Wikipedia tnwiki https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsebe_ya_konokono MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.3 first-letter Pego Faphegileng Puisano Modirisi Puisano ya modirisi Wikipedia Puisano ya Wikipedia Setshwantsho Puisano ya setshwantsho MediaWiki Puisano ya MediaWiki Tempolete Puisano ya tempolete Thuso Puisano ya thuso Karolo Puisano ya karolo TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 11240 50069 47207 2026-05-21T02:29:59Z CommonsDelinker 71 Removing [[:c:File:Namibia,_Land_of_the_Brave.ogg|Namibia,_Land_of_the_Brave.ogg]], it has been deleted from Commons by [[:c:User:Abzeronow|Abzeronow]] because: per [[:c:Commons:Deletion requests/File:Namibia, Land of the Brave.ogg|]]. 50069 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox anthem|title=Namibia, Land of the Brave|image=Namibian Anthem Music Sheet.InstrumentalSimple.svg|country=Namibia|prefix=Ya Setshaba|author=Axali Doëseb|composer=[[Axali Doëseb]]|lyrics_date=1991|music_date=1991|adopted=Morule 1991|predecessor=[[Nkosi Sikelel'iAfrika]]|sound=|sound_title=Setlhopha sa sesole sa US, ka diletso fela}} '''Namibia, Land of the Brave''' ke pina ya setšhaba ya kwa [[Namibia]], e e amogetsweng ka Morule ngwaga wa 1991. E kwadilwe ke [[Axali Doëseb]], o e neng e le molaodi wa setlhopha sa mmino wa setso go tswa kwa sekakeng sa Kalahari. Doëseb o ne a tlhophilwe go kwala pina e morago ga go fenya phadisano e e neng ya tshwarwa morago ga lefatshe la Namibia le sena go tsaya boipuso ka 1990. == Ditso == Pina ya ntlha ya setšhaba ya Namibia, le ntswa e ne e se ya semmuso, e ne e le "Das Sudwesterlied" fa ba le mo taolong ya bokolone ya Germany e le [[South West Africa]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140502151343/http://observer24.com.na/national/2483-song-evokes-apartheid-memories "Song evokes apartheid memories"]. Windhoek Observer. 2013-10-31. Archived from [https://www.observer24.com.na/national/2483-song-evokes-apartheid-memories the original] on 2014-05-02. Retrieved 2025-10-08.</ref> Morago ga gore le nne South West Africa e le taolo ya [[League of Nations]] go nna mo tlhokomelong ya [[Union of South Africa]], pina e e ne ya fetolwa go nna "Die Stem van Suid-Africa" go tshwana le ya [[Aforika Borwa]].<ref>''The CVR Tourist Guide to Southern Africa''. Chris van Rensburg Publications. 1970. p. 327. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/0948253363|0948253363]]</bdi>.</ref> Morago ga boipuso, pina ya "[[Nkosi Sikelel'iAfrika]]" e ne ya amogelwa go nna pina ya nakwana ya setšhaba go fitlhelela go amogelwa semmuso pina ya semmuso ya setšhaba.<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20140331021601/http://www.nationalanthems.info/na.htm "Namibia: Land of the Brave"]. ''NationalAnthems.info''. Archived from the original on 2014-03-31. Retrieved 08 October 2025.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180724213342/http://www.thecitizen.co.tz/oped/National-symbols--What-happened-to-the-giraffe-/-/1840568/2029084/-/mikixd/-/index.html "National symbols? What happened to the giraffe?"]. The Citizen. 1990-03-21. Archived from [https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/oped/National-symbols--What-happened-to-the-giraffe-/-/1840568/2029084/-/mikixd/-/index.html the original] on 2018-07-24. Retrieved 08 October 2025.</ref> Morago go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya gore lefatshe la Namibia le tlhoka pina ya setšhaba e e faphegileng, go ne ga diriwa phadisano ya lefatshe leo ka bophara go kwala pina ya setšhaba e ntšha. Phadisano e ne ya fenngwa ke Axali Doeseb ka "Namibia, Land of the Brave".