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Wiksiyonaryo:Kapihan
4
1934
177762
175846
2026-09-04T12:47:00Z
Yivan000
4078
/* Sa mga pangalan ng wika, pamilya, atbp. */
177762
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{Pambungad ng Kapihan}}
{{Wiktionary:Puntahan ng Pamayanan}}
{{Wiktionary:Kapihan/Sinupan}}
----
== Sa mga pangalan ng wika, pamilya, atbp. ==
Nang ginawa ang mga karamihan ng entrada dito, hindi pa masyadong napapalaganap ang modernong Ortograpiyang Pambansa. Ngayon na minomordernisa natin ang Wiksiyonaryong Tagalog, sinimulan kong sundin ang mga alituntuning ito lalo na pagdating sa mga pangalan ng wika.
Makikita sa [[Wiksiyonaryo:Listahan ng mga wika]] (at ang mga iba pang kawing doon) ang aking progress at ang aking mga samu't saring desisyon patungkol sa saling Tagalog ng mga pangalan ng wika <small>(na maaari na rin sigurong gamitin sa mga iba pang mga pangalan)</small>. Maigting na isusunod ang mga alituntunin ng Ortograpiyang Pambansa. Nais kong ipaliwanag dito ang ilan:
<ol>
<li>
Lalo na sa mga wika ng Pilipinas, umiiral ang opisyal na pangalan mula sa KWF.
* Ang ◌́ at ◌̀ ay itinanggal, ang ◌̂ ay itinanggal kapag nasa hulihang titik lamang, at ang ◌̈ ay naiiwan.
* Kapag may pagkakaiba, mas nalalamang ang mas recent na nailimbag at/o ang mas klarong may consensus sa mga katutubong nagsasalita nito.
{| class=wikitable
! Kowd !! Ingles || KWF !! Wiksiyonaryo (Bago)
|-
| {{code|tsg}} || Tausug || Bahása Sug || Bahasa Sug
|-
| {{code|agt}} || Central Cagayan Agta || Pánnon || Pannon
|-
| {{code|kne}} || Kankanaey || Kankanáëy || Kankanaëy
|-
| {{code|snl}} || Sangil || Sangirë̂ || Sangirë
|-
| {{code|ubl}} || Buhi'non Bikol || Boînën || Boînën
|-
| {{code|sfe}} || Eastern Subanun || Subánën Ginselugnén<ref>https://kwfwikaatkultura.ph/subanen-2/</ref> || G̓insëlug̓ën Sub̓anën<ref>https://www.facebook.com/share/p/17hXPKnTmP/</ref>
|-
| {{code|iwk}} || I-Wak || Îguwák || Îguwak
|-
| {{code|psp}} || Philippine Sign Language || Filipíno Sign Language || Filipino Sign Language
|-
| {{code|map}} || Austronesian || <s>Austronesian<ref>https://kwfwikaatkultura.ph/mga-wika-ng-pilipinas/</ref></s> EDIT 2026-09-04: Awstronesyo<ref>https://www.facebook.com/share/p/1BVD5EcS79/</ref> || <s>Austronesian</s> Awstronesyo
|}
</li>
<li>
Gamitin ang umiiral na Espanyol na pangalan.
* Tanggalin ang ◌́ at ang unahang H dahil hindi ito binibigkas.
* Ireispel ang J → H dahil para sa /d͡ʒ/ lamang ang J; ang J sa Espanyol ay katunog ng H.
* Panatilihin ang F, V, Ñ, at Z.
* Ireispel ang C → K o S; QU → K
* Sundin ang mga panuto patungkol sa kambal-patinig.
* Ireispel ang CH → TS.
* Tignang mabuti kung kailangang ireispel ang NG sa NGG.
{| class=wikitable
! Kowd !! Ingles !! Espanyol !! Wiksiyonaryo (Luma) !! Wiksiyonaryo (Bago)
|-
| {{code|fr}} || French || Francés || Pranses || Franses
|-
| {{code|mg}} || Malagasy || Malgache || Malagasi || Malgatse
|-
| {{code|fi}} || Finnish || Finés<ref>https://www.fundeu.es/recomendacion/fines-finlandes/ (''Finés'' sa wika, ''Finlandés'' sa bansa)</ref> || Pinlandes || Fines
|-
| {{code|vi}} || Vietnamese || Vietnamita<ref>https://dle.rae.es/vietnamita</ref> || Biyetnames || Viyetnamita
|-
| {{code|nl}} || Dutch || Neerlandés<ref>https://www.linguno.com/wordComparison/esp/neerlandes-holandes/ (''Holandés'' ay isang [[:Kategorya:Olandes na Nerlandes|varayti]] ng ''Neerlandés'')</ref> || Olandes || Nerlandes
|-
| {{code|alv}} || Atlantic-Congo || Atlántico-Congoleñas || - || Atlantiko-Konggoleñas
|}
</li>
<li>
(''General guideline lamang'') Ang unang salita ay ang pinakapangunahin, tapos ang mga sumusunod na salita ay mas espesipiko. Ito ang karaniwang pattern na ginagawa ng KWF.
{| class=wikitable
! Kowd !! Ingles !! KWF !! Espanyol !! Wiksiyonaryo (Bago)
|-
| {{code|abc}} || Ambala Ayta || Áyta Ambalá || - || Ayta Ambala
|-
| {{code|sgb}} || Mag-Anchi Ayta || Áyta Mag-ántsí || - || Ayta Mag-antsi
|-
| {{code|due}} || Umiray Dumaget Agta || Agtâ Dumágat Umíray || - || Agta Dumagat Umiray
|-
| {{code|plw}} || Brooke's Point Palawano || Paláw-an Brooke's Point || - || Palaw-an Brooke's Point
|-
| {{code|nb}} || Norwegian Bokmål || - || Noruego bokmål || Norwego Bokmål
|-
| {{code|acy}} || Cypriot Arabic || - || Árabe chipriota || Arabe Tsipriyota
|}
</li>
<li>
Kapag may parte sa pangalan na maaaring isalin gamit Tagalog, isalin ito.
* Batay sa pattern ng KWF, "South" → "Timog", "Southern" → "Katimugan", atbp.
{|class=wikitable
! Kowd !! Ingles !! KWF !! Espanyol !! Wiksiyonaryo (Bago)
|-
| {{code|ksc}} || Southern Kalinga || Katimúgang Kalíngga || - || Katimugang Kalingga
|-
| {{code|plv}} || Southwest Palawano || Paláw-an Tímog Kanlúran || - || Palaw-an Timog Kanluran
|-
| {{code|ajp}} || South Levantine Arabic || - || Árabe levantino del sur || Arabe Timog Levantino
|-
| {{code|fy}} || West Frisian || - || Frisón occidental || Kanlurang Frison
|-
| {{code|ltc}} || Middle Chinese || - || Chino medio || Gitnang Tsino
|-
| {{code|nr}} || Southern Ndebele || - || - || Katimugang Ndebele
|-
|}
</li>
</ol>
'''Notes''':
<references/>
Bukás naman ako upang amyendahan ang mga alituntuning ito. Maaari niyo ring sabihin/i-edit kapag may napansin kayong mali sa [[Wiksiyonaryo:Listahan ng mga wika]]. Nais ko lamang na magsimula tayo nang mas moderno na.
{{workgroup ping|tl|u1=ysrael214|u2=Sky Harbor|u3=JWilz12345}} <small>at ng lahat ng mga interesado dito</small>.
— <span style="font-size:25px">🍕</span> <span style="font-family:'Comic Sans MS';"><span style="color:#FFC83D">Yivan</span><span style="color:#F7894A">000</span> <small><sup>[[User:Yivan000|view]]</sup><sub>[[User_talk:Yivan000|talk]]</sub></small></span> 15:46, 22 Disyembre 2025 (UTC)
:[[Tagagamit:Yivan000|Yivan000]], may ilan akong duda tungkol sa mungkahing ito, ngunit may saysay naman ito at maaari pa naman itong pagbutihin. Halimbawa, hindi ako naniniwala na dapat nating gamitin ang titik 'v' sa halip na 'b' sa mga salitang nagmula sa Espanyol o Ingles. Mas mainam (at lalo na't mas katanggap-tanggap) ang paggamit ng "Biyetnamita" sa halip na "Viyetnamita", at kung iyan ang gagawin natin hindi ba mas mabuti na lang na hiramin nang buo at walang pagbabago ang mga salitang nagmula sa Espanyol ("Vietnamita")? May ilan din dito na katanggap-tanggap din sa Espanyol tulad ng "Olandes" (holandés), na mas karaniwan sa karaniwang salita, sa halip na "Neerlandes" (neerlandés) na itinaguriang mas pormal.
:Kung pinag-uusapan namin natin ang bansa palpak po rin dito ang KWF: nang ipinalabas nila ang kanilang tinaguriang "atlas sa wikang Filipino" noong mga 2013-2014 inilagay lamang nila ang mga pangalan ng bansa sa Ingles at Espanyol nang walang pangalang isina-Tagalog/Filipino na tulad ng "Hapon", "Tsina" o kahit "Pilipinas", kahit kung umiiral na sila sa mismong wika.
:Gayundin, bakit hindi natin isinalin ang FSL (sa Wikipedia, nakatungo ito sa [[:w:Wikang pasenyas ng mga Pilipino|Wikang pasenyas ng mga Pilipino]]) at ang Austronesian (na nakatungo rin sa [[:w:mga wikang Austronesyo|Mga wikang Austronesyo]])? Alam kong opisyal na regulador ng wikang Filipino ang KWF pero naniniwala ako na may kakayahan ang mga proyektong Wikimedia na impluwensiyahan ang direksiyon ng pag-usbong ng wika sa isang lugar na mas mabuti pa sa kung saan itinutungo tayo ng pamahalaan, at dapat natin itong gawin, pero nang may paggalang sa umiiral na leksikon tulad ng inihihiling ng unang tuntunin sa paghiram ng salita ayon sa ortograpiyang Filipino na siyang ipinapatupad ng KWF. --[[Tagagamit:Sky Harbor|<b style="color: #0066ff">Sky Harbor</b>]] <sup>([[Usapang tagagamit:Sky Harbor|<b style="color:#0066ff">usapan</b>]])</sup> 05:09, 6 Enero 2026 (UTC)
::@[[Tagagamit:Sky Harbor|Sky Harbor]] <small>(pati na rin sina @[[Tagagamit:ysrael214|Ysrael214]], @[[User:Mar vin kaiser|Mar vin kaiser]] @[[User:Mlgc1998|Mlgc1998]] @[[User:TagaSanPedroAko|TagaSanPedroAko]] upang makita nyo to)</small><br/> Nagpadala ako ng email sa Komisyon ng Wikang Filipino mismo upang matugunan sa kung papaano ang nararapat sa pagsasalin ng mga pangalan ng wika. '''[https://imgur.com/a/TW42hxS Basahin ninyo dito ang tugon nila]'''.
::Base sa tugon nila (at ayon sa aking interpretasyon), may tama naman ang paggagawa ko ng mga saling Filipino na ibase at ireispel mula sa Espanyol. May tama rin naman si Sky Harbor na maaari ring gamitin nang puro mula Espanyol. Ngunit para sa akin, nais ko ring ipatupad ang nakasaad sa OP/MMP sa kung paano mag-adapt ng mga salin sa Filipino. <small>(Dahil dito, bukas ako sa pagpalit ng salin ng ''Austronesian'' at FSL.)</small>
::Nais ko rin sana malaman kung ano ang interpretasyon ninyo sa tugon ng KWF.— <span style="font-size:25px">🍕</span> <span style="font-family:'Comic Sans MS';"><span style="color:#FFC83D">Yivan</span><span style="color:#F7894A">000</span> <small><sup>[[User:Yivan000|view]]</sup><sub>[[User_talk:Yivan000|talk]]</sub></small></span> 12:46, 17 Pebrero 2026 (UTC)
::@[[Tagagamit:Yivan000|Yivan000]] Sa tingin ko ang sabi ng KWF, "tldr: bahala kayo." Pero ngayon ko lang nalaman na may Atlas ang KWF, mukhang ito iyon https://www.scribd.com/document/399878486/Atlas-Ng-Mga-Bansa-Sa-Mundo-2
== Hiling para sa renewal ng aking pagka-admin ==
Magandang araw sa inyong lahat. Narito ang ilan sa mga nagawa ko rito bilang isang tagapangasiwa dito sa Wiksiyonaryong Tagalog:
* Paglilinis ng mga kategorya (paglilipat at pagmomodernisa)
* Pagbura ng mga di angkop na pahina (bandalismo, mga di ginagamit na padron, etc.)
* Pagdadagdag ng mga gadget na mas nakakatulong sa pag-browse ng website na ito (gaya ng pop-up pag nag-hohover)
* Pagmomodernisa ng global CSS at JS ayon sa kasalukuyang ginagamit ng Wiksiyonaryong Ingles
* Pagpalit ng mga ibang MediaWiki interface localization strings upang mas akma dito
Nais ko pang ipagpatuloy ang aking nasimulan na. — <span style="font-size:25px">🍕</span> <span style="font-family:'Comic Sans MS';"><span style="color:#FFC83D">Yivan</span><span style="color:#F7894A">000</span> <small><sup>[[User:Yivan000|view]]</sup><sub>[[User_talk:Yivan000|talk]]</sub></small></span> 10:55, 19 Marso 2026 (UTC)
:@[[Tagagamit:Yivan000|Yivan000]] {{sang-ayon}} <span style="color:#330005; font-size:1.65em; vertical-align:middle">𝄽</span> [[Tagagamit:Ysrael214|ysrael214]] ([[Usapang tagagamit:Ysrael214|{{MediaWiki:Talkpagelinktext}}]]) 13:59, 19 Marso 2026 (UTC)
jy9apgll9d98o63wkc5hqwnjlvwtz1y
antipolo
0
2616
177752
136520
2026-09-04T12:10:06Z
Yivan000
4078
177752
wikitext
text/x-wiki
=={{=tl=}}==
===Pagbigkas===
{{tl-pr|hmp=Antipolo}}
===Pangngalan===
{{tl-noun}}
# Isang [[bariyasiyon]] ng [[puno]] ng [[langka]].Kauri nito na mga kamag anak ay ang Kamanse o dalungyan, Marang, Durian, Rimas o kuhloh(breadfruit) at Gumihan (isang ligaw na kahoy na may bungang nakakain kahawig ng kamanse o dalungyan o ugob)
hinphnwf23agtdkwbuux4yn9615u2wk
Kategorya:Wikang Malayo
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3189
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{{auto cat|Malasya}}
3y9mxl34kw9wbhsze6cygdpm3ub1s0o
Kategorya:Wikang Arabe
14
28709
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{{auto cat|Arhelya|Bahrain|Qatar|Chad|Comoros|Ehipto|Eritrea|Iran|Irak|Israel|Jordan|Kuwait|Lebanon|Libya|Mauritanya|Maruekos|Oman|Palestina|Qatar|Saudi Arabia|Somalya|Sudan|Sirya|Tunez|Turkiya|Yemen|Emiratos Arabes Unidos|Kanlurang Sahara}}
9w32l8op722ddonzd42e2ny071fhntk
Kategorya:Wikang Afrikāns
14
28998
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Yivan000
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177757
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat|Timog Afrika|Namibya}}
bgds1nh43rb0bc0p5o9jqnxb0rd2uc4
Kategorya:Wikang Hemer
14
30420
177756
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2026-09-04T12:24:13Z
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text/x-wiki
{{auto cat|Kamboya|Tsina|Tailandiya|Viyetnam}}
cneen2es8nlwfvl2ijq4kshwrrt6l88
Kategorya:Wikang Ketsuwa
14
30427
177754
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2026-09-04T12:20:52Z
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{{auto cat|Argentina|Bolivya|Tsile|Kolombiya|Ekwador|Peru}}
abokp6ps5t3g0auit7l8s2ynoxocf3v
177755
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Yivan000
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wikitext
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{{auto cat|Arhentina|Bolivya|Tsile|Kolombiya|Ekwador|Peru}}
0pompraoarxy0d3j4dnjjx4wlhbws6t
Levitico
0
30726
177788
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Yivan000
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=={{=tl=}}==
===Etimolohiya===
Panghihiram mula sa {{etyl|es|tl}} na {{m|es|Levítico}}
===Pagbigkas===
* {{IPA|/le.'bi.ti.ko/|tl}}
===Pangngalan===
{{tl-noun}}
# ikatlong libro sa [[Lumang Tipan]] ng [[Bibliya]], binubuo ng dalawampu't pitong mga [[kabanata]]
====Mga salin====
{{trans-top|ikatlong libro ng Biblya}}
* {{=af=}}: {{S+|af|Levitikus}}
* {{=de=}}: {{S+|de|Levitikus}}
* {{=br=}}: {{S+|br|Leviegezh}}
* {{=da=}}: {{S+|da|Tredje Mosebog}}
* {{=sk=}}: {{S|sk|Levitikus|m}}
* {{=sl=}}: {{S+|sl|Levitik}}
* {{=es=}}: {{S+|es|Levítico}}
* {{=et=}}: {{S+|et|3. Moosese raamat}}
* {{=eu=}}: {{S+|eu|Lebitarrena}}
* {{=fi=}}: {{S+|fi|3. Mooseksen kirja}}
* {{=cy=}}: {{S+|cy|Lefiticus}}
* {{=sco=}}: {{S|sco|Leviticus}}
* {{=haw=}}: {{S|haw|ʻOihana Kahuna}}
* {{=io=}}: {{S+|io|Levitiko}}
* {{=en=}}: {{S+|en|Leviticus}}
* {{=it=}}: {{S+|it|Levitico|m}}
* {{=la=}}: {{S+|la|Leviticus}}
* {{=lv=}}: [[Trešā Mozus grāmata]]
* {{=li=}}: [[Leviticus]]
* {{=lt=}}: [[Kunigų knyga]]
* {{=cdo=}}: {{S|cdo|利未記}}, {{S|cdo|利未记|tr=Lé-ê-gé}}
* {{=no=}}: {{S+|no|Tredje Mosebok}}
* {{=nl=}}: {{S+|nl|Leviticus}}, {{S+|nl|Levieten}}
* {{=pl=}}: {{S|pl|Księga Kapłańska|f}}
* {{=pt=}}: {{S+|pt|Levítico}}
* {{=fr=}}: {{S+|fr|Lévitique}}
* {{=fy=}}: {{S+|fy|Leviticus}}
* {{=ro=}}: [[Leviticul]]
* {{=ru=}}: {{S|ru|Леви́т|m}}
* {{=sv=}}: [[Tredje Moseboken]]
* {{=cs=}}: [[Leviticus]]
* {{=war=}}: [[Levetico]]
{{trans-bottom}}
2nm0i0vi5gs34ywg67uthxjg0donstw
Module:families/data
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Yivan000
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"Austronesyo" officially used by KWF
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Scribunto
text/plain
--[=[
This module contains definitions for all language family codes on Wiktionary.
]=]--
local m = {}
m["aav"] = {
"Awstroasyatika", --TLCHANGE
33199,
aliases = {"Austro-Asiatic"},
english_name = "Austroasiatic", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Austroasiática", --TLCHANGE
}
m["aav-khs"] = {
"Khasika", --TLCHANGE
3073734,
"aav",
aliases = {"Khasic"},
english_name = "Khasian", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Khásica", --TLCHANGE
}
m["aav-nic"] = {
"Nikobares", --TLCHANGE
217380,
"aav",
english_name = "Nicobarese", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Nicobarés", --TLCHANGE
}
m["aav-pkl"] = {
"Pnar-Khasi-Lyngngam",
nil,
"aav-khs",
}
m["afa"] = {
"Afroasyatika", --TLCHANGE
25268,
aliases = {"Afro-Asiatic"},
english_name = "Afroasiatic", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Afroasiática", --TLCHANGE
}
m["alg"] = {
"Algonkinas", --TLCHANGE
33392,
"aql",
english_name = "Algonquian", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Algonquinas", --TLCHANGE
}
m["alg-abp"] = {
"Abenaki-Penobscot",
197936,
"alg-eas",
}
m["alg-ara"] = {
"Arapahoan",
2153686,
"alg",
}
m["alg-eas"] = {
"Eastern Algonquian",
2257525,
"alg",
}
m["alg-sfk"] = {
"Sac-Fox-Kickapoo",
1440172,
"alg",
}
m["alv"] = {
"Atlantiko-Konggoleñas", --TLCHANGE
771124,
"nic",
english_name = "Atlantic-Congo", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Atlántico-Congoleñas", --TLCHANGE
}
m["alv-aah"] = {
"Ayere-Ahan",
750953,
"alv-von",
}
m["alv-ada"] = {
"Adamawa",
32906,
"alv-sav",
}
m["alv-bag"] = {
"Baga",
2746083,
"alv-mel",
}
m["alv-bak"] = {
"Bak",
1708174,
"alv-sng",
}
m["alv-bam"] = {
"Bambukic",
4853456,
"alv-ada",
aliases = {"Yungur-Jen"},
}
m["alv-bny"] = {
"Banyum",
2892477,
"alv-nyn",
}
m["alv-bua"] = {
"Bua",
4982094,
"alv-mbd",
}
m["alv-bwj"] = {
"Bikwin-Jen",
84542501,
"alv-bam",
}
m["alv-cng"] = {
"Cangin",
1033184,
"alv-fwo",
}
m["alv-ctn"] = {
"Central Tano",
1658486,
"alv-ptn",
aliases = {"Akan"},
}
m["alv-dlt"] = {
"Delta Edoid",
nil,
"alv-edo",
}
m["alv-dur"] = {
"Duru",
5316788,
"alv-lni",
}
m["alv-ede"] = {
"Ede",
35368,
"alv-yor",
}
m["alv-edk"] = {
"Edekiri",
5336735,
"alv-yrd",
}
m["alv-edo"] = {
"Edoid",
1287469,
"alv-von",
}
m["alv-eeo"] = {
"Edo-Esan-Ora",
12630439,
"alv-nce",
}
m["alv-fli"] = {
"Fali",
3450166,
"alv",
}
m["alv-fwo"] = {
"Fula-Wolof",
12631267,
"alv-sng",
}
m["alv-gbe"] = {
"Gbe",
668284,
"alv-von",
}
m["alv-gda"] = {
"Ga-Dangme",
3443338,
"alv-kwa",
}
m["alv-gng"] = {
"Guang",
684009,
"alv-ptn",
}
m["alv-gtm"] = {
"Ghana-Togo Mountain",
493020,
"alv-kwa",
aliases = {"Togo Remnant", "Central Togo"},
}
m["alv-hei"] = {
"Heiban",
108752116,
"alv-the",
}
m["alv-ido"] = {
"Idomoid",
974196,
"alv-von",
}
m["alv-igb"] = {
"Igboid",
1429100,
"alv-von",
}
m["alv-jfe"] = {
"Jola-Felupe",
1708174,
"alv-jol",
aliases = {"Ejamat"},
}
m["alv-jol"] = {
"Jola",
35176,
"alv-bak",
aliases = {"Diola"},
}
m["alv-kim"] = {
"Kim",
6409701,
"alv-mbd",
}
m["alv-kis"] = {
"Kissi",
35696,
"alv-mel",
}
m["alv-krb"] = {
"Karaboro",
4213541,
"alv-snf",
}
m["alv-ktg"] = {
"Ka-Togo",
5972796,
"alv-gtm",
}
m["alv-kul"] = {
"Kulango",
16977424,
"alv-sav",
aliases = {"Kulango-Lorhon", "Kulango-Lorom"},
}
m["alv-kwa"] = {
"Kwa",
33430,
"nic-vco",
}
m["alv-lag"] = {
"Lagoon",
111210042,
"alv-kwa",
}
m["alv-lek"] = {
"Leko",
6520642,
other_names = {"Sambaic"}, -- appears to be an alias in Glottolog
"alv-lni",
}
m["alv-lim"] = {
"Limba",
35825,
"alv",
}
m["alv-lni"] = {
"Leko-Nimbari",
1708170,
"alv-ada",
other_names = {"Central Adamawa"},
aliases = {"Chamba-Mumuye"},
}
m["alv-mbd"] = {
"Mbum-Day",
6799816,
"alv-ada",
}
m["alv-mbm"] = {
"Mbum",
6799814,
"alv-mbd",
}
m["alv-mel"] = {
"Mel",
12122355,
"alv",
}
m["alv-mum"] = {
"Mumuye",
84607009,
"alv-mye",
}
m["alv-mye"] = {
"Mumuye-Yendang",
6935539,
"alv-lni",
}
m["alv-nal"] = {
"Nalu",
nil,
"alv-sng",
}
m["alv-nce"] = {
"North-Central Edoid",
16110869,
"alv-edo",
}
m["alv-ngb"] = {
"Nupe-Gbagyi",
12638649,
"alv-nup",
aliases = {"Nupe-Gbari"},
}
m["alv-ntg"] = {
"Na-Togo",
nil,
"alv-gtm",
}
m["alv-nup"] = {
"Nupoid",
1429143,
"alv-von",
}
m["alv-nwd"] = {
"Northwestern Edoid",
16111012,
"alv-edo",
}
m["alv-nyn"] = {
"Nyun",
nil,
"alv-fwo",
}
m["alv-pap"] = {
"Papel",
7132562,
"alv-bak",
}
m["alv-pph"] = {
"Phla-Pherá",
3849625,
"alv-gbe",
}
m["alv-ptn"] = {
"Potou-Tano",
1475003,
"alv-kwa",
}
m["alv-sav"] = {
"Savanna",
4403672,
"nic-vco",
aliases = {"Savannas"},
}
m["alv-sma"] = {
"Supyire-Mamara",
4446348,
"alv-snf",
aliases = {"Suppire-Mamara"},
}
m["alv-snf"] = {
"Senufo",
33795,
"alv",
aliases = {"Senufic", "Senoufo", "Sénoufo"},
}
m["alv-sng"] = {
"Senegambian",
1708753,
"alv",
}
m["alv-snr"] = {
"Senari",
4416084,
"alv-snf",
}
m["alv-swd"] = {
"Southwestern Edoid",
12633903,
"alv-edo",
}
m["alv-tal"] = {
"Talodi",
12643302,
"alv-the",
}
m["alv-tdj"] = {
"Tagwana-Djimini",
7675362,
"alv-snf",
}
m["alv-ten"] = {
"Tenda",
3217535,
"alv-fwo",
}
m["alv-the"] = {
"Talodi-Heiban",
1521145,
"alv",
}
m["alv-von"] = {
"Volta-Niger",
34177,
"nic-vco",
}
m["alv-wan"] = {
"Wara-Natyoro",
7968830,
"alv-sav",
}
m["alv-wjk"] = {
"Waja-Kam",
nil,
"alv-ada",
}
m["alv-yek"] = {
"Yekhee",
nil,
"alv-nce",
}
m["alv-yor"] = {
"Yoruba",
nil,
"alv-edk",
}
m["alv-yrd"] = {
"Yoruboid",
1789745,
"alv-von",
}
m["alv-yun"] = {
"Yungur",
84601642,
"alv-bam",
aliases = {"Bena-Mboi"},
}
m["apa"] = {
"Apatseanas", --TLCHANGE
27758,
"ath",
aliases = {"Southern Athabaskan"},
english_name = "Apachean", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Apacheanas", --TLCHANGE
}
m["aqa"] = {
"Alacalufan",
1288430,
}
m["aql"] = {
"Algikas", --TLCHANGE
721612,
aliases = {"Algonquian-Ritwan", "Algonquian-Wiyot-Yurok"},
english_name = "Algic", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Álgicas", --TLCHANGE
}
m["art"] = {
"nilikha", --TLCHANGE "constructed"
33215,
"qfa-not",
aliases = {"artificial", "planned"},
english_name = "constructed", --TLCHANGE
}
m["ath"] = {
"Athabaskan",
27475,
"xnd",
}
m["ath-nor"] = {
"North Athabaskan",
20738,
"ath",
aliases = {"Northern Athabaskan"},
}
m["ath-pco"] = {
"Pacific Coast Athabaskan",
20654,
"ath",
}
m["auf"] = {
"Arauan",
626772,
aliases = {"Arahuan", "Arauán", "Arawa", "Arawan", "Arawán"},
}
--[=[
Exceptional language and family codes for Australian Aboriginal languages
can use the prefix "aus-", though "aus" is no longer itself a family code.
]=]--
m["aus-arn"] = {
"Arnhem",
2581700,
aliases = {"Gunwinyguan", "Macro-Gunwinyguan"},
}
m["aus-bub"] = {
"Bunuban",
2495148,
aliases = {"Bunaban"},
}
m["aus-cww"] = {
"Central New South Wales",
5061507,
"aus-pam",
}
m["aus-dal"] = {
"Daly",
2478079,
}
m["aus-dyb"] = {
"Dyirbalic",
1850666,
"aus-pam",
}
m["aus-gar"] = {
"Garawan",
5521951,
}
m["aus-gun"] = {
"Gunwinyguan",
2581700,
"aus-arn",
aliases = {"Gunwingguan"},
}
m["aus-jar"] = {
"Jarrakan",
2039423,
}
m["aus-kar"] = {
"Karnic",
4215578,
"aus-pam",
}
m["aus-mir"] = {
"Mirndi",
4294095,
}
m["aus-nga"] = {
"Ngayarda",
16153490,
"aus-psw",
}
m["aus-nyu"] = {
"Nyulnyulan",
2039408,
}
m["aus-pam"] = {
"Pama-Nyungan",
33942,
}
m["aus-pmn"] = {
"Paman",
2640654,
"aus-pam",
}
m["aus-psw"] = {
"Southwest Pama-Nyungan",
2258160,
"aus-pam",
}
m["aus-rnd"] = {
"Arandic",
4784071,
"aus-pam",
}
m["aus-tnk"] = {
"Tangkic",
1823065,
}
m["aus-wdj"] = {
"Iwaidjan",
4196968,
aliases = {"Yiwaidjan"},
}
m["aus-wor"] = {
"Worrorran",
2038619,
}
m["aus-yid"] = {
"Yidinyic",
4205849,
"aus-pam",
}
m["aus-yng"] = {
"Yangmanic",
42727644,
}
m["aus-yol"] = {
"Yolngu",
2511254,
"aus-pam",
aliases = {"Yolŋu", "Yolngu Matha"},
}
m["aus-yuk"] = {
"Yuin-Kuric",
3833021,
"aus-pam",
}
m["awd"] = {
"Arawak",
626753,
aliases = {"Arawakan", "Maipurean", "Maipuran"},
}
m["awd-nwk"] = {
"Nawiki",
nil,
"awd",
aliases = {"Newiki"},
}
m["awd-taa"] = {
"Ta-Arawak",
7672731,
"awd",
aliases = {"Ta-Arawakan", "Ta-Maipurean"},
}
m["azc"] = {
"Uto-Aztecan",
34073,
aliases = {"Uto-Aztekan"},
}
m["azc-cup"] = {
"Cupan",
19866871,
"azc-tak",
}
m["azc-dur"] = {
"Durango Nahuatl",
2386361,
"azc-nah",
aliases = {"Mexicanero"}
}
m["azc-hua"] = {
"Huasteca Nahuatl",
3832950,
"azc-nah",
}
m["azc-nah"] = {
"Nahuan",
11965602,
"azc",
aliases = {"Aztecan"},
}
m["azc-num"] = {
"Numic",
2657541,
"azc",
}
m["azc-pim"] = {
"Piman",
7194600,
"azc",
aliases = {"Tepiman"},
}
m["azc-tak"] = {
"Takic",
1280305,
"azc",
}
m["azc-trc"] = {
"Taracahitic",
4245032,
"azc",
aliases = {"Taracahitan"},
}
m["bad"] = {
"Banda",
806234,
"nic-ubg",
}
m["bad-cnt"] = {
"Central Banda",
3438391,
"bad",
}
m["bai"] = {
"Bamileke",
806005,
"nic-gre",
}
m["bat"] = {
"Baltic",
33136,
"ine-bsl",
}
m["bat-eas"] = {
"East Baltic",
149944,
"bat",
}
m["bat-wes"] = {
"West Baltic",
149946,
"bat",
}
m["ber"] = {
"Berber",
25448,
"afa",
aliases = {"Tamazight"},
}
m["bnt"] = {
"Bantu",
33146,
"nic-bds",
}
m["bnt-baf"] = {
"Bafia",
799784,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-bbo"] = {
"Bafo-Bonkeng",
nil,
"bnt-saw",
}
m["bnt-bdz"] = {
"Boma-Dzing",
1729203,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-bek"] = {
"Bekwilic",
nil,
"bnt-ndb",
}
m["bnt-bki"] = {
"Bena-Kinga",
16113307,
"bnt-bne",
}
m["bnt-bmo"] = {
"Bangi-Moi",
nil,
"bnt-bnm",
}
m["bnt-bne"] = {
"Northeast Bantu",
7057832,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-bnm"] = {
"Bangi-Ntomba",
806477,
"bnt-bte",
}
m["bnt-boa"] = {
"Boan",
4931250,
"bnt",
aliases = {"Buan", "Ababuan"},
}
m["bnt-bot"] = {
"Botatwe",
4948532,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-bsa"] = {
"Basaa",
809739,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-bsh"] = {
"Bushoong",
5001551,
"bnt-bte",
}
m["bnt-bso"] = {
"Southern Bantu",
980498,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-bta"] = {
"Bati-Angba",
4869303,
"bnt-boa",
other_names = {"Late Bomokandian"},
aliases = {"Bwa"},
}
m["bnt-btb"] = {
"Beti",
35118,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-bte"] = {
"Bangi-Tetela",
4855181,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-bun"] = {
"Buja-Ngombe",
4986733,
"bnt-mbb",
}
m["bnt-chg"] = {
"Chaga",
33016,
"bnt-cht",
}
m["bnt-cht"] = {
"Chaga-Taita",
nil,
"bnt-bne",
}
m["bnt-clu"] = {
"Chokwe-Luchazi",
3339273,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-com"] = {
"Comorian",
33077,
"bnt-sab",
}
m["bnt-glb"] = {
"Great Lakes Bantu",
5599420,
"bnt-bne",
}
m["bnt-haj"] = {
"Haya-Jita",
25502360,
"bnt-glb",
}
m["bnt-kak"] = {
"Kako",
nil,
"bnt-pob",
}
m["bnt-kav"] = {
"Kavango",
116544179,
"bnt-ksb",
}
m["bnt-kbi"] = {
"Komo-Bira",
6428591,
"bnt-boa",
}
m["bnt-kel"] = {
"Kele",
1738162,
"bnt-kts",
aliases = {"Sheke"},
}
m["bnt-kil"] = {
"Kilombero",
6408121,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-kka"] = {
"Kikuyu-Kamba",
16114410,
"bnt-bne",
aliases = {"Thagiicu"},
}
m["bnt-kmb"] = {
"Kimbundu",
16947687,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-kng"] = {
"Kongo",
6429214,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-kpw"] = {
"Kpwe",
36428,
"bnt-saw",
}
m["bnt-ksb"] = {
"Kavango-Southwest Bantu",
6379098,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-kts"] = {
"Kele-Tsogo",
6385577,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-lbn"] = {
"Luban",
4536504,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-leb"] = {
"Lebonya",
6511395,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-lgb"] = {
"Lega-Binja",
6517694,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-lok"] = {
"Logooli-Kuria",
nil,
"bnt-glb",
}
m["bnt-lub"] = {
"Luba",
nil,
"bnt-lbn",
}
m["bnt-lun"] = {
"Lunda",
6704091,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-mak"] = {
"Makua",
6740431,
"bnt-bso",
aliases = {"Makhuwa"},
}
m["bnt-mbb"] = {
"Mboshi-Buja",
6799764,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-mbe"] = {
"Mbole-Enya",
6799728,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-mbi"] = {
"Mbinga",
nil,
"bnt-rur",
}
m["bnt-mbo"] = {
"Mboshi",
6799763,
"bnt-mbb",
}
m["bnt-mbt"] = {
"Mbete",
1346910,
"bnt-tmb",
aliases = {"Mbere"},
}
m["bnt-mby"] = {
"Mbeya",
nil,
"bnt-ruk",
}
m["bnt-mij"] = {
"Mijikenda",
6845474,
"bnt-sab",
}
m["bnt-mka"] = {
"Makaa",
nil,
"bnt-ndb",
}
m["bnt-mne"] = {
"Manenguba",
31147471,
"bnt",
aliases = {"Mbo", "Ngoe"},
}
m["bnt-mnj"] = {
"Makaa-Njem",
1603899,
"bnt-pob",
}
m["bnt-mon"] = {
"Mongo",
nil,
"bnt-bnm",
}
m["bnt-mra"] = {
"Mbugwe-Rangi",
6799795,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-msl"] = {
"Masaba-Luhya",
12636428,
"bnt-glb",
}
m["bnt-mwi"] = {
"Mwika",
nil,
"bnt-ruk",
}
m["bnt-ncb"] = {
"Northeast Coast Bantu",
7057848,
"bnt-bne",
}
m["bnt-ndb"] = {
"Ndzem-Bomwali",
nil,
"bnt-mnj",
}
m["bnt-ngn"] = {
"Ngondi-Ngiri",
7022532,
"bnt-mbb",
}
m["bnt-ngu"] = {
"Nguni",
961559,
"bnt-bso",
aliases = {"Ngoni"},
}
m["bnt-nya"] = {
"Nyali",
7070832,
"bnt-leb",
}
m["bnt-nyb"] = {
"Nyanga-Buyi",
7070882,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-nyg"] = {
"Nyoro-Ganda",
12638666,
"bnt-glb",
}
m["bnt-nys"] = {
"Nyasa",
7070921,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-nze"] = {
"Nzebi",
1755498,
"bnt-tmb",
aliases = {"Njebi"},
}
m["bnt-ova"] = {
"Ovambo",
36489,
"bnt-swb",
aliases = {"Oshivambo", "Oshiwambo", "Owambo"},
}
m["bnt-par"] = {
"Pare",
nil,
"bnt-ncb",
}
m["bnt-pen"] = {
"Pende",
7162373,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-pob"] = {
"Pomo-Bomwali",
nil,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-ruk"] = {
"Rukwa",
7378902,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-run"] = {
"Rungwe",
nil,
"bnt-ruk",
}
m["bnt-rur"] = {
"Rufiji-Ruvuma",
7377947,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-ruv"] = {
"Ruvu",
nil,
"bnt-ncb",
}
m["bnt-rvm"] = {
"Ruvuma",
nil,
"bnt-rur",
}
m["bnt-sab"] = {
"Sabaki",
2209395,
"bnt-ncb",
}
m["bnt-saw"] = {
"Sawabantu",
532003,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-sbi"] = {
"Sabi",
7396071,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-seu"] = {
"Seuta",
nil,
"bnt-ncb",
}
m["bnt-shh"] = {
"Shi-Havu",
nil,
"bnt-glb",
}
m["bnt-sho"] = {
"Shona",
2904660,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-sir"] = {
"Sira",
1436372,
"bnt",
aliases = {"Shira-Punu"},
}
m["bnt-ske"] = {
"Soko-Kele",
nil,
"bnt-bte",
}
m["bnt-sna"] = {
"Sena",
nil,
"bnt-nys",
}
m["bnt-sts"] = {
"Sotho-Tswana",
2038386,
"bnt-bso",
}
m["bnt-swb"] = {
"Southwest Bantu",
116543539,
"bnt-ksb",
}
m["bnt-swh"] = {
"Swahili",
nil,
"bnt-sab",
}
m["bnt-tek"] = {
"Teke",
36528,
"bnt-tmb",
}
m["bnt-tet"] = {
"Tetela",
7706059,
"bnt-bte",
}
m["bnt-tkc"] = {
"Central Teke",
36473,
"bnt-tek",
}
m["bnt-tkm"] = {
"Takama",
nil,
"bnt-bne",
}
m["bnt-tmb"] = {
"Teke-Mbede",
7695332,
"bnt",
aliases = {"Teke-Mbere"},
}
m["bnt-tso"] = {
"Tsogo",
2458420,
other_names = {"Okani"}, --appears to be an alias in Glottolog
"bnt-kts",
}
m["bnt-tsr"] = {
"Tswa-Ronga",
12643962,
"bnt-bso",
}
m["bnt-yak"] = {
"Yaka",
8047027,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-yko"] = {
"Yasa-Kombe",
nil,
"bnt-saw",
}
m["bnt-zbi"] = {
"Zamba-Binza",
nil,
"bnt-bnm",
}
m["btk"] = {
"Batak",
1998595,
"poz-nws",
}
--[=[
Exceptional language and family codes for Central American Indian languages
may use the prefix "cai-", though "cai" is no longer itself a family code.
]=]--
--[=[
Exceptional language and family codes for Caucasian languages can use
the prefix "cau-", though "cau" is no longer itself a family code.
