc"] = {"Tanimuca-Retuarã"},
["tnd"] = {"Angosturas Tunebo"},
["tng"] = {"Tobanga"},
["tnh"] = {"Maiani"},
["tni"] = {"Tandia"},
["tnk"] = {"Kwamera"},
["tnl"] = {"Lenakel"},
["tnm"] = {"Tabla"},
["tnn"] = {"North Tanna"},
["tno"] = {"Toromono"},
["tnp"] = {"Whitesands"},
["tnq"] = {"Taino"},
["tnr"] = {"Ménik"},
["tns"] = {"Tenis"},
["tnt"] = {"Tontemboan"},
["tnu"] = {"Tay Khang"},
["tnv"] = {"Tangchangya"},
["tnw"] = {"Tonsawang"},
["tnx"] = {"Tanema"},
["tny"] = {"Tongwe"},
["tnz"] = {"Ten'edn"},
["tob"] = {"Toba"},
["toc"] = {"Coyutla Totonac"},
["tod"] = {"Toma"},
["tof"] = {"Gizrra"},
["tog"] = {"Tonga (Nyasa)"},
["toh"] = {"Gitonga"},
["toi"] = {"Tonga (Zambia)"},
["toj"] = {"Tojolabal"},
["tok"] = {"Toki Pona"},
["tol"] = {"Tolowa"},
["tom"] = {"Tombulu"},
["too"] = {"Xicotepec De Juárez Totonac"},
["top"] = {"Papantla Totonac"},
["toq"] = {"Toposa"},
["tor"] = {"Togbo-Vara Banda"},
["tos"] = {"Highland Totonac"},
["tou"] = {"Tho"},
["tov"] = {"Upper Taromi"},
["tow"] = {"Jemez"},
["tox"] = {"Tobian"},
["toy"] = {"Topoiyo"},
["toz"] = {"To"},
["tpa"] = {"Taupota"},
["tpc"] = {"Azoyú Me'phaa", "Azoyú Tlapanec"},
["tpe"] = {"Tippera"},
["tpf"] = {"Tarpia"},
["tpg"] = {"Kula"},
["tpi"] = {"Tok Pisin"},
["tpj"] = {"Tapieté"},
["tpk"] = {"Tupinikin"},
["tpl"] = {"Tlacoapa Me'phaa", "Tlacoapa Tlapanec"},
["tpm"] = {"Tampulma"},
["tpn"] = {"Tupinambá"},
["tpo"] = {"Tai Pao"},
["tpp"] = {"Pisaflores Tepehua"},
["tpq"] = {"Tukpa"},
["tpr"] = {"Tuparí"},
["tpt"] = {"Tlachichilco Tepehua"},
["tpu"] = {"Tampuan"},
["tpv"] = {"Tanapag"},
["tpx"] = {"Acatepec Me'phaa", "Acatepec Tlapanec"},
["tpy"] = {"Trumai"},
["tpz"] = {"Tinputz"},
["tqb"] = {"Tembé"},
["tql"] = {"Lehali"},
["tqm"] = {"Turumsa"},
["tqn"] = {"Tenino"},
["tqo"] = {"Toaripi"},
["tqp"] = {"Tomoip"},
["tqq"] = {"Tunni"},
["tqr"] = {"Torona"},
["tqt"] = {"Western Totonac"},
["tqu"] = {"Touo"},
["tqw"] = {"Tonkawa"},
["tra"] = {"Tirahi"},
["trb"] = {"Terebu"},
["trc"] = {"Copala Triqui"},
["trd"] = {"Turi"},
["tre"] = {"East Tarangan"},
["trf"] = {"Trinidadian Creole English"},
["trg"] = {"Lishán Didán"},
["trh"] = {"Turaka"},
["tri"] = {"Trió"},
["trj"] = {"Toram"},
["trk"] = {"Turkic languages"},
["trl"] = {"Traveller Scottish"},
["trm"] = {"Tregami"},
["trn"] = {"Trinitario"},
["tro"] = {"Tarao Naga"},
["trp"] = {"Kok Borok"},
["trq"] = {"San Martín Itunyoso Triqui"},
["trr"] = {"Taushiro"},
["trs"] = {"Chicahuaxtla Triqui"},
["trt"] = {"Tunggare"},
["tru"] = {"Turoyo", "Surayt"},
["trv"] = {"Sediq", "Seediq", "Taroko"},
["trw"] = {"Torwali"},
["trx"] = {"Tringgus-Sembaan Bidayuh"},
["try"] = {"Turung"},
["trz"] = {"Torá"},
["tsa"] = {"Tsaangi"},
["tsb"] = {"Tsamai"},
["tsc"] = {"Tswa"},
["tsd"] = {"Tsakonian"},
["tse"] = {"Tunisian Sign Language"},
["tsg"] = {"Tausug"},
["tsh"] = {"Tsuvan"},
["tsi"] = {"Tsimshian"},
["tsj"] = {"Tshangla"},
["tsk"] = {"Tseku"},
["tsl"] = {"Ts'ün-Lao"},
["tsm"] = {"Turkish Sign Language", "Türk İşaret Dili"},
["tsp"] = {"Northern Toussian"},
["tsq"] = {"Thai Sign Language"},
["tsr"] = {"Akei"},
["tss"] = {"Taiwan Sign Language"},
["tst"] = {"Tondi Songway Kiini"},
["tsu"] = {"Tsou"},
["tsv"] = {"Tsogo"},
["tsw"] = {"Tsishingini"},
["tsx"] = {"Mubami"},
["tsy"] = {"Tebul Sign Language"},
["tsz"] = {"Purepecha"},
["tta"] = {"Tutelo"},
["ttb"] = {"Gaa"},
["ttc"] = {"Tektiteko"},
["ttd"] = {"Tauade"},
["tte"] = {"Bwanabwana"},
["ttf"] = {"Tuotomb"},
["ttg"] = {"Tutong"},
["tth"] = {"Upper Ta'oih"},
["tti"] = {"Tobati"},
["ttj"] = {"Tooro"},
["ttk"] = {"Totoro"},
["ttl"] = {"Totela"},
["ttm"] = {"Northern Tutchone"},
["ttn"] = {"Towei"},
["tto"] = {"Lower Ta'oih"},
["ttp"] = {"Tombelala"},
["ttq"] = {"Tawallammat Tamajaq"},
["ttr"] = {"Tera"},
["tts"] = {"Northeastern Thai"},
["ttt"] = {"Muslim Tat"},
["ttu"] = {"Torau"},
["ttv"] = {"Titan"},
["ttw"] = {"Long Wat"},
["tty"] = {"Sikaritai"},
["ttz"] = {"Tsum"},
["tua"] = {"Wiarumus"},
["tub"] = {"Tübatulabal"},
["tuc"] = {"Mutu"},
["tud"] = {"Tuxá"},
["tue"] = {"Tuyuca"},
["tuf"] = {"Central Tunebo"},
["tug"] = {"Tunia"},
["tuh"] = {"Taulil"},
["tui"] = {"Tupuri"},
["tuj"] = {"Tugutil"},
["tul"] = {"Tula"},
["tum"] = {"Tumbuka"},
["tun"] = {"Tunica"},
["tuo"] = {"Tucano"},
["tup"] = {"Tupi languages"},
["tuq"] = {"Tedaga"},
["tus"] = {"Tuscarora"},
["tut"] = {"Altaic languages"},
["tuu"] = {"Tututni"},
["tuv"] = {"Turkana"},
["tuw"] = {"Tungus languages"},
["tux"] = {"Tuxináwa"},
["tuy"] = {"Tugen"},
["tuz"] = {"Turka"},
["tva"] = {"Vaghua"},
["tvd"] = {"Tsuvadi"},
["tve"] = {"Te'un"},
["tvg"] = {"Tugunese", "Batavian Portuguese Creole", "Mardijker Creole"},
["tvi"] = {"Tulai"},
["tvk"] = {"Southeast Ambrym"},
["tvl"] = {"Tuvalu"},
["tvm"] = {"Tela-Masbuar"},
["tvn"] = {"Tavoyan"},
["tvo"] = {"Tidore"},
["tvs"] = {"Taveta"},
["tvt"] = {"Tutsa Naga"},
["tvu"] = {"Tunen"},
["tvw"] = {"Sedoa"},
["tvx"] = {"Taivoan"},
["tvy"] = {"Timor Pidgin"},
["twa"] = {"Twana"},
["twb"] = {"Western Tawbuid"},
["twc"] = {"Teshenawa"},
["twd"] = {"Twents"},
["twe"] = {"Tewa (Indonesia)"},
["twf"] = {"Northern Tiwa"},
["twg"] = {"Tereweng"},
["twh"] = {"Tai Dón"},
["twl"] = {"Tawara"},
["twm"] = {"Tawang Monpa"},
["twn"] = {"Twendi"},
["two"] = {"Tswapong"},
["twp"] = {"Ere"},
["twq"] = {"Tasawaq"},
["twr"] = {"Southwestern Tarahumara"},
["twt"] = {"Turiwára"},
["twu"] = {"Termanu"},
["tww"] = {"Tuwari"},
["twx"] = {"Tewe"},
["twy"] = {"Tawoyan"},
["txa"] = {"Tombonuo"},
["txb"] = {"Tokharian B"},
["txc"] = {"Tsetsaut"},
["txe"] = {"Totoli"},
["txg"] = {"Tangut"},
["txh"] = {"Thracian"},
["txi"] = {"Ikpeng"},
["txj"] = {"Tarjumo"},
["txm"] = {"Tomini"},
["txn"] = {"West Tarangan"},
["txo"] = {"Toto"},
["txq"] = {"Tii"},
["txr"] = {"Tartessian"},
["txs"] = {"Tonsea"},
["txt"] = {"Citak"},
["txu"] = {"Kayapó"},
["txx"] = {"Tatana"},
["txy"] = {"Tanosy Malagasy"},
["tya"] = {"Tauya"},
["tye"] = {"Kyanga"},
["tyh"] = {"O'du"},
["tyi"] = {"Teke-Tsaayi"},
["tyj"] = {"Tai Do", "Tai Yo"},
["tyl"] = {"Thu Lao"},
["tyn"] = {"Kombai"},
["typ"] = {"Thaypan"},
["tyr"] = {"Tai Daeng"},
["tys"] = {"Tày Sa Pa"},
["tyt"] = {"Tày Tac"},
["tyu"] = {"Kua"},
["tyv"] = {"Tuvinian"},
["tyx"] = {"Teke-Tyee"},
["tyy"] = {"Tiyaa"},
["tyz"] = {"Tày"},
["tza"] = {"Tanzanian Sign Language"},
["tzh"] = {"Tzeltal"},
["tzj"] = {"Tz'utujil"},
["tzl"] = {"Talossan"},
["tzm"] = {"Central Atlas Tamazight"},
["tzn"] = {"Tugun"},
["tzo"] = {"Tzotzil"},
["tzx"] = {"Tabriak"},
["uam"] = {"Uamué"},
["uan"] = {"Kuan"},
["uar"] = {"Tairuma"},
["uba"] = {"Ubang"},
["ubi"] = {"Ubi"},
["ubl"] = {"Buhi'non Bikol"},
["ubr"] = {"Ubir"},
["ubu"] = {"Umbu-Ungu"},
["uby"] = {"Ubykh"},
["uda"] = {"Uda"},
["ude"] = {"Udihe"},
["udg"] = {"Muduga"},
["udi"] = {"Udi"},
["udj"] = {"Ujir"},
["udl"] = {"Wuzlam"},
["udm"] = {"Udmurt"},
["udu"] = {"Uduk"},
["ues"] = {"Kioko"},
["ufi"] = {"Ufim"},
["uga"] = {"Ugaritic"},
["ugb"] = {"Kuku-Ugbanh"},
["uge"] = {"Ughele"},
["ugh"] = {"Kubachi"},
["ugn"] = {"Ugandan Sign Language"},
["ugo"] = {"Ugong"},
["ugy"] = {"Uruguayan Sign Language"},
["uha"] = {"Uhami"},
["uhn"] = {"Damal"},
["uis"] = {"Uisai"},
["uiv"] = {"Iyive"},
["uji"] = {"Tanjijili"},
["uka"] = {"Kaburi"},
["ukg"] = {"Ukuriguma"},
["ukh"] = {"Ukhwejo"},
["uki"] = {"Kui (India)"},
["ukk"] = {"Muak Sa-aak"},
["ukl"] = {"Ukrainian Sign Language"},
["ukp"] = {"Ukpe-Bayobiri"},
["ukq"] = {"Ukwa"},
["uks"] = {"Urubú-Kaapor Sign Language", "Kaapor Sign Language"},
["uku"] = {"Ukue"},
["ukv"] = {"Kuku"},
["ukw"] = {"Ukwuani-Aboh-Ndoni"},
["uky"] = {"Kuuk-Yak"},
["ula"] = {"Fungwa"},
["ulb"] = {"Ulukwumi"},
["ulc"] = {"Ulch"},
["ule"] = {"Lule"},
["ulf"] = {"Usku", "Afra"},
["uli"] = {"Ulithian"},
["ulk"] = {"Meriam Mir"},
["ull"] = {"Ullatan"},
["ulm"] = {"Ulumanda'"},
["uln"] = {"Unserdeutsch"},
["ulu"] = {"Uma' Lung"},
["ulw"] = {"Ulwa"},
["uly"] = {"Buli"},
["uma"] = {"Umatilla"},
["umb"] = {"Umbundu"},
["umc"] = {"Marrucinian"},
["umd"] = {"Umbindhamu"},
["umg"] = {"Morrobalama", "Umbuygamu"},
["umi"] = {"Ukit"},
["umm"] = {"Umon"},
["umn"] = {"Makyan Naga"},
["umo"] = {"Umotína"},
["ump"] = {"Umpila"},
["umr"] = {"Umbugarla"},
["ums"] = {"Pendau"},
["umu"] = {"Munsee"},
["una"] = {"North Watut"},
["und"] = {"Undetermined"},
["une"] = {"Uneme"},
["ung"] = {"Ngarinyin"},
["uni"] = {"Uni"},
["unk"] = {"Enawené-Nawé"},
["unm"] = {"Unami"},
["unn"] = {"Kurnai"},
["unr"] = {"Mundari"},
["unu"] = {"Unubahe"},
["unx"] = {"Munda"},
["unz"] = {"Unde Kaili"},
["uon"] = {"Kulon"},
["upi"] = {"Umeda"},
["upv"] = {"Uripiv-Wala-Rano-Atchin"},
["ura"] = {"Urarina"},
["urb"] = {"Urubú-Kaapor", "Kaapor"},
["urc"] = {"Urningangg"},
["ure"] = {"Uru"},
["urf"] = {"Uradhi"},
["urg"] = {"Urigina"},
["urh"] = {"Urhobo"},
["uri"] = {"Urim"},
["urj"] = {"Uralic languages"},
["urk"] = {"Urak Lawoi'"},
["url"] = {"Urali"},
["urm"] = {"Urapmin"},
["urn"] = {"Uruangnirin"},
["uro"] = {"Ura (Papua New Guinea)"},
["urp"] = {"Uru-Pa-In"},
["urr"] = {"Lehalurup", "Löyöp"},
["urt"] = {"Urat"},
["uru"] = {"Urumi"},
["urv"] = {"Uruava"},
["urw"] = {"Sop"},
["urx"] = {"Urimo"},
["ury"] = {"Orya"},
["urz"] = {"Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau"},
["usa"] = {"Usarufa"},
["ush"] = {"Ushojo"},
["usi"] = {"Usui"},
["usk"] = {"Usaghade"},
["usp"] = {"Uspanteco"},
["uss"] = {"us-Saare"},
["usu"] = {"Uya"},
["uta"] = {"Otank"},
["ute"] = {"Ute-Southern Paiute"},
["uth"] = {"ut-Hun"},
["utp"] = {"Amba (Solomon Islands)"},
["utr"] = {"Etulo"},
["utu"] = {"Utu"},
["uum"] = {"Urum"},
["uur"] = {"Ura (Vanuatu)"},
["uuu"] = {"U"},
["uve"] = {"West Uvean", "Fagauvea"},
["uvh"] = {"Uri"},
["uvl"] = {"Lote"},
["uwa"] = {"Kuku-Uwanh"},
["uya"] = {"Doko-Uyanga"},
["uzn"] = {"Northern Uzbek"},
["uzs"] = {"Southern Uzbek"},
["vaa"] = {"Vaagri Booli"},
["vae"] = {"Vale"},
["vaf"] = {"Vafsi"},
["vag"] = {"Vagla"},
["vah"] = {"Varhadi-Nagpuri"},
["vai"] = {"Vai"},
["vaj"] = {"Sekele", "Northwestern ǃKung", "Vasekele"},
["val"] = {"Vehes"},
["vam"] = {"Vanimo"},
["van"] = {"Valman"},
["vao"] = {"Vao"},
["vap"] = {"Vaiphei"},
["var"] = {"Huarijio"},
["vas"] = {"Vasavi"},
["vau"] = {"Vanuma"},
["vav"] = {"Varli"},
["vay"] = {"Wayu"},
["vbb"] = {"Southeast Babar"},
["vbk"] = {"Southwestern Bontok"},
["vec"] = {"Venetian"},
["ved"] = {"Veddah"},
["vel"] = {"Veluws"},
["vem"] = {"Vemgo-Mabas"},
["veo"] = {"Ventureño"},
["vep"] = {"Veps"},
["ver"] = {"Mom Jango"},
["vgr"] = {"Vaghri"},
["vgt"] = {"Vlaamse Gebarentaal", "Flemish Sign Language"},
["vic"] = {"Virgin Islands Creole English"},
["vid"] = {"Vidunda"},
["vif"] = {"Vili"},
["vig"] = {"Viemo"},
["vil"] = {"Vilela"},
["vin"] = {"Vinza"},
["vis"] = {"Vishavan"},
["vit"] = {"Viti"},
["viv"] = {"Iduna"},
["vjk"] = {"Bajjika"},
["vka"] = {"Kariyarra"},
["vkj"] = {"Kujarge"},
["vkk"] = {"Kaur"},
["vkl"] = {"Kulisusu"},
["vkm"] = {"Kamakan"},
["vkn"] = {"Koro Nulu"},
["vko"] = {"Kodeoha"},
["vkp"] = {"Korlai Creole Portuguese"},
["vkt"] = {"Tenggarong Kutai Malay"},
["vku"] = {"Kurrama"},
["vkz"] = {"Koro Zuba"},
["vlp"] = {"Valpei"},
["vls"] = {"Vlaams"},
["vma"] = {"Martuyhunira"},
["vmb"] = {"Barbaram"},
["vmc"] = {"Juxtlahuaca Mixtec"},
["vmd"] = {"Mudu Koraga"},
["vme"] = {"East Masela"},
["vmf"] = {"Mainfränkisch"},
["vmg"] = {"Lungalunga"},
["vmh"] = {"Maraghei"},
["vmi"] = {"Miwa"},
["vmj"] = {"Ixtayutla Mixtec"},
["vmk"] = {"Makhuwa-Shirima"},
["vml"] = {"Malgana"},
["vmm"] = {"Mitlatongo Mixtec"},
["vmp"] = {"Soyaltepec Mazatec"},
["vmq"] = {"Soyaltepec Mixtec"},
["vmr"] = {"Marenje"},
["vms"] = {"Moksela"},
["vmu"] = {"Muluridyi"},
["vmv"] = {"Valley Maidu"},
["vmw"] = {"Makhuwa"},
["vmx"] = {"Tamazola Mixtec"},
["vmy"] = {"Ayautla Mazatec"},
["vmz"] = {"Mazatlán Mazatec"},
["vnk"] = {"Vano", "Lovono"},
["vnm"] = {"Vinmavis", "Neve'ei"},
["vnp"] = {"Vunapu"},
["vor"] = {"Voro"},
["vot"] = {"Votic"},
["vra"] = {"Vera'a"},
["vro"] = {"Võro"},
["vrs"] = {"Varisi"},
["vrt"] = {"Burmbar", "Banam Bay"},
["vsi"] = {"Moldova Sign Language"},
["vsl"] = {"Venezuelan Sign Language"},
["vsn"] = {"Vedic Sanskrit"},
["vsv"] = {"Valencian Sign Language", "Llengua de signes valenciana"},
["vto"] = {"Vitou"},
["vum"] = {"Vumbu"},
["vun"] = {"Vunjo"},
["vut"] = {"Vute"},
["vwa"] = {"Awa (China)"},
["waa"] = {"Walla Walla"},
["wab"] = {"Yote", "Wab"},
["wac"] = {"Wasco-Wishram"},
["wad"] = {"Wamesa", "Wondama"},
["wae"] = {"Walser"},
["waf"] = {"Wakoná"},
["wag"] = {"Wa'ema"},
["wah"] = {"Watubela"},
["wai"] = {"Wares"},
["waj"] = {"Waffa"},
["wak"] = {"Wakashan languages"},
["wal"] = {"Wolaytta", "Wolaitta"},
["wam"] = {"Wampanoag"},
["wan"] = {"Wan"},
["wao"] = {"Wappo"},
["wap"] = {"Wapishana"},
["waq"] = {"Wagiman"},
["war"] = {"Waray (Philippines)"},
["was"] = {"Washo"},
["wat"] = {"Kaninuwa"},
["wau"] = {"Waurá"},
["wav"] = {"Waka"},
["waw"] = {"Waiwai"},
["wax"] = {"Watam", "Marangis"},
["way"] = {"Wayana"},
["waz"] = {"Wampur"},
["wba"] = {"Warao"},
["wbb"] = {"Wabo"},
["wbe"] = {"Waritai"},
["wbf"] = {"Wara"},
["wbh"] = {"Wanda"},
["wbi"] = {"Vwanji"},
["wbj"] = {"Alagwa"},
["wbk"] = {"Waigali"},
["wbl"] = {"Wakhi"},
["wbm"] = {"Wa"},
["wbp"] = {"Warlpiri"},
["wbq"] = {"Waddar"},
["wbr"] = {"Wagdi"},
["wbs"] = {"West Bengal Sign Language"},
["wbt"] = {"Warnman"},
["wbv"] = {"Wajarri"},
["wbw"] = {"Woi"},
["wca"] = {"Yanomámi"},
["wci"] = {"Waci Gbe"},
["wdd"] = {"Wandji"},
["wdg"] = {"Wadaginam"},
["wdj"] = {"Wadjiginy"},
["wdk"] = {"Wadikali"},
["wdt"] = {"Wendat"},
["wdu"] = {"Wadjigu"},
["wdy"] = {"Wadjabangayi"},
["wea"] = {"Wewaw"},
["wec"] = {"Wè Western"},
["wed"] = {"Wedau"},
["weg"] = {"Wergaia"},
["weh"] = {"Weh"},
["wei"] = {"Kiunum"},
["wem"] = {"Weme Gbe"},
["wen"] = {"Sorbian languages"},
["weo"] = {"Wemale"},
["wep"] = {"Westphalien"},
["wer"] = {"Weri"},
["wes"] = {"Cameroon Pidgin"},
["wet"] = {"Perai"},
["weu"] = {"Rawngtu Chin"},
["wew"] = {"Wejewa"},
["wfg"] = {"Yafi", "Zorop"},
["wga"] = {"Wagaya"},
["wgb"] = {"Wagawaga"},
["wgg"] = {"Wangkangurru", "Wangganguru"},
["wgi"] = {"Wahgi"},
["wgo"] = {"Waigeo"},
["wgu"] = {"Wirangu"},
["wgy"] = {"Warrgamay"},
["wha"] = {"Sou Upaa", "Manusela"},
["whg"] = {"North Wahgi"},
["whk"] = {"Wahau Kenyah"},
["whu"] = {"Wahau Kayan"},
["wib"] = {"Southern Toussian"},
["wic"] = {"Wichita"},
["wie"] = {"Wik-Epa"},
["wif"] = {"Wik-Keyangan"},
["wig"] = {"Wik Ngathan"},
["wih"] = {"Wik-Me'anha"},
["wii"] = {"Minidien"},
["wij"] = {"Wik-Iiyanh"},
["wik"] = {"Wikalkan"},
["wil"] = {"Wilawila"},
["wim"] = {"Wik-Mungkan"},
["win"] = {"Ho-Chunk"},
["wir"] = {"Wiraféd"},
["wiu"] = {"Wiru"},
["wiv"] = {"Vitu"},
["wiy"] = {"Wiyot"},
["wja"] = {"Waja"},
["wji"] = {"Warji"},
["wka"] = {"Kw'adza"},
["wkb"] = {"Kumbaran"},
["wkd"] = {"Wakde", "Mo"},
["wkl"] = {"Kalanadi"},
["wkr"] = {"Keerray-Woorroong"},
["wku"] = {"Kunduvadi"},
["wkw"] = {"Wakawaka"},
["wky"] = {"Wangkayutyuru"},
["wla"] = {"Walio"},
["wlc"] = {"Mwali Comorian"},
["wle"] = {"Wolane"},
["wlg"] = {"Kunbarlang"},
["wlh"] = {"Welaun"},
["wli"] = {"Waioli"},
["wlk"] = {"Wailaki"},
["wll"] = {"Wali (Sudan)"},
["wlm"] = {"Middle Welsh"},
["wlo"] = {"Wolio"},
["wlr"] = {"Wailapa"},
["wls"] = {"Wallisian"},
["wlu"] = {"Wuliwuli"},
["wlv"] = {"Wichí Lhamtés Vejoz"},
["wlw"] = {"Walak"},
["wlx"] = {"Wali (Ghana)"},
["wly"] = {"Waling"},
["wma"] = {"Mawa (Nigeria)"},
["wmb"] = {"Wambaya"},
["wmc"] = {"Wamas"},
["wmd"] = {"Mamaindé"},
["wme"] = {"Wambule"},
["wmg"] = {"Western Minyag"},
["wmh"] = {"Waima'a"},
["wmi"] = {"Wamin"},
["wmm"] = {"Maiwa (Indonesia)"},
["wmn"] = {"Waamwang"},
["wmo"] = {"Wom (Papua New Guinea)"},
["wms"] = {"Wambon"},
["wmt"] = {"Walmajarri"},
["wmw"] = {"Mwani"},
["wmx"] = {"Womo"},
["wnb"] = {"Mokati"},
["wnc"] = {"Wantoat"},
["wnd"] = {"Wandarang"},
["wne"] = {"Waneci"},
["wng"] = {"Wanggom"},
["wni"] = {"Ndzwani Comorian"},
["wnk"] = {"Wanukaka"},
["wnm"] = {"Wanggamala"},
["wnn"] = {"Wunumara"},
["wno"] = {"Wano"},
["wnp"] = {"Wanap"},
["wnu"] = {"Usan"},
["wnw"] = {"Wintu"},
["wny"] = {"Wanyi", "Waanyi"},
["woa"] = {"Kuwema", "Tyaraity"},
["wob"] = {"Wè Northern"},
["woc"] = {"Wogeo"},
["wod"] = {"Wolani"},
["woe"] = {"Woleaian"},
["wof"] = {"Gambian Wolof"},
["wog"] = {"Wogamusin"},
["woi"] = {"Kamang"},
["wok"] = {"Longto"},
["wom"] = {"Wom (Nigeria)"},
["won"] = {"Wongo"},
["woo"] = {"Manombai"},
["wor"] = {"Woria"},
["wos"] = {"Hanga Hundi"},
["wow"] = {"Wawonii"},
["woy"] = {"Weyto"},
["wpc"] = {"Maco"},
["wrb"] = {"Waluwarra", "Warluwara"},
["wrg"] = {"Warungu", "Gudjal"},
["wrh"] = {"Wiradjuri"},
["wri"] = {"Wariyangga"},
["wrk"] = {"Garrwa"},
["wrl"] = {"Warlmanpa"},
["wrm"] = {"Warumungu"},
["wrn"] = {"Warnang"},
["wro"] = {"Worrorra"},
["wrp"] = {"Waropen"},
["wrr"] = {"Wardaman"},
["wrs"] = {"Waris"},
["wru"] = {"Waru"},
["wrv"] = {"Waruna"},
["wrw"] = {"Gugu Warra"},
["wrx"] = {"Wae Rana"},
["wry"] = {"Merwari"},
["wrz"] = {"Waray (Australia)"},
["wsa"] = {"Warembori"},
["wsg"] = {"Adilabad Gondi"},
["wsi"] = {"Wusi"},
["wsk"] = {"Waskia"},
["wsr"] = {"Owenia"},
["wss"] = {"Wasa"},
["wsu"] = {"Wasu"},
["wsv"] = {"Wotapuri-Katarqalai"},
["wtb"] = {"Matambwe"},
["wtf"] = {"Watiwa"},
["wth"] = {"Wathawurrung"},
["wti"] = {"Berta"},
["wtk"] = {"Watakataui"},
["wtm"] = {"Mewati"},
["wtw"] = {"Wotu"},
["wua"] = {"Wikngenchera"},
["wub"] = {"Wunambal"},
["wud"] = {"Wudu"},
["wuh"] = {"Wutunhua"},
["wul"] = {"Silimo"},
["wum"] = {"Wumbvu"},
["wun"] = {"Bungu"},
["wur"] = {"Wurrugu"},
["wut"] = {"Wutung"},
["wuu"] = {"Wu Chinese"},
["wuv"] = {"Wuvulu-Aua"},
["wux"] = {"Wulna"},
["wuy"] = {"Wauyai"},
["wwa"] = {"Waama"},
["wwb"] = {"Wakabunga"},
["wwo"] = {"Wetamut", "Dorig"},
["wwr"] = {"Warrwa"},
["www"] = {"Wawa"},
["wxa"] = {"Waxianghua"},
["wxw"] = {"Wardandi"},
["wyb"] = {"Wangaaybuwan-Ngiyambaa"},
["wyi"] = {"Woiwurrung"},
["wym"] = {"Wymysorys"},
["wyn"] = {"Wyandot"},
["wyr"] = {"Wayoró"},
["wyy"] = {"Western Fijian"},
["xaa"] = {"Andalusian Arabic"},
["xab"] = {"Sambe"},
["xac"] = {"Kachari"},
["xad"] = {"Adai"},
["xae"] = {"Aequian"},
["xag"] = {"Aghwan"},
["xai"] = {"Kaimbé"},
["xaj"] = {"Ararandewára"},
["xak"] = {"Máku"},
["xal"] = {"Kalmyk", "Oirat"},
["xam"] = {"ǀXam"},
["xan"] = {"Xamtanga"},
["xao"] = {"Khao"},
["xap"] = {"Apalachee"},
["xaq"] = {"Aquitanian"},
["xar"] = {"Karami"},
["xas"] = {"Kamas"},
["xat"] = {"Katawixi"},
["xau"] = {"Kauwera"},
["xav"] = {"Xavánte"},
["xaw"] = {"Kawaiisu"},
["xay"] = {"Kayan Mahakam"},
["xbb"] = {"Lower Burdekin"},
["xbc"] = {"Bactrian"},
["xbd"] = {"Bindal"},
["xbe"] = {"Bigambal"},
["xbg"] = {"Bunganditj"},
["xbi"] = {"Kombio"},
["xbj"] = {"Birrpayi"},
["xbm"] = {"Middle Breton"},
["xbn"] = {"Kenaboi"},
["xbo"] = {"Bolgarian"},
["xbp"] = {"Bibbulman"},
["xbr"] = {"Kambera"},
["xbw"] = {"Kambiwá"},
["xby"] = {"Batjala", "Batyala"},
["xcb"] = {"Cumbric"},
["xcc"] = {"Camunic"},
["xce"] = {"Celtiberian"},
["xcg"] = {"Cisalpine Gaulish"},
["xch"] = {"Chemakum", "Chimakum"},
["xcl"] = {"Classical Armenian"},
["xcm"] = {"Comecrudo"},
["xcn"] = {"Cotoname"},
["xco"] = {"Chorasmian"},
["xcr"] = {"Carian"},
["xct"] = {"Classical Tibetan"},
["xcu"] = {"Curonian"},
["xcv"] = {"Chuvantsy"},
["xcw"] = {"Coahuilteco"},
["xcy"] = {"Cayuse"},
["xda"] = {"Darkinyung"},
["xdc"] = {"Dacian"},
["xdk"] = {"Dharuk"},
["xdm"] = {"Edomite"},
["xdo"] = {"Kwandu"},
["xdq"] = {"Kaitag"},
["xdy"] = {"Malayic Dayak"},
["xeb"] = {"Eblan"},
["xed"] = {"Hdi"},
["xeg"] = {"ǁXegwi"},
["xel"] = {"Kelo"},
["xem"] = {"Kembayan"},
["xep"] = {"Epi-Olmec"},
["xer"] = {"Xerénte"},
["xes"] = {"Kesawai"},
["xet"] = {"Xetá"},
["xeu"] = {"Keoru-Ahia"},
["xfa"] = {"Faliscan"},
["xga"] = {"Galatian"},
["xgb"] = {"Gbin"},
["xgd"] = {"Gudang"},
["xgf"] = {"Gabrielino-Fernandeño"},
["xgg"] = {"Goreng"},
["xgi"] = {"Garingbal"},
["xgl"] = {"Galindan"},
["xgm"] = {"Dharumbal", "Guwinmal"},
["xgn"] = {"Mongolian languages"},
["xgr"] = {"Garza"},
["xgu"] = {"Unggumi"},
["xgw"] = {"Guwa"},
["xha"] = {"Harami"},
["xhc"] = {"Hunnic"},
["xhd"] = {"Hadrami"},
["xhe"] = {"Khetrani"},
["xhm"] = {"Middle Khmer (1400 to 1850 CE)"},
["xhr"] = {"Hernican"},
["xht"] = {"Hattic"},
["xhu"] = {"Hurrian"},
["xhv"] = {"Khua"},
["xib"] = {"Iberian"},
["xii"] = {"Xiri"},
["xil"] = {"Illyrian"},
["xin"] = {"Xinca"},
["xir"] = {"Xiriâna"},
["xis"] = {"Kisan"},
["xiv"] = {"Indus Valley Language"},
["xiy"] = {"Xipaya"},
["xjb"] = {"Minjungbal"},
["xjt"] = {"Jaitmatang"},
["xka"] = {"Kalkoti"},
["xkb"] = {"Northern Nago"},
["xkc"] = {"Kho'ini"},
["xkd"] = {"Mendalam Kayan"},
["xke"] = {"Kereho"},
["xkf"] = {"Khengkha"},
["xkg"] = {"Kagoro"},
["xki"] = {"Kenyan Sign Language"},
["xkj"] = {"Kajali"},
["xkk"] = {"Kachok", "Kaco'"},
["xkl"] = {"Mainstream Kenyah"},
["xkn"] = {"Kayan River Kayan"},
["xko"] = {"Kiorr"},
["xkp"] = {"Kabatei"},
["xkq"] = {"Koroni"},
["xkr"] = {"Xakriabá"},
["xks"] = {"Kumbewaha"},
["xkt"] = {"Kantosi"},
["xku"] = {"Kaamba"},
["xkv"] = {"Kgalagadi"},
["xkw"] = {"Kembra"},
["xkx"] = {"Karore"},
["xky"] = {"Uma' Lasan"},
["xkz"] = {"Kurtokha"},
["xla"] = {"Kamula"},
["xlb"] = {"Loup B"},
["xlc"] = {"Lycian"},
["xld"] = {"Lydian"},
["xle"] = {"Lemnian"},
["xlg"] = {"Ligurian (Ancient)"},
["xli"] = {"Liburnian"},
["xln"] = {"Alanic"},
["xlo"] = {"Loup A"},
["xlp"] = {"Lepontic"},
["xls"] = {"Lusitanian"},
["xlu"] = {"Cuneiform Luwian"},
["xly"] = {"Elymian"},
["xma"] = {"Mushungulu"},
["xmb"] = {"Mbonga"},
["xmc"] = {"Makhuwa-Marrevone"},
["xmd"] = {"Mbudum"},
["xme"] = {"Median"},
["xmf"] = {"Mingrelian"},
["xmg"] = {"Mengaka"},
["xmh"] = {"Kugu-Muminh"},
["xmj"] = {"Majera"},
["xmk"] = {"Ancient Macedonian"},
["xml"] = {"Malaysian Sign Language"},
["xmm"] = {"Manado Malay"},
["xmn"] = {"Manichaean Middle Persian"},
["xmo"] = {"Morerebi"},
["xmp"] = {"Kuku-Mu'inh"},
["xmq"] = {"Kuku-Mangk"},
["xmr"] = {"Meroitic"},
["xms"] = {"Moroccan Sign Language"},
["xmt"] = {"Matbat"},
["xmu"] = {"Kamu"},
["xmv"] = {"Antankarana Malagasy", "Tankarana Malagasy"},
["xmw"] = {"Tsimihety Malagasy"},
["xmx"] = {"Salawati", "Maden"},
["xmy"] = {"Mayaguduna"},
["xmz"] = {"Mori Bawah"},
["xna"] = {"Ancient North Arabian"},
["xnb"] = {"Kanakanabu"},
["xnd"] = {"Na-Dene languages"},
["xng"] = {"Middle Mongolian"},
["xnh"] = {"Kuanhua"},
["xni"] = {"Ngarigu"},
["xnj"] = {"Ngoni (Tanzania)"},
["xnk"] = {"Nganakarti"},
["xnm"] = {"Ngumbarl"},
["xnn"] = {"Northern Kankanay"},
["xno"] = {"Anglo-Norman"},
["xnq"] = {"Ngoni (Mozambique)"},
["xnr"] = {"Kangri"},
["xns"] = {"Kanashi"},
["xnt"] = {"Narragansett"},
["xnu"] = {"Nukunul"},
["xny"] = {"Nyiyaparli"},
["xnz"] = {"Kenzi", "Mattoki"},
["xoc"] = {"O'chi'chi'"},
["xod"] = {"Kokoda"},
["xog"] = {"Soga"},
["xoi"] = {"Kominimung"},
["xok"] = {"Xokleng"},
["xom"] = {"Komo (Sudan)"},
["xon"] = {"Konkomba"},
["xoo"] = {"Xukurú"},
["xop"] = {"Kopar"},
["xor"] = {"Korubo"},
["xow"] = {"Kowaki"},
["xpa"] = {"Pirriya"},
["xpb"] = {"Northeastern Tasmanian", "Pyemmairrener"},
["xpc"] = {"Pecheneg"},
["xpd"] = {"Oyster Bay Tasmanian"},
["xpe"] = {"Liberia Kpelle"},
["xpf"] = {"Southeast Tasmanian", "Nuenonne"},
["xpg"] = {"Phrygian"},
["xph"] = {"North Midlands Tasmanian", "Tyerrenoterpanner"},
["xpi"] = {"Pictish"},
["xpj"] = {"Mpalitjanh"},
["xpk"] = {"Kulina Pano"},
["xpl"] = {"Port Sorell Tasmanian"},
["xpm"] = {"Pumpokol"},
["xpn"] = {"Kapinawá"},
["xpo"] = {"Pochutec"},
["xpp"] = {"Puyo-Paekche"},
["xpq"] = {"Mohegan-Pequot"},
["xpr"] = {"Parthian"},
["xps"] = {"Pisidian"},
["xpt"] = {"Punthamara"},
["xpu"] = {"Punic"},
["xpv"] = {"Northern Tasmanian", "Tommeginne"},
["xpw"] = {"Northwestern Tasmanian", "Peerapper"},
["xpx"] = {"Southwestern Tasmanian", "Toogee"},
["xpy"] = {"Puyo"},
["xpz"] = {"Bruny Island Tasmanian"},
["xqa"] = {"Karakhanid"},
["xqt"] = {"Qatabanian"},
["xra"] = {"Krahô"},
["xrb"] = {"Eastern Karaboro"},
["xrd"] = {"Gundungurra"},
["xre"] = {"Kreye"},
["xrg"] = {"Minang"},
["xri"] = {"Krikati-Timbira"},
["xrm"] = {"Armazic"},
["xrn"] = {"Arin"},
["xrr"] = {"Raetic"},
["xrt"] = {"Aranama-Tamique"},
["xru"] = {"Marriammu"},
["xrw"] = {"Karawa"},
["xsa"] = {"Sabaean"},
["xsb"] = {"Sambal"},
["xsc"] = {"Scythian"},
["xsd"] = {"Sidetic"},
["xse"] = {"Sempan"},
["xsh"] = {"Shamang"},
["xsi"] = {"Sio"},
["xsj"] = {"Subi"},
["xsl"] = {"South Slavey"},
["xsm"] = {"Kasem"},
["xsn"] = {"Sanga (Nigeria)"},
["xso"] = {"Solano"},
["xsp"] = {"Silopi"},
["xsq"] = {"Makhuwa-Saka"},
["xsr"] = {"Sherpa"},
["xsu"] = {"Sanumá"},
["xsv"] = {"Sudovian"},
["xsy"] = {"Saisiyat"},
["xta"] = {"Alcozauca Mixtec"},
["xtb"] = {"Chazumba Mixtec"},
["xtc"] = {"Katcha-Kadugli-Miri"},
["xtd"] = {"Diuxi-Tilantongo Mixtec"},
["xte"] = {"Ketengban"},
["xtg"] = {"Transalpine Gaulish"},
["xth"] = {"Yitha Yitha"},
["xti"] = {"Sinicahua Mixtec"},
["xtj"] = {"San Juan Teita Mixtec"},
["xtl"] = {"Tijaltepec Mixtec"},
["xtm"] = {"Magdalena Peñasco Mixtec"},
["xtn"] = {"Northern Tlaxiaco Mixtec"},
["xto"] = {"Tokharian A"},
["xtp"] = {"San Miguel Piedras Mixtec"},
["xtq"] = {"Tumshuqese"},
["xtr"] = {"Early Tripuri"},
["xts"] = {"Sindihui Mixtec"},
["xtt"] = {"Tacahua Mixtec"},
["xtu"] = {"Cuyamecalco Mixtec"},
["xtv"] = {"Thawa"},
["xtw"] = {"Tawandê"},
["xty"] = {"Yoloxochitl Mixtec"},
["xua"] = {"Alu Kurumba"},
["xub"] = {"Betta Kurumba"},
["xud"] = {"Umiida"},
["xug"] = {"Kunigami"},
["xuj"] = {"Jennu Kurumba"},
["xul"] = {"Ngunawal", "Nunukul"},
["xum"] = {"Umbrian"},
["xun"] = {"Unggaranggu"},
["xuo"] = {"Kuo"},
["xup"] = {"Upper Umpqua"},
["xur"] = {"Urartian"},
["xut"] = {"Kuthant"},
["xuu"] = {"Kxoe", "Khwedam"},
["xve"] = {"Venetic"},
["xvi"] = {"Kamviri"},
["xvn"] = {"Vandalic"},
["xvo"] = {"Volscian"},
["xvs"] = {"Vestinian"},
["xwa"] = {"Kwaza"},
["xwc"] = {"Woccon"},
["xwd"] = {"Wadi Wadi"},
["xwe"] = {"Xwela Gbe"},
["xwg"] = {"Kwegu"},
["xwj"] = {"Wajuk"},
["xwk"] = {"Wangkumara"},
["xwl"] = {"Western Xwla Gbe"},
["xwo"] = {"Written Oirat"},
["xwr"] = {"Kwerba Mamberamo"},
["xwt"] = {"Wotjobaluk"},
["xww"] = {"Wemba Wemba"},
["xxb"] = {"Boro (Ghana)"},
["xxk"] = {"Ke'o"},
["xxm"] = {"Minkin"},
["xxr"] = {"Koropó"},
["xxt"] = {"Tambora"},
["xya"] = {"Yaygir"},
["xyb"] = {"Yandjibara"},
["xyj"] = {"Mayi-Yapi"},
["xyk"] = {"Mayi-Kulan"},
["xyl"] = {"Yalakalore"},
["xyt"] = {"Mayi-Thakurti"},
["xyy"] = {"Yorta Yorta"},
["xzh"] = {"Zhang-Zhung"},
["xzm"] = {"Zemgalian"},
["xzp"] = {"Ancient Zapotec"},
["yaa"] = {"Yaminahua"},
["yab"] = {"Yuhup"},
["yac"] = {"Pass Valley Yali"},
["yad"] = {"Yagua"},
["yae"] = {"Pumé"},
["yaf"] = {"Yaka (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["yag"] = {"Yámana"},
["yah"] = {"Yazgulyam"},
["yai"] = {"Yagnobi"},
["yaj"] = {"Banda-Yangere"},
["yak"] = {"Yakama"},
["yal"] = {"Yalunka"},
["yam"] = {"Yamba"},
["yan"] = {"Mayangna"},
["yao"] = {"Yao"},
["yap"] = {"Yapese"},
["yaq"] = {"Yaqui"},
["yar"] = {"Yabarana"},
["yas"] = {"Nugunu (Cameroon)"},
["yat"] = {"Yambeta"},
["yau"] = {"Yuwana"},
["yav"] = {"Yangben"},
["yaw"] = {"Yawalapití"},
["yax"] = {"Yauma"},
["yay"] = {"Agwagwune"},
["yaz"] = {"Lokaa"},
["yba"] = {"Yala"},
["ybb"] = {"Yemba"},
["ybe"] = {"West Yugur"},
["ybh"] = {"Yakha"},
["ybi"] = {"Yamphu"},
["ybj"] = {"Hasha"},
["ybk"] = {"Bokha"},
["ybl"] = {"Yukuben"},
["ybm"] = {"Yaben"},
["ybn"] = {"Yabaâna"},
["ybo"] = {"Yabong"},
["ybx"] = {"Yawiyo"},
["yby"] = {"Yaweyuha"},
["ych"] = {"Chesu"},
["ycl"] = {"Lolopo"},
["ycn"] = {"Yucuna"},
["ycp"] = {"Chepya"},
["ycr"] = {"Yilan Creole"},
["yda"] = {"Yanda"},
["ydd"] = {"Eastern Yiddish"},
["yde"] = {"Yangum Dey"},
["ydg"] = {"Yidgha"},
["ydk"] = {"Yoidik"},
["yea"] = {"Ravula"},
["yec"] = {"Yeniche"},
["yee"] = {"Yimas"},
["yei"] = {"Yeni"},
["yej"] = {"Yevanic"},
["yel"] = {"Yela"},
["yer"] = {"Tarok"},
["yes"] = {"Nyankpa"},
["yet"] = {"Yetfa"},
["yeu"] = {"Yerukula"},
["yev"] = {"Yapunda"},
["yey"] = {"Yeyi"},
["yga"] = {"Malyangapa"},
["ygi"] = {"Yiningayi"},
["ygl"] = {"Yangum Gel"},
["ygm"] = {"Yagomi"},
["ygp"] = {"Gepo"},
["ygr"] = {"Yagaria"},
["ygs"] = {"Yolŋu Sign Language"},
["ygu"] = {"Yugul"},
["ygw"] = {"Yagwoia"},
["yha"] = {"Baha Buyang"},
["yhd"] = {"Judeo-Iraqi Arabic"},
["yhl"] = {"Hlepho Phowa"},
["yhs"] = {"Yan-nhaŋu Sign Language"},
["yia"] = {"Yinggarda"},
["yif"] = {"Ache"},
["yig"] = {"Wusa Nasu"},
["yih"] = {"Western Yiddish"},
["yii"] = {"Yidiny"},
["yij"] = {"Yindjibarndi"},
["yik"] = {"Dongshanba Lalo"},
["yil"] = {"Yindjilandji"},
["yim"] = {"Yimchungru Naga"},
["yin"] = {"Riang Lai", "Yinchia"},
["yip"] = {"Pholo"},
["yiq"] = {"Miqie"},
["yir"] = {"North Awyu"},
["yis"] = {"Yis"},
["yit"] = {"Eastern Lalu"},
["yiu"] = {"Awu"},
["yiv"] = {"Northern Nisu"},
["yix"] = {"Axi Yi"},
["yiz"] = {"Azhe"},
["yka"] = {"Yakan"},
["ykg"] = {"Northern Yukaghir"},
["ykh"] = {"Khamnigan Mongol"},
["yki"] = {"Yoke"},
["ykk"] = {"Yakaikeke"},
["ykl"] = {"Khlula"},
["ykm"] = {"Kap"},
["ykn"] = {"Kua-nsi"},
["yko"] = {"Iyasa", "Yasa"},
["ykr"] = {"Yekora"},
["ykt"] = {"Kathu"},
["yku"] = {"Kuamasi"},
["yky"] = {"Yakoma"},
["yla"] = {"Yaul"},
["ylb"] = {"Yaleba"},
["yle"] = {"Yele"},
["ylg"] = {"Yelogu"},
["yli"] = {"Angguruk Yali"},
["yll"] = {"Yil"},
["ylm"] = {"Limi"},
["yln"] = {"Langnian Buyang"},
["ylo"] = {"Naluo Yi"},
["ylr"] = {"Yalarnnga"},
["ylu"] = {"Aribwaung"},
["yly"] = {"Nyâlayu", "Nyelâyu"},
["ymb"] = {"Yambes"},
["ymc"] = {"Southern Muji"},
["ymd"] = {"Muda"},
["yme"] = {"Yameo"},
["ymg"] = {"Yamongeri"},
["ymh"] = {"Mili"},
["ymi"] = {"Moji"},
["ymk"] = {"Makwe"},
["yml"] = {"Iamalele"},
["ymm"] = {"Maay"},
["ymn"] = {"Yamna", "Sunum"},
["ymo"] = {"Yangum Mon"},
["ymp"] = {"Yamap"},
["ymq"] = {"Qila Muji"},
["ymr"] = {"Malasar"},
["yms"] = {"Mysian"},
["ymx"] = {"Northern Muji"},
["ymz"] = {"Muzi"},
["yna"] = {"Aluo"},
["ynb"] = {"Yamben"},
["ynd"] = {"Yandruwandha"},
["yne"] = {"Lang'e"},
["yng"] = {"Yango"},
["ynk"] = {"Naukan Yupik"},
["ynl"] = {"Yangulam"},
["ynn"] = {"Yana"},
["yno"] = {"Yong"},
["ynq"] = {"Yendang"},
["yns"] = {"Yansi"},
["ynu"] = {"Yahuna"},
["yob"] = {"Yoba"},
["yog"] = {"Yogad"},
["yoi"] = {"Yonaguni"},
["yok"] = {"Yokuts"},
["yom"] = {"Yombe"},
["yon"] = {"Yongkom"},
["yot"] = {"Yotti"},
["yox"] = {"Yoron"},
["yoy"] = {"Yoy"},
["ypa"] = {"Phala"},
["ypb"] = {"Labo Phowa"},
["ypg"] = {"Phola"},
["yph"] = {"Phupha"},
["ypk"] = {"Yupik languages"},
["ypm"] = {"Phuma"},
["ypn"] = {"Ani Phowa"},
["ypo"] = {"Alo Phola"},
["ypp"] = {"Phupa"},
["ypz"] = {"Phuza"},
["yra"] = {"Yerakai"},
["yrb"] = {"Yareba"},
["yre"] = {"Yaouré"},
["yrk"] = {"Nenets"},
["yrl"] = {"Nhengatu"},
["yrm"] = {"Yirrk-Mel"},
["yrn"] = {"Yerong"},
["yro"] = {"Yaroamë"},
["yrs"] = {"Yarsun"},
["yrw"] = {"Yarawata"},
["yry"] = {"Yarluyandi"},
["ysc"] = {"Yassic"},
["ysd"] = {"Samatao"},
["ysg"] = {"Sonaga"},
["ysl"] = {"Yugoslavian Sign Language"},
["ysm"] = {"Myanmar Sign Language"},
["ysn"] = {"Sani"},
["yso"] = {"Nisi (China)"},
["ysp"] = {"Southern Lolopo"},
["ysr"] = {"Sirenik Yupik"},
["yss"] = {"Yessan-Mayo"},
["ysy"] = {"Sanie"},
["yta"] = {"Talu"},
["ytl"] = {"Tanglang"},
["ytp"] = {"Thopho"},
["ytw"] = {"Yout Wam"},
["yty"] = {"Yatay"},
["yua"] = {"Yucateco", "Yucatec Maya"},
["yub"] = {"Yugambal"},
["yuc"] = {"Yuchi"},
["yud"] = {"Judeo-Tripolitanian Arabic"},
["yue"] = {"Yue Chinese", "Cantonese"},
["yuf"] = {"Havasupai-Walapai-Yavapai"},
["yug"] = {"Yug"},
["yui"] = {"Yurutí"},
["yuj"] = {"Karkar-Yuri"},
["yuk"] = {"Yuki"},
["yul"] = {"Yulu"},
["yum"] = {"Quechan"},
["yun"] = {"Bena (Nigeria)"},
["yup"] = {"Yukpa"},
["yuq"] = {"Yuqui"},
["yur"] = {"Yurok"},
["yut"] = {"Yopno"},
["yuw"] = {"Yau (Morobe Province)"},
["yux"] = {"Southern Yukaghir"},
["yuy"] = {"East Yugur"},
["yuz"] = {"Yuracare"},
["yva"] = {"Yawa"},
["yvt"] = {"Yavitero"},
["ywa"] = {"Kalou"},
["ywg"] = {"Yinhawangka"},
["ywl"] = {"Western Lalu"},
["ywn"] = {"Yawanawa"},
["ywq"] = {"Wuding-Luquan Yi"},
["ywr"] = {"Yawuru"},
["ywt"] = {"Xishanba Lalo", "Central Lalo"},
["ywu"] = {"Wumeng Nasu"},
["yww"] = {"Yawarawarga"},
["yxa"] = {"Mayawali"},
["yxg"] = {"Yagara"},
["yxl"] = {"Yardliyawarra"},
["yxm"] = {"Yinwum"},
["yxu"] = {"Yuyu"},
["yxy"] = {"Yabula Yabula"},
["yyr"] = {"Yir Yoront"},
["yyu"] = {"Yau (Sandaun Province)"},
["yyz"] = {"Ayizi"},
["yzg"] = {"E'ma Buyang"},
["yzk"] = {"Zokhuo"},
["zaa"] = {"Sierra de Juárez Zapotec"},
["zab"] = {"Western Tlacolula Valley Zapotec", "San Juan Guelavía Zapotec"},
["zac"] = {"Ocotlán Zapotec"},
["zad"] = {"Cajonos Zapotec"},
["zae"] = {"Yareni Zapotec"},
["zaf"] = {"Ayoquesco Zapotec"},
["zag"] = {"Zaghawa"},
["zah"] = {"Zangwal"},
["zai"] = {"Isthmus Zapotec"},
["zaj"] = {"Zaramo"},
["zak"] = {"Zanaki"},
["zal"] = {"Zauzou"},
["zam"] = {"Miahuatlán Zapotec"},
["zao"] = {"Ozolotepec Zapotec"},
["zap"] = {"Zapotec"},
["zaq"] = {"Aloápam Zapotec"},
["zar"] = {"Rincón Zapotec"},
["zas"] = {"Santo Domingo Albarradas Zapotec"},
["zat"] = {"Tabaa Zapotec"},
["zau"] = {"Zangskari"},
["zav"] = {"Yatzachi Zapotec"},
["zaw"] = {"Mitla Zapotec"},
["zax"] = {"Xadani Zapotec"},
["zay"] = {"Zayse-Zergulla", "Zaysete"},
["zaz"] = {"Zari"},
["zba"] = {"Balaibalan"},
["zbc"] = {"Central Berawan"},
["zbe"] = {"East Berawan"},
["zbl"] = {"Blissymbols", "Bliss", "Blissymbolics"},
["zbt"] = {"Batui"},
["zbu"] = {"Bu (Bauchi State)"},
["zbw"] = {"West Berawan"},
["zca"] = {"Coatecas Altas Zapotec"},
["zcd"] = {"Las Delicias Zapotec"},
["zch"] = {"Central Hongshuihe Zhuang"},
["zdj"] = {"Ngazidja Comorian"},
["zea"] = {"Zeeuws"},
["zeg"] = {"Zenag"},
["zeh"] = {"Eastern Hongshuihe Zhuang"},
["zem"] = {"Zeem"},
["zen"] = {"Zenaga"},
["zga"] = {"Kinga"},
["zgb"] = {"Guibei Zhuang"},
["zgh"] = {"Standard Moroccan Tamazight"},
["zgm"] = {"Minz Zhuang"},
["zgn"] = {"Guibian Zhuang"},
["zgr"] = {"Magori"},
["zhb"] = {"Zhaba"},
["zhd"] = {"Dai Zhuang"},
["zhi"] = {"Zhire"},
["zhk"] = {"Kurdish Sign Language"},
["zhn"] = {"Nong Zhuang"},
["zhw"] = {"Zhoa"},
["zhx"] = {"Chinese (family)"},
["zia"] = {"Zia"},
["zib"] = {"Zimbabwe Sign Language"},
["zik"] = {"Zimakani"},
["zil"] = {"Zialo"},
["zim"] = {"Mesme"},
["zin"] = {"Zinza"},
["ziw"] = {"Zigula"},
["ziz"] = {"Zizilivakan"},
["zka"] = {"Kaimbulawa"},
["zkd"] = {"Kadu"},
["zkg"] = {"Koguryo"},
["zkh"] = {"Khorezmian"},
["zkk"] = {"Karankawa"},
["zkn"] = {"Kanan"},
["zko"] = {"Kott"},
["zkp"] = {"São Paulo Kaingáng"},
["zkr"] = {"Zakhring"},
["zkt"] = {"Kitan"},
["zku"] = {"Kaurna"},
["zkv"] = {"Krevinian"},
["zkz"] = {"Khazar"},
["zla"] = {"Zula"},
["zle"] = {"East Slavic languages"},
["zlj"] = {"Liujiang Zhuang"},
["zlm"] = {"Malay (individual language)"},
["zln"] = {"Lianshan Zhuang"},
["zlq"] = {"Liuqian Zhuang"},
["zls"] = {"South Slavic languages"},
["zlu"] = {"Zul"},
["zlw"] = {"West Slavic languages"},
["zma"] = {"Manda (Australia)"},
["zmb"] = {"Zimba"},
["zmc"] = {"Margany"},
["zmd"] = {"Maridan"},
["zme"] = {"Mangerr"},
["zmf"] = {"Mfinu"},
["zmg"] = {"Marti Ke"},
["zmh"] = {"Makolkol"},
["zmi"] = {"Negeri Sembilan Malay"},
["zmj"] = {"Maridjabin"},
["zmk"] = {"Mandandanyi"},
["zml"] = {"Matngala"},
["zmm"] = {"Marimanindji", "Marramaninyshi"},
["zmn"] = {"Mbangwe"},
["zmo"] = {"Molo"},
["zmp"] = {"Mbuun"},
["zmq"] = {"Mituku"},
["zmr"] = {"Maranunggu"},
["zms"] = {"Mbesa"},
["zmt"] = {"Maringarr"},
["zmu"] = {"Muruwari"},
["zmv"] = {"Mbariman-Gudhinma"},
["zmw"] = {"Mbo (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["zmx"] = {"Bomitaba"},
["zmy"] = {"Mariyedi"},
["zmz"] = {"Mbandja"},
["zna"] = {"Zan Gula"},
["znd"] = {"Zande languages"},
["zne"] = {"Zande (individual language)"},
["zng"] = {"Mang"},
["znk"] = {"Manangkari"},
["zns"] = {"Mangas"},
["zoc"] = {"Copainalá Zoque"},
["zoh"] = {"Chimalapa Zoque"},
["zom"] = {"Zou"},
["zoo"] = {"Asunción Mixtepec Zapotec"},
["zoq"] = {"Tabasco Zoque"},
["zor"] = {"Rayón Zoque"},
["zos"] = {"Francisco León Zoque"},
["zpa"] = {"Lachiguiri Zapotec"},
["zpb"] = {"Yautepec Zapotec"},
["zpc"] = {"Choapan Zapotec"},
["zpd"] = {"Southeastern Ixtlán Zapotec"},
["zpe"] = {"Petapa Zapotec"},
["zpf"] = {"San Pedro Quiatoni Zapotec"},
["zpg"] = {"Guevea De Humboldt Zapotec"},
["zph"] = {"Totomachapan Zapotec"},
["zpi"] = {"Santa María Quiegolani Zapotec"},
["zpj"] = {"Quiavicuzas Zapotec"},
["zpk"] = {"Tlacolulita Zapotec"},
["zpl"] = {"Lachixío Zapotec"},
["zpm"] = {"Mixtepec Zapotec"},
["zpn"] = {"Santa Inés Yatzechi Zapotec"},
["zpo"] = {"Amatlán Zapotec"},
["zpp"] = {"El Alto Zapotec"},
["zpq"] = {"Zoogocho Zapotec"},
["zpr"] = {"Santiago Xanica Zapotec"},
["zps"] = {"Coatlán Zapotec"},
["zpt"] = {"San Vicente Coatlán Zapotec"},
["zpu"] = {"Yalálag Zapotec"},
["zpv"] = {"Chichicapan Zapotec"},
["zpw"] = {"Zaniza Zapotec"},
["zpx"] = {"San Baltazar Loxicha Zapotec"},
["zpy"] = {"Mazaltepec Zapotec"},
["zpz"] = {"Texmelucan Zapotec"},
["zqe"] = {"Qiubei Zhuang"},
["zra"] = {"Kara (Korea)"},
["zrg"] = {"Mirgan"},
["zrn"] = {"Zerenkel"},
["zro"] = {"Záparo"},
["zrp"] = {"Zarphatic"},
["zrs"] = {"Mairasi"},
["zsa"] = {"Sarasira"},
["zsk"] = {"Kaskean"},
["zsl"] = {"Zambian Sign Language"},
["zsm"] = {"Standard Malay"},
["zsr"] = {"Southern Rincon Zapotec"},
["zsu"] = {"Sukurum"},
["zte"] = {"Elotepec Zapotec"},
["ztg"] = {"Xanaguía Zapotec"},
["ztl"] = {"Lapaguía-Guivini Zapotec"},
["ztm"] = {"San Agustín Mixtepec Zapotec"},
["ztn"] = {"Santa Catarina Albarradas Zapotec"},
["ztp"] = {"Loxicha Zapotec"},
["ztq"] = {"Quioquitani-Quierí Zapotec"},
["zts"] = {"Tilquiapan Zapotec"},
["ztt"] = {"Tejalapan Zapotec"},
["ztu"] = {"Güilá Zapotec"},
["ztx"] = {"Zaachila Zapotec"},
["zty"] = {"Yatee Zapotec"},
["zuh"] = {"Tokano"},
["zum"] = {"Kumzari"},
["zun"] = {"Zuni"},
["zuy"] = {"Zumaya"},
["zwa"] = {"Zay"},
["zxx"] = {"No linguistic content", "Not applicable"},
["zyb"] = {"Yongbei Zhuang"},
["zyg"] = {"Yang Zhuang"},
["zyj"] = {"Youjiang Zhuang"},
["zyn"] = {"Yongnan Zhuang"},
["zyp"] = {"Zyphe Chin"},
["zza"] = {"Zaza", "Dimili", "Dimli (macrolanguage)", "Kirdki", "Kirmanjki (macrolanguage)", "Zazaki"},
["zzj"] = {"Zuojiang Zhuang"}
}
local deprecated = {
["bh"] = {"Bihari languages"},
["in"] = {"Indonesian"},
["iw"] = {"Hebrew"},
["ji"] = {"Yiddish"},
["jw"] = {"Javanese"},
["mo"] = {"Moldavian", "Moldovan"},
["aam"] = {"Aramanik"},
["adp"] = {"Adap"},
["agp"] = {"Paranan"},
["ais"] = {"Nataoran Amis"},
["ajp"] = {"South Levantine Arabic"},
["ajt"] = {"Judeo-Tunisian Arabic"},
["aoh"] = {"Arma"},
["asd"] = {"Asas"},
["aue"] = {"ǂKxʼauǁʼein"},
["ayx"] = {"Ayi (China)"},
["ayy"] = {"Tayabas Ayta"},
["baz"] = {"Tunen"},
["bbz"] = {"Babalia Creole Arabic"},
["bgm"] = {"Baga Mboteni"},
["bhk"] = {"Albay Bicolano"},
["bic"] = {"Bikaru"},
["bij"] = {"Vaghat-Ya-Bijim-Legeri"},
["bjd"] = {"Bandjigali"},
["bjq"] = {"Southern Betsimisaraka Malagasy"},
["bkb"] = {"Finallig"},
["blg"] = {"Balau"},
["bmy"] = {"Bemba (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["bpb"] = {"Barbacoas"},
["btb"] = {"Beti (Cameroon)"},
["btl"] = {"Bhatola"},
["bxx"] = {"Borna (Democratic Republic of Congo)"},
["byy"] = {"Buya"},
["cbe"] = {"Chipiajes"},
["cbh"] = {"Cagua"},
["cca"] = {"Cauca"},
["ccq"] = {"Chaungtha"},
["cdg"] = {"Chamari"},
["cjr"] = {"Chorotega"},
["cka"] = {"Khumi Awa Chin"},
["cmk"] = {"Chimakum"},
["coy"] = {"Coyaima"},
["cqu"] = {"Chilean Quechua"},
["cug"] = {"Chungmboko", "Cung"},
["cum"] = {"Cumeral"},
["daf"] = {"Dan"},
["dap"] = {"Nisi (India)"},
["dek"] = {"Dek"},
["dgu"] = {"Degaru"},
["dha"] = {"Dhanwar (India)"},
["dit"] = {"Dirari"},
["djl"] = {"Djiwarli"},
["dkl"] = {"Kolum So Dogon"},
["drh"] = {"Darkhat"},
["drr"] = {"Dororo"},
["drw"] = {"Darwazi"},
["dud"] = {"Hun-Saare"},
["duj"] = {"Dhuwal"},
["dwl"] = {"Walo Kumbe Dogon"},
["ekc"] = {"Eastern Karnic"},
["elp"] = {"Elpaputih"},
["emo"] = {"Emok"},
["gav"] = {"Gabutamon"},
["gbc"] = {"Garawa"},
["gfx"] = {"Mangetti Dune ǃXung"},
["ggn"] = {"Eastern Gurung"},
["ggo"] = {"Southern Gondi"},
["ggr"] = {"Aghu Tharnggalu"},
["gio"] = {"Gelao"},
["gji"] = {"Geji"},
["gli"] = {"Guliguli"},
["gti"] = {"Gbati-ri"},
["guv"] = {"Gey"},
["hrr"] = {"Horuru"},
["iap"] = {"Iapama"},
["ibi"] = {"Ibilo"},
["ill"] = {"Iranun"},
["ilw"] = {"Talur"},
["ime"] = {"Imeraguen"},
["izi"] = {"Izi-Ezaa-Ikwo-Mgbo"},
["jar"] = {"Jarawa (Nigeria)"},
["jeg"] = {"Jeng"},
["kbf"] = {"Kakauhua"},
["kdv"] = {"Kado"},
["kgc"] = {"Kasseng"},
["kgd"] = {"Kataang"},
["kgh"] = {"Upper Tanudan Kalinga"},
["kgm"] = {"Karipúna"},
["kjf"] = {"Khalaj [Indo-Iranian]"},
["koj"] = {"Sara Dunjo"},
["kox"] = {"Coxima"},
["kpp"] = {"Paku Karen"},
["krm"] = {"Krim"},
["ksa"] = {"Shuwa-Zamani"},
["ktr"] = {"Kota Marudu Tinagas"},
["kvs"] = {"Kunggara"},
["kwq"] = {"Kwak"},
["kxe"] = {"Kakihum"},
["kxl"] = {"Nepali Kurux"},
["kxu"] = {"Kui (India)"},
["kzh"] = {"Kenuzi-Dongola"},
["kzj"] = {"Coastal Kadazan"},
["kzt"] = {"Tambunan Dusun"},
["lak"] = {"Laka (Nigeria)"},
["lba"] = {"Lui"},
["leg"] = {"Lengua"},
["lii"] = {"Lingkhim"},
["llo"] = {"Khlor"},
["lmm"] = {"Lamam"},
["lmz"] = {"Lumbee"},
["lno"] = {"Lango (South Sudan)"},
["lsg"] = {"Lyons Sign Language"},
["meg"] = {"Mea"},
["mgx"] = {"Omati"},
["mhh"] = {"Maskoy Pidgin"},
["mja"] = {"Mahei"},
["mld"] = {"Malakhel"},
["mnt"] = {"Maykulan"},
["mof"] = {"Mohegan-Montauk-Narragansett"},
["mst"] = {"Cataelano Mandaya"},
["mvm"] = {"Muya"},
["mwd"] = {"Mudbura"},
["mwj"] = {"Maligo"},
["mwx"] = {"Mediak"},
["mwy"] = {"Mosiro"},
["myd"] = {"Maramba"},
["myi"] = {"Mina (India)"},
["myq"] = {"Forest Maninka"},
["myt"] = {"Sangab Mandaya"},
["nad"] = {"Nijadali"},
["nbf"] = {"Naxi"},
["nbx"] = {"Ngura"},
["ncp"] = {"Ndaktup"},
["ngo"] = {"Ngoni"},
["nln"] = {"Durango Nahuatl"},
["nlr"] = {"Ngarla"},
["nns"] = {"Ningye"},
["nnx"] = {"Ngong"},
["nom"] = {"Nocamán"},
["noo"] = {"Nootka"},
["nte"] = {"Nathembo"},
["nts"] = {"Natagaimas"},
["nxu"] = {"Narau"},
["ome"] = {"Omejes"},
["oun"] = {"ǃOǃung"},
["pat"] = {"Papitalai"},
["pbz"] = {"Palu"},
["pcr"] = {"Panang"},
["pgy"] = {"Pongyong"},
["pii"] = {"Pini"},
["plj"] = {"Polci"},
["plp"] = {"Palpa"},
["pmc"] = {"Palumata"},
["pmk"] = {"Pamlico"},
["pmu"] = {"Mirpur Panjabi"},
["pod"] = {"Ponares"},
["ppa"] = {"Pao"},
["ppr"] = {"Piru"},
["prb"] = {"Lua'"},
["prp"] = {"Parsi"},
["pry"] = {"Pray 3"},
["puk"] = {"Pu Ko"},
["puz"] = {"Purum Naga"},
["rie"] = {"Rien"},
["rmr"] = {"Caló"},
["rna"] = {"Runa"},
["rsi"] = {"Rennellese Sign Language"},
["sap"] = {"Sanapaná"},
["sca"] = {"Sansu"},
["sdm"] = {"Semandang"},
["sgl"] = {"Sanglechi-Ishkashimi"},
["sgo"] = {"Songa"},
["skk"] = {"Sok"},
["slq"] = {"Salchuq"},
["smd"] = {"Sama"},
["snb"] = {"Sebuyau"},
["snh"] = {"Shinabo"},
["sul"] = {"Surigaonon"},
["sum"] = {"Sumo-Mayangna"},
["svr"] = {"Savara"},
["szd"] = {"Seru"},
["tbb"] = {"Tapeba"},
["tdu"] = {"Tempasuk Dusun"},
["tgg"] = {"Tangga"},
["thc"] = {"Tai Hang Tong"},
["thw"] = {"Thudam"},
["thx"] = {"The"},
["tid"] = {"Tidong"},
["tie"] = {"Tingal"},
["tkk"] = {"Takpa"},
["tlw"] = {"South Wemale"},
["tmk"] = {"Northwestern Tamang"},
["tmp"] = {"Tai Mène"},
["tne"] = {"Tinoc Kallahan"},
["tnf"] = {"Tangshewi"},
["toe"] = {"Tomedes"},
["tpw"] = {"Tupí"},
["tsf"] = {"Southwestern Tamang"},
["unp"] = {"Worora"},
["uok"] = {"Uokha"},
["uun"] = {"Kulon-Pazeh"},
["vki"] = {"Ija-Zuba"},
["wgw"] = {"Wagawaga"},
["wit"] = {"Wintu"},
["wiw"] = {"Wirangu"},
["wra"] = {"Warapu"},
["wrd"] = {"Warduji"},
["wya"] = {"Wyandot"},
["xba"] = {"Kamba (Brazil)"},
["xbx"] = {"Kabixí"},
["xia"] = {"Xiandao"},
["xip"] = {"Xipináwa"},
["xkh"] = {"Karahawyana"},
["xrq"] = {"Karranga"},
["xss"] = {"Assan"},
["xtz"] = {"Tasmanian"},
["ybd"] = {"Yangbye"},
["yds"] = {"Yiddish Sign Language"},
["yen"] = {"Yendang"},
["yiy"] = {"Yir Yoront"},
["yma"] = {"Yamphe"},
["ymt"] = {"Mator-Taygi-Karagas"},
["ynh"] = {"Yangho"},
["yol"] = {"Yola"},
["yos"] = {"Yos"},
["yri"] = {"Yarí"},
["yuu"] = {"Yugh"},
["zir"] = {"Ziriya"},
["zkb"] = {"Koibal"},
["zua"] = {"Zeem"}
}
return {
active = active,
deprecated = deprecated,
}
7maeu8qldugwz5oxm6jkg7gdan5few7
ಮೋಡ್ಯೂಲ್:Lang/data/iana scripts
828
18907
363558
359394
2026-06-22T16:56:28Z
en>Trappist the monk
0
update to 2026-06-14 data;
363558
Scribunto
text/plain
-- File-Date: 2026-06-14
return {
["Adlm"] = {"Adlam"},
["Afak"] = {"Afaka"},
["Aghb"] = {"Caucasian Albanian"},
["Ahom"] = {"Ahom", "Tai Ahom"},
["Arab"] = {"Arabic"},
["Aran"] = {"Arabic (Nastaliq variant)"},
["Armi"] = {"Imperial Aramaic"},
["Armn"] = {"Armenian"},
["Avst"] = {"Avestan"},
["Bali"] = {"Balinese"},
["Bamu"] = {"Bamum"},
["Bass"] = {"Bassa Vah"},
["Batk"] = {"Batak"},
["Beng"] = {"Bengali", "Bangla"},
["Berf"] = {"Beria Erfe"},
["Bhks"] = {"Bhaiksuki"},
["Blis"] = {"Blissymbols"},
["Bopo"] = {"Bopomofo"},
["Brah"] = {"Brahmi"},
["Brai"] = {"Braille"},
["Bugi"] = {"Buginese"},
["Buhd"] = {"Buhid"},
["Cakm"] = {"Chakma"},
["Cans"] = {"Unified Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics"},
["Cari"] = {"Carian"},
["Cham"] = {"Cham"},
["Cher"] = {"Cherokee"},
["Chis"] = {"Chisoi"},
["Chrs"] = {"Chorasmian"},
["Cirt"] = {"Cirth"},
["Copt"] = {"Coptic"},
["Cpmn"] = {"Cypro-Minoan"},
["Cprt"] = {"Cypriot syllabary"},
["Cyrl"] = {"Cyrillic"},
["Cyrs"] = {"Cyrillic (Old Church Slavonic variant)"},
["Deva"] = {"Devanagari", "Nagari"},
["Diak"] = {"Dives Akuru"},
["Dogr"] = {"Dogra"},
["Dsrt"] = {"Deseret", "Mormon"},
["Dupl"] = {"Duployan shorthand", "Duployan stenography"},
["Egyd"] = {"Egyptian demotic"},
["Egyh"] = {"Egyptian hieratic"},
["Egyp"] = {"Egyptian hieroglyphs"},
["Elba"] = {"Elbasan"},
["Elym"] = {"Elymaic"},
["Ethi"] = {"Ethiopic", "Geʻez", "Ge'ez"},
["Gara"] = {"Garay"},
["Geok"] = {"Khutsuri (Asomtavruli and Nuskhuri)"},
["Geor"] = {"Georgian (Mkhedruli and Mtavruli)"},
["Glag"] = {"Glagolitic"},
["Gong"] = {"Gunjala Gondi"},
["Gonm"] = {"Masaram Gondi"},
["Goth"] = {"Gothic"},
["Gran"] = {"Grantha"},
["Grek"] = {"Greek"},
["Gujr"] = {"Gujarati"},
["Gukh"] = {"Gurung Khema"},
["Guru"] = {"Gurmukhi"},
["Hanb"] = {"Han with Bopomofo (alias for Han + Bopomofo)"},
["Hang"] = {"Hangul", "Hangŭl", "Hangeul"},
["Hani"] = {"Han", "Hanzi", "Kanji", "Hanja"},
["Hano"] = {"Hanunoo", "Hanunóo"},
["Hans"] = {"Han (Simplified variant)"},
["Hant"] = {"Han (Traditional variant)"},
["Hatr"] = {"Hatran"},
["Hebr"] = {"Hebrew"},
["Hira"] = {"Hiragana"},
["Hluw"] = {"Anatolian Hieroglyphs", "Luwian Hieroglyphs", "Hittite Hieroglyphs"},
["Hmng"] = {"Pahawh Hmong"},
["Hmnp"] = {"Nyiakeng Puachue Hmong"},
["Hntl"] = {"Han (Traditional variant) with Latin (alias for Hant + Latn)"},
["Hrkt"] = {"Japanese syllabaries (alias for Hiragana + Katakana)"},
["Hung"] = {"Old Hungarian", "Hungarian Runic"},
["Inds"] = {"Indus", "Harappan"},
["Ital"] = {"Old Italic (Etruscan, Oscan, etc.)"},
["Jamo"] = {"Jamo (alias for Jamo subset of Hangul)"},
["Java"] = {"Javanese"},
["Jpan"] = {"Japanese (alias for Han + Hiragana + Katakana)"},
["Jurc"] = {"Jurchen"},
["Kali"] = {"Kayah Li"},
["Kana"] = {"Katakana"},
["Kawi"] = {"Kawi"},
["Khar"] = {"Kharoshthi"},
["Khmr"] = {"Khmer"},
["Khoj"] = {"Khojki"},
["Kitl"] = {"Khitan large script"},
["Kits"] = {"Khitan small script"},
["Knda"] = {"Kannada"},
["Kore"] = {"Korean (alias for Hangul + Han)"},
["Kpel"] = {"Kpelle"},
["Krai"] = {"Kirat Rai"},
["Kthi"] = {"Kaithi"},
["Lana"] = {"Tai Tham", "Lanna"},
["Laoo"] = {"Lao"},
["Latf"] = {"Latin (Fraktur variant)"},
["Latg"] = {"Latin (Gaelic variant)"},
["Latn"] = {"Latin"},
["Leke"] = {"Leke"},
["Lepc"] = {"Lepcha", "Róng"},
["Limb"] = {"Limbu"},
["Lina"] = {"Linear A"},
["Linb"] = {"Linear B"},
["Lisu"] = {"Lisu", "Fraser"},
["Loma"] = {"Loma"},
["Lyci"] = {"Lycian"},
["Lydi"] = {"Lydian"},
["Mahj"] = {"Mahajani"},
["Maka"] = {"Makasar"},
["Mand"] = {"Mandaic", "Mandaean"},
["Mani"] = {"Manichaean"},
["Marc"] = {"Marchen"},
["Maya"] = {"Mayan hieroglyphs"},
["Medf"] = {"Medefaidrin", "Oberi Okaime", "Oberi Ɔkaimɛ"},
["Mend"] = {"Mende Kikakui"},
["Merc"] = {"Meroitic Cursive"},
["Mero"] = {"Meroitic Hieroglyphs"},
["Mlym"] = {"Malayalam"},
["Modi"] = {"Modi", "Moḍī"},
["Mong"] = {"Mongolian"},
["Moon"] = {"Moon", "Moon code", "Moon script", "Moon type"},
["Mroo"] = {"Mro", "Mru"},
["Mtei"] = {"Meitei Mayek", "Meithei", "Meetei"},
["Mult"] = {"Multani"},
["Mymr"] = {"Myanmar", "Burmese"},
["Nagm"] = {"Nag Mundari"},
["Nand"] = {"Nandinagari"},
["Narb"] = {"Old North Arabian", "Ancient North Arabian"},
["Nbat"] = {"Nabataean"},
["Newa"] = {"Newa", "Newar", "Newari", "Nepāla lipi"},
["Nkdb"] = {"Naxi Dongba", "na²¹ɕi³³ to³³ba²¹", "Nakhi Tomba"},
["Nkgb"] = {"Naxi Geba", "na²¹ɕi³³ gʌ²¹ba²¹", "'Na-'Khi ²Ggŏ-¹baw", "Nakhi Geba"},
["Nkoo"] = {"N’Ko", "N'Ko"},
["Nshu"] = {"Nüshu"},
["Ogam"] = {"Ogham"},
["Olck"] = {"Ol Chiki", "Ol Cemet'", "Ol", "Santali"},
["Onao"] = {"Ol Onal"},
["Orkh"] = {"Old Turkic", "Orkhon Runic"},
["Orya"] = {"Oriya", "Odia"},
["Osge"] = {"Osage"},
["Osma"] = {"Osmanya"},
["Ougr"] = {"Old Uyghur"},
["Palm"] = {"Palmyrene"},
["Pauc"] = {"Pau Cin Hau"},
["Pcun"] = {"Proto-Cuneiform"},
["Pelm"] = {"Proto-Elamite"},
["Perm"] = {"Old Permic"},
["Phag"] = {"Phags-pa"},
["Phli"] = {"Inscriptional Pahlavi"},
["Phlp"] = {"Psalter Pahlavi"},
["Phlv"] = {"Book Pahlavi"},
["Phnx"] = {"Phoenician"},
["Piqd"] = {"Klingon (KLI pIqaD)"},
["Plrd"] = {"Miao", "Pollard"},
["Prti"] = {"Inscriptional Parthian"},
["Psin"] = {"Proto-Sinaitic"},
["Ranj"] = {"Ranjana"},
["Rjng"] = {"Rejang", "Redjang", "Kaganga"},
["Rohg"] = {"Hanifi Rohingya"},
["Roro"] = {"Rongorongo"},
["Runr"] = {"Runic"},
["Samr"] = {"Samaritan"},
["Sara"] = {"Sarati"},
["Sarb"] = {"Old South Arabian"},
["Saur"] = {"Saurashtra"},
["Seal"] = {"Seal", "Small Seal"},
["Sgnw"] = {"SignWriting"},
["Shaw"] = {"Shavian", "Shaw"},
["Shrd"] = {"Sharada", "Śāradā"},
["Shui"] = {"Shuishu"},
["Sidd"] = {"Siddham", "Siddhaṃ", "Siddhamātṛkā"},
["Sidt"] = {"Sidetic"},
["Sind"] = {"Khudawadi", "Sindhi"},
["Sinh"] = {"Sinhala"},
["Sogd"] = {"Sogdian"},
["Sogo"] = {"Old Sogdian"},
["Sora"] = {"Sora Sompeng"},
["Soyo"] = {"Soyombo"},
["Sund"] = {"Sundanese"},
["Sunu"] = {"Sunuwar"},
["Sylo"] = {"Syloti Nagri"},
["Syrc"] = {"Syriac"},
["Syre"] = {"Syriac (Estrangelo variant)"},
["Syrj"] = {"Syriac (Western variant)"},
["Syrn"] = {"Syriac (Eastern variant)"},
["Tagb"] = {"Tagbanwa"},
["Takr"] = {"Takri", "Ṭākrī", "Ṭāṅkrī"},
["Tale"] = {"Tai Le"},
["Talu"] = {"New Tai Lue"},
["Taml"] = {"Tamil"},
["Tang"] = {"Tangut"},
["Tavt"] = {"Tai Viet"},
["Tayo"] = {"Tai Yo"},
["Telu"] = {"Telugu"},
["Teng"] = {"Tengwar"},
["Tfng"] = {"Tifinagh", "Berber"},
["Tglg"] = {"Tagalog", "Baybayin", "Alibata"},
["Thaa"] = {"Thaana"},
["Thai"] = {"Thai"},
["Tibt"] = {"Tibetan"},
["Tirh"] = {"Tirhuta"},
["Tnsa"] = {"Tangsa"},
["Todr"] = {"Todhri"},
["Tols"] = {"Tolong Siki"},
["Toto"] = {"Toto"},
["Tutg"] = {"Tulu-Tigalari"},
["Ugar"] = {"Ugaritic"},
["Vaii"] = {"Vai"},
["Visp"] = {"Visible Speech"},
["Vith"] = {"Vithkuqi"},
["Wara"] = {"Warang Citi", "Varang Kshiti"},
["Wcho"] = {"Wancho"},
["Wole"] = {"Woleai"},
["Xpeo"] = {"Old Persian"},
["Xsux"] = {"Sumero-Akkadian cuneiform"},
["Yezi"] = {"Yezidi"},
["Yiii"] = {"Yi"},
["Zanb"] = {"Zanabazar Square", "Zanabazarin Dörböljin Useg", "Xewtee Dörböljin Bicig", "Horizontal Square Script"},
["Zinh"] = {"Code for inherited script"},
["Zmth"] = {"Mathematical notation"},
["Zsye"] = {"Symbols (Emoji variant)"},
["Zsym"] = {"Symbols"},
["Zxxx"] = {"Code for unwritten documents"},
["Zyyy"] = {"Code for undetermined script"},
["Zzzz"] = {"Code for uncoded script"}
}
opa2icedd77qcon6wkrhxtmgbquj2gt
363559
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ChiK
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-- File-Date: 2026-06-14
return {
["Adlm"] = {"Adlam"},
["Afak"] = {"Afaka"},
["Aghb"] = {"Caucasian Albanian"},
["Ahom"] = {"Ahom", "Tai Ahom"},
["Arab"] = {"Arabic"},
["Aran"] = {"Arabic (Nastaliq variant)"},
["Armi"] = {"Imperial Aramaic"},
["Armn"] = {"Armenian"},
["Avst"] = {"Avestan"},
["Bali"] = {"Balinese"},
["Bamu"] = {"Bamum"},
["Bass"] = {"Bassa Vah"},
["Batk"] = {"Batak"},
["Beng"] = {"Bengali", "Bangla"},
["Berf"] = {"Beria Erfe"},
["Bhks"] = {"Bhaiksuki"},
["Blis"] = {"Blissymbols"},
["Bopo"] = {"Bopomofo"},
["Brah"] = {"Brahmi"},
["Brai"] = {"Braille"},
["Bugi"] = {"Buginese"},
["Buhd"] = {"Buhid"},
["Cakm"] = {"Chakma"},
["Cans"] = {"Unified Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics"},
["Cari"] = {"Carian"},
["Cham"] = {"Cham"},
["Cher"] = {"Cherokee"},
["Chis"] = {"Chisoi"},
["Chrs"] = {"Chorasmian"},
["Cirt"] = {"Cirth"},
["Copt"] = {"Coptic"},
["Cpmn"] = {"Cypro-Minoan"},
["Cprt"] = {"Cypriot syllabary"},
["Cyrl"] = {"Cyrillic"},
["Cyrs"] = {"Cyrillic (Old Church Slavonic variant)"},
["Deva"] = {"Devanagari", "Nagari"},
["Diak"] = {"Dives Akuru"},
["Dogr"] = {"Dogra"},
["Dsrt"] = {"Deseret", "Mormon"},
["Dupl"] = {"Duployan shorthand", "Duployan stenography"},
["Egyd"] = {"Egyptian demotic"},
["Egyh"] = {"Egyptian hieratic"},
["Egyp"] = {"Egyptian hieroglyphs"},
["Elba"] = {"Elbasan"},
["Elym"] = {"Elymaic"},
["Ethi"] = {"Ethiopic", "Geʻez", "Ge'ez"},
["Gara"] = {"Garay"},
["Geok"] = {"Khutsuri (Asomtavruli and Nuskhuri)"},
["Geor"] = {"Georgian (Mkhedruli and Mtavruli)"},
["Glag"] = {"Glagolitic"},
["Gong"] = {"Gunjala Gondi"},
["Gonm"] = {"Masaram Gondi"},
["Goth"] = {"Gothic"},
["Gran"] = {"Grantha"},
["Grek"] = {"Greek"},
["Gujr"] = {"Gujarati"},
["Gukh"] = {"Gurung Khema"},
["Guru"] = {"Gurmukhi"},
["Hanb"] = {"Han with Bopomofo (alias for Han + Bopomofo)"},
["Hang"] = {"Hangul", "Hangŭl", "Hangeul"},
["Hani"] = {"Han", "Hanzi", "Kanji", "Hanja"},
["Hano"] = {"Hanunoo", "Hanunóo"},
["Hans"] = {"Han (Simplified variant)"},
["Hant"] = {"Han (Traditional variant)"},
["Hatr"] = {"Hatran"},
["Hebr"] = {"Hebrew"},
["Hira"] = {"Hiragana"},
["Hluw"] = {"Anatolian Hieroglyphs", "Luwian Hieroglyphs", "Hittite Hieroglyphs"},
["Hmng"] = {"Pahawh Hmong"},
["Hmnp"] = {"Nyiakeng Puachue Hmong"},
["Hntl"] = {"Han (Traditional variant) with Latin (alias for Hant + Latn)"},
["Hrkt"] = {"Japanese syllabaries (alias for Hiragana + Katakana)"},
["Hung"] = {"Old Hungarian", "Hungarian Runic"},
["Inds"] = {"Indus", "Harappan"},
["Ital"] = {"Old Italic (Etruscan, Oscan, etc.)"},
["Jamo"] = {"Jamo (alias for Jamo subset of Hangul)"},
["Java"] = {"Javanese"},
["Jpan"] = {"Japanese (alias for Han + Hiragana + Katakana)"},
["Jurc"] = {"Jurchen"},
["Kali"] = {"Kayah Li"},
["Kana"] = {"Katakana"},
["Kawi"] = {"Kawi"},
["Khar"] = {"Kharoshthi"},
["Khmr"] = {"Khmer"},
["Khoj"] = {"Khojki"},
["Kitl"] = {"Khitan large script"},
["Kits"] = {"Khitan small script"},
["Knda"] = {"Kannada"},
["Kore"] = {"Korean (alias for Hangul + Han)"},
["Kpel"] = {"Kpelle"},
["Krai"] = {"Kirat Rai"},
["Kthi"] = {"Kaithi"},
["Lana"] = {"Tai Tham", "Lanna"},
["Laoo"] = {"Lao"},
["Latf"] = {"Latin (Fraktur variant)"},
["Latg"] = {"Latin (Gaelic variant)"},
["Latn"] = {"Latin"},
["Leke"] = {"Leke"},
["Lepc"] = {"Lepcha", "Róng"},
["Limb"] = {"Limbu"},
["Lina"] = {"Linear A"},
["Linb"] = {"Linear B"},
["Lisu"] = {"Lisu", "Fraser"},
["Loma"] = {"Loma"},
["Lyci"] = {"Lycian"},
["Lydi"] = {"Lydian"},
["Mahj"] = {"Mahajani"},
["Maka"] = {"Makasar"},
["Mand"] = {"Mandaic", "Mandaean"},
["Mani"] = {"Manichaean"},
["Marc"] = {"Marchen"},
["Maya"] = {"Mayan hieroglyphs"},
["Medf"] = {"Medefaidrin", "Oberi Okaime", "Oberi Ɔkaimɛ"},
["Mend"] = {"Mende Kikakui"},
["Merc"] = {"Meroitic Cursive"},
["Mero"] = {"Meroitic Hieroglyphs"},
["Mlym"] = {"Malayalam"},
["Modi"] = {"Modi", "Moḍī"},
["Mong"] = {"Mongolian"},
["Moon"] = {"Moon", "Moon code", "Moon script", "Moon type"},
["Mroo"] = {"Mro", "Mru"},
["Mtei"] = {"Meitei Mayek", "Meithei", "Meetei"},
["Mult"] = {"Multani"},
["Mymr"] = {"Myanmar", "Burmese"},
["Nagm"] = {"Nag Mundari"},
["Nand"] = {"Nandinagari"},
["Narb"] = {"Old North Arabian", "Ancient North Arabian"},
["Nbat"] = {"Nabataean"},
["Newa"] = {"Newa", "Newar", "Newari", "Nepāla lipi"},
["Nkdb"] = {"Naxi Dongba", "na²¹ɕi³³ to³³ba²¹", "Nakhi Tomba"},
["Nkgb"] = {"Naxi Geba", "na²¹ɕi³³ gʌ²¹ba²¹", "'Na-'Khi ²Ggŏ-¹baw", "Nakhi Geba"},
["Nkoo"] = {"N’Ko", "N'Ko"},
["Nshu"] = {"Nüshu"},
["Ogam"] = {"Ogham"},
["Olck"] = {"Ol Chiki", "Ol Cemet'", "Ol", "Santali"},
["Onao"] = {"Ol Onal"},
["Orkh"] = {"Old Turkic", "Orkhon Runic"},
["Orya"] = {"Oriya", "Odia"},
["Osge"] = {"Osage"},
["Osma"] = {"Osmanya"},
["Ougr"] = {"Old Uyghur"},
["Palm"] = {"Palmyrene"},
["Pauc"] = {"Pau Cin Hau"},
["Pcun"] = {"Proto-Cuneiform"},
["Pelm"] = {"Proto-Elamite"},
["Perm"] = {"Old Permic"},
["Phag"] = {"Phags-pa"},
["Phli"] = {"Inscriptional Pahlavi"},
["Phlp"] = {"Psalter Pahlavi"},
["Phlv"] = {"Book Pahlavi"},
["Phnx"] = {"Phoenician"},
["Piqd"] = {"Klingon (KLI pIqaD)"},
["Plrd"] = {"Miao", "Pollard"},
["Prti"] = {"Inscriptional Parthian"},
["Psin"] = {"Proto-Sinaitic"},
["Ranj"] = {"Ranjana"},
["Rjng"] = {"Rejang", "Redjang", "Kaganga"},
["Rohg"] = {"Hanifi Rohingya"},
["Roro"] = {"Rongorongo"},
["Runr"] = {"Runic"},
["Samr"] = {"Samaritan"},
["Sara"] = {"Sarati"},
["Sarb"] = {"Old South Arabian"},
["Saur"] = {"Saurashtra"},
["Seal"] = {"Seal", "Small Seal"},
["Sgnw"] = {"SignWriting"},
["Shaw"] = {"Shavian", "Shaw"},
["Shrd"] = {"Sharada", "Śāradā"},
["Shui"] = {"Shuishu"},
["Sidd"] = {"Siddham", "Siddhaṃ", "Siddhamātṛkā"},
["Sidt"] = {"Sidetic"},
["Sind"] = {"Khudawadi", "Sindhi"},
["Sinh"] = {"Sinhala"},
["Sogd"] = {"Sogdian"},
["Sogo"] = {"Old Sogdian"},
["Sora"] = {"Sora Sompeng"},
["Soyo"] = {"Soyombo"},
["Sund"] = {"Sundanese"},
["Sunu"] = {"Sunuwar"},
["Sylo"] = {"Syloti Nagri"},
["Syrc"] = {"Syriac"},
["Syre"] = {"Syriac (Estrangelo variant)"},
["Syrj"] = {"Syriac (Western variant)"},
["Syrn"] = {"Syriac (Eastern variant)"},
["Tagb"] = {"Tagbanwa"},
["Takr"] = {"Takri", "Ṭākrī", "Ṭāṅkrī"},
["Tale"] = {"Tai Le"},
["Talu"] = {"New Tai Lue"},
["Taml"] = {"Tamil"},
["Tang"] = {"Tangut"},
["Tavt"] = {"Tai Viet"},
["Tayo"] = {"Tai Yo"},
["Telu"] = {"Telugu"},
["Teng"] = {"Tengwar"},
["Tfng"] = {"Tifinagh", "Berber"},
["Tglg"] = {"Tagalog", "Baybayin", "Alibata"},
["Thaa"] = {"Thaana"},
["Thai"] = {"Thai"},
["Tibt"] = {"Tibetan"},
["Tirh"] = {"Tirhuta"},
["Tnsa"] = {"Tangsa"},
["Todr"] = {"Todhri"},
["Tols"] = {"Tolong Siki"},
["Toto"] = {"Toto"},
["Tutg"] = {"Tulu-Tigalari"},
["Ugar"] = {"Ugaritic"},
["Vaii"] = {"Vai"},
["Visp"] = {"Visible Speech"},
["Vith"] = {"Vithkuqi"},
["Wara"] = {"Warang Citi", "Varang Kshiti"},
["Wcho"] = {"Wancho"},
["Wole"] = {"Woleai"},
["Xpeo"] = {"Old Persian"},
["Xsux"] = {"Sumero-Akkadian cuneiform"},
["Yezi"] = {"Yezidi"},
["Yiii"] = {"Yi"},
["Zanb"] = {"Zanabazar Square", "Zanabazarin Dörböljin Useg", "Xewtee Dörböljin Bicig", "Horizontal Square Script"},
["Zinh"] = {"Code for inherited script"},
["Zmth"] = {"Mathematical notation"},
["Zsye"] = {"Symbols (Emoji variant)"},
["Zsym"] = {"Symbols"},
["Zxxx"] = {"Code for unwritten documents"},
["Zyyy"] = {"Code for undetermined script"},
["Zzzz"] = {"Code for uncoded script"}
}
opa2icedd77qcon6wkrhxtmgbquj2gt
ಮೋಡ್ಯೂಲ್:Lang/data/iana regions
828
18908
363560
359396
2026-06-22T16:56:30Z
en>Trappist the monk
0
update to 2026-06-14 data;
363560
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text/plain
-- File-Date: 2026-06-14
return {
["AC"] = {"Ascension Island"},
["AD"] = {"Andorra"},
["AE"] = {"United Arab Emirates"},
["AF"] = {"Afghanistan"},
["AG"] = {"Antigua and Barbuda"},
["AI"] = {"Anguilla"},
["AL"] = {"Albania"},
["AM"] = {"Armenia"},
["AO"] = {"Angola"},
["AQ"] = {"Antarctica"},
["AR"] = {"Argentina"},
["AS"] = {"American Samoa"},
["AT"] = {"Austria"},
["AU"] = {"Australia"},
["AW"] = {"Aruba"},
["AX"] = {"Åland Islands"},
["AZ"] = {"Azerbaijan"},
["BA"] = {"Bosnia and Herzegovina"},
["BB"] = {"Barbados"},
["BD"] = {"Bangladesh"},
["BE"] = {"Belgium"},
["BF"] = {"Burkina Faso"},
["BG"] = {"Bulgaria"},
["BH"] = {"Bahrain"},
["BI"] = {"Burundi"},
["BJ"] = {"Benin"},
["BL"] = {"Saint Barthélemy"},
["BM"] = {"Bermuda"},
["BN"] = {"Brunei Darussalam"},
["BO"] = {"Bolivia"},
["BQ"] = {"Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba"},
["BR"] = {"Brazil"},
["BS"] = {"Bahamas"},
["BT"] = {"Bhutan"},
["BV"] = {"Bouvet Island"},
["BW"] = {"Botswana"},
["BY"] = {"Belarus"},
["BZ"] = {"Belize"},
["CA"] = {"Canada"},
["CC"] = {"Cocos (Keeling) Islands"},
["CD"] = {"The Democratic Republic of the Congo"},
["CF"] = {"Central African Republic"},
["CG"] = {"Congo"},
["CH"] = {"Switzerland"},
["CI"] = {"Côte d'Ivoire"},
["CK"] = {"Cook Islands"},
["CL"] = {"Chile"},
["CM"] = {"Cameroon"},
["CN"] = {"China"},
["CO"] = {"Colombia"},
["CP"] = {"Clipperton Island"},
["CQ"] = {"Sark"},
["CR"] = {"Costa Rica"},
["CU"] = {"Cuba"},
["CV"] = {"Cabo Verde", "Cape Verde"},
["CW"] = {"Curaçao"},
["CX"] = {"Christmas Island"},
["CY"] = {"Cyprus"},
["CZ"] = {"Czechia", "Czech Republic"},
["DE"] = {"Germany"},
["DG"] = {"Diego Garcia"},
["DJ"] = {"Djibouti"},
["DK"] = {"Denmark"},
["DM"] = {"Dominica"},
["DO"] = {"Dominican Republic"},
["DZ"] = {"Algeria"},
["EA"] = {"Ceuta, Melilla"},
["EC"] = {"Ecuador"},
["EE"] = {"Estonia"},
["EG"] = {"Egypt"},
["EH"] = {"Western Sahara"},
["ER"] = {"Eritrea"},
["ES"] = {"Spain"},
["ET"] = {"Ethiopia"},
["EU"] = {"European Union"},
["EZ"] = {"Eurozone"},
["FI"] = {"Finland"},
["FJ"] = {"Fiji"},
["FK"] = {"Falkland Islands (Malvinas)"},
["FM"] = {"Federated States of Micronesia"},
["FO"] = {"Faroe Islands"},
["FR"] = {"France"},
["GA"] = {"Gabon"},
["GB"] = {"United Kingdom"},
["GD"] = {"Grenada"},
["GE"] = {"Georgia"},
["GF"] = {"French Guiana"},
["GG"] = {"Guernsey"},
["GH"] = {"Ghana"},
["GI"] = {"Gibraltar"},
["GL"] = {"Greenland"},
["GM"] = {"Gambia"},
["GN"] = {"Guinea"},
["GP"] = {"Guadeloupe"},
["GQ"] = {"Equatorial Guinea"},
["GR"] = {"Greece"},
["GS"] = {"South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands"},
["GT"] = {"Guatemala"},
["GU"] = {"Guam"},
["GW"] = {"Guinea-Bissau"},
["GY"] = {"Guyana"},
["HK"] = {"Hong Kong"},
["HM"] = {"Heard Island and McDonald Islands"},
["HN"] = {"Honduras"},
["HR"] = {"Croatia"},
["HT"] = {"Haiti"},
["HU"] = {"Hungary"},
["IC"] = {"Canary Islands"},
["ID"] = {"Indonesia"},
["IE"] = {"Ireland"},
["IL"] = {"Israel"},
["IM"] = {"Isle of Man"},
["IN"] = {"India"},
["IO"] = {"British Indian Ocean Territory"},
["IQ"] = {"Iraq"},
["IR"] = {"Islamic Republic of Iran"},
["IS"] = {"Iceland"},
["IT"] = {"Italy"},
["JE"] = {"Jersey"},
["JM"] = {"Jamaica"},
["JO"] = {"Jordan"},
["JP"] = {"Japan"},
["KE"] = {"Kenya"},
["KG"] = {"Kyrgyzstan"},
["KH"] = {"Cambodia"},
["KI"] = {"Kiribati"},
["KM"] = {"Comoros"},
["KN"] = {"Saint Kitts and Nevis"},
["KP"] = {"Democratic People's Republic of Korea"},
["KR"] = {"Republic of Korea"},
["KW"] = {"Kuwait"},
["KY"] = {"Cayman Islands"},
["KZ"] = {"Kazakhstan"},
["LA"] = {"Lao People's Democratic Republic"},
["LB"] = {"Lebanon"},
["LC"] = {"Saint Lucia"},
["LI"] = {"Liechtenstein"},
["LK"] = {"Sri Lanka"},
["LR"] = {"Liberia"},
["LS"] = {"Lesotho"},
["LT"] = {"Lithuania"},
["LU"] = {"Luxembourg"},
["LV"] = {"Latvia"},
["LY"] = {"Libya"},
["MA"] = {"Morocco"},
["MC"] = {"Monaco"},
["MD"] = {"Moldova"},
["ME"] = {"Montenegro"},
["MF"] = {"Saint Martin (French part)"},
["MG"] = {"Madagascar"},
["MH"] = {"Marshall Islands"},
["MK"] = {"North Macedonia"},
["ML"] = {"Mali"},
["MM"] = {"Myanmar"},
["MN"] = {"Mongolia"},
["MO"] = {"Macao"},
["MP"] = {"Northern Mariana Islands"},
["MQ"] = {"Martinique"},
["MR"] = {"Mauritania"},
["MS"] = {"Montserrat"},
["MT"] = {"Malta"},
["MU"] = {"Mauritius"},
["MV"] = {"Maldives"},
["MW"] = {"Malawi"},
["MX"] = {"Mexico"},
["MY"] = {"Malaysia"},
["MZ"] = {"Mozambique"},
["NA"] = {"Namibia"},
["NC"] = {"New Caledonia"},
["NE"] = {"Niger"},
["NF"] = {"Norfolk Island"},
["NG"] = {"Nigeria"},
["NI"] = {"Nicaragua"},
["NL"] = {"Netherlands"},
["NO"] = {"Norway"},
["NP"] = {"Nepal"},
["NR"] = {"Nauru"},
["NU"] = {"Niue"},
["NZ"] = {"New Zealand"},
["OM"] = {"Oman"},
["PA"] = {"Panama"},
["PE"] = {"Peru"},
["PF"] = {"French Polynesia"},
["PG"] = {"Papua New Guinea"},
["PH"] = {"Philippines"},
["PK"] = {"Pakistan"},
["PL"] = {"Poland"},
["PM"] = {"Saint Pierre and Miquelon"},
["PN"] = {"Pitcairn"},
["PR"] = {"Puerto Rico"},
["PS"] = {"State of Palestine"},
["PT"] = {"Portugal"},
["PW"] = {"Palau"},
["PY"] = {"Paraguay"},
["QA"] = {"Qatar"},
["RE"] = {"Réunion"},
["RO"] = {"Romania"},
["RS"] = {"Serbia"},
["RU"] = {"Russian Federation"},
["RW"] = {"Rwanda"},
["SA"] = {"Saudi Arabia"},
["SB"] = {"Solomon Islands"},
["SC"] = {"Seychelles"},
["SD"] = {"Sudan"},
["SE"] = {"Sweden"},
["SG"] = {"Singapore"},
["SH"] = {"Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha"},
["SI"] = {"Slovenia"},
["SJ"] = {"Svalbard and Jan Mayen"},
["SK"] = {"Slovakia"},
["SL"] = {"Sierra Leone"},
["SM"] = {"San Marino"},
["SN"] = {"Senegal"},
["SO"] = {"Somalia"},
["SR"] = {"Suriname"},
["SS"] = {"South Sudan"},
["ST"] = {"Sao Tome and Principe"},
["SV"] = {"El Salvador"},
["SX"] = {"Sint Maarten (Dutch part)"},
["SY"] = {"Syrian Arab Republic"},
["SZ"] = {"Eswatini", "eSwatini", "Swaziland"},
["TA"] = {"Tristan da Cunha"},
["TC"] = {"Turks and Caicos Islands"},
["TD"] = {"Chad"},
["TF"] = {"French Southern Territories"},
["TG"] = {"Togo"},
["TH"] = {"Thailand"},
["TJ"] = {"Tajikistan"},
["TK"] = {"Tokelau"},
["TL"] = {"Timor-Leste"},
["TM"] = {"Turkmenistan"},
["TN"] = {"Tunisia"},
["TO"] = {"Tonga"},
["TR"] = {"Türkiye", "Turkey"},
["TT"] = {"Trinidad and Tobago"},
["TV"] = {"Tuvalu"},
["TW"] = {"Taiwan, Province of China"},
["TZ"] = {"United Republic of Tanzania"},
["UA"] = {"Ukraine"},
["UG"] = {"Uganda"},
["UM"] = {"United States Minor Outlying Islands"},
["UN"] = {"United Nations"},
["US"] = {"United States"},
["UY"] = {"Uruguay"},
["UZ"] = {"Uzbekistan"},
["VA"] = {"Holy See (Vatican City State)"},
["VC"] = {"Saint Vincent and the Grenadines"},
["VE"] = {"Venezuela"},
["VG"] = {"British Virgin Islands"},
["VI"] = {"U.S. Virgin Islands"},
["VN"] = {"Viet Nam"},
["VU"] = {"Vanuatu"},
["WF"] = {"Wallis and Futuna"},
["WS"] = {"Samoa"},
["YE"] = {"Yemen"},
["YT"] = {"Mayotte"},
["ZA"] = {"South Africa"},
["ZM"] = {"Zambia"},
["ZW"] = {"Zimbabwe"},
["001"] = {"World"},
["002"] = {"Africa"},
["003"] = {"North America"},
["005"] = {"South America"},
["009"] = {"Oceania"},
["011"] = {"Western Africa"},
["013"] = {"Central America"},
["014"] = {"Eastern Africa"},
["015"] = {"Northern Africa"},
["017"] = {"Middle Africa"},
["018"] = {"Southern Africa"},
["019"] = {"Americas"},
["021"] = {"Northern America"},
["029"] = {"Caribbean"},
["030"] = {"Eastern Asia"},
["034"] = {"Southern Asia"},
["035"] = {"South-Eastern Asia"},
["039"] = {"Southern Europe"},
["053"] = {"Australia and New Zealand"},
["054"] = {"Melanesia"},
["057"] = {"Micronesia"},
["061"] = {"Polynesia"},
["142"] = {"Asia"},
["143"] = {"Central Asia"},
["145"] = {"Western Asia"},
["150"] = {"Europe"},
["151"] = {"Eastern Europe"},
["154"] = {"Northern Europe"},
["155"] = {"Western Europe"},
["202"] = {"Sub-Saharan Africa"},
["419"] = {"Latin America and the Caribbean"}
}
az5uweykk88bvuuol7yikutrw3jafzq
363561
363560
2026-07-30T15:36:34Z
ChiK
1136
೧ revisions imported from [[:en:Module:Lang/data/iana_regions]]
363560
Scribunto
text/plain
-- File-Date: 2026-06-14
return {
["AC"] = {"Ascension Island"},
["AD"] = {"Andorra"},
["AE"] = {"United Arab Emirates"},
["AF"] = {"Afghanistan"},
["AG"] = {"Antigua and Barbuda"},
["AI"] = {"Anguilla"},
["AL"] = {"Albania"},
["AM"] = {"Armenia"},
["AO"] = {"Angola"},
["AQ"] = {"Antarctica"},
["AR"] = {"Argentina"},
["AS"] = {"American Samoa"},
["AT"] = {"Austria"},
["AU"] = {"Australia"},
["AW"] = {"Aruba"},
["AX"] = {"Åland Islands"},
["AZ"] = {"Azerbaijan"},
["BA"] = {"Bosnia and Herzegovina"},
["BB"] = {"Barbados"},
["BD"] = {"Bangladesh"},
["BE"] = {"Belgium"},
["BF"] = {"Burkina Faso"},
["BG"] = {"Bulgaria"},
["BH"] = {"Bahrain"},
["BI"] = {"Burundi"},
["BJ"] = {"Benin"},
["BL"] = {"Saint Barthélemy"},
["BM"] = {"Bermuda"},
["BN"] = {"Brunei Darussalam"},
["BO"] = {"Bolivia"},
["BQ"] = {"Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba"},
["BR"] = {"Brazil"},
["BS"] = {"Bahamas"},
["BT"] = {"Bhutan"},
["BV"] = {"Bouvet Island"},
["BW"] = {"Botswana"},
["BY"] = {"Belarus"},
["BZ"] = {"Belize"},
["CA"] = {"Canada"},
["CC"] = {"Cocos (Keeling) Islands"},
["CD"] = {"The Democratic Republic of the Congo"},
["CF"] = {"Central African Republic"},
["CG"] = {"Congo"},
["CH"] = {"Switzerland"},
["CI"] = {"Côte d'Ivoire"},
["CK"] = {"Cook Islands"},
["CL"] = {"Chile"},
["CM"] = {"Cameroon"},
["CN"] = {"China"},
["CO"] = {"Colombia"},
["CP"] = {"Clipperton Island"},
["CQ"] = {"Sark"},
["CR"] = {"Costa Rica"},
["CU"] = {"Cuba"},
["CV"] = {"Cabo Verde", "Cape Verde"},
["CW"] = {"Curaçao"},
["CX"] = {"Christmas Island"},
["CY"] = {"Cyprus"},
["CZ"] = {"Czechia", "Czech Republic"},
["DE"] = {"Germany"},
["DG"] = {"Diego Garcia"},
["DJ"] = {"Djibouti"},
["DK"] = {"Denmark"},
["DM"] = {"Dominica"},
["DO"] = {"Dominican Republic"},
["DZ"] = {"Algeria"},
["EA"] = {"Ceuta, Melilla"},
["EC"] = {"Ecuador"},
["EE"] = {"Estonia"},
["EG"] = {"Egypt"},
["EH"] = {"Western Sahara"},
["ER"] = {"Eritrea"},
["ES"] = {"Spain"},
["ET"] = {"Ethiopia"},
["EU"] = {"European Union"},
["EZ"] = {"Eurozone"},
["FI"] = {"Finland"},
["FJ"] = {"Fiji"},
["FK"] = {"Falkland Islands (Malvinas)"},
["FM"] = {"Federated States of Micronesia"},
["FO"] = {"Faroe Islands"},
["FR"] = {"France"},
["GA"] = {"Gabon"},
["GB"] = {"United Kingdom"},
["GD"] = {"Grenada"},
["GE"] = {"Georgia"},
["GF"] = {"French Guiana"},
["GG"] = {"Guernsey"},
["GH"] = {"Ghana"},
["GI"] = {"Gibraltar"},
["GL"] = {"Greenland"},
["GM"] = {"Gambia"},
["GN"] = {"Guinea"},
["GP"] = {"Guadeloupe"},
["GQ"] = {"Equatorial Guinea"},
["GR"] = {"Greece"},
["GS"] = {"South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands"},
["GT"] = {"Guatemala"},
["GU"] = {"Guam"},
["GW"] = {"Guinea-Bissau"},
["GY"] = {"Guyana"},
["HK"] = {"Hong Kong"},
["HM"] = {"Heard Island and McDonald Islands"},
["HN"] = {"Honduras"},
["HR"] = {"Croatia"},
["HT"] = {"Haiti"},
["HU"] = {"Hungary"},
["IC"] = {"Canary Islands"},
["ID"] = {"Indonesia"},
["IE"] = {"Ireland"},
["IL"] = {"Israel"},
["IM"] = {"Isle of Man"},
["IN"] = {"India"},
["IO"] = {"British Indian Ocean Territory"},
["IQ"] = {"Iraq"},
["IR"] = {"Islamic Republic of Iran"},
["IS"] = {"Iceland"},
["IT"] = {"Italy"},
["JE"] = {"Jersey"},
["JM"] = {"Jamaica"},
["JO"] = {"Jordan"},
["JP"] = {"Japan"},
["KE"] = {"Kenya"},
["KG"] = {"Kyrgyzstan"},
["KH"] = {"Cambodia"},
["KI"] = {"Kiribati"},
["KM"] = {"Comoros"},
["KN"] = {"Saint Kitts and Nevis"},
["KP"] = {"Democratic People's Republic of Korea"},
["KR"] = {"Republic of Korea"},
["KW"] = {"Kuwait"},
["KY"] = {"Cayman Islands"},
["KZ"] = {"Kazakhstan"},
["LA"] = {"Lao People's Democratic Republic"},
["LB"] = {"Lebanon"},
["LC"] = {"Saint Lucia"},
["LI"] = {"Liechtenstein"},
["LK"] = {"Sri Lanka"},
["LR"] = {"Liberia"},
["LS"] = {"Lesotho"},
["LT"] = {"Lithuania"},
["LU"] = {"Luxembourg"},
["LV"] = {"Latvia"},
["LY"] = {"Libya"},
["MA"] = {"Morocco"},
["MC"] = {"Monaco"},
["MD"] = {"Moldova"},
["ME"] = {"Montenegro"},
["MF"] = {"Saint Martin (French part)"},
["MG"] = {"Madagascar"},
["MH"] = {"Marshall Islands"},
["MK"] = {"North Macedonia"},
["ML"] = {"Mali"},
["MM"] = {"Myanmar"},
["MN"] = {"Mongolia"},
["MO"] = {"Macao"},
["MP"] = {"Northern Mariana Islands"},
["MQ"] = {"Martinique"},
["MR"] = {"Mauritania"},
["MS"] = {"Montserrat"},
["MT"] = {"Malta"},
["MU"] = {"Mauritius"},
["MV"] = {"Maldives"},
["MW"] = {"Malawi"},
["MX"] = {"Mexico"},
["MY"] = {"Malaysia"},
["MZ"] = {"Mozambique"},
["NA"] = {"Namibia"},
["NC"] = {"New Caledonia"},
["NE"] = {"Niger"},
["NF"] = {"Norfolk Island"},
["NG"] = {"Nigeria"},
["NI"] = {"Nicaragua"},
["NL"] = {"Netherlands"},
["NO"] = {"Norway"},
["NP"] = {"Nepal"},
["NR"] = {"Nauru"},
["NU"] = {"Niue"},
["NZ"] = {"New Zealand"},
["OM"] = {"Oman"},
["PA"] = {"Panama"},
["PE"] = {"Peru"},
["PF"] = {"French Polynesia"},
["PG"] = {"Papua New Guinea"},
["PH"] = {"Philippines"},
["PK"] = {"Pakistan"},
["PL"] = {"Poland"},
["PM"] = {"Saint Pierre and Miquelon"},
["PN"] = {"Pitcairn"},
["PR"] = {"Puerto Rico"},
["PS"] = {"State of Palestine"},
["PT"] = {"Portugal"},
["PW"] = {"Palau"},
["PY"] = {"Paraguay"},
["QA"] = {"Qatar"},
["RE"] = {"Réunion"},
["RO"] = {"Romania"},
["RS"] = {"Serbia"},
["RU"] = {"Russian Federation"},
["RW"] = {"Rwanda"},
["SA"] = {"Saudi Arabia"},
["SB"] = {"Solomon Islands"},
["SC"] = {"Seychelles"},
["SD"] = {"Sudan"},
["SE"] = {"Sweden"},
["SG"] = {"Singapore"},
["SH"] = {"Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha"},
["SI"] = {"Slovenia"},
["SJ"] = {"Svalbard and Jan Mayen"},
["SK"] = {"Slovakia"},
["SL"] = {"Sierra Leone"},
["SM"] = {"San Marino"},
["SN"] = {"Senegal"},
["SO"] = {"Somalia"},
["SR"] = {"Suriname"},
["SS"] = {"South Sudan"},
["ST"] = {"Sao Tome and Principe"},
["SV"] = {"El Salvador"},
["SX"] = {"Sint Maarten (Dutch part)"},
["SY"] = {"Syrian Arab Republic"},
["SZ"] = {"Eswatini", "eSwatini", "Swaziland"},
["TA"] = {"Tristan da Cunha"},
["TC"] = {"Turks and Caicos Islands"},
["TD"] = {"Chad"},
["TF"] = {"French Southern Territories"},
["TG"] = {"Togo"},
["TH"] = {"Thailand"},
["TJ"] = {"Tajikistan"},
["TK"] = {"Tokelau"},
["TL"] = {"Timor-Leste"},
["TM"] = {"Turkmenistan"},
["TN"] = {"Tunisia"},
["TO"] = {"Tonga"},
["TR"] = {"Türkiye", "Turkey"},
["TT"] = {"Trinidad and Tobago"},
["TV"] = {"Tuvalu"},
["TW"] = {"Taiwan, Province of China"},
["TZ"] = {"United Republic of Tanzania"},
["UA"] = {"Ukraine"},
["UG"] = {"Uganda"},
["UM"] = {"United States Minor Outlying Islands"},
["UN"] = {"United Nations"},
["US"] = {"United States"},
["UY"] = {"Uruguay"},
["UZ"] = {"Uzbekistan"},
["VA"] = {"Holy See (Vatican City State)"},
["VC"] = {"Saint Vincent and the Grenadines"},
["VE"] = {"Venezuela"},
["VG"] = {"British Virgin Islands"},
["VI"] = {"U.S. Virgin Islands"},
["VN"] = {"Viet Nam"},
["VU"] = {"Vanuatu"},
["WF"] = {"Wallis and Futuna"},
["WS"] = {"Samoa"},
["YE"] = {"Yemen"},
["YT"] = {"Mayotte"},
["ZA"] = {"South Africa"},
["ZM"] = {"Zambia"},
["ZW"] = {"Zimbabwe"},
["001"] = {"World"},
["002"] = {"Africa"},
["003"] = {"North America"},
["005"] = {"South America"},
["009"] = {"Oceania"},
["011"] = {"Western Africa"},
["013"] = {"Central America"},
["014"] = {"Eastern Africa"},
["015"] = {"Northern Africa"},
["017"] = {"Middle Africa"},
["018"] = {"Southern Africa"},
["019"] = {"Americas"},
["021"] = {"Northern America"},
["029"] = {"Caribbean"},
["030"] = {"Eastern Asia"},
["034"] = {"Southern Asia"},
["035"] = {"South-Eastern Asia"},
["039"] = {"Southern Europe"},
["053"] = {"Australia and New Zealand"},
["054"] = {"Melanesia"},
["057"] = {"Micronesia"},
["061"] = {"Polynesia"},
["142"] = {"Asia"},
["143"] = {"Central Asia"},
["145"] = {"Western Asia"},
["150"] = {"Europe"},
["151"] = {"Eastern Europe"},
["154"] = {"Northern Europe"},
["155"] = {"Western Europe"},
["202"] = {"Sub-Saharan Africa"},
["419"] = {"Latin America and the Caribbean"}
}
az5uweykk88bvuuol7yikutrw3jafzq
ಮೋಡ್ಯೂಲ್:Lang/data/iana variants
828
18909
363562
359398
2026-06-22T16:56:54Z
en>Trappist the monk
0
update to 2026-06-14 data;
363562
Scribunto
text/plain
-- File-Date: 2026-06-14
return {
["1606nict"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Late Middle French (to 1606)"},
["prefixes"] = {"frm"},
},
["1694acad"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Early Modern French"},
["prefixes"] = {"fr"},
},
["1901"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Traditional German orthography"},
["prefixes"] = {"de"},
},
["1959acad"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"\"Academic\" (\"governmental\") variant of Belarusian as codified in 1959"},
["prefixes"] = {"be"},
},
["1994"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Standardized Resian orthography"},
["prefixes"] = {"sl-rozaj", "sl-rozaj-biske", "sl-rozaj-njiva", "sl-rozaj-osojs", "sl-rozaj-solba"},
},
["1996"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"German orthography of 1996"},
["prefixes"] = {"de"},
},
["abl1943"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Orthographic formulation of 1943 - Official in Brazil (Formulário Ortográfico de 1943 - Oficial no Brasil)"},
["prefixes"] = {"pt-br"},
},
["akhmimic"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Akhmimic dialect of Coptic"},
["prefixes"] = {"cop"},
},
["akuapem"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Akuapem Twi"},
["prefixes"] = {"tw"},
},
["alalc97"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"ALA-LC Romanization, 1997 edition"},
["prefixes"] = {},
},
["aluku"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Aluku dialect", "Boni dialect"},
["prefixes"] = {"djk"},
},
["anpezo"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Anpezo standard of Ladin"},
["prefixes"] = {"lld"},
},
["ao1990"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Portuguese Language Orthographic Agreement of 1990 (Acordo Ortográfico da Língua Portuguesa de 1990)"},
["prefixes"] = {"pt", "gl"},
},
["aranes"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Aranese"},
["prefixes"] = {"oc"},
},
["arkaika"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Arcaicam Esperantom", "Arkaika Esperanto"},
["prefixes"] = {"eo"},
},
["asante"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Asante Twi", "Ashanti Twi"},
["prefixes"] = {"tw"},
},
["auvern"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Auvergnat"},
["prefixes"] = {"oc"},
},
["baku1926"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Unified Turkic Latin Alphabet (Historical)"},
["prefixes"] = {"az", "ba", "crh", "kk", "krc", "ky", "sah", "tk", "tt", "uz"},
},
["balanka"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The Balanka dialect of Anii"},
["prefixes"] = {"blo"},
},
["barla"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The Barlavento dialect group of Kabuverdianu"},
["prefixes"] = {"kea"},
},
["basiceng"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Basic English"},
["prefixes"] = {"en"},
},
["bauddha"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit"},
["prefixes"] = {"sa"},
},
["bciav"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"BCI Blissymbolics AV"},
["prefixes"] = {"zbl"},
},
["bcizbl"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"BCI Blissymbolics"},
["prefixes"] = {"zbl"},
},
["biscayan"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Biscayan dialect of Basque"},
["prefixes"] = {"eu"},
},
["biske"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The San Giorgio dialect of Resian", "The Bila dialect of Resian"},
["prefixes"] = {"sl-rozaj"},
},
["blasl"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Black American Sign Language dialect"},
["prefixes"] = {"ase", "sgn-ase"},
},
["bohairic"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Bohairic dialect of Coptic"},
["prefixes"] = {"cop"},
},
["bohoric"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Slovene in Bohorič alphabet"},
["prefixes"] = {"sl"},
},
["boont"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Boontling"},
["prefixes"] = {"en"},
},
["bornholm"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Bornholmsk"},
["prefixes"] = {"da"},
},
["cisaup"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Cisalpine"},
["prefixes"] = {"oc"},
},
["colb1945"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Portuguese-Brazilian Orthographic Convention of 1945 (Convenção Ortográfica Luso-Brasileira de 1945)"},
["prefixes"] = {"pt"},
},
["cornu"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Cornu-English", "Cornish English", "Anglo-Cornish"},
["prefixes"] = {"en"},
},
["creiss"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Occitan variants of the Croissant area"},
["prefixes"] = {"oc"},
},
["dajnko"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Slovene in Dajnko alphabet"},
["prefixes"] = {"sl"},
},
["ekavsk"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Serbian with Ekavian pronunciation"},
["prefixes"] = {"sr", "sr-latn", "sr-cyrl"},
},
["emodeng"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Early Modern English (1500-1700)"},
["prefixes"] = {"en"},
},
["fascia"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Fascia standard of Ladin"},
["prefixes"] = {"lld"},
},
["fayyumic"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Fayyumic dialect of Coptic"},
["prefixes"] = {"cop"},
},
["fodom"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Fodom standard of Ladin"},
["prefixes"] = {"lld"},
},
["fonipa"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"International Phonetic Alphabet"},
["prefixes"] = {},
},
["fonkirsh"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Kirshenbaum Phonetic Alphabet"},
["prefixes"] = {},
},
["fonnapa"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"North American Phonetic Alphabet", "Americanist Phonetic Notation"},
["prefixes"] = {},
},
["fonupa"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Uralic Phonetic Alphabet"},
["prefixes"] = {},
},
["fonxsamp"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"X-SAMPA transcription"},
["prefixes"] = {},
},
["gallo"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Gallo"},
["prefixes"] = {"fr"},
},
["gascon"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Gascon"},
["prefixes"] = {"oc"},
},
["gherd"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Gherdëina standard of Ladin"},
["prefixes"] = {"lld"},
},
["grclass"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Classical Occitan orthography"},
["prefixes"] = {"oc", "oc-aranes", "oc-auvern", "oc-cisaup", "oc-creiss", "oc-gascon", "oc-lemosin", "oc-lengadoc", "oc-nicard", "oc-provenc", "oc-vivaraup"},
},
["grital"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Italian-inspired Occitan orthography"},
["prefixes"] = {"oc", "oc-cisaup", "oc-nicard", "oc-provenc"},
},
["grmistr"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Mistralian or Mistralian-inspired Occitan orthography"},
["prefixes"] = {"oc", "oc-aranes", "oc-auvern", "oc-cisaup", "oc-creiss", "oc-gascon", "oc-lemosin", "oc-lengadoc", "oc-nicard", "oc-provenc", "oc-vivaraup"},
},
["hanoi"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The Hà Nội variant of Vietnamese"},
["prefixes"] = {"vi"},
},
["hepburn"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Hepburn romanization"},
["prefixes"] = {"ja-latn"},
},
["hognorsk"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Norwegian in Høgnorsk (High Norwegian) orthography"},
["prefixes"] = {"nn"},
},
["hsistemo"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Standard H-system orthographic fallback for spelling Esperanto"},
["prefixes"] = {"eo"},
},
["huett"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The Huế (province Thừa Thiên) variant of Vietnamese"},
["prefixes"] = {"vi"},
},
["ijekavsk"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Serbian with Ijekavian pronunciation"},
["prefixes"] = {"sr", "sr-latn", "sr-cyrl"},
},
["itihasa"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Epic Sanskrit"},
["prefixes"] = {"sa"},
},
["ivanchov"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Bulgarian in 1899 orthography"},
["prefixes"] = {"bg"},
},
["jauer"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Jauer dialect of Romansh"},
["prefixes"] = {"rm"},
},
["jyutping"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Jyutping Cantonese Romanization"},
["prefixes"] = {"yue"},
},
["kkcor"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Common Cornish orthography of Revived Cornish"},
["prefixes"] = {"kw"},
},
["kleinsch"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Kleinschmidt orthography", "Allattaasitaamut"},
["prefixes"] = {"kl", "kl-tunumiit"},
},
["kociewie"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The Kociewie dialect of Polish"},
["prefixes"] = {"pl"},
},
["kscor"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Standard Cornish orthography of Revived Cornish", "Kernowek Standard"},
["prefixes"] = {"kw"},
},
["leidentr"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Ancient Egyptian in Leiden Unified Transliteration"},
["prefixes"] = {"egy"},
},
["lemosin"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Limousin"},
["prefixes"] = {"oc"},
},
["lengadoc"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Languedocien"},
["prefixes"] = {"oc"},
},
