Wikipedia tnwiki https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsebe_ya_konokono MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.11 first-letter Pego Faphegileng Puisano Modirisi Puisano ya modirisi Wikipedia Puisano ya Wikipedia Setshwantsho Puisano ya setshwantsho MediaWiki Puisano ya MediaWiki Tempolete Puisano ya tempolete Thuso Puisano ya thuso Karolo Puisano ya karolo TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk Wikipedia 0 2077 52534 52388 2026-07-15T13:58:31Z Khumo Batolomi 11767 Created by translating the section "Governance" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1363956159|Wikipedia]]" 52534 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox website | name = Wikipedia | logo = [[File:Wikipedia-logo-v2-tn.svg|250px]] | logo_caption = Sekano sa [[Wikipedia]] | screenshot = Wikipedia Portal Screenshot (2022).svg{{!}}border | screenshot_alt = Wikipedia portal showing the different languages sorted by article count | collapsible = yes | caption = Tebego ya tsebe ya konokono ya Wikipedia ka komputara | type = [[Maranyane a encyclopedia]] | language_count = {{NUMBEROF|languages|Wikipedia}} | country_of_origin = United States | owner = {{Unbulleted list|[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|}} | authors = {{Unbulleted list|[[Jimmy Wales]]|[[Larry Sanger]]}} | url = {{URL|https://www.wikipedia.org/|wikipedia.org}} | commercial = Nyaa | registration = Wa ithopela | num_users = [[List of Wikipedias#Statistics totals|>{{formatnum:{{#expr:{{NUMBEROF|ACTIVEUSERS|totalactive.wikipedia}}}}}}]] active editors<ref> To be considered [[Special:ActiveUsers|active]], a user must make at least one edit or other action in a given month.</ref><br />[[list of Wikipedias#Statistics totals|>{{formatnum:{{#expr:{{NUMBEROF|USERS|totalactive.wikipedia}}}}}}]] registered users | launch_date = {{Start date and age|mf=yes|p=yes|br=yes|2001|1|15}} | current_status = Active | content_license = {{Nowrap|[[Creative Commons license|CC Attribution / Share-Alike]] 3.0}}<br />Most text is also dual-licensed under [[GNU Free Documentation License|GFDL]]; media licensing varies | programming_language = [[LAMP (software bundle)|LAMP]] platform<ref name="roadchap">{{cite web |url=https://rogchap.com/2011/09/06/top-40-website-programming-languages/ |title= Top 40 Website Programming Languages |website= rogchap.com |author= Chapman, Roger |date= September 6, 2011 |access-date= September 6, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130922015103/https://rogchap.com/2011/09/06/top-40-website-programming-languages/ |archive-date= September 22, 2013}}</ref> | oclc = 52075003 }} '''Wikipedia''' ke [[Ensaetlolopedia|ensatlolopedia]] ya mahala. E botlhokwa tota go dirisediwa go ka tlaleletsa dithuto. E fitlhelelwa ke mongwe le mongwe. Motho o ka dirisa mogala wa letheka kgotsa mafaratlhatlha a inthanete (internet) go ka batla kitso ka sengwe. ==Metswedi== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Wikipedia]] == Ditso == Go ne ga lekeletswa diensaetlolopedia tse di farologaneng tsa tirisanommogo tsa mo mafaratlhatlheng (inthanete) pele ga go simololwa ga Wikipedia, mme tsotlhe tsa atlega fela e seng mo go kalo kalo. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Garber |first=Megan |date=October 12, 2011 |title=The contribution conundrum: Why did Wikipedia succeed while other encyclopedias failed? |url=https://www.niemanlab.org/2011/10/the-contribution-conundrum-why-did-wikipedia-succeed-while-other-encyclopedias-failed/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210114540/https://www.niemanlab.org/2011/10/the-contribution-conundrum-why-did-wikipedia-succeed-while-other-encyclopedias-failed/ |archive-date=February 10, 2023 |access-date=June 5, 2016 |website=Nieman Lab}}</ref> Wikipedia e simolotse e le lenaneo le le tlaleletsang Nupedia, e leng thulaganyo ya mahala ya mafaratlhatlha a inthanete ya ensaetlolopedia ya puo ya Sekgoa e makwalo a yone a neng a kwalwa ke baitseanape le go sekasekwa ka fa tlase ga thulaganyo e e tlhomameng. <ref name="KockJungSyn2016">{{Cite journal |last=Kock |first=Ned |author-link=Ned Kock |last2=Jung |first2=Yusun |last3=Syn |first3=Thant |date=2016 |title=Wikipedia and e-Collaboration Research: Opportunities and Challenges |url=https://cits.tamiu.edu/kock/pubs/journals/2016JournalIJeC_WikipediaEcollaboration/Kock_etal_2016_IJeC_WikipediaEcollaboration.pdf |url-status=live |journal=[[International Journal of e-Collaboration]] |publisher=IGI Global |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=1–8 |doi=10.4018/IJeC.2016040101 |issn=1548-3681 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160927001627/https://cits.tamiu.edu/kock/pubs/journals/2016JournalIJeC_WikipediaEcollaboration/Kock_etal_2016_IJeC_WikipediaEcollaboration.pdf |archive-date=September 27, 2016}}</ref> E tlhomilwe ka Mopitlo a le malatsi a le boferabongwe, ngwaga wa 2000, e le ya Bomis, e leng kompone ya web portal . Batho ba bagolo ba yone e ne e le Mookamedi-mogolo wa Bomis e bong Jimmy Wales le Larry Sanger, morulaganyi-mogolo wa Nupedia mme moragonyana wa Wikipedia. Nupedia e neilwe teseletso lantlha ka fa tlase ga teseletso ya yone ya Diteng tse di Buletsweng tsa Nupedia. Pele ga Wikipedia e tlhongwa, Nupedia e ne ya fetogela kwa Teseletso ya Dikwalo ya Mahala ya GNU se se rotloediwa ke Richard Stallman . Gantsi Wales o fiwa tlotla gore o ne a kgona go tlhalosa ka botlalo maikano a go dira ensaetlolopedia e makwalo a yone a kgonang go kwalwa le go baakangwa ke setshaba , fa Sanger ene a bokelwa go tswa ka leano la go dirisa wiki go fitlhelela maikano ao. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-01-15 |title=Tech Rewind: How Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia came to be |url=https://www.mid-day.com/lifestyle/health-and-fitness/article/tech-rewind--how-wikipedia--the-free-encyclopedia-came-to-be-15915177 |access-date=2026-01-08 |website=Mid-day |language=en}}</ref> Ka Firikgong a le malatsi a le lesome, ngwaga wa 2001, Sanger o ne a ntsha mogopolo mo dithomelong tsa Nupedia go tlhama wiki gore e bereke go "thusa" lenaneo la Nupedia. <ref name="nupedia feeder from WP 1" group="W">{{Cite news|last=Sanger|first=Larry|date=January 10, 2001|title=Let's Make a Wiki|url=https://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html|access-date=December 26, 2008|publisher=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref> === Tshimololo le kgolo === Wikipedia e simolodisitswe ka Firikgong a le malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2001, (ka dinako tse dingwe le bidiwa "Letsatsi la Wikipedia"), {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|page=7}} e le kgatiso e le nngwe ya puo ya Sekgoa e e nang le leina la kgolagano ya ''www.wikipedia.com'', mme le ne la bolelwa ke Sanger mo dithomelong tsa Nupedia. Leina le, le le duleng ka Sanger go thibela tshenyo epe e e ka nnang teng mo leineng la Nupedia, <ref>{{Cite news|last=Larry Sanger|author-link=Larry Sanger|date=11 January 2001|title=Re: [Advisory-l] The wiki...|publisher=Nupedia mailing list|url=http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html}}</ref> le simolotse mo motswakong wa mafoko ''wiki'' le ''encyclopedia'' . Wales o boletse gore kgopolo ya Wikipedia e ne ya tlhotlhelediwa ke dikgopolo tsa thulaganyo e e sa rulaganngwang e e neng e amana le Friedrich Hayek le [[Austrian School|Sekolo sa tsa itsholelo sa kwa Austria]] morago ga gore moitseanape wa tsa itsholelo yo o ratang kgololesego e bong Mark Thornton a supe megopolo ye . <ref>{{Cite news|date=2009-04-15|title=Wikipedia's Model Follows Hayek - WSJ|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB123976347774119699}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Mangu-Ward |first=Katherine |date=2007-05-30 |title=Wikipedia and Beyond |url=https://reason.com/2007/05/30/wikipedia-and-beyond/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210725210204/https://reason.com/2007/05/30/wikipedia-and-beyond/ |archive-date=July 25, 2021 |access-date=2026-04-21 |website=Reason.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Segolobogolo, Wales o ne ya tlhotlhelediwa ke polelo ya ga Hayek ya Tiriso ya Kitso mo Setšhabeng e e neng e bolela gore e ne e le "konokono" mo mogopolong wa gagwe ka ga "kafa a ka laolang lenaneo la Wikipedia ka teng". <ref name=":0" /> Molao wa tsamaiso ya yone o o botlhokwa wa " pono e e sa tseyeng letlhakore " o ne wa simolola mo ngwageng wa yone wa ntlha . {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|page=29}}Mme fela, go ne go na le melao e mmalwa, mme e ne e bereka e sa laolwe ke Nupedia. Bomis kwa tshimologong e ne e ikaeletse gore e nne kgwebo e e dirang dipoelo. <ref name="Seth-Finkelstein">{{Cite news|date=September 25, 2008|title=Read me first: Wikipedia isn't about human potential, whatever Wales says|work=[[The Guardian]]|location=London|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2008/sep/25/wikipedia.internet|access-date=January 23, 2023}}</ref> Wikipedia e ne ya bona bakwadi/batlatsi ba ntlha go tswa mo Nupedia, dipego tsa ''Slashdot'', le go dira dikgolagano tsa enjene ya patlo ya webo. Dikgatiso tsa puo di ne tsa tlhamiwa go simolola ka Mopitlo 2001, mme palo yotlhe ya tse di ne di dirisiwang di le lekgolo le masome a le marataro le bongwe kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2004. Nupedia le Wikipedia di ne tsa nna mmogo go fitlhela disefara tsa Nupedia di emisetswa ruri ka 2003, mme dikwalo tsa yone di ne tsa tsenngwa mo Wikipedia. Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e fetile letshwao la dikwalo tse di didikadike di le pedi (2 million) ka Lwetse a le malatsi a le boferabongwe, ngwaga wa 2007, mme se se ne sa e dira gore e nne ensaetlolopedia e kgolo go gaisa tsotlhe tse di kileng tsa kokoanngwa, e feta ''Ensaetlolopedia ya Yongle'' e e neng ya dirwa kwa China ka nako ya puso ya ga Ming ka 1408, e e neng e tshwere rekoto ya teng dingwaga di ka nna makgolo a le marataro. Ka ntlha ya go tshaba papatso ya dikgwebo le go tlhoka taolo, badirisi ba Wikipedia ya Sepanishe ba ne ba tswa mo Wikipedia go tlhama {{Lang|es|[[Enciclopedia Libre]]}} ka Tlhakole 2002. <ref name="EL fears and start 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=[long] Enciclopedia Libre: msg#00008 |url=https://osdir.com/ml/science.linguistics.wikipedia.international/2003-03/msg00008.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006065927/https://osdir.com/ml/science.linguistics.wikipedia.international/2003-03/msg00008.html |archive-date=October 6, 2008 |access-date=December 26, 2008 |website=Osdir}}</ref> Morago ga moo Wales o ne a ntsha kitsiso ya gore Wikipedia ga e kitla e bontsha dikgang tsa ipapatso mme ya fetola kgolagano ya dikhomphiutha go tswa go ''wikipedia.com'' go ya go ''wikipedia.org'' . <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=Vibber |first=Brion |date=August 16, 2002 |title=Brion VIBBER at pobox.com |url=https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2002-August/003982.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140620071550/https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2002-August/003982.html |archive-date=June 20, 2014 |access-date=December 8, 2020 |website=[[Wikimedia]]}}</ref> Morago ga paka ya ntlha ya kgolo e e kwa godimo, <ref name="wikisym slowing growth 1" /> go lebega selekanyo sa kgolo ya Wikipedia ya Sekgoa go ya ka dipalo tsa dikwalo tse disha le tsa bakwadi e ne ya tsholetsega thata go bapa le ngwaga wa 2007 o simolola. <ref name="guardian WP user peak 1">{{Cite news|title=Wikipedia approaches its limits|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/aug/12/wikipedia-deletionist-inclusionist|access-date=March 31, 2010}}</ref> Kgatiso e e ne ya fitlhelela dikwalo di le didikadike di le tharo ka Phatwe 2009. Dikwalo di ka nna sekete le makgolo a le boferabobedi di ne di tsenngwa mo ensaetlolopedia ye ka letsatsi ka ngwaga wa 2006; ka 2013 palogare eo e ne e tsamaela makgolo a le boferabobedi. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=((Editors of Wikipedia)) |author-link=Special:History/Wikipedia:Modelling Wikipedia extended growth |title=Wikipedia:Modelling Wikipedia extended growth |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Modelling_Wikipedia_extended_growth |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110826234512/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Modelling_Wikipedia%27s_growth |archive-date=August 26, 2011 |access-date=January 23, 2023 |website=Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Setlhopha kwa Lekalaneng la Dipatlisiso la Palo Alto se ne sa amanya go fokotsega mo ga kgolo le "go oketsega ga kgokagano le ditshenyegelo tse di kwa godimo, go se akarediwe batho ba basha mo lenaneong, le go gana diphetogo tse disha". Ba bangwe ba ne ba akantsha gore kgolo e ne ya fokotsega ka gonne dikwalo tse di ka bidiwang " [[wiktionary:low-hanging fruit|tse di motlhofo thata]] "— tsa ditlhogo tse di tshwanelwang ke go nna dikwalo—di ne di setse di tlhamilwe le go agiwa thata. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Cohen|author-link=Noam Cohen|title=Wikipedia&nbsp;– Exploring Fact City|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/29/weekinreview/29cohen.html}}</ref> Ka Ngwanatsele 2009, mmatlisisi mongwe kwa Sekolong sa dithuto tse dikgolwane sa Rey Juan Carlos kwa Madrid, kwa Spain, o ne a fitlhela gore Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e ne e latlhegetswe ke bakwadi/batlatsi ba le dikete di le masome a mane le boferabongwe mo dikgweding tsa ntlha tse tharo tsa 2009; fa e bapisiwa, e ne e latlhegetswe ke bakwadi ba le dikete di le nne le makgolo a le boferabongwe fela mo pakeng e e tshwanang ka 2008. <ref name="guardian editors leaving 1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/nov/26/wikipedia-losing-disgruntled-editors|title=Wikipedia falling victim to a war of words|work=The Guardian|location=London|first=Jenny|last=Kleeman|date=November 26, 2009|access-date=December 13, 2016}}</ref> ''Pego ya The Wall Street'' e ne ya umaka melao e e farologaneng e e dirisiwang mo go direng dikwalo le dikganetsano tse di amanang le diteng tsa one gareng ga mabaka a a dirang gore go nne le tlwaelo ya kgang ye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fowler |first=Geoffrey A. |last2=Angwin |first2=Julia |date=November 27, 2009 |title=Volunteers Log Off as Wikipedia Ages |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB125893981183759969 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204041034/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB125893981183759969 |archive-date=December 4, 2022 |access-date=January 23, 2023 |website=[[The Wall Street Journal]]}}</ref> Wales o ne a ganetsa dikgang tse ka 2009, a ganela dikgang tsa phokotsego le go belaela mokgwa wa patlisiso eo. <ref name="telegraph Wales WP not losing editors 1">{{Cite news|last=Barnett|first=Emma|date=November 26, 2009|title=Wikipedia's Jimmy Wales denies site is 'losing' thousands of volunteer editors|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|location=London|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/wikipedia/6660646/Wikipedias-Jimmy-Wales-denies-site-is-losing-thousands-of-volunteer-editors.html|access-date=March 31, 2010}}</ref> Morago ga dingwaga di le pedi, ka 2011, o ne a amogela gore go nnile le phokotsego e nnye, a lemoga phokotsego go tswa go "bakwadi ba ba fetang dikete di le masome a mararo le borataro go le sekae" ka Seetebosigo 2010 go ya go ba le dikete di le masome a mararo le botlhano le makgolo a le boferabobedi ka Seetebosigo 2011. Mo go yone potsolotso eo, o ne a bolela gape gore palo ya bakwadi e ne e "tlhomame e bile e tswelelela pele". <ref name="wiki-women">{{Cite news|last=Rawlinson|first=Kevin|date=August 8, 2011|title=Wikipedia seeks women to balance its 'geeky' editors|newspaper=The Independent|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/wikipedia-seeks-women-to-balance-its-geeky-editors-2333605.html|access-date=April 5, 2012}}</ref> Setlhogo sa lekwalo la 2013 la ''MIT Technology Review'', "Go wela tlase ga Wikipedia", se ne sa belaela polelo e, sa bega gore fa e sale ka 2007 Wikipedia e ne e latlhegetswe ke nngwetharong ya bakwadi ba yone ba ba ithaopileng, mme sa akantsha gore ba ba setseng ba ne ba tlhomile mogopolo thata mo dintlheng tse dinnye. <ref name="Simonite-2013">{{Cite journal |last=Simonite |first=Tom |date=October 22, 2013 |title=The Decline of Wikipedia |url=https://www.technologyreview.com/2013/10/22/175674/the-decline-of-wikipedia/ |url-status=live |journal=[[MIT Technology Review]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220731083716/https://www.technologyreview.com/2013/10/22/175674/the-decline-of-wikipedia/ |archive-date=July 31, 2022 |access-date=November 30, 2013}}</ref> Ka Phukwi 2012, ''The Atlantic'' e ne ya bega gore palo ya batsamaisi le yone e ne e fokotsega. <ref name="Meyer-2012">{{Cite news|last=Meyer|first=Robinson|date=July 16, 2012|title=3 Charts That Show How Wikipedia Is Running Out of Admins|work=The Atlantic|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/07/3-charts-that-show-how-wikipedia-is-running-out-of-admins/259829|access-date=January 23, 2023}}</ref> Ka Ngwanatseele 2013, bukana ya ditshwantsho ya ''New York'' e ne ya bolela jaana, "Wikipedia, webosaete ya borataro e e dirisiwang thata, e lebagane le mathata a tsamaiso ya one." Palo ya bakwadi ba esaentlolopedia ya Sekgoa ba ba e dirisang gangwe le gape fa e sa le ka nako eo e ntse e tlhomame morago ga nako e telele ya go wela tlase. <ref>{{Cite news|last=F.|first=G.|date=May 5, 2013|title=Who really runs Wikipedia?|newspaper=The Economist|url=https://www.economist.com/the-economist-explains/2013/05/05/who-really-runs-wikipedia|access-date=November 26, 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mandiberg |first=Michael |date=February 23, 2020 |title=Mapping Wikipedia |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2020/02/where-wikipedias-editors-are-where-they-arent-and-why/605023/ |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211115131524/https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2020/02/where-wikipedias-editors-are-where-they-arent-and-why/605023 |archive-date=November 15, 2021 |access-date=November 26, 2021 |website=The Atlantic}}</ref> Ka Firikgong a le malatsi a le masome a mabedi, ngwaga wa 2014, Subodh Varma yo o neng a begela ''The Economic Times'' o ne a supa gore ga se fela gore kgolo ya Wikipedia e ne e eme, e ne e "latlhegetswe ke palo ya dipono tsa dikwalo di ka nna lesome mo lekgolong ngogola. Go nnile le phokotsego ye e ka nnang dikadikadike di le dikete tse pedi (2 billion) fa gare ga Sedimonthole 2012 le Sedimonthole 2013. Diphetolelo tsa yone tse di ratiwang thata ke tsone tse di eteletseng pele mo tsebeng: dipono tsa dikwalo tsa Wikipedia ya Sekgoa di fokotsegile ka lesome le bobedi mo lekgolong (12%), tsa mofuta wa Sejeremane di fokotsegile ka lesome le bosupa mo lekgolong (17%) mme tsa mofuta wa Sejapane di fokotsegile ka boferabongwe mo lekgolong (9%)." <ref name="economictimes.indiatimes.com">{{Cite news|last=Varma|first=Subodh|date=January 20, 2014|title=Google eating into Wikipedia page views?|work=The Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/29094246.cms|access-date=February 10, 2014}}</ref> Varma o ne a tlatsa a re, "Le fa baokamedi ba Wikipedia ba akanya gore se se ka tswa se bakilwe ke diphoso tsa go tsaa dipalo, baitseanape ba bangwe ba akanya gore lenaneo la Google la Knowledge Graphs le le simolotsweng ngogola le ka tswa le ne le tsaya badirisi ba Wikipedia." <ref name="economictimes.indiatimes.com" /> Fa go ikgolagangwa le ene, Clay Shirky, morutintshi-mmogo kwa Sekolo sa dithuto tse dikgolwane sa New York le modiri ka ene kwa Lekalana la Setšhaba le mafaratlhatlha a Inthanete la Berkman Klein la Harvard o ne a bolela gore o belaela gore bontsi jwa go fokotsega ga go lebelewa ga ditsebe go bakilwe ke Dikerafo tsa Kitso, a bolela jaana, "Fa o ka kgona go bona karabo ya potso ya gago mo tsebeng ya patlo, ga o tlhoke go [tobetsa] go ya pele." <ref name="economictimes.indiatimes.com" /> Kwa bokhutlong jwa Sedimonthole 2016, Wikipedia e ne ya fiwa maemo a botlhano mo webosaeteng e e itseweng thata mo lefatsheng lotlhe ka bophara. <ref name="Alexa">{{Cite web |title=Alexa Top 500 Global Sites |url=https://www.alexa.com/topsites |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210203120227/https://www.alexa.com/topsites |archive-date=February 3, 2021 |access-date=December 28, 2016 |website=[[Alexa Internet]]}}</ref> Go ema ka Firikgong 2023, go setse go nopotswe dikwalo di le dikete di le masome a matlhano le botlhano le makgolo a le bosupa le masome a le boferabongwe le bongwe (55 791) tsa Wikipedia ya Sekgoa makgetho a le dikete di le masome a le boferabongwe le bobedi le makgolo a le mararo (92 300 ) mo dibukaneng tsa barutegi, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Citations of Wikipedia as an Online Resource |url=https://exaly.com/online-resource/146983/en.wikipedia.org |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221104134042/https://exaly.com/online-resource/146983/en.wikipedia.org |archive-date=November 4, 2022 |access-date=November 4, 2022 |publisher=exaly}}</ref> tse go tswa mo go tsone tiriso ya dikitso tsa dikhomphiutha e neng e le tsebe e e nopotsweng thata. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Citations of Cloud Computing |url=https://exaly.com/online-document/8348259/articles/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221104134042/https://exaly.com/online-document/8348259/articles/ |archive-date=November 4, 2022 |access-date=November 4, 2022 |publisher=exaly}}</ref> === Dithulaganyo tse di berekang le yone === Wikipedia e tlhamile mananeo a le mmalwa a a berekang le ensaetlolopedia, tse gape e leng diwiki tse di tsamaisiwang ke [[Wikimedia Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] . [[Wikimedia Foundation|Mananeo a mangwe a Wikimedia]] a a akaretsa Wiktionary, lenaneo la bukana ya ithunthuntso mafoko e e neng ya simololwa ka Sedimonthole 2002, Wikiquote, kokoanyo ya dinopolo tse di tlhamilweng beke morago ga gore Wikimedia e simololwe, <ref>{{Cite book |last=Woods |first=Dan |year=2007 |title=Wikis for dummies |last2=Theony |first2=Peter |publisher=[[Wiley (publisher)|John Wiley & Sons]] |isbn=978-1-118-05066-8 |edition=1st |location=Hoboken, NJ |page=58 |chapter=3: The Thousand Problem-Solving Faces of Wikis |oclc=1300481129 |ol=5741003W}}</ref> Wikibooks, kokoanyo ya dibukathuto tsa mahala tse di kwadilweng ka tirisanommogo, <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=((Editors of Meta-Wiki)) |author-link=m:Special:History/Talk:Science Hypertextbook project |title=Talk:Science Hypertextbook project |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=153077 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230319183224/http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=153077 |archive-date=March 19, 2023 |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki}}</ref> [[Wikimedia Commons]] . e e neng e diretswe metswedi ya dikgang ya kitso e e gololesegileng, Wikinews, ya bobegadikgang jo bo dirisanang mmogo, le Wikiversity, lenaneo la go tlhama didirisiwa tsa go ithuta tsa mahala le go tlamela ka ditiro tsa go ithuta ka inthanete. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=((Editors of Wikiversity)) |author-link=v:Special:History/Wikiversity:History of Wikiversity |title=Wikiversity:History of Wikiversity |url=https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Wikiversity:History_of_Wikiversity |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150724204635/https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Wikiversity:History_of_Wikiversity |archive-date=July 24, 2015 |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=Wikiversity |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Lenaneo le lengwe la Wikipedia, Wikispecies, le nankolola mefuta ya ditshedi tsotlhe, mme ga e a bulegela go ka tlaletswa ke setšhaba. <ref>{{Cite journal |date=February 18, 2005 |title=NET News: Calling All Taxonomists |journal=Science |volume=307 |issue=5712 |page=1021 |doi=10.1126/science.307.5712.1021a |s2cid=220095354 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ka 2012, Wikivoyage, e leng kaedi ya mesepele e e ka tlaleletswang, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Luyt |first=Brendan |date=January 1, 2020 |title=A new kind of travel guide or more of the same? Wikivoyage and Cambodia |journal=Online Information Review |volume=45 |issue=2 |pages=356–371 |doi=10.1108/OIR-03-2020-0104}}</ref> le Wikidata, e leng motheo wa kitso o o ka tlaleletswang le one, di ne tsa simololwa. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=Roth |first=Matthew |date=March 30, 2012 |title=The Wikipedia data revolution |url=https://diff.wikimedia.org/2012/03/30/the-wikipedia-data-revolution/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210114634/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2012/03/30/the-wikipedia-data-revolution/ |archive-date=February 10, 2023 |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=Diff |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> === Diphitlhelelo === [[File:List_of_Wikipedia_articles_by_language_-_March_2024.svg|thumb|[[Cartogram]] showing number of articles in the top 88 Wikipedias ({{as of|2024|3|lc=y|post=).}} The size of the circles for Wikipedias that have less than a million articles is fixed and not proportional to the size of the Wikipedia. The smallest Wikipedia that made the cutoff is the [[Haitian Creole]] Wikipedia with 69K articles.{{efn|As of April 2026, the [[Haitian Creole]] Wikipedia, with 72K articles, is in 91st place when ranked by number of articles.}}<br /> The languages are roughly grouped by region: <br />{{hlist|{{legend0|#4C0099|[[Northern Europe]]}}|{{legend0|#CC0000|[[Southern Europe]]}}|{{legend0|#CCCC00|[[Eastern Europe]]}}|{{legend0|#CC6600|[[Middle East]]}}|{{legend0|#4C9900|[[East Asia]]}}|{{legend0|#00CDFF|[[Indian subcontinent]]}}|{{legend0|#660000|[[Sub-Saharan Africa]]}}|{{legend0|#808080|[[Central Asia]]}}|{{legend0|#6600CC|[[Caribbean]]}}}} ]] Ka Firikgong 2007, Wikipedia e ne ya nna nngwe ya diwebosaete tse di lesome tse di tumileng thata kwa Amerika, go ya ka Comscore Networks. <ref name="Comscore-2007">{{Cite web |date=February 15, 2007 |title=New Year's Resolutions Reflected in January U.S. Web Traffic |url=https://ir.comscore.com/static-files/45b068e1-1cee-412a-b48f-21ec34e7b59d |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210819190445/https://ir.comscore.com/static-files/45b068e1-1cee-412a-b48f-21ec34e7b59d |archive-date=August 19, 2021 |access-date=January 23, 2023 |website=[[Comscore]] |page=3 |format=PDF}}</ref> Ka badirisi ba yone ba ba kgethegileng ba le didikadike di le masome a mane le bobedi le dikete di le makgolo a le boferabongwe (42.9), e ne ya nna mo maemong a boferabongwe, e feta ''The New York Times'' (maemo a lesome) le Apple (maemo a lesome le bongwe). <ref name="Comscore-2007" /> Se se ne sa tshwaya koketsego e e bonalang go feta Firikgong 2006, fa Wikipedia e ne e le mo maemong a bomasome a le mararo le boraro, ka badirisi ba kgethegileng ba le didikadike di le lesome le boferabobedi le dikete di le makgolo a le mararo ka (18.3 million). Ka 2014, e ne ya amogela dipono tsa ditsebe di le didikadike di le dikete tse di boferabobedi (8 billion) kgwedi le kgwedi. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Wikimedia Traffic Analysis Report&nbsp;– Wikipedia Page Views Per Country |url=https://stats.wikimedia.org/wikimedia/squids/SquidReportPageViewsPerCountryOverview.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111020212633/http://stats.wikimedia.org/wikimedia/squids/SquidReportPageViewsPerCountryOverview.htm |archive-date=October 20, 2011 |access-date=March 8, 2015 |publisher=Wikimedia Foundation}}</ref> Ka Tlhakole a le malatsi ae boferabongwe, 2014, ''The New York Times'' e ne ya bega gore Wikipedia e ne e na le &nbsp;dipono tsa ditsebe di le dikadikadike di le dikete tse dilesome le boferabobedi (18 billion) le badirisi ba ba kgethegileng ba le didikadike di le makgolo a le matlhano (500 million) ka kgwedi, "go ya ka ditekanyetso tsa comScore". <ref name="small screen">{{Cite news|last=Cohen|first=Noam|author-link=Noam Cohen|date=February 9, 2014|title=Wikipedia vs. the Small Screen|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/10/technology/wikipedia-vs-the-small-screen.html?_r=0|access-date=January 22, 2023}}</ref> Go ema ka Mopitlo 2023, e ne le mo maemong a borataro ka go tuma go ya kaSimilarweb.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Similarweb |title=Top Websites Ranking – Most Visited Websites In The World |url=https://www.similarweb.com/top-websites/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220210041116/https://www.similarweb.com/top-websites/ |archive-date=February 10, 2022 |access-date=March 4, 2023 |website=[[Similarweb]]}}</ref> Jeff Loveland le Joseph Reagle ba nganga gore, mo tsamaisong, Wikipedia e latela mokgwa wa tsela e e telele wa diensaetlolopedia tsa ditso tse di kokoantseng ditokafatso ka bonya ka bonya ka " go kokoanya ga stigmergy ". <ref name="sagepub WP and encyclopedic production 1">{{Cite journal |last=Loveland |first=Jeff |last2=Reagle |first2=Joseph |date=January 15, 2013 |title=Wikipedia and encyclopedic production |journal=New Media & Society |volume=15 |issue=8 |page=1294 |doi=10.1177/1461444812470428 |issn=1461-4448 |s2cid=27886998}}</ref> <ref name="theatlantic WP actually a reversion 1">{{Cite web |last=Rosen |first=Rebecca J. |date=January 30, 2013 |title=What If the Great Wikipedia 'Revolution' Was Actually a Reversion? |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2013/01/what-if-the-great-wikipedia-revolution-was-actually-a-reversion/272697 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221229051117/https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2013/01/what-if-the-great-wikipedia-revolution-was-actually-a-reversion/272697/ |archive-date=December 29, 2022 |access-date=February 9, 2013 |website=[[The Atlantic]]}}</ref> Ka Firikgong a le malatsi a le lesome le boferabobedi, ngwaga wa 2012, Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e ne ya nna le seabe mo motseletseleng wa ditshupetso tse di rulagantsweng kgatlhanong le melao e mebedi e e neng e tshitshintswe kwa Lekgotlaneng la United States — Molao wa go Emisa go Utswa bodiratsi/dikwalo mo mafaratlhatlheng (SOPA) le Molao wa PROTECT IP (PIPA)—ka go fifatsa ditsebe tsa yone dioura di le masome a mabedi le bone . <ref name="LA Times Jan 19">{{Cite news|title=Wikipedia: SOPA protest led eight million to look up reps in Congress|url=https://latimesblogs.latimes.com/technology/2012/01/wikipedia-sopa-blackout-congressional-representatives.html|access-date=March 6, 2012}}</ref> Batho ba feta didikadike di le lekgolo le le lengwe le masome a mabedi ba bone tsebe e e neng e tlhalosa go fifafatsa moo e e neng e tsere maemo a diteng tsa ensaetlolopedia nakwana e e seng ya sennela ruri. <ref name="BBC WP blackout protest 1">{{Cite news|title=Wikipedia joins blackout protest at US anti-piracy moves|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-16590585|access-date=January 19, 2012}}</ref> <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=SOPA/Blackoutpage |url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/SOPA/Blackoutpage |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622185443/https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/SOPA/Blackoutpage |archive-date=June 22, 2018 |access-date=January 19, 2012 |publisher=Wikimedia Foundation}}</ref> Ka Firikgong 2013, 274301 Wikipedia, e leng asteroid, e ne ya bidiwa ka Wikipedia; <ref>{{Cite news|last=Workman|first=Robert|date=January 5, 2013|title=Asteroid Re-Named 'Wikipedia'|work=[[Space.com]]|url=https://www.space.com/19643-asteroid-named-wikipedia.html|access-date=January 23, 2023}}</ref> ka Phalane 2014, Wikipedia e ne ya tlotlomatswa ka ''Sefikantswe sa Wikipedia'' ; <ref>{{Cite news|last=Katz|first=Leslie|date=October 27, 2014|title=A Wikipedia monument? It's true (we're pretty sure)|work=[[CNET]]|url=https://www.cnet.com/tech/services-and-software/a-wikipedia-monument-its-true-were-pretty-sure/|access-date=January 23, 2023}}</ref> mme, ka Phukwi 2015, ditshutiso tsa Wikipedia di le lekgolo le le lengwe le borataro (106) mo go tse di dikete di le bosupa le makgolo a le mane le masome a le bosupa le boraro (7 473) tse di nang le ditsebe di le makgolo a le masupa 700 di ne tsa nna teng e le Wikipedia e e Gatisitsweng . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sawers |first=Paul |date=June 18, 2015 |title=You can soon buy a 7,471-volume printed version of Wikipedia for $500,000 |url=https://venturebeat.com/business/you-can-soon-buy-a-7471-volume-printed-version-of-wikipedia-for-500000/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221017154940/https://venturebeat.com/business/you-can-soon-buy-a-7471-volume-printed-version-of-wikipedia-for-500000/ |archive-date=October 17, 2022 |access-date=January 24, 2023 |website=VentureBeat}}</ref> Ka Moranang 2019, sefofane sa Iseraele se se fologang mo ngweding, Beresheet, se ne sa wela mo godimo ga [[Ngwedi]] se tshotse dikhophi tsa dikwalo tsa Wikipedia ya sekgoa tsotlhe di gateletswe mo dipoleiting tse ditshesane tsa nikele; baitseanape ba re go ka direga gore dipoleiti tse di ne tsa seka tsa amega fa tiragalo e ya go wa ga sefofane e diragala. <ref name="WRD-20190805">{{Cite news|last=Oberhaus|first=Daniel|date=August 5, 2019|title=A Crashed Israeli Lunar Lander Spilled Tardigrades On The Moon|work=[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]]|url=https://www.wired.com/story/a-crashed-israeli-lunar-lander-spilled-tardigrades-on-the-moon/|access-date=August 6, 2019}}</ref> <ref name="VOX-20190806">{{Cite news|last=Resnick|first=Brian|title=Tardigrades, the toughest animals on Earth, have crash-landed on the moon&nbsp;– The tardigrade conquest of the solar system has begun.|url=https://www.vox.com/science-and-health/2019/8/6/20756844/tardigrade-moon-beresheet-arch-mission|date=August 6, 2019|work=[[Vox (website)|Vox]]|access-date=August 6, 2019}}</ref> Ka Seetebosigo 2019, baitseanape ba maranyane ba ne ba bega gore 16 GB otlhe wa dikwalo tse di tswang mo Wikipedia ya Sekgoa o tsentswe mo DNA ya maitirelo . <ref name="CNET-20190629">{{Cite news|last=Shankland|first=Stephen|date=June 29, 2019|title=Startup packs all 16&nbsp;GB of Wikipedia onto DNA strands to demonstrate new storage tech&nbsp;– Biological molecules will last a lot longer than the latest computer storage technology, Catalog believes.|work=[[CNET]]|url=https://www.cnet.com/news/startup-packs-all-16gb-wikipedia-onto-dna-strands-demonstrate-new-storage-tech/|access-date=August 15, 2023}}</ref> Ka Firikgong a le lesome le boferabobedi, 2023, Wikipedia e ne ya simolodisa webosaete e ntšha e e baakantsweng , e e bidiwang " Vector 2022 ". <ref name="Pearl-2023">{{Cite web |last=Pearl |first=Mike |date=January 18, 2023 |title=Yes, Wikipedia looks weird. Don't freak out. |url=https://mashable.com/article/new-wikipedia-redesign |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230120012235/https://mashable.com/article/new-wikipedia-redesign |archive-date=January 20, 2023 |access-date=January 23, 2023 |website=[[Mashable]]}}</ref> <ref name="Tech Desk-2023">{{Cite web |last=Tech Desk |date=January 18, 2023 |title=Wikipedia gets a facelift after 10 years: A look at new interface and features |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/technology/wikipedia-gets-a-facelift-after-10-years-a-look-at-new-interface-and-features/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230119054103/https://indianexpress.com/article/technology/wikipedia-gets-a-facelift-after-10-years-a-look-at-new-interface-and-features/ |archive-date=January 19, 2023 |access-date=January 22, 2023 |website=The Indian Express}}</ref> E ne e na le tsebe ya lenaneo e e tlhamilweng sesha, e sutisetsa tafole ya diteng kafa molemeng go e dira baara e e kafa thoko, le diphetogo di le dintsi fa go tobediwang teng go tlhopha tse o batlang go di dirisa jaaka sedirisiwa sa go tlhopha puo. <ref name="Tech Desk-2023" /> <ref group="W">{{Cite news|date=January 18, 2023|title=Wikipedia Gets a Fresh New Look: First Desktop Update in a Decade Puts Usability at the Forefront|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-a-fresh-new-look-first-desktop-update-in-a-decade-puts-usability-at-the-forefront/|access-date=January 22, 2023}}</ref> Ntšhafatso e e ne ya amogela tsibogo e e sa siamang kwa tshimologong, segolobogolo fa bakwadi botlhe ba Wikipedia ya Seswahili ba ne ba tlhopha go busetsa diphetogo morago. <ref name="Pearl-2023" /> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Rauwerda |first=Annie |date=January 18, 2023 |title=Wikipedia's Redesign Is Barely Noticeable. That's the Point. |url=https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/wikipedia-redesign-vector-2022-skin.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230120005241/https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/wikipedia-redesign-vector-2022-skin.html |archive-date=January 20, 2023 |access-date=January 23, 2023 |website=Slate Magazine}}</ref> Bobedi jo, Sanger le Wales ba ne tsenelela dipotsolotso tse di phatlalatsa kwa bokhutlong jwa 2025 ka ga dikakanyo tsa bone ka ga maemo le seemo sa Wikipedia, go fitlha go felela fa dingwageng tsa one tse di masome a mabedi le botlhano e ntse e le mo tirisong ka Firikgong a le lesome le botlhano, ngwaga wa 2026; Wales o ne a tlhagelela mo thulaganyong ya dikgang tsa PBS mo lenaneong la GZERO World e e neng e botsolodiwa ke Ian Bremmer mme Sanger o ne a tlhagelela mo Dikgannyeng tsa Fox, e e neng e botsolodiwa ke Ashley Rindsberg . Buka ya ga Wales ya ''Melao e e Supa ya go Ikanyega'' e ne ya gatisiwa ke Penguin Random House ka Phalane 2025 . E ne ya tlhalosiwa ke mogatisi jaaka "kakanyo e e tseneletseng ka ga mathata a lefatshe a go ikanyega le kitso" e le buka e e kanokang "melao ya go tshepana" e e letleletseng kgolo le katlego ya Wikipedia. <ref name="Penguin">{{Cite web |title=The Seven Rules of Trust |url=https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/734278/the-seven-rules-of-trust-by-jimmy-wales-with-dan-gardner/ |access-date=22 October 2025 |website=[[Penguin Random House]] |language=en}}</ref> === Ditlamorago tsa maranyane a botlhale jwa maiterelo (generative AI ) mo dipalong tsa dipono tsa ditsebe tsa Wikipedia === Fa e sa le ka Firikgong 2024, Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o begile koketsego ya sephatlo mo lekgolong ya tiriso tsa dibandwith go tswa mo go bapaleng diteng tsa bobegakgang mo mananeong a one otlhe. Go ya ka mokgatlho yo, kgolo e e amana le mananeo a a iperekisang ka boone, kgotsa di-bot tsa " scraper ", tse di kokoanyang ditshutiso tsa kitso mo ditsebeng tsa Wikimedia gore di dirisiwe mo go katiseng didirisiwa tse ditona tsa puo le ditiro tse di amanang le tsone. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Weaver |first=Tanya |date=2025-04-04 |title=AI scraper bots putting costly strain on Wikimedia infrastructure |url=https://eandt.theiet.org/2025/04/04/ai-scraper-bots-are-putting-costly-strain-wikimedias-infrastructure |access-date=2025-10-22 |website=eandt.theiet.org}}</ref> Ka Phalane 2025, Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o ne wa bega palo kakanyetso e le boferabobedi mo lekgolong ya phokotsego ya pharakano fa go bapisiwa le kgwedi e e tshwanang ka 2024 mo diponong tse di dirilweng ke batho. Ba bua gore se se bontsha tiriso ya Maranyane a botlhale jwa maitirelo le metswedi ya dikgang di sedimosa ka fa batho ba ratang go batla kitso/dikgang ka teng. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ha |first=Anthony |date=2025-10-18 |title=Wikipedia says traffic is falling due to AI search summaries and social video |url=https://techcrunch.com/2025/10/18/wikipedia-says-traffic-is-falling-due-to-ai-search-summaries-and-social-video/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251221202413/https://techcrunch.com/2025/10/18/wikipedia-says-traffic-is-falling-due-to-ai-search-summaries-and-social-video/ |archive-date=December 21, 2025 |access-date=2025-10-22 |website=TechCrunch}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Marshall |date=2025-10-17 |title=New User Trends on Wikipedia |url=https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/10/17/new-user-trends-on-wikipedia/ |access-date=2025-10-22 |website=Diff}}</ref> <references /> == Tirisanommogo ya bakwadi == [[File:History_Comparison_Example_(Vector).png|thumb|Dipharologano tse di gateletsweng mo dikwalong tsa setlhogo se le sengwe]] === Melawana === Ka ntlha ya go tuma ga Wikipedia mo go ntseng go oketsega, dikgatiso dingwe, di akaretsa le tsa Sekgoa, di simolodisitse melawana e e laolang go tlaleletsa dikwalo fa gongwe. Ka sekai, mo Wikipedia ya sekgoa le dikgatiso dingwe tsa dipuo, badirisi ba ba nang le diphetogo di le lesome tsa dikwalo mme gape ba na le malatsi a le mane e le badirisi ke bone fela ba ba ka dirang dikwalo tse disha. Mo Wikipedia ya Sekgoa, gareng ga tse dingwe, ditsebe tse di bakang dikganetsano thata, tse di masisi, kgotsa tse di nang le kgonagalo ya go senngwa di ile tsa sirelediwa ka selekanyo se se farologaneng. <ref>{{Cite news|last1=Hafner|first1=Katie|date=June 17, 2006|title=Growing Wikipedia Refines Its 'Anyone Can Edit' Policy|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/06/17/technology/17wiki.html|access-date=December 5, 2016}}</ref> Tsebe e e senngwang gantsi e ka nna "e e sireleditsweng bontlhabongwe" kgotsa "e e sireleditsweng e netefaditswe gape e atolositswe", se se rayang gore ke fela bakwadi ba ba "tlhomamisitsweng" kgotsa ba ba "netefaditsweng mo go atolositsweng" ba ka e fetolang. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=12–13}}Setlhogo se se bakang dikganetsano thata se ka nna sa lotlelwa gore e nne batsamaisi fela ba ba ka dirang diphetogo. Lekwalo la 2021 mo ''Columbia Journalism Review'' le ne la supa melawana ya Wikipedia ya go sireletsa ditsebe jaaka "gongwe tsela e e botlhokwa thata" e e nang le yone ya go "laola mmaraka wa yone wa megopolo". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Harrison |first=Stephen |last2=Benjakob |first2=Omer |date=January 14, 2021 |title=Wikipedia is twenty. It's time to start covering it better. |url=https://www.cjr.org/opinion/wikipedia-is-twenty-its-time-to-start-covering-it-better.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117150508/https://www.cjr.org/opinion/wikipedia-is-twenty-its-time-to-start-covering-it-better.php |archive-date=January 17, 2023 |access-date=January 15, 2021 |website=[[Columbia Journalism Review]]}}</ref> Wikipedia e abetse di- bot ditiro dingwe . tsamaiso ya algorithm ya mofuta yoo e bonolo go tsenngwa mo tirisong le go lekanyediwa, mme go gana go amogela diphetogo mo go itirisang (automated rejection ) go ka tswa go nnile le seabe mo go fokotsegeng ga bakwadi ba ba matlhagatlhaga ba Wikipedia. <ref name="Ren-2024">{{Cite journal |last=Ren |first=Yuqing |last2=Zhang |first2=Haifeng |last3=Kraut |first3=Robert E. |date=February 29, 2024 |title=How Did They Build the Free Encyclopedia? A Literature Review of Collaboration and Coordination among Wikipedia Editors |url=https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3617369 |url-status=live |journal=ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction |volume=31 |issue=1 |pages=1–48 |doi=10.1145/3617369 |issn=1073-0516 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240912194101/https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3617369 |archive-date=September 12, 2024 |access-date=September 12, 2024}}</ref> Di-bot di tshwanetse go amogelwa ke badirisi pele ga ditiro tsa tsone di tsenngwa mo tirisong. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|page=36}} Mo dikgannyeng tse dingwe, bakwadi botlhe ba letlelelwa go romela diphetogo, fela go tlhokega tshekatsheko mo bakwading bangwe, go lebilwe diemo dingwe. Ka sekai, Wikipedia ya Sejeremane e boloka "diphetolo tse di tlhomameng" tsa dikwalo tse di fentseng go tlhatlhobiwa mo go rileng. Morago ga diteko tse di tsereng nako e telele le dipuisano tsa badirisi, Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e ne ya tlhagisa thulaganyo ya "diphetogo tse di santseng di letilwe" ka Sedimonthole ngwaga wa 2012. <ref name="BInsider pending changes intro 1">{{Cite news|last=Henderson|first=William|date=December 10, 2012|title=Wikipedia Has Figured Out A New Way To Stop Vandals In Their Tracks|work=[[Insider Inc.|Business Insider]]|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/pending-changes-safeguard-on-wikipedia-2012-12|access-date=January 22, 2023}}</ref> Ka fa tlase ga thulaganyo ye, diphetogo tsa badirisi ba basha le ba ba sa kwadisiwang mo dikwalong dingwe tse di bakang dikganetsano kgotsa tse di nnang di senngwa di sekasekwa ke badirisi ba ba tlhomameng pele ga di gatisiwa. <ref>{{Cite news|last1=Frewin|first1=Jonathan|date=June 15, 2010|title=Wikipedia unlocks divisive pages for editing|journal=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/10312095|access-date=August 21, 2014}}</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, melawana ya go tlaleletsa dikwalo e fokotsa go nna le seabe ga bakwadi ga mmogo le maiteko a go kabakanya morafe wa badirisi. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ajmani |first=Leah |last2=Vincent |first2=Nicholas |last3=Chancellor |first3=Stevie |date=September 28, 2023 |title=Peer Produced Friction: How Page Protection on Wikipedia Affects Editor Engagement and Concentration |url=https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3610198 |url-status=live |journal=Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction |volume=7 |issue=CSCW2 |pages=1–33 |doi=10.1145/3610198 |issn=2573-0142 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240915061444/https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3610198 |archive-date=September 15, 2024 |access-date=September 15, 2024}}</ref> Dikwalo tse di amanang le kgotlhang ya Iseraele le Palestina di bewa ka fa tlase ga tshireletso e e atolositsweng e e netefaditsweng. <ref name="Harrison-2023">{{Cite news|last=Harrison|first=Stephen|date=October 26, 2023|title=Wikipedia Is Covering the War in Israel and Gaza Better Than X|url=https://slate.com/technology/2023/10/wikipedia-elon-musk-gaza-hamas-israel-x-twitter-dispute.html|access-date=December 20, 2023|work=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]|issn=1091-2339}}</ref> Bakwadi gape ba ka dira phetogo ya go boela morago mafoko a bone gangwe fela ka letsatsi go ralala ensaetlolopedia yotlhe mme ba ka thibelwa ruri go tlaleletsa dikwalo tse di amanang le yone. Melawana e e simolotswe ka 2008. <ref name="Benjakob-2020a">{{Cite news|last=Benjakob|first=Omer|date=October 4, 2020|title=The Second Intifada Still Rages on Wikipedia|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2020-10-04/ty-article/.highlight/the-second-intifada-still-rages-on-wikipedia/0000017f-e7fb-da9b-a1ff-efff2c230000|access-date=March 6, 2024|newspaper=[[Haaretz]]}}</ref> Ka Firikgong 2025, Komiti ya Katlholo e ne ya simolodisa "melawana e e lekalekanang ya go tlaleletsa dikwalo", e e tlhokang gore badirisi ba ba nang le dithibelo ba neele fela nngwetharong ya diphetolo tsa bone mo dikwalong tse di amanang le kgotlhang ya Iseraele le Palestina le fa go se na melao epe ya boitshwaro jo bo sa siamang e e robilweng. <ref name="Elia-Shalev-2025">{{Cite web |last=Elia-Shalev |first=Asaf |date=January 24, 2025 |title=Edit wars over Israel spur rare ban of 8 Wikipedia editors — from both sides |url=https://www.jta.org/2025/01/23/israel/edit-wars-over-israel-spur-rare-ban-of-8-wikipedia-editors-from-both-sides |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250610091420/https://www.jta.org/2025/01/23/israel/edit-wars-over-israel-spur-rare-ban-of-8-wikipedia-editors-from-both-sides |archive-date=June 10, 2025 |access-date=May 27, 2025 |website=[[Jewish Telegraphic Agency]]}}</ref> === Tshekatsheko ya diphetogo === [[File:Wikipedia_editing_interface.png|thumb|tsebe ya diphetolo ya Wikipedia]] Le fa diphetogo di sa sekasekwe ka thulaganyo, sofotewere ya Wikipedia e tlamela ka didirisiwa tse di letlelelang mongwe le mongwe go sekaseka diphetogo tse di dirilweng ke ba bangwe. Tsebe ya Ditso ya lekwalo lengwe le sengwe e golagana le diphetolo dingwe le dingwe tsa yone.{{efn|Revisions with libelous content, criminal threats, or copyright infringements may be removed completely.}} Mo dikwalong ka bontsi, mongwe le mongwe o ka lebelela diphetogo tse disha mme gape a baakanya diphetolo tsa ba bangwe ka go tobetsa kgokagano e e mo tsebeng ya Ditso tsa lekwalo la teng. Badirisi ba ba kwadisitsweng ba ka nna ba tlhokometse dikwalo tse di ba kgatlhang ka go nna le "lenaneo la ditebelelo" gore ba kgone go itsisiwe ka diphetogo. "Kanoko ya ditsebe tse disha" ke thulaganyo e mo go yone dikwalo tse di sa tswang go tlhamiwa di tlholwang go bona gore a di na le mathata a a bonalang. Ka 2003, moithuti wa setlankana sa PhD sa dithuto tsa itsholelo Andrea Ciffolilli o ne a bolela gore ditshenyegelo tse di kwa tlase tsa go nna le seabe mo wiki di ne tsa dira gore go nne le tlhabololo ya tirisanommogo, le gore dikarolo tsa mofuta yoo di ne di letlelela gore go nne motlhofo go bona diphetolo tse di fetileng tsa tsebe, mme go ne go thusa ka "dikatlholo tse di agang" go na le "dikatlholo tse di senyang". <ref name="FMonday collaborative effort 1">{{Cite journal |last=Ciffolilli |first=Andrea |date=December 2003 |title=Phantom authority, self-selective recruitment and retention of members in virtual communities: The case of Wikipedia |journal=First Monday |volume=8 |issue=12 |doi=10.5210/fm.v8i12.1108 |doi-access=free}}</ref> === Tshenyo === Phetogo epe e e tshosetsang go thokgama ga Wikipedia ka bomo e tsewa e le go senya. Mefuta e e tlwaelegileng thata e e bonalang ya go senya e akaretsa go oketsa ka dilo tse di fatlhang le metlae e e sa siamang; gape e ka akaretsa ipapatso le mefuta e mengwe ya spam. Ka dinako tse dingwe bakwadi ba senya dikwalo ka go tlosa diteng kgotsa go tsenya tsebe e e senang sepe gotlhelele. Mefuta e e sa tlwaelegang thata ya tshenyo, jaaka go tlaletsa dikwalo ka dikgang tse di utlwalang mme di se boammaaruri ka bomo, di ka nna dingalo thata go lemosega. Batho ba ba senyang dikwalo ba ka tsenya fomate e e sa amaneng le sepe, ba fetola motheo wa tsebe jaaka setlhogo sa tsebe kgotsa go aroganngwa ga yone ka ditlhopha, ba dirisa khoutu e e ka fa tlase ga lekwalo ka boferefere, kgotsa ba dirisa ditshwantsho ka tsela e e kgoreletsang. [[File:John_Seigenthaler_Sr._speaking.jpg|alt=White-haired elderly gentleman in suit and tie speaks at a podium.|left|thumb|Mmegadikgang wa MoAmerika John Seigenthaler (1927–2014), setlhogo sa tiragalo ya buka ya botshelo jwa ga Seigenthaler]] Tshenyo e e bonalang ka kakaretso e motlhofo go ka ntshiwa mo dikwalong tsa Wikipedia; nako ya bogare ya go e lemoga le go e baakanya ke metsotso e le mmalwa. Le fa go ntse jalo, tshenyo ye nngwe e tsaya lobaka thata go ka lemogwa le go baakanngwa. Mo tiragalong ya buka ya botshelo jwa ga Seigenthaler, mokwadi mongwe yo o neng a ipipile leina a sa itsiwe o ne a tsenya kgang ye e e seng boammaaruri mo lekwalong la botshelo jwa moeteledipele wa sepolotiki wa Amerika e bong John Seigenthaler ka Motsheganong 2005, a mo kaya mo go maaka jaaka mmelaelwa wa polao ya ga John F. Kennedy . E ne ya nna e sa baakanngwa dikgwedi di le nne. Seigenthaler, mookamedi yo o simolotseng ''USA Today'' le motlhami wa lekgotlana la kgololesego ya Lekalana la Phetolo ya Ntlha kwa Sekolo sa dithuto tse dikgolwane sa Vanderbilt, o ne a leletsa motlhami-mmogo wa Wikipedia e bong Jimmy Wales mme a mmotsa gore a o na le tsela epe ya go itse gore ke mang yo o tsentseng kgang ye e senang boammaaruri yeo. Wales o ne a re ga itse, le fa mong wa molato a ne a feleletsa a latedisiwa. <ref name="book The World is Flat 1">{{Cite book |last=Friedman |first=Thomas L. |year=2007 |title=The World is Flat |publisher=[[Farrar, Straus & Giroux]] |isbn=978-0-374-29278-2 |page=124}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Buchanan |first=Brian |date=November 17, 2006 |title=Founder shares cautionary tale of libel in cyberspace |url=https://archive.firstamendmentcenter.org/news.aspx?id=17798 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221140311/https://archive.firstamendmentcenter.org/news.aspx?id=17798 |archive-date=December 21, 2012 |access-date=November 17, 2012 |publisher=[[First Amendment Center]]}}</ref> Morago ga tiragalo e, Seigenthaler o ne a tlhalosa Wikipedia e le "sedirisiwa sa patlisiso se se nang le diphoso gape se sena maikarabelo". Tiragalo e e ne ya dira gore go dirwe diphetogo tsa melawana kwa Wikipedia tsa go gagamatsa go netefadiwa ga dikwalo tse di buang ka matshelo a batho ba ba tshelang. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Helm|first=Burt|title=Wikipedia: "A Work in Progress"|url=https://www.businessweek.com/stories/2005-12-13/wikipedia-a-work-in-progress|date=December 13, 2005|access-date=July 26, 2012}}</ref> === Dikganetsano le dintwa tsa go tlaleletsa dikwalo === Bakwadi ba Wikipedia gantsi ba na le go sa dumalane mabapi le diteng, tse di ka tlotliwang mo ditsebeng tsa Puisano tsa dikwalo. Dikganetsano di ka felela ka diphetogo tse di gaisanang gangwe le gape mo dikwalong, tse di bidiwang "ntwa ya go tlaleletsa". <ref name="NBC WP editorial warzone 12">{{Cite news|last=Coldewey|first=Devin|date=June 21, 2012|title=Wikipedia is editorial warzone, says study|department=Technology|work=[[NBC News]]|url=https://sys03-public.nbcnews.com/technology/wikipedia-editorial-warzone-says-study-838793|access-date=March 26, 2021|archivedate=August 26, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826113318/http://sys03-public.nbcnews.com/technology/wikipedia-editorial-warzone-says-study-838793}}</ref> E bonwa ke botlhe jaaka seemo se se senyang didirisiwa mme go sena kitso epe e e mosola e e tsengwang, <ref>{{Cite book |last=Kalyanasundaram |first=Arun |date=December 2015 |title=2015 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC) |last2=Wei |first2=Wei |last3=Carley |first3=Kathleen M. |last4=Herbsleb |first4=James D. |publisher=IEEE |isbn=978-1-4673-9743-8 |location=Huntington Beach, CA |pages=276–287 |chapter=An agent-based model of edit wars in Wikipedia: How and when is consensus reached |citeseerx=10.1.1.715.2758 |doi=10.1109/WSC.2015.7408171}}</ref> gape e a kgalwa ka e tsewa e dira ngwao ya gore bakwadi ba nne le kgaisano e nang le kgotlhang <ref>{{Cite book |last=Suh |first=Bongwon |date=2009 |title=Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Wikis and Open Collaboration |last2=Convertino |first2=Gregorio |last3=Chi |first3=Ed H. |last4=Pirolli |first4=Peter |publisher=ACM Press |isbn=978-1-60558-730-1 |location=Orlando, FL |pages=1–10 |chapter=The singularity is not near |doi=10.1145/1641309.1641322 |doi-access=free}}</ref> se se amangwang le dikarolo tsa bong tsa banna tsa setso . <ref>{{Cite news|last=Torres|first=Nicole|date=June 2, 2016|title=Why Do So Few Women Edit Wikipedia?|url=https://hbr.org/2016/06/why-do-so-few-women-edit-wikipedia|access-date=August 20, 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bear |first=Julia B. |last2=Collier |first2=Benjamin |date=March 2016 |title=Where are the Women in Wikipedia? Understanding the Different Psychological Experiences of Men and Women in Wikipedia |journal=Sex Roles |volume=74 |issue=5–6 |pages=254–265 |doi=10.1007/s11199-015-0573-y |s2cid=146452625}}</ref> Dipatlisiso di itebagantse thata le, sekai, go tlhoka botho ka dikganetsano, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Khazraie |first=Marzieh |last2=Talebzadeh |first2=Hossein |date=February 7, 2020 |title="Wikipedia does NOT tolerate your babbling!": Impoliteness-induced conflict (resolution) in a polylogal collaborative online community of practice |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378216620300771 |url-status=live |journal=Journal of Pragmatics |volume=163 |pages=46–65 |doi=10.1016/j.pragma.2020.03.009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240914115833/https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378216620300771 |archive-date=September 14, 2024 |access-date=September 15, 2024}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Smirnov |first=Ivan |last2=Oprea |first2=Camelia |last3=Strohmaier |first3=Markus |date=December 1, 2023 |editor-last=Ognyanova |editor-first=Katherine |title=Toxic comments are associated with reduced activity of volunteer editors on Wikipedia |url=https://academic.oup.com/pnasnexus/article/doi/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad385/7457939 |url-status=live |journal=PNAS Nexus |volume=2 |issue=12 |doi=10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad385 |issn=2752-6542 |pmc=10697426 |pmid=38059265 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007101400/https://academic.oup.com/pnasnexus/article/doi/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad385/7457939 |archive-date=October 7, 2024 |access-date=September 15, 2024 |doi-access=free |article-number=pgad385}}</ref> tlhotlheletso ya dikampa tsa bakwadi tse di gaisanang, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lerner |first=Jürgen |last2=Lomi |first2=Alessandro |date=December 21, 2020 |title=The free encyclopedia that anyone can dispute: An analysis of the micro-structural dynamics of positive and negative relations in the production of contentious Wikipedia articles |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378873318300467 |url-status=live |journal=Social Networks |volume=60 |pages=11–25 |doi=10.1016/j.socnet.2018.12.003 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241126001010/https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378873318300467 |archive-date=November 26, 2024 |access-date=September 15, 2024}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Morris-O'Connor |first=Danielle A. |last2=Strotmann |first2=Andreas |last3=Zhao |first3=Dangzhi |date=April 4, 2023 |title=The colonization of Wikipedia: evidence from characteristic editing behaviors of warring camps |url=https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JD-04-2022-0090/full/html |url-status=live |journal=Journal of Documentation |volume=79 |issue=3 |pages=784–810 |doi=10.1108/JD-04-2022-0090 |issn=0022-0418 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231020151300/https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JD-04-2022-0090/full/html |archive-date=October 20, 2023 |access-date=November 14, 2023}}</ref> popego ya dipuisano, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ziembowicz |first=Karolina |last2=Roszczyńska-Kurasińska |first2=Magdalena |last3=Rychwalska |first3=Agnieszka |last4=Nowak |first4=Andrzej |date=October 3, 2022 |title=Predicting conflict-prone disputes using the structure of turn-taking: the case of Wikipedia |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369118X.2021.1924224 |url-status=live |journal=Information, Communication & Society |volume=25 |issue=13 |pages=1987–2005 |doi=10.1080/1369118X.2021.1924224 |issn=1369-118X |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007091334/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369118X.2021.1924224 |archive-date=October 7, 2024 |access-date=September 15, 2024}}</ref> le phetogo ya dikgotlhang go tlhoma mogopolo mo metsweding. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chhabra |first=Anamika |date=August 25, 2020 |title=Proceedings of the 16th International Symposium on Open Collaboration |last2=Kaur |first2=Rishemjit |last3=Iyengar |first3=S. R.S. |publisher=ACM |isbn=978-1-4503-8779-8 |pages=1–10 |chapter=Dynamics of Edit War Sequences in Wikipedia |doi=10.1145/3412569.3412585 |access-date=September 15, 2024 |chapter-url=https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3412569.3412585 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240915052238/https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3412569.3412585 |archive-date=September 15, 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="Ruprechter">{{Cite journal |last=Ruprechter |first=Thorsten |last2=Santos |first2=Tiago |last3=Helic |first3=Denis |date=September 9, 2020 |title=Relating Wikipedia article quality to edit behavior and link structure |journal=Applied Network Science |volume=5 |issue=1 |doi=10.1007/s41109-020-00305-y |issn=2364-8228 |doi-access=free |article-number=61}}</ref> Taha Yasseri wa Sekolo sa dithuto tse dikgolwane sa Oxford o ne a sekaseka dikgotlhang tsa go tlaleletsa/kwala dikwalo le go rarabololwa ga tsone mo patlisisong ya 2013. <ref name="Yasseri-2014">{{Cite book |last=Yasseri |first=Taha |author-link=Taha Yasseri |year=2014 |title=The Most Controversial Topics in Wikipedia: A Multilingual and Geographical Analysis |last2=Spoerri |first2=Anselm |last3=Graham |first3=Mark |last4=Kertész |first4=János |author-link4=János Kertész |publisher=Scarecrow Press |editor-last=Fichman, P. |doi=10.2139/SSRN.2269392 |ssrn=2269392 |editor-last2=Hara, N.}}</ref> Yasseri o ne a nganga gore go boela morago mo go bonolo fela kgotsa ditiro tsa "go dirolola" e ne e se selekanyo se se botlhokwa thata sa boitshwaro jo bo sa siamang jwa tiro kwa Wikipedia. O ne a ikaegile boemong jwa seo ka leano la "bakwadi ba le babedi ba bereka mmogo go boela ditlaleletso morago", le e leng gore mokwadi a le mongwe o tlaabo a busetsa morago go tlaleletsa ga mokwadi yo mongwe yo morago ga moo, ka tatelano, a boelang go busetsa tlaleletso ya mokwadi wa ntlha morago. Maduo a ne a tsenngwa mo lenaneong la diphetolelo di le mmalwa tsa dipuo tsa Wikipedia. Dikgotlhang tsa dipalo tse tharo tse di tona mo Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e ne e le tsa dikwalo tsa ga George W. Bush, botlhokapuso, le Muhammad . <ref name="Yasseri-2014" /> Fa go bapisiwa, mo Wikipedia ya Jeremane, dikgotlhang tsa dipalo tse tharo tse di tona ka nako ya patlisiso e ne e le tsa dikwalo tse di neng di bua ka Croatia, Scientology, le megopolo ka tiragalo ya 9/11 . <ref name="Yasseri-2014" /> Ka 2020, babatlisisi ba ne ba supa dikgato tse dingwe ka maitsholo a bakwadi, go feta go boela morago ditlaleletso ka bobedi, go supa dikgotlhang tsa go tlaleletsa dikwalo go ralala Wikipedia. <ref name="Ruprechter"/> Bakwadi gape ba ngangisana ka go phimolwa ga dikwalo mo Wikipedia, ka dingangisano tse di ntseng jalo di ka nna dikete di le makgolo a le matlhano fa e sa le Wikipedia e simololwa go tloga ka 2019. Fa lekwalo le sena go tlhophiwa go phimolwa, kganetsano gantsi e laolwa ke ditlhopo tsa ntlha (gore a le bolokwe kgotsa le phimolwe) le ka go umaka melawana ya tse di rileng tsa setlhogo. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mayfield |first=Elijah |last2=Black |first2=Alan W. |date=November 7, 2019 |title=Analyzing Wikipedia Deletion Debates with a Group Decision-Making Forecast Model |url=https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3359308 |url-status=live |journal=Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction |volume=3 |issue=CSCW |pages=1–26 |doi=10.1145/3359308 |issn=2573-0142 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240915025504/https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3359308 |archive-date=September 15, 2024 |access-date=September 15, 2024}}</ref> == Melao le diteng == Wikipedia e na le mafelo a maina a a farologaneng a le lesome le bongwe mme dikwalo tsa yone di teng mo ''lefelong la maremelelo'' . Mafelo a mangwe a maina a na le ketapele pele ga setlhogo sa tsebe ya one mme a diragatsa maikaelelo a a farologaneng. Sekai, lefelo la maina a lenaneo le o a dirisa ketapele ''ya Wikipedia'' mme gape le dirisediwa dipuisano tse di amanang le go ipusa. Bontsi jwa babadi ga ba itse ka mafelo a a mangwe a maina. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|page=3}} Melaometheo ya morafe wa badirisi ba Wikipedia e akareditswe mo "Dipilara tse Tlhano", fa melaometheo e e tseneletseng ya go tlaleletsa dikwalo e tlhagisiwa mo melaong le dikaedi tse dintsi tse di diretsweng go bopa diteng mo go tshwanetseng. Dipilara tse tlhano tseo ke: * Wikipedia ke ensaetlolopedia * Wikipedia e kwadilwe ka tsela e e sa tseyeng letlhakore * Diteng tsa Wikipedia ke tsa mahala tse mongwe le mongwe a ka di dirisang, a di tlaleletsa, le go di anamisa * Bakwadi ba Wikipedia ba tshwanetse go tshwarana ka tlotlo le maitseo * Wikipedia ga e na melao e e kgopo Melao e e tlhamilweng ke badirisi e bolokwa mo lefelong la maina la Wikipedia, mme bakwai ba Wikipedia ba kwala le go tlhabolola melao le dikaelo tsa webosaete go ya ka tumalano ya badirisi. <ref name="pcworld who's behind WP">{{Cite web |date=February 6, 2008 |title=Who's behind Wikipedia? |url=https://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/id;1866322157;fp;2;fpid;2 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080209110303/https://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/id%3B1866322157%3Bfp%3B2%3Bfpid%3B2 |archive-date=February 9, 2008 |access-date=February 7, 2008 |website=PC World |page=2}}</ref> Kwa tshimologong, melao ya dikgatiso tse e seng tsa Sekgoa tsa Wikipedia e ne e beilwe mo thanolong ya melao ya Wikipedia ya Sekgoa. Fa e sa le ka nako eo e ile ya fapoga golo gongwe. === Melao ya diteng le dikaelo === Go ya ka melao ya morafe wa badirisi ba Wikipedia ya Sekgoa, lekwalo lengwe le lengwe mo Wikipedia le tshwanetse go nna le setlhogo se se maleba go nna mo [[wiktionary:encyclopedic|ensaetlolopedia]] mme e se lekwalo le le kwadilweng kana le utlwalega jaaka buka ya tlhaloso ya mafoko. Setlhogo gape se tshwanetse go fitlhelela maemo a Wikipedia a "notability", se se rayang gore setlhogo se tshwanetse gore a bo se kile sa akarediwa thata mo metsweding e e ikanyegang e e ikemetseng ka nosi mo setlhogong sa lekwalo leo. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=53–54}}Wikipedia e ikaeletse go fetisa fela kitso e e setseng e tlhomilwe gape e lemogwa ka jalo ga e a tshwanela go tlhagisa dipatlisiso tsa ntlha tsa setlhogo sa palo. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|page=32}}Ditlhogo tsa dipalo tse dingwe, jaaka tsa mapolotiki le barutegi, di na le melwana e e kgethegileng. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=53–54}}La bofelo, Wikipedia e tshwanetse go supa karolo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore. Se se fitlhelelwa ka go soboka metswedi e e ikanyegang, go dirisa puo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore, le go tlhomamisa gore go tlhagisiwa dintlha tse dintsintsi go ikaegile ka gore di tlhagelela go le kana kang. Dikgang/kitso gape e tshwanetse gore a bo e ka netefadiwa. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=5–7}}Lekwalo le le senang dinopolo le ka nna la tshwaiwa kgotsa la phimolwa gotlhelele. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|page=33}}Se ka dinako tse dingwe se ka dira gore go phimolwe lekwalo(tshedimosetso) , le fa e le boammaaruri, e le gore ga e na metswedi sentle. <ref name="IHT WP valid info wrong removable 1">{{Cite news|last=Cohen|first=Noam|author-link=Noam Cohen|date=August 9, 2011|title=For inclusive mission, Wikipedia is told that written word goes only so far|page=18|newspaper=[[International Herald Tribune]]}}</ref> Jaaka fa melao ya Wikipedia e ntse e fetoga mo tsamaong ya nako, gape e nna dingalo, palo ya yone e ile ya gola. Ka 2008, go ne go na le ditsebe tsa melao di le masome a mane le bone le ditsebe tsa dikaelo di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a le mane le boferabobedi (248); ka 2013, barutegi ba ne ba bala ditsebe tsa melao di le makgolo a le mararo le masome a le boferabobedi le boraro (383) le ditsebe tsa dikaelo di le makgolo a le mane le masome a le mane le boferabongwe (449). <ref name="Ren-2024"/> == Tsamaiso/Puso == Puso ya ntlha ya Wikipedia e ne ya kopanya dikarolo tsa puso ya batho ka batho le tsa tatelano ya maemo fa nako e ntse e tsamaya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sanger |first=Larry |author-link=Larry Sanger |date=April 18, 2005 |title=The Early History of Nupedia and Wikipedia: A Memoir |url=https://features.slashdot.org/story/05/04/18/164213/the-early-history-of-nupedia-and-wikipedia-a-memoir |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090525051304/http://features.slashdot.org/features/05/04/18/164213.shtml |archive-date=May 25, 2009 |access-date=January 24, 2023 |website=[[Slashdot]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kostakis |first=Vasilis |date=March 2010 |title=Identifying and understanding the problems of Wikipedia's peer governance: The case of inclusionists versus deletionists |url=https://firstmonday.org/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/2613/2479 |url-status=live |journal=First Monday |volume=15 |issue=3 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210310125049/https://firstmonday.org/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/2613/2479 |archive-date=March 10, 2021 |access-date=March 26, 2021}}</ref> Lekwalo ga le tsewe e le la motlhami wa lone kgotsa mokwadi ope yo mongwe, le fa e le yo go buiwang ka ene (setlhogo) mo go lone. Bakwadi ba ba mo maemong a a siameng mo morafeng ww badirisi ba ka kopa ditshwanelo tse dingwe tsa bodirisi, se se ka ba nayang bokgoni jwa setegeniki jwa go dira ditiro dingwe tse di kgethegileng. Ditshwanelo dingwe tsa bodirisi di neelwa ka go itirisa (automatically), jaaka ditlhopha tse ''di netefaditsweng ka go itirisa'' le ''tse di netefaditsweng tse di atolositsweng'', fa dingwaga tsa akhaonte le diphetogo tsa dikwalo tse di batliwang di fitlhelelwa. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=12–13}} === Batsamaisi === Bakwadi ba ba nang le kitso ya bodirisi ba ka tlhopha go tsenelela ditlhopho tsa " botsamaisi ", jo bo akaretsang bokgoni jwa go phimola ditsebe kgotsa go di thibela gore di se ka tsa fetolwa mo dikgetseng tsa tshenyo e e masisi kgotsa dikgotlhang tsa dikwalo. Batsamaisi ga ba a tshwanela go nna le dithata dipe tse di kgethegileng tsa go dira ditshwetso; go na le seo, dithata tsa bone di lekanyeditswe thata mo go direng diphetogo tse di botlhokwa thata tsa mananeo mme ka jalo ga di letlelelwe bakwadi ba ba tlwaelesegileng, le go diragatsa dithibelo tse di ikaeletseng go thibela bakwadi ba ba kgoreletsang go dira diphetogo tse di senang mosola. <ref name=":6" group="W" /> Ka 2012, bakwadi ba le mmalwa ba ne ba nna batsamaisi fa ba bapisiwa le dingwaga tsa pele tsa Wikipedia, bontlhabongwe jwa lobaka la kgang e e le gore thulaganyo ya go tlhatlhoba batsamaisi ba ba ka nnang teng e ne e setse e gagametse thata. <ref name="Meyer-2012">{{Cite news|last=Meyer|first=Robinson|date=July 16, 2012|title=3 Charts That Show How Wikipedia Is Running Out of Admins|work=The Atlantic|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/07/3-charts-that-show-how-wikipedia-is-running-out-of-admins/259829|access-date=January 23, 2023}}</ref> Ka 2022, go ne ga nna le kopo e e neng ya baka dikganetsano thata ya botsamaisi ka ga maikutlo a ntlhopheng yo o neng a le kgatlhanong le Trump; kwa bofelong, ba ne ba newa botsamaisi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Harrison |first=Stephen |date=June 16, 2022 |title=Inside Wikipedia's Historic, Fiercely Contested "Election" |url=https://slate.com/technology/2022/06/wikipedia-administrator-election-tamzin.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220824123521/https://slate.com/technology/2022/06/wikipedia-administrator-election-tamzin.html |archive-date=August 24, 2022 |access-date=July 22, 2022 |website=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]}}</ref> === Tharabololo ya dikgotlhang === Mo tsamaong ya nako, Wikipedia e tlhamile thulaganyo ya go rarabolola dikgotlhang e e sa tlhomamang tota-tota. Go tlhomamisa tumalano gareng ga morafe wa badirisi, bakwadi ba ka tlhagisa dikgang kwa makgotlaneng a badirisi a a maleba, ba batla dikakgelo kwa ntle ka dikopo tsa maikutlo a boraro, kgotsa ba simolola dipuisano tsa morafe wa badirisi ka kakaretso, yo o bidiwang "kopo ya kakgelo", e mo go yone di-bot di tsenyang puisano eo mo lenaneong le le kopantsweng la dipuisano, mme bakwadi a bo ba lalediwa go tsaya karolo, mme morago ba sutlhe puisano eo mo lenaneong morago ga malatsi a le masome a boraro. Le fa go ntse jalo, bakwadi ba na le tshwanelo ya go tswala (le go sutlha) puisano eo pele kgotsa morago ga nako. Fa maduo a puisano a sa bonale sentle, mokwadi yo o gaufi yo o sa amegeng yo gantsi a leng mo maemong a a siameng a ka ntsha katlholo go ya ka maatla a mabaka a a ntshiwang le palo ya batho ba ba ngangisanang mo matlhakoreng otlhe. <ref name="Bandler-2024">{{Citation|last=Bandler|first=Aaron|date=June 21, 2024|title=Wikipedia Editors Label ADL Only Reliable for Antisemitism When 'Israel and Zionism Are Not Concerned'|url=https://jewishjournal.com/news/united-states/372532/wikipedia-editors-label-adl-only-reliable-for-antisemitism-when-israel-and-zionism-are-not-concerned/|access-date=May 3, 2025}}</ref> Badirisi ba Wikipedia ba gatelela gore thulaganyo e ga se go tlhopha ka go umaka dipego tsa maikutlo mo dipuisanong tseo jaaka "!vote", e mo go lone letshwao la kgakgamatso e leng letshwao la go ganetsa ka tsela e e utlwalang mme le bidiwa "nnyaa". <ref>{{Citation|last=Harrison|first=Stephen|title=Wikipedia's War on the Daily Mail|date=July 1, 2021|work=Slate|url=https://slate.com/technology/2021/07/wikipedia-daily-mail-generally-unreliable.html|access-date=May 13, 2025|issn=1091-2339}}</ref> Wikipedia e rotloetsa ditharabololo tsa dikgotlhang, tse Jemielniak a reng di kgethegile thata mo dithutong tsa mokgatlho, le fa go nnile le kgatlhego ya bosheng jaana mo go ageng tumalano mo lephateng le. <ref name="Jemielniak">{{Cite book |last=Jemielniak |first=Dariusz |year=2014 |title=Common Knowledge?: An Ethnography of Wikipedia |publisher=[[Stanford University Press]] |isbn=978-0-8047-9120-5 |location=Stanford, CA |doi=10.2307/j.ctvqsdrf9 |jstor=j.ctvqsdrf9}}</ref> Reagle le Sue Gardner ba nganga gore mekgwa ya go aga tumalano e tshwana le e e dirisiwang ke ba-Quakers . <ref name="Jemielniak" />{{Rp|page=62}}Pharologanyo le diphuthego tsa ba-Quaker ke go tlhoka motsamaisi fa go na le go sa dumalana, e leng seabe se se tshamekiwang ke mokwaledi mo diphuthegong tsa Ba-Quaker. <ref name="Jemielniak" />{{Rp|page=83}} ==== Komiti ya Katlholo ==== Komiti ya Katlholo e okametse thulaganyo ya bofelo ya tharabololo ya dikgotlhang. Le fa gantsi dikgotlhang di tsoga ka ntlha ya go sa dumalane ka megopolo e mebedi e e ganetsanang ka lekwalo le tshwanetseng go balega ka teng, Komiti ya Katlholo e gana tota ka go dira tshwetso ka tlhamalalo ka mogopolo yo o tshwanetseng go amogelwa. <ref name="Hoffman-2009">{{Cite journal |last=Hoffman |first=David A. |last2=Mehra |first2=Salil K. |date=March 5, 2009 |title=Wikitruth Through Wikiorder |url=https://scholarlycommons.law.emory.edu/elj/vol59/iss1/3/ |url-status=live |journal=Emory Law Journal |volume=59 |issue=1 |ssrn=1354424 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613214656/https://scholarlycommons.law.emory.edu/elj/vol59/iss1/3/ |archive-date=June 13, 2021 |access-date=November 15, 2024}}</ref> Ditshekatsheko tsa dipalopalo di supa gore komiti ya Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e itlhokomolosa diteng tsa dikgotlhang mme go na le moo e remelela thata mo goreng dikgotlhang di tsamaisiwe jang, e sa dire thata go rarabolola dikgotlhang le go dira kagiso fa gare ga bakwadi ba ba ganetsenang, mme e ntsha bakwadi ba ba dingalo e ntse e letla bakwadi ba tlhaga go boela go tsaya karolo gape. <ref name="Hoffman-2009">{{Cite journal |last=Hoffman |first=David A. |last2=Mehra |first2=Salil K. |date=March 5, 2009 |title=Wikitruth Through Wikiorder |url=https://scholarlycommons.law.emory.edu/elj/vol59/iss1/3/ |url-status=live |journal=Emory Law Journal |volume=59 |issue=1 |ssrn=1354424 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613214656/https://scholarlycommons.law.emory.edu/elj/vol59/iss1/3/ |archive-date=June 13, 2021 |access-date=November 15, 2024}}</ref> Ka jalo, komiti ga e laole diteng tsa dikwalo, le fa ka dinako tse dingwe e kgala diphetogo tsa diteng fa e tsaya gore diteng tse disha di tlola melao ya Wikipedia (sekai, fa diteng tse disha di tsewa di tsaya letlhakore).{{efn|The committee may directly rule that a content change is inappropriate, but may not directly rule that certain content is inappropriate.}} Ditharabololo tse di dirisiwang gantsi di akaretsa dikgalemo le go beewa leitlho thata( di dirisiwa mo dikgetseng di le masome a le marataro le boraro mo lekgolong (63%)) le go kobela ruri bakwadi mo dikwalong (masome a le mane le boraro mo lekgolong (43%)), dikgang tsa setlhogo (masome a le mabedi le boraro mo lekgolong (23%)), kgotsa mo Wikipedia (lesome le borataro mo lekgolong(16%)). <ref name="Hoffman-2009" /> Go kobelwa ruri mo go feletseng mo Wikipedia gantsi go beetswe fela dikgetse di tshwana le go ipaya o le motho yo mongwe le boitshwaro jwa go sa dirisana le batho ba bangwe sentle . Fa boitshwaro e se go ipaya o le motho yo mongwe kgotsa go nna kgatlhanong le go tshela sentle le batho ba bangwe, mme e le jwa dintwa tsa dikwalo le go roba melao e mengwe ya go tlaleletsa/kwala dikwalo, ditharabololo di na le go ema ka dikgalemo fela. <ref name="Hoffman-2009" /> pyn012nkzsdzak9ckmu8uz0311hfl4b 52552 52534 2026-07-15T23:45:26Z Khumo Batolomi 11767 Created by translating the section "Community" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1364295772|Wikipedia]]" 52552 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox website | name = Wikipedia | logo = [[File:Wikipedia-logo-v2-tn.svg|250px]] | logo_caption = Sekano sa [[Wikipedia]] | screenshot = Wikipedia Portal Screenshot (2022).svg{{!}}border | screenshot_alt = Wikipedia portal showing the different languages sorted by article count | collapsible = yes | caption = Tebego ya tsebe ya konokono ya Wikipedia ka komputara | type = [[Maranyane a encyclopedia]] | language_count = {{NUMBEROF|languages|Wikipedia}} | country_of_origin = United States | owner = {{Unbulleted list|[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|}} | authors = {{Unbulleted list|[[Jimmy Wales]]|[[Larry Sanger]]}} | url = {{URL|https://www.wikipedia.org/|wikipedia.org}} | commercial = Nyaa | registration = Wa ithopela | num_users = [[List of Wikipedias#Statistics totals|>{{formatnum:{{#expr:{{NUMBEROF|ACTIVEUSERS|totalactive.wikipedia}}}}}}]] active editors<ref> To be considered [[Special:ActiveUsers|active]], a user must make at least one edit or other action in a given month.</ref><br />[[list of Wikipedias#Statistics totals|>{{formatnum:{{#expr:{{NUMBEROF|USERS|totalactive.wikipedia}}}}}}]] registered users | launch_date = {{Start date and age|mf=yes|p=yes|br=yes|2001|1|15}} | current_status = Active | content_license = {{Nowrap|[[Creative Commons license|CC Attribution / Share-Alike]] 3.0}}<br />Most text is also dual-licensed under [[GNU Free Documentation License|GFDL]]; media licensing varies | programming_language = [[LAMP (software bundle)|LAMP]] platform<ref name="roadchap">{{cite web |url=https://rogchap.com/2011/09/06/top-40-website-programming-languages/ |title= Top 40 Website Programming Languages |website= rogchap.com |author= Chapman, Roger |date= September 6, 2011 |access-date= September 6, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130922015103/https://rogchap.com/2011/09/06/top-40-website-programming-languages/ |archive-date= September 22, 2013}}</ref> | oclc = 52075003 }} '''Wikipedia''' ke [[Ensaetlolopedia|ensatlolopedia]] ya mahala. E botlhokwa tota go dirisediwa go ka tlaleletsa dithuto. E fitlhelelwa ke mongwe le mongwe. Motho o ka dirisa mogala wa letheka kgotsa mafaratlhatlha a inthanete (internet) go ka batla kitso ka sengwe. ==Metswedi== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Wikipedia]] == Ditso == Go ne ga lekeletswa diensaetlolopedia tse di farologaneng tsa tirisanommogo tsa mo mafaratlhatlheng (inthanete) pele ga go simololwa ga Wikipedia, mme tsotlhe tsa atlega fela e seng mo go kalo kalo. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Garber |first=Megan |date=October 12, 2011 |title=The contribution conundrum: Why did Wikipedia succeed while other encyclopedias failed? |url=https://www.niemanlab.org/2011/10/the-contribution-conundrum-why-did-wikipedia-succeed-while-other-encyclopedias-failed/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210114540/https://www.niemanlab.org/2011/10/the-contribution-conundrum-why-did-wikipedia-succeed-while-other-encyclopedias-failed/ |archive-date=February 10, 2023 |access-date=June 5, 2016 |website=Nieman Lab}}</ref> Wikipedia e simolotse e le lenaneo le le tlaleletsang Nupedia, e leng thulaganyo ya mahala ya mafaratlhatlha a inthanete ya ensaetlolopedia ya puo ya Sekgoa e makwalo a yone a neng a kwalwa ke baitseanape le go sekasekwa ka fa tlase ga thulaganyo e e tlhomameng. <ref name="KockJungSyn2016">{{Cite journal |last=Kock |first=Ned |author-link=Ned Kock |last2=Jung |first2=Yusun |last3=Syn |first3=Thant |date=2016 |title=Wikipedia and e-Collaboration Research: Opportunities and Challenges |url=https://cits.tamiu.edu/kock/pubs/journals/2016JournalIJeC_WikipediaEcollaboration/Kock_etal_2016_IJeC_WikipediaEcollaboration.pdf |url-status=live |journal=[[International Journal of e-Collaboration]] |publisher=IGI Global |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=1–8 |doi=10.4018/IJeC.2016040101 |issn=1548-3681 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160927001627/https://cits.tamiu.edu/kock/pubs/journals/2016JournalIJeC_WikipediaEcollaboration/Kock_etal_2016_IJeC_WikipediaEcollaboration.pdf |archive-date=September 27, 2016}}</ref> E tlhomilwe ka Mopitlo a le malatsi a le boferabongwe, ngwaga wa 2000, e le ya Bomis, e leng kompone ya web portal . Batho ba bagolo ba yone e ne e le Mookamedi-mogolo wa Bomis e bong Jimmy Wales le Larry Sanger, morulaganyi-mogolo wa Nupedia mme moragonyana wa Wikipedia. Nupedia e neilwe teseletso lantlha ka fa tlase ga teseletso ya yone ya Diteng tse di Buletsweng tsa Nupedia. Pele ga Wikipedia e tlhongwa, Nupedia e ne ya fetogela kwa Teseletso ya Dikwalo ya Mahala ya GNU se se rotloediwa ke Richard Stallman . Gantsi Wales o fiwa tlotla gore o ne a kgona go tlhalosa ka botlalo maikano a go dira ensaetlolopedia e makwalo a yone a kgonang go kwalwa le go baakangwa ke setshaba , fa Sanger ene a bokelwa go tswa ka leano la go dirisa wiki go fitlhelela maikano ao. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-01-15 |title=Tech Rewind: How Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia came to be |url=https://www.mid-day.com/lifestyle/health-and-fitness/article/tech-rewind--how-wikipedia--the-free-encyclopedia-came-to-be-15915177 |access-date=2026-01-08 |website=Mid-day |language=en}}</ref> Ka Firikgong a le malatsi a le lesome, ngwaga wa 2001, Sanger o ne a ntsha mogopolo mo dithomelong tsa Nupedia go tlhama wiki gore e bereke go "thusa" lenaneo la Nupedia. <ref name="nupedia feeder from WP 1" group="W">{{Cite news|last=Sanger|first=Larry|date=January 10, 2001|title=Let's Make a Wiki|url=https://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html|access-date=December 26, 2008|publisher=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref> === Tshimololo le kgolo === Wikipedia e simolodisitswe ka Firikgong a le malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2001, (ka dinako tse dingwe le bidiwa "Letsatsi la Wikipedia"), {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|page=7}} e le kgatiso e le nngwe ya puo ya Sekgoa e e nang le leina la kgolagano ya ''www.wikipedia.com'', mme le ne la bolelwa ke Sanger mo dithomelong tsa Nupedia. Leina le, le le duleng ka Sanger go thibela tshenyo epe e e ka nnang teng mo leineng la Nupedia, <ref>{{Cite news|last=Larry Sanger|author-link=Larry Sanger|date=11 January 2001|title=Re: [Advisory-l] The wiki...|publisher=Nupedia mailing list|url=http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html}}</ref> le simolotse mo motswakong wa mafoko ''wiki'' le ''encyclopedia'' . Wales o boletse gore kgopolo ya Wikipedia e ne ya tlhotlhelediwa ke dikgopolo tsa thulaganyo e e sa rulaganngwang e e neng e amana le Friedrich Hayek le [[Austrian School|Sekolo sa tsa itsholelo sa kwa Austria]] morago ga gore moitseanape wa tsa itsholelo yo o ratang kgololesego e bong Mark Thornton a supe megopolo ye . <ref>{{Cite news|date=2009-04-15|title=Wikipedia's Model Follows Hayek - WSJ|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB123976347774119699}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Mangu-Ward |first=Katherine |date=2007-05-30 |title=Wikipedia and Beyond |url=https://reason.com/2007/05/30/wikipedia-and-beyond/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210725210204/https://reason.com/2007/05/30/wikipedia-and-beyond/ |archive-date=July 25, 2021 |access-date=2026-04-21 |website=Reason.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Segolobogolo, Wales o ne ya tlhotlhelediwa ke polelo ya ga Hayek ya Tiriso ya Kitso mo Setšhabeng e e neng e bolela gore e ne e le "konokono" mo mogopolong wa gagwe ka ga "kafa a ka laolang lenaneo la Wikipedia ka teng". <ref name=":0" /> Molao wa tsamaiso ya yone o o botlhokwa wa " pono e e sa tseyeng letlhakore " o ne wa simolola mo ngwageng wa yone wa ntlha . {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|page=29}}Mme fela, go ne go na le melao e mmalwa, mme e ne e bereka e sa laolwe ke Nupedia. Bomis kwa tshimologong e ne e ikaeletse gore e nne kgwebo e e dirang dipoelo. <ref name="Seth-Finkelstein">{{Cite news|date=September 25, 2008|title=Read me first: Wikipedia isn't about human potential, whatever Wales says|work=[[The Guardian]]|location=London|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2008/sep/25/wikipedia.internet|access-date=January 23, 2023}}</ref> Wikipedia e ne ya bona bakwadi/batlatsi ba ntlha go tswa mo Nupedia, dipego tsa ''Slashdot'', le go dira dikgolagano tsa enjene ya patlo ya webo. Dikgatiso tsa puo di ne tsa tlhamiwa go simolola ka Mopitlo 2001, mme palo yotlhe ya tse di ne di dirisiwang di le lekgolo le masome a le marataro le bongwe kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2004. Nupedia le Wikipedia di ne tsa nna mmogo go fitlhela disefara tsa Nupedia di emisetswa ruri ka 2003, mme dikwalo tsa yone di ne tsa tsenngwa mo Wikipedia. Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e fetile letshwao la dikwalo tse di didikadike di le pedi (2 million) ka Lwetse a le malatsi a le boferabongwe, ngwaga wa 2007, mme se se ne sa e dira gore e nne ensaetlolopedia e kgolo go gaisa tsotlhe tse di kileng tsa kokoanngwa, e feta ''Ensaetlolopedia ya Yongle'' e e neng ya dirwa kwa China ka nako ya puso ya ga Ming ka 1408, e e neng e tshwere rekoto ya teng dingwaga di ka nna makgolo a le marataro. Ka ntlha ya go tshaba papatso ya dikgwebo le go tlhoka taolo, badirisi ba Wikipedia ya Sepanishe ba ne ba tswa mo Wikipedia go tlhama {{Lang|es|[[Enciclopedia Libre]]}} ka Tlhakole 2002. <ref name="EL fears and start 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=[long] Enciclopedia Libre: msg#00008 |url=https://osdir.com/ml/science.linguistics.wikipedia.international/2003-03/msg00008.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006065927/https://osdir.com/ml/science.linguistics.wikipedia.international/2003-03/msg00008.html |archive-date=October 6, 2008 |access-date=December 26, 2008 |website=Osdir}}</ref> Morago ga moo Wales o ne a ntsha kitsiso ya gore Wikipedia ga e kitla e bontsha dikgang tsa ipapatso mme ya fetola kgolagano ya dikhomphiutha go tswa go ''wikipedia.com'' go ya go ''wikipedia.org'' . <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=Vibber |first=Brion |date=August 16, 2002 |title=Brion VIBBER at pobox.com |url=https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2002-August/003982.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140620071550/https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2002-August/003982.html |archive-date=June 20, 2014 |access-date=December 8, 2020 |website=[[Wikimedia]]}}</ref> Morago ga paka ya ntlha ya kgolo e e kwa godimo, <ref name="wikisym slowing growth 1" /> go lebega selekanyo sa kgolo ya Wikipedia ya Sekgoa go ya ka dipalo tsa dikwalo tse disha le tsa bakwadi e ne ya tsholetsega thata go bapa le ngwaga wa 2007 o simolola. <ref name="guardian WP user peak 1">{{Cite news|title=Wikipedia approaches its limits|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/aug/12/wikipedia-deletionist-inclusionist|access-date=March 31, 2010}}</ref> Kgatiso e e ne ya fitlhelela dikwalo di le didikadike di le tharo ka Phatwe 2009. Dikwalo di ka nna sekete le makgolo a le boferabobedi di ne di tsenngwa mo ensaetlolopedia ye ka letsatsi ka ngwaga wa 2006; ka 2013 palogare eo e ne e tsamaela makgolo a le boferabobedi. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=((Editors of Wikipedia)) |author-link=Special:History/Wikipedia:Modelling Wikipedia extended growth |title=Wikipedia:Modelling Wikipedia extended growth |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Modelling_Wikipedia_extended_growth |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110826234512/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Modelling_Wikipedia%27s_growth |archive-date=August 26, 2011 |access-date=January 23, 2023 |website=Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Setlhopha kwa Lekalaneng la Dipatlisiso la Palo Alto se ne sa amanya go fokotsega mo ga kgolo le "go oketsega ga kgokagano le ditshenyegelo tse di kwa godimo, go se akarediwe batho ba basha mo lenaneong, le go gana diphetogo tse disha". Ba bangwe ba ne ba akantsha gore kgolo e ne ya fokotsega ka gonne dikwalo tse di ka bidiwang " [[wiktionary:low-hanging fruit|tse di motlhofo thata]] "— tsa ditlhogo tse di tshwanelwang ke go nna dikwalo—di ne di setse di tlhamilwe le go agiwa thata. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Cohen|author-link=Noam Cohen|title=Wikipedia&nbsp;– Exploring Fact City|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/29/weekinreview/29cohen.html}}</ref> Ka Ngwanatsele 2009, mmatlisisi mongwe kwa Sekolong sa dithuto tse dikgolwane sa Rey Juan Carlos kwa Madrid, kwa Spain, o ne a fitlhela gore Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e ne e latlhegetswe ke bakwadi/batlatsi ba le dikete di le masome a mane le boferabongwe mo dikgweding tsa ntlha tse tharo tsa 2009; fa e bapisiwa, e ne e latlhegetswe ke bakwadi ba le dikete di le nne le makgolo a le boferabongwe fela mo pakeng e e tshwanang ka 2008. <ref name="guardian editors leaving 1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/nov/26/wikipedia-losing-disgruntled-editors|title=Wikipedia falling victim to a war of words|work=The Guardian|location=London|first=Jenny|last=Kleeman|date=November 26, 2009|access-date=December 13, 2016}}</ref> ''Pego ya The Wall Street'' e ne ya umaka melao e e farologaneng e e dirisiwang mo go direng dikwalo le dikganetsano tse di amanang le diteng tsa one gareng ga mabaka a a dirang gore go nne le tlwaelo ya kgang ye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fowler |first=Geoffrey A. |last2=Angwin |first2=Julia |date=November 27, 2009 |title=Volunteers Log Off as Wikipedia Ages |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB125893981183759969 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204041034/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB125893981183759969 |archive-date=December 4, 2022 |access-date=January 23, 2023 |website=[[The Wall Street Journal]]}}</ref> Wales o ne a ganetsa dikgang tse ka 2009, a ganela dikgang tsa phokotsego le go belaela mokgwa wa patlisiso eo. <ref name="telegraph Wales WP not losing editors 1">{{Cite news|last=Barnett|first=Emma|date=November 26, 2009|title=Wikipedia's Jimmy Wales denies site is 'losing' thousands of volunteer editors|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|location=London|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/wikipedia/6660646/Wikipedias-Jimmy-Wales-denies-site-is-losing-thousands-of-volunteer-editors.html|access-date=March 31, 2010}}</ref> Morago ga dingwaga di le pedi, ka 2011, o ne a amogela gore go nnile le phokotsego e nnye, a lemoga phokotsego go tswa go "bakwadi ba ba fetang dikete di le masome a mararo le borataro go le sekae" ka Seetebosigo 2010 go ya go ba le dikete di le masome a mararo le botlhano le makgolo a le boferabobedi ka Seetebosigo 2011. Mo go yone potsolotso eo, o ne a bolela gape gore palo ya bakwadi e ne e "tlhomame e bile e tswelelela pele". <ref name="wiki-women">{{Cite news|last=Rawlinson|first=Kevin|date=August 8, 2011|title=Wikipedia seeks women to balance its 'geeky' editors|newspaper=The Independent|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/wikipedia-seeks-women-to-balance-its-geeky-editors-2333605.html|access-date=April 5, 2012}}</ref> Setlhogo sa lekwalo la 2013 la ''MIT Technology Review'', "Go wela tlase ga Wikipedia", se ne sa belaela polelo e, sa bega gore fa e sale ka 2007 Wikipedia e ne e latlhegetswe ke nngwetharong ya bakwadi ba yone ba ba ithaopileng, mme sa akantsha gore ba ba setseng ba ne ba tlhomile mogopolo thata mo dintlheng tse dinnye. <ref name="Simonite-2013">{{Cite journal |last=Simonite |first=Tom |date=October 22, 2013 |title=The Decline of Wikipedia |url=https://www.technologyreview.com/2013/10/22/175674/the-decline-of-wikipedia/ |url-status=live |journal=[[MIT Technology Review]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220731083716/https://www.technologyreview.com/2013/10/22/175674/the-decline-of-wikipedia/ |archive-date=July 31, 2022 |access-date=November 30, 2013}}</ref> Ka Phukwi 2012, ''The Atlantic'' e ne ya bega gore palo ya batsamaisi le yone e ne e fokotsega. <ref name="Meyer-2012">{{Cite news|last=Meyer|first=Robinson|date=July 16, 2012|title=3 Charts That Show How Wikipedia Is Running Out of Admins|work=The Atlantic|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/07/3-charts-that-show-how-wikipedia-is-running-out-of-admins/259829|access-date=January 23, 2023}}</ref> Ka Ngwanatseele 2013, bukana ya ditshwantsho ya ''New York'' e ne ya bolela jaana, "Wikipedia, webosaete ya borataro e e dirisiwang thata, e lebagane le mathata a tsamaiso ya one." Palo ya bakwadi ba esaentlolopedia ya Sekgoa ba ba e dirisang gangwe le gape fa e sa le ka nako eo e ntse e tlhomame morago ga nako e telele ya go wela tlase. <ref>{{Cite news|last=F.|first=G.|date=May 5, 2013|title=Who really runs Wikipedia?|newspaper=The Economist|url=https://www.economist.com/the-economist-explains/2013/05/05/who-really-runs-wikipedia|access-date=November 26, 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mandiberg |first=Michael |date=February 23, 2020 |title=Mapping Wikipedia |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2020/02/where-wikipedias-editors-are-where-they-arent-and-why/605023/ |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211115131524/https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2020/02/where-wikipedias-editors-are-where-they-arent-and-why/605023 |archive-date=November 15, 2021 |access-date=November 26, 2021 |website=The Atlantic}}</ref> Ka Firikgong a le malatsi a le masome a mabedi, ngwaga wa 2014, Subodh Varma yo o neng a begela ''The Economic Times'' o ne a supa gore ga se fela gore kgolo ya Wikipedia e ne e eme, e ne e "latlhegetswe ke palo ya dipono tsa dikwalo di ka nna lesome mo lekgolong ngogola. Go nnile le phokotsego ye e ka nnang dikadikadike di le dikete tse pedi (2 billion) fa gare ga Sedimonthole 2012 le Sedimonthole 2013. Diphetolelo tsa yone tse di ratiwang thata ke tsone tse di eteletseng pele mo tsebeng: dipono tsa dikwalo tsa Wikipedia ya Sekgoa di fokotsegile ka lesome le bobedi mo lekgolong (12%), tsa mofuta wa Sejeremane di fokotsegile ka lesome le bosupa mo lekgolong (17%) mme tsa mofuta wa Sejapane di fokotsegile ka boferabongwe mo lekgolong (9%)." <ref name="economictimes.indiatimes.com">{{Cite news|last=Varma|first=Subodh|date=January 20, 2014|title=Google eating into Wikipedia page views?|work=The Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/29094246.cms|access-date=February 10, 2014}}</ref> Varma o ne a tlatsa a re, "Le fa baokamedi ba Wikipedia ba akanya gore se se ka tswa se bakilwe ke diphoso tsa go tsaa dipalo, baitseanape ba bangwe ba akanya gore lenaneo la Google la Knowledge Graphs le le simolotsweng ngogola le ka tswa le ne le tsaya badirisi ba Wikipedia." <ref name="economictimes.indiatimes.com" /> Fa go ikgolagangwa le ene, Clay Shirky, morutintshi-mmogo kwa Sekolo sa dithuto tse dikgolwane sa New York le modiri ka ene kwa Lekalana la Setšhaba le mafaratlhatlha a Inthanete la Berkman Klein la Harvard o ne a bolela gore o belaela gore bontsi jwa go fokotsega ga go lebelewa ga ditsebe go bakilwe ke Dikerafo tsa Kitso, a bolela jaana, "Fa o ka kgona go bona karabo ya potso ya gago mo tsebeng ya patlo, ga o tlhoke go [tobetsa] go ya pele." <ref name="economictimes.indiatimes.com" /> Kwa bokhutlong jwa Sedimonthole 2016, Wikipedia e ne ya fiwa maemo a botlhano mo webosaeteng e e itseweng thata mo lefatsheng lotlhe ka bophara. <ref name="Alexa">{{Cite web |title=Alexa Top 500 Global Sites |url=https://www.alexa.com/topsites |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210203120227/https://www.alexa.com/topsites |archive-date=February 3, 2021 |access-date=December 28, 2016 |website=[[Alexa Internet]]}}</ref> Go ema ka Firikgong 2023, go setse go nopotswe dikwalo di le dikete di le masome a matlhano le botlhano le makgolo a le bosupa le masome a le boferabongwe le bongwe (55 791) tsa Wikipedia ya Sekgoa makgetho a le dikete di le masome a le boferabongwe le bobedi le makgolo a le mararo (92 300 ) mo dibukaneng tsa barutegi, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Citations of Wikipedia as an Online Resource |url=https://exaly.com/online-resource/146983/en.wikipedia.org |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221104134042/https://exaly.com/online-resource/146983/en.wikipedia.org |archive-date=November 4, 2022 |access-date=November 4, 2022 |publisher=exaly}}</ref> tse go tswa mo go tsone tiriso ya dikitso tsa dikhomphiutha e neng e le tsebe e e nopotsweng thata. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Citations of Cloud Computing |url=https://exaly.com/online-document/8348259/articles/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221104134042/https://exaly.com/online-document/8348259/articles/ |archive-date=November 4, 2022 |access-date=November 4, 2022 |publisher=exaly}}</ref> === Dithulaganyo tse di berekang le yone === Wikipedia e tlhamile mananeo a le mmalwa a a berekang le ensaetlolopedia, tse gape e leng diwiki tse di tsamaisiwang ke [[Wikimedia Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] . [[Wikimedia Foundation|Mananeo a mangwe a Wikimedia]] a a akaretsa Wiktionary, lenaneo la bukana ya ithunthuntso mafoko e e neng ya simololwa ka Sedimonthole 2002, Wikiquote, kokoanyo ya dinopolo tse di tlhamilweng beke morago ga gore Wikimedia e simololwe, <ref>{{Cite book |last=Woods |first=Dan |year=2007 |title=Wikis for dummies |last2=Theony |first2=Peter |publisher=[[Wiley (publisher)|John Wiley & Sons]] |isbn=978-1-118-05066-8 |edition=1st |location=Hoboken, NJ |page=58 |chapter=3: The Thousand Problem-Solving Faces of Wikis |oclc=1300481129 |ol=5741003W}}</ref> Wikibooks, kokoanyo ya dibukathuto tsa mahala tse di kwadilweng ka tirisanommogo, <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=((Editors of Meta-Wiki)) |author-link=m:Special:History/Talk:Science Hypertextbook project |title=Talk:Science Hypertextbook project |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=153077 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230319183224/http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=153077 |archive-date=March 19, 2023 |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki}}</ref> [[Wikimedia Commons]] . e e neng e diretswe metswedi ya dikgang ya kitso e e gololesegileng, Wikinews, ya bobegadikgang jo bo dirisanang mmogo, le Wikiversity, lenaneo la go tlhama didirisiwa tsa go ithuta tsa mahala le go tlamela ka ditiro tsa go ithuta ka inthanete. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=((Editors of Wikiversity)) |author-link=v:Special:History/Wikiversity:History of Wikiversity |title=Wikiversity:History of Wikiversity |url=https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Wikiversity:History_of_Wikiversity |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150724204635/https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Wikiversity:History_of_Wikiversity |archive-date=July 24, 2015 |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=Wikiversity |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Lenaneo le lengwe la Wikipedia, Wikispecies, le nankolola mefuta ya ditshedi tsotlhe, mme ga e a bulegela go ka tlaletswa ke setšhaba. <ref>{{Cite journal |date=February 18, 2005 |title=NET News: Calling All Taxonomists |journal=Science |volume=307 |issue=5712 |page=1021 |doi=10.1126/science.307.5712.1021a |s2cid=220095354 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ka 2012, Wikivoyage, e leng kaedi ya mesepele e e ka tlaleletswang, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Luyt |first=Brendan |date=January 1, 2020 |title=A new kind of travel guide or more of the same? Wikivoyage and Cambodia |journal=Online Information Review |volume=45 |issue=2 |pages=356–371 |doi=10.1108/OIR-03-2020-0104}}</ref> le Wikidata, e leng motheo wa kitso o o ka tlaleletswang le one, di ne tsa simololwa. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=Roth |first=Matthew |date=March 30, 2012 |title=The Wikipedia data revolution |url=https://diff.wikimedia.org/2012/03/30/the-wikipedia-data-revolution/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210114634/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2012/03/30/the-wikipedia-data-revolution/ |archive-date=February 10, 2023 |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=Diff |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> === Diphitlhelelo === [[File:List_of_Wikipedia_articles_by_language_-_March_2024.svg|thumb|[[Cartogram]] showing number of articles in the top 88 Wikipedias ({{as of|2024|3|lc=y|post=).}} The size of the circles for Wikipedias that have less than a million articles is fixed and not proportional to the size of the Wikipedia. The smallest Wikipedia that made the cutoff is the [[Haitian Creole]] Wikipedia with 69K articles.{{efn|As of April 2026, the [[Haitian Creole]] Wikipedia, with 72K articles, is in 91st place when ranked by number of articles.}}<br /> The languages are roughly grouped by region: <br />{{hlist|{{legend0|#4C0099|[[Northern Europe]]}}|{{legend0|#CC0000|[[Southern Europe]]}}|{{legend0|#CCCC00|[[Eastern Europe]]}}|{{legend0|#CC6600|[[Middle East]]}}|{{legend0|#4C9900|[[East Asia]]}}|{{legend0|#00CDFF|[[Indian subcontinent]]}}|{{legend0|#660000|[[Sub-Saharan Africa]]}}|{{legend0|#808080|[[Central Asia]]}}|{{legend0|#6600CC|[[Caribbean]]}}}} ]] Ka Firikgong 2007, Wikipedia e ne ya nna nngwe ya diwebosaete tse di lesome tse di tumileng thata kwa Amerika, go ya ka Comscore Networks. <ref name="Comscore-2007">{{Cite web |date=February 15, 2007 |title=New Year's Resolutions Reflected in January U.S. Web Traffic |url=https://ir.comscore.com/static-files/45b068e1-1cee-412a-b48f-21ec34e7b59d |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210819190445/https://ir.comscore.com/static-files/45b068e1-1cee-412a-b48f-21ec34e7b59d |archive-date=August 19, 2021 |access-date=January 23, 2023 |website=[[Comscore]] |page=3 |format=PDF}}</ref> Ka badirisi ba yone ba ba kgethegileng ba le didikadike di le masome a mane le bobedi le dikete di le makgolo a le boferabongwe (42.9), e ne ya nna mo maemong a boferabongwe, e feta ''The New York Times'' (maemo a lesome) le Apple (maemo a lesome le bongwe). <ref name="Comscore-2007" /> Se se ne sa tshwaya koketsego e e bonalang go feta Firikgong 2006, fa Wikipedia e ne e le mo maemong a bomasome a le mararo le boraro, ka badirisi ba kgethegileng ba le didikadike di le lesome le boferabobedi le dikete di le makgolo a le mararo ka (18.3 million). Ka 2014, e ne ya amogela dipono tsa ditsebe di le didikadike di le dikete tse di boferabobedi (8 billion) kgwedi le kgwedi. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Wikimedia Traffic Analysis Report&nbsp;– Wikipedia Page Views Per Country |url=https://stats.wikimedia.org/wikimedia/squids/SquidReportPageViewsPerCountryOverview.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111020212633/http://stats.wikimedia.org/wikimedia/squids/SquidReportPageViewsPerCountryOverview.htm |archive-date=October 20, 2011 |access-date=March 8, 2015 |publisher=Wikimedia Foundation}}</ref> Ka Tlhakole a le malatsi ae boferabongwe, 2014, ''The New York Times'' e ne ya bega gore Wikipedia e ne e na le &nbsp;dipono tsa ditsebe di le dikadikadike di le dikete tse dilesome le boferabobedi (18 billion) le badirisi ba ba kgethegileng ba le didikadike di le makgolo a le matlhano (500 million) ka kgwedi, "go ya ka ditekanyetso tsa comScore". <ref name="small screen">{{Cite news|last=Cohen|first=Noam|author-link=Noam Cohen|date=February 9, 2014|title=Wikipedia vs. the Small Screen|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/10/technology/wikipedia-vs-the-small-screen.html?_r=0|access-date=January 22, 2023}}</ref> Go ema ka Mopitlo 2023, e ne le mo maemong a borataro ka go tuma go ya kaSimilarweb.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Similarweb |title=Top Websites Ranking – Most Visited Websites In The World |url=https://www.similarweb.com/top-websites/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220210041116/https://www.similarweb.com/top-websites/ |archive-date=February 10, 2022 |access-date=March 4, 2023 |website=[[Similarweb]]}}</ref> Jeff Loveland le Joseph Reagle ba nganga gore, mo tsamaisong, Wikipedia e latela mokgwa wa tsela e e telele wa diensaetlolopedia tsa ditso tse di kokoantseng ditokafatso ka bonya ka bonya ka " go kokoanya ga stigmergy ". <ref name="sagepub WP and encyclopedic production 1">{{Cite journal |last=Loveland |first=Jeff |last2=Reagle |first2=Joseph |date=January 15, 2013 |title=Wikipedia and encyclopedic production |journal=New Media & Society |volume=15 |issue=8 |page=1294 |doi=10.1177/1461444812470428 |issn=1461-4448 |s2cid=27886998}}</ref> <ref name="theatlantic WP actually a reversion 1">{{Cite web |last=Rosen |first=Rebecca J. |date=January 30, 2013 |title=What If the Great Wikipedia 'Revolution' Was Actually a Reversion? |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2013/01/what-if-the-great-wikipedia-revolution-was-actually-a-reversion/272697 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221229051117/https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2013/01/what-if-the-great-wikipedia-revolution-was-actually-a-reversion/272697/ |archive-date=December 29, 2022 |access-date=February 9, 2013 |website=[[The Atlantic]]}}</ref> Ka Firikgong a le malatsi a le lesome le boferabobedi, ngwaga wa 2012, Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e ne ya nna le seabe mo motseletseleng wa ditshupetso tse di rulagantsweng kgatlhanong le melao e mebedi e e neng e tshitshintswe kwa Lekgotlaneng la United States — Molao wa go Emisa go Utswa bodiratsi/dikwalo mo mafaratlhatlheng (SOPA) le Molao wa PROTECT IP (PIPA)—ka go fifatsa ditsebe tsa yone dioura di le masome a mabedi le bone . <ref name="LA Times Jan 19">{{Cite news|title=Wikipedia: SOPA protest led eight million to look up reps in Congress|url=https://latimesblogs.latimes.com/technology/2012/01/wikipedia-sopa-blackout-congressional-representatives.html|access-date=March 6, 2012}}</ref> Batho ba feta didikadike di le lekgolo le le lengwe le masome a mabedi ba bone tsebe e e neng e tlhalosa go fifafatsa moo e e neng e tsere maemo a diteng tsa ensaetlolopedia nakwana e e seng ya sennela ruri. <ref name="BBC WP blackout protest 1">{{Cite news|title=Wikipedia joins blackout protest at US anti-piracy moves|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-16590585|access-date=January 19, 2012}}</ref> <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=SOPA/Blackoutpage |url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/SOPA/Blackoutpage |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622185443/https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/SOPA/Blackoutpage |archive-date=June 22, 2018 |access-date=January 19, 2012 |publisher=Wikimedia Foundation}}</ref> Ka Firikgong 2013, 274301 Wikipedia, e leng asteroid, e ne ya bidiwa ka Wikipedia; <ref>{{Cite news|last=Workman|first=Robert|date=January 5, 2013|title=Asteroid Re-Named 'Wikipedia'|work=[[Space.com]]|url=https://www.space.com/19643-asteroid-named-wikipedia.html|access-date=January 23, 2023}}</ref> ka Phalane 2014, Wikipedia e ne ya tlotlomatswa ka ''Sefikantswe sa Wikipedia'' ; <ref>{{Cite news|last=Katz|first=Leslie|date=October 27, 2014|title=A Wikipedia monument? It's true (we're pretty sure)|work=[[CNET]]|url=https://www.cnet.com/tech/services-and-software/a-wikipedia-monument-its-true-were-pretty-sure/|access-date=January 23, 2023}}</ref> mme, ka Phukwi 2015, ditshutiso tsa Wikipedia di le lekgolo le le lengwe le borataro (106) mo go tse di dikete di le bosupa le makgolo a le mane le masome a le bosupa le boraro (7 473) tse di nang le ditsebe di le makgolo a le masupa 700 di ne tsa nna teng e le Wikipedia e e Gatisitsweng . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sawers |first=Paul |date=June 18, 2015 |title=You can soon buy a 7,471-volume printed version of Wikipedia for $500,000 |url=https://venturebeat.com/business/you-can-soon-buy-a-7471-volume-printed-version-of-wikipedia-for-500000/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221017154940/https://venturebeat.com/business/you-can-soon-buy-a-7471-volume-printed-version-of-wikipedia-for-500000/ |archive-date=October 17, 2022 |access-date=January 24, 2023 |website=VentureBeat}}</ref> Ka Moranang 2019, sefofane sa Iseraele se se fologang mo ngweding, Beresheet, se ne sa wela mo godimo ga [[Ngwedi]] se tshotse dikhophi tsa dikwalo tsa Wikipedia ya sekgoa tsotlhe di gateletswe mo dipoleiting tse ditshesane tsa nikele; baitseanape ba re go ka direga gore dipoleiti tse di ne tsa seka tsa amega fa tiragalo e ya go wa ga sefofane e diragala. <ref name="WRD-20190805">{{Cite news|last=Oberhaus|first=Daniel|date=August 5, 2019|title=A Crashed Israeli Lunar Lander Spilled Tardigrades On The Moon|work=[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]]|url=https://www.wired.com/story/a-crashed-israeli-lunar-lander-spilled-tardigrades-on-the-moon/|access-date=August 6, 2019}}</ref> <ref name="VOX-20190806">{{Cite news|last=Resnick|first=Brian|title=Tardigrades, the toughest animals on Earth, have crash-landed on the moon&nbsp;– The tardigrade conquest of the solar system has begun.|url=https://www.vox.com/science-and-health/2019/8/6/20756844/tardigrade-moon-beresheet-arch-mission|date=August 6, 2019|work=[[Vox (website)|Vox]]|access-date=August 6, 2019}}</ref> Ka Seetebosigo 2019, baitseanape ba maranyane ba ne ba bega gore 16 GB otlhe wa dikwalo tse di tswang mo Wikipedia ya Sekgoa o tsentswe mo DNA ya maitirelo . <ref name="CNET-20190629">{{Cite news|last=Shankland|first=Stephen|date=June 29, 2019|title=Startup packs all 16&nbsp;GB of Wikipedia onto DNA strands to demonstrate new storage tech&nbsp;– Biological molecules will last a lot longer than the latest computer storage technology, Catalog believes.