<ref name=":0" /> Pina e e ne ya tshamikiwa lantlha mo moletlong wa phatlalatsa wa go ipelela boipuso jwa ntlha ga Namibia morago ga kgololesego mo go la Aforika Borwa ka 1991. <ref name=":0" />Go tshwana ga seele sa ntlha sa pina sa "Land of the Brave" le pina ya setšhaba ya [[USA|United States]] ya "[[The star-Spangled Banner]]", go lemogilwe ke baakgedi.<ref name=":1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20180724213342/http://www.thecitizen.co.tz/oped/National-symbols--What-happened-to-the-giraffe-/-/1840568/2029084/-/mikixd/-/index.html "National symbols? What happened to the giraffe?"]. The Citizen. 1990-03-21. Archived from [https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/oped/National-symbols--What-happened-to-the-giraffe-/-/1840568/2029084/-/mikixd/-/index.html the original] on 2018-07-24. Retrieved 08 October 2025.</ref> Go kwalwa ga pina ya setšhaba ya Namibia go ne go eteletswe pele ke [[Hidipo Hamutenya]], modulasetilo wa nako eo wa komiti potlana ya dikao tsa lefatshe.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20211117071940/https://www.gov.na/documents/10181/12843/National+Anthem+of+the+Republic+of+Namibia+Act%2C+1991/d7490abe-27f0-4d7a-9bdf-4e8cb42f3e3a "National Anthem of the Republic of Namibia Act, #20 of 1991".] ''Government Gazette of the Republic of Namibia''. No. 321. [[:en:Government_of_Namibia|Government of Namibia]]. 17 December 1991. Archived from [http://www.gov.na/documents/10181/12843/National+Anthem+of+the+Republic+of+Namibia+Act,+1991/d7490abe-27f0-4d7a-9bdf-4e8cb42f3e3a the original] on 17 November 2021. Retrieved 8 October 2025.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, Hamutenya o ne a bolela fa a kwadile mafoko a pina eo ka bo ene, "a le mo sefofaneng go ya [[Cuba]]". Doëseb o ne a ganetsa seo.<ref>Sibeene, Petronella (11 October 2006). [https://www.newera.com.na/2006/10/11/dispute-over-national-anthems-true-author/ "Dispute Over National Anthem's True Author"]. ''[[:en:New_Era_(Namibia)|New Era]]''.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2023, mapolotiki [[Andrew Matjila]] le [[Ben Amathila|Ben Amadhila]] ba ne ba ema nokeng se Hamutenya a neng a se bua.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20231120082417/https://informante.web.na/?p=352147 "Amadhila and Matjila unpack anthem"]. ''Informanté''. 2023-11-14. Retrieved 2025-10-08.</ref> == Molao == [[Palamente ya Namibia]] e ne ya fetisa molao wa 1991 wa pina ya setšhaba ya Republic of Namibia. Se se ne se tlhomamisa gore "Namibia, Land of the Brave" ke yone pina ya setšhaba ya Namibia; molao ore ope o o ka rogang pina eo, o ka atlholelwa dingwaga di le tlhano mo kgolegelong kgotsa a lopiwa madi a a kana ka dikete di le masome mabedi tsa madi a ranta kgotsa dilo tseo tsotlhe; molao o gape o ne o letla tautona wa Namibia go dira melawana e e tsamaelanang le pina eo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20141219095043/http://www.gov.na/documents/10181/12843/National+Anthem+of+the+Republic+of+Namibia+Act%2C+1991/d7490abe-27f0-4d7a-9bdf-4e8cb42f3e3a "Government notice no.146: Promulgation of National Anthem of the Republic of Namibia Act (Act 20 of 1991), of the National Assembly"]. ''Government Gazette of the Republic of Namibia'' (321): 1–6. 1991-12-17. Archived from [http://www.gov.na/documents/10181/12843/National+Anthem+of+the+Republic+of+Namibia+Act%2C+1991/d7490abe-27f0-4d7a-9bdf-4e8cb42f3e3a the original] on 2014-12-19. Retrieved 2025-10-08.