["lipaw"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The Lipovaz dialect of Resian", "The Lipovec dialect of Resian"},
["prefixes"] = {"sl-rozaj"},
},
["ltg1929"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The Latgalian language orthography codified in 1929"},
["prefixes"] = {"ltg"},
},
["ltg2007"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The Latgalian language orthography codified in the language law in 2007"},
["prefixes"] = {"ltg"},
},
["luna1918"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Post-1917 Russian orthography"},
["prefixes"] = {"ru"},
},
["lycopol"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Lycopolitan alias Subakhmimic dialect of Coptic"},
["prefixes"] = {"cop"},
},
["mdcegyp"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs encoded in Manuel de Codage"},
["prefixes"] = {"egy"},
},
["mdctrans"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Ancient Egyptian transliteration encoded in Manuel de Codage"},
["prefixes"] = {"egy"},
},
["mesokem"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Mesokemic alias Oxyrhynchite dialect of Coptic"},
["prefixes"] = {"cop"},
},
["metelko"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Slovene in Metelko alphabet"},
["prefixes"] = {"sl"},
},
["moderat"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The moderate (conservative, i.e. Danish-like) spelling variant of Bokmål"},
["prefixes"] = {"nb"},
},
["monoton"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Monotonic Greek"},
["prefixes"] = {"el"},
},
["ndyuka"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Ndyuka dialect", "Aukan dialect"},
["prefixes"] = {"djk"},
},
["nedis"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Natisone dialect", "Nadiza dialect"},
["prefixes"] = {"sl"},
},
["newfound"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Newfoundland English"},
["prefixes"] = {"en-ca"},
},
["nicard"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Niçard"},
["prefixes"] = {"oc"},
},
["njiva"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The Gniva dialect of Resian", "The Njiva dialect of Resian"},
["prefixes"] = {"sl-rozaj"},
},
["nulik"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Volapük nulik", "Volapük perevidöl", "Volapük nulädik", "de Jong's Volapük", "New Volapük", "Revised Volapük", "Modern Volapük"},
["prefixes"] = {"vo"},
},
["osojs"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The Oseacco dialect of Resian", "The Osojane dialect of Resian"},
["prefixes"] = {"sl-rozaj"},
},
["oxendict"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Oxford English Dictionary spelling"},
["prefixes"] = {"en"},
},
["pahawh2"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Pahawh Hmong Second Stage Reduced orthography"},
["prefixes"] = {"mww", "hnj"},
},
["pahawh3"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Pahawh Hmong Third Stage Reduced orthography"},
["prefixes"] = {"mww", "hnj"},
},
["pahawh4"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Pahawh Hmong Final Version orthography"},
["prefixes"] = {"mww", "hnj"},
},
["pamaka"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Pamaka dialect"},
["prefixes"] = {"djk"},
},
["peano"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Latino Sine Flexione", "Interlingua de API", "Interlingua de Peano"},
["prefixes"] = {"la"},
},
["pehoeji"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Hokkien Vernacular Romanization System", "Pe̍h-ōe-jī orthography/romanization"},
["prefixes"] = {"nan-latn"},
},
["petr1708"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Petrine orthography"},
["prefixes"] = {"ru"},
},
["pinyin"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Pinyin romanization"},
["prefixes"] = {"zh-latn", "bo-latn"},
},
["polyton"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Polytonic Greek"},
["prefixes"] = {"el"},
},
["provenc"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Provençal"},
["prefixes"] = {"oc"},
},
["puter"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Puter idiom of Romansh"},
["prefixes"] = {"rm"},
},
["radikalt"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Radical (i.e. Nynorsk-like) spelling variant of Bokmål"},
["prefixes"] = {"nb"},
},
["rigik"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Volapük rigik", "Schleyer's Volapük", "Original Volapük", "Classic Volapük"},
["prefixes"] = {"vo"},
},
["rozaj"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Resian", "Resianic", "Rezijan"},
["prefixes"] = {"sl"},
},
["rumgr"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Rumantsch Grischun"},
["prefixes"] = {"rm"},
},
["sahidic"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Sahidic dialect of Coptic"},
["prefixes"] = {"cop"},
},
["saigon"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The Sài Gòn variant of Vietnamese"},
["prefixes"] = {"vi"},
},
["scotland"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Scottish Standard English"},
["prefixes"] = {"en"},
},
["scouse"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Scouse"},
["prefixes"] = {"en"},
},
["simple"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Simplified form"},
["prefixes"] = {},
},
["slepe"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Sorbian dialect of Schleife"},
["prefixes"] = {"dsb"},
},
["solba"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The Stolvizza dialect of Resian", "The Solbica dialect of Resian"},
["prefixes"] = {"sl-rozaj"},
},
["sotav"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The Sotavento dialect group of Kabuverdianu"},
["prefixes"] = {"kea"},
},
["spanglis"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Spanglish"},
["prefixes"] = {"en", "es"},
},
["stadi"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The \"Stadin slangi\" dialect of Finnish"},
["prefixes"] = {"fi"},
},
["surmiran"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Surmiran idiom of Romansh"},
["prefixes"] = {"rm"},
},
["sursilv"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Sursilvan idiom of Romansh"},
["prefixes"] = {"rm"},
},
["sutsilv"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Sutsilvan idiom of Romansh"},
["prefixes"] = {"rm"},
},
["synnejyl"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Synnejysk", "South Jutish"},
["prefixes"] = {"da"},
},
["taglish"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Tagalog-English code-switching"},
["prefixes"] = {"en", "tl", "fil"},
},
["tailo"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Taiwanese Hokkien Romanization System for Hokkien languages", "Tâi-lô orthography/romanization"},
["prefixes"] = {"nan-latn"},
},
["tarask"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Belarusian in Taraskievica orthography"},
["prefixes"] = {"be"},
},
["tongyong"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Tongyong Pinyin romanization"},
["prefixes"] = {"zh-latn"},
},
["tunumiit"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Tunumiisiut", "East Greenlandic", "Østgrønlandsk"},
["prefixes"] = {"kl"},
},
["uccor"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Unified Cornish orthography of Revived Cornish"},
["prefixes"] = {"kw"},
},
["ucrcor"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Unified Cornish Revised orthography of Revived Cornish"},
["prefixes"] = {"kw"},
},
["ulster"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Ulster dialect of Scots"},
["prefixes"] = {"sco"},
},
["unifon"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Unifon phonetic alphabet"},
["prefixes"] = {"en", "hup", "kyh", "tol", "yur"},
},
["valbadia"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Val Badia standard of Ladin"},
["prefixes"] = {"lld"},
},
["valencia"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Valencian"},
["prefixes"] = {"ca"},
},
["vallader"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Vallader idiom of Romansh"},
["prefixes"] = {"rm"},
},
["vecdruka"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Latvian orthography used before 1920s (\"vecā druka\")"},
["prefixes"] = {"lv"},
},
["viennese"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The Viennese dialect of German"},
["prefixes"] = {"de"},
},
["vivaraup"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Vivaro-Alpine"},
["prefixes"] = {"oc"},
},
["wadegile"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Wade-Giles romanization"},
["prefixes"] = {"zh-latn"},
},
["xsistemo"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Standard X-system orthographic fallback for spelling Esperanto"},
["prefixes"] = {"eo"},
}
}
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೧ revisions imported from [[:en:Module:Lang/data/iana_variants]]
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text/plain
-- File-Date: 2026-06-14
return {
["1606nict"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Late Middle French (to 1606)"},
["prefixes"] = {"frm"},
},
["1694acad"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Early Modern French"},
["prefixes"] = {"fr"},
},
["1901"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Traditional German orthography"},
["prefixes"] = {"de"},
},
["1959acad"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"\"Academic\" (\"governmental\") variant of Belarusian as codified in 1959"},
["prefixes"] = {"be"},
},
["1994"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Standardized Resian orthography"},
["prefixes"] = {"sl-rozaj", "sl-rozaj-biske", "sl-rozaj-njiva", "sl-rozaj-osojs", "sl-rozaj-solba"},
},
["1996"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"German orthography of 1996"},
["prefixes"] = {"de"},
},
["abl1943"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Orthographic formulation of 1943 - Official in Brazil (Formulário Ortográfico de 1943 - Oficial no Brasil)"},
["prefixes"] = {"pt-br"},
},
["akhmimic"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Akhmimic dialect of Coptic"},
["prefixes"] = {"cop"},
},
["akuapem"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Akuapem Twi"},
["prefixes"] = {"tw"},
},
["alalc97"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"ALA-LC Romanization, 1997 edition"},
["prefixes"] = {},
},
["aluku"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Aluku dialect", "Boni dialect"},
["prefixes"] = {"djk"},
},
["anpezo"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Anpezo standard of Ladin"},
["prefixes"] = {"lld"},
},
["ao1990"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Portuguese Language Orthographic Agreement of 1990 (Acordo Ortográfico da Língua Portuguesa de 1990)"},
["prefixes"] = {"pt", "gl"},
},
["aranes"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Aranese"},
["prefixes"] = {"oc"},
},
["arkaika"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Arcaicam Esperantom", "Arkaika Esperanto"},
["prefixes"] = {"eo"},
},
["asante"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Asante Twi", "Ashanti Twi"},
["prefixes"] = {"tw"},
},
["auvern"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Auvergnat"},
["prefixes"] = {"oc"},
},
["baku1926"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Unified Turkic Latin Alphabet (Historical)"},
["prefixes"] = {"az", "ba", "crh", "kk", "krc", "ky", "sah", "tk", "tt", "uz"},
},
["balanka"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The Balanka dialect of Anii"},
["prefixes"] = {"blo"},
},
["barla"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The Barlavento dialect group of Kabuverdianu"},
["prefixes"] = {"kea"},
},
["basiceng"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Basic English"},
["prefixes"] = {"en"},
},
["bauddha"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit"},
["prefixes"] = {"sa"},
},
["bciav"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"BCI Blissymbolics AV"},
["prefixes"] = {"zbl"},
},
["bcizbl"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"BCI Blissymbolics"},
["prefixes"] = {"zbl"},
},
["biscayan"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Biscayan dialect of Basque"},
["prefixes"] = {"eu"},
},
["biske"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The San Giorgio dialect of Resian", "The Bila dialect of Resian"},
["prefixes"] = {"sl-rozaj"},
},
["blasl"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Black American Sign Language dialect"},
["prefixes"] = {"ase", "sgn-ase"},
},
["bohairic"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Bohairic dialect of Coptic"},
["prefixes"] = {"cop"},
},
["bohoric"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Slovene in Bohorič alphabet"},
["prefixes"] = {"sl"},
},
["boont"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Boontling"},
["prefixes"] = {"en"},
},
["bornholm"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Bornholmsk"},
["prefixes"] = {"da"},
},
["cisaup"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Cisalpine"},
["prefixes"] = {"oc"},
},
["colb1945"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Portuguese-Brazilian Orthographic Convention of 1945 (Convenção Ortográfica Luso-Brasileira de 1945)"},
["prefixes"] = {"pt"},
},
["cornu"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Cornu-English", "Cornish English", "Anglo-Cornish"},
["prefixes"] = {"en"},
},
["creiss"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Occitan variants of the Croissant area"},
["prefixes"] = {"oc"},
},
["dajnko"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Slovene in Dajnko alphabet"},
["prefixes"] = {"sl"},
},
["ekavsk"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Serbian with Ekavian pronunciation"},
["prefixes"] = {"sr", "sr-latn", "sr-cyrl"},
},
["emodeng"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Early Modern English (1500-1700)"},
["prefixes"] = {"en"},
},
["fascia"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Fascia standard of Ladin"},
["prefixes"] = {"lld"},
},
["fayyumic"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Fayyumic dialect of Coptic"},
["prefixes"] = {"cop"},
},
["fodom"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Fodom standard of Ladin"},
["prefixes"] = {"lld"},
},
["fonipa"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"International Phonetic Alphabet"},
["prefixes"] = {},
},
["fonkirsh"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Kirshenbaum Phonetic Alphabet"},
["prefixes"] = {},
},
["fonnapa"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"North American Phonetic Alphabet", "Americanist Phonetic Notation"},
["prefixes"] = {},
},
["fonupa"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Uralic Phonetic Alphabet"},
["prefixes"] = {},
},
["fonxsamp"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"X-SAMPA transcription"},
["prefixes"] = {},
},
["gallo"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Gallo"},
["prefixes"] = {"fr"},
},
["gascon"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Gascon"},
["prefixes"] = {"oc"},
},
["gherd"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Gherdëina standard of Ladin"},
["prefixes"] = {"lld"},
},
["grclass"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Classical Occitan orthography"},
["prefixes"] = {"oc", "oc-aranes", "oc-auvern", "oc-cisaup", "oc-creiss", "oc-gascon", "oc-lemosin", "oc-lengadoc", "oc-nicard", "oc-provenc", "oc-vivaraup"},
},
["grital"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Italian-inspired Occitan orthography"},
["prefixes"] = {"oc", "oc-cisaup", "oc-nicard", "oc-provenc"},
},
["grmistr"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Mistralian or Mistralian-inspired Occitan orthography"},
["prefixes"] = {"oc", "oc-aranes", "oc-auvern", "oc-cisaup", "oc-creiss", "oc-gascon", "oc-lemosin", "oc-lengadoc", "oc-nicard", "oc-provenc", "oc-vivaraup"},
},
["hanoi"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The Hà Nội variant of Vietnamese"},
["prefixes"] = {"vi"},
},
["hepburn"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Hepburn romanization"},
["prefixes"] = {"ja-latn"},
},
["hognorsk"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Norwegian in Høgnorsk (High Norwegian) orthography"},
["prefixes"] = {"nn"},
},
["hsistemo"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Standard H-system orthographic fallback for spelling Esperanto"},
["prefixes"] = {"eo"},
},
["huett"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The Huế (province Thừa Thiên) variant of Vietnamese"},
["prefixes"] = {"vi"},
},
["ijekavsk"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Serbian with Ijekavian pronunciation"},
["prefixes"] = {"sr", "sr-latn", "sr-cyrl"},
},
["itihasa"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Epic Sanskrit"},
["prefixes"] = {"sa"},
},
["ivanchov"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Bulgarian in 1899 orthography"},
["prefixes"] = {"bg"},
},
["jauer"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Jauer dialect of Romansh"},
["prefixes"] = {"rm"},
},
["jyutping"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Jyutping Cantonese Romanization"},
["prefixes"] = {"yue"},
},
["kkcor"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Common Cornish orthography of Revived Cornish"},
["prefixes"] = {"kw"},
},
["kleinsch"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Kleinschmidt orthography", "Allattaasitaamut"},
["prefixes"] = {"kl", "kl-tunumiit"},
},
["kociewie"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The Kociewie dialect of Polish"},
["prefixes"] = {"pl"},
},
["kscor"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Standard Cornish orthography of Revived Cornish", "Kernowek Standard"},
["prefixes"] = {"kw"},
},
["leidentr"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Ancient Egyptian in Leiden Unified Transliteration"},
["prefixes"] = {"egy"},
},
["lemosin"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Limousin"},
["prefixes"] = {"oc"},
},
["lengadoc"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Languedocien"},
["prefixes"] = {"oc"},
},
["lipaw"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The Lipovaz dialect of Resian", "The Lipovec dialect of Resian"},
["prefixes"] = {"sl-rozaj"},
},
["ltg1929"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The Latgalian language orthography codified in 1929"},
["prefixes"] = {"ltg"},
},
["ltg2007"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The Latgalian language orthography codified in the language law in 2007"},
["prefixes"] = {"ltg"},
},
["luna1918"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Post-1917 Russian orthography"},
["prefixes"] = {"ru"},
},
["lycopol"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Lycopolitan alias Subakhmimic dialect of Coptic"},
["prefixes"] = {"cop"},
},
["mdcegyp"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs encoded in Manuel de Codage"},
["prefixes"] = {"egy"},
},
["mdctrans"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Ancient Egyptian transliteration encoded in Manuel de Codage"},
["prefixes"] = {"egy"},
},
["mesokem"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Mesokemic alias Oxyrhynchite dialect of Coptic"},
["prefixes"] = {"cop"},
},
["metelko"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Slovene in Metelko alphabet"},
["prefixes"] = {"sl"},
},
["moderat"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The moderate (conservative, i.e. Danish-like) spelling variant of Bokmål"},
["prefixes"] = {"nb"},
},
["monoton"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Monotonic Greek"},
["prefixes"] = {"el"},
},
["ndyuka"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Ndyuka dialect", "Aukan dialect"},
["prefixes"] = {"djk"},
},
["nedis"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Natisone dialect", "Nadiza dialect"},
["prefixes"] = {"sl"},
},
["newfound"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Newfoundland English"},
["prefixes"] = {"en-ca"},
},
["nicard"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Niçard"},
["prefixes"] = {"oc"},
},
["njiva"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The Gniva dialect of Resian", "The Njiva dialect of Resian"},
["prefixes"] = {"sl-rozaj"},
},
["nulik"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Volapük nulik", "Volapük perevidöl", "Volapük nulädik", "de Jong's Volapük", "New Volapük", "Revised Volapük", "Modern Volapük"},
["prefixes"] = {"vo"},
},
["osojs"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The Oseacco dialect of Resian", "The Osojane dialect of Resian"},
["prefixes"] = {"sl-rozaj"},
},
["oxendict"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Oxford English Dictionary spelling"},
["prefixes"] = {"en"},
},
["pahawh2"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Pahawh Hmong Second Stage Reduced orthography"},
["prefixes"] = {"mww", "hnj"},
},
["pahawh3"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Pahawh Hmong Third Stage Reduced orthography"},
["prefixes"] = {"mww", "hnj"},
},
["pahawh4"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Pahawh Hmong Final Version orthography"},
["prefixes"] = {"mww", "hnj"},
},
["pamaka"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Pamaka dialect"},
["prefixes"] = {"djk"},
},
["peano"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Latino Sine Flexione", "Interlingua de API", "Interlingua de Peano"},
["prefixes"] = {"la"},
},
["pehoeji"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Hokkien Vernacular Romanization System", "Pe̍h-ōe-jī orthography/romanization"},
["prefixes"] = {"nan-latn"},
},
["petr1708"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Petrine orthography"},
["prefixes"] = {"ru"},
},
["pinyin"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Pinyin romanization"},
["prefixes"] = {"zh-latn", "bo-latn"},
},
["polyton"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Polytonic Greek"},
["prefixes"] = {"el"},
},
["provenc"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Provençal"},
["prefixes"] = {"oc"},
},
["puter"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Puter idiom of Romansh"},
["prefixes"] = {"rm"},
},
["radikalt"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Radical (i.e. Nynorsk-like) spelling variant of Bokmål"},
["prefixes"] = {"nb"},
},
["rigik"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Volapük rigik", "Schleyer's Volapük", "Original Volapük", "Classic Volapük"},
["prefixes"] = {"vo"},
},
["rozaj"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Resian", "Resianic", "Rezijan"},
["prefixes"] = {"sl"},
},
["rumgr"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Rumantsch Grischun"},
["prefixes"] = {"rm"},
},
["sahidic"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Sahidic dialect of Coptic"},
["prefixes"] = {"cop"},
},
["saigon"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The Sài Gòn variant of Vietnamese"},
["prefixes"] = {"vi"},
},
["scotland"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Scottish Standard English"},
["prefixes"] = {"en"},
},
["scouse"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Scouse"},
["prefixes"] = {"en"},
},
["simple"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Simplified form"},
["prefixes"] = {},
},
["slepe"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Sorbian dialect of Schleife"},
["prefixes"] = {"dsb"},
},
["solba"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The Stolvizza dialect of Resian", "The Solbica dialect of Resian"},
["prefixes"] = {"sl-rozaj"},
},
["sotav"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The Sotavento dialect group of Kabuverdianu"},
["prefixes"] = {"kea"},
},
["spanglis"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Spanglish"},
["prefixes"] = {"en", "es"},
},
["stadi"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The \"Stadin slangi\" dialect of Finnish"},
["prefixes"] = {"fi"},
},
["surmiran"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Surmiran idiom of Romansh"},
["prefixes"] = {"rm"},
},
["sursilv"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Sursilvan idiom of Romansh"},
["prefixes"] = {"rm"},
},
["sutsilv"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Sutsilvan idiom of Romansh"},
["prefixes"] = {"rm"},
},
["synnejyl"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Synnejysk", "South Jutish"},
["prefixes"] = {"da"},
},
["taglish"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Tagalog-English code-switching"},
["prefixes"] = {"en", "tl", "fil"},
},
["tailo"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Taiwanese Hokkien Romanization System for Hokkien languages", "Tâi-lô orthography/romanization"},
["prefixes"] = {"nan-latn"},
},
["tarask"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Belarusian in Taraskievica orthography"},
["prefixes"] = {"be"},
},
["tongyong"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Tongyong Pinyin romanization"},
["prefixes"] = {"zh-latn"},
},
["tunumiit"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Tunumiisiut", "East Greenlandic", "Østgrønlandsk"},
["prefixes"] = {"kl"},
},
["uccor"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Unified Cornish orthography of Revived Cornish"},
["prefixes"] = {"kw"},
},
["ucrcor"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Unified Cornish Revised orthography of Revived Cornish"},
["prefixes"] = {"kw"},
},
["ulster"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Ulster dialect of Scots"},
["prefixes"] = {"sco"},
},
["unifon"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Unifon phonetic alphabet"},
["prefixes"] = {"en", "hup", "kyh", "tol", "yur"},
},
["valbadia"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Val Badia standard of Ladin"},
["prefixes"] = {"lld"},
},
["valencia"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Valencian"},
["prefixes"] = {"ca"},
},
["vallader"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Vallader idiom of Romansh"},
["prefixes"] = {"rm"},
},
["vecdruka"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Latvian orthography used before 1920s (\"vecā druka\")"},
["prefixes"] = {"lv"},
},
["viennese"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"The Viennese dialect of German"},
["prefixes"] = {"de"},
},
["vivaraup"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Vivaro-Alpine"},
["prefixes"] = {"oc"},
},
["wadegile"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Wade-Giles romanization"},
["prefixes"] = {"zh-latn"},
},
["xsistemo"] = {
["descriptions"] = {"Standard X-system orthographic fallback for spelling Esperanto"},
["prefixes"] = {"eo"},
}
}
m8ui1ahgr00min1dqt7anpuxgznnw0u
ಮೋಡ್ಯೂಲ್:Lang/data/iana suppressed scripts
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en>Trappist the monk
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-- File-Date: 2026-06-14
return {
["Arab"] = {"ar", "fa", "ps", "ur"},
["Armn"] = {"hy"},
["Beng"] = {"as", "bn"},
["Blis"] = {"zbl"},
["Cyrl"] = {"ab", "be", "bg", "kk", "mk", "ru", "uk"},
["Deva"] = {"hi", "mr", "ne", "kok", "mai"},
["Ethi"] = {"am", "ti"},
["Geor"] = {"ka"},
["Grek"] = {"el"},
["Gujr"] = {"gu"},
["Guru"] = {"pa"},
["Hebr"] = {"he", "iw", "yi"},
["Jpan"] = {"ja"},
["Khmr"] = {"km"},
["Knda"] = {"kn"},
["Kore"] = {"ko"},
["Laoo"] = {"lo"},
["Latn"] = {"af", "ay", "bs", "ca", "ch", "cs", "cy", "da", "de", "en", "eo",
"es", "et", "eu", "fi", "fj", "fo", "fr", "fy", "ga", "gl", "gn",
"gv", "hr", "ht", "hu", "id", "in", "is", "it", "kl", "la", "lb",
"ln", "lt", "lv", "mg", "mh", "mo", "ms", "mt", "na", "nb", "nd",
"nl", "nn", "no", "nr", "ny", "om", "pl", "pt", "qu", "rm", "rn",
"ro", "rw", "sg", "sk", "sl", "sm", "so", "sq", "ss", "st", "sv",
"sw", "tl", "tn", "to", "tr", "ts", "ve", "vi", "xh", "zu", "dsb",
"frr", "frs", "gsw", "hsb", "men", "nds", "niu", "nso", "tem", "tkl", "tmh",
"tpi", "tvl"},
["Mlym"] = {"ml"},
["Mymr"] = {"my"},
["Nkoo"] = {"nqo"},
["Orya"] = {"or"},
["Sinh"] = {"si"},
["Taml"] = {"ta"},
["Telu"] = {"te"},
["Thaa"] = {"dv"},
["Thai"] = {"th"},
["Tibt"] = {"dz"}
}
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-- File-Date: 2026-06-14
return {
["Arab"] = {"ar", "fa", "ps", "ur"},
["Armn"] = {"hy"},
["Beng"] = {"as", "bn"},
["Blis"] = {"zbl"},
["Cyrl"] = {"ab", "be", "bg", "kk", "mk", "ru", "uk"},
["Deva"] = {"hi", "mr", "ne", "kok", "mai"},
["Ethi"] = {"am", "ti"},
["Geor"] = {"ka"},
["Grek"] = {"el"},
["Gujr"] = {"gu"},
["Guru"] = {"pa"},
["Hebr"] = {"he", "iw", "yi"},
["Jpan"] = {"ja"},
["Khmr"] = {"km"},
["Knda"] = {"kn"},
["Kore"] = {"ko"},
["Laoo"] = {"lo"},
["Latn"] = {"af", "ay", "bs", "ca", "ch", "cs", "cy", "da", "de", "en", "eo",
"es", "et", "eu", "fi", "fj", "fo", "fr", "fy", "ga", "gl", "gn",
"gv", "hr", "ht", "hu", "id", "in", "is", "it", "kl", "la", "lb",
"ln", "lt", "lv", "mg", "mh", "mo", "ms", "mt", "na", "nb", "nd",
"nl", "nn", "no", "nr", "ny", "om", "pl", "pt", "qu", "rm", "rn",
"ro", "rw", "sg", "sk", "sl", "sm", "so", "sq", "ss", "st", "sv",
"sw", "tl", "tn", "to", "tr", "ts", "ve", "vi", "xh", "zu", "dsb",
"frr", "frs", "gsw", "hsb", "men", "nds", "niu", "nso", "tem", "tkl", "tmh",
"tpi", "tvl"},
["Mlym"] = {"ml"},
["Mymr"] = {"my"},
["Nkoo"] = {"nqo"},
["Orya"] = {"or"},
["Sinh"] = {"si"},
["Taml"] = {"ta"},
["Telu"] = {"te"},
["Thaa"] = {"dv"},
["Thai"] = {"th"},
["Tibt"] = {"dz"}
}
f9hhpglpg7ffutti13f8zyf7lxr3fq5
ಮೋಡ್ಯೂಲ್:Lang/configuration
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--[[--------------------------< T E M P L A T E S _ T >--------------------------------------------------------
]]
local templates_t = {
lang = 'Lang',
langx = 'Langx',
langxx = 'Lang-xx',
transliteration = 'Transliteration',
}
--[[--------------------------< K N O W N _ P A R A M S >------------------------------------------------------
lists of all parameters known to {{lang}}, {{langx}}, {{lang-xx}} templates.
Exception: |fn= is known to {{lang}} but is not a 'lang' template; that parameter causes the module to call the
specified lang(), lang_xx_inherit(), or lang_xx_italic() function. These separate functions set |fn= to nill
and then do the known-param checking on the other template parameters
]]
local known_params_t = {
['common_params_all_t'] = { -- these parameters common to {{lang}}, {{langx}}, and {{lang-xx}}
['code'] = true,
['text'] = true,
['rtl'] = true,
['italic'] = true,
['italics'] = true,
['i'] = true,
['size'] = true,
['proto'] = true,
['nocat'] = true,
['cat'] = true,
['template'] = true, -- supplied by external templates to provide template name for error messaging ({{nihongo}}, etc)
},
['params_lang_t'] = { -- unique to {{lang}}
[1] = true, -- alias of |code=
[2] = true, -- alias of |text=
},
['params_x_t'] = { -- common to {{langx}} and {{lang-xx}}
['translit'] = true,
['translit-std'] = true,
['translit-script'] = true,
['translation'] = true,
['lit='] = true,
['label'] = true,
['link'] = true,
['links'] = true,
['lit'] = true,
['engvar'] = true,
},
['params_langx_t'] = { -- unique to {{langx}}
[1] = true, -- alias of |code=
[2] = true, -- alias of |text=
[3] = true, -- alias of |translit=
[4] = true, -- alias of |translation=
},
['params_lang_xx_t'] = { -- unique to {{lang-xx}}
[1] = true, -- alias of |text=
[2] = true, -- alias of |translit=
[3] = true, -- alias of |translation=
['script'] = true, -- these needed to override default params in {{lang-??}} templates
['region'] = true,
['variant'] = true,
},
}
--[[--------------------------< E N G _ V A R >----------------------------------------------------------------
Used at en.wiki so that spelling of 'romanized' (US, default) can be changed to 'romanised' to match the envar
specified by a {{Use xxx English}}. Not likely useful outside of en.wiki
This is accomplished by setting |engvar=gb; can, should be omitted in articles that use American English; no
need for the clutter.
]]
local engvar_sel_t = { -- select either UK English or US English
['au'] = 'gb_t', -- these match IANA region codes (except in lower case)
['ca'] = 'us_t',
['gb'] = 'gb_t',
['ie'] = 'gb_t',
['in'] = 'gb_t',
['nz'] = 'gb_t',
['us'] = 'us_t', -- default engvar
['za'] = 'gb_t'
};
local engvar_t = {
['gb_t'] = {
['romanisz_lc'] = 'romanisation', -- lower case
['romanisz_uc'] = 'Romanisation', -- upper case; unused can be deleted
['romanisz_pt'] = 'romanised', -- past tense
},
['us_t'] = { -- default engvar
['romanisz_lc'] = 'romanization', -- lower case
['romanisz_uc'] = 'Romanization', -- upper case; unused can be deleted
['romanisz_pt'] = 'romanized', -- past tense
}
}
local default_engvar = 'us_t';
--[[
=============================<< M E S S A G I N G T A B L E S >>=============================================
these tables are for internationalization. Messages or fragments thereof are mostly grouped by function name.
Some messages are shared by functions other than the function table that lists the message or fragment.
]]
--[[--------------------------< K E Y W O R D S _ T >----------------------------------------------------------
]]
local keywords_t = {
['affirmative'] = 'yes',
['negative'] = 'no',
['unset'] = 'unset',
['invert'] = 'invert',
['default'] = 'default',
}
--[[--------------------------< M I S C _ T E X T _ T >--------------------------------------------------------
]]
local misc_text_t = {
['error'] = 'Error', -- make_error_msg(), tag_from_name()
['language'] = 'language', -- make_translit(), lang_xx(), name_from_tag()
['help'] = 'help',
}
--[[--------------------------< M A K E _ E R R O R _ M S G _ T >----------------------------------------------
]]
local make_error_msg_t = {
['xlit_err_cat'] = 'Transliteration template errors',
['lang_err_cat'] = 'Lang and lang-xx template errors',
['undefined'] = 'undefined',
}
--[[--------------------------< V A L I D A T E _ I T A L I C _ T >--------------------------------------------
]]
local parameter_validate_t = {
['invalid_param'] = 'invalid parameter: |$1=', -- $1 is parameter name
}
--[[--------------------------< V A L I D A T E _ I T A L I C _ T >--------------------------------------------
]]
local validate_italic_t = {
['multi_italic'] = 'only one of |italic=, |italics=, or |i= can be specified',
}
--[[--------------------------< V A L I D A T E _ T E X T _ T >------------------------------------------------
]]
local validate_text_t = {
['no_text'] = 'no text',
['malformed_markup'] = 'text has malformed markup',
['italic_markup'] = 'text has italic markup',
}
--[[--------------------------< T E X T _ S C R I P T _ M A T C H _ T E S T _ T >------------------------------
]]
local text_script_match_test_t = {
['latn_txt_mismatch'] = 'Latn text/non-Latn script subtag mismatch',
['latn_scr_mismatch'] = 'Non-latn text (pos $1: $2)/Latn script subtag mismatch', -- $1 identifies offending character's position; $2 is the character
}
--[[--------------------------< L A N G _ T >------------------------------------------------------------------
]]
local lang_t = {
['conflict_n_param'] = 'conflicting: {{{$1}}} and |$2=', -- $1 is positional param number, $2 is named param; shared with _lang_xx()
['conflict_n_param_types'] = {
['code'] = 'code',
['text'] = 'text',
['translit'] = 'translit',
},
['invalid_proto'] = 'invalid |proto=: $1', -- _lang_xx also emits this message
}
--[[--------------------------< L A N G _ X X _ T >------------------------------------------------------------
]]
local lang_xx_t = {
['conflict_n_lit'] = 'conflicting: {{{$1}}} and |lit= or |translation=', -- $1 is positional parameter; can be either 3 ({{lang-??}}) or 4 ({{langx}})
['conflict_lit'] = 'conflicting: |lit= and |translation=',
['conflict_link'] = 'conflicting: |links= and |link=',
['invalid_xlit_std'] = 'invalid translit-std',
['romanization'] = 'Romanization of',
['translit_nonlatn'] = 'transliteration text not Latin script (pos $1: $2)', -- _xlit() also emits this message; $1 identifies offending character's position; $2 is the character
['xlit_of_latn'] = 'transliteration of latn script',
}
--[[--------------------------< T A G _ F R O M _ N A M E _ T >------------------------------------------------
]]
local tag_from_name_t = {
['lang_not_found'] = 'language: $1 not found', -- $1 is language name parameter value
['missing_lang_name'] = 'missing language name',
}
--[[--------------------------< T R A N S L _ T >--------------------------------------------------------------
]]
local transl_t = {
['unrecog_xlit_std'] = 'unrecognized transliteration standard: $1', -- $1 is |translit_std- parameter value
['no_text'] = 'no text',
['missing_lang_scr'] = 'missing language / script code',
['unrecog_lang_scr'] = 'unrecognized language / script code: $1', -- $1 is the language/script code
}
--[[--------------------------< G E T _ I E T F _ P A R T S _ T >----------------------------------------------
]]
local get_ietf_parts_t = {
['maint_promo_cat'] = 'Lang and lang-xx code promoted to ISO 639-1|$1', -- $1 is ISO 639-2/3 subtag
['maint_promo_msg'] = 'code: $1 promoted to code: $2', -- $1 is ISO 639-2/3 subtag, $2 is synonymous ISO 639-1 subtag
['missing_lang_tag'] = 'missing language tag', -- also used in _langx()
['redundant_scr'] = 'redundant script tag',
['redundant_reg'] = 'redundant region tag',
['redundant_var'] = 'redundant variant tag',
['unrecog_tag'] = 'unrecognized language tag: $1', -- $1 is the whole language tag
['unrecog_code'] = 'unrecognized language code: $1', -- $1 is code
['unrecog_reg_code'] = 'unrecognized region: $1 for code: $2', -- $1 is region, $2 is code
['unrecog_scr_code'] = 'unrecognized script: $1 for code: $2', -- $1 is script, $2 is code
['script_code'] = 'script: $1 not supported for code: $2', -- $1 is script, $2 is code
['unrecog_var'] = 'unrecognized variant: $1', -- $1 is variant
['unrecog_var_code'] = 'unrecognized variant: $1 for code: $2', -- $1 is variant, $2 is code
['unrecog_var_code_scr'] = 'unrecognized variant: $1 for code-script pair: $2-$3', -- $1 is variant, $2 is code, $3 is script
['unrecog_var_code_reg'] = 'unrecognized variant: $1 for code-region pair: $2-$3', -- $1 is variant, $2 is code, $3 is region
['unrecog_pri'] = 'unrecognized private tag: $1', -- $1 is private tag
}
--[[--------------------------< L A N G U A G E _ N A M E _ G E T _ T >----------------------------------------
]]
local language_name_get_t = {
['deprecated_cat'] = 'Lang and langx using deprecated ISO 639 codes|$1', -- $1 is deprecated ISO 639 subtag
['deprecated_msg'] = 'code: $1 is deprecated', -- $1 is deprecated ISO 639 subtag
}
--[[--------------------------< H T M L _ T I T L E _ T E X T _ T >--------------------------------------------
]]
local make_text_html_t = {
['zxx'] = 'text', -- for zxx no linguistic content
['collective'] = 'collective text', -- for collective languages
['individual'] = 'language text', -- for individual languages
}
--[[--------------------------< T R A N S L A T I O N _ M A K E _ T >------------------------------------------
]]
local translation_make_t = {
['lit_xlation'] = 'Literal translation', -- article title fragment and HTML title attribute
['lit_abbr'] = 'lit.',
}
--[[--------------------------< M A K E _ C A T E G O R Y _ T >------------------------------------------------
]]
local make_category_t = {
['collective_cat'] = 'Category:Articles with text in', -- for collective languages
['cat_prefix'] = 'Category:Articles containing', -- prefix for explicitly cited and individual languages
['explicit_cat'] = 'explicitly cited', -- for explicitly citing this wiki's language
['cat_postfix'] = 'language text', -- postfix for individual languages
}
--[[--------------------------< M A K E _ T R A N S L I T _ T >------------------------------------------------
]]
local make_translit_t = {
['script'] = 'script',
['transliteration'] = 'transliteration',
}
--[[--------------------------< E X P O R T S >----------------------------------------------------------------
]]
return {
known_params_t = known_params_t,
templates_t = templates_t,
default_engvar = default_engvar, -- engvar support not likely useful outside of en.wiki
engvar_t = engvar_t,
engvar_sel_t = engvar_sel_t,
get_ietf_parts_t = get_ietf_parts_t, -- messaging tables
keywords_t = keywords_t,
lang_t = lang_t,
lang_xx_t = lang_xx_t,
language_name_get_t = language_name_get_t,
make_category_t = make_category_t,
make_error_msg_t = make_error_msg_t,
make_text_html_t = make_text_html_t,
make_translit_t = make_translit_t,
misc_text_t = misc_text_t,
parameter_validate_t = parameter_validate_t,
tag_from_name_t = tag_from_name_t,
text_script_match_test_t = text_script_match_test_t,
transl_t = transl_t,
translation_make_t = translation_make_t,
validate_italic_t = validate_italic_t,
validate_text_t = validate_text_t,
}
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--[[--------------------------< T E M P L A T E S _ T >--------------------------------------------------------
]]
local templates_t = {
lang = 'Lang',
langx = 'Langx',
langxx = 'Lang-xx',
transliteration = 'Transliteration',
}
--[[--------------------------< K N O W N _ P A R A M S >------------------------------------------------------
lists of all parameters known to {{lang}}, {{langx}}, {{lang-xx}} templates.
Exception: |fn= is known to {{lang}} but is not a 'lang' template; that parameter causes the module to call the
specified lang(), lang_xx_inherit(), or lang_xx_italic() function. These separate functions set |fn= to nill
and then do the known-param checking on the other template parameters
]]
local known_params_t = {
['common_params_all_t'] = { -- these parameters common to {{lang}}, {{langx}}, and {{lang-xx}}
['code'] = true,
['text'] = true,
['rtl'] = true,
['italic'] = true,
['italics'] = true,
['i'] = true,
['size'] = true,
['proto'] = true,
['nocat'] = true,
['cat'] = true,
['template'] = true, -- supplied by external templates to provide template name for error messaging ({{nihongo}}, etc)
},
['params_lang_t'] = { -- unique to {{lang}}
[1] = true, -- alias of |code=
[2] = true, -- alias of |text=
},
['params_x_t'] = { -- common to {{langx}} and {{lang-xx}}
['translit'] = true,
['translit-std'] = true,
['translit-script'] = true,
['translation'] = true,
['lit='] = true,
['label'] = true,
['link'] = true,
['links'] = true,
['lit'] = true,
['engvar'] = true,
},
['params_langx_t'] = { -- unique to {{langx}}
[1] = true, -- alias of |code=
[2] = true, -- alias of |text=
[3] = true, -- alias of |translit=
[4] = true, -- alias of |translation=
},
['params_lang_xx_t'] = { -- unique to {{lang-xx}}
[1] = true, -- alias of |text=
[2] = true, -- alias of |translit=
[3] = true, -- alias of |translation=
['script'] = true, -- these needed to override default params in {{lang-??}} templates
['region'] = true,
['variant'] = true,
},
}
--[[--------------------------< E N G _ V A R >----------------------------------------------------------------
Used at en.wiki so that spelling of 'romanized' (US, default) can be changed to 'romanised' to match the envar
specified by a {{Use xxx English}}. Not likely useful outside of en.wiki
This is accomplished by setting |engvar=gb; can, should be omitted in articles that use American English; no
need for the clutter.
]]
local engvar_sel_t = { -- select either UK English or US English
['au'] = 'gb_t', -- these match IANA region codes (except in lower case)
['ca'] = 'us_t',
['gb'] = 'gb_t',
['ie'] = 'gb_t',
['in'] = 'gb_t',
['nz'] = 'gb_t',
['us'] = 'us_t', -- default engvar
['za'] = 'gb_t'
};
local engvar_t = {
['gb_t'] = {
['romanisz_lc'] = 'romanisation', -- lower case
['romanisz_uc'] = 'Romanisation', -- upper case; unused can be deleted
['romanisz_pt'] = 'romanised', -- past tense
},
['us_t'] = { -- default engvar
['romanisz_lc'] = 'romanization', -- lower case
['romanisz_uc'] = 'Romanization', -- upper case; unused can be deleted
['romanisz_pt'] = 'romanized', -- past tense
}
}
local default_engvar = 'us_t';
--[[
=============================<< M E S S A G I N G T A B L E S >>=============================================
these tables are for internationalization. Messages or fragments thereof are mostly grouped by function name.
Some messages are shared by functions other than the function table that lists the message or fragment.
]]
--[[--------------------------< K E Y W O R D S _ T >----------------------------------------------------------
]]
local keywords_t = {
['affirmative'] = 'yes',
['negative'] = 'no',
['unset'] = 'unset',
['invert'] = 'invert',
['default'] = 'default',
}
--[[--------------------------< M I S C _ T E X T _ T >--------------------------------------------------------
]]
local misc_text_t = {
['error'] = 'Error', -- make_error_msg(), tag_from_name()
['language'] = 'language', -- make_translit(), lang_xx(), name_from_tag()
['help'] = 'help',
}
--[[--------------------------< M A K E _ E R R O R _ M S G _ T >----------------------------------------------
]]
local make_error_msg_t = {
['xlit_err_cat'] = 'Transliteration template errors',
['lang_err_cat'] = 'Lang and lang-xx template errors',
['undefined'] = 'undefined',
}
--[[--------------------------< V A L I D A T E _ I T A L I C _ T >--------------------------------------------
]]
local parameter_validate_t = {
['invalid_param'] = 'invalid parameter: |$1=', -- $1 is parameter name
}
--[[--------------------------< V A L I D A T E _ I T A L I C _ T >--------------------------------------------
]]
local validate_italic_t = {
['multi_italic'] = 'only one of |italic=, |italics=, or |i= can be specified',
}
--[[--------------------------< V A L I D A T E _ T E X T _ T >------------------------------------------------
]]
local validate_text_t = {
['no_text'] = 'no text',
['malformed_markup'] = 'text has malformed markup',
['italic_markup'] = 'text has italic markup',
}
--[[--------------------------< T E X T _ S C R I P T _ M A T C H _ T E S T _ T >------------------------------
]]
local text_script_match_test_t = {
['latn_txt_mismatch'] = 'Latn text/non-Latn script subtag mismatch',
['latn_scr_mismatch'] = 'Non-latn text (pos $1: $2)/Latn script subtag mismatch', -- $1 identifies offending character's position; $2 is the character
}
--[[--------------------------< L A N G _ T >------------------------------------------------------------------
]]
local lang_t = {
['conflict_n_param'] = 'conflicting: {{{$1}}} and |$2=', -- $1 is positional param number, $2 is named param; shared with _lang_xx()
['conflict_n_param_types'] = {
['code'] = 'code',
['text'] = 'text',
['translit'] = 'translit',
},
['invalid_proto'] = 'invalid |proto=: $1', -- _lang_xx also emits this message
}
--[[--------------------------< L A N G _ X X _ T >------------------------------------------------------------
]]
local lang_xx_t = {
['conflict_n_lit'] = 'conflicting: {{{$1}}} and |lit= or |translation=', -- $1 is positional parameter; can be either 3 ({{lang-??}}) or 4 ({{langx}})
['conflict_lit'] = 'conflicting: |lit= and |translation=',
['conflict_link'] = 'conflicting: |links= and |link=',
['invalid_xlit_std'] = 'invalid translit-std',
['romanization'] = 'Romanization of',
['translit_nonlatn'] = 'transliteration text not Latin script (pos $1: $2)', -- _xlit() also emits this message; $1 identifies offending character's position; $2 is the character
['xlit_of_latn'] = 'transliteration of latn script',
}
--[[--------------------------< T A G _ F R O M _ N A M E _ T >------------------------------------------------
]]
local tag_from_name_t = {
['lang_not_found'] = 'language: $1 not found', -- $1 is language name parameter value
['missing_lang_name'] = 'missing language name',
}
--[[--------------------------< T R A N S L _ T >--------------------------------------------------------------
]]
local transl_t = {
['unrecog_xlit_std'] = 'unrecognized transliteration standard: $1', -- $1 is |translit_std- parameter value
['no_text'] = 'no text',
['missing_lang_scr'] = 'missing language / script code',
['unrecog_lang_scr'] = 'unrecognized language / script code: $1', -- $1 is the language/script code
}
--[[--------------------------< G E T _ I E T F _ P A R T S _ T >----------------------------------------------
]]
local get_ietf_parts_t = {
['maint_promo_cat'] = 'Lang and lang-xx code promoted to ISO 639-1|$1', -- $1 is ISO 639-2/3 subtag
['maint_promo_msg'] = 'code: $1 promoted to code: $2', -- $1 is ISO 639-2/3 subtag, $2 is synonymous ISO 639-1 subtag
['missing_lang_tag'] = 'missing language tag', -- also used in _langx()
['redundant_scr'] = 'redundant script tag',
['redundant_reg'] = 'redundant region tag',
['redundant_var'] = 'redundant variant tag',
['unrecog_tag'] = 'unrecognized language tag: $1', -- $1 is the whole language tag
['unrecog_code'] = 'unrecognized language code: $1', -- $1 is code
['unrecog_reg_code'] = 'unrecognized region: $1 for code: $2', -- $1 is region, $2 is code
['unrecog_scr_code'] = 'unrecognized script: $1 for code: $2', -- $1 is script, $2 is code
['script_code'] = 'script: $1 not supported for code: $2', -- $1 is script, $2 is code
['unrecog_var'] = 'unrecognized variant: $1', -- $1 is variant
['unrecog_var_code'] = 'unrecognized variant: $1 for code: $2', -- $1 is variant, $2 is code
['unrecog_var_code_scr'] = 'unrecognized variant: $1 for code-script pair: $2-$3', -- $1 is variant, $2 is code, $3 is script
['unrecog_var_code_reg'] = 'unrecognized variant: $1 for code-region pair: $2-$3', -- $1 is variant, $2 is code, $3 is region
['unrecog_pri'] = 'unrecognized private tag: $1', -- $1 is private tag
}
--[[--------------------------< L A N G U A G E _ N A M E _ G E T _ T >----------------------------------------
]]
local language_name_get_t = {
['deprecated_cat'] = 'Lang and langx using deprecated ISO 639 codes|$1', -- $1 is deprecated ISO 639 subtag
['deprecated_msg'] = 'code: $1 is deprecated', -- $1 is deprecated ISO 639 subtag
}
--[[--------------------------< H T M L _ T I T L E _ T E X T _ T >--------------------------------------------
]]
local make_text_html_t = {
['zxx'] = 'text', -- for zxx no linguistic content
['collective'] = 'collective text', -- for collective languages
['individual'] = 'language text', -- for individual languages
}
--[[--------------------------< T R A N S L A T I O N _ M A K E _ T >------------------------------------------
]]
local translation_make_t = {
['lit_xlation'] = 'Literal translation', -- article title fragment and HTML title attribute
['lit_abbr'] = 'lit.',
}
--[[--------------------------< M A K E _ C A T E G O R Y _ T >------------------------------------------------
]]
local make_category_t = {
['collective_cat'] = 'Category:Articles with text in', -- for collective languages
['cat_prefix'] = 'Category:Articles containing', -- prefix for explicitly cited and individual languages
['explicit_cat'] = 'explicitly cited', -- for explicitly citing this wiki's language
['cat_postfix'] = 'language text', -- postfix for individual languages
}
--[[--------------------------< M A K E _ T R A N S L I T _ T >------------------------------------------------
]]
local make_translit_t = {
['script'] = 'script',
['transliteration'] = 'transliteration',
}
--[[--------------------------< E X P O R T S >----------------------------------------------------------------
]]
return {
known_params_t = known_params_t,
templates_t = templates_t,
default_engvar = default_engvar, -- engvar support not likely useful outside of en.wiki
engvar_t = engvar_t,
engvar_sel_t = engvar_sel_t,
get_ietf_parts_t = get_ietf_parts_t, -- messaging tables
keywords_t = keywords_t,
lang_t = lang_t,
lang_xx_t = lang_xx_t,
language_name_get_t = language_name_get_t,
make_category_t = make_category_t,
make_error_msg_t = make_error_msg_t,
make_text_html_t = make_text_html_t,
make_translit_t = make_translit_t,
misc_text_t = misc_text_t,
parameter_validate_t = parameter_validate_t,
tag_from_name_t = tag_from_name_t,
text_script_match_test_t = text_script_match_test_t,
transl_t = transl_t,
translation_make_t = translation_make_t,
validate_italic_t = validate_italic_t,
validate_text_t = validate_text_t,
}
0grapkhfltfc8vltv99ir6fmysp0gia
ಮೋಡ್ಯೂಲ್:Lang/data/is latn data
828
20410
363568
326582
2026-06-12T17:04:35Z
en>Trappist the monk
0
update to unicode 17.0.0;
363568
Scribunto
text/plain
--[[--------------------------< S I N G L E S _ T >-----------------------------------------------------------
list of Latn and Zyyy (common) codepoints that are not included in <ranges_t> taken from Module:Unicode data/scripts
and a local copy of https://www.unicode.org/Public/17.0.0/ucd/ScriptExtensions.txt using Module:Lang/data/make is latn data
]]
local singles_t = {
[170] = true, -- 00AA
[186] = true, -- 00BA
[215] = true, -- 00D7
[247] = true, -- 00F7
[787] = true, -- 0313
[856] = true, -- 0358
[862] = true, -- 035E
[884] = true, -- 0374
[894] = true, -- 037E
[901] = true, -- 0385
[903] = true, -- 0387
[1541] = true, -- 0605
[1548] = true, -- 060C
[1563] = true, -- 061B
[1567] = true, -- 061F
[1600] = true, -- 0640
[1757] = true, -- 06DD
[2274] = true, -- 08E2
[3647] = true, -- 0E3F
[4347] = true, -- 10FB
[6149] = true, -- 1805
[7379] = true, -- 1CD3
[7393] = true, -- 1CE1
[7418] = true, -- 1CFA
[7672] = true, -- 1DF8
[8305] = true, -- 2071
[8319] = true, -- 207F
[8432] = true, -- 20F0
[8498] = true, -- 2132
[8526] = true, -- 214E
[12294] = true, -- 3006
[12448] = true, -- 30A0
[12783] = true, -- 31EF
[13055] = true, -- 32FF
[43310] = true, -- A92E
[43471] = true, -- A9CF
[43867] = true, -- AB5B
[65279] = true, -- FEFF
[65392] = true, -- FF70
[119970] = true, -- 1D4A2
[119995] = true, -- 1D4BB
[120134] = true, -- 1D546
[129008] = true, -- 1F7F0
[129736] = true, -- 1FAC8
[917505] = true, -- E0001
}
--[[--------------------------< R A N G E S _ T >-------------------------------------------------------------
list of Latn and Zyyy (common) codepoints taken from Module:Unicode data/scripts and a local copy of
https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/ScriptExtensions.txt
]]
local ranges_t = {
{0, 169}, -- 0000..00A9
{171, 185}, -- 00AB..00B9
{187, 214}, -- 00BB..00D6
{216, 246}, -- 00D8..00F6
{248, 745}, -- 00F8..02E9
{748, 782}, -- 02EC..030E
{784, 785}, -- 0310..0311
{803, 805}, -- 0323..0325
{813, 814}, -- 032D..032E
{816, 817}, -- 0330..0331
{867, 879}, -- 0363..036F
{1157, 1158}, -- 0485..0486
{2385, 2386}, -- 0951..0952
{2404, 2405}, -- 0964..0965
{4053, 4056}, -- 0FD5..0FD8
{5867, 5869}, -- 16EB..16ED
{5941, 5942}, -- 1735..1736
{6146, 6147}, -- 1802..1803
{7401, 7404}, -- 1CE9..1CEC
{7406, 7411}, -- 1CEE..1CF3
{7413, 7415}, -- 1CF5..1CF7
{7424, 7461}, -- 1D00..1D25
{7468, 7516}, -- 1D2C..1D5C
{7522, 7525}, -- 1D62..1D65
{7531, 7543}, -- 1D6B..1D77
{7545, 7614}, -- 1D79..1DBE
{7680, 7935}, -- 1E00..1EFF
{8192, 8203}, -- 2000..200B
{8206, 8292}, -- 200E..2064
{8294, 8304}, -- 2066..2070
{8308, 8318}, -- 2074..207E
{8320, 8334}, -- 2080..208E
{8336, 8348}, -- 2090..209C
{8352, 8385}, -- 20A0..20C1
{8448, 8485}, -- 2100..2125
{8487, 8497}, -- 2127..2131
{8499, 8525}, -- 2133..214D
{8527, 8587}, -- 214F..218B
{8592, 9257}, -- 2190..2429
{9280, 9290}, -- 2440..244A
{9312, 10239}, -- 2460..27FF
{10496, 11123}, -- 2900..2B73
{11126, 11263}, -- 2B76..2BFF
{11360, 11391}, -- 2C60..2C7F
{11776, 11869}, -- 2E00..2E5D
{12272, 12292}, -- 2FF0..3004
{12296, 12320}, -- 3008..3020
{12336, 12343}, -- 3030..3037
{12348, 12351}, -- 303C..303F
{12443, 12444}, -- 309B..309C
{12539, 12540}, -- 30FB..30FC
{12688, 12703}, -- 3190..319F
{12736, 12773}, -- 31C0..31E5
{12832, 12895}, -- 3220..325F
{12927, 13007}, -- 327F..32CF
{13144, 13311}, -- 3358..33FF
{19904, 19967}, -- 4DC0..4DFF
{42752, 42972}, -- A700..A7DC
{42993, 43007}, -- A7F1..A7FF
{43056, 43065}, -- A830..A839
{43824, 43866}, -- AB30..AB5A
{43868, 43876}, -- AB5C..AB64
{43878, 43883}, -- AB66..AB6B
{64256, 64262}, -- FB00..FB06
{64830, 64831}, -- FD3E..FD3F
{65040, 65049}, -- FE10..FE19
{65072, 65106}, -- FE30..FE52
{65108, 65126}, -- FE54..FE66
{65128, 65131}, -- FE68..FE6B
{65281, 65381}, -- FF01..FF65
{65438, 65439}, -- FF9E..FF9F
{65504, 65510}, -- FFE0..FFE6
{65512, 65518}, -- FFE8..FFEE
{65529, 65533}, -- FFF9..FFFD
{65792, 65794}, -- 10100..10102
{65799, 65843}, -- 10107..10133
{65847, 65855}, -- 10137..1013F
{65936, 65948}, -- 10190..1019C
{66000, 66044}, -- 101D0..101FC
{66273, 66299}, -- 102E1..102FB
{67456, 67461}, -- 10780..10785
{67463, 67504}, -- 10787..107B0
{67506, 67514}, -- 107B2..107BA
{113824, 113827}, -- 1BCA0..1BCA3
{117760, 118012}, -- 1CC00..1CCFC
{118016, 118451}, -- 1CD00..1CEB3
{118458, 118480}, -- 1CEBA..1CED0
{118496, 118512}, -- 1CEE0..1CEF0
{118608, 118723}, -- 1CF50..1CFC3
{118784, 119029}, -- 1D000..1D0F5
{119040, 119078}, -- 1D100..1D126
{119081, 119142}, -- 1D129..1D166
{119146, 119162}, -- 1D16A..1D17A
{119171, 119172}, -- 1D183..1D184
{119180, 119209}, -- 1D18C..1D1A9
{119214, 119274}, -- 1D1AE..1D1EA
{119488, 119507}, -- 1D2C0..1D2D3
{119520, 119539}, -- 1D2E0..1D2F3
{119552, 119638}, -- 1D300..1D356
{119648, 119672}, -- 1D360..1D378
{119808, 119892}, -- 1D400..1D454
{119894, 119964}, -- 1D456..1D49C
{119966, 119967}, -- 1D49E..1D49F
{119973, 119974}, -- 1D4A5..1D4A6
{119977, 119980}, -- 1D4A9..1D4AC
{119982, 119993}, -- 1D4AE..1D4B9
{119997, 120003}, -- 1D4BD..1D4C3
{120005, 120069}, -- 1D4C5..1D505
{120071, 120074}, -- 1D507..1D50A
{120077, 120084}, -- 1D50D..1D514
{120086, 120092}, -- 1D516..1D51C
{120094, 120121}, -- 1D51E..1D539
{120123, 120126}, -- 1D53B..1D53E
{120128, 120132}, -- 1D540..1D544
{120138, 120144}, -- 1D54A..1D550
{120146, 120485}, -- 1D552..1D6A5
{120488, 120779}, -- 1D6A8..1D7CB
{120782, 120831}, -- 1D7CE..1D7FF
{122624, 122654}, -- 1DF00..1DF1E
{122661, 122666}, -- 1DF25..1DF2A
{126065, 126132}, -- 1EC71..1ECB4
{126209, 126269}, -- 1ED01..1ED3D
{126976, 127019}, -- 1F000..1F02B
{127024, 127123}, -- 1F030..1F093
{127136, 127150}, -- 1F0A0..1F0AE
{127153, 127167}, -- 1F0B1..1F0BF
{127169, 127183}, -- 1F0C1..1F0CF
{127185, 127221}, -- 1F0D1..1F0F5
{127232, 127405}, -- 1F100..1F1AD
{127462, 127487}, -- 1F1E6..1F1FF
{127489, 127490}, -- 1F201..1F202
{127504, 127547}, -- 1F210..1F23B
{127552, 127560}, -- 1F240..1F248
{127568, 127569}, -- 1F250..1F251
{127584, 127589}, -- 1F260..1F265
{127744, 128728}, -- 1F300..1F6D8
{128732, 128748}, -- 1F6DC..1F6EC
{128752, 128764}, -- 1F6F0..1F6FC
{128768, 128985}, -- 1F700..1F7D9
{128992, 129003}, -- 1F7E0..1F7EB
{129024, 129035}, -- 1F800..1F80B
{129040, 129095}, -- 1F810..1F847
{129104, 129113}, -- 1F850..1F859
{129120, 129159}, -- 1F860..1F887
{129168, 129197}, -- 1F890..1F8AD
{129200, 129211}, -- 1F8B0..1F8BB
{129216, 129217}, -- 1F8C0..1F8C1
{129232, 129240}, -- 1F8D0..1F8D8
{129280, 129623}, -- 1F900..1FA57
{129632, 129645}, -- 1FA60..1FA6D
{129648, 129660}, -- 1FA70..1FA7C
{129664, 129674}, -- 1FA80..1FA8A
{129678, 129734}, -- 1FA8E..1FAC6
{129741, 129756}, -- 1FACD..1FADC
{129759, 129770}, -- 1FADF..1FAEA
{129775, 129784}, -- 1FAEF..1FAF8
{129792, 129938}, -- 1FB00..1FB92
{129940, 130042}, -- 1FB94..1FBFA
{917536, 917631}, -- E0020..E007F
}
--[[--------------------------< S P E C I A L S _ T >---------------------------------------------------------
list of individual language-specific non-Latn and non-Zyyy codepoints; these codepoints commonly used in
transliterations. This list is manually currated so is most likely incomplete.
keys to <specials_t> are decimal codepoints; other keys are language tags (always lowercase) of language
transliterations that use these non-Latn codepoints.
]]
local specials_t = {
[788] = { -- U+0314: COMBINING REVERSED COMMA ABOVE
["hy"] = true, -- Armenian
},
[794] = { -- U+031A: COMBINING LEFT ANGLE ABOVE
["ltc"] = true, -- Middle Chinese; is this really IPA?
},
[795] = { -- U+031B: COMBINING HORN
["th"] = true, -- Thai
},
[806] = { -- U+0326: COMBINING COMMA BELOW
["ab"] = true, -- Abkhaz
["kca"] = true, -- Khanty
["xal"] = true, -- Kalmyk or Oirat
},
[807] = { -- U+0327: COMBINING CEDILLA
["fa"] = true, -- Persian
},
[809] = { -- U+0329: COMBINING VERTICAL LINE BELOW
["ab"] = true, -- Abkhaz
["sa"] = true, -- Sanskrit
},
[815] = { -- U+032F: COMBINING INVERTED BREVE BELOW
["mong"] = true, -- Mongolian
["xsc"] = true, -- Scythian
},
[818] = { -- U+0332: COMBINING LOW LINE
["ar"] = true, -- Arabic
["hbo"] = true, -- Ancient Hebrew
["he"] = true, -- Hebrew
["jpa"] = true, -- Jewish Palestinian Aramaic
["mdh"] = true, -- Maguindanaon
["otk"] = true, -- Old Turkish
},
[831] = { -- U+033F: COMBINING DOUBLE OVERLINE
["mnp"] = true, -- Northern Min Chinese, Jian'ou dialect
},
[855] = { -- U+0357: COMBINING RIGHT HALF RING ABOVE
["egy"] = true, -- Ancient Egyptian
},
[863] = { -- U+035F: COMBINING DOUBLE MACRON BELOW
["am"] = true, -- Amharic
["ar"] = true, -- Arabic
["dv"] = true, -- Dhivehi, Divehi, or Maldivian
["fa"] = true, -- Persian
["hi"] = true, -- Hindi
["inc"] = true, -- Indic languages
["ur"] = true, -- Urdu
},
[864] = { -- U+0360: COMBINING DOUBLE TILDE
["hi"] = true, -- Hindi
},
[865] = { -- U+0361: COMBINING DOUBLE INVERTED BREVE
["be"] = true, -- Belarusian
["ltc"] = true, -- Middle Chinese; is this really IPA?
["ru"] = true, -- Russian
["rue"] = true, -- Rusyn
["sem"] = true, -- Semitic languages
["sit"] = true, -- Sino-Tibetan languages
["tt"] = true, -- Tatar
},
[916] = { -- U+0394: GREEK CAPITAL LETTER DELTA
["xsc"] = true, -- Scythian
["xsc-x-pontic"] = true, -- Pontic Scythian
},
[920] = { -- U+0398: GREEK CAPITAL LETTER THETA
["ae"] = true, -- Avestan
},
[934] = { -- U+03A6: GREEK CAPITAL LETTER PHI
["xle"] = true, -- Lemnian
},
[945] = { -- U+03B1: GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA
["apc"] = true, -- Levantine Arabic
},
[946] = { -- U+03B2: GREEK SMALL LETTER BETA
["ae"] = true, -- Avestan
["gha"] = true, -- Ghadamès
["ougr"] = true, -- Old Uyghur
["sem"] = true, -- Semitic languages
["syc"] = true, -- Classical Syriac
["wuu"] = true, -- Shanghainese variety of Wu Chinese
},
[947] = { -- U+03B3: GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA
["ae"] = true, -- Avestan
["ltc"] = true, -- Late Middle Chinese
["mn"] = true, -- Mongolian
["och"] = true, -- Old Chinese
["ougr"] = true, -- Old Uyghur
["pal"] = true, -- Middle Persian
["syc"] = true, -- Classical Syriac
["syr"] = true, -- Syriac
["xal"] = true, -- Kalmyk or Oirat
["xng"] = true, -- Middle Mongolian
["xsc"] = true, -- Scythian
["ydg"] = true, -- Yidgha
["mong"] = true, -- Mongolian
},
[948] = { -- U+03B4: GREEK SMALL LETTER DELTA
["ae"] = true, -- Avestan
["ougr"] = true, -- Old Uyghur
["sog"] = true, -- Sogdian
["sogd"] = true, -- Sogdian
["syc"] = true, -- Classical Syriac
["xpr"] = true, -- Parthian
["xsc"] = true, -- Scythian
["xsc-x-pontic"] = true, -- Pontic Scythian
},
[952] = { -- U+03B8: GREEK SMALL LETTER THETA
["ae"] = true, -- Avestan
["ba"] = true, -- Bashkir
["cms"] = true, -- Messapic
["ett"] = true, -- Etruscan
["hur"] = true, -- Halkomelem
["ira"] = true, -- Iranian languages
["my"] = true, -- Burmese
["pal"] = true, -- Middle Persian (Pahlavi)
["peo"] = true, -- Old Persian
["sa"] = true, -- Sanskrit
["sem"] = true, -- Semitic languages
["syc"] = true, -- Classical Syriac
["syr"] = true, -- Syriac
["xme"] = true, -- Median
["xpg"] = true, -- Phrygian
["xpr"] = true, -- Parthian
["xsc"] = true, -- Scythian
},
[955] = { -- U+03BB: GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA
["xcr"] = true, -- Carian
["xld"] = true, -- Lydian
},
[963] = { -- U+03C3: GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA
["ett"] = true, -- Etruscan
},
[964] = { -- U+03C4: GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU
["xld"] = true, -- Lydian
},
[966] = { -- U+03C6: GREEK SMALL LETTER PHI
["ett"] = true, -- Etruscan
},
[967] = { -- U+03C7: GREEK SMALL LETTER CHI
["ett"] = true, -- Etruscan
["gem"] = true, -- Germanic languages
["hur"] = true, -- Halkomelem
["kbd"] = true, -- Kabardian
["ltc"] = true, -- Late Middle Chinese
["och"] = true, -- Old Chinese
["xlc"] = true, -- Lycian
["xle"] = true, -- Lemnian
},
[968] = { -- U+03C8: GREEK SMALL LETTER PSI
["ett"] = true, -- Etruscan
},
[977] = { -- U+03D1: GREEK THETA SYMBOL (cursive form)
["ae"] = true, -- Avestan
["ira"] = true, -- Iranian languages
["peo"] = true, -- Old Persian
["xme"] = true, -- Median
["xsc"] = true, -- Scythian
["xsc-x-pontic"] = true, -- Pontic Scythian
},
[1098] = { -- U+044A: CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER HARD SIGN
["ady"] = true, -- Adyghe
["cu"] = true, -- Church Slavic
["zls"] = true, -- South Slavic languages
},
[1100] = { -- U+044C: CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER SOFT SIGN
["az"] = true, -- Azerbaijani
["cu"] = true, -- Church Slavonic
["dng"] = true, -- Dungan
["ru"] = true, -- Russian
["tt"] = true, -- Tatar
["tyv"] = true, -- Tuvinian
},
[1278] = { -- U+04FE: CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER HA WITH STROKE
["av"] = true, -- Avar
},
[1279] = { -- U+04FF: CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER HA WITH STROKE
["av"] = true, -- Avar
},
[8113] = { -- U+1FB1: GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH MACRON
["apc"] = true, -- Levantine Arabic
},
[8190] = { -- U+1FFE: GREEK DASIA
["ar"] = true, -- Arabic (Ayin)
["xcl"] = true, -- Classical Armenian
},
[19978] = { -- U+4E0A: [CJK Unified Ideographs]
["wuu"] = true, -- Wu Chinese tone marker
},
[20837] = { -- U+5165: [CJK Unified Ideographs]
["wuu"] = true, -- Wu Chinese tone marker
},
[21435] = { -- U+53BB: [CJK Unified Ideographs]
["wuu"] = true, -- Wu Chinese tone marker
},
[24179] = { -- U+5E73: [CJK Unified Ideographs]
["wuu"] = true, -- Wu Chinese tone marker
},
[38451] = { -- U+9633: [CJK Unified Ideographs] (Yang)
["wuu"] = true, -- Suzhou dialect of Wu Chinese tone marker --[[Suzhou dialect#Tones]]
},
[38452] = { -- U+9634: [CJK Unified Ideographs] (Yin)
["wuu"] = true, -- Suzhou dialect of Wu Chinese tone marker --[[Suzhou dialect#Tones]]
},
[65056] = { -- U+FE20: COMBINING LIGATURE LEFT HALF
["ru"] = true, -- Russian
},
[65057] = { -- U+FE21: COMBINING LIGATURE RIGHT HALF
["ru"] = true, -- Russian
},
}
--[[--------------------------< E X P O R T S >---------------------------------------------------------------
]]
return {
ranges_t = ranges_t,
singles_t = singles_t,
specials_t = specials_t,
sizeof_ranges_t = #ranges_t,
}
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text/plain
--[[--------------------------< S I N G L E S _ T >-----------------------------------------------------------
list of Latn and Zyyy (common) codepoints that are not included in <ranges_t> taken from Module:Unicode data/scripts
and a local copy of https://www.unicode.org/Public/17.0.0/ucd/ScriptExtensions.txt using Module:Lang/data/make is latn data
]]
local singles_t = {
[170] = true, -- 00AA
[186] = true, -- 00BA
[215] = true, -- 00D7
[247] = true, -- 00F7
[787] = true, -- 0313
[856] = true, -- 0358
[862] = true, -- 035E
[884] = true, -- 0374
[894] = true, -- 037E
[901] = true, -- 0385
[903] = true, -- 0387
[1541] = true, -- 0605
[1548] = true, -- 060C
[1563] = true, -- 061B
[1567] = true, -- 061F
[1600] = true, -- 0640
[1757] = true, -- 06DD
[2274] = true, -- 08E2
[3647] = true, -- 0E3F
[4347] = true, -- 10FB
[6149] = true, -- 1805
[7379] = true, -- 1CD3
[7393] = true, -- 1CE1
[7418] = true, -- 1CFA
[7672] = true, -- 1DF8
[8305] = true, -- 2071
[8319] = true, -- 207F
[8432] = true, -- 20F0
[8498] = true, -- 2132
[8526] = true, -- 214E
[12294] = true, -- 3006
[12448] = true, -- 30A0
[12783] = true, -- 31EF
[13055] = true, -- 32FF
[43310] = true, -- A92E
[43471] = true, -- A9CF
[43867] = true, -- AB5B
[65279] = true, -- FEFF
[65392] = true, -- FF70
[119970] = true, -- 1D4A2
[119995] = true, -- 1D4BB
[120134] = true, -- 1D546
[129008] = true, -- 1F7F0
[129736] = true, -- 1FAC8
[917505] = true, -- E0001
}
--[[--------------------------< R A N G E S _ T >-------------------------------------------------------------
list of Latn and Zyyy (common) codepoints taken from Module:Unicode data/scripts and a local copy of
https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/ScriptExtensions.txt
]]
local ranges_t = {
{0, 169}, -- 0000..00A9
{171, 185}, -- 00AB..00B9
{187, 214}, -- 00BB..00D6
{216, 246}, -- 00D8..00F6
{248, 745}, -- 00F8..02E9
{748, 782}, -- 02EC..030E
{784, 785}, -- 0310..0311
{803, 805}, -- 0323..0325
{813, 814}, -- 032D..032E
{816, 817}, -- 0330..0331
{867, 879}, -- 0363..036F
{1157, 1158}, -- 0485..0486
{2385, 2386}, -- 0951..0952
{2404, 2405}, -- 0964..0965
{4053, 4056}, -- 0FD5..0FD8
{5867, 5869}, -- 16EB..16ED
{5941, 5942}, -- 1735..1736
{6146, 6147}, -- 1802..1803
{7401, 7404}, -- 1CE9..1CEC
{7406, 7411}, -- 1CEE..1CF3
{7413, 7415}, -- 1CF5..1CF7
{7424, 7461}, -- 1D00..1D25
{7468, 7516}, -- 1D2C..1D5C
{7522, 7525}, -- 1D62..1D65
{7531, 7543}, -- 1D6B..1D77
{7545, 7614}, -- 1D79..1DBE
{7680, 7935}, -- 1E00..1EFF
{8192, 8203}, -- 2000..200B
{8206, 8292}, -- 200E..2064
{8294, 8304}, -- 2066..2070
{8308, 8318}, -- 2074..207E
{8320, 8334}, -- 2080..208E
{8336, 8348}, -- 2090..209C
{8352, 8385}, -- 20A0..20C1
{8448, 8485}, -- 2100..2125
{8487, 8497}, -- 2127..2131
{8499, 8525}, -- 2133..214D
{8527, 8587}, -- 214F..218B
{8592, 9257}, -- 2190..2429
{9280, 9290}, -- 2440..244A
{9312, 10239}, -- 2460..27FF
{10496, 11123}, -- 2900..2B73
{11126, 11263}, -- 2B76..2BFF
{11360, 11391}, -- 2C60..2C7F
{11776, 11869}, -- 2E00..2E5D
{12272, 12292}, -- 2FF0..3004
{12296, 12320}, -- 3008..3020
{12336, 12343}, -- 3030..3037
{12348, 12351}, -- 303C..303F
{12443, 12444}, -- 309B..309C
{12539, 12540}, -- 30FB..30FC
{12688, 12703}, -- 3190..319F
{12736, 12773}, -- 31C0..31E5
{12832, 12895}, -- 3220..325F
{12927, 13007}, -- 327F..32CF
{13144, 13311}, -- 3358..33FF
{19904, 19967}, -- 4DC0..4DFF
{42752, 42972}, -- A700..A7DC
{42993, 43007}, -- A7F1..A7FF
{43056, 43065}, -- A830..A839
{43824, 43866}, -- AB30..AB5A
{43868, 43876}, -- AB5C..AB64
{43878, 43883}, -- AB66..AB6B
{64256, 64262}, -- FB00..FB06
{64830, 64831}, -- FD3E..FD3F
{65040, 65049}, -- FE10..FE19
{65072, 65106}, -- FE30..FE52
{65108, 65126}, -- FE54..FE66
{65128, 65131}, -- FE68..FE6B
{65281, 65381}, -- FF01..FF65
{65438, 65439}, -- FF9E..FF9F
{65504, 65510}, -- FFE0..FFE6
{65512, 65518}, -- FFE8..FFEE
{65529, 65533}, -- FFF9..FFFD
{65792, 65794}, -- 10100..10102
{65799, 65843}, -- 10107..10133
{65847, 65855}, -- 10137..1013F
{65936, 65948}, -- 10190..1019C
{66000, 66044}, -- 101D0..101FC
{66273, 66299}, -- 102E1..102FB
{67456, 67461}, -- 10780..10785
{67463, 67504}, -- 10787..107B0
{67506, 67514}, -- 107B2..107BA
{113824, 113827}, -- 1BCA0..1BCA3
{117760, 118012}, -- 1CC00..1CCFC
{118016, 118451}, -- 1CD00..1CEB3
{118458, 118480}, -- 1CEBA..1CED0
{118496, 118512}, -- 1CEE0..1CEF0
{118608, 118723}, -- 1CF50..1CFC3
{118784, 119029}, -- 1D000..1D0F5
{119040, 119078}, -- 1D100..1D126
{119081, 119142}, -- 1D129..1D166
{119146, 119162}, -- 1D16A..1D17A
{119171, 119172}, -- 1D183..1D184
{119180, 119209}, -- 1D18C..1D1A9
{119214, 119274}, -- 1D1AE..1D1EA
{119488, 119507}, -- 1D2C0..1D2D3
{119520, 119539}, -- 1D2E0..1D2F3
{119552, 119638}, -- 1D300..1D356
{119648, 119672}, -- 1D360..1D378
{119808, 119892}, -- 1D400..1D454
{119894, 119964}, -- 1D456..1D49C
{119966, 119967}, -- 1D49E..1D49F
{119973, 119974}, -- 1D4A5..1D4A6
{119977, 119980}, -- 1D4A9..1D4AC
{119982, 119993}, -- 1D4AE..1D4B9
{119997, 120003}, -- 1D4BD..1D4C3
{120005, 120069}, -- 1D4C5..1D505
{120071, 120074}, -- 1D507..1D50A
{120077, 120084}, -- 1D50D..1D514
{120086, 120092}, -- 1D516..1D51C
{120094, 120121}, -- 1D51E..1D539
{120123, 120126}, -- 1D53B..1D53E
{120128, 120132}, -- 1D540..1D544
{120138, 120144}, -- 1D54A..1D550
{120146, 120485}, -- 1D552..1D6A5
{120488, 120779}, -- 1D6A8..1D7CB
{120782, 120831}, -- 1D7CE..1D7FF
{122624, 122654}, -- 1DF00..1DF1E
{122661, 122666}, -- 1DF25..1DF2A
{126065, 126132}, -- 1EC71..1ECB4
{126209, 126269}, -- 1ED01..1ED3D
{126976, 127019}, -- 1F000..1F02B
{127024, 127123}, -- 1F030..1F093
{127136, 127150}, -- 1F0A0..1F0AE
{127153, 127167}, -- 1F0B1..1F0BF
{127169, 127183}, -- 1F0C1..1F0CF
{127185, 127221}, -- 1F0D1..1F0F5
{127232, 127405}, -- 1F100..1F1AD
{127462, 127487}, -- 1F1E6..1F1FF
{127489, 127490}, -- 1F201..1F202
{127504, 127547}, -- 1F210..1F23B
{127552, 127560}, -- 1F240..1F248
{127568, 127569}, -- 1F250..1F251
{127584, 127589}, -- 1F260..1F265
{127744, 128728}, -- 1F300..1F6D8
{128732, 128748}, -- 1F6DC..1F6EC
{128752, 128764}, -- 1F6F0..1F6FC
{128768, 128985}, -- 1F700..1F7D9
{128992, 129003}, -- 1F7E0..1F7EB
{129024, 129035}, -- 1F800..1F80B
{129040, 129095}, -- 1F810..1F847
{129104, 129113}, -- 1F850..1F859
{129120, 129159}, -- 1F860..1F887
{129168, 129197}, -- 1F890..1F8AD
{129200, 129211}, -- 1F8B0..1F8BB
{129216, 129217}, -- 1F8C0..1F8C1
{129232, 129240}, -- 1F8D0..1F8D8
{129280, 129623}, -- 1F900..1FA57
{129632, 129645}, -- 1FA60..1FA6D
{129648, 129660}, -- 1FA70..1FA7C
{129664, 129674}, -- 1FA80..1FA8A
{129678, 129734}, -- 1FA8E..1FAC6
{129741, 129756}, -- 1FACD..1FADC
{129759, 129770}, -- 1FADF..1FAEA
{129775, 129784}, -- 1FAEF..1FAF8
{129792, 129938}, -- 1FB00..1FB92
{129940, 130042}, -- 1FB94..1FBFA
{917536, 917631}, -- E0020..E007F
}
--[[--------------------------< S P E C I A L S _ T >---------------------------------------------------------
list of individual language-specific non-Latn and non-Zyyy codepoints; these codepoints commonly used in
transliterations. This list is manually currated so is most likely incomplete.
keys to <specials_t> are decimal codepoints; other keys are language tags (always lowercase) of language
transliterations that use these non-Latn codepoints.
]]
local specials_t = {
[788] = { -- U+0314: COMBINING REVERSED COMMA ABOVE
["hy"] = true, -- Armenian
},
[794] = { -- U+031A: COMBINING LEFT ANGLE ABOVE
["ltc"] = true, -- Middle Chinese; is this really IPA?
},
[795] = { -- U+031B: COMBINING HORN
["th"] = true, -- Thai
},
[806] = { -- U+0326: COMBINING COMMA BELOW
["ab"] = true, -- Abkhaz
["kca"] = true, -- Khanty
["xal"] = true, -- Kalmyk or Oirat
},
[807] = { -- U+0327: COMBINING CEDILLA
["fa"] = true, -- Persian
},
[809] = { -- U+0329: COMBINING VERTICAL LINE BELOW
["ab"] = true, -- Abkhaz
["sa"] = true, -- Sanskrit
},
[815] = { -- U+032F: COMBINING INVERTED BREVE BELOW
["mong"] = true, -- Mongolian
["xsc"] = true, -- Scythian
},
[818] = { -- U+0332: COMBINING LOW LINE
["ar"] = true, -- Arabic
["hbo"] = true, -- Ancient Hebrew
["he"] = true, -- Hebrew
["jpa"] = true, -- Jewish Palestinian Aramaic
["mdh"] = true, -- Maguindanaon
["otk"] = true, -- Old Turkish
},
[831] = { -- U+033F: COMBINING DOUBLE OVERLINE
["mnp"] = true, -- Northern Min Chinese, Jian'ou dialect
},
[855] = { -- U+0357: COMBINING RIGHT HALF RING ABOVE
["egy"] = true, -- Ancient Egyptian
},
[863] = { -- U+035F: COMBINING DOUBLE MACRON BELOW
["am"] = true, -- Amharic
["ar"] = true, -- Arabic
["dv"] = true, -- Dhivehi, Divehi, or Maldivian
["fa"] = true, -- Persian
["hi"] = true, -- Hindi
["inc"] = true, -- Indic languages
["ur"] = true, -- Urdu
},
[864] = { -- U+0360: COMBINING DOUBLE TILDE
["hi"] = true, -- Hindi
},
[865] = { -- U+0361: COMBINING DOUBLE INVERTED BREVE
["be"] = true, -- Belarusian
["ltc"] = true, -- Middle Chinese; is this really IPA?
["ru"] = true, -- Russian
["rue"] = true, -- Rusyn
["sem"] = true, -- Semitic languages
["sit"] = true, -- Sino-Tibetan languages
["tt"] = true, -- Tatar
},
[916] = { -- U+0394: GREEK CAPITAL LETTER DELTA
["xsc"] = true, -- Scythian
["xsc-x-pontic"] = true, -- Pontic Scythian
},
[920] = { -- U+0398: GREEK CAPITAL LETTER THETA
["ae"] = true, -- Avestan
},
[934] = { -- U+03A6: GREEK CAPITAL LETTER PHI
["xle"] = true, -- Lemnian
},
[945] = { -- U+03B1: GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA
["apc"] = true, -- Levantine Arabic
},
[946] = { -- U+03B2: GREEK SMALL LETTER BETA
["ae"] = true, -- Avestan
["gha"] = true, -- Ghadamès
["ougr"] = true, -- Old Uyghur
["sem"] = true, -- Semitic languages
["syc"] = true, -- Classical Syriac
["wuu"] = true, -- Shanghainese variety of Wu Chinese
},
[947] = { -- U+03B3: GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA
["ae"] = true, -- Avestan
["ltc"] = true, -- Late Middle Chinese
["mn"] = true, -- Mongolian
["och"] = true, -- Old Chinese
["ougr"] = true, -- Old Uyghur
["pal"] = true, -- Middle Persian
["syc"] = true, -- Classical Syriac
["syr"] = true, -- Syriac
["xal"] = true, -- Kalmyk or Oirat
["xng"] = true, -- Middle Mongolian
["xsc"] = true, -- Scythian
["ydg"] = true, -- Yidgha
["mong"] = true, -- Mongolian
},
[948] = { -- U+03B4: GREEK SMALL LETTER DELTA
["ae"] = true, -- Avestan
["ougr"] = true, -- Old Uyghur
["sog"] = true, -- Sogdian
["sogd"] = true, -- Sogdian
["syc"] = true, -- Classical Syriac
["xpr"] = true, -- Parthian
["xsc"] = true, -- Scythian
["xsc-x-pontic"] = true, -- Pontic Scythian
},
[952] = { -- U+03B8: GREEK SMALL LETTER THETA
["ae"] = true, -- Avestan
["ba"] = true, -- Bashkir
["cms"] = true, -- Messapic
["ett"] = true, -- Etruscan
["hur"] = true, -- Halkomelem
["ira"] = true, -- Iranian languages
["my"] = true, -- Burmese
["pal"] = true, -- Middle Persian (Pahlavi)
["peo"] = true, -- Old Persian
["sa"] = true, -- Sanskrit
["sem"] = true, -- Semitic languages
["syc"] = true, -- Classical Syriac
["syr"] = true, -- Syriac
["xme"] = true, -- Median
["xpg"] = true, -- Phrygian
["xpr"] = true, -- Parthian
["xsc"] = true, -- Scythian
},
[955] = { -- U+03BB: GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA
["xcr"] = true, -- Carian
["xld"] = true, -- Lydian
},
[963] = { -- U+03C3: GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA
["ett"] = true, -- Etruscan
},
[964] = { -- U+03C4: GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU
["xld"] = true, -- Lydian
},
[966] = { -- U+03C6: GREEK SMALL LETTER PHI
["ett"] = true, -- Etruscan
},
[967] = { -- U+03C7: GREEK SMALL LETTER CHI
["ett"] = true, -- Etruscan
["gem"] = true, -- Germanic languages
["hur"] = true, -- Halkomelem
["kbd"] = true, -- Kabardian
["ltc"] = true, -- Late Middle Chinese
["och"] = true, -- Old Chinese
["xlc"] = true, -- Lycian
["xle"] = true, -- Lemnian
},
[968] = { -- U+03C8: GREEK SMALL LETTER PSI
["ett"] = true, -- Etruscan
},
[977] = { -- U+03D1: GREEK THETA SYMBOL (cursive form)
["ae"] = true, -- Avestan
["ira"] = true, -- Iranian languages
["peo"] = true, -- Old Persian
["xme"] = true, -- Median
["xsc"] = true, -- Scythian
["xsc-x-pontic"] = true, -- Pontic Scythian
},
[1098] = { -- U+044A: CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER HARD SIGN
["ady"] = true, -- Adyghe
["cu"] = true, -- Church Slavic
["zls"] = true, -- South Slavic languages
},
[1100] = { -- U+044C: CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER SOFT SIGN
["az"] = true, -- Azerbaijani
["cu"] = true, -- Church Slavonic
["dng"] = true, -- Dungan
["ru"] = true, -- Russian
["tt"] = true, -- Tatar
["tyv"] = true, -- Tuvinian
},
[1278] = { -- U+04FE: CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER HA WITH STROKE
["av"] = true, -- Avar
},
[1279] = { -- U+04FF: CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER HA WITH STROKE
["av"] = true, -- Avar
},
[8113] = { -- U+1FB1: GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH MACRON
["apc"] = true, -- Levantine Arabic
},
[8190] = { -- U+1FFE: GREEK DASIA
["ar"] = true, -- Arabic (Ayin)
["xcl"] = true, -- Classical Armenian
},
[19978] = { -- U+4E0A: [CJK Unified Ideographs]
["wuu"] = true, -- Wu Chinese tone marker
},
[20837] = { -- U+5165: [CJK Unified Ideographs]
["wuu"] = true, -- Wu Chinese tone marker
},
[21435] = { -- U+53BB: [CJK Unified Ideographs]
["wuu"] = true, -- Wu Chinese tone marker
},
[24179] = { -- U+5E73: [CJK Unified Ideographs]
["wuu"] = true, -- Wu Chinese tone marker
},
[38451] = { -- U+9633: [CJK Unified Ideographs] (Yang)
["wuu"] = true, -- Suzhou dialect of Wu Chinese tone marker --[[Suzhou dialect#Tones]]
},
[38452] = { -- U+9634: [CJK Unified Ideographs] (Yin)
["wuu"] = true, -- Suzhou dialect of Wu Chinese tone marker --[[Suzhou dialect#Tones]]
},
[65056] = { -- U+FE20: COMBINING LIGATURE LEFT HALF
["ru"] = true, -- Russian
},
[65057] = { -- U+FE21: COMBINING LIGATURE RIGHT HALF
["ru"] = true, -- Russian
},
}
--[[--------------------------< E X P O R T S >---------------------------------------------------------------
]]
return {
ranges_t = ranges_t,
singles_t = singles_t,
specials_t = specials_t,
sizeof_ranges_t = #ranges_t,
}
dc83p4l9k8mwwdqbirq3l5ieeolwkb8
ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:Hariprasad Shetty10/ಕಲ್ಪುನಕಳ
2
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Hariprasad Shetty10
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/* ಆರಂಬೊದ ಜೀವನ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ */
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wikitext
text/x-wiki
'''ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜ''' ಎಸ್.ಜೆ.; 6 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1897 – 12 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1977 ಭಾರತದ ಒಂಜಿ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಪಾದ್ರಿ, ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ ತಜ್ಞ, ಲೇಖಕ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಭಾರತದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆದ (1946–1950) ಸದಸ್ಯ ಆದ್ ಇತ್ತಿನಾರ್.<ref name="Parliamentofindia.nic.in">{{cite web |url=http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/debates/vol1p1.htm |title=CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY OF INDIA – Volume I |publisher=Parliament of India |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160706203405/http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/debates/vol1p1.htm |archive-date=6 July 2016 |url-status=dead |access-date=28 December 2017}}</ref>
[[File:Jerome D'Souza 2 (1897-1977).jpg|thumb|ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜ]]
==ಆರಂಭೊದ ಜೀವನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ==
ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷ್ ಭಾರತದ ಅಂದಿನ [[ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಕನ್ನಡ]] ಜಿಲ್ಲೆದ [[ಮೂಲ್ಕಿ]] ಪಟ್ಟಣದ ಒಂಜಿ ಕ್ಯಾಥೊಲಿಕ್ ಕುಟುಂಬೊಡು 6 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1897ಡ್ ಜನನ ಆಯೆರ್. ಬುದ್ದಿವಂತಿಕೆದ ಆಸಕ್ತಿ ಇತ್ತಿನ ಕುಟುಂಬೊಡು ಬುಳೆದಿನ ಕಾರಣೊಡ್ದು, ಬಾಲ್ಯೊಡೇ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಸ್ಥಳೀಯ ಭಾಷೆಲೆನು ಪೂರಾ ಕಲ್ತಿನಾರ್. ಅರೆನ ಪ್ರೌಢ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣನ್ ಸೇಂಟ್ ಅಲೋಶಿಯಸ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ಮಂಗಳೂರುಡ್ ಪೂರೈಸಿಯೆರ್. ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಉನ್ನತ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣನ್ ಸೇಂಟ್ ಜೋಸೆಫ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ತಿರುಚಿರಾಪಳ್ಳಿ, [[ತಮಿಳುನಾಡು]])ಡ್ ಮಂತೆರ್. ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ವಿಶ್ವವಿದ್ಯಾನಿಲಯೊಡ್ ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷ್ ಸಾಹಿತ್ಯೊದ ಪದವಿನ್ ಸಂಪಾದಿಸಾಯೆರ್. ಪದವಿ ಮುಗಿತ್ತಿನ ಪಿರ ಒಂಜಿ ವರ್ಷ ಸೇಂಟ್ ಜೋಸೆಫ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ತಿರುಚಿರಾಪಳ್ಳಿಡ್ ಉಪನ್ಯಾಸಕರಾದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಪಿರ 29 ಮೇ 1921ಡ್ ಸೊಸೈಟಿ ಆಫ್ ಜೀಸಸ್ ಸೇರರೆ ನಿರ್ಣಯ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fr Jerome D'Souza: A pioneering Mangalorean Jesuit |url=https://konkancatholic.com/fr-jerome-dsouza-a-pioneering-mangalorean-jesuit/ |website=KONKANCATHOLIC.COM |language=en |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>
ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಸಂಪ್ರದಾಯೊದ ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯ ಧಾರ್ಮಿಕ ತರಬೇತಿನ್ ಪೂರೈಸಿನಾರ್. ಧರ್ಮಶಾಸ್ತ್ರದ ಅಧ್ಯಯನನ್ ಬೆಲ್ಜಿಯಂಡ್ ಫ್ರೆಂಚ್ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಪಾದ್ರಿಲೆಡ್ದ್ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್. 30 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1931ಡ್ ಎಂಘಿಯನ್, ಬೆಲ್ಜಿಯಂಡ್ ಕ್ಯಾಥೊಲಿಕ್ ಪಾದ್ರಿಯಾದ್ ಅಭಿಷೇಕ ಆಯೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jerome D'Souza |url=https://www.constitutionofindia.net/members/jerome-dsouza-2/ |website=Constitution of India |language=en-US |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref> ಅತ್ತಂದೆ [[ಮಂಗಳೂರು]] ಕ್ಯಾಥೊಲಿಕ್ ಸಮುದಾಯೊದ ಸದಸ್ಯೆಲಾ ಆಯೆರ್.
