Wiktionary thwiktionary https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81 MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.13 case-sensitive สื่อ พิเศษ พูดคุย ผู้ใช้ คุยกับผู้ใช้ วิกิพจนานุกรม คุยเรื่องวิกิพจนานุกรม ไฟล์ คุยเรื่องไฟล์ มีเดียวิกิ คุยเรื่องมีเดียวิกิ แม่แบบ คุยเรื่องแม่แบบ วิธีใช้ คุยเรื่องวิธีใช้ หมวดหมู่ คุยเรื่องหมวดหมู่ ภาคผนวก คุยเรื่องภาคผนวก ดัชนี คุยเรื่องดัชนี สัมผัส คุยเรื่องสัมผัส อรรถาภิธาน คุยเรื่องอรรถาภิธาน TimedText TimedText talk มอดูล คุยเรื่องมอดูล Event Event talk แม่แบบ:ko-etym-Sino 10 17190 5753713 1232532 2026-08-02T02:39:44Z OctraBot 3198 แก้ ซีโน > ซิโน 5753713 wikitext text/x-wiki ศัพท์[[ซิโน-โคเรียน]]จาก {{#ifexist:{{{1}}}{{{3}}}{{{5|}}}|'''{{m|ko|{{{1}}}{{{3}}}{{{5|}}}|sc=Hani}}''', จาก&#32;}}<!-- -->'''{{m|ko|{{{1}}}|gloss={{{2|}}}|sc=Hani}}'''<!-- -->{{#if:{{{4|}}}|&#32;+ '''{{m|ko|{{{3}}}|gloss={{{4|}}}|sc=Hani}}'''}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{6|}}}|&#32;+ '''{{m|ko|{{{5}}}|gloss={{{6|}}}|sc=Hani}}'''}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{8|}}}|&#32;+ '''{{m|ko|{{{7}}}|gloss={{{8|}}}|sc=Hani}}'''}}<includeonly>[[หมวดหมู่:ศัพท์ซิโน-โคเรียน]]</includeonly><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> eraq1odwmjx204mc06cpibee980f6m5 เรา 0 19932 5753633 5713812 2026-08-01T14:53:33Z Ai Ku Karng 17824 /* ภาษาไทย */ 5753633 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also/auto}} == ภาษาไทย == === รากศัพท์ === {{inh+|th|tai-pro|*rawᴬ}}; ร่วมเชื้อสายกับ{{cog|tts|เฮา}}, {{cog|lo|ເຮົາ}}, {{cog|nod|ᩁᩮᩢᩣ}}, {{cog|khb|ᦣᧁ}}, {{cog|tdd|ᥞᥝᥰ}}, {{cog|blt|ꪹꪭꪱ}}, {{cog|shn|ႁဝ်း}}, {{cog|aho|𑜍𑜧}}, {{m|aho|𑜍𑜈𑜫}} หรือ {{m|aho|𑜍𑜧𑜈𑜫}}, {{cog|skb|โร๊}}, {{cog|za|raeuz}}, {{cog|pcc|rauz}} === การออกเสียง === {{th-pron}} === คำสรรพนาม === {{th-pronoun}} # [[สรรพนาม]][[บุรุษ]][[ที่]] 1 [[เป็น]][[คำ]][[แทน]][[ตัว]][[ผู้]][[พูด]] [[จะ]]เป็น[[คน]][[เดียว]][[หรือ]][[หลาย]]คน[[ก็]][[ได้]] [[ถ้า]]ผู้พูดเป็นคนคนเดียว [[อาจ]]พูดแทนคน[[อื่น ๆ]] [[รวม]][[ทั้ง]][[ตัวเอง]][[ด้วย]] หรืออาจพูด[[กับ]]ผู้ที่[[มี]][[ฐานะ]][[เสมอ]][[กัน]]หรือ[[ต่ำ]][[กว่า]] #: {{ux|th|เราทุกคนเป็นคนไทย}} #: {{ux|th|เรามีความเห็นอย่างนี้ เธอมีความเห็นอย่างไร}} #: {{ux|th|อธิบดีพูดกับนักการว่า ปีนี้เราจะขึ้นเงินเดือนให้ 2 ขั้น}} # สรรพนามบุรุษที่ 2 เป็นคำ[[ใช้]][[สำหรับ]]ผู้มี[[อำนาจ]]หรือ[[ผู้ใหญ่]]พูดกับ[[ผู้น้อย]] #: {{ux|th|เจ้าหน้าที่ถามผู้ต้องหาว่า เราจะรับสารภาพไหม}} ==== คำแปลภาษาอื่น ==== {{trans-top|สรรพนามบุรุษที่ 1 ใช้แทนชื่อคนหลายคน}} * เขมร: {{t+|km|យើង}} * คำเมือง: {{t+|nod|ᩁᩮᩢᩣ}} * ไทดำ: {{t+|blt|ꪹꪭꪱ}} * ไทใหญ่: {{t+|shn|ႁဝ်း}} * ลาว: {{t+|lo|ເຮົາ}} * เวียดนาม: {{t+|vi|ta}} * อังกฤษ: {{t+|en|we|tr=วี}} {{trans-bottom}} ==== ดูเพิ่ม ==== {{สรรพนามบุรุษภาษาไทยเดิม}} btmvjt4hsip0b5tzyowg3p5pss8wbsu raeuz 0 30656 5753632 5753405 2026-08-01T14:50:31Z Ai Ku Karng 17824 /* ภาษาจ้วง */ 5753632 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาจ้วง == === รากศัพท์ === {{inh+|za|tai-pro|*rawᴬ}}; ร่วมเชื้อสายกับ{{cog|th|เรา}}, {{cog|nod|ᩁᩮᩢᩣ}}, {{cog|tts|เฮา}}, {{cog|lo|ເຮົາ}}, {{cog|khb|ᦣᧁ}}, {{cog|blt|ꪹꪭꪱ}}, {{cog|shn|ႁဝ်း}}, {{cog|aho|𑜍𑜧}}, {{m|aho|𑜍𑜈𑜫}} หรือ {{m|aho|𑜍𑜧𑜈𑜫}}, {{cog|skb|โร๊}}, {{cog|pcc|rauz}} === การออกเสียง === {{za-pron}} === คำสรรพนาม === {{za-head|คำสรรพนาม}} # [[เรา]] g679c0clza2v4otmnkkwxqr8f71f82s คุยกับผู้ใช้:Revi C. 3 33181 5753684 2195799 2026-08-01T23:27:44Z Pathoschild 544 global user pages ([[m:Synchbot|requested by Revi C.]]) 5753684 wikitext text/x-wiki __NOINDEX__<div class="mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr">[[File:Revi logo (pink).png|thumb|center|<span style="color:red">PLEASE DO NOT LEAVE MESSAGE HERE!</span>]] ''' <span style="color:red"> BEFORE YOU BLOCK MY ACCOUNT: IF MY EDIT SUMMARY INCLUDE PREFIX </span>''(Script)''<span style="color:red">, DON'T BLOCK ME, JUST TELL ME TO SLOW DOWN AT COMMONS' TALK PAGE. IT IS AN AUTOMATED SCRIPT BEING USED ON COMMONS TO MOVE FILES.</span> Instead, please leave your message following site: <br /> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|45px|link=d:User talk:Revi C.]] [[d:User talk:Revi C.]] for Wikidata (Interwiki links) stuff <!--(I am {{int:Group-sysop}} there)--> <br /> [[File:Commons-logo.svg|45px|link=commons:User talk:Revi C.]] [[commons:User talk:Revi C.]] for renaming stuff or [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] action (I am {{int:Group-sysop}} there) <br /> [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo optimized.svg|45px|link=m:User talk:Revi C.]] [[meta:User talk:Revi C.]] for other stuff (User right notification, revert message, etc...) Messages left on this page may be reverted or moved without any response.</div> esxe13mcstpjlux1bt2hqwxr2v8t8mn ผู้ใช้:Revi C. 2 33531 5753685 2195800 2026-08-02T00:09:26Z Pathoschild 544 global user pages ([[m:Synchbot|requested by Revi C.]]) 5753685 wikitext text/x-wiki __NOINDEX__<div class="mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr">{{#babel:ko|en-3|th-0}} [[File:Revi wikimedia image.jpg|thumb|center|middle|If you are here to talk about CommonsDelinker removing a deleted image, please [[:c:User talk:Revi C.|go here]].]] Hello! I am [[:m:User:Revi C.|revi]]. I edit to [[m:SWMT|revert vandals]], do Wikidata stuff<!--(I am a Wikidata Admin! <small>([{{fullurl:wikidata:Special:ListUsers/Revi C.|limit=1}} Verify])</small>)-->, or do [[:c:COM:FR|Commons Filemoving stuff]] (I am Commons Admin too! <small>([{{fullurl:c:Special:ListUsers/Revi C.|limit=1}} Verify])</small>). Come to [[:m:User:Revi C.|my Meta userpage]] or [[:c:User:Revi C.|my Commons userpage]] for more information. Thank you.</div> legbntr13lanw7sfdk95hw20vl8k5pm ผู้ใช้:OctraBot 2 33633 5753667 5723620 2026-08-01T16:07:05Z OctraBot 3198 5753667 wikitext text/x-wiki {{bot|Octahedron80|status=active}} '''OctraBot''' เป็น[[วิกิพีเดีย:บอต|บอต]]ของ Octahedron80 เพื่อการแก้ไขจำนวนมาก เช่น เก็บกวาดเนื้อหาทั่วไป แก้การสะกด นำเข้ารายการจากวิกิอื่น อย่างไรก็ตามบอตนี้เป็นแบบกึ่งอัตโนมัติ หมายความว่า บอตจะทำงานที่ได้มอบหมายตามสั่ง ไม่ได้ทำงานตลอดเวลา และงานก็อาจไม่เหมือนเดิมทุกครั้ง ถ้าบอตนี้ทำงานผิดพลาด สามารถกดย้อนกลับได้ และกรุณาช่วยแจ้งความผิดพลาดแก่เจ้าของบอตด้วย OctraBot ใช้ [[:mw:pywikibot|pywikibot]] เป็นหลัก เพื่อความสะดวกรวดเร็ว และมีชุมชนคอยช่วยอัปเดตตลอดเวลา * [[/กระบะทราย]] * [[/กระบะทราย1]] * [[/กระบะทราย2]] * [[ผู้ใช้:Octahedron80/กระบะทราย3]] 3jilzagigarho1fe7ap43m2ygjoqljc เปาะเปี๊ยะ 0 34052 5753734 1903877 2026-08-02T11:05:36Z ยุทธนาสาระขันธ์ 6444 /* คำนาม */ 5753734 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาไทย == {{wp}} [[ไฟล์:Loenpia Semarang with sauce.JPG|thumbnail|330px|เปาะเปี๊ยะสดและเปาะเปี๊ยะทอดในอินโดนีเซีย]] === รากศัพท์ === {{bor+|th|nan-hbl|薄餅|tr=po̍h-piáⁿ}} === การออกเสียง === {{th-pron|เปาะ-เปี๊ยะ}} === คำนาม === {{th-noun}} # ชื่ออาหารชนิดหนึ่ง โดยนำ[[แป้งสาลี]]มาทำให้สุกเป็นแผ่นกลมบาง ๆ เรียกว่า "แผ่นเปาะเปี๊ยะ" แล้วห่อ[[ถั่วงอก]]ลวก หมูตั้งหรือ[[กุนเชียง]] ชิ้น[[เต้าหู้]]ต้มเค็ม และ[[แตงกวา]] ราดด้วยน้ำปรุงรสข้น ๆ รสหวานเค็ม โรยหน้าด้วยเนื้อปูและไข่หั่นฝอย หรือห่อรวมไว้ในแผ่นเปาะเปี๊ยะก็ได้ กินกับต้นหอมและพริกสด เรียกว่า "เปาะเปี๊ยะสด", ชนิดที่ใช้แผ่นเปาะเปี๊ยะห่อไส้ที่ประกอบด้วย[[วุ้นเส้น]] ถั่วงอก เนื้อไก่หรือหมูสับ เป็นต้นที่ลวกสุก แล้วนำไปทอด กินกับผักสดต่าง ๆ เช่น ใบ[[โหระพา]] [[สะระแหน่]] และน้ำจิ้มใสรสหวานอมเปรี้ยว เรียกว่า "เปาะเปี๊ยะทอด" ==== คำแปลภาษาอื่น ==== {{trans-top|ชื่ออาหาร}} * [[ภาษาจีน|จีน]]: ** [[ภาษาจีนกวางตุ้ง|จีนกวางตุ้ง]]: [[春捲]], [[春卷]] (ceon1 gyun2) ** [[ภาษาจีนกลาง|จีนกลาง]]: 春捲, 春卷 (chūnjuǎn) <sup>[[:zh:春卷| (zh)]]</sup> * [[ภาษาเดนมาร์ก|เดนมาร์ก]]: [[forårsrulle]]<sup>[[:da:forårsrulle| (da)]]</sup> * [[ภาษาดัตช์|ดัตช์]]: [[loempia]]<sup>[[:nl:loempia| (nl)]]</sup> * [[ภาษาอังกฤษ|อังกฤษ]]: [[spring roll]]<sup>[[:en:spring roll| (en)]]</sup> * [[ภาษาฟินแลนด์|ฟินแลนด์]]: [[kevätkääryle]]<sup>[[:fi:kevätkääryle| (fi)]]</sup> * [[ภาษาฝรั่งเศส|ฝรั่งเศส]]: [[rouleau de printemps]]<sup>[[:fr:rouleau de printemps| (fr)]]</sup> * [[ภาษาเยอรมัน|เยอรมัน]]: [[Frühlingsrolle]]<sup>[[:de:Frühlingsrolle| (de)]]</sup> * [[ภาษาอินโดนีเซีย|อินโดนีเซีย]]: [[lumpia]]<sup>[[:id:lumpia| (id)]]</sup> * [[ภาษาอิตาลี|อิตาลี]]: [[involtino primavera]]<sup>[[:it:involtino primavera| (it)]]</sup> * [[ภาษาญี่ปุ่น|ญี่ปุ่น]]: [[春巻き]] (はるまき, harumaki) <sup>[[:ja:春巻き| (ja)]]</sup> * [[ภาษาเกาหลี|เกาหลี]]: [[춘권]] (chungwon) <sup>[[:ko:춘권| (ko)]]</sup>, [[춘권피]] (chungwonpi) <sup>[[:ko:춘권피| (ko)]]</sup> * [[ภาษาโปรตุเกส|โปรตุเกส]]: [[rolinho-primavera]]<sup>[[:pt:rolinho-primavera| (pt)]]</sup> * [[ภาษารัสเซีย|รัสเซีย]]: [[спринг-ролл]] (spring-róll) <sup>[[:ru:спринг-ролл| (ru)]]</sup>, [[весенний рулет]] (vesénnij rulét) <sup>[[:ru:весенний рулет| (ru)]]</sup> * [[ภาษาสเปน|สเปน]]: [[rollito de primavera]]<sup>[[:es:rollito de primavera| (es)]]</sup> * [[ภาษาสวีเดน|สวีเดน]]: [[vårrulle]]<sup>[[:sv:vårrulle| (sv)]]</sup> * [[ภาษาเวียดนาม|เวียดนาม]]: [[nem rán]]<sup>[[:vi:nem rán| (vi)]]</sup>, [[chả giò]]<sup>[[:vi:chả giò| (vi)]]</sup> (เวียดนามใต้) {{trans-bottom}} {{topics|th|อาหาร}} e744dkjzz4ep6cjpmr1q5jod2qvsv7j มอดูล:languages/data/exceptional 828 36360 5753711 5726537 2026-08-02T02:37:27Z OctraBot 3198 แก้ ซีโน > ซิโน 5753711 Scribunto text/plain local m_langdata = require("Module:languages/data") -- Loaded on demand, as it may not be needed (depending on the data). local function u(...) u = require("Module:string utilities").char return u(...) end local c = m_langdata.chars local p = m_langdata.puaChars local s = m_langdata.shared local m = {} m["aav-khs-pro"] = { "คาเซียนดั้งเดิม", 116773216, "aav-khs", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["aav-nic-pro"] = { "นิโคบารีสดั้งเดิม", 116773793, "aav-nic", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["aav-pkl-pro"] = { "ปนัร-คาซี-ลึงงัมดั้งเดิม", 116773259, "aav-pkl", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["aav-pro"] = { -- mkh-pro will merge into this "ออสโตรเอเชียติกดั้งเดิม", 116773186, "aav", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["afa-pro"] = { "แอฟโฟรเอเชียติกดั้งเดิม", 269125, "afa", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["alg-aga"] = { "Agawam", nil, "alg-eas", "Latn", } m["alg-pro"] = { "แอลกองเคียนดั้งเดิม", -- silent u 7251834, "alg", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", sort_key = {remove_diacritics = "·"}, } m["alv-ama"] = { "Amasi", 4740400, "nic-grs", "Latn", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.tilde .. c.macron}, } m["alv-bgu"] = { "Baïnounk Gubëeher", 17002646, "alv-bny", "Latn", } m["alv-bua-pro"] = { "Proto-Bua", 116773723, "alv-bua", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["alv-cng-pro"] = { "Proto-Cangin", 116773726, "alv-cng", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["alv-edo-pro"] = { "Proto-Edoid", 116773206, "alv-edo", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["alv-fli-pro"] = { "Proto-Fali", 116773754, "alv-fli", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["alv-gbe-pro"] = { "กเบดั้งเดิม", 116773208, "alv-gbe", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["alv-gng-pro"] = { "Proto-Guang", 116773757, "alv-gng", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["alv-gtm-pro"] = { "Proto-Central Togo", 116773732, "alv-gtm", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["alv-gwa"] = { "Gwara", 16945580, "nic-pla", "Latn", } m["alv-hei-pro"] = { "Proto-Heiban", 116773760, "alv-hei", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["alv-ido-pro"] = { "Proto-Idomoid", 116773764, "alv-ido", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["alv-igb-pro"] = { "Proto-Igboid", 116773765, "alv-igb", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["alv-kwa-pro"] = { "Proto-Kwa", 116773780, "alv-kwa", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["alv-mum-pro"] = { "Proto-Mumuye", 116773791, "alv-mum", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["alv-nup-pro"] = { "Proto-Nupoid", 116773795, "alv-nup", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["alv-pro"] = { "แอตแลนติก-คองโกดั้งเดิม", 116732838, "alv", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["alv-edk-pro"] = { "Proto-Edekiri", nil, "alv-edk", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["alv-yor-pro"] = { "โยรูบาดั้งเดิม", nil, "alv-yor", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["alv-yrd-pro"] = { "โยรูบอยด์ดั้งเดิม", 116773824, "alv-yrd", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["alv-von-pro"] = { "วอลตา-ไนเจอร์ดั้งเดิม", 116773820, "alv-von", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["apa-pro"] = { "Proto-Apachean", 116773135, "apa", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["aql-pro"] = { "แอลจิกดั้งเดิม", 18389588, "aql", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", sort_key = {remove_diacritics = "·"}, } m["art-adu"] = { "Adûni", 1232159, "art", "Latn", type = "appendix-constructed", } m["art-bel"] = { "Belter Creole", 108055510, "art", "Latn", type = "appendix-constructed", sort_key = { remove_diacritics = c.acute, from = {"ɒ"}, to = {"a"}, }, } m["art-blk"] = { "Bolak", 2909283, "art", "Latn", type = "appendix-constructed", } m["art-bsp"] = { "แบล็กสปีช", 686210, "art", "Latn, Teng", type = "appendix-constructed", } m["art-com"] = { "Communicationssprache", 35227, "art", "Latn", type = "appendix-constructed", } m["art-dtk"] = { "Dothraki", 2914733, "art", "Latn", type = "appendix-constructed", } m["art-elo"] = { "Eloi", nil, "art", "Latn", type = "appendix-constructed", } m["art-gld"] = { "Goa'uld", 19823, "art", "Latn, Egyp, Mero", type = "appendix-constructed", } m["art-lap"] = { "Lapine", 6488195, "art", "Latn", type = "appendix-constructed", } m["art-man"] = { "Mandalorian", 54289, "art", "Latn", type = "appendix-constructed", } m["art-mun"] = { "Mundolinco", 851355, "art", "Latn", type = "appendix-constructed", } m["art-nav"] = { "Naʼvi", 316939, "art", "Latn", type = "appendix-constructed", } m["art-vlh"] = { "High Valyrian", 64483808, "art", "Latn", type = "appendix-constructed", } m["ath-nic"] = { "Nicola", 20609, "ath-nor", "Latn", } m["ath-pro"] = { "Proto-Athabaskan", 104841722, "ath", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["auf-pro"] = { "Proto-Arawa", 116773706, "auf", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["aus-alu"] = { "Alungul", 16827670, "aus-pmn", "Latn", } m["aus-and"] = { "Andjingith", 4754509, "aus-pmn", "Latn", } m["aus-ang"] = { "Angkula", 16828520, "aus-pmn", "Latn", } m["aus-arn-pro"] = { "Proto-Arnhem", 116773720, "aus-arn", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["aus-bra"] = { "Barranbinya", 4863220, "aus-pmn", "Latn", } m["aus-brm"] = { "Barunggam", 4865914, "aus-pmn", "Latn", } m["aus-cww-pro"] = { "Proto-Central New South Wales", 116773199, "aus-cww", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["aus-dal-pro"] = { "Proto-Daly", 116773743, "aus-dal", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["aus-guw"] = { "Guwar", 6652138, "aus-pam", "Latn", } m["aus-lsw"] = { "Little Swanport", 6652138, "qfa-unc", "Latn", } m["aus-mbi"] = { "Mbiywom", 6799701, "aus-pmn", "Latn", } m["aus-ngk"] = { "Ngkoth", 7022405, "aus-pmn", "Latn", } m["aus-nyu-pro"] = { "Proto-Nyulnyulan", 116773797, "aus-nyu", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["aus-pam-pro"] = { "Proto-Pama-Nyungan", 33942, "aus-pam", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["aus-tul"] = { "Tulua", 16938541, "aus-pam", "Latn", } m["aus-uwi"] = { "Uwinymil", 7903995, "aus-arn", "Latn", } m["aus-wdj-pro"] = { "Proto-Iwaidjan", 116773767, "aus-wdj", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["aus-won"] = { "Wong-gie", nil, "aus-pam", "Latn", } m["aus-wul"] = { "Wulguru", 8039196, "aus-dyb", "Latn", } m["aus-ynk"] = { -- contrast nny "Yangkaal", 3913770, "aus-tnk", "Latn", } m["awd-amc-pro"] = { "Proto-Amuesha-Chamicuro", nil, "awd", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["awd-kmp-pro"] = { "Proto-Kampa", nil, "awd", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["awd-prw-pro"] = { "Proto-Paresi-Waura", nil, "awd", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["awd-ama"] = { "Amarizana", 16827787, "awd", "Latn", } m["awd-ana"] = { "Anauyá", 16828252, "awd", "Latn", } m["awd-apo"] = { "Apolista", 16916645, "awd", "Latn", } m["awd-cab"] = { "Cabre", 16850160, "awd", "Latn", } m["awd-gnu"] = { "Guinau", 3504087, "awd", "Latn", } m["awd-kar"] = { "Cariay", 16920253, "awd", "Latn", } m["awd-kaw"] = { "Kawishana", 6379993, "awd-nwk", "Latn", } m["awd-kus"] = { "Kustenau", 5196293, "awd", "Latn", } m["awd-man"] = { "Manao", 6746920, "awd", "Latn", } m["awd-mar"] = { "Marawan", 6755108, "awd", "Latn", } m["awd-mpr"] = { "Maipure", 6736872, "awd", "Latn", } m["awd-mrt"] = { "Mariaté", 16910017, "awd-nwk", "Latn", } m["awd-nwk-pro"] = { "Proto-Nawiki", 116773234, "awd-nwk", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["awd-pai"] = { "Paikoneka", 128807835, "awd", "Latn", } m["awd-pas"] = { "Pasé", 7143168, "awd-nwk", "Latn", } m["awd-pro"] = { "Proto-Arawak", 97573478, "awd", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["awd-she"] = { "Shebayo", 7492248, "awd", "Latn", } m["awd-taa-pro"] = { "Proto-Ta-Arawak", 116773282, "awd-taa", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["awd-wai"] = { "Wainumá", 16910017, "awd-nwk", "Latn", } m["awd-yum"] = { "Yumana", 8061062, "awd-nwk", "Latn", } m["azc-caz"] = { "Cazcan", 5055514, "azc", "Latn", } m["azc-cup-pro"] = { "Proto-Cupan", 116773738, "azc-cup", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["azc-ktn"] = { "Kitanemuk", 3197558, "azc-tak", "Latn", } m["azc-nah-pro"] = { "นาวันดั้งเดิม", 7251860, "azc-nah", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["azc-num-pro"] = { "Proto-Numic", 116773247, "azc-num", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["azc-pro"] = { "ยูโต-แอซเทกันดั้งเดิม", 96400333, "azc", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["azc-tak-pro"] = { "Proto-Takic", 116773283, "azc-tak", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["azc-tat"] = { "Tataviam", 743736, "azc", "Latn", } m["ber-pro"] = { "เบอร์เบอร์ดั้งเดิม", 2855698, "ber", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["ber-fog"] = { "Fogaha", 107610173, "ber", "Latn", } m["ber-zuw"] = { "Zuwara", 4117169, "ber", "Latn", } m["bnt-bal"] = { "Balong", 93935237, "bnt-bbo", "Latn", } m["bnt-bon"] = { "Boma Nkuu", nil, "bnt", "Latn", } m["bnt-boy"] = { "Boma Yumu", nil, "bnt", "Latn", } m["bnt-bwa"] = { "Bwala", 128810345, "bnt-tek", "Latn", } m["bnt-cmw"] = { "Chimwiini", 4958328, "bnt-swh", "Latn", } m["bnt-ind"] = { "Indanga", 51412803, "bnt", "Latn", } m["bnt-lal"] = { "Lala (South Africa)", 6480154, "bnt-ngu", "Latn", } m["bnt-mpi"] = { "Mpiin", 93937013, "bnt-bdz", "Latn", } m["bnt-mpu"] = { "Mpuono", -- not to be confused with Mbuun zmp 36056, "bnt", "Latn", } m["bnt-ngu-pro"] = { "งูนีดั้งเดิม", 961559, "bnt-ngu", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", sort_key = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.caron}, } m["bnt-phu"] = { "Phuthi", 33796, "bnt-ngu", "Latn", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute}, } m["bnt-pro"] = { "แบนทูดั้งเดิม", 3408025, "bnt", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", sort_key = "bnt-pro-sortkey", } m["bnt-sab-pro"] = { "Proto-Sabaki", nil, -- Q2209395 is the code for the Sabaki family "bnt-sab", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["bnt-sbo"] = { "South Boma", nil, "bnt", "Latn", } m["bnt-sts-pro"] = { "Proto-Sotho-Tswana", 116773278, "bnt-sts", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["btk-pro"] = { "Proto-Batak", 116773191, "btk", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["cau-abz-pro"] = { "Proto-Abkhaz-Abaza", 7251831, "cau-abz", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["cau-and-pro"] = { "Proto-Andian", nil, "cau-and", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["cau-ava-pro"] = { "Proto-Avaro-Andian", 116773187, "cau-ava", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["cau-cir-pro"] = { "Proto-Circassian", 7251838, "cau-cir", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["cau-drg-pro"] = { "Proto-Dargwa", 116773205, "cau-drg", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["cau-lzg-pro"] = { "Proto-Lezghian", 116773223, "cau-lzg", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["cau-nec-pro"] = { "คอเคเซียนตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือดั้งเดิม", 116773244, "cau-nec", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["cau-nkh-pro"] = { "นัคดั้งเดิม", 108032840, "cau-nkh", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["cau-nwc-pro"] = { "คอเคเซียนตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือดั้งเดิม", 7251861, "cau-nwc", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["cau-tsz-pro"] = { "Proto-Tsezian", 116773287, "cau-tsz", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["cba-ata"] = { "Atanques", 4812783, "cba", "Latn", } m["cba-cat"] = { "Catío Chibcha", 7083619, "cba", "Latn", } m["cba-dor"] = { "Dorasque", 5297532, "cba", "Latn", } m["cba-dui"] = { "Duit", 3041061, "cba", "Latn", } m["cba-hue"] = { "Huetar", 35514, "cba", "Latn", } m["cba-nut"] = { "Nutabe", 7070405, "cba", "Latn", } m["cba-pro"] = { "Proto-Chibchan", 116773203, "cba", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["ccs-pro"] = { "คาร์ทเวเลียนดั้งเดิม", 2608203, "ccs", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", strip_diacritics = { from = {"q̣", "p̣", "ʓ", "ċ"}, to = {"q̇", "ṗ", "ʒ", "c̣"} }, } m["ccs-gzn-pro"] = { "จอร์เจียน-แซนดั้งเดิม", 23808119, "ccs-gzn", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", strip_diacritics = { from = {"q̣", "p̣", "ʓ", "ċ"}, to = {"q̇", "ṗ", "ʒ", "c̣"} }, } m["cdc-cbm-pro"] = { "ชาดิกตอนกลางดั้งเดิม", 116773197, "cdc-cbm", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["cdc-mas-pro"] = { "Proto-Masa", 116773789, "cdc-mas", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["cdc-pro"] = { "ชาดิกดั้งเดิม", 116773201, "cdc", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["cdd-pro"] = { "Proto-Caddoan", 116773725, "cdd", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["cel-bry-pro"] = { "บริทอนิกดั้งเดิม", 1248800, "cel-bry", "Latn, Polyt", sort_key = { Latn = "cel-bry-pro-sortkey", }, -- Polyt translit, display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["cel-gal"] = { "Gallaecian", 3094789, "cel-his", } m["cel-gau"] = { "กอล", 29977, "cel", "Latn, Polyt, Ital", strip_diacritics = { Latn = {remove_diacritics = c.macron .. c.breve .. c.diaer}, }, sort_key = { Latn = "cel-bry-pro-sortkey", }, -- Ital translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] -- Polyt translit, display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["cel-pro"] = { "เคลติกดั้งเดิม", 653649, "cel", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", sort_key = "cel-pro-sortkey", } m["chi-pro"] = { "Proto-Chimakuan", 116773734, "chi", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["chm-pro"] = { "Proto-Mari", 116773788, "chm", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["cmc-pro"] = { "จามิกดั้งเดิม", 114793834, "cmc", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["crp-bip"] = { "Basque-Icelandic Pidgin", 810378, "crp", "Latn", ancestors = "eu", } m["crp-gep"] = { "West Greenlandic Pidgin", 17036301, "crp", "Latn", ancestors = "kl", } m["crp-kia"] = { "Kiautschou German Pidgin", 108314615, "crp", "Latn", ancestors = "de", } m["crp-mar"] = { "Maroon Spirit Language", 1093206, "crp", "Latn", ancestors = "en", } m["crp-mpp"] = { "Macau Pidgin Portuguese", 128804537, "crp", "Hant, Latn", ancestors = "pt", sort_key = {Hant = "Hani-sortkey"}, } m["crp-rsn"] = { "Russenorsk", 505125, "crp", "Cyrl, Latn", ancestors = "nn, ru", translit = {Cyrl = "ru-translit"}, } m["crp-spp"] = { "Samoan Plantation Pidgin", 7409948, "crp", "Latn", ancestors = "en", } m["crp-slb"] = { "Solombala English", 7558525, "crp", "Cyrl, Latn", ancestors = "en, ru", translit = {Cyrl = "ru-translit"}, } m["crp-tpr"] = { "Taimyr Pidgin Russian", 16930506, "crp", "Cyrl", ancestors = "ru", translit = "ru-translit", } m["csu-bba-pro"] = { "Proto-Bongo-Bagirmi", 116773722, "csu-bba", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["csu-maa-pro"] = { "Proto-Mangbetu", 116773786, "csu-maa", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["csu-pro"] = { "Proto-Central Sudanic", 116773730, "csu", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["csu-sar-pro"] = { "Proto-Sara", 116773809, "csu-sar", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["cus-ash"] = { "Ashraaf", 4805855, "cus-som", "Latn", } m["cus-hec-pro"] = { "Proto-Highland East Cushitic", 116773761, "cus-hec", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["cus-som-pro"] = { "โซมาลอยด์ดั้งเดิม", nil, "cus-som", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["cus-sou-pro"] = { "Proto-South Cushitic", 126081567, "cus-sou", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["cus-pro"] = { "Proto-Cushitic", 116773204, "cus", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["dmn-dam"] = { "Dama (Sierra Leone)", 19601574, "dmn", "Latn", } m["dra-bry"] = { "Beary", 1089116, "qfa-mix", "Mlym, Knda", ancestors = "ml, tcy", -- Knda translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] -- Mlym translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["dra-cen-pro"] = { "ดราวิเดียนตอนกลางดั้งเดิม", nil, "dra-cen", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["dra-mkn"] = { "Middle Kannada", 128810572, "dra-kan", "Knda", -- Knda translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["dra-nor-pro"] = { "ดราวิเดียนเหนือดั้งเดิม", 124433593, "dra-nor", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["dra-okn"] = { "Old Kannada", 15723156, "dra-kan", "Knda", -- Knda translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["dra-ote"] = { "Old Telugu", 126720868, "dra-tel", "Telu", translit = "Telu-translit", } m["dra-pro"] = { "ดราวิเดียนดั้งเดิม", 1702853, "dra", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["dra-sdo-pro"] = { "ดราวิเดียนใต้ที่หนึ่งดั้งเดิม", 104847952, -- Wikipedia's "Proto-South Dravidian" is Proto-South Dravidian I in this scheme. "dra-sdo", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["dra-sdt-pro"] = { "ดราวิเดียนใต้ที่สองดั้งเดิม", 128885257, "dra-sdt", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["dra-sou-pro"] = { "ดราวิเดียนใต้ดั้งเดิม", 128886121, "dra-sou", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["egx-dem"] = { "Demotic Egyptian", 36765, "egx", "Latn, Egyd, Polyt", sort_key = { Latn = { remove_diacritics = "'%-%s", from = {"ꜣ", "j", "e", "ꜥ", "y", "w", "b", "p", "f", "m", "n", "r", "l", "ḥ", "ḫ", "h̭", "ẖ", "h", "š", "s", "q", "k", "g", "ṱ", "ṯ", "t", "ḏ", "%.", "⸗"}, to = {p[1], p[2], p[3], p[4], p[5], p[6], p[7], p[8], p[9], p[10], p[11], p[12], p[13], p[15], p[16], p[16], p[17], p[14], p[19], p[18], p[20], p[21], p[22], p[23], p[24], p[23], p[25], p[26], p[26]} }, }, -- Polyt translit, display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["dmn-pro"] = { "Proto-Mande", 116773785, "dmn", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["dmn-mdw-pro"] = { "Proto-Western Mande", 116773822, "dmn-mdw", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["dru-pro"] = { "Proto-Rukai", 116773807, "map", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["ero-gsz"] = { "Geshiza", nil, "ero", "Latn", } m["ero-nya"] = { "Nyagrong Minyag", nil, "ero", "Latn", } m["ero-tau"] = { "Stau", nil, "ero", "Latn", } m["esx-esk-pro"] = { "เอสกิโมดั้งเดิม", 7251842, "esx-esk", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["esx-ink"] = { "Inuktun", 1671647, "esx-inu", "Latn", } m["esx-inq"] = { "Inuinnaqtun", 28070, "esx-inu", "Latn", } m["esx-inu-pro"] = { "อินุอิตดั้งเดิม", 60785588, "esx-inu", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["esx-pro"] = { "Proto-Eskimo-Aleut", 7251843, "esx", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["esx-tut"] = { "Tunumiisut", 15665389, "esx-inu", "Latn", } m["euq-pro"] = { "บาสก์ดั้งเดิม", 938011, "euq", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["gba-pro"] = { "Proto-Gbaya", nil, "gba", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["gem-pro"] = { "เจอร์แมนิกดั้งเดิม", 669623, "gem", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", sort_key = "gem-pro-sortkey", } m["gme-bur"] = { "Burgundian", 47625, "gme", "Latn", } m["gme-cgo"] = { "กอทแบบไครเมีย", 36211, "gme", "Latn", } m["gmq-gut"] = { "Gutnish", 1256646, "gmq", "Latn", ancestors = "gmq-ogt", } m["gmq-jmk"] = { "Jamtish", 35512, "gmq-eas", "Latn", } m["gmq-mno"] = { "นอร์เวย์กลาง", 3417070, "gmq-wes", "Latn", } m["gmq-oda"] = { "เดนมาร์กเก่า", 12330003, "gmq-eas", "Latn, Runr", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.macron}, } m["gmq-ogt"] = { "Old Gutnish", 1133488, "gmq", "Latn, Runr", ancestors = "non", } m["gmq-osw"] = { "สวีเดนเก่า", 2417210, "gmq-eas", "Latn, Runr", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.macron}, } m["gmq-pro"] = { "นอร์สดั้งเดิม", 1671294, "gmq", "Runr", translit = "Runr-translit", } m["gmq-scy"] = { "Scanian", 768017, "gmq-eas", "Latn", } m["gmw-bgh"] = { "Bergish", 329030, "gmw-frk", "Latn", } m["gmw-cfr"] = { "ฟรังโกเนียตอนกลาง", 572197, "gmw-hgm", "Latn", ancestors = "gmh", wikimedia_codes = "ksh", } m["gmw-ecg"] = { "เยอรมันตอนกลางตะวันออก", 499344, -- subsumes Q699284, Q152965 "gmw-hgm", "Latn", ancestors = "gmh", } m["gmw-fin"] = { "Fingallian", 3072588, "gmw-ian", "Latn", } m["gmw-gts"] = { "Gottscheerish", 533109, "gmw-hgm", "Latn", ancestors = "bar", } m["gmw-jdt"] = { "Jersey Dutch", 1687911, "gmw-frk", "Latn", ancestors = "nl", } m["gmw-msc"] = { "Middle Scots", 3327000, "gmw-ang", "Latn", ancestors = "enm-esc", } m["gmw-pro"] = { "เจอร์แมนิกตะวันตกดั้งเดิม", 78079021, "gmw", "Latn, Runr", -- type = "reconstructed", -- largely but not entirely reconstructed (like Proto-Norse); see April '24 BP, set back to reconstructed (?) if 'anti-asterisk' is added sort_key = "gmw-pro-sortkey", } m["gmw-rfr"] = { "ฟรังโกเนียแบบไรน์", 707007, "gmw-hgm", "Latn", ancestors = "gmh", } m["gmw-stm"] = { "Sathmar Swabian", 2223059, "gmw-hgm", "Latn", ancestors = "swg", } m["gmw-tsx"] = { "Transylvanian Saxon", 260942, "gmw-hgm", "Latn", ancestors = "gmw-cfr", } m["gmw-vog"] = { "เยอรมันแบบว็อลกา", 312574, "gmw-hgm", "Latn", ancestors = "gmw-rfr", } m["gmw-zps"] = { "เยอรมันแบบซิพเซอร์", 205548, "gmw-hgm", "Latn", ancestors = "gmh", } m["gn-cls"] = { "กัวรานีคลาสสิก", 17478065, "gn", "Latn", } m["grk-cal"] = { "Calabrian Greek", 1146398, "grk", "Latn, Grek", ancestors = "grk-ita", translit = { Grek = "el-translit", }, -- Grek display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["grk-ita"] = { "Italiot Greek", 19720507, "grk", "Latn, Grek", ancestors = "gkm", translit = { Grek = "el-translit", }, -- Grek display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["grk-mar"] = { "Mariupol Greek", 4400023, "grk", "Cyrl, Latn, Grek", ancestors = "gkm", translit = { Cyrl = "grk-mar-translit", Grek = "grk-mar-translit", }, override_translit = true, strip_diacritics = { Cyrl = {remove_diacritics = c.acute}, }, -- Grek display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["grk-pro"] = { "เฮลเลนิกดั้งเดิม", 1231805, "grk", "Latn, Polyt", type = "reconstructed", sort_key = {Latn = { from = {"ʰ", "ʷ"}, to = {"h", "w"}, remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.macron .. c.breve .. c.caron }}, -- Polyt translit, display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] -- NOTE: formerly no translit specified for Polyt; presumably an accidental omission; if not, set Polyt = false in -- the translit section } m["hmn-pro"] = { "ม้งดั้งเดิม", 116773210, "hmn", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["hmx-mie-pro"] = { "เมี่ยนดั้งเดิม", 116773229, "hmx-mie", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["hmx-pro"] = { "ม้ง-เมี่ยนดั้งเดิม", 7251846, "hmx", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["hyx-pro"] = { "อาร์มีเนียนดั้งเดิม", 3848498, "hyx", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["iir-nur-pro"] = { "Proto-Nuristani", 116773248, "iir-nur", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["iir-pro"] = { "อินโด-อิเรเนียนดั้งเดิม", 966439, "iir", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["ijo-pro"] = { "Proto-Ijoid", 116773766, "ijo", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["inc-apa"] = { "Apabhramsa", 616419, "inc-mid", "Deva, Shrd, Sidd", ancestors = "pra", translit = { Deva = "Deva-translit", -- Shrd translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] -- Sidd translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] }, } m["inc-ash"] = { "ปรากฤตแบบอโศก", 104854379, "inc-mid", "Brah, Khar", ancestors = "sa", translit = { -- Brah translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] Khar = "Khar-translit", }, } m["inc-dng-pro"] = { "Proto-Dangari", nil, "inc-dng", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["inc-kam"] = { "กามรูป", 6356097, "inc-bas", "Brah, Sidd", -- Brah, Sidd translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["inc-kho"] = { "Kholosi", 24952008, "inc-snd", "Latn", } m["inc-krd-pro"] = { "Proto-Kamta", 128816843, "inc-bas", "Latn", ancestors = "inc-kam", type = "reconstructed", } m["inc-mas"] = { "อัสสัมกลาง", 128806836, "inc-bas", "as-Beng", ancestors = "inc-oas", translit = "Beng-translit", } m["inc-mbn"] = { "เบงกอลกลาง", 113559927, "inc-bas", "Beng", ancestors = "inc-obn", translit = "Beng-translit", } m["inc-mgu"] = { "คุชราตกลาง", 24907429, "inc-wes", "Deva", ancestors = "inc-ogu", translit = { Deva = "Deva-translit", }, } m["inc-mor"] = { "โอริยากลาง", 128810882, "inc-eas", "Orya", ancestors = "inc-oor", } m["inc-oas"] = { "อัสสัมช่วงต้น", 85758237, "inc-bas", "as-Beng", ancestors = "inc-kam", translit = "Beng-translit", } m["inc-oaw"] = { "Old Awadhi", nil, "inc-hie", "Deva, Kthi, ur-Arab", strip_diacritics = { from = {"هٔ", "ۂ"}, -- character "ۂ" code U+06C2 to "ه" and "هٔ" (U+0647 + U+0654) to "ه" to = {"ہ", "ہ"}, remove_diacritics = c.fathatan .. c.dammatan .. c.kasratan .. c.fatha .. c.damma .. c.kasra .. c.shadda .. c.sukun .. c.nunghunna .. c.superalef }, translit = { Deva = "Deva-translit", Kthi = "Kthi-translit", ["ur-Arab"] = "inc-ohi-translit", }, } m["inc-obn"] = { "เบงกอลเก่า", 113559926, "inc-bas", "Beng", translit = "Beng-translit", } m["inc-ogu"] = { "คุชราตเก่า", 24907427, "inc-wes", "Deva", translit = "Deva-translit", } m["inc-ohi"] = { "ฮินดีเก่า", 48767781, "inc-hiw", "Deva, ur-Arab", strip_diacritics = { from = {"هٔ", "ۂ"}, -- character "ۂ" code U+06C2 to "ه" and "هٔ" (U+0647 + U+0654) to "ه" to = {"ہ", "ہ"}, remove_diacritics = c.fathatan .. c.dammatan .. c.kasratan .. c.fatha .. c.damma .. c.kasra .. c.shadda .. c.sukun .. c.nunghunna .. c.superalef }, translit = { Deva = "Deva-translit", ["ur-Arab"] = "ur-translit", }, } m["inc-oor"] = { "โอริยาเก่า", 128807801, "inc-eas", "Orya", } m["inc-opa"] = { "ปัญจาบเก่า", 115270971, "inc-pan", "Guru, pa-Arab", translit = { Guru = "Guru-translit", ["pa-Arab"] = "pa-Arab-translit", }, strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.fathatan .. c.dammatan .. c.kasratan .. c.fatha .. c.damma .. c.kasra .. c.shadda .. c.sukun}, } m["inc-pro"] = { "อินโด-อารยันดั้งเดิม", 23808344, "inc", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["ine-ana-pro"] = { "อานาโตเลียนดั้งเดิม", 7251833, "ine-ana", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["ine-bsl-pro"] = { "บอลโต-สลาวิกดั้งเดิม", 1703347, "ine-bsl", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", sort_key = { from = {"[áā]", "[éēḗ]", "[íī]", "[óōṓ]", "[úū]", c.acute, c.macron, "ˀ"}, to = {"a", "e", "i", "o", "u"} }, } m["ine-kal"] = { "Kalašma", 122770439, "ine-ana", "Xsux", } m["ine-pae"] = { "Paeonian", 2705672, "ine", "Polyt", -- Polyt translit, display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["ine-pro"] = { "อินโด-ยูโรเปียนดั้งเดิม", 37178, "ine", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", sort_key = { from = {"[áā]", "[éēḗ]", "[íī]", "[óōṓ]", "[úū]", "ĺ", "ḿ", "ń", "ŕ", "ǵ", "ḱ", "ʰ", "ʷ", "₁", "₂", "₃", c.ringbelow, c.acute, c.macron}, to = {"a", "e", "i", "o", "u", "l", "m", "n", "r", "g'", "k'", "¯h", "¯w", "1", "2", "3"} }, } m["ine-toc-pro"] = { "โทแคเรียนดั้งเดิม", 104841462, "ine-toc", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["xme-old"] = { "Old Median", 36461, "xme", "Polyt, Latn", -- Polyt translit, display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["xme-mid"] = { "Middle Median", 12836150, "xme", "Latn", } m["xme-ker"] = { "Kermanic", 129850, "xme", "fa-Arab, Latn, Hebr", ancestors = "xme-mid", -- Hebr display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["xme-taf"] = { "Tafreshi", nil, "xme", "fa-Arab, Latn", ancestors = "xme-mid", } m["xme-ttc-pro"] = { "Proto-Tatic", 122973870, "xme-ttc", "Latn", ancestors = "xme-mid", } m["xme-kls"] = { "Kalasuri", nil, "xme-ttc", ancestors = "xme-ttc-nor", } m["xme-klt"] = { "Kilit", 3612452, "xme-ttc", "Cyrl", -- and fa-Arab? } m["xme-ott"] = { "Old Tati", 434697, "xme-ttc", "fa-Arab, Latn", } m["ira-kms-pro"] = { "Proto-Komisenian", 116773777, "ira-kms", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["ira-mpr-pro"] = { "Proto-Medo-Parthian", 116773227, "ira-mpr", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["ira-pat-pro"] = { "ปาทานดั้งเดิม", 116773255, "ira-pat", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["ira-pro"] = { "อิเรเนียนดั้งเดิม", 4167865, "ira", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["ira-zgr-pro"] = { "Proto-Zaza-Gorani", 116775031, "ira-zgr", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["xsc-pro"] = { "Proto-Scythian", 116773273, "xsc", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["xsc-sar-pro"] = { "Proto-Sarmatian", 116773249, "xsc-sar", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["xsc-skw-pro"] = { "Proto-Saka-Wakhi", 116773267, "xsc-skw", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["xsc-sak-pro"] = { "Proto-Saka", 116773264, "xsc-sak", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["ira-sym-pro"] = { "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji", 116773813, "ira-sym", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["ira-sgi-pro"] = { "Proto-Sanglechi-Ishkashimi", 116773808, "ira-sgi", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["ira-mny-pro"] = { "Proto-Munji-Yidgha", 116773792, "ira-mny", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["ira-shy-pro"] = { "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami", 116773812, "ira-shy", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["ira-shr-pro"] = { "Proto-Shughni-Roshani", 116773811, "ira-shr", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["ira-sgc-pro"] = { "ซอกดิกดั้งเดิม", 116773276, "ira-sgc", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["ira-wnj"] = { "Vanji", 3398419, "ira-shy", "Latn", } m["iro-ere"] = { "Erie", 5388365, "iro-nor", "Latn", } m["iro-min"] = { "Mingo", 128531, "iro-nor", "Latn", ietf_subtag = "i-mingo", -- grandfathered IETF tag } m["iro-nor-pro"] = { "Proto-North Iroquoian", 116773242, "iro-nor", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["iro-pro"] = { "Proto-Iroquoian", 7251852, "iro", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["itc-pro"] = { "อิตาลิกดั้งเดิม", 17102720, "itc", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["itc-psa"] = { "Pre-Samnite", 7239186, "itc-sbl", "Ital, Polyt, Latn", -- Ital translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] (NOTE: formerly not present, probably an accidental omission) -- Polyt translit, display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["jpx-hcj"] = { "Hachijō", 5637049, "jpx", "Jpan", ancestors = "ojp-eas", translit = s["jpx-translit"], display_text = s["jpx-displaytext"], strip_diacritics = s["jpx-stripdiacritics"], sort_key = s["jpx-sortkey"], } m["jpx-pro"] = { "แจพอนิกดั้งเดิม", 3924309, "jpx", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["jpx-ryu-pro"] = { "Proto-Ryukyuan", 56349069, "jpx-ryu", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["kar-pro"] = { "กะเหรี่ยงดั้งเดิม", 85794783, "kar", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["kca-eas"] = { "Eastern Khanty", 30304622, "kca", "Cyrl", translit = "kca-translit", override_translit = true, -- TODO temporary until MediaWiki supports Unicode 16 (probably requires a PHP update from their side) sort_key = { Cyrl = { from = {"ᲊ"}, to = {"Ᲊ"} } }, } m["kca-nor"] = { "Northern Khanty", 30304527, "kca", "Cyrl", translit = "kca-translit", override_translit = true, -- TODO temporary until MediaWiki supports Unicode 16 (probably requires a PHP update from their side) sort_key = { Cyrl = { from = {"ᲊ"}, to = {"Ᲊ"} } }, } m["kca-pro"] = { "Proto-Khanty", 127505171, "kca", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["kca-sou"] = { "Southern Khanty", 30304618, "kca", "Cyrl", translit = "kca-translit", override_translit = true, } m["khi-kho-pro"] = { "Proto-Khoe", 116773218, "khi-kho", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["khi-kun"] = { "ǃKung", 32904, "khi-kxa", "Latn", } m["ko-ear"] = { "เกาหลีใหม่ช่วงต้น", 756014, "qfa-kor", "Kore", ancestors = "okm", translit = "okm-translit", -- Kore strip_diacritics in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["kro-pro"] = { "Proto-Kru", 116773778, "kro", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["ku-pro"] = { "เคอร์ดิชดั้งเดิม", 116773221, "ku", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["map-ata-pro"] = { "Proto-Atayalic", 116773151, "map-ata", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["map-bms"] = { "Banyumasan", 33219, "map", "Latn, Java", } m["map-pro"] = { "ออสโตรนีเซียนดั้งเดิม", 49230, "map", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["mis-hkl"] = { "Kelantan Peranakan Hokkien", 108794818, "qfa-mix", ancestors = "nan-hbl, sou, mfa", } m["mis-idn"] = { "Idiom Neutral", 35847, "art", "Latn", type = "appendix-constructed", } m["mis-isa"] = { "Isaurian", 16956868, nil, -- "Xsux, Hluw, Latn", } m["mis-jie"] = { "Jie", 124424186, nil, "Hani", sort_key = "Hani-sortkey", } m["mis-jzh"] = { "Jizhao", 45242758, "qfa-bej", "Latn", } m["mis-kas"] = { "Kassite", 35612, nil, "Xsux", } m["mis-mmd"] = { "Mimi of Decorse", 6862206, nil, "Latn", } m["mis-mmn"] = { "Mimi of Nachtigal", 6862207, nil, "Latn", } m["mis-phi"] = { "Philistine", 2230924, nil, "Phnx", -- Phnx translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] (NOTE: not present before, presumably an accidental omission) } m["mis-rou"] = { "Rouran", 48816637, "qfa-xgx", "Hani, Latn", sort_key = {Hani = "Hani-sortkey"}, } m["mis-tdl"] = { "Turdulian", 133176492, } m["mis-tdt"] = { "Turdetanian", 133176461, } m["mis-tnw"] = { "Tangwang", 7683179, "qfa-mix", "Latn", ancestors = "cmn, sce", } m["mis-tuh"] = { "Tuyuhun", 48816625, "qfa-xgx", "Hani, Latn", sort_key = {Hani = "Hani-sortkey"}, } m["mis-tuo"] = { "Tuoba", 48816629, "qfa-xgx", "Hani, Latn", sort_key = {Hani = "Hani-sortkey"}, } m["mis-wuh"] = { "Wuhuan", 118976867, "qfa-xgx", "Hani, Latn", sort_key = {Hani = "Hani-sortkey"}, } m["mis-xbi"] = { "Xianbei", 4448647, "qfa-xgx", "Hani, Latn", sort_key = {Hani = "Hani-sortkey"}, } m["mis-xnu"] = { "Xiongnu", 10901674, nil, "Hani, Latn", sort_key = {Hani = "Hani-sortkey"}, } m["mjg-mgl"] = { "Mongghul", 53765528, "mjg", "Latn", -- also Mong, Cyrl ? } m["mjg-mgr"] = { "Mangghuer", 56285392, "mjg", "Latn", -- also Mong, Cyrl ? } m["mkh-asl-pro"] = { "Proto-Aslian", 55630680, "mkh-asl", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["mkh-ban-pro"] = { "Proto-Bahnaric", 116773189, "mkh-ban", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["mkh-kat-pro"] = { "Proto-Katuic", 116773772, "mkh-kat", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["mkh-khm-pro"] = { "ขมุอิกดั้งเดิม", 116773774, "mkh-khm", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["mkh-kmr-pro"] = { "เขมรดั้งเดิม", 55630684, "mkh-kmr", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["mkh-mmn"] = { "มอญกลาง", 121337926, "mkh-mnc", "Latn, Mymr", --and also Pallava ancestors = "omx", } m["mkh-mnc-pro"] = { "มอญดั้งเดิม", 116773231, "mkh-mnc", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["mkh-mvi"] = { "เวียดนามกลาง", 9199, "mkh-vie", "Hani, Latn", sort_key = {Hani = "Hani-sortkey"}, } m["mkh-pal-pro"] = { "ปะหล่องดั้งเดิม", 104847372, "mkh-pal", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["mkh-pea-pro"] = { "แพริกดั้งเดิม", 116773804, "mkh-pea", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["mkh-pkn-pro"] = { "Proto-Pakanic", 116773803, "mkh-pkn", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["mkh-pro"] = { --This will be merged into 2015 aav-pro. "มอญ-เขมรดั้งเดิม", 7251859, "mkh", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["mnw-tha"] = { -- To be removed. "มอญแบบไทย", nil, "mkh-mnc", "Mymr, Thai", ancestors = "mkh-mmn", sort_key = { from = {"[%p]", "ျ", "ြ", "ွ", "ှ", "ၞ", "ၟ", "ၠ", "ၚ", "ဿ", "[็-๎]", "([เแโใไ])([ก-ฮ])ฺ?"}, to = {"", "္ယ", "္ရ", "္ဝ", "္ဟ", "္န", "္မ", "္လ", "င", "သ္သ", "", "%2%1"} }, } m["mkh-vie-pro"] = { "เวียตติกดั้งเดิม", 109432616, "mkh-vie", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["mns-cen"] = { "Central Mansi", 128810384, "mns", "Cyrl", translit = "mns-translit", override_translit = true, } m["mns-nor"] = { "Northern Mansi", 30304537, "mns", "Cyrl", translit = "mns-translit", override_translit = true, } m["mns-pro"] = { "Proto-Mansi", 128883093, "mns", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["mns-sou"] = { "Southern Mansi", 30304629, "mns", "Cyrl", translit = "mns-translit", override_translit = true, } m["mun-pro"] = { "มุนดาดั้งเดิม", 105102373, "mun", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["myn-chl"] = { -- the stage after ''emy'' "Ch'olti'", 873995, "myn", "Latn", } m["myn-pro"] = { "มายันดั้งเดิม", 3321532, "myn", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["nai-ala"] = { "Alazapa", 128810233, nil, "Latn", } m["nai-bay"] = { "Bayogoula", 1563704, nil, "Latn", } m["nai-cal"] = { "Calusa", 51782, nil, "Latn", } m["nai-chi"] = { "Chiquimulilla", 25339627, "nai-xin", "Latn", } m["nai-chu-pro"] = { "Proto-Chumash", 116773736, "nai-chu", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["nai-cig"] = { "Ciguayo", 20741700, nil, "Latn", } m["nai-ckn-pro"] = { "Proto-Chinookan", 116773735, "nai-ckn", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["nai-guz"] = { "Guazacapán", 19572028, "nai-xin", "Latn", } m["nai-hit"] = { "Hitchiti", 1542882, "nai-mus", "Latn", } m["nai-ipa"] = { "Ipai", 3027474, "nai-yuc", "Latn", } m["nai-jtp"] = { "Jutiapa", nil, "nai-xin", "Latn", } m["nai-jum"] = { "Jumaytepeque", 25339626, "nai-xin", "Latn", } m["nai-kat"] = { "Kathlamet", 6376639, "nai-ckn", "Latn", } m["nai-klp-pro"] = { "Proto-Kalapuyan", 116773771, "nai-klp", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["nai-knm"] = { "Konomihu", 3198734, "nai-shs", "Latn", } m["nai-kum"] = { "Kumeyaay", 4910139, "nai-yuc", "Latn", } m["nai-mac"] = { "Macoris", 21070851, nil, "Latn", } m["nai-mdu-pro"] = { "Proto-Maidun", 116773784, "nai-mdu", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["nai-miz-pro"] = { "Proto-Mixe-Zoque", 7251858, "nai-miz", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["nai-mus-pro"] = { "Proto-Muskogean", 116775368, "nai-mus", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["nai-nao"] = { "Naolan", 6964594, nil, "Latn", } m["nai-nrs"] = { "New River Shasta", 7011254, "nai-shs", "Latn", } m["nai-okw"] = { "Okwanuchu", 3350126, "nai-shs", "Latn", } m["nai-per"] = { "Pericú", 3375369, nil, "Latn", } m["nai-pic"] = { "Picuris", 7191257, "nai-kta", "Latn", } m["nai-plp-pro"] = { "Proto-Plateau Penutian", 116773806, "nai-plp", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["nai-pom-pro"] = { "Proto-Pomo", 116773262, "nai-pom", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["nai-qng"] = { "Quinigua", 36360, nil, "Latn", } m["nai-sca-pro"] = { -- NB 'sio-pro' "Proto-Siouan" which is Proto-Western Siouan "Proto-Siouan-Catawban", 116773275, "nai-sca", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["nai-sin"] = { "Sinacantán", 24190249, "nai-xin", "Latn", } m["nai-sln"] = { "Salvadoran Lenca", 3229434, "nai-len", "Latn", } m["nai-spt"] = { "Sahaptin", 3833015, "nai-shp", "Latn", } m["nai-tap"] = { "Tapachultec", 7684401, "nai-miz", "Latn", } m["nai-taw"] = { "Tawasa", 7689233, nil, "Latn", } m["nai-teq"] = { "Tequistlatec", 2964454, "nai-tqn", "Latn", } m["nai-tip"] = { "Tipai", 3027471, "nai-yuc", "Latn", } m["nai-tot-pro"] = { "Proto-Totozoquean", 116773285, "nai-tot", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["nai-tsi-pro"] = { "Proto-Tsimshianic", nil, "nai-tsi", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["nai-utn-pro"] = { "Proto-Utian", 116773290, "nai-utn", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["nai-wai"] = { "Waikuri", 3118702, nil, "Latn", } m["nai-wji"] = { "Western Jicaque", 3178610, "nai-jcq", "Latn", } m["nai-yup"] = { "Yupiltepeque", 25339628, "nai-xin", "Latn", } m["nan-dat"] = { "Datian Min", 19855572, "zhx-nan", "Hants", generate_forms = "zh-generateforms", sort_key = "Hani-sortkey", } m["nan-hbl"] = { "ฮกเกี้ยน", 1624231, "zhx-nan", "Hants, Latn, Bopo, Kana", wikimedia_codes = "zh-min-nan", generate_forms = "zh-generateforms", sort_key = { Hani = "Hani-sortkey", Kana = "Kana-sortkey" }, } m["nan-hlh"] = { "Hailufeng Min", 120755728, "zhx-nan", "Hants", generate_forms = "zh-generateforms", sort_key = "Hani-sortkey", } m["nan-lnx"] = { "Longyan Min", 6674568, "zhx-nan", "Hants", generate_forms = "zh-generateforms", sort_key = "Hani-sortkey", } m["nan-tws"] = { "แต้จิ๋ว", 36759, "zhx-nan", "Hants", generate_forms = "zh-generateforms", translit = "zh-translit", sort_key = "Hani-sortkey", } m["nan-zhe"] = { "Zhenan Min", 3846710, "zhx-nan", "Hants", generate_forms = "zh-generateforms", sort_key = "Hani-sortkey", } m["nan-zsh"] = { "Sanxiang Min", 7420769, "zhx-nan", "Hants", generate_forms = "zh-generateforms", sort_key = "Hani-sortkey", } m["nds-de"] = { "เยอรมันต่ำแบบเยอรมนี", 25433, "gmw-lgm", "Latn", ancestors = "nds", ietf_subtag = "nds-DE", -- should we make this the actual code? wikimedia_codes = "nds", } m["nds-nl"] = { "Dutch Low Saxon", 516137, "gmw-lgm", "Latn", ancestors = "nds", ietf_subtag = "nds-NL", -- should we make this the actual code? wikimedia_codes = "nds-nl", } m["ngf-pro"] = { "Proto-Trans-New Guinea", 85794785, "ngf", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["nic-bco-pro"] = { "เบนูเอ-คองโกดั้งเดิม", 116773194, "nic-bco", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["nic-bod-pro"] = { "แบนทอยด์ดั้งเดิม", 116773190, "nic-bod", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["nic-eov-pro"] = { "Proto-Eastern Oti-Volta", 116773753, "nic-eov", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["nic-gns-pro"] = { "Proto-Gurunsi", 116773759, "nic-gns", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["nic-grf-pro"] = { "Proto-Grassfields", 116773755, "nic-grf", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["nic-gur-pro"] = { "กูร์ดั้งเดิม", 116773758, "nic-gur", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["nic-jkn-pro"] = { "Proto-Jukunoid", 116773769, "nic-jkn", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["nic-lcr-pro"] = { "Proto-Lower Cross River", 116773782, "nic-lcr", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["nic-ogo-pro"] = { "Proto-Ogoni", 116773799, "nic-ogo", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["nic-ovo-pro"] = { "Proto-Oti-Volta", 116773802, "nic-ovo", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["nic-plt-pro"] = { "Proto-Plateau", 116773805, "nic-plt", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["nic-pro"] = { "ไนเจอร์-คองโกดั้งเดิม", 108000748, "nic", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["nic-ubg-pro"] = { "Proto-Ubangian", 116773818, "nic-ubg", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["nic-ucr-pro"] = { "Proto-Upper Cross River", 116773819, "nic-ucr", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["nic-vco-pro"] = { "วอลตา-คองโกดั้งเดิม", 116773293, "nic-vco", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["nub-har"] = { "Haraza", 19572059, "nub", "Arab, Latn", } m["nub-pro"] = { "นูเบียนดั้งเดิม", 116773246, "nub", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["omq-cha-pro"] = { "Proto-Chatino", 116773202, "omq-cha", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["omq-maz-pro"] = { "Proto-Mazatec", 116773790, "omq-maz", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["omq-mix-pro"] = { "Proto-Mixtecan", 21573423, "omq-mix", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["omq-mxt-pro"] = { "Proto-Mixtec", 21573424, "omq-mxt", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["omq-otp-pro"] = { "Proto-Oto-Pamean", 116773251, "omq-otp", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["omq-pro"] = { "Proto-Oto-Manguean", 33669, "omq", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["omq-sjq"] = { "San Juan Quiahije Chatino", 17003130, "omq-cha", "Latn", } m["omq-tel"] = { "Teposcolula Mixtec", nil, "omq-mxt", "Latn", } m["omq-teo"] = { "Teojomulco Chatino", 25340451, "omq-cha", "Latn", } m["omq-tri-pro"] = { "Proto-Triqui", 116773817, "omq-tri", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["omq-zap-pro"] = { "Proto-Zapotecan", 116773297, "omq-zap", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["omq-zpc-pro"] = { "Proto-Zapotec", 116773296, "omq-zpc", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["omv-aro-pro"] = { "Proto-Aroid", 116773721, "omv-aro", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["omv-diz-pro"] = { "Proto-Dizoid", 116773750, "omv-diz", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["omv-pro"] = { "Proto-Omotic", 116773800, "omv", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["oto-otm-pro"] = { "Proto-Otomi", 5908710, "oto-otm", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["oto-pro"] = { "Proto-Otomian", 116773252, "oto", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["paa-bin-pro"] = { "Proto-Binanderean", 137881672, "paa-bin", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["paa-kom"] = { "Kómnzo", 18344310, "paa-yam", "Latn", } m["paa-kwn"] = { "Kuwani", 6449056, "qfa-unc", -- poorly attested, possibly the same as or related to Kalabra "Latn", } m["paa-nha-pro"] = { "Proto-North Halmahera", 116773241, "paa-nha", "Latn", type = "reconstructed" } m["paa-nun"] = { "Nungon", 128807788, "ngf-fin", "Latn", } m["phi-din"] = { "Dinapigue Agta", 16945774, "phi", "Latn", } m["phi-kal-pro"] = { "คาลาเมียนดั้งเดิม", 116773213, "phi-kal", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["phi-nag"] = { "Nagtipunan Agta", 16966111, "phi", "Latn", } m["phi-pro"] = { "ฟิลิปปินส์ดั้งเดิม", 18204898, "phi", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["poz-abi"] = { "Abai", 19570729, "poz-san", "Latn", } m["poz-bal"] = { "Baliledo", 4850912, "poz", "Latn", } m["poz-btk-pro"] = { "Proto-Bungku-Tolaki", 116773724, "poz-btk", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["poz-cet-pro"] = { "มาลาโย-พอลินีเชียนตอนกลาง-ตะวันออกดั้งเดิม", 2269883, "poz-cet", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["poz-hce-pro"] = { "Proto-Halmahera-Cenderawasih", 116773209, "poz-hce", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["poz-lgx-pro"] = { "ลัมปุงกิกดั้งเดิม", 116773222, "poz-lgx", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["poz-mcm-pro"] = { "มาลาโย-จามิกดั้งเดิม", 116773225, "poz-mcm", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["poz-mic-pro"] = { "ไมโครนีเซียนดั้งเดิม", 111939079, "poz-mic", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["poz-mly-pro"] = { "มาเลย์อิกดั้งเดิม", 98057728, "poz-mly", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["poz-msa-pro"] = { "มาลาโย-ซุมบาวันดั้งเดิม", 116773226, "poz-msa", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["poz-oce-pro"] = { "โอเชียนิกดั้งเดิม", 141741, "poz-oce", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["poz-pep-pro"] = { "พอลินีเชียนตะวันออกดั้งเดิม", 113988745, "poz-pep", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["poz-pnp-pro"] = { "นิวเคลียร์พอลินีเชียนดั้งเดิม", 113988746, "poz-pnp", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["poz-pol-pro"] = { "พอลินีเชียนดั้งเดิม", 1658709, "poz-pol", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["poz-pro"] = { "มาลาโย-พอลินีเชียนดั้งเดิม", 3832960, "poz", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["poz-sml"] = { "Sarawak Malay", 4251702, "poz-mly", "Latn, ms-Arab", } m["poz-ssw-pro"] = { "ซูลาเวซีใต้ดั้งเดิม", 116773279, "poz-ssw", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["poz-swa-pro"] = { "ซาราวักเหนือดั้งเดิม", 116773243, "poz-swa", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["poz-ter"] = { "มลายูแบบตรังกานู", 4207412, "poz-mly", "Latn, ms-Arab", } m["pqe-pro"] = { "มาลาโย-พอลินีเชียนตะวันออกดั้งเดิม", 2269883, "pqe", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["pra-niy"] = { "Niya Prakrit", 11991601, "inc-mid", "Khar", ancestors = "inc-ash", translit = "Khar-translit", } m["qfa-adm-pro"] = { "เกรตอันดามันนีสดั้งเดิม", 116773756, "qfa-adm", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["qfa-bet-pro"] = { "เบ-ไทดั้งเดิม", 116773193, "qfa-bet", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["qfa-cka-pro"] = { "Proto-Chukotko-Kamchatkan", 7251837, "qfa-cka", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["qfa-hur-pro"] = { "Proto-Hurro-Urartian", 116773211, "qfa-hur", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["qfa-kad-pro"] = { "Proto-Kadu", 116773770, "qfa-kad", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["qfa-kms-pro"] = { "Proto-Kam-Sui", 55630682, "qfa-kms", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["qfa-kor-pro"] = { "เกาหลีดั้งเดิม", 467883, "qfa-kor", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["qfa-kra-pro"] = { "ขร้าดั้งเดิม", 7251854, "qfa-kra", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["qfa-lic-pro"] = { "ไหลดั้งเดิม", 7251845, "qfa-lic", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["qfa-onb-pro"] = { "เบดั้งเดิม", 116773192, "qfa-onb", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["qfa-ong-pro"] = { "Proto-Ongan", 116773801, "qfa-ong", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["qfa-tak-pro"] = { "ขร้า-ไทดั้งเดิม", 104901616, "qfa-tak", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["qfa-yen-pro"] = { "Proto-Yeniseian", 27639, "qfa-yen", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["qfa-yuk-pro"] = { "Proto-Yukaghir", 116773294, "qfa-yuk", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["qwe-kch"] = { "Kichwa", 1740805, "qwe", "Latn", ancestors = "qu", } m["qwe-pro"] = { "เกชวนดั้งเดิม", 5575757, "qwe", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["roa-ang"] = { "Angevin", 56782, "roa-oil", "Latn", sort_key = s["roa-oil-sortkey"], } m["roa-bbn"] = { "บูร์บอแน-แบรีชง", 2899128, "roa-oil", "Latn", sort_key = s["roa-oil-sortkey"], } m["roa-brg"] = { "Bourguignon", 508332, "roa-oil", "Latn", sort_key = s["roa-oil-sortkey"], } m["roa-can"] = { "Cantabrian", 917021, "roa-asl", "Latn", } m["roa-cha"] = { "Champenois", 430018, "roa-oil", "Latn", sort_key = s["roa-oil-sortkey"], } m["roa-fcm"] = { "Franc-Comtois", 510561, "roa-oil", "Latn", sort_key = s["roa-oil-sortkey"], } m["roa-gal"] = { "Gallo", 37300, "roa-oil", "Latn", sort_key = s["roa-oil-sortkey"], } m["roa-gib"] = { "Gallo-Italic of Basilicata", 3094838, "roa-git", "Latn", } m["roa-gis"] = { "Gallo-Italic of Sicily", 2629019, "roa-git", "Latn", } m["roa-leo"] = { "เลออน", 34108, "roa-asl", "Latn", } m["roa-lor"] = { "Lorrain", 671198, "roa-oil", "Latn", sort_key = s["roa-oil-sortkey"], } m["roa-oca"] = { "กาตาลาเก่า", 15478520, "roa-ocr", "Latn", sort_key = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.diaer .. c.cedilla .. "·"}, } m["roa-ole"] = { "เลออนเก่า", 125977465, "roa-asl", "Latn", } m["roa-ona"] = { "Old Navarro-Aragonese", 2736184, "roa-nar", "Latn", } m["roa-opt"] = { "กาลิเซีย-โปรตุเกสเก่า", 1072111, "roa-gap", "Latn", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ}, } m["roa-orl"] = { "Orléanais", 28497058, "roa-oil", "Latn", sort_key = s["roa-oil-sortkey"], } m["roa-poi"] = { "Poitevin-Saintongeais", 514123, "roa-oil", "Latn", sort_key = s["roa-oil-sortkey"], } m["roa-tar"] = { "Tarantino", 695526, "roa-itr", "Latn", wikimedia_codes = "roa-tara", } m["sai-all"] = { "Allentiac", 19570789, "sai-hrp", "Latn", } m["sai-and"] = { -- not to be confused with 'cbc' or 'ano' "Andoquero", 16828359, "sai-wit", "Latn", } m["sai-ayo"] = { "Ayomán", 16937754, "sai-jir", "Latn", } m["sai-bae"] = { "Baenan", 3401998, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, poorly attested; only known through 9 words "Latn", } m["sai-bag"] = { "Bagua", 5390321, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, poorly attested; possibly Cariban "Latn", } m["sai-bet"] = { "Betoi", 926551, "qfa-iso", "Latn", } m["sai-bor-pro"] = { "Proto-Boran", nil, "sai-bor", "Latn", } m["sai-cac"] = { "Cacán", 945482, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, poorly attested; no consensus on classification "Latn", } m["sai-caq"] = { "Caranqui", 2937753, "sai-bar", "Latn", } m["sai-car-pro"] = { "Proto-Cariban", 116773196, "sai-car", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sai-cat"] = { "Catacao", 5051136, "sai-ctc", "Latn", } m["sai-cer-pro"] = { "Proto-Cerrado", 116773200, "sai-cer", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sai-chi"] = { "Chirino", 5390321, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, only four words known; possibly related to Candoshi-Shapra (cbu) "Latn", } m["sai-chn"] = { "Chaná", 5072718, "sai-crn", "Latn", } m["sai-chp"] = { "Chapacura", 5072884, "sai-cpc", "Latn", } m["sai-chr"] = { "Charrua", 5086680, "sai-crn", "Latn", } m["sai-chu"] = { "Churuya", 5118339, "sai-guh", "Latn", } m["sai-cje-pro"] = { "Proto-Central Jê", 116773198, "sai-cje", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sai-cmg"] = { "Comechingon", 6644203, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, poorly attested; no consensus on classification "Latn", } m["sai-cno"] = { "Chono", 5104704, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, poorly attested; no consensus on classification, possibly spurious "Latn", } m["sai-cnr"] = { "Cañari", 5055572, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, poorly attested; possibly Chimuan or Barbacoan "Latn", } m["sai-coe"] = { "Coeruna", 6425639, "sai-wit", "Latn", } m["sai-col"] = { "Colán", 5141893, "sai-ctc", "Latn", } m["sai-cop"] = { "Copallén", 5390321, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, only four words attested; possibly Cholonan "Latn", } m["sai-crd"] = { "Coroado Puri", 24191321, "sai-mje", "Latn", } m["sai-ctq"] = { "Catuquinaru", 16858455, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, poorly attested; vocabulary does not resemble other languages "Latn", } m["sai-cul"] = { "Culli", 2879660, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, poorly attested; often considered an isolate "Latn", } m["sai-cva"] = { "Cueva", 5192644, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, poorly attested; possibly Chocoan "Latn", } m["sai-esm"] = { "Esmeralda", 3058083, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, poorly attested; possibly related to Yaruro "Latn", } m["sai-ewa"] = { "Ewarhuyana", 16898104, nil, "Latn", } m["sai-gam"] = { "Gamela", 5403661, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, poorly attested; possibly an isolate "Latn", } m["sai-gay"] = { "Gayón", 5528902, "sai-jir", "Latn", } m["sai-gmo"] = { "Guamo", 5613495, "qfa-unc", -- extinct; "Kaufman (1990) finds a connection with the Chapacuran languages convincing." [Wikipedia] Considered an isolate by Campbell (2024). "Latn", } m["sai-gua"] = { "Guachí", 5613172, "sai-guc", "Latn", } m["sai-gue"] = { "Güenoa", 5626799, "sai-crn", "Latn", } m["sai-hau"] = { "Haush", 3128376, "sai-cho", "Latn", } m["sai-jee-pro"] = { "Proto-Jê", 116773212, "sai-jee", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sai-jko"] = { "Jeikó", 6176527, "sai-mje", "Latn", } m["sai-jrj"] = { "Jirajara", 6202966, "sai-jir", "Latn", } m["sai-kat"] = { -- contrast xoo, kzw, sai-xoc "Katembri", 6375925, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, poorly attested; "Kaufman (1990) has linked it with the nearly extinct Taruma, although this has not been accepted by other scholars." [Wikipedia] "Latn", } m["sai-mal"] = { "Malalí", 6741212, "sai-mje", -- considered the most divergent Maxakalían language (a subdivision of Macro-Jê), for which we have no entry "Latn", } m["sai-mar"] = { "Maratino", 6755055, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, poorly attested; possibly Uto-Aztecan "Latn", } m["sai-mat"] = { "Matanawi", 6786047, "qfa-unc", -- extinct; either an isolate or distantly related to the Muran languages; Campbell (2024) lists it as an isolate, Glottolog gives it as unclassified "Latn", } m["sai-mcn"] = { "Mocana", 3402048, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, poorly attested; given as part of the Malibu languages (geographic grouping; not a clade) "Latn", } m["sai-men"] = { "Menien", 16890110, "sai-mje", "Latn", } m["sai-mil"] = { "Millcayac", 19573012, "sai-hrp", "Latn", } m["sai-mlb"] = { "Malibu", 3402048, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, poorly attested; given as part of the Malibu languages (geographic grouping; not a clade) "Latn", } m["sai-msk"] = { "Masakará", 6782426, "sai-mje", "Latn", } m["sai-muc"] = { "Mucuchí", 6931290, nil, -- generally considered Timotean, for which we have no entry "Latn", } m["sai-mue"] = { "Muellama", 16886936, "sai-bar", "Latn", } m["sai-muz"] = { "Muzo", 6644203, "qfa-unc", -- extinct language of Colombia, poorly attested; may be Pijao (Cariban) "Latn", } m["sai-mys"] = { "Maynas", 16919393, "sai-cah", -- per Campbell (2024); formerly considered unclassified "Latn", } m["sai-nat"] = { "Natú", 9006749, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, poorly attested; "only Greenberg dares to classify [it]".[Wikipedia, quoting Moseley, Christopher; Asher, R. E.; Tait, Mary (1994), Atlas of the world's languages] "Latn", } m["sai-nje-pro"] = { "Proto-Northern Jê", 116773245, "sai-nje", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sai-opo"] = { "Opón", 7099152, "sai-car", "Latn", } m["sai-oto"] = { "Otomaco", 16879234, "sai-otm", "Latn", } m["sai-pal"] = { "Palta", 3042978, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, unclassified; possibly Chicham "Latn", } m["sai-pam"] = { "Pamigua", 5908689, "sai-otm", "Latn", } m["sai-par"] = { "Paratió", 16890038, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, poorly attested; possibly Xukuruan "Latn", } m["sai-peb"] = { "Peba", 3373890, "sai-pey", "Latn", } m["sai-pnz"] = { "Panzaleo", 3123275, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, unclassified; possibly Paezan "Latn", } m["sai-prh"] = { "Puruhá", 3410994, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, poorly attested; possibly in a famil with Cañari "Latn", } m["sai-ptg"] = { "Patagón", 128807870, "sai-tar", -- extinct, only known from 4 words, which suggest Cariban lineage (Campbell 2024) "Latn", } m["sai-pur"] = { "Purukotó", 7261622, "sai-pem", "Latn", } m["sai-pyg"] = { "Payaguá", 7156643, "sai-guc", "Latn", } m["sai-pyk"] = { "Pykobjê", 98113977, "sai-nje", "Latn", } m["sai-qmb"] = { "Quimbaya", 7272043, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, might not exist; few known words "Latn", } m["sai-qtm"] = { "Quitemo", 7272651, "sai-cpc", "Latn", } m["sai-rab"] = { "Rabona", 6644203, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, poorly attested, mostly plant names; possibly Candoshi-Shapra "Latn", } m["sai-ram"] = { "Ramanos", 16902824, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, poorly attested, possibly an isolate; per Glottolog: "the minuscule wordlist ... shows no convincing resemblances to surrounding languages" "Latn", } m["sai-sac"] = { "Sácata", 5390321, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, only 3 words known; possibly Candoshí or Arawakan "Latn", } m["sai-san"] = { "Sanaviron", 16895999, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, unclassified; no consensus on classification "Latn", } m["sai-sap"] = { "Sapará", 7420922, "sai-car", "Latn", } m["sai-sec"] = { "Sechura", 7442912, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, poorly attested; possibly Catacaoan "Latn", } m["sai-sin"] = { "Sinúfana", 7525275, "qfa-unc", -- moribund, poorly attested; possibly Chocoan "Latn", } m["sai-sje-pro"] = { "Proto-Southern Jê", 116773814, "sai-sje", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sai-tab"] = { "Tabancale", 5390321, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, only 5 words known; no obvious connections, might be an isolate "Latn", } m["sai-tal"] = { "Tallán", 16910468, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, poorly attested; might be Catacaoan "Latn", } m["sai-tap"] = { "Tapayuna", 30719984, "sai-nje", "Latn", } m["sai-tar-pro"] = { "Proto-Taranoan", 116773816, "sai-tar", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sai-teu"] = { "Teushen", 3519243, "qfa-unc", -- probably extinct by the 1950's; possibly Chonan "Latn", } m["sai-tim"] = { "Timote", 7806995, nil, -- possibly in a small Timotean family "Latn", } m["sai-tpr"] = { "Taparita", 7684460, "sai-otm", "Latn", } m["sai-trr"] = { "Tarairiú", 7685313, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, too poorly attested to classify "Latn", } m["sai-wai"] = { "Waitaká", 16918610, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, possibly Purian "Latn", } m["sai-way"] = { "Wayumara", 7960726, "sai-car", "Latn", } m["sai-wit-pro"] = { "Proto-Witotoan", 116773823, "sai-wit", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sai-wnm"] = { "Wanham", 16879440, "sai-cpc", "Latn", } m["sai-xoc"] = { -- contrast xoo, kzw, sai-kat "Xocó", 12953620, "qfa-unc", -- extinct and poorly attested; not clear if one or three languages "Latn", } m["sai-yao"] = { "Yao (South America)", 16979655, "sai-ven", "Latn", } m["sai-yar"] = { -- not the same family as 'suy' "Yarumá", 3505859, "sai-pek", "Latn", } m["sai-yri"] = { "Yuri", 2669157, "sai-tyu", "Latn", } m["sai-yup"] = { "Yupua", 8061430, "sai-tuc", "Latn", } m["sai-yur"] = { "Yurumanguí", 1281291, "qfa-unc", -- extinct, too poorly attested to classify "Latn", } m["sal-pro"] = { "Proto-Salish", 116773269, "sal", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sdv-daj-pro"] = { "Proto-Daju", 116773739, "sdv-daj", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sdv-eje-pro"] = { "Proto-Eastern Jebel", 116773751, "sdv-eje", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sdv-nil-pro"] = { "Proto-Nilotic", 116773794, "sdv-nil", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sdv-nyi-pro"] = { "Proto-Nyima", 116773796, "sdv-nyi", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sdv-tmn-pro"] = { "Proto-Taman", 116773815, "sdv-tmn", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sel-nor"] = { "Northern Selkup", 30304565, "sel", "Cyrl", translit = "sel-nor-translit", } m["sel-pro"] = { "Proto-Selkup", 128884235, "sel", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sel-sou"] = { "Southern Selkup", 30304639, "sel", "Cyrl", translit = "sel-sou-translit", } m["sem-amm"] = { "อัมโมน", 279181, "sem-can", "Phnx", -- Phnx translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["sem-amo"] = { "Amorite", 35941, "sem-nwe", "Xsux, Latn", } m["sem-cha"] = { "Chaha", 35543, "sem-eth", "Ethi", translit = "Ethi-translit", } m["sem-dad"] = { "Dadanitic", 21838040, "sem-cen", "Narb", -- Narb translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["sem-dum"] = { "Dumaitic", 128810397, "sem-cen", "Narb", -- Narb translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["sem-has"] = { "Hasaitic", 3541433, "sem-cen", "Narb", -- Narb translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["sem-his"] = { "Hismaic", 22948260, "sem-cen", "Narb", -- Narb translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["sem-mhr"] = { "Muher", 33743, "sem-eth", "Latn", } m["sem-pro"] = { "เซมิติกดั้งเดิม", 1658554, "sem", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sem-saf"] = { "Safaitic", 472586, "sem-cen", "Narb", -- Narb translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["sem-sam"] = { "Samalian", 85847147, "sem-nwe", "Phnx", -- Phnx translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["sem-srb"] = { "อาหรับใต้เก่า", 35025, "sem-osa", "Sarb", -- Sarb translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["sem-tay"] = { "Taymanitic", 24912301, "sem-cen", "Narb", -- Narb translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["sem-tha"] = { "Thamudic", 843030, "sem-cen", "Narb", -- Narb translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["sem-wes-pro"] = { "เซมิติกตะวันตกดั้งเดิม", 98021726, "sem-wes", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sio-pro"] = { -- NB this is not Proto-Siouan-Catawban 'nai-sca-pro' "Proto-Siouan", 34181, "sio", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sit-aao-pro"] = { "Proto-Central Naga", nil, "sit-aao", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sit-bai-pro"] = { "Proto-Bai", nil, "sit-bai", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sit-ban"] = { "Bangru", 56071779, "sit-hrs", "Latn", } m["sit-bdi-pro"] = { "Proto-Bodish", nil, "sit-bdi", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sit-bok"] = { "Bokar", 4938727, "sit-tan", "Latn, Tibt", override_translit = true, -- Tibt translit, display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["sit-cai"] = { "Caijia", 5017528, "sit-cln", "Latn" } m["sit-cha"] = { "Chairel", 5068066, "sit-luu", "Latn", } m["sit-ers-pro"] = { "Proto-Ersuic", nil, "sit-ers", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sit-hrs-pro"] = { "Proto-Hrusish", 116773762, "sit-hrs", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sit-jap"] = { "Japhug", 3162245, "sit-egy", "Latn", } m["sit-kha-pro"] = { "Proto-Kham", 116773773, "sit-kha", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sit-khb-pro"] = { "Proto-Kho-Bwa", nil, "sit-khb", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sit-khp-pro"] = { "Proto-Puroik", nil, "sit-khb", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sit-khw-pro"] = { "Proto-Western Kho-Bwa", nil, "sit-khw", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sit-kon-pro"] = { "Proto-Northern Naga", nil, "sit-kon", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sit-liz"] = { "Lizu", 6660653, "sit-ers", "Latn", -- and Ersu Shaba } m["sit-lnj"] = { "Longjia", 17096251, "sit-cln", "Latn" } m["sit-lrn"] = { "Luren", 16946370, "sit-cln", "Latn" } m["sit-luu-pro"] = { "ลูอิชดั้งเดิม", 116773783, "sit-luu", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sit-nas-pro"] = { "Proto-Naish", nil, "sit-nas", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sit-prn"] = { "Puiron", 7259048, "sit-zem", } m["sit-pro"] = { "ซิโน-ทิเบตันดั้งเดิม", 24839178, "sit", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sit-sit"] = { "Situ", 19840830, "sit-egy", "Latn", } m["sit-tam-pro"] = { "Proto-Tamangic", 117469295, "sit-tam", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sit-tan-pro"] = { "Proto-Tani", 116773284, "sit-tan", "Latn", -- needs verification type = "reconstructed", } m["sit-tgm"] = { "ตางัม", 17041370, "sit-tan", "Latn", } m["sit-tng-pro"] = { "Proto-Tangkhulic", nil, "sit-tng", "Latn", type = "reconstructed" } m["sit-tos"] = { "Tosu", 7827899, "sit-ers", "Latn", -- also Ersu Shaba } m["sit-tsh"] = { "Tshobdun", 19840950, "sit-egy", "Latn", } m["sit-zbu"] = { "Zbu", 19841106, "sit-egy", "Latn", } m["sla-pro"] = { "สลาวิกดั้งเดิม", 747537, "sla", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", strip_diacritics = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.tilde .. c.macron .. c.dgrave .. c.invbreve, remove_exceptions = {'ś'}, }, sort_key = { from = {"č", "ď", "ě", "ę", "ь", "ľ", "ň", "ǫ", "ř", "š", "ś", "ť", "ъ", "ž"}, to = {"c²", "d²", "e²", "e³", "i²", "l²", "nj", "o²", "r²", "s²", "s³", "t²", "u²", "z²"}, } } m["smi-pro"] = { "ซามิกดั้งเดิม", 7251862, "smi", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", sort_key = { from = {"ā", "č", "δ", "[ëē]", "ŋ", "ń", "ō", "š", "θ", "%([^()]+%)"}, to = {"a", "c²", "d", "e", "n²", "n³", "o", "s²", "t²"} }, } m["son-pro"] = { "Proto-Songhay", 116773277, "son", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["sqj-pro"] = { "แอลเบเนียนดั้งเดิม", 18210846, "sqj", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["ssa-klk-pro"] = { "Proto-Kuliak", 116773779, "ssa-klk", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["ssa-kom-pro"] = { "Proto-Koman", 116773775, "ssa-kom", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["ssa-pro"] = { "Proto-Nilo-Saharan", 116773236, "ssa", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["syd-pro"] = { "Proto-Samoyedic", 7251863, "syd", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["tai-pro"] = { "ไทดั้งเดิม", 6583709, "tai", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["tai-swe-pro"] = { "ไทตะวันตกเฉียงใต้ดั้งเดิม", 116773280, "tai-swe", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["tbq-bdg-pro"] = { "โบโด-กาโรดั้งเดิม", 116773195, "tbq-bdg", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["tbq-blg"] = { "Bailang", 2879843, "tbq-lob", "Hani", sort_key = "Hani-sortkey", } m["tbq-brm-pro"] = { "Proto-Burmish", nil, "tbq-brm", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["tbq-gkh"] = { "Gokhy", 5578069, "tbq-sil", "Latn", } m["tbq-kuk-pro"] = { "Proto-Kuki-Chin", 116773220, "tbq-kuk", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["tbq-lal-pro"] = { "Proto-Lalo", 116773781, "tbq-lal", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["tbq-laz"] = { "Laze", 17007626, "sit-nas", "Latn", } m["tbq-lob-pro"] = { "โลโล-เบอร์มีซดั้งเดิม", 116773224, "tbq-lob", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["tbq-lol-pro"] = { "โลโลอิชดั้งเดิม", 7251855, "tbq-lol", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["tbq-mil"] = { "Milang", 6850761, "sit-gsi", "Deva, Latn", translit = { Deva = "Deva-translit", }, } m["tbq-mor"] = { "Moran", 6909216, "tbq-bdg", "Latn", } m["tbq-ngo"] = { "Ngochang", 56582, "tbq-brm", "Latn", } -- tbq-pro is now etymology-only m["trk-dkh"] = { "Dukhan", 12809273, "trk-ssb", "Latn, Cyrl, Mong", -- Mong translit, display_text and strip_diacritics in [[Module:scripts/data]] } -- As described in Mahmud al-Kashgari's 11th century ''Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk''. m["trk-eog"] = { "Early Old Oghuz", nil, "trk-ogz", "ota-Arab", strip_diacritics = {["ota-Arab"] = "ar-stripdiacritics"}, } m["trk-oat"] = { "ตุรกีแบบอานาโตเลียเก่า", 7083390, "trk-ogz", "ota-Arab", strip_diacritics = {["ota-Arab"] = "ar-stripdiacritics"}, ancestors = "trk-eog", } m["trk-pro"] = { "เตอร์กิกดั้งเดิม", 3657773, "trk", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", standard_chars = { Latn = " ()-abdegiklmnoprstuxyzïöüāčēīĺŋōŕšūǖȫẹ" .. c.macron, } } m["tup-gua-pro"] = { "ตูปี-กัวรานีดั้งเดิม", 116773288, "tup-gua", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["tup-kab"] = { "Kabishiana", 15302988, "tup", "Latn", } m["tup-pro"] = { "ตูเปียนดั้งเดิม", 10354700, "tup", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["tuw-alk"] = { "Alchuka", 113553616, "tuw-jrc", "Latn, Hans", sort_key = {Hans = "Hani-sortkey"}, } m["tuw-bal"] = { "Bala", 86730632, "tuw-jrc", "Latn, Hans", sort_key = {Hans = "Hani-sortkey"}, } m["tuw-kkl"] = { "Kyakala", 118875708, "tuw-jrc", "Latn, Hans", sort_key = {Hans = "Hani-sortkey"}, } m["tuw-kli"] = { "Kili", 6406892, "tuw-ewe", "Cyrl", } m["tuw-pro"] = { "Proto-Tungusic", 85872335, "tuw", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["tuw-sol"] = { "Solon", 30004, "tuw-ewe", } m["urj-fin-pro"] = { "ฟินนิกดั้งเดิม", 11883720, "urj-fin", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["urj-koo"] = { "Old Komi", 86679962, "kv", "Perm, Cyrs", translit = "urj-koo-translit", -- Cyrs strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]]; previously, Cyrs strip_diacritics not present } m["urj-kuk"] = { "Kukkuzi", 107410460, "urj-fin", "Latn", ancestors = "vot", } m["urj-kya"] = { "Komi-Yazva", 2365210, "kv", "Cyrl", translit = "kv-translit", override_translit = true, strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.acute}, } m["urj-mdv-pro"] = { "Proto-Mordvinic", 116773232, "urj-mdv", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["urj-prm-pro"] = { "เปอร์มิกดั้งเดิม", 116773257, "urj-prm", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["urj-pro"] = { "ยูราลิกดั้งเดิม", 288765, "urj", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["urj-ugr-pro"] = { "ยูกริกดั้งเดิม", 156631, "urj-ugr", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["xnd-pro"] = { "Proto-Na-Dene", 116773233, "xnd", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["xgn-pro"] = { "มองโกลิกดั้งเดิม", 2493677, "xgn", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", sort_key = { from = {"č", "i", "ï", "ǰ", "ŋ", "ö", "š", "ü"}, to = {"c", "i" .. p[1], "i", "j", "n" .. p[1], "o" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "u" .. p[1]}, }, } m["yok-bvy"] = { "Buena Vista Yokuts", 4985474, "yok", "Latn", } m["yok-dly"] = { "Delta Yokuts", 70923266, "yok", "Latn", } m["yok-gsy"] = { "Gashowu Yokuts", 3098708, "yok", "Latn", } m["yok-kry"] = { "Kings River Yokuts", 6413014, "yok", "Latn", } m["yok-nvy"] = { "Northern Valley Yokuts", 85789777, "yok", "Latn", } m["yok-ply"] = { "Palewyami Yokuts", 2387391, "yok", "Latn", } m["yok-svy"] = { "Southern Valley Yokuts", 12642473, "yok", "Latn", } m["yok-tky"] = { "Tule-Kaweah Yokuts", 7851988, "yok", "Latn", } m["ypk-pro"] = { "Proto-Yupik", 116773295, "ypk", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["yrk-for"] = { "Forest Nenets", 1295107, "yrk", "Cyrl", translit = "yrk-for-translit", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.macron .. c.breve .. c.dotabove}, } m["yrk-tun"] = { "Tundra Nenets", 36452, "yrk", "Cyrl", strip_diacritics = { from = {"ӑ", "а̄", "э̇", "ӣ", "ы̄", "ӯ", "ю̄", "я̆", "я̄"}, to = {"а", "а", "э", "и", "ы", "у", "ю", "я", "я"}, }, translit = "yrk-tun-translit", } m["zhx-min-pro"] = { "หมิ่นดั้งเดิม", 19646347, "zhx-min", "Latn", type = "reconstructed", } m["zhx-sht"] = { "Shaozhou Tuhua", 1920769, "zhx", "Nshu, Hants", generate_forms = "zh-generateforms", sort_key = {Hani = "Hani-sortkey"}, } m["zhx-sic"] = { "เสฉวน", 2278732, "zhx-man", "Hants", generate_forms = "zh-generateforms", translit = "zh-translit", sort_key = "Hani-sortkey", } m["zhx-tai"] = { "ห่อยซัน", 2208940, "zhx-yue", "Hants", generate_forms = "zh-generateforms", translit = "zh-translit", sort_key = "Hani-sortkey", } m["zle-ono"] = { "Old Novgorodian", 162013, "zle", "Cyrs, Glag", translit = {Cyrs = "Cyrs-translit", Glag = "Glag-translit"}, -- Cyrs strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["zle-ort"] = { "รูซินเก่า", 13211, "zle", "Arab, Cyrs, Latn", ancestors = "orv", translit = { Cyrs = "zle-ort-translit", Arab = "zle-ort-Arab-translit", }, strip_diacritics = { Cyrs = { remove_diacritics = m_langdata.chars_substitutions["Cyrs_remove_diacritics"], remove_exceptions = {"Ї", "ї"}, }, Arab = "ar-stripdiacritics", }, -- Cyrs sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["zls-chs"] = { "Church Slavonic", 33251, "zls", "Cyrs, Glag, Latn", ancestors = "cu", translit = { Cyrs = "Cyrs-translit", Glag = "Glag-translit" }, -- Cyrs strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["zlw-ocs"] = { "เช็กเก่า", 593096, "zlw", "Latn", } m["zlw-opl"] = { "โปแลนด์เก่า", 149838, "zlw-lch", "Latn", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.ringabove}, } m["zlw-osk"] = { "สโลวักเก่า", 12776676, "zlw", "Latn", } m["zlw-slv"] = { "สโลวินช์", 36822, "zlw-pom", "Latn", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.macron .. c.breve}, } return require("Module:languages").finalizeData(m, "language") mz6y48y0bst5rlwdzeddefx0bfv6y2v มอดูล:families/data 828 36444 5753690 5726529 2026-08-02T01:56:46Z OctraBot 3198 5753690 Scribunto text/plain --[=[ This module contains definitions for all language family codes on Wiktionary. ]=]-- local m = {} m["aav"] = { "ออสโตรเอเชียติก", 33199, aliases = {"ออสโตร-เอเชียติก", "Austroasiatic", "Austro-Asiatic"}, } m["aav-khs"] = { "คาเซียน", 3073734, "aav", aliases = {"คาซิก", "Khasian", "Khasic"}, } m["aav-nic"] = { "นิโคบารีส", 217380, "aav", aliases = {"Nicobarese"}, } m["aav-pkl"] = { "ปนัร-คาซี-ลึงงัม", nil, "aav-khs", aliases = {"Pnar-Khasi-Lyngngam"}, } m["afa"] = { "แอฟโฟรเอเชียติก", 25268, aliases = {"แอฟโฟร-เอเชียติก", "Afroasiatic", "Afro-Asiatic"}, } m["alg"] = { "แอลกองเคียน", -- silent u 33392, "aql", aliases = {"Algonquian"}, } m["alg-abp"] = { "Abenaki-Penobscot", 197936, "alg-eas", } m["alg-ara"] = { "Arapahoan", 2153686, "alg", } m["alg-eas"] = { "Eastern Algonquian", 2257525, "alg", } m["alg-sfk"] = { "Sac-Fox-Kickapoo", 1440172, "alg", } m["alv"] = { "แอตแลนติก-คองโก", 771124, "nic", aliases = {"Atlantic-Congo"}, } m["alv-aah"] = { "Ayere-Ahan", 750953, "alv-von", } m["alv-ada"] = { "Adamawa", 32906, "alv-sav", } m["alv-bag"] = { "Baga", 2746083, "alv-mel", } m["alv-bak"] = { "Bak", 1708174, "alv-sng", } m["alv-bam"] = { "Bambukic", 4853456, "alv-ada", aliases = {"Yungur-Jen"}, } m["alv-bny"] = { "Banyum", 2892477, "alv-nyn", } m["alv-bua"] = { "Bua", 4982094, "alv-mbd", } m["alv-bwj"] = { "Bikwin-Jen", 84542501, "alv-bam", } m["alv-cng"] = { "Cangin", 1033184, "alv-fwo", } m["alv-ctn"] = { "Central Tano", 1658486, "alv-ptn", aliases = {"Akan"}, } m["alv-dlt"] = { "Delta Edoid", nil, "alv-edo", } m["alv-dur"] = { "Duru", 5316788, "alv-lni", } m["alv-ede"] = { "Ede", 35368, "alv-yor", } m["alv-edk"] = { "Edekiri", 5336735, "alv-yrd", } m["alv-edo"] = { "Edoid", 1287469, "alv-von", } m["alv-eeo"] = { "Edo-Esan-Ora", 12630439, "alv-nce", } m["alv-fli"] = { "Fali", 3450166, "alv", } m["alv-fwo"] = { "ฟูลา-โวลอฟ", 12631267, "alv-sng", aliases = {"Fula-Wolof"}, } m["alv-gbe"] = { "กเบ", 668284, "alv-von", aliases = {"Gbe"}, } m["alv-gda"] = { "Ga-Dangme", 3443338, "alv-kwa", } m["alv-gng"] = { "Guang", 684009, "alv-ptn", } m["alv-gtm"] = { "Ghana-Togo Mountain", 493020, "alv-kwa", aliases = {"Togo Remnant", "Central Togo"}, } m["alv-hei"] = { "Heiban", 108752116, "alv-the", } m["alv-ido"] = { "Idomoid", 974196, "alv-von", } m["alv-igb"] = { "Igboid", 1429100, "alv-von", } m["alv-jfe"] = { "Jola-Felupe", 1708174, "alv-jol", aliases = {"Ejamat"}, } m["alv-jol"] = { "Jola", 35176, "alv-bak", aliases = {"Diola"}, } m["alv-kim"] = { "Kim", 6409701, "alv-mbd", } m["alv-kis"] = { "Kissi", 35696, "alv-mel", } m["alv-krb"] = { "Karaboro", 4213541, "alv-snf", } m["alv-ktg"] = { "Ka-Togo", 5972796, "alv-gtm", } m["alv-kul"] = { "Kulango", 16977424, "alv-sav", aliases = {"Kulango-Lorhon", "Kulango-Lorom"}, } m["alv-kwa"] = { "Kwa", 33430, "nic-vco", } m["alv-lag"] = { "Lagoon", 111210042, "alv-kwa", } m["alv-lek"] = { "Leko", 6520642, other_names = {"Sambaic"}, -- appears to be an alias in Glottolog "alv-lni", } m["alv-lim"] = { "Limba", 35825, "alv", } m["alv-lni"] = { "Leko-Nimbari", 1708170, "alv-ada", other_names = {"Central Adamawa"}, aliases = {"Chamba-Mumuye"}, } m["alv-mbd"] = { "Mbum-Day", 6799816, "alv-ada", } m["alv-mbm"] = { "Mbum", 6799814, "alv-mbd", } m["alv-mel"] = { "Mel", 12122355, "alv", } m["alv-mum"] = { "Mumuye", 84607009, "alv-mye", } m["alv-mye"] = { "Mumuye-Yendang", 6935539, "alv-lni", } m["alv-nal"] = { "Nalu", nil, "alv-sng", } m["alv-nce"] = { "North-Central Edoid", 16110869, "alv-edo", } m["alv-ngb"] = { "Nupe-Gbagyi", 12638649, "alv-nup", aliases = {"Nupe-Gbari"}, } m["alv-ntg"] = { "Na-Togo", nil, "alv-gtm", } m["alv-nup"] = { "Nupoid", 1429143, "alv-von", } m["alv-nwd"] = { "Northwestern Edoid", 16111012, "alv-edo", } m["alv-nyn"] = { "Nyun", nil, "alv-fwo", } m["alv-pap"] = { "Papel", 7132562, "alv-bak", } m["alv-pph"] = { "Phla-Pherá", 3849625, "alv-gbe", } m["alv-ptn"] = { "Potou-Tano", 1475003, "alv-kwa", } m["alv-sav"] = { "Savanna", 4403672, "nic-vco", aliases = {"Savannas"}, } m["alv-sma"] = { "Suppire-Mamara", 4446348, "alv-snf", } m["alv-snf"] = { "Senufo", 33795, "alv", aliases = {"Senufic", "Senoufo"}, } m["alv-sng"] = { "เซเนแกมเบียน", 1708753, "alv", aliases = {"Senegambian"}, } m["alv-snr"] = { "Senari", 4416084, "alv-snf", } m["alv-swd"] = { "Southwestern Edoid", 12633903, "alv-edo", } m["alv-tal"] = { "Talodi", 12643302, "alv-the", } m["alv-tdj"] = { "Tagwana-Djimini", 7675362, "alv-snf", } m["alv-ten"] = { "Tenda", 3217535, "alv-fwo", } m["alv-the"] = { "Talodi-Heiban", 1521145, "alv", } m["alv-von"] = { "วอลตา-ไนเจอร์", 34177, "nic-vco", aliases = {"Volta-Niger"}, } m["alv-wan"] = { "Wara-Natyoro", 7968830, "alv-sav", } m["alv-wjk"] = { "Waja-Kam", nil, "alv-ada", } m["alv-yek"] = { "Yekhee", nil, "alv-nce", } m["alv-yor"] = { "Yoruba", nil, "alv-edk", } m["alv-yrd"] = { "Yoruboid", 1789745, "alv-von", } m["alv-yun"] = { "Yungur", 84601642, "alv-bam", aliases = {"Bena-Mboi"}, } m["apa"] = { "Apachean", 27758, "ath", aliases = {"Southern Athabaskan"}, } m["aqa"] = { "Alacalufan", 1288430, } m["aql"] = { "แอลจิก", 721612, aliases = {"Algic", "Algonquian-Ritwan", "Algonquian-Wiyot-Yurok"}, } m["art"] = { "ประดิษฐ์", 33215, "qfa-not", aliases = {"constructed", "artificial", "planned"}, } m["ath"] = { "Athabaskan", 27475, "xnd", } m["ath-nor"] = { "North Athabaskan", 20738, "ath", aliases = {"Northern Athabaskan"}, } m["ath-pco"] = { "Pacific Coast Athabaskan", 20654, "ath", } m["auf"] = { "Arauan", 626772, aliases = {"Arahuan", "Arauán", "Arawa", "Arawan", "Arawán"}, } --[=[ Exceptional language and family codes for Australian Aboriginal languages can use the prefix "aus-", though "aus" is no longer itself a family code. ]=]-- m["aus-arn"] = { "Arnhem", 2581700, aliases = {"Gunwinyguan", "Macro-Gunwinyguan"}, } m["aus-bub"] = { "Bunuban", 2495148, aliases = {"Bunaban"}, } m["aus-cww"] = { "Central New South Wales", 5061507, "aus-pam", } m["aus-dal"] = { "Daly", 2478079, } m["aus-dyb"] = { "Dyirbalic", 1850666, "aus-pam", } m["aus-gar"] = { "Garawan", 5521951, } m["aus-gun"] = { "Gunwinyguan", 2581700, "aus-arn", aliases = {"Gunwingguan"}, } m["aus-jar"] = { "Jarrakan", 2039423, } m["aus-kar"] = { "Karnic", 4215578, "aus-pam", } m["aus-mir"] = { "Mirndi", 4294095, } m["aus-nga"] = { "Ngayarda", 16153490, "aus-psw", } m["aus-nyu"] = { "Nyulnyulan", 2039408, } m["aus-pam"] = { "ปามา-ญูงัน", 33942, aliases = {"Pama-Nyungan"}, } m["aus-pmn"] = { "Paman", 2640654, "aus-pam", } m["aus-psw"] = { "Southwest Pama-Nyungan", 2258160, "aus-pam", } m["aus-rnd"] = { "Arandic", 4784071, "aus-pam", } m["aus-tnk"] = { "Tangkic", 1823065, } m["aus-wdj"] = { "Iwaidjan", 4196968, aliases = {"Yiwaidjan"}, } m["aus-wor"] = { "Worrorran", 2038619, } m["aus-yid"] = { "Yidinyic", 4205849, "aus-pam", } m["aus-yng"] = { "Yangmanic", 42727644, } m["aus-yol"] = { "Yolngu", 2511254, "aus-pam", aliases = {"Yolŋu", "Yolngu Matha"}, } m["aus-yuk"] = { "Yuin-Kuric", 3833021, "aus-pam", } m["awd"] = { "Arawakan", 626753, aliases = {"Arawak", "Maipurean", "Maipuran"}, } m["awd-nwk"] = { "Nawiki", nil, "awd", aliases = {"Newiki"}, } m["awd-taa"] = { "Ta-Arawak", 7672731, "awd", aliases = {"Ta-Arawakan", "Ta-Maipurean"}, } m["azc"] = { "ยูโต-แอซเทกัน", 34073, aliases = {"Uto-Aztecan", "Uto-Aztekan"}, } m["azc-cup"] = { "Cupan", 19866871, "azc-tak", } m["azc-dur"] = { "Durango Nahuatl", 2386361, "azc-nah", aliases = {"Mexicanero"} } m["azc-hua"] = { "Huasteca Nahuatl", 3832950, "azc-nah", } m["azc-nah"] = { "นาวัน", 11965602, "azc", aliases = {"แอซเทกัน", "Nahuan", "Aztecan"}, } m["azc-num"] = { "Numic", 2657541, "azc", } m["azc-pim"] = { "Piman", 7194600, "azc", aliases = {"Tepiman"}, } m["azc-tak"] = { "Takic", 1280305, "azc", } m["azc-trc"] = { "Taracahitic", 4245032, "azc", aliases = {"Taracahitan"}, } m["bad"] = { "Banda", 806234, "nic-ubg", } m["bad-cnt"] = { "Central Banda", 3438391, "bad", } m["bai"] = { "Bamileke", 806005, "nic-gre", } m["bat"] = { "บอลติก", 33136, "ine-bsl", aliases = {"Baltic"}, } m["bat-eas"] = { "บอลติกตะวันออก", 149944, "bat", aliases = {"East Baltic"}, } m["bat-wes"] = { "บอลติกตะวันตก", 149946, "bat", aliases = {"West Baltic"}, } m["ber"] = { "เบอร์เบอร์", 25448, "afa", aliases = {"Berber", "Tamazight"}, } m["bnt"] = { "แบนทู", 33146, "nic-bds", aliases = {"Bantu"}, } m["bnt-baf"] = { "Bafia", 799784, "bnt", } m["bnt-bbo"] = { "Bafo-Bonkeng", nil, "bnt-saw", } m["bnt-bdz"] = { "Boma-Dzing", 1729203, "bnt", } m["bnt-bek"] = { "Bekwilic", nil, "bnt-ndb", } m["bnt-bki"] = { "Bena-Kinga", 16113307, "bnt-bne", } m["bnt-bmo"] = { "Bangi-Moi", nil, "bnt-bnm", } m["bnt-bne"] = { "Northeast Bantu", 7057832, "bnt", } m["bnt-bnm"] = { "Bangi-Ntomba", 806477, "bnt-bte", } m["bnt-boa"] = { "Boan", 4931250, "bnt", aliases = {"Buan", "Ababuan"}, } m["bnt-bot"] = { "Botatwe", 4948532, "bnt", } m["bnt-bsa"] = { "Basaa", 809739, "bnt", } m["bnt-bsh"] = { "Bushoong", 5001551, "bnt-bte", } m["bnt-bso"] = { "Southern Bantu", 980498, "bnt", } m["bnt-bta"] = { "Bati-Angba", 4869303, "bnt-boa", other_names = {"Late Bomokandian"}, aliases = {"Bwa"}, } m["bnt-btb"] = { "Beti", 35118, "bnt", } m["bnt-bte"] = { "Bangi-Tetela", 4855181, "bnt", } m["bnt-bun"] = { "Buja-Ngombe", 4986733, "bnt-mbb", } m["bnt-chg"] = { "Chaga", 33016, "bnt-cht", } m["bnt-cht"] = { "Chaga-Taita", nil, "bnt-bne", } m["bnt-clu"] = { "Chokwe-Luchazi", 3339273, "bnt", } m["bnt-com"] = { "Comorian", 33077, "bnt-sab", } m["bnt-glb"] = { "Great Lakes Bantu", 5599420, "bnt-bne", } m["bnt-haj"] = { "Haya-Jita", 25502360, "bnt-glb", } m["bnt-kak"] = { "Kako", nil, "bnt-pob", } m["bnt-kav"] = { "Kavango", 116544179, "bnt-ksb", } m["bnt-kbi"] = { "Komo-Bira", 6428591, "bnt-boa", } m["bnt-kel"] = { "Kele", 1738162, "bnt-kts", aliases = {"Sheke"}, } m["bnt-kil"] = { "Kilombero", 6408121, "bnt", } m["bnt-kka"] = { "Kikuyu-Kamba", 16114410, "bnt-bne", aliases = {"Thagiicu"}, } m["bnt-kmb"] = { "Kimbundu", 16947687, "bnt", } m["bnt-kng"] = { "Kongo", 6429214, "bnt", } m["bnt-kpw"] = { "Kpwe", 36428, "bnt-saw", } m["bnt-ksb"] = { "Kavango-Southwest Bantu", 6379098, "bnt", } m["bnt-kts"] = { "Kele-Tsogo", 6385577, "bnt", } m["bnt-lbn"] = { "Luban", 4536504, "bnt", } m["bnt-leb"] = { "Lebonya", 6511395, "bnt", } m["bnt-lgb"] = { "Lega-Binja", 6517694, "bnt", } m["bnt-lok"] = { "Logooli-Kuria", nil, "bnt-glb", } m["bnt-lub"] = { "Luba", nil, "bnt-lbn", } m["bnt-lun"] = { "Lunda", 6704091, "bnt", } m["bnt-mak"] = { "Makua", 6740431, "bnt-bso", aliases = {"Makhuwa"}, } m["bnt-mbb"] = { "Mboshi-Buja", 6799764, "bnt", } m["bnt-mbe"] = { "Mbole-Enya", 6799728, "bnt", } m["bnt-mbi"] = { "Mbinga", nil, "bnt-rur", } m["bnt-mbo"] = { "Mboshi", 6799763, "bnt-mbb", } m["bnt-mbt"] = { "Mbete", 1346910, "bnt-tmb", aliases = {"Mbere"}, } m["bnt-mby"] = { "Mbeya", nil, "bnt-ruk", } m["bnt-mij"] = { "Mijikenda", 6845474, "bnt-sab", } m["bnt-mka"] = { "Makaa", nil, "bnt-ndb", } m["bnt-mne"] = { "Manenguba", 31147471, "bnt", aliases = {"Mbo", "Ngoe"}, } m["bnt-mnj"] = { "Makaa-Njem", 1603899, "bnt-pob", } m["bnt-mon"] = { "Mongo", nil, "bnt-bnm", } m["bnt-mra"] = { "Mbugwe-Rangi", 6799795, "bnt", } m["bnt-msl"] = { "Masaba-Luhya", 12636428, "bnt-glb", } m["bnt-mwi"] = { "Mwika", nil, "bnt-ruk", } m["bnt-ncb"] = { "Northeast Coast Bantu", 7057848, "bnt-bne", } m["bnt-ndb"] = { "Ndzem-Bomwali", nil, "bnt-mnj", } m["bnt-ngn"] = { "Ngondi-Ngiri", 7022532, "bnt-mbb", } m["bnt-ngu"] = { "งูนี", 961559, "bnt-bso", aliases = {"Nguni", "Ngoni"}, } m["bnt-nya"] = { "Nyali", 7070832, "bnt-leb", } m["bnt-nyb"] = { "Nyanga-Buyi", 7070882, "bnt", } m["bnt-nyg"] = { "Nyoro-Ganda", 12638666, "bnt-glb", } m["bnt-nys"] = { "นยาซา", 7070921, "bnt", aliases = {"Nyasa"}, } m["bnt-nze"] = { "Nzebi", 1755498, "bnt-tmb", aliases = {"Njebi"}, } m["bnt-ova"] = { "Ovambo", 36489, "bnt-swb", aliases = {"Oshivambo", "Oshiwambo", "Owambo"}, } m["bnt-par"] = { "Pare", nil, "bnt-ncb", } m["bnt-pen"] = { "Pende", 7162373, "bnt", } m["bnt-pob"] = { "Pomo-Bomwali", nil, "bnt", } m["bnt-ruk"] = { "Rukwa", 7378902, "bnt", } m["bnt-run"] = { "Rungwe", nil, "bnt-ruk", } m["bnt-rur"] = { "Rufiji-Ruvuma", 7377947, "bnt", } m["bnt-ruv"] = { "Ruvu", nil, "bnt-ncb", } m["bnt-rvm"] = { "Ruvuma", nil, "bnt-rur", } m["bnt-sab"] = { "Sabaki", 2209395, "bnt-ncb", } m["bnt-saw"] = { "Sawabantu", 532003, "bnt", } m["bnt-sbi"] = { "Sabi", 7396071, "bnt", } m["bnt-seu"] = { "Seuta", nil, "bnt-ncb", } m["bnt-shh"] = { "Shi-Havu", nil, "bnt-glb", } m["bnt-sho"] = { "Shona", 2904660, "bnt", } m["bnt-sir"] = { "Sira", 1436372, "bnt", aliases = {"Shira-Punu"}, } m["bnt-ske"] = { "Soko-Kele", nil, "bnt-bte", } m["bnt-sna"] = { "Sena", nil, "bnt-nys", } m["bnt-sts"] = { "Sotho-Tswana", 2038386, "bnt-bso", } m["bnt-swb"] = { "Southwest Bantu", 116543539, "bnt-ksb", } m["bnt-swh"] = { "Swahili", nil, "bnt-sab", } m["bnt-tek"] = { "Teke", 36528, "bnt-tmb", } m["bnt-tet"] = { "Tetela", 7706059, "bnt-bte", } m["bnt-tkc"] = { "Central Teke", 36473, "bnt-tek", } m["bnt-tkm"] = { "Takama", nil, "bnt-bne", } m["bnt-tmb"] = { "Teke-Mbede", 7695332, "bnt", aliases = {"Teke-Mbere"}, } m["bnt-tso"] = { "Tsogo", 2458420, other_names = {"Okani"}, --appears to be an alias in Glottolog "bnt-kts", } m["bnt-tsr"] = { "Tswa-Ronga", 12643962, "bnt-bso", } m["bnt-yak"] = { "Yaka", 8047027, "bnt", } m["bnt-yko"] = { "Yasa-Kombe", nil, "bnt-saw", } m["bnt-zbi"] = { "Zamba-Binza", nil, "bnt-bnm", } m["btk"] = { "Batak", 1998595, "poz-nws", } --[=[ Exceptional language and family codes for Central American Indian languages may use the prefix "cai-", though "cai" is no longer itself a family code. ]=]-- --[=[ Exceptional language and family codes for Caucasian languages can use the prefix "cau-", though "cau" is no longer itself a family code. ]=]-- m["cau-abz"] = { "Abkhaz-Abaza", 4663617, "cau-nwc", other_names = {"Abkhaz-Tapanta"}, aliases = {"Abazgi"}, } m["cau-and"] = { "Andian", 492152, "cau-ava", aliases = {"Andic"}, } m["cau-ava"] = { "Avaro-Andian", 4055404, "cau-nec", aliases = {"Avar-Andian", "Avar-Andi", "Avar-Andic"}, } m["cau-cir"] = { "Circassian", 858543, "cau-nwc", aliases = {"Cherkess"}, } m["cau-drg"] = { "Dargwa", 5222637, "cau-nec", other_names = {"Dargin"}, } m["cau-esm"] = { "Eastern Samur", nil, "cau-sam", } m["cau-ets"] = { "East Tsezian", 121437666, "cau-tsz", aliases = {"East Tsezic", "East Didoic"}, } m["cau-lzg"] = { "Lezghian", 2144370, "cau-nec", aliases = {"Lezgi", "Lezgian", "Lezgic"}, } m["cau-nkh"] = { "นัค", 24441, "cau-nec", aliases = {"คอเคเซียนเหนือ-ตอนกลาง", "Nakh", "North-Central Caucasian"}, } m["cau-nec"] = { "คอเคเซียนตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ", 27387, aliases = {"Northeast Caucasian", "Dagestanian", "Nakho-Dagestanian", "Caspian"}, } m["cau-nwc"] = { "คอเคเซียนตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือ", 33852, aliases = {"Northwest Caucasian", "Abkhazo-Adyghean", "Abkhaz-Adyghe", "Pontic"}, } m["cau-sam"] = { "Samur", 15229151, "cau-lzg", } m["cau-ssm"] = { "Southern Samur", nil, "cau-sam", } m["cau-tsz"] = { "Tsezian", 1651530, "cau-nec", aliases = {"Tsezic", "Didoic"}, } m["cau-vay"] = { "ไวนัค", 4102486, "cau-nkh", aliases = {"Vainakh", "Veinakh", "Vaynakh"}, } m["cau-wsm"] = { "Western Samur", nil, "cau-sam", } m["cau-wts"] = { "West Tsezian", 121437697, "cau-tsz", aliases = {"West Tsezic", "West Didoic"}, } m["cba"] = { "Chibchan", 520478, "qfa-mch", -- or none if Macro-Chibchan is considered undemonstrated } m["ccs"] = { "คาร์ทเวเลียน", 34030, aliases = {"คอเคเซียนใต้", "Kartvelian", "South Caucasian"}, } m["ccs-gzn"] = { "จอร์เจียน-แซน", 34030, "ccs", aliases = {"คาร์โท-แซน", "Georgian-Zan", "Karto-Zan"}, } m["ccs-zan"] = { "แซน", 2606912, "ccs-gzn", aliases = {"Zan", "Zanuri", "Colchian"}, } m["cdc"] = { "ชาดิก", 33184, "afa", aliases = {"Chadic"}, } m["cdc-cbm"] = { "ชาดิกตอนกลาง", 2251547, "cdc", aliases = {"Central Chadic", "Biu-Mandara"}, } m["cdc-est"] = { "ชาดิกตะวันออก", 2276221, "cdc", aliases = {"East Chadic"}, } m["cdc-mas"] = { "Masa", 2136092, "cdc", } m["cdc-wst"] = { "ชาดิกตะวันตก", 2447774, "cdc", aliases = {"West Chadic"}, } m["cdd"] = { "Caddoan", 1025090, } m["cel"] = { "เคลติก", 25293, "ine", aliases = {"Celtic"}, } m["cel-bry"] = { "บริทอนิก", 156877, "cel-ins", aliases = {"Brythonic", "Brittonic"}, } m["cel-brs"] = { "บริทอนิกตะวันตกเฉียงใต้", 2612853, "cel-bry", aliases = {"Southwestern Brythonic", "Southwestern Brittonic"}, } m["cel-brw"] = { "บริทอนิกตะวันตก", 593069, "cel-bry", aliases = {"Western Brythonic", "Western Brittonic"}, } m["cel-gae"] = { "Goidelic", 56433, "cel-ins", aliases = {"Gaelic"}, protoLanguage = "pgl", } m["cel-his"] = { "Hispano-Celtic", 4204136, "cel", } m["cel-ins"] = { "Insular Celtic", 214506, "cel", } m["chi"] = { "Chimakuan", 1073088, } m["chm"] = { "Mari", 973685, "urj", } m["cmc"] = { "จามิก", 2997506, "poz-mcm", aliases = {"Chamic"}, } m["crp"] = { "ครีโอล-พิดจิน", 19682167, "qfa-cnt", aliases = {"creole or pidgin"}, } m["csu"] = { "Central Sudanic", 190822, "ssa", } m["csu-bba"] = { "Bongo-Bagirmi", 3505042, "csu", } m["csu-bbk"] = { "Bongo-Baka", 4941917, "csu-bba", } m["csu-bgr"] = { "Bagirmi", 4841948, "csu-bba", aliases = {"Bagirmic"}, } m["csu-bkr"] = { "Birri-Kresh", nil, "csu", } m["csu-ecs"] = { "Eastern Central Sudanic", 16911698, "csu", aliases = {"East Central Sudanic", "Central Sudanic East", "Lendu-Mangbetu"}, } m["csu-kab"] = { "Kaba", 6343715, "csu-bba", } m["csu-lnd"] = { "Lendu", 6522357, "csu-ecs", aliases = {"Lenduic"}, } m["csu-maa"] = { "Mangbetu", 6748874, "csu-ecs", aliases = {"Mangbetu-Asoa", "Mangbetu-Asua"}, } m["csu-mle"] = { "Mangbutu-Lese", 17009406, "csu-ecs", aliases = {"Mangbutu-Efe", "Mangbutu", "Membi-Mangbutu-Efe"}, } m["csu-mma"] = { "Moru-Madi", 6915156, "csu-ecs", } m["csu-sar"] = { "Sara", 2036691, "csu-bba", } m["csu-val"] = { "Vale", 7909520, "csu-bba", } m["cus"] = { "Cushitic", 33248, "afa", } m["cus-cen"] = { "Central Cushitic", 56569, "cus", } m["cus-eas"] = { "East Cushitic", 56568, "cus", } m["cus-hec"] = { "Highland East Cushitic", 56524, "cus-eas", } m["cus-som"] = { "โซมาลอยด์", 56774, "cus-eas", aliases = {"Somaloid", "Sam", "Macro-Somali"}, } m["cus-sou"] = { "South Cushitic", 56525, "cus", } m["day"] = { "Land Dayak", 2760613, "poz", } m["del"] = { "Lenape", 2665761, "alg-eas", aliases = {"Delaware"}, } m["den"] = { "Slavey", 13272, "ath-nor", aliases = {"Slave", "Slavé"}, } m["dmn"] = { "Mande", 33681, "nic", } m["dmn-bbu"] = { "Bisa-Busa", 12627956, "dmn-mde", } m["dmn-emn"] = { "East Manding", nil, "dmn-man", } m["dmn-jje"] = { "Jogo-Jeri", nil, "dmn-mjo", } m["dmn-man"] = { "Manding", 35772, "dmn-mmo", } m["dmn-mda"] = { "Mano-Dan", nil, "dmn-mse", } m["dmn-mdc"] = { "Central Mande", 5972907, "dmn-mdw", } m["dmn-mde"] = { "Eastern Mande", 12633080, "dmn", } m["dmn-mdw"] = { "Western Mande", 16113831, "dmn", } m["dmn-mjo"] = { "Manding-Jogo", 12636153, "dmn-mdc", } m["dmn-mmo"] = { "Manding-Mokole", nil, "dmn-mva", } m["dmn-mnk"] = { "Maninka", 36186, "dmn-emn", } m["dmn-mnw"] = { "Northwestern Mande", 5972910, "dmn-mdw", } m["dmn-mok"] = { "Mokole", 16935447, "dmn-mmo", } m["dmn-mse"] = { "Southeastern Mande", 5972912, "dmn-mde", } m["dmn-msw"] = { "Southwestern Mande", 12633904, "dmn-mdw", } m["dmn-mva"] = { "Manding-Vai", nil, "dmn-mjo", } m["dmn-nbe"] = { "Nwa-Beng", nil, "dmn-mse", } m["dmn-sam"] = { "Samo", 36327, "dmn-bbu", aliases = {"Samuic"}, } m["dmn-smg"] = { "Samogo", 7410000, "dmn-mnw", aliases = {"Duun-Seenku"}, } m["dmn-snb"] = { "Soninke-Bobo", 16111680, "dmn-mnw", } m["dmn-sya"] = { "Susu-Yalunka", nil, "dmn-mdc", } m["dmn-vak"] = { "Vai-Kono", nil, "dmn-mva", } m["dmn-wmn"] = { "West Manding", nil, "dmn-man", } m["dra"] = { "ดราวิเดียน", 33311, aliases = {"Dravidian"}, } m["dra-cen"] = { "ดราวิเดียนตอนกลาง", 12628823, "dra", aliases = {"Central Dravidian"}, } m["dra-gki"] = { "Gondi-Kui", 12631610, "dra-sdt", } m["dra-gon"] = { "Gondi", 55639812, "dra-gki", } m["dra-imd"] = { "Irula-Muduga", nil, "dra-tkn", } m["dra-kan"] = { "Kannadoid", 6363888, "dra-tkn", protoLanguage = "dra-okn", } m["dra-kki"] = { "Konda-Kui", nil, "dra-gki", } m["dra-kml"] = { "Kurukh-Malto", 68002822, "dra-nor", } m["dra-knk"] = { "Kolami-Naiki", 10547037, "dra-cen", } m["dra-kod"] = { "Kodagu", 67983106, "dra-tkd", } m["dra-kor"] = { "Koraga", 33394, "dra-tlk", } m["dra-mal"] = { "Malayalamoid", 6741581, "dra-tml", } m["dra-mdy"] = { "Madiya", 27602, "dra-gon", } m["dra-mlo"] = { "Malto", nil, "dra-kml", } m["dra-mur"] = { "Muria", 6938499, "dra-gon", } m["dra-nor"] = { "ดราวิเดียนเหนือ", 16110967, "dra", aliases = {"North Dravidian"}, } m["dra-pgd"] = { "Parji-Gadaba", 10620428, "dra-cen", } m["dra-sdo"] = { "ดราวิเดียนใต้ที่หนึ่ง", 16112843, -- Wikipedia's "South Dravidian" is South Dravidian I in this scheme. "dra-sou", aliases = {"ดราวิเดียนใต้ I", "ดราวิเดียนใต้", "South Dravidian I", "South Dravidian"}, -- This is why I and II are used. } m["dra-sdt"] = { "ดราวิเดียนใต้ที่สอง", 12633975, "dra-sou", aliases = {"ดราวิเดียนใต้ II", "ดราวิเดียนใต้-ตอนกลาง", "South Dravidian II", "South-Central Dravidian"}, } m["dra-sou"] = { "ดราวิเดียนใต้", 128886618, "dra", aliases = {"South Dravidian", "Southern Dravidian"}, } m["dra-tam"] = { "Tamiloid", 7681417, "dra-tml", protoLanguage = "oty", } m["dra-tel"] = { "Teluguic", nil, "dra-sdt", protoLanguage = "dra-ote", } m["dra-tkd"] = { "Tamil-Kodagu", 25494510, "dra-tkn", } m["dra-tkn"] = { "Tamil-Kannada", 6478506, "dra-sdo", } m["dra-tkt"] = { "Toda-Kota", 67983857, "dra-tkd", } m["dra-tlk"] = { "Tulu-Koraga", nil, "dra-sdo", } m["dra-tml"] = { "Tamil-Malayalam", 10690507, "dra-tkd", } m["egx"] = { "อิจิปเชียน", 50868, "afa", aliases = {"Egyptian"}, protoLanguage = "egy", } m["ero"] = { "Horpa", 56854, "sit-wgy", } m["esx"] = { "Eskimo-Aleut", 25946, } m["esx-esk"] = { "เอสกิโม", 25946, "esx", aliases = {"Eskimo"}, } m["esx-inu"] = { "อินุอิต", 27796, "esx-esk", aliases = {"Inuit"}, } m["euq"] = { "วาสโกนิก", 4669240, aliases = {"Vasconic"}, } m["gba"] = { "Gbaya", 3099986, "alv-sav", } m["gba-eas"] = { "Eastern Gbaya", nil, "gba", } m["gba-sou"] = { "Southern Gbaya", nil, "gba", } m["gba-wes"] = { "Western Gbaya", nil, "gba", } m["gem"] = { "เจอร์แมนิก", 21200, "ine", aliases = {"Germanic"}, } m["gio"] = { "Gelao", 56401, "qfa-kra", } m["gme"] = { "เจอร์แมนิกตะวันออก", 108662, "gem", aliases = {"East Germanic"}, } m["gmq"] = { "เจอร์แมนิกเหนือ", 106085, "gem", aliases = {"North Germanic"}, } m["gmq-eas"] = { "สแกนดิเนเวียนตะวันออก", 3090263, "gmq", protoLanguage = "non-oen", aliases = {"East Scandinavian"}, } m["gmq-ins"] = { "Insular Scandinavian", nil, "gmq-wes", } m["gmq-wes"] = { "สแกนดิเนเวียนตะวันตก", 1792570, "gmq", protoLanguage = "non-own", aliases = {"West Scandinavian"}, } m["gmw"] = { "เจอร์แมนิกตะวันตก", 26721, "gem", aliases = {"West Germanic"}, } m["gmw-afr"] = { "แองโกล-ฟรีเชียน", 5329170, "gmw-nsg", aliases = {"Anglo-Frisian"}, } m["gmw-ang"] = { "แองกลิก", 1346342, "gmw-afr", aliases = {"Anglic"}, protoLanguage = "ang", } m["gmw-fri"] = { "ฟรีเชียน", 25325, "gmw-afr", aliases = {"Frisian"}, protoLanguage = "ofs", } m["gmw-frk"] = { "Low Franconian", 153050, "gmw", protoLanguage = "frk", } m["gmw-hgm"] = { "ไฮเจอร์แมน", 52040, "gmw", aliases = {"เยอรมันสูง", "High German"}, -- ไม่สามารถใช้คำว่า เยอรมันสูง เพราะซ้ำกับชื่อภาษา protoLanguage = "goh", } m["gmw-ian"] = { "Irish Anglo-Norman", 120719384, "gmw-ang", protoLanguage = "enm", } m["gmw-lgm"] = { "โลว์เจอร์แมน", 25433, "gmw-nsg", aliases = {"เยอรมันต่ำ", "Low German"}, -- ไม่สามารถใช้คำว่า เยอรมันต่ำ เพราะซ้ำกับชื่อภาษา protoLanguage = "osx", } m["gmw-nsg"] = { "North Sea Germanic", 30134, "gmw", aliases = {"Ingvaeonic"}, } m["gn"] = { "กัวรานี", 35876, "tup-gua", aliases = {"Guarani", "Guaraní"}, } m["grb"] = { "Grebo proper", 35257, "kro-grb", } m["grk"] = { "เฮลเลนิก", 2042538, "ine", aliases = {"กรีก", "Hellenic", "Greek"}, } m["him"] = { "Western Pahari", 10939493, "inc-pah", aliases = {"Himachali"}, } m["hmn"] = { "ม้ง", 3307894, "hmx", aliases = {"Hmong"}, } m["hmx"] = { "ม้ง-เมี่ยน", 33322, aliases = {"แม้ว-เย้า", "Hmong-Mien", "Miao-Yao"}, } m["hmx-mie"] = { "เมี่ยน", 7992695, "hmx", aliases = {"Mien"}, } m["hok"] = { "Hokan", 33406, } m["hyx"] = { "อาร์มีเนียน", 8785, "ine", aliases = {"Armenian"}, } m["iir"] = { "อินโด-อิเรเนียน", 33514, "ine", aliases = {"อินโด-อิหร่าน", "Indo-Iranian"}, } m["iir-nur"] = { "Nuristani", 161804, "iir", } m["nur-nor"] = { "Northern Nuristani", nil, "iir-nur", } m["nur-sou"] = { "Southern Nuristani", nil, "iir-nur", } m["ijo"] = { "Ijoid", 1325759, "nic", other_names = {"Ijaw"}, -- Ijaw may be a subfamily } m["inc"] = { "อินโด-อารยัน", 33577, "iir", aliases = {"อินดิก", "Indo-Aryan", "Indic"}, } m["inc-bas"] = { "Bengali-Assamese", 4179137, "inc-eas", aliases = {"Assamese-Bengali", "Gauda-Kamarupa"}, } m["inc-bhi"] = { "Bhil", 4901727, "inc-cen", } m["inc-bih"] = { "Bihari", 135305, "inc-eas", } m["inc-cen"] = { "อินโด-อารยันตอนกลาง", 10979187, "inc", aliases = {"Central Indo-Aryan"}, protoLanguage = "inc-asa", } m["inc-chi"] = { "Chitrali", 11732797, "inc-dar", } m["inc-dar"] = { "Dardic", 161101, "inc", protoLanguage = "inc-ash", } m["inc-dre"] = { "Eastern Dardic", nil, "inc-dar", } m["inc-dng"] = { "Dangari", nil, "inc-shn", } m["inc-eas"] = { "อินโด-อารยันตะวันออก", 12593391, "inc", aliases = {"Eastern Indo-Aryan"}, protoLanguage = "inc-aav", } m["inc-hal"] = { "Halbic", 16910593, "inc-eas", aliases = {"Halbi"}, } m["inc-hie"] = { "ฮินดีตะวันออก", 4126648, "inc-cen", aliases = {"Eastern Hindi", "Purabiyā"}, protoLanguage = "inc-apa", } m["inc-hiw"] = { "ฮินดีตะวันตก", 12600937, "inc-cen", aliases = {"Western Hindi"}, protoLanguage = "inc-ohi", } m["inc-hnd"] = { "ฮินดูสตานี", 11051, "inc-hiw", aliases = {"ฮินดู-อูรดู", "Hindustani", "Hindi-Urdu"}, protoLanguage = "hi-mid", } m["inc-ins"] = { "Insular Indo-Aryan", 12179302, "inc", protoLanguage = "inc-apa", } m["inc-kas"] = { "Kashmiric", nil, "inc-dre", aliases = {"Kashmiri"}, } m["inc-koh"] = { "Kohistani", 13018610, "inc-dre", } m["inc-krd"] = { "KRDS languages", 6356154, "inc-eas", aliases = {"Kamta, Rajbanshi, Deshi and Surjapuri", "KRNB languages", "Kamta, Rajbanshi and Northern Deshi Bangla"}, } m["inc-kun"] = { "Kunar", nil, "inc-dar", } m["inc-mid"] = { "อินโด-อารยันกลาง", 3236316, "inc", aliases = {"Middle Indo-Aryan", "Middle Indic"}, } m["inc-nwe"] = { "อินโด-อารยันตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือ", 16111018, "inc", aliases = {"Northwestern Indo-Aryan"}, protoLanguage = "pra-pai", } m["inc-nor"] = { "อินโด-อารยันเหนือ", 946077, "inc", aliases = {"Northern Indo-Aryan"}, protoLanguage = "inc-aka", } m["inc-old"] = { "อินโด-อารยันเก่า", 118976896, "inc", aliases = {"Old Indo-Aryan", "Old Indic"}, } m["inc-pah"] = { "Pahari", 946077, "inc-nor", aliases = {"Pahadi"}, protoLanguage = "inc-aka", } m["inc-pan"] = { "Punjabic", 2656685, "inc-nwe", aliases = {"Greater Punjabic"}, protoLanguage = "inc-ata", } m["inc-pas"] = { "Pashayi", 36670, "inc-dar", aliases = {"Pashai"}, } m["inc-rom"] = { "Romani", 13201, "inc-wes", aliases = {"Romany", "Gypsy", "Gipsy"}, } m["inc-shn"] = { "Shinaic", 12646125, "inc-dre", } m["inc-snd"] = { "Sindhic", 7522212, "inc-nwe", protoLanguage = "inc-avr", } m["inc-sou"] = { "อินโด-อารยันใต้", 10856062, "inc", aliases = {"Southern Indo-Aryan"}, protoLanguage = "inc-ama", } m["inc-tha"] = { "Tharu", 34035, "inc-eas", } m["inc-wes"] = { "อินโด-อารยันตะวันตก", nil, "inc", aliases = {"Western Indo-Aryan"}, protoLanguage = "inc-agu", } m["ine"] = { "อินโด-ยูโรเปียน", 19860, aliases = {"อินโด-เจอร์แมนิก", "Indo-European", "Indo-Germanic"}, } m["ine-ana"] = { "อานาโตเลียน", 147085, "ine", aliases = {"Anatolian"}, } m["ine-bsl"] = { "บอลโต-สลาวิก", 147356, "ine", aliases = {"Balto-Slavic"}, } m["ine-toc"] = { "โทแคเรียน", 37029, "ine", aliases = {"โทคาเรียน", "Tocharian", "Tokharian"}, } m["ira"] = { "อิเรเนียน", 33527, "iir", aliases = {"อิหร่าน", "Iranian"}, } m["ira-csp"] = { "แคสเปียน", 5049123, "ira-mpr", aliases = {"Caspian"}, } m["ira-cen"] = { "อิเรเนียนตอนกลาง", nil, "ira", aliases = {"อิหร่านตอนกลาง", "Central Iranian"}, } m["ira-kms"] = { "Komisenian", nil, "ira-mpr", aliases = {"Semnani"}, } m["ine-luw"] = { "Luwic", 115748615, "ine-ana", aliases = {"Luvic"}, } m["ira-mid"] = { "อิเรเนียนกลาง", 6841465, "ira", aliases = {"อิหร่านกลาง", "Middle Iranian"}, } m["ira-mny"] = { "Munji-Yidgha", nil, "ira-sym", aliases = {"Yidgha-Munji"}, } m["ira-msh"] = { "Mazanderani-Shahmirzadi", nil, "ira-csp", } m["ira-nei"] = { "อิเรเนียนตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ", 10775567, "ira", aliases = {"อิหร่านตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ", "Northeastern Iranian"}, } m["ira-nwi"] = { "อิเรเนียนตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือ", 390576, "ira-wes", aliases = {"อิหร่านตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือ", "Northwestern Iranian"}, } m["ira-old"] = { "อิเรเนียนเก่า", 23301845, "ira", aliases = {"อิหร่านเก่า", "Old Iranian"}, } m["ira-orp"] = { "Ormuri-Parachi", nil, "ira-sei", } m["ira-pat"] = { "ปาทาน", nil, "ira-sei", aliases = {"Pathan"}, } m["ira-sbc"] = { "ซอกโด-แบกเตรียน", nil, "ira-nei", aliases = {"Sogdo-Bactrian"}, } m["ira-mpr"] = { "Medo-Parthian", nil, "ira-nwi", aliases = {"Partho-Median"}, } m["ira-sgi"] = { "Sanglechi-Ishkashimi", 18711232, "ira-sei", } m["ira-shr"] = { "Shughni-Roshani", 11732824, "ira-shy", } m["ira-shy"] = { "Shughni-Yazghulami", nil, "ira-sym", } m["ira-sgc"] = { "ซอกดิก", nil, "ira-sbc", aliases = {"ซอกเดียน", "Sogdic", "Sogdian"}, } m["ira-sei"] = { "อิเรเนียนตะวันออกเฉียงใต้", 3833002, "ira", aliases = {"อิหร่านตะวันออกเฉียงใต้", "Southeastern Iranian"}, } m["ira-swi"] = { "อิเรเนียนตะวันตกเฉียงใต้", 390424, "ira-wes", aliases = {"อิหร่านตะวันตกเฉียงใต้", "Southwestern Iranian"}, } m["ira-sym"] = { "Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji", nil, "ira-sei", } m["ira-wes"] = { "อิเรเนียนตะวันตก", 129850, "ira", aliases = {"อิหร่านตะวันตก", "Western Iranian"}, } m["ira-zgr"] = { "Zaza-Gorani", 167854, "ira-mpr", aliases = {"Zaza-Gurani", "Gorani-Zaza"}, } m["iro"] = { "Iroquoian", 33623, } m["iro-nor"] = { "North Iroquoian", nil, "iro", } m["itc"] = { "อิตาลิก", 131848, "ine", aliases = {"Italic"}, } m["itc-laf"] = { "Latino-Faliscan", 33478, "itc", aliases = {"Latinian"}, } m["itc-sbl"] = { "Osco-Umbrian", 515194, "itc", aliases = {"Sabellic", "Sabellian"}, } m["jpx"] = { "แจพอนิก", 33612, aliases = {"ญี่ปุ่น", "ญี่ปุ่น-รีวกีว", "แจแพนีส", "แจแพนีส-รีวกีวอัน", "Japonic", "Japanese", "Japanese-Ryukyuan"}, } m["jpx-nry"] = { "รีวกีวอันเหนือ", 20862796, "jpx-ryu", aliases = {"รีวกีวเหนือ", "Northern Ryukyuan"}, } m["jpx-ryu"] = { "รีวกีวอัน", 56393, "jpx", aliases = {"รีวกีว", "Ryukyuan"}, } m["jpx-sry"] = { "รีวกีวอันใต้", 18392243, "jpx-ryu", aliases = {"รีวกีวใต้", "Southern Ryukyuan"}, } m["kar"] = { "กะเหรี่ยง", 1364815, "sit", aliases = {"Karen"}, } m["kca"] = { "Khanty", 33563, "urj-ugr", aliases = {"Khantyic", "Khantic"}, } --[=[ Exceptional language and family codes for Khoisan and Kordofanian languages can use the prefix "khi-" and "kdo-" respectively, though they are no longer family codes themselves. ]=]-- m["khi-kal"] = { "Kalahari Khoe", nil, "khi-kho", } m["khi-khk"] = { "Khoekhoe", nil, "khi-kho", } m["khi-kkw"] = { "Khoe-Kwadi", 60785084, aliases = {"Kwadi-Khoe"}, } m["khi-kho"] = { "Khoe", 2736449, "khi-kkw", aliases = {"Central Khoisan"}, } m["khi-kxa"] = { "Kx'a", 6450587, aliases = {"Kxa", "Ju-ǂHoan"}, } m["khi-tuu"] = { "Tuu", 631046, aliases = {"Kwi", "Taa-Kwi", "Southern Khoisan", "Taa-ǃKwi", "Taa-ǃUi", "ǃUi-Taa"}, } m["kro"] = { "Kru", 33535, "nic-vco", } m["kro-aiz"] = { "Aizi", 4699431, "kro", } m["kro-bet"] = { "Bété", 32956, "kro-ekr", } m["kro-did"] = { "Dida", 32685, "kro-ekr", } m["kro-ekr"] = { "Eastern Kru", 5972899, "kro", } m["kro-grb"] = { "Grebo", 5601537, "kro-wkr", } m["kro-wee"] = { "Wee", nil, "kro-wkr", } m["kro-wkr"] = { "Western Kru", 5972897, "kro", } m["ku"] = { "เคอร์ดิช", 36368, "ira-nwi", aliases = {"เคิร์ด", "Kurdish"}, } m["kv"] = { "Komi", 36126, -- "Komi language" in Wikipedia but refers specifically to Komi-Zyrian; no Wikidata item for Komi family "urj-prm", } m["map"] = { "ออสโตรนีเซียน", 49228, aliases = {"Austronesian"}, } m["map-ata"] = { "Atayalic", 716610, "map", } m["mjg"] = { "Monguor", 34214, "xgn-shr", } m["mkh"] = { "มอญ-เขมร", 33199, "aav", aliases = {"Mon-Khmer"}, } m["mkh-asl"] = { "Aslian", 3111082, "mkh", } m["mkh-ban"] = { "Bahnaric", 56309, "mkh", } m["mkh-kat"] = { "Katuic", 56697, "mkh", } m["mkh-khm"] = { "ขมุอิก", 1323245, "mkh", aliases = {"ขมุ", "Khmuic"}, } m["mkh-kmr"] = { "ขแมริก", nil, "mkh", aliases = {"เขมร", "Khmeric"}, } m["mkh-mnc"] = { "โมนิก", 3217497, "mkh", aliases = {"มอญ", "Monic"}, } m["mkh-mng"] = { "Mangic", 3509556, "mkh", } m["mkh-nbn"] = { "North Bahnaric", 56309, "mkh-ban", } m["mkh-pal"] = { "Palaungic", 2391173, "mkh", } m["mkh-pea"] = { "แพริก", 3073022, "mkh", aliases = {"ปอร์", "เปือร์", "Pearic"}, } m["mkh-pkn"] = { "Pakanic", nil, "mkh-mng", } m["mkh-vie"] = { "เวียตติก", 2355546, "mkh", aliases = {"Vietic"}, } m["mno"] = { "มาโนโบ", 3217483, "phi", aliases = {"Manobo"}, } m["mns"] = { "Mansi", 33759, "urj-ugr", aliases = {"Mansic"}, } m["mun"] = { "มุนดา", 33892, "aav", aliases = {"Munda"}, } m["myn"] = { "มายัน", 33738, aliases = {"Mayan"}, } --[=[ Exceptional language and family codes for North American Indian languages can use the prefix "nai-", though "nai" is no longer itself a family code. ]=]-- m["nai-cat"] = { "Catawban", 3446638, "nai-sca", } m["nai-chu"] = { "Chumashan", 1288420, } m["nai-ckn"] = { "Chinookan", 610586, } m["nai-coo"] = { "Coosan", 940278, } m["nai-jcq"] = { "Jicaquean", 12179308, "hok" } m["nai-ker"] = { "Keresan", 35878, } m["nai-klp"] = { "Kalapuyan", 1569040, } m["nai-kta"] = { "Kiowa-Tanoan", 386288, } m["nai-len"] = { "Lencan", 36189, aliases = {"Lenca"}, } m["nai-mdu"] = { "Maiduan", 33502, } m["nai-miz"] = { "Mixe-Zoquean", 954016, aliases = {"Mixe-Zoque"}, } m["nai-min"] = { "Misumalpan", 281693, "qfa-mch", aliases = {"Misuluan", "Misumalpa"}, } m["nai-mus"] = { "Muskogean", 902978, aliases = {"Muskhogean"}, } m["nai-pak"] = { "Pakawan", 65085487, "hok", } m["nai-pal"] = { "Palaihnihan", 1288332, } m["nai-plp"] = { "Plateau Penutian", 2307476, } m["nai-pom"] = { "Pomoan", 2618420, "hok", aliases = {"Pomo", "Kulanapan"}, } m["nai-sca"] = { "Siouan-Catawban", 34181, } m["nai-shp"] = { "Sahaptian", 114782, "nai-plp", } m["nai-shs"] = { "Shastan", 2991735, "hok", } m["nai-tot"] = { "Totozoquean", 7828419, } m["nai-ttn"] = { "Totonacan", 34039, aliases = {"Totonac-Tepehua", "Totonacan-Tepehuan"}, varieties = {"Totonac"}, } m["nai-tqn"] = { "Tequistlatecan", 1568317, "hok", aliases = {"Tequistlatec", "Chontal", "Chontalan", "Oaxacan Chontal", "Chontal of Oaxaca"}, } m["nai-tsi"] = { "Tsimshianic", 34134, } m["nai-utn"] = { "Utian", 13371763, "nai-you", aliases = {"Miwok-Costanoan", "Mutsun"}, } m["nai-wtq"] = { "Wintuan", 1294259, aliases = {"Wintun"}, } m["nai-xin"] = { "Xincan", 1546494, aliases = {"Xinca"}, } m["nai-ykn"] = { "Yukian", 2406722, aliases = {"Yuki-Wappo"}, } m["nai-you"] = { "Yok-Utian", 2886186, } m["nai-yuc"] = { "Yuman-Cochimí", 579137, } m["ngf"] = { "Trans-New Guinea", 34018, } m["ngf-ais"] = { "Aisian", nil, "ngf-eso", } m["ngf-ang"] = { "Angan", 3217366, "ngf", aliases = {"Kratke Range"}, -- alternative name given by Wikipedia } m["ngf-ask"] = { "Asmat-Kamoro", 3031400, "ngf", -- Wikipedia uses Asmat-Kamoro to refer to a narrower group excluding the Sabakor languages (Buruwai and Kamberau, -- which Glottolog splits into North Kamrau and South Kamrau [sic]), and uses Asmat-Kamrau to refer to what we and -- Glottolog call Asmat-Kamoro. Glottolog does not recognize the narrower grouping. aliases = {"Asmat-Kamrau"}, } m["ngf-bos"] = { "Bosavi", 4947122, "ngf", aliases = {"Papuan Plateau"}, -- alternative name given by Wikipedia } m["ngf-chw"] = { "Chimbu-Wahgi", 3217383, "ngf", aliases = {"Simbu-Western Highlands"}, -- alternative name given by Wikipedia } m["ngf-dag"] = { "Dagan", 5208454, "ngf", -- not accepted as TNG by Glottolog but accepted by all others aliases = {"Meneao Range"}, } m["ngf-dan"] = { "Dani", 3217389, "ngf", -- Wikipedia renames the Dani languages to the Baliem Valley languages and sometimes (but not consistently) -- reserves the name Dani (or "Dani proper") for a narrower group excluding Wano and the poorly attested Ngalik -- languages (Nduga, Silimo, and the Yali dialect cluster, which we, following Ethnologue and Glottolog, split into -- Anggurk Yali, Ninia Yali and Pass Valley Yali). Glottolog does not recognize the narrower grouping. aliases = {"Baliem Valley"}, } m["ngf-eku"] = { "East Kutubuan", 5328752, "ngf", -- Not in TNG per Glottolog but accepted by all others. Sometimes grouped with Fasu to form a Kutubuan family. aliases = {"East Kutubu"}, -- Glottolog's name } m["ngf-eng"] = { "Engan", 3217449, "ngf", } m["ngf-eso"] = { "East Sogeram", nil, "ngf-sog", } m["ngf-est"] = { "East Strickland", 5329440, "ngf", aliases = {"Strickland River"}, -- alternative name given by Wikipedia } m["ngf-eva"] = { "Evapia", nil, "ngf-rai", aliases = {"Evapia River"}, -- Usher } m["ngf-fhu"] = { "Finisterre-Huon", 3217453, "ngf", aliases = {"Finisterre Range-Huon Peninsula"}, -- per Usher } m["ngf-fin"] = { "Finisterre", 5450373, "ngf-fhu", aliases = {"Finisterre-Saruwaged", -- Glottolog's name "Finisterre Range"}, -- per Usher } m["ngf-gaw"] = { "Greater Awyu", 12627424, "ngf", aliases = {"Digul River"}, -- used by Usher (2020) } m["ngf-gum"] = { "Gum", 5618008, "ngf-mab", } m["ngf-gsu"] = { "Gogodala-Suki", 5577428, "ngf", -- Possibly in the proposed Papuan Gulf family. Not in TNG per Glottolog but accepted by all others. aliases = {"Suki-Gogodala", -- Glottolog's name "Suki-Aramia River", -- Used in Usher (2020) }, } m["ngf-han"] = { "Hanseman", 5651020, "ngf-mab", aliases = {"Hansemann Range"}, -- Usher } m["ngf-huo"] = { "Huon", 5946109, "ngf-fhu", aliases = {"Huon Peninsula"}, -- per Usher } m["ngf-kag"] = { "Kainantu-Goroka", 3217463, "ngf", aliases = {"Eastern Highlands"}, -- per Usher (2020) } m["ngf-kak"] = { "Kalam-Kobon", 6350303, "ngf-ksa", aliases = {"Kalam", "Kaironk River"}, -- Usher (2020) } m["ngf-kau"] = { "Kaukombar", nil, "ngf-nad", aliases = {"Kaukombaran", -- Glottolog following Z'graggen (1975) "Kaukombar River"}, -- Usher's term } m["ngf-koi"] = { "Koiarian", 11154240, "ngf", -- not accepted as TNG by Glottolog but accepted by all others aliases = {"Koiari-Managalas Plateau"}, } m["ngf-kok"] = { "Kokon", -- Usher calls it South Mabuso but includes Gum in it nil, "ngf-mab", } m["ngf-kow"] = { "Kowan", 6435004, "ngf-mad", aliases = {"Isumrud Strait"}, -- per Usher (2020) } m["ngf-ksa"] = { "Kalam-Southern Adelbert", nil, "ngf-mad", aliases = {"Kalamic-South Adelbert", -- Glottolog "West Madang"}, -- Usher (2020) } m["ngf-kum"] = { "Kumil", nil, "ngf-nad", aliases = {"Kumilan", -- Pawley-Hammarström following Z'graggen (1975) "Kumil River"}, -- Usher's term } m["ngf-mab"] = { "Mabuso", 6721668, "ngf-mad", } m["ngf-mad"] = { "มาดัง", 11217556, "ngf", aliases = {"Madang", "Madang-Adelbert Range"}, -- Z'graggen (1975), corresponding to today's Madang except in lacking Kalam and Gants } m["ngf-mek"] = { "Mek", 6810515, "ngf", aliases = {"Goliath"}, -- outdated alternative name given by Wikipedia } m["ngf-min"] = { "Mindjim", 86749913, "ngf-mad", aliases = {"Lower Minjim", -- Glottolog, placed in Rai Coast by Glottolog and Pawley-Hammarström; Glottolog's -- Mindjim has 6 languages, including "Upper Minjim" (Rerau and Sgi Bara) "Mindjim River", -- Usher "Minjim", "Minjim River", }, } m["ngf-mom"] = { "Mombum", 6897077, "ngf", -- not accepted as TNG by Glottolog but accepted by all others aliases = {"Mombum-Koneraw", "Komolom", "Muli Strait"}, -- Pawley-Hammarström use Komolom, Usher uses Muli Strait } m["ngf-nad"] = { "Northern Adelbert", -- not accepted by Pawley-Hammarström 16952821, -- code for Croisilles linkage "ngf-mad", aliases = {"Adelbert Range-Isumrud Strait", -- Usher (2020) "North Adelbert", "Pihom-Isumrud"}, -- Ross? } m["ngf-nso"] = { "North Sogeram", nil, "ngf-sog", aliases = {"Mum-Sirva", -- Usher "North Central Sogeram", -- used by those who accept Central Sogeram (= North Sogeram + Apali and Manat) "North-Central Sogeram", -- rarer than without the dash "Sikan"}, -- Z’graggen (1975?) } m["ngf-num"] = { "Numugen", nil, "ngf-nad", aliases = {"Numugenan", -- Glottolog following Z'graggen 1975 "Numugen River"}, -- Usher's term } m["ngf-nur"] = { "Nuru", -- Usher excludes Yangulam, Pawley-Hammarström include Jilim and Rerau nil, "ngf-rai", aliases = {"Nuru River"}, -- Usher? } m["ngf-nwh"] = { "Northwest Hanseman", -- Usher nil, "ngf-han", aliases = {"Wamas-Samosa-Murupi-Mosimo"}, -- Glottolog, Greenhill, and Pawley-Hammarström following Z'graggen; the most common name, but very unwieldy } m["ngf-okk"] = { "Ok", 7081687, "ngf", } m["ngf-omo"] = { "Omosan", -- not included in (Greater) Northern Adelbert by Glottolog, but a sister nil, "ngf-nad", } m["ngf-pan"] = { "Paniai Lakes", 6035631, "ngf", aliases = {"Wissel Lakes", "Wissel Lakes-Kemandoga River"}, -- alternative names given by Wikipedia } m["ngf-pek"] = { "Peka", nil, "ngf-rai", aliases = {"Peka River"}, -- Usher? } m["ngf-pom"] = { "Pomoikan", nil, "ngf-sad", } m["ngf-rai"] = { "Rai Coast", 7283663, "ngf-mad", aliases = {"South Madang"}, -- Usher } m["ngf-sad"] = { "Southern Adelbert", 12633980, "ngf-ksa", aliases = {"South Adelbert", -- Glottolog "Southern Adelbert Range", -- Z'graggen (1980) "Sogeram and Tomul Rivers"}, -- Usher (2020)? } m["ngf-sbh"] = { "เซาท์เบิร์ดส์เฮด", 7566330, "ngf", aliases = {"South Bird's Head"}, } m["ngf-sog"] = { "Sogeram", 86750419, "ngf-sad", aliases = {"Sogeram River", -- Usher "Wanang"}, } m["ngf-tib"] = { "Tiboran", nil, "ngf-nad", aliases = {"Nuclear Tibor", -- Glottolog, excluding Wanambre/Mokati "Tiboran River", -- Usher (2020) "Tibor", -- Pick (2020) and Glottolog including Wanambre/Mokati } } m["ngf-usi"] = { "Utu-Silopi", nil, "ngf-han", aliases = {"Silopi-Utu"}, -- Usher } m["ngf-wso"] = { "West Sogeram", nil, "ngf-sog", aliases = {"Mand-Nend", -- Usher "Atan", -- Wurm following Z'graggen }, } m["ngf-yag"] = { "Yaganon", -- placed in Rai Coast by Glottolog and Pawley-Hammarström 35323986, "ngf-mad", aliases = {"Yaganon River"}, -- Usher } m["ngf-yar"] = { "Yareban", 16977672, "ngf", -- not accepted as TNG by Glottolog but accepted by all others aliases = {"Musa River"}, } m["nic"] = { "ไนเจอร์-คองโก", 33838, aliases = {"Niger-Congo", "Niger-Kordofanian"}, } m["nic-alu"] = { "Alumic", 4737355, "nic-plt", } m["nic-bas"] = { "Basa", 4866154, "nic-knj", } m["nic-bbe"] = { "Eastern Beboid", nil, "nic-beb", } m["nic-bco"] = { "เบนูเอ-คองโก", 33253, "nic-vco", aliases = {"Benue-Congo"}, } m["nic-bcr"] = { "Bantoid-Cross", 806983, "nic-bco", } m["nic-bdn"] = { "แบนทอยด์เหนือ", nil, "nic-bod", aliases = {"Northern Bantoid", "North Bantoid"}, } m["nic-bds"] = { "แบนทอยด์ใต้", 3183152, "nic-bod", aliases = {"Southern Bantoid", "Wide Bantu", "Bin"}, } m["nic-beb"] = { "Beboid", 813549, "nic-bds", } m["nic-ben"] = { "Bendi", 4887065, "nic-bcr", } m["nic-beo"] = { "Beromic", 4894642, "nic-plt", } m["nic-bod"] = { "แบนทอยด์", 806992, "nic-bcr", aliases = {"Bantoid"}, } m["nic-buk"] = { "Buli-Koma", nil, "nic-ovo", } m["nic-bwa"] = { "Bwa", 12628562, "nic-gur", other_names = {"Bwamu", "Bomu"}, } m["nic-cde"] = { "Central Delta", 3813191, "nic-cri", } m["nic-cri"] = { "Cross River", 1141096, "nic-bcr", } m["nic-dag"] = { "Dagbani", nil, "nic-wov", } m["nic-dak"] = { "Dakoid", 1157745, "nic-bdn", } m["nic-dge"] = { "Escarpment Dogon", 5397128, "qfa-dgn", } m["nic-dgw"] = { "West Dogon", nil, "qfa-dgn", } m["nic-eko"] = { "Ekoid", 1323395, "nic-bds", } m["nic-eov"] = { "Eastern Oti-Volta", nil, "nic-ovo", aliases = {"Samba"}, } m["nic-fru"] = { "Furu", 5509783, "nic-bds", } m["nic-gne"] = { "Eastern Gurunsi", 12633072, "nic-gns", aliases = {"Eastern Grũsi"}, } m["nic-gnn"] = { "Northern Gurunsi", nil, "nic-gns", aliases = {"Northern Grũsi"}, } m["nic-gnw"] = { "Western Gurunsi", nil, "nic-gns", aliases = {"Western Grũsi"}, } m["nic-gns"] = { "Gurunsi", 721007, "nic-gur", aliases = {"Grũsi"}, } m["nic-gre"] = { "Eastern Grassfields", 5330160, "nic-grf", } m["nic-grf"] = { "Grassfields", 750932, "nic-bds", aliases = {"Grassfields Bantu", "Wide Grassfields"}, } m["nic-grm"] = { "Gurma", 30587833, "nic-ovo", } m["nic-grs"] = { "Southwest Grassfields", 7571285, "nic-grf", } m["nic-gur"] = { "กูร์", 33536, "alv-sav", aliases = {"วอลตาอิก", "Gur", "Voltaic"}, } m["nic-ief"] = { "Ibibio-Efik", 2743643, "nic-lcr", } m["nic-jer"] = { "Jera", nil, "nic-kne", } m["nic-jkn"] = { "Jukunoid", 1711622, "nic-pla", } m["nic-jrn"] = { "Jarawan", 1683430, "nic-mba", } m["nic-jrw"] = { "Jarawa", 35423, "nic-jrn", } m["nic-kam"] = { "Kambari", 6356294, "nic-knj", } m["nic-ktl"] = { "Katloid", nil, "nic", } m["nic-kau"] = { "Kauru", nil, "nic-kne", } m["nic-kmk"] = { "Kamuku", 6359821, "nic-knj", } m["nic-kne"] = { "East Kainji", 5328687, "nic-knj", } m["nic-knj"] = { "Kainji", 681495, "nic-pla", } m["nic-knn"] = { "Northwest Kainji", 7060098, "nic-knj", } m["nic-ktl"] = { "Katloid", 6377681, "nic", aliases = {"Katla", "Katla-Tima"}, } m["nic-lcr"] = { "Lower Cross River", 3813193, "nic-cri", } m["nic-mam"] = { "Mamfe", 2005898, "nic-bds", aliases = {"Nyang"}, } m["nic-mba"] = { "Mbam", 687826, "nic-bds", } m["nic-mbc"] = { "Mba", 6799561, "nic-ubg", } m["nic-mbw"] = { "West Mbam", nil, "nic-mba", } m["nic-mmb"] = { "Mambiloid", 1888151, other_names = {"North Bantoid"}, -- per Wikipedia, North Bantoid is the parent family "nic-bdn", } m["nic-mom"] = { "Momo", 6897393, "nic-grf", } m["nic-mre"] = { "Moré", nil, "nic-wov", } m["nic-ngd"] = { "Ngbandi", 36439, "nic-ubg", } m["nic-nge"] = { "Ngemba", 7022271, "nic-gre", } m["nic-ngk"] = { "Ngbaka", 3217499, "nic-ubg", } m["nic-nin"] = { "Ninzic", 7039282, "nic-plt", } m["nic-nka"] = { "Nkambe", 7042520, "nic-gre", } m["nic-nkb"] = { "Baka", nil, "nic-nkw", } m["nic-nke"] = { "Eastern Ngbaka", nil, "nic-ngk", } m["nic-nkg"] = { "Gbanziri", nil, "nic-nkw", } m["nic-nkk"] = { "Kpala", nil, "nic-nkw", } m["nic-nkm"] = { "Mbaka", nil, "nic-nkw", } m["nic-nkw"] = { "Western Ngbaka", nil, "nic-ngk", } m["nic-npd"] = { "North Plateau Dogon", nil, "qfa-dgn", } m["nic-nun"] = { "Nun", 13654297, "nic-gre", } m["nic-nwa"] = { "Nanga-Walo", nil, "qfa-dgn", } m["nic-ogo"] = { "Ogoni", 2350726, "nic-cri", aliases = {"Ogonoid"}, } m["nic-ovo"] = { "Oti-Volta", 1157178, "nic-gur", } m["nic-pla"] = { "Platoid", 453244, "nic-bco", aliases = {"Central Nigerian"}, } m["nic-plc"] = { "Central Plateau", 5061668, "nic-plt", } m["nic-pld"] = { "Plains Dogon", nil, "qfa-dgn", } m["nic-ple"] = { "East Plateau", 5329154, "nic-plt", } m["nic-pls"] = { "South Plateau", 7568236, "nic-plt", aliases = {"Jilic-Eggonic"}, } m["nic-plt"] = { "Plateau", 1267471, "nic-pla", } m["nic-ras"] = { "Rashad", 3401986, "nic", } m["nic-rnc"] = { "Central Ring", nil, "nic-rng", } m["nic-rng"] = { "Ring", 2269051, "nic-grf", aliases = {"Ring Road"}, } m["nic-rnn"] = { "Northern Ring", nil, "nic-rng", } m["nic-rnw"] = { "Western Ring", nil, "nic-rng", } m["nic-ser"] = { "Sere", 7453058, "nic-ubg", } m["nic-shi"] = { "Shiroro", 7498953, "nic-knj", aliases = {"Pongu"}, } m["nic-sis"] = { "Sisaala", 36532, "nic-gnw", } m["nic-tar"] = { "Tarokoid", 2394472, "nic-plt", } m["nic-tiv"] = { "Tivoid", 752377, "nic-bds", } m["nic-tvc"] = { "Central Tivoid", nil, "nic-tiv", } m["nic-tvn"] = { "Northern Tivoid", nil, "nic-tiv", } m["nic-ubg"] = { "Ubangian", 33932, "nic-vco", -- or none } m["nic-uce"] = { "East-West Upper Cross River", nil, "nic-ucr", } m["nic-ucn"] = { "North-South Upper Cross River", nil, "nic-ucr", } m["nic-ucr"] = { "Upper Cross River", 4108624, "nic-cri", aliases = {"Upper Cross"}, } m["nic-vco"] = { "วอลตา-คองโก", 37228, "alv", aliases = {"Volta-Congo"} } m["nic-wov"] = { "Western Oti-Volta", nil, "nic-ovo", aliases = {"Moré-Dagbani"} } m["nic-ykb"] = { "Yukubenic", 16909196, "nic-plt", aliases = {"Oohum"}, } m["nic-ymb"] = { "Yambasa", nil, "nic-mba", } m["nic-yon"] = { "Yom-Nawdm", nil, "nic-ovo", aliases = {"Moré-Dagbani"} } m["nub"] = { "นูเบียน", 1517194, "sdv-nes", aliases = {"Nubian"}, } m["nub-hil"] = { "Hill Nubian", 5762211, "nub", aliases = {"Kordofan Nubian"}, } m["omq"] = { "Oto-Manguean", 33669, } m["omq-cha"] = { "Chatino", 35111, "omq-zap", } m["omq-chi"] = { "Chinantecan", 35828, "omq", } m["omq-cui"] = { "Cuicatec", 616024, "omq-mix", } m["omq-maz"] = { "Mazatecan", 36230, "omq", aliases = {"Mazatec"}, } m["omq-mix"] = { "Mixtecan", 21083066, "omq", } m["omq-mxt"] = { "Mixtec", 36363, "omq-mix", } m["omq-otp"] = { "Oto-Pamean", nil, "omq", } m["omq-pop"] = { "Popolocan", 5132273, "omq", } m["omq-tri"] = { "Triqui", 780200, "omq-mix", aliases = {"Trique"}, } m["omq-zap"] = { "Zapotecan", 8066463, "omq", } m["omq-zpc"] = { "Zapotec", 13214, "omq-zap", } m["omv"] = { "Omotic", 33860, "afa", } m["omv-aro"] = { "Aroid", 3699526, "omv", aliases = {"Ari-Banna", "South Omotic", "Somotic"}, } m["omv-diz"] = { "Dizoid", 430251, "omv", aliases = {"Maji", "Majoid"}, } m["omv-eom"] = { "East Ometo", 20527288, "omv-ome", } m["omv-gon"] = { "Gonga", 4143043, "omv", aliases = {"Kefoid"}, } m["omv-mao"] = { "Mao", 1351495, "omv", } m["omv-nom"] = { "North Ometo", nil, "omv-ome", } m["omv-ome"] = { "Ometo", 36310, "omv", } m["oto"] = { "Otomian", 1270220, "omq-otp", } m["oto-otm"] = { "Otomi", nil, "oto", } m["paa"] = { "ปาปวน", 236425, "qfa-not", aliases = {"Papuan"}, } m["paa-amu"] = { "Amto-Musan", 480281, aliases = {"Samaia River"}, } m["paa-ani"] = { "Anim", 55603991, aliases = {"Fly River"}, } m["paa-arf"] = { "Arafundi", 4783702, } m["paa-baw"] = { "Bayono-Awbono", 2424781, } m["paa-bin"] = { "Binanderean", 3217374, -- Wikidata doesn't distinguish Binanderean from Greater Binanderean "paa-gbi", aliases = {"Oro"}, -- Oro is used in Usher (2020) } m["paa-bng"] = { "Baining", 748487, aliases = {"East New Britain"}, } m["paa-brd"] = { "Border", 1752158, aliases = {"Upper Tami"}, } m["paa-bul"] = { "Bulaka River", 4987195, aliases = {"Yelmek-Maklew", "Jabga"}, -- Yelmek-Maklew in Evans (2018) and Gregor (2021) } m["paa-dot"] = { "Doso-Turumsa", 16917784, -- possibly related to East Strickland languages aliases = {"Soari River"}, -- Usher's name } m["paa-ebh"] = { "East Bird's Head", 338064, aliases = {"Mantion-Meax", "Mantion-Meyah", -- Mantion-Meax is Wikipedia's term "Southeast Bird's Head", -- Usher (2020) }, } m["paa-eel"] = { "Eastern Eleman", nil, "paa-ele", aliases = {"East Eleman"}, } m["paa-egb"] = { "East Geelvink Bay", 1497678, aliases = {"Geelvink Bay", "East Cenderawasih"}, -- Geelvink Bay per Glottolog } m["paa-eke"] = { "East Keram", nil, "paa-ker", } m["paa-ele"] = { "Eleman", 3034298, aliases = {"Kerema Bay"}, } m["paa-etf"] = { "Eastern Trans-Fly", 5330530, aliases = {"Oriomo"}, -- in increasing recent use, probably originating in Evans (2018) } m["paa-fas"] = { "Fas", 3502658, aliases = {"Baibai-Fas"}, -- Glottolog's name } m["paa-gbi"] = { "Greater Binanderean", 3217374, -- Wikidata doesn't distinguish Binanderean from Greater Binanderean -- often placed in Trans-New Guinea but not in Usher (2020) aliases = {"Guhu-Oro"}, -- Guhu-Oro is used in Usher (2020) } m["paa-iwm"] = { "Iwam", 15147853, "paa-spk", } m["paa-kae"] = { "Kamula-Elevala", 130390498, -- often placed in TNG aliases = {"Kamula-Elevala River"}, } m["paa-kko"] = { "Kaure-Kosare", -- rejected by Pawley-Hammarström but accepted by Glottolog, Foley (2018) and Usher (2020) 48767891, aliases = {"Nawa River"}, -- Usher's term } m["paa-kay"] = { "Kayagaric", 7566330, aliases = {"Kayagar", -- formerly common "Cook River"}, -- per Usher (2020) } m["paa-ker"] = { "Keram", 48768173, -- often grouped within or coordinate with the Ramu languages aliases = {"Keram River"}, } m["paa-kiw"] = { "Kiwaian", 338449, aliases = {"Kiwai"}, -- formerly common, still sees some use } m["paa-kol"] = { "Kolopom", 6427807, } m["paa-kun"] = { "Kunimaipan", 134973258, aliases = {"Northwest Wharton Range"}, -- per Usher (2020) -- often considered a subfamily of Goilalan } m["paa-kwa"] = { "Kwalean", 6450053, aliases = {"Humene-Uare"}, } m["paa-kwm"] = { "Kwomtari", 2075415, aliases = {"Kwomtari-Nai"}, -- Senu River is a larger unproven proposal } m["paa-lem"] = { "Left May", 614468, aliases = {"Arai River"}, -- per Usher (2020) -- Sometimes in a putative Arai-Samaia family along with Amto-Musan and the Pyu language } m["paa-lkp"] = { "Lakes Plain", aliases = {"Lakes Plains"}, 6478969, } m["paa-lsp"] = { "Lower Sepik", 7061700, aliases = {"Nor-Pondo"}, } m["paa-mai"] = { "Mairasi", 6736896, aliases = {"Mairasic"}, -- per Glottolog } m["paa-mal"] = { "Mailuan", 6735839, aliases = {"Cloudy Bay"}, } m["paa-man"] = { "Manubaran", 6752335, aliases = {"Mount Brown"}, } m["paa-mbi"] = { "Mbaham-Iha", 85784512, "qfa-dis", -- Papuan languages; Glottolog groups Karas (Kalamang) with Mbaham-Iha into a (mainland) West Bomberai -- family and stops there; Wikipedia, following Usher and Schapper (2022), groups Karas, Mbaham-Iha -- and the large Timor-Alor-Pantar family into a (Greater) West Bomberai family, saying that Karas is no -- closer to Mbaham-Iha than to Timor-Alor-Pantar. aliases = {"Mbahaam-Iha", -- used by Wikidata "Nuclear West Bomberai", -- Glottolog's name }, } m["paa-mbr"] = { "Maybratic", 4830892, -- the code for the Maybrat language in Wikipedia, which subsumes the two languages of this family -- putatively included in West Papuan but generally considered an isolated family aliases = {"Maybrat-Karon"}, } m["paa-msk"] = { "Sko", 953509, aliases = {"Skou"}, } m["paa-nbo"] = { "North Bougainville", 749496, } m["paa-ndu"] = { "Ndu", 3217498, "paa-spk", -- Not accepted by Glottolog } m["paa-nim"] = { "Nimboran", 12638426, aliases = {"Nimboranic", -- per Glottolog "Grime River" -- per Usher (2020) } } m["paa-nha"] = { "North Halmahera", 3217358, -- possibly in a proposed West Papuan family or an independent family } m["paa-pau"] = { "Pauwasi", 7155496, } m["paa-pht"] = { "Pahoturi River", 17049141, aliases = {"Pahoturi"}, -- per Glottolog } m["paa-pia"] = { "Piawi", -- per Wikipedia, grouped with Arafundi languages to form Upper Yuat, which is a sister to Madang 7190400, aliases = {"Schraeder Range", -- Usher? "Waibuk"}, } m["paa-ram"] = { "Ramu", 3442808, aliases = {"Ramu River"}, -- per Usher (2020) } m["paa-sbo"] = { "South Bougainville", 3217380, } m["paa-sen"] = { "Sentani", 17044584, -- no consensus on higher affiliations, if any aliases = {"Sentanic", "Demta-Sentani", "Demta-Lake Sentani"}, -- Sentanic per Glottolog, Demta-Sentani per Wikipedia } m["paa-sng"] = { "Senagi", 2066550, } m["paa-spk"] = { "Sepik", 3508772, } m["paa-tap"] = { "Timor-Alor-Pantar", 16590002, } m["paa-teb"] = { "Teberan", 7692052, -- Often grouped with Trans-New Guinea, but per Pawley-Hammarström (2018), it has "weaker or disputed claims to membership in TNG". aliases = {"Dadibi-Folopa"}, } m["paa-tkw"] = { "Tor-Kwerba", 7827523, } m["paa-tor"] = { "Torricelli", 1333831, } m["paa-tuk"] = { "Turama-Kikori", 7853680, aliases = {"Turama-Kikorian", "Rumu-Omati River"}, } m["paa-wal"] = { "Walio", 16919872, -- Often placed in Sepik (e.g. by Laycock and Z'graggen (1975)), but not by Foley (2018), and not accepted by Glottolog. aliases = {"Walioic", -- Glottolog "Central Leonhard Schultze River", }, } m["paa-wbh"] = { "West Bird's Head", 5330530, -- Kuwani is sometimes included; probably related to North Halmahera languages. } m["paa-wel"] = { "Western Eleman", nil, "paa-ele", aliases = {"West Eleman"}, } m["paa-wke"] = { "West Keram", nil, "paa-ker", aliases = {"Mongol-Langam", "Ulmapo"}, -- Ulmapo used by Glottolog } m["paa-yam"] = { "Yam", 15062272, aliases = {"Morehead and Upper Maro River"}, } m["paa-yaw"] = { "Yawa-Saweru", 3217545, aliases = {"Yawa", "Yawan", "Yapen"}, } m["paa-yua"] = { "Yuat", 8060096, } m["phi"] = { "ฟิลิปปินส์", 947858, "poz", aliases = {"Philippine"}, } m["phi-kal"] = { "คาลาเมียน", 3217466, "phi", aliases = {"Kalamian", "Calamian"}, } m["poz"] = { "มาลาโย-พอลินีเชียน", 143158, "map", aliases = {"Malayo-Polynesian"}, } m["poz-aay"] = { "Admiralty Islands", 2701306, "poz-oce", } m["poz-bnn"] = { "บอร์เนียวเหนือ", 1427907, "poz", aliases = {"North Bornean"}, } m["poz-bre"] = { "East Barito", 2701314, "poz", } m["poz-brw"] = { "West Barito", 2761679, "poz", } m["poz-bss"] = { "Bali-Sasak-Sumbawa", 3396043, "poz-msa", } m["poz-btk"] = { "Bungku-Tolaki", 3217381, "poz-clb", } m["poz-cet"] = { "มาลาโย-พอลินีเชียนตอนกลาง-ตะวันออก", 2269883, "poz", aliases = {"Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian"}, } m["poz-clb"] = { "Celebic", 1078041, "poz", } m["poz-cln"] = { "นิวแคลิโดเนียน", 3091221, "poz-ocs", aliases = {"New Caledonian"}, } m["poz-cma"] = { "Central Maluku", 3217479, "poz-cet", } m["poz-hce"] = { "Halmahera-Cenderawasih", 2526616, "pqe", } m["poz-kal"] = { "Kaili-Pamona", 3217465, "poz-clb", } m["poz-lgx"] = { "ลัมปุงกิก", 49215, "poz", aliases = {"Lampungic"}, } m["poz-mcm"] = { "มาลาโย-จามิก", nil, "poz-msa", aliases = {"Malayo-Chamic"}, } m["poz-mic"] = { "ไมโครนีเซียน", 420591, "poz-occ", aliases = {"Micronesian"}, } m["poz-mly"] = { "มาเลย์อิก", 662628, "poz-mcm", aliases = {"Malayic"}, } m["poz-msa"] = { "มาลาโย-ซุมบาวัน", 1363818, "poz", aliases = {"Malayo-Sumbawan"}, } m["poz-mun"] = { "Muna-Buton", 3037924, "poz-clb", } m["poz-nws"] = { "Northwest Sumatran", 2071308, "poz", } m["poz-occ"] = { "โอเชียนิกตอนกลาง-ตะวันออก", 2068435, "poz-oce", aliases = {"Central-Eastern Oceanic"}, } m["poz-oce"] = { "โอเชียนิก", 324457, "pqe", aliases = {"Oceanic"}, } m["poz-ocs"] = { "โอเชียนิกใต้", 3039118, "poz-occ", aliases = {"Southern Oceanic"}, } m["poz-ocw"] = { "โอเชียนิกตะวันตก", 2701282, "poz-oce", aliases = {"Western Oceanic"}, } m["poz-pcc"] = { "แปซิฟิกตอนกลาง", 3130237, "poz-occ", aliases = {"Central Pacific"}, } m["poz-pep"] = { "พอลินีเชียนตะวันออก", 390979, "poz-pnp", aliases = {"Eastern Oceanic"}, } m["poz-pnp"] = { "นิวเคลียร์พอลินีเชียน", 743851, "poz-pol", aliases = {"Nuclear Polynesian"}, } m["poz-pol"] = { "พอลินีเชียน", 390979, "poz-pcc", aliases = {"Polynesian"}, } m["poz-san"] = { "Sabahan", 3217517, "poz-bnn", } m["poz-sbj"] = { "Sama-Bajaw", 2160409, "poz", } m["poz-slb"] = { "Saluan-Banggai", 3217519, "poz-clb", } m["poz-sls"] = { "Southeast Solomonic", 3119671, "poz-occ", } m["poz-ssw"] = { "ซูลาเวซีใต้", 2778190, "poz", aliases = {"สุลาเวสีใต้", "South Sulawesi"}, } m["poz-stm"] = { "St. Matthias", 6484143, "poz-oce", aliases = {"St Matthias"}, } m["poz-swa"] = { "ซาราวักเหนือ", 538569, "poz-bnn", aliases = {"North Sarawakan"}, } m["poz-tem"] = { "Temotu", 3075769, "poz-oce", } m["poz-tim"] = { "Timoric", 7806987, "poz-cet", } m["poz-ton"] = { "Tongic", 3397263, "poz-pol", } m["poz-tot"] = { "Tomini-Tolitoli", 3217541, "poz-clb", } m["poz-vnc"] = { "Central Vanuatu", 5061988, "poz-ocs", } m["poz-vnn"] = { "North Vanuatu", 85789650, "poz-ocs", } m["poz-vns"] = { "South Vanuatu", 3070173, "poz-ocs", } m["poz-wot"] = { "Wotu-Wolio", 1041317, "poz-clb", } m["pqe"] = { "มาลาโย-พอลินีเชียนตะวันออก", 2269883, "poz-cet", aliases = {"Eastern Malayo-Polynesian"}, } m["qfa-adc"] = { "เกรตอันดามันนีสตอนกลาง", nil, "qfa-adm", aliases = {"Central Great Andamanese"}, } m["qfa-adm"] = { "เกรตอันดามันนีส", 3515103, aliases = {"Great Andamanese"}, } m["qfa-adn"] = { "เกรตอันดามันนีสเหนือ", nil, "qfa-adm", aliases = {"Northern Great Andamanese"}, } m["qfa-ads"] = { "เกรตอันดามันนีสใต้", nil, "qfa-adm", aliases = {"Southern Great Andamanese"}, } m["qfa-ain"] = { "Ainuic", 50111972, aliases = {"Ainu"}, } m["qfa-bej"] = { "Be-Jizhao", nil, "qfa-bet", } m["qfa-bet"] = { "เบ-ไท", 12627719, "qfa-tak", aliases = {"ไท-เบ", "Be-Tai", "Tai-Be", "Daic-Beic", "Beic-Daic"}, } m["qfa-buy"] = { "Buyang", 1109927, "qfa-kra", } m["qfa-cka"] = { "Chukotko-Kamchatkan", 33255, } m["qfa-cre"] = { "ครีโอล", 33289, "crp", aliases = {"creole"}, } m["qfa-ckn"] = { "Chukotkan", 2606732, "qfa-cka", } m["qfa-cnt"] = { "contact", 133253514, "qfa-not", } m["qfa-dis"] = { -- Languages that are not unclassifiable (qfa-unc) but where there is no consensus on classification. Usually -- this is because the languages are divergent and it's disputed whether they are isolates or distantly related -- to other languages. "disputed affiliation", nil, "qfa-not", } m["qfa-dgn"] = { "Dogon", 1234776, "nic", } m["qfa-dny"] = { "Dene-Yeniseian", 21103, aliases = {"Dené-Yeniseian"}, } m["qfa-hur"] = { "Hurro-Urartian", 1144159, } m["qfa-iso"] = { "โดดเดี่ยว", 33648, "qfa-not", aliases = {"isolate"}, } m["qfa-kad"] = { "Kadu", -- considered either Nilo-Saharan or independent/none 1720989, } m["qfa-kms"] = { "Kam-Sui", 1023641, "qfa-tak", } m["qfa-kor"] = { "โคเรียน", 11263525, aliases = {"เกาหลี", "Korean"}, } m["qfa-kra"] = { "ขร้า", 1022087, "qfa-tak", aliases = {"Kra"}, } m["qfa-lic"] = { "ไลอิก", 1023648, "qfa-tak", aliases = {"ไหล", "Hlai", "Hlaic"}, } m["qfa-mch"] = { -- used in both N and S America "Macro-Chibchan", 3438062, } m["qfa-mix"] = { "ผสม", 33694, "qfa-cnt", aliases = {"mixed"}, } m["qfa-not"] = { "ไม่ใช่กลุ่มภาษา", nil, "qfa-not", aliases = {"not a family"}, } m["qfa-onb"] = { "เบ", nil, "qfa-bej", aliases = {"อังเบ", "Be", "Ong-Be", "Beic"}, } m["qfa-ong"] = { "Ongan", 2090575, aliases = {"Angan", "South Andamanese", "Jarawa-Onge"}, } m["qfa-pid"] = { "พิดจิน", 33831, "crp", aliases = {"pidgin"}, } m["qfa-sub"] = { "substrate", 20730913, "qfa-not", } m["qfa-tak"] = { "ขร้า-ไท", 34171, aliases = {"ไท-กะได", "กะได", "Kra-Dai", "Tai-Kadai", "Kadai"}, } m["qfa-tyn"] = { "Tyrsenian", 1344038, } m["qfa-unc"] = { -- This corresponds to languages normally called "unclassified", i.e. there is insufficient data or research to -- classify them, whereas our [[:Category:Unclassified languages]] is just languages that no Wiktionary editor -- has classified yet (the family code in the language data is missing). "unclassifiable", 33956, "qfa-not", } m["qfa-xgs"] = { "Serbi-Mongolic", 108887939, } m["qfa-xgx"] = { "Para-Mongolic", 107619002, "qfa-xgs", } m["qfa-yen"] = { "Yeniseian", 27639, "qfa-dny", aliases = {"Yeniseic", "Yenisei-Ostyak"}, } m["qfa-yke"] = { "Ketic", nil, "qfa-yen", } m["qfa-yko"] = { "Kottic", nil, "qfa-yen", } m["qfa-yrn"] = { "Arinic", nil, "qfa-yen", } m["qfa-ypm"] = { "Pumpokolic", nil, "qfa-yen", } m["qfa-yuk"] = { "Yukaghir", 34164, aliases = {"Yukagir", "Jukagir"}, } m["qwe"] = { "เกชวน", 5218, aliases = {"Quechuan"}, } m["raj"] = { "ราชสถาน", 13196, "inc-wes", protoLanguage = "inc-ogu", aliases = {"Rajasthani"}, } m["roa"] = { "โรมานซ์", 19814, "itc", aliases = {"โรมานิก", "ละติน", "นีโอละติน", "นีโอ-ละติน", "Romance", "Romanic", "Latin", "Neolatin", "Neo-Latin"}, protoLanguage = "la", } m["roa-asl"] = { "Asturleonese", 35390, "roa-ibe", protoLanguage = "roa-ole", } m["roa-cas"] = { "Castilian", 71924, "roa-ibe", aliases = {"Castillian", "Castilic", "Castillic"}, protoLanguage = "osp", } m["roa-dal"] = { "Dalmatian Romance", 97646077, "roa-itd", } m["roa-eas"] = { "โรมานซ์ตะวันออก", 147576, "roa", aliases = {"Eastern Romance"}, } m["roa-emr"] = { "Emilian-Romagnol", 242648, "roa-git", } m["roa-gap"] = { "Galician-Portuguese", 9080204, "roa-ibe", aliases = {"Galician Romance", "Galaic-Portuguese"}, protoLanguage = "roa-opt", } m["roa-gar"] = { "Gallo-Romance", 500394, "roa-wes", } m["roa-itd"] = { "อิตาโล-แดลเมเชียน", 3313381, "roa-iwr", aliases = {"Italo-Dalmatian", "Central Romance"}, } m["roa-itr"] = { "Italo-Romance", 3356483, "roa-itd", } m["roa-iwr"] = { "Italo-Western Romance", 112608, "roa", aliases = {"Italo-Western"}, } m["roa-git"] = { "แกลโล-อิตาลิก", 516074, "roa-gar", aliases = {"Gallo-Italic", "Gallo-Italian", "Gallo-Cisalpine", "Cisalpine"}, } m["roa-grh"] = { "Gallo-Rhaetian", 97646466, "roa-gar", } m["roa-ibe"] = { "Ibero-Romance", 749533, "roa-wes", aliases = {"Iberian Romance", "West Ibero-Romance", "Western Ibero-Romance", "West Iberian Romance", "Western Iberian Romance"} } m["roa-nar"] = { "Navarro-Aragonese", 133252927, "roa-ibe", protoLanguage = "roa-ona", } m["roa-oil"] = { "อออีล", 37351, "roa-grh", aliases = {"Oïl", "langue d'oïl", "Cisalpine"}, protoLanguage = "fro", } m["roa-ocr"] = { "Occitano-Romance", 599958, "roa-gar", aliases = {"Gallo-Narbonnese", "East Iberian", "Eastern Iberian"}, } m["roa-rhe"] = { "Rhaeto-Romance", 515593, "roa-grh", aliases = {"langues d'oïl", "langue d'oïl", "Cisalpine"}, } m["roa-sou"] = { "Southern Romance", 145345, "roa", } m["roa-wes"] = { "Western Romance", 2714388, "roa-iwr", } --[=[ Exceptional language and family codes for South American Indian languages can use the prefix "sai-", though "sai" is no longer itself a family code. ]=]-- m["sai-ara"] = { "Araucanian", 626630, } m["sai-aym"] = { "Aymaran", 33010, } m["sai-bar"] = { "Barbacoan", 807304, aliases = {"Barbakoan"}, } m["sai-bor"] = { "Boran", 5371776, } m["sai-cah"] = { "Cahuapanan", 1025793, } m["sai-car"] = { "Cariban", 33090, aliases = {"Carib"}, } m["sai-cer"] = { "Cerrado", 98078151, "sai-jee", aliases = {"Amazonian Jê"}, } m["sai-chc"] = { "Chocoan", 1075616, aliases = {"Choco", "Chocó"}, } m["sai-cho"] = { "Chonan", 33019, aliases = {"Chon"}, } m["sai-cje"] = { "Central Jê", 18010843, "sai-cer", aliases = {"Akuwẽ"}, } m["sai-cpc"] = { "Chapacuran", 1062626, } m["sai-crn"] = { "Charruan", 3112423, aliases = {"Charrúan"}, } m["sai-ctc"] = { "Catacaoan", 5051139, } m["sai-guc"] = { "Guaicuruan", 1974973, "sai-mgc", aliases = {"Guaicurú", "Guaycuruana", "Guaikurú", "Guaycuruano", "Guaykuruan", "Waikurúan"}, } m["sai-guh"] = { "Guahiban", 944056, aliases = {"Guahiboan", "Guajiboan", "Wahivoan"}, } m["sai-gui"] = { "Guianan", nil, "sai-car", aliases = {"Guianan Carib", "Guiana Carib"}, } m["sai-har"] = { "Harákmbut", 1584402, "sai-hkt", aliases = {"Harákmbet"}, } m["sai-hkt"] = { "Harákmbut-Katukinan", 17107635, } m["sai-hrp"] = { "Huarpean", 1578336, aliases = {"Warpean", "Huarpe", "Warpe"}, } m["sai-jee"] = { "Jê", 1483594, "sai-mje", aliases = {"Gê", "Jean", "Gean", "Jê-Kaingang", "Ye"}, } m["sai-jir"] = { "Jirajaran", 3028651, aliases = {"Hiraháran"}, } m["sai-jiv"] = { "Jivaroan", 1393074, aliases = {"Hívaro", "Jibaro", "Jibaroan", "Jibaroana", "Jívaro"}, } m["sai-ktk"] = { "Katukinan", 2636000, "sai-hkt", aliases = {"Catuquinan"}, } m["sai-kui"] = { "Kuikuroan", nil, "sai-car", aliases = {"Kuikuro", "Nahukwa"}, } m["sai-map"] = { "Mapoyan", 61096301, "sai-ven", aliases = {"Mapoyo", "Mapoyo-Yabarana", "Mapoyo-Yavarana", "Mapoyo-Yawarana"}, } m["sai-mas"] = { "Mascoian", 1906952, aliases = {"Mascoyan", "Maskoian", "Enlhet-Enenlhet"}, } m["sai-mgc"] = { "Mataco-Guaicuru", 255512, } m["sai-mje"] = { "Macro-Jê", 887133, aliases = {"Macro-Gê"}, } m["sai-mtc"] = { "Matacoan", 2447424, "sai-mgc", } m["sai-mur"] = { "Muran", 33826, aliases = {"Mura"}, } m["sai-nad"] = { "Nadahup", 1856439, aliases = {"Makú", "Macú", "Vaupés-Japurá"}, } m["sai-nje"] = { "Northern Jê", 98078225, "sai-cer", aliases = {"Core Jê"}, } m["sai-nmk"] = { "Nambikwaran", 15548027, aliases = {"Nambicuaran", "Nambiquaran", "Nambikuaran"}, } m["sai-otm"] = { "Otomacoan", 3217503, aliases = {"Otomákoan", "Otomakoan"}, } m["sai-pan"] = { "Panoan", 1544537, "sai-pat", aliases = {"Pano"}, } m["sai-pat"] = { "Pano-Tacanan", 2475746, aliases = {"Pano-Tacana", "Pano-Takana", "Páno-Takána", "Pano-Takánan"}, } m["sai-pek"] = { "Pekodian", 107451736, "sai-car", aliases = {"South Amazonian Carib", "Southern Cariban", "Pekodi"}, } m["sai-pem"] = { "Pemongan", nil, "sai-ven", aliases = {"Pemong", "Pemóng", "Purukoto"}, } m["sai-pey"] = { "Peba-Yaguan", 174015, aliases = {"Peba-Yagua", "Yaguan", "Peban", "Yáwan"}, } m["sai-prk"] = { "Parukotoan", 107451482, "sai-car", aliases = {"Parukoto"}, } m["sai-sje"] = { "Southern Jê", 98078245, "sai-jee", } m["sai-tac"] = { "Tacanan", 3113762, "sai-pat", } m["sai-tar"] = { "Taranoan", 105097814, "sai-gui", aliases = {"Trio", "Tarano"}, } m["sai-tuc"] = { "Tucanoan", 788144, } m["sai-tyu"] = { "Ticuna-Yuri", 4467010, } m["sai-ucp"] = { "Uru-Chipaya", 2475488, aliases = {"Uru-Chipayan"}, } m["sai-ven"] = { "Venezuelan Cariban", nil, "sai-car", aliases = {"Venezuelan Carib", "Venezuelan", "Venezuelano"}, } m["sai-wic"] = { "Wichí", 3027047, } m["sai-wit"] = { "Witotoan", 43079317, aliases = {"Huitotoan", "Uitotoan"}, } m["sai-ynm"] = { "Yanomami", nil, aliases = {"Yanomam", "Shamatari", "Yamomami", "Yanomaman"}, } m["sai-yuk"] = { "Yukpan", nil, "sai-car", aliases = {"Yukpa", "Yukpano", "Yukpa-Japreria"}, } m["sai-zam"] = { "Zamucoan", 3048461, aliases = {"Samúkoan"}, } m["sai-zap"] = { "Zaparoan", 33911, aliases = {"Záparoan", "Saparoan", "Sáparoan", "Záparo", "Zaparoano", "Zaparoana"}, } m["sal"] = { "Salish", 33985, } m["sdv"] = { "Eastern Sudanic", 2036148, "ssa", } m["sdv-bri"] = { "Bari", nil, "sdv-nie", } m["sdv-daj"] = { "Daju", 956724, "sdv", } m["sdv-dnu"] = { "Dinka-Nuer", nil, "sdv-niw", } m["sdv-eje"] = { "Eastern Jebel", 3408878, "sdv", } m["sdv-kln"] = { "Kalenjin", 637228, "sdv-nis", } m["sdv-lma"] = { "Lotuko-Maa", nil, "sdv-nie", } m["sdv-lon"] = { "Northern Luo", nil, "sdv-luo", } m["sdv-los"] = { "Southern Luo", 7570103, "sdv-luo", } m["sdv-luo"] = { "Luo", nil, "sdv-niw", } m["sdv-nes"] = { "Northern Eastern Sudanic", 4810496, "sdv", aliases = {"Astaboran", "Ek Sudanic"}, } m["sdv-nie"] = { "Eastern Nilotic", 153795, "sdv-nil", } m["sdv-nil"] = { "Nilotic", 513408, "sdv", } m["sdv-nis"] = { "Southern Nilotic", 1552410, "sdv-nil", } m["sdv-niw"] = { "Western Nilotic", 3114989, "sdv-nil", } m["sdv-nma"] = { "Nandi-Markweta", nil, "sdv-kln", } m["sdv-nyi"] = { "Nyima", 11688746, "sdv-nes", aliases = {"Nyimang"}, } m["sdv-tmn"] = { "Taman", 3408873, "sdv-nes", aliases = {"Tamaic"}, } m["sdv-ttu"] = { "Teso-Turkana", 7705551, "sdv-nie", aliases = {"Ateker"}, } m["sel"] = { "Selkup", 34008, "syd", } m["sem"] = { "เซมิติก", 34049, "afa", aliases = {"Semitic"}, } m["sem-ara"] = { "แอราเมอิก", 28602, "sem-nwe", aliases = {"Aramaic"}, protoLanguage = "arc", } m["sem-arb"] = { "อารบิก", 164667, "sem-cen", aliases = {"อาหรับ", "อาระบิก", "Arabic"}, protoLanguage = "ar", } m["sem-are"] = { "แอราเมอิกตะวันออก", 3410322, "sem-ara", aliases = {"Eastern Aramaic"}, } m["sem-arw"] = { "แอราเมอิกตะวันตก", 3394214, "sem-ara", aliases = {"Western Aramaic"}, } m["sem-ase"] = { "แอราเมอิกตะวันออกเฉียงใต้", 3410322, "sem-are", aliases = {"Southeastern Aramaic"}, } m["sem-can"] = { "Canaanite", 747547, "sem-nwe", } m["sem-cen"] = { "เซมิติกตอนกลาง", 3433228, "sem-wes", aliases = {"Central Semitic"}, } m["sem-cna"] = { "Central Neo-Aramaic", 3410322, "sem-are", } m["sem-eas"] = { "เซมิติกตะวันออก", 164273, "sem", aliases = {"East Semitic"}, } m["sem-eth"] = { "Ethiopian Semitic", 163629, "sem-wes", aliases = {"Afro-Semitic", "Ethiopian", "Ethiopic", "Ethiosemitic"}, } m["sem-nna"] = { "Northeastern Neo-Aramaic", 2560578, "sem-are", } m["sem-nwe"] = { "เซมิติกตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือ", 162996, "sem-cen", aliases = {"Northwest Semitic"}, } m["sem-osa"] = { "Old South Arabian", 35025, "sem-cen", aliases = {"Epigraphic South Arabian", "Sayhadic"}, } m["sem-sar"] = { "Modern South Arabian", 1981908, "sem-wes", } m["sem-wes"] = { "เซมิติกตะวันตก", 124901, "sem", aliases = {"West Semitic"}, } m["sgn"] = { "มือ", 34228, "qfa-not", aliases = {"sign"}, } m["sgn-fsl"] = { "French Sign Languages", 5501921, "sgn", } m["sgn-gsl"] = { "German Sign Languages", 5551235, "sgn", } m["sgn-jsl"] = { "Japanese Sign Languages", 11722508, "sgn", } m["sio"] = { "Siouan", 34181, "nai-sca", } m["sio-dhe"] = { "Dhegihan", 3217420, "sio-msv", } m["sio-dkt"] = { "Dakotan", 4154122, "sio-msv", } m["sio-mor"] = { "Missouri River Siouan", 26807266, "sio", } m["sio-msv"] = { "Mississippi Valley Siouan", 12637104, "sio", } m["sio-ohv"] = { "Ohio Valley Siouan", 21070931, "sio", } m["sit"] = { "ซีโน-ทิเบตัน", 45961, aliases = {"จีน-ทิเบต", "Sino-Tibetan", "Trans-Himalayan"}, } m["sit-aao"] = { "Central Naga", 615474, "sit", } m["sit-alm"] = { "Almora", nil, "sit-whm", } m["sit-bai"] = { "ไป๋", 35103, "sit-mba", aliases = {"Bai"}, } m["sit-bdi"] = { "Bodish", 1814078, "sit", } m["sit-cln"] = { "Cai-Long", 107182612, "sit-mba", aliases = {"Ta-Li"}, } m["sit-dhi"] = { "Dhimalish", 1207648, "sit", } m["sit-ebo"] = { "East Bodish", 56402, "sit-bdi", } m["sit-egy"] = { "East rGyalrongic", 832026, "sit-rgy", } m["sit-ers"] = { "Ersuic", 56335, "sit", } m["sit-gma"] = { "Greater Magaric", 55612963, "sit", } m["sit-gsi"] = { "Greater Siangic", 52698851, "sit", } m["sit-hrs"] = { "Hrusish", 1632501, "sit", aliases = {"Southeast Kamengic"}, } m["sit-jnp"] = { "Jingphoic", nil, "sit-jpl", aliases = {"Jingpho"}, } m["sit-jpl"] = { "กะชีน-ลูอิก", 1515454, "tbq-bkj", aliases = {"จิ่งเผาะ-ลูอิช", "กะชีนิก", "Jingpho-Luish", "Jingpho-Asakian", "Kachinic"}, } m["sit-kch"] = { "Konyak-Chang", nil, "sit-kon", } m["sit-kha"] = { "Kham", 33305, "sit-gma", } m["sit-khb"] = { "Kho-Bwa", 6401917, "sit", aliases = {"Bugunish", "Kamengic"}, } m["sit-khw"] = { "Western Kho-Bwa", nil, "sit-khb", } m["sit-khc"] = { "Chug-Lish", nil, "sit-khw", aliases = {"Duhumbi-Khispi"}, } m["sit-khm"] = { "Mey-Sartang", nil, "sit-khw", aliases = {"Sartang-Sherdukpen"}, } m["sit-kic"] = { "Central Kiranti", nil, "sit-kir", } m["sit-kie"] = { "Eastern Kiranti", nil, "sit-kir", } m["sit-kin"] = { "Kinnauric", nil, "sit-whm", aliases = {"Kinnauri"}, } m["sit-kir"] = { "Kiranti", 922148, "sit", } m["sit-kiw"] = { "Western Kiranti", 922148, "sit-kir", } m["sit-kon"] = { "Konyak", 774590, "tbq-bkj", aliases = {"Konyakian", "Northern Naga"}, } m["sit-kyk"] = { "Kyirong-Kagate", 6450957, "sit-tib", } m["sit-lab"] = { "Ladakhi-Balti", 6450957, "sit-tib", } m["sit-las"] = { "Lahuli-Spiti", 6473510, "sit-tib", } m["sit-luu"] = { "ลูอิช", 55621439, "sit-jpl", aliases = {"Luish", "Asakian", "Sak"}, } m["sit-mar"] = { "Maringic", nil, "sit-tma", } m["sit-mba"] = { "แมโคร-ไป๋", 16963847, "sit-sba", aliases = {"Macro-Bai", "Greater Bai"}, } m["sit-mdz"] = { "Midzu", 6843504, "sit", aliases = {"Geman", "Midzuish", "Miju-Meyor", "Southern Mishmi"}, } m["sit-mnz"] = { "Mondzish", 6898839, "tbq-lob", aliases = {"Mangish"}, } m["sit-mru"] = { "Mruic", 16908870, "sit", aliases = {"Mru-Hkongso"}, } m["sit-nas"] = { "Naish", 25047956, "sit-nax", } m["sit-nax"] = { "Naic", 6982999, "tbq-buq", aliases = {"Naxish"}, } m["sit-nba"] = { "ไป๋เหนือ", 122463830, "sit-bai", aliases = {"Northern Bai"}, } m["sit-new"] = { "Newaric", 55625069, "sit", } m["sit-nng"] = { "Nungish", 1515482, "sit", aliases = {"Nung"}, } m["sit-qia"] = { "Qiangic", 1636765, "tbq-buq", } m["sit-rgy"] = { "Rgyalrongic", 56936, "sit-qia", aliases = {"Jiarongic"}, } m["sit-sba"] = { "ซีโน-ไป๋", nil, "sit", aliases = {"Sino-Bai", "Greater Bai"}, } m["sit-tam"] = { "Tamangic", 3309439, "sit", aliases = {"West Bodish"}, } m["sit-tan"] = { "Tani", 3217538, "sit", } m["sit-tib"] = { "Tibetic", 1641150, "sit-bdi", protoLanguage = "otb", } m["sit-tja"] = { "Tujia", nil, "sit", } m["sit-tma"] = { "Tangkhul-Maring", nil, "sit", } m["sit-tng"] = { "Tangkhulic", 1516657, "sit-tma", aliases = {"Tangkhul"}, } m["sit-tno"] = { "Tangsa-Nocte", nil, "sit-kon", } m["sit-tsk"] = { "Tshangla", nil, "sit", } m["sit-wgy"] = { "West rGyalrongic", nil, "sit-rgy" } m["sit-whm"] = { "West Himalayish", 2301695, "sit", } m["sit-zem"] = { "Zeme", 189291, "sit", aliases = {"Zeliangrong", "Zemeic"}, } m["sla"] = { "สลาวิก", 23526, "ine-bsl", aliases = {"สลาวอนิก", "Slavic", "Slavonic"}, } m["smi"] = { "ซามิก", 56463, "urj", aliases = {"ซามี", "Sami", "Saami", "Samic", "Saamic"}, } m["son"] = { "Songhay", 505198, "ssa", aliases = {"Songhai"}, } m["sqj"] = { "แอลเบเนียน", 8748, "ine", aliases = {"Albanian"}, } m["ssa"] = { "Nilo-Saharan", -- possibly not a genetic grouping 33705, } m["ssa-fur"] = { "Fur", 2989512, "ssa", } m["ssa-klk"] = { "Kuliak", 1791476, "ssa", aliases = {"Rub"}, } m["ssa-kom"] = { "Koman", 1781084, "ssa", } m["ssa-sah"] = { "Saharan", 1757661, "ssa", } m["syd"] = { "Samoyedic", 34005, "urj", aliases = {"Samoyed", "Samodeic"}, } m["syd-ene"] = { "Enets", 29942, "syd", } m["tai"] = { "ไท", 749720, "qfa-bet", aliases = {"ไต", "Tai", "Daic"}, } m["tai-wen"] = { "เหวินหม่า-ไทตะวันตกเฉียงใต้", nil, "tai", aliases = {"Wenma-Southwestern Tai"}, } m["tai-tay"] = { "ตั่ย", nil, "tai-wen", aliases = {"Tày"}, } m["tai-sap"] = { "ซาปา-ไทตะวันตกเฉียงใต้", nil, "tai-wen", aliases = {"ซาปา-ไทย", "Sapa-Southwestern Tai", "Sapa-Thai"}, } m["tai-swe"] = { "ไทตะวันตกเฉียงใต้", 10889250, "tai-sap", aliases = {"Southwestern Tai"}, } m["tai-cho"] = { "ไทฉงจั่ว", 13216, "tai", aliases = {"Chongzuo Tai"}, } m["tai-cen"] = { "ไทตอนกลาง", 5061891, "tai", aliases = {"Central Tai"}, } m["tai-nor"] = { "ไทเหนือ", 7059014, "tai", aliases = {"Northern Tai"}, } m["tbq"] = { "ทิเบโต-เบอร์มัน", 34064, "sit", aliases = {"ทิเบต-พม่า", "Tibeto-Burman"}, } m["tbq-anp"] = { "Angami-Pochuri", 530460, "sit", } m["tbq-axi"] = { "Axioid", nil, "tbq-sel", } m["tbq-bdg"] = { "โบโด-กาโร", 4090000, "tbq-bkj", aliases = {"Bodo-Garo"}, } m["tbq-bis"] = { "บีซอยด์", 48844742, "tbq-slo", aliases = {"Bisoid"}, } m["tbq-bka"] = { "Bi-Ka", 12627890, "tbq-slo", } m["tbq-bkj"] = { "ซัล", 889900, "sit", -- Brahmaputran appears to be Glottolog's term aliases = {"Sal", "Bodo-Konyak-Jinghpaw", "Brahmaputran", "Jingpho-Konyak-Bodo"}, } m["tbq-brm"] = { "เบอร์มิช", 865713, "tbq-lob", aliases = {"พม่า", "Burmish"}, } m["tbq-buq"] = { "เบอร์โม-เชียงอิก", 16056278, "sit", aliases = {"พม่า-เชียง", "ทิเบโต-เบอร์มัน‎ตะวันออก", "ทิเบต-พม่า‎ตะวันออก", "Burmo-Qiangic", "Eastern Tibeto-Burman"}, } m["tbq-drp"] = { "Downriver Phula", 7188378, "tbq-rph", } m["tbq-han"] = { "Hanoid", 17004185, "tbq-slo", } m["tbq-hph"] = { "Highland Phula", nil, "tbq-sel", } m["tbq-jin"] = { "Jino", 6202716, "tbq-slo", } m["tbq-kzh"] = { "Kazhuoish", 48834669, "tbq-lol", } m["tbq-kuk"] = { "Kuki-Chin", 832413, "sit", aliases = {"Kukish", "South-Central Tibeto-Burman"}, } m["tbq-lal"] = { "Lalo", 56548, "tbq-lso", } m["tbq-lho"] = { "Lahoish", nil, "tbq-lol", } m["tbq-llo"] = { "Lipo-Lolopo", nil, "tbq-lso", } m["tbq-lob"] = { "โลโล-เบอร์มีซ", 1635712, "tbq-buq", aliases = {"โลโล-พม่า", "Lolo-Burmese"}, } m["tbq-lol"] = { "โลโลอิช", 37035, "tbq-lob", aliases = {"โลโล", "Loloish", "Yi", "Ngwi", "Nisoic"}, } m["tbq-lso"] = { "Lisoish", 6559055, "tbq-lol", } m["tbq-lwo"] = { "Lawoish", 48847673, "tbq-lol", } m["tbq-muj"] = { "Muji", 11221327, "tbq-hph", } m["tbq-nas"] = { "Nasoid", nil, "tbq-nlo", } m["tbq-nis"] = { "Nisu", 56404, "tbq-nlo", } m["tbq-nlo"] = { "โลโลอิชเหนือ", 7058676, "tbq-nso", aliases = {"Northern Loloish"}, } m["tbq-nso"] = { "Nisoish", 56990, "tbq-lol", } m["tbq-nus"] = { "Nusoish", 114245231, "tbq-lol", } m["tbq-phw"] = { "Phowa", 7187959, "tbq-hph", } m["tbq-rph"] = { "Riverine Phula", nil, "tbq-sel", } m["tbq-sel"] = { "โลโลอิชตะวันออกเฉียงใต้", 16111894, "tbq-nso", aliases = {"Southeastern Loloish"}, } m["tbq-sil"] = { "Siloid", 60787071, "tbq-slo", } m["tbq-slo"] = { "โลโลอิชใต้", 5649340, "tbq-lol", aliases = {"Southern Loloish"}, } m["tbq-tal"] = { "Taloid", 48804018, "tbq-lso", } m["tbq-urp"] = { "Upriver Phula", 7187058, "tbq-rph", } m["trk"] = { "เตอร์กิก", 34090, aliases = {"Turkic"}, } m["trk-cmn"] = { "Common Turkic", 1126028, "trk", aliases = {"Shaz Turkic", "Shaz-Turkic"}, } m["trk-kar"] = { "การ์ลุก", 703173, "trk-cmn", aliases = {"คาร์ลุก", "เตอร์กิกตะวันออกเฉียงใต้", "Karluk", "Qarluq", "Uyghur-Uzbek", "Southeastern Turkic"}, } m["trk-kbu"] = { "คิปชาก-โบลการ์", 3512539, "trk-kip", aliases = {"Kipchak-Bulgar", "Uralian", "Uralo-Caspian"}, } m["trk-kcu"] = { "คิปชาก-คูมาน", 4370412, "trk-kip", aliases = {"Kipchak-Cuman", "Ponto-Caspian"}, } m["trk-kip"] = { "คิปชาก", 1339898, "trk-cmn", -- Russian Wikipedia article [[w:ru:Западнотюркские_языки]] says "Western Turkic" is used by N.A. Baskakov and includes Oghuz, Kipchak and Karluk. -- Azerbaijani Wikipedia article [[w:az:Qərbi_türk_dilləri]] clarifies that "Western Turkic" is not a clade. other_names = {"เตอร์กิกตะวันตก", "Western Turkic"}, aliases = {"เตอร์กิกตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือ", "เตอร์กิกตะวันตก", "Kipchak", "Kypchak", "Qypchaq", "Northwestern Turkic", "Western Turkic"}, protoLanguage = "qwm", } m["trk-kkp"] = { "คีร์กีซ-คิปชาก", 4221189, "trk-kip", aliases = {"Kyrgyz-Kipchak"}, } m["trk-kno"] = { "คิปชาก-โนกาย", 4326954, "trk-kip", aliases = {"Kipchak-Nogai", "Aralo-Caspian"}, } m["trk-nsb"] = { "ไซบีเรียนเตอร์กิกเหนือ", 4537269, "trk-sib", aliases = {"North Siberian Turkic", "Northern Siberian Turkic"}, } m["trk-ogr"] = { "โอคูร์", 1422731, "trk", aliases = {"Oghur", "Lir-Turkic", "r-Turkic"}, } m["trk-ogz"] = { "โอคุซ", 494600, "trk-cmn", aliases = {"เตอร์กิกตะวันตกเฉียงใต้", "Oghuz", "Southwestern Turkic"}, } m["trk-sib"] = { "ไซบีเรียนเตอร์กิก", 354353, "trk-cmn", other_names = {"เตอร์กิกเหนือ", "Northern Turkic"}, -- per [[w:ru:Восточнотюркские_языки]], "Eastern Turkic" is an alias for Siberian Turkic in the work of O.A. Mudrak, -- but has a different non-clade meaning in the older work of N.A. Baskakov. aliases = {"เตอร์กิกตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ", "Siberian Turkic", "Northeastern Turkic"}, } m["trk-ssb"] = { "ไซบีเรียนเตอร์กิกใต้", nil, "trk-sib", aliases = {"South Siberian Turkic", "Southern Siberian Turkic"}, } m["tup"] = { "ตูเปียน", 34070, aliases = {"ตูปี", "Tupian", "Tupi"}, } m["tup-gua"] = { "ตูปี-กัวรานี", 148610, "tup", aliases = {"Tupi-Guarani", "Tupí-Guaraní"}, } m["tuw"] = { "Tungusic", 34230, aliases = {"Manchu-Tungus", "Tungus"}, } m["tuw-ewe"] = { "Ewenic", 105889448, "tuw", aliases = {"Northern Tungusic"}, } m["tuw-jrc"] = { "จูร์เชนิก", 105889432, "tuw", aliases = {"แมนจูริก", "Jurchenic", "Manchuric"}, } m["tuw-nan"] = { "Nanaic", 105889264, "tuw", } m["tuw-udg"] = { "Udegheic", 105889266, "tuw", } m["urj"] = { "ยูราลิก", 34113, aliases = {"Uralic"}, varieties = {"ฟินโน-ยูกริก", "Finno-Ugric"}, } m["urj-fin"] = { "ฟินนิก", 33328, "urj", aliases = {"บอลติก-ฟินนิก", "บอลโต-ฟินนิก", "เฟนนิก", "Finnic", "Baltic-Finnic", "Balto-Finnic", "Fennic"}, } m["urj-mdv"] = { "Mordvinic", 627313, "urj", } m["urj-prm"] = { "เปอร์มิก", 161493, "urj", aliases = {"Permic"}, } m["urj-ugr"] = { "ยูกริก", 156631, "urj", aliases = {"Ugric"}, } m["wak"] = { "Wakashan", 60069, } m["wen"] = { "ซอร์เบียน", 25442, "zlw", aliases = {"Sorbian", "Lusatian", "Wendish"}, } m["xgn"] = { "มองโกลิก", 33750, "qfa-xgs", aliases = {"มองโกเลียน", "Mongolic", "Mongolian"}, } m["xgn-cen"] = { "มองโกลิกตอนกลาง", 28719447, "xgn", aliases = {"Central Mongolic"}, protoLanguage = "xng-lat", } m["xgn-sou"] = { "มองโกลิกใต้", nil, "xgn", aliases = {"Southern Mongolic"}, protoLanguage = "xng-ear", } m["xgn-shr"] = { "Shirongolic", 107539435, "xgn-sou", } m["xme"] = { "Median", nil, "ira-mpr", protoLanguage = "xme-old", } m["xme-ttc"] = { "Tatic", nil, "xme", } m["xnd"] = { "Na-Dene", 26986, "qfa-dny", aliases = {"Na-Dené"}, } m["xsc"] = { "Scythian", nil, "ira-nei", } m["xsc-sak"] = { "Saka", nil, "xsc-skw", aliases = {"Sakan"}, } m["xsc-sar"] = { "Sarmatian", nil, "xsc", } m["xsc-skw"] = { "Saka-Wakhi", nil, "xsc", } m["yok"] = { "Yokuts", 34249, "nai-you", aliases = {"Yokutsan", "Mariposan", "Mariposa"}, } m["ypk"] = { "Yupik", 27970, "esx-esk", aliases = {"Yup'ik", "Yuit"}, } m["yrk"] = { "Nenets", 36452, "syd", } m["zhx"] = { "ซินิติก", 33857, "sit-sba", aliases = {"จีน", "Sinitic", "Chinese"}, protoLanguage = "och", } m["zhx-com"] = { "หมิ่นชายฝั่ง", 20667215, "zhx-min", aliases = {"Coastal Min"}, } m["zhx-inm"] = { "Inland Min", 20667237, "zhx-min", } m["zhx-man"] = { "แมนดารินิก", nil, "zhx", aliases = {"Mandarinic"}, protoLanguage = "cmn-ear", } m["zhx-min"] = { "หมิ่น", 56504, "zhx", aliases = {"Min"}, } m["zhx-nan"] = { "หมิ่นใต้", 36495, "zhx-com", aliases = {"Southern Min"}, } m["zhx-pin"] = { "Pinghua", 2735715, "zhx", protoLanguage = "ltc", } m["zhx-yue"] = { "Yue", 7033959, "zhx", protoLanguage = "ltc", } m["zle"] = { "สลาวิกตะวันออก", 144713, "sla", aliases = {"East Slavic"}, } m["zls"] = { "สลาวิกใต้", 146665, "sla", aliases = {"South Slavic"}, } m["zlw"] = { "สลาวิกตะวันตก", 145852, "sla", aliases = {"West Slavic"}, } m["zlw-lch"] = { "เลคิติก", 742782, "zlw", aliases = {"Lechitic", "Lekhitic"}, } m["zlw-pom"] = { "Pomeranian", nil, "zlw-lch", } m["znd"] = { "Zande", 8066072, "nic-ubg", } return require("Module:languages").finalizeData(m, "family") n9ynq1ff256244ujpacaet4j65xd6fi 5753708 5753690 2026-08-02T02:34:58Z OctraBot 3198 แก้ ซีโน > ซิโน 5753708 Scribunto text/plain --[=[ This module contains definitions for all language family codes on Wiktionary. ]=]-- local m = {} m["aav"] = { "ออสโตรเอเชียติก", 33199, aliases = {"ออสโตร-เอเชียติก", "Austroasiatic", "Austro-Asiatic"}, } m["aav-khs"] = { "คาเซียน", 3073734, "aav", aliases = {"คาซิก", "Khasian", "Khasic"}, } m["aav-nic"] = { "นิโคบารีส", 217380, "aav", aliases = {"Nicobarese"}, } m["aav-pkl"] = { "ปนัร-คาซี-ลึงงัม", nil, "aav-khs", aliases = {"Pnar-Khasi-Lyngngam"}, } m["afa"] = { "แอฟโฟรเอเชียติก", 25268, aliases = {"แอฟโฟร-เอเชียติก", "Afroasiatic", "Afro-Asiatic"}, } m["alg"] = { "แอลกองเคียน", -- silent u 33392, "aql", aliases = {"Algonquian"}, } m["alg-abp"] = { "Abenaki-Penobscot", 197936, "alg-eas", } m["alg-ara"] = { "Arapahoan", 2153686, "alg", } m["alg-eas"] = { "Eastern Algonquian", 2257525, "alg", } m["alg-sfk"] = { "Sac-Fox-Kickapoo", 1440172, "alg", } m["alv"] = { "แอตแลนติก-คองโก", 771124, "nic", aliases = {"Atlantic-Congo"}, } m["alv-aah"] = { "Ayere-Ahan", 750953, "alv-von", } m["alv-ada"] = { "Adamawa", 32906, "alv-sav", } m["alv-bag"] = { "Baga", 2746083, "alv-mel", } m["alv-bak"] = { "Bak", 1708174, "alv-sng", } m["alv-bam"] = { "Bambukic", 4853456, "alv-ada", aliases = {"Yungur-Jen"}, } m["alv-bny"] = { "Banyum", 2892477, "alv-nyn", } m["alv-bua"] = { "Bua", 4982094, "alv-mbd", } m["alv-bwj"] = { "Bikwin-Jen", 84542501, "alv-bam", } m["alv-cng"] = { "Cangin", 1033184, "alv-fwo", } m["alv-ctn"] = { "Central Tano", 1658486, "alv-ptn", aliases = {"Akan"}, } m["alv-dlt"] = { "Delta Edoid", nil, "alv-edo", } m["alv-dur"] = { "Duru", 5316788, "alv-lni", } m["alv-ede"] = { "Ede", 35368, "alv-yor", } m["alv-edk"] = { "Edekiri", 5336735, "alv-yrd", } m["alv-edo"] = { "Edoid", 1287469, "alv-von", } m["alv-eeo"] = { "Edo-Esan-Ora", 12630439, "alv-nce", } m["alv-fli"] = { "Fali", 3450166, "alv", } m["alv-fwo"] = { "ฟูลา-โวลอฟ", 12631267, "alv-sng", aliases = {"Fula-Wolof"}, } m["alv-gbe"] = { "กเบ", 668284, "alv-von", aliases = {"Gbe"}, } m["alv-gda"] = { "Ga-Dangme", 3443338, "alv-kwa", } m["alv-gng"] = { "Guang", 684009, "alv-ptn", } m["alv-gtm"] = { "Ghana-Togo Mountain", 493020, "alv-kwa", aliases = {"Togo Remnant", "Central Togo"}, } m["alv-hei"] = { "Heiban", 108752116, "alv-the", } m["alv-ido"] = { "Idomoid", 974196, "alv-von", } m["alv-igb"] = { "Igboid", 1429100, "alv-von", } m["alv-jfe"] = { "Jola-Felupe", 1708174, "alv-jol", aliases = {"Ejamat"}, } m["alv-jol"] = { "Jola", 35176, "alv-bak", aliases = {"Diola"}, } m["alv-kim"] = { "Kim", 6409701, "alv-mbd", } m["alv-kis"] = { "Kissi", 35696, "alv-mel", } m["alv-krb"] = { "Karaboro", 4213541, "alv-snf", } m["alv-ktg"] = { "Ka-Togo", 5972796, "alv-gtm", } m["alv-kul"] = { "Kulango", 16977424, "alv-sav", aliases = {"Kulango-Lorhon", "Kulango-Lorom"}, } m["alv-kwa"] = { "Kwa", 33430, "nic-vco", } m["alv-lag"] = { "Lagoon", 111210042, "alv-kwa", } m["alv-lek"] = { "Leko", 6520642, other_names = {"Sambaic"}, -- appears to be an alias in Glottolog "alv-lni", } m["alv-lim"] = { "Limba", 35825, "alv", } m["alv-lni"] = { "Leko-Nimbari", 1708170, "alv-ada", other_names = {"Central Adamawa"}, aliases = {"Chamba-Mumuye"}, } m["alv-mbd"] = { "Mbum-Day", 6799816, "alv-ada", } m["alv-mbm"] = { "Mbum", 6799814, "alv-mbd", } m["alv-mel"] = { "Mel", 12122355, "alv", } m["alv-mum"] = { "Mumuye", 84607009, "alv-mye", } m["alv-mye"] = { "Mumuye-Yendang", 6935539, "alv-lni", } m["alv-nal"] = { "Nalu", nil, "alv-sng", } m["alv-nce"] = { "North-Central Edoid", 16110869, "alv-edo", } m["alv-ngb"] = { "Nupe-Gbagyi", 12638649, "alv-nup", aliases = {"Nupe-Gbari"}, } m["alv-ntg"] = { "Na-Togo", nil, "alv-gtm", } m["alv-nup"] = { "Nupoid", 1429143, "alv-von", } m["alv-nwd"] = { "Northwestern Edoid", 16111012, "alv-edo", } m["alv-nyn"] = { "Nyun", nil, "alv-fwo", } m["alv-pap"] = { "Papel", 7132562, "alv-bak", } m["alv-pph"] = { "Phla-Pherá", 3849625, "alv-gbe", } m["alv-ptn"] = { "Potou-Tano", 1475003, "alv-kwa", } m["alv-sav"] = { "Savanna", 4403672, "nic-vco", aliases = {"Savannas"}, } m["alv-sma"] = { "Suppire-Mamara", 4446348, "alv-snf", } m["alv-snf"] = { "Senufo", 33795, "alv", aliases = {"Senufic", "Senoufo"}, } m["alv-sng"] = { "เซเนแกมเบียน", 1708753, "alv", aliases = {"Senegambian"}, } m["alv-snr"] = { "Senari", 4416084, "alv-snf", } m["alv-swd"] = { "Southwestern Edoid", 12633903, "alv-edo", } m["alv-tal"] = { "Talodi", 12643302, "alv-the", } m["alv-tdj"] = { "Tagwana-Djimini", 7675362, "alv-snf", } m["alv-ten"] = { "Tenda", 3217535, "alv-fwo", } m["alv-the"] = { "Talodi-Heiban", 1521145, "alv", } m["alv-von"] = { "วอลตา-ไนเจอร์", 34177, "nic-vco", aliases = {"Volta-Niger"}, } m["alv-wan"] = { "Wara-Natyoro", 7968830, "alv-sav", } m["alv-wjk"] = { "Waja-Kam", nil, "alv-ada", } m["alv-yek"] = { "Yekhee", nil, "alv-nce", } m["alv-yor"] = { "Yoruba", nil, "alv-edk", } m["alv-yrd"] = { "Yoruboid", 1789745, "alv-von", } m["alv-yun"] = { "Yungur", 84601642, "alv-bam", aliases = {"Bena-Mboi"}, } m["apa"] = { "Apachean", 27758, "ath", aliases = {"Southern Athabaskan"}, } m["aqa"] = { "Alacalufan", 1288430, } m["aql"] = { "แอลจิก", 721612, aliases = {"Algic", "Algonquian-Ritwan", "Algonquian-Wiyot-Yurok"}, } m["art"] = { "ประดิษฐ์", 33215, "qfa-not", aliases = {"constructed", "artificial", "planned"}, } m["ath"] = { "Athabaskan", 27475, "xnd", } m["ath-nor"] = { "North Athabaskan", 20738, "ath", aliases = {"Northern Athabaskan"}, } m["ath-pco"] = { "Pacific Coast Athabaskan", 20654, "ath", } m["auf"] = { "Arauan", 626772, aliases = {"Arahuan", "Arauán", "Arawa", "Arawan", "Arawán"}, } --[=[ Exceptional language and family codes for Australian Aboriginal languages can use the prefix "aus-", though "aus" is no longer itself a family code. ]=]-- m["aus-arn"] = { "Arnhem", 2581700, aliases = {"Gunwinyguan", "Macro-Gunwinyguan"}, } m["aus-bub"] = { "Bunuban", 2495148, aliases = {"Bunaban"}, } m["aus-cww"] = { "Central New South Wales", 5061507, "aus-pam", } m["aus-dal"] = { "Daly", 2478079, } m["aus-dyb"] = { "Dyirbalic", 1850666, "aus-pam", } m["aus-gar"] = { "Garawan", 5521951, } m["aus-gun"] = { "Gunwinyguan", 2581700, "aus-arn", aliases = {"Gunwingguan"}, } m["aus-jar"] = { "Jarrakan", 2039423, } m["aus-kar"] = { "Karnic", 4215578, "aus-pam", } m["aus-mir"] = { "Mirndi", 4294095, } m["aus-nga"] = { "Ngayarda", 16153490, "aus-psw", } m["aus-nyu"] = { "Nyulnyulan", 2039408, } m["aus-pam"] = { "ปามา-ญูงัน", 33942, aliases = {"Pama-Nyungan"}, } m["aus-pmn"] = { "Paman", 2640654, "aus-pam", } m["aus-psw"] = { "Southwest Pama-Nyungan", 2258160, "aus-pam", } m["aus-rnd"] = { "Arandic", 4784071, "aus-pam", } m["aus-tnk"] = { "Tangkic", 1823065, } m["aus-wdj"] = { "Iwaidjan", 4196968, aliases = {"Yiwaidjan"}, } m["aus-wor"] = { "Worrorran", 2038619, } m["aus-yid"] = { "Yidinyic", 4205849, "aus-pam", } m["aus-yng"] = { "Yangmanic", 42727644, } m["aus-yol"] = { "Yolngu", 2511254, "aus-pam", aliases = {"Yolŋu", "Yolngu Matha"}, } m["aus-yuk"] = { "Yuin-Kuric", 3833021, "aus-pam", } m["awd"] = { "Arawakan", 626753, aliases = {"Arawak", "Maipurean", "Maipuran"}, } m["awd-nwk"] = { "Nawiki", nil, "awd", aliases = {"Newiki"}, } m["awd-taa"] = { "Ta-Arawak", 7672731, "awd", aliases = {"Ta-Arawakan", "Ta-Maipurean"}, } m["azc"] = { "ยูโต-แอซเทกัน", 34073, aliases = {"Uto-Aztecan", "Uto-Aztekan"}, } m["azc-cup"] = { "Cupan", 19866871, "azc-tak", } m["azc-dur"] = { "Durango Nahuatl", 2386361, "azc-nah", aliases = {"Mexicanero"} } m["azc-hua"] = { "Huasteca Nahuatl", 3832950, "azc-nah", } m["azc-nah"] = { "นาวัน", 11965602, "azc", aliases = {"แอซเทกัน", "Nahuan", "Aztecan"}, } m["azc-num"] = { "Numic", 2657541, "azc", } m["azc-pim"] = { "Piman", 7194600, "azc", aliases = {"Tepiman"}, } m["azc-tak"] = { "Takic", 1280305, "azc", } m["azc-trc"] = { "Taracahitic", 4245032, "azc", aliases = {"Taracahitan"}, } m["bad"] = { "Banda", 806234, "nic-ubg", } m["bad-cnt"] = { "Central Banda", 3438391, "bad", } m["bai"] = { "Bamileke", 806005, "nic-gre", } m["bat"] = { "บอลติก", 33136, "ine-bsl", aliases = {"Baltic"}, } m["bat-eas"] = { "บอลติกตะวันออก", 149944, "bat", aliases = {"East Baltic"}, } m["bat-wes"] = { "บอลติกตะวันตก", 149946, "bat", aliases = {"West Baltic"}, } m["ber"] = { "เบอร์เบอร์", 25448, "afa", aliases = {"Berber", "Tamazight"}, } m["bnt"] = { "แบนทู", 33146, "nic-bds", aliases = {"Bantu"}, } m["bnt-baf"] = { "Bafia", 799784, "bnt", } m["bnt-bbo"] = { "Bafo-Bonkeng", nil, "bnt-saw", } m["bnt-bdz"] = { "Boma-Dzing", 1729203, "bnt", } m["bnt-bek"] = { "Bekwilic", nil, "bnt-ndb", } m["bnt-bki"] = { "Bena-Kinga", 16113307, "bnt-bne", } m["bnt-bmo"] = { "Bangi-Moi", nil, "bnt-bnm", } m["bnt-bne"] = { "Northeast Bantu", 7057832, "bnt", } m["bnt-bnm"] = { "Bangi-Ntomba", 806477, "bnt-bte", } m["bnt-boa"] = { "Boan", 4931250, "bnt", aliases = {"Buan", "Ababuan"}, } m["bnt-bot"] = { "Botatwe", 4948532, "bnt", } m["bnt-bsa"] = { "Basaa", 809739, "bnt", } m["bnt-bsh"] = { "Bushoong", 5001551, "bnt-bte", } m["bnt-bso"] = { "Southern Bantu", 980498, "bnt", } m["bnt-bta"] = { "Bati-Angba", 4869303, "bnt-boa", other_names = {"Late Bomokandian"}, aliases = {"Bwa"}, } m["bnt-btb"] = { "Beti", 35118, "bnt", } m["bnt-bte"] = { "Bangi-Tetela", 4855181, "bnt", } m["bnt-bun"] = { "Buja-Ngombe", 4986733, "bnt-mbb", } m["bnt-chg"] = { "Chaga", 33016, "bnt-cht", } m["bnt-cht"] = { "Chaga-Taita", nil, "bnt-bne", } m["bnt-clu"] = { "Chokwe-Luchazi", 3339273, "bnt", } m["bnt-com"] = { "Comorian", 33077, "bnt-sab", } m["bnt-glb"] = { "Great Lakes Bantu", 5599420, "bnt-bne", } m["bnt-haj"] = { "Haya-Jita", 25502360, "bnt-glb", } m["bnt-kak"] = { "Kako", nil, "bnt-pob", } m["bnt-kav"] = { "Kavango", 116544179, "bnt-ksb", } m["bnt-kbi"] = { "Komo-Bira", 6428591, "bnt-boa", } m["bnt-kel"] = { "Kele", 1738162, "bnt-kts", aliases = {"Sheke"}, } m["bnt-kil"] = { "Kilombero", 6408121, "bnt", } m["bnt-kka"] = { "Kikuyu-Kamba", 16114410, "bnt-bne", aliases = {"Thagiicu"}, } m["bnt-kmb"] = { "Kimbundu", 16947687, "bnt", } m["bnt-kng"] = { "Kongo", 6429214, "bnt", } m["bnt-kpw"] = { "Kpwe", 36428, "bnt-saw", } m["bnt-ksb"] = { "Kavango-Southwest Bantu", 6379098, "bnt", } m["bnt-kts"] = { "Kele-Tsogo", 6385577, "bnt", } m["bnt-lbn"] = { "Luban", 4536504, "bnt", } m["bnt-leb"] = { "Lebonya", 6511395, "bnt", } m["bnt-lgb"] = { "Lega-Binja", 6517694, "bnt", } m["bnt-lok"] = { "Logooli-Kuria", nil, "bnt-glb", } m["bnt-lub"] = { "Luba", nil, "bnt-lbn", } m["bnt-lun"] = { "Lunda", 6704091, "bnt", } m["bnt-mak"] = { "Makua", 6740431, "bnt-bso", aliases = {"Makhuwa"}, } m["bnt-mbb"] = { "Mboshi-Buja", 6799764, "bnt", } m["bnt-mbe"] = { "Mbole-Enya", 6799728, "bnt", } m["bnt-mbi"] = { "Mbinga", nil, "bnt-rur", } m["bnt-mbo"] = { "Mboshi", 6799763, "bnt-mbb", } m["bnt-mbt"] = { "Mbete", 1346910, "bnt-tmb", aliases = {"Mbere"}, } m["bnt-mby"] = { "Mbeya", nil, "bnt-ruk", } m["bnt-mij"] = { "Mijikenda", 6845474, "bnt-sab", } m["bnt-mka"] = { "Makaa", nil, "bnt-ndb", } m["bnt-mne"] = { "Manenguba", 31147471, "bnt", aliases = {"Mbo", "Ngoe"}, } m["bnt-mnj"] = { "Makaa-Njem", 1603899, "bnt-pob", } m["bnt-mon"] = { "Mongo", nil, "bnt-bnm", } m["bnt-mra"] = { "Mbugwe-Rangi", 6799795, "bnt", } m["bnt-msl"] = { "Masaba-Luhya", 12636428, "bnt-glb", } m["bnt-mwi"] = { "Mwika", nil, "bnt-ruk", } m["bnt-ncb"] = { "Northeast Coast Bantu", 7057848, "bnt-bne", } m["bnt-ndb"] = { "Ndzem-Bomwali", nil, "bnt-mnj", } m["bnt-ngn"] = { "Ngondi-Ngiri", 7022532, "bnt-mbb", } m["bnt-ngu"] = { "งูนี", 961559, "bnt-bso", aliases = {"Nguni", "Ngoni"}, } m["bnt-nya"] = { "Nyali", 7070832, "bnt-leb", } m["bnt-nyb"] = { "Nyanga-Buyi", 7070882, "bnt", } m["bnt-nyg"] = { "Nyoro-Ganda", 12638666, "bnt-glb", } m["bnt-nys"] = { "นยาซา", 7070921, "bnt", aliases = {"Nyasa"}, } m["bnt-nze"] = { "Nzebi", 1755498, "bnt-tmb", aliases = {"Njebi"}, } m["bnt-ova"] = { "Ovambo", 36489, "bnt-swb", aliases = {"Oshivambo", "Oshiwambo", "Owambo"}, } m["bnt-par"] = { "Pare", nil, "bnt-ncb", } m["bnt-pen"] = { "Pende", 7162373, "bnt", } m["bnt-pob"] = { "Pomo-Bomwali", nil, "bnt", } m["bnt-ruk"] = { "Rukwa", 7378902, "bnt", } m["bnt-run"] = { "Rungwe", nil, "bnt-ruk", } m["bnt-rur"] = { "Rufiji-Ruvuma", 7377947, "bnt", } m["bnt-ruv"] = { "Ruvu", nil, "bnt-ncb", } m["bnt-rvm"] = { "Ruvuma", nil, "bnt-rur", } m["bnt-sab"] = { "Sabaki", 2209395, "bnt-ncb", } m["bnt-saw"] = { "Sawabantu", 532003, "bnt", } m["bnt-sbi"] = { "Sabi", 7396071, "bnt", } m["bnt-seu"] = { "Seuta", nil, "bnt-ncb", } m["bnt-shh"] = { "Shi-Havu", nil, "bnt-glb", } m["bnt-sho"] = { "Shona", 2904660, "bnt", } m["bnt-sir"] = { "Sira", 1436372, "bnt", aliases = {"Shira-Punu"}, } m["bnt-ske"] = { "Soko-Kele", nil, "bnt-bte", } m["bnt-sna"] = { "Sena", nil, "bnt-nys", } m["bnt-sts"] = { "Sotho-Tswana", 2038386, "bnt-bso", } m["bnt-swb"] = { "Southwest Bantu", 116543539, "bnt-ksb", } m["bnt-swh"] = { "Swahili", nil, "bnt-sab", } m["bnt-tek"] = { "Teke", 36528, "bnt-tmb", } m["bnt-tet"] = { "Tetela", 7706059, "bnt-bte", } m["bnt-tkc"] = { "Central Teke", 36473, "bnt-tek", } m["bnt-tkm"] = { "Takama", nil, "bnt-bne", } m["bnt-tmb"] = { "Teke-Mbede", 7695332, "bnt", aliases = {"Teke-Mbere"}, } m["bnt-tso"] = { "Tsogo", 2458420, other_names = {"Okani"}, --appears to be an alias in Glottolog "bnt-kts", } m["bnt-tsr"] = { "Tswa-Ronga", 12643962, "bnt-bso", } m["bnt-yak"] = { "Yaka", 8047027, "bnt", } m["bnt-yko"] = { "Yasa-Kombe", nil, "bnt-saw", } m["bnt-zbi"] = { "Zamba-Binza", nil, "bnt-bnm", } m["btk"] = { "Batak", 1998595, "poz-nws", } --[=[ Exceptional language and family codes for Central American Indian languages may use the prefix "cai-", though "cai" is no longer itself a family code. ]=]-- --[=[ Exceptional language and family codes for Caucasian languages can use the prefix "cau-", though "cau" is no longer itself a family code. ]=]-- m["cau-abz"] = { "Abkhaz-Abaza", 4663617, "cau-nwc", other_names = {"Abkhaz-Tapanta"}, aliases = {"Abazgi"}, } m["cau-and"] = { "Andian", 492152, "cau-ava", aliases = {"Andic"}, } m["cau-ava"] = { "Avaro-Andian", 4055404, "cau-nec", aliases = {"Avar-Andian", "Avar-Andi", "Avar-Andic"}, } m["cau-cir"] = { "Circassian", 858543, "cau-nwc", aliases = {"Cherkess"}, } m["cau-drg"] = { "Dargwa", 5222637, "cau-nec", other_names = {"Dargin"}, } m["cau-esm"] = { "Eastern Samur", nil, "cau-sam", } m["cau-ets"] = { "East Tsezian", 121437666, "cau-tsz", aliases = {"East Tsezic", "East Didoic"}, } m["cau-lzg"] = { "Lezghian", 2144370, "cau-nec", aliases = {"Lezgi", "Lezgian", "Lezgic"}, } m["cau-nkh"] = { "นัค", 24441, "cau-nec", aliases = {"คอเคเซียนเหนือ-ตอนกลาง", "Nakh", "North-Central Caucasian"}, } m["cau-nec"] = { "คอเคเซียนตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ", 27387, aliases = {"Northeast Caucasian", "Dagestanian", "Nakho-Dagestanian", "Caspian"}, } m["cau-nwc"] = { "คอเคเซียนตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือ", 33852, aliases = {"Northwest Caucasian", "Abkhazo-Adyghean", "Abkhaz-Adyghe", "Pontic"}, } m["cau-sam"] = { "Samur", 15229151, "cau-lzg", } m["cau-ssm"] = { "Southern Samur", nil, "cau-sam", } m["cau-tsz"] = { "Tsezian", 1651530, "cau-nec", aliases = {"Tsezic", "Didoic"}, } m["cau-vay"] = { "ไวนัค", 4102486, "cau-nkh", aliases = {"Vainakh", "Veinakh", "Vaynakh"}, } m["cau-wsm"] = { "Western Samur", nil, "cau-sam", } m["cau-wts"] = { "West Tsezian", 121437697, "cau-tsz", aliases = {"West Tsezic", "West Didoic"}, } m["cba"] = { "Chibchan", 520478, "qfa-mch", -- or none if Macro-Chibchan is considered undemonstrated } m["ccs"] = { "คาร์ทเวเลียน", 34030, aliases = {"คอเคเซียนใต้", "Kartvelian", "South Caucasian"}, } m["ccs-gzn"] = { "จอร์เจียน-แซน", 34030, "ccs", aliases = {"คาร์โท-แซน", "Georgian-Zan", "Karto-Zan"}, } m["ccs-zan"] = { "แซน", 2606912, "ccs-gzn", aliases = {"Zan", "Zanuri", "Colchian"}, } m["cdc"] = { "ชาดิก", 33184, "afa", aliases = {"Chadic"}, } m["cdc-cbm"] = { "ชาดิกตอนกลาง", 2251547, "cdc", aliases = {"Central Chadic", "Biu-Mandara"}, } m["cdc-est"] = { "ชาดิกตะวันออก", 2276221, "cdc", aliases = {"East Chadic"}, } m["cdc-mas"] = { "Masa", 2136092, "cdc", } m["cdc-wst"] = { "ชาดิกตะวันตก", 2447774, "cdc", aliases = {"West Chadic"}, } m["cdd"] = { "Caddoan", 1025090, } m["cel"] = { "เคลติก", 25293, "ine", aliases = {"Celtic"}, } m["cel-bry"] = { "บริทอนิก", 156877, "cel-ins", aliases = {"Brythonic", "Brittonic"}, } m["cel-brs"] = { "บริทอนิกตะวันตกเฉียงใต้", 2612853, "cel-bry", aliases = {"Southwestern Brythonic", "Southwestern Brittonic"}, } m["cel-brw"] = { "บริทอนิกตะวันตก", 593069, "cel-bry", aliases = {"Western Brythonic", "Western Brittonic"}, } m["cel-gae"] = { "Goidelic", 56433, "cel-ins", aliases = {"Gaelic"}, protoLanguage = "pgl", } m["cel-his"] = { "Hispano-Celtic", 4204136, "cel", } m["cel-ins"] = { "Insular Celtic", 214506, "cel", } m["chi"] = { "Chimakuan", 1073088, } m["chm"] = { "Mari", 973685, "urj", } m["cmc"] = { "จามิก", 2997506, "poz-mcm", aliases = {"Chamic"}, } m["crp"] = { "ครีโอล-พิดจิน", 19682167, "qfa-cnt", aliases = {"creole or pidgin"}, } m["csu"] = { "Central Sudanic", 190822, "ssa", } m["csu-bba"] = { "Bongo-Bagirmi", 3505042, "csu", } m["csu-bbk"] = { "Bongo-Baka", 4941917, "csu-bba", } m["csu-bgr"] = { "Bagirmi", 4841948, "csu-bba", aliases = {"Bagirmic"}, } m["csu-bkr"] = { "Birri-Kresh", nil, "csu", } m["csu-ecs"] = { "Eastern Central Sudanic", 16911698, "csu", aliases = {"East Central Sudanic", "Central Sudanic East", "Lendu-Mangbetu"}, } m["csu-kab"] = { "Kaba", 6343715, "csu-bba", } m["csu-lnd"] = { "Lendu", 6522357, "csu-ecs", aliases = {"Lenduic"}, } m["csu-maa"] = { "Mangbetu", 6748874, "csu-ecs", aliases = {"Mangbetu-Asoa", "Mangbetu-Asua"}, } m["csu-mle"] = { "Mangbutu-Lese", 17009406, "csu-ecs", aliases = {"Mangbutu-Efe", "Mangbutu", "Membi-Mangbutu-Efe"}, } m["csu-mma"] = { "Moru-Madi", 6915156, "csu-ecs", } m["csu-sar"] = { "Sara", 2036691, "csu-bba", } m["csu-val"] = { "Vale", 7909520, "csu-bba", } m["cus"] = { "Cushitic", 33248, "afa", } m["cus-cen"] = { "Central Cushitic", 56569, "cus", } m["cus-eas"] = { "East Cushitic", 56568, "cus", } m["cus-hec"] = { "Highland East Cushitic", 56524, "cus-eas", } m["cus-som"] = { "โซมาลอยด์", 56774, "cus-eas", aliases = {"Somaloid", "Sam", "Macro-Somali"}, } m["cus-sou"] = { "South Cushitic", 56525, "cus", } m["day"] = { "Land Dayak", 2760613, "poz", } m["del"] = { "Lenape", 2665761, "alg-eas", aliases = {"Delaware"}, } m["den"] = { "Slavey", 13272, "ath-nor", aliases = {"Slave", "Slavé"}, } m["dmn"] = { "Mande", 33681, "nic", } m["dmn-bbu"] = { "Bisa-Busa", 12627956, "dmn-mde", } m["dmn-emn"] = { "East Manding", nil, "dmn-man", } m["dmn-jje"] = { "Jogo-Jeri", nil, "dmn-mjo", } m["dmn-man"] = { "Manding", 35772, "dmn-mmo", } m["dmn-mda"] = { "Mano-Dan", nil, "dmn-mse", } m["dmn-mdc"] = { "Central Mande", 5972907, "dmn-mdw", } m["dmn-mde"] = { "Eastern Mande", 12633080, "dmn", } m["dmn-mdw"] = { "Western Mande", 16113831, "dmn", } m["dmn-mjo"] = { "Manding-Jogo", 12636153, "dmn-mdc", } m["dmn-mmo"] = { "Manding-Mokole", nil, "dmn-mva", } m["dmn-mnk"] = { "Maninka", 36186, "dmn-emn", } m["dmn-mnw"] = { "Northwestern Mande", 5972910, "dmn-mdw", } m["dmn-mok"] = { "Mokole", 16935447, "dmn-mmo", } m["dmn-mse"] = { "Southeastern Mande", 5972912, "dmn-mde", } m["dmn-msw"] = { "Southwestern Mande", 12633904, "dmn-mdw", } m["dmn-mva"] = { "Manding-Vai", nil, "dmn-mjo", } m["dmn-nbe"] = { "Nwa-Beng", nil, "dmn-mse", } m["dmn-sam"] = { "Samo", 36327, "dmn-bbu", aliases = {"Samuic"}, } m["dmn-smg"] = { "Samogo", 7410000, "dmn-mnw", aliases = {"Duun-Seenku"}, } m["dmn-snb"] = { "Soninke-Bobo", 16111680, "dmn-mnw", } m["dmn-sya"] = { "Susu-Yalunka", nil, "dmn-mdc", } m["dmn-vak"] = { "Vai-Kono", nil, "dmn-mva", } m["dmn-wmn"] = { "West Manding", nil, "dmn-man", } m["dra"] = { "ดราวิเดียน", 33311, aliases = {"Dravidian"}, } m["dra-cen"] = { "ดราวิเดียนตอนกลาง", 12628823, "dra", aliases = {"Central Dravidian"}, } m["dra-gki"] = { "Gondi-Kui", 12631610, "dra-sdt", } m["dra-gon"] = { "Gondi", 55639812, "dra-gki", } m["dra-imd"] = { "Irula-Muduga", nil, "dra-tkn", } m["dra-kan"] = { "Kannadoid", 6363888, "dra-tkn", protoLanguage = "dra-okn", } m["dra-kki"] = { "Konda-Kui", nil, "dra-gki", } m["dra-kml"] = { "Kurukh-Malto", 68002822, "dra-nor", } m["dra-knk"] = { "Kolami-Naiki", 10547037, "dra-cen", } m["dra-kod"] = { "Kodagu", 67983106, "dra-tkd", } m["dra-kor"] = { "Koraga", 33394, "dra-tlk", } m["dra-mal"] = { "Malayalamoid", 6741581, "dra-tml", } m["dra-mdy"] = { "Madiya", 27602, "dra-gon", } m["dra-mlo"] = { "Malto", nil, "dra-kml", } m["dra-mur"] = { "Muria", 6938499, "dra-gon", } m["dra-nor"] = { "ดราวิเดียนเหนือ", 16110967, "dra", aliases = {"North Dravidian"}, } m["dra-pgd"] = { "Parji-Gadaba", 10620428, "dra-cen", } m["dra-sdo"] = { "ดราวิเดียนใต้ที่หนึ่ง", 16112843, -- Wikipedia's "South Dravidian" is South Dravidian I in this scheme. "dra-sou", aliases = {"ดราวิเดียนใต้ I", "ดราวิเดียนใต้", "South Dravidian I", "South Dravidian"}, -- This is why I and II are used. } m["dra-sdt"] = { "ดราวิเดียนใต้ที่สอง", 12633975, "dra-sou", aliases = {"ดราวิเดียนใต้ II", "ดราวิเดียนใต้-ตอนกลาง", "South Dravidian II", "South-Central Dravidian"}, } m["dra-sou"] = { "ดราวิเดียนใต้", 128886618, "dra", aliases = {"South Dravidian", "Southern Dravidian"}, } m["dra-tam"] = { "Tamiloid", 7681417, "dra-tml", protoLanguage = "oty", } m["dra-tel"] = { "Teluguic", nil, "dra-sdt", protoLanguage = "dra-ote", } m["dra-tkd"] = { "Tamil-Kodagu", 25494510, "dra-tkn", } m["dra-tkn"] = { "Tamil-Kannada", 6478506, "dra-sdo", } m["dra-tkt"] = { "Toda-Kota", 67983857, "dra-tkd", } m["dra-tlk"] = { "Tulu-Koraga", nil, "dra-sdo", } m["dra-tml"] = { "Tamil-Malayalam", 10690507, "dra-tkd", } m["egx"] = { "อิจิปเชียน", 50868, "afa", aliases = {"Egyptian"}, protoLanguage = "egy", } m["ero"] = { "Horpa", 56854, "sit-wgy", } m["esx"] = { "Eskimo-Aleut", 25946, } m["esx-esk"] = { "เอสกิโม", 25946, "esx", aliases = {"Eskimo"}, } m["esx-inu"] = { "อินุอิต", 27796, "esx-esk", aliases = {"Inuit"}, } m["euq"] = { "วาสโกนิก", 4669240, aliases = {"Vasconic"}, } m["gba"] = { "Gbaya", 3099986, "alv-sav", } m["gba-eas"] = { "Eastern Gbaya", nil, "gba", } m["gba-sou"] = { "Southern Gbaya", nil, "gba", } m["gba-wes"] = { "Western Gbaya", nil, "gba", } m["gem"] = { "เจอร์แมนิก", 21200, "ine", aliases = {"Germanic"}, } m["gio"] = { "Gelao", 56401, "qfa-kra", } m["gme"] = { "เจอร์แมนิกตะวันออก", 108662, "gem", aliases = {"East Germanic"}, } m["gmq"] = { "เจอร์แมนิกเหนือ", 106085, "gem", aliases = {"North Germanic"}, } m["gmq-eas"] = { "สแกนดิเนเวียนตะวันออก", 3090263, "gmq", protoLanguage = "non-oen", aliases = {"East Scandinavian"}, } m["gmq-ins"] = { "Insular Scandinavian", nil, "gmq-wes", } m["gmq-wes"] = { "สแกนดิเนเวียนตะวันตก", 1792570, "gmq", protoLanguage = "non-own", aliases = {"West Scandinavian"}, } m["gmw"] = { "เจอร์แมนิกตะวันตก", 26721, "gem", aliases = {"West Germanic"}, } m["gmw-afr"] = { "แองโกล-ฟรีเชียน", 5329170, "gmw-nsg", aliases = {"Anglo-Frisian"}, } m["gmw-ang"] = { "แองกลิก", 1346342, "gmw-afr", aliases = {"Anglic"}, protoLanguage = "ang", } m["gmw-fri"] = { "ฟรีเชียน", 25325, "gmw-afr", aliases = {"Frisian"}, protoLanguage = "ofs", } m["gmw-frk"] = { "Low Franconian", 153050, "gmw", protoLanguage = "frk", } m["gmw-hgm"] = { "ไฮเจอร์แมน", 52040, "gmw", aliases = {"เยอรมันสูง", "High German"}, -- ไม่สามารถใช้คำว่า เยอรมันสูง เพราะซ้ำกับชื่อภาษา protoLanguage = "goh", } m["gmw-ian"] = { "Irish Anglo-Norman", 120719384, "gmw-ang", protoLanguage = "enm", } m["gmw-lgm"] = { "โลว์เจอร์แมน", 25433, "gmw-nsg", aliases = {"เยอรมันต่ำ", "Low German"}, -- ไม่สามารถใช้คำว่า เยอรมันต่ำ เพราะซ้ำกับชื่อภาษา protoLanguage = "osx", } m["gmw-nsg"] = { "North Sea Germanic", 30134, "gmw", aliases = {"Ingvaeonic"}, } m["gn"] = { "กัวรานี", 35876, "tup-gua", aliases = {"Guarani", "Guaraní"}, } m["grb"] = { "Grebo proper", 35257, "kro-grb", } m["grk"] = { "เฮลเลนิก", 2042538, "ine", aliases = {"กรีก", "Hellenic", "Greek"}, } m["him"] = { "Western Pahari", 10939493, "inc-pah", aliases = {"Himachali"}, } m["hmn"] = { "ม้ง", 3307894, "hmx", aliases = {"Hmong"}, } m["hmx"] = { "ม้ง-เมี่ยน", 33322, aliases = {"แม้ว-เย้า", "Hmong-Mien", "Miao-Yao"}, } m["hmx-mie"] = { "เมี่ยน", 7992695, "hmx", aliases = {"Mien"}, } m["hok"] = { "Hokan", 33406, } m["hyx"] = { "อาร์มีเนียน", 8785, "ine", aliases = {"Armenian"}, } m["iir"] = { "อินโด-อิเรเนียน", 33514, "ine", aliases = {"อินโด-อิหร่าน", "Indo-Iranian"}, } m["iir-nur"] = { "Nuristani", 161804, "iir", } m["nur-nor"] = { "Northern Nuristani", nil, "iir-nur", } m["nur-sou"] = { "Southern Nuristani", nil, "iir-nur", } m["ijo"] = { "Ijoid", 1325759, "nic", other_names = {"Ijaw"}, -- Ijaw may be a subfamily } m["inc"] = { "อินโด-อารยัน", 33577, "iir", aliases = {"อินดิก", "Indo-Aryan", "Indic"}, } m["inc-bas"] = { "Bengali-Assamese", 4179137, "inc-eas", aliases = {"Assamese-Bengali", "Gauda-Kamarupa"}, } m["inc-bhi"] = { "Bhil", 4901727, "inc-cen", } m["inc-bih"] = { "Bihari", 135305, "inc-eas", } m["inc-cen"] = { "อินโด-อารยันตอนกลาง", 10979187, "inc", aliases = {"Central Indo-Aryan"}, protoLanguage = "inc-asa", } m["inc-chi"] = { "Chitrali", 11732797, "inc-dar", } m["inc-dar"] = { "Dardic", 161101, "inc", protoLanguage = "inc-ash", } m["inc-dre"] = { "Eastern Dardic", nil, "inc-dar", } m["inc-dng"] = { "Dangari", nil, "inc-shn", } m["inc-eas"] = { "อินโด-อารยันตะวันออก", 12593391, "inc", aliases = {"Eastern Indo-Aryan"}, protoLanguage = "inc-aav", } m["inc-hal"] = { "Halbic", 16910593, "inc-eas", aliases = {"Halbi"}, } m["inc-hie"] = { "ฮินดีตะวันออก", 4126648, "inc-cen", aliases = {"Eastern Hindi", "Purabiyā"}, protoLanguage = "inc-apa", } m["inc-hiw"] = { "ฮินดีตะวันตก", 12600937, "inc-cen", aliases = {"Western Hindi"}, protoLanguage = "inc-ohi", } m["inc-hnd"] = { "ฮินดูสตานี", 11051, "inc-hiw", aliases = {"ฮินดู-อูรดู", "Hindustani", "Hindi-Urdu"}, protoLanguage = "hi-mid", } m["inc-ins"] = { "Insular Indo-Aryan", 12179302, "inc", protoLanguage = "inc-apa", } m["inc-kas"] = { "Kashmiric", nil, "inc-dre", aliases = {"Kashmiri"}, } m["inc-koh"] = { "Kohistani", 13018610, "inc-dre", } m["inc-krd"] = { "KRDS languages", 6356154, "inc-eas", aliases = {"Kamta, Rajbanshi, Deshi and Surjapuri", "KRNB languages", "Kamta, Rajbanshi and Northern Deshi Bangla"}, } m["inc-kun"] = { "Kunar", nil, "inc-dar", } m["inc-mid"] = { "อินโด-อารยันกลาง", 3236316, "inc", aliases = {"Middle Indo-Aryan", "Middle Indic"}, } m["inc-nwe"] = { "อินโด-อารยันตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือ", 16111018, "inc", aliases = {"Northwestern Indo-Aryan"}, protoLanguage = "pra-pai", } m["inc-nor"] = { "อินโด-อารยันเหนือ", 946077, "inc", aliases = {"Northern Indo-Aryan"}, protoLanguage = "inc-aka", } m["inc-old"] = { "อินโด-อารยันเก่า", 118976896, "inc", aliases = {"Old Indo-Aryan", "Old Indic"}, } m["inc-pah"] = { "Pahari", 946077, "inc-nor", aliases = {"Pahadi"}, protoLanguage = "inc-aka", } m["inc-pan"] = { "Punjabic", 2656685, "inc-nwe", aliases = {"Greater Punjabic"}, protoLanguage = "inc-ata", } m["inc-pas"] = { "Pashayi", 36670, "inc-dar", aliases = {"Pashai"}, } m["inc-rom"] = { "Romani", 13201, "inc-wes", aliases = {"Romany", "Gypsy", "Gipsy"}, } m["inc-shn"] = { "Shinaic", 12646125, "inc-dre", } m["inc-snd"] = { "Sindhic", 7522212, "inc-nwe", protoLanguage = "inc-avr", } m["inc-sou"] = { "อินโด-อารยันใต้", 10856062, "inc", aliases = {"Southern Indo-Aryan"}, protoLanguage = "inc-ama", } m["inc-tha"] = { "Tharu", 34035, "inc-eas", } m["inc-wes"] = { "อินโด-อารยันตะวันตก", nil, "inc", aliases = {"Western Indo-Aryan"}, protoLanguage = "inc-agu", } m["ine"] = { "อินโด-ยูโรเปียน", 19860, aliases = {"อินโด-เจอร์แมนิก", "Indo-European", "Indo-Germanic"}, } m["ine-ana"] = { "อานาโตเลียน", 147085, "ine", aliases = {"Anatolian"}, } m["ine-bsl"] = { "บอลโต-สลาวิก", 147356, "ine", aliases = {"Balto-Slavic"}, } m["ine-toc"] = { "โทแคเรียน", 37029, "ine", aliases = {"โทคาเรียน", "Tocharian", "Tokharian"}, } m["ira"] = { "อิเรเนียน", 33527, "iir", aliases = {"อิหร่าน", "Iranian"}, } m["ira-csp"] = { "แคสเปียน", 5049123, "ira-mpr", aliases = {"Caspian"}, } m["ira-cen"] = { "อิเรเนียนตอนกลาง", nil, "ira", aliases = {"อิหร่านตอนกลาง", "Central Iranian"}, } m["ira-kms"] = { "Komisenian", nil, "ira-mpr", aliases = {"Semnani"}, } m["ine-luw"] = { "Luwic", 115748615, "ine-ana", aliases = {"Luvic"}, } m["ira-mid"] = { "อิเรเนียนกลาง", 6841465, "ira", aliases = {"อิหร่านกลาง", "Middle Iranian"}, } m["ira-mny"] = { "Munji-Yidgha", nil, "ira-sym", aliases = {"Yidgha-Munji"}, } m["ira-msh"] = { "Mazanderani-Shahmirzadi", nil, "ira-csp", } m["ira-nei"] = { "อิเรเนียนตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ", 10775567, "ira", aliases = {"อิหร่านตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ", "Northeastern Iranian"}, } m["ira-nwi"] = { "อิเรเนียนตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือ", 390576, "ira-wes", aliases = {"อิหร่านตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือ", "Northwestern Iranian"}, } m["ira-old"] = { "อิเรเนียนเก่า", 23301845, "ira", aliases = {"อิหร่านเก่า", "Old Iranian"}, } m["ira-orp"] = { "Ormuri-Parachi", nil, "ira-sei", } m["ira-pat"] = { "ปาทาน", nil, "ira-sei", aliases = {"Pathan"}, } m["ira-sbc"] = { "ซอกโด-แบกเตรียน", nil, "ira-nei", aliases = {"Sogdo-Bactrian"}, } m["ira-mpr"] = { "Medo-Parthian", nil, "ira-nwi", aliases = {"Partho-Median"}, } m["ira-sgi"] = { "Sanglechi-Ishkashimi", 18711232, "ira-sei", } m["ira-shr"] = { "Shughni-Roshani", 11732824, "ira-shy", } m["ira-shy"] = { "Shughni-Yazghulami", nil, "ira-sym", } m["ira-sgc"] = { "ซอกดิก", nil, "ira-sbc", aliases = {"ซอกเดียน", "Sogdic", "Sogdian"}, } m["ira-sei"] = { "อิเรเนียนตะวันออกเฉียงใต้", 3833002, "ira", aliases = {"อิหร่านตะวันออกเฉียงใต้", "Southeastern Iranian"}, } m["ira-swi"] = { "อิเรเนียนตะวันตกเฉียงใต้", 390424, "ira-wes", aliases = {"อิหร่านตะวันตกเฉียงใต้", "Southwestern Iranian"}, } m["ira-sym"] = { "Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji", nil, "ira-sei", } m["ira-wes"] = { "อิเรเนียนตะวันตก", 129850, "ira", aliases = {"อิหร่านตะวันตก", "Western Iranian"}, } m["ira-zgr"] = { "Zaza-Gorani", 167854, "ira-mpr", aliases = {"Zaza-Gurani", "Gorani-Zaza"}, } m["iro"] = { "Iroquoian", 33623, } m["iro-nor"] = { "North Iroquoian", nil, "iro", } m["itc"] = { "อิตาลิก", 131848, "ine", aliases = {"Italic"}, } m["itc-laf"] = { "Latino-Faliscan", 33478, "itc", aliases = {"Latinian"}, } m["itc-sbl"] = { "Osco-Umbrian", 515194, "itc", aliases = {"Sabellic", "Sabellian"}, } m["jpx"] = { "แจพอนิก", 33612, aliases = {"ญี่ปุ่น", "ญี่ปุ่น-รีวกีว", "แจแพนีส", "แจแพนีส-รีวกีวอัน", "Japonic", "Japanese", "Japanese-Ryukyuan"}, } m["jpx-nry"] = { "รีวกีวอันเหนือ", 20862796, "jpx-ryu", aliases = {"รีวกีวเหนือ", "Northern Ryukyuan"}, } m["jpx-ryu"] = { "รีวกีวอัน", 56393, "jpx", aliases = {"รีวกีว", "Ryukyuan"}, } m["jpx-sry"] = { "รีวกีวอันใต้", 18392243, "jpx-ryu", aliases = {"รีวกีวใต้", "Southern Ryukyuan"}, } m["kar"] = { "กะเหรี่ยง", 1364815, "sit", aliases = {"Karen"}, } m["kca"] = { "Khanty", 33563, "urj-ugr", aliases = {"Khantyic", "Khantic"}, } --[=[ Exceptional language and family codes for Khoisan and Kordofanian languages can use the prefix "khi-" and "kdo-" respectively, though they are no longer family codes themselves. ]=]-- m["khi-kal"] = { "Kalahari Khoe", nil, "khi-kho", } m["khi-khk"] = { "Khoekhoe", nil, "khi-kho", } m["khi-kkw"] = { "Khoe-Kwadi", 60785084, aliases = {"Kwadi-Khoe"}, } m["khi-kho"] = { "Khoe", 2736449, "khi-kkw", aliases = {"Central Khoisan"}, } m["khi-kxa"] = { "Kx'a", 6450587, aliases = {"Kxa", "Ju-ǂHoan"}, } m["khi-tuu"] = { "Tuu", 631046, aliases = {"Kwi", "Taa-Kwi", "Southern Khoisan", "Taa-ǃKwi", "Taa-ǃUi", "ǃUi-Taa"}, } m["kro"] = { "Kru", 33535, "nic-vco", } m["kro-aiz"] = { "Aizi", 4699431, "kro", } m["kro-bet"] = { "Bété", 32956, "kro-ekr", } m["kro-did"] = { "Dida", 32685, "kro-ekr", } m["kro-ekr"] = { "Eastern Kru", 5972899, "kro", } m["kro-grb"] = { "Grebo", 5601537, "kro-wkr", } m["kro-wee"] = { "Wee", nil, "kro-wkr", } m["kro-wkr"] = { "Western Kru", 5972897, "kro", } m["ku"] = { "เคอร์ดิช", 36368, "ira-nwi", aliases = {"เคิร์ด", "Kurdish"}, } m["kv"] = { "Komi", 36126, -- "Komi language" in Wikipedia but refers specifically to Komi-Zyrian; no Wikidata item for Komi family "urj-prm", } m["map"] = { "ออสโตรนีเซียน", 49228, aliases = {"Austronesian"}, } m["map-ata"] = { "Atayalic", 716610, "map", } m["mjg"] = { "Monguor", 34214, "xgn-shr", } m["mkh"] = { "มอญ-เขมร", 33199, "aav", aliases = {"Mon-Khmer"}, } m["mkh-asl"] = { "Aslian", 3111082, "mkh", } m["mkh-ban"] = { "Bahnaric", 56309, "mkh", } m["mkh-kat"] = { "Katuic", 56697, "mkh", } m["mkh-khm"] = { "ขมุอิก", 1323245, "mkh", aliases = {"ขมุ", "Khmuic"}, } m["mkh-kmr"] = { "ขแมริก", nil, "mkh", aliases = {"เขมร", "Khmeric"}, } m["mkh-mnc"] = { "โมนิก", 3217497, "mkh", aliases = {"มอญ", "Monic"}, } m["mkh-mng"] = { "Mangic", 3509556, "mkh", } m["mkh-nbn"] = { "North Bahnaric", 56309, "mkh-ban", } m["mkh-pal"] = { "Palaungic", 2391173, "mkh", } m["mkh-pea"] = { "แพริก", 3073022, "mkh", aliases = {"ปอร์", "เปือร์", "Pearic"}, } m["mkh-pkn"] = { "Pakanic", nil, "mkh-mng", } m["mkh-vie"] = { "เวียตติก", 2355546, "mkh", aliases = {"Vietic"}, } m["mno"] = { "มาโนโบ", 3217483, "phi", aliases = {"Manobo"}, } m["mns"] = { "Mansi", 33759, "urj-ugr", aliases = {"Mansic"}, } m["mun"] = { "มุนดา", 33892, "aav", aliases = {"Munda"}, } m["myn"] = { "มายัน", 33738, aliases = {"Mayan"}, } --[=[ Exceptional language and family codes for North American Indian languages can use the prefix "nai-", though "nai" is no longer itself a family code. ]=]-- m["nai-cat"] = { "Catawban", 3446638, "nai-sca", } m["nai-chu"] = { "Chumashan", 1288420, } m["nai-ckn"] = { "Chinookan", 610586, } m["nai-coo"] = { "Coosan", 940278, } m["nai-jcq"] = { "Jicaquean", 12179308, "hok" } m["nai-ker"] = { "Keresan", 35878, } m["nai-klp"] = { "Kalapuyan", 1569040, } m["nai-kta"] = { "Kiowa-Tanoan", 386288, } m["nai-len"] = { "Lencan", 36189, aliases = {"Lenca"}, } m["nai-mdu"] = { "Maiduan", 33502, } m["nai-miz"] = { "Mixe-Zoquean", 954016, aliases = {"Mixe-Zoque"}, } m["nai-min"] = { "Misumalpan", 281693, "qfa-mch", aliases = {"Misuluan", "Misumalpa"}, } m["nai-mus"] = { "Muskogean", 902978, aliases = {"Muskhogean"}, } m["nai-pak"] = { "Pakawan", 65085487, "hok", } m["nai-pal"] = { "Palaihnihan", 1288332, } m["nai-plp"] = { "Plateau Penutian", 2307476, } m["nai-pom"] = { "Pomoan", 2618420, "hok", aliases = {"Pomo", "Kulanapan"}, } m["nai-sca"] = { "Siouan-Catawban", 34181, } m["nai-shp"] = { "Sahaptian", 114782, "nai-plp", } m["nai-shs"] = { "Shastan", 2991735, "hok", } m["nai-tot"] = { "Totozoquean", 7828419, } m["nai-ttn"] = { "Totonacan", 34039, aliases = {"Totonac-Tepehua", "Totonacan-Tepehuan"}, varieties = {"Totonac"}, } m["nai-tqn"] = { "Tequistlatecan", 1568317, "hok", aliases = {"Tequistlatec", "Chontal", "Chontalan", "Oaxacan Chontal", "Chontal of Oaxaca"}, } m["nai-tsi"] = { "Tsimshianic", 34134, } m["nai-utn"] = { "Utian", 13371763, "nai-you", aliases = {"Miwok-Costanoan", "Mutsun"}, } m["nai-wtq"] = { "Wintuan", 1294259, aliases = {"Wintun"}, } m["nai-xin"] = { "Xincan", 1546494, aliases = {"Xinca"}, } m["nai-ykn"] = { "Yukian", 2406722, aliases = {"Yuki-Wappo"}, } m["nai-you"] = { "Yok-Utian", 2886186, } m["nai-yuc"] = { "Yuman-Cochimí", 579137, } m["ngf"] = { "Trans-New Guinea", 34018, } m["ngf-ais"] = { "Aisian", nil, "ngf-eso", } m["ngf-ang"] = { "Angan", 3217366, "ngf", aliases = {"Kratke Range"}, -- alternative name given by Wikipedia } m["ngf-ask"] = { "Asmat-Kamoro", 3031400, "ngf", -- Wikipedia uses Asmat-Kamoro to refer to a narrower group excluding the Sabakor languages (Buruwai and Kamberau, -- which Glottolog splits into North Kamrau and South Kamrau [sic]), and uses Asmat-Kamrau to refer to what we and -- Glottolog call Asmat-Kamoro. Glottolog does not recognize the narrower grouping. aliases = {"Asmat-Kamrau"}, } m["ngf-bos"] = { "Bosavi", 4947122, "ngf", aliases = {"Papuan Plateau"}, -- alternative name given by Wikipedia } m["ngf-chw"] = { "Chimbu-Wahgi", 3217383, "ngf", aliases = {"Simbu-Western Highlands"}, -- alternative name given by Wikipedia } m["ngf-dag"] = { "Dagan", 5208454, "ngf", -- not accepted as TNG by Glottolog but accepted by all others aliases = {"Meneao Range"}, } m["ngf-dan"] = { "Dani", 3217389, "ngf", -- Wikipedia renames the Dani languages to the Baliem Valley languages and sometimes (but not consistently) -- reserves the name Dani (or "Dani proper") for a narrower group excluding Wano and the poorly attested Ngalik -- languages (Nduga, Silimo, and the Yali dialect cluster, which we, following Ethnologue and Glottolog, split into -- Anggurk Yali, Ninia Yali and Pass Valley Yali). Glottolog does not recognize the narrower grouping. aliases = {"Baliem Valley"}, } m["ngf-eku"] = { "East Kutubuan", 5328752, "ngf", -- Not in TNG per Glottolog but accepted by all others. Sometimes grouped with Fasu to form a Kutubuan family. aliases = {"East Kutubu"}, -- Glottolog's name } m["ngf-eng"] = { "Engan", 3217449, "ngf", } m["ngf-eso"] = { "East Sogeram", nil, "ngf-sog", } m["ngf-est"] = { "East Strickland", 5329440, "ngf", aliases = {"Strickland River"}, -- alternative name given by Wikipedia } m["ngf-eva"] = { "Evapia", nil, "ngf-rai", aliases = {"Evapia River"}, -- Usher } m["ngf-fhu"] = { "Finisterre-Huon", 3217453, "ngf", aliases = {"Finisterre Range-Huon Peninsula"}, -- per Usher } m["ngf-fin"] = { "Finisterre", 5450373, "ngf-fhu", aliases = {"Finisterre-Saruwaged", -- Glottolog's name "Finisterre Range"}, -- per Usher } m["ngf-gaw"] = { "Greater Awyu", 12627424, "ngf", aliases = {"Digul River"}, -- used by Usher (2020) } m["ngf-gum"] = { "Gum", 5618008, "ngf-mab", } m["ngf-gsu"] = { "Gogodala-Suki", 5577428, "ngf", -- Possibly in the proposed Papuan Gulf family. Not in TNG per Glottolog but accepted by all others. aliases = {"Suki-Gogodala", -- Glottolog's name "Suki-Aramia River", -- Used in Usher (2020) }, } m["ngf-han"] = { "Hanseman", 5651020, "ngf-mab", aliases = {"Hansemann Range"}, -- Usher } m["ngf-huo"] = { "Huon", 5946109, "ngf-fhu", aliases = {"Huon Peninsula"}, -- per Usher } m["ngf-kag"] = { "Kainantu-Goroka", 3217463, "ngf", aliases = {"Eastern Highlands"}, -- per Usher (2020) } m["ngf-kak"] = { "Kalam-Kobon", 6350303, "ngf-ksa", aliases = {"Kalam", "Kaironk River"}, -- Usher (2020) } m["ngf-kau"] = { "Kaukombar", nil, "ngf-nad", aliases = {"Kaukombaran", -- Glottolog following Z'graggen (1975) "Kaukombar River"}, -- Usher's term } m["ngf-koi"] = { "Koiarian", 11154240, "ngf", -- not accepted as TNG by Glottolog but accepted by all others aliases = {"Koiari-Managalas Plateau"}, } m["ngf-kok"] = { "Kokon", -- Usher calls it South Mabuso but includes Gum in it nil, "ngf-mab", } m["ngf-kow"] = { "Kowan", 6435004, "ngf-mad", aliases = {"Isumrud Strait"}, -- per Usher (2020) } m["ngf-ksa"] = { "Kalam-Southern Adelbert", nil, "ngf-mad", aliases = {"Kalamic-South Adelbert", -- Glottolog "West Madang"}, -- Usher (2020) } m["ngf-kum"] = { "Kumil", nil, "ngf-nad", aliases = {"Kumilan", -- Pawley-Hammarström following Z'graggen (1975) "Kumil River"}, -- Usher's term } m["ngf-mab"] = { "Mabuso", 6721668, "ngf-mad", } m["ngf-mad"] = { "มาดัง", 11217556, "ngf", aliases = {"Madang", "Madang-Adelbert Range"}, -- Z'graggen (1975), corresponding to today's Madang except in lacking Kalam and Gants } m["ngf-mek"] = { "Mek", 6810515, "ngf", aliases = {"Goliath"}, -- outdated alternative name given by Wikipedia } m["ngf-min"] = { "Mindjim", 86749913, "ngf-mad", aliases = {"Lower Minjim", -- Glottolog, placed in Rai Coast by Glottolog and Pawley-Hammarström; Glottolog's -- Mindjim has 6 languages, including "Upper Minjim" (Rerau and Sgi Bara) "Mindjim River", -- Usher "Minjim", "Minjim River", }, } m["ngf-mom"] = { "Mombum", 6897077, "ngf", -- not accepted as TNG by Glottolog but accepted by all others aliases = {"Mombum-Koneraw", "Komolom", "Muli Strait"}, -- Pawley-Hammarström use Komolom, Usher uses Muli Strait } m["ngf-nad"] = { "Northern Adelbert", -- not accepted by Pawley-Hammarström 16952821, -- code for Croisilles linkage "ngf-mad", aliases = {"Adelbert Range-Isumrud Strait", -- Usher (2020) "North Adelbert", "Pihom-Isumrud"}, -- Ross? } m["ngf-nso"] = { "North Sogeram", nil, "ngf-sog", aliases = {"Mum-Sirva", -- Usher "North Central Sogeram", -- used by those who accept Central Sogeram (= North Sogeram + Apali and Manat) "North-Central Sogeram", -- rarer than without the dash "Sikan"}, -- Z’graggen (1975?) } m["ngf-num"] = { "Numugen", nil, "ngf-nad", aliases = {"Numugenan", -- Glottolog following Z'graggen 1975 "Numugen River"}, -- Usher's term } m["ngf-nur"] = { "Nuru", -- Usher excludes Yangulam, Pawley-Hammarström include Jilim and Rerau nil, "ngf-rai", aliases = {"Nuru River"}, -- Usher? } m["ngf-nwh"] = { "Northwest Hanseman", -- Usher nil, "ngf-han", aliases = {"Wamas-Samosa-Murupi-Mosimo"}, -- Glottolog, Greenhill, and Pawley-Hammarström following Z'graggen; the most common name, but very unwieldy } m["ngf-okk"] = { "Ok", 7081687, "ngf", } m["ngf-omo"] = { "Omosan", -- not included in (Greater) Northern Adelbert by Glottolog, but a sister nil, "ngf-nad", } m["ngf-pan"] = { "Paniai Lakes", 6035631, "ngf", aliases = {"Wissel Lakes", "Wissel Lakes-Kemandoga River"}, -- alternative names given by Wikipedia } m["ngf-pek"] = { "Peka", nil, "ngf-rai", aliases = {"Peka River"}, -- Usher? } m["ngf-pom"] = { "Pomoikan", nil, "ngf-sad", } m["ngf-rai"] = { "Rai Coast", 7283663, "ngf-mad", aliases = {"South Madang"}, -- Usher } m["ngf-sad"] = { "Southern Adelbert", 12633980, "ngf-ksa", aliases = {"South Adelbert", -- Glottolog "Southern Adelbert Range", -- Z'graggen (1980) "Sogeram and Tomul Rivers"}, -- Usher (2020)? } m["ngf-sbh"] = { "เซาท์เบิร์ดส์เฮด", 7566330, "ngf", aliases = {"South Bird's Head"}, } m["ngf-sog"] = { "Sogeram", 86750419, "ngf-sad", aliases = {"Sogeram River", -- Usher "Wanang"}, } m["ngf-tib"] = { "Tiboran", nil, "ngf-nad", aliases = {"Nuclear Tibor", -- Glottolog, excluding Wanambre/Mokati "Tiboran River", -- Usher (2020) "Tibor", -- Pick (2020) and Glottolog including Wanambre/Mokati } } m["ngf-usi"] = { "Utu-Silopi", nil, "ngf-han", aliases = {"Silopi-Utu"}, -- Usher } m["ngf-wso"] = { "West Sogeram", nil, "ngf-sog", aliases = {"Mand-Nend", -- Usher "Atan", -- Wurm following Z'graggen }, } m["ngf-yag"] = { "Yaganon", -- placed in Rai Coast by Glottolog and Pawley-Hammarström 35323986, "ngf-mad", aliases = {"Yaganon River"}, -- Usher } m["ngf-yar"] = { "Yareban", 16977672, "ngf", -- not accepted as TNG by Glottolog but accepted by all others aliases = {"Musa River"}, } m["nic"] = { "ไนเจอร์-คองโก", 33838, aliases = {"Niger-Congo", "Niger-Kordofanian"}, } m["nic-alu"] = { "Alumic", 4737355, "nic-plt", } m["nic-bas"] = { "Basa", 4866154, "nic-knj", } m["nic-bbe"] = { "Eastern Beboid", nil, "nic-beb", } m["nic-bco"] = { "เบนูเอ-คองโก", 33253, "nic-vco", aliases = {"Benue-Congo"}, } m["nic-bcr"] = { "Bantoid-Cross", 806983, "nic-bco", } m["nic-bdn"] = { "แบนทอยด์เหนือ", nil, "nic-bod", aliases = {"Northern Bantoid", "North Bantoid"}, } m["nic-bds"] = { "แบนทอยด์ใต้", 3183152, "nic-bod", aliases = {"Southern Bantoid", "Wide Bantu", "Bin"}, } m["nic-beb"] = { "Beboid", 813549, "nic-bds", } m["nic-ben"] = { "Bendi", 4887065, "nic-bcr", } m["nic-beo"] = { "Beromic", 4894642, "nic-plt", } m["nic-bod"] = { "แบนทอยด์", 806992, "nic-bcr", aliases = {"Bantoid"}, } m["nic-buk"] = { "Buli-Koma", nil, "nic-ovo", } m["nic-bwa"] = { "Bwa", 12628562, "nic-gur", other_names = {"Bwamu", "Bomu"}, } m["nic-cde"] = { "Central Delta", 3813191, "nic-cri", } m["nic-cri"] = { "Cross River", 1141096, "nic-bcr", } m["nic-dag"] = { "Dagbani", nil, "nic-wov", } m["nic-dak"] = { "Dakoid", 1157745, "nic-bdn", } m["nic-dge"] = { "Escarpment Dogon", 5397128, "qfa-dgn", } m["nic-dgw"] = { "West Dogon", nil, "qfa-dgn", } m["nic-eko"] = { "Ekoid", 1323395, "nic-bds", } m["nic-eov"] = { "Eastern Oti-Volta", nil, "nic-ovo", aliases = {"Samba"}, } m["nic-fru"] = { "Furu", 5509783, "nic-bds", } m["nic-gne"] = { "Eastern Gurunsi", 12633072, "nic-gns", aliases = {"Eastern Grũsi"}, } m["nic-gnn"] = { "Northern Gurunsi", nil, "nic-gns", aliases = {"Northern Grũsi"}, } m["nic-gnw"] = { "Western Gurunsi", nil, "nic-gns", aliases = {"Western Grũsi"}, } m["nic-gns"] = { "Gurunsi", 721007, "nic-gur", aliases = {"Grũsi"}, } m["nic-gre"] = { "Eastern Grassfields", 5330160, "nic-grf", } m["nic-grf"] = { "Grassfields", 750932, "nic-bds", aliases = {"Grassfields Bantu", "Wide Grassfields"}, } m["nic-grm"] = { "Gurma", 30587833, "nic-ovo", } m["nic-grs"] = { "Southwest Grassfields", 7571285, "nic-grf", } m["nic-gur"] = { "กูร์", 33536, "alv-sav", aliases = {"วอลตาอิก", "Gur", "Voltaic"}, } m["nic-ief"] = { "Ibibio-Efik", 2743643, "nic-lcr", } m["nic-jer"] = { "Jera", nil, "nic-kne", } m["nic-jkn"] = { "Jukunoid", 1711622, "nic-pla", } m["nic-jrn"] = { "Jarawan", 1683430, "nic-mba", } m["nic-jrw"] = { "Jarawa", 35423, "nic-jrn", } m["nic-kam"] = { "Kambari", 6356294, "nic-knj", } m["nic-ktl"] = { "Katloid", nil, "nic", } m["nic-kau"] = { "Kauru", nil, "nic-kne", } m["nic-kmk"] = { "Kamuku", 6359821, "nic-knj", } m["nic-kne"] = { "East Kainji", 5328687, "nic-knj", } m["nic-knj"] = { "Kainji", 681495, "nic-pla", } m["nic-knn"] = { "Northwest Kainji", 7060098, "nic-knj", } m["nic-ktl"] = { "Katloid", 6377681, "nic", aliases = {"Katla", "Katla-Tima"}, } m["nic-lcr"] = { "Lower Cross River", 3813193, "nic-cri", } m["nic-mam"] = { "Mamfe", 2005898, "nic-bds", aliases = {"Nyang"}, } m["nic-mba"] = { "Mbam", 687826, "nic-bds", } m["nic-mbc"] = { "Mba", 6799561, "nic-ubg", } m["nic-mbw"] = { "West Mbam", nil, "nic-mba", } m["nic-mmb"] = { "Mambiloid", 1888151, other_names = {"North Bantoid"}, -- per Wikipedia, North Bantoid is the parent family "nic-bdn", } m["nic-mom"] = { "Momo", 6897393, "nic-grf", } m["nic-mre"] = { "Moré", nil, "nic-wov", } m["nic-ngd"] = { "Ngbandi", 36439, "nic-ubg", } m["nic-nge"] = { "Ngemba", 7022271, "nic-gre", } m["nic-ngk"] = { "Ngbaka", 3217499, "nic-ubg", } m["nic-nin"] = { "Ninzic", 7039282, "nic-plt", } m["nic-nka"] = { "Nkambe", 7042520, "nic-gre", } m["nic-nkb"] = { "Baka", nil, "nic-nkw", } m["nic-nke"] = { "Eastern Ngbaka", nil, "nic-ngk", } m["nic-nkg"] = { "Gbanziri", nil, "nic-nkw", } m["nic-nkk"] = { "Kpala", nil, "nic-nkw", } m["nic-nkm"] = { "Mbaka", nil, "nic-nkw", } m["nic-nkw"] = { "Western Ngbaka", nil, "nic-ngk", } m["nic-npd"] = { "North Plateau Dogon", nil, "qfa-dgn", } m["nic-nun"] = { "Nun", 13654297, "nic-gre", } m["nic-nwa"] = { "Nanga-Walo", nil, "qfa-dgn", } m["nic-ogo"] = { "Ogoni", 2350726, "nic-cri", aliases = {"Ogonoid"}, } m["nic-ovo"] = { "Oti-Volta", 1157178, "nic-gur", } m["nic-pla"] = { "Platoid", 453244, "nic-bco", aliases = {"Central Nigerian"}, } m["nic-plc"] = { "Central Plateau", 5061668, "nic-plt", } m["nic-pld"] = { "Plains Dogon", nil, "qfa-dgn", } m["nic-ple"] = { "East Plateau", 5329154, "nic-plt", } m["nic-pls"] = { "South Plateau", 7568236, "nic-plt", aliases = {"Jilic-Eggonic"}, } m["nic-plt"] = { "Plateau", 1267471, "nic-pla", } m["nic-ras"] = { "Rashad", 3401986, "nic", } m["nic-rnc"] = { "Central Ring", nil, "nic-rng", } m["nic-rng"] = { "Ring", 2269051, "nic-grf", aliases = {"Ring Road"}, } m["nic-rnn"] = { "Northern Ring", nil, "nic-rng", } m["nic-rnw"] = { "Western Ring", nil, "nic-rng", } m["nic-ser"] = { "Sere", 7453058, "nic-ubg", } m["nic-shi"] = { "Shiroro", 7498953, "nic-knj", aliases = {"Pongu"}, } m["nic-sis"] = { "Sisaala", 36532, "nic-gnw", } m["nic-tar"] = { "Tarokoid", 2394472, "nic-plt", } m["nic-tiv"] = { "Tivoid", 752377, "nic-bds", } m["nic-tvc"] = { "Central Tivoid", nil, "nic-tiv", } m["nic-tvn"] = { "Northern Tivoid", nil, "nic-tiv", } m["nic-ubg"] = { "Ubangian", 33932, "nic-vco", -- or none } m["nic-uce"] = { "East-West Upper Cross River", nil, "nic-ucr", } m["nic-ucn"] = { "North-South Upper Cross River", nil, "nic-ucr", } m["nic-ucr"] = { "Upper Cross River", 4108624, "nic-cri", aliases = {"Upper Cross"}, } m["nic-vco"] = { "วอลตา-คองโก", 37228, "alv", aliases = {"Volta-Congo"} } m["nic-wov"] = { "Western Oti-Volta", nil, "nic-ovo", aliases = {"Moré-Dagbani"} } m["nic-ykb"] = { "Yukubenic", 16909196, "nic-plt", aliases = {"Oohum"}, } m["nic-ymb"] = { "Yambasa", nil, "nic-mba", } m["nic-yon"] = { "Yom-Nawdm", nil, "nic-ovo", aliases = {"Moré-Dagbani"} } m["nub"] = { "นูเบียน", 1517194, "sdv-nes", aliases = {"Nubian"}, } m["nub-hil"] = { "Hill Nubian", 5762211, "nub", aliases = {"Kordofan Nubian"}, } m["omq"] = { "Oto-Manguean", 33669, } m["omq-cha"] = { "Chatino", 35111, "omq-zap", } m["omq-chi"] = { "Chinantecan", 35828, "omq", } m["omq-cui"] = { "Cuicatec", 616024, "omq-mix", } m["omq-maz"] = { "Mazatecan", 36230, "omq", aliases = {"Mazatec"}, } m["omq-mix"] = { "Mixtecan", 21083066, "omq", } m["omq-mxt"] = { "Mixtec", 36363, "omq-mix", } m["omq-otp"] = { "Oto-Pamean", nil, "omq", } m["omq-pop"] = { "Popolocan", 5132273, "omq", } m["omq-tri"] = { "Triqui", 780200, "omq-mix", aliases = {"Trique"}, } m["omq-zap"] = { "Zapotecan", 8066463, "omq", } m["omq-zpc"] = { "Zapotec", 13214, "omq-zap", } m["omv"] = { "Omotic", 33860, "afa", } m["omv-aro"] = { "Aroid", 3699526, "omv", aliases = {"Ari-Banna", "South Omotic", "Somotic"}, } m["omv-diz"] = { "Dizoid", 430251, "omv", aliases = {"Maji", "Majoid"}, } m["omv-eom"] = { "East Ometo", 20527288, "omv-ome", } m["omv-gon"] = { "Gonga", 4143043, "omv", aliases = {"Kefoid"}, } m["omv-mao"] = { "Mao", 1351495, "omv", } m["omv-nom"] = { "North Ometo", nil, "omv-ome", } m["omv-ome"] = { "Ometo", 36310, "omv", } m["oto"] = { "Otomian", 1270220, "omq-otp", } m["oto-otm"] = { "Otomi", nil, "oto", } m["paa"] = { "ปาปวน", 236425, "qfa-not", aliases = {"Papuan"}, } m["paa-amu"] = { "Amto-Musan", 480281, aliases = {"Samaia River"}, } m["paa-ani"] = { "Anim", 55603991, aliases = {"Fly River"}, } m["paa-arf"] = { "Arafundi", 4783702, } m["paa-baw"] = { "Bayono-Awbono", 2424781, } m["paa-bin"] = { "Binanderean", 3217374, -- Wikidata doesn't distinguish Binanderean from Greater Binanderean "paa-gbi", aliases = {"Oro"}, -- Oro is used in Usher (2020) } m["paa-bng"] = { "Baining", 748487, aliases = {"East New Britain"}, } m["paa-brd"] = { "Border", 1752158, aliases = {"Upper Tami"}, } m["paa-bul"] = { "Bulaka River", 4987195, aliases = {"Yelmek-Maklew", "Jabga"}, -- Yelmek-Maklew in Evans (2018) and Gregor (2021) } m["paa-dot"] = { "Doso-Turumsa", 16917784, -- possibly related to East Strickland languages aliases = {"Soari River"}, -- Usher's name } m["paa-ebh"] = { "East Bird's Head", 338064, aliases = {"Mantion-Meax", "Mantion-Meyah", -- Mantion-Meax is Wikipedia's term "Southeast Bird's Head", -- Usher (2020) }, } m["paa-eel"] = { "Eastern Eleman", nil, "paa-ele", aliases = {"East Eleman"}, } m["paa-egb"] = { "East Geelvink Bay", 1497678, aliases = {"Geelvink Bay", "East Cenderawasih"}, -- Geelvink Bay per Glottolog } m["paa-eke"] = { "East Keram", nil, "paa-ker", } m["paa-ele"] = { "Eleman", 3034298, aliases = {"Kerema Bay"}, } m["paa-etf"] = { "Eastern Trans-Fly", 5330530, aliases = {"Oriomo"}, -- in increasing recent use, probably originating in Evans (2018) } m["paa-fas"] = { "Fas", 3502658, aliases = {"Baibai-Fas"}, -- Glottolog's name } m["paa-gbi"] = { "Greater Binanderean", 3217374, -- Wikidata doesn't distinguish Binanderean from Greater Binanderean -- often placed in Trans-New Guinea but not in Usher (2020) aliases = {"Guhu-Oro"}, -- Guhu-Oro is used in Usher (2020) } m["paa-iwm"] = { "Iwam", 15147853, "paa-spk", } m["paa-kae"] = { "Kamula-Elevala", 130390498, -- often placed in TNG aliases = {"Kamula-Elevala River"}, } m["paa-kko"] = { "Kaure-Kosare", -- rejected by Pawley-Hammarström but accepted by Glottolog, Foley (2018) and Usher (2020) 48767891, aliases = {"Nawa River"}, -- Usher's term } m["paa-kay"] = { "Kayagaric", 7566330, aliases = {"Kayagar", -- formerly common "Cook River"}, -- per Usher (2020) } m["paa-ker"] = { "Keram", 48768173, -- often grouped within or coordinate with the Ramu languages aliases = {"Keram River"}, } m["paa-kiw"] = { "Kiwaian", 338449, aliases = {"Kiwai"}, -- formerly common, still sees some use } m["paa-kol"] = { "Kolopom", 6427807, } m["paa-kun"] = { "Kunimaipan", 134973258, aliases = {"Northwest Wharton Range"}, -- per Usher (2020) -- often considered a subfamily of Goilalan } m["paa-kwa"] = { "Kwalean", 6450053, aliases = {"Humene-Uare"}, } m["paa-kwm"] = { "Kwomtari", 2075415, aliases = {"Kwomtari-Nai"}, -- Senu River is a larger unproven proposal } m["paa-lem"] = { "Left May", 614468, aliases = {"Arai River"}, -- per Usher (2020) -- Sometimes in a putative Arai-Samaia family along with Amto-Musan and the Pyu language } m["paa-lkp"] = { "Lakes Plain", aliases = {"Lakes Plains"}, 6478969, } m["paa-lsp"] = { "Lower Sepik", 7061700, aliases = {"Nor-Pondo"}, } m["paa-mai"] = { "Mairasi", 6736896, aliases = {"Mairasic"}, -- per Glottolog } m["paa-mal"] = { "Mailuan", 6735839, aliases = {"Cloudy Bay"}, } m["paa-man"] = { "Manubaran", 6752335, aliases = {"Mount Brown"}, } m["paa-mbi"] = { "Mbaham-Iha", 85784512, "qfa-dis", -- Papuan languages; Glottolog groups Karas (Kalamang) with Mbaham-Iha into a (mainland) West Bomberai -- family and stops there; Wikipedia, following Usher and Schapper (2022), groups Karas, Mbaham-Iha -- and the large Timor-Alor-Pantar family into a (Greater) West Bomberai family, saying that Karas is no -- closer to Mbaham-Iha than to Timor-Alor-Pantar. aliases = {"Mbahaam-Iha", -- used by Wikidata "Nuclear West Bomberai", -- Glottolog's name }, } m["paa-mbr"] = { "Maybratic", 4830892, -- the code for the Maybrat language in Wikipedia, which subsumes the two languages of this family -- putatively included in West Papuan but generally considered an isolated family aliases = {"Maybrat-Karon"}, } m["paa-msk"] = { "Sko", 953509, aliases = {"Skou"}, } m["paa-nbo"] = { "North Bougainville", 749496, } m["paa-ndu"] = { "Ndu", 3217498, "paa-spk", -- Not accepted by Glottolog } m["paa-nim"] = { "Nimboran", 12638426, aliases = {"Nimboranic", -- per Glottolog "Grime River" -- per Usher (2020) } } m["paa-nha"] = { "North Halmahera", 3217358, -- possibly in a proposed West Papuan family or an independent family } m["paa-pau"] = { "Pauwasi", 7155496, } m["paa-pht"] = { "Pahoturi River", 17049141, aliases = {"Pahoturi"}, -- per Glottolog } m["paa-pia"] = { "Piawi", -- per Wikipedia, grouped with Arafundi languages to form Upper Yuat, which is a sister to Madang 7190400, aliases = {"Schraeder Range", -- Usher? "Waibuk"}, } m["paa-ram"] = { "Ramu", 3442808, aliases = {"Ramu River"}, -- per Usher (2020) } m["paa-sbo"] = { "South Bougainville", 3217380, } m["paa-sen"] = { "Sentani", 17044584, -- no consensus on higher affiliations, if any aliases = {"Sentanic", "Demta-Sentani", "Demta-Lake Sentani"}, -- Sentanic per Glottolog, Demta-Sentani per Wikipedia } m["paa-sng"] = { "Senagi", 2066550, } m["paa-spk"] = { "Sepik", 3508772, } m["paa-tap"] = { "Timor-Alor-Pantar", 16590002, } m["paa-teb"] = { "Teberan", 7692052, -- Often grouped with Trans-New Guinea, but per Pawley-Hammarström (2018), it has "weaker or disputed claims to membership in TNG". aliases = {"Dadibi-Folopa"}, } m["paa-tkw"] = { "Tor-Kwerba", 7827523, } m["paa-tor"] = { "Torricelli", 1333831, } m["paa-tuk"] = { "Turama-Kikori", 7853680, aliases = {"Turama-Kikorian", "Rumu-Omati River"}, } m["paa-wal"] = { "Walio", 16919872, -- Often placed in Sepik (e.g. by Laycock and Z'graggen (1975)), but not by Foley (2018), and not accepted by Glottolog. aliases = {"Walioic", -- Glottolog "Central Leonhard Schultze River", }, } m["paa-wbh"] = { "West Bird's Head", 5330530, -- Kuwani is sometimes included; probably related to North Halmahera languages. } m["paa-wel"] = { "Western Eleman", nil, "paa-ele", aliases = {"West Eleman"}, } m["paa-wke"] = { "West Keram", nil, "paa-ker", aliases = {"Mongol-Langam", "Ulmapo"}, -- Ulmapo used by Glottolog } m["paa-yam"] = { "Yam", 15062272, aliases = {"Morehead and Upper Maro River"}, } m["paa-yaw"] = { "Yawa-Saweru", 3217545, aliases = {"Yawa", "Yawan", "Yapen"}, } m["paa-yua"] = { "Yuat", 8060096, } m["phi"] = { "ฟิลิปปินส์", 947858, "poz", aliases = {"Philippine"}, } m["phi-kal"] = { "คาลาเมียน", 3217466, "phi", aliases = {"Kalamian", "Calamian"}, } m["poz"] = { "มาลาโย-พอลินีเชียน", 143158, "map", aliases = {"Malayo-Polynesian"}, } m["poz-aay"] = { "Admiralty Islands", 2701306, "poz-oce", } m["poz-bnn"] = { "บอร์เนียวเหนือ", 1427907, "poz", aliases = {"North Bornean"}, } m["poz-bre"] = { "East Barito", 2701314, "poz", } m["poz-brw"] = { "West Barito", 2761679, "poz", } m["poz-bss"] = { "Bali-Sasak-Sumbawa", 3396043, "poz-msa", } m["poz-btk"] = { "Bungku-Tolaki", 3217381, "poz-clb", } m["poz-cet"] = { "มาลาโย-พอลินีเชียนตอนกลาง-ตะวันออก", 2269883, "poz", aliases = {"Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian"}, } m["poz-clb"] = { "Celebic", 1078041, "poz", } m["poz-cln"] = { "นิวแคลิโดเนียน", 3091221, "poz-ocs", aliases = {"New Caledonian"}, } m["poz-cma"] = { "Central Maluku", 3217479, "poz-cet", } m["poz-hce"] = { "Halmahera-Cenderawasih", 2526616, "pqe", } m["poz-kal"] = { "Kaili-Pamona", 3217465, "poz-clb", } m["poz-lgx"] = { "ลัมปุงกิก", 49215, "poz", aliases = {"Lampungic"}, } m["poz-mcm"] = { "มาลาโย-จามิก", nil, "poz-msa", aliases = {"Malayo-Chamic"}, } m["poz-mic"] = { "ไมโครนีเซียน", 420591, "poz-occ", aliases = {"Micronesian"}, } m["poz-mly"] = { "มาเลย์อิก", 662628, "poz-mcm", aliases = {"Malayic"}, } m["poz-msa"] = { "มาลาโย-ซุมบาวัน", 1363818, "poz", aliases = {"Malayo-Sumbawan"}, } m["poz-mun"] = { "Muna-Buton", 3037924, "poz-clb", } m["poz-nws"] = { "Northwest Sumatran", 2071308, "poz", } m["poz-occ"] = { "โอเชียนิกตอนกลาง-ตะวันออก", 2068435, "poz-oce", aliases = {"Central-Eastern Oceanic"}, } m["poz-oce"] = { "โอเชียนิก", 324457, "pqe", aliases = {"Oceanic"}, } m["poz-ocs"] = { "โอเชียนิกใต้", 3039118, "poz-occ", aliases = {"Southern Oceanic"}, } m["poz-ocw"] = { "โอเชียนิกตะวันตก", 2701282, "poz-oce", aliases = {"Western Oceanic"}, } m["poz-pcc"] = { "แปซิฟิกตอนกลาง", 3130237, "poz-occ", aliases = {"Central Pacific"}, } m["poz-pep"] = { "พอลินีเชียนตะวันออก", 390979, "poz-pnp", aliases = {"Eastern Oceanic"}, } m["poz-pnp"] = { "นิวเคลียร์พอลินีเชียน", 743851, "poz-pol", aliases = {"Nuclear Polynesian"}, } m["poz-pol"] = { "พอลินีเชียน", 390979, "poz-pcc", aliases = {"Polynesian"}, } m["poz-san"] = { "Sabahan", 3217517, "poz-bnn", } m["poz-sbj"] = { "Sama-Bajaw", 2160409, "poz", } m["poz-slb"] = { "Saluan-Banggai", 3217519, "poz-clb", } m["poz-sls"] = { "Southeast Solomonic", 3119671, "poz-occ", } m["poz-ssw"] = { "ซูลาเวซีใต้", 2778190, "poz", aliases = {"สุลาเวสีใต้", "South Sulawesi"}, } m["poz-stm"] = { "St. Matthias", 6484143, "poz-oce", aliases = {"St Matthias"}, } m["poz-swa"] = { "ซาราวักเหนือ", 538569, "poz-bnn", aliases = {"North Sarawakan"}, } m["poz-tem"] = { "Temotu", 3075769, "poz-oce", } m["poz-tim"] = { "Timoric", 7806987, "poz-cet", } m["poz-ton"] = { "Tongic", 3397263, "poz-pol", } m["poz-tot"] = { "Tomini-Tolitoli", 3217541, "poz-clb", } m["poz-vnc"] = { "Central Vanuatu", 5061988, "poz-ocs", } m["poz-vnn"] = { "North Vanuatu", 85789650, "poz-ocs", } m["poz-vns"] = { "South Vanuatu", 3070173, "poz-ocs", } m["poz-wot"] = { "Wotu-Wolio", 1041317, "poz-clb", } m["pqe"] = { "มาลาโย-พอลินีเชียนตะวันออก", 2269883, "poz-cet", aliases = {"Eastern Malayo-Polynesian"}, } m["qfa-adc"] = { "เกรตอันดามันนีสตอนกลาง", nil, "qfa-adm", aliases = {"Central Great Andamanese"}, } m["qfa-adm"] = { "เกรตอันดามันนีส", 3515103, aliases = {"Great Andamanese"}, } m["qfa-adn"] = { "เกรตอันดามันนีสเหนือ", nil, "qfa-adm", aliases = {"Northern Great Andamanese"}, } m["qfa-ads"] = { "เกรตอันดามันนีสใต้", nil, "qfa-adm", aliases = {"Southern Great Andamanese"}, } m["qfa-ain"] = { "Ainuic", 50111972, aliases = {"Ainu"}, } m["qfa-bej"] = { "Be-Jizhao", nil, "qfa-bet", } m["qfa-bet"] = { "เบ-ไท", 12627719, "qfa-tak", aliases = {"ไท-เบ", "Be-Tai", "Tai-Be", "Daic-Beic", "Beic-Daic"}, } m["qfa-buy"] = { "Buyang", 1109927, "qfa-kra", } m["qfa-cka"] = { "Chukotko-Kamchatkan", 33255, } m["qfa-cre"] = { "ครีโอล", 33289, "crp", aliases = {"creole"}, } m["qfa-ckn"] = { "Chukotkan", 2606732, "qfa-cka", } m["qfa-cnt"] = { "contact", 133253514, "qfa-not", } m["qfa-dis"] = { -- Languages that are not unclassifiable (qfa-unc) but where there is no consensus on classification. Usually -- this is because the languages are divergent and it's disputed whether they are isolates or distantly related -- to other languages. "disputed affiliation", nil, "qfa-not", } m["qfa-dgn"] = { "Dogon", 1234776, "nic", } m["qfa-dny"] = { "Dene-Yeniseian", 21103, aliases = {"Dené-Yeniseian"}, } m["qfa-hur"] = { "Hurro-Urartian", 1144159, } m["qfa-iso"] = { "โดดเดี่ยว", 33648, "qfa-not", aliases = {"isolate"}, } m["qfa-kad"] = { "Kadu", -- considered either Nilo-Saharan or independent/none 1720989, } m["qfa-kms"] = { "Kam-Sui", 1023641, "qfa-tak", } m["qfa-kor"] = { "โคเรียน", 11263525, aliases = {"เกาหลี", "Korean"}, } m["qfa-kra"] = { "ขร้า", 1022087, "qfa-tak", aliases = {"Kra"}, } m["qfa-lic"] = { "ไลอิก", 1023648, "qfa-tak", aliases = {"ไหล", "Hlai", "Hlaic"}, } m["qfa-mch"] = { -- used in both N and S America "Macro-Chibchan", 3438062, } m["qfa-mix"] = { "ผสม", 33694, "qfa-cnt", aliases = {"mixed"}, } m["qfa-not"] = { "ไม่ใช่กลุ่มภาษา", nil, "qfa-not", aliases = {"not a family"}, } m["qfa-onb"] = { "เบ", nil, "qfa-bej", aliases = {"อังเบ", "Be", "Ong-Be", "Beic"}, } m["qfa-ong"] = { "Ongan", 2090575, aliases = {"Angan", "South Andamanese", "Jarawa-Onge"}, } m["qfa-pid"] = { "พิดจิน", 33831, "crp", aliases = {"pidgin"}, } m["qfa-sub"] = { "substrate", 20730913, "qfa-not", } m["qfa-tak"] = { "ขร้า-ไท", 34171, aliases = {"ไท-กะได", "กะได", "Kra-Dai", "Tai-Kadai", "Kadai"}, } m["qfa-tyn"] = { "Tyrsenian", 1344038, } m["qfa-unc"] = { -- This corresponds to languages normally called "unclassified", i.e. there is insufficient data or research to -- classify them, whereas our [[:Category:Unclassified languages]] is just languages that no Wiktionary editor -- has classified yet (the family code in the language data is missing). "unclassifiable", 33956, "qfa-not", } m["qfa-xgs"] = { "Serbi-Mongolic", 108887939, } m["qfa-xgx"] = { "Para-Mongolic", 107619002, "qfa-xgs", } m["qfa-yen"] = { "Yeniseian", 27639, "qfa-dny", aliases = {"Yeniseic", "Yenisei-Ostyak"}, } m["qfa-yke"] = { "Ketic", nil, "qfa-yen", } m["qfa-yko"] = { "Kottic", nil, "qfa-yen", } m["qfa-yrn"] = { "Arinic", nil, "qfa-yen", } m["qfa-ypm"] = { "Pumpokolic", nil, "qfa-yen", } m["qfa-yuk"] = { "Yukaghir", 34164, aliases = {"Yukagir", "Jukagir"}, } m["qwe"] = { "เกชวน", 5218, aliases = {"Quechuan"}, } m["raj"] = { "ราชสถาน", 13196, "inc-wes", protoLanguage = "inc-ogu", aliases = {"Rajasthani"}, } m["roa"] = { "โรมานซ์", 19814, "itc", aliases = {"โรมานิก", "ละติน", "นีโอละติน", "นีโอ-ละติน", "Romance", "Romanic", "Latin", "Neolatin", "Neo-Latin"}, protoLanguage = "la", } m["roa-asl"] = { "Asturleonese", 35390, "roa-ibe", protoLanguage = "roa-ole", } m["roa-cas"] = { "Castilian", 71924, "roa-ibe", aliases = {"Castillian", "Castilic", "Castillic"}, protoLanguage = "osp", } m["roa-dal"] = { "Dalmatian Romance", 97646077, "roa-itd", } m["roa-eas"] = { "โรมานซ์ตะวันออก", 147576, "roa", aliases = {"Eastern Romance"}, } m["roa-emr"] = { "Emilian-Romagnol", 242648, "roa-git", } m["roa-gap"] = { "Galician-Portuguese", 9080204, "roa-ibe", aliases = {"Galician Romance", "Galaic-Portuguese"}, protoLanguage = "roa-opt", } m["roa-gar"] = { "Gallo-Romance", 500394, "roa-wes", } m["roa-itd"] = { "อิตาโล-แดลเมเชียน", 3313381, "roa-iwr", aliases = {"Italo-Dalmatian", "Central Romance"}, } m["roa-itr"] = { "Italo-Romance", 3356483, "roa-itd", } m["roa-iwr"] = { "Italo-Western Romance", 112608, "roa", aliases = {"Italo-Western"}, } m["roa-git"] = { "แกลโล-อิตาลิก", 516074, "roa-gar", aliases = {"Gallo-Italic", "Gallo-Italian", "Gallo-Cisalpine", "Cisalpine"}, } m["roa-grh"] = { "Gallo-Rhaetian", 97646466, "roa-gar", } m["roa-ibe"] = { "Ibero-Romance", 749533, "roa-wes", aliases = {"Iberian Romance", "West Ibero-Romance", "Western Ibero-Romance", "West Iberian Romance", "Western Iberian Romance"} } m["roa-nar"] = { "Navarro-Aragonese", 133252927, "roa-ibe", protoLanguage = "roa-ona", } m["roa-oil"] = { "อออีล", 37351, "roa-grh", aliases = {"Oïl", "langue d'oïl", "Cisalpine"}, protoLanguage = "fro", } m["roa-ocr"] = { "Occitano-Romance", 599958, "roa-gar", aliases = {"Gallo-Narbonnese", "East Iberian", "Eastern Iberian"}, } m["roa-rhe"] = { "Rhaeto-Romance", 515593, "roa-grh", aliases = {"langues d'oïl", "langue d'oïl", "Cisalpine"}, } m["roa-sou"] = { "Southern Romance", 145345, "roa", } m["roa-wes"] = { "Western Romance", 2714388, "roa-iwr", } --[=[ Exceptional language and family codes for South American Indian languages can use the prefix "sai-", though "sai" is no longer itself a family code. ]=]-- m["sai-ara"] = { "Araucanian", 626630, } m["sai-aym"] = { "Aymaran", 33010, } m["sai-bar"] = { "Barbacoan", 807304, aliases = {"Barbakoan"}, } m["sai-bor"] = { "Boran", 5371776, } m["sai-cah"] = { "Cahuapanan", 1025793, } m["sai-car"] = { "Cariban", 33090, aliases = {"Carib"}, } m["sai-cer"] = { "Cerrado", 98078151, "sai-jee", aliases = {"Amazonian Jê"}, } m["sai-chc"] = { "Chocoan", 1075616, aliases = {"Choco", "Chocó"}, } m["sai-cho"] = { "Chonan", 33019, aliases = {"Chon"}, } m["sai-cje"] = { "Central Jê", 18010843, "sai-cer", aliases = {"Akuwẽ"}, } m["sai-cpc"] = { "Chapacuran", 1062626, } m["sai-crn"] = { "Charruan", 3112423, aliases = {"Charrúan"}, } m["sai-ctc"] = { "Catacaoan", 5051139, } m["sai-guc"] = { "Guaicuruan", 1974973, "sai-mgc", aliases = {"Guaicurú", "Guaycuruana", "Guaikurú", "Guaycuruano", "Guaykuruan", "Waikurúan"}, } m["sai-guh"] = { "Guahiban", 944056, aliases = {"Guahiboan", "Guajiboan", "Wahivoan"}, } m["sai-gui"] = { "Guianan", nil, "sai-car", aliases = {"Guianan Carib", "Guiana Carib"}, } m["sai-har"] = { "Harákmbut", 1584402, "sai-hkt", aliases = {"Harákmbet"}, } m["sai-hkt"] = { "Harákmbut-Katukinan", 17107635, } m["sai-hrp"] = { "Huarpean", 1578336, aliases = {"Warpean", "Huarpe", "Warpe"}, } m["sai-jee"] = { "Jê", 1483594, "sai-mje", aliases = {"Gê", "Jean", "Gean", "Jê-Kaingang", "Ye"}, } m["sai-jir"] = { "Jirajaran", 3028651, aliases = {"Hiraháran"}, } m["sai-jiv"] = { "Jivaroan", 1393074, aliases = {"Hívaro", "Jibaro", "Jibaroan", "Jibaroana", "Jívaro"}, } m["sai-ktk"] = { "Katukinan", 2636000, "sai-hkt", aliases = {"Catuquinan"}, } m["sai-kui"] = { "Kuikuroan", nil, "sai-car", aliases = {"Kuikuro", "Nahukwa"}, } m["sai-map"] = { "Mapoyan", 61096301, "sai-ven", aliases = {"Mapoyo", "Mapoyo-Yabarana", "Mapoyo-Yavarana", "Mapoyo-Yawarana"}, } m["sai-mas"] = { "Mascoian", 1906952, aliases = {"Mascoyan", "Maskoian", "Enlhet-Enenlhet"}, } m["sai-mgc"] = { "Mataco-Guaicuru", 255512, } m["sai-mje"] = { "Macro-Jê", 887133, aliases = {"Macro-Gê"}, } m["sai-mtc"] = { "Matacoan", 2447424, "sai-mgc", } m["sai-mur"] = { "Muran", 33826, aliases = {"Mura"}, } m["sai-nad"] = { "Nadahup", 1856439, aliases = {"Makú", "Macú", "Vaupés-Japurá"}, } m["sai-nje"] = { "Northern Jê", 98078225, "sai-cer", aliases = {"Core Jê"}, } m["sai-nmk"] = { "Nambikwaran", 15548027, aliases = {"Nambicuaran", "Nambiquaran", "Nambikuaran"}, } m["sai-otm"] = { "Otomacoan", 3217503, aliases = {"Otomákoan", "Otomakoan"}, } m["sai-pan"] = { "Panoan", 1544537, "sai-pat", aliases = {"Pano"}, } m["sai-pat"] = { "Pano-Tacanan", 2475746, aliases = {"Pano-Tacana", "Pano-Takana", "Páno-Takána", "Pano-Takánan"}, } m["sai-pek"] = { "Pekodian", 107451736, "sai-car", aliases = {"South Amazonian Carib", "Southern Cariban", "Pekodi"}, } m["sai-pem"] = { "Pemongan", nil, "sai-ven", aliases = {"Pemong", "Pemóng", "Purukoto"}, } m["sai-pey"] = { "Peba-Yaguan", 174015, aliases = {"Peba-Yagua", "Yaguan", "Peban", "Yáwan"}, } m["sai-prk"] = { "Parukotoan", 107451482, "sai-car", aliases = {"Parukoto"}, } m["sai-sje"] = { "Southern Jê", 98078245, "sai-jee", } m["sai-tac"] = { "Tacanan", 3113762, "sai-pat", } m["sai-tar"] = { "Taranoan", 105097814, "sai-gui", aliases = {"Trio", "Tarano"}, } m["sai-tuc"] = { "Tucanoan", 788144, } m["sai-tyu"] = { "Ticuna-Yuri", 4467010, } m["sai-ucp"] = { "Uru-Chipaya", 2475488, aliases = {"Uru-Chipayan"}, } m["sai-ven"] = { "Venezuelan Cariban", nil, "sai-car", aliases = {"Venezuelan Carib", "Venezuelan", "Venezuelano"}, } m["sai-wic"] = { "Wichí", 3027047, } m["sai-wit"] = { "Witotoan", 43079317, aliases = {"Huitotoan", "Uitotoan"}, } m["sai-ynm"] = { "Yanomami", nil, aliases = {"Yanomam", "Shamatari", "Yamomami", "Yanomaman"}, } m["sai-yuk"] = { "Yukpan", nil, "sai-car", aliases = {"Yukpa", "Yukpano", "Yukpa-Japreria"}, } m["sai-zam"] = { "Zamucoan", 3048461, aliases = {"Samúkoan"}, } m["sai-zap"] = { "Zaparoan", 33911, aliases = {"Záparoan", "Saparoan", "Sáparoan", "Záparo", "Zaparoano", "Zaparoana"}, } m["sal"] = { "Salish", 33985, } m["sdv"] = { "Eastern Sudanic", 2036148, "ssa", } m["sdv-bri"] = { "Bari", nil, "sdv-nie", } m["sdv-daj"] = { "Daju", 956724, "sdv", } m["sdv-dnu"] = { "Dinka-Nuer", nil, "sdv-niw", } m["sdv-eje"] = { "Eastern Jebel", 3408878, "sdv", } m["sdv-kln"] = { "Kalenjin", 637228, "sdv-nis", } m["sdv-lma"] = { "Lotuko-Maa", nil, "sdv-nie", } m["sdv-lon"] = { "Northern Luo", nil, "sdv-luo", } m["sdv-los"] = { "Southern Luo", 7570103, "sdv-luo", } m["sdv-luo"] = { "Luo", nil, "sdv-niw", } m["sdv-nes"] = { "Northern Eastern Sudanic", 4810496, "sdv", aliases = {"Astaboran", "Ek Sudanic"}, } m["sdv-nie"] = { "Eastern Nilotic", 153795, "sdv-nil", } m["sdv-nil"] = { "Nilotic", 513408, "sdv", } m["sdv-nis"] = { "Southern Nilotic", 1552410, "sdv-nil", } m["sdv-niw"] = { "Western Nilotic", 3114989, "sdv-nil", } m["sdv-nma"] = { "Nandi-Markweta", nil, "sdv-kln", } m["sdv-nyi"] = { "Nyima", 11688746, "sdv-nes", aliases = {"Nyimang"}, } m["sdv-tmn"] = { "Taman", 3408873, "sdv-nes", aliases = {"Tamaic"}, } m["sdv-ttu"] = { "Teso-Turkana", 7705551, "sdv-nie", aliases = {"Ateker"}, } m["sel"] = { "Selkup", 34008, "syd", } m["sem"] = { "เซมิติก", 34049, "afa", aliases = {"Semitic"}, } m["sem-ara"] = { "แอราเมอิก", 28602, "sem-nwe", aliases = {"Aramaic"}, protoLanguage = "arc", } m["sem-arb"] = { "อารบิก", 164667, "sem-cen", aliases = {"อาหรับ", "อาระบิก", "Arabic"}, protoLanguage = "ar", } m["sem-are"] = { "แอราเมอิกตะวันออก", 3410322, "sem-ara", aliases = {"Eastern Aramaic"}, } m["sem-arw"] = { "แอราเมอิกตะวันตก", 3394214, "sem-ara", aliases = {"Western Aramaic"}, } m["sem-ase"] = { "แอราเมอิกตะวันออกเฉียงใต้", 3410322, "sem-are", aliases = {"Southeastern Aramaic"}, } m["sem-can"] = { "Canaanite", 747547, "sem-nwe", } m["sem-cen"] = { "เซมิติกตอนกลาง", 3433228, "sem-wes", aliases = {"Central Semitic"}, } m["sem-cna"] = { "Central Neo-Aramaic", 3410322, "sem-are", } m["sem-eas"] = { "เซมิติกตะวันออก", 164273, "sem", aliases = {"East Semitic"}, } m["sem-eth"] = { "Ethiopian Semitic", 163629, "sem-wes", aliases = {"Afro-Semitic", "Ethiopian", "Ethiopic", "Ethiosemitic"}, } m["sem-nna"] = { "Northeastern Neo-Aramaic", 2560578, "sem-are", } m["sem-nwe"] = { "เซมิติกตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือ", 162996, "sem-cen", aliases = {"Northwest Semitic"}, } m["sem-osa"] = { "Old South Arabian", 35025, "sem-cen", aliases = {"Epigraphic South Arabian", "Sayhadic"}, } m["sem-sar"] = { "Modern South Arabian", 1981908, "sem-wes", } m["sem-wes"] = { "เซมิติกตะวันตก", 124901, "sem", aliases = {"West Semitic"}, } m["sgn"] = { "มือ", 34228, "qfa-not", aliases = {"sign"}, } m["sgn-fsl"] = { "French Sign Languages", 5501921, "sgn", } m["sgn-gsl"] = { "German Sign Languages", 5551235, "sgn", } m["sgn-jsl"] = { "Japanese Sign Languages", 11722508, "sgn", } m["sio"] = { "Siouan", 34181, "nai-sca", } m["sio-dhe"] = { "Dhegihan", 3217420, "sio-msv", } m["sio-dkt"] = { "Dakotan", 4154122, "sio-msv", } m["sio-mor"] = { "Missouri River Siouan", 26807266, "sio", } m["sio-msv"] = { "Mississippi Valley Siouan", 12637104, "sio", } m["sio-ohv"] = { "Ohio Valley Siouan", 21070931, "sio", } m["sit"] = { "ซิโน-ทิเบตัน", 45961, aliases = {"จีน-ทิเบต", "Sino-Tibetan", "Trans-Himalayan"}, } m["sit-aao"] = { "Central Naga", 615474, "sit", } m["sit-alm"] = { "Almora", nil, "sit-whm", } m["sit-bai"] = { "ไป๋", 35103, "sit-mba", aliases = {"Bai"}, } m["sit-bdi"] = { "Bodish", 1814078, "sit", } m["sit-cln"] = { "Cai-Long", 107182612, "sit-mba", aliases = {"Ta-Li"}, } m["sit-dhi"] = { "Dhimalish", 1207648, "sit", } m["sit-ebo"] = { "East Bodish", 56402, "sit-bdi", } m["sit-egy"] = { "East rGyalrongic", 832026, "sit-rgy", } m["sit-ers"] = { "Ersuic", 56335, "sit", } m["sit-gma"] = { "Greater Magaric", 55612963, "sit", } m["sit-gsi"] = { "Greater Siangic", 52698851, "sit", } m["sit-hrs"] = { "Hrusish", 1632501, "sit", aliases = {"Southeast Kamengic"}, } m["sit-jnp"] = { "Jingphoic", nil, "sit-jpl", aliases = {"Jingpho"}, } m["sit-jpl"] = { "กะชีน-ลูอิก", 1515454, "tbq-bkj", aliases = {"จิ่งเผาะ-ลูอิช", "กะชีนิก", "Jingpho-Luish", "Jingpho-Asakian", "Kachinic"}, } m["sit-kch"] = { "Konyak-Chang", nil, "sit-kon", } m["sit-kha"] = { "Kham", 33305, "sit-gma", } m["sit-khb"] = { "Kho-Bwa", 6401917, "sit", aliases = {"Bugunish", "Kamengic"}, } m["sit-khw"] = { "Western Kho-Bwa", nil, "sit-khb", } m["sit-khc"] = { "Chug-Lish", nil, "sit-khw", aliases = {"Duhumbi-Khispi"}, } m["sit-khm"] = { "Mey-Sartang", nil, "sit-khw", aliases = {"Sartang-Sherdukpen"}, } m["sit-kic"] = { "Central Kiranti", nil, "sit-kir", } m["sit-kie"] = { "Eastern Kiranti", nil, "sit-kir", } m["sit-kin"] = { "Kinnauric", nil, "sit-whm", aliases = {"Kinnauri"}, } m["sit-kir"] = { "Kiranti", 922148, "sit", } m["sit-kiw"] = { "Western Kiranti", 922148, "sit-kir", } m["sit-kon"] = { "Konyak", 774590, "tbq-bkj", aliases = {"Konyakian", "Northern Naga"}, } m["sit-kyk"] = { "Kyirong-Kagate", 6450957, "sit-tib", } m["sit-lab"] = { "Ladakhi-Balti", 6450957, "sit-tib", } m["sit-las"] = { "Lahuli-Spiti", 6473510, "sit-tib", } m["sit-luu"] = { "ลูอิช", 55621439, "sit-jpl", aliases = {"Luish", "Asakian", "Sak"}, } m["sit-mar"] = { "Maringic", nil, "sit-tma", } m["sit-mba"] = { "แมโคร-ไป๋", 16963847, "sit-sba", aliases = {"Macro-Bai", "Greater Bai"}, } m["sit-mdz"] = { "Midzu", 6843504, "sit", aliases = {"Geman", "Midzuish", "Miju-Meyor", "Southern Mishmi"}, } m["sit-mnz"] = { "Mondzish", 6898839, "tbq-lob", aliases = {"Mangish"}, } m["sit-mru"] = { "Mruic", 16908870, "sit", aliases = {"Mru-Hkongso"}, } m["sit-nas"] = { "Naish", 25047956, "sit-nax", } m["sit-nax"] = { "Naic", 6982999, "tbq-buq", aliases = {"Naxish"}, } m["sit-nba"] = { "ไป๋เหนือ", 122463830, "sit-bai", aliases = {"Northern Bai"}, } m["sit-new"] = { "Newaric", 55625069, "sit", } m["sit-nng"] = { "Nungish", 1515482, "sit", aliases = {"Nung"}, } m["sit-qia"] = { "Qiangic", 1636765, "tbq-buq", } m["sit-rgy"] = { "Rgyalrongic", 56936, "sit-qia", aliases = {"Jiarongic"}, } m["sit-sba"] = { "ซิโน-ไป๋", nil, "sit", aliases = {"Sino-Bai", "Greater Bai"}, } m["sit-tam"] = { "Tamangic", 3309439, "sit", aliases = {"West Bodish"}, } m["sit-tan"] = { "Tani", 3217538, "sit", } m["sit-tib"] = { "Tibetic", 1641150, "sit-bdi", protoLanguage = "otb", } m["sit-tja"] = { "Tujia", nil, "sit", } m["sit-tma"] = { "Tangkhul-Maring", nil, "sit", } m["sit-tng"] = { "Tangkhulic", 1516657, "sit-tma", aliases = {"Tangkhul"}, } m["sit-tno"] = { "Tangsa-Nocte", nil, "sit-kon", } m["sit-tsk"] = { "Tshangla", nil, "sit", } m["sit-wgy"] = { "West rGyalrongic", nil, "sit-rgy" } m["sit-whm"] = { "West Himalayish", 2301695, "sit", } m["sit-zem"] = { "Zeme", 189291, "sit", aliases = {"Zeliangrong", "Zemeic"}, } m["sla"] = { "สลาวิก", 23526, "ine-bsl", aliases = {"สลาวอนิก", "Slavic", "Slavonic"}, } m["smi"] = { "ซามิก", 56463, "urj", aliases = {"ซามี", "Sami", "Saami", "Samic", "Saamic"}, } m["son"] = { "Songhay", 505198, "ssa", aliases = {"Songhai"}, } m["sqj"] = { "แอลเบเนียน", 8748, "ine", aliases = {"Albanian"}, } m["ssa"] = { "Nilo-Saharan", -- possibly not a genetic grouping 33705, } m["ssa-fur"] = { "Fur", 2989512, "ssa", } m["ssa-klk"] = { "Kuliak", 1791476, "ssa", aliases = {"Rub"}, } m["ssa-kom"] = { "Koman", 1781084, "ssa", } m["ssa-sah"] = { "Saharan", 1757661, "ssa", } m["syd"] = { "Samoyedic", 34005, "urj", aliases = {"Samoyed", "Samodeic"}, } m["syd-ene"] = { "Enets", 29942, "syd", } m["tai"] = { "ไท", 749720, "qfa-bet", aliases = {"ไต", "Tai", "Daic"}, } m["tai-wen"] = { "เหวินหม่า-ไทตะวันตกเฉียงใต้", nil, "tai", aliases = {"Wenma-Southwestern Tai"}, } m["tai-tay"] = { "ตั่ย", nil, "tai-wen", aliases = {"Tày"}, } m["tai-sap"] = { "ซาปา-ไทตะวันตกเฉียงใต้", nil, "tai-wen", aliases = {"ซาปา-ไทย", "Sapa-Southwestern Tai", "Sapa-Thai"}, } m["tai-swe"] = { "ไทตะวันตกเฉียงใต้", 10889250, "tai-sap", aliases = {"Southwestern Tai"}, } m["tai-cho"] = { "ไทฉงจั่ว", 13216, "tai", aliases = {"Chongzuo Tai"}, } m["tai-cen"] = { "ไทตอนกลาง", 5061891, "tai", aliases = {"Central Tai"}, } m["tai-nor"] = { "ไทเหนือ", 7059014, "tai", aliases = {"Northern Tai"}, } m["tbq"] = { "ทิเบโต-เบอร์มัน", 34064, "sit", aliases = {"ทิเบต-พม่า", "Tibeto-Burman"}, } m["tbq-anp"] = { "Angami-Pochuri", 530460, "sit", } m["tbq-axi"] = { "Axioid", nil, "tbq-sel", } m["tbq-bdg"] = { "โบโด-กาโร", 4090000, "tbq-bkj", aliases = {"Bodo-Garo"}, } m["tbq-bis"] = { "บีซอยด์", 48844742, "tbq-slo", aliases = {"Bisoid"}, } m["tbq-bka"] = { "Bi-Ka", 12627890, "tbq-slo", } m["tbq-bkj"] = { "ซัล", 889900, "sit", -- Brahmaputran appears to be Glottolog's term aliases = {"Sal", "Bodo-Konyak-Jinghpaw", "Brahmaputran", "Jingpho-Konyak-Bodo"}, } m["tbq-brm"] = { "เบอร์มิช", 865713, "tbq-lob", aliases = {"พม่า", "Burmish"}, } m["tbq-buq"] = { "เบอร์โม-เชียงอิก", 16056278, "sit", aliases = {"พม่า-เชียง", "ทิเบโต-เบอร์มัน‎ตะวันออก", "ทิเบต-พม่า‎ตะวันออก", "Burmo-Qiangic", "Eastern Tibeto-Burman"}, } m["tbq-drp"] = { "Downriver Phula", 7188378, "tbq-rph", } m["tbq-han"] = { "Hanoid", 17004185, "tbq-slo", } m["tbq-hph"] = { "Highland Phula", nil, "tbq-sel", } m["tbq-jin"] = { "Jino", 6202716, "tbq-slo", } m["tbq-kzh"] = { "Kazhuoish", 48834669, "tbq-lol", } m["tbq-kuk"] = { "Kuki-Chin", 832413, "sit", aliases = {"Kukish", "South-Central Tibeto-Burman"}, } m["tbq-lal"] = { "Lalo", 56548, "tbq-lso", } m["tbq-lho"] = { "Lahoish", nil, "tbq-lol", } m["tbq-llo"] = { "Lipo-Lolopo", nil, "tbq-lso", } m["tbq-lob"] = { "โลโล-เบอร์มีซ", 1635712, "tbq-buq", aliases = {"โลโล-พม่า", "Lolo-Burmese"}, } m["tbq-lol"] = { "โลโลอิช", 37035, "tbq-lob", aliases = {"โลโล", "Loloish", "Yi", "Ngwi", "Nisoic"}, } m["tbq-lso"] = { "Lisoish", 6559055, "tbq-lol", } m["tbq-lwo"] = { "Lawoish", 48847673, "tbq-lol", } m["tbq-muj"] = { "Muji", 11221327, "tbq-hph", } m["tbq-nas"] = { "Nasoid", nil, "tbq-nlo", } m["tbq-nis"] = { "Nisu", 56404, "tbq-nlo", } m["tbq-nlo"] = { "โลโลอิชเหนือ", 7058676, "tbq-nso", aliases = {"Northern Loloish"}, } m["tbq-nso"] = { "Nisoish", 56990, "tbq-lol", } m["tbq-nus"] = { "Nusoish", 114245231, "tbq-lol", } m["tbq-phw"] = { "Phowa", 7187959, "tbq-hph", } m["tbq-rph"] = { "Riverine Phula", nil, "tbq-sel", } m["tbq-sel"] = { "โลโลอิชตะวันออกเฉียงใต้", 16111894, "tbq-nso", aliases = {"Southeastern Loloish"}, } m["tbq-sil"] = { "Siloid", 60787071, "tbq-slo", } m["tbq-slo"] = { "โลโลอิชใต้", 5649340, "tbq-lol", aliases = {"Southern Loloish"}, } m["tbq-tal"] = { "Taloid", 48804018, "tbq-lso", } m["tbq-urp"] = { "Upriver Phula", 7187058, "tbq-rph", } m["trk"] = { "เตอร์กิก", 34090, aliases = {"Turkic"}, } m["trk-cmn"] = { "Common Turkic", 1126028, "trk", aliases = {"Shaz Turkic", "Shaz-Turkic"}, } m["trk-kar"] = { "การ์ลุก", 703173, "trk-cmn", aliases = {"คาร์ลุก", "เตอร์กิกตะวันออกเฉียงใต้", "Karluk", "Qarluq", "Uyghur-Uzbek", "Southeastern Turkic"}, } m["trk-kbu"] = { "คิปชาก-โบลการ์", 3512539, "trk-kip", aliases = {"Kipchak-Bulgar", "Uralian", "Uralo-Caspian"}, } m["trk-kcu"] = { "คิปชาก-คูมาน", 4370412, "trk-kip", aliases = {"Kipchak-Cuman", "Ponto-Caspian"}, } m["trk-kip"] = { "คิปชาก", 1339898, "trk-cmn", -- Russian Wikipedia article [[w:ru:Западнотюркские_языки]] says "Western Turkic" is used by N.A. Baskakov and includes Oghuz, Kipchak and Karluk. -- Azerbaijani Wikipedia article [[w:az:Qərbi_türk_dilləri]] clarifies that "Western Turkic" is not a clade. other_names = {"เตอร์กิกตะวันตก", "Western Turkic"}, aliases = {"เตอร์กิกตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือ", "เตอร์กิกตะวันตก", "Kipchak", "Kypchak", "Qypchaq", "Northwestern Turkic", "Western Turkic"}, protoLanguage = "qwm", } m["trk-kkp"] = { "คีร์กีซ-คิปชาก", 4221189, "trk-kip", aliases = {"Kyrgyz-Kipchak"}, } m["trk-kno"] = { "คิปชาก-โนกาย", 4326954, "trk-kip", aliases = {"Kipchak-Nogai", "Aralo-Caspian"}, } m["trk-nsb"] = { "ไซบีเรียนเตอร์กิกเหนือ", 4537269, "trk-sib", aliases = {"North Siberian Turkic", "Northern Siberian Turkic"}, } m["trk-ogr"] = { "โอคูร์", 1422731, "trk", aliases = {"Oghur", "Lir-Turkic", "r-Turkic"}, } m["trk-ogz"] = { "โอคุซ", 494600, "trk-cmn", aliases = {"เตอร์กิกตะวันตกเฉียงใต้", "Oghuz", "Southwestern Turkic"}, } m["trk-sib"] = { "ไซบีเรียนเตอร์กิก", 354353, "trk-cmn", other_names = {"เตอร์กิกเหนือ", "Northern Turkic"}, -- per [[w:ru:Восточнотюркские_языки]], "Eastern Turkic" is an alias for Siberian Turkic in the work of O.A. Mudrak, -- but has a different non-clade meaning in the older work of N.A. Baskakov. aliases = {"เตอร์กิกตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ", "Siberian Turkic", "Northeastern Turkic"}, } m["trk-ssb"] = { "ไซบีเรียนเตอร์กิกใต้", nil, "trk-sib", aliases = {"South Siberian Turkic", "Southern Siberian Turkic"}, } m["tup"] = { "ตูเปียน", 34070, aliases = {"ตูปี", "Tupian", "Tupi"}, } m["tup-gua"] = { "ตูปี-กัวรานี", 148610, "tup", aliases = {"Tupi-Guarani", "Tupí-Guaraní"}, } m["tuw"] = { "Tungusic", 34230, aliases = {"Manchu-Tungus", "Tungus"}, } m["tuw-ewe"] = { "Ewenic", 105889448, "tuw", aliases = {"Northern Tungusic"}, } m["tuw-jrc"] = { "จูร์เชนิก", 105889432, "tuw", aliases = {"แมนจูริก", "Jurchenic", "Manchuric"}, } m["tuw-nan"] = { "Nanaic", 105889264, "tuw", } m["tuw-udg"] = { "Udegheic", 105889266, "tuw", } m["urj"] = { "ยูราลิก", 34113, aliases = {"Uralic"}, varieties = {"ฟินโน-ยูกริก", "Finno-Ugric"}, } m["urj-fin"] = { "ฟินนิก", 33328, "urj", aliases = {"บอลติก-ฟินนิก", "บอลโต-ฟินนิก", "เฟนนิก", "Finnic", "Baltic-Finnic", "Balto-Finnic", "Fennic"}, } m["urj-mdv"] = { "Mordvinic", 627313, "urj", } m["urj-prm"] = { "เปอร์มิก", 161493, "urj", aliases = {"Permic"}, } m["urj-ugr"] = { "ยูกริก", 156631, "urj", aliases = {"Ugric"}, } m["wak"] = { "Wakashan", 60069, } m["wen"] = { "ซอร์เบียน", 25442, "zlw", aliases = {"Sorbian", "Lusatian", "Wendish"}, } m["xgn"] = { "มองโกลิก", 33750, "qfa-xgs", aliases = {"มองโกเลียน", "Mongolic", "Mongolian"}, } m["xgn-cen"] = { "มองโกลิกตอนกลาง", 28719447, "xgn", aliases = {"Central Mongolic"}, protoLanguage = "xng-lat", } m["xgn-sou"] = { "มองโกลิกใต้", nil, "xgn", aliases = {"Southern Mongolic"}, protoLanguage = "xng-ear", } m["xgn-shr"] = { "Shirongolic", 107539435, "xgn-sou", } m["xme"] = { "Median", nil, "ira-mpr", protoLanguage = "xme-old", } m["xme-ttc"] = { "Tatic", nil, "xme", } m["xnd"] = { "Na-Dene", 26986, "qfa-dny", aliases = {"Na-Dené"}, } m["xsc"] = { "Scythian", nil, "ira-nei", } m["xsc-sak"] = { "Saka", nil, "xsc-skw", aliases = {"Sakan"}, } m["xsc-sar"] = { "Sarmatian", nil, "xsc", } m["xsc-skw"] = { "Saka-Wakhi", nil, "xsc", } m["yok"] = { "Yokuts", 34249, "nai-you", aliases = {"Yokutsan", "Mariposan", "Mariposa"}, } m["ypk"] = { "Yupik", 27970, "esx-esk", aliases = {"Yup'ik", "Yuit"}, } m["yrk"] = { "Nenets", 36452, "syd", } m["zhx"] = { "ซินิติก", 33857, "sit-sba", aliases = {"จีน", "Sinitic", "Chinese"}, protoLanguage = "och", } m["zhx-com"] = { "หมิ่นชายฝั่ง", 20667215, "zhx-min", aliases = {"Coastal Min"}, } m["zhx-inm"] = { "Inland Min", 20667237, "zhx-min", } m["zhx-man"] = { "แมนดารินิก", nil, "zhx", aliases = {"Mandarinic"}, protoLanguage = "cmn-ear", } m["zhx-min"] = { "หมิ่น", 56504, "zhx", aliases = {"Min"}, } m["zhx-nan"] = { "หมิ่นใต้", 36495, "zhx-com", aliases = {"Southern Min"}, } m["zhx-pin"] = { "Pinghua", 2735715, "zhx", protoLanguage = "ltc", } m["zhx-yue"] = { "Yue", 7033959, "zhx", protoLanguage = "ltc", } m["zle"] = { "สลาวิกตะวันออก", 144713, "sla", aliases = {"East Slavic"}, } m["zls"] = { "สลาวิกใต้", 146665, "sla", aliases = {"South Slavic"}, } m["zlw"] = { "สลาวิกตะวันตก", 145852, "sla", aliases = {"West Slavic"}, } m["zlw-lch"] = { "เลคิติก", 742782, "zlw", aliases = {"Lechitic", "Lekhitic"}, } m["zlw-pom"] = { "Pomeranian", nil, "zlw-lch", } m["znd"] = { "Zande", 8066072, "nic-ubg", } return require("Module:languages").finalizeData(m, "family") f4e1z8ghag002fyur6ufql7vteniwlh ส้น 0 37604 5753727 1884020 2026-08-02T07:59:58Z Jamnanja 16523 /* คำนาม */ 5753727 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also/auto}} == ภาษาไทย == === รากศัพท์ === {{inh+|th|tai-pro|*sɤnꟲ}}; ร่วมเชื้อสายกับ{{cog|lo|ສົ້ນ}}, {{cog|shn|သူၼ်ႈ}}, {{cog|phk|ꩬုꩫ်}}, {{cog|aho|*𑜏𑜤𑜃𑜫}}, {{cog|zzj|soenj/swnj}}, {{cog|za|saenj}} === การออกเสียง === {{th-pron|ซ่น}} === คำนาม === {{th-noun}} # [[ส่วน]][[ท้าย]][[ของ]][[เท้า]], [[เรียก]][[เต็ม]][[ว่า]][[ส้นเท้า]] #: {{ux|th|อย่าเดินลงส้น}} #: {{ux|th|รองเท้ากัดส้น}} #: {{synonyms|th|ปราษณี|ปัณหิ|ปารษณี|ส้นตีน}} # ส่วนท้ายของ[[บาง]][[สิ่ง]]บาง[[อย่าง]] #: {{ux|th|ส้นปืน}} 9em9tpf2k0nsmpjgs3frbn2bv87qn93 ผู้ใช้:Hym411 2 43408 5753687 2195806 2026-08-02T00:43:31Z Pathoschild 544 global user pages ([[m:Synchbot|requested by Hym411]]) 5753687 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[User:Revi C.]] 88g0cv17whfgb1wkeh281mptujwtlut คุยกับผู้ใช้:Hym411 3 43409 5753688 2195807 2026-08-02T01:12:48Z Pathoschild 544 global user pages ([[m:Synchbot|requested by Hym411]]) 5753688 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[User talk:Revi C.]] o9z79lcc9a9pfmqmrod5w3eyk4q9i0o โปรย 0 43737 5753730 2693093 2026-08-02T08:21:01Z Jamnanja 16523 /* คำกริยา */ 5753730 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาไทย == === รากศัพท์ === เทียบ{{cog|ltc|-}} {{ltc-l|播}} === การออกเสียง === {{th-pron|โปฺรย}} === คำกริยา === {{th-verb}} # {{lb|th|อกรรม}} [[ตก]][[ลง]][[มา]][[เป็น]][[เม็ด]] ๆ [[กระจาย]][[ทั่วไป]] #: {{ux|th|ฝน'''โปรย'''}} # {{lb|th|สกรรม}} [[ทำ]][[ให้]]ตกลงมา[[ด้วย]][[อาการ]][[คล้ายคลึง]][[เช่น]][[นั้น]] #: {{ux|th|'''โปรย'''ข้าวตอกดอกไม้}} ==== คำพ้องความ ==== {{col|th|บรรลาย|โผย|อาสิญจน์}} s27cqlqobzw8vq98f92p5nq8h6feae7 นิสัย 0 44086 5753683 1898653 2026-08-01T18:43:34Z Alifshinobi 397 /* คำนาม */ 5753683 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาไทย == === รูปแบบอื่น === * {{alt|th|นิสสัย|นิษัย||เลิกใช้}} === รากศัพท์ === {{bor+|th|pi|นิสฺสย||ที่อาศัย}} === การออกเสียง === {{th-pron|นิ-ไส}} === คำนาม === {{th-noun}} # [[ความประพฤติ]][[ที่]][[เคยชิน]] #: {{ux|th|ทำจนเป็น'''นิสัย'''}} # [[ที่พึ่ง]], ที่[[พักพิง]], ที่[[อาศัย]] #: {{ux|th|ขอ'''นิสัย'''ในการอุปสมบท}} === คำกริยา === {{th-verb|-}} # {{lb|th|ปาก|สแลง}} นิสัย[[ไม่]][[ดี]] #: {{ux|th|กินแล้วก็ไม่ช่วยเก็บช่วยล้าง นิสัย}} ==== อ้างอิง ==== * {{พคม|2|67}} ssm9cuw3wf5a7cxwf459twdpz2nyfr1 วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่อกลุ่มภาษา 4 50457 5753672 1630641 2026-08-01T16:14:18Z OctraBot 3198 5753672 wikitext text/x-wiki == รหัสปกติ == {{#invoke:list of families|show|three-letter code|with_stats=1}} == รหัสยกเว้น == {{#invoke:list of families|show|exceptional|with_stats=1}} == รหัสพิเศษ == รหัสเหล่านี้ไม่ใช่กลุ่มภาษา แต่สามารถนำมาใช้ได้ในบางกรณี {{#invoke:list of families|show|special|with_stats=1}} [[หมวดหมู่:กลุ่มภาษาทั้งหมด]] bttsky7u7mb8kt3c7tyiz5dwa4hytr5 5753673 5753672 2026-08-01T16:16:18Z OctraBot 3198 /* */ 5753673 wikitext text/x-wiki {{shortcut|WT:FAMLIST|WT:LOF|WT:LF}} {{main|วิกิพจนานุกรม:กลุ่มภาษา}} หน้านี้แสดงรายการรหัสกลุ่มภาษาทั้งหมดที่วิกิพจนานุกรมรู้จัก เนื้อหาในหน้านี้สร้างขึ้นโดยตรงจาก [[มอดูล:families]] และการเปลี่ยนแปลงใด ๆ ในมอดูลนั้นจะสะท้อนให้เห็นในหน้านี้โดยอัตโนมัติ เมื่อซอฟต์แวร์รีเฟรชแล้ว หากต้องการค้นหารหัสกลุ่มภาษาอย่างรวดเร็ว ให้เพิ่มรหัสลงใน URL ของคุณเป็นลิงก์ส่วน ตัวอย่างเช่น [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่อกลุ่มภาษา#gmw]] จะเชื่อมโยงไปยังกลุ่มภาษาเจอร์แมนิกตะวันตกโดยตรง ดูเพิ่มเติมที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่อภาษา]] และ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]] หากคุณกำลังใช้งานบอตหรือเครื่องมืออัตโนมัติอื่น ๆ ที่ต้องการเข้าถึงข้อมูลวิกิพจนานุกรม ดูที่ [[มอดูล:JSON data]] == รหัสปกติ == {{#invoke:list of families|show|three-letter code|with_stats=1}} == รหัสยกเว้น == {{#invoke:list of families|show|exceptional|with_stats=1}} == รหัสพิเศษ == รหัสเหล่านี้ไม่ใช่กลุ่มภาษา แต่สามารถนำมาใช้ได้ในบางกรณี {{#invoke:list of families|show|special|with_stats=1}} [[หมวดหมู่:กลุ่มภาษาทั้งหมด]] g8sh9bbu0925q08uajvbaoc00dy2nkg วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร 4 50459 5753668 275285 2026-08-01T16:10:12Z OctraBot 3198 5753668 wikitext text/x-wiki {{shortcut|WT:SCLIST|WT:LOS}} {{main|วิกิพจนานุกรม:อักษร}} หน้านี้แสดงรายการรหัสอักษรทั้งหมดที่วิกิพจนานุกรมรู้จัก เนื้อหาในหน้านี้สร้างขึ้นโดยตรงจาก [[มอดูล:scripts/data]] และการเปลี่ยนแปลงใด ๆ ในมอดูลนั้นจะสะท้อนให้เห็นในหน้านี้โดยอัตโนมัติ เมื่อซอฟต์แวร์รีเฟรชแล้ว หากต้องการค้นหารหัสอักษรอย่างรวดเร็ว ให้เพิ่มรหัสลงใน URL ของคุณเป็นลิงก์ส่วน ตัวอย่างเช่น [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร#Latn]] จะเชื่อมโยงไปยังอักษรละตินโดยตรง ดูเพิ่มเติมที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่อภาษา]] และ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่อกลุ่มภาษา]] หากคุณกำลังใช้งานบอตหรือเครื่องมืออัตโนมัติอื่น ๆ ที่ต้องการเข้าถึงข้อมูลวิกิพจนานุกรม ดูที่ [[มอดูล:JSON data]] == อักษรทั้งหมด == {{#invoke:list of scripts|show|with_stats=1}} [[หมวดหมู่:อักษรทั้งหมด]] 5pz7otvdsc1p5ce1rslmf6n9wwcnoja แม่แบบ:vi-etym-sino 10 145757 5753712 5685838 2026-08-02T02:38:44Z OctraBot 3198 แก้ ซีโน > ซิโน 5753712 wikitext text/x-wiki <!-- -->{{#if:{{{hv|}}}{{{nat|}}}{{{preMC|}}}<!-- -->|<!-- --><span class="explain" title="{{#if:{{{hv|}}}|{{#if:{{{nocap|}}}|a|A}} nativised loanword, or a borrowing before Middle Chinese, or a borrowing from dialectal Chinese|{{#if:{{{nat|}}}|{{#if:{{{nocap|}}}|a|A}} nativised loanword|{{#if:{{{preMC|}}}|{{#if:{{{nocap|}}}|b|B}}orrowed before Middle Chinese|{{#if:{{{nocap|}}}|a|A}} nativised loanword, or a borrowing before Middle Chinese, or a borrowing from dialectal Chinese}}}}}}"><!-- -->การออกเสียงที่ไม่ใช่ซิโน-เวียดนามีส<!-- --></span><!-- -->ของ {{der|vi|zh|{{{1}}}|t={{{2|}}}|pos=ซิโน-เวียดนามีส: {{m|vi|tr=-|{{{3}}}}}}}<!-- -->|<!-- -->ศัพท์ซิโน-เวียดนามีส<!-- -->{{#if:{{{1|}}}<!-- -->|<!-- -->จาก <!-- -->{{#if:{{{3|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{{1|}}}{{{3|}}}{{{5|}}}|{{m|vi|tr=-|{{{1|}}}{{{3|}}}{{{5|}}}}}, ประกอบขึ้นจาก&#32;}}}}<!-- -->{{m|vi|tr=-|{{{1}}}|t={{{2|}}}}}<!-- -->}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{3|}}}<!-- -->|<!-- -->{{#if:{{{5|}}}|,&#32;|&#32;และ&#32;}}<!-- -->{{m|vi|tr=-|{{{3}}}|t={{{4|}}}}}<!-- -->}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{5|}}}<!-- -->|<!-- -->{{#if:{{{7|}}}|,|&#32;และ}}<!-- --> {{m|vi|tr=-|{{{5}}}|t={{{6|}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{7|}}}|&#32;และ {{m|vi|tr=-|{{{7}}}|t={{{8|}}}}}}}<!-- -->}}<!-- -->}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{hv|}}}{{{nat|}}}{{{preMC|}}}<!-- -->|<!-- -->|<!-- -->{{#ifexpr:{{#invoke:string/templates|len|{{{1|}}}{{{3|}}}{{{5|}}}{{{7|}}}}} > 1|{{#ifexist:{{{1|}}}{{{3|}}}{{{5|}}}{{{7|}}}||[[Category:Sino-Vietnamese words with uncreated Han etymology]]}}|}}<!-- -->}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{hv|}}}{{{nat|}}}{{{preMC|}}}<!-- -->|<!-- -->|<!-- -->{{categorize|vi|Sino-Vietnamese words}}<!-- -->}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{suffix|}}}|[[หมวดหมู่:ศัพท์ภาษาเวียดนามที่เติมอุปสรรค -{{{suffix}}}]]|}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{prefix|}}}|[[หมวดหมู่:ศัพท์ภาษาเวียดนามที่เติมปัจจัย {{{prefix}}}-]]|}}<!-- --><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> 2vn97im8i2vsdlgke0jq2j8vr2ighr6 5753714 5753712 2026-08-02T02:40:42Z OctraBot 3198 5753714 wikitext text/x-wiki <!-- -->{{#if:{{{hv|}}}{{{nat|}}}{{{preMC|}}}<!-- -->|<!-- --><span class="explain" title="{{#if:{{{hv|}}}|{{#if:{{{nocap|}}}|a|A}} nativised loanword, or a borrowing before Middle Chinese, or a borrowing from dialectal Chinese|{{#if:{{{nat|}}}|{{#if:{{{nocap|}}}|a|A}} nativised loanword|{{#if:{{{preMC|}}}|{{#if:{{{nocap|}}}|b|B}}orrowed before Middle Chinese|{{#if:{{{nocap|}}}|a|A}} nativised loanword, or a borrowing before Middle Chinese, or a borrowing from dialectal Chinese}}}}}}"><!-- -->การออกเสียงที่ไม่ใช่ซิโน-เวียดนามีส<!-- --></span><!-- -->ของ {{der|vi|zh|{{{1}}}|t={{{2|}}}|pos=ซิโน-เวียดนามีส: {{m|vi|tr=-|{{{3}}}}}}}<!-- -->|<!-- -->ศัพท์ซิโน-เวียดนามีส<!-- -->{{#if:{{{1|}}}<!-- -->|<!-- -->จาก <!-- -->{{#if:{{{3|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{{1|}}}{{{3|}}}{{{5|}}}|{{m|vi|tr=-|{{{1|}}}{{{3|}}}{{{5|}}}}}, ประกอบขึ้นจาก&#32;}}}}<!-- -->{{m|vi|tr=-|{{{1}}}|t={{{2|}}}}}<!-- -->}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{3|}}}<!-- -->|<!-- -->{{#if:{{{5|}}}|,&#32;|&#32;และ&#32;}}<!-- -->{{m|vi|tr=-|{{{3}}}|t={{{4|}}}}}<!-- -->}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{5|}}}<!-- -->|<!-- -->{{#if:{{{7|}}}|,|&#32;และ}}<!-- --> {{m|vi|tr=-|{{{5}}}|t={{{6|}}}}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{7|}}}|&#32;และ {{m|vi|tr=-|{{{7}}}|t={{{8|}}}}}}}<!-- -->}}<!-- -->}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{hv|}}}{{{nat|}}}{{{preMC|}}}<!-- -->|<!-- -->|<!-- -->{{#ifexpr:{{#invoke:string/templates|len|{{{1|}}}{{{3|}}}{{{5|}}}{{{7|}}}}} > 1|{{#ifexist:{{{1|}}}{{{3|}}}{{{5|}}}{{{7|}}}||[[Category:Sino-Vietnamese words with uncreated Han etymology]]}}|}}<!-- -->}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{hv|}}}{{{nat|}}}{{{preMC|}}}<!-- -->|<!-- -->|<!-- -->{{categorize|vi|ศัพท์ซิโน-เวียดนามีส}}<!-- -->}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{suffix|}}}|[[หมวดหมู่:ศัพท์ภาษาเวียดนามที่เติมอุปสรรค -{{{suffix}}}]]|}}<!-- -->{{#if:{{{prefix|}}}|[[หมวดหมู่:ศัพท์ภาษาเวียดนามที่เติมปัจจัย {{{prefix}}}-]]|}}<!-- --><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> lwapyfvwaq967d5y8iww8j7tm8f14xo ၸႄႈဝဵင်း 0 166522 5753680 2032046 2026-08-01T16:55:21Z Ai Ku Karng 17824 /* ภาษาไทใหญ่ */ 5753680 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาไทใหญ่ == === รากศัพท์ === {{com|shn|ၸႄႈ|ဝဵင်း}} === การออกเสียง === {{shn-pron|ၸႄႈ-ဝဵင်း|audio=shn-{{PAGENAME}}.ogg}} === คำนาม === {{shn-noun}} # [[อำเภอ]] (เขตการปกครองระดับที่สามในประเทศเมียนมาร์) deu1luk87emnx65djnukr6debwe0c0o 5753733 5753680 2026-08-02T09:43:36Z Ai Ku Karng 17824 5753733 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาไทใหญ่ == === รากศัพท์ === {{com|shn|ၸႄႈ|ဝဵင်း}} === การออกเสียง === {{shn-pron|ၸႄႈ-ဝဵင်း|audio=shn-{{PAGENAME}}.ogg}} === คำนาม === {{shn-noun}} # [[อำเภอ]] (เขตการปกครองระดับที่สามในประเทศเมียนมา) 9r4xi9po643t4dy1g3pd3tl72835kvd คราด 0 174899 5753731 1352825 2026-08-02T08:24:09Z Jamnanja 16523 /* คำนาม */ 5753731 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาไทย == === การออกเสียง === {{th-pron|คฺราด}} === รากศัพท์ 1 === เป็นไปได้ว่าเกี่ยวข้องกับ {{m|th|กวาด}} และ {{m|th|กราด}} ==== คำนาม ==== {{th-noun}} # เครื่องมือทำไร่ทำนาใช้[[วัว]]หรือ[[ควาย]]ลาก ลักษณะเป็น[[คาน]] มีซี่ห่าง ๆ กัน มีคันชักสำหรับลากขี้หญ้าและทำให้ดินที่ไถแล้วซุย, เครื่องมือสำหรับชักหรือลากขี้หญ้าหรือหยากเยื่อเป็นต้น ทำเป็นซี่ ๆ มีด้ามสำหรับจับชักหรือลากไป #: {{synonyms|th|รนด}} ==== คำกริยา ==== {{th-verb}} # ชักหรือลากขี้หญ้าเป็นต้นด้วยคราดนั้น === รากศัพท์ 2 === ==== คำนาม ==== {{th-noun}} # ชื่อไม้[[ล้มลุก]]หลายชนิดในวงศ์ Compositae ขึ้นตามที่รกร้างว่างเปล่าในที่ชื้นแฉะ เรียกกันว่า ผักคราด หรือ ผักคราดหัวแหวน เช่น ชนิด ''Acmella oleracea'' (L.) R. K. Jansen ดอกสีเหลืองทรงกรวยแหลม ขนาดเท่าปลายนิ้วก้อย ==== ดูเพิ่ม ==== * [[ผักเผ็ด]] cqsay8utn52dp080dzl9h9r6p0c0xub มอดูล:languages/code to canonical name 828 174988 5753716 5729385 2026-08-02T02:43:41Z OctraBot 3198 แก้ ซีโน > ซิโน 5753716 Scribunto text/plain return { ["aa"] = "อาฟาร์", ["aaa"] = "Ghotuo", ["aab"] = "Alumu-Tesu", ["aac"] = "Ari", ["aad"] = "Amal", ["aaf"] = "Aranadan", ["aag"] = "Ambrak", ["aah"] = "Abu'", ["aai"] = "Arifama-Miniafia", ["aak"] = "Ankave", ["aal"] = "Afade", ["aan"] = "Anambé", ["aap"] = "Arára (Pará)", ["aaq"] = "Penobscot", ["aas"] = "Aasax", ["aau"] = "Abau", ["aav-khs-pro"] = "คาเซียนดั้งเดิม", ["aav-nic-pro"] = "นิโคบารีสดั้งเดิม", ["aav-pkl-pro"] = "ปนัร-คาซี-ลึงงัมดั้งเดิม", ["aav-pro"] = "ออสโตรเอเชียติกดั้งเดิม", ["aaw"] = "Solong", ["aax"] = "Mandobo Atas", ["aaz"] = "Amarasi", ["ab"] = "อับคาเซีย", ["aba"] = "อาเบ", ["abb"] = "Bankon", ["abc"] = "Ambala Ayta", ["abd"] = "Camarines Norte Agta", ["abe"] = "Abenaki", ["abf"] = "Abai Sungai", ["abg"] = "Abaga", ["abh"] = "อาหรับแบบทาจิกิสถาน", ["abi"] = "Abidji", ["abj"] = "Aka-Bea", ["abl"] = "Abung", ["abm"] = "Abanyom", ["abn"] = "Abua", ["abo"] = "Abon", ["abp"] = "Abenlen Ayta", ["abq"] = "อาบาซา", ["abs"] = "Ambonese Malay", ["abt"] = "Ambulas", ["abu"] = "Abure", ["abv"] = "อาหรับแบบบาห์เรน", ["abw"] = "Pal", ["abx"] = "Inabaknon", ["aby"] = "Aneme Wake", ["abz"] = "Abui", ["aca"] = "Achagua", ["acb"] = "Áncá", ["acd"] = "Gikyode", ["ace"] = "อาเจะฮ์", ["ach"] = "Acholi", ["aci"] = "Aka-Cari", ["ack"] = "Aka-Kora", ["acl"] = "Akar-Bale", ["acm"] = "อาหรับแบบอิรัก", ["acn"] = "Achang", ["acp"] = "Eastern Acipa", ["acr"] = "Achi", ["acs"] = "Acroá", ["acu"] = "Achuar", ["acv"] = "Achumawi", ["acw"] = "อาหรับแบบฮิญาซ", ["acx"] = "อาหรับแบบโอมาน", ["acy"] = "อาหรับแบบไซปรัส", ["acz"] = "Acheron", ["ada"] = "Adangme", ["adb"] = "Atauran", ["add"] = "Dzodinka", ["ade"] = "Adele", ["adf"] = "Dhofari Arabic", ["adg"] = "Andegerebinha", ["adh"] = "Adhola", ["adi"] = "Adi", ["adj"] = "Adioukrou", ["adl"] = "Galo", ["adn"] = "Adang", ["ado"] = "Abu", ["adp"] = "Adap", ["adq"] = "Adangbe", ["adr"] = "Adonara", ["ads"] = "Adamorobe Sign Language", ["adt"] = "Adnyamathanha", ["adu"] = "Aduge", ["adw"] = "Amondawa", ["ady"] = "อะดีเกยา", ["adz"] = "Adzera", ["ae"] = "อเวสตะ", ["aea"] = "Areba", ["aeb"] = "อาหรับแบบตูนิเซีย", ["aed"] = "Argentine Sign Language", ["aee"] = "Northeast Pashayi", ["aek"] = "Haeke", ["ael"] = "Ambele", ["aem"] = "Arem", ["aen"] = "Armenian Sign Language", ["aeq"] = "Aer", ["aer"] = "Eastern Arrernte", ["aes"] = "Alsea", ["aeu"] = "Akeu", ["aew"] = "Ambakich", ["aey"] = "Amele", ["aez"] = "Aeka", ["af"] = "อาฟรีกานส์", ["afa-pro"] = "แอฟโฟรเอเชียติกดั้งเดิม", ["afb"] = "Gulf Arabic", ["afd"] = "Andai", ["afe"] = "Putukwam", ["afg"] = "Afghan Sign Language", ["afh"] = "Afrihili", ["afi"] = "Akrukay", ["afk"] = "Nanubae", ["afn"] = "Defaka", ["afo"] = "Eloyi", ["afp"] = "Tapei", ["afs"] = "Afro-Seminole Creole", ["aft"] = "Afitti", ["afu"] = "Awutu", ["afz"] = "Obokuitai", ["aga"] = "Aguano", ["agb"] = "Legbo", ["agc"] = "Agatu", ["agd"] = "Agarabi", ["age"] = "Angal", ["agf"] = "Arguni", ["agg"] = "Angor", ["agh"] = "Ngelima", ["agi"] = "Agariya", ["agj"] = "Argobba", ["agk"] = "Isarog Agta", ["agl"] = "Fembe", ["agm"] = "Angaataha", ["agn"] = "อากูตายา", ["ago"] = "Tainae", ["agq"] = "Aghem", ["agr"] = "Aguaruna", ["ags"] = "Esimbi", ["agt"] = "Central Cagayan Agta", ["agu"] = "Aguacateca", ["agv"] = "Remontado Agta", ["agw"] = "Kahua", ["agx"] = "Aghul", ["agy"] = "Southern Alta", ["agz"] = "Mount Iriga Agta", ["aha"] = "Ahanta", ["ahb"] = "Axamb", ["ahg"] = "Qimant", ["ahh"] = "Aghu", ["ahi"] = "Tiagba", ["ahk"] = "อาข่า", ["ahl"] = "Igo", ["ahm"] = "Mobu", ["ahn"] = "Àhàn", ["aho"] = "อาหม", ["ahp"] = "Apro", ["ahr"] = "Ahirani", ["ahs"] = "Ashe", ["aht"] = "Ahtna", ["aia"] = "Arosi", ["aib"] = "Äynu", ["aic"] = "Ainbai", ["aid"] = "Alngith", ["aie"] = "Amara", ["aif"] = "Agi", ["aig"] = "Antigua and Barbuda Creole English", ["aih"] = "Ai-Cham", ["aii"] = "อารามายาใหม่แบบอัสซีเรีย", ["aij"] = "Lishanid Noshan", ["aik"] = "Ake", ["ail"] = "Aimele", ["aim"] = "Aimol", ["ain"] = "ไอนุ", ["aio"] = "อ่ายตน", ["aip"] = "Burumakok", ["air"] = "Airoran", ["ait"] = "Arikem", ["aiw"] = "Aari", ["aix"] = "Aighon", ["aiy"] = "Ali", ["aja"] = "Aja", ["ajg"] = "Adja", ["aji"] = "Ajië", ["ajn"] = "Andajin", ["ajp"] = "อาหรับแบบลิแวนต์ใต้", ["ajw"] = "Ajawa", ["ajz"] = "Amri Karbi", ["ak"] = "อาคัน", ["akb"] = "Angkola Batak", ["akc"] = "Mpur", ["akd"] = "Ukpet-Ehom", ["ake"] = "Akawaio", ["akf"] = "Akpa", ["akg"] = "Anakalangu", ["akh"] = "Angal Heneng", ["aki"] = "Aiome", ["akj"] = "Jeru", ["akk"] = "แอกแคด", ["akl"] = "อักลัน", ["akm"] = "Aka-Bo", ["ako"] = "Akurio", ["akp"] = "Siwu", ["akq"] = "Ak", ["akr"] = "Araki", ["aks"] = "Akaselem", ["akt"] = "Akolet", ["aku"] = "Akum", ["akv"] = "Akhvakh", ["akw"] = "Akwa", ["akx"] = "Aka-Kede", ["aky"] = "Aka-Kol", ["akz"] = "แอละแบมา", ["ala"] = "Alago", ["alc"] = "Kawésqar", ["ald"] = "Alladian", ["ale"] = "Aleut", ["alf"] = "Alege", ["alg-aga"] = "Agawam", ["alg-pro"] = "แอลกองเคียนดั้งเดิม", ["alh"] = "Alawa", ["ali"] = "Amaimon", ["alj"] = "Alangan", ["alk"] = "Alak", ["all"] = "Allar", ["alm"] = "Amblong", ["alo"] = "Larike-Wakasihu", ["alp"] = "Alune", ["alq"] = "Algonquin", ["alr"] = "Alutor", ["alt"] = "อัลไตใต้", ["alu"] = "'Are'are", ["alv-ama"] = "Amasi", ["alv-bgu"] = "Baïnounk Gubëeher", ["alv-bua-pro"] = "Proto-Bua", ["alv-cng-pro"] = "Proto-Cangin", ["alv-edk-pro"] = "Proto-Edekiri", ["alv-edo-pro"] = "Proto-Edoid", ["alv-fli-pro"] = "Proto-Fali", ["alv-gbe-pro"] = "กเบดั้งเดิม", ["alv-gng-pro"] = "Proto-Guang", ["alv-gtm-pro"] = "Proto-Central Togo", ["alv-gwa"] = "Gwara", ["alv-hei-pro"] = "Proto-Heiban", ["alv-ido-pro"] = "Proto-Idomoid", ["alv-igb-pro"] = "Proto-Igboid", ["alv-kwa-pro"] = "Proto-Kwa", ["alv-mum-pro"] = "Proto-Mumuye", ["alv-nup-pro"] = "Proto-Nupoid", ["alv-pro"] = "แอตแลนติก-คองโกดั้งเดิม", ["alv-von-pro"] = "วอลตา-ไนเจอร์ดั้งเดิม", ["alv-yor-pro"] = "โยรูบาดั้งเดิม", ["alv-yrd-pro"] = "โยรูบอยด์ดั้งเดิม", ["alw"] = "Alaba", ["alx"] = "Amol", ["aly"] = "Alyawarr", ["alz"] = "Alur", ["am"] = "อัมฮารา", ["ama"] = "Amanayé", ["amb"] = "Ambo", ["amc"] = "Amahuaca", ["ame"] = "Yanesha'", ["amf"] = "Hamer-Banna", ["amg"] = "Amurdag", ["ami"] = "Amis", ["amj"] = "Amdang", ["amk"] = "Ambai", ["aml"] = "War-Jaintia", ["amm"] = "Ama", ["amn"] = "Amanab", ["amo"] = "Amo", ["amp"] = "Alamblak", ["amq"] = "Amahai", ["amr"] = "Amarakaeri", ["ams"] = "อามามิโอชิมะใต้", ["amt"] = "Amto", ["amu"] = "Guerrero Amuzgo", ["amv"] = "Ambelau", ["amw"] = "Western Neo-Aramaic", ["amx"] = "Anmatyerre", ["amy"] = "Ami", ["amz"] = "Atampaya", ["an"] = "อารากอน", ["ana"] = "Andaqui", ["anb"] = "Andoa", ["anc"] = "Ngas", ["and"] = "Ansus", ["ane"] = "คังรังชือ", ["anf"] = "Animere", ["ang"] = "อังกฤษเก่า", ["anh"] = "Nend", ["ani"] = "Andi", ["anj"] = "Anor", ["ank"] = "Goemai", ["anl"] = "Anu", ["anm"] = "Anāl", ["ann"] = "Obolo", ["ano"] = "Andoque", ["anp"] = "Angika", ["anq"] = "Jarawa", ["anr"] = "Andh", ["ans"] = "Anserma", ["ant"] = "Antakarinya", ["anu"] = "Anuak", ["anv"] = "Denya", ["anw"] = "Anaang", ["anx"] = "Andra-Hus", ["any"] = "Anyi", ["anz"] = "Anem", ["aoa"] = "Angolar", ["aob"] = "Abom", ["aoc"] = "Pemon", ["aod"] = "Andarum", ["aoe"] = "Angal Enen", ["aof"] = "Bragat", ["aog"] = "Angoram", ["aoi"] = "Anindilyakwa", ["aoj"] = "Mufian", ["aok"] = "Arhö", ["aol"] = "Alorese", ["aom"] = "Ömie", ["aon"] = "Bumbita Arapesh", ["aor"] = "Aore", ["aos"] = "Taikat", ["aot"] = "อะตง", ["aou"] = "A'ou", ["aox"] = "Atorada", ["aoz"] = "Uab Meto", ["apa-pro"] = "Proto-Apachean", ["apb"] = "Sa'a", ["apc"] = "North Levantine Arabic", ["apd"] = "อาหรับแบบซูดาน", ["ape"] = "Bukiyip", ["apf"] = "Pahanan Agta", ["apg"] = "Ampanang", ["aph"] = "Athpare", ["api"] = "Apiaká", ["apj"] = "Jicarilla", ["apk"] = "Plains Apache", ["apl"] = "Lipan", ["apm"] = "Chiricahua", ["apn"] = "Apinayé", ["apo"] = "Ambul", ["app"] = "Apma", ["apq"] = "A-Pucikwar", ["apr"] = "Arop-Lokep", ["aps"] = "Arop-Sissano", ["apt"] = "Apatani", ["apu"] = "Apurinã", ["apv"] = "Alapmunte", ["apw"] = "อะแพชีตะวันตก", ["apx"] = "Aputai", ["apy"] = "Apalaí", ["apz"] = "Safeyoka", ["aqc"] = "Archi", ["aqd"] = "Ampari Dogon", ["aqg"] = "Arigidi", ["aql-pro"] = "แอลจิกดั้งเดิม", ["aqm"] = "Atohwaim", ["aqn"] = "Northern Alta", ["aqp"] = "Atakapa", ["aqr"] = "Arhâ", ["aqt"] = "Angaité", ["aqz"] = "Akuntsu", ["ar"] = "อาหรับ", ["arc"] = "อารามายา", ["ard"] = "Arabana", ["are"] = "Western Arrernte", ["arh"] = "Arhuaco", ["ari"] = "Arikara", ["arj"] = "Arapaso", ["ark"] = "Arikapú", ["arl"] = "Arabela", ["arn"] = "Mapudungun", ["aro"] = "Araona", ["arp"] = "Arapaho", ["arq"] = "อาหรับแบบแอลจีเรีย", ["arr"] = "Arara-Karo", ["ars"] = "Najdi Arabic", ["art-adu"] = "Adûni", ["art-bel"] = "Belter Creole", ["art-blk"] = "Bolak", ["art-bsp"] = "แบล็กสปีช", ["art-com"] = "Communicationssprache", ["art-dtk"] = "Dothraki", ["art-elo"] = "Eloi", ["art-gld"] = "Goa'uld", ["art-lap"] = "Lapine", ["art-man"] = "Mandalorian", ["art-mun"] = "Mundolinco", ["art-nav"] = "Naʼvi", ["art-vlh"] = "High Valyrian", ["aru"] = "Arua", ["arv"] = "Arbore", ["arw"] = "โลโกโน", ["arx"] = "Aruá", ["ary"] = "อาหรับแบบโมร็อกโก", ["arz"] = "อาหรับแบบอียิปต์", ["as"] = "อัสสัม", ["asa"] = "Pare", ["asb"] = "Assiniboine", ["asc"] = "Casuarina Coast Asmat", ["ase"] = "มืออเมริกัน", ["asf"] = "Auslan", ["asg"] = "Cishingini", ["ash"] = "Abishira", ["asi"] = "Buruwai", ["asj"] = "Nsari", ["ask"] = "Ashkun", ["asl"] = "Asilulu", ["asn"] = "Xingú Asuriní", ["aso"] = "Dano", ["asp"] = "Algerian Sign Language", ["asq"] = "Austrian Sign Language", ["asr"] = "Asuri", ["ass"] = "Ipulo", ["ast"] = "อัสตูเรียส", ["asu"] = "Tocantins Asurini", ["asv"] = "Asoa", ["asw"] = "Australian Aboriginal Sign Language", ["asx"] = "Muratayak", ["asy"] = "Yaosakor Asmat", ["asz"] = "As", ["ata"] = "Pele-Ata", ["atb"] = "Zaiwa", ["atc"] = "Atsahuaca", ["atd"] = "Ata Manobo", ["ate"] = "Atemble", ["atg"] = "Okpela", ["ath-nic"] = "Nicola", ["ath-pro"] = "Proto-Athabaskan", ["ati"] = "Attié", ["atj"] = "Atikamekw", ["atk"] = "Ati", ["atl"] = "Mount Iraya Agta", ["atm"] = "Ata", ["ato"] = "Atong (Cameroon)", ["atp"] = "Pudtol Atta", ["atq"] = "Aralle-Tabulahan", ["atr"] = "Waimiri-Atroari", ["ats"] = "Gros Ventre", ["att"] = "Pamplona Atta", ["atu"] = "Reel", ["atv"] = "อัลไตเหนือ", ["atw"] = "Atsugewi", ["atx"] = "Arutani", ["aty"] = "อาเนตยูม", ["atz"] = "Arta", ["aua"] = "Asumboa", ["aub"] = "Alugu", ["auc"] = "Huaorani", ["aud"] = "Anuta", ["auf-pro"] = "Proto-Arawa", ["aug"] = "Aguna", ["auh"] = "Aushi", ["aui"] = "Anuki", ["auj"] = "Awjila", ["auk"] = "Heyo", ["aul"] = "Aulua", ["aum"] = "Asu", ["aun"] = "Molmo One", ["auo"] = "Auyokawa", ["aup"] = "Makayam", ["auq"] = "Anus", ["aur"] = "Aruek", ["aus-alu"] = "Alungul", ["aus-and"] = "Andjingith", ["aus-ang"] = "Angkula", ["aus-arn-pro"] = "Proto-Arnhem", ["aus-bra"] = "Barranbinya", ["aus-brm"] = "Barunggam", ["aus-cww-pro"] = "Proto-Central New South Wales", ["aus-dal-pro"] = "Proto-Daly", ["aus-guw"] = "Guwar", ["aus-lsw"] = "Little Swanport", ["aus-mbi"] = "Mbiywom", ["aus-ngk"] = "Ngkoth", ["aus-nyu-pro"] = "Proto-Nyulnyulan", ["aus-pam-pro"] = "Proto-Pama-Nyungan", ["aus-tul"] = "Tulua", ["aus-uwi"] = "Uwinymil", ["aus-wdj-pro"] = "Proto-Iwaidjan", ["aus-won"] = "Wong-gie", ["aus-wul"] = "Wulguru", ["aus-ynk"] = "Yangkaal", ["aut"] = "Austral", ["auu"] = "Auye", ["auw"] = "Awyi", ["aux"] = "Aurá", ["auy"] = "Auyana", ["auz"] = "อาหรับแบบอุซเบกิสถาน", ["av"] = "อะวาร์", ["avb"] = "Avau", ["avd"] = "Alviri-Vidari", ["avi"] = "Avikam", ["avk"] = "โคทาวา", ["avm"] = "Angkamuthi", ["avn"] = "Avatime", ["avo"] = "Agavotaguerra", ["avs"] = "Aushiri", ["avt"] = "Au", ["avu"] = "Avokaya", ["avv"] = "Avá-Canoeiro", ["awa"] = "อวัธ", ["awb"] = "Awa (New Guinea)", ["awc"] = "Cicipu", ["awd-ama"] = "Amarizana", ["awd-amc-pro"] = "Proto-Amuesha-Chamicuro", ["awd-ana"] = "Anauyá", ["awd-apo"] = "Apolista", ["awd-cab"] = "Cabre", ["awd-gnu"] = "Guinau", ["awd-kar"] = "Cariay", ["awd-kaw"] = "Kawishana", ["awd-kmp-pro"] = "Proto-Kampa", ["awd-kus"] = "Kustenau", ["awd-man"] = "Manao", ["awd-mar"] = "Marawan", ["awd-mpr"] = "Maipure", ["awd-mrt"] = "Mariaté", ["awd-nwk-pro"] = "Proto-Nawiki", ["awd-pai"] = "Paikoneka", ["awd-pas"] = "Pasé", ["awd-pro"] = "Proto-Arawak", ["awd-prw-pro"] = "Proto-Paresi-Waura", ["awd-she"] = "Shebayo", ["awd-taa-pro"] = "Proto-Ta-Arawak", ["awd-wai"] = "Wainumá", ["awd-yum"] = "Yumana", ["awe"] = "Awetí", ["awg"] = "Anguthimri", ["awh"] = "Awbono", ["awi"] = "Aekyom", ["awk"] = "Awabakal", ["awm"] = "Arawum", ["awn"] = "Awngi", ["awo"] = "Awak", ["awr"] = "Awera", ["aws"] = "South Awyu", ["awt"] = "Araweté", ["awu"] = "Central Awyu", ["awv"] = "Jair Awyu", ["aww"] = "Awun", ["awx"] = "Awara", ["awy"] = "Edera Awyu", ["axb"] = "Abipón", ["axe"] = "Ayerrerenge", ["axg"] = "Arára (Mato Grosso)", ["axk"] = "Aka (Central Africa)", ["axl"] = "Lower Southern Aranda", ["axm"] = "อาร์มีเนียกลาง", ["axx"] = "Xârâgurè", ["ay"] = "ไอย์มารา", ["aya"] = "Awar", ["ayb"] = "Ayizo", ["ayd"] = "Ayabadhu", ["aye"] = "Ayere", ["ayg"] = "Nyanga (Togo)", ["ayi"] = "Leyigha", ["ayk"] = "Akuku", ["ayl"] = "อาหรับแบบลิเบีย", ["ayn"] = "อาหรับแบบเยเมน", ["ayo"] = "Ayoreo", ["ayp"] = "อาหรับแบบเมโสโปเตเมียเหนือ", ["ayq"] = "Ayi", ["ays"] = "Sorsogon Ayta", ["ayt"] = "Bataan Ayta", ["ayu"] = "Ayu", ["ayy"] = "Tayabas Ayta", ["ayz"] = "Maybrat", ["az"] = "อาเซอร์ไบจาน", ["aza"] = "Azha", ["azc-caz"] = "Cazcan", ["azc-cup-pro"] = "Proto-Cupan", ["azc-ktn"] = "Kitanemuk", ["azc-nah-pro"] = "นาวันดั้งเดิม", ["azc-num-pro"] = "Proto-Numic", ["azc-pro"] = "ยูโต-แอซเทกันดั้งเดิม", ["azc-tak-pro"] = "Proto-Takic", ["azc-tat"] = "Tataviam", ["azd"] = "Eastern Durango Nahuatl", ["azg"] = "San Pedro Amuzgos Amuzgo", ["azm"] = "Ipalapa Amuzgo", ["azn"] = "Western Durango Nahuatl", ["azo"] = "Awing", ["azt"] = "Faire Atta", ["azz"] = "Highland Puebla Nahuatl", ["ba"] = "แบชเคียร์", ["baa"] = "Babatana", ["bab"] = "Bainouk-Gunyuño", ["bac"] = "Baduy", ["bae"] = "Baré", ["baf"] = "Nubaca", ["bag"] = "Tuki", ["bah"] = "Bahamian Creole", ["baj"] = "Barakai", ["bal"] = "บาโลจ", ["ban"] = "บาหลี", ["bao"] = "Waimaha", ["bap"] = "Bantawa", ["bar"] = "บาวาเรีย", ["bas"] = "Basaa", ["bau"] = "Badanchi", ["bav"] = "Babungo", ["baw"] = "Bambili-Bambui", ["bax"] = "Bamum", ["bay"] = "Batuley", ["bba"] = "Baatonum", ["bbb"] = "Barai", ["bbc"] = "Toba Batak", ["bbd"] = "Bau", ["bbe"] = "Bangba", ["bbf"] = "Baibai", ["bbg"] = "Barama", ["bbh"] = "Bugan", ["bbi"] = "Barombi", ["bbj"] = "Ghomala'", ["bbk"] = "Babanki", ["bbl"] = "บัตส์", ["bbm"] = "Babango", ["bbn"] = "Uneapa", ["bbo"] = "Konabéré", ["bbp"] = "West Central Banda", ["bbq"] = "Bamali", ["bbr"] = "Girawa", ["bbs"] = "Bakpinka", ["bbt"] = "Mburku", ["bbu"] = "Bakulung", ["bbv"] = "Karnai", ["bbw"] = "Baba", ["bbx"] = "Bubia", ["bby"] = "Befang", ["bca"] = "Central Bai", ["bcb"] = "Bainouk-Samik", ["bcd"] = "North Babar", ["bce"] = "Bamenyam", ["bcf"] = "Bamu", ["bcg"] = "Baga Pokur", ["bch"] = "Bariai", ["bci"] = "Baoule", ["bcj"] = "Bardi", ["bck"] = "Bunaba", ["bcl"] = "บีโคลตอนกลาง", ["bcm"] = "Banoni", ["bcn"] = "Bibaali", ["bco"] = "Kaluli", ["bcp"] = "Bali", ["bcq"] = "Bench", ["bcr"] = "Babine-Witsuwit'en", ["bcs"] = "Kohumono", ["bct"] = "Bendi", ["bcu"] = "Biliau", ["bcv"] = "Shoo-Minda-Nye", ["bcw"] = "Bana", ["bcy"] = "Bacama", ["bcz"] = "Bainouk-Gunyaamolo", ["bda"] = "Bayot", ["bdb"] = "Basap", ["bdc"] = "Emberá-Baudó", ["bdd"] = "Bunama", ["bde"] = "Bade", ["bdf"] = "Biage", ["bdg"] = "Bonggi", ["bdh"] = "Tara Baka", ["bdi"] = "Burun", ["bdj"] = "Bai (South Sudan)", ["bdk"] = "Budukh", ["bdl"] = "บาเจาแบบอินโดนีเซีย", ["bdm"] = "Buduma", ["bdn"] = "Baldemu", ["bdo"] = "Morom", ["bdp"] = "Bende", ["bdq"] = "บะห์นัร", ["bdr"] = "บาเจาแบบเวสต์โคสต์", ["bds"] = "Burunge", ["bdt"] = "Bokoto", ["bdu"] = "Oroko", ["bdv"] = "Bodo Parja", ["bdw"] = "Baham", ["bdx"] = "Budong-Budong", ["bdy"] = "Bandjalang", ["bdz"] = "Badeshi", ["be"] = "เบลารุส", ["bea"] = "Beaver", ["beb"] = "Bebele", ["bec"] = "Iceve-Maci", ["bed"] = "Bedoanas", ["bee"] = "Byangsi", ["bef"] = "Benabena", ["beg"] = "Belait", ["beh"] = "Biali", ["bei"] = "Bekati'", ["bej"] = "Beja", ["bek"] = "Bebeli", ["bem"] = "Bemba", ["beo"] = "Beami", ["bep"] = "Besoa", ["beq"] = "Beembe", ["ber-fog"] = "Fogaha", ["ber-pro"] = "เบอร์เบอร์ดั้งเดิม", ["ber-zuw"] = "Zuwara", ["bes"] = "Besme", ["bet"] = "Guiberoua Bété", ["beu"] = "บลาการ์", ["bev"] = "Daloa Bété", ["bew"] = "เบอตาวี", ["bex"] = "Jur Modo", ["bey"] = "Akuwagel", ["bez"] = "Kibena", ["bfa"] = "Bari", ["bfb"] = "Pauri Bareli", ["bfc"] = "Panyi Bai", ["bfd"] = "Bafut", ["bfe"] = "Betaf", ["bff"] = "Bofi", ["bfg"] = "Busang Kayan", ["bfh"] = "Blafe", ["bfi"] = "British Sign Language", ["bfj"] = "Bafanji", ["bfk"] = "Ban Khor Sign Language", ["bfl"] = "Banda-Ndélé", ["bfm"] = "Mmen", ["bfn"] = "Bunak", ["bfo"] = "Malba Birifor", ["bfp"] = "Beba", ["bfq"] = "พทคะ", ["bfr"] = "Bazigar", ["bfs"] = "Southern Bai", ["bft"] = "บัลติ", ["bfu"] = "Gahri", ["bfw"] = "Bondo", ["bfx"] = "Bantayanon", ["bfy"] = "Bagheli", ["bfz"] = "Mahasu Pahari", ["bg"] = "บัลแกเรีย", ["bga"] = "Gwamhi-Wuri", ["bgb"] = "Bobongko", ["bgc"] = "หริยาณวี", ["bgd"] = "Rathwi Bareli", ["bge"] = "Bauria", ["bgf"] = "Bangandu", ["bgg"] = "Bugun", ["bgi"] = "Giangan", ["bgj"] = "Bangolan", ["bgk"] = "Bit", ["bgl"] = "Bo", ["bgo"] = "Baga Koga", ["bgq"] = "Bagri", ["bgr"] = "Bawm Chin", ["bgs"] = "Tagabawa", ["bgt"] = "Bughotu", ["bgu"] = "Mbongno", ["bgv"] = "Warkay-Bipim", ["bgw"] = "Bhatri", ["bgx"] = "Balkan Gagauz Turkish", ["bgy"] = "Benggoi", ["bgz"] = "Banggai", ["bh"] = "พิหาร", ["bha"] = "Bharia", ["bhb"] = "Bhili", ["bhc"] = "Biga", ["bhd"] = "Bhadrawahi", ["bhe"] = "Bhaya", ["bhf"] = "Odiai", ["bhg"] = "Binandere", ["bhh"] = "Bukhari", ["bhi"] = "Bhilali", ["bhj"] = "Bahing", ["bhl"] = "Bimin", ["bhm"] = "Bathari", ["bhn"] = "Bohtan Neo-Aramaic", ["bho"] = "โภชปุระ", ["bhp"] = "Bima", ["bhq"] = "Tukang Besi South", ["bhs"] = "Buwal", ["bht"] = "Bhattiyali", ["bhu"] = "Bhunjia", ["bhv"] = "Bahau", ["bhw"] = "Biak", ["bhx"] = "Bhalay", ["bhy"] = "Bhele", ["bhz"] = "Bada", ["bi"] = "บิสลามา", ["bia"] = "Badimaya", ["bib"] = "Bissa", ["bic"] = "Bikaru", ["bid"] = "Bidiyo", ["bie"] = "Bepour", ["bif"] = "Biafada", ["big"] = "Biangai", ["bij"] = "Kwanka", ["bil"] = "Bile", ["bim"] = "Bimoba", ["bin"] = "Edo", ["bio"] = "Nai", ["bip"] = "Bila", ["biq"] = "Bipi", ["bir"] = "Bisorio", ["bit"] = "Berinomo", ["biu"] = "Biete", ["biv"] = "Southern Birifor", ["biw"] = "Kol (Cameroon)", ["bix"] = "Bijori", ["biy"] = "Birhor", ["biz"] = "Baloi", ["bja"] = "Budza", ["bjb"] = "Barngarla", ["bjc"] = "Bariji", ["bje"] = "Biao-Jiao Mien", ["bjf"] = "Barzani Jewish Neo-Aramaic", ["bjg"] = "Bidyogo", ["bjh"] = "Bahinemo", ["bji"] = "Burji", ["bjj"] = "Kannauji", ["bjk"] = "Barok", ["bjl"] = "Bulu (New Guinea)", ["bjm"] = "Bajelani", ["bjn"] = "บันจาร์", ["bjo"] = "Mid-Southern Banda", ["bjp"] = "Fanamaket", ["bjr"] = "Binumarien", ["bjs"] = "Bajan", ["bjt"] = "Balanta-Ganja", ["bju"] = "Busuu", ["bjv"] = "Bedjond", ["bjw"] = "Bakwé", ["bjx"] = "Banao Itneg", ["bjy"] = "Bayali", ["bjz"] = "Baruga", ["bka"] = "Kyak", ["bkc"] = "Baka", ["bkd"] = "บีนูกิด", ["bkf"] = "Beeke", ["bkg"] = "Buraka", ["bkh"] = "Bakoko", ["bki"] = "Baki", ["bkj"] = "Pande", ["bkk"] = "Brokskat", ["bkl"] = "Berik", ["bkm"] = "Kom (Cameroon)", ["bkn"] = "Bukitan", ["bko"] = "Kwa'", ["bkp"] = "Iboko", ["bkq"] = "Bakairí", ["bkr"] = "Bakumpai", ["bks"] = "Masbate Sorsogon", ["bkt"] = "Boloki", ["bku"] = "Buhid", ["bkv"] = "Bekwarra", ["bkw"] = "Bekwel", ["bkx"] = "Baikeno", ["bky"] = "Bokyi", ["bkz"] = "Bungku", ["bla"] = "Blackfoot", ["blb"] = "Bilua", ["blc"] = "Bella Coola", ["bld"] = "Bolango", ["ble"] = "Balanta-Kentohe", ["blf"] = "Buol", ["blg"] = "Balau", ["blh"] = "Kuwaa", ["bli"] = "Bolia", ["blj"] = "Bulungan", ["blk"] = "กะเหรี่ยงปะโอ", ["bll"] = "Biloxi", ["blm"] = "Beli", ["bln"] = "Southern Catanduanes Bicolano", ["blo"] = "Anii", ["blp"] = "Blablanga", ["blq"] = "Baluan-Pam", ["blr"] = "Blang", ["bls"] = "Balaesang", ["blt"] = "ไทดำ", ["blv"] = "Kibala", ["blw"] = "Balangao", ["blx"] = "Mag-Indi Ayta", ["bly"] = "Notre", ["blz"] = "Balantak", ["bm"] = "บัมบารา", ["bma"] = "Lame", ["bmb"] = "Bembe", ["bmc"] = "Biem", ["bmd"] = "Baga Manduri", ["bme"] = "Limassa", ["bmf"] = "Bom", ["bmg"] = "Bamwe", ["bmh"] = "Kein", ["bmi"] = "Bagirmi", ["bmj"] = "Bote-Majhi", ["bmk"] = "Ghayavi", ["bml"] = "Bomboli", ["bmn"] = "Bina", ["bmo"] = "Bambalang", ["bmp"] = "Bulgebi", ["bmq"] = "Bomu", ["bmr"] = "Muinane", ["bmt"] = "Biao Mon", ["bmu"] = "Somba-Siawari", ["bmv"] = "Bum", ["bmw"] = "Bomwali", ["bmx"] = "Baimak", ["bmz"] = "Baramu", ["bn"] = "เบงกอล", ["bna"] = "Bonerate", ["bnb"] = "Bookan", ["bnd"] = "Banda", ["bne"] = "Bintauna", ["bnf"] = "Masiwang", ["bng"] = "Benga", ["bni"] = "Bangi", ["bnj"] = "Eastern Tawbuid", ["bnk"] = "Bierebo", ["bnl"] = "Boon", ["bnm"] = "Batanga", ["bnn"] = "Bunun", ["bno"] = "อาซี", ["bnp"] = "Bola", ["bnq"] = "Bantik", ["bnr"] = "Butmas-Tur", ["bns"] = "Bundeli", ["bnt-bal"] = "Balong", ["bnt-bon"] = "Boma Nkuu", ["bnt-boy"] = "Boma Yumu", ["bnt-bwa"] = "Bwala", ["bnt-cmw"] = "Chimwiini", ["bnt-ind"] = "Indanga", ["bnt-lal"] = "Lala (South Africa)", ["bnt-mpi"] = "Mpiin", ["bnt-mpu"] = "Mpuono", ["bnt-ngu-pro"] = "งูนีดั้งเดิม", ["bnt-phu"] = "Phuthi", ["bnt-pro"] = "แบนทูดั้งเดิม", ["bnt-sab-pro"] = "Proto-Sabaki", ["bnt-sbo"] = "South Boma", ["bnt-sts-pro"] = "Proto-Sotho-Tswana", ["bnu"] = "Bentong", ["bnv"] = "Beneraf", ["bnw"] = "Bisis", ["bnx"] = "Bangubangu", ["bny"] = "Bintulu", ["bnz"] = "Beezen", ["bo"] = "ทิเบต", ["boa"] = "Bora", ["bob"] = "Aweer", ["boe"] = "Mundabli", ["bof"] = "Bolon", ["bog"] = "Bamako Sign Language", ["boh"] = "North Boma", ["boi"] = "Barbareño", ["boj"] = "Anjam", ["bok"] = "Bonjo", ["bol"] = "โบล", ["bom"] = "Berom", ["bon"] = "Bine", ["boo"] = "Tiemacèwè Bozo", ["bop"] = "Bonkiman", ["boq"] = "Bogaya", ["bor"] = "Borôro", ["bot"] = "Bongo", ["bou"] = "Bondei", ["bov"] = "Tuwuli", ["bow"] = "Rema", ["box"] = "Buamu", ["boy"] = "Bodo (Central Africa)", ["boz"] = "Tiéyaxo Bozo", ["bpa"] = "Daakaka", ["bpd"] = "Banda-Banda", ["bpg"] = "Bonggo", ["bph"] = "Botlikh", ["bpi"] = "Bagupi", ["bpj"] = "Binji", ["bpk"] = "Orowe", ["bpl"] = "Broome Pearling Lugger Pidgin", ["bpm"] = "Biyom", ["bpn"] = "Dzao Min", ["bpo"] = "Anasi", ["bpp"] = "Kaure", ["bpq"] = "Banda Malay", ["bpr"] = "Koronadal Blaan", ["bps"] = "Sarangani Blaan", ["bpt"] = "Barrow Point", ["bpu"] = "Bongu", ["bpv"] = "Bian Marind", ["bpx"] = "Palya Bareli", ["bpy"] = "Bishnupriya Manipuri", ["bpz"] = "Bilba", ["bqa"] = "Tchumbuli", ["bqb"] = "Bagusa", ["bqc"] = "Boko", ["bqd"] = "Bung", ["bqf"] = "Baga Kaloum", ["bqg"] = "Bago-Kusuntu", ["bqh"] = "Baima", ["bqi"] = "Bakhtiari", ["bqj"] = "Bandial", ["bqk"] = "Banda-Mbrès", ["bql"] = "Bilakura", ["bqm"] = "Wumboko", ["bqn"] = "Bulgarian Sign Language", ["bqo"] = "Balo", ["bqp"] = "Busa", ["bqq"] = "Biritai", ["bqr"] = "Burusu", ["bqs"] = "Bosngun", ["bqt"] = "Bamukumbit", ["bqu"] = "Boguru", ["bqv"] = "Begbere-Ejar", ["bqw"] = "Buru (Nigeria)", ["bqx"] = "Baangi", ["bqy"] = "Bengkala Sign Language", ["bqz"] = "Bakaka", ["br"] = "เบรอตง", ["bra"] = "พรัช", ["brb"] = "Lave", ["brc"] = "Berbice Creole Dutch", ["brd"] = "Baraamu", ["brf"] = "Bera", ["brg"] = "Baure", ["brh"] = "บราฮุอี", ["bri"] = "Mokpwe", ["brj"] = "Bieria", ["brk"] = "Birgid", ["brl"] = "Birwa", ["brm"] = "Barambu", ["brn"] = "Boruca", ["bro"] = "Brokkat", ["brp"] = "Barapasi", ["brq"] = "Breri", ["brr"] = "Birao", ["brs"] = "Baras", ["brt"] = "Bitare", ["bru"] = "บรูตะวันออก", ["brv"] = "บรูตะวันตก", ["brw"] = "Bellari", ["brx"] = "โบโด", ["bry"] = "Burui", ["brz"] = "Bilbil", ["bsa"] = "Abinomn", ["bsb"] = "Brunei Bisaya", ["bsc"] = "Bassari", ["bse"] = "Wushi", ["bsf"] = "Bauchi", ["bsg"] = "Bashkardi", ["bsh"] = "Kamkata-viri", ["bsi"] = "Bassossi", ["bsj"] = "Bangwinji", ["bsk"] = "Burushaski", ["bsl"] = "Basa-Gumna", ["bsm"] = "Busami", ["bsn"] = "Barasana", ["bso"] = "Buso", ["bsp"] = "Baga Sitemu", ["bsq"] = "Bassa", ["bsr"] = "Bassa-Kontagora", ["bss"] = "Akoose", ["bst"] = "Basketo", ["bsu"] = "Bahonsuai", ["bsv"] = "Baga Sobané", ["bsw"] = "Baiso", ["bsx"] = "Yangkam", ["bsy"] = "Sabah Bisaya", ["bta"] = "Bata", ["btc"] = "Bati (Cameroon)", ["btd"] = "Dairi Batak", ["bte"] = "Gamo-Ningi", ["btf"] = "Birgit", ["btg"] = "Gagnoa Bété", ["bth"] = "Biatah Bidayuh", ["bti"] = "Burate", ["btj"] = "Bacanese Malay", ["btk-pro"] = "Proto-Batak", ["btm"] = "Mandailing Batak", ["btn"] = "Ratagnon", ["bto"] = "Iriga Bicolano", ["btp"] = "Budibud", ["btq"] = "Batek", ["btr"] = "Baetora", ["bts"] = "Simalungun Batak", ["btt"] = "Bete-Bendi", ["btu"] = "Batu", ["btv"] = "Bateri", ["btw"] = "Butuanon", ["btx"] = "Karo Batak", ["bty"] = "Bobot", ["btz"] = "Alas-Kluet Batak", ["bua"] = "บูร์ยัต", ["bub"] = "Bua", ["bud"] = "Ntcham", ["bue"] = "Beothuk", ["buf"] = "Bushoong", ["bug"] = "บูกิส", ["buh"] = "Younuo Bunu", ["bui"] = "Bongili", ["buj"] = "Basa-Gurmana", ["buk"] = "Bukawa", ["bum"] = "Bulu (Cameroon)", ["bun"] = "Sherbro", ["buo"] = "Terei", ["bup"] = "Busoa", ["buq"] = "Brem", ["bus"] = "Bokobaru", ["but"] = "Bungain", ["buu"] = "Budu", ["buv"] = "Bun", ["buw"] = "Bubi", ["bux"] = "Boghom", ["buy"] = "Mmani", ["bva"] = "Barein", ["bvb"] = "Bube", ["bvc"] = "Baelelea", ["bvd"] = "Baeggu", ["bve"] = "Berau Malay", ["bvf"] = "Boor", ["bvg"] = "Bonkeng", ["bvh"] = "Bure", ["bvi"] = "Belanda Viri", ["bvj"] = "Baan", ["bvk"] = "Bukat", ["bvl"] = "Bolivian Sign Language", ["bvm"] = "Bamunka", ["bvn"] = "Buna", ["bvo"] = "Bolgo", ["bvp"] = "Bumang", ["bvq"] = "Birri", ["bvr"] = "Burarra", ["bvt"] = "Bati (Indonesia)", ["bvu"] = "Bukit Malay", ["bvv"] = "Baniva", ["bvw"] = "Boga", ["bvx"] = "Babole", ["bvy"] = "Baybayanon", ["bvz"] = "Bauzi", ["bwa"] = "Bwatoo", ["bwb"] = "Namosi-Naitasiri-Serua", ["bwc"] = "Bwile", ["bwd"] = "Bwaidoka", ["bwe"] = "Bwe Karen", ["bwf"] = "Boselewa", ["bwg"] = "Barwe", ["bwh"] = "Bishuo", ["bwi"] = "Baniwa", ["bwj"] = "Láá Láá Bwamu", ["bwk"] = "Bauwaki", ["bwl"] = "Bwela", ["bwm"] = "Biwat", ["bwn"] = "Wunai Bunu", ["bwo"] = "Shinasha", ["bwp"] = "Mandobo Bawah", ["bwq"] = "Southern Bobo", ["bwr"] = "Bura", ["bws"] = "Bomboma", ["bwt"] = "Bafaw", ["bwu"] = "Buli (Ghana)", ["bww"] = "Bwa", ["bwx"] = "Bu-Nao Bunu", ["bwy"] = "Cwi Bwamu", ["bwz"] = "Bwisi", ["bxa"] = "Bauro", ["bxb"] = "Belanda Bor", ["bxc"] = "Molengue", ["bxd"] = "Pela", ["bxe"] = "Ongota", ["bxf"] = "Bilur", ["bxg"] = "Bangala", ["bxh"] = "Buhutu", ["bxi"] = "Pirlatapa", ["bxj"] = "Bayungu", ["bxk"] = "Bukusu", ["bxl"] = "Jalkunan", ["bxn"] = "Burduna", ["bxo"] = "Barikanchi", ["bxp"] = "Bebil", ["bxq"] = "Beele", ["bxs"] = "Busam", ["bxv"] = "Berakou", ["bxw"] = "Banka", ["bxz"] = "Binahari", ["bya"] = "Palawan Batak", ["byb"] = "Bikya", ["byc"] = "Ubaghara", ["byd"] = "Benyadu'", ["bye"] = "Pouye", ["byf"] = "Bete", ["byg"] = "Baygo", ["byh"] = "Bujhyal", ["byi"] = "Buyu", ["byj"] = "Binawa", ["byk"] = "Biao", ["byl"] = "Bayono", ["bym"] = "Bidyara", ["byn"] = "Blin", ["byo"] = "Biyo", ["byp"] = "Bumaji", ["byq"] = "Basay", ["byr"] = "Baruya", ["bys"] = "Burak", ["byt"] = "Berti", ["byv"] = "Medumba", ["byw"] = "Belhariya", ["byx"] = "Qaqet", ["byz"] = "Banaro", ["bza"] = "Bandi", ["bzb"] = "Andio", ["bzd"] = "Bribri", ["bze"] = "Jenaama Bozo", ["bzf"] = "Boikin", ["bzg"] = "Babuza", ["bzh"] = "Mapos Buang", ["bzi"] = "บีซู", ["bzj"] = "Belizean Creole", ["bzk"] = "Nicaraguan Creole", ["bzl"] = "Boano (Sulawesi)", ["bzm"] = "Bolondo", ["bzn"] = "Boano (Maluku)", ["bzo"] = "Bozaba", ["bzp"] = "Kemberano", ["bzq"] = "Buli (Indonesia)", ["bzr"] = "Biri", ["bzs"] = "Brazilian Sign Language", ["bzu"] = "Burmeso", ["bzv"] = "Bebe", ["bzw"] = "Basa", ["bzx"] = "Hainyaxo Bozo", ["bzy"] = "Obanliku", ["bzz"] = "Evant", ["ca"] = "กาตาลา", ["caa"] = "Ch'orti'", ["cab"] = "Garifuna", ["cac"] = "Chuj", ["cad"] = "Caddo", ["cae"] = "Laalaa", ["caf"] = "Southern Carrier", ["cag"] = "Nivaclé", ["cah"] = "Cahuarano", ["caj"] = "Chané", ["cak"] = "Kaqchikel", ["cal"] = "Carolinian", ["cam"] = "Cèmuhî", ["can"] = "Chambri", ["cao"] = "Chácobo", ["cap"] = "Chipaya", ["caq"] = "คาร์นิโคบาร์", ["car"] = "Kari'na", ["cas"] = "Tsimané", ["cau-abz-pro"] = "Proto-Abkhaz-Abaza", ["cau-and-pro"] = "Proto-Andian", ["cau-ava-pro"] = "Proto-Avaro-Andian", ["cau-cir-pro"] = "Proto-Circassian", ["cau-drg-pro"] = "Proto-Dargwa", ["cau-lzg-pro"] = "Proto-Lezghian", ["cau-nec-pro"] = "คอเคเซียนตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือดั้งเดิม", ["cau-nkh-pro"] = "นัคดั้งเดิม", ["cau-nwc-pro"] = "คอเคเซียนตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือดั้งเดิม", ["cau-tsz-pro"] = "Proto-Tsezian", ["cav"] = "Cavineña", ["caw"] = "Kallawaya", ["cax"] = "Chiquitano", ["cay"] = "Cayuga", ["caz"] = "Canichana", ["cba-ata"] = "Atanques", ["cba-cat"] = "Catío Chibcha", ["cba-dor"] = "Dorasque", ["cba-dui"] = "Duit", ["cba-hue"] = "Huetar", ["cba-nut"] = "Nutabe", ["cba-pro"] = "Proto-Chibchan", ["cbb"] = "Cabiyarí", ["cbc"] = "Carapana", ["cbd"] = "Carijona", ["cbg"] = "Chimila", ["cbi"] = "Chachi", ["cbj"] = "Ede Cabe", ["cbk"] = "ชาบากาโน", ["cbl"] = "Bualkhaw Chin", ["cbn"] = "ญัฮกุร", ["cbo"] = "Izora", ["cbq"] = "Tsucuba", ["cbr"] = "Cashibo-Cacataibo", ["cbs"] = "Cashinahua", ["cbt"] = "Chayahuita", ["cbu"] = "Candoshi-Shapra", ["cbv"] = "Cacua", ["cbw"] = "Kinabalian", ["cby"] = "Carabayo", ["cca"] = "Cauca", ["ccc"] = "Chamicuro", ["ccd"] = "Cafundó", ["cce"] = "Chopi", ["ccg"] = "Chamba Daka", ["cch"] = "Atsam", ["ccj"] = "Kasanga", ["ccl"] = "Cutchi-Swahili", ["ccm"] = "Malaccan Creole Malay", ["cco"] = "Comaltepec Chinantec", ["ccp"] = "จักมา", ["ccr"] = "Cacaopera", ["ccs-gzn-pro"] = "จอร์เจียน-แซนดั้งเดิม", ["ccs-pro"] = "คาร์ทเวเลียนดั้งเดิม", ["cda"] = "Choni", ["cdc-cbm-pro"] = "ชาดิกตอนกลางดั้งเดิม", ["cdc-mas-pro"] = "Proto-Masa", ["cdc-pro"] = "ชาดิกดั้งเดิม", ["cdd-pro"] = "Proto-Caddoan", ["cde"] = "Chenchu", ["cdf"] = "Chiru", ["cdh"] = "Chambeali", ["cdi"] = "Chodri", ["cdj"] = "Churahi", ["cdm"] = "Chepang", ["cdn"] = "Chaudangsi", ["cdo"] = "หมิ่นตะวันออก", ["cdr"] = "Cinda-Regi-Tiyal", ["cds"] = "Chadian Sign Language", ["cdy"] = "Chadong", ["cdz"] = "Koda", ["ce"] = "เชเชน", ["cea"] = "Lower Chehalis", ["ceb"] = "เซบัวโน", ["ceg"] = "Chamacoco", ["cel-bry-pro"] = "บริทอนิกดั้งเดิม", ["cel-gal"] = "Gallaecian", ["cel-gau"] = "กอล", ["cel-pro"] = "เคลติกดั้งเดิม", ["cen"] = "Cen", ["cet"] = "Centúúm", ["cfa"] = "Dijim-Bwilim", ["cfd"] = "Cara", ["cfg"] = "Como Karim", ["cfm"] = "Falam Chin", ["cga"] = "Changriwa", ["cgc"] = "Kagayanen", ["cgg"] = "Rukiga", ["cgk"] = "Chocangaca", ["ch"] = "ชามอร์โร", ["chb"] = "Chibcha", ["chc"] = "Catawba", ["chd"] = "Highland Oaxaca Chontal", ["chf"] = "Chontal Maya", ["chg"] = "ชากาทาย", ["chh"] = "Chinook", ["chi-pro"] = "Proto-Chimakuan", ["chj"] = "Ojitlán Chinantec", ["chk"] = "Chuukese", ["chl"] = "Cahuilla", ["chm-pro"] = "Proto-Mari", ["chn"] = "Chinook Jargon", ["cho"] = "Choctaw", ["chp"] = "Chipewyan", ["chq"] = "Quiotepec Chinantec", ["chr"] = "เชโรกี", ["cht"] = "Cholón", ["chw"] = "Chuabo", ["chx"] = "Chantyal", ["chy"] = "เชเยนน์", ["chz"] = "Ozumacín Chinantec", ["cia"] = "Cia-Cia", ["cib"] = "Ci Gbe", ["cic"] = "Chickasaw", ["cid"] = "Chimariko", ["cie"] = "Cineni", ["cih"] = "Chinali", ["cik"] = "Chitkuli Kinnauri", ["cim"] = "คิมบรี", ["cin"] = "Cinta Larga", ["cip"] = "Chiapanec", ["cir"] = "Tinrin", ["ciy"] = "Chaima", ["cja"] = "จามตะวันตก", ["cje"] = "Chru", ["cjh"] = "Upper Chehalis", ["cji"] = "Chamalal", ["cjk"] = "Chokwe", ["cjm"] = "จามตะวันออก", ["cjn"] = "Chenapian", ["cjo"] = "Ashéninka Pajonal", ["cjp"] = "Cabécar", ["cjs"] = "โชร์", ["cjv"] = "Chuave", ["cjy"] = "จิ้น", ["ckb"] = "เคิร์ดตอนกลาง", ["ckh"] = "Chak", ["ckl"] = "Cibak", ["ckn"] = "Kaang Chin", ["cko"] = "Anufo", ["ckq"] = "Kajakse", ["ckr"] = "Kairak", ["cks"] = "Tayo", ["ckt"] = "ชุกชี", ["cku"] = "Koasati", ["ckv"] = "กบาลัน", ["ckx"] = "Caka", ["cky"] = "Cakfem-Mushere", ["ckz"] = "Kaqchikel-K'iche' Mixed Language", ["cla"] = "Ron", ["clc"] = "Chilcotin", ["cld"] = "Chaldean Neo-Aramaic", ["cle"] = "Lealao Chinantec", ["clh"] = "Chilisso", ["cli"] = "Chakali", ["clj"] = "Laitu Chin", ["clk"] = "Idu", ["cll"] = "Chala", ["clm"] = "Klallam", ["clo"] = "Lowland Oaxaca Chontal", ["clt"] = "Lutuv", ["clu"] = "Caluyanun", ["clw"] = "Chulym", ["cly"] = "Eastern Highland Chatino", ["cma"] = "หมะ", ["cmc-pro"] = "จามิกดั้งเดิม", ["cme"] = "Cerma", ["cmg"] = "มองโกเลียคลาสสิก", ["cmi"] = "Emberá-Chamí", ["cml"] = "Campalagian", ["cmm"] = "Michigamea", ["cmn"] = "จีนกลาง", ["cmo"] = "มนองตอนกลาง", ["cmr"] = "Mro Chin", ["cms"] = "Messapic", ["cmt"] = "Camtho", ["cna"] = "Changthang", ["cnb"] = "Chinbon Chin", ["cnc"] = "Cốông", ["cng"] = "Northern Qiang", ["cnh"] = "Lai", ["cni"] = "Asháninka", ["cnk"] = "Khumi Chin", ["cnl"] = "Lalana Chinantec", ["cno"] = "Con", ["cnp"] = "ผิงเหนือ", ["cns"] = "Central Asmat", ["cnt"] = "Tepetotutla Chinantec", ["cnu"] = "Chenoua", ["cnw"] = "Ngawn Chin", ["cnx"] = "Middle Cornish", ["co"] = "คอร์ซิกา", ["coa"] = "Cocos Islands Malay", ["cob"] = "Chicomuceltec", ["coc"] = "Cocopa", ["cod"] = "Cocama", ["coe"] = "Koreguaje", ["cof"] = "Tsafiki", ["cog"] = "ชอง", ["coh"] = "Chichonyi-Chidzihana-Chikauma", ["coj"] = "Cochimi", ["cok"] = "Santa Teresa Cora", ["col"] = "Columbia-Wenatchi", ["com"] = "Comanche", ["con"] = "Cofán", ["coo"] = "Comox", ["cop"] = "คอปติก", ["coq"] = "Coquille", ["cot"] = "Caquinte", ["cou"] = "Wamey", ["cov"] = "เฉ่าเหมียว", ["cow"] = "Cowlitz", ["cox"] = "Nanti", ["coy"] = "Coyaima", ["coz"] = "Chochotec", ["cpa"] = "Palantla Chinantec", ["cpb"] = "Ucayali-Yurúa Ashéninka", ["cpc"] = "Ajyíninka Apurucayali", ["cpg"] = "Cappadocian Greek", ["cpi"] = "Chinese Pidgin English", ["cpn"] = "Cherepon", ["cpo"] = "Kpee", ["cps"] = "Capiznon", ["cpu"] = "Pichis Ashéninka", ["cpx"] = "ผูเซียน", ["cpy"] = "South Ucayali Ashéninka", ["cqd"] = "Chuanqiandian Cluster Miao", ["cr"] = "ครี", ["cra"] = "Chara", ["crb"] = "Kalinago", ["crc"] = "Lonwolwol", ["crd"] = "Coeur d'Alene", ["crf"] = "Caramanta", ["crg"] = "Michif", ["crh"] = "ตาตาร์แบบไครเมีย", ["cri"] = "Sãotomense", ["crj"] = "Southern East Cree", ["crk"] = "Plains Cree", ["crl"] = "Northern East Cree", ["crm"] = "Moose Cree", ["crn"] = "Cora", ["cro"] = "Crow", ["crp-bip"] = "Basque-Icelandic Pidgin", ["crp-gep"] = "West Greenlandic Pidgin", ["crp-kia"] = "Kiautschou German Pidgin", ["crp-mar"] = "Maroon Spirit Language", ["crp-mpp"] = "Macau Pidgin Portuguese", ["crp-rsn"] = "Russenorsk", ["crp-slb"] = "Solombala English", ["crp-spp"] = "Samoan Plantation Pidgin", ["crp-tpr"] = "Taimyr Pidgin Russian", ["crq"] = "Iyo'wujwa Chorote", ["crr"] = "Carolina Algonquian", ["crs"] = "Seychellois Creole", ["crt"] = "Iyojwa'ja Chorote", ["crv"] = "Chaura", ["crw"] = "Chrau", ["crx"] = "Carrier", ["cry"] = "Cori", ["crz"] = "Cruzeño", ["cs"] = "เช็ก", ["csa"] = "Chiltepec Chinantec", ["csb"] = "คาชุบ", ["csc"] = "Catalan Sign Language", ["csd"] = "Chiangmai Sign Language", ["cse"] = "Czech Sign Language", ["csf"] = "Cuban Sign Language", ["csg"] = "Chilean Sign Language", ["csh"] = "Asho Chin", ["csi"] = "Coast Miwok", ["csj"] = "Songlai Chin", ["csk"] = "Jola-Kasa", ["csl"] = "Chinese Sign Language", ["csm"] = "Central Sierra Miwok", ["csn"] = "Colombian Sign Language", ["cso"] = "Sochiapam Chinantec", ["csp"] = "ผิงใต้", ["csq"] = "Croatian Sign Language", ["csr"] = "Costa Rican Sign Language", ["css"] = "Southern Ohlone", ["cst"] = "Northern Ohlone", ["csu-bba-pro"] = "Proto-Bongo-Bagirmi", ["csu-maa-pro"] = "Proto-Mangbetu", ["csu-pro"] = "Proto-Central Sudanic", ["csu-sar-pro"] = "Proto-Sara", ["csv"] = "Sumtu Chin", ["csw"] = "Swampy Cree", ["csx"] = "Cambodian Sign Language", ["csy"] = "Siyin Chin", ["csz"] = "Coos", ["cta"] = "Tataltepec Chatino", ["ctc"] = "Chetco-Tolowa", ["ctd"] = "Tedim Chin", ["cte"] = "Tepinapa Chinantec", ["ctg"] = "Chittagonian", ["cth"] = "Thaiphum Chin", ["ctl"] = "Tlacoatzintepec Chinantec", ["ctm"] = "Chitimacha", ["ctn"] = "Chhintange", ["cto"] = "Emberá-Catío", ["ctp"] = "Western Highland Chatino", ["cts"] = "Northern Catanduanes Bicolano", ["ctt"] = "Wayanad Chetti", ["ctu"] = "Chol", ["ctz"] = "Zacatepec Chatino", ["cu"] = "สลาวอนิกคริสตจักรเก่า", ["cua"] = "Cua", ["cub"] = "Cubeo", ["cuc"] = "Usila Chinantec", ["cug"] = "Cung", ["cuh"] = "Chuka", ["cui"] = "Cuiba", ["cuj"] = "Mashco Piro", ["cuk"] = "Kuna", ["cul"] = "Culina", ["cuo"] = "Cumanagoto", ["cup"] = "Cupeño", ["cuq"] = "จุน", ["cur"] = "Chhulung", ["cus-ash"] = "Ashraaf", ["cus-hec-pro"] = "Proto-Highland East Cushitic", ["cus-pro"] = "Proto-Cushitic", ["cus-som-pro"] = "โซมาลอยด์ดั้งเดิม", ["cus-sou-pro"] = "Proto-South Cushitic", ["cut"] = "Teutila Cuicatec", ["cuu"] = "Tai Ya", ["cuv"] = "Cuvok", ["cuw"] = "Chukwa", ["cux"] = "Tepeuxila Cuicatec", ["cuy"] = "Cuitlatec", ["cv"] = "ชูวัช", ["cvg"] = "Chug", ["cvn"] = "Valle Nacional Chinantec", ["cwa"] = "Kabwa", ["cwb"] = "Maindo", ["cwd"] = "Woods Cree", ["cwe"] = "Kwere", ["cwg"] = "Chewong", ["cwt"] = "Kuwaataay", ["cy"] = "เวลส์", ["cya"] = "Nopala Chatino", ["cyb"] = "Cayubaba", ["cyo"] = "Cuyunon", ["czh"] = "Huizhou", ["czk"] = "Knaanic", ["czn"] = "Zenzontepec Chatino", ["czo"] = "หมิ่นตอนกลาง", ["czt"] = "Zotung Chin", ["da"] = "เดนมาร์ก", ["daa"] = "Dangaléat", ["dac"] = "Dambi", ["dad"] = "Marik", ["dae"] = "Duupa", ["dag"] = "Dagbani", ["dah"] = "Gwahatike", ["dai"] = "Day", ["daj"] = "Dar Fur Daju", ["dak"] = "ดาโคตา", ["dal"] = "Dahalo", ["dam"] = "Damakawa", ["dao"] = "Daai Chin", ["daq"] = "Dandami Maria", ["dar"] = "Dargwa", ["das"] = "Daho-Doo", ["dau"] = "Dar Sila Daju", ["dav"] = "Taita", ["daw"] = "Davawenyo", ["dax"] = "Dayi", ["daz"] = "Dao", ["dba"] = "Bangime", ["dbb"] = "Deno", ["dbd"] = "Dadiya", ["dbe"] = "Dabe", ["dbf"] = "Edopi", ["dbg"] = "Dogul Dom", ["dbi"] = "Doka", ["dbj"] = "อีดาอัน", ["dbl"] = "Dyirbal", ["dbm"] = "Duguri", ["dbn"] = "Duriankere", ["dbo"] = "Dulbu", ["dbp"] = "Duwai", ["dbq"] = "Daba", ["dbr"] = "Dabarre", ["dbt"] = "Ben Tey", ["dbu"] = "Bondum Dom Dogon", ["dbv"] = "Dungu", ["dbw"] = "Bankan Tey Dogon", ["dby"] = "Dibiyaso", ["dcc"] = "Deccani", ["dcr"] = "เนเกอร์ฮอลันดส์", ["dda"] = "Dadi Dadi", ["ddd"] = "Dongotono", ["dde"] = "Doondo", ["ddg"] = "Fataluku", ["ddi"] = "Diodio", ["ddj"] = "Jaru", ["ddn"] = "Dendi", ["ddo"] = "Tsez", ["ddr"] = "Dhudhuroa", ["dds"] = "Donno So Dogon", ["ddw"] = "Dawera-Daweloor", ["de"] = "เยอรมัน", ["dec"] = "Dagik", ["ded"] = "Dedua", ["dee"] = "Dewoin", ["def"] = "Dezfuli", ["deg"] = "Degema", ["deh"] = "Dehwari", ["dei"] = "Demisa", ["dem"] = "Dem", ["dep"] = "Pidgin Delaware", ["der"] = "Deori", ["des"] = "Desano", ["dev"] = "Domung", ["dez"] = "Dengese", ["dga"] = "Southern Dagaare", ["dgb"] = "Bunoge", ["dgc"] = "Casiguran Dumagat Agta", ["dgd"] = "Dagaari Dioula", ["dge"] = "Degenan", ["dgg"] = "Doga", ["dgh"] = "Dghwede", ["dgi"] = "Northern Dagara", ["dgk"] = "Dagba", ["dgn"] = "Dagoman", ["dgo"] = "Hindi Dogri", ["dgr"] = "Dogrib", ["dgs"] = "Dogoso", ["dgt"] = "Ntra'ngith", ["dgw"] = "Daungwurrung", ["dgx"] = "Doghoro", ["dgz"] = "Daga", ["dhd"] = "Dhundhari", ["dhg"] = "Dhangu", ["dhi"] = "Dhimal", ["dhl"] = "Dhalandji", ["dhm"] = "Zemba", ["dhn"] = "Dhanki", ["dho"] = "Dhodia", ["dhr"] = "Tharrgari", ["dhs"] = "Dhaiso", ["dhu"] = "Dhurga", ["dhv"] = "Drehu", ["dhw"] = "Danuwar", ["dhx"] = "Dhungaloo", ["dia"] = "Dia", ["dib"] = "South Central Dinka", ["dic"] = "Lakota Dida", ["did"] = "Didinga", ["dif"] = "Dieri", ["dig"] = "Digo", ["dii"] = "Dimbong", ["dij"] = "Dai", ["dik"] = "Southwestern Dinka", ["dil"] = "Dilling", ["dim"] = "Dime", ["din"] = "Dinka", ["dio"] = "Dibo", ["dip"] = "Northeastern Dinka", ["dir"] = "Dirim", ["dis"] = "Dimasa", ["diu"] = "Gciriku", ["diw"] = "Northwestern Dinka", ["dix"] = "Dixon Reef", ["diy"] = "Diuwe", ["diz"] = "Ding", ["dja"] = "Djadjawurrung", ["djb"] = "Djinba", ["djc"] = "Dar Daju Daju", ["djd"] = "Jaminjung", ["dje"] = "Zarma", ["djf"] = "Djangun", ["dji"] = "Djinang", ["djj"] = "Ndjébbana", ["djk"] = "Aukan", ["djl"] = "Djiwarli", ["djm"] = "Jamsay", ["djn"] = "Djauan", ["djo"] = "Jangkang", ["djr"] = "Djambarrpuyngu", ["dju"] = "Kapriman", ["djw"] = "Djawi", ["dka"] = "Dakpa", ["dkk"] = "Dakka", ["dkr"] = "Kuijau", ["dks"] = "Southeastern Dinka", ["dkx"] = "Mazagway", ["dlg"] = "Dolgan", ["dlk"] = "Dahalik", ["dlm"] = "แดลเมเชีย", ["dln"] = "Darlong", ["dma"] = "Duma", ["dmb"] = "Mombo Dogon", ["dmc"] = "Gavak", ["dmd"] = "Madhi Madhi", ["dme"] = "Dugwor", ["dmf"] = "Medefaidrin", ["dmg"] = "กีนาบาตางันตอนบน", ["dmk"] = "Domaaki", ["dml"] = "Dameli", ["dmm"] = "Dama (Nigeria)", ["dmn-dam"] = "Dama (Sierra Leone)", ["dmn-mdw-pro"] = "Proto-Western Mande", ["dmn-pro"] = "Proto-Mande", ["dmo"] = "Kemezung", ["dmr"] = "East Damar", ["dms"] = "Dampelas", ["dmu"] = "Dubu", ["dmv"] = "Dumpas", ["dmw"] = "Mudburra", ["dmx"] = "Dema", ["dmy"] = "Demta", ["dna"] = "Upper Grand Valley Dani", ["dnd"] = "Daonda", ["dne"] = "Ndendeule", ["dng"] = "ดุงกาน", ["dni"] = "Lower Grand Valley Dani", ["dnj"] = "Dan", ["dnk"] = "Dengka", ["dnn"] = "Dzuun", ["dno"] = "Ndrulo", ["dnr"] = "Danaru", ["dnt"] = "Mid Grand Valley Dani", ["dnu"] = "Danau", ["dnv"] = "Danu", ["dnw"] = "Western Dani", ["dny"] = "Dení", ["doa"] = "Dom", ["dob"] = "Dobu", ["doc"] = "ต้งเหนือ", ["doe"] = "Doe", ["dof"] = "Domu", ["doh"] = "Dong", ["doi"] = "Dogri", ["dok"] = "Dondo", ["dol"] = "Doso", ["don"] = "Doura", ["doo"] = "Dongo", ["dop"] = "Lukpa", ["doq"] = "Dominican Sign Language", ["dor"] = "Dori'o", ["dos"] = "Dogosé", ["dot"] = "Dass", ["dov"] = "Toka-Leya", ["dow"] = "Doyayo", ["dox"] = "Bussa", ["doy"] = "Dompo", ["doz"] = "Dorze", ["dpp"] = "Papar", ["dra-bry"] = "Beary", ["dra-cen-pro"] = "ดราวิเดียนตอนกลางดั้งเดิม", ["dra-mkn"] = "Middle Kannada", ["dra-nor-pro"] = "ดราวิเดียนเหนือดั้งเดิม", ["dra-okn"] = "Old Kannada", ["dra-ote"] = "Old Telugu", ["dra-pro"] = "ดราวิเดียนดั้งเดิม", ["dra-sdo-pro"] = "ดราวิเดียนใต้ที่หนึ่งดั้งเดิม", ["dra-sdt-pro"] = "ดราวิเดียนใต้ที่สองดั้งเดิม", ["dra-sou-pro"] = "ดราวิเดียนใต้ดั้งเดิม", ["drb"] = "Dair", ["drc"] = "Minderico", ["drd"] = "Darmiya", ["drg"] = "Rungus", ["dri"] = "Lela", ["drl"] = "Baagandji", ["drn"] = "West Damar", ["dro"] = "Daro-Matu Melanau", ["drq"] = "Dura", ["drs"] = "Gedeo", ["dru"] = "Rukai", ["dru-pro"] = "Proto-Rukai", ["dry"] = "Darai", ["dsb"] = "ซอร์เบียตอนล่าง", ["dse"] = "Dutch Sign Language", ["dsh"] = "Daasanach", ["dsi"] = "Disa", ["dsl"] = "Danish Sign Language", ["dsn"] = "Dusner", ["dso"] = "Desiya", ["dsq"] = "Tadaksahak", ["dta"] = "Daur", ["dtb"] = "Labuk-Kinabatangan Kadazan", ["dtd"] = "Ditidaht", ["dth"] = "Adithinngithigh", ["dti"] = "Ana Tinga Dogon", ["dtk"] = "Tene Kan Dogon", ["dtm"] = "Tomo Kan Dogon", ["dto"] = "Tommo So", ["dtp"] = "ดูซุนตอนกลาง", ["dtr"] = "Lotud", ["dts"] = "Toro So Dogon", ["dtt"] = "Toro Tegu Dogon", ["dtu"] = "Tebul Ure Dogon", ["dty"] = "Doteli", ["dua"] = "Duala", ["dub"] = "Dubli", ["duc"] = "Duna", ["due"] = "Umiray Dumaget Agta", ["duf"] = "Dumbea", ["dug"] = "Chiduruma", ["duh"] = "Dungra Bhil", ["dui"] = "Dumun", ["duk"] = "Uyajitaya", ["dul"] = "Alabat Island Agta", ["dum"] = "ดัตช์กลาง", ["dun"] = "Dusun Deyah", ["duo"] = "Dupaningan Agta", ["dup"] = "Duano", ["duq"] = "Dusun Malang", ["dur"] = "Dii", ["dus"] = "Dumi", ["duu"] = "Drung", ["duv"] = "Duvle", ["duw"] = "Dusun Witu", ["dux"] = "Duun", ["duy"] = "Dicamay Agta", ["duz"] = "Duli", ["dv"] = "มัลดีฟส์", ["dva"] = "Duau", ["dwa"] = "Diri", ["dwr"] = "เดาโร", ["dwu"] = "Dhuwal", ["dww"] = "Dawawa", ["dwy"] = "Dhuwaya", ["dwz"] = "Dewas Rai", ["dya"] = "Dyan", ["dyb"] = "Dyaberdyaber", ["dyd"] = "Dyugun", ["dyg"] = "Villa Viciosa Agta", ["dyi"] = "Djimini", ["dym"] = "Yanda Dogon", ["dyn"] = "Dyangadi", ["dyo"] = "Jola-Fonyi", ["dyu"] = "Dyula", ["dyy"] = "Dyaabugay", ["dz"] = "ซองคา", ["dza"] = "Tunzu", ["dzg"] = "Dazaga", ["dzl"] = "Dzala", ["dzn"] = "Dzando", ["ebg"] = "Ebughu", ["ebk"] = "Eastern Bontoc", ["ebr"] = "Ebrié", ["ebu"] = "Embu", ["ecr"] = "Eteocretan", ["ecs"] = "Ecuadorian Sign Language", ["ecy"] = "Eteocypriot", ["ee"] = "เอเว", ["eee"] = "E", ["efa"] = "Efai", ["efe"] = "Efe", ["efi"] = "Efik", ["ega"] = "Ega", ["egl"] = "เอมีเลีย", ["ego"] = "Eggon", ["egx-dem"] = "Demotic Egyptian", ["egy"] = "อียิปต์", ["ehu"] = "Ehueun", ["eip"] = "Eipomek", ["eit"] = "Eitiep", ["eiv"] = "Askopan", ["eja"] = "Ejamat", ["eka"] = "Ekajuk", ["eke"] = "Ekit", ["ekg"] = "Ekari", ["eki"] = "Eki", ["ekl"] = "Kolhe", ["ekm"] = "Elip", ["eko"] = "Koti", ["ekp"] = "Ekpeye", ["ekr"] = "Yace", ["eky"] = "กะยาตะวันออก", ["el"] = "กรีก", ["ele"] = "Elepi", ["elh"] = "El Hugeirat", ["eli"] = "Nding", ["elk"] = "Elkei", ["elm"] = "Eleme", ["elo"] = "El Molo", ["elu"] = "Elu", ["elx"] = "Elamite", ["ema"] = "Emai", ["emb"] = "Embaloh", ["eme"] = "Emerillon", ["emg"] = "Eastern Meohang", ["emi"] = "Mussau-Emira", ["emk"] = "Eastern Maninkakan", ["emm"] = "Mamulique", ["emn"] = "Eman", ["emp"] = "Northern Emberá", ["ems"] = "อาลูตีก", ["emu"] = "Eastern Muria", ["emw"] = "Emplawas", ["emx"] = "Erromintxela", ["emy"] = "Epigraphic Mayan", ["en"] = "อังกฤษ", ["ena"] = "Apali", ["enb"] = "Markweeta", ["enc"] = "En", ["end"] = "Ende", ["enf"] = "Forest Enets", ["enh"] = "Tundra Enets", ["enl"] = "Enlhet", ["enm"] = "อังกฤษกลาง", ["enn"] = "Engenni", ["eno"] = "Enggano", ["enq"] = "Enga", ["enr"] = "Emem", ["enu"] = "Enu", ["env"] = "Enwan", ["enw"] = "Enwang", ["enx"] = "Enxet", ["eo"] = "เอสเปรันโต", ["eot"] = "Eotile", ["epi"] = "Epie", ["era"] = "Eravallan", ["erg"] = "Sie", ["erh"] = "Eruwa", ["eri"] = "Ogea", ["erk"] = "South Efate", ["ero-gsz"] = "Geshiza", ["ero-nya"] = "Nyagrong Minyag", ["ero-tau"] = "Stau", ["err"] = "Erre", ["ers"] = "Ersu", ["ert"] = "Eritai", ["erw"] = "Erokwanas", ["es"] = "สเปน", ["ese"] = "Ese Ejja", ["esh"] = "เอชเตฮาร์ด", ["esl"] = "Egyptian Sign Language", ["esm"] = "Esuma", ["esn"] = "Salvadoran Sign Language", ["eso"] = "Estonian Sign Language", ["esq"] = "Esselen", ["ess"] = "Central Siberian Yupik", ["esu"] = "ยุปปิก", ["esx-esk-pro"] = "เอสกิโมดั้งเดิม", ["esx-ink"] = "Inuktun", ["esx-inq"] = "Inuinnaqtun", ["esx-inu-pro"] = "อินุอิตดั้งเดิม", ["esx-pro"] = "Proto-Eskimo-Aleut", ["esx-tut"] = "Tunumiisut", ["esy"] = "Eskayan", ["et"] = "เอสโตเนีย", ["etb"] = "Etebi", ["etc"] = "Etchemin", ["eth"] = "Ethiopian Sign Language", ["etn"] = "Eton (Vanuatu)", ["eto"] = "Eton (Cameroon)", ["etr"] = "Edolo", ["ets"] = "Yekhee", ["ett"] = "อีทรัสคัน", ["etu"] = "Ejagham", ["etx"] = "Eten", ["etz"] = "Semimi", ["eu"] = "บาสก์", ["euq-pro"] = "บาสก์ดั้งเดิม", ["eve"] = "เอเว็น", ["evh"] = "Uvbie", ["evn"] = "เอเวนค์", ["ewo"] = "Ewondo", ["ext"] = "เอซเตรมาดูรา", ["eya"] = "Eyak", ["eyo"] = "Keiyo", ["eza"] = "Ezaa", ["eze"] = "Uzekwe", ["fa"] = "เปอร์เซีย", ["faa"] = "Fasu", ["fab"] = "Annobonese", ["fad"] = "Wagi", ["faf"] = "Fagani", ["fag"] = "Finongan", ["fah"] = "Baissa Fali", ["fai"] = "Faiwol", ["faj"] = "Faita", ["fak"] = "Fang (Beboid)", ["fal"] = "South Fali", ["fam"] = "Fam", ["fan"] = "Fang (Bantu)", ["fap"] = "Palor", ["far"] = "Fataleka", ["fau"] = "Fayu", ["fax"] = "ฟาลา", ["fay"] = "Southwestern Fars", ["faz"] = "Northwestern Fars", ["fbl"] = "West Albay Bikol", ["fcs"] = "Quebec Sign Language", ["fer"] = "Feroge", ["ff"] = "ฟูลา", ["ffi"] = "Foia Foia", ["fgr"] = "Fongoro", ["fi"] = "ฟินแลนด์", ["fia"] = "Nobiin", ["fie"] = "Fyer", ["fip"] = "Fipa", ["fir"] = "Firan", ["fit"] = "Meänkieli", ["fiw"] = "Fiwaga", ["fj"] = "ฟีจี", ["fkk"] = "Kirya-Konzel", ["fkv"] = "Kven", ["fla"] = "Montana Salish", ["flh"] = "Foau", ["fli"] = "Fali", ["fll"] = "North Fali", ["fln"] = "Flinders Island", ["flr"] = "Fuliiru", ["fly"] = "Tsotsitaal", ["fmp"] = "Fe'fe'", ["fmu"] = "Far Western Muria", ["fng"] = "Fanagalo", ["fni"] = "Fania", ["fo"] = "แฟโร", ["fod"] = "Foodo", ["foi"] = "Foi", ["fom"] = "Foma", ["fon"] = "Fon", ["for"] = "Fore", ["fos"] = "Siraya", ["fpe"] = "Pichinglis", ["fqs"] = "Fas", ["fr"] = "ฝรั่งเศส", ["frd"] = "Fordata", ["frm"] = "ฝรั่งเศสกลาง", ["fro"] = "ฝรั่งเศสเก่า", ["frp"] = "ฟร็องโก-พรอว็องส์", ["frq"] = "Forak", ["frr"] = "ฟรีเชียเหนือ", ["frt"] = "Fortsenal", ["fse"] = "Finnish Sign Language", ["fsl"] = "French Sign Language", ["fss"] = "Finnish-Swedish Sign Language", ["fud"] = "East Futuna", ["fuj"] = "Ko", ["fum"] = "Fum", ["fun"] = "Fulniô", ["fur"] = "ฟรียูลี", ["fut"] = "Futuna-Aniwa", ["fuu"] = "Furu", ["fuy"] = "Fuyug", ["fvr"] = "Fur", ["fwa"] = "Fwâi", ["fwe"] = "Fwe", ["fy"] = "ฟรีเชียตะวันตก", ["ga"] = "ไอริช", ["gaa"] = "Ga", ["gab"] = "Gabri", ["gac"] = "Mixed Great Andamanese", ["gad"] = "Gaddang", ["gae"] = "Warekena", ["gaf"] = "Gende", ["gag"] = "กากาอุซ", ["gah"] = "Alekano", ["gai"] = "Borei", ["gaj"] = "Gadsup", ["gak"] = "Gamkonora", ["gal"] = "Galoli", ["gam"] = "Kandawo", ["gan"] = "กั้น", ["gao"] = "Gants", ["gap"] = "Gal", ["gaq"] = "Gata'", ["gar"] = "Galeya", ["gas"] = "Adiwasi Garasia", ["gat"] = "Kenati", ["gau"] = "Kondekor", ["gaw"] = "Nobonob", ["gay"] = "Gayo", ["gba-pro"] = "Proto-Gbaya", ["gbb"] = "Kaytetye", ["gbd"] = "Karadjeri", ["gbe"] = "Niksek", ["gbf"] = "Gaikundi", ["gbg"] = "Gbanziri", ["gbh"] = "Defi Gbe", ["gbi"] = "Galela", ["gbj"] = "Bodo Gadaba", ["gbk"] = "Gaddi", ["gbl"] = "Gamit", ["gbm"] = "Garhwali", ["gbn"] = "Mo'da", ["gbo"] = "Northern Grebo", ["gbp"] = "Gbaya-Bossangoa", ["gbq"] = "Gbaya-Bozoum", ["gbr"] = "Gbagyi", ["gbs"] = "Gbesi Gbe", ["gbu"] = "Gagadu", ["gbv"] = "Gbanu", ["gbw"] = "Gabi", ["gbx"] = "Eastern Xwla Gbe", ["gby"] = "Gbari", ["gcc"] = "Mali", ["gcd"] = "Ganggalida", ["gce"] = "Galice", ["gcf"] = "Antillean Creole", ["gcl"] = "Grenadian Creole English", ["gcn"] = "Gaina", ["gcr"] = "Guianese Creole", ["gct"] = "Colonia Tovar German", ["gd"] = "แกลิกแบบสกอตแลนด์", ["gdb"] = "Ollari", ["gdc"] = "Gugu Badhun", ["gdd"] = "Gedaged", ["gde"] = "Gude", ["gdf"] = "Guduf-Gava", ["gdg"] = "Ga'dang", ["gdh"] = "Gadjerawang", ["gdi"] = "Gundi", ["gdj"] = "Kurtjar", ["gdk"] = "Gadang", ["gdl"] = "Dirasha", ["gdm"] = "Laal", ["gdn"] = "Umanakaina", ["gdo"] = "Godoberi", ["gdq"] = "Mehri", ["gdr"] = "Wipi", ["gds"] = "Ghandruk Sign Language", ["gdt"] = "Kungardutyi", ["gdu"] = "Gudu", ["gdx"] = "Godwari", ["gea"] = "Geruma", ["geb"] = "Kire", ["gec"] = "Gboloo Grebo", ["ged"] = "Gade", ["geg"] = "Gengle", ["geh"] = "Hutterisch", ["gei"] = "Gebe", ["gej"] = "Gen", ["gek"] = "Gerka", ["gel"] = "Fakkanci", ["gem-pro"] = "เจอร์แมนิกดั้งเดิม", ["geq"] = "Geme", ["ges"] = "Geser-Gorom", ["gev"] = "Viya", ["gew"] = "Gera", ["gex"] = "Garre", ["gey"] = "Enya", ["gez"] = "กืออึซ", ["gfk"] = "Patpatar", ["gft"] = "Gafat", ["gga"] = "Gao", ["ggb"] = "Gbii", ["ggd"] = "Gugadj", ["gge"] = "Guragone", ["ggg"] = "Gurgula", ["ggk"] = "Kungarakany", ["ggl"] = "Ganglau", ["ggn"] = "Eastern Gurung", ["ggt"] = "Gitua", ["ggu"] = "Gban", ["ggw"] = "Gogodala", ["gha"] = "Ghadames", ["ghc"] = "แกลิกคลาสสิก", ["ghe"] = "Southern Ghale", ["ghh"] = "Northern Ghale", ["ghk"] = "Geko Karen", ["ghl"] = "Ghulfan", ["ghn"] = "Ghanongga", ["gho"] = "Ghomara", ["ghr"] = "Ghera", ["ghs"] = "Guhu-Samane", ["ght"] = "Kutang Ghale", ["gia"] = "Kitja", ["gib"] = "Gibanawa", ["gid"] = "Gidar", ["gie"] = "Guébie", ["gig"] = "Goaria", ["gih"] = "Githabul", ["gii"] = "Girirra", ["gil"] = "กิลเบิร์ต", ["gim"] = "Gimi (Papuan)", ["gin"] = "Hinukh", ["gip"] = "Gimi (Austronesian)", ["giq"] = "Green Gelao", ["gir"] = "Red Gelao", ["gis"] = "North Giziga", ["git"] = "Gitxsan", ["giu"] = "Mulao", ["giw"] = "White Gelao", ["gix"] = "Gilima", ["giy"] = "Giyug", ["giz"] = "South Giziga", ["gji"] = "Geji", ["gjk"] = "Kachi Koli", ["gjm"] = "Gunditjmara", ["gjn"] = "Gonja", ["gjr"] = "Gurindji Kriol", ["gju"] = "Gojri", ["gka"] = "Guya", ["gkd"] = "Magɨ", ["gke"] = "Ndai", ["gkn"] = "Gokana", ["gko"] = "Kok-Nar", ["gkp"] = "Guinea Kpelle", ["gl"] = "กาลิเซีย", ["glc"] = "Bon Gula", ["gld"] = "Nanai", ["glh"] = "Northwest Pashayi", ["glj"] = "Kulaal", ["glk"] = "Gilaki", ["glo"] = "Galambu", ["glr"] = "Glaro-Twabo", ["glu"] = "Gula", ["glw"] = "Glavda", ["gly"] = "Gule", ["gma"] = "Gambera", ["gmb"] = "Gula'alaa", ["gmd"] = "Mághdì", ["gme-bur"] = "Burgundian", ["gme-cgo"] = "กอทแบบไครเมีย", ["gmg"] = "Magiyi", ["gmh"] = "เยอรมันสูงกลาง", ["gml"] = "เยอรมันต่ำกลาง", ["gmm"] = "Gbaya-Mbodomo", ["gmn"] = "Gimnime", ["gmq-gut"] = "Gutnish", ["gmq-jmk"] = "Jamtish", ["gmq-mno"] = "นอร์เวย์กลาง", ["gmq-oda"] = "เดนมาร์กเก่า", ["gmq-ogt"] = "Old Gutnish", ["gmq-osw"] = "สวีเดนเก่า", ["gmq-pro"] = "นอร์สดั้งเดิม", ["gmq-scy"] = "Scanian", ["gmr"] = "Mirning", ["gmu"] = "Gumalu", ["gmv"] = "กาโม", ["gmw-bgh"] = "Bergish", ["gmw-cfr"] = "ฟรังโกเนียตอนกลาง", ["gmw-ecg"] = "เยอรมันตอนกลางตะวันออก", ["gmw-fin"] = "Fingallian", ["gmw-gts"] = "Gottscheerish", ["gmw-jdt"] = "Jersey Dutch", ["gmw-msc"] = "Middle Scots", ["gmw-pro"] = "เจอร์แมนิกตะวันตกดั้งเดิม", ["gmw-rfr"] = "ฟรังโกเนียแบบไรน์", ["gmw-stm"] = "Sathmar Swabian", ["gmw-tsx"] = "Transylvanian Saxon", ["gmw-vog"] = "เยอรมันแบบว็อลกา", ["gmw-zps"] = "เยอรมันแบบซิพเซอร์", ["gmx"] = "Magoma", ["gmy"] = "กรีกแบบไมซีนี", ["gmz"] = "Mgbo", ["gn-cls"] = "กัวรานีคลาสสิก", ["gna"] = "Kaansa", ["gnb"] = "Gangte", ["gnc"] = "Guanche", ["gnd"] = "Zulgo-Gemzek", ["gne"] = "Ganang", ["gng"] = "Ngangam", ["gnh"] = "Lere", ["gni"] = "กูนียันดี", ["gnj"] = "Ngen of Djonkro", ["gnk"] = "ǁGana", ["gnl"] = "Gangulu", ["gnm"] = "Ginuman", ["gnn"] = "Gumatj", ["gnq"] = "Gana", ["gnr"] = "Gureng Gureng", ["gnt"] = "Guntai", ["gnu"] = "Gnau", ["gnw"] = "Western Bolivian Guarani", ["gnz"] = "Ganzi", ["goa"] = "Guro", ["gob"] = "Playero", ["goc"] = "Gorakor", ["god"] = "Godié", ["goe"] = "Gongduk", ["gof"] = "โกฟา", ["gog"] = "Gogo", ["goh"] = "เยอรมันสูงเก่า", ["goi"] = "Gobasi", ["goj"] = "Gowlan", ["gol"] = "Gola", ["gon"] = "โคณฑี", ["goo"] = "Gone Dau", ["gop"] = "Yeretuar", ["goq"] = "Gorap", ["gor"] = "Gorontalo", ["got"] = "กอท", ["gou"] = "Gavar", ["gov"] = "Goo", ["gow"] = "Gorwaa", ["gox"] = "Gobu", ["goy"] = "Goundo", ["goz"] = "Gozarkhani", ["gpa"] = "Gupa-Abawa", ["gpn"] = "Taiap", ["gqa"] = "Ga'anda", ["gqi"] = "Guiqiong", ["gqn"] = "Kinikinao", ["gqr"] = "Gor", ["gqu"] = "Qau", ["gra"] = "Rajput Garasia", ["grc"] = "กรีกโบราณ", ["grd"] = "Guruntum", ["grg"] = "Madi", ["grh"] = "Gbiri-Niragu", ["gri"] = "Ghari", ["grj"] = "Southern Grebo", ["grk-cal"] = "Calabrian Greek", ["grk-ita"] = "Italiot Greek", ["grk-mar"] = "Mariupol Greek", ["grk-pro"] = "เฮลเลนิกดั้งเดิม", ["grm"] = "Kota Marudu Talantang", ["gro"] = "Groma", ["grq"] = "Gorovu", ["grs"] = "Gresi", ["grt"] = "กาโร", ["gru"] = "Kistane", ["grv"] = "Central Grebo", ["grw"] = "Gweda", ["grx"] = "Guriaso", ["gry"] = "Barclayville Grebo", ["grz"] = "Guramalum", ["gse"] = "Ghanaian Sign Language", ["gsg"] = "German Sign Language", ["gsl"] = "Gusilay", ["gsm"] = "Guatemalan Sign Language", ["gsn"] = "Gusan", ["gso"] = "Southwest Gbaya", ["gsp"] = "Wasembo", ["gss"] = "Greek Sign Language", ["gsw"] = "เยอรมันแบบอลามันเนีย", ["gta"] = "Guató", ["gtu"] = "Aghu Tharrnggala", ["gu"] = "คุชราต", ["gua"] = "Shiki", ["gub"] = "Guajajára", ["guc"] = "Wayuu", ["gud"] = "Yocoboué Dida", ["gue"] = "Gurindji", ["guf"] = "Gupapuyngu", ["gug"] = "กัวรานีแบบปารากวัย", ["guh"] = "Guahibo", ["gui"] = "Eastern Bolivian Guarani", ["guk"] = "Gumuz", ["gul"] = "Gullah", ["gum"] = "Guambiano", ["gun"] = "Mbya Guarani", ["guo"] = "Guayabero", ["gup"] = "Gunwinggu", ["guq"] = "Aché", ["gur"] = "ฟราฟรา", ["gus"] = "Guinean Sign Language", ["gut"] = "Maléku Jaíka", ["guu"] = "Yanomamö", ["guv"] = "Gey", ["guw"] = "Gun", ["gux"] = "Gourmanchéma", ["guz"] = "Gusii", ["gv"] = "แมงซ์", ["gva"] = "Kaskihá", ["gvc"] = "Guanano", ["gve"] = "Duwet", ["gvf"] = "Golin", ["gvj"] = "Guajá", ["gvl"] = "Gulay", ["gvm"] = "Gurmana", ["gvn"] = "Kuku-Yalanji", ["gvo"] = "Gavião do Jiparaná", ["gvp"] = "Pará Gavião", ["gvr"] = "Western Gurung", ["gvs"] = "Gumawana", ["gvy"] = "Guyani", ["gwa"] = "Mbato", ["gwb"] = "Gwa", ["gwc"] = "Kalami", ["gwd"] = "Gawwada", ["gwe"] = "Gweno", ["gwf"] = "Gowro", ["gwg"] = "Moo", ["gwi"] = "Gwich'in", ["gwj"] = "Gcwi", ["gwm"] = "Awngthim", ["gwn"] = "Gwandara", ["gwr"] = "Gwere", ["gwt"] = "Gawar-Bati", ["gwu"] = "Guwamu", ["gww"] = "Kwini", ["gwx"] = "Gua", ["gxx"] = "Wè Southern", ["gya"] = "Northwest Gbaya", ["gyb"] = "Garus", ["gyd"] = "Kayardild", ["gye"] = "Gyem", ["gyf"] = "Gungabula", ["gyg"] = "Gbayi", ["gyi"] = "Gyele", ["gyl"] = "Gayil", ["gym"] = "Ngäbere", ["gyn"] = "Guyanese Creole English", ["gyo"] = "Gyalsumdo", ["gyr"] = "Guarayu", ["gyy"] = "Gunya", ["gza"] = "Ganza", ["gzn"] = "Gane", ["ha"] = "เฮาซา", ["haa"] = "Hän", ["hab"] = "Hanoi Sign Language", ["hac"] = "Gurani", ["had"] = "Hatam", ["haf"] = "Haiphong Sign Language", ["hag"] = "Hanga", ["hah"] = "Hahon", ["hai"] = "Haida", ["haj"] = "ฮาชอง", ["hak"] = "แคะ", ["hal"] = "Halang", ["ham"] = "Hewa", ["hao"] = "Hakö", ["hap"] = "Hupla", ["har"] = "Harari", ["has"] = "Haisla", ["hav"] = "Havu", ["haw"] = "ฮาวาย", ["hax"] = "Southern Haida", ["hay"] = "Haya", ["hba"] = "Hamba", ["hbb"] = "Huba", ["hbn"] = "Heiban", ["hbu"] = "Habu", ["hca"] = "Andaman Creole Hindi", ["hch"] = "Huichol", ["hdn"] = "Northern Haida", ["hds"] = "Honduras Sign Language", ["hdy"] = "Hadiyya", ["he"] = "ฮีบรู", ["hea"] = "Northern Qiandong Miao", ["hed"] = "Herdé", ["heg"] = "Helong", ["heh"] = "Hehe", ["hei"] = "Heiltsuk", ["hem"] = "Hemba", ["hgm"] = "Haiǁom", ["hgw"] = "Haigwai", ["hhi"] = "Hoia Hoia", ["hhr"] = "Kerak", ["hhy"] = "Hoyahoya", ["hi"] = "ฮินดี", ["hia"] = "Lamang", ["hib"] = "Hibito", ["hid"] = "Hidatsa", ["hif"] = "ฮินดีแบบฟีจี", ["hig"] = "Kamwe", ["hih"] = "Pamosu", ["hii"] = "Hinduri", ["hij"] = "Hijuk", ["hik"] = "Seit-Kaitetu", ["hil"] = "ฮีลีไกโนน", ["hio"] = "Tshwa", ["hir"] = "Himarimã", ["hit"] = "Hittite", ["hiw"] = "Hiw", ["hix"] = "Hixkaryana", ["hji"] = "Haji", ["hka"] = "Kahe", ["hke"] = "Hunde", ["hkh"] = "Pogali", ["hkk"] = "Hunjara-Kaina Ke", ["hkn"] = "Mel-Khaonh", ["hks"] = "Hong Kong Sign Language", ["hla"] = "Halia", ["hlb"] = "Halbi", ["hld"] = "Halang Doan", ["hle"] = "Hlersu", ["hlt"] = "Nga La", ["hma"] = "Southern Mashan Hmong", ["hmb"] = "Humburi Senni", ["hmc"] = "Central Huishui Hmong", ["hmd"] = "A-Hmao", ["hme"] = "Eastern Huishui Hmong", ["hmf"] = "Hmong Don", ["hmg"] = "Southwestern Guiyang Hmong", ["hmh"] = "Southwestern Huishui Hmong", ["hmi"] = "Northern Huishui Hmong", ["hmj"] = "Ge", ["hmk"] = "Yemaek", ["hml"] = "Luopohe Hmong", ["hmm"] = "Central Mashan Hmong", ["hmn-pro"] = "ม้งดั้งเดิม", ["hmp"] = "Northern Mashan Hmong", ["hmq"] = "Eastern Qiandong Miao", ["hmr"] = "Hmar", ["hms"] = "Southern Qiandong Miao", ["hmt"] = "Hamtai", ["hmu"] = "Hamap", ["hmv"] = "Hmong Dô", ["hmw"] = "Western Mashan Hmong", ["hmx-mie-pro"] = "เมี่ยนดั้งเดิม", ["hmx-pro"] = "ม้ง-เมี่ยนดั้งเดิม", ["hmy"] = "Southern Guiyang Hmong", ["hmz"] = "Hmong Shua", ["hna"] = "Mina", ["hnd"] = "Southern Hindko", ["hne"] = "Chhattisgarhi", ["hnh"] = "ǁAni", ["hni"] = "Hani", ["hnj"] = "ม้งเขียว", ["hnm"] = "ไหหลำ", ["hnn"] = "ฮานูโนโอ", ["hno"] = "Northern Hindko", ["hns"] = "ฮินดูสตานีแบบแคริบเบียน", ["hnu"] = "Hung", ["ho"] = "ฮีรีโมตู", ["hoa"] = "Hoava", ["hob"] = "Austronesian Mari", ["hoc"] = "Ho", ["hod"] = "Holma", ["hoe"] = "Horom", ["hoh"] = "Hobyót", ["hoi"] = "Holikachuk", ["hoj"] = "Hadoti", ["hol"] = "Holu", ["hom"] = "Homa", ["hoo"] = "Holoholo", ["hop"] = "Hopi", ["hor"] = "Horo", ["hos"] = "Ho Chi Minh City Sign Language", ["hot"] = "Hote", ["hov"] = "Hovongan", ["how"] = "Honi", ["hoy"] = "Holiya", ["hoz"] = "Hozo", ["hpo"] = "Hpon", ["hps"] = "Hawai'i Pidgin Sign Language", ["hra"] = "Hrangkhol", ["hrc"] = "Niwer Mil", ["hre"] = "Hrê", ["hrk"] = "Haruku", ["hrm"] = "Horned Miao", ["hro"] = "Haroi", ["hrp"] = "Nhirrpi", ["hrt"] = "Hértevin", ["hru"] = "Hruso", ["hrw"] = "Warwar Feni", ["hrx"] = "ฮุนสริก", ["hrz"] = "Harzani", ["hsb"] = "ซอร์เบียตอนบน", ["hsh"] = "Hungarian Sign Language", ["hsl"] = "Hausa Sign Language", ["hsn"] = "เซียง", ["hss"] = "Harsusi", ["ht"] = "ครีโอลเฮติ", ["hti"] = "Hoti", ["hto"] = "Minica Huitoto", ["hts"] = "Hadza", ["htu"] = "Hitu", ["hu"] = "ฮังการี", ["hub"] = "Huambisa", ["huc"] = "ǂHoan", ["hud"] = "Huaulu", ["huf"] = "Humene", ["hug"] = "Huachipaeri", ["huh"] = "Huilliche", ["hui"] = "Huli", ["huj"] = "Northern Guiyang Hmong", ["huk"] = "Hulung", ["hul"] = "Hula", ["hum"] = "Hungana", ["huo"] = "Hu", ["hup"] = "Hupa", ["huq"] = "Tsat", ["hur"] = "Halkomelem", ["hus"] = "Wastek", ["huu"] = "Murui Huitoto", ["huv"] = "Huave", ["huw"] = "Hukumina", ["hux"] = "Nüpode Huitoto", ["huy"] = "Hulaulá", ["huz"] = "Hunzib", ["hvc"] = "Haitian Vodoun Culture Language", ["hvk"] = "Haveke", ["hvn"] = "Sabu", ["hwa"] = "Wané", ["hwc"] = "Hawaiian Creole", ["hwo"] = "Hwana", ["hy"] = "อาร์มีเนีย", ["hya"] = "Hya", ["hyx-pro"] = "อาร์มีเนียนดั้งเดิม", ["hz"] = "เฮเรโร", ["ia"] = "อินเทอร์ลิงกวา", ["iai"] = "Iaai", ["ian"] = "Iatmul", ["iar"] = "Purari", ["iba"] = "อีบัน", ["ibb"] = "Ibibio", ["ibd"] = "Iwaidja", ["ibe"] = "Akpes", ["ibg"] = "Ibanag", ["ibh"] = "Bih", ["ibl"] = "Ibaloi", ["ibm"] = "Agoi", ["ibn"] = "Ibino", ["ibr"] = "Ibuoro", ["ibu"] = "Ibu", ["iby"] = "Ibani", ["ica"] = "Ede Ica", ["ich"] = "Etkywan", ["icl"] = "Icelandic Sign Language", ["icr"] = "Islander Creole English", ["id"] = "อินโดนีเซีย", ["ida"] = "Idakho-Isukha-Tiriki", ["idb"] = "Indo-Portuguese", ["idc"] = "Idon", ["idd"] = "Ede Idaca", ["ide"] = "Idere", ["idi"] = "Idi", ["idr"] = "Indri", ["ids"] = "Idesa", ["idt"] = "Idaté", ["idu"] = "Idoma", ["ie"] = "อินเทร์ลิงเกว", ["ifa"] = "Amganad Ifugao", ["ifb"] = "Batad Ifugao", ["ife"] = "Ifè", ["iff"] = "Ifo", ["ifk"] = "Tuwali Ifugao", ["ifm"] = "Teke-Fuumu", ["ifu"] = "Mayoyao Ifugao", ["ify"] = "Keley-I Kallahan", ["ig"] = "อิกโบ", ["igb"] = "Ebira", ["ige"] = "Igede", ["igg"] = "Igana", ["igl"] = "Igala", ["igm"] = "Kanggape", ["ign"] = "Ignaciano", ["igo"] = "Isebe", ["igs"] = "Glosa", ["igw"] = "Igwe", ["ihb"] = "Pidgin Iha", ["ihi"] = "Ihievbe", ["ihp"] = "Iha", ["ii"] = "นอซู", ["iir-nur-pro"] = "Proto-Nuristani", ["iir-pro"] = "อินโด-อิเรเนียนดั้งเดิม", ["ijc"] = "Izon", ["ije"] = "Biseni", ["ijj"] = "Ede Ije", ["ijn"] = "Kalabari", ["ijo-pro"] = "Proto-Ijoid", ["ijs"] = "Southeast Ijo", ["ik"] = "Inupiaq", ["ike"] = "Eastern Canadian Inuktitut", ["iki"] = "Iko", ["ikk"] = "Ika", ["ikl"] = "Ikulu", ["iko"] = "Olulumo-Ikom", ["ikp"] = "Ikpeshi", ["ikr"] = "Ikaranggal", ["iks"] = "Inuit Sign Language", ["ikt"] = "Inuvialuktun", ["ikv"] = "Iku-Gora-Ankwa", ["ikw"] = "Ikwere", ["ikx"] = "Ik", ["ikz"] = "Ikizu", ["ila"] = "Ile Ape", ["ilb"] = "Ila", ["ilg"] = "Ilgar", ["ili"] = "Ili Turki", ["ilk"] = "Ilongot", ["ill"] = "อีรานุน", ["ilo"] = "อีโลกาโน", ["ils"] = "International Sign", ["ilu"] = "Ili'uun", ["ilv"] = "Ilue", ["ima"] = "Mala Malasar", ["imi"] = "Anamgura", ["iml"] = "Miluk", ["imn"] = "Imonda", ["imo"] = "Imbongu", ["imr"] = "Imroing", ["ims"] = "Marsian", ["imy"] = "Milyan", ["inb"] = "Inga", ["inc-apa"] = "Apabhramsa", ["inc-ash"] = "ปรากฤตแบบอโศก", ["inc-dng-pro"] = "Proto-Dangari", ["inc-kam"] = "กามรูป", ["inc-kho"] = "Kholosi", ["inc-krd-pro"] = "Proto-Kamta", ["inc-mas"] = "อัสสัมกลาง", ["inc-mbn"] = "เบงกอลกลาง", ["inc-mgu"] = "คุชราตกลาง", ["inc-mor"] = "โอริยากลาง", ["inc-oas"] = "อัสสัมช่วงต้น", ["inc-oaw"] = "Old Awadhi", ["inc-obn"] = "เบงกอลเก่า", ["inc-ogu"] = "คุชราตเก่า", ["inc-ohi"] = "ฮินดีเก่า", ["inc-oor"] = "โอริยาเก่า", ["inc-opa"] = "ปัญจาบเก่า", ["inc-pro"] = "อินโด-อารยันดั้งเดิม", ["ine-ana-pro"] = "อานาโตเลียนดั้งเดิม", ["ine-bsl-pro"] = "บอลโต-สลาวิกดั้งเดิม", ["ine-kal"] = "Kalašma", ["ine-pae"] = "Paeonian", ["ine-pro"] = "อินโด-ยูโรเปียนดั้งเดิม", ["ine-toc-pro"] = "โทแคเรียนดั้งเดิม", ["ing"] = "Deg Xinag", ["inh"] = "อิงกุช", ["inj"] = "Jungle Inga", ["inl"] = "มืออินโดนีเซีย", ["inm"] = "Minaean", ["inn"] = "Isinai", ["ino"] = "Inoke-Yate", ["inp"] = "Iñapari", ["ins"] = "มืออินเดีย", ["int"] = "Intha", ["inz"] = "Ineseño", ["io"] = "อีโด", ["ior"] = "Inor", ["iou"] = "Tuma-Irumu", ["iow"] = "Chiwere", ["ipi"] = "Ipili", ["ipo"] = "Ipiko", ["iqu"] = "Iquito", ["iqw"] = "Ikwo", ["ira-kms-pro"] = "Proto-Komisenian", ["ira-mny-pro"] = "Proto-Munji-Yidgha", ["ira-mpr-pro"] = "Proto-Medo-Parthian", ["ira-pat-pro"] = "ปาทานดั้งเดิม", ["ira-pro"] = "อิเรเนียนดั้งเดิม", ["ira-sgc-pro"] = "ซอกดิกดั้งเดิม", ["ira-sgi-pro"] = "Proto-Sanglechi-Ishkashimi", ["ira-shr-pro"] = "Proto-Shughni-Roshani", ["ira-shy-pro"] = "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami", ["ira-sym-pro"] = "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji", ["ira-wnj"] = "Vanji", ["ira-zgr-pro"] = "Proto-Zaza-Gorani", ["ire"] = "Iresim", ["irh"] = "Irarutu", ["iri"] = "Rigwe", ["irk"] = "Iraqw", ["irn"] = "Irantxe", ["iro-ere"] = "Erie", ["iro-min"] = "Mingo", ["iro-nor-pro"] = "Proto-North Iroquoian", ["iro-pro"] = "Proto-Iroquoian", ["irr"] = "Ir", ["iru"] = "Irula", ["irx"] = "Kamberau", ["iry"] = "Iraya", ["is"] = "ไอซ์แลนด์", ["isa"] = "Isabi", ["isc"] = "Isconahua", ["isd"] = "Isnag", ["ise"] = "Italian Sign Language", ["isg"] = "Irish Sign Language", ["ish"] = "Esan", ["isi"] = "Nkem-Nkum", ["isk"] = "Ishkashimi", ["ism"] = "Masimasi", ["isn"] = "Isanzu", ["iso"] = "Isoko", ["isr"] = "Israeli Sign Language", ["ist"] = "อิสเตรีย", ["isu"] = "Isu", ["isv"] = "Interslavic", ["it"] = "อิตาลี", ["itb"] = "Binongan Itneg", ["itc-pro"] = "อิตาลิกดั้งเดิม", ["itc-psa"] = "Pre-Samnite", ["itd"] = "Southern Tidung", ["ite"] = "Itene", ["iti"] = "Inlaod Itneg", ["itk"] = "Judeo-Italian", ["itl"] = "Itelmen", ["itm"] = "Itu Mbon Uzo", ["ito"] = "Itonama", ["itr"] = "Iteri", ["its"] = "Itsekiri", ["itt"] = "Maeng Itneg", ["itv"] = "Itawit", ["itw"] = "Ito", ["itx"] = "Itik", ["ity"] = "Moyadan Itneg", ["itz"] = "Itza'", ["iu"] = "อินุกติตุต", ["ium"] = "อิ้วเมี่ยน", ["ivb"] = "Ibatan", ["ivv"] = "Ivatan", ["iwk"] = "I-Wak", ["iwm"] = "Iwam", ["iwo"] = "Iwur", ["iws"] = "Sepik Iwam", ["ixc"] = "Ixcatec", ["ixl"] = "Ixil", ["iya"] = "Iyayu", ["iyo"] = "Mesaka", ["iyx"] = "Yaa", ["izh"] = "อิงเกรีย", ["izi"] = "Izi-Ezaa-Ikwo-Mgbo", ["izr"] = "Izere", ["izz"] = "Izi", ["ja"] = "ญี่ปุ่น", ["jaa"] = "Jamamadí", ["jab"] = "Hyam", ["jac"] = "Jakaltek", ["jad"] = "Jahanka", ["jae"] = "Jabem", ["jaf"] = "Jara", ["jah"] = "Jah Hut", ["jaj"] = "Zazao", ["jal"] = "Yalahatan", ["jam"] = "ครีโอลจาเมกา", ["jan"] = "Janday", ["jao"] = "Yanyuwa", ["jaq"] = "Yaqay", ["jas"] = "ชวาแบบนิวแคลิโดเนีย", ["jat"] = "Jakati", ["jau"] = "Yaur", ["jax"] = "Jambi Malay", ["jay"] = "Yan-nhangu", ["jaz"] = "Jawe", ["jbj"] = "Arandai", ["jbk"] = "Barikewa", ["jbn"] = "Nefusa", ["jbo"] = "โลจบาน", ["jbr"] = "Jofotek-Bromnya", ["jbt"] = "Jabutí", ["jbu"] = "Jukun Takum", ["jbw"] = "Yawijibaya", ["jcs"] = "Jamaican Country Sign Language", ["jct"] = "Krymchak", ["jda"] = "Jad", ["jdg"] = "Jadgali", ["jdt"] = "Judeo-Tat", ["jeb"] = "Jebero", ["jee"] = "Jerung", ["jeg"] = "Jeng", ["jeh"] = "Jeh", ["jei"] = "Yei", ["jek"] = "Jeri Kuo", ["jel"] = "Yelmek", ["jen"] = "Dza", ["jer"] = "Jere", ["jet"] = "Manem", ["jeu"] = "Jonkor Bourmataguil", ["jgb"] = "Ngbee", ["jgk"] = "Gwak", ["jgo"] = "Ngomba", ["jhi"] = "Jehai", ["jhs"] = "Jhankot Sign Language", ["jia"] = "Jina", ["jib"] = "Jibu", ["jic"] = "Tol", ["jid"] = "Bu", ["jie"] = "Jilbe", ["jig"] = "Jingulu", ["jih"] = "Shangzhai", ["jii"] = "Jiiddu", ["jil"] = "Jilim", ["jim"] = "Jimjimen", ["jio"] = "เจียเม่า", ["jiq"] = "Khroskyabs", ["jit"] = "Jita", ["jiu"] = "Youle Jino", ["jiv"] = "Shuar", ["jiy"] = "Buyuan Jino", ["jje"] = "เชจู", ["jjr"] = "Zhár", ["jka"] = "Kaera", ["jko"] = "Kubo", ["jkp"] = "Paku Karen", ["jkr"] = "Koro (India)", ["jku"] = "Labir", ["jle"] = "Ngile", ["jls"] = "Jamaican Sign Language", ["jma"] = "Dima", ["jmb"] = "Zumbun", ["jmc"] = "Machame", ["jmd"] = "Yamdena", ["jmi"] = "Jimi", ["jml"] = "Jumli", ["jmn"] = "Makuri Naga", ["jmr"] = "Kamara", ["jmw"] = "Mouwase", ["jmx"] = "Western Juxtlahuaca Mixtec", ["jna"] = "Jangshung", ["jnd"] = "Jandavra", ["jng"] = "Yangman", ["jni"] = "Janji", ["jnj"] = "Yemsa", ["jnl"] = "Rawat", ["jns"] = "Jaunsari", ["job"] = "Joba", ["jod"] = "Wojenaka", ["jor"] = "Jorá", ["jos"] = "Jordanian Sign Language", ["jow"] = "Jowulu", ["jpr"] = "Judeo-Persian", ["jpx-hcj"] = "Hachijō", ["jpx-pro"] = "แจพอนิกดั้งเดิม", ["jpx-ryu-pro"] = "Proto-Ryukyuan", ["jqr"] = "Jaqaru", ["jra"] = "Jarai", ["jrr"] = "Jiru", ["jru"] = "Japrería", ["jsl"] = "Japanese Sign Language", ["jua"] = "Júma", ["jub"] = "Wannu", ["juc"] = "จูร์เชน", ["jud"] = "Worodougou", ["juh"] = "Hone", ["jui"] = "Ngadjuri", ["juk"] = "Wapan", ["jul"] = "Jirel", ["jum"] = "Jumjum", ["jun"] = "Juang", ["juo"] = "Jiba", ["jup"] = "Hupdë", ["jur"] = "Jurúna", ["jus"] = "Jumla Sign Language", ["jut"] = "Jutish", ["juu"] = "Ju", ["juw"] = "Wãpha", ["juy"] = "Juray", ["jv"] = "ชวา", ["jvd"] = "Javindo", ["jvn"] = "ชวาแบบแคริบเบียน", ["jwi"] = "Jwira-Pepesa", ["jyy"] = "Jaya", ["ka"] = "จอร์เจีย", ["kaa"] = "การากัลปัก", ["kab"] = "กะไบล์", ["kac"] = "จิ่งเผาะ", ["kad"] = "Kadara", ["kae"] = "Ketangalan", ["kaf"] = "Katso", ["kag"] = "Kajaman", ["kah"] = "Fer", ["kai"] = "Karekare", ["kaj"] = "Jju", ["kak"] = "Kayapa Kallahan", ["kam"] = "Kamba", ["kao"] = "Kassonke", ["kap"] = "Bezhta", ["kaq"] = "Capanahua", ["kar-pro"] = "กะเหรี่ยงดั้งเดิม", ["kaw"] = "ชวาเก่า", ["kax"] = "Kao", ["kay"] = "Kamayurá", ["kba"] = "Kalarko", ["kbb"] = "Kaxuyana", ["kbc"] = "Kadiwéu", ["kbd"] = "คาบาร์เดีย", ["kbe"] = "Kanju", ["kbh"] = "Camsá", ["kbi"] = "Kaptiau", ["kbj"] = "Kari", ["kbk"] = "Grass Koiari", ["kbm"] = "Iwal", ["kbn"] = "Kare (Central Africa)", ["kbo"] = "Keliko", ["kbp"] = "Kabiyé", ["kbq"] = "Kamano", ["kbr"] = "Kafa", ["kbs"] = "Kande", ["kbt"] = "Gabadi", ["kbu"] = "Kabutra", ["kbv"] = "Kamberataro", ["kbw"] = "Kaiep", ["kbx"] = "Ap Ma", ["kbz"] = "Duhwa", ["kca-eas"] = "Eastern Khanty", ["kca-nor"] = "Northern Khanty", ["kca-pro"] = "Proto-Khanty", ["kca-sou"] = "Southern Khanty", ["kcb"] = "Kawacha", ["kcc"] = "Lubila", ["kcd"] = "Ngkâlmpw Kanum", ["kce"] = "Kaivi", ["kcf"] = "Ukaan", ["kcg"] = "Tyap", ["kch"] = "Vono", ["kci"] = "Kamantan", ["kcj"] = "Kobiana", ["kck"] = "Kalanga", ["kcl"] = "Kala", ["kcm"] = "Tar Gula", ["kcn"] = "Nubi", ["kco"] = "Kinalakna", ["kcp"] = "Kanga", ["kcq"] = "Kamo", ["kcr"] = "Katla", ["kcs"] = "Koenoem", ["kct"] = "Kaian", ["kcu"] = "Kikami", ["kcv"] = "Kete", ["kcw"] = "Kabwari", ["kcx"] = "Kachama-Ganjule", ["kcy"] = "Korandje", ["kcz"] = "Konongo", ["kda"] = "Worimi", ["kdc"] = "Kutu", ["kdd"] = "Yankunytjatjara", ["kde"] = "Makonde", ["kdf"] = "Mamusi", ["kdg"] = "Seba", ["kdh"] = "Tem", ["kdi"] = "Kumam", ["kdj"] = "Karamojong", ["kdk"] = "Numèè", ["kdl"] = "Tsikimba", ["kdm"] = "Kagoma", ["kdn"] = "Kunda", ["kdp"] = "Kaningdon-Nindem", ["kdq"] = "Koch", ["kdr"] = "Karaim", ["kdt"] = "กูย", ["kdu"] = "Kadaru", ["kdv"] = "Kado", ["kdw"] = "Koneraw", ["kdx"] = "Kam", ["kdy"] = "Keder", ["kdz"] = "Kwaja", ["kea"] = "ครีโอลกาบูเวร์ดี", ["keb"] = "Kélé", ["kec"] = "Keiga", ["ked"] = "Kerewe", ["kee"] = "Eastern Keres", ["kef"] = "Kpessi", ["keg"] = "Tese", ["keh"] = "Keak", ["kei"] = "Kei", ["kej"] = "Kadar", ["kek"] = "Q'eqchi", ["kel"] = "Kela-Yela", ["kem"] = "Kemak", ["ken"] = "Kenyang", ["keo"] = "Kakwa", ["kep"] = "Kaikadi", ["keq"] = "Kamar", ["ker"] = "Kera", ["kes"] = "Kugbo", ["ket"] = "Ket", ["keu"] = "Akebu", ["kev"] = "Kanikkaran", ["kew"] = "Kewa", ["kex"] = "Kukna", ["key"] = "Kupia", ["kez"] = "Kukele", ["kfa"] = "Kodava", ["kfb"] = "Kolami", ["kfc"] = "Konda-Dora", ["kfd"] = "Korra Koraga", ["kfe"] = "Kota (India)", ["kff"] = "Koya", ["kfg"] = "Kudiya", ["kfh"] = "Kurichiya", ["kfi"] = "Kannada Kurumba", ["kfj"] = "Kemiehua", ["kfk"] = "Kinnauri", ["kfl"] = "Kung", ["kfn"] = "Kuk", ["kfo"] = "Koro (West Africa)", ["kfp"] = "Korwa", ["kfq"] = "Korku", ["kfr"] = "กัจฉ์", ["kfs"] = "Bilaspuri", ["kft"] = "Kanjari", ["kfu"] = "Katkari", ["kfv"] = "Kurmukar", ["kfw"] = "Kharam Naga", ["kfx"] = "Kullu Pahari", ["kfy"] = "Kumaoni", ["kfz"] = "Koromfé", ["kg"] = "คองโก", ["kga"] = "Koyaga", ["kgb"] = "Kawe", ["kgd"] = "Kataang", ["kge"] = "Komering", ["kgf"] = "Kube", ["kgg"] = "Kusunda", ["kgi"] = "Selangor Sign Language", ["kgj"] = "Gamale Kham", ["kgk"] = "Kaiwá", ["kgl"] = "Kunggari", ["kgn"] = "Karingani", ["kgo"] = "Krongo", ["kgp"] = "Kaingang", ["kgq"] = "Kamoro", ["kgr"] = "Abun", ["kgs"] = "Kumbainggar", ["kgt"] = "Somyev", ["kgu"] = "Kobol", ["kgv"] = "Karas", ["kgw"] = "Karon Dori", ["kgx"] = "Kamaru", ["kgy"] = "Kyerung", ["kha"] = "คาซี", ["khb"] = "ไทลื้อ", ["khc"] = "Tukang Besi North", ["khd"] = "Bädi Kanum", ["khe"] = "Korowai", ["khf"] = "Khuen", ["khh"] = "Kehu", ["khi-kho-pro"] = "Proto-Khoe", ["khi-kun"] = "ǃKung", ["khj"] = "Kuturmi", ["khl"] = "Lusi", ["khn"] = "Khandeshi", ["kho"] = "โคตาน", ["khp"] = "Kapauri", ["khq"] = "Koyra Chiini", ["khr"] = "Kharia", ["khs"] = "Kasua", ["kht"] = "คำตี้", ["khu"] = "Nkhumbi", ["khv"] = "Khvarshi", ["khw"] = "Khowar", ["khx"] = "Kanu", ["khy"] = "Ekele", ["khz"] = "Keapara", ["ki"] = "เกโกโย", ["kia"] = "Kim", ["kib"] = "Koalib", ["kic"] = "Kickapoo", ["kid"] = "Koshin", ["kie"] = "Kibet", ["kif"] = "Eastern Parbate Kham", ["kig"] = "Kimaama", ["kih"] = "Kilmeri", ["kii"] = "Kitsai", ["kij"] = "Kilivila", ["kil"] = "Kariya", ["kim"] = "โตฟา", ["kio"] = "Kiowa", ["kip"] = "Sheshi Kham", ["kiq"] = "Kosadle", ["kis"] = "Kis", ["kit"] = "Agob", ["kiv"] = "Kimbu", ["kiw"] = "Northeast Kiwai", ["kix"] = "Khiamniungan Naga", ["kiy"] = "Kirikiri", ["kiz"] = "Kisi", ["kj"] = "Kwanyama", ["kja"] = "Mlap", ["kjb"] = "Q'anjob'al", ["kjc"] = "Coastal Konjo", ["kjd"] = "Southern Kiwai", ["kje"] = "Kisar", ["kjg"] = "ขมุ", ["kjh"] = "คาคัส", ["kji"] = "Zabana", ["kjj"] = "Khinalug", ["kjk"] = "Highland Konjo", ["kjl"] = "Western Parbate Kham", ["kjm"] = "Kháng", ["kjn"] = "Kunjen", ["kjo"] = "Harijan Kinnauri", ["kjp"] = "กะเหรี่ยงโปตะวันออก", ["kjq"] = "Western Keres", ["kjr"] = "Kurudu", ["kjs"] = "East Kewa", ["kjt"] = "กะเหรี่ยงโปแพร่", ["kju"] = "Kashaya", ["kjx"] = "Ramopa", ["kjy"] = "Erave", ["kjz"] = "Bumthangkha", ["kk"] = "คาซัค", ["kka"] = "Kakanda", ["kkb"] = "Kwerisa", ["kkc"] = "Odoodee", ["kkd"] = "Kinuku", ["kke"] = "Kakabe", ["kkf"] = "Kalaktang Monpa", ["kkg"] = "Mabaka Valley Kalinga", ["kkh"] = "เขิน", ["kki"] = "Kagulu", ["kkj"] = "Kako", ["kkk"] = "Kokota", ["kkl"] = "Kosarek Yale", ["kkm"] = "Kiong", ["kkn"] = "Kon Keu", ["kko"] = "Karko", ["kkp"] = "Koko-Bera", ["kkq"] = "Kaiku", ["kkr"] = "Kir-Balar", ["kks"] = "Kirfi", ["kkt"] = "Koi", ["kku"] = "Tumi", ["kkv"] = "Kangean", ["kkw"] = "Teke-Kukuya", ["kkx"] = "Kohin", ["kky"] = "Guugu Yimidhirr", ["kkz"] = "Kaska", ["kl"] = "กรีนแลนด์", ["kla"] = "Klamath-Modoc", ["klb"] = "Kiliwa", ["klc"] = "Kolbila", ["kld"] = "Gamilaraay", ["kle"] = "Kulung", ["klf"] = "Kendeje", ["klg"] = "กาลากันแบบตากาเกาลู", ["klh"] = "Weliki", ["kli"] = "Kalumpang", ["klj"] = "แฆแลจ", ["klk"] = "Kono (Nigeria)", ["kll"] = "กาลากันแบบกากัน", ["klm"] = "Kolom", ["kln"] = "Kalenjin", ["klo"] = "Kapya", ["klp"] = "Kamasa", ["klq"] = "Rumu", ["klr"] = "Khaling", ["kls"] = "Kalasha", ["klt"] = "Nukna", ["klu"] = "Klao", ["klv"] = "Maskelynes", ["klw"] = "ลินดู", ["klx"] = "Koluwawa", ["kly"] = "Kalao", ["klz"] = "Kabola", ["km"] = "เขมร", ["kma"] = "Konni", ["kmb"] = "Kimbundu", ["kmc"] = "ต้งใต้", ["kmd"] = "Madukayang Kalinga", ["kme"] = "Bakole", ["kmf"] = "Kare (New Guinea)", ["kmg"] = "Kâte", ["kmh"] = "Kalam", ["kmi"] = "Kami", ["kmj"] = "Kumarbhag Paharia", ["kmk"] = "Limos Kalinga", ["kml"] = "Tanudan Kalinga", ["kmm"] = "Kom (India)", ["kmn"] = "Awtuw", ["kmo"] = "Kwoma", ["kmp"] = "Gimme", ["kmq"] = "Kwama", ["kmr"] = "เคิร์ดเหนือ", ["kms"] = "Kamasau", ["kmt"] = "Kemtuik", ["kmu"] = "Kanite", ["kmv"] = "Karipúna Creole French", ["kmw"] = "Kumu", ["kmx"] = "Waboda", ["kmy"] = "Koma", ["kmz"] = "Khorasani Turkish", ["kn"] = "กันนฑะ", ["kna"] = "Kanakuru", ["knb"] = "Lubuagan Kalinga", ["knd"] = "Konda", ["kne"] = "กันกานาอือ", ["knf"] = "Mankanya", ["kni"] = "Kanufi", ["knj"] = "Akatek", ["knk"] = "Kuranko", ["knl"] = "Keninjal", ["knm"] = "Kanamari", ["kno"] = "Kono (Sierra Leone)", ["knp"] = "Kwanja", ["knq"] = "Kintaq", ["knr"] = "Kaningra", ["kns"] = "Kensiu", ["knt"] = "Katukina", ["knu"] = "Kono (Guinea)", ["knv"] = "Tabo", ["knx"] = "Kendayan", ["kny"] = "Kanyok", ["knz"] = "Kalamsé", ["ko"] = "เกาหลี", ["ko-ear"] = "เกาหลีใหม่ช่วงต้น", ["koa"] = "Konomala", ["koc"] = "Kpati", ["kod"] = "Kodi", ["koe"] = "Kacipo-Balesi", ["kof"] = "Kubi", ["kog"] = "Cogui", ["koh"] = "Koyo", ["koi"] = "Komi-Permyak", ["kok"] = "กงกัณ", ["kol"] = "Kol (New Guinea)", ["koo"] = "Konzo", ["kop"] = "Waube", ["koq"] = "Kota (Gabon)", ["kos"] = "Kosraean", ["kot"] = "Lagwan", ["kou"] = "Koke", ["kov"] = "Kudu-Camo", ["kow"] = "Kugama", ["koy"] = "Koyukon", ["koz"] = "Korak", ["kpa"] = "Kutto", ["kpb"] = "Mullu Kurumba", ["kpc"] = "Curripaco", ["kpd"] = "Koba", ["kpe"] = "Kpelle", ["kpf"] = "Komba", ["kpg"] = "Kapingamarangi", ["kph"] = "Kplang", ["kpi"] = "Kofei", ["kpj"] = "Karajá", ["kpk"] = "Kpan", ["kpl"] = "Kpala", ["kpm"] = "เกอฮอ", ["kpn"] = "Kepkiriwát", ["kpo"] = "Ikposo", ["kpq"] = "Korupun-Sela", ["kpr"] = "Korafe-Yegha", ["kps"] = "Tehit", ["kpt"] = "Karata", ["kpu"] = "Kafoa", ["kpv"] = "Komi-Zyrian", ["kpw"] = "Kobon", ["kpx"] = "Mountain Koiari", ["kpy"] = "Koryak", ["kpz"] = "Kupsabiny", ["kqa"] = "Mum", ["kqb"] = "Kovai", ["kqc"] = "Doromu-Koki", ["kqd"] = "Koy Sanjaq Surat", ["kqe"] = "กาลากัน", ["kqf"] = "Kakabai", ["kqg"] = "Khe", ["kqh"] = "Kisankasa", ["kqi"] = "Koitabu", ["kqj"] = "Koromira", ["kqk"] = "Kotafon Gbe", ["kql"] = "Kyenele", ["kqm"] = "Khisa", ["kqn"] = "Kaonde", ["kqo"] = "Eastern Krahn", ["kqp"] = "Kimré", ["kqq"] = "Krenak", ["kqr"] = "Kimaragang", ["kqs"] = "Northern Kissi", ["kqt"] = "Klias River Kadazan", ["kqu"] = "Seroa", ["kqv"] = "Okolod", ["kqw"] = "Kandas", ["kqx"] = "Mser", ["kqy"] = "Koorete", ["kqz"] = "Korana", ["kr"] = "กานูรี", ["kra"] = "Kumhali", ["krb"] = "Karkin", ["krc"] = "Karachay-Balkar", ["krd"] = "Kairui-Midiki", ["kre"] = "Panará", ["krf"] = "Koro (Vanuatu)", ["krh"] = "Kurama", ["kri"] = "Krio", ["krj"] = "Kinaray-a", ["krk"] = "Kerek", ["krl"] = "คาเรเลีย", ["krm"] = "Krim", ["krn"] = "Sapo", ["kro-pro"] = "Proto-Kru", ["krp"] = "Korop", ["krr"] = "Kru'ng", ["krs"] = "Kresh", ["kru"] = "กุรุข", ["krv"] = "Kavet", ["krw"] = "Western Krahn", ["krx"] = "Karon", ["kry"] = "Kryts", ["krz"] = "Sota Kanum", ["ks"] = "แคชเมียร์", ["ksa"] = "Shuwa-Zamani", ["ksb"] = "Shambala", ["ksc"] = "Southern Kalinga", ["ksd"] = "Tolai", ["kse"] = "Kuni", ["ksf"] = "Bafia", ["ksg"] = "Kusaghe", ["ksi"] = "Krisa", ["ksj"] = "Uare", ["ksk"] = "Kansa", ["ksl"] = "Kumalu", ["ksm"] = "Kumba", ["ksn"] = "Kasiguranin", ["kso"] = "Kofa", ["ksp"] = "Kaba", ["ksq"] = "Kwaami", ["ksr"] = "Borong", ["kss"] = "Southern Kissi", ["kst"] = "Winyé", ["ksu"] = "Khamyang", ["ksv"] = "Kusu", ["ksw"] = "กะเหรี่ยงสะกอ", ["ksx"] = "Kedang", ["ksy"] = "Kharia Thar", ["ksz"] = "Kodaku", ["kta"] = "Katua", ["ktb"] = "Kambaata", ["ktc"] = "Kholok", ["ktd"] = "Kokata", ["ktf"] = "Kwami", ["ktg"] = "Kalkatungu", ["kth"] = "Karanga", ["kti"] = "North Muyu", ["ktj"] = "Plapo Krumen", ["ktk"] = "Kaniet", ["ktl"] = "Koroshi", ["ktm"] = "Kurti", ["ktn"] = "Karitiâna", ["kto"] = "Kuot", ["ktp"] = "Kaduo", ["ktq"] = "Katabaga", ["ktr"] = "Kota Marudu Tinagas", ["kts"] = "South Muyu", ["ktt"] = "Ketum", ["ktu"] = "Kituba", ["ktv"] = "กะตูตะวันออก", ["ktw"] = "Kato", ["ktx"] = "Kaxararí", ["kty"] = "Kango", ["ktz"] = "Juǀ'hoan", ["ku-pro"] = "เคอร์ดิชดั้งเดิม", ["kub"] = "Kutep", ["kuc"] = "Kwinsu", ["kud"] = "Auhelawa", ["kue"] = "Kuman", ["kuf"] = "กะตูตะวันตก", ["kug"] = "Kupa", ["kuh"] = "Kushi", ["kui"] = "Kuikúro", ["kuj"] = "Kuria", ["kuk"] = "Kepo'", ["kul"] = "Kulere", ["kum"] = "คูมุก", ["kun"] = "Kunama", ["kuo"] = "Kumukio", ["kup"] = "Kunimaipa", ["kuq"] = "Karipuna", ["kus"] = "Kusaal", ["kut"] = "Ktunaxa", ["kuu"] = "Upper Kuskokwim", ["kuv"] = "Kur", ["kuw"] = "Kpagua", ["kux"] = "Kukatja", ["kuy"] = "Kuuku-Ya'u", ["kuz"] = "Kunza", ["kva"] = "Bagvalal", ["kvb"] = "Kubu", ["kvc"] = "Kove", ["kvd"] = "Kui (Indonesia)", ["kve"] = "Kalabakan", ["kvf"] = "Kabalai", ["kvg"] = "Kuni-Boazi", ["kvh"] = "Komodo", ["kvi"] = "Kwang", ["kvj"] = "Psikye", ["kvk"] = "Korean Sign Language", ["kvl"] = "Brek Karen", ["kvm"] = "Kendem", ["kvn"] = "Border Kuna", ["kvo"] = "Dobel", ["kvp"] = "Kompane", ["kvq"] = "Geba Karen", ["kvr"] = "Kerinci", ["kvt"] = "Lahta Karen", ["kvu"] = "Yinbaw Karen", ["kvv"] = "Kola", ["kvw"] = "Wersing", ["kvx"] = "Parkari Koli", ["kvy"] = "Yintale Karen", ["kvz"] = "Tsakwambo", ["kw"] = "คอร์นวอลล์", ["kwa"] = "Dâw", ["kwb"] = "Baa", ["kwc"] = "Likwala", ["kwd"] = "Kwaio", ["kwe"] = "Kwerba", ["kwf"] = "Kwara'ae", ["kwg"] = "Sara Kaba Deme", ["kwh"] = "Kowiai", ["kwi"] = "Awa-Cuaiquer", ["kwj"] = "Kwanga", ["kwk"] = "Kwak'wala", ["kwl"] = "Kofyar", ["kwm"] = "Kwambi", ["kwn"] = "Kwangali", ["kwo"] = "Kwomtari", ["kwp"] = "Kodia", ["kwq"] = "Kwak", ["kwr"] = "Kwer", ["kws"] = "Kwese", ["kwt"] = "Kwesten", ["kwu"] = "Kwakum", ["kwv"] = "Sara Kaba Náà", ["kww"] = "Kwinti", ["kwx"] = "Khirwar", ["kwz"] = "Kwadi", ["kxa"] = "Kairiru", ["kxb"] = "Krobu", ["kxc"] = "Konso", ["kxd"] = "มลายูแบบบรูไน", ["kxe"] = "Kakihum", ["kxf"] = "Manumanaw Karen", ["kxh"] = "Karo", ["kxi"] = "Keningau Murut", ["kxj"] = "Kulfa", ["kxk"] = "Zayein Karen", ["kxl"] = "Nepali Kurux", ["kxm"] = "เขมรเหนือ", ["kxn"] = "Kanowit", ["kxo"] = "Kanoé", ["kxp"] = "Wadiyara Koli", ["kxq"] = "Smärky Kanum", ["kxr"] = "Manus Koro", ["kxs"] = "Kangjia", ["kxt"] = "Koiwat", ["kxu"] = "Kui (India)", ["kxv"] = "Kuvi", ["kxw"] = "Konai", ["kxx"] = "Likuba", ["kxy"] = "Kayong", ["kxz"] = "Kerewo", ["ky"] = "คีร์กีซ", ["kya"] = "Kwaya", ["kyb"] = "Butbut Kalinga", ["kyc"] = "Kyaka", ["kyd"] = "Karey", ["kye"] = "Krache", ["kyf"] = "Kouya", ["kyg"] = "Keyagana", ["kyh"] = "Karok", ["kyi"] = "Kiput", ["kyj"] = "กาเรา", ["kyk"] = "Kamayo", ["kyl"] = "Kalapuya", ["kym"] = "Kpatili", ["kyn"] = "Karolanos", ["kyo"] = "Kelon", ["kyp"] = "Kang", ["kyq"] = "Kenga", ["kyr"] = "Kuruáya", ["kys"] = "Baram Kayan", ["kyt"] = "Kayagar", ["kyu"] = "กะยาตะวันตก", ["kyv"] = "Kayort", ["kyw"] = "Kudmali", ["kyx"] = "Rapoisi", ["kyy"] = "Kambaira", ["kyz"] = "Kayabí", ["kza"] = "Western Karaboro", ["kzb"] = "Kaibobo", ["kzc"] = "Bondoukou Kulango", ["kzd"] = "Kadai", ["kzf"] = "Da'a Kaili", ["kzg"] = "Kikai", ["kzh"] = "Dongolawi", ["kzi"] = "Kelabit", ["kzj"] = "กาดาซันชายฝั่ง", ["kzk"] = "Kazukuru", ["kzl"] = "Kayeli", ["kzm"] = "Kais", ["kzn"] = "Kokola", ["kzo"] = "Kaningi", ["kzp"] = "Kaidipang", ["kzq"] = "Kaike", ["kzr"] = "Karang", ["kzs"] = "Sugut Dusun", ["kzt"] = "Tambunan Dusun", ["kzu"] = "Kayupulau", ["kzv"] = "Komyandaret", ["kzw"] = "Kariri", ["kzx"] = "Kamarian", ["kzy"] = "Kango-Sua", ["kzz"] = "Kalabra", ["la"] = "ละติน", ["laa"] = "Lapuyan Subanun", ["lab"] = "Linear A", ["lac"] = "Lacandon", ["lad"] = "ลาดิโน", ["lae"] = "Pattani", ["laf"] = "Lafofa", ["lag"] = "Langi", ["lah"] = "Lahnda", ["lai"] = "Lambya", ["laj"] = "Lango (Uganda)", ["lak"] = "Laka", ["lam"] = "Lamba", ["lan"] = "Laru", ["lap"] = "Kabba-Laka", ["laq"] = "Qabiao", ["lar"] = "Larteh", ["las"] = "Gur Lama", ["lau"] = "Laba", ["law"] = "Lauje", ["lax"] = "Tiwa", ["lay"] = "Lama Bai", ["laz"] = "Aribwatsa", ["lb"] = "ลักเซมเบิร์ก", ["lbb"] = "Label", ["lbc"] = "ลักเกีย", ["lbe"] = "ลัก", ["lbf"] = "Tinani", ["lbg"] = "Laopang", ["lbi"] = "La'bi", ["lbj"] = "ลาดัก", ["lbk"] = "Central Bontoc", ["lbl"] = "Libon Bikol", ["lbm"] = "Lodhi", ["lbn"] = "Lamet", ["lbo"] = "Laven", ["lbq"] = "Wampar", ["lbr"] = "Northern Lorung", ["lbs"] = "Libyan Sign Language", ["lbt"] = "Lachi", ["lbu"] = "Labu", ["lbv"] = "Lavatbura-Lamusong", ["lbw"] = "Tolaki", ["lbx"] = "Lawangan", ["lby"] = "Lamu-Lamu", ["lbz"] = "Lardil", ["lcc"] = "Legenyem", ["lcd"] = "Lola", ["lce"] = "Loncong", ["lcf"] = "Lubu", ["lch"] = "Luchazi", ["lcl"] = "Lisela", ["lcm"] = "Tungag", ["lcp"] = "เลอเวือะตะวันตก", ["lcq"] = "Luhu", ["lcs"] = "Lisabata-Nuniali", ["lda"] = "Kla", ["ldb"] = "Idun", ["ldd"] = "Luri (Nigeria)", ["ldg"] = "Lenyima", ["ldh"] = "Lamja-Dengsa-Tola", ["ldj"] = "Lemoro", ["ldk"] = "Leelau", ["ldl"] = "Kaan", ["ldm"] = "Landoma", ["ldn"] = "Láadan", ["ldo"] = "Loo", ["ldp"] = "Tso", ["ldq"] = "Lufu", ["lea"] = "Lega-Shabunda", ["leb"] = "Lala-Bisa", ["lec"] = "Leco", ["led"] = "Lendu", ["lee"] = "Lyélé", ["lef"] = "Lelemi", ["leh"] = "Lenje", ["lei"] = "Lemio", ["lej"] = "Lengola", ["lek"] = "Leipon", ["lel"] = "Lele (Congo)", ["lem"] = "Nomaande", ["len"] = "Honduran Lenca", ["leo"] = "Mengisa", ["lep"] = "Lepcha", ["leq"] = "Lembena", ["ler"] = "Lenkau", ["les"] = "Lese", ["let"] = "Lesing-Gelimi", ["leu"] = "Kara (New Guinea)", ["lev"] = "Lamma", ["lew"] = "Ledo Kaili", ["lex"] = "Luang", ["ley"] = "Lemolang", ["lez"] = "เลซกี", ["lfa"] = "Lefa", ["lfn"] = "Lingua Franca Nova", ["lg"] = "ลูกันดา", ["lga"] = "Lungga", ["lgb"] = "Laghu", ["lgg"] = "Lugbara", ["lgh"] = "Laghuu", ["lgi"] = "Lengilu", ["lgk"] = "Neverver", ["lgl"] = "Wala", ["lgm"] = "Lega-Mwenga", ["lgn"] = "Opuuo", ["lgq"] = "Logba", ["lgr"] = "Lengo", ["lgs"] = "Guinea-Bissau Sign Language", ["lgt"] = "Pahi", ["lgu"] = "Longgu", ["lgz"] = "Ligenza", ["lha"] = "Laha (Vietnam)", ["lhh"] = "Laha (Indonesia)", ["lhi"] = "Lahu Shi", ["lhl"] = "Lahul Lohar", ["lhn"] = "Lahanan", ["lhp"] = "Lhokpu", ["lhs"] = "Mlahsö", ["lht"] = "Lo-Toga", ["lhu"] = "Lahu", ["li"] = "ลิมเบิร์ก", ["lia"] = "West-Central Limba", ["lib"] = "Likum", ["lic"] = "ไหล", ["lid"] = "Nyindrou", ["lie"] = "Likila", ["lif"] = "ลิมบู", ["lig"] = "Ligbi", ["lih"] = "Lihir", ["lii"] = "Lingkhim", ["lij"] = "ลีกูเรีย", ["lik"] = "Lika", ["lil"] = "Lillooet", ["lio"] = "Liki", ["lip"] = "Sekpele", ["liq"] = "Libido", ["lir"] = "Liberian Kreyol", ["lis"] = "ลีสู่", ["liu"] = "Logorik", ["liv"] = "ลีโวเนีย", ["liw"] = "Col", ["lix"] = "Liabuku", ["liy"] = "Banda-Bambari", ["liz"] = "Libinza", ["lja"] = "Golpa", ["lje"] = "Rampi", ["lji"] = "Laiyolo", ["ljl"] = "Li'o", ["ljp"] = "Lampung Api", ["ljw"] = "Yirandali", ["ljx"] = "Yuru", ["lka"] = "Lakalei", ["lkb"] = "Kabras", ["lkc"] = "Kucong", ["lkd"] = "Lakondê", ["lke"] = "Kenyi", ["lkh"] = "Lakha", ["lki"] = "Laki", ["lkj"] = "Remun", ["lkl"] = "Laeko-Libuat", ["lkm"] = "Kalaamaya", ["lkn"] = "Lakon", ["lko"] = "Khayo", ["lkr"] = "Päri", ["lks"] = "Kisa", ["lkt"] = "ลาโคตา", ["lku"] = "Kungkari", ["lky"] = "Lokoya", ["lla"] = "Lala-Roba", ["llb"] = "Lolo", ["llc"] = "Lele (Guinea)", ["lld"] = "ลาดิน", ["lle"] = "Lele (New Guinea)", ["llf"] = "Hermit", ["llg"] = "Lole", ["llh"] = "Lamu", ["lli"] = "Teke-Laali", ["llj"] = "Ladji-Ladji", ["llk"] = "Lelak", ["lll"] = "Lilau", ["llm"] = "Lasalimu", ["lln"] = "Lele (Chad)", ["llo"] = "Khlor", ["llp"] = "North Efate", ["llq"] = "Lolak", ["lls"] = "Lithuanian Sign Language", ["llu"] = "Lau", ["llx"] = "Lauan", ["lma"] = "East Limba", ["lmb"] = "Merei", ["lmc"] = "Limilngan", ["lmd"] = "Lumun", ["lme"] = "Pévé", ["lmf"] = "South Lembata", ["lmg"] = "Lamogai", ["lmh"] = "Lambichhong", ["lmi"] = "Lombi", ["lmj"] = "West Lembata", ["lmk"] = "Lamkang", ["lml"] = "Raga", ["lmn"] = "Lambadi", ["lmo"] = "ลอมบาร์ด", ["lmp"] = "Limbum", ["lmq"] = "Lamatuka", ["lmr"] = "Lamalera", ["lmu"] = "Lamenu", ["lmv"] = "Lomaiviti", ["lmw"] = "Lake Miwok", ["lmx"] = "Laimbue", ["lmy"] = "ลัมโบยา", ["lmz"] = "Lumbee", ["ln"] = "ลิงกาลา", ["lna"] = "Langbashe", ["lnb"] = "Mbalanhu", ["lnd"] = "Lun Bawang", ["lnh"] = "Lanoh", ["lni"] = "Daantanai'", ["lnj"] = "Linngithigh", ["lnl"] = "South Central Banda", ["lnm"] = "Langam", ["lnn"] = "Lorediakarkar", ["lno"] = "Lango (Sudan)", ["lns"] = "Lamnso'", ["lnu"] = "Longuda", ["lnw"] = "Lanima", ["lo"] = "ลาว", ["loa"] = "Loloda", ["lob"] = "Lobi", ["loc"] = "Inonhan", ["lod"] = "เบอราวัน", ["loe"] = "Saluan", ["lof"] = "Logol", ["log"] = "Logo", ["loh"] = "Narim", ["loi"] = "Lomakka", ["loj"] = "Lou", ["lok"] = "Loko", ["lol"] = "Mongo", ["lom"] = "Loma", ["lon"] = "Malawi Lomwe", ["loo"] = "Lombo", ["lop"] = "Lopa", ["loq"] = "Lobala", ["lor"] = "Téén", ["los"] = "Loniu", ["lot"] = "Lotuko", ["lou"] = "ครีโอลลุยเซียนา", ["lov"] = "Lopi", ["low"] = "Tampias Lobu", ["lox"] = "Loun", ["loz"] = "Lozi", ["lpa"] = "Lelepa", ["lpe"] = "Lepki", ["lpn"] = "Long Phuri Naga", ["lpo"] = "Lipo", ["lpx"] = "Lopit", ["lra"] = "Rara Bakati'", ["lrc"] = "Northern Luri", ["lre"] = "Laurentian", ["lrg"] = "Laragia", ["lri"] = "Marachi", ["lrk"] = "Loarki", ["lrl"] = "Larestani", ["lrm"] = "Marama", ["lrn"] = "Lorang", ["lro"] = "Laro", ["lrr"] = "Southern Lorung", ["lrt"] = "Larantuka Malay", ["lrv"] = "Larëvat", ["lrz"] = "Lemerig", ["lsa"] = "Lasgerdi", ["lsd"] = "Lishana Deni", ["lse"] = "Lusengo", ["lsh"] = "Lish", ["lsi"] = "Lashi", ["lsl"] = "Latvian Sign Language", ["lsm"] = "Saamia", ["lsn"] = "Tibetan Sign Language", ["lso"] = "Laos Sign Language", ["lsp"] = "Panamanian Sign Language", ["lsr"] = "Aruop", ["lss"] = "Lasi", ["lst"] = "Trinidad and Tobago Sign Language", ["lsv"] = "Sivia Sign Language", ["lsy"] = "Mauritian Sign Language", ["lt"] = "ลิทัวเนีย", ["ltc"] = "จีนยุคกลาง", ["ltg"] = "ลัตเกล", ["lti"] = "Leti", ["ltn"] = "Latundê", ["lto"] = "Olutsotso", ["lts"] = "Lutachoni", ["ltu"] = "Latu", ["lu"] = "Luba-Katanga", ["lua"] = "Luba-Kasai", ["luc"] = "Aringa", ["lud"] = "Ludian", ["lue"] = "Luvale", ["luf"] = "Laua", ["luh"] = "หล่อยแอว๋", ["lui"] = "Luiseño", ["luj"] = "Luna", ["luk"] = "Lunanakha", ["lul"] = "Olu'bo", ["lum"] = "Luimbi", ["lun"] = "Lunda", ["luo"] = "Luo", ["lup"] = "Lumbu", ["luq"] = "Lucumí", ["lur"] = "Laura", ["lus"] = "มีโซ", ["lut"] = "Lushootseed", ["luu"] = "Lumba-Yakkha", ["luv"] = "Luwati", ["luy"] = "Luhya", ["luz"] = "Southern Luri", ["lv"] = "ลัตเวีย", ["lva"] = "Maku'a", ["lvi"] = "Lawi", ["lvk"] = "Lavukaleve", ["lvl"] = "Lwel", ["lvu"] = "Levuka", ["lwa"] = "Lwalu", ["lwe"] = "Lewo Eleng", ["lwg"] = "Wanga", ["lwh"] = "White Lachi", ["lwl"] = "เลอเวือะตะวันออก", ["lwm"] = "Laomian", ["lwo"] = "Luwo", ["lws"] = "Malawian Sign Language", ["lwt"] = "Lewotobi", ["lwu"] = "Lawu", ["lww"] = "Lewo", ["lya"] = "Layakha", ["lyg"] = "ลึงงัม", ["lyn"] = "Luyana", ["lzh"] = "จีนวรรณกรรม", ["lzl"] = "Litzlitz", ["lzn"] = "Leinong Naga", ["lzz"] = "ลัซ", ["maa"] = "San Jerónimo Tecóatl Mazatec", ["mab"] = "Yutanduchi Mixtec", ["mad"] = "Madurese", ["mae"] = "Bo-Rukul", ["maf"] = "Mafa", ["mag"] = "มคหะ", ["mai"] = "ไมถิลี", ["maj"] = "Jalapa de Díaz Mazatec", ["mak"] = "มากัซซาร์", ["mam"] = "Mam", ["man"] = "Mandingo", ["map-ata-pro"] = "Proto-Atayalic", ["map-bms"] = "Banyumasan", ["map-pro"] = "ออสโตรนีเซียนดั้งเดิม", ["maq"] = "Chiquihuitlán Mazatec", ["mas"] = "มาไซ", ["mat"] = "Matlatzinca", ["mau"] = "Huautla Mazatec", ["mav"] = "Sateré-Mawé", ["maw"] = "Mampruli", ["max"] = "มลายูแบบโมลุกกะเหนือ", ["maz"] = "Central Mazahua", ["mba"] = "Higaonon", ["mbb"] = "Western Bukidnon Manobo", ["mbc"] = "Macushi", ["mbd"] = "Dibabawon Manobo", ["mbe"] = "Molale", ["mbf"] = "Baba Malay", ["mbh"] = "Mangseng", ["mbi"] = "Ilianen Manobo", ["mbj"] = "Nadëb", ["mbk"] = "Malol", ["mbl"] = "Maxakalí", ["mbm"] = "Ombamba", ["mbn"] = "Macaguán", ["mbo"] = "Mbo (Cameroon)", ["mbp"] = "Wiwa", ["mbq"] = "Maisin", ["mbr"] = "Nukak Makú", ["mbs"] = "Sarangani Manobo", ["mbt"] = "Matigsalug Manobo", ["mbu"] = "Mbula-Bwazza", ["mbv"] = "Mbulungish", ["mbw"] = "Maring", ["mbx"] = "Sepik Mari", ["mby"] = "Memoni", ["mbz"] = "Amoltepec Mixtec", ["mca"] = "Maca", ["mcb"] = "Machiguenga", ["mcc"] = "Bitur", ["mcd"] = "Sharanahua", ["mce"] = "Itundujia Mixtec", ["mcf"] = "Matsés", ["mcg"] = "Mapoyo", ["mch"] = "Ye'kwana", ["mci"] = "Mese", ["mcj"] = "Mvanip", ["mck"] = "Mbunda", ["mcl"] = "Macaguaje", ["mcm"] = "Kristang", ["mcn"] = "Masana", ["mco"] = "Coatlán Mixe", ["mcp"] = "Makaa", ["mcq"] = "Ese", ["mcr"] = "Menya", ["mcs"] = "Mambai", ["mcu"] = "Cameroon Mambila", ["mcw"] = "Mawa", ["mcx"] = "Mpiemo", ["mcy"] = "South Watut", ["mcz"] = "Mawan", ["mda"] = "Mada (Nigeria)", ["mdb"] = "Morigi", ["mdc"] = "Male", ["mdd"] = "Mbum", ["mde"] = "Bura Mabang", ["mdf"] = "มอกชา", ["mdg"] = "Massalat", ["mdh"] = "มากินดาเนา", ["mdi"] = "Mamvu", ["mdj"] = "Mangbetu", ["mdk"] = "Mangbutu", ["mdl"] = "Maltese Sign Language", ["mdm"] = "Mayogo", ["mdn"] = "Mbati", ["mdp"] = "Mbala", ["mdq"] = "Mbole", ["mdr"] = "Mandar", ["mds"] = "Maria", ["mdt"] = "Mbere", ["mdu"] = "Mboko", ["mdv"] = "Santa Lucía Monteverde Mixtec", ["mdw"] = "Mbosi", ["mdx"] = "Dizin", ["mdy"] = "Maale", ["mdz"] = "Suruí Do Pará", ["mea"] = "Menka", ["meb"] = "Ikobi-Mena", ["mec"] = "Mara", ["med"] = "Melpa", ["mee"] = "Mengen", ["mef"] = "Megam", ["meh"] = "Southwestern Tlaxiaco Mixtec", ["mei"] = "Midob", ["mej"] = "Meyah", ["mek"] = "Mekeo", ["mel"] = "Central Melanau", ["mem"] = "Mangala", ["men"] = "Mende", ["meo"] = "มลายูแบบเกอดะฮ์", ["mep"] = "Miriwung", ["meq"] = "Merey", ["mer"] = "Meru", ["mes"] = "Masmaje", ["met"] = "Mato", ["meu"] = "Motu", ["mev"] = "Mano", ["mew"] = "Maaka", ["mey"] = "Hassaniya Arabic", ["mez"] = "Menominee", ["mfa"] = "มลายูแบบปัตตานี", ["mfb"] = "Bangka", ["mfc"] = "Mba", ["mfd"] = "Mendankwe-Nkwen", ["mfe"] = "ครีโอลมอริเชียส", ["mff"] = "Naki", ["mfg"] = "Mixifore", ["mfh"] = "Matal", ["mfi"] = "Wandala", ["mfj"] = "Mefele", ["mfk"] = "North Mofu", ["mfl"] = "Putai", ["mfm"] = "Marghi South", ["mfn"] = "Cross River Mbembe", ["mfo"] = "Mbe", ["mfp"] = "Makassar Malay", ["mfq"] = "Moba", ["mfr"] = "Marrithiyel", ["mfs"] = "Mexican Sign Language", ["mft"] = "Mokerang", ["mfu"] = "Mbwela", ["mfv"] = "Mandjak", ["mfw"] = "Mulaha", ["mfx"] = "Melo", ["mfy"] = "Mayo", ["mfz"] = "Mabaan", ["mg"] = "มาลากาซี", ["mga"] = "ไอริชกลาง", ["mgb"] = "Mararit", ["mgc"] = "Morokodo", ["mgd"] = "Moru", ["mge"] = "Mango", ["mgf"] = "Maklew", ["mgg"] = "Mpongmpong", ["mgh"] = "Makhuwa-Meetto", ["mgi"] = "Jili", ["mgj"] = "Abureni", ["mgk"] = "Mawes", ["mgl"] = "Maleu-Kilenge", ["mgm"] = "Mambae", ["mgn"] = "Mbangi", ["mgo"] = "Meta'", ["mgp"] = "Eastern Magar", ["mgq"] = "Malila", ["mgr"] = "Mambwe-Lungu", ["mgs"] = "Manda (Tanzania)", ["mgt"] = "Mongol", ["mgu"] = "Mailu", ["mgv"] = "Matengo", ["mgw"] = "Matumbi", ["mgy"] = "Mbunga", ["mgz"] = "Mbugwe", ["mh"] = "มาร์แชลล์", ["mha"] = "Manda (India)", ["mhb"] = "Mahongwe", ["mhc"] = "Mocho", ["mhd"] = "Mbugu", ["mhe"] = "Besisi", ["mhf"] = "Mamaa", ["mhg"] = "Marrgu", ["mhi"] = "Ma'di", ["mhj"] = "Mogholi", ["mhk"] = "Mungaka", ["mhl"] = "Mauwake", ["mhm"] = "Makhuwa-Moniga", ["mhn"] = "โมเชโน", ["mho"] = "Mashi", ["mhp"] = "Balinese Malay", ["mhq"] = "Mandan", ["mhr"] = "Eastern Mari", ["mhs"] = "Buru (Indonesia)", ["mht"] = "Mandahuaca", ["mhu"] = "Taraon", ["mhw"] = "Mbukushu", ["mhx"] = "Lhao Vo", ["mhy"] = "Ma'anyan", ["mhz"] = "Mor (Austronesian)", ["mi"] = "มาวรี", ["mia"] = "Miami", ["mib"] = "Atatláhuca Mixtec", ["mic"] = "Mi'kmaq", ["mid"] = "Mandaic", ["mie"] = "Ocotepec Mixtec", ["mif"] = "Mofu-Gudur", ["mig"] = "San Miguel el Grande Mixtec", ["mih"] = "Chayuco Mixtec", ["mii"] = "Chigmecatitlán Mixtec", ["mij"] = "Mungbam", ["mik"] = "Mikasuki", ["mil"] = "Peñoles Mixtec", ["mim"] = "Alacatlatzala Mixtec", ["min"] = "มีนังกาเบา", ["mio"] = "Pinotepa Nacional Mixtec", ["mip"] = "Apasco-Apoala Mixtec", ["miq"] = "Miskito", ["mir"] = "Isthmus Mixe", ["mis-hkl"] = "Kelantan Peranakan Hokkien", ["mis-idn"] = "Idiom Neutral", ["mis-isa"] = "Isaurian", ["mis-jie"] = "Jie", ["mis-jzh"] = "Jizhao", ["mis-kas"] = "Kassite", ["mis-mmd"] = "Mimi of Decorse", ["mis-mmn"] = "Mimi of Nachtigal", ["mis-phi"] = "Philistine", ["mis-rou"] = "Rouran", ["mis-tdl"] = "Turdulian", ["mis-tdt"] = "Turdetanian", ["mis-tnw"] = "Tangwang", ["mis-tuh"] = "Tuyuhun", ["mis-tuo"] = "Tuoba", ["mis-wuh"] = "Wuhuan", ["mis-xbi"] = "Xianbei", ["mis-xnu"] = "Xiongnu", ["mit"] = "Southern Puebla Mixtec", ["miu"] = "Cacaloxtepec Mixtec", ["miw"] = "Akoye", ["mix"] = "Mixtepec Mixtec", ["miy"] = "Ayutla Mixtec", ["miz"] = "Coatzospan Mixtec", ["mjb"] = "Makalero", ["mjc"] = "San Juan Colorado Mixtec", ["mjd"] = "Northwest Maidu", ["mje"] = "Muskum", ["mjg-mgl"] = "Mongghul", ["mjg-mgr"] = "Mangghuer", ["mji"] = "Kim Mun", ["mjj"] = "Mawak", ["mjk"] = "Matukar", ["mjl"] = "Mandeali", ["mjm"] = "Medebur", ["mjn"] = "Mebu", ["mjo"] = "Malankuravan", ["mjp"] = "Malapandaram", ["mjq"] = "Malaryan", ["mjr"] = "Malavedan", ["mjs"] = "Miship", ["mjt"] = "Sawriya Paharia", ["mju"] = "Manna-Dora", ["mjv"] = "Mannan", ["mjw"] = "Karbi", ["mjx"] = "Mahali", ["mjy"] = "Mahican", ["mjz"] = "Majhi", ["mk"] = "มาซิโดเนีย", ["mka"] = "Mbre", ["mkb"] = "Mal Paharia", ["mkc"] = "Siliput", ["mke"] = "Mawchi", ["mkf"] = "Miya", ["mkg"] = "Mak (China)", ["mkh-asl-pro"] = "Proto-Aslian", ["mkh-ban-pro"] = "Proto-Bahnaric", ["mkh-kat-pro"] = "Proto-Katuic", ["mkh-khm-pro"] = "ขมุอิกดั้งเดิม", ["mkh-kmr-pro"] = "เขมรดั้งเดิม", ["mkh-mmn"] = "มอญกลาง", ["mkh-mnc-pro"] = "มอญดั้งเดิม", ["mkh-mvi"] = "เวียดนามกลาง", ["mkh-pal-pro"] = "ปะหล่องดั้งเดิม", ["mkh-pea-pro"] = "แพริกดั้งเดิม", ["mkh-pkn-pro"] = "Proto-Pakanic", ["mkh-pro"] = "มอญ-เขมรดั้งเดิม", ["mkh-vie-pro"] = "เวียตติกดั้งเดิม", ["mki"] = "Dhatki", ["mkj"] = "โมกิล", ["mkk"] = "Byep", ["mkl"] = "Mokole", ["mkm"] = "Moklen", ["mkn"] = "Kupang Malay", ["mko"] = "Mingang Doso", ["mkp"] = "Moikodi", ["mkq"] = "Bay Miwok", ["mkr"] = "Malas", ["mks"] = "Silacayoapan Mixtec", ["mkt"] = "Vamale", ["mku"] = "Konyanka Maninka", ["mkv"] = "Mav̋ea", ["mkx"] = "Cinamiguin Manobo", ["mky"] = "Taba", ["mkz"] = "Makasae", ["ml"] = "มลยาฬัม", ["mla"] = "Tamambo", ["mlb"] = "Mbule", ["mlc"] = "Caolan", ["mle"] = "Manambu", ["mlf"] = "มัล", ["mlh"] = "Mape", ["mli"] = "Malimpung", ["mlj"] = "Miltu", ["mlk"] = "Ilwana", ["mll"] = "Malua Bay", ["mlm"] = "Mulam", ["mln"] = "Malango", ["mlo"] = "Mlomp", ["mlp"] = "Bargam", ["mlq"] = "Western Maninkakan", ["mlr"] = "Vame", ["mls"] = "Masalit", ["mlu"] = "To'abaita", ["mlv"] = "Mwotlap", ["mlw"] = "Moloko", ["mlx"] = "Malfaxal", ["mlz"] = "Malaynon", ["mma"] = "Mama", ["mmb"] = "Momina", ["mmc"] = "Michoacán Mazahua", ["mmd"] = "Maonan", ["mme"] = "Tirax", ["mmf"] = "Mundat", ["mmg"] = "North Ambrym", ["mmh"] = "Mehináku", ["mmi"] = "Musar", ["mmj"] = "Majhwar", ["mmk"] = "Mukha-Dora", ["mml"] = "Man Met", ["mmm"] = "Maii", ["mmn"] = "Mamanwa", ["mmo"] = "Mangga Buang", ["mmp"] = "Musan", ["mmq"] = "Aisi", ["mmr"] = "Western Xiangxi Miao", ["mmt"] = "Malalamai", ["mmu"] = "Mmaala", ["mmv"] = "Miriti", ["mmw"] = "Emae", ["mmx"] = "Madak", ["mmy"] = "Migaama", ["mmz"] = "Mabaale", ["mn"] = "มองโกเลีย", ["mna"] = "Mbula", ["mnb"] = "Muna", ["mnc"] = "แมนจู", ["mnd"] = "Mondé", ["mne"] = "Naba", ["mnf"] = "Mundani", ["mng"] = "Eastern Mnong", ["mnh"] = "Mono (Congo)", ["mni"] = "มณีปุระ", ["mnj"] = "Munji", ["mnk"] = "Mandinka", ["mnl"] = "Tiale", ["mnm"] = "Mapena", ["mnn"] = "มนองใต้", ["mnp"] = "หมิ่นเหนือ", ["mnq"] = "Minriq", ["mnr"] = "Mono (California)", ["mns-cen"] = "Central Mansi", ["mns-nor"] = "Northern Mansi", ["mns-pro"] = "Proto-Mansi", ["mns-sou"] = "Southern Mansi", ["mnt"] = "Maykulan", ["mnu"] = "Mer", ["mnv"] = "Rennellese", ["mnw"] = "มอญ", ["mnw-tha"] = "มอญแบบไทย", ["mnx"] = "Manikion", ["mny"] = "Manyawa", ["mnz"] = "Moni", ["moa"] = "Mwan", ["moc"] = "Mocoví", ["mod"] = "Mobilian", ["moe"] = "มงตาแญ", ["mog"] = "Mongondow", ["moh"] = "Mohawk", ["moi"] = "Mboi", ["moj"] = "Monzombo", ["mok"] = "Morori", ["mom"] = "Monimbo", ["moo"] = "Monom", ["mop"] = "Mopan Maya", ["moq"] = "Mor (Papuan)", ["mor"] = "Moro", ["mos"] = "Moore", ["mot"] = "Barí", ["mou"] = "Mogum", ["mov"] = "Mojave", ["mow"] = "Moi (Congo)", ["mox"] = "Molima", ["moy"] = "Shekkacho", ["moz"] = "Mukulu", ["mpa"] = "Mpoto", ["mpb"] = "Mullukmulluk", ["mpc"] = "Mangarayi", ["mpd"] = "Machinere", ["mpe"] = "Majang", ["mpg"] = "Marba", ["mph"] = "Maung", ["mpi"] = "Mpade", ["mpj"] = "Martu Wangka", ["mpk"] = "Mbara (Chad)", ["mpl"] = "Middle Watut", ["mpm"] = "Yosondúa Mixtec", ["mpn"] = "Mindiri", ["mpo"] = "Miu", ["mpp"] = "Migabac", ["mpq"] = "Matís", ["mpr"] = "Vangunu", ["mps"] = "Dadibi", ["mpt"] = "Mian", ["mpu"] = "Makuráp", ["mpv"] = "Mungkip", ["mpw"] = "Mapidian", ["mpx"] = "Misima-Paneati", ["mpy"] = "Mapia", ["mpz"] = "Mpi", ["mqa"] = "Maba", ["mqb"] = "Mbuko", ["mqc"] = "Mangole", ["mqe"] = "Matepi", ["mqf"] = "Momuna", ["mqg"] = "Kota Bangun Kutai Malay", ["mqh"] = "Tlazoyaltepec Mixtec", ["mqi"] = "Mariri", ["mqj"] = "Mamasa", ["mqk"] = "Rajah Kabunsuwan Manobo", ["mql"] = "Mbelime", ["mqm"] = "South Marquesan", ["mqn"] = "Moronene", ["mqo"] = "Modole", ["mqp"] = "Manipa", ["mqq"] = "Minokok", ["mqr"] = "Mander", ["mqs"] = "West Makian", ["mqt"] = "Mok", ["mqu"] = "Mandari", ["mqv"] = "Mosimo", ["mqw"] = "Murupi", ["mqx"] = "Mamuju", ["mqy"] = "Manggarai", ["mqz"] = "Malasanga", ["mr"] = "มราฐี", ["mra"] = "Mlabri", ["mrb"] = "Sungwadia", ["mrc"] = "Maricopa", ["mrd"] = "Western Magar", ["mre"] = "Martha's Vineyard Sign Language", ["mrf"] = "Elseng", ["mrg"] = "Mising", ["mrh"] = "Mara Chin", ["mrj"] = "Western Mari", ["mrk"] = "Hmwaveke", ["mrl"] = "Mortlockese", ["mrm"] = "Mwerlap", ["mrn"] = "Cheke Holo", ["mro"] = "Mru", ["mrp"] = "Morouas", ["mrq"] = "North Marquesan", ["mrr"] = "Hill Maria", ["mrs"] = "Maragus", ["mrt"] = "Margi", ["mru"] = "Mono (Cameroon)", ["mrv"] = "Mangarevan", ["mrw"] = "มาราเนา", ["mrx"] = "Dineor", ["mry"] = "Karaga Mandaya", ["mrz"] = "Marind", ["ms"] = "มาเลเซีย", ["msb"] = "มัสบาเต", ["msc"] = "Sankaran Maninka", ["msd"] = "Yucatec Maya Sign Language", ["mse"] = "Musey", ["msf"] = "Mekwei", ["msg"] = "Moraid", ["msi"] = "Sabah Malay", ["msj"] = "Ma", ["msk"] = "Mansaka", ["msl"] = "Molof", ["msm"] = "Agusan Manobo", ["msn"] = "Vurës", ["mso"] = "Mombum", ["msp"] = "Maritsauá", ["msq"] = "Caac", ["msr"] = "Mongolian Sign Language", ["mss"] = "West Masela", ["msu"] = "Musom", ["msv"] = "Maslam", ["msw"] = "Mansoanka", ["msx"] = "Moresada", ["msy"] = "Aruamu", ["msz"] = "Momare", ["mt"] = "มอลตา", ["mta"] = "Cotabato Manobo", ["mtb"] = "Anyin Morofo", ["mtc"] = "Munit", ["mtd"] = "Mualang", ["mte"] = "Alu", ["mtf"] = "Murik (New Guinea)", ["mtg"] = "Una", ["mth"] = "Munggui", ["mti"] = "Maiwa (New Guinea)", ["mtj"] = "Moskona", ["mtk"] = "Mbe'", ["mtl"] = "Montol", ["mtm"] = "Mator", ["mtn"] = "Matagalpa", ["mto"] = "Totontepec Mixe", ["mtp"] = "Wichí Lhamtés Nocten", ["mtq"] = "เหมื่อง", ["mtr"] = "เมวาร์", ["mts"] = "Yora", ["mtt"] = "Mota", ["mtu"] = "Tututepec Mixtec", ["mtv"] = "Asaro'o", ["mtw"] = "Magahat", ["mtx"] = "Tidaá Mixtec", ["mty"] = "Nabi", ["mua"] = "Mundang", ["mub"] = "Mubi", ["muc"] = "Mbu'", ["mud"] = "Mednyj Aleut", ["mue"] = "Media Lengua", ["mug"] = "Musgu", ["muh"] = "Mündü", ["mui"] = "มูซี", ["muj"] = "Mabire", ["mul"] = "ร่วม", ["mum"] = "Maiwala", ["mun-pro"] = "มุนดาดั้งเดิม", ["muo"] = "Nyong", ["mup"] = "Malvi", ["muq"] = "Eastern Xiangxi Miao", ["mur"] = "Murle", ["mus"] = "Creek", ["mut"] = "Western Muria", ["muu"] = "Yaaku", ["muv"] = "Muthuvan", ["mux"] = "Bo-Ung", ["muy"] = "Muyang", ["muz"] = "Mursi", ["mva"] = "Manam", ["mvb"] = "Mattole", ["mvd"] = "Mamboru", ["mvg"] = "Yucuañe Mixtec", ["mvh"] = "Mire", ["mvi"] = "มิยาโกะ", ["mvk"] = "Mekmek", ["mvl"] = "Mbara (Australia)", ["mvm"] = "Muya", ["mvn"] = "Minaveha", ["mvo"] = "Marovo", ["mvp"] = "Duri", ["mvq"] = "Moere", ["mvr"] = "Marau", ["mvs"] = "Massep", ["mvt"] = "Mpotovoro", ["mvu"] = "Marfa", ["mvv"] = "Tagal Murut", ["mvw"] = "Machinga", ["mvx"] = "Meoswar", ["mvy"] = "Indus Kohistani", ["mvz"] = "Mesqan", ["mwa"] = "Mwatebu", ["mwb"] = "Juwal", ["mwc"] = "Are", ["mwe"] = "Mwera", ["mwf"] = "Murrinh-Patha", ["mwg"] = "Aiklep", ["mwh"] = "Mouk-Aria", ["mwi"] = "Labo", ["mwk"] = "Kita Maninkakan", ["mwl"] = "มีรังดา", ["mwm"] = "Sar", ["mwn"] = "Nyamwanga", ["mwo"] = "Sungwadaga", ["mwp"] = "Kala Lagaw Ya", ["mwq"] = "Mün Chin", ["mwr"] = "มาร์วาร์", ["mws"] = "Mwimbi-Muthambi", ["mwt"] = "Moken", ["mwu"] = "Mittu", ["mwv"] = "Mentawai", ["mww"] = "ม้งขาว", ["mwz"] = "Moingi", ["mxa"] = "Northwest Oaxaca Mixtec", ["mxb"] = "Tezoatlán Mixtec", ["mxd"] = "Modang", ["mxe"] = "Mele-Fila", ["mxf"] = "Malgbe", ["mxg"] = "Mbangala", ["mxh"] = "Mvuba", ["mxi"] = "Mozarabic", ["mxj"] = "Miju", ["mxk"] = "Monumbo", ["mxl"] = "Maxi Gbe", ["mxm"] = "Meramera", ["mxn"] = "Moi (Indonesia)", ["mxo"] = "Mbowe", ["mxp"] = "Tlahuitoltepec Mixe", ["mxq"] = "Juquila Mixe", ["mxr"] = "Murik (Malaysia)", ["mxs"] = "Huitepec Mixtec", ["mxt"] = "Jamiltepec Mixtec", ["mxu"] = "Mada (Cameroon)", ["mxv"] = "Metlatónoc Mixtec", ["mxw"] = "Namo", ["mxx"] = "Mahou", ["mxy"] = "Southeastern Nochixtlán Mixtec", ["mxz"] = "Central Masela", ["my"] = "พม่า", ["myb"] = "Mbay", ["myc"] = "Mayeka", ["mye"] = "Myene", ["myf"] = "Bambassi", ["myg"] = "Manta", ["myh"] = "Makah", ["myj"] = "Mangayat", ["myk"] = "Mamara Senoufo", ["myl"] = "Moma", ["mym"] = "Me'en", ["myn-chl"] = "Ch'olti'", ["myn-pro"] = "มายันดั้งเดิม", ["myo"] = "Anfillo", ["myp"] = "Pirahã", ["myr"] = "Muniche", ["mys"] = "Mesmes", ["myu"] = "Mundurukú", ["myv"] = "เอร์เซีย", ["myw"] = "Muyuw", ["myx"] = "Masaba", ["myy"] = "Macuna", ["myz"] = "Classical Mandaic", ["mza"] = "Santa María Zacatepec Mixtec", ["mzb"] = "Northern Saharan Berber", ["mzc"] = "Madagascar Sign Language", ["mzd"] = "Malimba", ["mze"] = "Morawa", ["mzg"] = "Monastic Sign Language", ["mzh"] = "Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay", ["mzi"] = "Ixcatlán Mazatec", ["mzj"] = "Manya", ["mzk"] = "Nigeria Mambila", ["mzl"] = "Mazatlán Mixe", ["mzm"] = "Mumuye", ["mzn"] = "มอแซนแดรอน", ["mzo"] = "Matipuhy", ["mzp"] = "Movima", ["mzq"] = "Mori Atas", ["mzr"] = "Marúbo", ["mzs"] = "ครีโอลมาเก๊า", ["mzt"] = "Mintil", ["mzu"] = "Inapang", ["mzv"] = "Manza", ["mzw"] = "Deg", ["mzx"] = "Mawayana", ["mzy"] = "Mozambican Sign Language", ["mzz"] = "Maiadomu", ["na"] = "นาอูรู", ["naa"] = "Namla", ["nab"] = "Nambikwara", ["nac"] = "Narak", ["nae"] = "Naka'ela", ["naf"] = "Nabak", ["nag"] = "Naga Pidgin", ["nah"] = "นาวัตล์", ["nai-ala"] = "Alazapa", ["nai-bay"] = "Bayogoula", ["nai-cal"] = "Calusa", ["nai-chi"] = "Chiquimulilla", ["nai-chu-pro"] = "Proto-Chumash", ["nai-cig"] = "Ciguayo", ["nai-ckn-pro"] = "Proto-Chinookan", ["nai-guz"] = "Guazacapán", ["nai-hit"] = "Hitchiti", ["nai-ipa"] = "Ipai", ["nai-jtp"] = "Jutiapa", ["nai-jum"] = "Jumaytepeque", ["nai-kat"] = "Kathlamet", ["nai-klp-pro"] = "Proto-Kalapuyan", ["nai-knm"] = "Konomihu", ["nai-kum"] = "Kumeyaay", ["nai-mac"] = "Macoris", ["nai-mdu-pro"] = "Proto-Maidun", ["nai-miz-pro"] = "Proto-Mixe-Zoque", ["nai-mus-pro"] = "Proto-Muskogean", ["nai-nao"] = "Naolan", ["nai-nrs"] = "New River Shasta", ["nai-okw"] = "Okwanuchu", ["nai-per"] = "Pericú", ["nai-pic"] = "Picuris", ["nai-plp-pro"] = "Proto-Plateau Penutian", ["nai-pom-pro"] = "Proto-Pomo", ["nai-qng"] = "Quinigua", ["nai-sca-pro"] = "Proto-Siouan-Catawban", ["nai-sin"] = "Sinacantán", ["nai-sln"] = "Salvadoran Lenca", ["nai-spt"] = "Sahaptin", ["nai-tap"] = "Tapachultec", ["nai-taw"] = "Tawasa", ["nai-teq"] = "Tequistlatec", ["nai-tip"] = "Tipai", ["nai-tot-pro"] = "Proto-Totozoquean", ["nai-tsi-pro"] = "Proto-Tsimshianic", ["nai-utn-pro"] = "Proto-Utian", ["nai-wai"] = "Waikuri", ["nai-wji"] = "Western Jicaque", ["nai-yup"] = "Yupiltepeque", ["naj"] = "Nalu", ["nak"] = "Nakanai", ["nal"] = "Nalik", ["nam"] = "Ngan'gityemerri", ["nan"] = "หมิ่นใต้", ["nan-dat"] = "Datian Min", ["nan-hbl"] = "ฮกเกี้ยน", ["nan-hlh"] = "Hailufeng Min", ["nan-lnx"] = "Longyan Min", ["nan-tws"] = "แต้จิ๋ว", ["nan-zhe"] = "Zhenan Min", ["nan-zsh"] = "Sanxiang Min", ["nao"] = "Naaba", ["nap"] = "นาโปลี", ["naq"] = "Khoekhoe", ["nar"] = "Iguta", ["nas"] = "Nasioi", ["nat"] = "Hungworo", ["naw"] = "Nawuri", ["nax"] = "Nakwi", ["nay"] = "Ngarrindjeri", ["naz"] = "Coatepec Nahuatl", ["nb"] = "นอร์เวย์แบบบุ๊กมอล", ["nba"] = "Nyemba", ["nbb"] = "Ndoe", ["nbc"] = "Chang", ["nbd"] = "Ngbinda", ["nbe"] = "Konyak Naga", ["nbg"] = "Nagarchal", ["nbh"] = "Ngamo", ["nbi"] = "Mao Naga", ["nbj"] = "Ngarinman", ["nbk"] = "Nake", ["nbm"] = "Ngbaka Ma'bo", ["nbn"] = "Kuri", ["nbo"] = "Nkukoli", ["nbp"] = "Nnam", ["nbq"] = "Nggem", ["nbr"] = "Numana", ["nbs"] = "Namibian Sign Language", ["nbt"] = "Na", ["nbu"] = "Rongmei Naga", ["nbv"] = "Ngamambo", ["nbw"] = "Southern Ngbandi", ["nby"] = "Ningera", ["nca"] = "Iyo", ["ncb"] = "นิโคบาร์กลาง", ["ncc"] = "Ponam", ["ncd"] = "Nachering", ["nce"] = "Yale", ["ncf"] = "Notsi", ["ncg"] = "Nisga'a", ["nch"] = "Central Huasteca Nahuatl", ["nci"] = "นาวัตล์คลาสสิก", ["ncj"] = "Northern Puebla Nahuatl", ["nck"] = "Nakara", ["ncl"] = "Michoacán Nahuatl", ["ncm"] = "Nambo", ["ncn"] = "Nauna", ["nco"] = "Sibe", ["ncr"] = "Ncane", ["ncs"] = "Nicaraguan Sign Language", ["nct"] = "Chothe Naga", ["ncu"] = "Chumburung", ["ncx"] = "Central Puebla Nahuatl", ["ncz"] = "Natchez", ["nd"] = "Northern Ndebele", ["nda"] = "Ndasa", ["ndb"] = "Kenswei Nsei", ["ndc"] = "Ndau", ["ndd"] = "Nde-Nsele-Nta", ["ndf"] = "Nadruvian", ["ndg"] = "Ndengereko", ["ndh"] = "Ndali", ["ndi"] = "Chamba Leko", ["ndj"] = "Ndamba", ["ndk"] = "Ndaka", ["ndl"] = "Ndolo", ["ndm"] = "Ndam", ["ndn"] = "Ngundi", ["ndp"] = "Ndo", ["ndq"] = "Ndombe", ["ndr"] = "Ndoola", ["nds"] = "เยอรมันต่ำ", ["nds-de"] = "เยอรมันต่ำแบบเยอรมนี", ["nds-nl"] = "Dutch Low Saxon", ["ndt"] = "Ndunga", ["ndu"] = "Dugun", ["ndv"] = "Ndut", ["ndw"] = "Ndobo", ["ndx"] = "Nduga", ["ndy"] = "Lutos", ["ndz"] = "Ndogo", ["ne"] = "เนปาล", ["nea"] = "Eastern Ngad'a", ["neb"] = "Toura", ["nec"] = "Nedebang", ["ned"] = "Nde-Gbite", ["nee"] = "Kumak", ["nef"] = "Nefamese", ["neg"] = "Negidal", ["neh"] = "Nyenkha", ["nej"] = "Neko", ["nek"] = "Neku", ["nem"] = "Nemi", ["nen"] = "Nengone", ["neo"] = "Ná-Meo", ["neq"] = "North Central Mixe", ["ner"] = "Yahadian", ["nes"] = "Bhoti Kinnauri", ["net"] = "Nete", ["neu"] = "Neo", ["nev"] = "Nyaheun", ["new"] = "เนวาร์", ["nex"] = "Neme", ["ney"] = "Neyo", ["nez"] = "Nez Perce", ["nfa"] = "Dhao", ["nfd"] = "Ahwai", ["nfl"] = "Äiwoo", ["nfr"] = "Nafaanra", ["nfu"] = "Mfumte", ["ng"] = "Ndonga", ["nga"] = "Ngbaka", ["ngb"] = "Northern Ngbandi", ["ngc"] = "Ngombe (Congo)", ["ngd"] = "Ngando (Central African Republic)", ["nge"] = "Ngemba", ["ngf-pro"] = "Proto-Trans-New Guinea", ["ngg"] = "Ngbaka Manza", ["ngh"] = "Nǀuu", ["ngi"] = "Ngizim", ["ngj"] = "Ngie", ["ngk"] = "Ngalkbun", ["ngl"] = "Lomwe", ["ngm"] = "Ngatik Men's Creole", ["ngn"] = "Ngwo", ["ngo"] = "Ngoni", ["ngp"] = "Ngulu", ["ngq"] = "Ngoreme", ["ngr"] = "Nagu", ["ngs"] = "Gvoko", ["ngt"] = "Ngeq", ["ngu"] = "Guerrero Nahuatl", ["ngv"] = "Nagumi", ["ngw"] = "Ngwaba", ["ngx"] = "Nggwahyi", ["ngy"] = "Tibea", ["ngz"] = "Ngungwel", ["nha"] = "Nhanda", ["nhb"] = "Beng", ["nhc"] = "Tabasco Nahuatl", ["nhd"] = "Chiripá", ["nhe"] = "Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl", ["nhf"] = "Nhuwala", ["nhg"] = "Tetelcingo Nahuatl", ["nhh"] = "Nahari", ["nhi"] = "Zacatlán-Ahuacatlán-Tepetzintla Nahuatl", ["nhk"] = "Cosoleacaque Nahuatl", ["nhm"] = "Morelos Nahuatl", ["nhn"] = "นาวัตล์ตอนกลาง", ["nho"] = "Takuu", ["nhp"] = "Pajapan Nahuatl", ["nhq"] = "Huaxcaleca Nahuatl", ["nhr"] = "Naro", ["nht"] = "Ometepec Nahuatl", ["nhu"] = "Noone", ["nhv"] = "Temascaltepec Nahuatl", ["nhw"] = "Western Huasteca Nahuatl", ["nhx"] = "Mecayapan Nahuatl", ["nhy"] = "Northern Oaxaca Nahuatl", ["nhz"] = "Santa María La Alta Nahuatl", ["nia"] = "Nias", ["nib"] = "Nakame", ["nic-bco-pro"] = "เบนูเอ-คองโกดั้งเดิม", ["nic-bod-pro"] = "แบนทอยด์ดั้งเดิม", ["nic-eov-pro"] = "Proto-Eastern Oti-Volta", ["nic-gns-pro"] = "Proto-Gurunsi", ["nic-grf-pro"] = "Proto-Grassfields", ["nic-gur-pro"] = "กูร์ดั้งเดิม", ["nic-jkn-pro"] = "Proto-Jukunoid", ["nic-lcr-pro"] = "Proto-Lower Cross River", ["nic-ogo-pro"] = "Proto-Ogoni", ["nic-ovo-pro"] = "Proto-Oti-Volta", ["nic-plt-pro"] = "Proto-Plateau", ["nic-pro"] = "ไนเจอร์-คองโกดั้งเดิม", ["nic-ubg-pro"] = "Proto-Ubangian", ["nic-ucr-pro"] = "Proto-Upper Cross River", ["nic-vco-pro"] = "วอลตา-คองโกดั้งเดิม", ["nid"] = "Ngandi", ["nie"] = "Niellim", ["nif"] = "Nek", ["nig"] = "Ngalakan", ["nih"] = "Nyiha", ["nii"] = "Nii", ["nij"] = "Ngaju", ["nik"] = "Southern Nicobarese", ["nil"] = "Nila", ["nim"] = "Nilamba", ["nin"] = "Ninzo", ["nio"] = "Nganasan", ["niq"] = "Nandi", ["nir"] = "Nimboran", ["nis"] = "Nimi", ["nit"] = "Southeastern Kolami", ["niu"] = "นีวเว", ["niv"] = "Nivkh", ["niw"] = "Nimo", ["nix"] = "Hema", ["niy"] = "Ngiti", ["niz"] = "Ningil", ["nja"] = "Nzanyi", ["njb"] = "Nocte", ["njh"] = "Lotha Naga", ["nji"] = "Gudanji", ["njj"] = "Njen", ["njl"] = "Njalgulgule", ["njm"] = "Angami", ["njn"] = "Liangmai Naga", ["njo"] = "Ao", ["njr"] = "Njerep", ["njs"] = "Nisa", ["njt"] = "Ndyuka-Trio Pidgin", ["nju"] = "Ngadjunmaya", ["njx"] = "Kunyi", ["njy"] = "Njyem", ["njz"] = "Nyishi", ["nka"] = "Nkoya", ["nkb"] = "Khoibu Naga", ["nkc"] = "Nkongho", ["nkd"] = "Koireng", ["nke"] = "Duke", ["nkf"] = "Inpui Naga", ["nkg"] = "Nekgini", ["nkh"] = "Khezha Naga", ["nki"] = "Thangal Naga", ["nkj"] = "Nakai", ["nkk"] = "Nokuku", ["nkm"] = "Namat", ["nkn"] = "Nkangala", ["nko"] = "Nkonya", ["nkp"] = "Niuatoputapu", ["nkq"] = "Nkami", ["nkr"] = "Nukuoro", ["nks"] = "North Asmat", ["nkt"] = "Nyika", ["nku"] = "Bouna Kulango", ["nkw"] = "Nkutu", ["nkx"] = "Nkoroo", ["nkz"] = "Nkari", ["nl"] = "ดัตช์", ["nla"] = "Ngombale", ["nlc"] = "Nalca", ["nle"] = "East Nyala", ["nlg"] = "Gela", ["nli"] = "Grangali", ["nlj"] = "Nyali", ["nlk"] = "Ninia Yali", ["nll"] = "Nihali", ["nlm"] = "Mankiyali", ["nlo"] = "Ngul", ["nlq"] = "Lao Naga", ["nlu"] = "Nchumbulu", ["nlv"] = "Orizaba Nahuatl", ["nlw"] = "Walangama", ["nlx"] = "Nahali", ["nly"] = "Nyamal", ["nlz"] = "Nalögo", ["nma"] = "Maram Naga", ["nmb"] = "Big Nambas", ["nmc"] = "Ngam", ["nmd"] = "Ndumu", ["nme"] = "Mzieme Naga", ["nmf"] = "Tangkhul Naga", ["nmg"] = "Kwasio", ["nmh"] = "Monsang Naga", ["nmi"] = "Nyam", ["nmj"] = "Ngombe (Central African Republic)", ["nmk"] = "Namakura", ["nml"] = "Ndemli", ["nmm"] = "Manangba", ["nmn"] = "ǃXóõ", ["nmo"] = "Moyon Naga", ["nmp"] = "Nimanbur", ["nmq"] = "Nambya", ["nmr"] = "Nimbari", ["nms"] = "Letemboi", ["nmt"] = "Namonuito", ["nmu"] = "Northeast Maidu", ["nmv"] = "Ngamini", ["nmw"] = "Nimoa", ["nmy"] = "Namuyi", ["nmz"] = "Nawdm", ["nn"] = "นอร์เวย์แบบนือนอสก์", ["nna"] = "Nyangumarta", ["nnb"] = "Nande", ["nnc"] = "Nancere", ["nnd"] = "West Ambae", ["nne"] = "Ngandyera", ["nnf"] = "Ngaing", ["nng"] = "Maring Naga", ["nnh"] = "Ngiemboon", ["nni"] = "North Nuaulu", ["nnj"] = "Nyangatom", ["nnk"] = "Nankina", ["nnl"] = "Northern Rengma Naga", ["nnm"] = "Namia", ["nnn"] = "Ngete", ["nnp"] = "Wancho", ["nnq"] = "Ngindo", ["nnr"] = "Narungga", ["nnt"] = "Nanticoke", ["nnu"] = "Dwang", ["nnv"] = "Nukunu", ["nnw"] = "Southern Nuni", ["nnx"] = "Ngong", ["nny"] = "Nyangga", ["nnz"] = "Nda'nda'", ["no"] = "นอร์เวย์", ["noa"] = "Woun Meu", ["noc"] = "Nuk", ["nod"] = "คำเมือง", ["noe"] = "Nimadi", ["nof"] = "Nomane", ["nog"] = "Nogai", ["noh"] = "Nomu", ["noi"] = "Noiri", ["noj"] = "Nonuya", ["nok"] = "Nooksack", ["nol"] = "Nomlaki", ["nom"] = "Nocamán", ["non"] = "นอร์สเก่า", ["nop"] = "Numanggang", ["noq"] = "Ngongo", ["nos"] = "Eastern Nisu", ["not"] = "Nomatsiguenga", ["nou"] = "Ewage-Notu", ["nov"] = "โนเวียล", ["now"] = "Nyambo", ["noy"] = "Noy", ["noz"] = "Nayi", ["npa"] = "Nar Phu", ["npb"] = "Nupbikha", ["npg"] = "Ponyo", ["nph"] = "Phom", ["npl"] = "Southeastern Puebla Nahuatl", ["npn"] = "Mondropolon", ["npo"] = "Pochuri Naga", ["nps"] = "Nipsan", ["npu"] = "Puimei Naga", ["npy"] = "Napu", ["nqg"] = "Ede Nago", ["nqk"] = "Kura Ede Nago", ["nql"] = "Ngendelengo", ["nqm"] = "Ndom", ["nqn"] = "Nen", ["nqo"] = "N'Ko", ["nqq"] = "Kyan-Karyaw Naga", ["nqy"] = "Akyaung Ari", ["nr"] = "Southern Ndebele", ["nra"] = "Ngom", ["nrb"] = "Nara", ["nrc"] = "Noric", ["nre"] = "Southern Rengma Naga", ["nrf"] = "นอร์มัน", ["nrg"] = "Narango", ["nri"] = "Chokri Naga", ["nrk"] = "Ngarla", ["nrl"] = "Ngarluma", ["nrm"] = "Narom", ["nrn"] = "Norn", ["nrp"] = "North Picene", ["nrr"] = "Norra", ["nrt"] = "Northern Kalapuya", ["nru"] = "Narua", ["nrx"] = "Ngurmbur", ["nrz"] = "Lala (New Guinea)", ["nsa"] = "Sangtam Naga", ["nsb"] = "Lower Nossob", ["nsc"] = "Nshi", ["nsd"] = "Southern Nisu", ["nse"] = "Nsenga", ["nsg"] = "Ngasa", ["nsh"] = "Ngoshie", ["nsi"] = "Nigerian Sign Language", ["nsk"] = "Naskapi", ["nsl"] = "Norwegian Sign Language", ["nsm"] = "Sema", ["nsn"] = "Nehan", ["nso"] = "ซูทูเหนือ", ["nsp"] = "มือเนปาล", ["nsq"] = "Northern Sierra Miwok", ["nsr"] = "Maritime Sign Language", ["nss"] = "Nali", ["nst"] = "Tangsa", ["nsu"] = "Sierra Negra Nahuatl", ["nsv"] = "Southwestern Nisu", ["nsw"] = "Navut", ["nsx"] = "Nsongo", ["nsy"] = "Nasal", ["nsz"] = "Nisenan", ["ntd"] = "Northern Tidung", ["ntg"] = "Ngantangarra", ["nti"] = "Natioro", ["ntj"] = "Ngaanyatjarra", ["ntk"] = "Ikoma", ["ntm"] = "Nateni", ["nto"] = "Ntomba", ["ntp"] = "Northern Tepehuan", ["ntr"] = "Delo", ["nts"] = "Natagaimas", ["ntu"] = "Natügu", ["ntw"] = "Nottoway", ["ntx"] = "Somra", ["nty"] = "Mantsi", ["nua"] = "Yuanga", ["nub-har"] = "Haraza", ["nub-pro"] = "นูเบียนดั้งเดิม", ["nuc"] = "Nukuini", ["nud"] = "Ngala", ["nue"] = "Ngundu", ["nuf"] = "Nusu", ["nug"] = "Nungali", ["nuh"] = "Ndunda", ["nui"] = "Ngumbi", ["nuj"] = "Nyole (Uganda)", ["nuk"] = "Nootka", ["nul"] = "Nusa Laut", ["num"] = "Niuafo'ou", ["nun"] = "Anong", ["nuo"] = "หง่วน", ["nup"] = "Nupe", ["nuq"] = "Nukumanu", ["nur"] = "Nuguria", ["nus"] = "Nuer", ["nut"] = "นุง", ["nuu"] = "Ngbundu", ["nuv"] = "Northern Nuni", ["nuw"] = "Nguluwan", ["nux"] = "Mehek", ["nuy"] = "Nunggubuyu", ["nuz"] = "Tlamacazapa Nahuatl", ["nv"] = "นาวาโฮ", ["nvh"] = "Nasarian", ["nvm"] = "Namiae", ["nvo"] = "Nyokon", ["nwa"] = "Nawathinehena", ["nwb"] = "Nyabwa", ["nwc"] = "เนวาร์คลาสสิก", ["nwe"] = "Ngwe", ["nwi"] = "Southwest Tanna", ["nwm"] = "Nyamusa-Molo", ["nwo"] = "Nauo", ["nwr"] = "Nawaru", ["nwx"] = "เนวาร์กลาง", ["nwy"] = "Nottoway-Meherrin", ["nxa"] = "Nauete", ["nxd"] = "Ngando (Congo)", ["nxe"] = "Nage", ["nxg"] = "Ngadha", ["nxi"] = "Nindi", ["nxl"] = "South Nuaulu", ["nxm"] = "Numidian", ["nxn"] = "Ngawun", ["nxo"] = "Ndambomo", ["nxq"] = "Naxi", ["nxr"] = "Ninggerum", ["nxx"] = "Nafri", ["ny"] = "เจวา", ["nyb"] = "Nyangbo", ["nyc"] = "Nyanga-li", ["nyd"] = "Nyole (Kenya)", ["nye"] = "Nyengo", ["nyf"] = "Giryama", ["nyg"] = "Nyindu", ["nyh"] = "Nyigina", ["nyi"] = "Nyimang", ["nyj"] = "Nyanga (Congo)", ["nyk"] = "Nyaneka", ["nyl"] = "Nyeu", ["nym"] = "Nyamwezi", ["nyn"] = "Nyankole", ["nyo"] = "Nyoro", ["nyp"] = "Nyang'i", ["nys"] = "Nyunga", ["nyt"] = "Nyawaygi", ["nyu"] = "Nyungwe", ["nyv"] = "Nyulnyul", ["nyw"] = "ญ้อ", ["nyx"] = "Nganyaywana", ["nyy"] = "Nyakyusa", ["nza"] = "Tigon Mbembe", ["nzb"] = "Njebi", ["nzd"] = "Nzadi", ["nzi"] = "Nzima", ["nzk"] = "Nzakara", ["nzm"] = "Zeme Naga", ["nzs"] = "New Zealand Sign Language", ["nzu"] = "Central Teke", ["nzy"] = "Nzakambay", ["nzz"] = "Nanga Dama Dogon", ["oaa"] = "Orok", ["oac"] = "Oroch", ["oak"] = "Noakhali", ["oav"] = "อะวาร์เก่า", ["obi"] = "Obispeño", ["obk"] = "Southern Bontoc", ["obl"] = "Oblo", ["obm"] = "โมอับ", ["obo"] = "Obo Manobo", ["obr"] = "พม่าเก่า", ["obt"] = "เบรอตงเก่า", ["obu"] = "Obulom", ["oc"] = "อุตซิตา", ["oca"] = "Ocaina", ["och"] = "จีนเก่า", ["oco"] = "คอร์นวอลล์เก่า", ["ocu"] = "Tlahuica", ["oda"] = "Odut", ["odk"] = "Od", ["odt"] = "ดัตช์เก่า", ["odu"] = "Odual", ["ofo"] = "Ofo", ["ofs"] = "ฟรีเชียเก่า", ["ofu"] = "Efutop", ["ogb"] = "Ogbia", ["ogc"] = "Ogbah", ["oge"] = "จอร์เจียเก่า", ["ogg"] = "Ogbogolo", ["ogo"] = "Khana", ["ogu"] = "Ogbronuagum", ["ohu"] = "ฮังการีเก่า", ["oia"] = "Oirata", ["oin"] = "Inebu One", ["oj"] = "โอจิบเว", ["ojb"] = "Northwestern Ojibwa", ["ojc"] = "Central Ojibwa", ["ojg"] = "Eastern Ojibwa", ["ojp"] = "ญี่ปุ่นเก่า", ["ojs"] = "Severn Ojibwa", ["ojv"] = "Ontong Java", ["ojw"] = "Western Ojibwa", ["oka"] = "Okanagan", ["okb"] = "Okobo", ["okd"] = "Okodia", ["oke"] = "Okpe (Southwestern Edo)", ["okg"] = "Kok-Paponk", ["okh"] = "Koresh-e Rostam", ["oki"] = "Okiek", ["okj"] = "Oko-Juwoi", ["okk"] = "Kwamtim One", ["okl"] = "Old Kentish Sign Language", ["okm"] = "เกาหลีกลาง", ["okn"] = "โอกิโนเอราบุ", ["oko"] = "เกาหลีเก่า", ["okr"] = "Kirike", ["oks"] = "Oko-Eni-Osayen", ["oku"] = "Oku", ["okv"] = "Orokaiva", ["okx"] = "Okpe (Northwestern Edo)", ["okz"] = "เขมรเก่า", ["old"] = "Mochi", ["ole"] = "Olekha", ["olm"] = "Oloma", ["olo"] = "ลิววี", ["olr"] = "Olrat", ["olt"] = "ลิทัวเนียเก่า", ["olu"] = "Kuvale", ["om"] = "ออโรโม", ["oma"] = "Omaha-Ponca", ["omb"] = "Omba", ["omc"] = "Mochica", ["omg"] = "Omagua", ["omi"] = "Omi", ["omk"] = "Omok", ["oml"] = "Ombo", ["omn"] = "ไมนอส", ["omo"] = "Utarmbung", ["omp"] = "มณีปุระเก่า", ["omq-cha-pro"] = "Proto-Chatino", ["omq-maz-pro"] = "Proto-Mazatec", ["omq-mix-pro"] = "Proto-Mixtecan", ["omq-mxt-pro"] = "Proto-Mixtec", ["omq-otp-pro"] = "Proto-Oto-Pamean", ["omq-pro"] = "Proto-Oto-Manguean", ["omq-sjq"] = "San Juan Quiahije Chatino", ["omq-tel"] = "Teposcolula Mixtec", ["omq-teo"] = "Teojomulco Chatino", ["omq-tri-pro"] = "Proto-Triqui", ["omq-zap-pro"] = "Proto-Zapotecan", ["omq-zpc-pro"] = "Proto-Zapotec", ["omr"] = "มราฐีเก่า", ["omt"] = "Omotik", ["omu"] = "Omurano", ["omv-aro-pro"] = "Proto-Aroid", ["omv-diz-pro"] = "Proto-Dizoid", ["omv-pro"] = "Proto-Omotic", ["omw"] = "South Tairora", ["omx"] = "มอญเก่า", ["ona"] = "Selk'nam", ["onb"] = "เบ", ["one"] = "Oneida", ["ong"] = "Olo", ["oni"] = "Onin", ["onj"] = "Onjob", ["onk"] = "Kabore One", ["onn"] = "Onobasulu", ["ono"] = "Onondaga", ["onp"] = "Sartang", ["onr"] = "Northern One", ["ons"] = "Ono", ["ont"] = "Ontenu", ["onu"] = "Unua", ["onw"] = "นิวเบียเก่า", ["onx"] = "Pidgin Onin", ["ood"] = "O'odham", ["oog"] = "Ong", ["oon"] = "Önge", ["oor"] = "Oorlams", ["opa"] = "Okpamheri", ["opk"] = "Kopkaka", ["opm"] = "Oksapmin", ["opo"] = "Opao", ["opt"] = "Opata", ["opy"] = "Ofayé", ["or"] = "โอริยา", ["ora"] = "Oroha", ["ore"] = "Orejón", ["org"] = "Oring", ["orh"] = "Oroqen", ["oro"] = "Orokolo", ["orr"] = "Oruma", ["ort"] = "Adivasi Odia", ["oru"] = "Ormuri", ["orv"] = "สลาวิกตะวันออกเก่า", ["orw"] = "Oro Win", ["orx"] = "Oro", ["orz"] = "Ormu", ["os"] = "ออสซีเซีย", ["osa"] = "Osage", ["osc"] = "Oscan", ["osi"] = "โอซิง", ["osn"] = "Old Sundanese", ["oso"] = "Ososo", ["osp"] = "สเปนเก่า", ["ost"] = "Osatu", ["osu"] = "Southern One", ["osx"] = "แซกซันเก่า", ["ota"] = "ตุรกีแบบออตโตมัน", ["otb"] = "ทิเบตเก่า", ["otd"] = "Ot Danum", ["ote"] = "Mezquital Otomi", ["oti"] = "Oti", ["otk"] = "เตอร์กิกเก่า", ["otl"] = "Tilapa Otomi", ["otm"] = "Eastern Highland Otomi", ["otn"] = "Tenango Otomi", ["oto-otm-pro"] = "Proto-Otomi", ["oto-pro"] = "Proto-Otomian", ["otq"] = "Querétaro Otomi", ["otr"] = "Otoro", ["ots"] = "Estado de México Otomi", ["ott"] = "Temoaya Otomi", ["otu"] = "Otuke", ["otw"] = "Ottawa", ["otx"] = "Texcatepec Otomi", ["oty"] = "ทมิฬเก่า", ["otz"] = "Ixtenco Otomi", ["oub"] = "Glio-Oubi", ["oue"] = "Oune", ["oui"] = "อุยกูร์เก่า", ["oum"] = "Ouma", ["ovd"] = "แอลฟ์ดาเลิน", ["owi"] = "Owiniga", ["owl"] = "เวลส์เก่า", ["oyb"] = "Oy", ["oyd"] = "Oyda", ["oym"] = "Wayampi", ["oyy"] = "Oya'oya", ["ozm"] = "Koonzime", ["pa"] = "ปัญจาบ", ["paa-bin-pro"] = "Proto-Binanderean", ["paa-kom"] = "Kómnzo", ["paa-kwn"] = "Kuwani", ["paa-nha-pro"] = "Proto-North Halmahera", ["paa-nun"] = "Nungon", ["pab"] = "Pareci", ["pac"] = "ปาโกะห์", ["pad"] = "Paumarí", ["pae"] = "Pagibete", ["paf"] = "Paranawát", ["pag"] = "Pangasinan", ["pah"] = "Tenharim", ["pai"] = "Pe", ["pak"] = "Parakanã", ["pal"] = "เปอร์เซียกลาง", ["pam"] = "กาปัมปางัน", ["pao"] = "Northern Paiute", ["pap"] = "ปาเปียเมนตู", ["paq"] = "Parya", ["par"] = "Panamint", ["pas"] = "Papasena", ["pau"] = "ปาเลา", ["pav"] = "Wari'", ["paw"] = "Pawnee", ["pax"] = "Pankararé", ["pay"] = "Pech", ["paz"] = "Pankararú", ["pbb"] = "Páez", ["pbc"] = "Patamona", ["pbe"] = "Mezontla Popoloca", ["pbf"] = "Coyotepec Popoloca", ["pbg"] = "Paraujano", ["pbh"] = "Panare", ["pbi"] = "Podoko", ["pbl"] = "Mak (Nigeria)", ["pbm"] = "Puebla Mazatec", ["pbn"] = "Kpasam", ["pbo"] = "Papel", ["pbp"] = "Badyara", ["pbr"] = "Pangwa", ["pbs"] = "Central Pame", ["pbv"] = "ปนัร", ["pby"] = "Pyu (New Guinea)", ["pca"] = "Santa Inés Ahuatempan Popoloca", ["pcb"] = "ปอร์", ["pcc"] = "ปู้อี", ["pcd"] = "ปีการ์", ["pce"] = "Ruching Palaung", ["pcf"] = "Paliyan", ["pcg"] = "Paniya", ["pch"] = "Pardhan", ["pci"] = "Duruwa", ["pcj"] = "Parenga", ["pck"] = "Paite", ["pcl"] = "Pardhi", ["pcm"] = "Nigerian Pidgin", ["pcn"] = "Piti", ["pcp"] = "Pacahuara", ["pcw"] = "Pyapun", ["pda"] = "Anam", ["pdc"] = "เยอรมันแบบเพนซิลเวเนีย", ["pdi"] = "Pa Di", ["pdn"] = "Fedan", ["pdo"] = "Padoe", ["pdt"] = "เพลาท์ดิทช์", ["pdu"] = "กะยัน", ["pea"] = "Peranakan Indonesian", ["peb"] = "Eastern Pomo", ["ped"] = "Mala (New Guinea)", ["pee"] = "Taje", ["pef"] = "Northeastern Pomo", ["peg"] = "Pengo", ["peh"] = "Bonan", ["pei"] = "Chichimeca-Jonaz", ["pej"] = "Northern Pomo", ["pek"] = "Penchal", ["pel"] = "Pekal", ["pem"] = "Phende", ["peo"] = "เปอร์เซียเก่า", ["pep"] = "Kunja", ["peq"] = "Southern Pomo", ["pev"] = "Pémono", ["pex"] = "Petats", ["pey"] = "Petjo", ["pez"] = "Eastern Penan", ["pfa"] = "Pááfang", ["pfe"] = "Peere", ["pga"] = "Juba Arabic", ["pgd"] = "คานธาระ", ["pgg"] = "ปังควาฬฺ", ["pgi"] = "Pagi", ["pgk"] = "Rerep", ["pgl"] = "Primitive Irish", ["pgn"] = "Paelignian", ["pgs"] = "Pangseng", ["pgu"] = "Pagu", ["pgz"] = "Papua New Guinean Sign Language", ["pha"] = "Pa-Hng", ["phd"] = "Phudagi", ["phg"] = "Phuong", ["phh"] = "Phukha", ["phi-din"] = "Dinapigue Agta", ["phi-kal-pro"] = "คาลาเมียนดั้งเดิม", ["phi-nag"] = "Nagtipunan Agta", ["phi-pro"] = "ฟิลิปปินส์ดั้งเดิม", ["phk"] = "พ่าเก", ["phl"] = "Palula", ["phm"] = "Phimbi", ["phn"] = "ฟินิเชีย", ["pho"] = "ผู้น้อย", ["phq"] = "Phana'", ["phr"] = "Pahari-Potwari", ["pht"] = "ผู้ไท", ["phu"] = "พวน", ["phv"] = "Pahlavani", ["phw"] = "Phangduwali", ["pi"] = "บาลี", ["pia"] = "Pima Bajo", ["pib"] = "Yine", ["pic"] = "Pinji", ["pid"] = "Piaroa", ["pie"] = "Piro", ["pif"] = "Pingelapese", ["pig"] = "Pisabo", ["pih"] = "Pitcairn-Norfolk", ["pii"] = "Pini", ["pij"] = "Pijao", ["pil"] = "Yom", ["pim"] = "Powhatan", ["pin"] = "Piame", ["pio"] = "Piapoco", ["pip"] = "Pero", ["pir"] = "Piratapuyo", ["pis"] = "Pijin", ["pit"] = "Pitta-Pitta", ["piu"] = "Pintupi-Luritja", ["piv"] = "Pileni", ["piw"] = "Pimbwe", ["pix"] = "Piu", ["piy"] = "Piya-Kwonci", ["piz"] = "Pije", ["pjt"] = "Pitjantjatjara", ["pkb"] = "Kipfokomo", ["pkc"] = "แพ็กเจ", ["pkg"] = "Pak-Tong", ["pkh"] = "Pankhu", ["pkn"] = "Pakanha", ["pko"] = "Pökoot", ["pkp"] = "ปูกาปูกา", ["pkr"] = "Attapady Kurumba", ["pks"] = "Pakistan Sign Language", ["pkt"] = "Maleng", ["pku"] = "Paku", ["pl"] = "โปแลนด์", ["pla"] = "Miani", ["plb"] = "Polonombauk", ["plc"] = "ปาลาวาโนตอนกลาง", ["ple"] = "Palu'e", ["plg"] = "Pilagá", ["plh"] = "Paulohi", ["plj"] = "Polci", ["plk"] = "Kohistani Shina", ["pll"] = "Shwe Palaung", ["pln"] = "Palenquero", ["plo"] = "Oluta Popoluca", ["plq"] = "Palaic", ["plr"] = "Palaka Senoufo", ["pls"] = "San Marcos Tlalcoyalco Popoloca", ["plu"] = "Palikur", ["plv"] = "ปาลาวาโนตะวันตกเฉียงใต้", ["plw"] = "ปาลาวาโนแบบบรูกส์พอยต์", ["ply"] = "Bolyu", ["plz"] = "Paluan", ["pma"] = "Paamese", ["pmb"] = "Pambia", ["pmd"] = "Pallanganmiddang", ["pme"] = "Pwaamèi", ["pmf"] = "Pamona", ["pmi"] = "Northern Pumi", ["pmj"] = "Southern Pumi", ["pmk"] = "Pamlico", ["pml"] = "Sabir", ["pmm"] = "Pol", ["pmn"] = "Pam", ["pmo"] = "Pom", ["pmq"] = "Northern Pame", ["pmr"] = "Paynamar", ["pms"] = "ปีเยมอนเต", ["pmt"] = "Tuamotuan", ["pmu"] = "Mirpur Panjabi", ["pmw"] = "Plains Miwok", ["pmx"] = "Poumei Naga", ["pmy"] = "Papuan Malay", ["pmz"] = "Southern Pame", ["pna"] = "Punan Bah-Biau", ["pnc"] = "Pannei", ["pnd"] = "Mpinda", ["pne"] = "Western Penan", ["png"] = "Pongu", ["pnh"] = "Penrhyn", ["pni"] = "Aoheng", ["pnj"] = "Pinjarup", ["pnk"] = "Paunaka", ["pnl"] = "Paleni", ["pnm"] = "Punan Batu", ["pnn"] = "Pinai-Hagahai", ["pno"] = "Panobo", ["pnp"] = "Pancana", ["pnq"] = "Pana (West Africa)", ["pnr"] = "Panim", ["pns"] = "Ponosakan", ["pnt"] = "Pontic Greek", ["pnu"] = "Jiongnai Bunu", ["pnv"] = "Pinigura", ["pnw"] = "Panyjima", ["pnx"] = "Phong-Kniang", ["pny"] = "Pinyin", ["pnz"] = "Pana (Central Africa)", ["poc"] = "Poqomam", ["poe"] = "San Juan Atzingo Popoloca", ["pof"] = "Poke", ["pog"] = "Potiguára", ["poh"] = "Poqomchi'", ["poi"] = "Highland Popoluca", ["pok"] = "Pokangá", ["pom"] = "Southeastern Pomo", ["pon"] = "Pohnpeian", ["poo"] = "Central Pomo", ["pop"] = "Pwapwâ", ["poq"] = "Texistepec Popoluca", ["pos"] = "Sayula Popoluca", ["pot"] = "Potawatomi", ["pov"] = "ครีโอลกินี-บิสเซา", ["pow"] = "San Felipe Otlaltepec Popoloca", ["pox"] = "Polabian", ["poy"] = "Pogolo", ["poz-abi"] = "Abai", ["poz-bal"] = "Baliledo", ["poz-btk-pro"] = "Proto-Bungku-Tolaki", ["poz-cet-pro"] = "มาลาโย-พอลินีเชียนตอนกลาง-ตะวันออกดั้งเดิม", ["poz-hce-pro"] = "Proto-Halmahera-Cenderawasih", ["poz-lgx-pro"] = "ลัมปุงกิกดั้งเดิม", ["poz-mcm-pro"] = "มาลาโย-จามิกดั้งเดิม", ["poz-mic-pro"] = "ไมโครนีเซียนดั้งเดิม", ["poz-mly-pro"] = "มาเลย์อิกดั้งเดิม", ["poz-msa-pro"] = "มาลาโย-ซุมบาวันดั้งเดิม", ["poz-oce-pro"] = "โอเชียนิกดั้งเดิม", ["poz-pep-pro"] = "พอลินีเชียนตะวันออกดั้งเดิม", ["poz-pnp-pro"] = "นิวเคลียร์พอลินีเชียนดั้งเดิม", ["poz-pol-pro"] = "พอลินีเชียนดั้งเดิม", ["poz-pro"] = "มาลาโย-พอลินีเชียนดั้งเดิม", ["poz-sml"] = "Sarawak Malay", ["poz-ssw-pro"] = "ซูลาเวซีใต้ดั้งเดิม", ["poz-swa-pro"] = "ซาราวักเหนือดั้งเดิม", ["poz-ter"] = "มลายูแบบตรังกานู", ["ppa"] = "Pao", ["ppe"] = "Papi", ["ppi"] = "Paipai", ["ppk"] = "Uma", ["ppl"] = "ปีปิล", ["ppm"] = "Papuma", ["ppn"] = "Papapana", ["ppo"] = "Folopa", ["ppq"] = "Pei", ["pps"] = "San Luís Temalacayuca Popoloca", ["ppt"] = "Pa", ["ppu"] = "Papora", ["pqa"] = "Pa'a", ["pqe-pro"] = "มาลาโย-พอลินีเชียนตะวันออกดั้งเดิม", ["pqm"] = "Malecite-Passamaquoddy", ["pra"] = "ปรากฤต", ["pra-niy"] = "Niya Prakrit", ["prc"] = "Parachi", ["pre"] = "Principense", ["prf"] = "Paranan", ["prg"] = "Old Prussian", ["prh"] = "Porohanon", ["pri"] = "Paicî", ["prk"] = "Parauk", ["prl"] = "Peruvian Sign Language", ["prm"] = "Kibiri", ["prn"] = "Prasuni", ["pro"] = "อุตซิตาเก่า", ["prq"] = "Ashéninka Perené", ["prr"] = "Puri", ["prt"] = "Phai", ["pru"] = "Puragi", ["prw"] = "Parawen", ["prx"] = "Purik", ["prz"] = "Providencia Sign Language", ["ps"] = "ปาทาน", ["psa"] = "Asue Awyu", ["psc"] = "Persian Sign Language", ["psd"] = "Plains Indian Sign Language", ["pse"] = "มลายูตอนกลาง", ["psg"] = "Penang Sign Language", ["psh"] = "Southwest Pashayi", ["psi"] = "Southeast Pashayi", ["psl"] = "Puerto Rican Sign Language", ["psm"] = "Pauserna", ["psn"] = "Panasuan", ["pso"] = "Polish Sign Language", ["psp"] = "Philippine Sign Language", ["psq"] = "Pasi", ["psr"] = "Portuguese Sign Language", ["pss"] = "Kaulong", ["psw"] = "Port Sandwich", ["psy"] = "Piscataway", ["pt"] = "โปรตุเกส", ["pta"] = "Pai Tavytera", ["pth"] = "Pataxó Hã-Ha-Hãe", ["pti"] = "Pintiini", ["ptn"] = "Patani", ["pto"] = "Zo'é", ["ptp"] = "Patep", ["ptq"] = "Pattapu", ["ptr"] = "Piamatsina", ["ptt"] = "Enrekang", ["ptu"] = "Bambam", ["ptv"] = "Port Vato", ["ptw"] = "Pentlatch", ["pty"] = "Pathiya", ["pua"] = "Purepecha", ["pub"] = "Purum", ["puc"] = "Punan Merap", ["pud"] = "Punan Aput", ["pue"] = "Puelche", ["puf"] = "Punan Merah", ["pug"] = "Phuie", ["pui"] = "Puinave", ["puj"] = "Punan Tubu", ["pum"] = "Puma", ["puo"] = "Puoc", ["pup"] = "Pulabu", ["puq"] = "Puquina", ["pur"] = "Puruborá", ["put"] = "Putoh", ["puu"] = "Punu", ["puw"] = "Puluwat", ["pux"] = "Puare", ["puy"] = "Purisimeño", ["pwa"] = "Pawaia", ["pwb"] = "Panawa", ["pwg"] = "Gapapaiwa", ["pwi"] = "Patwin", ["pwm"] = "Molbog", ["pwn"] = "ไปวัน", ["pwo"] = "กะเหรี่ยงโปตะวันตก", ["pwr"] = "Powari", ["pww"] = "กะเหรี่ยงโปเหนือ", ["pxm"] = "Quetzaltepec Mixe", ["pye"] = "Pye Krumen", ["pym"] = "Fyam", ["pyn"] = "Poyanáwa", ["pys"] = "Paraguayan Sign Language", ["pyu"] = "Puyuma", ["pyx"] = "ปยู", ["pyy"] = "Pyen", ["pzh"] = "Pazeh", ["pzn"] = "Para Naga", ["qfa-adm-pro"] = "เกรตอันดามันนีสดั้งเดิม", ["qfa-bet-pro"] = "เบ-ไทดั้งเดิม", ["qfa-cka-pro"] = "Proto-Chukotko-Kamchatkan", ["qfa-hur-pro"] = "Proto-Hurro-Urartian", ["qfa-kad-pro"] = "Proto-Kadu", ["qfa-kms-pro"] = "Proto-Kam-Sui", ["qfa-kor-pro"] = "เกาหลีดั้งเดิม", ["qfa-kra-pro"] = "ขร้าดั้งเดิม", ["qfa-lic-pro"] = "ไหลดั้งเดิม", ["qfa-onb-pro"] = "เบดั้งเดิม", ["qfa-ong-pro"] = "Proto-Ongan", ["qfa-tak-pro"] = "ขร้า-ไทดั้งเดิม", ["qfa-yen-pro"] = "Proto-Yeniseian", ["qfa-yuk-pro"] = "Proto-Yukaghir", ["qu"] = "เกชัว", ["qua"] = "Quapaw", ["quc"] = "K'iche'", ["qui"] = "Quileute", ["qum"] = "Sipakapense", ["qun"] = "Quinault", ["quq"] = "Quinqui", ["quv"] = "Sacapulteco", ["qvy"] = "Queyu", ["qwc"] = "เกชัวคลาสสิก", ["qwe-kch"] = "Kichwa", ["qwe-pro"] = "เกชวนดั้งเดิม", ["qwm"] = "คูมาน", ["qwt"] = "Kwalhioqua-Tlatskanai", ["qxs"] = "Southern Qiang", ["qya"] = "เควนยา", ["qyp"] = "Quiripi", ["raa"] = "Dungmali", ["rab"] = "Chamling", ["rac"] = "Rasawa", ["rad"] = "ระแด", ["raf"] = "Western Meohang", ["rag"] = "Logooli", ["rah"] = "Rabha", ["rai"] = "Ramoaaina", ["rak"] = "Tulu-Bohuai", ["ral"] = "Ralte", ["ram"] = "Canela", ["ran"] = "Riantana", ["rao"] = "Rao", ["rap"] = "ราปานูอี", ["raq"] = "Saam", ["rar"] = "ราโรโตงา", ["ras"] = "Tegali", ["rat"] = "Razajerdi", ["rau"] = "Raute", ["rav"] = "Sampang", ["raw"] = "เรอหวั่ง", ["rax"] = "Rang", ["ray"] = "Rapa", ["raz"] = "Rahambuu", ["rbb"] = "Rumai Palaung", ["rbk"] = "Northern Bontoc", ["rbl"] = "Miraya Bikol", ["rcf"] = "Réunion Creole French", ["rdb"] = "Rudbari", ["rea"] = "Rerau", ["reb"] = "Rembong", ["ree"] = "Rejang Kayan", ["reg"] = "Kara (Tanzania)", ["rei"] = "Reli", ["rej"] = "Rejang", ["rel"] = "Rendille", ["rem"] = "Remo", ["ren"] = "Rengao", ["rer"] = "Rer Bare", ["res"] = "Reshe", ["ret"] = "Retta", ["rey"] = "Reyesano", ["rga"] = "Roria", ["rge"] = "Romano-Greek", ["rgk"] = "Rangkas", ["rgn"] = "โรมัญญา", ["rgr"] = "Resígaro", ["rgs"] = "Southern Roglai", ["rgu"] = "Ringgou", ["rhg"] = "โรฮีนจา", ["rhp"] = "Yahang", ["ria"] = "Reang", ["rif"] = "ริฟ", ["ril"] = "Riang", ["rim"] = "Nyaturu", ["rin"] = "Nungu", ["rir"] = "Ribun", ["rit"] = "Ritarungo", ["riu"] = "Riung", ["rjg"] = "Rajong", ["rji"] = "Raji", ["rjs"] = "ราชพังสี", ["rka"] = "Kraol", ["rkb"] = "Rikbaktsa", ["rkh"] = "Rakahanga-Manihiki", ["rki"] = "ยะไข่", ["rkm"] = "Marka", ["rkt"] = "Kamta", ["rkw"] = "Arakwal", ["rm"] = "โรมานช์", ["rma"] = "Rama", ["rmb"] = "Rembarunga", ["rmc"] = "Carpathian Romani", ["rmd"] = "Traveller Danish", ["rme"] = "Angloromani", ["rmf"] = "Kalo Finnish Romani", ["rmg"] = "Traveller Norwegian", ["rmh"] = "Murkim", ["rmi"] = "Lomavren", ["rmk"] = "Romkun", ["rml"] = "Baltic Romani", ["rmm"] = "Roma", ["rmn"] = "Balkan Romani", ["rmo"] = "Sinte Romani", ["rmp"] = "Rempi", ["rmq"] = "Caló", ["rms"] = "Romanian Sign Language", ["rmt"] = "Domari", ["rmu"] = "Tavringer Romani", ["rmv"] = "Romanova", ["rmw"] = "Welsh Romani", ["rmx"] = "Romam", ["rmy"] = "Vlax Romani", ["rmz"] = "Marma", ["rnd"] = "Ruwund", ["rng"] = "Ronga", ["rnl"] = "Ranglong", ["rnn"] = "Roon", ["rnp"] = "Rongpo", ["rnw"] = "Rungwa", ["ro"] = "โรมาเนีย", ["roa-ang"] = "Angevin", ["roa-bbn"] = "บูร์บอแน-แบรีชง", ["roa-brg"] = "Bourguignon", ["roa-can"] = "Cantabrian", ["roa-cha"] = "Champenois", ["roa-fcm"] = "Franc-Comtois", ["roa-gal"] = "Gallo", ["roa-gib"] = "Gallo-Italic of Basilicata", ["roa-gis"] = "Gallo-Italic of Sicily", ["roa-leo"] = "เลออน", ["roa-lor"] = "Lorrain", ["roa-oca"] = "กาตาลาเก่า", ["roa-ole"] = "เลออนเก่า", ["roa-ona"] = "Old Navarro-Aragonese", ["roa-opt"] = "กาลิเซีย-โปรตุเกสเก่า", ["roa-orl"] = "Orléanais", ["roa-poi"] = "Poitevin-Saintongeais", ["roa-tar"] = "Tarantino", ["rob"] = "Tae'", ["roc"] = "Cacgia Roglai", ["rod"] = "Rogo", ["roe"] = "Ronji", ["rof"] = "Rombo", ["rog"] = "Northern Roglai", ["rol"] = "Romblomanon", ["rom"] = "โรมานี", ["roo"] = "Rotokas", ["rop"] = "Australian Kriol", ["ror"] = "Rongga", ["rou"] = "Runga", ["row"] = "Dela-Oenale", ["rpn"] = "Repanbitip", ["rpt"] = "Rapting", ["rri"] = "Ririo", ["rro"] = "Roro", ["rrt"] = "Arritinngithigh", ["rsb"] = "Romano-Serbian", ["rsk"] = "รูซินแบบพันโนเนีย", ["rsl"] = "มือรัสเซีย", ["rsm"] = "Miriwoong Sign Language", ["rsn"] = "Rwandan Sign Language", ["rtc"] = "Rungtu", ["rth"] = "Ratahan", ["rtm"] = "Rotuman", ["rtw"] = "Rathawi", ["ru"] = "รัสเซีย", ["rub"] = "Gungu", ["ruc"] = "Ruuli", ["rue"] = "รูซินแบบคาร์พาเทีย", ["ruf"] = "Luguru", ["rug"] = "Roviana", ["ruh"] = "Ruga", ["rui"] = "Rufiji", ["ruk"] = "Che", ["ruo"] = "อิสโตร-โรมาเนีย", ["rup"] = "Aromanian", ["ruq"] = "Megleno-Romanian", ["rut"] = "Rutul", ["ruu"] = "Lanas Lobu", ["ruy"] = "Mala (Nigeria)", ["ruz"] = "Ruma", ["rw"] = "รวันดา-รุนดี", ["rwa"] = "Rawo", ["rwk"] = "Rwa", ["rwm"] = "Amba", ["rwo"] = "Rawa", ["rxd"] = "Ngardi", ["rxw"] = "Karuwali", ["ryn"] = "อามามิโอชิมะเหนือ", ["rys"] = "ยาเอยามะ", ["ryu"] = "โอกินาวะ", ["rzh"] = "Razihi", ["sa"] = "สันสกฤต", ["saa"] = "Saba", ["sab"] = "Buglere", ["sac"] = "Fox", ["sad"] = "Sandawe", ["sae"] = "Sabanê", ["saf"] = "Safaliba", ["sah"] = "ซาคา", ["sai-all"] = "Allentiac", ["sai-and"] = "Andoquero", ["sai-ayo"] = "Ayomán", ["sai-bae"] = "Baenan", ["sai-bag"] = "Bagua", ["sai-bet"] = "Betoi", ["sai-bor-pro"] = "Proto-Boran", ["sai-cac"] = "Cacán", ["sai-caq"] = "Caranqui", ["sai-car-pro"] = "Proto-Cariban", ["sai-cat"] = "Catacao", ["sai-cer-pro"] = "Proto-Cerrado", ["sai-chi"] = "Chirino", ["sai-chn"] = "Chaná", ["sai-chp"] = "Chapacura", ["sai-chr"] = "Charrua", ["sai-chu"] = "Churuya", ["sai-cje-pro"] = "Proto-Central Jê", ["sai-cmg"] = "Comechingon", ["sai-cno"] = "Chono", ["sai-cnr"] = "Cañari", ["sai-coe"] = "Coeruna", ["sai-col"] = "Colán", ["sai-cop"] = "Copallén", ["sai-crd"] = "Coroado Puri", ["sai-ctq"] = "Catuquinaru", ["sai-cul"] = "Culli", ["sai-cva"] = "Cueva", ["sai-esm"] = "Esmeralda", ["sai-ewa"] = "Ewarhuyana", ["sai-gam"] = "Gamela", ["sai-gay"] = "Gayón", ["sai-gmo"] = "Guamo", ["sai-gua"] = "Guachí", ["sai-gue"] = "Güenoa", ["sai-hau"] = "Haush", ["sai-jee-pro"] = "Proto-Jê", ["sai-jko"] = "Jeikó", ["sai-jrj"] = "Jirajara", ["sai-kat"] = "Katembri", ["sai-mal"] = "Malalí", ["sai-mar"] = "Maratino", ["sai-mat"] = "Matanawi", ["sai-mcn"] = "Mocana", ["sai-men"] = "Menien", ["sai-mil"] = "Millcayac", ["sai-mlb"] = "Malibu", ["sai-msk"] = "Masakará", ["sai-muc"] = "Mucuchí", ["sai-mue"] = "Muellama", ["sai-muz"] = "Muzo", ["sai-mys"] = "Maynas", ["sai-nat"] = "Natú", ["sai-nje-pro"] = "Proto-Northern Jê", ["sai-opo"] = "Opón", ["sai-oto"] = "Otomaco", ["sai-pal"] = "Palta", ["sai-pam"] = "Pamigua", ["sai-par"] = "Paratió", ["sai-peb"] = "Peba", ["sai-pnz"] = "Panzaleo", ["sai-prh"] = "Puruhá", ["sai-ptg"] = "Patagón", ["sai-pur"] = "Purukotó", ["sai-pyg"] = "Payaguá", ["sai-pyk"] = "Pykobjê", ["sai-qmb"] = "Quimbaya", ["sai-qtm"] = "Quitemo", ["sai-rab"] = "Rabona", ["sai-ram"] = "Ramanos", ["sai-sac"] = "Sácata", ["sai-san"] = "Sanaviron", ["sai-sap"] = "Sapará", ["sai-sec"] = "Sechura", ["sai-sin"] = "Sinúfana", ["sai-sje-pro"] = "Proto-Southern Jê", ["sai-tab"] = "Tabancale", ["sai-tal"] = "Tallán", ["sai-tap"] = "Tapayuna", ["sai-tar-pro"] = "Proto-Taranoan", ["sai-teu"] = "Teushen", ["sai-tim"] = "Timote", ["sai-tpr"] = "Taparita", ["sai-trr"] = "Tarairiú", ["sai-wai"] = "Waitaká", ["sai-way"] = "Wayumara", ["sai-wit-pro"] = "Proto-Witotoan", ["sai-wnm"] = "Wanham", ["sai-xoc"] = "Xocó", ["sai-yao"] = "Yao (South America)", ["sai-yar"] = "Yarumá", ["sai-yri"] = "Yuri", ["sai-yup"] = "Yupua", ["sai-yur"] = "Yurumanguí", ["saj"] = "Sahu", ["sak"] = "Sake", ["sal-pro"] = "Proto-Salish", ["sam"] = "Samaritan Aramaic", ["sao"] = "Sause", ["saq"] = "Samburu", ["sar"] = "Saraveca", ["sas"] = "Sasak", ["sat"] = "สันถาลี", ["sau"] = "Saleman", ["sav"] = "Saafi-Saafi", ["saw"] = "Sawi", ["sax"] = "Sa", ["say"] = "Saya", ["saz"] = "Saurashtra", ["sba"] = "Ngambay", ["sbb"] = "Simbo", ["sbc"] = "Gele'", ["sbd"] = "Southern Samo", ["sbe"] = "Saliba (New Guinea)", ["sbf"] = "Shabo", ["sbg"] = "Seget", ["sbh"] = "Sori-Harengan", ["sbi"] = "Seti", ["sbj"] = "Surbakhal", ["sbk"] = "Safwa", ["sbl"] = "Botolan Sambal", ["sbm"] = "Sagala", ["sbn"] = "Sindhi Bhil", ["sbo"] = "Sabüm", ["sbp"] = "Sangu (Tanzania)", ["sbq"] = "Sileibi", ["sbr"] = "Sembakung Murut", ["sbs"] = "Subiya", ["sbt"] = "Kimki", ["sbu"] = "Stod Bhoti", ["sbv"] = "Sabine", ["sbw"] = "Simba", ["sbx"] = "Seberuang", ["sby"] = "Soli", ["sbz"] = "Sara Kaba", ["sc"] = "ซาร์ดิเนีย", ["scb"] = "Chut", ["sce"] = "ตงเซียง", ["scf"] = "San Miguel Creole French", ["scg"] = "Sanggau", ["sch"] = "Sakachep", ["sci"] = "Sri Lankan Creole Malay", ["sck"] = "Sadri", ["scl"] = "Shina", ["scn"] = "ซิซิลี", ["sco"] = "สกอต", ["scp"] = "Yolmo", ["scq"] = "สะโอจ", ["scs"] = "North Slavey", ["scu"] = "Shumcho", ["scv"] = "Sheni", ["scw"] = "Sha", ["scx"] = "Sicel", ["scz"] = "Shetland", ["sd"] = "สินธ์", ["sda"] = "Toraja-Sa'dan", ["sdb"] = "Shabak", ["sdc"] = "ซัสซารี", ["sde"] = "Surubu", ["sdf"] = "Sarli", ["sdg"] = "Savi", ["sdh"] = "Southern Kurdish", ["sdj"] = "Suundi", ["sdk"] = "Sos Kundi", ["sdl"] = "Saudi Arabian Sign Language", ["sdm"] = "Semandang", ["sdn"] = "Gallurese", ["sdo"] = "Bukar-Sadung Bidayuh", ["sdp"] = "Sherdukpen", ["sdr"] = "Oraon Sadri", ["sds"] = "เบอร์เบอร์แบบตูนีเซีย", ["sdu"] = "Sarudu", ["sdv-daj-pro"] = "Proto-Daju", ["sdv-eje-pro"] = "Proto-Eastern Jebel", ["sdv-nil-pro"] = "Proto-Nilotic", ["sdv-nyi-pro"] = "Proto-Nyima", ["sdv-tmn-pro"] = "Proto-Taman", ["sdx"] = "Sibu Melanau", ["se"] = "ซามีเหนือ", ["sea"] = "เซอไม", ["sec"] = "Sechelt", ["sed"] = "Sedang", ["see"] = "Seneca", ["sef"] = "Cebaara Senoufo", ["seg"] = "Segeju", ["seh"] = "Sena", ["sei"] = "Seri", ["sej"] = "Sene", ["sek"] = "Sekani", ["sel-nor"] = "Northern Selkup", ["sel-pro"] = "Proto-Selkup", ["sel-sou"] = "Southern Selkup", ["sem-amm"] = "อัมโมน", ["sem-amo"] = "Amorite", ["sem-cha"] = "Chaha", ["sem-dad"] = "Dadanitic", ["sem-dum"] = "Dumaitic", ["sem-has"] = "Hasaitic", ["sem-his"] = "Hismaic", ["sem-mhr"] = "Muher", ["sem-pro"] = "เซมิติกดั้งเดิม", ["sem-saf"] = "Safaitic", ["sem-sam"] = "Samalian", ["sem-srb"] = "อาหรับใต้เก่า", ["sem-tay"] = "Taymanitic", ["sem-tha"] = "Thamudic", ["sem-wes-pro"] = "เซมิติกตะวันตกดั้งเดิม", ["sen"] = "Nanerigé Sénoufo", ["seo"] = "Suarmin", ["sep"] = "Sìcìté Sénoufo", ["seq"] = "Senara Sénoufo", ["ser"] = "Serrano", ["ses"] = "Koyraboro Senni", ["set"] = "Sentani", ["seu"] = "Serui-Laut", ["sev"] = "Nyarafolo Senoufo", ["sew"] = "Sewa Bay", ["sey"] = "Secoya", ["sez"] = "Senthang Chin", ["sfb"] = "French Belgian Sign Language", ["sfe"] = "Eastern Subanun", ["sfm"] = "Small Flowery Miao", ["sfs"] = "South African Sign Language", ["sfw"] = "Sehwi", ["sg"] = "ซังโก", ["sga"] = "ไอริชเก่า", ["sgb"] = "Mag-Anchi Ayta", ["sgc"] = "Kipsigis", ["sgd"] = "ซูรีเกาโนน", ["sge"] = "Segai", ["sgg"] = "Swiss-German Sign Language", ["sgh"] = "Shughni", ["sgi"] = "Suga", ["sgk"] = "Sangkong", ["sgm"] = "Singa", ["sgp"] = "Singpho", ["sgr"] = "Sangisari", ["sgs"] = "Samogitian", ["sgt"] = "Brokpake", ["sgu"] = "Salas", ["sgw"] = "Sebat Bet Gurage", ["sgx"] = "Sierra Leone Sign Language", ["sgy"] = "Sanglechi", ["sgz"] = "Sursurunga", ["sh"] = "เซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย", ["sha"] = "Shall-Zwall", ["shb"] = "Ninam", ["shc"] = "Sonde", ["shd"] = "Kundal Shahi", ["she"] = "Sheko", ["shg"] = "Shua", ["shh"] = "Shoshone", ["shi"] = "Tashelhit", ["shj"] = "Shatt", ["shk"] = "Shilluk", ["shl"] = "Shendu", ["shm"] = "Shahrudi", ["shn"] = "ไทใหญ่", ["sho"] = "Shanga", ["shp"] = "Shipibo-Conibo", ["shq"] = "Sala", ["shr"] = "Shi", ["shs"] = "Shuswap", ["sht"] = "Shasta", ["shu"] = "Chadian Arabic", ["shv"] = "Shehri", ["shw"] = "Shwai", ["shx"] = "She", ["shy"] = "Tachawit", ["shz"] = "Syenara Senoufo", ["si"] = "สิงหล", ["sia"] = "Akkala Sami", ["sib"] = "Sebop", ["sid"] = "ซีดามา", ["sie"] = "Simaa", ["sif"] = "Siamou", ["sig"] = "Paasaal", ["sih"] = "Sîshëë", ["sii"] = "Shom Peng", ["sij"] = "Numbami", ["sik"] = "Sikiana", ["sil"] = "Tumulung Sisaala", ["sim"] = "Seim", ["sio-pro"] = "Proto-Siouan", ["sip"] = "สิกขิม", ["siq"] = "Sonia", ["sir"] = "Siri", ["sis"] = "Siuslaw", ["sit-aao-pro"] = "Proto-Central Naga", ["sit-bai-pro"] = "Proto-Bai", ["sit-ban"] = "Bangru", ["sit-bdi-pro"] = "Proto-Bodish", ["sit-bok"] = "Bokar", ["sit-cai"] = "Caijia", ["sit-cha"] = "Chairel", ["sit-ers-pro"] = "Proto-Ersuic", ["sit-hrs-pro"] = "Proto-Hrusish", ["sit-jap"] = "Japhug", ["sit-kha-pro"] = "Proto-Kham", ["sit-khb-pro"] = "Proto-Kho-Bwa", ["sit-khp-pro"] = "Proto-Puroik", ["sit-khw-pro"] = "Proto-Western Kho-Bwa", ["sit-kon-pro"] = "Proto-Northern Naga", ["sit-liz"] = "Lizu", ["sit-lnj"] = "Longjia", ["sit-lrn"] = "Luren", ["sit-luu-pro"] = "ลูอิชดั้งเดิม", ["sit-nas-pro"] = "Proto-Naish", ["sit-prn"] = "Puiron", ["sit-pro"] = "ซิโน-ทิเบตันดั้งเดิม", ["sit-sit"] = "Situ", ["sit-tam-pro"] = "Proto-Tamangic", ["sit-tan-pro"] = "Proto-Tani", ["sit-tgm"] = "ตางัม", ["sit-tng-pro"] = "Proto-Tangkhulic", ["sit-tos"] = "Tosu", ["sit-tsh"] = "Tshobdun", ["sit-zbu"] = "Zbu", ["siu"] = "Sinagen", ["siv"] = "Sumariup", ["siw"] = "Siwai", ["six"] = "Sumau", ["siy"] = "Sivandi", ["siz"] = "Siwi", ["sja"] = "Epena", ["sjb"] = "Sajau Basap", ["sjc"] = "Shaojiang Min", ["sjd"] = "ซามีแบบกิลดิน", ["sje"] = "ซามีแบบปีเต", ["sjg"] = "Assangori", ["sjk"] = "Kemi Sami", ["sjl"] = "Miji", ["sjm"] = "Mapun", ["sjn"] = "ซินดาริน", ["sjo"] = "Xibe", ["sjp"] = "Surjapuri", ["sjr"] = "Siar-Lak", ["sjs"] = "Senhaja de Srair", ["sjt"] = "Ter Sami", ["sju"] = "Ume Sami", ["sjw"] = "Shawnee", ["sk"] = "สโลวัก", ["ska"] = "Skagit", ["skb"] = "แสก", ["skc"] = "Ma Manda", ["skd"] = "Southern Sierra Miwok", ["ske"] = "Ske", ["skf"] = "Mekéns", ["skh"] = "Sikule", ["ski"] = "Sika", ["skj"] = "Seke", ["skk"] = "Sok", ["skm"] = "Sakam", ["skn"] = "Kolibugan Subanon", ["sko"] = "Seko Tengah", ["skp"] = "Sekapan", ["skq"] = "Sininkere", ["skr"] = "Saraiki", ["sks"] = "ไมยา", ["skt"] = "Sakata", ["sku"] = "Sakao", ["skv"] = "Skou", ["skw"] = "Skepi Creole Dutch", ["skx"] = "Seko Padang", ["sky"] = "ซีกายานา", ["skz"] = "Sekar", ["sl"] = "สโลวีเนีย", ["sla-pro"] = "สลาวิกดั้งเดิม", ["slc"] = "Saliba (Colombia)", ["sld"] = "Sisaala", ["sle"] = "Sholaga", ["slf"] = "Swiss-Italian Sign Language", ["slg"] = "Selungai Murut", ["slh"] = "Southern Puget Sound Salish", ["slj"] = "Salumá", ["sll"] = "Salt-Yui", ["slm"] = "ซามาแบบปางูตารัน", ["sln"] = "Salinan", ["slp"] = "Lamaholot", ["slr"] = "ซาลาร์", ["sls"] = "Singapore Sign Language", ["slt"] = "Sila", ["slu"] = "Selaru", ["slw"] = "Sialum", ["slx"] = "Salampasu", ["sly"] = "Selayar", ["slz"] = "Ma'ya", ["sm"] = "ซามัว", ["sma"] = "ซามีใต้", ["smb"] = "Simbari", ["smc"] = "Som", ["smd"] = "Sama", ["smf"] = "Auwe", ["smg"] = "Simbali", ["smh"] = "Samei", ["smi-pro"] = "ซามิกดั้งเดิม", ["smj"] = "ซามีแบบลูเล", ["smk"] = "โบลีเนา", ["sml"] = "ซามาตอนกลาง", ["smm"] = "Musasa", ["smn"] = "ซามีแบบอีนารี", ["smp"] = "Samaritan Hebrew", ["smq"] = "Samo", ["smr"] = "Simeulue", ["sms"] = "Skolt Sami", ["smt"] = "Simte", ["smu"] = "สมราย", ["smv"] = "Samvedi", ["smw"] = "Sumbawa", ["smx"] = "Samba", ["smy"] = "Semnani", ["smz"] = "Simeku", ["sn"] = "โชนา", ["snb"] = "Sebuyau", ["snc"] = "Sinaugoro", ["sne"] = "Bau Bidayuh", ["snf"] = "Noon", ["sng"] = "Sanga (Congo)", ["sni"] = "Sensi", ["snj"] = "Riverain Sango", ["snk"] = "Soninke", ["snl"] = "Sangil", ["snm"] = "Southern Ma'di", ["snn"] = "Siona", ["sno"] = "Snohomish", ["snp"] = "Siane", ["snq"] = "Sangu (Gabon)", ["snr"] = "Sihan", ["sns"] = "Nahavaq", ["snu"] = "Senggi", ["snv"] = "Sa'ban", ["snw"] = "Selee", ["snx"] = "Sam", ["sny"] = "Saniyo-Hiyewe", ["snz"] = "Kou", ["so"] = "โซมาลี", ["soa"] = "โซ่ง", ["sob"] = "Sobei", ["soc"] = "Soko", ["sod"] = "Songoora", ["soe"] = "Songomeno", ["sog"] = "Sogdian", ["soh"] = "Aka (Sudan)", ["soi"] = "Sonha", ["sok"] = "Sokoro", ["sol"] = "Solos", ["son-pro"] = "Proto-Songhay", ["soo"] = "Nsong", ["sop"] = "Songe", ["soq"] = "Kanasi", ["sor"] = "Somrai", ["sos"] = "Seenku", ["sou"] = "ปักษ์ใต้", ["sov"] = "Sonsorolese", ["sow"] = "Sowanda", ["sox"] = "Swo", ["soy"] = "Miyobe", ["soz"] = "Temi", ["spb"] = "Sepa (Indonesia)", ["spc"] = "Sapé", ["spd"] = "Saep", ["spe"] = "Sepa (New Guinea)", ["spg"] = "Sian", ["spi"] = "Saponi", ["spk"] = "Sengo", ["spl"] = "Selepet", ["spm"] = "Sepen", ["spn"] = "Sanapaná", ["spo"] = "Spokane", ["spp"] = "Supyire", ["spr"] = "Saparua", ["sps"] = "Saposa", ["spt"] = "Spiti Bhoti", ["spu"] = "Sapuan", ["spv"] = "Sambalpuri", ["spx"] = "South Picene", ["spy"] = "Sabaot", ["sq"] = "แอลเบเนีย", ["sqa"] = "Shama-Sambuga", ["sqh"] = "Shau", ["sqj-pro"] = "แอลเบเนียนดั้งเดิม", ["sqk"] = "Albanian Sign Language", ["sqm"] = "Suma", ["sqn"] = "Susquehannock", ["sqo"] = "Sorkhei", ["sqq"] = "Sou", ["sqr"] = "Siculo-Arabic", ["sqs"] = "Sri Lankan Sign Language", ["sqt"] = "Soqotri", ["squ"] = "Squamish", ["sra"] = "Saruga", ["srb"] = "Sora", ["sre"] = "Sara", ["srf"] = "Nafi", ["srg"] = "Sulod", ["srh"] = "Sarikoli", ["sri"] = "Siriano", ["srk"] = "Serudung Murut", ["srl"] = "Isirawa", ["srm"] = "ซารามักกา", ["srn"] = "ซรานันโตโง", ["srq"] = "Sirionó", ["srr"] = "Serer", ["srs"] = "Tsuut'ina", ["srt"] = "Sauri", ["sru"] = "Suruí", ["srv"] = "Waray Sorsogon", ["srw"] = "Serua", ["srx"] = "Sirmauri", ["sry"] = "Sera", ["srz"] = "Shahmirzadi", ["ss"] = "สวาซี", ["ssa-klk-pro"] = "Proto-Kuliak", ["ssa-kom-pro"] = "Proto-Koman", ["ssa-pro"] = "Proto-Nilo-Saharan", ["ssb"] = "Southern Sama", ["ssc"] = "Suba-Simbiti", ["ssd"] = "Siroi", ["sse"] = "Balangingi", ["ssf"] = "Thao", ["ssg"] = "Seimat", ["ssh"] = "Shihhi Arabic", ["ssi"] = "Sansi", ["ssj"] = "Sausi", ["ssk"] = "Sunam", ["ssl"] = "Western Sisaala", ["ssm"] = "Semnam", ["sso"] = "Sissano", ["ssp"] = "Spanish Sign Language", ["ssq"] = "So'a", ["ssr"] = "Swiss-French Sign Language", ["sss"] = "Sô", ["sst"] = "Sinasina", ["ssu"] = "Susuami", ["ssv"] = "Shark Bay", ["ssx"] = "Samberigi", ["ssy"] = "ซาโฮ", ["ssz"] = "Sengseng", ["st"] = "ซูทู", ["stb"] = "Northern Subanen", ["std"] = "Sentinelese", ["ste"] = "Liana-Seti", ["stf"] = "Seta", ["stg"] = "Trieng", ["sth"] = "Shelta", ["sti"] = "Bulo Stieng", ["stj"] = "Matya Samo", ["stk"] = "Arammba", ["stm"] = "Setaman", ["stn"] = "Owa", ["sto"] = "Stoney", ["stp"] = "Southeastern Tepehuan", ["stq"] = "ฟรีเชียแบบซาเทอร์ลันท์", ["str"] = "Saanich", ["sts"] = "Shumashti", ["stt"] = "Budeh Stieng", ["stu"] = "Samtao", ["stv"] = "Silt'e", ["stw"] = "Satawalese", ["sty"] = "Siberian Tatar", ["su"] = "ซุนดา", ["sua"] = "Sulka", ["sub"] = "Suku", ["suc"] = "Western Subanon", ["sue"] = "Suena", ["sug"] = "Suganga", ["sui"] = "Suki", ["suk"] = "Sukuma", ["suq"] = "Suri", ["sur"] = "Mwaghavul", ["sus"] = "Susu", ["sut"] = "Subtiaba", ["suv"] = "Puroik", ["suw"] = "Sumbwa", ["sux"] = "ซูเมอร์", ["suy"] = "Suyá", ["suz"] = "Sunwar", ["sv"] = "สวีเดน", ["sva"] = "Svan", ["svb"] = "Ulau-Suain", ["svc"] = "Vincentian Creole English", ["sve"] = "Serili", ["svk"] = "Slovakian Sign Language", ["svm"] = "Slavomolisano", ["svs"] = "Savosavo", ["svx"] = "Skalvian", ["sw"] = "สวาฮีลี", ["swb"] = "Maore Comorian", ["swf"] = "Sere", ["swg"] = "Swabian", ["swi"] = "สุ่ย", ["swj"] = "Sira", ["swl"] = "Swedish Sign Language", ["swm"] = "Samosa", ["swn"] = "Sokna", ["swo"] = "Shanenawa", ["swp"] = "Suau", ["swq"] = "Sharwa", ["swr"] = "Saweru", ["sws"] = "Seluwasan", ["swt"] = "Sawila", ["swu"] = "Suwawa", ["sww"] = "Sowa", ["swx"] = "Suruahá", ["swy"] = "Sarua", ["sxb"] = "Suba", ["sxc"] = "Sicanian", ["sxe"] = "Sighu", ["sxg"] = "Shixing", ["sxk"] = "Southern Kalapuya", ["sxl"] = "Selonian", ["sxm"] = "ซำเร", ["sxn"] = "Sangir", ["sxo"] = "Sorothaptic", ["sxr"] = "Saaroa", ["sxs"] = "Sasaru", ["sxw"] = "Saxwe Gbe", ["sya"] = "Siang", ["syb"] = "Central Subanen", ["syc"] = "ซีรีแอกคลาสสิก", ["syd-pro"] = "Proto-Samoyedic", ["syi"] = "Seki", ["syk"] = "Sukur", ["syl"] = "สิเลฏ", ["sym"] = "Maya Samo", ["syn"] = "Senaya", ["syo"] = "Suoy", ["sys"] = "Sinyar", ["syw"] = "Kagate", ["syx"] = "Osamayi", ["syy"] = "Al-Sayyid Bedouin Sign Language", ["sza"] = "Semelai", ["szb"] = "Ngalum", ["szc"] = "Semaq Beri", ["szd"] = "Seru", ["sze"] = "Seze", ["szg"] = "Sengele", ["szl"] = "ไซลีเซีย", ["szn"] = "Sula", ["szp"] = "Suabo", ["szv"] = "Isubu", ["szw"] = "Sawai", ["szy"] = "ซากีซายา", ["ta"] = "ทมิฬ", ["taa"] = "Lower Tanana", ["tab"] = "ทาบาซารัน", ["tac"] = "Lowland Tarahumara", ["tad"] = "Tause", ["tae"] = "Tariana", ["taf"] = "Tapirapé", ["tag"] = "Tagoi", ["tai-pro"] = "ไทดั้งเดิม", ["tai-swe-pro"] = "ไทตะวันตกเฉียงใต้ดั้งเดิม", ["taj"] = "Eastern Tamang", ["tak"] = "Tala", ["tal"] = "Tal", ["tan"] = "Tangale", ["tao"] = "ยามี", ["tap"] = "Taabwa", ["tar"] = "Central Tarahumara", ["tas"] = "Tây Bồi", ["tau"] = "Upper Tanana", ["tav"] = "Tatuyo", ["taw"] = "Tai", ["tax"] = "Tamki", ["tay"] = "Atayal", ["taz"] = "Tocho", ["tba"] = "Aikanã", ["tbb"] = "Tapeba", ["tbc"] = "Takia", ["tbd"] = "Kaki Ae", ["tbe"] = "Tanimbili", ["tbf"] = "Mandara", ["tbg"] = "North Tairora", ["tbh"] = "Thurawal", ["tbi"] = "Gaam", ["tbj"] = "Tiang", ["tbk"] = "Calamian Tagbanwa", ["tbl"] = "ตโบลี", ["tbm"] = "Tagbu", ["tbn"] = "Barro Negro Tunebo", ["tbo"] = "Tawala", ["tbp"] = "Taworta", ["tbq-bdg-pro"] = "โบโด-กาโรดั้งเดิม", ["tbq-blg"] = "Bailang", ["tbq-brm-pro"] = "Proto-Burmish", ["tbq-gkh"] = "Gokhy", ["tbq-kuk-pro"] = "Proto-Kuki-Chin", ["tbq-lal-pro"] = "Proto-Lalo", ["tbq-laz"] = "Laze", ["tbq-lob-pro"] = "โลโล-เบอร์มีซดั้งเดิม", ["tbq-lol-pro"] = "โลโลอิชดั้งเดิม", ["tbq-mil"] = "Milang", ["tbq-mor"] = "Moran", ["tbq-ngo"] = "Ngochang", ["tbr"] = "Tumtum", ["tbs"] = "Tanguat", ["tbt"] = "Kitembo", ["tbu"] = "Tubar", ["tbv"] = "Tobo", ["tbw"] = "Aborlan Tagbanwa", ["tbx"] = "Kapin", ["tby"] = "Tabaru", ["tbz"] = "Ditammari", ["tca"] = "Ticuna", ["tcb"] = "Tanacross", ["tcc"] = "Datooga", ["tcd"] = "Tafi", ["tce"] = "Southern Tutchone", ["tcf"] = "Malinaltepec Tlapanec", ["tcg"] = "Tamagario", ["tch"] = "Turks and Caicos Creole English", ["tci"] = "Wára", ["tck"] = "Tchitchege", ["tcl"] = "Taman (Myanmar)", ["tcm"] = "Tanahmerah", ["tco"] = "Taungyo", ["tcp"] = "Tawr Chin", ["tcq"] = "Kaiy", ["tcs"] = "ครีโอลช่องแคบทอร์เรส", ["tct"] = "T'en", ["tcu"] = "Southeastern Tarahumara", ["tcw"] = "Tecpatlán Totonac", ["tcx"] = "โตทา", ["tcy"] = "ตูลู", ["tcz"] = "Thado Chin", ["tda"] = "Tagdal", ["tdb"] = "Panchpargania", ["tdc"] = "Emberá-Tadó", ["tdd"] = "ไทใต้คง", ["tde"] = "Tiranige Diga Dogon", ["tdf"] = "Talieng", ["tdg"] = "Western Tamang", ["tdh"] = "Thulung", ["tdi"] = "Tomadino", ["tdj"] = "Tajio", ["tdk"] = "Tambas", ["tdl"] = "Sur", ["tdm"] = "Taruma", ["tdn"] = "Tondano", ["tdo"] = "Teme", ["tdq"] = "Tita", ["tdr"] = "Todrah", ["tds"] = "Doutai", ["tdt"] = "Tetun Dili", ["tdu"] = "Tempasuk Dusun", ["tdv"] = "Toro", ["tdy"] = "Tadyawan", ["te"] = "เตลูกู", ["tea"] = "เตอเมียร์", ["teb"] = "Tetete", ["tec"] = "Terik", ["ted"] = "Tepo Krumen", ["tee"] = "Huehuetla Tepehua", ["tef"] = "Teressa", ["teg"] = "Teke-Tege", ["teh"] = "Tehuelche", ["tei"] = "Torricelli", ["tek"] = "Ibali Teke", ["tem"] = "Temne", ["ten"] = "Tama (Colombia)", ["teo"] = "Ateso", ["tep"] = "Tepecano", ["teq"] = "Temein", ["ter"] = "Tereno", ["tes"] = "Tengger", ["tet"] = "เตตุน", ["teu"] = "Soo", ["tev"] = "Teor", ["tew"] = "Tewa", ["tex"] = "Tennet", ["tey"] = "Tulishi", ["tez"] = "Tetserret", ["tfi"] = "Tofin Gbe", ["tfn"] = "Dena'ina", ["tfo"] = "Tefaro", ["tfr"] = "Teribe", ["tft"] = "เตอร์นาเต", ["tg"] = "ทาจิก", ["tga"] = "Sagalla", ["tgb"] = "Tobilung", ["tgc"] = "Tigak", ["tgd"] = "Ciwogai", ["tge"] = "Eastern Gorkha Tamang", ["tgf"] = "Chali", ["tgh"] = "Tobagonian Creole English", ["tgi"] = "Lawunuia", ["tgn"] = "ตันดากาโนน", ["tgo"] = "Sudest", ["tgp"] = "Tangoa", ["tgq"] = "Tring", ["tgr"] = "Tareng", ["tgs"] = "Nume", ["tgt"] = "Central Tagbanwa", ["tgu"] = "Tanggu", ["tgv"] = "Tingui-Boto", ["tgw"] = "Tagwana Senoufo", ["tgx"] = "Tagish", ["tgy"] = "Togoyo", ["th"] = "ไทย", ["thc"] = "Tai Hang Tong", ["thd"] = "Kuuk Thaayorre", ["the"] = "Chitwania Tharu", ["thf"] = "Thangmi", ["thh"] = "Northern Tarahumara", ["thi"] = "Tai Long", ["thk"] = "Tharaka", ["thl"] = "Dangaura Tharu", ["thm"] = "ทะวืง", ["thn"] = "Thachanadan", ["thp"] = "Thompson", ["thq"] = "Kochila Tharu", ["thr"] = "Rana Tharu", ["ths"] = "Thakali", ["tht"] = "Tahltan", ["thu"] = "Thuri", ["thy"] = "Tha", ["ti"] = "ทือกรึญญา", ["tic"] = "Tira", ["tif"] = "Tifal", ["tig"] = "ทือเกร", ["tih"] = "Timugon Murut", ["tii"] = "Tiene", ["tij"] = "Tilung", ["tik"] = "Tikar", ["til"] = "Tillamook", ["tim"] = "Timbe", ["tin"] = "Tindi", ["tio"] = "Teop", ["tip"] = "Trimuris", ["tiq"] = "Tiéfo", ["tis"] = "Masadiit Itneg", ["tit"] = "Tinigua", ["tiu"] = "Adasen", ["tiv"] = "Tiv", ["tiw"] = "Tiwi", ["tix"] = "Southern Tiwa", ["tiy"] = "ตีรูไร", ["tiz"] = "Tai Hongjin", ["tja"] = "Tajuasohn", ["tjg"] = "Tunjung", ["tji"] = "Northern Tujia", ["tjl"] = "ไทแหล่ง", ["tjm"] = "Timucua", ["tjn"] = "Tonjon", ["tjs"] = "Southern Tujia", ["tju"] = "Tjurruru", ["tjw"] = "Chaap Wuurong", ["tk"] = "เติร์กเมน", ["tka"] = "Truká", ["tkb"] = "Buksa", ["tkd"] = "Tukudede", ["tke"] = "Takwane", ["tkf"] = "Tukumanféd", ["tkl"] = "Tokelauan", ["tkm"] = "Takelma", ["tkn"] = "โทกูโนชิมะ", ["tkp"] = "Tikopia", ["tkq"] = "Tee", ["tkr"] = "Tsakhur", ["tks"] = "Ramandi", ["tkt"] = "Kathoriya Tharu", ["tku"] = "Upper Necaxa Totonac", ["tkv"] = "Mur Pano", ["tkw"] = "Teanu", ["tkx"] = "Tangko", ["tkz"] = "Takua", ["tl"] = "ตากาล็อก", ["tla"] = "Southwestern Tepehuan", ["tlb"] = "Tobelo", ["tlc"] = "Misantla Totonac", ["tld"] = "Talaud", ["tlf"] = "Telefol", ["tlg"] = "Tofanma", ["tlh"] = "Klingon", ["tli"] = "Tlingit", ["tlj"] = "Talinga-Bwisi", ["tlk"] = "Taloki", ["tll"] = "Tetela", ["tlm"] = "Tolomako", ["tln"] = "Talondo'", ["tlo"] = "Talodi", ["tlp"] = "Filomena Mata-Coahuitlán Totonac", ["tlq"] = "Tai Loi", ["tlr"] = "Talise", ["tls"] = "Tambotalo", ["tlt"] = "Teluti", ["tlu"] = "Tulehu", ["tlv"] = "Taliabu", ["tlx"] = "Khehek", ["tly"] = "Talysh", ["tma"] = "Tama (Chad)", ["tmb"] = "Avava", ["tmc"] = "Tumak", ["tmd"] = "Haruai", ["tme"] = "Tremembé", ["tmf"] = "Toba-Maskoy", ["tmg"] = "Ternateño", ["tmh"] = "Tuareg", ["tmi"] = "Tutuba", ["tmj"] = "Samarokena", ["tmk"] = "Northwestern Tamang", ["tml"] = "Tamnim Citak", ["tmm"] = "Tai Thanh", ["tmn"] = "Taman (Indonesia)", ["tmo"] = "Temoq", ["tmq"] = "Tumleo", ["tms"] = "Tima", ["tmt"] = "Tasmate", ["tmu"] = "Iau", ["tmv"] = "Motembo", ["tmy"] = "Tami", ["tmz"] = "Tamanaku", ["tn"] = "สวานา", ["tna"] = "Tacana", ["tnb"] = "Western Tunebo", ["tnc"] = "Tanimuca-Retuarã", ["tnd"] = "Angosturas Tunebo", ["tne"] = "Tinoc Kallahan", ["tng"] = "Tobanga", ["tnh"] = "Maiani", ["tni"] = "Tandia", ["tnk"] = "Kwamera", ["tnl"] = "Lenakel", ["tnm"] = "Tabla", ["tnn"] = "North Tanna", ["tno"] = "Toromono", ["tnp"] = "Whitesands", ["tnq"] = "ตาอีโน", ["tnr"] = "Bedik", ["tns"] = "Tenis", ["tnt"] = "Tontemboan", ["tnu"] = "Tay Khang", ["tnv"] = "Tanchangya", ["tnw"] = "Tonsawang", ["tnx"] = "Tanema", ["tny"] = "Tongwe", ["tnz"] = "Ten'edn", ["to"] = "ตองงา", ["tob"] = "Toba", ["toc"] = "Coyutla Totonac", ["tod"] = "Toma", ["tof"] = "Gizrra", ["tog"] = "Tonga (Malawi)", ["toh"] = "Tonga (Mozambique)", ["toi"] = "Tonga (Zambia)", ["toj"] = "Tojolabal", ["tok"] = "Toki Pona", ["tol"] = "Tolowa", ["tom"] = "Tombulu", ["too"] = "Xicotepec de Juárez Totonac", ["top"] = "Papantla Totonac", ["toq"] = "Toposa", ["tor"] = "Togbo-Vara Banda", ["tos"] = "Highland Totonac", ["tou"] = "Tho", ["tov"] = "Upper Taromi", ["tow"] = "Jemez", ["tox"] = "Tobian", ["toy"] = "Topoiyo", ["toz"] = "To", ["tpa"] = "Taupota", ["tpc"] = "Azoyú Me'phaa", ["tpe"] = "Tippera", ["tpf"] = "Tarpia", ["tpg"] = "Kula", ["tpi"] = "ตอกปีซิน", ["tpj"] = "Tapieté", ["tpk"] = "Tupinikin", ["tpl"] = "Tlacoapa Me'phaa", ["tpm"] = "Tampulma", ["tpn"] = "Tupinambá", ["tpo"] = "Tai Pao", ["tpp"] = "Pisaflores Tepehua", ["tpq"] = "Tukpa", ["tpr"] = "Tuparí", ["tpt"] = "Tlachichilco Tepehua", ["tpu"] = "Tampuan", ["tpv"] = "Tanapag", ["tpw"] = "ตูปีเก่า", ["tpx"] = "Acatepec Me'phaa", ["tpy"] = "Trumai", ["tpz"] = "Tinputz", ["tqb"] = "Tembé", ["tql"] = "Lehali", ["tqm"] = "Turumsa", ["tqn"] = "Tenino", ["tqo"] = "Toaripi", ["tqp"] = "Tomoip", ["tqq"] = "Tunni", ["tqr"] = "Torona", ["tqt"] = "Western Totonac", ["tqu"] = "Touo", ["tqw"] = "Tonkawa", ["tr"] = "ตุรกี", ["tra"] = "Tirahi", ["trb"] = "Terebu", ["trc"] = "Copala Triqui", ["trd"] = "Turi", ["tre"] = "East Tarangan", ["trf"] = "Trinidadian Creole English", ["trg"] = "Lishán Didán", ["trh"] = "Turaka", ["tri"] = "Trió", ["trj"] = "Toram", ["trk-dkh"] = "Dukhan", ["trk-eog"] = "Early Old Oghuz", ["trk-oat"] = "ตุรกีแบบอานาโตเลียเก่า", ["trk-pro"] = "เตอร์กิกดั้งเดิม", ["trl"] = "Traveller Scottish", ["trm"] = "Tregami", ["trn"] = "Trinitario", ["tro"] = "Tarao", ["trp"] = "กอกบอรอก", ["trq"] = "San Martín Itunyoso Triqui", ["trr"] = "Taushiro", ["trs"] = "Chicahuaxtla Triqui", ["trt"] = "Tunggare", ["tru"] = "Turoyo", ["trv"] = "Taroko", ["trw"] = "Torwali", ["trx"] = "Tringgus", ["try"] = "ตุรุง", ["trz"] = "Torá", ["ts"] = "Tsonga", ["tsa"] = "Tsaangi", ["tsb"] = "Tsamai", ["tsc"] = "Tswa", ["tsd"] = "Tsakonian", ["tse"] = "Tunisian Sign Language", ["tsf"] = "Southwestern Tamang", ["tsg"] = "ซูก", ["tsh"] = "Tsuvan", ["tsi"] = "Tsimshian", ["tsj"] = "Tshangla", ["tsl"] = "Ts'ün-Lao", ["tsm"] = "Turkish Sign Language", ["tsp"] = "Northern Toussian", ["tsq"] = "มือไทย", ["tsr"] = "Akei", ["tss"] = "Taiwan Sign Language", ["tsu"] = "โจว", ["tsv"] = "Tsogo", ["tsw"] = "Tsishingini", ["tsx"] = "Mubami", ["tsy"] = "Tebul Sign Language", ["tt"] = "ตาตาร์", ["tta"] = "Tutelo", ["ttb"] = "Gaa", ["ttc"] = "Tektiteko", ["ttd"] = "Tauade", ["tte"] = "Bwanabwana", ["ttf"] = "Tuotomb", ["ttg"] = "Tutong", ["tth"] = "Upper Ta'oih", ["tti"] = "Tobati", ["ttj"] = "Tooro", ["ttk"] = "Totoro", ["ttl"] = "Totela", ["ttm"] = "Northern Tutchone", ["ttn"] = "Towei", ["tto"] = "Lower Ta'oih", ["ttp"] = "Tombelala", ["ttr"] = "Tera", ["tts"] = "อีสาน", ["ttt"] = "Tat", ["ttu"] = "Torau", ["ttv"] = "Titan", ["ttw"] = "Long Wat", ["tty"] = "Sikaritai", ["ttz"] = "Tsum", ["tua"] = "Wiarumus", ["tub"] = "Tübatulabal", ["tuc"] = "Mutu", ["tud"] = "Tuxá", ["tue"] = "Tuyuca", ["tuf"] = "Central Tunebo", ["tug"] = "Tunia", ["tuh"] = "Taulil", ["tui"] = "Tupuri", ["tuj"] = "Tugutil", ["tul"] = "Tula", ["tum"] = "Tumbuka", ["tun"] = "Tunica", ["tuo"] = "Tucano", ["tup-gua-pro"] = "ตูปี-กัวรานีดั้งเดิม", ["tup-kab"] = "Kabishiana", ["tup-pro"] = "ตูเปียนดั้งเดิม", ["tuq"] = "Tedaga", ["tus"] = "Tuscarora", ["tuu"] = "Tututni", ["tuv"] = "Turkana", ["tuw-alk"] = "Alchuka", ["tuw-bal"] = "Bala", ["tuw-kkl"] = "Kyakala", ["tuw-kli"] = "Kili", ["tuw-pro"] = "Proto-Tungusic", ["tuw-sol"] = "Solon", ["tux"] = "Tuxináwa", ["tuy"] = "Tugen", ["tuz"] = "Turka", ["tva"] = "Vaghua", ["tvd"] = "Tsuvadi", ["tve"] = "Te'un", ["tvk"] = "Southeast Ambrym", ["tvl"] = "ตูวาลู", ["tvm"] = "Tela-Masbuar", ["tvn"] = "Tavoyan", ["tvo"] = "ตีโดเร", ["tvs"] = "Taveta", ["tvt"] = "Tutsa Naga", ["tvu"] = "Tunen", ["tvw"] = "Sedoa", ["tvx"] = "Taivoan", ["tvy"] = "Timor Pidgin", ["twa"] = "Twana", ["twb"] = "Western Tawbuid", ["twc"] = "Teshenawa", ["twe"] = "Teiwa", ["twf"] = "เทาส์", ["twg"] = "Tereweng", ["twh"] = "ไทขาว", ["twm"] = "Tawang Monpa", ["twn"] = "Twendi", ["two"] = "Tswapong", ["twp"] = "Ere", ["twq"] = "Tasawaq", ["twr"] = "Southwestern Tarahumara", ["twt"] = "Turiwára", ["twu"] = "Termanu", ["tww"] = "Tuwari", ["twy"] = "Tawoyan", ["txa"] = "Tombonuo", ["txb"] = "โทแคเรียนบี", ["txc"] = "Tsetsaut", ["txe"] = "Totoli", ["txg"] = "ตังกุต", ["txh"] = "Thracian", ["txi"] = "Ikpeng", ["txj"] = "Tarjumo", ["txm"] = "Tomini", ["txn"] = "West Tarangan", ["txo"] = "Toto", ["txq"] = "Tii", ["txr"] = "Tartessian", ["txs"] = "Tonsea", ["txt"] = "Citak", ["txu"] = "Kayapó", ["txx"] = "Tatana", ["ty"] = "ตาฮีตี", ["tya"] = "Tauya", ["tye"] = "Kyenga", ["tyh"] = "O'du", ["tyi"] = "Teke-Tsaayi", ["tyj"] = "ไทแมน", ["tyl"] = "Thu Lao", ["tyn"] = "Kombai", ["typ"] = "Kuku-Thaypan", ["tyr"] = "ไทแดง", ["tys"] = "ซาปา", ["tyt"] = "Tày Tac", ["tyu"] = "Kua", ["tyv"] = "ตูวา", ["tyx"] = "Teke-Tyee", ["tyz"] = "ตั่ย", ["tza"] = "Tanzanian Sign Language", ["tzh"] = "Tzeltal", ["tzj"] = "Tz'utujil", ["tzl"] = "Talossan", ["tzm"] = "Central Atlas Tamazight", ["tzn"] = "Tugun", ["tzo"] = "โซตซิล", ["tzx"] = "Tabriak", ["uam"] = "Uamué", ["uan"] = "Kuan", ["uar"] = "Tairuma", ["uba"] = "Ubang", ["ubi"] = "Ubi", ["ubl"] = "Buhi'non Bikol", ["ubr"] = "Ubir", ["ubu"] = "Umbu-Ungu", ["uby"] = "Ubykh", ["uda"] = "Uda", ["ude"] = "Udihe", ["udg"] = "Muduga", ["udi"] = "อูดี", ["udj"] = "Ujir", ["udl"] = "Uldeme", ["udm"] = "อุดมูร์ต", ["udu"] = "Uduk", ["ues"] = "Kioko", ["ufi"] = "Ufim", ["ug"] = "อุยกูร์", ["uga"] = "ยูการิต", ["ugb"] = "Kuku-Ugbanh", ["uge"] = "Ughele", ["ugn"] = "Ugandan Sign Language", ["ugo"] = "กฺ๋อง", ["ugy"] = "Uruguayan Sign Language", ["uha"] = "Uhami", ["uhn"] = "Damal", ["uis"] = "Uisai", ["uiv"] = "Iyive", ["uji"] = "Tanjijili", ["uk"] = "ยูเครน", ["uka"] = "Kaburi", ["ukg"] = "Ukuriguma", ["ukh"] = "Ukhwejo", ["ukk"] = "Muak Sa-aak", ["ukl"] = "Ukrainian Sign Language", ["ukp"] = "Ukpe-Bayobiri", ["ukq"] = "Ukwa", ["uks"] = "Kaapor Sign Language", ["uku"] = "Ukue", ["ukw"] = "Ukwuani-Aboh-Ndoni", ["uky"] = "Kuuk Yak", ["ula"] = "Fungwa", ["ulb"] = "Olukumi", ["ulc"] = "Ulch", ["ule"] = "Lule", ["ulf"] = "Afra", ["uli"] = "Ulithian", ["ulk"] = "Meriam", ["ull"] = "Ullatan", ["ulm"] = "Ulumanda'", ["uln"] = "อุนเซอร์ด็อยทช์", ["ulu"] = "Uma' Lung", ["ulw"] = "Ulwa", ["uma"] = "Umatilla", ["umb"] = "Umbundu", ["umc"] = "Marrucinian", ["umd"] = "Umbindhamu", ["umg"] = "Umbuygamu", ["umi"] = "Ukit", ["umm"] = "Umon", ["umn"] = "Makyan Naga", ["umo"] = "Umotína", ["ump"] = "Umpila", ["umr"] = "Umbugarla", ["ums"] = "Pendau", ["umu"] = "Munsee", ["una"] = "North Watut", ["und"] = "Undetermined", ["une"] = "Uneme", ["ung"] = "Ngarinyin", ["unk"] = "Enawené-Nawé", ["unm"] = "Unami", ["unn"] = "Kurnai", ["unr"] = "Mundari", ["unu"] = "Unubahe", ["unx"] = "Munda", ["unz"] = "Unde Kaili", ["uok"] = "Uokha", ["uon"] = "Kulon", ["upi"] = "Umeda", ["upv"] = "Northeast Malakula", ["ur"] = "อูรดู", ["ura"] = "Urarina", ["urb"] = "Urubú-Kaapor", ["urc"] = "Urningangg", ["ure"] = "Uru", ["urf"] = "Uradhi", ["urg"] = "Urigina", ["urh"] = "Urhobo", ["uri"] = "Urim", ["urj-fin-pro"] = "ฟินนิกดั้งเดิม", ["urj-koo"] = "Old Komi", ["urj-kuk"] = "Kukkuzi", ["urj-kya"] = "Komi-Yazva", ["urj-mdv-pro"] = "Proto-Mordvinic", ["urj-prm-pro"] = "เปอร์มิกดั้งเดิม", ["urj-pro"] = "ยูราลิกดั้งเดิม", ["urj-ugr-pro"] = "ยูกริกดั้งเดิม", ["urk"] = "อูรักลาโวยจ", ["url"] = "Urali", ["urm"] = "Urapmin", ["urn"] = "Uruangnirin", ["uro"] = "Ura (New Guinea)", ["urp"] = "Uru-Pa-In", ["urr"] = "Löyöp", ["urt"] = "Urat", ["uru"] = "Urumi", ["urv"] = "Uruava", ["urw"] = "Sop", ["urx"] = "Urimo", ["ury"] = "Orya", ["urz"] = "Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau", ["usa"] = "Usarufa", ["ush"] = "Ushojo", ["usi"] = "Usui", ["usk"] = "Usaghade", ["usp"] = "Uspanteco", ["uss"] = "Saare", ["usu"] = "Uya", ["uta"] = "Otank", ["ute"] = "Ute", ["uth"] = "Hun", ["utp"] = "Aba", ["utr"] = "Etulo", ["utu"] = "Utu", ["uum"] = "Urum", ["uun"] = "Kulon-Pazeh", ["uur"] = "Ura (Vanuatu)", ["uuu"] = "U", ["uve"] = "West Uvean", ["uvh"] = "Uri", ["uvl"] = "Lote", ["uwa"] = "Kuku-Uwanh", ["uya"] = "Doko-Uyanga", ["uz"] = "อุซเบก", ["vaa"] = "Vaagri Booli", ["vae"] = "Vale", ["vag"] = "Vagla", ["vah"] = "Varhadi", ["vai"] = "ไว", ["vaj"] = "Sekele", ["val"] = "Vehes", ["vam"] = "Vanimo", ["van"] = "Valman", ["vao"] = "Vao", ["vap"] = "Vaiphei", ["var"] = "Huarijio", ["vas"] = "Vasavi", ["vau"] = "Vanuma", ["vav"] = "Varli", ["vay"] = "Vayu", ["vbb"] = "Southeast Babar", ["vbk"] = "Southwestern Bontoc", ["ve"] = "เวนดา", ["vec"] = "เวเนโต", ["ved"] = "Veddah", ["vem"] = "Vemgo-Mabas", ["veo"] = "Ventureño", ["vep"] = "เวปส์", ["ver"] = "Mom Jango", ["vgr"] = "Vaghri", ["vgt"] = "Flemish Sign Language", ["vi"] = "เวียดนาม", ["vic"] = "Virgin Islands Creole", ["vid"] = "Vidunda", ["vif"] = "Vili", ["vig"] = "Viemo", ["vil"] = "Vilela", ["vis"] = "Vishavan", ["vit"] = "Viti", ["viv"] = "Iduna", ["vjk"] = "Bajjika", ["vka"] = "Kariyarra", ["vki"] = "Ija-Zuba", ["vkj"] = "Kujarge", ["vkk"] = "Kaur", ["vkl"] = "Kulisusu", ["vkm"] = "Kamakan", ["vko"] = "Kodeoha", ["vkp"] = "Korlai Creole Portuguese", ["vkt"] = "Tenggarong Kutai Malay", ["vku"] = "Kurrama", ["vlp"] = "Valpei", ["vls"] = "West Flemish", ["vma"] = "Martuthunira", ["vmb"] = "Mbabaram", ["vmc"] = "Juxtlahuaca Mixtec", ["vmd"] = "Mudu Koraga", ["vme"] = "East Masela", ["vmf"] = "ฟรังโกเนียตะวันออก", ["vmg"] = "Minigir", ["vmh"] = "Maraghei", ["vmi"] = "Miwa", ["vmj"] = "Ixtayutla Mixtec", ["vmk"] = "Makhuwa-Shirima", ["vml"] = "Malgana", ["vmm"] = "Mitlatongo Mixtec", ["vmp"] = "Soyaltepec Mazatec", ["vmq"] = "Soyaltepec Mixtec", ["vmr"] = "Marenje", ["vmu"] = "Muluridyi", ["vmv"] = "Valley Maidu", ["vmw"] = "Makhuwa", ["vmx"] = "Tamazola Mixtec", ["vmy"] = "Ayautla Mazatec", ["vmz"] = "Mazatlán Mazatec", ["vnk"] = "Lovono", ["vnm"] = "Neve'ei", ["vnp"] = "Vunapu", ["vo"] = "โวลาปุก", ["vor"] = "Voro", ["vot"] = "โวต", ["vra"] = "Vera'a", ["vro"] = "เวอโร", ["vrs"] = "Varisi", ["vrt"] = "Burmbar", ["vsi"] = "Moldova Sign Language", ["vsl"] = "Venezuelan Sign Language", ["vsv"] = "Valencian Sign Language", ["vto"] = "Vitou", ["vum"] = "Vumbu", ["vun"] = "Vunjo", ["vut"] = "Vute", ["vwa"] = "Awa (China)", ["wa"] = "วัลลูน", ["waa"] = "Walla Walla", ["wab"] = "Wab", ["wac"] = "Wasco-Wishram", ["wad"] = "Wandamen", ["waf"] = "Wakoná", ["wag"] = "Wa'ema", ["wah"] = "Watubela", ["waj"] = "Waffa", ["wal"] = "Wolaytta", ["wam"] = "Massachusett", ["wan"] = "Wan", ["wao"] = "Wappo", ["wap"] = "Wapishana", ["waq"] = "Wageman", ["war"] = "วาไร", ["was"] = "Washo", ["wat"] = "Kaninuwa", ["wau"] = "Wauja", ["wav"] = "Waka", ["waw"] = "Waiwai", ["wax"] = "Watam", ["way"] = "Wayana", ["waz"] = "Wampur", ["wba"] = "วาราโอ", ["wbb"] = "Wabo", ["wbe"] = "Waritai", ["wbf"] = "Wara", ["wbh"] = "Wanda", ["wbi"] = "Wanji", ["wbj"] = "Alagwa", ["wbk"] = "Waigali", ["wbl"] = "Wakhi", ["wbm"] = "Wa", ["wbp"] = "Warlpiri", ["wbq"] = "Waddar", ["wbr"] = "Wagdi", ["wbt"] = "Wanman", ["wbv"] = "Wajarri", ["wbw"] = "Woi", ["wca"] = "Yanomam", ["wci"] = "Waci Gbe", ["wdd"] = "Wandji", ["wdg"] = "Wadaginam", ["wdj"] = "Wadjiginy", ["wdt"] = "Wendat", ["wdu"] = "Wadjigu", ["wdy"] = "Wadjabangayi", ["wea"] = "Wewaw", ["wec"] = "Wè Western", ["wed"] = "Wedau", ["weh"] = "Weh", ["wei"] = "Kiunum", ["wem"] = "Weme Gbe", ["weo"] = "Wemale", ["wer"] = "Weri", ["wes"] = "Cameroon Pidgin", ["wet"] = "Perai", ["weu"] = "Welaung", ["wew"] = "Weyewa", ["wfg"] = "Yafi", ["wga"] = "Wagaya", ["wgb"] = "Wagawaga", ["wgg"] = "Wangganguru", ["wgi"] = "Wahgi", ["wgo"] = "Waigeo", ["wgu"] = "Wirangu", ["wgy"] = "Warrgamay", ["wha"] = "Manusela", ["whg"] = "North Wahgi", ["whk"] = "Wahau Kenyah", ["whu"] = "Wahau Kayan", ["wib"] = "Southern Toussian", ["wic"] = "Wichita", ["wie"] = "Wik-Epa", ["wif"] = "Wik-Keyangan", ["wig"] = "Wik-Ngathana", ["wih"] = "Wik-Me'anha", ["wii"] = "Minidien", ["wij"] = "Wik-Iiyanh", ["wik"] = "Wikalkan", ["wil"] = "Wilawila", ["wim"] = "Wik-Mungkan", ["win"] = "วินเนอเบโก", ["wir"] = "Wiraféd", ["wiu"] = "Wiru", ["wiv"] = "Muduapa", ["wiy"] = "Wiyot", ["wja"] = "Waja", ["wji"] = "Warji", ["wka"] = "Kw'adza", ["wkb"] = "Kumbaran", ["wkd"] = "Mo", ["wkl"] = "Kalanadi", ["wku"] = "Kunduvadi", ["wkw"] = "Wakawaka", ["wky"] = "Wangkayutyuru", ["wla"] = "Walio", ["wlc"] = "Mwali Comorian", ["wle"] = "Wolane", ["wlg"] = "Kunbarlang", ["wli"] = "Waioli", ["wlk"] = "Wailaki", ["wll"] = "Wali (Sudan)", ["wlm"] = "เวลส์กลาง", ["wlo"] = "Wolio", ["wlr"] = "Wailapa", ["wls"] = "Wallisian", ["wlu"] = "Wuliwuli", ["wlv"] = "Wichí Lhamtés Vejoz", ["wlw"] = "Walak", ["wlx"] = "Wali (Ghana)", ["wly"] = "Waling", ["wmb"] = "Wambaya", ["wmc"] = "Wamas", ["wmd"] = "Mamaindé", ["wme"] = "Wambule", ["wmh"] = "Waima'a", ["wmi"] = "Wamin", ["wmm"] = "Maiwa (Indonesia)", ["wmn"] = "Waamwang", ["wmo"] = "Wam", ["wms"] = "Wambon", ["wmt"] = "Walmajarri", ["wmw"] = "มวานี", ["wmx"] = "Womo", ["wnb"] = "Wanambre", ["wnc"] = "Wantoat", ["wnd"] = "Wandarang", ["wne"] = "Waneci", ["wng"] = "Wanggom", ["wni"] = "Ndzwani Comorian", ["wnk"] = "Wanukaka", ["wnm"] = "Wanggamala", ["wno"] = "Wano", ["wnp"] = "Wanap", ["wnu"] = "Usan", ["wnw"] = "Wintu", ["wny"] = "Wanyi", ["wo"] = "โวลอฟ", ["woa"] = "Tyaraity", ["wob"] = "Wobé", ["woc"] = "Wogeo", ["wod"] = "Wolani", ["woe"] = "Woleaian", ["wog"] = "Wogamusin", ["woi"] = "Kamang", ["wok"] = "Longto", ["wom"] = "Perema", ["won"] = "Wongo", ["woo"] = "Manombai", ["wor"] = "Woria", ["wos"] = "Hanga Hundi", ["wow"] = "Wawonii", ["woy"] = "Weyto", ["wpc"] = "Wirö", ["wra"] = "Warapu", ["wrb"] = "Warluwara", ["wrg"] = "Warungu", ["wrh"] = "Wiradjuri", ["wri"] = "Wariyangga", ["wrk"] = "Garawa", ["wrl"] = "Warlmanpa", ["wrm"] = "Warumungu", ["wrn"] = "Warnang", ["wro"] = "Worora", ["wrp"] = "Waropen", ["wrr"] = "Wardaman", ["wrs"] = "Waris", ["wru"] = "Waru", ["wrv"] = "Waruna", ["wrw"] = "Gugu Warra", ["wrx"] = "Wae Rana", ["wrz"] = "Warray", ["wsa"] = "Warembori", ["wsi"] = "Wusi", ["wsk"] = "Waskia", ["wsr"] = "Owenia", ["wsu"] = "Wasu", ["wsv"] = "Wotapuri-Katarqalai", ["wtf"] = "วาตีวา", ["wth"] = "Wathaurong", ["wti"] = "Berta", ["wtk"] = "Watakataui", ["wtm"] = "Mewati", ["wtw"] = "Wotu", ["wua"] = "Wikngenchera", ["wub"] = "Wunambal", ["wud"] = "Wudu", ["wuh"] = "Wutunhua", ["wul"] = "Silimo", ["wum"] = "Wumbvu", ["wun"] = "Bungu", ["wur"] = "Wurrugu", ["wut"] = "Wutung", ["wuu"] = "อู๋", ["wuv"] = "Wuvulu-Aua", ["wux"] = "Wulna", ["wuy"] = "Wauyai", ["wwa"] = "Waama", ["wwo"] = "Dorig", ["wwr"] = "Warrwa", ["www"] = "Wawa", ["wxa"] = "Waxiang", ["wxw"] = "Wardandi", ["wya"] = "Wyandot", ["wyb"] = "Ngiyambaa", ["wyi"] = "Woiwurrung", ["wym"] = "วีลามอวิตแซ", ["wyr"] = "Wayoró", ["wyy"] = "Western Fijian", ["xaa"] = "อาหรับแบบอันดะลุส", ["xab"] = "Sambe", ["xac"] = "Kachari", ["xad"] = "Adai", ["xae"] = "Aequian", ["xag"] = "Aghwan", ["xai"] = "Kaimbé", ["xaj"] = "Ararandewára", ["xak"] = "Maku", ["xal"] = "คัลมึค", ["xam"] = "ǀXam", ["xan"] = "Xamtanga", ["xao"] = "Khao", ["xap"] = "Apalachee", ["xaq"] = "Aquitanian", ["xar"] = "Karami", ["xas"] = "Kamassian", ["xat"] = "Katawixi", ["xau"] = "Kauwera", ["xav"] = "Xavante", ["xaw"] = "Kawaiisu", ["xay"] = "Kayan Mahakam", ["xbb"] = "Lower Burdekin", ["xbc"] = "แบกเตรีย", ["xbd"] = "Bindal", ["xbe"] = "Bigambal", ["xbg"] = "Bunganditj", ["xbi"] = "Kombio", ["xbj"] = "Birrpayi", ["xbm"] = "เบรอตงกลาง", ["xbn"] = "Kenaboi", ["xbo"] = "Bulgar", ["xbp"] = "Bibbulman", ["xbr"] = "กัมเบอรา", ["xbw"] = "Kambiwá", ["xby"] = "Butchulla", ["xcb"] = "Cumbric", ["xcc"] = "Camunic", ["xce"] = "Celtiberian", ["xch"] = "Chemakum", ["xcl"] = "อาร์มีเนียเก่า", ["xcm"] = "Comecrudo", ["xcn"] = "Cotoname", ["xco"] = "Khwarezmian", ["xcr"] = "Carian", ["xct"] = "ทิเบตคลาสสิก", ["xcu"] = "Curonian", ["xcv"] = "Chuvan", ["xcw"] = "Coahuilteco", ["xcy"] = "Cayuse", ["xda"] = "Darkinjung", ["xdc"] = "Dacian", ["xdk"] = "Dharug", ["xdm"] = "เอโดม", ["xdq"] = "Kaitag", ["xdy"] = "Malayic Dayak", ["xeb"] = "Eblaite", ["xed"] = "Hdi", ["xeg"] = "ǁXegwi", ["xel"] = "Kelo", ["xem"] = "Kembayan", ["xep"] = "Epi-Olmec", ["xer"] = "Xerénte", ["xes"] = "Kesawai", ["xet"] = "Xetá", ["xeu"] = "Keoru-Ahia", ["xfa"] = "ฟาลิสกุส", ["xga"] = "Galatian", ["xgb"] = "Gbin", ["xgd"] = "Gudang", ["xgf"] = "Gabrielino-Fernandeño", ["xgg"] = "Goreng", ["xgi"] = "Garingbal", ["xgl"] = "Galindian", ["xgm"] = "Darumbal", ["xgn-pro"] = "มองโกลิกดั้งเดิม", ["xgr"] = "Garza", ["xgu"] = "Unggumi", ["xgw"] = "Guwa", ["xh"] = "โคซา", ["xha"] = "Harami", ["xhc"] = "Hunnic", ["xhd"] = "Hadrami", ["xhe"] = "Khetrani", ["xhm"] = "เขมรกลาง", ["xhr"] = "Hernican", ["xht"] = "Hattic", ["xhu"] = "ฮูร์เรีย", ["xhv"] = "Khua", ["xib"] = "Iberian", ["xii"] = "Xiri", ["xil"] = "Illyrian", ["xin"] = "Xinca", ["xir"] = "Xiriâna", ["xis"] = "Kisan", ["xiv"] = "Harappan", ["xiy"] = "Xipaya", ["xjb"] = "Minjungbal", ["xka"] = "Kalkoti", ["xkb"] = "Manigri-Kambolé Ede Nago", ["xkc"] = "Khoini", ["xkd"] = "Mendalam Kayan", ["xke"] = "Kereho", ["xkf"] = "Khengkha", ["xkg"] = "Kagoro", ["xki"] = "Kenyan Sign Language", ["xkj"] = "Kajali", ["xkk"] = "Kaco'", ["xkl"] = "Bakung", ["xkn"] = "Kayan River Kayan", ["xko"] = "Kiorr", ["xkp"] = "Kabatei", ["xkq"] = "Koroni", ["xkr"] = "Xakriabá", ["xks"] = "Kumbewaha", ["xkt"] = "Kantosi", ["xku"] = "Kaamba", ["xkv"] = "Kgalagadi", ["xkw"] = "Kembra", ["xkx"] = "Karore", ["xky"] = "Uma' Lasan", ["xkz"] = "Kurtöp", ["xla"] = "Kamula", ["xlb"] = "Loup B", ["xlc"] = "Lycian", ["xld"] = "Lydian", ["xle"] = "Lemnian", ["xlg"] = "Ancient Ligurian", ["xli"] = "Liburnian", ["xln"] = "Alanic", ["xlo"] = "Loup A", ["xlp"] = "Lepontic", ["xls"] = "Lusitanian", ["xlu"] = "Luwian", ["xly"] = "Elymian", ["xmb"] = "Mbonga", ["xmc"] = "Makhuwa-Marrevone", ["xmd"] = "Mbudum", ["xme-ker"] = "Kermanic", ["xme-kls"] = "Kalasuri", ["xme-klt"] = "Kilit", ["xme-mid"] = "Middle Median", ["xme-old"] = "Old Median", ["xme-ott"] = "Old Tati", ["xme-taf"] = "Tafreshi", ["xme-ttc-pro"] = "Proto-Tatic", ["xmf"] = "มิงเกรเลีย", ["xmg"] = "Mengaka", ["xmh"] = "Kugu-Muminh", ["xmj"] = "Majera", ["xmk"] = "Ancient Macedonian", ["xml"] = "Malaysian Sign Language", ["xmm"] = "มลายูแบบมานาโด", ["xmo"] = "Morerebi", ["xmp"] = "Kuku-Mu'inh", ["xmq"] = "Kuku-Mangk", ["xmr"] = "Meroitic", ["xms"] = "Moroccan Sign Language", ["xmt"] = "Matbat", ["xmu"] = "Kamu", ["xmx"] = "Maden", ["xmy"] = "Mayaguduna", ["xmz"] = "Mori Bawah", ["xna"] = "Ancient North Arabian", ["xnb"] = "Kanakanabu", ["xnd-pro"] = "Proto-Na-Dene", ["xng"] = "มองโกเลียกลาง", ["xnh"] = "Kuanhua", ["xni"] = "Ngarigu", ["xnk"] = "Nganakarti", ["xnn"] = "กันกานาอือเหนือ", ["xnr"] = "Kangri", ["xns"] = "Kanashi", ["xnt"] = "Narragansett", ["xnu"] = "Nukunul", ["xny"] = "Nyiyaparli", ["xoc"] = "O'chi'chi'", ["xod"] = "Kokoda", ["xog"] = "Soga", ["xoi"] = "Kominimung", ["xok"] = "Xokleng", ["xom"] = "Komo", ["xon"] = "Konkomba", ["xoo"] = "Xukurú", ["xop"] = "Kopar", ["xor"] = "Korubo", ["xow"] = "Kowaki", ["xpa"] = "Pirriya", ["xpb"] = "Pyemmairre", ["xpc"] = "Pecheneg", ["xpd"] = "Paredarerme", ["xpe"] = "Liberia Kpelle", ["xpf"] = "Southeast Tasmanian", ["xpg"] = "Phrygian", ["xph"] = "Tyerrernotepanner", ["xpi"] = "Pictish", ["xpj"] = "Mpalitjanh", ["xpk"] = "Kulina", ["xpl"] = "Port Sorell", ["xpm"] = "Pumpokol", ["xpn"] = "Kapinawá", ["xpo"] = "Pochutec", ["xpp"] = "Puyo-Paekche", ["xpq"] = "Mohegan-Pequot", ["xpr"] = "พาร์เทีย", ["xps"] = "Pisidian", ["xpu"] = "Punic", ["xpv"] = "Tommeginne", ["xpw"] = "Peerapper", ["xpx"] = "Toogee", ["xpy"] = "Buyeo", ["xpz"] = "Bruny Island", ["xqa"] = "Karakhanid", ["xqt"] = "Qatabanian", ["xra"] = "Krahô", ["xrb"] = "Eastern Karaboro", ["xrd"] = "Gundungurra", ["xre"] = "Kreye", ["xrg"] = "Minang", ["xri"] = "Krikati-Timbira", ["xrm"] = "Armazic", ["xrn"] = "Arin", ["xrq"] = "Karranga", ["xrr"] = "Raetic", ["xrt"] = "Aranama-Tamique", ["xru"] = "Marriammu", ["xrw"] = "Karawa", ["xsa"] = "Sabaean", ["xsb"] = "ซัมบัล", ["xsc-pro"] = "Proto-Scythian", ["xsc-sak-pro"] = "Proto-Saka", ["xsc-sar-pro"] = "Proto-Sarmatian", ["xsc-skw-pro"] = "Proto-Saka-Wakhi", ["xsd"] = "Sidetic", ["xse"] = "Sempan", ["xsh"] = "Shamang", ["xsi"] = "Sio", ["xsj"] = "Subi", ["xsl"] = "South Slavey", ["xsm"] = "Kasem", ["xsn"] = "Sanga (Nigeria)", ["xso"] = "Solano", ["xsp"] = "Silopi", ["xsq"] = "Makhuwa-Saka", ["xsr"] = "เศรปา", ["xss"] = "Assan", ["xsu"] = "Sanumá", ["xsv"] = "ซูโดเวีย", ["xsy"] = "Saisiyat", ["xta"] = "Alcozauca Mixtec", ["xtb"] = "Chazumba Mixtec", ["xtc"] = "Kadugli", ["xtd"] = "Diuxi-Tilantongo Mixtec", ["xte"] = "Ketengban", ["xth"] = "Yitha Yitha", ["xti"] = "Sinicahua Mixtec", ["xtj"] = "San Juan Teita Mixtec", ["xtl"] = "Tijaltepec Mixtec", ["xtm"] = "Magdalena Peñasco Mixtec", ["xtn"] = "Northern Tlaxiaco Mixtec", ["xto"] = "โทแคเรียนเอ", ["xtp"] = "San Miguel Piedras Mixtec", ["xtq"] = "ตุมซุก", ["xtr"] = "Early Tripuri", ["xts"] = "Sindihui Mixtec", ["xtt"] = "Tacahua Mixtec", ["xtu"] = "Cuyamecalco Mixtec", ["xtv"] = "Thawa", ["xtw"] = "Tawandê", ["xty"] = "Yoloxochitl Mixtec", ["xua"] = "Alu Kurumba", ["xub"] = "Betta Kurumba", ["xud"] = "Umiida", ["xug"] = "คูนิงามิ", ["xuj"] = "Jennu Kurumba", ["xul"] = "Ngunawal", ["xum"] = "อุมเบรีย", ["xun"] = "Unggaranggu", ["xuo"] = "Kuo", ["xup"] = "Upper Umpqua", ["xur"] = "Urartian", ["xut"] = "Kuthant", ["xuu"] = "Khwe", ["xve"] = "Venetic", ["xvn"] = "วันดัล", ["xvo"] = "Volscian", ["xvs"] = "Vestinian", ["xwa"] = "Kwaza", ["xwc"] = "Woccon", ["xwd"] = "Wadi Wadi", ["xwe"] = "Xwela Gbe", ["xwg"] = "Kwegu", ["xwj"] = "Wajuk", ["xwk"] = "Wangkumara", ["xwl"] = "Western Xwla Gbe", ["xwo"] = "Written Oirat", ["xwr"] = "Kwerba Mamberamo", ["xww"] = "Wemba-Wemba", ["xxb"] = "Boro", ["xxk"] = "Ke'o", ["xxm"] = "Minkin", ["xxr"] = "Koropó", ["xxt"] = "Tambora", ["xya"] = "Yaygir", ["xyb"] = "Yandjibara", ["xyl"] = "Yalakalore", ["xyt"] = "Mayi-Thakurti", ["xyy"] = "Yorta Yorta", ["xzh"] = "Zhang-Zhung", ["xzm"] = "Semigallian", ["xzp"] = "Ancient Zapotec", ["yaa"] = "Yaminahua", ["yab"] = "Yuhup", ["yac"] = "Pass Valley Yali", ["yad"] = "Yagua", ["yae"] = "Pumé", ["yaf"] = "Yaka", ["yag"] = "ยามานา", ["yah"] = "Yazghulami", ["yai"] = "Yaghnobi", ["yaj"] = "Banda-Yangere", ["yak"] = "Yakima", ["yal"] = "Yalunka", ["yam"] = "Yamba", ["yan"] = "Mayangna", ["yao"] = "Yao", ["yap"] = "Yapese", ["yaq"] = "Yaqui", ["yar"] = "Yabarana", ["yas"] = "Gunu", ["yat"] = "Yambeta", ["yau"] = "Yuwana", ["yav"] = "Yangben", ["yaw"] = "Yawalapití", ["yay"] = "Agwagwune", ["yaz"] = "Lokaa", ["yba"] = "Yala", ["ybb"] = "Yemba", ["ybe"] = "Western Yugur", ["ybh"] = "Yakkha", ["ybi"] = "Yamphu", ["ybj"] = "Hasha", ["ybk"] = "Bokha", ["ybl"] = "Yukuben", ["ybm"] = "Yaben", ["ybn"] = "Yabaâna", ["ybo"] = "Yabong", ["ybx"] = "Yawiyo", ["yby"] = "Yaweyuha", ["ych"] = "Chesu", ["ycl"] = "Lolopo", ["ycn"] = "Yucuna", ["ycp"] = "Chepya", ["ycr"] = "Yilan Creole", ["yda"] = "Yanda", ["yde"] = "Yangum Dey", ["ydg"] = "Yidgha", ["ydk"] = "Yoidik", ["yea"] = "Ravula", ["yec"] = "Yenish", ["yee"] = "Yimas", ["yei"] = "Yeni", ["yej"] = "Yevanic", ["yen"] = "Yendang", ["yer"] = "Tarok", ["yes"] = "Yeskwa", ["yet"] = "Yetfa", ["yeu"] = "Yerukula", ["yev"] = "Yapunda", ["yey"] = "Yeyi", ["ygi"] = "Yiningayi", ["ygl"] = "Yangum Gel", ["ygm"] = "Yagomi", ["ygp"] = "Gepo", ["ygr"] = "Yagaria", ["ygs"] = "Yolngu Sign Language", ["ygu"] = "Yugul", ["ygw"] = "Yagwoia", ["yha"] = "Baha", ["yhl"] = "Hlepho Phowa", ["yi"] = "ยิดดิช", ["yia"] = "Yinggarda", ["yif"] = "Ache", ["yig"] = "Wusa", ["yii"] = "Yidiny", ["yij"] = "Yindjibarndi", ["yik"] = "Dongshanba Lalo", ["yil"] = "Yindjilandji", ["yim"] = "Yimchungru Naga", ["yin"] = "Yinchia", ["yip"] = "Pholo", ["yiq"] = "Micha", ["yir"] = "North Awyu", ["yis"] = "Yis", ["yit"] = "Eastern Lalu", ["yiu"] = "Lope", ["yiv"] = "Northern Nisu", ["yix"] = "Axi", ["yiy"] = "Yir-Yoront", ["yiz"] = "Azhe", ["yka"] = "ยากัน", ["ykg"] = "Northern Yukaghir", ["ykh"] = "Khamnigan Mongol", ["yki"] = "Yoke", ["ykk"] = "Yakaikeke", ["ykl"] = "Khlula", ["ykm"] = "Kap", ["ykn"] = "Kua-nsi", ["yko"] = "Yasa", ["ykr"] = "Yekora", ["ykt"] = "Kathu", ["yku"] = "Kuamasi", ["yky"] = "Yakoma", ["yla"] = "Yaul", ["ylb"] = "Yaleba", ["yle"] = "Yele", ["ylg"] = "Yelogu", ["yli"] = "Angguruk Yali", ["yll"] = "Yil", ["ylm"] = "Limi", ["yln"] = "Langnian Buyang", ["ylo"] = "Naruo", ["ylr"] = "Yalarnnga", ["ylu"] = "Aribwaung", ["yly"] = "Nyelâyu", ["ymb"] = "Yambes", ["ymc"] = "Southern Muji", ["ymd"] = "Muda", ["yme"] = "Yameo", ["ymg"] = "Yamongeri", ["ymh"] = "Mili", ["ymi"] = "Moji", ["ymk"] = "Makwe", ["yml"] = "Iamalele", ["ymm"] = "Maay", ["ymn"] = "Sunum", ["ymo"] = "Yangum Mon", ["ymp"] = "Yamap", ["ymq"] = "Qila Muji", ["ymr"] = "Malasar", ["yms"] = "Mysian", ["ymx"] = "Northern Muji", ["ymz"] = "Muzi", ["yna"] = "Aluo", ["ynb"] = "Yamben", ["ynd"] = "Yandruwandha", ["yne"] = "Lang'e", ["yng"] = "Yango", ["ynk"] = "Naukanski", ["ynl"] = "Yangulam", ["ynn"] = "Yana", ["yno"] = "ยอง", ["yns"] = "Yansi", ["ynu"] = "Yahuna", ["yo"] = "โยรูบา", ["yob"] = "Yoba", ["yog"] = "โยกัด", ["yoi"] = "โยนางูนิ", ["yok-bvy"] = "Buena Vista Yokuts", ["yok-dly"] = "Delta Yokuts", ["yok-gsy"] = "Gashowu Yokuts", ["yok-kry"] = "Kings River Yokuts", ["yok-nvy"] = "Northern Valley Yokuts", ["yok-ply"] = "Palewyami Yokuts", ["yok-svy"] = "Southern Valley Yokuts", ["yok-tky"] = "Tule-Kaweah Yokuts", ["yol"] = "ยอลอ", ["yom"] = "Yombe", ["yon"] = "Yongkom", ["yox"] = "โยรง", ["yoy"] = "Yoy", ["ypa"] = "Phala", ["ypb"] = "Labo Phowa", ["ypg"] = "Phola", ["yph"] = "Phupha", ["ypk-pro"] = "Proto-Yupik", ["ypm"] = "Phuma", ["ypn"] = "Ani Phowa", ["ypo"] = "Alo Phola", ["ypp"] = "Phupa", ["ypz"] = "Phuza", ["yra"] = "Yerakai", ["yrb"] = "Yareba", ["yre"] = "Yaouré", ["yri"] = "Yarí", ["yrk-for"] = "Forest Nenets", ["yrk-tun"] = "Tundra Nenets", ["yrl"] = "Nheengatu", ["yrn"] = "Yerong", ["yro"] = "Ỹaroamë", ["yrw"] = "Yarawata", ["yry"] = "Yarluyandi", ["ysc"] = "Jassic", ["ysd"] = "Samatao", ["ysg"] = "Sonaga", ["ysl"] = "Yugoslavian Sign Language", ["ysn"] = "Sani", ["yso"] = "Nisi", ["ysp"] = "Southern Lolopo", ["ysr"] = "Sirenik", ["yss"] = "Yessan-Mayo", ["ysy"] = "Sanie", ["yta"] = "Talu", ["ytl"] = "Toloza", ["ytp"] = "Thopho", ["ytw"] = "Yout Wam", ["yty"] = "Yatay", ["yua"] = "Yucatec Maya", ["yub"] = "Yugambal", ["yuc"] = "Yuchi", ["yue"] = "กวางตุ้ง", ["yuf"] = "Havasupai-Walapai-Yavapai", ["yug"] = "Yug", ["yui"] = "Yurutí", ["yuj"] = "Karkar-Yuri", ["yuk"] = "Yuki", ["yul"] = "Yulu", ["yum"] = "Yuma", ["yun"] = "Bena", ["yup"] = "Yukpa", ["yuq"] = "Yuqui", ["yur"] = "Yurok", ["yut"] = "Yopno", ["yuw"] = "Finisterre Yau", ["yux"] = "Southern Yukaghir", ["yuy"] = "East Yugur", ["yuz"] = "Yuracare", ["yva"] = "Yawa", ["yvt"] = "Yavitero", ["ywa"] = "Kalou", ["ywg"] = "Yinhawangka", ["ywl"] = "Western Lalu", ["ywn"] = "Yawanawa", ["ywq"] = "Nasu", ["ywr"] = "Yawuru", ["ywt"] = "Xishanba Lalo", ["ywu"] = "Wumeng", ["yww"] = "Yawarawarga", ["yxa"] = "Mayawali", ["yxg"] = "Yagara", ["yxl"] = "Yarli", ["yxm"] = "Yinwum", ["yxu"] = "Yuyu", ["yxy"] = "Yabula Yabula", ["yyu"] = "Torricelli Yau", ["yyz"] = "Ayizi", ["yzg"] = "E'ma Buyang", ["yzk"] = "Zokhuo", ["za"] = "จ้วง", ["zaa"] = "Sierra de Juárez Zapotec", ["zab"] = "San Juan Guelavía Zapotec", ["zac"] = "Ocotlán Zapotec", ["zad"] = "Cajonos Zapotec", ["zae"] = "Yareni Zapotec", ["zaf"] = "Ayoquesco Zapotec", ["zag"] = "Zaghawa", ["zah"] = "Zangwal", ["zai"] = "Isthmus Zapotec", ["zaj"] = "Zaramo", ["zak"] = "Zanaki", ["zal"] = "Zauzou", ["zam"] = "Central Mahuatlán Zapotec", ["zao"] = "Ozolotepec Zapotec", ["zap"] = "Zapotec", ["zaq"] = "Aloápam Zapotec", ["zar"] = "Rincón Zapotec", ["zas"] = "Santo Domingo Albarradas Zapotec", ["zat"] = "Tabaa Zapotec", ["zau"] = "ซันสการ์", ["zav"] = "Yatzachi Zapotec", ["zaw"] = "Mitla Zapotec", ["zax"] = "Xadani Zapotec", ["zay"] = "Zayse-Zergulla", ["zaz"] = "Zari", ["zbt"] = "Batui", ["zca"] = "Coatecas Altas Zapotec", ["zdj"] = "Ngazidja Comorian", ["zea"] = "Zealandic", ["zeg"] = "Zenag", ["zen"] = "Zenaga", ["zga"] = "Kinga", ["zgh"] = "Moroccan Amazigh", ["zgr"] = "Magori", ["zh"] = "จีน", ["zhb"] = "Zhaba", ["zhi"] = "Zhire", ["zhn"] = "จ้วงแบบหนง", ["zhw"] = "Zhoa", ["zhx-min-pro"] = "หมิ่นดั้งเดิม", ["zhx-sht"] = "Shaozhou Tuhua", ["zhx-sic"] = "เสฉวน", ["zhx-tai"] = "ห่อยซัน", ["zia"] = "Zia", ["zib"] = "Zimbabwe Sign Language", ["zik"] = "Zimakani", ["zil"] = "Zialo", ["zim"] = "Mesme", ["zin"] = "Zinza", ["zir"] = "Ziriya", ["ziw"] = "Zigula", ["ziz"] = "Zizilivakan", ["zka"] = "Kaimbulawa", ["zkb"] = "Koibal", ["zkd"] = "กะดู", ["zkg"] = "Goguryeo", ["zkh"] = "Khorezmian Turkic", ["zkk"] = "Karankawa", ["zko"] = "Kott", ["zkp"] = "São Paulo Kaingáng", ["zkr"] = "Zakhring", ["zkt"] = "คีตัน", ["zku"] = "Kaurna", ["zkv"] = "Krevinian", ["zkz"] = "Khazar", ["zle-ono"] = "Old Novgorodian", ["zle-ort"] = "รูซินเก่า", ["zls-chs"] = "Church Slavonic", ["zlw-ocs"] = "เช็กเก่า", ["zlw-opl"] = "โปแลนด์เก่า", ["zlw-osk"] = "สโลวักเก่า", ["zlw-slv"] = "สโลวินช์", ["zma"] = "Manda (Australia)", ["zmb"] = "Zimba", ["zmc"] = "Margany", ["zmd"] = "Maridan", ["zme"] = "Mangerr", ["zmf"] = "Mfinu", ["zmg"] = "Marti Ke", ["zmh"] = "Makolkol", ["zmi"] = "Negeri Sembilan Malay", ["zmj"] = "Maridjabin", ["zmk"] = "Mandandanyi", ["zml"] = "Madngele", ["zmm"] = "Marimanindji", ["zmn"] = "Mbangwe", ["zmo"] = "Molo", ["zmp"] = "Mbuun", ["zmq"] = "Mituku", ["zmr"] = "Maranungku", ["zms"] = "Mbesa", ["zmt"] = "Maringarr", ["zmu"] = "Muruwari", ["zmv"] = "Mbariman-Gudhinma", ["zmw"] = "Mbo (Congo)", ["zmx"] = "Bomitaba", ["zmy"] = "Mariyedi", ["zmz"] = "Mbandja", ["zna"] = "Zan Gula", ["zne"] = "Zande", ["zng"] = "Mang", ["znk"] = "Manangkari", ["zns"] = "Mangas", ["zoc"] = "Copainalá Zoque", ["zoh"] = "Chimalapa Zoque", ["zom"] = "Zou", ["zoo"] = "Asunción Mixtepec Zapotec", ["zoq"] = "Tabasco Zoque", ["zor"] = "Rayón Zoque", ["zos"] = "Francisco León Zoque", ["zpa"] = "Lachiguiri Zapotec", ["zpb"] = "Yautepec Zapotec", ["zpc"] = "Choapan Zapotec", ["zpd"] = "Southeastern Ixtlán Zapotec", ["zpe"] = "Petapa Zapotec", ["zpf"] = "San Pedro Quiatoni Zapotec", ["zpg"] = "Guevea de Humboldt Zapotec", ["zph"] = "Totomachapan Zapotec", ["zpi"] = "Santa María Quiegolani Zapotec", ["zpj"] = "Quiavicuzas Zapotec", ["zpk"] = "Tlacolulita Zapotec", ["zpl"] = "Lachixío Zapotec", ["zpm"] = "Mixtepec Zapotec", ["zpn"] = "Santa Inés Yatzechi Zapotec", ["zpo"] = "Amatlán Zapotec", ["zpp"] = "El Alto Zapotec", ["zpq"] = "Zoogocho Zapotec", ["zpr"] = "Santiago Xanica Zapotec", ["zps"] = "Coatlán Zapotec", ["zpt"] = "San Vicente Coatlán Zapotec", ["zpu"] = "Yalálag Zapotec", ["zpv"] = "Chichicapan Zapotec", ["zpw"] = "Zaniza Zapotec", ["zpx"] = "San Baltazar Loxicha Zapotec", ["zpy"] = "Mazaltepec Zapotec", ["zpz"] = "Texmelucan Zapotec", ["zra"] = "Gaya", ["zrg"] = "Mirgan", ["zrn"] = "Zirenkel", ["zro"] = "Záparo", ["zrs"] = "Mairasi", ["zsa"] = "Sarasira", ["zsk"] = "Kaskean", ["zsl"] = "Zambian Sign Language", ["zsr"] = "Southern Rincon Zapotec", ["zsu"] = "Sukurum", ["zte"] = "Elotepec Zapotec", ["ztg"] = "Xanaguía Zapotec", ["ztl"] = "Lapaguía-Guivini Zapotec", ["ztm"] = "San Agustín Mixtepec Zapotec", ["ztn"] = "Santa Catarina Albarradas Zapotec", ["ztp"] = "Loxicha Zapotec", ["ztq"] = "Quioquitani-Quierí Zapotec", ["zts"] = "Tilquiapan Zapotec", ["ztt"] = "Tejalapan Zapotec", ["ztu"] = "San Pablo Güilá Zapotec", ["ztx"] = "Zaachila Zapotec", ["zty"] = "Yatee Zapotec", ["zu"] = "ซูลู", ["zua"] = "Zeem", ["zuh"] = "Tokano", ["zum"] = "Kumzari", ["zun"] = "ซูนี", ["zuy"] = "Zumaya", ["zwa"] = "Zay", ["zyp"] = "Zyphe", ["zza"] = "ซาซา", ["zzj"] = "จ้วงแบบจั่วเจียง", } mdk0oq3dccxbpyakwigizlkh6t1u3uj มอดูล:languages/canonical names 828 211224 5753715 5729384 2026-08-02T02:43:32Z OctraBot 3198 แก้ ซีโน > ซิโน 5753715 Scribunto text/plain return { ["'Are'are"] = "alu", ["A'ou"] = "aou", ["A-Hmao"] = "hmd", ["A-Pucikwar"] = "apq", ["Aari"] = "aiw", ["Aasax"] = "aas", ["Aba"] = "utp", ["Abaga"] = "abg", ["Abai"] = "poz-abi", ["Abai Sungai"] = "abf", ["Abanyom"] = "abm", ["Abau"] = "aau", ["Abenaki"] = "abe", ["Abenlen Ayta"] = "abp", ["Abidji"] = "abi", ["Abinomn"] = "bsa", ["Abipón"] = "axb", ["Abishira"] = "ash", ["Abom"] = "aob", ["Abon"] = "abo", ["Aborlan Tagbanwa"] = "tbw", ["Abu"] = "ado", ["Abu'"] = "aah", ["Abua"] = "abn", ["Abui"] = "abz", ["Abun"] = "kgr", ["Abung"] = "abl", ["Abure"] = "abu", ["Abureni"] = "mgj", ["Acatepec Me'phaa"] = "tpx", ["Achagua"] = "aca", ["Achang"] = "acn", ["Ache"] = "yif", ["Acheron"] = "acz", ["Achi"] = "acr", ["Acholi"] = "ach", ["Achuar"] = "acu", ["Achumawi"] = "acv", ["Aché"] = "guq", ["Acroá"] = "acs", ["Adai"] = "xad", ["Adamorobe Sign Language"] = "ads", ["Adang"] = "adn", ["Adangbe"] = "adq", ["Adangme"] = "ada", ["Adap"] = "adp", ["Adasen"] = "tiu", ["Adele"] = "ade", ["Adhola"] = "adh", ["Adi"] = "adi", ["Adioukrou"] = "adj", ["Adithinngithigh"] = "dth", ["Adivasi Odia"] = "ort", ["Adiwasi Garasia"] = "gas", ["Adja"] = "ajg", ["Adnyamathanha"] = "adt", ["Adonara"] = "adr", ["Aduge"] = "adu", ["Adzera"] = "adz", ["Adûni"] = "art-adu", ["Aeka"] = "aez", ["Aekyom"] = "awi", ["Aequian"] = "xae", ["Aer"] = "aeq", ["Afade"] = "aal", ["Afghan Sign Language"] = "afg", ["Afitti"] = "aft", ["Afra"] = "ulf", ["Afrihili"] = "afh", ["Afro-Seminole Creole"] = "afs", ["Agarabi"] = "agd", ["Agariya"] = "agi", ["Agatu"] = "agc", ["Agavotaguerra"] = "avo", ["Agawam"] = "alg-aga", ["Aghem"] = "agq", ["Aghu"] = "ahh", ["Aghu Tharrnggala"] = "gtu", ["Aghul"] = "agx", ["Aghwan"] = "xag", ["Agi"] = "aif", ["Agob"] = "kit", ["Agoi"] = "ibm", ["Aguacateca"] = "agu", ["Aguano"] = "aga", ["Aguaruna"] = "agr", ["Aguna"] = "aug", ["Agusan Manobo"] = "msm", ["Agwagwune"] = "yay", ["Ahanta"] = "aha", ["Ahirani"] = "ahr", ["Ahtna"] = "aht", ["Ahwai"] = "nfd", ["Ai-Cham"] = "aih", ["Aighon"] = "aix", ["Aikanã"] = "tba", ["Aiklep"] = "mwg", ["Aimele"] = "ail", ["Aimol"] = "aim", ["Ainbai"] = "aic", ["Aiome"] = "aki", ["Airoran"] = "air", ["Aisi"] = "mmq", ["Aja"] = "aja", ["Ajawa"] = "ajw", ["Ajië"] = "aji", ["Ajyíninka Apurucayali"] = "cpc", ["Ak"] = "akq", ["Aka (Central Africa)"] = "axk", ["Aka (Sudan)"] = "soh", ["Aka-Bea"] = "abj", ["Aka-Bo"] = "akm", ["Aka-Cari"] = "aci", ["Aka-Kede"] = "akx", ["Aka-Kol"] = "aky", ["Aka-Kora"] = "ack", ["Akar-Bale"] = "acl", ["Akaselem"] = "aks", ["Akatek"] = "knj", ["Akawaio"] = "ake", ["Ake"] = "aik", ["Akebu"] = "keu", ["Akei"] = "tsr", ["Akeu"] = "aeu", ["Akhvakh"] = "akv", ["Akkala Sami"] = "sia", ["Akolet"] = "akt", ["Akoose"] = "bss", ["Akoye"] = "miw", ["Akpa"] = "akf", ["Akpes"] = "ibe", ["Akrukay"] = "afi", ["Akuku"] = "ayk", ["Akum"] = "aku", ["Akuntsu"] = "aqz", ["Akurio"] = "ako", ["Akuwagel"] = "bey", ["Akwa"] = "akw", ["Akyaung Ari"] = "nqy", ["Al-Sayyid Bedouin Sign Language"] = "syy", ["Alaba"] = "alw", ["Alabat Island Agta"] = "dul", ["Alacatlatzala Mixtec"] = "mim", ["Alago"] = "ala", ["Alagwa"] = "wbj", ["Alak"] = "alk", ["Alamblak"] = "amp", ["Alangan"] = "alj", ["Alanic"] = "xln", ["Alapmunte"] = "apv", ["Alas-Kluet Batak"] = "btz", ["Alawa"] = "alh", ["Alazapa"] = "nai-ala", ["Albanian Sign Language"] = "sqk", ["Alchuka"] = "tuw-alk", ["Alcozauca Mixtec"] = "xta", ["Alege"] = "alf", ["Alekano"] = "gah", ["Aleut"] = "ale", ["Algerian Sign Language"] = "asp", ["Algonquin"] = "alq", ["Ali"] = "aiy", ["Alladian"] = "ald", ["Allar"] = "all", ["Allentiac"] = "sai-all", ["Alngith"] = "aid", ["Alo Phola"] = "ypo", ["Alorese"] = "aol", ["Aloápam Zapotec"] = "zaq", ["Alsea"] = "aes", ["Alu"] = "mte", ["Alu Kurumba"] = "xua", ["Alugu"] = "aub", ["Alumu-Tesu"] = "aab", ["Alune"] = "alp", ["Alungul"] = "aus-alu", ["Aluo"] = "yna", ["Alur"] = "alz", ["Alutor"] = "alr", ["Alviri-Vidari"] = "avd", ["Alyawarr"] = "aly", ["Ama"] = "amm", ["Amahai"] = "amq", ["Amahuaca"] = "amc", ["Amaimon"] = "ali", ["Amal"] = "aad", ["Amanab"] = "amn", ["Amanayé"] = "ama", ["Amara"] = "aie", ["Amarakaeri"] = "amr", ["Amarasi"] = "aaz", ["Amarizana"] = "awd-ama", ["Amasi"] = "alv-ama", ["Amatlán Zapotec"] = "zpo", ["Amba"] = "rwm", ["Ambai"] = "amk", ["Ambakich"] = "aew", ["Ambala Ayta"] = "abc", ["Ambelau"] = "amv", ["Ambele"] = "ael", ["Amblong"] = "alm", ["Ambo"] = "amb", ["Ambonese Malay"] = "abs", ["Ambrak"] = "aag", ["Ambul"] = "apo", ["Ambulas"] = "abt", ["Amdang"] = "amj", ["Amele"] = "aey", ["Amganad Ifugao"] = "ifa", ["Ami"] = "amy", ["Amis"] = "ami", ["Amo"] = "amo", ["Amol"] = "alx", ["Amoltepec Mixtec"] = "mbz", ["Amondawa"] = "adw", ["Amorite"] = "sem-amo", ["Ampanang"] = "apg", ["Ampari Dogon"] = "aqd", ["Amri Karbi"] = "ajz", ["Amto"] = "amt", ["Amurdag"] = "amg", ["Ana Tinga Dogon"] = "dti", ["Anaang"] = "anw", ["Anakalangu"] = "akg", ["Anam"] = "pda", ["Anambé"] = "aan", ["Anamgura"] = "imi", ["Anasi"] = "bpo", ["Anauyá"] = "awd-ana", ["Ancient Ligurian"] = "xlg", ["Ancient Macedonian"] = "xmk", ["Ancient North Arabian"] = "xna", ["Ancient Zapotec"] = "xzp", ["Andai"] = "afd", ["Andajin"] = "ajn", ["Andaman Creole Hindi"] = "hca", ["Andaqui"] = "ana", ["Andarum"] = "aod", ["Andegerebinha"] = "adg", ["Andh"] = "anr", ["Andi"] = "ani", ["Andio"] = "bzb", ["Andjingith"] = "aus-and", ["Andoa"] = "anb", ["Andoque"] = "ano", ["Andoquero"] = "sai-and", ["Andra-Hus"] = "anx", ["Anem"] = "anz", ["Aneme Wake"] = "aby", ["Anfillo"] = "myo", ["Angaataha"] = "agm", ["Angaité"] = "aqt", ["Angal"] = "age", ["Angal Enen"] = "aoe", ["Angal Heneng"] = "akh", ["Angami"] = "njm", ["Angevin"] = "roa-ang", ["Angguruk Yali"] = "yli", ["Angika"] = "anp", ["Angkamuthi"] = "avm", ["Angkola Batak"] = "akb", ["Angkula"] = "aus-ang", ["Angloromani"] = "rme", ["Angolar"] = "aoa", ["Angor"] = "agg", ["Angoram"] = "aog", ["Angosturas Tunebo"] = "tnd", ["Anguthimri"] = "awg", ["Ani Phowa"] = "ypn", ["Anii"] = "blo", ["Animere"] = "anf", ["Anindilyakwa"] = "aoi", ["Anjam"] = "boj", ["Ankave"] = "aak", ["Anmatyerre"] = "amx", ["Annobonese"] = "fab", ["Anong"] = "nun", ["Anor"] = "anj", ["Anserma"] = "ans", ["Ansus"] = "and", ["Antakarinya"] = "ant", ["Antigua and Barbuda Creole English"] = "aig", ["Antillean Creole"] = "gcf", ["Anu"] = "anl", ["Anuak"] = "anu", ["Anufo"] = "cko", ["Anuki"] = "aui", ["Anus"] = "auq", ["Anuta"] = "aud", ["Anyi"] = "any", ["Anyin Morofo"] = "mtb", ["Anāl"] = "anm", ["Ao"] = "njo", ["Aoheng"] = "pni", ["Aore"] = "aor", ["Ap Ma"] = "kbx", ["Apabhramsa"] = "inc-apa", ["Apalachee"] = "xap", ["Apalaí"] = "apy", ["Apali"] = "ena", ["Apasco-Apoala Mixtec"] = "mip", ["Apatani"] = "apt", ["Apiaká"] = "api", ["Apinayé"] = "apn", ["Apma"] = "app", ["Apolista"] = "awd-apo", ["Apro"] = "ahp", ["Apurinã"] = "apu", ["Aputai"] = "apx", ["Aquitanian"] = "xaq", ["Arabana"] = "ard", ["Arabela"] = "arl", ["Araki"] = "akr", ["Arakwal"] = "rkw", ["Aralle-Tabulahan"] = "atq", ["Arammba"] = "stk", ["Aranadan"] = "aaf", ["Aranama-Tamique"] = "xrt", ["Arandai"] = "jbj", ["Araona"] = "aro", ["Arapaho"] = "arp", ["Arapaso"] = "arj", ["Arara-Karo"] = "arr", ["Ararandewára"] = "xaj", ["Araweté"] = "awt", ["Arawum"] = "awm", ["Arbore"] = "arv", ["Archi"] = "aqc", ["Are"] = "mwc", ["Areba"] = "aea", ["Arem"] = "aem", ["Argentine Sign Language"] = "aed", ["Argobba"] = "agj", ["Arguni"] = "agf", ["Arhuaco"] = "arh", ["Arhâ"] = "aqr", ["Arhö"] = "aok", ["Ari"] = "aac", ["Aribwatsa"] = "laz", ["Aribwaung"] = "ylu", ["Arifama-Miniafia"] = "aai", ["Arigidi"] = "aqg", ["Arikapú"] = "ark", ["Arikara"] = "ari", ["Arikem"] = "ait", ["Arin"] = "xrn", ["Aringa"] = "luc", ["Armazic"] = "xrm", ["Armenian Sign Language"] = "aen", ["Aromanian"] = "rup", ["Arop-Lokep"] = "apr", ["Arop-Sissano"] = "aps", ["Arosi"] = "aia", ["Arritinngithigh"] = "rrt", ["Arta"] = "atz", ["Arua"] = "aru", ["Aruamu"] = "msy", ["Aruek"] = "aur", ["Aruop"] = "lsr", ["Arutani"] = "atx", ["Aruá"] = "arx", ["Arára (Mato Grosso)"] = "axg", ["Arára (Pará)"] = "aap", ["As"] = "asz", ["Asaro'o"] = "mtv", ["Ashe"] = "ahs", ["Ashkun"] = "ask", ["Asho Chin"] = "csh", ["Ashraaf"] = "cus-ash", ["Asháninka"] = "cni", ["Ashéninka Pajonal"] = "cjo", ["Ashéninka Perené"] = "prq", ["Asilulu"] = "asl", ["Askopan"] = "eiv", ["Asoa"] = "asv", ["Assan"] = "xss", ["Assangori"] = "sjg", ["Assiniboine"] = "asb", ["อารามายาใหม่แบบอัสซีเรีย"] = "aii", ["Asu"] = "aum", ["Asue Awyu"] = "psa", ["Asumboa"] = "aua", ["Asunción Mixtepec Zapotec"] = "zoo", ["Asuri"] = "asr", ["Ata"] = "atm", ["Ata Manobo"] = "atd", ["Atakapa"] = "aqp", ["Atampaya"] = "amz", ["Atanques"] = "cba-ata", ["Atatláhuca Mixtec"] = "mib", ["Atauran"] = "adb", ["Atayal"] = "tay", ["Atemble"] = "ate", ["Ateso"] = "teo", ["Athpare"] = "aph", ["Ati"] = "atk", ["Atikamekw"] = "atj", ["Atohwaim"] = "aqm", ["Atong (Cameroon)"] = "ato", ["Atorada"] = "aox", ["Atsahuaca"] = "atc", ["Atsam"] = "cch", ["Atsugewi"] = "atw", ["Attapady Kurumba"] = "pkr", ["Attié"] = "ati", ["Au"] = "avt", ["Auhelawa"] = "kud", ["Aukan"] = "djk", ["Aulua"] = "aul", ["Aurá"] = "aux", ["Aushi"] = "auh", ["Aushiri"] = "avs", ["Auslan"] = "asf", ["Austral"] = "aut", ["Australian Aboriginal Sign Language"] = "asw", ["Australian Kriol"] = "rop", ["Austrian Sign Language"] = "asq", ["Austronesian Mari"] = "hob", ["Auwe"] = "smf", ["Auyana"] = "auy", ["Auye"] = "auu", ["Auyokawa"] = "auo", ["Avatime"] = "avn", ["Avau"] = "avb", ["Avava"] = "tmb", ["Avikam"] = "avi", ["Avokaya"] = "avu", ["Avá-Canoeiro"] = "avv", ["Awa (China)"] = "vwa", ["Awa (New Guinea)"] = "awb", ["Awa-Cuaiquer"] = "kwi", ["Awabakal"] = "awk", ["Awak"] = "awo", ["Awar"] = "aya", ["Awara"] = "awx", ["Awbono"] = "awh", ["Aweer"] = "bob", ["Awera"] = "awr", ["Awetí"] = "awe", ["Awing"] = "azo", ["Awjila"] = "auj", ["Awngi"] = "awn", ["Awngthim"] = "gwm", ["Awtuw"] = "kmn", ["Awun"] = "aww", ["Awutu"] = "afu", ["Awyi"] = "auw", ["Axamb"] = "ahb", ["Axi"] = "yix", ["Ayabadhu"] = "ayd", ["Ayautla Mazatec"] = "vmy", ["Ayere"] = "aye", ["Ayerrerenge"] = "axe", ["Ayi"] = "ayq", ["Ayizi"] = "yyz", ["Ayizo"] = "ayb", ["Ayomán"] = "sai-ayo", ["Ayoquesco Zapotec"] = "zaf", ["Ayoreo"] = "ayo", ["Ayu"] = "ayu", ["Ayutla Mixtec"] = "miy", ["Azha"] = "aza", ["Azhe"] = "yiz", ["Azoyú Me'phaa"] = "tpc", ["Baa"] = "kwb", ["Baagandji"] = "drl", ["Baan"] = "bvj", ["Baangi"] = "bqx", ["Baatonum"] = "bba", ["Baba"] = "bbw", ["Baba Malay"] = "mbf", ["Babango"] = "bbm", ["Babanki"] = "bbk", ["Babatana"] = "baa", ["Babine-Witsuwit'en"] = "bcr", ["Babole"] = "bvx", ["Babungo"] = "bav", ["Babuza"] = "bzg", ["Bacama"] = "bcy", ["Bacanese Malay"] = "btj", ["Bada"] = "bhz", ["Badanchi"] = "bau", ["Bade"] = "bde", ["Badeshi"] = "bdz", ["Badimaya"] = "bia", ["Baduy"] = "bac", ["Badyara"] = "pbp", ["Baeggu"] = "bvd", ["Baelelea"] = "bvc", ["Baenan"] = "sai-bae", ["Baetora"] = "btr", ["Bafanji"] = "bfj", ["Bafaw"] = "bwt", ["Bafia"] = "ksf", ["Bafut"] = "bfd", ["Baga Kaloum"] = "bqf", ["Baga Koga"] = "bgo", ["Baga Manduri"] = "bmd", ["Baga Pokur"] = "bcg", ["Baga Sitemu"] = "bsp", ["Baga Sobané"] = "bsv", ["Bagheli"] = "bfy", ["Bagirmi"] = "bmi", ["Bago-Kusuntu"] = "bqg", ["Bagri"] = "bgq", ["Bagua"] = "sai-bag", ["Bagupi"] = "bpi", ["Bagusa"] = "bqb", ["Bagvalal"] = "kva", ["Baha"] = "yha", ["Baham"] = "bdw", ["Bahamian Creole"] = "bah", ["Bahau"] = "bhv", ["Bahinemo"] = "bjh", ["Bahing"] = "bhj", ["Bahonsuai"] = "bsu", ["Bai (South Sudan)"] = "bdj", ["Baibai"] = "bbf", ["Baikeno"] = "bkx", ["Bailang"] = "tbq-blg", ["Baima"] = "bqh", ["Baimak"] = "bmx", ["Bainouk-Gunyaamolo"] = "bcz", ["Bainouk-Gunyuño"] = "bab", ["Bainouk-Samik"] = "bcb", ["Baiso"] = "bsw", ["Baissa Fali"] = "fah", ["Bajan"] = "bjs", ["Bajelani"] = "bjm", ["Bajjika"] = "vjk", ["Baka"] = "bkc", ["Bakairí"] = "bkq", ["Bakaka"] = "bqz", ["Bakhtiari"] = "bqi", ["Baki"] = "bki", ["Bakoko"] = "bkh", ["Bakole"] = "kme", ["Bakpinka"] = "bbs", ["Bakulung"] = "bbu", ["Bakumpai"] = "bkr", ["Bakung"] = "xkl", ["Bakwé"] = "bjw", ["Bala"] = "tuw-bal", ["Balaesang"] = "bls", ["Balangao"] = "blw", ["Balangingi"] = "sse", ["Balanta-Ganja"] = "bjt", ["Balanta-Kentohe"] = "ble", ["Balantak"] = "blz", ["Balau"] = "blg", ["Baldemu"] = "bdn", ["Bali"] = "bcp", ["Baliledo"] = "poz-bal", ["Balinese Malay"] = "mhp", ["Balkan Gagauz Turkish"] = "bgx", ["Balkan Romani"] = "rmn", ["Balo"] = "bqo", ["Baloi"] = "biz", ["Balong"] = "bnt-bal", ["Baltic Romani"] = "rml", ["Baluan-Pam"] = "blq", ["Bamako Sign Language"] = "bog", ["Bamali"] = "bbq", ["Bambalang"] = "bmo", ["Bambam"] = "ptu", ["Bambassi"] = "myf", ["Bambili-Bambui"] = "baw", ["Bamenyam"] = "bce", ["Bamu"] = "bcf", ["Bamukumbit"] = "bqt", ["Bamum"] = "bax", ["Bamunka"] = "bvm", ["Bamwe"] = "bmg", ["Ban Khor Sign Language"] = "bfk", ["Bana"] = "bcw", ["Banao Itneg"] = "bjx", ["Banaro"] = "byz", ["Banda"] = "bnd", ["Banda Malay"] = "bpq", ["Banda-Bambari"] = "liy", ["Banda-Banda"] = "bpd", ["Banda-Mbrès"] = "bqk", ["Banda-Ndélé"] = "bfl", ["Banda-Yangere"] = "yaj", ["Bandi"] = "bza", ["Bandial"] = "bqj", ["Bandjalang"] = "bdy", ["Bangala"] = "bxg", ["Bangandu"] = "bgf", ["Bangba"] = "bbe", ["Banggai"] = "bgz", ["Bangi"] = "bni", ["Bangime"] = "dba", ["Bangka"] = "mfb", ["Bangolan"] = "bgj", ["Bangru"] = "sit-ban", ["Bangubangu"] = "bnx", ["Bangwinji"] = "bsj", ["Baniva"] = "bvv", ["Baniwa"] = "bwi", ["Banka"] = "bxw", ["Bankan Tey Dogon"] = "dbw", ["Bankon"] = "abb", ["Banoni"] = "bcm", ["Bantawa"] = "bap", ["Bantayanon"] = "bfx", ["Bantik"] = "bnq", ["Banyumasan"] = "map-bms", ["Baoule"] = "bci", ["Baraamu"] = "brd", ["Barai"] = "bbb", ["Barakai"] = "baj", ["Baram Kayan"] = "kys", ["Barama"] = "bbg", ["Barambu"] = "brm", ["Baramu"] = "bmz", ["Barapasi"] = "brp", ["Baras"] = "brs", ["Barasana"] = "bsn", ["Barbareño"] = "boi", ["Barclayville Grebo"] = "gry", ["Bardi"] = "bcj", ["Barein"] = "bva", ["Bargam"] = "mlp", ["Bari"] = "bfa", ["Bariai"] = "bch", ["Bariji"] = "bjc", ["Barikanchi"] = "bxo", ["Barikewa"] = "jbk", ["Barngarla"] = "bjb", ["Barok"] = "bjk", ["Barombi"] = "bbi", ["Barranbinya"] = "aus-bra", ["Barro Negro Tunebo"] = "tbn", ["Barrow Point"] = "bpt", ["Baruga"] = "bjz", ["Barunggam"] = "aus-brm", ["Baruya"] = "byr", ["Barwe"] = "bwg", ["Barzani Jewish Neo-Aramaic"] = "bjf", ["Baré"] = "bae", ["Barí"] = "mot", ["Basa"] = "bzw", ["Basa-Gumna"] = "bsl", ["Basa-Gurmana"] = "buj", ["Basaa"] = "bas", ["Basap"] = "bdb", ["Basay"] = "byq", ["Bashkardi"] = "bsg", ["Basketo"] = "bst", ["Basque-Icelandic Pidgin"] = "crp-bip", ["Bassa"] = "bsq", ["Bassa-Kontagora"] = "bsr", ["Bassari"] = "bsc", ["Bassossi"] = "bsi", ["Bata"] = "bta", ["Bataan Ayta"] = "ayt", ["Batad Ifugao"] = "ifb", ["Batanga"] = "bnm", ["Batek"] = "btq", ["Bateri"] = "btv", ["Bathari"] = "bhm", ["Bati (Cameroon)"] = "btc", ["Bati (Indonesia)"] = "bvt", ["Batu"] = "btu", ["Batui"] = "zbt", ["Batuley"] = "bay", ["Bau"] = "bbd", ["Bau Bidayuh"] = "sne", ["Bauchi"] = "bsf", ["Baure"] = "brg", ["Bauria"] = "bge", ["Bauro"] = "bxa", ["Bauwaki"] = "bwk", ["Bauzi"] = "bvz", ["Bawm Chin"] = "bgr", ["Bay Miwok"] = "mkq", ["Bayali"] = "bjy", ["Baybayanon"] = "bvy", ["Baygo"] = "byg", ["Bayogoula"] = "nai-bay", ["Bayono"] = "byl", ["Bayot"] = "bda", ["Bayungu"] = "bxj", ["Bazigar"] = "bfr", ["Baïnounk Gubëeher"] = "alv-bgu", ["Beami"] = "beo", ["Beary"] = "dra-bry", ["Beaver"] = "bea", ["Beba"] = "bfp", ["Bebe"] = "bzv", ["Bebele"] = "beb", ["Bebeli"] = "bek", ["Bebil"] = "bxp", ["Bedik"] = "tnr", ["Bedjond"] = "bjv", ["Bedoanas"] = "bed", ["Beeke"] = "bkf", ["Beele"] = "bxq", ["Beembe"] = "beq", ["Beezen"] = "bnz", ["Befang"] = "bby", ["Begbere-Ejar"] = "bqv", ["Beja"] = "bej", ["Bekati'"] = "bei", ["Bekwarra"] = "bkv", ["Bekwel"] = "bkw", ["Belait"] = "beg", ["Belanda Bor"] = "bxb", ["Belanda Viri"] = "bvi", ["Belhariya"] = "byw", ["Beli"] = "blm", ["Belizean Creole"] = "bzj", ["Bella Coola"] = "blc", ["Bellari"] = "brw", ["Belter Creole"] = "art-bel", ["Bemba"] = "bem", ["Bembe"] = "bmb", ["Ben Tey"] = "dbt", ["Bena"] = "yun", ["Benabena"] = "bef", ["Bench"] = "bcq", ["Bende"] = "bdp", ["Bendi"] = "bct", ["Beneraf"] = "bnv", ["Beng"] = "nhb", ["Benga"] = "bng", ["Benggoi"] = "bgy", ["Bengkala Sign Language"] = "bqy", ["Bentong"] = "bnu", ["Benyadu'"] = "byd", ["Beothuk"] = "bue", ["Bepour"] = "bie", ["Bera"] = "brf", ["Berakou"] = "bxv", ["Berau Malay"] = "bve", ["Berbice Creole Dutch"] = "brc", ["Bergish"] = "gmw-bgh", ["Berik"] = "bkl", ["Berinomo"] = "bit", ["Berom"] = "bom", ["Berta"] = "wti", ["Berti"] = "byt", ["Besisi"] = "mhe", ["Besme"] = "bes", ["Besoa"] = "bep", ["Betaf"] = "bfe", ["Bete"] = "byf", ["Bete-Bendi"] = "btt", ["Betoi"] = "sai-bet", ["Betta Kurumba"] = "xub", ["Bezhta"] = "kap", ["Bhadrawahi"] = "bhd", ["Bhalay"] = "bhx", ["Bharia"] = "bha", ["Bhatri"] = "bgw", ["Bhattiyali"] = "bht", ["Bhaya"] = "bhe", ["Bhele"] = "bhy", ["Bhilali"] = "bhi", ["Bhili"] = "bhb", ["Bhoti Kinnauri"] = "nes", ["Bhunjia"] = "bhu", ["Biafada"] = "bif", ["Biage"] = "bdf", ["Biak"] = "bhw", ["Biali"] = "beh", ["Bian Marind"] = "bpv", ["Biangai"] = "big", ["Biao"] = "byk", ["Biao Mon"] = "bmt", ["Biao-Jiao Mien"] = "bje", ["Biatah Bidayuh"] = "bth", ["Bibaali"] = "bcn", ["Bibbulman"] = "xbp", ["Bidiyo"] = "bid", ["Bidyara"] = "bym", ["Bidyogo"] = "bjg", ["Biem"] = "bmc", ["Bierebo"] = "bnk", ["Bieria"] = "brj", ["Biete"] = "biu", ["Big Nambas"] = "nmb", ["Biga"] = "bhc", ["Bigambal"] = "xbe", ["Bih"] = "ibh", ["Bijori"] = "bix", ["Bikaru"] = "bic", ["Bikya"] = "byb", ["Bila"] = "bip", ["Bilakura"] = "bql", ["Bilaspuri"] = "kfs", ["Bilba"] = "bpz", ["Bilbil"] = "brz", ["Bile"] = "bil", ["Biliau"] = "bcu", ["Biloxi"] = "bll", ["Bilua"] = "blb", ["Bilur"] = "bxf", ["Bima"] = "bhp", ["Bimin"] = "bhl", ["Bimoba"] = "bim", ["Bina"] = "bmn", ["Binahari"] = "bxz", ["Binandere"] = "bhg", ["Binawa"] = "byj", ["Bindal"] = "xbd", ["Bine"] = "bon", ["Binji"] = "bpj", ["Binongan Itneg"] = "itb", ["Bintauna"] = "bne", ["Bintulu"] = "bny", ["Binumarien"] = "bjr", ["Bipi"] = "biq", ["Birao"] = "brr", ["Birgid"] = "brk", ["Birgit"] = "btf", ["Birhor"] = "biy", ["Biri"] = "bzr", ["Biritai"] = "bqq", ["Birri"] = "bvq", ["Birrpayi"] = "xbj", ["Birwa"] = "brl", ["Biseni"] = "ije", ["Bishnupriya Manipuri"] = "bpy", ["Bishuo"] = "bwh", ["Bisis"] = "bnw", ["Bisorio"] = "bir", ["Bissa"] = "bib", ["Bit"] = "bgk", ["Bitare"] = "brt", ["Bitur"] = "mcc", ["Biwat"] = "bwm", ["Biyo"] = "byo", ["Biyom"] = "bpm", ["Blablanga"] = "blp", ["Blackfoot"] = "bla", ["Blafe"] = "bfh", ["Blang"] = "blr", ["Blin"] = "byn", ["Bo"] = "bgl", ["Bo-Rukul"] = "mae", ["Bo-Ung"] = "mux", ["Boano (Maluku)"] = "bzn", ["Boano (Sulawesi)"] = "bzl", ["Bobongko"] = "bgb", ["Bobot"] = "bty", ["Bodo (Central Africa)"] = "boy", ["Bodo Gadaba"] = "gbj", ["Bodo Parja"] = "bdv", ["Bofi"] = "bff", ["Boga"] = "bvw", ["Bogaya"] = "boq", ["Boghom"] = "bux", ["Boguru"] = "bqu", ["Bohtan Neo-Aramaic"] = "bhn", ["Boikin"] = "bzf", ["Bokar"] = "sit-bok", ["Bokha"] = "ybk", ["Boko"] = "bqc", ["Bokobaru"] = "bus", ["Bokoto"] = "bdt", ["Bokyi"] = "bky", ["Bola"] = "bnp", ["Bolak"] = "art-blk", ["Bolango"] = "bld", ["Bolgo"] = "bvo", ["Bolia"] = "bli", ["Bolivian Sign Language"] = "bvl", ["Boloki"] = "bkt", ["Bolon"] = "bof", ["Bolondo"] = "bzm", ["Bolyu"] = "ply", ["Bom"] = "bmf", ["Boma Nkuu"] = "bnt-bon", ["Boma Yumu"] = "bnt-boy", ["Bomboli"] = "bml", ["Bomboma"] = "bws", ["Bomitaba"] = "zmx", ["Bomu"] = "bmq", ["Bomwali"] = "bmw", ["Bon Gula"] = "glc", ["Bonan"] = "peh", ["Bondei"] = "bou", ["Bondo"] = "bfw", ["Bondoukou Kulango"] = "kzc", ["Bondum Dom Dogon"] = "dbu", ["Bonerate"] = "bna", ["Bonggi"] = "bdg", ["Bonggo"] = "bpg", ["Bongili"] = "bui", ["Bongo"] = "bot", ["Bongu"] = "bpu", ["Bonjo"] = "bok", ["Bonkeng"] = "bvg", ["Bonkiman"] = "bop", ["Bookan"] = "bnb", ["Boon"] = "bnl", ["Boor"] = "bvf", ["Bora"] = "boa", ["Border Kuna"] = "kvn", ["Borei"] = "gai", ["Boro"] = "xxb", ["Borong"] = "ksr", ["Boruca"] = "brn", ["Borôro"] = "bor", ["Boselewa"] = "bwf", ["Bosngun"] = "bqs", ["Bote-Majhi"] = "bmj", ["Botlikh"] = "bph", ["Botolan Sambal"] = "sbl", ["Bouna Kulango"] = "nku", ["Bourguignon"] = "roa-brg", ["Bozaba"] = "bzo", ["Bragat"] = "aof", ["Brazilian Sign Language"] = "bzs", ["Brek Karen"] = "kvl", ["Brem"] = "buq", ["Breri"] = "brq", ["Bribri"] = "bzd", ["British Sign Language"] = "bfi", ["Brokkat"] = "bro", ["Brokpake"] = "sgt", ["Brokskat"] = "bkk", ["Broome Pearling Lugger Pidgin"] = "bpl", ["Brunei Bisaya"] = "bsb", ["Bruny Island"] = "xpz", ["Bu"] = "jid", ["Bu-Nao Bunu"] = "bwx", ["Bua"] = "bub", ["Bualkhaw Chin"] = "cbl", ["Buamu"] = "box", ["Bube"] = "bvb", ["Bubi"] = "buw", ["Bubia"] = "bbx", ["Budeh Stieng"] = "stt", ["Budibud"] = "btp", ["Budong-Budong"] = "bdx", ["Budu"] = "buu", ["Budukh"] = "bdk", ["Buduma"] = "bdm", ["Budza"] = "bja", ["Buena Vista Yokuts"] = "yok-bvy", ["Bugan"] = "bbh", ["Bughotu"] = "bgt", ["Buglere"] = "sab", ["Bugun"] = "bgg", ["Buhi'non Bikol"] = "ubl", ["Buhid"] = "bku", ["Buhutu"] = "bxh", ["Bujhyal"] = "byh", ["Bukar-Sadung Bidayuh"] = "sdo", ["Bukat"] = "bvk", ["Bukawa"] = "buk", ["Bukhari"] = "bhh", ["Bukit Malay"] = "bvu", ["Bukitan"] = "bkn", ["Bukiyip"] = "ape", ["Buksa"] = "tkb", ["Bukusu"] = "bxk", ["Bulgar"] = "xbo", ["Bulgarian Sign Language"] = "bqn", ["Bulgebi"] = "bmp", ["Buli (Ghana)"] = "bwu", ["Buli (Indonesia)"] = "bzq", ["Bulo Stieng"] = "sti", ["Bulu (Cameroon)"] = "bum", ["Bulu (New Guinea)"] = "bjl", ["Bulungan"] = "blj", ["Bum"] = "bmv", ["Bumaji"] = "byp", ["Bumang"] = "bvp", ["Bumbita Arapesh"] = "aon", ["Bumthangkha"] = "kjz", ["Bun"] = "buv", ["Buna"] = "bvn", ["Bunaba"] = "bck", ["Bunak"] = "bfn", ["Bunama"] = "bdd", ["Bundeli"] = "bns", ["Bung"] = "bqd", ["Bungain"] = "but", ["Bunganditj"] = "xbg", ["Bungku"] = "bkz", ["Bungu"] = "wun", ["Bunoge"] = "dgb", ["Bunun"] = "bnn", ["Buol"] = "blf", ["Bura"] = "bwr", ["Bura Mabang"] = "mde", ["Burak"] = "bys", ["Buraka"] = "bkg", ["Burarra"] = "bvr", ["Burate"] = "bti", ["Burduna"] = "bxn", ["Bure"] = "bvh", ["Burgundian"] = "gme-bur", ["Burji"] = "bji", ["Burmbar"] = "vrt", ["Burmeso"] = "bzu", ["Buru (Indonesia)"] = "mhs", ["Buru (Nigeria)"] = "bqw", ["Burui"] = "bry", ["Burumakok"] = "aip", ["Burun"] = "bdi", ["Burunge"] = "bds", ["Burushaski"] = "bsk", ["Burusu"] = "bqr", ["Buruwai"] = "asi", ["Busa"] = "bqp", ["Busam"] = "bxs", ["Busami"] = "bsm", ["Busang Kayan"] = "bfg", ["Bushoong"] = "buf", ["Buso"] = "bso", ["Busoa"] = "bup", ["Bussa"] = "dox", ["Busuu"] = "bju", ["Butbut Kalinga"] = "kyb", ["Butchulla"] = "xby", ["Butmas-Tur"] = "bnr", ["Butuanon"] = "btw", ["Buwal"] = "bhs", ["Buyeo"] = "xpy", ["Buyu"] = "byi", ["Buyuan Jino"] = "jiy", ["Bwa"] = "bww", ["Bwaidoka"] = "bwd", ["Bwala"] = "bnt-bwa", ["Bwanabwana"] = "tte", ["Bwatoo"] = "bwa", ["Bwe Karen"] = "bwe", ["Bwela"] = "bwl", ["Bwile"] = "bwc", ["Bwisi"] = "bwz", ["Byangsi"] = "bee", ["Byep"] = "mkk", ["Bädi Kanum"] = "khd", ["Caac"] = "msq", ["Cabiyarí"] = "cbb", ["Cabre"] = "awd-cab", ["Cabécar"] = "cjp", ["Cacaloxtepec Mixtec"] = "miu", ["Cacaopera"] = "ccr", ["Cacgia Roglai"] = "roc", ["Cacua"] = "cbv", ["Cacán"] = "sai-cac", ["Caddo"] = "cad", ["Cafundó"] = "ccd", ["Cahuarano"] = "cah", ["Cahuilla"] = "chl", ["Caijia"] = "sit-cai", ["Cajonos Zapotec"] = "zad", ["Caka"] = "ckx", ["Cakfem-Mushere"] = "cky", ["Calabrian Greek"] = "grk-cal", ["Calamian Tagbanwa"] = "tbk", ["Calusa"] = "nai-cal", ["Caluyanun"] = "clu", ["Caló"] = "rmq", ["Camarines Norte