</ref> == Mafoko == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Mafoko a pina ka Setswana !Mafoko a pina ka Sekgoa<ref name=":1" /> !Thanolo ya Se Jeremane !Thanolo ya Afrikaans |- |[[Namibia]], lefatshe la bapelokgale Ntwa ya kgololesego re e lole Kgalaletso go bopelokgale jwa bone Ba madi a bone a nosetsang kgololesego ya rona Re fa lorato lwa rona le boikanyego Mmogo re kopane Namibia o montle Namibia lefatshe la rona Lefatshe le le rategang la sekaka, Tsholeletsang kwa godimo sekao sa kgololesego Namibia lefatshe la rona, Namibia lefatshe la gaetsho, Re a go rata. |Namibia Land of the Brave Freedom fight we have won Glory to their bravery Whose blood waters our freedom We give our love and loyalty Together in unity Contrasting beautiful Namibia Namibia our country Beloved land of Savannahs, Hold high the banner of liberty Namibia our Country, Namibia Motherland, We love thee. |Namibia, land der Tapferen. Der Freiheitskampf ist gewonnen, Ehre ihrem Mut, Deren Blut floss fur unsere Freiheit. Wir geben unsere Liebe und Treue In Einigkeit gemeinsam, Kontrastreiches schones Namibia, Namibia under Land. Geliebtes Land der Savannen, Haltet das Banner der Freiheit hoch. Namibia unser Land, Namibia, Mutterland, Wir lieben Dich. |Namibie, land van die Dapperes, Vryheidstryd het ons gewen. Ere aan hul dapperheid Wie se bloed vruheid waterlei. Ons gee ons liefde en lojaliteit Tesame in eenheid. Kontrasterende Pragtige Namibie, Namibie, onse Land. Geliefde Land van savannas, Hou hoog die vaandel van vryheid. Namibie, onse Land, Namibie, Moederland, Ons is lief vir Jou. |} == Metswedi == q51nzitez3kv35cjsuqcf92v8re6mhg 0 13281 50067 50065 2026-05-20T17:15:09Z CeylonChingu 12789 Fix references, Expand infobox #mdwiki .toolforge.org. 50067 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox medical condition |name =Pneumonia |synonym =Pneumonitis |image =Chest radiograph in influensa and H influenzae, posteroanterior, annotated.jpg |image_size = |image_thumbtime = |alt = |caption =[[Chest radiograph|Chest X-ray]] of a pneumonia caused by [[influenza]] and ''[[Haemophilus influenzae]]'', with patchy consolidations, mainly in the right upper lobe (arrow) |pronounce ={{IPAc-en|nj|uː|ˈ|m|əʊ|n|i|ə}} {{respell|new|MOHN|ee-ə}} |specialty =[[Pulmonology]], [[Infectious disease (medical specialty)|infectious disease]] |symptoms =Cough, difficulty breathing, [[rapid breathing]], fever<ref name=Ash2007/> |complications = |onset = |duration =Few weeks<ref name=Behera2010>{{cite book|last=Behera|first=D.|title=Textbook of pulmonary medicine|year=2010|publisher=Jaypee Brothers Medical Pub.|location=New Delhi|isbn=978-81-8448-749-7|pages=296–97|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0TbJjd9eTp0C&pg=PA296|edition=2nd|access-date=27 July 2020|archive-date=14 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160914155329/https://books.google.com/books?id=0TbJjd9eTp0C&pg=PA296|url-status=live}}</ref> |types = |causes =Bacteria, virus, [[aspiration pneumonia|aspiration]]<ref name=RespText09/><ref name=Jeff2010/> |risks =[[Cystic fibrosis]], [[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease|COPD]], [[sickle cell disease]], [[asthma]], [[diabetes mellitus|diabetes]], [[heart failure]], history of [[smoking]], older age<ref name=NIH2011Risk/><ref name=-BMJ2012>{{cite journal | last1=Caldeira | first1=D. | last2=Alarcao | first2=J. | last3=Vaz-Carneiro | first3=A. | last4=Costa | first4=J. | title=Risk of pneumonia associated with use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers: systematic review and meta-analysis | journal=The BMJ | publisher=BMJ | volume=345 | issue=jul11 1 | date=2012-07-11 | issn=1756-1833 | pmid=22786934 | pmc=3394697 | doi=10.1136/bmj.e4260 | pages=e4260 | quote=Susceptibility is higher among elderly people (≥65 years)}}</ref><ref name=CDC2020SCD/> |diagnosis =Based on symptoms, [[chest X-ray]]<ref name=NIH2011Diag/> |differential =[[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease|COPD]], [[asthma]], [[pulmonary