==ತಮಿಳುನಾಡುದ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣತಜ್ಞ==
1933ಡ್ ಭಾರತಕ್ಕೆ ತಿರುಗಿ ಬತ್ತಿನ ಪಿರ, ಅವೆರ್ ಓದಿತ್ತಿನ [[ಸೇಂಟ್ ಜೋಸೆಫ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ತಿರುಚಿರಾಪಳ್ಳಿ|ಸೇಂಟ್ ಜೋಸೆಫ್ ಕಾಲೇಜ್ದ್]], ತಿರುಚಿರಾಪಳ್ಳಿಡ್ ಪ್ರಾಧ್ಯಾಪಕರಾದ್ ನೇಮಕ ಆಪಿನಾರ್. ಕೊರಿಯೊ ಸಮಯದ ಪಿರ ಅ ಕಾಲೇಜ್ದ್ ರೆಕ್ಟರ್ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಅಧ್ಯಕ್ಷರಾದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್.
ಸಮರ್ಥ ಆಡಳಿತಗಾರ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಪ್ರಭಾವಶಾಲಿ ಭಾಷಣಕಾರ ಆಪಿನ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್, ಬೇಗನೆ ಅಂದಿನ [[ಭಾರತೀಯ ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ಕಾಂಗ್ರೆಸ್]]ದ ಅಧ್ಯಕ್ಷ ಸರ್ [[ಸಿ. ರಾಜಗೋಪಾಲಾಚಾರಿ]] (ರಾಜಾಜಿ) ಯೆರ್ ಗಮನನ್ ಸೆರೆದಿನಾರ್.
1942ಡ್ ಅವೆರ್ನ್ [[ಲೊಯೊಲಾ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ಚೆನ್ನೈ|ಲೊಯೊಲಾ ಕಾಲೇಜು]], ಚೆನ್ನೈಗ್ (ಅಂದಿನ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್) ರೆಕ್ಟರ್ಆದ್ ವರ್ಗಾವಣೆ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್. ಅನಂತರ ಕಾಲೇಜ್ದ್ ಪ್ರಾಂಶುಪಾಲರಾದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Raghavan |first=Vikram |date=26 January 2020 |title=The forgotten founders of India |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/the-forgotten-founders-of-india/articleshow/73617916.cms?from=mdr |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389 |access-date=28 February 2025}}</ref>
ಅವರ್ [[ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ವಿಶ್ವವಿದ್ಯಾನಿಲಯ]]ದ ಕಾನೂನು ಸಂಬಂಧಿತ ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿಡ್ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಪಾತ್ರ ವಹಿಸಿನಾರ್. ಭಾರತದ ಸ್ವಾತಂತ್ರ್ಯದ ಸನಿಹಡ್ ದೇಶಗ್ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನೆ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ ಒಂಜಿ ಸಭೆ ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಸಮಯಡ್, ಸಿ. ರಾಜಗೋಪಾಲಾಚಾರಿಯೆರ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ಪುದರ್ನ್ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ವಿಧಾನಸಭೆಗ್ ಶಿಫಾರಸು ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್. ಅನಂತರ ಅವೆರ್ ದೆಹಲಿಡ್ ನಡೆದ [[ಭಾರತದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆ]]ಗ್ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ವಿಧಾನಸಭೆದ ಪ್ರತಿನಿಧಿಯಾದ್ ಆಯ್ಕೆ ಆಪಿನಾರ್.
==ಭಾರತದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆದ ಸದಸ್ಯ==
1946ದಿಂಚ 1950 ವರಗೆ ನಡೆದ [[ಭಾರತದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆ]]ಡ್, ಪ್ರೊಟೆಸ್ಟೆಂಟ್ ನಾಯಕ [[Harendra Coomar Mookerjee|ಎಚ್. ಸಿ. ಮುಖರ್ಜಿ]]ರ್ ಒಟ್ಟುದ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ಅಲ್ಪಸಂಖ್ಯಾತ ಸಮುದಾಯಲೆನ ಹಕ್ಕುಲೆ—ವಿಶೇಷಾದ್ ಆರಾಧನೆ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣದ ಹಕ್ಕುಲೆ—ಸಂವಿಧಾನದ ಮಸೂದೆಡ್ ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣಾದ್ ರಕ್ಷಣೆ ಆಪುನ ಪಾಡ್ದ್ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಪಾತ್ರ ವಹಿಸಿನಾರ್. ಧರ್ಮ ಆಚರಣೆ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಧರ್ಮ ಪ್ರಚಾರ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಹಕ್ಕು ಭಾರತೀಯ ಪೌರರೆಲ್ಲೆಗ್ ಮೂಲಭೂತ ಹಕ್ಕಾದ್ ಸೇರೆರೆನ ಅವೆರ್ ಪ್ರಯತ್ನಿಸಿನಾರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-08 |title=Pride of Kanara; True Son of India, Fr Jerome D'Souza SJ |url=https://www.jaaindia.com/news/book-release-function-%E2%80%9Cpride-kanara-true-son-india-fr-jerome-d%E2%80%99souza-sj%E2%80%9D |website=[www.jaaindia.com](http://www.jaaindia.com) |language=en |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>
==ರಾಜಕಾರಣಿ ಬುಕ್ಕ ರಾಜತಾಂತ್ರಿಕ==
ದೆಹಲಿ್ಡ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ಸ್ವತಂತ್ರ ಭಾರತದ ಮೊದಲ ಪ್ರಧಾನಿ [[ಜವಾಹರಲಾಲ್ ನೆಹರು]]ರ್ ವಿಶ್ವಾಸ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಗೌರವನ್ ಸಂಪಾದಿಸಿನಾರ್. ಶಿಕ್ಷಣಕ್ಕೆ ಸಂಬಂಧಪಟ್ಟ ವಿಷಯಲೆಡ್ ನೆಹರುರ್ ಅವೆರ ಸಲಹೆನ್ ಆಗಾಗ್ಗೆ ಪಡೆಯೊನಿನಾರ್. ಅವೆರ ಭಾಷಣ ಕೌಶಲ್ಯನ್ ಲೆಕ್ಕ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ನೆಹರುರ್, ಸೂಕ್ಷ್ಮ ರಾಜತಾಂತ್ರಿಕ ಮಾತುಕತೆಲೆಡ್ ಲಾ ಅವೆರ್ನ್ ಪಾಲುಗಾರರಾದ್ ನೇಮಕ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jerome D'Souza: The man who helped shape India's freedom book - Living in Faith |url=https://www.livingfaith.in/daily-reflection/jerome-dsouza-the-man-who-helped-shape-indias-freedom-book/?srsltid=AfmBOor1QRO83ZtrAMkrlEDrQnuQ6xjS_5sDJJaFD4Nhq_MDQpMRg2uS |website=[www.livingfaith.in](http://www.livingfaith.in) |language=en-US |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>
* ಭಾರತಡ್ ಬಿಷಪ್ಲೆನ ನೇಮಕ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ವಿಷಯಡ್ [[ಪೋರ್ಚುಗಲ್]]ಗ್ ಅನಗತ್ಯ ಅಧಿಕಾರ ಕೊರ್ತಿತ್ತಿನ [[Holy See|ವ್ಯಾಟಿಕನ್]]ದ [[Padroado]] ವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆನ್ ಕೊನೆಗಾಣಿಸಾವೆರೆನ ಮಾತುಕತೆಡ್ ಅವೆರ್ ಪಾಲುಗೊಂಡಿನಾರ್.
* [[ಫ್ರಾನ್ಸ್]] ಸರ್ಕಾರೊಡನೆ ನಡೆದ ಮಾತುಕತೆಲೆಡ್ ಪಾಲ್ಗೊಂಡ್, [[ಚಂದನನಗರ]], [[ಪುದುಚೇರಿ]] ಮುಂತಾದ ಫ್ರೆಂಚ್ ವಸಾಹತು ಪ್ರದೇಶಲೆ ಶಾಂತಿಯುತಾದ್ ಭಾರತಗ್ ಸೇರ್ಪಡೆ ಆಪುನ ಪ್ರಕ್ರಿಯೆಗ್ ಕೊಡುಗೆ ಕೊರಿನಾರ್.
* ನಾಲ್ಕು ಸರ್ತಿ ಭಾರತದ ನಿಯೋಗದ ಸದಸ್ಯರಾದ್ [[United Nations|ವಿಶ್ವಸಂಸ್ಥೆ]]ದ ವಾರ್ಷಿಕ ಮಹಾಸಭೆಡ್ ಭಾಗವಹಿಸಿನಾರ್.
* ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷ್ ಬಿಟ್ಟ್ ಫ್ರೆಂಚ್, ಸ್ಪ್ಯಾನಿಷ್, ಇಟಾಲಿಯನ್ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಜರ್ಮನ್ ಭಾಷೆಲೆಡ್ ಪಾಂಡಿತ್ಯ ಇತ್ತಿನ ಕಾರಣೊಡ್ದು, ಜಗತ್ತುದ ಹಲವಾರು ದೇಶಲೆಡ್ ಭಾರತೀಯ ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತಿ, ಇತಿಹಾಸ ಬುಕ್ಕ ರಾಜಕೀಯದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಉಪನ್ಯಾಸ ಕೊರಿಯೆರೆಗ್ ಅವೆರ್ನ್ ಆಹ್ವಾನಿಸಾವೊಂದುನಿನಾರ್.
==ಇಂಡಿಯನ್ ಸೋಶಿಯಲ್ ಇನ್ಸ್ಟಿಟ್ಯೂಟ್==
[[ಸೊಸೈಟಿ ಆಫ್ ಜೀಸಸ್]]ದ ಸುಪೀರಿಯರ್ ಜನರಲ್ದ ವಿನಂತಿದ ಮೇರೆಗ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ [[ಪುಣೆ]]ಡ್ [[Indian Social Institute]]ನ್ ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್. (ಈಗ ಅ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆ ನವದೆಹಲಿಡ್ ಉಂಡು.) 1951ಡ್ ''Social Action'' ಪುದರ್ದ ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಶೈಕ್ಷಣಿಕ ನಿಯತಕಾಲಿಕನ್ ಆರಂಬ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್. ಅ ಪತ್ರಿಕೆ ಇಂದ್ ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಶೈಕ್ಷಣಿಕ ವಲಯಡ್ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧಿ ಪಡ್ದುಂಡು. 1951ದಿಂಚ 1956 ವರಗೆ ಅವೆರ್ ಅ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆದ ಮೊದಲ ನಿರ್ದೇಶಕರಾದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್.
1957ಡ್ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಸಂಘದ ಸುಪೀರಿಯರ್ ಜನರಲ್ [[Jean-Baptiste Janssens]]ರೆರ್ ಭಾರತೀಯ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಏಷ್ಯಾದ ವಿಷಯಲೆಗ್ ಸಹಾಯಕ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಸಲಹೆಗಾರರಾದ್ ಅವೆರ್ನ್ ನೇಮಕ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್. 1968ಡ್ ಭಾರತಗ್ ತಿರುಗಿ ಬತ್ತಿನ ಪಿರ, ಲೇಖನ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಪುಸ್ತಕಲೆ ಬರೆಯೆರೆಡ್, ಉಪನ್ಯಾಸ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಪಾಠ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆಡ್ ತಮ್ಮ ಕೊನೆಯ ವರ್ಷಲೆ ಕಳಪಿನಾರ್. 1977ಡ್ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ಡ್ ನಿಧನ ಆಪಿನಾರ್. ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ತಮ್ಮ ಕಾಲದ ಅತ್ಯಂತ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧ [[ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್]] ಪಾದ್ರಿಲೆಡ್ದ್ ಒರ್ತೆರಾದ್ ಪರಿಗಣನೆ ಆಪುನೆರ್. ಇಂದ್ ಲಾ ಚೆನ್ನೈದ [[ಲೊಯೊಲಾ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ಚೆನ್ನೈ]] ಆವರಣದ ''Christ the King Church''ಡ್ ಉಂಡು ಅವೆರ ಸಮಾಧಿಗ್ ಬಹಳ ಜನ ಗೌರವ ಸಲ್ಲಾವೆರೆಗ್ ಬರ್ಪುನೆರ್.
==ಗೌರವ==
[[File:Jerome D'Souza 1997 stamp of India.jpg|thumb|upright=1.1|1997ಡ್ ಭಾರತ ಸರ್ಕಾರ ಬಿಡುಗಡೆ ಮಲ್ಪಿನ ಅಂಚೆ ಚೀಟಿಡ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜ]]
1997ಡ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ಜನ್ಮ ಶತಮಾನೋತ್ಸವದ ಪ್ರಯುಕ್ತ ಭಾರತ ಸರ್ಕಾರ ಸ್ಮಾರಕ ಅಂಚೆ ಚೀಟಿನ್ ಬಿಡುಗಡೆ ಮಲ್ಪುಂಡು.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jerome D'Souza, SJ |url=https://www.manresa-sj.org/stamps/1_DSouza.htm |website=[www.manresa-sj.org](http://www.manresa-sj.org) |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>
==ಕೃತಿಲು==
* ''Sardar Panikkar and the Christian Missions'', ತಿರುಚಿ, 1957.
* ''The Church and Civilization'', Garden City, 1967.
* ''Speeches and Writings'', ಮದ್ರಾಸ್, 1972.
==ಉಲ್ಲೇಖಲು==
{{reflist}}
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'''ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜ''' ಎಸ್.ಜೆ.; 6 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1897 – 12 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1977 ಭಾರತದ ಒಂಜಿ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಪಾದ್ರಿ, ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ ತಜ್ಞ, ಲೇಖಕ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಭಾರತದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆದ (1946–1950) ಸದಸ್ಯ ಆದ್ ಇತ್ತಿನಾರ್.<ref name="Parliamentofindia.nic.in">{{cite web |url=http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/debates/vol1p1.htm |title=CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY OF INDIA – Volume I |publisher=Parliament of India |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160706203405/http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/debates/vol1p1.htm |archive-date=6 July 2016 |url-status=dead |access-date=28 December 2017}}</ref>
[[File:Jerome D'Souza 2 (1897-1977).jpg|thumb|ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜ]]
==ಆರಂಭೊದ ಜೀವನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ==
ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷ್ ಭಾರತದ ಅಂದಿನ [[ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಕನ್ನಡ]] ಜಿಲ್ಲೆದ [[ಮೂಲ್ಕಿ]] ಪಟ್ಟಣದ ಒಂಜಿ ಕ್ಯಾಥೊಲಿಕ್ ಕುಟುಂಬೊಡು 6 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1897ಡ್ ಜನನ ಆಯೆರ್. ಬುದ್ದಿವಂತಿಕೆದ ಆಸಕ್ತಿ ಇತ್ತಿನ ಕುಟುಂಬೊಡು ಬುಳೆದಿನ ಕಾರಣೊಡ್ದು, ಬಾಲ್ಯೊಡೇ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಸ್ಥಳೀಯ ಭಾಷೆಲೆನು ಪೂರಾ ಕಲ್ತಿನಾರ್. ಅರೆನ ಪ್ರೌಢ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣನ್ ಸೇಂಟ್ ಅಲೋಶಿಯಸ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ಮಂಗಳೂರುಡ್ ಪೂರೈಸಿಯೆರ್. ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಉನ್ನತ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣನ್ ಸೇಂಟ್ ಜೋಸೆಫ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ತಿರುಚಿರಾಪಳ್ಳಿ, [[ತಮಿಳುನಾಡು]])ಡ್ ಮಂತೆರ್. ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ವಿಶ್ವವಿದ್ಯಾನಿಲಯೊಡ್ ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷ್ ಸಾಹಿತ್ಯೊದ ಪದವಿನ್ ಸಂಪಾದಿಸಾಯೆರ್. ಪದವಿ ಮುಗಿತ್ತಿನ ಪಿರ ಒಂಜಿ ವರ್ಷ ಸೇಂಟ್ ಜೋಸೆಫ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ತಿರುಚಿರಾಪಳ್ಳಿಡ್ ಉಪನ್ಯಾಸಕರಾದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಪಿರ 29 ಮೇ 1921ಡ್ ಸೊಸೈಟಿ ಆಫ್ ಜೀಸಸ್ ಸೇರರೆ ನಿರ್ಣಯ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fr Jerome D'Souza: A pioneering Mangalorean Jesuit |url=https://konkancatholic.com/fr-jerome-dsouza-a-pioneering-mangalorean-jesuit/ |website=KONKANCATHOLIC.COM |language=en |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>
ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಸಂಪ್ರದಾಯೊದ ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯ ಧಾರ್ಮಿಕ ತರಬೇತಿನ್ ಪೂರೈಸಿನಾರ್. ಧರ್ಮಶಾಸ್ತ್ರದ ಅಧ್ಯಯನನ್ ಬೆಲ್ಜಿಯಂಡ್ ಫ್ರೆಂಚ್ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಪಾದ್ರಿಲೆಡ್ದ್ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್. 30 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1931ಡ್ ಎಂಘಿಯನ್, ಬೆಲ್ಜಿಯಂಡ್ ಕ್ಯಾಥೊಲಿಕ್ ಪಾದ್ರಿಯಾದ್ ಅಭಿಷೇಕ ಆಯೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jerome D'Souza |url=https://www.constitutionofindia.net/members/jerome-dsouza-2/ |website=Constitution of India |language=en-US |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref> ಅತ್ತಂದೆ [[ಮಂಗಳೂರು]] ಕ್ಯಾಥೊಲಿಕ್ ಸಮುದಾಯೊದ ಸದಸ್ಯೆಲಾ ಆಯೆರ್.
==ತಮಿಳುನಾಡುದ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣತಜ್ಞ==
1933ಡ್ ಭಾರತಕ್ಕೆ ತಿರುಗಿ ಬತ್ತಿನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ, ಆರ್ ಓದುದಿನ ಸೇಂಟ್ ಜೋಸೆಫ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ತಿರುಚಿರಾಪಳ್ಳಿಡ್ ಪ್ರಾಧ್ಯಾಪಕರಾದ್ ನೇಮಕ ಆಯೆರ್. ಆವು ಆಯಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಒಂತೆ ಸಮಯೊದ ಅ ಕಾಲೇಜ್ದ್ ರೆಕ್ಟರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಅಧ್ಯಕ್ಷರಾದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ದಿನಾರ್. ಸಮರ್ಥ ಆಡಳಿತಗಾರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪ್ರಭಾವಶಾಲಿ ಭಾಷಣಕಾರ ಆಪಿನ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜರ್, ಅದಗ ಅಪಗದ [[ಭಾರತೀಯ ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ಕಾಂಗ್ರೆಸ್]]ದ ಅಧ್ಯಕ್ಷ ಸರ್ ಸಿ. ರಾಜಗೋಪಾಲಾಚಾರಿ (ರಾಜಾಜಿ) ಯೆರ್ ಗಮನನ್ ಸೆಳೆದೆರ್. 1942ಡ್ ಅವೆರ್ನ್ ಲೊಯೊಲಾ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ಚೆನ್ನೈಗ್ (ಅದಗದ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್) ರೆಕ್ಟರ್ ಆದ್ ವರ್ಗಾವಣೆ ಆಯೆರ್. ಅನಂತರ ಕಾಲೇಜ್ದ್ ಪ್ರಾಂಶುಪಾಲರಾದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Raghavan |first=Vikram |date=26 January 2020 |title=The forgotten founders of India |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/the-forgotten-founders-of-india/articleshow/73617916.cms?from=mdr |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389 |access-date=28 February 2025}}</ref> ಆರ್ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ವಿಶ್ವವಿದ್ಯಾನಿಲಯೊದ ಕಾನೂನು ಸಂಬಂಧಿತ ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿಡ್ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಪಾತ್ರ ವಹಿಸದಿನಾರ್. ಭಾರತೊದ ಸ್ವಾತಂತ್ರ್ಯದ ಕೈತಲ್ಡ್ ದೇಶೊಗ್ ಸಂವಿಧಾನೊದ ರಚನೆ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ ಒಂಜಿ ಸಭೆ ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಸಮಯೊಡ್, ಸಿ. ರಾಜಗೋಪಾಲಾಚಾರಿಯೆರ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜರರನ ಪುದರ್ನ್ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ವಿಧಾನಸಭೆಗ್ ಶಿಫಾರಸು ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಅಯಿಡ್ದ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ [[ದೆಹಲಿ]]ಡ್ ನಡೆತಿನ [[ಭಾರತ]]ದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆಗ್ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ವಿಧಾನಸಭೆದ ಪ್ರತಿನಿಧಿಯಾದ್ ಆಯ್ಕೆ ಆಯೆರ್.
==ಭಾರತದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆದ ಸದಸ್ಯ==
1946ದಿಂಚ 1950 ವರಗೆ ನಡೆದ [[ಭಾರತದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆ]]ಡ್, ಪ್ರೊಟೆಸ್ಟೆಂಟ್ ನಾಯಕ [[Harendra Coomar Mookerjee|ಎಚ್. ಸಿ. ಮುಖರ್ಜಿ]]ರ್ ಒಟ್ಟುದ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ಅಲ್ಪಸಂಖ್ಯಾತ ಸಮುದಾಯಲೆನ ಹಕ್ಕುಲೆ—ವಿಶೇಷಾದ್ ಆರಾಧನೆ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣದ ಹಕ್ಕುಲೆ—ಸಂವಿಧಾನದ ಮಸೂದೆಡ್ ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣಾದ್ ರಕ್ಷಣೆ ಆಪುನ ಪಾಡ್ದ್ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಪಾತ್ರ ವಹಿಸಿನಾರ್. ಧರ್ಮ ಆಚರಣೆ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಧರ್ಮ ಪ್ರಚಾರ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಹಕ್ಕು ಭಾರತೀಯ ಪೌರರೆಲ್ಲೆಗ್ ಮೂಲಭೂತ ಹಕ್ಕಾದ್ ಸೇರೆರೆನ ಅವೆರ್ ಪ್ರಯತ್ನಿಸಿನಾರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-08 |title=Pride of Kanara; True Son of India, Fr Jerome D'Souza SJ |url=https://www.jaaindia.com/news/book-release-function-%E2%80%9Cpride-kanara-true-son-india-fr-jerome-d%E2%80%99souza-sj%E2%80%9D |website=[www.jaaindia.com](http://www.jaaindia.com) |language=en |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>
==ರಾಜಕಾರಣಿ ಬುಕ್ಕ ರಾಜತಾಂತ್ರಿಕ==
ದೆಹಲಿ್ಡ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ಸ್ವತಂತ್ರ ಭಾರತದ ಮೊದಲ ಪ್ರಧಾನಿ [[ಜವಾಹರಲಾಲ್ ನೆಹರು]]ರ್ ವಿಶ್ವಾಸ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಗೌರವನ್ ಸಂಪಾದಿಸಿನಾರ್. ಶಿಕ್ಷಣಕ್ಕೆ ಸಂಬಂಧಪಟ್ಟ ವಿಷಯಲೆಡ್ ನೆಹರುರ್ ಅವೆರ ಸಲಹೆನ್ ಆಗಾಗ್ಗೆ ಪಡೆಯೊನಿನಾರ್. ಅವೆರ ಭಾಷಣ ಕೌಶಲ್ಯನ್ ಲೆಕ್ಕ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ನೆಹರುರ್, ಸೂಕ್ಷ್ಮ ರಾಜತಾಂತ್ರಿಕ ಮಾತುಕತೆಲೆಡ್ ಲಾ ಅವೆರ್ನ್ ಪಾಲುಗಾರರಾದ್ ನೇಮಕ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jerome D'Souza: The man who helped shape India's freedom book - Living in Faith |url=https://www.livingfaith.in/daily-reflection/jerome-dsouza-the-man-who-helped-shape-indias-freedom-book/?srsltid=AfmBOor1QRO83ZtrAMkrlEDrQnuQ6xjS_5sDJJaFD4Nhq_MDQpMRg2uS |website=[www.livingfaith.in](http://www.livingfaith.in) |language=en-US |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>
* ಭಾರತಡ್ ಬಿಷಪ್ಲೆನ ನೇಮಕ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ವಿಷಯಡ್ [[ಪೋರ್ಚುಗಲ್]]ಗ್ ಅನಗತ್ಯ ಅಧಿಕಾರ ಕೊರ್ತಿತ್ತಿನ [[Holy See|ವ್ಯಾಟಿಕನ್]]ದ [[Padroado]] ವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆನ್ ಕೊನೆಗಾಣಿಸಾವೆರೆನ ಮಾತುಕತೆಡ್ ಅವೆರ್ ಪಾಲುಗೊಂಡಿನಾರ್.
* [[ಫ್ರಾನ್ಸ್]] ಸರ್ಕಾರೊಡನೆ ನಡೆದ ಮಾತುಕತೆಲೆಡ್ ಪಾಲ್ಗೊಂಡ್, [[ಚಂದನನಗರ]], [[ಪುದುಚೇರಿ]] ಮುಂತಾದ ಫ್ರೆಂಚ್ ವಸಾಹತು ಪ್ರದೇಶಲೆ ಶಾಂತಿಯುತಾದ್ ಭಾರತಗ್ ಸೇರ್ಪಡೆ ಆಪುನ ಪ್ರಕ್ರಿಯೆಗ್ ಕೊಡುಗೆ ಕೊರಿನಾರ್.
* ನಾಲ್ಕು ಸರ್ತಿ ಭಾರತದ ನಿಯೋಗದ ಸದಸ್ಯರಾದ್ [[United Nations|ವಿಶ್ವಸಂಸ್ಥೆ]]ದ ವಾರ್ಷಿಕ ಮಹಾಸಭೆಡ್ ಭಾಗವಹಿಸಿನಾರ್.
* ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷ್ ಬಿಟ್ಟ್ ಫ್ರೆಂಚ್, ಸ್ಪ್ಯಾನಿಷ್, ಇಟಾಲಿಯನ್ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಜರ್ಮನ್ ಭಾಷೆಲೆಡ್ ಪಾಂಡಿತ್ಯ ಇತ್ತಿನ ಕಾರಣೊಡ್ದು, ಜಗತ್ತುದ ಹಲವಾರು ದೇಶಲೆಡ್ ಭಾರತೀಯ ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತಿ, ಇತಿಹಾಸ ಬುಕ್ಕ ರಾಜಕೀಯದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಉಪನ್ಯಾಸ ಕೊರಿಯೆರೆಗ್ ಅವೆರ್ನ್ ಆಹ್ವಾನಿಸಾವೊಂದುನಿನಾರ್.
==ಇಂಡಿಯನ್ ಸೋಶಿಯಲ್ ಇನ್ಸ್ಟಿಟ್ಯೂಟ್==
[[ಸೊಸೈಟಿ ಆಫ್ ಜೀಸಸ್]]ದ ಸುಪೀರಿಯರ್ ಜನರಲ್ದ ವಿನಂತಿದ ಮೇರೆಗ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ [[ಪುಣೆ]]ಡ್ [[Indian Social Institute]]ನ್ ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್. (ಈಗ ಅ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆ ನವದೆಹಲಿಡ್ ಉಂಡು.) 1951ಡ್ ''Social Action'' ಪುದರ್ದ ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಶೈಕ್ಷಣಿಕ ನಿಯತಕಾಲಿಕನ್ ಆರಂಬ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್. ಅ ಪತ್ರಿಕೆ ಇಂದ್ ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಶೈಕ್ಷಣಿಕ ವಲಯಡ್ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧಿ ಪಡ್ದುಂಡು. 1951ದಿಂಚ 1956 ವರಗೆ ಅವೆರ್ ಅ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆದ ಮೊದಲ ನಿರ್ದೇಶಕರಾದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್.
1957ಡ್ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಸಂಘದ ಸುಪೀರಿಯರ್ ಜನರಲ್ [[Jean-Baptiste Janssens]]ರೆರ್ ಭಾರತೀಯ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಏಷ್ಯಾದ ವಿಷಯಲೆಗ್ ಸಹಾಯಕ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಸಲಹೆಗಾರರಾದ್ ಅವೆರ್ನ್ ನೇಮಕ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್. 1968ಡ್ ಭಾರತಗ್ ತಿರುಗಿ ಬತ್ತಿನ ಪಿರ, ಲೇಖನ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಪುಸ್ತಕಲೆ ಬರೆಯೆರೆಡ್, ಉಪನ್ಯಾಸ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಪಾಠ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆಡ್ ತಮ್ಮ ಕೊನೆಯ ವರ್ಷಲೆ ಕಳಪಿನಾರ್. 1977ಡ್ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ಡ್ ನಿಧನ ಆಪಿನಾರ್. ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ತಮ್ಮ ಕಾಲದ ಅತ್ಯಂತ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧ [[ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್]] ಪಾದ್ರಿಲೆಡ್ದ್ ಒರ್ತೆರಾದ್ ಪರಿಗಣನೆ ಆಪುನೆರ್. ಇಂದ್ ಲಾ ಚೆನ್ನೈದ [[ಲೊಯೊಲಾ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ಚೆನ್ನೈ]] ಆವರಣದ ''Christ the King Church''ಡ್ ಉಂಡು ಅವೆರ ಸಮಾಧಿಗ್ ಬಹಳ ಜನ ಗೌರವ ಸಲ್ಲಾವೆರೆಗ್ ಬರ್ಪುನೆರ್.
==ಗೌರವ==
[[File:Jerome D'Souza 1997 stamp of India.jpg|thumb|upright=1.1|1997ಡ್ ಭಾರತ ಸರ್ಕಾರ ಬಿಡುಗಡೆ ಮಲ್ಪಿನ ಅಂಚೆ ಚೀಟಿಡ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜ]]
1997ಡ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ಜನ್ಮ ಶತಮಾನೋತ್ಸವದ ಪ್ರಯುಕ್ತ ಭಾರತ ಸರ್ಕಾರ ಸ್ಮಾರಕ ಅಂಚೆ ಚೀಟಿನ್ ಬಿಡುಗಡೆ ಮಲ್ಪುಂಡು.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jerome D'Souza, SJ |url=https://www.manresa-sj.org/stamps/1_DSouza.htm |website=[www.manresa-sj.org](http://www.manresa-sj.org) |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>
==ಕೃತಿಲು==
* ''Sardar Panikkar and the Christian Missions'', ತಿರುಚಿ, 1957.
* ''The Church and Civilization'', Garden City, 1967.
* ''Speeches and Writings'', ಮದ್ರಾಸ್, 1972.
==ಉಲ್ಲೇಖಲು==
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/* ಭಾರತದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆದ ಸದಸ್ಯ */
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'''ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜ''' ಎಸ್.ಜೆ.; 6 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1897 – 12 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1977 ಭಾರತದ ಒಂಜಿ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಪಾದ್ರಿ, ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ ತಜ್ಞ, ಲೇಖಕ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಭಾರತದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆದ (1946–1950) ಸದಸ್ಯ ಆದ್ ಇತ್ತಿನಾರ್.<ref name="Parliamentofindia.nic.in">{{cite web |url=http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/debates/vol1p1.htm |title=CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY OF INDIA – Volume I |publisher=Parliament of India |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160706203405/http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/debates/vol1p1.htm |archive-date=6 July 2016 |url-status=dead |access-date=28 December 2017}}</ref>
[[File:Jerome D'Souza 2 (1897-1977).jpg|thumb|ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜ]]
==ಆರಂಭೊದ ಜೀವನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ==
ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷ್ ಭಾರತದ ಅಂದಿನ [[ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಕನ್ನಡ]] ಜಿಲ್ಲೆದ [[ಮೂಲ್ಕಿ]] ಪಟ್ಟಣದ ಒಂಜಿ ಕ್ಯಾಥೊಲಿಕ್ ಕುಟುಂಬೊಡು 6 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1897ಡ್ ಜನನ ಆಯೆರ್. ಬುದ್ದಿವಂತಿಕೆದ ಆಸಕ್ತಿ ಇತ್ತಿನ ಕುಟುಂಬೊಡು ಬುಳೆದಿನ ಕಾರಣೊಡ್ದು, ಬಾಲ್ಯೊಡೇ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಸ್ಥಳೀಯ ಭಾಷೆಲೆನು ಪೂರಾ ಕಲ್ತಿನಾರ್. ಅರೆನ ಪ್ರೌಢ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣನ್ ಸೇಂಟ್ ಅಲೋಶಿಯಸ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ಮಂಗಳೂರುಡ್ ಪೂರೈಸಿಯೆರ್. ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಉನ್ನತ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣನ್ ಸೇಂಟ್ ಜೋಸೆಫ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ತಿರುಚಿರಾಪಳ್ಳಿ, [[ತಮಿಳುನಾಡು]])ಡ್ ಮಂತೆರ್. ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ವಿಶ್ವವಿದ್ಯಾನಿಲಯೊಡ್ ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷ್ ಸಾಹಿತ್ಯೊದ ಪದವಿನ್ ಸಂಪಾದಿಸಾಯೆರ್. ಪದವಿ ಮುಗಿತ್ತಿನ ಪಿರ ಒಂಜಿ ವರ್ಷ ಸೇಂಟ್ ಜೋಸೆಫ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ತಿರುಚಿರಾಪಳ್ಳಿಡ್ ಉಪನ್ಯಾಸಕರಾದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಪಿರ 29 ಮೇ 1921ಡ್ ಸೊಸೈಟಿ ಆಫ್ ಜೀಸಸ್ ಸೇರರೆ ನಿರ್ಣಯ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fr Jerome D'Souza: A pioneering Mangalorean Jesuit |url=https://konkancatholic.com/fr-jerome-dsouza-a-pioneering-mangalorean-jesuit/ |website=KONKANCATHOLIC.COM |language=en |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>
ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಸಂಪ್ರದಾಯೊದ ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯ ಧಾರ್ಮಿಕ ತರಬೇತಿನ್ ಪೂರೈಸಿನಾರ್. ಧರ್ಮಶಾಸ್ತ್ರದ ಅಧ್ಯಯನನ್ ಬೆಲ್ಜಿಯಂಡ್ ಫ್ರೆಂಚ್ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಪಾದ್ರಿಲೆಡ್ದ್ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್. 30 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1931ಡ್ ಎಂಘಿಯನ್, ಬೆಲ್ಜಿಯಂಡ್ ಕ್ಯಾಥೊಲಿಕ್ ಪಾದ್ರಿಯಾದ್ ಅಭಿಷೇಕ ಆಯೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jerome D'Souza |url=https://www.constitutionofindia.net/members/jerome-dsouza-2/ |website=Constitution of India |language=en-US |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref> ಅತ್ತಂದೆ [[ಮಂಗಳೂರು]] ಕ್ಯಾಥೊಲಿಕ್ ಸಮುದಾಯೊದ ಸದಸ್ಯೆಲಾ ಆಯೆರ್.
==ತಮಿಳುನಾಡುದ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣತಜ್ಞ==
1933ಡ್ ಭಾರತಕ್ಕೆ ತಿರುಗಿ ಬತ್ತಿನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ, ಆರ್ ಓದುದಿನ ಸೇಂಟ್ ಜೋಸೆಫ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ತಿರುಚಿರಾಪಳ್ಳಿಡ್ ಪ್ರಾಧ್ಯಾಪಕರಾದ್ ನೇಮಕ ಆಯೆರ್. ಆವು ಆಯಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಒಂತೆ ಸಮಯೊದ ಅ ಕಾಲೇಜ್ದ್ ರೆಕ್ಟರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಅಧ್ಯಕ್ಷರಾದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ದಿನಾರ್. ಸಮರ್ಥ ಆಡಳಿತಗಾರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪ್ರಭಾವಶಾಲಿ ಭಾಷಣಕಾರ ಆಪಿನ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜರ್, ಅದಗ ಅಪಗದ [[ಭಾರತೀಯ ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ಕಾಂಗ್ರೆಸ್]]ದ ಅಧ್ಯಕ್ಷ ಸರ್ ಸಿ. ರಾಜಗೋಪಾಲಾಚಾರಿ (ರಾಜಾಜಿ) ಯೆರ್ ಗಮನನ್ ಸೆಳೆದೆರ್. 1942ಡ್ ಅವೆರ್ನ್ ಲೊಯೊಲಾ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ಚೆನ್ನೈಗ್ (ಅದಗದ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್) ರೆಕ್ಟರ್ ಆದ್ ವರ್ಗಾವಣೆ ಆಯೆರ್. ಅನಂತರ ಕಾಲೇಜ್ದ್ ಪ್ರಾಂಶುಪಾಲರಾದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Raghavan |first=Vikram |date=26 January 2020 |title=The forgotten founders of India |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/the-forgotten-founders-of-india/articleshow/73617916.cms?from=mdr |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389 |access-date=28 February 2025}}</ref> ಆರ್ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ವಿಶ್ವವಿದ್ಯಾನಿಲಯೊದ ಕಾನೂನು ಸಂಬಂಧಿತ ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿಡ್ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಪಾತ್ರ ವಹಿಸದಿನಾರ್. ಭಾರತೊದ ಸ್ವಾತಂತ್ರ್ಯದ ಕೈತಲ್ಡ್ ದೇಶೊಗ್ ಸಂವಿಧಾನೊದ ರಚನೆ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ ಒಂಜಿ ಸಭೆ ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಸಮಯೊಡ್, ಸಿ. ರಾಜಗೋಪಾಲಾಚಾರಿಯೆರ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜರರನ ಪುದರ್ನ್ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ವಿಧಾನಸಭೆಗ್ ಶಿಫಾರಸು ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಅಯಿಡ್ದ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ [[ದೆಹಲಿ]]ಡ್ ನಡೆತಿನ [[ಭಾರತ]]ದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆಗ್ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ವಿಧಾನಸಭೆದ ಪ್ರತಿನಿಧಿಯಾದ್ ಆಯ್ಕೆ ಆಯೆರ್.
==ಭಾರತದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆದ ಸದಸ್ಯ==
1946ದಿಂಚ 1950 ವರಗೆ ನಡೆತಿನ ಭಾರತೊದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆಡ್, ಪ್ರೊಟೆಸ್ಟೆಂಟ್ ನಾಯಕ ಎಚ್. ಸಿ. ಮುಖರ್ಜಿರ್ ಒಟ್ಟುದ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜರ್ ಅಲ್ಪಸಂಖ್ಯಾತ ಸಮುದಾಯಲೆನ ಹಕ್ಕುಲೆ—ವಿಶೇಷಾದ್ ಆರಾಧನೆ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣೊದ ಹಕ್ಕುಲೆ—ಸಂವಿಧಾನದ ಮಸೂದೆಡ್ ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣಾದ್ ರಕ್ಷಣೆ ಆಪುನ ಪಾಡ್ದ್ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಪಾತ್ರ ವಹಿಸಾದೆರ್. ಧರ್ಮ ಆಚರಣೆ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಧರ್ಮ ಪ್ರಚಾರ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಹಕ್ಕು ಭಾರತೀಯ ಪೌರರೆಲ್ಲೆಗ್ ಮೂಲಭೂತ ಹಕ್ಕಾದ್ ಸೇರೆರೆನ ಆರ್ ಪ್ರಯತ್ನಿಸಾದೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-08 |title=Pride of Kanara; True Son of India, Fr Jerome D'Souza SJ |url=https://www.jaaindia.com/news/book-release-function-%E2%80%9Cpride-kanara-true-son-india-fr-jerome-d%E2%80%99souza-sj%E2%80%9D |website=[www.jaaindia.com](http://www.jaaindia.com) |language=en |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>
==ರಾಜಕಾರಣಿ ಬುಕ್ಕ ರಾಜತಾಂತ್ರಿಕ==
ದೆಹಲಿ್ಡ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ಸ್ವತಂತ್ರ ಭಾರತದ ಮೊದಲ ಪ್ರಧಾನಿ [[ಜವಾಹರಲಾಲ್ ನೆಹರು]]ರ್ ವಿಶ್ವಾಸ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಗೌರವನ್ ಸಂಪಾದಿಸಿನಾರ್. ಶಿಕ್ಷಣಕ್ಕೆ ಸಂಬಂಧಪಟ್ಟ ವಿಷಯಲೆಡ್ ನೆಹರುರ್ ಅವೆರ ಸಲಹೆನ್ ಆಗಾಗ್ಗೆ ಪಡೆಯೊನಿನಾರ್. ಅವೆರ ಭಾಷಣ ಕೌಶಲ್ಯನ್ ಲೆಕ್ಕ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ನೆಹರುರ್, ಸೂಕ್ಷ್ಮ ರಾಜತಾಂತ್ರಿಕ ಮಾತುಕತೆಲೆಡ್ ಲಾ ಅವೆರ್ನ್ ಪಾಲುಗಾರರಾದ್ ನೇಮಕ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jerome D'Souza: The man who helped shape India's freedom book - Living in Faith |url=https://www.livingfaith.in/daily-reflection/jerome-dsouza-the-man-who-helped-shape-indias-freedom-book/?srsltid=AfmBOor1QRO83ZtrAMkrlEDrQnuQ6xjS_5sDJJaFD4Nhq_MDQpMRg2uS |website=[www.livingfaith.in](http://www.livingfaith.in) |language=en-US |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>
* ಭಾರತಡ್ ಬಿಷಪ್ಲೆನ ನೇಮಕ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ವಿಷಯಡ್ [[ಪೋರ್ಚುಗಲ್]]ಗ್ ಅನಗತ್ಯ ಅಧಿಕಾರ ಕೊರ್ತಿತ್ತಿನ [[Holy See|ವ್ಯಾಟಿಕನ್]]ದ [[Padroado]] ವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆನ್ ಕೊನೆಗಾಣಿಸಾವೆರೆನ ಮಾತುಕತೆಡ್ ಅವೆರ್ ಪಾಲುಗೊಂಡಿನಾರ್.
* [[ಫ್ರಾನ್ಸ್]] ಸರ್ಕಾರೊಡನೆ ನಡೆದ ಮಾತುಕತೆಲೆಡ್ ಪಾಲ್ಗೊಂಡ್, [[ಚಂದನನಗರ]], [[ಪುದುಚೇರಿ]] ಮುಂತಾದ ಫ್ರೆಂಚ್ ವಸಾಹತು ಪ್ರದೇಶಲೆ ಶಾಂತಿಯುತಾದ್ ಭಾರತಗ್ ಸೇರ್ಪಡೆ ಆಪುನ ಪ್ರಕ್ರಿಯೆಗ್ ಕೊಡುಗೆ ಕೊರಿನಾರ್.
* ನಾಲ್ಕು ಸರ್ತಿ ಭಾರತದ ನಿಯೋಗದ ಸದಸ್ಯರಾದ್ [[United Nations|ವಿಶ್ವಸಂಸ್ಥೆ]]ದ ವಾರ್ಷಿಕ ಮಹಾಸಭೆಡ್ ಭಾಗವಹಿಸಿನಾರ್.
* ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷ್ ಬಿಟ್ಟ್ ಫ್ರೆಂಚ್, ಸ್ಪ್ಯಾನಿಷ್, ಇಟಾಲಿಯನ್ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಜರ್ಮನ್ ಭಾಷೆಲೆಡ್ ಪಾಂಡಿತ್ಯ ಇತ್ತಿನ ಕಾರಣೊಡ್ದು, ಜಗತ್ತುದ ಹಲವಾರು ದೇಶಲೆಡ್ ಭಾರತೀಯ ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತಿ, ಇತಿಹಾಸ ಬುಕ್ಕ ರಾಜಕೀಯದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಉಪನ್ಯಾಸ ಕೊರಿಯೆರೆಗ್ ಅವೆರ್ನ್ ಆಹ್ವಾನಿಸಾವೊಂದುನಿನಾರ್.
==ಇಂಡಿಯನ್ ಸೋಶಿಯಲ್ ಇನ್ಸ್ಟಿಟ್ಯೂಟ್==
[[ಸೊಸೈಟಿ ಆಫ್ ಜೀಸಸ್]]ದ ಸುಪೀರಿಯರ್ ಜನರಲ್ದ ವಿನಂತಿದ ಮೇರೆಗ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ [[ಪುಣೆ]]ಡ್ [[Indian Social Institute]]ನ್ ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್. (ಈಗ ಅ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆ ನವದೆಹಲಿಡ್ ಉಂಡು.) 1951ಡ್ ''Social Action'' ಪುದರ್ದ ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಶೈಕ್ಷಣಿಕ ನಿಯತಕಾಲಿಕನ್ ಆರಂಬ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್. ಅ ಪತ್ರಿಕೆ ಇಂದ್ ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಶೈಕ್ಷಣಿಕ ವಲಯಡ್ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧಿ ಪಡ್ದುಂಡು. 1951ದಿಂಚ 1956 ವರಗೆ ಅವೆರ್ ಅ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆದ ಮೊದಲ ನಿರ್ದೇಶಕರಾದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್.
1957ಡ್ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಸಂಘದ ಸುಪೀರಿಯರ್ ಜನರಲ್ [[Jean-Baptiste Janssens]]ರೆರ್ ಭಾರತೀಯ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಏಷ್ಯಾದ ವಿಷಯಲೆಗ್ ಸಹಾಯಕ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಸಲಹೆಗಾರರಾದ್ ಅವೆರ್ನ್ ನೇಮಕ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್. 1968ಡ್ ಭಾರತಗ್ ತಿರುಗಿ ಬತ್ತಿನ ಪಿರ, ಲೇಖನ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಪುಸ್ತಕಲೆ ಬರೆಯೆರೆಡ್, ಉಪನ್ಯಾಸ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಪಾಠ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆಡ್ ತಮ್ಮ ಕೊನೆಯ ವರ್ಷಲೆ ಕಳಪಿನಾರ್. 1977ಡ್ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ಡ್ ನಿಧನ ಆಪಿನಾರ್. ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ತಮ್ಮ ಕಾಲದ ಅತ್ಯಂತ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧ [[ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್]] ಪಾದ್ರಿಲೆಡ್ದ್ ಒರ್ತೆರಾದ್ ಪರಿಗಣನೆ ಆಪುನೆರ್. ಇಂದ್ ಲಾ ಚೆನ್ನೈದ [[ಲೊಯೊಲಾ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ಚೆನ್ನೈ]] ಆವರಣದ ''Christ the King Church''ಡ್ ಉಂಡು ಅವೆರ ಸಮಾಧಿಗ್ ಬಹಳ ಜನ ಗೌರವ ಸಲ್ಲಾವೆರೆಗ್ ಬರ್ಪುನೆರ್.
==ಗೌರವ==
[[File:Jerome D'Souza 1997 stamp of India.jpg|thumb|upright=1.1|1997ಡ್ ಭಾರತ ಸರ್ಕಾರ ಬಿಡುಗಡೆ ಮಲ್ಪಿನ ಅಂಚೆ ಚೀಟಿಡ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜ]]
1997ಡ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ಜನ್ಮ ಶತಮಾನೋತ್ಸವದ ಪ್ರಯುಕ್ತ ಭಾರತ ಸರ್ಕಾರ ಸ್ಮಾರಕ ಅಂಚೆ ಚೀಟಿನ್ ಬಿಡುಗಡೆ ಮಲ್ಪುಂಡು.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jerome D'Souza, SJ |url=https://www.manresa-sj.org/stamps/1_DSouza.htm |website=[www.manresa-sj.org](http://www.manresa-sj.org) |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>
==ಕೃತಿಲು==
* ''Sardar Panikkar and the Christian Missions'', ತಿರುಚಿ, 1957.
* ''The Church and Civilization'', Garden City, 1967.
* ''Speeches and Writings'', ಮದ್ರಾಸ್, 1972.
==ಉಲ್ಲೇಖಲು==
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/* ರಾಜಕಾರಣಿ ಬುಕ್ಕ ರಾಜತಾಂತ್ರಿಕ */
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'''ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜ''' ಎಸ್.ಜೆ.; 6 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1897 – 12 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1977 ಭಾರತದ ಒಂಜಿ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಪಾದ್ರಿ, ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ ತಜ್ಞ, ಲೇಖಕ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಭಾರತದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆದ (1946–1950) ಸದಸ್ಯ ಆದ್ ಇತ್ತಿನಾರ್.<ref name="Parliamentofindia.nic.in">{{cite web |url=http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/debates/vol1p1.htm |title=CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY OF INDIA – Volume I |publisher=Parliament of India |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160706203405/http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/debates/vol1p1.htm |archive-date=6 July 2016 |url-status=dead |access-date=28 December 2017}}</ref>
[[File:Jerome D'Souza 2 (1897-1977).jpg|thumb|ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜ]]
==ಆರಂಭೊದ ಜೀವನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ==
ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷ್ ಭಾರತದ ಅಂದಿನ [[ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಕನ್ನಡ]] ಜಿಲ್ಲೆದ [[ಮೂಲ್ಕಿ]] ಪಟ್ಟಣದ ಒಂಜಿ ಕ್ಯಾಥೊಲಿಕ್ ಕುಟುಂಬೊಡು 6 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1897ಡ್ ಜನನ ಆಯೆರ್. ಬುದ್ದಿವಂತಿಕೆದ ಆಸಕ್ತಿ ಇತ್ತಿನ ಕುಟುಂಬೊಡು ಬುಳೆದಿನ ಕಾರಣೊಡ್ದು, ಬಾಲ್ಯೊಡೇ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಸ್ಥಳೀಯ ಭಾಷೆಲೆನು ಪೂರಾ ಕಲ್ತಿನಾರ್. ಅರೆನ ಪ್ರೌಢ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣನ್ ಸೇಂಟ್ ಅಲೋಶಿಯಸ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ಮಂಗಳೂರುಡ್ ಪೂರೈಸಿಯೆರ್. ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಉನ್ನತ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣನ್ ಸೇಂಟ್ ಜೋಸೆಫ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ತಿರುಚಿರಾಪಳ್ಳಿ, [[ತಮಿಳುನಾಡು]])ಡ್ ಮಂತೆರ್. ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ವಿಶ್ವವಿದ್ಯಾನಿಲಯೊಡ್ ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷ್ ಸಾಹಿತ್ಯೊದ ಪದವಿನ್ ಸಂಪಾದಿಸಾಯೆರ್. ಪದವಿ ಮುಗಿತ್ತಿನ ಪಿರ ಒಂಜಿ ವರ್ಷ ಸೇಂಟ್ ಜೋಸೆಫ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ತಿರುಚಿರಾಪಳ್ಳಿಡ್ ಉಪನ್ಯಾಸಕರಾದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಪಿರ 29 ಮೇ 1921ಡ್ ಸೊಸೈಟಿ ಆಫ್ ಜೀಸಸ್ ಸೇರರೆ ನಿರ್ಣಯ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fr Jerome D'Souza: A pioneering Mangalorean Jesuit |url=https://konkancatholic.com/fr-jerome-dsouza-a-pioneering-mangalorean-jesuit/ |website=KONKANCATHOLIC.COM |language=en |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>
ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಸಂಪ್ರದಾಯೊದ ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯ ಧಾರ್ಮಿಕ ತರಬೇತಿನ್ ಪೂರೈಸಿನಾರ್. ಧರ್ಮಶಾಸ್ತ್ರದ ಅಧ್ಯಯನನ್ ಬೆಲ್ಜಿಯಂಡ್ ಫ್ರೆಂಚ್ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಪಾದ್ರಿಲೆಡ್ದ್ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್. 30 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1931ಡ್ ಎಂಘಿಯನ್, ಬೆಲ್ಜಿಯಂಡ್ ಕ್ಯಾಥೊಲಿಕ್ ಪಾದ್ರಿಯಾದ್ ಅಭಿಷೇಕ ಆಯೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jerome D'Souza |url=https://www.constitutionofindia.net/members/jerome-dsouza-2/ |website=Constitution of India |language=en-US |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref> ಅತ್ತಂದೆ [[ಮಂಗಳೂರು]] ಕ್ಯಾಥೊಲಿಕ್ ಸಮುದಾಯೊದ ಸದಸ್ಯೆಲಾ ಆಯೆರ್.
==ತಮಿಳುನಾಡುದ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣತಜ್ಞ==
1933ಡ್ ಭಾರತಕ್ಕೆ ತಿರುಗಿ ಬತ್ತಿನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ, ಆರ್ ಓದುದಿನ ಸೇಂಟ್ ಜೋಸೆಫ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ತಿರುಚಿರಾಪಳ್ಳಿಡ್ ಪ್ರಾಧ್ಯಾಪಕರಾದ್ ನೇಮಕ ಆಯೆರ್. ಆವು ಆಯಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಒಂತೆ ಸಮಯೊದ ಅ ಕಾಲೇಜ್ದ್ ರೆಕ್ಟರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಅಧ್ಯಕ್ಷರಾದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ದಿನಾರ್. ಸಮರ್ಥ ಆಡಳಿತಗಾರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪ್ರಭಾವಶಾಲಿ ಭಾಷಣಕಾರ ಆಪಿನ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜರ್, ಅದಗ ಅಪಗದ [[ಭಾರತೀಯ ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ಕಾಂಗ್ರೆಸ್]]ದ ಅಧ್ಯಕ್ಷ ಸರ್ ಸಿ. ರಾಜಗೋಪಾಲಾಚಾರಿ (ರಾಜಾಜಿ) ಯೆರ್ ಗಮನನ್ ಸೆಳೆದೆರ್. 1942ಡ್ ಅವೆರ್ನ್ ಲೊಯೊಲಾ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ಚೆನ್ನೈಗ್ (ಅದಗದ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್) ರೆಕ್ಟರ್ ಆದ್ ವರ್ಗಾವಣೆ ಆಯೆರ್. ಅನಂತರ ಕಾಲೇಜ್ದ್ ಪ್ರಾಂಶುಪಾಲರಾದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Raghavan |first=Vikram |date=26 January 2020 |title=The forgotten founders of India |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/the-forgotten-founders-of-india/articleshow/73617916.cms?from=mdr |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389 |access-date=28 February 2025}}</ref> ಆರ್ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ವಿಶ್ವವಿದ್ಯಾನಿಲಯೊದ ಕಾನೂನು ಸಂಬಂಧಿತ ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿಡ್ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಪಾತ್ರ ವಹಿಸದಿನಾರ್. ಭಾರತೊದ ಸ್ವಾತಂತ್ರ್ಯದ ಕೈತಲ್ಡ್ ದೇಶೊಗ್ ಸಂವಿಧಾನೊದ ರಚನೆ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ ಒಂಜಿ ಸಭೆ ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಸಮಯೊಡ್, ಸಿ. ರಾಜಗೋಪಾಲಾಚಾರಿಯೆರ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜರರನ ಪುದರ್ನ್ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ವಿಧಾನಸಭೆಗ್ ಶಿಫಾರಸು ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಅಯಿಡ್ದ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ [[ದೆಹಲಿ]]ಡ್ ನಡೆತಿನ [[ಭಾರತ]]ದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆಗ್ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ವಿಧಾನಸಭೆದ ಪ್ರತಿನಿಧಿಯಾದ್ ಆಯ್ಕೆ ಆಯೆರ್.
==ಭಾರತದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆದ ಸದಸ್ಯ==
1946ದಿಂಚ 1950 ವರಗೆ ನಡೆತಿನ ಭಾರತೊದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆಡ್, ಪ್ರೊಟೆಸ್ಟೆಂಟ್ ನಾಯಕ ಎಚ್. ಸಿ. ಮುಖರ್ಜಿರ್ ಒಟ್ಟುದ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜರ್ ಅಲ್ಪಸಂಖ್ಯಾತ ಸಮುದಾಯಲೆನ ಹಕ್ಕುಲೆ—ವಿಶೇಷಾದ್ ಆರಾಧನೆ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣೊದ ಹಕ್ಕುಲೆ—ಸಂವಿಧಾನದ ಮಸೂದೆಡ್ ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣಾದ್ ರಕ್ಷಣೆ ಆಪುನ ಪಾಡ್ದ್ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಪಾತ್ರ ವಹಿಸಾದೆರ್. ಧರ್ಮ ಆಚರಣೆ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಧರ್ಮ ಪ್ರಚಾರ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಹಕ್ಕು ಭಾರತೀಯ ಪೌರರೆಲ್ಲೆಗ್ ಮೂಲಭೂತ ಹಕ್ಕಾದ್ ಸೇರೆರೆನ ಆರ್ ಪ್ರಯತ್ನಿಸಾದೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-08 |title=Pride of Kanara; True Son of India, Fr Jerome D'Souza SJ |url=https://www.jaaindia.com/news/book-release-function-%E2%80%9Cpride-kanara-true-son-india-fr-jerome-d%E2%80%99souza-sj%E2%80%9D |website=[www.jaaindia.com](http://www.jaaindia.com) |language=en |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>
==ರಾಜಕಾರಣಿ ಬುಕ್ಕ ರಾಜತಾಂತ್ರಿಕ==
ದೆಹಲಿ್ಡ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜೆರ್ ಸ್ವತಂತ್ರ ಭಾರತೊದ ಮೊದಲ ಪ್ರಧಾನಿ ಜವಾಹರಲಾಲ್ ನೆಹರು ವಿಶ್ವಾಸ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಗೌರವನ್ ಸಂಪಾದಿಸಾಯೆರ್. ಶಿಕ್ಷಣಕ್ ಸಂಬಂಧಪಟ್ಟುದಿನ ವಿಷಯಲೆಡ್ ನೆಹರೂ ಅರೆನ ಸಲಹೆನ್ ಆದಗದಗ ಪಡೆಯೆರ್. ಅರೆನ ಭಾಷೊಣ ಕೌಶಲ್ಯನ್ ಲೆಕ್ಕ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ನೆಹರೂ, ಸೂಕ್ಷ್ಮ ರಾಜತಾಂತ್ರಿಕ ಮಾತುಕತೆಡ್ ಲಾ ಅರೆನ ಪಾಲುಗಾರರಾಯಿನ ನೇಮಕ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jerome D'Souza: The man who helped shape India's freedom book - Living in Faith |url=https://www.livingfaith.in/daily-reflection/jerome-dsouza-the-man-who-helped-shape-indias-freedom-book/?srsltid=AfmBOor1QRO83ZtrAMkrlEDrQnuQ6xjS_5sDJJaFD4Nhq_MDQpMRg2uS |website=[www.livingfaith.in](http://www.livingfaith.in) |language=en-US |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>
* ಭಾರತಡ್ ಬಿಷಪ್ಲೆನ ನೇಮಕ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ವಿಷಯಡ್ ಪೋರ್ಚುಗಲ್ಗ್ ಅನಗತ್ಯ ಅಧಿಕಾರ ಕೊರ್ತಿತ್ತಿನ ವ್ಯಾಟಿಕನ್ದ
ಪಾದ್ರೊವಾಡೊ ವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆನ್ ಕೊನೆಗಾಣಿಸಾವೆರೆನ ಮಾತುಕತೆಡ್ ಆರ್ ಪಾಲುಪಡುದ್ ಇತ್ತೆರ್.
* ಫ್ರಾನ್ಸ್ ಸರ್ಕಾರೊಟ್ಟುಗು ನಡೆತಿನ ಮಾತುಕತೆಲೆಡ್ ಪಾಲ್ಗೊಂಡುದೆರ್, ಚಂದನನಗರ, ಪುದುಚೇರಿ ಅಂಚಿನ ಫ್ರೆಂಚ್ ವಸಾಹತು ಪ್ರದೇಶೊಲೆ ಶಾಂತಿಯುತವಾದ್ ಭಾರತೊಗ್ ಸೇರ್ಪಡೆ ಆಪುನ ಪ್ರಕ್ರಿಯೆಗ್ ಕೊಡುಗೆ ಕೊರ್ತಿನಾರ್.
* ನಾಲ್ ಸರ್ತಿ ಭಾರತೊದ ನಿಯೋಗದ ಸದಸ್ಯರಾದ್ ವಿಶ್ವಸಂಸ್ಥೆದ ವಾರ್ಷಿಕ ಮಹಾಸಭೆಡ್ ಭಾಗವಹಿಸಿದಿನಾರ್.
* ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷ್ ಬುಡ್ದು ಫ್ರೆಂಚ್, ಸ್ಪ್ಯಾನಿಷ್, ಇಟಾಲಿಯನ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಜರ್ಮನ್ ಭಾಷೆಲೆಡ್ ಪಾಂಡಿತ್ಯ ಇತ್ತಿನ ಕಾರಣೊಡ್ದು, ಜಗತ್ತುದ ಹಲವಾರು ದೇಶಲೆಡ್ ಭಾರತೀಯ ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತಿ, ಇತಿಹಾಸ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ರಾಜಕೀಯದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಉಪನ್ಯಾಸ ಕೊರಿಯೆರೆಗ್ ಅವೆರ್ನ್ ಆಹ್ವಾನಿಸಾವೊಂದುನಿನಾರ್.
==ಇಂಡಿಯನ್ ಸೋಶಿಯಲ್ ಇನ್ಸ್ಟಿಟ್ಯೂಟ್==
[[ಸೊಸೈಟಿ ಆಫ್ ಜೀಸಸ್]]ದ ಸುಪೀರಿಯರ್ ಜನರಲ್ದ ವಿನಂತಿದ ಮೇರೆಗ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ [[ಪುಣೆ]]ಡ್ [[Indian Social Institute]]ನ್ ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್. (ಈಗ ಅ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆ ನವದೆಹಲಿಡ್ ಉಂಡು.) 1951ಡ್ ''Social Action'' ಪುದರ್ದ ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಶೈಕ್ಷಣಿಕ ನಿಯತಕಾಲಿಕನ್ ಆರಂಬ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್. ಅ ಪತ್ರಿಕೆ ಇಂದ್ ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಶೈಕ್ಷಣಿಕ ವಲಯಡ್ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧಿ ಪಡ್ದುಂಡು. 1951ದಿಂಚ 1956 ವರಗೆ ಅವೆರ್ ಅ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆದ ಮೊದಲ ನಿರ್ದೇಶಕರಾದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್.
1957ಡ್ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಸಂಘದ ಸುಪೀರಿಯರ್ ಜನರಲ್ [[Jean-Baptiste Janssens]]ರೆರ್ ಭಾರತೀಯ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಏಷ್ಯಾದ ವಿಷಯಲೆಗ್ ಸಹಾಯಕ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಸಲಹೆಗಾರರಾದ್ ಅವೆರ್ನ್ ನೇಮಕ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್. 1968ಡ್ ಭಾರತಗ್ ತಿರುಗಿ ಬತ್ತಿನ ಪಿರ, ಲೇಖನ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಪುಸ್ತಕಲೆ ಬರೆಯೆರೆಡ್, ಉಪನ್ಯಾಸ ಬುಕ್ಕ ಪಾಠ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆಡ್ ತಮ್ಮ ಕೊನೆಯ ವರ್ಷಲೆ ಕಳಪಿನಾರ್. 1977ಡ್ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ಡ್ ನಿಧನ ಆಪಿನಾರ್. ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ತಮ್ಮ ಕಾಲದ ಅತ್ಯಂತ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧ [[ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್]] ಪಾದ್ರಿಲೆಡ್ದ್ ಒರ್ತೆರಾದ್ ಪರಿಗಣನೆ ಆಪುನೆರ್. ಇಂದ್ ಲಾ ಚೆನ್ನೈದ [[ಲೊಯೊಲಾ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ಚೆನ್ನೈ]] ಆವರಣದ ''Christ the King Church''ಡ್ ಉಂಡು ಅವೆರ ಸಮಾಧಿಗ್ ಬಹಳ ಜನ ಗೌರವ ಸಲ್ಲಾವೆರೆಗ್ ಬರ್ಪುನೆರ್.
==ಗೌರವ==
[[File:Jerome D'Souza 1997 stamp of India.jpg|thumb|upright=1.1|1997ಡ್ ಭಾರತ ಸರ್ಕಾರ ಬಿಡುಗಡೆ ಮಲ್ಪಿನ ಅಂಚೆ ಚೀಟಿಡ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜ]]
1997ಡ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ಜನ್ಮ ಶತಮಾನೋತ್ಸವದ ಪ್ರಯುಕ್ತ ಭಾರತ ಸರ್ಕಾರ ಸ್ಮಾರಕ ಅಂಚೆ ಚೀಟಿನ್ ಬಿಡುಗಡೆ ಮಲ್ಪುಂಡು.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jerome D'Souza, SJ |url=https://www.manresa-sj.org/stamps/1_DSouza.htm |website=[www.manresa-sj.org](http://www.manresa-sj.org) |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>
==ಕೃತಿಲು==
* ''Sardar Panikkar and the Christian Missions'', ತಿರುಚಿ, 1957.
* ''The Church and Civilization'', Garden City, 1967.
* ''Speeches and Writings'', ಮದ್ರಾಸ್, 1972.
==ಉಲ್ಲೇಖಲು==
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'''ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜ''' ಎಸ್.ಜೆ.; 6 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1897 – 12 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1977 ಭಾರತದ ಒಂಜಿ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಪಾದ್ರಿ, ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ ತಜ್ಞ, ಲೇಖಕ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಭಾರತದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆದ (1946–1950) ಸದಸ್ಯ ಆದ್ ಇತ್ತಿನಾರ್.<ref name="Parliamentofindia.nic.in">{{cite web |url=http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/debates/vol1p1.htm |title=CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY OF INDIA – Volume I |publisher=Parliament of India |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160706203405/http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/debates/vol1p1.htm |archive-date=6 July 2016 |url-status=dead |access-date=28 December 2017}}</ref>
[[File:Jerome D'Souza 2 (1897-1977).jpg|thumb|ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜ]]
==ಆರಂಭೊದ ಜೀವನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ==
ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷ್ ಭಾರತದ ಅಂದಿನ [[ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಕನ್ನಡ]] ಜಿಲ್ಲೆದ [[ಮೂಲ್ಕಿ]] ಪಟ್ಟಣದ ಒಂಜಿ ಕ್ಯಾಥೊಲಿಕ್ ಕುಟುಂಬೊಡು 6 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1897ಡ್ ಜನನ ಆಯೆರ್. ಬುದ್ದಿವಂತಿಕೆದ ಆಸಕ್ತಿ ಇತ್ತಿನ ಕುಟುಂಬೊಡು ಬುಳೆದಿನ ಕಾರಣೊಡ್ದು, ಬಾಲ್ಯೊಡೇ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಸ್ಥಳೀಯ ಭಾಷೆಲೆನು ಪೂರಾ ಕಲ್ತಿನಾರ್. ಅರೆನ ಪ್ರೌಢ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣನ್ ಸೇಂಟ್ ಅಲೋಶಿಯಸ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ಮಂಗಳೂರುಡ್ ಪೂರೈಸಿಯೆರ್. ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಉನ್ನತ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣನ್ ಸೇಂಟ್ ಜೋಸೆಫ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ತಿರುಚಿರಾಪಳ್ಳಿ, [[ತಮಿಳುನಾಡು]])ಡ್ ಮಂತೆರ್. ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ವಿಶ್ವವಿದ್ಯಾನಿಲಯೊಡ್ ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷ್ ಸಾಹಿತ್ಯೊದ ಪದವಿನ್ ಸಂಪಾದಿಸಾಯೆರ್. ಪದವಿ ಮುಗಿತ್ತಿನ ಪಿರ ಒಂಜಿ ವರ್ಷ ಸೇಂಟ್ ಜೋಸೆಫ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ತಿರುಚಿರಾಪಳ್ಳಿಡ್ ಉಪನ್ಯಾಸಕರಾದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಪಿರ 29 ಮೇ 1921ಡ್ ಸೊಸೈಟಿ ಆಫ್ ಜೀಸಸ್ ಸೇರರೆ ನಿರ್ಣಯ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fr Jerome D'Souza: A pioneering Mangalorean Jesuit |url=https://konkancatholic.com/fr-jerome-dsouza-a-pioneering-mangalorean-jesuit/ |website=KONKANCATHOLIC.COM |language=en |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>
ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಸಂಪ್ರದಾಯೊದ ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯ ಧಾರ್ಮಿಕ ತರಬೇತಿನ್ ಪೂರೈಸಿನಾರ್. ಧರ್ಮಶಾಸ್ತ್ರದ ಅಧ್ಯಯನನ್ ಬೆಲ್ಜಿಯಂಡ್ ಫ್ರೆಂಚ್ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಪಾದ್ರಿಲೆಡ್ದ್ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್. 30 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1931ಡ್ ಎಂಘಿಯನ್, ಬೆಲ್ಜಿಯಂಡ್ ಕ್ಯಾಥೊಲಿಕ್ ಪಾದ್ರಿಯಾದ್ ಅಭಿಷೇಕ ಆಯೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jerome D'Souza |url=https://www.constitutionofindia.net/members/jerome-dsouza-2/ |website=Constitution of India |language=en-US |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref> ಅತ್ತಂದೆ [[ಮಂಗಳೂರು]] ಕ್ಯಾಥೊಲಿಕ್ ಸಮುದಾಯೊದ ಸದಸ್ಯೆಲಾ ಆಯೆರ್.
==ತಮಿಳುನಾಡುದ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣತಜ್ಞ==
1933ಡ್ ಭಾರತಕ್ಕೆ ತಿರುಗಿ ಬತ್ತಿನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ, ಆರ್ ಓದುದಿನ ಸೇಂಟ್ ಜೋಸೆಫ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ತಿರುಚಿರಾಪಳ್ಳಿಡ್ ಪ್ರಾಧ್ಯಾಪಕರಾದ್ ನೇಮಕ ಆಯೆರ್. ಆವು ಆಯಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಒಂತೆ ಸಮಯೊದ ಅ ಕಾಲೇಜ್ದ್ ರೆಕ್ಟರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಅಧ್ಯಕ್ಷರಾದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ದಿನಾರ್. ಸಮರ್ಥ ಆಡಳಿತಗಾರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪ್ರಭಾವಶಾಲಿ ಭಾಷಣಕಾರ ಆಪಿನ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜರ್, ಅದಗ ಅಪಗದ [[ಭಾರತೀಯ ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ಕಾಂಗ್ರೆಸ್]]ದ ಅಧ್ಯಕ್ಷ ಸರ್ ಸಿ. ರಾಜಗೋಪಾಲಾಚಾರಿ (ರಾಜಾಜಿ) ಯೆರ್ ಗಮನನ್ ಸೆಳೆದೆರ್. 1942ಡ್ ಅವೆರ್ನ್ ಲೊಯೊಲಾ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ಚೆನ್ನೈಗ್ (ಅದಗದ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್) ರೆಕ್ಟರ್ ಆದ್ ವರ್ಗಾವಣೆ ಆಯೆರ್. ಅನಂತರ ಕಾಲೇಜ್ದ್ ಪ್ರಾಂಶುಪಾಲರಾದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Raghavan |first=Vikram |date=26 January 2020 |title=The forgotten founders of India |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/the-forgotten-founders-of-india/articleshow/73617916.cms?from=mdr |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389 |access-date=28 February 2025}}</ref> ಆರ್ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ವಿಶ್ವವಿದ್ಯಾನಿಲಯೊದ ಕಾನೂನು ಸಂಬಂಧಿತ ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿಡ್ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಪಾತ್ರ ವಹಿಸದಿನಾರ್. ಭಾರತೊದ ಸ್ವಾತಂತ್ರ್ಯದ ಕೈತಲ್ಡ್ ದೇಶೊಗ್ ಸಂವಿಧಾನೊದ ರಚನೆ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ ಒಂಜಿ ಸಭೆ ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಸಮಯೊಡ್, ಸಿ. ರಾಜಗೋಪಾಲಾಚಾರಿಯೆರ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜರರನ ಪುದರ್ನ್ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ವಿಧಾನಸಭೆಗ್ ಶಿಫಾರಸು ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಅಯಿಡ್ದ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ [[ದೆಹಲಿ]]ಡ್ ನಡೆತಿನ [[ಭಾರತ]]ದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆಗ್ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ವಿಧಾನಸಭೆದ ಪ್ರತಿನಿಧಿಯಾದ್ ಆಯ್ಕೆ ಆಯೆರ್.
==ಭಾರತದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆದ ಸದಸ್ಯ==
1946ದಿಂಚ 1950 ವರಗೆ ನಡೆತಿನ ಭಾರತೊದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆಡ್, ಪ್ರೊಟೆಸ್ಟೆಂಟ್ ನಾಯಕ ಎಚ್. ಸಿ. ಮುಖರ್ಜಿರ್ ಒಟ್ಟುದ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜರ್ ಅಲ್ಪಸಂಖ್ಯಾತ ಸಮುದಾಯಲೆನ ಹಕ್ಕುಲೆ—ವಿಶೇಷಾದ್ ಆರಾಧನೆ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣೊದ ಹಕ್ಕುಲೆ—ಸಂವಿಧಾನದ ಮಸೂದೆಡ್ ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣಾದ್ ರಕ್ಷಣೆ ಆಪುನ ಪಾಡ್ದ್ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಪಾತ್ರ ವಹಿಸಾದೆರ್. ಧರ್ಮ ಆಚರಣೆ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಧರ್ಮ ಪ್ರಚಾರ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಹಕ್ಕು ಭಾರತೀಯ ಪೌರರೆಲ್ಲೆಗ್ ಮೂಲಭೂತ ಹಕ್ಕಾದ್ ಸೇರೆರೆನ ಆರ್ ಪ್ರಯತ್ನಿಸಾದೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-08 |title=Pride of Kanara; True Son of India, Fr Jerome D'Souza SJ |url=https://www.jaaindia.com/news/book-release-function-%E2%80%9Cpride-kanara-true-son-india-fr-jerome-d%E2%80%99souza-sj%E2%80%9D |website=[www.jaaindia.com](http://www.jaaindia.com) |language=en |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>
==ರಾಜಕಾರಣಿ ಬುಕ್ಕ ರಾಜತಾಂತ್ರಿಕ==
ದೆಹಲಿ್ಡ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜೆರ್ ಸ್ವತಂತ್ರ ಭಾರತೊದ ಮೊದಲ ಪ್ರಧಾನಿ ಜವಾಹರಲಾಲ್ ನೆಹರು ವಿಶ್ವಾಸ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಗೌರವನ್ ಸಂಪಾದಿಸಾಯೆರ್. ಶಿಕ್ಷಣಕ್ ಸಂಬಂಧಪಟ್ಟುದಿನ ವಿಷಯಲೆಡ್ ನೆಹರೂ ಅರೆನ ಸಲಹೆನ್ ಆದಗದಗ ಪಡೆಯೆರ್. ಅರೆನ ಭಾಷೊಣ ಕೌಶಲ್ಯನ್ ಲೆಕ್ಕ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ನೆಹರೂ, ಸೂಕ್ಷ್ಮ ರಾಜತಾಂತ್ರಿಕ ಮಾತುಕತೆಡ್ ಲಾ ಅರೆನ ಪಾಲುಗಾರರಾಯಿನ ನೇಮಕ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jerome D'Souza: The man who helped shape India's freedom book - Living in Faith |url=https://www.livingfaith.in/daily-reflection/jerome-dsouza-the-man-who-helped-shape-indias-freedom-book/?srsltid=AfmBOor1QRO83ZtrAMkrlEDrQnuQ6xjS_5sDJJaFD4Nhq_MDQpMRg2uS |website=[www.livingfaith.in](http://www.livingfaith.in) |language=en-US |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>
* ಭಾರತಡ್ ಬಿಷಪ್ಲೆನ ನೇಮಕ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ವಿಷಯಡ್ ಪೋರ್ಚುಗಲ್ಗ್ ಅನಗತ್ಯ ಅಧಿಕಾರ ಕೊರ್ತಿತ್ತಿನ ವ್ಯಾಟಿಕನ್ದ
ಪಾದ್ರೊವಾಡೊ ವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆನ್ ಕೊನೆಗಾಣಿಸಾವೆರೆನ ಮಾತುಕತೆಡ್ ಆರ್ ಪಾಲುಪಡುದ್ ಇತ್ತೆರ್.
* ಫ್ರಾನ್ಸ್ ಸರ್ಕಾರೊಟ್ಟುಗು ನಡೆತಿನ ಮಾತುಕತೆಲೆಡ್ ಪಾಲ್ಗೊಂಡುದೆರ್, ಚಂದನನಗರ, ಪುದುಚೇರಿ ಅಂಚಿನ ಫ್ರೆಂಚ್ ವಸಾಹತು ಪ್ರದೇಶೊಲೆ ಶಾಂತಿಯುತವಾದ್ ಭಾರತೊಗ್ ಸೇರ್ಪಡೆ ಆಪುನ ಪ್ರಕ್ರಿಯೆಗ್ ಕೊಡುಗೆ ಕೊರ್ತಿನಾರ್.
* ನಾಲ್ ಸರ್ತಿ ಭಾರತೊದ ನಿಯೋಗದ ಸದಸ್ಯರಾದ್ ವಿಶ್ವಸಂಸ್ಥೆದ ವಾರ್ಷಿಕ ಮಹಾಸಭೆಡ್ ಭಾಗವಹಿಸಿದಿನಾರ್.
* ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷ್ ಬುಡ್ದು ಫ್ರೆಂಚ್, ಸ್ಪ್ಯಾನಿಷ್, ಇಟಾಲಿಯನ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಜರ್ಮನ್ ಭಾಷೆಲೆಡ್ ಪಾಂಡಿತ್ಯ ಇತ್ತಿನ ಕಾರಣೊಡ್ದು, ಜಗತ್ತುದ ಹಲವಾರು ದೇಶಲೆಡ್ ಭಾರತೀಯ ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತಿ, ಇತಿಹಾಸ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ರಾಜಕೀಯದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಉಪನ್ಯಾಸ ಕೊರಿಯೆರೆಗ್ ಅವೆರ್ನ್ ಆಹ್ವಾನಿಸಾವೊಂದುನಿನಾರ್.
==ಇಂಡಿಯನ್ ಸೋಶಿಯಲ್ ಇನ್ಸ್ಟಿಟ್ಯೂಟ್==
'''ಸೊಸೈಟಿ ಆಫ್ ಜೀಸಸ್ದ''' ಸುಪೀರಿಯರ್ ಜನರಲ್ದ ವಿನಂತಿದ ಮೇರೆಗ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ಪುಣೆಡ್ ಭಾರತೀಯ ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆನ್ ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್. (ಇತ್ತೆ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆ [[ನವದೆಹಲಿ]]ಡ್ ಉಂಡು.) 1951ಡ್ ''ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಕ್ರಿಯೆ'' ಪುದರ್ದ ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಶೈಕ್ಷಣಿಕ ನಿಯತಕಾಲಿಕನ್ ಆರಂಬ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್. ಅ ಪತ್ರಿಕೆ ಇಂದ್ ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಶೈಕ್ಷಣಿಕ ವಲಯೊಡ್ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧಿ ಪಡ್ದುಂಡು. 1951ದಿಂಚ 1956 ಮುಟ್ಟ ಅರ್ ಅ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆದ ಸುರುತ ನಿರ್ದೇಶಕರಾದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. 1957ಡ್ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಸಂಘದ ಸುಪೀರಿಯರ್ ಜನರಲ್ '''ಜೀನ್-ಬ್ಯಾಪ್ಟಿಸ್ಟ್ ಜಾನ್ಸೆನ್ಸ್''' ರೆರ್ ಭಾರತೀಯ ಬೊಕ್ಕ [[ಏಷ್ಯಾ]]ದ ವಿಷಯಲೆಗ್ ಸಹಾಯಕ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಸಲಹೆಗಾರರಾದ್ ಅರೆನ ನೇಮಕ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. 1968ಡ್ ಭಾರತೊಗ್ ತಿರುಗಿ ಬತ್ತಿನ ಪಿರ, ಲೇಖನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪುಸ್ತಕಲೆ ಬರೆಯೆರೆಡ್, ಉಪನ್ಯಾಸ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪಾಠ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆಡ್ ಅರೆನ ಅಕೇರಿದ ವರ್ಷಲೆನು ಕಳೆತೆರ್. 1977ಡ್ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ಡ್ ನಿಧನ ಆಯೇರ್. ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜರ್ ಅರೆನ ಕಾಲೊದ ಅತ್ಯಂತ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಪಾದ್ರಿಲೆಡ್ದ್ ಒಂಜಿ ಆದ್ ಪರಿಗಣನೆ ಆತೇರ್. [[ಚೆನ್ನೈ]]ದ ಲೊಯೊಲಾ ಕಾಲೇಜು, [[ಚೆನ್ನೈ]] ಆವರಣೊದ ''ಕ್ರೈಸ್ಟ್ ದ ಕಿಂಗ್ ಚರ್ಚ್''ಡ್ ಉಂಡು ಅರೆನ ಸಮಾಧಿಗ್ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಜನ ಗೌರವ ಸಲ್ಲಾವೆರೆಗ್ ಬರ್ಪೆರ್.
==ಗೌರವ==
[[File:Jerome D'Souza 1997 stamp of India.jpg|thumb|upright=1.1|1997ಡ್ ಭಾರತ ಸರ್ಕಾರ ಬಿಡುಗಡೆ ಮಲ್ಪಿನ ಅಂಚೆ ಚೀಟಿಡ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜ]]
1997ಡ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ಜನ್ಮ ಶತಮಾನೋತ್ಸವದ ಪ್ರಯುಕ್ತ ಭಾರತ ಸರ್ಕಾರ ಸ್ಮಾರಕ ಅಂಚೆ ಚೀಟಿನ್ ಬಿಡುಗಡೆ ಮಲ್ಪುಂಡು.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jerome D'Souza, SJ |url=https://www.manresa-sj.org/stamps/1_DSouza.htm |website=[www.manresa-sj.org](http://www.manresa-sj.org) |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>
==ಕೃತಿಲು==
* ''Sardar Panikkar and the Christian Missions'', ತಿರುಚಿ, 1957.
* ''The Church and Civilization'', Garden City, 1967.
* ''Speeches and Writings'', ಮದ್ರಾಸ್, 1972.
==ಉಲ್ಲೇಖಲು==
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'''ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜ''' ಎಸ್.ಜೆ.; 6 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1897 – 12 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1977 ಭಾರತದ ಒಂಜಿ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಪಾದ್ರಿ, ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ ತಜ್ಞ, ಲೇಖಕ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಭಾರತದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆದ (1946–1950) ಸದಸ್ಯ ಆದ್ ಇತ್ತಿನಾರ್.<ref name="Parliamentofindia.nic.in">{{cite web |url=http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/debates/vol1p1.htm |title=CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY OF INDIA – Volume I |publisher=Parliament of India |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160706203405/http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/debates/vol1p1.htm |archive-date=6 July 2016 |url-status=dead |access-date=28 December 2017}}</ref>
[[File:Jerome D'Souza 2 (1897-1977).jpg|thumb|ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜ]]
==ಆರಂಭೊದ ಜೀವನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ==
ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷ್ ಭಾರತದ ಅಂದಿನ [[ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಕನ್ನಡ]] ಜಿಲ್ಲೆದ [[ಮೂಲ್ಕಿ]] ಪಟ್ಟಣದ ಒಂಜಿ ಕ್ಯಾಥೊಲಿಕ್ ಕುಟುಂಬೊಡು 6 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1897ಡ್ ಜನನ ಆಯೆರ್. ಬುದ್ದಿವಂತಿಕೆದ ಆಸಕ್ತಿ ಇತ್ತಿನ ಕುಟುಂಬೊಡು ಬುಳೆದಿನ ಕಾರಣೊಡ್ದು, ಬಾಲ್ಯೊಡೇ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಸ್ಥಳೀಯ ಭಾಷೆಲೆನು ಪೂರಾ ಕಲ್ತಿನಾರ್. ಅರೆನ ಪ್ರೌಢ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣನ್ ಸೇಂಟ್ ಅಲೋಶಿಯಸ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ಮಂಗಳೂರುಡ್ ಪೂರೈಸಿಯೆರ್. ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಉನ್ನತ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣನ್ ಸೇಂಟ್ ಜೋಸೆಫ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ತಿರುಚಿರಾಪಳ್ಳಿ, [[ತಮಿಳುನಾಡು]])ಡ್ ಮಂತೆರ್. ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ವಿಶ್ವವಿದ್ಯಾನಿಲಯೊಡ್ ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷ್ ಸಾಹಿತ್ಯೊದ ಪದವಿನ್ ಸಂಪಾದಿಸಾಯೆರ್. ಪದವಿ ಮುಗಿತ್ತಿನ ಪಿರ ಒಂಜಿ ವರ್ಷ ಸೇಂಟ್ ಜೋಸೆಫ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ತಿರುಚಿರಾಪಳ್ಳಿಡ್ ಉಪನ್ಯಾಸಕರಾದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಪಿರ 29 ಮೇ 1921ಡ್ ಸೊಸೈಟಿ ಆಫ್ ಜೀಸಸ್ ಸೇರರೆ ನಿರ್ಣಯ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fr Jerome D'Souza: A pioneering Mangalorean Jesuit |url=https://konkancatholic.com/fr-jerome-dsouza-a-pioneering-mangalorean-jesuit/ |website=KONKANCATHOLIC.COM |language=en |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>
ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಸಂಪ್ರದಾಯೊದ ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯ ಧಾರ್ಮಿಕ ತರಬೇತಿನ್ ಪೂರೈಸಿನಾರ್. ಧರ್ಮಶಾಸ್ತ್ರದ ಅಧ್ಯಯನನ್ ಬೆಲ್ಜಿಯಂಡ್ ಫ್ರೆಂಚ್ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಪಾದ್ರಿಲೆಡ್ದ್ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್. 30 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1931ಡ್ ಎಂಘಿಯನ್, ಬೆಲ್ಜಿಯಂಡ್ ಕ್ಯಾಥೊಲಿಕ್ ಪಾದ್ರಿಯಾದ್ ಅಭಿಷೇಕ ಆಯೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jerome D'Souza |url=https://www.constitutionofindia.net/members/jerome-dsouza-2/ |website=Constitution of India |language=en-US |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref> ಅತ್ತಂದೆ [[ಮಂಗಳೂರು]] ಕ್ಯಾಥೊಲಿಕ್ ಸಮುದಾಯೊದ ಸದಸ್ಯೆಲಾ ಆಯೆರ್.
==ತಮಿಳುನಾಡುದ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣತಜ್ಞ==
1933ಡ್ ಭಾರತಕ್ಕೆ ತಿರುಗಿ ಬತ್ತಿನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ, ಆರ್ ಓದುದಿನ ಸೇಂಟ್ ಜೋಸೆಫ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ತಿರುಚಿರಾಪಳ್ಳಿಡ್ ಪ್ರಾಧ್ಯಾಪಕರಾದ್ ನೇಮಕ ಆಯೆರ್. ಆವು ಆಯಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಒಂತೆ ಸಮಯೊದ ಅ ಕಾಲೇಜ್ದ್ ರೆಕ್ಟರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಅಧ್ಯಕ್ಷರಾದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ದಿನಾರ್. ಸಮರ್ಥ ಆಡಳಿತಗಾರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪ್ರಭಾವಶಾಲಿ ಭಾಷಣಕಾರ ಆಪಿನ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜರ್, ಅದಗ ಅಪಗದ [[ಭಾರತೀಯ ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ಕಾಂಗ್ರೆಸ್]]ದ ಅಧ್ಯಕ್ಷ ಸರ್ ಸಿ. ರಾಜಗೋಪಾಲಾಚಾರಿ (ರಾಜಾಜಿ) ಯೆರ್ ಗಮನನ್ ಸೆಳೆದೆರ್. 1942ಡ್ ಅವೆರ್ನ್ ಲೊಯೊಲಾ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ಚೆನ್ನೈಗ್ (ಅದಗದ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್) ರೆಕ್ಟರ್ ಆದ್ ವರ್ಗಾವಣೆ ಆಯೆರ್. ಅನಂತರ ಕಾಲೇಜ್ದ್ ಪ್ರಾಂಶುಪಾಲರಾದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Raghavan |first=Vikram |date=26 January 2020 |title=The forgotten founders of India |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/the-forgotten-founders-of-india/articleshow/73617916.cms?from=mdr |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389 |access-date=28 February 2025}}</ref> ಆರ್ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ವಿಶ್ವವಿದ್ಯಾನಿಲಯೊದ ಕಾನೂನು ಸಂಬಂಧಿತ ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿಡ್ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಪಾತ್ರ ವಹಿಸದಿನಾರ್. ಭಾರತೊದ ಸ್ವಾತಂತ್ರ್ಯದ ಕೈತಲ್ಡ್ ದೇಶೊಗ್ ಸಂವಿಧಾನೊದ ರಚನೆ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ ಒಂಜಿ ಸಭೆ ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಸಮಯೊಡ್, ಸಿ. ರಾಜಗೋಪಾಲಾಚಾರಿಯೆರ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜರರನ ಪುದರ್ನ್ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ವಿಧಾನಸಭೆಗ್ ಶಿಫಾರಸು ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಅಯಿಡ್ದ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ [[ದೆಹಲಿ]]ಡ್ ನಡೆತಿನ [[ಭಾರತ]]ದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆಗ್ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ವಿಧಾನಸಭೆದ ಪ್ರತಿನಿಧಿಯಾದ್ ಆಯ್ಕೆ ಆಯೆರ್.
==ಭಾರತದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆದ ಸದಸ್ಯ==
1946ದಿಂಚ 1950 ವರಗೆ ನಡೆತಿನ ಭಾರತೊದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆಡ್, ಪ್ರೊಟೆಸ್ಟೆಂಟ್ ನಾಯಕ ಎಚ್. ಸಿ. ಮುಖರ್ಜಿರ್ ಒಟ್ಟುದ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜರ್ ಅಲ್ಪಸಂಖ್ಯಾತ ಸಮುದಾಯಲೆನ ಹಕ್ಕುಲೆ—ವಿಶೇಷಾದ್ ಆರಾಧನೆ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣೊದ ಹಕ್ಕುಲೆ—ಸಂವಿಧಾನದ ಮಸೂದೆಡ್ ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣಾದ್ ರಕ್ಷಣೆ ಆಪುನ ಪಾಡ್ದ್ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಪಾತ್ರ ವಹಿಸಾದೆರ್. ಧರ್ಮ ಆಚರಣೆ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಧರ್ಮ ಪ್ರಚಾರ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಹಕ್ಕು ಭಾರತೀಯ ಪೌರರೆಲ್ಲೆಗ್ ಮೂಲಭೂತ ಹಕ್ಕಾದ್ ಸೇರೆರೆನ ಆರ್ ಪ್ರಯತ್ನಿಸಾದೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-08 |title=Pride of Kanara; True Son of India, Fr Jerome D'Souza SJ |url=https://www.jaaindia.com/news/book-release-function-%E2%80%9Cpride-kanara-true-son-india-fr-jerome-d%E2%80%99souza-sj%E2%80%9D |website=[www.jaaindia.com](http://www.jaaindia.com) |language=en |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>
==ರಾಜಕಾರಣಿ ಬುಕ್ಕ ರಾಜತಾಂತ್ರಿಕ==
ದೆಹಲಿ್ಡ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜೆರ್ ಸ್ವತಂತ್ರ ಭಾರತೊದ ಮೊದಲ ಪ್ರಧಾನಿ ಜವಾಹರಲಾಲ್ ನೆಹರು ವಿಶ್ವಾಸ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಗೌರವನ್ ಸಂಪಾದಿಸಾಯೆರ್. ಶಿಕ್ಷಣಕ್ ಸಂಬಂಧಪಟ್ಟುದಿನ ವಿಷಯಲೆಡ್ ನೆಹರೂ ಅರೆನ ಸಲಹೆನ್ ಆದಗದಗ ಪಡೆಯೆರ್. ಅರೆನ ಭಾಷೊಣ ಕೌಶಲ್ಯನ್ ಲೆಕ್ಕ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ನೆಹರೂ, ಸೂಕ್ಷ್ಮ ರಾಜತಾಂತ್ರಿಕ ಮಾತುಕತೆಡ್ ಲಾ ಅರೆನ ಪಾಲುಗಾರರಾಯಿನ ನೇಮಕ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jerome D'Souza: The man who helped shape India's freedom book - Living in Faith |url=https://www.livingfaith.in/daily-reflection/jerome-dsouza-the-man-who-helped-shape-indias-freedom-book/?srsltid=AfmBOor1QRO83ZtrAMkrlEDrQnuQ6xjS_5sDJJaFD4Nhq_MDQpMRg2uS |website=[www.livingfaith.in](http://www.livingfaith.in) |language=en-US |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>
* ಭಾರತಡ್ ಬಿಷಪ್ಲೆನ ನೇಮಕ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ವಿಷಯಡ್ ಪೋರ್ಚುಗಲ್ಗ್ ಅನಗತ್ಯ ಅಧಿಕಾರ ಕೊರ್ತಿತ್ತಿನ ವ್ಯಾಟಿಕನ್ದ
ಪಾದ್ರೊವಾಡೊ ವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆನ್ ಕೊನೆಗಾಣಿಸಾವೆರೆನ ಮಾತುಕತೆಡ್ ಆರ್ ಪಾಲುಪಡುದ್ ಇತ್ತೆರ್.
* ಫ್ರಾನ್ಸ್ ಸರ್ಕಾರೊಟ್ಟುಗು ನಡೆತಿನ ಮಾತುಕತೆಲೆಡ್ ಪಾಲ್ಗೊಂಡುದೆರ್, ಚಂದನನಗರ, ಪುದುಚೇರಿ ಅಂಚಿನ ಫ್ರೆಂಚ್ ವಸಾಹತು ಪ್ರದೇಶೊಲೆ ಶಾಂತಿಯುತವಾದ್ ಭಾರತೊಗ್ ಸೇರ್ಪಡೆ ಆಪುನ ಪ್ರಕ್ರಿಯೆಗ್ ಕೊಡುಗೆ ಕೊರ್ತಿನಾರ್.
* ನಾಲ್ ಸರ್ತಿ ಭಾರತೊದ ನಿಯೋಗದ ಸದಸ್ಯರಾದ್ ವಿಶ್ವಸಂಸ್ಥೆದ ವಾರ್ಷಿಕ ಮಹಾಸಭೆಡ್ ಭಾಗವಹಿಸಿದಿನಾರ್.
* ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷ್ ಬುಡ್ದು ಫ್ರೆಂಚ್, ಸ್ಪ್ಯಾನಿಷ್, ಇಟಾಲಿಯನ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಜರ್ಮನ್ ಭಾಷೆಲೆಡ್ ಪಾಂಡಿತ್ಯ ಇತ್ತಿನ ಕಾರಣೊಡ್ದು, ಜಗತ್ತುದ ಹಲವಾರು ದೇಶಲೆಡ್ ಭಾರತೀಯ ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತಿ, ಇತಿಹಾಸ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ರಾಜಕೀಯದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಉಪನ್ಯಾಸ ಕೊರಿಯೆರೆಗ್ ಅವೆರ್ನ್ ಆಹ್ವಾನಿಸಾವೊಂದುನಿನಾರ್.
==ಇಂಡಿಯನ್ ಸೋಶಿಯಲ್ ಇನ್ಸ್ಟಿಟ್ಯೂಟ್==
'''ಸೊಸೈಟಿ ಆಫ್ ಜೀಸಸ್ದ''' ಸುಪೀರಿಯರ್ ಜನರಲ್ದ ವಿನಂತಿದ ಮೇರೆಗ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ಪುಣೆಡ್ ಭಾರತೀಯ ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆನ್ ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್. (ಇತ್ತೆ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆ [[ನವದೆಹಲಿ]]ಡ್ ಉಂಡು.) 1951ಡ್ ''ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಕ್ರಿಯೆ'' ಪುದರ್ದ ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಶೈಕ್ಷಣಿಕ ನಿಯತಕಾಲಿಕನ್ ಆರಂಬ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್. ಅ ಪತ್ರಿಕೆ ಇಂದ್ ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಶೈಕ್ಷಣಿಕ ವಲಯೊಡ್ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧಿ ಪಡ್ದುಂಡು. 1951ದಿಂಚ 1956 ಮುಟ್ಟ ಅರ್ ಅ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆದ ಸುರುತ ನಿರ್ದೇಶಕರಾದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. 1957ಡ್ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಸಂಘದ ಸುಪೀರಿಯರ್ ಜನರಲ್ '''ಜೀನ್-ಬ್ಯಾಪ್ಟಿಸ್ಟ್ ಜಾನ್ಸೆನ್ಸ್''' ರೆರ್ ಭಾರತೀಯ ಬೊಕ್ಕ [[ಏಷ್ಯಾ]]ದ ವಿಷಯಲೆಗ್ ಸಹಾಯಕ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಸಲಹೆಗಾರರಾದ್ ಅರೆನ ನೇಮಕ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. 1968ಡ್ ಭಾರತೊಗ್ ತಿರುಗಿ ಬತ್ತಿನ ಪಿರ, ಲೇಖನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪುಸ್ತಕಲೆ ಬರೆಯೆರೆಡ್, ಉಪನ್ಯಾಸ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪಾಠ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆಡ್ ಅರೆನ ಅಕೇರಿದ ವರ್ಷಲೆನು ಕಳೆತೆರ್. 1977ಡ್ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ಡ್ ನಿಧನ ಆಯೇರ್. ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜರ್ ಅರೆನ ಕಾಲೊದ ಅತ್ಯಂತ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಪಾದ್ರಿಲೆಡ್ದ್ ಒಂಜಿ ಆದ್ ಪರಿಗಣನೆ ಆತೇರ್. [[ಚೆನ್ನೈ]]ದ ಲೊಯೊಲಾ ಕಾಲೇಜು, [[ಚೆನ್ನೈ]] ಆವರಣೊದ ''ಕ್ರೈಸ್ಟ್ ದ ಕಿಂಗ್ ಚರ್ಚ್''ಡ್ ಉಂಡು ಅರೆನ ಸಮಾಧಿಗ್ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಜನ ಗೌರವ ಸಲ್ಲಾವೆರೆಗ್ ಬರ್ಪೆರ್.
==ಗೌರವ==
[[File:Jerome D'Souza 1997 stamp of India.jpg|thumb|upright=1.1|1997ಡ್ ಭಾರತ ಸರ್ಕಾರ ಬಿಡುಗಡೆ ಮಲ್ಪಿನ ಅಂಚೆ ಚೀಟಿಡ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜ]]
1997ಡ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜರ್ ಜನ್ಮ ಶತಮಾನೋತ್ಸವದ ಪ್ರಯುಕ್ತ ಭಾರತ ಸರ್ಕಾರ ಸ್ಮಾರಕ ಅಂಚೆ ಚೀಟಿನ್ ಬಿಡುಗಡೆ ಮಲ್ಪುಂಡು.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jerome D'Souza, SJ |url=https://www.manresa-sj.org/stamps/1_DSouza.htm |website=[www.manresa-sj.org](http://www.manresa-sj.org) |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>
==ಕೃತಿಲು==
* ''Sardar Panikkar and the Christian Missions'', ತಿರುಚಿ, 1957.
* ''The Church and Civilization'', Garden City, 1967.
* ''Speeches and Writings'', ಮದ್ರಾಸ್, 1972.
==ಉಲ್ಲೇಖಲು==
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'''ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜ''' ಎಸ್.ಜೆ.; 6 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1897 – 12 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1977 ಭಾರತದ ಒಂಜಿ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಪಾದ್ರಿ, ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ ತಜ್ಞ, ಲೇಖಕ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಭಾರತದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆದ (1946–1950) ಸದಸ್ಯ ಆದ್ ಇತ್ತಿನಾರ್.<ref name="Parliamentofindia.nic.in">{{cite web |url=http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/debates/vol1p1.htm |title=CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY OF INDIA – Volume I |publisher=Parliament of India |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160706203405/http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/debates/vol1p1.htm |archive-date=6 July 2016 |url-status=dead |access-date=28 December 2017}}</ref>
[[File:Jerome D'Souza 2 (1897-1977).jpg|thumb|ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜ]]
==ಆರಂಭೊದ ಜೀವನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ==
ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷ್ ಭಾರತದ ಅಂದಿನ [[ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಕನ್ನಡ]] ಜಿಲ್ಲೆದ [[ಮೂಲ್ಕಿ]] ಪಟ್ಟಣದ ಒಂಜಿ ಕ್ಯಾಥೊಲಿಕ್ ಕುಟುಂಬೊಡು 6 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1897ಡ್ ಜನನ ಆಯೆರ್. ಬುದ್ದಿವಂತಿಕೆದ ಆಸಕ್ತಿ ಇತ್ತಿನ ಕುಟುಂಬೊಡು ಬುಳೆದಿನ ಕಾರಣೊಡ್ದು, ಬಾಲ್ಯೊಡೇ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಸ್ಥಳೀಯ ಭಾಷೆಲೆನು ಪೂರಾ ಕಲ್ತಿನಾರ್. ಅರೆನ ಪ್ರೌಢ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣನ್ ಸೇಂಟ್ ಅಲೋಶಿಯಸ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ಮಂಗಳೂರುಡ್ ಪೂರೈಸಿಯೆರ್. ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಉನ್ನತ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣನ್ ಸೇಂಟ್ ಜೋಸೆಫ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ತಿರುಚಿರಾಪಳ್ಳಿ, [[ತಮಿಳುನಾಡು]])ಡ್ ಮಂತೆರ್. ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ವಿಶ್ವವಿದ್ಯಾನಿಲಯೊಡ್ ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷ್ ಸಾಹಿತ್ಯೊದ ಪದವಿನ್ ಸಂಪಾದಿಸಾಯೆರ್. ಪದವಿ ಮುಗಿತ್ತಿನ ಪಿರ ಒಂಜಿ ವರ್ಷ ಸೇಂಟ್ ಜೋಸೆಫ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ತಿರುಚಿರಾಪಳ್ಳಿಡ್ ಉಪನ್ಯಾಸಕರಾದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಪಿರ 29 ಮೇ 1921ಡ್ ಸೊಸೈಟಿ ಆಫ್ ಜೀಸಸ್ ಸೇರರೆ ನಿರ್ಣಯ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fr Jerome D'Souza: A pioneering Mangalorean Jesuit |url=https://konkancatholic.com/fr-jerome-dsouza-a-pioneering-mangalorean-jesuit/ |website=KONKANCATHOLIC.COM |language=en |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>
ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಸಂಪ್ರದಾಯೊದ ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯ ಧಾರ್ಮಿಕ ತರಬೇತಿನ್ ಪೂರೈಸಿನಾರ್. ಧರ್ಮಶಾಸ್ತ್ರದ ಅಧ್ಯಯನನ್ ಬೆಲ್ಜಿಯಂಡ್ ಫ್ರೆಂಚ್ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಪಾದ್ರಿಲೆಡ್ದ್ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್. 30 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1931ಡ್ ಎಂಘಿಯನ್, ಬೆಲ್ಜಿಯಂಡ್ ಕ್ಯಾಥೊಲಿಕ್ ಪಾದ್ರಿಯಾದ್ ಅಭಿಷೇಕ ಆಯೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jerome D'Souza |url=https://www.constitutionofindia.net/members/jerome-dsouza-2/ |website=Constitution of India |language=en-US |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref> ಅತ್ತಂದೆ [[ಮಂಗಳೂರು]] ಕ್ಯಾಥೊಲಿಕ್ ಸಮುದಾಯೊದ ಸದಸ್ಯೆಲಾ ಆಯೆರ್.
==ತಮಿಳುನಾಡುದ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣತಜ್ಞ==
1933ಡ್ ಭಾರತಕ್ಕೆ ತಿರುಗಿ ಬತ್ತಿನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ, ಆರ್ ಓದುದಿನ ಸೇಂಟ್ ಜೋಸೆಫ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ತಿರುಚಿರಾಪಳ್ಳಿಡ್ ಪ್ರಾಧ್ಯಾಪಕರಾದ್ ನೇಮಕ ಆಯೆರ್. ಆವು ಆಯಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಒಂತೆ ಸಮಯೊದ ಅ ಕಾಲೇಜ್ದ್ ರೆಕ್ಟರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಅಧ್ಯಕ್ಷರಾದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ದಿನಾರ್. ಸಮರ್ಥ ಆಡಳಿತಗಾರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪ್ರಭಾವಶಾಲಿ ಭಾಷಣಕಾರ ಆಪಿನ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜರ್, ಅದಗ ಅಪಗದ [[ಭಾರತೀಯ ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ಕಾಂಗ್ರೆಸ್]]ದ ಅಧ್ಯಕ್ಷ ಸರ್ ಸಿ. ರಾಜಗೋಪಾಲಾಚಾರಿ (ರಾಜಾಜಿ) ಯೆರ್ ಗಮನನ್ ಸೆಳೆದೆರ್. 1942ಡ್ ಅವೆರ್ನ್ ಲೊಯೊಲಾ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ಚೆನ್ನೈಗ್ (ಅದಗದ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್) ರೆಕ್ಟರ್ ಆದ್ ವರ್ಗಾವಣೆ ಆಯೆರ್. ಅನಂತರ ಕಾಲೇಜ್ದ್ ಪ್ರಾಂಶುಪಾಲರಾದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Raghavan |first=Vikram |date=26 January 2020 |title=The forgotten founders of India |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/the-forgotten-founders-of-india/articleshow/73617916.cms?from=mdr |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389 |access-date=28 February 2025}}</ref> ಆರ್ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ವಿಶ್ವವಿದ್ಯಾನಿಲಯೊದ ಕಾನೂನು ಸಂಬಂಧಿತ ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿಡ್ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಪಾತ್ರ ವಹಿಸದಿನಾರ್. ಭಾರತೊದ ಸ್ವಾತಂತ್ರ್ಯದ ಕೈತಲ್ಡ್ ದೇಶೊಗ್ ಸಂವಿಧಾನೊದ ರಚನೆ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ ಒಂಜಿ ಸಭೆ ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಸಮಯೊಡ್, ಸಿ. ರಾಜಗೋಪಾಲಾಚಾರಿಯೆರ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜರರನ ಪುದರ್ನ್ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ವಿಧಾನಸಭೆಗ್ ಶಿಫಾರಸು ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಅಯಿಡ್ದ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ [[ದೆಹಲಿ]]ಡ್ ನಡೆತಿನ [[ಭಾರತ]]ದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆಗ್ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ವಿಧಾನಸಭೆದ ಪ್ರತಿನಿಧಿಯಾದ್ ಆಯ್ಕೆ ಆಯೆರ್.
==ಭಾರತದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆದ ಸದಸ್ಯ==
1946ದಿಂಚ 1950 ವರಗೆ ನಡೆತಿನ ಭಾರತೊದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆಡ್, ಪ್ರೊಟೆಸ್ಟೆಂಟ್ ನಾಯಕ ಎಚ್. ಸಿ. ಮುಖರ್ಜಿರ್ ಒಟ್ಟುದ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜರ್ ಅಲ್ಪಸಂಖ್ಯಾತ ಸಮುದಾಯಲೆನ ಹಕ್ಕುಲೆ—ವಿಶೇಷಾದ್ ಆರಾಧನೆ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣೊದ ಹಕ್ಕುಲೆ—ಸಂವಿಧಾನದ ಮಸೂದೆಡ್ ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣಾದ್ ರಕ್ಷಣೆ ಆಪುನ ಪಾಡ್ದ್ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಪಾತ್ರ ವಹಿಸಾದೆರ್. ಧರ್ಮ ಆಚರಣೆ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಧರ್ಮ ಪ್ರಚಾರ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಹಕ್ಕು ಭಾರತೀಯ ಪೌರರೆಲ್ಲೆಗ್ ಮೂಲಭೂತ ಹಕ್ಕಾದ್ ಸೇರೆರೆನ ಆರ್ ಪ್ರಯತ್ನಿಸಾದೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-08 |title=Pride of Kanara; True Son of India, Fr Jerome D'Souza SJ |url=https://www.jaaindia.com/news/book-release-function-%E2%80%9Cpride-kanara-true-son-india-fr-jerome-d%E2%80%99souza-sj%E2%80%9D |website=[www.jaaindia.com](http://www.jaaindia.com) |language=en |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>
==ರಾಜಕಾರಣಿ ಬುಕ್ಕ ರಾಜತಾಂತ್ರಿಕ==
ದೆಹಲಿ್ಡ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜೆರ್ ಸ್ವತಂತ್ರ ಭಾರತೊದ ಮೊದಲ ಪ್ರಧಾನಿ ಜವಾಹರಲಾಲ್ ನೆಹರು ವಿಶ್ವಾಸ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಗೌರವನ್ ಸಂಪಾದಿಸಾಯೆರ್. ಶಿಕ್ಷಣಕ್ ಸಂಬಂಧಪಟ್ಟುದಿನ ವಿಷಯಲೆಡ್ ನೆಹರೂ ಅರೆನ ಸಲಹೆನ್ ಆದಗದಗ ಪಡೆಯೆರ್. ಅರೆನ ಭಾಷೊಣ ಕೌಶಲ್ಯನ್ ಲೆಕ್ಕ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ನೆಹರೂ, ಸೂಕ್ಷ್ಮ ರಾಜತಾಂತ್ರಿಕ ಮಾತುಕತೆಡ್ ಲಾ ಅರೆನ ಪಾಲುಗಾರರಾಯಿನ ನೇಮಕ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jerome D'Souza: The man who helped shape India's freedom book - Living in Faith |url=https://www.livingfaith.in/daily-reflection/jerome-dsouza-the-man-who-helped-shape-indias-freedom-book/?srsltid=AfmBOor1QRO83ZtrAMkrlEDrQnuQ6xjS_5sDJJaFD4Nhq_MDQpMRg2uS |website=[www.livingfaith.in](http://www.livingfaith.in) |language=en-US |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>
* ಭಾರತಡ್ ಬಿಷಪ್ಲೆನ ನೇಮಕ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ವಿಷಯಡ್ ಪೋರ್ಚುಗಲ್ಗ್ ಅನಗತ್ಯ ಅಧಿಕಾರ ಕೊರ್ತಿತ್ತಿನ ವ್ಯಾಟಿಕನ್ದ
ಪಾದ್ರೊವಾಡೊ ವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆನ್ ಕೊನೆಗಾಣಿಸಾವೆರೆನ ಮಾತುಕತೆಡ್ ಆರ್ ಪಾಲುಪಡುದ್ ಇತ್ತೆರ್.
* ಫ್ರಾನ್ಸ್ ಸರ್ಕಾರೊಟ್ಟುಗು ನಡೆತಿನ ಮಾತುಕತೆಲೆಡ್ ಪಾಲ್ಗೊಂಡುದೆರ್, ಚಂದನನಗರ, ಪುದುಚೇರಿ ಅಂಚಿನ ಫ್ರೆಂಚ್ ವಸಾಹತು ಪ್ರದೇಶೊಲೆ ಶಾಂತಿಯುತವಾದ್ ಭಾರತೊಗ್ ಸೇರ್ಪಡೆ ಆಪುನ ಪ್ರಕ್ರಿಯೆಗ್ ಕೊಡುಗೆ ಕೊರ್ತಿನಾರ್.
* ನಾಲ್ ಸರ್ತಿ ಭಾರತೊದ ನಿಯೋಗದ ಸದಸ್ಯರಾದ್ ವಿಶ್ವಸಂಸ್ಥೆದ ವಾರ್ಷಿಕ ಮಹಾಸಭೆಡ್ ಭಾಗವಹಿಸಿದಿನಾರ್.
* ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷ್ ಬುಡ್ದು ಫ್ರೆಂಚ್, ಸ್ಪ್ಯಾನಿಷ್, ಇಟಾಲಿಯನ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಜರ್ಮನ್ ಭಾಷೆಲೆಡ್ ಪಾಂಡಿತ್ಯ ಇತ್ತಿನ ಕಾರಣೊಡ್ದು, ಜಗತ್ತುದ ಹಲವಾರು ದೇಶಲೆಡ್ ಭಾರತೀಯ ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತಿ, ಇತಿಹಾಸ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ರಾಜಕೀಯದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಉಪನ್ಯಾಸ ಕೊರಿಯೆರೆಗ್ ಅವೆರ್ನ್ ಆಹ್ವಾನಿಸಾವೊಂದುನಿನಾರ್.
==ಇಂಡಿಯನ್ ಸೋಶಿಯಲ್ ಇನ್ಸ್ಟಿಟ್ಯೂಟ್==
'''ಸೊಸೈಟಿ ಆಫ್ ಜೀಸಸ್ದ''' ಸುಪೀರಿಯರ್ ಜನರಲ್ದ ವಿನಂತಿದ ಮೇರೆಗ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ಪುಣೆಡ್ ಭಾರತೀಯ ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆನ್ ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್. (ಇತ್ತೆ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆ [[ನವದೆಹಲಿ]]ಡ್ ಉಂಡು.) 1951ಡ್ ''ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಕ್ರಿಯೆ'' ಪುದರ್ದ ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಶೈಕ್ಷಣಿಕ ನಿಯತಕಾಲಿಕನ್ ಆರಂಬ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್. ಅ ಪತ್ರಿಕೆ ಇಂದ್ ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಶೈಕ್ಷಣಿಕ ವಲಯೊಡ್ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧಿ ಪಡ್ದುಂಡು. 1951ದಿಂಚ 1956 ಮುಟ್ಟ ಅರ್ ಅ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆದ ಸುರುತ ನಿರ್ದೇಶಕರಾದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. 1957ಡ್ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಸಂಘದ ಸುಪೀರಿಯರ್ ಜನರಲ್ '''ಜೀನ್-ಬ್ಯಾಪ್ಟಿಸ್ಟ್ ಜಾನ್ಸೆನ್ಸ್''' ರೆರ್ ಭಾರತೀಯ ಬೊಕ್ಕ [[ಏಷ್ಯಾ]]ದ ವಿಷಯಲೆಗ್ ಸಹಾಯಕ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಸಲಹೆಗಾರರಾದ್ ಅರೆನ ನೇಮಕ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. 1968ಡ್ ಭಾರತೊಗ್ ತಿರುಗಿ ಬತ್ತಿನ ಪಿರ, ಲೇಖನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪುಸ್ತಕಲೆ ಬರೆಯೆರೆಡ್, ಉಪನ್ಯಾಸ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪಾಠ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆಡ್ ಅರೆನ ಅಕೇರಿದ ವರ್ಷಲೆನು ಕಳೆತೆರ್. 1977ಡ್ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ಡ್ ನಿಧನ ಆಯೇರ್. ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜರ್ ಅರೆನ ಕಾಲೊದ ಅತ್ಯಂತ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಪಾದ್ರಿಲೆಡ್ದ್ ಒಂಜಿ ಆದ್ ಪರಿಗಣನೆ ಆತೇರ್. [[ಚೆನ್ನೈ]]ದ ಲೊಯೊಲಾ ಕಾಲೇಜು, [[ಚೆನ್ನೈ]] ಆವರಣೊದ ''ಕ್ರೈಸ್ಟ್ ದ ಕಿಂಗ್ ಚರ್ಚ್''ಡ್ ಉಂಡು ಅರೆನ ಸಮಾಧಿಗ್ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಜನ ಗೌರವ ಸಲ್ಲಾವೆರೆಗ್ ಬರ್ಪೆರ್.
==ಗೌರವ==
[[File:Jerome D'Souza 1997 stamp of India.jpg|thumb|upright=1.1|1997ಡ್ ಭಾರತ ಸರ್ಕಾರ ಬಿಡುಗಡೆ ಮಲ್ಪಿನ ಅಂಚೆ ಚೀಟಿಡ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜ]]
1997ಡ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜರ್ ಜನ್ಮ ಶತಮಾನೋತ್ಸವದ ಪ್ರಯುಕ್ತ ಭಾರತ ಸರ್ಕಾರ ಸ್ಮಾರಕ ಅಂಚೆ ಚೀಟಿನ್ ಬಿಡುಗಡೆ ಮಲ್ಪುಂಡು.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jerome D'Souza, SJ |url=https://www.manresa-sj.org/stamps/1_DSouza.htm |website=[www.manresa-sj.org](http://www.manresa-sj.org) |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>
==ಕೃತಿಲು==
* ''Sardar Panikkar and the Christian Missions'', ತಿರುಚಿ, 1957.
* ''The Church and Civilization'', Garden City, 1967.
* ''Speeches and Writings'', ಮದ್ರಾಸ್, 1972.
==ಉಲ್ಲೇಕೊಲು==
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'''ರವಿವರ್ಮ ನರಸಿಂಹ ಡೊಂಬ ಹೆಗ್ಗಡೆ''' (ನಿಧನ: 1800) ಮೇರ್ ವಿಟ್ಲೊದ ಅರಸಾಂಚೆ ಅರಸು ಆತಿನಾರ್. ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷ್ ವಸಾಹತು ಆಳ್ವೆದ ವಿರುದ್ಧ ಇತ್ತಿನ ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಕನ್ನಡ ಪ್ರದೇಶೊದ ಪ್ರತಿರೋಧದ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ನಾಯಕೆರೆಡ್ ಒರಿ.<ref>N. Shyam Bhat, ''South Kanara, 1799–1860: A Study in Colonial Administration and Regional Response'', Mittal Publications, 1998.</ref>
== ಆರಂಭಿಕ ಜೀವನ ==
ರವಿವರ್ಮ ಡೊಂಬ ಹೆಗ್ಗಡೆ ವಂಶೊದ ರಾಜಮನೆತನದ ಕುಟುಂಬೊದಾರ್. ಈ ವಂಶೊ ಬಂಟ್ ಸಮುದಾಯದ ಮಾತೃವಂಶೀಯ (ಅಳಿಯಸಂತಾನ) ಪರಂಪರೆ ಪಾಡ್ದ್ ರಾಜ್ಯ ಆಳ್ತೊಂದು ಬತ್ತಿನಾರ್.<ref>P. Gururaja Bhat, ''Studies in Tuluva History and Culture'', 1975.</ref> ಮೇರ್ ಅರೆನ ಮಾಮು ಅಚ್ಯುತ ಡೊಂಬ ಹೆಗ್ಗಡೆನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ವಿಟ್ಲ ಅರಸಾಂಚೆ ಅರಸುದ ಪಟ್ಟದಾರ್. ಅಳಿಯಸಂತಾನ ಪದ್ಧತಿದ ಪ್ರಕಾರ ರಾಜ್ಯಾಧಿಕಾರ ಮೆರೆಗ್ ವರ್ಗಾಯಿತ್ತಾತುಂಡು.
== ಹೈದರ್ ಅಲಿನ ದಂಡಯಾತ್ರೆ ==
ಅಚ್ಯುತ ಡೊಂಬ ಹೆಗ್ಗಡೆ ಮೈಸೂರು ಅರಸು ಹೈದರ್ ಅಲಿನ ದಂಡಯಾತ್ರೆದ ಕಾಲೊಡ್ ಬಂಧನ ಆಪೇರ್. ಆ ಕಾಲೊಡ್ ರಾಜಮನೆತನದ ಸದಸ್ಯೆರ್ ಇತ್ತೆದ ಕೇರಳೊದ ತಲಶ್ಶೇರಿಗ್ ಪೊಯಿನ ಕಾರಣ ಬದುಕುದು ಒರಿಯೆರ್.
== ವಿಟ್ಲ ರಾಜ್ಯೊದ ಪುನಃ ಸ್ವಾಧೀನ ==
ಕೆಲ ವರ್ಷೊಗ್ ಪಿರ ರವಿವರ್ಮ ವಿಟ್ಲ ರಾಜ್ಯ ಮರಳಿ ಪಡೆಯರೆ ಸೈನಿಕೊನೊಟ್ಟುಗು ದಂಡಯಾತ್ರೆ ಮಲ್ಪುವೆರ್. ಈ ಯುದ್ಧೊಡ್ ನೀಲೇಶ್ವರದ ಅರಸು ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷರೆರ್ ಸಹಾಯ ಮಲ್ಪೆರ್.
== ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷರ ವಿರುದ್ಧದ ಬಂಡಾಯ ==
ಪಿರ ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷರೆರ್ ಡೊಂಬ ಹೆಗ್ಗಡೆ ವಂಶದ ಪ್ರಭಾವ ಕಡಿಮೆ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಪ್ರಯತ್ನ ಮಲ್ಪುನಗ, ರವಿವರ್ಮ ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷರ ವಿರುದ್ಧ ಬಹಿರಂಗ ಬಂಡಾಯ ಮಲ್ಪುವೆರ್. ಈ ಬಂಡಾಯೊಡ್ ಕುಂಬಳೆ ಅರಸು ಬೊಕ್ಕ ನೀಲೇಶ್ವರ ಅರಸುಲೆಗ್ ಸೇರಿನ ಒಟ್ಟು ಹೋರಾಟ ಮಲ್ಪೆರ್. ಆಂಡಾ ಈ ಪ್ರತಿರೋಧ ವಿಫಲ ಆಂಡ್.
== ನಿಧನ ==
ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷರೆನ ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಕನ್ನಡೊದ ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣ ನಿಯಂತ್ರಣ ಪಡೆಯಿನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪಿರ, 22 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1800ಡ್ ರವಿವರ್ಮನೊಟ್ಟುಗ್ ಡೊಂಬ ಹೆಗ್ಗಡೆ ವಂಶೊದ ಒರುಂಬ ಸದಸ್ಯೆರೆನ್ ಗಲ್ಲಿಗೇರಿಸೆರ್.<ref>N. Shyam Bhat, ''South Kanara, 1799–1860: A Study in Colonial Administration and Regional Response'', p.75.</ref>
== ಉಲ್ಲೇಕೊಲು ==
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{{ಸಣ್ಣ ಮಾಹಿತಿ|ಭಾರತದ ಉದ್ಯಮಿ}}
{{Infobox person
| name = ವಿಠ್ಠಲ್ ಮಲ್ಯ
| birth_date = 8 ಫೆಬ್ರವರಿ 1924
| birth_place = [[ಬಂಟ್ವಾಳ]], [[ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಕನ್ನಡ]], ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ಪ್ರೆಸಿಡೆನ್ಸಿ, ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷ್ ಭಾರತ<br>(ಈಗೊ [[ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಕನ್ನಡ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆ]], [[ಕರ್ನಾಟಕ]], ಭಾರತ)
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=y|1983|10|13|1924|02|08}}
| death_place = ತಾಜ್ ಮಹಲ್ ಪ್ಯಾಲೆಸ್ ಹೊಟೇಲ್, ಮುಂಬೈ, [[ಮಹಾರಾಷ್ಟ್ರ]], ಭಾರತ
| education = ದಿ ಡೂನ್ ಸ್ಕೂಲ್<br>ಪ್ರೆಸಿಡೆನ್ಸಿ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ಕೊಲ್ಕತ್ತಾ
| occupation = ಉದ್ಯಮಿ
| years_active = 1947–1983
| organization = ಯುನೈಟೆಡ್ ಬ್ರೂವರೀಸ್ ಗ್ರೂಪ್
| known_for = ಮದ್ಯ ಉದ್ಯಮದ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿ
| boards = ಯುನೈಟೆಡ್ ಬ್ರೂವರೀಸ್ ಗ್ರೂಪ್<br>ಮೈಸೂರು ಎಲೆಕ್ಟ್ರೋ-ಕೆಮಿಕಲ್ ವರ್ಕ್ಸ್<br>ಕಿಸ್ಸಾನ್ ಪ್ರಾಡಕ್ಟ್ಸ್<br>ಹಿಂದುಸ್ತಾನ್ ಕೋಕೋ ಪ್ರಾಡಕ್ಟ್ಸ್<br>ಇಂಡಿಯನ್ ಸೀವಿಂಗ್ ಮಷೀನ್ಸ್ ಕಂಪನಿ<br>ಹೋಕ್ಸ್ಟ್ ಎಜಿ<br>ಇಸ್ಮಾಕೊ<br>ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷ್ ಪೇಂಟ್ಸ್<br>ಕ್ಯಾಡ್ಬರಿ ಇಂಡಿಯಾ<br>ಹಿಂದುಸ್ತಾನ್ ಪಾಲಿಮರ್ಸ್<br>ಬುಶ್ ಬೋಕ್ ಅಲೆನ್
| children = ವಿಜಯ್ ಮಲ್ಯ
| relatives = ಸಿದ್ಧಾರ್ಥ್ ಮಲ್ಯ (ಮೊಮ್ಮಗ)
}}
'''ವಿಠ್ಠಲ್ ಮಲ್ಯ''' (8 ಫೆಬ್ರವರಿ 1924 – 13 ಅಕ್ಟೋಬರ್ 1983) ಭಾರತದ ಒಂಜಿ ಉದ್ಯಮಿಯಾದ್ ಇತ್ತಿನಾರ್. ಭಾರತೊದ ಯುನೈಟೆಡ್ ಬ್ರೂವರೀಸ್ ಗ್ರೂಪ್ದ ಮಾಜಿ ಅಧ್ಯಕ್ಷರಾದ್ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧರ್. ವಿಜಯ್ ಮಲ್ಯೊ ಅರೆನ ಮಗೆ.
==ಸುರುತ ಜೀವನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ವಿದ್ಯಾಭ್ಯಾಸ==
ವಿಠ್ಠಲ್ ಮಲ್ಯ 1924ದ ಫೆಬ್ರವರಿ 8ಡ್ ಪುಟ್ಟಿಯೆರ್. ಲೆಫ್ಟಿನೆಂಟ್ ಕರ್ನಲ್ ಬಂಟ್ವಾಳ ಗಣಪತಿ ಮಲ್ಯ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ದೇವಿ ಮಲ್ಯರ ಮೂಜಿ ಜೋಕುಲೆಡ ಕಡೆತಾರ್. ಆರ್ ಗೌಡ ಸಾರಸ್ವತ ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಣ ಸಮುದಾಯದ ಮಾಧ್ವ ಸಂಪ್ರದಾಯೊದ ಕುಟುಂಬೊದರ್.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/bengaluru/2016/dec/14/the-beautiful-in-a-city-gone-askew-1548639.html|title=The beautiful in a city gone askew|work=The New Indian Express|access-date=14 December 2016}}</ref> ಕುಟುಂಬೊ ಮೂಲತಃ [[ಮಂಗಳೂರು]]ದ ಸಮೀಪದ [[ಬಂಟ್ವಾಳ]]ದವೆರಾದ್ ಇತ್ತೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |first=Bhupesh |last=Bhandari |url=http://www.rediff.com/money/2005/apr/08mallya.htm |title=Vijay Mallya: Mr High Spirits |work=Rediff.com |date=8 April 2005 |access-date=17 March 2016}}</ref>
ಬಾಲ್ಯೊದ ಕಾಲೊಡ್ ಅರ್ ಭಾರತದ ಅವೆತೊ ಸೈನಿಕ ಶಿಬಿರೊ ಪಟ್ಟಣೊಲೆಡ್ ಜೀವನ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಕಾರಣೊಡು, ಭಾರತೊದ ಪಲ ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತಿಲೆನ ಅನುಭವ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಸುಮಾರು 12 ವರ್ಷೊದ ಪಿರಾವು, ಅರೆನ ಅಮ್ಮೆರ್ನ ಸೈನಿಕ ಹುದ್ದೆ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಐಶ್ವರ್ಯೊದ ಮೂಲಕ ದಿ ಡೂನ್ ಸ್ಕೂಲ್ಡ್ ಸೇರ್ಯೆರ್. ಶಾಲೆಡ್ ವಿಠ್ಠಲ ಮಲ್ಯ ಬುದ್ಧಿವಂತ ವಿದ್ಯಾರ್ಥಿಯಾದ್ ಮಿಂಚಿನಾರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಉತ್ತಮ ಸಾಧನೆಗಾದ್ ಅವೆತೊ ಸಲ ಡಬಲ್ ಪ್ರೊಮೋಷನ್ ಪಡದಿನಾರ್.
ಶಾಲೆ ಮುಗಿತ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ, ಅರ್ ಪ್ರೆಸಿಡೆನ್ಸಿ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ಕೊಲ್ಕತ್ತಾಡ್ ಉನ್ನತ ವಿದ್ಯಾಭ್ಯಾಸಗ್ ಸೇರಾಯೆರ್. ಆ ಸಮಯೊಡ್ ಅರೆನ ಅಮ್ಮೆರ್ ಕೊಲ್ಕತ್ತಾಡ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ತೊಂಡಿತ್ತಿನ ಕಾರಣೊಡು ಈ ಕಾಲೇಜುದ ಆಯ್ಕೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಪದವಿ ಮುಗಿಸಾಯಿನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ, ಅರೆರ್ ರಡ್ಡ್ ವರ್ಷಲೆನ ಮೀರಿನ ಅವಧಿಗ್ ಯೂರೋಪ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಬೇತೆ ದೇಶೊಲೆಗ್ ಪ್ರಯಾಣ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಈ ಪ್ರಯಾಣೊದ ಮುಖ್ಯ ಕಾರಣ ಅರೆನ ಅಮ್ಮೆರ್—ಇಂಗ್ಲೆಂಡ್ಡ್ ಕಲಿತ್ತಿನ ಒಂಜಿ ಆಂಗ್ಲಾಭಿಮಾನಿ—ಮಗಗ್ ಯೂರೋಪ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ವಿಶ್ವೊದ ಅನುಭವ ಕೊಡ್ಪುನ ಬಯಕೆ, ಬೊಕ್ಕ ವಿಠ್ಠಲ್ ಮಲ್ಯಗ್ ಪುಸ್ತಕೊದ ವಿದ್ಯೆಡ್ದು ನೇರ ಅನುಭವ ಜಾಸ್ತಿ ಮಹತ್ವ ಉಂಡು ಪಂದ್ ನಂಬಿಕೆ ಇತ್ತುಂಡು. ಈ ಪ್ರಯಾಣೊದ ಸಮಯೊಡ್ ಅರ್ ಸ್ಪ್ಯಾನಿಷ್ ಭಾಷೆನೂ ಲಾ ಕಲ್ತೆರ್.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://theubgroup.com/group_information.aspx|title=UB Group|website=UB Group (official website)|access-date=17 March 2016|archive-date=6 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131206135034/http://theubgroup.com/group_information.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref>
== ಉದ್ಯಮೊದ ಜೀವನ ==
1946–47ಡ್ ವಿಠ್ಠಲ್ ಮಲ್ಯ ಯುನೈಟೆಡ್ ಬ್ರೂವರೀಸ್ ಲಿಮಿಟೆಡ್ದ ಷೇರುಲೆನ ಕೊರ್ಪುನೆ ಪ್ರಾರಂಭ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/19820731-vittal-mallya-the-industrialist-with-the-midas-touch-772013-2013-10-09 |title=Vittal Mallya: The industrialist with the Midas touch |website=India Today |date=9 October 2013 |access-date=17 March 2016}}</ref> 1947ಡ್ ಅರ್ ಯುನೈಟೆಡ್ ಬ್ರೂವರೀಸ್ ಗ್ರೂಪ್ದ ಪ್ರಥಮ ಭಾರತೀಯ ನಿರ್ದೇಶಕೆರಾದ್ ಆಯ್ಕೆ ಆಯೆರ್. ಒಂಜಿ ವರ್ಷೊದ ಬೊಕ್ಕ, ಆರ್. ಜಿ. ಎನ್. ಪ್ರೈಸ್ನ ಬದಲಾದ್ ಕಂಪೆನಿದ ಅಧ್ಯಕ್ಷೆರಾದ್ ಜವಾಬ್ದಾರಿ ವಹಿಸಾಯೆರ್. 1951ಡ್ ಅರೆರ್ ಮ್ಯಾಕ್ಡೋವೆಲ್ ಆಂಡ್ ಕಂಪೆನಿ ಲಿಮಿಟೆಡ್ನ ಸ್ವಾಧೀನ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. 1952ಡ್ [[ಬೆಂಗಳೂರು]]ಗ್ ಬರ್ಪಿನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ, ಎಲ್ಯ ಎಲ್ಯ ಬ್ರೂವರೀಸ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಡಿಸ್ಟಿಲರಿಲೆನ ಕೊರ್ಪುನ ಕಾರ್ಯೊ ಕ್ರಮಬದ್ಧವಾದ್ ಮುಂದುವರೆಸಾಯೆರ್. ಪೊಸ ಬ್ರೂವರೀಸ್ [[ಕೇರಳ]]ದ ಚೇರ್ತಲ, [[ಆಂಧ್ರ ಪ್ರದೇಶ]]ದ ಹೈದರಾಬಾದ್, [[ಗೋವಾ]]ದ ಪೊಂಡಾ ಬೊಕ್ಕ [[ಬಿಹಾರ]]ದ ಹತಿದಾಹಡ್ ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ ಆಂಡ್. 1960ರ ದಶಕೊದ ಆರಂಭೊಡ್ ಕೊಲ್ಕತ್ತಾಡ್ ಇತ್ತೆರ್, ಆರ್ ಕೇರ್ಯೂ ಆಂಡ್ ಕಂಪೆನಿ ಲಿಮಿಟೆಡ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಫಿಪ್ಸನ್ ಆಂಡ್ ಕಂಪೆನಿ ಲಿಮಿಟೆಡ್ನ ಸ್ವಾಧೀನ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಮೂಲಕ ಮದ್ಯ ವಿತರಣಾ ಕ್ಷೇತ್ರಡ್ ನನಲ ಜಾಸ್ತಿ ಹಿಡಿತ ಸಾಧಿಸಾಯೆರ್. 1970ರ ದಶಕೊದ ಆರಂಭೊಡ್ ಹರ್ಬರ್ಟ್ಸನ್ಸ್ ಲಿಮಿಟೆಡ್ನೂ ಸ್ವಾಧೀನ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಉಂದೇ ಅವಧಿಡ್ ಜರ್ಮನಿದ ಹೋಕ್ಸ್ಟ್ ಎಜಿ ಜೊತೆ ಪಾಲುದಾರಿಕೆ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಮೂಲಕ ಹೋಯ್ಸ್ಟ್ ಫಾರ್ಮಾಸ್ಯುಟಿಕಲ್ಸ್ ಲಿಮಿಟೆಡ್ (ಇತ್ತೆದ ಅವೆಂಟಿಸ್ ಫಾರ್ಮಾ) ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆಡ್ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಪಾತ್ರ ವಹಿಸಾಯೆರ್.
ಆಹಾರ ಉತ್ಪನ್ನೊದ ಕ್ಷೇತ್ರಗ್ ಪ್ರವೇಶ 1950ಡ್ ಕಿಸ್ಸಾನ್ ಪ್ರಾಡಕ್ಟ್ಸ್ನ ಸ್ವಾಧೀನ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಮೂಲಕ ಆರಂಭ ಆಂಡ್. ಹರ್ಬರ್ಟ್ಸನ್ಸ್ ಸ್ವಾಧೀನ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ, ಅರೆನ ಡಿಪಿಸ್ ವಿಭಾಗೊನೂ ಪಡೆಯೆರ್. ಉಂದೆಡ್ದ್ ಸಂಸ್ಕರಿತ ಆಹಾರೊ ಉತ್ಪನ್ನೊಲೆಡ್ ಅರೆನ ಪ್ರಭಾವ ಗಣನೀಯವಾದ್ ಜಾಸ್ತಿ ಆಂಡ್. 1977ಡ್ ಸರ್ಕಾರದ ಮದ್ಯನಿಷೇಧ ನೀತಿ ಬ್ರೂವರೀಸ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಡಿಸ್ಟಿಲರಿಲೆಗ್ ತೊಂದರೆ ಆಂಡಲಾ, ವಿಠ್ಠಲ್ ಮಲ್ಯ ಭವಿಷ್ಯೊದ ದೃಷ್ಟಿನ್ ತೋರಿಸಾಯೆರ್. ಪ್ರೀಮಿಯರ್, ಜ್ಯುಪಿಟರ್, ಪಂಜಾಬ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಇಂಡೋ-ಲೋವೆನ್ಬ್ರೌ ಬ್ರೂವರೀಸ್, ಉದಯಪುರ, ಅಲ್ವಾರ್, ಮಿರ್ಗಂಜ್, ಸೆರಾಂಪೂರ್ದ ಡಿಸ್ಟಿಲರಿಲೆನ ಸ್ವಾಧೀನ ಮಲ್ತಾಯೆರ್. ಅಂಚನೆ ಪುದುಚೇರಿಡ್ ಹೊಸ ಘಟಕ ಸ್ಥಾಪಿಸಾಯೆರ್. ಈ ಕ್ರಮೊದ ಫಲಿತಾಂಶಾದ್, ಅರೆನ ಮೋಹನ್ ಮೀಕಿನ್ನ ಮೀರ್ದ್ ಭಾರತೊದ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಬಿಯರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಮದ್ಯ ಉದ್ಯಮಿಯಾದ್ ಗುರುತಾಯೆರ್. ಆರ್ ಜಮ್ಮು ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಕಾಶ್ಮೀರ ಸರ್ಕಾರಡ್ದ್ ರಡ್ಡ್ ಏಕರೆ ಜಾಗೆ ಬಾಡಿಗೆನ್ ಪಡೆದು ಹಾಪ್ಸ್ ಸಸಿಲೆನ ಬೆಳೆಸುನ ನರ್ಸರಿ ಸ್ಥಾಪಿಸಾಯೆರ್. ಆ ಸಸಿಲೆನ ಕಾಶ್ಮೀರದ ರೈತರೆಗ್ ಕೊರ್ದು, ಉತ್ಪಾದನೆ ಪೂರ್ತಿ ತಾನೇ ಕೊರ್ಪುನ ಮೂಲಕ ಬಿಯರ್ ತಯಾರಿಕೆಗ್ ಅಗತ್ಯವಾಯಿನ ಹಾಪ್ಸ್ ಉತ್ಪಾದನೆಡ್ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ನಿಯಂತ್ರಣ ಸಾಧಿಸಾಯೆರ್. ಹೋಕ್ಸ್ಟ್ ಎಜಿದ ಸಹಕಾರೊಡನೆ ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷ್ ಪೇಂಟ್ಸ್ನ ಅಧ್ಯಕ್ಷೆರಾದ್ ಆಯೆರ್. ಕಿಸ್ಸಾನ್ ಪ್ರಾಡಕ್ಟ್ಸ್ನ ಅಂತರರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ಪಾಲುದಾರ '''ಕ್ಯಾಡ್ಬರಿ ಷ್ವೆಪ್ಸ್''' ಮೂಲಕ ಕ್ಯಾಡ್ಬರಿ ಇಂಡಿಯಾದ ನಿರ್ದೇಶಕ ಮಂಡಳಿಗ್ ಸೇರ್ದ್, ಕೆಲವು ವರ್ಷೊ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಅಧ್ಯಕ್ಷೆರಾದ್ ಇತ್ತೆರ್. ಬಹುರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ಕಂಪೆನಿಲೆಡ್ ಹೂಡಿಕೆ ಕಡಿಮೆ ಮಲ್ತಿತ್ತಿನ ಸಮಯೊಡ್ ಇಂಡಿಯನ್ ಸೀವಿಂಗ್ ಮಷೀನ್ ಕಂಪೆನಿ, ಮಲಯಾಳಂ ಪ್ಲಾಂಟೇಷನ್ಸ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಬುಶ್ ಬೋಕ್ ಅಲೆನ್ಡ್ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಹುದ್ದೆಲೆನ್ ವಹಿಸಾಯೆರ್. ಅರೆನ ಬಾಕಿದ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಸ್ವಾಧೀನೊಲೆಡ್ ಶ್ರೀರಾಮ್ ಗ್ರೂಪ್ಡ್ದ್ ಹಿಂದೂಸ್ತಾನ್ ಪಾಲಿಮರ್ಸ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಮೈಸೂರು ಎಲೆಕ್ಟ್ರೋ-ಕೆಮಿಕಲ್ ವರ್ಕ್ಸ್ (MEC ಬ್ಯಾಟರಿಲೆನ ತಯಾರಿಕೆ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆ) ಸೇರುದುಂಡು. 1981ಡ್ ವಿಠ್ಠಲ್ ಮಲ್ಯ 10 ಬ್ರೂವರೀಸ್, 14 ಡಿಸ್ಟಿಲರೀಸ್, ಏಲ್ ಸಂಸ್ಕರಿತ ಆಹಾರ ಕಂಪೆನಿಲು, ಆಜಿ ಹೂಡಿಕೆ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆಲು, ರಡ್ಡ್ ಪ್ಯಾಕೇಜಿಂಗ್ ಘಟಕಲು, ಮೂಜಿ ಔಷಧ ಕಂಪೆನಿಲು, ತಂಪು ಪಾನೀಯ ಬಾಟಲಿಂಗ್ ಘಟಕಲು, ಒಂಜಿ ಬ್ಯಾಟರಿ ಘಟಕ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪಲ ಉದ್ಯಮ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆಲೆಡ್ ನಿಯಂತ್ರಣ ಉಂಡಾದ್ ಭಾರತೊದ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಉದ್ಯಮಿಯಾದ್ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧಿ ಪಡೆಯೆರ್.
== ವಿವಾದೊಲು ==
ಕೆಲ ವ್ಯವಹಾರ ಪೈಪೋಟಿದಾರೆರ್, ಮದ್ಯ ಉದ್ಯಮದ ಅನೈತಿಕ ಕ್ರಮಲೆನ ಅರ್ ಅನುಸರಿಸಾಯೆರ್ ಪಂದ್ ಆರೋಪ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್.<ref name=":1" /> ವಿಶೇಷವಾದ್, ಮಾಲ್ಟೆಡ್ ಬಾರ್ಲಿಗ್ ಬದಲಾದ್ ಕರಂಬುದ ಪಾಕಡ್ದ್ ವಿಸ್ಕಿ ತಯಾರ್ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಮೂಲಕ ಕಡಿಮೆ ವೆಚ್ಚಡ್ ಜಾಸ್ತಿ ಲಾಭ ಪಡೆಯೆರ್ ಪಂಡ್ ಟೀಕೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಈ ವಿಧಾನೊಡನೆ ತಯಾರಾದ್ ಮದ್ಯ ಆರೋಗ್ಯಗ್ ಹಾನಿಕರ ಪಂದ್ ಅಭಿಪ್ರಾಯಲೂ ಉಂಡು. 1980ಡ್ [[ಮಹಾರಾಷ್ಟ್ರ]]ದ ಮುಖ್ಯಮಂತ್ರಿ ಎ. ಆರ್. ಅಂತುಲೆ ಮದ್ಯ ಪೂರೈಕೆ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ವಿವಾದಾತ್ಮಕ ನಿರ್ಣಯಲೆ ಜತೆ ವಿಠ್ಠಲ್ ಮಲ್ಯನ ಪುದರ್ ಸಂಬಂಧಪಟ್ಟಿತ್ತ್ ಪಂಡ್ ಮಾಧ್ಯಮಲೆ ವರದಿ ಮಲ್ತಿನರ್.{{citation needed|date=October 2021}}
== ವೈಯಕ್ತಿಕ ಜೀವನ ==
ವಿಠ್ಠಲ್ ಮಲ್ಯ ಮೂಜಿ ಮದುವೆ ಆಯೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/delhi-times/Vijay-Mallya-The-spirit-shall-prevail/articleshow/7498023.cms|title=Vijay Mallya: The spirit shall prevail|website=The Times of India|date=20 April 2002|access-date=17 March 2016}}</ref>
ಅರೆನ ಸುರುತ ಮದುವೆ ಲಲಿತಾ ರಾಮಯ್ಯ ನ ಜೊತೆ ಆಂಡ್. ಈ ದಂಪತಿಗೆ ಒಂಜಿ ಮಗೆ ವಿಜಯ್ ಮಲ್ಯ ಜನಿಸಾಯೆರ್.ಬೊಕ್ಕ, ಇತ್ತೆಲಾ ರಡ್ಡ್ ಪೊಣ್ಣು ಜೋಕುಲು ಉಂಡುಂಡಿತ್ತಿನ ವಿಚ್ಛೇದಿತೆ ಅಥಾವ ವಿಧವೆ ಒರ್ತಿನ ಜತೆ ಸಂಬಂಧ/ಮದುವೆ ಆಯೆರ್. ಈ ದಂಪತಿಲೆಗ್ ಜೋಕುಲು ಇಜ್ಜಿ. ಮೂಜನೆ ಮದುಮೆ ಮುಂಬೈದ ಸಿಂಧಿ ಮೂಲೊದ, ಕಾನೂನು ವಿದ್ಯಾಭ್ಯಾಸ ಮಲ್ತಿತ್ತಿನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ವಸ್ತ್ರ ವ್ಯಾಪಾರ ನಡೆಸೊಡುಂಡಿತ್ತಿನ ಕೈಲಾಶ್ ಅಡ್ವಾಣಿ (ಮದುಮೆದ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ರಿತು ಮಲ್ಯ) ನ ಒಟ್ಟುಗು ಆಂಡ್.<ref>{{Cite web|first=Stephen|last=David|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/supplement/story/20080414-theres-spring-in-autumn-735863-2008-04-03|title=There's spring in autumn|website=India Today|date=3 April 2008|access-date=17 March 2016}}</ref> ಇಂಚಿನ ದಂಪತಿಗ್ ಮಕ್ಕೆಲು ಇಜ್ಜಿ.
ವಿಠ್ಠಲ್ ಮಲ್ಯ ಸರಳ ಜೀವನೊದ ಅಭ್ಯಾಸ ಉಂಡುಂಡಿತ್ತಿನ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿಯಾದ್ ಇತ್ತೆರ್. ಮಿತವ್ಯಯ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಆಡಂಬರರಹಿತ ಜೀವನೊಲೆ ವಿಶ್ವಾಸ ಮಲ್ತಿನೆರ್. ಇಂಚಿನ ಮೌಲ್ಯಲೆನ ಮಗ ವಿಜಯ್ ಮಲ್ಯಗ್ ಕಲ್ಪುನ ಪ್ರಯತ್ನ ಮಲ್ತಾಯೆರ್. ಅರೆನ ಖರ್ಚುಗ್ ಕಾಸ್ ಮಿತಿಯಾದ್ ಕೊರ್ಪುನುದ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಸ್ವಂತ ಕಾರು ಪಂಡಿನ ಆಡಂಬರೊಲೆಗ್ ಅವಕಾಶ ಕೊರುಂದೆ ಈ ಮೌಲ್ಯಲೆನ ರೂಢಿಸಾಯೆರ್.
== ಉಲ್ಲೇಕೊಲು ==
{{Reflist}}
== ಬಾಹ್ಯ ಕೊಂಡಿಲು ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20101206041637/http://kingfisherworld.com/corporate/history.aspx United Breweries History]
* [http://www.theubgroup.com/profile_genesis.aspx The UB Group – Genesis]
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== Invitation: Karavali Wikimedians Stall & Community Meetup at Mangaluru Lit Fest 2026 ==
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<span style="font-size: 160%; font-weight: bold; color: #cc5500; text-shadow: 1px 1px 2px #ddd;">✨ Karavali Wikimedians @ Mangaluru Lit Fest 2026 ✨</span><br>
<span style="font-size: 120%; color: #4b0082; font-weight: bold;">Celebrating 10th Years of Tulu Wikipedia & 25th Years of Wikipedia</span></div>
Dear Wikimedians,
Warm greetings from '''Karavali Wikimedians User Group'''! 🌟
We are thrilled to invite you to the '''[[:m:Karavali Wikimedians Stall & Community Meetup at Mangaluru Lit Fest 2026|8th Edition of the Mangaluru Literature Festival (#MlrLitFest)]]'''. This year is a historic milestone as we kick-start the '''[[:m:Tulu Wikipedia 10th Anniversary|10th Anniversary of Tulu Wikipedia]]'''!
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<span style="font-size: 110%; color: #cc5500;">📅 '''When:'''</span><br>
'''10th & 11th January 2026'''
<br><br>
<span style="font-size: 110%; color: #cc5500;">📍 '''Where:'''</span><br>
'''Dr. TMA Pai International Convention Centre, Mangaluru'''
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<span style="font-size: 110%; color: #2e8b57;">🚀 '''The Wiki Stall:'''</span><br>
Visit our stall to see our work in language documentation and cultural preservation. We need your energy to help manage and showcase our projects!
</div></div>
<div style="margin-top: 20px; padding: 15px; background-color: #f3eafb; border-left: 10px solid #4b0082; border-radius: 5px;">
<span style="font-size: 130%; font-weight: bold; color: #202122;">📌 Special Community Meetup</span><br>
'''Date:''' 11th January 2026 (Day 2)<br>
'''Time:''' 11:00 AM (Followed by Lunch 🍛)<br>
'''Agenda:''' '''''Future roadmaps, upcoming projects, Community health and capacity building.'''''
</div>
<br>
* We warmly invite all community members to attend both days of the festival, and we strongly encourage you not to miss the second day’s meetup, which will be an important space for collective reflection and future planning. We look forward to your presence, participation, and support in making this celebration and gathering meaningful and successful.
'''Warm regards,'''<br/>
<span style="color: #4b0082; font-weight: bold;">President and Secretary</span><br/>Karavali Wikimedians User Group, Mangaluru</div>
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== Feminism and Folklore 2026 starts soon ==
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[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]]
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;Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2026
Dear Wiki Community,
We are pleased to invite Wikimedia communities, affiliates, and independent contributors to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026]]''' writing competition on your local Wikipedia.
The international campaign will run from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and aims to improve coverage of feminism, women’s histories, gender-related topics, and folk culture across Wikipedia projects.
;About the Campaign
'''Feminism and Folklore''' is a global writing initiative that complements the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026|Wiki Loves Folklore]]''' photography competition. While Wiki Loves Folklore focuses on visual documentation, this writing campaign addresses the '''gender gap on Wikipedia''' by improving encyclopedic content related to folk culture and marginalized voices.
;What Can Participants Write About?
Communities can contribute by creating, expanding, or translating articles related to:
* Folk festivals, rituals, and celebrations
* Folk dances, music, and traditional performances
* Women and queer figures in folklore
* Women in mythology and oral traditions
* Women warriors, witches, and witch-hunting narratives
* Fairy tales, folk stories, and legends
* Folk games, sports, and cultural practices
Participants may work from curated article lists or generate new article suggestions using campaign tools.
;How to Sign Up as an Organizer
Organizers are requested to complete the following steps to register their community:
# Create a local project page on your wiki [[:m:Feminism and Folklore/Sample|(see sample)]]
# Set up the campaign using the '''CampWiz''' tool
# Prepare a local article list and clearly mention:
#* Campaign timeline
#* Local and international prizes
# Request a site notice from local administrators [[:mr:Template:SN-FNF|(see sample)]]
# Add your local project page and CampWiz link to the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta project page]]'''
;Campaign Tools
The Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced tools to support organizers and participants:
* '''Article List Generator by Topic''' – Helps identify articles available on English Wikipedia but missing in your local language Wikipedia. The tool allows customized filters and provides downloadable article lists in CSV and wikitable formats.
* '''CampWiz''' – Enables communities to manage writing campaigns effectively, including jury-based evaluation. This will be the third year CampWiz is officially used for Feminism and Folklore.
Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ Click here to access the tools]'''
;Learn More & Get Support
For detailed information about rules, timelines, and prizes, please visit the
'''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 project page]]'''.
If you have any questions or need assistance, feel free to reach out via:
* '''[[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta talk page]]'''
* Email us using details on the contact page.
;Join Us
We look forward to your collaboration and coordination in making Feminism and Folklore 2026 a meaningful and impactful campaign for closing gender gaps and enriching folk culture content on Wikipedia.
Thank you and best wishes,
'''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 International Team]]'''
----
''Stay connected:''
[[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]
[[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]]
</div></div>
== Invitation to Host Wiki Loves Folklore 2026 in Your Country ==
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<div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div>
[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]]
Hello everyone,
We are delighted to invite Wikimedia affiliates, user groups, and community organizations worldwide to participate in '''Wiki Loves Folklore 2026''', an international initiative dedicated to documenting and celebrating folk culture across the globe.
;About Wiki Loves Folklore
'''Wiki Loves Folklore''' is an annual international photography competition hosted on Wikimedia Commons. The campaign runs from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and encourages photographers, cultural enthusiasts, and community members to contribute photographs that highlight:
* Folk traditions and rituals
* Cultural festivals and celebrations
* Traditional attire and crafts
* Performing arts, music, and dance
* Everyday practices rooted in folk heritage
Through this campaign, we aim to preserve and promote diverse folk cultures and make them freely accessible to the world.
[[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026|Project page on Wikimedia Commons]]
; Host a Local Edition
As we celebrate the '''eight edition''' of Wiki Loves Folklore, we warmly invite communities to organize a local edition in their country or region. Hosting a local campaign is a great opportunity to:
* Increase visibility of your region’s folk culture
* Engage new contributors in your community
* Enrich Wikimedia Commons with high-quality cultural content
'''[[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026/Organize|Sign up to organize]]:'''
If your team prefers to organize the competition in ''either February or March only'', please feel free to let us know.
If you are unable to organize, we encourage you to share this opportunity with other interested groups or organizations in your region.
;Get in Touch
If you have any questions, need support, or would like to explore collaboration opportunities, please feel free to contact us via:
* The project Talk pages
* Email: '''support@wikilovesfolklore.org'''
We are also happy to connect via an online meeting if your team would like to discuss planning or coordination in more detail.
Warm regards,
'''The Wiki Loves Folklore International Team'''
</div>
[[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:MediaWiki message delivery|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೧೮:೫೧, ೧೮ ಜನವರಿ ೨೦೨೬ (IST)
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Annual review of the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
<section begin="announcement-content" />
I am writing to you to let you know the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines is open now. You can make suggestions for changes through 9 February 2026. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]].
The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]].
Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate.
-- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])<section end="announcement-content" />
</div>
೦೨:೩೨, ೨೦ ಜನವರಿ ೨೦೨೬ (IST)
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== ಸ್ಪ್ರಿಂಗ್ ಮಂತ್ ಎಡಿಟ್-ಅಥಾನ್ - ೨೦೨೬ ==
ಚೀನಾದ WMGMC ಬೊಕ್ಕ ವಿಕಿಪ್ರಾಜೆಕ್ಟ್ ಚೈನಾ ಕಲ್ಚರಲ್ ಹೆರಿಟೇಜ್ ಸಹಯೋಗದೊಟ್ಟುಗು ಫೆಬ್ರವರಿ 10 ಡ್ದ್ ಮಾರ್ಚ್ 18 ಮುಟ್ಟ ಆಜಿನೇ '''[[ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ:ಸ್ಪ್ರಿಂಗ್ ಮಂತ್ ಎಡಿಟ್-ಅಥಾನ್|ಸ್ಪ್ರಿಂಗ್ ಮಂತ್ ಎಡಿಟ್-ಅಥಾನ್]]''' ಕೂಡ ನಡೆಯಲಿದ್ದುನಡಪುಂಡು. ಸಂಪ್ರದಾಯೊದ ಬರವಣಿಗೆ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಛಾಯಾಚಿತ್ರೊಲೆನ ಮೂಲಕ ದಾಖಲಿಸರೆ ಲೆಪ್ಪೊಲೆ ಕೊರ್ತೆರ್, ಈ ಎಡಿಟ್-ಅಥಾನ್ ವುಡ್ ಸ್ನೇಕ್ ವರ್ಷೊದ ಅಕೆರಿದ ಚಂದ್ರಮಾನೊ ತಿಂಗೊಳುದ ಅವಧಿಡ್ (ಫೆಬ್ರವರಿ 10–16) ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಫೈರ್ ಹಾರ್ಸ್ ವರ್ಷೊದ ಸುರುತ ಚಂದ್ರಮಾನೊ ತಿಂಗಳೊದ ಅವಧಿಡ್ (ಫೆಬ್ರವರಿ 17–ಮಾರ್ಚ್ 18) ಪನ್ಪಿನ ರಡ್ಡ್ ಹಂತೊಲೆಡ್ ನಡಾಪುಂಡು ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಕಾರ್ಯೊಲೆನ್ ಪೂರ್ಣ ಮಂದಿನಕಲೆಗ್ ವರ್ಚುವಲ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಭೌತಿಕ ಬೊಮ್ಮಾನೊಲು ಕೊರ್ಪೆರ್. --[[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:Hariprasad Shetty10|Hariprasad Shetty10]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:Hariprasad Shetty10|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೧೧:೫೨, ೪ ಪೆಬ್ರವರಿ ೨೦೨೬ (IST)
== ವಿಕಿಕಾನ್ಫರೆನ್ಸ್ ಇಂಡಿಯಾ 2026: ಸ್ಕಾಲರ್ಶಿಪ್ ಅರ್ಜಿಲೆನ್ ಪಾಡಿಯರ ಲೆತ್ತ್ತೆರ್ ==
ಮಾತೆರೆಗ್ಲಾ ನಮಸ್ಕಾರ,
ವಿಕಿಕಾನ್ಫರೆನ್ಸ್ ಇಂಡಿಯಾ 2026 ಗ್ ಸ್ಕಾಲರ್ಶಿಪ್ (ವಿದ್ಯಾರ್ಥಿವೇತನ) ಅರ್ಜಿಲೆನ್ ಇತ್ತೆ ಪಾಡೊಲಿ. ಈ ಸಮ್ಮೇಳನ ಉಂದುವೆ ಬರ್ಪಿ 2026 ನೇ ಸೆಪ್ಟೆಂಬರ್ 4-ಡ್ದ್ 6 ಮುಟ್ಟ ಭಾರತದ ಕೊಚ್ಚಿಡ್ ನಡಪರೆ ಉಂಡು.
ವಿಕಿಕಾನ್ಫರೆನ್ಸ್ ಇಂಡಿಯಾ, ಭಾರತ, ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಏಷ್ಯಾ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಬೇತೆ ಕಡೆತ ವಿಕಿಮೀಡಿಯನ್ಲೆನ್, ಸಮುದಾಯದ ಸಂಘಟಕೆರೆನ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ವಿಕ್ಕಿಟ್ ಪಾಲ್ ಪಡೆಪುನಕುಲೆನ್ ಒಟ್ಟು ಸೇರಾವುಂಡು. ಉಂದು ಒರಿಯನೊರಿ ಪರ್ಚಯ ಆಯೆರೆ, ಕಲ್ಪೆರೆ, ಅನುಬವೊಲೆನ್ ಪಟ್ಟೊಣಿಯೆರೆ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಮುಕ್ತ ಜ್ಞಾನ ಚಳುವಳಿದ ಬುಲೆಚ್ಚಿಲ್ಗ್ ಒಟ್ಟಾದ್ ಬೇಲೆ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ ಒಂಜಿ ಎಡ್ಡೆ ಅಂಚನೆ ಮಲ್ಲ ವೇದಿಕೆ.
ಈರ್ ವಿಕಿಮೀಡಿಯಾ ಯೋಜನೆಲೆಡ್ ಸಕ್ರಿಯವಾದ್ ಪಾಲ್ ಪಡೆಯೊಂದಿತ್ತರ್ಂಡ ಅತ್ತ್ಂಡ ಸಮುದಾಯದ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆಲೆಡ್ ಪಾಲ್ ದೆತೊಂತಿತ್ತರ್ಂಡ, ಈ ಸ್ಕಾಲರ್ಶಿಪ್ಗ್ ಅರ್ಜಿ ಪಾಡೊಲಿ. ನೆತ್ತ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಎಚ್ಚಿಗೆತಾ ವಿವರೊಲು ಮುಲ್ಪ ಉಂಡು. 🙂
ಅರ್ಜಿ ಪಾಡ್ಯೆರೆ ಕಡೆತ ದಿನ: [15 ಏಪ್ರಿಲ್ 2026, ರಾತ್ರೆ 11:59 ಗಂಟೆಗ್ (IST)]
ಅರ್ಜಿ ಪಾಡುನ ಕೊಂಡಿ: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdA3rR9xX_k31dzJrjM5MTDNYNUIRcAB45S4TflsYCbGJNrzg/viewform
ಎಚ್ಚ್ದ ಮಾಹಿತಿಗ್: [[metawiki:WikiConference_India_2026/Scholarship|Meta page link]]
ದಯಮಲ್ತ್ದ್ ಈ ವಿಚಾರೊನು ಇರೆನ ಸಮುದಾಯದ ಬೇತೆಕ್ಲೆಗ್ಲಾ ಪಟ್ಟೊನ್ಲೆ.
ಸೊಲ್ಮೆಲು.
ವಿಕಿಕಾನ್ಫರೆನ್ಸ್ ಇಂಡಿಯಾ 2026 ಆಯೋಜನಾ ಸಮಿತಿ
-[[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:Gnoeee|Gnoeee]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:Gnoeee|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೨೩:೪೪, ೨೯ ಮಾರ್ಚಿ ೨೦೨೬ (IST)
== [[ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ:ಟ್ವಿಂಕಲ್]] ==
'''ಟ್ವಿಂಕಲ್''' ಪಂಡ ಜಾವಾಸ್ಕ್ರಿಪ್ಟ್ನ್ ಬಳಕೆ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಒಂಜಿ ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ ಗ್ಯಾಜೆಟ್ . [[ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ:ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆರೆನ ಗುಂಪುಲು|ಸ್ವಯಂ-ದೃಢಪಡಿಸಾಯಿನ]] ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆರೆಗ್ ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯ ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ ನಿರ್ವಹಣೆದ ಕೆಲಸೊಲೆಡ್ ಸಹಾಯ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ ಬುಕ್ಕೊ ವಂಡಾಲಿಸಂ ಅತ್ತಂದೆ ಅರಚನಾತ್ಮಕ ಸಂಪಾದನೆಲೆನ್ ಎದುರಿಸೆರೆ ಸಕಾಯೊ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ ಮಸ್ತು ಹೆಚ್ಚುವರಿ ಆಯ್ಕೆಲೆನ್ ಉಂದು ಅನುಮತಿಸವುಂಡು. ಉಂದು ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆರೆಗ್ ಮೂಜಿ ಬಗೆತ ರೋಲ್ಬ್ಯಾಕ್ ಕಾರ್ಯೊಲೆನ್ ಒದಗಾವುಂಡು ಬುಕ್ಕೊ ತ್ವರಿತ ಮಜಾವುನ ಕಾರ್ಯೊಲೆನ ಪೂರ್ತಿ ಲೈಬ್ರರಿನ್ ಒಳಗೊಂಡಿತ್ತುಂಡು, ಬಳಕೆದಾರನ ಎಚ್ಚರಿಕೆಲು ಬುಕ್ಕೊ ಸ್ವಾಗತೊಲು, ನಿರ್ವಹಣೆ ಟ್ಯಾಗ್ಲು, ವಂಡಲ್ಸ್ನ ಅರೆ-ಸ್ವಯಂಚಾಲಿತ ವರದಿ, ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನವು. ಅತ್ತಂದೆ, ಉಂದು [[ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ:ನಿರ್ವಾಹಕೆರ್|ನಿರ್ವಾಹಕೆರೆಗ್]] ಅಕ್ಲೆನ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯೊಲೆನ್ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ ಸಕಾಯೊ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಜಾಸ್ತಿ ಸಾದನೊಲೆನ್ ಕೊರ್ಪುಂಡು.
ಈ ನೆಲೆಟ್ ಅವೆತ ಚಾಲನೆಗು ಸಮುದಾಯದ ಒಮ್ಮತೊ ಬೊಡು. [[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:ChiK|ChiK]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:ChiK|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೧೬:೦೮, ೨೩ ಮಾರ್ಚಿ ೨೦೨೬ (IST)
=== ಒಪ್ಪಿಗೆ ===
*[[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:Bharathesha Alasandemajalu|Bharathesha Alasandemajalu]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:Bharathesha Alasandemajalu|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೧೯:೨೧, ೨೩ ಮಾರ್ಚಿ ೨೦೨೬ (IST)
*[[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:Vishwanatha Badikana|Vishwanatha Badikana]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:Vishwanatha Badikana|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೨೦:೪೫, ೨೩ ಮಾರ್ಚಿ ೨೦೨೬ (IST)
: {{done}} [[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:ChiK|ChiK]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:ChiK|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೧೨:೩೩, ೫ ಎಪ್ರಿಲ್ ೨೦೨೬ (IST)
== Join the sixth Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia! ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
[[File:Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia 2026.png|right|250px|thumb|link=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ukraine%27s_Cultural_Diplomacy_Month_2026|Join our campaign!]]
{{int:please-translate}}
Dear Wikipedians!
[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the sixth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''1st April''' until '''30th April 2026'''.
The initiative aims to promote knowledge about Ukrainian culture abroad by creating and improving Wikipedia articles in multiple languages. This year marks the sixth edition of the campaign, which will focus on contemporary culture, making today’s artistic voices and practices more visible to international audiences.
🧩'''How to participate?'''
Choose an article from the suggested list → Write an article in your language, or improve an existing one according to the rules → Add your contribution to the contest page and calculate your points → Win prizes and receive a certificate of participation → Become a promoter of truthful knowledge about Ukraine.
🧩'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Check our main page for more information]]'''.
'''If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest.'''
If not, then we encourage you to translate the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|landing page of the contest]] and [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MessageGroupStats?group=Centralnotice-tgroup-UCDM2026banner&messages=&language=en&x=D banner] into your own language.
Also, we set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in this challenge!
[[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) 04:35, 1 April 2026 (UTC)
</div>
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== Invitation to join South Asian Community and the Annual Planning Discussions with WMF ==
"Kindly feel free to translate this text into your own language."
Dear Community member,
We would like to invite you all to the April edition of the South Asia Open Community Call that will focus on a discussion with the leadership of the Wikimedia Foundation on their [[:m:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|Annual Plan (2026-2027)]].
The [[:m:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan|Foundation’s Annual Plan]] is a high-level roadmap for what the organisation aims to achieve in the coming year. It includes not only the foundation’s Goals, Progress, and plan but also a summary of Global Trends that impact the present and future of our movement.
This is the right time for the South Asia community to participate and share their thoughts on the Wikimedia Foundation’s annual plan, helping shape it together. Share your hopes, concerns, bold ideas, and specific requests to contribute to the Foundation’s planning.
Hence, the next [[:m:South Asia Open Community Call|South Asia Open Community Call]] will be hosted on the following dates/times. Please mark the same in your calendar and sign up [[:m:Event:South Asia Open Community Call, April 2026|here]].
* Platform: Google Meet
* Date: 17th April, 2026
* Time: 1930-2045 IST (1400-1515 UTC)
* Registration Link: [[:m:Event:South Asia Open Community Call, April 2026|here]]
Note: Only those who have registered will receive the joining link.
Look forward to seeing you on the call,
Best, [[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:MediaWiki message delivery|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೦೦:೧೧, ೬ ಎಪ್ರಿಲ್ ೨೦೨೬ (IST)
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== ಮುಕ್ಯೊ ಪುಟೊಟು ಸೇರಾಯರೆ ==
ಮುಕ್ಯೊ ಪುಟೊಟ್ ಸುದ್ದಿಲೆನ ಇಬಾಗೊ ಸೇರ್ಪದೆ ಮಲ್ತ್ದ್ ಕೆಲವೊಂಜಿ ಬದಲಾವನೆದ ಸ್ವರೂಪೊಲೆನು ಪಟ್ಟೊಂದುಲ್ಲೆ. ಇಂದೆಕ್ ನಿಕ್ಲೆನ ಅಬಿಪ್ರಾಯೊ ತೆರಿಪಲೆ. [[ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ:ಮುಖ್ಯ ಪುಟ/ಕಲ್ಪುನಕಳ]]. [[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:ChiK|ChiK]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:ChiK|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೧೭:೩೬, ೧೪ ಎಪ್ರಿಲ್ ೨೦೨೬ (IST)
* ಬೇತೆ ವಿಕಿ ಪುಟತಂಚನೆ ತುಳುತ ಮುಕ್ಯೊಪುಟೊಲಾ ಎಡ್ಡೆ ತೋಜೊಡುಂದು ಈ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಬೇಲೆಗ್ ಎನ್ನ {{support}} ಉಂಡು. --[[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:Vishwanatha Badikana|Vishwanatha Badikana]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:Vishwanatha Badikana|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೧೦:೫೧, ೧೭ ಎಪ್ರಿಲ್ ೨೦೨೬ (IST)
*ಎನ್ನ ಒಪ್ಪಿಗೆ ಉಂಡು- [[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:Bharathesha Alasandemajalu|Bharathesha Alasandemajalu]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:Bharathesha Alasandemajalu|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೦೮:೦೨, ೨೧ ಎಪ್ರಿಲ್ ೨೦೨೬ (IST)
: {{done}}. [[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:ChiK|ChiK]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:ChiK|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೦೯:೩೭, ೨೧ ಎಪ್ರಿಲ್ ೨೦೨೬ (IST)
== Meeting Invitation: Karavali Wikimedians User Group (KWUG) ==
'''Namaskara!'''
You are cordially invited to the upcoming online meeting of the Karavali Wikimedians User Group. We will be discussing key projects, including the 10th-anniversary celebrations for Tulu Wikipedia and our cultural heritage campaigns.
'''Meeting Details:''' <br/>
📅 Date: Thursday, 23 April 2026 <br/>
⏰ Time: 07:30 PM (IST) <br/>
📍 Venue: Google Meet (Online) <br/>
🔗 Meeting Link: https://meet.google.com/xgs-fodf-ouy
'''Agenda:''' <br/>
Wiki Loves Tuluvas: Living and Cultural Heritage campaign. <br/>
Tulu Wikipedia 10th Anniversary: Planning the milestone celebration. <br/>
In-person Meeting: Scheduling our next physical gathering. <br/>
GLAM Activity: Updates on gallery and library collaborations. <br/>
Open Discussion: Other community matters.
Your participation and ideas are vital to the growth of our community. See you there...
'''More:''' <br/>
https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Karavali_Wikimedians/Meetups/Online_Meetup_23_April_2026
'''On behalf''', <br/>
Karavali Wikimedians
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== ತುಳುಟು ಅಂಕೆನ್ ಗಳಸುನ ಬಗೆಟ್ ==
ತುಳು ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯಾಡ್ '''ಕನ್ನಡ ಅಂಕೆ''' ೦೧೨೩೪೫೬೭೮೯ ಅತ್ತಂಡ '''ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಸ್ ಅಂಕೆ''' 0123456789 ಇಂಚ ಗಳಸೊಂದುಲ್ಲೊ. ಈ ಬಗೆಟ್ ಸಮುದಾಯೊದಕ್ಲೆನ ಅಬಿಪ್ರಾಯೊ ಬೋಡು. ಮಸ್ತ್ ಲೇಕನೊಲೆಡ್ ಈ ರಡ್ಡೆನ್ಲಾ ಗಳಸೊಂದುಲ್ಲೊ. ತಾಂತ್ರಿಕವಾದ್ ಸಮಸ್ಯೆ ಉಂಡಾಂಡ ನಿರ್ವಾಹಕೆರ್ ಪನೊಡು.--[[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:Vishwanatha Badikana|Vishwanatha Badikana]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:Vishwanatha Badikana|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೧೭:೫೪, ೨೩ ಎಪ್ರಿಲ್ ೨೦೨೬ (IST)
== Request for comment (global AI policy) ==
<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}}
A [[:m:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|request for comment]] is currently being held to decide on a global AI policy. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
[[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:MediaWiki message delivery|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೦೬:೨೮, ೨೬ ಎಪ್ರಿಲ್ ೨೦೨೬ (IST)
</bdi>
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== Call for Applications: TTT 2026 (Deadline Extended to 20 May) ==
''<small>Apologies for writing in English. Please feel free to translate this into your language.</small>''
Hello everyone,
We hope you are doing well.
We would like to share that applications for the [[:m:IIITH-OKI/Train the Trainer Program/2026|Train the Trainer (TTT) 2026]] program are currently open. TTT is a capacity-building initiative aimed at supporting Wikimedians in developing training, facilitation, and leadership skills.
We are happy to inform you that the scholarship application deadline has been [[:m:IIITH-OKI/Train the Trainer Program/2026/Scholarship|extended until 20 May 2026]]. We are still receiving applications and encourage interested community members, especially emerging leaders, to [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/17eq6lJNCTVBoKRqz5IdSCiYWv-eHBrYRnx1wXfncwLI/viewform?edit_requested=true&pli=1 apply].
We also request your support in sharing this opportunity within your communities and networks, so that it can reach a wider and more diverse group of participants.
Thank you for your continued support. '''OKI (IIIT-H)''' [[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:MediaWiki message delivery|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೧೮:೩೨, ೧೭ ಮೇ ೨೦೨೬ (IST)
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Vote now in the 2026 U4C election</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
<section begin="announcement-content" />
Eligible voters are asked to participate in the 2026 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] election. More information–including an eligibility check, voting process information, candidate information, and a link to the vote–are available on Meta at the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|2026 Election information page]]. The vote closes on 2 June 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1780358400 00:00 UTC].
Please vote if your account is eligible. Results will be available by 14 June 2026. -- In cooperation with the U4C,<section end="announcement-content" />
</div>
[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) ೨೨:೪೫, ೨೭ ಮೇ ೨೦೨೬ (IST)
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== ತುಳು ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ ೧೦ನೇ ವರ್ಸಂತಿಗೆದ ಬರೆವು ಪಂತೊಗು ಲೆಪ್ಪೋಲೆ! ==
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'''ನಮಸ್ಕಾರ!''' 🙏
ನಮ್ಮ ತುಳು ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ ಸುರು ಆದ್ ಇತ್ತೆ ಪತ್ತ್ ವರ್ಷದ ಸಂಭ್ರಮೋಡುಂಡು. ಈ ಎಡ್ಡೆ ಲೇಸ್ದ ನೆನಪುಗಾದ್, ನಮ್ಮ ತುಳು ಬಾಸೆ ಬುಕ್ಕೊ ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತಿನ್ ಇಂಟರ್ನೆಟ್ಡ್ ಜಗತ್ತ್ಗೇ ತೆರಿಪಾಯೆರೆ ಒಂಜಿ ಪೊರ್ಲುದ '''ಲೇಖನ ಬರೆಪುನ ಪಂತೊನು''' ದೀಡುಂಡು.
ನಮ್ಮ ತುಳುನಾಡ್ದ ಇತಿಹಾಸ, ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತಿ, ಆಚಾರ-ವಿಚಾರದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಜ್ಞಾನ ಉಪ್ಪುನ ಮಾತೆರೆಗ್ಲಾ ಮುಲ್ಪ ಮುಕ್ತ ಆಯಿನ ಅವಕಾಶ ಉಂಡು!
=== 📅 ಪಂತೊದ ದಿನೊಕ್ಕುಲು ===
* '''ಸುರು ಆಪುನ ದಿನ:''' ಜೂನ್ ೫, ೨೦೨೬ (00:00 UTC)
* '''ಮುಗಿಯುನಾ ದಿನ:''' ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ ೪, ೨೦೨೬ (11:59 UTC)
=== 📝 ಪಂತೊದ ನಿಯಮೊಲು ===
# '''ವಿಷಯ:''' ನಮ್ಮ ಸ್ಥಳೀಯ ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ತುಳುನಾಡ್ದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಇಪ್ಪೊಡು.
# '''ಗಾತ್ರ:''' ಪೊಸ ಲೇಖನ ಅತ್ತಂಡ ಎಕ್ಸ್ಪ್ಯಾಂಡ್ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಲೇಖನ ಕಮ್ಮಿ ಪಂಡಲಾ '''೩೦೦ ಪದೊಕುಲು''' (ಅತ್ತಂಡ ೩,೦೦೦ ಬೈಟ್ಸ್) ಇಪ್ಪೊಡು.
# '''ಗುಣಮಟ್ಟ:''' ಸ್ವಂತ ಬರೆತಿನ ಇಪ್ಪೊಡು (Copy-paste ಬುಕ್ಕೊ ಮೆಷಿನ್ ಟ್ರಾನ್ಸ್ಲೇಟ್ ಮಲ್ದಿನ ಲೇಖನೊಲು ಬಲ್ಲಿ). ಸರಿಯಾಯಿನ ಆಧಾರ/ಲಿಂಕ್ ದೀಡೊಡು.
=== 🏆 ಬೊಮ್ಮನೊಲು ===
* ವಿಶೇಷ ಬಹುಮಾನೊಲು ಬುಕ್ಕೊ ಸರ್ಟಿಫಿಕೇಟ್ಲು ಉಂಡು! (ವಿವರೊಲು ಬೇಗನೇ ಪ್ರಕಟ ಆಪುಂಡು).
----
📢 '''ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನ ಮಾಹಿತಿ ಬುಕ್ಕೊ ಪಾಲ್ ಪಡೆಯರೆ ಈ ಪುಟೊಗು ಬಲೆ:''' [[tcy:ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ:10ನೇ ವರ್ಸಂತಿಗೆದ ಬರವು ಪಂತೊ|ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ:10ನೇ ವರ್ಸಂತಿಗೆದ ಬರವು ಪಂತೊ]]
ನಿಕ್ಲೆನ ಅಕ್ಷರೊಲು ನಮ್ಮ ತುಳು ಬಾಸೆಗ್ ಬಲ ಕೊರಡ್. ಬಲೆ, ಮಾತೆರ್ಲಾ ಒಟ್ಟಿಗೆ ಸೇರ್ದ್ ತುಳು ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯನ್ ಬಂಗಾರ ಮಲ್ಪುಗ!
|}
[[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:MediaWiki message delivery|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೧೯:೪೮, ೪ ಜೂನ್ ೨೦೨೬ (IST)
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== RFC about AI-generated content in Wikimedia Commons ==
<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English, please help translate this message to your language. You are invited to participate in a [[c:Commons:Requests for comment/Policy update for AI content|request for comment on Wikimedia Commons about a policy update for AI content]]. This may affect files that are uploaded to Wikimedia Commons for use on this project. Thank you. [[m:User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] ([[m:User talk:Codename Noreste|ಪಾತೆರ]])</bdi> ೨೨:೪೧, ೨೩ ಜೂನ್ ೨೦೨೬ (IST)
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Deployment of Legal and Safety Contacts Link in the Footer of Your Wiki</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
<section begin="Message"/>
'''Legal & Safety Contacts'''
Hello community, the Wikimedia Foundation has provided a [[wmf:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Wikimedia Foundation Legal and Safety Contact Information|single legal and safety contact page]], to be linked in the footer of your wiki, to ensure access to accurate legal information. This is a regulatory requirement. We have already rolled out links to English, German, Italian, Spanish and other wikis and we will deploy to your wiki soon. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_and_Safety_Contacts_FAQ|Please read more on the project page]] and leave any comments in this thread or on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Legal and Safety Contacts FAQ|talk page]].
<section end="Message"/>
</div>
-- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) ೧೯:೦೦, ೨೫ ಜೂನ್ ೨೦೨೬ (IST)
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'''ಮೋಕೆದ ಸಮುದಾಯದ ಸದಸ್ಯೆರೆಗ್ ನಮಸ್ಕಾರ,'''
ವಿಕಿಕಾನ್ಫರೆನ್ಸ್ ಇಂಡಿಯಾ ೨೦೨೬ ಗ್ ಸ್ವಯಂ-ನಿಧಿಟ್ ನೋಂದಣಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ನಿಕ್ಲೆನ ಪ್ರಸ್ತಾವೊಲೆನ ಸಂದೈತಗ್ ಲೆಪ್ಪು ಕೊರೊಂದುಲ್ಲ ಪನ್ಪುನ ಇಸಯ ನಿಕ್ಲೆಗ್ ತೆರಿಪಾಯೆರೆ ಎಂಕ್ಲೆಗ್ ಕುಸಿ ಆವೊಂದುಂಡು.
'''ವಿಕಿಕಾನ್ಫರೆನ್ಸ್ ಇಂಡಿಯಾ ೨೦೨೬ ಕ್ಕ್ ಕೇರಳದ ಕೊಚ್ಚಿಡ್ ಸೆಪ್ಟೆಂಬರ್ ೪-೬, ೨೦೨೬''' ಮುಟ್ಟ ನಡಪುಂಡು. ಈ ಸಮ್ಮೇಳನ ಭಾರತ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಏಷ್ಯಾದ ವಿಕಿಮೀಡಿಯನ್ನೆರ್, ಸಮುದಾಯದ ಮುಖಂಡೆರ್, ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿಕಾರೆರ್, ಸಂಶೋಧಕೆರ್, ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಮುಕ್ತ ಗೇನೊಗು ಉಮೇದು ಕೊರ್ಪುನ ಉತ್ಸಾಹಿಲೆನ್ ಒಟ್ಟು ಸೇರಾವುಂಡು. ಅಂಚೆನೆ ಒರಿಯಕ್ಕೊರಿಯನ್ ಗೊತ್ತು ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ, ಸಕಾಯ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಅನುಭವೊಲೆನ್ ಪಟ್ಟೊನೆರೆ ಪಾಲ್ ಪಡೆಯೊನೊಡು ಪನ್ಪುನ ಉದ್ದೇಸ.
WCI 2026 ದ ವಿಷಯ ಪಂಡ '''"ನಾಲೆಡ್ಜ್ ಕಾಮನ್ಸ್ನ ಪುನರ್ಕಲ್ಪನೆ ಮಲ್ಪುನವು: ವಿಕಿಮೀಡಿಯಾ ಒಂಜಿ ವಿಕಸನ ಆಪಿನ ಪರಿಸರ ವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆಡ್ ಸಮುದಾಯದ ನಾಯಕತ್ವ."''' ವಿಕಿಮೀಡಿಯಾ ಚಳುವಳಿ ಬಾರಿ ರೋಚಕ ರೀತಿಡ್ ತಾಂತ್ರಿಕ ಬದಲಾವನೆ ಆವೊಂದುಪ್ಪುನೆನ್ ನಾಡೊಡಾಪುಂಡು, ಆಯಿತೊಟ್ಟು ಎಐ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪೊಸ ಮಾದರಿಲೆಡ್ ಗೇನ ಪುಟ್ಟುನ ಬಗೆಟ್, ಸಮ್ಮೇಳನ ಸಮುದಾಯ ನಾಯಕತ್ವ, ಗೇನ ಪಟ್ಟೊನುನ ಬಗೆ, ಪ್ರಾದೇಶಿಕ ಭಾಷೆಲು, ಮುಕ್ತ ಜ್ಞಾನ, ಅಂಚೆನೆ ಭಾರತ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಏಷ್ಯಾಡ್ ವಿಕಿಮೀಡಿಯಾದ ಭವಿಷ್ಯದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಸಂಭಾಷಣೆಲೆಗ್ ಜಾಗ ಸೃಷ್ಟಿ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಗುರಿನ್ ದೀತ್ಂಡ್.
'''ಸ್ವಯಂ-ನಿಧಿ ನೋಂದಣಿ'''
'''ಸ್ವಯಂ-ನಿಧಿಟ್ ನೋಂದಣಿ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ ಅರ್ಜಿ ಇತ್ತೆ ಪ್ರೆಟಿಕ್ಸ್(Pretix) ಡ್ ಲೈವ್ ಆತ್ಂಡ್.'''
'''ನೋಂದಣಿ ಅರ್ಜಿ:''' [https://pretix.eu/wikimedia-events/WCI2026/<nowiki>]</nowiki>
'''ವಿವರೊಲು ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಅರ್ಹತೆ:''' [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConference_India_2026/Registration<nowiki>]</nowiki>
'''ನಿಕ್ಲೆಲೆನ ಪ್ರಸ್ತಾವೊಲೆನ ಸಂದೈತಗ್ ಲೆಪ್ಪೊಲೆ'''
'''ಪ್ರಸ್ತಾವೊಲೆನ ಸಂದೈತಗ್ ಲೆಪ್ಪು ಇತ್ತೆ ಲೇಸ್ದ ಪುಟೊಟು ಲೈವ್ ಆತ್ಂಡ್.'''
ಕಾರ್ಯಾಗಾರೊಲು, ಚರ್ಚೆಲು, ಪ್ಯಾನೆಲ್, ಒರಿಯಕ್ಕೊರಿ ವಿಷಯ ಬದಲಾವಣೆ, ಎಲ್ಯ ಮಟ್ಟ್ದ ಪಾತೆರಕತೆ, ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪೋಸ್ಟರ್ ಪ್ರಸ್ತುತಿಲೆಗ್, ನಿಕ್ಲೆನ ಪ್ರಸ್ತಾವೊಲೆನೆಗ್ ಅವಕಾಸ ಉಂಡು. ಈರ್ ಒರಿ ಅನುಭವಿ ಸಂಪಾದಕೆರ್ ಅತ್ತ್ಂಡ ಒರಿ ಪೊಸ ಸಮುದಾಯದ ಸದಸ್ಯೆರ್ ಆಂಡಲಾ, ನಿಕ್ಲೆನ ಆಲೋಚನೆಲು, ಅನುಭವೊಲೆನ್, ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಇರೆನ ಕಲ್ಪಾಟಿಲು ಸಮ್ಮೇಳನದ ಕಾರ್ಯಕ್ರಮೊನು ರೂಪಿಸಾಯೆರೆ ಸಕಾಯ ಆಪುಂಡು ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಚಳುವಳಿಡ್ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಸಂಭಾಷಣೆಲೆಗ್ ಕೊಡುಗೆ ಕೊರ್ಪುಂಡು.
'''ವಿವರೊಲು ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಮಾರ್ಗಸೂಚಿಲು:''' [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConference_India_2026/Programme/Submissions<nowiki>]</nowiki>
'''ಪ್ರಸ್ತಾವೊಲೆನ ಸಂದೈತಗ್ ಗಡುವು:''' [ಜುಲೈ ೮, ೨೦೨೬]
ವಿಕಿಕಾನ್ಫರೆನ್ಸ್ ಇಂಡಿಯಾ ೨೦೨೬ ದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣ ಮಾಹಿತಿಗ್, ಪಾಲ್ ದೆತೊನುನೆತ್ತ ವಿವರೊಲು, ಸಮಯಾವಕಾಶ, ಸಮ್ಮೇಳನದ ಪೊಸ ಮಾಹಿತಿಲು, ಬೊಕ್ಕ ವಿಷಯ ಸಲ್ಲಿಕೆ ಮಾರ್ಗಸೂಚಿಲು ಸೇರ್ದ್, ದಯಮಲ್ತ್ ಅಧಿಕೃತ ಪ್ರಕಟನೆನ್ ತೂಲೆ:
'''ವಿವರವಾದ್ ಪ್ರಕಟನೆ:''' [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/06/26/shape-the-future-call-for-submissions-open-for-wikiconference-india-2026/<nowiki>]</nowiki>
ಸಮುದಾಯದ ಸದಸ್ಯೆರೆನ್ ನೋಂದಾಯಿಸೆರೆ, ಪ್ರಸ್ತಾವೊಲೆನ್ ಸಂದೈತಗ್ ಲೆಪ್ಪು ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಈ ಪ್ರಕಟಣೆನ್ ಅಕ್ಲೆನ ನೆಟ್ವರ್ಕ್ಡ್ ಪಾಡೆರೆ ಮಾತೆರೆಗ್ಲಾ ಉಮೇದು ಕೊರ್ಲೆ.
ಎಡ್ಡೆಪ್ಪುಲು,
ವಿಕಿಕಾನ್ಫರೆನ್ಸ್ ಇಂಡಿಯಾ 2026 ಆಯೋಜನಾ ತಂಡ.
ಟೆಲಿಗ್ರಾಮ್
'''ದಯಮಲ್ತ್ ಈ ಪ್ರಕಟಣೆನ್ ನಿಕ್ಲೆನ ಸಮುದಾಯದ ಸದಸ್ಯೆರೆಗ್ ತೆರಿಪಾಲೆ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಜಾಲತಾಣೊಲೆಗ್ ಪಾಡುಲೆ.'''
[1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConference_India_2026
[2] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConference_India_2026/Registration
[3] https://pretix.eu/wikimedia-events/WCI2026/
[4] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConference_India_2026/Programme/Submissions
[5] https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/06/26/shape-the-future-call-for-submissions-open-for-wikiconference-india-2026/ [[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ:Amrit Sufi|Amrit Sufi]] ([[ಬಳಕೆದಾರೆ ಪಾತೆರ:Amrit Sufi|ಪಾತೆರ್ಲೆ]]) ೧೬:೦೪, ೩೦ ಜೂನ್ ೨೦೨೬ (IST)
iyvzw70l098t9q0jzzcb7t1k3823e6y
ಬಾವಗುತ್ತು ರಘುರಾಮ ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ
0
27467
363641
362594
2026-07-31T02:21:07Z
Mahaveer Indra
1023
Mahaveer Indra, ಪುಟೊ [[ಬಾವಗುತು ರಘುರಾಮ್ ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ]] ನ್ [[ಬಾವಗುತ್ತು ರಘುರಾಮ ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ]] ಗ್ ಕಡಪುಡಿಯೆರ್: ಸರಿಯಾದ ಹೆಸರು.
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wikitext
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{{Short description|ಭಾರತದ ಉದ್ಯಮಿ}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2020}}
{{Infobox person
| image = Dr BR Shetty Official Pic.jpg
| caption = ಡಾ. ಬಿ. ಆರ್. ಶೆಟ್ಟಿಯ ಅಧಿಕೃತ ಚಿತ್ರ (2016), ಎನ್ಎಂಸಿ ಆವರಣದೊಳ್ ತೆಗೆಯಿನದು
| birth_name = ಬಾವಗುತ್ತು ರಘುರಾಮ ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1942|08|01|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[ಉಡುಪಿ]], ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ಪ್ರೆಸಿಡೆನ್ಸಿ, ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷ್ ಭಾರತ (ಇಂದಿನ [[ಕರ್ನಾಟಕ]], [[ಭಾರತ]])
| honours = • ಪ್ರವಾಸಿ ಭಾರತೀಯ ಸಮ್ಮಾನ್ (2007)<br />• [[ಪದ್ಮಶ್ರೀ]] (2009)
}}
'''ಬಾವಗುತು ರಘುರಾಮ್ ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ''' (ಪುಟ್ಟು ೧ ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ ೧೯೪೨) ಒರಿ [[ಭಾರತ]]-ಪುಟ್ಟುನ ಉದ್ಯಮಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಮಾಜಿ ಕೋಟಿಪತಿ, ಯುನೈಟೆಡ್ ಅರಬ್ ಎಮಿರೇಟ್ಸ್ ಡ್ ಮೂಲಸ್ಥಾನೊಡುಪ್ಪುನ ಎನ್ಎಂಸಿ ಆರೋಗ್ಯ ಸೇರ್ದ್ ಒಂಜಿ ಸಂಖ್ಯೆದ ಕಂಪೆನಿಲೆನ ಸ್ಥಾಪಕೆರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಸ್ವಾಧೀನಕೆರ್.,<ref name=national/><ref name="Indian Rich List in full - ArabianBusiness.com"/> ನಿಯೋಫಾರ್ಮಾ, ಬಿಆರ್ಎಸ್ ವೆಂಚರ್ಸ್, ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಫಿನಾಬ್ಲರ್.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://businessworld.in/article/-I-Want-To-Be-The-No-1-Healthcare-Provider-In-India-Over-The-Next-10-Years-/23-03-2018-144373/| title=I Want To Be The No. 1 Healthcare Provider in India Over The Next 10 Years| author=Paramita Chatterjee, Suman K Jha| date=23 March 2018| publisher=BusinessWorld| access-date=8 May 2018| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180509012947/http://businessworld.in/article/-I-Want-To-Be-The-No-1-Healthcare-Provider-In-India-Over-The-Next-10-Years-/23-03-2018-144373/| archive-date=9 May 2018|url-status = live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.forbesmiddleeast.com/en/billionaire-b-r-shetty-launches-new-financial-firms-holding-company-finablr/| title=Billionaire B.R. Shetty Launches New Financial Firms Holding Company Finablr| author=Mary Sophia| date=24 April 2018| work=Forbes Middle East| access-date=24 August 2018| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180825073919/https://www.forbesmiddleeast.com/en/billionaire-b-r-shetty-launches-new-financial-firms-holding-company-finablr/| archive-date=25 August 2018|url-status = live}}</ref>
೧೯೭೫ಡ್ ಶೆಟ್ರೆನ ಆಸಕ್ತಿ ಆಸ್ಪತ್ರೆಲೆಡ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಆತಿಥ್ಯೊಡು ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಅಪಗ ಆರ್ ಔಷಧೀಯ, ಹಣಕಾಸು ಸೇವೆಲು, ಚಿಲ್ಲರೆ, ಜಾಹೀರಾತು ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಮಾಹಿತಿ ತಂತ್ರಜ್ಞಾನೊಡು ವೈವಿಧ್ಯಮಯ ಆಯೆರ್.<ref name="Indian Rich List in full - ArabianBusiness.com">{{cite web | url=http://www.arabianbusiness.com/indian-rich-list-in-full-342165.html#.V3JIbLh9600 | title=Indian Rich List in full - ArabianBusiness.com | date=15 August 2010 | publisher=ArabianBusiness | access-date=28 June 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160424235811/http://www.arabianbusiness.com/indian-rich-list-in-full-342165.html#.V3JIbLh9600 | archive-date=24 April 2016 |url-status = live}}</ref>ಆರ್ 2015ಡ್ ''ಫೋರ್ಬ್ಸ್'' ಭಾರತದ 100 ಶ್ರೀಮಂತೆರೆನ ಪಟ್ಟಿಡ್ ಸೇರ್ದೆರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ 2019ಡ್ 42ನೇ ಶ್ರೀಮಂತೆರ್ ಪಂಡ್ದ್ ಪಟ್ಟಿ ಆಯೆರ್.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/br-shetty/| title=#47 B.R. Shetty| work=Forbes| access-date=14 April 2017| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161228013207/http://www.forbes.com/profile/br-shetty/| archive-date=28 December 2016|url-status = live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/br-shetty/#6862cc8b6cc7| title=#42 B.R. Shetty| work=Forbes| access-date=20 February 2020| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190514112322/https://www.forbes.com/profile/br-shetty/#6862cc8b6cc7| archive-date=14 May 2019| url-status=live}}</ref>
2020ಡ್, ತನಿಖೆ ನಡತೊಂದು ಇತ್ತಿನಗ ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ ತನ್ನ ಮಂಡಳಿದ ಸ್ಥಾನೊಡ್ದ್ ರಾಜೀನಾಮೆ ಕೊರ್ತೆರ್.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/how-indian-billionaire-bavaguthu-raghuram-shetty-who-owned-2-floors-of-burj-khalifa-went-bust-2182896 |title=How Indian billionaire Bavaguthu Raghuram Shetty went bust |access-date=9 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200222042050/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/how-indian-billionaire-bavaguthu-raghuram-shetty-who-owned-2-floors-of-burj-khalifa-went-bust-2182896 |archive-date=22 February 2020 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.arabianbusiness.com/healthcare/440371-billionaire-br-shetty-resigns-from-abu-dhabis-nmc-health |title=Billionaire BR Shetty resigns from Abu Dhabi's NMC Health |date=17 February 2020 |access-date=9 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200218191350/https://www.arabianbusiness.com/healthcare/440371-billionaire-br-shetty-resigns-from-abu-dhabis-nmc-health |archive-date=18 February 2020 |url-status=live }}</ref> ಏಪ್ರಿಲ್ ೮, ೨೦೨೦ಡ್, ಎನ್ಎಂಸಿ ಆರೋಗ್ಯ ಕಾರ್ಪೊರೇಟ್ ಆಡಳಿತದ ಕಳವಳೊಲು ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಫ್ರೀಫಾಲ್ ಡ್ ಷೇರುದ ಬೆಲೆಡ್ದ್ [[ಯುನೈಟೆಡ್ ಕಿಂಗ್ಡಮ್]] ಡ್ ಅಡ್ಮಿನಿಸ್ಟ್ರೇಷನ್_ಇನ್_ಯುನೈಟೆಡ್_ಕಿಂಗ್ಡಮ್_ಕಾನೂನು/ಆಡಳಿತ ಗ್ ಪೋಯೆರ್.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/nmc-insolvency-proceedings-inevitable-hospital-143125949.html |title=NMC into Administration |access-date=9 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200411094227/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/nmc-insolvency-proceedings-inevitable-hospital-143125949.html |archive-date=11 April 2020 |url-status=live }}</ref> ಷೇರುಲೆನ ಬೆಲೆಡ್ ತೀವ್ರವಾದ್ ಕುಸಿತ ಆಯಿನೆಡ್ದಾವರ, ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಸಾಲೊಲೆನ್ ಪಾಡುನ ವಾಗ್ದಾನ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಷೇರುಲೆಡ್ದ್, ಅರೆನ ನಿವ್ವಳ ಆಸ್ತಿ ದುಂಬುದ ಅಂದಾಜಿಡ್ $3.5 ಬಿಲಿಯನ್ ದ ಒಂಜಿ ಭಾಗೊಗು ಬೂರುಂಡು ಪನ್ಪಿನ ನಂಬಿಕೆ ಉಂಡು.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://gulfbusiness.com/uae-based-br-shettys-fortune-drops-1-5bn-since-muddy-waters-attack/| title=BR Shetty's fortune drops by $1.5 Billion| date=26 January 2020| access-date=9 April 2020| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200406135913/https://gulfbusiness.com/uae-based-br-shettys-fortune-drops-1-5bn-since-muddy-waters-attack/| archive-date=6 April 2020| url-status=live}}</ref> ಅಂಚಾದ್, ''ಫೋರ್ಬ್ಸ್'' ಶೆಟ್ಟಿನ್ 2020 ವಾರ್ಷಿಕ ಕೋಟಿಪತಿಲೆನ ಪಟ್ಟಿಡ್ದ್ ದೆತ್ತ್ ಪಾಡ್ಂಡ್.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Former Indian Billionaire's Gulf Dream Turns Sour|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/meghabahree/2020/05/12/former-indian-billionaires-gulf-dream-turns-sour/|last=Bahree|first=Megha|website=Forbes|language=en|access-date=2020-05-17}}</ref>
ಏಪ್ರಿಲ್ ೧೫, ೨೦೨೦ಡ್, ಅಬುಧಾಬಿ ವಾಣಿಜ್ಯ ಬ್ಯಾಂಕ್ ಯುಎಇದ ಅಟಾರ್ನಿ ಜನರಲ್ ಕಚೇರಿಡ್ ಎನ್ಎಂಸಿ ಆರೋಗ್ಯದ ವಿರುದ್ಧ ಕ್ರಿಮಿನಲ್ ದೂರು ದಾಖಲಾತ್ಂಡ್.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-nmc-health-adcb-crime-idUSKCN21X1BY|title=ADCB files criminal complaint against individuals over NMC Health|date=2020-04-15|work=Reuters|access-date=2020-04-16|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200415222053/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-nmc-health-adcb-crime-idUSKCN21X1BY|archive-date=15 April 2020|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.khaleejtimes.com/business/corporate/nmcs-br-shetty-5-others-face-fraud-forgery-charges|title=NMC's BR Shetty, 5 others face fraud, forgery charges|last=John|first=Issac|website=Khaleej Times|language=en|access-date=2020-04-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200416183458/https://www.khaleejtimes.com/business/corporate/nmcs-br-shetty-5-others-face-fraud-forgery-charges|archive-date=16 April 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> ಭಾರತೀಯ ಬ್ಯಾಂಕುಲೆಗ್ ಉಪ್ಪುನ ಸಂಭಾವ್ಯ ಅಪಾಯೊಲೆನ್ ಗುರುತಿಸರೆ ಭಾರತೀಯ ಏಜೆನ್ಸಿಲು ಒಂಜಿ ತನಿಖೆನ್ ಸುರು ಮಲ್ತೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://newsd.in/after-cases-in-uae-b-r-shetty-on-radar-of-indian-probe-agencies/|title=After cases in UAE, BR Shetty on radar of Indian probe agencies|date=2020-04-16|website=News and Analysis from India. A Refreshing approach to news.|language=en-US|access-date=2020-04-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200424114137/https://newsd.in/after-cases-in-uae-b-r-shetty-on-radar-of-indian-probe-agencies/|archive-date=24 April 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> ೨೭ ಏಪ್ರಿಲ್ ೨೦೨೦ಡ್, ಯುಎಇದ ಸೆಂಟ್ರಲ್ ಬ್ಯಾಂಕ್ ಅರೆನ ಖಾತೆಲೆನ್ ಫ್ರೀಜ್ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಅರೆನ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆಲೆನ್ ಕಪ್ಪು ಪಟ್ಟಿ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ ಆದೇಶ ಕೊರ್ತುಂಡು.
==ಆದಿ ಜೀವನ==
ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ ಕುಟುಮೊದ ಪಿರಾಕ್ದ ಇಲ್ಲಡ್, ಬಾವಗುತ್ತು ಹೌಸ್ [[ಉಡುಪಿ]]ಡ್ ೧ ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ ೧೯೪೨ಡ್ ತುಳುಭಾಷೆ/ತುಳು ಪಾತೆರುನ, ಬಂಟ್ (ಸಮುದಾಯ)/ಬಂಟ್ ಕುಟುಮೊಡು ಶಂಭು ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಆರೆನ ಬೊಡೆದಿ ಕೂಸಮ್ಮ ಶೆಟ್ರೆನ ಮಗೆ ಆದ್ ಪುಟ್ಟುವೆರ್.<ref name = "Mangalorean Tuluva">{{cite web |url=http://www.mangaloretoday.com/gulfnews/Mangalorean-Tuluva-B-R-Shetty-buys-Travelex-for-1-billion.html |title=Mangalorean Tuluva B R Shetty Buy's Travelex for 1 billion |date=14 June 2015 |access-date=12 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170802204342/http://www.mangaloretoday.com/gulfnews/Mangalorean-Tuluva-B-R-Shetty-buys-Travelex-for-1-billion.html |archive-date=2 August 2017 |url-status = live}}</ref> ಇರೆನ ಅಪ್ಪೆ ಬಾಸೆ ತುಳು ಆದುಪ್ಪುನೆರ್ದಾತ್ರ ಆರ್ [[ಕನ್ನಡ]] ಮಧ್ಯಮ ಶಾಲೆಡ್ ಕಲ್ತೆರ್. ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ [[ಭಾರತ]] ಡ್ ಮಣಿಪಾಲ್ ಡ್ದ್ ಔಷಧ ಶಾಸ್ತ್ರದ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ ಮುಗಿತೆರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಉಡುಪಿಡ್ ಪುರಸಭೆತ ಉಪಾಧ್ಯಕ್ಷೆರಾದ್ ಲಾ ಸೇವೆ ಸಲ್ಲಿಸಯೆರ್. ಚಂದ್ರಕುಮಾರಿ ಶೆಟ್ಟಿನ್ ಮದಿಮೆ ಆದ್ ನಾಲ್ ಜೋಕುಲು ಉಲ್ಲೆರ್.<ref name="Journey - Dr. B. R. Shetty">{{cite web | url=http://www.brshetty.com/journey/ | title=Journey – Dr. B. R. Shetty | access-date=28 June 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160614205457/http://www.brshetty.com/journey/ | archive-date=14 June 2016 |url-status = live}}</ref>
==ವೃತ್ತಿಜೀವನ==
ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ 1973ಡ್ ಯುಎಇಗ್ ವಲಸೆ ಬತ್ತೆರ್. ದೇಶೊದ ಸುರುತ ವೈದ್ಯಕೀಯ ಪ್ರತಿನಿಧಿಯಾದ್ ಬೇಲೆ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಬುಕ್ಕೊ,<ref name=national/> ವೈಯಕ್ತಿಕ, ವೆಚ್ಚ-ಪರಿಣಾಮಕಾರಿ ಆರೋಗ್ಯ ರಕ್ಷಣೆದ ಅಗತ್ಯೊನು ಪೂರೈಸೆರೆ 1975ಡ್ ಎನ್ಎಂಸಿ ಆರೋಗ್ಯ/ಪೊಸ ವೈದ್ಯಕೀಯ ಕೇಂದ್ರ ಆರೋಗ್ಯ (ಎನ್ಎಂಸಿ) ನ್ ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್.<ref name=national/><ref name=namma>{{cite web| url=http://namma.tv/dr-b-r-shetty-to-build-abu-dhabis-first-medical-university-in-honour-of-sheikh-zayed/| title=Dr B.R.Shetty to build Abu Dhabi's first medical university in honour of Sheikh Zayed| date=24 June 2016| publisher=NamMa TV| access-date=2 May 2017| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170802174516/http://namma.tv/dr-b-r-shetty-to-build-abu-dhabis-first-medical-university-in-honour-of-sheikh-zayed/| archive-date=2 August 2017|url-status = live}}</ref> ಆ ಕಾಲೊಡು ಕ್ಲಿನಿಕ್ ಡ್ ಆರೆನ ಬೊಡೆದಿ ಮಾತ್ರ ಡಾಕ್ಟರ್ ಆದಿತ್ತೆರ್.<ref name=emi/> ಎನ್ಎಂಸಿ ಇತ್ತೆ ಯುಎಇಡ್ ಅತಿ ಮಲ್ಲ ಖಾಸಗಿ ಆರೋಗ್ಯ ರಕ್ಷಣೆ ಕೊರ್ಪಿನ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆ ಆದುಂಡು, ಉಂದೆಟ್ ಯುಎಇ, ಕೆಎಸ್ಎ, ಒಮಾನ್, ಸ್ಪೇನ್, [[ಇಟಲಿ]], ಡೆನ್ಮಾರ್ಕ್, ಕೊಲಂಬಿಯಾ, ಬಿಲ್ಬಿಯಾ, ಉಂದು ಗಲ್ಫ್ ಸಹಕಾರ ದೇಶೊಲೆಡ್ದ್ (ಜಿಸಿಸಿ) ಸುರುತ ಆರೋಗ್ಯ ಕಂಪೆನಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಅಬುಧಾಬಿಡ್ದ್ ಸುರುತ ಕಂಪೆನಿ ಲಂಡನ್ ಸ್ಟಾಕ್ ಎಕ್ಸ್ ಚೇಂಜ್ ದ ಪ್ರೀಮಿಯಂ ವಿಭಾಗೊಡು ಪಟ್ಟಿ ಆಯಿನವು ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಅಪೇಕ್ಷಿತ ಎಫ್ಟಿಎಸ್ಇ ೧೦೦ ಸೂಚ್ಯಂಕ ದ ಭಾಗವಾದಿತ್ತ್ಂಡ್.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2017/09/02/gulf-private-hospitals-group-nmc-eyes-uk-launch-leap-ftse-100/|title=Gulf private hospitals group NMC eyes UK launch after leap into FTSE 100|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=2 September 2017|access-date=24 September 2017|first=Iain|last=Withers|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170913030605/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2017/09/02/gulf-private-hospitals-group-nmc-eyes-uk-launch-leap-ftse-100/|archive-date=13 September 2017|url-status = live}}</ref> ಎನ್ ಎಂ ಸಿ ನಿರ್ದೇಶಕ ಮಂಡಳಿದ ವಿನಂತಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಸಂಭಾವ್ಯ ಆರ್ಥಿಕ ಅಕ್ರಮೊಲೆನ ನಡತೊಂದುಪ್ಪುನ ತನಿಖೆದ ಪರಿಣಾಮವಾದ್, ಕಂಪೆನಿನ್ ಲಂಡನ್ ಸ್ಟಾಕ್ ಎಕ್ಸ್ ಚೇಂಜ್ ಡ್ದ್ ಡಿ-ಲಿಸ್ಟ್ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಎಫ್ ಟಿ ಎಸ್ ಇ ೧೦೦ ಸೂಚ್ಯಂಕೊಡ್ದ್ ತೆಗೆಯೊಂಡೆರ್.