]=]--
m["cau-abz"] = {
"Abkhaz-Abaza",
4663617,
"cau-nwc",
other_names = {"Abkhaz-Tapanta"},
aliases = {"Abazgi"},
}
m["cau-and"] = {
"Andian",
492152,
"cau-ava",
aliases = {"Andic"},
}
m["cau-ava"] = {
"Avaro-Andian",
4055404,
"cau-nec",
aliases = {"Avar-Andian", "Avar-Andi", "Avar-Andic"},
}
m["cau-cir"] = {
"Circassian",
858543,
"cau-nwc",
aliases = {"Cherkess"},
}
m["cau-drg"] = {
"Dargwa",
5222637,
"cau-nec",
other_names = {"Dargin"},
}
m["cau-esm"] = {
"Eastern Samur",
nil,
"cau-sam",
}
m["cau-ets"] = {
"East Tsezian",
121437666,
"cau-tsz",
aliases = {"East Tsezic", "East Didoic"},
}
m["cau-lzg"] = {
"Lezghian",
2144370,
"cau-nec",
aliases = {"Lezgi", "Lezgian", "Lezgic"},
}
m["cau-nkh"] = {
"Nakh",
24441,
"cau-nec",
aliases = {"North-Central Caucasian"},
}
m["cau-nec"] = {
"Northeast Caucasian",
27387,
aliases = {"Dagestanian", "Nakho-Dagestanian", "Caspian"},
}
m["cau-nwc"] = {
"Northwest Caucasian",
33852,
aliases = {"Abkhazo-Adyghean", "Abkhaz-Adyghe", "Pontic"},
}
m["cau-sam"] = {
"Samur",
15229151,
"cau-lzg",
}
m["cau-ssm"] = {
"Southern Samur",
nil,
"cau-sam",
}
m["cau-tsz"] = {
"Tsezian",
1651530,
"cau-nec",
aliases = {"Tsezic", "Didoic"},
}
m["cau-vay"] = {
"Vainakh",
4102486,
"cau-nkh",
aliases = {"Veinakh", "Vaynakh"},
}
m["cau-wsm"] = {
"Western Samur",
nil,
"cau-sam",
}
m["cau-wts"] = {
"West Tsezian",
121437697,
"cau-tsz",
aliases = {"West Tsezic", "West Didoic"},
}
m["cba"] = {
"Chibchan",
520478,
"qfa-mch", -- or none if Macro-Chibchan is considered undemonstrated
}
m["ccs"] = {
"Kartvelian",
34030,
aliases = {"South Caucasian"},
}
m["ccs-gzn"] = {
"Georgian-Zan",
34030,
"ccs",
aliases = {"Karto-Zan"},
}
m["ccs-zan"] = {
"Zan",
2606912,
"ccs-gzn",
aliases = {"Zanuri", "Colchian"},
}
m["cdc"] = {
"Chadic",
33184,
"afa",
}
m["cdc-cbm"] = {
"Central Chadic",
2251547,
"cdc",
aliases = {"Biu-Mandara"},
}
m["cdc-est"] = {
"East Chadic",
2276221,
"cdc",
}
m["cdc-mas"] = {
"Masa",
2136092,
"cdc",
}
m["cdc-wst"] = {
"West Chadic",
2447774,
"cdc",
}
m["cdd"] = {
"Caddoan",
1025090,
}
m["cel"] = {
"Celtic",
25293,
"ine",
}
m["cel-bry"] = {
"Brythonic",
156877,
"cel-ins",
aliases = {"Brittonic"},
}
m["cel-brs"] = {
"Southwestern Brythonic",
2612853,
"cel-bry",
aliases = {"Southwestern Brittonic"},
}
m["cel-brw"] = {
"Western Brythonic",
593069,
"cel-bry",
aliases = {"Western Brittonic"},
}
m["cel-gae"] = {
"Goidelic",
56433,
"cel-ins",
aliases = {"Gaelic"},
protoLanguage = "pgl",
}
m["cel-his"] = {
"Hispano-Celtic",
4204136,
"cel",
}
m["cel-ins"] = {
"Insular Celtic",
214506,
"cel",
}
m["chi"] = {
"Chimakuan",
1073088,
}
m["chm"] = {
"Mari",
973685,
"urj",
}
m["cmc"] = {
"Chamic",
2997506,
"poz-mcm",
}
m["crp"] = {
"creole or pidgin",
19682167,
"qfa-cnt",
}
m["csu"] = {
"Central Sudanic",
190822,
"ssa",
}
m["csu-bba"] = {
"Bongo-Bagirmi",
3505042,
"csu",
}
m["csu-bbk"] = {
"Bongo-Baka",
4941917,
"csu-bba",
}
m["csu-bgr"] = {
"Bagirmi",
4841948,
"csu-bba",
aliases = {"Bagirmic"},
}
m["csu-bkr"] = {
"Birri-Kresh",
nil,
"csu",
}
m["csu-ecs"] = {
"Eastern Central Sudanic",
16911698,
"csu",
aliases = {"East Central Sudanic", "Central Sudanic East", "Lendu-Mangbetu"},
}
m["csu-kab"] = {
"Kaba",
6343715,
"csu-bba",
}
m["csu-lnd"] = {
"Lendu",
6522357,
"csu-ecs",
aliases = {"Lenduic"},
}
m["csu-maa"] = {
"Mangbetu",
6748874,
"csu-ecs",
aliases = {"Mangbetu-Asoa", "Mangbetu-Asua"},
}
m["csu-mle"] = {
"Mangbutu-Lese",
17009406,
"csu-ecs",
aliases = {"Mangbutu-Efe", "Mangbutu", "Membi-Mangbutu-Efe"},
}
m["csu-mma"] = {
"Moru-Madi",
6915156,
"csu-ecs",
}
m["csu-sar"] = {
"Sara",
2036691,
"csu-bba",
}
m["csu-val"] = {
"Vale",
7909520,
"csu-bba",
}
m["cus"] = {
"Cushitic",
33248,
"afa",
}
m["cus-cen"] = {
"Central Cushitic",
56569,
"cus",
}
m["cus-eas"] = {
"East Cushitic",
56568,
"cus",
}
m["cus-hec"] = {
"Highland East Cushitic",
56524,
"cus-eas",
}
m["cus-som"] = {
"Somaloid",
56774,
"cus-eas",
aliases = {"Sam", "Macro-Somali"},
}
m["cus-sou"] = {
"South Cushitic",
56525,
"cus",
}
m["day"] = {
"Land Dayak",
2760613,
"poz",
}
m["del"] = {
"Lenape",
2665761,
"alg-eas",
aliases = {"Delaware"},
}
m["den"] = {
"Slavey",
13272,
"ath-nor",
aliases = {"Slave", "Slavé"},
}
m["dmn"] = {
"Mande",
33681,
"nic",
}
m["dmn-bbu"] = {
"Bisa-Busa",
12627956,
"dmn-mde",
}
m["dmn-emn"] = {
"East Manding",
nil,
"dmn-man",
}
m["dmn-jje"] = {
"Jogo-Jeri",
nil,
"dmn-mjo",
}
m["dmn-man"] = {
"Manding",
35772,
"dmn-mmo",
}
m["dmn-mda"] = {
"Mano-Dan",
nil,
"dmn-mse",
}
m["dmn-mdc"] = {
"Central Mande",
5972907,
"dmn-mdw",
}
m["dmn-mde"] = {
"Eastern Mande",
12633080,
"dmn",
}
m["dmn-mdw"] = {
"Western Mande",
16113831,
"dmn",
}
m["dmn-mjo"] = {
"Manding-Jogo",
12636153,
"dmn-mdc",
}
m["dmn-mmo"] = {
"Manding-Mokole",
nil,
"dmn-mva",
}
m["dmn-mnk"] = {
"Maninka",
36186,
"dmn-emn",
}
m["dmn-mnw"] = {
"Northwestern Mande",
5972910,
"dmn-mdw",
}
m["dmn-mok"] = {
"Mokole",
16935447,
"dmn-mmo",
}
m["dmn-mse"] = {
"Southeastern Mande",
5972912,
"dmn-mde",
}
m["dmn-msw"] = {
"Southwestern Mande",
12633904,
"dmn-mdw",
}
m["dmn-mva"] = {
"Manding-Vai",
nil,
"dmn-mjo",
}
m["dmn-nbe"] = {
"Nwa-Beng",
nil,
"dmn-mse",
}
m["dmn-sam"] = {
"Samo",
36327,
"dmn-bbu",
aliases = {"Samuic"},
}
m["dmn-smg"] = {
"Samogo",
7410000,
"dmn-mnw",
aliases = {"Duun-Seenku"},
}
m["dmn-snb"] = {
"Soninke-Bobo",
16111680,
"dmn-mnw",
}
m["dmn-sya"] = {
"Susu-Yalunka",
nil,
"dmn-mdc",
}
m["dmn-vak"] = {
"Vai-Kono",
nil,
"dmn-mva",
}
m["dmn-wmn"] = {
"West Manding",
nil,
"dmn-man",
}
m["dra"] = {
"Dravidian",
33311,
}
m["dra-cen"] = {
"Central Dravidian",
12628823,
"dra",
}
m["dra-gki"] = {
"Gondi-Kui",
12631610,
"dra-sdt",
}
m["dra-gon"] = {
"Gondi",
55639812,
"dra-gki",
}
m["dra-imd"] = {
"Irula-Muduga",
nil,
"dra-tkn",
}
m["dra-kan"] = {
"Kannadoid",
6363888,
"dra-tkn",
protoLanguage = "dra-okn",
}
m["dra-kki"] = {
"Konda-Kui",
nil,
"dra-gki",
}
m["dra-kml"] = {
"Kurux-Malto",
68002822,
"dra-nor",
}
m["dra-knk"] = {
"Kolami-Naiki",
10547037,
"dra-cen",
}
m["dra-kod"] = {
"Kodagu",
67983106,
"dra-tkd",
}
m["dra-kor"] = {
"Koraga",
33394,
"dra-tlk",
}
m["dra-mal"] = {
"Malayalamoid",
6741581,
"dra-tml",
}
m["dra-mdy"] = {
"Madiya",
27602,
"dra-gon",
}
m["dra-mlo"] = {
"Malto",
nil,
"dra-kml",
}
m["dra-mur"] = {
"Muria",
6938499,
"dra-gon",
}
m["dra-nor"] = {
"North Dravidian",
16110967,
"dra",
}
m["dra-pgd"] = {
"Parji-Gadaba",
10620428,
"dra-cen",
}
m["dra-sdo"] = {
"South Dravidian I",
16112843, -- Wikipedia's "South Dravidian" is South Dravidian I in this scheme.
"dra-sou",
aliases = {"South Dravidian"}, -- This is why I and II are used.
}
m["dra-sdt"] = {
"South Dravidian II",
12633975,
"dra-sou",
aliases = {"South-Central Dravidian"},
}
m["dra-sou"] = {
"South Dravidian",
128886618,
"dra",
aliases = {"Southern Dravidian"},
}
m["dra-tam"] = {
"Tamiloid",
7681417,
"dra-tml",
protoLanguage = "oty",
}
m["dra-tel"] = {
"Teluguic",
nil,
"dra-sdt",
protoLanguage = "dra-ote",
}
m["dra-tkd"] = {
"Tamil-Kodagu",
25494510,
"dra-tkn",
}
m["dra-tkn"] = {
"Tamil-Kannada",
6478506,
"dra-sdo",
}
m["dra-tkt"] = {
"Toda-Kota",
67983857,
"dra-tkd",
}
m["dra-tlk"] = {
"Tulu-Koraga",
nil,
"dra-sdo",
}
m["dra-tml"] = {
"Tamil-Malayalam",
10690507,
"dra-tkd",
}
m["egx"] = {
"Egyptian",
50868,
"afa",
protoLanguage = "egy",
}
m["ero"] = {
"Horpa",
56854,
"sit-wgy",
}
m["esx"] = {
"Eskimo-Aleut",
25946,
}
m["esx-esk"] = {
"Eskimo",
25946,
"esx",
}
m["esx-inu"] = {
"Inuit",
27796,
"esx-esk",
}
m["euq"] = {
"Vasconic",
4669240,
}
m["gba"] = {
"Gbaya",
3099986,
"alv-sav",
}
m["gba-eas"] = {
"Eastern Gbaya",
nil,
"gba",
}
m["gba-sou"] = {
"Southern Gbaya",
nil,
"gba",
}
m["gba-wes"] = {
"Western Gbaya",
nil,
"gba",
}
m["gem"] = {
"Hermaniko", --TLCHANGE
21200,
"ine",
english_name = "Germanic", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Germánico", --TLCHANGE
}
m["gio"] = {
"Gelao",
56401,
"qfa-kra",
}
m["gme"] = {
"East Germanic",
108662,
"gem",
}
m["gmq"] = {
"North Germanic",
106085,
"gem",
}
m["gmq-eas"] = {
"East Scandinavian",
3090263,
"gmq",
protoLanguage = "non-oen",
}
m["gmq-ins"] = {
"Insular Scandinavian",
nil,
"gmq-wes",
}
m["gmq-wes"] = {
"West Scandinavian",
1792570,
"gmq",
protoLanguage = "non-own",
}
m["gmw"] = {
"Kanlurang Hermaniko", --TLCHANGE
26721,
"gem",
english_name = "West Germanic", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Germánico occidental", --TLCHANGE
}
m["gmw-afr"] = {
"Angglofrisyo", --TLCHANGE
5329170,
"gmw-nsg",
english_name = "Anglo-Frisian", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Anglofrisio", --TLCHANGE
}
m["gmw-ang"] = {
"Anggliko", --TLCHANGE
1346342,
"gmw-afr",
protoLanguage = "ang",
english_name = "Anglic", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Ánglico", --TLCHANGE
}
m["gmw-fri"] = {
"Frisian",
25325,
"gmw-afr",
protoLanguage = "ofs",
}
m["gmw-frk"] = {
"Mababang Franconyo", --TLCHANGE
153050,
"gmw",
protoLanguage = "frk",
english_name = "Low Franconian", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Bajofranconio", --TLCHANGE
}
m["gmw-hgm"] = {
"Mataas na Hermaniko", --TLCHANGE
52040,
"gmw",
protoLanguage = "goh",
english_name = "High German", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Altogermánico", --TLCHANGE
}
m["gmw-ian"] = {
"Irish Anglo-Norman",
120719384,
"gmw-ang",
protoLanguage = "enm",
}
m["gmw-lgm"] = {
"Mababang Hermaniko", --TLCHANGE
25433,
"gmw-nsg",
protoLanguage = "osx",
english_name = "Low German", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Bajogermánico", --TLCHANGE
}
m["gmw-nsg"] = {
"Hermaniko Dagat Hilaga", --TLCHANGE
30134,
"gmw",
aliases = {"Ingvaeonic"},
english_name = "North Sea Germanic",
spanish_name = "Germánico del mar del norte", --TLCHANGE
}
m["gn"] = {
"Guarani",
35876,
"tup-gua",
aliases = {"Guaraní"},
}
m["grb"] = {
"Grebo proper",
35257,
"kro-grb",
}
m["grk"] = {
"Hellenic",
2042538,
"ine",
aliases = {"Greek"},
}
m["him"] = {
"Western Pahari",
10939493,
"inc-pah",
aliases = {"Himachali"},
}
m["hmn"] = {
"Hmongic",
3307894,
"hmx",
}
m["hmx"] = {
"Hmong-Mien",
33322,
aliases = {"Miao-Yao"},
}
m["hmx-mie"] = {
"Mienic",
7992695,
"hmx",
}
m["hok"] = {
"Hokan",
33406,
}
m["hyx"] = {
"Armenian",
8785,
"ine",
}
m["iir"] = {
"Indo-Iranian",
33514,
"ine",
}
m["iir-nur"] = {
"Nuristani",
161804,
"iir",
}
m["nur-nor"] = {
"Northern Nuristani",
nil,
"iir-nur",
}
m["nur-sou"] = {
"Southern Nuristani",
nil,
"iir-nur",
}
m["ijo"] = {
"Ijoid",
1325759,
"nic",
other_names = {"Ijaw"}, -- Ijaw may be a subfamily
}
m["inc"] = {
"Indo-Aryan",
33577,
"iir",
aliases = {"Indic"},
}
m["inc-bas"] = {
"Bengali-Assamese",
4179137,
"inc-eas",
aliases = {"Assamese-Bengali", "Gauda-Kamarupa"},
}
m["inc-bhi"] = {
"Bhil",
4901727,
"inc-cen",
}
m["inc-bih"] = {
"Bihari",
135305,
"inc-eas",
}
m["inc-cen"] = {
"Central Indo-Aryan",
10979187,
"inc",
protoLanguage = "inc-asa",
}
m["inc-chi"] = {
"Chitrali",
11732797,
"inc-dar",
}
m["inc-dar"] = {
"Dardic",
161101,
"inc",
protoLanguage = "inc-ash",
}
m["inc-dre"] = {
"Eastern Dardic",
nil,
"inc-dar",
}
m["inc-dng"] = {
"Dangari",
nil,
"inc-shn",
}
m["inc-eas"] = {
"Eastern Indo-Aryan",
12593391,
"inc",
protoLanguage = "inc-aav",
}
m["inc-hal"] = {
"Halbic",
16910593,
"inc-eas",
aliases = {"Halbi"},
}
m["inc-hie"] = {
"Eastern Hindi",
4126648,
"inc-cen",
aliases = {"Purabiyā"},
protoLanguage = "inc-apa",
}
m["inc-hiw"] = {
"Western Hindi",
12600937,
"inc-cen",
protoLanguage = "inc-ohi",
}
m["inc-hnd"] = {
"Hindustani",
11051,
"inc-hiw",
aliases = {"Hindi-Urdu"},
protoLanguage = "hi-mid",
}
m["inc-ins"] = {
"Insular Indo-Aryan",
12179302,
"inc",
protoLanguage = "inc-apa",
}
m["inc-kas"] = {
"Kashmiric",
nil,
"inc-dre",
aliases = {"Kashmiri"},
}
m["inc-koh"] = {
"Kohistani",
13018610,
"inc-dre",
}
m["inc-krd"] = {
"KRDS languages",
6356154,
"inc-eas",
aliases = {"Kamta, Rajbanshi, Deshi and Surjapuri", "KRNB languages", "Kamta, Rajbanshi and Northern Deshi Bangla"},
}
m["inc-kun"] = {
"Kunar",
nil,
"inc-dar",
}
m["inc-mid"] = {
"Middle Indo-Aryan",
3236316,
"inc",
aliases = {"Middle Indic"},
}
m["inc-nwe"] = {
"Northwestern Indo-Aryan",
16111018,
"inc",
protoLanguage = "inc-apa",
}
m["inc-nor"] = {
"Northern Indo-Aryan",
946077,
"inc",
protoLanguage = "inc-aka",
}
m["inc-old"] = {
"Old Indo-Aryan",
118976896,
"inc",
aliases = {"Old Indic"},
}
m["inc-pah"] = {
"Pahari",
946077,
"inc-nor",
aliases = {"Pahadi"},
protoLanguage = "inc-aka",
}
m["inc-pan"] = {
"Punjabic",
2656685,
"inc-nwe",
aliases = {"Greater Punjabic"},
protoLanguage = "inc-opa",
}
m["inc-pas"] = {
"Pashayi",
36670,
"inc-dar",
aliases = {"Pashai"},
}
m["inc-rom"] = {
"Romani",
13201,
"inc-wes",
aliases = {"Romany", "Gypsy", "Gipsy"},
}
m["inc-shn"] = {
"Shinaic",
12646125,
"inc-dre",
}
m["inc-snd"] = {
"Sindhic",
7522212,
"inc-nwe",
protoLanguage = "inc-avr",
}
m["inc-sou"] = {
"Southern Indo-Aryan",
10856062,
"inc",
protoLanguage = "inc-ama",
}
m["inc-tha"] = {
"Tharu",
34035,
"inc-eas",
}
m["inc-wes"] = {
"Western Indo-Aryan",
nil,
"inc",
protoLanguage = "inc-agu",
}
m["ine"] = {
"Indoeuropeo", --TLCHANGE
19860,
aliases = {"Indo-Germanic"},
english_name = "Indo-European", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Indoeuropeo", --TLCHANGE
}
m["ine-ana"] = {
"Anatolian",
147085,
"ine",
}
m["ine-bsl"] = {
"Balto-Slavic",
147356,
"ine",
}
m["ine-toc"] = {
"Tocharian",
37029,
"ine",
aliases = {"Tokharian"},
}
m["ira"] = {
"Iranian",
33527,
"iir",
}
m["ira-csp"] = {
"Caspian",
5049123,
"ira-mpr",
}
m["ira-cen"] = {
"Central Iranian",
nil,
"ira",
}
m["ira-kms"] = {
"Komisenian",
nil,
"ira-mpr",
aliases = {"Semnani"},
}
m["ine-luw"] = {
"Luwic",
115748615,
"ine-ana",
aliases = {"Luvic"},
}
m["ira-mid"] = {
"Middle Iranian",
6841465,
"ira",
}
m["ira-mny"] = {
"Munji-Yidgha",
nil,
"ira-sym",
aliases = {"Yidgha-Munji"},
}
m["ira-msh"] = {
"Mazanderani-Shahmirzadi",
nil,
"ira-csp",
}
m["ira-nei"] = {
"Northeastern Iranian",
10775567,
"ira",
}
m["ira-nwi"] = {
"Northwestern Iranian",
390576,
"ira-wes",
}
m["ira-old"] = {
"Old Iranian",
23301845,
"ira",
}
m["ira-orp"] = {
"Ormuri-Parachi",
nil,
"ira-sei",
}
m["ira-pat"] = {
"Pathan",
nil,
"ira-sei",
}
m["ira-sbc"] = {
"Sogdo-Bactrian",
nil,
"ira-nei",
}
m["ira-mpr"] = {
"Medo-Parthian",
nil,
"ira-nwi",
aliases = {"Partho-Median"},
}
m["ira-sgi"] = {
"Sanglechi-Ishkashimi",
18711232,
"ira-sei",
}
m["ira-shr"] = {
"Shughni-Roshani",
11732824,
"ira-shy",
}
m["ira-shy"] = {
"Shughni-Yazghulami",
nil,
"ira-sym",
}
m["ira-sgc"] = {
"Sogdic",
nil,
"ira-sbc",
aliases = {"Sogdian"},
}
m["ira-sei"] = {
"Southeastern Iranian",
3833002,
"ira",
}
m["ira-swi"] = {
"Southwestern Iranian",
390424,
"ira-wes",
}
m["ira-sym"] = {
"Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji",
nil,
"ira-sei",
}
m["ira-wes"] = {
"Western Iranian",
129850,
"ira",
}
m["ira-zgr"] = {
"Zaza-Gorani",
167854,
"ira-mpr",
aliases = {"Zaza-Gurani", "Gorani-Zaza"},
}
m["iro"] = {
"Iroquoian",
33623,
}
m["iro-nor"] = {
"North Iroquoian",
nil,
"iro",
}
m["itc"] = {
"Italiko", --TLCHANGE
131848,
"ine",
english_name = "Italic", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Itálico", --TLCHANGE
}
m["itc-laf"] = {
"Latino-Faliscan",
33478,
"itc",
aliases = {"Latinian"},
}
m["itc-sbl"] = {
"Osco-Umbrian",
515194,
"itc",
aliases = {"Sabellic", "Sabellian"},
}
m["jpx"] = {
"Haponiko",
33612,
aliases = {"Japanese", "Japanese-Ryukyuan"},
english_name = "Japonic", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Japónico", --TLCHANGE
}
m["jpx-nry"] = {
"Kahilagaang Ryukyuwense", --TLCHANGE
20862796,
"jpx-ryu",
english_name = "Northern Ryukyuan", --TLCHANGE
}
m["jpx-ryu"] = {
"Ryukyuwense", --TLCHANGE
56393,
"jpx",
english_name = "Ryukyuan", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Ryukyuense", --TLCHANGE
}
m["jpx-sry"] = {
"Katimugang Ryukyuwense", --TLCHANGE
18392243,
"jpx-ryu",
english_name = "Southern Ryukyuan", --TLCHANGE
}
m["kar"] = {
"Karen",
1364815,
"sit",
}
m["kca"] = {
"Khanty",
33563,
"urj-ugr",
aliases = {"Khantyic", "Khantic"},
}
--[=[
Exceptional language and family codes for Khoisan and Kordofanian languages can use
the prefix "khi-" and "kdo-" respectively, though they are no longer family codes themselves.
]=]--
m["khi-kal"] = {
"Kalahari Khoe",
nil,
"khi-kho",
}
m["khi-khk"] = {
"Khoekhoe",
nil,
"khi-kho",
}
m["khi-kkw"] = {
"Khoe-Kwadi",
60785084,
aliases = {"Kwadi-Khoe"},
}
m["khi-kho"] = {
"Khoe",
2736449,
"khi-kkw",
aliases = {"Central Khoisan"},
}
m["khi-kxa"] = {
"Kx'a",
6450587,
aliases = {"Kxa", "Ju-ǂHoan"},
}
m["khi-tuu"] = {
"Tuu",
631046,
aliases = {"Kwi", "Taa-Kwi", "Southern Khoisan", "Taa-ǃKwi", "Taa-ǃUi", "ǃUi-Taa"},
}
m["kro"] = {
"Kru",
33535,
"nic-vco",
}
m["kro-aiz"] = {
"Aizi",
4699431,
"kro",
}
m["kro-bet"] = {
"Bété",
32956,
"kro-ekr",
}
m["kro-did"] = {
"Dida",
32685,
"kro-ekr",
}
m["kro-ekr"] = {
"Eastern Kru",
5972899,
"kro",
}
m["kro-grb"] = {
"Grebo",
5601537,
"kro-wkr",
}
m["kro-wee"] = {
"Wee",
nil,
"kro-wkr",
}
m["kro-wkr"] = {
"Western Kru",
5972897,
"kro",
}
m["ku"] = {
"Kurdo", --TLCHANGE
36368,
"ira-nwi",
english_name = "Kurdish", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Kurdo", --TLCHANGE
}
m["kv"] = {
"Komi",
36126, -- "Komi language" in Wikipedia but refers specifically to Komi-Zyrian; no Wikidata item for Komi family
"urj-prm",
}
m["map"] = {
"Awstronesyo", --TLCHANGE
49228,
is_official_kwf_name = "https://www.facebook.com/share/p/1BVD5EcS79/", --TLCHANGE
english_name = "Austronesian", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Austronesio", --TLCHANGE
}
m["map-ata"] = {
"Atayalic",
716610,
"map",
}
m["mjg"] = {
"Monguor",
34214,
"xgn-shr",
}
m["mkh"] = {
"Mon-Khmer",
33199,
"aav",
}
m["mkh-asl"] = {
"Aslian",
3111082,
"mkh",
}
m["mkh-ban"] = {
"Bahnaric",
56309,
"mkh",
}
m["mkh-kat"] = {
"Katuic",
56697,
"mkh",
}
m["mkh-khm"] = {
"Khmuic",
1323245,
"mkh",
}
m["mkh-kmr"] = {
"Khmeric",
nil,
"mkh",
}
m["mkh-mnc"] = {
"Monic",
3217497,
"mkh",
}
m["mkh-mng"] = {
"Mangic",
3509556,
"mkh",
}
m["mkh-nbn"] = {
"North Bahnaric",
56309,
"mkh-ban",
}
m["mkh-pal"] = {
"Palaungic",
2391173,
"mkh",
}
m["mkh-pea"] = {
"Pearic",
3073022,
"mkh",
}
m["mkh-pkn"] = {
"Pakanic",
nil,
"mkh-mng",
}
m["mkh-vie"] = {
"Vietic",
2355546,
"mkh",
}
m["mno"] = {
"Manobo",
3217483,
"phi",
}
m["mns"] = {
"Mansi",
33759,
"urj-ugr",
aliases = {"Mansic"},
}
m["mun"] = {
"Munda",
33892,
"aav",
}
m["myn"] = {
"Mayan",
33738,
}
--[=[
Exceptional language and family codes for North American Indian languages
can use the prefix "nai-", though "nai" is no longer itself a family code.
]=]--
m["nai-cat"] = {
"Catawban",
3446638,
"nai-sca",
}
m["nai-chu"] = {
"Chumashan",
1288420,
}
m["nai-ckn"] = {
"Chinookan",
610586,
}
m["nai-coo"] = {
"Coosan",
940278,
}
m["nai-jcq"] = {
"Jicaquean",
12179308,
"hok"
}
m["nai-ker"] = {
"Keresan",
35878,
}
m["nai-klp"] = {
"Kalapuyan",
1569040,
}
m["nai-kta"] = {
"Kiowa-Tanoan",
386288,
}
m["nai-len"] = {
"Lencan",
36189,
aliases = {"Lenca"},
}
m["nai-mdu"] = {
"Maiduan",
33502,
}
m["nai-miz"] = {
"Mixe-Zoquean",
954016,
aliases = {"Mixe-Zoque"},
}
m["nai-min"] = {
"Misumalpan",
281693,
"qfa-mch",
aliases = {"Misuluan", "Misumalpa"},
}
m["nai-mus"] = {
"Muskogean",
902978,
aliases = {"Muskhogean"},
}
m["nai-pak"] = {
"Pakawan",
65085487,
"hok",
}
m["nai-pal"] = {
"Palaihnihan",
1288332,
}
m["nai-plp"] = {
"Plateau Penutian",
2307476,
}
m["nai-pom"] = {
"Pomoan",
2618420,
"hok",
aliases = {"Pomo", "Kulanapan"},
}
m["nai-sca"] = {
"Siouan-Catawban",
34181,
}
m["nai-shp"] = {
"Sahaptian",
114782,
"nai-plp",
}
m["nai-shs"] = {
"Shastan",
2991735,
"hok",
}
m["nai-tot"] = {
"Totozoquean",
7828419,
}
m["nai-ttn"] = {
"Totonacan",
34039,
aliases = {"Totonac-Tepehua", "Totonacan-Tepehuan"},
varieties = {"Totonac"},
}
m["nai-tqn"] = {
"Tequistlatecan",
1568317,
"hok",
aliases = {"Tequistlatec", "Chontal", "Chontalan", "Oaxacan Chontal", "Chontal of Oaxaca"},
}
m["nai-tsi"] = {
"Tsimshianic",
34134,
}
m["nai-utn"] = {
"Utian",
13371763,
"nai-you",
aliases = {"Miwok-Costanoan", "Mutsun"},
}
m["nai-wtq"] = {
"Wintuan",
1294259,
aliases = {"Wintun"},
}
m["nai-xin"] = {
"Xincan",
1546494,
aliases = {"Xinca"},
}
m["nai-ykn"] = {
"Yukian",
2406722,
aliases = {"Yuki-Wappo"},
}
m["nai-you"] = {
"Yok-Utian",
2886186,
}
m["nai-yuc"] = {
"Yuman-Cochimí",
579137,
}
m["ngf"] = {
"Trans-New Guinea",
34018,
}
m["ngf-ais"] = {
"Aisian",
nil,
"ngf-eso",
}
m["ngf-ang"] = {
"Angan",
3217366,
"ngf",
aliases = {"Kratke Range"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-ank"] = {
"Angal-Kewa",
12626916, -- exist in dewiki and hrwiki
"ngf-sak",
}
m["ngf-ask"] = {
"Asmat-Kamoro",
3031400,
"ngf",
-- Wikipedia uses Asmat-Kamoro to refer to a narrower group excluding the Sabakor languages (Buruwai and Kamberau,
-- which Glottolog splits into North Kamrau and South Kamrau [sic]), and uses Asmat-Kamrau to refer to what we and
-- Glottolog call Asmat-Kamoro. Glottolog does not recognize the narrower grouping.
aliases = {"Asmat-Kamrau", -- Wikipedia
"Asmat-Kamrau Bay", -- Usher
},
}
m["ngf-asm"] = {
"Asmat",
4807421,
"ngf-ask",
}
m["ngf-ata"] = {
"Ankave-Tainae-Akoye",
nil,
"ngf-ang",
aliases = {"Southwest Kratke Range"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-awd"] = {
"Awyu-Dumut", -- [[w:Awyu-Dumut languages]] redirects to [[w:Greater Awyu languages]]
4830163, -- exist in eswiki, hrwiki and ruwiki
"ngf-gaw",
aliases = {"Central Digul River"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-awy"] = {
"Awyu",
96372866,
"ngf-awd",
}
m["ngf-bda"] = {
"Becking-Dawi",
nil, -- Q55993716 ([[Category:Becking–Dawi languages]]) exists in enwiki
"ngf-gaw",
aliases = {"Becking and Dawi Rivers"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-bin"] = {
"Binanderean",
3217374, -- Wikidata doesn't distinguish Binanderean from Greater Binanderean
"ngf-gbi",
aliases = {"Oro"}, -- Usher (2020)
}
m["ngf-boa"] = {
"Boane",
nil,
"ngf-era",
aliases = {"Boana", -- Glottolog's name
"Wain"}, -- not in Usher; "Wain" often excludes Mungkip, perhaps because it's poorly documented
}
m["ngf-bos"] = {
"Bosavi",
4947122,
"ngf",
aliases = {"Papuan Plateau"}, -- alternative name given by Wikipedia
}
m["ngf-bsi"] = {
"Baruya-Simbari",
nil,
"ngf-ang",
aliases = {"Northwest Kratke Range"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-cda"] = {
"Central Dani",
nil,
"ngf-dan",
aliases = {"Dani"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-chw"] = {
"Chimbu-Wahgi",
3217383,
"ngf",
aliases = {"Simbu-Western Highlands"}, -- alternative name given by Wikipedia
}
m["ngf-dag"] = {
"Dagan",
5208454,
"ngf", -- not accepted as TNG by Glottolog but accepted by all others
aliases = {"Meneao Range"},
}
m["ngf-dal"] = {
"Dallman",
nil,
"ngf-huo",
aliases = {"Kinalakna-Kumukio", -- Pawley-Hammarström, who exclude Nomu, but they only had a numeral list of that language to work from
"Northeast Huon", -- Usher
},
}
m["ngf-dan"] = {
"Dani",
3217389,
"ngf",
-- Wikipedia renames the Dani languages to the Baliem Valley languages and sometimes (but not consistently)
-- reserves the name Dani (or "Dani proper") for a narrower group excluding Wano and the poorly attested Ngalik
-- languages (Nduga, Silimo, and the Yali dialect cluster, which we, following Ethnologue and Glottolog, split into
-- Anggurk Yali, Ninia Yali and Pass Valley Yali). Glottolog does not recognize the narrower grouping.
aliases = {"Baliem Valley", -- Wikipedia
"Balim Valley", -- Usher
},
}
m["ngf-dum"] = {
"Dumut", -- [[w:Dumut languages]] redirects to [[w:Greater Awyu languages]]
nil,
"ngf-awd",
aliases = {"Wambon"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-ehu"] = {
"Eastern Huon", -- Glottolog adds Ono and Sialum, Pawley-Hammarström adds Dedua
10567087,
"ngf-huo",
aliases = {"East Huon"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-eku"] = {
"East Kutubuan",
5328752,
"ngf", -- Not in TNG per Glottolog but accepted by all others. Sometimes grouped with Fasu to form a Kutubuan family.
aliases = {"East Kutubu"}, -- Glottolog's name
}
m["ngf-enc"] = {
"Engic",
nil,
"ngf-eng",
aliases = {"Engan", -- Glottolog
"Engan proper", -- Wikipedia
"North Engan", -- alternative name given by Wikipedia
"Trans-Enga", -- Usher
},
}
m["ngf-eng"] = {
"Engan",
3217449,
"ngf",
aliases = {"Enga-Kewa-Huli", -- Glottolog, Pawley-Hammarström
"Enga-Southern Highlands", -- Usher
},
}
m["ngf-era"] = {
"Erap",
nil,
"ngf-fin",
aliases = {"Erap River"}, -- Usher?
}
m["ngf-eso"] = {
"East Sogeram",
nil,
"ngf-sog",
}
m["ngf-est"] = {
"East Strickland",
5329440,
"ngf",
aliases = {"Strickland River"}, -- alternative name given by Wikipedia
}
m["ngf-eva"] = {
"Evapia",
nil,
"ngf-rai",
aliases = {"Evapia River"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-fgi"] = {
"Fore-Gimi",
nil,
"ngf-gor",
aliases = {"South Goroka"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-fhu"] = {
"Finisterre-Huon",
3217453,
"ngf",
aliases = {"Finisterre Range-Huon Peninsula"}, -- per Usher
}
m["ngf-fin"] = {
"Finisterre",
5450373,
"ngf-fhu",
aliases = {"Finisterre-Saruwaged", -- Glottolog's name
"Finisterre Range"}, -- per Usher
}
m["ngf-gah"] = {
"Gahuku",
nil,
"ngf-gor",
aliases = {"Alekano-Asaro River"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-gau"] = {
"Gauwa",
nil,
"ngf-kai",
aliases = {"West Kainantu"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-gaw"] = {
"Greater Awyu",
12627424,
"ngf",
aliases = {"Digul River"}, -- used by Usher (2020)
}
m["ngf-gbi"] = {
"Greater Binanderean",
3217374, -- Wikidata doesn't distinguish Binanderean from Greater Binanderean
"ngf", -- not placed in Trans-New Guinea in Usher (2020)
aliases = {"Guhu-Oro"}, -- Guhu-Oro is used in Usher (2020)
}
m["ngf-gko"] = {
"Gaena-Korafe",
11732347, -- considered a single Korafe language by Wikipedia
"ngf-bin",
aliases = {"Gaina-Korafe"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-gmo"] = {
"Gusap-Mot",
16110857,
"ngf-fin",
aliases = {"Mot River"}, -- Usher?
}
m["ngf-gor"] = {
"Goroka",
15478597,
"ngf-kgo",
}
m["ngf-gsu"] = {
"Gogodala-Suki",
5577428,
"ngf", -- Possibly in the proposed Papuan Gulf family. Not in TNG per Glottolog but accepted by all others.
aliases = {"Suki-Gogodala", -- Glottolog's name
"Suki-Aramia River", -- Used in Usher (2020)
},
}
m["ngf-gum"] = {
"Gum",
5618008,
"ngf-mab",
}
m["ngf-gvd"] = {
"Grand Valley Dani", -- considered a single language by Wikipedia
5595219,
"ngf-cda",
}
m["ngf-hag"] = {
"Hagen", -- [[w:Hagen languages]] redirects to [[w:Chimbu–Wahgi languages]]
nil,
"ngf-chw",
aliases = {"Melpa-Kaugel River"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-han"] = {
"Hanseman",
5651020,
"ngf-mab",
aliases = {"Hansemann Range"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-huo"] = {
"Huon",
5946109,
"ngf-fhu",
aliases = {"Huon Peninsula"}, -- per Usher
}
m["ngf-jim"] = {
"Jimi", -- [[w:Jimi languages]] and [[w:Jimi River languages]] redirect to [[w:Chimbu–Wahgi languages]]
nil,
"ngf-chw",
aliases = {"Jimi River"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-kab"] = {
"Kabwum",
nil,
"ngf-huo",
aliases = {"Timbe-Selepet-Komba", -- Pawley-Hammarström,
"Northwest Huon", -- Usher
},
}
m["ngf-kai"] = {
"Kainantu", -- Kambaira: under "unclassified Kainantu" (Glottolog), Tairora (Pawley-Hammarström), Gauwa (Usher)
15478590,
"ngf-kgo",
aliases = {"Gadsup-Auyana-Awa-Tairora"}, -- Wurm,
}
m["ngf-kak"] = {
"Kalam-Kobon",
6350303,
"ngf-ksa",
aliases = {"Kalam",
"Kaironk River"}, -- Usher (2020)
}
m["ngf-kau"] = {
"Kaukombar",
nil,
"ngf-nad",
aliases = {"Kaukombaran", -- Glottolog following Z'graggen (1975)
"Kaukombar River"}, -- Usher's term
}
m["ngf-kbm"] = {
"Kosorong-Burum-Mindik",
nil,
"ngf-huo",
aliases = {"Bulum River"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-kgo"] = {
"Kainantu-Goroka",
3217463,
"ngf",
aliases = {"Eastern Highlands"}, -- per Usher (2020)
}
m["ngf-khu"] = {
"Kewa-Huli",
nil,
"ngf-eng",
aliases = {"Huli-Southern Highlands"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-kma"] = {
"Kâte-Mape",
nil,
"ngf-ehu",
aliases = {"Kate-Mape-Sene", -- Pawley-Hammarström (with Sene),
"Southeast Huon", -- Usher
},
}
m["ngf-kme"] = {
"Kapau-Menya",
nil,
"ngf-ang",
aliases = {"Southeast Kratke Range"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-koi"] = {
"Koiarian",
11154240,
"ngf", -- not accepted as TNG by Glottolog but accepted by all others
aliases = {"Koiari-Managalas Plateau"},
}
m["ngf-kok"] = {
"Kokon", -- Usher calls it South Mabuso but includes Gum in it
nil,
"ngf-mab",
}
m["ngf-kow"] = {
"Kowan",
6435004,
"ngf-mad",
aliases = {"Isumrud Strait"}, -- per Usher (2020)
}
m["ngf-ksa"] = {
"Kalam-Southern Adelbert",
nil,
"ngf-mad",
aliases = {"Kalamic-South Adelbert", -- Glottolog
"West Madang"}, -- Usher (2020)
}
m["ngf-kto"] = {
"Kube-Tobo", -- per Glottolog, one language "Kulungtfu-Yuanggeng-Tobo"
1173235, -- code for Tobo-Kube language
"ngf-huo",
aliases = {"Tobo-Kube"},
}
m["ngf-kts"] = {
"Komyandaret-Tsaukambo",
nil,
"ngf-bda",
aliases = {"Becking River"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-kum"] = {
"Kumil",
nil,
"ngf-nad",
aliases = {"Kumilan", -- Pawley-Hammarström following Z'graggen (1975)
"Kumil River"}, -- Usher's term
}
m["ngf-kya"] = {
"Kamano-Yagaria",
nil,
"ngf-gor",
aliases = {"Henganofi", -- Usher
"Kamano-Yagaria-Keigana",
},
}
m["ngf-lok"] = {
"Lowland Ok",
nil,
"ngf-okk",
}
m["ngf-mab"] = {
"Mabuso",
6721668,
"ngf-mad",
}
m["ngf-mad"] = {
"Madang",
11217556,
"ngf",
aliases = {"Madang-Adelbert Range"}, -- Z'graggen (1975), corresponding to today's Madang except in lacking Kalam and Gants
}
m["ngf-mek"] = {
"Mek",
6810515,
"ngf",
aliases = {"Goliath"}, -- outdated alternative name given by Wikipedia
}
m["ngf-min"] = {
"Mindjim",
86749913,
"ngf-mad",
aliases = {"Lower Minjim", -- Glottolog, placed in Rai Coast by Glottolog and Pawley-Hammarström; Glottolog's
-- Mindjim has 6 languages, including "Upper Minjim" (Rerau and Sgi Bara)
"Mindjim River", -- Usher
"Minjim", "Minjim River",
},
}
-- Add if Molet is separated from Asaro'o
-- m["ngf-moa"] = {
-- "Molet-Asaro'o",
-- nil,
-- "ngf-war",
-- }
m["ngf-mok"] = {
"Mountain Ok", -- [[w:Mountain Ok languages]] redirects to [[w:Ok languages]]
nil,
"ngf-okk",
}
m["ngf-mom"] = {
"Mombum",
6897077,
"ngf", -- not accepted as TNG by Glottolog but accepted by all others
aliases = {"Mombum-Koneraw", "Komolom", "Muli Strait"}, -- Pawley-Hammarström uses Komolom, Usher uses Muli Strait
}
m["ngf-msu"] = {
"Mian-Suganga", -- considred a single Mian language by Wikipedia
12952846,
"ngf-mok",
aliases = {"Mianic"}, -- Glottolog
}
m["ngf-nad"] = {
"Northern Adelbert", -- not accepted by Pawley-Hammarström
16952821, -- code for Croisilles linkage
"ngf-mad",
aliases = {"Adelbert Range-Isumrud Strait", -- Usher (2020)
"North Adelbert",
"Pihom-Isumrud"}, -- Ross?