edema]], [[pulmonary embolism]]<ref name=BMJ06>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hoare Z, Lim WS | title = Pneumonia: update on diagnosis and management | journal = BMJ | volume = 332 | issue = 7549 | pages = 1077–79 | date = May 2006 | pmid = 16675815 | pmc = 1458569 | doi = 10.1136/bmj.332.7549.1077 | url = http://www.bmj.com/content/332/7549/1077.full.pdf | access-date = 27 July 2020 | archive-date = 9 April 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200409062318/https://www.bmj.com/content/332/7549/1077 | url-status = live }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200409062318/https://www.bmj.com/content/332/7549/1077 |date=9 April 2020 }}</ref> |prevention =[[Vaccine]]s, [[handwashing]], not smoking<ref name=NIH2011Pre/> |treatment = |medication =[[Antibiotic]]s, [[antiviral]]s, [[oxygen therapy]]<ref name=NIH2011Tx/><ref name=Lancet11/> |prognosis = |frequency =450 million (7%) per year<ref name=Lancet11/><ref name=CochraneTx13/> |deaths =Four million per year<ref name=Lancet11/><ref name=CochraneTx13/> |named after = }} '''Pneumonia''' ke seemo sa go ruruga ga makgwafo se se amang thata ditshika tse dinnye tsa mowa tse di itsegeng jaaka di-alveoli.<ref name="RespText09">{{Cite book|editor-last=McLuckie|editor-first=A.|title=Respiratory disease and its management|year=2009|publisher=Springer|location=New York|isbn=978-1-84882-094-4|page=51}}</ref><ref name="AcuteCare09">{{Cite book|last=Leach, Richard E.|title=Acute and Critical Care Medicine at a Glance|edition=2nd|publisher=Wiley-Blackwell|year=2009|isbn=978-1-4051-6139-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7u_wu5VCsVQC&pg=PT168|df=dmy-all|access-date=27 July 2020|archive-date=20 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210420180054/https://books.google.com/books?id=7u_wu5VCsVQC&pg=PT168|url-status=live}}</ref> Dikai tsa teng gantsi di akaretsa go gotlhola mo go na le sehuba se se phaphaletseng, go opiwa ke tlhogo, letshololo, le bothata jwa go hema.<ref name="Ash2007">{{Cite book|last=Ashby|first=Bonnie|last2=Turkington|first2=Carol|title=The encyclopedia of infectious diseases|edition=3rd|publisher=Facts on File|location=New York|year=2007|page=242|isbn=978-0-8160-6397-0|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4Xlyaipv3dIC&pg=PA242|access-date=2011-04-21|df=dmy-all|archive-date=20 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210420180124/https://books.google.com/books?id=4Xlyaipv3dIC&pg=PA242|url-status=live}}</ref> Bokete jwa seemo sa bolwetsi bo a farologana.<ref name="Ash2007" /> Pneumonia gantsi e bakiwa ke megare le ditshedinyana tse dingwe tse di sa tlwaelesegang , le melemo e mengwe kgotsa mabaka a tshwanang le bolwetsi jo bo bakiwang ke masole a mmele a koafatsang mmele.<ref name="RespText09" /><ref name="Jeff2010">{{Cite book|last=Jeffrey C. Pommerville|title=Alcamo's Fundamentals of Microbiology|edition=9th|publisher=Jones & Bartlett|location=Sudbury, MA|year=2010|page=323|quote=|isbn=978-0-7637-6258-2|oclc=|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RJNQwQB8IxIC&pg=PA323|access-date=|archive-date=20 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210420180101/https://books.google.com/books?id=RJNQwQB8IxIC&pg=PA323|url-status=live}}</ref> Dilo tse di kotsi di akaretsa malwetse a tshwana Cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), sickle cell disease, phupelo, bolwetse jwa sukiri, malwetse a polo, ga o kile wa goga motsoko,go sa gotlhola sentle le masole a mmele a bokoa Tlhatlhobo gantsi e ikaegile ka dikai, ditlhatlhobo tsa madi, le go godisa maranyane a sputum di ka thusa go tlhomamisa tlhatlhobo. Bolwetse jo bo ka kgaoganngwa go ya ka gore bo bonwe kae, jaaka nyumonia e e bonweng mo setšhaba kgotsa kwa kokelong e e amanang le tlhokomelo ya botsogo. Mekento ya go thibela mefuta mengwe ya nyumonia e teng.