Agta"] = "abd", ["Cambodian Sign Language"] = "csx", ["Cameroon Mambila"] = "mcu", ["Cameroon Pidgin"] = "wes", ["Campalagian"] = "cml", ["Camsá"] = "kbh", ["Camtho"] = "cmt", ["Camunic"] = "xcc", ["Candoshi-Shapra"] = "cbu", ["Canela"] = "ram", ["Canichana"] = "caz", ["Cantabrian"] = "roa-can", ["Caolan"] = "mlc", ["Capanahua"] = "kaq", ["Capiznon"] = "cps", ["Cappadocian Greek"] = "cpg", ["Caquinte"] = "cot", ["Cara"] = "cfd", ["Carabayo"] = "cby", ["Caramanta"] = "crf", ["Caranqui"] = "sai-caq", ["Carapana"] = "cbc", ["Carian"] = "xcr", ["Cariay"] = "awd-kar", ["Carijona"] = "cbd", ["Carolina Algonquian"] = "crr", ["Carolinian"] = "cal", ["Carpathian Romani"] = "rmc", ["Carrier"] = "crx", ["Cashibo-Cacataibo"] = "cbr", ["Cashinahua"] = "cbs", ["Casiguran Dumagat Agta"] = "dgc", ["Casuarina Coast Asmat"] = "asc", ["Catacao"] = "sai-cat", ["Catalan Sign Language"] = "csc", ["Catawba"] = "chc", ["Catuquinaru"] = "sai-ctq", ["Catío Chibcha"] = "cba-cat", ["Cauca"] = "cca", ["Cavineña"] = "cav", ["Cayubaba"] = "cyb", ["Cayuga"] = "cay", ["Cayuse"] = "xcy", ["Cazcan"] = "azc-caz", ["Cañari"] = "sai-cnr", ["Cebaara Senoufo"] = "sef", ["Celtiberian"] = "xce", ["Cen"] = "cen", ["Central Asmat"] = "cns", ["Central Atlas Tamazight"] = "tzm", ["Central Awyu"] = "awu", ["Central Bai"] = "bca", ["Central Bontoc"] = "lbk", ["Central Cagayan Agta"] = "agt", ["ฟรังโกเนียตอนกลาง"] = "gmw-cfr", ["Central Grebo"] = "grv", ["Central Huasteca Nahuatl"] = "nch", ["Central Huishui Hmong"] = "hmc", ["Central Mahuatlán Zapotec"] = "zam", ["Central Mansi"] = "mns-cen", ["Central Masela"] = "mxz", ["Central Mashan Hmong"] = "hmm", ["Central Mazahua"] = "maz", ["Central Melanau"] = "mel", ["Central Ojibwa"] = "ojc", ["Central Pame"] = "pbs", ["Central Pomo"] = "poo", ["Central Puebla Nahuatl"] = "ncx", ["Central Siberian Yupik"] = "ess", ["Central Sierra Miwok"] = "csm", ["Central Subanen"] = "syb", ["Central Tagbanwa"] = "tgt", ["Central Tarahumara"] = "tar", ["Central Teke"] = "nzu", ["Central Tunebo"] = "tuf", ["Centúúm"] = "cet", ["Cerma"] = "cme", ["Ch'olti'"] = "myn-chl", ["Ch'orti'"] = "caa", ["Chaap Wuurong"] = "tjw", ["Chachi"] = "cbi", ["Chadian Arabic"] = "shu", ["Chadian Sign Language"] = "cds", ["Chadong"] = "cdy", ["Chaha"] = "sem-cha", ["Chaima"] = "ciy", ["Chairel"] = "sit-cha", ["Chak"] = "ckh", ["Chakali"] = "cli", ["Chala"] = "cll", ["Chaldean Neo-Aramaic"] = "cld", ["Chali"] = "tgf", ["Chamacoco"] = "ceg", ["Chamalal"] = "cji", ["Chamba Daka"] = "ccg", ["Chamba Leko"] = "ndi", ["Chambeali"] = "cdh", ["Chambri"] = "can", ["Chamicuro"] = "ccc", ["Chamling"] = "rab", ["Champenois"] = "roa-cha", ["Chang"] = "nbc", ["Changriwa"] = "cga", ["Changthang"] = "cna", ["Chantyal"] = "chx", ["Chaná"] = "sai-chn", ["Chané"] = "caj", ["Chapacura"] = "sai-chp", ["Chara"] = "cra", ["Charrua"] = "sai-chr", ["Chaudangsi"] = "cdn", ["Chaura"] = "crv", ["Chayahuita"] = "cbt", ["Chayuco Mixtec"] = "mih", ["Chazumba Mixtec"] = "xtb", ["Che"] = "ruk", ["Cheke Holo"] = "mrn", ["Chemakum"] = "xch", ["Chenapian"] = "cjn", ["Chenchu"] = "cde", ["Chenoua"] = "cnu", ["Chepang"] = "cdm", ["Chepya"] = "ycp", ["Cherepon"] = "cpn", ["Chesu"] = "ych", ["Chetco-Tolowa"] = "ctc", ["Chewong"] = "cwg", ["Chhattisgarhi"] = "hne", ["Chhintange"] = "ctn", ["Chhulung"] = "cur", ["Chiangmai Sign Language"] = "csd", ["Chiapanec"] = "cip", ["Chibcha"] = "chb", ["Chicahuaxtla Triqui"] = "trs", ["Chichicapan Zapotec"] = "zpv", ["Chichimeca-Jonaz"] = "pei", ["Chichonyi-Chidzihana-Chikauma"] = "coh", ["Chickasaw"] = "cic", ["Chicomuceltec"] = "cob", ["Chiduruma"] = "dug", ["Chigmecatitlán Mixtec"] = "mii", ["Chilcotin"] = "clc", ["Chilean Sign Language"] = "csg", ["Chilisso"] = "clh", ["Chiltepec Chinantec"] = "csa", ["Chimalapa Zoque"] = "zoh", ["Chimariko"] = "cid", ["Chimila"] = "cbg", ["Chimwiini"] = "bnt-cmw", ["Chinali"] = "cih", ["Chinbon Chin"] = "cnb", ["Chinese Pidgin English"] = "cpi", ["Chinese Sign Language"] = "csl", ["Chinook"] = "chh", ["Chinook Jargon"] = "chn", ["Chipaya"] = "cap", ["Chipewyan"] = "chp", ["Chiquihuitlán Mazatec"] = "maq", ["Chiquimulilla"] = "nai-chi", ["Chiquitano"] = "cax", ["Chiricahua"] = "apm", ["Chirino"] = "sai-chi", ["Chiripá"] = "nhd", ["Chiru"] = "cdf", ["Chitimacha"] = "ctm", ["Chitkuli Kinnauri"] = "cik", ["Chittagonian"] = "ctg", ["Chitwania Tharu"] = "the", ["Chiwere"] = "iow", ["Choapan Zapotec"] = "zpc", ["Chocangaca"] = "cgk", ["Chochotec"] = "coz", ["Choctaw"] = "cho", ["Chodri"] = "cdi", ["Chokri Naga"] = "nri", ["Chokwe"] = "cjk", ["Chol"] = "ctu", ["Cholón"] = "cht", ["Choni"] = "cda", ["Chono"] = "sai-cno", ["Chontal Maya"] = "chf", ["Chopi"] = "cce", ["Chothe Naga"] = "nct", ["Chrau"] = "crw", ["Chru"] = "cje", ["Chuabo"] = "chw", ["Chuanqiandian Cluster Miao"] = "cqd", ["Chuave"] = "cjv", ["Chug"] = "cvg", ["Chuj"] = "cac", ["Chuka"] = "cuh", ["Chukwa"] = "cuw", ["Chulym"] = "clw", ["Chumburung"] = "ncu", ["Churahi"] = "cdj", ["Church Slavonic"] = "zls-chs", ["Churuya"] = "sai-chu", ["Chut"] = "scb", ["Chuukese"] = "chk", ["Chuvan"] = "xcv", ["Chácobo"] = "cao", ["Ci Gbe"] = "cib", ["Cia-Cia"] = "cia", ["Cibak"] = "ckl", ["Cicipu"] = "awc", ["Ciguayo"] = "nai-cig", ["คิมบรี"] = "cim", ["Cinamiguin Manobo"] = "mkx", ["Cinda-Regi-Tiyal"] = "cdr", ["Cineni"] = "cie", ["Cinta Larga"] = "cin", ["Cishingini"] = "asg", ["Citak"] = "txt", ["Ciwogai"] = "tgd", ["แกลิกคลาสสิก"] = "ghc", ["Classical Mandaic"] = "myz", ["ซีรีแอกคลาสสิก"] = "syc", ["Coahuilteco"] = "xcw", ["Coast Miwok"] = "csi", ["Coastal Konjo"] = "kjc", ["Coatecas Altas Zapotec"] = "zca", ["Coatepec Nahuatl"] = "naz", ["Coatlán Mixe"] = "mco", ["Coatlán Zapotec"] = "zps", ["Coatzospan Mixtec"] = "miz", ["Cocama"] = "cod", ["Cochimi"] = "coj", ["Cocopa"] = "coc", ["Cocos Islands Malay"] = "coa", ["Coeruna"] = "sai-coe", ["Coeur d'Alene"] = "crd", ["Cofán"] = "con", ["Cogui"] = "kog", ["Col"] = "liw", ["Colombian Sign Language"] = "csn", ["Colonia Tovar German"] = "gct", ["Columbia-Wenatchi"] = "col", ["Colán"] = "sai-col", ["Comaltepec Chinantec"] = "cco", ["Comanche"] = "com", ["Comechingon"] = "sai-cmg", ["Comecrudo"] = "xcm", ["Communicationssprache"] = "art-com", ["Como Karim"] = "cfg", ["Comox"] = "coo", ["Con"] = "cno", ["Coos"] = "csz", ["Copainalá Zoque"] = "zoc", ["Copala Triqui"] = "trc", ["Copallén"] = "sai-cop", ["Coquille"] = "coq", ["Cora"] = "crn", ["Cori"] = "cry", ["Coroado Puri"] = "sai-crd", ["Cosoleacaque Nahuatl"] = "nhk", ["Costa Rican Sign Language"] = "csr", ["Cotabato Manobo"] = "mta", ["Cotoname"] = "xcn", ["Cowlitz"] = "cow", ["Coyaima"] = "coy", ["Coyotepec Popoloca"] = "pbf", ["Coyutla Totonac"] = "toc", ["Creek"] = "mus", ["Croatian Sign Language"] = "csq", ["Cross River Mbembe"] = "mfn", ["Crow"] = "cro", ["Cruzeño"] = "crz", ["Cua"] = "cua", ["Cuban Sign Language"] = "csf", ["Cubeo"] = "cub", ["Cueva"] = "sai-cva", ["Cuiba"] = "cui", ["Cuitlatec"] = "cuy", ["Culina"] = "cul", ["Culli"] = "sai-cul", ["Cumanagoto"] = "cuo", ["Cumbric"] = "xcb", ["Cung"] = "cug", ["Cupeño"] = "cup", ["Curonian"] = "xcu", ["Curripaco"] = "kpc", ["Cutchi-Swahili"] = "ccl", ["Cuvok"] = "cuv", ["Cuyamecalco Mixtec"] = "xtu", ["Cuyunon"] = "cyo", ["Cwi Bwamu"] = "bwy", ["Czech Sign Language"] = "cse", ["Cèmuhî"] = "cam", ["Cốông"] = "cnc", ["Da'a Kaili"] = "kzf", ["Daai Chin"] = "dao", ["Daakaka"] = "bpa", ["Daantanai'"] = "lni", ["Daasanach"] = "dsh", ["Daba"] = "dbq", ["Dabarre"] = "dbr", ["Dabe"] = "dbe", ["Dacian"] = "xdc", ["Dadanitic"] = "sem-dad", ["Dadi Dadi"] = "dda", ["Dadibi"] = "mps", ["Dadiya"] = "dbd", ["Daga"] = "dgz", ["Dagaari Dioula"] = "dgd", ["Dagba"] = "dgk", ["Dagbani"] = "dag", ["Dagik"] = "dec", ["Dagoman"] = "dgn", ["Dahalik"] = "dlk", ["Dahalo"] = "dal", ["Daho-Doo"] = "das", ["Dai"] = "dij", ["Dair"] = "drb", ["Dairi Batak"] = "btd", ["Dakka"] = "dkk", ["Dakpa"] = "dka", ["Daloa Bété"] = "bev", ["Dama (Nigeria)"] = "dmm", ["Dama (Sierra Leone)"] = "dmn-dam", ["Damakawa"] = "dam", ["Damal"] = "uhn", ["Dambi"] = "dac", ["Dameli"] = "dml", ["Dampelas"] = "dms", ["Dan"] = "dnj", ["Danaru"] = "dnr", ["Danau"] = "dnu", ["Dandami Maria"] = "daq", ["Dangaléat"] = "daa", ["Dangaura Tharu"] = "thl", ["Danish Sign Language"] = "dsl", ["Dano"] = "aso", ["Danu"] = "dnv", ["Danuwar"] = "dhw", ["Dao"] = "daz", ["Daonda"] = "dnd", ["Dar Daju Daju"] = "djc", ["Dar Fur Daju"] = "daj", ["Dar Sila Daju"] = "dau", ["Darai"] = "dry", ["Dargwa"] = "dar", ["Darkinjung"] = "xda", ["Darlong"] = "dln", ["Darmiya"] = "drd", ["Daro-Matu Melanau"] = "dro", ["Darumbal"] = "xgm", ["Dass"] = "dot", ["Datian Min"] = "nan-dat", ["Datooga"] = "tcc", ["Daungwurrung"] = "dgw", ["Daur"] = "dta", ["Davawenyo"] = "daw", ["Dawawa"] = "dww", ["Dawera-Daweloor"] = "ddw", ["Day"] = "dai", ["Dayi"] = "dax", ["Dazaga"] = "dzg", ["Deccani"] = "dcc", ["Dedua"] = "ded", ["Defaka"] = "afn", ["Defi Gbe"] = "gbh", ["Deg"] = "mzw", ["Deg Xinag"] = "ing", ["Degema"] = "deg", ["Degenan"] = "dge", ["Dehwari"] = "deh", ["Dela-Oenale"] = "row", ["Delo"] = "ntr", ["Delta Yokuts"] = "yok-dly", ["Dem"] = "dem", ["Dema"] = "dmx", ["Demisa"] = "dei", ["Demotic Egyptian"] = "egx-dem", ["Demta"] = "dmy", ["Dena'ina"] = "tfn", ["Dendi"] = "ddn", ["Dengese"] = "dez", ["Dengka"] = "dnk", ["Deno"] = "dbb", ["Denya"] = "anv", ["Dení"] = "dny", ["Deori"] = "der", ["Desano"] = "des", ["Desiya"] = "dso", ["Dewas Rai"] = "dwz", ["Dewoin"] = "dee", ["Dezfuli"] = "def", ["Dghwede"] = "dgh", ["Dhaiso"] = "dhs", ["Dhalandji"] = "dhl", ["Dhangu"] = "dhg", ["Dhanki"] = "dhn", ["Dhao"] = "nfa", ["Dharug"] = "xdk", ["Dhatki"] = "mki", ["Dhimal"] = "dhi", ["Dhodia"] = "dho", ["Dhofari Arabic"] = "adf", ["Dhudhuroa"] = "ddr", ["Dhundhari"] = "dhd", ["Dhungaloo"] = "dhx", ["Dhurga"] = "dhu", ["Dhuwal"] = "dwu", ["Dhuwaya"] = "dwy", ["Dia"] = "dia", ["Dibabawon Manobo"] = "mbd", ["Dibiyaso"] = "dby", ["Dibo"] = "dio", ["Dicamay Agta"] = "duy", ["Didinga"] = "did", ["Dieri"] = "dif", ["Digo"] = "dig", ["Dii"] = "dur", ["Dijim-Bwilim"] = "cfa", ["Dilling"] = "dil", ["Dima"] = "jma", ["Dimasa"] = "dis", ["Dimbong"] = "dii", ["Dime"] = "dim", ["Dinapigue Agta"] = "phi-din", ["Dineor"] = "mrx", ["Ding"] = "diz", ["Dinka"] = "din", ["Diodio"] = "ddi", ["Dirasha"] = "gdl", ["Diri"] = "dwa", ["Dirim"] = "dir", ["Disa"] = "dsi", ["Ditammari"] = "tbz", ["Ditidaht"] = "dtd", ["Diuwe"] = "diy", ["Diuxi-Tilantongo Mixtec"] = "xtd", ["Dixon Reef"] = "dix", ["Dizin"] = "mdx", ["Djadjawurrung"] = "dja", ["Djambarrpuyngu"] = "djr", ["Djangun"] = "djf", ["Djauan"] = "djn", ["Djawi"] = "djw", ["Djimini"] = "dyi", ["Djinang"] = "dji", ["Djinba"] = "djb", ["Djiwarli"] = "djl", ["Dobel"] = "kvo", ["Dobu"] = "dob", ["Doe"] = "doe", ["Doga"] = "dgg", ["Doghoro"] = "dgx", ["Dogoso"] = "dgs", ["Dogosé"] = "dos", ["Dogri"] = "doi", ["Dogrib"] = "dgr", ["Dogul Dom"] = "dbg", ["Doka"] = "dbi", ["Doko-Uyanga"] = "uya", ["Dolgan"] = "dlg", ["Dom"] = "doa", ["Domaaki"] = "dmk", ["Domari"] = "rmt", ["Dominican Sign Language"] = "doq", ["Dompo"] = "doy", ["Domu"] = "dof", ["Domung"] = "dev", ["Dondo"] = "dok", ["Dong"] = "doh", ["Dongo"] = "doo", ["Dongolawi"] = "kzh", ["Dongotono"] = "ddd", ["Dongshanba Lalo"] = "yik", ["Donno So Dogon"] = "dds", ["Doondo"] = "dde", ["Dorasque"] = "cba-dor", ["Dori'o"] = "dor", ["Dorig"] = "wwo", ["Doromu-Koki"] = "kqc", ["Dorze"] = "doz", ["Doso"] = "dol", ["Doteli"] = "dty", ["Dothraki"] = "art-dtk", ["Doura"] = "don", ["Doutai"] = "tds", ["Doyayo"] = "dow", ["Drehu"] = "dhv", ["Drung"] = "duu", ["Duala"] = "dua", ["Duano"] = "dup", ["Duau"] = "dva", ["Dubli"] = "dub", ["Dubu"] = "dmu", ["Dugun"] = "ndu", ["Duguri"] = "dbm", ["Dugwor"] = "dme", ["Duhwa"] = "kbz", ["Duit"] = "cba-dui", ["Duke"] = "nke", ["Dukhan"] = "trk-dkh", ["Dulbu"] = "dbo", ["Duli"] = "duz", ["Duma"] = "dma", ["Dumaitic"] = "sem-dum", ["Dumbea"] = "duf", ["Dumi"] = "dus", ["Dumpas"] = "dmv", ["Dumun"] = "dui", ["Duna"] = "duc", ["Dungmali"] = "raa", ["Dungra Bhil"] = "duh", ["Dungu"] = "dbv", ["Dupaningan Agta"] = "duo", ["Dura"] = "drq", ["Duri"] = "mvp", ["Duriankere"] = "dbn", ["Duruwa"] = "pci", ["Dusner"] = "dsn", ["Dusun Deyah"] = "dun", ["Dusun Malang"] = "duq", ["Dusun Witu"] = "duw", ["Dutch Low Saxon"] = "nds-nl", ["Dutch Sign Language"] = "dse", ["Duun"] = "dux", ["Duupa"] = "dae", ["Duvle"] = "duv", ["Duwai"] = "dbp", ["Duwet"] = "gve", ["Dwang"] = "nnu", ["Dyaabugay"] = "dyy", ["Dyaberdyaber"] = "dyb", ["Dyan"] = "dya", ["Dyangadi"] = "dyn", ["Dyirbal"] = "dbl", ["Dyugun"] = "dyd", ["Dyula"] = "dyu", ["Dza"] = "jen", ["Dzala"] = "dzl", ["Dzando"] = "dzn", ["Dzao Min"] = "bpn", ["Dzodinka"] = "add", ["Dzuun"] = "dnn", ["Dâw"] = "kwa", ["E"] = "eee", ["E'ma Buyang"] = "yzg", ["Early Old Oghuz"] = "trk-eog", ["Early Tripuri"] = "xtr", ["East Damar"] = "dmr", ["ฟรังโกเนียตะวันออก"] = "vmf", ["East Futuna"] = "fud", ["East Kewa"] = "kjs", ["East Limba"] = "lma", ["East Masela"] = "vme", ["East Nyala"] = "nle", ["East Tarangan"] = "tre", ["East Yugur"] = "yuy", ["Eastern Acipa"] = "acp", ["Eastern Arrernte"] = "aer", ["Eastern Bolivian Guarani"] = "gui", ["Eastern Bontoc"] = "ebk", ["Eastern Canadian Inuktitut"] = "ike", ["Eastern Durango Nahuatl"] = "azd", ["Eastern Gorkha Tamang"] = "tge", ["Eastern Gurung"] = "ggn", ["Eastern Highland Chatino"] = "cly", ["Eastern Highland Otomi"] = "otm", ["Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl"] = "nhe", ["Eastern Huishui Hmong"] = "hme", ["Eastern Karaboro"] = "xrb", ["Eastern Keres"] = "kee", ["Eastern Khanty"] = "kca-eas", ["Eastern Krahn"] = "kqo", ["Eastern Lalu"] = "yit", ["Eastern Magar"] = "mgp", ["Eastern Maninkakan"] = "emk", ["Eastern Mari"] = "mhr", ["Eastern Meohang"] = "emg", ["Eastern Mnong"] = "mng", ["Eastern Muria"] = "emu", ["Eastern Ngad'a"] = "nea", ["Eastern Nisu"] = "nos", ["Eastern Ojibwa"] = "ojg", ["Eastern Parbate Kham"] = "kif", ["Eastern Penan"] = "pez", ["Eastern Pomo"] = "peb", ["Eastern Qiandong Miao"] = "hmq", ["Eastern Subanun"] = "sfe", ["Eastern Tamang"] = "taj", ["Eastern Tawbuid"] = "bnj", ["Eastern Xiangxi Miao"] = "muq", ["Eastern Xwla Gbe"] = "gbx", ["Ebira"] = "igb", ["Eblaite"] = "xeb", ["Ebrié"] = "ebr", ["Ebughu"] = "ebg", ["Ecuadorian Sign Language"] = "ecs", ["Ede Cabe"] = "cbj", ["Ede Ica"] = "ica", ["Ede Idaca"] = "idd", ["Ede Ije"] = "ijj", ["Ede Nago"] = "nqg", ["Edera Awyu"] = "awy", ["Edo"] = "bin", ["Edolo"] = "etr", ["Edopi"] = "dbf", ["Efai"] = "efa", ["Efe"] = "efe", ["Efik"] = "efi", ["Efutop"] = "ofu", ["Ega"] = "ega", ["Eggon"] = "ego", ["Egyptian Sign Language"] = "esl", ["Ehueun"] = "ehu", ["Eipomek"] = "eip", ["Eitiep"] = "eit", ["Ejagham"] = "etu", ["Ejamat"] = "eja", ["Ekajuk"] = "eka", ["Ekari"] = "ekg", ["Ekele"] = "khy", ["Eki"] = "eki", ["Ekit"] = "eke", ["Ekpeye"] = "ekp", ["El Alto Zapotec"] = "zpp", ["El Hugeirat"] = "elh", ["El Molo"] = "elo", ["Elamite"] = "elx", ["Eleme"] = "elm", ["Elepi"] = "ele", ["Elip"] = "ekm", ["Elkei"] = "elk", ["Eloi"] = "art-elo", ["Elotepec Zapotec"] = "zte", ["Eloyi"] = "afo", ["Elseng"] = "mrf", ["Elu"] = "elu", ["Elymian"] = "xly", ["Emae"] = "mmw", ["Emai"] = "ema", ["Eman"] = "emn", ["Embaloh"] = "emb", ["Emberá-Baudó"] = "bdc", ["Emberá-Catío"] = "cto", ["Emberá-Chamí"] = "cmi", ["Emberá-Tadó"] = "tdc", ["Embu"] = "ebu", ["Emem"] = "enr", ["Emerillon"] = "eme", ["Emplawas"] = "emw", ["En"] = "enc", ["Enawené-Nawé"] = "unk", ["Ende"] = "end", ["Enga"] = "enq", ["Engenni"] = "enn", ["Enggano"] = "eno", ["Enlhet"] = "enl", ["Enrekang"] = "ptt", ["Enu"] = "enu", ["Enwan"] = "env", ["Enwang"] = "enw", ["Enxet"] = "enx", ["Enya"] = "gey", ["Eotile"] = "eot", ["Epena"] = "sja", ["Epi-Olmec"] = "xep", ["Epie"] = "epi", ["Epigraphic Mayan"] = "emy", ["Eravallan"] = "era", ["Erave"] = "kjy", ["Ere"] = "twp", ["Erie"] = "iro-ere", ["Eritai"] = "ert", ["Erokwanas"] = "erw", ["Erre"] = "err", ["Erromintxela"] = "emx", ["Ersu"] = "ers", ["Eruwa"] = "erh", ["Esan"] = "ish", ["Ese"] = "mcq", ["Ese Ejja"] = "ese", ["Esimbi"] = "ags", ["Eskayan"] = "esy", ["Esmeralda"] = "sai-esm", ["Esselen"] = "esq", ["Estado de México Otomi"] = "ots", ["Estonian Sign Language"] = "eso", ["Esuma"] = "esm", ["Etchemin"] = "etc", ["Etebi"] = "etb", ["Eten"] = "etx", ["Eteocretan"] = "ecr", ["Eteocypriot"] = "ecy", ["Ethiopian Sign Language"] = "eth", ["Etkywan"] = "ich", ["Eton (Cameroon)"] = "eto", ["Eton (Vanuatu)"] = "etn", ["Etulo"] = "utr", ["Evant"] = "bzz", ["Ewage-Notu"] = "nou", ["Ewarhuyana"] = "sai-ewa", ["Ewondo"] = "ewo", ["Eyak"] = "eya", ["Ezaa"] = "eza", ["Fagani"] = "faf", ["Faire Atta"] = "azt", ["Faita"] = "faj", ["Faiwol"] = "fai", ["Fakkanci"] = "gel", ["Falam Chin"] = "cfm", ["Fali"] = "fli", ["Fam"] = "fam", ["Fanagalo"] = "fng", ["Fanamaket"] = "bjp", ["Fang (Bantu)"] = "fan", ["Fang (Beboid)"] = "fak", ["Fania"] = "fni", ["Far Western Muria"] = "fmu", ["ฟราฟรา"] = "gur", ["Fas"] = "fqs", ["Fasu"] = "faa", ["Fataleka"] = "far", ["Fataluku"] = "ddg", ["Fayu"] = "fau", ["Fe'fe'"] = "fmp", ["Fedan"] = "pdn", ["Fembe"] = "agl", ["Fer"] = "kah", ["Feroge"] = "fer", ["Filomena Mata-Coahuitlán Totonac"] = "tlp", ["Fingallian"] = "gmw-fin", ["Finisterre Yau"] = "yuw", ["Finnish Sign Language"] = "fse", ["Finnish-Swedish Sign Language"] = "fss", ["Finongan"] = "fag", ["Fipa"] = "fip", ["Firan"] = "fir", ["Fiwaga"] = "fiw", ["Flemish Sign Language"] = "vgt", ["Flinders Island"] = "fln", ["Foau"] = "flh", ["Fogaha"] = "ber-fog", ["Foi"] = "foi", ["Foia Foia"] = "ffi", ["Folopa"] = "ppo", ["Foma"] = "fom", ["Fon"] = "fon", ["Fongoro"] = "fgr", ["Foodo"] = "fod", ["Forak"] = "frq", ["Fordata"] = "frd", ["Fore"] = "for", ["Forest Enets"] = "enf", ["Forest Nenets"] = "yrk-for", ["Fortsenal"] = "frt", ["Fox"] = "sac", ["Franc-Comtois"] = "roa-fcm", ["Francisco León Zoque"] = "zos", ["French Belgian Sign Language"] = "sfb", ["French Sign Language"] = "fsl", ["Fuliiru"] = "flr", ["Fulniô"] = "fun", ["Fum"] = "fum", ["Fungwa"] = "ula", ["Fur"] = "fvr", ["Furu"] = "fuu", ["Futuna-Aniwa"] = "fut", ["Fuyug"] = "fuy", ["Fwe"] = "fwe", ["Fwâi"] = "fwa", ["Fyam"] = "pym", ["Fyer"] = "fie", ["Ga"] = "gaa", ["Ga'anda"] = "gqa", ["Ga'dang"] = "gdg", ["Gaa"] = "ttb", ["Gaam"] = "tbi", ["Gabadi"] = "kbt", ["Gabi"] = "gbw", ["Gabri"] = "gab", ["Gabrielino-Fernandeño"] = "xgf", ["Gadang"] = "gdk", ["Gaddang"] = "gad", ["Gaddi"] = "gbk", ["Gade"] = "ged", ["Gadjerawang"] = "gdh", ["Gadsup"] = "gaj", ["Gafat"] = "gft", ["Gagadu"] = "gbu", ["Gagnoa Bété"] = "btg", ["Gahri"] = "bfu", ["Gaikundi"] = "gbf", ["Gaina"] = "gcn", ["Gal"] = "gap", ["Galambu"] = "glo", ["Galatian"] = "xga", ["Galela"] = "gbi", ["Galeya"] = "gar", ["Galice"] = "gce", ["Galindian"] = "xgl", ["Gallaecian"] = "cel-gal", ["Gallo"] = "roa-gal", ["Gallo-Italic of Basilicata"] = "roa-gib", ["Gallo-Italic of Sicily"] = "roa-gis", ["Gallurese"] = "sdn", ["Galo"] = "adl", ["Galoli"] = "gal", ["Gamale Kham"] = "kgj", ["Gambera"] = "gma", ["Gamela"] = "sai-gam", ["Gamilaraay"] = "kld", ["Gamit"] = "gbl", ["Gamkonora"] = "gak", ["Gamo-Ningi"] = "bte", ["Gana"] = "gnq", ["Ganang"] = "gne", ["Gane"] = "gzn", ["Ganggalida"] = "gcd", ["Ganglau"] = "ggl", ["Gangte"] = "gnb", ["Gangulu"] = "gnl", ["Gants"] = "gao", ["Ganza"] = "gza", ["Ganzi"] = "gnz", ["Gao"] = "gga", ["Gapapaiwa"] = "pwg", ["Garawa"] = "wrk", ["Garhwali"] = "gbm", ["Garifuna"] = "cab", ["Garingbal"] = "xgi", ["Garre"] = "gex", ["Garus"] = "gyb", ["Garza"] = "xgr", ["Gashowu Yokuts"] = "yok-gsy", ["Gata'"] = "gaq", ["Gavak"] = "dmc", ["Gavar"] = "gou", ["Gavião do Jiparaná"] = "gvo", ["Gawar-Bati"] = "gwt", ["Gawwada"] = "gwd", ["Gaya"] = "zra", ["Gayil"] = "gyl", ["Gayo"] = "gay", ["Gayón"] = "sai-gay", ["Gbagyi"] = "gbr", ["Gban"] = "ggu", ["Gbanu"] = "gbv", ["Gbanziri"] = "gbg", ["Gbari"] = "gby", ["Gbaya-Bossangoa"] = "gbp", ["Gbaya-Bozoum"] = "gbq", ["Gbaya-Mbodomo"] = "gmm", ["Gbayi"] = "gyg", ["Gbesi Gbe"] = "gbs", ["Gbii"] = "ggb", ["Gbin"] = "xgb", ["Gbiri-Niragu"] = "grh", ["Gboloo Grebo"] = "gec", ["Gciriku"] = "diu", ["Gcwi"] = "gwj", ["Ge"] = "hmj", ["Geba Karen"] = "kvq", ["Gebe"] = "gei", ["Gedaged"] = "gdd", ["Gedeo"] = "drs", ["Geji"] = "gji", ["Geko Karen"] = "ghk", ["Gela"] = "nlg", ["Gele'"] = "sbc", ["Geme"] = "geq", ["Gen"] = "gej", ["Gende"] = "gaf", ["Gengle"] = "geg", ["Gepo"] = "ygp", ["Gera"] = "gew", ["Gerka"] = "gek", ["German Sign Language"] = "gsg", ["Geruma"] = "gea", ["Geser-Gorom"] = "ges", ["Geshiza"] = "ero-gsz", ["Gey"] = "guv", ["Ghadames"] = "gha", ["Ghanaian Sign Language"] = "gse", ["Ghandruk Sign Language"] = "gds", ["Ghanongga"] = "ghn", ["Ghari"] = "gri", ["Ghayavi"] = "bmk", ["Ghera"] = "ghr", ["Ghomala'"] = "bbj", ["Ghomara"] = "gho", ["Ghotuo"] = "aaa", ["Ghulfan"] = "ghl", ["Giangan"] = "bgi", ["Gibanawa"] = "gib", ["Gidar"] = "gid", ["Gikyode"] = "acd", ["Gilaki"] = "glk", ["Gilima"] = "gix", ["Gimi (Austronesian)"] = "gip", ["Gimi (Papuan)"] = "gim", ["Gimme"] = "kmp", ["Gimnime"] = "gmn", ["Ginuman"] = "gnm", ["Girawa"] = "bbr", ["Girirra"] = "gii", ["Giryama"] = "nyf", ["Githabul"] = "gih", ["Gitua"] = "ggt", ["Gitxsan"] = "git", ["Giyug"] = "giy", ["Gizrra"] = "tof", ["Glaro-Twabo"] = "glr", ["Glavda"] = "glw", ["Glio-Oubi"] = "oub", ["Glosa"] = "igs", ["Gnau"] = "gnu", ["Goa'uld"] = "art-gld", ["Goaria"] = "gig", ["Gobasi"] = "goi", ["Gobu"] = "gox", ["Godié"] = "god", ["Godoberi"] = "gdo", ["Godwari"] = "gdx", ["Goemai"] = "ank", ["Gogo"] = "gog", ["Gogodala"] = "ggw", ["Goguryeo"] = "zkg", ["Gojri"] = "gju", ["Gokana"] = "gkn", ["Gokhy"] = "tbq-gkh", ["Gola"] = "gol", ["Golin"] = "gvf", ["Golpa"] = "lja", ["Gone Dau"] = "goo", ["Gongduk"] = "goe", ["Gonja"] = "gjn", ["Goo"] = "gov", ["Gor"] = "gqr", ["Gorakor"] = "goc", ["Gorap"] = "goq", ["Goreng"] = "xgg", ["Gorontalo"] = "gor", ["Gorovu"] = "grq", ["Gorwaa"] = "gow", ["Gottscheerish"] = "gmw-gts", ["Goundo"] = "goy", ["Gourmanchéma"] = "gux", ["Gowlan"] = "goj", ["Gowro"] = "gwf", ["Gozarkhani"] = "goz", ["Grangali"] = "nli", ["Grass Koiari"] = "kbk", ["Greek Sign Language"] = "gss", ["Green Gelao"] = "giq", ["Grenadian Creole English"] = "gcl", ["Gresi"] = "grs", ["Groma"] = "gro", ["Gros Ventre"] = "ats", ["Gua"] = "gwx", ["Guachí"] = "sai-gua", ["Guahibo"] = "guh", ["Guajajára"] = "gub", ["Guajá"] = "gvj", ["Guambiano"] = "gum", ["Guamo"] = "sai-gmo", ["Guanano"] = "gvc", ["Guanche"] = "gnc", ["Guarayu"] = "gyr", ["Guatemalan Sign Language"] = "gsm", ["Guató"] = "gta", ["Guayabero"] = "guo", ["Guazacapán"] = "nai-guz", ["Gudang"] = "xgd", ["Gudanji"] = "nji", ["Gude"] = "gde", ["Gudu"] = "gdu", ["Guduf-Gava"] = "gdf", ["Guerrero Amuzgo"] = "amu", ["Guerrero Nahuatl"] = "ngu", ["Guevea de Humboldt Zapotec"] = "zpg", ["Gugadj"] = "ggd", ["Gugu Badhun"] = "gdc", ["Gugu Warra"] = "wrw", ["Guhu-Samane"] = "ghs", ["Guianese Creole"] = "gcr", ["Guiberoua Bété"] = "bet", ["Guinau"] = "awd-gnu", ["Guinea Kpelle"] = "gkp", ["Guinea-Bissau Sign Language"] = "lgs", ["Guinean Sign Language"] = "gus", ["Guiqiong"] = "gqi", ["Gula"] = "glu", ["Gula'alaa"] = "gmb", ["Gulay"] = "gvl", ["Gule"] = "gly", ["Gulf Arabic"] = "afb", ["Gullah"] = "gul", ["Gumalu"] = "gmu", ["Gumatj"] = "gnn", ["Gumawana"] = "gvs", ["Gumuz"] = "guk", ["Gun"] = "guw", ["Gundi"] = "gdi", ["Gunditjmara"] = "gjm", ["Gundungurra"] = "xrd", ["Gungabula"] = "gyf", ["Gungu"] = "rub", ["Guntai"] = "gnt", ["Gunu"] = "yas", ["Gunwinggu"] = "gup", ["Gunya"] = "gyy", ["Gupa-Abawa"] = "gpa", ["Gupapuyngu"] = "guf", ["Gur Lama"] = "las", ["Guragone"] = "gge", ["Guramalum"] = "grz", ["Gurani"] = "hac", ["Gureng Gureng"] = "gnr", ["Gurgula"] = "ggg", ["Guriaso"] = "grx", ["Gurindji"] = "gue", ["Gurindji Kriol"] = "gjr", ["Gurmana"] = "gvm", ["Guro"] = "goa", ["Guruntum"] = "grd", ["Gusan"] = "gsn", ["Gusii"] = "guz", ["Gusilay"] = "gsl", ["Gutnish"] = "gmq-gut", ["Guugu Yimidhirr"] = "kky", ["Guwa"] = "xgw", ["Guwamu"] = "gwu", ["Guwar"] = "aus-guw", ["Guya"] = "gka", ["Guyanese Creole English"] = "gyn", ["Guyani"] = "gvy", ["Guébie"] = "gie", ["Gvoko"] = "ngs", ["Gwa"] = "gwb", ["Gwahatike"] = "dah", ["Gwak"] = "jgk", ["Gwamhi-Wuri"] = "bga", ["Gwandara"] = "gwn", ["Gwara"] = "alv-gwa", ["Gweda"] = "grw", ["Gweno"] = "gwe", ["Gwere"] = "gwr", ["Gwich'in"] = "gwi", ["Gyalsumdo"] = "gyo", ["Gyele"] = "gyi", ["Gyem"] = "gye", ["Güenoa"] = "sai-gue", ["Habu"] = "hbu", ["Hachijō"] = "jpx-hcj", ["Hadiyya"] = "hdy", ["Hadoti"] = "hoj", ["Hadrami"] = "xhd", ["Hadza"] = "hts", ["Haeke"] = "aek", ["Hahon"] = "hah", ["Haida"] = "hai", ["Haigwai"] = "hgw", ["Hailufeng Min"] = "nan-hlh", ["Hainyaxo Bozo"] = "bzx", ["Haiphong Sign Language"] = "haf", ["Haisla"] = "has", ["Haitian Vodoun Culture Language"] = "hvc", ["Haiǁom"] = "hgm", ["Haji"] = "hji", ["Hakö"] = "hao", ["Halang"] = "hal", ["Halang Doan"] = "hld", ["Halbi"] = "hlb", ["Halia"] = "hla", ["Halkomelem"] = "hur", ["Hamap"] = "hmu", ["Hamba"] = "hba", ["Hamer-Banna"] = "amf", ["Hamtai"] = "hmt", ["Hanga"] = "hag", ["Hanga Hundi"] = "wos", ["Hani"] = "hni", ["Hanoi Sign Language"] = "hab", ["Harami"] = "xha", ["Harappan"] = "xiv", ["Harari"] = "har", ["Haraza"] = "nub-har", ["Harijan Kinnauri"] = "kjo", ["Haroi"] = "hro", ["Harsusi"] = "hss", ["Haruai"] = "tmd", ["Haruku"] = "hrk", ["หริยาณวี"] = "bgc", ["Harzani"] = "hrz", ["Hasaitic"] = "sem-has", ["Hasha"] = "ybj", ["Hassaniya Arabic"] = "mey", ["Hatam"] = "had", ["Hattic"] = "xht", ["Hausa Sign Language"] = "hsl", ["Haush"] = "sai-hau", ["Havasupai-Walapai-Yavapai"] = "yuf", ["Haveke"] = "hvk", ["Havu"] = "hav", ["Hawai'i Pidgin Sign Language"] = "hps", ["Hawaiian Creole"] = "hwc", ["Haya"] = "hay", ["Hdi"] = "xed", ["Hehe"] = "heh", ["Heiban"] = "hbn", ["Heiltsuk"] = "hei", ["Helong"] = "heg", ["Hema"] = "nix", ["Hemba"] = "hem", ["Herdé"] = "hed", ["Hermit"] = "llf", ["Hernican"] = "xhr", ["Hewa"] = "ham", ["Heyo"] = "auk", ["Hibito"] = "hib", ["Hidatsa"] = "hid", ["Higaonon"] = "mba", ["High Valyrian"] = "art-vlh", ["Highland Konjo"] = "kjk", ["Highland Oaxaca Chontal"] = "chd", ["Highland Popoluca"] = "poi", ["Highland Puebla Nahuatl"] = "azz", ["Highland Totonac"] = "tos", ["Hijuk"] = "hij", ["Hill Maria"] = "mrr", ["Himarimã"] = "hir", ["Hindi Dogri"] = "dgo", ["Hinduri"] = "hii", ["Hinukh"] = "gin", ["Hismaic"] = "sem-his", ["Hitchiti"] = "nai-hit", ["Hittite"] = "hit", ["Hitu"] = "htu", ["Hiw"] = "hiw", ["Hixkaryana"] = "hix", ["Hlepho Phowa"] = "yhl", ["Hlersu"] = "hle", ["Hmar"] = "hmr", ["Hmong Don"] = "hmf", ["Hmong Dô"] = "hmv", ["Hmong Shua"] = "hmz", ["Hmwaveke"] = "mrk", ["Ho"] = "hoc", ["Ho Chi Minh City Sign Language"] = "hos", ["Hoava"] = "hoa", ["Hobyót"] = "hoh", ["Hoia Hoia"] = "hhi", ["Holikachuk"] = "hoi", ["Holiya"] = "hoy", ["Holma"] = "hod", ["Holoholo"] = "hoo", ["Holu"] = "hol", ["Homa"] = "hom", ["Honduran Lenca"] = "len", ["Honduras Sign Language"] = "hds", ["Hone"] = "juh", ["Hong Kong Sign Language"] = "hks", ["Honi"] = "how", ["Hopi"] = "hop", ["Horned Miao"] = "hrm", ["Horo"] = "hor", ["Horom"] = "hoe", ["Hote"] = "hot", ["Hoti"] = "hti", ["Hovongan"] = "hov", ["Hoyahoya"] = "hhy", ["Hozo"] = "hoz", ["Hpon"] = "hpo", ["Hrangkhol"] = "hra", ["Hruso"] = "hru", ["Hrê"] = "hre", ["Hu"] = "huo", ["Huachipaeri"] = "hug", ["Huambisa"] = "hub", ["Huaorani"] = "auc", ["Huarijio"] = "var", ["Huaulu"] = "hud", ["Huautla Mazatec"] = "mau", ["Huave"] = "huv", ["Huaxcaleca Nahuatl"] = "nhq", ["Huba"] = "hbb", ["Huehuetla Tepehua"] = "tee", ["Huetar"] = "cba-hue", ["Huichol"] = "hch", ["Huilliche"] = "huh", ["Huitepec Mixtec"] = "mxs", ["Huizhou"] = "czh", ["Hukumina"] = "huw", ["Hula"] = "hul", ["Hulaulá"] = "huy", ["Huli"] = "hui", ["Hulung"] = "huk", ["Humburi Senni"] = "hmb", ["Humene"] = "huf", ["Hun"] = "uth", ["Hunde"] = "hke", ["Hung"] = "hnu", ["Hungana"] = "hum", ["Hungarian Sign Language"] = "hsh", ["Hungworo"] = "nat", ["Hunjara-Kaina Ke"] = "hkk", ["Hunnic"] = "xhc", ["Hunzib"] = "huz", ["Hupa"] = "hup", ["Hupdë"] = "jup", ["Hupla"] = "hap", ["Hutterisch"] = "geh", ["Hwana"] = "hwo", ["Hya"] = "hya", ["Hyam"] = "jab", ["Hän"] = "haa", ["Hértevin"] = "hrt", ["I-Wak"] = "iwk", ["Iaai"] = "iai", ["Iamalele"] = "yml", ["Iatmul"] = "ian", ["Iau"] = "tmu", ["Ibali Teke"] = "tek", ["Ibaloi"] = "ibl", ["Ibanag"] = "ibg", ["Ibani"] = "iby", ["Ibatan"] = "ivb", ["Iberian"] = "xib", ["Ibibio"] = "ibb", ["Ibino"] = "ibn", ["Iboko"] = "bkp", ["Ibu"] = "ibu", ["Ibuoro"] = "ibr", ["Icelandic Sign Language"] = "icl", ["Iceve-Maci"] = "bec", ["Idakho-Isukha-Tiriki"] = "ida", ["Idaté"] = "idt", ["Idere"] = "ide", ["Idesa"] = "ids", ["Idi"] = "idi", ["Idiom Neutral"] = "mis-idn", ["Idoma"] = "idu", ["Idon"] = "idc", ["Idu"] = "clk", ["Idun"] = "ldb", ["Iduna"] = "viv", ["Ifo"] = "iff", ["Ifè"] = "ife", ["Igala"] = "igl", ["Igana"] = "igg", ["Igede"] = "ige", ["Ignaciano"] = "ign", ["Igo"] = "ahl", ["Iguta"] = "nar", ["Igwe"] = "igw", ["Iha"] = "ihp", ["Ihievbe"] = "ihi", ["Ija-Zuba"] = "vki", ["Ik"] = "ikx", ["Ika"] = "ikk", ["Ikaranggal"] = "ikr", ["Ikizu"] = "ikz", ["Iko"] = "iki", ["Ikobi-Mena"] = "meb", ["Ikoma"] = "ntk", ["Ikpeng"] = "txi", ["Ikpeshi"] = "ikp", ["Ikposo"] = "kpo", ["Iku-Gora-Ankwa"] = "ikv", ["Ikulu"] = "ikl", ["Ikwere"] = "ikw", ["Ikwo"] = "iqw", ["Ila"] = "ilb", ["Ile Ape"] = "ila", ["Ilgar"] = "ilg", ["Ili Turki"] = "ili", ["Ili'uun"] = "ilu", ["Ilianen Manobo"] = "mbi", ["Illyrian"] = "xil", ["Ilongot"] = "ilk", ["Ilue"] = "ilv", ["Ilwana"] = "mlk", ["Imbongu"] = "imo", ["Imonda"] = "imn", ["Imroing"] = "imr", ["Inabaknon"] = "abx", ["Inapang"] = "mzu", ["Indanga"] = "bnt-ind", ["Indo-Portuguese"] = "idb", ["Indri"] = "idr", ["Indus Kohistani"] = "mvy", ["Inebu One"] = "oin", ["Ineseño"] = "inz", ["Inga"] = "inb", ["Inlaod Itneg"] = "iti", ["Inoke-Yate"] = "ino", ["Inonhan"] = "loc", ["Inor"] = "ior", ["Inpui Naga"] = "nkf", ["International Sign"] = "ils", ["Interslavic"] = "isv", ["Intha"] = "int", ["Inuinnaqtun"] = "esx-inq", ["Inuit Sign Language"] = "iks", ["Inuktun"] = "esx-ink", ["Inupiaq"] = "ik", ["Inuvialuktun"] = "ikt", ["Ipai"] = "nai-ipa", ["Ipalapa Amuzgo"] = "azm", ["Ipiko"] = "ipo", ["Ipili"] = "ipi", ["Ipulo"] = "ass", ["Iquito"] = "iqu", ["Ir"] = "irr", ["Irantxe"] = "irn", ["Iraqw"] = "irk", ["Irarutu"] = "irh", ["Iraya"] = "iry", ["Iresim"] = "ire", ["Iriga Bicolano"] = "bto", ["Irish Sign Language"] = "isg", ["Irula"] = "iru", ["Isabi"] = "isa", ["Isanzu"] = "isn", ["Isarog Agta"] = "agk", ["Isaurian"] = "mis-isa", ["Isconahua"] = "isc", ["Isebe"] = "igo", ["Ishkashimi"] = "isk", ["Isinai"] = "inn", ["Isirawa"] = "srl", ["Islander Creole English"] = "icr", ["Isnag"] = "isd", ["Isoko"] = "iso", ["Israeli Sign Language"] = "isr", ["Isthmus Mixe"] = "mir", ["Isthmus Zapotec"] = "zai", ["อิสโตร-โรมาเนีย"] = "ruo", ["Isu"] = "isu", ["Isubu"] = "szv", ["Italian Sign Language"] = "ise", ["Italiot Greek"] = "grk-ita", ["Itawit"] = "itv", ["Itelmen"] = "itl", ["Itene"] = "ite", ["Iteri"] = "itr", ["Itik"] = "itx", ["Ito"] = "itw", ["Itonama"] = "ito", ["Itsekiri"] = "its", ["Itu Mbon Uzo"] = "itm", ["Itundujia Mixtec"] = "mce", ["Itza'"] = "itz", ["Ivatan"] = "ivv", ["Iwaidja"] = "ibd", ["Iwal"] = "kbm", ["Iwam"] = "iwm", ["Iwur"] = "iwo", ["Ixcatec"] = "ixc", ["Ixcatlán Mazatec"] = "mzi", ["Ixil"] = "ixl", ["Ixtayutla Mixtec"] = "vmj", ["Ixtenco Otomi"] = "otz", ["Iyayu"] = "iya", ["Iyive"] = "uiv", ["Iyo"] = "nca", ["Iyo'wujwa Chorote"] = "crq", ["Iyojwa'ja Chorote"] = "crt", ["Izere"] = "izr", ["Izi"] = "izz", ["Izi-Ezaa-Ikwo-Mgbo"] = "izi", ["Izon"] = "ijc", ["Izora"] = "cbo", ["Iñapari"] = "inp", ["Jabem"] = "jae", ["Jabutí"] = "jbt", ["Jad"] = "jda", ["Jadgali"] = "jdg", ["Jah Hut"] = "jah", ["Jahanka"] = "jad", ["Jair Awyu"] = "awv", ["Jakaltek"] = "jac", ["Jakati"] = "jat", ["Jalapa de Díaz Mazatec"] = "maj", ["Jalkunan"] = "bxl", ["Jamaican Country Sign Language"] = "jcs", ["Jamaican Sign Language"] = "jls", ["Jamamadí"] = "jaa", ["Jambi Malay"] = "jax", ["Jamiltepec Mixtec"] = "mxt", ["Jaminjung"] = "djd", ["Jamsay"] = "djm", ["Jamtish"] = "gmq-jmk", ["Jandavra"] = "jnd", ["Janday"] = "jan", ["Jangkang"] = "djo", ["Jangshung"] = "jna", ["Janji"] = "jni", ["Japanese Sign Language"] = "jsl", ["Japhug"] = "sit-jap", ["Japrería"] = "jru", ["Jaqaru"] = "jqr", ["Jara"] = "jaf", ["Jarai"] = "jra", ["Jarawa"] = "anq", ["Jaru"] = "ddj", ["Jassic"] = "ysc", ["Jaunsari"] = "jns", ["Javindo"] = "jvd", ["Jawe"] = "jaz", ["Jaya"] = "jyy", ["Jebero"] = "jeb", ["Jeh"] = "jeh", ["Jehai"] = "jhi", ["Jeikó"] = "sai-jko", ["Jemez"] = "tow", ["Jenaama Bozo"] = "bze", ["Jeng"] = "jeg", ["Jennu Kurumba"] = "xuj", ["Jere"] = "jer", ["Jeri Kuo"] = "jek", ["Jersey Dutch"] = "gmw-jdt", ["Jeru"] = "akj", ["Jerung"] = "jee", ["Jhankot Sign Language"] = "jhs", ["Jiba"] = "juo", ["Jibu"] = "jib", ["Jicarilla"] = "apj", ["Jie"] = "mis-jie", ["Jiiddu"] = "jii", ["Jilbe"] = "jie", ["Jili"] = "mgi", ["Jilim"] = "jil", ["Jimi"] = "jmi", ["Jimjimen"] = "jim", ["Jina"] = "jia", ["Jingulu"] = "jig", ["Jiongnai Bunu"] = "pnu", ["Jirajara"] = "sai-jrj", ["Jirel"] = "jul", ["Jiru"] = "jrr", ["Jita"] = "jit", ["Jizhao"] = "mis-jzh", ["Jju"] = "kaj", ["Joba"] = "job", ["Jofotek-Bromnya"] = "jbr", ["Jola-Fonyi"] = "dyo", ["Jola-Kasa"] = "csk", ["Jonkor Bourmataguil"] = "jeu", ["Jordanian Sign Language"] = "jos", ["Jorá"] = "jor", ["Jowulu"] = "jow", ["Ju"] = "juu", ["Juang"] = "jun", ["Juba Arabic"] = "pga", ["Judeo-Italian"] = "itk", ["Judeo-Persian"] = "jpr", ["Judeo-Tat"] = "jdt", ["Jukun Takum"] = "jbu", ["Jumaytepeque"] = "nai-jum", ["Jumjum"] = "jum", ["Jumla Sign Language"] = "jus", ["Jumli"] = "jml", ["Jungle Inga"] = "inj", ["Juquila Mixe"] = "mxq", ["Jur Modo"] = "bex", ["Juray"] = "juy", ["Jurúna"] = "jur", ["Jutiapa"] = "nai-jtp", ["Jutish"] = "jut", ["Juwal"] = "mwb", ["Juxtlahuaca Mixtec"] = "vmc", ["Juǀ'hoan"] = "ktz", ["Jwira-Pepesa"] = "jwi", ["Júma"] = "jua", ["K'iche'"] = "quc", ["Kaamba"] = "xku", ["Kaan"] = "ldl", ["Kaang Chin"] = "ckn", ["Kaansa"] = "gna", ["Kaapor Sign Language"] = "uks", ["Kaba"] = "ksp", ["Kabalai"] = "kvf", ["Kabatei"] = "xkp", ["Kabba-Laka"] = "lap", ["Kabishiana"] = "tup-kab", ["Kabiyé"] = "kbp", ["Kabola"] = "klz", ["Kabore One"] = "onk", ["Kabras"] = "lkb", ["Kaburi"] = "uka", ["Kabutra"] = "kbu", ["Kabwa"] = "cwa", ["Kabwari"] = "kcw", ["Kachama-Ganjule"] = "kcx", ["Kachari"] = "xac", ["Kachi Koli"] = "gjk", ["Kacipo-Balesi"] = "koe", ["Kaco'"] = "xkk", ["Kadai"] = "kzd", ["Kadar"] = "kej", ["Kadara"] = "kad", ["Kadaru"] = "kdu", ["Kadiwéu"] = "kbc", ["Kado"] = "kdv", ["Kadugli"] = "xtc", ["Kaduo"] = "ktp", ["Kaera"] = "jka", ["Kafa"] = "kbr", ["Kafoa"] = "kpu", ["Kagate"] = "syw", ["Kagayanen"] = "cgc", ["Kagoma"] = "kdm", ["Kagoro"] = "xkg", ["Kagulu"] = "kki", ["Kahe"] = "hka", ["Kahua"] = "agw", ["Kaian"] = "kct", ["Kaibobo"] = "kzb", ["Kaidipang"] = "kzp", ["Kaiep"] = "kbw", ["Kaikadi"] = "kep", ["Kaike"] = "kzq", ["Kaiku"] = "kkq", ["Kaimbulawa"] = "zka", ["Kaimbé"] = "xai", ["Kaingang"] = "kgp", ["Kairak"] = "ckr", ["Kairiru"] = "kxa", ["Kairui-Midiki"] = "krd", ["Kais"] = "kzm", ["Kaitag"] = "xdq", ["Kaivi"] = "kce", ["Kaiwá"] = "kgk", ["Kaiy"] = "tcq", ["Kajakse"] = "ckq", ["Kajali"] = "xkj", ["Kajaman"] = "kag", ["Kakabai"] = "kqf", ["Kakabe"] = "kke", ["Kakanda"] = "kka", ["Kaki Ae"] = "tbd", ["Kakihum"] = "kxe", ["Kako"] = "kkj", ["Kakwa"] = "keo", ["Kala"] = "kcl", ["Kala Lagaw Ya"] = "mwp", ["Kalaamaya"] = "lkm", ["Kalabakan"] = "kve", ["Kalabari"] = "ijn", ["Kalabra"] = "kzz", ["Kalaktang Monpa"] = "kkf", ["Kalam"] = "kmh", ["Kalami"] = "gwc", ["Kalamsé"] = "knz", ["Kalanadi"] = "wkl", ["Kalanga"] = "kck", ["Kalao"] = "kly", ["Kalapuya"] = "kyl", ["Kalarko"] = "kba", ["Kalasha"] = "kls", ["Kalasuri"] = "xme-kls", ["Kalašma"] = "ine-kal", ["Kalenjin"] = "kln", ["Kalinago"] = "crb", ["Kalkatungu"] = "ktg", ["Kalkoti"] = "xka", ["Kallawaya"] = "caw", ["Kalo Finnish Romani"] = "rmf", ["Kalou"] = "ywa", ["Kaluli"] = "bco", ["Kalumpang"] = "kli", ["Kam"] = "kdx", ["Kamakan"] = "vkm", ["Kamang"] = "woi", ["Kamano"] = "kbq", ["Kamantan"] = "kci", ["Kamar"] = "keq", ["Kamara"] = "jmr", ["Kamarian"] = "kzx", ["Kamaru"] = "kgx", ["Kamasa"] = "klp", ["Kamasau"] = "kms", ["Kamassian"] = "xas", ["Kamayo"] = "kyk", ["Kamayurá"] = "kay", ["Kamba"] = "kam", ["Kambaata"] = "ktb", ["Kambaira"] = "kyy", ["Kamberataro"] = "kbv", ["Kamberau"] = "irx", ["Kambiwá"] = "xbw", ["Kami"] = "kmi", ["Kamkata-viri"] = "bsh", ["Kamo"] = "kcq", ["Kamoro"] = "kgq", ["Kamta"] = "rkt", ["Kamu"] = "xmu", ["Kamula"] = "xla", ["Kamwe"] = "hig", ["Kanakanabu"] = "xnb", ["Kanakuru"] = "kna", ["Kanamari"] = "knm", ["Kanashi"] = "xns", ["Kanasi"] = "soq", ["Kandas"] = "kqw", ["Kandawo"] = "gam", ["Kande"] = "kbs", ["Kang"] = "kyp", ["Kanga"] = "kcp", ["Kangean"] = "kkv", ["Kanggape"] = "igm", ["Kangjia"] = "kxs", ["Kango"] = "kty", ["Kango-Sua"] = "kzy", ["Kangri"] = "xnr", ["Kaniet"] = "ktk", ["Kanikkaran"] = "kev", ["Kaningdon-Nindem"] = "kdp", ["Kaningi"] = "kzo", ["Kaningra"] = "knr", ["Kaninuwa"] = "wat", ["Kanite"] = "kmu", ["Kanjari"] = "kft", ["Kanju"] = "kbe", ["Kannada Kurumba"] = "kfi", ["Kannauji"] = "bjj", ["Kanowit"] = "kxn", ["Kanoé"] = "kxo", ["Kansa"] = "ksk", ["Kantosi"] = "xkt", ["Kanu"] = "khx", ["Kanufi"] = "kni", ["Kanyok"] = "kny", ["Kao"] = "kax", ["Kaonde"] = "kqn", ["Kap"] = "ykm", ["Kapauri"] = "khp", ["Kapin"] = "tbx", ["Kapinawá"] = "xpn", ["Kapingamarangi"] = "kpg", ["Kapriman"] = "dju", ["Kaptiau"] = "kbi", ["Kapya"] = "klo", ["Kaqchikel"] = "cak", ["Kaqchikel-K'iche' Mixed Language"] = "ckz", ["Kara (New Guinea)"] = "leu", ["Kara (Tanzania)"] = "reg", ["Karachay-Balkar"] = "krc", ["Karadjeri"] = "gbd", ["Karaga Mandaya"] = "mry", ["Karaim"] = "kdr", ["Karajá"] = "kpj", ["Karakhanid"] = "xqa", ["Karami"] = "xar", ["Karamojong"] = "kdj", ["Karang"] = "kzr", ["Karanga"] = "kth", ["Karankawa"] = "zkk", ["Karas"] = "kgv", ["Karata"] = "kpt", ["Karawa"] = "xrw", ["Karbi"] = "mjw", ["Kare (Central Africa)"] = "kbn", ["Kare (New Guinea)"] = "kmf", ["Karekare"] = "kai", ["Karey"] = "kyd", ["Kari"] = "kbj", ["Kari'na"] = "car", ["Karingani"] = "kgn", ["Karipuna"] = "kuq", ["Karipúna Creole French"] = "kmv", ["Kariri"] = "kzw", ["Karitiâna"] = "ktn", ["Kariya"] = "kil", ["Kariyarra"] = "vka", ["Karkar-Yuri"] = "yuj", ["Karkin"] = "krb", ["Karko"] = "kko", ["Karnai"] = "bbv", ["Karo"] = "kxh", ["Karo Batak"] = "btx", ["Karok"] = "kyh", ["Karolanos"] = "kyn", ["Karon"] = "krx", ["Karon Dori"] = "kgw", ["Karore"] = "xkx", ["Karranga"] = "xrq", ["Karuwali"] = "rxw", ["Kasanga"] = "ccj", ["Kasem"] = "xsm", ["Kashaya"] = "kju", ["Kasiguranin"] = "ksn", ["Kaska"] = "kkz", ["Kaskean"] = "zsk", ["Kaskihá"] = "gva", ["Kassite"] = "mis-kas", ["Kassonke"] = "kao", ["Kasua"] = "khs", ["Kataang"] = "kgd", ["Katabaga"] = "ktq", ["Katawixi"] = "xat", ["Katembri"] = "sai-kat", ["Kathlamet"] = "nai-kat", ["Kathoriya Tharu"] = "tkt", ["Kathu"] = "ykt", ["Katkari"] = "kfu", ["Katla"] = "kcr", ["Kato"] = "ktw", ["Katso"] = "kaf", ["Katua"] = "kta", ["Katukina"] = "knt", ["Kaulong"] = "pss", ["Kaur"] = "vkk", ["Kaure"] = "bpp", ["Kaurna"] = "zku", ["Kauwera"] = "xau", ["Kavet"] = "krv", ["Kawacha"] = "kcb", ["Kawaiisu"] = "xaw", ["Kawe"] = "kgb", ["Kawishana"] = "awd-kaw", ["Kawésqar"] = "alc", ["Kaxararí"] = "ktx", ["Kaxuyana"] = "kbb", ["Kayabí"] = "kyz", ["Kayagar"] = "kyt", ["Kayan Mahakam"] = "xay", ["Kayan River Kayan"] = "xkn", ["Kayapa Kallahan"] = "kak", ["Kayapó"] = "txu", ["Kayardild"] = "gyd", ["Kayeli"] = "kzl", ["Kayong"] = "kxy", ["Kayort"] = "kyv", ["Kaytetye"] = "gbb", ["Kayupulau"] = "kzu", ["Kazukuru"] = "kzk", ["Ke'o"] = "xxk", ["Keak"] = "keh", ["Keapara"] = "khz", ["Kedang"] = "ksx", ["Keder"] = "kdy", ["Kehu"] = "khh", ["Kei"] = "kei", ["Keiga"] = "kec", ["Kein"] = "bmh", ["Keiyo"] = "eyo", ["Kela-Yela"] = "kel", ["Kelabit"] = "kzi", ["Kelantan Peranakan Hokkien"] = "mis-hkl", ["Keley-I Kallahan"] = "ify", ["Keliko"] = "kbo", ["Kelo"] = "xel", ["Kelon"] = "kyo", ["Kemak"] = "kem", ["Kembayan"] = "xem", ["Kemberano"] = "bzp", ["Kembra"] = "xkw", ["Kemezung"] = "dmo", ["Kemi Sami"] = "sjk", ["Kemiehua"] = "kfj", ["Kemtuik"] = "kmt", ["Kenaboi"] = "xbn", ["Kenati"] = "gat", ["Kendayan"] = "knx", ["Kendeje"] = "klf", ["Kendem"] = "kvm", ["Kenga"] = "kyq", ["Keningau Murut"] = "kxi", ["Keninjal"] = "knl", ["Kensiu"] = "kns", ["Kenswei Nsei"] = "ndb", ["Kenyan Sign Language"] = "xki", ["Kenyang"] = "ken", ["Kenyi"] = "lke", ["Keoru-Ahia"] = "xeu", ["Kepkiriwát"] = "kpn", ["Kepo'"] = "kuk", ["Kera"] = "ker", ["Kerak"] = "hhr", ["Kereho"] = "xke", ["Kerek"] = "krk", ["Kerewe"] = "ked", ["Kerewo"] = "kxz", ["Kerinci"] = "kvr", ["Kermanic"] = "xme-ker", ["Kesawai"] = "xes", ["Ket"] = "ket", ["Ketangalan"] = "kae", ["Kete"] = "kcv", ["Ketengban"] = "xte", ["Ketum"] = "ktt", ["Kewa"] = "kew", ["Keyagana"] = "kyg", ["Kgalagadi"] = "xkv", ["แฆแลจ"] = "klj", ["Khaling"] = "klr", ["Khamnigan Mongol"] = "ykh", ["Khamyang"] = "ksu", ["Khana"] = "ogo", ["Khandeshi"] = "khn", ["Khao"] = "xao", ["Kharam Naga"] = "kfw", ["Kharia"] = "khr", ["Kharia Thar"] = "ksy", ["Khayo"] = "lko", ["Khazar"] = "zkz", ["Khe"] = "kqg", ["Khehek"] = "tlx", ["Khengkha"] = "xkf", ["Khetrani"] = "xhe", ["Khezha Naga"] = "nkh", ["Khiamniungan Naga"] = "kix", ["Khinalug"] = "kjj", ["Khirwar"] = "kwx", ["Khisa"] = "kqm", ["Khlor"] = "llo", ["Khlula"] = "ykl", ["Khoekhoe"] = "naq", ["Khoibu Naga"] = "nkb", ["Khoini"] = "xkc", ["Kholok"] = "ktc", ["Kholosi"] = "inc-kho", ["Khorasani Turkish"] = "kmz", ["Khorezmian Turkic"] = "zkh", ["Khowar"] = "khw", ["Khroskyabs"] = "jiq", ["Khua"] = "xhv", ["Khuen"] = "khf", ["Khumi Chin"] = "cnk", ["Khvarshi"] = "khv", ["Khwarezmian"] = "xco", ["Khwe"] = "xuu", ["Kháng"] = "kjm", ["Kiautschou German Pidgin"] = "crp-kia", ["Kibala"] = "blv", ["Kibena"] = "bez", ["Kibet"] = "kie", ["Kibiri"] = "prm", ["Kichwa"] = "qwe-kch", ["Kickapoo"] = "kic", ["Kikai"] = "kzg", ["Kikami"] = "kcu", ["Kili"] = "tuw-kli", ["Kilit"] = "xme-klt", ["Kilivila"] = "kij", ["Kiliwa"] = "klb", ["Kilmeri"] = "kih", ["Kim"] = "kia", ["Kim Mun"] = "mji", ["Kimaama"] = "kig", ["Kimaragang"] = "kqr", ["Kimbu"] = "kiv", ["Kimbundu"] = "kmb", ["Kimki"] = "sbt", ["Kimré"] = "kqp", ["Kinabalian"] = "cbw", ["Kinalakna"] = "kco", ["Kinaray-a"] = "krj", ["Kinga"] = "zga", ["Kings River Yokuts"] = "yok-kry", ["Kinikinao"] = "gqn", ["Kinnauri"] = "kfk", ["Kintaq"] = "knq", ["Kinuku"] = "kkd", ["Kioko"] = "ues", ["Kiong"] = "kkm", ["Kiorr"] = "xko", ["Kiowa"] = "kio", ["Kipfokomo"] = "pkb", ["Kipsigis"] = "sgc", ["Kiput"] = "kyi", ["Kir-Balar"] = "kkr", ["Kire"] = "geb", ["Kirfi"] = "kks", ["Kirike"] = "okr", ["Kirikiri"] = "kiy", ["Kirya-Konzel"] = "fkk", ["Kis"] = "kis", ["Kisa"] = "lks", ["Kisan"] = "xis", ["Kisankasa"] = "kqh", ["Kisar"] = "kje", ["Kisi"] = "kiz", ["Kistane"] = "gru", ["Kita Maninkakan"] = "mwk", ["Kitanemuk"] = "azc-ktn", ["Kitembo"] = "tbt", ["Kitja"] = "gia", ["Kitsai"] = "kii", ["Kituba"] = "ktu", ["Kiunum"] = "wei", ["Kla"] = "lda", ["Klallam"] = "clm", ["Klamath-Modoc"] = "kla", ["Klao"] = "klu", ["Klias River Kadazan"] = "kqt", ["Klingon"] = "tlh", ["Knaanic"] = "czk", ["Ko"] = "fuj", ["Koalib"] = "kib", ["Koasati"] = "cku", ["Koba"] = "kpd", ["Kobiana"] = "kcj", ["Kobol"] = "kgu", ["Kobon"] = "kpw", ["Koch"] = "kdq", ["Kochila Tharu"] = "thq", ["Koda"] = "cdz", ["Kodaku"] = "ksz", ["Kodava"] = "kfa", ["Kodeoha"] = "vko", ["Kodi"] = "kod", ["Kodia"] = "kwp", ["Koenoem"] = "kcs", ["Kofa"] = "kso", ["Kofei"] = "kpi", ["Kofyar"] = "kwl", ["Kohin"] = "kkx", ["Kohistani Shina"] = "plk", ["Kohumono"] = "bcs", ["Koi"] = "kkt", ["Koibal"] = "zkb", ["Koireng"] = "nkd", ["Koitabu"] = "kqi", ["Koiwat"] = "kxt", ["Kok-Nar"] = "gko", ["Kok-Paponk"] = "okg", ["Kokata"] = "ktd", ["Koke"] = "kou", ["Koko-Bera"] = "kkp", ["Kokoda"] = "xod", ["Kokola"] = "kzn", ["Kokota"] = "kkk", ["Kol (Cameroon)"] = "biw", ["Kol (New Guinea)"] = "kol", ["Kola"] = "kvv", ["Kolami"] = "kfb", ["Kolbila"] = "klc", ["Kolhe"] = "ekl", ["Kolibugan Subanon"] = "skn", ["Kolom"] = "klm", ["Koluwawa"] = "klx", ["Kom (Cameroon)"] = "bkm", ["Kom (India)"] = "kmm", ["Koma"] = "kmy", ["Komba"] = "kpf", ["Kombai"] = "tyn", ["Kombio"] = "xbi", ["Komering"] = "kge", ["Komi-Permyak"] = "koi", ["Komi-Yazva"] = "urj-kya", ["Komi-Zyrian"] = "kpv", ["Kominimung"] = "xoi", ["Komo"] = "xom", ["Komodo"] = "kvh", ["Kompane"] = "kvp", ["Komyandaret"] = "kzv", ["Kon Keu"] = "kkn", ["Konabéré"] = "bbo", ["Konai"] = "kxw", ["Konda"] = "knd", ["Konda-Dora"] = "kfc", ["Kondekor"] = "gau", ["Koneraw"] = "kdw", ["Konkomba"] = "xon", ["Konni"] = "kma", ["Kono (Guinea)"] = "knu", ["Kono (Nigeria)"] = "klk", ["Kono (Sierra Leone)"] = "kno", ["Konomala"] = "koa", ["Konomihu"] = "nai-knm", ["Konongo"] = "kcz", ["Konso"] = "kxc", ["Konyak Naga"] = "nbe", ["Konyanka Maninka"] = "mku", ["Konzo"] = "koo", ["Koonzime"] = "ozm", ["Koorete"] = "kqy", ["Kopar"] = "xop", ["Kopkaka"] = "opk", ["Korafe-Yegha"] = "kpr", ["Korak"] = "koz", ["Korana"] = "kqz", ["Korandje"] = "kcy", ["Korean Sign Language"] = "kvk", ["Koreguaje"] = "coe", ["Koresh-e Rostam"] = "okh", ["Korku"] = "kfq", ["Korlai Creole Portuguese"] = "vkp", ["Koro (India)"] = "jkr", ["Koro (Vanuatu)"] = "krf", ["Koro (West Africa)"] = "kfo", ["Koromfé"] = "kfz", ["Koromira"] = "kqj", ["Koronadal Blaan"] = "bpr", ["Koroni"] = "xkq", ["Korop"] = "krp", ["Koropó"] = "xxr", ["Koroshi"] = "ktl", ["Korowai"] = "khe", ["Korra Koraga"] = "kfd", ["Korubo"] = "xor", ["Korupun-Sela"] = "kpq", ["Korwa"] = "kfp", ["Koryak"] = "kpy", ["Kosadle"] = "kiq", ["Kosarek Yale"] = "kkl", ["Koshin"] = "kid", ["Kosraean"] = "kos", ["Kota (Gabon)"] = "koq", ["Kota (India)"] = "kfe", ["Kota Bangun Kutai Malay"] = "mqg", ["Kota Marudu Talantang"] = "grm", ["Kota Marudu Tinagas"] = "ktr", ["Kotafon Gbe"] = "kqk", ["Koti"] = "eko", ["Kott"] = "zko", ["Kou"] = "snz", ["Kouya"] = "kyf", ["Kovai"] = "kqb", ["Kove"] = "kvc", ["Kowaki"] = "xow", ["Kowiai"] = "kwh", ["Koy Sanjaq Surat"] = "kqd", ["Koya"] = "kff", ["Koyaga"] = "kga", ["Koyo"] = "koh", ["Koyra Chiini"] = "khq", ["Koyraboro Senni"] = "ses", ["Koyukon"] = "koy", ["Kpagua"] = "kuw", ["Kpala"] = "kpl", ["Kpan"] = "kpk", ["Kpasam"] = "pbn", ["Kpati"] = "koc", ["Kpatili"] = "kym", ["Kpee"] = "cpo", ["Kpelle"] = "kpe", ["Kpessi"] = "kef", ["Kplang"] = "kph", ["Krache"] = "kye", ["Krahô"] = "xra", ["Kraol"] = "rka", ["Krenak"] = "kqq", ["Kresh"] = "krs", ["Krevinian"] = "zkv", ["Kreye"] = "xre", ["Krikati-Timbira"] = "xri", ["Krim"] = "krm", ["Krio"] = "kri", ["Krisa"] = "ksi", ["Kristang"] = "mcm", ["Krobu"] = "kxb", ["Krongo"] = "kgo", ["Kru'ng"] = "krr", ["Krymchak"] = "jct", ["Kryts"] = "kry", ["Ktunaxa"] = "kut", ["Kua"] = "tyu", ["Kua-nsi"] = "ykn", ["Kuamasi"] = "yku", ["Kuan"] = "uan", ["Kuanhua"] = "xnh", ["Kube"] = "kgf", ["Kubi"] = "kof", ["Kubo"] = "jko", ["Kubu"] = "kvb", ["Kucong"] = "lkc", ["Kudiya"] = "kfg", ["Kudmali"] = "kyw", ["Kudu-Camo"] = "kov", ["Kugama"] = "kow", ["Kugbo"] = "kes", ["Kugu-Muminh"] = "xmh", ["Kui (India)"] = "kxu", ["Kui (Indonesia)"] = "kvd", ["Kuijau"] = "dkr", ["Kuikúro"] = "kui", ["Kujarge"] = "vkj", ["Kuk"] = "kfn", ["Kukatja"] = "kux", ["Kukele"] = "kez", ["Kukkuzi"] = "urj-kuk", ["Kukna"] = "kex", ["Kuku-Mangk"] = "xmq", ["Kuku-Mu'inh"] = "xmp", ["Kuku-Thaypan"] = "typ", ["Kuku-Ugbanh"] = "ugb", ["Kuku-Uwanh"] = "uwa", ["Kuku-Yalanji"] = "gvn", ["Kula"] = "tpg", ["Kulaal"] = "glj", ["Kulere"] = "kul", ["Kulfa"] = "kxj", ["Kulina"] = "xpk", ["Kulisusu"] = "vkl", ["Kullu Pahari"] = "kfx", ["Kulon"] = "uon", ["Kulon-Pazeh"] = "uun", ["Kulung"] = "kle", ["Kumak"] = "nee", ["Kumalu"] = "ksl", ["Kumam"] = "kdi", ["Kuman"] = "kue", ["Kumaoni"] = "kfy", ["Kumarbhag Paharia"] = "kmj", ["Kumba"] = "ksm", ["Kumbainggar"] = "kgs", ["Kumbaran"] = "wkb", ["Kumbewaha"] = "xks", ["Kumeyaay"] = "nai-kum", ["Kumhali"] = "kra", ["Kumu"] = "kmw", ["Kumukio"] = "kuo", ["Kumzari"] = "zum", ["Kuna"] = "cuk", ["Kunama"] = "kun", ["Kunbarlang"] = "wlg", ["Kunda"] = "kdn", ["Kundal Shahi"] = "shd", ["Kunduvadi"] = "wku", ["Kung"] = "kfl", ["Kungarakany"] = "ggk", ["Kungardutyi"] = "gdt", ["Kunggari"] = "kgl", ["Kungkari"] = "lku", ["Kuni"] = "kse", ["Kuni-Boazi"] = "kvg", ["Kunimaipa"] = "kup", ["Kunja"] = "pep", ["Kunjen"] = "kjn", ["Kunyi"] = "njx", ["Kunza"] = "kuz", ["Kuo"] = "xuo", ["Kuot"] = "kto", ["Kupa"] = "kug", ["Kupang Malay"] = "mkn", ["Kupia"] = "key", ["Kupsabiny"] = "kpz", ["Kur"] = "kuv", ["Kura Ede Nago"] = "nqk", ["Kurama"] = "krh", ["Kuranko"] = "knk", ["Kuri"] = "nbn", ["Kuria"] = "kuj", ["Kurichiya"] = "kfh", ["Kurmukar"] = "kfv", ["Kurnai"] = "unn", ["Kurrama"] = "vku", ["Kurti"] = "ktm", ["Kurtjar"] = "gdj", ["Kurtöp"] = "xkz", ["Kurudu"] = "kjr", ["Kuruáya"] = "kyr", ["Kusaal"] = "kus", ["Kusaghe"] = "ksg", ["Kushi"] = "kuh", ["Kustenau"] = "awd-kus", ["Kusu"] = "ksv", ["Kusunda"] = "kgg", ["Kutang Ghale"] = "ght", ["Kutep"] = "kub", ["Kuthant"] = "xut", ["Kutto"] = "kpa", ["Kutu"] = "kdc", ["Kuturmi"] = "khj", ["Kuuk Thaayorre"] = "thd", ["Kuuk Yak"] = "uky", ["Kuuku-Ya'u"] = "kuy", ["Kuvale"] = "olu", ["Kuvi"] = "kxv", ["Kuwaa"] = "blh", ["Kuwaataay"] = "cwt", ["Kuwani"] = "paa-kwn", ["Kven"] = "fkv", ["Kw'adza"] = "wka", ["Kwa'"] = "bko", ["Kwaami"] = "ksq", ["Kwadi"] = "kwz", ["Kwaio"] = "kwd", ["Kwaja"] = "kdz", ["Kwak"] = "kwq", ["Kwak'wala"] = "kwk", ["Kwakum"] = "kwu", ["Kwalhioqua-Tlatskanai"] = "qwt", ["Kwama"] = "kmq", ["Kwambi"] = "kwm", ["Kwamera"] = "tnk", ["Kwami"] = "ktf", ["Kwamtim One"] = "okk", ["Kwang"] = "kvi", ["Kwanga"] = "kwj", ["Kwangali"] = "kwn", ["Kwanja"] = "knp", ["Kwanka"] = "bij", ["Kwanyama"] = "kj", ["Kwara'ae"] = "kwf", ["Kwasio"] = "nmg", ["Kwaya"] = "kya", ["Kwaza"] = "xwa", ["Kwegu"] = "xwg", ["Kwer"] = "kwr", ["Kwerba"] = "kwe", ["Kwerba Mamberamo"] = "xwr", ["Kwere"] = "cwe", ["Kwerisa"] = "kkb", ["Kwese"] = "kws", ["Kwesten"] = "kwt", ["Kwini"] = "gww", ["Kwinsu"] = "kuc", ["Kwinti"] = "kww", ["Kwoma"] = "kmo", ["Kwomtari"] = "kwo", ["Kyak"] = "bka", ["Kyaka"] = "kyc", ["Kyakala"] = "tuw-kkl", ["Kyan-Karyaw Naga"] = "nqq", ["Kyenele"] = "kql", ["Kyenga"] = "tye", ["Kyerung"] = "kgy", ["Kâte"] = "kmg", ["Kélé"] = "keb", ["Kómnzo"] = "paa-kom", ["La'bi"] = "lbi", ["Laal"] = "gdm", ["Laalaa"] = "cae", ["Laba"] = "lau", ["Label"] = "lbb", ["Labir"] = "jku", ["Labo"] = "mwi", ["Labo Phowa"] = "ypb", ["Labu"] = "lbu", ["Labuk-Kinabatangan Kadazan"] = "dtb", ["Lacandon"] = "lac", ["Lachi"] = "lbt", ["Lachiguiri Zapotec"] = "zpa", ["Lachixío Zapotec"] = "zpl", ["Ladji-Ladji"] = "llj", ["Laeko-Libuat"] = "lkl", ["Lafofa"] = "laf", ["Laghu"] = "lgb", ["Laghuu"] = "lgh", ["Lagwan"] = "kot", ["Laha (Indonesia)"] = "lhh", ["Laha (Vietnam)"] = "lha", ["Lahanan"] = "lhn", ["Lahnda"] = "lah", ["Lahta Karen"] = "kvt", ["Lahu"] = "lhu", ["Lahu Shi"] = "lhi", ["Lahul Lohar"] = "lhl", ["Lai"] = "cnh", ["Laimbue"] = "lmx", ["Laitu Chin"] = "clj", ["Laiyolo"] = "lji", ["Laka"] = "lak", ["Lakalei"] = "lka", ["Lake Miwok"] = "lmw", ["Lakha"] = "lkh", ["Laki"] = "lki", ["Lakon"] = "lkn", ["Lakondê"] = "lkd", ["ลาโคตา"] = "lkt", ["Lakota Dida"] = "dic", ["Lala (New Guinea)"] = "nrz", ["Lala (South Africa)"] = "bnt-lal", ["Lala-Bisa"] = "leb", ["Lala-Roba"] = "lla", ["Lalana Chinantec"] = "cnl", ["Lama Bai"] = "lay", ["Lamaholot"] = "slp", ["Lamalera"] = "lmr", ["Lamang"] = "hia", ["Lamatuka"] = "lmq", ["Lamba"] = "lam", ["Lambadi"] = "lmn", ["Lambichhong"] = "lmh", ["Lambya"] = "lai", ["Lame"] = "bma", ["Lamenu"] = "lmu", ["Lamet"] = "lbn", ["Lamja-Dengsa-Tola"] = "ldh", ["Lamkang"] = "lmk", ["Lamma"] = "lev", ["Lamnso'"] = "lns", ["Lamogai"] = "lmg", ["Lampung Api"] = "ljp", ["Lamu"] = "llh", ["Lamu-Lamu"] = "lby", ["Lanas Lobu"] = "ruu", ["Landoma"] = "ldm", ["Lang'e"] = "yne", ["Langam"] = "lnm", ["Langbashe"] = "lna", ["Langi"] = "lag", ["Langnian Buyang"] = "yln", ["Lango (Sudan)"] = "lno", ["Lango (Uganda)"] = "laj", ["Lanima"] = "lnw", ["Lanoh"] = "lnh", ["Lao Naga"] = "nlq", ["Laomian"] = "lwm", ["Laopang"] = "lbg", ["Laos Sign Language"] = "lso", ["Lapaguía-Guivini Zapotec"] = "ztl", ["Lapine"] = "art-lap", ["Lapuyan Subanun"] = "laa", ["Laragia"] = "lrg", ["Larantuka Malay"] = "lrt", ["Lardil"] = "lbz", ["Larestani"] = "lrl", ["Larike-Wakasihu"] = "alo", ["Laro"] = "lro", ["Larteh"] = "lar", ["Laru"] = "lan", ["Larëvat"] = "lrv", ["Lasalimu"] = "llm", ["Lasgerdi"] = "lsa", ["Lashi"] = "lsi", ["Lasi"] = "lss", ["Latu"] = "ltu", ["Latundê"] = "ltn", ["Latvian Sign Language"] = "lsl", ["Lau"] = "llu", ["Laua"] = "luf", ["Lauan"] = "llx", ["Lauje"] = "law", ["Laura"] = "lur", ["Laurentian"] = "lre", ["Lavatbura-Lamusong"] = "lbv", ["Lave"] = "brb", ["Laven"] = "lbo", ["Lavukaleve"] = "lvk", ["Lawangan"] = "lbx", ["Lawi"] = "lvi", ["Lawu"] = "lwu", ["Lawunuia"] = "tgi", ["Layakha"] = "lya", ["Laze"] = "tbq-laz", ["Lealao Chinantec"] = "cle", ["Leco"] = "lec", ["Ledo Kaili"] = "lew", ["Leelau"] = "ldk", ["Lefa"] = "lfa", ["Lega-Mwenga"] = "lgm", ["Lega-Shabunda"] = "lea", ["Legbo"] = "agb", ["Legenyem"] = "lcc", ["Lehali"] = "tql", ["Leinong Naga"] = "lzn", ["Leipon"] = "lek", ["Lela"] = "dri", ["Lelak"] = "llk", ["Lele (Chad)"] = "lln", ["Lele (Congo)"] = "lel", ["Lele (Guinea)"] = "llc", ["Lele (New Guinea)"] = "lle", ["Lelemi"] = "lef", ["Lelepa"] = "lpa", ["Lembena"] = "leq", ["Lemerig"] = "lrz", ["Lemio"] = "lei", ["Lemnian"] = "xle", ["Lemolang"] = "ley", ["Lemoro"] = "ldj", ["Lenakel"] = "tnl", ["Lendu"] = "led", ["Lengilu"] = "lgi", ["Lengo"] = "lgr", ["Lengola"] = "lej", ["Lenje"] = "leh", ["Lenkau"] = "ler", ["Lenyima"] = "ldg", ["Lepcha"] = "lep", ["Lepki"] = "lpe", ["Lepontic"] = "xlp", ["Lere"] = "gnh", ["Lese"] = "les", ["Lesing-Gelimi"] = "let", ["Letemboi"] = "nms", ["Leti"] = "lti", ["Levuka"] = "lvu", ["Lewo"] = "lww", ["Lewo Eleng"] = "lwe", ["Lewotobi"] = "lwt", ["Leyigha"] = "ayi", ["Lhao Vo"] = "mhx", ["Lhokpu"] = "lhp", ["Li'o"] = "ljl", ["Liabuku"] = "lix", ["Liana-Seti"] = "ste", ["Liangmai Naga"] = "njn", ["Liberia Kpelle"] = "xpe", ["Liberian Kreyol"] = "lir", ["Libido"] = "liq", ["Libinza"] = "liz", ["Libon Bikol"] = "lbl", ["Liburnian"] = "xli", ["Libyan Sign Language"] = "lbs", ["Ligbi"] = "lig", ["Ligenza"] = "lgz", ["Lihir"] = "lih", ["Lika"] = "lik", ["Liki"] = "lio", ["Likila"] = "lie", ["Likuba"] = "kxx", ["Likum"] = "lib", ["Likwala"] = "kwc", ["Lilau"] = "lll", ["Lillooet"] = "lil", ["Limassa"] = "bme", ["Limbum"] = "lmp", ["Limi"] = "ylm", ["Limilngan"] = "lmc", ["Limos Kalinga"] = "kmk", ["Linear A"] = "lab", ["Lingkhim"] = "lii", ["Lingua Franca Nova"] = "lfn", ["Linngithigh"] = "lnj", ["Lipan"] = "apl", ["Lipo"] = "lpo", ["Lisabata-Nuniali"] = "lcs", ["Lisela"] = "lcl", ["Lish"] = "lsh", ["Lishana Deni"] = "lsd", ["Lishanid Noshan"] = "aij", ["Lishán Didán"] = "trg", ["Lithuanian Sign Language"] = "lls", ["Little Swanport"] = "aus-lsw", ["Litzlitz"] = "lzl", ["Lizu"] = "sit-liz", ["Lo-Toga"] = "lht", ["Loarki"] = "lrk", ["Lobala"] = "loq", ["Lobi"] = "lob", ["Lodhi"] = "lbm", ["Logba"] = "lgq", ["Logo"] = "log", ["Logol"] = "lof", ["Logooli"] = "rag", ["Logorik"] = "liu", ["Lokaa"] = "yaz", ["Loko"] = "lok", ["Lokoya"] = "lky", ["Lola"] = "lcd", ["Lolak"] = "llq", ["Lole"] = "llg", ["Lolo"] = "llb", ["Loloda"] = "loa", ["Lolopo"] = "ycl", ["Loma"] = "lom", ["Lomaiviti"] = "lmv", ["Lomakka"] = "loi", ["Lomavren"] = "rmi", ["Lombi"] = "lmi", ["Lombo"] = "loo", ["Lomwe"] = "ngl", ["Loncong"] = "lce", ["Long Phuri Naga"] = "lpn", ["Long Wat"] = "ttw", ["Longgu"] = "lgu", ["Longjia"] = "sit-lnj", ["Longto"] = "wok", ["Longuda"] = "lnu", ["Longyan Min"] = "nan-lnx", ["Loniu"] = "los", ["Lonwolwol"] = "crc", ["Loo"] = "ldo", ["Lopa"] = "lop", ["Lope"] = "yiu", ["Lopi"] = "lov", ["Lopit"] = "lpx", ["Lorang"] = "lrn", ["Lorediakarkar"] = "lnn", ["Lorrain"] = "roa-lor", ["Lote"] = "uvl", ["Lotha Naga"] = "njh", ["Lotud"] = "dtr", ["Lotuko"] = "lot", ["Lou"] = "loj", ["Loun"] = "lox", ["Loup A"] = "xlo", ["Loup B"] = "xlb", ["Lovono"] = "vnk", ["Lower Burdekin"] = "xbb", ["Lower Chehalis"] = "cea", ["Lower Grand Valley Dani"] = "dni", ["Lower Nossob"] = "nsb", ["Lower Southern Aranda"] = "axl", ["Lower Ta'oih"] = "tto", ["Lower Tanana"] = "taa", ["Lowland Oaxaca Chontal"] = "clo", ["Lowland Tarahumara"] = "tac", ["Loxicha Zapotec"] = "ztp", ["Lozi"] = "loz", ["Luang"] = "lex", ["Luba-Kasai"] = "lua", ["Luba-Katanga"] = "lu", ["Lubila"] = "kcc", ["Lubu"] = "lcf", ["Lubuagan Kalinga"] = "knb", ["Luchazi"] = "lch", ["Lucumí"] = "luq", ["Ludian"] = "lud", ["Lufu"] = "ldq", ["Lugbara"] = "lgg", ["Luguru"] = "ruf", ["Luhu"] = "lcq", ["Luhya"] = "luy", ["Luimbi"] = "lum", ["Luiseño"] = "lui", ["Lukpa"] = "dop", ["Lule"] = "ule", ["Lumba-Yakkha"] = "luu", ["Lumbee"] = "lmz", ["Lumbu"] = "lup", ["Lumun"] = "lmd", ["Lun Bawang"] = "lnd", ["Luna"] = "luj", ["Lunanakha"] = "luk", ["Lunda"] = "lun", ["Lungga"] = "lga", ["Luo"] = "luo", ["Luopohe Hmong"] = "hml", ["Luren"] = "sit-lrn", ["Luri (Nigeria)"] = "ldd", ["Lusengo"] = "lse", ["Lushootseed"] = "lut", ["Lusi"] = "khl", ["Lusitanian"] = "xls", ["Lutachoni"] = "lts", ["Lutos"] = "ndy", ["Lutuv"] = "clt", ["Luvale"] = "lue", ["Luwati"] = "luv", ["Luwian"] = "xlu", ["Luwo"] = "lwo", ["Luyana"] = "lyn", ["Lwalu"] = "lwa", ["Lwel"] = "lvl", ["Lycian"] = "xlc", ["Lydian"] = "xld", ["Lyélé"] = "lee", ["Láadan"] = "ldn", ["Láá Láá Bwamu"] = "bwj", ["Löyöp"] = "urr", ["Ma"] = "msj", ["Ma Manda"] = "skc", ["Ma'anyan"] = "mhy", ["Ma'di"] = "mhi", ["Ma'ya"] = "slz", ["Maaka"] = "mew", ["Maale"] = "mdy", ["Maay"] = "ymm", ["Maba"] = "mqa", ["Mabaale"] = "mmz", ["Mabaan"] = "mfz", ["Mabaka Valley Kalinga"] = "kkg", ["Mabire"] = "muj", ["Maca"] = "mca", ["Macaguaje"] = "mcl", ["Macaguán"] = "mbn", ["Macau Pidgin Portuguese"] = "crp-mpp", ["Machame"] = "jmc", ["Machiguenga"] = "mcb", ["Machinere"] = "mpd", ["Machinga"] = "mvw", ["Macoris"] = "nai-mac", ["Macuna"] = "myy", ["Macushi"] = "mbc", ["Mada (Cameroon)"] = "mxu", ["Mada (Nigeria)"] = "mda", ["Madagascar Sign Language"] = "mzc", ["Madak"] = "mmx", ["Maden"] = "xmx", ["Madhi Madhi"] = "dmd", ["Madi"] = "grg", ["Madngele"] = "zml", ["Madukayang Kalinga"] = "kmd", ["Madurese"] = "mad", ["Maeng Itneg"] = "itt", ["Mafa"] = "maf", ["Mag-Anchi Ayta"] = "sgb", ["Mag-Indi Ayta"] = "blx", ["Magahat"] = "mtw", ["Magdalena Peñasco Mixtec"] = "xtm", ["Magiyi"] = "gmg", ["Magoma"] = "gmx", ["Magori"] = "zgr", ["Magɨ"] = "gkd", ["Mahali"] = "mjx", ["Mahasu Pahari"] = "bfz", ["Mahican"] = "mjy", ["Mahongwe"] = "mhb", ["Mahou"] = "mxx", ["Maiadomu"] = "mzz", ["Maiani"] = "tnh", ["Maii"] = "mmm", ["Mailu"] = "mgu", ["Maindo"] = "cwb", ["Maipure"] = "awd-mpr", ["Mairasi"] = "zrs", ["Maisin"] = "mbq", ["Maiwa (Indonesia)"] = "wmm", ["Maiwa (New Guinea)"] = "mti", ["Maiwala"] = "mum", ["Majang"] = "mpe", ["Majera"] = "xmj", ["Majhi"] = "mjz", ["Majhwar"] = "mmj", ["Mak (China)"] = "mkg", ["Mak (Nigeria)"] = "pbl", ["Makaa"] = "mcp", ["Makah"] = "myh", ["Makalero"] = "mjb", ["Makasae"] = "mkz", ["Makassar Malay"] = "mfp", ["Makayam"] = "aup", ["Makhuwa"] = "vmw", ["Makhuwa-Marrevone"] = "xmc", ["Makhuwa-Meetto"] = "mgh", ["Makhuwa-Moniga"] = "mhm", ["Makhuwa-Saka"] = "xsq", ["Makhuwa-Shirima"] = "vmk", ["Maklew"] = "mgf", ["Makolkol"] = "zmh", ["Makonde"] = "kde", ["Maku"] = "xak", ["Maku'a"] = "lva", ["Makuri Naga"] = "jmn", ["Makuráp"] = "mpu", ["Makwe"] = "ymk", ["Makyan Naga"] = "umn", ["Mal Paharia"] = "mkb", ["Mala (New Guinea)"] = "ped", ["Mala (Nigeria)"] = "ruy", ["Mala Malasar"] = "ima", ["Malaccan Creole Malay"] = "ccm", ["Malalamai"] = "mmt", ["Malalí"] = "sai-mal", ["Malango"] = "mln", ["Malankuravan"] = "mjo", ["Malapandaram"] = "mjp", ["Malaryan"] = "mjq", ["Malas"] = "mkr", ["Malasanga"] = "mqz", ["Malasar"] = "ymr", ["Malavedan"] = "mjr", ["Malawi Lomwe"] = "lon", ["Malawian Sign Language"] = "lws", ["Malayic Dayak"] = "xdy", ["Malaynon"] = "mlz", ["Malaysian Sign Language"] = "xml", ["Malba Birifor"] = "bfo", ["Male"] = "mdc", ["Malecite-Passamaquoddy"] = "pqm", ["Maleng"] = "pkt", ["Maleu-Kilenge"] = "mgl", ["Malfaxal"] = "mlx", ["Malgana"] = "vml", ["Malgbe"] = "mxf", ["Mali"] = "gcc", ["Malibu"] = "sai-mlb", ["Malila"] = "mgq", ["Malimba"] = "mzd", ["Malimpung"] = "mli", ["Malinaltepec Tlapanec"] = "tcf", ["Malol"] = "mbk", ["Maltese Sign Language"] = "mdl", ["Malua Bay"] = "mll", ["Malvi"] = "mup", ["Maléku Jaíka"] = "gut", ["Mam"] = "mam", ["Mama"] = "mma", ["Mamaa"] = "mhf", ["Mamaindé"] = "wmd", ["Mamanwa"] = "mmn", ["Mamara Senoufo"] = "myk", ["Mamasa"] = "mqj", ["Mambae"] = "mgm", ["Mambai"] = "mcs", ["Mamboru"] = "mvd", ["Mambwe-Lungu"] = "mgr", ["Mampruli"] = "maw", ["Mamuju"] = "mqx", ["Mamulique"] = "emm", ["Mamusi"] = "kdf", ["Mamvu"] = "mdi", ["Man Met"] = "mml", ["มลายูแบบมานาโด"] = "xmm", ["Manam"] = "mva", ["Manambu"] = "mle", ["Manangba"] = "nmm", ["Manangkari"] = "znk", ["Manao"] = "awd-man", ["Manda (Australia)"] = "zma", ["Manda (India)"] = "mha", ["Manda (Tanzania)"] = "mgs", ["Mandahuaca"] = "mht", ["Mandaic"] = "mid", ["Mandailing Batak"] = "btm", ["Mandalorian"] = "art-man", ["Mandan"] = "mhq", ["Mandandanyi"] = "zmk", ["Mandar"] = "mdr", ["Mandara"] = "tbf", ["Mandari"] = "mqu", ["Mandeali"] = "mjl", ["Mander"] = "mqr", ["Mandingo"] = "man", ["Mandinka"] = "mnk", ["Mandjak"] = "mfv", ["Mandobo Atas"] = "aax", ["Mandobo Bawah"] = "bwp", ["Manem"] = "jet", ["Mang"] = "zng", ["Mangala"] = "mem", ["Mangarayi"] = "mpc", ["Mangarevan"] = "mrv", ["Mangas"] = "zns", ["Mangayat"] = "myj", ["Mangbetu"] = "mdj", ["Mangbutu"] = "mdk", ["Mangerr"] = "zme", ["Mangga Buang"] = "mmo", ["Manggarai"] = "mqy", ["Mangghuer"] = "mjg-mgr", ["Mango"] = "mge", ["Mangole"] = "mqc", ["Mangseng"] = "mbh", ["Manigri-Kambolé Ede Nago"] = "xkb", ["Manikion"] = "mnx", ["Manipa"] = "mqp", ["Mankanya"] = "knf", ["Mankiyali"] = "nlm", ["Manna-Dora"] = "mju", ["Mannan"] = "mjv", ["Mano"] = "mev", ["Manombai"] = "woo", ["Mansaka"] = "msk", ["Mansoanka"] = "msw", ["Manta"] = "myg", ["Mantsi"] = "nty", ["Manumanaw Karen"] = "kxf", ["Manus Koro"] = "kxr", ["Manusela"] = "wha", ["Manya"] = "mzj", ["Manyawa"] = "mny", ["Manza"] = "mzv", ["Mao Naga"] = "nbi", ["Maonan"] = "mmd", ["Maore Comorian"] = "swb", ["Mape"] = "mlh", ["Mapena"] = "mnm", ["Mapia"] = "mpy", ["Mapidian"] = "mpw", ["Mapos Buang"] = "bzh", ["Mapoyo"] = "mcg", ["Mapudungun"] = "arn", ["Mapun"] = "sjm", ["Mara"] = "mec", ["Mara Chin"] = "mrh", ["Marachi"] = "lri", ["Maraghei"] = "vmh", ["Maragus"] = "mrs", ["Maram Naga"] = "nma", ["Marama"] = "lrm", ["Maranungku"] = "zmr", ["Mararit"] = "mgb", ["Maratino"] = "sai-mar", ["Marau"] = "mvr", ["Marawan"] = "awd-mar", ["Marba"] = "mpg", ["Marenje"] = "vmr", ["Marfa"] = "mvu", ["Margany"] = "zmc", ["Marghi South"] = "mfm", ["Margi"] = "mrt", ["Maria"] = "mds", ["Mariaté"] = "awd-mrt", ["Maricopa"] = "mrc", ["Maridan"] = "zmd", ["Maridjabin"] = "zmj", ["Marik"] = "dad", ["Marimanindji"] = "zmm", ["Marind"] = "mrz", ["Maring"] = "mbw", ["Maring Naga"] = "nng", ["Maringarr"] = "zmt", ["Mariri"] = "mqi", ["Maritime Sign Language"] = "nsr", ["Maritsauá"] = "msp", ["Mariupol Greek"] = "grk-mar", ["Mariyedi"] = "zmy", ["Marka"] = "rkm", ["Markweeta"] = "enb", ["Marma"] = "rmz", ["Maroon Spirit Language"] = "crp-mar", ["Marovo"] = "mvo", ["Marrgu"] = "mhg", ["Marriammu"] = "xru", ["Marrithiyel"] = "mfr", ["Marrucinian"] = "umc", ["Marsian"] = "ims", ["Martha's Vineyard Sign Language"] = "mre", ["Marti Ke"] = "zmg", ["Martu Wangka"] = "mpj", ["Martuthunira"] = "vma", ["Marúbo"] = "mzr", ["Masaba"] = "myx", ["Masadiit Itneg"] = "tis", ["Masakará"] = "sai-msk", ["Masalit"] = "mls", ["Masana"] = "mcn", ["Masbate Sorsogon"] = "bks", ["Mashco Piro"] = "cuj", ["Mashi"] = "mho", ["Masimasi"] = "ism", ["Masiwang"] = "bnf", ["Maskelynes"] = "klv", ["Maslam"] = "msv", ["Masmaje"] = "mes", ["Massachusett"] = "wam", ["Massalat"] = "mdg", ["Massep"] = "mvs", ["Matagalpa"] = "mtn", ["Matal"] = "mfh", ["Matanawi"] = "sai-mat", ["Matbat"] = "xmt", ["Matengo"] = "mgv", ["Matepi"] = "mqe", ["Matigsalug Manobo"] = "mbt", ["Matipuhy"] = "mzo", ["Matlatzinca"] = "mat", ["Mato"] = "met", ["Mator"] = "mtm", ["Matsés"] = "mcf", ["Mattole"] = "mvb", ["Matukar"] = "mjk", ["Matumbi"] = "mgw", ["Matya Samo"] = "stj", ["Matís"] = "mpq", ["Maung"] = "mph", ["Mauritian Sign Language"] = "lsy", ["Mauwake"] = "mhl", ["Mav̋ea"] = "mkv", ["Mawa"] = "mcw", ["Mawak"] = "mjj", ["Mawan"] = "mcz", ["Mawayana"] = "mzx", ["Mawchi"] = "mke", ["Mawes"] = "mgk", ["Maxakalí"] = "mbl", ["Maxi Gbe"] = "mxl", ["Maya Samo"] = "sym", ["Mayaguduna"] = "xmy", ["Mayangna"] = "yan", ["Mayawali"] = "yxa", ["Maybrat"] = "ayz", ["Mayeka"] = "myc", ["Mayi-Thakurti"] = "xyt", ["Maykulan"] = "mnt", ["Maynas"] = "sai-mys", ["Mayo"] = "mfy", ["Mayogo"] = "mdm", ["Mayoyao Ifugao"] = "ifu", ["Mazagway"] = "dkx", ["Mazaltepec Zapotec"] = "zpy", ["Mazatlán Mazatec"] = "vmz", ["Mazatlán Mixe"] = "mzl", ["Mba"] = "mfc", ["Mbabaram"] = "vmb", ["Mbala"] = "mdp", ["Mbalanhu"] = "lnb", ["Mbandja"] = "zmz", ["Mbangala"] = "mxg", ["Mbangi"] = "mgn", ["Mbangwe"] = "zmn", ["Mbara (Australia)"] = "mvl", ["Mbara (Chad)"] = "mpk", ["Mbariman-Gudhinma"] = "zmv", ["Mbati"] = "mdn", ["Mbato"] = "gwa", ["Mbay"] = "myb", ["Mbe"] = "mfo", ["Mbe'"] = "mtk", ["Mbelime"] = "mql", ["Mbere"] = "mdt", ["Mbesa"] = "zms", ["Mbiywom"] = "aus-mbi", ["Mbo (Cameroon)"] = "mbo", ["Mbo (Congo)"] = "zmw", ["Mboi"] = "moi", ["Mboko"] = "mdu", ["Mbole"] = "mdq", ["Mbonga"] = "xmb", ["Mbongno"] = "bgu", ["Mbosi"] = "mdw", ["Mbowe"] = "mxo", ["Mbre"] = "mka", ["Mbu'"] = "muc", ["Mbudum"] = "xmd", ["Mbugu"] = "mhd", ["Mbugwe"] = "mgz", ["Mbuko"] = "mqb", ["Mbukushu"] = "mhw", ["Mbula"] = "mna", ["Mbula-Bwazza"] = "mbu", ["Mbule"] = "mlb", ["Mbulungish"] = "mbv", ["Mbum"] = "mdd", ["Mbunda"] = "mck", ["Mbunga"] = "mgy", ["Mburku"] = "bbt", ["Mbuun"] = "zmp", ["Mbwela"] = "mfu", ["Mbya Guarani"] = "gun", ["Me'en"] = "mym", ["Mebu"] = "mjn", ["Mecayapan Nahuatl"] = "nhx", ["Medebur"] = "mjm", ["Medefaidrin"] = "dmf", ["Media Lengua"] = "mue", ["Mednyj Aleut"] = "mud", ["Medumba"] = "byv", ["Mefele"] = "mfj", ["Megam"] = "mef", ["Megleno-Romanian"] = "ruq", ["Mehek"] = "nux", ["Mehináku"] = "mmh", ["Mehri"] = "gdq", ["Mekeo"] = "mek", ["Mekmek"] = "mvk", ["Mekwei"] = "msf", ["Mekéns"] = "skf", ["Mel-Khaonh"] = "hkn", ["Mele-Fila"] = "mxe", ["Melo"] = "mfx", ["Melpa"] = "med", ["Memoni"] = "mby", ["Mendalam Kayan"] = "xkd", ["Mendankwe-Nkwen"] = "mfd", ["Mende"] = "men", ["Mengaka"] = "xmg", ["Mengen"] = "mee", ["Mengisa"] = "leo", ["Menien"] = "sai-men", ["Menka"] = "mea", ["Menominee"] = "mez", ["Mentawai"] = "mwv", ["Menya"] = "mcr", ["Meoswar"] = "mvx", ["Mer"] = "mnu", ["Meramera"] = "mxm", ["Merei"] = "lmb", ["Merey"] = "meq", ["Meriam"] = "ulk", ["Meroitic"] = "xmr", ["Meru"] = "mer", ["Mesaka"] = "iyo", ["Mese"] = "mci", ["Mesme"] = "zim", ["Mesmes"] = "mys", ["Mesqan"] = "mvz", ["Messapic"] = "cms", ["Meta'"] = "mgo", ["Metlatónoc Mixtec"] = "mxv", ["Mewati"] = "wtm", ["Mexican Sign Language"] = "mfs", ["Meyah"] = "mej", ["Mezontla Popoloca"] = "pbe", ["Mezquital Otomi"] = "ote", ["Meänkieli"] = "fit", ["Mfinu"] = "zmf", ["Mfumte"] = "nfu", ["Mgbo"] = "gmz", ["Mi'kmaq"] = "mic", ["Miami"] = "mia", ["Mian"] = "mpt", ["Miani"] = "pla", ["Micha"] = "yiq", ["Michif"] = "crg", ["Michigamea"] = "cmm", ["Michoacán Mazahua"] = "mmc", ["Michoacán Nahuatl"] = "ncl", ["Mid Grand Valley Dani"] = "dnt", ["Mid-Southern Banda"] = "bjo", ["Middle Cornish"] = "cnx", ["Middle Kannada"] = "dra-mkn", ["Middle Median"] = "xme-mid", ["Middle Scots"] = "gmw-msc", ["Middle Watut"] = "mpl", ["Midob"] = "mei", ["Migaama"] = "mmy", ["Migabac"] = "mpp", ["Miji"] = "sjl", ["Miju"] = "mxj", ["Mikasuki"] = "mik", ["Milang"] = "tbq-mil", ["Mili"] = "ymh", ["Millcayac"] = "sai-mil", ["Miltu"] = "mlj", ["Miluk"] = "iml", ["Milyan"] = "imy", ["Mimi of Decorse"] = "mis-mmd", ["Mimi of Nachtigal"] = "mis-mmn", ["Mina"] = "hna", ["Minaean"] = "inm", ["Minang"] = "xrg", ["Minaveha"] = "mvn", ["Minderico"] = "drc", ["Mindiri"] = "mpn", ["Mingang Doso"] = "mko", ["Mingo"] = "iro-min", ["Minica Huitoto"] = "hto", ["Minidien"] = "wii", ["Minigir"] = "vmg", ["Minjungbal"] = "xjb", ["Minkin"] = "xxm", ["Minokok"] = "mqq", ["Minriq"] = "mnq", ["Mintil"] = "mzt", ["Miraya Bikol"] = "rbl", ["Mire"] = "mvh", ["Mirgan"] = "zrg", ["Miriti"] = "mmv", ["Miriwoong Sign Language"] = "rsm", ["Miriwung"] = "mep", ["Mirning"] = "gmr", ["Mirpur Panjabi"] = "pmu", ["Misantla Totonac"] = "tlc", ["Miship"] = "mjs", ["Misima-Paneati"] = "mpx", ["Mising"] = "mrg", ["Miskito"] = "miq", ["Mitla Zapotec"] = "zaw", ["Mitlatongo Mixtec"] = "vmm", ["Mittu"] = "mwu", ["Mituku"] = "zmq", ["Miu"] = "mpo", ["Miwa"] = "vmi", ["Mixed Great Andamanese"] = "gac", ["Mixifore"] = "mfg", ["Mixtepec Mixtec"] = "mix", ["Mixtepec Zapotec"] = "zpm", ["Miya"] = "mkf", ["Miyobe"] = "soy", ["Mlabri"] = "mra", ["Mlahsö"] = "lhs", ["Mlap"] = "kja", ["Mlomp"] = "mlo", ["Mmaala"] = "mmu", ["Mmani"] = "buy", ["Mmen"] = "bfm", ["Mo"] = "wkd", ["Mo'da"] = "gbn", ["Moba"] = "mfq", ["Mobilian"] = "mod", ["Mobu"] = "ahm", ["Mocana"] = "sai-mcn", ["Mochi"] = "old", ["Mochica"] = "omc", ["Mocho"] = "mhc", ["Mocoví"] = "moc", ["Modang"] = "mxd", ["Modole"] = "mqo", ["Moere"] = "mvq", ["Mofu-Gudur"] = "mif", ["Mogholi"] = "mhj", ["Mogum"] = "mou", ["Mohawk"] = "moh", ["Mohegan-Pequot"] = "xpq", ["Moi (Congo)"] = "mow", ["Moi (Indonesia)"] = "mxn", ["Moikodi"] = "mkp", ["Moingi"] = "mwz", ["Mojave"] = "mov", ["Moji"] = "ymi", ["Mok"] = "mqt", ["Moken"] = "mwt", ["Mokerang"] = "mft", ["Moklen"] = "mkm", ["Mokole"] = "mkl", ["Mokpwe"] = "bri", ["Molale"] = "mbe", ["Molbog"] = "pwm", ["Moldova Sign Language"] = "vsi", ["Molengue"] = "bxc", ["Molima"] = "mox", ["Molmo One"] = "aun", ["Molo"] = "zmo", ["Molof"] = "msl", ["Moloko"] = "mlw", ["Mom Jango"] = "ver", ["Moma"] = "myl", ["Momare"] = "msz", ["Mombo Dogon"] = "dmb", ["Mombum"] = "mso", ["Momina"] = "mmb", ["Momuna"] = "mqf", ["Monastic Sign Language"] = "mzg", ["Mondropolon"] = "npn", ["Mondé"] = "mnd", ["Mongghul"] = "mjg-mgl", ["Mongo"] = "lol", ["Mongol"] = "mgt", ["Mongolian Sign Language"] = "msr", ["Mongondow"] = "mog", ["Moni"] = "mnz", ["Monimbo"] = "mom", ["Mono (California)"] = "mnr", ["Mono (Cameroon)"] = "mru", ["Mono (Congo)"] = "mnh", ["Monom"] = "moo", ["Monsang Naga"] = "nmh", ["Montana Salish"] = "fla", ["Montol"] = "mtl", ["Monumbo"] = "mxk", ["Monzombo"] = "moj", ["Moo"] = "gwg", ["Moore"] = "mos", ["Moose Cree"] = "crm", ["Mopan Maya"] = "mop", ["Mor (Austronesian)"] = "mhz", ["Mor (Papuan)"] = "moq", ["Moraid"] = "msg", ["Moran"] = "tbq-mor", ["Morawa"] = "mze", ["Morelos Nahuatl"] = "nhm", ["Morerebi"] = "xmo", ["Moresada"] = "msx", ["Mori Atas"] = "mzq", ["Mori Bawah"] = "xmz", ["Morigi"] = "mdb", ["Moro"] = "mor", ["Moroccan Amazigh"] = "zgh", ["Moroccan Sign Language"] = "xms", ["Morokodo"] = "mgc", ["Morom"] = "bdo", ["Moronene"] = "mqn", ["Morori"] = "mok", ["Morouas"] = "mrp", ["Mortlockese"] = "mrl", ["Moru"] = "mgd", ["Mosimo"] = "mqv", ["Moskona"] = "mtj", ["Mota"] = "mtt", ["Motembo"] = "tmv", ["Motu"] = "meu", ["Mouk-Aria"] = "mwh", ["Mount Iraya Agta"] = "atl", ["Mount Iriga Agta"] = "agz", ["Mountain Koiari"] = "kpx", ["Mouwase"] = "jmw", ["Movima"] = "mzp", ["Moyadan Itneg"] = "ity", ["Moyon Naga"] = "nmo", ["Mozambican Sign Language"] = "mzy", ["Mozarabic"] = "mxi", ["Mpade"] = "mpi", ["Mpalitjanh"] = "xpj", ["Mpi"] = "mpz", ["Mpiemo"] = "mcx", ["Mpiin"] = "bnt-mpi", ["Mpinda"] = "pnd", ["Mpongmpong"] = "mgg", ["Mpoto"] = "mpa", ["Mpotovoro"] = "mvt", ["Mpuono"] = "bnt-mpu", ["Mpur"] = "akc", ["Mro Chin"] = "cmr", ["Mru"] = "mro", ["Mser"] = "kqx", ["Muak Sa-aak"] = "ukk", ["Mualang"] = "mtd", ["Mubami"] = "tsx", ["Mubi"] = "mub", ["Mucuchí"] = "sai-muc", ["Muda"] = "ymd", ["Mudburra"] = "dmw", ["Mudu Koraga"] = "vmd", ["Muduapa"] = "wiv", ["Muduga"] = "udg", ["Muellama"] = "sai-mue", ["Mufian"] = "aoj", ["Muher"] = "sem-mhr", ["Muinane"] = "bmr", ["Mukha-Dora"] = "mmk", ["Mukulu"] = "moz", ["Mulaha"] = "mfw", ["Mulam"] = "mlm", ["Mulao"] = "giu", ["Mullu Kurumba"] = "kpb", ["Mullukmulluk"] = "mpb", ["Muluridyi"] = "vmu", ["Mum"] = "kqa", ["Mumuye"] = "mzm", ["Muna"] = "mnb", ["Munda"] = "unx", ["Mundabli"] = "boe", ["Mundang"] = "mua", ["Mundani"] = "mnf", ["Mundari"] = "unr", ["Mundat"] = "mmf", ["Mundolinco"] = "art-mun", ["Mundurukú"] = "myu", ["Mungaka"] = "mhk", ["Mungbam"] = "mij", ["Munggui"] = "mth", ["Mungkip"] = "mpv", ["Muniche"] = "myr", ["Munit"] = "mtc", ["Munji"] = "mnj", ["Munsee"] = "umu", ["Mur Pano"] = "tkv", ["Muratayak"] = "asx", ["Murik (Malaysia)"] = "mxr", ["Murik (New Guinea)"] = "mtf", ["Murkim"] = "rmh", ["Murle"] = "mur", ["Murrinh-Patha"] = "mwf", ["Mursi"] = "muz", ["Murui Huitoto"] = "huu", ["Murupi"] = "mqw", ["Muruwari"] = "zmu", ["Musan"] = "mmp", ["Musar"] = "mmi", ["Musasa"] = "smm", ["Musey"] = "mse", ["Musgu"] = "mug", ["Muskum"] = "mje", ["Musom"] = "msu", ["Mussau-Emira"] = "emi", ["Muthuvan"] = "muv", ["Mutu"] = "tuc", ["Muya"] = "mvm", ["Muyang"] = "muy", ["Muyuw"] = "myw", ["Muzi"] = "ymz", ["Muzo"] = "sai-muz", ["Mvanip"] = "mcj", ["Mvuba"] = "mxh", ["Mwaghavul"] = "sur", ["Mwali Comorian"] = "wlc", ["Mwan"] = "moa", ["Mwatebu"] = "mwa", ["Mwera"] = "mwe", ["Mwerlap"] = "mrm", ["Mwimbi-Muthambi"] = "mws", ["Mwotlap"] = "mlv", ["Myene"] = "mye", ["Mysian"] = "yms", ["Mzieme Naga"] = "nme", ["Mághdì"] = "gmd", ["Mün Chin"] = "mwq", ["Mündü"] = "muh", ["N'Ko"] = "nqo", ["Na"] = "nbt", ["Naaba"] = "nao", ["Naba"] = "mne", ["Nabak"] = "naf", ["Nabi"] = "mty", ["Nachering"] = "ncd", ["Nadruvian"] = "ndf", ["Nadëb"] = "mbj", ["Nafaanra"] = "nfr", ["Nafi"] = "srf", ["Nafri"] = "nxx", ["Naga Pidgin"] = "nag", ["Nagarchal"] = "nbg", ["Nage"] = "nxe", ["Nagtipunan Agta"] = "phi-nag", ["Nagu"] = "ngr", ["Nagumi"] = "ngv", ["Nahali"] = "nlx", ["Nahari"] = "nhh", ["Nahavaq"] = "sns", ["Nai"] = "bio", ["Najdi Arabic"] = "ars", ["Naka'ela"] = "nae", ["Nakai"] = "nkj", ["Nakame"] = "nib", ["Nakanai"] = "nak", ["Nakara"] = "nck", ["Nake"] = "nbk", ["Naki"] = "mff", ["Nakwi"] = "nax", ["Nalca"] = "nlc", ["Nali"] = "nss", ["Nalik"] = "nal", ["Nalu"] = "naj", ["Nalögo"] = "nlz", ["Namakura"] = "nmk", ["Namat"] = "nkm", ["Nambikwara"] = "nab", ["Nambo"] = "ncm", ["Nambya"] = "nmq", ["Namia"] = "nnm", ["Namiae"] = "nvm", ["Namibian Sign Language"] = "nbs", ["Namla"] = "naa", ["Namo"] = "mxw", ["Namonuito"] = "nmt", ["Namosi-Naitasiri-Serua"] = "bwb", ["Namuyi"] = "nmy", ["Nanai"] = "gld", ["Nancere"] = "nnc", ["Nande"] = "nnb", ["Nandi"] = "niq", ["Nanerigé Sénoufo"] = "sen", ["Nanga Dama Dogon"] = "nzz", ["Nankina"] = "nnk", ["Nanti"] = "cox", ["Nanticoke"] = "nnt", ["Nanubae"] = "afk", ["Naolan"] = "nai-nao", ["Napu"] = "npy", ["Nar Phu"] = "npa", ["Nara"] = "nrb", ["Narak"] = "nac", ["Narango"] = "nrg", ["Narim"] = "loh", ["Naro"] = "nhr", ["Narom"] = "nrm", ["Narragansett"] = "xnt", ["Narua"] = "nru", ["Narungga"] = "nnr", ["Naruo"] = "ylo", ["Nasal"] = "nsy", ["Nasarian"] = "nvh", ["Nasioi"] = "nas", ["Naskapi"] = "nsk", ["Nasu"] = "ywq", ["Natagaimas"] = "nts", ["Natchez"] = "ncz", ["Nateni"] = "ntm", ["Natioro"] = "nti", ["Natú"] = "sai-nat", ["Natügu"] = "ntu", ["Nauete"] = "nxa", ["Naukanski"] = "ynk", ["Nauna"] = "ncn", ["Nauo"] = "nwo", ["Navut"] = "nsw", ["Nawaru"] = "nwr", ["Nawathinehena"] = "nwa", ["Nawdm"] = "nmz", ["Nawuri"] = "naw", ["Naxi"] = "nxq", ["Nayi"] = "noz", ["Naʼvi"] = "art-nav", ["Ncane"] = "ncr", ["Nchumbulu"] = "nlu", ["Nda'nda'"] = "nnz", ["Ndai"] = "gke", ["Ndaka"] = "ndk", ["Ndali"] = "ndh", ["Ndam"] = "ndm", ["Ndamba"] = "ndj", ["Ndambomo"] = "nxo", ["Ndasa"] = "nda", ["Ndau"] = "ndc", ["Nde-Gbite"] = "ned", ["Nde-Nsele-Nta"] = "ndd", ["Ndemli"] = "nml", ["Ndendeule"] = "dne", ["Ndengereko"] = "ndg", ["Nding"] = "eli", ["Ndjébbana"] = "djj", ["Ndo"] = "ndp", ["Ndobo"] = "ndw", ["Ndoe"] = "nbb", ["Ndogo"] = "ndz", ["Ndolo"] = "ndl", ["Ndom"] = "nqm", ["Ndombe"] = "ndq", ["Ndonga"] = "ng", ["Ndoola"] = "ndr", ["Ndrulo"] = "dno", ["Nduga"] = "ndx", ["Ndumu"] = "nmd", ["Ndunda"] = "nuh", ["Ndunga"] = "ndt", ["Ndut"] = "ndv", ["Ndyuka-Trio Pidgin"] = "njt", ["Ndzwani Comorian"] = "wni", ["Nedebang"] = "nec", ["Nefamese"] = "nef", ["Nefusa"] = "jbn", ["Negeri Sembilan Malay"] = "zmi", ["Negidal"] = "neg", ["Nehan"] = "nsn", ["Nek"] = "nif", ["Nekgini"] = "nkg", ["Neko"] = "nej", ["Neku"] = "nek", ["Neme"] = "nex", ["Nemi"] = "nem", ["Nen"] = "nqn", ["Nend"] = "anh", ["Nengone"] = "nen", ["Neo"] = "neu", ["Nepali Kurux"] = "kxl", ["Nete"] = "net", ["Neve'ei"] = "vnm", ["Neverver"] = "lgk", ["New River Shasta"] = "nai-nrs", ["New Zealand Sign Language"] = "nzs", ["Neyo"] = "ney", ["Nez Perce"] = "nez", ["Nga La"] = "hlt", ["Ngaanyatjarra"] = "ntj", ["Ngadha"] = "nxg", ["Ngadjunmaya"] = "nju", ["Ngadjuri"] = "jui", ["Ngaing"] = "nnf", ["Ngaju"] = "nij", ["Ngala"] = "nud", ["Ngalakan"] = "nig", ["Ngalkbun"] = "ngk", ["Ngalum"] = "szb", ["Ngam"] = "nmc", ["Ngamambo"] = "nbv", ["Ngambay"] = "sba", ["Ngamini"] = "nmv", ["Ngamo"] = "nbh", ["Ngan'gityemerri"] = "nam", ["Nganakarti"] = "xnk", ["Nganasan"] = "nio", ["Ngandi"] = "nid", ["Ngando (Central African Republic)"] = "ngd", ["Ngando (Congo)"] = "nxd", ["Ngandyera"] = "nne", ["Ngangam"] = "gng", ["Ngantangarra"] = "ntg", ["Nganyaywana"] = "nyx", ["Ngardi"] = "rxd", ["Ngarigu"] = "xni", ["Ngarinman"] = "nbj", ["Ngarinyin"] = "ung", ["Ngarla"] = "nrk", ["Ngarluma"] = "nrl", ["Ngarrindjeri"] = "nay", ["Ngas"] = "anc", ["Ngasa"] = "nsg", ["Ngatik Men's Creole"] = "ngm", ["Ngawn Chin"] = "cnw", ["Ngawun"] = "nxn", ["Ngazidja Comorian"] = "zdj", ["Ngbaka"] = "nga", ["Ngbaka Ma'bo"] = "nbm", ["Ngbaka Manza"] = "ngg", ["Ngbee"] = "jgb", ["Ngbinda"] = "nbd", ["Ngbundu"] = "nuu", ["Ngelima"] = "agh", ["Ngemba"] = "nge", ["Ngen of Djonkro"] = "gnj", ["Ngendelengo"] = "nql", ["Ngeq"] = "ngt", ["Ngete"] = "nnn", ["Nggem"] = "nbq", ["Nggwahyi"] = "ngx", ["Ngie"] = "ngj", ["Ngiemboon"] = "nnh", ["Ngile"] = "jle", ["Ngindo"] = "nnq", ["Ngiti"] = "niy", ["Ngiyambaa"] = "wyb", ["Ngizim"] = "ngi", ["Ngkoth"] = "aus-ngk", ["Ngkâlmpw Kanum"] = "kcd", ["Ngochang"] = "tbq-ngo", ["Ngom"] = "nra", ["Ngomba"] = "jgo", ["Ngombale"] = "nla", ["Ngombe (Central African Republic)"] = "nmj", ["Ngombe (Congo)"] = "ngc", ["Ngong"] = "nnx", ["Ngongo"] = "noq", ["Ngoni"] = "ngo", ["Ngoreme"] = "ngq", ["Ngoshie"] = "nsh", ["Ngul"] = "nlo", ["Ngulu"] = "ngp", ["Nguluwan"] = "nuw", ["Ngumbi"] = "nui", ["Ngunawal"] = "xul", ["Ngundi"] = "ndn", ["Ngundu"] = "nue", ["Ngungwel"] = "ngz", ["Ngurmbur"] = "nrx", ["Ngwaba"] = "ngw", ["Ngwe"] = "nwe", ["Ngwo"] = "ngn", ["Ngäbere"] = "gym", ["Nhanda"] = "nha", ["Nheengatu"] = "yrl", ["Nhirrpi"] = "hrp", ["Nhuwala"] = "nhf", ["Nias"] = "nia", ["Nicaraguan Creole"] = "bzk", ["Nicaraguan Sign Language"] = "ncs", ["Nicola"] = "ath-nic", ["Niellim"] = "nie", ["Nigeria Mambila"] = "mzk", ["Nigerian Pidgin"] = "pcm", ["Nigerian Sign Language"] = "nsi", ["Nihali"] = "nll", ["Nii"] = "nii", ["Niksek"] = "gbe", ["Nila"] = "nil", ["Nilamba"] = "nim", ["Nimadi"] = "noe", ["Nimanbur"] = "nmp", ["Nimbari"] = "nmr", ["Nimboran"] = "nir", ["Nimi"] = "nis", ["Nimo"] = "niw", ["Nimoa"] = "nmw", ["Ninam"] = "shb", ["Nindi"] = "nxi", ["Ningera"] = "nby", ["Ninggerum"] = "nxr", ["Ningil"] = "niz", ["Ninia Yali"] = "nlk", ["Ninzo"] = "nin", ["Nipsan"] = "nps", ["Nisa"] = "njs", ["Nisenan"] = "nsz", ["Nisga'a"] = "ncg", ["Nisi"] = "yso", ["Niuafo'ou"] = "num", ["Niuatoputapu"] = "nkp", ["Nivaclé"] = "cag", ["Nivkh"] = "niv", ["Niwer Mil"] = "hrc", ["Niya Prakrit"] = "pra-niy", ["Njalgulgule"] = "njl", ["Njebi"] = "nzb", ["Njen"] = "njj", ["Njerep"] = "njr", ["Njyem"] = "njy", ["Nkami"] = "nkq", ["Nkangala"] = "nkn", ["Nkari"] = "nkz", ["Nkem-Nkum"] = "isi", ["Nkhumbi"] = "khu", ["Nkongho"] = "nkc", ["Nkonya"] = "nko", ["Nkoroo"] = "nkx", ["Nkoya"] = "nka", ["Nkukoli"] = "nbo", ["Nkutu"] = "nkw", ["Nnam"] = "nbp", ["Noakhali"] = "oak", ["Nobiin"] = "fia", ["Nobonob"] = "gaw", ["Nocamán"] = "nom", ["Nocte"] = "njb", ["Nogai"] = "nog", ["Noiri"] = "noi", ["Nokuku"] = "nkk", ["Nomaande"] = "lem", ["Nomane"] = "nof", ["Nomatsiguenga"] = "not", ["Nomlaki"] = "nol", ["Nomu"] = "noh", ["Nonuya"] = "noj", ["Nooksack"] = "nok", ["Noon"] = "snf", ["Noone"] = "nhu", ["Nootka"] = "nuk", ["Nopala Chatino"] = "cya", ["Noric"] = "nrc", ["Norn"] = "nrn", ["Norra"] = "nrr", ["North Ambrym"] = "mmg", ["North Asmat"] = "nks", ["North Awyu"] = "yir", ["North Babar"] = "bcd", ["North Boma"] = "boh", ["North Central Mixe"] = "neq", ["North Efate"] = "llp", ["North Fali"] = "fll", ["North Giziga"] = "gis", ["North Levantine Arabic"] = "apc", ["North Marquesan"] = "mrq", ["North Mofu"] = "mfk", ["มลายูแบบโมลุกกะเหนือ"] = "max", ["North Muyu"] = "kti", ["North Nuaulu"] = "nni", ["North Picene"] = "nrp", ["North Slavey"] = "scs", ["North Tairora"] = "tbg", ["North Tanna"] = "tnn", ["North Wahgi"] = "whg", ["North Watut"] = "una", ["Northeast Kiwai"] = "kiw", ["Northeast Maidu"] = "nmu", ["Northeast Malakula"] = "upv", ["Northeast Pashayi"] = "aee", ["Northeastern Dinka"] = "dip", ["Northeastern Pomo"] = "pef", ["Northern Alta"] = "aqn", ["Northern Bontoc"] = "rbk", ["Northern Catanduanes Bicolano"] = "cts", ["Northern Dagara"] = "dgi", ["Northern East Cree"] = "crl", ["Northern Emberá"] = "emp", ["Northern Ghale"] = "ghh", ["Northern Grebo"] = "gbo", ["Northern Guiyang Hmong"] = "huj", ["Northern Haida"] = "hdn", ["Northern Hindko"] = "hno", ["Northern Huishui Hmong"] = "hmi", ["Northern Kalapuya"] = "nrt", ["Northern Khanty"] = "kca-nor", ["Northern Kissi"] = "kqs", ["Northern Lorung"] = "lbr", ["Northern Luri"] = "lrc", ["Northern Mansi"] = "mns-nor", ["Northern Mashan Hmong"] = "hmp", ["Northern Muji"] = "ymx", ["Northern Ndebele"] = "nd", ["Northern Ngbandi"] = "ngb", ["Northern Nisu"] = "yiv", ["Northern Nuni"] = "nuv", ["Northern Oaxaca Nahuatl"] = "nhy", ["Northern Ohlone"] = "cst", ["Northern One"] = "onr", ["Northern Paiute"] = "pao", ["Northern Pame"] = "pmq", ["Northern Pomo"] = "pej", ["Northern Puebla Nahuatl"] = "ncj", ["Northern Pumi"] = "pmi", ["Northern Qiandong Miao"] = "hea", ["Northern Qiang"] = "cng", ["Northern Rengma Naga"] = "nnl", ["Northern Roglai"] = "rog", ["Northern Saharan Berber"] = "mzb", ["Northern Selkup"] = "sel-nor", ["Northern Sierra Miwok"] = "nsq", ["Northern Subanen"] = "stb", ["Northern Tarahumara"] = "thh", ["Northern Tepehuan"] = "ntp", ["Northern Tidung"] = "ntd", ["Northern Tlaxiaco Mixtec"] = "xtn", ["Northern Toussian"] = "tsp", ["Northern Tujia"] = "tji", ["Northern Tutchone"] = "ttm", ["Northern Valley Yokuts"] = "yok-nvy", ["Northern Yukaghir"] = "ykg", ["Northwest Gbaya"] = "gya", ["Northwest Maidu"] = "mjd", ["Northwest Oaxaca Mixtec"] = "mxa", ["Northwest Pashayi"] = "glh", ["Northwestern Dinka"] = "diw", ["Northwestern Fars"] = "faz", ["Northwestern Ojibwa"] = "ojb", ["Northwestern Tamang"] = "tmk", ["Norwegian Sign Language"] = "nsl", ["Notre"] = "bly", ["Notsi"] = "ncf", ["Nottoway"] = "ntw", ["Nottoway-Meherrin"] = "nwy", ["Noy"] = "noy", ["Nsari"] = "asj", ["Nsenga"] = "nse", ["Nshi"] = "nsc", ["Nsong"] = "soo", ["Nsongo"] = "nsx", ["Ntcham"] = "bud", ["Ntomba"] = "nto", ["Ntra'ngith"] = "dgt", ["Nubaca"] = "baf", ["Nubi"] = "kcn", ["Nuer"] = "nus", ["Nuguria"] = "nur", ["Nuk"] = "noc", ["Nukak Makú"] = "mbr", ["Nukna"] = "klt", ["Nukuini"] = "nuc", ["Nukumanu"] = "nuq", ["Nukunu"] = "nnv", ["Nukunul"] = "xnu", ["Nukuoro"] = "nkr", ["Numana"] = "nbr", ["Numanggang"] = "nop", ["Numbami"] = "sij", ["Nume"] = "tgs", ["Numidian"] = "nxm", ["Numèè"] = "kdk", ["Nungali"] = "nug", ["Nunggubuyu"] = "nuy", ["Nungon"] = "paa-nun", ["Nungu"] = "rin", ["Nupbikha"] = "npb", ["Nupe"] = "nup", ["Nusa Laut"] = "nul", ["Nusu"] = "nuf", ["Nutabe"] = "cba-nut", ["Nyabwa"] = "nwb", ["Nyagrong Minyag"] = "ero-nya", ["Nyaheun"] = "nev", ["Nyakyusa"] = "nyy", ["Nyali"] = "nlj", ["Nyam"] = "nmi", ["Nyamal"] = "nly", ["Nyambo"] = "now", ["Nyamusa-Molo"] = "nwm", ["Nyamwanga"] = "mwn", ["Nyamwezi"] = "nym", ["Nyaneka"] = "nyk", ["Nyang'i"] = "nyp", ["Nyanga (Congo)"] = "nyj", ["Nyanga (Togo)"] = "ayg", ["Nyanga-li"] = "nyc", ["Nyangatom"] = "nnj", ["Nyangbo"] = "nyb", ["Nyangga"] = "nny", ["Nyangumarta"] = "nna", ["Nyankole"] = "nyn", ["Nyarafolo Senoufo"] = "sev", ["Nyaturu"] = "rim", ["Nyawaygi"] = "nyt", ["Nyelâyu"] = "yly", ["Nyemba"] = "nba", ["Nyengo"] = "nye", ["Nyenkha"] = "neh", ["Nyeu"] = "nyl", ["Nyigina"] = "nyh", ["Nyiha"] = "nih", ["Nyika"] = "nkt", ["Nyimang"] = "nyi", ["Nyindrou"] = "lid", ["Nyindu"] = "nyg", ["Nyishi"] = "njz", ["Nyiyaparli"] = "xny", ["Nyokon"] = "nvo", ["Nyole (Kenya)"] = "nyd", ["Nyole (Uganda)"] = "nuj", ["Nyong"] = "muo", ["Nyoro"] = "nyo", ["Nyulnyul"] = "nyv", ["Nyunga"] = "nys", ["Nyungwe"] = "nyu", ["Nzadi"] = "nzd", ["Nzakambay"] = "nzy", ["Nzakara"] = "nzk", ["Nzanyi"] = "nja", ["Nzima"] = "nzi", ["Ná-Meo"] = "neo", ["Nüpode Huitoto"] = "hux", ["Nǀuu"] = "ngh", ["O'chi'chi'"] = "xoc", ["O'du"] = "tyh", ["O'odham"] = "ood", ["Obanliku"] = "bzy", ["Obispeño"] = "obi", ["Oblo"] = "obl", ["Obo Manobo"] = "obo", ["Obokuitai"] = "afz", ["Obolo"] = "ann", ["Obulom"] = "obu", ["Ocaina"] = "oca", ["Ocotepec Mixtec"] = "mie", ["Ocotlán Zapotec"] = "zac", ["Od"] = "odk", ["Odiai"] = "bhf", ["Odoodee"] = "kkc", ["Odual"] = "odu", ["Odut"] = "oda", ["Ofayé"] = "opy", ["Ofo"] = "ofo", ["Ogbah"] = "ogc", ["Ogbia"] = "ogb", ["Ogbogolo"] = "ogg", ["Ogbronuagum"] = "ogu", ["Ogea"] = "eri", ["Oirata"] = "oia", ["Ojitlán Chinantec"] = "chj", ["Okanagan"] = "oka", ["Okiek"] = "oki", ["Oko-Eni-Osayen"] = "oks", ["Oko-Juwoi"] = "okj", ["Okobo"] = "okb", ["Okodia"] = "okd", ["Okolod"] = "kqv", ["Okpamheri"] = "opa", ["Okpe (Northwestern Edo)"] = "okx", ["Okpe (Southwestern Edo)"] = "oke", ["Okpela"] = "atg", ["Oksapmin"] = "opm", ["Oku"] = "oku", ["Okwanuchu"] = "nai-okw", ["Old Awadhi"] = "inc-oaw", ["Old Gutnish"] = "gmq-ogt", ["Old Kannada"] = "dra-okn", ["Old Kentish Sign Language"] = "okl", ["Old Komi"] = "urj-koo", ["Old Median"] = "xme-old", ["Old Navarro-Aragonese"] = "roa-ona", ["Old Novgorodian"] = "zle-ono", ["Old Prussian"] = "prg", ["รูซินเก่า"] = "zle-ort", ["อาหรับใต้เก่า"] = "sem-srb", ["Old Sundanese"] = "osn", ["Old Tati"] = "xme-ott", ["Old Telugu"] = "dra-ote", ["Olekha"] = "ole", ["Ollari"] = "gdb", ["Olo"] = "ong", ["Oloma"] = "olm", ["Olrat"] = "olr", ["Olu'bo"] = "lul", ["Olukumi"] = "ulb", ["Olulumo-Ikom"] = "iko", ["Oluta Popoluca"] = "plo", ["Olutsotso"] = "lto", ["Omagua"] = "omg", ["Omaha-Ponca"] = "oma", ["Omba"] = "omb", ["Ombamba"] = "mbm", ["Ombo"] = "oml", ["Ometepec Nahuatl"] = "nht", ["Omi"] = "omi", ["Omok"] = "omk", ["Omotik"] = "omt", ["Omurano"] = "omu", ["Oneida"] = "one", ["Ong"] = "oog", ["Ongota"] = "bxe", ["Onin"] = "oni", ["Onjob"] = "onj", ["Ono"] = "ons", ["Onobasulu"] = "onn", ["Onondaga"] = "ono", ["Ontenu"] = "ont", ["Ontong Java"] = "ojv", ["Oorlams"] = "oor", ["Opao"] = "opo", ["Opata"] = "opt", ["Opuuo"] = "lgn", ["Opón"] = "sai-opo", ["Oraon Sadri"] = "sdr", ["Orejón"] = "ore", ["Oring"] = "org", ["Orizaba Nahuatl"] = "nlv", ["Orléanais"] = "roa-orl", ["Ormu"] = "orz", ["Ormuri"] = "oru", ["Oro"] = "orx", ["Oro Win"] = "orw", ["Oroch"] = "oac", ["Oroha"] = "ora", ["Orok"] = "oaa", ["Orokaiva"] = "okv", ["Oroko"] = "bdu", ["Orokolo"] = "oro", ["Oroqen"] = "orh", ["Orowe"] = "bpk", ["Oruma"] = "orr", ["Orya"] = "ury", ["Osage"] = "osa", ["Osamayi"] = "syx", ["Osatu"] = "ost", ["Oscan"] = "osc", ["Ososo"] = "oso", ["Ot Danum"] = "otd", ["Otank"] = "uta", ["Oti"] = "oti", ["Otomaco"] = "sai-oto", ["Otoro"] = "otr", ["Ottawa"] = "otw", ["Otuke"] = "otu", ["Ouma"] = "oum", ["Oune"] = "oue", ["Owa"] = "stn", ["Owenia"] = "wsr", ["Owiniga"] = "owi", ["Oy"] = "oyb", ["Oya'oya"] = "oyy", ["Oyda"] = "oyd", ["Ozolotepec Zapotec"] = "zao", ["Ozumacín Chinantec"] = "chz", ["Pa"] = "ppt", ["Pa Di"] = "pdi", ["Pa'a"] = "pqa", ["Pa-Hng"] = "pha", ["Paamese"] = "pma", ["Paasaal"] = "sig", ["Pacahuara"] = "pcp", ["Padoe"] = "pdo", ["Paelignian"] = "pgn", ["Paeonian"] = "ine-pae", ["Pagi"] = "pgi", ["Pagibete"] = "pae", ["Pagu"] = "pgu", ["Pahanan Agta"] = "apf", ["Pahari-Potwari"] = "phr", ["Pahi"] = "lgt", ["Pahlavani"] = "phv", ["Pai Tavytera"] = "pta", ["Paicî"] = "pri", ["Paikoneka"] = "awd-pai", ["Paipai"] = "ppi", ["Paite"] = "pck", ["Pajapan Nahuatl"] = "nhp", ["Pak-Tong"] = "pkg", ["Pakanha"] = "pkn", ["Pakistan Sign Language"] = "pks", ["Paku"] = "pku", ["Paku Karen"] = "jkp", ["Pal"] = "abw", ["Palaic"] = "plq", ["Palaka Senoufo"] = "plr", ["Palantla Chinantec"] = "cpa", ["Palawan Batak"] = "bya", ["Paleni"] = "pnl", ["Palenquero"] = "pln", ["Palewyami Yokuts"] = "yok-ply", ["Palikur"] = "plu", ["Paliyan"] = "pcf", ["Pallanganmiddang"] = "pmd", ["Palor"] = "fap", ["Palta"] = "sai-pal", ["Palu'e"] = "ple", ["Paluan"] = "plz", ["Palula"] = "phl", ["Palya Bareli"] = "bpx", ["Pam"] = "pmn", ["Pambia"] = "pmb", ["Pamigua"] = "sai-pam", ["Pamlico"] = "pmk", ["Pamona"] = "pmf", ["Pamosu"] = "hih", ["Pamplona Atta"] = "att", ["Pana (Central Africa)"] = "pnz", ["Pana (West Africa)"] = "pnq", ["Panamanian Sign Language"] = "lsp", ["Panamint"] = "par", ["Panare"] = "pbh", ["Panará"] = "kre", ["Panasuan"] = "psn", ["Panawa"] = "pwb", ["Pancana"] = "pnp", ["Panchpargania"] = "tdb", ["Pande"] = "bkj", ["Pangasinan"] = "pag", ["Pangseng"] = "pgs", ["Pangwa"] = "pbr", ["Panim"] = "pnr", ["Paniya"] = "pcg", ["Pankararé"] = "pax", ["Pankararú"] = "paz", ["Pankhu"] = "pkh", ["Pannei"] = "pnc", ["Panobo"] = "pno", ["Panyi Bai"] = "bfc", ["Panyjima"] = "pnw", ["Panzaleo"] = "sai-pnz", ["Pao"] = "ppa", ["Papantla Totonac"] = "top", ["Papapana"] = "ppn", ["Papar"] = "dpp", ["Papasena"] = "pas", ["Papel"] = "pbo", ["Papi"] = "ppe", ["Papora"] = "ppu", ["Papua New Guinean Sign Language"] = "pgz", ["Papuan Malay"] = "pmy", ["Papuma"] = "ppm", ["Para Naga"] = "pzn", ["Parachi"] = "prc", ["Paraguayan Sign Language"] = "pys", ["Parakanã"] = "pak", ["Paranan"] = "prf", ["Paranawát"] = "paf", ["Paratió"] = "sai-par", ["Paraujano"] = "pbg", ["Parauk"] = "prk", ["Parawen"] = "prw", ["Pardhan"] = "pch", ["Pardhi"] = "pcl", ["Pare"] = "asa", ["Pareci"] = "pab", ["Paredarerme"] = "xpd", ["Parenga"] = "pcj", ["Parkari Koli"] = "kvx", ["พาร์เทีย"] = "xpr", ["Parya"] = "paq", ["Pará Gavião"] = "gvp", ["Pasi"] = "psq", ["Pass Valley Yali"] = "yac", ["Pasé"] = "awd-pas", ["Patagón"] = "sai-ptg", ["Patamona"] = "pbc", ["Patani"] = "ptn", ["Pataxó Hã-Ha-Hãe"] = "pth", ["Patep"] = "ptp", ["Pathiya"] = "pty", ["Patpatar"] = "gfk", ["Pattani"] = "lae", ["Pattapu"] = "ptq", ["Patwin"] = "pwi", ["Paulohi"] = "plh", ["Paumarí"] = "pad", ["Paunaka"] = "pnk", ["Pauri Bareli"] = "bfb", ["Pauserna"] = "psm", ["Pawaia"] = "pwa", ["Pawnee"] = "paw", ["Payaguá"] = "sai-pyg", ["Paynamar"] = "pmr", ["Pazeh"] = "pzh", ["Pe"] = "pai", ["ปอร์"] = "pcb", ["Peba"] = "sai-peb", ["Pech"] = "pay", ["Pecheneg"] = "xpc", ["Peerapper"] = "xpw", ["Peere"] = "pfe", ["Pei"] = "ppq", ["Pekal"] = "pel", ["Pela"] = "bxd", ["Pele-Ata"] = "ata", ["Pemon"] = "aoc", ["Penang Sign Language"] = "psg", ["Penchal"] = "pek", ["Pendau"] = "ums", ["Pengo"] = "peg", ["Penobscot"] = "aaq", ["Penrhyn"] = "pnh", ["Pentlatch"] = "ptw", ["Perai"] = "wet", ["Peranakan Indonesian"] = "pea", ["Perema"] = "wom", ["Pericú"] = "nai-per", ["Pero"] = "pip", ["Persian Sign Language"] = "psc", ["Peruvian Sign Language"] = "prl", ["Petapa Zapotec"] = "zpe", ["Petats"] = "pex", ["Petjo"] = "pey", ["Peñoles Mixtec"] = "mil", ["Phai"] = "prt", ["Phala"] = "ypa", ["Phana'"] = "phq", ["Phangduwali"] = "phw", ["Phende"] = "pem", ["Philippine Sign Language"] = "psp", ["Philistine"] = "mis-phi", ["Phimbi"] = "phm", ["Phola"] = "ypg", ["Pholo"] = "yip", ["Phom"] = "nph", ["Phong-Kniang"] = "pnx", ["Phrygian"] = "xpg", ["Phudagi"] = "phd", ["Phuie"] = "pug", ["Phukha"] = "phh", ["Phuma"] = "ypm", ["Phuong"] = "phg", ["Phupa"] = "ypp", ["Phupha"] = "yph", ["Phuthi"] = "bnt-phu", ["Phuza"] = "ypz", ["Piamatsina"] = "ptr", ["Piame"] = "pin", ["Piapoco"] = "pio", ["Piaroa"] = "pid", ["Pichinglis"] = "fpe", ["Pichis Ashéninka"] = "cpu", ["Pictish"] = "xpi", ["Picuris"] = "nai-pic", ["Pidgin Delaware"] = "dep", ["Pidgin Iha"] = "ihb", ["Pidgin Onin"] = "onx", ["Pijao"] = "pij", ["Pije"] = "piz", ["Pijin"] = "pis", ["Pilagá"] = "plg", ["Pileni"] = "piv", ["Pima Bajo"] = "pia", ["Pimbwe"] = "piw", ["Pinai-Hagahai"] = "pnn", ["Pingelapese"] = "pif", ["Pini"] = "pii", ["Pinigura"] = "pnv", ["Pinjarup"] = "pnj", ["Pinji"] = "pic", ["Pinotepa Nacional Mixtec"] = "mio", ["Pintiini"] = "pti", ["Pintupi-Luritja"] = "piu", ["Pinyin"] = "pny", ["Pirahã"] = "myp", ["Piratapuyo"] = "pir", ["Pirlatapa"] = "bxi", ["Piro"] = "pie", ["Pirriya"] = "xpa", ["Pisabo"] = "pig", ["Pisaflores Tepehua"] = "tpp", ["Piscataway"] = "psy", ["Pisidian"] = "xps", ["Pitcairn-Norfolk"] = "pih", ["Piti"] = "pcn", ["Pitjantjatjara"] = "pjt", ["Pitta-Pitta"] = "pit", ["Piu"] = "pix", ["Piya-Kwonci"] = "piy", ["Plains Apache"] = "apk", ["Plains Cree"] = "crk", ["Plains Indian Sign Language"] = "psd", ["Plains Miwok"] = "pmw", ["Plapo Krumen"] = "ktj", ["Playero"] = "gob", ["Pochuri Naga"] = "npo", ["Pochutec"] = "xpo", ["Podoko"] = "pbi", ["Pogali"] = "hkh", ["Pogolo"] = "poy", ["Pohnpeian"] = "pon", ["Poitevin-Saintongeais"] = "roa-poi", ["Pokangá"] = "pok", ["Poke"] = "pof", ["Pol"] = "pmm", ["Polabian"] = "pox", ["Polci"] = "plj", ["Polish Sign Language"] = "pso", ["Polonombauk"] = "plb", ["Pom"] = "pmo", ["Ponam"] = "ncc", ["Pongu"] = "png", ["Ponosakan"] = "pns", ["Pontic Greek"] = "pnt", ["Ponyo"] = "npg", ["Poqomam"] = "poc", ["Poqomchi'"] = "poh", ["Porohanon"] = "prh", ["Port Sandwich"] = "psw", ["Port Sorell"] = "xpl", ["Port Vato"] = "ptv", ["Portuguese Sign Language"] = "psr", ["Potawatomi"] = "pot", ["Potiguára"] = "pog", ["Poumei Naga"] = "pmx", ["Pouye"] = "bye", ["Powari"] = "pwr", ["Powhatan"] = "pim", ["Poyanáwa"] = "pyn", ["Prasuni"] = "prn", ["Pre-Samnite"] = "itc-psa", ["Primitive Irish"] = "pgl", ["Principense"] = "pre", ["Proto-Abkhaz-Abaza"] = "cau-abz-pro", ["Proto-Amuesha-Chamicuro"] = "awd-amc-pro", ["Proto-Andian"] = "cau-and-pro", ["Proto-Apachean"] = "apa-pro", ["Proto-Arawa"] = "auf-pro", ["Proto-Arawak"] = "awd-pro", ["Proto-Arnhem"] = "aus-arn-pro", ["Proto-Aroid"] = "omv-aro-pro", ["Proto-Aslian"] = "mkh-asl-pro", ["Proto-Atayalic"] = "map-ata-pro", ["Proto-Athabaskan"] = "ath-pro", ["Proto-Avaro-Andian"] = "cau-ava-pro", ["Proto-Bahnaric"] = "mkh-ban-pro", ["Proto-Bai"] = "sit-bai-pro", ["Proto-Batak"] = "btk-pro", ["Proto-Binanderean"] = "paa-bin-pro", ["Proto-Bodish"] = "sit-bdi-pro", ["Proto-Bongo-Bagirmi"] = "csu-bba-pro", ["Proto-Boran"] = "sai-bor-pro", ["Proto-Bua"] = "alv-bua-pro", ["Proto-Bungku-Tolaki"] = "poz-btk-pro", ["Proto-Burmish"] = "tbq-brm-pro", ["Proto-Caddoan"] = "cdd-pro", ["Proto-Cangin"] = "alv-cng-pro", ["Proto-Cariban"] = "sai-car-pro", ["Proto-Central Jê"] = "sai-cje-pro", ["Proto-Central Naga"] = "sit-aao-pro", ["Proto-Central New South Wales"] = "aus-cww-pro", ["Proto-Central Sudanic"] = "csu-pro", ["Proto-Central Togo"] = "alv-gtm-pro", ["Proto-Cerrado"] = "sai-cer-pro", ["Proto-Chatino"] = "omq-cha-pro", ["Proto-Chibchan"] = "cba-pro", ["Proto-Chimakuan"] = "chi-pro", ["Proto-Chinookan"] = "nai-ckn-pro", ["Proto-Chukotko-Kamchatkan"] = "qfa-cka-pro", ["Proto-Chumash"] = "nai-chu-pro", ["Proto-Circassian"] = "cau-cir-pro", ["Proto-Cupan"] = "azc-cup-pro", ["Proto-Cushitic"] = "cus-pro", ["Proto-Daju"] = "sdv-daj-pro", ["Proto-Daly"] = "aus-dal-pro", ["Proto-Dangari"] = "inc-dng-pro", ["Proto-Dargwa"] = "cau-drg-pro", ["Proto-Dizoid"] = "omv-diz-pro", ["Proto-Eastern Jebel"] = "sdv-eje-pro", ["Proto-Eastern Oti-Volta"] = "nic-eov-pro", ["Proto-Edekiri"] = "alv-edk-pro", ["Proto-Edoid"] = "alv-edo-pro", ["Proto-Ersuic"] = "sit-ers-pro", ["Proto-Eskimo-Aleut"] = "esx-pro", ["Proto-Fali"] = "alv-fli-pro", ["Proto-Gbaya"] = "gba-pro", ["Proto-Grassfields"] = "nic-grf-pro", ["Proto-Guang"] = "alv-gng-pro", ["Proto-Gurunsi"] = "nic-gns-pro", ["Proto-Halmahera-Cenderawasih"] = "poz-hce-pro", ["Proto-Heiban"] = "alv-hei-pro", ["Proto-Highland East Cushitic"] = "cus-hec-pro", ["Proto-Hrusish"] = "sit-hrs-pro", ["Proto-Hurro-Urartian"] = "qfa-hur-pro", ["Proto-Idomoid"] = "alv-ido-pro", ["Proto-Igboid"] = "alv-igb-pro", ["Proto-Ijoid"] = "ijo-pro", ["Proto-Iroquoian"] = "iro-pro", ["Proto-Iwaidjan"] = "aus-wdj-pro", ["Proto-Jukunoid"] = "nic-jkn-pro", ["Proto-Jê"] = "sai-jee-pro", ["Proto-Kadu"] = "qfa-kad-pro", ["Proto-Kalapuyan"] = "nai-klp-pro", ["Proto-Kam-Sui"] = "qfa-kms-pro", ["Proto-Kampa"] = "awd-kmp-pro", ["Proto-Kamta"] = "inc-krd-pro", ["Proto-Katuic"] = "mkh-kat-pro", ["Proto-Kham"] = "sit-kha-pro", ["Proto-Khanty"] = "kca-pro", ["Proto-Kho-Bwa"] = "sit-khb-pro", ["Proto-Khoe"] = "khi-kho-pro", ["Proto-Koman"] = "ssa-kom-pro", ["Proto-Komisenian"] = "ira-kms-pro", ["Proto-Kru"] = "kro-pro", ["Proto-Kuki-Chin"] = "tbq-kuk-pro", ["Proto-Kuliak"] = "ssa-klk-pro", ["Proto-Kwa"] = "alv-kwa-pro", ["Proto-Lalo"] = "tbq-lal-pro", ["Proto-Lezghian"] = "cau-lzg-pro", ["Proto-Lower Cross River"] = "nic-lcr-pro", ["Proto-Maidun"] = "nai-mdu-pro", ["Proto-Mande"] = "dmn-pro", ["Proto-Mangbetu"] = "csu-maa-pro", ["Proto-Mansi"] = "mns-pro", ["Proto-Mari"] = "chm-pro", ["Proto-Masa"] = "cdc-mas-pro", ["Proto-Mazatec"] = "omq-maz-pro", ["Proto-Medo-Parthian"] = "ira-mpr-pro", ["Proto-Mixe-Zoque"] = "nai-miz-pro", ["Proto-Mixtec"] = "omq-mxt-pro", ["Proto-Mixtecan"] = "omq-mix-pro", ["Proto-Mordvinic"] = "urj-mdv-pro", ["Proto-Mumuye"] = "alv-mum-pro", ["Proto-Munji-Yidgha"] = "ira-mny-pro", ["Proto-Muskogean"] = "nai-mus-pro", ["Proto-Na-Dene"] = "xnd-pro", ["Proto-Naish"] = "sit-nas-pro", ["Proto-Nawiki"] = "awd-nwk-pro", ["Proto-Nilo-Saharan"] = "ssa-pro", ["Proto-Nilotic"] = "sdv-nil-pro", ["Proto-North Halmahera"] = "paa-nha-pro", ["Proto-North Iroquoian"] = "iro-nor-pro", ["Proto-Northern Jê"] = "sai-nje-pro", ["Proto-Northern Naga"] = "sit-kon-pro", ["Proto-Numic"] = "azc-num-pro", ["Proto-Nupoid"] = "alv-nup-pro", ["Proto-Nuristani"] = "iir-nur-pro", ["Proto-Nyima"] = "sdv-nyi-pro", ["Proto-Nyulnyulan"] = "aus-nyu-pro", ["Proto-Ogoni"] = "nic-ogo-pro", ["Proto-Omotic"] = "omv-pro", ["Proto-Ongan"] = "qfa-ong-pro", ["Proto-Oti-Volta"] = "nic-ovo-pro", ["Proto-Oto-Manguean"] = "omq-pro", ["Proto-Oto-Pamean"] = "omq-otp-pro", ["Proto-Otomi"] = "oto-otm-pro", ["Proto-Otomian"] = "oto-pro", ["Proto-Pakanic"] = "mkh-pkn-pro", ["Proto-Pama-Nyungan"] = "aus-pam-pro", ["Proto-Paresi-Waura"] = "awd-prw-pro", ["แพริกดั้งเดิม"] = "mkh-pea-pro", ["Proto-Plateau"] = "nic-plt-pro", ["Proto-Plateau Penutian"] = "nai-plp-pro", ["Proto-Pomo"] = "nai-pom-pro", ["Proto-Puroik"] = "sit-khp-pro", ["Proto-Rukai"] = "dru-pro", ["Proto-Ryukyuan"] = "jpx-ryu-pro", ["Proto-Sabaki"] = "bnt-sab-pro", ["Proto-Saka"] = "xsc-sak-pro", ["Proto-Saka-Wakhi"] = "xsc-skw-pro", ["Proto-Salish"] = "sal-pro", ["Proto-Samoyedic"] = "syd-pro", ["Proto-Sanglechi-Ishkashimi"] = "ira-sgi-pro", ["Proto-Sara"] = "csu-sar-pro", ["Proto-Sarmatian"] = "xsc-sar-pro", ["Proto-Scythian"] = "xsc-pro", ["Proto-Selkup"] = "sel-pro", ["Proto-Shughni-Roshani"] = "ira-shr-pro", ["Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami"] = "ira-shy-pro", ["Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji"] = "ira-sym-pro", ["Proto-Siouan"] = "sio-pro", ["Proto-Siouan-Catawban"] = "nai-sca-pro", ["Proto-Songhay"] = "son-pro", ["Proto-Sotho-Tswana"] = "bnt-sts-pro", ["Proto-South Cushitic"] = "cus-sou-pro", ["Proto-Southern Jê"] = "sai-sje-pro", ["Proto-Ta-Arawak"] = "awd-taa-pro", ["Proto-Takic"] = "azc-tak-pro", ["Proto-Taman"] = "sdv-tmn-pro", ["Proto-Tamangic"] = "sit-tam-pro", ["Proto-Tangkhulic"] = "sit-tng-pro", ["Proto-Tani"] = "sit-tan-pro", ["Proto-Taranoan"] = "sai-tar-pro", ["Proto-Tatic"] = "xme-ttc-pro", ["Proto-Totozoquean"] = "nai-tot-pro", ["Proto-Trans-New Guinea"] = "ngf-pro", ["Proto-Triqui"] = "omq-tri-pro", ["Proto-Tsezian"] = "cau-tsz-pro", ["Proto-Tsimshianic"] = "nai-tsi-pro", ["Proto-Tungusic"] = "tuw-pro", ["Proto-Ubangian"] = "nic-ubg-pro", ["Proto-Upper Cross River"] = "nic-ucr-pro", ["Proto-Utian"] = "nai-utn-pro", ["Proto-Western Kho-Bwa"] = "sit-khw-pro", ["Proto-Western Mande"] = "dmn-mdw-pro", ["Proto-Witotoan"] = "sai-wit-pro", ["Proto-Yeniseian"] = "qfa-yen-pro", ["Proto-Yukaghir"] = "qfa-yuk-pro", ["Proto-Yupik"] = "ypk-pro", ["Proto-Zapotec"] = "omq-zpc-pro", ["Proto-Zapotecan"] = "omq-zap-pro", ["Proto-Zaza-Gorani"] = "ira-zgr-pro", ["Providencia Sign Language"] = "prz", ["Psikye"] = "kvj", ["Puare"] = "pux", ["Pudtol Atta"] = "atp", ["Puebla Mazatec"] = "pbm", ["Puelche"] = "pue", ["Puerto Rican Sign Language"] = "psl", ["Puimei Naga"] = "npu", ["Puinave"] = "pui", ["Puiron"] = "sit-prn", ["Pulabu"] = "pup", ["Puluwat"] = "puw", ["Puma"] = "pum", ["Pumpokol"] = "xpm", ["Pumé"] = "yae", ["Punan Aput"] = "pud", ["Punan Bah-Biau"] = "pna", ["Punan Batu"] = "pnm", ["Punan Merah"] = "puf", ["Punan Merap"] = "puc", ["Punan Tubu"] = "puj", ["Punic"] = "xpu", ["Punu"] = "puu", ["Puoc"] = "puo", ["Puquina"] = "puq", ["Puragi"] = "pru", ["Purari"] = "iar", ["Purepecha"] = "pua", ["Puri"] = "prr", ["Purik"] = "prx", ["Purisimeño"] = "puy", ["Puroik"] = "suv", ["Puruborá"] = "pur", ["Puruhá"] = "sai-prh", ["Purukotó"] = "sai-pur", ["Purum"] = "pub", ["Putai"] = "mfl", ["Putoh"] = "put", ["Putukwam"] = "afe", ["Puyo-Paekche"] = "xpp", ["Puyuma"] = "pyu", ["Pwaamèi"] = "pme", ["Pwapwâ"] = "pop", ["Pyapun"] = "pcw", ["Pye Krumen"] = "pye", ["Pyemmairre"] = "xpb", ["Pyen"] = "pyy", ["Pykobjê"] = "sai-pyk", ["Pyu (New Guinea)"] = "pby", ["Páez"] = "pbb", ["Pááfang"] = "pfa", ["Päri"] = "lkr", ["Pémono"] = "pev", ["Pévé"] = "lme", ["Pökoot"] = "pko", ["Q'anjob'al"] = "kjb", ["Q'eqchi"] = "kek", ["Qabiao"] = "laq", ["Qaqet"] = "byx", ["Qatabanian"] = "xqt", ["Qau"] = "gqu", ["Qila Muji"] = "ymq", ["Qimant"] = "ahg", ["Quapaw"] = "qua", ["Quebec Sign Language"] = "fcs", ["Querétaro Otomi"] = "otq", ["Quetzaltepec Mixe"] = "pxm", ["Queyu"] = "qvy", ["Quiavicuzas Zapotec"] = "zpj", ["Quileute"] = "qui", ["Quimbaya"] = "sai-qmb", ["Quinault"] = "qun", ["Quinigua"] = "nai-qng", ["Quinqui"] = "quq", ["Quioquitani-Quierí Zapotec"] = "ztq", ["Quiotepec Chinantec"] = "chq", ["Quiripi"] = "qyp", ["Quitemo"] = "sai-qtm", ["Rabha"] = "rah", ["Rabona"] = "sai-rab", ["ระแด"] = "rad", ["Raetic"] = "xrr", ["Raga"] = "lml", ["Rahambuu"] = "raz", ["Rajah Kabunsuwan Manobo"] = "mqk", ["Raji"] = "rji", ["Rajong"] = "rjg", ["Rajput Garasia"] = "gra", ["Rakahanga-Manihiki"] = "rkh", ["Ralte"] = "ral", ["Rama"] = "rma", ["Ramandi"] = "tks", ["Ramanos"] = "sai-ram", ["Ramoaaina"] = "rai", ["Ramopa"] = "kjx", ["Rampi"] = "lje", ["Rana Tharu"] = "thr", ["Rang"] = "rax", ["Rangkas"] = "rgk", ["Ranglong"] = "rnl", ["Rao"] = "rao", ["Rapa"] = "ray", ["Rapoisi"] = "kyx", ["Rapting"] = "rpt", ["Rara Bakati'"] = "lra", ["Rasawa"] = "rac", ["Ratagnon"] = "btn", ["Ratahan"] = "rth", ["Rathawi"] = "rtw", ["Rathwi Bareli"] = "bgd", ["Raute"] = "rau", ["Ravula"] = "yea", ["Rawa"] = "rwo", ["Rawat"] = "jnl", ["Rawo"] = "rwa", ["Rayón Zoque"] = "zor", ["Razajerdi"] = "rat", ["Razihi"] = "rzh", ["Reang"] = "ria", ["Red Gelao"] = "gir", ["Reel"] = "atu", ["Rejang"] = "rej", ["Rejang Kayan"] = "ree", ["Reli"] = "rei", ["Rema"] = "bow", ["Rembarunga"] = "rmb", ["Rembong"] = "reb", ["Remo"] = "rem", ["Remontado Agta"] = "agv", ["Rempi"] = "rmp", ["Remun"] = "lkj", ["Rendille"] = "rel", ["Rengao"] = "ren", ["Rennellese"] = "mnv", ["Repanbitip"] = "rpn", ["Rer Bare"] = "rer", ["Rerau"] = "rea", ["Rerep"] = "pgk", ["Reshe"] = "res", ["Resígaro"] = "rgr", ["Retta"] = "ret", ["Reyesano"] = "rey", ["ฟรังโกเนียแบบไรน์"] = "gmw-rfr", ["Riang"] = "ril", ["Riantana"] = "ran", ["Ribun"] = "rir", ["Rigwe"] = "iri", ["Rikbaktsa"] = "rkb", ["Rincón Zapotec"] = "zar", ["Ringgou"] = "rgu", ["Ririo"] = "rri", ["Ritarungo"] = "rit", ["Riung"] = "riu", ["Riverain Sango"] = "snj", ["Rogo"] = "rod", ["Roma"] = "rmm", ["Romam"] = "rmx", ["Romanian Sign Language"] = "rms", ["Romano-Greek"] = "rge", ["Romano-Serbian"] = "rsb", ["Romanova"] = "rmv", ["Romblomanon"] = "rol", ["Rombo"] = "rof", ["Romkun"] = "rmk", ["Ron"] = "cla", ["Ronga"] = "rng", ["Rongga"] = "ror", ["Rongmei Naga"] = "nbu", ["Rongpo"] = "rnp", ["Ronji"] = "roe", ["Roon"] = "rnn", ["Roria"] = "rga", ["Roro"] = "rro", ["Rotokas"] = "roo", ["Rotuman"] = "rtm", ["Rouran"] = "mis-rou", ["Roviana"] = "rug", ["Ruching Palaung"] = "pce", ["Rudbari"] = "rdb", ["Rufiji"] = "rui", ["Ruga"] = "ruh", ["Rukai"] = "dru", ["Rukiga"] = "cgg", ["Ruma"] = "ruz", ["Rumai Palaung"] = "rbb", ["Rumu"] = "klq", ["Runga"] = "rou", ["Rungtu"] = "rtc", ["Rungus"] = "drg", ["Rungwa"] = "rnw", ["Russenorsk"] = "crp-rsn", ["Rutul"] = "rut", ["Ruuli"] = "ruc", ["Ruwund"] = "rnd", ["Rwa"] = "rwk", ["Rwandan Sign Language"] = "rsn", ["Réunion Creole French"] = "rcf", ["Sa"] = "sax", ["Sa'a"] = "apb", ["Sa'ban"] = "snv", ["Saafi-Saafi"] = "sav", ["Saam"] = "raq", ["Saamia"] = "lsm", ["Saanich"] = "str", ["Saare"] = "uss", ["Saaroa"] = "sxr", ["Saba"] = "saa", ["Sabaean"] = "xsa", ["Sabah Bisaya"] = "bsy", ["Sabah Malay"] = "msi", ["Sabanê"] = "sae", ["Sabaot"] = "spy", ["Sabine"] = "sbv", ["Sabir"] = "pml", ["Sabu"] = "hvn", ["Sabüm"] = "sbo", ["Sacapulteco"] = "quv", ["Sadri"] = "sck", ["Saep"] = "spd", ["Safaitic"] = "sem-saf", ["Safaliba"] = "saf", ["Safeyoka"] = "apz", ["Safwa"] = "sbk", ["Sagala"] = "sbm", ["Sagalla"] = "tga", ["Sahaptin"] = "nai-spt", ["Sahu"] = "saj", ["Saisiyat"] = "xsy", ["Sajau Basap"] = "sjb", ["Sakachep"] = "sch", ["Sakam"] = "skm", ["Sakao"] = "sku", ["Sakata"] = "skt", ["Sake"] = "sak", ["Sala"] = "shq", ["Salampasu"] = "slx", ["Salas"] = "sgu", ["Saleman"] = "sau", ["Saliba (Colombia)"] = "slc", ["Saliba (New Guinea)"] = "sbe", ["Salinan"] = "sln", ["Salt-Yui"] = "sll", ["Saluan"] = "loe", ["Salumá"] = "slj", ["Salvadoran Lenca"] = "nai-sln", ["Salvadoran Sign Language"] = "esn", ["Sam"] = "snx", ["Sama"] = "smd", ["Samalian"] = "sem-sam", ["Samaritan Aramaic"] = "sam", ["Samaritan Hebrew"] = "smp", ["Samarokena"] = "tmj", ["Samatao"] = "ysd", ["Samba"] = "smx", ["Sambalpuri"] = "spv", ["Sambe"] = "xab", ["Samberigi"] = "ssx", ["Samburu"] = "saq", ["Samei"] = "smh", ["Samo"] = "smq", ["Samoan Plantation Pidgin"] = "crp-spp", ["Samogitian"] = "sgs", ["Samosa"] = "swm", ["Sampang"] = "rav", ["Samtao"] = "stu", ["Samvedi"] = "smv", ["San Agustín Mixtepec Zapotec"] = "ztm", ["San Baltazar Loxicha Zapotec"] = "zpx", ["San Felipe Otlaltepec Popoloca"] = "pow", ["San Jerónimo Tecóatl Mazatec"] = "maa", ["San Juan Atzingo Popoloca"] = "poe", ["San Juan Colorado Mixtec"] = "mjc", ["San Juan Guelavía Zapotec"] = "zab", ["San Juan Quiahije Chatino"] = "omq-sjq", ["San Juan Teita Mixtec"] = "xtj", ["San Luís Temalacayuca Popoloca"] = "pps", ["San Marcos Tlalcoyalco Popoloca"] = "pls", ["San Martín Itunyoso Triqui"] = "trq", ["San Miguel Creole French"] = "scf", ["San Miguel Piedras Mixtec"] = "xtp", ["San Miguel el Grande Mixtec"] = "mig", ["San Pablo Güilá Zapotec"] = "ztu", ["San Pedro Amuzgos Amuzgo"] = "azg", ["San Pedro Quiatoni Zapotec"] = "zpf", ["San Vicente Coatlán Zapotec"] = "zpt", ["Sanapaná"] = "spn", ["Sanaviron"] = "sai-san", ["Sandawe"] = "sad", ["Sanga (Congo)"] = "sng", ["Sanga (Nigeria)"] = "xsn", ["Sanggau"] = "scg", ["Sangil"] = "snl", ["Sangir"] = "sxn", ["Sangisari"] = "sgr", ["Sangkong"] = "sgk", ["Sanglechi"] = "sgy", ["Sangtam Naga"] = "nsa", ["Sangu (Gabon)"] = "snq", ["Sangu (Tanzania)"] = "sbp", ["Sani"] = "ysn", ["Sanie"] = "ysy", ["Saniyo-Hiyewe"] = "sny", ["Sankaran Maninka"] = "msc", ["Sansi"] = "ssi", ["Santa Catarina Albarradas Zapotec"] = "ztn", ["Santa Inés Ahuatempan Popoloca"] = "pca", ["Santa Inés Yatzechi Zapotec"] = "zpn", ["Santa Lucía Monteverde Mixtec"] = "mdv", ["Santa María La Alta Nahuatl"] = "nhz", ["Santa María Quiegolani Zapotec"] = "zpi", ["Santa María Zacatepec Mixtec"] = "mza", ["Santa Teresa Cora"] = "cok", ["Santiago Xanica Zapotec"] = "zpr", ["Santo Domingo Albarradas Zapotec"] = "zas", ["Sanumá"] = "xsu", ["Sanxiang Min"] = "nan-zsh", ["Saparua"] = "spr", ["Sapará"] = "sai-sap", ["Sapo"] = "krn", ["Saponi"] = "spi", ["Saposa"] = "sps", ["Sapuan"] = "spu", ["Sapé"] = "spc", ["Sar"] = "mwm", ["Sara"] = "sre", ["Sara Kaba"] = "sbz", ["Sara Kaba Deme"] = "kwg", ["Sara Kaba Náà"] = "kwv", ["Saraiki"] = "skr", ["ซารามักกา"] = "srm", ["Sarangani Blaan"] = "bps", ["Sarangani Manobo"] = "mbs", ["Sarasira"] = "zsa", ["Saraveca"] = "sar", ["Sarawak Malay"] = "poz-sml", ["Sarikoli"] = "srh", ["Sarli"] = "sdf", ["Sartang"] = "onp", ["Sarua"] = "swy", ["Sarudu"] = "sdu", ["Saruga"] = "sra", ["Sasak"] = "sas", ["Sasaru"] = "sxs", ["Satawalese"] = "stw", ["Sateré-Mawé"] = "mav", ["Sathmar Swabian"] = "gmw-stm", ["Saudi Arabian Sign Language"] = "sdl", ["Saurashtra"] = "saz", ["Sauri"] = "srt", ["Sause"] = "sao", ["Sausi"] = "ssj", ["Savi"] = "sdg", ["Savosavo"] = "svs", ["Sawai"] = "szw", ["Saweru"] = "swr", ["Sawi"] = "saw", ["Sawila"] = "swt", ["Sawriya Paharia"] = "mjt", ["Saxwe Gbe"] = "sxw", ["Saya"] = "say", ["Sayula Popoluca"] = "pos", ["Scanian"] = "gmq-scy", ["Seba"] = "kdg", ["Sebat Bet Gurage"] = "sgw", ["Seberuang"] = "sbx", ["Sebop"] = "sib", ["Sebuyau"] = "snb", ["Sechelt"] = "sec", ["Sechura"] = "sai-sec", ["Secoya"] = "sey", ["Sedang"] = "sed", ["Sedoa"] = "tvw", ["Seenku"] = "sos", ["Segai"] = "sge", ["Segeju"] = "seg", ["Seget"] = "sbg", ["Sehwi"] = "sfw", ["Seim"] = "sim", ["Seimat"] = "ssg", ["Seit-Kaitetu"] = "hik", ["Sekani"] = "sek", ["Sekapan"] = "skp", ["Sekar"] = "skz", ["Seke"] = "skj", ["Sekele"] = "vaj", ["Seki"] = "syi", ["Seko Padang"] = "skx", ["Seko Tengah"] = "sko", ["Sekpele"] = "lip", ["Selangor Sign Language"] = "kgi", ["Selaru"] = "slu", ["Selayar"] = "sly", ["Selee"] = "snw", ["Selepet"] = "spl", ["Selk'nam"] = "ona", ["Selonian"] = "sxl", ["Selungai Murut"] = "slg", ["Seluwasan"] = "sws", ["Sema"] = "nsm", ["Semandang"] = "sdm", ["Semaq Beri"] = "szc", ["Sembakung Murut"] = "sbr", ["Semelai"] = "sza", ["Semigallian"] = "xzm", ["Semimi"] = "etz", ["Semnam"] = "ssm", ["Semnani"] = "smy", ["Sempan"] = "xse", ["Sena"] = "seh", ["Senara Sénoufo"] = "seq", ["Senaya"] = "syn", ["Sene"] = "sej", ["Seneca"] = "see", ["Sengele"] = "szg", ["Senggi"] = "snu", ["Sengo"] = "spk", ["Sengseng"] = "ssz", ["Senhaja de Srair"] = "sjs", ["Sensi"] = "sni", ["Sentani"] = "set", ["Senthang Chin"] = "sez", ["Sentinelese"] = "std", ["Sepa (Indonesia)"] = "spb", ["Sepa (New Guinea)"] = "spe", ["Sepen"] = "spm", ["Sepik Iwam"] = "iws", ["Sepik Mari"] = "mbx", ["Sera"] = "sry", ["Sere"] = "swf", ["Serer"] = "srr", ["Seri"] = "sei", ["Serili"] = "sve", ["Seroa"] = "kqu", ["Serrano"] = "ser", ["Seru"] = "szd", ["Serua"] = "srw", ["Serudung Murut"] = "srk", ["Serui-Laut"] = "seu", ["Seta"] = "stf", ["Setaman"] = "stm", ["Seti"] = "sbi", ["Severn Ojibwa"] = "ojs", ["Sewa Bay"] = "sew", ["Seychellois Creole"] = "crs", ["Seze"] = "sze", ["Sha"] = "scw", ["Shabak"] = "sdb", ["Shabo"] = "sbf", ["Shahmirzadi"] = "srz", ["Shahrudi"] = "shm", ["Shall-Zwall"] = "sha", ["Shama-Sambuga"] = "sqa", ["Shamang"] = "xsh", ["Shambala"] = "ksb", ["Shanenawa"] = "swo", ["Shanga"] = "sho", ["Shangzhai"] = "jih", ["Shaojiang Min"] = "sjc", ["Shaozhou Tuhua"] = "zhx-sht", ["Sharanahua"] = "mcd", ["Shark Bay"] = "ssv", ["Sharwa"] = "swq", ["Shasta"] = "sht", ["Shatt"] = "shj", ["Shau"] = "sqh", ["Shawnee"] = "sjw", ["She"] = "shx", ["Shebayo"] = "awd-she", ["Shehri"] = "shv", ["Shekkacho"] = "moy", ["Sheko"] = "she", ["Shelta"] = "sth", ["Shendu"] = "shl", ["Sheni"] = "scv", ["Sherbro"] = "bun", ["Sherdukpen"] = "sdp", ["Sheshi Kham"] = "kip", ["Shetland"] = "scz", ["Shi"] = "shr", ["Shihhi Arabic"] = "ssh", ["Shiki"] = "gua", ["Shilluk"] = "shk", ["Shina"] = "scl", ["Shinasha"] = "bwo", ["Shipibo-Conibo"] = "shp", ["Shixing"] = "sxg", ["Sholaga"] = "sle", ["Shom Peng"] = "sii", ["Shoo-Minda-Nye"] = "bcv", ["Shoshone"] = "shh", ["Shua"] = "shg", ["Shuar"] = "jiv", ["Shughni"] = "sgh", ["Shumashti"] = "sts", ["Shumcho"] = "scu", ["Shuswap"] = "shs", ["Shuwa-Zamani"] = "ksa", ["Shwai"] = "shw", ["Shwe Palaung"] = "pll", ["Sialum"] = "slw", ["Siamou"] = "sif", ["Sian"] = "spg", ["Siane"] = "snp", ["Siang"] = "sya", ["Siar-Lak"] = "sjr", ["Sibe"] = "nco", ["Siberian Tatar"] = "sty", ["Sibu Melanau"] = "sdx", ["Sicanian"] = "sxc", ["Sicel"] = "scx", ["Siculo-Arabic"] = "sqr", ["Sidetic"] = "xsd", ["Sie"] = "erg", ["Sierra Leone Sign Language"] = "sgx", ["Sierra Negra Nahuatl"] = "nsu", ["Sierra de Juárez Zapotec"] = "zaa", ["Sighu"] = "sxe", ["Sihan"] = "snr", ["Sika"] = "ski", ["Sikaritai"] = "tty", ["Sikiana"] = "sik", ["Sikule"] = "skh", ["Sila"] = "slt", ["Silacayoapan Mixtec"] = "mks", ["Sileibi"] = "sbq", ["Silimo"] = "wul", ["Siliput"] = "mkc", ["Silopi"] = "xsp", ["Silt'e"] = "stv", ["Simaa"] = "sie", ["Simalungun Batak"] = "bts", ["Simba"] = "sbw", ["Simbali"] = "smg", ["Simbari"] = "smb", ["Simbo"] = "sbb", ["Simeku"] = "smz", ["Simeulue"] = "smr", ["Simte"] = "smt", ["Sinacantán"] = "nai-sin", ["Sinagen"] = "siu", ["Sinasina"] = "sst", ["Sinaugoro"] = "snc", ["Sindhi Bhil"] = "sbn", ["Sindihui Mixtec"] = "xts", ["Singa"] = "sgm", ["Singapore Sign Language"] = "sls", ["Singpho"] = "sgp", ["Sinicahua Mixtec"] = "xti", ["Sininkere"] = "skq", ["Sinte Romani"] = "rmo", ["Sinyar"] = "sys", ["Sinúfana"] = "sai-sin", ["Sio"] = "xsi", ["Siona"] = "snn", ["Sipakapense"] = "qum", ["Sira"] = "swj", ["Siraya"] = "fos", ["Sirenik"] = "ysr", ["Siri"] = "sir", ["Siriano"] = "sri", ["Sirionó"] = "srq", ["Sirmauri"] = "srx", ["Siroi"] = "ssd", ["Sisaala"] = "sld", ["Sissano"] = "sso", ["Situ"] = "sit-sit", ["Siuslaw"] = "sis", ["Sivandi"] = "siy", ["Sivia Sign Language"] = "lsv", ["Siwai"] = "siw", ["Siwi"] = "siz", ["Siwu"] = "akp", ["Siyin Chin"] = "csy", ["Skagit"] = "ska", ["Skalvian"] = "svx", ["Ske"] = "ske", ["Skepi Creole Dutch"] = "skw", ["Skolt Sami"] = "sms", ["Skou"] = "skv", ["Slavomolisano"] = "svm", ["Slovakian Sign Language"] = "svk", ["Small Flowery Miao"] = "sfm", ["Smärky Kanum"] = "kxq", ["Snohomish"] = "sno", ["So'a"] = "ssq", ["Sobei"] = "sob", ["Sochiapam Chinantec"] = "cso", ["Soga"] = "xog", ["Sogdian"] = "sog", ["Sok"] = "skk", ["Sokna"] = "swn", ["Soko"] = "soc", ["Sokoro"] = "sok", ["Solano"] = "xso", ["Soli"] = "sby", ["Solombala English"] = "crp-slb", ["Solon"] = "tuw-sol", ["Solong"] = "aaw", ["Solos"] = "sol", ["Som"] = "smc", ["Somba-Siawari"] = "bmu", ["Somra"] = "ntx", ["Somrai"] = "sor", ["Somyev"] = "kgt", ["Sonaga"] = "ysg", ["Sonde"] = "shc", ["Songe"] = "sop", ["Songlai Chin"] = "csj", ["Songomeno"] = "soe", ["Songoora"] = "sod", ["Sonha"] = "soi", ["Sonia"] = "siq", ["Soninke"] = "snk", ["Sonsorolese"] = "sov", ["Soo"] = "teu", ["Sop"] = "urw", ["Soqotri"] = "sqt", ["Sora"] = "srb", ["Sori-Harengan"] = "sbh", ["Sorkhei"] = "sqo", ["Sorothaptic"] = "sxo", ["Sorsogon Ayta"] = "ays", ["Sos Kundi"] = "sdk", ["Sota Kanum"] = "krz", ["Sou"] = "sqq", ["South African Sign Language"] = "sfs", ["South Awyu"] = "aws", ["South Boma"] = "bnt-sbo", ["South Central Banda"] = "lnl", ["South Central Dinka"] = "dib", ["South Efate"] = "erk", ["South Fali"] = "fal", ["South Giziga"] = "giz", ["South Lembata"] = "lmf", ["South Marquesan"] = "mqm", ["South Muyu"] = "kts", ["South Nuaulu"] = "nxl", ["South Picene"] = "spx", ["South Slavey"] = "xsl", ["South Tairora"] = "omw", ["South Ucayali Ashéninka"] = "cpy", ["South Watut"] = "mcy", ["Southeast Ambrym"] = "tvk", ["Southeast Babar"] = "vbb", ["Southeast Ijo"] = "ijs", ["Southeast Pashayi"] = "psi", ["Southeast Tasmanian"] = "xpf", ["Southeastern Dinka"] = "dks", ["Southeastern Ixtlán Zapotec"] = "zpd", ["Southeastern Kolami"] = "nit", ["Southeastern Nochixtlán Mixtec"] = "mxy", ["Southeastern Pomo"] = "pom", ["Southeastern Puebla Nahuatl"] = "npl", ["Southeastern Tarahumara"] = "tcu", ["Southeastern Tepehuan"] = "stp", ["Southern Alta"] = "agy", ["Southern Bai"] = "bfs", ["Southern Birifor"] = "biv", ["Southern Bobo"] = "bwq", ["Southern Bontoc"] = "obk", ["Southern Carrier"] = "caf", ["Southern Catanduanes Bicolano"] = "bln", ["Southern Dagaare"] = "dga", ["Southern East Cree"] = "crj", ["Southern Ghale"] = "ghe", ["Southern Grebo"] = "grj", ["Southern Guiyang Hmong"] = "hmy", ["Southern Haida"] = "hax", ["Southern Hindko"] = "hnd", ["Southern Kalapuya"] = "sxk", ["Southern Kalinga"] = "ksc", ["Southern Khanty"] = "kca-sou", ["Southern Kissi"] = "kss", ["Southern Kiwai"] = "kjd", ["Southern Kurdish"] = "sdh", ["Southern Lolopo"] = "ysp", ["Southern Lorung"] = "lrr", ["Southern Luri"] = "luz", ["Southern Ma'di"] = "snm", ["Southern Mansi"] = "mns-sou", ["Southern Mashan Hmong"] = "hma", ["Southern Muji"] = "ymc", ["Southern Ndebele"] = "nr", ["Southern Ngbandi"] = "nbw", ["Southern Nicobarese"] = "nik", ["Southern Nisu"] = "nsd", ["Southern Nuni"] = "nnw", ["Southern Ohlone"] = "css", ["Southern One"] = "osu", ["Southern Pame"] = "pmz", ["Southern Pomo"] = "peq", ["Southern Puebla Mixtec"] = "mit", ["Southern Puget Sound Salish"] = "slh", ["Southern Pumi"] = "pmj", ["Southern Qiandong Miao"] = "hms", ["Southern Qiang"] = "qxs", ["Southern Rengma Naga"] = "nre", ["Southern Rincon Zapotec"] = "zsr", ["Southern Roglai"] = "rgs", ["Southern Sama"] = "ssb", ["Southern Samo"] = "sbd", ["Southern Selkup"] = "sel-sou", ["Southern Sierra Miwok"] = "skd", ["Southern Tidung"] = "itd", ["Southern Tiwa"] = "tix", ["Southern Toussian"] = "wib", ["Southern Tujia"] = "tjs", ["Southern Tutchone"] = "tce", ["Southern Valley Yokuts"] = "yok-svy", ["Southern Yukaghir"] = "yux", ["Southwest Gbaya"] = "gso", ["Southwest Pashayi"] = "psh", ["Southwest Tanna"] = "nwi", ["Southwestern Bontoc"] = "vbk", ["Southwestern Dinka"] = "dik", ["Southwestern Fars"] = "fay", ["Southwestern Guiyang Hmong"] = "hmg", ["Southwestern Huishui Hmong"] = "hmh", ["Southwestern Nisu"] = "nsv", ["Southwestern Tamang"] = "tsf", ["Southwestern Tarahumara"] = "twr", ["Southwestern Tepehuan"] = "tla", ["Southwestern Tlaxiaco Mixtec"] = "meh", ["Sowa"] = "sww", ["Sowanda"] = "sow", ["Soyaltepec Mazatec"] = "vmp", ["Soyaltepec Mixtec"] = "vmq", ["Spanish Sign Language"] = "ssp", ["Spiti Bhoti"] = "spt", ["Spokane"] = "spo", ["Squamish"] = "squ", ["ซรานันโตโง"] = "srn", ["Sri Lankan Creole Malay"] = "sci", ["Sri Lankan Sign Language"] = "sqs", ["Stau"] = "ero-tau", ["Stod Bhoti"] = "sbu", ["Stoney"] = "sto", ["Suabo"] = "szp", ["Suarmin"] = "seo", ["Suau"] = "swp", ["Suba"] = "sxb", ["Suba-Simbiti"] = "ssc", ["Subi"] = "xsj", ["Subiya"] = "sbs", ["Subtiaba"] = "sut", ["Sudest"] = "tgo", ["Suena"] = "sue", ["Suga"] = "sgi", ["Suganga"] = "sug", ["Sugut Dusun"] = "kzs", ["Suki"] = "sui", ["Suku"] = "sub", ["Sukuma"] = "suk", ["Sukur"] = "syk", ["Sukurum"] = "zsu", ["Sula"] = "szn", ["Sulka"] = "sua", ["Sulod"] = "srg", ["Suma"] = "sqm", ["Sumariup"] = "siv", ["Sumau"] = "six", ["Sumbawa"] = "smw", ["Sumbwa"] = "suw", ["Sumtu Chin"] = "csv", ["Sunam"] = "ssk", ["Sungwadaga"] = "mwo", ["Sungwadia"] = "mrb", ["Sunum"] = "ymn", ["Sunwar"] = "suz", ["Suoy"] = "syo", ["Supyire"] = "spp", ["Sur"] = "tdl", ["Surbakhal"] = "sbj", ["Suri"] = "suq", ["Surjapuri"] = "sjp", ["Sursurunga"] = "sgz", ["Suruahá"] = "swx", ["Surubu"] = "sde", ["Suruí"] = "sru", ["Suruí Do Pará"] = "mdz", ["Susquehannock"] = "sqn", ["Susu"] = "sus", ["Susuami"] = "ssu", ["Suundi"] = "sdj", ["Suwawa"] = "swu", ["Suyá"] = "suy", ["Svan"] = "sva", ["Swabian"] = "swg", ["Swampy Cree"] = "csw", ["สวาซี"] = "ss", ["Swedish Sign Language"] = "swl", ["Swiss-French Sign Language"] = "ssr", ["Swiss-German Sign Language"] = "sgg", ["Swiss-Italian Sign Language"] = "slf", ["Swo"] = "sox", ["Syenara Senoufo"] = "shz", ["Sácata"] = "sai-sac", ["São Paulo Kaingáng"] = "zkp", ["Sãotomense"] = "cri", ["Sìcìté Sénoufo"] = "sep", ["Sîshëë"] = "sih", ["Sô"] = "sss", ["T'en"] = "tct", ["Taabwa"] = "tap", ["Taba"] = "mky", ["Tabaa Zapotec"] = "zat", ["Tabancale"] = "sai-tab", ["Tabaru"] = "tby", ["Tabasco Nahuatl"] = "nhc", ["Tabasco Zoque"] = "zoq", ["Tabla"] = "tnm", ["Tabo"] = "knv", ["Tabriak"] = "tzx", ["Tacahua Mixtec"] = "xtt", ["Tacana"] = "tna", ["Tachawit"] = "shy", ["Tadaksahak"] = "dsq", ["Tadyawan"] = "tdy", ["Tae'"] = "rob", ["Tafi"] = "tcd", ["Tafreshi"] = "xme-taf", ["Tagabawa"] = "bgs", ["Tagal Murut"] = "mvv", ["Tagbu"] = "tbm", ["Tagdal"] = "tda", ["Tagish"] = "tgx", ["Tagoi"] = "tag", ["Tagwana Senoufo"] = "tgw", ["Tahltan"] = "tht", ["Tai"] = "taw", ["Tai Hang Tong"] = "thc", ["Tai Hongjin"] = "tiz", ["Tai Loi"] = "tlq", ["Tai Long"] = "thi", ["Tai Pao"] = "tpo", ["Tai Thanh"] = "tmm", ["Tai