}
m["ngf-nbi"] = {
"North Binanderean",
nil,
"ngf-bin",
aliases = {"Suena-Zia"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-nde"] = {
"Ndeiram", -- [[w:Ndeiram River languages]] redirects to [[w:Greater Awyu languages]]
nil,
"ngf-awd",
aliases = {"Ndeiram River"}, -- Usher?
}
m["ngf-ngn"] = {
"Ngalik-Nduga", -- [[w:Ngalik languages]] redirects to [[w:Baliem Valley languages]] = Dani languages
nil,
"ngf-dan",
aliases = {"Ngalik"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-nso"] = {
"North Sogeram",
nil,
"ngf-sog",
aliases = {"Mum-Sirva", -- Usher
"North Central Sogeram", -- used by those who accept Central Sogeram (= North Sogeram + Apali and Manat)
"North-Central Sogeram", -- rarer than without the dash
"Sikan"}, -- Z’graggen (1975?)
}
m["ngf-num"] = {
"Numugen",
nil,
"ngf-nad",
aliases = {"Numugenan", -- Glottolog following Z'graggen 1975
"Numugen River"}, -- Usher's term
}
m["ngf-nur"] = {
"Nuru", -- Usher excludes Yangulam, Pawley-Hammarström include Jilim and Rerau
nil,
"ngf-rai",
aliases = {"Nuru River"}, -- Usher?
}
m["ngf-nwh"] = {
"Northwest Hanseman", -- Usher
nil,
"ngf-han",
aliases = {"Wamas-Samosa-Murupi-Mosimo"}, -- Glottolog, Greenhill, and Pawley-Hammarström following Z'graggen; the most common name, but very unwieldy
}
m["ngf-oen"] = {
"Outer Engan", -- considered a single Nete language by Wikipedia
6998869,
"ngf-enc",
aliases = {"Nete-Bisorio"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-okk"] = {
"Ok",
7081687,
"ngf",
}
m["ngf-omo"] = {
"Omosan", -- not included in (Greater) Northern Adelbert by Glottolog, but a sister
nil,
"ngf-nad",
}
m["ngf-oro"] = {
"Orokaivic",
7103752, -- considered a single Orokaiva language by Wikipedia
"ngf-bin",
aliases = {"Central Oro"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-pan"] = {
"Paniai Lakes",
6035631,
"ngf",
aliases = {"Wissel Lakes", "Wissel Lakes-Kemandoga River"}, -- alternative names given by Wikipedia
}
m["ngf-pek"] = {
"Peka",
nil,
"ngf-rai",
aliases = {"Peka River"}, -- Usher?
}
m["ngf-pom"] = {
"Pomoikan",
nil,
"ngf-sad",
}
m["ngf-rai"] = {
"Rai Coast",
7283663,
"ngf-mad",
aliases = {"South Madang"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-sab"] = {
"Sabakor", -- [[w:Sabakor languages]] redirects to [[w:Asmat–Kamrau languages]]
nil, -- 55994614 is for [[Category:Kamrau Bay languages]], which exists on enwiki
"ngf-ask",
aliases = {"Kamrau Bay"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-sad"] = {
"Southern Adelbert",
12633980,
"ngf-ksa",
aliases = {"South Adelbert", -- Glottolog
"Southern Adelbert Range", -- Z'graggen (1980)
"Sogeram and Tomul Rivers"}, -- Usher (2020)?
}
m["ngf-sak"] = {
"Sau-Angal-Kewa",
nil,
"ngf-khu",
aliases = {"Southern Highlands"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-san"] = {
"Sankwep",
nil,
"ngf-huo",
aliases = {"Nabak-Momolili", -- Pawley-Hammarström,
"Southwest Huon", -- Usher
},
}
m["ngf-sbh"] = {
"South Bird's Head",
7566330,
"ngf",
}
m["ngf-sim"] = {
"Simbu",
nil,
"ngf-chw",
}
m["ngf-sog"] = {
"Sogeram",
86750419,
"ngf-sad",
aliases = {"Sogeram River", -- Usher
"Wanang"},
}
m["ngf-sop"] = {
"Sopac",
nil,
"ngf-ehu",
aliases = {"Momare-Migabac", -- Pawley-Hammarström,
"Masaweng River", -- Usher
},
}
m["ngf-taa"] = {
"Tainae-Akoye",
nil,
"ngf-ata",
aliases = {"Akoye-Tainae"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-tai"] = {
"Tairora",
nil,
"ngf-kai",
aliases = {"Tairoric", -- Glottolog,
"East Kainantu", -- Usher
},
}
m["ngf-tib"] = {
"Tiboran",
nil,
"ngf-nad",
aliases = {"Nuclear Tibor", -- Glottolog, excluding Wanambre/Mokati
"Tiboran River", -- Usher (2020)
"Tibor", -- Pick (2020) and Glottolog including Wanambre/Mokati
}
}
m["ngf-tna"] = {
"Tangko-Nakai",
nil,
"ngf-okk",
aliases = {"Central Ok"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-uru"] = {
"Uruwa",
nil,
"ngf-fin",
aliases = {"Uruwa River"}, -- Usher?
}
m["ngf-usi"] = {
"Utu-Silopi",
nil,
"ngf-han",
aliases = {"Silopi-Utu"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-waa"] = {
"Wantoat-Awara", -- not in Usher but Wantoat and Awara form a dialect chain
nil,
"ngf-wan",
aliases = {"Awara-Wantoat"}, -- per Wikipedia
}
m["ngf-wah"] = {
"Wahgi", -- [[w:Wahgi languages]] redirects to [[w:Chimbu–Wahgi languages]]
nil,
"ngf-chw",
aliases = {"Wahgi Valley"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-wan"] = {
"Wantoatic",
nil,
"ngf-fin",
aliases = {"Wantoat",
"Wantoat River", -- Usher?
},
}
m["ngf-war"] = {
"Warup",
12645082,
"ngf-fin",
aliases = {"Warup River"}, -- Usher?
}
m["ngf-woj"] = {
"Wojokesic",
nil,
"ngf-ang",
aliases = {"Northeast Kratke Range"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-wok"] = {
"West Ok",
nil,
"ngf-okk",
aliases = {"Kwer-Kopkaka-Burumakok"}, -- Glottolog, Pawley-Hammarström
}
m["ngf-wso"] = {
"West Sogeram",
nil,
"ngf-sog",
aliases = {"Mand-Nend", -- Usher
"Atan", -- Wurm following Z'graggen
},
}
m["ngf-yag"] = {
"Yaganon", -- placed in Rai Coast by Glottolog and Pawley-Hammarström
35323986,
"ngf-mad",
aliases = {"Yaganon River"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-yal"] = {
"Yali", -- considered a single language by Wikipedia
8047468,
"ngf-ngn",
aliases = {"Ngalik"}, -- Glottolog, Pawley-Hammarström
}
m["ngf-yar"] = {
"Yareban",
16977672,
"ngf", -- not accepted as TNG by Glottolog but accepted by all others
aliases = {"Musa River"},
}
m["ngf-ynu"] = {
"Yau-Nungon",
12953319, -- for the single Yau language in Wikipedia ([[w:Yau language (Trans–New Guinea)]])
"ngf-uru",
}
m["ngf-yup"] = {
"Yupna",
nil,
"ngf-fin",
aliases = {"Yupna River"}, -- Usher?
}
m["nic"] = {
"Niger-Congo",
33838,
aliases = {"Niger-Kordofanian"},
}
m["nic-alu"] = {
"Alumic",
4737355,
"nic-plt",
}
m["nic-bas"] = {
"Basa",
4866154,
"nic-knj",
}
m["nic-bbe"] = {
"Eastern Beboid",
nil,
"nic-beb",
}
m["nic-bco"] = {
"Benue-Congo",
33253,
"nic-vco",
}
m["nic-bcr"] = {
"Bantoid-Cross",
806983,
"nic-bco",
}
m["nic-bdn"] = {
"Northern Bantoid",
nil,
"nic-bod",
aliases = {"North Bantoid"},
}
m["nic-bds"] = {
"Southern Bantoid",
3183152,
"nic-bod",
aliases = {"Wide Bantu", "Bin"},
}
m["nic-beb"] = {
"Beboid",
813549,
"nic-bds",
}
m["nic-ben"] = {
"Bendi",
4887065,
"nic-bcr",
}
m["nic-beo"] = {
"Beromic",
4894642,
"nic-plt",
}
m["nic-bod"] = {
"Bantoid",
806992,
"nic-bcr",
}
m["nic-buk"] = {
"Buli-Koma",
nil,
"nic-ovo",
}
m["nic-bwa"] = {
"Bwa",
12628562,
"nic-gur",
other_names = {"Bwamu", "Bomu"},
}
m["nic-cde"] = {
"Central Delta",
3813191,
"nic-cri",
}
m["nic-cri"] = {
"Cross River",
1141096,
"nic-bcr",
}
m["nic-dag"] = {
"Dagbani",
nil,
"nic-wov",
}
m["nic-dak"] = {
"Dakoid",
1157745,
"nic-bdn",
}
m["nic-dge"] = {
"Escarpment Dogon",
5397128,
"qfa-dgn",
}
m["nic-dgw"] = {
"West Dogon",
nil,
"qfa-dgn",
}
m["nic-eko"] = {
"Ekoid",
1323395,
"nic-bds",
}
m["nic-eov"] = {
"Eastern Oti-Volta",
nil,
"nic-ovo",
aliases = {"Samba"},
}
m["nic-fru"] = {
"Furu",
5509783,
"nic-bds",
}
m["nic-gne"] = {
"Eastern Gurunsi",
12633072,
"nic-gns",
aliases = {"Eastern Grũsi"},
}
m["nic-gnn"] = {
"Northern Gurunsi",
nil,
"nic-gns",
aliases = {"Northern Grũsi"},
}
m["nic-gnw"] = {
"Western Gurunsi",
nil,
"nic-gns",
aliases = {"Western Grũsi"},
}
m["nic-gns"] = {
"Gurunsi",
721007,
"nic-gur",
aliases = {"Grũsi"},
}
m["nic-gre"] = {
"Eastern Grassfields",
5330160,
"nic-grf",
}
m["nic-grf"] = {
"Grassfields",
750932,
"nic-bds",
aliases = {"Grassfields Bantu", "Wide Grassfields"},
}
m["nic-grm"] = {
"Gurma",
30587833,
"nic-ovo",
}
m["nic-grs"] = {
"Southwest Grassfields",
7571285,
"nic-grf",
}
m["nic-gur"] = {
"Gur",
33536,
"alv-sav",
aliases = {"Voltaic"},
}
m["nic-ief"] = {
"Ibibio-Efik",
2743643,
"nic-lcr",
}
m["nic-jer"] = {
"Jera",
nil,
"nic-kne",
}
m["nic-jkn"] = {
"Jukunoid",
1711622,
"nic-pla",
}
m["nic-jrn"] = {
"Jarawan",
1683430,
"nic-mba",
}
m["nic-jrw"] = {
"Jarawa",
35423,
"nic-jrn",
}
m["nic-kam"] = {
"Kambari",
6356294,
"nic-knj",
}
m["nic-ktl"] = {
"Katloid",
nil,
"nic",
}
m["nic-kau"] = {
"Kauru",
nil,
"nic-kne",
}
m["nic-kmk"] = {
"Kamuku",
6359821,
"nic-knj",
}
m["nic-kne"] = {
"East Kainji",
5328687,
"nic-knj",
}
m["nic-knj"] = {
"Kainji",
681495,
"nic-pla",
}
m["nic-knn"] = {
"Northwest Kainji",
7060098,
"nic-knj",
}
m["nic-ktl"] = {
"Katloid",
6377681,
"nic",
aliases = {"Katla", "Katla-Tima"},
}
m["nic-lcr"] = {
"Lower Cross River",
3813193,
"nic-cri",
}
m["nic-mam"] = {
"Mamfe",
2005898,
"nic-bds",
aliases = {"Nyang"},
}
m["nic-mba"] = {
"Mbam",
687826,
"nic-bds",
}
m["nic-mbc"] = {
"Mba",
6799561,
"nic-ubg",
}
m["nic-mbw"] = {
"West Mbam",
nil,
"nic-mba",
}
m["nic-mmb"] = {
"Mambiloid",
1888151,
other_names = {"North Bantoid"}, -- per Wikipedia, North Bantoid is the parent family
"nic-bdn",
}
m["nic-mom"] = {
"Momo",
6897393,
"nic-grf",
}
m["nic-mre"] = {
"Moré",
nil,
"nic-wov",
}
m["nic-ngd"] = {
"Ngbandi",
36439,
"nic-ubg",
}
m["nic-nge"] = {
"Ngemba",
7022271,
"nic-gre",
}
m["nic-ngk"] = {
"Ngbaka",
3217499,
"nic-ubg",
}
m["nic-nin"] = {
"Ninzic",
7039282,
"nic-plt",
}
m["nic-nka"] = {
"Nkambe",
7042520,
"nic-gre",
}
m["nic-nkb"] = {
"Baka",
nil,
"nic-nkw",
}
m["nic-nke"] = {
"Eastern Ngbaka",
nil,
"nic-ngk",
}
m["nic-nkg"] = {
"Gbanziri",
nil,
"nic-nkw",
}
m["nic-nkk"] = {
"Kpala",
nil,
"nic-nkw",
}
m["nic-nkm"] = {
"Mbaka",
nil,
"nic-nkw",
}
m["nic-nkw"] = {
"Western Ngbaka",
nil,
"nic-ngk",
}
m["nic-npd"] = {
"North Plateau Dogon",
nil,
"qfa-dgn",
}
m["nic-nun"] = {
"Nun",
13654297,
"nic-gre",
}
m["nic-nwa"] = {
"Nanga-Walo",
nil,
"qfa-dgn",
}
m["nic-ogo"] = {
"Ogoni",
2350726,
"nic-cri",
aliases = {"Ogonoid"},
}
m["nic-ovo"] = {
"Oti-Volta",
1157178,
"nic-gur",
}
m["nic-pla"] = {
"Platoid",
453244,
"nic-bco",
aliases = {"Central Nigerian"},
}
m["nic-plc"] = {
"Central Plateau",
5061668,
"nic-plt",
}
m["nic-pld"] = {
"Plains Dogon",
nil,
"qfa-dgn",
}
m["nic-ple"] = {
"East Plateau",
5329154,
"nic-plt",
}
m["nic-pls"] = {
"South Plateau",
7568236,
"nic-plt",
aliases = {"Jilic-Eggonic"},
}
m["nic-plt"] = {
"Plateau",
1267471,
"nic-pla",
}
m["nic-ras"] = {
"Rashad",
3401986,
"nic",
}
m["nic-rnc"] = {
"Central Ring",
nil,
"nic-rng",
}
m["nic-rng"] = {
"Ring",
2269051,
"nic-grf",
aliases = {"Ring Road"},
}
m["nic-rnn"] = {
"Northern Ring",
nil,
"nic-rng",
}
m["nic-rnw"] = {
"Western Ring",
nil,
"nic-rng",
}
m["nic-ser"] = {
"Sere",
7453058,
"nic-ubg",
}
m["nic-shi"] = {
"Shiroro",
7498953,
"nic-knj",
aliases = {"Pongu"},
}
m["nic-sis"] = {
"Sisaala",
36532,
"nic-gnw",
}
m["nic-tar"] = {
"Tarokoid",
2394472,
"nic-plt",
}
m["nic-tiv"] = {
"Tivoid",
752377,
"nic-bds",
}
m["nic-tvc"] = {
"Central Tivoid",
nil,
"nic-tiv",
}
m["nic-tvn"] = {
"Northern Tivoid",
nil,
"nic-tiv",
}
m["nic-ubg"] = {
"Ubangian",
33932,
"nic-vco", -- or none
}
m["nic-uce"] = {
"East-West Upper Cross River",
nil,
"nic-ucr",
}
m["nic-ucn"] = {
"North-South Upper Cross River",
nil,
"nic-ucr",
}
m["nic-ucr"] = {
"Upper Cross River",
4108624,
"nic-cri",
aliases = {"Upper Cross"},
}
m["nic-vco"] = {
"Volta-Congo",
37228,
"alv",
}
m["nic-wov"] = {
"Western Oti-Volta",
nil,
"nic-ovo",
aliases = {"Moré-Dagbani"}
}
m["nic-ykb"] = {
"Yukubenic",
16909196,
"nic-plt",
aliases = {"Oohum"},
}
m["nic-ymb"] = {
"Yambasa",
nil,
"nic-mba",
}
m["nic-yon"] = {
"Yom-Nawdm",
nil,
"nic-ovo",
aliases = {"Moré-Dagbani"}
}
m["nub"] = {
"Nubian",
1517194,
"sdv-nes",
}
m["nub-hil"] = {
"Hill Nubian",
5762211,
"nub",
aliases = {"Kordofan Nubian"},
}
m["omq"] = {
"Oto-Manguean",
33669,
}
m["omq-cha"] = {
"Chatino",
35111,
"omq-zap",
}
m["omq-chi"] = {
"Chinantecan",
35828,
"omq",
}
m["omq-cui"] = {
"Cuicatec",
616024,
"omq-mix",
}
m["omq-maz"] = {
"Mazatecan",
36230,
"omq",
aliases = {"Mazatec"},
}
m["omq-mix"] = {
"Mixtecan",
21083066,
"omq",
}
m["omq-mxt"] = {
"Mixtec",
36363,
"omq-mix",
}
m["omq-otp"] = {
"Oto-Pamean",
nil,
"omq",
}
m["omq-pop"] = {
"Popolocan",
5132273,
"omq",
}
m["omq-tri"] = {
"Triqui",
780200,
"omq-mix",
aliases = {"Trique"},
}
m["omq-zap"] = {
"Zapotecan",
8066463,
"omq",
}
m["omq-zpc"] = {
"Zapotec",
13214,
"omq-zap",
}
m["omv"] = {
"Omotic",
33860,
"afa",
}
m["omv-aro"] = {
"Aroid",
3699526,
"omv",
aliases = {"Ari-Banna", "South Omotic", "Somotic"},
}
m["omv-diz"] = {
"Dizoid",
430251,
"omv",
aliases = {"Maji", "Majoid"},
}
m["omv-eom"] = {
"East Ometo",
20527288,
"omv-ome",
}
m["omv-gon"] = {
"Gonga",
4143043,
"omv",
aliases = {"Kefoid"},
}
m["omv-mao"] = {
"Mao",
1351495,
"omv",
}
m["omv-nom"] = {
"North Ometo",
nil,
"omv-ome",
}
m["omv-ome"] = {
"Ometo",
36310,
"omv",
}
m["oto"] = {
"Otomian",
1270220,
"omq-otp",
}
m["oto-otm"] = {
"Otomi",
nil,
"oto",
}
m["paa"] = {
"Papuan",
236425,
"qfa-not",
}
m["paa-aia"] = {
"Aian",
4767739, -- Annaberg languages
"paa-ram",
aliases = {"Middle Ramu", -- Foley (with Rao),
"Annaberg", -- with Rao
"Aram-Aren", -- Usher
},
}
m["paa-alp"] = {
"Alor-Pantar",
3502429,
"paa-tap",
}
m["paa-amu"] = {
"Amto-Musan",
480281,
aliases = {"Samaia River"},
}
m["paa-ani"] = {
"Anim",
55603991,
aliases = {"Fly River"},
}
m["paa-ara"] = {
"Arapesh",
4784223,
"paa-koa",
aliases = {"Arapeshan"}, -- Foley
}
m["paa-arf"] = {
"Arafundi",
4783702,
}
m["paa-ata"] = {
"Ataitan",
4812652,
"paa-ram",
aliases = {"Tangu", -- Foley
"Tanggu", -- alternative name given by Wikipedia
"Moam River", -- Usher
},
}
m["paa-baa"] = {
"Bayono-Awbono",
2424781,
}
m["paa-bai"] = {
"Baining",
748487,
aliases = {"East New Britain"},
}
m["paa-baw"] = {
"Bosngun-Awar",
nil,
"paa-ott",
aliases = {"East Ramu Coast", -- Usher
"Bosman-Awar", -- Wikipedia
},
}
m["paa-bew"] = {
"Bewani", -- [[w:Bewani languages]] redirects to [[w:Border languages (New Guinea)]]; but Croatian Wikipedia has an entry
16113460,
"paa-bor",
aliases = {"Poal River"}, -- Usher
}
m["paa-boa"] = {
"Boazi",
48803717,
"paa-mby",
aliases = {"Lake Murray"}, -- Usher
}
m["paa-bor"] = {
"Border",
1752158,
aliases = {"Upper Tami",
"Tami River-Bewani Range", -- Usher
},
}
m["paa-bul"] = {
"Bulaka River",
4987195,
aliases = {"Yelmek-Maklew", "Jabga"}, -- Yelmek-Maklew in Evans (2018) and Gregor (2021)
}
m["paa-bvi"] = {
"Betaf-Vitou", -- Glottolog
nil,
"paa-tor",
aliases = {"Vitou-Betaf", -- Wikipedia
"Fitou-Tena", -- Usher
"Manirem",
},
}
m["paa-clp"] = {
"Central Lakes Plain", -- [[w:Central Lakes Plain languages]] redirects to [[w:Lakes Plain languages]]
nil, -- Q86780132 is for the corresponding category, which exists in enwiki
"paa-lpl",
aliases = {"East Tariku", -- Glottolog
"Central Lakes Plains", -- Usher
},
}
m["paa-dtu"] = {
"Doso-Turumsa",
16917784,
-- possibly related to East Strickland languages
aliases = {"Soari River"}, -- Usher's name
}
m["paa-ebh"] = {
"East Bird's Head",
338064,
aliases = {"Mantion-Meax", "Mantion-Meyah", -- Mantion-Meax is Wikipedia's term
"Southeast Bird's Head", -- Usher (2020)
},
}
m["paa-eel"] = {
"Eastern Eleman",
nil,
"paa-ele",
aliases = {"East Eleman"},
}
m["paa-egb"] = {
"East Geelvink Bay",
1497678,
aliases = {"Geelvink Bay", "East Cenderawasih"}, -- Geelvink Bay per Glottolog
}
m["paa-eke"] = {
"East Keram",
nil,
"paa-ker",
}
m["paa-ele"] = {
"Eleman",
3034298,
aliases = {"Kerema Bay"},
}
m["paa-elp"] = {
"East Lakes Plain", -- [[w:East Lakes Plain languages]] redirects to [[w:Lakes Plain languages]]; but Croatian Wikipedia has an entry
12633078,
"paa-lpl",
aliases = {"East Lakes Plains"}, -- Usher
}
m["paa-epw"] = {
"Eastern Pauwasi",
16115496,
aliases = {"East Pauwasi"},
}
m["paa-etf"] = {
"Eastern Trans-Fly",
5330530,
aliases = {"Oriomo"}, -- in increasing recent use, probably originating in Evans (2018)
}
m["paa-eti"] = {
"East Timor",
15496066,
"paa-tap",
aliases = {"Oirata-Makasae", -- Wikipedia's name
"Eastern Timor", -- alternative name given by Wikipedia
"Fataluku-Makasai", "Oirata-Makasai", -- alternative names given by Wikidata
},
}
m["paa-fas"] = {
"Fas",
3502658,
aliases = {"Baibai-Fas"}, -- Glottolog's name
}
m["paa-flp"] = {
"Far West Lakes Plain", -- [[w:Wapoga River languages]] redirects to [[w:Lakes Plain languages]]
nil, -- Q86808337 is for the corresponding Wapoga languages category, which exists in enwiki
"paa-lpl",
aliases = {"Rasawa", -- Clouse (1997)
"Wapoga River", -- Usher, including Kehu/Keuw (unclassified by others)
},
}
m["paa-gkw"] = {
"Greater Kwerba",
12635134,
aliases = {"West Foja Range", -- Usher
"Kwerbic", -- Wikipedia
"Kwerba", -- Foley (2018)
},
}
m["paa-gto"] = {
"Galela-Tobelo",
nil,
"paa-nnh",
aliases = {"Mainland North Halmaheran", -- Glottolog
"Mainland North Halmahera", "Northeast Halmahera", -- alternative names
"Northeast Halmaheran", -- Wikipedia, from Verhoeve 1988
},
}
m["paa-hya"] = {
"Heyo-Yahang",
nil,
"paa-mam",
aliases = {"Yahang-Heyo"}, -- Wikipedia's name
}
m["paa-ing"] = {
"Inland Gulf",
6034783,
"paa-ani",
aliases = {"Inland Gulf of Papua"}, -- Glottolog
}
m["paa-isk"] = {
"Inner Sko",
65043889,
"paa-sko",
aliases = {"Skouic", -- Glottolog
"West Vanimo Coast", -- Usher
"Western Skou", -- Wikipedia
"Inner Skou", "Nuclear Skou", -- alternative names given by Wikipedia
},
}
m["paa-iwa"] = {
"Iwam",
15147853,
"paa-sep",
}
m["paa-kae"] = {
"Kamula-Elevala",
130390498,
-- often placed in TNG
aliases = {"Kamula-Elevala River"},
}
m["paa-kan"] = {
"Kanum", -- removed from Tonda by Glottolog
nil,
"paa-ton",
}
m["paa-kay"] = {
"Kayagaric",
7566330,
aliases = {"Kayagar", -- formerly common
"Cook River"}, -- per Usher (2020)
}
m["paa-ker"] = {
"Keram",
48768173,
-- often grouped within or coordinate with the Ramu languages
aliases = {"Keram River"},
}
m["paa-kiw"] = {
"Kiwaian",
338449,
aliases = {"Kiwai"}, -- formerly common, still sees some use
}
m["paa-kko"] = {
"Kaure-Kosare", -- rejected by Pawley-Hammarström but accepted by Glottolog, Foley (2018) and Usher (2020)
48767891,
aliases = {"Nawa River"}, -- Usher's term
}
m["paa-koa"] = {
"Kombio-Arapesh",
16115049,
"paa-trr",
aliases = {"Kombio-Arapeshan", -- Laycock, who includes Wom
"Kombio-Arapesh-Urat", -- Glottolog, including Urat
},
}
m["paa-kol"] = {
"Kolopom",
6427807,
}
m["paa-kom"] = {
"Kombio",
65044238,
"paa-koa",
aliases = {"Kombian", -- Laycock
"Kombio-Yambes", -- Glottolog
},
}
m["paa-kun"] = {
"Kunimaipan",
134973258,
aliases = {"Northwest Wharton Range"}, -- per Usher (2020)
-- often considered a subfamily of Goilalan
}
m["paa-kwa"] = {
"Kwalean",
6450053,
aliases = {"Humene-Uare"},
}
m["paa-kwe"] = {
"Kwerba proper",
12635134,
"paa-gkw",
aliases = {"Kwerba", -- Usher
"Kwerbaic", -- Glottolog
},
}
m["paa-kwo"] = {
"Kwomtari",
2075415,
aliases = {"Kwomtari-Nai"}, -- Senu River is a larger unproven proposal
}
m["paa-lla"] = {
"Loloda-Laba", -- a single language in Glottolog (Loloda-Laba) and Wikipedia (Loloda)
11732388, -- for the Loloda language
"paa-gto",
aliases = {"Loloda"}, -- Wikipedia's name
}
m["paa-lma"] = {
"Left May",
614468,
aliases = {"Arai River"}, -- per Usher (2020)
-- Sometimes in a putative Arai-Samaia family along with Amto-Musan and the Pyu language
}
m["paa-lmu"] = {
"Lepki-Murkim", -- Kembra accepted by Glottolog and Usher; not by Foley (2020) but does not exclude the possibility
-- of a relationship
85776285,
-- independent family per Glottolog, part of South Pauwasi River family (under Pauwasi) per Usher (2020)
aliases = {"Lepki-Murkim-Kembra"}, -- Glottolog
}
m["paa-lpl"] = {
"Lakes Plain",
6478969,
aliases = {"Lakes Plains"},
}
m["paa-lra"] = {
"Lower Ramu",
65089469,
"paa-ram",
aliases = {"Ottilien-Misegian"}, -- alternative name given by Wikipedia
}
m["paa-lse"] = {
"Lower Sepik",
7061700,
aliases = {"Nor-Pondo"},
}
m["paa-mai"] = {
"Mairasi",
6736896,
aliases = {"Mairasic"}, -- per Glottolog
}
m["paa-mal"] = {
"Mailuan",
6735839,
aliases = {"Cloudy Bay"},
}
m["paa-mam"] = {
"Maimai", -- Foley's Maimai is expanded
53679325, -- this is the code for the expanded Maimai with 6 languages, as opposed to the 3 in "Nuclear Maimai"
"paa-trr",
aliases = {"Nuclear Maimai", -- Glottolog's name
"Maimai proper", -- Wikipedia's name
},
}
m["paa-man"] = {
"Manubaran",
6752335,
aliases = {"Mount Brown"},
}
m["paa-mar"] = {
"Marienberg",
1570589,
"paa-trr",
aliases = {"Marienberg Hills"}, -- Usher
}
m["paa-may"] = {
"Maybratic",
4830892, -- the code for the Maybrat language in Wikipedia, which subsumes the two languages of this family
-- putatively included in West Papuan but generally considered an isolated family
aliases = {"Maybrat-Karon"},
}
m["paa-mbi"] = {
"Mbaham-Iha",
85784512,
"qfa-dis", -- Papuan languages; Glottolog groups Karas (Kalamang) with Mbaham-Iha into a (mainland) West Bomberai
-- family and stops there; Wikipedia, following Usher and Schapper (2022), groups Karas, Mbaham-Iha
-- and the large Timor-Alor-Pantar family into a (Greater) West Bomberai family, saying that Karas is no
-- closer to Mbaham-Iha than to Timor-Alor-Pantar.
aliases = {"Mbahaam-Iha", -- used by Wikidata
"Nuclear West Bomberai", -- Glottolog's name
},
}
m["paa-mby"] = {
"Marind-Boazi-Yaqay",
3217484,
"paa-ani",
aliases = {"Marind-Boazi-Yaqai", -- Glottolog
"Marind-Yakhai", -- Usher, without Boazi
"Marind-Yaqai", -- Wikidata
"Marind", -- alternative name given by Wikipedia
"Marind-Arandai", -- alternative name given by Spanish Wikipedia
},
}
m["paa-mmu"] = {
"Mandi-Muniwara",
nil,
"paa-mar",
aliases = {"West Marienberg Hills"}, -- Usher
}
m["paa-mon"] = {
"Monumbo", -- per Glottolog: "No evidence for the Bogia (Monumbo) languages being related to other Torricelli languages was ever presented"
16928417,
aliases = {"Bogia", -- Glottolog
"Bogia Bay", -- Usher (2020)
},
}
m["paa-mri"] = {
"Marindic", -- [[w:Marindic languages]] redirects to [[w:Marind–Yaqai languages]]
nil,
"paa-mby",
aliases = {"Marind"}, -- Usher; a single language
}
m["paa-nam"] = {
"Nambu",
6961418,
"paa-yam",
aliases = {"East Morehead River"}, -- Usher
}
m["paa-nbo"] = {
"North Bougainville",
749496,
}
m["paa-ndu"] = {
"Ndu",
3217498,
"paa-sep", -- Not accepted by Glottolog
aliases = {"Ndu-Nggala"}, -- Usher
}
m["paa-ngk"] = {
"Ngkolmpu", -- considered a single language by Wikipedia
5908646,
"paa-kan",
aliases = {"Ngkantr", -- Glottolog
"Ngkolmpu Kanum", -- Wikipedia
"Ngkontar", -- alternative name given by Wikipedia
"Kanum", -- used by Wikidata
},
}
m["paa-nha"] = {
"North Halmahera",
3217358,
-- possibly in a proposed West Papuan family or an independent family
}
m["paa-nim"] = {
"Nimboran",
12638426,
aliases = {"Nimboranic", -- per Glottolog
"Grime River", -- per Usher (2020)
}
}
m["paa-nnd"] = {
"Nuclear Ndu",
nil,
"paa-ndu",
aliases = {"Ndu", -- Usher, with Boiken/Boikin
"Ndu proper", -- Wikipedia
},
}
m["paa-nnh"] = {
"Northern North Halmahera",
nil,
"paa-nha",
aliases = {"Northern North Halmaheran", -- Glottolog
"Halmahera", -- Usher
"Core Halmaheran", -- Wikipedia
},
}
m["paa-nto"] = {
"Namla-Tofanma",
16918187,
-- independent family per Glottolog and Foley (2018), part of West Pauwasi family (under Pauwasi) per Usher (2020)
}
m["paa-ott"] = {
"Ottilien",
7109477,
"paa-lra",
aliases = {"Ramu Coast", -- Usher
"Watam-Awar-Gamay", -- alternative name given by Wikipedia
},
}
m["paa-pah"] = {
"Pahoturi River",
17049141,
aliases = {"Pahoturi"}, -- per Glottolog
}
m["paa-pal"] = {
"Palei", -- Laycock adds Agi and Nabi/Nambi(-Metan)
65089113,
"paa-wpa",
aliases = {"Nuclear Palai"},
}
m["paa-pia"] = {
"Piawi", -- per Wikipedia, grouped with Arafundi languages to form Upper Yuat, which is a sister to Madang
7190400,
aliases = {"Schraeder Range", -- Usher?
"Waibuk"},
}
m["paa-pio"] = {
"Piore River",
65043152,
"paa-sko",
aliases = {"Barupu Lagoon", -- Glottolog
"Lagoon", -- alternative name given by Wikipedia
},
}
m["paa-por"] = {
"Porapora", -- Foley includes Ambakich (which we, Glottolog, and Usher treat as Keram)
65044258,
"paa-ram",
aliases = {"Agoan", -- Glottolog
"Porapora River", -- Usher
"core Grass", -- alternative name given by Wikipedia
},
}
m["paa-ram"] = {
"Ramu",
3442808,
aliases = {"Ramu River"}, -- per Usher (2020)
}
m["paa-rsa"] = {
"Rasawa-Saponi", -- [[w:Rasawa-Saponi languages]] redirects to [[w:Lakes Plain languages]]
nil, -- Q9859418 is for the coresponding category, which exists in the Piedmontese Wikipedia (?!)
"paa-flp",
aliases = {"Rombak River"}, -- Usher
}
m["paa-rub"] = {
"Ruboni",
6875319,
"paa-lra",
aliases = {"Misegian", -- Wikipedia's name
"Mikarew", -- alternative name given by Wikipedia
"Ruboni Range"}, -- Usher
}
m["paa-saa"] = {
"Samarokena-Airoran",
96417699,
"paa-gkw",
aliases = {"Apauwar Coast"}, -- Usher
}
m["paa-sah"] = {
"Sahu",
nil,
"paa-nnh",
}
m["paa-sbo"] = {
"South Bougainville",
3217380,
}
m["paa-sen"] = {
"Sentani",
17044584,
-- no consensus on higher affiliations, if any
aliases = {"Sentanic", "Demta-Sentani", "Demta-Lake Sentani"}, -- Sentanic per Glottolog, Demta-Sentani per Wikipedia
}
m["paa-sep"] = {
"Sepik",
3508772,
}
m["paa-shi"] = {
"Serra Hills",
65043154,
"paa-sko",
}
m["paa-sko"] = {
"Sko",
953509,
aliases = {"Skou"},
}
m["paa-sng"] = {
"Senagi",
2066550,
}
m["paa-taa"] = {
"Taikat-Awyi", -- [[w:Taikat languages]] redirects to [[w:Border languages (New Guinea)]]; but Croatian Wikipedia has an entry
12643265,
"paa-bor",
aliases = {"Taikat", -- Foley
"Upper Tami River", -- Usher
},
}
m["paa-tam"] = {
"Tamolan",
7681634,
"paa-ram",
aliases = {"Guam River"}, -- Usher
}
m["paa-tap"] = {
"Timor-Alor-Pantar",
16590002,
}
m["paa-teb"] = {
"Teberan",
7692052,
-- Often grouped with Trans-New Guinea, but per Pawley-Hammarström (2018), it has "weaker or disputed claims to membership in TNG".
aliases = {"Dadibi-Folopa"},
}
m["paa-tir"] = {
"Tirio",
7809225,
"paa-ani",
aliases = {"Nuclear Lower Fly", -- Pawley-Hammarström ("Lower Fly" includes Abom)
"Nuclear Tirio", -- Glottolog ("Tirio" includes Abom)
"Lower Fly River", -- Usher (without Abom)
},
}
m["paa-tki"] = {
"Turama-Kikori",
7853680,
aliases = {"Turama-Kikorian", "Rumu-Omati River"},
}
m["paa-ton"] = {
"Tonda",
8581005,
"paa-yam",
aliases = {"West Morehead River"}, -- Usher
}
m["paa-too"] = {
"Tor-Orya",
16590099,
aliases = {"Orya-Tor"},
}
m["paa-tor"] = {
"Tor", -- [[w:Tor languages]] redirects to [[w:Orya–Tor languages]]
nil,
"paa-too",
}
m["paa-trr"] = {
"Torricelli",
1333831,
}
m["paa-tti"] = {
"Ternate-Tidore",
nil,
"paa-nnh",
}
m["paa-wal"] = {
"Walio",
16919872,
-- Often placed in Sepik (e.g. by Laycock and Z'graggen (1975)), but not by Foley (2018), and not accepted by Glottolog.
aliases = {"Walioic", -- Glottolog
"Central Leonhard Schultze River",
},
}
m["paa-wap"] = {
"Wapei", -- Glottolog includes Nabi/Nambi(-Metan) in Wapeic
65089115,
"paa-wpa",
aliases = {"Wapeic"}, -- Glottolog
}
m["paa-war"] = {
"Waris", -- [[w:Waris languages]] redirects to [[w:Border languages (New Guinea)]]; but Croatian Wikipedia has an entry
12645076,
"paa-bor",
aliases = {"Warisic", -- Glottolog
"Bapi River", -- Usher (without Manem or Senggi)
},
}
m["paa-wbh"] = {
"West Bird's Head",
5330530,
-- Kuwani is sometimes included; probably related to North Halmahera languages.
}
m["paa-wel"] = {
"Western Eleman",
nil,
"paa-ele",
aliases = {"West Eleman"},
}
m["paa-wig"] = {
"West Inland Gulf",
nil,
"paa-ing",
aliases = {"West Inland Gulf of Papua"}, -- Glottolog
}
m["paa-wke"] = {
"West Keram",
nil,
"paa-ker",
aliases = {"Koam", "Mongol-Langam", "Ulmapo"}, -- Koam used by Foley, Ulmapo used by Glottolog
}
m["paa-wko"] = {
"Wára-Kómnzo", -- since we split out Kómnzo as a separate language
11732474, -- for the Wara language
"paa-ton",
aliases = {"Anta-Komnzo-Wára-Wérè-Kémä", -- Glottolog's name
"Wára", "Wara", -- Wikipedia
},
}
m["paa-wlp"] = {
"West Lakes Plain", -- [[w:Tariku languages]] redirects to [[w:Lakes Plain languages]]
47007503, -- actually for "Tariku languages", which per Wikipedia covers Fayu, Kirikiri, Iau and Tause
"paa-lpl",
aliases = {"West Tariku", -- Glottolog
"West Lakes Plains"}, -- Usher, with Edopi/Iau
}
m["paa-wpa"] = {
"Wapei-Palei",
65043156,
"paa-trr",
}
m["paa-wpw"] = { -- paa-wpa already used by Wapei-Palei
"Western Pauwasi", -- 2 langs per Glottolog and Pawley-Hammarström; Usher also includes Namla-Tofanma and Usku
85815062,
aliases = {"West Pauwasi", -- Wikipedia, Usher
"Tebi-Towe", "Dubu-Towei"},
}
m["paa-yam"] = {
"Yam",
15062272,
aliases = {"Morehead and Upper Maro River",
"Morehead River", -- Usher
},
}
m["paa-yaq"] = {
"Yaqayic", -- [[w:Yaqai languages]] redirects to [[w:Marind–Yaqai languages]]
nil,
"paa-mby",
aliases = {"Yakhai-Warkay"}, -- Usher
}
m["paa-ysa"] = {
"Yawa-Saweru",
3217545,
aliases = {"Yawa", "Yawan", "Yapen"},
}
m["paa-yua"] = {
"Yuat",
8060096,
}
m["phi"] = {
"Pilipino", --TLCHANGE "Philippine"
947858,
"poz",
english_name = "Philippine" --TLCHANGE
}
m["phi-kal"] = {
"Kalamian",
3217466,
"phi",
aliases = {"Calamian"},
}
m["poz"] = {
"Malayo-Polinesya", --TLCHANGE
143158,
"map",
english_name = "Malayo-Polynesian", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Malayo-polinesia" --TLCHANGE
}
m["poz-aay"] = {
"Admiralty Islands",
2701306,
"poz-oce",
}
m["poz-bnn"] = {
"North Bornean",
1427907,
"poz",
}
m["poz-bre"] = {
"East Barito",
2701314,
"poz",
}
m["poz-brw"] = {
"West Barito",
2761679,
"poz",
}
m["poz-bss"] = {
"Bali-Sasak-Sumbawa",
3396043,
"poz-msa",
}
m["poz-btk"] = {
"Bungku-Tolaki",
3217381,
"poz-clb",
}
m["poz-cet"] = {
"Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian",
2269883,
"poz",
}
m["poz-clb"] = {
"Celebic",
1078041,
"poz",
}
m["poz-cln"] = {
"New Caledonian",
3091221,
"poz-ocs",
}
m["poz-cma"] = {
"Central Maluku",
3217479,
"poz-cet",
}
m["poz-hce"] = {
"Halmahera-Cenderawasih",
2526616,
"pqe",
}
m["poz-kal"] = {
"Kaili-Pamona",
3217465,
"poz-clb",
}
m["poz-lgx"] = {
"Lampungic",
49215,
"poz",
}
m["poz-mcm"] = {
"Malayo-Chamic",
nil,
"poz-msa",
}
m["poz-mic"] = {
"Micronesian",
420591,
"poz-occ",
}
m["poz-mly"] = {
"Malayic",
662628,
"poz-mcm",
}
m["poz-msa"] = {
"Malayo-Sumbawan",
1363818,
"poz",
}
m["poz-mun"] = {
"Muna-Buton",
3037924,
"poz-clb",
}
m["poz-nws"] = {
"Northwest Sumatran",
2071308,
"poz",
}
m["poz-occ"] = {
"Central-Eastern Oceanic",
2068435,
"poz-oce",
}
m["poz-oce"] = {
"Oceanic",
324457,
"pqe",
}
m["poz-ocs"] = {
"Southern Oceanic",
3039118,
"poz-occ",
}
m["poz-ocw"] = {
"Western Oceanic",
2701282,
"poz-oce",
}
m["poz-pcc"] = {
"Central Pacific",
3130237,
"poz-occ",
}
m["poz-pep"] = {
"Eastern Polynesian",
390979,
"poz-pnp",
}
m["poz-pnp"] = {
"Nuclear Polynesian",
743851,
"poz-pol",
}
m["poz-pol"] = {
"Polynesian",
390979,
"poz-pcc",
}
m["poz-san"] = {
"Sabahan",
3217517,
"poz-bnn",
}
m["poz-sbj"] = {
"Sama-Bajaw",
2160409,
"poz",
}
m["poz-slb"] = {
"Saluan-Banggai",
3217519,
"poz-clb",
}
m["poz-sls"] = {
"Southeast Solomonic",
3119671,
"poz-occ",
}
m["poz-ssw"] = {
"South Sulawesi",
2778190,
"poz",
}
m["poz-stm"] = {
"St. Matthias",
6484143,
"poz-oce",
aliases = {"St Matthias"},
}
m["poz-swa"] = {
"North Sarawakan",
538569,
"poz-bnn",
}
m["poz-tem"] = {
"Temotu",
3075769,
"poz-oce",
}
m["poz-tim"] = {
"Timoric",
7806987,
"poz-cet",
}
m["poz-ton"] = {
"Tongic",
3397263,
"poz-pol",
}
m["poz-tot"] = {
"Tomini-Tolitoli",
3217541,
"poz-clb",
}
m["poz-vnc"] = {
"Central Vanuatu",
5061988,
"poz-ocs",
}
m["poz-vnn"] = {
"North Vanuatu",
85789650,
"poz-ocs",
}
m["poz-vns"] = {
"South Vanuatu",
3070173,
"poz-ocs",
}
m["poz-wot"] = {
"Wotu-Wolio",
1041317,
"poz-clb",
aliases = {"Island Kaili-Wolio"}, -- Glottolog
}
m["pqe"] = {
"Eastern Malayo-Polynesian",
2269883,
"poz-cet",
}
m["qfa-adc"] = {
"Central Great Andamanese",
nil,
"qfa-adm",
}
m["qfa-adm"] = {
"Great Andamanese",
3515103,
}
m["qfa-adn"] = {
"Northern Great Andamanese",
nil,
"qfa-adm",
}
m["qfa-ads"] = {
"Southern Great Andamanese",
nil,
"qfa-adm",
}
m["qfa-ain"] = {
"Ainuic",
50111972,
aliases = {"Ainu"},
}
m["qfa-bej"] = {
"Be-Jizhao",
nil,
"qfa-bet",
}
m["qfa-bet"] = {
"Be-Tai",
12627719,
"qfa-tak",
aliases = {"Tai-Be", "Daic-Beic", "Beic-Daic"},
}
m["qfa-buy"] = {
"Buyang",
1109927,
"qfa-kra",
}
m["qfa-cka"] = {
"Chukotko-Kamchatkan",
33255,
}
m["qfa-cre"] = {
"creole",
33289,
"crp",
}
m["qfa-ckn"] = {
"Chukotkan",
2606732,
"qfa-cka",
}
m["qfa-cnt"] = {
"contact",
133253514,
"qfa-not",
}
m["qfa-dis"] = {
-- Languages that are not unclassifiable (qfa-unc) but where there is no consensus on classification. Usually
-- this is because the languages are divergent and it's disputed whether they are isolates or distantly related
-- to other languages.