<ref name="NIH2011Pre" /> Mekgwa e mengwe ya thibelo e akaretsa go tlhapa diatla le go sa gogeng. Kalafi e ikaegile ka se se bakang bolwetsi. Pneumonia e go dumelwang gore e bakiwa ke megare e e alafiwang ka Dibolayamegare. Fa nyumonia e le masisi, motho yo o amegileng o o robadiwa kwa kokelong<ref name="NIH2011" /> Kalafi ya go thusa go hema ka pefo ya Oxygen e ka dirisiwa fa selekanyo se le kwa tlase.<ref name="NIH2011Tx" /> Ngwaga le ngwaga, nyumonia e ama batho ba ka nna dimilione di le makgolo a mane le masome a matlhano lefatshe ka bophara (7% ya baagi) mme e felela ka dintsho di ka nna dimilione dile nne.<ref name="Lancet11">{{Cite journal|vauthors=Ruuskanen O, Lahti E, Jennings LC, Murdoch DR|title=Viral pneumonia|journal=Lancet|volume=377|issue=9773|pages=1264–75|date=April 2011|pmid=21435708|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61459-6|pmc=7138033}}</ref><ref name="CochraneTx13">{{Cite journal|vauthors=Lodha R, Kabra SK, Pandey RM|title=Antibiotics for community-acquired pneumonia in children|journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews|volume=6|issue=6|page=CD004874|date=June 2013|pmid=23733365|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD004874.pub4|pmc=7017636}}</ref> &nbsp;Ka go simolodisawa ga dibolayamegare le mekento mo lekgolong la bo masome a mabedi la dingwaga, go tshela go tokafetse thata.<ref name="Lancet11" /> Le fa go ntse jalo, mo mafatsheng a mangwe a tlhabologang, le mo bathong ba ba godileng thata, ba bannye thata le ba ba lwalang ka lobaka lo loleele, nyumonia e sa ntse e le selo se segolo se se bakang loso.<ref name="Lancet11" /><ref>{{Cite book|last=George|first=Ronald B.|title=Chest medicine : essentials of pulmonary and critical care medicine|year=2005|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-5273-2|page=353|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZzlX2zJMbdgC&pg=PA353|edition=5th|access-date=27 July 2020|archive-date=2 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210502042842/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZzlX2zJMbdgC&pg=PA353|url-status=live}}</ref> Pneumonia gantsi e khutshwafatsa nako ya go boga mo go ba ba setseng ba le gaufi le go tlhokafala mme ka jalo e bidiwa "tsala ya monnamogolo". == Ditshupiso == <references /> [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 2c6wg6dlapdpzz28unp0h9w72n7ug53 50068 50067 2026-05-20T17:27:36Z CeylonChingu 12789 Undid revision [[Special:Diff/50067|50067]] by [[Special:Contributions/CeylonChingu|CeylonChingu]] ([[User talk:CeylonChingu|talk]]) 50068 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox medical condition|name=Pneumonia|synonym=Pneumonitis|image=Chest radiograph in influensa and H influenzae, posteroanterior, annotated.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=[[Chest radiograph|Chest X-ray]] of a pneumonia caused by [[influenza]] and ''[[Haemophilus influenzae]]'', with patchy consolidations, mainly in the right upper lobe (arrow)|pronounce={{IPAc-en|nj|uː|ˈ|m|əʊ|n|i|ə}} {{respell|new|MOHN|ee-ə}}|specialty=[[Pulmonology]], [[Infectious disease (medical specialty)|infectious disease]]|symptoms=Cough, difficulty breathing, [[rapid breathing]], fever<ref name=Ash2007/>|complications=|onset=|duration=Few weeks<ref name=Behera2010>{{cite book|last=Behera|first=D.|title=Textbook of pulmonary medicine|year=2010|publisher=Jaypee Brothers Medical Pub.