ಡಾ. ಬಿ. ಆರ್. ಶೆಟ್ಟಿನ್ ಸ್ಥಾಪಕೆರ್ ಅತ್ತಂದೆ 1980ಡ್ ಯುಎಇ ಎಕ್ಸ್ ಚೇಂಜ್ ನ್ ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿ ಪಂಡ್ದ್ ಬಹು ಪುದರ್ ಪೋಯಿನ ಮೂಲೊಲು ವರ್ಣನೆ ಮಲ್ಪುವೆರ್, ಅಕುಲು ಅಕ್ಲೆನ ಅಪ್ಪೆ ದೇಶೊಡು ಅಕ್ಲೆನ ಕುಟುಂಬೊಲೆಗ್ ನಿಧಿನ್ ಕಡಪುಡುನ ವಲಸೆ ಬತ್ತಿನಕ್ಲೆಗ್ ರೆಮಿಟೆನ್ಸ್ ಸೇವೆಲೆನ್ ಸುಗಮ ಮಲ್ಪುವೆರ್.<ref>{{cite web |title=Who is BR Shetty and why was he stopped from flying to UAE? |url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/india/who-is-br-shetty-why-was-he-stopped-from-flying-to-uae-6126161.html |website=Moneycontrol}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=BR Shetty: The return of the prodigal son |url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/business/br-shetty-the-return-of-the-prodigal-son-1.470955 |website=The National}}</ref>.2016, ಉಂದು 31 ದೇಶೊಲೆಡ್ ವಿಸ್ತಾರ ಆತ್ಂಡ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಸುಮಾರ್ 800 ನೇರ ಕಚೇರಿಲೆನ್ ಮಲ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ೨೦೧೪ಡ್, ಒಟ್ಟುಗು ೫೦ ಬಿಲಿಯನ್ ಯುಎಸ್ ಡಾಲರ್ ಡ್ದ್ ಜಾಸ್ತಿ ಮನಿ ರೆಮಿಟೆನ್ಸ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಎಕ್ಸ್ ಚೇಂಜ್ ವಾಲ್ಯೂಮ್ ಡ್ ಮಲ್ತ್ಂಡ್.<ref name=emi>{{cite web| url=http://www.emirates247.com/news/emirates/dubai-dreams-from-jobless-medical-rep-to-billions-br-shetty-2016-08-10-1.638590| title=Dubai Dreams: From jobless medical rep to billions - BR Shetty| author=VM Sathish| date=10 August 2016| publisher=Emirates 24/7| access-date=2 May 2017| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170606205018/http://www.emirates247.com/news/emirates/dubai-dreams-from-jobless-medical-rep-to-billions-br-shetty-2016-08-10-1.638590| archive-date=6 June 2017|url-status = live}}</ref> ಶೆಟ್ರು 2014ಡ್ '''ಟ್ರಾವೆಲೆಕ್ಸ್''' ಪನ್ಪಿನ ಒಂಜಿ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ವಿದೇಶಿ ವಿನಿಮಯ ಕಂಪೆನಿನ್ ಸ್ವಾಧೀನ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್.<ref name=national>{{cite web| url=http://www.thenational.ae/business/industry-insights/economics/br-shetty-the-astute-businessman-who-turned-8-into-1bn#full| title=BR Shetty, the astute businessman who turned $8 into $1bn| author=Frank Kane| date=1 July 2014| publisher=The National| access-date=2 May 2017| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170428185222/http://www.thenational.ae/business/industry-insights/economics/br-shetty-the-astute-businessman-who-turned-8-into-1bn#full| archive-date=28 April 2017|url-status = dead}}</ref><ref name=khal/> ಟ್ರಾವೆಲೆಕ್ಸ್ ಗ್ 27 ದೇಶೊಲೆಡ್ 1500 ಶಾಪ್ ಲು ಬೊಕ್ಕ 1300 ಎಟಿಎಂಲು ಸೇರ್ದ್ ಜಾಗತಿಕ ಪಾದರಕ್ಷೆ ಉಂಡು. ಡಿಸೆಂಬರ್ ೨೦೨೦ಡ್ ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ ತನ್ನ ಬಹುಮತದ ಪಾಲುನ್ ಯುಎಇ ಎಕ್ಸ್ಚೇಂಜ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಟ್ರಾವೆಲೆಕ್ಸ್ ದ ಮೂಲ ಗುಂಪು ಆಯಿನ ಫಿನಾಬ್ಲರ್ ಡ್ ತನ್ನ ಬಹುಮತದ ಪಾಲುನ್ ಪ್ರಿಸ್ಮ್ ಗ್ರೂಪ್ ಎಜಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ರಾಯಲ್ ಸ್ಟ್ರಾಟೆಜಿಕ್ ಪಾರ್ಟ್ನರ್ಸ್ ಗ್ ಮಾರಾಟ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ ಒಪ್ಪಿಗೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್ ಪಂದ್ ಘೋಷಣೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್, ಉಂದು ಯುಎಇ ಲಿಂಕ್ಡ್ ಇನ್ವೆಸ್ಟ್ಮೆಂಟ್ ಫಂಡ್.<ref>[https://www.ft.com/content/7831e992-7eb4-4b67-ae55-f8fd86279dd5 UAE-Israeli partnership agrees deal to buy Finablr] Financial Times, Simeon Kerr, Mehul Srivastava and Cynthia O’Murchu, 17 December 2020</ref>
೨೦೦೩ಡ್, ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ ಯುಎಇ ಮೂಲದ ಔಷಧ ತಯಾರಕೆರೆನ ಎನ್ಎಂಸಿ ನಿಯೋಫಾರ್ಮಾನ್ ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್.<ref name=emi/>ಭಾರತದ ಅಪಗದ ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರಪತಿ ಉದ್ಘಾಟನೆ, ಎ. ಪಿ. ಜೆ. ಅಬ್ದುಲ್ ಕಲಾಮ್ ಅಬುಧಾಬಿಡ್, ನಿಯೋಫಾರ್ಮಾ ಉತ್ಪಾದನಾ ತಂತ್ರಜ್ಞಾನೊಡು ಜಾಗತಿಕ ಮಾನದಂಡೊಲೆನ್ ಅನುಸರಿಸಾದ್ ಮಾಡ್ಯುಲರ್ ಉತ್ಪಾದನೆದ ಪರಿಕಲ್ಪನೆನ್ ಬಳಕೆ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪರಿಣಾಮಕಾರಿ ನಿಯಂತ್ರಣ ಯಾಂತ್ರಿಕತೆಲೆನ್ ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಮಿತ್ತ್ ಕೇಂದ್ರೀಕೃತವಾದುಂಡು. ನಿಯೋಫಾರ್ಮಾ ಒಂಜಿ ಸಂಶೋಧನೆ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿ ವಿಭಾಗೊನು ಪಡೆಯೊಂದುಂಡು ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಕೈಗೆಟುಕಿನ ಬೆಲೆಡ್ ಗುಣಮಟ್ಟದ ಮರ್ದ್ ಲೆನ್ ಒದಗಿಸೆರೆ ಕೆಲಸ ಮಲ್ಪುಂಡು. ಕಂಪೆನಿ ಅಂತರರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ಔಷಧೀಯ ಕಂಪೆನಿಲೆಗ್ ಉತ್ಪಾದನೆನ್ ಒಪ್ಪಂದ ಮಲ್ಪುಂಡು ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಮೆರ್ಕ್ ಗ್ರೂಪ್, ಫೈಜರ್, ಆಸ್ಟ್ರಾಜೆನೆಕಾ, ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಬೂಟ್ಸ್ ಯುಕೆ ಸೇರ್ದ್ ಉಪ್ಪುನ ಕಂಪೆನಿಲೆಗ್ ಜೆನೆರಿಕ್ ಬ್ರಾಂಡ್ ಲೆನ್ ಲಾ ಮಲ್ಪುಂಡು.<ref name=emi/>
೨೦೧೨ಡ್, ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ ಲಂಡನ್ ಸ್ಟಾಕ್ ಎಕ್ಸ್ ಚೇಂಜ್ ಡ್ (ಆರಂಭಿಕ ಸಾರ್ವಜನಿಕ ಕೊಡುಗೆ)ಐಪಿಒ ದ ಮೂಲಕ ಎನ್ಎಂಸಿನ್ ಮುನ್ನಡೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್, ಉಂದು $೩೩೦ ಮಿಲಿಯನ್ ನ್ ಒಟ್ಟು ಮಲ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಅಬುಧಾಬಿದ ಖಲೀಫಾ ನಗರ ಡ್ ಒಂಜಿ ವಿಶೇಷ ಆಸ್ಪತ್ರೆನ್ ನಿರ್ಮಾಣ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ ಈ ನಿಧಿಲು ಪೋಯೆರ್.<ref name=gulfnews>{{cite web| url=http://gulfnews.com/business/sectors/general/dr-b-r-shetty-to-expand-his-nmc-group-in-uae-and-gcc-1.1400467| title=Dr B.R. Shetty to expand his NMC group in UAE and GCC| author=Fareed Rahman| date=18 October 2014| publisher=Gulf News| access-date=2 May 2017| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006162305/http://gulfnews.com/business/sectors/general/dr-b-r-shetty-to-expand-his-nmc-group-in-uae-and-gcc-1.1400467| archive-date=6 October 2016|url-status = live}}</ref>
ಜೂನ್ ೨೦೧೬ಡ್, ಶೆಟ್ರ್ ಜಯದ್ ಬಿನ್ ಸುಲ್ತಾನ್ ಅಲ್ ನಹ್ಯಾನ್/ಶೇಖ್ ಜಾಯೆದ್ ನ ಗೌರವಾರ್ಥ ಅಬುಧಾಬಿಡ್ ಸುರುತ ವೈದ್ಯಕೀಯ ವಿಶ್ವವಿದ್ಯಾಲಯೊನು ನಿರ್ಮಾಣ ಮಲ್ಪುನವು ಘೋಷಣೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್.<ref name=namma/> ಅವ್ವೆ ತಿಂಗೊಲು, ಆರ್ ಭಾರತೀಯ ವ್ಯವಹಾರ/ವೃತ್ತಿಪರ ಸಮೂಹದ ಅಧ್ಯಕ್ಷೆರಾದ್ ಆಯ್ಕೆ ಆಯೆರ್.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.bfirst.in/news/diaspora/8815/br-shetty-wants-promote-india-uae-ties-through-ibpg| title=BR Shetty wants to promote India-UAE ties through IBPG| date=7 June 2016| publisher=Bfirst| access-date=2 May 2017| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170925083522/http://www.bfirst.in/news/diaspora/8815/br-shetty-wants-promote-india-uae-ties-through-ibpg| archive-date=25 September 2017| url-status=dead}}</ref> ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ ೨೦೧೬ ಡ್ ಬಿ ಆರ್ ಎಸ್ ವೆಂಚರ್ಸ್ ಮೂಲಕ ಕರ್ನಾಟಕೊದ ಉಡುಪಿಡ್ ೪೦೦ ಬೆಡ್ ದ ಸೂಪರ್ ಸ್ಪೆಷಾಲಿಟಿ ಆಸ್ಪತ್ರೆನ್ ಕಟ್ಟೊನೊಂದುಲ್ಲೆ ಪಂದ್ ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ ಘೋಷಣೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.mangalorean.com/dr-br-shetty-build-400-bed-super-speciality-hospital-udupi/| title=Dr BR Shetty to Build 400-bed Super-specialty hospital in Udupi| date=25 August 2016| publisher=Mangalorean| access-date=2 May 2017| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170925132051/https://www.mangalorean.com/dr-br-shetty-build-400-bed-super-speciality-hospital-udupi/| archive-date=25 September 2017|url-status = live}}</ref> ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ ಅಲೆಕ್ಸಾಂಡ್ರಿಯಾ ಡ್ ಒಂಜಿ ಆಸ್ಪತ್ರೆನ್, ನೇಪಾಳೊಡು ರಡ್ಡ್ ಆಸ್ಪತ್ರೆಲೆನ್, ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಅವ್ವೆ ಕಂಪೆನಿದ ಅಡಿಟ್ ತನ್ನ ವೈಯಕ್ತಿಕ ಬಂಡವಾಳೊದ ಭಾಗವಾದ್ ಕೈರೋಡ್ ಒಂಜಿ ಆಸ್ಪತ್ರೆನ್ ಸ್ವಾಧೀನ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್.<ref name=gulfnews/>
ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ ೨೦೧೯ಡ್, ಬಿಆರ್ಎಸ್ ವೆಂಚರ್ಸ್ ಭಾರತೊಡು ಆರೋಗ್ಯ ಸೌಲಭ್ಯೊಲೆನ್ ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ $೫ ಬಿಲಿಯನ್ ಬಂಡವಾಳೊ ಪಾಡುನ ಯೋಜನೆನ್ ಘೋಷಣೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.businesstoday.in/current/corporate/jang-sangh-hand-billionaire-b-r-shetty-5-billion-dollar-investments-in-indian-healthcare/story/373353.html | title=Old Jan Sangh hand, billionaire B R Shetty plans $5 billion investment in Indian healthcare | date=18 August 2019 | publisher=Business Today | access-date=25 August 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190825084836/https://www.businesstoday.in/current/corporate/jang-sangh-hand-billionaire-b-r-shetty-5-billion-dollar-investments-in-indian-healthcare/story/373353.html | archive-date=25 August 2019 |url-status = live}}</ref>
ಫೆಬ್ರವರಿ ೨೦೨೦ಡ್, ಎನ್ಎಂಸಿ ಆರೋಗ್ಯೊಡು ಷೇರುದಾರೆರೆನ ಬಹಿರಂಗಪಡಿಸುವಿಕೆ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಮಾಲೀಕತ್ವದ ಹಿತಾಸಕ್ತಿಲೆನ್ ಕುರಿತು ವರದಿಲು ಬತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಅವ್ವೇ ಅವಧಿಡ್, ಕಂಪೆನಿದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ತನಿಖೆ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ನಿಯಂತ್ರಣ ವಿಮರ್ಶೆಲು ನಡತೊಂದು ಇತ್ತಿನಗ ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ ಎನ್ಎಂಸಿ ಆರೋಗ್ಯದ ಸಹ-ಅಧ್ಯಕ್ಷೆರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ನಿರ್ದೇಶಕೆರ್ನ ಸ್ಥಾನೊಡ್ದ್ ರಾಜೀನಾಮೆ ಕೊರ್ಯೆರ್.<ref>{{cite news |title=NMC Health founder Shetty resigns as co-chairman in latest blow |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/world/nmc-health-founder-shetty-resigns-as-co-chairman-in-latest-blow-idUSKBN20B0MO/ |publisher=Reuters |date=17 February 2020}}</ref>
ಆ ಅವಧಿಡ್, ಕಂಪೆನಿ ಕಾರ್ಪೊರೇಟ್ ಆಡಳಿತ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಆರ್ಥಿಕ ಬಹಿರಂಗಪಡಿಸುವಿಕೆಲೆಗ್ ಸಂಬಂಧಪಟ್ಟಿನ ಒಂಜಿ ಸಂಖ್ಯೆದ ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿಲೆನ್ ಅನುಭವಿಸಾಯಿನವು.<ref>{{cite news |title=BR Shetty and two other directors resign from NMC Health |url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/business/br-shetty-and-two-other-directors-resign-from-nmc-health-1.980167 |publisher=The National |date=17 February 2020}}</ref>
ಏಪ್ರಿಲ್ ೮, ೨೦೨೦ಡ್, ಕಂಪೆನಿದ ದಿವಾಳಿತನೊಡ್ದ್ ಎನ್ಎಂಸಿ ಯುಕೆದ ಆಡಳಿತೊಗು ಪೋಂಡ್.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/nmc-insolvency-proceedings-inevitable-hospital-143125949.html|title=NMC Heads to Administration After Giving In to Creditor Demands|website=finance.yahoo.com|access-date=9 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200411094227/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/nmc-insolvency-proceedings-inevitable-hospital-143125949.html|archive-date=11 April 2020|url-status=live}}</ref>
== ಲೋಕೋಪಕಾರ ==
ಮೇ ೨೦೧೮ಡ್, ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ ಬೇತೆ ಮೂಜಿ ಅಬುಧಾಬಿ ಮೂಲದ ವ್ಯಾಪಾರ ಮುಖ್ಯಸ್ಥೆರೆನೊಟ್ಟುಗು ದಿ ಗಿವಿಂಗ್ ಪ್ಲೆಡ್ಜ್ ಗ್ ಸಹಿ ಪಾಡ್ದೆರ್.{{clarify|date=October 2025}}<ref>[https://givingpledge.org/About.aspx The Giving Pledge]</ref><ref>[https://www.forbesmiddleeast.com/industry/business/uae-billionaire-b-r-shetty-joins-the-gates-buffet-giving-pledge-donates-half-his-wealth ''Forbes'' article]</ref>
==ಬೇತೆ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆಲು==
ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ ಯುಎಇಗ್ ಪೋಪಿನ ದುಂಬು ಬಿಜೆಪಿದ ದುಂಬುದ ಜನ ಸಂಘದ ಕಾರ್ಯಕರ್ತೆ ಆದಿತ್ತೆರ್.
ಅಬುಧಾಬಿಗ್ ಮೋದಿ ಭೇಟಿನ್ ಏರ್ಪಾಡ್ ಮಲ್ಪುನಗ ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ ಮುಖ್ಯ ಪಾತ್ರ ವಹಿಸಯೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theweek.in/news/biz-tech/2020/04/27/more-trouble-for-b-r-shetty-uae-to-freeze-assets-of-richest-kannadiga.html|title=More trouble for B.R. Shetty; UAE to freeze assets of 'richest Kannadiga'|website=The Week|language=en|access-date=2020-04-27}}</ref>
ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ ಉತ್ತರ ಭಾರತದ ಉತ್ತರಾಖಂಡ್ ರಾಜ್ಯೊಡು ಒಂಜಿ ವೈದ್ಯಕೀಯ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆಡ್ ಬಂಡವಾಳ ಪಾಡ್ದ್ ಉಲ್ಲೆರ್. ಎಮಿರೇಟ್ಸ್ ಡ್ ಇಪ್ಪುನ ಭಾರತೀಯ ಔಷಧೀಯ ಸಂಘದ ಸ್ಥಾಪಕೆರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪೋಷಕೆರ್, ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಸಲಹಾ ಮಂಡಳಿ (ಹಣಕಾಸು ಕ್ಷೇತ್ರ), ಆರ್ಥಿಕ ಇಲಾಖೆ, ದುಬೈ ಸರ್ಕಾರ, ಯುಎಇ, ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಔಷಧೀಯ ಸಮಿತಿ, ದುಬೈದ ಸದಸ್ಯೆರ್. ಆರ್ 2019 ಮುಟ್ಟ ಅಬುಧಾಬಿ ಇಂಡಿಯನ್ ಸ್ಕೂಲ್, ಅಬುಧಾಬಿ ಇಂಡಿಯನ್ ಸ್ಕೂಲ್-ಬ್ರಾಂಚ್ 1, ಅಲ್ ವಾತ್ಬಾ, ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಬ್ರೈಟ್ ರೈಡರ್ಸ್ ಸ್ಕೂಲ್ ದ ಅಧ್ಯಕ್ಷೆರಾದ್ ಇತ್ತೆರ್. ಅಬುಧಾಬಿ ಇಂಡಿಯನ್ ಸ್ಕೂಲ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಅಬುಧಾಬಿ ಇಂಡಿಯನ್ ಸ್ಕೂಲ್-ಬ್ರಾಂಚ್ 1, ಅಲ್ ವಾತ್ಬಾಡ್ ಅರೆನ ಸ್ಥಾನೊನು ಯುಎಇ ಮೂಲದ ಇಂಡಿಯನ್ ಬಿಲಿಯನ್ ಎ ಯೂಸುಫ್ ಅಲಿ/ಯುಸುಫ್ ಅಲಿ ಎಂ .ಎ .<ref name="Indian tycoons storm Arabian Business Expat Power List 2011 - ArabianBusiness.com">{{cite web | url=http://www.arabianbusiness.com/indian-tycoons-storm-arabian-business-expat-power-list-2011-383132.html#.V3JKfbh9600 | title=Indian tycoons storm Arabian Business Expat Power List 2011 - ArabianBusiness.com | date=27 February 2011 | publisher=ArabianBusiness | access-date=28 June 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160815070908/http://www.arabianbusiness.com/indian-tycoons-storm-arabian-business-expat-power-list-2011-383132.html#.V3JKfbh9600 | archive-date=15 August 2016 |url-status = live}}</ref>
ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ ೨೦೧೫ಡ್, ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ ಯುಎಇ ಎಕ್ಸ್ ಚೇಂಜ್ ದ ನಿರ್ದೇಶಕ ಮಂಡಳಿದ ಅಧ್ಯಕ್ಷೆರಾದ್ ಆಯ್ಕೆ ಆಯೆರ್.<ref name=khal>{{cite web|url=http://www.khaleejtimes.com/business/local/dr-br-shetty-takes-over-as-chairman-of-uae-exchange|title=Dr B.R. Shetty takes over as chairman of UAE Exchange|work=Khaleej Times|access-date=23 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170424085905/http://www.khaleejtimes.com/business/local/dr-br-shetty-takes-over-as-chairman-of-uae-exchange|archive-date=24 April 2017|url-status = live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/markets/stocks/news/uae-exchange-appoints-b-r-shetty-as-chairman-promoth-manghat-as-ceo/articleshow/48652739.cms|title=UAE Exchange appoints B R Shetty as Chairman, Promoth Manghat as CEO|newspaper=The Economic Times|date=24 August 2015|publisher=Economic Times India|access-date=23 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170424090633/http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/markets/stocks/news/uae-exchange-appoints-b-r-shetty-as-chairman-promoth-manghat-as-ceo/articleshow/48652739.cms|archive-date=24 April 2017|url-status = live}}</ref> ಜೂನ್ ೨೦೧೬ಡ್ ಇಂಡಿಯನ್ ಬಿಸಿನೆಸ್/ಪ್ರೊಫೆಷನಲ್ ಗ್ರೂಪ್ ದ ಅಧ್ಯಕ್ಷೆರಾದ್ ನೇಮಕ ಆಯೆರ್.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newskarnataka.com/nri/dr-b-r-shetty-to-head-the-indian-businessprofessional-group|title=Dr B R Shetty to head The Indian Business/Professional Group|publisher=News Karnataka|access-date=23 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170424085646/http://www.newskarnataka.com/nri/dr-b-r-shetty-to-head-the-indian-businessprofessional-group|archive-date=24 April 2017|url-status = live}}</ref> ಶೇಖ್ ಮೊಹಮ್ಮದ್ ಬಿನ್ ರಶೀದ್ ಅಲ್ ಮಕ್ತೂಮ್ ಸೆಪ್ಟೆಂಬರ್ ೨೦೧೬ಡ್ ಶೆಟ್ಟಿನ್ ಯುಎಇ ವೈದ್ಯಕೀಯ ಮಂಡಳಿದ ಸದಸ್ಯೆರಾದ್ ನಾಮನಿರ್ದೇಶನ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://m.bfirst.in/news/2016_09_09/12860|title=Businessman BR Shetty nominated to medical council by PM of Dubai|publisher=Bfirst}}{{Dead link|date=October 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
ಏಪ್ರಿಲ್ ೨೦೧೭ಡ್, ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ ನಿರ್ದೇಶಕೆರ್ ವಿ. ಎ .ಶ್ರೀಕುಮಾರ್ ಮೆನನ್. ಮೋಹನ್ಲಾಲ್ ನಟನೆ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಈ ಚಿತ್ರ ರಂದಮೂಝಂ ಪನ್ಪಿನ ಕಾದಂಬರಿನ್ ಆಧಾರವಾದ್ ಮಲ್ಪೊಡು, ಉಂದು [[ಮಹಾಭಾರತ]] ದ ಪುನರ್ನಿರೂಪಣೆ.<ref>{{cite news|title=Billionaire B. R. Shetty aims for $1 billion in revenue from Indian film epic|url=https://in.reuters.com/article/nmc-health-shetty-film/billionaire-b-r-shetty-aims-for-1-billion-in-revenue-from-indian-film-epic-idINKBN18V0SR|access-date=28 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171027181423/https://in.reuters.com/article/nmc-health-shetty-film/billionaire-b-r-shetty-aims-for-1-billion-in-revenue-from-indian-film-epic-idINKBN18V0SR|archive-date=27 October 2017|url-status = dead}}</ref>
ಆಂಡಲಾ, ಮೇ ೨೦೧೯ಡ್, ಸೃಜನಶೀಲ ಸಮಸ್ಯೆಲೆಡ್ದ್ ಚಿತ್ರೊನು ಶೆಲ್ಫ್ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್.<ref>{{cite news|title=Mohanlal's Rs 1000 crore film project 'Randamoozham' shelved|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/malayalam/2019/apr/03/mohanlals-rs-1000-crore-film-project-randamoozham-shelved-1959795.html|access-date=20 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190805223955/http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/malayalam/2019/apr/03/mohanlals-rs-1000-crore-film-project-randamoozham-shelved-1959795.html|archive-date=5 August 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
== ಪ್ರಶಸ್ತಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಮಾನ್ಯತೆ ==
೨೦೦೫ಡ್, ಶೆಟ್ಟಿಗ್ ಎಮಿರೇಟ್ ಡ್ ''ಅಬುಧಾಬಿ ಪ್ರಶಸ್ತಿ'' ಪನ್ಪಿನ ಅತಿ ಎಚ್ಚಿನ ನಾಗರಿಕ ಗೌರವೊನು ಕೊರ್ತೆರ್.<ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.thenationalnews.com/uae/abu-dhabi-awards-b-r-shetty-1.119120 | title = Abu Dhabi Awards: B R Shetty | date = 23 May 2015 | work = The National | access-date = 23 September 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190923071607/https://www.thenational.ae/uae/abu-dhabi-awards-b-r-shetty-1.119120 | archive-date = 23 September 2019 | url-status = live }}</ref> ಅಬುಧಾಬಿದ ರಾಜಕುಮಾರ ಶೇಖ್ ಮೊಹಮ್ಮದ್ ಬಿನ್ ಜಾಯೆದ್ ಅಲ್ ನಹ್ಯಾನ್ ಕೊರ್ತಿನ, ಸುರುತ ವರ್ಷ ಈ ಗೌರವೊನು ಕೊರ್ತೆರ್.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/uae/abu-dhabi-awards-b-r-shetty-1.119120/|title=Abu Dhabi Awards: B R Shetty|date=23 May 2015 |publisher=The National|access-date=23 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170422235344/http://www.thenational.ae/uae/abu-dhabi-awards-b-r-shetty|archive-date=22 April 2017|url-status = live}}</ref> ಅಂಚನೆ ೨೦೦೫ಡ್, ಯು.ಎಸ್. ಇಂಡಿಯಾ ಫ್ರೆಂಡ್ಶಿಪ್ ಸೊಸೈಟಿ ಶೆಟ್ಟಿಗ್ ದಿ ಡಿಸ್ಟಿಂಗ್ವಿಶ್ಡ್ ಎಂಟ್ರೆಪ್ರೆನರ್ ಪ್ರಶಸ್ತಿನ್ ಕೊರ್ತುಂಡು.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.neopharmauae.com/en/news.asp?News_Id=173-Dr.-B.R.-Shetty-received-The-Distinguished-Entrepreneur-Award-from-the-US-India-Friendship-Society-|title=Dr. B.R. Shetty received The Distinguished Entrepreneur Award from the US India Friendship Society|publisher=Neopharma|access-date=23 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170424173745/http://www.neopharmauae.com/en/news.asp?News_Id=173-Dr.-B.R.-Shetty-received-The-Distinguished-Entrepreneur-Award-from-the-US-India-Friendship-Society-|archive-date=24 April 2017|url-status = dead}}</ref>
ಭಾರತ ಸರ್ಕಾರ ಶೆಟ್ಟಿಗ್ 2007ಡ್ ಪ್ರವಾಸಿ ಭಾರತೀಯ ಸಮ್ಮನ್ ಪ್ರಶಸ್ತಿ ಕೊರ್ತುಂಡು.<ref name="The recipients of Pravasi Bharatiya Samman - Times of India">{{cite news | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/The-recipients-of-Pravasi-Bharatiya-Samman/articleshow/1113368.cms | title=The recipients of Pravasi Bharatiya Samman – Times of India | work=Times of India| date=9 January 2007 | access-date=28 June 2016}}</ref><ref name="New Delhi B R Shetty Among Padma Shree Awardees">{{cite web | url=http://www.daijiworld.com/news/news_disp.asp?n_id=56080 | title=New Delhi B R Shetty Among Padma Shree Awardees | publisher=Daijiworld Media Pvt Ltd Mangalore | access-date=28 June 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303170744/http://www.daijiworld.com/news/news_disp.asp?n_id=56080 | archive-date=3 March 2016 |url-status = live}}</ref> ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ 2009ಡ್ ಭಾರತದ ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರಪತಿ ಕೊರ್ತಿನ [[ಪದ್ಮಶ್ರೀ]] ಪ್ರಶಸ್ತಿನ್ ಪಡೆಯೆರ್.<ref name="IBPC Felicitates Padma Shri Award Winners - Khaleej Times">{{cite web | url=http://www.khaleejtimes.com/business/local/ibpc-felicitates-padma-shri-award-winners | title=IBPC Felicitates Padma Shri Award Winners – Khaleej Times | work=Khaleej Times| access-date=28 June 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160808123305/http://www.khaleejtimes.com/business/local/ibpc-felicitates-padma-shri-award-winners | archive-date=8 August 2016 |url-status = live}}</ref>
==ಉಲ್ಲೇಕೊಲು==
{{reflist}}
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Mahaveer Indra, ಪುಟೊ [[ಪಾತೆರ:ಬಾವಗುತು ರಘುರಾಮ್ ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ]] ನ್ [[ಪಾತೆರ:ಬಾವಗುತ್ತು ರಘುರಾಮ ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ]] ಗ್ ಕಡಪುಡಿಯೆರ್: ಸರಿಯಾದ ಹೆಸರು.
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{{ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ 10ನೇ ವರ್ಸಂತಿಗೆ ಪಂತೊದ ಲೇಕನೊ}}
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'''ಅಬೂ ರೈಹಾನ್ ಅಹ್ಮದ್ ನೂರಿ''' (Ahmed Noori) ಭಾರತೊದ ಖ್ಯಾತ [[ಬ್ಯಾರಿ ಭಾಷೆ|ಬ್ಯಾರಿ]] ಲೇಖಕೆರ್, ಪತ್ರಕರ್ತೆರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಸಮಾಜಸೇವಕೆರ್ ಆದು ಉಲ್ಲೆರ್. ಆರ್ [[ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಕನ್ನಡ]] ಜಿಲ್ಲೆದ [[ಮಂಗಳೂರು]]ಡ್ ಬ್ಯಾರಿ ಸಮುದಾಯದ ಒಂಜಿ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಸಾಹಿತ್ಯಕಾರೆರಾದ್ ಪರಿಚಿತ ಆತೆರ್.
== ಜೀವನ ==
ಅಹ್ಮದ್ ನೂರಿಯೆರ್ 10 ಜೂನ್ 1920ಡ್ [[ಮಂಗಳೂರು]]ಡ್ ಪುಟ್ಟಿಯೆರ್. ಬಾಲ್ಯೊದ ಜೀವನ ಮಂಗಳೂರ್ದ ಕಳೆತೆರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ [[ಬೆಂಗಳೂರು]]ಡ್ ನೆಲೆಸಾಯೆರ್. ಆರ್ ಜಾಮಿಯಾ ಉರ್ದು, ಅಲಿಗಢ್ಡ್ ಉರ್ದು ಭಾಷೆದ ''ಅದೀಬ್-ಎ-ಮಾಹಿರ್'' ಪದವಿ ಪಡೆದು ಇತ್ತೆರ್.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://catalog.loc.gov/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?SC=Author&SEQ=20090816075759&PID=Y-krMre66W2KYmZaUo4cs1LOwGf&SA=Nūri,+Abūraihān+Ahmad |title=LC Catalog - Legacy Catalog Retired}}</ref>
ಆರ್ ಬ್ಯಾರಿ ಭಾಷೆ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಕನ್ನಡ ಭಾಷೆಡ್ ಕೆಲವು ಕೃತಿಲೆನ್ ಬರತೆರ್. 1960ಡ್ ಪ್ರಕಟ ಆಯಿನ ''ಮೈಕಳ'' (Maikala) ಪುದುವೆ 1997ಡ್ ರಡ್ಡನೇ ಆವೃತ್ತಿ ರೂಪೊಡ್ ಪ್ರಕಟ ಆತುಂಡು. ಈ ಕೃತಿ ಬ್ಯಾರಿ ಸಮುದಾಯೊದ ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಜೀವನಶೈಲಿದ ದಾಖಲೆಗ್ರಂಥ ಅದ್ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧಿ ಪಡೆತುಂಡು.
1978ಡ್ ಕುರಾನ್ದ ಅರ್ಥೊನ್ ಕನ್ನಡ ಭಾಷೆಗ್ ಅನುವಾದ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಆಜಿ ಮಂದಿ ಪಂಡಿತೆರೆನ ತಂಡೊದ ಸದಸ್ಯೆರಾದ್ ಅಹ್ಮದ್ ನೂರಿಯೆರ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ದೆರ್.<ref>Divya Qur'an, Qur'an Majid, (An effort of six scholars: Mawlana Shah Abd al-Qadir, Mawlana Sayyid, Abu Raihan Ahmed Noori, Abd Allah Sahib, I’jaz al-Din and Abd al-Ghaffar), 2 vol. Islami Sahitya Prakashana, Bangalore, 1978.</ref> ಆರ್ ''ಸಂದೇಶ'', ''ಕಿತಾಬ್'' ಬೊಕ್ಕ ''ದಿ ಮೆಸೇಜ್'' ಪತ್ರಿಕೆಲೆ ಸಂಪಾದಕೆರಾದ್ ಕಾರ್ಯ ಮಲ್ದೆರ್. ಅತ್ತಂದೆ ''ಸನ್ಮಾರ್ಗ'' ಕನ್ನಡ ವಾರಪತ್ರಿಕೆಡ್ ಅನೇಕ ಲೇಖನೊಲೆನ್ ಬರೆತೆರ್.
2010ಡ್ ಕರ್ನಾಟಕ ಬ್ಯಾರಿ ಸಾಹಿತ್ಯ ಅಕಾಡೆಮಿ 2009ನೇ ಸಾಲುದ ಗೌರವ ಪ್ರಶಸ್ತಿನ್ ಆರೆನ ಸಾಹಿತ್ಯೊ ಸೇವೆಗ್ ಪ್ರದಾನ ಮಲ್ದೆರ್.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/58985/beary-sahithya-academy-honour-three.html |title=Beary Sahithya Academy honour for three |publisher=Deccan Herald |date=19 March 2010}}</ref>
== ಸಾಹಿತ್ಯ ಮತ್ ಸಂಗೀತ ==
ಅಹ್ಮದ್ ನೂರಿಯೆರ್ ಬ್ಯಾರಿ ಜನಾಂಗೊದ ಜನಪ್ರಿಯ ಗೀತರಚನಾಕಾರರಾದ್ ಉಲ್ಲೆರ್. ಆರ್ ಬರೆತಿನ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧ ಪದ್ಯದ ಪದ್ಯೊಲು ಇಂಚ ಉಂಡು:
* ''ಕೆಳಂದ ಮಕ್ಕಳೇ ಕೆಳಂದ''
* ''ಎತರೆ ತೋಲೊ ವರಕ್ರೊ ಮಸ್ತ್''
* ''ಆಲಂ ಪಡಚದುಂ ನೀನೆಂ, ಆದ್ರೆ ಚಮೈಚೆದುಂ ನೀನೆಮೆ''
2011ನೇ ಸಾಲ್ದ ಜನವರಿಡ್ ಆರ್ ಬರೆತಿನ ಬ್ಯಾರಿ ಭಾಷೆದ ಪದ್ಯದ CD ಬೆಂಗಳೂರುಡ್ ಬಿಡುಗಡೆ ಆತುಂಡು.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.coastaldigest.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=19069 |title=Beary Academy to hold literary session on Jan 16 |website=Coastal Digest}}</ref>
== ನಿಧನ ==
ಅಹ್ಮದ್ ನೂರಿಯೆರ್ 2 ಸೆಪ್ಟೆಂಬರ್ 2012ಡ್ ನಿಧನ ಆಯೆರ್.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.megamedianews.in/index.php/68892/noted-scholar-writer-ahmed-noori-no-more/ |title=Noted scholar, writer Ahmed Noori no more |publisher=Mega Media News |accessdate=2026-07-29 |archivedate=2016-01-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160129003201/http://www.megamedianews.in/index.php/68892/noted-scholar-writer-ahmed-noori-no-more/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
== ಕೃತಿಲು ==
=== ಪುಸ್ತಕಲು ===
* ''ಮೈಕಳ'' (1960; ಎರಡನೇ ಆವೃತ್ತಿ – 1997)
=== ಪತ್ರಿಕೆಲು ===
* ಸಂದೇಶ
* ಕಿತಾಬ್
* ದಿ ಮೆಸೇಜ್
== ಉಲ್ಲೇಕೊಲು ==
{{reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:ನೂರಿ, ಅಹ್ಮದ್}}
[[ವರ್ಗೊ:ಭಾರತದ ಲೇಖಕೆರ್]]
[[ವರ್ಗೊ:ಭಾರತದ ಪತ್ರಕರ್ತೆರ್]]
[[ವರ್ಗೊ:ಬ್ಯಾರಿ ಸಮುದಾಯ]]
[[ವರ್ಗೊ:ಮಂಗಳೂರುದ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿಲು]]
[[ವರ್ಗೊ:ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಕನ್ನಡ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆಯ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿಲು]]
[[ವರ್ಗೊ:1920ರ ಜನನ]]
[[ವರ್ಗೊ:2012ರ ನಿಧನ]]
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[[ಫೈಲ್:Ayiyal.jpg|thumb|ಅವಿಯಲ್(ಅವಿಲ್)]]
ಅವಿಯಲ್ ಅತ್ತ್ಂಡ ಅವಿಯಲ್ (ಮಲಯಾಳಂ: അവിയല്, ಉಚ್ಚಾರ [aʋijal]) ಪನ್ಪಿನವು [[ಭಾರತ]]ದ [[ಕೇರಳ|ಕೇರಳೊ]]ಡು ಪುಟ್ಟುನ ಒಂಜಿ ಭಾರತೀಯ ಖಾದ್ಯ.<ref>https://www.tasteatlas.com/avial</ref>ಉಂದು ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯವಾದ್ ಪಶ್ಚಿಮ ಘಟ್ಟೊಡು ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯವಾದ್ 13 ತರಕಾರಿಲೆನ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ತಾರಾಯಿನ್ ಒಟ್ಟು ಮಲ್ತ್ ದ್ ತಾರಾಯಿಯಿದ ಎಣ್ಣೆ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಕರಿ ಇರೆಟ್ ಮಸಾಲೆ ಪಾಡ್ದ್ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಒಂಜಿ ದಪ್ಪ ಸ್ಟ್ಯೂ. ಕೇರಳೊಡು ಅವಿಯಲ್ ನ್ ಮುಖ್ಯ ವಣಸ್ದ ಒಂಜಿ ಅಗತ್ಯವಾಯಿನ ಭಾಗ ಪಂಡ್ದ್ ಪರಿಗಣಿಸವೆರ್ (ಮಲಯಾಳೊಡು ಊಣ್), ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯವಾದ್ ಕೇರಳದ ಸಾಂಪ್ರದಾಯಿಕ ಸಾಧ್ಯೊಡು ಸ್ಟಾರ್ ಡಿಶ್ ಆದುಂಡು ಬೊಕ್ಕ ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಭಾರತೊಡು ಒಂಜಿ ರುಚಿಯಾದ್ ಲಾ ಸರ್ವ್ ಮಲ್ಪುವೆರ್. ಒಂಜಿ ವಸ್ತುನ್ ಒಂಜಿ ಏವಿಯಲ್ ಪನ್ಪಿನವುಲಾ ಒಂಜಿ ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯ ನುಡಿಗಟ್ಟು ಆ ವಸ್ತುನು ಒಂಜಿ ಗೊಂದಲೊಗು ಕಾರಣ ಆಪುಂಡು.
== ಸಾಮಾನುಲು ==
ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯವಾದ್, ಗರಿಗರಿ ತರಕಾರಿಲೆನ್ ಮಾತ್ರ ಅವಿಯಲ್ ಡ್ ಬಳಕೆ ಮಲ್ಪುವೆರ್. ಅವಿಯಲ್ ಡ್ ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯವಾದ್ ಬಳಕೆ ಆಪಿನ ತರಕಾರಿಲು ಕೇನೆ, ಬಾರೆ, ಆಶ್ ಮೆಲನ್ (ಮೇಣದ ಕಲ್ಲಂಗಡಿ), ಕ್ಯಾರೆಟ್, ಬೀನ್ಸ್, ಬ್ರಿಂಜಾಲ್ (ಆಬರ್ಜಿನ್), ಸೌತೆಕಾಯಿ, ನುರ್ಗೆ, ಪಟ್ಲಕಾಯಿ, ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಬ್ರಾಡ್ ಬೀನ್ಸ್ ಇಂಚಿನ ತರಕಾರಿಲು .ಕೊಜಿಕೋಡ್ ಪ್ರದೇಶೊಡ್ದ್ ಬತ್ತಿನ ಏವಿಯಲ್ ಡ್ ಕಹಿ ಕೋಸು ಸೇರ್ದ್ ಉಂಡು. ಕೊಲ್ಲಂ ಪ್ರದೇಶೊಡ್ದ್ ಬತ್ತಿನ ಏವಿಯಲ್ ದ ರೂಪಾಂತರೊಲು ಬೇತೆ ತರಕಾರಿಲೆಡ್ ಟೊಮೆಟೊನ್ ಲಾ ಒಳಗೊಂಡಿಪ್ಪುಂಡು. ಕೆಲವೆರ್ ದೋಸೆನ್ ಬುಡ್ದು ಕಚ್ಚಾ ಕುಕ್ಕು ಅತ್ತ್ಂಡ ತಾರಾಯಿದ ಪುಡಿನ್ ಬದಲಾವಣೆ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ ಇಷ್ಟ ಪಡ್ಪೆರ್. ಈ ಖಾದ್ಯೊನು ಗ್ರೇವಿ ಮಲ್ಪೊಲಿ ಅತ್ತ್ಂಡ ಅರೆ-ಒಣಸ್ದ ಸೈಡ್ ಡಿಶ್ ಮಲ್ಪೊಲಿ. ಉಂದೆನ್ ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯವಾದ್ ಅರಿತ ಒಟ್ಟುಗು ಉನ್ಪೆರ್. "ಅವಿಯಲ್" ಪನ್ಪಿನ ಶಬ್ದೊನು 'ಬೇಯಿತ್' ಅತ್ತ್ಂಡ 'ನೀರ್ಡ್ ಬೇಯಿಪಾದ್' ಪನ್ಪಿನ ಅರ್ಥೊಗುಲಾ ಬಳಕೆ ಮಲ್ಪುವೆರ್ - ಈ ಅರ್ಥ ಖಾದ್ಯೊನು ಮಲ್ಪುನ ರೀತಿಡ್ದ್ ಬತ್ತ್ ಂಡ್.
== ಪುರಾಣಡ್ ಅವಿಯಲ್ ==
ಅವಿಯಲ್ ನ್ ಯೋಧ ಭೀಮೆ ಗಡಿಪಾರ್ ದ ಪೊರ್ತುಡು ಕಂಡು ಕನತ್ ದ್ ದೀಯೆರ್ ಪನ್ಪಿನ ನಂಬಿಕೆ ಉಂಡು. ಐತಿಹ್ಯದ ಪ್ರಕಾರ ಬಲ್ಲಾವ (ಈ ಕಾಲೊಡು ಭೀಮನ ಪುದರ್) ವಿರಾಟದ ಅಡಿಗೆಡ್ ಅಡುಗೆ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯೊನು ವಹಿಸನಗ ಆಯಗ್ ಅಡುಗೆ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ ಗೊತ್ತಿಜ್ಜಿ. ಆರ್ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಸುರುತ ಕೆಲಸೊಲೆಡ್ ಒಂಜಿ ಪಂಡ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಬೇತೆ ಬೇತೆ ತರಕಾರಿಲೆನ್ ಕಡ್ತ್ ದ್, ಅವೆನ್ ಒಟ್ಟುಗು ಕುದಿತ್ ದ್ ತುರಿದ್ ದೀತಿನ ತಾರಾಯಿನ್ ಪಾತ್ರೆದ ಮಿತ್ತ್ ಪಾಡ್ ದ್ ಮಲ್ಪುನವು.ಪೌರಾಣಿಕ ಬದಲಾವಣೆಲು ಉಂಡು. ರಾಜೆ ವಿರಾಟೊಗು ಅನಿರೀಕ್ಷಿತ ಅತಿಥಿಲು ಬನ್ನಗ ಭೀಮೆ ಅವಿಯಲ್ ನ್ ತಯಾರ್ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್ ಪನ್ಪೆರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಅರೆಗ್ ಅಕ್ಲೆಗ್ ಊಟೊನು ಸರ್ವ್ ಮಲ್ಪೊಡು ಪನ್ಪಿನ ಅಗತ್ಯ ಉಂಡು. ಒಂಜಿ ಸೈಡ್ ಡಿಶ್ ಗ್ ಒಂಜಿ ರೆಸಿಪಿನ್ ಬೇಯೆರೆ ಸಾಕಷ್ಟ್ ತರಕಾರಿಲು ಇಜ್ಜಿ, ಅಂಚಾದ್ ಭೀಮೆ ಒಂಜಿ ಪೊಸ ಖಾದ್ಯೊನು ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ ಲಭ್ಯವಾಯಿನ ತರಕಾರಿಲೆನ್ ಬಳಕೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್, ಉಂದೆನ್ ಅವಿಯಲ್ ಪಂಡ್ದ್ ಲೆಪ್ಪುವೆರ್. <ref>https://www.hindu-blog.com/2011/03/bhima-and-story-of-avial-origin-of.html</ref>
ಭೀಮನ್ ಕೊಲೆ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ ಕೌರವೆರ್ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಪ್ರಯತ್ನೊಗು ಸಂಬಂಧಪಟ್ಟಿನ ಬೇತೆ ಒಂಜಿ ನಿರೂಪಣಾ ಆವೃತ್ತಿ. ಭೀಮಗ್ ವಿಷ ಕೊರ್ದು ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಕೌರವೆರ್ ಭೀಮನ ಕಟ್ಟುದ್ ನೀರ್ ಗ್ ಪಾಡುವೆರ್. ಕೌರವೆರ್ ಲಾ ಭೀಮನ್ ನೀರ್ಡ್ ಮುರ್ಕುದುಪ್ಪುನ ತೂಯೆರ್ ಪಂದ್ ತೆರಿಪಾಯೆರ್. ಶೋಕದ ದಿನೊಕುಲು ಮುಗಿನಗ, ಒಂಜಿ ಅಂತ್ಯ ಸಂಸ್ಕಾರದ ಭೋಜನೊನು ಯೋಜಿಸಯೆರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ತಯಾರಿ ನಡತೊಂದು ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಅನಿರೀಕ್ಷಿತವಾದ್, ಭೀಮೆರ್ ನೀರ್ಡ್ದ್ ಪಿದಯಿ ಬತ್ತೆರ್, ನಾಗನಕುಲು ರಕ್ಷಣೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಉಂದೆತೊಟ್ಟುಗು, ಪರ್ಬೊದ ತಯಾರಿಲೆನ್ ರದ್ದು ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಆಂಡಲಾ, ಭೀಮೆಗ್ ಈ ನಿರ್ಧಾರೊಗು ಸಂತೋಷ ಇಜ್ಜಿ, ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಒಂಜಿ ಪೊಸ ಖಾದ್ಯೊನು ತಯಾರ್ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ ಮಾತಾ ತರಕಾರಿಲೆನ್ ಮಿಶ್ರಣ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ ನಿರ್ಧರಿಸಯೆರ್, ಉಂದು ನನೊಂಜಿ ಸರ್ತಿ ಅವಿಯಲ್ ಪಂಡ್ದ್ ಜನಪ್ರಿಯ ಆಂಡ್.
ಬೊಕ್ಕೊಂಜಿ ಜನಪ್ರಿಯ ಪಿರಾಕ್ದ ಕತೆ ಪಂಡ [[ಕೇರಳ]]ದ ಟ್ರಾವಂಕೂರು ರಾಜ್ಯೊಡು ಅರಸು ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಮಲ್ಲ ಪರ್ಬ ಉಂಡು. ರಾಜ್ಯೊಡು ಪ್ರತಿಯೊರಿಲಾ ಊಟೊಗು ಬತ್ತೆರ್ ಅಂಚಾದ್ ಸರ್ವ್ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ ಕಜಿಪುದ ಕೊರತೆ ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಆಂಡ ಅಡುಗೆಮನೆಟ್ ಲಾ ಸ್ಟಾಕ್ಸ್ ಕಮ್ಮಿ ಆದಿತ್ತ್ಂಡ್ ಅಂಚಾದ್ ರಾಜೆ ಅಡುಗೆಮನೆಗ್ ಪೋನಗ ಅವು ಚೋಲಿ ದೆಪ್ಪುನಗ ಮಸ್ತ್ ತರಕಾರಿಲು ವ್ಯರ್ಥ ಆಪುಂಡು ಪಂಡ್ದ್ ತೆರಿಂಡ್. ರಾಜೆ ಅಡುಗೆಗ್ ಕೆಲವು ಬೇತೆ ಸಾಮಗ್ರಿಲೆನೊಟ್ಟುಗು ಒಂಜಿ ಕರಿ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ ಆದೇಶ ಕೊರ್ತೆರ್ ಅಂಚಾದ್ ಅವಿಯಲ್ ಪುಟ್ಟ್ಂಡು. ಅವೆನ್ ಸುರುತ ವಸ್ತು ಆದ್ ಬಲಸೊಡು ಪಂದ್ ಅರಸುಲಾ ಅಪ್ಪಣೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಅಂಚಾದ್ ಅವಿಯಲ್ ನ್ ಸದ್ಯಡ್ ಸರ್ವ್ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಸುರುತ ವಸ್ತು.<ref>https://food.ndtv.com/food-drinks/avial-the-dish-some-say-was-invented-by-one-of-the-pandavas-1783939{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
== ಉಲ್ಲೇಕೊ ==
<nowiki>[[ವರ್ಗ:Kerala Culture Month 2026]]</nowiki>
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{{#invoke:Track listing|main}}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check
|unknown = {{main other|[[Category:Pages using track listing with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}
| preview = Page using [[Template:Track listing]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"
| ignoreblank = 1
| showblankpositional = 1
| all_lyrics | all_music | all_writing | extra_column | extra_width | width | headline | lyrics_width | music_width | title_width | total_length | writing_width
| regexp1 = extra[%d][%d]*
| regexp2 = length[%d][%d]*
| regexp3 = lyrics[%d][%d]*
| regexp4 = music[%d][%d]*
| regexp5 = note[%d][%d]*
| regexp6 = title[%d][%d]*
| regexp7 = writer[%d][%d]*
}}{{main other|{{#if:{{{collapsed|}}}|[[Category:Track listings that use the collapsed parameter]]}}}}<noinclude>
{{documentation}}
</noinclude>
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{{#invoke:Track listing|main}}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check
|unknown = {{main other|[[Category:Pages using track listing with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}
| preview = Page using [[Template:Track listing]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"
| ignoreblank = 1
| showblankpositional = 1
| all_lyrics | all_music | all_writing | extra_column | extra_width | width | headline | lyrics_width | music_width | title_width | total_length | writing_width
| regexp1 = extra[%d][%d]*
| regexp2 = length[%d][%d]*
| regexp3 = lyrics[%d][%d]*
| regexp4 = music[%d][%d]*
| regexp5 = note[%d][%d]*
| regexp6 = title[%d][%d]*
| regexp7 = writer[%d][%d]*
}}{{main other|{{#if:{{{collapsed|}}}|[[Category:Track listings that use the collapsed parameter]]}}}}<noinclude>
{{documentation}}
</noinclude>
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local yesno = require('Module:Yesno')
local checkType = require('libraryUtil').checkType
local cfg = mw.loadData('Module:Track listing/configuration')
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Helper functions
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Add a mixin to a class.
local function addMixin(class, mixin)
for k, v in pairs(mixin) do
if k ~= 'init' then
class[k] = v
end
end
end
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Validation mixin
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
local Validation = {}
function Validation.init(self)
self.warnings = {}
self.categories = {}
end
function Validation:addWarning(msg, category)
table.insert(self.warnings, msg)
table.insert(self.categories, category)
end
function Validation:addCategory(category)
table.insert(self.categories, category)
end
function Validation:getWarnings()
return self.warnings
end
function Validation:getCategories()
return self.categories
end
-- Validate a track length. If a track length is invalid, a warning is added.
-- A type error is raised if the length is not of type string or nil.
function Validation:validateLength(length)
checkType('validateLength', 1, length, 'string', true)
if length == nil then
-- Do nothing if no length specified
return nil
end
local hours, minutes, seconds
-- Try to match times like "1:23:45".
hours, minutes, seconds = length:match('^(%d+):(%d%d):(%d%d)$')
if hours and hours:sub(1, 1) == '0' then
-- Disallow times like "0:12:34"
self:addWarning(
string.format(cfg.leading_0_in_hours, mw.text.nowiki(length)),
cfg.input_error_category
)
return nil
end
if not seconds then
-- The previous attempt didn't match. Try to match times like "1:23".
minutes, seconds = length:match('^(%d?%d):(%d%d)$')
if minutes and minutes:find('^0%d$') then
-- Special case to disallow lengths like "01:23". This check has to
-- be here so that lengths like "1:01:23" are still allowed.
self:addWarning(
string.format(cfg.leading_0_in_minutes, mw.text.nowiki(length)),
cfg.input_error_category
)
return nil
end
end
-- Add a warning and return if we did not find a match.
if not seconds then
self:addWarning(
string.format(cfg.not_a_time, mw.text.nowiki(length)),
cfg.input_error_category
)
return nil
end
-- Check that the minutes are less than 60 if we have an hours field.
if hours and tonumber(minutes) >= 60 then
self:addWarning(
string.format(cfg.more_than_60_minutes, mw.text.nowiki(length)),
cfg.input_error_category
)
return nil
end
-- Check that the seconds are less than 60
if tonumber(seconds) >= 60 then
self:addWarning(
string.format(cfg.more_than_60_seconds, mw.text.nowiki(length)),
cfg.input_error_category
)
end
return nil
end
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Track class
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
local Track = {}
Track.__index = Track
addMixin(Track, Validation)
Track.fields = cfg.track_field_names
Track.cellMethods = {
number = 'makeNumberCell',
title = 'makeTitleCell',
writer = 'makeWriterCell',
lyrics = 'makeLyricsCell',
music = 'makeMusicCell',
extra = 'makeExtraCell',
length = 'makeLengthCell',
}
function Track.new(data)
local self = setmetatable({}, Track)
Validation.init(self)
for field in pairs(Track.fields) do
self[field] = data[field]
end
self.number = assert(tonumber(self.number))
self:validateLength(self.length)
return self
end
function Track:getLyricsCredit()
return self.lyrics
end
function Track:getMusicCredit()
return self.music
end
function Track:getWriterCredit()
return self.writer
end
function Track:getExtraField()
return self.extra
end
-- Note: called with single dot syntax
function Track.makeSimpleCell(wikitext)
return mw.html.create('td')
:wikitext(wikitext or cfg.blank_cell)
end
function Track:makeNumberCell()
return mw.html.create('th')
:attr('id', string.format(cfg.track_id, self.number))
:attr('scope', 'row')
:wikitext(string.format(cfg.number_terminated, self.number))
end
function Track:makeTitleCell()
local titleCell = mw.html.create('td')
titleCell:wikitext(
self.title and string.format(cfg.track_title, self.title) or cfg.untitled
)
if self.note then
titleCell:wikitext(string.format(cfg.note, self.note))
end
return titleCell
end
function Track:makeWriterCell()
return Track.makeSimpleCell(self.writer)
end
function Track:makeLyricsCell()
return Track.makeSimpleCell(self.lyrics)
end
function Track:makeMusicCell()
return Track.makeSimpleCell(self.music)
end
function Track:makeExtraCell()
return Track.makeSimpleCell(self.extra)
end
function Track:makeLengthCell()
return mw.html.create('td')
:addClass('tracklist-length')
:wikitext(self.length or cfg.blank_cell)
end
function Track:exportRow(columns)
local columns = columns or {}
local row = mw.html.create('tr')
for i, column in ipairs(columns) do
local method = Track.cellMethods[column]
if method then
row:node(self[method](self))
end
end
return row
end
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- TrackListing class
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
local TrackListing = {}
TrackListing.__index = TrackListing
addMixin(TrackListing, Validation)
TrackListing.fields = cfg.track_listing_field_names
TrackListing.deprecatedFields = cfg.deprecated_track_listing_field_names
function TrackListing.new(data)
local self = setmetatable({}, TrackListing)
Validation.init(self)
-- Check for deprecated arguments
for deprecatedField in pairs(TrackListing.deprecatedFields) do
if data[deprecatedField] then
self:addCategory(cfg.deprecated_parameter_category)
break
end
end
-- Validate total length
if data.total_length then
self:validateLength(data.total_length)
end
-- Add properties
for field in pairs(TrackListing.fields) do
self[field] = data[field]
end
-- Evaluate boolean properties
self.showCategories = yesno(self.category) ~= false
self.category = nil
-- Make track objects
self.tracks = {}
for i, trackData in ipairs(data.tracks or {}) do
table.insert(self.tracks, Track.new(trackData))
end
-- Find which of the optional columns we have.
-- We could just check every column for every track object, but that would
-- be no fun^H^H^H^H^H^H inefficient, so we use four different strategies
-- to try and check only as many columns and track objects as necessary.
do
local optionalColumns = {}
local columnMethods = {
lyrics = 'getLyricsCredit',
music = 'getMusicCredit',
writer = 'getWriterCredit',
extra = 'getExtraField',
}
local doneWriterCheck = false
for i, trackObj in ipairs(self.tracks) do
for column, method in pairs(columnMethods) do
if trackObj[method](trackObj) then
optionalColumns[column] = true
columnMethods[column] = nil
end
end
if not doneWriterCheck and optionalColumns.writer then
doneWriterCheck = true
optionalColumns.lyrics = nil
optionalColumns.music = nil
columnMethods.lyrics = nil
columnMethods.music = nil
end
if not next(columnMethods) then
break
end
end
self.optionalColumns = optionalColumns
end
return self
end
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Function for automatic punctuation for parameters:
-- all_writing, all_lyrics, all_music
-- Punctuation defaults to '.' unless ':' or '.' already exist
-- Automatic punctuation limited to parameter values not containing parser tags
-- i.e. <ref>Text</ref>, <nowiki></nowiki>, etc.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
function fullstop(a)
if a ~= mw.text.killMarkers(mw.getCurrentFrame():preprocess(a)) or
a:sub(-1,-1) == ":" or
a:sub(-1,-1) == "." then
return a
else
return a .. '.'
end
end
function TrackListing:makeIntro()
if self.all_writing then
return string.format(cfg.tracks_written, fullstop(self.all_writing))
elseif self.all_lyrics and self.all_music then
return mw.message.newRawMessage(
cfg.lyrics_written_music_composed,
self.all_lyrics,
fullstop(self.all_music)
):plain()
elseif self.all_lyrics then
return string.format(cfg.lyrics_written, fullstop(self.all_lyrics))
elseif self.all_music then
return string.format(cfg.music_composed, fullstop(self.all_music))
else
return nil
end
end
function TrackListing:renderTrackingCategories()
if not self.showCategories or mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace ~= 0 then
return ''
end
local ret = ''
local function addCategory(cat)
ret = ret .. string.format('[[Category:%s]]', cat)
end
for i, category in ipairs(self:getCategories()) do
addCategory(category)
end
for i, track in ipairs(self.tracks) do
for j, category in ipairs(track:getCategories()) do
addCategory(category)
end
end
return ret
end
function TrackListing:renderWarnings()
if not cfg.show_warnings then
return ''
end
local ret = {}
local function addWarning(msg)
table.insert(ret, string.format(cfg.track_listing_error, msg))
end
for i, warning in ipairs(self:getWarnings()) do
addWarning(warning)
end
for i, track in ipairs(self.tracks) do
for j, warning in ipairs(track:getWarnings()) do
addWarning(warning)
end
end
return table.concat(ret, '<br>')
end
function TrackListing:__tostring()
-- Root of the output
local root = mw.html.create('div')
:addClass('track-listing')
local intro = self:makeIntro()
if intro then
root:tag('p')
:wikitext(intro)
:done()
end
-- Start of track listing table
local tableRoot = mw.html.create('table')
tableRoot
:addClass('tracklist')
-- Overall table width
if self.width then
tableRoot
:css('width', self.width)
end
-- Header row
if self.headline then
tableRoot:tag('caption')
:wikitext(self.headline or cfg.track_listing)
end
-- Headers
local headerRow = tableRoot:tag('tr')
---- Track number
headerRow
:tag('th')
:addClass('tracklist-number-header')
:attr('scope', 'col')
:tag('abbr')
:attr('title', cfg.number)
:wikitext(cfg.number_abbr)
-- Find columns to output
local columns = {'number', 'title'}
if self.optionalColumns.writer then
columns[#columns + 1] = 'writer'
else
if self.optionalColumns.lyrics then
columns[#columns + 1] = 'lyrics'
end
if self.optionalColumns.music then
columns[#columns + 1] = 'music'
end
end
if self.optionalColumns.extra then
columns[#columns + 1] = 'extra'
end
columns[#columns + 1] = 'length'
-- Find column width
local nColumns = #columns
local nOptionalColumns = nColumns - 3
local titleColumnWidth = 100
if nColumns >= 5 then
titleColumnWidth = 40
elseif nColumns >= 4 then
titleColumnWidth = 60
end
local optionalColumnWidth = ((100 - titleColumnWidth) / nOptionalColumns) .. '%'
titleColumnWidth = titleColumnWidth .. '%'
---- Title column
headerRow:tag('th')
:attr('scope', 'col')
:css('width', self.title_width or titleColumnWidth)
:wikitext(cfg.title)
---- Optional headers: writer, lyrics, music, and extra
local function addOptionalHeader(field, headerText, width)
if self.optionalColumns[field] then
headerRow:tag('th')
:attr('scope', 'col')
:css('width', width or optionalColumnWidth)
:wikitext(headerText)
end
end
addOptionalHeader('writer', cfg.writer, self.writing_width)
addOptionalHeader('lyrics', cfg.lyrics, self.lyrics_width)
addOptionalHeader('music', cfg.music, self.music_width)
addOptionalHeader(
'extra',
self.extra_column or cfg.extra,
self.extra_width
)
---- Track length
headerRow:tag('th')
:addClass('tracklist-length-header')
:attr('scope', 'col')
:wikitext(cfg.length)
-- Tracks
for i, track in ipairs(self.tracks) do
tableRoot:node(track:exportRow(columns))
end
-- Total length
if self.total_length then
tableRoot
:tag('tr')
:addClass('tracklist-total-length')
:tag('th')
:attr('colspan', nColumns - 1)
:attr('scope', 'row')
:tag('span')
:wikitext(cfg.total_length)
:done()
:done()
:tag('td')
:wikitext(self.total_length)
end
root:node(tableRoot)
-- Warnings and tracking categories
root:wikitext(self:renderWarnings())
root:wikitext(self:renderTrackingCategories())
return mw.getCurrentFrame():extensionTag{
name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = 'Module:Track listing/styles.css' }
} .. tostring(root)
end
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Exports
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
local p = {}
function p._main(args)
-- Process numerical args so that we can iterate through them.
local data, tracks = {}, {}
for k, v in pairs(args) do
if type(k) == 'string' then
local prefix, num = k:match('^(%D.-)(%d+)$')
if prefix and Track.fields[prefix] and (num == '0' or num:sub(1, 1) ~= '0') then
-- Allow numbers like 0, 1, 2 ..., but not 00, 01, 02...,
-- 000, 001, 002... etc.
num = tonumber(num)
tracks[num] = tracks[num] or {}
tracks[num][prefix] = v
else
data[k] = v
end
end
end
data.tracks = (function (t)
-- Compress sparse array
local ret = {}
for num, trackData in pairs(t) do
trackData.number = num
table.insert(ret, trackData)
end
table.sort(ret, function (t1, t2)
return t1.number < t2.number
end)
return ret
end)(tracks)
return tostring(TrackListing.new(data))
end
function p.main(frame)
local args = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs(frame, {
wrappers = 'Template:Track listing'
})
return p._main(args)
end
return p
lrj6spdtc78eucnvzyhraow94vlllvu
363539
363538
2026-07-30T15:36:31Z
ChiK
1136
೧ revisions imported from [[:en:Module:Track_listing]]
363538
Scribunto
text/plain
local yesno = require('Module:Yesno')
local checkType = require('libraryUtil').checkType
local cfg = mw.loadData('Module:Track listing/configuration')
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Helper functions
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Add a mixin to a class.
local function addMixin(class, mixin)
for k, v in pairs(mixin) do
if k ~= 'init' then
class[k] = v
end
end
end
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Validation mixin
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
local Validation = {}
function Validation.init(self)
self.warnings = {}
self.categories = {}
end
function Validation:addWarning(msg, category)
table.insert(self.warnings, msg)
table.insert(self.categories, category)
end
function Validation:addCategory(category)
table.insert(self.categories, category)
end
function Validation:getWarnings()
return self.warnings
end
function Validation:getCategories()
return self.categories
end
-- Validate a track length. If a track length is invalid, a warning is added.
-- A type error is raised if the length is not of type string or nil.
function Validation:validateLength(length)
checkType('validateLength', 1, length, 'string', true)
if length == nil then
-- Do nothing if no length specified
return nil
end
local hours, minutes, seconds
-- Try to match times like "1:23:45".
hours, minutes, seconds = length:match('^(%d+):(%d%d):(%d%d)$')
if hours and hours:sub(1, 1) == '0' then
-- Disallow times like "0:12:34"
self:addWarning(
string.format(cfg.leading_0_in_hours, mw.text.nowiki(length)),
cfg.input_error_category
)
return nil
end
if not seconds then
-- The previous attempt didn't match. Try to match times like "1:23".
minutes, seconds = length:match('^(%d?%d):(%d%d)$')
if minutes and minutes:find('^0%d$') then
-- Special case to disallow lengths like "01:23". This check has to
-- be here so that lengths like "1:01:23" are still allowed.
self:addWarning(
string.format(cfg.leading_0_in_minutes, mw.text.nowiki(length)),
cfg.input_error_category
)
return nil
end
end
-- Add a warning and return if we did not find a match.
if not seconds then
self:addWarning(
string.format(cfg.not_a_time, mw.text.nowiki(length)),
cfg.input_error_category
)
return nil
end
-- Check that the minutes are less than 60 if we have an hours field.
if hours and tonumber(minutes) >= 60 then
self:addWarning(
string.format(cfg.more_than_60_minutes, mw.text.nowiki(length)),
cfg.input_error_category
)
return nil
end
-- Check that the seconds are less than 60
if tonumber(seconds) >= 60 then
self:addWarning(
string.format(cfg.more_than_60_seconds, mw.text.nowiki(length)),
cfg.input_error_category
)
end
return nil
end
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Track class
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
local Track = {}
Track.__index = Track
addMixin(Track, Validation)
Track.fields = cfg.track_field_names
Track.cellMethods = {
number = 'makeNumberCell',
title = 'makeTitleCell',
writer = 'makeWriterCell',
lyrics = 'makeLyricsCell',
music = 'makeMusicCell',
extra = 'makeExtraCell',
length = 'makeLengthCell',
}
function Track.new(data)
local self = setmetatable({}, Track)
Validation.init(self)
for field in pairs(Track.fields) do
self[field] = data[field]
end
self.number = assert(tonumber(self.number))
self:validateLength(self.length)
return self
end
function Track:getLyricsCredit()
return self.lyrics
end
function Track:getMusicCredit()
return self.music
end
function Track:getWriterCredit()
return self.writer
end
function Track:getExtraField()
return self.extra
end
-- Note: called with single dot syntax
function Track.makeSimpleCell(wikitext)
return mw.html.create('td')
:wikitext(wikitext or cfg.blank_cell)
end
function Track:makeNumberCell()
return mw.html.create('th')
:attr('id', string.format(cfg.track_id, self.number))
:attr('scope', 'row')
:wikitext(string.format(cfg.number_terminated, self.number))
end
function Track:makeTitleCell()
local titleCell = mw.html.create('td')
titleCell:wikitext(
self.title and string.format(cfg.track_title, self.title) or cfg.untitled
)
if self.note then
titleCell:wikitext(string.format(cfg.note, self.note))
end
return titleCell
end
function Track:makeWriterCell()
return Track.makeSimpleCell(self.writer)
end
function Track:makeLyricsCell()
return Track.makeSimpleCell(self.lyrics)
end
function Track:makeMusicCell()
return Track.makeSimpleCell(self.music)
end
function Track:makeExtraCell()
return Track.makeSimpleCell(self.extra)
end
function Track:makeLengthCell()
return mw.html.create('td')
:addClass('tracklist-length')
:wikitext(self.length or cfg.blank_cell)
end
function Track:exportRow(columns)
local columns = columns or {}
local row = mw.html.create('tr')
for i, column in ipairs(columns) do
local method = Track.cellMethods[column]
if method then
row:node(self[method](self))
end
end
return row
end
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- TrackListing class
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
local TrackListing = {}
TrackListing.__index = TrackListing
addMixin(TrackListing, Validation)
TrackListing.fields = cfg.track_listing_field_names
TrackListing.deprecatedFields = cfg.deprecated_track_listing_field_names
function TrackListing.new(data)
local self = setmetatable({}, TrackListing)
Validation.init(self)
-- Check for deprecated arguments
for deprecatedField in pairs(TrackListing.deprecatedFields) do
if data[deprecatedField] then
self:addCategory(cfg.deprecated_parameter_category)
break
end
end
-- Validate total length
if data.total_length then
self:validateLength(data.total_length)
end
-- Add properties
for field in pairs(TrackListing.fields) do
self[field] = data[field]
end
-- Evaluate boolean properties
self.showCategories = yesno(self.category) ~= false
self.category = nil
-- Make track objects
self.tracks = {}
for i, trackData in ipairs(data.tracks or {}) do
table.insert(self.tracks, Track.new(trackData))
end
-- Find which of the optional columns we have.
-- We could just check every column for every track object, but that would
-- be no fun^H^H^H^H^H^H inefficient, so we use four different strategies
-- to try and check only as many columns and track objects as necessary.
do
local optionalColumns = {}
local columnMethods = {
lyrics = 'getLyricsCredit',
music = 'getMusicCredit',
writer = 'getWriterCredit',
extra = 'getExtraField',
}
local doneWriterCheck = false
for i, trackObj in ipairs(self.tracks) do
for column, method in pairs(columnMethods) do
if trackObj[method](trackObj) then
optionalColumns[column] = true
columnMethods[column] = nil
end
end
if not doneWriterCheck and optionalColumns.writer then
doneWriterCheck = true
optionalColumns.lyrics = nil
optionalColumns.music = nil
columnMethods.lyrics = nil
columnMethods.music = nil
end
if not next(columnMethods) then
break
end
end
self.optionalColumns = optionalColumns
end
return self
end
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Function for automatic punctuation for parameters:
-- all_writing, all_lyrics, all_music
-- Punctuation defaults to '.' unless ':' or '.' already exist
-- Automatic punctuation limited to parameter values not containing parser tags
-- i.e. <ref>Text</ref>, <nowiki></nowiki>, etc.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
function fullstop(a)
if a ~= mw.text.killMarkers(mw.getCurrentFrame():preprocess(a)) or
a:sub(-1,-1) == ":" or
a:sub(-1,-1) == "." then
return a
else
return a .. '.'
end
end
function TrackListing:makeIntro()
if self.all_writing then
return string.format(cfg.tracks_written, fullstop(self.all_writing))
elseif self.all_lyrics and self.all_music then
return mw.message.newRawMessage(
cfg.lyrics_written_music_composed,
self.all_lyrics,
fullstop(self.all_music)
):plain()
elseif self.all_lyrics then
return string.format(cfg.lyrics_written, fullstop(self.all_lyrics))
elseif self.all_music then
return string.format(cfg.music_composed, fullstop(self.all_music))
else
return nil
end
end
function TrackListing:renderTrackingCategories()
if not self.showCategories or mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace ~= 0 then
return ''
end
local ret = ''
local function addCategory(cat)
ret = ret .. string.format('[[Category:%s]]', cat)
end
for i, category in ipairs(self:getCategories()) do
addCategory(category)
end
for i, track in ipairs(self.tracks) do
for j, category in ipairs(track:getCategories()) do
addCategory(category)
end
end
return ret
end
function TrackListing:renderWarnings()
if not cfg.show_warnings then
return ''
end
local ret = {}
local function addWarning(msg)
table.insert(ret, string.format(cfg.track_listing_error, msg))
end
for i, warning in ipairs(self:getWarnings()) do
addWarning(warning)
end
for i, track in ipairs(self.tracks) do
for j, warning in ipairs(track:getWarnings()) do
addWarning(warning)
end
end
return table.concat(ret, '<br>')
end
function TrackListing:__tostring()
-- Root of the output
local root = mw.html.create('div')
:addClass('track-listing')
local intro = self:makeIntro()
if intro then
root:tag('p')
:wikitext(intro)
:done()
end
-- Start of track listing table
local tableRoot = mw.html.create('table')
tableRoot
:addClass('tracklist')
-- Overall table width
if self.width then
tableRoot
:css('width', self.width)
end
-- Header row
if self.headline then
tableRoot:tag('caption')
:wikitext(self.headline or cfg.track_listing)
end
-- Headers
local headerRow = tableRoot:tag('tr')
---- Track number
headerRow
:tag('th')
:addClass('tracklist-number-header')
:attr('scope', 'col')
:tag('abbr')
:attr('title', cfg.number)
:wikitext(cfg.number_abbr)
-- Find columns to output
local columns = {'number', 'title'}
if self.optionalColumns.writer then
columns[#columns + 1] = 'writer'
else
if self.optionalColumns.lyrics then
columns[#columns + 1] = 'lyrics'
end
if self.optionalColumns.music then
columns[#columns + 1] = 'music'
end
end
if self.optionalColumns.extra then
columns[#columns + 1] = 'extra'
end
columns[#columns + 1] = 'length'
-- Find column width
local nColumns = #columns
local nOptionalColumns = nColumns - 3
local titleColumnWidth = 100
if nColumns >= 5 then
titleColumnWidth = 40
elseif nColumns >= 4 then
titleColumnWidth = 60
end
local optionalColumnWidth = ((100 - titleColumnWidth) / nOptionalColumns) .. '%'
titleColumnWidth = titleColumnWidth .. '%'
---- Title column
headerRow:tag('th')
:attr('scope', 'col')
:css('width', self.title_width or titleColumnWidth)
:wikitext(cfg.title)
---- Optional headers: writer, lyrics, music, and extra
local function addOptionalHeader(field, headerText, width)
if self.optionalColumns[field] then
headerRow:tag('th')
:attr('scope', 'col')
:css('width', width or optionalColumnWidth)
:wikitext(headerText)
end
end
addOptionalHeader('writer', cfg.writer, self.writing_width)
addOptionalHeader('lyrics', cfg.lyrics, self.lyrics_width)
addOptionalHeader('music', cfg.music, self.music_width)
addOptionalHeader(
'extra',
self.extra_column or cfg.extra,
self.extra_width
)
---- Track length
headerRow:tag('th')
:addClass('tracklist-length-header')
:attr('scope', 'col')
:wikitext(cfg.length)
-- Tracks
for i, track in ipairs(self.tracks) do
tableRoot:node(track:exportRow(columns))
end
-- Total length
if self.total_length then
tableRoot
:tag('tr')
:addClass('tracklist-total-length')
:tag('th')
:attr('colspan', nColumns - 1)
:attr('scope', 'row')
:tag('span')
:wikitext(cfg.total_length)
:done()
:done()
:tag('td')
:wikitext(self.total_length)
end
root:node(tableRoot)
-- Warnings and tracking categories
root:wikitext(self:renderWarnings())
root:wikitext(self:renderTrackingCategories())
return mw.getCurrentFrame():extensionTag{
name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = 'Module:Track listing/styles.css' }
} .. tostring(root)
end
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Exports
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
local p = {}
function p._main(args)
-- Process numerical args so that we can iterate through them.
local data, tracks = {}, {}
for k, v in pairs(args) do
if type(k) == 'string' then
local prefix, num = k:match('^(%D.-)(%d+)$')
if prefix and Track.fields[prefix] and (num == '0' or num:sub(1, 1) ~= '0') then
-- Allow numbers like 0, 1, 2 ..., but not 00, 01, 02...,
-- 000, 001, 002... etc.
num = tonumber(num)
tracks[num] = tracks[num] or {}
tracks[num][prefix] = v
else
data[k] = v
end
end
end
data.tracks = (function (t)
-- Compress sparse array
local ret = {}
for num, trackData in pairs(t) do
trackData.number = num
table.insert(ret, trackData)
end
table.sort(ret, function (t1, t2)
return t1.number < t2.number
end)
return ret
end)(tracks)
return tostring(TrackListing.new(data))
end
function p.main(frame)
local args = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs(frame, {
wrappers = 'Template:Track listing'
})
return p._main(args)
end
return p
lrj6spdtc78eucnvzyhraow94vlllvu
ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Example needed
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27626
363540
2024-12-02T20:40:49Z
en>Tule-hog
0
add optional named 'plural' param
363540
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{ safesubst:<noinclude/>#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B=
{{Fix-span
|link = {{{link|WP:AUDIENCE}}}
|text = example{{#switch:{{{1|{{{plural|}}}}}}|yes|plural|pl|s=s}} needed
|title = {{delink|{{{reason|An editor has requested that {{#switch:{{{1|{{{plural|}}}}}}|yes|plural|pl|s=examples|an example}} be provided.}}}}}
|date = {{{date|}}}
|pre-text = {{{pre-text|}}}
|post-text = {{{post-text|}}}
|cat = [[Category:All articles needing examples]]
|cat-date = Category:Articles needing examples
|content = {{{text|}}}
}}
}}<noinclude>
{{documentation}}
</noinclude>
ccncqiqp9x97y40vjfty03l56uz3br6
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2026-07-30T15:36:32Z
ChiK
1136
೧ revisions imported from [[:en:Template:Example_needed]]
363540
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{ safesubst:<noinclude/>#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B=
{{Fix-span
|link = {{{link|WP:AUDIENCE}}}
|text = example{{#switch:{{{1|{{{plural|}}}}}}|yes|plural|pl|s=s}} needed
|title = {{delink|{{{reason|An editor has requested that {{#switch:{{{1|{{{plural|}}}}}}|yes|plural|pl|s=examples|an example}} be provided.}}}}}
|date = {{{date|}}}
|pre-text = {{{pre-text|}}}
|post-text = {{{post-text|}}}
|cat = [[Category:All articles needing examples]]
|cat-date = Category:Articles needing examples
|content = {{{text|}}}
}}
}}<noinclude>
{{documentation}}
</noinclude>
ccncqiqp9x97y40vjfty03l56uz3br6
ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Nihongo2
10
27627
363542
2026-02-21T12:57:41Z
en>Andrybak
0
Remove unnecessary color to make the link readable in dark more. Remove unnecessary CSS `text-decoration: none;`
363542
wikitext
text/x-wiki
<span class="t_nihongo_kanji">{{lang|ja|{{{1}}}}}</span>{{#ifeq:{{{help|}}}|yes|<span class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><sup>[[Help:Installing Japanese character sets|<span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="font: bold 80% sans-serif; padding: 0 .1em;">?</span>]]</sup></span>}}{{category handler
|main=[[Category:Articles containing Japanese-language text]]
}}<noinclude>
{{Documentation}}
</noinclude>
dgagp8yt7zqwr0ad6ygwikwncfrtv88
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ChiK
1136
೧ revisions imported from [[:en:Template:Nihongo2]]
363542
wikitext
text/x-wiki
<span class="t_nihongo_kanji">{{lang|ja|{{{1}}}}}</span>{{#ifeq:{{{help|}}}|yes|<span class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><sup>[[Help:Installing Japanese character sets|<span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="font: bold 80% sans-serif; padding: 0 .1em;">?</span>]]</sup></span>}}{{category handler
|main=[[Category:Articles containing Japanese-language text]]
}}<noinclude>
{{Documentation}}
</noinclude>
dgagp8yt7zqwr0ad6ygwikwncfrtv88
ಮೋಡ್ಯೂಲ್:Track listing/configuration
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2025-08-30T15:39:20Z
en>Zackmann08
0
No longer used
363548
Scribunto
text/plain
return {
show_warnings = false,
input_error_category = 'Track listings with input errors',
collapsed_parameter_category = 'Track listings that use the collapsed parameter ',
track_field_names = {
number = true,
title = true,
note = true,
length = true,
lyrics = true,
music = true,
writer = true,
extra = true,
},
track_listing_field_names = {
width = true,
headline = true,
all_writing = true,
all_lyrics = true,
all_music = true,
extra_column = true,
total_length = true,
title_width = true,
writing_width = true,
lyrics_width = true,
music_width = true,
extra_width = true,
category = true,
},
deprecated_track_listing_field_names = {
writing_credits = true,
lyrics_credits = true,
music_credits = true,
},
leading_0_in_hours = "Invalid time '%s' (times in format 'h:mm:ss' cannot start with zero)",
leading_0_in_minutes = "Invalid time '%s' (times in format 'mm:ss' cannot start with zero)",
not_a_time = "Invalid time '%s' (times must be in a format of 'm:ss', 'mm:ss' or 'h:mm:ss')",
more_than_60_minutes = "Invalid track length '%s' (if hours are specified, the number of minutes must be less than 60)",
more_than_60_seconds = "Invalid track length '%s' (number of seconds must be less than 60)",
tracks_written = 'All tracks are written by %s',
lyrics_written_music_composed = 'All lyrics are written by $1; all music is composed by $2',
lyrics_written = 'All lyrics are written by %s',
music_composed = 'All music is composed by %s',
track_listing_error = '<strong class="error">Track listing error: %s</strong>',
deprecated_collapsed = 'Deprecated collapsed parameter in use.',
title = 'Title',
number = 'Number',
number_abbr = 'No.',
track_listing = 'Track listing',
writer = 'Writer(s)',
lyrics = 'Lyrics',
music = 'Music',
extra = '{{{extra_column}}}',
length = 'Length',
blank_cell = ' ',
track_title = '"%s"',
untitled = 'Untitled',
note = ' (%s)',
track_id = 'track%d',
number_terminated = '%d.',
total_length = 'Total length:'
}
r6xkkevieczmcqg85lh2gpsvc9hnjzh
363549
363548
2026-07-30T15:36:33Z
ChiK
1136
೧ revisions imported from [[:en:Module:Track_listing/configuration]]
363548
Scribunto
text/plain
return {
show_warnings = false,
input_error_category = 'Track listings with input errors',
collapsed_parameter_category = 'Track listings that use the collapsed parameter ',
track_field_names = {
number = true,
title = true,
note = true,
length = true,
lyrics = true,
music = true,
writer = true,
extra = true,
},
track_listing_field_names = {
width = true,
headline = true,
all_writing = true,
all_lyrics = true,
all_music = true,
extra_column = true,
total_length = true,
title_width = true,
writing_width = true,
lyrics_width = true,
music_width = true,
extra_width = true,
category = true,
},
deprecated_track_listing_field_names = {
writing_credits = true,
lyrics_credits = true,
music_credits = true,
},
leading_0_in_hours = "Invalid time '%s' (times in format 'h:mm:ss' cannot start with zero)",
leading_0_in_minutes = "Invalid time '%s' (times in format 'mm:ss' cannot start with zero)",
not_a_time = "Invalid time '%s' (times must be in a format of 'm:ss', 'mm:ss' or 'h:mm:ss')",
more_than_60_minutes = "Invalid track length '%s' (if hours are specified, the number of minutes must be less than 60)",
more_than_60_seconds = "Invalid track length '%s' (number of seconds must be less than 60)",
tracks_written = 'All tracks are written by %s',
lyrics_written_music_composed = 'All lyrics are written by $1; all music is composed by $2',
lyrics_written = 'All lyrics are written by %s',
music_composed = 'All music is composed by %s',
track_listing_error = '<strong class="error">Track listing error: %s</strong>',
deprecated_collapsed = 'Deprecated collapsed parameter in use.',
title = 'Title',
number = 'Number',
number_abbr = 'No.',
track_listing = 'Track listing',
writer = 'Writer(s)',
lyrics = 'Lyrics',
music = 'Music',
extra = '{{{extra_column}}}',
length = 'Length',
blank_cell = ' ',
track_title = '"%s"',
untitled = 'Untitled',
note = ' (%s)',
track_id = 'track%d',
number_terminated = '%d.',
total_length = 'Total length:'
}
r6xkkevieczmcqg85lh2gpsvc9hnjzh
ಮೋಡ್ಯೂಲ್:Track listing/styles.css
828
27629
363550
2024-07-25T19:17:49Z
en>Stjn
0
a better colour adaptation instead of weird brown colour
363550
sanitized-css
text/css
/* {{pp|small=y}} */
.tracklist {
border-spacing: 0;
}
/* set on all rows we can set the total length row to transparent */
.tracklist tr {
background-color: var(--background-color-base, #fff);
}
.tracklist tr:nth-child(2n-1) {
background-color: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa);
}
.tracklist caption {
text-align: left;
font-weight: bold;
}
.tracklist td,
.tracklist th[scope="row"] {
vertical-align: top;
}
.tracklist th[scope="col"] {
text-align: left;
background-color: var(--background-color-neutral, #eaecf0);
}
.tracklist th.tracklist-length-header,
.tracklist th.tracklist-number-header,
.tracklist th[scope="row"],
.tracklist-length,
.tracklist-total-length td {
padding-right: 10px;
text-align: right;
}
.tracklist th[scope="row"] {
font-weight: normal;
}
.tracklist-number-header {
width: 2em;
padding-left: 10px;
}
.tracklist-length-header {
width: 4em;
}
.tracklist tr.tracklist-total-length {
background-color: transparent;
}
.tracklist .tracklist-total-length th {
padding: 0;
font-weight: bold;
}
.tracklist-total-length th > span {
float: right;
padding: 0 10px;
background-color: var(--background-color-neutral, #eaecf0);
}
.tracklist-total-length td {
background-color: var(--background-color-neutral, #eaecf0);
font-weight: bold;
padding: 0 10px 0 0;
}
lyvvn5gsd1tus12qivgnnacckrknzg4
363551
363550
2026-07-30T15:36:33Z
ChiK
1136
೧ revisions imported from [[:en:Module:Track_listing/styles.css]]
363550
sanitized-css
text/css
/* {{pp|small=y}} */
.tracklist {
border-spacing: 0;
}
/* set on all rows we can set the total length row to transparent */
.tracklist tr {
background-color: var(--background-color-base, #fff);
}
.tracklist tr:nth-child(2n-1) {
background-color: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa);
}
.tracklist caption {
text-align: left;
font-weight: bold;
}
.tracklist td,
.tracklist th[scope="row"] {
vertical-align: top;
}
.tracklist th[scope="col"] {
text-align: left;
background-color: var(--background-color-neutral, #eaecf0);
}
.tracklist th.tracklist-length-header,
.tracklist th.tracklist-number-header,
.tracklist th[scope="row"],
.tracklist-length,
.tracklist-total-length td {
padding-right: 10px;
text-align: right;
}
.tracklist th[scope="row"] {
font-weight: normal;
}
.tracklist-number-header {
width: 2em;
padding-left: 10px;
}
.tracklist-length-header {
width: 4em;
}
.tracklist tr.tracklist-total-length {
background-color: transparent;
}
.tracklist .tracklist-total-length th {
padding: 0;
font-weight: bold;
}
.tracklist-total-length th > span {
float: right;
padding: 0 10px;
background-color: var(--background-color-neutral, #eaecf0);
}
.tracklist-total-length td {
background-color: var(--background-color-neutral, #eaecf0);
font-weight: bold;
padding: 0 10px 0 0;
}
lyvvn5gsd1tus12qivgnnacckrknzg4
ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Track listing/doc
10
27630
363552
2026-06-17T22:48:34Z
en>MyraMidnight
0
seems to have been a typo there for music0 to suggest people use all_writing parameter instead
363552
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{Documentation subpage}}
<!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE -->
{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox||{{High-use}}}}
{{lua|Module:Track listing}}
{{Bot use warning|bots=[[User:cewbot/log/20201008/configuration]]}}
This template is an optional way to organize track listings in articles about albums and singles. Please refer to [[MOS:VAR]] and [[WP:ALBUMSTYLE#Style and form]] for maintaining existing styles on pages that do not currently use this template. Total lengths can be calculated and added automatically, using the [[WP:USERSCRIPT|custom userscript]] at [[User:JPxG/TrackSum.js]].{{Example needed}}
==Usage==
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="overflow:auto;">
{{Track listing
| headline =
| extra_column =
| total_length =
| all_writing =
| all_lyrics =
| all_music =
| width =
| title_width =
| writing_width =
| music_width =
| lyrics_width =
| extra_width =
| title1 =
| note1 =
| writer1 =
| lyrics1 =
| music1 =
| extra1 =
| length1 =
...
}}
</syntaxhighlight>
{{Collapse top|title=Empty template with 20 tracks for copy-pasting}}
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="overflow:auto;">
{{Track listing
| headline =
| extra_column =
| total_length =
| all_writing =
| all_lyrics =
| all_music =
| title_width =
| writing_width =
| music_width =
| lyrics_width =
| extra_width =
| title1 =
| note1 =
| writer1 =
| lyrics1 =
| music1 =
| extra1 =
| length1 =
| title2 =
| note2 =
| writer2 =
| lyrics2 =
| music2 =
| extra2 =
| length2 =
| title3 =
| note3 =
| writer3 =
| lyrics3 =
| music3 =
| extra3 =
| length3 =
| title4 =
| note4 =
| writer4 =
| lyrics4 =
| music4 =
| extra4 =
| length4 =
| title5 =
| note5 =
| writer5 =
| lyrics5 =
| music5 =
| extra5 =
| length5 =
| title6 =
| note6 =
| writer6 =
| lyrics6 =
| music6 =
| extra6 =
| length6 =
| title7 =
| note7 =
| writer7 =
| lyrics7 =
| music7 =
| extra7 =
| length7 =
| title8 =
| note8 =
| writer8 =
| lyrics8 =
| music8 =
| extra8 =
| length8 =
| title9 =
| note9 =
| writer9 =
| lyrics9 =
| music9 =
| extra9 =
| length9 =
| title10 =
| note10 =
| writer10 =
| lyrics10 =
| music10 =
| extra10 =
| length10 =
| title11 =
| note11 =
| writer11 =
| lyrics11 =
| music11 =
| extra11 =
| length11 =
| title12 =
| note12 =
| writer12 =
| lyrics12 =
| music12 =
| extra12 =
| length12 =
| title13 =
| note13 =
| writer13 =
| lyrics13 =
| music13 =
| extra13 =
| length13 =
| title14 =
| note14 =
| writer14 =
| lyrics14 =
| music14 =
| extra14 =
| length14 =
| title15 =
| note15 =
| writer15 =
| lyrics15 =
| music15 =
| extra15 =
| length15 =
| title16 =
| note16 =
| writer16 =
| lyrics16 =
| music16 =
| extra16 =
| length16 =
| title17 =
| note17 =
| writer17 =
| lyrics17 =
| music17 =
| extra17 =
| length17 =
| title18 =
| note18 =
| writer18 =
| lyrics18 =
| music18 =
| extra18 =
| length18 =
| title19 =
| note19 =
| writer19 =
| lyrics19 =
| music19 =
| extra19 =
| length19 =
| title20 =
| note20 =
| writer20 =
| lyrics20 =
| music20 =
| extra20 =
| length20 =
...
}}
</syntaxhighlight>
{{Collapse bottom}}
{{Collapse top|title=Shortened empty template with 20 tracks for copy-pasting}}
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="overflow:auto;">
{{Track listing
| headline =
| extra_column =
| total_length =
| all_writing =
| all_lyrics =
| all_music =
| title1 =
| length1 =
| title2 =
| length2 =
| title3 =
| length3 =
| title4 =
| length4 =
| title5 =
| length5 =
| title6 =
| length6 =
| title7 =
| length7 =
| title8 =
| length8 =
| title9 =
| length9 =
| title10 =
| length10 =
| title11 =
| length11 =
| title12 =
| length12 =
| title13 =
| length13 =
| title14 =
| length14 =
| title15 =
| length15 =
| title16 =
| length16 =
| title17 =
| length17 =
| title18 =
| length18 =
| title19 =
| length19 =
| title20 =
| length20 =
}}
</syntaxhighlight>
{{Collapse bottom}}
==Parameters==
{| class="wikitable"
|+Template parameters
| style="width:130px" | Parameter
! Description
|-
| {{para|headline}}
| A headline in the form of a table caption, to denote sides/disc numbers of an album (e.g. {{kbd|Side A}}, {{kbd|Disc 3}}, etc.) or in case of some works, special groups or cycles of songs. Table captions are required for accessibility, so if there are not divisions like those mentioned, text like "''[Album Name]'' track listing" is appropriate.
|-
| {{para|extra_column}}
| Used to both enable and set the header for an additional column to hold per-track information. If this option is not used, no extra column will be shown. Use sparingly, in order to keep the overall column count to a minimum and if the respective type of data is not available for most tracks consider using the <code>note</code> fields instead. Some suggested headers: {{kbd|Artist}} ([[Compilation album|compilation]]s), {{kbd|Original artist}} ([[Cover version|cover]] albums), {{kbd|Producer(s)}}, {{kbd|Remixer(s)}} ([[remix album]]s).
|-
| {{para|total_length}}
| Used to display the total length of the record at the bottom of the list. It should be specified in minutes and seconds, even if it is longer than one hour, for example 74:23. This can be calculated manually, using {{tl|Track listing total length}}, or inserted automatically with one click if you install the [[WP:USERSCRIPT|custom userscript]] at [[User:JPxG/TrackSum.js]].
|-
| {{para|all_writing}}<br />{{para|all_lyrics}}<br />{{para|all_music}}
| Used to display general songwriting credits for the entire record in a note above the track listing. If <code>all_writing</code> is supplied, the other two parameters are ignored.
The value for this parameter is preceded by "All tracks are written by " or "All lyrics are written by " or "All music is composed by ", depending on the parameter that is used. Provide terminal punctuation and any references in the parameter value, if desired.
|-
| {{para|width}}
| An optional parameter to set the overall width of the table. The value must include the "%" sign. Upon default exclusion, the default width of the table will extend to 100% of the page width.
|-
|{{para|title_width}}<br />{{para|writing_width}}<br />{{para|music_width}}<br />{{para|lyrics_width}}<br />{{para|extra_width}}
| Include these parameters to override the default column widths (e.g. {{para|title_width|30%}}). '''Note:''' If the width of a column is overridden, the width of all other columns used in the table must be also overridden for it to appear correctly.
|-
| {{para|title{{var|N}}}}
| (i.e. <code>title1</code>, <code>title2</code>, etc.) The title of the respective track. Note that a track listing does not have to start with a #1 or continue with 1, 2, 3... order (e.g. for having side B of an LP start at track six or leaving out empty tracks preceding a bonus track). Track names are automatically put into quotes, unless the field is left empty, in which case the track name will display as {{samp|Untitled}} (without quotes). This is used for when no title is given to a track in any form on the album or media that is officially related to the album.
|-
| {{para|note{{var|N}}}}
| (i.e. <code>note1</code>, <code>note2</code>, etc.) An optional note to be displayed in parentheses behind the title. Useful for original titles in other languages/scripts (e.g. kanji) or to denote bonus tracks only included in certain editions. Keep notes short. Excessive commentary disrupts the flow of the track listing, which should be easily scannable.
|-
| {{para|writer{{var|N}}}}
| (i.e. <code>writer1</code>, <code>writer2</code>, etc.) Use to denote the writer(s) of individual tracks. Avoid redundancy: if all or most tracks on a record were written by the same person(s), consider using the <code>all_writing</code> option and using the <code>note{{var|N}}</code> options for any exceptions.
|-
| {{para|lyrics{{var|N}}}}<br />{{para|music{{var|N}}}}
| (i.e. <code>lyrics1</code>, <code>music1</code>, <code>lyrics2</code>, <code>music2</code>, etc.) Use to denote the lyricist(s) and composer(s) of individual tracks. If most tracks are written by the same people, you can use the <code>all_lyrics</code> and <code>all_music</code> options instead, and use the <code>note{{var|N}}</code> options for exceptions. Note that if any <code>writer{{var|N}}</code> options are specified, all <code>lyrics{{var|N}}</code> and <code>music{{var|N}}</code> options will be ignored, and the Lyrics and Music columns will not be displayed.
|-
| {{para|extra{{var|N}}}}
| (i.e. <code>extra1</code>, <code>extra2</code>, etc.) Holds the content of the user-set column for the respective track ''(see <code>extra_column</code>)''.
|-
| {{para|length{{var|N}}}}
| (i.e. <code>length1</code>, <code>length2</code>, etc.) The length of the track in a {{var|m:ss}} formatting (or {{var|mm:ss}} or even {{var|h:mm:ss}} if particularly long tracks occur). For example: {{kbd|4:35}}
|}
The {{para|collapsed}} parameter is {{strongbad|deprecated}}. This was intended for very long lists or pages with several lists. {{strong|Do not use this in mainspace}} (articles), per [[MOS:DONTHIDE]] and [[MOS:ACCESSIBILITY]]. Doing so breaks all of the following: 1) in-page searching, 2) screen readers, 3) mobile accessibility to the content, 4) browsers without Javascript (or with it temporarily disabled), 5) various [[WP:REUSE|reuse]] of Wikipedia content. Use of this parameter will add the article to [[:Category:Track listings that use the collapsed parameter]]. [[Template talk:Track listing/Archive 13|Consensus was to remove this feature in 2014]].
==Examples==
===''[[The Beatles (album)|The Beatles]]'' ("the White Album") by [[the Beatles]]===
The ''headline'' option:
{{Track listing
| headline = Side one
| extra_column = Lead vocals
| total_length = 23:43
| title1 = [[Back in the U.S.S.R.]]
| extra1 = McCartney
| length1 = 2:43
| title2 = [[Dear Prudence]]
| extra2 = Lennon
| length2 = 3:56
| title3 = [[Glass Onion (song)|Glass Onion]]
| extra3 = Lennon
| length3 = 2:18
| title4 = [[Ob-La-Di, Ob-La-Da]]
| extra4 = McCartney
| length4 = 3:08
| title5 = [[Wild Honey Pie]]
| extra5 = McCartney
| length5 = 0:52
| title6 = [[The Continuing Story of Bungalow Bill]]
| extra6 = Lennon, with [[Yoko Ono]]
| length6 = 3:14
| title7 = [[While My Guitar Gently Weeps]]
| note7 = [[George Harrison]]
| extra7 = Harrison
| length7 = 4:45
| title8 = [[Happiness Is a Warm Gun]]
| extra8 = Lennon
| length8 = 2:47
}}
{{Track listing
| headline = Side two
| extra_column = Lead vocals
| total_length = 22:41
| title1 = [[Martha My Dear]]
| extra1 = McCartney
| length1 = 2:28
| title2 = [[I'm So Tired]]
| extra2 = Lennon
| length2 = 2:03
| title3 = [[Blackbird (Beatles song)|Blackbird]]
| extra3 = McCartney
| length3 = 2:18
| title4 = [[Piggies]]
| note4 = Harrison
| extra4 = Harrison
| length4 = 2:04
| title5 = [[Rocky Raccoon]]
| extra5 = McCartney
| length5 = 3:33
| title6 = [[Don't Pass Me By]]
| note6 = [[Ringo Starr|Richard Starkey]]
| extra6 = Starr
| length6 = 3:51
| title7 = [[Why Don't We Do It in the Road?]]
| extra7 = McCartney
| length7 = 1:41
| title8 = [[I Will]]
| extra8 = McCartney
| length8 = 1:46
| title9 = [[Julia (Beatles song)|Julia]]
| extra9 = Lennon
| length9 = 2:57
}}
{{Track listing
| headline = Side three
| extra_column = Lead vocals
| total_length = 22:48
| title1 = [[Birthday (Beatles song)|Birthday]]
| extra1 = McCartney with Lennon
| length1 = 2:42
| title2 = [[Yer Blues]]
| extra2 = Lennon
| length2 = 4:01
| title3 = [[Mother Nature's Son]]
| extra3 = McCartney
| length3 = 2:48
| title4 = [[Everybody's Got Something to Hide Except Me and My Monkey]]
| extra4 = Lennon
| length4 = 2:24
| title5 = [[Sexy Sadie]]
| extra5 = Lennon
| length5 = 3:15
| title6 = [[Helter Skelter (song)|Helter Skelter]]
| extra6 = McCartney
| length6 = 4:30
| title7 = [[Long, Long, Long]]
| note7 = Harrison
| extra7 = Harrison
| length7 = 3:08
}}
{{Track listing
| headline = Side four
| extra_column = Lead vocals
| total_length = 24:21
| title1 = [[Revolution (Beatles song)#Revolution 1|Revolution 1]]
| extra1 = Lennon
| length1 = 4:15
| title2 = [[Honey Pie]]
| extra2 = McCartney
| length2 = 2:41
| title3 = [[Savoy Truffle]]
| note3 = Harrison
| extra3 = Harrison
| length3 = 2:54
| title4 = [[Cry Baby Cry]]
| extra4 = Lennon, with McCartney
| length4 = 3:02
| title5 = [[Revolution 9]]
| extra5 = Speaking from Lennon, Harrison, Ono and George Martin
| length5 = 8:15
| title6 = [[Good Night (Beatles song)|Good Night]]
| extra6 = Starr
| length6 = 3:14
}}
===''[[Greatest Hits (Queen album)|Greatest Hits]]'' by [[Queen (band)|Queen]]===
Per-track notes and writing credits, ''total_length'' option:
{{Track listing
| headline = 1981 UK edition
| total_length = 58:44
| title1 = [[Bohemian Rhapsody]]
| note1 = from ''[[A Night at the Opera (Queen album)|A Night at the Opera]]'', 1975
| writer1 = [[Freddie Mercury]]
| length1 = 5:55
| title2 = [[Another One Bites the Dust]]
| note2 = from ''[[The Game (Queen album)|The Game]]'', 1980
| writer2 = [[John Deacon]]
| length2 = 3:36
| title3 = [[Killer Queen (song)|Killer Queen]]
| note3 = from ''[[Sheer Heart Attack]]'', 1974
| writer3 = Mercury
| length3 = 2:57
| title4 = [[Fat Bottomed Girls]]
| note4 = single version, from ''[[Jazz (Queen album)|Jazz]]'', 1978
| writer4 = [[Brian May]]
| length4 = 4:16
| title5 = [[Bicycle Race]]
| note5 = from ''Jazz'', 1978
| writer5 = Mercury
| length5 = 3:01
| title6 = [[You're My Best Friend (Queen song)|You're My Best Friend]]
| note6 = from ''A Night at the Opera'', 1975
| writer6 = Deacon
| length6 = 2:52
| title7 = [[Don't Stop Me Now]]
| note7 = from ''Jazz'', 1978
| writer7 = Mercury
| length7 = 3:29
| title8 = [[Save Me (Queen song)|Save Me]]
| note8 = from ''The Game'', 1980
| writer8 = May
| length8 = 3:48
| title9 = [[Crazy Little Thing Called Love]]
| note9 = from ''The Game'', 1980
| writer9 = Mercury
| length9 = 2:42
| title10 = [[Somebody to Love (Queen song)|Somebody to Love]]
| note10 = from ''[[A Day at the Races (album)|A Day at the Races]]'', 1976
| writer10 = Mercury
| length10 = 4:56
| title11 = [[Now I'm Here]]
| note11 = from ''Sheer Heart Attack'', 1974
| writer11 = May
| length11 = 4:10
| title12 = [[Good Old-Fashioned Lover Boy]]
| note12 = from ''A Day at the Races'', 1976
| writer12 = Mercury
| length12 = 2:54
| title13 = [[Play the Game (song)|Play the Game]]
| note13 = from ''The Game'', 1980
| writer13 = Mercury
| length13 = 3:33
| title14 = [[Flash (Queen song)|Flash]]
| note14 = single version, from ''[[Flash Gordon (album)|Flash Gordon]]'', 1980
| writer14 = May
| length14 = 2:48
| title15 = [[Seven Seas of Rhye]]
| note15 = from ''[[Queen II]]'', 1974
| writer15 = Mercury
| length15 = 2:47
| title16 = [[We Will Rock You]]
| note16 = from ''[[News of the World (album)|News of the World]]'', 1977
| writer16 = May
| length16 = 2:01
| title17 = [[We Are the Champions]]
| note17 = from ''News of the World'', 1977
| writer17 = Mercury
| length17 = 2:59
}}
====''[[Smile (L'Arc-en-Ciel album)|Smile]]'' by [[L'Arc-en-Ciel]]====
Individual per-track credits for music and lyrics, original song titles in the ''notes'' field:
{{Track listing
| title1 = Kiss
| note1 = {{nihongo2|接吻}} ''Kuchizuke''
| lyrics1 = [[Hyde (musician)|Hyde]]
| music1 = [[Ken (musician)|Ken]]
| length1 = 4:25
| title2 = [[Ready Steady Go (L'Arc-en-Ciel song)|Ready Steady Go]]
| lyrics2 = Hyde
| music2 = [[Tetsuya (musician)|Tetsu]]
| length2 = 3:45
| title3 = Lover Boy
| lyrics3 = Ken
| music3 = Ken
| length3 = 4:45
| title4 = Feeling Fine
| lyrics4 = Hyde
| music4 = Ken
| length4 = 4:17
| title5 = Time Goes On
| lyrics5 = Tetsu
| music5 = Tetsu
| length5 = 4:44
| title6 = Coming Closer
| lyrics6 = Hyde
| music6 = Ken
| length6 = 5:14
| title7 = Forever
| note7 = {{nihongo2|永遠}} ''Eien''
| lyrics7 = Hyde
| music7 = Hyde
| length7 = 4:39
| title8 = Revelation
| lyrics8 = Hyde
| music8 = [[Yukihiro (musician)|Yukihiro]]
| length8 = 3:18
| title9 = Living in Your Eyes
| note9 = {{nihongo2|瞳の住人}} ''Hitomi no Jyūnin''
| lyrics9 = Hyde
| music9 = Tetsu
| length9 = 5:55
| title10 = Spirit Dreams Inside -Another Dream-
| lyrics10 = Hyde
| music10 = Hyde
| length10 = 3:47
| title11 = Ready Steady Go (Hydeless Version)
| note11 = US release only
| lyrics11 = Hyde
| music11 = Tetsu
| length11 = 3:47
}}
===''[[Yeah! (Def Leppard album)|Yeah!]]'' by [[Def Leppard]]===
Using the ''extra_column'' option to denote each song's original artist:
{{Track listing
| extra_column = Original artist
| title1 = [[20th Century Boy]]
| writer1 = [[Marc Bolan]]
| extra1 = [[T. Rex (band)|T. Rex]]
| length1 = 3:41
| title2 = [[Rock On (Def Leppard song)|Rock On]]
| writer2 = [[David Essex]]
| extra2 = David Essex
| length2 = 2:53
| title3 = [[Hanging on the Telephone]]
| writer3 = [[Jack Lee (musician)|Jack Lee]]
| extra3 = [[The Nerves]]
| length3 = 2:23
| title4 = [[Waterloo Sunset]]
| writer4 = [[Ray Davies]]
| extra4 = [[The Kinks]]
| length4 = 3:38
| title5 = Hell Raiser
| writer5 = [[Mike Chapman]], [[Nicky Chinn]]
| extra5 = [[Sweet (band)|Sweet]]
| length5 = 3:20
| title6 = [[10538 Overture]]
| writer6 = [[Jeff Lynne]]
| extra6 = [[Electric Light Orchestra]]
| length6 = 4:31
| title7 = [[Street Life (Roxy Music song)|Street Life]]
| writer7 = [[Bryan Ferry]]
| extra7 = [[Roxy Music]]
| length7 = 3:26
| title8 = [[Drive-In Saturday]]
| writer8 = [[David Bowie]]
| extra8 = David Bowie
| length8 = 4:07
| title9 = Little Bit of Love
| writer9 = [[Paul Rodgers]], [[Paul Kossoff]], [[Andy Fraser]], [[Simon Kirke]]
| extra9 = [[Free (band)|Free]]
| length9 = 2:34
| title10 = [[The Golden Age of Rock 'n' Roll]]
| writer10 = [[Ian Hunter (singer)|Ian Hunter]]
| extra10 = [[Mott the Hoople]]
| length10 = 3:28
| title11 = [[No Matter What (Badfinger song)|No Matter What]]
| writer11 = [[Pete Ham]]
| extra11 = [[Badfinger]]
| length11 = 2:57
| title12 = [[He's Gonna Step On You Again|He's Gonna Step on You Again]]
| writer12 = [[John Kongos]], [[Christos Demetriou]]
| extra12 = John Kongos
| length12 = 4:05
| title13 = Don't Believe a Word
| writer13 = [[Phil Lynott]]
| extra13 = [[Thin Lizzy]]
| length13 = 2:19
| title14 = [[Stay with Me (Faces song)|Stay with Me]]
| writer14 = [[Rod Stewart]], [[Ronnie Wood]]
| extra14 = [[Faces (band)|Faces]]
| length14 = 4:30
}}
== Presets ==
For editing convenience, here are presets for the various possible track listing configurations. Before saving a track listing created with one of these, consider removing fields that are likely to remain empty in the foreseeable future.
* [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset1|Title, Length]] (with [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset1n|notes]], [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset1e|extra column]], [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset1ne|notes and extra column]])
* [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset2|Title, Writer(s), Length]] (with [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset2n|notes]], [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset2e|extra column]], [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset2ne|notes and extra column]])
* [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset3|Title, Lyrics, Length]] (with [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset3n|notes]], [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset3e|extra column]])
* [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset4|Title, Music, Length]] (with [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset4n|notes]], [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset4e|extra column]])
* [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset5|Title, Lyrics, Music, Length]] (with [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset5n|notes]], [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset5e|extra column]])
== Anchors ==
This template adds [[WP:ANCHOR|anchor]]s to all rows, named {{code|track1}}, {{code|track2}}, {{code|track3}}, and so on.
If this template is used twice on the same page, this will create a naming conflict, and of any duplicate anchors, only first can be linked to.
==Tracking categories==
* {{clc|Pages using track listing with unknown parameters}}
* {{clc|Track listings that use the collapsed parameter}}
* {{clc|Track listings with deprecated parameters}}
* {{clc|Track listings with input errors}}
Previously this template used the parameters <code>writing_credits</code>, <code>lyrics_credits</code> and <code>music_credits</code> to determine which of the Writer(s), Lyrics, and Music columns to display. These parameters are now deprecated, and pages using them are categorized in [[:Category:Track listings with deprecated parameters]].
==See also==
* {{tl|Infobox album}}
* {{tl|Infobox song}}
==TemplateData==
{{TemplateData header}}
{{collapse top|Show TemplateData}}
<templatedata>
{
"params": {
"all_writing": {
"label": "All writing",
"description": "The writer(s) of all (or most) of the tracks.",
"type": "line",
"suggested": true
},
"all_lyrics": {
"label": "All lyrics",
"description": "The lyricist(s) for all (or most) of the tracks.",
"type": "line"
},
"all_music": {
"label": "All music",
"description": "The composer(s) for all (or most) of the tracks.",
"type": "line"
},
"headline": {
"label": "Headline",
"description": "Creates a title for the track listing; may be used to distinguish between different versions of an album, such as deluxe versions, re-masters, etc."