"disputed affiliation",
nil,
"qfa-not",
}
m["qfa-dgn"] = {
"Dogon",
1234776,
"nic",
}
m["qfa-dny"] = {
"Dene-Yeniseian",
21103,
aliases = {"Dené-Yeniseian"},
}
m["qfa-hur"] = {
"Hurro-Urartian",
1144159,
}
m["qfa-iso"] = {
"isolate",
33648,
"qfa-not",
}
m["qfa-kad"] = {
"Kadu", -- considered either Nilo-Saharan or independent/none
1720989,
}
m["qfa-kms"] = {
"Kam-Sui",
1023641,
"qfa-tak",
}
m["qfa-kor"] = {
"Koreanic",
11263525,
}
m["qfa-kra"] = {
"Kra",
1022087,
"qfa-tak",
}
m["qfa-lic"] = {
"Hlai",
1023648,
"qfa-tak",
aliases = {"Hlaic"},
}
m["qfa-mch"] = { -- used in both N and S America
"Macro-Chibchan",
3438062,
}
m["qfa-mix"] = {
"mixed",
33694,
"qfa-cnt",
}
m["qfa-not"] = {
"not a family",
nil,
"qfa-not",
}
m["qfa-onb"] = {
"Be",
nil,
"qfa-bej",
aliases = {"Ong-Be", "Beic"},
}
m["qfa-ong"] = {
"Ongan",
2090575,
aliases = {"Angan", "South Andamanese", "Jarawa-Onge"},
}
m["qfa-pid"] = {
"pidgin",
33831,
"crp",
}
m["qfa-sub"] = {
"substrate",
20730913,
"qfa-not",
}
m["qfa-tak"] = {
"Kra-Dai",
34171,
aliases = {"Tai-Kadai", "Kadai"},
}
m["qfa-tyn"] = {
"Tyrsenian",
1344038,
}
m["qfa-unc"] = {
-- This corresponds to languages normally called "unclassified", i.e. there is insufficient data or research to
-- classify them, whereas our [[:Category:Unclassified languages]] is just languages that no Wiktionary editor
-- has classified yet (the family code in the language data is missing).
"unclassifiable",
33956,
"qfa-not",
}
m["qfa-xgs"] = {
"Serbi-Mongolic",
108887939,
}
m["qfa-xgx"] = {
"Para-Mongolic",
107619002,
"qfa-xgs",
}
m["qfa-yen"] = {
"Yeniseian",
27639,
"qfa-dny",
aliases = {"Yeniseic", "Yenisei-Ostyak"},
}
m["qfa-yke"] = {
"Ketic",
nil,
"qfa-yen",
}
m["qfa-yko"] = {
"Kottic",
nil,
"qfa-yen",
}
m["qfa-yrn"] = {
"Arinic",
nil,
"qfa-yen",
}
m["qfa-ypm"] = {
"Pumpokolic",
nil,
"qfa-yen",
}
m["qfa-yuk"] = {
"Yukaghir",
34164,
aliases = {"Yukagir", "Jukagir"},
}
m["qwe"] = {
"Quechuan",
5218,
}
m["raj"] = {
"Rajasthani",
13196,
"inc-wes",
protoLanguage = "inc-ogu",
}
m["roa"] = {
"Romanse", --TLCHANGE
19814,
"itc",
aliases = {"Romanic", "Latin", "Neolatin", "Neo-Latin"},
protoLanguage = "la",
english_name = "Romance", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Romance", --TLCHANGE
}
m["roa-asl"] = {
"Asturleonese",
35390,
"roa-ibe",
protoLanguage = "roa-ole",
}
m["roa-cas"] = {
"Kastila", --TLCHANGE "Kastila" for castillian, "Espanyol" for spanish
71924,
"roa-ibe",
aliases = {"Castillian", "Castilic", "Castillic"},
protoLanguage = "osp",
english_name = "Castilian", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Castellano", --TLCHANGE
}
m["roa-dal"] = {
"Dalmatian Romance",
97646077,
"roa-itd",
}
m["roa-eas"] = {
"Eastern Romance",
147576,
"roa",
}
m["roa-emr"] = {
"Emilian-Romagnol",
242648,
"roa-git",
}
m["roa-gap"] = {
"Galician-Portuguese",
9080204,
"roa-ibe",
aliases = {"Galician Romance", "Galaic-Portuguese"},
protoLanguage = "roa-opt",
}
m["roa-gar"] = {
"Gallo-Romance",
500394,
"roa-wes",
}
m["roa-itd"] = {
"Italo-Dalmatian",
3313381,
"roa-iwr",
aliases = {"Central Romance"}
}
m["roa-itr"] = {
"Italo-Romance",
3356483,
"roa-itd",
}
m["roa-iwr"] = {
"Romanse Italo-Kanluranin", --TLCHANGE
112608,
"roa",
aliases = {"Italo-Western"},
english_name = "Italo-Western Romance", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Romance italo-occidental", --TLCHANGE
}
m["roa-git"] = {
"Gallo-Italic",
516074,
"roa-gar",
aliases = {"Gallo-Italian", "Gallo-Cisalpine", "Cisalpine"},
}
m["roa-grh"] = {
"Gallo-Rhaetian",
97646466,
"roa-gar",
}
m["roa-ibe"] = {
"Iberoromanse", --TLCHANGE
749533,
"roa-wes",
aliases = {"Iberian Romance", "West Ibero-Romance", "Western Ibero-Romance", "West Iberian Romance", "Western Iberian Romance"},
english_name = "Ibero-Romance", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Iberorromance", --TLCHANGE
}
m["roa-nar"] = {
"Navarro-Aragonese",
133252927,
"roa-ibe",
protoLanguage = "roa-ona",
}
m["roa-oil"] = {
"Oïl",
37351,
"roa-grh",
aliases = {"langues d'oïl", "langue d'oïl", "Cisalpine"},
protoLanguage = "fro",
}
m["roa-ocr"] = {
"Occitano-Romance",
599958,
"roa-gar",
aliases = {"Gallo-Narbonnese", "East Iberian", "Eastern Iberian"},
}
m["roa-rhe"] = {
"Rhaeto-Romance",
515593,
"roa-grh",
aliases = {"langues d'oïl", "langue d'oïl", "Cisalpine"},
}
m["roa-sou"] = {
"Southern Romance",
145345,
"roa",
}
m["roa-wes"] = {
"Kanluraning Romanse", --TLCHANGE
2714388,
"roa-iwr",
english_name = "Western Romance", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Romance occidental", --TLCHANGE
}
--[=[
Exceptional language and family codes for South American Indian languages
can use the prefix "sai-", though "sai" is no longer itself a family code.
]=]--
m["sai-ara"] = {
"Araucanian",
626630,
}
m["sai-aym"] = {
"Aymaran",
33010,
}
m["sai-bar"] = {
"Barbacoan",
807304,
aliases = {"Barbakoan"},
}
m["sai-bor"] = {
"Boran",
5371776,
}
m["sai-cah"] = {
"Cahuapanan",
1025793,
}
m["sai-car"] = {
"Cariban",
33090,
aliases = {"Carib"},
}
m["sai-cer"] = {
"Cerrado",
98078151,
"sai-jee",
aliases = {"Amazonian Jê"},
}
m["sai-chc"] = {
"Chocoan",
1075616,
aliases = {"Choco", "Chocó"},
}
m["sai-cho"] = {
"Chonan",
33019,
aliases = {"Chon"},
}
m["sai-cje"] = {
"Central Jê",
18010843,
"sai-cer",
aliases = {"Akuwẽ"},
}
m["sai-cpc"] = {
"Chapacuran",
1062626,
}
m["sai-crn"] = {
"Charruan",
3112423,
aliases = {"Charrúan"},
}
m["sai-ctc"] = {
"Catacaoan",
5051139,
}
m["sai-guc"] = {
"Guaicuruan",
1974973,
"sai-mgc",
aliases = {"Guaicurú", "Guaycuruana", "Guaikurú", "Guaycuruano", "Guaykuruan", "Waikurúan"},
}
m["sai-guh"] = {
"Guahiban",
944056,
aliases = {"Guahiboan", "Guajiboan", "Wahivoan"},
}
m["sai-gui"] = {
"Guianan",
nil,
"sai-car",
aliases = {"Guianan Carib", "Guiana Carib"},
}
m["sai-har"] = {
"Harákmbut",
1584402,
"sai-hkt",
aliases = {"Harákmbet"},
}
m["sai-hkt"] = {
"Harákmbut-Katukinan",
17107635,
}
m["sai-hrp"] = {
"Huarpean",
1578336,
aliases = {"Warpean", "Huarpe", "Warpe"},
}
m["sai-jee"] = {
"Jê",
1483594,
"sai-mje",
aliases = {"Gê", "Jean", "Gean", "Jê-Kaingang", "Ye"},
}
m["sai-jir"] = {
"Jirajaran",
3028651,
aliases = {"Hiraháran"},
}
m["sai-jiv"] = {
"Jivaroan",
1393074,
aliases = {"Hívaro", "Jibaro", "Jibaroan", "Jibaroana", "Jívaro"},
}
m["sai-ktk"] = {
"Katukinan",
2636000,
"sai-hkt",
aliases = {"Catuquinan"},
}
m["sai-kui"] = {
"Kuikuroan",
nil,
"sai-car",
aliases = {"Kuikuro", "Nahukwa"},
}
m["sai-map"] = {
"Mapoyan",
61096301,
"sai-ven",
aliases = {"Mapoyo", "Mapoyo-Yabarana", "Mapoyo-Yavarana", "Mapoyo-Yawarana"},
}
m["sai-mas"] = {
"Mascoian",
1906952,
aliases = {"Mascoyan", "Maskoian", "Enlhet-Enenlhet"},
}
m["sai-mgc"] = {
"Mataco-Guaicuru",
255512,
}
m["sai-mje"] = {
"Macro-Jê",
887133,
aliases = {"Macro-Gê"},
}
m["sai-mtc"] = {
"Matacoan",
2447424,
"sai-mgc",
}
m["sai-mur"] = {
"Muran",
33826,
aliases = {"Mura"},
}
m["sai-nad"] = {
"Nadahup",
1856439,
aliases = {"Makú", "Macú", "Vaupés-Japurá"},
}
m["sai-nje"] = {
"Northern Jê",
98078225,
"sai-cer",
aliases = {"Core Jê"},
}
m["sai-nmk"] = {
"Nambikwaran",
15548027,
aliases = {"Nambicuaran", "Nambiquaran", "Nambikuaran"},
}
m["sai-otm"] = {
"Otomacoan",
3217503,
aliases = {"Otomákoan", "Otomakoan"},
}
m["sai-pan"] = {
"Panoan",
1544537,
"sai-pat",
aliases = {"Pano"},
}
m["sai-pat"] = {
"Pano-Tacanan",
2475746,
aliases = {"Pano-Tacana", "Pano-Takana", "Páno-Takána", "Pano-Takánan"},
}
m["sai-pek"] = {
"Pekodian",
107451736,
"sai-car",
aliases = {"South Amazonian Carib", "Southern Cariban", "Pekodi"},
}
m["sai-pem"] = {
"Pemongan",
nil,
"sai-ven",
aliases = {"Pemong", "Pemóng", "Purukoto"},
}
m["sai-pey"] = {
"Peba-Yaguan",
174015,
aliases = {"Peba-Yagua", "Yaguan", "Peban", "Yáwan"},
}
m["sai-prk"] = {
"Parukotoan",
107451482,
"sai-car",
aliases = {"Parukoto"},
}
m["sai-sje"] = {
"Southern Jê",
98078245,
"sai-jee",
}
m["sai-tac"] = {
"Tacanan",
3113762,
"sai-pat",
}
m["sai-tar"] = {
"Taranoan",
105097814,
"sai-gui",
aliases = {"Trio", "Tarano"},
}
m["sai-tuc"] = {
"Tucanoan",
788144,
}
m["sai-tyu"] = {
"Ticuna-Yuri",
4467010,
}
m["sai-ucp"] = {
"Uru-Chipaya",
2475488,
aliases = {"Uru-Chipayan"},
}
m["sai-ven"] = {
"Venezuelan Cariban",
nil,
"sai-car",
aliases = {"Venezuelan Carib", "Venezuelan", "Venezuelano"},
}
m["sai-wic"] = {
"Wichí",
3027047,
}
m["sai-wit"] = {
"Witotoan",
43079317,
aliases = {"Huitotoan", "Uitotoan"},
}
m["sai-ynm"] = {
"Yanomami",
nil,
aliases = {"Yanomam", "Shamatari", "Yamomami", "Yanomaman"},
}
m["sai-yuk"] = {
"Yukpan",
nil,
"sai-car",
aliases = {"Yukpa", "Yukpano", "Yukpa-Japreria"},
}
m["sai-zam"] = {
"Zamucoan",
3048461,
aliases = {"Samúkoan"},
}
m["sai-zap"] = {
"Zaparoan",
33911,
aliases = {"Záparoan", "Saparoan", "Sáparoan", "Záparo", "Zaparoano", "Zaparoana"},
}
m["sal"] = {
"Salish",
33985,
}
m["sdv"] = {
"Eastern Sudanic",
2036148,
"ssa",
}
m["sdv-bri"] = {
"Bari",
nil,
"sdv-nie",
}
m["sdv-daj"] = {
"Daju",
956724,
"sdv",
}
m["sdv-dnu"] = {
"Dinka-Nuer",
nil,
"sdv-niw",
}
m["sdv-eje"] = {
"Eastern Jebel",
3408878,
"sdv",
}
m["sdv-kln"] = {
"Kalenjin",
637228,
"sdv-nis",
}
m["sdv-lma"] = {
"Lotuko-Maa",
nil,
"sdv-nie",
}
m["sdv-lon"] = {
"Northern Luo",
nil,
"sdv-luo",
}
m["sdv-los"] = {
"Southern Luo",
7570103,
"sdv-luo",
}
m["sdv-luo"] = {
"Luo",
nil,
"sdv-niw",
}
m["sdv-nes"] = {
"Northern Eastern Sudanic",
4810496,
"sdv",
aliases = {"Astaboran", "Ek Sudanic"},
}
m["sdv-nie"] = {
"Eastern Nilotic",
153795,
"sdv-nil",
}
m["sdv-nil"] = {
"Nilotic",
513408,
"sdv",
}
m["sdv-nis"] = {
"Southern Nilotic",
1552410,
"sdv-nil",
}
m["sdv-niw"] = {
"Western Nilotic",
3114989,
"sdv-nil",
}
m["sdv-nma"] = {
"Nandi-Markweta",
nil,
"sdv-kln",
}
m["sdv-nyi"] = {
"Nyima",
11688746,
"sdv-nes",
aliases = {"Nyimang"},
}
m["sdv-tmn"] = {
"Taman",
3408873,
"sdv-nes",
aliases = {"Tamaic"},
}
m["sdv-ttu"] = {
"Teso-Turkana",
7705551,
"sdv-nie",
aliases = {"Ateker"},
}
m["sel"] = {
"Selkup",
34008,
"syd",
}
m["sem"] = {
"Semitic",
34049,
"afa",
}
m["sem-ara"] = {
"Aramaic",
28602,
"sem-nwe",
protoLanguage = "arc",
}
m["sem-arb"] = {
"Arabic",
164667,
"sem-cen",
protoLanguage = "ar",
}
m["sem-are"] = {
"Eastern Aramaic",
3410322,
"sem-ara",
}
m["sem-arw"] = {
"Western Aramaic",
3394214,
"sem-ara",
}
m["sem-ase"] = {
"Southeastern Aramaic",
3410322,
"sem-are",
}
m["sem-can"] = {
"Canaanite",
747547,
"sem-nwe",
}
m["sem-cen"] = {
"Central Semitic",
3433228,
"sem-wes",
}
m["sem-cna"] = {
"Central Neo-Aramaic",
3410322,
"sem-are",
}
m["sem-eas"] = {
"East Semitic",
164273,
"sem",
}
m["sem-eth"] = {
"Ethiopian Semitic",
163629,
"sem-wes",
aliases = {"Afro-Semitic", "Ethiopian", "Ethiopic", "Ethiosemitic"},
}
m["sem-nna"] = {
"Northeastern Neo-Aramaic",
2560578,
"sem-are",
}
m["sem-nwe"] = {
"Northwest Semitic",
162996,
"sem-cen",
}
m["sem-osa"] = {
"Old South Arabian",
35025,
"sem-cen",
aliases = {"Epigraphic South Arabian", "Sayhadic"},
}
m["sem-sar"] = {
"Modern South Arabian",
1981908,
"sem-wes",
}
m["sem-wes"] = {
"West Semitic",
124901,
"sem",
}
m["sgn"] = {
"sign",
34228,
"qfa-not",
}
m["sgn-fsl"] = {
"French Sign Languages",
5501921,
"sgn",
}
m["sgn-gsl"] = {
"German Sign Languages",
5551235,
"sgn",
}
m["sgn-jsl"] = {
"Japanese Sign Languages",
11722508,
"sgn",
}
m["sio"] = {
"Siouan",
34181,
"nai-sca",
}
m["sio-dhe"] = {
"Dhegihan",
3217420,
"sio-msv",
}
m["sio-dkt"] = {
"Dakotan",
4154122,
"sio-msv",
}
m["sio-mor"] = {
"Missouri River Siouan",
26807266,
"sio",
}
m["sio-msv"] = {
"Mississippi Valley Siouan",
12637104,
"sio",
}
m["sio-ohv"] = {
"Ohio Valley Siouan",
21070931,
"sio",
}
m["sit"] = {
"Sino-Tibetano", --TLCHANGE "Sino-Tibetan"
45961,
aliases = {"Trans-Himalayan"},
english_name = "Sino-Tibetan" --TLCHANGE
}
m["sit-aao"] = {
"Central Naga",
615474,
"sit",
}
m["sit-alm"] = {
"Almora",
nil,
"sit-whm",
}
m["sit-bai"] = {
"Bai",
35103,
"sit-mba",
}
m["sit-bdi"] = {
"Bodish",
1814078,
"sit",
}
m["sit-cln"] = {
"Cai-Long",
107182612,
"sit-mba",
aliases = {"Ta-Li"},
}
m["sit-dhi"] = {
"Dhimalish",
1207648,
"sit",
}
m["sit-ebo"] = {
"East Bodish",
56402,
"sit-bdi",
}
m["sit-egy"] = {
"East rGyalrongic",
832026,
"sit-rgy",
}
m["sit-ers"] = {
"Ersuic",
56335,
"sit",
}
m["sit-gma"] = {
"Greater Magaric",
55612963,
"sit",
}
m["sit-gsi"] = {
"Greater Siangic",
52698851,
"sit",
}
m["sit-hrs"] = {
"Hrusish",
1632501,
"sit",
aliases = {"Southeast Kamengic"},
}
m["sit-jnp"] = {
"Jingphoic",
nil,
"sit-jpl",
aliases = {"Jingpho"},
}
m["sit-jpl"] = {
"Kachin-Luic",
1515454,
"tbq-bkj",
aliases = {"Jingpho-Luish", "Jingpho-Asakian", "Kachinic"},
}
m["sit-kch"] = {
"Konyak-Chang",
nil,
"sit-kon",
}
m["sit-kha"] = {
"Kham",
33305,
"sit-gma",
}
m["sit-khb"] = {
"Kho-Bwa",
6401917,
"sit",
aliases = {"Bugunish", "Kamengic"},
}
m["sit-khw"] = {
"Western Kho-Bwa",
nil,
"sit-khb",
}
m["sit-khc"] = {
"Chug-Lish",
nil,
"sit-khw",
aliases = {"Duhumbi-Khispi"},
}
m["sit-khm"] = {
"Mey-Sartang",
nil,
"sit-khw",
aliases = {"Sartang-Sherdukpen"},
}
m["sit-kic"] = {
"Central Kiranti",
nil,
"sit-kir",
}
m["sit-kie"] = {
"Eastern Kiranti",
nil,
"sit-kir",
}
m["sit-kin"] = {
"Kinnauric",
nil,
"sit-whm",
aliases = {"Kinnauri"},
}
m["sit-kir"] = {
"Kiranti",
922148,
"sit",
}
m["sit-kiw"] = {
"Western Kiranti",
922148,
"sit-kir",
}
m["sit-kon"] = {
"Northern Naga",
774590,
"tbq-bkj",
aliases = {"Konyakian", "Konyak"},
}
m["sit-kyk"] = {
"Kyirong-Kagate",
6450957,
"sit-tib",
}
m["sit-lab"] = {
"Ladakhi-Balti",
6450957,
"sit-tib",
}
m["sit-las"] = {
"Lahuli-Spiti",
6473510,
"sit-tib",
}
m["sit-luu"] = {
"Luish",
55621439,
"sit-jpl",
aliases = {"Asakian", "Sak"},
}
m["sit-mar"] = {
"Maringic",
nil,
"sit-tma",
}
m["sit-mba"] = {
"Macro-Bai",
16963847,
"sit-sba",
aliases = {"Greater Bai"},
}
m["sit-mdz"] = {
"Midzu",
6843504,
"sit",
aliases = {"Geman", "Midzuish", "Miju-Meyor", "Southern Mishmi"},
}
m["sit-mnz"] = {
"Mondzish",
6898839,
"tbq-lob",
aliases = {"Mangish"},
}
m["sit-mru"] = {
"Mruic",
16908870,
"sit",
aliases = {"Mru-Hkongso"},
}
m["sit-nas"] = {
"Naish",
25047956,
"sit-nax",
}
m["sit-nax"] = {
"Naic",
6982999,
"tbq-buq",
aliases = {"Naxish"},
}
m["sit-nba"] = {
"Northern Bai",
122463830,
"sit-bai",
}
m["sit-new"] = {
"Newaric",
55625069,
"sit",
}
m["sit-nng"] = {
"Nungish",
1515482,
"sit",
aliases = {"Nung"},
}
m["sit-qia"] = {
"Qiangic",
1636765,
"tbq-buq",
}
m["sit-rgy"] = {
"Rgyalrongic",
56936,
"sit-qia",
aliases = {"Jiarongic"},
}
m["sit-sba"] = {
"Sino-Bai",
nil,
"sit",
aliases = {"Greater Bai"},
}
m["sit-tam"] = {
"Tamangic",
3309439,
"sit",
aliases = {"West Bodish"},
}
m["sit-tan"] = {
"Tani",
3217538,
"sit",
}
m["sit-tib"] = {
"Tibetic",
1641150,
"sit-bdi",
protoLanguage = "otb",
}
m["sit-tja"] = {
"Tujia",
nil,
"sit",
}
m["sit-tma"] = {
"Tangkhul-Maring",
nil,
"sit",
}
m["sit-tng"] = {
"Tangkhulic",
1516657,
"sit-tma",
aliases = {"Tangkhul"},
}
m["sit-tno"] = {
"Tangsa-Nocte",
nil,
"sit-kon",
}
m["sit-tsk"] = {
"Tshangla",
nil,
"sit",
}
m["sit-wgy"] = {
"West rGyalrongic",
nil,
"sit-rgy"
}
m["sit-whm"] = {
"West Himalayish",
2301695,
"sit",
}
m["sit-zem"] = {
"Zeme",
189291,
"sit",
aliases = {"Zeliangrong", "Zemeic"},
}
m["sla"] = {
"Slavic",
23526,
"ine-bsl",
aliases = {"Slavonic"},
}
m["smi"] = {
"Sami",
56463,
"urj",
aliases = {"Saami", "Samic", "Saamic"},
}
m["son"] = {
"Songhay",
505198,
"ssa",
aliases = {"Songhai"},
}
m["sqj"] = {
"Albanian",
8748,
"ine",
}
m["ssa"] = {
"Nilo-Saharan", -- possibly not a genetic grouping
33705,
}
m["ssa-fur"] = {
"Fur",
2989512,
"ssa",
}
m["ssa-klk"] = {
"Kuliak",
1791476,
"ssa",
aliases = {"Rub"},
}
m["ssa-kom"] = {
"Koman",
1781084,
"ssa",
}
m["ssa-sah"] = {
"Saharan",
1757661,
"ssa",
}
m["syd"] = {
"Samoyedic",
34005,
"urj",
aliases = {"Samoyed", "Samodeic"},
}
m["syd-ene"] = {
"Enets",
29942,
"syd",
}
m["tai"] = {
"Tai",
749720,
"qfa-bet",
aliases = {"Daic"},
}
m["tai-wen"] = {
"Wenma-Southwestern Tai",
nil,
"tai",
}
m["tai-tay"] = {
"Tày",
nil,
"tai-wen",
}
m["tai-sap"] = {
"Sapa-Southwestern Tai",
nil,
"tai-wen",
aliases = {"Sapa-Thai"},
}
m["tai-swe"] = {
"Southwestern Tai",
10889250,
"tai-sap",
}
m["tai-cho"] = {
"Chongzuo Tai",
13216,
"tai",
}
m["tai-cen"] = {
"Central Tai",
5061891,
"tai",
}
m["tai-nor"] = {
"Northern Tai",
7059014,
"tai",
}
m["tbq"] = {
"Tibeto-Burman",
34064,
"sit",
}
m["tbq-anp"] = {
"Angami-Pochuri",
530460,
"sit",
}
m["tbq-axi"] = {
"Axioid",
nil,
"tbq-sel",
}
m["tbq-bdg"] = {
"Bodo-Garo",
4090000,
"tbq-bkj",
}
m["tbq-bis"] = {
"Bisoid",
48844742,
"tbq-slo",
}
m["tbq-bka"] = {
"Bi-Ka",
12627890,
"tbq-slo",
}
m["tbq-bkj"] = {
"Sal",
889900,
"sit",
-- Brahmaputran appears to be Glottolog's term
aliases = {"Bodo-Konyak-Jinghpaw", "Brahmaputran", "Jingpho-Konyak-Bodo"},
}
m["tbq-brm"] = {
"Burmish",
865713,
"tbq-lob",
}
m["tbq-buq"] = {
"Burmo-Qiangic",
16056278,
"sit",
aliases = {"Eastern Tibeto-Burman"},
}
m["tbq-drp"] = {
"Downriver Phula",
7188378,
"tbq-rph",
}
m["tbq-han"] = {
"Hanoid",
17004185,
"tbq-slo",
}
m["tbq-hph"] = {
"Highland Phula",
nil,
"tbq-sel",
}
m["tbq-jin"] = {
"Jino",
6202716,
"tbq-slo",
}
m["tbq-kzh"] = {
"Kazhuoish",
48834669,
"tbq-lol",
}
m["tbq-kuk"] = {
"Kuki-Chin",
832413,
"sit",
aliases = {"Kukish", "South-Central Tibeto-Burman"},
}
m["tbq-lal"] = {
"Lalo",
56548,
"tbq-lso",
}
m["tbq-lho"] = {
"Lahoish",
nil,
"tbq-lol",
}
m["tbq-llo"] = {
"Lipo-Lolopo",
nil,
"tbq-lso",
}
m["tbq-lob"] = {
"Lolo-Burmese",
1635712,
"tbq-buq",
}
m["tbq-lol"] = {
"Loloish",
37035,
"tbq-lob",
aliases = {"Yi", "Ngwi", "Nisoic"},
}
m["tbq-lso"] = {
"Lisoish",
6559055,
"tbq-lol",
}
m["tbq-lwo"] = {
"Lawoish",
48847673,
"tbq-lol",
}
m["tbq-muj"] = {
"Muji",
11221327,
"tbq-hph",
}
m["tbq-nas"] = {
"Nasoid",
nil,
"tbq-nlo",
}
m["tbq-nis"] = {
"Nisu",
56404,
"tbq-nlo",
}
m["tbq-nlo"] = {
"Northern Loloish",
7058676,
"tbq-nso",
}
m["tbq-nso"] = {
"Nisoish",
56990,
"tbq-lol",
}
m["tbq-nus"] = {
"Nusoish",
114245231,
"tbq-lol",
}
m["tbq-phw"] = {
"Phowa",
7187959,
"tbq-hph",
}
m["tbq-rph"] = {
"Riverine Phula",
nil,
"tbq-sel",
}
m["tbq-sel"] = {
"Southeastern Loloish",
16111894,
"tbq-nso",
}
m["tbq-sil"] = {
"Siloid",
60787071,
"tbq-slo",
}
m["tbq-slo"] = {
"Southern Loloish",
5649340,
"tbq-lol",
}
m["tbq-tal"] = {
"Taloid",
48804018,
"tbq-lso",
}
m["tbq-urp"] = {
"Upriver Phula",
7187058,
"tbq-rph",
}
m["trk"] = {
"Turkic",
34090,
}
m["trk-cmn"] = {
"Common Turkic",
1126028,
"trk",
aliases = {"Shaz Turkic", "Shaz-Turkic"},
}
m["trk-kar"] = {
"Karluk",
703173,
"trk-cmn",
aliases = {"Qarluq", "Uyghur-Uzbek", "Southeastern Turkic"},
}
m["trk-kbu"] = {
"Kipchak-Bulgar",
3512539,
"trk-kip",
aliases = {"Uralian", "Uralo-Caspian"},
}
m["trk-kcu"] = {
"Kipchak-Cuman",
4370412,
"trk-kip",
aliases = {"Ponto-Caspian"},
}
m["trk-kip"] = {
"Kipchak",
1339898,
"trk-cmn",
-- Russian Wikipedia article [[w:ru:Западнотюркские_языки]] says "Western Turkic" is used by N.A. Baskakov and includes Oghuz, Kipchak and Karluk.
-- Azerbaijani Wikipedia article [[w:az:Qərbi_türk_dilləri]] clarifies that "Western Turkic" is not a clade.
other_names = {"Western Turkic"},
aliases = {"Kypchak", "Qypchaq", "Northwestern Turkic"},
protoLanguage = "qwm",
}
m["trk-kkp"] = {
"Kyrgyz-Kipchak",
4221189,
"trk-kip",
}
m["trk-kno"] = {
"Kipchak-Nogai",
4326954,
"trk-kip",
aliases = {"Aralo-Caspian"},
}
m["trk-nsb"] = {
"North Siberian Turkic",
4537269,
"trk-sib",
aliases = {"Northern Siberian Turkic"},
}
m["trk-ogr"] = {
"Oghur",
1422731,
"trk",
aliases = {"Lir-Turkic", "r-Turkic"},
}
m["trk-ogz"] = {
"Oghuz",
494600,
"trk-cmn",
aliases = {"Southwestern Turkic"},
}
m["trk-sib"] = {
"Siberian Turkic",
354353,
"trk-cmn",
other_names = {"Northern Turkic"},
-- per [[w:ru:Восточнотюркские_языки]], "Eastern Turkic" is an alias for Siberian Turkic in the work of O.A. Mudrak,
-- but has a different non-clade meaning in the older work of N.A. Baskakov.
aliases = {"Eastern Turkic", "Northeastern Turkic"},
}
m["trk-ssb"] = {
"South Siberian Turkic",
nil,
"trk-sib",
aliases = {"Southern Siberian Turkic"},
}
m["tup"] = {
"Tupian",
34070,
aliases = {"Tupi"},
}
m["tup-gua"] = {
"Tupi-Guarani",
148610,
"tup",
aliases = {"Tupí-Guaraní"},
}
m["tuw"] = {
"Tungusic",
34230,
aliases = {"Manchu-Tungus", "Tungus"},
}
m["tuw-ewe"] = {
"Ewenic",
105889448,
"tuw",
aliases = {"Northern Tungusic"},
}
m["tuw-jrc"] = {
"Jurchenic",
105889432,
"tuw",
aliases = {"Manchuric"},
}
m["tuw-nan"] = {
"Nanaic",
105889264,
"tuw",
}
m["tuw-udg"] = {
"Udegheic",
105889266,
"tuw",
}
m["urj"] = {
"Uralic",
34113,
varieties = {"Finno-Ugric"},
}
m["urj-fin"] = {
"Fino-baltiko", --TLCHANGE
33328,
"urj",
aliases = {"Baltic-Finnic", "Balto-Finnic", "Fennic"},
english_name = "Finnic", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Fino-báltico", --TLCHANGE
}
m["urj-mdv"] = {
"Mordvinic",
627313,
"urj",
}
m["urj-prm"] = {
"Permic",
161493,
"urj",
}
m["urj-ugr"] = {
"Ugric",
156631,
"urj",
}
m["wak"] = {
"Wakashan",
60069,
}
m["wen"] = {
"Sorbian",
25442,
"zlw",
aliases = {"Lusatian", "Wendish"},
}
m["xgn"] = {
"Mongolic",
33750,
"qfa-xgs",
aliases = {"Mongolian"},
}
m["xgn-cen"] = {
"Central Mongolic",
28719447,
"xgn",
protoLanguage = "xng-lat",
}
m["xgn-sou"] = {
"Southern Mongolic",
nil,
"xgn",
protoLanguage = "xng-ear",
}
m["xgn-shr"] = {
"Shirongolic",
107539435,
"xgn-sou",
}
m["xme"] = {
"Median",
nil,
"ira-mpr",
protoLanguage = "xme-old",
}
m["xme-ttc"] = {
"Tatic",
nil,
"xme",
}
m["xnd"] = {
"Na-Dene",
26986,
"qfa-dny",
aliases = {"Na-Dené"},
}
m["xsc"] = {
"Scythian",
nil,
"ira-nei",
}
m["xsc-sak"] = {
"Saka",
nil,
"xsc-skw",
aliases = {"Sakan"},
}
m["xsc-sar"] = {
"Sarmatian",
nil,
"xsc",
}
m["xsc-skw"] = {
"Saka-Wakhi",
nil,
"xsc",
}
m["yok"] = {
"Yokuts",
34249,
"nai-you",
aliases = {"Yokutsan", "Mariposan", "Mariposa"},
}
m["ypk"] = {
"Yupik",
27970,
"esx-esk",
aliases = {"Yup'ik", "Yuit"},
}
m["yrk"] = {
"Nenets",
36452,
"syd",
}
m["zhx"] = {
"Sinitiko", --TLCHANGE "Sinitic"
33857,
"sit-sba",
aliases = {"Chinese"},
protoLanguage = "och",
english_name = "Sinitic", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Sinitico", --TLCHANGE
}
m["zhx-com"] = {
"Min Pandalampasigan", --TLCHANGE "baybayin" is already an overloaded term (used in wiktionary in the spelling sense), so let's use "dalampasigan" instead
20667215,
"zhx-min",
english_name = "Coastal Min", --TLCHANGE
}
m["zhx-inm"] = {
"Min Pang-ilaya", --TLCHANGE
20667237,
"zhx-min",
english_name = "Inland Min", --TLCHANGE
}
m["zhx-man"] = {
"Mandariniko", --TLCHANGE
nil,
"zhx",
protoLanguage = "cmn-ear",
english_name = "Mandarinic", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Mandarinico", --TLCHANGE
}
m["zhx-min"] = {
"Min",
56504,
"zhx",
}
m["zhx-nan"] = {
"Katimugang Min", --TLCHANGE
36495,
"zhx-com",
english_name = "Southern Min", --TLCHANGE
}
m["zhx-pin"] = {
"Pinghua",
2735715,
"zhx",
protoLanguage = "ltc",
}
m["zhx-yue"] = {
"Yue",
7033959,
"zhx",
protoLanguage = "ltc",
}
m["zle"] = {
"East Slavic",
144713,
"sla",
}
m["zls"] = {
"South Slavic",
146665,
"sla",
}
m["zlw"] = {
"West Slavic",
145852,
"sla",
}
m["zlw-lch"] = {
"Lechitic",
742782,
"zlw",
aliases = {"Lekhitic"},
}
m["zlw-pom"] = {
"Pomeranian",
nil,
"zlw-lch",
}
m["znd"] = {
"Zande",
8066072,
"nic-ubg",
}
return require("Module:languages").finalizeData(m, "family")
lpf2u55p4aej126j3pks1qoh4f74m9k
177761
177760
2026-09-04T12:43:26Z
Yivan000
4078
177761
Scribunto
text/plain
--[=[
This module contains definitions for all language family codes on Wiktionary.