|location=New Delhi|isbn=978-81-8448-749-7|pages=296–97|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0TbJjd9eTp0C&pg=PA296|edition=2nd|access-date=27 July 2020|archive-date=14 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160914155329/https://books.google.com/books?id=0TbJjd9eTp0C&pg=PA296|url-status=live}}</ref>|types=|causes=Bacteria, virus, [[aspiration pneumonia|aspiration]]<ref name=RespText09/><ref name=Jeff2010/>|risks=[[Cystic fibrosis]], [[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease|COPD]], [[sickle cell disease]], [[asthma]], [[diabetes mellitus|diabetes]], [[heart failure]], history of [[smoking]], older age<ref name=NIH2011Risk/><ref name=-BMJ2012>{{cite journal | last1=Caldeira | first1=D. | last2=Alarcao | first2=J. | last3=Vaz-Carneiro | first3=A. | last4=Costa | first4=J. | title=Risk of pneumonia associated with use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers: systematic review and meta-analysis | journal=The BMJ | publisher=BMJ | volume=345 | issue=jul11 1 | date=2012-07-11 | issn=1756-1833 | pmid=22786934 | pmc=3394697 | doi=10.1136/bmj.e4260 | pages=e4260 | quote=Susceptibility is higher among elderly people (≥65 years)}}</ref><ref name=CDC2020SCD/>|diagnosis=Based on symptoms, [[chest X-ray]]<ref name=NIH2011Diag/>|differential=[[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease|COPD]], [[asthma]], [[pulmonary edema]], [[pulmonary embolism]]<ref name=BMJ06>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hoare Z, Lim WS | title = Pneumonia: update on diagnosis and management | journal = BMJ | volume = 332 | issue = 7549 | pages = 1077–79 | date = May 2006 | pmid = 16675815 | pmc = 1458569 | doi = 10.1136/bmj.332.7549.1077 | url = http://www.bmj.com/content/332/7549/1077.full.pdf | access-date = 27 July 2020 | archive-date = 9 April 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200409062318/https://www.bmj.com/content/332/7549/1077 | url-status = live }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200409062318/https://www.bmj.com/content/332/7549/1077 |date=9 April 2020 }}</ref>|prevention=[[Vaccine]]s, [[handwashing]], not smoking<ref name=NIH2011Pre/>|treatment=|medication=[[Antibiotic]]s, [[antiviral]]s, [[oxygen therapy]]<ref name=NIH2011Tx/><ref name=Lancet11/>|prognosis=|frequency=450 million (7%) per year<ref name=Lancet11/><ref name=CochraneTx13/>|deaths=Four million per year<ref name=Lancet11/><ref name=CochraneTx13/>|named after=}}'''Pneumonia''' ke seemo sa go ruruga ga makgwafo se se amang thata ditshika tse dinnye tsa mowa tse di itsegeng jaaka di-alveoli.<ref name="RespText09">{{Cite book|editor-last=McLuckie|editor-first=A.|title=Respiratory disease and its management|year=2009|publisher=Springer|location=New York|isbn=978-1-84882-094-4|page=51}}</ref><ref name="AcuteCare09">{{Cite book|last=Leach, Richard E.|title=Acute and Critical Care Medicine at a Glance|edition=2nd|publisher=Wiley-Blackwell|year=2009|isbn=978-1-4051-6139-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7u_wu5VCsVQC&pg=PT168|df=dmy-all|access-date=27 July 2020|archive-date=20 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210420180054/https://books.google.com/books?id=7u_wu5VCsVQC&pg=PT168|url-status=live}}</ref> Dikai tsa teng gantsi di akaretsa go gotlhola mo go na le sehuba se se phaphaletseng, go opiwa ke tlhogo, letshololo, le bothata jwa go hema.<ref name="Ash2007">{{Cite book|last=Ashby|first=Bonnie|last2=Turkington|first2=Carol|title=The encyclopedia of infectious diseases|edition=3rd|publisher=Facts on File|location=New York|year=2007|page=242|isbn=978-0-8160-6397-0|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4Xlyaipv3dIC&pg=PA242|access-date=2011-04-21|df=dmy-all|archive-date=20 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210420180124/https://books.google.com/books?id=4Xlyaipv3dIC&pg=PA242|url-status=live}}</ref> Bokete jwa seemo sa bolwetsi bo a farologana.