Ya"] = "cuu", ["Taiap"] = "gpn", ["Taikat"] = "aos", ["Taimyr Pidgin Russian"] = "crp-tpr", ["Tainae"] = "ago", ["Tairuma"] = "uar", ["Taita"] = "dav", ["Taivoan"] = "tvx", ["Taiwan Sign Language"] = "tss", ["Taje"] = "pee", ["Tajio"] = "tdj", ["Tajuasohn"] = "tja", ["Takelma"] = "tkm", ["Takia"] = "tbc", ["Takua"] = "tkz", ["Takuu"] = "nho", ["Takwane"] = "tke", ["Tal"] = "tal", ["Tala"] = "tak", ["Talaud"] = "tld", ["Taliabu"] = "tlv", ["Talieng"] = "tdf", ["Talinga-Bwisi"] = "tlj", ["Talise"] = "tlr", ["Tallán"] = "sai-tal", ["Talodi"] = "tlo", ["Taloki"] = "tlk", ["Talondo'"] = "tln", ["Talossan"] = "tzl", ["Talu"] = "yta", ["Talysh"] = "tly", ["Tama (Chad)"] = "tma", ["Tama (Colombia)"] = "ten", ["Tamagario"] = "tcg", ["Tamambo"] = "mla", ["Taman (Indonesia)"] = "tmn", ["Taman (Myanmar)"] = "tcl", ["Tamanaku"] = "tmz", ["Tamazola Mixtec"] = "vmx", ["Tambas"] = "tdk", ["Tambora"] = "xxt", ["Tambotalo"] = "tls", ["Tambunan Dusun"] = "kzt", ["Tami"] = "tmy", ["Tamki"] = "tax", ["Tamnim Citak"] = "tml", ["Tampias Lobu"] = "low", ["Tampuan"] = "tpu", ["Tampulma"] = "tpm", ["Tanacross"] = "tcb", ["Tanahmerah"] = "tcm", ["Tanapag"] = "tpv", ["Tanchangya"] = "tnv", ["Tandia"] = "tni", ["Tanema"] = "tnx", ["Tangale"] = "tan", ["Tanggu"] = "tgu", ["Tangkhul Naga"] = "nmf", ["Tangko"] = "tkx", ["Tangoa"] = "tgp", ["Tangsa"] = "nst", ["Tanguat"] = "tbs", ["Tangwang"] = "mis-tnw", ["Tanimbili"] = "tbe", ["Tanimuca-Retuarã"] = "tnc", ["Tanjijili"] = "uji", ["Tanudan Kalinga"] = "kml", ["Tanzanian Sign Language"] = "tza", ["Tapachultec"] = "nai-tap", ["Taparita"] = "sai-tpr", ["Tapayuna"] = "sai-tap", ["Tapeba"] = "tbb", ["Tapei"] = "afp", ["Tapieté"] = "tpj", ["Tapirapé"] = "taf", ["Tar Gula"] = "kcm", ["Tara Baka"] = "bdh", ["Tarairiú"] = "sai-trr", ["Tarantino"] = "roa-tar", ["Tarao"] = "tro", ["Taraon"] = "mhu", ["Tareng"] = "tgr", ["Tariana"] = "tae", ["Tarjumo"] = "txj", ["Tarok"] = "yer", ["Taroko"] = "trv", ["Tarpia"] = "tpf", ["Tartessian"] = "txr", ["Taruma"] = "tdm", ["Tasawaq"] = "twq", ["Tashelhit"] = "shi", ["Tasmate"] = "tmt", ["Tat"] = "ttt", ["Tataltepec Chatino"] = "cta", ["Tatana"] = "txx", ["Tataviam"] = "azc-tat", ["Tatuyo"] = "tav", ["Tauade"] = "ttd", ["Taulil"] = "tuh", ["Taungyo"] = "tco", ["Taupota"] = "tpa", ["Tause"] = "tad", ["Taushiro"] = "trr", ["Tauya"] = "tya", ["Taveta"] = "tvs", ["Tavoyan"] = "tvn", ["Tavringer Romani"] = "rmu", ["Tawala"] = "tbo", ["Tawandê"] = "xtw", ["Tawang Monpa"] = "twm", ["Tawasa"] = "nai-taw", ["Taworta"] = "tbp", ["Tawoyan"] = "twy", ["Tawr Chin"] = "tcp", ["Tay Khang"] = "tnu", ["Tayabas Ayta"] = "ayy", ["Taymanitic"] = "sem-tay", ["Tayo"] = "cks", ["Tchitchege"] = "tck", ["Tchumbuli"] = "bqa", ["Te'un"] = "tve", ["Teanu"] = "tkw", ["Tebul Sign Language"] = "tsy", ["Tebul Ure Dogon"] = "dtu", ["Tecpatlán Totonac"] = "tcw", ["Tedaga"] = "tuq", ["Tedim Chin"] = "ctd", ["Tee"] = "tkq", ["Tefaro"] = "tfo", ["Tegali"] = "ras", ["Tehit"] = "kps", ["Tehuelche"] = "teh", ["Teiwa"] = "twe", ["Tejalapan Zapotec"] = "ztt", ["Teke-Fuumu"] = "ifm", ["Teke-Kukuya"] = "kkw", ["Teke-Laali"] = "lli", ["Teke-Tege"] = "teg", ["Teke-Tsaayi"] = "tyi", ["Teke-Tyee"] = "tyx", ["Tektiteko"] = "ttc", ["Tela-Masbuar"] = "tvm", ["Telefol"] = "tlf", ["Teluti"] = "tlt", ["Tem"] = "kdh", ["Temascaltepec Nahuatl"] = "nhv", ["Tembé"] = "tqb", ["Teme"] = "tdo", ["Temein"] = "teq", ["Temi"] = "soz", ["Temne"] = "tem", ["Temoaya Otomi"] = "ott", ["Temoq"] = "tmo", ["Tempasuk Dusun"] = "tdu", ["Ten'edn"] = "tnz", ["Tenango Otomi"] = "otn", ["Tene Kan Dogon"] = "dtk", ["Tenggarong Kutai Malay"] = "vkt", ["Tengger"] = "tes", ["Tenharim"] = "pah", ["Tenino"] = "tqn", ["Tenis"] = "tns", ["Tennet"] = "tex", ["Teojomulco Chatino"] = "omq-teo", ["Teop"] = "tio", ["Teor"] = "tev", ["Tepecano"] = "tep", ["Tepetotutla Chinantec"] = "cnt", ["Tepeuxila Cuicatec"] = "cux", ["Tepinapa Chinantec"] = "cte", ["Tepo Krumen"] = "ted", ["Teposcolula Mixtec"] = "omq-tel", ["Tequistlatec"] = "nai-teq", ["Ter Sami"] = "sjt", ["Tera"] = "ttr", ["Terebu"] = "trb", ["Terei"] = "buo", ["Tereno"] = "ter", ["Teressa"] = "tef", ["Tereweng"] = "twg", ["Teribe"] = "tfr", ["Terik"] = "tec", ["Termanu"] = "twu", ["Ternateño"] = "tmg", ["Tese"] = "keg", ["Teshenawa"] = "twc", ["Tetela"] = "tll", ["Tetelcingo Nahuatl"] = "nhg", ["Tetete"] = "teb", ["Tetserret"] = "tez", ["Tetun Dili"] = "tdt", ["Teushen"] = "sai-teu", ["Teutila Cuicatec"] = "cut", ["Tewa"] = "tew", ["Texcatepec Otomi"] = "otx", ["Texistepec Popoluca"] = "poq", ["Texmelucan Zapotec"] = "zpz", ["Tezoatlán Mixtec"] = "mxb", ["Tha"] = "thy", ["Thachanadan"] = "thn", ["Thado Chin"] = "tcz", ["Thaiphum Chin"] = "cth", ["Thakali"] = "ths", ["Thamudic"] = "sem-tha", ["Thangal Naga"] = "nki", ["Thangmi"] = "thf", ["Thao"] = "ssf", ["Tharaka"] = "thk", ["Tharrgari"] = "dhr", ["Thawa"] = "xtv", ["Tho"] = "tou", ["Thompson"] = "thp", ["Thopho"] = "ytp", ["Thracian"] = "txh", ["Thu Lao"] = "tyl", ["Thulung"] = "tdh", ["Thurawal"] = "tbh", ["Thuri"] = "thu", ["Tiagba"] = "ahi", ["Tiale"] = "mnl", ["Tiang"] = "tbj", ["Tibea"] = "ngy", ["Tibetan Sign Language"] = "lsn", ["Ticuna"] = "tca", ["Tidaá Mixtec"] = "mtx", ["Tiemacèwè Bozo"] = "boo", ["Tiene"] = "tii", ["Tifal"] = "tif", ["Tigak"] = "tgc", ["Tigon Mbembe"] = "nza", ["Tii"] = "txq", ["Tijaltepec Mixtec"] = "xtl", ["Tikar"] = "tik", ["Tikopia"] = "tkp", ["Tilapa Otomi"] = "otl", ["Tillamook"] = "til", ["Tilquiapan Zapotec"] = "zts", ["Tilung"] = "tij", ["Tima"] = "tms", ["Timbe"] = "tim", ["Timor Pidgin"] = "tvy", ["Timote"] = "sai-tim", ["Timucua"] = "tjm", ["Timugon Murut"] = "tih", ["Tinani"] = "lbf", ["Tindi"] = "tin", ["Tingui-Boto"] = "tgv", ["Tinigua"] = "tit", ["Tinoc Kallahan"] = "tne", ["Tinputz"] = "tpz", ["Tinrin"] = "cir", ["Tipai"] = "nai-tip", ["Tippera"] = "tpe", ["Tira"] = "tic", ["Tirahi"] = "tra", ["Tiranige Diga Dogon"] = "tde", ["Tirax"] = "mme", ["Tita"] = "tdq", ["Titan"] = "ttv", ["Tiv"] = "tiv", ["Tiwa"] = "lax", ["Tiwi"] = "tiw", ["Tiéfo"] = "tiq", ["Tiéyaxo Bozo"] = "boz", ["Tjurruru"] = "tju", ["Tlachichilco Tepehua"] = "tpt", ["Tlacoapa Me'phaa"] = "tpl", ["Tlacoatzintepec Chinantec"] = "ctl", ["Tlacolulita Zapotec"] = "zpk", ["Tlahuica"] = "ocu", ["Tlahuitoltepec Mixe"] = "mxp", ["Tlamacazapa Nahuatl"] = "nuz", ["Tlazoyaltepec Mixtec"] = "mqh", ["Tlingit"] = "tli", ["To"] = "toz", ["To'abaita"] = "mlu", ["Toaripi"] = "tqo", ["Toba"] = "tob", ["Toba Batak"] = "bbc", ["Toba-Maskoy"] = "tmf", ["Tobagonian Creole English"] = "tgh", ["Tobanga"] = "tng", ["Tobati"] = "tti", ["Tobelo"] = "tlb", ["Tobian"] = "tox", ["Tobilung"] = "tgb", ["Tobo"] = "tbv", ["Tocantins Asurini"] = "asu", ["Tocho"] = "taz", ["Todrah"] = "tdr", ["Tofanma"] = "tlg", ["Tofin Gbe"] = "tfi", ["Togbo-Vara Banda"] = "tor", ["Togoyo"] = "tgy", ["Tojolabal"] = "toj", ["Toka-Leya"] = "dov", ["Tokano"] = "zuh", ["Tokelauan"] = "tkl", ["Toki Pona"] = "tok", ["Tol"] = "jic", ["Tolai"] = "ksd", ["Tolaki"] = "lbw", ["Tolomako"] = "tlm", ["Tolowa"] = "tol", ["Toloza"] = "ytl", ["Toma"] = "tod", ["Tomadino"] = "tdi", ["Tombelala"] = "ttp", ["Tombonuo"] = "txa", ["Tombulu"] = "tom", ["Tomini"] = "txm", ["Tommeginne"] = "xpv", ["Tommo So"] = "dto", ["Tomo Kan Dogon"] = "dtm", ["Tomoip"] = "tqp", ["Tondano"] = "tdn", ["Tonga (Malawi)"] = "tog", ["Tonga (Mozambique)"] = "toh", ["Tonga (Zambia)"] = "toi", ["Tongwe"] = "tny", ["Tonjon"] = "tjn", ["Tonkawa"] = "tqw", ["Tonsawang"] = "tnw", ["Tonsea"] = "txs", ["Tontemboan"] = "tnt", ["Toogee"] = "xpx", ["Tooro"] = "ttj", ["Topoiyo"] = "toy", ["Toposa"] = "toq", ["Toraja-Sa'dan"] = "sda", ["Toram"] = "trj", ["Torau"] = "ttu", ["Toro"] = "tdv", ["Toro So Dogon"] = "dts", ["Toro Tegu Dogon"] = "dtt", ["Toromono"] = "tno", ["Torona"] = "tqr", ["ครีโอลช่องแคบทอร์เรส"] = "tcs", ["Torricelli"] = "tei", ["Torricelli Yau"] = "yyu", ["Torwali"] = "trw", ["Torá"] = "trz", ["Tosu"] = "sit-tos", ["Totela"] = "ttl", ["Toto"] = "txo", ["Totoli"] = "txe", ["Totomachapan Zapotec"] = "zph", ["Totontepec Mixe"] = "mto", ["Totoro"] = "ttk", ["Touo"] = "tqu", ["Toura"] = "neb", ["Towei"] = "ttn", ["Transylvanian Saxon"] = "gmw-tsx", ["Traveller Danish"] = "rmd", ["Traveller Norwegian"] = "rmg", ["Traveller Scottish"] = "trl", ["Tregami"] = "trm", ["Tremembé"] = "tme", ["Trieng"] = "stg", ["Trimuris"] = "tip", ["Tring"] = "tgq", ["Tringgus"] = "trx", ["Trinidad and Tobago Sign Language"] = "lst", ["Trinidadian Creole English"] = "trf", ["Trinitario"] = "trn", ["Trió"] = "tri", ["Truká"] = "tka", ["Trumai"] = "tpy", ["Ts'ün-Lao"] = "tsl", ["Tsaangi"] = "tsa", ["Tsafiki"] = "cof", ["Tsakhur"] = "tkr", ["Tsakonian"] = "tsd", ["Tsakwambo"] = "kvz", ["Tsamai"] = "tsb", ["Tsat"] = "huq", ["Tsetsaut"] = "txc", ["Tsez"] = "ddo", ["Tshangla"] = "tsj", ["Tshobdun"] = "sit-tsh", ["Tshwa"] = "hio", ["Tsikimba"] = "kdl", ["Tsimané"] = "cas", ["Tsimshian"] = "tsi", ["Tsishingini"] = "tsw", ["Tso"] = "ldp", ["Tsogo"] = "tsv", ["Tsonga"] = "ts", ["Tsotsitaal"] = "fly", ["Tsucuba"] = "cbq", ["Tsum"] = "ttz", ["Tsuut'ina"] = "srs", ["Tsuvadi"] = "tvd", ["Tsuvan"] = "tsh", ["Tswa"] = "tsc", ["Tswapong"] = "two", ["Tuamotuan"] = "pmt", ["Tuareg"] = "tmh", ["Tubar"] = "tbu", ["Tucano"] = "tuo", ["Tugen"] = "tuy", ["Tugun"] = "tzn", ["Tugutil"] = "tuj", ["Tukang Besi North"] = "khc", ["Tukang Besi South"] = "bhq", ["Tuki"] = "bag", ["Tukpa"] = "tpq", ["Tukudede"] = "tkd", ["Tukumanféd"] = "tkf", ["Tula"] = "tul", ["Tule-Kaweah Yokuts"] = "yok-tky", ["Tulehu"] = "tlu", ["Tulishi"] = "tey", ["Tulu-Bohuai"] = "rak", ["Tulua"] = "aus-tul", ["Tuma-Irumu"] = "iou", ["Tumak"] = "tmc", ["Tumbuka"] = "tum", ["Tumi"] = "kku", ["Tumleo"] = "tmq", ["Tumtum"] = "tbr", ["Tumulung Sisaala"] = "sil", ["Tundra Enets"] = "enh", ["Tundra Nenets"] = "yrk-tun", ["Tunen"] = "tvu", ["Tungag"] = "lcm", ["Tunggare"] = "trt", ["Tunia"] = "tug", ["Tunica"] = "tun", ["Tunisian Sign Language"] = "tse", ["Tunjung"] = "tjg", ["Tunni"] = "tqq", ["Tunumiisut"] = "esx-tut", ["Tunzu"] = "dza", ["Tuoba"] = "mis-tuo", ["Tuotomb"] = "ttf", ["Tuparí"] = "tpr", ["Tupinambá"] = "tpn", ["Tupinikin"] = "tpk", ["Tupuri"] = "tui", ["Turaka"] = "trh", ["Turdetanian"] = "mis-tdt", ["Turdulian"] = "mis-tdl", ["Turi"] = "trd", ["Turiwára"] = "twt", ["Turka"] = "tuz", ["Turkana"] = "tuv", ["Turkish Sign Language"] = "tsm", ["Turks and Caicos Creole English"] = "tch", ["Turoyo"] = "tru", ["Turumsa"] = "tqm", ["Tuscarora"] = "tus", ["Tutelo"] = "tta", ["Tutong"] = "ttg", ["Tutsa Naga"] = "tvt", ["Tutuba"] = "tmi", ["Tututepec Mixtec"] = "mtu", ["Tututni"] = "tuu", ["Tuwali Ifugao"] = "ifk", ["Tuwari"] = "tww", ["Tuwuli"] = "bov", ["Tuxináwa"] = "tux", ["Tuxá"] = "tud", ["Tuyuca"] = "tue", ["Tuyuhun"] = "mis-tuh", ["Twana"] = "twa", ["Twendi"] = "twn", ["Tyap"] = "kcg", ["Tyaraity"] = "woa", ["Tyerrernotepanner"] = "xph", ["Tz'utujil"] = "tzj", ["Tzeltal"] = "tzh", ["Tày Tac"] = "tyt", ["Tây Bồi"] = "tas", ["Téén"] = "lor", ["Tübatulabal"] = "tub", ["U"] = "uuu", ["Uab Meto"] = "aoz", ["Uamué"] = "uam", ["Uare"] = "ksj", ["Ubaghara"] = "byc", ["Ubang"] = "uba", ["Ubi"] = "ubi", ["Ubir"] = "ubr", ["Ubykh"] = "uby", ["Ucayali-Yurúa Ashéninka"] = "cpb", ["Uda"] = "uda", ["Udihe"] = "ude", ["Uduk"] = "udu", ["Ufim"] = "ufi", ["Ugandan Sign Language"] = "ugn", ["Ughele"] = "uge", ["Uhami"] = "uha", ["Uisai"] = "uis", ["Ujir"] = "udj", ["Ukaan"] = "kcf", ["Ukhwejo"] = "ukh", ["Ukit"] = "umi", ["Ukpe-Bayobiri"] = "ukp", ["Ukpet-Ehom"] = "akd", ["Ukrainian Sign Language"] = "ukl", ["Ukue"] = "uku", ["Ukuriguma"] = "ukg", ["Ukwa"] = "ukq", ["Ukwuani-Aboh-Ndoni"] = "ukw", ["Ulau-Suain"] = "svb", ["Ulch"] = "ulc", ["Uldeme"] = "udl", ["Ulithian"] = "uli", ["Ullatan"] = "ull", ["Ulumanda'"] = "ulm", ["Ulwa"] = "ulw", ["Uma"] = "ppk", ["Uma' Lasan"] = "xky", ["Uma' Lung"] = "ulu", ["Umanakaina"] = "gdn", ["Umatilla"] = "uma", ["Umbindhamu"] = "umd", ["Umbu-Ungu"] = "ubu", ["Umbugarla"] = "umr", ["Umbundu"] = "umb", ["Umbuygamu"] = "umg", ["Ume Sami"] = "sju", ["Umeda"] = "upi", ["Umiida"] = "xud", ["Umiray Dumaget Agta"] = "due", ["Umon"] = "umm", ["Umotína"] = "umo", ["Umpila"] = "ump", ["Una"] = "mtg", ["Unami"] = "unm", ["Unde Kaili"] = "unz", ["Undetermined"] = "und", ["Uneapa"] = "bbn", ["Uneme"] = "une", ["Unggaranggu"] = "xun", ["Unggumi"] = "xgu", ["Unua"] = "onu", ["Unubahe"] = "unu", ["Uokha"] = "uok", ["Upper Chehalis"] = "cjh", ["Upper Grand Valley Dani"] = "dna", ["Upper Kuskokwim"] = "kuu", ["Upper Necaxa Totonac"] = "tku", ["Upper Ta'oih"] = "tth", ["Upper Tanana"] = "tau", ["Upper Taromi"] = "tov", ["Upper Umpqua"] = "xup", ["Ura (New Guinea)"] = "uro", ["Ura (Vanuatu)"] = "uur", ["Uradhi"] = "urf", ["Urali"] = "url", ["Urapmin"] = "urm", ["Urarina"] = "ura", ["Urartian"] = "xur", ["Urat"] = "urt", ["Urhobo"] = "urh", ["Uri"] = "uvh", ["Urigina"] = "urg", ["Urim"] = "uri", ["Urimo"] = "urx", ["Urningangg"] = "urc", ["Uru"] = "ure", ["Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau"] = "urz", ["Uru-Pa-In"] = "urp", ["Uruangnirin"] = "urn", ["Uruava"] = "urv", ["Urubú-Kaapor"] = "urb", ["Uruguayan Sign Language"] = "ugy", ["Urum"] = "uum", ["Urumi"] = "uru", ["Usaghade"] = "usk", ["Usan"] = "wnu", ["Usarufa"] = "usa", ["Ushojo"] = "ush", ["Usila Chinantec"] = "cuc", ["Uspanteco"] = "usp", ["Usui"] = "usi", ["Utarmbung"] = "omo", ["Ute"] = "ute", ["Utu"] = "utu", ["Uvbie"] = "evh", ["Uwinymil"] = "aus-uwi", ["Uya"] = "usu", ["Uyajitaya"] = "duk", ["Uzekwe"] = "eze", ["Vaagri Booli"] = "vaa", ["Vaghri"] = "vgr", ["Vaghua"] = "tva", ["Vagla"] = "vag", ["Vaiphei"] = "vap", ["Vale"] = "vae", ["Valencian Sign Language"] = "vsv", ["Valle Nacional Chinantec"] = "cvn", ["Valley Maidu"] = "vmv", ["Valman"] = "van", ["Valpei"] = "vlp", ["Vamale"] = "mkt", ["Vame"] = "mlr", ["Vangunu"] = "mpr", ["Vanimo"] = "vam", ["Vanji"] = "ira-wnj", ["Vanuma"] = "vau", ["Vao"] = "vao", ["Varhadi"] = "vah", ["Varisi"] = "vrs", ["Varli"] = "vav", ["Vasavi"] = "vas", ["Vayu"] = "vay", ["Veddah"] = "ved", ["Vehes"] = "val", ["Vemgo-Mabas"] = "vem", ["Venetic"] = "xve", ["Venezuelan Sign Language"] = "vsl", ["Ventureño"] = "veo", ["Vera'a"] = "vra", ["Vestinian"] = "xvs", ["Vidunda"] = "vid", ["Viemo"] = "vig", ["Vilela"] = "vil", ["Vili"] = "vif", ["Villa Viciosa Agta"] = "dyg", ["Vincentian Creole English"] = "svc", ["Virgin Islands Creole"] = "vic", ["Vishavan"] = "vis", ["Viti"] = "vit", ["Vitou"] = "vto", ["Viya"] = "gev", ["Vlax Romani"] = "rmy", ["Volscian"] = "xvo", ["Vono"] = "kch", ["Voro"] = "vor", ["Vumbu"] = "vum", ["Vunapu"] = "vnp", ["Vunjo"] = "vun", ["Vurës"] = "msn", ["Vute"] = "vut", ["Wa"] = "wbm", ["Wa'ema"] = "wag", ["Waama"] = "wwa", ["Waamwang"] = "wmn", ["Wab"] = "wab", ["Wabo"] = "wbb", ["Waboda"] = "kmx", ["Waci Gbe"] = "wci", ["Wadaginam"] = "wdg", ["Waddar"] = "wbq", ["Wadi Wadi"] = "xwd", ["Wadiyara Koli"] = "kxp", ["Wadjabangayi"] = "wdy", ["Wadjiginy"] = "wdj", ["Wadjigu"] = "wdu", ["Wae Rana"] = "wrx", ["Waffa"] = "waj", ["Wagawaga"] = "wgb", ["Wagaya"] = "wga", ["Wagdi"] = "wbr", ["Wageman"] = "waq", ["Wagi"] = "fad", ["Wahau Kayan"] = "whu", ["Wahau Kenyah"] = "whk", ["Wahgi"] = "wgi", ["Waigali"] = "wbk", ["Waigeo"] = "wgo", ["Waikuri"] = "nai-wai", ["Wailaki"] = "wlk", ["Wailapa"] = "wlr", ["Waima'a"] = "wmh", ["Waimaha"] = "bao", ["Waimiri-Atroari"] = "atr", ["Wainumá"] = "awd-wai", ["Waioli"] = "wli", ["Waitaká"] = "sai-wai", ["Waiwai"] = "waw", ["Waja"] = "wja", ["Wajarri"] = "wbv", ["Wajuk"] = "xwj", ["Waka"] = "wav", ["Wakawaka"] = "wkw", ["Wakhi"] = "wbl", ["Wakoná"] = "waf", ["Wala"] = "lgl", ["Walak"] = "wlw", ["Walangama"] = "nlw", ["Wali (Ghana)"] = "wlx", ["Wali (Sudan)"] = "wll", ["Waling"] = "wly", ["Walio"] = "wla", ["Walla Walla"] = "waa", ["Wallisian"] = "wls", ["Walmajarri"] = "wmt", ["Wam"] = "wmo", ["Wamas"] = "wmc", ["Wambaya"] = "wmb", ["Wambon"] = "wms", ["Wambule"] = "wme", ["Wamey"] = "cou", ["Wamin"] = "wmi", ["Wampar"] = "lbq", ["Wampur"] = "waz", ["Wan"] = "wan", ["Wanambre"] = "wnb", ["Wanap"] = "wnp", ["Wancho"] = "nnp", ["Wanda"] = "wbh", ["Wandala"] = "mfi", ["Wandamen"] = "wad", ["Wandarang"] = "wnd", ["Wandji"] = "wdd", ["Waneci"] = "wne", ["Wanga"] = "lwg", ["Wanggamala"] = "wnm", ["Wangganguru"] = "wgg", ["Wanggom"] = "wng", ["Wangkayutyuru"] = "wky", ["Wangkumara"] = "xwk", ["Wanham"] = "sai-wnm", ["Wanji"] = "wbi", ["Wanman"] = "wbt", ["Wannu"] = "jub", ["Wano"] = "wno", ["Wantoat"] = "wnc", ["Wanukaka"] = "wnk", ["Wanyi"] = "wny", ["Wané"] = "hwa", ["Wapan"] = "juk", ["Wapishana"] = "wap", ["Wappo"] = "wao", ["War-Jaintia"] = "aml", ["Wara"] = "wbf", ["Warapu"] = "wra", ["Waray Sorsogon"] = "srv", ["Wardaman"] = "wrr", ["Wardandi"] = "wxw", ["Warekena"] = "gae", ["Warembori"] = "wsa", ["Wari'"] = "pav", ["Waris"] = "wrs", ["Waritai"] = "wbe", ["Wariyangga"] = "wri", ["Warji"] = "wji", ["Warkay-Bipim"] = "bgv", ["Warlmanpa"] = "wrl", ["Warlpiri"] = "wbp", ["Warluwara"] = "wrb", ["Warnang"] = "wrn", ["Waropen"] = "wrp", ["Warray"] = "wrz", ["Warrgamay"] = "wgy", ["Warrwa"] = "wwr", ["Waru"] = "wru", ["Warumungu"] = "wrm", ["Waruna"] = "wrv", ["Warungu"] = "wrg", ["Warwar Feni"] = "hrw", ["Wasco-Wishram"] = "wac", ["Wasembo"] = "gsp", ["Washo"] = "was", ["Waskia"] = "wsk", ["Wastek"] = "hus", ["Wasu"] = "wsu", ["Watakataui"] = "wtk", ["Watam"] = "wax", ["Wathaurong"] = "wth", ["วาตีวา"] = "wtf", ["Watubela"] = "wah", ["Waube"] = "kop", ["Wauja"] = "wau", ["Wauyai"] = "wuy", ["Wawa"] = "www", ["Wawonii"] = "wow", ["Waxiang"] = "wxa", ["Wayampi"] = "oym", ["Wayana"] = "way", ["Wayanad Chetti"] = "ctt", ["Wayoró"] = "wyr", ["Wayumara"] = "sai-way", ["Wayuu"] = "guc", ["Wedau"] = "wed", ["Weh"] = "weh", ["Welaung"] = "weu", ["Weliki"] = "klh", ["Welsh Romani"] = "rmw", ["Wemale"] = "weo", ["Wemba-Wemba"] = "xww", ["Weme Gbe"] = "wem", ["Wendat"] = "wdt", ["Weri"] = "wer", ["Wersing"] = "kvw", ["West Albay Bikol"] = "fbl", ["West Ambae"] = "nnd", ["West Central Banda"] = "bbp", ["West Damar"] = "drn", ["West Flemish"] = "vls", ["West Greenlandic Pidgin"] = "crp-gep", ["West Lembata"] = "lmj", ["West Makian"] = "mqs", ["West Masela"] = "mss", ["West Tarangan"] = "txn", ["West Uvean"] = "uve", ["West-Central Limba"] = "lia", ["Western Arrernte"] = "are", ["Western Bolivian Guarani"] = "gnw", ["Western Bukidnon Manobo"] = "mbb", ["Western Dani"] = "dnw", ["Western Durango Nahuatl"] = "azn", ["Western Fijian"] = "wyy", ["Western Gurung"] = "gvr", ["Western Highland Chatino"] = "ctp", ["Western Huasteca Nahuatl"] = "nhw", ["Western Jicaque"] = "nai-wji", ["Western Juxtlahuaca Mixtec"] = "jmx", ["Western Karaboro"] = "kza", ["Western Keres"] = "kjq", ["Western Krahn"] = "krw", ["Western Lalu"] = "ywl", ["Western Magar"] = "mrd", ["Western Maninkakan"] = "mlq", ["Western Mari"] = "mrj", ["Western Mashan Hmong"] = "hmw", ["Western Meohang"] = "raf", ["Western Muria"] = "mut", ["Western Neo-Aramaic"] = "amw", ["Western Ojibwa"] = "ojw", ["Western Parbate Kham"] = "kjl", ["Western Penan"] = "pne", ["Western Sisaala"] = "ssl", ["Western Subanon"] = "suc", ["Western Tamang"] = "tdg", ["Western Tawbuid"] = "twb", ["Western Totonac"] = "tqt", ["Western Tunebo"] = "tnb", ["Western Xiangxi Miao"] = "mmr", ["Western Xwla Gbe"] = "xwl", ["Western Yugur"] = "ybe", ["Wewaw"] = "wea", ["Weyewa"] = "wew", ["Weyto"] = "woy", ["White Gelao"] = "giw", ["White Lachi"] = "lwh", ["Whitesands"] = "tnp", ["Wiarumus"] = "tua", ["Wichita"] = "wic", ["Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay"] = "mzh", ["Wichí Lhamtés Nocten"] = "mtp", ["Wichí Lhamtés Vejoz"] = "wlv", ["Wik-Epa"] = "wie", ["Wik-Iiyanh"] = "wij", ["Wik-Keyangan"] = "wif", ["Wik-Me'anha"] = "wih", ["Wik-Mungkan"] = "wim", ["Wik-Ngathana"] = "wig", ["Wikalkan"] = "wik", ["Wikngenchera"] = "wua", ["Wilawila"] = "wil", ["Wintu"] = "wnw", ["Winyé"] = "kst", ["Wipi"] = "gdr", ["Wiradjuri"] = "wrh", ["Wiraféd"] = "wir", ["Wirangu"] = "wgu", ["Wiru"] = "wiu", ["Wirö"] = "wpc", ["Wiwa"] = "mbp", ["Wiyot"] = "wiy", ["Wobé"] = "wob", ["Woccon"] = "xwc", ["Wogamusin"] = "wog", ["Wogeo"] = "woc", ["Woi"] = "wbw", ["Woiwurrung"] = "wyi", ["Wojenaka"] = "jod", ["Wolane"] = "wle", ["Wolani"] = "wod", ["Wolaytta"] = "wal", ["Woleaian"] = "woe", ["Wolio"] = "wlo", ["Womo"] = "wmx", ["Wong-gie"] = "aus-won", ["Wongo"] = "won", ["Woods Cree"] = "cwd", ["Woria"] = "wor", ["Worimi"] = "kda", ["Worodougou"] = "jud", ["Worora"] = "wro", ["Wotapuri-Katarqalai"] = "wsv", ["Wotu"] = "wtw", ["Woun Meu"] = "noa", ["Written Oirat"] = "xwo", ["Wudu"] = "wud", ["Wuhuan"] = "mis-wuh", ["Wulguru"] = "aus-wul", ["Wuliwuli"] = "wlu", ["Wulna"] = "wux", ["Wumboko"] = "bqm", ["Wumbvu"] = "wum", ["Wumeng"] = "ywu", ["Wunai Bunu"] = "bwn", ["Wunambal"] = "wub", ["Wurrugu"] = "wur", ["Wusa"] = "yig", ["Wushi"] = "bse", ["Wusi"] = "wsi", ["Wutung"] = "wut", ["Wutunhua"] = "wuh", ["Wuvulu-Aua"] = "wuv", ["Wyandot"] = "wya", ["Wára"] = "tci", ["Wãpha"] = "juw", ["Wè Southern"] = "gxx", ["Wè Western"] = "wec", ["Xadani Zapotec"] = "zax", ["Xakriabá"] = "xkr", ["Xamtanga"] = "xan", ["Xanaguía Zapotec"] = "ztg", ["Xavante"] = "xav", ["Xerénte"] = "xer", ["Xetá"] = "xet", ["Xianbei"] = "mis-xbi", ["Xibe"] = "sjo", ["Xicotepec de Juárez Totonac"] = "too", ["Xinca"] = "xin", ["Xingú Asuriní"] = "asn", ["Xiongnu"] = "mis-xnu", ["Xipaya"] = "xiy", ["Xiri"] = "xii", ["Xiriâna"] = "xir", ["Xishanba Lalo"] = "ywt", ["Xocó"] = "sai-xoc", ["Xokleng"] = "xok", ["Xukurú"] = "xoo", ["Xwela Gbe"] = "xwe", ["Xârâgurè"] = "axx", ["Yaa"] = "iyx", ["Yaaku"] = "muu", ["Yabarana"] = "yar", ["Yabaâna"] = "ybn", ["Yaben"] = "ybm", ["Yabong"] = "ybo", ["Yabula Yabula"] = "yxy", ["Yace"] = "ekr", ["Yafi"] = "wfg", ["Yagara"] = "yxg", ["Yagaria"] = "ygr", ["Yaghnobi"] = "yai", ["Yagomi"] = "ygm", ["Yagua"] = "yad", ["Yagwoia"] = "ygw", ["Yahadian"] = "ner", ["Yahang"] = "rhp", ["Yahuna"] = "ynu", ["Yaka"] = "yaf", ["Yakaikeke"] = "ykk", ["Yakima"] = "yak", ["Yakkha"] = "ybh", ["Yakoma"] = "yky", ["Yala"] = "yba", ["Yalahatan"] = "jal", ["Yalakalore"] = "xyl", ["Yalarnnga"] = "ylr", ["Yale"] = "nce", ["Yaleba"] = "ylb", ["Yalunka"] = "yal", ["Yalálag Zapotec"] = "zpu", ["Yamap"] = "ymp", ["Yamba"] = "yam", ["Yamben"] = "ynb", ["Yambes"] = "ymb", ["Yambeta"] = "yat", ["Yamdena"] = "jmd", ["Yameo"] = "yme", ["Yaminahua"] = "yaa", ["Yamongeri"] = "ymg", ["Yamphu"] = "ybi", ["Yan-nhangu"] = "jay", ["Yana"] = "ynn", ["Yanda"] = "yda", ["Yanda Dogon"] = "dym", ["Yandjibara"] = "xyb", ["Yandruwandha"] = "ynd", ["Yanesha'"] = "ame", ["Yangben"] = "yav", ["Yangkaal"] = "aus-ynk", ["Yangkam"] = "bsx", ["Yangman"] = "jng", ["Yango"] = "yng", ["Yangulam"] = "ynl", ["Yangum Dey"] = "yde", ["Yangum Gel"] = "ygl", ["Yangum Mon"] = "ymo", ["Yankunytjatjara"] = "kdd", ["Yanomam"] = "wca", ["Yanomamö"] = "guu", ["Yansi"] = "yns", ["Yanyuwa"] = "jao", ["Yao"] = "yao", ["Yao (South America)"] = "sai-yao", ["Yaosakor Asmat"] = "asy", ["Yaouré"] = "yre", ["Yapese"] = "yap", ["Yapunda"] = "yev", ["Yaqay"] = "jaq", ["Yaqui"] = "yaq", ["Yarawata"] = "yrw", ["Yareba"] = "yrb", ["Yareni Zapotec"] = "zae", ["Yarli"] = "yxl", ["Yarluyandi"] = "yry", ["Yarumá"] = "sai-yar", ["Yarí"] = "yri", ["Yasa"] = "yko", ["Yatay"] = "yty", ["Yatee Zapotec"] = "zty", ["Yatzachi Zapotec"] = "zav", ["Yaul"] = "yla", ["Yaur"] = "jau", ["Yautepec Zapotec"] = "zpb", ["Yavitero"] = "yvt", ["Yawa"] = "yva", ["Yawalapití"] = "yaw", ["Yawanawa"] = "ywn", ["Yawarawarga"] = "yww", ["Yaweyuha"] = "yby", ["Yawijibaya"] = "jbw", ["Yawiyo"] = "ybx", ["Yawuru"] = "ywr", ["Yaygir"] = "xya", ["Yazghulami"] = "yah", ["Ye'kwana"] = "mch", ["Yei"] = "jei", ["Yekhee"] = "ets", ["Yekora"] = "ykr", ["Yele"] = "yle", ["Yelmek"] = "jel", ["Yelogu"] = "ylg", ["Yemaek"] = "hmk", ["Yemba"] = "ybb", ["Yemsa"] = "jnj", ["Yendang"] = "yen", ["Yeni"] = "yei", ["Yenish"] = "yec", ["Yerakai"] = "yra", ["Yeretuar"] = "gop", ["Yerong"] = "yrn", ["Yerukula"] = "yeu", ["Yeskwa"] = "yes", ["Yessan-Mayo"] = "yss", ["Yetfa"] = "yet", ["Yevanic"] = "yej", ["Yeyi"] = "yey", ["Yidgha"] = "ydg", ["Yidiny"] = "yii", ["Yil"] = "yll", ["Yilan Creole"] = "ycr", ["Yimas"] = "yee", ["Yimchungru Naga"] = "yim", ["Yinbaw Karen"] = "kvu", ["Yinchia"] = "yin", ["Yindjibarndi"] = "yij", ["Yindjilandji"] = "yil", ["Yine"] = "pib", ["Yinggarda"] = "yia", ["Yinhawangka"] = "ywg", ["Yiningayi"] = "ygi", ["Yintale Karen"] = "kvy", ["Yinwum"] = "yxm", ["Yir-Yoront"] = "yiy", ["Yirandali"] = "ljw", ["Yis"] = "yis", ["Yitha Yitha"] = "xth", ["Yoba"] = "yob", ["Yocoboué Dida"] = "gud", ["Yoidik"] = "ydk", ["Yoke"] = "yki", ["Yolmo"] = "scp", ["Yolngu Sign Language"] = "ygs", ["Yoloxochitl Mixtec"] = "xty", ["Yom"] = "pil", ["Yombe"] = "yom", ["Yongkom"] = "yon", ["Yopno"] = "yut", ["Yora"] = "mts", ["Yorta Yorta"] = "xyy", ["Yosondúa Mixtec"] = "mpm", ["Youle Jino"] = "jiu", ["Younuo Bunu"] = "buh", ["Yout Wam"] = "ytw", ["Yoy"] = "yoy", ["Yuanga"] = "nua", ["Yucatec Maya"] = "yua", ["Yucatec Maya Sign Language"] = "msd", ["Yuchi"] = "yuc", ["Yucuañe Mixtec"] = "mvg", ["Yucuna"] = "ycn", ["Yug"] = "yug", ["Yugambal"] = "yub", ["Yugoslavian Sign Language"] = "ysl", ["Yugul"] = "ygu", ["Yuhup"] = "yab", ["Yuki"] = "yuk", ["Yukpa"] = "yup", ["Yukuben"] = "ybl", ["Yulu"] = "yul", ["Yuma"] = "yum", ["Yumana"] = "awd-yum", ["Yupiltepeque"] = "nai-yup", ["Yupua"] = "sai-yup", ["Yuqui"] = "yuq", ["Yuracare"] = "yuz", ["Yuri"] = "sai-yri", ["Yurok"] = "yur", ["Yuru"] = "ljx", ["Yurumanguí"] = "sai-yur", ["Yurutí"] = "yui", ["Yutanduchi Mixtec"] = "mab", ["Yuwana"] = "yau", ["Yuyu"] = "yxu", ["Zaachila Zapotec"] = "ztx", ["Zabana"] = "kji", ["Zacatepec Chatino"] = "ctz", ["Zacatlán-Ahuacatlán-Tepetzintla Nahuatl"] = "nhi", ["Zaghawa"] = "zag", ["Zaiwa"] = "atb", ["Zakhring"] = "zkr", ["Zambian Sign Language"] = "zsl", ["Zan Gula"] = "zna", ["Zanaki"] = "zak", ["Zande"] = "zne", ["Zangwal"] = "zah", ["Zaniza Zapotec"] = "zpw", ["Zapotec"] = "zap", ["Zaramo"] = "zaj", ["Zari"] = "zaz", ["Zarma"] = "dje", ["Zauzou"] = "zal", ["Zay"] = "zwa", ["Zayein Karen"] = "kxk", ["Zayse-Zergulla"] = "zay", ["Zazao"] = "jaj", ["Zbu"] = "sit-zbu", ["Zealandic"] = "zea", ["Zeem"] = "zua", ["Zemba"] = "dhm", ["Zeme Naga"] = "nzm", ["Zenag"] = "zeg", ["Zenaga"] = "zen", ["Zenzontepec Chatino"] = "czn", ["Zhaba"] = "zhb", ["Zhang-Zhung"] = "xzh", ["Zhenan Min"] = "nan-zhe", ["Zhire"] = "zhi", ["Zhoa"] = "zhw", ["Zhár"] = "jjr", ["Zia"] = "zia", ["Zialo"] = "zil", ["Zigula"] = "ziw", ["Zimakani"] = "zik", ["Zimba"] = "zmb", ["Zimbabwe Sign Language"] = "zib", ["Zinza"] = "zin", ["Zirenkel"] = "zrn", ["Ziriya"] = "zir", ["Zizilivakan"] = "ziz", ["Zo'é"] = "pto", ["Zokhuo"] = "yzk", ["Zoogocho Zapotec"] = "zpq", ["Zotung Chin"] = "czt", ["Zou"] = "zom", ["Zulgo-Gemzek"] = "gnd", ["Zumaya"] = "zuy", ["Zumbun"] = "jmb", ["Zuwara"] = "ber-zuw", ["Zyphe"] = "zyp", ["Záparo"] = "zro", ["Àhàn"] = "ahn", ["Áncá"] = "acb", ["Äiwoo"] = "nfl", ["Äynu"] = "aib", ["Ömie"] = "aom", ["Önge"] = "oon", ["ǀXam"] = "xam", ["ǁAni"] = "hnh", ["ǁGana"] = "gnk", ["ǁXegwi"] = "xeg", ["ǂHoan"] = "huc", ["ǃKung"] = "khi-kun", ["ǃXóõ"] = "nmn", ["กงกัณ"] = "kok", ["กบาลัน"] = "ckv", ["กรีก"] = "el", ["กรีกแบบไมซีนี"] = "gmy", ["กรีกโบราณ"] = "grc", ["กรีนแลนด์"] = "kl", ["กวางตุ้ง"] = "yue", ["กอกบอรอก"] = "trp", ["กอท"] = "got", ["กอทแบบไครเมีย"] = "gme-cgo", ["กอล"] = "cel-gau", ["กะดู"] = "zkd", ["กะตูตะวันตก"] = "kuf", ["กะตูตะวันออก"] = "ktv", ["กะยัน"] = "pdu", ["กะยาตะวันตก"] = "kyu", ["กะยาตะวันออก"] = "eky", ["กะเหรี่ยงดั้งเดิม"] = "kar-pro", ["กะเหรี่ยงปะโอ"] = "blk", ["กะเหรี่ยงสะกอ"] = "ksw", ["กะเหรี่ยงโปตะวันตก"] = "pwo", ["กะเหรี่ยงโปตะวันออก"] = "kjp", ["กะเหรี่ยงโปเหนือ"] = "pww", ["กะเหรี่ยงโปแพร่"] = "kjt", ["กะไบล์"] = "kab", ["กัจฉ์"] = "kfr", ["กันกานาอือ"] = "kne", ["กันกานาอือเหนือ"] = "xnn", ["กันนฑะ"] = "kn", ["กัมเบอรา"] = "xbr", ["กัวรานีคลาสสิก"] = "gn-cls", ["กัวรานีแบบปารากวัย"] = "gug", ["กั้น"] = "gan", ["กากาอุซ"] = "gag", ["กาดาซันชายฝั่ง"] = "kzj", ["กาตาลา"] = "ca", ["กาตาลาเก่า"] = "roa-oca", ["กานูรี"] = "kr", ["กาปัมปางัน"] = "pam", ["กามรูป"] = "inc-kam", ["การากัลปัก"] = "kaa", ["กาลากัน"] = "kqe", ["กาลากันแบบกากัน"] = "kll", ["กาลากันแบบตากาเกาลู"] = "klg", ["กาลิเซีย"] = "gl", ["กาลิเซีย-โปรตุเกสเก่า"] = "roa-opt", ["กาเรา"] = "kyj", ["กาโม"] = "gmv", ["กาโร"] = "grt", ["กิลเบิร์ต"] = "gil", ["กีนาบาตางันตอนบน"] = "dmg", ["กืออึซ"] = "gez", ["กุรุข"] = "kru", ["กูนียันดี"] = "gni", ["กูย"] = "kdt", ["กูร์ดั้งเดิม"] = "nic-gur-pro", ["กฺ๋อง"] = "ugo", ["กเบดั้งเดิม"] = "alv-gbe-pro", ["ขมุ"] = "kjg", ["ขมุอิกดั้งเดิม"] = "mkh-khm-pro", ["ขร้า-ไทดั้งเดิม"] = "qfa-tak-pro", ["ขร้าดั้งเดิม"] = "qfa-kra-pro", ["ครี"] = "cr", ["ครีโอลกาบูเวร์ดี"] = "kea", ["ครีโอลกินี-บิสเซา"] = "pov", ["ครีโอลจาเมกา"] = "jam", ["ครีโอลมอริเชียส"] = "mfe", ["ครีโอลมาเก๊า"] = "mzs", ["ครีโอลลุยเซียนา"] = "lou", ["ครีโอลเฮติ"] = "ht", ["คองโก"] = "kg", ["คอปติก"] = "cop", ["คอร์ซิกา"] = "co", ["คอร์นวอลล์"] = "kw", ["คอร์นวอลล์เก่า"] = "oco", ["คอเคเซียนตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือดั้งเดิม"] = "cau-nwc-pro", ["คอเคเซียนตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือดั้งเดิม"] = "cau-nec-pro", ["คังรังชือ"] = "ane", ["คัลมึค"] = "xal", ["คาคัส"] = "kjh", ["คาชุบ"] = "csb", ["คาซัค"] = "kk", ["คาซี"] = "kha", ["คานธาระ"] = "pgd", ["คาบาร์เดีย"] = "kbd", ["คาร์ทเวเลียนดั้งเดิม"] = "ccs-pro", ["คาร์นิโคบาร์"] = "caq", ["คาลาเมียนดั้งเดิม"] = "phi-kal-pro", ["คาเซียนดั้งเดิม"] = "aav-khs-pro", ["คาเรเลีย"] = "krl", ["คำตี้"] = "kht", ["คำเมือง"] = "nod", ["คีตัน"] = "zkt", ["คีร์กีซ"] = "ky", ["คุชราต"] = "gu", ["คุชราตกลาง"] = "inc-mgu", ["คุชราตเก่า"] = "inc-ogu", ["คูนิงามิ"] = "xug", ["คูมาน"] = "qwm", ["คูมุก"] = "kum", ["งูนีดั้งเดิม"] = "bnt-ngu-pro", ["จอร์เจีย"] = "ka", ["จอร์เจียน-แซนดั้งเดิม"] = "ccs-gzn-pro", ["จอร์เจียเก่า"] = "oge", ["จักมา"] = "ccp", ["จามตะวันตก"] = "cja", ["จามตะวันออก"] = "cjm", ["จามิกดั้งเดิม"] = "cmc-pro", ["จิ่งเผาะ"] = "kac", ["จิ้น"] = "cjy", ["จีน"] = "zh", ["จีนกลาง"] = "cmn", ["จีนยุคกลาง"] = "ltc", ["จีนวรรณกรรม"] = "lzh", ["จีนเก่า"] = "och", ["จุน"] = "cuq", ["จูร์เชน"] = "juc", ["จ้วง"] = "za", ["จ้วงแบบจั่วเจียง"] = "zzj", ["จ้วงแบบหนง"] = "zhn", ["ชวา"] = "jv", ["ชวาเก่า"] = "kaw", ["ชวาแบบนิวแคลิโดเนีย"] = "jas", ["ชวาแบบแคริบเบียน"] = "jvn", ["ชอง"] = "cog", ["ชากาทาย"] = "chg", ["ชาดิกดั้งเดิม"] = "cdc-pro", ["ชาดิกตอนกลางดั้งเดิม"] = "cdc-cbm-pro", ["ชาบากาโน"] = "cbk", ["ชามอร์โร"] = "ch", ["ชุกชี"] = "ckt", ["ชูวัช"] = "cv", ["ซอกดิกดั้งเดิม"] = "ira-sgc-pro", ["ซองคา"] = "dz", ["ซอร์เบียตอนบน"] = "hsb", ["ซอร์เบียตอนล่าง"] = "dsb", ["ซังโก"] = "sg", ["ซันสการ์"] = "zau", ["ซัมบัล"] = "xsb", ["ซัสซารี"] = "sdc", ["ซากีซายา"] = "szy", ["ซาคา"] = "sah", ["ซาซา"] = "zza", ["ซาปา"] = "tys", ["ซามัว"] = "sm", ["ซามาตอนกลาง"] = "sml", ["ซามาแบบปางูตารัน"] = "slm", ["ซามิกดั้งเดิม"] = "smi-pro", ["ซามีเหนือ"] = "se", ["ซามีแบบกิลดิน"] = "sjd", ["ซามีแบบปีเต"] = "sje", ["ซามีแบบลูเล"] = "smj", ["ซามีแบบอีนารี"] = "smn", ["ซามีใต้"] = "sma", ["ซาราวักเหนือดั้งเดิม"] = "poz-swa-pro", ["ซาร์ดิเนีย"] = "sc", ["ซาลาร์"] = "slr", ["ซาโฮ"] = "ssy", ["ซิซิลี"] = "scn", ["ซินดาริน"] = "sjn", ["ซีกายานา"] = "sky", ["ซีดามา"] = "sid", ["ซิโน-ทิเบตันดั้งเดิม"] = "sit-pro", ["ซุนดา"] = "su", ["ซูก"] = "tsg", ["ซูทู"] = "st", ["ซูทูเหนือ"] = "nso", ["ซูนี"] = "zun", ["ซูรีเกาโนน"] = "sgd", ["ซูลาเวซีใต้ดั้งเดิม"] = "poz-ssw-pro", ["ซูลู"] = "zu", ["ซูเมอร์"] = "sux", ["ซูโดเวีย"] = "xsv", ["ญัฮกุร"] = "cbn", ["ญี่ปุ่น"] = "ja", ["ญี่ปุ่นเก่า"] = "ojp", ["ญ้อ"] = "nyw", ["ดราวิเดียนดั้งเดิม"] = "dra-pro", ["ดราวิเดียนตอนกลางดั้งเดิม"] = "dra-cen-pro", ["ดราวิเดียนเหนือดั้งเดิม"] = "dra-nor-pro", ["ดราวิเดียนใต้ดั้งเดิม"] = "dra-sou-pro", ["ดราวิเดียนใต้ที่สองดั้งเดิม"] = "dra-sdt-pro", ["ดราวิเดียนใต้ที่หนึ่งดั้งเดิม"] = "dra-sdo-pro", ["ดัตช์"] = "nl", ["ดัตช์กลาง"] = "dum", ["ดัตช์เก่า"] = "odt", ["ดาโคตา"] = "dak", ["ดุงกาน"] = "dng", ["ดูซุนตอนกลาง"] = "dtp", ["ตงเซียง"] = "sce", ["ตองงา"] = "to", ["ตังกุต"] = "txg", ["ตันดากาโนน"] = "tgn", ["ตั่ย"] = "tyz", ["ตากาล็อก"] = "tl", ["ตางัม"] = "sit-tgm", ["ตาตาร์"] = "tt", ["ตาตาร์แบบไครเมีย"] = "crh", ["ตาอีโน"] = "tnq", ["ตาฮีตี"] = "ty", ["ตีรูไร"] = "tiy", ["ตีโดเร"] = "tvo", ["ตุมซุก"] = "xtq", ["ตุรกี"] = "tr", ["ตุรกีแบบออตโตมัน"] = "ota", ["ตุรกีแบบอานาโตเลียเก่า"] = "trk-oat", ["ตุรุง"] = "try", ["ตูปี-กัวรานีดั้งเดิม"] = "tup-gua-pro", ["ตูปีเก่า"] = "tpw", ["ตูลู"] = "tcy", ["ตูวา"] = "tyv", ["ตูวาลู"] = "tvl", ["ตูเปียนดั้งเดิม"] = "tup-pro", ["ตโบลี"] = "tbl", ["ต้งเหนือ"] = "doc", ["ต้งใต้"] = "kmc", ["ทมิฬ"] = "ta", ["ทมิฬเก่า"] = "oty", ["ตอกปีซิน"] = "tpi", ["ทะวืง"] = "thm", ["ทาจิก"] = "tg", ["ทาบาซารัน"] = "tab", ["ทิเบต"] = "bo", ["ทิเบตคลาสสิก"] = "xct", ["ทิเบตเก่า"] = "otb", ["ทือกรึญญา"] = "ti", ["ทือเกร"] = "tig", ["นอซู"] = "ii", ["นอร์มัน"] = "nrf", ["นอร์สดั้งเดิม"] = "gmq-pro", ["นอร์สเก่า"] = "non", ["นอร์เวย์"] = "no", ["นอร์เวย์กลาง"] = "gmq-mno", ["นอร์เวย์แบบนือนอสก์"] = "nn", ["นอร์เวย์แบบบุ๊กมอล"] = "nb", ["นัคดั้งเดิม"] = "cau-nkh-pro", ["นาวัตล์"] = "nah", ["นาวัตล์คลาสสิก"] = "nci", ["นาวัตล์ตอนกลาง"] = "nhn", ["นาวันดั้งเดิม"] = "azc-nah-pro", ["นาวาโฮ"] = "nv", ["นาอูรู"] = "na", ["นาโปลี"] = "nap", ["นิวเคลียร์พอลินีเชียนดั้งเดิม"] = "poz-pnp-pro", ["นิวเบียเก่า"] = "onw", ["นิโคบารีสดั้งเดิม"] = "aav-nic-pro", ["นิโคบาร์กลาง"] = "ncb", ["นีวเว"] = "niu", ["นุง"] = "nut", ["นูเบียนดั้งเดิม"] = "nub-pro", ["บราฮุอี"] = "brh", ["บริทอนิกดั้งเดิม"] = "cel-bry-pro", ["บรูตะวันตก"] = "brv", ["บรูตะวันออก"] = "bru", ["บลาการ์"] = "beu", ["บอลโต-สลาวิกดั้งเดิม"] = "ine-bsl-pro", ["บะห์นัร"] = "bdq", ["บัตส์"] = "bbl", ["บันจาร์"] = "bjn", ["บัมบารา"] = "bm", ["บัลติ"] = "bft", ["บัลแกเรีย"] = "bg", ["บาลี"] = "pi", ["บาวาเรีย"] = "bar", ["บาสก์"] = "eu", ["บาสก์ดั้งเดิม"] = "euq-pro", ["บาหลี"] = "ban", ["บาเจาแบบอินโดนีเซีย"] = "bdl", ["บาเจาแบบเวสต์โคสต์"] = "bdr", ["บาโลจ"] = "bal", ["บิสลามา"] = "bi", ["บีซู"] = "bzi", ["บีนูกิด"] = "bkd", ["บีโคลตอนกลาง"] = "bcl", ["บูกิส"] = "bug", ["บูร์บอแน-แบรีชง"] = "roa-bbn", ["บูร์ยัต"] = "bua", ["ปนัร"] = "pbv", ["ปนัร-คาซี-ลึงงัมดั้งเดิม"] = "aav-pkl-pro", ["ปยู"] = "pyx", ["ปรากฤต"] = "pra", ["ปรากฤตแบบอโศก"] = "inc-ash", ["ปะหล่องดั้งเดิม"] = "mkh-pal-pro", ["ปักษ์ใต้"] = "sou", ["ปังควาฬฺ"] = "pgg", ["ปัญจาบ"] = "pa", ["ปัญจาบเก่า"] = "inc-opa", ["ปาทาน"] = "ps", ["ปาทานดั้งเดิม"] = "ira-pat-pro", ["ปาลาวาโนตอนกลาง"] = "plc", ["ปาลาวาโนตะวันตกเฉียงใต้"] = "plv", ["ปาลาวาโนแบบบรูกส์พอยต์"] = "plw", ["ปาเปียเมนตู"] = "pap", ["ปาเลา"] = "pau", ["ปาโกะห์"] = "pac", ["ปีการ์"] = "pcd", ["ปีปิล"] = "ppl", ["ปีเยมอนเต"] = "pms", ["ปูกาปูกา"] = "pkp", ["ปู้อี"] = "pcc", ["ผิงเหนือ"] = "cnp", ["ผิงใต้"] = "csp", ["ผูเซียน"] = "cpx", ["ผู้น้อย"] = "pho", ["ผู้ไท"] = "pht", ["ฝรั่งเศส"] = "fr", ["ฝรั่งเศสกลาง"] = "frm", ["ฝรั่งเศสเก่า"] = "fro", ["พทคะ"] = "bfq", ["พม่า"] = "my", ["พม่าเก่า"] = "obr", ["พรัช"] = "bra", ["พวน"] = "phu", ["พอลินีเชียนดั้งเดิม"] = "poz-pol-pro", ["พอลินีเชียนตะวันออกดั้งเดิม"] = "poz-pep-pro", ["พิหาร"] = "bh", ["พ่าเก"] = "phk", ["ฟรียูลี"] = "fur", ["ฟรีเชียตะวันตก"] = "fy", ["ฟรีเชียเก่า"] = "ofs", ["ฟรีเชียเหนือ"] = "frr", ["ฟรีเชียแบบซาเทอร์ลันท์"] = "stq", ["ฟร็องโก-พรอว็องส์"] = "frp", ["ฟาลา"] = "fax", ["ฟาลิสกุส"] = "xfa", ["ฟินนิกดั้งเดิม"] = "urj-fin-pro", ["ฟินิเชีย"] = "phn", ["ฟินแลนด์"] = "fi", ["ฟิลิปปินส์ดั้งเดิม"] = "phi-pro", ["ฟีจี"] = "fj", ["ฟูลา"] = "ff", ["มคหะ"] = "mag", ["มงตาแญ"] = "moe", ["มณีปุระ"] = "mni", ["มณีปุระเก่า"] = "omp", ["มนองตอนกลาง"] = "cmo", ["มนองใต้"] = "mnn", ["มราฐี"] = "mr", ["มราฐีเก่า"] = "omr", ["มลยาฬัม"] = "ml", ["มลายูตอนกลาง"] = "pse", ["มลายูแบบตรังกานู"] = "poz-ter", ["มลายูแบบบรูไน"] = "kxd", ["มลายูแบบปัตตานี"] = "mfa", ["มลายูแบบเกอดะฮ์"] = "meo", ["มวานี"] = "wmw", ["มอกชา"] = "mdf", ["มองโกลิกดั้งเดิม"] = "xgn-pro", ["มองโกเลีย"] = "mn", ["มองโกเลียกลาง"] = "xng", ["มองโกเลียคลาสสิก"] = "cmg", ["มอญ"] = "mnw", ["มอญ-เขมรดั้งเดิม"] = "mkh-pro", ["มอญกลาง"] = "mkh-mmn", ["มอญดั้งเดิม"] = "mkh-mnc-pro", ["มอญเก่า"] = "omx", ["มอญแบบไทย"] = "mnw-tha", ["มอลตา"] = "mt", ["มอแซนแดรอน"] = "mzn", ["มัล"] = "mlf", ["มัลดีฟส์"] = "dv", ["มัสบาเต"] = "msb", ["มากัซซาร์"] = "mak", ["มากินดาเนา"] = "mdh", ["มาซิโดเนีย"] = "mk", ["มายันดั้งเดิม"] = "myn-pro", ["มาราเนา"] = "mrw", ["มาร์วาร์"] = "mwr", ["มาร์แชลล์"] = "mh", ["มาลากาซี"] = "mg", ["มาลาโย-จามิกดั้งเดิม"] = "poz-mcm-pro", ["มาลาโย-ซุมบาวันดั้งเดิม"] = "poz-msa-pro", ["มาลาโย-พอลินีเชียนดั้งเดิม"] = "poz-pro", ["มาลาโย-พอลินีเชียนตอนกลาง-ตะวันออกดั้งเดิม"] = "poz-cet-pro", ["มาลาโย-พอลินีเชียนตะวันออกดั้งเดิม"] = "pqe-pro", ["มาวรี"] = "mi", ["มาเลย์อิกดั้งเดิม"] = "poz-mly-pro", ["มาเลเซีย"] = "ms", ["มาไซ"] = "mas", ["มิงเกรเลีย"] = "xmf", ["มิยาโกะ"] = "mvi", ["มีนังกาเบา"] = "min", ["มีรังดา"] = "mwl", ["มีโซ"] = "lus", ["มือรัสเซีย"] = "rsl", ["มืออินเดีย"] = "ins", ["มืออินโดนีเซีย"] = "inl", ["มืออเมริกัน"] = "ase", ["มือเนปาล"] = "nsp", ["มือไทย"] = "tsq", ["มุนดาดั้งเดิม"] = "mun-pro", ["มูซี"] = "mui", ["ม้ง-เมี่ยนดั้งเดิม"] = "hmx-pro", ["ม้งขาว"] = "mww", ["ม้งดั้งเดิม"] = "hmn-pro", ["ม้งเขียว"] = "hnj", ["ยอง"] = "yno", ["ยอลอ"] = "yol", ["ยะไข่"] = "rki", ["ยากัน"] = "yka", ["ยามานา"] = "yag", ["ยามี"] = "tao", ["ยาเอยามะ"] = "rys", ["ยิดดิช"] = "yi", ["ยุปปิก"] = "esu", ["ยูกริกดั้งเดิม"] = "urj-ugr-pro", ["ยูการิต"] = "uga", ["ยูราลิกดั้งเดิม"] = "urj-pro", ["ยูเครน"] = "uk", ["ยูโต-แอซเทกันดั้งเดิม"] = "azc-pro", ["รวันดา-รุนดี"] = "rw", ["รัสเซีย"] = "ru", ["ราชพังสี"] = "rjs", ["ราปานูอี"] = "rap", ["ราโรโตงา"] = "rar", ["ริฟ"] = "rif", ["รูซินแบบคาร์พาเทีย"] = "rue", ["รูซินแบบพันโนเนีย"] = "rsk", ["ร่วม"] = "mul", ["ลอมบาร์ด"] = "lmo", ["ละติน"] = "la", ["ลัก"] = "lbe", ["ลักเกีย"] = "lbc", ["ลักเซมเบิร์ก"] = "lb", ["ลัซ"] = "lzz", ["ลัตเกล"] = "ltg", ["ลัตเวีย"] = "lv", ["ลัมปุงกิกดั้งเดิม"] = "poz-lgx-pro", ["ลัมโบยา"] = "lmy", ["ลาดัก"] = "lbj", ["ลาดิน"] = "lld", ["ลาดิโน"] = "lad", ["ลาว"] = "lo", ["ลิงกาลา"] = "ln", ["ลิทัวเนีย"] = "lt", ["ลิทัวเนียเก่า"] = "olt", ["ลินดู"] = "klw", ["ลิมบู"] = "lif", ["ลิมเบิร์ก"] = "li", ["ลิววี"] = "olo", ["ลีกูเรีย"] = "lij", ["ลีสู่"] = "lis", ["ลีโวเนีย"] = "liv", ["ลึงงัม"] = "lyg", ["ลูกันดา"] = "lg", ["ลูอิชดั้งเดิม"] = "sit-luu-pro", ["วอลตา-คองโกดั้งเดิม"] = "nic-vco-pro", ["วอลตา-ไนเจอร์ดั้งเดิม"] = "alv-von-pro", ["วันดัล"] = "xvn", ["วัลลูน"] = "wa", ["วาราโอ"] = "wba", ["วาไร"] = "war", ["วินเนอเบโก"] = "win", ["วีลามอวิตแซ"] = "wym", ["สกอต"] = "sco", ["สมราย"] = "smu", ["สลาวอนิกคริสตจักรเก่า"] = "cu", ["สลาวิกดั้งเดิม"] = "sla-pro", ["สลาวิกตะวันออกเก่า"] = "orv", ["สวานา"] = "tn", ["สวาฮีลี"] = "sw", ["สวีเดน"] = "sv", ["สวีเดนเก่า"] = "gmq-osw", ["สะโอจ"] = "scq", ["สันถาลี"] = "sat", ["สันสกฤต"] = "sa", ["ซำเร"] = "sxm", ["สิกขิม"] = "sip", ["สิงหล"] = "si", ["สินธ์"] = "sd", ["สิเลฏ"] = "syl", ["สุ่ย"] = "swi", ["สเปน"] = "es", ["สเปนเก่า"] = "osp", ["สโลวัก"] = "sk", ["สโลวักเก่า"] = "zlw-osk", ["สโลวินช์"] = "zlw-slv", ["สโลวีเนีย"] = "sl", ["หง่วน"] = "nuo", ["หมะ"] = "cma", ["หมิ่นดั้งเดิม"] = "zhx-min-pro", ["หมิ่นตอนกลาง"] = "czo", ["หมิ่นตะวันออก"] = "cdo", ["หมิ่นเหนือ"] = "mnp", ["หมิ่นใต้"] = "nan", ["หล่อยแอว๋"] = "luh", ["ห่อยซัน"] = "zhx-tai", ["อวัธ"] = "awa", ["ออสซีเซีย"] = "os", ["ออสโตรนีเซียนดั้งเดิม"] = "map-pro", ["ออสโตรเอเชียติกดั้งเดิม"] = "aav-pro", ["ออโรโม"] = "om", ["อะดีเกยา"] = "ady", ["อะตง"] = "aot", ["อะวาร์"] = "av", ["อะวาร์เก่า"] = "oav", ["อะแพชีตะวันตก"] = "apw", ["อักลัน"] = "akl", ["อังกฤษ"] = "en", ["อังกฤษกลาง"] = "enm", ["อังกฤษเก่า"] = "ang", ["อับคาเซีย"] = "ab", ["อัมฮารา"] = "am", ["อัมโมน"] = "sem-amm", ["อัลไตเหนือ"] = "atv", ["อัลไตใต้"] = "alt", ["อัสตูเรียส"] = "ast", ["อัสสัม"] = "as", ["อัสสัมกลาง"] = "inc-mas", ["อัสสัมช่วงต้น"] = "inc-oas", ["อากูตายา"] = "agn", ["อาข่า"] = "ahk", ["อาคัน"] = "ak", ["อาซี"] = "bno", ["อานาโตเลียนดั้งเดิม"] = "ine-ana-pro", ["อาบาซา"] = "abq", ["อาฟรีกานส์"] = "af", ["อาฟาร์"] = "aa", ["อามามิโอชิมะเหนือ"] = "ryn", ["อามามิโอชิมะใต้"] = "ams", ["อารากอน"] = "an", ["อารามายา"] = "arc", ["อาร์มีเนีย"] = "hy", ["อาร์มีเนียกลาง"] = "axm", ["อาร์มีเนียนดั้งเดิม"] = "hyx-pro", ["อาร์มีเนียเก่า"] = "xcl", ["อาลูตีก"] = "ems", ["อาหม"] = "aho", ["อาหรับ"] = "ar", ["อาหรับแบบซูดาน"] = "apd", ["อาหรับแบบตูนิเซีย"] = "aeb", ["อาหรับแบบทาจิกิสถาน"] = "abh", ["อาหรับแบบบาห์เรน"] = "abv", ["อาหรับแบบลิเบีย"] = "ayl", ["อาหรับแบบลิแวนต์ใต้"] = "ajp", ["อาหรับแบบอันดะลุส"] = "xaa", ["อาหรับแบบอิรัก"] = "acm", ["อาหรับแบบอียิปต์"] = "arz", ["อาหรับแบบอุซเบกิสถาน"] = "auz", ["อาหรับแบบฮิญาซ"] = "acw", ["อาหรับแบบเมโสโปเตเมียเหนือ"] = "ayp", ["อาหรับแบบเยเมน"] = "ayn", ["อาหรับแบบแอลจีเรีย"] = "arq", ["อาหรับแบบโมร็อกโก"] = "ary", ["อาหรับแบบโอมาน"] = "acx", ["อาหรับแบบไซปรัส"] = "acy", ["อาเจะฮ์"] = "ace", ["อาเซอร์ไบจาน"] = "az", ["อาเนตยูม"] = "aty", ["อาเบ"] = "aba", ["อิกโบ"] = "ig", ["อิงกุช"] = "inh", ["อิงเกรีย"] = "izh", ["อิตาลิกดั้งเดิม"] = "itc-pro", ["อิตาลี"] = "it", ["อินุกติตุต"] = "iu", ["อินุอิตดั้งเดิม"] = "esx-inu-pro", ["อินเทร์ลิงเกว"] = "ie", ["อินเทอร์ลิงกวา"] = "ia", ["อินโด-ยูโรเปียนดั้งเดิม"] = "ine-pro", ["อินโด-อารยันดั้งเดิม"] = "inc-pro", ["อินโด-อิเรเนียนดั้งเดิม"] = "iir-pro", ["อินโดนีเซีย"] = "id", ["อิสเตรีย"] = "ist", ["อิเรเนียนดั้งเดิม"] = "ira-pro", ["อีดาอัน"] = "dbj", ["อีทรัสคัน"] = "ett", ["อีบัน"] = "iba", ["อียิปต์"] = "egy", ["อีรานุน"] = "ill", ["อีสาน"] = "tts", ["อีโด"] = "io", ["อีโลกาโน"] = "ilo", ["อุซเบก"] = "uz", ["อุดมูร์ต"] = "udm", ["อุตซิตา"] = "oc", ["อุตซิตาเก่า"] = "pro", ["อุนเซอร์ด็อยทช์"] = "uln", ["อุมเบรีย"] = "xum", ["อุยกูร์"] = "ug", ["อุยกูร์เก่า"] = "oui", ["อูดี"] = "udi", ["อูรดู"] = "ur", ["อูรักลาโวยจ"] = "urk", ["อู๋"] = "wuu", ["อเวสตะ"] = "ae", ["อ่ายตน"] = "aio", ["ฮกเกี้ยน"] = "nan-hbl", ["ฮังการี"] = "hu", ["ฮังการีเก่า"] = "ohu", ["ฮาชอง"] = "haj", ["ฮานูโนโอ"] = "hnn", ["ฮาวาย"] = "haw", ["ฮินดี"] = "hi", ["ฮินดีเก่า"] = "inc-ohi", ["ฮินดีแบบฟีจี"] = "hif", ["ฮินดูสตานีแบบแคริบเบียน"] = "hns", ["ฮีบรู"] = "he", ["ฮีรีโมตู"] = "ho", ["ฮีลีไกโนน"] = "hil", ["ฮุนสริก"] = "hrx", ["ฮูร์เรีย"] = "xhu", ["เกชวนดั้งเดิม"] = "qwe-pro", ["เกชัว"] = "qu", ["เกชัวคลาสสิก"] = "qwc", ["เกรตอันดามันนีสดั้งเดิม"] = "qfa-adm-pro", ["เกอฮอ"] = "kpm", ["เกาหลี"] = "ko", ["เกาหลีกลาง"] = "okm", ["เกาหลีดั้งเดิม"] = "qfa-kor-pro", ["เกาหลีเก่า"] = "oko", ["เกาหลีใหม่ช่วงต้น"] = "ko-ear", ["เกโกโย"] = "ki", ["เขมร"] = "km", ["เขมรกลาง"] = "xhm", ["เขมรดั้งเดิม"] = "mkh-kmr-pro", ["เขมรเก่า"] = "okz", ["เขมรเหนือ"] = "kxm", ["เขิน"] = "kkh", ["เคลติกดั้งเดิม"] = "cel-pro", ["เควนยา"] = "qya", ["เคอร์ดิชดั้งเดิม"] = "ku-pro", ["เคิร์ดตอนกลาง"] = "ckb", ["เคิร์ดเหนือ"] = "kmr", ["เจวา"] = "ny", ["เจอร์แมนิกดั้งเดิม"] = "gem-pro", ["เจอร์แมนิกตะวันตกดั้งเดิม"] = "gmw-pro", ["เจียเม่า"] = "jio", ["เฉ่าเหมียว"] = "cov", ["เชจู"] = "jje", ["เชเชน"] = "ce", ["เชเยนน์"] = "chy", ["เชโรกี"] = "chr", ["เช็ก"] = "cs", ["เช็กเก่า"] = "zlw-ocs", ["เซบัวโน"] = "ceb", ["เซมิติกดั้งเดิม"] = "sem-pro", ["เซมิติกตะวันตกดั้งเดิม"] = "sem-wes-pro", ["เซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย"] = "sh", ["เซอไม"] = "sea", ["เซียง"] = "hsn", ["เดนมาร์ก"] = "da", ["เดนมาร์กเก่า"] = "gmq-oda", ["เดาโร"] = "dwr", ["เตตุน"] = "tet", ["เตลูกู"] = "te", ["เตอร์กิกดั้งเดิม"] = "trk-pro", ["เตอร์กิกเก่า"] = "otk", ["เตอร์นาเต"] = "tft", ["เตอเมียร์"] = "tea", ["เติร์กเมน"] = "tk", ["เทาส์"] = "twf", ["เนปาล"] = "ne", ["เนวาร์"] = "new", ["เนวาร์กลาง"] = "nwx", ["เนวาร์คลาสสิก"] = "nwc", ["เนเกอร์ฮอลันดส์"] = "dcr", ["เบ"] = "onb", ["เบ-ไทดั้งเดิม"] = "qfa-bet-pro", ["เบงกอล"] = "bn", ["เบงกอลกลาง"] = "inc-mbn", ["เบงกอลเก่า"] = "inc-obn", ["เบดั้งเดิม"] = "qfa-onb-pro", ["เบนูเอ-คองโกดั้งเดิม"] = "nic-bco-pro", ["เบรอตง"] = "br", ["เบรอตงกลาง"] = "xbm", ["เบรอตงเก่า"] = "obt", ["เบลารุส"] = "be", ["เบอตาวี"] = "bew", ["เบอราวัน"] = "lod", ["เบอร์เบอร์ดั้งเดิม"] = "ber-pro", ["เบอร์เบอร์แบบตูนีเซีย"] = "sds", ["เปอร์มิกดั้งเดิม"] = "urj-prm-pro", ["เปอร์เซีย"] = "fa", ["เปอร์เซียกลาง"] = "pal", ["เปอร์เซียเก่า"] = "peo", ["เพลาท์ดิทช์"] = "pdt", ["เมวาร์"] = "mtr", ["อิ้วเมี่ยน"] = "ium", ["เมี่ยนดั้งเดิม"] = "hmx-mie-pro", ["เยอรมัน"] = "de", ["เยอรมันตอนกลางตะวันออก"] = "gmw-ecg", ["เยอรมันต่ำ"] = "nds", ["เยอรมันต่ำกลาง"] = "gml", ["เยอรมันต่ำแบบเยอรมนี"] = "nds-de", ["เยอรมันสูงกลาง"] = "gmh", ["เยอรมันสูงเก่า"] = "goh", ["เยอรมันแบบซิพเซอร์"] = "gmw-zps", ["เยอรมันแบบว็อลกา"] = "gmw-vog", ["เยอรมันแบบอลามันเนีย"] = "gsw", ["เยอรมันแบบเพนซิลเวเนีย"] = "pdc", ["เรอหวั่ง"] = "raw", ["เลซกี"] = "lez", ["เลออน"] = "roa-leo", ["เลออนเก่า"] = "roa-ole", ["เลอเวือะตะวันตก"] = "lcp", ["เลอเวือะตะวันออก"] = "lwl", ["เวนดา"] = "ve", ["เวปส์"] = "vep", ["เวลส์"] = "cy", ["เวลส์กลาง"] = "wlm", ["เวลส์เก่า"] = "owl", ["เวอโร"] = "vro", ["เวียดนาม"] = "vi", ["เวียดนามกลาง"] = "mkh-mvi", ["เวียตติกดั้งเดิม"] = "mkh-vie-pro", ["เวเนโต"] = "vec", ["เศรปา"] = "xsr", ["เสฉวน"] = "zhx-sic", ["เหมื่อง"] = "mtq", ["เอชเตฮาร์ด"] = "esh", ["เอซเตรมาดูรา"] = "ext", ["เอมีเลีย"] = "egl", ["เอร์เซีย"] = "myv", ["เอสกิโมดั้งเดิม"] = "esx-esk-pro", ["เอสเปรันโต"] = "eo", ["เอสโตเนีย"] = "et", ["เอเว"] = "ee", ["เอเวนค์"] = "evn", ["เอเว็น"] = "eve", ["เอโดม"] = "xdm", ["เฮลเลนิกดั้งเดิม"] = "grk-pro", ["เฮาซา"] = "ha", ["เฮเรโร"] = "hz", ["แกลิกแบบสกอตแลนด์"] = "gd", ["แคชเมียร์"] = "ks", ["แคะ"] = "hak", ["แจพอนิกดั้งเดิม"] = "jpx-pro", ["แซกซันเก่า"] = "osx", ["แดลเมเชีย"] = "dlm", ["แต้จิ๋ว"] = "nan-tws", ["แบกเตรีย"] = "xbc", ["แบชเคียร์"] = "ba", ["แบนทอยด์ดั้งเดิม"] = "nic-bod-pro", ["แบนทูดั้งเดิม"] = "bnt-pro", ["แบล็กสปีช"] = "art-bsp", ["แพ็กเจ"] = "pkc", ["แฟโร"] = "fo", ["แมงซ์"] = "gv", ["แมนจู"] = "mnc", ["แสก"] = "skb", ["แอกแคด"] = "akk", ["แอตแลนติก-คองโกดั้งเดิม"] = "alv-pro", ["แอฟโฟรเอเชียติกดั้งเดิม"] = "afa-pro", ["แอลกองเคียนดั้งเดิม"] = "alg-pro", ["แอลจิกดั้งเดิม"] = "aql-pro", ["แอลฟ์ดาเลิน"] = "ovd", ["แอละแบมา"] = "akz", ["แอลเบเนีย"] = "sq", ["แอลเบเนียนดั้งเดิม"] = "sqj-pro", ["โกฟา"] = "gof", ["โคซา"] = "xh", ["โคณฑี"] = "gon", ["โคตาน"] = "kho", ["โคทาวา"] = "avk", ["โจว"] = "tsu", ["โชนา"] = "sn", ["โชร์"] = "cjs", ["โซตซิล"] = "tzo", ["โซมาลอยด์ดั้งเดิม"] = "cus-som-pro", ["โซมาลี"] = "so", ["โซ่ง"] = "soa", ["โตทา"] = "tcx", ["โตฟา"] = "kim", ["โทกูโนชิมะ"] = "tkn", ["โทแคเรียนดั้งเดิม"] = "ine-toc-pro", ["โทแคเรียนบี"] = "txb", ["โทแคเรียนเอ"] = "xto", ["โนเวียล"] = "nov", ["โบล"] = "bol", ["โบลีเนา"] = "smk", ["โบโด"] = "brx", ["โบโด-กาโรดั้งเดิม"] = "tbq-bdg-pro", ["โปรตุเกส"] = "pt", ["โปแลนด์"] = "pl", ["โปแลนด์เก่า"] = "zlw-opl", ["โภชปุระ"] = "bho", ["โมกิล"] = "mkj", ["โมอับ"] = "obm", ["โมเชโน"] = "mhn", ["โยกัด"] = "yog", ["โยนางูนิ"] = "yoi", ["โยรง"] = "yox", ["โยรูบอยด์ดั้งเดิม"] = "alv-yrd-pro", ["โยรูบา"] = "yo", ["โยรูบาดั้งเดิม"] = "alv-yor-pro", ["โรมัญญา"] = "rgn", ["โรมานช์"] = "rm", ["โรมานี"] = "rom", ["โรมาเนีย"] = "ro", ["โรฮีนจา"] = "rhg", ["โลจบาน"] = "jbo", ["โลโกโน"] = "arw", ["โลโล-เบอร์มีซดั้งเดิม"] = "tbq-lob-pro", ["โลโลอิชดั้งเดิม"] = "tbq-lol-pro", ["โวต"] = "vot", ["โวลอฟ"] = "wo", ["โวลาปุก"] = "vo", ["โอกินาวะ"] = "ryu", ["โอกิโนเอราบุ"] = "okn", ["โอจิบเว"] = "oj", ["โอซิง"] = "osi", ["โอริยา"] = "or", ["โอริยากลาง"] = "inc-mor", ["โอริยาเก่า"] = "inc-oor", ["โอเชียนิกดั้งเดิม"] = "poz-oce-pro", ["ไซลีเซีย"] = "szl", ["ไทขาว"] = "twh", ["ไทดั้งเดิม"] = "tai-pro", ["ไทดำ"] = "blt", ["ไทตะวันตกเฉียงใต้ดั้งเดิม"] = "tai-swe-pro", ["ไทย"] = "th", ["ไทลื้อ"] = "khb", ["ไทแดง"] = "tyr", ["ไทแมน"] = "tyj", ["ไทแหล่ง"] = "tjl", ["ไทใต้คง"] = "tdd", ["ไทใหญ่"] = "shn", ["ไนเจอร์-คองโกดั้งเดิม"] = "nic-pro", ["ไปวัน"] = "pwn", ["ไมถิลี"] = "mai", ["ไมนอส"] = "omn", ["ไมยา"] = "sks", ["ไมโครนีเซียนดั้งเดิม"] = "poz-mic-pro", ["ไว"] = "vai", ["ไหล"] = "lic", ["ไหลดั้งเดิม"] = "qfa-lic-pro", ["ไหหลำ"] = "hnm", ["ไอซ์แลนด์"] = "is", ["ไอนุ"] = "ain", ["ไอย์มารา"] = "ay", ["ไอริช"] = "ga", ["ไอริชกลาง"] = "mga", ["ไอริชเก่า"] = "sga", ["Ỹaroamë"] = "yro", } sjc9a7mspgghhm7ua6ga4lmb5q4001c ᩁᩮᩢᩣ 0 211914 5753719 5753457 2026-08-02T03:30:16Z Ai Ku Karng 17824 5753719 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาคำเมือง == === รูปแบบอื่น === {{nod-alt|l=เรา|s=เฮา|c=ᩌᩮᩢᩣ}} === รากศัพท์ === {{inh+|nod|tai-pro|*rawᴬ}}; ร่วมเชื้อสายกับ{{cog|th|เรา}}, {{cog|tts|เฮา}}, {{cog|lo|ເຮົາ}}, {{cog|khb|ᦣᧁ}}, {{cog|blt|ꪹꪭꪱ}}, {{cog|shn|ႁဝ်း}}, {{cog|aho|𑜍𑜧}}, {{m|aho|𑜍𑜈𑜫}} หรือ {{m|aho|𑜍𑜧𑜈𑜫}}, {{cog|pcc|rauz}}, {{cog|za|raeuz}} === การออกเสียง === * {{IPA|nod|/haw˧˧/|a=เชียงใหม่}} === คำสรรพนาม === {{nod-pronoun}} # [[เรา]] == ภาษาไทลื้อ == === การออกเสียง === {{khb-pron|ᦣᧁ}} === คำสรรพนาม === {{khb-pronoun}} # {{alternative form of|khb|ᦣᧁ}} dqhzzuaibnj23u2obt7lj3cnj5zz54r ᨲᩣᩴᨷᩫ᩠ᩃ 0 231399 5753631 1952982 2026-08-01T14:30:38Z Ai Ku Karng 17824 /* ภาษาคำเมือง */ 5753631 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาคำเมือง == === รูปแบบอื่น === {{nod-alt|l=ตำบล|s=ต๋ำบน}} === รากศัพท์ === {{bor+|nod|th|ตำบล}}, จาก{{der|nod|km|តំបន់}} === การออกเสียง === * {{IPA|nod|/tam˨˦.bon˧˧/|a=เชียงใหม่}} === คำนาม === {{nod-noun}} # [[ตำบล]] kc76rpb97ab5gk9owml774eo9el3ne7 ᩋᩣᩴᨽᩮᩬᩥ 0 231400 5753681 5753629 2026-08-01T17:11:17Z Ai Ku Karng 17824 /* ภาษาคำเมือง */ 5753681 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาคำเมือง == === รูปแบบอื่น === {{nod-alt|l=อำเภอ|s=อำเพอ}} === รากศัพท์ === {{bor+|nod|th|อำเภอ}}, จาก{{der|nod|okz-ang|អំវេ}} หรือ {{m|okz-ang|អំពេ}}, จาก{{der|nod|okz-pre|អំវេ}}, แรกสุดจาก {{m|okz-ang|*វេ}}; ร่วมเชื้อสายกับ{{cog|shn|ဢမ်းၽိူဝ်း}} === การออกเสียง === * {{IPA|nod|/ʔam˧˧.pʰɤː˧˧/|a=เชียงใหม่}} === คำนาม === {{nod-noun}} # [[อำเภอ]] (หน่วยการปกครองระดับที่สองในประเทศไทย) srb3m1btzbbbnve4ap2d0b3dfmeziuf standard 0 257639 5753682 2001547 2026-08-01T18:42:31Z Alifshinobi 397 /* คำนาม */ 5753682 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาอังกฤษ == {{lexitronimport}} === การออกเสียง{{botenimport}} === * {{IPA|en|/ˈstændəd/|a=RP}} * {{IPA|en|/ˈstændəɹd/|[ˈstændɚd]|a=GA}} * {{audio|en|En-us-standard.ogg|a=US}} * {{hyphenation|en|stan|dard}} === คำนาม === {{en-noun}}{{botenimport}} # [[มาตรฐาน]] === คำคุณศัพท์ === {{en-adj}}{{botenimport}} # ซึ่งเป็นมาตรฐาน l25ysrn0xoome724h2c9eo946wr25u2 ย่าม 0 290584 5753725 1883364 2026-08-02T05:59:55Z Alifshinobi 397 /* รากศัพท์ 2 */ 5753725 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also/auto}} == ภาษาไทย == === การออกเสียง === {{th-pron}} === รากศัพท์ 1 === ==== คำนาม ==== {{th-noun}} # [[เครื่องใช้]][[สำหรับ]][[ใส่]][[สิ่งของ]] [[ทำ]][[ด้วย]][[ผ้า]] [[มี]][[หู]][[หรือ]][[สาย]][[ใน]][[ตัว]][[สำหรับ]][[สะพาย]] === รากศัพท์ 2 === === รากศัพท์ === ร่วมเชื้อสายกับ{{cog|tts|หย้าม}}, {{cog|lo|ຫຍ້າມ}}, {{cog|nod|ᩉ᩠ᨿ᩶ᩣ᩠ᨾ}}, {{cog|kkh|ᩉ᩠ᨿ᩶ᩣ᩠ᨾ}}, {{cog|khb|ᦊᦱᧄᧉ}}, {{cog|shn|ယၢမ်ႈ}}, {{cog|tdd|ᥕᥣᥛᥲ}} ==== คำกริยา ==== {{th-verb}} # [[เหิม]], [[ทะยาน]], [[ได้]][[ใจ]] #: {{ux|th|ย่ามใจ}} d1mrh1n33z07vqahbwjrqj7psuum2fg 5753726 5753725 2026-08-02T06:06:40Z Alifshinobi 397 5753726 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also/auto}} == ภาษาไทย == === การออกเสียง === {{th-pron}} === รากศัพท์ 1 === ==== คำนาม ==== {{th-noun}} # [[เครื่องใช้]][[สำหรับ]][[ใส่]][[สิ่งของ]] [[ทำ]][[ด้วย]][[ผ้า]] [[มี]][[หู]][[หรือ]][[สาย]][[ใน]][[ตัว]][[สำหรับ]][[สะพาย]] === รากศัพท์ 2 === ร่วมเชื้อสายกับ{{cog|tts|หย้าม}}, {{cog|lo|ຫຍ້າມ}}, {{cog|nod|ᩉ᩠ᨿ᩶ᩣ᩠ᨾ}}, {{cog|kkh|ᩉ᩠ᨿ᩶ᩣ᩠ᨾ}}, {{cog|khb|ᦊᦱᧄᧉ}}, {{cog|shn|ယၢမ်ႈ}}, {{cog|tdd|ᥕᥣᥛᥲ}} ==== คำกริยา ==== {{th-verb}} # [[เหิม]], [[ทะยาน]], [[ได้]][[ใจ]] #: {{ux|th|ย่ามใจ}} ogq0n2ue75n8l2by7kkj7cdajdqsm22 खेलना 0 304647 5753678 2000413 2026-08-01T16:19:17Z OctraBot 3198 /* รากศัพท์ */ เก็บกวาด 5753678 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาฮินดี == === รากศัพท์ === {{hi-verb set|खेलना|खिलाना|खिलवाना}} {{root|hi|sa|खेल्}} {{inh+|hi|pra|𑀔𑁂𑀮𑀇|खेलइ|t=เล่น}}, {{m|pra|𑀔𑁂𑀮𑀡|g=n|t=การเล่น}}, ต้นกำเนิดไกลกว่านี้ไม่แน่ชัด; ร่วมเชื้อสายกับ{{cog|ne|खेल्नु}}, {{cog|mr|खेळणे}}, {{cog|kok|खेळ्चे}}, {{cog|bn|খেলা}}, and {{cog|as|খেলা}}; เกี่ยวข้องกับ{{ncog|rom|khelel}}, {{ncog|si|කෙළිනවා||เล่น}}, และ{{ncog|sa|खेलति}} === การออกเสียง === * {{hi-IPA}} * {{audio|hi|LL-Q1568 (hin)-AryamanA-खेलना.wav}} === คำกริยา === {{hi-verb|ur=کھیلنا}} # [[เล่น]] (เกม กีฬา ฯลฯ) ==== การผันรูป ==== {{hi-conj}} ==== คำเกี่ยวข้อง ==== * {{l|hi|खेल}} === อ้างอิง === * {{R:hi:Dasa}} * {{R:Platts}} * {{R:Oxford Hindi}} * {{R:Bahri}} h6lasa22ogxjc0ov3j8r7mrejtblogz 5753679 5753678 2026-08-01T16:20:15Z OctraBot 3198 /* ภาษาฮินดี */ 5753679 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาฮินดี == === รากศัพท์ === {{hi-verb set|खेलना|खिलाना|खिलवाना}} {{root|hi|sa|खेल्}} {{inh+|hi|pra|𑀔𑁂𑀮𑀇|खेलइ|t=เล่น}}, {{m|pra|𑀔𑁂𑀮𑀡|g=n|t=การเล่น}}, ต้นกำเนิดไกลกว่านี้ไม่แน่ชัด; ร่วมเชื้อสายกับ{{cog|ne|खेल्नु}}, {{cog|mr|खेळणे}}, {{cog|kok|खेळ्चे}}, {{cog|bn|খেলা}}, and {{cog|as|খেলা}}; เกี่ยวข้องกับ{{ncog|rom|khelel}}, {{ncog|si|කෙළිනවා||เล่น}}, และ{{ncog|sa|खेलति}} === การออกเสียง === * {{hi-IPA}} * {{audio|hi|LL-Q1568 (hin)-AryamanA-खेलना.wav|a=Delhi}} === คำกริยา === {{hi-verb|ur=کھیلنا}} # [[เล่น]] (เกม, กีฬา ฯลฯ) ==== การผันรูป ==== {{hi-conj}} ==== คำเกี่ยวข้อง ==== * {{l|hi|खेल}} === อ้างอิง === * {{R:hi:Dasa}} * {{R:Platts}} * {{R:Oxford Hindi}} * {{R:Bahri}} gh4ry1z8dma6o7o2ss6qr1onv3wbqvc มอดูล:families/code to canonical name 828 324687 5753692 5726526 2026-08-02T02:00:37Z OctraBot 3198 5753692 Scribunto text/plain return { ["aav"] = "ออสโตรเอเชียติก", ["aav-khs"] = "คาเซียน", ["aav-nic"] = "นิโคบารีส", ["aav-pkl"] = "ปนัร-คาซี-ลึงงัม", ["afa"] = "แอฟโฟรเอเชียติก", ["alg"] = "แอลกองเคียน", ["alg-abp"] = "Abenaki-Penobscot", ["alg-ara"] = "Arapahoan", ["alg-eas"] = "Eastern Algonquian", ["alg-sfk"] = "Sac-Fox-Kickapoo", ["alv"] = "แอตแลนติก-คองโก", ["alv-aah"] = "Ayere-Ahan", ["alv-ada"] = "Adamawa", ["alv-bag"] = "Baga", ["alv-bak"] = "Bak", ["alv-bam"] = "Bambukic", ["alv-bny"] = "Banyum", ["alv-bua"] = "Bua", ["alv-bwj"] = "Bikwin-Jen", ["alv-cng"] = "Cangin", ["alv-ctn"] = "Central Tano", ["alv-dlt"] = "Delta Edoid", ["alv-dur"] = "Duru", ["alv-ede"] = "Ede", ["alv-edk"] = "Edekiri", ["alv-edo"] = "Edoid", ["alv-eeo"] = "Edo-Esan-Ora", ["alv-fli"] = "Fali", ["alv-fwo"] = "ฟูลา-โวลอฟ", ["alv-gbe"] = "กเบ", ["alv-gda"] = "Ga-Dangme", ["alv-gng"] = "Guang", ["alv-gtm"] = "Ghana-Togo Mountain", ["alv-hei"] = "Heiban", ["alv-ido"] = "Idomoid", ["alv-igb"] = "Igboid", ["alv-jfe"] = "Jola-Felupe", ["alv-jol"] = "Jola", ["alv-kim"] = "Kim", ["alv-kis"] = "Kissi", ["alv-krb"] = "Karaboro", ["alv-ktg"] = "Ka-Togo", ["alv-kul"] = "Kulango", ["alv-kwa"] = "Kwa", ["alv-lag"] = "Lagoon", ["alv-lek"] = "Leko", ["alv-lim"] = "Limba", ["alv-lni"] = "Leko-Nimbari", ["alv-mbd"] = "Mbum-Day", ["alv-mbm"] = "Mbum", ["alv-mel"] = "Mel", ["alv-mum"] = "Mumuye", ["alv-mye"] = "Mumuye-Yendang", ["alv-nal"] = "Nalu", ["alv-nce"] = "North-Central Edoid", ["alv-ngb"] = "Nupe-Gbagyi", ["alv-ntg"] = "Na-Togo", ["alv-nup"] = "Nupoid", ["alv-nwd"] = "Northwestern Edoid", ["alv-nyn"] = "Nyun", ["alv-pap"] = "Papel", ["alv-pph"] = "Phla-Pherá", ["alv-ptn"] = "Potou-Tano", ["alv-sav"] = "Savanna", ["alv-sma"] = "Suppire-Mamara", ["alv-snf"] = "Senufo", ["alv-sng"] = "เซเนแกมเบียน", ["alv-snr"] = "Senari", ["alv-swd"] = "Southwestern Edoid", ["alv-tal"] = "Talodi", ["alv-tdj"] = "Tagwana-Djimini", ["alv-ten"] = "Tenda", ["alv-the"] = "Talodi-Heiban", ["alv-von"] = "วอลตา-ไนเจอร์", ["alv-wan"] = "Wara-Natyoro", ["alv-wjk"] = "Waja-Kam", ["alv-yek"] = "Yekhee", ["alv-yor"] = "Yoruba", ["alv-yrd"] = "Yoruboid", ["alv-yun"] = "Yungur", ["apa"] = "Apachean", ["aqa"] = "Alacalufan", ["aql"] = "แอลจิก", ["art"] = "ประดิษฐ์", ["ath"] = "Athabaskan", ["ath-nor"] = "North Athabaskan", ["ath-pco"] = "Pacific Coast Athabaskan", ["auf"] = "Arauan", ["aus-arn"] = "Arnhem", ["aus-bub"] = "Bunuban", ["aus-cww"] = "Central New South Wales", ["aus-dal"] = "Daly", ["aus-dyb"] = "Dyirbalic", ["aus-gar"] = "Garawan", ["aus-gun"] = "Gunwinyguan", ["aus-jar"] = "Jarrakan", ["aus-kar"] = "Karnic", ["aus-mir"] = "Mirndi", ["aus-nga"] = "Ngayarda", ["aus-nyu"] = "Nyulnyulan", ["aus-pam"] = "ปามา-ญูงัน", ["aus-pmn"] = "Paman", ["aus-psw"] = "Southwest Pama-Nyungan", ["aus-rnd"] = "Arandic", ["aus-tnk"] = "Tangkic", ["aus-wdj"] = "Iwaidjan", ["aus-wor"] = "Worrorran", ["aus-yid"] = "Yidinyic", ["aus-yng"] = "Yangmanic", ["aus-yol"] = "Yolngu", ["aus-yuk"] = "Yuin-Kuric", ["awd"] = "Arawakan", ["awd-nwk"] = "Nawiki", ["awd-taa"] = "Ta-Arawak", ["azc"] = "ยูโต-แอซเทกัน", ["azc-cup"] = "Cupan", ["azc-dur"] = "Durango Nahuatl", ["azc-hua"] = "Huasteca Nahuatl", ["azc-nah"] = "นาวัน", ["azc-num"] = "Numic", ["azc-pim"] = "Piman", ["azc-tak"] = "Takic", ["azc-trc"] = "Taracahitic", ["bad"] = "Banda", ["bad-cnt"] = "Central Banda", ["bai"] = "Bamileke", ["bat"] = "บอลติก", ["bat-eas"] = "บอลติกตะวันออก", ["bat-wes"] = "บอลติกตะวันตก", ["ber"] = "เบอร์เบอร์", ["bnt"] = "แบนทู", ["bnt-baf"] = "Bafia", ["bnt-bbo"] = "Bafo-Bonkeng", ["bnt-bdz"] = "Boma-Dzing", ["bnt-bek"] = "Bekwilic", ["bnt-bki"] = "Bena-Kinga", ["bnt-bmo"] = "Bangi-Moi", ["bnt-bne"] = "Northeast Bantu", ["bnt-bnm"] = "Bangi-Ntomba", ["bnt-boa"] = "Boan", ["bnt-bot"] = "Botatwe", ["bnt-bsa"] = "Basaa", ["bnt-bsh"] = "Bushoong", ["bnt-bso"] = "Southern Bantu", ["bnt-bta"] = "Bati-Angba", ["bnt-btb"] = "Beti", ["bnt-bte"] = "Bangi-Tetela", ["bnt-bun"] = "Buja-Ngombe", ["bnt-chg"] = "Chaga", ["bnt-cht"] = "Chaga-Taita", ["bnt-clu"] = "Chokwe-Luchazi", ["bnt-com"] = "Comorian", ["bnt-glb"] = "Great Lakes Bantu", ["bnt-haj"] = "Haya-Jita", ["bnt-kak"] = "Kako", ["bnt-kav"] = "Kavango", ["bnt-kbi"] = "Komo-Bira", ["bnt-kel"] = "Kele", ["bnt-kil"] = "Kilombero", ["bnt-kka"] = "Kikuyu-Kamba", ["bnt-kmb"] = "Kimbundu", ["bnt-kng"] = "Kongo", ["bnt-kpw"] = "Kpwe", ["bnt-ksb"] = "Kavango-Southwest Bantu", ["bnt-kts"] = "Kele-Tsogo", ["bnt-lbn"] = "Luban", ["bnt-leb"] = "Lebonya", ["bnt-lgb"] = "Lega-Binja", ["bnt-lok"] = "Logooli-Kuria", ["bnt-lub"] = "Luba", ["bnt-lun"] = "Lunda", ["bnt-mak"] = "Makua", ["bnt-mbb"] = "Mboshi-Buja", ["bnt-mbe"] = "Mbole-Enya", ["bnt-mbi"] = "Mbinga", ["bnt-mbo"] = "Mboshi", ["bnt-mbt"] = "Mbete", ["bnt-mby"] = "Mbeya", ["bnt-mij"] = "Mijikenda", ["bnt-mka"] = "Makaa", ["bnt-mne"] = "Manenguba", ["bnt-mnj"] = "Makaa-Njem", ["bnt-mon"] = "Mongo", ["bnt-mra"] = "Mbugwe-Rangi", ["bnt-msl"] = "Masaba-Luhya", ["bnt-mwi"] = "Mwika", ["bnt-ncb"] = "Northeast Coast Bantu", ["bnt-ndb"] = "Ndzem-Bomwali", ["bnt-ngn"] = "Ngondi-Ngiri", ["bnt-ngu"] = "งูนี", ["bnt-nya"] = "Nyali", ["bnt-nyb"] = "Nyanga-Buyi", ["bnt-nyg"] = "Nyoro-Ganda", ["bnt-nys"] = "นยาซา", ["bnt-nze"] = "Nzebi", ["bnt-ova"] = "Ovambo", ["bnt-par"] = "Pare", ["bnt-pen"] = "Pende", ["bnt-pob"] = "Pomo-Bomwali", ["bnt-ruk"] = "Rukwa", ["bnt-run"] = "Rungwe", ["bnt-rur"] = "Rufiji-Ruvuma", ["bnt-ruv"] = "Ruvu", ["bnt-rvm"] = "Ruvuma", ["bnt-sab"] = "Sabaki", ["bnt-saw"] = "Sawabantu", ["bnt-sbi"] = "Sabi", ["bnt-seu"] = "Seuta", ["bnt-shh"] = "Shi-Havu", ["bnt-sho"] = "Shona", ["bnt-sir"] = "Sira", ["bnt-ske"] = "Soko-Kele", ["bnt-sna"] = "Sena", ["bnt-sts"] = "Sotho-Tswana", ["bnt-swb"] = "Southwest Bantu", ["bnt-swh"] = "Swahili", ["bnt-tek"] = "Teke", ["bnt-tet"] = "Tetela", ["bnt-tkc"] = "Central Teke", ["bnt-tkm"] = "Takama", ["bnt-tmb"] = "Teke-Mbede", ["bnt-tso"] = "Tsogo", ["bnt-tsr"] = "Tswa-Ronga", ["bnt-yak"] = "Yaka", ["bnt-yko"] = "Yasa-Kombe", ["bnt-zbi"] = "Zamba-Binza", ["btk"] = "Batak", ["cau-abz"] = "Abkhaz-Abaza", ["cau-and"] = "Andian", ["cau-ava"] = "Avaro-Andian", ["cau-cir"] = "Circassian", ["cau-drg"] = "Dargwa", ["cau-esm"] = "Eastern Samur", ["cau-ets"] = "East Tsezian", ["cau-lzg"] = "Lezghian", ["cau-nec"] = "คอเคเซียนตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ", ["cau-nkh"] = "นัค", ["cau-nwc"] = "คอเคเซียนตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือ", ["cau-sam"] = "Samur", ["cau-ssm"] = "Southern Samur", ["cau-tsz"] = "Tsezian", ["cau-vay"] = "ไวนัค", ["cau-wsm"] = "Western Samur", ["cau-wts"] = "West Tsezian", ["cba"] = "Chibchan", ["ccs"] = "คาร์ทเวเลียน", ["ccs-gzn"] = "จอร์เจียน-แซน", ["ccs-zan"] = "แซน", ["cdc"] = "ชาดิก", ["cdc-cbm"] = "ชาดิกตอนกลาง", ["cdc-est"] = "ชาดิกตะวันออก", ["cdc-mas"] = "Masa", ["cdc-wst"] = "ชาดิกตะวันตก", ["cdd"] = "Caddoan", ["cel"] = "เคลติก", ["cel-brs"] = "บริทอนิกตะวันตกเฉียงใต้", ["cel-brw"] = "บริทอนิกตะวันตก", ["cel-bry"] = "บริทอนิก", ["cel-gae"] = "Goidelic", ["cel-his"] = "Hispano-Celtic", ["cel-ins"] = "Insular Celtic", ["chi"] = "Chimakuan", ["chm"] = "Mari", ["cmc"] = "จามิก", ["crp"] = "ครีโอล-พิดจิน", ["csu"] = "Central Sudanic", ["csu-bba"] = "Bongo-Bagirmi", ["csu-bbk"] = "Bongo-Baka", ["csu-bgr"] = "Bagirmi", ["csu-bkr"] = "Birri-Kresh", ["csu-ecs"] = "Eastern Central Sudanic", ["csu-kab"] = "Kaba", ["csu-lnd"] = "Lendu", ["csu-maa"] = "Mangbetu", ["csu-mle"] = "Mangbutu-Lese", ["csu-mma"] = "Moru-Madi", ["csu-sar"] = "Sara", ["csu-val"] = "Vale", ["cus"] = "Cushitic", ["cus-cen"] = "Central Cushitic", ["cus-eas"] = "East Cushitic", ["cus-hec"] = "Highland East Cushitic", ["cus-som"] = "โซมาลอยด์", ["cus-sou"] = "South Cushitic", ["day"] = "Land Dayak", ["del"] = "Lenape", ["den"] = "Slavey", ["dmn"] = "Mande", ["dmn-bbu"] = "Bisa-Busa", ["dmn-emn"] = "East Manding", ["dmn-jje"] = "Jogo-Jeri", ["dmn-man"] = "Manding", ["dmn-mda"] = "Mano-Dan", ["dmn-mdc"] = "Central Mande", ["dmn-mde"] = "Eastern Mande", ["dmn-mdw"] = "Western Mande", ["dmn-mjo"] = "Manding-Jogo", ["dmn-mmo"] = "Manding-Mokole", ["dmn-mnk"] = "Maninka", ["dmn-mnw"] = "Northwestern Mande", ["dmn-mok"] = "Mokole", ["dmn-mse"] = "Southeastern Mande", ["dmn-msw"] = "Southwestern Mande", ["dmn-mva"] = "Manding-Vai", ["dmn-nbe"] = "Nwa-Beng", ["dmn-sam"] = "Samo", ["dmn-smg"] = "Samogo", ["dmn-snb"] = "Soninke-Bobo", ["dmn-sya"] = "Susu-Yalunka", ["dmn-vak"] = "Vai-Kono", ["dmn-wmn"] = "West Manding", ["dra"] = "ดราวิเดียน", ["dra-cen"] = "ดราวิเดียนตอนกลาง", ["dra-gki"] = "Gondi-Kui", ["dra-gon"] = "Gondi", ["dra-imd"] = "Irula-Muduga", ["dra-kan"] = "Kannadoid", ["dra-kki"] = "Konda-Kui", ["dra-kml"] = "Kurukh-Malto", ["dra-knk"] = "Kolami-Naiki", ["dra-kod"] = "Kodagu", ["dra-kor"] = "Koraga", ["dra-mal"] = "Malayalamoid", ["dra-mdy"] = "Madiya", ["dra-mlo"] = "Malto", ["dra-mur"] = "Muria", ["dra-nor"] = "ดราวิเดียนเหนือ", ["dra-pgd"] = "Parji-Gadaba", ["dra-sdo"] = "ดราวิเดียนใต้ที่หนึ่ง", ["dra-sdt"] = "ดราวิเดียนใต้ที่สอง", ["dra-sou"] = "ดราวิเดียนใต้", ["dra-tam"] = "Tamiloid", ["dra-tel"] = "Teluguic", ["dra-tkd"] = "Tamil-Kodagu", ["dra-tkn"] = "Tamil-Kannada", ["dra-tkt"] = "Toda-Kota", ["dra-tlk"] = "Tulu-Koraga", ["dra-tml"] = "Tamil-Malayalam", ["egx"] = "อิจิปเชียน", ["ero"] = "Horpa", ["esx"] = "Eskimo-Aleut", ["esx-esk"] = "เอสกิโม", ["esx-inu"] = "อินุอิต", ["euq"] = "วาสโกนิก", ["gba"] = "Gbaya", ["gba-eas"] = "Eastern Gbaya", ["gba-sou"] = "Southern Gbaya", ["gba-wes"] = "Western Gbaya", ["gem"] = "เจอร์แมนิก", ["gio"] = "Gelao", ["gme"] = "เจอร์แมนิกตะวันออก", ["gmq"] = "เจอร์แมนิกเหนือ", ["gmq-eas"] = "สแกนดิเนเวียนตะวันออก", ["gmq-ins"] = "Insular Scandinavian", ["gmq-wes"] = "สแกนดิเนเวียนตะวันตก", ["gmw"] = "เจอร์แมนิกตะวันตก", ["gmw-afr"] = "แองโกล-ฟรีเชียน", ["gmw-ang"] = "แองกลิก", ["gmw-fri"] = "ฟรีเชียน", ["gmw-frk"] = "Low Franconian", ["gmw-hgm"] = "ไฮเจอร์แมน", ["gmw-ian"] = "Irish Anglo-Norman", ["gmw-lgm"] = "โลว์เจอร์แมน", ["gmw-nsg"] = "North Sea Germanic", ["gn"] = "กัวรานี", ["grb"] = "Grebo proper", ["grk"] = "เฮลเลนิก", ["him"] = "Western Pahari", ["hmn"] = "ม้ง", ["hmx"] = "ม้ง-เมี่ยน", ["hmx-mie"] = "เมี่ยน", ["hok"] = "Hokan", ["hyx"] = "อาร์มีเนียน", ["iir"] = "อินโด-อิเรเนียน", ["iir-nur"] = "Nuristani", ["ijo"] = "Ijoid", ["inc"] = "อินโด-อารยัน", ["inc-bas"] = "Bengali-Assamese", ["inc-bhi"] = "Bhil", ["inc-bih"] = "Bihari", ["inc-cen"] = "อินโด-อารยันตอนกลาง", ["inc-chi"] = "Chitrali", ["inc-dar"] = "Dardic", ["inc-dng"] = "Dangari", ["inc-dre"] = "Eastern Dardic", ["inc-eas"] = "อินโด-อารยันตะวันออก", ["inc-hal"] = "Halbic", ["inc-hie"] = "ฮินดีตะวันออก", ["inc-hiw"] = "ฮินดีตะวันตก", ["inc-hnd"] = "ฮินดูสตานี", ["inc-ins"] = "Insular Indo-Aryan", ["inc-kas"] = "Kashmiric", ["inc-koh"] = "Kohistani", ["inc-krd"] = "KRDS languages", ["inc-kun"] = "Kunar", ["inc-mid"] = "อินโด-อารยันกลาง", ["inc-nor"] = "อินโด-อารยันเหนือ", ["inc-nwe"] = "อินโด-อารยันตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือ", ["inc-old"] = "อินโด-อารยันเก่า", ["inc-pah"] = "Pahari", ["inc-pan"] = "Punjabic", ["inc-pas"] = "Pashayi", ["inc-rom"] = "Romani", ["inc-shn"] = "Shinaic", ["inc-snd"] = "Sindhic", ["inc-sou"] = "อินโด-อารยันใต้", ["inc-tha"] = "Tharu", ["inc-wes"] = "อินโด-อารยันตะวันตก", ["ine"] = "อินโด-ยูโรเปียน", ["ine-ana"] = "อานาโตเลียน", ["ine-bsl"] = "บอลโต-สลาวิก", ["ine-luw"] = "Luwic", ["ine-toc"] = "โทแคเรียน", ["ira"] = "อิเรเนียน", ["ira-cen"] = "อิเรเนียนตอนกลาง", ["ira-csp"] = "แคสเปียน", ["ira-kms"] = "Komisenian", ["ira-mid"] = "อิเรเนียนกลาง", ["ira-mny"] = "Munji-Yidgha", ["ira-mpr"] = "Medo-Parthian", ["ira-msh"] = "Mazanderani-Shahmirzadi", ["ira-nei"] = "อิเรเนียนตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ", ["ira-nwi"] = "อิเรเนียนตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือ", ["ira-old"] = "อิเรเนียนเก่า", ["ira-orp"] = "Ormuri-Parachi", ["ira-pat"] = "ปาทาน", ["ira-sbc"] = "ซอกโด-แบกเตรียน", ["ira-sei"] = "อิเรเนียนตะวันออกเฉียงใต้", ["ira-sgc"] = "ซอกดิก", ["ira-sgi"] = "Sanglechi-Ishkashimi", ["ira-shr"] = "Shughni-Roshani", ["ira-shy"] = "Shughni-Yazghulami", ["ira-swi"] = "อิเรเนียนตะวันตกเฉียงใต้", ["ira-sym"] = "Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji", ["ira-wes"] = "อิเรเนียนตะวันตก", ["ira-zgr"] = "Zaza-Gorani", ["iro"] = "Iroquoian", ["iro-nor"] = "North Iroquoian", ["itc"] = "อิตาลิก", ["itc-laf"] = "Latino-Faliscan", ["itc-sbl"] = "Osco-Umbrian", ["jpx"] = "แจพอนิก", ["jpx-nry"] = "รีวกีวอันเหนือ", ["jpx-ryu"] = "รีวกีวอัน", ["jpx-sry"] = "รีวกีวอันใต้", ["kar"] = "กะเหรี่ยง", ["kca"] = "Khanty", ["khi-kal"] = "Kalahari Khoe", ["khi-khk"] = "Khoekhoe", ["khi-kho"] = "Khoe", ["khi-kkw"] = "Khoe-Kwadi", ["khi-kxa"] = "Kx\'a", ["khi-tuu"] = "Tuu", ["kro"] = "Kru", ["kro-aiz"] = "Aizi", ["kro-bet"] = "Bété", ["kro-did"] = "Dida", ["kro-ekr"] = "Eastern Kru", ["kro-grb"] = "Grebo", ["kro-wee"] = "Wee", ["kro-wkr"] = "Western Kru", ["ku"] = "เคอร์ดิช", ["kv"] = "Komi", ["map"] = "ออสโตรนีเซียน", ["map-ata"] = "Atayalic", ["mjg"] = "Monguor", ["mkh"] = "มอญ-เขมร", ["mkh-asl"] = "Aslian", ["mkh-ban"] = "Bahnaric", ["mkh-kat"] = "Katuic", ["mkh-khm"] = "ขมุอิก", ["mkh-kmr"] = "ขแมริก", ["mkh-mnc"] = "โมนิก", ["mkh-mng"] = "Mangic", ["mkh-nbn"] = "North Bahnaric", ["mkh-pal"] = "Palaungic", ["mkh-pea"] = "แพริก", ["mkh-pkn"] = "Pakanic", ["mkh-vie"] = "เวียตติก", ["mno"] = "มาโนโบ", ["mns"] = "Mansi", ["mun"] = "มุนดา", ["myn"] = "มายัน", ["nai-cat"] = "Catawban", ["nai-chu"] = "Chumashan", ["nai-ckn"] = "Chinookan", ["nai-coo"] = "Coosan", ["nai-jcq"] = "Jicaquean", ["nai-ker"] = "Keresan", ["nai-klp"] = "Kalapuyan", ["nai-kta"] = "Kiowa-Tanoan", ["nai-len"] = "Lencan", ["nai-mdu"] = "Maiduan", ["nai-min"] = "Misumalpan", ["nai-miz"] = "Mixe-Zoquean", ["nai-mus"] = "Muskogean", ["nai-pak"] = "Pakawan", ["nai-pal"] = "Palaihnihan", ["nai-plp"] = "Plateau Penutian", ["nai-pom"] = "Pomoan", ["nai-sca"] = "Siouan-Catawban", ["nai-shp"] = "Sahaptian", ["nai-shs"] = "Shastan", ["nai-tot"] = "Totozoquean", ["nai-tqn"] = "Tequistlatecan", ["nai-tsi"] = "Tsimshianic", ["nai-ttn"] = "Totonacan", ["nai-utn"] = "Utian", ["nai-wtq"] = "Wintuan", ["nai-xin"] = "Xincan", ["nai-ykn"] = "Yukian", ["nai-you"] = "Yok-Utian", ["nai-yuc"] = "Yuman-Cochimí", ["ngf"] = "Trans-New Guinea", ["ngf-ais"] = "Aisian", ["ngf-ang"] = "Angan", ["ngf-ask"] = "Asmat-Kamoro", ["ngf-bos"] = "Bosavi", ["ngf-chw"] = "Chimbu-Wahgi", ["ngf-dag"] = "Dagan", ["ngf-dan"] = "Dani", ["ngf-eku"] = "East Kutubuan", ["ngf-eng"] = "Engan", ["ngf-eso"] = "East Sogeram", ["ngf-est"] = "East Strickland", ["ngf-eva"] = "Evapia", ["ngf-fhu"] = "Finisterre-Huon", ["ngf-fin"] = "Finisterre", ["ngf-gaw"] = "Greater Awyu", ["ngf-gsu"] = "Gogodala-Suki", ["ngf-gum"] = "Gum", ["ngf-han"] = "Hanseman", ["ngf-huo"] = "Huon", ["ngf-kag"] = "Kainantu-Goroka", ["ngf-kak"] = "Kalam-Kobon", ["ngf-kau"] = "Kaukombar", ["ngf-koi"] = "Koiarian", ["ngf-kok"] = "Kokon", ["ngf-kow"] = "Kowan", ["ngf-ksa"] = "Kalam-Southern Adelbert", ["ngf-kum"] = "Kumil", ["ngf-mab"] = "Mabuso", ["ngf-mad"] = "มาดัง", ["ngf-mek"] = "Mek", ["ngf-min"] = "Mindjim", ["ngf-mom"] = "Mombum", ["ngf-nad"] = "Northern Adelbert", ["ngf-nso"] = "North Sogeram", ["ngf-num"] = "Numugen", ["ngf-nur"] = "Nuru", ["ngf-nwh"] = "Northwest Hanseman", ["ngf-okk"] = "Ok", ["ngf-omo"] = "Omosan", ["ngf-pan"] = "Paniai Lakes", ["ngf-pek"] = "Peka", ["ngf-pom"] = "Pomoikan", ["ngf-rai"] = "Rai Coast", ["ngf-sad"] = "Southern Adelbert", ["ngf-sbh"] = "เซาท์เบิร์ดส์เฮด", ["ngf-sog"] = "Sogeram", ["ngf-tib"] = "Tiboran", ["ngf-usi"] = "Utu-Silopi", ["ngf-wso"] = "West Sogeram", ["ngf-yag"] = "Yaganon", ["ngf-yar"] = "Yareban", ["nic"] = "ไนเจอร์-คองโก", ["nic-alu"] = "Alumic", ["nic-bas"] = "Basa", ["nic-bbe"] = "Eastern Beboid", ["nic-bco"] = "เบนูเอ-คองโก", ["nic-bcr"] = "Bantoid-Cross", ["nic-bdn"] = "แบนทอยด์เหนือ", ["nic-bds"] = "แบนทอยด์ใต้", ["nic-beb"] = "Beboid", ["nic-ben"] = "Bendi", ["nic-beo"] = "Beromic", ["nic-bod"] = "แบนทอยด์", ["nic-buk"] = "Buli-Koma", ["nic-bwa"] = "Bwa", ["nic-cde"] = "Central Delta", ["nic-cri"] = "Cross River", ["nic-dag"] = "Dagbani", ["nic-dak"] = "Dakoid", ["nic-dge"] = "Escarpment Dogon", ["nic-dgw"] = "West Dogon", ["nic-eko"] = "Ekoid", ["nic-eov"] = "Eastern Oti-Volta", ["nic-fru"] = "Furu", ["nic-gne"] = "Eastern Gurunsi", ["nic-gnn"] = "Northern Gurunsi", ["nic-gns"] = "Gurunsi", ["nic-gnw"] = "Western Gurunsi", ["nic-gre"] = "Eastern Grassfields", ["nic-grf"] = "Grassfields", ["nic-grm"] = "Gurma", ["nic-grs"] = "Southwest Grassfields", ["nic-gur"] = "กูร์", ["nic-ief"] = "Ibibio-Efik", ["nic-jer"] = "Jera", ["nic-jkn"] = "Jukunoid", ["nic-jrn"] = "Jarawan", ["nic-jrw"] = "Jarawa", ["nic-kam"] = "Kambari", ["nic-kau"] = "Kauru", ["nic-kmk"] = "Kamuku", ["nic-kne"] = "East Kainji", ["nic-knj"] = "Kainji", ["nic-knn"] = "Northwest Kainji", ["nic-ktl"] = "Katloid", ["nic-lcr"] = "Lower Cross River", ["nic-mam"] = "Mamfe", ["nic-mba"] = "Mbam", ["nic-mbc"] = "Mba", ["nic-mbw"] = "West Mbam", ["nic-mmb"] = "Mambiloid", ["nic-mom"] = "Momo", ["nic-mre"] = "Moré", ["nic-ngd"] = "Ngbandi", ["nic-nge"] = "Ngemba", ["nic-ngk"] = "Ngbaka", ["nic-nin"] = "Ninzic", ["nic-nka"] = "Nkambe", ["nic-nkb"] = "Baka", ["nic-nke"] = "Eastern Ngbaka", ["nic-nkg"] = "Gbanziri", ["nic-nkk"] = "Kpala", ["nic-nkm"] = "Mbaka", ["nic-nkw"] = "Western Ngbaka", ["nic-npd"] = "North Plateau Dogon", ["nic-nun"] = "Nun", ["nic-nwa"] = "Nanga-Walo", ["nic-ogo"] = "Ogoni", ["nic-ovo"] = "Oti-Volta", ["nic-pla"] = "Platoid", ["nic-plc"] = "Central Plateau", ["nic-pld"] = "Plains Dogon", ["nic-ple"] = "East Plateau", ["nic-pls"] = "South Plateau", ["nic-plt"] = "Plateau", ["nic-ras"] = "Rashad", ["nic-rnc"] = "Central Ring", ["nic-rng"] = "Ring", ["nic-rnn"] = "Northern Ring", ["nic-rnw"] = "Western Ring", ["nic-ser"] = "Sere", ["nic-shi"] = "Shiroro", ["nic-sis"] = "Sisaala", ["nic-tar"] = "Tarokoid", ["nic-tiv"] = "Tivoid", ["nic-tvc"] = "Central Tivoid", ["nic-tvn"] = "Northern Tivoid", ["nic-ubg"] = "Ubangian", ["nic-uce"] = "East-West Upper Cross River", ["nic-ucn"] = "North-South Upper Cross River", ["nic-ucr"] = "Upper Cross River", ["nic-vco"] = "วอลตา-คองโก", ["nic-wov"] = "Western Oti-Volta", ["nic-ykb"] = "Yukubenic", ["nic-ymb"] = "Yambasa", ["nic-yon"] = "Yom-Nawdm", ["nub"] = "นูเบียน", ["nub-hil"] = "Hill Nubian", ["nur-nor"] = "Northern Nuristani", ["nur-sou"] = "Southern Nuristani", ["omq"] = "Oto-Manguean", ["omq-cha"] = "Chatino", ["omq-chi"] = "Chinantecan", ["omq-cui"] = "Cuicatec", ["omq-maz"] = "Mazatecan", ["omq-mix"] = "Mixtecan", ["omq-mxt"] = "Mixtec", ["omq-otp"] = "Oto-Pamean", ["omq-pop"] = "Popolocan", ["omq-tri"] = "Triqui", ["omq-zap"] = "Zapotecan", ["omq-zpc"] = "Zapotec", ["omv"] = "Omotic", ["omv-aro"] = "Aroid", ["omv-diz"] = "Dizoid", ["omv-eom"] = "East Ometo", ["omv-gon"] = "Gonga", ["omv-mao"] = "Mao", ["omv-nom"] = "North Ometo", ["omv-ome"] = "Ometo", ["oto"] = "Otomian", ["oto-otm"] = "Otomi", ["paa"] = "ปาปวน", ["paa-amu"] = "Amto-Musan", ["paa-ani"] = "Anim", ["paa-arf"] = "Arafundi", ["paa-baw"] = "Bayono-Awbono", ["paa-bin"] = "Binanderean", ["paa-bng"] = "Baining", ["paa-brd"] = "Border", ["paa-bul"] = "Bulaka River", ["paa-dot"] = "Doso-Turumsa", ["paa-ebh"] = "East Bird\'s Head", ["paa-eel"] = "Eastern Eleman", ["paa-egb"] = "East Geelvink Bay", ["paa-eke"] = "East Keram", ["paa-ele"] = "Eleman", ["paa-etf"] = "Eastern Trans-Fly", ["paa-fas"] = "Fas", ["paa-gbi"] = "Greater Binanderean", ["paa-iwm"] = "Iwam", ["paa-kae"] = "Kamula-Elevala", ["paa-kay"] = "Kayagaric", ["paa-ker"] = "Keram", ["paa-kiw"] = "Kiwaian", ["paa-kko"] = "Kaure-Kosare", ["paa-kol"] = "Kolopom", ["paa-kun"] = "Kunimaipan", ["paa-kwa"] = "Kwalean", ["paa-kwm"] = "Kwomtari", ["paa-lem"] = "Left May", ["paa-lkp"] = "Lakes Plain", ["paa-lsp"] = "Lower Sepik", ["paa-mai"] = "Mairasi", ["paa-mal"] = "Mailuan", ["paa-man"] = "Manubaran", ["paa-mbi"] = "Mbaham-Iha", ["paa-mbr"] = "Maybratic", ["paa-msk"] = "Sko", ["paa-nbo"] = "North Bougainville", ["paa-ndu"] = "Ndu", ["paa-nha"] = "North Halmahera", ["paa-nim"] = "Nimboran", ["paa-pau"] = "Pauwasi", ["paa-pht"] = "Pahoturi River", ["paa-pia"] = "Piawi", ["paa-ram"] = "Ramu", ["paa-sbo"] = "South Bougainville", ["paa-sen"] = "Sentani", ["paa-sng"] = "Senagi", ["paa-spk"] = "Sepik", ["paa-tap"] = "Timor-Alor-Pantar", ["paa-teb"] = "Teberan", ["paa-tkw"] = "Tor-Kwerba", ["paa-tor"] = "Torricelli", ["paa-tuk"] = "Turama-Kikori", ["paa-wal"] = "Walio", ["paa-wbh"] = "West Bird\'s Head", ["paa-wel"] = "Western Eleman", ["paa-wke"] = "West Keram", ["paa-yam"] = "Yam", ["paa-yaw"] = "Yawa-Saweru", ["paa-yua"] = "Yuat", ["phi"] = "ฟิลิปปินส์", ["phi-kal"] = "คาลาเมียน", ["poz"] = "มาลาโย-พอลินีเชียน", ["poz-aay"] = "Admiralty Islands", ["poz-bnn"] = "บอร์เนียวเหนือ", ["poz-bre"] = "East Barito", ["poz-brw"] = "West Barito", ["poz-bss"] = "Bali-Sasak-Sumbawa", ["poz-btk"] = "Bungku-Tolaki", ["poz-cet"] = "มาลาโย-พอลินีเชียนตอนกลาง-ตะวันออก", ["poz-clb"] = "Celebic", ["poz-cln"] = "นิวแคลิโดเนียน", ["poz-cma"] = "Central Maluku", ["poz-hce"] = "Halmahera-Cenderawasih", ["poz-kal"] = "Kaili-Pamona", ["poz-lgx"] = "ลัมปุงกิก", ["poz-mcm"] = "มาลาโย-จามิก", ["poz-mic"] = "ไมโครนีเซียน", ["poz-mly"] = "มาเลย์อิก", ["poz-msa"] = "มาลาโย-ซุมบาวัน", ["poz-mun"] = "Muna-Buton", ["poz-nws"] = "Northwest Sumatran", ["poz-occ"] = "โอเชียนิกตอนกลาง-ตะวันออก", ["poz-oce"] = "โอเชียนิก", ["poz-ocs"] = "โอเชียนิกใต้", ["poz-ocw"] = "โอเชียนิกตะวันตก", ["poz-pcc"] = "แปซิฟิกตอนกลาง", ["poz-pep"] = "พอลินีเชียนตะวันออก", ["poz-pnp"] = "นิวเคลียร์พอลินีเชียน", ["poz-pol"] = "พอลินีเชียน", ["poz-san"] = "Sabahan", ["poz-sbj"] = "Sama-Bajaw", ["poz-slb"] = "Saluan-Banggai", ["poz-sls"] = "Southeast Solomonic", ["poz-ssw"] = "ซูลาเวซีใต้", ["poz-stm"] = "St. Matthias", ["poz-swa"] = "ซาราวักเหนือ", ["poz-tem"] = "Temotu", ["poz-tim"] = "Timoric", ["poz-ton"] = "Tongic", ["poz-tot"] = "Tomini-Tolitoli", ["poz-vnc"] = "Central Vanuatu", ["poz-vnn"] = "North Vanuatu", ["poz-vns"] = "South Vanuatu", ["poz-wot"] = "Wotu-Wolio", ["pqe"] = "มาลาโย-พอลินีเชียนตะวันออก", ["qfa-adc"] = "เกรตอันดามันนีสตอนกลาง", ["qfa-adm"] = "เกรตอันดามันนีส", ["qfa-adn"] = "เกรตอันดามันนีสเหนือ", ["qfa-ads"] = "เกรตอันดามันนีสใต้", ["qfa-ain"] = "Ainuic", ["qfa-bej"] = "Be-Jizhao", ["qfa-bet"] = "เบ-ไท", ["qfa-buy"] = "Buyang", ["qfa-cka"] = "Chukotko-Kamchatkan", ["qfa-ckn"] = "Chukotkan", ["qfa-cnt"] = "contact", ["qfa-cre"] = "ครีโอล", ["qfa-dgn"] = "Dogon", ["qfa-dis"] = "disputed affiliation", ["qfa-dny"] = "Dene-Yeniseian", ["qfa-hur"] = "Hurro-Urartian", ["qfa-iso"] = "โดดเดี่ยว", ["qfa-kad"] = "Kadu", ["qfa-kms"] = "Kam-Sui", ["qfa-kor"] = "โคเรียน", ["qfa-kra"] = "ขร้า", ["qfa-lic"] = "ไลอิก", ["qfa-mch"] = "Macro-Chibchan", ["qfa-mix"] = "ผสม", ["qfa-not"] = "ไม่ใช่กลุ่มภาษา", ["qfa-onb"] = "เบ", ["qfa-ong"] = "Ongan", ["qfa-pid"] = "พิดจิน", ["qfa-sub"] = "substrate", ["qfa-tak"] = "ขร้า-ไท", ["qfa-tyn"] = "Tyrsenian", ["qfa-unc"] = "unclassifiable", ["qfa-xgs"] = "Serbi-Mongolic", ["qfa-xgx"] = "Para-Mongolic", ["qfa-yen"] = "Yeniseian", ["qfa-yke"] = "Ketic", ["qfa-yko"] = "Kottic", ["qfa-ypm"] = "Pumpokolic", ["qfa-yrn"] = "Arinic", ["qfa-yuk"] = "Yukaghir", ["qwe"] = "เกชวน", ["raj"] = "ราชสถาน", ["roa"] = "โรมานซ์", ["roa-asl"] = "Asturleonese", ["roa-cas"] = "Castilian", ["roa-dal"] = "Dalmatian Romance", ["roa-eas"] = "โรมานซ์ตะวันออก", ["roa-emr"] = "Emilian-Romagnol", ["roa-gap"] = "Galician-Portuguese", ["roa-gar"] = "Gallo-Romance", ["roa-git"] = "แกลโล-อิตาลิก", ["roa-grh"] = "Gallo-Rhaetian", ["roa-ibe"] = "Ibero-Romance", ["roa-itd"] = "อิตาโล-แดลเมเชียน", ["roa-itr"] = "Italo-Romance", ["roa-iwr"] = "Italo-Western Romance", ["roa-nar"] = "Navarro-Aragonese", ["roa-ocr"] = "Occitano-Romance", ["roa-oil"] = "อออีล", ["roa-rhe"] = "Rhaeto-Romance", ["roa-sou"] = "Southern Romance", ["roa-wes"] = "Western Romance", ["sai-ara"] = "Araucanian", ["sai-aym"] = "Aymaran", ["sai-bar"] = "Barbacoan", ["sai-bor"] = "Boran", ["sai-cah"] = "Cahuapanan", ["sai-car"] = "Cariban", ["sai-cer"] = "Cerrado", ["sai-chc"] = "Chocoan", ["sai-cho"] = "Chonan", ["sai-cje"] = "Central Jê", ["sai-cpc"] = "Chapacuran", ["sai-crn"] = "Charruan", ["sai-ctc"] = "Catacaoan", ["sai-guc"] = "Guaicuruan", ["sai-guh"] = "Guahiban", ["sai-gui"] = "Guianan", ["sai-har"] = "Harákmbut", ["sai-hkt"] = "Harákmbut-Katukinan", ["sai-hrp"] = "Huarpean", ["sai-jee"] = "Jê", ["sai-jir"] = "Jirajaran", ["sai-jiv"] = "Jivaroan", ["sai-ktk"] = "Katukinan", ["sai-kui"] = "Kuikuroan", ["sai-map"] = "Mapoyan", ["sai-mas"] = "Mascoian", ["sai-mgc"] = "Mataco-Guaicuru", ["sai-mje"] = "Macro-Jê", ["sai-mtc"] = "Matacoan", ["sai-mur"] = "Muran", ["sai-nad"] = "Nadahup", ["sai-nje"] = "Northern Jê", ["sai-nmk"] = "Nambikwaran", ["sai-otm"] = "Otomacoan", ["sai-pan"] = "Panoan", ["sai-pat"] = "Pano-Tacanan", ["sai-pek"] = "Pekodian", ["sai-pem"] = "Pemongan", ["sai-pey"] = "Peba-Yaguan", ["sai-prk"] = "Parukotoan", ["sai-sje"] = "Southern Jê", ["sai-tac"] = "Tacanan", ["sai-tar"] = "Taranoan", ["sai-tuc"] = "Tucanoan", ["sai-tyu"] = "Ticuna-Yuri", ["sai-ucp"] = "Uru-Chipaya", ["sai-ven"] = "Venezuelan Cariban", ["sai-wic"] = "Wichí", ["sai-wit"] = "Witotoan", ["sai-ynm"] = "Yanomami", ["sai-yuk"] = "Yukpan", ["sai-zam"] = "Zamucoan", ["sai-zap"] = "Zaparoan", ["sal"] = "Salish", ["sdv"] = "Eastern Sudanic", ["sdv-bri"] = "Bari", ["sdv-daj"] = "Daju", ["sdv-dnu"] = "Dinka-Nuer", ["sdv-eje"] = "Eastern Jebel", ["sdv-kln"] = "Kalenjin", ["sdv-lma"] = "Lotuko-Maa", ["sdv-lon"] = "Northern Luo", ["sdv-los"] = "Southern Luo", ["sdv-luo"] = "Luo", ["sdv-nes"] = "Northern Eastern Sudanic", ["sdv-nie"] = "Eastern Nilotic", ["sdv-nil"] = "Nilotic", ["sdv-nis"] = "Southern Nilotic", ["sdv-niw"] = "Western Nilotic", ["sdv-nma"] = "Nandi-Markweta", ["sdv-nyi"] = "Nyima", ["sdv-tmn"] = "Taman", ["sdv-ttu"] = "Teso-Turkana", ["sel"] = "Selkup", ["sem"] = "เซมิติก", ["sem-ara"] = "แอราเมอิก", ["sem-arb"] = "อารบิก", ["sem-are"] = "แอราเมอิกตะวันออก", ["sem-arw"] = "แอราเมอิกตะวันตก", ["sem-ase"] = "แอราเมอิกตะวันออกเฉียงใต้", ["sem-can"] = "Canaanite", ["sem-cen"] = "เซมิติกตอนกลาง", ["sem-cna"] = "Central Neo-Aramaic", ["sem-eas"] = "เซมิติกตะวันออก", ["sem-eth"] = "Ethiopian Semitic", ["sem-nna"] = "Northeastern Neo-Aramaic", ["sem-nwe"] = "เซมิติกตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือ", ["sem-osa"] = "Old South Arabian", ["sem-sar"] = "Modern South Arabian", ["sem-wes"] = "เซมิติกตะวันตก", ["sgn"] = "มือ", ["sgn-fsl"] = "French Sign Languages", ["sgn-gsl"] = "German Sign Languages", ["sgn-jsl"] = "Japanese Sign Languages", ["sio"] = "Siouan", ["sio-dhe"] = "Dhegihan", ["sio-dkt"] = "Dakotan", ["sio-mor"] = "Missouri River Siouan", ["sio-msv"] = "Mississippi Valley Siouan", ["sio-ohv"] = "Ohio Valley Siouan", ["sit"] = "ซีโน-ทิเบตัน", ["sit-aao"] = "Central Naga", ["sit-alm"] = "Almora", ["sit-bai"] = "ไป๋", ["sit-bdi"] = "Bodish", ["sit-cln"] = "Cai-Long", ["sit-dhi"] = "Dhimalish", ["sit-ebo"] = "East Bodish", ["sit-egy"] = "East rGyalrongic", ["sit-ers"] = "Ersuic", ["sit-gma"] = "Greater Magaric", ["sit-gsi"] = "Greater Siangic", ["sit-hrs"] = "Hrusish", ["sit-jnp"] = "Jingphoic", ["sit-jpl"] = "กะชีน-ลูอิก", ["sit-kch"] = "Konyak-Chang", ["sit-kha"] = "Kham", ["sit-khb"] = "Kho-Bwa", ["sit-khc"] = "Chug-Lish", ["sit-khm"] = "Mey-Sartang", ["sit-khw"] = "Western Kho-Bwa", ["sit-kic"] = "Central Kiranti", ["sit-kie"] = "Eastern Kiranti", ["sit-kin"] = "Kinnauric", ["sit-kir"] = "Kiranti", ["sit-kiw"] = "Western Kiranti", ["sit-kon"] = "Konyak", ["sit-kyk"] = "Kyirong-Kagate", ["sit-lab"] = "Ladakhi-Balti", ["sit-las"] = "Lahuli-Spiti", ["sit-luu"] = "ลูอิช", ["sit-mar"] = "Maringic", ["sit-mba"] = "แมโคร-ไป๋", ["sit-mdz"] = "Midzu", ["sit-mnz"] = "Mondzish", ["sit-mru"] = "Mruic", ["sit-nas"] = "Naish", ["sit-nax"] = "Naic", ["sit-nba"] = "ไป๋เหนือ", ["sit-new"] = "Newaric", ["sit-nng"] = "Nungish", ["sit-qia"] = "Qiangic", ["sit-rgy"] = "Rgyalrongic", ["sit-sba"] = "ซีโน-ไป๋", ["sit-tam"] = "Tamangic", ["sit-tan"] = "Tani", ["sit-tib"] = "Tibetic", ["sit-tja"] = "Tujia", ["sit-tma"] = "Tangkhul-Maring", ["sit-tng"] = "Tangkhulic", ["sit-tno"] = "Tangsa-Nocte", ["sit-tsk"] = "Tshangla", ["sit-wgy"] = "West rGyalrongic", ["sit-whm"] = "West Himalayish", ["sit-zem"] = "Zeme", ["sla"] = "สลาวิก", ["smi"] = "ซามิก", ["son"] = "Songhay", ["sqj"] = "แอลเบเนียน", ["ssa"] = "Nilo-Saharan", ["ssa-fur"] = "Fur", ["ssa-klk"] = "Kuliak", ["ssa-kom"] = "Koman", ["ssa-sah"] = "Saharan", ["syd"] = "Samoyedic", ["syd-ene"] = "Enets", ["tai"] = "ไท", ["tai-cen"] = "ไทตอนกลาง", ["tai-cho"] = "ไทฉงจั่ว", ["tai-nor"] = "ไทเหนือ", ["tai-sap"] = "ซาปา-ไทตะวันตกเฉียงใต้", ["tai-swe"] = "ไทตะวันตกเฉียงใต้", ["tai-tay"] = "ตั่ย", ["tai-wen"] = "เหวินหม่า-ไทตะวันตกเฉียงใต้", ["tbq"] = "ทิเบโต-เบอร์มัน", ["tbq-anp"] = "Angami-Pochuri", ["tbq-axi"] = "Axioid", ["tbq-bdg"] = "โบโด-กาโร", ["tbq-bis"] = "บีซอยด์", ["tbq-bka"] = "Bi-Ka", ["tbq-bkj"] = "ซัล", ["tbq-brm"] = "เบอร์มิช", ["tbq-buq"] = "เบอร์โม-เชียงอิก", ["tbq-drp"] = "Downriver Phula", ["tbq-han"] = "Hanoid", ["tbq-hph"] = "Highland Phula", ["tbq-jin"] = "Jino", ["tbq-kuk"] = "Kuki-Chin", ["tbq-kzh"] = "Kazhuoish", ["tbq-lal"] = "Lalo", ["tbq-lho"] = "Lahoish", ["tbq-llo"] = "Lipo-Lolopo", ["tbq-lob"] = "โลโล-เบอร์มีซ", ["tbq-lol"] = "โลโลอิช", ["tbq-lso"] = "Lisoish", ["tbq-lwo"] = "Lawoish", ["tbq-muj"] = "Muji", ["tbq-nas"] = "Nasoid", ["tbq-nis"] = "Nisu", ["tbq-nlo"] = "โลโลอิชเหนือ", ["tbq-nso"] = "Nisoish", ["tbq-nus"] = "Nusoish", ["tbq-phw"] = "Phowa", ["tbq-rph"] = "Riverine Phula", ["tbq-sel"] = "โลโลอิชตะวันออกเฉียงใต้", ["tbq-sil"] = "Siloid", ["tbq-slo"] = "โลโลอิชใต้", ["tbq-tal"] = "Taloid", ["tbq-urp"] = "Upriver Phula", ["trk"] = "เตอร์กิก", ["trk-cmn"] = "Common Turkic", ["trk-kar"] = "การ์ลุก", ["trk-kbu"] = "คิปชาก-โบลการ์", ["trk-kcu"] = "คิปชาก-คูมาน", ["trk-kip"] = "คิปชาก", ["trk-kkp"] = "คีร์กีซ-คิปชาก", ["trk-kno"] = "คิปชาก-โนกาย", ["trk-nsb"] = "ไซบีเรียนเตอร์กิกเหนือ", ["trk-ogr"] = "โอคูร์", ["trk-ogz"] = "โอคุซ", ["trk-sib"] = "ไซบีเรียนเตอร์กิก", ["trk-ssb"] = "ไซบีเรียนเตอร์กิกใต้", ["tup"] = "ตูเปียน", ["tup-gua"] = "ตูปี-กัวรานี", ["tuw"] = "Tungusic", ["tuw-ewe"] = "Ewenic", ["tuw-jrc"] = "จูร์เชนิก", ["tuw-nan"] = "Nanaic", ["tuw-udg"] = "Udegheic", ["urj"] = "ยูราลิก", ["urj-fin"] = "ฟินนิก", ["urj-mdv"] = "Mordvinic", ["urj-prm"] = "เปอร์มิก", ["urj-ugr"] = "ยูกริก", ["wak"] = "Wakashan", ["wen"] = "ซอร์เบียน", ["xgn"] = "มองโกลิก", ["xgn-cen"] = "มองโกลิกตอนกลาง", ["xgn-shr"] = "Shirongolic", ["xgn-sou"] = "มองโกลิกใต้", ["xme"] = "Median", ["xme-ttc"] = "Tatic", ["xnd"] = "Na-Dene", ["xsc"] = "Scythian", ["xsc-sak"] = "Saka", ["xsc-sar"] = "Sarmatian", ["xsc-skw"] = "Saka-Wakhi", ["yok"] = "Yokuts", ["ypk"] = "Yupik", ["yrk"] = "Nenets", ["zhx"] = "ซินิติก", ["zhx-com"] = "หมิ่นชายฝั่ง", ["zhx-inm"] = "Inland Min", ["zhx-man"] = "แมนดารินิก", ["zhx-min"] = "หมิ่น", ["zhx-nan"] = "หมิ่นใต้", ["zhx-pin"] = "Pinghua", ["zhx-yue"] = "Yue", ["zle"] = "สลาวิกตะวันออก", ["zls"] = "สลาวิกใต้", ["zlw"] = "สลาวิกตะวันตก", ["zlw-lch"] = "เลคิติก", ["zlw-pom"] = "Pomeranian", ["znd"] = "Zande", } bfupruf7cfn9s7oaint2ue4rvxytjy2 5753710 5753692 2026-08-02T02:35:43Z OctraBot 3198 5753710 Scribunto text/plain return { ["aav"] = "ออสโตรเอเชียติก", ["aav-khs"] = "คาเซียน", ["aav-nic"] = "นิโคบารีส", ["aav-pkl"] = "ปนัร-คาซี-ลึงงัม", ["afa"] = "แอฟโฟรเอเชียติก", ["alg"] = "แอลกองเคียน", ["alg-abp"] = "Abenaki-Penobscot", ["alg-ara"] = "Arapahoan", ["alg-eas"] = "Eastern Algonquian", ["alg-sfk"] = "Sac-Fox-Kickapoo", ["alv"] = "แอตแลนติก-คองโก", ["alv-aah"] = "Ayere-Ahan", ["alv-ada"] = "Adamawa", ["alv-bag"] = "Baga", ["alv-bak"] = "Bak", ["alv-bam"] = "Bambukic", ["alv-bny"] = "Banyum", ["alv-bua"] = "Bua", ["alv-bwj"] = "Bikwin-Jen", ["alv-cng"] = "Cangin", ["alv-ctn"] = "Central Tano", ["alv-dlt"] = "Delta Edoid", ["alv-dur"] = "Duru", ["alv-ede"] = "Ede", ["alv-edk"] = "Edekiri", ["alv-edo"] = "Edoid", ["alv-eeo"] = "Edo-Esan-Ora", ["alv-fli"] = "Fali", ["alv-fwo"] = "ฟูลา-โวลอฟ", ["alv-gbe"] = "กเบ", ["alv-gda"] = "Ga-Dangme", ["alv-gng"] = "Guang", ["alv-gtm"] = "Ghana-Togo Mountain", ["alv-hei"] = "Heiban", ["alv-ido"] = "Idomoid", ["alv-igb"] = "Igboid", ["alv-jfe"] = "Jola-Felupe", ["alv-jol"] = "Jola", ["alv-kim"] = "Kim", ["alv-kis"] = "Kissi", ["alv-krb"] = "Karaboro", ["alv-ktg"] = "Ka-Togo", ["alv-kul"] = "Kulango", ["alv-kwa"] = "Kwa", ["alv-lag"] = "Lagoon", ["alv-lek"] = "Leko", ["alv-lim"] = "Limba", ["alv-lni"] = "Leko-Nimbari", ["alv-mbd"] = "Mbum-Day", ["alv-mbm"] = "Mbum", ["alv-mel"] = "Mel", ["alv-mum"] = "Mumuye", ["alv-mye"] = "Mumuye-Yendang", ["alv-nal"] = "Nalu", ["alv-nce"] = "North-Central Edoid", ["alv-ngb"] = "Nupe-Gbagyi", ["alv-ntg"] = "Na-Togo", ["alv-nup"] = "Nupoid", ["alv-nwd"] = "Northwestern Edoid", ["alv-nyn"] = "Nyun", ["alv-pap"] = "Papel", ["alv-pph"] = "Phla-Pherá", ["alv-ptn"] = "Potou-Tano", ["alv-sav"] = "Savanna", ["alv-sma"] = "Suppire-Mamara", ["alv-snf"] = "Senufo", ["alv-sng"] = "เซเนแกมเบียน", ["alv-snr"] = "Senari", ["alv-swd"] = "Southwestern Edoid", ["alv-tal"] = "Talodi", ["alv-tdj"] = "Tagwana-Djimini", ["alv-ten"] = "Tenda", ["alv-the"] = "Talodi-Heiban", ["alv-von"] = "วอลตา-ไนเจอร์", ["alv-wan"] = "Wara-Natyoro", ["alv-wjk"] = "Waja-Kam", ["alv-yek"] = "Yekhee", ["alv-yor"] = "Yoruba", ["alv-yrd"] = "Yoruboid", ["alv-yun"] = "Yungur", ["apa"] = "Apachean", ["aqa"] = "Alacalufan", ["aql"] = "แอลจิก", ["art"] = "ประดิษฐ์", ["ath"] = "Athabaskan", ["ath-nor"] = "North Athabaskan", ["ath-pco"] = "Pacific Coast Athabaskan", ["auf"] = "Arauan", ["aus-arn"] = "Arnhem", ["aus-bub"] = "Bunuban", ["aus-cww"] = "Central New South Wales", ["aus-dal"] = "Daly", ["aus-dyb"] = "Dyirbalic", ["aus-gar"] = "Garawan", ["aus-gun"] = "Gunwinyguan", ["aus-jar"] = "Jarrakan", ["aus-kar"] = "Karnic", ["aus-mir"] = "Mirndi", ["aus-nga"] = "Ngayarda", ["aus-nyu"] = "Nyulnyulan", ["aus-pam"] = "ปามา-ญูงัน", ["aus-pmn"] = "Paman", ["aus-psw"] = "Southwest Pama-Nyungan", ["aus-rnd"] = "Arandic", ["aus-tnk"] = "Tangkic", ["aus-wdj"] = "Iwaidjan", ["aus-wor"] = "Worrorran", ["aus-yid"] = "Yidinyic", ["aus-yng"] = "Yangmanic", ["aus-yol"] = "Yolngu", ["aus-yuk"] = "Yuin-Kuric", ["awd"] = "Arawakan", ["awd-nwk"] = "Nawiki", ["awd-taa"] = "Ta-Arawak", ["azc"] = "ยูโต-แอซเทกัน", ["azc-cup"] = "Cupan", ["azc-dur"] = "Durango Nahuatl", ["azc-hua"] = "Huasteca Nahuatl", ["azc-nah"] = "นาวัน", ["azc-num"] = "Numic", ["azc-pim"] = "Piman", ["azc-tak"] = "Takic", ["azc-trc"] = "Taracahitic", ["bad"] = "Banda", ["bad-cnt"] = "Central Banda", ["bai"] = "Bamileke", ["bat"] = "บอลติก", ["bat-eas"] = "บอลติกตะวันออก", ["bat-wes"] = "บอลติกตะวันตก", ["ber"] = "เบอร์เบอร์", ["bnt"] = "แบนทู", ["bnt-baf"] = "Bafia", ["bnt-bbo"] = "Bafo-Bonkeng", ["bnt-bdz"] = "Boma-Dzing", ["bnt-bek"] = "Bekwilic", ["bnt-bki"] = "Bena-Kinga", ["bnt-bmo"] = "Bangi-Moi", ["bnt-bne"] = "Northeast Bantu", ["bnt-bnm"] = "Bangi-Ntomba", ["bnt-boa"] = "Boan", ["bnt-bot"] = "Botatwe", ["bnt-bsa"] = "Basaa", ["bnt-bsh"] = "Bushoong", ["bnt-bso"] = "Southern Bantu", ["bnt-bta"] = "Bati-Angba", ["bnt-btb"] = "Beti", ["bnt-bte"] = "Bangi-Tetela", ["bnt-bun"] = "Buja-Ngombe", ["bnt-chg"] = "Chaga", ["bnt-cht"] = "Chaga-Taita", ["bnt-clu"] = "Chokwe-Luchazi", ["bnt-com"] = "Comorian", ["bnt-glb"] = "Great Lakes Bantu", ["bnt-haj"] = "Haya-Jita", ["bnt-kak"] = "Kako", ["bnt-kav"] = "Kavango", ["bnt-kbi"] = "Komo-Bira", ["bnt-kel"] = "Kele", ["bnt-kil"] = "Kilombero", ["bnt-kka"] = "Kikuyu-Kamba", ["bnt-kmb"] = "Kimbundu", ["bnt-kng"] = "Kongo", ["bnt-kpw"] = "Kpwe", ["bnt-ksb"] = "Kavango-Southwest Bantu", ["bnt-kts"] = "Kele-Tsogo", ["bnt-lbn"] = "Luban", ["bnt-leb"] = "Lebonya", ["bnt-lgb"] = "Lega-Binja", ["bnt-lok"] = "Logooli-Kuria", ["bnt-lub"] = "Luba", ["bnt-lun"] = "Lunda", ["bnt-mak"] = "Makua", ["bnt-mbb"] = "Mboshi-Buja", ["bnt-mbe"] = "Mbole-Enya", ["bnt-mbi"] = "Mbinga", ["bnt-mbo"] = "Mboshi", ["bnt-mbt"] = "Mbete", ["bnt-mby"] = "Mbeya", ["bnt-mij"] = "Mijikenda", ["bnt-mka"] = "Makaa", ["bnt-mne"] = "Manenguba", ["bnt-mnj"] = "Makaa-Njem", ["bnt-mon"] = "Mongo", ["bnt-mra"] = "Mbugwe-Rangi", ["bnt-msl"] = "Masaba-Luhya", ["bnt-mwi"] = "Mwika", ["bnt-ncb"] = "Northeast Coast Bantu", ["bnt-ndb"] = "Ndzem-Bomwali", ["bnt-ngn"] = "Ngondi-Ngiri", ["bnt-ngu"] = "งูนี", ["bnt-nya"] = "Nyali", ["bnt-nyb"] = "Nyanga-Buyi", ["bnt-nyg"] = "Nyoro-Ganda", ["bnt-nys"] = "นยาซา", ["bnt-nze"] = "Nzebi", ["bnt-ova"] = "Ovambo", ["bnt-par"] = "Pare", ["bnt-pen"] = "Pende", ["bnt-pob"] = "Pomo-Bomwali", ["bnt-ruk"] = "Rukwa", ["bnt-run"] = "Rungwe", ["bnt-rur"] = "Rufiji-Ruvuma", ["bnt-ruv"] = "Ruvu", ["bnt-rvm"] = "Ruvuma", ["bnt-sab"] = "Sabaki", ["bnt-saw"] = "Sawabantu", ["bnt-sbi"] = "Sabi", ["bnt-seu"] = "Seuta", ["bnt-shh"] = "Shi-Havu", ["bnt-sho"] = "Shona", ["bnt-sir"] = "Sira", ["bnt-ske"] = "Soko-Kele", ["bnt-sna"] = "Sena", ["bnt-sts"] = "Sotho-Tswana", ["bnt-swb"] = "Southwest Bantu", ["bnt-swh"] = "Swahili", ["bnt-tek"] = "Teke", ["bnt-tet"] = "Tetela", ["bnt-tkc"] = "Central Teke", ["bnt-tkm"] = "Takama", ["bnt-tmb"] = "Teke-Mbede", ["bnt-tso"] = "Tsogo", ["bnt-tsr"] = "Tswa-Ronga", ["bnt-yak"] = "Yaka", ["bnt-yko"] = "Yasa-Kombe", ["bnt-zbi"] = "Zamba-Binza", ["btk"] = "Batak", ["cau-abz"] = "Abkhaz-Abaza", ["cau-and"] = "Andian", ["cau-ava"] = "Avaro-Andian", ["cau-cir"] = "Circassian", ["cau-drg"] = "Dargwa", ["cau-esm"] = "Eastern Samur", ["cau-ets"] = "East Tsezian", ["cau-lzg"] = "Lezghian", ["cau-nec"] = "คอเคเซียนตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ", ["cau-nkh"] = "นัค", ["cau-nwc"] = "คอเคเซียนตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือ", ["cau-sam"] = "Samur", ["cau-ssm"] = "Southern Samur", ["cau-tsz"] = "Tsezian", ["cau-vay"] = "ไวนัค", ["cau-wsm"] = "Western Samur", ["cau-wts"] = "West Tsezian", ["cba"] = "Chibchan", ["ccs"] = "คาร์ทเวเลียน", ["ccs-gzn"] = "จอร์เจียน-แซน", ["ccs-zan"] = "แซน", ["cdc"] = "ชาดิก", ["cdc-cbm"] = "ชาดิกตอนกลาง", ["cdc-est"] = "ชาดิกตะวันออก", ["cdc-mas"] = "Masa", ["cdc-wst"] = "ชาดิกตะวันตก", ["cdd"] = "Caddoan", ["cel"] = "เคลติก", ["cel-brs"] = "บริทอนิกตะวันตกเฉียงใต้", ["cel-brw"] = "บริทอนิกตะวันตก", ["cel-bry"] = "บริทอนิก", ["cel-gae"] = "Goidelic", ["cel-his"] = "Hispano-Celtic", ["cel-ins"] = "Insular Celtic", ["chi"] = "Chimakuan", ["chm"] = "Mari", ["cmc"] = "จามิก", ["crp"] = "ครีโอล-พิดจิน", ["csu"] = "Central Sudanic", ["csu-bba"] = "Bongo-Bagirmi", ["csu-bbk"] = "Bongo-Baka", ["csu-bgr"] = "Bagirmi", ["csu-bkr"] = "Birri-Kresh", ["csu-ecs"] = "Eastern Central Sudanic", ["csu-kab"] = "Kaba", ["csu-lnd"] = "Lendu", ["csu-maa"] = "Mangbetu", ["csu-mle"] = "Mangbutu-Lese", ["csu-mma"] = "Moru-Madi", ["csu-sar"] = "Sara", ["csu-val"] = "Vale", ["cus"] = "Cushitic", ["cus-cen"] = "Central Cushitic", ["cus-eas"] = "East Cushitic", ["cus-hec"] = "Highland East Cushitic", ["cus-som"] = "โซมาลอยด์", ["cus-sou"] = "South Cushitic", ["day"] = "Land Dayak", ["del"] = "Lenape", ["den"] = "Slavey", ["dmn"] = "Mande", ["dmn-bbu"] = "Bisa-Busa", ["dmn-emn"] = "East Manding", ["dmn-jje"] = "Jogo-Jeri", ["dmn-man"] = "Manding", ["dmn-mda"] = "Mano-Dan", ["dmn-mdc"] = "Central Mande", ["dmn-mde"] = "Eastern Mande", ["dmn-mdw"] = "Western Mande", ["dmn-mjo"] = "Manding-Jogo", ["dmn-mmo"] = "Manding-Mokole", ["dmn-mnk"] = "Maninka", ["dmn-mnw"] = "Northwestern Mande", ["dmn-mok"] = "Mokole", ["dmn-mse"] = "Southeastern Mande", ["dmn-msw"] = "Southwestern Mande", ["dmn-mva"] = "Manding-Vai", ["dmn-nbe"] = "Nwa-Beng", ["dmn-sam"] = "Samo", ["dmn-smg"] = "Samogo", ["dmn-snb"] = "Soninke-Bobo", ["dmn-sya"] = "Susu-Yalunka", ["dmn-vak"] = "Vai-Kono", ["dmn-wmn"] = "West Manding", ["dra"] = "ดราวิเดียน", ["dra-cen"] = "ดราวิเดียนตอนกลาง", ["dra-gki"] = "Gondi-Kui", ["dra-gon"] = "Gondi", ["dra-imd"] = "Irula-Muduga", ["dra-kan"] = "Kannadoid", ["dra-kki"] = "Konda-Kui", ["dra-kml"] = "Kurukh-Malto", ["dra-knk"] = "Kolami-Naiki", ["dra-kod"] = "Kodagu", ["dra-kor"] = "Koraga", ["dra-mal"] = "Malayalamoid", ["dra-mdy"] = "Madiya", ["dra-mlo"] = "Malto", ["dra-mur"] = "Muria", ["dra-nor"] = "ดราวิเดียนเหนือ", ["dra-pgd"] = "Parji-Gadaba", ["dra-sdo"] = "ดราวิเดียนใต้ที่หนึ่ง", ["dra-sdt"] = "ดราวิเดียนใต้ที่สอง", ["dra-sou"] = "ดราวิเดียนใต้", ["dra-tam"] = "Tamiloid", ["dra-tel"] = "Teluguic", ["dra-tkd"] = "Tamil-Kodagu", ["dra-tkn"] = "Tamil-Kannada", ["dra-tkt"] = "Toda-Kota", ["dra-tlk"] = "Tulu-Koraga", ["dra-tml"] = "Tamil-Malayalam", ["egx"] = "อิจิปเชียน", ["ero"] = "Horpa", ["esx"] = "Eskimo-Aleut", ["esx-esk"] = "เอสกิโม", ["esx-inu"] = "อินุอิต", ["euq"] = "วาสโกนิก", ["gba"] = "Gbaya", ["gba-eas"] = "Eastern Gbaya", ["gba-sou"] = "Southern Gbaya", ["gba-wes"] = "Western Gbaya", ["gem"] = "เจอร์แมนิก", ["gio"] = "Gelao", ["gme"] = "เจอร์แมนิกตะวันออก", ["gmq"] = "เจอร์แมนิกเหนือ", ["gmq-eas"] = "สแกนดิเนเวียนตะวันออก", ["gmq-ins"] = "Insular Scandinavian", ["gmq-wes"] = "สแกนดิเนเวียนตะวันตก", ["gmw"] = "เจอร์แมนิกตะวันตก", ["gmw-afr"] = "แองโกล-ฟรีเชียน", ["gmw-ang"] = "แองกลิก", ["gmw-fri"] = "ฟรีเชียน", ["gmw-frk"] = "Low Franconian", ["gmw-hgm"] = "ไฮเจอร์แมน", ["gmw-ian"] = "Irish Anglo-Norman", ["gmw-lgm"] = "โลว์เจอร์แมน", ["gmw-nsg"] = "North Sea Germanic", ["gn"] = "กัวรานี", ["grb"] = "Grebo proper", ["grk"] = "เฮลเลนิก", ["him"] = "Western Pahari", ["hmn"] = "ม้ง", ["hmx"] = "ม้ง-เมี่ยน", ["hmx-mie"] = "เมี่ยน", ["hok"] = "Hokan", ["hyx"] = "อาร์มีเนียน", ["iir"] = "อินโด-อิเรเนียน", ["iir-nur"] = "Nuristani", ["ijo"] = "Ijoid", ["inc"] = "อินโด-อารยัน", ["inc-bas"] = "Bengali-Assamese", ["inc-bhi"] = "Bhil", ["inc-bih"] = "Bihari", ["inc-cen"] = "อินโด-อารยันตอนกลาง", ["inc-chi"] = "Chitrali", ["inc-dar"] = "Dardic", ["inc-dng"] = "Dangari", ["inc-dre"] = "Eastern Dardic", ["inc-eas"] = "อินโด-อารยันตะวันออก", ["inc-hal"] = "Halbic", ["inc-hie"] = "ฮินดีตะวันออก", ["inc-hiw"] = "ฮินดีตะวันตก", ["inc-hnd"] = "ฮินดูสตานี", ["inc-ins"] = "Insular Indo-Aryan", ["inc-kas"] = "Kashmiric", ["inc-koh"] = "Kohistani", ["inc-krd"] = "KRDS languages", ["inc-kun"] = "Kunar", ["inc-mid"] = "อินโด-อารยันกลาง", ["inc-nor"] = "อินโด-อารยันเหนือ", ["inc-nwe"] = "อินโด-อารยันตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือ", ["inc-old"] = "อินโด-อารยันเก่า", ["inc-pah"] = "Pahari", ["inc-pan"] = "Punjabic", ["inc-pas"] = "Pashayi", ["inc-rom"] = "Romani", ["inc-shn"] = "Shinaic", ["inc-snd"] = "Sindhic", ["inc-sou"] = "อินโด-อารยันใต้", ["inc-tha"] = "Tharu", ["inc-wes"] = "อินโด-อารยันตะวันตก", ["ine"] = "อินโด-ยูโรเปียน", ["ine-ana"] = "อานาโตเลียน", ["ine-bsl"] = "บอลโต-สลาวิก", ["ine-luw"] = "Luwic", ["ine-toc"] = "โทแคเรียน", ["ira"] = "อิเรเนียน", ["ira-cen"] = "อิเรเนียนตอนกลาง", ["ira-csp"] = "แคสเปียน", ["ira-kms"] = "Komisenian", ["ira-mid"] = "อิเรเนียนกลาง", ["ira-mny"] = "Munji-Yidgha", ["ira-mpr"] = "Medo-Parthian", ["ira-msh"] = "Mazanderani-Shahmirzadi", ["ira-nei"] = "อิเรเนียนตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ", ["ira-nwi"] = "อิเรเนียนตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือ", ["ira-old"] = "อิเรเนียนเก่า", ["ira-orp"] = "Ormuri-Parachi", ["ira-pat"] = "ปาทาน", ["ira-sbc"] = "ซอกโด-แบกเตรียน", ["ira-sei"] = "อิเรเนียนตะวันออกเฉียงใต้", ["ira-sgc"] = "ซอกดิก", ["ira-sgi"] = "Sanglechi-Ishkashimi", ["ira-shr"] = "Shughni-Roshani", ["ira-shy"] = "Shughni-Yazghulami", ["ira-swi"] = "อิเรเนียนตะวันตกเฉียงใต้", ["ira-sym"] = "Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji", ["ira-wes"] = "อิเรเนียนตะวันตก", ["ira-zgr"] = "Zaza-Gorani", ["iro"] = "Iroquoian", ["iro-nor"] = "North Iroquoian", ["itc"] = "อิตาลิก", ["itc-laf"] = "Latino-Faliscan", ["itc-sbl"] = "Osco-Umbrian", ["jpx"] = "แจพอนิก", ["jpx-nry"] = "รีวกีวอันเหนือ", ["jpx-ryu"] = "รีวกีวอัน", ["jpx-sry"] = "รีวกีวอันใต้", ["kar"] = "กะเหรี่ยง", ["kca"] = "Khanty", ["khi-kal"] = "Kalahari Khoe", ["khi-khk"] = "Khoekhoe", ["khi-kho"] = "Khoe", ["khi-kkw"] = "Khoe-Kwadi", ["khi-kxa"] = "Kx\'a", ["khi-tuu"] = "Tuu", ["kro"] = "Kru", ["kro-aiz"] = "Aizi", ["kro-bet"] = "Bété", ["kro-did"] = "Dida", ["kro-ekr"] = "Eastern Kru", ["kro-grb"] = "Grebo", ["kro-wee"] = "Wee", ["kro-wkr"] = "Western Kru", ["ku"] = "เคอร์ดิช", ["kv"] = "Komi", ["map"] = "ออสโตรนีเซียน", ["map-ata"] = "Atayalic", ["mjg"] = "Monguor", ["mkh"] = "มอญ-เขมร", ["mkh-asl"] = "Aslian", ["mkh-ban"] = "Bahnaric", ["mkh-kat"] = "Katuic", ["mkh-khm"] = "ขมุอิก", ["mkh-kmr"] = "ขแมริก", ["mkh-mnc"] = "โมนิก", ["mkh-mng"] = "Mangic", ["mkh-nbn"] = "North Bahnaric", ["mkh-pal"] = "Palaungic", ["mkh-pea"] = "แพริก", ["mkh-pkn"] = "Pakanic", ["mkh-vie"] = "เวียตติก", ["mno"] = "มาโนโบ", ["mns"] = "Mansi", ["mun"] = "มุนดา", ["myn"] = "มายัน", ["nai-cat"] = "Catawban", ["nai-chu"] = "Chumashan", ["nai-ckn"] = "Chinookan", ["nai-coo"] = "Coosan", ["nai-jcq"] = "Jicaquean", ["nai-ker"] = "Keresan", ["nai-klp"] = "Kalapuyan", ["nai-kta"] = "Kiowa-Tanoan", ["nai-len"] = "Lencan", ["nai-mdu"] = "Maiduan", ["nai-min"] = "Misumalpan", ["nai-miz"] = "Mixe-Zoquean", ["nai-mus"] = "Muskogean", ["nai-pak"] = "Pakawan", ["nai-pal"] = "Palaihnihan", ["nai-plp"] = "Plateau Penutian", ["nai-pom"] = "Pomoan", ["nai-sca"] = "Siouan-Catawban", ["nai-shp"] = "Sahaptian", ["nai-shs"] = "Shastan", ["nai-tot"] = "Totozoquean", ["nai-tqn"] = "Tequistlatecan", ["nai-tsi"] = "Tsimshianic", ["nai-ttn"] = "Totonacan", ["nai-utn"] = "Utian", ["nai-wtq"] = "Wintuan", ["nai-xin"] = "Xincan", ["nai-ykn"] = "Yukian", ["nai-you"] = "Yok-Utian", ["nai-yuc"] = "Yuman-Cochimí", ["ngf"] = "Trans-New Guinea", ["ngf-ais"] = "Aisian", ["ngf-ang"] = "Angan", ["ngf-ask"] = "Asmat-Kamoro", ["ngf-bos"] = "Bosavi", ["ngf-chw"] = "Chimbu-Wahgi", ["ngf-dag"] = "Dagan", ["ngf-dan"] = "Dani", ["ngf-eku"] = "East Kutubuan", ["ngf-eng"] = "Engan", ["ngf-eso"] = "East Sogeram", ["ngf-est"] = "East Strickland", ["ngf-eva"] = "Evapia", ["ngf-fhu"] = "Finisterre-Huon", ["ngf-fin"] = "Finisterre", ["ngf-gaw"] = "Greater Awyu", ["ngf-gsu"] = "Gogodala-Suki", ["ngf-gum"] = "Gum", ["ngf-han"] = "Hanseman", ["ngf-huo"] = "Huon", ["ngf-kag"] = "Kainantu-Goroka", ["ngf-kak"] = "Kalam-Kobon", ["ngf-kau"] = "Kaukombar", ["ngf-koi"] = "Koiarian", ["ngf-kok"] = "Kokon", ["ngf-kow"] = "Kowan", ["ngf-ksa"] = "Kalam-Southern Adelbert", ["ngf-kum"] = "Kumil", ["ngf-mab"] = "Mabuso", ["ngf-mad"] = "มาดัง", ["ngf-mek"] = "Mek", ["ngf-min"] = "Mindjim", ["ngf-mom"] = "Mombum", ["ngf-nad"] = "Northern Adelbert", ["ngf-nso"] = "North Sogeram", ["ngf-num"] = "Numugen", ["ngf-nur"] = "Nuru", ["ngf-nwh"] = "Northwest Hanseman", ["ngf-okk"] = "Ok", ["ngf-omo"] = "Omosan", ["ngf-pan"] = "Paniai Lakes", ["ngf-pek"] = "Peka", ["ngf-pom"] = "Pomoikan", ["ngf-rai"] = "Rai Coast", ["ngf-sad"] = "Southern Adelbert", ["ngf-sbh"] = "เซาท์เบิร์ดส์เฮด", ["ngf-sog"] = "Sogeram", ["ngf-tib"] = "Tiboran", ["ngf-usi"] = "Utu-Silopi", ["ngf-wso"] = "West Sogeram", ["ngf-yag"] = "Yaganon", ["ngf-yar"] = "Yareban", ["nic"] = "ไนเจอร์-คองโก", ["nic-alu"] = "Alumic", ["nic-bas"] = "Basa", ["nic-bbe"] = "Eastern Beboid", ["nic-bco"] = "เบนูเอ-คองโก", ["nic-bcr"] = "Bantoid-Cross", ["nic-bdn"] = "แบนทอยด์เหนือ", ["nic-bds"] = "แบนทอยด์ใต้", ["nic-beb"] = "Beboid", ["nic-ben"] = "Bendi", ["nic-beo"] = "Beromic", ["nic-bod"] = "แบนทอยด์", ["nic-buk"] = "Buli-Koma", ["nic-bwa"] = "Bwa", ["nic-cde"] = "Central Delta", ["nic-cri"] = "Cross River", ["nic-dag"] = "Dagbani", ["nic-dak"] = "Dakoid", ["nic-dge"] = "Escarpment Dogon", ["nic-dgw"] = "West Dogon", ["nic-eko"] = "Ekoid", ["nic-eov"] = "Eastern Oti-Volta", ["nic-fru"] = "Furu", ["nic-gne"] = "Eastern Gurunsi", ["nic-gnn"] = "Northern Gurunsi", ["nic-gns"] = "Gurunsi", ["nic-gnw"] = "Western Gurunsi", ["nic-gre"] = "Eastern Grassfields", ["nic-grf"] = "Grassfields", ["nic-grm"] = "Gurma", ["nic-grs"] = "Southwest Grassfields", ["nic-gur"] = "กูร์", ["nic-ief"] = "Ibibio-Efik", ["nic-jer"] = "Jera", ["nic-jkn"] = "Jukunoid", ["nic-jrn"] = "Jarawan", ["nic-jrw"] = "Jarawa", ["nic-kam"] = "Kambari", ["nic-kau"] = "Kauru", ["nic-kmk"] = "Kamuku", ["nic-kne"] = "East Kainji", ["nic-knj"] = "Kainji", ["nic-knn"] = "Northwest Kainji", ["nic-ktl"] = "Katloid", ["nic-lcr"] = "Lower Cross River", ["nic-mam"] = "Mamfe", ["nic-mba"] = "Mbam", ["nic-mbc"] = "Mba", ["nic-mbw"] = "West Mbam", ["nic-mmb"] = "Mambiloid", ["nic-mom"] = "Momo", ["nic-mre"] = "Moré", ["nic-ngd"] = "Ngbandi", ["nic-nge"] = "Ngemba", ["nic-ngk"] = "Ngbaka", ["nic-nin"] = "Ninzic", ["nic-nka"] = "Nkambe", ["nic-nkb"] = "Baka", ["nic-nke"] = "Eastern Ngbaka", ["nic-nkg"] = "Gbanziri", ["nic-nkk"] = "Kpala", ["nic-nkm"] = "Mbaka", ["nic-nkw"] = "Western Ngbaka", ["nic-npd"] = "North Plateau Dogon", ["nic-nun"] = "Nun", ["nic-nwa"] = "Nanga-Walo", ["nic-ogo"] = "Ogoni", ["nic-ovo"] = "Oti-Volta", ["nic-pla"] = "Platoid", ["nic-plc"] = "Central Plateau", ["nic-pld"] = "Plains Dogon", ["nic-ple"] = "East Plateau", ["nic-pls"] = "South Plateau", ["nic-plt"] = "Plateau", ["nic-ras"] = "Rashad", ["nic-rnc"] = "Central Ring", ["nic-rng"] = "Ring", ["nic-rnn"] = "Northern Ring", ["nic-rnw"] = "Western Ring", ["nic-ser"] = "Sere", ["nic-shi"] = "Shiroro", ["nic-sis"] = "Sisaala", ["nic-tar"] = "Tarokoid", ["nic-tiv"] = "Tivoid", ["nic-tvc"] = "Central Tivoid", ["nic-tvn"] = "Northern Tivoid", ["nic-ubg"] = "Ubangian", ["nic-uce"] = "East-West Upper Cross River", ["nic-ucn"] = "North-South Upper Cross River", ["nic-ucr"] = "Upper Cross River", ["nic-vco"] = "วอลตา-คองโก", ["nic-wov"] = "Western Oti-Volta", ["nic-ykb"] = "Yukubenic", ["nic-ymb"] = "Yambasa", ["nic-yon"] = "Yom-Nawdm", ["nub"] = "นูเบียน", ["nub-hil"] = "Hill Nubian", ["nur-nor"] = "Northern Nuristani", ["nur-sou"] = "Southern Nuristani", ["omq"] = "Oto-Manguean", ["omq-cha"] = "Chatino", ["omq-chi"] = "Chinantecan", ["omq-cui"] = "Cuicatec", ["omq-maz"] = "Mazatecan", ["omq-mix"] = "Mixtecan", ["omq-mxt"] = "Mixtec", ["omq-otp"] = "Oto-Pamean", ["omq-pop"] = "Popolocan", ["omq-tri"] = "Triqui", ["omq-zap"] = "Zapotecan", ["omq-zpc"] = "Zapotec", ["omv"] = "Omotic", ["omv-aro"] = "Aroid", ["omv-diz"] = "Dizoid", ["omv-eom"] = "East Ometo", ["omv-gon"] = "Gonga", ["omv-mao"] = "Mao", ["omv-nom"] = "North Ometo", ["omv-ome"] = "Ometo", ["oto"] = "Otomian", ["oto-otm"] = "Otomi", ["paa"] = "ปาปวน", ["paa-amu"] = "Amto-Musan", ["paa-ani"] = "Anim", ["paa-arf"] = "Arafundi", ["paa-baw"] = "Bayono-Awbono", ["paa-bin"] = "Binanderean", ["paa-bng"] = "Baining", ["paa-brd"] = "Border", ["paa-bul"] = "Bulaka River", ["paa-dot"] = "Doso-Turumsa", ["paa-ebh"] = "East Bird\'s Head", ["paa-eel"] = "Eastern Eleman", ["paa-egb"] = "East Geelvink Bay", ["paa-eke"] = "East Keram", ["paa-ele"] = "Eleman", ["paa-etf"] = "Eastern Trans-Fly", ["paa-fas"] = "Fas", ["paa-gbi"] = "Greater Binanderean", ["paa-iwm"] = "Iwam", ["paa-kae"] = "Kamula-Elevala", ["paa-kay"] = "Kayagaric", ["paa-ker"] = "Keram", ["paa-kiw"] = "Kiwaian", ["paa-kko"] = "Kaure-Kosare", ["paa-kol"] = "Kolopom", ["paa-kun"] = "Kunimaipan", ["paa-kwa"] = "Kwalean", ["paa-kwm"] = "Kwomtari", ["paa-lem"] = "Left May", ["paa-lkp"] = "Lakes Plain", ["paa-lsp"] = "Lower Sepik", ["paa-mai"] = "Mairasi", ["paa-mal"] = "Mailuan", ["paa-man"] = "Manubaran", ["paa-mbi"] = "Mbaham-Iha", ["paa-mbr"] = "Maybratic", ["paa-msk"] = "Sko", ["paa-nbo"] = "North Bougainville", ["paa-ndu"] = "Ndu", ["paa-nha"] = "North Halmahera", ["paa-nim"] = "Nimboran", ["paa-pau"] = "Pauwasi", ["paa-pht"] = "Pahoturi River", ["paa-pia"] = "Piawi", ["paa-ram"] = "Ramu", ["paa-sbo"] = "South Bougainville", ["paa-sen"] = "Sentani", ["paa-sng"] = "Senagi", ["paa-spk"] = "Sepik", ["paa-tap"] = "Timor-Alor-Pantar", ["paa-teb"] = "Teberan", ["paa-tkw"] = "Tor-Kwerba", ["paa-tor"] = "Torricelli", ["paa-tuk"] = "Turama-Kikori", ["paa-wal"] = "Walio", ["paa-wbh"] = "West Bird\'s Head", ["paa-wel"] = "Western Eleman", ["paa-wke"] = "West Keram", ["paa-yam"] = "Yam", ["paa-yaw"] = "Yawa-Saweru", ["paa-yua"] = "Yuat", ["phi"] = "ฟิลิปปินส์", ["phi-kal"] = "คาลาเมียน", ["poz"] = "มาลาโย-พอลินีเชียน", ["poz-aay"] = "Admiralty Islands", ["poz-bnn"] = "บอร์เนียวเหนือ", ["poz-bre"] = "East Barito", ["poz-brw"] = "West Barito", ["poz-bss"] = "Bali-Sasak-Sumbawa", ["poz-btk"] = "Bungku-Tolaki", ["poz-cet"] = "มาลาโย-พอลินีเชียนตอนกลาง-ตะวันออก", ["poz-clb"] = "Celebic", ["poz-cln"] = "นิวแคลิโดเนียน", ["poz-cma"] = "Central Maluku", ["poz-hce"] = "Halmahera-Cenderawasih", ["poz-kal"] = "Kaili-Pamona", ["poz-lgx"] = "ลัมปุงกิก", ["poz-mcm"] = "มาลาโย-จามิก", ["poz-mic"] = "ไมโครนีเซียน", ["poz-mly"] = "มาเลย์อิก", ["poz-msa"] = "มาลาโย-ซุมบาวัน", ["poz-mun"] = "Muna-Buton", ["poz-nws"] = "Northwest Sumatran", ["poz-occ"] = "โอเชียนิกตอนกลาง-ตะวันออก", ["poz-oce"] = "โอเชียนิก", ["poz-ocs"] = "โอเชียนิกใต้", ["poz-ocw"] = "โอเชียนิกตะวันตก", ["poz-pcc"] = "แปซิฟิกตอนกลาง", ["poz-pep"] = "พอลินีเชียนตะวันออก", ["poz-pnp"] = "นิวเคลียร์พอลินีเชียน", ["poz-pol"] = "พอลินีเชียน", ["poz-san"] = "Sabahan", ["poz-sbj"] = "Sama-Bajaw", ["poz-slb"] = "Saluan-Banggai", ["poz-sls"] = "Southeast Solomonic", ["poz-ssw"] = "ซูลาเวซีใต้", ["poz-stm"] = "St. Matthias", ["poz-swa"] = "ซาราวักเหนือ", ["poz-tem"] = "Temotu", ["poz-tim"] = "Timoric", ["poz-ton"] = "Tongic", ["poz-tot"] = "Tomini-Tolitoli", ["poz-vnc"] = "Central Vanuatu", ["poz-vnn"] = "North Vanuatu", ["poz-vns"] = "South Vanuatu", ["poz-wot"] = "Wotu-Wolio", ["pqe"] = "มาลาโย-พอลินีเชียนตะวันออก", ["qfa-adc"] = "เกรตอันดามันนีสตอนกลาง", ["qfa-adm"] = "เกรตอันดามันนีส", ["qfa-adn"] = "เกรตอันดามันนีสเหนือ", ["qfa-ads"] = "เกรตอันดามันนีสใต้", ["qfa-ain"] = "Ainuic", ["qfa-bej"] = "Be-Jizhao", ["qfa-bet"] = "เบ-ไท", ["qfa-buy"] = "Buyang", ["qfa-cka"] = "Chukotko-Kamchatkan", ["qfa-ckn"] = "Chukotkan", ["qfa-cnt"] = "contact", ["qfa-cre"] = "ครีโอล", ["qfa-dgn"] = "Dogon", ["qfa-dis"] = "disputed affiliation", ["qfa-dny"] = "Dene-Yeniseian", ["qfa-hur"] = "Hurro-Urartian", ["qfa-iso"] = "โดดเดี่ยว", ["qfa-kad"] = "Kadu", ["qfa-kms"] = "Kam-Sui", ["qfa-kor"] = "โคเรียน", ["qfa-kra"] = "ขร้า", ["qfa-lic"] = "ไลอิก", ["qfa-mch"] = "Macro-Chibchan", ["qfa-mix"] = "ผสม", ["qfa-not"] = "ไม่ใช่กลุ่มภาษา", ["qfa-onb"] = "เบ", ["qfa-ong"] = "Ongan", ["qfa-pid"] = "พิดจิน", ["qfa-sub"] = "substrate", ["qfa-tak"] = "ขร้า-ไท", ["qfa-tyn"] = "Tyrsenian", ["qfa-unc"] = "unclassifiable", ["qfa-xgs"] = "Serbi-Mongolic", ["qfa-xgx"] = "Para-Mongolic", ["qfa-yen"] = "Yeniseian", ["qfa-yke"] = "Ketic", ["qfa-yko"] = "Kottic", ["qfa-ypm"] = "Pumpokolic", ["qfa-yrn"] = "Arinic", ["qfa-yuk"] = "Yukaghir", ["qwe"] = "เกชวน", ["raj"] = "ราชสถาน", ["roa"] = "โรมานซ์", ["roa-asl"] = "Asturleonese", ["roa-cas"] = "Castilian", ["roa-dal"] = "Dalmatian Romance", ["roa-eas"] = "โรมานซ์ตะวันออก", ["roa-emr"] = "Emilian-Romagnol", ["roa-gap"] = "Galician-Portuguese", ["roa-gar"] = "Gallo-Romance", ["roa-git"] = "แกลโล-อิตาลิก", ["roa-grh"] = "Gallo-Rhaetian", ["roa-ibe"] = "Ibero-Romance", ["roa-itd"] = "อิตาโล-แดลเมเชียน", ["roa-itr"] = "Italo-Romance", ["roa-iwr"] = "Italo-Western Romance", ["roa-nar"] = "Navarro-Aragonese", ["roa-ocr"] = "Occitano-Romance", ["roa-oil"] = "อออีล", ["roa-rhe"] = "Rhaeto-Romance", ["roa-sou"] = "Southern Romance", ["roa-wes"] = "Western Romance", ["sai-ara"] = "Araucanian", ["sai-aym"] = "Aymaran", ["sai-bar"] = "Barbacoan", ["sai-bor"] = "Boran", ["sai-cah"] = "Cahuapanan", ["sai-car"] = "Cariban", ["sai-cer"] = "Cerrado", ["sai-chc"] = "Chocoan", ["sai-cho"] = "Chonan", ["sai-cje"] = "Central Jê", ["sai-cpc"] = "Chapacuran", ["sai-crn"] = "Charruan", ["sai-ctc"] = "Catacaoan", ["sai-guc"] = "Guaicuruan", ["sai-guh"] = "Guahiban", ["sai-gui"] = "Guianan", ["sai-har"] = "Harákmbut", ["sai-hkt"] = "Harákmbut-Katukinan", ["sai-hrp"] = "Huarpean", ["sai-jee"] = "Jê", ["sai-jir"] = "Jirajaran", ["sai-jiv"] = "Jivaroan", ["sai-ktk"] = "Katukinan", ["sai-kui"] = "Kuikuroan", ["sai-map"] = "Mapoyan", ["sai-mas"] = "Mascoian", ["sai-mgc"] = "Mataco-Guaicuru", ["sai-mje"] = "Macro-Jê", ["sai-mtc"] = "Matacoan", ["sai-mur"] = "Muran", ["sai-nad"] = "Nadahup", ["sai-nje"] = "Northern Jê", ["sai-nmk"] = "Nambikwaran", ["sai-otm"] = "Otomacoan", ["sai-pan"] = "Panoan", ["sai-pat"] = "Pano-Tacanan", ["sai-pek"] = "Pekodian", ["sai-pem"] = "Pemongan", ["sai-pey"] = "Peba-Yaguan", ["sai-prk"] = "Parukotoan", ["sai-sje"] = "Southern Jê", ["sai-tac"] = "Tacanan", ["sai-tar"] = "Taranoan", ["sai-tuc"] = "Tucanoan", ["sai-tyu"] = "Ticuna-Yuri", ["sai-ucp"] = "Uru-Chipaya", ["sai-ven"] = "Venezuelan Cariban", ["sai-wic"] = "Wichí", ["sai-wit"] = "Witotoan", ["sai-ynm"] = "Yanomami", ["sai-yuk"] = "Yukpan", ["sai-zam"] = "Zamucoan", ["sai-zap"] = "Zaparoan", ["sal"] = "Salish", ["sdv"] = "Eastern Sudanic", ["sdv-bri"] = "Bari", ["sdv-daj"] = "Daju", ["sdv-dnu"] = "Dinka-Nuer", ["sdv-eje"] = "Eastern Jebel", ["sdv-kln"] = "Kalenjin", ["sdv-lma"] = "Lotuko-Maa", ["sdv-lon"] = "Northern Luo", ["sdv-los"] = "Southern Luo", ["sdv-luo"] = "Luo", ["sdv-nes"] = "Northern Eastern Sudanic", ["sdv-nie"] = "Eastern Nilotic", ["sdv-nil"] = "Nilotic", ["sdv-nis"] = "Southern Nilotic", ["sdv-niw"] = "Western Nilotic", ["sdv-nma"] = "Nandi-Markweta", ["sdv-nyi"] = "Nyima", ["sdv-tmn"] = "Taman", ["sdv-ttu"] = "Teso-Turkana", ["sel"] = "Selkup", ["sem"] = "เซมิติก", ["sem-ara"] = "แอราเมอิก", ["sem-arb"] = "อารบิก", ["sem-are"] = "แอราเมอิกตะวันออก", ["sem-arw"] = "แอราเมอิกตะวันตก", ["sem-ase"] = "แอราเมอิกตะวันออกเฉียงใต้", ["sem-can"] = "Canaanite", ["sem-cen"] = "เซมิติกตอนกลาง", ["sem-cna"] = "Central Neo-Aramaic", ["sem-eas"] = "เซมิติกตะวันออก", ["sem-eth"] = "Ethiopian Semitic", ["sem-nna"] = "Northeastern Neo-Aramaic", ["sem-nwe"] = "เซมิติกตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือ", ["sem-osa"] = "Old South Arabian", ["sem-sar"] = "Modern South Arabian", ["sem-wes"] = "เซมิติกตะวันตก", ["sgn"] = "มือ", ["sgn-fsl"] = "French Sign Languages", ["sgn-gsl"] = "German Sign Languages", ["sgn-jsl"] = "Japanese Sign Languages", ["sio"] = "Siouan", ["sio-dhe"] = "Dhegihan", ["sio-dkt"] = "Dakotan", ["sio-mor"] = "Missouri River Siouan", ["sio-msv"] = "Mississippi Valley Siouan", ["sio-ohv"] = "Ohio Valley Siouan", ["sit"] = "ซิโน-ทิเบตัน", ["sit-aao"] = "Central Naga", ["sit-alm"] = "Almora", ["sit-bai"] = "ไป๋", ["sit-bdi"] = "Bodish", ["sit-cln"] = "Cai-Long", ["sit-dhi"] = "Dhimalish", ["sit-ebo"] = "East Bodish", ["sit-egy"] = "East rGyalrongic", ["sit-ers"] = "Ersuic", ["sit-gma"] = "Greater Magaric", ["sit-gsi"] = "Greater Siangic", ["sit-hrs"] = "Hrusish", ["sit-jnp"] = "Jingphoic", ["sit-jpl"] = "กะชีน-ลูอิก", ["sit-kch"] = "Konyak-Chang", ["sit-kha"] = "Kham", ["sit-khb"] = "Kho-Bwa", ["sit-khc"] = "Chug-Lish", ["sit-khm"] = "Mey-Sartang", ["sit-khw"] = "Western Kho-Bwa", ["sit-kic"] = "Central Kiranti", ["sit-kie"] = "Eastern Kiranti", ["sit-kin"] = "Kinnauric", ["sit-kir"] = "Kiranti", ["sit-kiw"] = "Western Kiranti", ["sit-kon"] = "Konyak", ["sit-kyk"] = "Kyirong-Kagate", ["sit-lab"] = "Ladakhi-Balti", ["sit-las"] = "Lahuli-Spiti", ["sit-luu"] = "ลูอิช", ["sit-mar"] = "Maringic", ["sit-mba"] = "แมโคร-ไป๋", ["sit-mdz"] = "Midzu", ["sit-mnz"] = "Mondzish", ["sit-mru"] = "Mruic", ["sit-nas"] = "Naish", ["sit-nax"] = "Naic", ["sit-nba"] = "ไป๋เหนือ", ["sit-new"] = "Newaric", ["sit-nng"] = "Nungish", ["sit-qia"] = "Qiangic", ["sit-rgy"] = "Rgyalrongic", ["sit-sba"] = "ซิโน-ไป๋", ["sit-tam"] = "Tamangic", ["sit-tan"] = "Tani", ["sit-tib"] = "Tibetic", ["sit-tja"] = "Tujia", ["sit-tma"] = "Tangkhul-Maring", ["sit-tng"] = "Tangkhulic", ["sit-tno"] = "Tangsa-Nocte", ["sit-tsk"] = "Tshangla", ["sit-wgy"] = "West rGyalrongic", ["sit-whm"] = "West Himalayish", ["sit-zem"] = "Zeme", ["sla"] = "สลาวิก", ["smi"] = "ซามิก", ["son"] = "Songhay", ["sqj"] = "แอลเบเนียน", ["ssa"] = "Nilo-Saharan", ["ssa-fur"] = "Fur", ["ssa-klk"] = "Kuliak", ["ssa-kom"] = "Koman", ["ssa-sah"] = "Saharan", ["syd"] = "Samoyedic", ["syd-ene"] = "Enets", ["tai"] = "ไท", ["tai-cen"] = "ไทตอนกลาง", ["tai-cho"] = "ไทฉงจั่ว", ["tai-nor"] = "ไทเหนือ", ["tai-sap"] = "ซาปา-ไทตะวันตกเฉียงใต้", ["tai-swe"] = "ไทตะวันตกเฉียงใต้", ["tai-tay"] = "ตั่ย", ["tai-wen"] = "เหวินหม่า-ไทตะวันตกเฉียงใต้", ["tbq"] = "ทิเบโต-เบอร์มัน", ["tbq-anp"] = "Angami-Pochuri", ["tbq-axi"] = "Axioid", ["tbq-bdg"] = "โบโด-กาโร", ["tbq-bis"] = "บีซอยด์", ["tbq-bka"] = "Bi-Ka", ["tbq-bkj"] = "ซัล", ["tbq-brm"] = "เบอร์มิช", ["tbq-buq"] = "เบอร์โม-เชียงอิก", ["tbq-drp"] = "Downriver Phula", ["tbq-han"] = "Hanoid", ["tbq-hph"] = "Highland Phula", ["tbq-jin"] = "Jino", ["tbq-kuk"] = "Kuki-Chin", ["tbq-kzh"] = "Kazhuoish", ["tbq-lal"] = "Lalo", ["tbq-lho"] = "Lahoish", ["tbq-llo"] = "Lipo-Lolopo", ["tbq-lob"] = "โลโล-เบอร์มีซ", ["tbq-lol"] = "โลโลอิช", ["tbq-lso"] = "Lisoish", ["tbq-lwo"] = "Lawoish", ["tbq-muj"] = "Muji", ["tbq-nas"] = "Nasoid", ["tbq-nis"] = "Nisu", ["tbq-nlo"] = "โลโลอิชเหนือ", ["tbq-nso"] = "Nisoish", ["tbq-nus"] = "Nusoish", ["tbq-phw"] = "Phowa", ["tbq-rph"] = "Riverine Phula", ["tbq-sel"] = "โลโลอิชตะวันออกเฉียงใต้", ["tbq-sil"] = "Siloid", ["tbq-slo"] = "โลโลอิชใต้", ["tbq-tal"] = "Taloid", ["tbq-urp"] = "Upriver Phula", ["trk"] = "เตอร์กิก", ["trk-cmn"] = "Common Turkic", ["trk-kar"] = "การ์ลุก", ["trk-kbu"] = "คิปชาก-โบลการ์", ["trk-kcu"] = "คิปชาก-คูมาน", ["trk-kip"] = "คิปชาก", ["trk-kkp"] = "คีร์กีซ-คิปชาก", ["trk-kno"] = "คิปชาก-โนกาย", ["trk-nsb"] = "ไซบีเรียนเตอร์กิกเหนือ", ["trk-ogr"] = "โอคูร์", ["trk-ogz"] = "โอคุซ", ["trk-sib"] = "ไซบีเรียนเตอร์กิก", ["trk-ssb"] = "ไซบีเรียนเตอร์กิกใต้", ["tup"] = "ตูเปียน", ["tup-gua"] = "ตูปี-กัวรานี", ["tuw"] = "Tungusic", ["tuw-ewe"] = "Ewenic", ["tuw-jrc"] = "จูร์เชนิก", ["tuw-nan"] = "Nanaic", ["tuw-udg"] = "Udegheic", ["urj"] = "ยูราลิก", ["urj-fin"] = "ฟินนิก", ["urj-mdv"] = "Mordvinic", ["urj-prm"] = "เปอร์มิก", ["urj-ugr"] = "ยูกริก", ["wak"] = "Wakashan", ["wen"] = "ซอร์เบียน", ["xgn"] = "มองโกลิก", ["xgn-cen"] = "มองโกลิกตอนกลาง", ["xgn-shr"] = "Shirongolic", ["xgn-sou"] = "มองโกลิกใต้", ["xme"] = "Median", ["xme-ttc"] = "Tatic", ["xnd"] = "Na-Dene", ["xsc"] = "Scythian", ["xsc-sak"] = "Saka", ["xsc-sar"] = "Sarmatian", ["xsc-skw"] = "Saka-Wakhi", ["yok"] = "Yokuts", ["ypk"] = "Yupik", ["yrk"] = "Nenets", ["zhx"] = "ซินิติก", ["zhx-com"] = "หมิ่นชายฝั่ง", ["zhx-inm"] = "Inland Min", ["zhx-man"] = "แมนดารินิก", ["zhx-min"] = "หมิ่น", ["zhx-nan"] = "หมิ่นใต้", ["zhx-pin"] = "Pinghua", ["zhx-yue"] = "Yue", ["zle"] = "สลาวิกตะวันออก", ["zls"] = "สลาวิกใต้", ["zlw"] = "สลาวิกตะวันตก", ["zlw-lch"] = "เลคิติก", ["zlw-pom"] = "Pomeranian", ["znd"] = "Zande", } j5dhqezwc1y687hksmrjum87pnfym2k มอดูล:families/canonical names 828 324688 5753693 5726527 2026-08-02T02:00:38Z OctraBot 3198 5753693 Scribunto text/plain return { ["Abenaki-Penobscot"] = "alg-abp", ["Abkhaz-Abaza"] = "cau-abz", ["Adamawa"] = "alv-ada", ["Admiralty Islands"] = "poz-aay", ["Ainuic"] = "qfa-ain", ["Aisian"] = "ngf-ais", ["Aizi"] = "kro-aiz", ["Alacalufan"] = "aqa", ["Almora"] = "sit-alm", ["Alumic"] = "nic-alu", ["Amto-Musan"] = "paa-amu", ["Andian"] = "cau-and", ["Angami-Pochuri"] = "tbq-anp", ["Angan"] = "ngf-ang", ["Anim"] = "paa-ani", ["Apachean"] = "apa", ["Arafundi"] = "paa-arf", ["Arandic"] = "aus-rnd", ["Arapahoan"] = "alg-ara", ["Arauan"] = "auf", ["Araucanian"] = "sai-ara", ["Arawakan"] = "awd", ["Arinic"] = "qfa-yrn", ["Arnhem"] = "aus-arn", ["Aroid"] = "omv-aro", ["Aslian"] = "mkh-asl", ["Asmat-Kamoro"] = "ngf-ask", ["Asturleonese"] = "roa-asl", ["Atayalic"] = "map-ata", ["Athabaskan"] = "ath", ["Avaro-Andian"] = "cau-ava", ["Axioid"] = "tbq-axi", ["Ayere-Ahan"] = "alv-aah", ["Aymaran"] = "sai-aym", ["Bafia"] = "bnt-baf", ["Bafo-Bonkeng"] = "bnt-bbo", ["Baga"] = "alv-bag", ["Bagirmi"] = "csu-bgr", ["Bahnaric"] = "mkh-ban", ["Baining"] = "paa-bng", ["Bak"] = "alv-bak", ["Baka"] = "nic-nkb", ["Bali-Sasak-Sumbawa"] = "poz-bss", ["Bambukic"] = "alv-bam", ["Bamileke"] = "bai", ["Banda"] = "bad", ["Bangi-Moi"] = "bnt-bmo", ["Bangi-Ntomba"] = "bnt-bnm", ["Bangi-Tetela"] = "bnt-bte", ["Bantoid-Cross"] = "nic-bcr", ["Banyum"] = "alv-bny", ["Barbacoan"] = "sai-bar", ["Bari"] = "sdv-bri", ["Basa"] = "nic-bas", ["Basaa"] = "bnt-bsa", ["Batak"] = "btk", ["Bati-Angba"] = "bnt-bta", ["Bayono-Awbono"] = "paa-baw", ["Be-Jizhao"] = "qfa-bej", ["Beboid"] = "nic-beb", ["Bekwilic"] = "bnt-bek", ["Bena-Kinga"] = "bnt-bki", ["Bendi"] = "nic-ben", ["Bengali-Assamese"] = "inc-bas", ["Beromic"] = "nic-beo", ["Beti"] = "bnt-btb", ["Bhil"] = "inc-bhi", ["Bi-Ka"] = "tbq-bka", ["Bihari"] = "inc-bih", ["Bikwin-Jen"] = "alv-bwj", ["Binanderean"] = "paa-bin", ["Birri-Kresh"] = "csu-bkr", ["Bisa-Busa"] = "dmn-bbu", ["Boan"] = "bnt-boa", ["Bodish"] = "sit-bdi", ["Boma-Dzing"] = "bnt-bdz", ["Bongo-Bagirmi"] = "csu-bba", ["Bongo-Baka"] = "csu-bbk", ["Boran"] = "sai-bor", ["Border"] = "paa-brd", ["Bosavi"] = "ngf-bos", ["Botatwe"] = "bnt-bot", ["Bua"] = "alv-bua", ["Buja-Ngombe"] = "bnt-bun", ["Bulaka River"] = "paa-bul", ["Buli-Koma"] = "nic-buk", ["Bungku-Tolaki"] = "poz-btk", ["Bunuban"] = "aus-bub", ["Bushoong"] = "bnt-bsh", ["Buyang"] = "qfa-buy", ["Bwa"] = "nic-bwa", ["Bété"] = "kro-bet", ["Caddoan"] = "cdd", ["Cahuapanan"] = "sai-cah", ["Cai-Long"] = "sit-cln", ["Canaanite"] = "sem-can", ["Cangin"] = "alv-cng", ["Cariban"] = "sai-car", ["Castilian"] = "roa-cas", ["Catacaoan"] = "sai-ctc", ["Catawban"] = "nai-cat", ["Celebic"] = "poz-clb", ["Central Banda"] = "bad-cnt", ["Central Cushitic"] = "cus-cen", ["Central Delta"] = "nic-cde", ["Central Jê"] = "sai-cje", ["Central Kiranti"] = "sit-kic", ["Central Maluku"] = "poz-cma", ["Central Mande"] = "dmn-mdc", ["Central Naga"] = "sit-aao", ["Central Neo-Aramaic"] = "sem-cna", ["Central New South Wales"] = "aus-cww", ["Central Plateau"] = "nic-plc", ["Central Ring"] = "nic-rnc", ["Central Sudanic"] = "csu", ["Central Tano"] = "alv-ctn", ["Central Teke"] = "bnt-tkc", ["Central Tivoid"] = "nic-tvc", ["Central Vanuatu"] = "poz-vnc", ["Cerrado"] = "sai-cer", ["Chaga"] = "bnt-chg", ["Chaga-Taita"] = "bnt-cht", ["Chapacuran"] = "sai-cpc", ["Charruan"] = "sai-crn", ["Chatino"] = "omq-cha", ["Chibchan"] = "cba", ["Chimakuan"] = "chi", ["Chimbu-Wahgi"] = "ngf-chw", ["Chinantecan"] = "omq-chi", ["Chinookan"] = "nai-ckn", ["Chitrali"] = "inc-chi", ["Chocoan"] = "sai-chc", ["Chokwe-Luchazi"] = "bnt-clu", ["Chonan"] = "sai-cho", ["Chug-Lish"] = "sit-khc", ["Chukotkan"] = "qfa-ckn", ["Chukotko-Kamchatkan"] = "qfa-cka", ["Chumashan"] = "nai-chu", ["Circassian"] = "cau-cir", ["Common Turkic"] = "trk-cmn", ["Comorian"] = "bnt-com", ["Coosan"] = "nai-coo", ["Cross River"] = "nic-cri", ["Cuicatec"] = "omq-cui", ["Cupan"] = "azc-cup", ["Cushitic"] = "cus", ["Dagan"] = "ngf-dag", ["Dagbani"] = "nic-dag", ["Daju"] = "sdv-daj", ["Dakoid"] = "nic-dak", ["Dakotan"] = "sio-dkt", ["Dalmatian Romance"] = "roa-dal", ["Daly"] = "aus-dal", ["Dangari"] = "inc-dng", ["Dani"] = "ngf-dan", ["Dardic"] = "inc-dar", ["Dargwa"] = "cau-drg", ["Delta Edoid"] = "alv-dlt", ["Dene-Yeniseian"] = "qfa-dny", ["Dhegihan"] = "sio-dhe", ["Dhimalish"] = "sit-dhi", ["Dida"] = "kro-did", ["Dinka-Nuer"] = "sdv-dnu", ["Dizoid"] = "omv-diz", ["Dogon"] = "qfa-dgn", ["Doso-Turumsa"] = "paa-dot", ["Downriver Phula"] = "tbq-drp", ["Durango Nahuatl"] = "azc-dur", ["Duru"] = "alv-dur", ["Dyirbalic"] = "aus-dyb", ["East Barito"] = "poz-bre", ["East Bird\'s Head"] = "paa-ebh", ["East Bodish"] = "sit-ebo", ["East Cushitic"] = "cus-eas", ["East Geelvink Bay"] = "paa-egb", ["East Kainji"] = "nic-kne", ["East Keram"] = "paa-eke", ["East