]=]--
local m = {}
m["aav"] = {
"Awstroasyatika", --TLCHANGE
33199,
aliases = {"Austro-Asiatic"},
english_name = "Austroasiatic", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Austroasiática", --TLCHANGE
}
m["aav-khs"] = {
"Khasika", --TLCHANGE
3073734,
"aav",
aliases = {"Khasic"},
english_name = "Khasian", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Khásica", --TLCHANGE
}
m["aav-nic"] = {
"Nikobares", --TLCHANGE
217380,
"aav",
english_name = "Nicobarese", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Nicobarés", --TLCHANGE
}
m["aav-pkl"] = {
"Pnar-Khasi-Lyngngam",
nil,
"aav-khs",
}
m["afa"] = {
"Afroasyatika", --TLCHANGE
25268,
aliases = {"Afro-Asiatic"},
english_name = "Afroasiatic", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Afroasiática", --TLCHANGE
}
m["alg"] = {
"Algonkinas", --TLCHANGE
33392,
"aql",
english_name = "Algonquian", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Algonquinas", --TLCHANGE
}
m["alg-abp"] = {
"Abenaki-Penobscot",
197936,
"alg-eas",
}
m["alg-ara"] = {
"Arapahoan",
2153686,
"alg",
}
m["alg-eas"] = {
"Eastern Algonquian",
2257525,
"alg",
}
m["alg-sfk"] = {
"Sac-Fox-Kickapoo",
1440172,
"alg",
}
m["alv"] = {
"Atlantiko-Konggoleñas", --TLCHANGE
771124,
"nic",
english_name = "Atlantic-Congo", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Atlántico-Congoleñas", --TLCHANGE
}
m["alv-aah"] = {
"Ayere-Ahan",
750953,
"alv-von",
}
m["alv-ada"] = {
"Adamawa",
32906,
"alv-sav",
}
m["alv-bag"] = {
"Baga",
2746083,
"alv-mel",
}
m["alv-bak"] = {
"Bak",
1708174,
"alv-sng",
}
m["alv-bam"] = {
"Bambukic",
4853456,
"alv-ada",
aliases = {"Yungur-Jen"},
}
m["alv-bny"] = {
"Banyum",
2892477,
"alv-nyn",
}
m["alv-bua"] = {
"Bua",
4982094,
"alv-mbd",
}
m["alv-bwj"] = {
"Bikwin-Jen",
84542501,
"alv-bam",
}
m["alv-cng"] = {
"Cangin",
1033184,
"alv-fwo",
}
m["alv-ctn"] = {
"Central Tano",
1658486,
"alv-ptn",
aliases = {"Akan"},
}
m["alv-dlt"] = {
"Delta Edoid",
nil,
"alv-edo",
}
m["alv-dur"] = {
"Duru",
5316788,
"alv-lni",
}
m["alv-ede"] = {
"Ede",
35368,
"alv-yor",
}
m["alv-edk"] = {
"Edekiri",
5336735,
"alv-yrd",
}
m["alv-edo"] = {
"Edoid",
1287469,
"alv-von",
}
m["alv-eeo"] = {
"Edo-Esan-Ora",
12630439,
"alv-nce",
}
m["alv-fli"] = {
"Fali",
3450166,
"alv",
}
m["alv-fwo"] = {
"Fula-Wolof",
12631267,
"alv-sng",
}
m["alv-gbe"] = {
"Gbe",
668284,
"alv-von",
}
m["alv-gda"] = {
"Ga-Dangme",
3443338,
"alv-kwa",
}
m["alv-gng"] = {
"Guang",
684009,
"alv-ptn",
}
m["alv-gtm"] = {
"Ghana-Togo Mountain",
493020,
"alv-kwa",
aliases = {"Togo Remnant", "Central Togo"},
}
m["alv-hei"] = {
"Heiban",
108752116,
"alv-the",
}
m["alv-ido"] = {
"Idomoid",
974196,
"alv-von",
}
m["alv-igb"] = {
"Igboid",
1429100,
"alv-von",
}
m["alv-jfe"] = {
"Jola-Felupe",
1708174,
"alv-jol",
aliases = {"Ejamat"},
}
m["alv-jol"] = {
"Jola",
35176,
"alv-bak",
aliases = {"Diola"},
}
m["alv-kim"] = {
"Kim",
6409701,
"alv-mbd",
}
m["alv-kis"] = {
"Kissi",
35696,
"alv-mel",
}
m["alv-krb"] = {
"Karaboro",
4213541,
"alv-snf",
}
m["alv-ktg"] = {
"Ka-Togo",
5972796,
"alv-gtm",
}
m["alv-kul"] = {
"Kulango",
16977424,
"alv-sav",
aliases = {"Kulango-Lorhon", "Kulango-Lorom"},
}
m["alv-kwa"] = {
"Kwa",
33430,
"nic-vco",
}
m["alv-lag"] = {
"Lagoon",
111210042,
"alv-kwa",
}
m["alv-lek"] = {
"Leko",
6520642,
other_names = {"Sambaic"}, -- appears to be an alias in Glottolog
"alv-lni",
}
m["alv-lim"] = {
"Limba",
35825,
"alv",
}
m["alv-lni"] = {
"Leko-Nimbari",
1708170,
"alv-ada",
other_names = {"Central Adamawa"},
aliases = {"Chamba-Mumuye"},
}
m["alv-mbd"] = {
"Mbum-Day",
6799816,
"alv-ada",
}
m["alv-mbm"] = {
"Mbum",
6799814,
"alv-mbd",
}
m["alv-mel"] = {
"Mel",
12122355,
"alv",
}
m["alv-mum"] = {
"Mumuye",
84607009,
"alv-mye",
}
m["alv-mye"] = {
"Mumuye-Yendang",
6935539,
"alv-lni",
}
m["alv-nal"] = {
"Nalu",
nil,
"alv-sng",
}
m["alv-nce"] = {
"North-Central Edoid",
16110869,
"alv-edo",
}
m["alv-ngb"] = {
"Nupe-Gbagyi",
12638649,
"alv-nup",
aliases = {"Nupe-Gbari"},
}
m["alv-ntg"] = {
"Na-Togo",
nil,
"alv-gtm",
}
m["alv-nup"] = {
"Nupoid",
1429143,
"alv-von",
}
m["alv-nwd"] = {
"Northwestern Edoid",
16111012,
"alv-edo",
}
m["alv-nyn"] = {
"Nyun",
nil,
"alv-fwo",
}
m["alv-pap"] = {
"Papel",
7132562,
"alv-bak",
}
m["alv-pph"] = {
"Phla-Pherá",
3849625,
"alv-gbe",
}
m["alv-ptn"] = {
"Potou-Tano",
1475003,
"alv-kwa",
}
m["alv-sav"] = {
"Savanna",
4403672,
"nic-vco",
aliases = {"Savannas"},
}
m["alv-sma"] = {
"Supyire-Mamara",
4446348,
"alv-snf",
aliases = {"Suppire-Mamara"},
}
m["alv-snf"] = {
"Senufo",
33795,
"alv",
aliases = {"Senufic", "Senoufo", "Sénoufo"},
}
m["alv-sng"] = {
"Senegambian",
1708753,
"alv",
}
m["alv-snr"] = {
"Senari",
4416084,
"alv-snf",
}
m["alv-swd"] = {
"Southwestern Edoid",
12633903,
"alv-edo",
}
m["alv-tal"] = {
"Talodi",
12643302,
"alv-the",
}
m["alv-tdj"] = {
"Tagwana-Djimini",
7675362,
"alv-snf",
}
m["alv-ten"] = {
"Tenda",
3217535,
"alv-fwo",
}
m["alv-the"] = {
"Talodi-Heiban",
1521145,
"alv",
}
m["alv-von"] = {
"Volta-Niger",
34177,
"nic-vco",
}
m["alv-wan"] = {
"Wara-Natyoro",
7968830,
"alv-sav",
}
m["alv-wjk"] = {
"Waja-Kam",
nil,
"alv-ada",
}
m["alv-yek"] = {
"Yekhee",
nil,
"alv-nce",
}
m["alv-yor"] = {
"Yoruba",
nil,
"alv-edk",
}
m["alv-yrd"] = {
"Yoruboid",
1789745,
"alv-von",
}
m["alv-yun"] = {
"Yungur",
84601642,
"alv-bam",
aliases = {"Bena-Mboi"},
}
m["apa"] = {
"Apatseanas", --TLCHANGE
27758,
"ath",
aliases = {"Southern Athabaskan"},
english_name = "Apachean", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Apacheanas", --TLCHANGE
}
m["aqa"] = {
"Alacalufan",
1288430,
}
m["aql"] = {
"Algikas", --TLCHANGE
721612,
aliases = {"Algonquian-Ritwan", "Algonquian-Wiyot-Yurok"},
english_name = "Algic", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Álgicas", --TLCHANGE
}
m["art"] = {
"nilikha", --TLCHANGE "constructed"
33215,
"qfa-not",
aliases = {"artificial", "planned"},
english_name = "constructed", --TLCHANGE
}
m["ath"] = {
"Athabaskan",
27475,
"xnd",
}
m["ath-nor"] = {
"North Athabaskan",
20738,
"ath",
aliases = {"Northern Athabaskan"},
}
m["ath-pco"] = {
"Pacific Coast Athabaskan",
20654,
"ath",
}
m["auf"] = {
"Arauan",
626772,
aliases = {"Arahuan", "Arauán", "Arawa", "Arawan", "Arawán"},
}
--[=[
Exceptional language and family codes for Australian Aboriginal languages
can use the prefix "aus-", though "aus" is no longer itself a family code.
]=]--
m["aus-arn"] = {
"Arnhem",
2581700,
aliases = {"Gunwinyguan", "Macro-Gunwinyguan"},
}
m["aus-bub"] = {
"Bunuban",
2495148,
aliases = {"Bunaban"},
}
m["aus-cww"] = {
"Central New South Wales",
5061507,
"aus-pam",
}
m["aus-dal"] = {
"Daly",
2478079,
}
m["aus-dyb"] = {
"Dyirbalic",
1850666,
"aus-pam",
}
m["aus-gar"] = {
"Garawan",
5521951,
}
m["aus-gun"] = {
"Gunwinyguan",
2581700,
"aus-arn",
aliases = {"Gunwingguan"},
}
m["aus-jar"] = {
"Jarrakan",
2039423,
}
m["aus-kar"] = {
"Karnic",
4215578,
"aus-pam",
}
m["aus-mir"] = {
"Mirndi",
4294095,
}
m["aus-nga"] = {
"Ngayarda",
16153490,
"aus-psw",
}
m["aus-nyu"] = {
"Nyulnyulan",
2039408,
}
m["aus-pam"] = {
"Pama-Nyungan",
33942,
}
m["aus-pmn"] = {
"Paman",
2640654,
"aus-pam",
}
m["aus-psw"] = {
"Southwest Pama-Nyungan",
2258160,
"aus-pam",
}
m["aus-rnd"] = {
"Arandic",
4784071,
"aus-pam",
}
m["aus-tnk"] = {
"Tangkic",
1823065,
}
m["aus-wdj"] = {
"Iwaidjan",
4196968,
aliases = {"Yiwaidjan"},
}
m["aus-wor"] = {
"Worrorran",
2038619,
}
m["aus-yid"] = {
"Yidinyic",
4205849,
"aus-pam",
}
m["aus-yng"] = {
"Yangmanic",
42727644,
}
m["aus-yol"] = {
"Yolngu",
2511254,
"aus-pam",
aliases = {"Yolŋu", "Yolngu Matha"},
}
m["aus-yuk"] = {
"Yuin-Kuric",
3833021,
"aus-pam",
}
m["awd"] = {
"Arawak",
626753,
aliases = {"Arawakan", "Maipurean", "Maipuran"},
}
m["awd-nwk"] = {
"Nawiki",
nil,
"awd",
aliases = {"Newiki"},
}
m["awd-taa"] = {
"Ta-Arawak",
7672731,
"awd",
aliases = {"Ta-Arawakan", "Ta-Maipurean"},
}
m["azc"] = {
"Uto-Aztecan",
34073,
aliases = {"Uto-Aztekan"},
}
m["azc-cup"] = {
"Cupan",
19866871,
"azc-tak",
}
m["azc-dur"] = {
"Durango Nahuatl",
2386361,
"azc-nah",
aliases = {"Mexicanero"}
}
m["azc-hua"] = {
"Huasteca Nahuatl",
3832950,
"azc-nah",
}
m["azc-nah"] = {
"Nahuan",
11965602,
"azc",
aliases = {"Aztecan"},
}
m["azc-num"] = {
"Numic",
2657541,
"azc",
}
m["azc-pim"] = {
"Piman",
7194600,
"azc",
aliases = {"Tepiman"},
}
m["azc-tak"] = {
"Takic",
1280305,
"azc",
}
m["azc-trc"] = {
"Taracahitic",
4245032,
"azc",
aliases = {"Taracahitan"},
}
m["bad"] = {
"Banda",
806234,
"nic-ubg",
}
m["bad-cnt"] = {
"Central Banda",
3438391,
"bad",
}
m["bai"] = {
"Bamileke",
806005,
"nic-gre",
}
m["bat"] = {
"Baltic",
33136,
"ine-bsl",
}
m["bat-eas"] = {
"East Baltic",
149944,
"bat",
}
m["bat-wes"] = {
"West Baltic",
149946,
"bat",
}
m["ber"] = {
"Berber",
25448,
"afa",
aliases = {"Tamazight"},
}
m["bnt"] = {
"Bantu",
33146,
"nic-bds",
}
m["bnt-baf"] = {
"Bafia",
799784,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-bbo"] = {
"Bafo-Bonkeng",
nil,
"bnt-saw",
}
m["bnt-bdz"] = {
"Boma-Dzing",
1729203,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-bek"] = {
"Bekwilic",
nil,
"bnt-ndb",
}
m["bnt-bki"] = {
"Bena-Kinga",
16113307,
"bnt-bne",
}
m["bnt-bmo"] = {
"Bangi-Moi",
nil,
"bnt-bnm",
}
m["bnt-bne"] = {
"Northeast Bantu",
7057832,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-bnm"] = {
"Bangi-Ntomba",
806477,
"bnt-bte",
}
m["bnt-boa"] = {
"Boan",
4931250,
"bnt",
aliases = {"Buan", "Ababuan"},
}
m["bnt-bot"] = {
"Botatwe",
4948532,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-bsa"] = {
"Basaa",
809739,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-bsh"] = {
"Bushoong",
5001551,
"bnt-bte",
}
m["bnt-bso"] = {
"Southern Bantu",
980498,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-bta"] = {
"Bati-Angba",
4869303,
"bnt-boa",
other_names = {"Late Bomokandian"},
aliases = {"Bwa"},
}
m["bnt-btb"] = {
"Beti",
35118,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-bte"] = {
"Bangi-Tetela",
4855181,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-bun"] = {
"Buja-Ngombe",
4986733,
"bnt-mbb",
}
m["bnt-chg"] = {
"Chaga",
33016,
"bnt-cht",
}
m["bnt-cht"] = {
"Chaga-Taita",
nil,
"bnt-bne",
}
m["bnt-clu"] = {
"Chokwe-Luchazi",
3339273,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-com"] = {
"Comorian",
33077,
"bnt-sab",
}
m["bnt-glb"] = {
"Great Lakes Bantu",
5599420,
"bnt-bne",
}
m["bnt-haj"] = {
"Haya-Jita",
25502360,
"bnt-glb",
}
m["bnt-kak"] = {
"Kako",
nil,
"bnt-pob",
}
m["bnt-kav"] = {
"Kavango",
116544179,
"bnt-ksb",
}
m["bnt-kbi"] = {
"Komo-Bira",
6428591,
"bnt-boa",
}
m["bnt-kel"] = {
"Kele",
1738162,
"bnt-kts",
aliases = {"Sheke"},
}
m["bnt-kil"] = {
"Kilombero",
6408121,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-kka"] = {
"Kikuyu-Kamba",
16114410,
"bnt-bne",
aliases = {"Thagiicu"},
}
m["bnt-kmb"] = {
"Kimbundu",
16947687,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-kng"] = {
"Kongo",
6429214,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-kpw"] = {
"Kpwe",
36428,
"bnt-saw",
}
m["bnt-ksb"] = {
"Kavango-Southwest Bantu",
6379098,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-kts"] = {
"Kele-Tsogo",
6385577,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-lbn"] = {
"Luban",
4536504,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-leb"] = {
"Lebonya",
6511395,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-lgb"] = {
"Lega-Binja",
6517694,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-lok"] = {
"Logooli-Kuria",
nil,
"bnt-glb",
}
m["bnt-lub"] = {
"Luba",
nil,
"bnt-lbn",
}
m["bnt-lun"] = {
"Lunda",
6704091,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-mak"] = {
"Makua",
6740431,
"bnt-bso",
aliases = {"Makhuwa"},
}
m["bnt-mbb"] = {
"Mboshi-Buja",
6799764,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-mbe"] = {
"Mbole-Enya",
6799728,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-mbi"] = {
"Mbinga",
nil,
"bnt-rur",
}
m["bnt-mbo"] = {
"Mboshi",
6799763,
"bnt-mbb",
}
m["bnt-mbt"] = {
"Mbete",
1346910,
"bnt-tmb",
aliases = {"Mbere"},
}
m["bnt-mby"] = {
"Mbeya",
nil,
"bnt-ruk",
}
m["bnt-mij"] = {
"Mijikenda",
6845474,
"bnt-sab",
}
m["bnt-mka"] = {
"Makaa",
nil,
"bnt-ndb",
}
m["bnt-mne"] = {
"Manenguba",
31147471,
"bnt",
aliases = {"Mbo", "Ngoe"},
}
m["bnt-mnj"] = {
"Makaa-Njem",
1603899,
"bnt-pob",
}
m["bnt-mon"] = {
"Mongo",
nil,
"bnt-bnm",
}
m["bnt-mra"] = {
"Mbugwe-Rangi",
6799795,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-msl"] = {
"Masaba-Luhya",
12636428,
"bnt-glb",
}
m["bnt-mwi"] = {
"Mwika",
nil,
"bnt-ruk",
}
m["bnt-ncb"] = {
"Northeast Coast Bantu",
7057848,
"bnt-bne",
}
m["bnt-ndb"] = {
"Ndzem-Bomwali",
nil,
"bnt-mnj",
}
m["bnt-ngn"] = {
"Ngondi-Ngiri",
7022532,
"bnt-mbb",
}
m["bnt-ngu"] = {
"Nguni",
961559,
"bnt-bso",
aliases = {"Ngoni"},
}
m["bnt-nya"] = {
"Nyali",
7070832,
"bnt-leb",
}
m["bnt-nyb"] = {
"Nyanga-Buyi",
7070882,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-nyg"] = {
"Nyoro-Ganda",
12638666,
"bnt-glb",
}
m["bnt-nys"] = {
"Nyasa",
7070921,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-nze"] = {
"Nzebi",
1755498,
"bnt-tmb",
aliases = {"Njebi"},
}
m["bnt-ova"] = {
"Ovambo",
36489,
"bnt-swb",
aliases = {"Oshivambo", "Oshiwambo", "Owambo"},
}
m["bnt-par"] = {
"Pare",
nil,
"bnt-ncb",
}
m["bnt-pen"] = {
"Pende",
7162373,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-pob"] = {
"Pomo-Bomwali",
nil,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-ruk"] = {
"Rukwa",
7378902,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-run"] = {
"Rungwe",
nil,
"bnt-ruk",
}
m["bnt-rur"] = {
"Rufiji-Ruvuma",
7377947,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-ruv"] = {
"Ruvu",
nil,
"bnt-ncb",
}
m["bnt-rvm"] = {
"Ruvuma",
nil,
"bnt-rur",
}
m["bnt-sab"] = {
"Sabaki",
2209395,
"bnt-ncb",
}
m["bnt-saw"] = {
"Sawabantu",
532003,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-sbi"] = {
"Sabi",
7396071,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-seu"] = {
"Seuta",
nil,
"bnt-ncb",
}
m["bnt-shh"] = {
"Shi-Havu",
nil,
"bnt-glb",
}
m["bnt-sho"] = {
"Shona",
2904660,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-sir"] = {
"Sira",
1436372,
"bnt",
aliases = {"Shira-Punu"},
}
m["bnt-ske"] = {
"Soko-Kele",
nil,
"bnt-bte",
}
m["bnt-sna"] = {
"Sena",
nil,
"bnt-nys",
}
m["bnt-sts"] = {
"Sotho-Tswana",
2038386,
"bnt-bso",
}
m["bnt-swb"] = {
"Southwest Bantu",
116543539,
"bnt-ksb",
}
m["bnt-swh"] = {
"Swahili",
nil,
"bnt-sab",
}
m["bnt-tek"] = {
"Teke",
36528,
"bnt-tmb",
}
m["bnt-tet"] = {
"Tetela",
7706059,
"bnt-bte",
}
m["bnt-tkc"] = {
"Central Teke",
36473,
"bnt-tek",
}
m["bnt-tkm"] = {
"Takama",
nil,
"bnt-bne",
}
m["bnt-tmb"] = {
"Teke-Mbede",
7695332,
"bnt",
aliases = {"Teke-Mbere"},
}
m["bnt-tso"] = {
"Tsogo",
2458420,
other_names = {"Okani"}, --appears to be an alias in Glottolog
"bnt-kts",
}
m["bnt-tsr"] = {
"Tswa-Ronga",
12643962,
"bnt-bso",
}
m["bnt-yak"] = {
"Yaka",
8047027,
"bnt",
}
m["bnt-yko"] = {
"Yasa-Kombe",
nil,
"bnt-saw",
}
m["bnt-zbi"] = {
"Zamba-Binza",
nil,
"bnt-bnm",
}
m["btk"] = {
"Batak",
1998595,
"poz-nws",
}
--[=[
Exceptional language and family codes for Central American Indian languages
may use the prefix "cai-", though "cai" is no longer itself a family code.
]=]--
--[=[
Exceptional language and family codes for Caucasian languages can use
the prefix "cau-", though "cau" is no longer itself a family code.
]=]--
m["cau-abz"] = {
"Abkhaz-Abaza",
4663617,
"cau-nwc",
other_names = {"Abkhaz-Tapanta"},
aliases = {"Abazgi"},
}
m["cau-and"] = {
"Andian",
492152,
"cau-ava",
aliases = {"Andic"},
}
m["cau-ava"] = {
"Avaro-Andian",
4055404,
"cau-nec",
aliases = {"Avar-Andian", "Avar-Andi", "Avar-Andic"},
}
m["cau-cir"] = {
"Circassian",
858543,
"cau-nwc",
aliases = {"Cherkess"},
}
m["cau-drg"] = {
"Dargwa",
5222637,
"cau-nec",
other_names = {"Dargin"},
}
m["cau-esm"] = {
"Eastern Samur",
nil,
"cau-sam",
}
m["cau-ets"] = {
"East Tsezian",
121437666,
"cau-tsz",
aliases = {"East Tsezic", "East Didoic"},
}
m["cau-lzg"] = {
"Lezghian",
2144370,
"cau-nec",
aliases = {"Lezgi", "Lezgian", "Lezgic"},
}
m["cau-nkh"] = {
"Nakh",
24441,
"cau-nec",
aliases = {"North-Central Caucasian"},
}
m["cau-nec"] = {
"Northeast Caucasian",
27387,
aliases = {"Dagestanian", "Nakho-Dagestanian", "Caspian"},
}
m["cau-nwc"] = {
"Northwest Caucasian",
33852,
aliases = {"Abkhazo-Adyghean", "Abkhaz-Adyghe", "Pontic"},
}
m["cau-sam"] = {
"Samur",
15229151,
"cau-lzg",
}
m["cau-ssm"] = {
"Southern Samur",
nil,
"cau-sam",
}
m["cau-tsz"] = {
"Tsezian",
1651530,
"cau-nec",
aliases = {"Tsezic", "Didoic"},
}
m["cau-vay"] = {
"Vainakh",
4102486,
"cau-nkh",
aliases = {"Veinakh", "Vaynakh"},
}
m["cau-wsm"] = {
"Western Samur",
nil,
"cau-sam",
}
m["cau-wts"] = {
"West Tsezian",
121437697,
"cau-tsz",
aliases = {"West Tsezic", "West Didoic"},
}
m["cba"] = {
"Chibchan",
520478,
"qfa-mch", -- or none if Macro-Chibchan is considered undemonstrated
}
m["ccs"] = {
"Kartvelian",
34030,
aliases = {"South Caucasian"},
}
m["ccs-gzn"] = {
"Georgian-Zan",
34030,
"ccs",
aliases = {"Karto-Zan"},
}
m["ccs-zan"] = {
"Zan",
2606912,
"ccs-gzn",
aliases = {"Zanuri", "Colchian"},
}
m["cdc"] = {
"Chadic",
33184,
"afa",
}
m["cdc-cbm"] = {
"Central Chadic",
2251547,
"cdc",
aliases = {"Biu-Mandara"},
}
m["cdc-est"] = {
"East Chadic",
2276221,
"cdc",
}
m["cdc-mas"] = {
"Masa",
2136092,
"cdc",
}
m["cdc-wst"] = {
"West Chadic",
2447774,
"cdc",
}
m["cdd"] = {
"Caddoan",
1025090,
}
m["cel"] = {
"Celtic",
25293,
"ine",
}
m["cel-bry"] = {
"Brythonic",
156877,
"cel-ins",
aliases = {"Brittonic"},
}
m["cel-brs"] = {
"Southwestern Brythonic",
2612853,
"cel-bry",
aliases = {"Southwestern Brittonic"},
}
m["cel-brw"] = {
"Western Brythonic",
593069,
"cel-bry",
aliases = {"Western Brittonic"},
}
m["cel-gae"] = {
"Goidelic",
56433,
"cel-ins",
aliases = {"Gaelic"},
protoLanguage = "pgl",
}
m["cel-his"] = {
"Hispano-Celtic",
4204136,
"cel",
}
m["cel-ins"] = {
"Insular Celtic",
214506,
"cel",
}
m["chi"] = {
"Chimakuan",
1073088,
}
m["chm"] = {
"Mari",
973685,
"urj",
}
m["cmc"] = {
"Chamic",
2997506,
"poz-mcm",
}
m["crp"] = {
"creole or pidgin",
19682167,
"qfa-cnt",
}
m["csu"] = {
"Central Sudanic",
190822,
"ssa",
}
m["csu-bba"] = {
"Bongo-Bagirmi",
3505042,
"csu",
}
m["csu-bbk"] = {
"Bongo-Baka",
4941917,
"csu-bba",
}
m["csu-bgr"] = {
"Bagirmi",
4841948,
"csu-bba",
aliases = {"Bagirmic"},
}
m["csu-bkr"] = {
"Birri-Kresh",
nil,
"csu",
}
m["csu-ecs"] = {
"Eastern Central Sudanic",
16911698,
"csu",
aliases = {"East Central Sudanic", "Central Sudanic East", "Lendu-Mangbetu"},
}
m["csu-kab"] = {
"Kaba",
6343715,
"csu-bba",
}
m["csu-lnd"] = {
"Lendu",
6522357,
"csu-ecs",
aliases = {"Lenduic"},
}
m["csu-maa"] = {
"Mangbetu",
6748874,
"csu-ecs",
aliases = {"Mangbetu-Asoa", "Mangbetu-Asua"},
}
m["csu-mle"] = {
"Mangbutu-Lese",
17009406,
"csu-ecs",
aliases = {"Mangbutu-Efe", "Mangbutu", "Membi-Mangbutu-Efe"},
}
m["csu-mma"] = {
"Moru-Madi",
6915156,
"csu-ecs",
}
m["csu-sar"] = {
"Sara",
2036691,
"csu-bba",
}
m["csu-val"] = {
"Vale",
7909520,
"csu-bba",
}
m["cus"] = {
"Cushitic",
33248,
"afa",
}
m["cus-cen"] = {
"Central Cushitic",
56569,
"cus",
}
m["cus-eas"] = {
"East Cushitic",
56568,
"cus",
}
m["cus-hec"] = {
"Highland East Cushitic",
56524,
"cus-eas",
}
m["cus-som"] = {
"Somaloid",
56774,
"cus-eas",
aliases = {"Sam", "Macro-Somali"},
}
m["cus-sou"] = {
"South Cushitic",
56525,
"cus",
}
m["day"] = {
"Land Dayak",
2760613,
"poz",
}
m["del"] = {
"Lenape",
2665761,
"alg-eas",
aliases = {"Delaware"},
}
m["den"] = {
"Slavey",
13272,
"ath-nor",
aliases = {"Slave", "Slavé"},
}
m["dmn"] = {
"Mande",
33681,
"nic",
}
m["dmn-bbu"] = {
"Bisa-Busa",
12627956,
"dmn-mde",
}
m["dmn-emn"] = {
"East Manding",
nil,
"dmn-man",
}
m["dmn-jje"] = {
"Jogo-Jeri",
nil,
"dmn-mjo",
}
m["dmn-man"] = {
"Manding",
35772,
"dmn-mmo",
}
m["dmn-mda"] = {
"Mano-Dan",
nil,
"dmn-mse",
}
m["dmn-mdc"] = {
"Central Mande",
5972907,
"dmn-mdw",
}
m["dmn-mde"] = {
"Eastern Mande",
12633080,
"dmn",
}
m["dmn-mdw"] = {
"Western Mande",
16113831,
"dmn",
}
m["dmn-mjo"] = {
"Manding-Jogo",
12636153,
"dmn-mdc",
}
m["dmn-mmo"] = {
"Manding-Mokole",
nil,
"dmn-mva",
}
m["dmn-mnk"] = {
"Maninka",
36186,
"dmn-emn",
}
m["dmn-mnw"] = {
"Northwestern Mande",
5972910,
"dmn-mdw",
}
m["dmn-mok"] = {
"Mokole",
16935447,
"dmn-mmo",
}
m["dmn-mse"] = {
"Southeastern Mande",
5972912,
"dmn-mde",
}
m["dmn-msw"] = {
"Southwestern Mande",
12633904,
"dmn-mdw",
}
m["dmn-mva"] = {
"Manding-Vai",
nil,
"dmn-mjo",
}
m["dmn-nbe"] = {
"Nwa-Beng",
nil,
"dmn-mse",
}
m["dmn-sam"] = {
"Samo",
36327,
"dmn-bbu",
aliases = {"Samuic"},
}
m["dmn-smg"] = {
"Samogo",
7410000,
"dmn-mnw",
aliases = {"Duun-Seenku"},
}
m["dmn-snb"] = {
"Soninke-Bobo",
16111680,
"dmn-mnw",
}
m["dmn-sya"] = {
"Susu-Yalunka",
nil,
"dmn-mdc",
}
m["dmn-vak"] = {
"Vai-Kono",
nil,
"dmn-mva",
}
m["dmn-wmn"] = {
"West Manding",
nil,
"dmn-man",
}
m["dra"] = {
"Dravidian",
33311,
}
m["dra-cen"] = {
"Central Dravidian",
12628823,
"dra",
}
m["dra-gki"] = {
"Gondi-Kui",
12631610,
"dra-sdt",
}
m["dra-gon"] = {
"Gondi",
55639812,
"dra-gki",
}
m["dra-imd"] = {
"Irula-Muduga",
nil,
"dra-tkn",
}
m["dra-kan"] = {
"Kannadoid",
6363888,
"dra-tkn",
protoLanguage = "dra-okn",
}
m["dra-kki"] = {
"Konda-Kui",
nil,
"dra-gki",
}
m["dra-kml"] = {
"Kurux-Malto",
68002822,
"dra-nor",
}
m["dra-knk"] = {
"Kolami-Naiki",
10547037,
"dra-cen",
}
m["dra-kod"] = {
"Kodagu",
67983106,
"dra-tkd",
}
m["dra-kor"] = {
"Koraga",
33394,
"dra-tlk",
}
m["dra-mal"] = {
"Malayalamoid",
6741581,
"dra-tml",
}
m["dra-mdy"] = {
"Madiya",
27602,
"dra-gon",
}
m["dra-mlo"] = {
"Malto",
nil,
"dra-kml",
}
m["dra-mur"] = {
"Muria",
6938499,
"dra-gon",
}
m["dra-nor"] = {
"North Dravidian",
16110967,
"dra",
}
m["dra-pgd"] = {
"Parji-Gadaba",
10620428,
"dra-cen",
}
m["dra-sdo"] = {
"South Dravidian I",
16112843, -- Wikipedia's "South Dravidian" is South Dravidian I in this scheme.
"dra-sou",
aliases = {"South Dravidian"}, -- This is why I and II are used.
}
m["dra-sdt"] = {
"South Dravidian II",
12633975,
"dra-sou",
aliases = {"South-Central Dravidian"},
}
m["dra-sou"] = {
"South Dravidian",
128886618,
"dra",
aliases = {"Southern Dravidian"},
}
m["dra-tam"] = {
"Tamiloid",
7681417,
"dra-tml",
protoLanguage = "oty",
}
m["dra-tel"] = {
"Teluguic",
nil,
"dra-sdt",
protoLanguage = "dra-ote",
}
m["dra-tkd"] = {
"Tamil-Kodagu",
25494510,
"dra-tkn",
}
m["dra-tkn"] = {
"Tamil-Kannada",
6478506,
"dra-sdo",
}
m["dra-tkt"] = {
"Toda-Kota",
67983857,
"dra-tkd",
}
m["dra-tlk"] = {
"Tulu-Koraga",
nil,
"dra-sdo",
}
m["dra-tml"] = {
"Tamil-Malayalam",
10690507,
"dra-tkd",
}
m["egx"] = {
"Egyptian",
50868,
"afa",
protoLanguage = "egy",
}
m["ero"] = {
"Horpa",
56854,
"sit-wgy",
}
m["esx"] = {
"Eskimo-Aleut",
25946,
}
m["esx-esk"] = {
"Eskimo",
25946,
"esx",
}
m["esx-inu"] = {
"Inuit",
27796,
"esx-esk",
}
m["euq"] = {
"Vasconic",
4669240,
}
m["gba"] = {
"Gbaya",
3099986,
"alv-sav",
}
m["gba-eas"] = {
"Eastern Gbaya",
nil,
"gba",
}
m["gba-sou"] = {
"Southern Gbaya",
nil,
"gba",
}
m["gba-wes"] = {
"Western Gbaya",
nil,
"gba",
}
m["gem"] = {
"Hermaniko", --TLCHANGE
21200,
"ine",
english_name = "Germanic", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Germánico", --TLCHANGE
}
m["gio"] = {
"Gelao",
56401,
"qfa-kra",
}
m["gme"] = {
"East Germanic",
108662,
"gem",
}
m["gmq"] = {
"North Germanic",
106085,
"gem",
}
m["gmq-eas"] = {
"East Scandinavian",
3090263,
"gmq",
protoLanguage = "non-oen",
}
m["gmq-ins"] = {
"Insular Scandinavian",
nil,
"gmq-wes",
}
m["gmq-wes"] = {
"West Scandinavian",
1792570,
"gmq",
protoLanguage = "non-own",
}
m["gmw"] = {
"Kanlurang Hermaniko", --TLCHANGE
26721,
"gem",
english_name = "West Germanic", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Germánico occidental", --TLCHANGE
}
m["gmw-afr"] = {
"Angglofrisyo", --TLCHANGE
5329170,
"gmw-nsg",
english_name = "Anglo-Frisian", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Anglofrisio", --TLCHANGE
}
m["gmw-ang"] = {
"Anggliko", --TLCHANGE
1346342,
"gmw-afr",
protoLanguage = "ang",
english_name = "Anglic", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Ánglico", --TLCHANGE
}
m["gmw-fri"] = {
"Frisian",
25325,
"gmw-afr",
protoLanguage = "ofs",
}
m["gmw-frk"] = {
"Mababang Frankonyo", --TLCHANGE
153050,
"gmw",
protoLanguage = "frk",
english_name = "Low Franconian", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Bajofranconio", --TLCHANGE
}
m["gmw-hgm"] = {
"Mataas na Hermaniko", --TLCHANGE
52040,
"gmw",
protoLanguage = "goh",
english_name = "High German", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Altogermánico", --TLCHANGE
}
m["gmw-ian"] = {
"Irish Anglo-Norman",
120719384,
"gmw-ang",
protoLanguage = "enm",
}
m["gmw-lgm"] = {
"Mababang Hermaniko", --TLCHANGE
25433,
"gmw-nsg",
protoLanguage = "osx",
english_name = "Low German", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Bajogermánico", --TLCHANGE
}
m["gmw-nsg"] = {
"Hermaniko Dagat Hilaga", --TLCHANGE
30134,
"gmw",
aliases = {"Ingvaeonic"},
english_name = "North Sea Germanic",
spanish_name = "Germánico del mar del norte", --TLCHANGE
}
m["gn"] = {
"Guarani",
35876,
"tup-gua",
aliases = {"Guaraní"},
}
m["grb"] = {
"Grebo proper",
35257,
"kro-grb",
}
m["grk"] = {
"Hellenic",
2042538,
"ine",
aliases = {"Greek"},
}
m["him"] = {
"Western Pahari",
10939493,
"inc-pah",
aliases = {"Himachali"},
}
m["hmn"] = {
"Hmongic",
3307894,
"hmx",
}
m["hmx"] = {
"Hmong-Mien",
33322,
aliases = {"Miao-Yao"},
}
m["hmx-mie"] = {
"Mienic",
7992695,
"hmx",
}
m["hok"] = {
"Hokan",
33406,
}
m["hyx"] = {
"Armenian",
8785,
"ine",
}
m["iir"] = {
"Indo-Iranian",
33514,
"ine",
}
m["iir-nur"] = {
"Nuristani",
161804,
"iir",
}
m["nur-nor"] = {
"Northern Nuristani",
nil,
"iir-nur",
}
m["nur-sou"] = {
"Southern Nuristani",
nil,
"iir-nur",
}
m["ijo"] = {
"Ijoid",
1325759,
"nic",
other_names = {"Ijaw"}, -- Ijaw may be a subfamily
}
m["inc"] = {
"Indo-Aryan",
33577,
"iir",
aliases = {"Indic"},
}
m["inc-bas"] = {
"Bengali-Assamese",
4179137,
"inc-eas",
aliases = {"Assamese-Bengali", "Gauda-Kamarupa"},
}
m["inc-bhi"] = {
"Bhil",
4901727,
"inc-cen",
}
m["inc-bih"] = {
"Bihari",
135305,
"inc-eas",
}
m["inc-cen"] = {
"Central Indo-Aryan",
10979187,
"inc",
protoLanguage = "inc-asa",
}
m["inc-chi"] = {
"Chitrali",
11732797,
"inc-dar",
}
m["inc-dar"] = {
"Dardic",
161101,
"inc",
protoLanguage = "inc-ash",
}
m["inc-dre"] = {
"Eastern Dardic",
nil,
"inc-dar",
}
m["inc-dng"] = {
"Dangari",
nil,
"inc-shn",
}
m["inc-eas"] = {
"Eastern Indo-Aryan",
12593391,
"inc",
protoLanguage = "inc-aav",
}
m["inc-hal"] = {
"Halbic",
16910593,
"inc-eas",
aliases = {"Halbi"},
}
m["inc-hie"] = {
"Eastern Hindi",
4126648,
"inc-cen",
aliases = {"Purabiyā"},
protoLanguage = "inc-apa",
}
m["inc-hiw"] = {
"Western Hindi",
12600937,
"inc-cen",
protoLanguage = "inc-ohi",
}
m["inc-hnd"] = {
"Hindustani",
11051,
"inc-hiw",
aliases = {"Hindi-Urdu"},
protoLanguage = "hi-mid",
}
m["inc-ins"] = {
"Insular Indo-Aryan",
12179302,
"inc",
protoLanguage = "inc-apa",
}
m["inc-kas"] = {
"Kashmiric",
nil,
"inc-dre",
aliases = {"Kashmiri"},
}
m["inc-koh"] = {
"Kohistani",
13018610,
"inc-dre",
}
m["inc-krd"] = {
"KRDS languages",
6356154,
"inc-eas",
aliases = {"Kamta, Rajbanshi, Deshi and Surjapuri", "KRNB languages", "Kamta, Rajbanshi and Northern Deshi Bangla"},
}
m["inc-kun"] = {
"Kunar",
nil,
"inc-dar",
}
m["inc-mid"] = {
"Middle Indo-Aryan",
3236316,
"inc",
aliases = {"Middle Indic"},
}
m["inc-nwe"] = {
"Northwestern Indo-Aryan",
16111018,
"inc",
protoLanguage = "inc-apa",
}
m["inc-nor"] = {
"Northern Indo-Aryan",
946077,
"inc",
protoLanguage = "inc-aka",
}
m["inc-old"] = {
"Old Indo-Aryan",
118976896,
"inc",
aliases = {"Old Indic"},
}
m["inc-pah"] = {
"Pahari",
946077,
"inc-nor",
aliases = {"Pahadi"},
protoLanguage = "inc-aka",
}
m["inc-pan"] = {
"Punjabic",
2656685,
"inc-nwe",
aliases = {"Greater Punjabic"},
protoLanguage = "inc-opa",
}
m["inc-pas"] = {
"Pashayi",
36670,
"inc-dar",
aliases = {"Pashai"},
}
m["inc-rom"] = {
"Romani",
13201,
"inc-wes",
aliases = {"Romany", "Gypsy", "Gipsy"},
}
m["inc-shn"] = {
"Shinaic",
12646125,
"inc-dre",
}
m["inc-snd"] = {
"Sindhic",
7522212,
"inc-nwe",
protoLanguage = "inc-avr",
}
m["inc-sou"] = {
"Southern Indo-Aryan",
10856062,
"inc",
protoLanguage = "inc-ama",
}
m["inc-tha"] = {
"Tharu",
34035,
"inc-eas",
}
m["inc-wes"] = {
"Western Indo-Aryan",
nil,
"inc",
protoLanguage = "inc-agu",
}
m["ine"] = {
"Indoeuropeo", --TLCHANGE
19860,
aliases = {"Indo-Germanic"},
english_name = "Indo-European", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Indoeuropeo", --TLCHANGE
}
m["ine-ana"] = {
"Anatolian",
147085,
"ine",
}
m["ine-bsl"] = {
"Balto-Slavic",
147356,
"ine",
}
m["ine-toc"] = {
"Tocharian",
37029,
"ine",
aliases = {"Tokharian"},
}
m["ira"] = {
"Iranian",
33527,
"iir",
}
m["ira-csp"] = {
"Caspian",
5049123,
"ira-mpr",
}
m["ira-cen"] = {
"Central Iranian",
nil,
"ira",
}
m["ira-kms"] = {
"Komisenian",
nil,
"ira-mpr",
aliases = {"Semnani"},
}
m["ine-luw"] = {
"Luwic",
115748615,
"ine-ana",
aliases = {"Luvic"},
}
m["ira-mid"] = {
"Middle Iranian",
6841465,
"ira",
}
m["ira-mny"] = {
"Munji-Yidgha",
nil,
"ira-sym",
aliases = {"Yidgha-Munji"},
}
m["ira-msh"] = {
"Mazanderani-Shahmirzadi",
nil,
"ira-csp",
}
m["ira-nei"] = {
"Northeastern Iranian",
10775567,
"ira",
}
m["ira-nwi"] = {
"Northwestern Iranian",
390576,
"ira-wes",
}
m["ira-old"] = {
"Old Iranian",
23301845,
"ira",
}
m["ira-orp"] = {
"Ormuri-Parachi",
nil,
"ira-sei",
}
m["ira-pat"] = {
"Pathan",
nil,
"ira-sei",
}
m["ira-sbc"] = {
"Sogdo-Bactrian",
nil,
"ira-nei",
}
m["ira-mpr"] = {
"Medo-Parthian",
nil,
"ira-nwi",
aliases = {"Partho-Median"},
}
m["ira-sgi"] = {
"Sanglechi-Ishkashimi",
18711232,
"ira-sei",
}
m["ira-shr"] = {
"Shughni-Roshani",
11732824,
"ira-shy",
}
m["ira-shy"] = {
"Shughni-Yazghulami",
nil,
"ira-sym",
}
m["ira-sgc"] = {
"Sogdic",
nil,
"ira-sbc",
aliases = {"Sogdian"},
}
m["ira-sei"] = {
"Southeastern Iranian",
3833002,
"ira",
}
m["ira-swi"] = {
"Southwestern Iranian",
390424,
"ira-wes",
}
m["ira-sym"] = {
"Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji",
nil,
"ira-sei",
}
m["ira-wes"] = {
"Western Iranian",
129850,
"ira",
}
m["ira-zgr"] = {
"Zaza-Gorani",
167854,
"ira-mpr",
aliases = {"Zaza-Gurani", "Gorani-Zaza"},
}
m["iro"] = {
"Iroquoian",
33623,
}
m["iro-nor"] = {
"North Iroquoian",
nil,
"iro",
}
m["itc"] = {
"Italiko", --TLCHANGE
131848,
"ine",
english_name = "Italic", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Itálico", --TLCHANGE
}
m["itc-laf"] = {
"Latino-Faliscan",
33478,
"itc",
aliases = {"Latinian"},
}
m["itc-sbl"] = {
"Osco-Umbrian",
515194,
"itc",
aliases = {"Sabellic", "Sabellian"},
}
m["jpx"] = {
"Haponiko",
33612,
aliases = {"Japanese", "Japanese-Ryukyuan"},
english_name = "Japonic", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Japónico", --TLCHANGE
}
m["jpx-nry"] = {
"Kahilagaang Ryukyuwense", --TLCHANGE
20862796,
"jpx-ryu",
english_name = "Northern Ryukyuan", --TLCHANGE
}
m["jpx-ryu"] = {
"Ryukyuwense", --TLCHANGE
56393,
"jpx",
english_name = "Ryukyuan", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Ryukyuense", --TLCHANGE
}
m["jpx-sry"] = {
"Katimugang Ryukyuwense", --TLCHANGE
18392243,
"jpx-ryu",
english_name = "Southern Ryukyuan", --TLCHANGE
}
m["kar"] = {
"Karen",
1364815,
"sit",
}
m["kca"] = {
"Khanty",
33563,
"urj-ugr",
aliases = {"Khantyic", "Khantic"},
}
--[=[
Exceptional language and family codes for Khoisan and Kordofanian languages can use
the prefix "khi-" and "kdo-" respectively, though they are no longer family codes themselves.