},
"extra_column": {
"label": "Extra column",
"description": "Header text for an extra column. If this parameter is not used, no extra column will be shown. Use sparingly.",
"type": "line"
},
"title0": {
"label": "Title 0",
"description": "Title of track 0.",
"type": "line"
},
"note0": {
"label": "Note 0",
"description": "Brief note about track 0.",
"type": "line"
},
"length0": {
"label": "Length 0",
"description": "Length of track 0. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics0": {
"label": "Lyrics 0",
"description": "Lyricist for track 0. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s) use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music0": {
"label": "Music 0",
"description": "Composer of track 0. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s) use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer0": {
"label": "Writer 0",
"description": "Writer of track 0. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s) use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra0": {
"label": "Extra field 0",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 0. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title1": {
"label": "Title 1",
"description": "Title of track 1.",
"type": "line",
"suggested": true
},
"note1": {
"label": "Note 1",
"description": "Brief note about track 1.",
"type": "line"
},
"length1": {
"label": "Length 1",
"description": "Length of track 1. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line",
"suggested": true
},
"lyrics1": {
"label": "Lyrics 1",
"description": "Lyricist for track 1. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music1": {
"label": "Music 1",
"description": "Composer of track 1. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer1": {
"label": "Writer 1",
"description": "Writer of track 1. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra1": {
"label": "Extra field 1",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 1. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title2": {
"label": "Title 2",
"description": "Title of track 2.",
"type": "line"
},
"note2": {
"label": "Note 2",
"description": "Brief note about track 2.",
"type": "line"
},
"length2": {
"label": "Length 2",
"description": "Length of track 2. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics2": {
"label": "Lyrics 2",
"description": "Lyricist for track 2. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music2": {
"label": "Music 2",
"description": "Composer of track 2. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer2": {
"label": "Writer 2",
"description": "Writer of track 2. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra2": {
"label": "Extra field 2",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 2. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title3": {
"label": "Title 3",
"description": "Title of track 3.",
"type": "line"
},
"note3": {
"label": "Note 3",
"description": "Brief note about track 3.",
"type": "line"
},
"length3": {
"label": "Length 3",
"description": "Length of track 3. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics3": {
"label": "Lyrics 3",
"description": "Lyricist for track 3. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music3": {
"label": "Music 3",
"description": "Composer of track 3. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer3": {
"label": "Writer 3",
"description": "Writer of track 3. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra3": {
"label": "Extra field 3",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 3. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title4": {
"label": "Title 4",
"description": "Title of track 4.",
"type": "line"
},
"note4": {
"label": "Note 4",
"description": "Brief note about track 4.",
"type": "line"
},
"length4": {
"label": "Length 4",
"description": "Length of track 4. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics4": {
"label": "Lyrics 4",
"description": "Lyricist for track 4. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music4": {
"label": "Music 4",
"description": "Composer of track 4. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer4": {
"label": "Writer 4",
"description": "Writer of track 4. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra4": {
"label": "Extra field 4",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 4. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title5": {
"label": "Title 5",
"description": "Title of track 5.",
"type": "line"
},
"note5": {
"label": "Note 5",
"description": "Brief note about track 5.",
"type": "line"
},
"length5": {
"label": "Length 5",
"description": "Length of track 5. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics5": {
"label": "Lyrics 5",
"description": "Lyricist for track 5. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music5": {
"label": "Music 5",
"description": "Composer of track 5. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer5": {
"label": "Writer 5",
"description": "Writer of track 5. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra5": {
"label": "Extra field 5",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 5. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title6": {
"label": "Title 6",
"description": "Title of track 6.",
"type": "line"
},
"note6": {
"label": "Note 6",
"description": "Brief note about track 6.",
"type": "line"
},
"length6": {
"label": "Length 6",
"description": "Length of track 6. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics6": {
"label": "Lyrics 6",
"description": "Lyricist for track 6. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music6": {
"label": "Music 6",
"description": "Composer of track 6. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer6": {
"label": "Writer 6",
"description": "Writer of track 6. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra6": {
"label": "Extra field 6",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 6. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title7": {
"label": "Title 7",
"description": "Title of track 7.",
"type": "line"
},
"note7": {
"label": "Note 7",
"description": "Brief note about track 7.",
"type": "line"
},
"length7": {
"label": "Length 7",
"description": "Length of track 7. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics7": {
"label": "Lyrics 7",
"description": "Lyricist for track 7. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music7": {
"label": "Music 7",
"description": "Composer of track 7. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer7": {
"label": "Writer 7",
"description": "Writer of track 7. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra7": {
"label": "Extra field 7",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 7. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title8": {
"label": "Title 8",
"description": "Title of track 8.",
"type": "line"
},
"note8": {
"label": "Note 8",
"description": "Brief note about track 8.",
"type": "line"
},
"length8": {
"label": "Length 8",
"description": "Length of track 8. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics8": {
"label": "Lyrics 8",
"description": "Lyricist for track 8. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music8": {
"label": "Music 8",
"description": "Composer of track 8. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer8": {
"label": "Writer 8",
"description": "Writer of track 8. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra8": {
"label": "Extra field 8",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 8. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title9": {
"label": "Title 9",
"description": "Title of track 9.",
"type": "line"
},
"note9": {
"label": "Note 9",
"description": "Brief note about track 9.",
"type": "line"
},
"length9": {
"label": "Length 9",
"description": "Length of track 9. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics9": {
"label": "Lyrics 9",
"description": "Lyricist for track 9. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music9": {
"label": "Music 9",
"description": "Composer of track 9. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer9": {
"label": "Writer 9",
"description": "Writer of track 9. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra9": {
"label": "Extra field 9",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 9. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title10": {
"label": "Title 10",
"description": "Title of track 10.",
"type": "line"
},
"note10": {
"label": "Note 10",
"description": "Brief note about track 10.",
"type": "line"
},
"length10": {
"label": "Length 10",
"description": "Length of track 10. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics10": {
"label": "Lyrics 10",
"description": "Lyricist for track 10. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music10": {
"label": "Music 10",
"description": "Composer of track 10. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer10": {
"label": "Writer 10",
"description": "Writer of track 10. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra10": {
"label": "Extra field 10",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 10. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title11": {
"label": "Title 11",
"description": "Title of track 11.",
"type": "line"
},
"note11": {
"label": "Note 11",
"description": "Brief note about track 11.",
"type": "line"
},
"length11": {
"label": "Length 11",
"description": "Length of track 11. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics11": {
"label": "Lyrics 11",
"description": "Lyricist for track 11. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music11": {
"label": "Music 11",
"description": "Composer of track 11. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer11": {
"label": "Writer 11",
"description": "Writer of track 11. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra11": {
"label": "Extra field 11",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 11. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title12": {
"label": "Title 12",
"description": "Title of track 12.",
"type": "line"
},
"note12": {
"label": "Note 12",
"description": "Brief note about track 12.",
"type": "line"
},
"length12": {
"label": "Length 12",
"description": "Length of track 12. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics12": {
"label": "Lyrics 12",
"description": "Lyricist for track 12. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music12": {
"label": "Music 12",
"description": "Composer of track 12. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer12": {
"label": "Writer 12",
"description": "Writer of track 12. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra12": {
"label": "Extra field 12",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 12. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title13": {
"label": "Title 13",
"description": "Title of track 13.",
"type": "line"
},
"note13": {
"label": "Note 13",
"description": "Brief note about track 13.",
"type": "line"
},
"length13": {
"label": "Length 13",
"description": "Length of track 13. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics13": {
"label": "Lyrics 13",
"description": "Lyricist for track 13. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music13": {
"label": "Music 13",
"description": "Composer of track 13. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer13": {
"label": "Writer 13",
"description": "Writer of track 13. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra13": {
"label": "Extra field 13",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 13. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title14": {
"label": "Title 14",
"description": "Title of track 14.",
"type": "line"
},
"note14": {
"label": "Note 14",
"description": "Brief note about track 14.",
"type": "line"
},
"length14": {
"label": "Length 14",
"description": "Length of track 14. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics14": {
"label": "Lyrics 14",
"description": "Lyricist for track 14. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music14": {
"label": "Music 14",
"description": "Composer of track 14. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer14": {
"label": "Writer 14",
"description": "Writer of track 14. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra14": {
"label": "Extra field 14",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 14. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title15": {
"label": "Title 15",
"description": "Title of track 15.",
"type": "line"
},
"note15": {
"label": "Note 15",
"description": "Brief note about track 15.",
"type": "line"
},
"length15": {
"label": "Length 15",
"description": "Length of track 15. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics15": {
"label": "Lyrics 15",
"description": "Lyricist for track 15. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music15": {
"label": "Music 15",
"description": "Composer of track 15. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer15": {
"label": "Writer 15",
"description": "Writer of track 15. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra15": {
"label": "Extra field 15",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 15. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title16": {
"label": "Title 16",
"description": "Title of track 16.",
"type": "line"
},
"note16": {
"label": "Note 16",
"description": "Brief note about track 16.",
"type": "line"
},
"length16": {
"label": "Length 16",
"description": "Length of track 16. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics16": {
"label": "Lyrics 16",
"description": "Lyricist for track 16. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music16": {
"label": "Music 16",
"description": "Composer of track 16. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer16": {
"label": "Writer 16",
"description": "Writer of track 16. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra16": {
"label": "Extra field 16",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 16. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title17": {
"label": "Title 17",
"description": "Title of track 17.",
"type": "line"
},
"note17": {
"label": "Note 17",
"description": "Brief note about track 17.",
"type": "line"
},
"length17": {
"label": "Length 17",
"description": "Length of track 17. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics17": {
"label": "Lyrics 17",
"description": "Lyricist for track 17. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music17": {
"label": "Music 17",
"description": "Composer of track 17. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer17": {
"label": "Writer 17",
"description": "Writer of track 17. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra17": {
"label": "Extra field 17",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 17. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title18": {
"label": "Title 18",
"description": "Title of track 18.",
"type": "line"
},
"note18": {
"label": "Note 18",
"description": "Brief note about track 18.",
"type": "line"
},
"length18": {
"label": "Length 18",
"description": "Length of track 18. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics18": {
"label": "Lyrics 18",
"description": "Lyricist for track 18. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music18": {
"label": "Music 18",
"description": "Composer of track 18. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer18": {
"label": "Writer 18",
"description": "Writer of track 18. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra18": {
"label": "Extra field 18",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 18. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title19": {
"label": "Title 19",
"description": "Title of track 19.",
"type": "line"
},
"note19": {
"label": "Note 19",
"description": "Brief note about track 19.",
"type": "line"
},
"length19": {
"label": "Length 19",
"description": "Length of track 19. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics19": {
"label": "Lyrics 19",
"description": "Lyricist for track 19. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music19": {
"label": "Music 19",
"description": "Composer of track 19. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer19": {
"label": "Writer 19",
"description": "Writer of track 19. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra19": {
"label": "Extra field 19",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 19. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title20": {
"label": "Title 20",
"description": "Title of track 20. Use title21, title22, etc. for subsequent tracks.",
"type": "line"
},
"note20": {
"label": "Note 20",
"description": "Brief note about track 20. Use note21, note22, etc. for subsequent tracks.",
"type": "line"
},
"length20": {
"label": "Length 20",
"description": "Length of track 20. Use length21, length22, etc. for subsequent tracks.",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics20": {
"label": "Lyrics 20",
"description": "Lyricist for track 20. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions. Use lyrics21, lyrics22, etc. for subsequent tracks.",
"type": "line"
},
"music20": {
"label": "Music 20",
"description": "Composer of track 20. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions. Use music21, music22, etc. for subsequent tracks.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer20": {
"label": "Writer 20",
"description": "Writer of track 20. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions. Use writer21, writer22, etc. for subsequent tracks.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra20": {
"label": "Extra field 20",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 20. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter. Use extra21, extra22, etc. for subsequent tracks.",
"type": "line"
},
"total_length": {
"label": "Total length",
"description": "The total length of all the tracks in the track listing",
"suggested": true,
"type": "number"
},
"title_width": {
"label": "Column width (Title)",
"description": "Include these parameters to override the default column widths. Note: If the width of a column is overridden, the width of all other columns used in the table must be also overridden for it to appear correctly.",
"example": "30%",
"type": "number"
},
"writing_width": {
"label": "Column width (Writing)",
"description": "Include these parameters to override the default column widths. Note: If the width of a column is overridden, the width of all other columns used in the table must be also overridden for it to appear correctly.",
"example": "30%",
"type": "number"
},
"music_width": {
"label": "Column width (Music)",
"description": "Include these parameters to override the default column widths. Note: If the width of a column is overridden, the width of all other columns used in the table must be also overridden for it to appear correctly.",
"example": "30%",
"type": "number"
},
"lyrics_width": {
"label": "Column width (Lyrics)",
"description": "Include these parameters to override the default column widths. Note: If the width of a column is overridden, the width of all other columns used in the table must be also overridden for it to appear correctly.",
"example": "30%",
"type": "number"
},
"extra_width": {
"label": "Column width (Extra)",
"description": "Include these parameters to override the default column widths. Note: If the width of a column is overridden, the width of all other columns used in the table must be also overridden for it to appear correctly.",
"example": "30%",
"type": "number"
},
"width": {
"label": "Table width (Total)",
"type": "number",
"example": "80%"
}
},
"format": "{{_\n| _____________ = _\n}}\n",
"description": "Generates a track listing for an album or other music recording.",
"paramOrder": [
"headline",
"extra_column",
"total_length",
"all_writing",
"all_lyrics",
"all_music",
"width",
"title_width",
"writing_width",
"music_width",
"lyrics_width",
"extra_width",
"title0",
"note0",
"length0",
"lyrics0",
"music0",
"writer0",
"extra0",
"title1",
"note1",
"length1",
"lyrics1",
"music1",
"writer1",
"extra1",
"title2",
"note2",
"length2",
"lyrics2",
"music2",
"writer2",
"extra2",
"title3",
"note3",
"length3",
"lyrics3",
"music3",
"writer3",
"extra3",
"title4",
"note4",
"length4",
"lyrics4",
"music4",
"writer4",
"extra4",
"title5",
"note5",
"length5",
"lyrics5",
"music5",
"writer5",
"extra5",
"title6",
"note6",
"length6",
"lyrics6",
"music6",
"writer6",
"extra6",
"title7",
"note7",
"length7",
"lyrics7",
"music7",
"writer7",
"extra7",
"title8",
"note8",
"length8",
"lyrics8",
"music8",
"writer8",
"extra8",
"title9",
"note9",
"length9",
"lyrics9",
"music9",
"writer9",
"extra9",
"title10",
"note10",
"length10",
"lyrics10",
"music10",
"writer10",
"extra10",
"title11",
"note11",
"length11",
"lyrics11",
"music11",
"writer11",
"extra11",
"title12",
"note12",
"length12",
"lyrics12",
"music12",
"writer12",
"extra12",
"title13",
"note13",
"length13",
"lyrics13",
"music13",
"writer13",
"extra13",
"title14",
"note14",
"length14",
"lyrics14",
"music14",
"writer14",
"extra14",
"title15",
"note15",
"length15",
"lyrics15",
"music15",
"writer15",
"extra15",
"title16",
"note16",
"length16",
"lyrics16",
"music16",
"writer16",
"extra16",
"title17",
"note17",
"length17",
"lyrics17",
"music17",
"writer17",
"extra17",
"title18",
"note18",
"length18",
"lyrics18",
"music18",
"writer18",
"extra18",
"title19",
"note19",
"length19",
"lyrics19",
"music19",
"writer19",
"extra19",
"title20",
"note20",
"length20",
"lyrics20",
"music20",
"writer20",
"extra20"
]
}
</templatedata>
{{collapse bottom}}
<includeonly>{{Sandbox other||
<!-----CATEGORIES BELOW THIS LINE, PLEASE:----->
[[Category:Music templates]]
[[Category:Table templates]]
[[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]]
}}</includeonly>
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text/x-wiki
{{Documentation subpage}}
<!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE -->
{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox||{{High-use}}}}
{{lua|Module:Track listing}}
{{Bot use warning|bots=[[User:cewbot/log/20201008/configuration]]}}
This template is an optional way to organize track listings in articles about albums and singles. Please refer to [[MOS:VAR]] and [[WP:ALBUMSTYLE#Style and form]] for maintaining existing styles on pages that do not currently use this template. Total lengths can be calculated and added automatically, using the [[WP:USERSCRIPT|custom userscript]] at [[User:JPxG/TrackSum.js]].{{Example needed}}
==Usage==
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="overflow:auto;">
{{Track listing
| headline =
| extra_column =
| total_length =
| all_writing =
| all_lyrics =
| all_music =
| width =
| title_width =
| writing_width =
| music_width =
| lyrics_width =
| extra_width =
| title1 =
| note1 =
| writer1 =
| lyrics1 =
| music1 =
| extra1 =
| length1 =
...
}}
</syntaxhighlight>
{{Collapse top|title=Empty template with 20 tracks for copy-pasting}}
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="overflow:auto;">
{{Track listing
| headline =
| extra_column =
| total_length =
| all_writing =
| all_lyrics =
| all_music =
| title_width =
| writing_width =
| music_width =
| lyrics_width =
| extra_width =
| title1 =
| note1 =
| writer1 =
| lyrics1 =
| music1 =
| extra1 =
| length1 =
| title2 =
| note2 =
| writer2 =
| lyrics2 =
| music2 =
| extra2 =
| length2 =
| title3 =
| note3 =
| writer3 =
| lyrics3 =
| music3 =
| extra3 =
| length3 =
| title4 =
| note4 =
| writer4 =
| lyrics4 =
| music4 =
| extra4 =
| length4 =
| title5 =
| note5 =
| writer5 =
| lyrics5 =
| music5 =
| extra5 =
| length5 =
| title6 =
| note6 =
| writer6 =
| lyrics6 =
| music6 =
| extra6 =
| length6 =
| title7 =
| note7 =
| writer7 =
| lyrics7 =
| music7 =
| extra7 =
| length7 =
| title8 =
| note8 =
| writer8 =
| lyrics8 =
| music8 =
| extra8 =
| length8 =
| title9 =
| note9 =
| writer9 =
| lyrics9 =
| music9 =
| extra9 =
| length9 =
| title10 =
| note10 =
| writer10 =
| lyrics10 =
| music10 =
| extra10 =
| length10 =
| title11 =
| note11 =
| writer11 =
| lyrics11 =
| music11 =
| extra11 =
| length11 =
| title12 =
| note12 =
| writer12 =
| lyrics12 =
| music12 =
| extra12 =
| length12 =
| title13 =
| note13 =
| writer13 =
| lyrics13 =
| music13 =
| extra13 =
| length13 =
| title14 =
| note14 =
| writer14 =
| lyrics14 =
| music14 =
| extra14 =
| length14 =
| title15 =
| note15 =
| writer15 =
| lyrics15 =
| music15 =
| extra15 =
| length15 =
| title16 =
| note16 =
| writer16 =
| lyrics16 =
| music16 =
| extra16 =
| length16 =
| title17 =
| note17 =
| writer17 =
| lyrics17 =
| music17 =
| extra17 =
| length17 =
| title18 =
| note18 =
| writer18 =
| lyrics18 =
| music18 =
| extra18 =
| length18 =
| title19 =
| note19 =
| writer19 =
| lyrics19 =
| music19 =
| extra19 =
| length19 =
| title20 =
| note20 =
| writer20 =
| lyrics20 =
| music20 =
| extra20 =
| length20 =
...
}}
</syntaxhighlight>
{{Collapse bottom}}
{{Collapse top|title=Shortened empty template with 20 tracks for copy-pasting}}
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" style="overflow:auto;">
{{Track listing
| headline =
| extra_column =
| total_length =
| all_writing =
| all_lyrics =
| all_music =
| title1 =
| length1 =
| title2 =
| length2 =
| title3 =
| length3 =
| title4 =
| length4 =
| title5 =
| length5 =
| title6 =
| length6 =
| title7 =
| length7 =
| title8 =
| length8 =
| title9 =
| length9 =
| title10 =
| length10 =
| title11 =
| length11 =
| title12 =
| length12 =
| title13 =
| length13 =
| title14 =
| length14 =
| title15 =
| length15 =
| title16 =
| length16 =
| title17 =
| length17 =
| title18 =
| length18 =
| title19 =
| length19 =
| title20 =
| length20 =
}}
</syntaxhighlight>
{{Collapse bottom}}
==Parameters==
{| class="wikitable"
|+Template parameters
| style="width:130px" | Parameter
! Description
|-
| {{para|headline}}
| A headline in the form of a table caption, to denote sides/disc numbers of an album (e.g. {{kbd|Side A}}, {{kbd|Disc 3}}, etc.) or in case of some works, special groups or cycles of songs. Table captions are required for accessibility, so if there are not divisions like those mentioned, text like "''[Album Name]'' track listing" is appropriate.
|-
| {{para|extra_column}}
| Used to both enable and set the header for an additional column to hold per-track information. If this option is not used, no extra column will be shown. Use sparingly, in order to keep the overall column count to a minimum and if the respective type of data is not available for most tracks consider using the <code>note</code> fields instead. Some suggested headers: {{kbd|Artist}} ([[Compilation album|compilation]]s), {{kbd|Original artist}} ([[Cover version|cover]] albums), {{kbd|Producer(s)}}, {{kbd|Remixer(s)}} ([[remix album]]s).
|-
| {{para|total_length}}
| Used to display the total length of the record at the bottom of the list. It should be specified in minutes and seconds, even if it is longer than one hour, for example 74:23. This can be calculated manually, using {{tl|Track listing total length}}, or inserted automatically with one click if you install the [[WP:USERSCRIPT|custom userscript]] at [[User:JPxG/TrackSum.js]].
|-
| {{para|all_writing}}<br />{{para|all_lyrics}}<br />{{para|all_music}}
| Used to display general songwriting credits for the entire record in a note above the track listing. If <code>all_writing</code> is supplied, the other two parameters are ignored.
The value for this parameter is preceded by "All tracks are written by " or "All lyrics are written by " or "All music is composed by ", depending on the parameter that is used. Provide terminal punctuation and any references in the parameter value, if desired.
|-
| {{para|width}}
| An optional parameter to set the overall width of the table. The value must include the "%" sign. Upon default exclusion, the default width of the table will extend to 100% of the page width.
|-
|{{para|title_width}}<br />{{para|writing_width}}<br />{{para|music_width}}<br />{{para|lyrics_width}}<br />{{para|extra_width}}
| Include these parameters to override the default column widths (e.g. {{para|title_width|30%}}). '''Note:''' If the width of a column is overridden, the width of all other columns used in the table must be also overridden for it to appear correctly.
|-
| {{para|title{{var|N}}}}
| (i.e. <code>title1</code>, <code>title2</code>, etc.) The title of the respective track. Note that a track listing does not have to start with a #1 or continue with 1, 2, 3... order (e.g. for having side B of an LP start at track six or leaving out empty tracks preceding a bonus track). Track names are automatically put into quotes, unless the field is left empty, in which case the track name will display as {{samp|Untitled}} (without quotes). This is used for when no title is given to a track in any form on the album or media that is officially related to the album.
|-
| {{para|note{{var|N}}}}
| (i.e. <code>note1</code>, <code>note2</code>, etc.) An optional note to be displayed in parentheses behind the title. Useful for original titles in other languages/scripts (e.g. kanji) or to denote bonus tracks only included in certain editions. Keep notes short. Excessive commentary disrupts the flow of the track listing, which should be easily scannable.
|-
| {{para|writer{{var|N}}}}
| (i.e. <code>writer1</code>, <code>writer2</code>, etc.) Use to denote the writer(s) of individual tracks. Avoid redundancy: if all or most tracks on a record were written by the same person(s), consider using the <code>all_writing</code> option and using the <code>note{{var|N}}</code> options for any exceptions.
|-
| {{para|lyrics{{var|N}}}}<br />{{para|music{{var|N}}}}
| (i.e. <code>lyrics1</code>, <code>music1</code>, <code>lyrics2</code>, <code>music2</code>, etc.) Use to denote the lyricist(s) and composer(s) of individual tracks. If most tracks are written by the same people, you can use the <code>all_lyrics</code> and <code>all_music</code> options instead, and use the <code>note{{var|N}}</code> options for exceptions. Note that if any <code>writer{{var|N}}</code> options are specified, all <code>lyrics{{var|N}}</code> and <code>music{{var|N}}</code> options will be ignored, and the Lyrics and Music columns will not be displayed.
|-
| {{para|extra{{var|N}}}}
| (i.e. <code>extra1</code>, <code>extra2</code>, etc.) Holds the content of the user-set column for the respective track ''(see <code>extra_column</code>)''.
|-
| {{para|length{{var|N}}}}
| (i.e. <code>length1</code>, <code>length2</code>, etc.) The length of the track in a {{var|m:ss}} formatting (or {{var|mm:ss}} or even {{var|h:mm:ss}} if particularly long tracks occur). For example: {{kbd|4:35}}
|}
The {{para|collapsed}} parameter is {{strongbad|deprecated}}. This was intended for very long lists or pages with several lists. {{strong|Do not use this in mainspace}} (articles), per [[MOS:DONTHIDE]] and [[MOS:ACCESSIBILITY]]. Doing so breaks all of the following: 1) in-page searching, 2) screen readers, 3) mobile accessibility to the content, 4) browsers without Javascript (or with it temporarily disabled), 5) various [[WP:REUSE|reuse]] of Wikipedia content. Use of this parameter will add the article to [[:Category:Track listings that use the collapsed parameter]]. [[Template talk:Track listing/Archive 13|Consensus was to remove this feature in 2014]].
==Examples==
===''[[The Beatles (album)|The Beatles]]'' ("the White Album") by [[the Beatles]]===
The ''headline'' option:
{{Track listing
| headline = Side one
| extra_column = Lead vocals
| total_length = 23:43
| title1 = [[Back in the U.S.S.R.]]
| extra1 = McCartney
| length1 = 2:43
| title2 = [[Dear Prudence]]
| extra2 = Lennon
| length2 = 3:56
| title3 = [[Glass Onion (song)|Glass Onion]]
| extra3 = Lennon
| length3 = 2:18
| title4 = [[Ob-La-Di, Ob-La-Da]]
| extra4 = McCartney
| length4 = 3:08
| title5 = [[Wild Honey Pie]]
| extra5 = McCartney
| length5 = 0:52
| title6 = [[The Continuing Story of Bungalow Bill]]
| extra6 = Lennon, with [[Yoko Ono]]
| length6 = 3:14
| title7 = [[While My Guitar Gently Weeps]]
| note7 = [[George Harrison]]
| extra7 = Harrison
| length7 = 4:45
| title8 = [[Happiness Is a Warm Gun]]
| extra8 = Lennon
| length8 = 2:47
}}
{{Track listing
| headline = Side two
| extra_column = Lead vocals
| total_length = 22:41
| title1 = [[Martha My Dear]]
| extra1 = McCartney
| length1 = 2:28
| title2 = [[I'm So Tired]]
| extra2 = Lennon
| length2 = 2:03
| title3 = [[Blackbird (Beatles song)|Blackbird]]
| extra3 = McCartney
| length3 = 2:18
| title4 = [[Piggies]]
| note4 = Harrison
| extra4 = Harrison
| length4 = 2:04
| title5 = [[Rocky Raccoon]]
| extra5 = McCartney
| length5 = 3:33
| title6 = [[Don't Pass Me By]]
| note6 = [[Ringo Starr|Richard Starkey]]
| extra6 = Starr
| length6 = 3:51
| title7 = [[Why Don't We Do It in the Road?]]
| extra7 = McCartney
| length7 = 1:41
| title8 = [[I Will]]
| extra8 = McCartney
| length8 = 1:46
| title9 = [[Julia (Beatles song)|Julia]]
| extra9 = Lennon
| length9 = 2:57
}}
{{Track listing
| headline = Side three
| extra_column = Lead vocals
| total_length = 22:48
| title1 = [[Birthday (Beatles song)|Birthday]]
| extra1 = McCartney with Lennon
| length1 = 2:42
| title2 = [[Yer Blues]]
| extra2 = Lennon
| length2 = 4:01
| title3 = [[Mother Nature's Son]]
| extra3 = McCartney
| length3 = 2:48
| title4 = [[Everybody's Got Something to Hide Except Me and My Monkey]]
| extra4 = Lennon
| length4 = 2:24
| title5 = [[Sexy Sadie]]
| extra5 = Lennon
| length5 = 3:15
| title6 = [[Helter Skelter (song)|Helter Skelter]]
| extra6 = McCartney
| length6 = 4:30
| title7 = [[Long, Long, Long]]
| note7 = Harrison
| extra7 = Harrison
| length7 = 3:08
}}
{{Track listing
| headline = Side four
| extra_column = Lead vocals
| total_length = 24:21
| title1 = [[Revolution (Beatles song)#Revolution 1|Revolution 1]]
| extra1 = Lennon
| length1 = 4:15
| title2 = [[Honey Pie]]
| extra2 = McCartney
| length2 = 2:41
| title3 = [[Savoy Truffle]]
| note3 = Harrison
| extra3 = Harrison
| length3 = 2:54
| title4 = [[Cry Baby Cry]]
| extra4 = Lennon, with McCartney
| length4 = 3:02
| title5 = [[Revolution 9]]
| extra5 = Speaking from Lennon, Harrison, Ono and George Martin
| length5 = 8:15
| title6 = [[Good Night (Beatles song)|Good Night]]
| extra6 = Starr
| length6 = 3:14
}}
===''[[Greatest Hits (Queen album)|Greatest Hits]]'' by [[Queen (band)|Queen]]===
Per-track notes and writing credits, ''total_length'' option:
{{Track listing
| headline = 1981 UK edition
| total_length = 58:44
| title1 = [[Bohemian Rhapsody]]
| note1 = from ''[[A Night at the Opera (Queen album)|A Night at the Opera]]'', 1975
| writer1 = [[Freddie Mercury]]
| length1 = 5:55
| title2 = [[Another One Bites the Dust]]
| note2 = from ''[[The Game (Queen album)|The Game]]'', 1980
| writer2 = [[John Deacon]]
| length2 = 3:36
| title3 = [[Killer Queen (song)|Killer Queen]]
| note3 = from ''[[Sheer Heart Attack]]'', 1974
| writer3 = Mercury
| length3 = 2:57
| title4 = [[Fat Bottomed Girls]]
| note4 = single version, from ''[[Jazz (Queen album)|Jazz]]'', 1978
| writer4 = [[Brian May]]
| length4 = 4:16
| title5 = [[Bicycle Race]]
| note5 = from ''Jazz'', 1978
| writer5 = Mercury
| length5 = 3:01
| title6 = [[You're My Best Friend (Queen song)|You're My Best Friend]]
| note6 = from ''A Night at the Opera'', 1975
| writer6 = Deacon
| length6 = 2:52
| title7 = [[Don't Stop Me Now]]
| note7 = from ''Jazz'', 1978
| writer7 = Mercury
| length7 = 3:29
| title8 = [[Save Me (Queen song)|Save Me]]
| note8 = from ''The Game'', 1980
| writer8 = May
| length8 = 3:48
| title9 = [[Crazy Little Thing Called Love]]
| note9 = from ''The Game'', 1980
| writer9 = Mercury
| length9 = 2:42
| title10 = [[Somebody to Love (Queen song)|Somebody to Love]]
| note10 = from ''[[A Day at the Races (album)|A Day at the Races]]'', 1976
| writer10 = Mercury
| length10 = 4:56
| title11 = [[Now I'm Here]]
| note11 = from ''Sheer Heart Attack'', 1974
| writer11 = May
| length11 = 4:10
| title12 = [[Good Old-Fashioned Lover Boy]]
| note12 = from ''A Day at the Races'', 1976
| writer12 = Mercury
| length12 = 2:54
| title13 = [[Play the Game (song)|Play the Game]]
| note13 = from ''The Game'', 1980
| writer13 = Mercury
| length13 = 3:33
| title14 = [[Flash (Queen song)|Flash]]
| note14 = single version, from ''[[Flash Gordon (album)|Flash Gordon]]'', 1980
| writer14 = May
| length14 = 2:48
| title15 = [[Seven Seas of Rhye]]
| note15 = from ''[[Queen II]]'', 1974
| writer15 = Mercury
| length15 = 2:47
| title16 = [[We Will Rock You]]
| note16 = from ''[[News of the World (album)|News of the World]]'', 1977
| writer16 = May
| length16 = 2:01
| title17 = [[We Are the Champions]]
| note17 = from ''News of the World'', 1977
| writer17 = Mercury
| length17 = 2:59
}}
====''[[Smile (L'Arc-en-Ciel album)|Smile]]'' by [[L'Arc-en-Ciel]]====
Individual per-track credits for music and lyrics, original song titles in the ''notes'' field:
{{Track listing
| title1 = Kiss
| note1 = {{nihongo2|接吻}} ''Kuchizuke''
| lyrics1 = [[Hyde (musician)|Hyde]]
| music1 = [[Ken (musician)|Ken]]
| length1 = 4:25
| title2 = [[Ready Steady Go (L'Arc-en-Ciel song)|Ready Steady Go]]
| lyrics2 = Hyde
| music2 = [[Tetsuya (musician)|Tetsu]]
| length2 = 3:45
| title3 = Lover Boy
| lyrics3 = Ken
| music3 = Ken
| length3 = 4:45
| title4 = Feeling Fine
| lyrics4 = Hyde
| music4 = Ken
| length4 = 4:17
| title5 = Time Goes On
| lyrics5 = Tetsu
| music5 = Tetsu
| length5 = 4:44
| title6 = Coming Closer
| lyrics6 = Hyde
| music6 = Ken
| length6 = 5:14
| title7 = Forever
| note7 = {{nihongo2|永遠}} ''Eien''
| lyrics7 = Hyde
| music7 = Hyde
| length7 = 4:39
| title8 = Revelation
| lyrics8 = Hyde
| music8 = [[Yukihiro (musician)|Yukihiro]]
| length8 = 3:18
| title9 = Living in Your Eyes
| note9 = {{nihongo2|瞳の住人}} ''Hitomi no Jyūnin''
| lyrics9 = Hyde
| music9 = Tetsu
| length9 = 5:55
| title10 = Spirit Dreams Inside -Another Dream-
| lyrics10 = Hyde
| music10 = Hyde
| length10 = 3:47
| title11 = Ready Steady Go (Hydeless Version)
| note11 = US release only
| lyrics11 = Hyde
| music11 = Tetsu
| length11 = 3:47
}}
===''[[Yeah! (Def Leppard album)|Yeah!]]'' by [[Def Leppard]]===
Using the ''extra_column'' option to denote each song's original artist:
{{Track listing
| extra_column = Original artist
| title1 = [[20th Century Boy]]
| writer1 = [[Marc Bolan]]
| extra1 = [[T. Rex (band)|T. Rex]]
| length1 = 3:41
| title2 = [[Rock On (Def Leppard song)|Rock On]]
| writer2 = [[David Essex]]
| extra2 = David Essex
| length2 = 2:53
| title3 = [[Hanging on the Telephone]]
| writer3 = [[Jack Lee (musician)|Jack Lee]]
| extra3 = [[The Nerves]]
| length3 = 2:23
| title4 = [[Waterloo Sunset]]
| writer4 = [[Ray Davies]]
| extra4 = [[The Kinks]]
| length4 = 3:38
| title5 = Hell Raiser
| writer5 = [[Mike Chapman]], [[Nicky Chinn]]
| extra5 = [[Sweet (band)|Sweet]]
| length5 = 3:20
| title6 = [[10538 Overture]]
| writer6 = [[Jeff Lynne]]
| extra6 = [[Electric Light Orchestra]]
| length6 = 4:31
| title7 = [[Street Life (Roxy Music song)|Street Life]]
| writer7 = [[Bryan Ferry]]
| extra7 = [[Roxy Music]]
| length7 = 3:26
| title8 = [[Drive-In Saturday]]
| writer8 = [[David Bowie]]
| extra8 = David Bowie
| length8 = 4:07
| title9 = Little Bit of Love
| writer9 = [[Paul Rodgers]], [[Paul Kossoff]], [[Andy Fraser]], [[Simon Kirke]]
| extra9 = [[Free (band)|Free]]
| length9 = 2:34
| title10 = [[The Golden Age of Rock 'n' Roll]]
| writer10 = [[Ian Hunter (singer)|Ian Hunter]]
| extra10 = [[Mott the Hoople]]
| length10 = 3:28
| title11 = [[No Matter What (Badfinger song)|No Matter What]]
| writer11 = [[Pete Ham]]
| extra11 = [[Badfinger]]
| length11 = 2:57
| title12 = [[He's Gonna Step On You Again|He's Gonna Step on You Again]]
| writer12 = [[John Kongos]], [[Christos Demetriou]]
| extra12 = John Kongos
| length12 = 4:05
| title13 = Don't Believe a Word
| writer13 = [[Phil Lynott]]
| extra13 = [[Thin Lizzy]]
| length13 = 2:19
| title14 = [[Stay with Me (Faces song)|Stay with Me]]
| writer14 = [[Rod Stewart]], [[Ronnie Wood]]
| extra14 = [[Faces (band)|Faces]]
| length14 = 4:30
}}
== Presets ==
For editing convenience, here are presets for the various possible track listing configurations. Before saving a track listing created with one of these, consider removing fields that are likely to remain empty in the foreseeable future.
* [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset1|Title, Length]] (with [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset1n|notes]], [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset1e|extra column]], [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset1ne|notes and extra column]])
* [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset2|Title, Writer(s), Length]] (with [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset2n|notes]], [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset2e|extra column]], [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset2ne|notes and extra column]])
* [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset3|Title, Lyrics, Length]] (with [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset3n|notes]], [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset3e|extra column]])
* [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset4|Title, Music, Length]] (with [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset4n|notes]], [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset4e|extra column]])
* [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset5|Title, Lyrics, Music, Length]] (with [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset5n|notes]], [[Template:Track listing/doc/preset5e|extra column]])
== Anchors ==
This template adds [[WP:ANCHOR|anchor]]s to all rows, named {{code|track1}}, {{code|track2}}, {{code|track3}}, and so on.
If this template is used twice on the same page, this will create a naming conflict, and of any duplicate anchors, only first can be linked to.
==Tracking categories==
* {{clc|Pages using track listing with unknown parameters}}
* {{clc|Track listings that use the collapsed parameter}}
* {{clc|Track listings with deprecated parameters}}
* {{clc|Track listings with input errors}}
Previously this template used the parameters <code>writing_credits</code>, <code>lyrics_credits</code> and <code>music_credits</code> to determine which of the Writer(s), Lyrics, and Music columns to display. These parameters are now deprecated, and pages using them are categorized in [[:Category:Track listings with deprecated parameters]].
==See also==
* {{tl|Infobox album}}
* {{tl|Infobox song}}
==TemplateData==
{{TemplateData header}}
{{collapse top|Show TemplateData}}
<templatedata>
{
"params": {
"all_writing": {
"label": "All writing",
"description": "The writer(s) of all (or most) of the tracks.",
"type": "line",
"suggested": true
},
"all_lyrics": {
"label": "All lyrics",
"description": "The lyricist(s) for all (or most) of the tracks.",
"type": "line"
},
"all_music": {
"label": "All music",
"description": "The composer(s) for all (or most) of the tracks.",
"type": "line"
},
"headline": {
"label": "Headline",
"description": "Creates a title for the track listing; may be used to distinguish between different versions of an album, such as deluxe versions, re-masters, etc."
},
"extra_column": {
"label": "Extra column",
"description": "Header text for an extra column. If this parameter is not used, no extra column will be shown. Use sparingly.",
"type": "line"
},
"title0": {
"label": "Title 0",
"description": "Title of track 0.",
"type": "line"
},
"note0": {
"label": "Note 0",
"description": "Brief note about track 0.",
"type": "line"
},
"length0": {
"label": "Length 0",
"description": "Length of track 0. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics0": {
"label": "Lyrics 0",
"description": "Lyricist for track 0. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s) use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music0": {
"label": "Music 0",
"description": "Composer of track 0. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s) use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer0": {
"label": "Writer 0",
"description": "Writer of track 0. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s) use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra0": {
"label": "Extra field 0",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 0. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title1": {
"label": "Title 1",
"description": "Title of track 1.",
"type": "line",
"suggested": true
},
"note1": {
"label": "Note 1",
"description": "Brief note about track 1.",
"type": "line"
},
"length1": {
"label": "Length 1",
"description": "Length of track 1. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line",
"suggested": true
},
"lyrics1": {
"label": "Lyrics 1",
"description": "Lyricist for track 1. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music1": {
"label": "Music 1",
"description": "Composer of track 1. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer1": {
"label": "Writer 1",
"description": "Writer of track 1. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra1": {
"label": "Extra field 1",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 1. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title2": {
"label": "Title 2",
"description": "Title of track 2.",
"type": "line"
},
"note2": {
"label": "Note 2",
"description": "Brief note about track 2.",
"type": "line"
},
"length2": {
"label": "Length 2",
"description": "Length of track 2. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics2": {
"label": "Lyrics 2",
"description": "Lyricist for track 2. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music2": {
"label": "Music 2",
"description": "Composer of track 2. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer2": {
"label": "Writer 2",
"description": "Writer of track 2. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra2": {
"label": "Extra field 2",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 2. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title3": {
"label": "Title 3",
"description": "Title of track 3.",
"type": "line"
},
"note3": {
"label": "Note 3",
"description": "Brief note about track 3.",
"type": "line"
},
"length3": {
"label": "Length 3",
"description": "Length of track 3. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics3": {
"label": "Lyrics 3",
"description": "Lyricist for track 3. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music3": {
"label": "Music 3",
"description": "Composer of track 3. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer3": {
"label": "Writer 3",
"description": "Writer of track 3. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra3": {
"label": "Extra field 3",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 3. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title4": {
"label": "Title 4",
"description": "Title of track 4.",
"type": "line"
},
"note4": {
"label": "Note 4",
"description": "Brief note about track 4.",
"type": "line"
},
"length4": {
"label": "Length 4",
"description": "Length of track 4. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics4": {
"label": "Lyrics 4",
"description": "Lyricist for track 4. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music4": {
"label": "Music 4",
"description": "Composer of track 4. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer4": {
"label": "Writer 4",
"description": "Writer of track 4. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra4": {
"label": "Extra field 4",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 4. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title5": {
"label": "Title 5",
"description": "Title of track 5.",
"type": "line"
},
"note5": {
"label": "Note 5",
"description": "Brief note about track 5.",
"type": "line"
},
"length5": {
"label": "Length 5",
"description": "Length of track 5. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics5": {
"label": "Lyrics 5",
"description": "Lyricist for track 5. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music5": {
"label": "Music 5",
"description": "Composer of track 5. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer5": {
"label": "Writer 5",
"description": "Writer of track 5. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra5": {
"label": "Extra field 5",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 5. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title6": {
"label": "Title 6",
"description": "Title of track 6.",
"type": "line"
},
"note6": {
"label": "Note 6",
"description": "Brief note about track 6.",
"type": "line"
},
"length6": {
"label": "Length 6",
"description": "Length of track 6. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics6": {
"label": "Lyrics 6",
"description": "Lyricist for track 6. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music6": {
"label": "Music 6",
"description": "Composer of track 6. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer6": {
"label": "Writer 6",
"description": "Writer of track 6. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra6": {
"label": "Extra field 6",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 6. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title7": {
"label": "Title 7",
"description": "Title of track 7.",
"type": "line"
},
"note7": {
"label": "Note 7",
"description": "Brief note about track 7.",
"type": "line"
},
"length7": {
"label": "Length 7",
"description": "Length of track 7. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics7": {
"label": "Lyrics 7",
"description": "Lyricist for track 7. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music7": {
"label": "Music 7",
"description": "Composer of track 7. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer7": {
"label": "Writer 7",
"description": "Writer of track 7. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra7": {
"label": "Extra field 7",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 7. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title8": {
"label": "Title 8",
"description": "Title of track 8.",
"type": "line"
},
"note8": {
"label": "Note 8",
"description": "Brief note about track 8.",
"type": "line"
},
"length8": {
"label": "Length 8",
"description": "Length of track 8. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics8": {
"label": "Lyrics 8",
"description": "Lyricist for track 8. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music8": {
"label": "Music 8",
"description": "Composer of track 8. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer8": {
"label": "Writer 8",
"description": "Writer of track 8. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra8": {
"label": "Extra field 8",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 8. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title9": {
"label": "Title 9",
"description": "Title of track 9.",
"type": "line"
},
"note9": {
"label": "Note 9",
"description": "Brief note about track 9.",
"type": "line"
},
"length9": {
"label": "Length 9",
"description": "Length of track 9. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics9": {
"label": "Lyrics 9",
"description": "Lyricist for track 9. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music9": {
"label": "Music 9",
"description": "Composer of track 9. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer9": {
"label": "Writer 9",
"description": "Writer of track 9. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra9": {
"label": "Extra field 9",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 9. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title10": {
"label": "Title 10",
"description": "Title of track 10.",
"type": "line"
},
"note10": {
"label": "Note 10",
"description": "Brief note about track 10.",
"type": "line"
},
"length10": {
"label": "Length 10",
"description": "Length of track 10. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics10": {
"label": "Lyrics 10",
"description": "Lyricist for track 10. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music10": {
"label": "Music 10",
"description": "Composer of track 10. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer10": {
"label": "Writer 10",
"description": "Writer of track 10. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra10": {
"label": "Extra field 10",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 10. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title11": {
"label": "Title 11",
"description": "Title of track 11.",
"type": "line"
},
"note11": {
"label": "Note 11",
"description": "Brief note about track 11.",
"type": "line"
},
"length11": {
"label": "Length 11",
"description": "Length of track 11. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics11": {
"label": "Lyrics 11",
"description": "Lyricist for track 11. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music11": {
"label": "Music 11",
"description": "Composer of track 11. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer11": {
"label": "Writer 11",
"description": "Writer of track 11. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra11": {
"label": "Extra field 11",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 11. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title12": {
"label": "Title 12",
"description": "Title of track 12.",
"type": "line"
},
"note12": {
"label": "Note 12",
"description": "Brief note about track 12.",
"type": "line"
},
"length12": {
"label": "Length 12",
"description": "Length of track 12. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics12": {
"label": "Lyrics 12",
"description": "Lyricist for track 12. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music12": {
"label": "Music 12",
"description": "Composer of track 12. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer12": {
"label": "Writer 12",
"description": "Writer of track 12. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra12": {
"label": "Extra field 12",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 12. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title13": {
"label": "Title 13",
"description": "Title of track 13.",
"type": "line"
},
"note13": {
"label": "Note 13",
"description": "Brief note about track 13.",
"type": "line"
},
"length13": {
"label": "Length 13",
"description": "Length of track 13. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics13": {
"label": "Lyrics 13",
"description": "Lyricist for track 13. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music13": {
"label": "Music 13",
"description": "Composer of track 13. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer13": {
"label": "Writer 13",
"description": "Writer of track 13. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra13": {
"label": "Extra field 13",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 13. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title14": {
"label": "Title 14",
"description": "Title of track 14.",
"type": "line"
},
"note14": {
"label": "Note 14",
"description": "Brief note about track 14.",
"type": "line"
},
"length14": {
"label": "Length 14",
"description": "Length of track 14. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics14": {
"label": "Lyrics 14",
"description": "Lyricist for track 14. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music14": {
"label": "Music 14",
"description": "Composer of track 14. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer14": {
"label": "Writer 14",
"description": "Writer of track 14. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra14": {
"label": "Extra field 14",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 14. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title15": {
"label": "Title 15",
"description": "Title of track 15.",
"type": "line"
},
"note15": {
"label": "Note 15",
"description": "Brief note about track 15.",
"type": "line"
},
"length15": {
"label": "Length 15",
"description": "Length of track 15. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics15": {
"label": "Lyrics 15",
"description": "Lyricist for track 15. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music15": {
"label": "Music 15",
"description": "Composer of track 15. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer15": {
"label": "Writer 15",
"description": "Writer of track 15. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra15": {
"label": "Extra field 15",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 15. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title16": {
"label": "Title 16",
"description": "Title of track 16.",
"type": "line"
},
"note16": {
"label": "Note 16",
"description": "Brief note about track 16.",
"type": "line"
},
"length16": {
"label": "Length 16",
"description": "Length of track 16. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics16": {
"label": "Lyrics 16",
"description": "Lyricist for track 16. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music16": {
"label": "Music 16",
"description": "Composer of track 16. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer16": {
"label": "Writer 16",
"description": "Writer of track 16. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra16": {
"label": "Extra field 16",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 16. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title17": {
"label": "Title 17",
"description": "Title of track 17.",
"type": "line"
},
"note17": {
"label": "Note 17",
"description": "Brief note about track 17.",
"type": "line"
},
"length17": {
"label": "Length 17",
"description": "Length of track 17. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics17": {
"label": "Lyrics 17",
"description": "Lyricist for track 17. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music17": {
"label": "Music 17",
"description": "Composer of track 17. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer17": {
"label": "Writer 17",
"description": "Writer of track 17. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra17": {
"label": "Extra field 17",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 17. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title18": {
"label": "Title 18",
"description": "Title of track 18.",
"type": "line"
},
"note18": {
"label": "Note 18",
"description": "Brief note about track 18.",
"type": "line"
},
"length18": {
"label": "Length 18",
"description": "Length of track 18. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics18": {
"label": "Lyrics 18",
"description": "Lyricist for track 18. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music18": {
"label": "Music 18",
"description": "Composer of track 18. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer18": {
"label": "Writer 18",
"description": "Writer of track 18. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra18": {
"label": "Extra field 18",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 18. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title19": {
"label": "Title 19",
"description": "Title of track 19.",
"type": "line"
},
"note19": {
"label": "Note 19",
"description": "Brief note about track 19.",
"type": "line"
},
"length19": {
"label": "Length 19",
"description": "Length of track 19. Format is m:ss. (mm:ss or even h:mm:ss is fine for long tracks.)",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics19": {
"label": "Lyrics 19",
"description": "Lyricist for track 19. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"music19": {
"label": "Music 19",
"description": "Composer of track 19. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer19": {
"label": "Writer 19",
"description": "Writer of track 19. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra19": {
"label": "Extra field 19",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 19. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter.",
"type": "line"
},
"title20": {
"label": "Title 20",
"description": "Title of track 20. Use title21, title22, etc. for subsequent tracks.",
"type": "line"
},
"note20": {
"label": "Note 20",
"description": "Brief note about track 20. Use note21, note22, etc. for subsequent tracks.",
"type": "line"
},
"length20": {
"label": "Length 20",
"description": "Length of track 20. Use length21, length22, etc. for subsequent tracks.",
"type": "line"
},
"lyrics20": {
"label": "Lyrics 20",
"description": "Lyricist for track 20. If the lyrics of most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_lyrics parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions. Use lyrics21, lyrics22, etc. for subsequent tracks.",
"type": "line"
},
"music20": {
"label": "Music 20",
"description": "Composer of track 20. If most of the tracks are composed by the same person(s), use the all_music parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions. Use music21, music22, etc. for subsequent tracks.",
"type": "line"
},
"writer20": {
"label": "Writer 20",
"description": "Writer of track 20. If most of the tracks are written by the same person(s), use the all_writing parameter instead, and use the note parameters for exceptions. Use writer21, writer22, etc. for subsequent tracks.",
"type": "line"
},
"extra20": {
"label": "Extra field 20",
"description": "Value for the extra column for track 20. The header of the extra column is set with the extra_column parameter. Use extra21, extra22, etc. for subsequent tracks.",
"type": "line"
},
"total_length": {
"label": "Total length",
"description": "The total length of all the tracks in the track listing",
"suggested": true,
"type": "number"
},
"title_width": {
"label": "Column width (Title)",
"description": "Include these parameters to override the default column widths. Note: If the width of a column is overridden, the width of all other columns used in the table must be also overridden for it to appear correctly.",
"example": "30%",
"type": "number"
},
"writing_width": {
"label": "Column width (Writing)",
"description": "Include these parameters to override the default column widths. Note: If the width of a column is overridden, the width of all other columns used in the table must be also overridden for it to appear correctly.",
"example": "30%",
"type": "number"
},
"music_width": {
"label": "Column width (Music)",
"description": "Include these parameters to override the default column widths. Note: If the width of a column is overridden, the width of all other columns used in the table must be also overridden for it to appear correctly.",
"example": "30%",
"type": "number"
},
"lyrics_width": {
"label": "Column width (Lyrics)",
"description": "Include these parameters to override the default column widths. Note: If the width of a column is overridden, the width of all other columns used in the table must be also overridden for it to appear correctly.",
"example": "30%",
"type": "number"
},
"extra_width": {
"label": "Column width (Extra)",
"description": "Include these parameters to override the default column widths. Note: If the width of a column is overridden, the width of all other columns used in the table must be also overridden for it to appear correctly.",
"example": "30%",
"type": "number"
},
"width": {
"label": "Table width (Total)",
"type": "number",
"example": "80%"
}
},
"format": "{{_\n| _____________ = _\n}}\n",
"description": "Generates a track listing for an album or other music recording.",
"paramOrder": [
"headline",
"extra_column",
"total_length",
"all_writing",
"all_lyrics",
"all_music",
"width",
"title_width",
"writing_width",
"music_width",
"lyrics_width",
"extra_width",
"title0",
"note0",
"length0",
"lyrics0",
"music0",
"writer0",
"extra0",
"title1",
"note1",
"length1",
"lyrics1",
"music1",
"writer1",
"extra1",
"title2",
"note2",
"length2",
"lyrics2",
"music2",
"writer2",
"extra2",
"title3",
"note3",
"length3",
"lyrics3",
"music3",
"writer3",
"extra3",
"title4",
"note4",
"length4",
"lyrics4",
"music4",
"writer4",
"extra4",
"title5",
"note5",
"length5",
"lyrics5",
"music5",
"writer5",
"extra5",
"title6",
"note6",
"length6",
"lyrics6",
"music6",
"writer6",
"extra6",
"title7",
"note7",
"length7",
"lyrics7",
"music7",
"writer7",
"extra7",
"title8",
"note8",
"length8",
"lyrics8",
"music8",
"writer8",
"extra8",
"title9",
"note9",
"length9",
"lyrics9",
"music9",
"writer9",
"extra9",
"title10",
"note10",
"length10",
"lyrics10",
"music10",
"writer10",
"extra10",
"title11",
"note11",
"length11",
"lyrics11",
"music11",
"writer11",
"extra11",
"title12",
"note12",
"length12",
"lyrics12",
"music12",
"writer12",
"extra12",
"title13",
"note13",
"length13",
"lyrics13",
"music13",
"writer13",
"extra13",
"title14",
"note14",
"length14",
"lyrics14",
"music14",
"writer14",
"extra14",
"title15",
"note15",
"length15",
"lyrics15",
"music15",
"writer15",
"extra15",
"title16",
"note16",
"length16",
"lyrics16",
"music16",
"writer16",
"extra16",
"title17",
"note17",
"length17",
"lyrics17",
"music17",
"writer17",
"extra17",
"title18",
"note18",
"length18",
"lyrics18",
"music18",
"writer18",
"extra18",
"title19",
"note19",
"length19",
"lyrics19",
"music19",
"writer19",
"extra19",
"title20",
"note20",
"length20",
"lyrics20",
"music20",
"writer20",
"extra20"
]
}
</templatedata>
{{collapse bottom}}
<includeonly>{{Sandbox other||
<!-----CATEGORIES BELOW THIS LINE, PLEASE:----->
[[Category:Music templates]]
[[Category:Table templates]]
[[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]]
}}</includeonly>
9t0bhgkw12o8nk7dc8byre5ubv4wo7t
ಕರಾವಳಿ (ಪಿಚ್ಚರ್)
0
27631
363570
2026-07-30T15:37:01Z
ChiK
1136
ಹೊಸ ಪುಟ: {{Infobox film | name = ಕರಾವಳಿ | image = | caption = ಚಲನಚಿತ್ರದ ಬಿಡುಗಡೆಯ ಪೋಸ್ಟರ್ | director = ಗುರುದತ್ತ ಗಾಣಿಗ | producer = ಗುರುದತ್ತ ಗಾಣಿಗ | story = ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ್ ಬಂದಿಯಪ್ಪ | screenplay = {{ubl|ತೇಜೋವೃಷ|ರವಿ ಶ್ರೀರಾಮ್|ಕೌಶಿಕ್ ಕೂಡ...
363570
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{Infobox film
| name = ಕರಾವಳಿ
| image =
| caption = ಚಲನಚಿತ್ರದ ಬಿಡುಗಡೆಯ ಪೋಸ್ಟರ್
| director = ಗುರುದತ್ತ ಗಾಣಿಗ
| producer = ಗುರುದತ್ತ ಗಾಣಿಗ
| story = ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ್ ಬಂದಿಯಪ್ಪ
| screenplay = {{ubl|ತೇಜೋವೃಷ|ರವಿ ಶ್ರೀರಾಮ್|ಕೌಶಿಕ್ ಕೂಡುರಸ್ತೆ|ಗುರುದತ್ತ ಗಾಣಿಗ}}
| starring = {{ubl|[[ಪ್ರಜ್ವಲ್ ದೇವರಾಜ್]]|[[ರಾಜ್ ಬಿ. ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ]]|ಮಿತ್ರ|ಸಂಪದಾ ಹುಲಿವನ|ರಮೇಶ್ ಇಂದಿರಾ|ಗೋವಿಂದೇ ಗೌಡ|[[ಸುಶ್ಮಿತಾ ಭಟ್]]}}
| music = ಸಚಿನ್ ಬಸ್ರೂರು
| editing = ಪ್ರತೀಕ್ ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ
| cinematography = ಅಭಿಮನ್ಯು ಸದಾನಂದನ್
| studio = {{ubl|ವಿಕೆ ಫಿಲ್ಮ್ಸ್|ಗುರುದತ್ತ ಗಾಣಿಗ ಫಿಲ್ಮ್ಸ್|ಸುರಮ್ ಮೂವೀಸ್|[[ಕೆವಿಎನ್ ಪ್ರೊಡಕ್ಷನ್ಸ್]]}}
| released = {{Film date|2026|07|24|df=y}}
| country = ಭಾರತ
| language = ಕನ್ನಡ
}}
'''ಕರಾವಳಿ''' 2026ತ ಇಸವಿದ ಒಂಜಿ [[ಕನ್ನಡ ಬಾಸೆ|ಕನ್ನಡ]]-ಬಾಸೆದ ಆಕ್ಷನ್-ಡ್ರಾಮಾ ಚಲನಚಿತ್ರ. ಉಂದೆನ್ ಗುರುದತ್ತ ಗಾಣಿಗ ಮೇರ್ ಬರೆಯೆರ್, ನಿರ್ದೇಶನ ಮಂತೆರ್ ಬುಕ್ಕೊ ನಿರ್ಮಾಣಲಾ ಮಂತೆರ್。<ref>{{cite news |title='Karavali': Raj B Shetty as Maveera drips fiery energy in coastal action drama film |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/karavali-raj-b-shetty-as-maveera-drips-fiery-energy-in-coastal-action-drama-film/articleshow/123166064.cms |access-date=26 June 2026 |work=The Times of India |date=7 August 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Today |first1=Telangana |title=Raj B Shetty joins Gurudatha Ganiga's Karavali as Maveera |url=https://telanganatoday.com/raj-b-shetty-joins-gurudatha-ganigas-karavali-as-maveera |access-date=28 June 2026 |work=Telangana Today |date=7 August 2025 |language=en}}</ref> ಈ ಚಿತ್ರಡ್ [[ಪ್ರಜ್ವಲ್ ದೇವರಾಜ್]], [[ರಾಜ್ ಬಿ. ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ]], ಬುಕ್ಕೊ ಸಂಪದಾ ಹುಲಿವನ ಮುಖ್ಯ ಪಾತ್ರೊಡು ನಟಿಸಾವೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sharadhaa |first=A. |date=2026-07-08 |title=Raj B Shetty: 'Karavali is a pure Kannada film' |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/kannada/2026/Jul/08/kannadanews2026jul08raj-b-shetty-karavali-is-a-pure-kannada-film |access-date=2026-07-16 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> ಜತೆಗೆ ಮಿತ್ರ, ರಮೇಶ್ ಇಂದಿರಾ, ಗೋವಿಂದೇ ಗೌಡ ಬುಕ್ಕೊ [[ಸುಶ್ಮಿತಾ ಭಟ್]] ಬೇತೆ ಮುಖ್ಯ ಪಾತ್ರೊಲೆಡ್ ನಟನೆ ಮಂತೆರ್.<ref>{{cite news |last1=The Hindu |title='Karavali' trailer: Prajwal Devaraj, Raj B Shetty starrer promises a gripping saga of revenge and power struggle |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/karavali-trailer-prajwal-devaraj-raj-b-shetty-karavali-kannada-movie-kvn-productions-kambala-revenge-saga/article71197285.ece/amp/ |access-date=9 July 2026 |work=The Hindu |date=8 July 2026 |language=en-IN}}</ref> ಜುಲೈ 24, 2026 ದಾನಿ ಈ ಚಿತ್ರ ಬಿಡುಗಡೆ ಆತ್ಂಡ್.<ref>{{cite news |title=Raj B Shetty, Prajwal Devaraj starrer Karavali trailer out |url=https://www.aninews.in/news/entertainment/bollywood/raj-b-shetty-prajwal-devaraj-starrer-karavali-trailer-out20260707232032/ |access-date=8 July 2026 |work=ANI News |language=en}}</ref>
ಕರ್ನಾಟಕದ ಕರಾವಳಿ ಭಾಗದ ಒರಟು ಹಿನ್ನೆಲೆಡ್ ಈ ಕಥೆ ನಡಪುಂಡು. ಕಂಬಳದ ಸಂಪ್ರದಾಯ, ಸ್ಥಳೀಯ ಅಸ್ಮಿತೆ ಬುಕ್ಕೊ ಮನುಷ್ಯೆ ಬುಕ್ಕೊ ಪ್ರಕೃತಿನ್ ನಡತುವಿನ ಸಂಘರ್ಷದ ಸುತ್ತ ಈ ಸಿನಿಮಾ ನಡಪುಂಡು.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ponnappa |first=Sanjay |date=2026-07-07 |title=Karavali trailer: Prajwal-Raj B Shetty film unpacks Kambala, pride and politics |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/karavali-trailer-prajwal-devaraj-raj-b-shetty-kambala-action-drama-july-24-release-2942752-2026-07-07 |access-date=2026-07-12 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>
== ಪಾತ್ರವರ್ಗ ==
* [[ಪ್ರಜ್ವಲ್ ದೇವರಾಜ್]]
* [[ರಾಜ್ ಬಿ. ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ]] - ಮಾವೀರನ ಪಾತ್ರೊಡು
* ಮಿತ್ರ - ಮಹಾಬಲನ ಪಾತ್ರೊಡು
* ಸಂಪದಾ ಹುಲಿವನ
* ರಮೇಶ್ ಇಂದಿರಾ
* ಗೋವಿಂದೇ ಗೌಡ
* ನಿರಂಜನ್ ರಾಜು
* [[ಸುಶ್ಮಿತಾ ಭಟ್]] - ಭೂಮಿ ಪಾತ್ರೊಡು (ವಿಶೇಷ ಪಾತ್ರ)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sharadhaa |first=A. |date=2025-11-25 |title=Sushmitha Bhatt: The key reason to sign Karavalli was to work with Raj B Shetty |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/kannada/2025/Nov/25/kannadanews2025nov25sushmitha-bhatt-the-key-reason-to-sign-karavalli-was-to-work-with-raj-b-shetty |access-date=2026-05-23 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
== ಸಂಗೀತ ==
ಈ ಚಿತ್ರದ ಹಿನ್ನೆಲೆ ಸಂಗೀತ ಬುಕ್ಕೊ ಹಾಡುಲೆನ್ ಸಚಿನ್ ಬಸ್ರೂರು ಮೇರ್ ಸಂಯೋಜನೆ ಮಂತೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Karavali Cover Video Song - Rage Of Kambala Kannada Video Songs - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/entertainment/music/kannada/karavali-cover-video-song-rage-of-kambala/videoshow/132428166.cms |access-date=2026-07-16 |website=timesofindia.indiatimes.com |language=en}}</ref>
{{Track listing
| extra_column = ಗಾಯಕರು
| title1 = ಮುದ್ದು ಗುಮ್ಮ
| length1 = 5:13
| lyrics1 = ಪ್ರಮೋದ್ ಮರವಂತೆ
| extra1 = [[ಸಿದ್ ಶ್ರೀರಾಮ್]]
| title2 = ಬಾ ಕರಾವಳಿಗೆ
| length2 = 3:15
| lyrics2 = ಪ್ರಮೋದ್ ಮರವಂತೆ
| extra2 = [[ಸಾಯಿ ವಿಕ್ರೇಶ್]]
| title3 = ರೇಜ್ ಆಫ್ ಕಂಬಳ
| length3 = 3:08
| lyrics3 = ಪ್ರಮೋದ್ ಮರವಂತೆ
| extra3 = ಆನಂದ್ ಶ್ರೀರಾಜ್}}
== ಉಲ್ಲೇಕೊಲು ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:2026ತ ಚಲನಚಿತ್ರೊಲು]]
[[Category:ಭಾರತೀಯ ಚಲನಚಿತ್ರೊಲು]]
[[Category:ಕನ್ನಡ ಚಲನಚಿತ್ರೊಲು]]
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{{Infobox film
| name = ಕರಾವಳಿ
| image = ಕರಾವಳಿ_(ಪಿಚ್ಚರ್).jpeg
| caption = ಚಲನಚಿತ್ರದ ಬಿಡುಗಡೆಯ ಪೋಸ್ಟರ್
| director = ಗುರುದತ್ತ ಗಾಣಿಗ
| producer = ಗುರುದತ್ತ ಗಾಣಿಗ
| story = ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ್ ಬಂದಿಯಪ್ಪ
| screenplay = {{ubl|ತೇಜೋವೃಷ|ರವಿ ಶ್ರೀರಾಮ್|ಕೌಶಿಕ್ ಕೂಡುರಸ್ತೆ|ಗುರುದತ್ತ ಗಾಣಿಗ}}
| starring = {{ubl|[[ಪ್ರಜ್ವಲ್ ದೇವರಾಜ್]]|[[ರಾಜ್ ಬಿ. ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ]]|ಮಿತ್ರ|ಸಂಪದಾ ಹುಲಿವನ|ರಮೇಶ್ ಇಂದಿರಾ|ಗೋವಿಂದೇ ಗೌಡ|[[ಸುಶ್ಮಿತಾ ಭಟ್]]}}
| music = ಸಚಿನ್ ಬಸ್ರೂರು
| editing = ಪ್ರತೀಕ್ ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ
| cinematography = ಅಭಿಮನ್ಯು ಸದಾನಂದನ್
| studio = {{ubl|ವಿಕೆ ಫಿಲ್ಮ್ಸ್|ಗುರುದತ್ತ ಗಾಣಿಗ ಫಿಲ್ಮ್ಸ್|ಸುರಮ್ ಮೂವೀಸ್|[[ಕೆವಿಎನ್ ಪ್ರೊಡಕ್ಷನ್ಸ್]]}}
| released = {{Film date|2026|07|24|df=y}}
| country = ಭಾರತ
| language = ಕನ್ನಡ
}}
'''ಕರಾವಳಿ''' 2026ತ ಇಸವಿದ ಒಂಜಿ [[ಕನ್ನಡ ಬಾಸೆ|ಕನ್ನಡ]]-ಬಾಸೆದ ಆಕ್ಷನ್-ಡ್ರಾಮಾ ಚಲನಚಿತ್ರ. ಉಂದೆನ್ ಗುರುದತ್ತ ಗಾಣಿಗ ಮೇರ್ ಬರೆಯೆರ್, ನಿರ್ದೇಶನ ಮಂತೆರ್ ಬುಕ್ಕೊ ನಿರ್ಮಾಣಲಾ ಮಂತೆರ್。<ref>{{cite news |title='Karavali': Raj B Shetty as Maveera drips fiery energy in coastal action drama film |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/karavali-raj-b-shetty-as-maveera-drips-fiery-energy-in-coastal-action-drama-film/articleshow/123166064.cms |access-date=26 June 2026 |work=The Times of India |date=7 August 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Today |first1=Telangana |title=Raj B Shetty joins Gurudatha Ganiga's Karavali as Maveera |url=https://telanganatoday.com/raj-b-shetty-joins-gurudatha-ganigas-karavali-as-maveera |access-date=28 June 2026 |work=Telangana Today |date=7 August 2025 |language=en}}</ref> ಈ ಚಿತ್ರಡ್ [[ಪ್ರಜ್ವಲ್ ದೇವರಾಜ್]], [[ರಾಜ್ ಬಿ. ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ]], ಬುಕ್ಕೊ ಸಂಪದಾ ಹುಲಿವನ ಮುಖ್ಯ ಪಾತ್ರೊಡು ನಟಿಸಾವೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sharadhaa |first=A. |date=2026-07-08 |title=Raj B Shetty: 'Karavali is a pure Kannada film' |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/kannada/2026/Jul/08/kannadanews2026jul08raj-b-shetty-karavali-is-a-pure-kannada-film |access-date=2026-07-16 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> ಜತೆಗೆ ಮಿತ್ರ, ರಮೇಶ್ ಇಂದಿರಾ, ಗೋವಿಂದೇ ಗೌಡ ಬುಕ್ಕೊ [[ಸುಶ್ಮಿತಾ ಭಟ್]] ಬೇತೆ ಮುಖ್ಯ ಪಾತ್ರೊಲೆಡ್ ನಟನೆ ಮಂತೆರ್.<ref>{{cite news |last1=The Hindu |title='Karavali' trailer: Prajwal Devaraj, Raj B Shetty starrer promises a gripping saga of revenge and power struggle |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/karavali-trailer-prajwal-devaraj-raj-b-shetty-karavali-kannada-movie-kvn-productions-kambala-revenge-saga/article71197285.ece/amp/ |access-date=9 July 2026 |work=The Hindu |date=8 July 2026 |language=en-IN}}</ref> ಜುಲೈ 24, 2026 ದಾನಿ ಈ ಚಿತ್ರ ಬಿಡುಗಡೆ ಆತ್ಂಡ್.<ref>{{cite news |title=Raj B Shetty, Prajwal Devaraj starrer Karavali trailer out |url=https://www.aninews.in/news/entertainment/bollywood/raj-b-shetty-prajwal-devaraj-starrer-karavali-trailer-out20260707232032/ |access-date=8 July 2026 |work=ANI News |language=en}}</ref>
ಕರ್ನಾಟಕದ ಕರಾವಳಿ ಭಾಗದ ಒರಟು ಹಿನ್ನೆಲೆಡ್ ಈ ಕಥೆ ನಡಪುಂಡು. ಕಂಬಳದ ಸಂಪ್ರದಾಯ, ಸ್ಥಳೀಯ ಅಸ್ಮಿತೆ ಬುಕ್ಕೊ ಮನುಷ್ಯೆ ಬುಕ್ಕೊ ಪ್ರಕೃತಿನ್ ನಡತುವಿನ ಸಂಘರ್ಷದ ಸುತ್ತ ಈ ಸಿನಿಮಾ ನಡಪುಂಡು.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ponnappa |first=Sanjay |date=2026-07-07 |title=Karavali trailer: Prajwal-Raj B Shetty film unpacks Kambala, pride and politics |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/karavali-trailer-prajwal-devaraj-raj-b-shetty-kambala-action-drama-july-24-release-2942752-2026-07-07 |access-date=2026-07-12 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>
== ಪಾತ್ರವರ್ಗ ==
* [[ಪ್ರಜ್ವಲ್ ದೇವರಾಜ್]]
* [[ರಾಜ್ ಬಿ. ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ]] - ಮಾವೀರನ ಪಾತ್ರೊಡು
* ಮಿತ್ರ - ಮಹಾಬಲನ ಪಾತ್ರೊಡು
* ಸಂಪದಾ ಹುಲಿವನ
* ರಮೇಶ್ ಇಂದಿರಾ
* ಗೋವಿಂದೇ ಗೌಡ
* ನಿರಂಜನ್ ರಾಜು
* [[ಸುಶ್ಮಿತಾ ಭಟ್]] - ಭೂಮಿ ಪಾತ್ರೊಡು (ವಿಶೇಷ ಪಾತ್ರ)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sharadhaa |first=A. |date=2025-11-25 |title=Sushmitha Bhatt: The key reason to sign Karavalli was to work with Raj B Shetty |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/kannada/2025/Nov/25/kannadanews2025nov25sushmitha-bhatt-the-key-reason-to-sign-karavalli-was-to-work-with-raj-b-shetty |access-date=2026-05-23 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
== ಸಂಗೀತ ==
ಈ ಚಿತ್ರದ ಹಿನ್ನೆಲೆ ಸಂಗೀತ ಬುಕ್ಕೊ ಹಾಡುಲೆನ್ ಸಚಿನ್ ಬಸ್ರೂರು ಮೇರ್ ಸಂಯೋಜನೆ ಮಂತೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Karavali Cover Video Song - Rage Of Kambala Kannada Video Songs - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/entertainment/music/kannada/karavali-cover-video-song-rage-of-kambala/videoshow/132428166.cms |access-date=2026-07-16 |website=timesofindia.indiatimes.com |language=en}}</ref>
{{Track listing
| extra_column = ಗಾಯಕರು
| title1 = ಮುದ್ದು ಗುಮ್ಮ
| length1 = 5:13
| lyrics1 = ಪ್ರಮೋದ್ ಮರವಂತೆ
| extra1 = [[ಸಿದ್ ಶ್ರೀರಾಮ್]]
| title2 = ಬಾ ಕರಾವಳಿಗೆ
| length2 = 3:15
| lyrics2 = ಪ್ರಮೋದ್ ಮರವಂತೆ
| extra2 = [[ಸಾಯಿ ವಿಕ್ರೇಶ್]]
| title3 = ರೇಜ್ ಆಫ್ ಕಂಬಳ
| length3 = 3:08
| lyrics3 = ಪ್ರಮೋದ್ ಮರವಂತೆ
| extra3 = ಆನಂದ್ ಶ್ರೀರಾಜ್}}
== ಉಲ್ಲೇಕೊಲು ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:2026ತ ಚಲನಚಿತ್ರೊಲು]]
[[Category:ಭಾರತೀಯ ಚಲನಚಿತ್ರೊಲು]]
[[Category:ಕನ್ನಡ ಚಲನಚಿತ್ರೊಲು]]
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{{Infobox film
| name = ಕರಾವಳಿ
| image = ಕರಾವಳಿ_(ಪಿಚ್ಚರ್).jpeg
| caption = ಚಲನಚಿತ್ರದ ಬಿಡುಗಡೆಯ ಪೋಸ್ಟರ್
| director = ಗುರುದತ್ತ ಗಾಣಿಗ
| producer = ಗುರುದತ್ತ ಗಾಣಿಗ
| story = ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ್ ಬಂದಿಯಪ್ಪ
| screenplay = {{ubl|ತೇಜೋವೃಷ|ರವಿ ಶ್ರೀರಾಮ್|ಕೌಶಿಕ್ ಕೂಡುರಸ್ತೆ|ಗುರುದತ್ತ ಗಾಣಿಗ}}
| starring = {{ubl|[[ಪ್ರಜ್ವಲ್ ದೇವರಾಜ್]]|[[ರಾಜ್ ಬಿ. ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ]]|ಮಿತ್ರ|ಸಂಪದಾ ಹುಲಿವನ|ರಮೇಶ್ ಇಂದಿರಾ|ಗೋವಿಂದೇ ಗೌಡ|[[ಸುಶ್ಮಿತಾ ಭಟ್]]}}
| music = ಸಚಿನ್ ಬಸ್ರೂರು
| editing = ಪ್ರತೀಕ್ ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ
| cinematography = ಅಭಿಮನ್ಯು ಸದಾನಂದನ್
| studio = {{ubl|ವಿಕೆ ಫಿಲ್ಮ್ಸ್|ಗುರುದತ್ತ ಗಾಣಿಗ ಫಿಲ್ಮ್ಸ್|ಸುರಮ್ ಮೂವೀಸ್|[[ಕೆವಿಎನ್ ಪ್ರೊಡಕ್ಷನ್ಸ್]]}}
| released = {{Film date|2026|07|24|df=y}}
| country = ಭಾರತ
| language = ಕನ್ನಡ
}}
'''ಕರಾವಳಿ''' 2026ತ ಇಸವಿದ ಒಂಜಿ [[ಕನ್ನಡ ಬಾಸೆ|ಕನ್ನಡ]]-ಬಾಸೆದ ಆಕ್ಷನ್-ಡ್ರಾಮಾ ಚಲನಚಿತ್ರ. ಉಂದೆನ್ ಗುರುದತ್ತ ಗಾಣಿಗ ಮೇರ್ ಬರೆಯೆರ್, ನಿರ್ದೇಶನ ಮಂತೆರ್ ಬುಕ್ಕೊ ನಿರ್ಮಾಣಲಾ ಮಂತೆರ್<ref>{{cite news |title='Karavali': Raj B Shetty as Maveera drips fiery energy in coastal action drama film |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/karavali-raj-b-shetty-as-maveera-drips-fiery-energy-in-coastal-action-drama-film/articleshow/123166064.cms |access-date=26 June 2026 |work=The Times of India |date=7 August 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Today |first1=Telangana |title=Raj B Shetty joins Gurudatha Ganiga's Karavali as Maveera |url=https://telanganatoday.com/raj-b-shetty-joins-gurudatha-ganigas-karavali-as-maveera |access-date=28 June 2026 |work=Telangana Today |date=7 August 2025 |language=en}}</ref> ಈ ಚಿತ್ರಡ್ [[ಪ್ರಜ್ವಲ್ ದೇವರಾಜ್]], [[ರಾಜ್ ಬಿ. ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ]], ಬುಕ್ಕೊ ಸಂಪದಾ ಹುಲಿವನ ಮುಖ್ಯ ಪಾತ್ರೊಡು ನಟಿಸಾವೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sharadhaa |first=A. |date=2026-07-08 |title=Raj B Shetty: 'Karavali is a pure Kannada film' |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/kannada/2026/Jul/08/kannadanews2026jul08raj-b-shetty-karavali-is-a-pure-kannada-film |access-date=2026-07-16 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> ಜತೆಗೆ ಮಿತ್ರ, ರಮೇಶ್ ಇಂದಿರಾ, ಗೋವಿಂದೇ ಗೌಡ ಬುಕ್ಕೊ [[ಸುಶ್ಮಿತಾ ಭಟ್]] ಬೇತೆ ಮುಖ್ಯ ಪಾತ್ರೊಲೆಡ್ ನಟನೆ ಮಂತೆರ್.<ref>{{cite news |last1=The Hindu |title='Karavali' trailer: Prajwal Devaraj, Raj B Shetty starrer promises a gripping saga of revenge and power struggle |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/karavali-trailer-prajwal-devaraj-raj-b-shetty-karavali-kannada-movie-kvn-productions-kambala-revenge-saga/article71197285.ece/amp/ |access-date=9 July 2026 |work=The Hindu |date=8 July 2026 |language=en-IN}}</ref> ಜುಲೈ 24, 2026 ದಾನಿ ಈ ಚಿತ್ರ ಬಿಡುಗಡೆ ಆತ್ಂಡ್.<ref>{{cite news |title=Raj B Shetty, Prajwal Devaraj starrer Karavali trailer out |url=https://www.aninews.in/news/entertainment/bollywood/raj-b-shetty-prajwal-devaraj-starrer-karavali-trailer-out20260707232032/ |access-date=8 July 2026 |work=ANI News |language=en}}</ref>
ಕರ್ನಾಟಕದ ಕರಾವಳಿ ಭಾಗದ ಒರಟು ಹಿನ್ನೆಲೆಡ್ ಈ ಕಥೆ ನಡಪುಂಡು. ಕಂಬಳದ ಸಂಪ್ರದಾಯ, ಸ್ಥಳೀಯ ಅಸ್ಮಿತೆ ಬುಕ್ಕೊ ಮನುಷ್ಯೆ ಬುಕ್ಕೊ ಪ್ರಕೃತಿನ್ ನಡುತ ಸಂಘರ್ಷದ ಸುತ್ತ ಈ ಸಿನಿಮಾ ನಡಪುಂಡು.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ponnappa |first=Sanjay |date=2026-07-07 |title=Karavali trailer: Prajwal-Raj B Shetty film unpacks Kambala, pride and politics |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/karavali-trailer-prajwal-devaraj-raj-b-shetty-kambala-action-drama-july-24-release-2942752-2026-07-07 |access-date=2026-07-12 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>
== ಪಾತ್ರವರ್ಗ ==
* [[ಪ್ರಜ್ವಲ್ ದೇವರಾಜ್]]
* [[ರಾಜ್ ಬಿ. ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ]] - ಮಾವೀರನ ಪಾತ್ರೊಡು
* ಮಿತ್ರ - ಮಹಾಬಲನ ಪಾತ್ರೊಡು
* ಸಂಪದಾ ಹುಲಿವನ
* ರಮೇಶ್ ಇಂದಿರಾ
* ಗೋವಿಂದೇ ಗೌಡ
* ನಿರಂಜನ್ ರಾಜು
* [[ಸುಶ್ಮಿತಾ ಭಟ್]] - ಭೂಮಿ ಪಾತ್ರೊಡು (ವಿಶೇಷ ಪಾತ್ರ)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sharadhaa |first=A. |date=2025-11-25 |title=Sushmitha Bhatt: The key reason to sign Karavalli was to work with Raj B Shetty |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/kannada/2025/Nov/25/kannadanews2025nov25sushmitha-bhatt-the-key-reason-to-sign-karavalli-was-to-work-with-raj-b-shetty |access-date=2026-05-23 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
== ಸಂಗೀತ ==
ಈ ಚಿತ್ರದ ಹಿನ್ನೆಲೆ ಸಂಗೀತ ಬುಕ್ಕೊ ಹಾಡುಲೆನ್ ಸಚಿನ್ ಬಸ್ರೂರು ಮೇರ್ ಸಂಯೋಜನೆ ಮಂತೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Karavali Cover Video Song - Rage Of Kambala Kannada Video Songs - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/entertainment/music/kannada/karavali-cover-video-song-rage-of-kambala/videoshow/132428166.cms |access-date=2026-07-16 |website=timesofindia.indiatimes.com |language=en}}</ref>
{{Track listing
| extra_column = ಗಾಯಕರು
| title1 = ಮುದ್ದು ಗುಮ್ಮ
| length1 = 5:13
| lyrics1 = ಪ್ರಮೋದ್ ಮರವಂತೆ
| extra1 = [[ಸಿದ್ ಶ್ರೀರಾಮ್]]
| title2 = ಬಾ ಕರಾವಳಿಗೆ
| length2 = 3:15
| lyrics2 = ಪ್ರಮೋದ್ ಮರವಂತೆ
| extra2 = [[ಸಾಯಿ ವಿಕ್ರೇಶ್]]
| title3 = ರೇಜ್ ಆಫ್ ಕಂಬಳ
| length3 = 3:08
| lyrics3 = ಪ್ರಮೋದ್ ಮರವಂತೆ
| extra3 = ಆನಂದ್ ಶ್ರೀರಾಜ್}}
== ಉಲ್ಲೇಕೊಲು ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:2026ತ ಚಲನಚಿತ್ರೊಲು]]
[[Category:ಭಾರತೀಯ ಚಲನಚಿತ್ರೊಲು]]
[[Category:ಕನ್ನಡ ಚಲನಚಿತ್ರೊಲು]]
e3ld2lp6fr3d8sv3lh4mfnfmid4p0ew
ಪಾಟ್ನಾ
0
27632
363571
2026-07-30T16:29:04Z
Mahaveer Indra
1023
ಪೊಸ ಬರವು
363571
wikitext
text/x-wiki
'''ಪಾಟ್ನಾ''' ('''ಪಟ್ನಾ''' ಪಂದ್ಲಾ ಲೆಪ್ಪುವೆರ್. ಇತಿಹಾಸೊಡು ''ಪಾಟಲಿಪುತ್ರ'' ಪಂದ್ ಪುದರ್ ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್.) ಭಾರತದ ಬಿಹಾರ ರಾಜ್ಯೊದ ರಾಜಧಾನಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಮಲ್ಲ ನಗರ. 2018ನೇ ಇಸವಿದ ಪೊರ್ತುಗು, ಪಾಟ್ನಾದ ಜನಸಂಖ್ಯೆ 2.35 ಮಿಲಿಯನ್ ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಉಂದು ಭಾರತದ 19ನೇ ಮಲ್ಲ ನಗರ ಆತ್ಂಡ್. ಒಟ್ಟು 250 ಚದರ ಕಿಲೋಮೀಟರ್ ವ್ಯಾಪ್ತಿಡ್ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಪೇಂಟೆ ಉಂಡು. ಪಾಟ್ನಾಡ್ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಹೈಕೋರ್ಟ್ದ ಮುಖ್ಯಸ್ಥಾನಲಾ ಉಂಡು. ಬೌದ್ಧ, ಹಿಂದೂ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಜೈನ ಧರ್ಮದ ಪುಣ್ಯಕ್ಷೇತ್ರಲಾಯಿನ ವೈಶಾಲಿ, ರಾಜಗೀರ್, ನಳಂದ, ಬೋಧ್ ಗಯಾ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪಾವಾಪುರಿ ಪಾಟ್ನಾದ ಕೈತಲ್ಡ್ ಉಂಡು. ಅಂಚನೆ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಸಿಖ್ಖೆರೆಗ್ ಪವಿತ್ರವಾಯಿನ ನಗರ ಆದುಂಡು. ಸಿಖ್ಖೆರೆನ ಪತ್ತನೇ ಗುರು ಆಯಿನ ಗುರು ಗೋಬಿಂದ್ ಸಿಂಗ್ ಮೂಲು ಪುಟ್ಟುದಿತ್ತೆರ್. ಇತ್ತೆದ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ನಗರ ಮುಖ್ಯವಾದ್ ಗಂಗಾ ತುದೆತ ತೆನ್ಕಾಯಿ ಬರಿಟ್ ಉಂಡು. ಈ ನಗರದ ಕೈತಲ್ ಸೋನ್, ಗಂಡಕ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪುನ್ಪುನ್ ತುದೆಕುಲುಲಾ ಪರಪುವ. ಈ ನಗರ ಸುಮಾರ್ 35 ಕಿಲೋಮೀಟರ್ ಉದ್ದ ಬೊಕ್ಕ 16 ಡ್ದ್ 18 ಕಿಲೋಮೀಟರ್ ಅಗೆಲ ಉಂಡು.
ಪ್ರಪಂಚೊಡು ಜನಕುಲು ಬದ್ಕ್ದ್ ಇಪ್ಪುನ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಪರತ್ತ್ ಜಾಗೆಲೆಡ್ ಒಂಜಾಯಿನ ಪಾಟ್ನಾನ್ ಕ್ರಿ.ಪೂ. 490ಡ್ ಮಗಧದ ರಾಜೆರ್ ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಅಪಗ ಈ ಪೇಂಟೆಗ್ ಪಾಟಲಿಪುತ್ರ ಪಂದ್ ಪುದರ್ ಇತ್ಂಡ್. ಪಾಟಲೀಪುತ್ರ ಹರ್ಯಂಕ, ನಂದ, ಮೌರ್ಯ, ಶುಂಗ, ಗುಪ್ತ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪಾಲ ರಾಜವಂಶೊಲೆನ ಕಾಲೊಡು ಮಗಧ ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯದ ರಾಜಧಾನಿ ಮೆರೆಯೊಂದಿತ್ತಿನ ಒಂಜಿ ಮಲ್ಲ ನಗರ. ವಿದ್ಯಾದಾನೊದ ಕೇಂದ್ರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಲಲಿತ ಕಲೆಕುಲೆನ ಒಂಜಿ ಮಲ್ಲ ಕೇಂದ್ರವಾದಿತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಆರ್ಯಭಟ, ವಾತ್ಸ್ಯಾಯನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಚಾಣಕ್ಯೆರೆನಂಚಿನ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಖಗೋಳಶಾಸ್ತ್ರಜ್ಞೆರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ವಿದ್ವಾಂಸೆರೆಗ್ ಉಂದು ನೆಲೆ ಆದಿತ್ತ್ಂಡ್.
gllxlxm2btzu1i5bimrajdjf8ik5jdm
363578
363571
2026-07-30T16:38:03Z
Mahaveer Indra
1023
363578
wikitext
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'''ಪಾಟ್ನಾ''' ('''ಪಟ್ನಾ''' ಪಂದ್ಲಾ ಲೆಪ್ಪುವೆರ್. ಇತಿಹಾಸೊಡು ''ಪಾಟಲಿಪುತ್ರ''<ref>{{cite web |title=History |url=https://patna.nic.in/history/ |website=patna.nic.in |publisher=National Informatics Centre, Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology, Government of India |access-date=30 July 2026}}</ref> ಪಂದ್ ಪುದರ್ ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್.) ಭಾರತದ ಬಿಹಾರ ರಾಜ್ಯೊದ ರಾಜಧಾನಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಮಲ್ಲ ನಗರ. 2018ನೇ ಇಸವಿದ ಪೊರ್ತುಗು, ಪಾಟ್ನಾದ ಜನಸಂಖ್ಯೆ 2.35 ಮಿಲಿಯನ್ ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಉಂದು ಭಾರತದ 19ನೇ ಮಲ್ಲ ನಗರ ಆತ್ಂಡ್. ಒಟ್ಟು 250 ಚದರ ಕಿಲೋಮೀಟರ್ ವ್ಯಾಪ್ತಿಡ್ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಪೇಂಟೆ ಉಂಡು. ಪಾಟ್ನಾಡ್ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಹೈಕೋರ್ಟ್ದ ಮುಖ್ಯಸ್ಥಾನಲಾ ಉಂಡು. ಬೌದ್ಧ, ಹಿಂದೂ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಜೈನ ಧರ್ಮದ ಪುಣ್ಯಕ್ಷೇತ್ರಲಾಯಿನ ವೈಶಾಲಿ, ರಾಜಗೀರ್, ನಳಂದ, ಬೋಧ್ ಗಯಾ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪಾವಾಪುರಿ ಪಾಟ್ನಾದ ಕೈತಲ್ಡ್ ಉಂಡು. ಅಂಚನೆ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಸಿಖ್ಖೆರೆಗ್ ಪವಿತ್ರವಾಯಿನ ನಗರ ಆದುಂಡು. ಸಿಖ್ಖೆರೆನ ಪತ್ತನೇ ಗುರು ಆಯಿನ ಗುರು ಗೋಬಿಂದ್ ಸಿಂಗ್ ಮೂಲು ಪುಟ್ಟುದಿತ್ತೆರ್.<ref>{{cite news|last=Verma|first=Kumod|date=30 December 2001|title=Gurdwara gears up for Guru's jayanti|work=[[The Times of India]]|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/Gurdwara-gears-up-for-Gurus-jayanti/articleshow/695284660.cms|url-status=live|access-date=4 March 2012|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120710120512/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2001-12-30/patna/27246437_1_patna-saheb-guru-gobind-tenth-guru|archive-date=10 July 2012}}</ref> ಪಾಟಲಿಪುತ್ರ ವಿದ್ಯಾಕೇಂದ್ರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಲಲಿತಕಲೆತ ಒಂಜಿ ಮಲ್ಲ ಕೇಂದ್ರ ಆದಿತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಆರ್ಯಭಟ, ವಾತ್ಸ್ಯಾಯನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಚಾಣಕ್ಯೆರೆನಂಚಿನ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಖಗೋಳಶಾಸ್ತ್ರಜ್ಞೆರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ವಿದ್ವಾಂಸೆರೆಗ್ ಉಂದು ನೆಲೆ ಆದಿತ್ತ್ಂಡ್.<ref>{{cite web |title=Patna Tour |url=http://www.cultureholidays.com/patna/ |publisher=cultureholidays.com |access-date=28 August 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160404022210/http://cultureholidays.com/patna/ |archive-date=4 April 2016 }}</ref> ಇತ್ತೆದ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ನಗರ ಮುಖ್ಯವಾದ್ ಗಂಗಾ ತುದೆತ ತೆನ್ಕಾಯಿ ಬರಿಟ್ ಉಂಡು. ಈ ನಗರದ ಕೈತಲ್ ಸೋನ್, ಗಂಡಕ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪುನ್ಪುನ್ ತುದೆಕುಲುಲಾ ಪರಪುವ. ಈ ನಗರ ಸುಮಾರ್ 35 ಕಿಲೋಮೀಟರ್ ಉದ್ದ ಬೊಕ್ಕ 16 ಡ್ದ್ 18 ಕಿಲೋಮೀಟರ್ ಅಗೆಲ ಉಂಡು.
ಪ್ರಪಂಚೊಡು ಜನಕುಲು ಬದ್ಕ್ದ್ ಇಪ್ಪುನ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಪರತ್ತ್ ಜಾಗೆಲೆಡ್ ಒಂಜಾಯಿನ ಪಾಟ್ನಾನ್ ಕ್ರಿ.ಪೂ. 490ಡ್ ಮಗಧದ ರಾಜೆರ್ ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಅಪಗ ಈ ಪೇಂಟೆಗ್ ಪಾಟಲಿಪುತ್ರ ಪಂದ್ ಪುದರ್ ಇತ್ಂಡ್. ಪಾಟಲೀಪುತ್ರ ಹರ್ಯಂಕ, ನಂದ, ಮೌರ್ಯ, ಶುಂಗ, ಗುಪ್ತ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪಾಲ ರಾಜವಂಶೊಲೆನ ಕಾಲೊಡು ಮಗಧ ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯದ ರಾಜಧಾನಿ ಮೆರೆಯೊಂದಿತ್ತಿನ ಒಂಜಿ ಮಲ್ಲ ನಗರ. ವಿದ್ಯಾದಾನೊದ ಕೇಂದ್ರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಲಲಿತ ಕಲೆಕುಲೆನ ಒಂಜಿ ಮಲ್ಲ ಕೇಂದ್ರವಾದಿತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಆರ್ಯಭಟ, ವಾತ್ಸ್ಯಾಯನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಚಾಣಕ್ಯೆರೆನಂಚಿನ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಖಗೋಳಶಾಸ್ತ್ರಜ್ಞೆರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ವಿದ್ವಾಂಸೆರೆಗ್ ಉಂದು ನೆಲೆ ಆದಿತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಮೌರ್ಯ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಗುಪ್ತ ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯೊಲೆನ ಕಾಲೊಡು ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಅಧಿಕಾರ, ರಾಜಕೀಯ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಸಾಂಸ್ಕೃತಿಕ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆದ ಕೇಂದ್ರವಾದ್ ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಗುಪ್ತ ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯ ಬೂರ್ದು ಪೋಯಿಬೊಕ್ಕ, ಪಾಟಲೀಪುತ್ರದ ಪೊರ್ಲು ಪುಗರ್ತೆಲಾ ಕಳೆದ್ ಪೋಂಡು. ನಮ ದೇಸೊಗು ಬ್ರಿಟೀಷೆರ್ ಕಾರ್ ದೀಬೊಕ್ಕ 17ನೇ ಶತಮಾನೊಡು ಉಂದೆನ್ ಅಂತರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ವ್ಯಾಪಾರದ ಕೇಂದ್ರವಾದ್ ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. 1912ಡ್ ಬಂಗಾಳ ಪ್ರೆಸಿಡೆನ್ಸಿದ ವಿಭಜನೆ ಆಯಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ, ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಬಿಹಾರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಒರಿಸ್ಸಾ ಪ್ರಾಂತ್ಯದ ರಾಜಧಾನಿ ಆಂಡ್.
==ಪುದರ್==
==ಇತಿಹಾಸೊ==
==ಉಲ್ಲೇಕ==
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'''ಪಾಟ್ನಾ''' ('''ಪಟ್ನಾ''' ಪಂದ್ಲಾ ಲೆಪ್ಪುವೆರ್. ಇತಿಹಾಸೊಡು ''ಪಾಟಲಿಪುತ್ರ''<ref>{{cite web |title=History |url=https://patna.nic.in/history/ |website=patna.nic.in |publisher=National Informatics Centre, Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology, Government of India |access-date=30 July 2026}}</ref> ಪಂದ್ ಪುದರ್ ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್.) ಭಾರತದ ಬಿಹಾರ ರಾಜ್ಯೊದ ರಾಜಧಾನಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಮಲ್ಲ ನಗರ. 2018ನೇ ಇಸವಿದ ಪೊರ್ತುಗು, ಪಾಟ್ನಾದ ಜನಸಂಖ್ಯೆ 2.35 ಮಿಲಿಯನ್ ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಉಂದು ಭಾರತದ 19ನೇ ಮಲ್ಲ ನಗರ ಆತ್ಂಡ್. ಒಟ್ಟು 250 ಚದರ ಕಿಲೋಮೀಟರ್ ವ್ಯಾಪ್ತಿಡ್ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಪೇಂಟೆ ಉಂಡು. ಪಾಟ್ನಾಡ್ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಹೈಕೋರ್ಟ್ದ ಮುಖ್ಯಸ್ಥಾನಲಾ ಉಂಡು. ಬೌದ್ಧ, ಹಿಂದೂ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಜೈನ ಧರ್ಮದ ಪುಣ್ಯಕ್ಷೇತ್ರಲಾಯಿನ ವೈಶಾಲಿ, ರಾಜಗೀರ್, ನಳಂದ, ಬೋಧ್ ಗಯಾ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪಾವಾಪುರಿ ಪಾಟ್ನಾದ ಕೈತಲ್ಡ್ ಉಂಡು. ಅಂಚನೆ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಸಿಖ್ಖೆರೆಗ್ ಪವಿತ್ರವಾಯಿನ ನಗರ ಆದುಂಡು. ಸಿಖ್ಖೆರೆನ ಪತ್ತನೇ ಗುರು ಆಯಿನ ಗುರು ಗೋಬಿಂದ್ ಸಿಂಗ್ ಮೂಲು ಪುಟ್ಟುದಿತ್ತೆರ್.<ref>{{cite news|last=Verma|first=Kumod|date=30 December 2001|title=Gurdwara gears up for Guru's jayanti|work=[[The Times of India]]|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/Gurdwara-gears-up-for-Gurus-jayanti/articleshow/695284660.cms|url-status=live|access-date=4 March 2012|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120710120512/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2001-12-30/patna/27246437_1_patna-saheb-guru-gobind-tenth-guru|archive-date=10 July 2012}}</ref> ಪಾಟಲಿಪುತ್ರ ವಿದ್ಯಾಕೇಂದ್ರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಲಲಿತಕಲೆತ ಒಂಜಿ ಮಲ್ಲ ಕೇಂದ್ರ ಆದಿತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಆರ್ಯಭಟ, ವಾತ್ಸ್ಯಾಯನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಚಾಣಕ್ಯೆರೆನಂಚಿನ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಖಗೋಳಶಾಸ್ತ್ರಜ್ಞೆರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ವಿದ್ವಾಂಸೆರೆಗ್ ಉಂದು ನೆಲೆ ಆದಿತ್ತ್ಂಡ್.<ref>{{cite web |title=Patna Tour |url=http://www.cultureholidays.com/patna/ |publisher=cultureholidays.com |access-date=28 August 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160404022210/http://cultureholidays.com/patna/ |archive-date=4 April 2016 }}</ref> ಇತ್ತೆದ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ನಗರ ಮುಖ್ಯವಾದ್ ಗಂಗಾ ತುದೆತ ತೆನ್ಕಾಯಿ ಬರಿಟ್ ಉಂಡು. ಈ ನಗರದ ಕೈತಲ್ ಸೋನ್, ಗಂಡಕ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪುನ್ಪುನ್ ತುದೆಕುಲುಲಾ ಪರಪುವ. ಈ ನಗರ ಸುಮಾರ್ 35 ಕಿಲೋಮೀಟರ್ ಉದ್ದ ಬೊಕ್ಕ 16 ಡ್ದ್ 18 ಕಿಲೋಮೀಟರ್ ಅಗೆಲ ಉಂಡು.
ಪ್ರಪಂಚೊಡು ಜನಕುಲು ಬದ್ಕ್ದ್ ಇಪ್ಪುನ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಪರತ್ತ್ ಜಾಗೆಲೆಡ್ ಒಂಜಾಯಿನ ಪಾಟ್ನಾನ್ ಕ್ರಿ.ಪೂ. 490ಡ್ ಮಗಧದ ರಾಜೆರ್ ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಅಪಗ ಈ ಪೇಂಟೆಗ್ ಪಾಟಲಿಪುತ್ರ ಪಂದ್ ಪುದರ್ ಇತ್ಂಡ್. ಪಾಟಲೀಪುತ್ರ ಹರ್ಯಂಕ, ನಂದ, ಮೌರ್ಯ, ಶುಂಗ, ಗುಪ್ತ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪಾಲ ರಾಜವಂಶೊಲೆನ ಕಾಲೊಡು ಮಗಧ ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯದ ರಾಜಧಾನಿ ಮೆರೆಯೊಂದಿತ್ತಿನ ಒಂಜಿ ಮಲ್ಲ ನಗರ. ವಿದ್ಯಾದಾನೊದ ಕೇಂದ್ರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಲಲಿತ ಕಲೆಕುಲೆನ ಒಂಜಿ ಮಲ್ಲ ಕೇಂದ್ರವಾದಿತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಆರ್ಯಭಟ, ವಾತ್ಸ್ಯಾಯನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಚಾಣಕ್ಯೆರೆನಂಚಿನ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಖಗೋಳಶಾಸ್ತ್ರಜ್ಞೆರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ವಿದ್ವಾಂಸೆರೆಗ್ ಉಂದು ನೆಲೆ ಆದಿತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಮೌರ್ಯ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಗುಪ್ತ ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯೊಲೆನ ಕಾಲೊಡು ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಅಧಿಕಾರ, ರಾಜಕೀಯ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಸಾಂಸ್ಕೃತಿಕ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆದ ಕೇಂದ್ರವಾದ್ ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಗುಪ್ತ ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯ ಬೂರ್ದು ಪೋಯಿಬೊಕ್ಕ, ಪಾಟಲೀಪುತ್ರದ ಪೊರ್ಲು ಪುಗರ್ತೆಲಾ ಕಳೆದ್ ಪೋಂಡು. ನಮ ದೇಸೊಗು ಬ್ರಿಟೀಷೆರ್ ಕಾರ್ ದೀಬೊಕ್ಕ 17ನೇ ಶತಮಾನೊಡು ಉಂದೆನ್ ಅಂತರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ವ್ಯಾಪಾರದ ಕೇಂದ್ರವಾದ್ ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. 1912ಡ್ ಬಂಗಾಳ ಪ್ರೆಸಿಡೆನ್ಸಿದ ವಿಭಜನೆ ಆಯಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ, ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಬಿಹಾರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಒರಿಸ್ಸಾ ಪ್ರಾಂತ್ಯದ ರಾಜಧಾನಿ ಆಂಡ್.
ಬಿಹಾರ ಸರ್ಕಾರದ ಅರ್ಥಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಅಂಕಿಅಂಶ ನಿರ್ದೇಶನಾಲಯದ ವರದಿದ ಪ್ರಕಾರ, 2011-12ಡ್ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆದ ಜಿಡಿಪಿ 63,176.55 ಕೋಟಿ ರೂಪಾಯಿ ಪಂದ್ ಅಂದಾಜು ಮಲ್ತ್ದೆರ್. 2011-12ದ ಲೆಕ್ಕೊಡು, ಪಾಟ್ನಾದ ತಲಾ ಒಟ್ಟು ಆಂತರಿಕ ಉತ್ಪನ್ನ ₹1,08,657 ದಾಖಲಾತ್ಂಡ್, ಉಂದು ಭಾರತದ ಬೇತೆ ನಗರೊಲು ಬೊಕ್ಕ ರಾಜ್ಯದ ರಾಜಧಾನಿಲೆಗ್ ಹೋಲಿಸಾಂಡ ಮಸ್ತ್ ದುಂಬು ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ನೆತ್ತ ಜಿಡಿಪಿ ಬುಲೆವಣಿಗೆದ ದರ 7.29 ಶೇಕಡಾದಾತ್ ಎಚ್ಚ ಆವೊಂದುಂಡು.
ಸಿಟಿ ಮೇಯರ್ಸ್ ಫೌಂಡೇಶನ್ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಒಂಜಿ ಅಧ್ಯಯನದ ಪ್ರಕಾರ, ಅಂದಾಜು ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಸರಾಸರಿ ವಾರ್ಷಿಕ ಬುಲೆವಣಿಗೆದ ಅಂಕಿಅಂಶೊಲೆನ್ ಗಲಸ್ದ್ ತೂನಗ, ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಪ್ರಪಂಚೊಡು 21ನೇ ಅತಿ ವೇಗೊಡು ಬುಲೆವೊಂದುಪ್ಪುನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಭಾರತೊಡು 5ನೇ ಅತಿ ವೇಗೊಡು ಬುಲೆವೊಂದುಪ್ಪುನ ನಗರ ಪಂದ್ ಪುಗರ್ತೆ ಪಡೆವೊಂಡು. 2006–2010ದ ಅವಧಿಡ್ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ 3.72% ದ ಸರಾಸರಿ ವಾರ್ಷಿಕ ಬುಲೆವಣಿಗೆನ್ ದಾಖಲ್ ಮಲ್ತ್ಂಡ್.
ವಿಶ್ವ ಬ್ಯಾಂಕ್ ೨೦೧೯ನೇ ಇಸವಿಡ್ ಬುಡ್ಕಡೆ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ವರದಿದ ಪ್ರಕಾರ, ಪೊಸ ವ್ಯಾಪಾರ ಸುರು ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ ಸುಲಭದ ವ್ಯವಸ್ತೆ ಇಪ್ಪುನ, ನಮ ದೇಸೊದ ನಗರೊಲೆ ಪಟ್ಟಿಡ್ ಪಾಟ್ನಾಗ್ ಭಾರತೊಡು ರಡ್ಡನೇ ಸ್ಥಾನ (ದೆಹಲಿದ ಬೊಕ್ಕ) ಕೊರ್ತುಂಡು.
==ಪುದರ್==
==ಇತಿಹಾಸೊ==
==ಉಲ್ಲೇಕ==
{{reflist}}
n8q630smjviz0m56t4pekddou95cpfx
363631
363630
2026-07-30T16:52:57Z
Mahaveer Indra
1023
363631
wikitext
text/x-wiki
'''ಪಾಟ್ನಾ''' ('''ಪಟ್ನಾ''' ಪಂದ್ಲಾ ಲೆಪ್ಪುವೆರ್. ಇತಿಹಾಸೊಡು ''ಪಾಟಲಿಪುತ್ರ''<ref>{{cite web |title=History |url=https://patna.nic.in/history/ |website=patna.nic.in |publisher=National Informatics Centre, Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology, Government of India |access-date=30 July 2026}}</ref> ಪಂದ್ ಪುದರ್ ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್.) ಭಾರತದ ಬಿಹಾರ ರಾಜ್ಯೊದ ರಾಜಧಾನಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಮಲ್ಲ ನಗರ. 2018ನೇ ಇಸವಿದ ಪೊರ್ತುಗು, ಪಾಟ್ನಾದ ಜನಸಂಖ್ಯೆ 2.35 ಮಿಲಿಯನ್ ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಉಂದು ಭಾರತದ 19ನೇ ಮಲ್ಲ ನಗರ ಆತ್ಂಡ್. ಒಟ್ಟು 250 ಚದರ ಕಿಲೋಮೀಟರ್ ವ್ಯಾಪ್ತಿಡ್ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಪೇಂಟೆ ಉಂಡು. ಪಾಟ್ನಾಡ್ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಹೈಕೋರ್ಟ್ದ ಮುಖ್ಯಸ್ಥಾನಲಾ ಉಂಡು. ಬೌದ್ಧ, ಹಿಂದೂ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಜೈನ ಧರ್ಮದ ಪುಣ್ಯಕ್ಷೇತ್ರಲಾಯಿನ ವೈಶಾಲಿ, ರಾಜಗೀರ್, ನಳಂದ, ಬೋಧ್ ಗಯಾ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪಾವಾಪುರಿ ಪಾಟ್ನಾದ ಕೈತಲ್ಡ್ ಉಂಡು. ಅಂಚನೆ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಸಿಖ್ಖೆರೆಗ್ ಪವಿತ್ರವಾಯಿನ ನಗರ ಆದುಂಡು. ಸಿಖ್ಖೆರೆನ ಪತ್ತನೇ ಗುರು ಆಯಿನ ಗುರು ಗೋಬಿಂದ್ ಸಿಂಗ್ ಮೂಲು ಪುಟ್ಟುದಿತ್ತೆರ್.<ref>{{cite news|last=Verma|first=Kumod|date=30 December 2001|title=Gurdwara gears up for Guru's jayanti|work=[[The Times of India]]|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/Gurdwara-gears-up-for-Gurus-jayanti/articleshow/695284660.cms|url-status=live|access-date=4 March 2012|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120710120512/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2001-12-30/patna/27246437_1_patna-saheb-guru-gobind-tenth-guru|archive-date=10 July 2012}}</ref> ಪಾಟಲಿಪುತ್ರ ವಿದ್ಯಾಕೇಂದ್ರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಲಲಿತಕಲೆತ ಒಂಜಿ ಮಲ್ಲ ಕೇಂದ್ರ ಆದಿತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಆರ್ಯಭಟ, ವಾತ್ಸ್ಯಾಯನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಚಾಣಕ್ಯೆರೆನಂಚಿನ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಖಗೋಳಶಾಸ್ತ್ರಜ್ಞೆರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ವಿದ್ವಾಂಸೆರೆಗ್ ಉಂದು ನೆಲೆ ಆದಿತ್ತ್ಂಡ್.<ref>{{cite web |title=Patna Tour |url=http://www.cultureholidays.com/patna/ |publisher=cultureholidays.com |access-date=28 August 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160404022210/http://cultureholidays.com/patna/ |archive-date=4 April 2016 }}</ref> ಇತ್ತೆದ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ನಗರ ಮುಖ್ಯವಾದ್ ಗಂಗಾ ತುದೆತ ತೆನ್ಕಾಯಿ ಬರಿಟ್ ಉಂಡು. ಈ ನಗರದ ಕೈತಲ್ ಸೋನ್, ಗಂಡಕ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪುನ್ಪುನ್ ತುದೆಕುಲುಲಾ ಪರಪುವ. ಈ ನಗರ ಸುಮಾರ್ 35 ಕಿಲೋಮೀಟರ್ ಉದ್ದ ಬೊಕ್ಕ 16 ಡ್ದ್ 18 ಕಿಲೋಮೀಟರ್ ಅಗೆಲ ಉಂಡು.
ಪ್ರಪಂಚೊಡು ಜನಕುಲು ಬದ್ಕ್ದ್ ಇಪ್ಪುನ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಪರತ್ತ್ ಜಾಗೆಲೆಡ್ ಒಂಜಾಯಿನ ಪಾಟ್ನಾನ್ ಕ್ರಿ.ಪೂ. 490ಡ್ ಮಗಧದ ರಾಜೆರ್ ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಅಪಗ ಈ ಪೇಂಟೆಗ್ ಪಾಟಲಿಪುತ್ರ ಪಂದ್ ಪುದರ್ ಇತ್ಂಡ್. ಪಾಟಲೀಪುತ್ರ ಹರ್ಯಂಕ, ನಂದ, ಮೌರ್ಯ, ಶುಂಗ, ಗುಪ್ತ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪಾಲ ರಾಜವಂಶೊಲೆನ ಕಾಲೊಡು ಮಗಧ ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯದ ರಾಜಧಾನಿ ಮೆರೆಯೊಂದಿತ್ತಿನ ಒಂಜಿ ಮಲ್ಲ ನಗರ. ವಿದ್ಯಾದಾನೊದ ಕೇಂದ್ರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಲಲಿತ ಕಲೆಕುಲೆನ ಒಂಜಿ ಮಲ್ಲ ಕೇಂದ್ರವಾದಿತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಆರ್ಯಭಟ, ವಾತ್ಸ್ಯಾಯನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಚಾಣಕ್ಯೆರೆನಂಚಿನ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಖಗೋಳಶಾಸ್ತ್ರಜ್ಞೆರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ವಿದ್ವಾಂಸೆರೆಗ್ ಉಂದು ನೆಲೆ ಆದಿತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಮೌರ್ಯ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಗುಪ್ತ ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯೊಲೆನ ಕಾಲೊಡು ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಅಧಿಕಾರ, ರಾಜಕೀಯ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಸಾಂಸ್ಕೃತಿಕ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆದ ಕೇಂದ್ರವಾದ್ ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಗುಪ್ತ ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯ ಬೂರ್ದು ಪೋಯಿಬೊಕ್ಕ, ಪಾಟಲೀಪುತ್ರದ ಪೊರ್ಲು ಪುಗರ್ತೆಲಾ ಕಳೆದ್ ಪೋಂಡು. ನಮ ದೇಸೊಗು ಬ್ರಿಟೀಷೆರ್ ಕಾರ್ ದೀಬೊಕ್ಕ 17ನೇ ಶತಮಾನೊಡು ಉಂದೆನ್ ಅಂತರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ವ್ಯಾಪಾರದ ಕೇಂದ್ರವಾದ್ ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. 1912ಡ್ ಬಂಗಾಳ ಪ್ರೆಸಿಡೆನ್ಸಿದ ವಿಭಜನೆ ಆಯಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ, ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಬಿಹಾರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಒರಿಸ್ಸಾ ಪ್ರಾಂತ್ಯದ ರಾಜಧಾನಿ ಆಂಡ್.