Kutubuan"] = "ngf-eku", ["East Manding"] = "dmn-emn", ["East Ometo"] = "omv-eom", ["East Plateau"] = "nic-ple", ["East Sogeram"] = "ngf-eso", ["East Strickland"] = "ngf-est", ["East Tsezian"] = "cau-ets", ["East rGyalrongic"] = "sit-egy", ["East-West Upper Cross River"] = "nic-uce", ["Eastern Algonquian"] = "alg-eas", ["Eastern Beboid"] = "nic-bbe", ["Eastern Central Sudanic"] = "csu-ecs", ["Eastern Dardic"] = "inc-dre", ["Eastern Eleman"] = "paa-eel", ["Eastern Gbaya"] = "gba-eas", ["Eastern Grassfields"] = "nic-gre", ["Eastern Gurunsi"] = "nic-gne", ["Eastern Jebel"] = "sdv-eje", ["Eastern Kiranti"] = "sit-kie", ["Eastern Kru"] = "kro-ekr", ["Eastern Mande"] = "dmn-mde", ["Eastern Ngbaka"] = "nic-nke", ["Eastern Nilotic"] = "sdv-nie", ["Eastern Oti-Volta"] = "nic-eov", ["Eastern Samur"] = "cau-esm", ["Eastern Sudanic"] = "sdv", ["Eastern Trans-Fly"] = "paa-etf", ["Ede"] = "alv-ede", ["Edekiri"] = "alv-edk", ["Edo-Esan-Ora"] = "alv-eeo", ["Edoid"] = "alv-edo", ["Ekoid"] = "nic-eko", ["Eleman"] = "paa-ele", ["Emilian-Romagnol"] = "roa-emr", ["Enets"] = "syd-ene", ["Engan"] = "ngf-eng", ["Ersuic"] = "sit-ers", ["Escarpment Dogon"] = "nic-dge", ["Eskimo-Aleut"] = "esx", ["Ethiopian Semitic"] = "sem-eth", ["Evapia"] = "ngf-eva", ["Ewenic"] = "tuw-ewe", ["Fali"] = "alv-fli", ["Fas"] = "paa-fas", ["Finisterre"] = "ngf-fin", ["Finisterre-Huon"] = "ngf-fhu", ["French Sign Languages"] = "sgn-fsl", ["Fur"] = "ssa-fur", ["Furu"] = "nic-fru", ["Ga-Dangme"] = "alv-gda", ["Galician-Portuguese"] = "roa-gap", ["Gallo-Rhaetian"] = "roa-grh", ["Gallo-Romance"] = "roa-gar", ["Garawan"] = "aus-gar", ["Gbanziri"] = "nic-nkg", ["Gbaya"] = "gba", ["Gelao"] = "gio", ["German Sign Languages"] = "sgn-gsl", ["Ghana-Togo Mountain"] = "alv-gtm", ["Gogodala-Suki"] = "ngf-gsu", ["Goidelic"] = "cel-gae", ["Gondi"] = "dra-gon", ["Gondi-Kui"] = "dra-gki", ["Gonga"] = "omv-gon", ["Grassfields"] = "nic-grf", ["Great Lakes Bantu"] = "bnt-glb", ["Greater Awyu"] = "ngf-gaw", ["Greater Binanderean"] = "paa-gbi", ["Greater Magaric"] = "sit-gma", ["Greater Siangic"] = "sit-gsi", ["Grebo"] = "kro-grb", ["Grebo proper"] = "grb", ["Guahiban"] = "sai-guh", ["Guaicuruan"] = "sai-guc", ["Guang"] = "alv-gng", ["Guianan"] = "sai-gui", ["Gum"] = "ngf-gum", ["Gunwinyguan"] = "aus-gun", ["Gurma"] = "nic-grm", ["Gurunsi"] = "nic-gns", ["Halbic"] = "inc-hal", ["Halmahera-Cenderawasih"] = "poz-hce", ["Hanoid"] = "tbq-han", ["Hanseman"] = "ngf-han", ["Harákmbut"] = "sai-har", ["Harákmbut-Katukinan"] = "sai-hkt", ["Haya-Jita"] = "bnt-haj", ["Heiban"] = "alv-hei", ["Highland East Cushitic"] = "cus-hec", ["Highland Phula"] = "tbq-hph", ["Hill Nubian"] = "nub-hil", ["Hispano-Celtic"] = "cel-his", ["Hokan"] = "hok", ["Horpa"] = "ero", ["Hrusish"] = "sit-hrs", ["Huarpean"] = "sai-hrp", ["Huasteca Nahuatl"] = "azc-hua", ["Huon"] = "ngf-huo", ["Hurro-Urartian"] = "qfa-hur", ["Ibero-Romance"] = "roa-ibe", ["Ibibio-Efik"] = "nic-ief", ["Idomoid"] = "alv-ido", ["Igboid"] = "alv-igb", ["Ijoid"] = "ijo", ["Inland Min"] = "zhx-inm", ["Insular Celtic"] = "cel-ins", ["Insular Indo-Aryan"] = "inc-ins", ["Insular Scandinavian"] = "gmq-ins", ["Irish Anglo-Norman"] = "gmw-ian", ["Iroquoian"] = "iro", ["Irula-Muduga"] = "dra-imd", ["Italo-Romance"] = "roa-itr", ["Italo-Western Romance"] = "roa-iwr", ["Iwaidjan"] = "aus-wdj", ["Iwam"] = "paa-iwm", ["Japanese Sign Languages"] = "sgn-jsl", ["Jarawa"] = "nic-jrw", ["Jarawan"] = "nic-jrn", ["Jarrakan"] = "aus-jar", ["Jera"] = "nic-jer", ["Jicaquean"] = "nai-jcq", ["Jingphoic"] = "sit-jnp", ["Jino"] = "tbq-jin", ["Jirajaran"] = "sai-jir", ["Jivaroan"] = "sai-jiv", ["Jogo-Jeri"] = "dmn-jje", ["Jola"] = "alv-jol", ["Jola-Felupe"] = "alv-jfe", ["Jukunoid"] = "nic-jkn", ["Jê"] = "sai-jee", ["KRDS languages"] = "inc-krd", ["Ka-Togo"] = "alv-ktg", ["Kaba"] = "csu-kab", ["Kadu"] = "qfa-kad", ["Kaili-Pamona"] = "poz-kal", ["Kainantu-Goroka"] = "ngf-kag", ["Kainji"] = "nic-knj", ["Kako"] = "bnt-kak", ["Kalahari Khoe"] = "khi-kal", ["Kalam-Kobon"] = "ngf-kak", ["Kalam-Southern Adelbert"] = "ngf-ksa", ["Kalapuyan"] = "nai-klp", ["Kalenjin"] = "sdv-kln", ["Kam-Sui"] = "qfa-kms", ["Kambari"] = "nic-kam", ["Kamuku"] = "nic-kmk", ["Kamula-Elevala"] = "paa-kae", ["Kannadoid"] = "dra-kan", ["Karaboro"] = "alv-krb", ["Karnic"] = "aus-kar", ["Kashmiric"] = "inc-kas", ["Katloid"] = "nic-ktl", ["Katuic"] = "mkh-kat", ["Katukinan"] = "sai-ktk", ["Kaukombar"] = "ngf-kau", ["Kaure-Kosare"] = "paa-kko", ["Kauru"] = "nic-kau", ["Kavango"] = "bnt-kav", ["Kavango-Southwest Bantu"] = "bnt-ksb", ["Kayagaric"] = "paa-kay", ["Kazhuoish"] = "tbq-kzh", ["Kele"] = "bnt-kel", ["Kele-Tsogo"] = "bnt-kts", ["Keram"] = "paa-ker", ["Keresan"] = "nai-ker", ["Ketic"] = "qfa-yke", ["Kham"] = "sit-kha", ["Khanty"] = "kca", ["Kho-Bwa"] = "sit-khb", ["Khoe"] = "khi-kho", ["Khoe-Kwadi"] = "khi-kkw", ["Khoekhoe"] = "khi-khk", ["Kikuyu-Kamba"] = "bnt-kka", ["Kilombero"] = "bnt-kil", ["Kim"] = "alv-kim", ["Kimbundu"] = "bnt-kmb", ["Kinnauric"] = "sit-kin", ["Kiowa-Tanoan"] = "nai-kta", ["Kiranti"] = "sit-kir", ["Kissi"] = "alv-kis", ["Kiwaian"] = "paa-kiw", ["Kodagu"] = "dra-kod", ["Kohistani"] = "inc-koh", ["Koiarian"] = "ngf-koi", ["Kokon"] = "ngf-kok", ["Kolami-Naiki"] = "dra-knk", ["Kolopom"] = "paa-kol", ["Koman"] = "ssa-kom", ["Komi"] = "kv", ["Komisenian"] = "ira-kms", ["Komo-Bira"] = "bnt-kbi", ["Konda-Kui"] = "dra-kki", ["Kongo"] = "bnt-kng", ["Konyak"] = "sit-kon", ["Konyak-Chang"] = "sit-kch", ["Koraga"] = "dra-kor", ["Kottic"] = "qfa-yko", ["Kowan"] = "ngf-kow", ["Kpala"] = "nic-nkk", ["Kpwe"] = "bnt-kpw", ["Kru"] = "kro", ["Kuikuroan"] = "sai-kui", ["Kuki-Chin"] = "tbq-kuk", ["Kulango"] = "alv-kul", ["Kuliak"] = "ssa-klk", ["Kumil"] = "ngf-kum", ["Kunar"] = "inc-kun", ["Kunimaipan"] = "paa-kun", ["Kurukh-Malto"] = "dra-kml", ["Kwa"] = "alv-kwa", ["Kwalean"] = "paa-kwa", ["Kwomtari"] = "paa-kwm", ["Kx\'a"] = "khi-kxa", ["Kyirong-Kagate"] = "sit-kyk", ["Ladakhi-Balti"] = "sit-lab", ["Lagoon"] = "alv-lag", ["Lahoish"] = "tbq-lho", ["Lahuli-Spiti"] = "sit-las", ["Lakes Plain"] = "paa-lkp", ["Lalo"] = "tbq-lal", ["Land Dayak"] = "day", ["Latino-Faliscan"] = "itc-laf", ["Lawoish"] = "tbq-lwo", ["Lebonya"] = "bnt-leb", ["Left May"] = "paa-lem", ["Lega-Binja"] = "bnt-lgb", ["Leko"] = "alv-lek", ["Leko-Nimbari"] = "alv-lni", ["Lenape"] = "del", ["Lencan"] = "nai-len", ["Lendu"] = "csu-lnd", ["Lezghian"] = "cau-lzg", ["Limba"] = "alv-lim", ["Lipo-Lolopo"] = "tbq-llo", ["Lisoish"] = "tbq-lso", ["Logooli-Kuria"] = "bnt-lok", ["Lotuko-Maa"] = "sdv-lma", ["Low Franconian"] = "gmw-frk", ["Lower Cross River"] = "nic-lcr", ["Lower Sepik"] = "paa-lsp", ["Luba"] = "bnt-lub", ["Luban"] = "bnt-lbn", ["Lunda"] = "bnt-lun", ["Luo"] = "sdv-luo", ["Luwic"] = "ine-luw", ["Mabuso"] = "ngf-mab", ["Macro-Chibchan"] = "qfa-mch", ["Macro-Jê"] = "sai-mje", ["Madiya"] = "dra-mdy", ["Maiduan"] = "nai-mdu", ["Mailuan"] = "paa-mal", ["Mairasi"] = "paa-mai", ["Makaa"] = "bnt-mka", ["Makaa-Njem"] = "bnt-mnj", ["Makua"] = "bnt-mak", ["Malayalamoid"] = "dra-mal", ["Malto"] = "dra-mlo", ["Mambiloid"] = "nic-mmb", ["Mamfe"] = "nic-mam", ["Mande"] = "dmn", ["Manding"] = "dmn-man", ["Manding-Jogo"] = "dmn-mjo", ["Manding-Mokole"] = "dmn-mmo", ["Manding-Vai"] = "dmn-mva", ["Manenguba"] = "bnt-mne", ["Mangbetu"] = "csu-maa", ["Mangbutu-Lese"] = "csu-mle", ["Mangic"] = "mkh-mng", ["Maninka"] = "dmn-mnk", ["Mano-Dan"] = "dmn-mda", ["Mansi"] = "mns", ["Manubaran"] = "paa-man", ["Mao"] = "omv-mao", ["Mapoyan"] = "sai-map", ["Mari"] = "chm", ["Maringic"] = "sit-mar", ["Masa"] = "cdc-mas", ["Masaba-Luhya"] = "bnt-msl", ["Mascoian"] = "sai-mas", ["Mataco-Guaicuru"] = "sai-mgc", ["Matacoan"] = "sai-mtc", ["Maybratic"] = "paa-mbr", ["Mazanderani-Shahmirzadi"] = "ira-msh", ["Mazatecan"] = "omq-maz", ["Mba"] = "nic-mbc", ["Mbaham-Iha"] = "paa-mbi", ["Mbaka"] = "nic-nkm", ["Mbam"] = "nic-mba", ["Mbete"] = "bnt-mbt", ["Mbeya"] = "bnt-mby", ["Mbinga"] = "bnt-mbi", ["Mbole-Enya"] = "bnt-mbe", ["Mboshi"] = "bnt-mbo", ["Mboshi-Buja"] = "bnt-mbb", ["Mbugwe-Rangi"] = "bnt-mra", ["Mbum"] = "alv-mbm", ["Mbum-Day"] = "alv-mbd", ["Median"] = "xme", ["Medo-Parthian"] = "ira-mpr", ["Mek"] = "ngf-mek", ["Mel"] = "alv-mel", ["Mey-Sartang"] = "sit-khm", ["อิเรเนียนกลาง"] = "ira-mid", ["Midzu"] = "sit-mdz", ["Mijikenda"] = "bnt-mij", ["Mindjim"] = "ngf-min", ["Mirndi"] = "aus-mir", ["Mississippi Valley Siouan"] = "sio-msv", ["Missouri River Siouan"] = "sio-mor", ["Misumalpan"] = "nai-min", ["Mixe-Zoquean"] = "nai-miz", ["Mixtec"] = "omq-mxt", ["Mixtecan"] = "omq-mix", ["Modern South Arabian"] = "sem-sar", ["Mokole"] = "dmn-mok", ["Mombum"] = "ngf-mom", ["Momo"] = "nic-mom", ["Mondzish"] = "sit-mnz", ["Mongo"] = "bnt-mon", ["Monguor"] = "mjg", ["Mordvinic"] = "urj-mdv", ["Moru-Madi"] = "csu-mma", ["Moré"] = "nic-mre", ["Mruic"] = "sit-mru", ["Muji"] = "tbq-muj", ["Mumuye"] = "alv-mum", ["Mumuye-Yendang"] = "alv-mye", ["Muna-Buton"] = "poz-mun", ["Munji-Yidgha"] = "ira-mny", ["Muran"] = "sai-mur", ["Muria"] = "dra-mur", ["Muskogean"] = "nai-mus", ["Mwika"] = "bnt-mwi", ["Na-Dene"] = "xnd", ["Na-Togo"] = "alv-ntg", ["Nadahup"] = "sai-nad", ["Naic"] = "sit-nax", ["Naish"] = "sit-nas", ["Nalu"] = "alv-nal", ["Nambikwaran"] = "sai-nmk", ["Nanaic"] = "tuw-nan", ["Nandi-Markweta"] = "sdv-nma", ["Nanga-Walo"] = "nic-nwa", ["Nasoid"] = "tbq-nas", ["Navarro-Aragonese"] = "roa-nar", ["Nawiki"] = "awd-nwk", ["Ndu"] = "paa-ndu", ["Ndzem-Bomwali"] = "bnt-ndb", ["Nenets"] = "yrk", ["Newaric"] = "sit-new", ["Ngayarda"] = "aus-nga", ["Ngbaka"] = "nic-ngk", ["Ngbandi"] = "nic-ngd", ["Ngemba"] = "nic-nge", ["Ngondi-Ngiri"] = "bnt-ngn", ["Nilo-Saharan"] = "ssa", ["Nilotic"] = "sdv-nil", ["Nimboran"] = "paa-nim", ["Ninzic"] = "nic-nin", ["Nisoish"] = "tbq-nso", ["Nisu"] = "tbq-nis", ["Nkambe"] = "nic-nka", ["North Athabaskan"] = "ath-nor", ["North Bahnaric"] = "mkh-nbn", ["North Bougainville"] = "paa-nbo", ["North Halmahera"] = "paa-nha", ["North Iroquoian"] = "iro-nor", ["North Ometo"] = "omv-nom", ["North Plateau Dogon"] = "nic-npd", ["North Sea Germanic"] = "gmw-nsg", ["North Sogeram"] = "ngf-nso", ["North Vanuatu"] = "poz-vnn", ["North-Central Edoid"] = "alv-nce", ["North-South Upper Cross River"] = "nic-ucn", ["Northeast Bantu"] = "bnt-bne", ["Northeast Coast Bantu"] = "bnt-ncb", ["Northeastern Neo-Aramaic"] = "sem-nna", ["Northern Adelbert"] = "ngf-nad", ["Northern Eastern Sudanic"] = "sdv-nes", ["Northern Gurunsi"] = "nic-gnn", ["Northern Jê"] = "sai-nje", ["Northern Luo"] = "sdv-lon", ["Northern Nuristani"] = "nur-nor", ["Northern Ring"] = "nic-rnn", ["Northern Tivoid"] = "nic-tvn", ["Northwest Hanseman"] = "ngf-nwh", ["Northwest Kainji"] = "nic-knn", ["Northwest Sumatran"] = "poz-nws", ["Northwestern Edoid"] = "alv-nwd", ["Northwestern Mande"] = "dmn-mnw", ["Numic"] = "azc-num", ["Numugen"] = "ngf-num", ["Nun"] = "nic-nun", ["Nungish"] = "sit-nng", ["Nupe-Gbagyi"] = "alv-ngb", ["Nupoid"] = "alv-nup", ["Nuristani"] = "iir-nur", ["Nuru"] = "ngf-nur", ["Nusoish"] = "tbq-nus", ["Nwa-Beng"] = "dmn-nbe", ["Nyali"] = "bnt-nya", ["Nyanga-Buyi"] = "bnt-nyb", ["Nyima"] = "sdv-nyi", ["Nyoro-Ganda"] = "bnt-nyg", ["Nyulnyulan"] = "aus-nyu", ["Nyun"] = "alv-nyn", ["Nzebi"] = "bnt-nze", ["Occitano-Romance"] = "roa-ocr", ["Ogoni"] = "nic-ogo", ["Ohio Valley Siouan"] = "sio-ohv", ["Ok"] = "ngf-okk", ["อิเรเนียนเก่า"] = "ira-old", ["Old South Arabian"] = "sem-osa", ["Ometo"] = "omv-ome", ["Omosan"] = "ngf-omo", ["Omotic"] = "omv", ["Ongan"] = "qfa-ong", ["Ormuri-Parachi"] = "ira-orp", ["Osco-Umbrian"] = "itc-sbl", ["Oti-Volta"] = "nic-ovo", ["Oto-Manguean"] = "omq", ["Oto-Pamean"] = "omq-otp", ["Otomacoan"] = "sai-otm", ["Otomi"] = "oto-otm", ["Otomian"] = "oto", ["Ovambo"] = "bnt-ova", ["Pacific Coast Athabaskan"] = "ath-pco", ["Pahari"] = "inc-pah", ["Pahoturi River"] = "paa-pht", ["Pakanic"] = "mkh-pkn", ["Pakawan"] = "nai-pak", ["Palaihnihan"] = "nai-pal", ["Palaungic"] = "mkh-pal", ["ปามา-ญูงัน"] = "aus-pam", ["Paman"] = "aus-pmn", ["Paniai Lakes"] = "ngf-pan", ["Pano-Tacanan"] = "sai-pat", ["Panoan"] = "sai-pan", ["Papel"] = "alv-pap", ["Para-Mongolic"] = "qfa-xgx", ["Pare"] = "bnt-par", ["Parji-Gadaba"] = "dra-pgd", ["Parukotoan"] = "sai-prk", ["Pashayi"] = "inc-pas", ["Pauwasi"] = "paa-pau", ["แพริก"] = "mkh-pea", ["Peba-Yaguan"] = "sai-pey", ["Peka"] = "ngf-pek", ["Pekodian"] = "sai-pek", ["Pemongan"] = "sai-pem", ["Pende"] = "bnt-pen", ["Phla-Pherá"] = "alv-pph", ["Phowa"] = "tbq-phw", ["Piawi"] = "paa-pia", ["Piman"] = "azc-pim", ["Pinghua"] = "zhx-pin", ["Plains Dogon"] = "nic-pld", ["Plateau"] = "nic-plt", ["Plateau Penutian"] = "nai-plp", ["Platoid"] = "nic-pla", ["Pomeranian"] = "zlw-pom", ["Pomo-Bomwali"] = "bnt-pob", ["Pomoan"] = "nai-pom", ["Pomoikan"] = "ngf-pom", ["Popolocan"] = "omq-pop", ["Potou-Tano"] = "alv-ptn", ["Pumpokolic"] = "qfa-ypm", ["Punjabic"] = "inc-pan", ["Qiangic"] = "sit-qia", ["Rai Coast"] = "ngf-rai", ["Ramu"] = "paa-ram", ["Rashad"] = "nic-ras", ["Rgyalrongic"] = "sit-rgy", ["Rhaeto-Romance"] = "roa-rhe", ["Ring"] = "nic-rng", ["Riverine Phula"] = "tbq-rph", ["Romani"] = "inc-rom", ["Rufiji-Ruvuma"] = "bnt-rur", ["Rukwa"] = "bnt-ruk", ["Rungwe"] = "bnt-run", ["Ruvu"] = "bnt-ruv", ["Ruvuma"] = "bnt-rvm", ["Sabahan"] = "poz-san", ["Sabaki"] = "bnt-sab", ["Sabi"] = "bnt-sbi", ["Sac-Fox-Kickapoo"] = "alg-sfk", ["Sahaptian"] = "nai-shp", ["Saharan"] = "ssa-sah", ["Saka"] = "xsc-sak", ["Saka-Wakhi"] = "xsc-skw", ["Salish"] = "sal", ["Saluan-Banggai"] = "poz-slb", ["Sama-Bajaw"] = "poz-sbj", ["Samo"] = "dmn-sam", ["Samogo"] = "dmn-smg", ["Samoyedic"] = "syd", ["Samur"] = "cau-sam", ["Sanglechi-Ishkashimi"] = "ira-sgi", ["Sara"] = "csu-sar", ["Sarmatian"] = "xsc-sar", ["Savanna"] = "alv-sav", ["Sawabantu"] = "bnt-saw", ["Scythian"] = "xsc", ["Selkup"] = "sel", ["Sena"] = "bnt-sna", ["Senagi"] = "paa-sng", ["Senari"] = "alv-snr", ["Sentani"] = "paa-sen", ["Senufo"] = "alv-snf", ["Sepik"] = "paa-spk", ["Serbi-Mongolic"] = "qfa-xgs", ["Sere"] = "nic-ser", ["Seuta"] = "bnt-seu", ["Shastan"] = "nai-shs", ["Shi-Havu"] = "bnt-shh", ["Shinaic"] = "inc-shn", ["Shirongolic"] = "xgn-shr", ["Shiroro"] = "nic-shi", ["Shona"] = "bnt-sho", ["Shughni-Roshani"] = "ira-shr", ["Shughni-Yazghulami"] = "ira-shy", ["Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji"] = "ira-sym", ["Siloid"] = "tbq-sil", ["Sindhic"] = "inc-snd", ["Siouan"] = "sio", ["Siouan-Catawban"] = "nai-sca", ["Sira"] = "bnt-sir", ["Sisaala"] = "nic-sis", ["Sko"] = "paa-msk", ["Slavey"] = "den", ["Sogeram"] = "ngf-sog", ["Soko-Kele"] = "bnt-ske", ["Songhay"] = "son", ["Soninke-Bobo"] = "dmn-snb", ["Sotho-Tswana"] = "bnt-sts", ["เซาท์เบิร์ดส์เฮด"] = "ngf-sbh", ["South Bougainville"] = "paa-sbo", ["South Cushitic"] = "cus-sou", ["South Plateau"] = "nic-pls", ["South Vanuatu"] = "poz-vns", ["Southeast Solomonic"] = "poz-sls", ["Southeastern Mande"] = "dmn-mse", ["Southern Adelbert"] = "ngf-sad", ["Southern Bantu"] = "bnt-bso", ["Southern Gbaya"] = "gba-sou", ["Southern Jê"] = "sai-sje", ["Southern Luo"] = "sdv-los", ["Southern Nilotic"] = "sdv-nis", ["Southern Nuristani"] = "nur-sou", ["Southern Romance"] = "roa-sou", ["Southern Samur"] = "cau-ssm", ["Southwest Bantu"] = "bnt-swb", ["Southwest Grassfields"] = "nic-grs", ["Southwest Pama-Nyungan"] = "aus-psw", ["Southwestern Edoid"] = "alv-swd", ["Southwestern Mande"] = "dmn-msw", ["St. Matthias"] = "poz-stm", ["Suppire-Mamara"] = "alv-sma", ["Susu-Yalunka"] = "dmn-sya", ["Swahili"] = "bnt-swh", ["Ta-Arawak"] = "awd-taa", ["Tacanan"] = "sai-tac", ["Tagwana-Djimini"] = "alv-tdj", ["Takama"] = "bnt-tkm", ["Takic"] = "azc-tak", ["Talodi"] = "alv-tal", ["Talodi-Heiban"] = "alv-the", ["Taloid"] = "tbq-tal", ["Taman"] = "sdv-tmn", ["Tamangic"] = "sit-tam", ["Tamil-Kannada"] = "dra-tkn", ["Tamil-Kodagu"] = "dra-tkd", ["Tamil-Malayalam"] = "dra-tml", ["Tamiloid"] = "dra-tam", ["Tangkhul-Maring"] = "sit-tma", ["Tangkhulic"] = "sit-tng", ["Tangkic"] = "aus-tnk", ["Tangsa-Nocte"] = "sit-tno", ["Tani"] = "sit-tan", ["Taracahitic"] = "azc-trc", ["Taranoan"] = "sai-tar", ["Tarokoid"] = "nic-tar", ["Tatic"] = "xme-ttc", ["Teberan"] = "paa-teb", ["Teke"] = "bnt-tek", ["Teke-Mbede"] = "bnt-tmb", ["Teluguic"] = "dra-tel", ["Temotu"] = "poz-tem", ["Tenda"] = "alv-ten", ["Tequistlatecan"] = "nai-tqn", ["Teso-Turkana"] = "sdv-ttu", ["Tetela"] = "bnt-tet", ["Tharu"] = "inc-tha", ["Tibetic"] = "sit-tib", ["Tiboran"] = "ngf-tib", ["Ticuna-Yuri"] = "sai-tyu", ["Timor-Alor-Pantar"] = "paa-tap", ["Timoric"] = "poz-tim", ["Tivoid"] = "nic-tiv", ["Toda-Kota"] = "dra-tkt", ["Tomini-Tolitoli"] = "poz-tot", ["Tongic"] = "poz-ton", ["Tor-Kwerba"] = "paa-tkw", ["Torricelli"] = "paa-tor", ["Totonacan"] = "nai-ttn", ["Totozoquean"] = "nai-tot", ["Trans-New Guinea"] = "ngf", ["Triqui"] = "omq-tri", ["Tsezian"] = "cau-tsz", ["Tshangla"] = "sit-tsk", ["Tsimshianic"] = "nai-tsi", ["Tsogo"] = "bnt-tso", ["Tswa-Ronga"] = "bnt-tsr", ["Tucanoan"] = "sai-tuc", ["Tujia"] = "sit-tja", ["Tulu-Koraga"] = "dra-tlk", ["Tungusic"] = "tuw", ["Turama-Kikori"] = "paa-tuk", ["Tuu"] = "khi-tuu", ["Tyrsenian"] = "qfa-tyn", ["Ubangian"] = "nic-ubg", ["Udegheic"] = "tuw-udg", ["Upper Cross River"] = "nic-ucr", ["Upriver Phula"] = "tbq-urp", ["Uru-Chipaya"] = "sai-ucp", ["Utian"] = "nai-utn", ["Utu-Silopi"] = "ngf-usi", ["Vai-Kono"] = "dmn-vak", ["Vale"] = "csu-val", ["Venezuelan Cariban"] = "sai-ven", ["Waja-Kam"] = "alv-wjk", ["Wakashan"] = "wak", ["Walio"] = "paa-wal", ["Wara-Natyoro"] = "alv-wan", ["Wee"] = "kro-wee", ["West Barito"] = "poz-brw", ["West Bird\'s Head"] = "paa-wbh", ["West Dogon"] = "nic-dgw", ["West Himalayish"] = "sit-whm", ["West Keram"] = "paa-wke", ["West Manding"] = "dmn-wmn", ["West Mbam"] = "nic-mbw", ["West Sogeram"] = "ngf-wso", ["West Tsezian"] = "cau-wts", ["West rGyalrongic"] = "sit-wgy", ["Western Eleman"] = "paa-wel", ["Western Gbaya"] = "gba-wes", ["Western Gurunsi"] = "nic-gnw", ["Western Kho-Bwa"] = "sit-khw", ["Western Kiranti"] = "sit-kiw", ["Western Kru"] = "kro-wkr", ["Western Mande"] = "dmn-mdw", ["Western Ngbaka"] = "nic-nkw", ["Western Nilotic"] = "sdv-niw", ["Western Oti-Volta"] = "nic-wov", ["Western Pahari"] = "him", ["Western Ring"] = "nic-rnw", ["Western Romance"] = "roa-wes", ["Western Samur"] = "cau-wsm", ["Wichí"] = "sai-wic", ["Wintuan"] = "nai-wtq", ["Witotoan"] = "sai-wit", ["Worrorran"] = "aus-wor", ["Wotu-Wolio"] = "poz-wot", ["Xincan"] = "nai-xin", ["Yaganon"] = "ngf-yag", ["Yaka"] = "bnt-yak", ["Yam"] = "paa-yam", ["Yambasa"] = "nic-ymb", ["Yangmanic"] = "aus-yng", ["Yanomami"] = "sai-ynm", ["Yareban"] = "ngf-yar", ["Yasa-Kombe"] = "bnt-yko", ["Yawa-Saweru"] = "paa-yaw", ["Yekhee"] = "alv-yek", ["Yeniseian"] = "qfa-yen", ["Yidinyic"] = "aus-yid", ["Yok-Utian"] = "nai-you", ["Yokuts"] = "yok", ["Yolngu"] = "aus-yol", ["Yom-Nawdm"] = "nic-yon", ["Yoruba"] = "alv-yor", ["Yoruboid"] = "alv-yrd", ["Yuat"] = "paa-yua", ["Yue"] = "zhx-yue", ["Yuin-Kuric"] = "aus-yuk", ["Yukaghir"] = "qfa-yuk", ["Yukian"] = "nai-ykn", ["Yukpan"] = "sai-yuk", ["Yukubenic"] = "nic-ykb", ["Yuman-Cochimí"] = "nai-yuc", ["Yungur"] = "alv-yun", ["Yupik"] = "ypk", ["Zamba-Binza"] = "bnt-zbi", ["Zamucoan"] = "sai-zam", ["Zande"] = "znd", ["Zaparoan"] = "sai-zap", ["Zapotec"] = "omq-zpc", ["Zapotecan"] = "omq-zap", ["Zaza-Gorani"] = "ira-zgr", ["Zeme"] = "sit-zem", ["contact"] = "qfa-cnt", ["disputed affiliation"] = "qfa-dis", ["substrate"] = "qfa-sub", ["unclassifiable"] = "qfa-unc", ["กเบ"] = "alv-gbe", ["กะชีน-ลูอิก"] = "sit-jpl", ["กะเหรี่ยง"] = "kar", ["กัวรานี"] = "gn", ["การ์ลุก"] = "trk-kar", ["กูร์"] = "nic-gur", ["เกชวน"] = "qwe", ["เกรตอันดามันนีส"] = "qfa-adm", ["เกรตอันดามันนีสตอนกลาง"] = "qfa-adc", ["เกรตอันดามันนีสใต้"] = "qfa-ads", ["เกรตอันดามันนีสเหนือ"] = "qfa-adn", ["แกลโล-อิตาลิก"] = "roa-git", ["ขมุอิก"] = "mkh-khm", ["ขแมริก"] = "mkh-kmr", ["ขร้า"] = "qfa-kra", ["ขร้า-ไท"] = "qfa-tak", ["ครีโอล"] = "qfa-cre", ["ครีโอล-พิดจิน"] = "crp", ["คอเคเซียนตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือ"] = "cau-nwc", ["คอเคเซียนตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ"] = "cau-nec", ["คาเซียน"] = "aav-khs", ["คาร์ทเวเลียน"] = "ccs", ["คาลาเมียน"] = "phi-kal", ["คิปชาก"] = "trk-kip", ["คิปชาก-คูมาน"] = "trk-kcu", ["คิปชาก-โนกาย"] = "trk-kno", ["คิปชาก-โบลการ์"] = "trk-kbu", ["คีร์กีซ-คิปชาก"] = "trk-kkp", ["เคลติก"] = "cel", ["เคอร์ดิช"] = "ku", ["แคสเปียน"] = "ira-csp", ["โคเรียน"] = "qfa-kor", ["งูนี"] = "bnt-ngu", ["จอร์เจียน-แซน"] = "ccs-gzn", ["จามิก"] = "cmc", ["จูร์เชนิก"] = "tuw-jrc", ["เจอร์แมนิก"] = "gem", ["เจอร์แมนิกตะวันตก"] = "gmw", ["เจอร์แมนิกตะวันออก"] = "gme", ["เจอร์แมนิกเหนือ"] = "gmq", ["แจพอนิก"] = "jpx", ["ชาดิก"] = "cdc", ["ชาดิกตอนกลาง"] = "cdc-cbm", ["ชาดิกตะวันตก"] = "cdc-wst", ["ชาดิกตะวันออก"] = "cdc-est", ["ซอกดิก"] = "ira-sgc", ["ซอกโด-แบกเตรียน"] = "ira-sbc", ["ซอร์เบียน"] = "wen", ["ซัล"] = "tbq-bkj", ["ซาปา-ไทตะวันตกเฉียงใต้"] = "tai-sap", ["ซามิก"] = "smi", ["ซาราวักเหนือ"] = "poz-swa", ["ซินิติก"] = "zhx", ["ซีโน-ทิเบตัน"] = "sit", ["ซีโน-ไป๋"] = "sit-sba", ["ซูลาเวซีใต้"] = "poz-ssw", ["เซเนแกมเบียน"] = "alv-sng", ["เซมิติก"] = "sem", ["เซมิติกตอนกลาง"] = "sem-cen", ["เซมิติกตะวันตก"] = "sem-wes", ["เซมิติกตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือ"] = "sem-nwe", ["เซมิติกตะวันออก"] = "sem-eas", ["แซน"] = "ccs-zan", ["โซมาลอยด์"] = "cus-som", ["ไซบีเรียนเตอร์กิก"] = "trk-sib", ["ไซบีเรียนเตอร์กิกใต้"] = "trk-ssb", ["ไซบีเรียนเตอร์กิกเหนือ"] = "trk-nsb", ["ดราวิเดียน"] = "dra", ["ดราวิเดียนตอนกลาง"] = "dra-cen", ["ดราวิเดียนใต้"] = "dra-sou", ["ดราวิเดียนใต้ที่สอง"] = "dra-sdt", ["ดราวิเดียนใต้ที่หนึ่ง"] = "dra-sdo", ["ดราวิเดียนเหนือ"] = "dra-nor", ["โดดเดี่ยว"] = "qfa-iso", ["ตั่ย"] = "tai-tay", ["ตูปี-กัวรานี"] = "tup-gua", ["ตูเปียน"] = "tup", ["เตอร์กิก"] = "trk", ["ทิเบโต-เบอร์มัน"] = "tbq", ["โทแคเรียน"] = "ine-toc", ["ไท"] = "tai", ["ไทฉงจั่ว"] = "tai-cho", ["ไทตอนกลาง"] = "tai-cen", ["ไทตะวันตกเฉียงใต้"] = "tai-swe", ["ไทเหนือ"] = "tai-nor", ["นยาซา"] = "bnt-nys", ["นัค"] = "cau-nkh", ["นาวัน"] = "azc-nah", ["นิโคบารีส"] = "aav-nic", ["นิวเคลียร์พอลินีเชียน"] = "poz-pnp", ["นิวแคลิโดเนียน"] = "poz-cln", ["นูเบียน"] = "nub", ["ไนเจอร์-คองโก"] = "nic", ["บริทอนิก"] = "cel-bry", ["บริทอนิกตะวันตก"] = "cel-brw", ["บริทอนิกตะวันตกเฉียงใต้"] = "cel-brs", ["บอร์เนียวเหนือ"] = "poz-bnn", ["บอลติก"] = "bat", ["บอลติกตะวันตก"] = "bat-wes", ["บอลติกตะวันออก"] = "bat-eas", ["บอลโต-สลาวิก"] = "ine-bsl", ["บีซอยด์"] = "tbq-bis", ["เบ"] = "qfa-onb", ["เบ-ไท"] = "qfa-bet", ["เบนูเอ-คองโก"] = "nic-bco", ["เบอร์เบอร์"] = "ber", ["เบอร์มิช"] = "tbq-brm", ["เบอร์โม-เชียงอิก"] = "tbq-buq", ["แบนทอยด์"] = "nic-bod", ["แบนทอยด์ใต้"] = "nic-bds", ["แบนทอยด์เหนือ"] = "nic-bdn", ["แบนทู"] = "bnt", ["โบโด-กาโร"] = "tbq-bdg", ["ปนัร-คาซี-ลึงงัม"] = "aav-pkl", ["ประดิษฐ์"] = "art", ["ปาทาน"] = "ira-pat", ["ปาปวน"] = "paa", ["เปอร์มิก"] = "urj-prm", ["แปซิฟิกตอนกลาง"] = "poz-pcc", ["ไป๋"] = "sit-bai", ["ไป๋เหนือ"] = "sit-nba", ["ผสม"] = "qfa-mix", ["พอลินีเชียน"] = "poz-pol", ["พอลินีเชียนตะวันออก"] = "poz-pep", ["พิดจิน"] = "qfa-pid", ["ฟรีเชียน"] = "gmw-fri", ["ฟินนิก"] = "urj-fin", ["ฟิลิปปินส์"] = "phi", ["ฟูลา-โวลอฟ"] = "alv-fwo", ["มองโกลิก"] = "xgn", ["มองโกลิกตอนกลาง"] = "xgn-cen", ["มองโกลิกใต้"] = "xgn-sou", ["มอญ-เขมร"] = "mkh", ["มาดัง"] = "ngf-mad", ["มาโนโบ"] = "mno", ["มายัน"] = "myn", ["มาลาโย-จามิก"] = "poz-mcm", ["มาลาโย-ซุมบาวัน"] = "poz-msa", ["มาลาโย-พอลินีเชียน"] = "poz", ["มาลาโย-พอลินีเชียนตอนกลาง-ตะวันออก"] = "poz-cet", ["มาลาโย-พอลินีเชียนตะวันออก"] = "pqe", ["มาเลย์อิก"] = "poz-mly", ["มือ"] = "sgn", ["มุนดา"] = "mun", ["เมี่ยน"] = "hmx-mie", ["แมโคร-ไป๋"] = "sit-mba", ["แมนดารินิก"] = "zhx-man", ["โมนิก"] = "mkh-mnc", ["ไมโครนีเซียน"] = "poz-mic", ["ไม่ใช่กลุ่มภาษา"] = "qfa-not", ["ม้ง"] = "hmn", ["ม้ง-เมี่ยน"] = "hmx", ["ยูกริก"] = "urj-ugr", ["ยูโต-แอซเทกัน"] = "azc", ["ยูราลิก"] = "urj", ["ราชสถาน"] = "raj", ["รีวกีวอัน"] = "jpx-ryu", ["รีวกีวอันใต้"] = "jpx-sry", ["รีวกีวอันเหนือ"] = "jpx-nry", ["โรมานซ์"] = "roa", ["โรมานซ์ตะวันออก"] = "roa-eas", ["ลัมปุงกิก"] = "poz-lgx", ["ลูอิช"] = "sit-luu", ["เลคิติก"] = "zlw-lch", ["โลโล-เบอร์มีซ"] = "tbq-lob", ["โลโลอิช"] = "tbq-lol", ["โลโลอิชตะวันออกเฉียงใต้"] = "tbq-sel", ["โลโลอิชใต้"] = "tbq-slo", ["โลโลอิชเหนือ"] = "tbq-nlo", ["โลว์เจอร์แมน"] = "gmw-lgm", ["ไลอิก"] = "qfa-lic", ["วอลตา-คองโก"] = "nic-vco", ["วอลตา-ไนเจอร์"] = "alv-von", ["วาสโกนิก"] = "euq", ["เวียตติก"] = "mkh-vie", ["ไวนัค"] = "cau-vay", ["สแกนดิเนเวียนตะวันตก"] = "gmq-wes", ["สแกนดิเนเวียนตะวันออก"] = "gmq-eas", ["สลาวิก"] = "sla", ["สลาวิกตะวันตก"] = "zlw", ["สลาวิกตะวันออก"] = "zle", ["สลาวิกใต้"] = "zls", ["หมิ่น"] = "zhx-min", ["หมิ่นชายฝั่ง"] = "zhx-com", ["หมิ่นใต้"] = "zhx-nan", ["เหวินหม่า-ไทตะวันตกเฉียงใต้"] = "tai-wen", ["ออสโตรนีเซียน"] = "map", ["ออสโตรเอเชียติก"] = "aav", ["อออีล"] = "roa-oil", ["อานาโตเลียน"] = "ine-ana", ["อารบิก"] = "sem-arb", ["อาร์มีเนียน"] = "hyx", ["อิจิปเชียน"] = "egx", ["อิตาลิก"] = "itc", ["อิตาโล-แดลเมเชียน"] = "roa-itd", ["อินโด-ยูโรเปียน"] = "ine", ["อินโด-อารยัน"] = "inc", ["อินโด-อารยันกลาง"] = "inc-mid", ["อินโด-อารยันเก่า"] = "inc-old", ["อินโด-อารยันตอนกลาง"] = "inc-cen", ["อินโด-อารยันตะวันตก"] = "inc-wes", ["อินโด-อารยันตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือ"] = "inc-nwe", ["อินโด-อารยันตะวันออก"] = "inc-eas", ["อินโด-อารยันใต้"] = "inc-sou", ["อินโด-อารยันเหนือ"] = "inc-nor", ["อินโด-อิเรเนียน"] = "iir", ["อินุอิต"] = "esx-inu", ["อิเรเนียน"] = "ira", ["อิเรเนียนกลาง"] = "ira-mid", ["อิเรเนียนเก่า"] = "ira-old", ["อิเรเนียนตอนกลาง"] = "ira-cen", ["อิเรเนียนตะวันตก"] = "ira-wes", ["อิเรเนียนตะวันตกเฉียงใต้"] = "ira-swi", ["อิเรเนียนตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือ"] = "ira-nwi", ["อิเรเนียนตะวันออกเฉียงใต้"] = "ira-sei", ["อิเรเนียนตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ"] = "ira-nei", ["เอสกิโม"] = "esx-esk", ["แองกลิก"] = "gmw-ang", ["แองโกล-ฟรีเชียน"] = "gmw-afr", ["แอตแลนติก-คองโก"] = "alv", ["แอฟโฟรเอเชียติก"] = "afa", ["แอราเมอิก"] = "sem-ara", ["แอราเมอิกตะวันตก"] = "sem-arw", ["แอราเมอิกตะวันออก"] = "sem-are", ["แอราเมอิกตะวันออกเฉียงใต้"] = "sem-ase", ["แอลกองเคียน"] = "alg", ["แอลจิก"] = "aql", ["แอลเบเนียน"] = "sqj", ["โอคุซ"] = "trk-ogz", ["โอคูร์"] = "trk-ogr", ["โอเชียนิก"] = "poz-oce", ["โอเชียนิกตอนกลาง-ตะวันออก"] = "poz-occ", ["โอเชียนิกตะวันตก"] = "poz-ocw", ["โอเชียนิกใต้"] = "poz-ocs", ["ฮินดีตะวันตก"] = "inc-hiw", ["ฮินดีตะวันออก"] = "inc-hie", ["ฮินดูสตานี"] = "inc-hnd", ["เฮลเลนิก"] = "grk", ["ไฮเจอร์แมน"] = "gmw-hgm", } 2v9gn9crmsypy65pmkbopct8y79axpp 5753709 5753693 2026-08-02T02:35:31Z OctraBot 3198 5753709 Scribunto text/plain return { ["Abenaki-Penobscot"] = "alg-abp", ["Abkhaz-Abaza"] = "cau-abz", ["Adamawa"] = "alv-ada", ["Admiralty Islands"] = "poz-aay", ["Ainuic"] = "qfa-ain", ["Aisian"] = "ngf-ais", ["Aizi"] = "kro-aiz", ["Alacalufan"] = "aqa", ["Almora"] = "sit-alm", ["Alumic"] = "nic-alu", ["Amto-Musan"] = "paa-amu", ["Andian"] = "cau-and", ["Angami-Pochuri"] = "tbq-anp", ["Angan"] = "ngf-ang", ["Anim"] = "paa-ani", ["Apachean"] = "apa", ["Arafundi"] = "paa-arf", ["Arandic"] = "aus-rnd", ["Arapahoan"] = "alg-ara", ["Arauan"] = "auf", ["Araucanian"] = "sai-ara", ["Arawakan"] = "awd", ["Arinic"] = "qfa-yrn", ["Arnhem"] = "aus-arn", ["Aroid"] = "omv-aro", ["Aslian"] = "mkh-asl", ["Asmat-Kamoro"] = "ngf-ask", ["Asturleonese"] = "roa-asl", ["Atayalic"] = "map-ata", ["Athabaskan"] = "ath", ["Avaro-Andian"] = "cau-ava", ["Axioid"] = "tbq-axi", ["Ayere-Ahan"] = "alv-aah", ["Aymaran"] = "sai-aym", ["Bafia"] = "bnt-baf", ["Bafo-Bonkeng"] = "bnt-bbo", ["Baga"] = "alv-bag", ["Bagirmi"] = "csu-bgr", ["Bahnaric"] = "mkh-ban", ["Baining"] = "paa-bng", ["Bak"] = "alv-bak", ["Baka"] = "nic-nkb", ["Bali-Sasak-Sumbawa"] = "poz-bss", ["Bambukic"] = "alv-bam", ["Bamileke"] = "bai", ["Banda"] = "bad", ["Bangi-Moi"] = "bnt-bmo", ["Bangi-Ntomba"] = "bnt-bnm", ["Bangi-Tetela"] = "bnt-bte", ["Bantoid-Cross"] = "nic-bcr", ["Banyum"] = "alv-bny", ["Barbacoan"] = "sai-bar", ["Bari"] = "sdv-bri", ["Basa"] = "nic-bas", ["Basaa"] = "bnt-bsa", ["Batak"] = "btk", ["Bati-Angba"] = "bnt-bta", ["Bayono-Awbono"] = "paa-baw", ["Be-Jizhao"] = "qfa-bej", ["Beboid"] = "nic-beb", ["Bekwilic"] = "bnt-bek", ["Bena-Kinga"] = "bnt-bki", ["Bendi"] = "nic-ben", ["Bengali-Assamese"] = "inc-bas", ["Beromic"] = "nic-beo", ["Beti"] = "bnt-btb", ["Bhil"] = "inc-bhi", ["Bi-Ka"] = "tbq-bka", ["Bihari"] = "inc-bih", ["Bikwin-Jen"] = "alv-bwj", ["Binanderean"] = "paa-bin", ["Birri-Kresh"] = "csu-bkr", ["Bisa-Busa"] = "dmn-bbu", ["Boan"] = "bnt-boa", ["Bodish"] = "sit-bdi", ["Boma-Dzing"] = "bnt-bdz", ["Bongo-Bagirmi"] = "csu-bba", ["Bongo-Baka"] = "csu-bbk", ["Boran"] = "sai-bor", ["Border"] = "paa-brd", ["Bosavi"] = "ngf-bos", ["Botatwe"] = "bnt-bot", ["Bua"] = "alv-bua", ["Buja-Ngombe"] = "bnt-bun", ["Bulaka River"] = "paa-bul", ["Buli-Koma"] = "nic-buk", ["Bungku-Tolaki"] = "poz-btk", ["Bunuban"] = "aus-bub", ["Bushoong"] = "bnt-bsh", ["Buyang"] = "qfa-buy", ["Bwa"] = "nic-bwa", ["Bété"] = "kro-bet", ["Caddoan"] = "cdd", ["Cahuapanan"] = "sai-cah", ["Cai-Long"] = "sit-cln", ["Canaanite"] = "sem-can", ["Cangin"] = "alv-cng", ["Cariban"] = "sai-car", ["Castilian"] = "roa-cas", ["Catacaoan"] = "sai-ctc", ["Catawban"] = "nai-cat", ["Celebic"] = "poz-clb", ["Central Banda"] = "bad-cnt", ["Central Cushitic"] = "cus-cen", ["Central Delta"] = "nic-cde", ["Central Jê"] = "sai-cje", ["Central Kiranti"] = "sit-kic", ["Central Maluku"] = "poz-cma", ["Central Mande"] = "dmn-mdc", ["Central Naga"] = "sit-aao", ["Central Neo-Aramaic"] = "sem-cna", ["Central New South Wales"] = "aus-cww", ["Central Plateau"] = "nic-plc", ["Central Ring"] = "nic-rnc", ["Central Sudanic"] = "csu", ["Central Tano"] = "alv-ctn", ["Central Teke"] = "bnt-tkc", ["Central Tivoid"] = "nic-tvc", ["Central Vanuatu"] = "poz-vnc", ["Cerrado"] = "sai-cer", ["Chaga"] = "bnt-chg", ["Chaga-Taita"] = "bnt-cht", ["Chapacuran"] = "sai-cpc", ["Charruan"] = "sai-crn", ["Chatino"] = "omq-cha", ["Chibchan"] = "cba", ["Chimakuan"] = "chi", ["Chimbu-Wahgi"] = "ngf-chw", ["Chinantecan"] = "omq-chi", ["Chinookan"] = "nai-ckn", ["Chitrali"] = "inc-chi", ["Chocoan"] = "sai-chc", ["Chokwe-Luchazi"] = "bnt-clu", ["Chonan"] = "sai-cho", ["Chug-Lish"] = "sit-khc", ["Chukotkan"] = "qfa-ckn", ["Chukotko-Kamchatkan"] = "qfa-cka", ["Chumashan"] = "nai-chu", ["Circassian"] = "cau-cir", ["Common Turkic"] = "trk-cmn", ["Comorian"] = "bnt-com", ["Coosan"] = "nai-coo", ["Cross River"] = "nic-cri", ["Cuicatec"] = "omq-cui", ["Cupan"] = "azc-cup", ["Cushitic"] = "cus", ["Dagan"] = "ngf-dag", ["Dagbani"] = "nic-dag", ["Daju"] = "sdv-daj", ["Dakoid"] = "nic-dak", ["Dakotan"] = "sio-dkt", ["Dalmatian Romance"] = "roa-dal", ["Daly"] = "aus-dal", ["Dangari"] = "inc-dng", ["Dani"] = "ngf-dan", ["Dardic"] = "inc-dar", ["Dargwa"] = "cau-drg", ["Delta Edoid"] = "alv-dlt", ["Dene-Yeniseian"] = "qfa-dny", ["Dhegihan"] = "sio-dhe", ["Dhimalish"] = "sit-dhi", ["Dida"] = "kro-did", ["Dinka-Nuer"] = "sdv-dnu", ["Dizoid"] = "omv-diz", ["Dogon"] = "qfa-dgn", ["Doso-Turumsa"] = "paa-dot", ["Downriver Phula"] = "tbq-drp", ["Durango Nahuatl"] = "azc-dur", ["Duru"] = "alv-dur", ["Dyirbalic"] = "aus-dyb", ["East Barito"] = "poz-bre", ["East Bird\'s Head"] = "paa-ebh", ["East Bodish"] = "sit-ebo", ["East Cushitic"] = "cus-eas", ["East Geelvink Bay"] = "paa-egb", ["East Kainji"] = "nic-kne", ["East Keram"] = "paa-eke", ["East Kutubuan"] = "ngf-eku", ["East Manding"] = "dmn-emn", ["East Ometo"] = "omv-eom", ["East Plateau"] = "nic-ple", ["East Sogeram"] = "ngf-eso", ["East Strickland"] = "ngf-est", ["East Tsezian"] = "cau-ets", ["East rGyalrongic"] = "sit-egy", ["East-West Upper Cross River"] = "nic-uce", ["Eastern Algonquian"] = "alg-eas", ["Eastern Beboid"] = "nic-bbe", ["Eastern Central Sudanic"] = "csu-ecs", ["Eastern Dardic"] = "inc-dre", ["Eastern Eleman"] = "paa-eel", ["Eastern Gbaya"] = "gba-eas", ["Eastern Grassfields"] = "nic-gre", ["Eastern Gurunsi"] = "nic-gne", ["Eastern Jebel"] = "sdv-eje", ["Eastern Kiranti"] = "sit-kie", ["Eastern Kru"] = "kro-ekr", ["Eastern Mande"] = "dmn-mde", ["Eastern Ngbaka"] = "nic-nke", ["Eastern Nilotic"] = "sdv-nie", ["Eastern Oti-Volta"] = "nic-eov", ["Eastern Samur"] = "cau-esm", ["Eastern Sudanic"] = "sdv", ["Eastern Trans-Fly"] = "paa-etf", ["Ede"] = "alv-ede", ["Edekiri"] = "alv-edk", ["Edo-Esan-Ora"] = "alv-eeo", ["Edoid"] = "alv-edo", ["Ekoid"] = "nic-eko", ["Eleman"] = "paa-ele", ["Emilian-Romagnol"] = "roa-emr", ["Enets"] = "syd-ene", ["Engan"] = "ngf-eng", ["Ersuic"] = "sit-ers", ["Escarpment Dogon"] = "nic-dge", ["Eskimo-Aleut"] = "esx", ["Ethiopian Semitic"] = "sem-eth", ["Evapia"] = "ngf-eva", ["Ewenic"] = "tuw-ewe", ["Fali"] = "alv-fli", ["Fas"] = "paa-fas", ["Finisterre"] = "ngf-fin", ["Finisterre-Huon"] = "ngf-fhu", ["French Sign Languages"] = "sgn-fsl", ["Fur"] = "ssa-fur", ["Furu"] = "nic-fru", ["Ga-Dangme"] = "alv-gda", ["Galician-Portuguese"] = "roa-gap", ["Gallo-Rhaetian"] = "roa-grh", ["Gallo-Romance"] = "roa-gar", ["Garawan"] = "aus-gar", ["Gbanziri"] = "nic-nkg", ["Gbaya"] = "gba", ["Gelao"] = "gio", ["German Sign Languages"] = "sgn-gsl", ["Ghana-Togo Mountain"] = "alv-gtm", ["Gogodala-Suki"] = "ngf-gsu", ["Goidelic"] = "cel-gae", ["Gondi"] = "dra-gon", ["Gondi-Kui"] = "dra-gki", ["Gonga"] = "omv-gon", ["Grassfields"] = "nic-grf", ["Great Lakes Bantu"] = "bnt-glb", ["Greater Awyu"] = "ngf-gaw", ["Greater Binanderean"] = "paa-gbi", ["Greater Magaric"] = "sit-gma", ["Greater Siangic"] = "sit-gsi", ["Grebo"] = "kro-grb", ["Grebo proper"] = "grb", ["Guahiban"] = "sai-guh", ["Guaicuruan"] = "sai-guc", ["Guang"] = "alv-gng", ["Guianan"] = "sai-gui", ["Gum"] = "ngf-gum", ["Gunwinyguan"] = "aus-gun", ["Gurma"] = "nic-grm", ["Gurunsi"] = "nic-gns", ["Halbic"] = "inc-hal", ["Halmahera-Cenderawasih"] = "poz-hce", ["Hanoid"] = "tbq-han", ["Hanseman"] = "ngf-han", ["Harákmbut"] = "sai-har", ["Harákmbut-Katukinan"] = "sai-hkt", ["Haya-Jita"] = "bnt-haj", ["Heiban"] = "alv-hei", ["Highland East Cushitic"] = "cus-hec", ["Highland Phula"] = "tbq-hph", ["Hill Nubian"] = "nub-hil", ["Hispano-Celtic"] = "cel-his", ["Hokan"] = "hok", ["Horpa"] = "ero", ["Hrusish"] = "sit-hrs", ["Huarpean"] = "sai-hrp", ["Huasteca Nahuatl"] = "azc-hua", ["Huon"] = "ngf-huo", ["Hurro-Urartian"] = "qfa-hur", ["Ibero-Romance"] = "roa-ibe", ["Ibibio-Efik"] = "nic-ief", ["Idomoid"] = "alv-ido", ["Igboid"] = "alv-igb", ["Ijoid"] = "ijo", ["Inland Min"] = "zhx-inm", ["Insular Celtic"] = "cel-ins", ["Insular Indo-Aryan"] = "inc-ins", ["Insular Scandinavian"] = "gmq-ins", ["Irish Anglo-Norman"] = "gmw-ian", ["Iroquoian"] = "iro", ["Irula-Muduga"] = "dra-imd", ["Italo-Romance"] = "roa-itr", ["Italo-Western Romance"] = "roa-iwr", ["Iwaidjan"] = "aus-wdj", ["Iwam"] = "paa-iwm", ["Japanese Sign Languages"] = "sgn-jsl", ["Jarawa"] = "nic-jrw", ["Jarawan"] = "nic-jrn", ["Jarrakan"] = "aus-jar", ["Jera"] = "nic-jer", ["Jicaquean"] = "nai-jcq", ["Jingphoic"] = "sit-jnp", ["Jino"] = "tbq-jin", ["Jirajaran"] = "sai-jir", ["Jivaroan"] = "sai-jiv", ["Jogo-Jeri"] = "dmn-jje", ["Jola"] = "alv-jol", ["Jola-Felupe"] = "alv-jfe", ["Jukunoid"] = "nic-jkn", ["Jê"] = "sai-jee", ["KRDS languages"] = "inc-krd", ["Ka-Togo"] = "alv-ktg", ["Kaba"] = "csu-kab", ["Kadu"] = "qfa-kad", ["Kaili-Pamona"] = "poz-kal", ["Kainantu-Goroka"] = "ngf-kag", ["Kainji"] = "nic-knj", ["Kako"] = "bnt-kak", ["Kalahari Khoe"] = "khi-kal", ["Kalam-Kobon"] = "ngf-kak", ["Kalam-Southern Adelbert"] = "ngf-ksa", ["Kalapuyan"] = "nai-klp", ["Kalenjin"] = "sdv-kln", ["Kam-Sui"] = "qfa-kms", ["Kambari"] = "nic-kam", ["Kamuku"] = "nic-kmk", ["Kamula-Elevala"] = "paa-kae", ["Kannadoid"] = "dra-kan", ["Karaboro"] = "alv-krb", ["Karnic"] = "aus-kar", ["Kashmiric"] = "inc-kas", ["Katloid"] = "nic-ktl", ["Katuic"] = "mkh-kat", ["Katukinan"] = "sai-ktk", ["Kaukombar"] = "ngf-kau", ["Kaure-Kosare"] = "paa-kko", ["Kauru"] = "nic-kau", ["Kavango"] = "bnt-kav", ["Kavango-Southwest Bantu"] = "bnt-ksb", ["Kayagaric"] = "paa-kay", ["Kazhuoish"] = "tbq-kzh", ["Kele"] = "bnt-kel", ["Kele-Tsogo"] = "bnt-kts", ["Keram"] = "paa-ker", ["Keresan"] = "nai-ker", ["Ketic"] = "qfa-yke", ["Kham"] = "sit-kha", ["Khanty"] = "kca", ["Kho-Bwa"] = "sit-khb", ["Khoe"] = "khi-kho", ["Khoe-Kwadi"] = "khi-kkw", ["Khoekhoe"] = "khi-khk", ["Kikuyu-Kamba"] = "bnt-kka", ["Kilombero"] = "bnt-kil", ["Kim"] = "alv-kim", ["Kimbundu"] = "bnt-kmb", ["Kinnauric"] = "sit-kin", ["Kiowa-Tanoan"] = "nai-kta", ["Kiranti"] = "sit-kir", ["Kissi"] = "alv-kis", ["Kiwaian"] = "paa-kiw", ["Kodagu"] = "dra-kod", ["Kohistani"] = "inc-koh", ["Koiarian"] = "ngf-koi", ["Kokon"] = "ngf-kok", ["Kolami-Naiki"] = "dra-knk", ["Kolopom"] = "paa-kol", ["Koman"] = "ssa-kom", ["Komi"] = "kv", ["Komisenian"] = "ira-kms", ["Komo-Bira"] = "bnt-kbi", ["Konda-Kui"] = "dra-kki", ["Kongo"] = "bnt-kng", ["Konyak"] = "sit-kon", ["Konyak-Chang"] = "sit-kch", ["Koraga"] = "dra-kor", ["Kottic"] = "qfa-yko", ["Kowan"] = "ngf-kow", ["Kpala"] = "nic-nkk", ["Kpwe"] = "bnt-kpw", ["Kru"] = "kro", ["Kuikuroan"] = "sai-kui", ["Kuki-Chin"] = "tbq-kuk", ["Kulango"] = "alv-kul", ["Kuliak"] = "ssa-klk", ["Kumil"] = "ngf-kum", ["Kunar"] = "inc-kun", ["Kunimaipan"] = "paa-kun", ["Kurukh-Malto"] = "dra-kml", ["Kwa"] = "alv-kwa", ["Kwalean"] = "paa-kwa", ["Kwomtari"] = "paa-kwm", ["Kx\'a"] = "khi-kxa", ["Kyirong-Kagate"] = "sit-kyk", ["Ladakhi-Balti"] = "sit-lab", ["Lagoon"] = "alv-lag", ["Lahoish"] = "tbq-lho", ["Lahuli-Spiti"] = "sit-las", ["Lakes Plain"] = "paa-lkp", ["Lalo"] = "tbq-lal", ["Land Dayak"] = "day", ["Latino-Faliscan"] = "itc-laf", ["Lawoish"] = "tbq-lwo", ["Lebonya"] = "bnt-leb", ["Left May"] = "paa-lem", ["Lega-Binja"] = "bnt-lgb", ["Leko"] = "alv-lek", ["Leko-Nimbari"] = "alv-lni", ["Lenape"] = "del", ["Lencan"] = "nai-len", ["Lendu"] = "csu-lnd", ["Lezghian"] = "cau-lzg", ["Limba"] = "alv-lim", ["Lipo-Lolopo"] = "tbq-llo", ["Lisoish"] = "tbq-lso", ["Logooli-Kuria"] = "bnt-lok", ["Lotuko-Maa"] = "sdv-lma", ["Low Franconian"] = "gmw-frk", ["Lower Cross River"] = "nic-lcr", ["Lower Sepik"] = "paa-lsp", ["Luba"] = "bnt-lub", ["Luban"] = "bnt-lbn", ["Lunda"] = "bnt-lun", ["Luo"] = "sdv-luo", ["Luwic"] = "ine-luw", ["Mabuso"] = "ngf-mab", ["Macro-Chibchan"] = "qfa-mch", ["Macro-Jê"] = "sai-mje", ["Madiya"] = "dra-mdy", ["Maiduan"] = "nai-mdu", ["Mailuan"] = "paa-mal", ["Mairasi"] = "paa-mai", ["Makaa"] = "bnt-mka", ["Makaa-Njem"] = "bnt-mnj", ["Makua"] = "bnt-mak", ["Malayalamoid"] = "dra-mal", ["Malto"] = "dra-mlo", ["Mambiloid"] = "nic-mmb", ["Mamfe"] = "nic-mam", ["Mande"] = "dmn", ["Manding"] = "dmn-man", ["Manding-Jogo"] = "dmn-mjo", ["Manding-Mokole"] = "dmn-mmo", ["Manding-Vai"] = "dmn-mva", ["Manenguba"] = "bnt-mne", ["Mangbetu"] = "csu-maa", ["Mangbutu-Lese"] = "csu-mle", ["Mangic"] = "mkh-mng", ["Maninka"] = "dmn-mnk", ["Mano-Dan"] = "dmn-mda", ["Mansi"] = "mns", ["Manubaran"] = "paa-man", ["Mao"] = "omv-mao", ["Mapoyan"] = "sai-map", ["Mari"] = "chm", ["Maringic"] = "sit-mar", ["Masa"] = "cdc-mas", ["Masaba-Luhya"] = "bnt-msl", ["Mascoian"] = "sai-mas", ["Mataco-Guaicuru"] = "sai-mgc", ["Matacoan"] = "sai-mtc", ["Maybratic"] = "paa-mbr", ["Mazanderani-Shahmirzadi"] = "ira-msh", ["Mazatecan"] = "omq-maz", ["Mba"] = "nic-mbc", ["Mbaham-Iha"] = "paa-mbi", ["Mbaka"] = "nic-nkm", ["Mbam"] = "nic-mba", ["Mbete"] = "bnt-mbt", ["Mbeya"] = "bnt-mby", ["Mbinga"] = "bnt-mbi", ["Mbole-Enya"] = "bnt-mbe", ["Mboshi"] = "bnt-mbo", ["Mboshi-Buja"] = "bnt-mbb", ["Mbugwe-Rangi"] = "bnt-mra", ["Mbum"] = "alv-mbm", ["Mbum-Day"] = "alv-mbd", ["Median"] = "xme", ["Medo-Parthian"] = "ira-mpr", ["Mek"] = "ngf-mek", ["Mel"] = "alv-mel", ["Mey-Sartang"] = "sit-khm", ["อิเรเนียนกลาง"] = "ira-mid", ["Midzu"] = "sit-mdz", ["Mijikenda"] = "bnt-mij", ["Mindjim"] = "ngf-min", ["Mirndi"] = "aus-mir", ["Mississippi Valley Siouan"] = "sio-msv", ["Missouri River Siouan"] = "sio-mor", ["Misumalpan"] = "nai-min", ["Mixe-Zoquean"] = "nai-miz", ["Mixtec"] = "omq-mxt", ["Mixtecan"] = "omq-mix", ["Modern South Arabian"] = "sem-sar", ["Mokole"] = "dmn-mok", ["Mombum"] = "ngf-mom", ["Momo"] = "nic-mom", ["Mondzish"] = "sit-mnz", ["Mongo"] = "bnt-mon", ["Monguor"] = "mjg", ["Mordvinic"] = "urj-mdv", ["Moru-Madi"] = "csu-mma", ["Moré"] = "nic-mre", ["Mruic"] = "sit-mru", ["Muji"] = "tbq-muj", ["Mumuye"] = "alv-mum", ["Mumuye-Yendang"] = "alv-mye", ["Muna-Buton"] = "poz-mun", ["Munji-Yidgha"] = "ira-mny", ["Muran"] = "sai-mur", ["Muria"] = "dra-mur", ["Muskogean"] = "nai-mus", ["Mwika"] = "bnt-mwi", ["Na-Dene"] = "xnd", ["Na-Togo"] = "alv-ntg", ["Nadahup"] = "sai-nad", ["Naic"] = "sit-nax", ["Naish"] = "sit-nas", ["Nalu"] = "alv-nal", ["Nambikwaran"] = "sai-nmk", ["Nanaic"] = "tuw-nan", ["Nandi-Markweta"] = "sdv-nma", ["Nanga-Walo"] = "nic-nwa", ["Nasoid"] = "tbq-nas", ["Navarro-Aragonese"] = "roa-nar", ["Nawiki"] = "awd-nwk", ["Ndu"] = "paa-ndu", ["Ndzem-Bomwali"] = "bnt-ndb", ["Nenets"] = "yrk", ["Newaric"] = "sit-new", ["Ngayarda"] = "aus-nga", ["Ngbaka"] = "nic-ngk", ["Ngbandi"] = "nic-ngd", ["Ngemba"] = "nic-nge", ["Ngondi-Ngiri"] = "bnt-ngn", ["Nilo-Saharan"] = "ssa", ["Nilotic"] = "sdv-nil", ["Nimboran"] = "paa-nim", ["Ninzic"] = "nic-nin", ["Nisoish"] = "tbq-nso", ["Nisu"] = "tbq-nis", ["Nkambe"] = "nic-nka", ["North Athabaskan"] = "ath-nor", ["North Bahnaric"] = "mkh-nbn", ["North Bougainville"] = "paa-nbo", ["North Halmahera"] = "paa-nha", ["North Iroquoian"] = "iro-nor", ["North Ometo"] = "omv-nom", ["North Plateau Dogon"] = "nic-npd", ["North Sea Germanic"] = "gmw-nsg", ["North Sogeram"] = "ngf-nso", ["North Vanuatu"] = "poz-vnn", ["North-Central Edoid"] = "alv-nce", ["North-South Upper Cross River"] = "nic-ucn", ["Northeast Bantu"] = "bnt-bne", ["Northeast Coast Bantu"] = "bnt-ncb", ["Northeastern Neo-Aramaic"] = "sem-nna", ["Northern Adelbert"] = "ngf-nad", ["Northern Eastern Sudanic"] = "sdv-nes", ["Northern Gurunsi"] = "nic-gnn", ["Northern Jê"] = "sai-nje", ["Northern Luo"] = "sdv-lon", ["Northern Nuristani"] = "nur-nor", ["Northern Ring"] = "nic-rnn", ["Northern Tivoid"] = "nic-tvn", ["Northwest Hanseman"] = "ngf-nwh", ["Northwest Kainji"] = "nic-knn", ["Northwest Sumatran"] = "poz-nws", ["Northwestern Edoid"] = "alv-nwd", ["Northwestern Mande"] = "dmn-mnw", ["Numic"] = "azc-num", ["Numugen"] = "ngf-num", ["Nun"] = "nic-nun", ["Nungish"] = "sit-nng", ["Nupe-Gbagyi"] = "alv-ngb", ["Nupoid"] = "alv-nup", ["Nuristani"] = "iir-nur", ["Nuru"] = "ngf-nur", ["Nusoish"] = "tbq-nus", ["Nwa-Beng"] = "dmn-nbe", ["Nyali"] = "bnt-nya", ["Nyanga-Buyi"] = "bnt-nyb", ["Nyima"] = "sdv-nyi", ["Nyoro-Ganda"] = "bnt-nyg", ["Nyulnyulan"] = "aus-nyu", ["Nyun"] = "alv-nyn", ["Nzebi"] = "bnt-nze", ["Occitano-Romance"] = "roa-ocr", ["Ogoni"] = "nic-ogo", ["Ohio Valley Siouan"] = "sio-ohv", ["Ok"] = "ngf-okk", ["อิเรเนียนเก่า"] = "ira-old", ["Old South Arabian"] = "sem-osa", ["Ometo"] = "omv-ome", ["Omosan"] = "ngf-omo", ["Omotic"] = "omv", ["Ongan"] = "qfa-ong", ["Ormuri-Parachi"] = "ira-orp", ["Osco-Umbrian"] = "itc-sbl", ["Oti-Volta"] = "nic-ovo", ["Oto-Manguean"] = "omq", ["Oto-Pamean"] = "omq-otp", ["Otomacoan"] = "sai-otm", ["Otomi"] = "oto-otm", ["Otomian"] = "oto", ["Ovambo"] = "bnt-ova", ["Pacific Coast Athabaskan"] = "ath-pco", ["Pahari"] = "inc-pah", ["Pahoturi River"] = "paa-pht", ["Pakanic"] = "mkh-pkn", ["Pakawan"] = "nai-pak", ["Palaihnihan"] = "nai-pal", ["Palaungic"] = "mkh-pal", ["ปามา-ญูงัน"] = "aus-pam", ["Paman"] = "aus-pmn", ["Paniai Lakes"] = "ngf-pan", ["Pano-Tacanan"] = "sai-pat", ["Panoan"] = "sai-pan", ["Papel"] = "alv-pap", ["Para-Mongolic"] = "qfa-xgx", ["Pare"] = "bnt-par", ["Parji-Gadaba"] = "dra-pgd", ["Parukotoan"] = "sai-prk", ["Pashayi"] = "inc-pas", ["Pauwasi"] = "paa-pau", ["แพริก"] = "mkh-pea", ["Peba-Yaguan"] = "sai-pey", ["Peka"] = "ngf-pek", ["Pekodian"] = "sai-pek", ["Pemongan"] = "sai-pem", ["Pende"] = "bnt-pen", ["Phla-Pherá"] = "alv-pph", ["Phowa"] = "tbq-phw", ["Piawi"] = "paa-pia", ["Piman"] = "azc-pim", ["Pinghua"] = "zhx-pin", ["Plains Dogon"] = "nic-pld", ["Plateau"] = "nic-plt", ["Plateau Penutian"] = "nai-plp", ["Platoid"] = "nic-pla", ["Pomeranian"] = "zlw-pom", ["Pomo-Bomwali"] = "bnt-pob", ["Pomoan"] = "nai-pom", ["Pomoikan"] = "ngf-pom", ["Popolocan"] = "omq-pop", ["Potou-Tano"] = "alv-ptn", ["Pumpokolic"] = "qfa-ypm", ["Punjabic"] = "inc-pan", ["Qiangic"] = "sit-qia", ["Rai Coast"] = "ngf-rai", ["Ramu"] = "paa-ram", ["Rashad"] = "nic-ras", ["Rgyalrongic"] = "sit-rgy", ["Rhaeto-Romance"] = "roa-rhe", ["Ring"] = "nic-rng", ["Riverine Phula"] = "tbq-rph", ["Romani"] = "inc-rom", ["Rufiji-Ruvuma"] = "bnt-rur", ["Rukwa"] = "bnt-ruk", ["Rungwe"] = "bnt-run", ["Ruvu"] = "bnt-ruv", ["Ruvuma"] = "bnt-rvm", ["Sabahan"] = "poz-san", ["Sabaki"] = "bnt-sab", ["Sabi"] = "bnt-sbi", ["Sac-Fox-Kickapoo"] = "alg-sfk", ["Sahaptian"] = "nai-shp", ["Saharan"] = "ssa-sah", ["Saka"] = "xsc-sak", ["Saka-Wakhi"] = "xsc-skw", ["Salish"] = "sal", ["Saluan-Banggai"] = "poz-slb", ["Sama-Bajaw"] = "poz-sbj", ["Samo"] = "dmn-sam", ["Samogo"] = "dmn-smg", ["Samoyedic"] = "syd", ["Samur"] = "cau-sam", ["Sanglechi-Ishkashimi"] = "ira-sgi", ["Sara"] = "csu-sar", ["Sarmatian"] = "xsc-sar", ["Savanna"] = "alv-sav", ["Sawabantu"] = "bnt-saw", ["Scythian"] = "xsc", ["Selkup"] = "sel", ["Sena"] = "bnt-sna", ["Senagi"] = "paa-sng", ["Senari"] = "alv-snr", ["Sentani"] = "paa-sen", ["Senufo"] = "alv-snf", ["Sepik"] = "paa-spk", ["Serbi-Mongolic"] = "qfa-xgs", ["Sere"] = "nic-ser", ["Seuta"] = "bnt-seu", ["Shastan"] = "nai-shs", ["Shi-Havu"] = "bnt-shh", ["Shinaic"] = "inc-shn", ["Shirongolic"] = "xgn-shr", ["Shiroro"] = "nic-shi", ["Shona"] = "bnt-sho", ["Shughni-Roshani"] = "ira-shr", ["Shughni-Yazghulami"] = "ira-shy", ["Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji"] = "ira-sym", ["Siloid"] = "tbq-sil", ["Sindhic"] = "inc-snd", ["Siouan"] = "sio", ["Siouan-Catawban"] = "nai-sca", ["Sira"] = "bnt-sir", ["Sisaala"] = "nic-sis", ["Sko"] = "paa-msk", ["Slavey"] = "den", ["Sogeram"] = "ngf-sog", ["Soko-Kele"] = "bnt-ske", ["Songhay"] = "son", ["Soninke-Bobo"] = "dmn-snb", ["Sotho-Tswana"] = "bnt-sts", ["เซาท์เบิร์ดส์เฮด"] = "ngf-sbh", ["South Bougainville"] = "paa-sbo", ["South Cushitic"] = "cus-sou", ["South Plateau"] = "nic-pls", ["South Vanuatu"] = "poz-vns", ["Southeast Solomonic"] = "poz-sls", ["Southeastern Mande"] = "dmn-mse", ["Southern Adelbert"] = "ngf-sad", ["Southern Bantu"] = "bnt-bso", ["Southern Gbaya"] = "gba-sou", ["Southern Jê"] = "sai-sje", ["Southern Luo"] = "sdv-los", ["Southern Nilotic"] = "sdv-nis", ["Southern Nuristani"] = "nur-sou", ["Southern Romance"] = "roa-sou", ["Southern Samur"] = "cau-ssm", ["Southwest Bantu"] = "bnt-swb", ["Southwest Grassfields"] = "nic-grs", ["Southwest Pama-Nyungan"] = "aus-psw", ["Southwestern Edoid"] = "alv-swd", ["Southwestern Mande"] = "dmn-msw", ["St. Matthias"] = "poz-stm", ["Suppire-Mamara"] = "alv-sma", ["Susu-Yalunka"] = "dmn-sya", ["Swahili"] = "bnt-swh", ["Ta-Arawak"] = "awd-taa", ["Tacanan"] = "sai-tac", ["Tagwana-Djimini"] = "alv-tdj", ["Takama"] = "bnt-tkm", ["Takic"] = "azc-tak", ["Talodi"] = "alv-tal", ["Talodi-Heiban"] = "alv-the", ["Taloid"] = "tbq-tal", ["Taman"] = "sdv-tmn", ["Tamangic"] = "sit-tam", ["Tamil-Kannada"] = "dra-tkn", ["Tamil-Kodagu"] = "dra-tkd", ["Tamil-Malayalam"] = "dra-tml", ["Tamiloid"] = "dra-tam", ["Tangkhul-Maring"] = "sit-tma", ["Tangkhulic"] = "sit-tng", ["Tangkic"] = "aus-tnk", ["Tangsa-Nocte"] = "sit-tno", ["Tani"] = "sit-tan", ["Taracahitic"] = "azc-trc", ["Taranoan"] = "sai-tar", ["Tarokoid"] = "nic-tar", ["Tatic"] = "xme-ttc", ["Teberan"] = "paa-teb", ["Teke"] = "bnt-tek", ["Teke-Mbede"] = "bnt-tmb", ["Teluguic"] = "dra-tel", ["Temotu"] = "poz-tem", ["Tenda"] = "alv-ten", ["Tequistlatecan"] = "nai-tqn", ["Teso-Turkana"] = "sdv-ttu", ["Tetela"] = "bnt-tet", ["Tharu"] = "inc-tha", ["Tibetic"] = "sit-tib", ["Tiboran"] = "ngf-tib", ["Ticuna-Yuri"] = "sai-tyu", ["Timor-Alor-Pantar"] = "paa-tap", ["Timoric"] = "poz-tim", ["Tivoid"] = "nic-tiv", ["Toda-Kota"] = "dra-tkt", ["Tomini-Tolitoli"] = "poz-tot", ["Tongic"] = "poz-ton", ["Tor-Kwerba"] = "paa-tkw", ["Torricelli"] = "paa-tor", ["Totonacan"] = "nai-ttn", ["Totozoquean"] = "nai-tot", ["Trans-New Guinea"] = "ngf", ["Triqui"] = "omq-tri", ["Tsezian"] = "cau-tsz", ["Tshangla"] = "sit-tsk", ["Tsimshianic"] = "nai-tsi", ["Tsogo"] = "bnt-tso", ["Tswa-Ronga"] = "bnt-tsr", ["Tucanoan"] = "sai-tuc", ["Tujia"] = "sit-tja", ["Tulu-Koraga"] = "dra-tlk", ["Tungusic"] = "tuw", ["Turama-Kikori"] = "paa-tuk", ["Tuu"] = "khi-tuu", ["Tyrsenian"] = "qfa-tyn", ["Ubangian"] = "nic-ubg", ["Udegheic"] = "tuw-udg", ["Upper Cross River"] = "nic-ucr", ["Upriver Phula"] = "tbq-urp", ["Uru-Chipaya"] = "sai-ucp", ["Utian"] = "nai-utn", ["Utu-Silopi"] = "ngf-usi", ["Vai-Kono"] = "dmn-vak", ["Vale"] = "csu-val", ["Venezuelan Cariban"] = "sai-ven", ["Waja-Kam"] = "alv-wjk", ["Wakashan"] = "wak", ["Walio"] = "paa-wal", ["Wara-Natyoro"] = "alv-wan", ["Wee"] = "kro-wee", ["West Barito"] = "poz-brw", ["West Bird\'s Head"] = "paa-wbh", ["West Dogon"] = "nic-dgw", ["West Himalayish"] = "sit-whm", ["West Keram"] = "paa-wke", ["West Manding"] = "dmn-wmn", ["West Mbam"] = "nic-mbw", ["West Sogeram"] = "ngf-wso", ["West Tsezian"] = "cau-wts", ["West rGyalrongic"] = "sit-wgy", ["Western Eleman"] = "paa-wel", ["Western Gbaya"] = "gba-wes", ["Western Gurunsi"] = "nic-gnw", ["Western Kho-Bwa"] = "sit-khw", ["Western Kiranti"] = "sit-kiw", ["Western Kru"] = "kro-wkr", ["Western Mande"] = "dmn-mdw", ["Western Ngbaka"] = "nic-nkw", ["Western Nilotic"] = "sdv-niw", ["Western Oti-Volta"] = "nic-wov", ["Western Pahari"] = "him", ["Western Ring"] = "nic-rnw", ["Western Romance"] = "roa-wes", ["Western Samur"] = "cau-wsm", ["Wichí"] = "sai-wic", ["Wintuan"] = "nai-wtq", ["Witotoan"] = "sai-wit", ["Worrorran"] = "aus-wor", ["Wotu-Wolio"] = "poz-wot", ["Xincan"] = "nai-xin", ["Yaganon"] = "ngf-yag", ["Yaka"] = "bnt-yak", ["Yam"] = "paa-yam", ["Yambasa"] = "nic-ymb", ["Yangmanic"] = "aus-yng", ["Yanomami"] = "sai-ynm", ["Yareban"] = "ngf-yar", ["Yasa-Kombe"] = "bnt-yko", ["Yawa-Saweru"] = "paa-yaw", ["Yekhee"] = "alv-yek", ["Yeniseian"] = "qfa-yen", ["Yidinyic"] = "aus-yid", ["Yok-Utian"] = "nai-you", ["Yokuts"] = "yok", ["Yolngu"] = "aus-yol", ["Yom-Nawdm"] = "nic-yon", ["Yoruba"] = "alv-yor", ["Yoruboid"] = "alv-yrd", ["Yuat"] = "paa-yua", ["Yue"] = "zhx-yue", ["Yuin-Kuric"] = "aus-yuk", ["Yukaghir"] = "qfa-yuk", ["Yukian"] = "nai-ykn", ["Yukpan"] = "sai-yuk", ["Yukubenic"] = "nic-ykb", ["Yuman-Cochimí"] = "nai-yuc", ["Yungur"] = "alv-yun", ["Yupik"] = "ypk", ["Zamba-Binza"] = "bnt-zbi", ["Zamucoan"] = "sai-zam", ["Zande"] = "znd", ["Zaparoan"] = "sai-zap", ["Zapotec"] = "omq-zpc", ["Zapotecan"] = "omq-zap", ["Zaza-Gorani"] = "ira-zgr", ["Zeme"] = "sit-zem", ["contact"] = "qfa-cnt", ["disputed affiliation"] = "qfa-dis", ["substrate"] = "qfa-sub", ["unclassifiable"] = "qfa-unc", ["กเบ"] = "alv-gbe", ["กะชีน-ลูอิก"] = "sit-jpl", ["กะเหรี่ยง"] = "kar", ["กัวรานี"] = "gn", ["การ์ลุก"] = "trk-kar", ["กูร์"] = "nic-gur", ["เกชวน"] = "qwe", ["เกรตอันดามันนีส"] = "qfa-adm", ["เกรตอันดามันนีสตอนกลาง"] = "qfa-adc", ["เกรตอันดามันนีสใต้"] = "qfa-ads", ["เกรตอันดามันนีสเหนือ"] = "qfa-adn", ["แกลโล-อิตาลิก"] = "roa-git", ["ขมุอิก"] = "mkh-khm", ["ขแมริก"] = "mkh-kmr", ["ขร้า"] = "qfa-kra", ["ขร้า-ไท"] = "qfa-tak", ["ครีโอล"] = "qfa-cre", ["ครีโอล-พิดจิน"] = "crp", ["คอเคเซียนตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือ"] = "cau-nwc", ["คอเคเซียนตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ"] = "cau-nec", ["คาเซียน"] = "aav-khs", ["คาร์ทเวเลียน"] = "ccs", ["คาลาเมียน"] = "phi-kal", ["คิปชาก"] = "trk-kip", ["คิปชาก-คูมาน"] = "trk-kcu", ["คิปชาก-โนกาย"] = "trk-kno", ["คิปชาก-โบลการ์"] = "trk-kbu", ["คีร์กีซ-คิปชาก"] = "trk-kkp", ["เคลติก"] = "cel", ["เคอร์ดิช"] = "ku", ["แคสเปียน"] = "ira-csp", ["โคเรียน"] = "qfa-kor", ["งูนี"] = "bnt-ngu", ["จอร์เจียน-แซน"] = "ccs-gzn", ["จามิก"] = "cmc", ["จูร์เชนิก"] = "tuw-jrc", ["เจอร์แมนิก"] = "gem", ["เจอร์แมนิกตะวันตก"] = "gmw", ["เจอร์แมนิกตะวันออก"] = "gme", ["เจอร์แมนิกเหนือ"] = "gmq", ["แจพอนิก"] = "jpx", ["ชาดิก"] = "cdc", ["ชาดิกตอนกลาง"] = "cdc-cbm", ["ชาดิกตะวันตก"] = "cdc-wst", ["ชาดิกตะวันออก"] = "cdc-est", ["ซอกดิก"] = "ira-sgc", ["ซอกโด-แบกเตรียน"] = "ira-sbc", ["ซอร์เบียน"] = "wen", ["ซัล"] = "tbq-bkj", ["ซาปา-ไทตะวันตกเฉียงใต้"] = "tai-sap", ["ซามิก"] = "smi", ["ซาราวักเหนือ"] = "poz-swa", ["ซินิติก"] = "zhx", ["ซิโน-ทิเบตัน"] = "sit", ["ซิโน-ไป๋"] = "sit-sba", ["ซูลาเวซีใต้"] = "poz-ssw", ["เซเนแกมเบียน"] = "alv-sng", ["เซมิติก"] = "sem", ["เซมิติกตอนกลาง"] = "sem-cen", ["เซมิติกตะวันตก"] = "sem-wes", ["เซมิติกตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือ"] = "sem-nwe", ["เซมิติกตะวันออก"] = "sem-eas", ["แซน"] = "ccs-zan", ["โซมาลอยด์"] = "cus-som", ["ไซบีเรียนเตอร์กิก"] = "trk-sib", ["ไซบีเรียนเตอร์กิกใต้"] = "trk-ssb", ["ไซบีเรียนเตอร์กิกเหนือ"] = "trk-nsb", ["ดราวิเดียน"] = "dra", ["ดราวิเดียนตอนกลาง"] = "dra-cen", ["ดราวิเดียนใต้"] = "dra-sou", ["ดราวิเดียนใต้ที่สอง"] = "dra-sdt", ["ดราวิเดียนใต้ที่หนึ่ง"] = "dra-sdo", ["ดราวิเดียนเหนือ"] = "dra-nor", ["โดดเดี่ยว"] = "qfa-iso", ["ตั่ย"] = "tai-tay", ["ตูปี-กัวรานี"] = "tup-gua", ["ตูเปียน"] = "tup", ["เตอร์กิก"] = "trk", ["ทิเบโต-เบอร์มัน"] = "tbq", ["โทแคเรียน"] = "ine-toc", ["ไท"] = "tai", ["ไทฉงจั่ว"] = "tai-cho", ["ไทตอนกลาง"] = "tai-cen", ["ไทตะวันตกเฉียงใต้"] = "tai-swe", ["ไทเหนือ"] = "tai-nor", ["นยาซา"] = "bnt-nys", ["นัค"] = "cau-nkh", ["นาวัน"] = "azc-nah", ["นิโคบารีส"] = "aav-nic", ["นิวเคลียร์พอลินีเชียน"] = "poz-pnp", ["นิวแคลิโดเนียน"] = "poz-cln", ["นูเบียน"] = "nub", ["ไนเจอร์-คองโก"] = "nic", ["บริทอนิก"] = "cel-bry", ["บริทอนิกตะวันตก"] = "cel-brw", ["บริทอนิกตะวันตกเฉียงใต้"] = "cel-brs", ["บอร์เนียวเหนือ"] = "poz-bnn", ["บอลติก"] = "bat", ["บอลติกตะวันตก"] = "bat-wes", ["บอลติกตะวันออก"] = "bat-eas", ["บอลโต-สลาวิก"] = "ine-bsl", ["บีซอยด์"] = "tbq-bis", ["เบ"] = "qfa-onb", ["เบ-ไท"] = "qfa-bet", ["เบนูเอ-คองโก"] = "nic-bco", ["เบอร์เบอร์"] = "ber", ["เบอร์มิช"] = "tbq-brm", ["เบอร์โม-เชียงอิก"] = "tbq-buq", ["แบนทอยด์"] = "nic-bod", ["แบนทอยด์ใต้"] = "nic-bds", ["แบนทอยด์เหนือ"] = "nic-bdn", ["แบนทู"] = "bnt", ["โบโด-กาโร"] = "tbq-bdg", ["ปนัร-คาซี-ลึงงัม"] = "aav-pkl", ["ประดิษฐ์"] = "art", ["ปาทาน"] = "ira-pat", ["ปาปวน"] = "paa", ["เปอร์มิก"] = "urj-prm", ["แปซิฟิกตอนกลาง"] = "poz-pcc", ["ไป๋"] = "sit-bai", ["ไป๋เหนือ"] = "sit-nba", ["ผสม"] = "qfa-mix", ["พอลินีเชียน"] = "poz-pol", ["พอลินีเชียนตะวันออก"] = "poz-pep", ["พิดจิน"] = "qfa-pid", ["ฟรีเชียน"] = "gmw-fri", ["ฟินนิก"] = "urj-fin", ["ฟิลิปปินส์"] = "phi", ["ฟูลา-โวลอฟ"] = "alv-fwo", ["มองโกลิก"] = "xgn", ["มองโกลิกตอนกลาง"] = "xgn-cen", ["มองโกลิกใต้"] = "xgn-sou", ["มอญ-เขมร"] = "mkh", ["มาดัง"] = "ngf-mad", ["มาโนโบ"] = "mno", ["มายัน"] = "myn", ["มาลาโย-จามิก"] = "poz-mcm", ["มาลาโย-ซุมบาวัน"] = "poz-msa", ["มาลาโย-พอลินีเชียน"] = "poz", ["มาลาโย-พอลินีเชียนตอนกลาง-ตะวันออก"] = "poz-cet", ["มาลาโย-พอลินีเชียนตะวันออก"] = "pqe", ["มาเลย์อิก"] = "poz-mly", ["มือ"] = "sgn", ["มุนดา"] = "mun", ["เมี่ยน"] = "hmx-mie", ["แมโคร-ไป๋"] = "sit-mba", ["แมนดารินิก"] = "zhx-man", ["โมนิก"] = "mkh-mnc", ["ไมโครนีเซียน"] = "poz-mic", ["ไม่ใช่กลุ่มภาษา"] = "qfa-not", ["ม้ง"] = "hmn", ["ม้ง-เมี่ยน"] = "hmx", ["ยูกริก"] = "urj-ugr", ["ยูโต-แอซเทกัน"] = "azc", ["ยูราลิก"] = "urj", ["ราชสถาน"] = "raj", ["รีวกีวอัน"] = "jpx-ryu", ["รีวกีวอันใต้"] = "jpx-sry", ["รีวกีวอันเหนือ"] = "jpx-nry", ["โรมานซ์"] = "roa", ["โรมานซ์ตะวันออก"] = "roa-eas", ["ลัมปุงกิก"] = "poz-lgx", ["ลูอิช"] = "sit-luu", ["เลคิติก"] = "zlw-lch", ["โลโล-เบอร์มีซ"] = "tbq-lob", ["โลโลอิช"] = "tbq-lol", ["โลโลอิชตะวันออกเฉียงใต้"] = "tbq-sel", ["โลโลอิชใต้"] = "tbq-slo", ["โลโลอิชเหนือ"] = "tbq-nlo", ["โลว์เจอร์แมน"] = "gmw-lgm", ["ไลอิก"] = "qfa-lic", ["วอลตา-คองโก"] = "nic-vco", ["วอลตา-ไนเจอร์"] = "alv-von", ["วาสโกนิก"] = "euq", ["เวียตติก"] = "mkh-vie", ["ไวนัค"] = "cau-vay", ["สแกนดิเนเวียนตะวันตก"] = "gmq-wes", ["สแกนดิเนเวียนตะวันออก"] = "gmq-eas", ["สลาวิก"] = "sla", ["สลาวิกตะวันตก"] = "zlw", ["สลาวิกตะวันออก"] = "zle", ["สลาวิกใต้"] = "zls", ["หมิ่น"] = "zhx-min", ["หมิ่นชายฝั่ง"] = "zhx-com", ["หมิ่นใต้"] = "zhx-nan", ["เหวินหม่า-ไทตะวันตกเฉียงใต้"] = "tai-wen", ["ออสโตรนีเซียน"] = "map", ["ออสโตรเอเชียติก"] = "aav", ["อออีล"] = "roa-oil", ["อานาโตเลียน"] = "ine-ana", ["อารบิก"] = "sem-arb", ["อาร์มีเนียน"] = "hyx", ["อิจิปเชียน"] = "egx", ["อิตาลิก"] = "itc", ["อิตาโล-แดลเมเชียน"] = "roa-itd", ["อินโด-ยูโรเปียน"] = "ine", ["อินโด-อารยัน"] = "inc", ["อินโด-อารยันกลาง"] = "inc-mid", ["อินโด-อารยันเก่า"] = "inc-old", ["อินโด-อารยันตอนกลาง"] = "inc-cen", ["อินโด-อารยันตะวันตก"] = "inc-wes", ["อินโด-อารยันตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือ"] = "inc-nwe", ["อินโด-อารยันตะวันออก"] = "inc-eas", ["อินโด-อารยันใต้"] = "inc-sou", ["อินโด-อารยันเหนือ"] = "inc-nor", ["อินโด-อิเรเนียน"] = "iir", ["อินุอิต"] = "esx-inu", ["อิเรเนียน"] = "ira", ["อิเรเนียนกลาง"] = "ira-mid", ["อิเรเนียนเก่า"] = "ira-old", ["อิเรเนียนตอนกลาง"] = "ira-cen", ["อิเรเนียนตะวันตก"] = "ira-wes", ["อิเรเนียนตะวันตกเฉียงใต้"] = "ira-swi", ["อิเรเนียนตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือ"] = "ira-nwi", ["อิเรเนียนตะวันออกเฉียงใต้"] = "ira-sei", ["อิเรเนียนตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ"] = "ira-nei", ["เอสกิโม"] = "esx-esk", ["แองกลิก"] = "gmw-ang", ["แองโกล-ฟรีเชียน"] = "gmw-afr", ["แอตแลนติก-คองโก"] = "alv", ["แอฟโฟรเอเชียติก"] = "afa", ["แอราเมอิก"] = "sem-ara", ["แอราเมอิกตะวันตก"] = "sem-arw", ["แอราเมอิกตะวันออก"] = "sem-are", ["แอราเมอิกตะวันออกเฉียงใต้"] = "sem-ase", ["แอลกองเคียน"] = "alg", ["แอลจิก"] = "aql", ["แอลเบเนียน"] = "sqj", ["โอคุซ"] = "trk-ogz", ["โอคูร์"] = "trk-ogr", ["โอเชียนิก"] = "poz-oce", ["โอเชียนิกตอนกลาง-ตะวันออก"] = "poz-occ", ["โอเชียนิกตะวันตก"] = "poz-ocw", ["โอเชียนิกใต้"] = "poz-ocs", ["ฮินดีตะวันตก"] = "inc-hiw", ["ฮินดีตะวันออก"] = "inc-hie", ["ฮินดูสตานี"] = "inc-hnd", ["เฮลเลนิก"] = "grk", ["ไฮเจอร์แมน"] = "gmw-hgm", } 7t7e8mfn2bmkc94f700z3jsx33q466c โคธา 0 327853 5753728 1657477 2026-08-02T08:11:13Z Jamnanja 16523 /* รากศัพท์ */ 5753728 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาไทย == === รากศัพท์ === {{bor+|th|pi|โคธา||ตะกวด, เหี้ย, แย้}} === การออกเสียง === {{th-pron|โค-ทา}} === คำนาม === {{th-noun|ตัว}} # {{lb|th|แบบ|สุภาพ}} [[เหี้ย]] je8uj0tmxil56jqrigdruk3szn605gh 5753729 5753728 2026-08-02T08:16:20Z Jamnanja 16523 /* ภาษาไทย */ 5753729 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาไทย == === รากศัพท์ === {{bor+|th|pi|โคธา||ตะกวด, เหี้ย}} === การออกเสียง === {{th-pron|โค-ทา}} === คำนาม === {{th-noun|ตัว}} # {{lb|th|แบบ|สุภาพ}} [[เหี้ย]] == ภาษาบาลี == === รูปแบบอื่น === {{pi-alt}} === รากศัพท์ === {{affix|pi|คุธฺ|-อ}}<ref>[https://dhamtara.com/?p=10743 โคธา (บาลีวันละคำ 3,078)]</ref>; เทียบ{{cog|sa|गोधा}} และ{{m|sa|गौधार}} === คำนาม === {{pi-noun|f}} # เหี้ย, [[ตะกวด]] ==== การผัน ==== {{pi-decl-noun|g=f}} === อ้างอิง === {{references}} 1j4t0fb0yieh9pplkcs57tug9yvcpo5 ᨿᩮᩡ 0 2326466 5753718 5714806 2026-08-02T03:22:47Z Ai Ku Karng 17824 /* ภาษาไทลื้อ */ 5753718 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาไทลื้อ == === คำกริยา === {{khb-verb}} # {{alternative form of|khb|ᦵᦍᦰ}} 854cl40dm8bp5lbynwh7py9z0b0nn9v โร๊ 0 2356091 5753634 5753404 2026-08-01T14:56:09Z Ai Ku Karng 17824 /* ภาษาแสก */ 5753634 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาแสก == === การออกเสียง === * {{IPA|skb|/roː⁴/|[roː˦˥˦]}} === รากศัพท์ === {{inh+|skb|tai-pro|*rawᴬ}}; ร่วมเชื้อสายกับ{{cog|th|เรา}}, {{cog|tts|เฮา}}, {{cog|nyw|เฮา}}, {{cog|lo|ເຮົາ}}, {{cog|nod|ᩁᩮᩢᩣ}}, {{cog|kkh|ᩁᩮᩢᩣ}}, {{cog|khb|ᦣᧁ}}, {{cog|blt|ꪹꪭꪱ}}, {{cog|shn|ႁဝ်း}}, {{cog|tdd|ᥞᥝᥰ}}, {{cog|aho|𑜍𑜧}}, {{m|aho|𑜍𑜈𑜫}} หรือ {{m|aho|𑜍𑜧𑜈𑜫}}, {{cog|za|raeuz}}, {{cog|pcc|rauz}} === คำสรรพนาม === {{skb-pronoun}} # [[เรา]], [[พวกเรา]] km4hvvhpo2iy7hvjw1eibwnu5jr1fz7 ผู้ใช้:OctraBot/กระบะทราย2 2 2356161 5753636 5753595 2026-08-01T15:21:12Z OctraBot 3198 5753636 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:S|WT:SCR|WT:SCRIPTS}} :''หน้านี้เกี่ยวกับระบบการเขียน สำหรับรายชื่อสคริปต์ของผู้ใช้ ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สคริปต์ผู้ใช้]]; สำหรับข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับการเขียนโปรแกรมในภาษาลูอา ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สกรีบุนโต]]'' :''สำหรับรายการรหัสอักษรทั้งหมด ดูที่ '''[[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' '''อักษร''' หรือ '''ระบบการเขียน''' คือกลุ่มของอักขระ 59fgxcawv8sjducbkc3w9vdov0v5jqs 5753637 5753636 2026-08-01T15:27:18Z OctraBot 3198 5753637 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:S|WT:SCR|WT:SCRIPTS}} :''หน้านี้เกี่ยวกับระบบการเขียน สำหรับรายชื่อสคริปต์ของผู้ใช้ ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สคริปต์ผู้ใช้]]; สำหรับข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับการเขียนโปรแกรมในภาษาลูอา ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สกรีบุนโต]]'' :''สำหรับรายการรหัสอักษรทั้งหมด ดูที่ '''[[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' '''อักษร''' หรือ '''ระบบการเขียน''' คือกลุ่มของอักขระ == ข้อกำหนด == ในวิกิพจนานุกรม แต่ละอักษรจะถูกระบุด้วย ''รหัส'' และ ''ชื่อ'' รหัสอักษรมาจาก {{w|ISO 15924}} ([[ภาคผนวก:ISO 15924|ภาคผนวก]], [http://www.unicode.org/iso15924/iso15924-codes.html unicode.org]) โดยมีการเพิ่มเติมบางส่วน ตัวอย่างเช่น: * {{code|Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ * {{code|Cyrl}}: อักษรซีริลลิก * {{code|Latn}}: อักษรละติน รหัสอักษรบางรหัสในวิกิพจนานุกรม (ที่ใช้สำหรับอักษรหลากหลายรูปแบบของภาษาต่าง ๆ) จะตั้งชื่อโดยการรวมรหัสอักษร ISO และรหัสภาษาของวิกิพจนานุกรมเข้าด้วยกัน * {{code|fa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาเปอร์เซีย) * {{code|ks-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาแคชเมียร์) * {{code|ota-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาตุรกีออตโตมัน) * {{code|pa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาปัญจาบ) * {{code|pjt-Latn}}: อักษรละติน (ของภาษาปีชันชาชารา) * {{code|ur-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาอูร์ดู) นอกจากนี้ยังมีรหัสที่มีชื่อพิเศษบางรหัส: * {{code|None}}: หมายถึงไม่มีการจัดรูปแบบใด ๆ เลย ใช้เป็นอักษร “ว่างเปล่า” หรือ “ไม่ทราบ” สำหรับภาษาที่ยังไม่ได้ระบุอักษรไว้ใน [[มอดูล:languages]] * {{code|Polyt}}: หมายถึงข้อความภาษากรีกโบราณ (ตรงข้ามกับสมัยใหม่) ซึ่งใช้เครื่องหมายกำกับเสียงหลายเสียง * {{code|Music}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญกรณ์ดนตรี * {{code|Morse}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์รหัสมอร์ส * {{code|Semap}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์สัญญาณธง * {{code|Ipach}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวอักษรจากอักษรเสียงสากล (IPA) * {{code|Rumin}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวเลขรูมี (ดู {{w|Rumi Numeral Symbols}}) '''รายการรหัสอักษรที่วิกิพจนานุกรมรับรองทั้งหมดสามารถดูได้ที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' dqx8hy8s7n9nhrystjl678nkup2w5w7 5753638 5753637 2026-08-01T15:28:07Z OctraBot 3198 /* ข้อกำหนด */ 5753638 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:S|WT:SCR|WT:SCRIPTS}} :''หน้านี้เกี่ยวกับระบบการเขียน สำหรับรายชื่อสคริปต์ของผู้ใช้ ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สคริปต์ผู้ใช้]]; สำหรับข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับการเขียนโปรแกรมในภาษาลูอา ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สกรีบุนโต]]'' :''สำหรับรายการรหัสอักษรทั้งหมด ดูที่ '''[[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' '''อักษร''' หรือ '''ระบบการเขียน''' คือกลุ่มของอักขระ == ข้อกำหนด == ในวิกิพจนานุกรม แต่ละอักษรจะถูกระบุด้วย ''รหัส'' และ ''ชื่อ'' รหัสอักษรมาจาก {{w|ISO 15924}} ([[ภาคผนวก:ISO 15924|ภาคผนวก]], [http://www.unicode.org/iso15924/iso15924-codes.html unicode.org]) โดยมีการเพิ่มเติมบางส่วน ตัวอย่างเช่น: * {{code|Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ * {{code|Cyrl}}: อักษรซีริลลิก * {{code|Latn}}: อักษรละติน รหัสอักษรบางรหัสในวิกิพจนานุกรม (ที่ใช้สำหรับอักษรหลากหลายรูปแบบของภาษาต่าง ๆ) จะตั้งชื่อโดยการรวมรหัสอักษร ISO และรหัสภาษาของวิกิพจนานุกรมเข้าด้วยกัน * {{code|fa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาเปอร์เซีย) * {{code|ks-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาแคชเมียร์) * {{code|ota-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาตุรกีแบบออตโตมัน) * {{code|pa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาปัญจาบ) * {{code|pjt-Latn}}: อักษรละติน (ของภาษาปีชันชาชารา) * {{code|ur-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาอูร์ดู) นอกจากนี้ยังมีรหัสที่มีชื่อพิเศษบางรหัส: * {{code|None}}: หมายถึงไม่มีการจัดรูปแบบใด ๆ เลย ใช้เป็นอักษร “ว่างเปล่า” หรือ “ไม่ทราบ” สำหรับภาษาที่ยังไม่ได้ระบุอักษรไว้ใน [[มอดูล:languages]] * {{code|Polyt}}: หมายถึงข้อความภาษากรีกโบราณ (ตรงข้ามกับสมัยใหม่) ซึ่งใช้เครื่องหมายกำกับเสียงหลายเสียง * {{code|Music}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญกรณ์ดนตรี * {{code|Morse}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์รหัสมอร์ส * {{code|Semap}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์สัญญาณธง * {{code|Ipach}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวอักษรจากอักษรเสียงสากล (IPA) * {{code|Rumin}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวเลขรูมี (ดู {{w|Rumi Numeral Symbols}}) '''รายการรหัสอักษรที่วิกิพจนานุกรมรับรองทั้งหมดสามารถดูได้ที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' mhh240is3m0xbwx16msgs6jpe6dhx5a 5753639 5753638 2026-08-01T15:28:51Z OctraBot 3198 5753639 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:S|WT:SCR|WT:SCRIPTS}} :''หน้านี้เกี่ยวกับระบบการเขียน สำหรับรายชื่อสคริปต์ของผู้ใช้ ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สคริปต์ผู้ใช้]]; สำหรับข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับการเขียนโปรแกรมในภาษาลูอา ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สกรีบุนโต]]'' :''สำหรับรายการรหัสอักษรทั้งหมด ดูที่ '''[[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' '''อักษร''' หรือ '''ระบบการเขียน''' คือกลุ่มของอักขระ == ข้อกำหนด == ในวิกิพจนานุกรม แต่ละอักษรจะถูกระบุด้วย ''รหัส'' และ ''ชื่อ'' รหัสอักษรมาจาก {{w|ISO 15924}} ([[ภาคผนวก:ISO 15924|ภาคผนวก]], [http://www.unicode.org/iso15924/iso15924-codes.html unicode.org]) โดยมีการเพิ่มเติมบางส่วน ตัวอย่างเช่น: * {{code|Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ * {{code|Cyrl}}: อักษรซีริลลิก * {{code|Latn}}: อักษรละติน รหัสอักษรบางรหัสในวิกิพจนานุกรม (ที่ใช้สำหรับอักษรหลากหลายรูปแบบของภาษาต่าง ๆ) จะตั้งชื่อโดยการรวมรหัสอักษร ISO และรหัสภาษาของวิกิพจนานุกรมเข้าด้วยกัน * {{code|fa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาเปอร์เซีย) * {{code|ks-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาแคชเมียร์) * {{code|ota-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาตุรกีแบบออตโตมัน) * {{code|pa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาปัญจาบ) * {{code|pjt-Latn}}: อักษรละติน (ของภาษาปีชันชาชารา) * {{code|ur-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาอูร์ดู) นอกจากนี้ยังมีรหัสที่มีชื่อพิเศษบางรหัส: * {{code|None}}: หมายถึงไม่มีการจัดรูปแบบใด ๆ เลย ใช้เป็นอักษร “ว่างเปล่า” หรือ “ไม่ทราบ” สำหรับภาษาที่ยังไม่ได้ระบุอักษรไว้ใน [[มอดูล:languages]] * {{code|Polyt}}: หมายถึงข้อความภาษากรีกโบราณ (ตรงข้ามกับสมัยใหม่) ซึ่งใช้เครื่องหมายกำกับเสียงหลายเสียง * {{code|Music}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญกรณ์ดนตรี * {{code|Morse}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์รหัสมอร์ส * {{code|Semap}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์สัญญาณธง * {{code|Ipach}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวอักษรจากสัทอักษรสากล (IPA) * {{code|Rumin}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวเลขรูมี (ดู {{w|Rumi Numeral Symbols}}) '''รายการรหัสอักษรที่วิกิพจนานุกรมรับรองทั้งหมดสามารถดูได้ที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' 1fy0tikudkow72vc81qygus5fylb9ux 5753640 5753639 2026-08-01T15:34:22Z OctraBot 3198 5753640 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:S|WT:SCR|WT:SCRIPTS}} :''หน้านี้เกี่ยวกับระบบการเขียน สำหรับรายชื่อสคริปต์ของผู้ใช้ ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สคริปต์ผู้ใช้]]; สำหรับข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับการเขียนโปรแกรมในภาษาลูอา ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สกรีบุนโต]]'' :''สำหรับรายการรหัสอักษรทั้งหมด ดูที่ '''[[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' '''อักษร''' หรือ '''ระบบการเขียน''' คือกลุ่มของอักขระ == ข้อกำหนด == ในวิกิพจนานุกรม แต่ละอักษรจะถูกระบุด้วย ''รหัส'' และ ''ชื่อ'' รหัสอักษรมาจาก {{w|ISO 15924}} ([[ภาคผนวก:ISO 15924|ภาคผนวก]], [http://www.unicode.org/iso15924/iso15924-codes.html unicode.org]) โดยมีการเพิ่มเติมบางส่วน ตัวอย่างเช่น: * {{code|Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ * {{code|Cyrl}}: อักษรซีริลลิก * {{code|Latn}}: อักษรละติน รหัสอักษรบางรหัสในวิกิพจนานุกรม (ที่ใช้สำหรับอักษรหลากหลายรูปแบบของภาษาต่าง ๆ) จะตั้งชื่อโดยการรวมรหัสอักษร ISO และรหัสภาษาของวิกิพจนานุกรมเข้าด้วยกัน * {{code|fa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาเปอร์เซีย) * {{code|ks-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาแคชเมียร์) * {{code|ota-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาตุรกีแบบออตโตมัน) * {{code|pa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาปัญจาบ) * {{code|pjt-Latn}}: อักษรละติน (ของภาษาปีชันชาชารา) * {{code|ur-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาอูร์ดู) นอกจากนี้ยังมีรหัสที่มีชื่อพิเศษบางรหัส: * {{code|None}}: หมายถึงไม่มีการจัดรูปแบบใด ๆ เลย ใช้เป็นอักษร “ว่างเปล่า” หรือ “ไม่ทราบ” สำหรับภาษาที่ยังไม่ได้ระบุอักษรไว้ใน [[มอดูล:languages]] * {{code|Polyt}}: หมายถึงข้อความภาษากรีกโบราณ (ตรงข้ามกับสมัยใหม่) ซึ่งใช้เครื่องหมายกำกับเสียงหลายเสียง * {{code|Music}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญกรณ์ดนตรี * {{code|Morse}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์รหัสมอร์ส * {{code|Semap}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์สัญญาณธง * {{code|Ipach}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวอักษรจากสัทอักษรสากล (IPA) * {{code|Rumin}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวเลขรูมี (ดู {{w|Rumi Numeral Symbols}}) '''รายการรหัสอักษรที่วิกิพจนานุกรมรับรองทั้งหมดสามารถดูได้ที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' == หน้าที่ == === โครงสร้าง === ตาม [[WT:CFI|เกณฑ์การรวม]] ของเรา วิกิพจนานุกรมซึ่งเป็นพจนานุกรมของคำศัพท์ทุกคำในทุกภาษา จึงมีคำจำกัดความสำหรับตัวอักษรแต่ละตัว ดังนั้นเราจึงจำเป็นต้องทราบว่าตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นอยู่ในอักษรใด ความรู้นี้ยังช่วยในการจัดระเบียบตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นโดยการจัดหมวดหมู่และอธิบายเพิ่มเติมในภาคผนวก อักษรต่าง ๆ ถูกกำหนดไว้ใน [[มอดูล:scripts/data]] === การจัดรูปแบบ === นอกจากนี้ ข้อความบางส่วนอาจได้รับการจัดรูปแบบตามอักษรที่ใช้ โดยใช้แท็ก HTML span ครอบไว้ ในทางทฤษฎีแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์ควรจัดการการจัดรูปแบบโดยอัตโนมัติ แต่ในทางปฏิบัติแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์มักทำได้ไม่ดีนัก ดังนั้น การจัดรูปแบบ (ทิศทางข้อความ ตระกูลฟอนต์ หรือขนาดฟอนต์) จึงถูกควบคุมโดยการใช้แอตทริบิวต์คลาส HTML (ซึ่งสามารถใช้ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความโดยใช้ [[มีเดียวิกิ:Common.css|สไตล์ชีตแบบเรียงซ้อนส่วนกลาง (CSS)]], [[วิธีใช้:สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้|สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้]] ของผู้แก้ไขที่ลงทะเบียน หรือสไตล์ชีตของผู้ใช้ของเว็บเบราว์เซอร์) หรือแอตทริบิวต์สไตล์แบบอินไลน์ 1dhglyvlokk4235v5p7501xub46kyg0 5753641 5753640 2026-08-01T15:35:05Z OctraBot 3198 /* การจัดรูปแบบ */ 5753641 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:S|WT:SCR|WT:SCRIPTS}} :''หน้านี้เกี่ยวกับระบบการเขียน สำหรับรายชื่อสคริปต์ของผู้ใช้ ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สคริปต์ผู้ใช้]]; สำหรับข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับการเขียนโปรแกรมในภาษาลูอา ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สกรีบุนโต]]'' :''สำหรับรายการรหัสอักษรทั้งหมด ดูที่ '''[[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' '''อักษร''' หรือ '''ระบบการเขียน''' คือกลุ่มของอักขระ == ข้อกำหนด == ในวิกิพจนานุกรม แต่ละอักษรจะถูกระบุด้วย ''รหัส'' และ ''ชื่อ'' รหัสอักษรมาจาก {{w|ISO 15924}} ([[ภาคผนวก:ISO 15924|ภาคผนวก]], [http://www.unicode.org/iso15924/iso15924-codes.html unicode.org]) โดยมีการเพิ่มเติมบางส่วน ตัวอย่างเช่น: * {{code|Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ * {{code|Cyrl}}: อักษรซีริลลิก * {{code|Latn}}: อักษรละติน รหัสอักษรบางรหัสในวิกิพจนานุกรม (ที่ใช้สำหรับอักษรหลากหลายรูปแบบของภาษาต่าง ๆ) จะตั้งชื่อโดยการรวมรหัสอักษร ISO และรหัสภาษาของวิกิพจนานุกรมเข้าด้วยกัน * {{code|fa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาเปอร์เซีย) * {{code|ks-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาแคชเมียร์) * {{code|ota-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาตุรกีแบบออตโตมัน) * {{code|pa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาปัญจาบ) * {{code|pjt-Latn}}: อักษรละติน (ของภาษาปีชันชาชารา) * {{code|ur-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาอูร์ดู) นอกจากนี้ยังมีรหัสที่มีชื่อพิเศษบางรหัส: * {{code|None}}: หมายถึงไม่มีการจัดรูปแบบใด ๆ เลย ใช้เป็นอักษร “ว่างเปล่า” หรือ “ไม่ทราบ” สำหรับภาษาที่ยังไม่ได้ระบุอักษรไว้ใน [[มอดูล:languages]] * {{code|Polyt}}: หมายถึงข้อความภาษากรีกโบราณ (ตรงข้ามกับสมัยใหม่) ซึ่งใช้เครื่องหมายกำกับเสียงหลายเสียง * {{code|Music}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญกรณ์ดนตรี * {{code|Morse}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์รหัสมอร์ส * {{code|Semap}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์สัญญาณธง * {{code|Ipach}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวอักษรจากสัทอักษรสากล (IPA) * {{code|Rumin}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวเลขรูมี (ดู {{w|Rumi Numeral Symbols}}) '''รายการรหัสอักษรที่วิกิพจนานุกรมรับรองทั้งหมดสามารถดูได้ที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' == หน้าที่ == === โครงสร้าง === ตาม [[WT:CFI|เกณฑ์การรวม]] ของเรา วิกิพจนานุกรมซึ่งเป็นพจนานุกรมของคำศัพท์ทุกคำในทุกภาษา จึงมีคำจำกัดความสำหรับตัวอักษรแต่ละตัว ดังนั้นเราจึงจำเป็นต้องทราบว่าตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นอยู่ในอักษรใด ความรู้นี้ยังช่วยในการจัดระเบียบตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นโดยการจัดหมวดหมู่และอธิบายเพิ่มเติมในภาคผนวก อักษรต่าง ๆ ถูกกำหนดไว้ใน [[มอดูล:scripts/data]] === การจัดรูปแบบ === นอกจากนี้ ข้อความบางส่วนอาจได้รับการจัดรูปแบบตามอักษรที่ใช้ โดยใช้แท็ก HTML span ครอบไว้ ในทางทฤษฎีแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์ควรจัดการการจัดรูปแบบโดยอัตโนมัติ แต่ในทางปฏิบัติแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์มักทำได้ไม่ดีนัก ดังนั้น การจัดรูปแบบ (ทิศทางข้อความ ตระกูลฟอนต์ หรือขนาดฟอนต์) จึงถูกควบคุมโดยการใช้แอตทริบิวต์ class ของ HTML (ซึ่งสามารถใช้ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความโดยใช้ [[มีเดียวิกิ:Common.css|สไตล์ชีตแบบเรียงซ้อนส่วนกลาง (CSS)]], [[วิธีใช้:สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้|สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้]] ของผู้แก้ไขที่ลงทะเบียน หรือสไตล์ชีตของผู้ใช้ของเว็บเบราว์เซอร์) หรือแอตทริบิวต์สไตล์แบบอินไลน์ jupsgebe1bvrg8pc2hq3zl84ivzpmjv 5753642 5753641 2026-08-01T15:35:47Z OctraBot 3198 /* โครงสร้าง */ 5753642 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:S|WT:SCR|WT:SCRIPTS}} :''หน้านี้เกี่ยวกับระบบการเขียน สำหรับรายชื่อสคริปต์ของผู้ใช้ ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สคริปต์ผู้ใช้]]; สำหรับข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับการเขียนโปรแกรมในภาษาลูอา ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สกรีบุนโต]]'' :''สำหรับรายการรหัสอักษรทั้งหมด ดูที่ '''[[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' '''อักษร''' หรือ '''ระบบการเขียน''' คือกลุ่มของอักขระ == ข้อกำหนด == ในวิกิพจนานุกรม แต่ละอักษรจะถูกระบุด้วย ''รหัส'' และ ''ชื่อ'' รหัสอักษรมาจาก {{w|ISO 15924}} ([[ภาคผนวก:ISO 15924|ภาคผนวก]], [http://www.unicode.org/iso15924/iso15924-codes.html unicode.org]) โดยมีการเพิ่มเติมบางส่วน ตัวอย่างเช่น: * {{code|Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ * {{code|Cyrl}}: อักษรซีริลลิก * {{code|Latn}}: อักษรละติน รหัสอักษรบางรหัสในวิกิพจนานุกรม (ที่ใช้สำหรับอักษรหลากหลายรูปแบบของภาษาต่าง ๆ) จะตั้งชื่อโดยการรวมรหัสอักษร ISO และรหัสภาษาของวิกิพจนานุกรมเข้าด้วยกัน * {{code|fa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาเปอร์เซีย) * {{code|ks-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาแคชเมียร์) * {{code|ota-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาตุรกีแบบออตโตมัน) * {{code|pa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาปัญจาบ) * {{code|pjt-Latn}}: อักษรละติน (ของภาษาปีชันชาชารา) * {{code|ur-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาอูร์ดู) นอกจากนี้ยังมีรหัสที่มีชื่อพิเศษบางรหัส: * {{code|None}}: หมายถึงไม่มีการจัดรูปแบบใด ๆ เลย ใช้เป็นอักษร “ว่างเปล่า” หรือ “ไม่ทราบ” สำหรับภาษาที่ยังไม่ได้ระบุอักษรไว้ใน [[มอดูล:languages]] * {{code|Polyt}}: หมายถึงข้อความภาษากรีกโบราณ (ตรงข้ามกับสมัยใหม่) ซึ่งใช้เครื่องหมายกำกับเสียงหลายเสียง * {{code|Music}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญกรณ์ดนตรี * {{code|Morse}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์รหัสมอร์ส * {{code|Semap}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์สัญญาณธง * {{code|Ipach}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวอักษรจากสัทอักษรสากล (IPA) * {{code|Rumin}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวเลขรูมี (ดู {{w|Rumi Numeral Symbols}}) '''รายการรหัสอักษรที่วิกิพจนานุกรมรับรองทั้งหมดสามารถดูได้ที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' == หน้าที่ == === โครงสร้าง === ตาม [[WT:CFI|เกณฑ์การรวม]] ของเรา วิกิพจนานุกรมซึ่งเป็นพจนานุกรมของคำศัพท์ทุกคำในทุกภาษา จึงมีคำจำกัดความสำหรับตัวอักษรแต่ละตัว ดังนั้นเราจึงจำเป็นต้องทราบว่าตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นเป็นอักษรชนิดใด ความรู้นี้ยังช่วยในการจัดระเบียบตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นโดยการจัดหมวดหมู่และอธิบายเพิ่มเติมในภาคผนวก อักษรต่าง ๆ ถูกกำหนดไว้ใน [[มอดูล:scripts/data]] === การจัดรูปแบบ === นอกจากนี้ ข้อความบางส่วนอาจได้รับการจัดรูปแบบตามอักษรที่ใช้ โดยใช้แท็ก HTML span ครอบไว้ ในทางทฤษฎีแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์ควรจัดการการจัดรูปแบบโดยอัตโนมัติ แต่ในทางปฏิบัติแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์มักทำได้ไม่ดีนัก ดังนั้น การจัดรูปแบบ (ทิศทางข้อความ ตระกูลฟอนต์ หรือขนาดฟอนต์) จึงถูกควบคุมโดยการใช้แอตทริบิวต์ class ของ HTML (ซึ่งสามารถใช้ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความโดยใช้ [[มีเดียวิกิ:Common.css|สไตล์ชีตแบบเรียงซ้อนส่วนกลาง (CSS)]], [[วิธีใช้:สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้|สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้]] ของผู้แก้ไขที่ลงทะเบียน หรือสไตล์ชีตของผู้ใช้ของเว็บเบราว์เซอร์) หรือแอตทริบิวต์สไตล์แบบอินไลน์ ekpona3rzjsu0173tjidlq3tfgz4ps1 5753643 5753642 2026-08-01T15:40:32Z OctraBot 3198 5753643 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:S|WT:SCR|WT:SCRIPTS}} :''หน้านี้เกี่ยวกับระบบการเขียน สำหรับรายชื่อสคริปต์ของผู้ใช้ ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สคริปต์ผู้ใช้]]; สำหรับข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับการเขียนโปรแกรมในภาษาลูอา ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สกรีบุนโต]]'' :''สำหรับรายการรหัสอักษรทั้งหมด ดูที่ '''[[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' '''อักษร''' หรือ '''ระบบการเขียน''' คือกลุ่มของอักขระ == ข้อกำหนด == ในวิกิพจนานุกรม แต่ละอักษรจะถูกระบุด้วย ''รหัส'' และ ''ชื่อ'' รหัสอักษรมาจาก {{w|ISO 15924}} ([[ภาคผนวก:ISO 15924|ภาคผนวก]], [http://www.unicode.org/iso15924/iso15924-codes.html unicode.org]) โดยมีการเพิ่มเติมบางส่วน ตัวอย่างเช่น: * {{code|Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ * {{code|Cyrl}}: อักษรซีริลลิก * {{code|Latn}}: อักษรละติน รหัสอักษรบางรหัสในวิกิพจนานุกรม (ที่ใช้สำหรับอักษรหลากหลายรูปแบบของภาษาต่าง ๆ) จะตั้งชื่อโดยการรวมรหัสอักษร ISO และรหัสภาษาของวิกิพจนานุกรมเข้าด้วยกัน * {{code|fa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาเปอร์เซีย) * {{code|ks-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาแคชเมียร์) * {{code|ota-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาตุรกีแบบออตโตมัน) * {{code|pa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาปัญจาบ) * {{code|pjt-Latn}}: อักษรละติน (ของภาษาปีชันชาชารา) * {{code|ur-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาอูร์ดู) นอกจากนี้ยังมีรหัสที่มีชื่อพิเศษบางรหัส: * {{code|None}}: หมายถึงไม่มีการจัดรูปแบบใด ๆ เลย ใช้เป็นอักษร “ว่างเปล่า” หรือ “ไม่ทราบ” สำหรับภาษาที่ยังไม่ได้ระบุอักษรไว้ใน [[มอดูล:languages]] * {{code|Polyt}}: หมายถึงข้อความภาษากรีกโบราณ (ตรงข้ามกับสมัยใหม่) ซึ่งใช้เครื่องหมายกำกับเสียงหลายเสียง * {{code|Music}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญกรณ์ดนตรี * {{code|Morse}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์รหัสมอร์ส * {{code|Semap}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์สัญญาณธง * {{code|Ipach}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวอักษรจากสัทอักษรสากล (IPA) * {{code|Rumin}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวเลขรูมี (ดู {{w|Rumi Numeral Symbols}}) '''รายการรหัสอักษรที่วิกิพจนานุกรมรับรองทั้งหมดสามารถดูได้ที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' == หน้าที่ == === โครงสร้าง === ตาม [[WT:CFI|เกณฑ์การรวม]] ของเรา วิกิพจนานุกรมซึ่งเป็นพจนานุกรมของคำศัพท์ทุกคำในทุกภาษา จึงมีคำจำกัดความสำหรับตัวอักษรแต่ละตัว ดังนั้นเราจึงจำเป็นต้องทราบว่าตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นเป็นอักษรชนิดใด ความรู้นี้ยังช่วยในการจัดระเบียบตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นโดยการจัดหมวดหมู่และอธิบายเพิ่มเติมในภาคผนวก อักษรต่าง ๆ ถูกกำหนดไว้ใน [[มอดูล:scripts/data]] === การจัดรูปแบบ === นอกจากนี้ ข้อความบางส่วนอาจได้รับการจัดรูปแบบตามอักษรที่ใช้ โดยใช้แท็ก HTML span ครอบไว้ ในทางทฤษฎีแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์ควรจัดการการจัดรูปแบบโดยอัตโนมัติ แต่ในทางปฏิบัติแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์มักทำได้ไม่ดีนัก ดังนั้น การจัดรูปแบบ (ทิศทางข้อความ ตระกูลฟอนต์ หรือขนาดฟอนต์) จึงถูกควบคุมโดยการใช้แอตทริบิวต์ class ของ HTML (ซึ่งสามารถใช้ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความโดยใช้ [[มีเดียวิกิ:Common.css|สไตล์ชีตแบบเรียงซ้อนส่วนกลาง (CSS)]], [[วิธีใช้:สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้|สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้]] ของผู้แก้ไขที่ลงทะเบียน หรือสไตล์ชีตของผู้ใช้ของเว็บเบราว์เซอร์) หรือแอตทริบิวต์สไตล์แบบอินไลน์ == การใช้อักษรกับข้อความ == เพื่อวัตถุประสงค์ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความ มีแม่แบบ {{temp|lang}} ซึ่งทำหน้าที่เป็นตัวห่อหุ้มสำหรับข้อกำหนดการจัดรูปแบบที่กำหนดไว้ล่วงหน้า เป็นแม่แบบ “พื้นฐาน” ที่ใช้เฉพาะการจัดรูปแบบเฉพาะภาษาและอักษรเท่านั้น แต่ไม่ได้ทำอะไรอย่างอื่น สามารถใช้ในสถานการณ์ที่ต้องการเขียนข้อความที่ไม่ใช่อักษรละตินโดยทั่วไป แม่แบบนี้รับพารามิเตอร์รหัสภาษาที่จำเป็นและข้อความที่จะห่อหุ้ม พารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} ที่เป็นตัวเลือกใช้เพื่อแทนที่อักษรที่ตรวจพบโดยอัตโนมัติหากจำเป็น พารามิเตอร์ {{para|face}} สามารถใช้เพื่อใช้สไตล์เฉพาะกับข้อความ ซึ่งสามารถเป็น {{code|term}}, {{code|head}}, {{code|bold}} หรือว่างเปล่าสำหรับข้อความปกติ ซึ่งช่วยให้สามารถใช้เอฟเฟกต์ตัวเอนและตัวหนาเฉพาะอักษรนั้น พร้อมการจัดรูปแบบที่เหมาะสมกับข้อกำหนดของอักษรนั้น ๆ รวมถึงเพื่อเพิ่มความอ่านง่าย 8j54aw8h22y8u3vyc95eo8sd5jmolc9 5753644 5753643 2026-08-01T15:41:43Z OctraBot 3198 /* การใช้อักษรกับข้อความ */ 5753644 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:S|WT:SCR|WT:SCRIPTS}} :''หน้านี้เกี่ยวกับระบบการเขียน สำหรับรายชื่อสคริปต์ของผู้ใช้ ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สคริปต์ผู้ใช้]]; สำหรับข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับการเขียนโปรแกรมในภาษาลูอา ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สกรีบุนโต]]'' :''สำหรับรายการรหัสอักษรทั้งหมด ดูที่ '''[[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' '''อักษร''' หรือ '''ระบบการเขียน''' คือกลุ่มของอักขระ == ข้อกำหนด == ในวิกิพจนานุกรม แต่ละอักษรจะถูกระบุด้วย ''รหัส'' และ ''ชื่อ'' รหัสอักษรมาจาก {{w|ISO 15924}} ([[ภาคผนวก:ISO 15924|ภาคผนวก]], [http://www.unicode.org/iso15924/iso15924-codes.html unicode.org]) โดยมีการเพิ่มเติมบางส่วน ตัวอย่างเช่น: * {{code|Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ * {{code|Cyrl}}: อักษรซีริลลิก * {{code|Latn}}: อักษรละติน รหัสอักษรบางรหัสในวิกิพจนานุกรม (ที่ใช้สำหรับอักษรหลากหลายรูปแบบของภาษาต่าง ๆ) จะตั้งชื่อโดยการรวมรหัสอักษร ISO และรหัสภาษาของวิกิพจนานุกรมเข้าด้วยกัน * {{code|fa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาเปอร์เซีย) * {{code|ks-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาแคชเมียร์) * {{code|ota-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาตุรกีแบบออตโตมัน) * {{code|pa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาปัญจาบ) * {{code|pjt-Latn}}: อักษรละติน (ของภาษาปีชันชาชารา) * {{code|ur-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาอูร์ดู) นอกจากนี้ยังมีรหัสที่มีชื่อพิเศษบางรหัส: * {{code|None}}: หมายถึงไม่มีการจัดรูปแบบใด ๆ เลย ใช้เป็นอักษร “ว่างเปล่า” หรือ “ไม่ทราบ” สำหรับภาษาที่ยังไม่ได้ระบุอักษรไว้ใน [[มอดูล:languages]] * {{code|Polyt}}: หมายถึงข้อความภาษากรีกโบราณ (ตรงข้ามกับสมัยใหม่) ซึ่งใช้เครื่องหมายกำกับเสียงหลายเสียง * {{code|Music}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญกรณ์ดนตรี * {{code|Morse}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์รหัสมอร์ส * {{code|Semap}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์สัญญาณธง * {{code|Ipach}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวอักษรจากสัทอักษรสากล (IPA) * {{code|Rumin}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวเลขรูมี (ดู {{w|Rumi Numeral Symbols}}) '''รายการรหัสอักษรที่วิกิพจนานุกรมรับรองทั้งหมดสามารถดูได้ที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' == หน้าที่ == === โครงสร้าง === ตาม [[WT:CFI|เกณฑ์การรวม]] ของเรา วิกิพจนานุกรมซึ่งเป็นพจนานุกรมของคำศัพท์ทุกคำในทุกภาษา จึงมีคำจำกัดความสำหรับตัวอักษรแต่ละตัว ดังนั้นเราจึงจำเป็นต้องทราบว่าตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นเป็นอักษรชนิดใด ความรู้นี้ยังช่วยในการจัดระเบียบตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นโดยการจัดหมวดหมู่และอธิบายเพิ่มเติมในภาคผนวก อักษรต่าง ๆ ถูกกำหนดไว้ใน [[มอดูล:scripts/data]] === การจัดรูปแบบ === นอกจากนี้ ข้อความบางส่วนอาจได้รับการจัดรูปแบบตามอักษรที่ใช้ โดยใช้แท็ก HTML span ครอบไว้ ในทางทฤษฎีแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์ควรจัดการการจัดรูปแบบโดยอัตโนมัติ แต่ในทางปฏิบัติแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์มักทำได้ไม่ดีนัก ดังนั้น การจัดรูปแบบ (ทิศทางข้อความ ตระกูลฟอนต์ หรือขนาดฟอนต์) จึงถูกควบคุมโดยการใช้แอตทริบิวต์ class ของ HTML (ซึ่งสามารถใช้ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความโดยใช้ [[มีเดียวิกิ:Common.css|สไตล์ชีตแบบเรียงซ้อนส่วนกลาง (CSS)]], [[วิธีใช้:สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้|สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้]] ของผู้แก้ไขที่ลงทะเบียน หรือสไตล์ชีตของผู้ใช้ของเว็บเบราว์เซอร์) หรือแอตทริบิวต์สไตล์แบบอินไลน์ == การใช้อักษรกับข้อความ == เพื่อวัตถุประสงค์ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความ มีแม่แบบ {{temp|lang}} ซึ่งทำหน้าที่เป็นตัวห่อหุ้มสำหรับข้อกำหนดการจัดรูปแบบที่กำหนดไว้ล่วงหน้า เป็นแม่แบบ “พื้นฐาน” ที่ใช้เฉพาะการจัดรูปแบบเฉพาะภาษาและอักษรเท่านั้น แต่ไม่ได้ทำอะไรอย่างอื่น สามารถใช้ในสถานการณ์ที่ต้องการเขียนข้อความที่ไม่ใช่อักษรละตินโดยทั่วไป แม่แบบนี้รับพารามิเตอร์รหัสภาษาที่จำเป็นและข้อความที่จะห่อหุ้ม พารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} ที่เป็นตัวเลือกใช้เพื่อแทนที่อักษรที่ตรวจพบโดยอัตโนมัติหากจำเป็น พารามิเตอร์ {{para|face}} สามารถใช้เพื่อใช้สไตล์เฉพาะกับข้อความ ซึ่งสามารถเป็น {{code|term}}, {{code|head}}, {{code|bold}} หรือว่างเปล่าสำหรับข้อความปกติ ซึ่งช่วยให้สามารถใช้เอฟเฟกต์ตัวเอนและตัวหนาเฉพาะอักษรนั้น พร้อมการจัดรูปแบบที่เหมาะสมกับข้อกำหนดของอักษรนั้น ๆ รวมถึงเพื่อเพิ่มความอ่านง่าย แม่แบบส่วนใหญ่ที่แสดงข้อความที่ไม่ใช่ภาษาอังกฤษก็จะมีพารามิเตอร์ภาษา และพารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} เพื่อแทนที่อักษรที่ตรวจจับโดยอัตโนมัติ ซึ่งรวมถึงแม่แบบที่ใช้กันอย่างแพร่หลาย เช่น {{temp|l}}, {{temp|m}}, {{temp|t}}, {{temp|head}} และ {{temp|form of}}: * {{temp|lang|sh|вријеме|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{lang|sh|вријеме|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|m|sh|вријеме|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{m|sh|вријеме|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|head|sh|noun|g{{=}}n|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{head|head=вријеме|sh|noun|g=n|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|t|sh|вријеме|n|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{t|sh|вријеме|n|sc=Cyrl}} 57ujeuewo7806dbjqd9kneh74opf8xs 5753645 5753644 2026-08-01T15:42:09Z OctraBot 3198 /* การใช้อักษรกับข้อความ */ 5753645 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:S|WT:SCR|WT:SCRIPTS}} :''หน้านี้เกี่ยวกับระบบการเขียน สำหรับรายชื่อสคริปต์ของผู้ใช้ ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สคริปต์ผู้ใช้]]; สำหรับข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับการเขียนโปรแกรมในภาษาลูอา ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สกรีบุนโต]]'' :''สำหรับรายการรหัสอักษรทั้งหมด ดูที่ '''[[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' '''อักษร''' หรือ '''ระบบการเขียน''' คือกลุ่มของอักขระ == ข้อกำหนด == ในวิกิพจนานุกรม แต่ละอักษรจะถูกระบุด้วย ''รหัส'' และ ''ชื่อ'' รหัสอักษรมาจาก {{w|ISO 15924}} ([[ภาคผนวก:ISO 15924|ภาคผนวก]], [http://www.unicode.org/iso15924/iso15924-codes.html unicode.org]) โดยมีการเพิ่มเติมบางส่วน ตัวอย่างเช่น: * {{code|Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ * {{code|Cyrl}}: อักษรซีริลลิก * {{code|Latn}}: อักษรละติน รหัสอักษรบางรหัสในวิกิพจนานุกรม (ที่ใช้สำหรับอักษรหลากหลายรูปแบบของภาษาต่าง ๆ) จะตั้งชื่อโดยการรวมรหัสอักษร ISO และรหัสภาษาของวิกิพจนานุกรมเข้าด้วยกัน * {{code|fa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาเปอร์เซีย) * {{code|ks-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาแคชเมียร์) * {{code|ota-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาตุรกีแบบออตโตมัน) * {{code|pa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาปัญจาบ) * {{code|pjt-Latn}}: อักษรละติน (ของภาษาปีชันชาชารา) * {{code|ur-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาอูร์ดู) นอกจากนี้ยังมีรหัสที่มีชื่อพิเศษบางรหัส: * {{code|None}}: หมายถึงไม่มีการจัดรูปแบบใด ๆ เลย ใช้เป็นอักษร “ว่างเปล่า” หรือ “ไม่ทราบ” สำหรับภาษาที่ยังไม่ได้ระบุอักษรไว้ใน [[มอดูล:languages]] * {{code|Polyt}}: หมายถึงข้อความภาษากรีกโบราณ (ตรงข้ามกับสมัยใหม่) ซึ่งใช้เครื่องหมายกำกับเสียงหลายเสียง * {{code|Music}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญกรณ์ดนตรี * {{code|Morse}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์รหัสมอร์ส * {{code|Semap}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์สัญญาณธง * {{code|Ipach}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวอักษรจากสัทอักษรสากล (IPA) * {{code|Rumin}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวเลขรูมี (ดู {{w|Rumi Numeral Symbols}}) '''รายการรหัสอักษรที่วิกิพจนานุกรมรับรองทั้งหมดสามารถดูได้ที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' == หน้าที่ == === โครงสร้าง === ตาม [[WT:CFI|เกณฑ์การรวม]] ของเรา วิกิพจนานุกรมซึ่งเป็นพจนานุกรมของคำศัพท์ทุกคำในทุกภาษา จึงมีคำจำกัดความสำหรับตัวอักษรแต่ละตัว ดังนั้นเราจึงจำเป็นต้องทราบว่าตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นเป็นอักษรชนิดใด ความรู้นี้ยังช่วยในการจัดระเบียบตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นโดยการจัดหมวดหมู่และอธิบายเพิ่มเติมในภาคผนวก อักษรต่าง ๆ ถูกกำหนดไว้ใน [[มอดูล:scripts/data]] === การจัดรูปแบบ === นอกจากนี้ ข้อความบางส่วนอาจได้รับการจัดรูปแบบตามอักษรที่ใช้ โดยใช้แท็ก HTML span ครอบไว้ ในทางทฤษฎีแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์ควรจัดการการจัดรูปแบบโดยอัตโนมัติ แต่ในทางปฏิบัติแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์มักทำได้ไม่ดีนัก ดังนั้น การจัดรูปแบบ (ทิศทางข้อความ ตระกูลฟอนต์ หรือขนาดฟอนต์) จึงถูกควบคุมโดยการใช้แอตทริบิวต์ class ของ HTML (ซึ่งสามารถใช้ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความโดยใช้ [[มีเดียวิกิ:Common.css|สไตล์ชีตแบบเรียงซ้อนส่วนกลาง (CSS)]], [[วิธีใช้:สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้|สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้]] ของผู้แก้ไขที่ลงทะเบียน หรือสไตล์ชีตของผู้ใช้ของเว็บเบราว์เซอร์) หรือแอตทริบิวต์สไตล์แบบอินไลน์ == การใช้อักษรกับข้อความ == เพื่อวัตถุประสงค์ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความ มีแม่แบบ {{temp|lang}} ซึ่งทำหน้าที่เป็นตัวห่อหุ้มสำหรับข้อกำหนดการจัดรูปแบบที่กำหนดไว้ล่วงหน้า เป็นแม่แบบ “พื้นฐาน” ที่ใช้เฉพาะการจัดรูปแบบเฉพาะภาษาและอักษรเท่านั้น แต่ไม่ได้ทำอะไรอย่างอื่น สามารถใช้ในสถานการณ์ที่ต้องการเขียนข้อความที่ไม่ใช่อักษรละตินโดยทั่วไป แม่แบบนี้รับพารามิเตอร์รหัสภาษาที่จำเป็นและข้อความที่จะห่อหุ้ม พารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} ที่เป็นตัวเลือกใช้เพื่อแทนที่อักษรที่ตรวจพบโดยอัตโนมัติหากจำเป็น พารามิเตอร์ {{para|face}} สามารถใช้เพื่อใช้สไตล์เฉพาะกับข้อความ ซึ่งสามารถเป็น {{code|term}}, {{code|head}}, {{code|bold}} หรือว่างเปล่าสำหรับข้อความปกติ ซึ่งช่วยให้สามารถใช้เอฟเฟกต์ตัวเอนและตัวหนาเฉพาะอักษรนั้น พร้อมการจัดรูปแบบที่เหมาะสมกับข้อกำหนดของอักษรนั้น ๆ รวมถึงเพื่อเพิ่มความอ่านง่าย แม่แบบส่วนใหญ่ที่แสดงข้อความที่ไม่ใช่ภาษาอังกฤษก็จะมีพารามิเตอร์ภาษา และพารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} เพื่อแทนที่อักษรที่ตรวจจับโดยอัตโนมัติ ซึ่งรวมถึงแม่แบบที่ใช้กันอย่างแพร่หลาย เช่น {{temp|l}}, {{temp|m}}, {{temp|t}}, {{temp|head}} และ {{temp|form of}}: * {{temp|lang|sh|вријеме|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{lang|sh|вријеме|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|m|sh|вријеме|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{m|sh|вријеме|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|head|sh|คำนาม|g{{=}}n|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{head|head=вријеме|sh|คำนาม|g=n|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|t|sh|вријеме|n|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{t|sh|вријеме|n|sc=Cyrl}} 55qmap6sq01ui1cma9wvut96dvk927e 5753646 5753645 2026-08-01T15:44:28Z OctraBot 3198 /* การใช้อักษรกับข้อความ */ 5753646 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:S|WT:SCR|WT:SCRIPTS}} :''หน้านี้เกี่ยวกับระบบการเขียน สำหรับรายชื่อสคริปต์ของผู้ใช้ ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สคริปต์ผู้ใช้]]; สำหรับข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับการเขียนโปรแกรมในภาษาลูอา ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สกรีบุนโต]]'' :''สำหรับรายการรหัสอักษรทั้งหมด ดูที่ '''[[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' '''อักษร''' หรือ '''ระบบการเขียน''' คือกลุ่มของอักขระ == ข้อกำหนด == ในวิกิพจนานุกรม แต่ละอักษรจะถูกระบุด้วย ''รหัส'' และ ''ชื่อ'' รหัสอักษรมาจาก {{w|ISO 15924}} ([[ภาคผนวก:ISO 15924|ภาคผนวก]], [http://www.unicode.org/iso15924/iso15924-codes.html unicode.org]) โดยมีการเพิ่มเติมบางส่วน ตัวอย่างเช่น: * {{code|Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ * {{code|Cyrl}}: อักษรซีริลลิก * {{code|Latn}}: อักษรละติน รหัสอักษรบางรหัสในวิกิพจนานุกรม (ที่ใช้สำหรับอักษรหลากหลายรูปแบบของภาษาต่าง ๆ) จะตั้งชื่อโดยการรวมรหัสอักษร ISO และรหัสภาษาของวิกิพจนานุกรมเข้าด้วยกัน * {{code|fa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาเปอร์เซีย) * {{code|ks-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาแคชเมียร์) * {{code|ota-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาตุรกีแบบออตโตมัน) * {{code|pa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาปัญจาบ) * {{code|pjt-Latn}}: อักษรละติน (ของภาษาปีชันชาชารา) * {{code|ur-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาอูร์ดู) นอกจากนี้ยังมีรหัสที่มีชื่อพิเศษบางรหัส: * {{code|None}}: หมายถึงไม่มีการจัดรูปแบบใด ๆ เลย ใช้เป็นอักษร “ว่างเปล่า” หรือ “ไม่ทราบ” สำหรับภาษาที่ยังไม่ได้ระบุอักษรไว้ใน [[มอดูล:languages]] * {{code|Polyt}}: หมายถึงข้อความภาษากรีกโบราณ (ตรงข้ามกับสมัยใหม่) ซึ่งใช้เครื่องหมายกำกับเสียงหลายเสียง * {{code|Music}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญกรณ์ดนตรี * {{code|Morse}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์รหัสมอร์ส * {{code|Semap}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์สัญญาณธง * {{code|Ipach}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวอักษรจากสัทอักษรสากล (IPA) * {{code|Rumin}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวเลขรูมี (ดู {{w|Rumi Numeral Symbols}}) '''รายการรหัสอักษรที่วิกิพจนานุกรมรับรองทั้งหมดสามารถดูได้ที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' == หน้าที่ == === โครงสร้าง === ตาม [[WT:CFI|เกณฑ์การรวม]] ของเรา วิกิพจนานุกรมซึ่งเป็นพจนานุกรมของคำศัพท์ทุกคำในทุกภาษา จึงมีคำจำกัดความสำหรับตัวอักษรแต่ละตัว ดังนั้นเราจึงจำเป็นต้องทราบว่าตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นเป็นอักษรชนิดใด ความรู้นี้ยังช่วยในการจัดระเบียบตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นโดยการจัดหมวดหมู่และอธิบายเพิ่มเติมในภาคผนวก อักษรต่าง ๆ ถูกกำหนดไว้ใน [[มอดูล:scripts/data]] === การจัดรูปแบบ === นอกจากนี้ ข้อความบางส่วนอาจได้รับการจัดรูปแบบตามอักษรที่ใช้ โดยใช้แท็ก HTML span ครอบไว้ ในทางทฤษฎีแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์ควรจัดการการจัดรูปแบบโดยอัตโนมัติ แต่ในทางปฏิบัติแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์มักทำได้ไม่ดีนัก ดังนั้น การจัดรูปแบบ (ทิศทางข้อความ ตระกูลฟอนต์ หรือขนาดฟอนต์) จึงถูกควบคุมโดยการใช้แอตทริบิวต์ class ของ HTML (ซึ่งสามารถใช้ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความโดยใช้ [[มีเดียวิกิ:Common.css|สไตล์ชีตแบบเรียงซ้อนส่วนกลาง (CSS)]], [[วิธีใช้:สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้|สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้]] ของผู้แก้ไขที่ลงทะเบียน หรือสไตล์ชีตของผู้ใช้ของเว็บเบราว์เซอร์) หรือแอตทริบิวต์สไตล์แบบอินไลน์ == การใช้อักษรกับข้อความ == เพื่อวัตถุประสงค์ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความ มีแม่แบบ {{temp|lang}} ซึ่งทำหน้าที่เป็นตัวห่อหุ้มสำหรับข้อกำหนดการจัดรูปแบบที่กำหนดไว้ล่วงหน้า เป็นแม่แบบ “พื้นฐาน” ที่ใช้เฉพาะการจัดรูปแบบเฉพาะภาษาและอักษรเท่านั้น แต่ไม่ได้ทำอะไรอย่างอื่น สามารถใช้ในสถานการณ์ที่ต้องการเขียนข้อความที่ไม่ใช่อักษรละตินโดยทั่วไป แม่แบบนี้รับพารามิเตอร์รหัสภาษาที่จำเป็นและข้อความที่จะห่อหุ้ม พารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} ที่เป็นตัวเลือกใช้เพื่อแทนที่อักษรที่ตรวจพบโดยอัตโนมัติหากจำเป็น พารามิเตอร์ {{para|face}} สามารถใช้เพื่อใช้สไตล์เฉพาะกับข้อความ ซึ่งสามารถเป็น {{code|term}}, {{code|head}}, {{code|bold}} หรือว่างเปล่าสำหรับข้อความปกติ ซึ่งช่วยให้สามารถใช้เอฟเฟกต์ตัวเอนและตัวหนาเฉพาะอักษรนั้น พร้อมการจัดรูปแบบที่เหมาะสมกับข้อกำหนดของอักษรนั้น ๆ รวมถึงเพื่อเพิ่มความอ่านง่าย แม่แบบส่วนใหญ่ที่แสดงข้อความที่ไม่ใช่ภาษาอังกฤษก็จะมีพารามิเตอร์ภาษา และพารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} เพื่อแทนที่อักษรที่ตรวจจับโดยอัตโนมัติ ซึ่งรวมถึงแม่แบบที่ใช้กันอย่างแพร่หลาย เช่น {{temp|l}}, {{temp|m}}, {{temp|t}}, {{temp|head}} และ {{temp|form of}}: * {{temp|lang|sh|вријеме|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{lang|sh|вријеме|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|m|sh|вријеме|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{m|sh|вријеме|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|head|sh|คำนาม|g{{=}}n|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{head|head=вријеме|sh|คำนาม|g=n|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|t|sh|вријеме|n|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{t|sh|вријеме|n|sc=Cyrl}} แม่แบบส่วนใหญ่ รวมถึงแม่แบบทั้งหมดที่ระบุไว้ข้างต้น จะทำการตรวจจับอักษรโดยอัตโนมัติ โดยจะตรวจสอบข้อความที่ให้มา และพยายามตัดสินว่าใช้อักษรใดของภาษานั้น (ที่ระบุไว้ในมอดูลย่อยข้อมูล [[มอดูล:languages]]) ดังนั้น พารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} จึงแทบไม่จำเป็นต้องใช้ อย่างไรก็ตาม จำเป็นต้องระบุพารามิเตอร์นี้หากข้อความเขียนด้วยอักษรที่ไม่ใช่อักษรที่รู้จักของภาษานั้น * {{temp|l|sh|vrijeme}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|vrijeme}} (อักษรเริ่มต้นของภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชียคือ "Latn") * {{temp|l|sh|вријеме}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|вријеме}} (แม่แบบจะรู้จักข้อความที่เขียนด้วยอักษรอื่น ๆ ที่ระบุไว้สำหรับภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย ในกรณีนี้คืออักษรซีริลลิก) * {{temp|l|sh|β|sc{{=}}Grek}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|β|sc=Grek}} (อย่างไรก็ตาม หากคุณต้องการเขียนตัวอักษรกรีกในภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย คุณต้องระบุรหัสอักษร เนื่องจากภาษากรีกไม่ใช่หนึ่งในอักษรปกติสำหรับภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย) alne239usnujffrhmgpb5elv9g1s94x 5753647 5753646 2026-08-01T15:44:50Z OctraBot 3198 /* การใช้อักษรกับข้อความ */ 5753647 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:S|WT:SCR|WT:SCRIPTS}} :''หน้านี้เกี่ยวกับระบบการเขียน สำหรับรายชื่อสคริปต์ของผู้ใช้ ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สคริปต์ผู้ใช้]]; สำหรับข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับการเขียนโปรแกรมในภาษาลูอา ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สกรีบุนโต]]'' :''สำหรับรายการรหัสอักษรทั้งหมด ดูที่ '''[[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' '''อักษร''' หรือ '''ระบบการเขียน''' คือกลุ่มของอักขระ == ข้อกำหนด == ในวิกิพจนานุกรม แต่ละอักษรจะถูกระบุด้วย ''รหัส'' และ ''ชื่อ'' รหัสอักษรมาจาก {{w|ISO 15924}} ([[ภาคผนวก:ISO 15924|ภาคผนวก]], [http://www.unicode.org/iso15924/iso15924-codes.html unicode.org]) โดยมีการเพิ่มเติมบางส่วน ตัวอย่างเช่น: * {{code|Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ * {{code|Cyrl}}: อักษรซีริลลิก * {{code|Latn}}: อักษรละติน รหัสอักษรบางรหัสในวิกิพจนานุกรม (ที่ใช้สำหรับอักษรหลากหลายรูปแบบของภาษาต่าง ๆ) จะตั้งชื่อโดยการรวมรหัสอักษร ISO และรหัสภาษาของวิกิพจนานุกรมเข้าด้วยกัน * {{code|fa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาเปอร์เซีย) * {{code|ks-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาแคชเมียร์) * {{code|ota-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาตุรกีแบบออตโตมัน) * {{code|pa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาปัญจาบ) * {{code|pjt-Latn}}: อักษรละติน (ของภาษาปีชันชาชารา) * {{code|ur-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาอูร์ดู) นอกจากนี้ยังมีรหัสที่มีชื่อพิเศษบางรหัส: * {{code|None}}: หมายถึงไม่มีการจัดรูปแบบใด ๆ เลย ใช้เป็นอักษร “ว่างเปล่า” หรือ “ไม่ทราบ” สำหรับภาษาที่ยังไม่ได้ระบุอักษรไว้ใน [[มอดูล:languages]] * {{code|Polyt}}: หมายถึงข้อความภาษากรีกโบราณ (ตรงข้ามกับสมัยใหม่) ซึ่งใช้เครื่องหมายกำกับเสียงหลายเสียง * {{code|Music}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญกรณ์ดนตรี * {{code|Morse}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์รหัสมอร์ส * {{code|Semap}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์สัญญาณธง * {{code|Ipach}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวอักษรจากสัทอักษรสากล (IPA) * {{code|Rumin}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวเลขรูมี (ดู {{w|Rumi Numeral Symbols}}) '''รายการรหัสอักษรที่วิกิพจนานุกรมรับรองทั้งหมดสามารถดูได้ที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' == หน้าที่ == === โครงสร้าง === ตาม [[WT:CFI|เกณฑ์การรวม]] ของเรา วิกิพจนานุกรมซึ่งเป็นพจนานุกรมของคำศัพท์ทุกคำในทุกภาษา จึงมีคำจำกัดความสำหรับตัวอักษรแต่ละตัว ดังนั้นเราจึงจำเป็นต้องทราบว่าตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นเป็นอักษรชนิดใด ความรู้นี้ยังช่วยในการจัดระเบียบตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นโดยการจัดหมวดหมู่และอธิบายเพิ่มเติมในภาคผนวก อักษรต่าง ๆ ถูกกำหนดไว้ใน [[มอดูล:scripts/data]] === การจัดรูปแบบ === นอกจากนี้ ข้อความบางส่วนอาจได้รับการจัดรูปแบบตามอักษรที่ใช้ โดยใช้แท็ก HTML span ครอบไว้ ในทางทฤษฎีแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์ควรจัดการการจัดรูปแบบโดยอัตโนมัติ แต่ในทางปฏิบัติแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์มักทำได้ไม่ดีนัก ดังนั้น การจัดรูปแบบ (ทิศทางข้อความ ตระกูลฟอนต์ หรือขนาดฟอนต์) จึงถูกควบคุมโดยการใช้แอตทริบิวต์ class ของ HTML (ซึ่งสามารถใช้ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความโดยใช้ [[มีเดียวิกิ:Common.css|สไตล์ชีตแบบเรียงซ้อนส่วนกลาง (CSS)]], [[วิธีใช้:สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้|สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้]] ของผู้แก้ไขที่ลงทะเบียน หรือสไตล์ชีตของผู้ใช้ของเว็บเบราว์เซอร์) หรือแอตทริบิวต์สไตล์แบบอินไลน์ == การใช้อักษรกับข้อความ == เพื่อวัตถุประสงค์ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความ มีแม่แบบ {{temp|lang}} ซึ่งทำหน้าที่เป็นตัวห่อหุ้มสำหรับข้อกำหนดการจัดรูปแบบที่กำหนดไว้ล่วงหน้า เป็นแม่แบบ “พื้นฐาน” ที่ใช้เฉพาะการจัดรูปแบบเฉพาะภาษาและอักษรเท่านั้น แต่ไม่ได้ทำอะไรอย่างอื่น สามารถใช้ในสถานการณ์ที่ต้องการเขียนข้อความที่ไม่ใช่อักษรละตินโดยทั่วไป แม่แบบนี้รับพารามิเตอร์รหัสภาษาที่จำเป็นและข้อความที่จะห่อหุ้ม พารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} ที่เป็นตัวเลือกใช้เพื่อแทนที่อักษรที่ตรวจพบโดยอัตโนมัติหากจำเป็น พารามิเตอร์ {{para|face}} สามารถใช้เพื่อใช้สไตล์เฉพาะกับข้อความ ซึ่งสามารถเป็น {{code|term}}, {{code|head}}, {{code|bold}} หรือว่างเปล่าสำหรับข้อความปกติ ซึ่งช่วยให้สามารถใช้เอฟเฟกต์ตัวเอนและตัวหนาเฉพาะอักษรนั้น พร้อมการจัดรูปแบบที่เหมาะสมกับข้อกำหนดของอักษรนั้น ๆ รวมถึงเพื่อเพิ่มความอ่านง่าย แม่แบบส่วนใหญ่ที่แสดงข้อความที่ไม่ใช่ภาษาอังกฤษก็จะมีพารามิเตอร์ภาษา และพารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} เพื่อแทนที่อักษรที่ตรวจจับโดยอัตโนมัติ ซึ่งรวมถึงแม่แบบที่ใช้กันอย่างแพร่หลาย เช่น {{temp|l}}, {{temp|m}}, {{temp|t}}, {{temp|head}} และ {{temp|form of}}: * {{temp|lang|sh|вријеме|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{lang|sh|вријеме|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|m|sh|вријеме|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{m|sh|вријеме|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|head|sh|คำนาม|g{{=}}n|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{head|head=вријеме|sh|คำนาม|g=n|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|t|sh|вријеме|n|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{t|sh|вријеме|n|sc=Cyrl}} แม่แบบส่วนใหญ่ รวมถึงแม่แบบทั้งหมดที่ระบุไว้ข้างต้น จะทำการตรวจจับอักษรโดยอัตโนมัติ โดยจะตรวจสอบข้อความที่ให้มา และพยายามตัดสินว่าใช้อักษรใดของภาษานั้น (ที่ระบุไว้ในมอดูลย่อยข้อมูล [[มอดูล:languages]]) ดังนั้น พารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} จึงแทบไม่จำเป็นต้องใช้ อย่างไรก็ตาม จำเป็นต้องระบุพารามิเตอร์นี้หากข้อความเขียนด้วยอักษรที่ไม่ใช่อักษรที่รู้จักของภาษานั้น * {{temp|l|sh|vrijeme}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|vrijeme}} (อักษรเริ่มต้นของภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชียคือ “Latn”) * {{temp|l|sh|вријеме}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|вријеме}} (แม่แบบจะรู้จักข้อความที่เขียนด้วยอักษรอื่น ๆ ที่ระบุไว้สำหรับภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย ในกรณีนี้คืออักษรซีริลลิก) * {{temp|l|sh|β|sc{{=}}Grek}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|β|sc=Grek}} (อย่างไรก็ตาม หากคุณต้องการเขียนตัวอักษรกรีกในภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย คุณต้องระบุรหัสอักษร เนื่องจากภาษากรีกไม่ใช่หนึ่งในอักษรปกติสำหรับภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย) st0sfljn9lj9jvc2l75u08xxcts4fir 5753648 5753647 2026-08-01T15:48:03Z OctraBot 3198 /* การใช้อักษรกับข้อความ */ 5753648 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:S|WT:SCR|WT:SCRIPTS}} :''หน้านี้เกี่ยวกับระบบการเขียน สำหรับรายชื่อสคริปต์ของผู้ใช้ ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สคริปต์ผู้ใช้]]; สำหรับข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับการเขียนโปรแกรมในภาษาลูอา ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สกรีบุนโต]]'' :''สำหรับรายการรหัสอักษรทั้งหมด ดูที่ '''[[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' '''อักษร''' หรือ '''ระบบการเขียน''' คือกลุ่มของอักขระ == ข้อกำหนด == ในวิกิพจนานุกรม แต่ละอักษรจะถูกระบุด้วย ''รหัส'' และ ''ชื่อ'' รหัสอักษรมาจาก {{w|ISO 15924}} ([[ภาคผนวก:ISO 15924|ภาคผนวก]], [http://www.unicode.org/iso15924/iso15924-codes.html unicode.org]) โดยมีการเพิ่มเติมบางส่วน ตัวอย่างเช่น: * {{code|Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ * {{code|Cyrl}}: อักษรซีริลลิก * {{code|Latn}}: อักษรละติน รหัสอักษรบางรหัสในวิกิพจนานุกรม (ที่ใช้สำหรับอักษรหลากหลายรูปแบบของภาษาต่าง ๆ) จะตั้งชื่อโดยการรวมรหัสอักษร ISO และรหัสภาษาของวิกิพจนานุกรมเข้าด้วยกัน * {{code|fa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาเปอร์เซีย) * {{code|ks-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาแคชเมียร์) * {{code|ota-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาตุรกีแบบออตโตมัน) * {{code|pa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาปัญจาบ) * {{code|pjt-Latn}}: อักษรละติน (ของภาษาปีชันชาชารา) * {{code|ur-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาอูร์ดู) นอกจากนี้ยังมีรหัสที่มีชื่อพิเศษบางรหัส: * {{code|None}}: หมายถึงไม่มีการจัดรูปแบบใด ๆ เลย ใช้เป็นอักษร “ว่างเปล่า” หรือ “ไม่ทราบ” สำหรับภาษาที่ยังไม่ได้ระบุอักษรไว้ใน [[มอดูล:languages]] * {{code|Polyt}}: หมายถึงข้อความภาษากรีกโบราณ (ตรงข้ามกับสมัยใหม่) ซึ่งใช้เครื่องหมายกำกับเสียงหลายเสียง * {{code|Music}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญกรณ์ดนตรี * {{code|Morse}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์รหัสมอร์ส * {{code|Semap}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์สัญญาณธง * {{code|Ipach}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวอักษรจากสัทอักษรสากล (IPA) * {{code|Rumin}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวเลขรูมี (ดู {{w|Rumi Numeral Symbols}}) '''รายการรหัสอักษรที่วิกิพจนานุกรมรับรองทั้งหมดสามารถดูได้ที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' == หน้าที่ == === โครงสร้าง === ตาม [[WT:CFI|เกณฑ์การรวม]] ของเรา วิกิพจนานุกรมซึ่งเป็นพจนานุกรมของคำศัพท์ทุกคำในทุกภาษา จึงมีคำจำกัดความสำหรับตัวอักษรแต่ละตัว ดังนั้นเราจึงจำเป็นต้องทราบว่าตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นเป็นอักษรชนิดใด ความรู้นี้ยังช่วยในการจัดระเบียบตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นโดยการจัดหมวดหมู่และอธิบายเพิ่มเติมในภาคผนวก อักษรต่าง ๆ ถูกกำหนดไว้ใน [[มอดูล:scripts/data]] === การจัดรูปแบบ === นอกจากนี้ ข้อความบางส่วนอาจได้รับการจัดรูปแบบตามอักษรที่ใช้ โดยใช้แท็ก HTML span ครอบไว้ ในทางทฤษฎีแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์ควรจัดการการจัดรูปแบบโดยอัตโนมัติ แต่ในทางปฏิบัติแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์มักทำได้ไม่ดีนัก ดังนั้น การจัดรูปแบบ (ทิศทางข้อความ ตระกูลฟอนต์ หรือขนาดฟอนต์) จึงถูกควบคุมโดยการใช้แอตทริบิวต์ class ของ HTML (ซึ่งสามารถใช้ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความโดยใช้ [[มีเดียวิกิ:Common.css|สไตล์ชีตแบบเรียงซ้อนส่วนกลาง (CSS)]], [[วิธีใช้:สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้|สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้]] ของผู้แก้ไขที่ลงทะเบียน หรือสไตล์ชีตของผู้ใช้ของเว็บเบราว์เซอร์) หรือแอตทริบิวต์สไตล์แบบอินไลน์ == การใช้อักษรกับข้อความ == เพื่อวัตถุประสงค์ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความ มีแม่แบบ {{temp|lang}} ซึ่งทำหน้าที่เป็นตัวห่อหุ้มสำหรับข้อกำหนดการจัดรูปแบบที่กำหนดไว้ล่วงหน้า เป็นแม่แบบ “พื้นฐาน” ที่ใช้เฉพาะการจัดรูปแบบเฉพาะภาษาและอักษรเท่านั้น แต่ไม่ได้ทำอะไรอย่างอื่น สามารถใช้ในสถานการณ์ที่ต้องการเขียนข้อความที่ไม่ใช่อักษรละตินโดยทั่วไป แม่แบบนี้รับพารามิเตอร์รหัสภาษาที่จำเป็นและข้อความที่จะห่อหุ้ม พารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} ที่เป็นตัวเลือกใช้เพื่อแทนที่อักษรที่ตรวจพบโดยอัตโนมัติหากจำเป็น พารามิเตอร์ {{para|face}} สามารถใช้เพื่อใช้สไตล์เฉพาะกับข้อความ ซึ่งสามารถเป็น {{code|term}}, {{code|head}}, {{code|bold}} หรือว่างเปล่าสำหรับข้อความปกติ ซึ่งช่วยให้สามารถใช้เอฟเฟกต์ตัวเอนและตัวหนาเฉพาะอักษรนั้น พร้อมการจัดรูปแบบที่เหมาะสมกับข้อกำหนดของอักษรนั้น ๆ รวมถึงเพื่อเพิ่มความอ่านง่าย แม่แบบส่วนใหญ่ที่แสดงข้อความที่ไม่ใช่ภาษาอังกฤษก็จะมีพารามิเตอร์ภาษา และพารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} เพื่อแทนที่อักษรที่ตรวจจับโดยอัตโนมัติ ซึ่งรวมถึงแม่แบบที่ใช้กันอย่างแพร่หลาย เช่น {{temp|l}}, {{temp|m}}, {{temp|t}}, {{temp|head}} และ {{temp|form of}}: * {{temp|lang|sh|вријеме|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{lang|sh|вријеме|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|m|sh|вријеме|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{m|sh|вријеме|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|head|sh|คำนาม|g{{=}}n|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{head|head=вријеме|sh|คำนาม|g=n|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|t|sh|вријеме|n|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{t|sh|вријеме|n|sc=Cyrl}} แม่แบบส่วนใหญ่ รวมถึงแม่แบบทั้งหมดที่ระบุไว้ข้างต้น จะทำการตรวจจับอักษรโดยอัตโนมัติ โดยจะตรวจสอบข้อความที่ให้มา และพยายามตัดสินว่าใช้อักษรใดของภาษานั้น (ที่ระบุไว้ในมอดูลย่อยข้อมูล [[มอดูล:languages]]) ดังนั้น พารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} จึงแทบไม่จำเป็นต้องใช้ อย่างไรก็ตาม จำเป็นต้องระบุพารามิเตอร์นี้หากข้อความเขียนด้วยอักษรที่ไม่ใช่อักษรที่รู้จักของภาษานั้น * {{temp|l|sh|vrijeme}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|vrijeme}} (อักษรเริ่มต้นของภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชียคือ “Latn”) * {{temp|l|sh|вријеме}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|вријеме}} (แม่แบบจะรู้จักข้อความที่เขียนด้วยอักษรอื่น ๆ ที่ระบุไว้สำหรับภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย ในกรณีนี้คืออักษรซีริลลิก) * {{temp|l|sh|β|sc{{=}}Grek}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|β|sc=Grek}} (อย่างไรก็ตาม หากคุณต้องการเขียนตัวอักษรกรีกในภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย คุณต้องระบุรหัสอักษร เนื่องจากภาษากรีกไม่ใช่หนึ่งในอักษรปกติสำหรับภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย) === กรณีที่จำเป็นต้องใช้พารามิเตอร์อักษร === ในกรณีส่วนใหญ่ ไม่จำเป็นต้องใช้พารามิเตอร์อักษร เนื่องจากโค้ดฝั่งเซิร์ฟเวอร์จะจัดการการติดแท็กอักษรโดยอัตโนมัติ กรณีที่จำเป็นต้องใช้ {{para|sc}} จะเกิดขึ้นเฉพาะเมื่อไม่สามารถทำได้เท่านั้น ตัวอย่างเช่น: * {{temp|m|el|;|sc=Grek}} — ในภาษากรีก เมื่อคำนั้นไม่มีตัวอักษรกรีก แต่ใช้ในข้อความที่เขียนด้วยอักษรกรีก * {{temp|m|zh|man|t=manly|sc=Hani}} — ในคำศัพท์ใหม่ของภาษาจีน (ส่วนใหญ่ยืมมาจากภาษาอังกฤษ) เมื่อใช้คำที่เขียนด้วยอักษรละตินในข้อความที่เขียนด้วยอักษรฮั่น และไม่ใช่การถอดเสียงเป็นอักษรโรมัน ดังนั้นจึงไม่ควรติดแท็กเป็น {{code|Latn}} (อักษรละติน) ** {{temp|m|cmn|man}} — พยางค์พินอินเสียงกลาง ตรวจจับโดยอัตโนมัติว่าเป็นอักษรละติน * ในภาษาโรมาเนีย ซึ่งใช้ {{code|Cyrl}} (อักษรซีริลลิก) และ {{code|Cyrs}} (อักษรซีริลลิกเก่า) ซึ่งมีตัวอักษรเหมือนกัน แต่ {{code|Cyrl}} แทนภาษามอลโดวาในปัจจุบัน และ {{code|Cyrs}} แทนการเขียนอักษรซีริลลิกที่เก่ากว่า 7379087dp0ts13tgy8xmguaittygh5x 5753649 5753648 2026-08-01T15:48:43Z OctraBot 3198 /* */ 5753649 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:S|WT:SCR|WT:SCRIPTS}} :''หน้านี้เกี่ยวกับระบบการเขียน สำหรับรายชื่อสคริปต์ของผู้ใช้ ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สคริปต์ผู้ใช้]]; สำหรับข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับการเขียนโปรแกรมในภาษาลูอา ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สกรีบุนโต]]'' :''สำหรับรายการรหัสอักษรทั้งหมด ดูที่ '''[[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' '''อักษร''' หรือ '''ระบบการเขียน''' คือกลุ่มของตัวอักษรหรืออักขระ == ข้อกำหนด == ในวิกิพจนานุกรม แต่ละอักษรจะถูกระบุด้วย ''รหัส'' และ ''ชื่อ'' รหัสอักษรมาจาก {{w|ISO 15924}} ([[ภาคผนวก:ISO 15924|ภาคผนวก]], [http://www.unicode.org/iso15924/iso15924-codes.html unicode.org]) โดยมีการเพิ่มเติมบางส่วน ตัวอย่างเช่น: * {{code|Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ * {{code|Cyrl}}: อักษรซีริลลิก * {{code|Latn}}: อักษรละติน รหัสอักษรบางรหัสในวิกิพจนานุกรม (ที่ใช้สำหรับอักษรหลากหลายรูปแบบของภาษาต่าง ๆ) จะตั้งชื่อโดยการรวมรหัสอักษร ISO และรหัสภาษาของวิกิพจนานุกรมเข้าด้วยกัน * {{code|fa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาเปอร์เซีย) * {{code|ks-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาแคชเมียร์) * {{code|ota-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาตุรกีแบบออตโตมัน) * {{code|pa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาปัญจาบ) * {{code|pjt-Latn}}: อักษรละติน (ของภาษาปีชันชาชารา) * {{code|ur-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาอูร์ดู) นอกจากนี้ยังมีรหัสที่มีชื่อพิเศษบางรหัส: * {{code|None}}: หมายถึงไม่มีการจัดรูปแบบใด ๆ เลย ใช้เป็นอักษร “ว่างเปล่า” หรือ “ไม่ทราบ” สำหรับภาษาที่ยังไม่ได้ระบุอักษรไว้ใน [[มอดูล:languages]] * {{code|Polyt}}: หมายถึงข้อความภาษากรีกโบราณ (ตรงข้ามกับสมัยใหม่) ซึ่งใช้เครื่องหมายกำกับเสียงหลายเสียง * {{code|Music}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญกรณ์ดนตรี * {{code|Morse}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์รหัสมอร์ส * {{code|Semap}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์สัญญาณธง * {{code|Ipach}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวอักษรจากสัทอักษรสากล (IPA) * {{code|Rumin}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวเลขรูมี (ดู {{w|Rumi Numeral Symbols}}) '''รายการรหัสอักษรที่วิกิพจนานุกรมรับรองทั้งหมดสามารถดูได้ที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' == หน้าที่ == === โครงสร้าง === ตาม [[WT:CFI|เกณฑ์การรวม]] ของเรา วิกิพจนานุกรมซึ่งเป็นพจนานุกรมของคำศัพท์ทุกคำในทุกภาษา จึงมีคำจำกัดความสำหรับตัวอักษรแต่ละตัว ดังนั้นเราจึงจำเป็นต้องทราบว่าตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นเป็นอักษรชนิดใด ความรู้นี้ยังช่วยในการจัดระเบียบตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นโดยการจัดหมวดหมู่และอธิบายเพิ่มเติมในภาคผนวก อักษรต่าง ๆ ถูกกำหนดไว้ใน [[มอดูล:scripts/data]] === การจัดรูปแบบ === นอกจากนี้ ข้อความบางส่วนอาจได้รับการจัดรูปแบบตามอักษรที่ใช้ โดยใช้แท็ก HTML span ครอบไว้ ในทางทฤษฎีแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์ควรจัดการการจัดรูปแบบโดยอัตโนมัติ แต่ในทางปฏิบัติแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์มักทำได้ไม่ดีนัก ดังนั้น การจัดรูปแบบ (ทิศทางข้อความ ตระกูลฟอนต์ หรือขนาดฟอนต์) จึงถูกควบคุมโดยการใช้แอตทริบิวต์ class ของ HTML (ซึ่งสามารถใช้ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความโดยใช้ [[มีเดียวิกิ:Common.css|สไตล์ชีตแบบเรียงซ้อนส่วนกลาง (CSS)]], [[วิธีใช้:สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้|สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้]] ของผู้แก้ไขที่ลงทะเบียน หรือสไตล์ชีตของผู้ใช้ของเว็บเบราว์เซอร์) หรือแอตทริบิวต์สไตล์แบบอินไลน์ == การใช้อักษรกับข้อความ == เพื่อวัตถุประสงค์ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความ มีแม่แบบ {{temp|lang}} ซึ่งทำหน้าที่เป็นตัวห่อหุ้มสำหรับข้อกำหนดการจัดรูปแบบที่กำหนดไว้ล่วงหน้า เป็นแม่แบบ “พื้นฐาน” ที่ใช้เฉพาะการจัดรูปแบบเฉพาะภาษาและอักษรเท่านั้น แต่ไม่ได้ทำอะไรอย่างอื่น สามารถใช้ในสถานการณ์ที่ต้องการเขียนข้อความที่ไม่ใช่อักษรละตินโดยทั่วไป แม่แบบนี้รับพารามิเตอร์รหัสภาษาที่จำเป็นและข้อความที่จะห่อหุ้ม พารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} ที่เป็นตัวเลือกใช้เพื่อแทนที่อักษรที่ตรวจพบโดยอัตโนมัติหากจำเป็น พารามิเตอร์ {{para|face}} สามารถใช้เพื่อใช้สไตล์เฉพาะกับข้อความ ซึ่งสามารถเป็น {{code|term}}, {{code|head}}, {{code|bold}} หรือว่างเปล่าสำหรับข้อความปกติ ซึ่งช่วยให้สามารถใช้เอฟเฟกต์ตัวเอนและตัวหนาเฉพาะอักษรนั้น พร้อมการจัดรูปแบบที่เหมาะสมกับข้อกำหนดของอักษรนั้น ๆ รวมถึงเพื่อเพิ่มความอ่านง่าย แม่แบบส่วนใหญ่ที่แสดงข้อความที่ไม่ใช่ภาษาอังกฤษก็จะมีพารามิเตอร์ภาษา และพารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} เพื่อแทนที่อักษรที่ตรวจจับโดยอัตโนมัติ ซึ่งรวมถึงแม่แบบที่ใช้กันอย่างแพร่หลาย เช่น {{temp|l}}, {{temp|m}}, {{temp|t}}, {{temp|head}} และ {{temp|form of}}: * {{temp|lang|sh|вријеме|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{lang|sh|вријеме|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|m|sh|вријеме|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{m|sh|вријеме|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|head|sh|คำนาม|g{{=}}n|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{head|head=вријеме|sh|คำนาม|g=n|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|t|sh|вријеме|n|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{t|sh|вријеме|n|sc=Cyrl}} แม่แบบส่วนใหญ่ รวมถึงแม่แบบทั้งหมดที่ระบุไว้ข้างต้น จะทำการตรวจจับอักษรโดยอัตโนมัติ โดยจะตรวจสอบข้อความที่ให้มา และพยายามตัดสินว่าใช้อักษรใดของภาษานั้น (ที่ระบุไว้ในมอดูลย่อยข้อมูล [[มอดูล:languages]]) ดังนั้น พารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} จึงแทบไม่จำเป็นต้องใช้ อย่างไรก็ตาม จำเป็นต้องระบุพารามิเตอร์นี้หากข้อความเขียนด้วยอักษรที่ไม่ใช่อักษรที่รู้จักของภาษานั้น * {{temp|l|sh|vrijeme}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|vrijeme}} (อักษรเริ่มต้นของภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชียคือ “Latn”) * {{temp|l|sh|вријеме}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|вријеме}} (แม่แบบจะรู้จักข้อความที่เขียนด้วยอักษรอื่น ๆ ที่ระบุไว้สำหรับภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย ในกรณีนี้คืออักษรซีริลลิก) * {{temp|l|sh|β|sc{{=}}Grek}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|β|sc=Grek}} (อย่างไรก็ตาม หากคุณต้องการเขียนตัวอักษรกรีกในภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย คุณต้องระบุรหัสอักษร