]=]--
m["khi-kal"] = {
"Kalahari Khoe",
nil,
"khi-kho",
}
m["khi-khk"] = {
"Khoekhoe",
nil,
"khi-kho",
}
m["khi-kkw"] = {
"Khoe-Kwadi",
60785084,
aliases = {"Kwadi-Khoe"},
}
m["khi-kho"] = {
"Khoe",
2736449,
"khi-kkw",
aliases = {"Central Khoisan"},
}
m["khi-kxa"] = {
"Kx'a",
6450587,
aliases = {"Kxa", "Ju-ǂHoan"},
}
m["khi-tuu"] = {
"Tuu",
631046,
aliases = {"Kwi", "Taa-Kwi", "Southern Khoisan", "Taa-ǃKwi", "Taa-ǃUi", "ǃUi-Taa"},
}
m["kro"] = {
"Kru",
33535,
"nic-vco",
}
m["kro-aiz"] = {
"Aizi",
4699431,
"kro",
}
m["kro-bet"] = {
"Bété",
32956,
"kro-ekr",
}
m["kro-did"] = {
"Dida",
32685,
"kro-ekr",
}
m["kro-ekr"] = {
"Eastern Kru",
5972899,
"kro",
}
m["kro-grb"] = {
"Grebo",
5601537,
"kro-wkr",
}
m["kro-wee"] = {
"Wee",
nil,
"kro-wkr",
}
m["kro-wkr"] = {
"Western Kru",
5972897,
"kro",
}
m["ku"] = {
"Kurdo", --TLCHANGE
36368,
"ira-nwi",
english_name = "Kurdish", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Kurdo", --TLCHANGE
}
m["kv"] = {
"Komi",
36126, -- "Komi language" in Wikipedia but refers specifically to Komi-Zyrian; no Wikidata item for Komi family
"urj-prm",
}
m["map"] = {
"Awstronesyo", --TLCHANGE
49228,
is_official_kwf_name = "https://www.facebook.com/share/p/1BVD5EcS79/", --TLCHANGE
english_name = "Austronesian", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Austronesio", --TLCHANGE
}
m["map-ata"] = {
"Atayalic",
716610,
"map",
}
m["mjg"] = {
"Monguor",
34214,
"xgn-shr",
}
m["mkh"] = {
"Mon-Khmer",
33199,
"aav",
}
m["mkh-asl"] = {
"Aslian",
3111082,
"mkh",
}
m["mkh-ban"] = {
"Bahnaric",
56309,
"mkh",
}
m["mkh-kat"] = {
"Katuic",
56697,
"mkh",
}
m["mkh-khm"] = {
"Khmuic",
1323245,
"mkh",
}
m["mkh-kmr"] = {
"Khmeric",
nil,
"mkh",
}
m["mkh-mnc"] = {
"Monic",
3217497,
"mkh",
}
m["mkh-mng"] = {
"Mangic",
3509556,
"mkh",
}
m["mkh-nbn"] = {
"North Bahnaric",
56309,
"mkh-ban",
}
m["mkh-pal"] = {
"Palaungic",
2391173,
"mkh",
}
m["mkh-pea"] = {
"Pearic",
3073022,
"mkh",
}
m["mkh-pkn"] = {
"Pakanic",
nil,
"mkh-mng",
}
m["mkh-vie"] = {
"Vietic",
2355546,
"mkh",
}
m["mno"] = {
"Manobo",
3217483,
"phi",
}
m["mns"] = {
"Mansi",
33759,
"urj-ugr",
aliases = {"Mansic"},
}
m["mun"] = {
"Munda",
33892,
"aav",
}
m["myn"] = {
"Mayan",
33738,
}
--[=[
Exceptional language and family codes for North American Indian languages
can use the prefix "nai-", though "nai" is no longer itself a family code.
]=]--
m["nai-cat"] = {
"Catawban",
3446638,
"nai-sca",
}
m["nai-chu"] = {
"Chumashan",
1288420,
}
m["nai-ckn"] = {
"Chinookan",
610586,
}
m["nai-coo"] = {
"Coosan",
940278,
}
m["nai-jcq"] = {
"Jicaquean",
12179308,
"hok"
}
m["nai-ker"] = {
"Keresan",
35878,
}
m["nai-klp"] = {
"Kalapuyan",
1569040,
}
m["nai-kta"] = {
"Kiowa-Tanoan",
386288,
}
m["nai-len"] = {
"Lencan",
36189,
aliases = {"Lenca"},
}
m["nai-mdu"] = {
"Maiduan",
33502,
}
m["nai-miz"] = {
"Mixe-Zoquean",
954016,
aliases = {"Mixe-Zoque"},
}
m["nai-min"] = {
"Misumalpan",
281693,
"qfa-mch",
aliases = {"Misuluan", "Misumalpa"},
}
m["nai-mus"] = {
"Muskogean",
902978,
aliases = {"Muskhogean"},
}
m["nai-pak"] = {
"Pakawan",
65085487,
"hok",
}
m["nai-pal"] = {
"Palaihnihan",
1288332,
}
m["nai-plp"] = {
"Plateau Penutian",
2307476,
}
m["nai-pom"] = {
"Pomoan",
2618420,
"hok",
aliases = {"Pomo", "Kulanapan"},
}
m["nai-sca"] = {
"Siouan-Catawban",
34181,
}
m["nai-shp"] = {
"Sahaptian",
114782,
"nai-plp",
}
m["nai-shs"] = {
"Shastan",
2991735,
"hok",
}
m["nai-tot"] = {
"Totozoquean",
7828419,
}
m["nai-ttn"] = {
"Totonacan",
34039,
aliases = {"Totonac-Tepehua", "Totonacan-Tepehuan"},
varieties = {"Totonac"},
}
m["nai-tqn"] = {
"Tequistlatecan",
1568317,
"hok",
aliases = {"Tequistlatec", "Chontal", "Chontalan", "Oaxacan Chontal", "Chontal of Oaxaca"},
}
m["nai-tsi"] = {
"Tsimshianic",
34134,
}
m["nai-utn"] = {
"Utian",
13371763,
"nai-you",
aliases = {"Miwok-Costanoan", "Mutsun"},
}
m["nai-wtq"] = {
"Wintuan",
1294259,
aliases = {"Wintun"},
}
m["nai-xin"] = {
"Xincan",
1546494,
aliases = {"Xinca"},
}
m["nai-ykn"] = {
"Yukian",
2406722,
aliases = {"Yuki-Wappo"},
}
m["nai-you"] = {
"Yok-Utian",
2886186,
}
m["nai-yuc"] = {
"Yuman-Cochimí",
579137,
}
m["ngf"] = {
"Trans-New Guinea",
34018,
}
m["ngf-ais"] = {
"Aisian",
nil,
"ngf-eso",
}
m["ngf-ang"] = {
"Angan",
3217366,
"ngf",
aliases = {"Kratke Range"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-ank"] = {
"Angal-Kewa",
12626916, -- exist in dewiki and hrwiki
"ngf-sak",
}
m["ngf-ask"] = {
"Asmat-Kamoro",
3031400,
"ngf",
-- Wikipedia uses Asmat-Kamoro to refer to a narrower group excluding the Sabakor languages (Buruwai and Kamberau,
-- which Glottolog splits into North Kamrau and South Kamrau [sic]), and uses Asmat-Kamrau to refer to what we and
-- Glottolog call Asmat-Kamoro. Glottolog does not recognize the narrower grouping.
aliases = {"Asmat-Kamrau", -- Wikipedia
"Asmat-Kamrau Bay", -- Usher
},
}
m["ngf-asm"] = {
"Asmat",
4807421,
"ngf-ask",
}
m["ngf-ata"] = {
"Ankave-Tainae-Akoye",
nil,
"ngf-ang",
aliases = {"Southwest Kratke Range"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-awd"] = {
"Awyu-Dumut", -- [[w:Awyu-Dumut languages]] redirects to [[w:Greater Awyu languages]]
4830163, -- exist in eswiki, hrwiki and ruwiki
"ngf-gaw",
aliases = {"Central Digul River"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-awy"] = {
"Awyu",
96372866,
"ngf-awd",
}
m["ngf-bda"] = {
"Becking-Dawi",
nil, -- Q55993716 ([[Category:Becking–Dawi languages]]) exists in enwiki
"ngf-gaw",
aliases = {"Becking and Dawi Rivers"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-bin"] = {
"Binanderean",
3217374, -- Wikidata doesn't distinguish Binanderean from Greater Binanderean
"ngf-gbi",
aliases = {"Oro"}, -- Usher (2020)
}
m["ngf-boa"] = {
"Boane",
nil,
"ngf-era",
aliases = {"Boana", -- Glottolog's name
"Wain"}, -- not in Usher; "Wain" often excludes Mungkip, perhaps because it's poorly documented
}
m["ngf-bos"] = {
"Bosavi",
4947122,
"ngf",
aliases = {"Papuan Plateau"}, -- alternative name given by Wikipedia
}
m["ngf-bsi"] = {
"Baruya-Simbari",
nil,
"ngf-ang",
aliases = {"Northwest Kratke Range"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-cda"] = {
"Central Dani",
nil,
"ngf-dan",
aliases = {"Dani"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-chw"] = {
"Chimbu-Wahgi",
3217383,
"ngf",
aliases = {"Simbu-Western Highlands"}, -- alternative name given by Wikipedia
}
m["ngf-dag"] = {
"Dagan",
5208454,
"ngf", -- not accepted as TNG by Glottolog but accepted by all others
aliases = {"Meneao Range"},
}
m["ngf-dal"] = {
"Dallman",
nil,
"ngf-huo",
aliases = {"Kinalakna-Kumukio", -- Pawley-Hammarström, who exclude Nomu, but they only had a numeral list of that language to work from
"Northeast Huon", -- Usher
},
}
m["ngf-dan"] = {
"Dani",
3217389,
"ngf",
-- Wikipedia renames the Dani languages to the Baliem Valley languages and sometimes (but not consistently)
-- reserves the name Dani (or "Dani proper") for a narrower group excluding Wano and the poorly attested Ngalik
-- languages (Nduga, Silimo, and the Yali dialect cluster, which we, following Ethnologue and Glottolog, split into
-- Anggurk Yali, Ninia Yali and Pass Valley Yali). Glottolog does not recognize the narrower grouping.
aliases = {"Baliem Valley", -- Wikipedia
"Balim Valley", -- Usher
},
}
m["ngf-dum"] = {
"Dumut", -- [[w:Dumut languages]] redirects to [[w:Greater Awyu languages]]
nil,
"ngf-awd",
aliases = {"Wambon"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-ehu"] = {
"Eastern Huon", -- Glottolog adds Ono and Sialum, Pawley-Hammarström adds Dedua
10567087,
"ngf-huo",
aliases = {"East Huon"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-eku"] = {
"East Kutubuan",
5328752,
"ngf", -- Not in TNG per Glottolog but accepted by all others. Sometimes grouped with Fasu to form a Kutubuan family.
aliases = {"East Kutubu"}, -- Glottolog's name
}
m["ngf-enc"] = {
"Engic",
nil,
"ngf-eng",
aliases = {"Engan", -- Glottolog
"Engan proper", -- Wikipedia
"North Engan", -- alternative name given by Wikipedia
"Trans-Enga", -- Usher
},
}
m["ngf-eng"] = {
"Engan",
3217449,
"ngf",
aliases = {"Enga-Kewa-Huli", -- Glottolog, Pawley-Hammarström
"Enga-Southern Highlands", -- Usher
},
}
m["ngf-era"] = {
"Erap",
nil,
"ngf-fin",
aliases = {"Erap River"}, -- Usher?
}
m["ngf-eso"] = {
"East Sogeram",
nil,
"ngf-sog",
}
m["ngf-est"] = {
"East Strickland",
5329440,
"ngf",
aliases = {"Strickland River"}, -- alternative name given by Wikipedia
}
m["ngf-eva"] = {
"Evapia",
nil,
"ngf-rai",
aliases = {"Evapia River"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-fgi"] = {
"Fore-Gimi",
nil,
"ngf-gor",
aliases = {"South Goroka"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-fhu"] = {
"Finisterre-Huon",
3217453,
"ngf",
aliases = {"Finisterre Range-Huon Peninsula"}, -- per Usher
}
m["ngf-fin"] = {
"Finisterre",
5450373,
"ngf-fhu",
aliases = {"Finisterre-Saruwaged", -- Glottolog's name
"Finisterre Range"}, -- per Usher
}
m["ngf-gah"] = {
"Gahuku",
nil,
"ngf-gor",
aliases = {"Alekano-Asaro River"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-gau"] = {
"Gauwa",
nil,
"ngf-kai",
aliases = {"West Kainantu"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-gaw"] = {
"Greater Awyu",
12627424,
"ngf",
aliases = {"Digul River"}, -- used by Usher (2020)
}
m["ngf-gbi"] = {
"Greater Binanderean",
3217374, -- Wikidata doesn't distinguish Binanderean from Greater Binanderean
"ngf", -- not placed in Trans-New Guinea in Usher (2020)
aliases = {"Guhu-Oro"}, -- Guhu-Oro is used in Usher (2020)
}
m["ngf-gko"] = {
"Gaena-Korafe",
11732347, -- considered a single Korafe language by Wikipedia
"ngf-bin",
aliases = {"Gaina-Korafe"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-gmo"] = {
"Gusap-Mot",
16110857,
"ngf-fin",
aliases = {"Mot River"}, -- Usher?
}
m["ngf-gor"] = {
"Goroka",
15478597,
"ngf-kgo",
}
m["ngf-gsu"] = {
"Gogodala-Suki",
5577428,
"ngf", -- Possibly in the proposed Papuan Gulf family. Not in TNG per Glottolog but accepted by all others.
aliases = {"Suki-Gogodala", -- Glottolog's name
"Suki-Aramia River", -- Used in Usher (2020)
},
}
m["ngf-gum"] = {
"Gum",
5618008,
"ngf-mab",
}
m["ngf-gvd"] = {
"Grand Valley Dani", -- considered a single language by Wikipedia
5595219,
"ngf-cda",
}
m["ngf-hag"] = {
"Hagen", -- [[w:Hagen languages]] redirects to [[w:Chimbu–Wahgi languages]]
nil,
"ngf-chw",
aliases = {"Melpa-Kaugel River"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-han"] = {
"Hanseman",
5651020,
"ngf-mab",
aliases = {"Hansemann Range"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-huo"] = {
"Huon",
5946109,
"ngf-fhu",
aliases = {"Huon Peninsula"}, -- per Usher
}
m["ngf-jim"] = {
"Jimi", -- [[w:Jimi languages]] and [[w:Jimi River languages]] redirect to [[w:Chimbu–Wahgi languages]]
nil,
"ngf-chw",
aliases = {"Jimi River"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-kab"] = {
"Kabwum",
nil,
"ngf-huo",
aliases = {"Timbe-Selepet-Komba", -- Pawley-Hammarström,
"Northwest Huon", -- Usher
},
}
m["ngf-kai"] = {
"Kainantu", -- Kambaira: under "unclassified Kainantu" (Glottolog), Tairora (Pawley-Hammarström), Gauwa (Usher)
15478590,
"ngf-kgo",
aliases = {"Gadsup-Auyana-Awa-Tairora"}, -- Wurm,
}
m["ngf-kak"] = {
"Kalam-Kobon",
6350303,
"ngf-ksa",
aliases = {"Kalam",
"Kaironk River"}, -- Usher (2020)
}
m["ngf-kau"] = {
"Kaukombar",
nil,
"ngf-nad",
aliases = {"Kaukombaran", -- Glottolog following Z'graggen (1975)
"Kaukombar River"}, -- Usher's term
}
m["ngf-kbm"] = {
"Kosorong-Burum-Mindik",
nil,
"ngf-huo",
aliases = {"Bulum River"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-kgo"] = {
"Kainantu-Goroka",
3217463,
"ngf",
aliases = {"Eastern Highlands"}, -- per Usher (2020)
}
m["ngf-khu"] = {
"Kewa-Huli",
nil,
"ngf-eng",
aliases = {"Huli-Southern Highlands"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-kma"] = {
"Kâte-Mape",
nil,
"ngf-ehu",
aliases = {"Kate-Mape-Sene", -- Pawley-Hammarström (with Sene),
"Southeast Huon", -- Usher
},
}
m["ngf-kme"] = {
"Kapau-Menya",
nil,
"ngf-ang",
aliases = {"Southeast Kratke Range"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-koi"] = {
"Koiarian",
11154240,
"ngf", -- not accepted as TNG by Glottolog but accepted by all others
aliases = {"Koiari-Managalas Plateau"},
}
m["ngf-kok"] = {
"Kokon", -- Usher calls it South Mabuso but includes Gum in it
nil,
"ngf-mab",
}
m["ngf-kow"] = {
"Kowan",
6435004,
"ngf-mad",
aliases = {"Isumrud Strait"}, -- per Usher (2020)
}
m["ngf-ksa"] = {
"Kalam-Southern Adelbert",
nil,
"ngf-mad",
aliases = {"Kalamic-South Adelbert", -- Glottolog
"West Madang"}, -- Usher (2020)
}
m["ngf-kto"] = {
"Kube-Tobo", -- per Glottolog, one language "Kulungtfu-Yuanggeng-Tobo"
1173235, -- code for Tobo-Kube language
"ngf-huo",
aliases = {"Tobo-Kube"},
}
m["ngf-kts"] = {
"Komyandaret-Tsaukambo",
nil,
"ngf-bda",
aliases = {"Becking River"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-kum"] = {
"Kumil",
nil,
"ngf-nad",
aliases = {"Kumilan", -- Pawley-Hammarström following Z'graggen (1975)
"Kumil River"}, -- Usher's term
}
m["ngf-kya"] = {
"Kamano-Yagaria",
nil,
"ngf-gor",
aliases = {"Henganofi", -- Usher
"Kamano-Yagaria-Keigana",
},
}
m["ngf-lok"] = {
"Lowland Ok",
nil,
"ngf-okk",
}
m["ngf-mab"] = {
"Mabuso",
6721668,
"ngf-mad",
}
m["ngf-mad"] = {
"Madang",
11217556,
"ngf",
aliases = {"Madang-Adelbert Range"}, -- Z'graggen (1975), corresponding to today's Madang except in lacking Kalam and Gants
}
m["ngf-mek"] = {
"Mek",
6810515,
"ngf",
aliases = {"Goliath"}, -- outdated alternative name given by Wikipedia
}
m["ngf-min"] = {
"Mindjim",
86749913,
"ngf-mad",
aliases = {"Lower Minjim", -- Glottolog, placed in Rai Coast by Glottolog and Pawley-Hammarström; Glottolog's
-- Mindjim has 6 languages, including "Upper Minjim" (Rerau and Sgi Bara)
"Mindjim River", -- Usher
"Minjim", "Minjim River",
},
}
-- Add if Molet is separated from Asaro'o
-- m["ngf-moa"] = {
-- "Molet-Asaro'o",
-- nil,
-- "ngf-war",
-- }
m["ngf-mok"] = {
"Mountain Ok", -- [[w:Mountain Ok languages]] redirects to [[w:Ok languages]]
nil,
"ngf-okk",
}
m["ngf-mom"] = {
"Mombum",
6897077,
"ngf", -- not accepted as TNG by Glottolog but accepted by all others
aliases = {"Mombum-Koneraw", "Komolom", "Muli Strait"}, -- Pawley-Hammarström uses Komolom, Usher uses Muli Strait
}
m["ngf-msu"] = {
"Mian-Suganga", -- considred a single Mian language by Wikipedia
12952846,
"ngf-mok",
aliases = {"Mianic"}, -- Glottolog
}
m["ngf-nad"] = {
"Northern Adelbert", -- not accepted by Pawley-Hammarström
16952821, -- code for Croisilles linkage
"ngf-mad",
aliases = {"Adelbert Range-Isumrud Strait", -- Usher (2020)
"North Adelbert",
"Pihom-Isumrud"}, -- Ross?
}
m["ngf-nbi"] = {
"North Binanderean",
nil,
"ngf-bin",
aliases = {"Suena-Zia"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-nde"] = {
"Ndeiram", -- [[w:Ndeiram River languages]] redirects to [[w:Greater Awyu languages]]
nil,
"ngf-awd",
aliases = {"Ndeiram River"}, -- Usher?
}
m["ngf-ngn"] = {
"Ngalik-Nduga", -- [[w:Ngalik languages]] redirects to [[w:Baliem Valley languages]] = Dani languages
nil,
"ngf-dan",
aliases = {"Ngalik"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-nso"] = {
"North Sogeram",
nil,
"ngf-sog",
aliases = {"Mum-Sirva", -- Usher
"North Central Sogeram", -- used by those who accept Central Sogeram (= North Sogeram + Apali and Manat)
"North-Central Sogeram", -- rarer than without the dash
"Sikan"}, -- Z’graggen (1975?)
}
m["ngf-num"] = {
"Numugen",
nil,
"ngf-nad",
aliases = {"Numugenan", -- Glottolog following Z'graggen 1975
"Numugen River"}, -- Usher's term
}
m["ngf-nur"] = {
"Nuru", -- Usher excludes Yangulam, Pawley-Hammarström include Jilim and Rerau
nil,
"ngf-rai",
aliases = {"Nuru River"}, -- Usher?
}
m["ngf-nwh"] = {
"Northwest Hanseman", -- Usher
nil,
"ngf-han",
aliases = {"Wamas-Samosa-Murupi-Mosimo"}, -- Glottolog, Greenhill, and Pawley-Hammarström following Z'graggen; the most common name, but very unwieldy
}
m["ngf-oen"] = {
"Outer Engan", -- considered a single Nete language by Wikipedia
6998869,
"ngf-enc",
aliases = {"Nete-Bisorio"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-okk"] = {
"Ok",
7081687,
"ngf",
}
m["ngf-omo"] = {
"Omosan", -- not included in (Greater) Northern Adelbert by Glottolog, but a sister
nil,
"ngf-nad",
}
m["ngf-oro"] = {
"Orokaivic",
7103752, -- considered a single Orokaiva language by Wikipedia
"ngf-bin",
aliases = {"Central Oro"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-pan"] = {
"Paniai Lakes",
6035631,
"ngf",
aliases = {"Wissel Lakes", "Wissel Lakes-Kemandoga River"}, -- alternative names given by Wikipedia
}
m["ngf-pek"] = {
"Peka",
nil,
"ngf-rai",
aliases = {"Peka River"}, -- Usher?
}
m["ngf-pom"] = {
"Pomoikan",
nil,
"ngf-sad",
}
m["ngf-rai"] = {
"Rai Coast",
7283663,
"ngf-mad",
aliases = {"South Madang"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-sab"] = {
"Sabakor", -- [[w:Sabakor languages]] redirects to [[w:Asmat–Kamrau languages]]
nil, -- 55994614 is for [[Category:Kamrau Bay languages]], which exists on enwiki
"ngf-ask",
aliases = {"Kamrau Bay"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-sad"] = {
"Southern Adelbert",
12633980,
"ngf-ksa",
aliases = {"South Adelbert", -- Glottolog
"Southern Adelbert Range", -- Z'graggen (1980)
"Sogeram and Tomul Rivers"}, -- Usher (2020)?
}
m["ngf-sak"] = {
"Sau-Angal-Kewa",
nil,
"ngf-khu",
aliases = {"Southern Highlands"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-san"] = {
"Sankwep",
nil,
"ngf-huo",
aliases = {"Nabak-Momolili", -- Pawley-Hammarström,
"Southwest Huon", -- Usher
},
}
m["ngf-sbh"] = {
"South Bird's Head",
7566330,
"ngf",
}
m["ngf-sim"] = {
"Simbu",
nil,
"ngf-chw",
}
m["ngf-sog"] = {
"Sogeram",
86750419,
"ngf-sad",
aliases = {"Sogeram River", -- Usher
"Wanang"},
}
m["ngf-sop"] = {
"Sopac",
nil,
"ngf-ehu",
aliases = {"Momare-Migabac", -- Pawley-Hammarström,
"Masaweng River", -- Usher
},
}
m["ngf-taa"] = {
"Tainae-Akoye",
nil,
"ngf-ata",
aliases = {"Akoye-Tainae"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-tai"] = {
"Tairora",
nil,
"ngf-kai",
aliases = {"Tairoric", -- Glottolog,
"East Kainantu", -- Usher
},
}
m["ngf-tib"] = {
"Tiboran",
nil,
"ngf-nad",
aliases = {"Nuclear Tibor", -- Glottolog, excluding Wanambre/Mokati
"Tiboran River", -- Usher (2020)
"Tibor", -- Pick (2020) and Glottolog including Wanambre/Mokati
}
}
m["ngf-tna"] = {
"Tangko-Nakai",
nil,
"ngf-okk",
aliases = {"Central Ok"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-uru"] = {
"Uruwa",
nil,
"ngf-fin",
aliases = {"Uruwa River"}, -- Usher?
}
m["ngf-usi"] = {
"Utu-Silopi",
nil,
"ngf-han",
aliases = {"Silopi-Utu"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-waa"] = {
"Wantoat-Awara", -- not in Usher but Wantoat and Awara form a dialect chain
nil,
"ngf-wan",
aliases = {"Awara-Wantoat"}, -- per Wikipedia
}
m["ngf-wah"] = {
"Wahgi", -- [[w:Wahgi languages]] redirects to [[w:Chimbu–Wahgi languages]]
nil,
"ngf-chw",
aliases = {"Wahgi Valley"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-wan"] = {
"Wantoatic",
nil,
"ngf-fin",
aliases = {"Wantoat",
"Wantoat River", -- Usher?
},
}
m["ngf-war"] = {
"Warup",
12645082,
"ngf-fin",
aliases = {"Warup River"}, -- Usher?
}
m["ngf-woj"] = {
"Wojokesic",
nil,
"ngf-ang",
aliases = {"Northeast Kratke Range"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-wok"] = {
"West Ok",
nil,
"ngf-okk",
aliases = {"Kwer-Kopkaka-Burumakok"}, -- Glottolog, Pawley-Hammarström
}
m["ngf-wso"] = {
"West Sogeram",
nil,
"ngf-sog",
aliases = {"Mand-Nend", -- Usher
"Atan", -- Wurm following Z'graggen
},
}
m["ngf-yag"] = {
"Yaganon", -- placed in Rai Coast by Glottolog and Pawley-Hammarström
35323986,
"ngf-mad",
aliases = {"Yaganon River"}, -- Usher
}
m["ngf-yal"] = {
"Yali", -- considered a single language by Wikipedia
8047468,
"ngf-ngn",
aliases = {"Ngalik"}, -- Glottolog, Pawley-Hammarström
}
m["ngf-yar"] = {
"Yareban",
16977672,
"ngf", -- not accepted as TNG by Glottolog but accepted by all others
aliases = {"Musa River"},
}
m["ngf-ynu"] = {
"Yau-Nungon",
12953319, -- for the single Yau language in Wikipedia ([[w:Yau language (Trans–New Guinea)]])
"ngf-uru",
}
m["ngf-yup"] = {
"Yupna",
nil,
"ngf-fin",
aliases = {"Yupna River"}, -- Usher?
}
m["nic"] = {
"Niger-Congo",
33838,
aliases = {"Niger-Kordofanian"},
}
m["nic-alu"] = {
"Alumic",
4737355,
"nic-plt",
}
m["nic-bas"] = {
"Basa",
4866154,
"nic-knj",
}
m["nic-bbe"] = {
"Eastern Beboid",
nil,
"nic-beb",
}
m["nic-bco"] = {
"Benue-Congo",
33253,
"nic-vco",
}
m["nic-bcr"] = {
"Bantoid-Cross",
806983,
"nic-bco",
}
m["nic-bdn"] = {
"Northern Bantoid",
nil,
"nic-bod",
aliases = {"North Bantoid"},
}
m["nic-bds"] = {
"Southern Bantoid",
3183152,
"nic-bod",
aliases = {"Wide Bantu", "Bin"},
}
m["nic-beb"] = {
"Beboid",
813549,
"nic-bds",
}
m["nic-ben"] = {
"Bendi",
4887065,
"nic-bcr",
}
m["nic-beo"] = {
"Beromic",
4894642,
"nic-plt",
}
m["nic-bod"] = {
"Bantoid",
806992,
"nic-bcr",
}
m["nic-buk"] = {
"Buli-Koma",
nil,
"nic-ovo",
}
m["nic-bwa"] = {
"Bwa",
12628562,
"nic-gur",
other_names = {"Bwamu", "Bomu"},
}
m["nic-cde"] = {
"Central Delta",
3813191,
"nic-cri",
}
m["nic-cri"] = {
"Cross River",
1141096,
"nic-bcr",
}
m["nic-dag"] = {
"Dagbani",
nil,
"nic-wov",
}
m["nic-dak"] = {
"Dakoid",
1157745,
"nic-bdn",
}
m["nic-dge"] = {
"Escarpment Dogon",
5397128,
"qfa-dgn",
}
m["nic-dgw"] = {
"West Dogon",
nil,
"qfa-dgn",
}
m["nic-eko"] = {
"Ekoid",
1323395,
"nic-bds",
}
m["nic-eov"] = {
"Eastern Oti-Volta",
nil,
"nic-ovo",
aliases = {"Samba"},
}
m["nic-fru"] = {
"Furu",
5509783,
"nic-bds",
}
m["nic-gne"] = {
"Eastern Gurunsi",
12633072,
"nic-gns",
aliases = {"Eastern Grũsi"},
}
m["nic-gnn"] = {
"Northern Gurunsi",
nil,
"nic-gns",
aliases = {"Northern Grũsi"},
}
m["nic-gnw"] = {
"Western Gurunsi",
nil,
"nic-gns",
aliases = {"Western Grũsi"},
}
m["nic-gns"] = {
"Gurunsi",
721007,
"nic-gur",
aliases = {"Grũsi"},
}
m["nic-gre"] = {
"Eastern Grassfields",
5330160,
"nic-grf",
}
m["nic-grf"] = {
"Grassfields",
750932,
"nic-bds",
aliases = {"Grassfields Bantu", "Wide Grassfields"},
}
m["nic-grm"] = {
"Gurma",
30587833,
"nic-ovo",
}
m["nic-grs"] = {
"Southwest Grassfields",
7571285,
"nic-grf",
}
m["nic-gur"] = {
"Gur",
33536,
"alv-sav",
aliases = {"Voltaic"},
}
m["nic-ief"] = {
"Ibibio-Efik",
2743643,
"nic-lcr",
}
m["nic-jer"] = {
"Jera",
nil,
"nic-kne",
}
m["nic-jkn"] = {
"Jukunoid",
1711622,
"nic-pla",
}
m["nic-jrn"] = {
"Jarawan",
1683430,
"nic-mba",
}
m["nic-jrw"] = {
"Jarawa",
35423,
"nic-jrn",
}
m["nic-kam"] = {
"Kambari",
6356294,
"nic-knj",
}
m["nic-ktl"] = {
"Katloid",
nil,
"nic",
}
m["nic-kau"] = {
"Kauru",
nil,
"nic-kne",
}
m["nic-kmk"] = {
"Kamuku",
6359821,
"nic-knj",
}
m["nic-kne"] = {
"East Kainji",
5328687,
"nic-knj",
}
m["nic-knj"] = {
"Kainji",
681495,
"nic-pla",
}
m["nic-knn"] = {
"Northwest Kainji",
7060098,
"nic-knj",
}
m["nic-ktl"] = {
"Katloid",
6377681,
"nic",
aliases = {"Katla", "Katla-Tima"},
}
m["nic-lcr"] = {
"Lower Cross River",
3813193,
"nic-cri",
}
m["nic-mam"] = {
"Mamfe",
2005898,
"nic-bds",
aliases = {"Nyang"},
}
m["nic-mba"] = {
"Mbam",
687826,
"nic-bds",
}
m["nic-mbc"] = {
"Mba",
6799561,
"nic-ubg",
}
m["nic-mbw"] = {
"West Mbam",
nil,
"nic-mba",
}
m["nic-mmb"] = {
"Mambiloid",
1888151,
other_names = {"North Bantoid"}, -- per Wikipedia, North Bantoid is the parent family
"nic-bdn",
}
m["nic-mom"] = {
"Momo",
6897393,
"nic-grf",
}
m["nic-mre"] = {
"Moré",
nil,
"nic-wov",
}
m["nic-ngd"] = {
"Ngbandi",
36439,
"nic-ubg",
}
m["nic-nge"] = {
"Ngemba",
7022271,
"nic-gre",
}
m["nic-ngk"] = {
"Ngbaka",
3217499,
"nic-ubg",
}
m["nic-nin"] = {
"Ninzic",
7039282,
"nic-plt",
}
m["nic-nka"] = {
"Nkambe",
7042520,
"nic-gre",
}
m["nic-nkb"] = {
"Baka",
nil,
"nic-nkw",
}
m["nic-nke"] = {
"Eastern Ngbaka",
nil,
"nic-ngk",
}
m["nic-nkg"] = {
"Gbanziri",
nil,
"nic-nkw",
}
m["nic-nkk"] = {
"Kpala",
nil,
"nic-nkw",
}
m["nic-nkm"] = {
"Mbaka",
nil,
"nic-nkw",
}
m["nic-nkw"] = {
"Western Ngbaka",
nil,
"nic-ngk",
}
m["nic-npd"] = {
"North Plateau Dogon",
nil,
"qfa-dgn",
}
m["nic-nun"] = {
"Nun",
13654297,
"nic-gre",
}
m["nic-nwa"] = {
"Nanga-Walo",
nil,
"qfa-dgn",
}
m["nic-ogo"] = {
"Ogoni",
2350726,
"nic-cri",
aliases = {"Ogonoid"},
}
m["nic-ovo"] = {
"Oti-Volta",
1157178,
"nic-gur",
}
m["nic-pla"] = {
"Platoid",
453244,
"nic-bco",
aliases = {"Central Nigerian"},
}
m["nic-plc"] = {
"Central Plateau",
5061668,
"nic-plt",
}
m["nic-pld"] = {
"Plains Dogon",
nil,
"qfa-dgn",
}
m["nic-ple"] = {
"East Plateau",
5329154,
"nic-plt",
}
m["nic-pls"] = {
"South Plateau",
7568236,
"nic-plt",
aliases = {"Jilic-Eggonic"},
}
m["nic-plt"] = {
"Plateau",
1267471,
"nic-pla",
}
m["nic-ras"] = {
"Rashad",
3401986,
"nic",
}
m["nic-rnc"] = {
"Central Ring",
nil,
"nic-rng",
}
m["nic-rng"] = {
"Ring",
2269051,
"nic-grf",
aliases = {"Ring Road"},
}
m["nic-rnn"] = {
"Northern Ring",
nil,
"nic-rng",
}
m["nic-rnw"] = {
"Western Ring",
nil,
"nic-rng",
}
m["nic-ser"] = {
"Sere",
7453058,
"nic-ubg",
}
m["nic-shi"] = {
"Shiroro",
7498953,
"nic-knj",
aliases = {"Pongu"},
}
m["nic-sis"] = {
"Sisaala",
36532,
"nic-gnw",
}
m["nic-tar"] = {
"Tarokoid",
2394472,
"nic-plt",
}
m["nic-tiv"] = {
"Tivoid",
752377,
"nic-bds",
}
m["nic-tvc"] = {
"Central Tivoid",
nil,
"nic-tiv",
}
m["nic-tvn"] = {
"Northern Tivoid",
nil,
"nic-tiv",
}
m["nic-ubg"] = {
"Ubangian",
33932,
"nic-vco", -- or none
}
m["nic-uce"] = {
"East-West Upper Cross River",
nil,
"nic-ucr",
}
m["nic-ucn"] = {
"North-South Upper Cross River",
nil,
"nic-ucr",
}
m["nic-ucr"] = {
"Upper Cross River",
4108624,
"nic-cri",
aliases = {"Upper Cross"},
}
m["nic-vco"] = {
"Volta-Congo",
37228,
"alv",
}
m["nic-wov"] = {
"Western Oti-Volta",
nil,
"nic-ovo",
aliases = {"Moré-Dagbani"}
}
m["nic-ykb"] = {
"Yukubenic",
16909196,
"nic-plt",
aliases = {"Oohum"},
}
m["nic-ymb"] = {
"Yambasa",
nil,
"nic-mba",
}
m["nic-yon"] = {
"Yom-Nawdm",
nil,
"nic-ovo",
aliases = {"Moré-Dagbani"}
}
m["nub"] = {
"Nubian",
1517194,
"sdv-nes",
}
m["nub-hil"] = {
"Hill Nubian",
5762211,
"nub",
aliases = {"Kordofan Nubian"},
}
m["omq"] = {
"Oto-Manguean",
33669,
}
m["omq-cha"] = {
"Chatino",
35111,
"omq-zap",
}
m["omq-chi"] = {
"Chinantecan",
35828,
"omq",
}
m["omq-cui"] = {
"Cuicatec",
616024,
"omq-mix",
}
m["omq-maz"] = {
"Mazatecan",
36230,
"omq",
aliases = {"Mazatec"},
}
m["omq-mix"] = {
"Mixtecan",
21083066,
"omq",
}
m["omq-mxt"] = {
"Mixtec",
36363,
"omq-mix",
}
m["omq-otp"] = {
"Oto-Pamean",
nil,
"omq",
}
m["omq-pop"] = {
"Popolocan",
5132273,
"omq",
}
m["omq-tri"] = {
"Triqui",
780200,
"omq-mix",
aliases = {"Trique"},
}
m["omq-zap"] = {
"Zapotecan",
8066463,
"omq",
}
m["omq-zpc"] = {
"Zapotec",
13214,
"omq-zap",
}
m["omv"] = {
"Omotic",
33860,
"afa",
}
m["omv-aro"] = {
"Aroid",
3699526,
"omv",
aliases = {"Ari-Banna", "South Omotic", "Somotic"},
}
m["omv-diz"] = {
"Dizoid",
430251,
"omv",
aliases = {"Maji", "Majoid"},
}
m["omv-eom"] = {
"East Ometo",
20527288,
"omv-ome",
}
m["omv-gon"] = {
"Gonga",
4143043,
"omv",
aliases = {"Kefoid"},
}
m["omv-mao"] = {
"Mao",
1351495,
"omv",
}
m["omv-nom"] = {
"North Ometo",
nil,
"omv-ome",
}
m["omv-ome"] = {
"Ometo",
36310,
"omv",
}
m["oto"] = {
"Otomian",
1270220,
"omq-otp",
}
m["oto-otm"] = {
"Otomi",
nil,
"oto",
}
m["paa"] = {
"Papuan",
236425,
"qfa-not",
}
m["paa-aia"] = {
"Aian",
4767739, -- Annaberg languages
"paa-ram",
aliases = {"Middle Ramu", -- Foley (with Rao),
"Annaberg", -- with Rao
"Aram-Aren", -- Usher
},
}
m["paa-alp"] = {
"Alor-Pantar",
3502429,
"paa-tap",
}
m["paa-amu"] = {
"Amto-Musan",
480281,
aliases = {"Samaia River"},
}
m["paa-ani"] = {
"Anim",
55603991,
aliases = {"Fly River"},
}
m["paa-ara"] = {
"Arapesh",
4784223,
"paa-koa",
aliases = {"Arapeshan"}, -- Foley
}
m["paa-arf"] = {
"Arafundi",
4783702,
}
m["paa-ata"] = {
"Ataitan",
4812652,
"paa-ram",
aliases = {"Tangu", -- Foley
"Tanggu", -- alternative name given by Wikipedia
"Moam River", -- Usher
},
}
m["paa-baa"] = {
"Bayono-Awbono",
2424781,
}
m["paa-bai"] = {
"Baining",
748487,
aliases = {"East New Britain"},
}
m["paa-baw"] = {
"Bosngun-Awar",
nil,
"paa-ott",
aliases = {"East Ramu Coast", -- Usher
"Bosman-Awar", -- Wikipedia
},
}
m["paa-bew"] = {
"Bewani", -- [[w:Bewani languages]] redirects to [[w:Border languages (New Guinea)]]; but Croatian Wikipedia has an entry
16113460,
"paa-bor",
aliases = {"Poal River"}, -- Usher
}
m["paa-boa"] = {
"Boazi",
48803717,
"paa-mby",
aliases = {"Lake Murray"}, -- Usher
}
m["paa-bor"] = {
"Border",
1752158,
aliases = {"Upper Tami",
"Tami River-Bewani Range", -- Usher
},
}
m["paa-bul"] = {
"Bulaka River",
4987195,
aliases = {"Yelmek-Maklew", "Jabga"}, -- Yelmek-Maklew in Evans (2018) and Gregor (2021)
}
m["paa-bvi"] = {
"Betaf-Vitou", -- Glottolog
nil,
"paa-tor",
aliases = {"Vitou-Betaf", -- Wikipedia
"Fitou-Tena", -- Usher
"Manirem",
},
}
m["paa-clp"] = {
"Central Lakes Plain", -- [[w:Central Lakes Plain languages]] redirects to [[w:Lakes Plain languages]]
nil, -- Q86780132 is for the corresponding category, which exists in enwiki
"paa-lpl",
aliases = {"East Tariku", -- Glottolog
"Central Lakes Plains", -- Usher
},
}
m["paa-dtu"] = {
"Doso-Turumsa",
16917784,
-- possibly related to East Strickland languages
aliases = {"Soari River"}, -- Usher's name
}
m["paa-ebh"] = {
"East Bird's Head",
338064,
aliases = {"Mantion-Meax", "Mantion-Meyah", -- Mantion-Meax is Wikipedia's term
"Southeast Bird's Head", -- Usher (2020)
},
}
m["paa-eel"] = {
"Eastern Eleman",
nil,
"paa-ele",
aliases = {"East Eleman"},
}
m["paa-egb"] = {
"East Geelvink Bay",
1497678,
aliases = {"Geelvink Bay", "East Cenderawasih"}, -- Geelvink Bay per Glottolog
}
m["paa-eke"] = {
"East Keram",
nil,
"paa-ker",
}
m["paa-ele"] = {
"Eleman",
3034298,
aliases = {"Kerema Bay"},
}
m["paa-elp"] = {
"East Lakes Plain", -- [[w:East Lakes Plain languages]] redirects to [[w:Lakes Plain languages]]; but Croatian Wikipedia has an entry
12633078,
"paa-lpl",
aliases = {"East Lakes Plains"}, -- Usher
}
m["paa-epw"] = {
"Eastern Pauwasi",
16115496,
aliases = {"East Pauwasi"},
}
m["paa-etf"] = {
"Eastern Trans-Fly",
5330530,
aliases = {"Oriomo"}, -- in increasing recent use, probably originating in Evans (2018)
}
m["paa-eti"] = {
"East Timor",
15496066,
"paa-tap",
aliases = {"Oirata-Makasae", -- Wikipedia's name
"Eastern Timor", -- alternative name given by Wikipedia
"Fataluku-Makasai", "Oirata-Makasai", -- alternative names given by Wikidata
},
}
m["paa-fas"] = {
"Fas",
3502658,
aliases = {"Baibai-Fas"}, -- Glottolog's name
}
m["paa-flp"] = {
"Far West Lakes Plain", -- [[w:Wapoga River languages]] redirects to [[w:Lakes Plain languages]]
nil, -- Q86808337 is for the corresponding Wapoga languages category, which exists in enwiki
"paa-lpl",
aliases = {"Rasawa", -- Clouse (1997)
"Wapoga River", -- Usher, including Kehu/Keuw (unclassified by others)
},
}
m["paa-gkw"] = {
"Greater Kwerba",
12635134,
aliases = {"West Foja Range", -- Usher
"Kwerbic", -- Wikipedia
"Kwerba", -- Foley (2018)
},
}
m["paa-gto"] = {
"Galela-Tobelo",
nil,
"paa-nnh",
aliases = {"Mainland North Halmaheran", -- Glottolog
"Mainland North Halmahera", "Northeast Halmahera", -- alternative names
"Northeast Halmaheran", -- Wikipedia, from Verhoeve 1988
},
}
m["paa-hya"] = {
"Heyo-Yahang",
nil,
"paa-mam",
aliases = {"Yahang-Heyo"}, -- Wikipedia's name
}
m["paa-ing"] = {
"Inland Gulf",
6034783,
"paa-ani",
aliases = {"Inland Gulf of Papua"}, -- Glottolog
}
m["paa-isk"] = {
"Inner Sko",
65043889,
"paa-sko",
aliases = {"Skouic", -- Glottolog
"West Vanimo Coast", -- Usher
"Western Skou", -- Wikipedia
"Inner Skou", "Nuclear Skou", -- alternative names given by Wikipedia
},
}
m["paa-iwa"] = {
"Iwam",
15147853,
"paa-sep",
}
m["paa-kae"] = {
"Kamula-Elevala",
130390498,
-- often placed in TNG
aliases = {"Kamula-Elevala River"},
}
m["paa-kan"] = {
"Kanum", -- removed from Tonda by Glottolog
nil,
"paa-ton",
}
m["paa-kay"] = {
"Kayagaric",
7566330,
aliases = {"Kayagar", -- formerly common
"Cook River"}, -- per Usher (2020)
}
m["paa-ker"] = {
"Keram",
48768173,
-- often grouped within or coordinate with the Ramu languages
aliases = {"Keram River"},
}
m["paa-kiw"] = {
"Kiwaian",
338449,
aliases = {"Kiwai"}, -- formerly common, still sees some use
}
m["paa-kko"] = {
"Kaure-Kosare", -- rejected by Pawley-Hammarström but accepted by Glottolog, Foley (2018) and Usher (2020)
48767891,
aliases = {"Nawa River"}, -- Usher's term
}
m["paa-koa"] = {
"Kombio-Arapesh",
16115049,
"paa-trr",
aliases = {"Kombio-Arapeshan", -- Laycock, who includes Wom
"Kombio-Arapesh-Urat", -- Glottolog, including Urat
},
}
m["paa-kol"] = {
"Kolopom",
6427807,
}
m["paa-kom"] = {
"Kombio",
65044238,
"paa-koa",
aliases = {"Kombian", -- Laycock
"Kombio-Yambes", -- Glottolog
},
}
m["paa-kun"] = {
"Kunimaipan",
134973258,
aliases = {"Northwest Wharton Range"}, -- per Usher (2020)
-- often considered a subfamily of Goilalan
}
m["paa-kwa"] = {
"Kwalean",
6450053,
aliases = {"Humene-Uare"},
}
m["paa-kwe"] = {
"Kwerba proper",
12635134,
"paa-gkw",
aliases = {"Kwerba", -- Usher
"Kwerbaic", -- Glottolog
},
}
m["paa-kwo"] = {
"Kwomtari",
2075415,
aliases = {"Kwomtari-Nai"}, -- Senu River is a larger unproven proposal
}
m["paa-lla"] = {
"Loloda-Laba", -- a single language in Glottolog (Loloda-Laba) and Wikipedia (Loloda)
11732388, -- for the Loloda language
"paa-gto",
aliases = {"Loloda"}, -- Wikipedia's name
}
m["paa-lma"] = {
"Left May",
614468,
aliases = {"Arai River"}, -- per Usher (2020)
-- Sometimes in a putative Arai-Samaia family along with Amto-Musan and the Pyu language
}
m["paa-lmu"] = {
"Lepki-Murkim", -- Kembra accepted by Glottolog and Usher; not by Foley (2020) but does not exclude the possibility
-- of a relationship
85776285,
-- independent family per Glottolog, part of South Pauwasi River family (under Pauwasi) per Usher (2020)
aliases = {"Lepki-Murkim-Kembra"}, -- Glottolog
}
m["paa-lpl"] = {
"Lakes Plain",
6478969,
aliases = {"Lakes Plains"},
}
m["paa-lra"] = {
"Lower Ramu",
65089469,
"paa-ram",
aliases = {"Ottilien-Misegian"}, -- alternative name given by Wikipedia
}
m["paa-lse"] = {
"Lower Sepik",
7061700,
aliases = {"Nor-Pondo"},
}
m["paa-mai"] = {
"Mairasi",
6736896,
aliases = {"Mairasic"}, -- per Glottolog
}
m["paa-mal"] = {
"Mailuan",
6735839,
aliases = {"Cloudy Bay"},
}
m["paa-mam"] = {
"Maimai", -- Foley's Maimai is expanded
53679325, -- this is the code for the expanded Maimai with 6 languages, as opposed to the 3 in "Nuclear Maimai"
"paa-trr",
aliases = {"Nuclear Maimai", -- Glottolog's name
"Maimai proper", -- Wikipedia's name
},
}
m["paa-man"] = {
"Manubaran",
6752335,
aliases = {"Mount Brown"},
}
m["paa-mar"] = {
"Marienberg",
1570589,
"paa-trr",
aliases = {"Marienberg Hills"}, -- Usher
}
m["paa-may"] = {
"Maybratic",
4830892, -- the code for the Maybrat language in Wikipedia, which subsumes the two languages of this family
-- putatively included in West Papuan but generally considered an isolated family
aliases = {"Maybrat-Karon"},
}
m["paa-mbi"] = {
"Mbaham-Iha",
85784512,
"qfa-dis", -- Papuan languages; Glottolog groups Karas (Kalamang) with Mbaham-Iha into a (mainland) West Bomberai
-- family and stops there; Wikipedia, following Usher and Schapper (2022), groups Karas, Mbaham-Iha
-- and the large Timor-Alor-Pantar family into a (Greater) West Bomberai family, saying that Karas is no
-- closer to Mbaham-Iha than to Timor-Alor-Pantar.