<ref name="Ash2007" /> Pneumonia gantsi e bakiwa ke megare le ditshedinyana tse dingwe tse di sa tlwaelesegang , le melemo e mengwe kgotsa mabaka a tshwanang le bolwetsi jo bo bakiwang ke masole a mmele a koafatsang mmele.<ref name="RespText09" /><ref name="Jeff2010">{{Cite book|last=Jeffrey C. Pommerville|title=Alcamo's Fundamentals of Microbiology|edition=9th|publisher=Jones & Bartlett|location=Sudbury, MA|year=2010|page=323|quote=|isbn=978-0-7637-6258-2|oclc=|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RJNQwQB8IxIC&pg=PA323|access-date=|archive-date=20 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210420180101/https://books.google.com/books?id=RJNQwQB8IxIC&pg=PA323|url-status=live}}</ref> Dilo tse di kotsi di akaretsa malwetse a tshwana Cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), sickle cell disease, phupelo, bolwetse jwa sukiri, malwetse a polo, ga o kile wa goga motsoko,go sa gotlhola sentle le masole a mmele a bokoa Tlhatlhobo gantsi e ikaegile ka dikai, ditlhatlhobo tsa madi, le go godisa maranyane a sputum di ka thusa go tlhomamisa tlhatlhobo. Bolwetse jo bo ka kgaoganngwa go ya ka gore bo bonwe kae, jaaka nyumonia e e bonweng mo setšhaba kgotsa kwa kokelong e e amanang le tlhokomelo ya botsogo. Mekento ya go thibela mefuta mengwe ya nyumonia e teng.<ref name="NIH2011Pre" /> Mekgwa e mengwe ya thibelo e akaretsa go tlhapa diatla le go sa gogeng. Kalafi e ikaegile ka se se bakang bolwetsi. Pneumonia e go dumelwang gore e bakiwa ke megare e e alafiwang ka Dibolayamegare. Fa nyumonia e le masisi, motho yo o amegileng o o robadiwa kwa kokelong<ref name="NIH2011" /> Kalafi ya go thusa go hema ka pefo ya Oxygen e ka dirisiwa fa selekanyo se le kwa tlase.<ref name="NIH2011Tx" /> Ngwaga le ngwaga, nyumonia e ama batho ba ka nna dimilione di le makgolo a mane le masome a matlhano lefatshe ka bophara (7% ya baagi) mme e felela ka dintsho di ka nna dimilione dile nne.<ref name="Lancet11">{{Cite journal|vauthors=Ruuskanen O, Lahti E, Jennings LC, Murdoch DR|title=Viral pneumonia|journal=Lancet|volume=377|issue=9773|pages=1264–75|date=April 2011|pmid=21435708|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61459-6|pmc=7138033}}</ref><ref name="CochraneTx13">{{Cite journal|vauthors=Lodha R, Kabra SK, Pandey RM|title=Antibiotics for community-acquired pneumonia in children|journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews|volume=6|issue=6|page=CD004874|date=June 2013|pmid=23733365|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD004874.pub4|pmc=7017636}}</ref> &nbsp;Ka go simolodisawa ga dibolayamegare le mekento mo lekgolong la bo masome a mabedi la dingwaga, go tshela go tokafetse thata.<ref name="Lancet11" /> Le fa go ntse jalo, mo mafatsheng a mangwe a tlhabologang, le mo bathong ba ba godileng thata, ba bannye thata le ba ba lwalang ka lobaka lo loleele, nyumonia e sa ntse e le selo se segolo se se bakang loso.<ref name="Lancet11" /><ref>{{Cite book|last=George|first=Ronald B.|title=Chest medicine : essentials of pulmonary and critical care medicine|year=2005|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-5273-2|page=353|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZzlX2zJMbdgC&pg=PA353|edition=5th|access-date=27 July 2020|archive-date=2 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210502042842/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZzlX2zJMbdgC&pg=PA353|url-status=live}}</ref> Pneumonia gantsi e khutshwafatsa nako ya go boga mo go ba ba setseng ba le gaufi le go tlhokafala mme ka jalo e bidiwa "tsala ya monnamogolo". == Ditshupiso == <references /> [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] i4ijr9rrtcf5qnw7bq8mroaqg853euv