ಬಿಹಾರ ಸರ್ಕಾರದ ಅರ್ಥಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಅಂಕಿಅಂಶ ನಿರ್ದೇಶನಾಲಯದ ವರದಿದ ಪ್ರಕಾರ, 2011-12ಡ್ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆದ ಜಿಡಿಪಿ 63,176.55 ಕೋಟಿ ರೂಪಾಯಿ ಪಂದ್ ಅಂದಾಜು ಮಲ್ತ್ದೆರ್.<ref name="dse.bihar.gov.in">{{cite web|work=Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Department of Planning and Development, Government of Bihar|url=http://dse.bihar.gov.in/report/DDP%20at%20a%20Glance%202004-05%20to%2011-12.xls|title=District Domestic Product 2004–05 to 2011–12|access-date=10 November 2021|archive-date=15 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220615072328/http://dse.bihar.gov.in/report/DDP%20at%20a%20Glance%202004-05%20to%2011-12.xls|url-status=dead}}</ref> 2011-12ದ ಲೆಕ್ಕೊಡು, ಪಾಟ್ನಾದ ತಲಾ ಒಟ್ಟು ಆಂತರಿಕ ಉತ್ಪನ್ನ ₹1,08,657 ದಾಖಲಾತ್ಂಡ್.<ref name="dse.bihar.gov.in" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.numbeo.com/property-investment/city_result.jsp?country=India&city=Patna|title=Property Prices in Patna|access-date=26 November 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160812100920/http://www.numbeo.com/property-investment/city_result.jsp?country=India&city=Patna|archive-date=12 August 2016}}</ref> ಉಂದು ಭಾರತದ ಬೇತೆ ನಗರೊಲು ಬೊಕ್ಕ ರಾಜ್ಯದ ರಾಜಧಾನಿಲೆಗ್ ಹೋಲಿಸಾಂಡ ಮಸ್ತ್ ದುಂಬು ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ನೆತ್ತ ಜಿಡಿಪಿ ಬುಲೆವಣಿಗೆದ ದರ 7.29 ಶೇಕಡಾದಾತ್ ಎಚ್ಚ ಆವೊಂದುಂಡು.
ಸಿಟಿ ಮೇಯರ್ಸ್ ಫೌಂಡೇಶನ್ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಒಂಜಿ ಅಧ್ಯಯನದ ಪ್ರಕಾರ, ಅಂದಾಜು ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಸರಾಸರಿ ವಾರ್ಷಿಕ ಬುಲೆವಣಿಗೆದ ಅಂಕಿಅಂಶೊಲೆನ್ ಗಲಸ್ದ್ ತೂನಗ, ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಪ್ರಪಂಚೊಡು 21ನೇ ಅತಿ ವೇಗೊಡು ಬುಲೆವೊಂದುಪ್ಪುನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಭಾರತೊಡು 5ನೇ ಅತಿ ವೇಗೊಡು ಬುಲೆವೊಂದುಪ್ಪುನ ನಗರ ಪಂದ್ ಪುಗರ್ತೆ ಪಡೆವೊಂಡು. 2006–2010ದ ಅವಧಿಡ್ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ 3.72% ದ ಸರಾಸರಿ ವಾರ್ಷಿಕ ಬುಲೆವಣಿಗೆನ್ ದಾಖಲ್ ಮಲ್ತ್ಂಡ್.
ವಿಶ್ವ ಬ್ಯಾಂಕ್ ೨೦೧೯ನೇ ಇಸವಿಡ್ ಬುಡ್ಕಡೆ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ವರದಿದ ಪ್ರಕಾರ, ಪೊಸ ವ್ಯಾಪಾರ ಸುರು ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ ಸುಲಭದ ವ್ಯವಸ್ತೆ ಇಪ್ಪುನ, ನಮ ದೇಸೊದ ನಗರೊಲೆ ಪಟ್ಟಿಡ್ ಪಾಟ್ನಾಗ್ ಭಾರತೊಡು ರಡ್ಡನೇ ಸ್ಥಾನ (ದೆಹಲಿದ ಬೊಕ್ಕ) ಕೊರ್ತುಂಡು.<ref>{{cite news|date=30 June 2009|title=New Delhi, Patna best cities to start a business: World Bank|newspaper=The Times of India|agency=PTI|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Business/New-Delhi-Patna-best-cities-to-start-business-World-Bank/articleshow/4720294.cms|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100516062203/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Business/New-Delhi-Patna-best-cities-to-start-business-World-Bank/articleshow/4720294.cms|archive-date=16 May 2010}}</ref>
==ಪುದರ್==
==ಇತಿಹಾಸೊ==
==ಉಲ್ಲೇಕ==
{{reflist}}
7fy77gub9c0t2t0ga7h6wlq07d9iz1f
363632
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2026-07-30T17:04:13Z
Mahaveer Indra
1023
/* ಪುದರ್ */
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wikitext
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'''ಪಾಟ್ನಾ''' ('''ಪಟ್ನಾ''' ಪಂದ್ಲಾ ಲೆಪ್ಪುವೆರ್. ಇತಿಹಾಸೊಡು ''ಪಾಟಲಿಪುತ್ರ''<ref>{{cite web |title=History |url=https://patna.nic.in/history/ |website=patna.nic.in |publisher=National Informatics Centre, Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology, Government of India |access-date=30 July 2026}}</ref> ಪಂದ್ ಪುದರ್ ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್.) ಭಾರತದ ಬಿಹಾರ ರಾಜ್ಯೊದ ರಾಜಧಾನಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಮಲ್ಲ ನಗರ. 2018ನೇ ಇಸವಿದ ಪೊರ್ತುಗು, ಪಾಟ್ನಾದ ಜನಸಂಖ್ಯೆ 2.35 ಮಿಲಿಯನ್ ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಉಂದು ಭಾರತದ 19ನೇ ಮಲ್ಲ ನಗರ ಆತ್ಂಡ್. ಒಟ್ಟು 250 ಚದರ ಕಿಲೋಮೀಟರ್ ವ್ಯಾಪ್ತಿಡ್ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಪೇಂಟೆ ಉಂಡು. ಪಾಟ್ನಾಡ್ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಹೈಕೋರ್ಟ್ದ ಮುಖ್ಯಸ್ಥಾನಲಾ ಉಂಡು. ಬೌದ್ಧ, ಹಿಂದೂ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಜೈನ ಧರ್ಮದ ಪುಣ್ಯಕ್ಷೇತ್ರಲಾಯಿನ ವೈಶಾಲಿ, ರಾಜಗೀರ್, ನಳಂದ, ಬೋಧ್ ಗಯಾ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪಾವಾಪುರಿ ಪಾಟ್ನಾದ ಕೈತಲ್ಡ್ ಉಂಡು. ಅಂಚನೆ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಸಿಖ್ಖೆರೆಗ್ ಪವಿತ್ರವಾಯಿನ ನಗರ ಆದುಂಡು. ಸಿಖ್ಖೆರೆನ ಪತ್ತನೇ ಗುರು ಆಯಿನ ಗುರು ಗೋಬಿಂದ್ ಸಿಂಗ್ ಮೂಲು ಪುಟ್ಟುದಿತ್ತೆರ್.<ref>{{cite news|last=Verma|first=Kumod|date=30 December 2001|title=Gurdwara gears up for Guru's jayanti|work=[[The Times of India]]|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/Gurdwara-gears-up-for-Gurus-jayanti/articleshow/695284660.cms|url-status=live|access-date=4 March 2012|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120710120512/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2001-12-30/patna/27246437_1_patna-saheb-guru-gobind-tenth-guru|archive-date=10 July 2012}}</ref> ಪಾಟಲಿಪುತ್ರ ವಿದ್ಯಾಕೇಂದ್ರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಲಲಿತಕಲೆತ ಒಂಜಿ ಮಲ್ಲ ಕೇಂದ್ರ ಆದಿತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಆರ್ಯಭಟ, ವಾತ್ಸ್ಯಾಯನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಚಾಣಕ್ಯೆರೆನಂಚಿನ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಖಗೋಳಶಾಸ್ತ್ರಜ್ಞೆರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ವಿದ್ವಾಂಸೆರೆಗ್ ಉಂದು ನೆಲೆ ಆದಿತ್ತ್ಂಡ್.<ref>{{cite web |title=Patna Tour |url=http://www.cultureholidays.com/patna/ |publisher=cultureholidays.com |access-date=28 August 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160404022210/http://cultureholidays.com/patna/ |archive-date=4 April 2016 }}</ref> ಇತ್ತೆದ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ನಗರ ಮುಖ್ಯವಾದ್ ಗಂಗಾ ತುದೆತ ತೆನ್ಕಾಯಿ ಬರಿಟ್ ಉಂಡು. ಈ ನಗರದ ಕೈತಲ್ ಸೋನ್, ಗಂಡಕ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪುನ್ಪುನ್ ತುದೆಕುಲುಲಾ ಪರಪುವ. ಈ ನಗರ ಸುಮಾರ್ 35 ಕಿಲೋಮೀಟರ್ ಉದ್ದ ಬೊಕ್ಕ 16 ಡ್ದ್ 18 ಕಿಲೋಮೀಟರ್ ಅಗೆಲ ಉಂಡು.
ಪ್ರಪಂಚೊಡು ಜನಕುಲು ಬದ್ಕ್ದ್ ಇಪ್ಪುನ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಪರತ್ತ್ ಜಾಗೆಲೆಡ್ ಒಂಜಾಯಿನ ಪಾಟ್ನಾನ್ ಕ್ರಿ.ಪೂ. 490ಡ್ ಮಗಧದ ರಾಜೆರ್ ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಅಪಗ ಈ ಪೇಂಟೆಗ್ ಪಾಟಲಿಪುತ್ರ ಪಂದ್ ಪುದರ್ ಇತ್ಂಡ್. ಪಾಟಲೀಪುತ್ರ ಹರ್ಯಂಕ, ನಂದ, ಮೌರ್ಯ, ಶುಂಗ, ಗುಪ್ತ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪಾಲ ರಾಜವಂಶೊಲೆನ ಕಾಲೊಡು ಮಗಧ ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯದ ರಾಜಧಾನಿ ಮೆರೆಯೊಂದಿತ್ತಿನ ಒಂಜಿ ಮಲ್ಲ ನಗರ. ವಿದ್ಯಾದಾನೊದ ಕೇಂದ್ರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಲಲಿತ ಕಲೆಕುಲೆನ ಒಂಜಿ ಮಲ್ಲ ಕೇಂದ್ರವಾದಿತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಆರ್ಯಭಟ, ವಾತ್ಸ್ಯಾಯನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಚಾಣಕ್ಯೆರೆನಂಚಿನ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಖಗೋಳಶಾಸ್ತ್ರಜ್ಞೆರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ವಿದ್ವಾಂಸೆರೆಗ್ ಉಂದು ನೆಲೆ ಆದಿತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಮೌರ್ಯ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಗುಪ್ತ ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯೊಲೆನ ಕಾಲೊಡು ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಅಧಿಕಾರ, ರಾಜಕೀಯ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಸಾಂಸ್ಕೃತಿಕ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆದ ಕೇಂದ್ರವಾದ್ ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಗುಪ್ತ ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯ ಬೂರ್ದು ಪೋಯಿಬೊಕ್ಕ, ಪಾಟಲೀಪುತ್ರದ ಪೊರ್ಲು ಪುಗರ್ತೆಲಾ ಕಳೆದ್ ಪೋಂಡು. ನಮ ದೇಸೊಗು ಬ್ರಿಟೀಷೆರ್ ಕಾರ್ ದೀಬೊಕ್ಕ 17ನೇ ಶತಮಾನೊಡು ಉಂದೆನ್ ಅಂತರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ವ್ಯಾಪಾರದ ಕೇಂದ್ರವಾದ್ ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. 1912ಡ್ ಬಂಗಾಳ ಪ್ರೆಸಿಡೆನ್ಸಿದ ವಿಭಜನೆ ಆಯಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ, ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಬಿಹಾರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಒರಿಸ್ಸಾ ಪ್ರಾಂತ್ಯದ ರಾಜಧಾನಿ ಆಂಡ್.
ಬಿಹಾರ ಸರ್ಕಾರದ ಅರ್ಥಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಅಂಕಿಅಂಶ ನಿರ್ದೇಶನಾಲಯದ ವರದಿದ ಪ್ರಕಾರ, 2011-12ಡ್ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆದ ಜಿಡಿಪಿ 63,176.55 ಕೋಟಿ ರೂಪಾಯಿ ಪಂದ್ ಅಂದಾಜು ಮಲ್ತ್ದೆರ್.<ref name="dse.bihar.gov.in">{{cite web|work=Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Department of Planning and Development, Government of Bihar|url=http://dse.bihar.gov.in/report/DDP%20at%20a%20Glance%202004-05%20to%2011-12.xls|title=District Domestic Product 2004–05 to 2011–12|access-date=10 November 2021|archive-date=15 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220615072328/http://dse.bihar.gov.in/report/DDP%20at%20a%20Glance%202004-05%20to%2011-12.xls|url-status=dead}}</ref> 2011-12ದ ಲೆಕ್ಕೊಡು, ಪಾಟ್ನಾದ ತಲಾ ಒಟ್ಟು ಆಂತರಿಕ ಉತ್ಪನ್ನ ₹1,08,657 ದಾಖಲಾತ್ಂಡ್.<ref name="dse.bihar.gov.in" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.numbeo.com/property-investment/city_result.jsp?country=India&city=Patna|title=Property Prices in Patna|access-date=26 November 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160812100920/http://www.numbeo.com/property-investment/city_result.jsp?country=India&city=Patna|archive-date=12 August 2016}}</ref> ಉಂದು ಭಾರತದ ಬೇತೆ ನಗರೊಲು ಬೊಕ್ಕ ರಾಜ್ಯದ ರಾಜಧಾನಿಲೆಗ್ ಹೋಲಿಸಾಂಡ ಮಸ್ತ್ ದುಂಬು ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ನೆತ್ತ ಜಿಡಿಪಿ ಬುಲೆವಣಿಗೆದ ದರ 7.29 ಶೇಕಡಾದಾತ್ ಎಚ್ಚ ಆವೊಂದುಂಡು.
ಸಿಟಿ ಮೇಯರ್ಸ್ ಫೌಂಡೇಶನ್ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಒಂಜಿ ಅಧ್ಯಯನದ ಪ್ರಕಾರ, ಅಂದಾಜು ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಸರಾಸರಿ ವಾರ್ಷಿಕ ಬುಲೆವಣಿಗೆದ ಅಂಕಿಅಂಶೊಲೆನ್ ಗಲಸ್ದ್ ತೂನಗ, ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಪ್ರಪಂಚೊಡು 21ನೇ ಅತಿ ವೇಗೊಡು ಬುಲೆವೊಂದುಪ್ಪುನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಭಾರತೊಡು 5ನೇ ಅತಿ ವೇಗೊಡು ಬುಲೆವೊಂದುಪ್ಪುನ ನಗರ ಪಂದ್ ಪುಗರ್ತೆ ಪಡೆವೊಂಡು. 2006–2010ದ ಅವಧಿಡ್ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ 3.72% ದ ಸರಾಸರಿ ವಾರ್ಷಿಕ ಬುಲೆವಣಿಗೆನ್ ದಾಖಲ್ ಮಲ್ತ್ಂಡ್.
ವಿಶ್ವ ಬ್ಯಾಂಕ್ ೨೦೧೯ನೇ ಇಸವಿಡ್ ಬುಡ್ಕಡೆ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ವರದಿದ ಪ್ರಕಾರ, ಪೊಸ ವ್ಯಾಪಾರ ಸುರು ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ ಸುಲಭದ ವ್ಯವಸ್ತೆ ಇಪ್ಪುನ, ನಮ ದೇಸೊದ ನಗರೊಲೆ ಪಟ್ಟಿಡ್ ಪಾಟ್ನಾಗ್ ಭಾರತೊಡು ರಡ್ಡನೇ ಸ್ಥಾನ (ದೆಹಲಿದ ಬೊಕ್ಕ) ಕೊರ್ತುಂಡು.<ref>{{cite news|date=30 June 2009|title=New Delhi, Patna best cities to start a business: World Bank|newspaper=The Times of India|agency=PTI|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Business/New-Delhi-Patna-best-cities-to-start-business-World-Bank/articleshow/4720294.cms|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100516062203/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Business/New-Delhi-Patna-best-cities-to-start-business-World-Bank/articleshow/4720294.cms|archive-date=16 May 2010}}</ref>
==ಪುದರ್ದ ಮೂಲೊ==
ಪಾಟ್ನಾದ ಇತ್ತೆದ ಪುದರ್ದ ಮೂಲದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಸಿದ್ಧಾಂತೊಲು ಉಲ್ಲ. ಉಂದು ಹಿಂದೂ ದೇವತೆ ಪಾಟನ್ ದೇವಿ ಪನ್ಪಿನ ಪುದರ್ಡ್ದ್ ಬೈದ್ಂಡ್ ಪಂದ್ ಪನ್ಪೆರ್.<ref name=pcrc>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindubooks.org/temples/bihar/patandevi/index.htm|title=Patan Devi|work=Hindubooks.org|publisher=Dharma Universe|author=Choudhoury, P. C. Roy|access-date=24 February 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110215114659/http://www.hindubooks.org/temples/bihar/patandevi/index.htm|archive-date=15 February 2011}}</ref> ಗುಲ್ಜಾರ್ಬಾಗ್ ಮಂಡಿದ ಕೈತಲ್ ಪರ ಪಾಟ್ನಾಡ್ ಪಾಟನ್ ದೇವಿ ಮಂದಿರ ಇತ್ತೆಲಾ ಉಂಡು, ಅಂಚನೆ ತಖ್ತ್ ಶ್ರೀ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಸಾಹಿಬ್ದ ಕೈತಲ್ ನನೊಂಜಿ ಪಾಟನ್ ದೇವಿ ಮಂದಿರ ಉಂಡು.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/Patna-losing-floral-wealth-to-concrete-jungle/articleshow/44818169.cms | title=Patna losing floral wealth to concrete jungle | work=The Times of India | date=15 October 2014 | access-date=17 February 2015 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141019004154/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/Patna-losing-floral-wealth-to-concrete-jungle/articleshow/44818169.cms | archive-date=19 October 2014 | df=dmy-all }}</ref>
ನನೊಂಜಿ ನಂಬೊಲಿಕೆದ ಪ್ರಕಾರ ಈ ನಗರೊಡು ಮಸ್ತ್ ಇತ್ತಿನ 'ಪಾಟ್ಲಿ' ಪನ್ಪಿನ ಒಂಜಿ ಜಾತಿದ ಮರಡ್ದ್ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಪನ್ಪಿನ ಪುದರ್ ಬೈದ್ಂಡ್ ಪಂದ್ ಪನ್ಪೆರ್. ಬಿಹಾರ ರಾಜ್ಯೊದ ಪ್ರವಾಸೋದ್ಯಮ ಇಲಾಕೆದ ಲೋಗೋಡುಲಾ ಈ ಮರತ್ತ ಚಿತ್ರ ಉಂಡು. ಚೀನಿ ಪ್ರವಾಸಿ ಫಾ ಹಿಯಾನ್ನ ದಾಖಲೆಲೆಡ್ ಈ ಜಾಗೆನ್ 'ಪಾ-ಲಿನ್-ಫೌ' ಪಂದ್ ಉಲ್ಲೇಖ ಮಲ್ತ್ದೆ. 2,000 ವರ್ಷಡ್ದ್ ದುಂಬುಡ್ದು ಈ ನಗರೊಗು ಬೇತೆ ಬೇತೆ ಪುದರುಲು ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್ – ಪಾಟಲಿಗ್ರಾಮ, ಪಾಟಲಿಪುತ್ರ, ಕುಸುಮಪುರ, ಕುಸುಮಧ್ವಜ ಪುಷ್ಪಪುರಂ, ಪದ್ಮಾವತಿ, ಅಜಿಮಾಬಾದ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಇತ್ತೆದ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ.<ref name="nichist">{{cite web|title = History of Patna|url = http://patna.bih.nic.in/District/history.htm|work = [[National Informatics Centre]]|publisher = [[Government of Bihar]]|date = 10 January 2002|access-date = 5 March 2011|url-status = dead|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110413050240/http://patna.bih.nic.in/District/history.htm|archive-date = 13 April 2011|df = dmy-all}}</ref>
ಪುರಾಣದ ಕತೆತ ಪ್ರಕಾರ, ಪುತ್ರಕ ಪನ್ಪಿನ ರಾಜೆ ತನ್ನ ರಾಣಿ ಪಾಟಲಿಗ್ ಬೋಡಾದ್ ಮಾಯಕಡ್ ಒಂಜಿ ನಗರೊನು ಉಂಡುಮಲ್ತೆ. ಅಂಚಾದ್ ನೆಕ್ಕ್ ಪಾಟಲಿಗ್ರಾಮ ಪನ್ಪಿನ ಪರತ್ತ್ ಪುದರ್ ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ರಾಣಿನ ಸುರುತ ಮಗನ ನೆನಪುಗಾದ್ ಈ ನಗರೊಗು ಪಾಟಲಿಪುತ್ರ ಪಂದ್ ಪುದರ್ ದೀಯೆರ್ ಪನ್ಪೆರ್.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1130121/jsp/bihar/story_16464467.jsp#.VONsCOaUdH4 | title=Time travel in light & sound show – Patna Museum plans programme on the lines of Red Fort in Delhi | publisher=The Telegraph | date=21 January 2013 | access-date=17 February 2015 | author=PIYUSH KUMAR TRIPATHI | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150217190007/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1130121/jsp/bihar/story_16464467.jsp#.VONsCOaUdH4 | archive-date=17 February 2015 | df=dmy-all }}</ref>
==ಇತಿಹಾಸೊ==
==ಉಲ್ಲೇಕ==
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'''ಪಾಟ್ನಾ''' ('''ಪಟ್ನಾ''' ಪಂದ್ಲಾ ಲೆಪ್ಪುವೆರ್. ಇತಿಹಾಸೊಡು ''ಪಾಟಲಿಪುತ್ರ''<ref>{{cite web |title=History |url=https://patna.nic.in/history/ |website=patna.nic.in |publisher=National Informatics Centre, Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology, Government of India |access-date=30 July 2026}}</ref> ಪಂದ್ ಪುದರ್ ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್.) ಭಾರತದ ಬಿಹಾರ ರಾಜ್ಯೊದ ರಾಜಧಾನಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಮಲ್ಲ ನಗರ. 2018ನೇ ಇಸವಿದ ಪೊರ್ತುಗು, ಪಾಟ್ನಾದ ಜನಸಂಖ್ಯೆ 2.35 ಮಿಲಿಯನ್ ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಉಂದು ಭಾರತದ 19ನೇ ಮಲ್ಲ ನಗರ ಆತ್ಂಡ್. ಒಟ್ಟು 250 ಚದರ ಕಿಲೋಮೀಟರ್ ವ್ಯಾಪ್ತಿಡ್ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಪೇಂಟೆ ಉಂಡು. ಪಾಟ್ನಾಡ್ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಹೈಕೋರ್ಟ್ದ ಮುಖ್ಯಸ್ಥಾನಲಾ ಉಂಡು. ಬೌದ್ಧ, ಹಿಂದೂ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಜೈನ ಧರ್ಮದ ಪುಣ್ಯಕ್ಷೇತ್ರಲಾಯಿನ ವೈಶಾಲಿ, ರಾಜಗೀರ್, ನಳಂದ, ಬೋಧ್ ಗಯಾ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪಾವಾಪುರಿ ಪಾಟ್ನಾದ ಕೈತಲ್ಡ್ ಉಂಡು. ಅಂಚನೆ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಸಿಖ್ಖೆರೆಗ್ ಪವಿತ್ರವಾಯಿನ ನಗರ ಆದುಂಡು. ಸಿಖ್ಖೆರೆನ ಪತ್ತನೇ ಗುರು ಆಯಿನ ಗುರು ಗೋಬಿಂದ್ ಸಿಂಗ್ ಮೂಲು ಪುಟ್ಟುದಿತ್ತೆರ್.<ref>{{cite news|last=Verma|first=Kumod|date=30 December 2001|title=Gurdwara gears up for Guru's jayanti|work=[[The Times of India]]|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/Gurdwara-gears-up-for-Gurus-jayanti/articleshow/695284660.cms|url-status=live|access-date=4 March 2012|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120710120512/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2001-12-30/patna/27246437_1_patna-saheb-guru-gobind-tenth-guru|archive-date=10 July 2012}}</ref> ಪಾಟಲಿಪುತ್ರ ವಿದ್ಯಾಕೇಂದ್ರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಲಲಿತಕಲೆತ ಒಂಜಿ ಮಲ್ಲ ಕೇಂದ್ರ ಆದಿತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಆರ್ಯಭಟ, ವಾತ್ಸ್ಯಾಯನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಚಾಣಕ್ಯೆರೆನಂಚಿನ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಖಗೋಳಶಾಸ್ತ್ರಜ್ಞೆರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ವಿದ್ವಾಂಸೆರೆಗ್ ಉಂದು ನೆಲೆ ಆದಿತ್ತ್ಂಡ್.<ref>{{cite web |title=Patna Tour |url=http://www.cultureholidays.com/patna/ |publisher=cultureholidays.com |access-date=28 August 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160404022210/http://cultureholidays.com/patna/ |archive-date=4 April 2016 }}</ref> ಇತ್ತೆದ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ನಗರ ಮುಖ್ಯವಾದ್ ಗಂಗಾ ತುದೆತ ತೆನ್ಕಾಯಿ ಬರಿಟ್ ಉಂಡು. ಈ ನಗರದ ಕೈತಲ್ ಸೋನ್, ಗಂಡಕ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪುನ್ಪುನ್ ತುದೆಕುಲುಲಾ ಪರಪುವ. ಈ ನಗರ ಸುಮಾರ್ 35 ಕಿಲೋಮೀಟರ್ ಉದ್ದ ಬೊಕ್ಕ 16 ಡ್ದ್ 18 ಕಿಲೋಮೀಟರ್ ಅಗೆಲ ಉಂಡು.
ಪ್ರಪಂಚೊಡು ಜನಕುಲು ಬದ್ಕ್ದ್ ಇಪ್ಪುನ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಪರತ್ತ್ ಜಾಗೆಲೆಡ್ ಒಂಜಾಯಿನ ಪಾಟ್ನಾನ್ ಕ್ರಿ.ಪೂ. 490ಡ್ ಮಗಧದ ರಾಜೆರ್ ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಅಪಗ ಈ ಪೇಂಟೆಗ್ ಪಾಟಲಿಪುತ್ರ ಪಂದ್ ಪುದರ್ ಇತ್ಂಡ್. ಪಾಟಲೀಪುತ್ರ ಹರ್ಯಂಕ, ನಂದ, ಮೌರ್ಯ, ಶುಂಗ, ಗುಪ್ತ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪಾಲ ರಾಜವಂಶೊಲೆನ ಕಾಲೊಡು ಮಗಧ ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯದ ರಾಜಧಾನಿ ಮೆರೆಯೊಂದಿತ್ತಿನ ಒಂಜಿ ಮಲ್ಲ ನಗರ. ವಿದ್ಯಾದಾನೊದ ಕೇಂದ್ರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಲಲಿತ ಕಲೆಕುಲೆನ ಒಂಜಿ ಮಲ್ಲ ಕೇಂದ್ರವಾದಿತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಆರ್ಯಭಟ, ವಾತ್ಸ್ಯಾಯನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಚಾಣಕ್ಯೆರೆನಂಚಿನ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಖಗೋಳಶಾಸ್ತ್ರಜ್ಞೆರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ವಿದ್ವಾಂಸೆರೆಗ್ ಉಂದು ನೆಲೆ ಆದಿತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಮೌರ್ಯ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಗುಪ್ತ ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯೊಲೆನ ಕಾಲೊಡು ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಅಧಿಕಾರ, ರಾಜಕೀಯ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಸಾಂಸ್ಕೃತಿಕ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆದ ಕೇಂದ್ರವಾದ್ ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಗುಪ್ತ ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯ ಬೂರ್ದು ಪೋಯಿಬೊಕ್ಕ, ಪಾಟಲೀಪುತ್ರದ ಪೊರ್ಲು ಪುಗರ್ತೆಲಾ ಕಳೆದ್ ಪೋಂಡು. ನಮ ದೇಸೊಗು ಬ್ರಿಟೀಷೆರ್ ಕಾರ್ ದೀಬೊಕ್ಕ 17ನೇ ಶತಮಾನೊಡು ಉಂದೆನ್ ಅಂತರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ವ್ಯಾಪಾರದ ಕೇಂದ್ರವಾದ್ ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. 1912ಡ್ ಬಂಗಾಳ ಪ್ರೆಸಿಡೆನ್ಸಿದ ವಿಭಜನೆ ಆಯಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ, ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಬಿಹಾರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಒರಿಸ್ಸಾ ಪ್ರಾಂತ್ಯದ ರಾಜಧಾನಿ ಆಂಡ್.
ಬಿಹಾರ ಸರ್ಕಾರದ ಅರ್ಥಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಅಂಕಿಅಂಶ ನಿರ್ದೇಶನಾಲಯದ ವರದಿದ ಪ್ರಕಾರ, 2011-12ಡ್ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆದ ಜಿಡಿಪಿ 63,176.55 ಕೋಟಿ ರೂಪಾಯಿ ಪಂದ್ ಅಂದಾಜು ಮಲ್ತ್ದೆರ್.<ref name="dse.bihar.gov.in">{{cite web|work=Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Department of Planning and Development, Government of Bihar|url=http://dse.bihar.gov.in/report/DDP%20at%20a%20Glance%202004-05%20to%2011-12.xls|title=District Domestic Product 2004–05 to 2011–12|access-date=10 November 2021|archive-date=15 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220615072328/http://dse.bihar.gov.in/report/DDP%20at%20a%20Glance%202004-05%20to%2011-12.xls|url-status=dead}}</ref> 2011-12ದ ಲೆಕ್ಕೊಡು, ಪಾಟ್ನಾದ ತಲಾ ಒಟ್ಟು ಆಂತರಿಕ ಉತ್ಪನ್ನ ₹1,08,657 ದಾಖಲಾತ್ಂಡ್.<ref name="dse.bihar.gov.in" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.numbeo.com/property-investment/city_result.jsp?country=India&city=Patna|title=Property Prices in Patna|access-date=26 November 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160812100920/http://www.numbeo.com/property-investment/city_result.jsp?country=India&city=Patna|archive-date=12 August 2016}}</ref> ಉಂದು ಭಾರತದ ಬೇತೆ ನಗರೊಲು ಬೊಕ್ಕ ರಾಜ್ಯದ ರಾಜಧಾನಿಲೆಗ್ ಹೋಲಿಸಾಂಡ ಮಸ್ತ್ ದುಂಬು ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ನೆತ್ತ ಜಿಡಿಪಿ ಬುಲೆವಣಿಗೆದ ದರ 7.29 ಶೇಕಡಾದಾತ್ ಎಚ್ಚ ಆವೊಂದುಂಡು.
ಸಿಟಿ ಮೇಯರ್ಸ್ ಫೌಂಡೇಶನ್ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಒಂಜಿ ಅಧ್ಯಯನದ ಪ್ರಕಾರ, ಅಂದಾಜು ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಸರಾಸರಿ ವಾರ್ಷಿಕ ಬುಲೆವಣಿಗೆದ ಅಂಕಿಅಂಶೊಲೆನ್ ಗಲಸ್ದ್ ತೂನಗ, ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಪ್ರಪಂಚೊಡು 21ನೇ ಅತಿ ವೇಗೊಡು ಬುಲೆವೊಂದುಪ್ಪುನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಭಾರತೊಡು 5ನೇ ಅತಿ ವೇಗೊಡು ಬುಲೆವೊಂದುಪ್ಪುನ ನಗರ ಪಂದ್ ಪುಗರ್ತೆ ಪಡೆವೊಂಡು. 2006–2010ದ ಅವಧಿಡ್ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ 3.72% ದ ಸರಾಸರಿ ವಾರ್ಷಿಕ ಬುಲೆವಣಿಗೆನ್ ದಾಖಲ್ ಮಲ್ತ್ಂಡ್.
ವಿಶ್ವ ಬ್ಯಾಂಕ್ ೨೦೧೯ನೇ ಇಸವಿಡ್ ಬುಡ್ಕಡೆ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ವರದಿದ ಪ್ರಕಾರ, ಪೊಸ ವ್ಯಾಪಾರ ಸುರು ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ ಸುಲಭದ ವ್ಯವಸ್ತೆ ಇಪ್ಪುನ, ನಮ ದೇಸೊದ ನಗರೊಲೆ ಪಟ್ಟಿಡ್ ಪಾಟ್ನಾಗ್ ಭಾರತೊಡು ರಡ್ಡನೇ ಸ್ಥಾನ (ದೆಹಲಿದ ಬೊಕ್ಕ) ಕೊರ್ತುಂಡು.<ref>{{cite news|date=30 June 2009|title=New Delhi, Patna best cities to start a business: World Bank|newspaper=The Times of India|agency=PTI|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Business/New-Delhi-Patna-best-cities-to-start-business-World-Bank/articleshow/4720294.cms|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100516062203/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Business/New-Delhi-Patna-best-cities-to-start-business-World-Bank/articleshow/4720294.cms|archive-date=16 May 2010}}</ref>
==ಪುದರ್ದ ಮೂಲೊ==
ಪಾಟ್ನಾದ ಇತ್ತೆದ ಪುದರ್ದ ಮೂಲದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಸಿದ್ಧಾಂತೊಲು ಉಲ್ಲ. ಉಂದು ಹಿಂದೂ ದೇವತೆ ಪಾಟನ್ ದೇವಿ ಪನ್ಪಿನ ಪುದರ್ಡ್ದ್ ಬೈದ್ಂಡ್ ಪಂದ್ ಪನ್ಪೆರ್.<ref name=pcrc>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindubooks.org/temples/bihar/patandevi/index.htm|title=Patan Devi|work=Hindubooks.org|publisher=Dharma Universe|author=Choudhoury, P. C. Roy|access-date=24 February 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110215114659/http://www.hindubooks.org/temples/bihar/patandevi/index.htm|archive-date=15 February 2011}}</ref> ಗುಲ್ಜಾರ್ಬಾಗ್ ಮಂಡಿದ ಕೈತಲ್ ಪರ ಪಾಟ್ನಾಡ್ ಪಾಟನ್ ದೇವಿ ಮಂದಿರ ಇತ್ತೆಲಾ ಉಂಡು, ಅಂಚನೆ ತಖ್ತ್ ಶ್ರೀ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಸಾಹಿಬ್ದ ಕೈತಲ್ ನನೊಂಜಿ ಪಾಟನ್ ದೇವಿ ಮಂದಿರ ಉಂಡು.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/Patna-losing-floral-wealth-to-concrete-jungle/articleshow/44818169.cms | title=Patna losing floral wealth to concrete jungle | work=The Times of India | date=15 October 2014 | access-date=17 February 2015 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141019004154/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/Patna-losing-floral-wealth-to-concrete-jungle/articleshow/44818169.cms | archive-date=19 October 2014 | df=dmy-all }}</ref>
ನನೊಂಜಿ ನಂಬೊಲಿಕೆದ ಪ್ರಕಾರ ಈ ನಗರೊಡು ಮಸ್ತ್ ಇತ್ತಿನ 'ಪಾಟ್ಲಿ' ಪನ್ಪಿನ ಒಂಜಿ ಜಾತಿದ ಮರಡ್ದ್ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಪನ್ಪಿನ ಪುದರ್ ಬೈದ್ಂಡ್ ಪಂದ್ ಪನ್ಪೆರ್. ಬಿಹಾರ ರಾಜ್ಯೊದ ಪ್ರವಾಸೋದ್ಯಮ ಇಲಾಕೆದ ಲೋಗೋಡುಲಾ ಈ ಮರತ್ತ ಚಿತ್ರ ಉಂಡು. ಚೀನಿ ಪ್ರವಾಸಿ ಫಾ ಹಿಯಾನ್ನ ದಾಖಲೆಲೆಡ್ ಈ ಜಾಗೆನ್ 'ಪಾ-ಲಿನ್-ಫೌ' ಪಂದ್ ಉಲ್ಲೇಖ ಮಲ್ತ್ದೆ. 2,000 ವರ್ಷಡ್ದ್ ದುಂಬುಡ್ದು ಈ ನಗರೊಗು ಬೇತೆ ಬೇತೆ ಪುದರುಲು ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್ – ಪಾಟಲಿಗ್ರಾಮ, ಪಾಟಲಿಪುತ್ರ, ಕುಸುಮಪುರ, ಕುಸುಮಧ್ವಜ ಪುಷ್ಪಪುರಂ, ಪದ್ಮಾವತಿ, ಅಜಿಮಾಬಾದ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಇತ್ತೆದ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ.<ref name="nichist">{{cite web|title = History of Patna|url = http://patna.bih.nic.in/District/history.htm|work = [[National Informatics Centre]]|publisher = [[Government of Bihar]]|date = 10 January 2002|access-date = 5 March 2011|url-status = dead|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110413050240/http://patna.bih.nic.in/District/history.htm|archive-date = 13 April 2011|df = dmy-all}}</ref>
ಪುರಾಣದ ಕತೆತ ಪ್ರಕಾರ, ಪುತ್ರಕ ಪನ್ಪಿನ ರಾಜೆ ತನ್ನ ರಾಣಿ ಪಾಟಲಿಗ್ ಬೋಡಾದ್ ಮಾಯಕಡ್ ಒಂಜಿ ನಗರೊನು ಉಂಡುಮಲ್ತೆ. ಅಂಚಾದ್ ನೆಕ್ಕ್ ಪಾಟಲಿಗ್ರಾಮ ಪನ್ಪಿನ ಪರತ್ತ್ ಪುದರ್ ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ರಾಣಿನ ಸುರುತ ಮಗನ ನೆನಪುಗಾದ್ ಈ ನಗರೊಗು ಪಾಟಲಿಪುತ್ರ ಪಂದ್ ಪುದರ್ ದೀಯೆರ್ ಪನ್ಪೆರ್.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1130121/jsp/bihar/story_16464467.jsp#.VONsCOaUdH4 | title=Time travel in light & sound show – Patna Museum plans programme on the lines of Red Fort in Delhi | publisher=The Telegraph | date=21 January 2013 | access-date=17 February 2015 | author=PIYUSH KUMAR TRIPATHI | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150217190007/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1130121/jsp/bihar/story_16464467.jsp#.VONsCOaUdH4 | archive-date=17 February 2015 | df=dmy-all }}</ref>
==ಇತಿಹಾಸೊ==
==ಉಲ್ಲೇಕ==
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[[ವರ್ಗೊ:ಭಾರತೊದ ರಾಜ್ಯ ರಾಜಧಾನಿಲು]]
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'''ಪಾಟ್ನಾ''' ('''ಪಟ್ನಾ''' ಪಂದ್ಲಾ ಲೆಪ್ಪುವೆರ್. ಇತಿಹಾಸೊಡು ''ಪಾಟಲಿಪುತ್ರ''<ref>{{cite web |title=History |url=https://patna.nic.in/history/ |website=patna.nic.in |publisher=National Informatics Centre, Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology, Government of India |access-date=30 July 2026}}</ref> ಪಂದ್ ಪುದರ್ ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್.) ಭಾರತದ ಬಿಹಾರ ರಾಜ್ಯೊದ ರಾಜಧಾನಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಮಲ್ಲ ನಗರ. 2018ನೇ ಇಸವಿದ ಪೊರ್ತುಗು, ಪಾಟ್ನಾದ ಜನಸಂಖ್ಯೆ 2.35 ಮಿಲಿಯನ್ ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಉಂದು ಭಾರತದ 19ನೇ ಮಲ್ಲ ನಗರ ಆತ್ಂಡ್. ಒಟ್ಟು 250 ಚದರ ಕಿಲೋಮೀಟರ್ ವ್ಯಾಪ್ತಿಡ್ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಪೇಂಟೆ ಉಂಡು. ಪಾಟ್ನಾಡ್ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಹೈಕೋರ್ಟ್ದ ಮುಖ್ಯಸ್ಥಾನಲಾ ಉಂಡು. ಬೌದ್ಧ, ಹಿಂದೂ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಜೈನ ಧರ್ಮದ ಪುಣ್ಯಕ್ಷೇತ್ರಲಾಯಿನ ವೈಶಾಲಿ, ರಾಜಗೀರ್, ನಳಂದ, ಬೋಧ್ ಗಯಾ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪಾವಾಪುರಿ ಪಾಟ್ನಾದ ಕೈತಲ್ಡ್ ಉಂಡು. ಅಂಚನೆ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಸಿಖ್ಖೆರೆಗ್ ಪವಿತ್ರವಾಯಿನ ನಗರ ಆದುಂಡು. ಸಿಖ್ಖೆರೆನ ಪತ್ತನೇ ಗುರು ಆಯಿನ ಗುರು ಗೋಬಿಂದ್ ಸಿಂಗ್ ಮೂಲು ಪುಟ್ಟುದಿತ್ತೆರ್.<ref>{{cite news|last=Verma|first=Kumod|date=30 December 2001|title=Gurdwara gears up for Guru's jayanti|work=[[The Times of India]]|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/Gurdwara-gears-up-for-Gurus-jayanti/articleshow/695284660.cms|url-status=live|access-date=4 March 2012|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120710120512/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2001-12-30/patna/27246437_1_patna-saheb-guru-gobind-tenth-guru|archive-date=10 July 2012}}</ref> ಪಾಟಲಿಪುತ್ರ ವಿದ್ಯಾಕೇಂದ್ರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಲಲಿತಕಲೆತ ಒಂಜಿ ಮಲ್ಲ ಕೇಂದ್ರ ಆದಿತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಆರ್ಯಭಟ, ವಾತ್ಸ್ಯಾಯನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಚಾಣಕ್ಯೆರೆನಂಚಿನ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಖಗೋಳಶಾಸ್ತ್ರಜ್ಞೆರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ವಿದ್ವಾಂಸೆರೆಗ್ ಉಂದು ನೆಲೆ ಆದಿತ್ತ್ಂಡ್.<ref>{{cite web |title=Patna Tour |url=http://www.cultureholidays.com/patna/ |publisher=cultureholidays.com |access-date=28 August 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160404022210/http://cultureholidays.com/patna/ |archive-date=4 April 2016 }}</ref> ಇತ್ತೆದ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ನಗರ ಮುಖ್ಯವಾದ್ ಗಂಗಾ ತುದೆತ ತೆನ್ಕಾಯಿ ಬರಿಟ್ ಉಂಡು. ಈ ನಗರದ ಕೈತಲ್ ಸೋನ್, ಗಂಡಕ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪುನ್ಪುನ್ ತುದೆಕುಲುಲಾ ಪರಪುವ. ಈ ನಗರ ಸುಮಾರ್ 35 ಕಿಲೋಮೀಟರ್ ಉದ್ದ ಬೊಕ್ಕ 16 ಡ್ದ್ 18 ಕಿಲೋಮೀಟರ್ ಅಗೆಲ ಉಂಡು.
ಪ್ರಪಂಚೊಡು ಜನಕುಲು ಬದ್ಕ್ದ್ ಇಪ್ಪುನ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಪರತ್ತ್ ಜಾಗೆಲೆಡ್ ಒಂಜಾಯಿನ ಪಾಟ್ನಾನ್ ಕ್ರಿ.ಪೂ. 490ಡ್ ಮಗಧದ ರಾಜೆರ್ ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಅಪಗ ಈ ಪೇಂಟೆಗ್ ಪಾಟಲಿಪುತ್ರ ಪಂದ್ ಪುದರ್ ಇತ್ಂಡ್. ಪಾಟಲೀಪುತ್ರ ಹರ್ಯಂಕ, ನಂದ, ಮೌರ್ಯ, ಶುಂಗ, ಗುಪ್ತ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪಾಲ ರಾಜವಂಶೊಲೆನ ಕಾಲೊಡು ಮಗಧ ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯದ ರಾಜಧಾನಿ ಮೆರೆಯೊಂದಿತ್ತಿನ ಒಂಜಿ ಮಲ್ಲ ನಗರ. ವಿದ್ಯಾದಾನೊದ ಕೇಂದ್ರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಲಲಿತ ಕಲೆಕುಲೆನ ಒಂಜಿ ಮಲ್ಲ ಕೇಂದ್ರವಾದಿತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಆರ್ಯಭಟ, ವಾತ್ಸ್ಯಾಯನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಚಾಣಕ್ಯೆರೆನಂಚಿನ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಖಗೋಳಶಾಸ್ತ್ರಜ್ಞೆರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ವಿದ್ವಾಂಸೆರೆಗ್ ಉಂದು ನೆಲೆ ಆದಿತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಮೌರ್ಯ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಗುಪ್ತ ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯೊಲೆನ ಕಾಲೊಡು ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಅಧಿಕಾರ, ರಾಜಕೀಯ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಸಾಂಸ್ಕೃತಿಕ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆದ ಕೇಂದ್ರವಾದ್ ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಗುಪ್ತ ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯ ಬೂರ್ದು ಪೋಯಿಬೊಕ್ಕ, ಪಾಟಲೀಪುತ್ರದ ಪೊರ್ಲು ಪುಗರ್ತೆಲಾ ಕಳೆದ್ ಪೋಂಡು. ನಮ ದೇಸೊಗು ಬ್ರಿಟೀಷೆರ್ ಕಾರ್ ದೀಬೊಕ್ಕ 17ನೇ ಶತಮಾನೊಡು ಉಂದೆನ್ ಅಂತರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ವ್ಯಾಪಾರದ ಕೇಂದ್ರವಾದ್ ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. 1912ಡ್ ಬಂಗಾಳ ಪ್ರೆಸಿಡೆನ್ಸಿದ ವಿಭಜನೆ ಆಯಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ, ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಬಿಹಾರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಒರಿಸ್ಸಾ ಪ್ರಾಂತ್ಯದ ರಾಜಧಾನಿ ಆಂಡ್.
ಬಿಹಾರ ಸರ್ಕಾರದ ಅರ್ಥಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಅಂಕಿಅಂಶ ನಿರ್ದೇಶನಾಲಯದ ವರದಿದ ಪ್ರಕಾರ, 2011-12ಡ್ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆದ ಜಿಡಿಪಿ 63,176.55 ಕೋಟಿ ರೂಪಾಯಿ ಪಂದ್ ಅಂದಾಜು ಮಲ್ತ್ದೆರ್.<ref name="dse.bihar.gov.in">{{cite web|work=Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Department of Planning and Development, Government of Bihar|url=http://dse.bihar.gov.in/report/DDP%20at%20a%20Glance%202004-05%20to%2011-12.xls|title=District Domestic Product 2004–05 to 2011–12|access-date=10 November 2021|archive-date=15 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220615072328/http://dse.bihar.gov.in/report/DDP%20at%20a%20Glance%202004-05%20to%2011-12.xls|url-status=dead}}</ref> 2011-12ದ ಲೆಕ್ಕೊಡು, ಪಾಟ್ನಾದ ತಲಾ ಒಟ್ಟು ಆಂತರಿಕ ಉತ್ಪನ್ನ ₹1,08,657 ದಾಖಲಾತ್ಂಡ್.<ref name="dse.bihar.gov.in" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.numbeo.com/property-investment/city_result.jsp?country=India&city=Patna|title=Property Prices in Patna|access-date=26 November 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160812100920/http://www.numbeo.com/property-investment/city_result.jsp?country=India&city=Patna|archive-date=12 August 2016}}</ref> ಉಂದು ಭಾರತದ ಬೇತೆ ನಗರೊಲು ಬೊಕ್ಕ ರಾಜ್ಯದ ರಾಜಧಾನಿಲೆಗ್ ಹೋಲಿಸಾಂಡ ಮಸ್ತ್ ದುಂಬು ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ನೆತ್ತ ಜಿಡಿಪಿ ಬುಲೆವಣಿಗೆದ ದರ 7.29 ಶೇಕಡಾದಾತ್ ಎಚ್ಚ ಆವೊಂದುಂಡು.
ಸಿಟಿ ಮೇಯರ್ಸ್ ಫೌಂಡೇಶನ್ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಒಂಜಿ ಅಧ್ಯಯನದ ಪ್ರಕಾರ, ಅಂದಾಜು ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಸರಾಸರಿ ವಾರ್ಷಿಕ ಬುಲೆವಣಿಗೆದ ಅಂಕಿಅಂಶೊಲೆನ್ ಗಲಸ್ದ್ ತೂನಗ, ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಪ್ರಪಂಚೊಡು 21ನೇ ಅತಿ ವೇಗೊಡು ಬುಲೆವೊಂದುಪ್ಪುನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಭಾರತೊಡು 5ನೇ ಅತಿ ವೇಗೊಡು ಬುಲೆವೊಂದುಪ್ಪುನ ನಗರ ಪಂದ್ ಪುಗರ್ತೆ ಪಡೆವೊಂಡು. 2006–2010ದ ಅವಧಿಡ್ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ 3.72% ದ ಸರಾಸರಿ ವಾರ್ಷಿಕ ಬುಲೆವಣಿಗೆನ್ ದಾಖಲ್ ಮಲ್ತ್ಂಡ್.
ವಿಶ್ವ ಬ್ಯಾಂಕ್ ೨೦೧೯ನೇ ಇಸವಿಡ್ ಬುಡ್ಕಡೆ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ವರದಿದ ಪ್ರಕಾರ, ಪೊಸ ವ್ಯಾಪಾರ ಸುರು ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ ಸುಲಭದ ವ್ಯವಸ್ತೆ ಇಪ್ಪುನ, ನಮ ದೇಸೊದ ನಗರೊಲೆ ಪಟ್ಟಿಡ್ ಪಾಟ್ನಾಗ್ ಭಾರತೊಡು ರಡ್ಡನೇ ಸ್ಥಾನ (ದೆಹಲಿದ ಬೊಕ್ಕ) ಕೊರ್ತುಂಡು.<ref>{{cite news|date=30 June 2009|title=New Delhi, Patna best cities to start a business: World Bank|newspaper=The Times of India|agency=PTI|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Business/New-Delhi-Patna-best-cities-to-start-business-World-Bank/articleshow/4720294.cms|url-status=live|access-date=24 February 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100516062203/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Business/New-Delhi-Patna-best-cities-to-start-business-World-Bank/articleshow/4720294.cms|archive-date=16 May 2010}}</ref>
==ಪುದರ್ದ ಮೂಲೊ==
ಪಾಟ್ನಾದ ಇತ್ತೆದ ಪುದರ್ದ ಮೂಲದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಸಿದ್ಧಾಂತೊಲು ಉಲ್ಲ. ಉಂದು ಹಿಂದೂ ದೇವತೆ ಪಾಟನ್ ದೇವಿ ಪನ್ಪಿನ ಪುದರ್ಡ್ದ್ ಬೈದ್ಂಡ್ ಪಂದ್ ಪನ್ಪೆರ್.<ref name=pcrc>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindubooks.org/temples/bihar/patandevi/index.htm|title=Patan Devi|work=Hindubooks.org|publisher=Dharma Universe|author=Choudhoury, P. C. Roy|access-date=24 February 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110215114659/http://www.hindubooks.org/temples/bihar/patandevi/index.htm|archive-date=15 February 2011}}</ref> ಗುಲ್ಜಾರ್ಬಾಗ್ ಮಂಡಿದ ಕೈತಲ್ ಪರ ಪಾಟ್ನಾಡ್ ಪಾಟನ್ ದೇವಿ ಮಂದಿರ ಇತ್ತೆಲಾ ಉಂಡು, ಅಂಚನೆ ತಖ್ತ್ ಶ್ರೀ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಸಾಹಿಬ್ದ ಕೈತಲ್ ನನೊಂಜಿ ಪಾಟನ್ ದೇವಿ ಮಂದಿರ ಉಂಡು.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/Patna-losing-floral-wealth-to-concrete-jungle/articleshow/44818169.cms | title=Patna losing floral wealth to concrete jungle | work=The Times of India | date=15 October 2014 | access-date=17 February 2015 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141019004154/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/Patna-losing-floral-wealth-to-concrete-jungle/articleshow/44818169.cms | archive-date=19 October 2014 | df=dmy-all }}</ref>
ನನೊಂಜಿ ನಂಬೊಲಿಕೆದ ಪ್ರಕಾರ ಈ ನಗರೊಡು ಮಸ್ತ್ ಇತ್ತಿನ 'ಪಾಟ್ಲಿ' ಪನ್ಪಿನ ಒಂಜಿ ಜಾತಿದ ಮರಡ್ದ್ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ ಪನ್ಪಿನ ಪುದರ್ ಬೈದ್ಂಡ್ ಪಂದ್ ಪನ್ಪೆರ್. ಬಿಹಾರ ರಾಜ್ಯೊದ ಪ್ರವಾಸೋದ್ಯಮ ಇಲಾಕೆದ ಲೋಗೋಡುಲಾ ಈ ಮರತ್ತ ಚಿತ್ರ ಉಂಡು. ಚೀನಿ ಪ್ರವಾಸಿ ಫಾ ಹಿಯಾನ್ನ ದಾಖಲೆಲೆಡ್ ಈ ಜಾಗೆನ್ 'ಪಾ-ಲಿನ್-ಫೌ' ಪಂದ್ ಉಲ್ಲೇಖ ಮಲ್ತ್ದೆ. 2,000 ವರ್ಷಡ್ದ್ ದುಂಬುಡ್ದು ಈ ನಗರೊಗು ಬೇತೆ ಬೇತೆ ಪುದರುಲು ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್ – ಪಾಟಲಿಗ್ರಾಮ, ಪಾಟಲಿಪುತ್ರ, ಕುಸುಮಪುರ, ಕುಸುಮಧ್ವಜ ಪುಷ್ಪಪುರಂ, ಪದ್ಮಾವತಿ, ಅಜಿಮಾಬಾದ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಇತ್ತೆದ ಪಾಟ್ನಾ.<ref name="nichist">{{cite web|title = History of Patna|url = http://patna.bih.nic.in/District/history.htm|work = [[National Informatics Centre]]|publisher = [[Government of Bihar]]|date = 10 January 2002|access-date = 5 March 2011|url-status = dead|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110413050240/http://patna.bih.nic.in/District/history.htm|archive-date = 13 April 2011|df = dmy-all}}</ref>
ಪುರಾಣದ ಕತೆತ ಪ್ರಕಾರ, ಪುತ್ರಕ ಪನ್ಪಿನ ರಾಜೆ ತನ್ನ ರಾಣಿ ಪಾಟಲಿಗ್ ಬೋಡಾದ್ ಮಾಯಕಡ್ ಒಂಜಿ ನಗರೊನು ಉಂಡುಮಲ್ತೆ. ಅಂಚಾದ್ ನೆಕ್ಕ್ ಪಾಟಲಿಗ್ರಾಮ ಪನ್ಪಿನ ಪರತ್ತ್ ಪುದರ್ ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ರಾಣಿನ ಸುರುತ ಮಗನ ನೆನಪುಗಾದ್ ಈ ನಗರೊಗು ಪಾಟಲಿಪುತ್ರ ಪಂದ್ ಪುದರ್ ದೀಯೆರ್ ಪನ್ಪೆರ್.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1130121/jsp/bihar/story_16464467.jsp#.VONsCOaUdH4 | title=Time travel in light & sound show – Patna Museum plans programme on the lines of Red Fort in Delhi | publisher=The Telegraph | date=21 January 2013 | access-date=17 February 2015 | author=PIYUSH KUMAR TRIPATHI | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150217190007/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1130121/jsp/bihar/story_16464467.jsp#.VONsCOaUdH4 | archive-date=17 February 2015 | df=dmy-all }}</ref>
==ಇತಿಹಾಸೊ==
==ಉಲ್ಲೇಕ==
{{reflist}}
[[ವರ್ಗೊ:ಭಾರತೊದ ರಾಜ್ಯ ರಾಜಧಾನಿಲು]]
[[ವರ್ಗೊ:ತುಳು ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ 10ನೇ ವರ್ಸಾಂತ್ಯೊ]]
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| type = license
| image = [[File:Fair use movie poster.svg|52px|Copyrighted]]
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| text = This image is of a '''[[film poster]]''', and the copyright for it is most likely owned by either the publisher or the creator of the work depicted. It is believed that the use of '''scaled-down, low-resolution''' images of film posters
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*on the [[Main Page|English-language Wikipedia]], hosted on servers in the United States by the non-profit [[wmf:Home|Wikimedia Foundation]],
qualifies as '''[[fair use]]''' under the [[copyright law of the United States]]. '''Any other uses of this image, on Wikipedia or elsewhere, may be [[copyright infringement]].''' See [[Wikipedia:Non-free content]] for more information.<br />
| below = {{#ifeq:{{{image_has_rationale|{{{image has rationale}}}}}}|yes|
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|{{Uploader information|additional notes=
# This tag should only be used for film posters. Do not use it for other purposes.
# Try using '''[[Template:Non-free use rationale poster]]''' to state the rationale.
# If this is not a film poster, replace it with '''[[Template:Non-free poster]]'''.
}}}}
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{{Documentation}}
</noinclude>
azns5vtpv1mudnbb0wozlqc8kqmbdzo
363573
363572
2026-07-30T16:36:56Z
ChiK
1136
೧ revisions imported from [[:en:Template:Non-free_film_poster]]
363572
wikitext
text/x-wiki
<!-- Non-free license tag, based on Template:Image-license-fairuse -->{{imbox
| type = license
| image = [[File:Fair use movie poster.svg|52px|Copyrighted]]
| imageright =
| text = This image is of a '''[[film poster]]''', and the copyright for it is most likely owned by either the publisher or the creator of the work depicted. It is believed that the use of '''scaled-down, low-resolution''' images of film posters
*'''to provide critical commentary on the film in question or of the film poster itself,''' not solely for illustration
*where no free equivalent is available or could be created that would adequately give the same information,
*on the [[Main Page|English-language Wikipedia]], hosted on servers in the United States by the non-profit [[wmf:Home|Wikimedia Foundation]],
qualifies as '''[[fair use]]''' under the [[copyright law of the United States]]. '''Any other uses of this image, on Wikipedia or elsewhere, may be [[copyright infringement]].''' See [[Wikipedia:Non-free content]] for more information.<br />
| below = {{#ifeq:{{{image_has_rationale|{{{image has rationale}}}}}}|yes|
{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|File|[[Category:Wikipedia non-free files with NFUR stated]]{{#ifeq:{{{auto|}}}|yes|[[Category:Wikipedia non-free files with NFUR stated (bot-assessed)]]}}}}
|{{Uploader information|additional notes=
# This tag should only be used for film posters. Do not use it for other purposes.
# Try using '''[[Template:Non-free use rationale poster]]''' to state the rationale.
# If this is not a film poster, replace it with '''[[Template:Non-free poster]]'''.
}}}}
{{Non-free media}}
}}{{#ifeq: {{Yesno-no|{{{nocat|}}}}} | no | {{File other
| [[Category:{{Resolve category redirect|{{{1|Non-free images of film posters}}}}}]]
}}}}<noinclude>
{{Documentation}}
</noinclude>
azns5vtpv1mudnbb0wozlqc8kqmbdzo
ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Non-free film poster/doc
10
27634
363576
2025-03-11T15:00:43Z
en>TAnthony
0
/* Usage */
363576
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{Documentation subpage}}
{{High-use}}
<!-- Add categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata -->
This template should be placed in the '''Licensing''' section of non-free film posters to identify them as such. ''Note:'' Posters with US copyrights before 1964 are mostly in the public domain due to failure to formally renew the copyright on the poster. In this case the template <nowiki>{{PD-art|PD-US-not renewed}}</nowiki> should be used instead of this template. See [[Copyright renewal]]. For more information see [[Template:Non-free poster]].
== Usage ==
Simply insert this template into the Licensing section of an image description page. If a [[Wikipedia:Non-free use rationale|non-free use rationale]] is provided on the image description page, '''image_has_rationale''' should be set to '''yes''', and the message at the bottom of the template requesting that the uploader provide a fair use rationale will be removed. '''Note''': A non-free use rationale is required to comply with fair use guidelines, and a non-free file lacking one may be deleted after being tagged for seven days under [[WP:F6|speedy deletion criterion F6]].
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">== Licensing ==
{{Non-free film poster|image_has_rationale= }}</syntaxhighlight>
Applying this template will place the image into {{cl|Fair use images of film posters}}. However, you have the option of putting the image into an appropriate subcategory, such as {{cl|2020s Indian film posters}}. To do so, add the name of the category as the first unnamed parameter, as in the following example:
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">== Licensing ==
{{Non-free film poster|image_has_rationale= |2020s Indian film posters}}</syntaxhighlight>
<includeonly>{{sandbox other||
<!-- Categories below this line; interwikis at Wikidata -->
[[Category:Wikipedia non-free file copyright templates|Film poster]]
[[Category:Film templates]]
}}</includeonly>
lp9jyth13t82uhfpxmt9hvc6xzrcdx4
363577
363576
2026-07-30T16:36:58Z
ChiK
1136
೧ revisions imported from [[:en:Template:Non-free_film_poster/doc]]
363576
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{Documentation subpage}}
{{High-use}}
<!-- Add categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata -->
This template should be placed in the '''Licensing''' section of non-free film posters to identify them as such. ''Note:'' Posters with US copyrights before 1964 are mostly in the public domain due to failure to formally renew the copyright on the poster. In this case the template <nowiki>{{PD-art|PD-US-not renewed}}</nowiki> should be used instead of this template. See [[Copyright renewal]]. For more information see [[Template:Non-free poster]].
== Usage ==
Simply insert this template into the Licensing section of an image description page. If a [[Wikipedia:Non-free use rationale|non-free use rationale]] is provided on the image description page, '''image_has_rationale''' should be set to '''yes''', and the message at the bottom of the template requesting that the uploader provide a fair use rationale will be removed. '''Note''': A non-free use rationale is required to comply with fair use guidelines, and a non-free file lacking one may be deleted after being tagged for seven days under [[WP:F6|speedy deletion criterion F6]].
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">== Licensing ==
{{Non-free film poster|image_has_rationale= }}</syntaxhighlight>
Applying this template will place the image into {{cl|Fair use images of film posters}}. However, you have the option of putting the image into an appropriate subcategory, such as {{cl|2020s Indian film posters}}. To do so, add the name of the category as the first unnamed parameter, as in the following example:
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">== Licensing ==
{{Non-free film poster|image_has_rationale= |2020s Indian film posters}}</syntaxhighlight>
<includeonly>{{sandbox other||
<!-- Categories below this line; interwikis at Wikidata -->
[[Category:Wikipedia non-free file copyright templates|Film poster]]
[[Category:Film templates]]
}}</includeonly>
lp9jyth13t82uhfpxmt9hvc6xzrcdx4
ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Non-free poster
10
27635
363581
2022-08-27T20:28:29Z
en>Andrybak
0
replace deprecated [[Help:Files|"Image:" with "File:"]]
363581
wikitext
text/x-wiki
<!-- Non-free license tag, based on Template:Image-license-fairuse -->{{imbox
| type = license
| image = [[File:Fair use movie poster.svg|52px|Copyrighted]]
| imageright =
| text = This image is of a '''[[{{{poster_link|poster}}}]]''', and the copyright for it is most likely owned by either the publisher or the creator of the work depicted. It is believed that the use of '''scaled-down, low-resolution''' images of posters
*'''to provide critical commentary on the film, event, etc. in question or of the poster itself,''' not solely for illustration
*on the [[Main Page|English-language Wikipedia]], hosted on servers in the United States by the non-profit [[wmf:Home|Wikimedia Foundation]],
qualifies as '''[[fair use]]''' under the [[copyright law of the United States]]. '''Any other uses of this image, on Wikipedia or elsewhere, may be [[copyright infringement]].''' See [[Wikipedia:Non-free content]] for more information.<br />
|below={{#ifeq:{{{image_has_rationale|{{{image has rationale}}}}}}|yes|
{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|File|[[Category:Wikipedia non-free files with NFUR stated]]{{#ifeq:{{{auto|}}}|yes|[[Category:Wikipedia non-free files with NFUR stated (bot-assessed)]]}}}}
|{{Uploader information|additional notes=
# This tag should only be used for posters.
# Try using '''[[Template:Non-free use rationale poster]]''' to state the rationale.
}}}}
{{Non-free media}}
}}{{image other
| [[Category:{{Resolve category redirect|{{{1|Non-free posters}}}}}]]
}}<noinclude>
{{documentation}}
</noinclude>
cl395x63818ock6m102l2bqeu2c2c0n
363582
363581
2026-07-30T16:45:23Z
ChiK
1136
೧ revisions imported from [[:en:Template:Non-free_poster]]
363581
wikitext
text/x-wiki
<!-- Non-free license tag, based on Template:Image-license-fairuse -->{{imbox
| type = license
| image = [[File:Fair use movie poster.svg|52px|Copyrighted]]
| imageright =
| text = This image is of a '''[[{{{poster_link|poster}}}]]''', and the copyright for it is most likely owned by either the publisher or the creator of the work depicted. It is believed that the use of '''scaled-down, low-resolution''' images of posters
*'''to provide critical commentary on the film, event, etc. in question or of the poster itself,''' not solely for illustration
*on the [[Main Page|English-language Wikipedia]], hosted on servers in the United States by the non-profit [[wmf:Home|Wikimedia Foundation]],
qualifies as '''[[fair use]]''' under the [[copyright law of the United States]]. '''Any other uses of this image, on Wikipedia or elsewhere, may be [[copyright infringement]].''' See [[Wikipedia:Non-free content]] for more information.<br />
|below={{#ifeq:{{{image_has_rationale|{{{image has rationale}}}}}}|yes|
{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|File|[[Category:Wikipedia non-free files with NFUR stated]]{{#ifeq:{{{auto|}}}|yes|[[Category:Wikipedia non-free files with NFUR stated (bot-assessed)]]}}}}
|{{Uploader information|additional notes=
# This tag should only be used for posters.
# Try using '''[[Template:Non-free use rationale poster]]''' to state the rationale.
}}}}
{{Non-free media}}
}}{{image other
| [[Category:{{Resolve category redirect|{{{1|Non-free posters}}}}}]]
}}<noinclude>
{{documentation}}
</noinclude>
cl395x63818ock6m102l2bqeu2c2c0n
ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Non-free poster/doc
10
27636
363583
2025-03-11T15:00:04Z
en>TAnthony
0
/* Usage */
363583
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{documentation subpage}}
{{high-use| over 55,000 }}
This template should be placed in the '''Licensing''' section of non-free posters to identify them as such. ''Note:'' Posters with US copyrights before 1964 are mostly in the public domain due to failure to formally renew the copyright on the poster. In this case the template <nowiki>{{PD-art|PD-US-not renewed}}</nowiki> should be used instead of this template. See [[Copyright renewal]]. Film posters have a specific template, {{tl|Non-free film poster}}.
== Usage ==
Simply insert this template into the Licensing section of an image description page. If a [[Wikipedia:Non-free use rationale|non-free use rationale]] is provided on the image description page, '''image_has_rationale''' should be set to '''yes''', and the message at the bottom of the template requesting that the uploader provide a fair use rationale will be removed. '''Note''': A non-free use rationale is required to comply with fair use guidelines, and a non-free file lacking one may be deleted after being tagged for seven days under [[WP:F6|speedy deletion criterion F6]].
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">== Licensing ==
{{Non-free poster|image_has_rationale= }}</syntaxhighlight>
Applying this template will place the image into [[:Category:Non-free posters]]. However, you have the option of putting the image into an appropriate subcategory, such as {{c|Concert and tour posters}}, {{c|Non-free images of event posters}}, {{c|Non-free images of sports posters}}, {{c|Non-free images of television program posters}}, {{c|Non-free images of theatre posters}}, {{c|Non-free images of video game posters}}, etc. To do so, add the name of the category as the first unnamed parameter, as in the following example.
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">== Licensing ==
{{Non-free poster|image_has_rationale= |Non-free images of event posters}}</syntaxhighlight>
==See also==
* {{tl|Non-free film poster}}
<includeonly>{{Sandbox other||
[[Category:Wikipedia non-free file copyright templates|Poster]]
[[Category:Film templates]]
}}</includeonly>
4qw668rea6nesb76jfnfqtg8fjrxryb
363584
363583
2026-07-30T16:45:24Z
ChiK
1136
೧ revisions imported from [[:en:Template:Non-free_poster/doc]]
363583
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{documentation subpage}}
{{high-use| over 55,000 }}
This template should be placed in the '''Licensing''' section of non-free posters to identify them as such. ''Note:'' Posters with US copyrights before 1964 are mostly in the public domain due to failure to formally renew the copyright on the poster. In this case the template <nowiki>{{PD-art|PD-US-not renewed}}</nowiki> should be used instead of this template. See [[Copyright renewal]]. Film posters have a specific template, {{tl|Non-free film poster}}.
== Usage ==
Simply insert this template into the Licensing section of an image description page. If a [[Wikipedia:Non-free use rationale|non-free use rationale]] is provided on the image description page, '''image_has_rationale''' should be set to '''yes''', and the message at the bottom of the template requesting that the uploader provide a fair use rationale will be removed. '''Note''': A non-free use rationale is required to comply with fair use guidelines, and a non-free file lacking one may be deleted after being tagged for seven days under [[WP:F6|speedy deletion criterion F6]].
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">== Licensing ==
{{Non-free poster|image_has_rationale= }}</syntaxhighlight>
Applying this template will place the image into [[:Category:Non-free posters]]. However, you have the option of putting the image into an appropriate subcategory, such as {{c|Concert and tour posters}}, {{c|Non-free images of event posters}}, {{c|Non-free images of sports posters}}, {{c|Non-free images of television program posters}}, {{c|Non-free images of theatre posters}}, {{c|Non-free images of video game posters}}, etc. To do so, add the name of the category as the first unnamed parameter, as in the following example.
<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">== Licensing ==
{{Non-free poster|image_has_rationale= |Non-free images of event posters}}</syntaxhighlight>
==See also==
* {{tl|Non-free film poster}}
<includeonly>{{Sandbox other||
[[Category:Wikipedia non-free file copyright templates|Poster]]
[[Category:Film templates]]
}}</includeonly>
4qw668rea6nesb76jfnfqtg8fjrxryb
ಫೈಲ್:ಕರಾವಳಿ (ಪಿಚ್ಚರ್).jpeg
6
27637
363585
2026-07-30T16:46:09Z
ChiK
1136
363585
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== ಪರವಾನಿಗೆ ==
{{Non-free poster}}
ph4z2r6dt3x9ycw4as4d4w4xdn4yc4k
ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Resolve category redirect
10
27638
363588
2021-03-29T18:23:59Z
en>MusikBot II
0
Protected "[[Template:Resolve category redirect]]": [[Wikipedia:High-risk templates|High-risk template or module]] ([[User:MusikBot II/TemplateProtector|more info]]) ([Edit=Require template editor access] (indefinite) [Move=Require template editor access] (indefinite))
363588
wikitext
text/x-wiki
<includeonly><!--
-->{{#invoke:Resolve category redirect|main}}<!--
--></includeonly><!--
--><noinclude><!--
-->{{Documentation}}<!--
--></noinclude>
hdz1ak62u8mcppclpl87p1pa2riksio
363589
363588
2026-07-30T16:48:41Z
ChiK
1136
೧ revisions imported from [[:en:Template:Resolve_category_redirect]]
363588
wikitext
text/x-wiki
<includeonly><!--
-->{{#invoke:Resolve category redirect|main}}<!--
--></includeonly><!--
--><noinclude><!--
-->{{Documentation}}<!--
--></noinclude>
hdz1ak62u8mcppclpl87p1pa2riksio
ಮೋಡ್ಯೂಲ್:Resolve category redirect
828
27639
363590
2026-01-23T14:19:40Z
en>Tom.Reding
0
Allow a 2nd parser function parameter & allow hyphens anywhere, per talk; from sandbox & testcases
363590
Scribunto
text/plain
local p = {}
local function cleanup( rtarget )
rtarget = mw.text.trim( rtarget )
rtarget = mw.ustring.gsub( rtarget, '^1%s*=%s*', '' )
rtarget = string.gsub( rtarget, '^[Cc]ategory:', '' )
return rtarget
end
local function escape( text )
return string.gsub( text or '', '-', '%%-' ) --expand as needed
end
--Returns the target of {{Category redirect}}, if it exists, else returns the original cat.
function p.rtarget( cat, frame )
cat = string.gsub( cat, '^[Cc]ategory:', '' ) --"!" in cat not recognized by mw.title.makeTitle() otherwise
if string.match( cat, '[|]' ) then return cat end
local cattitle = mw.title.makeTitle( 'Category', cat or '' ) --makeTitle() allows ':' in cat names
if not cattitle then return cat end
local catcontent = cattitle:getContent()
if string.match( catcontent or '', '{{ *[Cc]at' ) then --regex common to all possible calls
catcontent = mw.ustring.gsub( catcontent, '|%s*keep%s*=%s*[yY]?[eE]?[sS]?%s*', '' ) --remove other params
local getRegex = require('Module:Template redirect regex').main
local tregex = getRegex('Category redirect')
for _, v in pairs (tregex) do
local found = mw.ustring.match( catcontent, v..'%s*|' )
if found then --refine
local rtarget = mw.ustring.match( catcontent, v..'%s*|%s*([^{|}]+)}}' ) or --{{Category redirect|...}} (most common)
mw.ustring.match( catcontent, v..'%s*|%s*([^{|}]+)|' ) --{{Category redirect|...|...}} (2nd most common)
if rtarget then --normal, plain text target
return cleanup(rtarget)
else
local ty_regex = '%s*|%s*([^{|}]*{{([^#][^{|}]+)}}[^{|}]*)' --$1 nests $2
local rtarget_ty, ty = mw.ustring.match( catcontent, v..ty_regex )
if rtarget_ty then --{{Category redirect|...{{Title year}}... (less common)
local ty_eval = frame:expandTemplate{ title = ty, args = { page = cat } } --frame:newChild doesn't work, use 'page' param instead
local rtarget_ty_eval = mw.ustring.gsub( rtarget_ty, '{{%s*'..escape(ty)..'%s*}}', ty_eval )
return cleanup(rtarget_ty_eval)
else --resolve basic parser functions: e.g. {{#time:j F Y}} on Proposed deletion as of today (very uncommon)
local pf_regex = '%s*|%s*([^{|}]*{{%s*(#[^{|}#:]+):([^{|}#:]+)}}[^{|}]*)' --$1 nests $2 & $3
local rtarget_pf, pf, pf_arg = mw.ustring.match( catcontent, v..pf_regex )
if rtarget_pf then
local pf_eval = frame:callParserFunction{ name = pf, args = { pf_arg } }
local rtarget_pf_eval = mw.ustring.gsub( rtarget_pf, '{{%s*'..escape(pf)..'%s*:%s*'..escape(pf_arg)..'%s*}}', pf_eval )
return cleanup(rtarget_pf_eval)
else --resolve parser functions with sub-parameter: e.g. {{#time:F Y|now -1 year}} on Orphaned articles from last year
local pfp_regex = '%s*|%s*([^{|}]*{{%s*(#[^{|}#:]+):([^{|}#:]+)|([^{|}#:]+)}}[^{|}]*)' --$1 nests $2, $3, $4
local rtarget_pfp, pfp, pfp_arg1, pfp_arg2 = mw.ustring.match( catcontent, v..pfp_regex )
if rtarget_pfp then
local pfp_args_gsub = escape(pfp_arg1)..'%s*|%s*'..escape(pfp_arg2)
local pfp_eval = frame:callParserFunction{ name = pfp, args = { pfp_arg1, pfp_arg2 } }
local rtarget_pfp_eval = mw.ustring.gsub( rtarget_pfp, '{{%s*'..escape(pfp)..'%s*:%s*'..pfp_args_gsub..'%s*}}', pfp_eval )
return cleanup(rtarget_pfp_eval)
else --potential TODO: +loop for multiple templates/parameters
return cat
end
end
end end end end end
return cat
end
function p.main( frame )
local args = frame:getParent().args
local cat = mw.text.trim( args[1] or '' )
if (cat == '') or (cat == nil) then
return ''
end
return p.rtarget( cat, frame )
end
return p
joi7kgyz101a5kvcmwccwt988d6vw1m
363591
363590
2026-07-30T16:48:41Z
ChiK
1136
೧ revisions imported from [[:en:Module:Resolve_category_redirect]]
363590
Scribunto
text/plain
local p = {}
local function cleanup( rtarget )
rtarget = mw.text.trim( rtarget )
rtarget = mw.ustring.gsub( rtarget, '^1%s*=%s*', '' )
rtarget = string.gsub( rtarget, '^[Cc]ategory:', '' )
return rtarget
end
local function escape( text )
return string.gsub( text or '', '-', '%%-' ) --expand as needed
end
--Returns the target of {{Category redirect}}, if it exists, else returns the original cat.
function p.rtarget( cat, frame )
cat = string.gsub( cat, '^[Cc]ategory:', '' ) --"!" in cat not recognized by mw.title.makeTitle() otherwise
if string.match( cat, '[|]' ) then return cat end
local cattitle = mw.title.makeTitle( 'Category', cat or '' ) --makeTitle() allows ':' in cat names
if not cattitle then return cat end
local catcontent = cattitle:getContent()
if string.match( catcontent or '', '{{ *[Cc]at' ) then --regex common to all possible calls
catcontent = mw.ustring.gsub( catcontent, '|%s*keep%s*=%s*[yY]?[eE]?[sS]?%s*', '' ) --remove other params
local getRegex = require('Module:Template redirect regex').main
local tregex = getRegex('Category redirect')
for _, v in pairs (tregex) do
local found = mw.ustring.match( catcontent, v..'%s*|' )
if found then --refine
local rtarget = mw.ustring.match( catcontent, v..'%s*|%s*([^{|}]+)}}' ) or --{{Category redirect|...}} (most common)
mw.ustring.match( catcontent, v..'%s*|%s*([^{|}]+)|' ) --{{Category redirect|...|...}} (2nd most common)
if rtarget then --normal, plain text target
return cleanup(rtarget)
else
local ty_regex = '%s*|%s*([^{|}]*{{([^#][^{|}]+)}}[^{|}]*)' --$1 nests $2
local rtarget_ty, ty = mw.ustring.match( catcontent, v..ty_regex )
if rtarget_ty then --{{Category redirect|...{{Title year}}... (less common)
local ty_eval = frame:expandTemplate{ title = ty, args = { page = cat } } --frame:newChild doesn't work, use 'page' param instead
local rtarget_ty_eval = mw.ustring.gsub( rtarget_ty, '{{%s*'..escape(ty)..'%s*}}', ty_eval )
return cleanup(rtarget_ty_eval)
else --resolve basic parser functions: e.g. {{#time:j F Y}} on Proposed deletion as of today (very uncommon)
local pf_regex = '%s*|%s*([^{|}]*{{%s*(#[^{|}#:]+):([^{|}#:]+)}}[^{|}]*)' --$1 nests $2 & $3
local rtarget_pf, pf, pf_arg = mw.ustring.match( catcontent, v..pf_regex )
if rtarget_pf then
local pf_eval = frame:callParserFunction{ name = pf, args = { pf_arg } }
local rtarget_pf_eval = mw.ustring.gsub( rtarget_pf, '{{%s*'..escape(pf)..'%s*:%s*'..escape(pf_arg)..'%s*}}', pf_eval )
return cleanup(rtarget_pf_eval)
else --resolve parser functions with sub-parameter: e.g. {{#time:F Y|now -1 year}} on Orphaned articles from last year
local pfp_regex = '%s*|%s*([^{|}]*{{%s*(#[^{|}#:]+):([^{|}#:]+)|([^{|}#:]+)}}[^{|}]*)' --$1 nests $2, $3, $4
local rtarget_pfp, pfp, pfp_arg1, pfp_arg2 = mw.ustring.match( catcontent, v..pfp_regex )
if rtarget_pfp then
local pfp_args_gsub = escape(pfp_arg1)..'%s*|%s*'..escape(pfp_arg2)
local pfp_eval = frame:callParserFunction{ name = pfp, args = { pfp_arg1, pfp_arg2 } }
local rtarget_pfp_eval = mw.ustring.gsub( rtarget_pfp, '{{%s*'..escape(pfp)..'%s*:%s*'..pfp_args_gsub..'%s*}}', pfp_eval )
return cleanup(rtarget_pfp_eval)
else --potential TODO: +loop for multiple templates/parameters
return cat
end
end
end end end end end
return cat
end
function p.main( frame )
local args = frame:getParent().args
local cat = mw.text.trim( args[1] or '' )
if (cat == '') or (cat == nil) then
return ''
end
return p.rtarget( cat, frame )
end
return p
joi7kgyz101a5kvcmwccwt988d6vw1m
ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Title year
10
27640
363594
2021-02-21T22:37:23Z
en>Pppery
0
Fix substing
363594
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{{{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:String|match|{{{page|{{{{{|safesubst:}}}BASEPAGENAME}}}}}|%d%d%d%d?|match={{{1|{{{match|1}}}}}}|nomatch={{{2|{{{nomatch|}}}}}}}}<noinclude>
{{documentation}}
</noinclude>
fvwyqlrqkgh2jzplag71e6rr64ssm52
363595
363594
2026-07-30T16:48:42Z
ChiK
1136
೧ revisions imported from [[:en:Template:Title_year]]
363594
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{{{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:String|match|{{{page|{{{{{|safesubst:}}}BASEPAGENAME}}}}}|%d%d%d%d?|match={{{1|{{{match|1}}}}}}|nomatch={{{2|{{{nomatch|}}}}}}}}<noinclude>
{{documentation}}
</noinclude>
fvwyqlrqkgh2jzplag71e6rr64ssm52
ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Resolve category redirect/doc
10
27643
363606
2026-06-17T22:43:04Z
en>Tom.Reding
0
/* Avoiding deletion of the redirected page */ ce
363606
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{Documentation subpage}}
{{Used in system|in [[MediaWiki:Babel-category-override]]}}
{{Lua|Module:Resolve category redirect|Module:Template redirect regex}}
{{Lua sidebar}}
== About ==
This template resolves [[Template:Category redirect|soft category redirects]].
It takes one parameter, which is the name of a category. If successful, it will return the target of {{tlx|category redirect|<target>}} on that category. If unsuccessful, it will return its own original parameter.
== Usage ==
<code><nowiki>{{Resolve category redirect|</nowiki>''categoryname''<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>
== Examples ==
=== Category exists and is not redirected: [[:Category:1970s]] ===
* <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Resolve category redirect|1970s}}</syntaxhighlight> → {{Resolve category redirect|1970s}}
* <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Resolve category redirect|Category:1970s}}</syntaxhighlight> → {{Resolve category redirect|Category:1970s}}
=== Category exists and is a soft redirect: [[:Category:Mosques completed in the 19th century]] ===
* <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Resolve category redirect|Mosques completed in the 19th century}}</syntaxhighlight> → {{Resolve category redirect|Mosques completed in the 19th century}}
* <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Resolve category redirect|Category:Mosques completed in the 19th century}}</syntaxhighlight> → {{Resolve category redirect|Category:Mosques completed in the 19th century}}
=== Category exists and is a soft redirect: [[:Category:Organisations]] ===
* <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Resolve category redirect|Organisations}}</syntaxhighlight> → {{Resolve category redirect|Organisations}}
* <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Resolve category redirect|Category:Organisations}}</syntaxhighlight> → {{Resolve category redirect|Category:Organisations}}
=== Non-existent category: [[:Category:Colourless green things]] ===
* <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Resolve category redirect|Colourless green things}}</syntaxhighlight> → {{Resolve category redirect|Colourless green things}}
* <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Resolve category redirect|Category:Colourless green things}}</syntaxhighlight> → {{Resolve category redirect|Category:Colourless green things}}
=== {{tl|Title year}} in category: [[:Category:1781 in Mexico]] ===
* <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Resolve category redirect|1781 in Mexico}}</syntaxhighlight> → {{Resolve category redirect|1781 in Mexico}}
* <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Resolve category redirect|Category:1781 in Mexico}}</syntaxhighlight> → {{Resolve category redirect|Category:1781 in Mexico}}
=== [[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions|Parser function]] with subparameter in category: [[:Category:Orphaned articles from last year]] ===
* <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Resolve category redirect|Orphaned articles from last year}</syntaxhighlight> → {{Resolve category redirect|Orphaned articles from last year}}
* <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Resolve category redirect|Category:Orphaned articles from last year}}</syntaxhighlight> → {{Resolve category redirect|Category:Orphaned articles from last year}}
== Templates ==
{{tl|Title year}} and other templates without parameters are now allowed in the {{tl|Category redirect}} target name, as well as basic [[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions|parser functions]], and are evaluated accordingly. Multiple templates are not evaluated, but such functionality can be requested with an appropriate working example.
The character <code>!</code> is also now allowed (see [[Template:Resolve category redirect/testcases#Exclamation mark in category name|testcases]]).
==Avoiding deletion of the redirected page==
It is helpful to also add {{t|R from category navigation}} or {{t|R from template-generated category}} (as appropriate) to indicate that the redirect is required for navigation between category pages. See those template pages for full syntax. This also hides a speedy deletion button that is otherwise displayed to administrators.
== Tracking categories ==
* {{clc|Wikipedia soft redirected categories which are not resolved correctly}}
== See also ==
* [[Template:Category redirect]]
* [[Template:Category if exists]]
<includeonly>{{sandbox other||
<!-- Categories below this line; interwikis at Wikidata -->
[[Category:Category namespace templates]]
[[Category:Soft redirect templates]]
[[Category:Redirect templates]]
}}</includeonly>
frnvkqloug1hl5w9etf7zo7vrtr99w3
363607
363606
2026-07-30T16:48:43Z
ChiK
1136
೧ revisions imported from [[:en:Template:Resolve_category_redirect/doc]]
363606
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{Documentation subpage}}
{{Used in system|in [[MediaWiki:Babel-category-override]]}}
{{Lua|Module:Resolve category redirect|Module:Template redirect regex}}
{{Lua sidebar}}
== About ==
This template resolves [[Template:Category redirect|soft category redirects]].
It takes one parameter, which is the name of a category. If successful, it will return the target of {{tlx|category redirect|<target>}} on that category. If unsuccessful, it will return its own original parameter.
== Usage ==
<code><nowiki>{{Resolve category redirect|</nowiki>''categoryname''<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>
== Examples ==
=== Category exists and is not redirected: [[:Category:1970s]] ===
* <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Resolve category redirect|1970s}}</syntaxhighlight> → {{Resolve category redirect|1970s}}
* <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Resolve category redirect|Category:1970s}}</syntaxhighlight> → {{Resolve category redirect|Category:1970s}}
=== Category exists and is a soft redirect: [[:Category:Mosques completed in the 19th century]] ===
* <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Resolve category redirect|Mosques completed in the 19th century}}</syntaxhighlight> → {{Resolve category redirect|Mosques completed in the 19th century}}
* <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Resolve category redirect|Category:Mosques completed in the 19th century}}</syntaxhighlight> → {{Resolve category redirect|Category:Mosques completed in the 19th century}}
=== Category exists and is a soft redirect: [[:Category:Organisations]] ===
* <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Resolve category redirect|Organisations}}</syntaxhighlight> → {{Resolve category redirect|Organisations}}
* <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Resolve category redirect|Category:Organisations}}</syntaxhighlight> → {{Resolve category redirect|Category:Organisations}}
=== Non-existent category: [[:Category:Colourless green things]] ===
* <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Resolve category redirect|Colourless green things}}</syntaxhighlight> → {{Resolve category redirect|Colourless green things}}
* <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Resolve category redirect|Category:Colourless green things}}</syntaxhighlight> → {{Resolve category redirect|Category:Colourless green things}}
=== {{tl|Title year}} in category: [[:Category:1781 in Mexico]] ===
* <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Resolve category redirect|1781 in Mexico}}</syntaxhighlight> → {{Resolve category redirect|1781 in Mexico}}
* <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Resolve category redirect|Category:1781 in Mexico}}</syntaxhighlight> → {{Resolve category redirect|Category:1781 in Mexico}}
=== [[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions|Parser function]] with subparameter in category: [[:Category:Orphaned articles from last year]] ===
* <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Resolve category redirect|Orphaned articles from last year}</syntaxhighlight> → {{Resolve category redirect|Orphaned articles from last year}}
* <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Resolve category redirect|Category:Orphaned articles from last year}}</syntaxhighlight> → {{Resolve category redirect|Category:Orphaned articles from last year}}
== Templates ==
{{tl|Title year}} and other templates without parameters are now allowed in the {{tl|Category redirect}} target name, as well as basic [[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions|parser functions]], and are evaluated accordingly. Multiple templates are not evaluated, but such functionality can be requested with an appropriate working example.
The character <code>!</code> is also now allowed (see [[Template:Resolve category redirect/testcases#Exclamation mark in category name|testcases]]).
==Avoiding deletion of the redirected page==
It is helpful to also add {{t|R from category navigation}} or {{t|R from template-generated category}} (as appropriate) to indicate that the redirect is required for navigation between category pages. See those template pages for full syntax. This also hides a speedy deletion button that is otherwise displayed to administrators.
== Tracking categories ==
* {{clc|Wikipedia soft redirected categories which are not resolved correctly}}
== See also ==
* [[Template:Category redirect]]
* [[Template:Category if exists]]
<includeonly>{{sandbox other||
<!-- Categories below this line; interwikis at Wikidata -->
[[Category:Category namespace templates]]
[[Category:Soft redirect templates]]
[[Category:Redirect templates]]
}}</includeonly>
frnvkqloug1hl5w9etf7zo7vrtr99w3
ಮೋಡ್ಯೂಲ್:Template redirect regex
828
27645
363610
2024-08-16T10:34:40Z
en>Tom.Reding
0
+[[Template:Short description]]; ce
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Scribunto
text/plain
local p = {}
--returns a table of regular expressions, sorted by descending popularity, for a parent template and all redirects to it as of a certain date, or nil
--regex for the 1st pipe and surrounding whitespace are purposefully omitted to give the calling modules more flexibility
function p.main( template )
--expand the following table as-needed, following the same format
local tCanonical_templates = {
['Category redirect'] = {
--the following 11 pages (6 condensed) redirect to [[Template:Category redirect]], as of 2022/9:
'{{%s*[Cc]ate?g?o?r?y?[ _]*[rR]edirect', --parent+505+312+243+1 transclusions
'{{%s*[Cc]atr', --21
'{{%s*[Cc]at[ _]*[rR]edir', --5+3
'{{%s*[Cc]at[ _]*[rR]ed', --3+2
'{{%s*[Cc]at[ _]*[mM]ove', --1
'{{%s*[Cc]ategory[ _]*[mM]ove', --0
},
['Taxonbar'] = {
--the following 6 pages (3 condensed) redirect to [[Template:Taxonbar]], as of 2023/8:
'{{%s*[Tt]axon?[ _-]?[bB]ar', --parent+50+11+2+2 transclusions
'{{%s*[Tt]axon[Ii]ds', --45
'{{%s*[Tt]axon[ _]*[iI]dentifiers', --1
--detect direct calls to [[Module:Taxonbar]]
'{{ *#invoke *: *[Tt]axonbar',
},
['Short description'] = {
--the following 4 pages (2 condensed) redirect to [[Template:Short description]], as of 2024/8:
'{{%s*[Ss]hort[ _]?[dD]escription', --parent+125+6 transclusions
'{{%s*[Ss]hort[ _]?[d]esc', --10+8
},
}
return tCanonical_templates[template] or nil
end
return p
a9n8o33jttng74wtv8xx778lag02nxm
363611
363610
2026-07-30T16:48:44Z
ChiK
1136
೧ revisions imported from [[:en:Module:Template_redirect_regex]]
363610
Scribunto
text/plain
local p = {}
--returns a table of regular expressions, sorted by descending popularity, for a parent template and all redirects to it as of a certain date, or nil
--regex for the 1st pipe and surrounding whitespace are purposefully omitted to give the calling modules more flexibility
function p.main( template )
--expand the following table as-needed, following the same format
local tCanonical_templates = {
['Category redirect'] = {
--the following 11 pages (6 condensed) redirect to [[Template:Category redirect]], as of 2022/9:
'{{%s*[Cc]ate?g?o?r?y?[ _]*[rR]edirect', --parent+505+312+243+1 transclusions
'{{%s*[Cc]atr', --21
'{{%s*[Cc]at[ _]*[rR]edir', --5+3
'{{%s*[Cc]at[ _]*[rR]ed', --3+2
'{{%s*[Cc]at[ _]*[mM]ove', --1
'{{%s*[Cc]ategory[ _]*[mM]ove', --0
},
['Taxonbar'] = {
--the following 6 pages (3 condensed) redirect to [[Template:Taxonbar]], as of 2023/8:
'{{%s*[Tt]axon?[ _-]?[bB]ar', --parent+50+11+2+2 transclusions
'{{%s*[Tt]axon[Ii]ds', --45
'{{%s*[Tt]axon[ _]*[iI]dentifiers', --1
--detect direct calls to [[Module:Taxonbar]]
'{{ *#invoke *: *[Tt]axonbar',
},
['Short description'] = {
--the following 4 pages (2 condensed) redirect to [[Template:Short description]], as of 2024/8:
'{{%s*[Ss]hort[ _]?[dD]escription', --parent+125+6 transclusions
'{{%s*[Ss]hort[ _]?[d]esc', --10+8
},
}
return tCanonical_templates[template] or nil
end
return p
a9n8o33jttng74wtv8xx778lag02nxm
ವರ್ಗೊ:Orphaned articles from last year
14
27647
363614
2025-11-06T05:25:39Z
en>Jonesey95
0
[[WP:REDNOT]]
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wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{category redirect|Category:Orphaned articles from {{#time:F Y|now -1 year}}}}
dcfo84qbcyb5e8hhplnqgvbacbj0wr6
363615
363614
2026-07-30T16:48:44Z
ChiK
1136
೧ revisions imported from [[:en:Category:Orphaned_articles_from_last_year]]
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wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{category redirect|Category:Orphaned articles from {{#time:F Y|now -1 year}}}}
dcfo84qbcyb5e8hhplnqgvbacbj0wr6
ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Category redirect
10
27648
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2024-08-25T18:08:02Z
en>HouseBlaster
0
sync with sandbox, which uses a subtemplate ([[template:category redirect/core]]) to reduce duplicate computation
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wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{category redirect/core<!--
-->|target={{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE:{{{1}}} }}|Category|{{PAGENAME:{{{1}}} }}|{{{1}}} }}<!--
-->|redirect_categories={{{2|}}}<!--
-->|keep={{yesno|1={{{keep|}}}}}<!--
-->|nocat={{{nocat|{{#ifeq:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|MediaWiki:Category-move-redirect-override|true}}}}}<!--
-->}}<!--
# We check for unknown parameters primarily to catch {{category redirect | <target> | {{rcat1}} | {{rcat2}} }}
-->{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|preview=unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|unknown=[[Category:Pages using category redirect with unknown parameters|_VALUE_]]|showblankpositional=1|1|2|nocat|keep|bot}}<noinclude>
{{Documentation}}
<!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage and interwikis to Wikidata, not here! -->
</noinclude>
2ghjuv9968jk43jh0z24ccdwfvunfib
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2026-07-30T16:49:27Z
ChiK
1136
೧ revisions imported from [[:en:Template:Category_redirect]]
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wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{category redirect/core<!--
-->|target={{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE:{{{1}}} }}|Category|{{PAGENAME:{{{1}}} }}|{{{1}}} }}<!--
-->|redirect_categories={{{2|}}}<!--
-->|keep={{yesno|1={{{keep|}}}}}<!--
-->|nocat={{{nocat|{{#ifeq:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|MediaWiki:Category-move-redirect-override|true}}}}}<!--
-->}}<!--
# We check for unknown parameters primarily to catch {{category redirect | <target> | {{rcat1}} | {{rcat2}} }}
-->{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|preview=unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|unknown=[[Category:Pages using category redirect with unknown parameters|_VALUE_]]|showblankpositional=1|1|2|nocat|keep|bot}}<noinclude>
{{Documentation}}
<!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage and interwikis to Wikidata, not here! -->
</noinclude>
2ghjuv9968jk43jh0z24ccdwfvunfib
ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Category redirect/doc
10
27649
363626
2024-10-21T02:08:41Z
en>Tule-hog
0
alter cat
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wikitext
text/x-wiki
<noinclude>{{pp-protected|small=yes}}</noinclude>{{Documentation subpage}}
<!-- Categories go where indicated at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis go to Wikidata (see also: [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) -->
{{High-use}}
{{nosubst}}
{{Bot use warning|bots={{U|JJMC89 bot}} and {{U|RussBot}}}}
{{Distinguish|Template:Redirect category}}
{{For|the Wikipedia policy on redirecting categories|WP:CATRED}}
{{tsh|Catred|Catr}}
== Instructions ==
Example: To redirect from [[:Category:Authors]] to [[:Category:Writers]], simply add the following to [[:Category:Authors]]:
:<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Category redirect|Writers}}</syntaxhighlight> or
:<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Category redirect|Category:Writers}}</syntaxhighlight> with optional namespace prefix
This template adds category pages to [[:Category:Wikipedia soft redirected categories]].
If a category redirect exists but is not likely to be useful (see criteria in [[WP:Category redirects that should be kept]]), start a discussion at [[WP:CFD]].
In the case of redirects that are [[template:resolve category redirect|resolved]] or otherwise used by other templates, consider also adding the template {{tl|R from category navigation}} and/or {{tl|R from template-generated category}} as the unnamed second parameter. For example, on [[:Category:16th-century Czech people]]:
<div style="margin-left:1.6em;"><syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Category redirect | 16th-century people from Bohemia | {{R from category navigation}} }}</syntaxhighlight></div>
If more than one "R from" templates are applicable, as on [[:Category:Years of the 19th century in Sri Lanka]], do <strong>not</strong> use a pipe between the two. They should both be included in the second parameter:
<div style="margin-left:1.6em;"><syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Category redirect | Years of the 19th century in Ceylon | {{R from category navigation}} {{R from template-generated category}} }}</syntaxhighlight></div>
If a category redirect is intended to be kept when the above templates are not applicable, e.g. for alternative spellings, then add {{para|keep|yes}} to suppress a deletion link that is usually displayed to administrators. It is not necessary to specify this when using the "R from" templates, because this function is switched on by their presence. It is <strong>not</strong> automatically enabled when a Wikidata item is attached to the category (see [[#Redirects with Wikidata items|the next section]]), because caching issues often prevent the link from showing up when the category redirect was a temporary addition. If such a redirect should be kept, add {{para|keep|yes}}.
=== Redirects with Wikidata items ===
Redirects with Wikidata items are automatically categorized as such; there is no need to manually add {{t|soft redirect with Wikidata item}}. For an example, see [[:Category:Fictional schoolchildren]].
=== Templates in the target name ===
Note that the use of multiple templates in the target name, or templates with any parameters, will prevent the redirect from being resolved by {{t|Resolve category redirect}}, as will the character <code>|</code>. Category redirects which cannot be resolved are tracked in [[:Category:Wikipedia soft redirected categories which are not resolved correctly]].
For more information, see [[Template:Resolve category redirect#Templates]].
== Errors ==
Non-empty categories will be listed at {{cl|Wikipedia non-empty soft redirected categories|count=yes}}.
Additionally, [[:Category:Wikipedia category-redirect box parameter needs fixing]] tracks five different errors with the category redirect box itself:
* Infinite loops of length one will be listed at {{cl|Wikipedia soft redirected categories which target themselves|count=yes}}
* Redirects with non-existent targets will be listed at {{cl|Wikipedia soft redirected categories whose target does not exist|count=yes}}
* Templates with unknown parameters will be listed at {{cl|Pages using category redirect with unknown parameters|count=yes}}
* Category redirects which are not correctly resolved via {{t|resolve category redirect}} will be listed at {{cl|Wikipedia soft redirected categories which are not resolved correctly|count=yes}}
* Double category redirects will be listed at {{cl|Double-redirected categories|count=yes}}
== TemplateData ==
{{TemplateData header}}
<templatedata>
{
"params": {
"1": {
"label": "Destination category",
"description": "Category that this category should redirect to (Category: prefix is optional)",
"example": "Category:Writers",
"type": "wiki-page-name",
"required": true
},
"2": {
"label": "Redirect categories",
"description": "This parameter is for various {{redirect template}}s",
"example": "{{R from category navigation}}",
"type": "string"
},
"nocat": {
"description": "If \"true\", suppresses categorization. This should only be used for examples.",
"example": "yes",
"type": "boolean",
"default": "false"
},
"keep": {
"description": "If \"true\", hides the link for admins to delete the category if empty. This feature is automatically enabled if any {{redirect templates}} are supplied.",
"type": "boolean",
"default": "false"
}
},
"description": "Marks category as a soft-redirect",
"format": "inline",
"paramOrder": [
"1",
"2",
"nocat",
"keep"
]
}
</templatedata>
== See also ==
* [[Template:Category redirect/core]]
* [[Template:Category disambiguation]]
* [[Template:Resolve category redirect]]
* [[Wikipedia:Template index/Category namespace]]
<includeonly>{{sandbox other||
<!-- Categories go below this line, please; interwikis go to Wikidata, thank you! -->
[[Category:Redirect templates]]
[[Category:Category namespace templates]]
[[Category:Soft redirect templates]]
}}</includeonly>
hdqu16k9b6d3nubl98s2uoyc31lj5r6
363627
363626
2026-07-30T16:49:29Z
ChiK
1136
೧ revisions imported from [[:en:Template:Category_redirect/doc]]
363626
wikitext
text/x-wiki
<noinclude>{{pp-protected|small=yes}}</noinclude>{{Documentation subpage}}
<!-- Categories go where indicated at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis go to Wikidata (see also: [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) -->
{{High-use}}
{{nosubst}}
{{Bot use warning|bots={{U|JJMC89 bot}} and {{U|RussBot}}}}
{{Distinguish|Template:Redirect category}}
{{For|the Wikipedia policy on redirecting categories|WP:CATRED}}
{{tsh|Catred|Catr}}
== Instructions ==
Example: To redirect from [[:Category:Authors]] to [[:Category:Writers]], simply add the following to [[:Category:Authors]]:
:<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Category redirect|Writers}}</syntaxhighlight> or
:<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Category redirect|Category:Writers}}</syntaxhighlight> with optional namespace prefix
This template adds category pages to [[:Category:Wikipedia soft redirected categories]].
If a category redirect exists but is not likely to be useful (see criteria in [[WP:Category redirects that should be kept]]), start a discussion at [[WP:CFD]].
In the case of redirects that are [[template:resolve category redirect|resolved]] or otherwise used by other templates, consider also adding the template {{tl|R from category navigation}} and/or {{tl|R from template-generated category}} as the unnamed second parameter. For example, on [[:Category:16th-century Czech people]]:
<div style="margin-left:1.6em;"><syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Category redirect | 16th-century people from Bohemia | {{R from category navigation}} }}</syntaxhighlight></div>
If more than one "R from" templates are applicable, as on [[:Category:Years of the 19th century in Sri Lanka]], do <strong>not</strong> use a pipe between the two. They should both be included in the second parameter:
<div style="margin-left:1.6em;"><syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Category redirect | Years of the 19th century in Ceylon | {{R from category navigation}} {{R from template-generated category}} }}</syntaxhighlight></div>
If a category redirect is intended to be kept when the above templates are not applicable, e.g. for alternative spellings, then add {{para|keep|yes}} to suppress a deletion link that is usually displayed to administrators. It is not necessary to specify this when using the "R from" templates, because this function is switched on by their presence. It is <strong>not</strong> automatically enabled when a Wikidata item is attached to the category (see [[#Redirects with Wikidata items|the next section]]), because caching issues often prevent the link from showing up when the category redirect was a temporary addition. If such a redirect should be kept, add {{para|keep|yes}}.
=== Redirects with Wikidata items ===
Redirects with Wikidata items are automatically categorized as such; there is no need to manually add {{t|soft redirect with Wikidata item}}. For an example, see [[:Category:Fictional schoolchildren]].
=== Templates in the target name ===
Note that the use of multiple templates in the target name, or templates with any parameters, will prevent the redirect from being resolved by {{t|Resolve category redirect}}, as will the character <code>|</code>. Category redirects which cannot be resolved are tracked in [[:Category:Wikipedia soft redirected categories which are not resolved correctly]].
For more information, see [[Template:Resolve category redirect#Templates]].
== Errors ==
Non-empty categories will be listed at {{cl|Wikipedia non-empty soft redirected categories|count=yes}}.
Additionally, [[:Category:Wikipedia category-redirect box parameter needs fixing]] tracks five different errors with the category redirect box itself:
* Infinite loops of length one will be listed at {{cl|Wikipedia soft redirected categories which target themselves|count=yes}}
* Redirects with non-existent targets will be listed at {{cl|Wikipedia soft redirected categories whose target does not exist|count=yes}}
* Templates with unknown parameters will be listed at {{cl|Pages using category redirect with unknown parameters|count=yes}}
* Category redirects which are not correctly resolved via {{t|resolve category redirect}} will be listed at {{cl|Wikipedia soft redirected categories which are not resolved correctly|count=yes}}
* Double category redirects will be listed at {{cl|Double-redirected categories|count=yes}}
== TemplateData ==
{{TemplateData header}}
<templatedata>
{
"params": {
"1": {
"label": "Destination category",
"description": "Category that this category should redirect to (Category: prefix is optional)",
"example": "Category:Writers",
"type": "wiki-page-name",
"required": true
},
"2": {
"label": "Redirect categories",
"description": "This parameter is for various {{redirect template}}s",
"example": "{{R from category navigation}}",
"type": "string"
},
"nocat": {
"description": "If \"true\", suppresses categorization. This should only be used for examples.",
"example": "yes",
"type": "boolean",
"default": "false"
},
"keep": {
"description": "If \"true\", hides the link for admins to delete the category if empty. This feature is automatically enabled if any {{redirect templates}} are supplied.",
"type": "boolean",
"default": "false"
}
},
"description": "Marks category as a soft-redirect",
"format": "inline",
"paramOrder": [
"1",
"2",
"nocat",
"keep"
]
}
</templatedata>
== See also ==
* [[Template:Category redirect/core]]
* [[Template:Category disambiguation]]
* [[Template:Resolve category redirect]]
* [[Wikipedia:Template index/Category namespace]]
<includeonly>{{sandbox other||
<!-- Categories go below this line, please; interwikis go to Wikidata, thank you! -->
[[Category:Redirect templates]]
[[Category:Category namespace templates]]
[[Category:Soft redirect templates]]
}}</includeonly>
hdqu16k9b6d3nubl98s2uoyc31lj5r6
ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Category redirect/core
10
27650
363628
2025-12-03T17:58:10Z
en>R'n'B
0
which/that confusion
363628
wikitext
text/x-wiki
__EXPECTUNUSEDCATEGORY____EXPECTED_UNCONNECTED_PAGE__{{Cmbox
| type = move
| image = [[File:Redirect arrow.svg|52px|link=|alt=|class=skin-invert]]
| text =
'''This category is located at <span id="softredirect">[[:Category:{{{target}}}]]</span>.'''