|work=[[CNET]]|url=https://www.cnet.com/news/startup-packs-all-16gb-wikipedia-onto-dna-strands-demonstrate-new-storage-tech/|access-date=August 15, 2023}}</ref> Ka Firikgong a le lesome le boferabobedi, 2023, Wikipedia e ne ya simolodisa webosaete e ntšha e e baakantsweng , e e bidiwang " Vector 2022 ". <ref name="Pearl-2023">{{Cite web |last=Pearl |first=Mike |date=January 18, 2023 |title=Yes, Wikipedia looks weird. Don't freak out. |url=https://mashable.com/article/new-wikipedia-redesign |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230120012235/https://mashable.com/article/new-wikipedia-redesign |archive-date=January 20, 2023 |access-date=January 23, 2023 |website=[[Mashable]]}}</ref> <ref name="Tech Desk-2023">{{Cite web |last=Tech Desk |date=January 18, 2023 |title=Wikipedia gets a facelift after 10 years: A look at new interface and features |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/technology/wikipedia-gets-a-facelift-after-10-years-a-look-at-new-interface-and-features/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230119054103/https://indianexpress.com/article/technology/wikipedia-gets-a-facelift-after-10-years-a-look-at-new-interface-and-features/ |archive-date=January 19, 2023 |access-date=January 22, 2023 |website=The Indian Express}}</ref> E ne e na le tsebe ya lenaneo e e tlhamilweng sesha, e sutisetsa tafole ya diteng kafa molemeng go e dira baara e e kafa thoko, le diphetogo di le dintsi fa go tobediwang teng go tlhopha tse o batlang go di dirisa jaaka sedirisiwa sa go tlhopha puo. <ref name="Tech Desk-2023" /> <ref group="W">{{Cite news|date=January 18, 2023|title=Wikipedia Gets a Fresh New Look: First Desktop Update in a Decade Puts Usability at the Forefront|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-a-fresh-new-look-first-desktop-update-in-a-decade-puts-usability-at-the-forefront/|access-date=January 22, 2023}}</ref> Ntšhafatso e e ne ya amogela tsibogo e e sa siamang kwa tshimologong, segolobogolo fa bakwadi botlhe ba Wikipedia ya Seswahili ba ne ba tlhopha go busetsa diphetogo morago. <ref name="Pearl-2023" /> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Rauwerda |first=Annie |date=January 18, 2023 |title=Wikipedia's Redesign Is Barely Noticeable. That's the Point. |url=https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/wikipedia-redesign-vector-2022-skin.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230120005241/https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/wikipedia-redesign-vector-2022-skin.html |archive-date=January 20, 2023 |access-date=January 23, 2023 |website=Slate Magazine}}</ref> Bobedi jo, Sanger le Wales ba ne tsenelela dipotsolotso tse di phatlalatsa kwa bokhutlong jwa 2025 ka ga dikakanyo tsa bone ka ga maemo le seemo sa Wikipedia, go fitlha go felela fa dingwageng tsa one tse di masome a mabedi le botlhano e ntse e le mo tirisong ka Firikgong a le lesome le botlhano, ngwaga wa 2026; Wales o ne a tlhagelela mo thulaganyong ya dikgang tsa PBS mo lenaneong la GZERO World e e neng e botsolodiwa ke Ian Bremmer mme Sanger o ne a tlhagelela mo Dikgannyeng tsa Fox, e e neng e botsolodiwa ke Ashley Rindsberg . Buka ya ga Wales ya ''Melao e e Supa ya go Ikanyega'' e ne ya gatisiwa ke Penguin Random House ka Phalane 2025 . E ne ya tlhalosiwa ke mogatisi jaaka "kakanyo e e tseneletseng ka ga mathata a lefatshe a go ikanyega le kitso" e le buka e e kanokang "melao ya go tshepana" e e letleletseng kgolo le katlego ya Wikipedia. <ref name="Penguin">{{Cite web |title=The Seven Rules of Trust |url=https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/734278/the-seven-rules-of-trust-by-jimmy-wales-with-dan-gardner/ |access-date=22 October 2025 |website=[[Penguin Random House]] |language=en}}</ref> === Ditlamorago tsa maranyane a botlhale jwa maiterelo (generative AI ) mo dipalong tsa dipono tsa ditsebe tsa Wikipedia === Fa e sa le ka Firikgong 2024, Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o begile koketsego ya sephatlo mo lekgolong ya tiriso tsa dibandwith go tswa mo go bapaleng diteng tsa bobegakgang mo mananeong a one otlhe. Go ya ka mokgatlho yo, kgolo e e amana le mananeo a a iperekisang ka boone, kgotsa di-bot tsa " scraper ", tse di kokoanyang ditshutiso tsa kitso mo ditsebeng tsa Wikimedia gore di dirisiwe mo go katiseng didirisiwa tse ditona tsa puo le ditiro tse di amanang le tsone. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Weaver |first=Tanya |date=2025-04-04 |title=AI scraper bots putting costly strain on Wikimedia infrastructure |url=https://eandt.theiet.org/2025/04/04/ai-scraper-bots-are-putting-costly-strain-wikimedias-infrastructure |access-date=2025-10-22 |website=eandt.theiet.org}}</ref> Ka Phalane 2025, Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o ne wa bega palo kakanyetso e le boferabobedi mo lekgolong ya phokotsego ya pharakano fa go bapisiwa le kgwedi e e tshwanang ka 2024 mo diponong tse di dirilweng ke batho. Ba bua gore se se bontsha tiriso ya Maranyane a botlhale jwa maitirelo le metswedi ya dikgang di sedimosa ka fa batho ba ratang go batla kitso/dikgang ka teng. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ha |first=Anthony |date=2025-10-18 |title=Wikipedia says traffic is falling due to AI search summaries and social video |url=https://techcrunch.com/2025/10/18/wikipedia-says-traffic-is-falling-due-to-ai-search-summaries-and-social-video/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251221202413/https://techcrunch.com/2025/10/18/wikipedia-says-traffic-is-falling-due-to-ai-search-summaries-and-social-video/ |archive-date=December 21, 2025 |access-date=2025-10-22 |website=TechCrunch}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Marshall |date=2025-10-17 |title=New User Trends on Wikipedia |url=https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/10/17/new-user-trends-on-wikipedia/ |access-date=2025-10-22 |website=Diff}}</ref> <references /> == Tirisanommogo ya bakwadi == [[File:History_Comparison_Example_(Vector).png|thumb|Dipharologano tse di gateletsweng mo dikwalong tsa setlhogo se le sengwe]] === Melawana === Ka ntlha ya go tuma ga Wikipedia mo go ntseng go oketsega, dikgatiso dingwe, di akaretsa le tsa Sekgoa, di simolodisitse melawana e e laolang go tlaleletsa dikwalo fa gongwe. Ka sekai, mo Wikipedia ya sekgoa le dikgatiso dingwe tsa dipuo, badirisi ba ba nang le diphetogo di le lesome tsa dikwalo mme gape ba na le malatsi a le mane e le badirisi ke bone fela ba ba ka dirang dikwalo tse disha. Mo Wikipedia ya Sekgoa, gareng ga tse dingwe, ditsebe tse di bakang dikganetsano thata, tse di masisi, kgotsa tse di nang le kgonagalo ya go senngwa di ile tsa sirelediwa ka selekanyo se se farologaneng. <ref>{{Cite news|last1=Hafner|first1=Katie|date=June 17, 2006|title=Growing Wikipedia Refines Its 'Anyone Can Edit' Policy|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/06/17/technology/17wiki.html|access-date=December 5, 2016}}</ref> Tsebe e e senngwang gantsi e ka nna "e e sireleditsweng bontlhabongwe" kgotsa "e e sireleditsweng e netefaditswe gape e atolositswe", se se rayang gore ke fela bakwadi ba ba "tlhomamisitsweng" kgotsa ba ba "netefaditsweng mo go atolositsweng" ba ka e fetolang. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=12–13}}Setlhogo se se bakang dikganetsano thata se ka nna sa lotlelwa gore e nne batsamaisi fela ba ba ka dirang diphetogo. Lekwalo la 2021 mo ''Columbia Journalism Review'' le ne la supa melawana ya Wikipedia ya go sireletsa ditsebe jaaka "gongwe tsela e e botlhokwa thata" e e nang le yone ya go "laola mmaraka wa yone wa megopolo". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Harrison |first=Stephen |last2=Benjakob |first2=Omer |date=January 14, 2021 |title=Wikipedia is twenty. It's time to start covering it better. |url=https://www.cjr.org/opinion/wikipedia-is-twenty-its-time-to-start-covering-it-better.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117150508/https://www.cjr.org/opinion/wikipedia-is-twenty-its-time-to-start-covering-it-better.php |archive-date=January 17, 2023 |access-date=January 15, 2021 |website=[[Columbia Journalism Review]]}}</ref> Wikipedia e abetse di- bot ditiro dingwe . tsamaiso ya algorithm ya mofuta yoo e bonolo go tsenngwa mo tirisong le go lekanyediwa, mme go gana go amogela diphetogo mo go itirisang (automated rejection ) go ka tswa go nnile le seabe mo go fokotsegeng ga bakwadi ba ba matlhagatlhaga ba Wikipedia. <ref name="Ren-2024">{{Cite journal |last=Ren |first=Yuqing |last2=Zhang |first2=Haifeng |last3=Kraut |first3=Robert E. |date=February 29, 2024 |title=How Did They Build the Free Encyclopedia? A Literature Review of Collaboration and Coordination among Wikipedia Editors |url=https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3617369 |url-status=live |journal=ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction |volume=31 |issue=1 |pages=1–48 |doi=10.1145/3617369 |issn=1073-0516 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240912194101/https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3617369 |archive-date=September 12, 2024 |access-date=September 12, 2024}}</ref> Di-bot di tshwanetse go amogelwa ke badirisi pele ga ditiro tsa tsone di tsenngwa mo tirisong. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|page=36}} Mo dikgannyeng tse dingwe, bakwadi botlhe ba letlelelwa go romela diphetogo, fela go tlhokega tshekatsheko mo bakwading bangwe, go lebilwe diemo dingwe. Ka sekai, Wikipedia ya Sejeremane e boloka "diphetolo tse di tlhomameng" tsa dikwalo tse di fentseng go tlhatlhobiwa mo go rileng. Morago ga diteko tse di tsereng nako e telele le dipuisano tsa badirisi, Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e ne ya tlhagisa thulaganyo ya "diphetogo tse di santseng di letilwe" ka Sedimonthole ngwaga wa 2012. <ref name="BInsider pending changes intro 1">{{Cite news|last=Henderson|first=William|date=December 10, 2012|title=Wikipedia Has Figured Out A New Way To Stop Vandals In Their Tracks|work=[[Insider Inc.|Business Insider]]|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/pending-changes-safeguard-on-wikipedia-2012-12|access-date=January 22, 2023}}</ref> Ka fa tlase ga thulaganyo ye, diphetogo tsa badirisi ba basha le ba ba sa kwadisiwang mo dikwalong dingwe tse di bakang dikganetsano kgotsa tse di nnang di senngwa di sekasekwa ke badirisi ba ba tlhomameng pele ga di gatisiwa. <ref>{{Cite news|last1=Frewin|first1=Jonathan|date=June 15, 2010|title=Wikipedia unlocks divisive pages for editing|journal=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/10312095|access-date=August 21, 2014}}</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, melawana ya go tlaleletsa dikwalo e fokotsa go nna le seabe ga bakwadi ga mmogo le maiteko a go kabakanya morafe wa badirisi. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ajmani |first=Leah |last2=Vincent |first2=Nicholas |last3=Chancellor |first3=Stevie |date=September 28, 2023 |title=Peer Produced Friction: How Page Protection on Wikipedia Affects Editor Engagement and Concentration |url=https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3610198 |url-status=live |journal=Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction |volume=7 |issue=CSCW2 |pages=1–33 |doi=10.1145/3610198 |issn=2573-0142 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240915061444/https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3610198 |archive-date=September 15, 2024 |access-date=September 15, 2024}}</ref> Dikwalo tse di amanang le kgotlhang ya Iseraele le Palestina di bewa ka fa tlase ga tshireletso e e atolositsweng e e netefaditsweng. <ref name="Harrison-2023">{{Cite news|last=Harrison|first=Stephen|date=October 26, 2023|title=Wikipedia Is Covering the War in Israel and Gaza Better Than X|url=https://slate.com/technology/2023/10/wikipedia-elon-musk-gaza-hamas-israel-x-twitter-dispute.html|access-date=December 20, 2023|work=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]|issn=1091-2339}}</ref> Bakwadi gape ba ka dira phetogo ya go boela morago mafoko a bone gangwe fela ka letsatsi go ralala ensaetlolopedia yotlhe mme ba ka thibelwa ruri go tlaleletsa dikwalo tse di amanang le yone. Melawana e e simolotswe ka 2008. <ref name="Benjakob-2020a">{{Cite news|last=Benjakob|first=Omer|date=October 4, 2020|title=The Second Intifada Still Rages on Wikipedia|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2020-10-04/ty-article/.highlight/the-second-intifada-still-rages-on-wikipedia/0000017f-e7fb-da9b-a1ff-efff2c230000|access-date=March 6, 2024|newspaper=[[Haaretz]]}}</ref> Ka Firikgong 2025, Komiti ya Katlholo e ne ya simolodisa "melawana e e lekalekanang ya go tlaleletsa dikwalo", e e tlhokang gore badirisi ba ba nang le dithibelo ba neele fela nngwetharong ya diphetolo tsa bone mo dikwalong tse di amanang le kgotlhang ya Iseraele le Palestina le fa go se na melao epe ya boitshwaro jo bo sa siamang e e robilweng. <ref name="Elia-Shalev-2025">{{Cite web |last=Elia-Shalev |first=Asaf |date=January 24, 2025 |title=Edit wars over Israel spur rare ban of 8 Wikipedia editors — from both sides |url=https://www.jta.org/2025/01/23/israel/edit-wars-over-israel-spur-rare-ban-of-8-wikipedia-editors-from-both-sides |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250610091420/https://www.jta.org/2025/01/23/israel/edit-wars-over-israel-spur-rare-ban-of-8-wikipedia-editors-from-both-sides |archive-date=June 10, 2025 |access-date=May 27, 2025 |website=[[Jewish Telegraphic Agency]]}}</ref> === Tshekatsheko ya diphetogo === [[File:Wikipedia_editing_interface.png|thumb|tsebe ya diphetolo ya Wikipedia]] Le fa diphetogo di sa sekasekwe ka thulaganyo, sofotewere ya Wikipedia e tlamela ka didirisiwa tse di letlelelang mongwe le mongwe go sekaseka diphetogo tse di dirilweng ke ba bangwe. Tsebe ya Ditso ya lekwalo lengwe le sengwe e golagana le diphetolo dingwe le dingwe tsa yone.{{efn|Revisions with libelous content, criminal threats, or copyright infringements may be removed completely.}} Mo dikwalong ka bontsi, mongwe le mongwe o ka lebelela diphetogo tse disha mme gape a baakanya diphetolo tsa ba bangwe ka go tobetsa kgokagano e e mo tsebeng ya Ditso tsa lekwalo la teng. Badirisi ba ba kwadisitsweng ba ka nna ba tlhokometse dikwalo tse di ba kgatlhang ka go nna le "lenaneo la ditebelelo" gore ba kgone go itsisiwe ka diphetogo. "Kanoko ya ditsebe tse disha" ke thulaganyo e mo go yone dikwalo tse di sa tswang go tlhamiwa di tlholwang go bona gore a di na le mathata a a bonalang. Ka 2003, moithuti wa setlankana sa PhD sa dithuto tsa itsholelo Andrea Ciffolilli o ne a bolela gore ditshenyegelo tse di kwa tlase tsa go nna le seabe mo wiki di ne tsa dira gore go nne le tlhabololo ya tirisanommogo, le gore dikarolo tsa mofuta yoo di ne di letlelela gore go nne motlhofo go bona diphetolo tse di fetileng tsa tsebe, mme go ne go thusa ka "dikatlholo tse di agang" go na le "dikatlholo tse di senyang". <ref name="FMonday collaborative effort 1">{{Cite journal |last=Ciffolilli |first=Andrea |date=December 2003 |title=Phantom authority, self-selective recruitment and retention of members in virtual communities: The case of Wikipedia |journal=First Monday |volume=8 |issue=12 |doi=10.5210/fm.v8i12.1108 |doi-access=free}}</ref> === Tshenyo === Phetogo epe e e tshosetsang go thokgama ga Wikipedia ka bomo e tsewa e le go senya. Mefuta e e tlwaelegileng thata e e bonalang ya go senya e akaretsa go oketsa ka dilo tse di fatlhang le metlae e e sa siamang; gape e ka akaretsa ipapatso le mefuta e mengwe ya spam. Ka dinako tse dingwe bakwadi ba senya dikwalo ka go tlosa diteng kgotsa go tsenya tsebe e e senang sepe gotlhelele. Mefuta e e sa tlwaelegang thata ya tshenyo, jaaka go tlaletsa dikwalo ka dikgang tse di utlwalang mme di se boammaaruri ka bomo, di ka nna dingalo thata go lemosega. Batho ba ba senyang dikwalo ba ka tsenya fomate e e sa amaneng le sepe, ba fetola motheo wa tsebe jaaka setlhogo sa tsebe kgotsa go aroganngwa ga yone ka ditlhopha, ba dirisa khoutu e e ka fa tlase ga lekwalo ka boferefere, kgotsa ba dirisa ditshwantsho ka tsela e e kgoreletsang. [[File:John_Seigenthaler_Sr._speaking.jpg|alt=White-haired elderly gentleman in suit and tie speaks at a podium.|left|thumb|Mmegadikgang wa MoAmerika John Seigenthaler (1927–2014), setlhogo sa tiragalo ya buka ya botshelo jwa ga Seigenthaler]] Tshenyo e e bonalang ka kakaretso e motlhofo go ka ntshiwa mo dikwalong tsa Wikipedia; nako ya bogare ya go e lemoga le go e baakanya ke metsotso e le mmalwa. Le fa go ntse jalo, tshenyo ye nngwe e tsaya lobaka thata go ka lemogwa le go baakanngwa. Mo tiragalong ya buka ya botshelo jwa ga Seigenthaler, mokwadi mongwe yo o neng a ipipile leina a sa itsiwe o ne a tsenya kgang ye e e seng boammaaruri mo lekwalong la botshelo jwa moeteledipele wa sepolotiki wa Amerika e bong John Seigenthaler ka Motsheganong 2005, a mo kaya mo go maaka jaaka mmelaelwa wa polao ya ga John F. Kennedy . E ne ya nna e sa baakanngwa dikgwedi di le nne. Seigenthaler, mookamedi yo o simolotseng ''USA Today'' le motlhami wa lekgotlana la kgololesego ya Lekalana la Phetolo ya Ntlha kwa Sekolo sa dithuto tse dikgolwane sa Vanderbilt, o ne a leletsa motlhami-mmogo wa Wikipedia e bong Jimmy Wales mme a mmotsa gore a o na le tsela epe ya go itse gore ke mang yo o tsentseng kgang ye e senang boammaaruri yeo. Wales o ne a re ga itse, le fa mong wa molato a ne a feleletsa a latedisiwa. <ref name="book The World is Flat 1">{{Cite book |last=Friedman |first=Thomas L. |year=2007 |title=The World is Flat |publisher=[[Farrar, Straus & Giroux]] |isbn=978-0-374-29278-2 |page=124}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Buchanan |first=Brian |date=November 17, 2006 |title=Founder shares cautionary tale of libel in cyberspace |url=https://archive.firstamendmentcenter.org/news.aspx?id=17798 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221140311/https://archive.firstamendmentcenter.org/news.aspx?id=17798 |archive-date=December 21, 2012 |access-date=November 17, 2012 |publisher=[[First Amendment Center]]}}</ref> Morago ga tiragalo e, Seigenthaler o ne a tlhalosa Wikipedia e le "sedirisiwa sa patlisiso se se nang le diphoso gape se sena maikarabelo". Tiragalo e e ne ya dira gore go dirwe diphetogo tsa melawana kwa Wikipedia tsa go gagamatsa go netefadiwa ga dikwalo tse di buang ka matshelo a batho ba ba tshelang. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Helm|first=Burt|title=Wikipedia: "A Work in Progress"|url=https://www.businessweek.com/stories/2005-12-13/wikipedia-a-work-in-progress|date=December 13, 2005|access-date=July 26, 2012}}</ref> === Dikganetsano le dintwa tsa go tlaleletsa dikwalo === Bakwadi ba Wikipedia gantsi ba na le go sa dumalane mabapi le diteng, tse di ka tlotliwang mo ditsebeng tsa Puisano tsa dikwalo. Dikganetsano di ka felela ka diphetogo tse di gaisanang gangwe le gape mo dikwalong, tse di bidiwang "ntwa ya go tlaleletsa". <ref name="NBC WP editorial warzone 12">{{Cite news|last=Coldewey|first=Devin|date=June 21, 2012|title=Wikipedia is editorial warzone, says study|department=Technology|work=[[NBC News]]|url=https://sys03-public.nbcnews.com/technology/wikipedia-editorial-warzone-says-study-838793|access-date=March 26, 2021|archivedate=August 26, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826113318/http://sys03-public.nbcnews.com/technology/wikipedia-editorial-warzone-says-study-838793}}</ref> E bonwa ke botlhe jaaka seemo se se senyang didirisiwa mme go sena kitso epe e e mosola e e tsengwang, <ref>{{Cite book |last=Kalyanasundaram |first=Arun |date=December 2015 |title=2015 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC) |last2=Wei |first2=Wei |last3=Carley |first3=Kathleen M. |last4=Herbsleb |first4=James D. |publisher=IEEE |isbn=978-1-4673-9743-8 |location=Huntington Beach, CA |pages=276–287 |chapter=An agent-based model of edit wars in Wikipedia: How and when is consensus reached |citeseerx=10.1.1.715.2758 |doi=10.1109/WSC.2015.7408171}}</ref> gape e a kgalwa ka e tsewa e dira ngwao ya gore bakwadi ba nne le kgaisano e nang le kgotlhang <ref>{{Cite book |last=Suh |first=Bongwon |date=2009 |title=Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Wikis and Open Collaboration |last2=Convertino |first2=Gregorio |last3=Chi |first3=Ed H. |last4=Pirolli |first4=Peter |publisher=ACM Press |isbn=978-1-60558-730-1 |location=Orlando, FL |pages=1–10 |chapter=The singularity is not near |doi=10.1145/1641309.1641322 |doi-access=free}}</ref> se se amangwang le dikarolo tsa bong tsa banna tsa setso . <ref>{{Cite news|last=Torres|first=Nicole|date=June 2, 2016|title=Why Do So Few Women Edit Wikipedia?|url=https://hbr.org/2016/06/why-do-so-few-women-edit-wikipedia|access-date=August 20, 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bear |first=Julia B. |last2=Collier |first2=Benjamin |date=March 2016 |title=Where are the Women in Wikipedia? Understanding the Different Psychological Experiences of Men and Women in Wikipedia |journal=Sex Roles |volume=74 |issue=5–6 |pages=254–265 |doi=10.1007/s11199-015-0573-y |s2cid=146452625}}</ref> Dipatlisiso di itebagantse thata le, sekai, go tlhoka botho ka dikganetsano, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Khazraie |first=Marzieh |last2=Talebzadeh |first2=Hossein |date=February 7, 2020 |title="Wikipedia does NOT tolerate your babbling!": Impoliteness-induced conflict (resolution) in a polylogal collaborative online community of practice |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378216620300771 |url-status=live |journal=Journal of Pragmatics |volume=163 |pages=46–65 |doi=10.1016/j.pragma.2020.03.009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240914115833/https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378216620300771 |archive-date=September 14, 2024 |access-date=September 15, 2024}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Smirnov |first=Ivan |last2=Oprea |first2=Camelia |last3=Strohmaier |first3=Markus |date=December 1, 2023 |editor-last=Ognyanova |editor-first=Katherine |title=Toxic comments are associated with reduced activity of volunteer editors on Wikipedia |url=https://academic.oup.com/pnasnexus/article/doi/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad385/7457939 |url-status=live |journal=PNAS Nexus |volume=2 |issue=12 |doi=10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad385 |issn=2752-6542 |pmc=10697426 |pmid=38059265 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007101400/https://academic.oup.com/pnasnexus/article/doi/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad385/7457939 |archive-date=October 7, 2024 |access-date=September 15, 2024 |doi-access=free |article-number=pgad385}}</ref> tlhotlheletso ya dikampa tsa bakwadi tse di gaisanang, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lerner |first=Jürgen |last2=Lomi |first2=Alessandro |date=December 21, 2020 |title=The free encyclopedia that anyone can dispute: An analysis of the micro-structural dynamics of positive and negative relations in the production of contentious Wikipedia articles |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378873318300467 |url-status=live |journal=Social Networks |volume=60 |pages=11–25 |doi=10.1016/j.socnet.2018.12.003 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241126001010/https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378873318300467 |archive-date=November 26, 2024 |access-date=September 15, 2024}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Morris-O'Connor |first=Danielle A. |last2=Strotmann |first2=Andreas |last3=Zhao |first3=Dangzhi |date=April 4, 2023 |title=The colonization of Wikipedia: evidence from characteristic editing behaviors of warring camps |url=https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JD-04-2022-0090/full/html |url-status=live |journal=Journal of Documentation |volume=79 |issue=3 |pages=784–810 |doi=10.1108/JD-04-2022-0090 |issn=0022-0418 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231020151300/https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JD-04-2022-0090/full/html |archive-date=October 20, 2023 |access-date=November 14, 2023}}</ref> popego ya dipuisano, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ziembowicz |first=Karolina |last2=Roszczyńska-Kurasińska |first2=Magdalena |last3=Rychwalska |first3=Agnieszka |last4=Nowak |first4=Andrzej |date=October 3, 2022 |title=Predicting conflict-prone disputes using the structure of turn-taking: the case of Wikipedia |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369118X.2021.1924224 |url-status=live |journal=Information, Communication & Society |volume=25 |issue=13 |pages=1987–2005 |doi=10.1080/1369118X.2021.1924224 |issn=1369-118X |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007091334/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369118X.2021.1924224 |archive-date=October 7, 2024 |access-date=September 15, 2024}}</ref> le phetogo ya dikgotlhang go tlhoma mogopolo mo metsweding. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chhabra |first=Anamika |date=August 25, 2020 |title=Proceedings of the 16th International Symposium on Open Collaboration |last2=Kaur |first2=Rishemjit |last3=Iyengar |first3=S. R.S. |publisher=ACM |isbn=978-1-4503-8779-8 |pages=1–10 |chapter=Dynamics of Edit War Sequences in Wikipedia |doi=10.1145/3412569.3412585 |access-date=September 15, 2024 |chapter-url=https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3412569.3412585 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240915052238/https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3412569.3412585 |archive-date=September 15, 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="Ruprechter">{{Cite journal |last=Ruprechter |first=Thorsten |last2=Santos |first2=Tiago |last3=Helic |first3=Denis |date=September 9, 2020 |title=Relating Wikipedia article quality to edit behavior and link structure |journal=Applied Network Science |volume=5 |issue=1 |doi=10.1007/s41109-020-00305-y |issn=2364-8228 |doi-access=free |article-number=61}}</ref> Taha Yasseri wa Sekolo sa dithuto tse dikgolwane sa Oxford o ne a sekaseka dikgotlhang tsa go tlaleletsa/kwala dikwalo le go rarabololwa ga tsone mo patlisisong ya 2013. <ref name="Yasseri-2014">{{Cite book |last=Yasseri |first=Taha |author-link=Taha Yasseri |year=2014 |title=The Most Controversial Topics in Wikipedia: A Multilingual and Geographical Analysis |last2=Spoerri |first2=Anselm |last3=Graham |first3=Mark |last4=Kertész |first4=János |author-link4=János Kertész |publisher=Scarecrow Press |editor-last=Fichman, P. |doi=10.2139/SSRN.2269392 |ssrn=2269392 |editor-last2=Hara, N.}}</ref> Yasseri o ne a nganga gore go boela morago mo go bonolo fela kgotsa ditiro tsa "go dirolola" e ne e se selekanyo se se botlhokwa thata sa boitshwaro jo bo sa siamang jwa tiro kwa Wikipedia. O ne a ikaegile boemong jwa seo ka leano la "bakwadi ba le babedi ba bereka mmogo go boela ditlaleletso morago", le e leng gore mokwadi a le mongwe o tlaabo a busetsa morago go tlaleletsa ga mokwadi yo mongwe yo morago ga moo, ka tatelano, a boelang go busetsa tlaleletso ya mokwadi wa ntlha morago. Maduo a ne a tsenngwa mo lenaneong la diphetolelo di le mmalwa tsa dipuo tsa Wikipedia. Dikgotlhang tsa dipalo tse tharo tse di tona mo Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e ne e le tsa dikwalo tsa ga George W. Bush, botlhokapuso, le Muhammad . <ref name="Yasseri-2014" /> Fa go bapisiwa, mo Wikipedia ya Jeremane, dikgotlhang tsa dipalo tse tharo tse di tona ka nako ya patlisiso e ne e le tsa dikwalo tse di neng di bua ka Croatia, Scientology, le megopolo ka tiragalo ya 9/11 . <ref name="Yasseri-2014" /> Ka 2020, babatlisisi ba ne ba supa dikgato tse dingwe ka maitsholo a bakwadi, go feta go boela morago ditlaleletso ka bobedi, go supa dikgotlhang tsa go tlaleletsa dikwalo go ralala Wikipedia. <ref name="Ruprechter"/> Bakwadi gape ba ngangisana ka go phimolwa ga dikwalo mo Wikipedia, ka dingangisano tse di ntseng jalo di ka nna dikete di le makgolo a le matlhano fa e sa le Wikipedia e simololwa go tloga ka 2019. Fa lekwalo le sena go tlhophiwa go phimolwa, kganetsano gantsi e laolwa ke ditlhopo tsa ntlha (gore a le bolokwe kgotsa le phimolwe) le ka go umaka melawana ya tse di rileng tsa setlhogo. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mayfield |first=Elijah |last2=Black |first2=Alan W. |date=November 7, 2019 |title=Analyzing Wikipedia Deletion Debates with a Group Decision-Making Forecast Model |url=https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3359308 |url-status=live |journal=Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction |volume=3 |issue=CSCW |pages=1–26 |doi=10.1145/3359308 |issn=2573-0142 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240915025504/https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3359308 |archive-date=September 15, 2024 |access-date=September 15, 2024}}</ref> == Melao le diteng == Wikipedia e na le mafelo a maina a a farologaneng a le lesome le bongwe mme dikwalo tsa yone di teng mo ''lefelong la maremelelo'' . Mafelo a mangwe a maina a na le ketapele pele ga setlhogo sa tsebe ya one mme a diragatsa maikaelelo a a farologaneng. Sekai, lefelo la maina a lenaneo le o a dirisa ketapele ''ya Wikipedia'' mme gape le dirisediwa dipuisano tse di amanang le go ipusa. Bontsi jwa babadi ga ba itse ka mafelo a a mangwe a maina. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|page=3}} Melaometheo ya morafe wa badirisi ba Wikipedia e akareditswe mo "Dipilara tse Tlhano", fa melaometheo e e tseneletseng ya go tlaleletsa dikwalo e tlhagisiwa mo melaong le dikaedi tse dintsi tse di diretsweng go bopa diteng mo go tshwanetseng. Dipilara tse tlhano tseo ke: * Wikipedia ke ensaetlolopedia * Wikipedia e kwadilwe ka tsela e e sa tseyeng letlhakore * Diteng tsa Wikipedia ke tsa mahala tse mongwe le mongwe a ka di dirisang, a di tlaleletsa, le go di anamisa * Bakwadi ba Wikipedia ba tshwanetse go tshwarana ka tlotlo le maitseo * Wikipedia ga e na melao e e kgopo Melao e e tlhamilweng ke badirisi e bolokwa mo lefelong la maina la Wikipedia, mme bakwai ba Wikipedia ba kwala le go tlhabolola melao le dikaelo tsa webosaete go ya ka tumalano ya badirisi. <ref name="pcworld who's behind WP">{{Cite web |date=February 6, 2008 |title=Who's behind Wikipedia? |url=https://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/id;1866322157;fp;2;fpid;2 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080209110303/https://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/id%3B1866322157%3Bfp%3B2%3Bfpid%3B2 |archive-date=February 9, 2008 |access-date=February 7, 2008 |website=PC World |page=2}}</ref> Kwa tshimologong, melao ya dikgatiso tse e seng tsa Sekgoa tsa Wikipedia e ne e beilwe mo thanolong ya melao ya Wikipedia ya Sekgoa. Fa e sa le ka nako eo e ile ya fapoga golo gongwe. === Melao ya diteng le dikaelo === Go ya ka melao ya morafe wa badirisi ba Wikipedia ya Sekgoa, lekwalo lengwe le lengwe mo Wikipedia le tshwanetse go nna le setlhogo se se maleba go nna mo [[wiktionary:encyclopedic|ensaetlolopedia]] mme e se lekwalo le le kwadilweng kana le utlwalega jaaka buka ya tlhaloso ya mafoko. Setlhogo gape se tshwanetse go fitlhelela maemo a Wikipedia a "notability", se se rayang gore setlhogo se tshwanetse gore a bo se kile sa akarediwa thata mo metsweding e e ikanyegang e e ikemetseng ka nosi mo setlhogong sa lekwalo leo. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=53–54}}Wikipedia e ikaeletse go fetisa fela kitso e e setseng e tlhomilwe gape e lemogwa ka jalo ga e a tshwanela go tlhagisa dipatlisiso tsa ntlha tsa setlhogo sa palo. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|page=32}}Ditlhogo tsa dipalo tse dingwe, jaaka tsa mapolotiki le barutegi, di na le melwana e e kgethegileng. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=53–54}}La bofelo, Wikipedia e tshwanetse go supa karolo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore. Se se fitlhelelwa ka go soboka metswedi e e ikanyegang, go dirisa puo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore, le go tlhomamisa gore go tlhagisiwa dintlha tse dintsintsi go ikaegile ka gore di tlhagelela go le kana kang. Dikgang/kitso gape e tshwanetse gore a bo e ka netefadiwa. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=5–7}}Lekwalo le le senang dinopolo le ka nna la tshwaiwa kgotsa la phimolwa gotlhelele. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|page=33}}Se ka dinako tse dingwe se ka dira gore go phimolwe lekwalo(tshedimosetso) , le fa e le boammaaruri, e le gore ga e na metswedi sentle. <ref name="IHT WP valid info wrong removable 1">{{Cite news|last=Cohen|first=Noam|author-link=Noam Cohen|date=August 9, 2011|title=For inclusive mission, Wikipedia is told that written word goes only so far|page=18|newspaper=[[International Herald Tribune]]}}</ref> Jaaka fa melao ya Wikipedia e ntse e fetoga mo tsamaong ya nako, gape e nna dingalo, palo ya yone e ile ya gola. Ka 2008, go ne go na le ditsebe tsa melao di le masome a mane le bone le ditsebe tsa dikaelo di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a le mane le boferabobedi (248); ka 2013, barutegi ba ne ba bala ditsebe tsa melao di le makgolo a le mararo le masome a le boferabobedi le boraro (383) le ditsebe tsa dikaelo di le makgolo a le mane le masome a le mane le boferabongwe (449). <ref name="Ren-2024"/> == Tsamaiso/Puso == Puso ya ntlha ya Wikipedia e ne ya kopanya dikarolo tsa puso ya batho ka batho le tsa tatelano ya maemo fa nako e ntse e tsamaya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sanger |first=Larry |author-link=Larry Sanger |date=April 18, 2005 |title=The Early History of Nupedia and Wikipedia: A Memoir |url=https://features.slashdot.org/story/05/04/18/164213/the-early-history-of-nupedia-and-wikipedia-a-memoir |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090525051304/http://features.slashdot.org/features/05/04/18/164213.shtml |archive-date=May 25, 2009 |access-date=January 24, 2023 |website=[[Slashdot]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kostakis |first=Vasilis |date=March 2010 |title=Identifying and understanding the problems of Wikipedia's peer governance: The case of inclusionists versus deletionists |url=https://firstmonday.org/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/2613/2479 |url-status=live |journal=First Monday |volume=15 |issue=3 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210310125049/https://firstmonday.org/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/2613/2479 |archive-date=March 10, 2021 |access-date=March 26, 2021}}</ref> Lekwalo ga le tsewe e le la motlhami wa lone kgotsa mokwadi ope yo mongwe, le fa e le yo go buiwang ka ene (setlhogo) mo go lone. Bakwadi ba ba mo maemong a a siameng mo morafeng ww badirisi ba ka kopa ditshwanelo tse dingwe tsa bodirisi, se se ka ba nayang bokgoni jwa setegeniki jwa go dira ditiro dingwe tse di kgethegileng. Ditshwanelo dingwe tsa bodirisi di neelwa ka go itirisa (automatically), jaaka ditlhopha tse ''di netefaditsweng ka go itirisa'' le ''tse di netefaditsweng tse di atolositsweng'', fa dingwaga tsa akhaonte le diphetogo tsa dikwalo tse di batliwang di fitlhelelwa. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=12–13}} === Batsamaisi === Bakwadi ba ba nang le kitso ya bodirisi ba ka tlhopha go tsenelela ditlhopho tsa " botsamaisi ", jo bo akaretsang bokgoni jwa go phimola ditsebe kgotsa go di thibela gore di se ka tsa fetolwa mo dikgetseng tsa tshenyo e e masisi kgotsa dikgotlhang tsa dikwalo. Batsamaisi ga ba a tshwanela go nna le dithata dipe tse di kgethegileng tsa go dira ditshwetso; go na le seo, dithata tsa bone di lekanyeditswe thata mo go direng diphetogo tse di botlhokwa thata tsa mananeo mme ka jalo ga di letlelelwe bakwadi ba ba tlwaelesegileng, le go diragatsa dithibelo tse di ikaeletseng go thibela bakwadi ba ba kgoreletsang go dira diphetogo tse di senang mosola. <ref name=":6" group="W" /> Ka 2012, bakwadi ba le mmalwa ba ne ba nna batsamaisi fa ba bapisiwa le dingwaga tsa pele tsa Wikipedia, bontlhabongwe jwa lobaka la kgang e e le gore thulaganyo ya go tlhatlhoba batsamaisi ba ba ka nnang teng e ne e setse e gagametse thata. <ref name="Meyer-2012">{{Cite news|last=Meyer|first=Robinson|date=July 16, 2012|title=3 Charts That Show How Wikipedia Is Running Out of Admins|work=The Atlantic|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/07/3-charts-that-show-how-wikipedia-is-running-out-of-admins/259829|access-date=January 23, 2023}}</ref> Ka 2022, go ne ga nna le kopo e e neng ya baka dikganetsano thata ya botsamaisi ka ga maikutlo a ntlhopheng yo o neng a le kgatlhanong le Trump; kwa bofelong, ba ne ba newa botsamaisi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Harrison |first=Stephen |date=June 16, 2022 |title=Inside Wikipedia's Historic, Fiercely Contested "Election" |url=https://slate.com/technology/2022/06/wikipedia-administrator-election-tamzin.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220824123521/https://slate.com/technology/2022/06/wikipedia-administrator-election-tamzin.html |archive-date=August 24, 2022 |access-date=July 22, 2022 |website=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]}}</ref> === Tharabololo ya dikgotlhang === Mo tsamaong ya nako, Wikipedia e tlhamile thulaganyo ya go rarabolola dikgotlhang e e sa tlhomamang tota-tota. Go tlhomamisa tumalano gareng ga morafe wa badirisi, bakwadi ba ka tlhagisa dikgang kwa makgotlaneng a badirisi a a maleba, ba batla dikakgelo kwa ntle ka dikopo tsa maikutlo a boraro, kgotsa ba simolola dipuisano tsa morafe wa badirisi ka kakaretso, yo o bidiwang "kopo ya kakgelo", e mo go yone di-bot di tsenyang puisano eo mo lenaneong le le kopantsweng la dipuisano, mme bakwadi a bo ba lalediwa go tsaya karolo, mme morago ba sutlhe puisano eo mo lenaneong morago ga malatsi a le masome a boraro. Le fa go ntse jalo, bakwadi ba na le tshwanelo ya go tswala (le go sutlha) puisano eo pele kgotsa morago ga nako. Fa maduo a puisano a sa bonale sentle, mokwadi yo o gaufi yo o sa amegeng yo gantsi a leng mo maemong a a siameng a ka ntsha katlholo go ya ka maatla a mabaka a a ntshiwang le palo ya batho ba ba ngangisanang mo matlhakoreng otlhe. <ref name="Bandler-2024">{{Citation|last=Bandler|first=Aaron|date=June 21, 2024|title=Wikipedia Editors Label ADL Only Reliable for Antisemitism When 'Israel and Zionism Are Not Concerned'|url=https://jewishjournal.com/news/united-states/372532/wikipedia-editors-label-adl-only-reliable-for-antisemitism-when-israel-and-zionism-are-not-concerned/|access-date=May 3, 2025}}</ref> Badirisi ba Wikipedia ba gatelela gore thulaganyo e ga se go tlhopha ka go umaka dipego tsa maikutlo mo dipuisanong tseo jaaka "!vote", e mo go lone letshwao la kgakgamatso e leng letshwao la go ganetsa ka tsela e e utlwalang mme le bidiwa "nnyaa". <ref>{{Citation|last=Harrison|first=Stephen|title=Wikipedia's War on the Daily Mail|date=July 1, 2021|work=Slate|url=https://slate.com/technology/2021/07/wikipedia-daily-mail-generally-unreliable.html|access-date=May 13, 2025|issn=1091-2339}}</ref> Wikipedia e rotloetsa ditharabololo tsa dikgotlhang, tse Jemielniak a reng di kgethegile thata mo dithutong tsa mokgatlho, le fa go nnile le kgatlhego ya bosheng jaana mo go ageng tumalano mo lephateng le. <ref name="Jemielniak">{{Cite book |last=Jemielniak |first=Dariusz |year=2014 |title=Common Knowledge?: An Ethnography of Wikipedia |publisher=[[Stanford University Press]] |isbn=978-0-8047-9120-5 |location=Stanford, CA |doi=10.2307/j.ctvqsdrf9 |jstor=j.ctvqsdrf9}}</ref> Reagle le Sue Gardner ba nganga gore mekgwa ya go aga tumalano e tshwana le e e dirisiwang ke ba-Quakers . <ref name="Jemielniak" />{{Rp|page=62}}Pharologanyo le diphuthego tsa ba-Quaker ke go tlhoka motsamaisi fa go na le go sa dumalana, e leng seabe se se tshamekiwang ke mokwaledi mo diphuthegong tsa Ba-Quaker. <ref name="Jemielniak" />{{Rp|page=83}} ==== Komiti ya Katlholo ==== Komiti ya Katlholo e okametse thulaganyo ya bofelo ya tharabololo ya dikgotlhang. Le fa gantsi dikgotlhang di tsoga ka ntlha ya go sa dumalane ka megopolo e mebedi e e ganetsanang ka lekwalo le tshwanetseng go balega ka teng, Komiti ya Katlholo e gana tota ka go dira tshwetso ka tlhamalalo ka mogopolo yo o tshwanetseng go amogelwa. <ref name="Hoffman-2009">{{Cite journal |last=Hoffman |first=David A. |last2=Mehra |first2=Salil K. |date=March 5, 2009 |title=Wikitruth Through Wikiorder |url=https://scholarlycommons.law.emory.edu/elj/vol59/iss1/3/ |url-status=live |journal=Emory Law Journal |volume=59 |issue=1 |ssrn=1354424 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613214656/https://scholarlycommons.law.emory.edu/elj/vol59/iss1/3/ |archive-date=June 13, 2021 |access-date=November 15, 2024}}</ref> Ditshekatsheko tsa dipalopalo di supa gore komiti ya Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e itlhokomolosa diteng tsa dikgotlhang mme go na le moo e remelela thata mo goreng dikgotlhang di tsamaisiwe jang, e sa dire thata go rarabolola dikgotlhang le go dira kagiso fa gare ga bakwadi ba ba ganetsenang, mme e ntsha bakwadi ba ba dingalo e ntse e letla bakwadi ba tlhaga go boela go tsaya karolo gape. <ref name="Hoffman-2009">{{Cite journal |last=Hoffman |first=David A. |last2=Mehra |first2=Salil K. |date=March 5, 2009 |title=Wikitruth Through Wikiorder |url=https://scholarlycommons.law.emory.edu/elj/vol59/iss1/3/ |url-status=live |journal=Emory Law Journal |volume=59 |issue=1 |ssrn=1354424 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613214656/https://scholarlycommons.law.emory.edu/elj/vol59/iss1/3/ |archive-date=June 13, 2021 |access-date=November 15, 2024}}</ref> Ka jalo, komiti ga e laole diteng tsa dikwalo, le fa ka dinako tse dingwe e kgala diphetogo tsa diteng fa e tsaya gore diteng tse disha di tlola melao ya Wikipedia (sekai, fa diteng tse disha di tsewa di tsaya letlhakore).{{efn|The committee may directly rule that a content change is inappropriate, but may not directly rule that certain content is inappropriate.}} Ditharabololo tse di dirisiwang gantsi di akaretsa dikgalemo le go beewa leitlho thata( di dirisiwa mo dikgetseng di le masome a le marataro le boraro mo lekgolong (63%)) le go kobela ruri bakwadi mo dikwalong (masome a le mane le boraro mo lekgolong (43%)), dikgang tsa setlhogo (masome a le mabedi le boraro mo lekgolong (23%)), kgotsa mo Wikipedia (lesome le borataro mo lekgolong(16%)). <ref name="Hoffman-2009" /> Go kobelwa ruri mo go feletseng mo Wikipedia gantsi go beetswe fela dikgetse di tshwana le go ipaya o le motho yo mongwe le boitshwaro jwa go sa dirisana le batho ba bangwe sentle . Fa boitshwaro e se go ipaya o le motho yo mongwe kgotsa go nna kgatlhanong le go tshela sentle le batho ba bangwe, mme e le jwa dintwa tsa dikwalo le go roba melao e mengwe ya go tlaleletsa/kwala dikwalo, ditharabololo di na le go ema ka dikgalemo fela. <ref name="Hoffman-2009" /> == Morafe wa badirisi == [[File:Wikimania_-_the_Wikimentary.webm|start=00:04|thumbtime=00:16|thumb|Setshwantsho sa motshikinyego saWikimania 2005{{snd}}bokopano jwa ngwaga le ngwaga jwa badirisi ba Wikipedia le mananeo a mangwe a a tsamaisiwang ke [[Wikimedia Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]], o ne o tshwaretswe kwa Frankfurt am Main, kwa Jeremane, ka Phatwe a le malatsi a le mane go fitlhela a le boferabobedi.]] Lekwalo lengwe le lengwe le modirisi mongwe le mongwe wa Wikipedia o na le tsebe e a amanang le yone gape e e kgethegileng ya "puo". Dilo tse di bopa tsela ya konokono ya dipuisano gore bakwadi ba kgone go abelana megopolo, go rulaganya le go ngangisana. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Viégas |first=Fernanda B. |author-link=Fernanda B. Viégas |last2=Wattenberg |first2=Martin M. |author-link2=Martin M. Wattenberg |last3=Kriss |first3=Jesse |last4=van Ham |first4=Frank |date=January 3, 2007 |title=Talk Before You Type: Coordination in Wikipedia |url=https://www.research.ibm.com/visual/papers/wikipedia_coordination_final.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070205111038/https://www.research.ibm.com/visual/papers/wikipedia_coordination_final.pdf |archive-date=February 5, 2007 |access-date=June 27, 2008 |publisher=Visual Communication Lab, [[IBM Research]]}}</ref> Morafe wa Wikipedia o tlhalositswe fa o tswana le setlhopha sa bodumedi, <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2005/dec/15/wikipedia.web20|title=Log on and join in, but beware the web cults|first1=Charles|last1=Arthur|date=December 15, 2005|access-date=December 26, 2008}}</ref> le fa go sa tewe ka mekgwa e e sa lolamang fela ka dinako tsotlhe.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2003/TECH/internet/08/03/wikipedia/index.html|title=Wikipedia: The know-it-all Web site|first1=Kristie|last1=Lu Stout|publisher=CNN|date=August 4, 2003|access-date=December 26, 2008}}</ref> Go rata go nna seoposengwe ga one, le fa go tlhoka go mpampetsa mo go akaretsang go tlhokomologa dintlha tsa go itshupa, go biditswe " go nna kgatlhanong le go itseela kwa maemong a a kwa godimo " . <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=Sanger |first=Larry |author-link=Larry Sanger |date=December 31, 2004 |title=Why Wikipedia Must Jettison Its Anti-Elitism |url=https://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2004/12/30/142458/25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211101011352/http://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2004/12/30/142458/25 |archive-date=November 1, 2021 |access-date=March 26, 2021 |website=[[Kuro5hin]], Op–Ed |quote=There is a certain mindset associated with unmoderated Usenet groups [...] that infects the collectively-managed Wikipedia project: if you react strongly to trolling, that reflects poorly on you, not (necessarily) on the troll. If you [...] demand that something be done about constant disruption by trollish behavior, the other listmembers will cry "censorship", attack you, and even come to the defense of the troll. [...] The root problem: anti-elitism, or lack of respect for expertise. There is a deeper problem [...] which explains both of the above-elaborated problems. Namely, as a community, Wikipedia lacks the habit or tradition of respect for expertise. As a community, far from being elitist, it is anti-elitist (which, in this context, means that expertise is not accorded any special respect, and snubs and disrespect of expertise are tolerated). This is one of my failures: a policy that I attempted to institute in Wikipedia's first year, but for which I did not muster adequate support, was the policy of respecting and deferring politely to experts. (Those who were there will, I hope, remember that I tried very hard.)