aliases = {"Mbahaam-Iha", -- used by Wikidata
"Nuclear West Bomberai", -- Glottolog's name
},
}
m["paa-mby"] = {
"Marind-Boazi-Yaqay",
3217484,
"paa-ani",
aliases = {"Marind-Boazi-Yaqai", -- Glottolog
"Marind-Yakhai", -- Usher, without Boazi
"Marind-Yaqai", -- Wikidata
"Marind", -- alternative name given by Wikipedia
"Marind-Arandai", -- alternative name given by Spanish Wikipedia
},
}
m["paa-mmu"] = {
"Mandi-Muniwara",
nil,
"paa-mar",
aliases = {"West Marienberg Hills"}, -- Usher
}
m["paa-mon"] = {
"Monumbo", -- per Glottolog: "No evidence for the Bogia (Monumbo) languages being related to other Torricelli languages was ever presented"
16928417,
aliases = {"Bogia", -- Glottolog
"Bogia Bay", -- Usher (2020)
},
}
m["paa-mri"] = {
"Marindic", -- [[w:Marindic languages]] redirects to [[w:Marind–Yaqai languages]]
nil,
"paa-mby",
aliases = {"Marind"}, -- Usher; a single language
}
m["paa-nam"] = {
"Nambu",
6961418,
"paa-yam",
aliases = {"East Morehead River"}, -- Usher
}
m["paa-nbo"] = {
"North Bougainville",
749496,
}
m["paa-ndu"] = {
"Ndu",
3217498,
"paa-sep", -- Not accepted by Glottolog
aliases = {"Ndu-Nggala"}, -- Usher
}
m["paa-ngk"] = {
"Ngkolmpu", -- considered a single language by Wikipedia
5908646,
"paa-kan",
aliases = {"Ngkantr", -- Glottolog
"Ngkolmpu Kanum", -- Wikipedia
"Ngkontar", -- alternative name given by Wikipedia
"Kanum", -- used by Wikidata
},
}
m["paa-nha"] = {
"North Halmahera",
3217358,
-- possibly in a proposed West Papuan family or an independent family
}
m["paa-nim"] = {
"Nimboran",
12638426,
aliases = {"Nimboranic", -- per Glottolog
"Grime River", -- per Usher (2020)
}
}
m["paa-nnd"] = {
"Nuclear Ndu",
nil,
"paa-ndu",
aliases = {"Ndu", -- Usher, with Boiken/Boikin
"Ndu proper", -- Wikipedia
},
}
m["paa-nnh"] = {
"Northern North Halmahera",
nil,
"paa-nha",
aliases = {"Northern North Halmaheran", -- Glottolog
"Halmahera", -- Usher
"Core Halmaheran", -- Wikipedia
},
}
m["paa-nto"] = {
"Namla-Tofanma",
16918187,
-- independent family per Glottolog and Foley (2018), part of West Pauwasi family (under Pauwasi) per Usher (2020)
}
m["paa-ott"] = {
"Ottilien",
7109477,
"paa-lra",
aliases = {"Ramu Coast", -- Usher
"Watam-Awar-Gamay", -- alternative name given by Wikipedia
},
}
m["paa-pah"] = {
"Pahoturi River",
17049141,
aliases = {"Pahoturi"}, -- per Glottolog
}
m["paa-pal"] = {
"Palei", -- Laycock adds Agi and Nabi/Nambi(-Metan)
65089113,
"paa-wpa",
aliases = {"Nuclear Palai"},
}
m["paa-pia"] = {
"Piawi", -- per Wikipedia, grouped with Arafundi languages to form Upper Yuat, which is a sister to Madang
7190400,
aliases = {"Schraeder Range", -- Usher?
"Waibuk"},
}
m["paa-pio"] = {
"Piore River",
65043152,
"paa-sko",
aliases = {"Barupu Lagoon", -- Glottolog
"Lagoon", -- alternative name given by Wikipedia
},
}
m["paa-por"] = {
"Porapora", -- Foley includes Ambakich (which we, Glottolog, and Usher treat as Keram)
65044258,
"paa-ram",
aliases = {"Agoan", -- Glottolog
"Porapora River", -- Usher
"core Grass", -- alternative name given by Wikipedia
},
}
m["paa-ram"] = {
"Ramu",
3442808,
aliases = {"Ramu River"}, -- per Usher (2020)
}
m["paa-rsa"] = {
"Rasawa-Saponi", -- [[w:Rasawa-Saponi languages]] redirects to [[w:Lakes Plain languages]]
nil, -- Q9859418 is for the coresponding category, which exists in the Piedmontese Wikipedia (?!)
"paa-flp",
aliases = {"Rombak River"}, -- Usher
}
m["paa-rub"] = {
"Ruboni",
6875319,
"paa-lra",
aliases = {"Misegian", -- Wikipedia's name
"Mikarew", -- alternative name given by Wikipedia
"Ruboni Range"}, -- Usher
}
m["paa-saa"] = {
"Samarokena-Airoran",
96417699,
"paa-gkw",
aliases = {"Apauwar Coast"}, -- Usher
}
m["paa-sah"] = {
"Sahu",
nil,
"paa-nnh",
}
m["paa-sbo"] = {
"South Bougainville",
3217380,
}
m["paa-sen"] = {
"Sentani",
17044584,
-- no consensus on higher affiliations, if any
aliases = {"Sentanic", "Demta-Sentani", "Demta-Lake Sentani"}, -- Sentanic per Glottolog, Demta-Sentani per Wikipedia
}
m["paa-sep"] = {
"Sepik",
3508772,
}
m["paa-shi"] = {
"Serra Hills",
65043154,
"paa-sko",
}
m["paa-sko"] = {
"Sko",
953509,
aliases = {"Skou"},
}
m["paa-sng"] = {
"Senagi",
2066550,
}
m["paa-taa"] = {
"Taikat-Awyi", -- [[w:Taikat languages]] redirects to [[w:Border languages (New Guinea)]]; but Croatian Wikipedia has an entry
12643265,
"paa-bor",
aliases = {"Taikat", -- Foley
"Upper Tami River", -- Usher
},
}
m["paa-tam"] = {
"Tamolan",
7681634,
"paa-ram",
aliases = {"Guam River"}, -- Usher
}
m["paa-tap"] = {
"Timor-Alor-Pantar",
16590002,
}
m["paa-teb"] = {
"Teberan",
7692052,
-- Often grouped with Trans-New Guinea, but per Pawley-Hammarström (2018), it has "weaker or disputed claims to membership in TNG".
aliases = {"Dadibi-Folopa"},
}
m["paa-tir"] = {
"Tirio",
7809225,
"paa-ani",
aliases = {"Nuclear Lower Fly", -- Pawley-Hammarström ("Lower Fly" includes Abom)
"Nuclear Tirio", -- Glottolog ("Tirio" includes Abom)
"Lower Fly River", -- Usher (without Abom)
},
}
m["paa-tki"] = {
"Turama-Kikori",
7853680,
aliases = {"Turama-Kikorian", "Rumu-Omati River"},
}
m["paa-ton"] = {
"Tonda",
8581005,
"paa-yam",
aliases = {"West Morehead River"}, -- Usher
}
m["paa-too"] = {
"Tor-Orya",
16590099,
aliases = {"Orya-Tor"},
}
m["paa-tor"] = {
"Tor", -- [[w:Tor languages]] redirects to [[w:Orya–Tor languages]]
nil,
"paa-too",
}
m["paa-trr"] = {
"Torricelli",
1333831,
}
m["paa-tti"] = {
"Ternate-Tidore",
nil,
"paa-nnh",
}
m["paa-wal"] = {
"Walio",
16919872,
-- Often placed in Sepik (e.g. by Laycock and Z'graggen (1975)), but not by Foley (2018), and not accepted by Glottolog.
aliases = {"Walioic", -- Glottolog
"Central Leonhard Schultze River",
},
}
m["paa-wap"] = {
"Wapei", -- Glottolog includes Nabi/Nambi(-Metan) in Wapeic
65089115,
"paa-wpa",
aliases = {"Wapeic"}, -- Glottolog
}
m["paa-war"] = {
"Waris", -- [[w:Waris languages]] redirects to [[w:Border languages (New Guinea)]]; but Croatian Wikipedia has an entry
12645076,
"paa-bor",
aliases = {"Warisic", -- Glottolog
"Bapi River", -- Usher (without Manem or Senggi)
},
}
m["paa-wbh"] = {
"West Bird's Head",
5330530,
-- Kuwani is sometimes included; probably related to North Halmahera languages.
}
m["paa-wel"] = {
"Western Eleman",
nil,
"paa-ele",
aliases = {"West Eleman"},
}
m["paa-wig"] = {
"West Inland Gulf",
nil,
"paa-ing",
aliases = {"West Inland Gulf of Papua"}, -- Glottolog
}
m["paa-wke"] = {
"West Keram",
nil,
"paa-ker",
aliases = {"Koam", "Mongol-Langam", "Ulmapo"}, -- Koam used by Foley, Ulmapo used by Glottolog
}
m["paa-wko"] = {
"Wára-Kómnzo", -- since we split out Kómnzo as a separate language
11732474, -- for the Wara language
"paa-ton",
aliases = {"Anta-Komnzo-Wára-Wérè-Kémä", -- Glottolog's name
"Wára", "Wara", -- Wikipedia
},
}
m["paa-wlp"] = {
"West Lakes Plain", -- [[w:Tariku languages]] redirects to [[w:Lakes Plain languages]]
47007503, -- actually for "Tariku languages", which per Wikipedia covers Fayu, Kirikiri, Iau and Tause
"paa-lpl",
aliases = {"West Tariku", -- Glottolog
"West Lakes Plains"}, -- Usher, with Edopi/Iau
}
m["paa-wpa"] = {
"Wapei-Palei",
65043156,
"paa-trr",
}
m["paa-wpw"] = { -- paa-wpa already used by Wapei-Palei
"Western Pauwasi", -- 2 langs per Glottolog and Pawley-Hammarström; Usher also includes Namla-Tofanma and Usku
85815062,
aliases = {"West Pauwasi", -- Wikipedia, Usher
"Tebi-Towe", "Dubu-Towei"},
}
m["paa-yam"] = {
"Yam",
15062272,
aliases = {"Morehead and Upper Maro River",
"Morehead River", -- Usher
},
}
m["paa-yaq"] = {
"Yaqayic", -- [[w:Yaqai languages]] redirects to [[w:Marind–Yaqai languages]]
nil,
"paa-mby",
aliases = {"Yakhai-Warkay"}, -- Usher
}
m["paa-ysa"] = {
"Yawa-Saweru",
3217545,
aliases = {"Yawa", "Yawan", "Yapen"},
}
m["paa-yua"] = {
"Yuat",
8060096,
}
m["phi"] = {
"Pilipino", --TLCHANGE "Philippine"
947858,
"poz",
english_name = "Philippine" --TLCHANGE
}
m["phi-kal"] = {
"Kalamian",
3217466,
"phi",
aliases = {"Calamian"},
}
m["poz"] = {
"Malayo-Polinesya", --TLCHANGE
143158,
"map",
english_name = "Malayo-Polynesian", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Malayo-polinesia" --TLCHANGE
}
m["poz-aay"] = {
"Admiralty Islands",
2701306,
"poz-oce",
}
m["poz-bnn"] = {
"North Bornean",
1427907,
"poz",
}
m["poz-bre"] = {
"East Barito",
2701314,
"poz",
}
m["poz-brw"] = {
"West Barito",
2761679,
"poz",
}
m["poz-bss"] = {
"Bali-Sasak-Sumbawa",
3396043,
"poz-msa",
}
m["poz-btk"] = {
"Bungku-Tolaki",
3217381,
"poz-clb",
}
m["poz-cet"] = {
"Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian",
2269883,
"poz",
}
m["poz-clb"] = {
"Celebic",
1078041,
"poz",
}
m["poz-cln"] = {
"New Caledonian",
3091221,
"poz-ocs",
}
m["poz-cma"] = {
"Central Maluku",
3217479,
"poz-cet",
}
m["poz-hce"] = {
"Halmahera-Cenderawasih",
2526616,
"pqe",
}
m["poz-kal"] = {
"Kaili-Pamona",
3217465,
"poz-clb",
}
m["poz-lgx"] = {
"Lampungic",
49215,
"poz",
}
m["poz-mcm"] = {
"Malayo-Chamic",
nil,
"poz-msa",
}
m["poz-mic"] = {
"Micronesian",
420591,
"poz-occ",
}
m["poz-mly"] = {
"Malayic",
662628,
"poz-mcm",
}
m["poz-msa"] = {
"Malayo-Sumbawan",
1363818,
"poz",
}
m["poz-mun"] = {
"Muna-Buton",
3037924,
"poz-clb",
}
m["poz-nws"] = {
"Northwest Sumatran",
2071308,
"poz",
}
m["poz-occ"] = {
"Central-Eastern Oceanic",
2068435,
"poz-oce",
}
m["poz-oce"] = {
"Oceanic",
324457,
"pqe",
}
m["poz-ocs"] = {
"Southern Oceanic",
3039118,
"poz-occ",
}
m["poz-ocw"] = {
"Western Oceanic",
2701282,
"poz-oce",
}
m["poz-pcc"] = {
"Central Pacific",
3130237,
"poz-occ",
}
m["poz-pep"] = {
"Eastern Polynesian",
390979,
"poz-pnp",
}
m["poz-pnp"] = {
"Nuclear Polynesian",
743851,
"poz-pol",
}
m["poz-pol"] = {
"Polynesian",
390979,
"poz-pcc",
}
m["poz-san"] = {
"Sabahan",
3217517,
"poz-bnn",
}
m["poz-sbj"] = {
"Sama-Bajaw",
2160409,
"poz",
}
m["poz-slb"] = {
"Saluan-Banggai",
3217519,
"poz-clb",
}
m["poz-sls"] = {
"Southeast Solomonic",
3119671,
"poz-occ",
}
m["poz-ssw"] = {
"South Sulawesi",
2778190,
"poz",
}
m["poz-stm"] = {
"St. Matthias",
6484143,
"poz-oce",
aliases = {"St Matthias"},
}
m["poz-swa"] = {
"North Sarawakan",
538569,
"poz-bnn",
}
m["poz-tem"] = {
"Temotu",
3075769,
"poz-oce",
}
m["poz-tim"] = {
"Timoric",
7806987,
"poz-cet",
}
m["poz-ton"] = {
"Tongic",
3397263,
"poz-pol",
}
m["poz-tot"] = {
"Tomini-Tolitoli",
3217541,
"poz-clb",
}
m["poz-vnc"] = {
"Central Vanuatu",
5061988,
"poz-ocs",
}
m["poz-vnn"] = {
"North Vanuatu",
85789650,
"poz-ocs",
}
m["poz-vns"] = {
"South Vanuatu",
3070173,
"poz-ocs",
}
m["poz-wot"] = {
"Wotu-Wolio",
1041317,
"poz-clb",
aliases = {"Island Kaili-Wolio"}, -- Glottolog
}
m["pqe"] = {
"Eastern Malayo-Polynesian",
2269883,
"poz-cet",
}
m["qfa-adc"] = {
"Central Great Andamanese",
nil,
"qfa-adm",
}
m["qfa-adm"] = {
"Great Andamanese",
3515103,
}
m["qfa-adn"] = {
"Northern Great Andamanese",
nil,
"qfa-adm",
}
m["qfa-ads"] = {
"Southern Great Andamanese",
nil,
"qfa-adm",
}
m["qfa-ain"] = {
"Ainuic",
50111972,
aliases = {"Ainu"},
}
m["qfa-bej"] = {
"Be-Jizhao",
nil,
"qfa-bet",
}
m["qfa-bet"] = {
"Be-Tai",
12627719,
"qfa-tak",
aliases = {"Tai-Be", "Daic-Beic", "Beic-Daic"},
}
m["qfa-buy"] = {
"Buyang",
1109927,
"qfa-kra",
}
m["qfa-cka"] = {
"Chukotko-Kamchatkan",
33255,
}
m["qfa-cre"] = {
"creole",
33289,
"crp",
}
m["qfa-ckn"] = {
"Chukotkan",
2606732,
"qfa-cka",
}
m["qfa-cnt"] = {
"contact",
133253514,
"qfa-not",
}
m["qfa-dis"] = {
-- Languages that are not unclassifiable (qfa-unc) but where there is no consensus on classification. Usually
-- this is because the languages are divergent and it's disputed whether they are isolates or distantly related
-- to other languages.
"disputed affiliation",
nil,
"qfa-not",
}
m["qfa-dgn"] = {
"Dogon",
1234776,
"nic",
}
m["qfa-dny"] = {
"Dene-Yeniseian",
21103,
aliases = {"Dené-Yeniseian"},
}
m["qfa-hur"] = {
"Hurro-Urartian",
1144159,
}
m["qfa-iso"] = {
"isolate",
33648,
"qfa-not",
}
m["qfa-kad"] = {
"Kadu", -- considered either Nilo-Saharan or independent/none
1720989,
}
m["qfa-kms"] = {
"Kam-Sui",
1023641,
"qfa-tak",
}
m["qfa-kor"] = {
"Koreanic",
11263525,
}
m["qfa-kra"] = {
"Kra",
1022087,
"qfa-tak",
}
m["qfa-lic"] = {
"Hlai",
1023648,
"qfa-tak",
aliases = {"Hlaic"},
}
m["qfa-mch"] = { -- used in both N and S America
"Macro-Chibchan",
3438062,
}
m["qfa-mix"] = {
"mixed",
33694,
"qfa-cnt",
}
m["qfa-not"] = {
"not a family",
nil,
"qfa-not",
}
m["qfa-onb"] = {
"Be",
nil,
"qfa-bej",
aliases = {"Ong-Be", "Beic"},
}
m["qfa-ong"] = {
"Ongan",
2090575,
aliases = {"Angan", "South Andamanese", "Jarawa-Onge"},
}
m["qfa-pid"] = {
"pidgin",
33831,
"crp",
}
m["qfa-sub"] = {
"substrate",
20730913,
"qfa-not",
}
m["qfa-tak"] = {
"Kra-Dai",
34171,
aliases = {"Tai-Kadai", "Kadai"},
}
m["qfa-tyn"] = {
"Tyrsenian",
1344038,
}
m["qfa-unc"] = {
-- This corresponds to languages normally called "unclassified", i.e. there is insufficient data or research to
-- classify them, whereas our [[:Category:Unclassified languages]] is just languages that no Wiktionary editor
-- has classified yet (the family code in the language data is missing).
"unclassifiable",
33956,
"qfa-not",
}
m["qfa-xgs"] = {
"Serbi-Mongolic",
108887939,
}
m["qfa-xgx"] = {
"Para-Mongolic",
107619002,
"qfa-xgs",
}
m["qfa-yen"] = {
"Yeniseian",
27639,
"qfa-dny",
aliases = {"Yeniseic", "Yenisei-Ostyak"},
}
m["qfa-yke"] = {
"Ketic",
nil,
"qfa-yen",
}
m["qfa-yko"] = {
"Kottic",
nil,
"qfa-yen",
}
m["qfa-yrn"] = {
"Arinic",
nil,
"qfa-yen",
}
m["qfa-ypm"] = {
"Pumpokolic",
nil,
"qfa-yen",
}
m["qfa-yuk"] = {
"Yukaghir",
34164,
aliases = {"Yukagir", "Jukagir"},
}
m["qwe"] = {
"Quechuan",
5218,
}
m["raj"] = {
"Rajasthani",
13196,
"inc-wes",
protoLanguage = "inc-ogu",
}
m["roa"] = {
"Romanse", --TLCHANGE
19814,
"itc",
aliases = {"Romanic", "Latin", "Neolatin", "Neo-Latin"},
protoLanguage = "la",
english_name = "Romance", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Romance", --TLCHANGE
}
m["roa-asl"] = {
"Asturleonese",
35390,
"roa-ibe",
protoLanguage = "roa-ole",
}
m["roa-cas"] = {
"Kastila", --TLCHANGE "Kastila" for castillian, "Espanyol" for spanish
71924,
"roa-ibe",
aliases = {"Castillian", "Castilic", "Castillic"},
protoLanguage = "osp",
english_name = "Castilian", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Castellano", --TLCHANGE
}
m["roa-dal"] = {
"Dalmatian Romance",
97646077,
"roa-itd",
}
m["roa-eas"] = {
"Eastern Romance",
147576,
"roa",
}
m["roa-emr"] = {
"Emilian-Romagnol",
242648,
"roa-git",
}
m["roa-gap"] = {
"Galician-Portuguese",
9080204,
"roa-ibe",
aliases = {"Galician Romance", "Galaic-Portuguese"},
protoLanguage = "roa-opt",
}
m["roa-gar"] = {
"Gallo-Romance",
500394,
"roa-wes",
}
m["roa-itd"] = {
"Italo-Dalmatian",
3313381,
"roa-iwr",
aliases = {"Central Romance"}
}
m["roa-itr"] = {
"Italo-Romance",
3356483,
"roa-itd",
}
m["roa-iwr"] = {
"Romanse Italo-Kanluranin", --TLCHANGE
112608,
"roa",
aliases = {"Italo-Western"},
english_name = "Italo-Western Romance", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Romance italo-occidental", --TLCHANGE
}
m["roa-git"] = {
"Gallo-Italic",
516074,
"roa-gar",
aliases = {"Gallo-Italian", "Gallo-Cisalpine", "Cisalpine"},
}
m["roa-grh"] = {
"Gallo-Rhaetian",
97646466,
"roa-gar",
}
m["roa-ibe"] = {
"Iberoromanse", --TLCHANGE
749533,
"roa-wes",
aliases = {"Iberian Romance", "West Ibero-Romance", "Western Ibero-Romance", "West Iberian Romance", "Western Iberian Romance"},
english_name = "Ibero-Romance", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Iberorromance", --TLCHANGE
}
m["roa-nar"] = {
"Navarro-Aragonese",
133252927,
"roa-ibe",
protoLanguage = "roa-ona",
}
m["roa-oil"] = {
"Oïl",
37351,
"roa-grh",
aliases = {"langues d'oïl", "langue d'oïl", "Cisalpine"},
protoLanguage = "fro",
}
m["roa-ocr"] = {
"Occitano-Romance",
599958,
"roa-gar",
aliases = {"Gallo-Narbonnese", "East Iberian", "Eastern Iberian"},
}
m["roa-rhe"] = {
"Rhaeto-Romance",
515593,
"roa-grh",
aliases = {"langues d'oïl", "langue d'oïl", "Cisalpine"},
}
m["roa-sou"] = {
"Southern Romance",
145345,
"roa",
}
m["roa-wes"] = {
"Kanluraning Romanse", --TLCHANGE
2714388,
"roa-iwr",
english_name = "Western Romance", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Romance occidental", --TLCHANGE
}
--[=[
Exceptional language and family codes for South American Indian languages
can use the prefix "sai-", though "sai" is no longer itself a family code.