<div style="margin-left:1.6em;">[[File:Symbol information vote.svg|16px|link=|alt=]] '''Note:''' This category should be empty.</div><!--
# If we have either a Wikidata item or a redirect category, show horizontal bars
-->{{#if:{{{redirect_categories}}}{{Get QID}}|<!--
--><hr /><!--
-->The following [[Wikipedia:Categorizing redirects|categories]] are used to track and monitor this redirect:<!--
# If we have a QID, show that first...
-->{{#if:{{Get QID}}|<!--
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|{{lc:{{#substr:Category:{{{target}}}|1|1}}}}{{#substring:Category:{{{target}}}|2}}<!--
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-->{{#ifexist:Category:{{{target}}}<!--
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# We have a target that exists, so now we check if it also a category redirect
-->{{If in category|page=Category:{{{target}}}|Wikipedia soft redirected categories<!--
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# We are NOT targeting a category redirect
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{{lc:{{#substr:{{#titleparts:{{Resolve category redirect|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}|1|1}}}}{{#substring:{{#titleparts:{{Resolve category redirect|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}|2}}
|{{lc:{{#substr:{{#titleparts:{{{target}}}}}|1|1}}}}{{#substring:{{#titleparts:{{{target}}}}}|2}}<!--
# {{Resolve category redirect}} returned the target, so it worked properly
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# Reporting if we have a Wikidata item attached to the redirect
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--><div style="margin-left:1.6em;">{{Wikidata entity link}}.</div><!--
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# Hide the note if we have |keep=yes OR we have a redirect category
-->{{#if:{{{keep}}}{{{redirect_categories}}}<!--
-->|<!-- Hide the note if we have |keep=yes OR we have a redirect category
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# First we check whether we have a circular redirect (of length 1)
-->{{#if:{{{target}}}|
{{#ifeq:
{{lc:{{#substr:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|1|1}}}}{{#substring:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|2}}
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-->|<!--
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-->{{If in category|page=Category:{{{target}}}|Wikipedia soft redirected categories<!--
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-->|<!--
# We are NOT targeting a category redirect
### begin {{Resolve category redirect}} checking ###
-->{{#ifeq:
{{lc:{{#substr:{{#titleparts:{{Resolve category redirect|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}|1|1}}}}{{#substring:{{#titleparts:{{Resolve category redirect|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}|2}}
|{{lc:{{#substr:{{#titleparts:{{{target}}}}}|1|1}}}}{{#substring:{{#titleparts:{{{target}}}}}|2}}<!--
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71szkgeaqi75v1jkuk61mohs79u09ay
ಪಾತೆರ:ಪಾಟ್ನಾ
1
27651
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2026-07-30T17:04:36Z
Mahaveer Indra
1023
https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/10wiki-tcy
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{{ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ 10ನೇ ವರ್ಸಂತಿಗೆ ಪಂತೊದ ಲೇಕನೊ}}
nekn5axm94un6rhhgr63qit15105phm
ಬಾವಗುತು ರಘುರಾಮ್ ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ
0
27652
363642
2026-07-31T02:21:08Z
Mahaveer Indra
1023
Mahaveer Indra, ಪುಟೊ [[ಬಾವಗುತು ರಘುರಾಮ್ ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ]] ನ್ [[ಬಾವಗುತ್ತು ರಘುರಾಮ ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ]] ಗ್ ಕಡಪುಡಿಯೆರ್: ಸರಿಯಾದ ಹೆಸರು.
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#REDIRECT [[ಬಾವಗುತ್ತು ರಘುರಾಮ ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ]]
3lj48625v895ipslhzxpfj9pjjqpoty
ಪಾತೆರ:ಬಾವಗುತು ರಘುರಾಮ್ ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ
1
27653
363644
2026-07-31T02:21:08Z
Mahaveer Indra
1023
Mahaveer Indra, ಪುಟೊ [[ಪಾತೆರ:ಬಾವಗುತು ರಘುರಾಮ್ ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ]] ನ್ [[ಪಾತೆರ:ಬಾವಗುತ್ತು ರಘುರಾಮ ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ]] ಗ್ ಕಡಪುಡಿಯೆರ್: ಸರಿಯಾದ ಹೆಸರು.
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#REDIRECT [[ಪಾತೆರ:ಬಾವಗುತ್ತು ರಘುರಾಮ ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ]]
7qcefe13s2qfd8h8xecoen2qfj70n8b
ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜ
0
27654
363652
2026-07-31T08:38:58Z
Hariprasad Shetty10
6127
ಹೊಸ ಪುಟ: '''ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜ''' ಎಸ್.ಜೆ.; 6 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1897 – 12 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1977 ಭಾರತದ ಒಂಜಿ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಪಾದ್ರಿ, ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ ತಜ್ಞ, ಲೇಖಕ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಭಾರತದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆದ (1946–1950) ಸದಸ್ಯ ಆದ್ ಇತ್ತಿನಾರ್.<ref name="Parliamentofindia.nic.in">{{cite web |url=http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/...
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'''ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜ''' ಎಸ್.ಜೆ.; 6 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1897 – 12 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1977 ಭಾರತದ ಒಂಜಿ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಪಾದ್ರಿ, ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ ತಜ್ಞ, ಲೇಖಕ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಭಾರತದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆದ (1946–1950) ಸದಸ್ಯ ಆದ್ ಇತ್ತಿನಾರ್.<ref name="Parliamentofindia.nic.in">{{cite web |url=http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/debates/vol1p1.htm |title=CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY OF INDIA – Volume I |publisher=Parliament of India |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160706203405/http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/debates/vol1p1.htm |archive-date=6 July 2016 |url-status=dead |access-date=28 December 2017}}</ref>
[[File:Jerome D'Souza 2 (1897-1977).jpg|thumb|ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜ]]
==ಆರಂಭೊದ ಜೀವನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ==
ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷ್ ಭಾರತದ ಅಂದಿನ [[ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಕನ್ನಡ]] ಜಿಲ್ಲೆದ [[ಮೂಲ್ಕಿ]] ಪಟ್ಟಣದ ಒಂಜಿ ಕ್ಯಾಥೊಲಿಕ್ ಕುಟುಂಬೊಡು 6 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1897ಡ್ ಜನನ ಆಯೆರ್. ಬುದ್ದಿವಂತಿಕೆದ ಆಸಕ್ತಿ ಇತ್ತಿನ ಕುಟುಂಬೊಡು ಬುಳೆದಿನ ಕಾರಣೊಡ್ದು, ಬಾಲ್ಯೊಡೇ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಸ್ಥಳೀಯ ಭಾಷೆಲೆನು ಪೂರಾ ಕಲ್ತಿನಾರ್. ಅರೆನ ಪ್ರೌಢ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣನ್ ಸೇಂಟ್ ಅಲೋಶಿಯಸ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ಮಂಗಳೂರುಡ್ ಪೂರೈಸಿಯೆರ್. ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಉನ್ನತ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣನ್ ಸೇಂಟ್ ಜೋಸೆಫ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ತಿರುಚಿರಾಪಳ್ಳಿ, [[ತಮಿಳುನಾಡು]])ಡ್ ಮಂತೆರ್. ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ವಿಶ್ವವಿದ್ಯಾನಿಲಯೊಡ್ ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷ್ ಸಾಹಿತ್ಯೊದ ಪದವಿನ್ ಸಂಪಾದಿಸಾಯೆರ್. ಪದವಿ ಮುಗಿತ್ತಿನ ಪಿರ ಒಂಜಿ ವರ್ಷ ಸೇಂಟ್ ಜೋಸೆಫ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ತಿರುಚಿರಾಪಳ್ಳಿಡ್ ಉಪನ್ಯಾಸಕರಾದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಪಿರ 29 ಮೇ 1921ಡ್ ಸೊಸೈಟಿ ಆಫ್ ಜೀಸಸ್ ಸೇರರೆ ನಿರ್ಣಯ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fr Jerome D'Souza: A pioneering Mangalorean Jesuit |url=https://konkancatholic.com/fr-jerome-dsouza-a-pioneering-mangalorean-jesuit/ |website=KONKANCATHOLIC.COM |language=en |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>
ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಸಂಪ್ರದಾಯೊದ ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯ ಧಾರ್ಮಿಕ ತರಬೇತಿನ್ ಪೂರೈಸಿನಾರ್. ಧರ್ಮಶಾಸ್ತ್ರದ ಅಧ್ಯಯನನ್ ಬೆಲ್ಜಿಯಂಡ್ ಫ್ರೆಂಚ್ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಪಾದ್ರಿಲೆಡ್ದ್ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್. 30 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1931ಡ್ ಎಂಘಿಯನ್, ಬೆಲ್ಜಿಯಂಡ್ ಕ್ಯಾಥೊಲಿಕ್ ಪಾದ್ರಿಯಾದ್ ಅಭಿಷೇಕ ಆಯೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jerome D'Souza |url=https://www.constitutionofindia.net/members/jerome-dsouza-2/ |website=Constitution of India |language=en-US |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref> ಅತ್ತಂದೆ [[ಮಂಗಳೂರು]] ಕ್ಯಾಥೊಲಿಕ್ ಸಮುದಾಯೊದ ಸದಸ್ಯೆಲಾ ಆಯೆರ್.
==ತಮಿಳುನಾಡುದ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣತಜ್ಞ==
1933ಡ್ ಭಾರತಕ್ಕೆ ತಿರುಗಿ ಬತ್ತಿನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ, ಆರ್ ಓದುದಿನ ಸೇಂಟ್ ಜೋಸೆಫ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ತಿರುಚಿರಾಪಳ್ಳಿಡ್ ಪ್ರಾಧ್ಯಾಪಕರಾದ್ ನೇಮಕ ಆಯೆರ್. ಆವು ಆಯಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಒಂತೆ ಸಮಯೊದ ಅ ಕಾಲೇಜ್ದ್ ರೆಕ್ಟರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಅಧ್ಯಕ್ಷರಾದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ದಿನಾರ್. ಸಮರ್ಥ ಆಡಳಿತಗಾರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪ್ರಭಾವಶಾಲಿ ಭಾಷಣಕಾರ ಆಪಿನ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜರ್, ಅದಗ ಅಪಗದ [[ಭಾರತೀಯ ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ಕಾಂಗ್ರೆಸ್]]ದ ಅಧ್ಯಕ್ಷ ಸರ್ ಸಿ. ರಾಜಗೋಪಾಲಾಚಾರಿ (ರಾಜಾಜಿ) ಯೆರ್ ಗಮನನ್ ಸೆಳೆದೆರ್. 1942ಡ್ ಅವೆರ್ನ್ ಲೊಯೊಲಾ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ಚೆನ್ನೈಗ್ (ಅದಗದ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್) ರೆಕ್ಟರ್ ಆದ್ ವರ್ಗಾವಣೆ ಆಯೆರ್. ಅನಂತರ ಕಾಲೇಜ್ದ್ ಪ್ರಾಂಶುಪಾಲರಾದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Raghavan |first=Vikram |date=26 January 2020 |title=The forgotten founders of India |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/the-forgotten-founders-of-india/articleshow/73617916.cms?from=mdr |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389 |access-date=28 February 2025}}</ref> ಆರ್ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ವಿಶ್ವವಿದ್ಯಾನಿಲಯೊದ ಕಾನೂನು ಸಂಬಂಧಿತ ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿಡ್ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಪಾತ್ರ ವಹಿಸದಿನಾರ್. ಭಾರತೊದ ಸ್ವಾತಂತ್ರ್ಯದ ಕೈತಲ್ಡ್ ದೇಶೊಗ್ ಸಂವಿಧಾನೊದ ರಚನೆ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆ ಒಂಜಿ ಸಭೆ ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಸಮಯೊಡ್, ಸಿ. ರಾಜಗೋಪಾಲಾಚಾರಿಯೆರ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜರರನ ಪುದರ್ನ್ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ವಿಧಾನಸಭೆಗ್ ಶಿಫಾರಸು ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಅಯಿಡ್ದ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ [[ದೆಹಲಿ]]ಡ್ ನಡೆತಿನ [[ಭಾರತ]]ದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆಗ್ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ವಿಧಾನಸಭೆದ ಪ್ರತಿನಿಧಿಯಾದ್ ಆಯ್ಕೆ ಆಯೆರ್.
==ಭಾರತದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆದ ಸದಸ್ಯ==
1946ದಿಂಚ 1950 ವರಗೆ ನಡೆತಿನ ಭಾರತೊದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ ರಚನಾ ಸಭೆಡ್, ಪ್ರೊಟೆಸ್ಟೆಂಟ್ ನಾಯಕ ಎಚ್. ಸಿ. ಮುಖರ್ಜಿರ್ ಒಟ್ಟುದ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜರ್ ಅಲ್ಪಸಂಖ್ಯಾತ ಸಮುದಾಯಲೆನ ಹಕ್ಕುಲೆ—ವಿಶೇಷಾದ್ ಆರಾಧನೆ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣೊದ ಹಕ್ಕುಲೆ—ಸಂವಿಧಾನದ ಮಸೂದೆಡ್ ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣಾದ್ ರಕ್ಷಣೆ ಆಪುನ ಪಾಡ್ದ್ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಪಾತ್ರ ವಹಿಸಾದೆರ್. ಧರ್ಮ ಆಚರಣೆ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಧರ್ಮ ಪ್ರಚಾರ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಹಕ್ಕು ಭಾರತೀಯ ಪೌರರೆಲ್ಲೆಗ್ ಮೂಲಭೂತ ಹಕ್ಕಾದ್ ಸೇರೆರೆನ ಆರ್ ಪ್ರಯತ್ನಿಸಾದೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-08 |title=Pride of Kanara; True Son of India, Fr Jerome D'Souza SJ |url=https://www.jaaindia.com/news/book-release-function-%E2%80%9Cpride-kanara-true-son-india-fr-jerome-d%E2%80%99souza-sj%E2%80%9D |website=[www.jaaindia.com](http://www.jaaindia.com) |language=en |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>
==ರಾಜಕಾರಣಿ ಬುಕ್ಕ ರಾಜತಾಂತ್ರಿಕ==
ದೆಹಲಿ್ಡ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜೆರ್ ಸ್ವತಂತ್ರ ಭಾರತೊದ ಮೊದಲ ಪ್ರಧಾನಿ ಜವಾಹರಲಾಲ್ ನೆಹರು ವಿಶ್ವಾಸ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಗೌರವನ್ ಸಂಪಾದಿಸಾಯೆರ್. ಶಿಕ್ಷಣಕ್ ಸಂಬಂಧಪಟ್ಟುದಿನ ವಿಷಯಲೆಡ್ ನೆಹರೂ ಅರೆನ ಸಲಹೆನ್ ಆದಗದಗ ಪಡೆಯೆರ್. ಅರೆನ ಭಾಷೊಣ ಕೌಶಲ್ಯನ್ ಲೆಕ್ಕ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ನೆಹರೂ, ಸೂಕ್ಷ್ಮ ರಾಜತಾಂತ್ರಿಕ ಮಾತುಕತೆಡ್ ಲಾ ಅರೆನ ಪಾಲುಗಾರರಾಯಿನ ನೇಮಕ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jerome D'Souza: The man who helped shape India's freedom book - Living in Faith |url=https://www.livingfaith.in/daily-reflection/jerome-dsouza-the-man-who-helped-shape-indias-freedom-book/?srsltid=AfmBOor1QRO83ZtrAMkrlEDrQnuQ6xjS_5sDJJaFD4Nhq_MDQpMRg2uS |website=[www.livingfaith.in](http://www.livingfaith.in) |language=en-US |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>
* ಭಾರತಡ್ ಬಿಷಪ್ಲೆನ ನೇಮಕ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ವಿಷಯಡ್ ಪೋರ್ಚುಗಲ್ಗ್ ಅನಗತ್ಯ ಅಧಿಕಾರ ಕೊರ್ತಿತ್ತಿನ ವ್ಯಾಟಿಕನ್ದ
ಪಾದ್ರೊವಾಡೊ ವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆನ್ ಕೊನೆಗಾಣಿಸಾವೆರೆನ ಮಾತುಕತೆಡ್ ಆರ್ ಪಾಲುಪಡುದ್ ಇತ್ತೆರ್.
* ಫ್ರಾನ್ಸ್ ಸರ್ಕಾರೊಟ್ಟುಗು ನಡೆತಿನ ಮಾತುಕತೆಲೆಡ್ ಪಾಲ್ಗೊಂಡುದೆರ್, ಚಂದನನಗರ, ಪುದುಚೇರಿ ಅಂಚಿನ ಫ್ರೆಂಚ್ ವಸಾಹತು ಪ್ರದೇಶೊಲೆ ಶಾಂತಿಯುತವಾದ್ ಭಾರತೊಗ್ ಸೇರ್ಪಡೆ ಆಪುನ ಪ್ರಕ್ರಿಯೆಗ್ ಕೊಡುಗೆ ಕೊರ್ತಿನಾರ್.
* ನಾಲ್ ಸರ್ತಿ ಭಾರತೊದ ನಿಯೋಗದ ಸದಸ್ಯರಾದ್ ವಿಶ್ವಸಂಸ್ಥೆದ ವಾರ್ಷಿಕ ಮಹಾಸಭೆಡ್ ಭಾಗವಹಿಸಿದಿನಾರ್.
* ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷ್ ಬುಡ್ದು ಫ್ರೆಂಚ್, ಸ್ಪ್ಯಾನಿಷ್, ಇಟಾಲಿಯನ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಜರ್ಮನ್ ಭಾಷೆಲೆಡ್ ಪಾಂಡಿತ್ಯ ಇತ್ತಿನ ಕಾರಣೊಡ್ದು, ಜಗತ್ತುದ ಹಲವಾರು ದೇಶಲೆಡ್ ಭಾರತೀಯ ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತಿ, ಇತಿಹಾಸ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ರಾಜಕೀಯದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಉಪನ್ಯಾಸ ಕೊರಿಯೆರೆಗ್ ಅವೆರ್ನ್ ಆಹ್ವಾನಿಸಾವೊಂದುನಿನಾರ್.
==ಇಂಡಿಯನ್ ಸೋಶಿಯಲ್ ಇನ್ಸ್ಟಿಟ್ಯೂಟ್==
'''ಸೊಸೈಟಿ ಆಫ್ ಜೀಸಸ್ದ''' ಸುಪೀರಿಯರ್ ಜನರಲ್ದ ವಿನಂತಿದ ಮೇರೆಗ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೂಜರ್ ಪುಣೆಡ್ ಭಾರತೀಯ ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆನ್ ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್. (ಇತ್ತೆ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆ [[ನವದೆಹಲಿ]]ಡ್ ಉಂಡು.) 1951ಡ್ ''ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಕ್ರಿಯೆ'' ಪುದರ್ದ ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಶೈಕ್ಷಣಿಕ ನಿಯತಕಾಲಿಕನ್ ಆರಂಬ ಮಲ್ಪಿನಾರ್. ಅ ಪತ್ರಿಕೆ ಇಂದ್ ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಶೈಕ್ಷಣಿಕ ವಲಯೊಡ್ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧಿ ಪಡ್ದುಂಡು. 1951ದಿಂಚ 1956 ಮುಟ್ಟ ಅರ್ ಅ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆದ ಸುರುತ ನಿರ್ದೇಶಕರಾದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. 1957ಡ್ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಸಂಘದ ಸುಪೀರಿಯರ್ ಜನರಲ್ '''ಜೀನ್-ಬ್ಯಾಪ್ಟಿಸ್ಟ್ ಜಾನ್ಸೆನ್ಸ್''' ರೆರ್ ಭಾರತೀಯ ಬೊಕ್ಕ [[ಏಷ್ಯಾ]]ದ ವಿಷಯಲೆಗ್ ಸಹಾಯಕ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಸಲಹೆಗಾರರಾದ್ ಅರೆನ ನೇಮಕ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. 1968ಡ್ ಭಾರತೊಗ್ ತಿರುಗಿ ಬತ್ತಿನ ಪಿರ, ಲೇಖನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪುಸ್ತಕಲೆ ಬರೆಯೆರೆಡ್, ಉಪನ್ಯಾಸ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪಾಠ ಮಲ್ಪೆರೆಡ್ ಅರೆನ ಅಕೇರಿದ ವರ್ಷಲೆನು ಕಳೆತೆರ್. 1977ಡ್ ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ಡ್ ನಿಧನ ಆಯೇರ್. ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜರ್ ಅರೆನ ಕಾಲೊದ ಅತ್ಯಂತ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧ ಜೆಸುಯಿಟ್ ಪಾದ್ರಿಲೆಡ್ದ್ ಒಂಜಿ ಆದ್ ಪರಿಗಣನೆ ಆತೇರ್. [[ಚೆನ್ನೈ]]ದ ಲೊಯೊಲಾ ಕಾಲೇಜು, [[ಚೆನ್ನೈ]] ಆವರಣೊದ ''ಕ್ರೈಸ್ಟ್ ದ ಕಿಂಗ್ ಚರ್ಚ್''ಡ್ ಉಂಡು ಅರೆನ ಸಮಾಧಿಗ್ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಜನ ಗೌರವ ಸಲ್ಲಾವೆರೆಗ್ ಬರ್ಪೆರ್.
==ಗೌರವ==
[[File:Jerome D'Souza 1997 stamp of India.jpg|thumb|upright=1.1|1997ಡ್ ಭಾರತ ಸರ್ಕಾರ ಬಿಡುಗಡೆ ಮಲ್ಪಿನ ಅಂಚೆ ಚೀಟಿಡ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜ]]
1997ಡ್ ಜೆರೋಮ್ ಡಿ'ಸೋಜರ್ ಜನ್ಮ ಶತಮಾನೋತ್ಸವದ ಪ್ರಯುಕ್ತ ಭಾರತ ಸರ್ಕಾರ ಸ್ಮಾರಕ ಅಂಚೆ ಚೀಟಿನ್ ಬಿಡುಗಡೆ ಮಲ್ಪುಂಡು.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jerome D'Souza, SJ |url=https://www.manresa-sj.org/stamps/1_DSouza.htm |website=[www.manresa-sj.org](http://www.manresa-sj.org) |access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>
==ಕೃತಿಲು==
* ''Sardar Panikkar and the Christian Missions'', ತಿರುಚಿ, 1957.
* ''The Church and Civilization'', Garden City, 1967.
* ''Speeches and Writings'', ಮದ್ರಾಸ್, 1972.
==ಉಲ್ಲೇಕೊಲು==
{{reflist}}
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{{ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ 10ನೇ ವರ್ಸಂತಿಗೆ ಪಂತೊದ ಲೇಕನೊ}}
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ರವಿವರ್ಮ ನರಸಿಂಹ ಡೊಂಬ ಹೆಗ್ಗಡೆ
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ಹೊಸ ಪುಟ: '''ರವಿವರ್ಮ ನರಸಿಂಹ ಡೊಂಬ ಹೆಗ್ಗಡೆ''' (ನಿಧನ: 1800) ಮೇರ್ ವಿಟ್ಲೊದ ಅರಸಾಂಚೆ ಅರಸು ಆತಿನಾರ್. ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷ್ ವಸಾಹತು ಆಳ್ವೆದ ವಿರುದ್ಧ ಇತ್ತಿನ ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಕನ್ನಡ ಪ್ರದೇಶೊದ ಪ್ರತಿರೋಧದ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ನಾಯಕೆರೆಡ್ ಒರಿ.<ref>N. Shyam Bhat, ''South K...
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'''ರವಿವರ್ಮ ನರಸಿಂಹ ಡೊಂಬ ಹೆಗ್ಗಡೆ''' (ನಿಧನ: 1800) ಮೇರ್ ವಿಟ್ಲೊದ ಅರಸಾಂಚೆ ಅರಸು ಆತಿನಾರ್. ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷ್ ವಸಾಹತು ಆಳ್ವೆದ ವಿರುದ್ಧ ಇತ್ತಿನ ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಕನ್ನಡ ಪ್ರದೇಶೊದ ಪ್ರತಿರೋಧದ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ನಾಯಕೆರೆಡ್ ಒರಿ.<ref>N. Shyam Bhat, ''South Kanara, 1799–1860: A Study in Colonial Administration and Regional Response'', Mittal Publications, 1998.</ref>
== ಆರಂಭಿಕ ಜೀವನ ==
ರವಿವರ್ಮ ಡೊಂಬ ಹೆಗ್ಗಡೆ ವಂಶೊದ ರಾಜಮನೆತನದ ಕುಟುಂಬೊದಾರ್. ಈ ವಂಶೊ ಬಂಟ್ ಸಮುದಾಯದ ಮಾತೃವಂಶೀಯ (ಅಳಿಯಸಂತಾನ) ಪರಂಪರೆ ಪಾಡ್ದ್ ರಾಜ್ಯ ಆಳ್ತೊಂದು ಬತ್ತಿನಾರ್.<ref>P. Gururaja Bhat, ''Studies in Tuluva History and Culture'', 1975.</ref> ಮೇರ್ ಅರೆನ ಮಾಮು ಅಚ್ಯುತ ಡೊಂಬ ಹೆಗ್ಗಡೆನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ವಿಟ್ಲ ಅರಸಾಂಚೆ ಅರಸುದ ಪಟ್ಟದಾರ್. ಅಳಿಯಸಂತಾನ ಪದ್ಧತಿದ ಪ್ರಕಾರ ರಾಜ್ಯಾಧಿಕಾರ ಮೆರೆಗ್ ವರ್ಗಾಯಿತ್ತಾತುಂಡು.
== ಹೈದರ್ ಅಲಿನ ದಂಡಯಾತ್ರೆ ==
ಅಚ್ಯುತ ಡೊಂಬ ಹೆಗ್ಗಡೆ ಮೈಸೂರು ಅರಸು ಹೈದರ್ ಅಲಿನ ದಂಡಯಾತ್ರೆದ ಕಾಲೊಡ್ ಬಂಧನ ಆಪೇರ್. ಆ ಕಾಲೊಡ್ ರಾಜಮನೆತನದ ಸದಸ್ಯೆರ್ ಇತ್ತೆದ ಕೇರಳೊದ ತಲಶ್ಶೇರಿಗ್ ಪೊಯಿನ ಕಾರಣ ಬದುಕುದು ಒರಿಯೆರ್.
== ವಿಟ್ಲ ರಾಜ್ಯೊದ ಪುನಃ ಸ್ವಾಧೀನ ==
ಕೆಲ ವರ್ಷೊಗ್ ಪಿರ ರವಿವರ್ಮ ವಿಟ್ಲ ರಾಜ್ಯ ಮರಳಿ ಪಡೆಯರೆ ಸೈನಿಕೊನೊಟ್ಟುಗು ದಂಡಯಾತ್ರೆ ಮಲ್ಪುವೆರ್. ಈ ಯುದ್ಧೊಡ್ ನೀಲೇಶ್ವರದ ಅರಸು ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷರೆರ್ ಸಹಾಯ ಮಲ್ಪೆರ್.
== ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷರ ವಿರುದ್ಧದ ಬಂಡಾಯ ==
ಪಿರ ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷರೆರ್ ಡೊಂಬ ಹೆಗ್ಗಡೆ ವಂಶದ ಪ್ರಭಾವ ಕಡಿಮೆ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಪ್ರಯತ್ನ ಮಲ್ಪುನಗ, ರವಿವರ್ಮ ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷರ ವಿರುದ್ಧ ಬಹಿರಂಗ ಬಂಡಾಯ ಮಲ್ಪುವೆರ್. ಈ ಬಂಡಾಯೊಡ್ ಕುಂಬಳೆ ಅರಸು ಬೊಕ್ಕ ನೀಲೇಶ್ವರ ಅರಸುಲೆಗ್ ಸೇರಿನ ಒಟ್ಟು ಹೋರಾಟ ಮಲ್ಪೆರ್. ಆಂಡಾ ಈ ಪ್ರತಿರೋಧ ವಿಫಲ ಆಂಡ್.
== ನಿಧನ ==
ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷರೆನ ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಕನ್ನಡೊದ ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣ ನಿಯಂತ್ರಣ ಪಡೆಯಿನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪಿರ, 22 ಆಗಸ್ಟ್ 1800ಡ್ ರವಿವರ್ಮನೊಟ್ಟುಗ್ ಡೊಂಬ ಹೆಗ್ಗಡೆ ವಂಶೊದ ಒರುಂಬ ಸದಸ್ಯೆರೆನ್ ಗಲ್ಲಿಗೇರಿಸೆರ್.<ref>N. Shyam Bhat, ''South Kanara, 1799–1860: A Study in Colonial Administration and Regional Response'', p.75.</ref>
== ಉಲ್ಲೇಕೊಲು ==
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[[ಫೈಲ್:Sweet_boli_packet.jpg|thumb|Sweet boli packet]]
ಟ್ರಿಏಂಡ್ರಮ್ ಬೋಲಿ ಅತ್ತ್ಂಡ ತಿರುವನಂತಪುರಂ ಬೋಳಿ (/ˈtɹɪvəndrəm ˈboʊli/ ಮಲಯಾಳಂ ಉಚ್ಚಾರಣೆ: [t̪iruʋɐnɐn̪d̪ɾɯm ˈboːɭi]) ಭಾರತದ ಕೇರಳದ ರಾಜಧಾನಿ ಟ್ರಿಏಂಡ್ರಮ್ಗ್ ಸಂಬಂಧ ಪಟ್ಟಿನ ಒಂಜಿ ಸಿಹಿ ಫ್ಲಾಟ್ ಬ್ರೆಡ್. ಉಂದು ಒಂಜಿ ತೆಲ್ತ್, ತುಂಬಿದ ಪ್ಯಾನ್ಕೇಕ್, ಸಿಹಿ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಚಾನ ದಾಲ್ (ಸ್ಪ್ಲಿಟ್ ಗ್ರಾಮ್) ತುಂಬುದು, ಏಲಕ್ಕಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಒಂಜಿ ಎಲ್ಯ ಜಾಯಿಕಾಯಿದ ರುಚಿನ್ ಪಾಡ್ದ್, ಓಣಂ ಸದ್ಯೊಗು ಬೊಕ್ಕ ನಗರೊಡು ಮದಿಮೆದ ಪರ್ಬೊಲೆಗ್ ನಿಕಟವಾದ್ ಬಂಧನೊಡು ಉಪ್ಪುಂಡು.<ref>https://www.timesnownews.com/lifestyle/food/news/the-history-of-boli-in-thiruvananthapuram-and-what-makes-it-so-popular-article-109399331</ref>
== ಮೂಲೊಲು ==
ತಿರುವನಂತಪುರೊಗು ಕರ್ನಾಟಕಡ್ದ್ ಅಲ್ಪ ನಿಲೆ ಆಯಿನ ತುಳು ಬ್ರಾಣ ಕುಟುಮೊಲು ಈ ಅಡಿಗೆನ್ ಕನತ್ದ್ ಬೈದೆರ್ ಪನ್ಪಿನ ಅಭಿಪ್ರಾಯ ಉಂಡು. ದುಂಬುದ ಟ್ರಾವಂಕೂರು ರಾಜ್ಯೊದ ಮರಾಠಾ ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಣ ದೇವಾನೆರೆನ ಮೆಚ್ಚಿಕೆನ್ ತೂಯೆರ್, ಅಕುಲು ಉಂದೆನ್ ಅಕ್ಲೆನ ಆಚರಣೆಲೆನ ಭಾಗವಾದ್ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್, ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಕಾಲ ಕರಿಲೆಕನೆ ಉಂದು ನಗರೊಡು ಮದಿಮೆದ ಪರ್ಬೊಲೆನ ಒಂಜಿ ಫಿಕ್ಸ್ಚರ್ ಆಂಡ್.ಬೋಳಿ [[ಮಹಾರಾಷ್ಟ್ರ]]ದ ಪುರಾಣ ಪೊಲಿನ್ ಹೋಲುಂಡು; ಮುಖ್ಯ ವ್ಯತ್ಯಾಸ ಪಂಡ ಪುರಾನ್ ಪೊಲಿನ್ ಬೆಲ್ಲೊಡು ಸಿಹಿ ಮಲ್ಪುವೆರ್, ಆಂಡ ತಿರುವನಂತಪುರಂ ಆವೃತ್ತಿನ್ ಸಕ್ಕರೆಡ್ ಮಲ್ಪುವೆರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಜಾಯಿಕಾಯಿದ ಸ್ಪರ್ಶೊಡು ಮುಗಿಪೆರ್.<ref>https://mariasmenu.com/desserts/boli</ref>
== ಅಟ್ಟಣೆ ==
ಶುದ್ಧೀಕರಣ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಗೋಧಿ ಹಿಟ್ಟುದ ಮೃದುವಾದ್ ಹಿಟ್ಟುನ್ ಒಂತೆ ಎಳ್ಳು ಎಣ್ಣೆ ಪಾಡ್ದ್ ಕಲ್ಪಪ್ಪುವೆರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ವಿಶ್ರಾಂತಿಗ್ ಬುಡ್ಪೆರ್. ಚನಾ ದಾಲ್ ನ್ ಮೃದು ಆಯಿನ ಮುಟ್ಟ ಬೇಯಿಪಾದ್, ನೀರ್ ದೆತ್ತ್ ದ್, ಸಕ್ಕರೆ, ಏಲಕ್ಕಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಜಾಯಿಕಾಯಿ ಪಾಡ್ದ್ ಮೃದುವಾದ್ ಪುಡಿ ಮಲ್ತ್ ದ್ ತುಂಬುನವು ಮಲ್ಪುವೆರ್.ಫಿಲ್ಲಿಂಗ್ ದ ಒಂಜಿ ಭಾಗೊನು ಒಂಜಿ ಹಿಟ್ಟುದ ಚೆಂಡೆಡ್ ಸುತ್ತುವರಿದ್, ಹಿಟ್ಟು ಪಾಡ್ದಿನ ಮೇಲ್ಮೈಡ್ ಸಾಧ್ಯ ಆಯಿನಾತ್ ತೆಳುವಾದ್ ರೋಲ್ ಮಲ್ಪುವೆರ್, ಬೊಕ್ಕ ತುಪ್ಪೊಡು ಬಿಸಿ ತವಾಡ್ ಉಬ್ಬುದು ಬರ್ಪುನ ಮುಟ್ಟ ಬಣ್ಣ ಬರ್ಪುನ ಮುಟ್ಟ ಬೇಯಿಪಾವೆರ್.ಈ ಪ್ರಕ್ರಿಯೆ ನಿಧಾನವಾದುಂಡು, ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಇಲ್ಲಡ್ ಬೋಲಿನ್ ಇಲ್ಲಡ್ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಬದಲ್ ರೆಡಿಮೇಡ್ ಮಲ್ತ್ ದ್ ಕೊಂಡೊಂತೆರ್.<ref>https://www.onmanorama.com/food/recipe/2023/08/13/boli-flatbread-with-paalada-pradhaman-paayasam-onam-sadya.html</ref>
== ಆಚರಣೆಡ್ ಬೋಳಿ ಅಡುಗೆ ==
[[ಫೈಲ್:Indian_Sweet_flatbread.jpg|thumb|Indian Sweet flatbread / Obbattu]]
ಬೋಳಿ ದಕ್ಷಿಣ [[ಕೇರಳ]]ದ [[ತಿರುವನಂತಪುರಮ್|ತಿರುವನಂತಪುರ]] ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಕೊಲ್ಲಂ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆಲೆಡ್ ಸದ್ಯದ ಅಗತ್ಯ ವಸ್ತು. ಉಂದೆನ್ ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯವಾದ್ ಒಂಜಿ ಚಮಚ ಬಿಸಿ ಪಾಯಸೊನು ಪಾಡ್ದ್ ಪರ್ಪೆರ್, ಕೆಲವೊಂಜಿ ಸರ್ತಿ ಪೇರ್ದ ಪಾಯಸ ಅತ್ತ್ಂಡ ಪಾಲಡ ಪಾಯಸ, ಉಂದು ಫ್ಲಾಟ್ ಬ್ರೆಡ್ ನ್ ಮೃದು ಮಲ್ಪುಂಡು ಬೊಕ್ಕ ತೆಳು ಪೇರ್ದ ಪುಡಿಂಗ್ ಗ್ ಅಯಿತ ಸಿಹಿನ್ ದೀಪುಂಡು.ಕರ್ನಾಟಕಡ್ ಉಂದೆನ್ ಹೋಳಿಗೆಂದ್ಲಾ ಲೆಪ್ಪುವೆರ್.<ref>https://www.babsprojects.com/holige-mangalorean-kadlebele-holige-recipe/</ref>
== ಉಲ್ಲೇಕೊ ==
<nowiki>[[ವರ್ಗ:Kerala Culture Month 2026]]</nowiki>
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ಹೊಸ ಪುಟ: {{Infobox person | name = ವಿಠ್ಠಲ್ ಮಲ್ಯ | birth_date = 8 ಫೆಬ್ರವರಿ 1924 | birth_place = [[ಬಂಟ್ವಾಳ]], [[ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಕನ್ನಡ]], ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ಪ್ರೆಸಿಡೆನ್ಸಿ, ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷ್ ಭಾರತ<br>(ಈಗೊ [[ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಕನ್ನಡ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆ]], [[ಕರ್ನಾಟಕ]], ಭಾರತ) | death_date = {{Death date and a...
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{{Infobox person
| name = ವಿಠ್ಠಲ್ ಮಲ್ಯ
| birth_date = 8 ಫೆಬ್ರವರಿ 1924
| birth_place = [[ಬಂಟ್ವಾಳ]], [[ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಕನ್ನಡ]], ಮದ್ರಾಸ್ ಪ್ರೆಸಿಡೆನ್ಸಿ, ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷ್ ಭಾರತ<br>(ಈಗೊ [[ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಕನ್ನಡ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆ]], [[ಕರ್ನಾಟಕ]], ಭಾರತ)
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=y|1983|10|13|1924|02|08}}
| death_place = ತಾಜ್ ಮಹಲ್ ಪ್ಯಾಲೆಸ್ ಹೊಟೇಲ್, ಮುಂಬೈ, [[ಮಹಾರಾಷ್ಟ್ರ]], ಭಾರತ
| education = ದಿ ಡೂನ್ ಸ್ಕೂಲ್<br>ಪ್ರೆಸಿಡೆನ್ಸಿ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ಕೊಲ್ಕತ್ತಾ
| occupation = ಉದ್ಯಮಿ
| years_active = 1947–1983
| organization = ಯುನೈಟೆಡ್ ಬ್ರೂವರೀಸ್ ಗ್ರೂಪ್
| known_for = ಮದ್ಯ ಉದ್ಯಮದ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿ
| boards = ಯುನೈಟೆಡ್ ಬ್ರೂವರೀಸ್ ಗ್ರೂಪ್<br>ಮೈಸೂರು ಎಲೆಕ್ಟ್ರೋ-ಕೆಮಿಕಲ್ ವರ್ಕ್ಸ್<br>ಕಿಸ್ಸಾನ್ ಪ್ರಾಡಕ್ಟ್ಸ್<br>ಹಿಂದುಸ್ತಾನ್ ಕೋಕೋ ಪ್ರಾಡಕ್ಟ್ಸ್<br>ಇಂಡಿಯನ್ ಸೀವಿಂಗ್ ಮಷೀನ್ಸ್ ಕಂಪನಿ<br>ಹೋಕ್ಸ್ಟ್ ಎಜಿ<br>ಇಸ್ಮಾಕೊ<br>ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷ್ ಪೇಂಟ್ಸ್<br>ಕ್ಯಾಡ್ಬರಿ ಇಂಡಿಯಾ<br>ಹಿಂದುಸ್ತಾನ್ ಪಾಲಿಮರ್ಸ್<br>ಬುಶ್ ಬೋಕ್ ಅಲೆನ್
| children = ವಿಜಯ್ ಮಲ್ಯ
| relatives = ಸಿದ್ಧಾರ್ಥ್ ಮಲ್ಯ (ಮೊಮ್ಮಗ)
}}
'''ವಿಠ್ಠಲ್ ಮಲ್ಯ''' (8 ಫೆಬ್ರವರಿ 1924 – 13 ಅಕ್ಟೋಬರ್ 1983) ಭಾರತದ ಒಂಜಿ ಉದ್ಯಮಿಯಾದ್ ಇತ್ತಿನಾರ್. ಭಾರತೊದ ಯುನೈಟೆಡ್ ಬ್ರೂವರೀಸ್ ಗ್ರೂಪ್ದ ಮಾಜಿ ಅಧ್ಯಕ್ಷರಾದ್ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧರ್. ವಿಜಯ್ ಮಲ್ಯೊ ಅರೆನ ಮಗೆ.
==ಸುರುತ ಜೀವನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ವಿದ್ಯಾಭ್ಯಾಸ==
ವಿಠ್ಠಲ್ ಮಲ್ಯ 1924ದ ಫೆಬ್ರವರಿ 8ಡ್ ಪುಟ್ಟಿಯೆರ್. ಲೆಫ್ಟಿನೆಂಟ್ ಕರ್ನಲ್ ಬಂಟ್ವಾಳ ಗಣಪತಿ ಮಲ್ಯ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ದೇವಿ ಮಲ್ಯರ ಮೂಜಿ ಜೋಕುಲೆಡ ಕಡೆತಾರ್. ಆರ್ ಗೌಡ ಸಾರಸ್ವತ ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಣ ಸಮುದಾಯದ ಮಾಧ್ವ ಸಂಪ್ರದಾಯೊದ ಕುಟುಂಬೊದರ್.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/bengaluru/2016/dec/14/the-beautiful-in-a-city-gone-askew-1548639.html|title=The beautiful in a city gone askew|work=The New Indian Express|access-date=14 December 2016}}</ref> ಕುಟುಂಬೊ ಮೂಲತಃ [[ಮಂಗಳೂರು]]ದ ಸಮೀಪದ [[ಬಂಟ್ವಾಳ]]ದವೆರಾದ್ ಇತ್ತೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web |first=Bhupesh |last=Bhandari |url=http://www.rediff.com/money/2005/apr/08mallya.htm |title=Vijay Mallya: Mr High Spirits |work=Rediff.com |date=8 April 2005 |access-date=17 March 2016}}</ref>
ಬಾಲ್ಯೊದ ಕಾಲೊಡ್ ಅರ್ ಭಾರತದ ಅವೆತೊ ಸೈನಿಕ ಶಿಬಿರೊ ಪಟ್ಟಣೊಲೆಡ್ ಜೀವನ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಕಾರಣೊಡು, ಭಾರತೊದ ಪಲ ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತಿಲೆನ ಅನುಭವ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಸುಮಾರು 12 ವರ್ಷೊದ ಪಿರಾವು, ಅರೆನ ಅಮ್ಮೆರ್ನ ಸೈನಿಕ ಹುದ್ದೆ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಐಶ್ವರ್ಯೊದ ಮೂಲಕ ದಿ ಡೂನ್ ಸ್ಕೂಲ್ಡ್ ಸೇರ್ಯೆರ್. ಶಾಲೆಡ್ ವಿಠ್ಠಲ ಮಲ್ಯ ಬುದ್ಧಿವಂತ ವಿದ್ಯಾರ್ಥಿಯಾದ್ ಮಿಂಚಿನಾರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಉತ್ತಮ ಸಾಧನೆಗಾದ್ ಅವೆತೊ ಸಲ ಡಬಲ್ ಪ್ರೊಮೋಷನ್ ಪಡದಿನಾರ್.
ಶಾಲೆ ಮುಗಿತ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ, ಅರ್ ಪ್ರೆಸಿಡೆನ್ಸಿ ಕಾಲೇಜು, ಕೊಲ್ಕತ್ತಾಡ್ ಉನ್ನತ ವಿದ್ಯಾಭ್ಯಾಸಗ್ ಸೇರಾಯೆರ್. ಆ ಸಮಯೊಡ್ ಅರೆನ ಅಮ್ಮೆರ್ ಕೊಲ್ಕತ್ತಾಡ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ತೊಂಡಿತ್ತಿನ ಕಾರಣೊಡು ಈ ಕಾಲೇಜುದ ಆಯ್ಕೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಪದವಿ ಮುಗಿಸಾಯಿನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ, ಅರೆರ್ ರಡ್ಡ್ ವರ್ಷಲೆನ ಮೀರಿನ ಅವಧಿಗ್ ಯೂರೋಪ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಬೇತೆ ದೇಶೊಲೆಗ್ ಪ್ರಯಾಣ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಈ ಪ್ರಯಾಣೊದ ಮುಖ್ಯ ಕಾರಣ ಅರೆನ ಅಮ್ಮೆರ್—ಇಂಗ್ಲೆಂಡ್ಡ್ ಕಲಿತ್ತಿನ ಒಂಜಿ ಆಂಗ್ಲಾಭಿಮಾನಿ—ಮಗಗ್ ಯೂರೋಪ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ವಿಶ್ವೊದ ಅನುಭವ ಕೊಡ್ಪುನ ಬಯಕೆ, ಬೊಕ್ಕ ವಿಠ್ಠಲ್ ಮಲ್ಯಗ್ ಪುಸ್ತಕೊದ ವಿದ್ಯೆಡ್ದು ನೇರ ಅನುಭವ ಜಾಸ್ತಿ ಮಹತ್ವ ಉಂಡು ಪಂದ್ ನಂಬಿಕೆ ಇತ್ತುಂಡು. ಈ ಪ್ರಯಾಣೊದ ಸಮಯೊಡ್ ಅರ್ ಸ್ಪ್ಯಾನಿಷ್ ಭಾಷೆನೂ ಲಾ ಕಲ್ತೆರ್.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://theubgroup.com/group_information.aspx|title=UB Group|website=UB Group (official website)|access-date=17 March 2016|archive-date=6 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131206135034/http://theubgroup.com/group_information.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref>
== ಉದ್ಯಮೊದ ಜೀವನ ==
1946–47ಡ್ ವಿಠ್ಠಲ್ ಮಲ್ಯ ಯುನೈಟೆಡ್ ಬ್ರೂವರೀಸ್ ಲಿಮಿಟೆಡ್ದ ಷೇರುಲೆನ ಕೊರ್ಪುನೆ ಪ್ರಾರಂಭ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/19820731-vittal-mallya-the-industrialist-with-the-midas-touch-772013-2013-10-09 |title=Vittal Mallya: The industrialist with the Midas touch |website=India Today |date=9 October 2013 |access-date=17 March 2016}}</ref> 1947ಡ್ ಅರ್ ಯುನೈಟೆಡ್ ಬ್ರೂವರೀಸ್ ಗ್ರೂಪ್ದ ಪ್ರಥಮ ಭಾರತೀಯ ನಿರ್ದೇಶಕೆರಾದ್ ಆಯ್ಕೆ ಆಯೆರ್. ಒಂಜಿ ವರ್ಷೊದ ಬೊಕ್ಕ, ಆರ್. ಜಿ. ಎನ್. ಪ್ರೈಸ್ನ ಬದಲಾದ್ ಕಂಪೆನಿದ ಅಧ್ಯಕ್ಷೆರಾದ್ ಜವಾಬ್ದಾರಿ ವಹಿಸಾಯೆರ್. 1951ಡ್ ಅರೆರ್ ಮ್ಯಾಕ್ಡೋವೆಲ್ ಆಂಡ್ ಕಂಪೆನಿ ಲಿಮಿಟೆಡ್ನ ಸ್ವಾಧೀನ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. 1952ಡ್ [[ಬೆಂಗಳೂರು]]ಗ್ ಬರ್ಪಿನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ, ಎಲ್ಯ ಎಲ್ಯ ಬ್ರೂವರೀಸ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಡಿಸ್ಟಿಲರಿಲೆನ ಕೊರ್ಪುನ ಕಾರ್ಯೊ ಕ್ರಮಬದ್ಧವಾದ್ ಮುಂದುವರೆಸಾಯೆರ್. ಪೊಸ ಬ್ರೂವರೀಸ್ [[ಕೇರಳ]]ದ ಚೇರ್ತಲ, [[ಆಂಧ್ರ ಪ್ರದೇಶ]]ದ ಹೈದರಾಬಾದ್, [[ಗೋವಾ]]ದ ಪೊಂಡಾ ಬೊಕ್ಕ [[ಬಿಹಾರ]]ದ ಹತಿದಾಹಡ್ ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ ಆಂಡ್. 1960ರ ದಶಕೊದ ಆರಂಭೊಡ್ ಕೊಲ್ಕತ್ತಾಡ್ ಇತ್ತೆರ್, ಆರ್ ಕೇರ್ಯೂ ಆಂಡ್ ಕಂಪೆನಿ ಲಿಮಿಟೆಡ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಫಿಪ್ಸನ್ ಆಂಡ್ ಕಂಪೆನಿ ಲಿಮಿಟೆಡ್ನ ಸ್ವಾಧೀನ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಮೂಲಕ ಮದ್ಯ ವಿತರಣಾ ಕ್ಷೇತ್ರಡ್ ನನಲ ಜಾಸ್ತಿ ಹಿಡಿತ ಸಾಧಿಸಾಯೆರ್. 1970ರ ದಶಕೊದ ಆರಂಭೊಡ್ ಹರ್ಬರ್ಟ್ಸನ್ಸ್ ಲಿಮಿಟೆಡ್ನೂ ಸ್ವಾಧೀನ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಉಂದೇ ಅವಧಿಡ್ ಜರ್ಮನಿದ ಹೋಕ್ಸ್ಟ್ ಎಜಿ ಜೊತೆ ಪಾಲುದಾರಿಕೆ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಮೂಲಕ ಹೋಯ್ಸ್ಟ್ ಫಾರ್ಮಾಸ್ಯುಟಿಕಲ್ಸ್ ಲಿಮಿಟೆಡ್ (ಇತ್ತೆದ ಅವೆಂಟಿಸ್ ಫಾರ್ಮಾ) ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆಡ್ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಪಾತ್ರ ವಹಿಸಾಯೆರ್.
ಆಹಾರ ಉತ್ಪನ್ನೊದ ಕ್ಷೇತ್ರಗ್ ಪ್ರವೇಶ 1950ಡ್ ಕಿಸ್ಸಾನ್ ಪ್ರಾಡಕ್ಟ್ಸ್ನ ಸ್ವಾಧೀನ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಮೂಲಕ ಆರಂಭ ಆಂಡ್. ಹರ್ಬರ್ಟ್ಸನ್ಸ್ ಸ್ವಾಧೀನ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ, ಅರೆನ ಡಿಪಿಸ್ ವಿಭಾಗೊನೂ ಪಡೆಯೆರ್. ಉಂದೆಡ್ದ್ ಸಂಸ್ಕರಿತ ಆಹಾರೊ ಉತ್ಪನ್ನೊಲೆಡ್ ಅರೆನ ಪ್ರಭಾವ ಗಣನೀಯವಾದ್ ಜಾಸ್ತಿ ಆಂಡ್. 1977ಡ್ ಸರ್ಕಾರದ ಮದ್ಯನಿಷೇಧ ನೀತಿ ಬ್ರೂವರೀಸ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಡಿಸ್ಟಿಲರಿಲೆಗ್ ತೊಂದರೆ ಆಂಡಲಾ, ವಿಠ್ಠಲ್ ಮಲ್ಯ ಭವಿಷ್ಯೊದ ದೃಷ್ಟಿನ್ ತೋರಿಸಾಯೆರ್. ಪ್ರೀಮಿಯರ್, ಜ್ಯುಪಿಟರ್, ಪಂಜಾಬ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಇಂಡೋ-ಲೋವೆನ್ಬ್ರೌ ಬ್ರೂವರೀಸ್, ಉದಯಪುರ, ಅಲ್ವಾರ್, ಮಿರ್ಗಂಜ್, ಸೆರಾಂಪೂರ್ದ ಡಿಸ್ಟಿಲರಿಲೆನ ಸ್ವಾಧೀನ ಮಲ್ತಾಯೆರ್. ಅಂಚನೆ ಪುದುಚೇರಿಡ್ ಹೊಸ ಘಟಕ ಸ್ಥಾಪಿಸಾಯೆರ್. ಈ ಕ್ರಮೊದ ಫಲಿತಾಂಶಾದ್, ಅರೆನ ಮೋಹನ್ ಮೀಕಿನ್ನ ಮೀರ್ದ್ ಭಾರತೊದ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಬಿಯರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಮದ್ಯ ಉದ್ಯಮಿಯಾದ್ ಗುರುತಾಯೆರ್. ಆರ್ ಜಮ್ಮು ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಕಾಶ್ಮೀರ ಸರ್ಕಾರಡ್ದ್ ರಡ್ಡ್ ಏಕರೆ ಜಾಗೆ ಬಾಡಿಗೆನ್ ಪಡೆದು ಹಾಪ್ಸ್ ಸಸಿಲೆನ ಬೆಳೆಸುನ ನರ್ಸರಿ ಸ್ಥಾಪಿಸಾಯೆರ್. ಆ ಸಸಿಲೆನ ಕಾಶ್ಮೀರದ ರೈತರೆಗ್ ಕೊರ್ದು, ಉತ್ಪಾದನೆ ಪೂರ್ತಿ ತಾನೇ ಕೊರ್ಪುನ ಮೂಲಕ ಬಿಯರ್ ತಯಾರಿಕೆಗ್ ಅಗತ್ಯವಾಯಿನ ಹಾಪ್ಸ್ ಉತ್ಪಾದನೆಡ್ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ನಿಯಂತ್ರಣ ಸಾಧಿಸಾಯೆರ್. ಹೋಕ್ಸ್ಟ್ ಎಜಿದ ಸಹಕಾರೊಡನೆ ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷ್ ಪೇಂಟ್ಸ್ನ ಅಧ್ಯಕ್ಷೆರಾದ್ ಆಯೆರ್. ಕಿಸ್ಸಾನ್ ಪ್ರಾಡಕ್ಟ್ಸ್ನ ಅಂತರರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ಪಾಲುದಾರ '''ಕ್ಯಾಡ್ಬರಿ ಷ್ವೆಪ್ಸ್''' ಮೂಲಕ ಕ್ಯಾಡ್ಬರಿ ಇಂಡಿಯಾದ ನಿರ್ದೇಶಕ ಮಂಡಳಿಗ್ ಸೇರ್ದ್, ಕೆಲವು ವರ್ಷೊ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಅಧ್ಯಕ್ಷೆರಾದ್ ಇತ್ತೆರ್. ಬಹುರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ಕಂಪೆನಿಲೆಡ್ ಹೂಡಿಕೆ ಕಡಿಮೆ ಮಲ್ತಿತ್ತಿನ ಸಮಯೊಡ್ ಇಂಡಿಯನ್ ಸೀವಿಂಗ್ ಮಷೀನ್ ಕಂಪೆನಿ, ಮಲಯಾಳಂ ಪ್ಲಾಂಟೇಷನ್ಸ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಬುಶ್ ಬೋಕ್ ಅಲೆನ್ಡ್ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಹುದ್ದೆಲೆನ್ ವಹಿಸಾಯೆರ್. ಅರೆನ ಬಾಕಿದ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಸ್ವಾಧೀನೊಲೆಡ್ ಶ್ರೀರಾಮ್ ಗ್ರೂಪ್ಡ್ದ್ ಹಿಂದೂಸ್ತಾನ್ ಪಾಲಿಮರ್ಸ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಮೈಸೂರು ಎಲೆಕ್ಟ್ರೋ-ಕೆಮಿಕಲ್ ವರ್ಕ್ಸ್ (MEC ಬ್ಯಾಟರಿಲೆನ ತಯಾರಿಕೆ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆ) ಸೇರುದುಂಡು. 1981ಡ್ ವಿಠ್ಠಲ್ ಮಲ್ಯ 10 ಬ್ರೂವರೀಸ್, 14 ಡಿಸ್ಟಿಲರೀಸ್, ಏಲ್ ಸಂಸ್ಕರಿತ ಆಹಾರ ಕಂಪೆನಿಲು, ಆಜಿ ಹೂಡಿಕೆ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆಲು, ರಡ್ಡ್ ಪ್ಯಾಕೇಜಿಂಗ್ ಘಟಕಲು, ಮೂಜಿ ಔಷಧ ಕಂಪೆನಿಲು, ತಂಪು ಪಾನೀಯ ಬಾಟಲಿಂಗ್ ಘಟಕಲು, ಒಂಜಿ ಬ್ಯಾಟರಿ ಘಟಕ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪಲ ಉದ್ಯಮ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆಲೆಡ್ ನಿಯಂತ್ರಣ ಉಂಡಾದ್ ಭಾರತೊದ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಉದ್ಯಮಿಯಾದ್ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧಿ ಪಡೆಯೆರ್.
== ವಿವಾದೊಲು ==
ಕೆಲ ವ್ಯವಹಾರ ಪೈಪೋಟಿದಾರೆರ್, ಮದ್ಯ ಉದ್ಯಮದ ಅನೈತಿಕ ಕ್ರಮಲೆನ ಅರ್ ಅನುಸರಿಸಾಯೆರ್ ಪಂದ್ ಆರೋಪ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್.<ref name=":1" /> ವಿಶೇಷವಾದ್, ಮಾಲ್ಟೆಡ್ ಬಾರ್ಲಿಗ್ ಬದಲಾದ್ ಕರಂಬುದ ಪಾಕಡ್ದ್ ವಿಸ್ಕಿ ತಯಾರ್ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಮೂಲಕ ಕಡಿಮೆ ವೆಚ್ಚಡ್ ಜಾಸ್ತಿ ಲಾಭ ಪಡೆಯೆರ್ ಪಂಡ್ ಟೀಕೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಈ ವಿಧಾನೊಡನೆ ತಯಾರಾದ್ ಮದ್ಯ ಆರೋಗ್ಯಗ್ ಹಾನಿಕರ ಪಂದ್ ಅಭಿಪ್ರಾಯಲೂ ಉಂಡು. 1980ಡ್ [[ಮಹಾರಾಷ್ಟ್ರ]]ದ ಮುಖ್ಯಮಂತ್ರಿ ಎ. ಆರ್. ಅಂತುಲೆ ಮದ್ಯ ಪೂರೈಕೆ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ವಿವಾದಾತ್ಮಕ ನಿರ್ಣಯಲೆ ಜತೆ ವಿಠ್ಠಲ್ ಮಲ್ಯನ ಪುದರ್ ಸಂಬಂಧಪಟ್ಟಿತ್ತ್ ಪಂಡ್ ಮಾಧ್ಯಮಲೆ ವರದಿ ಮಲ್ತಿನರ್.{{citation needed|date=October 2021}}
== ವೈಯಕ್ತಿಕ ಜೀವನ ==
ವಿಠ್ಠಲ್ ಮಲ್ಯ ಮೂಜಿ ಮದುವೆ ಆಯೆರ್.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/delhi-times/Vijay-Mallya-The-spirit-shall-prevail/articleshow/7498023.cms|title=Vijay Mallya: The spirit shall prevail|website=The Times of India|date=20 April 2002|access-date=17 March 2016}}</ref>
ಅರೆನ ಸುರುತ ಮದುವೆ ಲಲಿತಾ ರಾಮಯ್ಯ ನ ಜೊತೆ ಆಂಡ್. ಈ ದಂಪತಿಗೆ ಒಂಜಿ ಮಗೆ ವಿಜಯ್ ಮಲ್ಯ ಜನಿಸಾಯೆರ್.ಬೊಕ್ಕ, ಇತ್ತೆಲಾ ರಡ್ಡ್ ಪೊಣ್ಣು ಜೋಕುಲು ಉಂಡುಂಡಿತ್ತಿನ ವಿಚ್ಛೇದಿತೆ ಅಥಾವ ವಿಧವೆ ಒರ್ತಿನ ಜತೆ ಸಂಬಂಧ/ಮದುವೆ ಆಯೆರ್. ಈ ದಂಪತಿಲೆಗ್ ಜೋಕುಲು ಇಜ್ಜಿ. ಮೂಜನೆ ಮದುಮೆ ಮುಂಬೈದ ಸಿಂಧಿ ಮೂಲೊದ, ಕಾನೂನು ವಿದ್ಯಾಭ್ಯಾಸ ಮಲ್ತಿತ್ತಿನ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ವಸ್ತ್ರ ವ್ಯಾಪಾರ ನಡೆಸೊಡುಂಡಿತ್ತಿನ ಕೈಲಾಶ್ ಅಡ್ವಾಣಿ (ಮದುಮೆದ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ರಿತು ಮಲ್ಯ) ನ ಒಟ್ಟುಗು ಆಂಡ್.<ref>{{Cite web|first=Stephen|last=David|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/supplement/story/20080414-theres-spring-in-autumn-735863-2008-04-03|title=There's spring in autumn|website=India Today|date=3 April 2008|access-date=17 March 2016}}</ref> ಇಂಚಿನ ದಂಪತಿಗ್ ಮಕ್ಕೆಲು ಇಜ್ಜಿ.
ವಿಠ್ಠಲ್ ಮಲ್ಯ ಸರಳ ಜೀವನೊದ ಅಭ್ಯಾಸ ಉಂಡುಂಡಿತ್ತಿನ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿಯಾದ್ ಇತ್ತೆರ್. ಮಿತವ್ಯಯ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಆಡಂಬರರಹಿತ ಜೀವನೊಲೆ ವಿಶ್ವಾಸ ಮಲ್ತಿನೆರ್. ಇಂಚಿನ ಮೌಲ್ಯಲೆನ ಮಗ ವಿಜಯ್ ಮಲ್ಯಗ್ ಕಲ್ಪುನ ಪ್ರಯತ್ನ ಮಲ್ತಾಯೆರ್. ಅರೆನ ಖರ್ಚುಗ್ ಕಾಸ್ ಮಿತಿಯಾದ್ ಕೊರ್ಪುನುದ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಸ್ವಂತ ಕಾರು ಪಂಡಿನ ಆಡಂಬರೊಲೆಗ್ ಅವಕಾಶ ಕೊರುಂದೆ ಈ ಮೌಲ್ಯಲೆನ ರೂಢಿಸಾಯೆರ್.
== ಉಲ್ಲೇಕೊಲು ==
{{Reflist}}
== ಬಾಹ್ಯ ಕೊಂಡಿಲು ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20101206041637/http://kingfisherworld.com/corporate/history.aspx United Breweries History]
* [http://www.theubgroup.com/profile_genesis.aspx The UB Group – Genesis]
i7x4820x740o2a6qywextgtn5ymdmnm
ಪಾತೆರ:ವಿಠ್ಠಲ್ ಮಲ್ಯ
1
27660
363663
2026-07-31T09:40:52Z
Hariprasad Shetty10
6127
https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/10wiki-tcy
363663
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ 10ನೇ ವರ್ಸಂತಿಗೆ ಪಂತೊದ ಲೇಕನೊ}}
nekn5axm94un6rhhgr63qit15105phm
ಚಾಲಕುಡಿ
0
27661
363664
2026-07-31T10:37:29Z
Pragathi. BH
6361
"[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1364057757|Chalakudy]]" ಪುಟವನ್ನು ಅನುವಾದಿಸುವುದರಿಂದ ಸೃಷ್ಟಿಸಲಾಯಿತು
363664
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{| class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"
! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" |<div class="fn org">Chalakudy</div>
|-
| colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" |<div class="category">Town</div>
|- class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"
| colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |Chalakudy
|- class="mergedtoprow"
| colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |[[File:Chalakudy_South_Jn.jpg|250x250px|Chalakudy South Junction]]<div class="ib-settlement-caption">Chalakudy South Junction</div>
|- class="mergedtoprow"
| colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<div class="switcher-container"><templatestyles src="Module:Location map/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px">[[ಫೈಲ್:India_Kerala_location_map.svg|class=notpageimage noviewer|364x364px|Chalakudy is located in Kerala]]<div class="od notheme" style="top:54%;left:52.286%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px">[[ಫೈಲ್:Red_pog.svg|link=|class=notpageimage noviewer|6x6px|Chalakudy]]</div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Chalakudy</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in Kerala, India</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Kerala</span></div></div></div><templatestyles src="Module:Location map/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px">[[ಫೈಲ್:India_location_map.svg|class=notpageimage noviewer|269x269px|Chalakudy is located in India]]<div class="od notheme" style="top:83.692%;left:29.156%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px">[[ಫೈಲ್:Red_pog.svg|link=|class=notpageimage noviewer|6x6px|Chalakudy]]</div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Chalakudy</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Chalakudy (India)</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of India</span></div></div></div></div>
|-
| colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |Coordinates: <templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles><span class="geo-inline"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Chalakudy¶ms=10.30_N_76.33_E_type:city(49525)_region:IN-KL <span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">10°18′N</span> <span class="longitude">76°20′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">10.30°N 76.33°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">10.30; 76.33</span></span></span>]</span></span><indicator name="coordinates"><span id="coordinates">[[Geographic coordinate system|Coordinates]]: {{#parsoid�fragment:9}}<span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Chalakudy¶ms=10.30_N_76.33_E_type:city(49525)_region:IN-KL <span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">10°18′N</span> <span class="longitude">76°20′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">10.30°N 76.33°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">10.30; 76.33</span></span></span>]</span>[[Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas]]</span></indicator>
|- class="mergedtoprow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Country
| class="infobox-data" |India
|- class="mergedrow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |State
| class="infobox-data" |[[ಕೇರಳ|Kerala]]
|- class="mergedrow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[ಭಾರತೊದ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆಲು|District]]
| class="infobox-data" |Thrissur
|- class="mergedtoprow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Established
| class="infobox-data" |1970
|- class="mergedtoprow"
! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div>
|- class="mergedrow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | • Type
| class="infobox-data" |Taluk
|- class="mergedrow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | • Body
| class="infobox-data agent" |Chalakkudy Municipality
|- class="mergedrow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | • MLA
| class="infobox-data" |T. J. Saneesh Kumar Joseph
|- class="mergedtoprow"
! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div>
|- class="mergedrow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div>
| class="infobox-data" |25.23 km<sup>2</sup> (9.74 sq mi)
|- class="mergedtoprow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div>
| class="infobox-data" |16 m (52 ft)
|- class="mergedtoprow"
! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2011)</div>
|- class="mergedrow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div>
| class="infobox-data" |49,525
|- class="mergedrow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | • Density
| class="infobox-data" |1,963/km<sup>2</sup> (5,084/sq mi)
|- class="mergedtoprow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Time zone
| class="infobox-data" |UTC+5:30 (IST)
|- class="mergedtoprow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |PIN
| class="infobox-data adr" |<div class="postal-code">680307</div>
|- class="mergedrow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Telephone code
| class="infobox-data" |0480
|- class="mergedrow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Vehicle registration
| class="infobox-data" |KL-64, KL-8, KL-45
|}
{| class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"
! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" |<div class="fn org">Chalakudy</div>
|-
| colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" |<div class="category">Town</div>
|- class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"
| colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |Chalakudy
|- class="mergedtoprow"
| colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |[[File:Chalakudy_South_Jn.jpg|250x250px|Chalakudy South Junction]]<div class="ib-settlement-caption">Chalakudy South Junction</div>
|- class="mergedtoprow"
| colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<div class="switcher-container"><templatestyles src="Module:Location map/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px">[[ಫೈಲ್:India_Kerala_location_map.svg|class=notpageimage noviewer|364x364px|Chalakudy is located in Kerala]]<div class="od notheme" style="top:54%;left:52.286%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px">[[ಫೈಲ್:Red_pog.svg|link=|class=notpageimage noviewer|6x6px|Chalakudy]]</div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Chalakudy</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in Kerala, India</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Kerala</span></div></div></div><templatestyles src="Module:Location map/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px">[[ಫೈಲ್:India_location_map.svg|class=notpageimage noviewer|269x269px|Chalakudy is located in India]]<div class="od notheme" style="top:83.692%;left:29.156%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px">[[ಫೈಲ್:Red_pog.svg|link=|class=notpageimage noviewer|6x6px|Chalakudy]]</div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Chalakudy</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Chalakudy (India)</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of India</span></div></div></div></div>
|-
| colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |Coordinates: <templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles><span class="geo-inline"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Chalakudy¶ms=10.30_N_76.33_E_type:city(49525)_region:IN-KL <span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">10°18′N</span> <span class="longitude">76°20′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">10.30°N 76.33°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">10.30; 76.33</span></span></span>]</span></span><indicator name="coordinates"><span id="coordinates">[[Geographic coordinate system|Coordinates]]: {{#parsoid�fragment:9}}<span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Chalakudy¶ms=10.30_N_76.33_E_type:city(49525)_region:IN-KL <span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">10°18′N</span> <span class="longitude">76°20′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">10.30°N 76.33°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">10.30; 76.33</span></span></span>]</span>[[Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas]]</span></indicator>
|- class="mergedtoprow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Country
| class="infobox-data" |India
|- class="mergedrow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |State
| class="infobox-data" |[[ಕೇರಳ|Kerala]]
|- class="mergedrow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[ಭಾರತೊದ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆಲು|District]]
| class="infobox-data" |Thrissur
|- class="mergedtoprow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Established
| class="infobox-data" |1970
|- class="mergedtoprow"
! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div>
|- class="mergedrow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | • Type
| class="infobox-data" |Taluk
|- class="mergedrow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | • Body
| class="infobox-data agent" |Chalakkudy Municipality
|- class="mergedrow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | • MLA
| class="infobox-data" |T. J. Saneesh Kumar Joseph
|- class="mergedtoprow"
! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div>
|- class="mergedrow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div>
| class="infobox-data" |25.23 km<sup>2</sup> (9.74 sq mi)
|- class="mergedtoprow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div>
| class="infobox-data" |16 m (52 ft)
|- class="mergedtoprow"
! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2011)</div>
|- class="mergedrow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div>
| class="infobox-data" |49,525
|- class="mergedrow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | • Density
| class="infobox-data" |1,963/km<sup>2</sup> (5,084/sq mi)
|- class="mergedtoprow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Time zone
| class="infobox-data" |UTC+5:30 (IST)
|- class="mergedtoprow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |PIN
| class="infobox-data adr" |<div class="postal-code">680307</div>
|- class="mergedrow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Telephone code
| class="infobox-data" |0480
|- class="mergedrow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Vehicle registration
| class="infobox-data" |KL-64, KL-8, KL-45
|}
{| class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"
! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" |<div class="fn org">Chalakudy</div>
|-
| colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" |<div class="category">Town</div>
|- class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"
| colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |Chalakudy
|- class="mergedtoprow"
| colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |[[File:Chalakudy_South_Jn.jpg|250x250px|Chalakudy South Junction]]<div class="ib-settlement-caption">Chalakudy South Junction</div>
|- class="mergedtoprow"
| colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<div class="switcher-container"><templatestyles src="Module:Location map/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px">[[ಫೈಲ್:India_Kerala_location_map.svg|class=notpageimage noviewer|364x364px|Chalakudy is located in Kerala]]<div class="od notheme" style="top:54%;left:52.286%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px">[[ಫೈಲ್:Red_pog.svg|link=|class=notpageimage noviewer|6x6px|Chalakudy]]</div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Chalakudy</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in Kerala, India</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Kerala</span></div></div></div><templatestyles src="Module:Location map/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px">[[ಫೈಲ್:India_location_map.svg|class=notpageimage noviewer|269x269px|Chalakudy is located in India]]<div class="od notheme" style="top:83.692%;left:29.156%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px">[[ಫೈಲ್:Red_pog.svg|link=|class=notpageimage noviewer|6x6px|Chalakudy]]</div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Chalakudy</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Chalakudy (India)</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of India</span></div></div></div></div>
|-
| colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |Coordinates: <templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles><span class="geo-inline"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Chalakudy¶ms=10.30_N_76.33_E_type:city(49525)_region:IN-KL <span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">10°18′N</span> <span class="longitude">76°20′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">10.30°N 76.33°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">10.30; 76.33</span></span></span>]</span></span><indicator name="coordinates"><span id="coordinates">[[Geographic coordinate system|Coordinates]]: {{#parsoid�fragment:9}}<span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Chalakudy¶ms=10.30_N_76.33_E_type:city(49525)_region:IN-KL <span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">10°18′N</span> <span class="longitude">76°20′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">10.30°N 76.33°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">10.30; 76.33</span></span></span>]</span>[[Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas]]</span></indicator>
|- class="mergedtoprow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Country
| class="infobox-data" |India
|- class="mergedrow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |State
| class="infobox-data" |[[ಕೇರಳ|Kerala]]
|- class="mergedrow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[ಭಾರತೊದ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆಲು|District]]
| class="infobox-data" |Thrissur
|- class="mergedtoprow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Established
| class="infobox-data" |1970
|- class="mergedtoprow"
! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div>
|- class="mergedrow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | • Type
| class="infobox-data" |Taluk
|- class="mergedrow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | • Body
| class="infobox-data agent" |Chalakkudy Municipality
|- class="mergedrow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | • MLA
| class="infobox-data" |T. J. Saneesh Kumar Joseph
|- class="mergedtoprow"
! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div>
|- class="mergedrow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div>
| class="infobox-data" |25.23 km<sup>2</sup> (9.74 sq mi)
|- class="mergedtoprow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div>
| class="infobox-data" |16 m (52 ft)
|- class="mergedtoprow"
! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2011)</div>
|- class="mergedrow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div>
| class="infobox-data" |49,525
|- class="mergedrow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | • Density
| class="infobox-data" |1,963/km<sup>2</sup> (5,084/sq mi)
|- class="mergedtoprow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Time zone
| class="infobox-data" |UTC+5:30 (IST)
|- class="mergedtoprow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |PIN
| class="infobox-data adr" |<div class="postal-code">680307</div>
|- class="mergedrow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Telephone code
| class="infobox-data" |0480
|- class="mergedrow"
! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Vehicle registration
| class="infobox-data" |KL-64, KL-8, KL-45
|}
'''ಚಾಲಕುಡಿ''' ( ) ಭಾರತದ [[ಕೇರಳ]] ರಾಜ್ಯದ ತ್ರಿಶೂರು ಜಿಲ್ಲೆದ ಚಾಲಕುಡಿ ತುದೆತ ಬರಿಟ್ ಉಪ್ಪುನ ಒಂಜಿ ಪುರಸಭೆ ಊರು. ಉಂದು ಚಾಲಕುಡಿ ತಾಲೂಕುದ ಮುಖ್ಯ ಕಚೇರಿ . [[ಅತಿರಪ್ಪಿಲ್ಲಿ ಜಲಪಾತ]] ಬೊಕ್ಕ ವಝಾಚಲ್ ಜಲಪಾತೊಗು ಪೋಪಿನ ಪ್ರಯಾಣಿಕೆರೆಗ್ ಉಂದು ಬೇಸ್ ಕ್ಯಾಂಪ್ ಆದುಂಡು. ಚಾಲಕುಡಿ ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ಹೆದ್ದಾರಿ ೫೪೪ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಸುಮಾರ್ ೪೭ ಡ್ ಉಂಡು ಕಿ.ಮೀ (23 ಮಿ) ಕೊಚ್ಚಿ ನಗರೊದ ಉತ್ತರೊಗು, ಬೊಕ್ಕ 30 ಕಿ.ಮೀ (೧೯ ಮಿ) ತ್ರಿಶೂರ್ ನಗರದ ದಕ್ಷಿಣೊಗು ಉಂಡು.
== ವ್ಯಾಕರಣ ==
ರಡ್ಡನೆ ಚೇರ ರಾಜವಂಶದ ಕಾಲೊಡು, [[ಕೇರಳ|ಕೇರಳೊದ]] ಪಿದಯಿದ ಜನಕುಲು ಚಾಲಕುಡಿಗ್ ಭೇಟಿ ಕೊರ್ದು ಚುಕ್ಕಿಕುಲಂ ಶಾಲೆಡ್ದ್ [[ವೇದ|ವೇದೊಲೆನ್]] ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಕಾಲರಿಪಯಟ್ಟುನ್ ತೆರಿಯೊನೆರೆ ಬತ್ತೆರ್ ''.'' ಈ ಜನಾಂಗ ಚಾಲಕುಡಿ ಸುದೆ ಬರಿಟ್ ನೆಲೆಯಾದಿತ್ತೆರ್ ಈ ವಸತಿ ವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆನ್ ''ಕುಡಿ ಪಂದ್ ಲೆಪ್ಪುವೆರ್.'' ''ಶಾಲಾ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಕುಡಿ ಪನ್ಪಿನ'' ಈ ರಡ್ಡ್ ಶಬ್ದೊಲೆನ ಸೇರಿಗೆಡ್ ಶಾಲಾಕುಡಿ ಪನ್ಪಿನ ಪುನರ್ ಆಂಡ್ . ಅವು ದುಂಬುಗು ಚಾಲಕುಡಿ ಪಂಡ್ದ್ ಬದಲಾವಣೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. <ref>{{Cite web|title=ചരിത്രം {{!}} Chalakudy Municipality|url=http://www.chalakudymunicipality.lsgkerala.gov.in/history|accessdate=24 January 2022|website=www.chalakudymunicipality.lsgkerala.gov.in|archivedate=15 June 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220615062942/http://www.chalakudymunicipality.lsgkerala.gov.in/history}}</ref>
== ಆಡಳಿತ ==
ಚಾಲಕುಡಿ ಪುರಸಭೆ 1970ನೇ ಇಸವಿಡ್ ಅಸ್ತಿತ್ವೊಗು ಬತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ೨೫.೨೩ ವಿಸ್ತೀರ್ಣೊನು ಪಡೆಯಿರಿ ಈ ಪುರಸಭೆ ಕಿ.ಮೀ. <sup>2 ನ್</sup> 36 ಚುನಾವಣಾ ವಾರ್ಡ್ ಲಾದ್ ವಿಂಗಡಿಸವೊಂದುಂಡು. ಚಾಲಕುಡಿ ರಡ್ಡನೇ ದರ್ಜೆದ ಪುರಸಭೆ. ಭಾರತದ ಗಡಿ ಆಯೋಗದ ಶಿಫಾರಸುಲೆನ್ ಆಧಾರವಾದ್ ಸಂಸದೀಯ ಕ್ಷೇತ್ರೊಲೆನ ಗಡಿ ನಿಗದಿ ಮಲ್ಪುನೆರ್ದ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ 1957 ಡ್ದ್ 2008 ಮುಟ್ಟ ಚಾಲಕುಡಿ ಲೋಕಸಭಾ ಕ್ಷೇತ್ರ ಅಸ್ತಿತ್ವೊಗು ಬರ್ಪಿನ ಮುಟ್ಟ ಉಂದು ಮುಕುಂದಾಪುರಂ ಲೋಕಸಭಾ ಕ್ಷೇತ್ರೊದ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಘಟಕ ಆದಿತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಈ ಕ್ಷೇತ್ರೊಡು ರಡ್ಡ್ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆಲೆಡ್ ಏಳು ವಿಧಾನಸಭೆ ವಿಭಾಗೊಲು ಉಂಡು—ತ್ರಿಶೂರು (3) ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಎರ್ನಾಕುಲಂ (4). 2013ನೇ ಇಸವಿಡ್ ಚಾಲಕುಡಿ ತಾಲೂಕು ಆಂಡ್. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.janasevanakendram.org/Content/M080400.htm|title=Profile|publisher=Janasevana Kendram|accessdate=7 December 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110324193510/http://www.janasevanakendram.org/Content/M080400.htm|archivedate=24 March 2011}}</ref> ಚಾಲಕುಡಿ ಒಂಜಿ ಕೇರಳ ವಿಧಾನಸಭಾ ಕ್ಷೇತ್ರ & ಒಂಜಿ ಲೋಕಸಭಾ ಕ್ಷೇತ್ರ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://archive.eci.gov.in/se2001/background/S11/KL_Dist_PC_AC.pdf|title=Assembly Constituencies — Corresponding Districts and Parliamentary Constituencies|accessdate=19 October 2008|website=Kerala|publisher=Election Commission of India|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081030085443/http://archive.eci.gov.in/se2001/background/S11/KL_Dist_PC_AC.pdf|archivedate=30 October 2008}}</ref>
== ಸಾಗಾಣಿಕೆ ==
=== ತಾದಿ ===
ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ಹೆದ್ದಾರಿ ೫೪೪(NH544) ಚಾಲಕುಡಿ ಊರುದ ಮೂಲಕ ಪೋದು ತ್ರಿಶೂರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಎರ್ನಾಕುಲಂ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆಲೆನ ನಡುಟು ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಪ್ರವೇಶ ಬಿಂದು ಆದ್ ಸೇವೆ ಮಲ್ಪುಂಡು. ಅಂತಾನೇ ರಾಜ್ಯ ಹೆದ್ದಾರಿಲು – SH 21, SH 51 ಬೊಕ್ಕ SH 61 ಜಿಲ್ಲಾ ರಸ್ತೆಲೆನೊಟ್ಟುಗು ಪಶ್ಚಿಮೊಗು ಕೆಳಮಟ್ಟೊದ ಪ್ರದೇಶೊಲೆಗ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪೂರ್ವೊಗು ಎತ್ತರೊದ ಪ್ರದೇಶೊಲೆಗ್ ಪ್ರವೇಶೊನು ಒದಗಾವುನ ಬೇತೆ ಬೇತೆ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ರಸ್ತೆಲು.
ಚಾಲಕುಡಿಡ್ದ್ ಸುರು ಆದ್ [[ತಮಿಳುನಾಡು|ತಮಿಳುನಾಡುದ]] ರಾಜ್ಯ ಗಡಿಟ್ ಮಲಕಪ್ಪರಡ್ ಮುಗಿಪುನ ರಾಜ್ಯ ಹೆದ್ದಾರಿ 21 86.0 ಕಿ.ಮೀ (೫೩.೪ ಮೈ) ಉದ್ದ ಉಂದೆಟ್ ೫೦.೧ ಕಿ.ಮೀ. ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣವಾದ್ ಅರಣ್ಯ ಪ್ರದೇಶೊಡೆ ಪೋಪುಂಡು ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಉಂದು ಭಾರತೊಡು ಬಾರಿ ಪೊರ್ಲುದ ಬರ್ಸ ಕಾಡುಲು ಬೊಕ್ಕ ವನ್ಯಜೀವಿಲೆನ ದೃಶ್ಯೊಲೆಡ್ದ್ ಒಂಜಿ ಎಡ್ಡೆ ದೃಶ್ಯ ಮಾರ್ಗ ಪಂಡ್ದ್ ವರ್ಣನೆ ಮಲ್ಪುಂಡು. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Drive along one of India's most beautiful forest road|url=https://www.onmanorama.com/travel/kerala/2020/01/18/drive-chalakudy-valparai-pollachi-route.html|accessdate=16 July 2023|website=OnManorama}}</ref> [[ಅತಿರಪ್ಪಿಲ್ಲಿ ಜಲಪಾತ]] ಬೊಕ್ಕ ವಝಚಲ ಜಲಪಾತ ಈ ಮಾರ್ಗೊಡು ಉಂಡು.
ಚಾಲಕುಡಿ ಕೆಎಸ್ಆರ್ಟಿಸಿ ಬಸ್ ನಿಲ್ದಾಣ ಕೇರಳದ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಊರುಲು ಬೊಕ್ಕ ನಗರೊಲೆಗ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ತ್ರಿಶೂರು ಜಿಲ್ಲೆದಉಲಾಯಿ ಬೇತೆ ಬೇತೆ ದೂರದ ಜಾಗೆಲೆಗ್ ರಾಜ್ಯೊದ ಒಳಾಂಗಣ ಪ್ರಯಾಣೊಗು ಮುಖ್ಯ ಕೇಂದ್ರ ಆದುಂಡು. ಪುತುಕ್ಕಾಡ್, ಅತಿರಪ್ಪಿಲ್ಲಿ, ಮಲಕಪ್ಪರೊಗು ನಿಯಮಿತವಾದ್ ಕೆಎಸ್ಆರ್ಟಿಸಿ ಬಸ್ ಸೇವೆಲು ಉಂಡು ಬೊಕ್ಕ [[ತಮಿಳುನಾಡು|ತಮಿಳುನಾಡುದ]] ವಾಲ್ಪರಾಯಿ ಗುಡ್ಡೆ ನಿಲ್ದಾಣೊಗು ಅಂತರ ರಾಜ್ಯ ಸೇವೆಲು ಉಂಡು. ಚಾಲಕುಡಿಡ್ ಒಂಜಿ ಖಾಸಗಿ ಬಸ್ ನಿಲ್ದಾಣಲಾ ಉಂಡು, ಉಂದೆಟ್ ಇರಿಂಜಲಕುಡ, ಆಲೂರು, ಕೊಡಕಾರ, ಕೊಡುಂಗಲ್ಲೂರು, ಮಾಲಾ, ಅಷ್ಟಮಿಚಿರ, ಪುತೆನ್ವೆಲಿಕ್ಕಾರ, [[Meloor|ಮೆಲೂರು]], ಕೊರಟ್ಟಿ, ಅಂಗಮಲಿ, ಕೊಡಸ್ಸೆರಿ, ಅತಿರಪ್ಪಿಲ್ಲಿ, ವಾಲ್ಪರಾಯಿಗ್ ಅಪ್ಪಗ ಬಸ್ ಸಂಚಾರಲಾ ಉಂಡು.
=== ರೈಲ್ವೆ ===
ಚಾಲಕುಡಿ ತ್ರಿಶೂರ್ ಡ್ 2ನೇ ಮಲ್ಲ ರೈಲ್ವೆ ನಿಲ್ದಾಣ ಆದುಂಡು ಉಂದು ಭಾರತೀಯ ರೈಲ್ವೆದ ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ರೈಲ್ವೆ ವಲಯೊಡು ನಡಪುಂಡು, ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಉಂದು ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಉತ್ತರ ಕೇರಳೊಗು ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಸಂಪರ್ಕೊನು ಒದಗಾವುನ ತಿರುವನಂತಪುರಂ ರೈಲ್ವೆ ವಿಭಾಗೊದ ಅಡಿಟ್ ಬರ್ಪುಂಡು. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Categorization of Stations|url=https://sr.indianrailways.gov.in/uploads/files/1641895515486-ANNUAL%20EARNINGS.pdf|accessdate=1 February 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220201172748/https://sr.indianrailways.gov.in/uploads/files/1641895515486-ANNUAL%20EARNINGS.pdf|archivedate=1 February 2022}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Southern Railway Welcomes You|url=https://sr.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?lang=0&id=0,1,304,371,403|accessdate=1 February 2022|website=sr.indianrailways.gov.in}}</ref>
=== ವಿಮಾನ ನಿಲ್ದಾಣ ===
ಕೈತಲ್ದ ವಿಮಾನ ನಿಲ್ದಾಣ ಪಂಡ ನೆಡುಂಬಾಸೆರಿಡ್ ಉಪ್ಪುನ ಕೊಚ್ಚಿನ್ ಅಂತರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ವಿಮಾನ ನಿಲ್ದಾಣ ಉಂದು ಚಾಲಕುಡಿಡ್ದ್ 19ಕಿ.ಮೀ. ಮಾತಾ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ದೇಶೀಯ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಅಂತರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ವಿಮಾನೊಲು ಮುಲ್ಪ ಲಭ್ಯ ಉಂಡು. ನ್ಯೂ ದೆಹಲಿ, [[ಮುಂಬಯಿ|ಮುಂಬೈ]], [[ಚೆನ್ನೈ]], [[ಬೆಂಗಳೂರು]], ಕೋಲ್ಕತ್ತಾ, [[ಹೈದರಾಬಾದ್, ಭಾರತ|ಹೈದರಾಬಾದ್]], ಪುಣೆ, ಗೋವಾ, [[ಕುಡ್ಲ|ಮಂಗಳೂರು]], ಕೊಜಿಕೋಡ್ [[ಸಿಂಗಾಪುರ|,]] [[ತಿರುವನಂತಪುರಮ್|ತಿರುವನಂತಪುರಂ]], ಲಂಡನ್, ದುಬೈ, ಶಾರ್ಜಾ, ಅಬುಧಾಬಿ, ದೋಹಾ, ಬಹ್ರೇನ್, [[ಕುವೈತ್|ಕುವೈಟ್]], ಮಸ್ಕಟ್, ಸಿಂಗಾಪುರ್, ಕುಲೊ, ಕುಲೊ, ಸಲಾಲಾ, ಜೆಡ್ಡಾ, ಬೊಕ್ಕ ರಿಯಾದ್ .
೨೦೧೧ ಜನಗಣತಿ ಪ್ರಕಾರ, ಚಾಲಕುಡಿದ ಒಟ್ಟು ಜನಸಂಖ್ಯೆ ೧೧೪,೯೦೧. ಜನಸಂಖ್ಯೆದ ಸಾಂದ್ರತೆ ಪ್ರತಿ ಚದರ ಕಿ.ಮೀ.ಗ್ 4554 ಉಂಡು. ಒಟ್ಟು ಜನಸಂಖ್ಯೆಡ್, 55,276 ಪುರುಷೆರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ 59625 ಪೊಣ್ಣುಲು. ಜೋಕುಲು (6-10 ವರ್ಸೊದಕುಲು) 8.86% ನ್ ಒಟ್ಟು ಮಲ್ಪುವೆರ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಉಂದು ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ನಗರ ಸರಾಸರಿಡ್ದ್ ಕಮ್ಮಿ ಆದುಂಡು ಅವು 10.93%. ಚಾಲಕುಡಿದ ಸಾಕ್ಷರತೆದ ಪ್ರಮಾಣ 96.42% ಬೊಕ್ಕ ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ನಗರ ಸರಾಸರಿಡ್ದ್ ಎಚ್ಚ ಉಂಡು ಉಂದು 85% ಆದುಂಡು ಉಂದೆಟ್ ಪುರುಷ ಸಾಕ್ಷರತೆದ ಪ್ರಮಾಣ 97.53% ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪೊಣ್ಣುಲೆನ ಸಾಕ್ಷರತೆದ ಪ್ರಮಾಣ 95.41% ಉಂಡು. ಚಾಲಕುಡಿದ ಲಿಂಗ ಅನುಪಾತ 96.42% ಉಂಡು. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Profile of Chalakudy, History of Chalakudy, Introduction of Chalakudy|url=https://chalakudy.keralaonline.in/guide/about-chalakudy}}</ref>
== ಕಲ್ಪಾಟಿಗೆ ==
ಚಾಲಕುಡಿಡ್ ಉನ್ನತ ಪ್ರೌಢಶಾಲೆಲು, ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷ್ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಮಲಯಾಳಂ ಮಧ್ಯಮ ಪ್ರೌಢಶಾಲೆಲು, ಒಂಜಿ ಏರೋನಾಟಿಕಲ್ ಕಾಲೇಜ್, ಒಂಜಿ ಸರ್ಕಾರಿ ಕೈಗಾರಿಕಾ ತರಬೇತಿ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆ, ಒಂಜಿ ವೈದ್ಯಕೀಯ ಕಾಲೇಜ್, ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಬೇತೆ ಮಸ್ತ್ ವೃತ್ತಿಪರ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆಲು ಸೇರ್ದ್ ಉಪ್ಪುನ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆಲು ಉಂಡು.
=== ಶಾಲೆಲು ===
* ಸರಕಾರಿ ಬಾಲಕ ಹಿರಿಯ ಪ್ರೌಢಶಾಲೆ, ಚಾಲಕುಡಿ
* ಕಾರ್ಮೆಲ್ ಹಿರಿಯ ಪ್ರೌಢಶಾಲೆ, ಚಲಕುಡಿ
* ಸ್ಯಾಕ್ರೆಡ್ ಹಾರ್ಟ್ ಕಾನ್ವೆಂಟ್ ಬಾಲಕಿಯರ ಹಿರಿಯ ಪ್ರೌಢಶಾಲೆ ಚಲಕುಡಿ
* ಸಿ ಕೆ ಎಂ ಎನ್ ಎಸ್ ಎಸ್ ಹಿರಿಯ ಪ್ರೌಢಶಾಲೆ
* ಕ್ರೆಸೆಂಟ್ ಪಬ್ಲಿಕ್ ಸ್ಕೂಲ್, ಚಾಲಕುಡಿ
* ವ್ಯಾಸ ವಿದ್ಯಾನಿಕೇತನ ಕೇಂದ್ರ ಶಾಲೆ, ಚಲಕುಡಿ
* ಸಿ.ಎಂ.ಐ ಪಬ್ಲಿಕ್ ಸ್ಕೂಲ್, ಚಾಲಕುಡಿ
* ಸರ್ಕಾರಿ ಹಿರಿಯ ಪ್ರೌಢಶಾಲೆ, ವಿ.ಆರ್.ಪುರಂ
* ಸರಕಾರಿ ಬಾಲಕಿಯರ ಪ್ರೌಢಶಾಲೆ,ಚಲಕುಡಿ
* ಕಾರ್ಮೆಲ್ ಅಕಾಡೆಮಿ ಸಿಎಂಐ ಐಸಿಎಸ್ಇ ಶಾಲೆ,ಚಲಕುಡಿ
=== ಕಾಲೇಜುಲು ===
* [[Panampilly Memorial Government College|ಪಣಂಪಿಳ್ಳಿ ಸ್ಮಾರಕ ಸರಕಾರಿ ಕಾಲೇಜು]]
* ಸ್ಯಾಕ್ರೆಡ್ ಹಾರ್ಟ್ ಕಾಲೇಜು ಚಲಕುಡಿ
* ಸದರ್ನ್ ಕಾಲೇಜ್ ಆಫ್ ಎಂಜಿನಿಯರಿಂಗ್ & ಟೆಕ್ನಾಲಜಿ
* ಸೇಂಟ್ ಜೇಮ್ಸ್ ಕಾಲೇಜ್ ಆಫ್ ಫಾರ್ಮಾಸ್ಯುಟಿಕಲ್ ಸೈನ್ಸಸ್
* ಸೈಂಟ್ ಜೇಮ್ಸ್ ಕಾಲೇಜ್ ಆಫ್ ನರ್ಸಿಂಗ್
* ನಿರ್ಮಲಾ ಕಲಾ ವಿಜ್ಞಾನ ಕಾಲೇಜು
* ನಿರ್ಮಲಾ ಕಾಲೇಜ್ ಆಫ್ ಮ್ಯಾನೇಜ್ ಮೆಂಟ್
* ನಿರ್ಮಲಾ ಕಾಲೇಜ್ ಆಫ್ ಇಂಜಿನಿಯರಿಂಗ್
* ನಿರ್ಮಲಾ ಆರೋಗ್ಯ ವಿಜ್ಞಾನ ಕಾಲೇಜು
== ಪ್ರವಾಸೋದ್ಯಮ ==
ಚಾಲಕುಡಿ ಪಂಡ ಉಪನಗರ ಊರು, ಉಂದು ಮುಖ್ಯವಾದ್ ಚಾಲಕುಡಿ ತುದೆ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಪಚ್ಚೆ ಕೃಷಿತ ಕಂಡೊಲು ಮೈದಾನೊಲೆಡ್ದ್ ಹಸಿರುದ ಸಮೃದ್ಧಿಡ್ ಆಶೀರ್ವಾದ ಪಡೆಯಿನವು. ಅಥಿರಪಳ್ಳಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ವಝಚಲ ಜಲಪಾತೊಲು ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಮಲಕಪ್ಪರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ವಾಲ್ಪರಾಯಿದ ಗುಡ್ಡೆ ನಿಲ್ದಾಣೊಲೆಗ್ ಪೋಪಿನ ಪ್ರವಾಸಿಲೆಗ್ ಈ ಊರು ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಕಾರಿಡಾರ್ ಆದುಂಡು. ಚಾಲಕುಡಿ ತುದೆಕ್ ಸುಮಾರ್ ಪ್ರವೇಶ ಬಿಂದುಲು ಉಂಡು. ಕೂಡಪುಝಾ ಚೆಕ್ಡಾಮ್, ಅರಂಗಲಿ ಕಡವು ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಉರುಂಬುನ್ಕುನ್ನುದಂಚಿನ ಜಾಗೆಲು ರಜೆಟ್ ಬಯ್ಯದ ಪೊರ್ತುಡು ವಿಶ್ರಾಂತಿ ದೆತೊನೆರೆ ಎಡ್ಡೆ ಜಾಗೆ.
ಅಥಿರಪಳ್ಳಿ ಪ್ರದೇಶೊಡು ಕೇಂದ್ರೀಕೃತವಾದ್ ಉಪ್ಪುನ ಚಿತ್ರ ಚಿತ್ರೀಕರಣೊಗು ಚಾಲಕುಡಿಲಾ ಮಸ್ತ್ ಜನಪ್ರಿಯ ಆತ್ಂಡ್. ಜಲಪಾತೊಲು ತಮನ್ನಾ ಭಾಟಿಯಾ, [[ಐಶ್ವರ್ಯಾ ರೈ|ಐಶ್ವರ್ಯ ರೈ ಬಚ್ಚನ್]] ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪ್ರೀತಿ ಜಿಂಟಾ ನಂಚಿನ ನಟಿಯೆರೆನ ಐಕಾನಿಕ್, ಗ್ಲಾಮರಸ್ ದೃಶ್ಯೊಲೆಗ್ ಪುನರಾವರ್ತಿತ ಹಿನ್ನೆಲೆ ಆದುಂಡು
== ಉದ್ಯಮ, ವಾಣಿಜ್ಯ, ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಕೃಷಿ ==
ಒಂಜಿ ಕಾಲೊಡು ಟ್ರಾವಂಕೂರ್ ಟ್ಯಾನರಿಸ್, ಕೊಚ್ಚಿನ್ ಪಾಟರೀಸ್, ಟ್ರಾಮ್ ವರ್ಕ್ ಶಾಪ್, ಕೊಚ್ಚಿನ್ ರಬ್ಬರ್ ವರ್ಕ್ಸ್, ಕೊಚ್ಚಿನ್ ಕೆಮಿಕಲ್ಸ್, ಟ್ಯಾಪಿಯೋಕಾ ಪ್ರೊಡಕ್ಟ್ಸ್ ಆಫ್ ಇಂಡಿಯಾ, ಶ್ರೀನಿವಾಸ್ ಟಿಂಬರ್ ಪ್ರೊಡಕ್ಟ್ಸ್, ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಒಂಜಿ ಪ್ಲೈವುಡ್ ಫ್ಯಾಕ್ಟರಿ ಇಂಚಿನ ಕೆಲವು ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಕೈಗಾರಿಕೆಲೆಗ್ ನೆಲೆಯಾತಿನ ಕಾಲೊಡು ಇತ್ತೆ ಚಾಲಕುಡಿಡ್ ಒಂಜಿ ಮುಷ್ಟಿ ಕೈಗಾರಿಕಾ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆಲು ಮಾತ್ರ ಉಂಡು. ಇಂಚ ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡಲಾ, ಜೀವನದ ಗುಣಮಟ್ಟದ ಸೂಚಕೊಲೆಡ್ ಚಲಕುಡಿ ಕೇರಳೊದ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಊರುಲೆಡ್ ಒಂಜಿ ಸ್ಥಾನೊಡು ಉಂಡು. ರಾಜ್ಯೊಡು ರಿಂದ ಜಾಸ್ತಿ ಮದ್ಯ ಮಾರಾಟ ಆಯಿನ ದಾಖಲೆಲಾ ಈ ಊರುಡು ಉಂಡು.
ದುಂಬುದ ಕಾಲೊಡು ಕುನ್ನತಂಗಡಿ ಚಂಠ ಪನ್ಪಿನ ಚಾಲಕುಡಿ ಮಾರುಕಟ್ಟೆ ಪ್ರಧಾನ ವ್ಯಾಪಾರದ ಕೇಂದ್ರ ಆದಿತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಆಂಡಲಾ, ರಸ್ತೆ ಮೂಲಸೌಕರ್ಯೊಲೆನ ವಿಸ್ತರಣೆಡ್ದ್ ಅಯಿತ ಕುಸಿತ ಬತ್ತ್ಂಡ್. ಮಾರುಕಟ್ಟೆನ್ ಪುನರುಜ್ಜೀವನ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಪ್ರಯತ್ನೊಲು ೧೯೨೮ಡ್ ಒಂಜಿ ಪೊಸ ಮಾರುಕಟ್ಟೆ ಸಂಕೀರ್ಣೊದ ನಿರ್ಮಾಣೊಡ್ದ್ ಸುರುವಾಂಡ್, ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಸಾಂಪ್ರದಾಯಿಕ ವಾರೊದ ಮಾರುಕಟ್ಟೆಲು ಮಂಗಳವಾರ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಶುಕ್ರವಾರೊಡು ನಡಪುಂಡು.
ಮಸ್ತ್ ವರ್ಷೊಡ್ದಿಂಚಿ, ಚಾಲಕುಡಿ ಕೇರಳೊಡು ಸತತವಾದ್ ಜಾಸ್ತಿ ವಿದೇಶಿ ಮದ್ಯದ ಮಾರಾಟೊಡು ದಾಖಲಾತ್ಂಡ್. ಚಲಕುಡಿಡ್ ವಿದೇಶಿ ಮದ್ಯದ ಮಾರಾಟ ₹ 6,385,290 ಆಂಡ್, 2023 ಡ್ ಕ್ರಿಸ್ಮಸ್ ದ ಪೊರ್ತುಡು ಮೂಜಿ ದಿನೊತ ಅವಧಿಡ್ <ref>{{Cite web|title=It's a tipsy Christmas: Bevco sold liquor worth Rs 154.77 crore in 3 days; Chalakudy in front|url=https://www.onmanorama.com/news/kerala/2023/12/25/christmas-season-liquor-sales-break-record-bevco-outlets-chalakudy-in-front.html|accessdate=18 November 2025|website=It's a tipsy Christmas: Bevco sold liquor worth Rs 154.77 crore in 3 days; Chalakudy in front|language=en}}</ref> ೨೦೦೮ ಕ್ರಿಸ್ಮಸ್ ಈವ್ ಡ್, ಚಲಕುಡಿ ರಾಜ್ಯೊಡು ₹೭೮ ಲಕ್ಷ ಮೊತ್ತೊದ ಮದ್ಯದ ಮಾರಾಟೊದ ಪಟ್ಟಿಡ್ ಮತ್ತೆ ಮುನ್ನಡೆ ಆಂಡ್. <ref>{{Cite web|title=ക്രിസ്മസിനും തലേന്നുമായി കേരളം കുടിച്ചത് 152.06 കോടിരൂപയുടെ മദ്യം; റെക്കോഡിട്ട് ബവ്കോ|url=https://www.manoramaonline.com/news/latest-news/2024/12/26/kerala-christmas-liquor-sales-beverages-corporation.html|accessdate=18 November 2025|website=ക്രിസ്മസിനും തലേന്നുമായി കേരളം കുടിച്ചത് 152.06 കോടിരൂപയുടെ മദ്യം; റെക്കോഡിട്ട് ബവ്കോ|language=ml}}</ref>
=== ಬೇತೆ ಕೈಗಾರಿಕಾ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆಲು ===
==== ಎಡ್ಡಿ ಕರೆಂಟ್ ನಿಯಂತ್ರಣೊಲು ====
ಚಾಲಕುಡಿ ದೇಶದ ಸುರುತ ಎಲೆಕ್ಟ್ರಿಕ್ ಕಾರ್ ನ್ ಅಭಿವೃದ್ಧಿ ಮಲ್ಪುನ ಮೂಲಕ ಭಾರತದ ಆಟೋಮೋಟಿವ್ ಇತಿಹಾಸೊಡು ಪ್ರವರ್ತಕ ಪಾತ್ರ ವಹಿಸಾಯಿನವು. <ref>{{Cite web|title=The Hindu : IT sparks a revolution in electric vehicles|url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/2001/09/06/stories/0806000a.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080619073121/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/2001/09/06/stories/0806000a.htm|archivedate=19 June 2008|accessdate=18 November 2025|website=www.hindu.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|last=White|first=Black and|title=Eddy Current Controls (India) Limited – India|url=http://www.eddyindia.com/about.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090630120825/http://www.eddyindia.com/about.html|archivedate=30 June 2009|accessdate=18 November 2025|website=www.eddyindia.com}}</ref> ಸುಮಾರ್ 40 ಕಾರ್ಮಿಕೆರೆನೊಟ್ಟುಗು 1971ಡ್ ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ ಆಯಿನ ಈ ಕಂಪೆನಿ [[ಡೈನಾಮೊ|ಡೈನಮೋ]] ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಬ್ಯಾಟರಿಲೆನಂಚಿನ ವಿದ್ಯುತ್ ಘಟಕೊಲೆನ ಉತ್ಪಾದನೆಡ್ ತೊಡಗಿನವು, ಸರ್ಕಾರೊಗುಲಾ ಸಾಧನೊಲೆನ್ ಸಪ್ಲೈ ಮಲ್ಪುನವು. ಕಾರ್ಮಿಕ ವಿವಾದೊಲೆನ ನಡುಟು ೧೯೮೭ಡ್ ಕಾರ್ಯಾಚರಣೆಲು ಉಂತುಂಡು ಆಂಡಲಾ, ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಪಿರ ಕಂಪೆನಿ ಬೆಂಗಳೂರುಡ್ ಕಾರ್ಯಾಚರಣೆಲೆನ್ ಪುನರಾರಂಭ ಮಲ್ತ್ಂಡ್, ಚಾಲಕುಡಿಡ್ ಸೀಮಿತ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆಲು ಮುಂದುವರಿಂಡ್.
==== ಮರತ ಉದ್ಯಮ ====
ಚಾಲಕುಡಿ ಮರತ ಉದ್ಯಮೊಗು ಮಸ್ತ್ ಪುಗರ್ತೆ ಪಡೆಯಿನವು. ಕಾಡುಲೆಡ್ದ್ ಕಡ್ಡಿಲೆನ್ ಸಾಗಿಸೆರೆ ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷೆರ್ ನಿರ್ಮಾಣ ಮಲ್ತಿನ ಟ್ರಾಮ್ ವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆ ಇತ್ತೆ ನಿಷ್ಕ್ರಿಯವಾದ್ ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡಲಾ, ಅಯಿತ ಅವಶೇಷೊಲು ಇತ್ತೆಲಾ ಉಂಡು. ಮರತ್ತ ಕರಕುಶಲ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಇಲ್ಲದ ಪೀಠೋಪಕರಣೊಲೆನ ತಯಾರಿಕೆಡ್ ತೊಡಗಿನ ಅಸಂಖ್ಯಾತ ಸಣ್ಣ ಪ್ರಮಾಣದ ಕೈಗಾರಿಕೆಲು ಈ ಪ್ರದೇಶೊಡು ಕಾರ್ಯನಿರ್ವಹಿಸಾವುಂಡು. ಚಾಲಕುಡಿ-ಕುನ್ನಾಥುನಡ್ ತಾಂತ್ರಿಕ ಸಹಕಾರಿ ಸಂಘದ ಅಡಿಟ್ ಉಪ್ಪುನ ಪೀಠೋಪಕರಣ ಘಟಕ ಸಹಕಾರಿ ಆಧಾರೊಡು ಲಾಭದಾಯಕವಾದ್ ಕಾರ್ಯನಿರ್ವಹಣೆ ಮಲ್ತೊಂದುಂಡು.
==== ಪ್ಲೈವುಡ್ ====
ಭಾರತೊಡು ಸುರುತ ಪ್ಲೈವುಡ್ ಉತ್ಪಾದನಾ ಘಟಕೊನು ಚಾಲಕುಡಿಡ್ ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್. ಸ್ಟ್ಯಾಂಡರ್ಡ್ ಫರ್ನಿಚರ್ ಕಂಪೆನಿ ಪನ್ಪಿನ ಪುದರ್ಡ್ 1943ಡ್ ವಿಕೆ ಮೆನನ್ ಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ ಮಲ್ತೆರ್, ಉಂದು ನನೊಂಜಿ ಸರ್ತಿ ಯುನೈಟೆಡ್ ಪ್ಲೈವುಡ್ ನ್ ಸ್ವಾಧೀನ ಮಲ್ತ್ಂಡ್, ಉಂದು ಇತ್ತೆ ಕಾರ್ಖಾನೆನ್ ನಿರ್ವಹಿಸವುಂಡು ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಅಯಿತ ಉತ್ಪನ್ನೊಲೆನ್ ಅಂತರರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ಮಟ್ಟೊಡು ರಫ್ತು ಮಲ್ಪುಂಡು.
== ಗಮನಾರ್ಹ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿಲು ==
* ಪಣಂಪಿಳ್ಳಿ ಗೋವಿಂದ ಮೆನನ್ ||
* ಎ ಕೆ ಲೋಹಿತಾದಾಸ್
* ಕಾಲಭವನ ಮಾಣಿ|
* ಜೋಸ್ ಪೆಲ್ಲಿಸ್ಸೆರಿ
* ಲಿಜೊ ಜೋಸ್ ಪೆಲ್ಲಿಸ್ಸೆರಿ
* ಪಿ ಕೆ ಇಟ್ಟೂಪ್
* ಆರ್ ಎಲ್ ವಿ ರಾಮಕೃಷ್ಣನ್
* ಆಂಟನಿ ತಾಚುಪರಂಬಿಲ್
* ರಾಘವನ್ ತಿರುಮುಲ್ಪದ್|
* ಪೊರಿಂಜು ವೇಲಿಯತ್
* ಸಿ ಎಸ್ ವೆಂಕೀಟೇಶ್ವರನ್
* ಬಿ ಡಿ ದೇವಸ್ಸಿ
* ಗಿರೀಶ್ ಎ.ಡಿ.
== ಉಲ್ಲೇಖೊಲು ==
{{Reflist}}
== ಬಾಹ್ಯ ಕೊಂಡಿಲು ==
{{Kerala}}
[[ವರ್ಗೊ:Articles with short description]]
[[ವರ್ಗೊ:ಪರಿಶೀಲಿಸಂದಿನ ಅನುವಾದೊಲು ಇಪ್ಪುನ ಪುಟೊಕುಲು]]
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