Wiktionary thwiktionary https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81 MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.24 case-sensitive สื่อ พิเศษ พูดคุย ผู้ใช้ คุยกับผู้ใช้ วิกิพจนานุกรม คุยเรื่องวิกิพจนานุกรม ไฟล์ คุยเรื่องไฟล์ มีเดียวิกิ คุยเรื่องมีเดียวิกิ แม่แบบ คุยเรื่องแม่แบบ วิธีใช้ คุยเรื่องวิธีใช้ หมวดหมู่ คุยเรื่องหมวดหมู่ ภาคผนวก คุยเรื่องภาคผนวก ดัชนี คุยเรื่องดัชนี สัมผัส คุยเรื่องสัมผัส อรรถาภิธาน คุยเรื่องอรรถาภิธาน TimedText TimedText talk มอดูล คุยเรื่องมอดูล Event Event talk 0 3971 5775756 5631551 2026-10-21T05:00:01Z GinGlaep 7155 /* ภาษาไทย */ 5775756 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาไทย == {{wp}} [[File:Cloudy ice cubes.jpg|thumb|น้ำแข็งก้อน]] === รากศัพท์ === {{com+|th|น้ำ|แข็ง}} {{ศบญ|ice|q1=ภูมิศาสตร์}} === การออกเสียง === {{th-pron|น้ำ-แข็ง}} === คำนาม === {{th-noun}} # [[น้ำ]][[ที่]][[ถูก]][[ความ]][[เย็น]][[จัด]][[จน]][[แข็ง]][[ตัว]][[เป็น]][[ก้อน]], น้ำ[[ใน]][[สถานะ]][[ของแข็ง]] # {{lb|th|ปาก|สแลง}} {{synonym of|th|ไอซ์||ยาเสพติดชนิดหนึ่ง}} ==== ลูกคำ ==== {{col|th|น้ำแข็งกด|น้ำแข็งเปล่า|น้ำแข็งไส|น้ำแข็งแห้ง|ภูเขาน้ำแข็ง|สเกตน้ำแข็ง|ธารน้ำแข็ง|พืดน้ำแข็ง|น้ำแข็งหลอด|สมัยน้ำแข็ง|ยุคน้ำแข็ง|กระติกน้ำแข็ง}} ==== คำแปลภาษาอื่น ==== {{trans-top|น้ำในสถานะของแข็ง}} * กรีนแลนด์: {{t|kl|sermeq}}, {{t|kl|siku}} * เกาหลี: {{t+|ko|얼음}} * แกลิกแบบสกอตแลนด์: {{t|gd|eigh|f}}, {{t|gd|deigh|f}} * เขมร: {{t+|km|ទឹកកក}} * จ้วง: {{t|za|naehang}}, {{t|za|bing}} * จีน: *: กวางตุ้ง: {{t|yue|冰}} *: ดุงกาน: {{t|dng|бин}} *: หมิ่นตะวันออก: {{t|cdo|冰}} *: กั้น: {{t|gan|冰}} *: แคะ: {{t|hak|冰|tr=pên}} *: ฮกเกี้ยน: {{t+|nan-hbl|冰|tr=peng}} *: จิ้น: {{t|cjy|冰}} *: จีนกลาง: {{t+|cmn|冰}} *: หมิ่นเหนือ: {{t|mnp|冰|tr=báing / béng}} *: อู๋: {{t|wuu|冰|tr=1pin}} *: เซียง: {{t|hsn|冰}} * เช็ก: {{t+|cs|led|m}} * ซุนดา: {{t|su|ᮆᮞ᮪}} * ซูลู: {{t|zu|iqhwa|c5}} * เซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย: *: อักษรซีริลลิก: {{t|sh|ле̑д|m}} *: อักษรละติน: {{t+|sh|lȇd|m}} * โซมาลี: {{t+|so|baraf|m}} * ญี่ปุ่น: {{t+|ja|氷|tr=こおり, kōri}}, {{t+|ja|アイス|tr=aisu}} * ดัตช์: {{t+|nl|ijs|n}} * เดนมาร์ก: {{t+|da|is|c}} * ตากาล็อก: {{t+|tl|yelo}} * ทิเบต: {{t|bo|འཁྱགས་པ}} * ไทลื้อ: {{t|khb|ᦓᧄᧉᦶᦂᧃᧈ}}, {{t|khb|ᦉᦏᦱᧇᦡᦱᧂᧉ}} * นอร์เวย์: *: นอร์เวย์แบบบุ๊กมอล: {{t+|nb|is|m}} *: นอร์เวย์แบบนือนอสก์: {{t|nn|is|m}} * เนปาล: {{t|ne|बरफ}} * บัลแกเรีย: {{t+|bg|лед|m}} * บีโคล: *: บีโคลตอนกลาง: {{t|bcl|yelo}} * เบงกอล: {{t+|bn|বরফ}} * เบลารุส: {{t|be|лёд|m}} * เปอร์เซีย: *: เปอร์เซียแบบอิหร่าน: {{t|fa-ira|یَخ}}, {{t|fa-ira|هَسَر}}, {{t|fa-ira|هَسیر}}, {{t|fa-ira|جَلید}} * โปรตุเกส: {{t+|pt|gelo|m}} * โปแลนด์: {{t+|pl|lód|m}} * ฝรั่งเศส: {{t+|fr|glace|f}} * พม่า: {{t+|my|ရေခဲ}} * ฟินแลนด์: {{t+|fi|jää}} * โภชปุระ: {{t|bho|बरफ|m}} * มราฐี: {{t|mr|बर्फ|m}} * มอญ: {{t|mnw|ဍာ်ကၠောံ}}, {{t|mnw|ဍာ်ခြက်}} * มัสบาเต: {{t|msb|yelo}} * มาเลเซีย: {{t+|ms|air batu}}, {{t+|ms|ais}} {{q|มาเลเซีย|สิงคโปร์|บรูไน}}, {{t+|ms|es}} {{q|รีเยา|สุมาตรา}} * ยูเครน: {{t+|uk|лід|m}}, {{t+|uk|кри́га|f}} * เยอรมัน: {{t+|de|Eis|n}} * รัสเซีย: {{t+|ru|лёд|m}} * โรมาเนีย: {{t+|ro|gheață|f}} * ละติน: {{t+|la|glaciēs|f}} * ลาว: {{t|lo|ນ້ຳກ້ອນ}} * วาไร: {{t|war|yelo}} * เวลส์: {{t+|cy|iâ|m}}, {{t+|cy|rhew|m}} * สกอต: {{t|sco|ice}} * สเปน: {{t+|es|hielo|m}} * สโลวัก: {{t+|sk|ľad|m}} * สโลวีเนีย: {{t+|sl|lẹ̑d|m}} * สวีเดน: {{t+|sv|is|c}} * สิงหล: {{t|si|අයිස්}} * อังกฤษ: {{t+|en|ice|tr=ไอซ์}} * อัมฮารา: {{t|am|በረዶ|m}} * อินโดนีเซีย: {{t+|id|es}}, {{t+|id|air beku}} * อิตาลี: {{t+|it|ghiaccio|m}} * อินุกติตุต: {{t|iu|ᓯᑯ}} * อีโด: {{t+|io|glacio}} * เอสโตเนีย: {{t+|et|jää}} * เอสเปรันโต: {{t+|eo|glacio}} * โอริยา: {{t+|or|ବରଫ}} * ไอซ์แลนด์: {{t+|is|ís|m}} * ไอริช: {{t+|ga|oighear|m}} * ฮังการี: {{t+|hu|jég}} * ฮินดี: {{t+|hi|हिम|m}}, {{t+|hi|बर्फ़|f}} {{trans-bottom}} {{topics|th|น้ำ|สิ่งเสพติด}} nbsx0t9f7mm6g209dvyxwkrxdhqax6l 0 9043 5775741 5448868 2026-10-20T20:43:10Z ~2026-56397-25 19730 ย้อนรุ่นแก้ไข [[Special:Diff/5448868|5448868]] ของ [[Special:Contributions/Octahedron80|Octahedron80]] ([[User talk:Octahedron80|คุย]]) 5775741 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="wikitable" |+ ! ! ! ! |- | | | | |- | | | | |- | | | | |} == ภาษาไทย == === รากศัพท์ === {{com|th|กิจ|กรรม}} === การออกเสียง === {{th-pron|กิด-จะ-กำ|note=redup}} === คำนาม === {{th-noun}} # [[การ]][[ที่]][[ผู้]][[เรียน]][[ปฏิบัติการ]][[อย่างใดอย่างหนึ่ง]][[เพื่อ]][[การเรียนรู้]] # [[กิจการ]], [[สิ่ง]][[ที่]][[บุคคล]][[หรือ]][[กลุ่ม]][[คน]][[ทำ]] ==== คำแปลภาษาอื่น ==== {{trans-top|สิ่งที่บุคคลหรือกลุ่มคนทำ}} * จีน: *: จีนกลาง: {{t+|cmn|活動}} * ลาว: {{t+|lo|ກິດຈະກຳ}} * อังกฤษ: {{t+|en|activity|tr=แอ็กทิวะที}} {{trans-bottom}} {{topics|th|การศึกษา}} j6csbghhu4xfgm40objyb6sdcvhqozz 5775753 5775741 2026-10-21T04:53:53Z Octahedron80 267 ย้อนแก้ไขเล่น 5775753 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาไทย == === รากศัพท์ === {{com|th|กิจ|กรรม}} === การออกเสียง === {{th-pron|กิด-จะ-กำ|note=redup}} === คำนาม === {{th-noun}} # [[การ]][[ที่]][[ผู้]][[เรียน]][[ปฏิบัติการ]][[อย่างใดอย่างหนึ่ง]][[เพื่อ]][[การเรียนรู้]] # [[กิจการ]], [[สิ่ง]][[ที่]][[บุคคล]][[หรือ]][[กลุ่ม]][[คน]][[ทำ]] ==== คำแปลภาษาอื่น ==== {{trans-top|สิ่งที่บุคคลหรือกลุ่มคนทำ}} * จีน: *: จีนกลาง: {{t+|cmn|活動}} * ลาว: {{t+|lo|ກິດຈະກຳ}} * อังกฤษ: {{t+|en|activity|tr=แอ็กทิวะที}} {{trans-bottom}} {{topics|th|การศึกษา}} s0mnn86yn4q57iyhs9vp8x941m5sd16 0 17687 5775732 5721864 2026-10-20T12:28:17Z Ai Ku Karng 17824 /* ภาษาไทย */ 5775732 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาไทย == === รูปแบบอื่น === * {{alt|th|ไหญ่|ไหย่||เลิกใช้}} === รากศัพท์ === {{inh+|th|th-ayu|*jajᴮ¹}} (Pittayaporn, 2016), จาก{{inh|th|tai-swe-pro|*ʰɲaɰᴮ¹}}; ร่วมเชื้อสายกับ{{cog|nod|ᩉ᩠ᨿᩱ᩵,ᩉ᩠ᨿᩲ᩵}}, {{cog|lo|ໃຫຍ່}}, {{cog|khb|ᦺᦊᧈ}}, {{cog|blt|ꪻꪐ꪿}}, {{cog|shn|ယႂ်ႇ}}, {{cog|tdd|ᥕᥬᥱ}}, {{cog|phk|ယၞ်}}, {{cog|aho|𑜐𑜧}}, {{m|aho|𑜊𑜨𑜧}} หรือ {{m|aho|𑜊𑜧𑜤}} === การออกเสียง === {{th-pron|ไหฺย่}} === คำคุณศัพท์ === {{th-adj}} # [[โต]], มีขนาดไม่เล็ก # คนโต # [[ขนาด]]โตกว่า หรือ[[สำคัญ]]กว่าเมื่อเปรียบเทียบกัน === คำกริยาวิเศษณ์ === {{th-adv}} # [[รุนแรง]]มาก, [[อุตลุต]] #: ''คน[[ทะเลาะ]]กัน'''ใหญ่'''อยู่ที่หน้าปากซอย'' ==== คำตรงกันข้าม ==== * [[เล็ก]], [[น้อย]] ==== คำพ้องความ ==== {{top2}} * [[ขุน]] * [[เขื่อง]] * โต * [[เบ้อเริ่ม]] * [[เป้ง]] * [[โป้ง]] * [[ถวัลย์]] * [[พิบูล]] * [[พุฒ]] * [[ไพศาล]] * [[มหันต์]] * [[มหา]] * [[มหิมา]] * [[มหึมา]] * [[มโหฬาร]] * [[อุรุ]] {{bottom}} ==== คำเกี่ยวข้อง ==== {{top2}} * [[ขนาดใหญ่]] * [[ขนานใหญ่]] * [[ถนนใหญ่]] * [[แผ่นดินใหญ่]] * [[ยิ่งใหญ่]] * [[ใหญ่โต]], [[ใหญ่โตมโหฬาร]] * [[หนังใหญ่]] * [[หอมหัวใหญ่]], [[หอมใหญ่]] {{bottom}} == ภาษาคำเมือง == === คำคุณศัพท์ === {{nod-adj}} # {{alternative form of|nod|ᩉ᩠ᨿᩱ᩵}} == ภาษาอีสาน == === การออกเสียง === * {{IPA|tts|/ɲaj˨˨/|a=ขอนแก่น}} * {{คำอ่านไทย|ไหฺญ่~ไญ^{ต่ำ-ระดับ}}} (ประมาณ) === คำคุณศัพท์ === {{tts-adj}} # [[ใหญ่#ภาษาไทย|ใหญ่]], [[โต]], [[กว้างขวาง]] #: {{ux|tts|ลูกผู้'''ใหญ่'''|ลูกคน'''โต'''}} === อ้างอิง === {{รายการอ้างอิง}} * พิณทอง, ป. ''"ใหญ่" ภาษาอีสาน''. อีสานร้อยแปด. https://esan108.com/dict/view/ใหญ่ c2uaupxty052g2o283dxadjzdqk73ec 0 18768 5775737 1425740 2026-10-20T15:28:56Z Flummont 14330 5775737 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาคำเมือง == === คำนาม === {{nod-noun}} # [[กฎ]], [[ระเบียบ]] ceh4cg0jr9j6p6a40d9t1o1vgmz18t3 0 20116 5775740 5448849 2026-10-20T16:18:07Z GinGlaep 7155 /* ภาษาไทย */ 5775740 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also/auto}} == ภาษาไทย == {{wp}} [[File:Billie Holiday, Downbeat, New York, N.Y., ca. Feb. 1947 (William P. Gottlieb 04251).jpg|thumb|บิลลี ฮอลิเดย์ นักร้องและนักแต่งเพลงแจ๊สชาวอเมริกัน ในนครนิวยอร์กในปี ค.ศ. 1947]] === รากศัพท์ === {{bor+|th|km|ភ្លេង}} === การออกเสียง === {{th-pron|เพฺลง}} === คำนาม === {{th-noun}} # [[สำเนียง]][[ขับร้อง]] # [[ทำนอง]][[ดนตรี]] # [[กระบวน]][[วิธี]][[รำ]][[ดาบ]]รำ[[ทวน]][[เป็นต้น]] # [[ชื่อ]][[การ]][[ร้อง]][[แก้]][[กัน]] [[มี]]ชื่อ[[ต่าง ๆ]] #: {{ux|th|เพลงปรบไก่}} #: {{ux|th|เพลงฉ่อย}} # {{lb|th|โดยปริยาย}} [[แบบอย่าง]] #: {{ux|th|ต่างกันไปคนละเพลง}} (พระราชหัตถเลขา ร. 5 ถึงสมเด็จพระมหาสมณเจ้า กรมพระยาวชิรญาณวโรรส) # {{lb|th|โดยปริยาย}} [[ชั้นเชิง]] #: {{ux|th|ร้อยภาษามาสู่เคยรู้เพลง}} (อภัย) ==== คำแปลภาษาอื่น ==== {{trans-top|สำเนียงขับร้อง}} * กรีก: {{t+|el|τραγούδι|n}} * กาตาลา: {{t+|ca|cançó|f}} * เกาหลี: {{t+|ko|노래}}, {{t+|ko|가요(歌謠)}}, {{t+|ko|가곡(歌曲)}} * เขมร: {{t+|km|ចម្រៀង}}, {{t|km|ចំរៀង}} * เขมรเหนือ: {{t|kxm|พลฺีญ}} * คอร์นวอลล์: {{t|kw|kan|f}} * คูนิงามิ: {{t|xug|歌|tr=ふた゚ー, futā}} * คำเมือง: {{t+|nod|ᨻᩖᩮᨦ}} * จีน: *: กวางตุ้ง: {{t|yue|歌}} *: ดุงกาน: {{t|dng|гәр}} *: หมิ่นตะวันออก: {{t|cdo|歌|tr=gŏ}} *: แคะ: {{t|hak|歌|tr=kô}} *: ฮกเกี้ยน: {{t+|nan-hbl|歌|tr=koa, ko, ko͘}} *: จีนกลาง: {{t+|cmn|歌曲}}, {{t+|cmn|歌}}, {{t+|cmn|唱兒}}, {{t+|cmn|歌兒}} *: อู๋: {{t|wuu|歌}} * เช็ก: {{t+|cs|píseň|f}}, {{t+|cs|písnička|f}} * เชจู: {{t|jje|놀레}}, {{t|jje|소리}} * ซัสซารี: {{t|sdc|cantzoni|f}} * ซุนดา: {{t+|su|ᮊᮝᮤᮂ}}, {{t+|su|ᮒᮨᮙ᮪ᮘᮀ}} * เซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย: *: ซีริลลิก: {{t|sh|пе̏сма|f}}, {{t|sh|пе̏смица|f}}, {{t|sh|пје̏сма|f}}, {{t|sh|пје̏смица|f}} *: ละติน: {{t+|sh|pȅsma|f}}, {{t+|sh|pȅsmica|f}}, {{t+|sh|pjȅsma|f}}, {{t+|sh|pjȅsmica|f}} * ญี่ปุ่น: {{t+|ja|歌|tr=うた, uta}}, {{t+|ja|歌曲|tr=かきょく, kakyoku}} * ดัตช์: {{t+|nl|lied|n|tr=ลีด}} * เดนมาร์ก: {{t+|da|sang|c}}, {{t+|da|vise|c}} * ตากาล็อก: {{t+|tl|kanta}}, {{t+|tl|awit}} * ตุรกี: {{t+|tr|şarkı}}, {{t+|tr|türkü}} * ไทดำ: {{t+|blt|ꪫꪱꪥ}}, {{t+|blt|ꪫꪱꪥꪄꪚꪾ}}, {{t|blt|ꪁꪫꪱꪣꪄꪚꪾ}} * ไทใหญ่: {{t+|shn|ၵႂၢမ်း}} * ทิเบต: {{t|bo|གཞས}}, {{t|bo|གླུ}}, {{t|bo|གླུ་དབྱངས}} * นอร์เวย์: *: นอร์เวย์แบบบุ๊กมอล: {{t+|nb|sang|m}} *: นอร์เวย์แบบนือนอสก์: {{t|nn|song|m}} * บัลแกเรีย: {{t+|bg|пе́сен|f}} * บาลี: {{t|pi|คีต|n}} * บาสก์: {{t+|eu|abesti}} * เบงกอล: {{t+|bn|গান}} * เบรอตง: {{t+|br|kanaouenn|f}} * เบลารุส: {{t|be|пе́сня|f}}, {{t|be|пе́сьня|f}}, {{t|be|пе́сенька|f}} * โปรตุเกส: {{t+|pt|música|f|tr=มูซีกา}}, {{t+|pt|canção|f|tr=กังเซาง์}} * โปแลนด์: {{t+|pl|piosenka|f}}, {{t+|pl|pieśń|f}} * ฝรั่งเศส: {{t+|fr|chanson|f|tr=ชานซอง}} * พม่า: {{t+|my|သီချင်း}}, {{t+|my|တေး}} * ฟรีเชียตะวันตก: {{t+|fy|liet|n}} * ฟินแลนด์: {{t+|fi|laulu}} * มองโกเลีย: *: ซีริลลิก: {{t+|mn|дуу}} *: มองโกเลีย: {{t|mn|ᠳᠠᠭᠤ}} * มอลตา: {{t|mt|għanja|f}} * มาเลเซีย: {{t+|ms|lagu}}, {{t|ms|gita}} * แมนจู: {{t|mnc|ᡠᠴᡠᠨ}} * ยิดดิช: {{t|yi|ליד|n}}, {{t|yi|פּיעסניע|f}} * ยูเครน: {{t+|uk|пі́сня|f}}, {{t|uk|пі́сенька|f}}, {{t|uk|співа́нка|f}}, {{t|uk|співа́ночка|f}} * เยอรมัน: {{t+|de|Lied|n}}, {{t+|de|Gesang|m}}, {{t+|de|Song|m}} * รัสเซีย: {{t+|ru|пе́сня|f}}, {{t+|ru|песнь|f}}, {{t+|ru|пе́сенка|f}} * โรมาเนีย: {{t+|ro|cântec|n}}, {{t+|ro|cântare|f}} * โรฮีนจา: {{t|rhg|git}} * ละติน: {{t|la|cantus|m}}, {{t+|la|carmen|n}}, {{t|la|canor|m}} * ลาว: {{t+|lo|ເພງ}} * เวลส์: {{t+|cy|cân|f}} * เวียดนาม: {{t+|vi|bài hát}}, {{t+|vi|ca}}, {{t+|vi|ca khúc}} * สเปน: {{t+|es|canción|f}} * สโลวัก: {{t|sk|pieseň|f}}, {{t|sk|pesnička|f}} * สโลวีเนีย: {{t+|sl|pẹ̑səm|f}} * สวีเดน: {{t+|sv|låt|c}}, {{t+|sv|sång}}, {{t+|sv|visa}} * สันสกฤต: {{t+|sa|गीत|n}}, {{t+|sa|गाथ|m}} * อังกฤษ: {{t+|en|song|tr=ซอง}} * อาร์มีเนีย: {{t+|hy|երգ}} * อาหรับ: {{t|ar|أُغْنِيَّة|f}}, {{t|ar|أُغْنِيَة|f}} * อิตาลี: {{t+|it|canzone|f}} * อินโดนีเซีย: {{t+|id|lagu}}, {{t+|id|tembang}} * อิ้วเมี่ยน: {{t|ium|nzung}} * เอสโตเนีย: {{t+|et|laul}} * เอสเปรันโต: {{t+|eo|kanto}}, {{t|eo|kanzono}} * โอกินาวะ: {{t|ryu|歌|tr=うた, uta}} * โอริยา: {{t+|or|ଗୀତ}} * ฮังการี: {{t+|hu|ének}}, {{t+|hu|dal}} * ฮินดี: {{t+|hi|गाना|m}}, {{t+|hi|गीत|m}}, {{t+|hi|गान|m}}, {{t+|hi|गाथ|f}}, {{t+|hi|तराना|m}}, {{t+|hi|गाथा|m}} * ฮีบรู: {{t+|he|שִׁיר|m}} {{trans-bottom}} hx67hxjmstbgw7t1voh3v4tfymrluhq 828 36387 5775763 5775377 2026-10-21T06:12:48Z Octahedron80 267 5775763 Scribunto text/plain local m_langdata = require("Module:languages/data") -- Loaded on demand, as it may not be needed (depending on the data). local function u(...) u = require("Module:string utilities").char return u(...) end local c = m_langdata.chars local p = m_langdata.puaChars local s = m_langdata.shared -- Ideally, we want to move these into [[Module:languages/data]], but because (a) it's necessary to use require on that module, and (b) they're only used in this data module, it's less memory-efficient to do that at the moment. If it becomes possible to use mw.loadData, then these should be moved there. s["de-Latn-sortkey"] = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.diaer .. c.ringabove, from = {"æ", "œ", "ß"}, to = {"ae", "oe", "ss"} } s["de-Latn-standardchars"] = "AaÄäBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoÖöPpQqRrSsẞßTtUuÜüVvWwXxYyZz" s["ka-stripdiacritics"] = {remove_diacritics = c.circ} s["no-sortkey"] = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.tilde .. c.macron .. c.dacute .. c.caron .. c.cedilla, remove_exceptions = {"å"}, from = {"æ", "ø", "å"}, to = {"z" .. p[1], "z" .. p[2], "z" .. p[3]} } s["no-standardchars"] = "AaBbDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpRrSsTtUuVvYyÆæØøÅå" .. c.punc s["sa-Deva-stripdiacritics"] = { -- Don't use remove_diacritics for accent marks, as १ and ३ should also be removed if (and only if) they carry any. from = {"ॐ", "[१३]?[" .. c.anudatta .. c.udatta .. c.dsvarita .. c.tsvarita .. "]+"}, to = {"ओँ"}, } s["tg-stripdiacritics"] = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute} s["tk-stripdiacritics"] = {remove_diacritics = c.macron} local m = {} m["aa"] = { "อาฟาร์", 27811, "cus-eas", "Latn, Ethi", strip_diacritics = { Latn = {remove_diacritics = c.acute}, }, } m["ab"] = { "อับคาเซีย", 5111, "cau-abz", "Cyrl, Geor, Latn", translit = { Cyrl = "ab-translit", -- Geor translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] }, override_translit = true, display_text = { Cyrl = s["cau-Cyrl-displaytext"] }, strip_diacritics = { Cyrl = { remove_diacritics = c.acute, from = {"^а%-"}, to = {"а"}, }, Latn = s["cau-Latn-stripdiacritics"], }, sort_key = { Cyrl = { from = { "х'ә", -- 3 chars "гь", "гә", "ӷь", "ҕь", "ӷә", "ҕә", "дә", "ё", "жь", "жә", "ҙә", "ӡә", "ӡ'", "кь", "кә", "қь", "қә", "ҟь", "ҟә", "ҫә", "тә", "ҭә", "ф'", "хь", "хә", "х'", "ҳә", "ць", "цә", "ц'", "ҵә", "ҵ'", "шь", "шә", "џь", -- 2 chars "ӷ", "ҕ", "ҙ", "ӡ", "қ", "ҟ", "ԥ", "ҧ", "ҫ", "ҭ", "ҳ", "ҵ", "ҷ", "ҽ", "ҿ", "ҩ", "џ", "ә", -- 1 char "^а", }, to = { "х" .. p[4], "г" .. p[1], "г" .. p[2], "г" .. p[5], "г" .. p[6], "г" .. p[7], "г" .. p[8], "д" .. p[1], "е" .. p[1], "ж" .. p[1], "ж" .. p[2], "з" .. p[2], "з" .. p[4], "з" .. p[5], "к" .. p[1], "к" .. p[2], "к" .. p[4], "к" .. p[5], "к" .. p[7], "к" .. p[8], "с" .. p[2], "т" .. p[1], "т" .. p[3], "ф" .. p[1], "х" .. p[1], "х" .. p[2], "х" .. p[3], "х" .. p[6], "ц" .. p[1], "ц" .. p[2], "ц" .. p[3], "ц" .. p[5], "ц" .. p[6], "ш" .. p[1], "ш" .. p[2], "ы" .. p[3], "г" .. p[3], "г" .. p[4], "з" .. p[1], "з" .. p[3], "к" .. p[3], "к" .. p[6], "п" .. p[1], "п" .. p[2], "с" .. p[1], "т" .. p[2], "х" .. p[5], "ц" .. p[4], "ч" .. p[1], "ч" .. p[2], "ч" .. p[3], "ы" .. p[1], "ы" .. p[2], "ь" .. p[1], "", } }, }, } m["ae"] = { "อเวสตะ", 29572, "ira-cen", "Avst, Gujr, Deva", translit = { Avst = "Avst-translit", Gujr = "Gujr-translit", Deva = "Deva-translit", }, } m["af"] = { "อาฟรีกานส์", 14196, "gmw-frk", "Latn, Arab", ancestors = "nl", sort_key = { Latn = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.tilde .. c.diaer .. c.ringabove .. c.cedilla .. "'", from = {"['ʼ]n"}, to = {"n" .. p[1]} } }, } m["ak"] = { "อาคัน", 28026, "alv-ctn", "Latn", } m["am"] = { "อัมฮารา", 28244, "sem-eth", "Ethi", translit = "Ethi-translit", } m["an"] = { "อารากอน", 8765, "roa-nar", "Latn", } m["ar"] = { "อาหรับ", 13955, "sem-arb", "Arab, Hebr, Syrc, Brai, Nbat", translit = { Arab = "ar-translit" }, strip_diacritics = { Arab = "ar-stripdiacritics", }, -- Hebr display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["as"] = { "อัสสัม", 29401, "inc-bas", "as-Beng", ancestors = "inc-mas", translit = "Beng-translit", } m["av"] = { "อะวาร์", 29561, "cau-ava", "Cyrl, Latn, Arab", ancestors = "oav", translit = { Cyrl = "cau-nec-translit", Arab = "ar-translit", }, override_translit = true, display_text = { Cyrl = s["cau-Cyrl-displaytext"], }, strip_diacritics = { Cyrl = s["cau-Cyrl-stripdiacritics"], Latn = s["cau-Latn-stripdiacritics"], }, sort_key = { Cyrl = { from = {"гъ", "гь", "гӏ", "ё", "кк", "къ", "кь", "кӏ", "лъ", "лӏ", "тӏ", "хх", "хъ", "хь", "хӏ", "цӏ", "чӏ"}, to = {"г" .. p[1], "г" .. p[2], "г" .. p[3], "е" .. p[1], "к" .. p[1], "к" .. p[2], "к" .. p[3], "к" .. p[4], "л" .. p[1], "л" .. p[2], "т" .. p[1], "х" .. p[1], "х" .. p[2], "х" .. p[3], "х" .. p[4], "ц" .. p[1], "ч" .. p[1]} }, }, } m["ay"] = { "ไอย์มารา", 4627, "sai-aym", "Latn", } m["az"] = { "อาเซอร์ไบจาน", 9292, "trk-ogz", "Latn, Cyrl, Arab", ancestors = "trk-oat", dotted_dotless_i = true, strip_diacritics = { Latn = { from = {"ʼ"}, to = {"'"}, }, Arab = { module = "ar-stripdiacritics", ["from"] = { "ۆ", "ۇ", "وْ", "ڲ", "ؽ", }, ["to"] = { "و", "و", "و", "گ", "ی", }, }, }, display_text = { Latn = { from = {"'"}, to = {"ʼ"} } }, sort_key = { Latn = { from = { "i", -- Ensure "i" comes after "ı". "ç", "ə", "ğ", "x", "ı", "q", "ö", "ş", "ü", "w" }, to = { "i" .. p[1], "c" .. p[1], "e" .. p[1], "g" .. p[1], "h" .. p[1], "i", "k" .. p[1], "o" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "u" .. p[1], "z" .. p[1] } }, Cyrl = { from = {"ғ", "ә", "ы", "ј", "ҝ", "ө", "ү", "һ", "ҹ"}, to = {"г" .. p[1], "е" .. p[1], "и" .. p[1], "и" .. p[2], "к" .. p[1], "о" .. p[1], "у" .. p[1], "х" .. p[1], "ч" .. p[1]} }, }, } m["ba"] = { "แบชเคียร์", 13389, "trk-kbu", "Cyrl", translit = "ba-translit", override_translit = true, sort_key = { from = {"ғ", "ҙ", "ё", "ҡ", "ң", "ө", "ҫ", "ү", "һ", "ә"}, to = {"г" .. p[1], "д" .. p[1], "е" .. p[1], "к" .. p[1], "н" .. p[1], "о" .. p[1], "с" .. p[1], "у" .. p[1], "х" .. p[1], "э" .. p[1]} }, } m["be"] = { "เบลารุส", 9091, "zle", "Cyrl, Latn", ancestors = "zle-mbe", translit = { Cyrl = "be-translit-Thai", }, strip_diacritics = { Cyrl = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute, }, Latn = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute, remove_exceptions = {"Ć", "ć", "Ń", "ń", "Ś", "ś", "Ź", "ź"}, }, }, sort_key = { Cyrl = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute, from = {"ґ", "ё", "і", "ў"}, to = {"г" .. p[1], "е" .. p[1], "и" .. p[1], "у" .. p[1]} }, Latn = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute, remove_exceptions = {"ć", "ń", "ś", "ź"}, from = {"ć", "č", "dz", "dź", "dž", "ch", "ł", "ń", "ś", "š", "ŭ", "ź", "ž"}, to = {"c" .. p[1], "c" .. p[2], "d" .. p[1], "d" .. p[2], "d" .. p[3], "h" .. p[1], "l" .. p[1], "n" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "s" .. p[2], "u" .. p[1], "z" .. p[1], "z" .. p[2]} }, }, standard_chars = { Cyrl = "АаБбВвГгДдЕеЁёЖжЗзІіЙйКкЛлМмНнОоПпРрСсТтУуЎўФфХхЦцЧчШшЫыЬьЭэЮюЯя", Latn = "AaBbCcĆćČčDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlŁłMmNnŃńOoPpRrSsŚśŠšTtUuŬŭVvYyZzŹźŽž", (c.punc:gsub("'", "")) -- Exclude apostrophe. }, } m["bg"] = { "บัลแกเรีย", 7918, "zls", "Cyrl", ancestors = "cu-bgm", translit = "bg-translit", strip_diacritics = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute, remove_exceptions = {"%f[^%z%s]ѝ%f[%z%s]"}, }, sort_key = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute, remove_exceptions = {"%f[^%z%s]ѝ%f[%z%s]"}, }, standard_chars = "АаБбВвГгДдЕеЖжЗзИиЙйКкЛлМмНнОоПпРрСсТтУуФфХхЦцЧчШшЩщЪъЬьЮюЯя" .. c.punc, } m["bh"] = { "พิหาร", 135305, "inc-eas", "Deva", translit = "Deva-translit", } m["bi"] = { "บิสลามา", 35452, "crp", "Latn", ancestors = "en", } m["bm"] = { "บัมบารา", 33243, "dmn-emn", "Latn, Nkoo", sort_key = { Latn = { from = {"ɛ", "ɲ", "ŋ", "ɔ"}, to = {"e" .. p[1], "n" .. p[1], "n" .. p[2], "o" .. p[1]} }, }, } m["bn"] = { "เบงกอล", 9610, "inc-bas", "Beng, Newa", ancestors = "inc-mbn", translit = { Beng = "Beng-translit" }, } m["bo"] = { "ทิเบต", 34271, "sit-tib", "Tibt", -- sometimes Deva? ancestors = "xct", override_translit = true, -- Tibt translit, display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["br"] = { "เบรอตง", 12107, "cel-brs", "Latn", ancestors = "xbm", sort_key = { from = {"ch", "c['ʼ’]h"}, to = {"c" .. p[1], "c" .. p[2]} }, } m["ca"] = { "กาตาลา", 7026, "roa-ocr", "Latn", ancestors = "roa-oca", sort_key = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.diaer .. c.cedilla .. "·"}, standard_chars = "AaÀàBbCcÇçDdEeÉéÈèFfGgHhIiÍíÏïJjLlMmNnOoÓóÒòPpQqRrSsTtUuÚúÜüVvXxYyZz·" .. c.punc, } m["ce"] = { "เชเชน", 33350, "cau-vay", "Cyrl, Latn, Arab", translit = { Cyrl = "cau-nec-translit", Arab = "ar-translit", }, override_translit = true, display_text = { Cyrl = s["cau-Cyrl-displaytext"] }, strip_diacritics = { Cyrl = s["cau-Cyrl-stripdiacritics"], Latn = s["cau-Latn-stripdiacritics"], }, sort_key = { Cyrl = { from = {"аь", "гӏ", "ё", "кх", "къ", "кӏ", "оь", "пӏ", "тӏ", "уь", "хь", "хӏ", "цӏ", "чӏ", "юь", "яь"}, to = {"а" .. p[1], "г" .. p[1], "е" .. p[1], "к" .. p[1], "к" .. p[2], "к" .. p[3], "о" .. p[1], "п" .. p[1], "т" .. p[1], "у" .. p[1], "х" .. p[1], "х" .. p[2], "ц" .. p[1], "ч" .. p[1], "ю" .. p[1], "я" .. p[1]} }, }, } m["ch"] = { "ชามอร์โร", 33262, "poz", "Latn", sort_key = { remove_diacritics = "'", from = {"å", "ch", "ñ", "ng"}, to = {"a" .. p[1], "c" .. p[1], "n" .. p[1], "n" .. p[2]} }, } m["co"] = { "คอร์ซิกา", 33111, "roa-itr", "Latn", sort_key = { from = {"chj", "ghj", "sc", "sg"}, to = {"c" .. p[1], "g" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "s" .. p[2]} }, standard_chars = "AaÀàBbCcDdEeÈèFfGgHhIiÌìÏïJjLlMmNnOoÒòPpQqRrSsTtUuÙùÜüVvZz" .. c.punc, } m["cr"] = { "ครี", 33390, "alg", "Latn, Cans", translit = { Cans = "cr-translit" }, } m["cs"] = { "เช็ก", 9056, "zlw", "Latn", ancestors = "cs-ear", sort_key = { from = {"á", "č", "ď", "é", "ě", "ch", "í", "ň", "ó", "ř", "š", "ť", "ú", "ů", "ý", "ž"}, to = {"a" .. p[1], "c" .. p[1], "d" .. p[1], "e" .. p[1], "e" .. p[2], "h" .. p[1], "i" .. p[1], "n" .. p[1], "o" .. p[1], "r" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "t" .. p[1], "u" .. p[1], "u" .. p[2], "y" .. p[1], "z" .. p[1]} }, standard_chars = "AaÁáBbCcČčDdĎďEeÉéĚěFfGgHhIiÍíJjKkLlMmNnŇňOoÓóPpRrŘřSsŠšTtŤťUuÚúŮůVvYyÝýZzŽž" .. c.punc, } m["cu"] = { "สลาวอนิกคริสตจักรเก่า", 35499, "zls", "Cyrs, Glag, Zname", translit = { Cyrs = "Cyrs-translit", Glag = "Glag-translit" }, -- Cyrs strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["cv"] = { "ชูวัช", 33348, "trk-ogr", "Cyrl", ancestors = "cv-mid", translit = "cv-translit", override_translit = true, sort_key = { from = {"ӑ", "ё", "ӗ", "ҫ", "ӳ"}, to = {"а" .. p[1], "е" .. p[1], "е" .. p[2], "с" .. p[1], "у" .. p[1]} }, } m["cy"] = { "เวลส์", 9309, "cel-brw", "Latn", ancestors = "wlm", sort_key = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.diaer .. "'", from = {"ch", "dd", "ff", "ng", "ll", "ph", "rh", "th"}, to = {"c" .. p[1], "d" .. p[1], "f" .. p[1], "g" .. p[1], "l" .. p[1], "p" .. p[1], "r" .. p[1], "t" .. p[1]} }, standard_chars = "ÂâAaBbCcDdEeÊêFfGgHhIiÎîLlMmNnOoÔôPpRrSsTtUuÛûWwŴŵYyŶŷ" .. c.punc, } m["da"] = { "เดนมาร์ก", 9035, "gmq-eas", "Latn", ancestors = "gmq-oda", sort_key = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.tilde .. c.macron .. c.dacute .. c.caron .. c.cedilla, remove_exceptions = {"å"}, from = {"æ", "ø", "å"}, to = {"z" .. p[1], "z" .. p[2], "z" .. p[3]} }, standard_chars = "AaBbDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpRrSsTtUuVvYyÆæØøÅå" .. c.punc, } m["de"] = { "เยอรมัน", 188, "gmw-hgm", "Latn, Latf, Brai", ancestors = "de-ear", sort_key = { Latn = s["de-Latn-sortkey"], Latf = s["de-Latn-sortkey"], }, standard_chars = { Latn = s["de-Latn-standardchars"], Latf = s["de-Latn-standardchars"], Brai = c.braille, c.punc } } m["dv"] = { "มัลดีฟส์", 32656, "inc-ins", "Thaa, Diak", translit = { Thaa = "Thaa-translit", Diak = "Diak-translit", }, ancestors = "dv-old", override_translit = true, } m["dz"] = { "ซองคา", 33081, "sit-tib", "Tibt", ancestors = "xct", override_translit = true, -- Tibt translit, display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["ee"] = { "เอเว", 30005, "alv-gbe", "Latn", sort_key = { remove_diacritics = c.tilde, from = {"ɖ", "dz", "ɛ", "ƒ", "gb", "ɣ", "kp", "ny", "ŋ", "ɔ", "ts", "ʋ"}, to = {"d" .. p[1], "d" .. p[2], "e" .. p[1], "f" .. p[1], "g" .. p[1], "g" .. p[2], "k" .. p[1], "n" .. p[1], "n" .. p[2], "o" .. p[1], "t" .. p[1], "v" .. p[1]} }, } m["el"] = { "กรีก", 9129, "grk", "Grek, Polyt, Brai", ancestors = "el-kth", translit = "el-translit", override_translit = true, -- Grek and Polyt display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] standard_chars = { Grek = "΅·ͺ΄ΑαΆάΒβΓγΔδΕεέΈΖζΗηΉήΘθΙιΊίΪϊΐΚκΛλΜμΝνΞξΟοΌόΠπΡρΣσςΤτΥυΎύΫϋΰΦφΧχΨψΩωΏώ", Brai = c.braille, c.punc }, } m["en"] = { "อังกฤษ", 1860, "gmw-ang", "Latn, Brai, Shaw, Dsrt", -- entries in Shaw or Dsrt might require prior discussion wikimedia_codes = "en, simple", ancestors = "en-ear", sort_key = { Latn = { -- Many of these are needed for sorting language names. remove_diacritics = "'\"%-%.,%s·ʻʼ" .. c.diacritics, -- These are found in pagenames. from = {"[ɒæ🅱¢©ᴄðđəǝɜɡħʜıɨłŋɲøɔœꝑꝓꝕßʋ]"}, to = {{ ["ɒ"] = "a", ["æ"] = "ae", ["🅱"] = "b", ["¢"] = "c", ["©"] = "c", ["ᴄ"] = "c", ["ð"] = "d", ["đ"] = "d", ["ə"] = "e", ["ǝ"] = "e", ["ɜ"] = "e", ["ɡ"] = "g", ["ħ"] = "h", ["ʜ"] = "h", ["ı"] = "i", ["ɨ"] = "i", ["ł"] = "l", ["ŋ"] = "n", ["ɲ"] = "n", ["ø"] = "o", ["ɔ"] = "o", ["œ"] = "oe", ["ꝑ"] = "p", ["ꝓ"] = "p", ["ꝕ"] = "p", ["ß"] = "ss", ["ʋ"] = "v", }}, }, }, standard_chars = { Latn = "AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZz", Brai = c.braille, c.punc }, } m["eo"] = { "เอสเปรันโต", 143, "art", "Latn", --translit = "eo-translit", -- already handled in Module:headword & Module:links sort_key = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute, from = {"ĉ", "ĝ", "ĥ", "ĵ", "ŝ", "ŭ"}, to = {"c" .. p[1], "g" .. p[1], "h" .. p[1], "j" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "u" .. p[1]} }, standard_chars = "AaBbCcĈĉDdEeFfGgĜĝHhĤĥIiJjĴĵKkLlMmNnOoPpRrSsŜŝTtUuŬŭVvZz" .. c.punc, } m["es"] = { "สเปน", 1321, "roa-cas", "Latn, Brai", ancestors = "es-ear", --translit = "es-translit", -- already handled in Module:headword & Module:links sort_key = { Latn = { remove_exceptions = {"ñ"}, remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.tilde .. c.macron .. c.diaer .. c.cedilla, from = {"ª", "æ", "ñ", "º", "œ"}, to = {"a", "ae", "n" .. p[1], "o", "oe"} }, }, standard_chars = { Latn = "AaÁáBbCcDdEeÉéFfGgHhIiÍíJjLlMmNnÑñOoÓóPpQqRrSsTtUuÚúÜüVvXxYyZz", Brai = c.braille, c.punc }, } m["et"] = { "เอสโตเนีย", 9072, "urj-fin", "Latn", sort_key = { from = { "š", "ž", "õ", "ä", "ö", "ü", -- 2 chars "z" -- 1 char }, to = { "s" .. p[1], "s" .. p[3], "w" .. p[1], "w" .. p[2], "w" .. p[3], "w" .. p[4], "s" .. p[2] } }, standard_chars = "AaBbDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpRrSsTtUuVvÕõÄäÖöÜü" .. c.punc, } m["eu"] = { "บาสก์", 8752, "euq", "Latn", sort_key = { from = {"ç", "ñ"}, to = {"c" .. p[1], "n" .. p[1]} }, standard_chars = "AaBbDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnÑñOoPpRrSsTtUuXxZz" .. c.punc, } m["fa"] = { "เปอร์เซีย", 9168, "ira-swi", "Arab, Hebr", ancestors = "fa-cls", strip_diacritics = { Arab = { -- character "ۂ" code U+06C2 to "ه" and "هٔ" (U+0647 + U+0654) to "ه"; hamzatu l-waṣli to a regular alif from = {"هٔ", "ٱ"}, -- character "ۂ" code U+06C2 to "ه"; hamzatu l-waṣli to a regular alif to = {"ه", "ا"}, remove_diacritics = c.fathatan .. c.dammatan .. c.kasratan .. c.fatha .. c.damma .. c.kasra .. c.shadda .. c.sukun .. c.superalef, }, }, -- Hebr display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["ff"] = { "ฟูลา", 33454, "alv-fwo", "Latn, Adlm", } m["fi"] = { "ฟินแลนด์", 1412, "urj-fin", "Latn", display_text = { from = {"'"}, to = {"’"} }, strip_diacritics = { -- used to indicate gemination of the next consonant remove_diacritics = "ˣ", from = {"’"}, to = {"'"}, }, sort_key = { -- [[Appendix:Finnish alphabet#Collation]] + "aͤ" and "oͤ" as historical variants of "ä" and "ö". remove_diacritics = "'’:" .. c.diacritics, remove_exceptions = { "a[" .. c.ringabove .. c.diaer .. c.small_e .. "]", -- åäaͤ "o[" .. c.diaer .. c.tilde .. c.dacute .. c.small_e .. "]", -- öõőoͤ "u[" .. c.diaer .. c.dacute .. "]" -- üű }, from = {"æ", "[ðđ]", "ł", "ŋ", "œ", "ß", "þ", "u[" .. c.diaer .. c.dacute .. "]", "å", "aͤ", "o[" .. c.tilde .. c.dacute .. c.small_e .. "]", "ø", "(.)['%-]"}, to = {"ae", "d", "l", "n", "oe", "ss", "th", "y", "z" .. p[1], "ä", "ö", "ö", "%1"} }, standard_chars = "AaBbDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpRrSsTtUuVvYyÄäÖö" .. c.punc, } m["fj"] = { "ฟีจี", 33295, "poz-pcc", "Latn", } m["fo"] = { "แฟโร", 25258, "gmq-ins", "Latn", sort_key = { from = {"á", "ð", "í", "ó", "ú", "ý", "æ", "ø"}, to = {"a" .. p[1], "d" .. p[1], "i" .. p[1], "o" .. p[1], "u" .. p[1], "y" .. p[1], "z" .. p[1], "z" .. p[2]} }, standard_chars = "AaÁáBbDdÐðEeFfGgHhIiÍíJjKkLlMmNnOoÓóPpRrSsTtUuÚúVvYyÝýÆæØø" .. c.punc, } m["fr"] = { "ฝรั่งเศส", 150, "roa-oil", "Latn, Brai", ancestors = "frm", sort_key = { Latn = s["roa-oil-sortkey"] }, standard_chars = { Latn = "AaÀàÂâBbCcÇçDdEeÉéÈèÊêËëFfGgHhIiÎîÏïJjLlMmNnOoÔôŒœPpQqRrSsTtUuÙùÛûÜüVvXxYyZz", Brai = c.braille, c.punc }, } m["fy"] = { "ฟรีเชียตะวันตก", 27175, "gmw-fri", "Latn", sort_key = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.diaer, from = {"y"}, to = {"i"} }, standard_chars = "AaâäàÆæBbCcDdEeéêëèFfGgHhIiïìYyỳJjKkLlMmNnOoôöòPpRrSsTtUuúûüùVvWwZz" .. c.punc, } m["ga"] = { "ไอริช", 9142, "cel-gae", "Latn, Latg", ancestors = "mga", sort_key = { remove_diacritics = c.acute, from = {"ḃ", "ċ", "ḋ", "ḟ", "ġ", "ṁ", "ṗ", "ṡ", "ṫ"}, to = {"bh", "ch", "dh", "fh", "gh", "mh", "ph", "sh", "th"} }, standard_chars = "AaÁáBbCcDdEeÉéFfGgHhIiÍíLlMmNnOoÓóPpRrSsTtUuÚúVv" .. c.punc, } m["gd"] = { "แกลิกแบบสกอตแลนด์", 9314, "cel-gae", "Latn, Latg", ancestors = "mga", sort_key = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute}, standard_chars = "AaÀàBbCcDdEeÈèFfGgHhIiÌìLlMmNnOoÒòPpRrSsTtUuÙù" .. c.punc, } m["gl"] = { "กาลิเซีย", 9307, "roa-gap", "Latn", sort_key = { remove_diacritics = c.acute, from = {"ñ"}, to = {"n" .. p[1]} }, standard_chars = "AaÁáBbCcDdEeÉéFfGgHhIiÍíÏïLlMmNnÑñOoÓóPpQqRrSsTtUuÚúÜüVvXxZz" .. c.punc, } m["gu"] = { "คุชราต", 5137, "inc-wes", "Arab, Gujr", ancestors = "inc-mgu", translit = { Gujr = "Gujr-translit", }, strip_diacritics = { Arab = {remove_diacritics = c.fathatan .. c.dammatan .. c.kasratan .. c.fatha .. c.damma .. c.kasra .. c.kasra .. c.shadda .. c.sukun}, Gujr = {remove_diacritics = "઼"}, }, } m["gv"] = { "แมงซ์", 12175, "cel-gae", "Latn", ancestors = "mga", sort_key = {remove_diacritics = c.cedilla .. "-"}, standard_chars = "AaBbCcÇçDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwYy" .. c.punc, } m["ha"] = { "เฮาซา", 56475, "cdc-wst", "Latn, Arab", strip_diacritics = { Latn = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.tilde .. c.macron} }, sort_key = { Latn = { from = {"ɓ", "b'", "ɗ", "d'", "ƙ", "k'", "sh", "ƴ", "'y"}, to = {"b" .. p[1], "b" .. p[2], "d" .. p[1], "d" .. p[2], "k" .. p[1], "k" .. p[2], "s" .. p[1], "y" .. p[1], "y" .. p[2]} }, }, } m["he"] = { "ฮีบรู", 9288, "sem-can", "Hebr, Phnx, Brai, Samr", ancestors = "he-med", translit = { Hebr = "้ำ-translit", }, -- Hebr display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] -- Samr strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] -- Phnx translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] (NOTE: not present before, presumably an accidental omission) } m["hi"] = { "ฮินดี", 1568, "inc-hnd", "Deva, Kthi, Newa", translit = { Deva = "Deva-translit", Kthi = "Kthi-translit", Newa = "Newa-translit", }, standard_chars = { Deva = "अआइईउऊएऐओऔकखगघङचछजझञटठडढणतथदधनपफबभमयरलवशषसहत्रज्ञक्षक़ख़ग़ज़झ़ड़ढ़फ़काखागाघाङाचाछाजाझाञाटाठाडाढाणाताथादाधानापाफाबाभामायारालावाशाषासाहात्राज्ञाक्षाक़ाख़ाग़ाज़ाझ़ाड़ाढ़ाफ़ाकिखिगिघिङिचिछिजिझिञिटिठिडिढिणितिथिदिधिनिपिफिबिभिमियिरिलिविशिषिसिहित्रिज्ञिक्षिक़िख़िग़िज़िझ़िड़िढ़िफ़िकीखीगीघीङीचीछीजीझीञीटीठीडीढीणीतीथीदीधीनीपीफीबीभीमीयीरीलीवीशीषीसीहीत्रीज्ञीक्षीक़ीख़ीग़ीज़ीझ़ीड़ीढ़ीफ़ीकुखुगुघुङुचुछुजुझुञुटुठुडुढुणुतुथुदुधुनुपुफुबुभुमुयुरुलुवुशुषुसुहुत्रुज्ञुक्षुक़ुख़ुग़ुज़ुझ़ुड़ुढ़ुफ़ुकूखूगूघूङूचूछूजूझूञूटूठूडूढूणूतूथूदूधूनूपूफूबूभूमूयूरूलूवूशूषूसूहूत्रूज्ञूक्षूक़ूख़ूग़ूज़ूझ़ूड़ूढ़ूफ़ूकेखेगेघेङेचेछेजेझेञेटेठेडेढेणेतेथेदेधेनेपेफेबेभेमेयेरेलेवेशेषेसेहेत्रेज्ञेक्षेक़ेख़ेग़ेज़ेझ़ेड़ेढ़ेफ़ेकैखैगैघैङैचैछैजैझैञैटैठैडैढैणैतैथैदैधैनैपैफैबैभैमैयैरैलैवैशैषैसैहैत्रैज्ञैक्षैक़ैख़ैग़ैज़ैझ़ैड़ैढ़ैफ़ैकोखोगोघोङोचोछोजोझोञोटोठोडोढोणोतोथोदोधोनोपोफोबोभोमोयोरोलोवोशोषोसोहोत्रोज्ञोक्षोक़ोख़ोग़ोज़ोझ़ोड़ोढ़ोफ़ोकौखौगौघौङौचौछौजौझौञौटौठौडौढौणौतौथौदौधौनौपौफौबौभौमौयौरौलौवौशौषौसौहौत्रौज्ञौक्षौक़ौख़ौग़ौज़ौझ़ौड़ौढ़ौफ़ौक्ख्ग्घ्ङ्च्छ्ज्झ्ञ्ट्ठ्ड्ढ्ण्त्थ्द्ध्न्प्फ्ब्भ्म्य्र्ल्व्श्ष्स्ह्त्र्ज्ञ्क्ष्क़्ख़्ग़्ज़्झ़्ड़्ढ़्फ़्।॥०१२३४५६७८९॰", c.punc }, } m["ho"] = { "ฮีรีโมตู", 33617, "crp", "Latn", ancestors = "meu", } m["ht"] = { "ครีโอลเฮติ", 33491, "crp", "Latn", ancestors = "ht-sdm", sort_key = { from = { "oun", -- 3 chars "an", "ch", "è", "en", "ng", "ò", "on", "ou", "ui" -- 2 chars }, to = { "o" .. p[4], "a" .. p[1], "c" .. p[1], "e" .. p[1], "e" .. p[2], "n" .. p[1], "o" .. p[1], "o" .. p[2], "o" .. p[3], "u" .. p[1] } }, } m["hu"] = { "ฮังการี", 9067, "urj-ugr", "Latn, Hung", ancestors = "ohu", sort_key = { Latn = { from = { "dzs", -- 3 chars "á", "cs", "dz", "é", "gy", "í", "ly", "ny", "ó", "ö", "ő", "sz", "ty", "ú", "ü", "ű", "zs", -- 2 chars }, to = { "d" .. p[2], "a" .. p[1], "c" .. p[1], "d" .. p[1], "e" .. p[1], "g" .. p[1], "i" .. p[1], "l" .. p[1], "n" .. p[1], "o" .. p[1], "o" .. p[2], "o" .. p[3], "s" .. p[1], "t" .. p[1], "u" .. p[1], "u" .. p[2], "u" .. p[3], "z" .. p[1], } }, }, standard_chars = { Latn = "AaÁáBbCcDdEeÉéFfGgHhIiÍíJjKkLlMmNnOoÓóÖöŐőPpQqRrSsTtUuÚúÜüŰűVvWwXxYyZz", c.punc }, } m["hy"] = { "อาร์มีเนีย", 8785, "hyx", "Armn, Brai", ancestors = "axm", -- Armn translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] override_translit = true, strip_diacritics = { Armn = { remove_diacritics = "՛՜՞՟", from = {"եւ", "^յ", "^ի", "^է", "յ̵", "ՙ", "՚"}, to = {"և", "յ", "ի", "է", "ֈ", "ʻ", "’"} }, }, sort_key = { Armn = { from = { "ու", "եւ", -- 2 chars "և" -- 1 char }, to = { "ւ", "եվ", "եվ" } }, }, } m["hz"] = { "เฮเรโร", 33315, "bnt-swb", "Latn", } m["ia"] = { "อินเทอร์ลิงกวา", 35934, "art", "Latn", } m["id"] = { "อินโดนีเซีย", 9240, "poz-mly", "Latn", ancestors = "ms", standard_chars = "AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZz" .. c.punc, } m["ie"] = { "อินเทร์ลิงเกว", 35850, "art", "Latn", type = "appendix-constructed", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ}, } m["ig"] = { "อิกโบ", 33578, "alv-igb", "Latn", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.macron}, sort_key = { from = {"gb", "gh", "gw", "ị", "kp", "kw", "ṅ", "nw", "ny", "ọ", "sh", "ụ"}, to = {"g" .. p[1], "g" .. p[2], "g" .. p[3], "i" .. p[1], "k" .. p[1], "k" .. p[2], "n" .. p[1], "n" .. p[2], "n" .. p[3], "o" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "u" .. p[1]} }, } m["ii"] = { "นอซู", 34235, "tbq-nlo", "Yiii", translit = "ii-translit", } m["ik"] = { "Inupiaq", 27183, "esx-inu", "Latn", sort_key = { from = { "ch", "ġ", "dj", "ḷ", "ł̣", "ñ", "ng", "r̂", "sr", "zr", -- 2 chars "ł", "ŋ", "ʼ" -- 1 char }, to = { "c" .. p[1], "g" .. p[1], "h" .. p[1], "l" .. p[1], "l" .. p[3], "n" .. p[1], "n" .. p[2], "r" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "z" .. p[1], "l" .. p[2], "n" .. p[2], "z" .. p[2] } }, } m["io"] = { "อีโด", 35224, "art", "Latn", } m["is"] = { "ไอซ์แลนด์", 294, "gmq-ins", "Latn", sort_key = { from = {"á", "ð", "é", "í", "ó", "ú", "ý", "þ", "æ", "ö"}, to = {"a" .. p[1], "d" .. p[1], "e" .. p[1], "i" .. p[1], "o" .. p[1], "u" .. p[1], "y" .. p[1], "z" .. p[1], "z" .. p[2], "z" .. p[3]} }, standard_chars = "AaÁáBbDdÐðEeÉéFfGgHhIiÍíJjKkLlMmNnOoÓóPpRrSsTtUuÚúVvXxYyÝýÞþÆæÖö" .. c.punc, } m["it"] = { "อิตาลี", 652, "roa-itr", "Latn", ancestors = "roa-oit", sort_key = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.diaer .. c.ringabove}, standard_chars = "AaÀàBbCcDdEeÈèÉéFfGgHhIiÌìLlMmNnOoÒòPpQqRrSsTtUuÙùVvZz" .. c.punc, } m["iu"] = { "อินุกติตุต", 29921, "esx-inu", "Cans, Latn", translit = { Cans = "cr-translit" }, override_translit = true, } m["ja"] = { "ญี่ปุ่น", 5287, "jpx", "Jpan, Latn, Brai", ancestors = "ja-ear", translit = s["jpx-translit"], link_tr = true, display_text = s["jpx-displaytext"], strip_diacritics = s["jpx-stripdiacritics"], sort_key = s["jpx-sortkey"], } m["jv"] = { "ชวา", 33549, "poz", "Latn, Java, Arab", ancestors = "kaw", translit = { Java = "Java-translit" }, link_tr = true, strip_diacritics = { Latn = {remove_diacritics = c.circ} -- Modern jv don't use ê }, sort_key = { Latn = { from = {"å", "dh", "é", "è", "ng", "ny", "th"}, to = {"a" .. p[1], "d" .. p[1], "e" .. p[1], "e" .. p[2], "n" .. p[1], "n" .. p[2], "t" .. p[1]} }, }, } m["ka"] = { "จอร์เจีย", 8108, "ccs-gzn", "Geor, Geok, Hebr", -- Hebr is used to write Judeo-Georgian ancestors = "ka-mid", -- Geor, Geok translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] override_translit = true, strip_diacritics = { Geor = s["ka-stripdiacritics"], Geok = s["ka-stripdiacritics"], }, -- Hebr display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["kg"] = { "คองโก", 33702, "bnt-kng", "Latn", } m["ki"] = { "เกโกโย", 33587, "bnt-kka", "Latn", } m["kj"] = { "Kwanyama", 1405077, "bnt-ova", "Latn", } m["kk"] = { "คาซัค", 9252, "trk-kno", "Cyrl, Latn, Arab", translit = "kk-translit", -- override_translit = true, sort_key = { Cyrl = { from = {"ә", "ғ", "ё", "қ", "ң", "ө", "ұ", "ү", "һ", "і"}, to = {"а" .. p[1], "г" .. p[1], "е" .. p[1], "к" .. p[1], "н" .. p[1], "о" .. p[1], "у" .. p[1], "у" .. p[2], "х" .. p[1], "ы" .. p[1]} }, }, standard_chars = { Cyrl = "АаӘәБбВвГгҒғДдЕеЁёЖжЗзИиЙйКкҚқЛлМмНнҢңОоӨөПпРрСсТтУуҰұҮүФфХхҺһЦцЧчШшЩщЪъЫыІіЬьЭэЮюЯя", c.punc }, } m["kl"] = { "กรีนแลนด์", 25355, "esx-inu", "Latn", sort_key = { from = {"æ", "ø", "å"}, to = {"z" .. p[1], "z" .. p[2], "z" .. p[3]} } } m["km"] = { "เขมร", 9205, "mkh-kmr", "Khmr", ancestors = "xhm", translit = "Khmr-translit", } m["kn"] = { "กันนฑะ", 33673, "dra-kan", "Knda, Tutg", ancestors = "dra-mkn", -- Knda translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["ko"] = { "เกาหลี", 9176, "qfa-kor", "Kore, Brai", ancestors = "ko-ear", translit = { Kore = "ko-translit", }, -- Kore strip_diacritics in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["kr"] = { "กานูรี", 36094, "ssa-sah", "Latn, Arab", -- the sortkey and strip_diacritics are only for standard Kanuri; when dialectal entries get added, someone will have to work out how the dialects should be represented orthographically strip_diacritics = { Latn = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.breve} }, sort_key = { Latn = { from = {"ǝ", "ny", "ɍ", "sh"}, to = {"e" .. p[1], "n" .. p[1], "r" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1]} }, }, } m["ks"] = { "แคชเมียร์", 33552, "inc-kas", "Aran, Deva, Shrd, Latn", translit = { Aran = "ks-Aran-translit", Deva = "Deva-translit", -- Shrd translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] }, } -- "kv" is treated as "koi", "kpv", see [[WT:LT]] m["kw"] = { "คอร์นวอลล์", 25289, "cel-brs", "Latn", ancestors = "cnx", sort_key = { from = {"ch"}, to = {"c" .. p[1]} }, } m["ky"] = { "คีร์กีซ", 9255, "trk-kkp", "Cyrl, Latn, Arab", translit = { Cyrl = "ky-translit" }, override_translit = true, sort_key = { Cyrl = { from = {"ё", "ң", "ө", "ү"}, to = {"е" .. p[1], "н" .. p[1], "о" .. p[1], "у" .. p[1]} }, }, } m["la"] = { "ละติน", 397, "itc-laf", "Latn, Ital", ancestors = "itc-ola", --translit = "la-translit", -- already handled in Module:headword & Module:links -- Ital translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] (NOTE: formerly not present, probably an accidental omission) display_text = { Latn = s["itc-Latn-displaytext"] }, strip_diacritics = { Latn = s["itc-Latn-stripdiacritics"] }, sort_key = { Latn = s["itc-Latn-sortkey"] }, standard_chars = { Latn = "AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvXx", c.punc }, } m["lb"] = { "ลักเซมเบิร์ก", 9051, "gmw-hgm", "Latn, Brai", ancestors = "gmw-cfr", sort_key = { Latn = { from = {"ä", "ë", "é"}, to = {"z" .. p[1], "z" .. p[2], "z" .. p[3]} }, }, } m["lg"] = { "ลูกันดา", 33368, "bnt-nyg", "Latn", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.acute .. c.circ}, sort_key = { from = {"ŋ"}, to = {"n" .. p[1]} }, } m["li"] = { "ลิมเบิร์ก", 102172, "gmw-frk", "Latn", ancestors = "dum", } m["ln"] = { "ลิงกาลา", 36217, "bnt-bmo", "Latn", sort_key = { remove_diacritics = c.acute .. c.circ .. c.caron, from = {"ɛ", "gb", "mb", "mp", "nd", "ng", "nk", "ns", "nt", "ny", "nz", "ɔ"}, to = {"e" .. p[1], "g" .. p[1], "m" .. p[1], "m" .. p[2], "n" .. p[1], "n" .. p[2], "n" .. p[3], "n" .. p[4], "n" .. p[5], "n" .. p[6], "n" .. p[7], "o" .. p[1]} }, } m["lo"] = { "ลาว", 9211, "tai-swe", "Laoo", -- also Tai Noi/Lao Buhan script translit = "Laoo-translit", --sort_key = "Laoo-sortkey", standard_chars = "0-9ກຂຄງຈຊຍດຕຖທນບປຜຝພຟມຢຣລວສຫອຮຯ-ໝ" .. c.punc, } m["lt"] = { "ลิทัวเนีย", 9083, "bat-eas", "Latn", ancestors = "olt", display_text = "lt-common", strip_diacritics = "lt-common", sort_key = "lt-common", standard_chars = "AaĄąBbCcČčDdEeĘęĖėFfGgHhIiĮįYyJjKkLlMmNnOoPpRrSsŠšTtUuŲųŪūVvZzŽž" .. c.punc, } m["lu"] = { "Luba-Katanga", 36157, "bnt-lub", "Latn", } m["lv"] = { "ลัตเวีย", 9078, "bat-eas", "Latn", strip_diacritics = { -- This attempts to convert vowels with tone marks to vowels either with or without macrons. Specifically, there should be no macrons if the vowel is part of a diphthong (including resonant diphthongs such pìrksts -> pirksts not #pīrksts). What we do is first convert the vowel + tone mark to a vowel + tilde in a decomposed fashion, then remove the tilde in diphthongs, then convert the remaining vowel + tilde sequences to macroned vowels, then delete any other tilde. We leave already-macroned vowels alone: Both e.g. ar and ār occur before consonants. FIXME: This still might not be sufficient. from = {"([Ee])" .. c.cedilla, "[" .. c.grave .. c.circ .. c.tilde .."]", "([aAeEiIoOuU])" .. c.tilde .."