เนื่องจากภาษากรีกไม่ใช่หนึ่งในอักษรปกติสำหรับภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย) === กรณีที่จำเป็นต้องใช้พารามิเตอร์อักษร === ในกรณีส่วนใหญ่ ไม่จำเป็นต้องใช้พารามิเตอร์อักษร เนื่องจากโค้ดฝั่งเซิร์ฟเวอร์จะจัดการการติดแท็กอักษรโดยอัตโนมัติ กรณีที่จำเป็นต้องใช้ {{para|sc}} จะเกิดขึ้นเฉพาะเมื่อไม่สามารถทำได้เท่านั้น ตัวอย่างเช่น: * {{temp|m|el|;|sc=Grek}} — ในภาษากรีก เมื่อคำนั้นไม่มีตัวอักษรกรีก แต่ใช้ในข้อความที่เขียนด้วยอักษรกรีก * {{temp|m|zh|man|t=manly|sc=Hani}} — ในคำศัพท์ใหม่ของภาษาจีน (ส่วนใหญ่ยืมมาจากภาษาอังกฤษ) เมื่อใช้คำที่เขียนด้วยอักษรละตินในข้อความที่เขียนด้วยอักษรฮั่น และไม่ใช่การถอดเสียงเป็นอักษรโรมัน ดังนั้นจึงไม่ควรติดแท็กเป็น {{code|Latn}} (อักษรละติน) ** {{temp|m|cmn|man}} — พยางค์พินอินเสียงกลาง ตรวจจับโดยอัตโนมัติว่าเป็นอักษรละติน * ในภาษาโรมาเนีย ซึ่งใช้ {{code|Cyrl}} (อักษรซีริลลิก) และ {{code|Cyrs}} (อักษรซีริลลิกเก่า) ซึ่งมีตัวอักษรเหมือนกัน แต่ {{code|Cyrl}} แทนภาษามอลโดวาในปัจจุบัน และ {{code|Cyrs}} แทนการเขียนอักษรซีริลลิกที่เก่ากว่า gd412znm7ggwt0wcoyou6r1oy9nbwne 5753650 5753649 2026-08-01T15:50:12Z OctraBot 3198 5753650 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:S|WT:SCR|WT:SCRIPTS}} :''หน้านี้เกี่ยวกับระบบการเขียน สำหรับรายชื่อสคริปต์ของผู้ใช้ ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สคริปต์ผู้ใช้]]; สำหรับข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับการเขียนโปรแกรมในภาษาลูอา ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สกรีบุนโต]]'' :''สำหรับรายการรหัสอักษรทั้งหมด ดูที่ '''[[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' '''อักษร''' หรือ '''ระบบการเขียน''' คือกลุ่มของตัวอักษรหรืออักขระ == ข้อกำหนด == ในวิกิพจนานุกรม แต่ละอักษรจะถูกระบุด้วย ''รหัส'' และ ''ชื่อ'' รหัสอักษรมาจาก {{w|ISO 15924}} ([[ภาคผนวก:ISO 15924|ภาคผนวก]], [http://www.unicode.org/iso15924/iso15924-codes.html unicode.org]) โดยมีการเพิ่มเติมบางส่วน ตัวอย่างเช่น: * {{code|Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ * {{code|Cyrl}}: อักษรซีริลลิก * {{code|Latn}}: อักษรละติน รหัสอักษรบางรหัสในวิกิพจนานุกรม (ที่ใช้สำหรับอักษรหลากหลายรูปแบบของภาษาต่าง ๆ) จะตั้งชื่อโดยการรวมรหัสอักษร ISO และรหัสภาษาของวิกิพจนานุกรมเข้าด้วยกัน * {{code|fa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาเปอร์เซีย) * {{code|ks-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาแคชเมียร์) * {{code|ota-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาตุรกีแบบออตโตมัน) * {{code|pa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาปัญจาบ) * {{code|pjt-Latn}}: อักษรละติน (ของภาษาปีชันชาชารา) * {{code|ur-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาอูร์ดู) นอกจากนี้ยังมีรหัสที่มีชื่อพิเศษบางรหัส: * {{code|None}}: หมายถึงไม่มีการจัดรูปแบบใด ๆ เลย ใช้เป็นอักษร “ว่างเปล่า” หรือ “ไม่ทราบ” สำหรับภาษาที่ยังไม่ได้ระบุอักษรไว้ใน [[มอดูล:languages]] * {{code|Polyt}}: หมายถึงข้อความภาษากรีกโบราณ (ตรงข้ามกับสมัยใหม่) ซึ่งใช้เครื่องหมายกำกับเสียงหลายเสียง * {{code|Music}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญกรณ์ดนตรี * {{code|Morse}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์รหัสมอร์ส * {{code|Semap}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์สัญญาณธง * {{code|Ipach}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวอักษรจากสัทอักษรสากล (IPA) * {{code|Rumin}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวเลขรูมี (ดู {{w|Rumi Numeral Symbols}}) '''รายการรหัสอักษรที่วิกิพจนานุกรมรับรองทั้งหมดสามารถดูได้ที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' == หน้าที่ == === โครงสร้าง === ตาม [[WT:CFI|เกณฑ์การรวม]] ของเรา วิกิพจนานุกรมซึ่งเป็นพจนานุกรมของคำศัพท์ทุกคำในทุกภาษา จึงมีคำจำกัดความสำหรับตัวอักษรแต่ละตัว ดังนั้นเราจึงจำเป็นต้องทราบว่าตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นเป็นอักษรชนิดใด ความรู้นี้ยังช่วยในการจัดระเบียบตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นโดยการจัดหมวดหมู่และอธิบายเพิ่มเติมในภาคผนวก อักษรต่าง ๆ ถูกกำหนดไว้ใน [[มอดูล:scripts/data]] === การจัดรูปแบบ === นอกจากนี้ ข้อความบางส่วนอาจได้รับการจัดรูปแบบตามอักษรที่ใช้ โดยใช้แท็ก HTML span ครอบไว้ ในทางทฤษฎีแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์ควรจัดการการจัดรูปแบบโดยอัตโนมัติ แต่ในทางปฏิบัติแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์มักทำได้ไม่ดีนัก ดังนั้น การจัดรูปแบบ (ทิศทางข้อความ ตระกูลฟอนต์ หรือขนาดฟอนต์) จึงถูกควบคุมโดยการใช้แอตทริบิวต์ class ของ HTML (ซึ่งสามารถใช้ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความโดยใช้ [[มีเดียวิกิ:Common.css|สไตล์ชีตแบบเรียงซ้อนส่วนกลาง (CSS)]], [[วิธีใช้:สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้|สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้]] ของผู้แก้ไขที่ลงทะเบียน หรือสไตล์ชีตของผู้ใช้ของเว็บเบราว์เซอร์) หรือแอตทริบิวต์สไตล์แบบอินไลน์ == การใช้อักษรกับข้อความ == เพื่อวัตถุประสงค์ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความ มีแม่แบบ {{temp|lang}} ซึ่งทำหน้าที่เป็นตัวห่อหุ้มสำหรับข้อกำหนดการจัดรูปแบบที่กำหนดไว้ล่วงหน้า เป็นแม่แบบ “พื้นฐาน” ที่ใช้เฉพาะการจัดรูปแบบเฉพาะภาษาและอักษรเท่านั้น แต่ไม่ได้ทำอะไรอย่างอื่น สามารถใช้ในสถานการณ์ที่ต้องการเขียนข้อความที่ไม่ใช่อักษรละตินโดยทั่วไป แม่แบบนี้รับพารามิเตอร์รหัสภาษาที่จำเป็นและข้อความที่จะห่อหุ้ม พารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} ที่เป็นตัวเลือกใช้เพื่อแทนที่อักษรที่ตรวจพบโดยอัตโนมัติหากจำเป็น พารามิเตอร์ {{para|face}} สามารถใช้เพื่อใช้สไตล์เฉพาะกับข้อความ ซึ่งสามารถเป็น {{code|term}}, {{code|head}}, {{code|bold}} หรือว่างเปล่าสำหรับข้อความปกติ ซึ่งช่วยให้สามารถใช้เอฟเฟกต์ตัวเอนและตัวหนาเฉพาะอักษรนั้น พร้อมการจัดรูปแบบที่เหมาะสมกับข้อกำหนดของอักษรนั้น ๆ รวมถึงเพื่อเพิ่มความอ่านง่าย แม่แบบส่วนใหญ่ที่แสดงข้อความที่ไม่ใช่ภาษาอังกฤษก็จะมีพารามิเตอร์ภาษา และพารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} เพื่อแทนที่อักษรที่ตรวจจับโดยอัตโนมัติ ซึ่งรวมถึงแม่แบบที่ใช้กันอย่างแพร่หลาย เช่น {{temp|l}}, {{temp|m}}, {{temp|t}}, {{temp|head}} และ {{temp|form of}}: * {{temp|lang|sh|вријеме|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{lang|sh|вријеме|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|m|sh|вријеме|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{m|sh|вријеме|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|head|sh|คำนาม|g{{=}}n|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{head|head=вријеме|sh|คำนาม|g=n|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|t|sh|вријеме|n|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{t|sh|вријеме|n|sc=Cyrl}} แม่แบบส่วนใหญ่ รวมถึงแม่แบบทั้งหมดที่ระบุไว้ข้างต้น จะทำการตรวจจับอักษรโดยอัตโนมัติ โดยจะตรวจสอบข้อความที่ให้มา และพยายามตัดสินว่าใช้อักษรใดของภาษานั้น (ที่ระบุไว้ในมอดูลย่อยข้อมูล [[มอดูล:languages]]) ดังนั้น พารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} จึงแทบไม่จำเป็นต้องใช้ อย่างไรก็ตาม จำเป็นต้องระบุพารามิเตอร์นี้หากข้อความเขียนด้วยอักษรที่ไม่ใช่อักษรที่รู้จักของภาษานั้น * {{temp|l|sh|vrijeme}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|vrijeme}} (อักษรเริ่มต้นของภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชียคือ “Latn”) * {{temp|l|sh|вријеме}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|вријеме}} (แม่แบบจะรู้จักข้อความที่เขียนด้วยอักษรอื่น ๆ ที่ระบุไว้สำหรับภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย ในกรณีนี้คืออักษรซีริลลิก) * {{temp|l|sh|β|sc{{=}}Grek}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|β|sc=Grek}} (อย่างไรก็ตาม หากคุณต้องการเขียนตัวอักษรกรีกในภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย คุณต้องระบุรหัสอักษร เนื่องจากภาษากรีกไม่ใช่หนึ่งในอักษรปกติสำหรับภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย) === กรณีที่จำเป็นต้องใช้พารามิเตอร์อักษร === ในกรณีส่วนใหญ่ ไม่จำเป็นต้องใช้พารามิเตอร์อักษร เนื่องจากโค้ดฝั่งเซิร์ฟเวอร์จะจัดการการติดแท็กอักษรโดยอัตโนมัติ กรณีที่จำเป็นต้องใช้ {{para|sc}} จะเกิดขึ้นเฉพาะเมื่อไม่สามารถทำได้เท่านั้น ตัวอย่างเช่น: * {{temp|m|el|;|sc=Grek}} — ในภาษากรีก เมื่อคำนั้นไม่มีตัวอักษรกรีก แต่ใช้ในข้อความที่เขียนด้วยอักษรกรีก * {{temp|m|zh|man|t=manly|sc=Hani}} — ในคำศัพท์ใหม่ของภาษาจีน (ส่วนใหญ่ยืมมาจากภาษาอังกฤษ) เมื่อใช้คำที่เขียนด้วยอักษรละตินในข้อความที่เขียนด้วยอักษรฮั่น และไม่ใช่การถอดเสียงเป็นอักษรโรมัน (romanization) ดังนั้นจึงไม่ควรติดแท็กเป็น {{code|Latn}} (อักษรละติน) ** {{temp|m|cmn|man}} — พยางค์พินอินเสียงกลาง ตรวจจับโดยอัตโนมัติว่าเป็นอักษรละติน * ในภาษาโรมาเนีย ซึ่งใช้ {{code|Cyrl}} (อักษรซีริลลิก) และ {{code|Cyrs}} (อักษรซีริลลิกเก่า) ซึ่งมีตัวอักษรเหมือนกัน แต่ {{code|Cyrl}} แทนภาษามอลโดวาในปัจจุบัน และ {{code|Cyrs}} แทนการเขียนอักษรซีริลลิกที่เก่ากว่า gxc4t1yfw718heyz6c6m34ryihidtdu 5753652 5753650 2026-08-01T15:52:45Z OctraBot 3198 5753652 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:S|WT:SCR|WT:SCRIPTS}} :''หน้านี้เกี่ยวกับระบบการเขียน สำหรับรายชื่อสคริปต์ของผู้ใช้ ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สคริปต์ผู้ใช้]]; สำหรับข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับการเขียนโปรแกรมในภาษาลูอา ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สกรีบุนโต]]'' :''สำหรับรายการรหัสอักษรทั้งหมด ดูที่ '''[[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' '''อักษร''' หรือ '''ระบบการเขียน''' คือกลุ่มของตัวอักษรหรืออักขระ == ข้อกำหนด == ในวิกิพจนานุกรม แต่ละอักษรจะถูกระบุด้วย ''รหัส'' และ ''ชื่อ'' รหัสอักษรมาจาก {{w|ISO 15924}} ([[ภาคผนวก:ISO 15924|ภาคผนวก]], [http://www.unicode.org/iso15924/iso15924-codes.html unicode.org]) โดยมีการเพิ่มเติมบางส่วน ตัวอย่างเช่น: * {{code|Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ * {{code|Cyrl}}: อักษรซีริลลิก * {{code|Latn}}: อักษรละติน รหัสอักษรบางรหัสในวิกิพจนานุกรม (ที่ใช้สำหรับอักษรหลากหลายรูปแบบของภาษาต่าง ๆ) จะตั้งชื่อโดยการรวมรหัสอักษร ISO และรหัสภาษาของวิกิพจนานุกรมเข้าด้วยกัน * {{code|fa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาเปอร์เซีย) * {{code|ks-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาแคชเมียร์) * {{code|ota-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาตุรกีแบบออตโตมัน) * {{code|pa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาปัญจาบ) * {{code|pjt-Latn}}: อักษรละติน (ของภาษาปีชันชาชารา) * {{code|ur-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาอูร์ดู) นอกจากนี้ยังมีรหัสที่มีชื่อพิเศษบางรหัส: * {{code|None}}: หมายถึงไม่มีการจัดรูปแบบใด ๆ เลย ใช้เป็นอักษร “ว่างเปล่า” หรือ “ไม่ทราบ” สำหรับภาษาที่ยังไม่ได้ระบุอักษรไว้ใน [[มอดูล:languages]] * {{code|Polyt}}: หมายถึงข้อความภาษากรีกโบราณ (ตรงข้ามกับสมัยใหม่) ซึ่งใช้เครื่องหมายกำกับเสียงหลายเสียง * {{code|Music}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญกรณ์ดนตรี * {{code|Morse}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์รหัสมอร์ส * {{code|Semap}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์สัญญาณธง * {{code|Ipach}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวอักษรจากสัทอักษรสากล (IPA) * {{code|Rumin}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวเลขรูมี (ดู {{w|Rumi Numeral Symbols}}) '''รายการรหัสอักษรที่วิกิพจนานุกรมรับรองทั้งหมดสามารถดูได้ที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' == หน้าที่ == === โครงสร้าง === ตาม [[WT:CFI|เกณฑ์การรวม]] ของเรา วิกิพจนานุกรมซึ่งเป็นพจนานุกรมของคำศัพท์ทุกคำในทุกภาษา จึงมีคำจำกัดความสำหรับตัวอักษรแต่ละตัว ดังนั้นเราจึงจำเป็นต้องทราบว่าตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นเป็นอักษรชนิดใด ความรู้นี้ยังช่วยในการจัดระเบียบตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นโดยการจัดหมวดหมู่และอธิบายเพิ่มเติมในภาคผนวก อักษรต่าง ๆ ถูกกำหนดไว้ใน [[มอดูล:scripts/data]] === การจัดรูปแบบ === นอกจากนี้ ข้อความบางส่วนอาจได้รับการจัดรูปแบบตามอักษรที่ใช้ โดยใช้แท็ก HTML span ครอบไว้ ในทางทฤษฎีแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์ควรจัดการการจัดรูปแบบโดยอัตโนมัติ แต่ในทางปฏิบัติแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์มักทำได้ไม่ดีนัก ดังนั้น การจัดรูปแบบ (ทิศทางข้อความ ตระกูลฟอนต์ หรือขนาดฟอนต์) จึงถูกควบคุมโดยการใช้แอตทริบิวต์ class ของ HTML (ซึ่งสามารถใช้ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความโดยใช้ [[มีเดียวิกิ:Common.css|สไตล์ชีตแบบเรียงซ้อนส่วนกลาง (CSS)]], [[วิธีใช้:สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้|สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้]] ของผู้แก้ไขที่ลงทะเบียน หรือสไตล์ชีตของผู้ใช้ของเว็บเบราว์เซอร์) หรือแอตทริบิวต์สไตล์แบบอินไลน์ == การใช้อักษรกับข้อความ == เพื่อวัตถุประสงค์ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความ มีแม่แบบ {{temp|lang}} ซึ่งทำหน้าที่เป็นตัวห่อหุ้มสำหรับข้อกำหนดการจัดรูปแบบที่กำหนดไว้ล่วงหน้า เป็นแม่แบบ “พื้นฐาน” ที่ใช้เฉพาะการจัดรูปแบบเฉพาะภาษาและอักษรเท่านั้น แต่ไม่ได้ทำอะไรอย่างอื่น สามารถใช้ในสถานการณ์ที่ต้องการเขียนข้อความที่ไม่ใช่อักษรละตินโดยทั่วไป แม่แบบนี้รับพารามิเตอร์รหัสภาษาที่จำเป็นและข้อความที่จะห่อหุ้ม พารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} ที่เป็นตัวเลือกใช้เพื่อแทนที่อักษรที่ตรวจพบโดยอัตโนมัติหากจำเป็น พารามิเตอร์ {{para|face}} สามารถใช้เพื่อใช้สไตล์เฉพาะกับข้อความ ซึ่งสามารถเป็น {{code|term}}, {{code|head}}, {{code|bold}} หรือว่างเปล่าสำหรับข้อความปกติ ซึ่งช่วยให้สามารถใช้เอฟเฟกต์ตัวเอนและตัวหนาเฉพาะอักษรนั้น พร้อมการจัดรูปแบบที่เหมาะสมกับข้อกำหนดของอักษรนั้น ๆ รวมถึงเพื่อเพิ่มความอ่านง่าย แม่แบบส่วนใหญ่ที่แสดงข้อความที่ไม่ใช่ภาษาอังกฤษก็จะมีพารามิเตอร์ภาษา และพารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} เพื่อแทนที่อักษรที่ตรวจจับโดยอัตโนมัติ ซึ่งรวมถึงแม่แบบที่ใช้กันอย่างแพร่หลาย เช่น {{temp|l}}, {{temp|m}}, {{temp|t}}, {{temp|head}} และ {{temp|form of}}: * {{temp|lang|sh|вријеме|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{lang|sh|вријеме|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|m|sh|вријеме|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{m|sh|вријеме|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|head|sh|คำนาม|g{{=}}n|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{head|head=вријеме|sh|คำนาม|g=n|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|t|sh|вријеме|n|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{t|sh|вријеме|n|sc=Cyrl}} แม่แบบส่วนใหญ่ รวมถึงแม่แบบทั้งหมดที่ระบุไว้ข้างต้น จะทำการตรวจจับอักษรโดยอัตโนมัติ โดยจะตรวจสอบข้อความที่ให้มา และพยายามตัดสินว่าใช้อักษรใดของภาษานั้น (ที่ระบุไว้ในมอดูลย่อยข้อมูล [[มอดูล:languages]]) ดังนั้น พารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} จึงแทบไม่จำเป็นต้องใช้ อย่างไรก็ตาม จำเป็นต้องระบุพารามิเตอร์นี้หากข้อความเขียนด้วยอักษรที่ไม่ใช่อักษรที่รู้จักของภาษานั้น * {{temp|l|sh|vrijeme}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|vrijeme}} (อักษรเริ่มต้นของภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชียคือ “Latn”) * {{temp|l|sh|вријеме}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|вријеме}} (แม่แบบจะรู้จักข้อความที่เขียนด้วยอักษรอื่น ๆ ที่ระบุไว้สำหรับภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย ในกรณีนี้คืออักษรซีริลลิก) * {{temp|l|sh|β|sc{{=}}Grek}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|β|sc=Grek}} (อย่างไรก็ตาม หากคุณต้องการเขียนตัวอักษรกรีกในภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย คุณต้องระบุรหัสอักษร เนื่องจากภาษากรีกไม่ใช่หนึ่งในอักษรปกติสำหรับภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย) === กรณีที่จำเป็นต้องใช้พารามิเตอร์อักษร === ในกรณีส่วนใหญ่ ไม่จำเป็นต้องใช้พารามิเตอร์อักษร เนื่องจากโค้ดฝั่งเซิร์ฟเวอร์จะจัดการการติดแท็กอักษรโดยอัตโนมัติ กรณีที่จำเป็นต้องใช้ {{para|sc}} จะเกิดขึ้นเฉพาะเมื่อไม่สามารถทำได้เท่านั้น ตัวอย่างเช่น: * {{temp|m|el|;|sc=Grek}} — ในภาษากรีก เมื่อคำนั้นไม่มีตัวอักษรกรีก แต่ใช้ในข้อความที่เขียนด้วยอักษรกรีก * {{temp|m|zh|man|t=manly|sc=Hani}} — ในคำศัพท์ใหม่ของภาษาจีน (ส่วนใหญ่ยืมมาจากภาษาอังกฤษ) เมื่อใช้คำที่เขียนด้วยอักษรละตินในข้อความที่เขียนด้วยอักษรฮั่น และไม่ใช่การถอดเสียงเป็นอักษรโรมัน (romanization) ดังนั้นจึงไม่ควรติดแท็กเป็น {{code|Latn}} (อักษรละติน) ** {{temp|m|cmn|man}} — พยางค์พินอินเสียงกลาง ตรวจจับโดยอัตโนมัติว่าเป็นอักษรละติน * ในภาษาโรมาเนีย ซึ่งใช้ {{code|Cyrl}} (อักษรซีริลลิก) และ {{code|Cyrs}} (อักษรซีริลลิกเก่า) ซึ่งมีตัวอักษรเหมือนกัน แต่ {{code|Cyrl}} แทนภาษามอลโดวาในปัจจุบัน และ {{code|Cyrs}} แทนการเขียนอักษรซีริลลิกที่เก่ากว่า ==List of script codes== {{main|Wiktionary:List of scripts}} As of April 2023, Wiktionary has incorporated all ISO 15924 codes (see [[Appendix:ISO 15924]]) apart from the following: {{code|Aran}}, {{code|Cirt}}, {{code|Hanb}}, {{code|Jamo}}, {{code|Pcun}}, {{code|Pelm}}, {{code|Piqd}}, {{code|Psin}}, {{code|Sara}}, {{code|Syre}}, {{code|Syrj}}, {{code|Syrn}}, {{code|Zinh}}, {{code|Zsye}}, {{code|Zxxx}}. (The ISO also reserved several spaces for codes; these have not been incorporated.) Wiktionary also uses several codes which are not listed in ISO 15924. These are included in the central [[Wiktionary:List of scripts|list of scripts]], and include codes for varieties of Arabic ({{code|fa-Arab}}, etc.), varieties of Latin ({{code|pjt-Latn}}), polytonic Greek ({{code|Polyt}}) and some other things (such as {{code|mnc-Mong}}), as well as codes for musical notation ({{code|Music}}) and the IPA ({{code|Ipach}}). The code {{code|None}} functions like a script code in some ways. == รายชื่อรหัสอักษร == {{main|วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร}} ณ เดือนเมษายน 2023 วิกิพจนานุกรมได้รวมรหัส ISO 15924 ทั้งหมดแล้ว (ดู [[ภาคผนวก:ISO 15924]]) ยกเว้นรหัสต่อไปนี้: {{code|Aran}}, {{code|Cirt}}, {{code|Hanb}}, {{code|Jamo}}, {{code|Pcun}}, {{code|Pelm}}, {{code|Piqd}}, {{code|Psin}}, {{code|Sara}}, {{code|Syre}}, {{code|Syrj}}, {{code|Syrn}}, {{code|Zinh}}, {{code|Zsye}}, {{code|Zxxx}} (มาตรฐาน ISO ยังได้สงวนพื้นที่ไว้สำหรับรหัสหลายรายการ แต่ไม่ได้นำมาใช้) นอกจากนี้ วิกิพจนานุกรมยังใช้รหัสหลายรายการที่ไม่ได้ระบุไว้ใน ISO 15924 รหัสเหล่านี้รวมอยู่ใน [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร|รายชื่ออักษร]] ส่วนกลาง ซึ่งรวมถึงรหัสสำหรับภาษาอาหรับหลายแบบ ({{code|fa-Arab}}, เป็นต้น) ภาษาละตินหลายแบบ ({{code|pjt-Latn}}) ภาษากรีกหลายเสียง ({{code|Polyt}}) และอื่น ๆ (เช่น {{code|mnc-Mong}}) รวมถึงรหัสสำหรับสัญกรณ์ดนตรี ({{code|Music}}) และ IPA ({{code|Ipach}}) ส่วนรหัส {{code|None}} ทำหน้าที่คล้ายกับรหัสอักษรในบางกรณี fdqectthdseygiduezd8k3vki2v6ygo 5753653 5753652 2026-08-01T15:52:56Z OctraBot 3198 /* List of script codes */ 5753653 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:S|WT:SCR|WT:SCRIPTS}} :''หน้านี้เกี่ยวกับระบบการเขียน สำหรับรายชื่อสคริปต์ของผู้ใช้ ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สคริปต์ผู้ใช้]]; สำหรับข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับการเขียนโปรแกรมในภาษาลูอา ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สกรีบุนโต]]'' :''สำหรับรายการรหัสอักษรทั้งหมด ดูที่ '''[[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' '''อักษร''' หรือ '''ระบบการเขียน''' คือกลุ่มของตัวอักษรหรืออักขระ == ข้อกำหนด == ในวิกิพจนานุกรม แต่ละอักษรจะถูกระบุด้วย ''รหัส'' และ ''ชื่อ'' รหัสอักษรมาจาก {{w|ISO 15924}} ([[ภาคผนวก:ISO 15924|ภาคผนวก]], [http://www.unicode.org/iso15924/iso15924-codes.html unicode.org]) โดยมีการเพิ่มเติมบางส่วน ตัวอย่างเช่น: * {{code|Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ * {{code|Cyrl}}: อักษรซีริลลิก * {{code|Latn}}: อักษรละติน รหัสอักษรบางรหัสในวิกิพจนานุกรม (ที่ใช้สำหรับอักษรหลากหลายรูปแบบของภาษาต่าง ๆ) จะตั้งชื่อโดยการรวมรหัสอักษร ISO และรหัสภาษาของวิกิพจนานุกรมเข้าด้วยกัน * {{code|fa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาเปอร์เซีย) * {{code|ks-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาแคชเมียร์) * {{code|ota-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาตุรกีแบบออตโตมัน) * {{code|pa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาปัญจาบ) * {{code|pjt-Latn}}: อักษรละติน (ของภาษาปีชันชาชารา) * {{code|ur-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาอูร์ดู) นอกจากนี้ยังมีรหัสที่มีชื่อพิเศษบางรหัส: * {{code|None}}: หมายถึงไม่มีการจัดรูปแบบใด ๆ เลย ใช้เป็นอักษร “ว่างเปล่า” หรือ “ไม่ทราบ” สำหรับภาษาที่ยังไม่ได้ระบุอักษรไว้ใน [[มอดูล:languages]] * {{code|Polyt}}: หมายถึงข้อความภาษากรีกโบราณ (ตรงข้ามกับสมัยใหม่) ซึ่งใช้เครื่องหมายกำกับเสียงหลายเสียง * {{code|Music}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญกรณ์ดนตรี * {{code|Morse}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์รหัสมอร์ส * {{code|Semap}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์สัญญาณธง * {{code|Ipach}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวอักษรจากสัทอักษรสากล (IPA) * {{code|Rumin}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวเลขรูมี (ดู {{w|Rumi Numeral Symbols}}) '''รายการรหัสอักษรที่วิกิพจนานุกรมรับรองทั้งหมดสามารถดูได้ที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' == หน้าที่ == === โครงสร้าง === ตาม [[WT:CFI|เกณฑ์การรวม]] ของเรา วิกิพจนานุกรมซึ่งเป็นพจนานุกรมของคำศัพท์ทุกคำในทุกภาษา จึงมีคำจำกัดความสำหรับตัวอักษรแต่ละตัว ดังนั้นเราจึงจำเป็นต้องทราบว่าตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นเป็นอักษรชนิดใด ความรู้นี้ยังช่วยในการจัดระเบียบตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นโดยการจัดหมวดหมู่และอธิบายเพิ่มเติมในภาคผนวก อักษรต่าง ๆ ถูกกำหนดไว้ใน [[มอดูล:scripts/data]] === การจัดรูปแบบ === นอกจากนี้ ข้อความบางส่วนอาจได้รับการจัดรูปแบบตามอักษรที่ใช้ โดยใช้แท็ก HTML span ครอบไว้ ในทางทฤษฎีแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์ควรจัดการการจัดรูปแบบโดยอัตโนมัติ แต่ในทางปฏิบัติแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์มักทำได้ไม่ดีนัก ดังนั้น การจัดรูปแบบ (ทิศทางข้อความ ตระกูลฟอนต์ หรือขนาดฟอนต์) จึงถูกควบคุมโดยการใช้แอตทริบิวต์ class ของ HTML (ซึ่งสามารถใช้ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความโดยใช้ [[มีเดียวิกิ:Common.css|สไตล์ชีตแบบเรียงซ้อนส่วนกลาง (CSS)]], [[วิธีใช้:สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้|สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้]] ของผู้แก้ไขที่ลงทะเบียน หรือสไตล์ชีตของผู้ใช้ของเว็บเบราว์เซอร์) หรือแอตทริบิวต์สไตล์แบบอินไลน์ == การใช้อักษรกับข้อความ == เพื่อวัตถุประสงค์ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความ มีแม่แบบ {{temp|lang}} ซึ่งทำหน้าที่เป็นตัวห่อหุ้มสำหรับข้อกำหนดการจัดรูปแบบที่กำหนดไว้ล่วงหน้า เป็นแม่แบบ “พื้นฐาน” ที่ใช้เฉพาะการจัดรูปแบบเฉพาะภาษาและอักษรเท่านั้น แต่ไม่ได้ทำอะไรอย่างอื่น สามารถใช้ในสถานการณ์ที่ต้องการเขียนข้อความที่ไม่ใช่อักษรละตินโดยทั่วไป แม่แบบนี้รับพารามิเตอร์รหัสภาษาที่จำเป็นและข้อความที่จะห่อหุ้ม พารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} ที่เป็นตัวเลือกใช้เพื่อแทนที่อักษรที่ตรวจพบโดยอัตโนมัติหากจำเป็น พารามิเตอร์ {{para|face}} สามารถใช้เพื่อใช้สไตล์เฉพาะกับข้อความ ซึ่งสามารถเป็น {{code|term}}, {{code|head}}, {{code|bold}} หรือว่างเปล่าสำหรับข้อความปกติ ซึ่งช่วยให้สามารถใช้เอฟเฟกต์ตัวเอนและตัวหนาเฉพาะอักษรนั้น พร้อมการจัดรูปแบบที่เหมาะสมกับข้อกำหนดของอักษรนั้น ๆ รวมถึงเพื่อเพิ่มความอ่านง่าย แม่แบบส่วนใหญ่ที่แสดงข้อความที่ไม่ใช่ภาษาอังกฤษก็จะมีพารามิเตอร์ภาษา และพารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} เพื่อแทนที่อักษรที่ตรวจจับโดยอัตโนมัติ ซึ่งรวมถึงแม่แบบที่ใช้กันอย่างแพร่หลาย เช่น {{temp|l}}, {{temp|m}}, {{temp|t}}, {{temp|head}} และ {{temp|form of}}: * {{temp|lang|sh|вријеме|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{lang|sh|вријеме|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|m|sh|вријеме|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{m|sh|вријеме|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|head|sh|คำนาม|g{{=}}n|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{head|head=вријеме|sh|คำนาม|g=n|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|t|sh|вријеме|n|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{t|sh|вријеме|n|sc=Cyrl}} แม่แบบส่วนใหญ่ รวมถึงแม่แบบทั้งหมดที่ระบุไว้ข้างต้น จะทำการตรวจจับอักษรโดยอัตโนมัติ โดยจะตรวจสอบข้อความที่ให้มา และพยายามตัดสินว่าใช้อักษรใดของภาษานั้น (ที่ระบุไว้ในมอดูลย่อยข้อมูล [[มอดูล:languages]]) ดังนั้น พารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} จึงแทบไม่จำเป็นต้องใช้ อย่างไรก็ตาม จำเป็นต้องระบุพารามิเตอร์นี้หากข้อความเขียนด้วยอักษรที่ไม่ใช่อักษรที่รู้จักของภาษานั้น * {{temp|l|sh|vrijeme}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|vrijeme}} (อักษรเริ่มต้นของภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชียคือ “Latn”) * {{temp|l|sh|вријеме}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|вријеме}} (แม่แบบจะรู้จักข้อความที่เขียนด้วยอักษรอื่น ๆ ที่ระบุไว้สำหรับภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย ในกรณีนี้คืออักษรซีริลลิก) * {{temp|l|sh|β|sc{{=}}Grek}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|β|sc=Grek}} (อย่างไรก็ตาม หากคุณต้องการเขียนตัวอักษรกรีกในภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย คุณต้องระบุรหัสอักษร เนื่องจากภาษากรีกไม่ใช่หนึ่งในอักษรปกติสำหรับภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย) === กรณีที่จำเป็นต้องใช้พารามิเตอร์อักษร === ในกรณีส่วนใหญ่ ไม่จำเป็นต้องใช้พารามิเตอร์อักษร เนื่องจากโค้ดฝั่งเซิร์ฟเวอร์จะจัดการการติดแท็กอักษรโดยอัตโนมัติ กรณีที่จำเป็นต้องใช้ {{para|sc}} จะเกิดขึ้นเฉพาะเมื่อไม่สามารถทำได้เท่านั้น ตัวอย่างเช่น: * {{temp|m|el|;|sc=Grek}} — ในภาษากรีก เมื่อคำนั้นไม่มีตัวอักษรกรีก แต่ใช้ในข้อความที่เขียนด้วยอักษรกรีก * {{temp|m|zh|man|t=manly|sc=Hani}} — ในคำศัพท์ใหม่ของภาษาจีน (ส่วนใหญ่ยืมมาจากภาษาอังกฤษ) เมื่อใช้คำที่เขียนด้วยอักษรละตินในข้อความที่เขียนด้วยอักษรฮั่น และไม่ใช่การถอดเสียงเป็นอักษรโรมัน (romanization) ดังนั้นจึงไม่ควรติดแท็กเป็น {{code|Latn}} (อักษรละติน) ** {{temp|m|cmn|man}} — พยางค์พินอินเสียงกลาง ตรวจจับโดยอัตโนมัติว่าเป็นอักษรละติน * ในภาษาโรมาเนีย ซึ่งใช้ {{code|Cyrl}} (อักษรซีริลลิก) และ {{code|Cyrs}} (อักษรซีริลลิกเก่า) ซึ่งมีตัวอักษรเหมือนกัน แต่ {{code|Cyrl}} แทนภาษามอลโดวาในปัจจุบัน และ {{code|Cyrs}} แทนการเขียนอักษรซีริลลิกที่เก่ากว่า == รายชื่อรหัสอักษร == {{main|วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร}} ณ เดือนเมษายน 2023 วิกิพจนานุกรมได้รวมรหัส ISO 15924 ทั้งหมดแล้ว (ดู [[ภาคผนวก:ISO 15924]]) ยกเว้นรหัสต่อไปนี้: {{code|Aran}}, {{code|Cirt}}, {{code|Hanb}}, {{code|Jamo}}, {{code|Pcun}}, {{code|Pelm}}, {{code|Piqd}}, {{code|Psin}}, {{code|Sara}}, {{code|Syre}}, {{code|Syrj}}, {{code|Syrn}}, {{code|Zinh}}, {{code|Zsye}}, {{code|Zxxx}} (มาตรฐาน ISO ยังได้สงวนพื้นที่ไว้สำหรับรหัสหลายรายการ แต่ไม่ได้นำมาใช้) นอกจากนี้ วิกิพจนานุกรมยังใช้รหัสหลายรายการที่ไม่ได้ระบุไว้ใน ISO 15924 รหัสเหล่านี้รวมอยู่ใน [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร|รายชื่ออักษร]] ส่วนกลาง ซึ่งรวมถึงรหัสสำหรับภาษาอาหรับหลายแบบ ({{code|fa-Arab}}, เป็นต้น) ภาษาละตินหลายแบบ ({{code|pjt-Latn}}) ภาษากรีกหลายเสียง ({{code|Polyt}}) และอื่น ๆ (เช่น {{code|mnc-Mong}}) รวมถึงรหัสสำหรับสัญกรณ์ดนตรี ({{code|Music}}) และ IPA ({{code|Ipach}}) ส่วนรหัส {{code|None}} ทำหน้าที่คล้ายกับรหัสอักษรในบางกรณี ldgzz3ak6nvhtwmw4h479v9bd0y1u0s 5753654 5753653 2026-08-01T15:53:37Z OctraBot 3198 /* รายชื่อรหัสอักษร */ 5753654 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:S|WT:SCR|WT:SCRIPTS}} :''หน้านี้เกี่ยวกับระบบการเขียน สำหรับรายชื่อสคริปต์ของผู้ใช้ ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สคริปต์ผู้ใช้]]; สำหรับข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับการเขียนโปรแกรมในภาษาลูอา ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สกรีบุนโต]]'' :''สำหรับรายการรหัสอักษรทั้งหมด ดูที่ '''[[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' '''อักษร''' หรือ '''ระบบการเขียน''' คือกลุ่มของตัวอักษรหรืออักขระ == ข้อกำหนด == ในวิกิพจนานุกรม แต่ละอักษรจะถูกระบุด้วย ''รหัส'' และ ''ชื่อ'' รหัสอักษรมาจาก {{w|ISO 15924}} ([[ภาคผนวก:ISO 15924|ภาคผนวก]], [http://www.unicode.org/iso15924/iso15924-codes.html unicode.org]) โดยมีการเพิ่มเติมบางส่วน ตัวอย่างเช่น: * {{code|Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ * {{code|Cyrl}}: อักษรซีริลลิก * {{code|Latn}}: อักษรละติน รหัสอักษรบางรหัสในวิกิพจนานุกรม (ที่ใช้สำหรับอักษรหลากหลายรูปแบบของภาษาต่าง ๆ) จะตั้งชื่อโดยการรวมรหัสอักษร ISO และรหัสภาษาของวิกิพจนานุกรมเข้าด้วยกัน * {{code|fa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาเปอร์เซีย) * {{code|ks-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาแคชเมียร์) * {{code|ota-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาตุรกีแบบออตโตมัน) * {{code|pa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาปัญจาบ) * {{code|pjt-Latn}}: อักษรละติน (ของภาษาปีชันชาชารา) * {{code|ur-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาอูร์ดู) นอกจากนี้ยังมีรหัสที่มีชื่อพิเศษบางรหัส: * {{code|None}}: หมายถึงไม่มีการจัดรูปแบบใด ๆ เลย ใช้เป็นอักษร “ว่างเปล่า” หรือ “ไม่ทราบ” สำหรับภาษาที่ยังไม่ได้ระบุอักษรไว้ใน [[มอดูล:languages]] * {{code|Polyt}}: หมายถึงข้อความภาษากรีกโบราณ (ตรงข้ามกับสมัยใหม่) ซึ่งใช้เครื่องหมายกำกับเสียงหลายเสียง * {{code|Music}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญกรณ์ดนตรี * {{code|Morse}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์รหัสมอร์ส * {{code|Semap}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์สัญญาณธง * {{code|Ipach}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวอักษรจากสัทอักษรสากล (IPA) * {{code|Rumin}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวเลขรูมี (ดู {{w|Rumi Numeral Symbols}}) '''รายการรหัสอักษรที่วิกิพจนานุกรมรับรองทั้งหมดสามารถดูได้ที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' == หน้าที่ == === โครงสร้าง === ตาม [[WT:CFI|เกณฑ์การรวม]] ของเรา วิกิพจนานุกรมซึ่งเป็นพจนานุกรมของคำศัพท์ทุกคำในทุกภาษา จึงมีคำจำกัดความสำหรับตัวอักษรแต่ละตัว ดังนั้นเราจึงจำเป็นต้องทราบว่าตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นเป็นอักษรชนิดใด ความรู้นี้ยังช่วยในการจัดระเบียบตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นโดยการจัดหมวดหมู่และอธิบายเพิ่มเติมในภาคผนวก อักษรต่าง ๆ ถูกกำหนดไว้ใน [[มอดูล:scripts/data]] === การจัดรูปแบบ === นอกจากนี้ ข้อความบางส่วนอาจได้รับการจัดรูปแบบตามอักษรที่ใช้ โดยใช้แท็ก HTML span ครอบไว้ ในทางทฤษฎีแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์ควรจัดการการจัดรูปแบบโดยอัตโนมัติ แต่ในทางปฏิบัติแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์มักทำได้ไม่ดีนัก ดังนั้น การจัดรูปแบบ (ทิศทางข้อความ ตระกูลฟอนต์ หรือขนาดฟอนต์) จึงถูกควบคุมโดยการใช้แอตทริบิวต์ class ของ HTML (ซึ่งสามารถใช้ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความโดยใช้ [[มีเดียวิกิ:Common.css|สไตล์ชีตแบบเรียงซ้อนส่วนกลาง (CSS)]], [[วิธีใช้:สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้|สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้]] ของผู้แก้ไขที่ลงทะเบียน หรือสไตล์ชีตของผู้ใช้ของเว็บเบราว์เซอร์) หรือแอตทริบิวต์สไตล์แบบอินไลน์ == การใช้อักษรกับข้อความ == เพื่อวัตถุประสงค์ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความ มีแม่แบบ {{temp|lang}} ซึ่งทำหน้าที่เป็นตัวห่อหุ้มสำหรับข้อกำหนดการจัดรูปแบบที่กำหนดไว้ล่วงหน้า เป็นแม่แบบ “พื้นฐาน” ที่ใช้เฉพาะการจัดรูปแบบเฉพาะภาษาและอักษรเท่านั้น แต่ไม่ได้ทำอะไรอย่างอื่น สามารถใช้ในสถานการณ์ที่ต้องการเขียนข้อความที่ไม่ใช่อักษรละตินโดยทั่วไป แม่แบบนี้รับพารามิเตอร์รหัสภาษาที่จำเป็นและข้อความที่จะห่อหุ้ม พารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} ที่เป็นตัวเลือกใช้เพื่อแทนที่อักษรที่ตรวจพบโดยอัตโนมัติหากจำเป็น พารามิเตอร์ {{para|face}} สามารถใช้เพื่อใช้สไตล์เฉพาะกับข้อความ ซึ่งสามารถเป็น {{code|term}}, {{code|head}}, {{code|bold}} หรือว่างเปล่าสำหรับข้อความปกติ ซึ่งช่วยให้สามารถใช้เอฟเฟกต์ตัวเอนและตัวหนาเฉพาะอักษรนั้น พร้อมการจัดรูปแบบที่เหมาะสมกับข้อกำหนดของอักษรนั้น ๆ รวมถึงเพื่อเพิ่มความอ่านง่าย แม่แบบส่วนใหญ่ที่แสดงข้อความที่ไม่ใช่ภาษาอังกฤษก็จะมีพารามิเตอร์ภาษา และพารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} เพื่อแทนที่อักษรที่ตรวจจับโดยอัตโนมัติ ซึ่งรวมถึงแม่แบบที่ใช้กันอย่างแพร่หลาย เช่น {{temp|l}}, {{temp|m}}, {{temp|t}}, {{temp|head}} และ {{temp|form of}}: * {{temp|lang|sh|вријеме|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{lang|sh|вријеме|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|m|sh|вријеме|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{m|sh|вријеме|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|head|sh|คำนาม|g{{=}}n|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{head|head=вријеме|sh|คำนาม|g=n|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|t|sh|вријеме|n|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{t|sh|вријеме|n|sc=Cyrl}} แม่แบบส่วนใหญ่ รวมถึงแม่แบบทั้งหมดที่ระบุไว้ข้างต้น จะทำการตรวจจับอักษรโดยอัตโนมัติ โดยจะตรวจสอบข้อความที่ให้มา และพยายามตัดสินว่าใช้อักษรใดของภาษานั้น (ที่ระบุไว้ในมอดูลย่อยข้อมูล [[มอดูล:languages]]) ดังนั้น พารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} จึงแทบไม่จำเป็นต้องใช้ อย่างไรก็ตาม จำเป็นต้องระบุพารามิเตอร์นี้หากข้อความเขียนด้วยอักษรที่ไม่ใช่อักษรที่รู้จักของภาษานั้น * {{temp|l|sh|vrijeme}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|vrijeme}} (อักษรเริ่มต้นของภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชียคือ “Latn”) * {{temp|l|sh|вријеме}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|вријеме}} (แม่แบบจะรู้จักข้อความที่เขียนด้วยอักษรอื่น ๆ ที่ระบุไว้สำหรับภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย ในกรณีนี้คืออักษรซีริลลิก) * {{temp|l|sh|β|sc{{=}}Grek}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|β|sc=Grek}} (อย่างไรก็ตาม หากคุณต้องการเขียนตัวอักษรกรีกในภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย คุณต้องระบุรหัสอักษร เนื่องจากภาษากรีกไม่ใช่หนึ่งในอักษรปกติสำหรับภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย) === กรณีที่จำเป็นต้องใช้พารามิเตอร์อักษร === ในกรณีส่วนใหญ่ ไม่จำเป็นต้องใช้พารามิเตอร์อักษร เนื่องจากโค้ดฝั่งเซิร์ฟเวอร์จะจัดการการติดแท็กอักษรโดยอัตโนมัติ กรณีที่จำเป็นต้องใช้ {{para|sc}} จะเกิดขึ้นเฉพาะเมื่อไม่สามารถทำได้เท่านั้น ตัวอย่างเช่น: * {{temp|m|el|;|sc=Grek}} — ในภาษากรีก เมื่อคำนั้นไม่มีตัวอักษรกรีก แต่ใช้ในข้อความที่เขียนด้วยอักษรกรีก * {{temp|m|zh|man|t=manly|sc=Hani}} — ในคำศัพท์ใหม่ของภาษาจีน (ส่วนใหญ่ยืมมาจากภาษาอังกฤษ) เมื่อใช้คำที่เขียนด้วยอักษรละตินในข้อความที่เขียนด้วยอักษรฮั่น และไม่ใช่การถอดเสียงเป็นอักษรโรมัน (romanization) ดังนั้นจึงไม่ควรติดแท็กเป็น {{code|Latn}} (อักษรละติน) ** {{temp|m|cmn|man}} — พยางค์พินอินเสียงกลาง ตรวจจับโดยอัตโนมัติว่าเป็นอักษรละติน * ในภาษาโรมาเนีย ซึ่งใช้ {{code|Cyrl}} (อักษรซีริลลิก) และ {{code|Cyrs}} (อักษรซีริลลิกเก่า) ซึ่งมีตัวอักษรเหมือนกัน แต่ {{code|Cyrl}} แทนภาษามอลโดวาในปัจจุบัน และ {{code|Cyrs}} แทนการเขียนอักษรซีริลลิกที่เก่ากว่า == รายชื่อรหัสอักษร == {{main|วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร}} ณ เดือนเมษายน 2023 วิกิพจนานุกรมได้รวมรหัส ISO 15924 ทั้งหมดแล้ว (ดู [[ภาคผนวก:ISO 15924]]) ยกเว้นรหัสต่อไปนี้: {{code|Aran}}, {{code|Cirt}}, {{code|Hanb}}, {{code|Jamo}}, {{code|Pcun}}, {{code|Pelm}}, {{code|Piqd}}, {{code|Psin}}, {{code|Sara}}, {{code|Syre}}, {{code|Syrj}}, {{code|Syrn}}, {{code|Zinh}}, {{code|Zsye}}, {{code|Zxxx}} (มาตรฐาน ISO ยังได้สงวนพื้นที่ไว้สำหรับรหัสหลายรายการ แต่ไม่ได้นำมาใช้) นอกจากนี้ วิกิพจนานุกรมยังใช้รหัสหลายรายการที่ไม่ได้ระบุไว้ใน ISO 15924 รหัสเหล่านี้รวมอยู่ใน [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร|รายชื่ออักษร]] ส่วนกลาง ซึ่งรวมถึงรหัสสำหรับอักษรอาหรับหลายแบบ ({{code|fa-Arab}}, เป็นต้น) อักษรละตินหลายแบบ ({{code|pjt-Latn}}) อักษรกรีกหลายเสียง ({{code|Polyt}}) และอื่น ๆ (เช่น {{code|mnc-Mong}}) รวมถึงรหัสสำหรับสัญกรณ์ดนตรี ({{code|Music}}) และ IPA ({{code|Ipach}}) ส่วนรหัส {{code|None}} ทำหน้าที่คล้ายกับรหัสอักษรในบางกรณี 8jxr9aknv0x4iu0tzsn7h2r3gmwa5tt 5753655 5753654 2026-08-01T15:54:34Z OctraBot 3198 /* รายชื่อรหัสอักษร */ 5753655 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:S|WT:SCR|WT:SCRIPTS}} :''หน้านี้เกี่ยวกับระบบการเขียน สำหรับรายชื่อสคริปต์ของผู้ใช้ ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สคริปต์ผู้ใช้]]; สำหรับข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับการเขียนโปรแกรมในภาษาลูอา ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สกรีบุนโต]]'' :''สำหรับรายการรหัสอักษรทั้งหมด ดูที่ '''[[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' '''อักษร''' หรือ '''ระบบการเขียน''' คือกลุ่มของตัวอักษรหรืออักขระ == ข้อกำหนด == ในวิกิพจนานุกรม แต่ละอักษรจะถูกระบุด้วย ''รหัส'' และ ''ชื่อ'' รหัสอักษรมาจาก {{w|ISO 15924}} ([[ภาคผนวก:ISO 15924|ภาคผนวก]], [http://www.unicode.org/iso15924/iso15924-codes.html unicode.org]) โดยมีการเพิ่มเติมบางส่วน ตัวอย่างเช่น: * {{code|Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ * {{code|Cyrl}}: อักษรซีริลลิก * {{code|Latn}}: อักษรละติน รหัสอักษรบางรหัสในวิกิพจนานุกรม (ที่ใช้สำหรับอักษรหลากหลายรูปแบบของภาษาต่าง ๆ) จะตั้งชื่อโดยการรวมรหัสอักษร ISO และรหัสภาษาของวิกิพจนานุกรมเข้าด้วยกัน * {{code|fa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาเปอร์เซีย) * {{code|ks-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาแคชเมียร์) * {{code|ota-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาตุรกีแบบออตโตมัน) * {{code|pa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาปัญจาบ) * {{code|pjt-Latn}}: อักษรละติน (ของภาษาปีชันชาชารา) * {{code|ur-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาอูร์ดู) นอกจากนี้ยังมีรหัสที่มีชื่อพิเศษบางรหัส: * {{code|None}}: หมายถึงไม่มีการจัดรูปแบบใด ๆ เลย ใช้เป็นอักษร “ว่างเปล่า” หรือ “ไม่ทราบ” สำหรับภาษาที่ยังไม่ได้ระบุอักษรไว้ใน [[มอดูล:languages]] * {{code|Polyt}}: หมายถึงข้อความภาษากรีกโบราณ (ตรงข้ามกับสมัยใหม่) ซึ่งใช้เครื่องหมายกำกับเสียงหลายเสียง * {{code|Music}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญกรณ์ดนตรี * {{code|Morse}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์รหัสมอร์ส * {{code|Semap}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์สัญญาณธง * {{code|Ipach}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวอักษรจากสัทอักษรสากล (IPA) * {{code|Rumin}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวเลขรูมี (ดู {{w|Rumi Numeral Symbols}}) '''รายการรหัสอักษรที่วิกิพจนานุกรมรับรองทั้งหมดสามารถดูได้ที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' == หน้าที่ == === โครงสร้าง === ตาม [[WT:CFI|เกณฑ์การรวม]] ของเรา วิกิพจนานุกรมซึ่งเป็นพจนานุกรมของคำศัพท์ทุกคำในทุกภาษา จึงมีคำจำกัดความสำหรับตัวอักษรแต่ละตัว ดังนั้นเราจึงจำเป็นต้องทราบว่าตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นเป็นอักษรชนิดใด ความรู้นี้ยังช่วยในการจัดระเบียบตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นโดยการจัดหมวดหมู่และอธิบายเพิ่มเติมในภาคผนวก อักษรต่าง ๆ ถูกกำหนดไว้ใน [[มอดูล:scripts/data]] === การจัดรูปแบบ === นอกจากนี้ ข้อความบางส่วนอาจได้รับการจัดรูปแบบตามอักษรที่ใช้ โดยใช้แท็ก HTML span ครอบไว้ ในทางทฤษฎีแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์ควรจัดการการจัดรูปแบบโดยอัตโนมัติ แต่ในทางปฏิบัติแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์มักทำได้ไม่ดีนัก ดังนั้น การจัดรูปแบบ (ทิศทางข้อความ ตระกูลฟอนต์ หรือขนาดฟอนต์) จึงถูกควบคุมโดยการใช้แอตทริบิวต์ class ของ HTML (ซึ่งสามารถใช้ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความโดยใช้ [[มีเดียวิกิ:Common.css|สไตล์ชีตแบบเรียงซ้อนส่วนกลาง (CSS)]], [[วิธีใช้:สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้|สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้]] ของผู้แก้ไขที่ลงทะเบียน หรือสไตล์ชีตของผู้ใช้ของเว็บเบราว์เซอร์) หรือแอตทริบิวต์สไตล์แบบอินไลน์ == การใช้อักษรกับข้อความ == เพื่อวัตถุประสงค์ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความ มีแม่แบบ {{temp|lang}} ซึ่งทำหน้าที่เป็นตัวห่อหุ้มสำหรับข้อกำหนดการจัดรูปแบบที่กำหนดไว้ล่วงหน้า เป็นแม่แบบ “พื้นฐาน” ที่ใช้เฉพาะการจัดรูปแบบเฉพาะภาษาและอักษรเท่านั้น แต่ไม่ได้ทำอะไรอย่างอื่น สามารถใช้ในสถานการณ์ที่ต้องการเขียนข้อความที่ไม่ใช่อักษรละตินโดยทั่วไป แม่แบบนี้รับพารามิเตอร์รหัสภาษาที่จำเป็นและข้อความที่จะห่อหุ้ม พารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} ที่เป็นตัวเลือกใช้เพื่อแทนที่อักษรที่ตรวจพบโดยอัตโนมัติหากจำเป็น พารามิเตอร์ {{para|face}} สามารถใช้เพื่อใช้สไตล์เฉพาะกับข้อความ ซึ่งสามารถเป็น {{code|term}}, {{code|head}}, {{code|bold}} หรือว่างเปล่าสำหรับข้อความปกติ ซึ่งช่วยให้สามารถใช้เอฟเฟกต์ตัวเอนและตัวหนาเฉพาะอักษรนั้น พร้อมการจัดรูปแบบที่เหมาะสมกับข้อกำหนดของอักษรนั้น ๆ รวมถึงเพื่อเพิ่มความอ่านง่าย แม่แบบส่วนใหญ่ที่แสดงข้อความที่ไม่ใช่ภาษาอังกฤษก็จะมีพารามิเตอร์ภาษา และพารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} เพื่อแทนที่อักษรที่ตรวจจับโดยอัตโนมัติ ซึ่งรวมถึงแม่แบบที่ใช้กันอย่างแพร่หลาย เช่น {{temp|l}}, {{temp|m}}, {{temp|t}}, {{temp|head}} และ {{temp|form of}}: * {{temp|lang|sh|вријеме|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{lang|sh|вријеме|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|m|sh|вријеме|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{m|sh|вријеме|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|head|sh|คำนาม|g{{=}}n|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{head|head=вријеме|sh|คำนาม|g=n|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|t|sh|вријеме|n|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{t|sh|вријеме|n|sc=Cyrl}} แม่แบบส่วนใหญ่ รวมถึงแม่แบบทั้งหมดที่ระบุไว้ข้างต้น จะทำการตรวจจับอักษรโดยอัตโนมัติ โดยจะตรวจสอบข้อความที่ให้มา และพยายามตัดสินว่าใช้อักษรใดของภาษานั้น (ที่ระบุไว้ในมอดูลย่อยข้อมูล [[มอดูล:languages]]) ดังนั้น พารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} จึงแทบไม่จำเป็นต้องใช้ อย่างไรก็ตาม จำเป็นต้องระบุพารามิเตอร์นี้หากข้อความเขียนด้วยอักษรที่ไม่ใช่อักษรที่รู้จักของภาษานั้น * {{temp|l|sh|vrijeme}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|vrijeme}} (อักษรเริ่มต้นของภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชียคือ “Latn”) * {{temp|l|sh|вријеме}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|вријеме}} (แม่แบบจะรู้จักข้อความที่เขียนด้วยอักษรอื่น ๆ ที่ระบุไว้สำหรับภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย ในกรณีนี้คืออักษรซีริลลิก) * {{temp|l|sh|β|sc{{=}}Grek}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|β|sc=Grek}} (อย่างไรก็ตาม หากคุณต้องการเขียนตัวอักษรกรีกในภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย คุณต้องระบุรหัสอักษร เนื่องจากภาษากรีกไม่ใช่หนึ่งในอักษรปกติสำหรับภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย) === กรณีที่จำเป็นต้องใช้พารามิเตอร์อักษร === ในกรณีส่วนใหญ่ ไม่จำเป็นต้องใช้พารามิเตอร์อักษร เนื่องจากโค้ดฝั่งเซิร์ฟเวอร์จะจัดการการติดแท็กอักษรโดยอัตโนมัติ กรณีที่จำเป็นต้องใช้ {{para|sc}} จะเกิดขึ้นเฉพาะเมื่อไม่สามารถทำได้เท่านั้น ตัวอย่างเช่น: * {{temp|m|el|;|sc=Grek}} — ในภาษากรีก เมื่อคำนั้นไม่มีตัวอักษรกรีก แต่ใช้ในข้อความที่เขียนด้วยอักษรกรีก * {{temp|m|zh|man|t=manly|sc=Hani}} — ในคำศัพท์ใหม่ของภาษาจีน (ส่วนใหญ่ยืมมาจากภาษาอังกฤษ) เมื่อใช้คำที่เขียนด้วยอักษรละตินในข้อความที่เขียนด้วยอักษรฮั่น และไม่ใช่การถอดเสียงเป็นอักษรโรมัน (romanization) ดังนั้นจึงไม่ควรติดแท็กเป็น {{code|Latn}} (อักษรละติน) ** {{temp|m|cmn|man}} — พยางค์พินอินเสียงกลาง ตรวจจับโดยอัตโนมัติว่าเป็นอักษรละติน * ในภาษาโรมาเนีย ซึ่งใช้ {{code|Cyrl}} (อักษรซีริลลิก) และ {{code|Cyrs}} (อักษรซีริลลิกเก่า) ซึ่งมีตัวอักษรเหมือนกัน แต่ {{code|Cyrl}} แทนภาษามอลโดวาในปัจจุบัน และ {{code|Cyrs}} แทนการเขียนอักษรซีริลลิกที่เก่ากว่า == รายชื่อรหัสอักษร == {{main|วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร}} ณ เดือนเมษายน 2023 วิกิพจนานุกรมได้รวมรหัส ISO 15924 ทั้งหมดแล้ว (ดู [[ภาคผนวก:ISO 15924]]) ยกเว้นรหัสต่อไปนี้: {{code|Aran}}, {{code|Cirt}}, {{code|Hanb}}, {{code|Jamo}}, {{code|Pcun}}, {{code|Pelm}}, {{code|Piqd}}, {{code|Psin}}, {{code|Sara}}, {{code|Syre}}, {{code|Syrj}}, {{code|Syrn}}, {{code|Zinh}}, {{code|Zsye}}, {{code|Zxxx}} (มาตรฐาน ISO ยังได้สงวนพื้นที่ไว้สำหรับรหัสหลายรายการ แต่ไม่ได้นำมาใช้) นอกจากนี้ วิกิพจนานุกรมยังใช้รหัสหลายรายการที่ไม่ได้ระบุไว้ใน ISO 15924 รหัสเหล่านี้รวมอยู่ใน [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร|รายชื่ออักษร]] ส่วนกลาง ซึ่งรวมถึงรหัสสำหรับอักษรอาหรับหลายแบบ (เช่น {{code|fa-Arab}}) อักษรละตินหลายแบบ (เช่น {{code|pjt-Latn}}) อักษรกรีกหลายเสียง ({{code|Polyt}}) และอื่น ๆ (เช่น {{code|mnc-Mong}}) รวมถึงรหัสสำหรับสัญกรณ์ดนตรี ({{code|Music}}) และ IPA ({{code|Ipach}}) ส่วนรหัส {{code|None}} ทำหน้าที่คล้ายกับรหัสอักษรในบางกรณี oj9txvqgwf9uen4orx3p9fun29qfk0h 5753656 5753655 2026-08-01T15:55:11Z OctraBot 3198 /* รายชื่อรหัสอักษร */ 5753656 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:S|WT:SCR|WT:SCRIPTS}} :''หน้านี้เกี่ยวกับระบบการเขียน สำหรับรายชื่อสคริปต์ของผู้ใช้ ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สคริปต์ผู้ใช้]]; สำหรับข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับการเขียนโปรแกรมในภาษาลูอา ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สกรีบุนโต]]'' :''สำหรับรายการรหัสอักษรทั้งหมด ดูที่ '''[[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' '''อักษร''' หรือ '''ระบบการเขียน''' คือกลุ่มของตัวอักษรหรืออักขระ == ข้อกำหนด == ในวิกิพจนานุกรม แต่ละอักษรจะถูกระบุด้วย ''รหัส'' และ ''ชื่อ'' รหัสอักษรมาจาก {{w|ISO 15924}} ([[ภาคผนวก:ISO 15924|ภาคผนวก]], [http://www.unicode.org/iso15924/iso15924-codes.html unicode.org]) โดยมีการเพิ่มเติมบางส่วน ตัวอย่างเช่น: * {{code|Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ * {{code|Cyrl}}: อักษรซีริลลิก * {{code|Latn}}: อักษรละติน รหัสอักษรบางรหัสในวิกิพจนานุกรม (ที่ใช้สำหรับอักษรหลากหลายรูปแบบของภาษาต่าง ๆ) จะตั้งชื่อโดยการรวมรหัสอักษร ISO และรหัสภาษาของวิกิพจนานุกรมเข้าด้วยกัน * {{code|fa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาเปอร์เซีย) * {{code|ks-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาแคชเมียร์) * {{code|ota-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาตุรกีแบบออตโตมัน) * {{code|pa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาปัญจาบ) * {{code|pjt-Latn}}: อักษรละติน (ของภาษาปีชันชาชารา) * {{code|ur-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาอูร์ดู) นอกจากนี้ยังมีรหัสที่มีชื่อพิเศษบางรหัส: * {{code|None}}: หมายถึงไม่มีการจัดรูปแบบใด ๆ เลย ใช้เป็นอักษร “ว่างเปล่า” หรือ “ไม่ทราบ” สำหรับภาษาที่ยังไม่ได้ระบุอักษรไว้ใน [[มอดูล:languages]] * {{code|Polyt}}: หมายถึงข้อความภาษากรีกโบราณ (ตรงข้ามกับสมัยใหม่) ซึ่งใช้เครื่องหมายกำกับเสียงหลายเสียง * {{code|Music}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญกรณ์ดนตรี * {{code|Morse}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์รหัสมอร์ส * {{code|Semap}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์สัญญาณธง * {{code|Ipach}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวอักษรจากสัทอักษรสากล (IPA) * {{code|Rumin}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวเลขรูมี (ดู {{w|Rumi Numeral Symbols}}) '''รายการรหัสอักษรที่วิกิพจนานุกรมรับรองทั้งหมดสามารถดูได้ที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' == หน้าที่ == === โครงสร้าง === ตาม [[WT:CFI|เกณฑ์การรวม]] ของเรา วิกิพจนานุกรมซึ่งเป็นพจนานุกรมของคำศัพท์ทุกคำในทุกภาษา จึงมีคำจำกัดความสำหรับตัวอักษรแต่ละตัว ดังนั้นเราจึงจำเป็นต้องทราบว่าตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นเป็นอักษรชนิดใด ความรู้นี้ยังช่วยในการจัดระเบียบตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นโดยการจัดหมวดหมู่และอธิบายเพิ่มเติมในภาคผนวก อักษรต่าง ๆ ถูกกำหนดไว้ใน [[มอดูล:scripts/data]] === การจัดรูปแบบ === นอกจากนี้ ข้อความบางส่วนอาจได้รับการจัดรูปแบบตามอักษรที่ใช้ โดยใช้แท็ก HTML span ครอบไว้ ในทางทฤษฎีแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์ควรจัดการการจัดรูปแบบโดยอัตโนมัติ แต่ในทางปฏิบัติแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์มักทำได้ไม่ดีนัก ดังนั้น การจัดรูปแบบ (ทิศทางข้อความ ตระกูลฟอนต์ หรือขนาดฟอนต์) จึงถูกควบคุมโดยการใช้แอตทริบิวต์ class ของ HTML (ซึ่งสามารถใช้ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความโดยใช้ [[มีเดียวิกิ:Common.css|สไตล์ชีตแบบเรียงซ้อนส่วนกลาง (CSS)]], [[วิธีใช้:สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้|สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้]] ของผู้แก้ไขที่ลงทะเบียน หรือสไตล์ชีตของผู้ใช้ของเว็บเบราว์เซอร์) หรือแอตทริบิวต์สไตล์แบบอินไลน์ == การใช้อักษรกับข้อความ == เพื่อวัตถุประสงค์ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความ มีแม่แบบ {{temp|lang}} ซึ่งทำหน้าที่เป็นตัวห่อหุ้มสำหรับข้อกำหนดการจัดรูปแบบที่กำหนดไว้ล่วงหน้า เป็นแม่แบบ “พื้นฐาน” ที่ใช้เฉพาะการจัดรูปแบบเฉพาะภาษาและอักษรเท่านั้น แต่ไม่ได้ทำอะไรอย่างอื่น สามารถใช้ในสถานการณ์ที่ต้องการเขียนข้อความที่ไม่ใช่อักษรละตินโดยทั่วไป แม่แบบนี้รับพารามิเตอร์รหัสภาษาที่จำเป็นและข้อความที่จะห่อหุ้ม พารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} ที่เป็นตัวเลือกใช้เพื่อแทนที่อักษรที่ตรวจพบโดยอัตโนมัติหากจำเป็น พารามิเตอร์ {{para|face}} สามารถใช้เพื่อใช้สไตล์เฉพาะกับข้อความ ซึ่งสามารถเป็น {{code|term}}, {{code|head}}, {{code|bold}} หรือว่างเปล่าสำหรับข้อความปกติ ซึ่งช่วยให้สามารถใช้เอฟเฟกต์ตัวเอนและตัวหนาเฉพาะอักษรนั้น พร้อมการจัดรูปแบบที่เหมาะสมกับข้อกำหนดของอักษรนั้น ๆ รวมถึงเพื่อเพิ่มความอ่านง่าย แม่แบบส่วนใหญ่ที่แสดงข้อความที่ไม่ใช่ภาษาอังกฤษก็จะมีพารามิเตอร์ภาษา และพารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} เพื่อแทนที่อักษรที่ตรวจจับโดยอัตโนมัติ ซึ่งรวมถึงแม่แบบที่ใช้กันอย่างแพร่หลาย เช่น {{temp|l}}, {{temp|m}}, {{temp|t}}, {{temp|head}} และ {{temp|form of}}: * {{temp|lang|sh|вријеме|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{lang|sh|вријеме|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|m|sh|вријеме|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{m|sh|вријеме|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|head|sh|คำนาม|g{{=}}n|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{head|head=вријеме|sh|คำนาม|g=n|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|t|sh|вријеме|n|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{t|sh|вријеме|n|sc=Cyrl}} แม่แบบส่วนใหญ่ รวมถึงแม่แบบทั้งหมดที่ระบุไว้ข้างต้น จะทำการตรวจจับอักษรโดยอัตโนมัติ โดยจะตรวจสอบข้อความที่ให้มา และพยายามตัดสินว่าใช้อักษรใดของภาษานั้น (ที่ระบุไว้ในมอดูลย่อยข้อมูล [[มอดูล:languages]]) ดังนั้น พารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} จึงแทบไม่จำเป็นต้องใช้ อย่างไรก็ตาม จำเป็นต้องระบุพารามิเตอร์นี้หากข้อความเขียนด้วยอักษรที่ไม่ใช่อักษรที่รู้จักของภาษานั้น * {{temp|l|sh|vrijeme}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|vrijeme}} (อักษรเริ่มต้นของภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชียคือ “Latn”) * {{temp|l|sh|вријеме}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|вријеме}} (แม่แบบจะรู้จักข้อความที่เขียนด้วยอักษรอื่น ๆ ที่ระบุไว้สำหรับภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย ในกรณีนี้คืออักษรซีริลลิก) * {{temp|l|sh|β|sc{{=}}Grek}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|β|sc=Grek}} (อย่างไรก็ตาม หากคุณต้องการเขียนตัวอักษรกรีกในภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย คุณต้องระบุรหัสอักษร เนื่องจากภาษากรีกไม่ใช่หนึ่งในอักษรปกติสำหรับภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย) === กรณีที่จำเป็นต้องใช้พารามิเตอร์อักษร === ในกรณีส่วนใหญ่ ไม่จำเป็นต้องใช้พารามิเตอร์อักษร เนื่องจากโค้ดฝั่งเซิร์ฟเวอร์จะจัดการการติดแท็กอักษรโดยอัตโนมัติ กรณีที่จำเป็นต้องใช้ {{para|sc}} จะเกิดขึ้นเฉพาะเมื่อไม่สามารถทำได้เท่านั้น ตัวอย่างเช่น: * {{temp|m|el|;|sc=Grek}} — ในภาษากรีก เมื่อคำนั้นไม่มีตัวอักษรกรีก แต่ใช้ในข้อความที่เขียนด้วยอักษรกรีก * {{temp|m|zh|man|t=manly|sc=Hani}} — ในคำศัพท์ใหม่ของภาษาจีน (ส่วนใหญ่ยืมมาจากภาษาอังกฤษ) เมื่อใช้คำที่เขียนด้วยอักษรละตินในข้อความที่เขียนด้วยอักษรฮั่น และไม่ใช่การถอดเสียงเป็นอักษรโรมัน (romanization) ดังนั้นจึงไม่ควรติดแท็กเป็น {{code|Latn}} (อักษรละติน) ** {{temp|m|cmn|man}} — พยางค์พินอินเสียงกลาง ตรวจจับโดยอัตโนมัติว่าเป็นอักษรละติน * ในภาษาโรมาเนีย ซึ่งใช้ {{code|Cyrl}} (อักษรซีริลลิก) และ {{code|Cyrs}} (อักษรซีริลลิกเก่า) ซึ่งมีตัวอักษรเหมือนกัน แต่ {{code|Cyrl}} แทนภาษามอลโดวาในปัจจุบัน และ {{code|Cyrs}} แทนการเขียนอักษรซีริลลิกที่เก่ากว่า == รายชื่อรหัสอักษร == {{main|วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร}} ณ เดือนเมษายน 2023 วิกิพจนานุกรมได้รวมรหัส ISO 15924 ทั้งหมดแล้ว (ดู [[ภาคผนวก:ISO 15924]]) ยกเว้นรหัสต่อไปนี้: {{code|Aran}}, {{code|Cirt}}, {{code|Hanb}}, {{code|Jamo}}, {{code|Pcun}}, {{code|Pelm}}, {{code|Piqd}}, {{code|Psin}}, {{code|Sara}}, {{code|Syre}}, {{code|Syrj}}, {{code|Syrn}}, {{code|Zinh}}, {{code|Zsye}}, {{code|Zxxx}} (มาตรฐาน ISO ยังได้สงวนพื้นที่ไว้สำหรับรหัสหลายรายการ แต่ไม่ได้นำมาใช้) นอกจากนี้ วิกิพจนานุกรมยังใช้รหัสหลายรายการที่ไม่ได้ระบุไว้ใน ISO 15924 รหัสเหล่านี้รวมอยู่ใน [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร|รายชื่ออักษร]] ส่วนกลาง ซึ่งรวมถึงรหัสสำหรับอักษรอาหรับหลายแบบ (เช่น {{code|fa-Arab}}) อักษรละตินหลายแบบ (เช่น {{code|pjt-Latn}}) อักษรกรีกหลายเสียง ({{code|Polyt}}) และอื่น ๆ (เช่น {{code|mnc-Mong}}) รวมถึงรหัสสำหรับสัญกรณ์ดนตรี ({{code|Music}}) และ IPA ({{code|Ipach}}) ส่วนรหัส {{code|None}} ทำหน้าที่คล้ายกับรหัสอักษรในบางกรณี == ดูเพิ่ม== * [[ภาคผนวก:ISO 15924]] * [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ฟอนต์]] 1umejqwu3fp6sdzfqclvgem4k7veblp 5753657 5753656 2026-08-01T15:55:57Z OctraBot 3198 /* ดูเพิ่ม */ 5753657 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:S|WT:SCR|WT:SCRIPTS}} :''หน้านี้เกี่ยวกับระบบการเขียน สำหรับรายชื่อสคริปต์ของผู้ใช้ ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สคริปต์ผู้ใช้]]; สำหรับข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับการเขียนโปรแกรมในภาษาลูอา ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สกรีบุนโต]]'' :''สำหรับรายการรหัสอักษรทั้งหมด ดูที่ '''[[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' '''อักษร''' หรือ '''ระบบการเขียน''' คือกลุ่มของตัวอักษรหรืออักขระ == ข้อกำหนด == ในวิกิพจนานุกรม แต่ละอักษรจะถูกระบุด้วย ''รหัส'' และ ''ชื่อ'' รหัสอักษรมาจาก {{w|ISO 15924}} ([[ภาคผนวก:ISO 15924|ภาคผนวก]], [http://www.unicode.org/iso15924/iso15924-codes.html unicode.org]) โดยมีการเพิ่มเติมบางส่วน ตัวอย่างเช่น: * {{code|Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ * {{code|Cyrl}}: อักษรซีริลลิก * {{code|Latn}}: อักษรละติน รหัสอักษรบางรหัสในวิกิพจนานุกรม (ที่ใช้สำหรับอักษรหลากหลายรูปแบบของภาษาต่าง ๆ) จะตั้งชื่อโดยการรวมรหัสอักษร ISO และรหัสภาษาของวิกิพจนานุกรมเข้าด้วยกัน * {{code|fa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาเปอร์เซีย) * {{code|ks-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาแคชเมียร์) * {{code|ota-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาตุรกีแบบออตโตมัน) * {{code|pa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาปัญจาบ) * {{code|pjt-Latn}}: อักษรละติน (ของภาษาปีชันชาชารา) * {{code|ur-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาอูร์ดู) นอกจากนี้ยังมีรหัสที่มีชื่อพิเศษบางรหัส: * {{code|None}}: หมายถึงไม่มีการจัดรูปแบบใด ๆ เลย ใช้เป็นอักษร “ว่างเปล่า” หรือ “ไม่ทราบ” สำหรับภาษาที่ยังไม่ได้ระบุอักษรไว้ใน [[มอดูล:languages]] * {{code|Polyt}}: หมายถึงข้อความภาษากรีกโบราณ (ตรงข้ามกับสมัยใหม่) ซึ่งใช้เครื่องหมายกำกับเสียงหลายเสียง * {{code|Music}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญกรณ์ดนตรี * {{code|Morse}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์รหัสมอร์ส * {{code|Semap}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์สัญญาณธง * {{code|Ipach}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวอักษรจากสัทอักษรสากล (IPA) * {{code|Rumin}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวเลขรูมี (ดู {{w|Rumi Numeral Symbols}}) '''รายการรหัสอักษรที่วิกิพจนานุกรมรับรองทั้งหมดสามารถดูได้ที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' == หน้าที่ == === โครงสร้าง === ตาม [[WT:CFI|เกณฑ์การรวม]] ของเรา วิกิพจนานุกรมซึ่งเป็นพจนานุกรมของคำศัพท์ทุกคำในทุกภาษา จึงมีคำจำกัดความสำหรับตัวอักษรแต่ละตัว ดังนั้นเราจึงจำเป็นต้องทราบว่าตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นเป็นอักษรชนิดใด ความรู้นี้ยังช่วยในการจัดระเบียบตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นโดยการจัดหมวดหมู่และอธิบายเพิ่มเติมในภาคผนวก อักษรต่าง ๆ ถูกกำหนดไว้ใน [[มอดูล:scripts/data]] === การจัดรูปแบบ === นอกจากนี้ ข้อความบางส่วนอาจได้รับการจัดรูปแบบตามอักษรที่ใช้ โดยใช้แท็ก HTML span ครอบไว้ ในทางทฤษฎีแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์ควรจัดการการจัดรูปแบบโดยอัตโนมัติ แต่ในทางปฏิบัติแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์มักทำได้ไม่ดีนัก ดังนั้น การจัดรูปแบบ (ทิศทางข้อความ ตระกูลฟอนต์ หรือขนาดฟอนต์) จึงถูกควบคุมโดยการใช้แอตทริบิวต์ class ของ HTML (ซึ่งสามารถใช้ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความโดยใช้ [[มีเดียวิกิ:Common.css|สไตล์ชีตแบบเรียงซ้อนส่วนกลาง (CSS)]], [[วิธีใช้:สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้|สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้]] ของผู้แก้ไขที่ลงทะเบียน หรือสไตล์ชีตของผู้ใช้ของเว็บเบราว์เซอร์) หรือแอตทริบิวต์สไตล์แบบอินไลน์ == การใช้อักษรกับข้อความ == เพื่อวัตถุประสงค์ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความ มีแม่แบบ {{temp|lang}} ซึ่งทำหน้าที่เป็นตัวห่อหุ้มสำหรับข้อกำหนดการจัดรูปแบบที่กำหนดไว้ล่วงหน้า เป็นแม่แบบ “พื้นฐาน” ที่ใช้เฉพาะการจัดรูปแบบเฉพาะภาษาและอักษรเท่านั้น แต่ไม่ได้ทำอะไรอย่างอื่น สามารถใช้ในสถานการณ์ที่ต้องการเขียนข้อความที่ไม่ใช่อักษรละตินโดยทั่วไป แม่แบบนี้รับพารามิเตอร์รหัสภาษาที่จำเป็นและข้อความที่จะห่อหุ้ม พารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} ที่เป็นตัวเลือกใช้เพื่อแทนที่อักษรที่ตรวจพบโดยอัตโนมัติหากจำเป็น พารามิเตอร์ {{para|face}} สามารถใช้เพื่อใช้สไตล์เฉพาะกับข้อความ ซึ่งสามารถเป็น {{code|term}}, {{code|head}}, {{code|bold}} หรือว่างเปล่าสำหรับข้อความปกติ ซึ่งช่วยให้สามารถใช้เอฟเฟกต์ตัวเอนและตัวหนาเฉพาะอักษรนั้น พร้อมการจัดรูปแบบที่เหมาะสมกับข้อกำหนดของอักษรนั้น ๆ รวมถึงเพื่อเพิ่มความอ่านง่าย แม่แบบส่วนใหญ่ที่แสดงข้อความที่ไม่ใช่ภาษาอังกฤษก็จะมีพารามิเตอร์ภาษา และพารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} เพื่อแทนที่อักษรที่ตรวจจับโดยอัตโนมัติ ซึ่งรวมถึงแม่แบบที่ใช้กันอย่างแพร่หลาย เช่น {{temp|l}}, {{temp|m}}, {{temp|t}}, {{temp|head}} และ {{temp|form of}}: * {{temp|lang|sh|вријеме|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{lang|sh|вријеме|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|m|sh|вријеме|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{m|sh|вријеме|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|head|sh|คำนาม|g{{=}}n|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{head|head=вријеме|sh|คำนาม|g=n|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|t|sh|вријеме|n|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{t|sh|вријеме|n|sc=Cyrl}} แม่แบบส่วนใหญ่ รวมถึงแม่แบบทั้งหมดที่ระบุไว้ข้างต้น จะทำการตรวจจับอักษรโดยอัตโนมัติ โดยจะตรวจสอบข้อความที่ให้มา และพยายามตัดสินว่าใช้อักษรใดของภาษานั้น (ที่ระบุไว้ในมอดูลย่อยข้อมูล [[มอดูล:languages]]) ดังนั้น พารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} จึงแทบไม่จำเป็นต้องใช้ อย่างไรก็ตาม จำเป็นต้องระบุพารามิเตอร์นี้หากข้อความเขียนด้วยอักษรที่ไม่ใช่อักษรที่รู้จักของภาษานั้น * {{temp|l|sh|vrijeme}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|vrijeme}} (อักษรเริ่มต้นของภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชียคือ “Latn”) * {{temp|l|sh|вријеме}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|вријеме}} (แม่แบบจะรู้จักข้อความที่เขียนด้วยอักษรอื่น ๆ ที่ระบุไว้สำหรับภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย ในกรณีนี้คืออักษรซีริลลิก) * {{temp|l|sh|β|sc{{=}}Grek}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|β|sc=Grek}} (อย่างไรก็ตาม หากคุณต้องการเขียนตัวอักษรกรีกในภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย คุณต้องระบุรหัสอักษร เนื่องจากภาษากรีกไม่ใช่หนึ่งในอักษรปกติสำหรับภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย) === กรณีที่จำเป็นต้องใช้พารามิเตอร์อักษร === ในกรณีส่วนใหญ่ ไม่จำเป็นต้องใช้พารามิเตอร์อักษร เนื่องจากโค้ดฝั่งเซิร์ฟเวอร์จะจัดการการติดแท็กอักษรโดยอัตโนมัติ กรณีที่จำเป็นต้องใช้ {{para|sc}} จะเกิดขึ้นเฉพาะเมื่อไม่สามารถทำได้เท่านั้น ตัวอย่างเช่น: * {{temp|m|el|;|sc=Grek}} — ในภาษากรีก เมื่อคำนั้นไม่มีตัวอักษรกรีก แต่ใช้ในข้อความที่เขียนด้วยอักษรกรีก * {{temp|m|zh|man|t=manly|sc=Hani}} — ในคำศัพท์ใหม่ของภาษาจีน (ส่วนใหญ่ยืมมาจากภาษาอังกฤษ) เมื่อใช้คำที่เขียนด้วยอักษรละตินในข้อความที่เขียนด้วยอักษรฮั่น และไม่ใช่การถอดเสียงเป็นอักษรโรมัน (romanization) ดังนั้นจึงไม่ควรติดแท็กเป็น {{code|Latn}} (อักษรละติน) ** {{temp|m|cmn|man}} — พยางค์พินอินเสียงกลาง ตรวจจับโดยอัตโนมัติว่าเป็นอักษรละติน * ในภาษาโรมาเนีย ซึ่งใช้ {{code|Cyrl}} (อักษรซีริลลิก) และ {{code|Cyrs}} (อักษรซีริลลิกเก่า) ซึ่งมีตัวอักษรเหมือนกัน แต่ {{code|Cyrl}} แทนภาษามอลโดวาในปัจจุบัน และ {{code|Cyrs}} แทนการเขียนอักษรซีริลลิกที่เก่ากว่า == รายชื่อรหัสอักษร == {{main|วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร}} ณ เดือนเมษายน 2023 วิกิพจนานุกรมได้รวมรหัส ISO 15924 ทั้งหมดแล้ว (ดู [[ภาคผนวก:ISO 15924]]) ยกเว้นรหัสต่อไปนี้: {{code|Aran}}, {{code|Cirt}}, {{code|Hanb}}, {{code|Jamo}}, {{code|Pcun}}, {{code|Pelm}}, {{code|Piqd}}, {{code|Psin}}, {{code|Sara}}, {{code|Syre}}, {{code|Syrj}}, {{code|Syrn}}, {{code|Zinh}}, {{code|Zsye}}, {{code|Zxxx}} (มาตรฐาน ISO ยังได้สงวนพื้นที่ไว้สำหรับรหัสหลายรายการ แต่ไม่ได้นำมาใช้) นอกจากนี้ วิกิพจนานุกรมยังใช้รหัสหลายรายการที่ไม่ได้ระบุไว้ใน ISO 15924 รหัสเหล่านี้รวมอยู่ใน [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร|รายชื่ออักษร]] ส่วนกลาง ซึ่งรวมถึงรหัสสำหรับอักษรอาหรับหลายแบบ (เช่น {{code|fa-Arab}}) อักษรละตินหลายแบบ (เช่น {{code|pjt-Latn}}) อักษรกรีกหลายเสียง ({{code|Polyt}}) และอื่น ๆ (เช่น {{code|mnc-Mong}}) รวมถึงรหัสสำหรับสัญกรณ์ดนตรี ({{code|Music}}) และ IPA ({{code|Ipach}}) ส่วนรหัส {{code|None}} ทำหน้าที่คล้ายกับรหัสอักษรในบางกรณี == ดูเพิ่ม== * [[ภาคผนวก:ISO 15924]] * [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ฟอนต์]] == ลิงก์ภายนอก == * [http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4646 RFC 4646 แท็กสำหรับระบุภาษา] * [http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry ทะเบียนแท็กย่อยภาษาของ IANA] * [http://unicode.org/cldr/transliteration_guidelines.html ที่เก็บข้อมูลภาษาทั่วไป] * [http://www.w3.org/International/articles/language-tags/ บทความ I18n ของ W3C: แท็กภาษาใน HTML และ XML] [[หมวดหมู่:อักษรทั้งหมด|*]] mrii8w48fx88zob631nqh4p7fynszgg 5753658 5753657 2026-08-01T15:56:27Z OctraBot 3198 ทำหน้าว่าง 5753658 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 5753689 5753658 2026-08-02T01:44:33Z OctraBot 3198 5753689 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:FAM}} {{hatnote|สำหรับรายชื่อรหัสกลุ่มภาษาทั้งหมด ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่อกลุ่มภาษา]]}} {{hatnote|ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ภาษา]] และ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ภาษาถิ่น]] สำหรับการอภิปรายเกี่ยวกับภาษาและภาษาถิ่นตามลำดับ}} วิกิพจนานุกรมจัดเรียงภาษาเป็นกลุ่มต่าง ๆ กลุ่มภาษาส่วนใหญ่มีความสัมพันธ์กันโดยสืบเชื้อสายมาจากบรรพบุรุษร่วมกัน แต่บางกลุ่มเป็นเพียงหมวดหมู่ เช่น "กลุ่มภาษาครีโอล-พิดจิน" วิกิพจนานุกรมจัดระเบียบ [[WT:หมวดหมู่ภาษา|หมวดหมู่ภาษา]] และ [[WT:รากศัพท์|หมวดหมู่ที่มาของคำ]] ตามกลุ่ม แต่ละกลุ่มจะแสดงในวิกิพจนานุกรมด้วยชื่อและรหัส oe1immyvufeuhgwyrbma2dhwbr1y0g4 5753691 5753689 2026-08-02T01:56:48Z OctraBot 3198 5753691 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:FAM}} {{hatnote|สำหรับรายชื่อรหัสกลุ่มภาษาทั้งหมด ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่อกลุ่มภาษา]]}} {{hatnote|ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ภาษา]] และ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ภาษาถิ่น]] สำหรับการอภิปรายเกี่ยวกับภาษาและภาษาถิ่นตามลำดับ}} วิกิพจนานุกรมจัดเรียงภาษาเป็นกลุ่มต่าง ๆ กลุ่มภาษาส่วนใหญ่มีความสัมพันธ์กันโดยสืบเชื้อสายมาจากบรรพบุรุษร่วมกัน แต่บางกลุ่มเป็นเพียงหมวดหมู่ เช่น "กลุ่มภาษาครีโอล-พิดจิน" วิกิพจนานุกรมจัดระเบียบ [[WT:หมวดหมู่ภาษา|หมวดหมู่ภาษา]] และ [[WT:รากศัพท์|หมวดหมู่ที่มาของคำ]] ตามกลุ่ม แต่ละกลุ่มจะแสดงในวิกิพจนานุกรมด้วยชื่อและรหัส == รหัสกลุ่มภาษา == วิกิพจนานุกรมใช้รหัสในการแสดงกลุ่มภาษา รหัสกลุ่มภาษาจะถูกจัดเก็บไว้ใน [[มอดูล:families]] พร้อมกับข้อมูลที่เกี่ยวข้อง โดยทั่วไปรหัสเหล่านี้จะมีสามตัวอักษร หรือสามตัวอักษรตามด้วยเครื่องหมายขีดกลาง ตามด้วยตัวอักษรอีกสามตัว ในบางกรณีอาจเป็นข้อความอื่น ๆ ได้ รหัสกลุ่มภาษาสามารถนำไปใช้ในแม่แบบรากศัพท์ เช่น {{temp|der}}, {{temp|bor}} และ {{temp|inh}} และใน [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ศัพท์ที่สืบสร้าง|เนมสเปซการสืบสร้าง]] ได้อย่างเหมาะสม === กลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรม === กลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรมคือกลุ่มของภาษาที่มีบรรพบุรุษร่วมกัน วิกิพจนานุกรมใช้หลักวิชาการที่เป็นที่ยอมรับในการจัดกลุ่มภาษาเป็นหมวดหมู่ทางพันธุกรรม แต่ละกลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรมจะมีรหัส หลายกลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรมมีรหัส {{w|ISO 639-5}} เมื่อมีรหัสดังกล่าว วิกิพจนานุกรมจะใช้รหัสนั้นด้วย ตัวอย่างเช่น: * กลุ่มภาษาออสโตรเอเชียติก ({{code|aav}}) * กลุ่มภาษาเคลติก ({{code|cel}}) * กลุ่มภาษาเจอร์แมนิก ({{code|gem}}) เมื่อกลุ่มภาษาใดไม่มีรหัส ISO 639-5 มาตรฐาน แต่กลุ่มภาษาที่ใกล้เคียงที่สุดมีรหัส วิกิพจนานุกรมจะกำหนดรหัสพิเศษสองส่วนให้ ส่วนแรกคือรหัส ISO 639-5 ของกลุ่มภาษาที่ใกล้เคียงที่สุด และส่วนที่สองคืออักษรตัวเล็กสามตัวซึ่งโดยทั่วไปจะใกล้เคียงกับชื่อของกลุ่มภาษา ตัวอย่างเช่น: * กลุ่มภาษาปามา-ญูงัน ({{code|aus-pam}}) — "{{code|aus}}" คือรหัส ISO 639-5 สำหรับกลุ่มภาษาออสเตรเลีย "{{code|pam}}" เป็นตัวย่อของ "Pama-Nyungan"; * กลุ่มภาษาบริทอนิก ({{code|cel-bry}}) * กลุ่มภาษาเซาท์เบิร์ดส์เฮด ({{code|ngf-sbh}}) {{shortcut|WT:QFA}} kjaktdrt9vysduvs6vi7whl2aut5ck6 5753694 5753691 2026-08-02T02:02:30Z OctraBot 3198 5753694 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:FAM}} {{hatnote|สำหรับรายชื่อรหัสกลุ่มภาษาทั้งหมด ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่อกลุ่มภาษา]]}} {{hatnote|ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ภาษา]] และ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ภาษาถิ่น]] สำหรับการอภิปรายเกี่ยวกับภาษาและภาษาถิ่นตามลำดับ}} วิกิพจนานุกรมจัดเรียงภาษาเป็นกลุ่มต่าง ๆ กลุ่มภาษาส่วนใหญ่มีความสัมพันธ์กันโดยสืบเชื้อสายมาจากบรรพบุรุษร่วมกัน แต่บางกลุ่มเป็นเพียงหมวดหมู่ เช่น "กลุ่มภาษาครีโอล-พิดจิน" วิกิพจนานุกรมจัดระเบียบ [[WT:หมวดหมู่ภาษา|หมวดหมู่ภาษา]] และ [[WT:รากศัพท์|หมวดหมู่ที่มาของคำ]] ตามกลุ่ม แต่ละกลุ่มจะแสดงในวิกิพจนานุกรมด้วยชื่อและรหัส == รหัสกลุ่มภาษา == วิกิพจนานุกรมใช้รหัสในการแสดงกลุ่มภาษา รหัสกลุ่มภาษาจะถูกจัดเก็บไว้ใน [[มอดูล:families]] พร้อมกับข้อมูลที่เกี่ยวข้อง โดยทั่วไปรหัสเหล่านี้จะมีสามตัวอักษร หรือสามตัวอักษรตามด้วยเครื่องหมายขีดกลาง ตามด้วยตัวอักษรอีกสามตัว ในบางกรณีอาจเป็นข้อความอื่น ๆ ได้ รหัสกลุ่มภาษาสามารถนำไปใช้ในแม่แบบรากศัพท์ เช่น {{temp|der}}, {{temp|bor}} และ {{temp|inh}} และใน [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ศัพท์ที่สืบสร้าง|เนมสเปซการสืบสร้าง]] ได้อย่างเหมาะสม === กลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรม === กลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรมคือกลุ่มของภาษาที่มีบรรพบุรุษร่วมกัน วิกิพจนานุกรมใช้หลักวิชาการที่เป็นที่ยอมรับในการจัดกลุ่มภาษาเป็นหมวดหมู่ทางพันธุกรรม แต่ละกลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรมจะมีรหัส หลายกลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรมมีรหัส {{w|ISO 639-5}} เมื่อมีรหัสดังกล่าว วิกิพจนานุกรมจะใช้รหัสนั้นด้วย ตัวอย่างเช่น: * กลุ่มภาษาออสโตรเอเชียติก ({{code|aav}}) * กลุ่มภาษาเคลติก ({{code|cel}}) * กลุ่มภาษาเจอร์แมนิก ({{code|gem}}) เมื่อกลุ่มภาษาใดไม่มีรหัส ISO 639-5 มาตรฐาน แต่กลุ่มภาษาที่ใกล้เคียงที่สุดมีรหัส วิกิพจนานุกรมจะกำหนดรหัสพิเศษสองส่วนให้ ส่วนแรกคือรหัส ISO 639-5 ของกลุ่มภาษาที่ใกล้เคียงที่สุด และส่วนที่สองคืออักษรตัวเล็กสามตัวซึ่งโดยทั่วไปจะใกล้เคียงกับชื่อของกลุ่มภาษา ตัวอย่างเช่น: * กลุ่มภาษาปามา-ญูงัน ({{code|aus-pam}}) — "{{code|aus}}" คือรหัส ISO 639-5 สำหรับกลุ่มภาษาอะบอริจินออสเตรเลีย "{{code|pam}}" เป็นตัวย่อของ "Pama-Nyungan"; * กลุ่มภาษาบริทอนิก ({{code|cel-bry}}) * กลุ่มภาษาเซาท์เบิร์ดส์เฮด ({{code|ngf-sbh}}) {{shortcut|WT:QFA}} 4grq1gscvkhqd14kckxx17ov2c0j9r3 5753695 5753694 2026-08-02T02:07:28Z OctraBot 3198 /* กลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรม */ 5753695 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:FAM}} {{hatnote|สำหรับรายชื่อรหัสกลุ่มภาษาทั้งหมด ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่อกลุ่มภาษา]]}} {{hatnote|ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ภาษา]] และ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ภาษาถิ่น]] สำหรับการอภิปรายเกี่ยวกับภาษาและภาษาถิ่นตามลำดับ}} วิกิพจนานุกรมจัดเรียงภาษาเป็นกลุ่มต่าง ๆ กลุ่มภาษาส่วนใหญ่มีความสัมพันธ์กันโดยสืบเชื้อสายมาจากบรรพบุรุษร่วมกัน แต่บางกลุ่มเป็นเพียงหมวดหมู่ เช่น "กลุ่มภาษาครีโอล-พิดจิน" วิกิพจนานุกรมจัดระเบียบ [[WT:หมวดหมู่ภาษา|หมวดหมู่ภาษา]] และ [[WT:รากศัพท์|หมวดหมู่ที่มาของคำ]] ตามกลุ่ม แต่ละกลุ่มจะแสดงในวิกิพจนานุกรมด้วยชื่อและรหัส == รหัสกลุ่มภาษา == วิกิพจนานุกรมใช้รหัสในการแสดงกลุ่มภาษา รหัสกลุ่มภาษาจะถูกจัดเก็บไว้ใน [[มอดูล:families]] พร้อมกับข้อมูลที่เกี่ยวข้อง โดยทั่วไปรหัสเหล่านี้จะมีสามตัวอักษร หรือสามตัวอักษรตามด้วยเครื่องหมายขีดกลาง ตามด้วยตัวอักษรอีกสามตัว ในบางกรณีอาจเป็นข้อความอื่น ๆ ได้ รหัสกลุ่มภาษาสามารถนำไปใช้ในแม่แบบรากศัพท์ เช่น {{temp|der}}, {{temp|bor}} และ {{temp|inh}} และใน [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ศัพท์ที่สืบสร้าง|เนมสเปซการสืบสร้าง]] ได้อย่างเหมาะสม === กลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรม === กลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรมคือกลุ่มของภาษาที่มีบรรพบุรุษร่วมกัน วิกิพจนานุกรมใช้หลักวิชาการที่เป็นที่ยอมรับในการจัดกลุ่มภาษาเป็นหมวดหมู่ทางพันธุกรรม แต่ละกลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรมจะมีรหัส หลายกลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรมมีรหัส {{w|ISO 639-5}} เมื่อมีรหัสดังกล่าว วิกิพจนานุกรมจะใช้รหัสนั้นด้วย ตัวอย่างเช่น: * กลุ่มภาษาออสโตรเอเชียติก ({{code|aav}}) * กลุ่มภาษาเคลติก ({{code|cel}}) * กลุ่มภาษาเจอร์แมนิก ({{code|gem}}) เมื่อกลุ่มภาษาใดไม่มีรหัส ISO 639-5 มาตรฐาน แต่กลุ่มภาษาที่ใกล้เคียงที่สุดมีรหัส วิกิพจนานุกรมจะกำหนดรหัสพิเศษสองส่วนให้ ส่วนแรกคือรหัส ISO 639-5 ของกลุ่มภาษาที่ใกล้เคียงที่สุด และส่วนที่สองคืออักษรตัวเล็กสามตัวซึ่งโดยทั่วไปจะใกล้เคียงกับชื่อของกลุ่มภาษา ตัวอย่างเช่น: * กลุ่มภาษาปามา-ญูงัน ({{code|aus-pam}}) — "{{code|aus}}" คือรหัส ISO 639-5 สำหรับกลุ่มภาษาอะบอริจินออสเตรเลีย "{{code|pam}}" เป็นตัวย่อของ "Pama-Nyungan"; * กลุ่มภาษาบริทอนิก ({{code|cel-bry}}) * กลุ่มภาษาเซาท์เบิร์ดส์เฮด ({{code|ngf-sbh}}) {{shortcut|WT:QFA}} เมื่อทั้งกลุ่มภาษาและกลุ่มภาษาย่อยของกลุ่มนั้นไม่มีรหัส ISO 639-5 จะใช้รหัสพิเศษ "{{code|qfa}}" เป็นส่วนแรก ช่วงรหัส <code>q<var>xx</var></code> ได้รับอนุญาตจาก ISO สำหรับการใช้งานส่วนตัว โดยส่วนหลัง {{code|fa}} หมายถึง "family" ตัวอย่างเช่น: * กลุ่มภาษามีซูมัลปัน ({{code|qfa-min}}) kdycdpx9iv923t6e06yb0z5wnh6eu4z 5753696 5753695 2026-08-02T02:11:17Z OctraBot 3198 /* กลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรม */ 5753696 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:FAM}} {{hatnote|สำหรับรายชื่อรหัสกลุ่มภาษาทั้งหมด ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่อกลุ่มภาษา]]}} {{hatnote|ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ภาษา]] และ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ภาษาถิ่น]] สำหรับการอภิปรายเกี่ยวกับภาษาและภาษาถิ่นตามลำดับ}} วิกิพจนานุกรมจัดเรียงภาษาเป็นกลุ่มต่าง ๆ กลุ่มภาษาส่วนใหญ่มีความสัมพันธ์กันโดยสืบเชื้อสายมาจากบรรพบุรุษร่วมกัน แต่บางกลุ่มเป็นเพียงหมวดหมู่ เช่น "กลุ่มภาษาครีโอล-พิดจิน" วิกิพจนานุกรมจัดระเบียบ [[WT:หมวดหมู่ภาษา|หมวดหมู่ภาษา]] และ [[WT:รากศัพท์|หมวดหมู่ที่มาของคำ]] ตามกลุ่ม แต่ละกลุ่มจะแสดงในวิกิพจนานุกรมด้วยชื่อและรหัส == รหัสกลุ่มภาษา == วิกิพจนานุกรมใช้รหัสในการแสดงกลุ่มภาษา รหัสกลุ่มภาษาจะถูกจัดเก็บไว้ใน [[มอดูล:families]] พร้อมกับข้อมูลที่เกี่ยวข้อง โดยทั่วไปรหัสเหล่านี้จะมีสามตัวอักษร หรือสามตัวอักษรตามด้วยเครื่องหมายขีดกลาง ตามด้วยตัวอักษรอีกสามตัว ในบางกรณีอาจเป็นข้อความอื่น ๆ ได้ รหัสกลุ่มภาษาสามารถนำไปใช้ในแม่แบบรากศัพท์ เช่น {{temp|der}}, {{temp|bor}} และ {{temp|inh}} และใน [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ศัพท์ที่สืบสร้าง|เนมสเปซการสืบสร้าง]] ได้อย่างเหมาะสม === กลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรม === กลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรมคือกลุ่มของภาษาที่มีบรรพบุรุษร่วมกัน วิกิพจนานุกรมใช้หลักวิชาการที่เป็นที่ยอมรับในการจัดกลุ่มภาษาเป็นหมวดหมู่ทางพันธุกรรม แต่ละกลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรมจะมีรหัส หลายกลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรมมีรหัส {{w|ISO 639-5}} เมื่อมีรหัสดังกล่าว วิกิพจนานุกรมจะใช้รหัสนั้นด้วย ตัวอย่างเช่น: * กลุ่มภาษาออสโตรเอเชียติก ({{code|aav}}) * กลุ่มภาษาเคลติก ({{code|cel}}) * กลุ่มภาษาเจอร์แมนิก ({{code|gem}}) เมื่อกลุ่มภาษาใดไม่มีรหัส ISO 639-5 มาตรฐาน แต่กลุ่มภาษาที่ใกล้เคียงที่สุดมีรหัส วิกิพจนานุกรมจะกำหนดรหัสพิเศษสองส่วนให้ ส่วนแรกคือรหัส ISO 639-5 ของกลุ่มภาษาที่ใกล้เคียงที่สุด และส่วนที่สองคืออักษรตัวเล็กสามตัวซึ่งโดยทั่วไปจะใกล้เคียงกับชื่อของกลุ่มภาษา ตัวอย่างเช่น: * กลุ่มภาษาปามา-ญูงัน ({{code|aus-pam}}) — "{{code|aus}}" คือรหัส ISO 639-5 สำหรับกลุ่มภาษาอะบอริจินออสเตรเลีย "{{code|pam}}" เป็นตัวย่อของ "Pama-Nyungan"; * กลุ่มภาษาบริทอนิก ({{code|cel-bry}}) * กลุ่มภาษาเซาท์เบิร์ดส์เฮด ({{code|ngf-sbh}}) {{shortcut|WT:QFA}} เมื่อทั้งกลุ่มภาษาและกลุ่มภาษาย่อยของกลุ่มนั้นไม่มีรหัส ISO 639-5 จะใช้รหัสพิเศษ "{{code|qfa}}" เป็นส่วนแรก ช่วงรหัส <code>q<var>xx</var></code> ได้รับอนุญาตจาก ISO สำหรับการใช้งานส่วนตัว โดยส่วนหลัง {{code|fa}} หมายถึง "family" ตัวอย่างเช่น: * กลุ่มภาษาเกรตอันดามันนีส ({{code|qfa-adm}}) * กลุ่มภาษาโคเรียน ({{code|qfa-kor}}) oly8gwy6bz7tbb4jila4c4filpbk88q 5753697 5753696 2026-08-02T02:16:44Z OctraBot 3198 5753697 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:FAM}} {{hatnote|สำหรับรายชื่อรหัสกลุ่มภาษาทั้งหมด ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่อกลุ่มภาษา]]}} {{hatnote|ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ภาษา]] และ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ภาษาถิ่น]] สำหรับการอภิปรายเกี่ยวกับภาษาและภาษาถิ่นตามลำดับ}} วิกิพจนานุกรมจัดเรียงภาษาเป็นกลุ่มต่าง ๆ กลุ่มภาษาส่วนใหญ่มีความสัมพันธ์กันโดยสืบเชื้อสายมาจากบรรพบุรุษร่วมกัน แต่บางกลุ่มเป็นเพียงหมวดหมู่ เช่น "กลุ่มภาษาครีโอล-พิดจิน" วิกิพจนานุกรมจัดระเบียบ [[WT:หมวดหมู่ภาษา|หมวดหมู่ภาษา]] และ [[WT:รากศัพท์|หมวดหมู่ที่มาของคำ]] ตามกลุ่ม แต่ละกลุ่มจะแสดงในวิกิพจนานุกรมด้วยชื่อและรหัส == รหัสกลุ่มภาษา == วิกิพจนานุกรมใช้รหัสในการแสดงกลุ่มภาษา รหัสกลุ่มภาษาจะถูกจัดเก็บไว้ใน [[มอดูล:families]] พร้อมกับข้อมูลที่เกี่ยวข้อง โดยทั่วไปรหัสเหล่านี้จะมีสามตัวอักษร หรือสามตัวอักษรตามด้วยเครื่องหมายขีดกลาง ตามด้วยตัวอักษรอีกสามตัว ในบางกรณีอาจเป็นข้อความอื่น ๆ ได้ รหัสกลุ่มภาษาสามารถนำไปใช้ในแม่แบบรากศัพท์ เช่น {{temp|der}}, {{temp|bor}} และ {{temp|inh}} และใน [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ศัพท์ที่สืบสร้าง|เนมสเปซการสืบสร้าง]] ได้อย่างเหมาะสม === กลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรม === กลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรมคือกลุ่มของภาษาที่มีบรรพบุรุษร่วมกัน วิกิพจนานุกรมใช้หลักวิชาการที่เป็นที่ยอมรับในการจัดกลุ่มภาษาเป็นหมวดหมู่ทางพันธุกรรม แต่ละกลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรมจะมีรหัส หลายกลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรมมีรหัส {{w|ISO 639-5}} เมื่อมีรหัสดังกล่าว วิกิพจนานุกรมจะใช้รหัสนั้นด้วย ตัวอย่างเช่น: * กลุ่มภาษาออสโตรเอเชียติก ({{code|aav}}) * กลุ่มภาษาเคลติก ({{code|cel}}) * กลุ่มภาษาเจอร์แมนิก ({{code|gem}}) เมื่อกลุ่มภาษาใดไม่มีรหัส ISO 639-5 มาตรฐาน แต่กลุ่มภาษาที่ใกล้เคียงที่สุดมีรหัส วิกิพจนานุกรมจะกำหนดรหัสพิเศษสองส่วนให้ ส่วนแรกคือรหัส ISO 639-5 ของกลุ่มภาษาที่ใกล้เคียงที่สุด และส่วนที่สองคืออักษรตัวเล็กสามตัวซึ่งโดยทั่วไปจะใกล้เคียงกับชื่อของกลุ่มภาษา ตัวอย่างเช่น: * กลุ่มภาษาปามา-ญูงัน ({{code|aus-pam}}) — "{{code|aus}}" คือรหัส ISO 639-5 สำหรับกลุ่มภาษาอะบอริจินออสเตรเลีย "{{code|pam}}" เป็นตัวย่อของ "Pama-Nyungan"; * กลุ่มภาษาบริทอนิก ({{code|cel-bry}}) * กลุ่มภาษาเซาท์เบิร์ดส์เฮด ({{code|ngf-sbh}}) {{shortcut|WT:QFA}} เมื่อทั้งกลุ่มภาษาและกลุ่มภาษาย่อยของกลุ่มนั้นไม่มีรหัส ISO 639-5 จะใช้รหัสพิเศษ "{{code|qfa}}" เป็นส่วนแรก ช่วงรหัส <code>q<var>xx</var></code> ได้รับอนุญาตจาก ISO สำหรับการใช้งานส่วนตัว โดยส่วนหลัง {{code|fa}} หมายถึง "family" ตัวอย่างเช่น: * กลุ่มภาษาเกรตอันดามันนีส ({{code|qfa-adm}}) * กลุ่มภาษาโคเรียน ({{code|qfa-kor}}) === กลุ่มภาษาที่ไม่เกี่ยวข้องกับพันธุกรรมและภาษาโดดเดี่ยว === ไม่ใช่ทุกกลุ่มภาษาจะเกี่ยวข้องกับพันธุกรรม บางกลุ่มประกอบด้วยภาษาที่มีคุณสมบัติร่วมกันอื่น ๆ หรือภาษาที่พูดในพื้นที่ใดพื้นที่หนึ่ง กลุ่มต่อไปนี้ได้รับการยอมรับ: * {{code|art}} — กลุ่มภาษาประดิษฐ์ คือภาษาที่สร้างขึ้น * {{code|crp}} — กลุ่มภาษาครีโอล-พิดจิน * {{code|sgn}} — กลุ่มภาษามือ * {{code|qfa-mix}} — กลุ่มภาษาผสม * {{code|qfa-iso}} — กลุ่มภาษาโดดเดี่ยว * {{code|qfa-not}} — ใช้กับภาษาที่ไม่จัดอยู่ในกลุ่มภาษาใด ๆ โดยหลักการ เพราะไม่ใช่ภาษาที่แท้จริง "ภาษาร่วม" ({{code|mul}}), "ภาษาไม่ระบุ" ({{code|und}}) และ "ภาษาพื้นถิ่น" ({{code|qfa-sub}}) ไม่ใช่ภาษา และไม่สามารถพิจารณาว่าเป็นสมาชิกของตระกูลภาษาใด ๆ ได้ ** รหัสนี้ยังใช้สำหรับการจัดกลุ่มของภาษาที่วิกิพจนานุกรมถือว่าเป็นกลุ่มภาษา แต่ไม่ได้มีความเกี่ยวข้องกัน รหัสกลุ่มภาษาพิเศษก่อนหน้านี้ก็ใช้รหัสนี้เช่นกัน jodmb1rw71kozuvovvonqq4xpeiddze 5753698 5753697 2026-08-02T02:17:16Z OctraBot 3198 /* กลุ่มภาษาที่ไม่เกี่ยวข้องกับพันธุกรรมและภาษาโดดเดี่ยว */ 5753698 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:FAM}} {{hatnote|สำหรับรายชื่อรหัสกลุ่มภาษาทั้งหมด ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่อกลุ่มภาษา]]}} {{hatnote|ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ภาษา]] และ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ภาษาถิ่น]] สำหรับการอภิปรายเกี่ยวกับภาษาและภาษาถิ่นตามลำดับ}} วิกิพจนานุกรมจัดเรียงภาษาเป็นกลุ่มต่าง ๆ กลุ่มภาษาส่วนใหญ่มีความสัมพันธ์กันโดยสืบเชื้อสายมาจากบรรพบุรุษร่วมกัน แต่บางกลุ่มเป็นเพียงหมวดหมู่ เช่น "กลุ่มภาษาครีโอล-พิดจิน" วิกิพจนานุกรมจัดระเบียบ [[WT:หมวดหมู่ภาษา|หมวดหมู่ภาษา]] และ [[WT:รากศัพท์|หมวดหมู่ที่มาของคำ]] ตามกลุ่ม แต่ละกลุ่มจะแสดงในวิกิพจนานุกรมด้วยชื่อและรหัส == รหัสกลุ่มภาษา == วิกิพจนานุกรมใช้รหัสในการแสดงกลุ่มภาษา รหัสกลุ่มภาษาจะถูกจัดเก็บไว้ใน [[มอดูล:families]] พร้อมกับข้อมูลที่เกี่ยวข้อง โดยทั่วไปรหัสเหล่านี้จะมีสามตัวอักษร หรือสามตัวอักษรตามด้วยเครื่องหมายขีดกลาง ตามด้วยตัวอักษรอีกสามตัว ในบางกรณีอาจเป็นข้อความอื่น ๆ ได้ รหัสกลุ่มภาษาสามารถนำไปใช้ในแม่แบบรากศัพท์ เช่น {{temp|der}}, {{temp|bor}} และ {{temp|inh}} และใน [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ศัพท์ที่สืบสร้าง|เนมสเปซการสืบสร้าง]] ได้อย่างเหมาะสม === กลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรม === กลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรมคือกลุ่มของภาษาที่มีบรรพบุรุษร่วมกัน วิกิพจนานุกรมใช้หลักวิชาการที่เป็นที่ยอมรับในการจัดกลุ่มภาษาเป็นหมวดหมู่ทางพันธุกรรม แต่ละกลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรมจะมีรหัส หลายกลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรมมีรหัส {{w|ISO 639-5}} เมื่อมีรหัสดังกล่าว วิกิพจนานุกรมจะใช้รหัสนั้นด้วย ตัวอย่างเช่น: * กลุ่มภาษาออสโตรเอเชียติก ({{code|aav}}) * กลุ่มภาษาเคลติก ({{code|cel}}) * กลุ่มภาษาเจอร์แมนิก ({{code|gem}}) เมื่อกลุ่มภาษาใดไม่มีรหัส ISO 639-5 มาตรฐาน แต่กลุ่มภาษาที่ใกล้เคียงที่สุดมีรหัส วิกิพจนานุกรมจะกำหนดรหัสพิเศษสองส่วนให้ ส่วนแรกคือรหัส ISO 639-5 ของกลุ่มภาษาที่ใกล้เคียงที่สุด และส่วนที่สองคืออักษรตัวเล็กสามตัวซึ่งโดยทั่วไปจะใกล้เคียงกับชื่อของกลุ่มภาษา ตัวอย่างเช่น: * กลุ่มภาษาปามา-ญูงัน ({{code|aus-pam}}) — "{{code|aus}}" คือรหัส ISO 639-5 สำหรับกลุ่มภาษาอะบอริจินออสเตรเลีย "{{code|pam}}" เป็นตัวย่อของ "Pama-Nyungan"; * กลุ่มภาษาบริทอนิก ({{code|cel-bry}}) * กลุ่มภาษาเซาท์เบิร์ดส์เฮด ({{code|ngf-sbh}}) {{shortcut|WT:QFA}} เมื่อทั้งกลุ่มภาษาและกลุ่มภาษาย่อยของกลุ่มนั้นไม่มีรหัส ISO 639-5 จะใช้รหัสพิเศษ "{{code|qfa}}" เป็นส่วนแรก ช่วงรหัส <code>q<var>xx</var></code> ได้รับอนุญาตจาก ISO สำหรับการใช้งานส่วนตัว โดยส่วนหลัง {{code|fa}} หมายถึง "family" ตัวอย่างเช่น: * กลุ่มภาษาเกรตอันดามันนีส ({{code|qfa-adm}}) * กลุ่มภาษาโคเรียน ({{code|qfa-kor}}) === กลุ่มภาษาที่ไม่ใช่ทางพันธุกรรมและภาษาโดดเดี่ยว === ไม่ใช่ทุกกลุ่มภาษาจะเกี่ยวข้องกับพันธุกรรม บางกลุ่มประกอบด้วยภาษาที่มีคุณสมบัติร่วมกันอื่น ๆ หรือภาษาที่พูดในพื้นที่ใดพื้นที่หนึ่ง กลุ่มต่อไปนี้ได้รับการยอมรับ: * {{code|art}} — กลุ่มภาษาประดิษฐ์ คือภาษาที่สร้างขึ้น * {{code|crp}} — กลุ่มภาษาครีโอล-พิดจิน * {{code|sgn}} — กลุ่มภาษามือ * {{code|qfa-mix}} — กลุ่มภาษาผสม * {{code|qfa-iso}} — กลุ่มภาษาโดดเดี่ยว * {{code|qfa-not}} — ใช้กับภาษาที่ไม่จัดอยู่ในกลุ่มภาษาใด ๆ โดยหลักการ เพราะไม่ใช่ภาษาที่แท้จริง "ภาษาร่วม" ({{code|mul}}), "ภาษาไม่ระบุ" ({{code|und}}) และ "ภาษาพื้นถิ่น" ({{code|qfa-sub}}) ไม่ใช่ภาษา และไม่สามารถพิจารณาว่าเป็นสมาชิกของตระกูลภาษาใด ๆ ได้ ** รหัสนี้ยังใช้สำหรับการจัดกลุ่มของภาษาที่วิกิพจนานุกรมถือว่าเป็นกลุ่มภาษา แต่ไม่ได้มีความเกี่ยวข้องกัน รหัสกลุ่มภาษาพิเศษก่อนหน้านี้ก็ใช้รหัสนี้เช่นกัน qzug0yxjodej0ksi0bl30abh1ksynlj 5753699 5753698 2026-08-02T02:18:22Z OctraBot 3198 /* กลุ่มภาษาที่ไม่ใช่ทางพันธุกรรมและภาษาโดดเดี่ยว */ 5753699 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:FAM}} {{hatnote|สำหรับรายชื่อรหัสกลุ่มภาษาทั้งหมด ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่อกลุ่มภาษา]]}} {{hatnote|ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ภาษา]] และ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ภาษาถิ่น]] สำหรับการอภิปรายเกี่ยวกับภาษาและภาษาถิ่นตามลำดับ}} วิกิพจนานุกรมจัดเรียงภาษาเป็นกลุ่มต่าง ๆ กลุ่มภาษาส่วนใหญ่มีความสัมพันธ์กันโดยสืบเชื้อสายมาจากบรรพบุรุษร่วมกัน แต่บางกลุ่มเป็นเพียงหมวดหมู่ เช่น "กลุ่มภาษาครีโอล-พิดจิน" วิกิพจนานุกรมจัดระเบียบ [[WT:หมวดหมู่ภาษา|หมวดหมู่ภาษา]] และ [[WT:รากศัพท์|หมวดหมู่ที่มาของคำ]] ตามกลุ่ม แต่ละกลุ่มจะแสดงในวิกิพจนานุกรมด้วยชื่อและรหัส == รหัสกลุ่มภาษา == วิกิพจนานุกรมใช้รหัสในการแสดงกลุ่มภาษา รหัสกลุ่มภาษาจะถูกจัดเก็บไว้ใน [[มอดูล:families]] พร้อมกับข้อมูลที่เกี่ยวข้อง โดยทั่วไปรหัสเหล่านี้จะมีสามตัวอักษร หรือสามตัวอักษรตามด้วยเครื่องหมายขีดกลาง ตามด้วยตัวอักษรอีกสามตัว ในบางกรณีอาจเป็นข้อความอื่น ๆ ได้ รหัสกลุ่มภาษาสามารถนำไปใช้ในแม่แบบรากศัพท์ เช่น {{temp|der}}, {{temp|bor}} และ {{temp|inh}} และใน [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ศัพท์ที่สืบสร้าง|เนมสเปซการสืบสร้าง]] ได้อย่างเหมาะสม === กลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรม === กลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรมคือกลุ่มของภาษาที่มีบรรพบุรุษร่วมกัน วิกิพจนานุกรมใช้หลักวิชาการที่เป็นที่ยอมรับในการจัดกลุ่มภาษาเป็นหมวดหมู่ทางพันธุกรรม แต่ละกลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรมจะมีรหัส หลายกลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรมมีรหัส {{w|ISO 639-5}} เมื่อมีรหัสดังกล่าว วิกิพจนานุกรมจะใช้รหัสนั้นด้วย ตัวอย่างเช่น: * กลุ่มภาษาออสโตรเอเชียติก ({{code|aav}}) * กลุ่มภาษาเคลติก ({{code|cel}}) * กลุ่มภาษาเจอร์แมนิก ({{code|gem}}) เมื่อกลุ่มภาษาใดไม่มีรหัส ISO 639-5 มาตรฐาน แต่กลุ่มภาษาที่ใกล้เคียงที่สุดมีรหัส วิกิพจนานุกรมจะกำหนดรหัสพิเศษสองส่วนให้ ส่วนแรกคือรหัส ISO 639-5 ของกลุ่มภาษาที่ใกล้เคียงที่สุด และส่วนที่สองคืออักษรตัวเล็กสามตัวซึ่งโดยทั่วไปจะใกล้เคียงกับชื่อของกลุ่มภาษา ตัวอย่างเช่น: * กลุ่มภาษาปามา-ญูงัน ({{code|aus-pam}}) — "{{code|aus}}" คือรหัส ISO 639-5 สำหรับกลุ่มภาษาอะบอริจินออสเตรเลีย "{{code|pam}}" เป็นตัวย่อของ "Pama-Nyungan"; * กลุ่มภาษาบริทอนิก ({{code|cel-bry}}) * กลุ่มภาษาเซาท์เบิร์ดส์เฮด ({{code|ngf-sbh}}) {{shortcut|WT:QFA}} เมื่อทั้งกลุ่มภาษาและกลุ่มภาษาย่อยของกลุ่มนั้นไม่มีรหัส ISO 639-5 จะใช้รหัสพิเศษ "{{code|qfa}}" เป็นส่วนแรก ช่วงรหัส <code>q<var>xx</var></code> ได้รับอนุญาตจาก ISO สำหรับการใช้งานส่วนตัว โดยส่วนหลัง {{code|fa}} หมายถึง "family" ตัวอย่างเช่น: * กลุ่มภาษาเกรตอันดามันนีส ({{code|qfa-adm}}) * กลุ่มภาษาโคเรียน ({{code|qfa-kor}}) === กลุ่มภาษาที่ไม่ใช่ทางพันธุกรรมและภาษาโดดเดี่ยว === ไม่ใช่ทุกกลุ่มภาษาจะเกี่ยวข้องกับพันธุกรรม บางกลุ่มประกอบด้วยภาษาที่มีคุณสมบัติร่วมกันอื่น ๆ หรือภาษาที่พูดในพื้นที่ใดพื้นที่หนึ่ง กลุ่มต่อไปนี้ได้รับการยอมรับ: * {{code|art}} — กลุ่มภาษาประดิษฐ์ คือภาษาที่สร้างขึ้น * {{code|crp}} — กลุ่มภาษาครีโอล-พิดจิน * {{code|sgn}} — กลุ่มภาษามือ * {{code|qfa-mix}} — กลุ่มภาษาผสม * {{code|qfa-iso}} — กลุ่มภาษาโดดเดี่ยว * {{code|qfa-not}} — ใช้กับภาษาที่ไม่จัดอยู่ในกลุ่มภาษาใด ๆ โดยหลักการ เพราะไม่ใช่ภาษาที่แท้จริง "ภาษาร่วม" ({{code|mul}}), "ภาษาไม่ระบุ" ({{code|und}}) และ "ภาษาพื้นถิ่น" ({{code|qfa-sub}}) ไม่ใช่ภาษา และไม่สามารถพิจารณาว่าเป็นสมาชิกของกลุ่มภาษาใด ๆ ได้ ** รหัสนี้ยังใช้สำหรับการจัดกลุ่มของภาษาที่วิกิพจนานุกรมถือว่าเป็นกลุ่มภาษา แต่ไม่ได้มีความเกี่ยวข้องกัน รหัสกลุ่มภาษาพิเศษก่อนหน้านี้ก็ใช้รหัสนี้เช่นกัน ru6s1bxa2nmyw6rtd12slziyrmlcpvf 5753700 5753699 2026-08-02T02:23:33Z OctraBot 3198 5753700 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:FAM}} {{hatnote|สำหรับรายชื่อรหัสกลุ่มภาษาทั้งหมด ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่อกลุ่มภาษา]]}} {{hatnote|ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ภาษา]] และ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ภาษาถิ่น]] สำหรับการอภิปรายเกี่ยวกับภาษาและภาษาถิ่นตามลำดับ}} วิกิพจนานุกรมจัดเรียงภาษาเป็นกลุ่มต่าง ๆ กลุ่มภาษาส่วนใหญ่มีความสัมพันธ์กันโดยสืบเชื้อสายมาจากบรรพบุรุษร่วมกัน แต่บางกลุ่มเป็นเพียงหมวดหมู่ เช่น "กลุ่มภาษาครีโอล-พิดจิน" วิกิพจนานุกรมจัดระเบียบ [[WT:หมวดหมู่ภาษา|หมวดหมู่ภาษา]] และ [[WT:รากศัพท์|หมวดหมู่ที่มาของคำ]] ตามกลุ่ม แต่ละกลุ่มจะแสดงในวิกิพจนานุกรมด้วยชื่อและรหัส == รหัสกลุ่มภาษา == วิกิพจนานุกรมใช้รหัสในการแสดงกลุ่มภาษา รหัสกลุ่มภาษาจะถูกจัดเก็บไว้ใน [[มอดูล:families]] พร้อมกับข้อมูลที่เกี่ยวข้อง โดยทั่วไปรหัสเหล่านี้จะมีสามตัวอักษร หรือสามตัวอักษรตามด้วยเครื่องหมายขีดกลาง ตามด้วยตัวอักษรอีกสามตัว ในบางกรณีอาจเป็นข้อความอื่น ๆ ได้ รหัสกลุ่มภาษาสามารถนำไปใช้ในแม่แบบรากศัพท์ เช่น {{temp|der}}, {{temp|bor}} และ {{temp|inh}} และใน [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ศัพท์ที่สืบสร้าง|เนมสเปซการสืบสร้าง]] ได้อย่างเหมาะสม === กลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรม === กลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรมคือกลุ่มของภาษาที่มีบรรพบุรุษร่วมกัน วิกิพจนานุกรมใช้หลักวิชาการที่เป็นที่ยอมรับในการจัดกลุ่มภาษาเป็นหมวดหมู่ทางพันธุกรรม แต่ละกลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรมจะมีรหัส หลายกลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรมมีรหัส {{w|ISO 639-5}} เมื่อมีรหัสดังกล่าว วิกิพจนานุกรมจะใช้รหัสนั้นด้วย ตัวอย่างเช่น: * กลุ่มภาษาออสโตรเอเชียติก ({{code|aav}}) * กลุ่มภาษาเคลติก ({{code|cel}}) * กลุ่มภาษาเจอร์แมนิก ({{code|gem}}) เมื่อกลุ่มภาษาใดไม่มีรหัส ISO 639-5 มาตรฐาน แต่กลุ่มภาษาที่ใกล้เคียงที่สุดมีรหัส วิกิพจนานุกรมจะกำหนดรหัสพิเศษสองส่วนให้ ส่วนแรกคือรหัส ISO 639-5 ของกลุ่มภาษาที่ใกล้เคียงที่สุด และส่วนที่สองคืออักษรตัวเล็กสามตัวซึ่งโดยทั่วไปจะใกล้เคียงกับชื่อของกลุ่มภาษา ตัวอย่างเช่น: * กลุ่มภาษาปามา-ญูงัน ({{code|aus-pam}}) — "{{code|aus}}" คือรหัส ISO 639-5 สำหรับกลุ่มภาษาอะบอริจินออสเตรเลีย "{{code|pam}}" เป็นตัวย่อของ "Pama-Nyungan"; * กลุ่มภาษาบริทอนิก ({{code|cel-bry}}) * กลุ่มภาษาเซาท์เบิร์ดส์เฮด ({{code|ngf-sbh}}) {{shortcut|WT:QFA}} เมื่อทั้งกลุ่มภาษาและกลุ่มภาษาย่อยของกลุ่มนั้นไม่มีรหัส ISO 639-5 จะใช้รหัสพิเศษ "{{code|qfa}}" เป็นส่วนแรก ช่วงรหัส <code>q<var>xx</var></code> ได้รับอนุญาตจาก ISO สำหรับการใช้งานส่วนตัว โดยส่วนหลัง {{code|fa}} หมายถึง "family" ตัวอย่างเช่น: * กลุ่มภาษาเกรตอันดามันนีส ({{code|qfa-adm}}) * กลุ่มภาษาโคเรียน ({{code|qfa-kor}}) === กลุ่มภาษาที่ไม่ใช่ทางพันธุกรรมและภาษาโดดเดี่ยว === ไม่ใช่ทุกกลุ่มภาษาจะเกี่ยวข้องกับพันธุกรรม บางกลุ่มประกอบด้วยภาษาที่มีคุณสมบัติร่วมกันอื่น ๆ หรือภาษาที่พูดในพื้นที่ใดพื้นที่หนึ่ง กลุ่มต่อไปนี้ได้รับการยอมรับ: * {{code|art}} — กลุ่มภาษาประดิษฐ์ คือภาษาที่สร้างขึ้น * {{code|crp}} — กลุ่มภาษาครีโอล-พิดจิน * {{code|sgn}} — กลุ่มภาษามือ * {{code|qfa-mix}} — กลุ่มภาษาผสม * {{code|qfa-iso}} — กลุ่มภาษาโดดเดี่ยว * {{code|qfa-not}} — ใช้กับภาษาที่ไม่จัดอยู่ในกลุ่มภาษาใด ๆ โดยหลักการ เพราะไม่ใช่ภาษาที่แท้จริง "ภาษาร่วม" ({{code|mul}}), "ภาษาไม่ระบุ" ({{code|und}}) และ "ภาษาพื้นถิ่น" ({{code|qfa-sub}}) ไม่ใช่ภาษา และไม่สามารถพิจารณาว่าเป็นสมาชิกของกลุ่มภาษาใด ๆ ได้ ** รหัสนี้ยังใช้สำหรับการจัดกลุ่มของภาษาที่วิกิพจนานุกรมถือว่าเป็นกลุ่มภาษา แต่ไม่ได้มีความเกี่ยวข้องกัน รหัสกลุ่มภาษาพิเศษก่อนหน้านี้ก็ใช้รหัสนี้เช่นกัน == ชื่อกลุ่มภาษา == * ชื่อกลุ่มภาษาทั้งหมดควรได้รับการนิยามเป็นคำภาษาไทยในรายการวิกิพจนานุกรมที่เกี่ยวข้อง * แต่ละชื่อกลุ่มภาษาจะถูกอ้างถึงด้วยชื่อเดียวอย่างสม่ำเสมอ เพื่อใช้ในที่มาของคำและที่อื่น ๆ เมื่อมีชื่อที่เป็นไปได้สองชื่อขึ้นไป จะเลือกชื่อใดชื่อหนึ่ง * เพื่อความชัดเจน ควรหลีกเลี่ยงการใช้ชื่อเดียวกันสำหรับทั้งชื่อกลุ่มภาษาและชื่อภาษา หากเป็นไปได้ ตัวอย่างเช่น ชื่อกลุ่มภาษาหนึ่งอาจเรียกว่า ''ญี่ปุ่น'' (Japanese) หรือ ''แจพอนิก'' (Japonic) แต่เนื่องจากมีภาษา ''ญี่ปุ่น'' อยู่แล้ว ''แจพอนิก'' จึงเป็นชื่อที่เหมาะสมกว่าสำหรับชื่อกลุ่มภาษานั้น (อย่างไรก็ตาม บางกรณีก็ไม่สามารถหลีกเลี่ยงการใช้คำพ้องเสียงได้ ตัวอย่างเช่น มีทั้งภาษา ''คิปชาก'' และกลุ่มภาษา ''คิปชาก'') * ชื่อกลุ่มภาษาที่มีหลายชื่อควรระบุไว้ในส่วน ''คำพ้องความ'' หรือ ''รูปแบบอื่น'' ในแต่ละรายการด้วย 28pubi41a2a265uxelwhrjgz9fxbaa4 5753702 5753700 2026-08-02T02:25:34Z OctraBot 3198 ทำหน้าว่าง 5753702 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 ᩌᩮᩢᩣ 0 2356203 5753635 2026-08-01T15:11:33Z Ai Ku Karng 17824 สร้างหน้าด้วย "== ภาษาคำเมือง == === คำสรรพนาม === {{nod-pronoun}} # {{alternative form of|nod|ᩁᩮᩢᩣ}} === อ้างอิง === * {{R:nod:LannaDic}}" 5753635 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาคำเมือง == === คำสรรพนาม === {{nod-pronoun}} # {{alternative form of|nod|ᩁᩮᩢᩣ}} === อ้างอิง === * {{R:nod:LannaDic}} 7qvs4subgfeizcaz6x1gl29cbj3th4j ဢမ်းၽိူဝ်း 0 2356204 5753651 2026-08-01T15:52:03Z Ai Ku Karng 17824 สร้างหน้าด้วย "== ภาษาไทใหญ่ == === รากศัพท์ === {{bor+|shn|th|อำเภอ}}, จาก{{der|shn|okz-ang|អំវេ}} หรือ {{m|okz-ang|អំពេ}}, จาก{{der|shn|okz-pre|អំវេ}}, แรกสุดจาก {{m|okz-ang|*វេ}}; ร่วมเชื้อสายกับ{{cog|nod|ᩋᩣᩴᨽᩮᩬᩥ}} === การออกเสียง === {{shn-pron|ဢမ်း-ၽိူဝ်း}} ===..." 5753651 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาไทใหญ่ == === รากศัพท์ === {{bor+|shn|th|อำเภอ}}, จาก{{der|shn|okz-ang|អំវេ}} หรือ {{m|okz-ang|អំពេ}}, จาก{{der|shn|okz-pre|អំវេ}}, แรกสุดจาก {{m|okz-ang|*វេ}}; ร่วมเชื้อสายกับ{{cog|nod|ᩋᩣᩴᨽᩮᩬᩥ}} === การออกเสียง === {{shn-pron|ဢမ်း-ၽိူဝ်း}} === คำนาม === {{shn-noun}} # [[อำเภอ]] (หน่วยการปกครองระดับที่สองในประเทศไทย) 6jsrbnzp728rosbppo41enm0v8lv4zb วิกิพจนานุกรม:อักษร 4 2356205 5753659 2026-08-01T15:56:32Z OctraBot 3198 สร้างหน้าด้วย "{{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:S|WT:SCR|WT:SCRIPTS}} :''หน้านี้เกี่ยวกับระบบการเขียน สำหรับรายชื่อสคริปต์ของผู้ใช้ ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สคริปต์ผู้ใช้]]; สำหรับข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับการเขียนโปรแกรมในภาษา..." 5753659 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:S|WT:SCR|WT:SCRIPTS}} :''หน้านี้เกี่ยวกับระบบการเขียน สำหรับรายชื่อสคริปต์ของผู้ใช้ ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สคริปต์ผู้ใช้]]; สำหรับข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับการเขียนโปรแกรมในภาษาลูอา ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สกรีบุนโต]]'' :''สำหรับรายการรหัสอักษรทั้งหมด ดูที่ '''[[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' '''อักษร''' หรือ '''ระบบการเขียน''' คือกลุ่มของตัวอักษรหรืออักขระ == ข้อกำหนด == ในวิกิพจนานุกรม แต่ละอักษรจะถูกระบุด้วย ''รหัส'' และ ''ชื่อ'' รหัสอักษรมาจาก {{w|ISO 15924}} ([[ภาคผนวก:ISO 15924|ภาคผนวก]], [http://www.unicode.org/iso15924/iso15924-codes.html unicode.org]) โดยมีการเพิ่มเติมบางส่วน ตัวอย่างเช่น: * {{code|Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ * {{code|Cyrl}}: อักษรซีริลลิก * {{code|Latn}}: อักษรละติน รหัสอักษรบางรหัสในวิกิพจนานุกรม (ที่ใช้สำหรับอักษรหลากหลายรูปแบบของภาษาต่าง ๆ) จะตั้งชื่อโดยการรวมรหัสอักษร ISO และรหัสภาษาของวิกิพจนานุกรมเข้าด้วยกัน * {{code|fa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาเปอร์เซีย) * {{code|ks-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาแคชเมียร์) * {{code|ota-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาตุรกีแบบออตโตมัน) * {{code|pa-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาปัญจาบ) * {{code|pjt-Latn}}: อักษรละติน (ของภาษาปีชันชาชารา) * {{code|ur-Arab}}: อักษรอาหรับ (ของภาษาอูร์ดู) นอกจากนี้ยังมีรหัสที่มีชื่อพิเศษบางรหัส: * {{code|None}}: หมายถึงไม่มีการจัดรูปแบบใด ๆ เลย ใช้เป็นอักษร “ว่างเปล่า” หรือ “ไม่ทราบ” สำหรับภาษาที่ยังไม่ได้ระบุอักษรไว้ใน [[มอดูล:languages]] * {{code|Polyt}}: หมายถึงข้อความภาษากรีกโบราณ (ตรงข้ามกับสมัยใหม่) ซึ่งใช้เครื่องหมายกำกับเสียงหลายเสียง * {{code|Music}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญกรณ์ดนตรี * {{code|Morse}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์รหัสมอร์ส * {{code|Semap}}: ใช้สำหรับสัญลักษณ์สัญญาณธง * {{code|Ipach}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวอักษรจากสัทอักษรสากล (IPA) * {{code|Rumin}}: ใช้สำหรับตัวเลขรูมี (ดู {{w|Rumi Numeral Symbols}}) '''รายการรหัสอักษรที่วิกิพจนานุกรมรับรองทั้งหมดสามารถดูได้ที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]]''' == หน้าที่ == === โครงสร้าง === ตาม [[WT:CFI|เกณฑ์การรวม]] ของเรา วิกิพจนานุกรมซึ่งเป็นพจนานุกรมของคำศัพท์ทุกคำในทุกภาษา จึงมีคำจำกัดความสำหรับตัวอักษรแต่ละตัว ดังนั้นเราจึงจำเป็นต้องทราบว่าตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นเป็นอักษรชนิดใด ความรู้นี้ยังช่วยในการจัดระเบียบตัวอักษรเหล่านั้นโดยการจัดหมวดหมู่และอธิบายเพิ่มเติมในภาคผนวก อักษรต่าง ๆ ถูกกำหนดไว้ใน [[มอดูล:scripts/data]] === การจัดรูปแบบ === นอกจากนี้ ข้อความบางส่วนอาจได้รับการจัดรูปแบบตามอักษรที่ใช้ โดยใช้แท็ก HTML span ครอบไว้ ในทางทฤษฎีแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์ควรจัดการการจัดรูปแบบโดยอัตโนมัติ แต่ในทางปฏิบัติแล้ว เบราว์เซอร์มักทำได้ไม่ดีนัก ดังนั้น การจัดรูปแบบ (ทิศทางข้อความ ตระกูลฟอนต์ หรือขนาดฟอนต์) จึงถูกควบคุมโดยการใช้แอตทริบิวต์ class ของ HTML (ซึ่งสามารถใช้ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความโดยใช้ [[มีเดียวิกิ:Common.css|สไตล์ชีตแบบเรียงซ้อนส่วนกลาง (CSS)]], [[วิธีใช้:สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้|สไตล์ชีตผู้ใช้]] ของผู้แก้ไขที่ลงทะเบียน หรือสไตล์ชีตของผู้ใช้ของเว็บเบราว์เซอร์) หรือแอตทริบิวต์สไตล์แบบอินไลน์ == การใช้อักษรกับข้อความ == เพื่อวัตถุประสงค์ในการจัดรูปแบบข้อความ มีแม่แบบ {{temp|lang}} ซึ่งทำหน้าที่เป็นตัวห่อหุ้มสำหรับข้อกำหนดการจัดรูปแบบที่กำหนดไว้ล่วงหน้า เป็นแม่แบบ “พื้นฐาน” ที่ใช้เฉพาะการจัดรูปแบบเฉพาะภาษาและอักษรเท่านั้น แต่ไม่ได้ทำอะไรอย่างอื่น สามารถใช้ในสถานการณ์ที่ต้องการเขียนข้อความที่ไม่ใช่อักษรละตินโดยทั่วไป แม่แบบนี้รับพารามิเตอร์รหัสภาษาที่จำเป็นและข้อความที่จะห่อหุ้ม พารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} ที่เป็นตัวเลือกใช้เพื่อแทนที่อักษรที่ตรวจพบโดยอัตโนมัติหากจำเป็น พารามิเตอร์ {{para|face}} สามารถใช้เพื่อใช้สไตล์เฉพาะกับข้อความ ซึ่งสามารถเป็น {{code|term}}, {{code|head}}, {{code|bold}} หรือว่างเปล่าสำหรับข้อความปกติ ซึ่งช่วยให้สามารถใช้เอฟเฟกต์ตัวเอนและตัวหนาเฉพาะอักษรนั้น พร้อมการจัดรูปแบบที่เหมาะสมกับข้อกำหนดของอักษรนั้น ๆ รวมถึงเพื่อเพิ่มความอ่านง่าย แม่แบบส่วนใหญ่ที่แสดงข้อความที่ไม่ใช่ภาษาอังกฤษก็จะมีพารามิเตอร์ภาษา และพารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} เพื่อแทนที่อักษรที่ตรวจจับโดยอัตโนมัติ ซึ่งรวมถึงแม่แบบที่ใช้กันอย่างแพร่หลาย เช่น {{temp|l}}, {{temp|m}}, {{temp|t}}, {{temp|head}} และ {{temp|form of}}: * {{temp|lang|sh|вријеме|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{lang|sh|вријеме|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|m|sh|вријеме|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{m|sh|вријеме|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|head|sh|คำนาม|g{{=}}n|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{head|head=вријеме|sh|คำนาม|g=n|sc=Cyrl}} * {{temp|t|sh|вријеме|n|sc{{=}}Cyrl}} แสดงผลเป็น {{t|sh|вријеме|n|sc=Cyrl}} แม่แบบส่วนใหญ่ รวมถึงแม่แบบทั้งหมดที่ระบุไว้ข้างต้น จะทำการตรวจจับอักษรโดยอัตโนมัติ โดยจะตรวจสอบข้อความที่ให้มา และพยายามตัดสินว่าใช้อักษรใดของภาษานั้น (ที่ระบุไว้ในมอดูลย่อยข้อมูล [[มอดูล:languages]]) ดังนั้น พารามิเตอร์ {{para|sc}} จึงแทบไม่จำเป็นต้องใช้ อย่างไรก็ตาม จำเป็นต้องระบุพารามิเตอร์นี้หากข้อความเขียนด้วยอักษรที่ไม่ใช่อักษรที่รู้จักของภาษานั้น * {{temp|l|sh|vrijeme}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|vrijeme}} (อักษรเริ่มต้นของภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชียคือ “Latn”) * {{temp|l|sh|вријеме}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|вријеме}} (แม่แบบจะรู้จักข้อความที่เขียนด้วยอักษรอื่น ๆ ที่ระบุไว้สำหรับภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย ในกรณีนี้คืออักษรซีริลลิก) * {{temp|l|sh|β|sc{{=}}Grek}} แสดงผลเป็น {{l|sh|β|sc=Grek}} (อย่างไรก็ตาม หากคุณต้องการเขียนตัวอักษรกรีกในภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย คุณต้องระบุรหัสอักษร เนื่องจากภาษากรีกไม่ใช่หนึ่งในอักษรปกติสำหรับภาษาเซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย) === กรณีที่จำเป็นต้องใช้พารามิเตอร์อักษร === ในกรณีส่วนใหญ่ ไม่จำเป็นต้องใช้พารามิเตอร์อักษร เนื่องจากโค้ดฝั่งเซิร์ฟเวอร์จะจัดการการติดแท็กอักษรโดยอัตโนมัติ กรณีที่จำเป็นต้องใช้ {{para|sc}} จะเกิดขึ้นเฉพาะเมื่อไม่สามารถทำได้เท่านั้น ตัวอย่างเช่น: * {{temp|m|el|;|sc=Grek}} — ในภาษากรีก เมื่อคำนั้นไม่มีตัวอักษรกรีก แต่ใช้ในข้อความที่เขียนด้วยอักษรกรีก * {{temp|m|zh|man|t=manly|sc=Hani}} — ในคำศัพท์ใหม่ของภาษาจีน (ส่วนใหญ่ยืมมาจากภาษาอังกฤษ) เมื่อใช้คำที่เขียนด้วยอักษรละตินในข้อความที่เขียนด้วยอักษรฮั่น และไม่ใช่การถอดเสียงเป็นอักษรโรมัน (romanization) ดังนั้นจึงไม่ควรติดแท็กเป็น {{code|Latn}} (อักษรละติน) ** {{temp|m|cmn|man}} — พยางค์พินอินเสียงกลาง ตรวจจับโดยอัตโนมัติว่าเป็นอักษรละติน * ในภาษาโรมาเนีย ซึ่งใช้ {{code|Cyrl}} (อักษรซีริลลิก) และ {{code|Cyrs}} (อักษรซีริลลิกเก่า) ซึ่งมีตัวอักษรเหมือนกัน แต่ {{code|Cyrl}} แทนภาษามอลโดวาในปัจจุบัน และ {{code|Cyrs}} แทนการเขียนอักษรซีริลลิกที่เก่ากว่า == รายชื่อรหัสอักษร == {{main|วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร}} ณ เดือนเมษายน 2023 วิกิพจนานุกรมได้รวมรหัส ISO 15924 ทั้งหมดแล้ว (ดู [[ภาคผนวก:ISO 15924]]) ยกเว้นรหัสต่อไปนี้: {{code|Aran}}, {{code|Cirt}}, {{code|Hanb}}, {{code|Jamo}}, {{code|Pcun}}, {{code|Pelm}}, {{code|Piqd}}, {{code|Psin}}, {{code|Sara}}, {{code|Syre}}, {{code|Syrj}}, {{code|Syrn}}, {{code|Zinh}}, {{code|Zsye}}, {{code|Zxxx}} (มาตรฐาน ISO ยังได้สงวนพื้นที่ไว้สำหรับรหัสหลายรายการ แต่ไม่ได้นำมาใช้) นอกจากนี้ วิกิพจนานุกรมยังใช้รหัสหลายรายการที่ไม่ได้ระบุไว้ใน ISO 15924 รหัสเหล่านี้รวมอยู่ใน [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร|รายชื่ออักษร]] ส่วนกลาง ซึ่งรวมถึงรหัสสำหรับอักษรอาหรับหลายแบบ (เช่น {{code|fa-Arab}}) อักษรละตินหลายแบบ (เช่น {{code|pjt-Latn}}) อักษรกรีกหลายเสียง ({{code|Polyt}}) และอื่น ๆ (เช่น {{code|mnc-Mong}}) รวมถึงรหัสสำหรับสัญกรณ์ดนตรี ({{code|Music}}) และ IPA ({{code|Ipach}}) ส่วนรหัส {{code|None}} ทำหน้าที่คล้ายกับรหัสอักษรในบางกรณี == ดูเพิ่ม== * [[ภาคผนวก:ISO 15924]] * [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ฟอนต์]] == ลิงก์ภายนอก == * [http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4646 RFC 4646 แท็กสำหรับระบุภาษา] * [http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry ทะเบียนแท็กย่อยภาษาของ IANA] * [http://unicode.org/cldr/transliteration_guidelines.html ที่เก็บข้อมูลภาษาทั่วไป] * [http://www.w3.org/International/articles/language-tags/ บทความ I18n ของ W3C: แท็กภาษาใน HTML และ XML] [[หมวดหมู่:อักษรทั้งหมด|*]] mrii8w48fx88zob631nqh4p7fynszgg วิกิพจนานุกรม:S 4 2356206 5753660 2026-08-01T15:56:44Z OctraBot 3198 เปลี่ยนทางหน้าไปยัง [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:อักษร]] 5753660 wikitext text/x-wiki #เปลี่ยนทาง [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:อักษร]] 2pgfux7z8a55lb0x1h5k52zo3m0lab1 วิกิพจนานุกรม:SCR 4 2356207 5753661 2026-08-01T15:56:50Z OctraBot 3198 เปลี่ยนทางหน้าไปยัง [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:อักษร]] 5753661 wikitext text/x-wiki #เปลี่ยนทาง [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:อักษร]] 2pgfux7z8a55lb0x1h5k52zo3m0lab1 วิกิพจนานุกรม:SCRIPTS 4 2356208 5753662 2026-08-01T15:56:52Z OctraBot 3198 เปลี่ยนทางหน้าไปยัง [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:อักษร]] 5753662 wikitext text/x-wiki #เปลี่ยนทาง [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:อักษร]] 2pgfux7z8a55lb0x1h5k52zo3m0lab1 คุยกับผู้ใช้:เอกลักษณ์กา 3 2356209 5753663 2026-08-01T15:57:56Z New user message 2698 เพิ่ม[[Template:Welcome|สารต้อนรับ]]ในหน้าคุยของผู้ใช้ใหม่ 5753663 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Template:Welcome|realName=|name=เอกลักษณ์กา}} -- [[ผู้ใช้:New user message|New user message]] ([[คุยกับผู้ใช้:New user message|คุย]]) 22:57, 1 สิงหาคม 2569 (+07) b7cqr860jot64edorgzy19sxj4wq9hb วิกิพจนานุกรม:Scripts 4 2356210 5753664 2026-08-01T16:01:56Z OctraBot 3198 เปลี่ยนทางหน้าไปยัง [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:อักษร]] 5753664 wikitext text/x-wiki #เปลี่ยนทาง [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:อักษร]] 2pgfux7z8a55lb0x1h5k52zo3m0lab1 scribunto 0 2356211 5753665 2026-08-01T16:05:23Z OctraBot 3198 นำเข้าจาก enwikt เก็บกวาด 5753665 wikitext text/x-wiki {{selfref|ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:สกรีบุนโต]] สำหรับคำแนะนำในการใช้สกรีบุนโตบนวิกิพจนานุกรม}} == ภาษาละติน == === คำกริยา === {{head|la|รูปกริยา|head=scrībuntō}} # {{inflection of|la|scrībō||3|p|futr|actv|impr}} 9qs35esook2cp2x5kmndbsj6lz211os แม่แบบ:selfref 10 2356212 5753666 2026-08-01T16:05:34Z OctraBot 3198 นำเข้าจาก enwikt 5753666 wikitext text/x-wiki <div class="disambig-see-also plainlinks selfreference noprint" role="note">''{{{1}}}''</div><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> bm225ndkg4rl05sdpymka9n32g1onwe วิกิพจนานุกรม:SCLIST 4 2356213 5753669 2026-08-01T16:10:26Z OctraBot 3198 เปลี่ยนทางหน้าไปยัง [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]] 5753669 wikitext text/x-wiki #เปลี่ยนทาง [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]] 9dyfhenie1qc1pjsdowoywb5tecqenj วิกิพจนานุกรม:LOS 4 2356214 5753670 2026-08-01T16:10:29Z OctraBot 3198 เปลี่ยนทางหน้าไปยัง [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]] 5753670 wikitext text/x-wiki #เปลี่ยนทาง [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]] 9dyfhenie1qc1pjsdowoywb5tecqenj วิกิพจนานุกรม:List of scripts 4 2356215 5753671 2026-08-01T16:10:43Z OctraBot 3198 เปลี่ยนทางหน้าไปยัง [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]] 5753671 wikitext text/x-wiki #เปลี่ยนทาง [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่ออักษร]] 9dyfhenie1qc1pjsdowoywb5tecqenj วิกิพจนานุกรม:FAMLIST 4 2356216 5753674 2026-08-01T16:16:38Z OctraBot 3198 เปลี่ยนทางหน้าไปยัง [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่อกลุ่มภาษา]] 5753674 wikitext text/x-wiki #เปลี่ยนทาง [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่อกลุ่มภาษา]] cbwsf4qtfu7ece6xltb7eq400j9xock วิกิพจนานุกรม:LOF 4 2356217 5753675 2026-08-01T16:16:40Z OctraBot 3198 เปลี่ยนทางหน้าไปยัง [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่อกลุ่มภาษา]] 5753675 wikitext text/x-wiki #เปลี่ยนทาง [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่อกลุ่มภาษา]] cbwsf4qtfu7ece6xltb7eq400j9xock วิกิพจนานุกรม:LF 4 2356218 5753676 2026-08-01T16:16:42Z OctraBot 3198 เปลี่ยนทางหน้าไปยัง [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่อกลุ่มภาษา]] 5753676 wikitext text/x-wiki #เปลี่ยนทาง [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่อกลุ่มภาษา]] cbwsf4qtfu7ece6xltb7eq400j9xock วิกิพจนานุกรม:List of families 4 2356219 5753677 2026-08-01T16:17:00Z OctraBot 3198 เปลี่ยนทางหน้าไปยัง [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่อกลุ่มภาษา]] 5753677 wikitext text/x-wiki #เปลี่ยนทาง [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่อกลุ่มภาษา]] cbwsf4qtfu7ece6xltb7eq400j9xock หมวดหมู่:User ko-N 14 2356220 5753686 2026-08-02T00:09:27Z Babel AutoCreate 4995 สร้างหน้าหมวดหมู่[[-|บาเบล]]อัตโนมัติ 5753686 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Babel category|level=N|language={{langname|ko}}|ISO=ko}}<!--no need เกาหลี--> [[Category:User_ko|N]] izvz0b3j8gf89b9y2gojmz7gwb8j2qb วิกิพจนานุกรม:กลุ่มภาษา 4 2356221 5753701 2026-08-02T02:25:33Z OctraBot 3198 สร้างหน้าด้วย "{{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:FAM}} {{hatnote|สำหรับรายชื่อรหัสกลุ่มภาษาทั้งหมด ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่อกลุ่มภาษา]]}} {{hatnote|ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ภาษา]] และ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ภาษาถิ่น]] สำหรับการอภิ..." 5753701 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:FAM}} {{hatnote|สำหรับรายชื่อรหัสกลุ่มภาษาทั้งหมด ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่อกลุ่มภาษา]]}} {{hatnote|ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ภาษา]] และ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ภาษาถิ่น]] สำหรับการอภิปรายเกี่ยวกับภาษาและภาษาถิ่นตามลำดับ}} วิกิพจนานุกรมจัดเรียงภาษาเป็นกลุ่มต่าง ๆ กลุ่มภาษาส่วนใหญ่มีความสัมพันธ์กันโดยสืบเชื้อสายมาจากบรรพบุรุษร่วมกัน แต่บางกลุ่มเป็นเพียงหมวดหมู่ เช่น "กลุ่มภาษาครีโอล-พิดจิน" วิกิพจนานุกรมจัดระเบียบ [[WT:หมวดหมู่ภาษา|หมวดหมู่ภาษา]] และ [[WT:รากศัพท์|หมวดหมู่ที่มาของคำ]] ตามกลุ่ม แต่ละกลุ่มจะแสดงในวิกิพจนานุกรมด้วยชื่อและรหัส == รหัสกลุ่มภาษา == วิกิพจนานุกรมใช้รหัสในการแสดงกลุ่มภาษา รหัสกลุ่มภาษาจะถูกจัดเก็บไว้ใน [[มอดูล:families]] พร้อมกับข้อมูลที่เกี่ยวข้อง โดยทั่วไปรหัสเหล่านี้จะมีสามตัวอักษร หรือสามตัวอักษรตามด้วยเครื่องหมายขีดกลาง ตามด้วยตัวอักษรอีกสามตัว ในบางกรณีอาจเป็นข้อความอื่น ๆ ได้ รหัสกลุ่มภาษาสามารถนำไปใช้ในแม่แบบรากศัพท์ เช่น {{temp|der}}, {{temp|bor}} และ {{temp|inh}} และใน [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ศัพท์ที่สืบสร้าง|เนมสเปซการสืบสร้าง]] ได้อย่างเหมาะสม === กลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรม === กลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรมคือกลุ่มของภาษาที่มีบรรพบุรุษร่วมกัน วิกิพจนานุกรมใช้หลักวิชาการที่เป็นที่ยอมรับในการจัดกลุ่มภาษาเป็นหมวดหมู่ทางพันธุกรรม แต่ละกลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรมจะมีรหัส หลายกลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรมมีรหัส {{w|ISO 639-5}} เมื่อมีรหัสดังกล่าว วิกิพจนานุกรมจะใช้รหัสนั้นด้วย ตัวอย่างเช่น: * กลุ่มภาษาออสโตรเอเชียติก ({{code|aav}}) * กลุ่มภาษาเคลติก ({{code|cel}}) * กลุ่มภาษาเจอร์แมนิก ({{code|gem}}) เมื่อกลุ่มภาษาใดไม่มีรหัส ISO 639-5 มาตรฐาน แต่กลุ่มภาษาที่ใกล้เคียงที่สุดมีรหัส วิกิพจนานุกรมจะกำหนดรหัสพิเศษสองส่วนให้ ส่วนแรกคือรหัส ISO 639-5 ของกลุ่มภาษาที่ใกล้เคียงที่สุด และส่วนที่สองคืออักษรตัวเล็กสามตัวซึ่งโดยทั่วไปจะใกล้เคียงกับชื่อของกลุ่มภาษา ตัวอย่างเช่น: * กลุ่มภาษาปามา-ญูงัน ({{code|aus-pam}}) — "{{code|aus}}" คือรหัส ISO 639-5 สำหรับกลุ่มภาษาอะบอริจินออสเตรเลีย "{{code|pam}}" เป็นตัวย่อของ "Pama-Nyungan"; * กลุ่มภาษาบริทอนิก ({{code|cel-bry}}) * กลุ่มภาษาเซาท์เบิร์ดส์เฮด ({{code|ngf-sbh}}) {{shortcut|WT:QFA}} เมื่อทั้งกลุ่มภาษาและกลุ่มภาษาย่อยของกลุ่มนั้นไม่มีรหัส ISO 639-5 จะใช้รหัสพิเศษ "{{code|qfa}}" เป็นส่วนแรก ช่วงรหัส <code>q<var>xx</var></code> ได้รับอนุญาตจาก ISO สำหรับการใช้งานส่วนตัว โดยส่วนหลัง {{code|fa}} หมายถึง "family" ตัวอย่างเช่น: * กลุ่มภาษาเกรตอันดามันนีส ({{code|qfa-adm}}) * กลุ่มภาษาโคเรียน ({{code|qfa-kor}}) === กลุ่มภาษาที่ไม่ใช่ทางพันธุกรรมและภาษาโดดเดี่ยว === ไม่ใช่ทุกกลุ่มภาษาจะเกี่ยวข้องกับพันธุกรรม บางกลุ่มประกอบด้วยภาษาที่มีคุณสมบัติร่วมกันอื่น ๆ หรือภาษาที่พูดในพื้นที่ใดพื้นที่หนึ่ง กลุ่มต่อไปนี้ได้รับการยอมรับ: * {{code|art}} — กลุ่มภาษาประดิษฐ์ คือภาษาที่สร้างขึ้น * {{code|crp}} — กลุ่มภาษาครีโอล-พิดจิน * {{code|sgn}} — กลุ่มภาษามือ * {{code|qfa-mix}} — กลุ่มภาษาผสม * {{code|qfa-iso}} — กลุ่มภาษาโดดเดี่ยว * {{code|qfa-not}} — ใช้กับภาษาที่ไม่จัดอยู่ในกลุ่มภาษาใด ๆ โดยหลักการ เพราะไม่ใช่ภาษาที่แท้จริง "ภาษาร่วม" ({{code|mul}}), "ภาษาไม่ระบุ" ({{code|und}}) และ "ภาษาพื้นถิ่น" ({{code|qfa-sub}}) ไม่ใช่ภาษา และไม่สามารถพิจารณาว่าเป็นสมาชิกของกลุ่มภาษาใด ๆ ได้ ** รหัสนี้ยังใช้สำหรับการจัดกลุ่มของภาษาที่วิกิพจนานุกรมถือว่าเป็นกลุ่มภาษา แต่ไม่ได้มีความเกี่ยวข้องกัน รหัสกลุ่มภาษาพิเศษก่อนหน้านี้ก็ใช้รหัสนี้เช่นกัน == ชื่อกลุ่มภาษา == * ชื่อกลุ่มภาษาทั้งหมดควรได้รับการนิยามเป็นคำภาษาไทยในรายการวิกิพจนานุกรมที่เกี่ยวข้อง * แต่ละชื่อกลุ่มภาษาจะถูกอ้างถึงด้วยชื่อเดียวอย่างสม่ำเสมอ เพื่อใช้ในที่มาของคำและที่อื่น ๆ เมื่อมีชื่อที่เป็นไปได้สองชื่อขึ้นไป จะเลือกชื่อใดชื่อหนึ่ง * เพื่อความชัดเจน ควรหลีกเลี่ยงการใช้ชื่อเดียวกันสำหรับทั้งชื่อกลุ่มภาษาและชื่อภาษา หากเป็นไปได้ ตัวอย่างเช่น ชื่อกลุ่มภาษาหนึ่งอาจเรียกว่า ''ญี่ปุ่น'' (Japanese) หรือ ''แจพอนิก'' (Japonic) แต่เนื่องจากมีภาษา ''ญี่ปุ่น'' อยู่แล้ว ''แจพอนิก'' จึงเป็นชื่อที่เหมาะสมกว่าสำหรับชื่อกลุ่มภาษานั้น (อย่างไรก็ตาม บางกรณีก็ไม่สามารถหลีกเลี่ยงการใช้คำพ้องเสียงได้ ตัวอย่างเช่น มีทั้งภาษา ''คิปชาก'' และกลุ่มภาษา ''คิปชาก'') * ชื่อกลุ่มภาษาที่มีหลายชื่อควรระบุไว้ในส่วน ''คำพ้องความ'' หรือ ''รูปแบบอื่น'' ในแต่ละรายการด้วย 28pubi41a2a265uxelwhrjgz9fxbaa4 5753703 5753701 2026-08-02T02:26:30Z OctraBot 3198 /* กลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรม */ 5753703 wikitext text/x-wiki {{policy-TT}} {{shortcut|WT:FAM}} {{hatnote|สำหรับรายชื่อรหัสกลุ่มภาษาทั้งหมด ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:รายชื่อกลุ่มภาษา]]}} {{hatnote|ดูที่ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ภาษา]] และ [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ภาษาถิ่น]] สำหรับการอภิปรายเกี่ยวกับภาษาและภาษาถิ่นตามลำดับ}} วิกิพจนานุกรมจัดเรียงภาษาเป็นกลุ่มต่าง ๆ กลุ่มภาษาส่วนใหญ่มีความสัมพันธ์กันโดยสืบเชื้อสายมาจากบรรพบุรุษร่วมกัน แต่บางกลุ่มเป็นเพียงหมวดหมู่ เช่น "กลุ่มภาษาครีโอล-พิดจิน" วิกิพจนานุกรมจัดระเบียบ [[WT:หมวดหมู่ภาษา|หมวดหมู่ภาษา]] และ [[WT:รากศัพท์|หมวดหมู่ที่มาของคำ]] ตามกลุ่ม แต่ละกลุ่มจะแสดงในวิกิพจนานุกรมด้วยชื่อและรหัส == รหัสกลุ่มภาษา == วิกิพจนานุกรมใช้รหัสในการแสดงกลุ่มภาษา รหัสกลุ่มภาษาจะถูกจัดเก็บไว้ใน [[มอดูล:families]] พร้อมกับข้อมูลที่เกี่ยวข้อง โดยทั่วไปรหัสเหล่านี้จะมีสามตัวอักษร หรือสามตัวอักษรตามด้วยเครื่องหมายขีดกลาง ตามด้วยตัวอักษรอีกสามตัว ในบางกรณีอาจเป็นข้อความอื่น ๆ ได้ รหัสกลุ่มภาษาสามารถนำไปใช้ในแม่แบบรากศัพท์ เช่น {{temp|der}}, {{temp|bor}} และ {{temp|inh}} และใน [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:ศัพท์ที่สืบสร้าง|เนมสเปซการสืบสร้าง]] ได้อย่างเหมาะสม === กลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรม === กลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรมคือกลุ่มของภาษาที่มีบรรพบุรุษร่วมกัน วิกิพจนานุกรมใช้หลักวิชาการที่เป็นที่ยอมรับในการจัดกลุ่มภาษาเป็นหมวดหมู่ทางพันธุกรรม แต่ละกลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรมจะมีรหัสกำหนดไว้ หลายกลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรมมีรหัส {{w|ISO 639-5}} เมื่อมีรหัสดังกล่าว วิกิพจนานุกรมจะใช้รหัสนั้นด้วย ตัวอย่างเช่น: * กลุ่มภาษาออสโตรเอเชียติก ({{code|aav}}) * กลุ่มภาษาเคลติก ({{code|cel}}) * กลุ่มภาษาเจอร์แมนิก ({{code|gem}}) เมื่อกลุ่มภาษาใดไม่มีรหัส ISO 639-5 มาตรฐาน แต่กลุ่มภาษาที่ใกล้เคียงที่สุดมีรหัส วิกิพจนานุกรมจะกำหนดรหัสพิเศษสองส่วนให้ ส่วนแรกคือรหัส ISO 639-5 ของกลุ่มภาษาที่ใกล้เคียงที่สุด และส่วนที่สองคืออักษรตัวเล็กสามตัวซึ่งโดยทั่วไปจะใกล้เคียงกับชื่อของกลุ่มภาษา ตัวอย่างเช่น: * กลุ่มภาษาปามา-ญูงัน ({{code|aus-pam}}) — "{{code|aus}}" คือรหัส ISO 639-5 สำหรับกลุ่มภาษาอะบอริจินออสเตรเลีย "{{code|pam}}" เป็นตัวย่อของ "Pama-Nyungan"; * กลุ่มภาษาบริทอนิก ({{code|cel-bry}}) * กลุ่มภาษาเซาท์เบิร์ดส์เฮด ({{code|ngf-sbh}}) {{shortcut|WT:QFA}} เมื่อทั้งกลุ่มภาษาและกลุ่มภาษาย่อยของกลุ่มนั้นไม่มีรหัส ISO 639-5 จะใช้รหัสพิเศษ "{{code|qfa}}" เป็นส่วนแรก ช่วงรหัส <code>q<var>xx</var></code> ได้รับอนุญาตจาก ISO สำหรับการใช้งานส่วนตัว โดยส่วนหลัง {{code|fa}} หมายถึง "family" ตัวอย่างเช่น: * กลุ่มภาษาเกรตอันดามันนีส ({{code|qfa-adm}}) * กลุ่มภาษาโคเรียน ({{code|qfa-kor}}) === กลุ่มภาษาที่ไม่ใช่ทางพันธุกรรมและภาษาโดดเดี่ยว === ไม่ใช่ทุกกลุ่มภาษาจะเกี่ยวข้องกับพันธุกรรม บางกลุ่มประกอบด้วยภาษาที่มีคุณสมบัติร่วมกันอื่น ๆ หรือภาษาที่พูดในพื้นที่ใดพื้นที่หนึ่ง กลุ่มต่อไปนี้ได้รับการยอมรับ: * {{code|art}} — กลุ่มภาษาประดิษฐ์ คือภาษาที่สร้างขึ้น * {{code|crp}} — กลุ่มภาษาครีโอล-พิดจิน * {{code|sgn}} — กลุ่มภาษามือ * {{code|qfa-mix}} — กลุ่มภาษาผสม * {{code|qfa-iso}} — กลุ่มภาษาโดดเดี่ยว * {{code|qfa-not}} — ใช้กับภาษาที่ไม่จัดอยู่ในกลุ่มภาษาใด ๆ โดยหลักการ เพราะไม่ใช่ภาษาที่แท้จริง "ภาษาร่วม" ({{code|mul}}), "ภาษาไม่ระบุ" ({{code|und}}) และ "ภาษาพื้นถิ่น" ({{code|qfa-sub}}) ไม่ใช่ภาษา และไม่สามารถพิจารณาว่าเป็นสมาชิกของกลุ่มภาษาใด ๆ ได้ ** รหัสนี้ยังใช้สำหรับการจัดกลุ่มของภาษาที่วิกิพจนานุกรมถือว่าเป็นกลุ่มภาษา แต่ไม่ได้มีความเกี่ยวข้องกัน รหัสกลุ่มภาษาพิเศษก่อนหน้านี้ก็ใช้รหัสนี้เช่นกัน == ชื่อกลุ่มภาษา == * ชื่อกลุ่มภาษาทั้งหมดควรได้รับการนิยามเป็นคำภาษาไทยในรายการวิกิพจนานุกรมที่เกี่ยวข้อง * แต่ละชื่อกลุ่มภาษาจะถูกอ้างถึงด้วยชื่อเดียวอย่างสม่ำเสมอ เพื่อใช้ในที่มาของคำและที่อื่น ๆ เมื่อมีชื่อที่เป็นไปได้สองชื่อขึ้นไป จะเลือกชื่อใดชื่อหนึ่ง * เพื่อความชัดเจน ควรหลีกเลี่ยงการใช้ชื่อเดียวกันสำหรับทั้งชื่อกลุ่มภาษาและชื่อภาษา หากเป็นไปได้ ตัวอย่างเช่น ชื่อกลุ่มภาษาหนึ่งอาจเรียกว่า ''ญี่ปุ่น'' (Japanese) หรือ ''แจพอนิก'' (Japonic) แต่เนื่องจากมีภาษา ''ญี่ปุ่น'' อยู่แล้ว ''แจพอนิก'' จึงเป็นชื่อที่เหมาะสมกว่าสำหรับชื่อกลุ่มภาษานั้น (อย่างไรก็ตาม บางกรณีก็ไม่สามารถหลีกเลี่ยงการใช้คำพ้องเสียงได้ ตัวอย่างเช่น มีทั้งภาษา ''คิปชาก'' และกลุ่มภาษา ''คิปชาก'') * ชื่อกลุ่มภาษาที่มีหลายชื่อควรระบุไว้ในส่วน ''คำพ้องความ'' หรือ ''รูปแบบอื่น'' ในแต่ละรายการด้วย 7b1lrao0897wh0p0cvfqfht9gh8jthh วิกิพจนานุกรม:FAM 4 2356222 5753704 2026-08-02T02:26:55Z OctraBot 3198 เปลี่ยนทางหน้าไปยัง [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:กลุ่มภาษา]] 5753704 wikitext text/x-wiki #เปลี่ยนทาง [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:กลุ่มภาษา]] 7cikoxbtzyrmnvaue1qgbk92oet1csp วิกิพจนานุกรม:QFA 4 2356223 5753705 2026-08-02T02:27:33Z OctraBot 3198 เปลี่ยนทางหน้าไปยัง [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:กลุ่มภาษา#กลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรม]] 5753705 wikitext text/x-wiki #เปลี่ยนทาง [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:กลุ่มภาษา#กลุ่มภาษาทางพันธุกรรม]] smjzvzef3u51aebvyd42i19i5hg6p25 วิกิพจนานุกรม:Language families 4 2356224 5753706 2026-08-02T02:27:51Z OctraBot 3198 เปลี่ยนทางหน้าไปยัง [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:กลุ่มภาษา]] 5753706 wikitext text/x-wiki #เปลี่ยนทาง [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:กลุ่มภาษา]] 7cikoxbtzyrmnvaue1qgbk92oet1csp วิกิพจนานุกรม:Families 4 2356225 5753707 2026-08-02T02:28:11Z OctraBot 3198 เปลี่ยนทางหน้าไปยัง [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:กลุ่มภาษา]] 5753707 wikitext text/x-wiki #เปลี่ยนทาง [[วิกิพจนานุกรม:กลุ่มภาษา]] 7cikoxbtzyrmnvaue1qgbk92oet1csp ᩉ᩶ᩣ᩠ᨦ 0 2356226 5753717 2026-08-02T03:07:47Z Alifshinobi 397 สร้างหน้าด้วย "== ภาษาคำเมือง == === รูปแบบอื่น === {{nod-alt|~=ห้าง}} === การออกเสียง === * {{IPA|nod|/haːŋ˦˦ʔ/|a=เชียงใหม่}} === รากศัพท์ 1 === ==== คำนาม ==== {{nod-noun}} # [[เพิง]][[ชั่วคราว]][[ที่]][[ทำ]][[ขึ้น]][[เพื่อ]][[ดูแล]][[เหตุการณ์]] # [[ที่]]..." 5753717 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาคำเมือง == === รูปแบบอื่น === {{nod-alt|~=ห้าง}} === การออกเสียง === * {{IPA|nod|/haːŋ˦˦ʔ/|a=เชียงใหม่}} === รากศัพท์ 1 === ==== คำนาม ==== {{nod-noun}} # [[เพิง]][[ชั่วคราว]][[ที่]][[ทำ]][[ขึ้น]][[เพื่อ]][[ดูแล]][[เหตุการณ์]] # [[ที่]][[พัก]][[เพื่อ]][[คอย]][[ยิง]][[สัตว์]] === รากศัพท์ 2 === ==== คำกริยา ==== {{nod-verb}} # {{lb|nod|สกรรม}} [[ตกแต่ง]], [[ประดับประดา]][[ให้]][[เข้าที่]] # {{lb|nod|สกรรม}} [[จัด]][[เตรียม]] === อ้างอิง === {{รายการอ้างอิง}} * ''พจนานุกรมภาษาล้านนา = The Lanna dictionary'' (พิมพ์ครั้งที่ 2). (พ.ศ. 2550). เชียงใหม่: สถาบันภาษา ศิลปะและวัฒนธรรม มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏเชียงใหม่. bnttwkxrqe7cd9lou1c4k957nn5g6tq Atem 0 2356227 5753720 2026-08-02T04:55:46Z ZilentFyld 6541 สร้างหน้าด้วย "== ภาษาเยอรมัน == === รูปแบบอื่น === * {{alter|de|Athem||obsolete}} === รากศัพท์ === จาก{{inh|de|gmh|ātem}}, จาก{{inh|de|goh|ātum}}, จาก{{inh|de|gmw-pro|*āþm|*ādm}}, {{m|gmw-pro|*āþm}}, จาก{{inh|de|gem-pro|*ēþmaz}}, จาก{{der|de|ine-pro|*h₁eh₁tmén-}}; ร่วมเชื้อสายกับ{{cog|nl|adem}} and {{cog|ang|ǣþm}}. {{doublet|de|O..." 5753720 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาเยอรมัน == === รูปแบบอื่น === * {{alter|de|Athem||obsolete}} === รากศัพท์ === จาก{{inh|de|gmh|ātem}}, จาก{{inh|de|goh|ātum}}, จาก{{inh|de|gmw-pro|*āþm|*ādm}}, {{m|gmw-pro|*āþm}}, จาก{{inh|de|gem-pro|*ēþmaz}}, จาก{{der|de|ine-pro|*h₁eh₁tmén-}}; ร่วมเชื้อสายกับ{{cog|nl|adem}} and {{cog|ang|ǣþm}}. {{doublet|de|Odem}}. === การออกเสียง === * {{IPA|de|/ˈaːtəm/}} * {{audio|de|De-Atem.ogg|a=<<Germany>> (<<Berlin>>)}} === คำนาม === {{de-noun|m.sg}} # [[ลม]][[หายใจ]] ==== การผันรูป ==== {{de-ndecl|m.sg}} ==== ลูกคำ ==== * {{l|de|atemlos}} * {{l|de|atemberaubend}} * {{l|de|atmen}} * {{l|de|außer Atem}} * {{l|de|mit angehaltenem Atem}} ==== คำเกี่ยวข้อง ==== * {{l|de|Odem}} === อ่านเพิ่ม === * {{R:de:Duden}} * {{R:de:DWDS}} 40dh8k8yit4gtghrp1vdvl9hjtzbr6l Signal 0 2356228 5753721 2026-08-02T04:56:55Z ZilentFyld 6541 สร้างหน้าด้วย "== ภาษาเยอรมัน == {{wp|de:}} === รากศัพท์ === {{ety|de|:bor|fr:signal}} {{bor+|de|fr|signal}}. === การออกเสียง === * {{IPA|de|/zɪˈɡnaːl/|/zɪkˈnaːl/}} * {{audio|de|De-Signal.ogg|a=<<Germany>> (<<Berlin>>)}} * {{rhymes|de|aːl|s=2}} === คำนาม === {{de-noun|n,(e)s}} # [[สัญญาณ]] ==== การผันรูป ==== {{de-ndecl|n,(e)s}} ==== คำเกี่..." 5753721 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาเยอรมัน == {{wp|de:}} === รากศัพท์ === {{ety|de|:bor|fr:signal}} {{bor+|de|fr|signal}}. === การออกเสียง === * {{IPA|de|/zɪˈɡnaːl/|/zɪkˈnaːl/}} * {{audio|de|De-Signal.ogg|a=<<Germany>> (<<Berlin>>)}} * {{rhymes|de|aːl|s=2}} === คำนาม === {{de-noun|n,(e)s}} # [[สัญญาณ]] ==== การผันรูป ==== {{de-ndecl|n,(e)s}} ==== คำเกี่ยวข้อง ==== {{col|de|signalisieren}} === อ่านเพิ่ม === * {{R:de:DWDS}} * {{R:de:UniLeipzig}} * {{R:de:Duden}} l1pprl3r5fsix8qw5cf0rm06fxewn0a Staub 0 2356229 5753722 2026-08-02T04:59:24Z ZilentFyld 6541 สร้างหน้าด้วย "== ภาษาเยอรมัน == === รากศัพท์ === จาก{{inh|de|gmh|stoup}}, {{m|gmh|stoub}} จาก{{inh|de|goh|stoub}}, จาก{{inh|de|gmw-pro|*staub}}, จาก{{inh|de|gem-pro|*staubaz}}, เกี่ยวข้องกับ {{m|gem-pro|*steubaną|t=ควัน, บินไป}} (เปรียบเทียบกับ {{m|de|Gestüpp}}). เกี่ยวข้องกับ {{m|de|stieben}}. ร่..." 5753722 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาเยอรมัน == === รากศัพท์ === จาก{{inh|de|gmh|stoup}}, {{m|gmh|stoub}} จาก{{inh|de|goh|stoub}}, จาก{{inh|de|gmw-pro|*staub}}, จาก{{inh|de|gem-pro|*staubaz}}, เกี่ยวข้องกับ {{m|gem-pro|*steubaną|t=ควัน, บินไป}} (เปรียบเทียบกับ {{m|de|Gestüpp}}). เกี่ยวข้องกับ {{m|de|stieben}}. ร่วมเชื้อสายกับ{{cog|da|støv}}, {{cog|nb|støv}}, {{cog|nn|støv}}, {{cog|got|𐍃𐍄𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌿𐍃}}. === การออกเสียง === * {{IPA|de|/ʃtaʊ̯p/}} * {{audio|de|De-Staub.ogg|a=<<Germany>> (<<Berlin>>)}} * {{rhymes|de|aʊ̯p|s=1}} * {{hyphenation|de|Staub}} === คำนาม === {{de-noun|m,(e)s,^e:e|dim=^chen,^lein}} # [[ฝุ่น]] #: {{hyper|de|Pulver|Schmutz}} #: {{hypo|de|Blütenstaub|Eisenstaub|Feinstaub|Grobstaub|Hausstaub|Mehlstaub|Rasierstaub}} ==== การผันรูป ==== {{de-ndecl|m,(e)s,^e:e}} ==== ลูกคำ ==== {{col3|de|title=คำคุณศัพท์ |staubabweisend |staubbedeckt |staubfein |staubfrei |staubig |staubtrocken }} {{col3|de|title=คำนาม |Sternenstaub |Hausstaub |Hausstaubmilbe |Staubbesen |Staubbeutel |Staubblatt |Staubexplosion |Staubfaden |Staubfänger |Staubfilter |Staubgefäß |Staubkamm |Staubkorn |Staublappen |Staublawine |Staublunge |Staubmantel |Staubpartikel |Staubsaugen |Staubsauger |Staubschicht |Staubteilchen |Staubtuch |Staubwedel |Staubwolke |Staubzucker }} {{col3|de|title=กริยา |abstauben |stauben |stäuben |staubsaugen |verstauben }} {{col3|de|title=วลี |in den Staub treten |sich aus dem Staub machen |Staub aufwirbeln }} === อ่านเพิ่ม === * {{R:de:DWDS}} * {{R:de:UniLeipzig}} * {{R:de:Duden}} * {{pedia|lang=de}} oq1994bcpq3dbu22xg5vyt5p5timpbk klingen 0 2356230 5753723 2026-08-02T05:12:20Z ZilentFyld 6541 สร้างหน้าด้วย "== ภาษาเยอรมัน == === รากศัพท์ === จาก{{inh|de|gmh|klingen}}, {{inh|de|goh|klingan}}, จาก{{inh|de|gmw-pro|*klingan}}, จาก{{inh|de|gem-pro|*klinganą}}. ดูเพิ่มที่ {{m|en|clink}}. === การออกเสียง === * {{IPA|de|/ˈklɪŋən/}} * {{rhymes|de|ɪŋn̩|s=2}} * {{audio|de|De-klingen.ogg|a=<<Germany>> (<<Berlin>>)}} === คำกริยา === {{de-verb|k..." 5753723 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาเยอรมัน == === รากศัพท์ === จาก{{inh|de|gmh|klingen}}, {{inh|de|goh|klingan}}, จาก{{inh|de|gmw-pro|*klingan}}, จาก{{inh|de|gem-pro|*klinganą}}. ดูเพิ่มที่ {{m|en|clink}}. === การออกเสียง === * {{IPA|de|/ˈklɪŋən/}} * {{rhymes|de|ɪŋn̩|s=2}} * {{audio|de|De-klingen.ogg|a=<<Germany>> (<<Berlin>>)}} === คำกริยา === {{de-verb|klingen<klang,geklungen,klänge>}} # {{lb|de|intransitive}} [[ดัง]][[กังวาน]], ส่งเสียงแบบ[[กระดิ่ง]] # {{lb|de|copulative|intransitive|also|figuratively}} ทำ[[เสียง]] #: {{syn|de|anhören|tönen|q2=สวิตเซอร์แลนด์}} #: {{uxi|de|Alle Glocken '''klingen''' unterschiedlich.|ระฆังทุกใบ'''ส่งเสียง'''แตกต่างกัน}} #: {{uxi|de|Das '''klingt''' nach einer guten Idee.|นั่นฟังดูเป็นความคิดที่ดี|lit=สิ่งนั้น'''ส่งเสียง'''ตามความคิดที่ดี}} ==== การผันรูป ==== {{de-conj|klingen<klang,geklungen,klänge>}} ==== คำที่เกี่ยวข้อง ==== {{col4|de|title=คำกริยา |abklingen |abklingen |aufklingen |ausklingen |durchklingen |erklingen |herausklingen |klingeln |missklingen |mitklingen |nachklingen |verklingen |widerklingen |zusammenklingen }} {{col4|de|title=คำนาม |Klang |Klingen |Klinger }} === อ่านเพิ่ม === * {{R:de:DWDS}} * {{R:de:Grimm}} * {{R:de:UniLeipzig}} * {{R:de:Duden}} * {{R:de:OpenThesaurus}} 09w9gnir6ycd5ru8yj6bzifn2mh6boj ᩉ᩠ᨿ᩶ᩣ᩠ᨾ 0 2356231 5753724 2026-08-02T05:59:07Z Alifshinobi 397 สร้างหน้าด้วย "== ภาษาคำเมือง == === รูปแบบอื่น === {{nod-alt|l=หย้าม|s=หญ้าม}} === การออกเสียง === * {{IPA|nod|/ɲaːm˦˦ʔ/|a=เชียงใหม่}} === คำกริยา === {{nod-verb}} # {{lb|nod|อกรรม}} [[ย่าม]][[ใจ]], [[ย่าม]] {{gl|เหิม}} # {{lb|nod|อกรรม}} [[คุ้น]] # {{lb|nod|อกรรม}} ติ..." 5753724 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาคำเมือง == === รูปแบบอื่น === {{nod-alt|l=หย้าม|s=หญ้าม}} === การออกเสียง === * {{IPA|nod|/ɲaːm˦˦ʔ/|a=เชียงใหม่}} === คำกริยา === {{nod-verb}} # {{lb|nod|อกรรม}} [[ย่าม]][[ใจ]], [[ย่าม]] {{gl|เหิม}} # {{lb|nod|อกรรม}} [[คุ้น]] # {{lb|nod|อกรรม}} [[ติดใจ]] # {{lb|nod|อกรรม}} [[ต้องการ]][[ดัง]][[เดิม]][[อีก]] === อ้างอิง === {{รายการอ้างอิง}} * ''พจนานุกรมภาษาล้านนา = The Lanna dictionary'' (พิมพ์ครั้งที่ 2). (พ.ศ. 2550). เชียงใหม่: สถาบันภาษา ศิลปะและวัฒนธรรม มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏเชียงใหม่. m1vb94p424jmnl54yabcqyn3hrbhbzq tervetuloa 0 2356232 5753732 2026-08-02T08:55:58Z Ponpan 693 เก็บกวาด 5753732 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาฟินแลนด์ == === รูปแบบอื่น === * {{alter|fi|terve tuloa||archaic}} === รากศัพท์ === {{compound|fi|terve|tulo|alt2=tuloa|t1=มีสุขภาพดี|t2=การมา|infl2=par}} === การออกเสียง === {{fi-pronunciation|terve*-tuloa}} === คำอุทาน === {{head|fi|คำอุทาน}} # [[ยินดีต้อนรับ]] {{gloss|คำทักทายเมื่อมีคนมาถึง}}; [[ดีใจ]]ที่ได้[[พบ]]คุณ, [[ดี]]จังที่คุณ[[มา]][[ได้]] # {{n-g|วิธีบอกเชิญชวนแบบสุภาพ}}; หากคุณมาพวกเรายินดีต้อนรับ, {{q|หากนัดหมายไว้แล้ว}} [[ตั้งหน้าตั้งตา]][[รอ]]ที่จะได้พบคุณ #: {{coi|fi|'''tervetuloa''' uudelleen!|ไว้มาใหม่นะ!}} ==== ลูกคำ ==== {{col|fi|title=คำประสม |tervetulojuhla<t:งานเลี้ยงต้อนรับ> |tervetulomalja<t:เครื่องดื่มต้อนรับ> |tervetulopuhe<t:สุนทรพจน์ต้อนรับ> |tervetuloseremonia<t:พิธีต้อนรับ> |tervetulotoivotus<t:คำกล่าวต้อนรับ> }} === ดูเพิ่ม === * {{l|fi|terve}} * {{l|fi|tervemenoa}} === อ่านเพิ่ม === * {{R:fi:KTSK|accessdate=2023-07-03}} o5htxdc53d7b6z6raelpoqwxpixnvwr