]=]--
m["sai-ara"] = {
"Araucanian",
626630,
}
m["sai-aym"] = {
"Aymaran",
33010,
}
m["sai-bar"] = {
"Barbacoan",
807304,
aliases = {"Barbakoan"},
}
m["sai-bor"] = {
"Boran",
5371776,
}
m["sai-cah"] = {
"Cahuapanan",
1025793,
}
m["sai-car"] = {
"Cariban",
33090,
aliases = {"Carib"},
}
m["sai-cer"] = {
"Cerrado",
98078151,
"sai-jee",
aliases = {"Amazonian Jê"},
}
m["sai-chc"] = {
"Chocoan",
1075616,
aliases = {"Choco", "Chocó"},
}
m["sai-cho"] = {
"Chonan",
33019,
aliases = {"Chon"},
}
m["sai-cje"] = {
"Central Jê",
18010843,
"sai-cer",
aliases = {"Akuwẽ"},
}
m["sai-cpc"] = {
"Chapacuran",
1062626,
}
m["sai-crn"] = {
"Charruan",
3112423,
aliases = {"Charrúan"},
}
m["sai-ctc"] = {
"Catacaoan",
5051139,
}
m["sai-guc"] = {
"Guaicuruan",
1974973,
"sai-mgc",
aliases = {"Guaicurú", "Guaycuruana", "Guaikurú", "Guaycuruano", "Guaykuruan", "Waikurúan"},
}
m["sai-guh"] = {
"Guahiban",
944056,
aliases = {"Guahiboan", "Guajiboan", "Wahivoan"},
}
m["sai-gui"] = {
"Guianan",
nil,
"sai-car",
aliases = {"Guianan Carib", "Guiana Carib"},
}
m["sai-har"] = {
"Harákmbut",
1584402,
"sai-hkt",
aliases = {"Harákmbet"},
}
m["sai-hkt"] = {
"Harákmbut-Katukinan",
17107635,
}
m["sai-hrp"] = {
"Huarpean",
1578336,
aliases = {"Warpean", "Huarpe", "Warpe"},
}
m["sai-jee"] = {
"Jê",
1483594,
"sai-mje",
aliases = {"Gê", "Jean", "Gean", "Jê-Kaingang", "Ye"},
}
m["sai-jir"] = {
"Jirajaran",
3028651,
aliases = {"Hiraháran"},
}
m["sai-jiv"] = {
"Jivaroan",
1393074,
aliases = {"Hívaro", "Jibaro", "Jibaroan", "Jibaroana", "Jívaro"},
}
m["sai-ktk"] = {
"Katukinan",
2636000,
"sai-hkt",
aliases = {"Catuquinan"},
}
m["sai-kui"] = {
"Kuikuroan",
nil,
"sai-car",
aliases = {"Kuikuro", "Nahukwa"},
}
m["sai-map"] = {
"Mapoyan",
61096301,
"sai-ven",
aliases = {"Mapoyo", "Mapoyo-Yabarana", "Mapoyo-Yavarana", "Mapoyo-Yawarana"},
}
m["sai-mas"] = {
"Mascoian",
1906952,
aliases = {"Mascoyan", "Maskoian", "Enlhet-Enenlhet"},
}
m["sai-mgc"] = {
"Mataco-Guaicuru",
255512,
}
m["sai-mje"] = {
"Macro-Jê",
887133,
aliases = {"Macro-Gê"},
}
m["sai-mtc"] = {
"Matacoan",
2447424,
"sai-mgc",
}
m["sai-mur"] = {
"Muran",
33826,
aliases = {"Mura"},
}
m["sai-nad"] = {
"Nadahup",
1856439,
aliases = {"Makú", "Macú", "Vaupés-Japurá"},
}
m["sai-nje"] = {
"Northern Jê",
98078225,
"sai-cer",
aliases = {"Core Jê"},
}
m["sai-nmk"] = {
"Nambikwaran",
15548027,
aliases = {"Nambicuaran", "Nambiquaran", "Nambikuaran"},
}
m["sai-otm"] = {
"Otomacoan",
3217503,
aliases = {"Otomákoan", "Otomakoan"},
}
m["sai-pan"] = {
"Panoan",
1544537,
"sai-pat",
aliases = {"Pano"},
}
m["sai-pat"] = {
"Pano-Tacanan",
2475746,
aliases = {"Pano-Tacana", "Pano-Takana", "Páno-Takána", "Pano-Takánan"},
}
m["sai-pek"] = {
"Pekodian",
107451736,
"sai-car",
aliases = {"South Amazonian Carib", "Southern Cariban", "Pekodi"},
}
m["sai-pem"] = {
"Pemongan",
nil,
"sai-ven",
aliases = {"Pemong", "Pemóng", "Purukoto"},
}
m["sai-pey"] = {
"Peba-Yaguan",
174015,
aliases = {"Peba-Yagua", "Yaguan", "Peban", "Yáwan"},
}
m["sai-prk"] = {
"Parukotoan",
107451482,
"sai-car",
aliases = {"Parukoto"},
}
m["sai-sje"] = {
"Southern Jê",
98078245,
"sai-jee",
}
m["sai-tac"] = {
"Tacanan",
3113762,
"sai-pat",
}
m["sai-tar"] = {
"Taranoan",
105097814,
"sai-gui",
aliases = {"Trio", "Tarano"},
}
m["sai-tuc"] = {
"Tucanoan",
788144,
}
m["sai-tyu"] = {
"Ticuna-Yuri",
4467010,
}
m["sai-ucp"] = {
"Uru-Chipaya",
2475488,
aliases = {"Uru-Chipayan"},
}
m["sai-ven"] = {
"Venezuelan Cariban",
nil,
"sai-car",
aliases = {"Venezuelan Carib", "Venezuelan", "Venezuelano"},
}
m["sai-wic"] = {
"Wichí",
3027047,
}
m["sai-wit"] = {
"Witotoan",
43079317,
aliases = {"Huitotoan", "Uitotoan"},
}
m["sai-ynm"] = {
"Yanomami",
nil,
aliases = {"Yanomam", "Shamatari", "Yamomami", "Yanomaman"},
}
m["sai-yuk"] = {
"Yukpan",
nil,
"sai-car",
aliases = {"Yukpa", "Yukpano", "Yukpa-Japreria"},
}
m["sai-zam"] = {
"Zamucoan",
3048461,
aliases = {"Samúkoan"},
}
m["sai-zap"] = {
"Zaparoan",
33911,
aliases = {"Záparoan", "Saparoan", "Sáparoan", "Záparo", "Zaparoano", "Zaparoana"},
}
m["sal"] = {
"Salish",
33985,
}
m["sdv"] = {
"Eastern Sudanic",
2036148,
"ssa",
}
m["sdv-bri"] = {
"Bari",
nil,
"sdv-nie",
}
m["sdv-daj"] = {
"Daju",
956724,
"sdv",
}
m["sdv-dnu"] = {
"Dinka-Nuer",
nil,
"sdv-niw",
}
m["sdv-eje"] = {
"Eastern Jebel",
3408878,
"sdv",
}
m["sdv-kln"] = {
"Kalenjin",
637228,
"sdv-nis",
}
m["sdv-lma"] = {
"Lotuko-Maa",
nil,
"sdv-nie",
}
m["sdv-lon"] = {
"Northern Luo",
nil,
"sdv-luo",
}
m["sdv-los"] = {
"Southern Luo",
7570103,
"sdv-luo",
}
m["sdv-luo"] = {
"Luo",
nil,
"sdv-niw",
}
m["sdv-nes"] = {
"Northern Eastern Sudanic",
4810496,
"sdv",
aliases = {"Astaboran", "Ek Sudanic"},
}
m["sdv-nie"] = {
"Eastern Nilotic",
153795,
"sdv-nil",
}
m["sdv-nil"] = {
"Nilotic",
513408,
"sdv",
}
m["sdv-nis"] = {
"Southern Nilotic",
1552410,
"sdv-nil",
}
m["sdv-niw"] = {
"Western Nilotic",
3114989,
"sdv-nil",
}
m["sdv-nma"] = {
"Nandi-Markweta",
nil,
"sdv-kln",
}
m["sdv-nyi"] = {
"Nyima",
11688746,
"sdv-nes",
aliases = {"Nyimang"},
}
m["sdv-tmn"] = {
"Taman",
3408873,
"sdv-nes",
aliases = {"Tamaic"},
}
m["sdv-ttu"] = {
"Teso-Turkana",
7705551,
"sdv-nie",
aliases = {"Ateker"},
}
m["sel"] = {
"Selkup",
34008,
"syd",
}
m["sem"] = {
"Semitic",
34049,
"afa",
}
m["sem-ara"] = {
"Aramaic",
28602,
"sem-nwe",
protoLanguage = "arc",
}
m["sem-arb"] = {
"Arabic",
164667,
"sem-cen",
protoLanguage = "ar",
}
m["sem-are"] = {
"Eastern Aramaic",
3410322,
"sem-ara",
}
m["sem-arw"] = {
"Western Aramaic",
3394214,
"sem-ara",
}
m["sem-ase"] = {
"Southeastern Aramaic",
3410322,
"sem-are",
}
m["sem-can"] = {
"Canaanite",
747547,
"sem-nwe",
}
m["sem-cen"] = {
"Central Semitic",
3433228,
"sem-wes",
}
m["sem-cna"] = {
"Central Neo-Aramaic",
3410322,
"sem-are",
}
m["sem-eas"] = {
"East Semitic",
164273,
"sem",
}
m["sem-eth"] = {
"Ethiopian Semitic",
163629,
"sem-wes",
aliases = {"Afro-Semitic", "Ethiopian", "Ethiopic", "Ethiosemitic"},
}
m["sem-nna"] = {
"Northeastern Neo-Aramaic",
2560578,
"sem-are",
}
m["sem-nwe"] = {
"Northwest Semitic",
162996,
"sem-cen",
}
m["sem-osa"] = {
"Old South Arabian",
35025,
"sem-cen",
aliases = {"Epigraphic South Arabian", "Sayhadic"},
}
m["sem-sar"] = {
"Modern South Arabian",
1981908,
"sem-wes",
}
m["sem-wes"] = {
"West Semitic",
124901,
"sem",
}
m["sgn"] = {
"sign",
34228,
"qfa-not",
}
m["sgn-fsl"] = {
"French Sign Languages",
5501921,
"sgn",
}
m["sgn-gsl"] = {
"German Sign Languages",
5551235,
"sgn",
}
m["sgn-jsl"] = {
"Japanese Sign Languages",
11722508,
"sgn",
}
m["sio"] = {
"Siouan",
34181,
"nai-sca",
}
m["sio-dhe"] = {
"Dhegihan",
3217420,
"sio-msv",
}
m["sio-dkt"] = {
"Dakotan",
4154122,
"sio-msv",
}
m["sio-mor"] = {
"Missouri River Siouan",
26807266,
"sio",
}
m["sio-msv"] = {
"Mississippi Valley Siouan",
12637104,
"sio",
}
m["sio-ohv"] = {
"Ohio Valley Siouan",
21070931,
"sio",
}
m["sit"] = {
"Sino-Tibetano", --TLCHANGE "Sino-Tibetan"
45961,
aliases = {"Trans-Himalayan"},
english_name = "Sino-Tibetan" --TLCHANGE
}
m["sit-aao"] = {
"Central Naga",
615474,
"sit",
}
m["sit-alm"] = {
"Almora",
nil,
"sit-whm",
}
m["sit-bai"] = {
"Bai",
35103,
"sit-mba",
}
m["sit-bdi"] = {
"Bodish",
1814078,
"sit",
}
m["sit-cln"] = {
"Cai-Long",
107182612,
"sit-mba",
aliases = {"Ta-Li"},
}
m["sit-dhi"] = {
"Dhimalish",
1207648,
"sit",
}
m["sit-ebo"] = {
"East Bodish",
56402,
"sit-bdi",
}
m["sit-egy"] = {
"East rGyalrongic",
832026,
"sit-rgy",
}
m["sit-ers"] = {
"Ersuic",
56335,
"sit",
}
m["sit-gma"] = {
"Greater Magaric",
55612963,
"sit",
}
m["sit-gsi"] = {
"Greater Siangic",
52698851,
"sit",
}
m["sit-hrs"] = {
"Hrusish",
1632501,
"sit",
aliases = {"Southeast Kamengic"},
}
m["sit-jnp"] = {
"Jingphoic",
nil,
"sit-jpl",
aliases = {"Jingpho"},
}
m["sit-jpl"] = {
"Kachin-Luic",
1515454,
"tbq-bkj",
aliases = {"Jingpho-Luish", "Jingpho-Asakian", "Kachinic"},
}
m["sit-kch"] = {
"Konyak-Chang",
nil,
"sit-kon",
}
m["sit-kha"] = {
"Kham",
33305,
"sit-gma",
}
m["sit-khb"] = {
"Kho-Bwa",
6401917,
"sit",
aliases = {"Bugunish", "Kamengic"},
}
m["sit-khw"] = {
"Western Kho-Bwa",
nil,
"sit-khb",
}
m["sit-khc"] = {
"Chug-Lish",
nil,
"sit-khw",
aliases = {"Duhumbi-Khispi"},
}
m["sit-khm"] = {
"Mey-Sartang",
nil,
"sit-khw",
aliases = {"Sartang-Sherdukpen"},
}
m["sit-kic"] = {
"Central Kiranti",
nil,
"sit-kir",
}
m["sit-kie"] = {
"Eastern Kiranti",
nil,
"sit-kir",
}
m["sit-kin"] = {
"Kinnauric",
nil,
"sit-whm",
aliases = {"Kinnauri"},
}
m["sit-kir"] = {
"Kiranti",
922148,
"sit",
}
m["sit-kiw"] = {
"Western Kiranti",
922148,
"sit-kir",
}
m["sit-kon"] = {
"Northern Naga",
774590,
"tbq-bkj",
aliases = {"Konyakian", "Konyak"},
}
m["sit-kyk"] = {
"Kyirong-Kagate",
6450957,
"sit-tib",
}
m["sit-lab"] = {
"Ladakhi-Balti",
6450957,
"sit-tib",
}
m["sit-las"] = {
"Lahuli-Spiti",
6473510,
"sit-tib",
}
m["sit-luu"] = {
"Luish",
55621439,
"sit-jpl",
aliases = {"Asakian", "Sak"},
}
m["sit-mar"] = {
"Maringic",
nil,
"sit-tma",
}
m["sit-mba"] = {
"Macro-Bai",
16963847,
"sit-sba",
aliases = {"Greater Bai"},
}
m["sit-mdz"] = {
"Midzu",
6843504,
"sit",
aliases = {"Geman", "Midzuish", "Miju-Meyor", "Southern Mishmi"},
}
m["sit-mnz"] = {
"Mondzish",
6898839,
"tbq-lob",
aliases = {"Mangish"},
}
m["sit-mru"] = {
"Mruic",
16908870,
"sit",
aliases = {"Mru-Hkongso"},
}
m["sit-nas"] = {
"Naish",
25047956,
"sit-nax",
}
m["sit-nax"] = {
"Naic",
6982999,
"tbq-buq",
aliases = {"Naxish"},
}
m["sit-nba"] = {
"Northern Bai",
122463830,
"sit-bai",
}
m["sit-new"] = {
"Newaric",
55625069,
"sit",
}
m["sit-nng"] = {
"Nungish",
1515482,
"sit",
aliases = {"Nung"},
}
m["sit-qia"] = {
"Qiangic",
1636765,
"tbq-buq",
}
m["sit-rgy"] = {
"Rgyalrongic",
56936,
"sit-qia",
aliases = {"Jiarongic"},
}
m["sit-sba"] = {
"Sino-Bai",
nil,
"sit",
aliases = {"Greater Bai"},
}
m["sit-tam"] = {
"Tamangic",
3309439,
"sit",
aliases = {"West Bodish"},
}
m["sit-tan"] = {
"Tani",
3217538,
"sit",
}
m["sit-tib"] = {
"Tibetic",
1641150,
"sit-bdi",
protoLanguage = "otb",
}
m["sit-tja"] = {
"Tujia",
nil,
"sit",
}
m["sit-tma"] = {
"Tangkhul-Maring",
nil,
"sit",
}
m["sit-tng"] = {
"Tangkhulic",
1516657,
"sit-tma",
aliases = {"Tangkhul"},
}
m["sit-tno"] = {
"Tangsa-Nocte",
nil,
"sit-kon",
}
m["sit-tsk"] = {
"Tshangla",
nil,
"sit",
}
m["sit-wgy"] = {
"West rGyalrongic",
nil,
"sit-rgy"
}
m["sit-whm"] = {
"West Himalayish",
2301695,
"sit",
}
m["sit-zem"] = {
"Zeme",
189291,
"sit",
aliases = {"Zeliangrong", "Zemeic"},
}
m["sla"] = {
"Slavic",
23526,
"ine-bsl",
aliases = {"Slavonic"},
}
m["smi"] = {
"Sami",
56463,
"urj",
aliases = {"Saami", "Samic", "Saamic"},
}
m["son"] = {
"Songhay",
505198,
"ssa",
aliases = {"Songhai"},
}
m["sqj"] = {
"Albanian",
8748,
"ine",
}
m["ssa"] = {
"Nilo-Saharan", -- possibly not a genetic grouping
33705,
}
m["ssa-fur"] = {
"Fur",
2989512,
"ssa",
}
m["ssa-klk"] = {
"Kuliak",
1791476,
"ssa",
aliases = {"Rub"},
}
m["ssa-kom"] = {
"Koman",
1781084,
"ssa",
}
m["ssa-sah"] = {
"Saharan",
1757661,
"ssa",
}
m["syd"] = {
"Samoyedic",
34005,
"urj",
aliases = {"Samoyed", "Samodeic"},
}
m["syd-ene"] = {
"Enets",
29942,
"syd",
}
m["tai"] = {
"Tai",
749720,
"qfa-bet",
aliases = {"Daic"},
}
m["tai-wen"] = {
"Wenma-Southwestern Tai",
nil,
"tai",
}
m["tai-tay"] = {
"Tày",
nil,
"tai-wen",
}
m["tai-sap"] = {
"Sapa-Southwestern Tai",
nil,
"tai-wen",
aliases = {"Sapa-Thai"},
}
m["tai-swe"] = {
"Southwestern Tai",
10889250,
"tai-sap",
}
m["tai-cho"] = {
"Chongzuo Tai",
13216,
"tai",
}
m["tai-cen"] = {
"Central Tai",
5061891,
"tai",
}
m["tai-nor"] = {
"Northern Tai",
7059014,
"tai",
}
m["tbq"] = {
"Tibeto-Burman",
34064,
"sit",
}
m["tbq-anp"] = {
"Angami-Pochuri",
530460,
"sit",
}
m["tbq-axi"] = {
"Axioid",
nil,
"tbq-sel",
}
m["tbq-bdg"] = {
"Bodo-Garo",
4090000,
"tbq-bkj",
}
m["tbq-bis"] = {
"Bisoid",
48844742,
"tbq-slo",
}
m["tbq-bka"] = {
"Bi-Ka",
12627890,
"tbq-slo",
}
m["tbq-bkj"] = {
"Sal",
889900,
"sit",
-- Brahmaputran appears to be Glottolog's term
aliases = {"Bodo-Konyak-Jinghpaw", "Brahmaputran", "Jingpho-Konyak-Bodo"},
}
m["tbq-brm"] = {
"Burmish",
865713,
"tbq-lob",
}
m["tbq-buq"] = {
"Burmo-Qiangic",
16056278,
"sit",
aliases = {"Eastern Tibeto-Burman"},
}
m["tbq-drp"] = {
"Downriver Phula",
7188378,
"tbq-rph",
}
m["tbq-han"] = {
"Hanoid",
17004185,
"tbq-slo",
}
m["tbq-hph"] = {
"Highland Phula",
nil,
"tbq-sel",
}
m["tbq-jin"] = {
"Jino",
6202716,
"tbq-slo",
}
m["tbq-kzh"] = {
"Kazhuoish",
48834669,
"tbq-lol",
}
m["tbq-kuk"] = {
"Kuki-Chin",
832413,
"sit",
aliases = {"Kukish", "South-Central Tibeto-Burman"},
}
m["tbq-lal"] = {
"Lalo",
56548,
"tbq-lso",
}
m["tbq-lho"] = {
"Lahoish",
nil,
"tbq-lol",
}
m["tbq-llo"] = {
"Lipo-Lolopo",
nil,
"tbq-lso",
}
m["tbq-lob"] = {
"Lolo-Burmese",
1635712,
"tbq-buq",
}
m["tbq-lol"] = {
"Loloish",
37035,
"tbq-lob",
aliases = {"Yi", "Ngwi", "Nisoic"},
}
m["tbq-lso"] = {
"Lisoish",
6559055,
"tbq-lol",
}
m["tbq-lwo"] = {
"Lawoish",
48847673,
"tbq-lol",
}
m["tbq-muj"] = {
"Muji",
11221327,
"tbq-hph",
}
m["tbq-nas"] = {
"Nasoid",
nil,
"tbq-nlo",
}
m["tbq-nis"] = {
"Nisu",
56404,
"tbq-nlo",
}
m["tbq-nlo"] = {
"Northern Loloish",
7058676,
"tbq-nso",
}
m["tbq-nso"] = {
"Nisoish",
56990,
"tbq-lol",
}
m["tbq-nus"] = {
"Nusoish",
114245231,
"tbq-lol",
}
m["tbq-phw"] = {
"Phowa",
7187959,
"tbq-hph",
}
m["tbq-rph"] = {
"Riverine Phula",
nil,
"tbq-sel",
}
m["tbq-sel"] = {
"Southeastern Loloish",
16111894,
"tbq-nso",
}
m["tbq-sil"] = {
"Siloid",
60787071,
"tbq-slo",
}
m["tbq-slo"] = {
"Southern Loloish",
5649340,
"tbq-lol",
}
m["tbq-tal"] = {
"Taloid",
48804018,
"tbq-lso",
}
m["tbq-urp"] = {
"Upriver Phula",
7187058,
"tbq-rph",
}
m["trk"] = {
"Turkic",
34090,
}
m["trk-cmn"] = {
"Common Turkic",
1126028,
"trk",
aliases = {"Shaz Turkic", "Shaz-Turkic"},
}
m["trk-kar"] = {
"Karluk",
703173,
"trk-cmn",
aliases = {"Qarluq", "Uyghur-Uzbek", "Southeastern Turkic"},
}
m["trk-kbu"] = {
"Kipchak-Bulgar",
3512539,
"trk-kip",
aliases = {"Uralian", "Uralo-Caspian"},
}
m["trk-kcu"] = {
"Kipchak-Cuman",
4370412,
"trk-kip",
aliases = {"Ponto-Caspian"},
}
m["trk-kip"] = {
"Kipchak",
1339898,
"trk-cmn",
-- Russian Wikipedia article [[w:ru:Западнотюркские_языки]] says "Western Turkic" is used by N.A. Baskakov and includes Oghuz, Kipchak and Karluk.
-- Azerbaijani Wikipedia article [[w:az:Qərbi_türk_dilləri]] clarifies that "Western Turkic" is not a clade.
other_names = {"Western Turkic"},
aliases = {"Kypchak", "Qypchaq", "Northwestern Turkic"},
protoLanguage = "qwm",
}
m["trk-kkp"] = {
"Kyrgyz-Kipchak",
4221189,
"trk-kip",
}
m["trk-kno"] = {
"Kipchak-Nogai",
4326954,
"trk-kip",
aliases = {"Aralo-Caspian"},
}
m["trk-nsb"] = {
"North Siberian Turkic",
4537269,
"trk-sib",
aliases = {"Northern Siberian Turkic"},
}
m["trk-ogr"] = {
"Oghur",
1422731,
"trk",
aliases = {"Lir-Turkic", "r-Turkic"},
}
m["trk-ogz"] = {
"Oghuz",
494600,
"trk-cmn",
aliases = {"Southwestern Turkic"},
}
m["trk-sib"] = {
"Siberian Turkic",
354353,
"trk-cmn",
other_names = {"Northern Turkic"},
-- per [[w:ru:Восточнотюркские_языки]], "Eastern Turkic" is an alias for Siberian Turkic in the work of O.A. Mudrak,
-- but has a different non-clade meaning in the older work of N.A. Baskakov.
aliases = {"Eastern Turkic", "Northeastern Turkic"},
}
m["trk-ssb"] = {
"South Siberian Turkic",
nil,
"trk-sib",
aliases = {"Southern Siberian Turkic"},
}
m["tup"] = {
"Tupian",
34070,
aliases = {"Tupi"},
}
m["tup-gua"] = {
"Tupi-Guarani",
148610,
"tup",
aliases = {"Tupí-Guaraní"},
}
m["tuw"] = {
"Tungusic",
34230,
aliases = {"Manchu-Tungus", "Tungus"},
}
m["tuw-ewe"] = {
"Ewenic",
105889448,
"tuw",
aliases = {"Northern Tungusic"},
}
m["tuw-jrc"] = {
"Jurchenic",
105889432,
"tuw",
aliases = {"Manchuric"},
}
m["tuw-nan"] = {
"Nanaic",
105889264,
"tuw",
}
m["tuw-udg"] = {
"Udegheic",
105889266,
"tuw",
}
m["urj"] = {
"Uralic",
34113,
varieties = {"Finno-Ugric"},
}
m["urj-fin"] = {
"Fino-baltiko", --TLCHANGE
33328,
"urj",
aliases = {"Baltic-Finnic", "Balto-Finnic", "Fennic"},
english_name = "Finnic", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Fino-báltico", --TLCHANGE
}
m["urj-mdv"] = {
"Mordvinic",
627313,
"urj",
}
m["urj-prm"] = {
"Permic",
161493,
"urj",
}
m["urj-ugr"] = {
"Ugric",
156631,
"urj",
}
m["wak"] = {
"Wakashan",
60069,
}
m["wen"] = {
"Sorbian",
25442,
"zlw",
aliases = {"Lusatian", "Wendish"},
}
m["xgn"] = {
"Mongolic",
33750,
"qfa-xgs",
aliases = {"Mongolian"},
}
m["xgn-cen"] = {
"Central Mongolic",
28719447,
"xgn",
protoLanguage = "xng-lat",
}
m["xgn-sou"] = {
"Southern Mongolic",
nil,
"xgn",
protoLanguage = "xng-ear",
}
m["xgn-shr"] = {
"Shirongolic",
107539435,
"xgn-sou",
}
m["xme"] = {
"Median",
nil,
"ira-mpr",
protoLanguage = "xme-old",
}
m["xme-ttc"] = {
"Tatic",
nil,
"xme",
}
m["xnd"] = {
"Na-Dene",
26986,
"qfa-dny",
aliases = {"Na-Dené"},
}
m["xsc"] = {
"Scythian",
nil,
"ira-nei",
}
m["xsc-sak"] = {
"Saka",
nil,
"xsc-skw",
aliases = {"Sakan"},
}
m["xsc-sar"] = {
"Sarmatian",
nil,
"xsc",
}
m["xsc-skw"] = {
"Saka-Wakhi",
nil,
"xsc",
}
m["yok"] = {
"Yokuts",
34249,
"nai-you",
aliases = {"Yokutsan", "Mariposan", "Mariposa"},
}
m["ypk"] = {
"Yupik",
27970,
"esx-esk",
aliases = {"Yup'ik", "Yuit"},
}
m["yrk"] = {
"Nenets",
36452,
"syd",
}
m["zhx"] = {
"Sinitiko", --TLCHANGE "Sinitic"
33857,
"sit-sba",
aliases = {"Chinese"},
protoLanguage = "och",
english_name = "Sinitic", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Sinitico", --TLCHANGE
}
m["zhx-com"] = {
"Min Pandalampasigan", --TLCHANGE "baybayin" is already an overloaded term (used in wiktionary in the spelling sense), so let's use "dalampasigan" instead
20667215,
"zhx-min",
english_name = "Coastal Min", --TLCHANGE
}
m["zhx-inm"] = {
"Min Pang-ilaya", --TLCHANGE
20667237,
"zhx-min",
english_name = "Inland Min", --TLCHANGE
}
m["zhx-man"] = {
"Mandariniko", --TLCHANGE
nil,
"zhx",
protoLanguage = "cmn-ear",
english_name = "Mandarinic", --TLCHANGE
spanish_name = "Mandarinico", --TLCHANGE
}
m["zhx-min"] = {
"Min",
56504,
"zhx",
}
m["zhx-nan"] = {
"Katimugang Min", --TLCHANGE
36495,
"zhx-com",
english_name = "Southern Min", --TLCHANGE
}
m["zhx-pin"] = {
"Pinghua",
2735715,
"zhx",
protoLanguage = "ltc",
}
m["zhx-yue"] = {
"Yue",
7033959,
"zhx",
protoLanguage = "ltc",
}
m["zle"] = {
"East Slavic",
144713,
"sla",
}
m["zls"] = {
"South Slavic",
146665,
"sla",
}
m["zlw"] = {
"West Slavic",
145852,
"sla",
}
m["zlw-lch"] = {
"Lechitic",
742782,
"zlw",
aliases = {"Lekhitic"},
}
m["zlw-pom"] = {
"Pomeranian",
nil,
"zlw-lch",
}
m["znd"] = {
"Zande",
8066072,
"nic-ubg",
}
return require("Module:languages").finalizeData(m, "family")
q6y02l6nxv1tn05mriztwa6o412dv4r
Padron:head-lite
10
32523
177741
160083
2026-09-04T12:00:21Z
Yivan000
4078
enwikt parity
177741
wikitext
text/x-wiki
<includeonly>{{head-lite/core|{{{1|}}}|{{{2|}}}|{{{3|}}}|{{{4|}}}|{{{5|}}}|{{{6|}}}|{{{7|}}}|{{{8|}}}|{{{9|}}}|{{{10|}}}|{{{11|}}}|{{{12|}}}|{{{13|}}}|{{{14|}}}|{{{15|}}}|{{{16|}}}|{{{17|}}}|{{{18|}}}|{{{19|}}}|{{{20|}}}|{{{21|}}}|{{{22|}}}|{{{23|}}}|{{{24|}}}|{{{25|}}}|sc={{{sc|Latn}}}|langname={{{langname|{{langname-lite|{{{1}}}}}}}}|head={{{head|}}}|tr={{{tr|}}}|lemma={{{lemma|}}}|nonlemma={{{nonlemma|}}}|cat2={{{cat2|}}}|cat3={{{cat3|}}}|noposcat={{{noposcat|}}}|g={{{g|}}}|g2={{{g2|}}}|nogposcat={{{nogposcat|}}}|an={{{an|}}}|noanposcat={{{noanposcat|}}}|f1sc={{{f1sc|}}}|f2sc={{{f2sc|}}}|f3sc={{{f3sc|}}}|f4sc={{{f4sc|}}}|f5sc={{{f5sc|}}}|f6sc={{{f6sc|}}}|f7sc={{{f7sc|}}}|f8sc={{{f8sc|}}}|f9sc={{{f9sc|}}}|f10sc={{{f10sc|}}}|f11sc={{{f11sc|}}}|sort={{{sort|}}}}}[[Category:Pages using lite templates]]</includeonly><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude>
6ti55esat4y3banhyxwhm9bg8hgdi6x
Kategorya:Mga wika ng Timog Afrika
14
34999
177758
168937
2026-09-04T12:33:41Z
Yivan000
4078
Inilipat ni Yivan000 ang pahinang [[Kategorya:Mga wika ng Timog Aprika]] sa [[Kategorya:Mga wika ng Timog Afrika]] nang walang iniwang redirect
168937
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat|basename=South Africa}}
sw6l5m2qsncnimbsm1nbn4n8m08r92a
Kategorya:Wikang Fula
14
35867
177763
170329
2026-09-04T12:47:41Z
Yivan000
4078
177763
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat|Niher}}
oqlsdljo4m4ur8m5p7f79iw43bg0634
Padron:head-lite/core
10
38685
177742
2026-09-04T12:00:31Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '<includeonly><span class="headword-line"><strong class="{{{sc|Latn}}} headword" lang="{{{1}}}">{{#if:{{{head|}}}|{{{head}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}</strong>{{#if:{{{noposcat|}}}||{{#if:{{{langname|}}}|[[Category:{{{langname}}} {{{2}}}{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|{{!}}{{{sort}}}}}]]{{#if:{{{cat2|}}}|[[Category:{{{langname}}} {{{cat2}}}{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|{{!}}{{{sort}}}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{cat3|}}}|[[Category:{{{langname}}} {{{cat3}}}{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|{{!}}{{{sort}}}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{lemma|}}}{...'
177742
wikitext
text/x-wiki
<includeonly><span class="headword-line"><strong class="{{{sc|Latn}}} headword" lang="{{{1}}}">{{#if:{{{head|}}}|{{{head}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}</strong>{{#if:{{{noposcat|}}}||{{#if:{{{langname|}}}|[[Category:{{{langname}}} {{{2}}}{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|{{!}}{{{sort}}}}}]]{{#if:{{{cat2|}}}|[[Category:{{{langname}}} {{{cat2}}}{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|{{!}}{{{sort}}}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{cat3|}}}|[[Category:{{{langname}}} {{{cat3}}}{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|{{!}}{{{sort}}}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{lemma|}}}{{#switch:{{{2|}}}|adjectives|adverbs|articles|classifiers|conjunctions|counters|determiners|Han characters|ideophones|infixes|interjections|letters|ligatures|nouns|numerals|particles|postpositions|predicatives|prefixes|prepositions|pronouns|proper nouns|suffixes|symbols|verbs=1|#default=}}|[[Category:{{{langname}}} lemmas{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|{{!}}{{{sort}}}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{nonlemma|}}}{{#switch:{{{2|}}}|adjective forms|article forms|combined forms|contractions|determiner forms|misspellings|mutated nouns|noun forms|particle forms|pinyin|prepositional pronouns|pronoun forms|proper noun forms|romanizations|verb forms=1|#default=}}|[[Category:{{{langname}}} non-lemma forms{{#if:{{{sort|}}}|{{!}}{{{sort}}}}}]]}}}}}} <!--
-->{{#if:{{{tr|}}}|{{#ifexist:Wiktionary:{{{langname}}} transliteration| [[Wiktionary:{{{langname}}} transliteration|•]] |}}(<span lang="{{{1}}}-Latn" class="headword-tr manual-tr tr Latn" dir="ltr">{{{tr}}}</span>) <nowiki/>|}}<!--
-->{{#if:{{{g|}}}|{{g-lite|{{{g|}}}|{{{g2|}}}|lang={{{1}}}|langname={{{langname|}}}|noposcat={{{nogposcat|}}}|pos={{#switch:{{{2|}}}|nouns={{{2}}}|}}}} }}<!--
display animacy
-->{{#if:{{{an|}}}|{{an-lite|{{{an|}}}|lang={{{1}}}|langname={{{langname|}}}|noposcat={{{noanposcat|}}}|pos={{#switch:{{{2|}}}|nouns={{{2}}}|}}}} }}<!--
if any inflected forms, show an open paren
-->{{#if:{{{3|}}}{{{5|}}}{{{7|}}}{{{9|}}}{{{11|}}}{{{13|}}}{{{15|}}}{{{17|}}}{{{19|}}}{{{21|}}}{{{23|}}}|(}}<!--
maybe show 3= (first inflected form)
-->{{#if:{{{3|}}}|{{head-lite/form|{{{1}}}|{{{3}}}|{{{4|}}}|precedingnames=|langname={{{langname|}}}|sc={{{f1sc|{{{sc|Latn}}}}}}}}}}<!--
maybe show 5= (second inflected form), possibly preceded by a comma or space
-->{{#if:{{{5|}}}|{{head-lite/form|{{{1}}}|{{{5}}}|{{{6|}}}|precedingnames={{{3|}}}|langname={{{langname|}}}|sc={{{f2sc|{{{sc|Latn}}}}}}}}}}<!--
maybe show 7= (third inflected form), possibly preceded by a comma or space
-->{{#if:{{{7|}}}|{{head-lite/form|{{{1}}}|{{{7}}}|{{{8|}}}|precedingnames={{{3|}}}{{{5|}}}|langname={{{langname|}}}|sc={{{f3sc|{{{sc|Latn}}}}}}}}}}<!--
maybe show 9= (fourth inflected form), possibly preceded by a comma or space
-->{{#if:{{{9|}}}|{{head-lite/form|{{{1}}}|{{{9}}}|{{{10|}}}|precedingnames={{{3|}}}{{{5|}}}{{{7|}}}|langname={{{langname|}}}|sc={{{f4sc|{{{sc|Latn}}}}}}}}}}<!--
maybe show 11= (fifth inflected form), possibly preceded by a comma or space
-->{{#if:{{{11|}}}|{{head-lite/form|{{{1}}}|{{{11}}}|{{{12|}}}|precedingnames={{{3|}}}{{{5|}}}{{{7|}}}{{{9|}}}|langname={{{langname|}}}|sc={{{f5sc|{{{sc|Latn}}}}}}}}}}<!--
maybe show 13= (sixth inflected form), possibly preceded by a comma or space
-->{{#if:{{{13|}}}|{{head-lite/form|{{{1}}}|{{{13}}}|{{{14|}}}|precedingnames={{{3|}}}{{{5|}}}{{{7|}}}{{{9|}}}{{{11|}}}|langname={{{langname|}}}|sc={{{f6sc|{{{sc|Latn}}}}}}}}}}<!--
maybe show 15= (seventh inflected form), possibly preceded by a comma or space
-->{{#if:{{{15|}}}|{{head-lite/form|{{{1}}}|{{{15}}}|{{{16|}}}|precedingnames={{{3|}}}{{{5|}}}{{{7|}}}{{{9|}}}{{{11|}}}{{{13|}}}|langname={{{langname|}}}|sc={{{f7sc|{{{sc|Latn}}}}}}}}}}<!--
maybe show 17= (eighth inflected form), possibly preceded by a comma or space
-->{{#if:{{{17|}}}|{{head-lite/form|{{{1}}}|{{{17}}}|{{{18|}}}|precedingnames={{{3|}}}{{{5|}}}{{{7|}}}{{{9|}}}{{{11|}}}{{{13|}}}{{{15|}}}|langname={{{langname|}}}|sc={{{f8sc|{{{sc|Latn}}}}}}}}}}<!--
maybe show 19= (ninth inflected form), possibly preceded by a comma or space
-->{{#if:{{{19|}}}|{{head-lite/form|{{{1}}}|{{{19}}}|{{{20|}}}|precedingnames={{{3|}}}{{{5|}}}{{{7|}}}{{{9|}}}{{{11|}}}{{{13|}}}{{{15|}}}{{{17|}}}|langname={{{langname|}}}|sc={{{f9sc|{{{sc|Latn}}}}}}}}}}<!--
maybe show 21= (tenth inflected form), possibly preceded by a comma or space
-->{{#if:{{{21|}}}|{{head-lite/form|{{{1}}}|{{{21}}}|{{{22|}}}|precedingnames={{{3|}}}{{{5|}}}{{{7|}}}{{{9|}}}{{{11|}}}{{{13|}}}{{{15|}}}{{{17|}}}{{{19|}}}|langname={{{langname|}}}|sc={{{f10sc|{{{sc|Latn}}}}}}}}}}<!--
maybe show 23= (eleventh inflected form), possibly preceded by a comma or space
-->{{#if:{{{23|}}}|{{head-lite/form|{{{1}}}|{{{23}}}|{{{24|}}}|precedingnames={{{3|}}}{{{5|}}}{{{7|}}}{{{9|}}}{{{11|}}}{{{13|}}}{{{15|}}}{{{17|}}}{{{19|}}}{{{21|}}}|langname={{{langname|}}}|sc={{{f11sc|{{{sc|Latn}}}}}}}}}}<!--
if any inflected forms, show a close paren
-->{{#if:{{{3|}}}{{{5|}}}{{{7|}}}{{{9|}}}{{{11|}}}{{{13|}}}{{{15|}}}{{{17|}}}{{{19|}}}{{{21|}}}{{{23|}}}|)}}<!--
-->{{#if:{{{25|}}}|{{error|Too many parameters to Template:head-lite; use head instead.}}|}}<!--
-->{{#if:{{{lemma|}}}{{#switch:{{{2|}}}|adjectives|adverbs|articles|classifiers|conjunctions|counters|determiners|Han characters|ideophones|infixes|interjections|letters|ligatures|nouns|numerals|particles|postpositions|predicatives|prefixes|prepositional pronouns|prepositions|pronouns|proper nouns|suffixes|symbols|verbs=1|#default=}}{{{nonlemma|}}}{{#switch:{{{2|}}}|adjective forms|article forms|combined forms|contractions|determiner forms|misspellings|mutated nouns|noun forms|particle forms|pinyin|pronoun forms|proper noun forms|romanizations|verb forms=1|#default=}}{{{noposcat|}}}||{{error|Must specify whether this is a lemma or nonlemma, or add POS to head-lite template}}}}<!--
-->{{#if:{{{langname|}}}||{{error|Missing langname parameter to Template:head-lite.}}}}<!--
-->{{DISPLAYTITLE:<span class="{{#if:{{#ifeq:{{{sc|}}}|Hant|1}}{{#ifeq:{{{sc|}}}|Hans|1}}{{#ifeq:{{{sc|}}}|Jpan|1}}{{#ifeq:{{{sc|}}}|Kore|1}}|Hani|{{#ifeq:{{{sc|}}}||Latn|{{{sc|Latn}}}}}}}">{{PAGENAME}}</span>}}<!--
--></span></includeonly><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude>
77lb9zh5245h0zvglqioh7q54lpg22u
Padron:head-lite/form
10
38686
177743
2026-09-04T12:00:54Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '<includeonly><!-- if inflected form name is 'or', show a space; otherwise, if any preceding inflected forms exist, show a comma -->{{#ifeq:{{{2|}}}|or| |{{#if:{{{precedingnames|}}}|, }}}}<!-- maybe show inflected form -->''{{{2}}}''{{#if:{{{3|}}}| {{head-lite/link|{{{1}}}|{{{3}}}|langname={{{langname|}}}|sc={{{sc|}}}}}}}<!-- --></includeonly><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude>'
177743
wikitext
text/x-wiki
<includeonly><!--
if inflected form name is 'or', show a space; otherwise, if any preceding inflected forms exist, show a comma
-->{{#ifeq:{{{2|}}}|or| |{{#if:{{{precedingnames|}}}|, }}}}<!--
maybe show inflected form
-->''{{{2}}}''{{#if:{{{3|}}}| {{head-lite/link|{{{1}}}|{{{3}}}|langname={{{langname|}}}|sc={{{sc|}}}}}}}<!--
--></includeonly><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude>
ldfywh0dhppcs3q4wrr7mzplrpl930p
Kategorya:Lumang Tsino na pangngalan
14
38687
177744
2026-09-04T12:03:24Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat}}'
177744
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat}}
eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx
Kategorya:Lumang Tseko na pangngalang pambabae
14
38688
177745
2026-09-04T12:03:25Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat}}'
177745
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat}}
eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx
Kategorya:Lumang Tsino na lema
14
38689
177746
2026-09-04T12:03:43Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat}}'
177746
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat}}
eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx
Kategorya:Lumang Tseko na pangngalan ayon sa kasarian
14
38690
177747
2026-09-04T12:03:47Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat}}'
177747
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat}}
eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx
Kategorya:Wikang Lumang Tsino
14
38691
177748
2026-09-04T12:04:22Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat|Tsina|extinct=1}}'
177748
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat|Tsina|extinct=1}}
bl4c90h7vsxhuwxd19gmxfrknn691br
Kategorya:Lumang Tseko na pangngalan
14
38692
177749
2026-09-04T12:04:58Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat}}'
177749
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat}}
eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx
Kategorya:Lumang Tseko na lema
14
38693
177750
2026-09-04T12:05:12Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat}}'
177750
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat}}
eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx
Kategorya:Wikang Lumang Tseko
14
38694
177751
2026-09-04T12:06:55Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat|Republikang Tseko|extinct=1}}'
177751
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat|Republikang Tseko|extinct=1}}
h9pz84nyfviixcw0o7wc8uf4c0ddpbg
Kategorya:Tagalog na salitang may homofono
14
38695
177753
2026-09-04T12:18:08Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat}}'
177753
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat}}
eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx
Kategorya:Nepali na natutuhang paghihiram mula sa Sanskrit
14
38696
177765
2026-09-04T12:56:09Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat}}'
177765
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat}}
eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx
Module:category tree/lang/ne
828
38697
177766
2026-09-04T12:56:27Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may 'local labels = {} local handlers = {} --------------------------------- Verbs -------------------------------- labels["compound verbs by base verb"] = { description = "{{{langname}}} compound verbs categorized by base verb.", parents = {"verbs"}, } table.insert(handlers, function(data) local base_verb = data.label:match("^compound verbs formed with (.*)$") if base_verb then local altlink = "{{m|ne||" .. base_verb .. "}}" local altlink_no_tr = "{{m|ne||...'
177766
Scribunto
text/plain
local labels = {}
local handlers = {}
--------------------------------- Verbs --------------------------------
labels["compound verbs by base verb"] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} compound verbs categorized by base verb.",
parents = {"verbs"},
}
table.insert(handlers, function(data)
local base_verb = data.label:match("^compound verbs formed with (.*)$")
if base_verb then
local altlink = "{{m|ne||" .. base_verb .. "}}"
local altlink_no_tr = "{{m|ne||" .. base_verb .. "|tr=-}}"
return {
description = "{{{langname}}} compound verbs formed with the base verb {{m|ne|" .. base_verb .. "}}.",
displaytitle = "{{{langname}}} compound verbs formed with " .. altlink_no_tr,
parents = {
{name = "compound verbs by base verb", sort = base_verb}
},
breadcrumb = altlink,
}
end
end)
return {LABELS = labels, HANDLERS = handlers}
3367msc8hdz6tqjb5hdjnytnf1g8312
Kategorya:Natutuhang paghihiram mula sa Sanskrit ayon sa wika
14
38698
177767
2026-09-04T13:00:02Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat}}'
177767
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat}}
eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx
Kategorya:Salitang hiniram mula sa Sanskrit ayon sa wika
14
38699
177768
2026-09-04T13:00:24Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat}}'
177768
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat}}
eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx
Kategorya:Rumano na anyong pandiwa
14
38700
177769
2026-09-04T13:05:43Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat}}'
177769
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat}}
eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx
Kategorya:Salitang hinango mula sa Sebwano ayon sa wika
14
38701
177770
2026-09-04T13:06:40Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat}}'
177770
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat}}
eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx
Kategorya:Salitang may salin sa Danes
14
38702
177771
2026-09-04T13:07:09Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat}}'
177771
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat}}
eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx
Kategorya:Danes na entradang pinapanatili
14
38703
177772
2026-09-04T13:07:32Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat}}'
177772
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat}}
eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx
Kategorya:Salitang may salin sa Afrikāns
14
38704
177773
2026-09-04T13:08:35Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat}}'
177773
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat}}
eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx
Kategorya:Salitang may salin sa Aleman
14
38705
177774
2026-09-04T13:09:11Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat}}'
177774
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat}}
eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx
Kategorya:Salitang may salin sa Breton
14
38706
177775
2026-09-04T13:09:52Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat}}'
177775
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat}}
eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx
Kategorya:Salitang may salin sa Eslovako
14
38707
177776
2026-09-04T13:09:58Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat}}'
177776
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat}}
eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx
Kategorya:Breton na entradang pinapanatili
14
38708
177777
2026-09-04T13:10:24Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat}}'
177777
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat}}
eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx
Kategorya:Salitang may salin sa Esloveno
14
38709
177778
2026-09-04T13:11:04Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat}}'
177778
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat}}
eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx
Kategorya:Sebwano na salitang hinango mula sa Lumang Franses
14
38710
177779
2026-09-04T13:11:52Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat}}'
177779
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat}}
eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx
Kategorya:en:Mga pook sa Pilipinas
14
38711
177780
2026-09-04T13:17:25Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat}}'
177780
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat}}
eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx
177781
177780
2026-09-04T13:18:09Z
Yivan000
4078
177781
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat|english_name=en:Places in the Philippines}}
b65kr6x9gbcyrym0nqbxbeq9s825sbk
Kategorya:Salitang may salin sa Kanlurang Frison
14
38712
177782
2026-09-04T13:20:03Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat}}'
177782
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat}}
eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx
Module:category tree/lang/fy
828
38713
177783
2026-09-04T13:20:21Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may 'local labels = {} local handlers = {} local lang = require("Module:languages").getByCode("fy") labels["verbs by derivation type"] = { description = "West Frisian verbs categorized by the type of derivation.", parents = {{name = "verbs", sort = "derivation"}}, } labels["basic verbs"] = { description = "This category contains West Frisian verbs that are neither prefixed nor separable.", parents = {{name = "verbs by derivation type", sort = "basic"}}, } lab...'
177783
Scribunto
text/plain
local labels = {}
local handlers = {}
local lang = require("Module:languages").getByCode("fy")
labels["verbs by derivation type"] = {
description = "West Frisian verbs categorized by the type of derivation.",
parents = {{name = "verbs", sort = "derivation"}},
}
labels["basic verbs"] = {
description = "This category contains West Frisian verbs that are neither prefixed nor separable.",
parents = {{name = "verbs by derivation type", sort = "basic"}},
}
labels["prefixed verbs"] = {
description = "This category contains West Frisian prefixed verbs, which are verbs that are compounded with an unstressed prefix, such as " ..
"{{m|fy|be-}}.",
parents = {{name = "verbs by derivation type", sort = "prefixed"}},
}
labels["separable verbs"] = {
topright = "{{wikipedia|Separable verb}}",
description = "This category contains West Frisian separable verbs, which are verbs that are compounded with a particle, " ..
"often an adverb. When the particle is immediately followed by the verb form, it is written together with it as one word. " ..
"In other cases, it is separated from the main verb by a space and possibly other words.",
parents = {{name = "verbs by derivation type", sort = "separable"}},
}
table.insert(handlers, function(data)
local pref = data.label:match("^prefixed verbs with (.+%-)$")
if pref then
local link = require("Module:links").full_link({ lang = lang, term = pref }, "term")
local altlink = require("Module:links").full_link({ lang = lang, alt = pref }, "term")
return {
description = "West Frisian prefixed verbs with the prefix " .. link .. ".",
displaytitle = "West Frisian prefixed verbs with " .. altlink,
breadcrumb = altlink,
parents = {{name = "prefixed verbs", sort = pref}},
}
end
end)
table.insert(handlers, function(data)
local particle = data.label:match("^separable verbs with (.+)$")
if particle then
local link = require("Module:links").full_link({ lang = lang, term = particle }, "term")
local altlink = require("Module:links").full_link({ lang = lang, alt = particle }, "term")
return {
description = "West Frisian separable verbs with the particle " .. link .. ".",
displaytitle = "West Frisian separable verbs with " .. altlink,
breadcrumb = altlink,
parents = {{name = "separable verbs", sort = particle}},
}
end
end)
return {LABELS = labels, HANDLERS = handlers}
hgyhgvl2ydprbyygfa0weon3qfjn8mi
Kategorya:Salitang may salin sa Norwego
14
38714
177784
2026-09-04T13:22:53Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat}}'
177784
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat}}
eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx
Kategorya:Norwego na entradang pinapanatili
14
38715
177785
2026-09-04T13:23:10Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat}}'
177785
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat}}
eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx
Kategorya:Salitang may salin sa Eskoses
14
38716
177786
2026-09-04T13:23:51Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat}}'
177786
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat}}
eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx
Kategorya:Eskoses na entradang pinapanatili
14
38717
177787
2026-09-04T13:24:10Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat}}'
177787
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat}}
eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx
Kategorya:Salitang may salin sa Estonyo
14
38718
177789
2026-09-04T13:27:06Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat}}'
177789
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat}}
eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx
Kategorya:Estonyo na entradang pinapanatili
14
38719
177790
2026-09-04T13:27:13Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat}}'
177790
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat}}
eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx
Kategorya:Salitang may salin sa Silanganang Min
14
38720
177791
2026-09-04T13:28:07Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat}}'
177791
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat}}
eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx
Kategorya:Silanganang Min na entradang pinapanatili
14
38721
177792
2026-09-04T13:28:34Z
Yivan000
4078
Nilikha ang pahina na may '{{auto cat}}'
177792
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{auto cat}}
eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx
Padron:ko-proper noun
10
38722
177793
2026-09-05T10:44:02Z
Hiyuune
5522
Nilikha ang pahina na may '<includeonly>{{#invoke:ko-headword|show|proper nouns}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude>'
177793
wikitext
text/x-wiki
<includeonly>{{#invoke:ko-headword|show|proper nouns}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude>
4kdruoi208g2pcoegha7fkhof4k1gew
레위기
0
38723
177794
2026-09-05T10:44:16Z
Hiyuune
5522
Nilikha ang pahina na may '=={{=ko=}}== {{wp|ko:}} ===Etimolohiya=== {{com|ko|^레위|기}} ===Pagbigkas=== {{ko-IPA|cap=y}} ===Pangngalan pantangi=== {{ko-proper noun}} # [[Levitico]]'
177794
wikitext
text/x-wiki
=={{=ko=}}==
{{wp|ko:}}
===Etimolohiya===
{{com|ko|^레위|기}}
===Pagbigkas===
{{ko-IPA|cap=y}}
===Pangngalan pantangi===
{{ko-proper noun}}
# [[Levitico]]
f627ld1hcweqglmlhohmh6y5x577sxt