?([lrnmuiLRNMUI])" .. c.tilde .. "?([^aAeEiIoOuU])", "([aAeEiIoOuU])" .. c.tilde .."?([lrnmuiLRNMUI])" .. c.tilde .."?$", "([iI])" .. c.tilde .. "?([eE])" .. c.tilde .. "?", "([aAeEiIuU])" .. c.tilde, c.tilde}, to = {"%1", c.tilde, "%1%2%3", "%1%2", "%1%2", "%1" .. c.macron} }, sort_key = { from = {"ā", "č", "ē", "ģ", "ī", "ķ", "ļ", "ņ", "š", "ū", "ž"}, to = {"a" .. p[1], "c" .. p[1], "e" .. p[1], "g" .. p[1], "i" .. p[1], "k" .. p[1], "l" .. p[1], "n" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "u" .. p[1], "z" .. p[1]} }, standard_chars = "AaĀāBbCcČčDdEeĒēFfGgĢģHhIiĪīJjKkĶķLlĻļMmNnŅņOoPpRrSsŠšTtUuŪūVvZzŽž" .. c.punc, } m["mg"] = { "มาลากาซี", 7930, "poz-bre", "Latn, Arab", } m["mh"] = { "มาร์แชลล์", 36280, "poz-mic", "Latn", sort_key = { from = {"ā", "ļ", "m̧", "ņ", "n̄", "o̧", "ō", "ū"}, to = {"a" .. p[1], "l" .. p[1], "m" .. p[1], "n" .. p[1], "n" .. p[2], "o" .. p[1], "o" .. p[2], "u" .. p[1]} }, } m["mi"] = { "มาวรี", 36451, "poz-pep", "Latn", sort_key = { remove_diacritics = c.macron, from = {"ng", "wh"}, to = {"n" .. p[1], "w" .. p[1]} }, } m["mk"] = { "มาซิโดเนีย", 9296, "zls", "Cyrl, Polyt", ancestors = "cu", translit = { Cyrl = "mk-translit", -- FIXME: formerly no translit specified for Polyt; unclear if the default [[Module:grc-translit]] is -- acceptable, so we disable it for now Polyt = false, }, strip_diacritics = { Cyrl = { remove_diacritics = c.acute, remove_exceptions = {"Ѓ", "ѓ", "Ќ", "ќ"} }, }, sort_key = { Cyrl = { remove_diacritics = c.grave, remove_exceptions = {"ѓ", "ќ"}, from = {"ѓ", "ѕ", "ј", "љ", "њ", "ќ", "џ"}, to = {"д" .. p[1], "з" .. p[1], "и" .. p[1], "л" .. p[1], "н" .. p[1], "т" .. p[1], "ч" .. p[1]} }, }, -- Polyt display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] standard_chars = { Cyrl = "АаБбВвГгДдЃѓЕеЖжЗзЅѕИиЈјКкЛлЉљМмНнЊњОоПпРрСсТтЌќУуФфХхЦцЧчЏџШш", c.punc }, } m["ml"] = { "มลยาฬัม", 36236, "dra-mal", "Mlym", override_translit = true, -- Mlym translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["mn"] = { "มองโกเลีย", 9246, "xgn-cen", "Cyrl, Mong, Latn, Brai", ancestors = "cmg", translit = { Cyrl = "mn-translit", -- Mong translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] }, override_translit = true, -- Mong display_text and strip_diacritics in [[Module:scripts/data]] strip_diacritics = { Cyrl = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute}, }, sort_key = { Cyrl = { remove_diacritics = c.grave, from = {"ё", "ө", "ү"}, to = {"е" .. p[1], "о" .. p[1], "у" .. p[1]} }, }, standard_chars = { Cyrl = "АаБбВвГгДдЕеЁёЖжЗзИиЙйЛлМмНнОоӨөРрСсТтУуҮүХхЦцЧчШшЫыЬьЭэЮюЯя—", Brai = c.braille, c.punc }, } -- "mo" is treated as "ro", see [[WT:LT]] m["mr"] = { "มราฐี", 1571, "inc-sou", "Deva, Modi", ancestors = "omr", translit = { Deva = "Deva-translit", Modi = "Modi-translit", }, strip_diacritics = { Deva = { from = {"च़", "ज़", "झ़"}, to = {"च", "ज", "झ"} }, }, } m["ms"] = { "มาเลเซีย", 9237, "poz-mly", "Latn, Arab", ancestors = "ms-cla", standard_chars = { Latn = "AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZz", c.punc }, } m["mt"] = { "มอลตา", 9166, "sem-arb", "Latn", display_text = { from = {"'"}, to = {"’"} }, strip_diacritics = { from = {"’"}, to = {"'"}, }, ancestors = "sqr", sort_key = { from = { "ċ", "ġ", "ż", -- Convert into PUA so that decomposed form does not get caught by the next step. "([cgz])", -- Ensure "c" comes after "ċ", "g" comes after "ġ" and "z" comes after "ż". "g" .. p[1] .. "ħ", -- "għ" after initial conversion of "g". p[3], p[4], "ħ", "ie", p[5] -- Convert "ċ", "ġ", "ħ", "ie", "ż" into final output. }, to = { p[3], p[4], p[5], "%1" .. p[1], "g" .. p[2], "c", "g", "h" .. p[1], "i" .. p[1], "z" } }, } m["my"] = { "พม่า", 9228, "tbq-brm", "Mymr", ancestors = "obr", translit = "my-translit", override_translit = true, sort_key = { from = {"ျ", "ြ", "ွ", "ှ", "ဿ"}, to = {"္ယ", "္ရ", "္ဝ", "္ဟ", "သ္သ"} }, } m["na"] = { "นาอูรู", 13307, "poz-mic", "Latn", } m["nb"] = { "นอร์เวย์แบบบุ๊กมอล", 25167, "gmq", "Latn", wikimedia_codes = "no", ancestors = "gmq-mno, da", -- da as an (but not the) ancestor of nb was agreed on - do not change without discussion sort_key = s["no-sortkey"], standard_chars = s["no-standardchars"], } m["nd"] = { "Northern Ndebele", 35613, "bnt-ngu", "Latn", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.macron .. c.caron}, } m["ne"] = { "เนปาล", 33823, "inc-pae", "Deva, Newa", translit = { Deva = "Deva-translit", Newa = "Newa-translit", }, } m["ng"] = { "Ndonga", 33900, "bnt-ova", "Latn", } m["nl"] = { "ดัตช์", 7411, "gmw-frk", "Latn, Brai", ancestors = "dum", sort_key = { Latn = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.tilde .. c.diaer .. c.ringabove .. c.cedilla .. "'"}, }, standard_chars = { Latn = "AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZzÄäËëÏïÖöÜü", Brai = c.braille, c.punc }, } m["nn"] = { "นอร์เวย์แบบนือนอสก์", 25164, "gmq-wes", "Latn", ancestors = "gmq-mno", strip_diacritics = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute, }, sort_key = s["no-sortkey"], standard_chars = s["no-standardchars"], } m["no"] = { "นอร์เวย์", 9043, "gmq-wes", "Latn", ancestors = "gmq-mno", sort_key = s["no-sortkey"], standard_chars = s["no-standardchars"], } m["nr"] = { "Southern Ndebele", 36785, "bnt-ngu", "Latn", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.macron .. c.caron}, } m["nv"] = { "นาวาโฮ", 13310, "apa", "Latn, Brai", sort_key = { remove_diacritics = c.acute .. c.ogonek, from = { "chʼ", "tłʼ", "tsʼ", -- 3 chars "ch", "dl", "dz", "gh", "hw", "kʼ", "kw", "sh", "tł", "ts", "zh", -- 2 chars "ł", "ʼ" -- 1 char }, to = { "c" .. p[2], "t" .. p[2], "t" .. p[4], "c" .. p[1], "d" .. p[1], "d" .. p[2], "g" .. p[1], "h" .. p[1], "k" .. p[1], "k" .. p[2], "s" .. p[1], "t" .. p[1], "t" .. p[3], "z" .. p[1], "l" .. p[1], "z" .. p[2] } }, } m["ny"] = { "เจวา", 33273, "bnt-nys", "Latn", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.acute .. c.circ}, sort_key = { from = {"ng'"}, to = {"ng"} }, } m["oc"] = { "อุตซิตา", 14185, "roa-ocr", "Latn, Hebr", ancestors = "pro", sort_key = { Latn = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.diaer .. c.cedilla, from = {"([lns])·h"}, to = {"%1h"} }, }, -- Hebr display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["oj"] = { "โอจิบเว", 33875, "alg", "Cans, Latn", sort_key = { Latn = { from = {"aa", "ʼ", "ii", "oo", "sh", "zh"}, to = {"a" .. p[1], "h" .. p[1], "i" .. p[1], "o" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "z" .. p[1]} }, }, } m["om"] = { "ออโรโม", 33864, "cus-eas", "Latn, Ethi", } m["or"] = { "โอริยา", 33810, "inc-eas", "Orya", ancestors = "inc-mor", translit = "Orya-translit", } m["os"] = { "ออสซีเซีย", 33968, "xsc-sar", "Cyrl, Geor, Latn", ancestors = "oos", translit = { Cyrl = "os-translit", -- Geor translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] }, override_translit = true, display_text = { Cyrl = { from = {"æ", "Æ"}, to = {"ӕ", "Ӕ"} }, Latn = { from = {"ӕ", "Ӕ"}, to = {"æ", "Æ"} }, }, strip_diacritics = { Cyrl = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute, from = {"æ", "Æ"}, to = {"ӕ", "Ӕ"} }, Latn = { from = {"ӕ", "Ӕ"}, to = {"æ", "Æ"} }, }, sort_key = { Cyrl = { from = {"ӕ", "гъ", "дж", "дз", "ё", "къ", "пъ", "тъ", "хъ", "цъ", "чъ"}, to = {"а" .. p[1], "г" .. p[1], "д" .. p[1], "д" .. p[2], "е" .. p[1], "к" .. p[1], "п" .. p[1], "т" .. p[1], "х" .. p[1], "ц" .. p[1], "ч" .. p[1]} }, }, } m["pa"] = { "ปัญจาบ", 58635, "inc-pan", "Guru, Aran", translit = { Guru = "Guru-translit", Aran = "pa-Aran-translit", }, strip_diacritics = { Aran = { remove_diacritics = c.fathatan .. c.dammatan .. c.kasratan .. c.fatha .. c.damma .. c.kasra .. c.shadda .. c.sukun .. c.nunghunna, from = {"ݨ", "ࣇ"}, to = {"ن", "ل"} }, }, } m["pi"] = { "บาลี", 36727, "inc-mid", "Latn, Brah, Deva, Beng, Sinh, Mymr, Thai, Lana, Laoo, Khmr, Cakm", --and also Khom ancestors = "sa", translit = { -- Brah translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] Deva = "Deva-translit", Beng = "Beng-translit", Sinh = "Sinh-translit", Mymr = "Mymr-translit", --Thai = "pi-translit", Lana = "Lana-translit", Laoo = "Laoo-translit", Khmr = "Khmr-translit", Cakm = "Cakm-translit", }, strip_diacritics = { Thai = { from = {"ึ", u(0xF700), u(0xF70F)}, -- FIXME: Not clear what's going on with the PUA characters here. to = {"ิํ", "ฐ", "ญ"} }, Mymr = { remove_diacritics = c.VS01, }, }, sort_key = { -- FIXME: This needs to be converted into the current standardized format. from = {"ā", "ī", "ū", "ḍ", "ḷ", "m[" .. c.dotabove .. c.dotbelow .. "]", "ṅ", "ñ", "ṇ", "ṭ", "ॐ", "([เโ])([ก-ฮ])", "([ເໂ])([ກ-ຮ])", "ᩔ", "ᩕ", "ᩖ", "ᩘ", "([ᨭ-ᨱ])ᩛ", "([ᨷ-ᨾ])ᩛ", "ᩤ", u(0xFE00), u(0x200D)}, to = {"a~", "i~", "u~", "d~", "l~", "m~", "n~", "n~~", "n~~~", "t~", "ओँ", "%2%1", "%2%1", "ᩈ᩠ᩈ", "᩠ᩁ", "᩠ᩃ", "ᨦ᩠", "%1᩠ᨮ", "%1᩠ᨻ", "ᩣ"} }, } m["pl"] = { "โปแลนด์", 809, "zlw-lch", "Latn", ancestors = "zlw-mpl", sort_key = { from = {"ą", "ć", "ę", "ł", "ń", "ó", "ś", "ź", "ż"}, to = {"a" .. p[1], "c" .. p[1], "e" .. p[1], "l" .. p[1], "n" .. p[1], "o" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "z" .. p[1], "z" .. p[2]} }, standard_chars = "AaĄąBbCcĆćDdEeĘęFfGgHhIiJjKkLlŁłMmNnŃńOoÓóPpRrSsŚśTtUuWwYyZzŹźŻż" .. c.punc, } m["ps"] = { "ปาทาน", 58680, "ira-pat", "Arab", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.fathatan .. c.dammatan .. c.kasratan .. c.fatha .. c.damma .. c.kasra .. c.shadda .. c.sukun .. c.zwarakay .. c.superalef}, } m["pt"] = { "โปรตุเกส", 5146, "roa-gap", "Latn, Brai", sort_key = { Latn = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.tilde .. c.macron .. c.diaer .. c.cedilla, from = {"ª", "æ", "º", "œ"}, to = {"a", "ae", "o", "oe"} }, }, standard_chars = { Latn = "AaÁáÂâÃãBbCcÇçDdEeÉéÊêFfGgHhIiÍíJjLlMmNnOoÓóÔôÕõPpQqRrSsTtUuÚúVvXxZz", Brai = c.braille, c.punc }, } m["qu"] = { "เกชัว", 5218, "qwe", "Latn", } m["rm"] = { "รูมันช์", 13199, "roa-rhe", ancestors = "rm-old", "Latn", sort_key = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.diaer .. c.small_e}, } m["ro"] = { "โรมาเนีย", 7913, "roa-eas", "Latn, Cyrl, Cyrs", translit = { Cyrl = "ro-translit" }, display_text = { Latn = { from = {"'", "ţ", "Ţ"}, to = {"’", "ț", "Ț"} }, }, strip_diacritics = { Latn = { from = {"’", "ţ", "Ţ"}, to = {"'", "ț", "Ț"} }, }, sort_key = { Latn = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute, from = {"ă", "â", "î", "ș", "[țţ]"}, to = {"a" .. p[1], "a" .. p[2], "i" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "t" .. p[1]} }, Cyrl = { from = {"ӂ"}, to = {"ж" .. p[1]} }, }, -- Cyrs strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]]; presumably not present standard_chars = { Latn = "AaĂăÂâBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiÎîJjLlMmNnOoPpRrSsȘșTtȚțUuVvXxZz", Cyrl = "АаБбВвГгДдЕеЖжӁӂЗзИиЙйКкЛлМмНнОоПпРрСсТтУуФфХхЦцЧчШшЫыЬьЭэЮюЯя", c.punc }, } m["ru"] = { "รัสเซีย", 7737, "zle", "Cyrl, Brai", ancestors = "zle-mru", translit = { Cyrl = "ru-translit-Thai" }, display_text = { Cyrl = { from = {"'"}, to = {"’"} }, }, strip_diacritics = { Cyrl = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.diaer, remove_exceptions = {"Ё", "ё", "Ѣ̈", "ѣ̈", "Я̈", "я̈"}, from = {"’"}, to = {"'"}, }, }, sort_key = { Cyrl = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.diaer, from = { "і", "ѣ", "ѳ", "ѵ" }, to = { "и" .. p[1], "ь" .. p[1], "я" .. p[2], "я" .. p[3] } }, }, standard_chars = { Cyrl = "АаБбВвГгДдЕеЁёЖжЗзИиЙйКкЛлМмНнОоПпРрСсТтУуФфХхЦцЧчШшЩщЪъЫыЬьЭэЮюЯя—", Brai = c.braille, (c.punc:gsub("'", "")) -- Exclude apostrophe. }, } m["rw"] = { "รวันดา-รุนดี", 3217514, "bnt-glb", "Latn", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.acute .. c.circ .. c.macron .. c.caron}, } m["sa"] = { "สันสกฤต", 11059, "inc", "as-Beng, Bali, Beng, Bhks, Brah, Mymr, xwo-Mong, Deva, Gujr, Guru, Gran, Hani, Java, Kthi, Knda, Kawi, Khar, Khmr, Laoo, Mlym, mnc-Mong, Marc, Modi, Mong, Nand, Newa, Orya, Phag, Ranj, Saur, Shrd, Sidd, Sinh, Soyo, Lana, Takr, Taml, Tang, Telu, Thai, Tibt, Tutg, Tirh, Zanb", --and also Khom; script codes sorted by canonical name rather than code for [[MOD:sa-convert]] translit = { Beng = "Beng-translit", ["as-Beng"] = "Beng-translit", -- Brah translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] Deva = "Deva-translit", Gujr = "Gujr-translit", Guru = "Guru-translit", Java = "Java-translit", Kthi = "Kthi-translit", Khmr = "Khmr-translit", Knda = "Knda-translit", Lana = "Lana-translit", Laoo = "Laoo-translit", Mlym = "Mlym-translit", Modi = "Modi-translit", -- Mong, mnc-Mong, xwo-Mong translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] -- NOTE: Formerly used xal-translit for transliterating xwo-Mong but that only handles Cyrillic; it has -- code to transliterate xwo-Mong but it's broken so I've replaced it with the default xwo-translit. Mymr = "Mymr-translit", Orya = "Orya-translit", -- Shrd translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] -- Sidd translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] Sinh = "Sinh-translit", Taml = "Taml-translit", Telu = "Telu-translit", --Thai = "pi-translit", -- Tibt translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] }, -- Mong display_text and strip_diacritics in [[Module:scripts/data]] -- Tibt display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] strip_diacritics = { Deva = s["sa-Deva-stripdiacritics"], Mymr = { remove_diacritics = c.VS01, }, Thai = { from = {"ึ", u(0xF700), u(0xF70F)}, -- FIXME: Not clear what's going on with the PUA characters here. to = {"ิํ", "ฐ", "ญ"} }, }, sort_key = { Deva = s["sa-Deva-stripdiacritics"], -- until we have a proper Sanskrit sorting algorithm. Lana = { -- Tai Tham from = {"ᩔ", "ᩕ", "ᩖ", "ᩘ", "([ᨭ-ᨱ])ᩛ", "([ᨷ-ᨾ])ᩛ", "ᩤ"}, to = {"ᩈ᩠ᩈ", "᩠ᩁ", "᩠ᩃ", "ᨦ᩠", "%1᩠ᨮ", "%1᩠ᨻ", "ᩣ"}, }, --Laoo = "Laoo-sortkey", Latn = { from = {"ā", "ī", "ū", "ḍ", "ḷ", "ḹ", "m[" .. c.dotabove .. c.dotbelow .. "]", "ṅ", "ñ", "ṇ", "ṛ", "ṝ", "ś", "ṣ", "ṭ"}, to = {"a~", "i~", "u~", "d~", "l~", "l~~", "m~", "n~", "n~~", "n~~~", "r~", "r~~", "s~", "s~~", "t~"}, }, Mymr = { remove_diacritics = c.VS01, }, --Thai = "Thai-sortkey", -- FIXME: The previous sort key which mixed all scripts removed ZWJ; I don't know which script(s) this was -- intended for and there are no other languages which remove it in the sort key AFAIK. If it needs to be -- removed, specify the script(s) it needs to be removed under or add handling for the "all" script that applies -- regardless of script. --all = { -- remove_diacritics = c.ZWJ, --}, }, } m["sc"] = { "ซาร์ดิเนีย", 33976, "roa-sou", "Latn", ancestors = "sc-old", } m["sd"] = { "สินธ์", 33997, "inc-snd", "Arab, Deva, Sind, Khoj", translit = { Deva = "Deva-translit", Sind = "Sind-translit", Arab = "sd-Arab-translit" }, strip_diacritics = { Arab = { remove_diacritics = c.kashida .. c.fathatan .. c.dammatan .. c.kasratan .. c.fatha .. c.damma .. c.kasra .. c.shadda .. c.sukun .. c.superalef, from = {"ٱ"}, to = {"ا"} }, }, } m["se"] = { "ซามีเหนือ", 33947, "smi", "Latn", display_text = { from = {"'"}, to = {"ˈ"} }, strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.macron .. c.dotbelow .. "'ˈ"}, sort_key = { from = {"á", "č", "đ", "ŋ", "š", "ŧ", "ž"}, to = {"a" .. p[1], "c" .. p[1], "d" .. p[1], "n" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "t" .. p[1], "z" .. p[1]} }, standard_chars = "AaÁáBbCcČčDdĐđEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnŊŋOoPpRrSsŠšTtŦŧUuVvZzŽž" .. c.punc, } m["sg"] = { "ซังโก", 33954, "crp", "Latn", ancestors = "ngb", } m["sh"] = { "เซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย", 9301, "zls", "Latn, Cyrl, Glag, Arab", ietf_subtag = "hbs", -- ISO 639-3 code, since "sh" is deprecated from ISO 639-1 wikimedia_codes = "sh, bs, hr, sr", strip_diacritics = { Latn = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.tilde .. c.macron .. c.dgrave .. c.invbreve, remove_exceptions = {"Ć", "ć", "Ś", "ś", "Ź", "ź"} }, Cyrl = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.tilde .. c.macron .. c.dgrave .. c.invbreve, remove_exceptions = {"З́", "з́", "С́", "с́"} }, }, sort_key = { Latn = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.tilde .. c.macron .. c.dgrave .. c.invbreve, remove_exceptions = {"ć", "ś", "ź"}, from = {"č", "ć", "dž", "đ", "lj", "nj", "š", "ś", "ž", "ź"}, to = {"c" .. p[1], "c" .. p[2], "d" .. p[1], "d" .. p[2], "l" .. p[1], "n" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "s" .. p[2], "z" .. p[1], "z" .. p[2]} }, Cyrl = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.tilde .. c.macron .. c.dgrave .. c.invbreve, remove_exceptions = {"з́", "с́"}, from = {"ђ", "з́", "ј", "љ", "њ", "с́", "ћ", "џ"}, to = {"д" .. p[1], "з" .. p[1], "и" .. p[1], "л" .. p[1], "н" .. p[1], "с" .. p[1], "т" .. p[1], "ч" .. p[1]} }, }, standard_chars = { Latn = "AaBbCcČčĆćDdĐđEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpRrSsŠšTtUuVvZzŽž", Cyrl = "АаБбВвГгДдЂђЕеЖжЗзИиЈјКкЛлЉљМмНнЊњОоПпРрСсТтЋћУуФфХхЦцЧчЏџШш", c.punc }, } m["si"] = { "สิงหล", 13267, "inc-ins", "Sinh", translit = "Sinh-translit", override_translit = true, } m["sk"] = { "สโลวัก", 9058, "zlw", "Latn", ancestors = "zlw-osk", sort_key = {remove_diacritics = c.acute .. c.circ .. c.diaer .. c.caron}, standard_chars = "AaÁáÄäBbCcČčDdĎďEeÉéFfGgHhIiÍíJjKkLlĹ弾MmNnŇňOoÓóÔôPpRrŔŕSsŠšTtŤťUuÚúVvYyÝýZzŽž" .. c.punc, } m["sl"] = { "สโลวีเนีย", 9063, "zls", "Latn", strip_diacritics = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.macron .. c.dgrave .. c.invbreve .. c.dotbelow, remove_exceptions = {"Ć", "ć", "Ǵ", "ǵ", "Ś", "ś", "Ź", "ź"}, from = {"Ə", "ə", "Ł", "ł"}, to = {"E", "e", "L", "l"}, }, sort_key = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.tilde .. c.macron .. c.dotabove .. c.ringabove .. c.dgrave .. c.invbreve .. c.dotbelow .. c.ringbelow .. c.ogonek, remove_exceptions = {"ć", "ǵ", "ś", "ź"}, from = {"ä", "č", "ć", "đ", "ə", "ë", "ǧ", "ǵ", "ï", "ł", "ö", "š", "ś", "ü", "ž", "ź"}, to = {"a" .. p[1], "c" .. p[1], "c" .. p[2], "d" .. p[1], "e", "e" .. p[1], "g" .. p[1], "g" .. p[2], "i" .. p[1], "l", "o" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "s" .. p[2], "u" .. p[1], "z" .. p[1], "z" .. p[2]}, }, standard_chars = "AaBbCcČčDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpRrSsŠšTtUuVvZzŽž" .. c.punc, } m["sm"] = { "ซามัว", 34011, "poz-pnp", "Latn", } m["sn"] = { "โชนา", 34004, "bnt-sho", "Latn", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.acute}, } m["so"] = { "โซมาลี", 13275, "cus-som", "Latn, Arab, Osma", strip_diacritics = { Latn = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ} }, } m["sq"] = { "แอลเบเนีย", 8748, "sqj", "Latn, Grek, Arab, Elba, Todr, Vith", translit = { Elba = "Elba-translit", Vith = "Vith-translit", }, -- Grek display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] strip_diacritics = { Latn = { remove_diacritics = c.acute .. c.circ .. c.macron, from = {'^[ie] (%w)', '^të (%w)'}, to = {'%1', '%1'}, }, }, sort_key = { Latn = { remove_diacritics = c.acute .. c.circ .. c.macron .. c.tilde .. c.breve .. c.caron, from = {'^[ie] (%w)', '^të (%w)', 'ç', 'dh', 'ë', 'gj', 'll', 'nj', 'rr', 'sh', 'th', 'xh', 'zh'}, to = {'%1', '%1', 'c'..p[1], 'd'..p[1], 'e'..p[1], 'g'..p[1], 'l'..p[1], 'n'..p[1], 'r'..p[1], 's'..p[1], 't'..p[1], 'x'..p[1], 'z'..p[1]}, } -- TODO: Grek if the default sort key is unsuitable }, standard_chars = { Latn = "AaBbCcÇçDdEeËëFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvXxYyZz", c.punc }, } m["ss"] = { "สวาซี", 34014, "bnt-ngu", "Latn", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.macron .. c.caron}, } m["st"] = { "ซูทู", 34340, "bnt-sts", "Latn", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.macron .. c.caron}, } m["su"] = { "ซุนดา", 34002, "poz-msa", "Latn, Sund, Arab", ancestors = "osn", translit = { Sund = "Sund-translit" }, } m["sv"] = { "สวีเดน", 9027, "gmq-eas", "Latn", ancestors = "gmq-osw-lat", sort_key = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.tilde .. c.macron .. c.dacute .. c.caron .. c.cedilla .. "':", remove_exceptions = {"å"}, from = {"ø", "æ", "œ", "ß", "ꜩ", "å", "aͤ", "oͤ"}, to = {"ö", "ae", "oe", "ss", "tz", "z" .. p[1], "ä", "ö"} }, standard_chars = "AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpRrSsTtUuVvXxYyÅåÄäÖö" .. c.punc, } m["sw"] = { "สวาฮีลี", 7838, "bnt-swh", "Latn, Arab", sort_key = { Latn = { from = {"ng'"}, to = {"ng" .. p[1]} }, }, } m["ta"] = { "ทมิฬ", 5885, "dra-tam", "Taml", ancestors = "ta-mid", translit = "Taml-translit", override_translit = true, } m["te"] = { "เตลูกู", 8097, "dra-tel", "Telu", translit = "Telu-translit", override_translit = true, } m["tg"] = { "ทาจิก", 9260, "ira-swi", "Cyrl, Arab, Latn", ancestors = "fa-cls", translit = { Cyrl = "tg-translit" }, override_translit = true, strip_diacritics = { Cyrl = s["tg-stripdiacritics"], Latn = s["tg-stripdiacritics"], }, sort_key = { Cyrl = { from = {"ғ", "ё", "ӣ", "қ", "ӯ", "ҳ", "ҷ"}, to = {"г" .. p[1], "е" .. p[1], "и" .. p[1], "к" .. p[1], "у" .. p[1], "х" .. p[1], "ч" .. p[1]} }, }, } m["th"] = { "ไทย", 9217, "tai-swe", "Thai, Khomt, Brai", ancestors = "th-old", --translit = { -- Thai = "th-translit" --}, --sort_key = { -- Thai = "Thai-sortkey" --}, } m["ti"] = { "ทือกรึญญา", 34124, "sem-eth", "Ethi", translit = "Ethi-translit", } m["tk"] = { "เติร์กเมน", 9267, "trk-ogz", "Latn, Cyrl, Arab", strip_diacritics = { Latn = s["tk-stripdiacritics"], Cyrl = s["tk-stripdiacritics"], }, sort_key = { Latn = { from = {"ç", "ä", "ž", "ň", "ö", "ş", "ü", "ý"}, to = {"c" .. p[1], "e" .. p[1], "j" .. p[1], "n" .. p[1], "o" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "u" .. p[1], "y" .. p[1]} }, Cyrl = { from = {"ё", "җ", "ң", "ө", "ү", "ә"}, to = {"е" .. p[1], "ж" .. p[1], "н" .. p[1], "о" .. p[1], "у" .. p[1], "э" .. p[1]} }, }, ancestors = "trk-eog", } m["tl"] = { "ตากาล็อก", 34057, "phi", "Latn, Tglg", translit = { Tglg = "tl-translit" }, override_translit = true, strip_diacritics = { Latn = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ} }, standard_chars = { Latn = "AaBbKkDdEeGgHhIiLlMmNnOoPpRrSsTtUuWwYy", c.punc }, sort_key = { Latn = "tl-sortkey", }, } m["tn"] = { "สวานา", 34137, "bnt-sts", "Latn", } m["to"] = { "ตองงา", 34094, "poz-ton", "Latn", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.acute}, sort_key = {remove_diacritics = c.macron}, } m["tr"] = { "ตุรกี", 256, "trk-ogz", "Latn", ancestors = "ota", dotted_dotless_i = true, sort_key = { from = { -- Ignore circumflex, but account for capital Î wrongly becoming ı + circ due to dotted dotless I logic. "ı" .. c.circ, c.circ, "i", -- Ensure "i" comes after "ı". "ç", "ğ", "ı", "ö", "ş", "ü" }, to = { "i", "", "i" .. p[1], "c" .. p[1], "g" .. p[1], "i", "o" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "u" .. p[1] } }, standard_chars = "AaÂâBbCcÇçDdEeFfGgĞğHhIıİiÎîJjKkLlMmNnOoÖöPpRrSsŞşTtUuÛûÜüVvYyZz" .. c.punc, } m["ts"] = { "Tsonga", 34327, "bnt-tsr", "Latn", } m["tt"] = { "ตาตาร์", 25285, "trk-kbu", "Cyrl, Latn, Arab", translit = { Cyrl = "tt-translit", Arab = "tt-translit" }, --override_translit = true, -- enable override until Module code can detect Russian loans such as [[аэропорт]] dotted_dotless_i = true, sort_key = { Cyrl = { from = {"ә", "ў", "ғ", "ё", "җ", "қ", "ң", "ө", "ү", "һ"}, to = {"а" .. p[1], "в" .. p[1], "г" .. p[1], "е" .. p[1], "ж" .. p[1], "к" .. p[1], "н" .. p[1], "о" .. p[1], "у" .. p[1], "х" .. p[1]} }, Latn = { from = { "i", -- Ensure "i" comes after "ı". "ä", "ə", "ç", "ğ", "ı", "ñ", "ŋ", "ö", "ɵ", "ş", "ü" }, to = { "i" .. p[1], "a" .. p[1], "a" .. p[2], "c" .. p[1], "g" .. p[1], "i", "n" .. p[1], "n" .. p[2], "o" .. p[1], "o" .. p[2], "s" .. p[1], "u" .. p[1] } }, }, } -- "tw" is treated as "ak", see [[WT:LT]] m["ty"] = { "ตาฮีตี", 34128, "poz-pep", "Latn", } m["ug"] = { "อุยกูร์", 13263, "trk-kar", "Arab, Latn, Cyrl", ancestors = "chg", translit = { Arab = "ug-translit-Thai", Cyrl = "ug-translit-Thai", }, override_translit = true, } m["uk"] = { "ยูเครน", 8798, "zle", "Cyrl", ancestors = "zle-muk", translit = "uk-translit-Thai", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute}, sort_key = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute, from = { "ї", -- 2 chars "ґ", "є", "і" -- 1 char }, to = { "и" .. p[2], "г" .. p[1], "е" .. p[1], "и" .. p[1] } }, standard_chars = "АаБбВвГгДдЕеЄєЖжЗзИиІіЇїЙйКкЛлМмНнОоПпРрСсТтУуФфХхЦцЧчШшЩщЬьЮюЯя" .. c.punc:gsub("'", ""), -- Exclude apostrophe. } m["ur"] = { "อูรดู", 1617, "inc-hnd", "Aran, Hebr", translit = { Aran = "ur-translit" }, strip_diacritics = { Aran = { -- character "ۂ" code U+06C2 to "ه" and "هٔ" (U+0647 + U+0654) to "ه"; hamzatu l-waṣli to a regular alif from = {"هٔ", "ۂ", "ٱ"}, to = {"ہ", "ہ", "ا"}, remove_diacritics = c.fathatan .. c.dammatan .. c.kasratan .. c.fatha .. c.damma .. c.kasra .. c.shadda .. c.sukun .. c.nunghunna .. c.superalef }, }, -- Hebr display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] standard_chars = { Aran = "ایببپتثجچحخدذرزژسشصضطظعغفقکگلࣇڷمنݨوؤہھئٹڈڑآے", c.punc, }, } m["uz"] = { "อุซเบก", 9264, "trk-kar", "Latn, Cyrl, Arab", ancestors = "chg", translit = { Cyrl = "uz-translit" }, sort_key = { Latn = { from = {"oʻ", "gʻ", "sh", "ch", "ng"}, to = {"z" .. p[1], "z" .. p[2], "z" .. p[3], "z" .. p[4], "z" .. p[5]} }, Cyrl = { from = {"ё", "ў", "қ", "ғ", "ҳ"}, to = {"е" .. p[1], "я" .. p[1], "я" .. p[2], "я" .. p[3], "я" .. p[4]} }, }, strip_diacritics = { Arab = "ar-stripdiacritics", }, } m["ve"] = { "เวนดา", 32704, "bnt-bso", "Latn", } m["vi"] = { "เวียดนาม", 9199, "mkh-vie", "Latn, Hani", ancestors = "mkh-mvi", --translit = {Latn = "vi-translit"}, -- already handled in Module:headword & Module:links sort_key = { Latn = "vi-sortkey", Hani = "Hani-sortkey", }, } m["vo"] = { "โวลาปุก", 36986, "art", "Latn", } m["wa"] = { "วัลลูน", 34219, "roa-oil", "Latn", sort_key = s["roa-oil-sortkey"], } m["wo"] = { "โวลอฟ", 34257, "alv-fwo", "Latn, Arab, Gara", } m["xh"] = { "โคซา", 13218, "bnt-ngu", "Latn", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.macron .. c.caron}, } m["yi"] = { "ยิดดิช", 8641, "gmw-hgm", "Hebr, Latn", ancestors = "gmh", translit = { Hebr = "yi-translit", }, -- Hebr display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["yo"] = { "โยรูบา", 34311, "alv-yor", "Latn, Arab", strip_diacritics = { Latn = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.macron} }, sort_key = { Latn = { from = {"ẹ", "ɛ", "gb", "ị", "kp", "ọ", "ɔ", "ṣ", "sh", "ụ"}, to = {"e" .. p[1], "e" .. p[1], "g" .. p[1], "i" .. p[1], "k" .. p[1], "o" .. p[1], "o" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "u" .. p[1]} }, }, } m["za"] = { "จ้วง", 13216, "tai", "Latn, Hani", sort_key = { Latn = "za-sortkey", Hani = "Hani-sortkey", }, } m["zh"] = { "จีน", 7850, "zhx", "Hants, Latn, Bopo, Nshu, Brai", ancestors = "ltc", generate_alternants = "zh-generatealternants", translit = { Hani = "zh-translit", Bopo = "zh-translit", }, sort_key = { Hani = "Hani-sortkey" }, } m["zu"] = { "ซูลู", 10179, "bnt-ngu", "Latn", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.macron .. c.caron}, } return require("Module:languages").finalizeData(m, "language") 6ql8i4s5ii8gplddjfuws0jg1xgrccz 5775764 5775763 2026-10-21T06:13:05Z Octahedron80 267 5775764 Scribunto text/plain local m_langdata = require("Module:languages/data") -- Loaded on demand, as it may not be needed (depending on the data). local function u(...) u = require("Module:string utilities").char return u(...) end local c = m_langdata.chars local p = m_langdata.puaChars local s = m_langdata.shared -- Ideally, we want to move these into [[Module:languages/data]], but because (a) it's necessary to use require on that module, and (b) they're only used in this data module, it's less memory-efficient to do that at the moment. If it becomes possible to use mw.loadData, then these should be moved there. s["de-Latn-sortkey"] = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.diaer .. c.ringabove, from = {"æ", "œ", "ß"}, to = {"ae", "oe", "ss"} } s["de-Latn-standardchars"] = "AaÄäBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoÖöPpQqRrSsẞßTtUuÜüVvWwXxYyZz" s["ka-stripdiacritics"] = {remove_diacritics = c.circ} s["no-sortkey"] = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.tilde .. c.macron .. c.dacute .. c.caron .. c.cedilla, remove_exceptions = {"å"}, from = {"æ", "ø", "å"}, to = {"z" .. p[1], "z" .. p[2], "z" .. p[3]} } s["no-standardchars"] = "AaBbDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpRrSsTtUuVvYyÆæØøÅå" .. c.punc s["sa-Deva-stripdiacritics"] = { -- Don't use remove_diacritics for accent marks, as १ and ३ should also be removed if (and only if) they carry any. from = {"ॐ", "[१३]?[" .. c.anudatta .. c.udatta .. c.dsvarita .. c.tsvarita .. "]+"}, to = {"ओँ"}, } s["tg-stripdiacritics"] = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute} s["tk-stripdiacritics"] = {remove_diacritics = c.macron} local m = {} m["aa"] = { "อาฟาร์", 27811, "cus-eas", "Latn, Ethi", strip_diacritics = { Latn = {remove_diacritics = c.acute}, }, } m["ab"] = { "อับคาเซีย", 5111, "cau-abz", "Cyrl, Geor, Latn", translit = { Cyrl = "ab-translit", -- Geor translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] }, override_translit = true, display_text = { Cyrl = s["cau-Cyrl-displaytext"] }, strip_diacritics = { Cyrl = { remove_diacritics = c.acute, from = {"^а%-"}, to = {"а"}, }, Latn = s["cau-Latn-stripdiacritics"], }, sort_key = { Cyrl = { from = { "х'ә", -- 3 chars "гь", "гә", "ӷь", "ҕь", "ӷә", "ҕә", "дә", "ё", "жь", "жә", "ҙә", "ӡә", "ӡ'", "кь", "кә", "қь", "қә", "ҟь", "ҟә", "ҫә", "тә", "ҭә", "ф'", "хь", "хә", "х'", "ҳә", "ць", "цә", "ц'", "ҵә", "ҵ'", "шь", "шә", "џь", -- 2 chars "ӷ", "ҕ", "ҙ", "ӡ", "қ", "ҟ", "ԥ", "ҧ", "ҫ", "ҭ", "ҳ", "ҵ", "ҷ", "ҽ", "ҿ", "ҩ", "џ", "ә", -- 1 char "^а", }, to = { "х" .. p[4], "г" .. p[1], "г" .. p[2], "г" .. p[5], "г" .. p[6], "г" .. p[7], "г" .. p[8], "д" .. p[1], "е" .. p[1], "ж" .. p[1], "ж" .. p[2], "з" .. p[2], "з" .. p[4], "з" .. p[5], "к" .. p[1], "к" .. p[2], "к" .. p[4], "к" .. p[5], "к" .. p[7], "к" .. p[8], "с" .. p[2], "т" .. p[1], "т" .. p[3], "ф" .. p[1], "х" .. p[1], "х" .. p[2], "х" .. p[3], "х" .. p[6], "ц" .. p[1], "ц" .. p[2], "ц" .. p[3], "ц" .. p[5], "ц" .. p[6], "ш" .. p[1], "ш" .. p[2], "ы" .. p[3], "г" .. p[3], "г" .. p[4], "з" .. p[1], "з" .. p[3], "к" .. p[3], "к" .. p[6], "п" .. p[1], "п" .. p[2], "с" .. p[1], "т" .. p[2], "х" .. p[5], "ц" .. p[4], "ч" .. p[1], "ч" .. p[2], "ч" .. p[3], "ы" .. p[1], "ы" .. p[2], "ь" .. p[1], "", } }, }, } m["ae"] = { "อเวสตะ", 29572, "ira-cen", "Avst, Gujr, Deva", translit = { Avst = "Avst-translit", Gujr = "Gujr-translit", Deva = "Deva-translit", }, } m["af"] = { "อาฟรีกานส์", 14196, "gmw-frk", "Latn, Arab", ancestors = "nl", sort_key = { Latn = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.tilde .. c.diaer .. c.ringabove .. c.cedilla .. "'", from = {"['ʼ]n"}, to = {"n" .. p[1]} } }, } m["ak"] = { "อาคัน", 28026, "alv-ctn", "Latn", } m["am"] = { "อัมฮารา", 28244, "sem-eth", "Ethi", translit = "Ethi-translit", } m["an"] = { "อารากอน", 8765, "roa-nar", "Latn", } m["ar"] = { "อาหรับ", 13955, "sem-arb", "Arab, Hebr, Syrc, Brai, Nbat", translit = { Arab = "ar-translit" }, strip_diacritics = { Arab = "ar-stripdiacritics", }, -- Hebr display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["as"] = { "อัสสัม", 29401, "inc-bas", "as-Beng", ancestors = "inc-mas", translit = "Beng-translit", } m["av"] = { "อะวาร์", 29561, "cau-ava", "Cyrl, Latn, Arab", ancestors = "oav", translit = { Cyrl = "cau-nec-translit", Arab = "ar-translit", }, override_translit = true, display_text = { Cyrl = s["cau-Cyrl-displaytext"], }, strip_diacritics = { Cyrl = s["cau-Cyrl-stripdiacritics"], Latn = s["cau-Latn-stripdiacritics"], }, sort_key = { Cyrl = { from = {"гъ", "гь", "гӏ", "ё", "кк", "къ", "кь", "кӏ", "лъ", "лӏ", "тӏ", "хх", "хъ", "хь", "хӏ", "цӏ", "чӏ"}, to = {"г" .. p[1], "г" .. p[2], "г" .. p[3], "е" .. p[1], "к" .. p[1], "к" .. p[2], "к" .. p[3], "к" .. p[4], "л" .. p[1], "л" .. p[2], "т" .. p[1], "х" .. p[1], "х" .. p[2], "х" .. p[3], "х" .. p[4], "ц" .. p[1], "ч" .. p[1]} }, }, } m["ay"] = { "ไอย์มารา", 4627, "sai-aym", "Latn", } m["az"] = { "อาเซอร์ไบจาน", 9292, "trk-ogz", "Latn, Cyrl, Arab", ancestors = "trk-oat", dotted_dotless_i = true, strip_diacritics = { Latn = { from = {"ʼ"}, to = {"'"}, }, Arab = { module = "ar-stripdiacritics", ["from"] = { "ۆ", "ۇ", "وْ", "ڲ", "ؽ", }, ["to"] = { "و", "و", "و", "گ", "ی", }, }, }, display_text = { Latn = { from = {"'"}, to = {"ʼ"} } }, sort_key = { Latn = { from = { "i", -- Ensure "i" comes after "ı". "ç", "ə", "ğ", "x", "ı", "q", "ö", "ş", "ü", "w" }, to = { "i" .. p[1], "c" .. p[1], "e" .. p[1], "g" .. p[1], "h" .. p[1], "i", "k" .. p[1], "o" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "u" .. p[1], "z" .. p[1] } }, Cyrl = { from = {"ғ", "ә", "ы", "ј", "ҝ", "ө", "ү", "һ", "ҹ"}, to = {"г" .. p[1], "е" .. p[1], "и" .. p[1], "и" .. p[2], "к" .. p[1], "о" .. p[1], "у" .. p[1], "х" .. p[1], "ч" .. p[1]} }, }, } m["ba"] = { "แบชเคียร์", 13389, "trk-kbu", "Cyrl", translit = "ba-translit", override_translit = true, sort_key = { from = {"ғ", "ҙ", "ё", "ҡ", "ң", "ө", "ҫ", "ү", "һ", "ә"}, to = {"г" .. p[1], "д" .. p[1], "е" .. p[1], "к" .. p[1], "н" .. p[1], "о" .. p[1], "с" .. p[1], "у" .. p[1], "х" .. p[1], "э" .. p[1]} }, } m["be"] = { "เบลารุส", 9091, "zle", "Cyrl, Latn", ancestors = "zle-mbe", translit = { Cyrl = "be-translit-Thai", }, strip_diacritics = { Cyrl = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute, }, Latn = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute, remove_exceptions = {"Ć", "ć", "Ń", "ń", "Ś", "ś", "Ź", "ź"}, }, }, sort_key = { Cyrl = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute, from = {"ґ", "ё", "і", "ў"}, to = {"г" .. p[1], "е" .. p[1], "и" .. p[1], "у" .. p[1]} }, Latn = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute, remove_exceptions = {"ć", "ń", "ś", "ź"}, from = {"ć", "č", "dz", "dź", "dž", "ch", "ł", "ń", "ś", "š", "ŭ", "ź", "ž"}, to = {"c" .. p[1], "c" .. p[2], "d" .. p[1], "d" .. p[2], "d" .. p[3], "h" .. p[1], "l" .. p[1], "n" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "s" .. p[2], "u" .. p[1], "z" .. p[1], "z" .. p[2]} }, }, standard_chars = { Cyrl = "АаБбВвГгДдЕеЁёЖжЗзІіЙйКкЛлМмНнОоПпРрСсТтУуЎўФфХхЦцЧчШшЫыЬьЭэЮюЯя", Latn = "AaBbCcĆćČčDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlŁłMmNnŃńOoPpRrSsŚśŠšTtUuŬŭVvYyZzŹźŽž", (c.punc:gsub("'", "")) -- Exclude apostrophe. }, } m["bg"] = { "บัลแกเรีย", 7918, "zls", "Cyrl", ancestors = "cu-bgm", translit = "bg-translit", strip_diacritics = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute, remove_exceptions = {"%f[^%z%s]ѝ%f[%z%s]"}, }, sort_key = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute, remove_exceptions = {"%f[^%z%s]ѝ%f[%z%s]"}, }, standard_chars = "АаБбВвГгДдЕеЖжЗзИиЙйКкЛлМмНнОоПпРрСсТтУуФфХхЦцЧчШшЩщЪъЬьЮюЯя" .. c.punc, } m["bh"] = { "พิหาร", 135305, "inc-eas", "Deva", translit = "Deva-translit", } m["bi"] = { "บิสลามา", 35452, "crp", "Latn", ancestors = "en", } m["bm"] = { "บัมบารา", 33243, "dmn-emn", "Latn, Nkoo", sort_key = { Latn = { from = {"ɛ", "ɲ", "ŋ", "ɔ"}, to = {"e" .. p[1], "n" .. p[1], "n" .. p[2], "o" .. p[1]} }, }, } m["bn"] = { "เบงกอล", 9610, "inc-bas", "Beng, Newa", ancestors = "inc-mbn", translit = { Beng = "Beng-translit" }, } m["bo"] = { "ทิเบต", 34271, "sit-tib", "Tibt", -- sometimes Deva? ancestors = "xct", override_translit = true, -- Tibt translit, display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["br"] = { "เบรอตง", 12107, "cel-brs", "Latn", ancestors = "xbm", sort_key = { from = {"ch", "c['ʼ’]h"}, to = {"c" .. p[1], "c" .. p[2]} }, } m["ca"] = { "กาตาลา", 7026, "roa-ocr", "Latn", ancestors = "roa-oca", sort_key = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.diaer .. c.cedilla .. "·"}, standard_chars = "AaÀàBbCcÇçDdEeÉéÈèFfGgHhIiÍíÏïJjLlMmNnOoÓóÒòPpQqRrSsTtUuÚúÜüVvXxYyZz·" .. c.punc, } m["ce"] = { "เชเชน", 33350, "cau-vay", "Cyrl, Latn, Arab", translit = { Cyrl = "cau-nec-translit", Arab = "ar-translit", }, override_translit = true, display_text = { Cyrl = s["cau-Cyrl-displaytext"] }, strip_diacritics = { Cyrl = s["cau-Cyrl-stripdiacritics"], Latn = s["cau-Latn-stripdiacritics"], }, sort_key = { Cyrl = { from = {"аь", "гӏ", "ё", "кх", "къ", "кӏ", "оь", "пӏ", "тӏ", "уь", "хь", "хӏ", "цӏ", "чӏ", "юь", "яь"}, to = {"а" .. p[1], "г" .. p[1], "е" .. p[1], "к" .. p[1], "к" .. p[2], "к" .. p[3], "о" .. p[1], "п" .. p[1], "т" .. p[1], "у" .. p[1], "х" .. p[1], "х" .. p[2], "ц" .. p[1], "ч" .. p[1], "ю" .. p[1], "я" .. p[1]} }, }, } m["ch"] = { "ชามอร์โร", 33262, "poz", "Latn", sort_key = { remove_diacritics = "'", from = {"å", "ch", "ñ", "ng"}, to = {"a" .. p[1], "c" .. p[1], "n" .. p[1], "n" .. p[2]} }, } m["co"] = { "คอร์ซิกา", 33111, "roa-itr", "Latn", sort_key = { from = {"chj", "ghj", "sc", "sg"}, to = {"c" .. p[1], "g" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "s" .. p[2]} }, standard_chars = "AaÀàBbCcDdEeÈèFfGgHhIiÌìÏïJjLlMmNnOoÒòPpQqRrSsTtUuÙùÜüVvZz" .. c.punc, } m["cr"] = { "ครี", 33390, "alg", "Latn, Cans", translit = { Cans = "cr-translit" }, } m["cs"] = { "เช็ก", 9056, "zlw", "Latn", ancestors = "cs-ear", sort_key = { from = {"á", "č", "ď", "é", "ě", "ch", "í", "ň", "ó", "ř", "š", "ť", "ú", "ů", "ý", "ž"}, to = {"a" .. p[1], "c" .. p[1], "d" .. p[1], "e" .. p[1], "e" .. p[2], "h" .. p[1], "i" .. p[1], "n" .. p[1], "o" .. p[1], "r" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "t" .. p[1], "u" .. p[1], "u" .. p[2], "y" .. p[1], "z" .. p[1]} }, standard_chars = "AaÁáBbCcČčDdĎďEeÉéĚěFfGgHhIiÍíJjKkLlMmNnŇňOoÓóPpRrŘřSsŠšTtŤťUuÚúŮůVvYyÝýZzŽž" .. c.punc, } m["cu"] = { "สลาวอนิกคริสตจักรเก่า", 35499, "zls", "Cyrs, Glag, Zname", translit = { Cyrs = "Cyrs-translit", Glag = "Glag-translit" }, -- Cyrs strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["cv"] = { "ชูวัช", 33348, "trk-ogr", "Cyrl", ancestors = "cv-mid", translit = "cv-translit", override_translit = true, sort_key = { from = {"ӑ", "ё", "ӗ", "ҫ", "ӳ"}, to = {"а" .. p[1], "е" .. p[1], "е" .. p[2], "с" .. p[1], "у" .. p[1]} }, } m["cy"] = { "เวลส์", 9309, "cel-brw", "Latn", ancestors = "wlm", sort_key = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.diaer .. "'", from = {"ch", "dd", "ff", "ng", "ll", "ph", "rh", "th"}, to = {"c" .. p[1], "d" .. p[1], "f" .. p[1], "g" .. p[1], "l" .. p[1], "p" .. p[1], "r" .. p[1], "t" .. p[1]} }, standard_chars = "ÂâAaBbCcDdEeÊêFfGgHhIiÎîLlMmNnOoÔôPpRrSsTtUuÛûWwŴŵYyŶŷ" .. c.punc, } m["da"] = { "เดนมาร์ก", 9035, "gmq-eas", "Latn", ancestors = "gmq-oda", sort_key = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.tilde .. c.macron .. c.dacute .. c.caron .. c.cedilla, remove_exceptions = {"å"}, from = {"æ", "ø", "å"}, to = {"z" .. p[1], "z" .. p[2], "z" .. p[3]} }, standard_chars = "AaBbDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpRrSsTtUuVvYyÆæØøÅå" .. c.punc, } m["de"] = { "เยอรมัน", 188, "gmw-hgm", "Latn, Latf, Brai", ancestors = "de-ear", sort_key = { Latn = s["de-Latn-sortkey"], Latf = s["de-Latn-sortkey"], }, standard_chars = { Latn = s["de-Latn-standardchars"], Latf = s["de-Latn-standardchars"], Brai = c.braille, c.punc } } m["dv"] = { "มัลดีฟส์", 32656, "inc-ins", "Thaa, Diak", translit = { Thaa = "Thaa-translit", Diak = "Diak-translit", }, ancestors = "dv-old", override_translit = true, } m["dz"] = { "ซองคา", 33081, "sit-tib", "Tibt", ancestors = "xct", override_translit = true, -- Tibt translit, display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["ee"] = { "เอเว", 30005, "alv-gbe", "Latn", sort_key = { remove_diacritics = c.tilde, from = {"ɖ", "dz", "ɛ", "ƒ", "gb", "ɣ", "kp", "ny", "ŋ", "ɔ", "ts", "ʋ"}, to = {"d" .. p[1], "d" .. p[2], "e" .. p[1], "f" .. p[1], "g" .. p[1], "g" .. p[2], "k" .. p[1], "n" .. p[1], "n" .. p[2], "o" .. p[1], "t" .. p[1], "v" .. p[1]} }, } m["el"] = { "กรีก", 9129, "grk", "Grek, Polyt, Brai", ancestors = "el-kth", translit = "el-translit", override_translit = true, -- Grek and Polyt display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] standard_chars = { Grek = "΅·ͺ΄ΑαΆάΒβΓγΔδΕεέΈΖζΗηΉήΘθΙιΊίΪϊΐΚκΛλΜμΝνΞξΟοΌόΠπΡρΣσςΤτΥυΎύΫϋΰΦφΧχΨψΩωΏώ", Brai = c.braille, c.punc }, } m["en"] = { "อังกฤษ", 1860, "gmw-ang", "Latn, Brai, Shaw, Dsrt", -- entries in Shaw or Dsrt might require prior discussion wikimedia_codes = "en, simple", ancestors = "en-ear", sort_key = { Latn = { -- Many of these are needed for sorting language names. remove_diacritics = "'\"%-%.,%s·ʻʼ" .. c.diacritics, -- These are found in pagenames. from = {"[ɒæ🅱¢©ᴄðđəǝɜɡħʜıɨłŋɲøɔœꝑꝓꝕßʋ]"}, to = {{ ["ɒ"] = "a", ["æ"] = "ae", ["🅱"] = "b", ["¢"] = "c", ["©"] = "c", ["ᴄ"] = "c", ["ð"] = "d", ["đ"] = "d", ["ə"] = "e", ["ǝ"] = "e", ["ɜ"] = "e", ["ɡ"] = "g", ["ħ"] = "h", ["ʜ"] = "h", ["ı"] = "i", ["ɨ"] = "i", ["ł"] = "l", ["ŋ"] = "n", ["ɲ"] = "n", ["ø"] = "o", ["ɔ"] = "o", ["œ"] = "oe", ["ꝑ"] = "p", ["ꝓ"] = "p", ["ꝕ"] = "p", ["ß"] = "ss", ["ʋ"] = "v", }}, }, }, standard_chars = { Latn = "AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZz", Brai = c.braille, c.punc }, } m["eo"] = { "เอสเปรันโต", 143, "art", "Latn", --translit = "eo-translit", -- already handled in Module:headword & Module:links sort_key = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute, from = {"ĉ", "ĝ", "ĥ", "ĵ", "ŝ", "ŭ"}, to = {"c" .. p[1], "g" .. p[1], "h" .. p[1], "j" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "u" .. p[1]} }, standard_chars = "AaBbCcĈĉDdEeFfGgĜĝHhĤĥIiJjĴĵKkLlMmNnOoPpRrSsŜŝTtUuŬŭVvZz" .. c.punc, } m["es"] = { "สเปน", 1321, "roa-cas", "Latn, Brai", ancestors = "es-ear", --translit = "es-translit", -- already handled in Module:headword & Module:links sort_key = { Latn = { remove_exceptions = {"ñ"}, remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.tilde .. c.macron .. c.diaer .. c.cedilla, from = {"ª", "æ", "ñ", "º", "œ"}, to = {"a", "ae", "n" .. p[1], "o", "oe"} }, }, standard_chars = { Latn = "AaÁáBbCcDdEeÉéFfGgHhIiÍíJjLlMmNnÑñOoÓóPpQqRrSsTtUuÚúÜüVvXxYyZz", Brai = c.braille, c.punc }, } m["et"] = { "เอสโตเนีย", 9072, "urj-fin", "Latn", sort_key = { from = { "š", "ž", "õ", "ä", "ö", "ü", -- 2 chars "z" -- 1 char }, to = { "s" .. p[1], "s" .. p[3], "w" .. p[1], "w" .. p[2], "w" .. p[3], "w" .. p[4], "s" .. p[2] } }, standard_chars = "AaBbDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpRrSsTtUuVvÕõÄäÖöÜü" .. c.punc, } m["eu"] = { "บาสก์", 8752, "euq", "Latn", sort_key = { from = {"ç", "ñ"}, to = {"c" .. p[1], "n" .. p[1]} }, standard_chars = "AaBbDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnÑñOoPpRrSsTtUuXxZz" .. c.punc, } m["fa"] = { "เปอร์เซีย", 9168, "ira-swi", "Arab, Hebr", ancestors = "fa-cls", strip_diacritics = { Arab = { -- character "ۂ" code U+06C2 to "ه" and "هٔ" (U+0647 + U+0654) to "ه"; hamzatu l-waṣli to a regular alif from = {"هٔ", "ٱ"}, -- character "ۂ" code U+06C2 to "ه"; hamzatu l-waṣli to a regular alif to = {"ه", "ا"}, remove_diacritics = c.fathatan .. c.dammatan .. c.kasratan .. c.fatha .. c.damma .. c.kasra .. c.shadda .. c.sukun .. c.superalef, }, }, -- Hebr display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["ff"] = { "ฟูลา", 33454, "alv-fwo", "Latn, Adlm", } m["fi"] = { "ฟินแลนด์", 1412, "urj-fin", "Latn", display_text = { from = {"'"}, to = {"’"} }, strip_diacritics = { -- used to indicate gemination of the next consonant remove_diacritics = "ˣ", from = {"’"}, to = {"'"}, }, sort_key = { -- [[Appendix:Finnish alphabet#Collation]] + "aͤ" and "oͤ" as historical variants of "ä" and "ö". remove_diacritics = "'’:" .. c.diacritics, remove_exceptions = { "a[" .. c.ringabove .. c.diaer .. c.small_e .. "]", -- åäaͤ "o[" .. c.diaer .. c.tilde .. c.dacute .. c.small_e .. "]", -- öõőoͤ "u[" .. c.diaer .. c.dacute .. "]" -- üű }, from = {"æ", "[ðđ]", "ł", "ŋ", "œ", "ß", "þ", "u[" .. c.diaer .. c.dacute .. "]", "å", "aͤ", "o[" .. c.tilde .. c.dacute .. c.small_e .. "]", "ø", "(.)['%-]"}, to = {"ae", "d", "l", "n", "oe", "ss", "th", "y", "z" .. p[1], "ä", "ö", "ö", "%1"} }, standard_chars = "AaBbDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpRrSsTtUuVvYyÄäÖö" .. c.punc, } m["fj"] = { "ฟีจี", 33295, "poz-pcc", "Latn", } m["fo"] = { "แฟโร", 25258, "gmq-ins", "Latn", sort_key = { from = {"á", "ð", "í", "ó", "ú", "ý", "æ", "ø"}, to = {"a" .. p[1], "d" .. p[1], "i" .. p[1], "o" .. p[1], "u" .. p[1], "y" .. p[1], "z" .. p[1], "z" .. p[2]} }, standard_chars = "AaÁáBbDdÐðEeFfGgHhIiÍíJjKkLlMmNnOoÓóPpRrSsTtUuÚúVvYyÝýÆæØø" .. c.punc, } m["fr"] = { "ฝรั่งเศส", 150, "roa-oil", "Latn, Brai", ancestors = "frm", sort_key = { Latn = s["roa-oil-sortkey"] }, standard_chars = { Latn = "AaÀàÂâBbCcÇçDdEeÉéÈèÊêËëFfGgHhIiÎîÏïJjLlMmNnOoÔôŒœPpQqRrSsTtUuÙùÛûÜüVvXxYyZz", Brai = c.braille, c.punc }, } m["fy"] = { "ฟรีเชียตะวันตก", 27175, "gmw-fri", "Latn", sort_key = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.diaer, from = {"y"}, to = {"i"} }, standard_chars = "AaâäàÆæBbCcDdEeéêëèFfGgHhIiïìYyỳJjKkLlMmNnOoôöòPpRrSsTtUuúûüùVvWwZz" .. c.punc, } m["ga"] = { "ไอริช", 9142, "cel-gae", "Latn, Latg", ancestors = "mga", sort_key = { remove_diacritics = c.acute, from = {"ḃ", "ċ", "ḋ", "ḟ", "ġ", "ṁ", "ṗ", "ṡ", "ṫ"}, to = {"bh", "ch", "dh", "fh", "gh", "mh", "ph", "sh", "th"} }, standard_chars = "AaÁáBbCcDdEeÉéFfGgHhIiÍíLlMmNnOoÓóPpRrSsTtUuÚúVv" .. c.punc, } m["gd"] = { "แกลิกแบบสกอตแลนด์", 9314, "cel-gae", "Latn, Latg", ancestors = "mga", sort_key = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute}, standard_chars = "AaÀàBbCcDdEeÈèFfGgHhIiÌìLlMmNnOoÒòPpRrSsTtUuÙù" .. c.punc, } m["gl"] = { "กาลิเซีย", 9307, "roa-gap", "Latn", sort_key = { remove_diacritics = c.acute, from = {"ñ"}, to = {"n" .. p[1]} }, standard_chars = "AaÁáBbCcDdEeÉéFfGgHhIiÍíÏïLlMmNnÑñOoÓóPpQqRrSsTtUuÚúÜüVvXxZz" .. c.punc, } m["gu"] = { "คุชราต", 5137, "inc-wes", "Arab, Gujr", ancestors = "inc-mgu", translit = { Gujr = "Gujr-translit", }, strip_diacritics = { Arab = {remove_diacritics = c.fathatan .. c.dammatan .. c.kasratan .. c.fatha .. c.damma .. c.kasra .. c.kasra .. c.shadda .. c.sukun}, Gujr = {remove_diacritics = "઼"}, }, } m["gv"] = { "แมงซ์", 12175, "cel-gae", "Latn", ancestors = "mga", sort_key = {remove_diacritics = c.cedilla .. "-"}, standard_chars = "AaBbCcÇçDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwYy" .. c.punc, } m["ha"] = { "เฮาซา", 56475, "cdc-wst", "Latn, Arab", strip_diacritics = { Latn = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.tilde .. c.macron} }, sort_key = { Latn = { from = {"ɓ", "b'", "ɗ", "d'", "ƙ", "k'", "sh", "ƴ", "'y"}, to = {"b" .. p[1], "b" .. p[2], "d" .. p[1], "d" .. p[2], "k" .. p[1], "k" .. p[2], "s" .. p[1], "y" .. p[1], "y" .. p[2]} }, }, } m["he"] = { "ฮีบรู", 9288, "sem-can", "Hebr, Phnx, Brai, Samr", ancestors = "he-med", translit = { Hebr = "he-translit", }, -- Hebr display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] -- Samr strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] -- Phnx translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] (NOTE: not present before, presumably an accidental omission) } m["hi"] = { "ฮินดี", 1568, "inc-hnd", "Deva, Kthi, Newa", translit = { Deva = "Deva-translit", Kthi = "Kthi-translit", Newa = "Newa-translit", }, standard_chars = { Deva = "अआइईउऊएऐओऔकखगघङचछजझञटठडढणतथदधनपफबभमयरलवशषसहत्रज्ञक्षक़ख़ग़ज़झ़ड़ढ़फ़काखागाघाङाचाछाजाझाञाटाठाडाढाणाताथादाधानापाफाबाभामायारालावाशाषासाहात्राज्ञाक्षाक़ाख़ाग़ाज़ाझ़ाड़ाढ़ाफ़ाकिखिगिघिङिचिछिजिझिञिटिठिडिढिणितिथिदिधिनिपिफिबिभिमियिरिलिविशिषिसिहित्रिज्ञिक्षिक़िख़िग़िज़िझ़िड़िढ़िफ़िकीखीगीघीङीचीछीजीझीञीटीठीडीढीणीतीथीदीधीनीपीफीबीभीमीयीरीलीवीशीषीसीहीत्रीज्ञीक्षीक़ीख़ीग़ीज़ीझ़ीड़ीढ़ीफ़ीकुखुगुघुङुचुछुजुझुञुटुठुडुढुणुतुथुदुधुनुपुफुबुभुमुयुरुलुवुशुषुसुहुत्रुज्ञुक्षुक़ुख़ुग़ुज़ुझ़ुड़ुढ़ुफ़ुकूखूगूघूङूचूछूजूझूञूटूठूडूढूणूतूथूदूधूनूपूफूबूभूमूयूरूलूवूशूषूसूहूत्रूज्ञूक्षूक़ूख़ूग़ूज़ूझ़ूड़ूढ़ूफ़ूकेखेगेघेङेचेछेजेझेञेटेठेडेढेणेतेथेदेधेनेपेफेबेभेमेयेरेलेवेशेषेसेहेत्रेज्ञेक्षेक़ेख़ेग़ेज़ेझ़ेड़ेढ़ेफ़ेकैखैगैघैङैचैछैजैझैञैटैठैडैढैणैतैथैदैधैनैपैफैबैभैमैयैरैलैवैशैषैसैहैत्रैज्ञैक्षैक़ैख़ैग़ैज़ैझ़ैड़ैढ़ैफ़ैकोखोगोघोङोचोछोजोझोञोटोठोडोढोणोतोथोदोधोनोपोफोबोभोमोयोरोलोवोशोषोसोहोत्रोज्ञोक्षोक़ोख़ोग़ोज़ोझ़ोड़ोढ़ोफ़ोकौखौगौघौङौचौछौजौझौञौटौठौडौढौणौतौथौदौधौनौपौफौबौभौमौयौरौलौवौशौषौसौहौत्रौज्ञौक्षौक़ौख़ौग़ौज़ौझ़ौड़ौढ़ौफ़ौक्ख्ग्घ्ङ्च्छ्ज्झ्ञ्ट्ठ्ड्ढ्ण्त्थ्द्ध्न्प्फ्ब्भ्म्य्र्ल्व्श्ष्स्ह्त्र्ज्ञ्क्ष्क़्ख़्ग़्ज़्झ़्ड़्ढ़्फ़्।॥०१२३४५६७८९॰", c.punc }, } m["ho"] = { "ฮีรีโมตู", 33617, "crp", "Latn", ancestors = "meu", } m["ht"] = { "ครีโอลเฮติ", 33491, "crp", "Latn", ancestors = "ht-sdm", sort_key = { from = { "oun", -- 3 chars "an", "ch", "è", "en", "ng", "ò", "on", "ou", "ui" -- 2 chars }, to = { "o" .. p[4], "a" .. p[1], "c" .. p[1], "e" .. p[1], "e" .. p[2], "n" .. p[1], "o" .. p[1], "o" .. p[2], "o" .. p[3], "u" .. p[1] } }, } m["hu"] = { "ฮังการี", 9067, "urj-ugr", "Latn, Hung", ancestors = "ohu", sort_key = { Latn = { from = { "dzs", -- 3 chars "á", "cs", "dz", "é", "gy", "í", "ly", "ny", "ó", "ö", "ő", "sz", "ty", "ú", "ü", "ű", "zs", -- 2 chars }, to = { "d" .. p[2], "a" .. p[1], "c" .. p[1], "d" .. p[1], "e" .. p[1], "g" .. p[1], "i" .. p[1], "l" .. p[1], "n" .. p[1], "o" .. p[1], "o" .. p[2], "o" .. p[3], "s" .. p[1], "t" .. p[1], "u" .. p[1], "u" .. p[2], "u" .. p[3], "z" .. p[1], } }, }, standard_chars = { Latn = "AaÁáBbCcDdEeÉéFfGgHhIiÍíJjKkLlMmNnOoÓóÖöŐőPpQqRrSsTtUuÚúÜüŰűVvWwXxYyZz", c.punc }, } m["hy"] = { "อาร์มีเนีย", 8785, "hyx", "Armn, Brai", ancestors = "axm", -- Armn translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] override_translit = true, strip_diacritics = { Armn = { remove_diacritics = "՛՜՞՟", from = {"եւ", "^յ", "^ի", "^է", "յ̵", "ՙ", "՚"}, to = {"և", "յ", "ի", "է", "ֈ", "ʻ", "’"} }, }, sort_key = { Armn = { from = { "ու", "եւ", -- 2 chars "և" -- 1 char }, to = { "ւ", "եվ", "եվ" } }, }, } m["hz"] = { "เฮเรโร", 33315, "bnt-swb", "Latn", } m["ia"] = { "อินเทอร์ลิงกวา", 35934, "art", "Latn", } m["id"] = { "อินโดนีเซีย", 9240, "poz-mly", "Latn", ancestors = "ms", standard_chars = "AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZz" .. c.punc, } m["ie"] = { "อินเทร์ลิงเกว", 35850, "art", "Latn", type = "appendix-constructed", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ}, } m["ig"] = { "อิกโบ", 33578, "alv-igb", "Latn", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.macron}, sort_key = { from = {"gb", "gh", "gw", "ị", "kp", "kw", "ṅ", "nw", "ny", "ọ", "sh", "ụ"}, to = {"g" .. p[1], "g" .. p[2], "g" .. p[3], "i" .. p[1], "k" .. p[1], "k" .. p[2], "n" .. p[1], "n" .. p[2], "n" .. p[3], "o" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "u" .. p[1]} }, } m["ii"] = { "นอซู", 34235, "tbq-nlo", "Yiii", translit = "ii-translit", } m["ik"] = { "Inupiaq", 27183, "esx-inu", "Latn", sort_key = { from = { "ch", "ġ", "dj", "ḷ", "ł̣", "ñ", "ng", "r̂", "sr", "zr", -- 2 chars "ł", "ŋ", "ʼ" -- 1 char }, to = { "c" .. p[1], "g" .. p[1], "h" .. p[1], "l" .. p[1], "l" .. p[3], "n" .. p[1], "n" .. p[2], "r" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "z" .. p[1], "l" .. p[2], "n" .. p[2], "z" .. p[2] } }, } m["io"] = { "อีโด", 35224, "art", "Latn", } m["is"] = { "ไอซ์แลนด์", 294, "gmq-ins", "Latn", sort_key = { from = {"á", "ð", "é", "í", "ó", "ú", "ý", "þ", "æ", "ö"}, to = {"a" .. p[1], "d" .. p[1], "e" .. p[1], "i" .. p[1], "o" .. p[1], "u" .. p[1], "y" .. p[1], "z" .. p[1], "z" .. p[2], "z" .. p[3]} }, standard_chars = "AaÁáBbDdÐðEeÉéFfGgHhIiÍíJjKkLlMmNnOoÓóPpRrSsTtUuÚúVvXxYyÝýÞþÆæÖö" .. c.punc, } m["it"] = { "อิตาลี", 652, "roa-itr", "Latn", ancestors = "roa-oit", sort_key = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.diaer .. c.ringabove}, standard_chars = "AaÀàBbCcDdEeÈèÉéFfGgHhIiÌìLlMmNnOoÒòPpQqRrSsTtUuÙùVvZz" .. c.punc, } m["iu"] = { "อินุกติตุต", 29921, "esx-inu", "Cans, Latn", translit = { Cans = "cr-translit" }, override_translit = true, } m["ja"] = { "ญี่ปุ่น", 5287, "jpx", "Jpan, Latn, Brai", ancestors = "ja-ear", translit = s["jpx-translit"], link_tr = true, display_text = s["jpx-displaytext"], strip_diacritics = s["jpx-stripdiacritics"], sort_key = s["jpx-sortkey"], } m["jv"] = { "ชวา", 33549, "poz", "Latn, Java, Arab", ancestors = "kaw", translit = { Java = "Java-translit" }, link_tr = true, strip_diacritics = { Latn = {remove_diacritics = c.circ} -- Modern jv don't use ê }, sort_key = { Latn = { from = {"å", "dh", "é", "è", "ng", "ny", "th"}, to = {"a" .. p[1], "d" .. p[1], "e" .. p[1], "e" .. p[2], "n" .. p[1], "n" .. p[2], "t" .. p[1]} }, }, } m["ka"] = { "จอร์เจีย", 8108, "ccs-gzn", "Geor, Geok, Hebr", -- Hebr is used to write Judeo-Georgian ancestors = "ka-mid", -- Geor, Geok translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] override_translit = true, strip_diacritics = { Geor = s["ka-stripdiacritics"], Geok = s["ka-stripdiacritics"], }, -- Hebr display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["kg"] = { "คองโก", 33702, "bnt-kng", "Latn", } m["ki"] = { "เกโกโย", 33587, "bnt-kka", "Latn", } m["kj"] = { "Kwanyama", 1405077, "bnt-ova", "Latn", } m["kk"] = { "คาซัค", 9252, "trk-kno", "Cyrl, Latn, Arab", translit = "kk-translit", -- override_translit = true, sort_key = { Cyrl = { from = {"ә", "ғ", "ё", "қ", "ң", "ө", "ұ", "ү", "һ", "і"}, to = {"а" .. p[1], "г" .. p[1], "е" .. p[1], "к" .. p[1], "н" .. p[1], "о" .. p[1], "у" .. p[1], "у" .. p[2], "х" .. p[1], "ы" .. p[1]} }, }, standard_chars = { Cyrl = "АаӘәБбВвГгҒғДдЕеЁёЖжЗзИиЙйКкҚқЛлМмНнҢңОоӨөПпРрСсТтУуҰұҮүФфХхҺһЦцЧчШшЩщЪъЫыІіЬьЭэЮюЯя", c.punc }, } m["kl"] = { "กรีนแลนด์", 25355, "esx-inu", "Latn", sort_key = { from = {"æ", "ø", "å"}, to = {"z" .. p[1], "z" .. p[2], "z" .. p[3]} } } m["km"] = { "เขมร", 9205, "mkh-kmr", "Khmr", ancestors = "xhm", translit = "Khmr-translit", } m["kn"] = { "กันนฑะ", 33673, "dra-kan", "Knda, Tutg", ancestors = "dra-mkn", -- Knda translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["ko"] = { "เกาหลี", 9176, "qfa-kor", "Kore, Brai", ancestors = "ko-ear", translit = { Kore = "ko-translit", }, -- Kore strip_diacritics in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["kr"] = { "กานูรี", 36094, "ssa-sah", "Latn, Arab", -- the sortkey and strip_diacritics are only for standard Kanuri; when dialectal entries get added, someone will have to work out how the dialects should be represented orthographically strip_diacritics = { Latn = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.breve} }, sort_key = { Latn = { from = {"ǝ", "ny", "ɍ", "sh"}, to = {"e" .. p[1], "n" .. p[1], "r" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1]} }, }, } m["ks"] = { "แคชเมียร์", 33552, "inc-kas", "Aran, Deva, Shrd, Latn", translit = { Aran = "ks-Aran-translit", Deva = "Deva-translit", -- Shrd translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] }, } -- "kv" is treated as "koi", "kpv", see [[WT:LT]] m["kw"] = { "คอร์นวอลล์", 25289, "cel-brs", "Latn", ancestors = "cnx", sort_key = { from = {"ch"}, to = {"c" .. p[1]} }, } m["ky"] = { "คีร์กีซ", 9255, "trk-kkp", "Cyrl, Latn, Arab", translit = { Cyrl = "ky-translit" }, override_translit = true, sort_key = { Cyrl = { from = {"ё", "ң", "ө", "ү"}, to = {"е" .. p[1], "н" .. p[1], "о" .. p[1], "у" .. p[1]} }, }, } m["la"] = { "ละติน", 397, "itc-laf", "Latn, Ital", ancestors = "itc-ola", --translit = "la-translit", -- already handled in Module:headword & Module:links -- Ital translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] (NOTE: formerly not present, probably an accidental omission) display_text = { Latn = s["itc-Latn-displaytext"] }, strip_diacritics = { Latn = s["itc-Latn-stripdiacritics"] }, sort_key = { Latn = s["itc-Latn-sortkey"] }, standard_chars = { Latn = "AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvXx", c.punc }, } m["lb"] = { "ลักเซมเบิร์ก", 9051, "gmw-hgm", "Latn, Brai", ancestors = "gmw-cfr", sort_key = { Latn = { from = {"ä", "ë", "é"}, to = {"z" .. p[1], "z" .. p[2], "z" .. p[3]} }, }, } m["lg"] = { "ลูกันดา", 33368, "bnt-nyg", "Latn", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.acute .. c.circ}, sort_key = { from = {"ŋ"}, to = {"n" .. p[1]} }, } m["li"] = { "ลิมเบิร์ก", 102172, "gmw-frk", "Latn", ancestors = "dum", } m["ln"] = { "ลิงกาลา", 36217, "bnt-bmo", "Latn", sort_key = { remove_diacritics = c.acute .. c.circ .. c.caron, from = {"ɛ", "gb", "mb", "mp", "nd", "ng", "nk", "ns", "nt", "ny", "nz", "ɔ"}, to = {"e" .. p[1], "g" .. p[1], "m" .. p[1], "m" .. p[2], "n" .. p[1], "n" .. p[2], "n" .. p[3], "n" .. p[4], "n" .. p[5], "n" .. p[6], "n" .. p[7], "o" .. p[1]} }, } m["lo"] = { "ลาว", 9211, "tai-swe", "Laoo", -- also Tai Noi/Lao Buhan script translit = "Laoo-translit", --sort_key = "Laoo-sortkey", standard_chars = "0-9ກຂຄງຈຊຍດຕຖທນບປຜຝພຟມຢຣລວສຫອຮຯ-ໝ" .. c.punc, } m["lt"] = { "ลิทัวเนีย", 9083, "bat-eas", "Latn", ancestors = "olt", display_text = "lt-common", strip_diacritics = "lt-common", sort_key = "lt-common", standard_chars = "AaĄąBbCcČčDdEeĘęĖėFfGgHhIiĮįYyJjKkLlMmNnOoPpRrSsŠšTtUuŲųŪūVvZzŽž" .. c.punc, } m["lu"] = { "Luba-Katanga", 36157, "bnt-lub", "Latn", } m["lv"] = { "ลัตเวีย", 9078, "bat-eas", "Latn", strip_diacritics = { -- This attempts to convert vowels with tone marks to vowels either with or without macrons. Specifically, there should be no macrons if the vowel is part of a diphthong (including resonant diphthongs such pìrksts -> pirksts not #pīrksts). What we do is first convert the vowel + tone mark to a vowel + tilde in a decomposed fashion, then remove the tilde in diphthongs, then convert the remaining vowel + tilde sequences to macroned vowels, then delete any other tilde. We leave already-macroned vowels alone: Both e.g. ar and ār occur before consonants. FIXME: This still might not be sufficient. from = {"([Ee])" .. c.cedilla, "[" .. c.grave .. c.circ .. c.tilde .."]", "([aAeEiIoOuU])" .. c.tilde .."?([lrnmuiLRNMUI])" .. c.tilde .. "?([^aAeEiIoOuU])", "([aAeEiIoOuU])" .. c.tilde .."?([lrnmuiLRNMUI])" .. c.tilde .."?$", "([iI])" .. c.tilde .. "?([eE])" .. c.tilde .. "?", "([aAeEiIuU])" .. c.tilde, c.tilde}, to = {"%1", c.tilde, "%1%2%3", "%1%2", "%1%2", "%1" .. c.macron} }, sort_key = { from = {"ā", "č", "ē", "ģ", "ī", "ķ", "ļ", "ņ", "š", "ū", "ž"}, to = {"a" .. p[1], "c" .. p[1], "e" .. p[1], "g" .. p[1], "i" .. p[1], "k" .. p[1], "l" .. p[1], "n" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "u" .. p[1], "z" .. p[1]} }, standard_chars = "AaĀāBbCcČčDdEeĒēFfGgĢģHhIiĪīJjKkĶķLlĻļMmNnŅņOoPpRrSsŠšTtUuŪūVvZzŽž" .. c.punc, } m["mg"] = { "มาลากาซี", 7930, "poz-bre", "Latn, Arab", } m["mh"] = { "มาร์แชลล์", 36280, "poz-mic", "Latn", sort_key = { from = {"ā", "ļ", "m̧", "ņ", "n̄", "o̧", "ō", "ū"}, to = {"a" .. p[1], "l" .. p[1], "m" .. p[1], "n" .. p[1], "n" .. p[2], "o" .. p[1], "o" .. p[2], "u" .. p[1]} }, } m["mi"] = { "มาวรี", 36451, "poz-pep", "Latn", sort_key = { remove_diacritics = c.macron, from = {"ng", "wh"}, to = {"n" .. p[1], "w" .. p[1]} }, } m["mk"] = { "มาซิโดเนีย", 9296, "zls", "Cyrl, Polyt", ancestors = "cu", translit = { Cyrl = "mk-translit", -- FIXME: formerly no translit specified for Polyt; unclear if the default [[Module:grc-translit]] is -- acceptable, so we disable it for now Polyt = false, }, strip_diacritics = { Cyrl = { remove_diacritics = c.acute, remove_exceptions = {"Ѓ", "ѓ", "Ќ", "ќ"} }, }, sort_key = { Cyrl = { remove_diacritics = c.grave, remove_exceptions = {"ѓ", "ќ"}, from = {"ѓ", "ѕ", "ј", "љ", "њ", "ќ", "џ"}, to = {"д" .. p[1], "з" .. p[1], "и" .. p[1], "л" .. p[1], "н" .. p[1], "т" .. p[1], "ч" .. p[1]} }, }, -- Polyt display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] standard_chars = { Cyrl = "АаБбВвГгДдЃѓЕеЖжЗзЅѕИиЈјКкЛлЉљМмНнЊњОоПпРрСсТтЌќУуФфХхЦцЧчЏџШш", c.punc }, } m["ml"] = { "มลยาฬัม", 36236, "dra-mal", "Mlym", override_translit = true, -- Mlym translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["mn"] = { "มองโกเลีย", 9246, "xgn-cen", "Cyrl, Mong, Latn, Brai", ancestors = "cmg", translit = { Cyrl = "mn-translit", -- Mong translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] }, override_translit = true, -- Mong display_text and strip_diacritics in [[Module:scripts/data]] strip_diacritics = { Cyrl = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute}, }, sort_key = { Cyrl = { remove_diacritics = c.grave, from = {"ё", "ө", "ү"}, to = {"е" .. p[1], "о" .. p[1], "у" .. p[1]} }, }, standard_chars = { Cyrl = "АаБбВвГгДдЕеЁёЖжЗзИиЙйЛлМмНнОоӨөРрСсТтУуҮүХхЦцЧчШшЫыЬьЭэЮюЯя—", Brai = c.braille, c.punc }, } -- "mo" is treated as "ro", see [[WT:LT]] m["mr"] = { "มราฐี", 1571, "inc-sou", "Deva, Modi", ancestors = "omr", translit = { Deva = "Deva-translit", Modi = "Modi-translit", }, strip_diacritics = { Deva = { from = {"च़", "ज़", "झ़"}, to = {"च", "ज", "झ"} }, }, } m["ms"] = { "มาเลเซีย", 9237, "poz-mly", "Latn, Arab", ancestors = "ms-cla", standard_chars = { Latn = "AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZz", c.punc }, } m["mt"] = { "มอลตา", 9166, "sem-arb", "Latn", display_text = { from = {"'"}, to = {"’"} }, strip_diacritics = { from = {"’"}, to = {"'"}, }, ancestors = "sqr", sort_key = { from = { "ċ", "ġ", "ż", -- Convert into PUA so that decomposed form does not get caught by the next step. "([cgz])", -- Ensure "c" comes after "ċ", "g" comes after "ġ" and "z" comes after "ż". "g" .. p[1] .. "ħ", -- "għ" after initial conversion of "g". p[3], p[4], "ħ", "ie", p[5] -- Convert "ċ", "ġ", "ħ", "ie", "ż" into final output. }, to = { p[3], p[4], p[5], "%1" .. p[1], "g" .. p[2], "c", "g", "h" .. p[1], "i" .. p[1], "z" } }, } m["my"] = { "พม่า", 9228, "tbq-brm", "Mymr", ancestors = "obr", translit = "my-translit", override_translit = true, sort_key = { from = {"ျ", "ြ", "ွ", "ှ", "ဿ"}, to = {"္ယ", "္ရ", "္ဝ", "္ဟ", "သ္သ"} }, } m["na"] = { "นาอูรู", 13307, "poz-mic", "Latn", } m["nb"] = { "นอร์เวย์แบบบุ๊กมอล", 25167, "gmq", "Latn", wikimedia_codes = "no", ancestors = "gmq-mno, da", -- da as an (but not the) ancestor of nb was agreed on - do not change without discussion sort_key = s["no-sortkey"], standard_chars = s["no-standardchars"], } m["nd"] = { "Northern Ndebele", 35613, "bnt-ngu", "Latn", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.macron .. c.caron}, } m["ne"] = { "เนปาล", 33823, "inc-pae", "Deva, Newa", translit = { Deva = "Deva-translit", Newa = "Newa-translit", }, } m["ng"] = { "Ndonga", 33900, "bnt-ova", "Latn", } m["nl"] = { "ดัตช์", 7411, "gmw-frk", "Latn, Brai", ancestors = "dum", sort_key = { Latn = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.tilde .. c.diaer .. c.ringabove .. c.cedilla .. "'"}, }, standard_chars = { Latn = "AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZzÄäËëÏïÖöÜü", Brai = c.braille, c.punc }, } m["nn"] = { "นอร์เวย์แบบนือนอสก์", 25164, "gmq-wes", "Latn", ancestors = "gmq-mno", strip_diacritics = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute, }, sort_key = s["no-sortkey"], standard_chars = s["no-standardchars"], } m["no"] = { "นอร์เวย์", 9043, "gmq-wes", "Latn", ancestors = "gmq-mno", sort_key = s["no-sortkey"], standard_chars = s["no-standardchars"], } m["nr"] = { "Southern Ndebele", 36785, "bnt-ngu", "Latn", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.macron .. c.caron}, } m["nv"] = { "นาวาโฮ", 13310, "apa", "Latn, Brai", sort_key = { remove_diacritics = c.acute .. c.ogonek, from = { "chʼ", "tłʼ", "tsʼ", -- 3 chars "ch", "dl", "dz", "gh", "hw", "kʼ", "kw", "sh", "tł", "ts", "zh", -- 2 chars "ł", "ʼ" -- 1 char }, to = { "c" .. p[2], "t" .. p[2], "t" .. p[4], "c" .. p[1], "d" .. p[1], "d" .. p[2], "g" .. p[1], "h" .. p[1], "k" .. p[1], "k" .. p[2], "s" .. p[1], "t" .. p[1], "t" .. p[3], "z" .. p[1], "l" .. p[1], "z" .. p[2] } }, } m["ny"] = { "เจวา", 33273, "bnt-nys", "Latn", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.acute .. c.circ}, sort_key = { from = {"ng'"}, to = {"ng"} }, } m["oc"] = { "อุตซิตา", 14185, "roa-ocr", "Latn, Hebr", ancestors = "pro", sort_key = { Latn = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.diaer .. c.cedilla, from = {"([lns])·h"}, to = {"%1h"} }, }, -- Hebr display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["oj"] = { "โอจิบเว", 33875, "alg", "Cans, Latn", sort_key = { Latn = { from = {"aa", "ʼ", "ii", "oo", "sh", "zh"}, to = {"a" .. p[1], "h" .. p[1], "i" .. p[1], "o" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "z" .. p[1]} }, }, } m["om"] = { "ออโรโม", 33864, "cus-eas", "Latn, Ethi", } m["or"] = { "โอริยา", 33810, "inc-eas", "Orya", ancestors = "inc-mor", translit = "Orya-translit", } m["os"] = { "ออสซีเซีย", 33968, "xsc-sar", "Cyrl, Geor, Latn", ancestors = "oos", translit = { Cyrl = "os-translit", -- Geor translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] }, override_translit = true, display_text = { Cyrl = { from = {"æ", "Æ"}, to = {"ӕ", "Ӕ"} }, Latn = { from = {"ӕ", "Ӕ"}, to = {"æ", "Æ"} }, }, strip_diacritics = { Cyrl = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute, from = {"æ", "Æ"}, to = {"ӕ", "Ӕ"} }, Latn = { from = {"ӕ", "Ӕ"}, to = {"æ", "Æ"} }, }, sort_key = { Cyrl = { from = {"ӕ", "гъ", "дж", "дз", "ё", "къ", "пъ", "тъ", "хъ", "цъ", "чъ"}, to = {"а" .. p[1], "г" .. p[1], "д" .. p[1], "д" .. p[2], "е" .. p[1], "к" .. p[1], "п" .. p[1], "т" .. p[1], "х" .. p[1], "ц" .. p[1], "ч" .. p[1]} }, }, } m["pa"] = { "ปัญจาบ", 58635, "inc-pan", "Guru, Aran", translit = { Guru = "Guru-translit", Aran = "pa-Aran-translit", }, strip_diacritics = { Aran = { remove_diacritics = c.fathatan .. c.dammatan .. c.kasratan .. c.fatha .. c.damma .. c.kasra .. c.shadda .. c.sukun .. c.nunghunna, from = {"ݨ", "ࣇ"}, to = {"ن", "ل"} }, }, } m["pi"] = { "บาลี", 36727, "inc-mid", "Latn, Brah, Deva, Beng, Sinh, Mymr, Thai, Lana, Laoo, Khmr, Cakm", --and also Khom ancestors = "sa", translit = { -- Brah translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] Deva = "Deva-translit", Beng = "Beng-translit", Sinh = "Sinh-translit", Mymr = "Mymr-translit", --Thai = "pi-translit", Lana = "Lana-translit", Laoo = "Laoo-translit", Khmr = "Khmr-translit", Cakm = "Cakm-translit", }, strip_diacritics = { Thai = { from = {"ึ", u(0xF700), u(0xF70F)}, -- FIXME: Not clear what's going on with the PUA characters here. to = {"ิํ", "ฐ", "ญ"} }, Mymr = { remove_diacritics = c.VS01, }, }, sort_key = { -- FIXME: This needs to be converted into the current standardized format. from = {"ā", "ī", "ū", "ḍ", "ḷ", "m[" .. c.dotabove .. c.dotbelow .. "]", "ṅ", "ñ", "ṇ", "ṭ", "ॐ", "([เโ])([ก-ฮ])", "([ເໂ])([ກ-ຮ])", "ᩔ", "ᩕ", "ᩖ", "ᩘ", "([ᨭ-ᨱ])ᩛ", "([ᨷ-ᨾ])ᩛ", "ᩤ", u(0xFE00), u(0x200D)}, to = {"a~", "i~", "u~", "d~", "l~", "m~", "n~", "n~~", "n~~~", "t~", "ओँ", "%2%1", "%2%1", "ᩈ᩠ᩈ", "᩠ᩁ", "᩠ᩃ", "ᨦ᩠", "%1᩠ᨮ", "%1᩠ᨻ", "ᩣ"} }, } m["pl"] = { "โปแลนด์", 809, "zlw-lch", "Latn", ancestors = "zlw-mpl", sort_key = { from = {"ą", "ć", "ę", "ł", "ń", "ó", "ś", "ź", "ż"}, to = {"a" .. p[1], "c" .. p[1], "e" .. p[1], "l" .. p[1], "n" .. p[1], "o" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "z" .. p[1], "z" .. p[2]} }, standard_chars = "AaĄąBbCcĆćDdEeĘęFfGgHhIiJjKkLlŁłMmNnŃńOoÓóPpRrSsŚśTtUuWwYyZzŹźŻż" .. c.punc, } m["ps"] = { "ปาทาน", 58680, "ira-pat", "Arab", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.fathatan .. c.dammatan .. c.kasratan .. c.fatha .. c.damma .. c.kasra .. c.shadda .. c.sukun .. c.zwarakay .. c.superalef}, } m["pt"] = { "โปรตุเกส", 5146, "roa-gap", "Latn, Brai", sort_key = { Latn = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.tilde .. c.macron .. c.diaer .. c.cedilla, from = {"ª", "æ", "º", "œ"}, to = {"a", "ae", "o", "oe"} }, }, standard_chars = { Latn = "AaÁáÂâÃãBbCcÇçDdEeÉéÊêFfGgHhIiÍíJjLlMmNnOoÓóÔôÕõPpQqRrSsTtUuÚúVvXxZz", Brai = c.braille, c.punc }, } m["qu"] = { "เกชัว", 5218, "qwe", "Latn", } m["rm"] = { "รูมันช์", 13199, "roa-rhe", ancestors = "rm-old", "Latn", sort_key = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.diaer .. c.small_e}, } m["ro"] = { "โรมาเนีย", 7913, "roa-eas", "Latn, Cyrl, Cyrs", translit = { Cyrl = "ro-translit" }, display_text = { Latn = { from = {"'", "ţ", "Ţ"}, to = {"’", "ț", "Ț"} }, }, strip_diacritics = { Latn = { from = {"’", "ţ", "Ţ"}, to = {"'", "ț", "Ț"} }, }, sort_key = { Latn = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute, from = {"ă", "â", "î", "ș", "[țţ]"}, to = {"a" .. p[1], "a" .. p[2], "i" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "t" .. p[1]} }, Cyrl = { from = {"ӂ"}, to = {"ж" .. p[1]} }, }, -- Cyrs strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]]; presumably not present standard_chars = { Latn = "AaĂăÂâBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiÎîJjLlMmNnOoPpRrSsȘșTtȚțUuVvXxZz", Cyrl = "АаБбВвГгДдЕеЖжӁӂЗзИиЙйКкЛлМмНнОоПпРрСсТтУуФфХхЦцЧчШшЫыЬьЭэЮюЯя", c.punc }, } m["ru"] = { "รัสเซีย", 7737, "zle", "Cyrl, Brai", ancestors = "zle-mru", translit = { Cyrl = "ru-translit-Thai" }, display_text = { Cyrl = { from = {"'"}, to = {"’"} }, }, strip_diacritics = { Cyrl = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.diaer, remove_exceptions = {"Ё", "ё", "Ѣ̈", "ѣ̈", "Я̈", "я̈"}, from = {"’"}, to = {"'"}, }, }, sort_key = { Cyrl = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.diaer, from = { "і", "ѣ", "ѳ", "ѵ" }, to = { "и" .. p[1], "ь" .. p[1], "я" .. p[2], "я" .. p[3] } }, }, standard_chars = { Cyrl = "АаБбВвГгДдЕеЁёЖжЗзИиЙйКкЛлМмНнОоПпРрСсТтУуФфХхЦцЧчШшЩщЪъЫыЬьЭэЮюЯя—", Brai = c.braille, (c.punc:gsub("'", "")) -- Exclude apostrophe. }, } m["rw"] = { "รวันดา-รุนดี", 3217514, "bnt-glb", "Latn", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.acute .. c.circ .. c.macron .. c.caron}, } m["sa"] = { "สันสกฤต", 11059, "inc", "as-Beng, Bali, Beng, Bhks, Brah, Mymr, xwo-Mong, Deva, Gujr, Guru, Gran, Hani, Java, Kthi, Knda, Kawi, Khar, Khmr, Laoo, Mlym, mnc-Mong, Marc, Modi, Mong, Nand, Newa, Orya, Phag, Ranj, Saur, Shrd, Sidd, Sinh, Soyo, Lana, Takr, Taml, Tang, Telu, Thai, Tibt, Tutg, Tirh, Zanb", --and also Khom; script codes sorted by canonical name rather than code for [[MOD:sa-convert]] translit = { Beng = "Beng-translit", ["as-Beng"] = "Beng-translit", -- Brah translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] Deva = "Deva-translit", Gujr = "Gujr-translit", Guru = "Guru-translit", Java = "Java-translit", Kthi = "Kthi-translit", Khmr = "Khmr-translit", Knda = "Knda-translit", Lana = "Lana-translit", Laoo = "Laoo-translit", Mlym = "Mlym-translit", Modi = "Modi-translit", -- Mong, mnc-Mong, xwo-Mong translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] -- NOTE: Formerly used xal-translit for transliterating xwo-Mong but that only handles Cyrillic; it has -- code to transliterate xwo-Mong but it's broken so I've replaced it with the default xwo-translit. Mymr = "Mymr-translit", Orya = "Orya-translit", -- Shrd translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] -- Sidd translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] Sinh = "Sinh-translit", Taml = "Taml-translit", Telu = "Telu-translit", --Thai = "pi-translit", -- Tibt translit in [[Module:scripts/data]] }, -- Mong display_text and strip_diacritics in [[Module:scripts/data]] -- Tibt display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] strip_diacritics = { Deva = s["sa-Deva-stripdiacritics"], Mymr = { remove_diacritics = c.VS01, }, Thai = { from = {"ึ", u(0xF700), u(0xF70F)}, -- FIXME: Not clear what's going on with the PUA characters here. to = {"ิํ", "ฐ", "ญ"} }, }, sort_key = { Deva = s["sa-Deva-stripdiacritics"], -- until we have a proper Sanskrit sorting algorithm. Lana = { -- Tai Tham from = {"ᩔ", "ᩕ", "ᩖ", "ᩘ", "([ᨭ-ᨱ])ᩛ", "([ᨷ-ᨾ])ᩛ", "ᩤ"}, to = {"ᩈ᩠ᩈ", "᩠ᩁ", "᩠ᩃ", "ᨦ᩠", "%1᩠ᨮ", "%1᩠ᨻ", "ᩣ"}, }, --Laoo = "Laoo-sortkey", Latn = { from = {"ā", "ī", "ū", "ḍ", "ḷ", "ḹ", "m[" .. c.dotabove .. c.dotbelow .. "]", "ṅ", "ñ", "ṇ", "ṛ", "ṝ", "ś", "ṣ", "ṭ"}, to = {"a~", "i~", "u~", "d~", "l~", "l~~", "m~", "n~", "n~~", "n~~~", "r~", "r~~", "s~", "s~~", "t~"}, }, Mymr = { remove_diacritics = c.VS01, }, --Thai = "Thai-sortkey", -- FIXME: The previous sort key which mixed all scripts removed ZWJ; I don't know which script(s) this was -- intended for and there are no other languages which remove it in the sort key AFAIK. If it needs to be -- removed, specify the script(s) it needs to be removed under or add handling for the "all" script that applies -- regardless of script. --all = { -- remove_diacritics = c.ZWJ, --}, }, } m["sc"] = { "ซาร์ดิเนีย", 33976, "roa-sou", "Latn", ancestors = "sc-old", } m["sd"] = { "สินธ์", 33997, "inc-snd", "Arab, Deva, Sind, Khoj", translit = { Deva = "Deva-translit", Sind = "Sind-translit", Arab = "sd-Arab-translit" }, strip_diacritics = { Arab = { remove_diacritics = c.kashida .. c.fathatan .. c.dammatan .. c.kasratan .. c.fatha .. c.damma .. c.kasra .. c.shadda .. c.sukun .. c.superalef, from = {"ٱ"}, to = {"ا"} }, }, } m["se"] = { "ซามีเหนือ", 33947, "smi", "Latn", display_text = { from = {"'"}, to = {"ˈ"} }, strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.macron .. c.dotbelow .. "'ˈ"}, sort_key = { from = {"á", "č", "đ", "ŋ", "š", "ŧ", "ž"}, to = {"a" .. p[1], "c" .. p[1], "d" .. p[1], "n" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "t" .. p[1], "z" .. p[1]} }, standard_chars = "AaÁáBbCcČčDdĐđEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnŊŋOoPpRrSsŠšTtŦŧUuVvZzŽž" .. c.punc, } m["sg"] = { "ซังโก", 33954, "crp", "Latn", ancestors = "ngb", } m["sh"] = { "เซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย", 9301, "zls", "Latn, Cyrl, Glag, Arab", ietf_subtag = "hbs", -- ISO 639-3 code, since "sh" is deprecated from ISO 639-1 wikimedia_codes = "sh, bs, hr, sr", strip_diacritics = { Latn = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.tilde .. c.macron .. c.dgrave .. c.invbreve, remove_exceptions = {"Ć", "ć", "Ś", "ś", "Ź", "ź"} }, Cyrl = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.tilde .. c.macron .. c.dgrave .. c.invbreve, remove_exceptions = {"З́", "з́", "С́", "с́"} }, }, sort_key = { Latn = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.tilde .. c.macron .. c.dgrave .. c.invbreve, remove_exceptions = {"ć", "ś", "ź"}, from = {"č", "ć", "dž", "đ", "lj", "nj", "š", "ś", "ž", "ź"}, to = {"c" .. p[1], "c" .. p[2], "d" .. p[1], "d" .. p[2], "l" .. p[1], "n" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "s" .. p[2], "z" .. p[1], "z" .. p[2]} }, Cyrl = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.tilde .. c.macron .. c.dgrave .. c.invbreve, remove_exceptions = {"з́", "с́"}, from = {"ђ", "з́", "ј", "љ", "њ", "с́", "ћ", "џ"}, to = {"д" .. p[1], "з" .. p[1], "и" .. p[1], "л" .. p[1], "н" .. p[1], "с" .. p[1], "т" .. p[1], "ч" .. p[1]} }, }, standard_chars = { Latn = "AaBbCcČčĆćDdĐđEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpRrSsŠšTtUuVvZzŽž", Cyrl = "АаБбВвГгДдЂђЕеЖжЗзИиЈјКкЛлЉљМмНнЊњОоПпРрСсТтЋћУуФфХхЦцЧчЏџШш", c.punc }, } m["si"] = { "สิงหล", 13267, "inc-ins", "Sinh", translit = "Sinh-translit", override_translit = true, } m["sk"] = { "สโลวัก", 9058, "zlw", "Latn", ancestors = "zlw-osk", sort_key = {remove_diacritics = c.acute .. c.circ .. c.diaer .. c.caron}, standard_chars = "AaÁáÄäBbCcČčDdĎďEeÉéFfGgHhIiÍíJjKkLlĹ弾MmNnŇňOoÓóÔôPpRrŔŕSsŠšTtŤťUuÚúVvYyÝýZzŽž" .. c.punc, } m["sl"] = { "สโลวีเนีย", 9063, "zls", "Latn", strip_diacritics = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.macron .. c.dgrave .. c.invbreve .. c.dotbelow, remove_exceptions = {"Ć", "ć", "Ǵ", "ǵ", "Ś", "ś", "Ź", "ź"}, from = {"Ə", "ə", "Ł", "ł"}, to = {"E", "e", "L", "l"}, }, sort_key = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.tilde .. c.macron .. c.dotabove .. c.ringabove .. c.dgrave .. c.invbreve .. c.dotbelow .. c.ringbelow .. c.ogonek, remove_exceptions = {"ć", "ǵ", "ś", "ź"}, from = {"ä", "č", "ć", "đ", "ə", "ë", "ǧ", "ǵ", "ï", "ł", "ö", "š", "ś", "ü", "ž", "ź"}, to = {"a" .. p[1], "c" .. p[1], "c" .. p[2], "d" .. p[1], "e", "e" .. p[1], "g" .. p[1], "g" .. p[2], "i" .. p[1], "l", "o" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "s" .. p[2], "u" .. p[1], "z" .. p[1], "z" .. p[2]}, }, standard_chars = "AaBbCcČčDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpRrSsŠšTtUuVvZzŽž" .. c.punc, } m["sm"] = { "ซามัว", 34011, "poz-pnp", "Latn", } m["sn"] = { "โชนา", 34004, "bnt-sho", "Latn", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.acute}, } m["so"] = { "โซมาลี", 13275, "cus-som", "Latn, Arab, Osma", strip_diacritics = { Latn = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ} }, } m["sq"] = { "แอลเบเนีย", 8748, "sqj", "Latn, Grek, Arab, Elba, Todr, Vith", translit = { Elba = "Elba-translit", Vith = "Vith-translit", }, -- Grek display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] strip_diacritics = { Latn = { remove_diacritics = c.acute .. c.circ .. c.macron, from = {'^[ie] (%w)', '^të (%w)'}, to = {'%1', '%1'}, }, }, sort_key = { Latn = { remove_diacritics = c.acute .. c.circ .. c.macron .. c.tilde .. c.breve .. c.caron, from = {'^[ie] (%w)', '^të (%w)', 'ç', 'dh', 'ë', 'gj', 'll', 'nj', 'rr', 'sh', 'th', 'xh', 'zh'}, to = {'%1', '%1', 'c'..p[1], 'd'..p[1], 'e'..p[1], 'g'..p[1], 'l'..p[1], 'n'..p[1], 'r'..p[1], 's'..p[1], 't'..p[1], 'x'..p[1], 'z'..p[1]}, } -- TODO: Grek if the default sort key is unsuitable }, standard_chars = { Latn = "AaBbCcÇçDdEeËëFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvXxYyZz", c.punc }, } m["ss"] = { "สวาซี", 34014, "bnt-ngu", "Latn", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.macron .. c.caron}, } m["st"] = { "ซูทู", 34340, "bnt-sts", "Latn", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.macron .. c.caron}, } m["su"] = { "ซุนดา", 34002, "poz-msa", "Latn, Sund, Arab", ancestors = "osn", translit = { Sund = "Sund-translit" }, } m["sv"] = { "สวีเดน", 9027, "gmq-eas", "Latn", ancestors = "gmq-osw-lat", sort_key = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.tilde .. c.macron .. c.dacute .. c.caron .. c.cedilla .. "':", remove_exceptions = {"å"}, from = {"ø", "æ", "œ", "ß", "ꜩ", "å", "aͤ", "oͤ"}, to = {"ö", "ae", "oe", "ss", "tz", "z" .. p[1], "ä", "ö"} }, standard_chars = "AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpRrSsTtUuVvXxYyÅåÄäÖö" .. c.punc, } m["sw"] = { "สวาฮีลี", 7838, "bnt-swh", "Latn, Arab", sort_key = { Latn = { from = {"ng'"}, to = {"ng" .. p[1]} }, }, } m["ta"] = { "ทมิฬ", 5885, "dra-tam", "Taml", ancestors = "ta-mid", translit = "Taml-translit", override_translit = true, } m["te"] = { "เตลูกู", 8097, "dra-tel", "Telu", translit = "Telu-translit", override_translit = true, } m["tg"] = { "ทาจิก", 9260, "ira-swi", "Cyrl, Arab, Latn", ancestors = "fa-cls", translit = { Cyrl = "tg-translit" }, override_translit = true, strip_diacritics = { Cyrl = s["tg-stripdiacritics"], Latn = s["tg-stripdiacritics"], }, sort_key = { Cyrl = { from = {"ғ", "ё", "ӣ", "қ", "ӯ", "ҳ", "ҷ"}, to = {"г" .. p[1], "е" .. p[1], "и" .. p[1], "к" .. p[1], "у" .. p[1], "х" .. p[1], "ч" .. p[1]} }, }, } m["th"] = { "ไทย", 9217, "tai-swe", "Thai, Khomt, Brai", ancestors = "th-old", --translit = { -- Thai = "th-translit" --}, --sort_key = { -- Thai = "Thai-sortkey" --}, } m["ti"] = { "ทือกรึญญา", 34124, "sem-eth", "Ethi", translit = "Ethi-translit", } m["tk"] = { "เติร์กเมน", 9267, "trk-ogz", "Latn, Cyrl, Arab", strip_diacritics = { Latn = s["tk-stripdiacritics"], Cyrl = s["tk-stripdiacritics"], }, sort_key = { Latn = { from = {"ç", "ä", "ž", "ň", "ö", "ş", "ü", "ý"}, to = {"c" .. p[1], "e" .. p[1], "j" .. p[1], "n" .. p[1], "o" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "u" .. p[1], "y" .. p[1]} }, Cyrl = { from = {"ё", "җ", "ң", "ө", "ү", "ә"}, to = {"е" .. p[1], "ж" .. p[1], "н" .. p[1], "о" .. p[1], "у" .. p[1], "э" .. p[1]} }, }, ancestors = "trk-eog", } m["tl"] = { "ตากาล็อก", 34057, "phi", "Latn, Tglg", translit = { Tglg = "tl-translit" }, override_translit = true, strip_diacritics = { Latn = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ} }, standard_chars = { Latn = "AaBbKkDdEeGgHhIiLlMmNnOoPpRrSsTtUuWwYy", c.punc }, sort_key = { Latn = "tl-sortkey", }, } m["tn"] = { "สวานา", 34137, "bnt-sts", "Latn", } m["to"] = { "ตองงา", 34094, "poz-ton", "Latn", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.acute}, sort_key = {remove_diacritics = c.macron}, } m["tr"] = { "ตุรกี", 256, "trk-ogz", "Latn", ancestors = "ota", dotted_dotless_i = true, sort_key = { from = { -- Ignore circumflex, but account for capital Î wrongly becoming ı + circ due to dotted dotless I logic. "ı" .. c.circ, c.circ, "i", -- Ensure "i" comes after "ı". "ç", "ğ", "ı", "ö", "ş", "ü" }, to = { "i", "", "i" .. p[1], "c" .. p[1], "g" .. p[1], "i", "o" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "u" .. p[1] } }, standard_chars = "AaÂâBbCcÇçDdEeFfGgĞğHhIıİiÎîJjKkLlMmNnOoÖöPpRrSsŞşTtUuÛûÜüVvYyZz" .. c.punc, } m["ts"] = { "Tsonga", 34327, "bnt-tsr", "Latn", } m["tt"] = { "ตาตาร์", 25285, "trk-kbu", "Cyrl, Latn, Arab", translit = { Cyrl = "tt-translit", Arab = "tt-translit" }, --override_translit = true, -- enable override until Module code can detect Russian loans such as [[аэропорт]] dotted_dotless_i = true, sort_key = { Cyrl = { from = {"ә", "ў", "ғ", "ё", "җ", "қ", "ң", "ө", "ү", "һ"}, to = {"а" .. p[1], "в" .. p[1], "г" .. p[1], "е" .. p[1], "ж" .. p[1], "к" .. p[1], "н" .. p[1], "о" .. p[1], "у" .. p[1], "х" .. p[1]} }, Latn = { from = { "i", -- Ensure "i" comes after "ı". "ä", "ə", "ç", "ğ", "ı", "ñ", "ŋ", "ö", "ɵ", "ş", "ü" }, to = { "i" .. p[1], "a" .. p[1], "a" .. p[2], "c" .. p[1], "g" .. p[1], "i", "n" .. p[1], "n" .. p[2], "o" .. p[1], "o" .. p[2], "s" .. p[1], "u" .. p[1] } }, }, } -- "tw" is treated as "ak", see [[WT:LT]] m["ty"] = { "ตาฮีตี", 34128, "poz-pep", "Latn", } m["ug"] = { "อุยกูร์", 13263, "trk-kar", "Arab, Latn, Cyrl", ancestors = "chg", translit = { Arab = "ug-translit-Thai", Cyrl = "ug-translit-Thai", }, override_translit = true, } m["uk"] = { "ยูเครน", 8798, "zle", "Cyrl", ancestors = "zle-muk", translit = "uk-translit-Thai", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute}, sort_key = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute, from = { "ї", -- 2 chars "ґ", "є", "і" -- 1 char }, to = { "и" .. p[2], "г" .. p[1], "е" .. p[1], "и" .. p[1] } }, standard_chars = "АаБбВвГгДдЕеЄєЖжЗзИиІіЇїЙйКкЛлМмНнОоПпРрСсТтУуФфХхЦцЧчШшЩщЬьЮюЯя" .. c.punc:gsub("'", ""), -- Exclude apostrophe. } m["ur"] = { "อูรดู", 1617, "inc-hnd", "Aran, Hebr", translit = { Aran = "ur-translit" }, strip_diacritics = { Aran = { -- character "ۂ" code U+06C2 to "ه" and "هٔ" (U+0647 + U+0654) to "ه"; hamzatu l-waṣli to a regular alif from = {"هٔ", "ۂ", "ٱ"}, to = {"ہ", "ہ", "ا"}, remove_diacritics = c.fathatan .. c.dammatan .. c.kasratan .. c.fatha .. c.damma .. c.kasra .. c.shadda .. c.sukun .. c.nunghunna .. c.superalef }, }, -- Hebr display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] standard_chars = { Aran = "ایببپتثجچحخدذرزژسشصضطظعغفقکگلࣇڷمنݨوؤہھئٹڈڑآے", c.punc, }, } m["uz"] = { "อุซเบก", 9264, "trk-kar", "Latn, Cyrl, Arab", ancestors = "chg", translit = { Cyrl = "uz-translit" }, sort_key = { Latn = { from = {"oʻ", "gʻ", "sh", "ch", "ng"}, to = {"z" .. p[1], "z" .. p[2], "z" .. p[3], "z" .. p[4], "z" .. p[5]} }, Cyrl = { from = {"ё", "ў", "қ", "ғ", "ҳ"}, to = {"е" .. p[1], "я" .. p[1], "я" .. p[2], "я" .. p[3], "я" .. p[4]} }, }, strip_diacritics = { Arab = "ar-stripdiacritics", }, } m["ve"] = { "เวนดา", 32704, "bnt-bso", "Latn", } m["vi"] = { "เวียดนาม", 9199, "mkh-vie", "Latn, Hani", ancestors = "mkh-mvi", --translit = {Latn = "vi-translit"}, -- already handled in Module:headword & Module:links sort_key = { Latn = "vi-sortkey", Hani = "Hani-sortkey", }, } m["vo"] = { "โวลาปุก", 36986, "art", "Latn", } m["wa"] = { "วัลลูน", 34219, "roa-oil", "Latn", sort_key = s["roa-oil-sortkey"], } m["wo"] = { "โวลอฟ", 34257, "alv-fwo", "Latn, Arab, Gara", } m["xh"] = { "โคซา", 13218, "bnt-ngu", "Latn", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.macron .. c.caron}, } m["yi"] = { "ยิดดิช", 8641, "gmw-hgm", "Hebr, Latn", ancestors = "gmh", translit = { Hebr = "yi-translit", }, -- Hebr display_text, strip_diacritics, sort_key in [[Module:scripts/data]] } m["yo"] = { "โยรูบา", 34311, "alv-yor", "Latn, Arab", strip_diacritics = { Latn = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.macron} }, sort_key = { Latn = { from = {"ẹ", "ɛ", "gb", "ị", "kp", "ọ", "ɔ", "ṣ", "sh", "ụ"}, to = {"e" .. p[1], "e" .. p[1], "g" .. p[1], "i" .. p[1], "k" .. p[1], "o" .. p[1], "o" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "s" .. p[1], "u" .. p[1]} }, }, } m["za"] = { "จ้วง", 13216, "tai", "Latn, Hani", sort_key = { Latn = "za-sortkey", Hani = "Hani-sortkey", }, } m["zh"] = { "จีน", 7850, "zhx", "Hants, Latn, Bopo, Nshu, Brai", ancestors = "ltc", generate_alternants = "zh-generatealternants", translit = { Hani = "zh-translit", Bopo = "zh-translit", }, sort_key = { Hani = "Hani-sortkey" }, } m["zu"] = { "ซูลู", 10179, "bnt-ngu", "Latn", strip_diacritics = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ .. c.macron .. c.caron}, } return require("Module:languages").finalizeData(m, "language") jacfd3334jgb5cc5ew11cwm4y3c9ftt 0 154623 5775733 5686160 2026-10-20T12:36:27Z Ai Ku Karng 17824 /* รากศัพท์ 1 */ 5775733 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาไทย == {{รมว}} {{wp}} [[File:Sand.jpg|thumb]] === รูปแบบอื่น === * {{alt|th|ซาย||เลิกใช้}} === การออกเสียง === {{th-pron|ซาย}} === รากศัพท์ 1 === {{inh+|th|th-ayu|*saːjᴬ⁴}} (Pittayaporn, 2016), จาก{{inh|th|tai-swe-pro|*zaːjᴬ⁴}}, จาก{{inh|th|tai-pro|*zwɯəjᴬ}}, จาก{{der|th|och|-}} {{och-l|沙}}; ร่วมเชื้อสายกับ{{cog|lo|ຊາຍ}}, {{cog|tts|ซาย}}, {{cog|nyw|ซาย}}, {{cog|nod|ᨪᩣ᩠ᨿ}}, {{cog|kkh|ᨪᩣ᩠ᨿ}}, {{cog|khb|ᦌᦻ}}, {{cog|blt|ꪏꪱꪥ‎}}, {{cog|shn|သၢႆး}}, {{cog|tdd|ᥔᥣᥭᥰ}}, {{cog|aho|𑜏𑜩}} หรือ {{m|aho|𑜏𑜩𑜤}}, {{cog|za|saiz}}, {{cog|zhn|saiz}}; เทียบ{{cog|sit-pro|*(s/z)a-j||ดิน, ทราย}} คำนี้เคยเขียนว่า "ซาย" ในเอกสารโบราณต่าง ๆ มาจนถึงก่อนคริสต์ศตวรรษที่ 18 แล้วเปลี่ยนมาสะกดเป็น "ทราย" ในช่วงคริสต์ศตวรรษที่ 18-19 สาเหตุเป็นไปได้ว่าเป็นความเข้าใจผิดอย่างแพร่หลายว่า คำนี้มีต้นกำเนิดมาจากภาษาเขมร ซึ่ง {{lang|km|ទ្រ}} (ทฺร) ในภาษาเขมรยืมมาแล้วออกเสียงเป็น "ซ" ในภาษาไทยมีอยู่หลายคำ ในขณะที่ภาษาเขมร {{m|km|ទ្រាយ}} หมายถึงกวางชนิดหนึ่ง ==== คำนาม ==== {{th-noun}} # [[วัตถุ]][[ที่]][[เป็น]][[เศษ]][[หิน]][[ขนาด]][[เล็ก]] [[มี]][[ลักษณะ]][[ซุย]][[ร่วน]][[ไม่]][[เกาะ]][[กัน]] มี[[หลาย]][[ชนิด]] #: {{ux|th|ทรายขี้เป็ด}} #: {{ux|th|ทรายหยาบ}} #: {{ux|th|ทรายละเอียด}} # [[ใช้]][[เรียก]][[สิ่ง]][[อื่น]]ที่มีลักษณะ[[อย่าง]]ทราย #: {{ux|th|เนื้อแตงโมเป็นทราย}} #: {{ux|th|น้ำตาลทราย}} ===== ลูกคำ ===== {{col4|th|กระดาษทราย|กระบะทราย|กระสอบทราย|แกนทราย|ขนทรายเข้าวัด|ขนมทราย|เครื่องอังทราย|ซ่อนทราย|ซัดทราย|ทรายแก้ว|ทรายดูด|ทรายแป้ง|ทองทราย|ทะเลทราย|นอนกลางดินกินกลางทราย|นาฬิกาทราย|น้ำซึมบ่อทราย|น้ำตาลทราย|แมวทราย|ย่างทราย|ย่านทราย|หินทราย}} ===== คำพ้องความ ===== * {{sense|วัตถุซุยร่วน}} {{l|th|กระไส}}, {{l|th|พาลุก}}, {{l|th|วาลิกา}}, {{l|th|วาลุกา}}, {{l|th|อุรุ}} ===== คำแปลภาษาอื่น ===== {{trans-top|วัตถุที่เป็นเศษหินขนาดเล็ก}} * กรีก: {{t+|el|άμμος|f}} * กะเหรี่ยง: *: โปตะวันออก: {{t|kjp|မေဝ်}} *: สะกอ: {{t|ksw|မဲး}} * กาโร: {{t|grt|an·cheng}}, {{t|grt|han·cheng}} * เกาหลี: {{t+|ko|모래}} * เขมร: {{t+|km|ខ្សាច់}}, {{t|km|ដីខ្សាច់}} * เขิน: {{t|kkh|ᨪᩣ᩠ᨿ}} * ครีโอลกาบูเวร์ดี: {{t|kea|areia}} * คำตี้: {{t|kht|ꩬၢဲး}} * คำเมือง: {{t+|nod|ᨪᩣ᩠ᨿ}} * จอร์เจีย: {{t|ka|ქვიშა}}, {{t|ka|სილა}} * จีน: *: กวางตุ้ง: {{t|yue|沙}}, {{t|yue|沙子}} *: ดุงกาน: {{t|dng|сазы}} *: หมิ่นตะวันออก: {{t|cdo|沙|tr=săi / să}} *: กั้น: {{t|gan|沙}} *: แคะ: {{t|hak|沙仔|tr=sâ-é}} *: หมิ่นใต้: {{t|nan-hbl|沙|tr=soa}} *: จิ้น: {{t|cjy|沙}} *: จีนกลาง: {{t+|cmn|沙|tr=shā}}, {{t+|cmn|沙子|tr=shāzi}} *: หมิ่นเหนือ: {{t|mnp|沙|tr=suói / sá}} *: อู๋: {{t|wuu|沙}} *: เซียง: {{t|hsn|沙}} * เจียเม่า: {{t|jio|ɗej¹}} * ชวา: {{t+|jv|ꦮꦼꦝꦶ}} * เช็ก: {{t+|cs|písek|m}} * ซุนดา: {{t+|su|ᮊᮩᮞᮤᮊ᮪}} * ซูก: {{t|tsg|buhangin}} * เซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย: *: ซีริลลิก: {{t|sh|пе́сак|m}}, {{t|sh|пије́сак|m}} *: ละติน: {{t+|sh|pésak|m}}, {{t+|sh|pijésak|m}} * ญัฮกุร: {{t|cbn|ฮึตึล}} * ญี่ปุ่น: {{t+|ja|砂|tr=すな, suna}} * ดัตช์: {{t+|nl|zand|n|tr=ซอนต์}} * เดนมาร์ก: {{t+|da|sand|n}} * ตากาล็อก: {{t+|tl|buhangin}} * ทิเบต: {{t|bo|བྱེ་མ}} * ไทดำ: {{t+|blt|ꪏꪱꪥ}} * ไทใต้คง: {{t|tdd|ᥔᥣᥭᥰ}} * ไทใหญ่: {{t+|shn|သၢႆး}} * นอร์เวย์: *: บุ๊กมอล: {{t+|nb|sand|m}} *: นือนอสก์: {{t|nn|sand|m}} * นีวเว: {{t|miu|one}} * บัลแกเรีย: {{t+|bg|пя́сък|m}} * โปรตุเกส: {{t+|pt|areia|f}} * โปแลนด์: {{t+|pl|piasek|m}} * ฝรั่งเศส: {{t+|fr|sable|m}} * ฟรีเชียตะวันตก: {{t+|fy|sân|n}} * ฟินแลนด์: {{t+|fi|hiekka}} * โภชปุระ: {{t|bho|बालू}} * มอญ: {{t|mnw|ဗ္တဳ}} * มาซิโดเนีย: {{t+|mk|песок|m}} * มาเลเซีย: {{t+|ms|pasir}}, {{t+|ms|ramal}} * มาวรี: {{t|mi|one}} * ยากัน: {{t|yka|umus}} * ยูเครน: {{t+|uk|пісо́к|m}} * เยอรมัน: {{t+|de|Sand|m}} * รัสเซีย: {{t+|ru|песо́к|m}} * โรมาเนีย: {{t+|ro|nisip|n}}, {{t+|ro|arină|f}} * ละติน: {{t|la|arēna|f}}, {{t|la|harēna|f}}, {{t|la|rāmentum|n}} * ลาว: {{t+|lo|ຊາຍ}} * เลอเวือะ: *: ตะวันออก: {{t|lwl|ฮมัจ}} * เวียดนาม: {{t+|vi|cát}} * สเปน: {{t+|es|arena|f}} * สโลวัก: {{t+|sk|piesok|m}} * สโลวีเนีย: {{t+|sl|pẹ́sək|m}} * สวีเดน: {{t+|sv|sand|c}} * สันสกฤต: {{t+|sa|सिकता|f}}, {{t+|sa|वालुका|f}}, {{t+|sa|शीतला|f}}, {{t+|sa|वालक|n}}, {{t+|sa|रेणु|m}} * แสก: {{t|skb|โย๊ย}} * อังกฤษ: {{t+|en|sand|tr=แซนด์}} * อาหม: {{t|aho|𑜏𑜩}} * อิตาลี: {{t+|it|sabbia|f}}, {{t+|it|rena|f}} * อินโดนีเซีย: {{t+|id|pasir}} * เอสโตเนีย: {{t+|et|liiv}} * เอสเปรันโต: {{t+|eo|sablo}} * ไอซ์แลนด์: {{t+|is|sandur|m}} * ฮาวาย: {{t|haw|one}} * ฮินดี: {{t+|hi|रेत|f}}, {{t+|hi|बालू|m}} {{trans-bottom}} === รากศัพท์ 2 === ==== คำนาม ==== {{th-noun}} # [[ชื่อ]][[หอย]][[กาบ]][[คู่]]หลายชนิด มี[[รูป]][[เปลือก]][[แตกต่าง]]กัน[[ไป]] ที่เป็นหอย[[น้ำจืด]] [[เช่น]] ชนิด ''Corbicula javanica'' (Mousson) [[ใน]][[วงศ์]] Corbiculidae ที่เป็นหอย[[ทะเล]] เช่น ชนิด ''Asaphis violascens'' (Forsskål) ในวงศ์ Psammobiidae === รากศัพท์ 3 === ==== คำนาม ==== {{th-noun}} # [[ปลา]][[รากกล้วย]] === รากศัพท์ 4 === ร่วมเชื้อสายกับ{{cog|lo|ຊາຍ}}, {{cog|km|ទ្រាយ||กวางใหญ่ชนิดหนึ่ง}} ==== คำนาม ==== {{th-noun}} # [[เนื้อทราย]] lgseqn5c9cpa5jhp0211w0a1i6fsjz0 0 169866 5775742 2022383 2026-10-21T02:31:27Z Thanawat Hongkao 17448 5775742 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาไทย == {{wikipedia}} [[ไฟล์:Traditional cappuccino.jpg|thumb|คัปปุชชีโน]] === รากศัพท์ === {{bor+|th|it|cappuccino}} === การออกเสียง === {{th-pron|คับ-ปุด-ชี-โน่}} === คำนาม === {{th-noun}} # กาแฟชนิดหนึ่งที่มีต้นกำเนืดที่ประเทศ[[อิตาลี]] ==== คำแปลภาษาอื่น ==== {{trans-top}} * กรีก: {{t+|el|καπουτσίνο|m}} * จีน: *: กลาง: {{t+|cmn|卡布奇諾}}, {{t+|cmn|卡布奇诺|tr=kǎbùjīnuò}}, {{t+|cmn|卡布其諾}}, {{t+|cmn|卡布其诺|tr=kǎbùqínuò}} * ญี่ปุ่น: {{t|ja|カプチーノ|tr=kapuchīno}} * ดัตช์ {{t+|nl|cappuccino|m}} * ตากาล็อก: {{t|tl|kaputsino}} * เยอรมัน: {{t+|de|Cappuccino|m}} * รัสเซีย: {{t+|ru|капучи́но|m|n}} * สเปน: {{t|es|capuchino|m}} * อังกฤษ: {{t+|en|cappuccino}} * อิตาลี: {{t+|it|cappuccino|m}} {{topics|th|เครื่องดื่ม}} t4bqh4u9jiyxr4efss3rn4ua8ecapye 5775743 5775742 2026-10-21T02:31:53Z Thanawat Hongkao 17448 /* คำแปลภาษาอื่น */ แก้ 5775743 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาไทย == {{wikipedia}} [[ไฟล์:Traditional cappuccino.jpg|thumb|คัปปุชชีโน]] === รากศัพท์ === {{bor+|th|it|cappuccino}} === การออกเสียง === {{th-pron|คับ-ปุด-ชี-โน่}} === คำนาม === {{th-noun}} # กาแฟชนิดหนึ่งที่มีต้นกำเนืดที่ประเทศ[[อิตาลี]] ==== คำแปลภาษาอื่น ==== {{trans-top}} * กรีก: {{t+|el|καπουτσίνο|m}} * จีน: *: กลาง: {{t+|cmn|卡布奇諾}}, {{t+|cmn|卡布奇诺|tr=kǎbùjīnuò}}, {{t+|cmn|卡布其諾}}, {{t+|cmn|卡布其诺|tr=kǎbùqínuò}} * ญี่ปุ่น: {{t|ja|カプチーノ|tr=kapuchīno}} * ดัตช์: {{t+|nl|cappuccino|m}} * ตากาล็อก: {{t|tl|kaputsino}} * เยอรมัน: {{t+|de|Cappuccino|m}} * รัสเซีย: {{t+|ru|капучи́но|m|n}} * สเปน: {{t|es|capuchino|m}} * อังกฤษ: {{t+|en|cappuccino}} * อิตาลี: {{t+|it|cappuccino|m}} {{topics|th|เครื่องดื่ม}} g763aw1zpp80gvnb3s9erv6hzr27q5p 5775744 5775743 2026-10-21T02:36:08Z Thanawat Hongkao 17448 /* คำแปลภาษาอื่น */ 5775744 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาไทย == {{wikipedia}} [[ไฟล์:Traditional cappuccino.jpg|thumb|คัปปุชชีโน]] === รากศัพท์ === {{bor+|th|it|cappuccino}} === การออกเสียง === {{th-pron|คับ-ปุด-ชี-โน่}} === คำนาม === {{th-noun}} # กาแฟชนิดหนึ่งที่มีต้นกำเนืดที่ประเทศ[[อิตาลี]] ==== คำแปลภาษาอื่น ==== {{trans-top}} * กรีก: {{t+|el|καπουτσίνο|m}} * เกาหลี: {{t|ko|카푸치노}} * จีน: *: กลาง: {{t+|cmn|卡布奇諾}}, {{t+|cmn|卡布奇诺|tr=kǎbùjīnuò}}, {{t+|cmn|卡布其諾}}, {{t+|cmn|卡布其诺|tr=kǎbùqínuò}} * ญี่ปุ่น: {{t|ja|カプチーノ|tr=kapuchīno}} * ดัตช์: {{t+|nl|cappuccino|m}} * ตากาล็อก: {{t|tl|kaputsino}} * เยอรมัน: {{t+|de|Cappuccino|m}} * รัสเซีย: {{t+|ru|капучи́но|m|n}} * สเปน: {{t|es|capuchino|m}} * อังกฤษ: {{t+|en|cappuccino}} * อิตาลี: {{t+|it|cappuccino|m}} {{topics|th|เครื่องดื่ม}} hjlf5rgyn06m8walk944ogxope5kla6 5775745 5775744 2026-10-21T02:37:02Z Thanawat Hongkao 17448 /* คำแปลภาษาอื่น */ 5775745 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาไทย == {{wikipedia}} [[ไฟล์:Traditional cappuccino.jpg|thumb|คัปปุชชีโน]] === รากศัพท์ === {{bor+|th|it|cappuccino}} === การออกเสียง === {{th-pron|คับ-ปุด-ชี-โน่}} === คำนาม === {{th-noun}} # กาแฟชนิดหนึ่งที่มีต้นกำเนืดที่ประเทศ[[อิตาลี]] ==== คำแปลภาษาอื่น ==== {{trans-top}} * กรีก: {{t+|el|καπουτσίνο|m}} * เกาหลี: {{t|ko|카푸치노}} * จีน: *: กลาง: {{t+|cmn|卡布奇諾}}, {{t+|cmn|卡布奇诺|tr=kǎbùjīnuò}}, {{t+|cmn|卡布其諾}}, {{t+|cmn|卡布其诺|tr=kǎbùqínuò}} * ญี่ปุ่น: {{t|ja|カプチーノ|tr=kapuchīno}} * ดัตช์: {{t+|nl|cappuccino|m}} * ตากาล็อก: {{t|tl|kaputsino}} * เยอรมัน: {{t+|de|Cappuccino|m}} * รัสเซีย: {{t+|ru|капучи́но|m|n}} * ลาว: {{t|lo|ຄາປູຊິໂນ້}} * สเปน: {{t|es|capuchino|m}} * อังกฤษ: {{t+|en|cappuccino}} * อิตาลี: {{t+|it|cappuccino|m}} {{topics|th|เครื่องดื่ม}} a5jjjz36u08drtx21u45q45fcno9odv 5775746 5775745 2026-10-21T02:39:33Z Thanawat Hongkao 17448 /* คำแปลภาษาอื่น */ 5775746 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาไทย == {{wikipedia}} [[ไฟล์:Traditional cappuccino.jpg|thumb|คัปปุชชีโน]] === รากศัพท์ === {{bor+|th|it|cappuccino}} === การออกเสียง === {{th-pron|คับ-ปุด-ชี-โน่}} === คำนาม === {{th-noun}} # กาแฟชนิดหนึ่งที่มีต้นกำเนืดที่ประเทศ[[อิตาลี]] ==== คำแปลภาษาอื่น ==== {{trans-top}} * กรีก: {{t+|el|καπουτσίνο|m}} * เกาหลี: {{t|ko|카푸치노}} * จีน: *: กลาง: {{t+|cmn|卡布奇諾}}, {{t+|cmn|卡布奇诺|tr=kǎbùjīnuò}}, {{t+|cmn|卡布其諾}}, {{t+|cmn|卡布其诺|tr=kǎbùqínuò}} * ญี่ปุ่น: {{t|ja|カプチーノ|tr=kapuchīno}} * ดัตช์: {{t+|nl|cappuccino|m}} * ตากาล็อก: {{t|tl|kaputsino}} * มาเลย์: {{t|ms|kapucino}} * เยอรมัน: {{t+|de|Cappuccino|m}} * รัสเซีย: {{t+|ru|капучи́но|m|n}} * ลาว: {{t|lo|ຄາປູຊິໂນ້}} * สเปน: {{t|es|capuchino|m}} * อังกฤษ: {{t+|en|cappuccino}} * อิตาลี: {{t+|it|cappuccino|m}} {{topics|th|เครื่องดื่ม}} l1utx7cjh24npq99hz10mt5wa2cc4mx 5775747 5775746 2026-10-21T02:40:50Z Thanawat Hongkao 17448 /* คำแปลภาษาอื่น */ 5775747 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาไทย == {{wikipedia}} [[ไฟล์:Traditional cappuccino.jpg|thumb|คัปปุชชีโน]] === รากศัพท์ === {{bor+|th|it|cappuccino}} === การออกเสียง === {{th-pron|คับ-ปุด-ชี-โน่}} === คำนาม === {{th-noun}} # กาแฟชนิดหนึ่งที่มีต้นกำเนืดที่ประเทศ[[อิตาลี]] ==== คำแปลภาษาอื่น ==== {{trans-top}} * กรีก: {{t+|el|καπουτσίνο|m}} * เกาหลี: {{t|ko|카푸치노}} * เขมร: {{t|km|កាពូស៊ីណូ}} * จีน: *: กลาง: {{t+|cmn|卡布奇諾}}, {{t+|cmn|卡布奇诺|tr=kǎbùjīnuò}}, {{t+|cmn|卡布其諾}}, {{t+|cmn|卡布其诺|tr=kǎbùqínuò}} * ญี่ปุ่น: {{t|ja|カプチーノ|tr=kapuchīno}} * ดัตช์: {{t+|nl|cappuccino|m}} * ตากาล็อก: {{t|tl|kaputsino}} * มาเลย์: {{t|ms|kapucino}} * เยอรมัน: {{t+|de|Cappuccino|m}} * รัสเซีย: {{t+|ru|капучи́но|m|n}} * ลาว: {{t|lo|ຄາປູຊິໂນ້}} * สเปน: {{t|es|capuchino|m}} * อังกฤษ: {{t+|en|cappuccino}} * อิตาลี: {{t+|it|cappuccino|m}} {{topics|th|เครื่องดื่ม}} tq1buiuoffwq43u2qyx7ezla40om6yt 5775748 5775747 2026-10-21T02:42:30Z Thanawat Hongkao 17448 /* คำแปลภาษาอื่น */ 5775748 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาไทย == {{wikipedia}} [[ไฟล์:Traditional cappuccino.jpg|thumb|คัปปุชชีโน]] === รากศัพท์ === {{bor+|th|it|cappuccino}} === การออกเสียง === {{th-pron|คับ-ปุด-ชี-โน่}} === คำนาม === {{th-noun}} # กาแฟชนิดหนึ่งที่มีต้นกำเนืดที่ประเทศ[[อิตาลี]] ==== คำแปลภาษาอื่น ==== {{trans-top}} * กรีก: {{t+|el|καπουτσίνο|m}} * เกาหลี: {{t|ko|카푸치노}} * เขมร: {{t|km|កាពូស៊ីណូ}} * จีน: *: กลาง: {{t+|cmn|卡布奇諾}}, {{t+|cmn|卡布奇诺|tr=kǎbùjīnuò}}, {{t+|cmn|卡布其諾}}, {{t+|cmn|卡布其诺|tr=kǎbùqínuò}} * ญี่ปุ่น: {{t|ja|カプチーノ|tr=kapuchīno}} * ดัตช์: {{t+|nl|cappuccino|m}} * ตากาล็อก: {{t|tl|kaputsino}} * มาเลย์: {{t|ms|kapucino}} * เยอรมัน: {{t+|de|Cappuccino|m}} * รัสเซีย: {{t+|ru|капучи́но|m|n}} * ลาว: {{t|lo|ຄາປູຊິໂນ້}} * เวียดนาม: {{t|vi|cà phê sữa}}, {{t|vi|ca-pu-chi-nô}} * สเปน: {{t|es|capuchino|m}} * อังกฤษ: {{t+|en|cappuccino}} * อิตาลี: {{t+|it|cappuccino|m}} {{topics|th|เครื่องดื่ม}} 5x3alpin9wcw092snn8b6l01dbo0qd4 0 170986 5775739 1351613 2026-10-20T15:32:58Z Flummont 14330 /* ภาษาอังกฤษ */ 5775739 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาอังกฤษ == === การออกเสียง === * {{IPA|en|/ˈpræktis/}} === คำกริยา === {{en-verb}} # ฝึกซ้อม # ทำเป็นประจำ # [[คล่องแคล่ว]] (ส่วนใหญ่ใช้สำหรับยาหรือกฎ) ==== คำเกี่ยวข้อง ==== * [[practice]] 0rm6qdxcxfnfqbkfbp7ynk20tjslsuk 0 261917 5775738 1217673 2026-10-20T15:31:20Z Flummont 14330 /* ภาษาสเปน */ 5775738 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาสเปน == === รากศัพท์ === จาก{{der|es|la|oeconomia}}, จาก{{der|es|grc|οἰκονομία}} "management of the house, administration", จาก{{m|grc|οἶκος}} "บ้าน" + {{m|grc|νόμος}} "กฎ". === การออกเสียง === * {{es-IPA}} * {{hyph|es|e|co|no|mí|a}} * {{audio|es|es-economía.ogg}} {{wikipedia|lang=es}} === คำนาม === {{es-noun|f}} # [[เศรษฐกิจ]] ==== ลูกคำ ==== {{top3}} * {{l|es|econometría|g=f}} * {{l|es|economía de mercado|g=f}} {{mid3}} * {{l|es|economía planificada|g=f}} * {{l|es|economista|g=m}} {{mid3}} * {{l|es|macroeconomía|g=f}} * {{l|es|microeconomía|g=f}} {{bottom}} ==== คำที่เกี่ยวข้อง ==== * {{l|es|económico}} pq8drxn0xqye2bpy0npvuo4ee2t541s 0 303830 5775761 1917988 2026-10-21T05:50:27Z GinGlaep 7155 /* ภาษาไทย */ 5775761 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also/auto}} == ภาษาไทย == {{wp}} [[File:Rust on iron.jpg|thumb|สนิม]] === การออกเสียง === {{th-pron|สะ-หฺนิม}} === รากศัพท์ 1 === {{rfe|th}} ==== คำนาม ==== {{th-noun}} # [[ส่วน]][[ของ]][[ผิว]][[โลหะ]][[ที่]][[แปร]][[สภาพ]][[ไป]][[จาก]][[เดิม]][[เนื่องด้วย]][[ปฏิกิริยา]][[เคมี]][[เป็น]][[สาเหตุ]][[ให้]][[เกิด]][[การผุ]][[กร่อน]] #: {{ux|th|มีดขึ้นสนิม}} # [[มลทิน]] #: {{ux|th|สนิมในใจ}} ===== คำแปลภาษาอื่น ===== {{trans-top|ส่วนของผิวโลหะ}} * กาลาตา: {{t+|ca|rovell|m|tr=รูแบล์ย}} * เกาหลี: {{t+|ko|녹(綠)}}, {{t+|ko|록}} {{q|เกาหลีเหนือ}} * เขมร: {{t+|km|ច្រែះ}} * เขมรเหนือ: {{t|kxm|จแร็ฮ}} * คำเมือง: {{t+|nod|ᨡᩦ᩶ᩉ᩠ᨾ᩠ᨿ᩶ᨦ}} * จีน: *: กวางตุ้ง: {{t|yue|鏽}} *: จีนกลาง: {{t+|cmn|鏽}} * ญ้อ: {{t|nyw|ขี้เมี้ยง}} * ญี่ปุ่น: {{t+|ja|錆|tr=さび, sabi}} * ดัตช์: {{t+|nl|roest|m|n|tr=รูสต์}} * เดนมาร์ก: {{t+|da|rust|c}} * ตากาล็อก: {{t|tl|kalawang}} * ไทใหญ่: {{t+|shn|ႁေႃ}} * นอร์เวย์: *: นอร์เวย์แบบบุ๊กมอล: {{t+|nb|rust|m|f}} *: นอร์เวย์แบบนือนอสก์: {{t|nn|rust|f}} * โปรตุเกส: {{t+|pt|ferrugem|f|tr=ฟือร์รูไฌง์}} * ฝรั่งเศส: {{t+|fr|rouille|f|tr=รูย}} * พม่า: {{t+|my|သံချေး}} * มาเลเซีย: {{t+|ms|karat}}, {{t|ms|tahi besi}} * เยอรมัน: {{t+|de|Rost|m|tr=รอสต์}} * ละติน: {{t+|la|aerugo|f}} * ลาว: {{t+|lo|ຂີ້ໝ້ຽງ}} * เวียดนาม: {{t+|vi|rỉ sét}} * สเปน: {{t+|es|óxido|m}}, {{t+|es|orín|m}}, {{t+|es|herrumbre|f}} * สวีเดน: {{t+|sv|rost|c}} * อังกฤษ: {{t+|en|rust|tr=รัสต์}} * อินโดนีเซีย: {{t+|id|karat}} * ฮินดี: {{t+|hi|मोरचा|m}}, {{t+|hi|जंग|m}}, {{t|hi|ज़ंग|m}} {{trans-bottom}} === รากศัพท์ 2 === {{bor+|th|okz|ថ្និំ}}, {{m|okz|ត្និំ}}, {{m|okz|ថ្ន្យំ}} ==== รูปแบบอื่น ==== * {{alt|th|ถนิม}} ==== คำนาม ==== {{th-noun}} # {{lb|th|แบบ|กลอน}} [[เครื่องประดับ]] pfrlmtd3njt4cgisb9j0j3y5gk3e43x 0 332035 5775736 1766509 2026-10-20T15:26:47Z Flummont 14330 /* ภาษาฮีบรู */ 5775736 wikitext text/x-wiki ==ภาษาฮีบรู== ===รากศัพท์=== {{HE root|לאך}} ย่อมาจาก {{m-self|he||*מְלְאָכָה|tr=*məlʾāḵā́}}, เกี่ยวข้องกับ {{m|he|מַלְאָךְ|tr=mal'ákh|t=ผู้แจ้งข่าว}} ===คำนาม=== {{he-noun|wv=מְלָאכָה|tr=məlāḵā́|g=f|pl=מְלָאכוֹת|cons=מְלֶאכֶת|plcons=מְלָאכוֹת}} # [[การส่ง]], [[การมอบหมาย]][[หน้าที่]] #* {{RQ:Tanach|17|1|8}} #*: {{quote|he|וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ אֵלָ֔יו הַגִּידָה־נָּ֣א לָ֔נוּ בַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר לְמִי־הָרָעָ֥ה הַזֹּ֖את לָ֑נוּ מַה־מְּלַאכְתְּךָ֙ וּמֵאַ֣יִן תָּבֹ֔וא מָ֣ה אַרְצֶ֔ךָ וְאֵֽי־מִזֶּ֥ה עַ֖ם אָֽתָּה|t=พวกเขาก็เลยพูดกับโยนาห์ว่า ช่วยบอกหน่อยสิว่าเป็นความผิดของใคร ที่ทำให้เกิดเรื่องเลวร้ายนี้ขึ้น เจ้ามาทำอะไรบนเรือลำนี้ เจ้ามาจากไหน มาจากประเทศอะไร เจ้าเป็นคนชาติไหน” (พระคริสตธรรมคัมภีร์: ฉบับอ่านเข้าใจง่าย)}} #* {{RQ:Tanach|28|18|9}} #*: {{quote|he|גַּ֭ם מִתְרַפֶּ֣ה בִמְלַאכְתֹּ֑ו אָ֥ח ה֝֗וּא לְבַ֣עַל מַשְׁחִֽית|t=คนขี้เกียจหลังยาวที่ไม่ยอมทำงานของตน เป็นพี่น้องกับคนที่ชอบทำลาย (พระคริสตธรรมคัมภีร์: ฉบับอ่านเข้าใจง่าย)}} #* {{RQ:Tanach|28|22|29}} #*: {{quote|he|חָזִ֡יתָ אִ֤ישׁ ׀ מָ֘הִ֤יר בִּמְלַאכְתֹּ֗ו לִֽפְנֵֽי־מְלָכִ֥ים יִתְיַצָּ֑ב בַּל־יִ֝תְיַצֵּב לִפְנֵ֥י חֲשֻׁכִּֽים|t=เจ้าเห็นคนที่ชำนาญงานนั้นไหม เขาจะได้ยืนรับใช้พวกกษัตริย์ ไม่ใช่ชาวบ้านธรรมดา (พระคริสตธรรมคัมภีร์: ฉบับอ่านเข้าใจง่าย)}} # [[อาชีพ]], [[ธุรกิจ]]; [[งาน]]; [[การบริการ]] #* {{RQ:Tanach|3|23|31|t=JPS}} #*: {{quote|he|כָּל־'''מְלָאכָה''' לֹא תַעֲשׂוּ חֻקַּת עוֹלָם לְדֹרֹתֵיכֶם בְּכֹל מֹשְׁבֹתֵיכֶם׃|tr=Kol '''m'lakhá''' lo ta'asú; ḥukát olám l-dorotekhém b-khol moshvoteikhém|t=เจ้าต้องไม่ทำงานในวันนั้น กฎนี้จะใช้ตลอดไปจนชั่วลูกชั่วหลานของเจ้า ไม่ว่าเจ้าจะอาศัยอยู่ที่ไหนก็ตาม (พระคริสตธรรมคัมภีร์: ฉบับอ่านเข้าใจง่าย)}} # [[หัตถกรรม]] # {{lb|he|กฎทางศาสนายิว}} [[การ]][[งาน]][[หรือ]][[กิจกรรม]][[ใด]] ๆ [[ที่]][[ห้าม]][[ทำ]][[ใน]][[วัน]][[สะบาโต]][[และ]][[วัน]][[ศักดิ์สิทธิ์]][[อื่น]] ๆ # [[กิจ]], [[สิ่งของ]], [[สิ่ง]] ====การผันรูป==== {{he-decl|מְלָאכָה|מְלֶאכֶת־|מְלַאכְתּוֹ|p|מְלָאכוֹת}} ====คำลูกกลุ่ม==== {{rel-top4|มะลาฅต (m'lakhot) 39 ชนิด}} * {{l|he|זוֹרֵעַ}} * {{l|he|חוֹרֵשׁ}} * {{l|he|קוֹצֵר}} * {{l|he|מְעַמֵּר}} * {{l|he|דָּשׁ}} * {{l|he|זוֹרֶה}} * {{l|he|בּוֹרֵר}} * {{l|he|טוֹחֵן}} * {{l|he|מְרַקֵּד}} * {{l|he|לָשׁ}} * {{l|he|אוֹפֶה}} / {{l|he|מְבַשֵּׁל}} * {{l|he|גּוֹזֵז}} * {{l|he|מְלַבֵּן}} * {{l|he|מְנַפֵּץ}} * {{l|he|צוֹבֵעַ}} * {{l|he|טוֹוֶה}} * {{l|he|מֵסֵךְ}} * {{l|he|עוֹשֶׂה שְׁנֵי בָתֵּי נִירִין}} * {{l|he|אוֹרֵג}} * {{l|he|פּוֹצֵעַ}} * {{l|he|קוֹשֵׁר}} * {{l|he|מַתִּיר}} * {{l|he|תּוֹפֵר}} * {{l|he|קוֹרֵעַ}} * {{l|he|צָד}} * {{l|he|שׁוֹחֵט}} * {{l|he|מַפְשִׁיט}} * {{l|he|מוֹלֵחַ}} หรือ {{l|he|מְעַבֵּד}} * [ {{l|he|שִׂרְטוּט}} ] * {{l|he|מוֹחֵק עוֹר}} * {{l|he|מְחַתֵּךְ}} * {{l|he|כּוֹתֵב}} * {{l|he|מוֹחֵק כְּתָב}} * {{l|he|בּוֹנֶה}} * {{l|he|סוֹתֵר}} * {{l|he|מְכַבֶּה}} * {{l|he|מַבְעִיר}} * {{l|he|מַכֶּה בַפַּטִּישׁ}} * {{l|he|הוֹצָאָה}} {{rel-bottom}} ====คำเกี่ยวข้อง==== * {{l|he|אב מלאכה}} * {{l|he|תולדות מלאכה}} * {{l|he|מְלָאכוּתִי|tr=melakhutí}} (เป็นผลของงานเพื่อปรับปรุง ไม่ใช่กระบวนการธรรมชาติ) ====ดูเพิ่ม==== * {{l|he|עֲבוֹדָה|tr='avodá}} * {{he-l|אומנות|dwv=אֻמָּנוּת|tr=umanút}} [[หมวดหมู่:ศัพท์ฮีบรูที่สะกดตามรากศัพท์ด้วยตัวอะเล็ฟที่ไม่ออกเสียง]] 0s6t4gukeagzriqym0n2b8eb1vjfb08 5775762 5775736 2026-10-21T06:10:50Z Octahedron80 267 /* ภาษาฮีบรู */ 5775762 wikitext text/x-wiki ==ภาษาฮีบรู== ===รากศัพท์=== {{HE root|לאך}} ย่อมาจาก {{m-self|he||*מְלְאָכָה}}, เกี่ยวข้องกับ {{m|he|מַלְאָךְ|t=ผู้แจ้งข่าว}} ===คำนาม=== {{he-noun|wv=מְלָאכָה|g=f|pl=מְלָאכוֹת|cons=מְלֶאכֶת|plcons=מְלָאכוֹת}} # [[การส่ง]], [[การมอบหมาย]][[หน้าที่]] #* {{RQ:Tanach|17|1|8}} #*: {{quote|he|וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ אֵלָ֔יו הַגִּידָה־נָּ֣א לָ֔נוּ בַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר לְמִי־הָרָעָ֥ה הַזֹּ֖את לָ֑נוּ מַה־מְּלַאכְתְּךָ֙ וּמֵאַ֣יִן תָּבֹ֔וא מָ֣ה אַרְצֶ֔ךָ וְאֵֽי־מִזֶּ֥ה עַ֖ם אָֽתָּה|t=พวกเขาก็เลยพูดกับโยนาห์ว่า ช่วยบอกหน่อยสิว่าเป็นความผิดของใคร ที่ทำให้เกิดเรื่องเลวร้ายนี้ขึ้น เจ้ามาทำอะไรบนเรือลำนี้ เจ้ามาจากไหน มาจากประเทศอะไร เจ้าเป็นคนชาติไหน” (พระคริสตธรรมคัมภีร์: ฉบับอ่านเข้าใจง่าย)}} #* {{RQ:Tanach|28|18|9}} #*: {{quote|he|גַּ֭ם מִתְרַפֶּ֣ה בִמְלַאכְתֹּ֑ו אָ֥ח ה֝֗וּא לְבַ֣עַל מַשְׁחִֽית|t=คนขี้เกียจหลังยาวที่ไม่ยอมทำงานของตน เป็นพี่น้องกับคนที่ชอบทำลาย (พระคริสตธรรมคัมภีร์: ฉบับอ่านเข้าใจง่าย)}} #* {{RQ:Tanach|28|22|29}} #*: {{quote|he|חָזִ֡יתָ אִ֤ישׁ ׀ מָ֘הִ֤יר בִּמְלַאכְתֹּ֗ו לִֽפְנֵֽי־מְלָכִ֥ים יִתְיַצָּ֑ב בַּל־יִ֝תְיַצֵּב לִפְנֵ֥י חֲשֻׁכִּֽים|t=เจ้าเห็นคนที่ชำนาญงานนั้นไหม เขาจะได้ยืนรับใช้พวกกษัตริย์ ไม่ใช่ชาวบ้านธรรมดา (พระคริสตธรรมคัมภีร์: ฉบับอ่านเข้าใจง่าย)}} # [[อาชีพ]], [[ธุรกิจ]]; [[งาน]]; [[การบริการ]] #* {{RQ:Tanach|3|23|31|t=JPS}} #*: {{quote|he|כָּל־'''מְלָאכָה''' לֹא תַעֲשׂוּ חֻקַּת עוֹלָם לְדֹרֹתֵיכֶם בְּכֹל מֹשְׁבֹתֵיכֶם׃|tr=Kol '''m'lakhá''' lo ta'asú; ḥukát olám l-dorotekhém b-khol moshvoteikhém|t=เจ้าต้องไม่ทำงานในวันนั้น กฎนี้จะใช้ตลอดไปจนชั่วลูกชั่วหลานของเจ้า ไม่ว่าเจ้าจะอาศัยอยู่ที่ไหนก็ตาม (พระคริสตธรรมคัมภีร์: ฉบับอ่านเข้าใจง่าย)}} # [[หัตถกรรม]] # {{lb|he|กฎทางศาสนายิว}} [[การ]][[งาน]][[หรือ]][[กิจกรรม]][[ใด]] ๆ [[ที่]][[ห้าม]][[ทำ]][[ใน]][[วัน]][[สะบาโต]][[และ]][[วัน]][[ศักดิ์สิทธิ์]][[อื่น]] ๆ # [[กิจ]], [[สิ่งของ]], [[สิ่ง]] ====การผันรูป==== {{he-decl|מְלָאכָה|מְלֶאכֶת־|מְלַאכְתּוֹ|p|מְלָאכוֹת}} ====คำลูกกลุ่ม==== {{rel-top4|มะลาฅต (m'lakhot) 39 ชนิด}} * {{l|he|זוֹרֵעַ}} * {{l|he|חוֹרֵשׁ}} * {{l|he|קוֹצֵר}} * {{l|he|מְעַמֵּר}} * {{l|he|דָּשׁ}} * {{l|he|זוֹרֶה}} * {{l|he|בּוֹרֵר}} * {{l|he|טוֹחֵן}} * {{l|he|מְרַקֵּד}} * {{l|he|לָשׁ}} * {{l|he|אוֹפֶה}} / {{l|he|מְבַשֵּׁל}} * {{l|he|גּוֹזֵז}} * {{l|he|מְלַבֵּן}} * {{l|he|מְנַפֵּץ}} * {{l|he|צוֹבֵעַ}} * {{l|he|טוֹוֶה}} * {{l|he|מֵסֵךְ}} * {{l|he|עוֹשֶׂה שְׁנֵי בָתֵּי נִירִין}} * {{l|he|אוֹרֵג}} * {{l|he|פּוֹצֵעַ}} * {{l|he|קוֹשֵׁר}} * {{l|he|מַתִּיר}} * {{l|he|תּוֹפֵר}} * {{l|he|קוֹרֵעַ}} * {{l|he|צָד}} * {{l|he|שׁוֹחֵט}} * {{l|he|מַפְשִׁיט}} * {{l|he|מוֹלֵחַ}} หรือ {{l|he|מְעַבֵּד}} * [ {{l|he|שִׂרְטוּט}} ] * {{l|he|מוֹחֵק עוֹר}} * {{l|he|מְחַתֵּךְ}} * {{l|he|כּוֹתֵב}} * {{l|he|מוֹחֵק כְּתָב}} * {{l|he|בּוֹנֶה}} * {{l|he|סוֹתֵר}} * {{l|he|מְכַבֶּה}} * {{l|he|מַבְעִיר}} * {{l|he|מַכֶּה בַפַּטִּישׁ}} * {{l|he|הוֹצָאָה}} {{rel-bottom}} ====คำเกี่ยวข้อง==== * {{l|he|אב מלאכה}} * {{l|he|תולדות מלאכה}} * {{l|he|מְלָאכוּתִי|tr=melakhutí}} (เป็นผลของงานเพื่อปรับปรุง ไม่ใช่กระบวนการธรรมชาติ) ====ดูเพิ่ม==== * {{l|he|עֲבוֹדָה|tr='avodá}} * {{he-l|אומנות|dwv=אֻמָּנוּת|tr=umanút}} [[หมวดหมู่:ศัพท์ฮีบรูที่สะกดตามรากศัพท์ด้วยตัวอะเล็ฟที่ไม่ออกเสียง]] 4j30o3mcy6ersw8sewjb4qgsmrith4w 5775765 5775762 2026-10-21T06:15:09Z Octahedron80 267 /* คำเกี่ยวข้อง */ 5775765 wikitext text/x-wiki ==ภาษาฮีบรู== ===รากศัพท์=== {{HE root|לאך}} ย่อมาจาก {{m-self|he||*מְלְאָכָה}}, เกี่ยวข้องกับ {{m|he|מַלְאָךְ|t=ผู้แจ้งข่าว}} ===คำนาม=== {{he-noun|wv=מְלָאכָה|g=f|pl=מְלָאכוֹת|cons=מְלֶאכֶת|plcons=מְלָאכוֹת}} # [[การส่ง]], [[การมอบหมาย]][[หน้าที่]] #* {{RQ:Tanach|17|1|8}} #*: {{quote|he|וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ אֵלָ֔יו הַגִּידָה־נָּ֣א לָ֔נוּ בַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר לְמִי־הָרָעָ֥ה הַזֹּ֖את לָ֑נוּ מַה־מְּלַאכְתְּךָ֙ וּמֵאַ֣יִן תָּבֹ֔וא מָ֣ה אַרְצֶ֔ךָ וְאֵֽי־מִזֶּ֥ה עַ֖ם אָֽתָּה|t=พวกเขาก็เลยพูดกับโยนาห์ว่า ช่วยบอกหน่อยสิว่าเป็นความผิดของใคร ที่ทำให้เกิดเรื่องเลวร้ายนี้ขึ้น เจ้ามาทำอะไรบนเรือลำนี้ เจ้ามาจากไหน มาจากประเทศอะไร เจ้าเป็นคนชาติไหน” (พระคริสตธรรมคัมภีร์: ฉบับอ่านเข้าใจง่าย)}} #* {{RQ:Tanach|28|18|9}} #*: {{quote|he|גַּ֭ם מִתְרַפֶּ֣ה בִמְלַאכְתֹּ֑ו אָ֥ח ה֝֗וּא לְבַ֣עַל מַשְׁחִֽית|t=คนขี้เกียจหลังยาวที่ไม่ยอมทำงานของตน เป็นพี่น้องกับคนที่ชอบทำลาย (พระคริสตธรรมคัมภีร์: ฉบับอ่านเข้าใจง่าย)}} #* {{RQ:Tanach|28|22|29}} #*: {{quote|he|חָזִ֡יתָ אִ֤ישׁ ׀ מָ֘הִ֤יר בִּמְלַאכְתֹּ֗ו לִֽפְנֵֽי־מְלָכִ֥ים יִתְיַצָּ֑ב בַּל־יִ֝תְיַצֵּב לִפְנֵ֥י חֲשֻׁכִּֽים|t=เจ้าเห็นคนที่ชำนาญงานนั้นไหม เขาจะได้ยืนรับใช้พวกกษัตริย์ ไม่ใช่ชาวบ้านธรรมดา (พระคริสตธรรมคัมภีร์: ฉบับอ่านเข้าใจง่าย)}} # [[อาชีพ]], [[ธุรกิจ]]; [[งาน]]; [[การบริการ]] #* {{RQ:Tanach|3|23|31|t=JPS}} #*: {{quote|he|כָּל־'''מְלָאכָה''' לֹא תַעֲשׂוּ חֻקַּת עוֹלָם לְדֹרֹתֵיכֶם בְּכֹל מֹשְׁבֹתֵיכֶם׃|tr=Kol '''m'lakhá''' lo ta'asú; ḥukát olám l-dorotekhém b-khol moshvoteikhém|t=เจ้าต้องไม่ทำงานในวันนั้น กฎนี้จะใช้ตลอดไปจนชั่วลูกชั่วหลานของเจ้า ไม่ว่าเจ้าจะอาศัยอยู่ที่ไหนก็ตาม (พระคริสตธรรมคัมภีร์: ฉบับอ่านเข้าใจง่าย)}} # [[หัตถกรรม]] # {{lb|he|กฎทางศาสนายิว}} [[การ]][[งาน]][[หรือ]][[กิจกรรม]][[ใด]] ๆ [[ที่]][[ห้าม]][[ทำ]][[ใน]][[วัน]][[สะบาโต]][[และ]][[วัน]][[ศักดิ์สิทธิ์]][[อื่น]] ๆ # [[กิจ]], [[สิ่งของ]], [[สิ่ง]] ====การผันรูป==== {{he-decl|מְלָאכָה|מְלֶאכֶת־|מְלַאכְתּוֹ|p|מְלָאכוֹת}} ====คำลูกกลุ่ม==== {{rel-top4|มะลาฅต (m'lakhot) 39 ชนิด}} * {{l|he|זוֹרֵעַ}} * {{l|he|חוֹרֵשׁ}} * {{l|he|קוֹצֵר}} * {{l|he|מְעַמֵּר}} * {{l|he|דָּשׁ}} * {{l|he|זוֹרֶה}} * {{l|he|בּוֹרֵר}} * {{l|he|טוֹחֵן}} * {{l|he|מְרַקֵּד}} * {{l|he|לָשׁ}} * {{l|he|אוֹפֶה}} / {{l|he|מְבַשֵּׁל}} * {{l|he|גּוֹזֵז}} * {{l|he|מְלַבֵּן}} * {{l|he|מְנַפֵּץ}} * {{l|he|צוֹבֵעַ}} * {{l|he|טוֹוֶה}} * {{l|he|מֵסֵךְ}} * {{l|he|עוֹשֶׂה שְׁנֵי בָתֵּי נִירִין}} * {{l|he|אוֹרֵג}} * {{l|he|פּוֹצֵעַ}} * {{l|he|קוֹשֵׁר}} * {{l|he|מַתִּיר}} * {{l|he|תּוֹפֵר}} * {{l|he|קוֹרֵעַ}} * {{l|he|צָד}} * {{l|he|שׁוֹחֵט}} * {{l|he|מַפְשִׁיט}} * {{l|he|מוֹלֵחַ}} หรือ {{l|he|מְעַבֵּד}} * [ {{l|he|שִׂרְטוּט}} ] * {{l|he|מוֹחֵק עוֹר}} * {{l|he|מְחַתֵּךְ}} * {{l|he|כּוֹתֵב}} * {{l|he|מוֹחֵק כְּתָב}} * {{l|he|בּוֹנֶה}} * {{l|he|סוֹתֵר}} * {{l|he|מְכַבֶּה}} * {{l|he|מַבְעִיר}} * {{l|he|מַכֶּה בַפַּטִּישׁ}} * {{l|he|הוֹצָאָה}} {{rel-bottom}} ====คำเกี่ยวข้อง==== * {{l|he|אב מלאכה}} * {{l|he|תולדות מלאכה}} * {{l|he|מְלָאכוּתִי}} (เป็นผลของงานเพื่อปรับปรุง ไม่ใช่กระบวนการธรรมชาติ) ====ดูเพิ่ม==== * {{l|he|עֲבוֹדָה|tr='avodá}} * {{he-l|אומנות|dwv=אֻמָּנוּת|tr=umanút}} [[หมวดหมู่:ศัพท์ฮีบรูที่สะกดตามรากศัพท์ด้วยตัวอะเล็ฟที่ไม่ออกเสียง]] a19twa8elca8a9us9gtzcn5thqhwbym 5775766 5775765 2026-10-21T06:15:24Z Octahedron80 267 /* ดูเพิ่ม */ 5775766 wikitext text/x-wiki ==ภาษาฮีบรู== ===รากศัพท์=== {{HE root|לאך}} ย่อมาจาก {{m-self|he||*מְלְאָכָה}}, เกี่ยวข้องกับ {{m|he|מַלְאָךְ|t=ผู้แจ้งข่าว}} ===คำนาม=== {{he-noun|wv=מְלָאכָה|g=f|pl=מְלָאכוֹת|cons=מְלֶאכֶת|plcons=מְלָאכוֹת}} # [[การส่ง]], [[การมอบหมาย]][[หน้าที่]] #* {{RQ:Tanach|17|1|8}} #*: {{quote|he|וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ אֵלָ֔יו הַגִּידָה־נָּ֣א לָ֔נוּ בַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר לְמִי־הָרָעָ֥ה הַזֹּ֖את לָ֑נוּ מַה־מְּלַאכְתְּךָ֙ וּמֵאַ֣יִן תָּבֹ֔וא מָ֣ה אַרְצֶ֔ךָ וְאֵֽי־מִזֶּ֥ה עַ֖ם אָֽתָּה|t=พวกเขาก็เลยพูดกับโยนาห์ว่า ช่วยบอกหน่อยสิว่าเป็นความผิดของใคร ที่ทำให้เกิดเรื่องเลวร้ายนี้ขึ้น เจ้ามาทำอะไรบนเรือลำนี้ เจ้ามาจากไหน มาจากประเทศอะไร เจ้าเป็นคนชาติไหน” (พระคริสตธรรมคัมภีร์: ฉบับอ่านเข้าใจง่าย)}} #* {{RQ:Tanach|28|18|9}} #*: {{quote|he|גַּ֭ם מִתְרַפֶּ֣ה בִמְלַאכְתֹּ֑ו אָ֥ח ה֝֗וּא לְבַ֣עַל מַשְׁחִֽית|t=คนขี้เกียจหลังยาวที่ไม่ยอมทำงานของตน เป็นพี่น้องกับคนที่ชอบทำลาย (พระคริสตธรรมคัมภีร์: ฉบับอ่านเข้าใจง่าย)}} #* {{RQ:Tanach|28|22|29}} #*: {{quote|he|חָזִ֡יתָ אִ֤ישׁ ׀ מָ֘הִ֤יר בִּמְלַאכְתֹּ֗ו לִֽפְנֵֽי־מְלָכִ֥ים יִתְיַצָּ֑ב בַּל־יִ֝תְיַצֵּב לִפְנֵ֥י חֲשֻׁכִּֽים|t=เจ้าเห็นคนที่ชำนาญงานนั้นไหม เขาจะได้ยืนรับใช้พวกกษัตริย์ ไม่ใช่ชาวบ้านธรรมดา (พระคริสตธรรมคัมภีร์: ฉบับอ่านเข้าใจง่าย)}} # [[อาชีพ]], [[ธุรกิจ]]; [[งาน]]; [[การบริการ]] #* {{RQ:Tanach|3|23|31|t=JPS}} #*: {{quote|he|כָּל־'''מְלָאכָה''' לֹא תַעֲשׂוּ חֻקַּת עוֹלָם לְדֹרֹתֵיכֶם בְּכֹל מֹשְׁבֹתֵיכֶם׃|tr=Kol '''m'lakhá''' lo ta'asú; ḥukát olám l-dorotekhém b-khol moshvoteikhém|t=เจ้าต้องไม่ทำงานในวันนั้น กฎนี้จะใช้ตลอดไปจนชั่วลูกชั่วหลานของเจ้า ไม่ว่าเจ้าจะอาศัยอยู่ที่ไหนก็ตาม (พระคริสตธรรมคัมภีร์: ฉบับอ่านเข้าใจง่าย)}} # [[หัตถกรรม]] # {{lb|he|กฎทางศาสนายิว}} [[การ]][[งาน]][[หรือ]][[กิจกรรม]][[ใด]] ๆ [[ที่]][[ห้าม]][[ทำ]][[ใน]][[วัน]][[สะบาโต]][[และ]][[วัน]][[ศักดิ์สิทธิ์]][[อื่น]] ๆ # [[กิจ]], [[สิ่งของ]], [[สิ่ง]] ====การผันรูป==== {{he-decl|מְלָאכָה|מְלֶאכֶת־|מְלַאכְתּוֹ|p|מְלָאכוֹת}} ====คำลูกกลุ่ม==== {{rel-top4|มะลาฅต (m'lakhot) 39 ชนิด}} * {{l|he|זוֹרֵעַ}} * {{l|he|חוֹרֵשׁ}} * {{l|he|קוֹצֵר}} * {{l|he|מְעַמֵּר}} * {{l|he|דָּשׁ}} * {{l|he|זוֹרֶה}} * {{l|he|בּוֹרֵר}} * {{l|he|טוֹחֵן}} * {{l|he|מְרַקֵּד}} * {{l|he|לָשׁ}} * {{l|he|אוֹפֶה}} / {{l|he|מְבַשֵּׁל}} * {{l|he|גּוֹזֵז}} * {{l|he|מְלַבֵּן}} * {{l|he|מְנַפֵּץ}} * {{l|he|צוֹבֵעַ}} * {{l|he|טוֹוֶה}} * {{l|he|מֵסֵךְ}} * {{l|he|עוֹשֶׂה שְׁנֵי בָתֵּי נִירִין}} * {{l|he|אוֹרֵג}} * {{l|he|פּוֹצֵעַ}} * {{l|he|קוֹשֵׁר}} * {{l|he|מַתִּיר}} * {{l|he|תּוֹפֵר}} * {{l|he|קוֹרֵעַ}} * {{l|he|צָד}} * {{l|he|שׁוֹחֵט}} * {{l|he|מַפְשִׁיט}} * {{l|he|מוֹלֵחַ}} หรือ {{l|he|מְעַבֵּד}} * [ {{l|he|שִׂרְטוּט}} ] * {{l|he|מוֹחֵק עוֹר}} * {{l|he|מְחַתֵּךְ}} * {{l|he|כּוֹתֵב}} * {{l|he|מוֹחֵק כְּתָב}} * {{l|he|בּוֹנֶה}} * {{l|he|סוֹתֵר}} * {{l|he|מְכַבֶּה}} * {{l|he|מַבְעִיר}} * {{l|he|מַכֶּה בַפַּטִּישׁ}} * {{l|he|הוֹצָאָה}} {{rel-bottom}} ====คำเกี่ยวข้อง==== * {{l|he|אב מלאכה}} * {{l|he|תולדות מלאכה}} * {{l|he|מְלָאכוּתִי}} (เป็นผลของงานเพื่อปรับปรุง ไม่ใช่กระบวนการธรรมชาติ) ====ดูเพิ่ม==== * {{l|he|עֲבוֹדָה}} * {{he-l|אומנות|dwv=אֻמָּנוּת}} [[หมวดหมู่:ศัพท์ฮีบรูที่สะกดตามรากศัพท์ด้วยตัวอะเล็ฟที่ไม่ออกเสียง]] ojuswazbl3ngecpt5kqzuvjnjvbztgk 3 2359321 5775734 2026-10-20T13:01:42Z New user message 2698 เพิ่ม[[Template:Welcome|สารต้อนรับ]]ในหน้าคุยของผู้ใช้ใหม่ 5775734 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Template:Welcome|name=Tasalavan}} -- [[ผู้ใช้:New user message|New user message]] ([[คุยกับผู้ใช้:New user message|คุย]]) 20:01, 20 ตุลาคม 2569 (+07) d8cwq8jck8meu6rctritx59sqx9rx1u 3 2359322 5775735 2026-10-20T14:45:11Z New user message 2698 เพิ่ม[[Template:Welcome|สารต้อนรับ]]ในหน้าคุยของผู้ใช้ใหม่ 5775735 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Template:Welcome|name=เกรซ ขุมทอง}} -- [[ผู้ใช้:New user message|New user message]] ([[คุยกับผู้ใช้:New user message|คุย]]) 21:45, 20 ตุลาคม 2569 (+07) aiqn8l8bjw09362m07efgnt2u1zdfgp 0 2359323 5775749 2026-10-21T02:49:03Z Thanawat Hongkao 17448 สร้างหน้าด้วย "==ภาษาไทย== {{wp|th:}} ===รากศัพท์=== จาก {{bor|th|en|Pepsi}} ===การออกเสียง=== {{th-pron|เป็๊บ-ซี่}} ===คำวิสามานยนาม=== {{th-proper noun}} # [[Pepsi]]." 5775749 wikitext text/x-wiki ==ภาษาไทย== {{wp|th:}} ===รากศัพท์=== จาก {{bor|th|en|Pepsi}} ===การออกเสียง=== {{th-pron|เป็๊บ-ซี่}} ===คำวิสามานยนาม=== {{th-proper noun}} # [[Pepsi]]. l9pxi5ns8o9lb346b2xny5of3k66t5j 5775750 5775749 2026-10-21T02:50:52Z Thanawat Hongkao 17448 5775750 wikitext text/x-wiki ==ภาษาไทย== {{wp|th:}} ===รากศัพท์=== จาก {{bor|th|en|Pepsi}} ===การออกเสียง=== {{th-pron|เป็๊บ-ซี่}} ===คำวิสามานยนาม=== {{th-proper noun}} # [[Pepsi]]. {{cln|th|ศัพท์ที่รับมาจากเครื่องหมายการค้า}} {{topics|th|เครื่องดื่ม}} o1k7nbaqcy197sfnznw145futfpq8w2 5775755 5775750 2026-10-21T04:56:08Z Octahedron80 267 5775755 wikitext text/x-wiki {{rfv|th|ให้อธิบายว่าหมายถึงอะไร เป็นคำสามัญอย่างไร}} ==ภาษาไทย== {{wp|th:}} ===รากศัพท์=== จาก {{bor|th|en|Pepsi}} ===การออกเสียง=== {{th-pron|เป็๊บ-ซี่}} ===คำวิสามานยนาม=== {{th-proper noun}} # [[Pepsi]]. {{cln|th|ศัพท์ที่รับมาจากเครื่องหมายการค้า}} {{topics|th|เครื่องดื่ม}} tfrh9l86smsjy76xf6fq2xs499dnkqn 0 2359324 5775751 2026-10-21T02:57:59Z Thanawat Hongkao 17448 สร้างหน้าด้วย "==ภาษาไทย== ===รากศัพท์=== จาก {{bor|th|en|Fanta}} ===การออกเสียง=== {{th-pron|แฟน-ต้า}} ===คำนาม=== {{th-noun}} # [[Fanta]] (ภาษาอังกฤษ) {{cln|th|ศัพท์ที่รับมาจากเครื่องหมายการค้า}} {{topics|th|เครื่องดื่ม}}" 5775751 wikitext text/x-wiki ==ภาษาไทย== ===รากศัพท์=== จาก {{bor|th|en|Fanta}} ===การออกเสียง=== {{th-pron|แฟน-ต้า}} ===คำนาม=== {{th-noun}} # [[Fanta]] (ภาษาอังกฤษ) {{cln|th|ศัพท์ที่รับมาจากเครื่องหมายการค้า}} {{topics|th|เครื่องดื่ม}} 3yh7e8x92z4uzxp218fiwcr7z538qsg 5775752 5775751 2026-10-21T03:01:02Z Thanawat Hongkao 17448 5775752 wikitext text/x-wiki ==ภาษาไทย== ===รากศัพท์=== จาก {{bor|th|en|Fanta}} ===การออกเสียง=== {{th-pron|แฟน-ต้า}} ===คำนาม=== {{th-noun}} # เครื่องดื่ม {{cln|th|ศัพท์ที่รับมาจากเครื่องหมายการค้า}} {{topics|th|เครื่องดื่ม}} hvc68ver7fqkxzxtpfn194qqmnx1gw4 5775754 5775752 2026-10-21T04:56:05Z Octahedron80 267 5775754 wikitext text/x-wiki {{rfv|th|ให้อธิบายว่าหมายถึงอะไร เป็นคำสามัญอย่างไร}} ==ภาษาไทย== ===รากศัพท์=== จาก {{bor|th|en|Fanta}} ===การออกเสียง=== {{th-pron|แฟน-ต้า}} ===คำนาม=== {{th-noun}} # เครื่องดื่ม {{cln|th|ศัพท์ที่รับมาจากเครื่องหมายการค้า}} {{topics|th|เครื่องดื่ม}} f25nrih40km0qn97lqa3l6h7egkdgcu 0 2359325 5775757 2026-10-21T05:00:57Z Octahedron80 267 เก็บกวาด 5775757 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาไทย == === รากศัพท์ === {{com|th|รถ|ด่วน}} === การออกเสียง === {{th-pron|รด-ด่วน}} === คำนาม === {{th-noun}} # [[ขบวน]][[รถไฟ]][[ที่]][[จัด]][[เดิน]][[ระยะทาง]][[ไกล]] [[หยุด]][[สถานี]]ที่[[สำคัญ]] ๆ [[เท่านั้น]] # {{lb|th|สแลง}} [[หนอนไม่ไผ่]], [[หนอน]][[ของ]][[ผีเสื้อกลางคืน]]ที่[[อยู่]][[ใน]][[กระบอก]][[ไม้ไผ่]], [[ใช้]][[เป็น]][[อาหาร]][[ได้]] 2r6hl9greaep6hjbv40jng7k8fm8xh8 0 2359326 5775758 2026-10-21T05:02:38Z Octahedron80 267 เปลี่ยนทางหน้าไปยัง [[รถด่วน]] 5775758 wikitext text/x-wiki #เปลี่ยนทาง [[รถด่วน]] lbfid0qu891nzt7kkdzszn9u3g6wv4z 0 2359327 5775759 2026-10-21T05:18:21Z GinGlaep 7155 สร้างหน้าด้วย "== ภาษาไทย == === รากศัพท์ === {{bor+|th|sa|शर}} === การออกเสียง === {{th-pron|สอน}} === คำนาม === {{th-noun}} # [[อาวุธ]][[ชนิด]][[หนึ่ง]] ประกอบด้วยคันสำหรับยิง เรียกว่า คันศร กับลูกที่มีปลายแหลม เรียกว่า ลูกศร..." 5775759 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาไทย == === รากศัพท์ === {{bor+|th|sa|शर}} === การออกเสียง === {{th-pron|สอน}} === คำนาม === {{th-noun}} # [[อาวุธ]][[ชนิด]][[หนึ่ง]] ประกอบด้วยคันสำหรับยิง เรียกว่า คันศร กับลูกที่มีปลายแหลม เรียกว่า ลูกศร สายคันศร เรียกว่า สายศร # {{lb|th|โบ}} [[ปืน]] 5h2ehic4nzawavu0u85aj031jhorb4r 0 2359328 5775760 2026-10-21T05:28:02Z GinGlaep 7155 สร้างหน้าด้วย "== ภาษาไทย == {{wp}} [[File:Two arrows.jpg|thumb|ลูกศร (ลูกธนู)]] [[File:U+2192.svg|thumb|ลูกศร (สัญลักษณ์)]] === รากศัพท์ === {{com+|th|ลูก|ศร}} === การออกเสียง === {{th-pron|ลูก-สอน}} === คำนาม === {{th-noun}} # [[ลูก]][[ธนู]] {{cls|th|ดอก}} # [[เครื่องหมาย]][[ที่]][..." 5775760 wikitext text/x-wiki == ภาษาไทย == {{wp}} [[File:Two arrows.jpg|thumb|ลูกศร (ลูกธนู)]] [[File:U+2192.svg|thumb|ลูกศร (สัญลักษณ์)]] === รากศัพท์ === {{com+|th|ลูก|ศร}} === การออกเสียง === {{th-pron|ลูก-สอน}} === คำนาม === {{th-noun}} # [[ลูก]][[ธนู]] {{cls|th|ดอก}} # [[เครื่องหมาย]][[ที่]][[ใช้]][[ชี้]][[บอก]][[ทาง]][[เป็นต้น]] [[มี]][[ลักษณะ]][[คล้าย]][[ส่วน]][[ปลาย]][[ของ]]ลูกธนู qn72ulhe71aikjyrj3zcqlhmnar96gx