}}</ref> [[File:Editing_Hoxne_Hoard_at_the_British_Museum.ogv|right|thumb|Badiri ba Wikipedia le batlhokomedi ba [[Motlobo wa ditso wa Borithane]] ba dirisana mmogo mo lekwalong la Hoxne Hoard ka Seetebosigo 2010.]] Wikipedia ga e tlhoke gore bakwadi ba yone le ba na le seabe ba itshupe gore ke bomang. Fa Wikipedia e ntse e gola, potso ya "Ke mang yo o kwalang Wikipedia?" e ne ya nna nngwe ya dipotso tse di neng di botswa thata teng.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kittur |first=Aniket |year=2007 |title=CHI '07: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems |publisher=Viktoria Institute |chapter=Power of the Few vs. Wisdom of the Crowd: Wikipedia and the Rise of the Bourgeoisie |citeseerx=10.1.1.212.8218}}</ref> Jimmy Wales o kile a bolela gore ke fela "morafe&nbsp;... setlhopha se se ineetseng sa baithaopi ba le makgolo a le mmalwa" se se dirang bontsi jwa ditshwaelo mo Wikipedia le gore ka jalo lenaneo le "le tshwana fela le mokgatlho mongwe le mongwe yo o tlwaelesegileng". <ref name="blodget">{{Cite news|last=Blodget|first=Henry|date=January 3, 2009|title=Who The Hell Writes Wikipedia, Anyway?|work=[[Insider Inc.|Business Insider]]|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/2009/1/who-the-hell-writes-wikipedia-anyway|access-date=January 26, 2023}}</ref> Ka Wikipedia e ikaegile ka tiro ya boithaopo, bakwadi gantsi ba remelela mo dikgannyeng tse di ba kgatlhang. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=61–62}} Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e na le dikwalo di le didikadile di le bosupa le dikete di le makgolo a mabedi le boferabongwe le masome a le matlhano le bone ({{self-reference link|Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}}}), bakwadi ba ba kwadisitsweng ba le didikadike di le masome a matlhano le boraro le dikete di le makgolo a marataro le masome a le bosupa le botlhano le makgolo a le mararo le masome a le mane le bongwe ({{self-reference link|Special:ListUsers|{{NUMBEROFUSERS}}}}), le bakwadi ba ba ba tlhaga ba dinako tsotlhe ba le dikete di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a le mane le boferabongwe le makgolo a le mararo le masome a le boferabobedi le bosupa( {{self-reference link|Special:ActiveUsers|{{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}}}} ). Mokwadi o tsewa a le tlhaga fa a dirile phetogo/tlaleletso e le nngwe kgotsa go feta mo malatsing a le masome a mararo a a fetileng. Bakwadi ba ba palelwang ke go sela morago mekgwa ya Wikipedia, e e tshwanang le go saena ditshwaelo tsa tsebe ya puisano, ba ka supa ka tlhamalalo gore ke batho ba ba tswang kwa ntle ga Wikipedia, mme se sa oketsa kgonagalo ya gore badirisi ba ba mo teng ga Wikipedia ba ka nna ba lebisa kgotsa ba fokotsa ditshwaelo tsa bone. Go nna modirisi yo o mo teng ga Wikipedia go akaretsa ditshenyegelo tse di sa reng sepe: motsaakarolo o solofetswe go ithuta dikhoutu tsa maranyane tse di rileng tsa Wikipedia, go ineela mo thulaganyong e ka dinako dingwe e leng dingalo ya go rarabolola dikgotlhang, le go ithuta "ngwao e e makatsang e e humileng metlae le dikakgelo tsa mo teng". <ref name="labor squeeze on WP 1" /> Bakwadi ba ba sa tseneng mo teng ga ensaetlolopedia ke " badirisi ba maemo a bobedi " mo Wikipedia ka tsela nngwe, <ref name="labor squeeze on WP 1">{{Cite journal |year=2010 |title=Wikipedia's Labor Squeeze and its Consequences |url=https://digitalcommons.law.scu.edu/facpubs/5/ |url-status=live |journal=Journal on Telecommunications and High Technology Law |volume=8 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230126220032/https://digitalcommons.law.scu.edu/facpubs/5/ |archive-date=January 26, 2023 |access-date=January 26, 2023 |via=Santa Clara Law Digital Commons}}</ref> ka gonne "batsayakarolo ba amogetswe semmuso ke maloko a morafe wa wiki, ba ba nang le kgatlhego e e tseneletseng mo go somareleng boleng jwa tiro e e ntshiwang, go lebilwe go nna le seabe ga bone mo go tswelelang", <ref name="legal edu and WP 1">{{Cite journal |date=March 2007 |title=Wikipedia and the Future of Legal Education |journal=Journal of Legal Education |publisher=[[Association of American Law Schools]] |volume=57 |issue=1 |pages=3–9 |jstor=42894005}}</ref> mme ditso tsa go nna le seabe tsa bakwadi ba ba sa itsiweng ba sa ikwadisa mme ba lemogwa ka . diaterese tsa bone fela ga di amane le mokwadi ope ka tlhomamo. <ref name="legal edu and WP 1" /> Bakwadi ba basha gantsi ba sokola go tlhaloganya marara a Wikipedia. Bakwadi ba ba nang le maitemogelo/kitso ba rotloediwa gore ba seka ba "tlhasela" badirisi ba ba sha gore ba kgone go dira mowa wa go amogela batho. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=10–11}} === Dipatlisiso === Patlisiso ya 2007 e e dirilweng ke babatlisisi go tswa kwa Dartmouth College e bone gore "badirisi ba ba sa itsiweng le ba ba sa tseyeng karolo thata mo Wikipedia&nbsp;... ke motswedi o o ikanyegang wa kitso fela jaaka badirisi ba ba ikwadisang mo saeteng e". <ref name="sciam good samaritans 1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?id=good-samaritans-are-on-the-money|title=Wikipedia "Good Samaritans" Are on the Money|work=Scientific American|date=October 19, 2007|access-date=December 26, 2008}}</ref> Jimmy Wales o boletse ka 2009 gore "[Go] bonala gore go feta sephatlo mo lekgolong (50%) ya diphetogo tsotlhe di dirwa ke 0.7% fela ya badirisi&nbsp;... Batho ba le makgolo a matlhano le masome a mabedi le bone&nbsp;... Mme tota, bobedi mo lekgolong (2%) e etlhaga thata, e leng batho ba le sekete le makgolo a mane , ba dirile 73.4% ya diphetogo tsotlhe." <ref name="blodget">{{Cite news|last=Blodget|first=Henry|date=January 3, 2009|title=Who The Hell Writes Wikipedia, Anyway?|work=[[Insider Inc.|Business Insider]]|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/2009/1/who-the-hell-writes-wikipedia-anyway|access-date=January 26, 2023}}</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, morulaganyi wa ''Business Insider'' gape e le mmegadikgang Henry Blodget o bontshitse ka 2009 gore mo bontlhengbongwe jwa dikwalo tse di tlhophilweng fela go sena lenaneo, bontsi jwa diteng tsa Wikipedia (tse di lekanngwang ka selekanyo sa mokwalo o o tsentsweng o o sa ntseng o le teng go fitlha ka sampole ya bosheng) di tlhamilwe ke "batho ba ba tswang kwa ntle", fa bontsi jwa go kwala le go fomata go dirwa ke "badirisi ba ba mo teng". <ref name="blodget" /> Ka 2008, setlhogo sa bukana ya ditshwantsho le dikgang y''a Slate'' e ne ya bega gore "bongwe fela mo lekgolong la badirisi ba Wikipedia ke bone ba ba dirang mo e ka nnang sephatlo sa diphetogo tsa saete e." <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.slate.com/id/2184487|title=The Wisdom of the Chaperones|date=February 22, 2008|first=Chris|last=Wilson|work=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]|access-date=August 13, 2014}}</ref> Mokgwa o wa go sekaseka go tsaa karolo o ne wa ganetswa morago ke Aaron Swartz, yo o neng a lemotsha gore dikwalo di le mmalwa tse a neng a di tsaya disampole di ne di na le dikarolo tse ditona tsa diteng tsa tsone (tse di lekanngwang ka palo ya ditlhaka) tse di neng di dirilwe ke badirisi ba ba nang le dipalo tse di kwa tlase tsa bokwadi/go tlaleletsa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Swartz |first=Aaron |date=September 4, 2006 |title=Raw Thought: Who Writes Wikipedia? |url=https://www.aaronsw.com/weblog/whowriteswikipedia |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140803134036/https://www.aaronsw.com/weblog/whowriteswikipedia |archive-date=August 3, 2014 |access-date=February 23, 2008}}</ref> Thutopatlisiso ya 2008 e fitlhetse gore batho ba Wikipedia ba ne ba sa dumalane thata, ba sa bulegela megopolo, e bile ba se kelo-tlhoko go feta ba bangwe, <ref name="liebertonline view on WP users 1">{{Cite journal |last=Amichai-Hamburger |first=Yair |last2=Lamdan |first2=Naama |last3=Madiel |first3=Rinat |last4=Hayat |first4=Tsahi |year=2008 |title=Personality Characteristics of Wikipedia Members |journal=CyberPsychology & Behavior |publisher=Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. |volume=11 |issue=6 |pages=679–681 |doi=10.1089/cpb.2007.0225 |pmid=18954273}}</ref> le fa kakgelo morago e ne ya supa diphoso tse di masisi, di akaretsa gore phatliso e ne e supa go bulegela megopolo mo go kwa godimo le gore dipharologano tsa setlhopha sa taolo le disampole di ne di le dinnye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McGreal |first=Scott A. |date=March 11, 2013 |title=The Misunderstood Personality Profile of Wikipedia Members |url=https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/unique-everybody-else/201303/the-misunderstood-personality-profile-wikipedia-members |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716155007/https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/blog/unique-everybody-else/201303/the-misunderstood-personality-profile-wikipedia-members |archive-date=July 16, 2023 |access-date=June 5, 2016 |website=[[Psychology Today]]}}</ref> Go ya ka patlisiso ya 2009, go na le "bosupi jwa kganetso e e golang go tswa mo morafeng wa badirisi ba Wikipedia mabapi le diteng tse disha". <ref name="newscientist WP boom to bust 1">{{Cite web |last=Giles |first=Jim |date=August 4, 2009 |title=After the boom, is Wikipedia heading for bust? |url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17554-after-the-boom-is-wikipedia-heading-for-bust.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150421215605/http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17554-after-the-boom-is-wikipedia-heading-for-bust.html |archive-date=April 21, 2015 |access-date=September 18, 2017 |website=New Scientist}}</ref> === Kabakanyo ya badirisi === Dipatlisiso di le mmalwa di supile gore bontsi jwa batsaakarolo ba ba ithaopileng mo Wikipedia ke banna. Maduo a patlisiso ya [[Wikimedia Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] ka 2008 a supile gore bakwadi ba Wikipedia ba le lesome le boraro mo lekgolong(13%) fela e ne e le basadi. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Cohen|first=Noam|author-link=Noam Cohen|title=Define Gender Gap? Look Up Wikipedia's Contributor List|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/31/business/media/31link.html?_r=0|work=The New York Times|date=January 31, 2011|access-date=October 28, 2013}}</ref> Ka ntlha ya se, dikolo tsa dithuto tse di kgolwane go ralala United States di ne tsa leka go kgothatsa basadi go nna batsaakarolo ba Wikipedia. <ref name="CBC News-2013" /> Ka tsela e e tshwanang, bontsi jwa dikolo tse di kgolwane tse, di akaretsa Yale le Brown, di ne di akgola baithuti ba ba tlhamang kgotsa ba ba tlaleletsa lekwalo le le amanang le basadi mo go tsa maranyane kgotsa mafaratlhatlha.<ref name="CBC News-2013">{{Cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/ocad-to-storm-wikipedia-this-fall-1.1412807|title=OCAD to 'Storm Wikipedia' this fall|work=CBC News|date=August 27, 2013|access-date=August 21, 2014}}</ref> Andrew Lih, morutintshi-mogolo gape e le mankge wa maranyane, o ne a re lebaka la go bo a ne a akanya gore palo ya banna ba ba nang le seabe e feta palo ya basadi thata ke ka gore go itshupa o le mosadi go ka nna ga dira gore motho a ipeye mo kotsing ya "boitshwaro jo bo maswe, jo bo tshosang". <ref name="Bloomberg 2016">{{Cite news|date=December 22, 2016|title=Is Wikipedia Woke?|work=Bloomberg Businessweek|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2016-12-22/how-woke-is-wikipedia-s-editorial-pool?|access-date=September 21, 2022}}</ref> Dipego di supile gore MaAforika a emetswe ke dipalo tse di kwa tlase tsa bakwadi mo Wikipedia. <ref name="memeb">{{Cite web |last=Walker |first=Andy |date=June 21, 2018 |title=The startling numbers behind Africa's Wikipedia knowledge gaps |url=https://memeburn.com/2018/06/wikipedia-wikimania-africa-numbers/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230319170357/http://memeburn.com/2018/06/wikipedia-wikimania-africa-numbers/ |archive-date=March 19, 2023 |access-date=January 26, 2023 |website=memeburn}}</ref> 0vvmblai0clgaew7ew87fp44fdrm5rz 52557 52552 2026-07-16T01:34:23Z Khumo Batolomi 11767 Created by translating the section "Language editions" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1364295772|Wikipedia]]" 52557 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox website | name = Wikipedia | logo = [[File:Wikipedia-logo-v2-tn.svg|250px]] | logo_caption = Sekano sa [[Wikipedia]] | screenshot = Wikipedia Portal Screenshot (2022).svg{{!}}border | screenshot_alt = Wikipedia portal showing the different languages sorted by article count | collapsible = yes | caption = Tebego ya tsebe ya konokono ya Wikipedia ka komputara | type = [[Maranyane a encyclopedia]] | language_count = {{NUMBEROF|languages|Wikipedia}} | country_of_origin = United States | owner = {{Unbulleted list|[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|}} | authors = {{Unbulleted list|[[Jimmy Wales]]|[[Larry Sanger]]}} | url = {{URL|https://www.wikipedia.org/|wikipedia.org}} | commercial = Nyaa | registration = Wa ithopela | num_users = [[List of Wikipedias#Statistics totals|>{{formatnum:{{#expr:{{NUMBEROF|ACTIVEUSERS|totalactive.wikipedia}}}}}}]] active editors<ref> To be considered [[Special:ActiveUsers|active]], a user must make at least one edit or other action in a given month.</ref><br />[[list of Wikipedias#Statistics totals|>{{formatnum:{{#expr:{{NUMBEROF|USERS|totalactive.wikipedia}}}}}}]] registered users | launch_date = {{Start date and age|mf=yes|p=yes|br=yes|2001|1|15}} | current_status = Active | content_license = {{Nowrap|[[Creative Commons license|CC Attribution / Share-Alike]] 3.0}}<br />Most text is also dual-licensed under [[GNU Free Documentation License|GFDL]]; media licensing varies | programming_language = [[LAMP (software bundle)|LAMP]] platform<ref name="roadchap">{{cite web |url=https://rogchap.com/2011/09/06/top-40-website-programming-languages/ |title= Top 40 Website Programming Languages |website= rogchap.com |author= Chapman, Roger |date= September 6, 2011 |access-date= September 6, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130922015103/https://rogchap.com/2011/09/06/top-40-website-programming-languages/ |archive-date= September 22, 2013}}</ref> | oclc = 52075003 }} '''Wikipedia''' ke [[Ensaetlolopedia|ensatlolopedia]] ya mahala. E botlhokwa tota go dirisediwa go ka tlaleletsa dithuto. E fitlhelelwa ke mongwe le mongwe. Motho o ka dirisa mogala wa letheka kgotsa mafaratlhatlha a inthanete (internet) go ka batla kitso ka sengwe. ==Metswedi== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Wikipedia]] == Ditso == Go ne ga lekeletswa diensaetlolopedia tse di farologaneng tsa tirisanommogo tsa mo mafaratlhatlheng (inthanete) pele ga go simololwa ga Wikipedia, mme tsotlhe tsa atlega fela e seng mo go kalo kalo. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Garber |first=Megan |date=October 12, 2011 |title=The contribution conundrum: Why did Wikipedia succeed while other encyclopedias failed? |url=https://www.niemanlab.org/2011/10/the-contribution-conundrum-why-did-wikipedia-succeed-while-other-encyclopedias-failed/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210114540/https://www.niemanlab.org/2011/10/the-contribution-conundrum-why-did-wikipedia-succeed-while-other-encyclopedias-failed/ |archive-date=February 10, 2023 |access-date=June 5, 2016 |website=Nieman Lab}}</ref> Wikipedia e simolotse e le lenaneo le le tlaleletsang Nupedia, e leng thulaganyo ya mahala ya mafaratlhatlha a inthanete ya ensaetlolopedia ya puo ya Sekgoa e makwalo a yone a neng a kwalwa ke baitseanape le go sekasekwa ka fa tlase ga thulaganyo e e tlhomameng. <ref name="KockJungSyn2016">{{Cite journal |last=Kock |first=Ned |author-link=Ned Kock |last2=Jung |first2=Yusun |last3=Syn |first3=Thant |date=2016 |title=Wikipedia and e-Collaboration Research: Opportunities and Challenges |url=https://cits.tamiu.edu/kock/pubs/journals/2016JournalIJeC_WikipediaEcollaboration/Kock_etal_2016_IJeC_WikipediaEcollaboration.pdf |url-status=live |journal=[[International Journal of e-Collaboration]] |publisher=IGI Global |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=1–8 |doi=10.4018/IJeC.2016040101 |issn=1548-3681 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160927001627/https://cits.tamiu.edu/kock/pubs/journals/2016JournalIJeC_WikipediaEcollaboration/Kock_etal_2016_IJeC_WikipediaEcollaboration.pdf |archive-date=September 27, 2016}}</ref> E tlhomilwe ka Mopitlo a le malatsi a le boferabongwe, ngwaga wa 2000, e le ya Bomis, e leng kompone ya web portal . Batho ba bagolo ba yone e ne e le Mookamedi-mogolo wa Bomis e bong Jimmy Wales le Larry Sanger, morulaganyi-mogolo wa Nupedia mme moragonyana wa Wikipedia. Nupedia e neilwe teseletso lantlha ka fa tlase ga teseletso ya yone ya Diteng tse di Buletsweng tsa Nupedia. Pele ga Wikipedia e tlhongwa, Nupedia e ne ya fetogela kwa Teseletso ya Dikwalo ya Mahala ya GNU se se rotloediwa ke Richard Stallman . Gantsi Wales o fiwa tlotla gore o ne a kgona go tlhalosa ka botlalo maikano a go dira ensaetlolopedia e makwalo a yone a kgonang go kwalwa le go baakangwa ke setshaba , fa Sanger ene a bokelwa go tswa ka leano la go dirisa wiki go fitlhelela maikano ao. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-01-15 |title=Tech Rewind: How Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia came to be |url=https://www.mid-day.com/lifestyle/health-and-fitness/article/tech-rewind--how-wikipedia--the-free-encyclopedia-came-to-be-15915177 |access-date=2026-01-08 |website=Mid-day |language=en}}</ref> Ka Firikgong a le malatsi a le lesome, ngwaga wa 2001, Sanger o ne a ntsha mogopolo mo dithomelong tsa Nupedia go tlhama wiki gore e bereke go "thusa" lenaneo la Nupedia. <ref name="nupedia feeder from WP 1" group="W">{{Cite news|last=Sanger|first=Larry|date=January 10, 2001|title=Let's Make a Wiki|url=https://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html|access-date=December 26, 2008|publisher=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref> === Tshimololo le kgolo === Wikipedia e simolodisitswe ka Firikgong a le malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2001, (ka dinako tse dingwe le bidiwa "Letsatsi la Wikipedia"), {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|page=7}} e le kgatiso e le nngwe ya puo ya Sekgoa e e nang le leina la kgolagano ya ''www.wikipedia.com'', mme le ne la bolelwa ke Sanger mo dithomelong tsa Nupedia. Leina le, le le duleng ka Sanger go thibela tshenyo epe e e ka nnang teng mo leineng la Nupedia, <ref>{{Cite news|last=Larry Sanger|author-link=Larry Sanger|date=11 January 2001|title=Re: [Advisory-l] The wiki...|publisher=Nupedia mailing list|url=http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html}}</ref> le simolotse mo motswakong wa mafoko ''wiki'' le ''encyclopedia'' . Wales o boletse gore kgopolo ya Wikipedia e ne ya tlhotlhelediwa ke dikgopolo tsa thulaganyo e e sa rulaganngwang e e neng e amana le Friedrich Hayek le [[Austrian School|Sekolo sa tsa itsholelo sa kwa Austria]] morago ga gore moitseanape wa tsa itsholelo yo o ratang kgololesego e bong Mark Thornton a supe megopolo ye . <ref>{{Cite news|date=2009-04-15|title=Wikipedia's Model Follows Hayek - WSJ|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB123976347774119699}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Mangu-Ward |first=Katherine |date=2007-05-30 |title=Wikipedia and Beyond |url=https://reason.com/2007/05/30/wikipedia-and-beyond/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210725210204/https://reason.com/2007/05/30/wikipedia-and-beyond/ |archive-date=July 25, 2021 |access-date=2026-04-21 |website=Reason.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Segolobogolo, Wales o ne ya tlhotlhelediwa ke polelo ya ga Hayek ya Tiriso ya Kitso mo Setšhabeng e e neng e bolela gore e ne e le "konokono" mo mogopolong wa gagwe ka ga "kafa a ka laolang lenaneo la Wikipedia ka teng". <ref name=":0" /> Molao wa tsamaiso ya yone o o botlhokwa wa " pono e e sa tseyeng letlhakore " o ne wa simolola mo ngwageng wa yone wa ntlha . {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|page=29}}Mme fela, go ne go na le melao e mmalwa, mme e ne e bereka e sa laolwe ke Nupedia. Bomis kwa tshimologong e ne e ikaeletse gore e nne kgwebo e e dirang dipoelo. <ref name="Seth-Finkelstein">{{Cite news|date=September 25, 2008|title=Read me first: Wikipedia isn't about human potential, whatever Wales says|work=[[The Guardian]]|location=London|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2008/sep/25/wikipedia.internet|access-date=January 23, 2023}}</ref> Wikipedia e ne ya bona bakwadi/batlatsi ba ntlha go tswa mo Nupedia, dipego tsa ''Slashdot'', le go dira dikgolagano tsa enjene ya patlo ya webo. Dikgatiso tsa puo di ne tsa tlhamiwa go simolola ka Mopitlo 2001, mme palo yotlhe ya tse di ne di dirisiwang di le lekgolo le masome a le marataro le bongwe kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2004. Nupedia le Wikipedia di ne tsa nna mmogo go fitlhela disefara tsa Nupedia di emisetswa ruri ka 2003, mme dikwalo tsa yone di ne tsa tsenngwa mo Wikipedia. Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e fetile letshwao la dikwalo tse di didikadike di le pedi (2 million) ka Lwetse a le malatsi a le boferabongwe, ngwaga wa 2007, mme se se ne sa e dira gore e nne ensaetlolopedia e kgolo go gaisa tsotlhe tse di kileng tsa kokoanngwa, e feta ''Ensaetlolopedia ya Yongle'' e e neng ya dirwa kwa China ka nako ya puso ya ga Ming ka 1408, e e neng e tshwere rekoto ya teng dingwaga di ka nna makgolo a le marataro. Ka ntlha ya go tshaba papatso ya dikgwebo le go tlhoka taolo, badirisi ba Wikipedia ya Sepanishe ba ne ba tswa mo Wikipedia go tlhama {{Lang|es|[[Enciclopedia Libre]]}} ka Tlhakole 2002. <ref name="EL fears and start 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=[long] Enciclopedia Libre: msg#00008 |url=https://osdir.com/ml/science.linguistics.wikipedia.international/2003-03/msg00008.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006065927/https://osdir.com/ml/science.linguistics.wikipedia.international/2003-03/msg00008.html |archive-date=October 6, 2008 |access-date=December 26, 2008 |website=Osdir}}</ref> Morago ga moo Wales o ne a ntsha kitsiso ya gore Wikipedia ga e kitla e bontsha dikgang tsa ipapatso mme ya fetola kgolagano ya dikhomphiutha go tswa go ''wikipedia.com'' go ya go ''wikipedia.org'' . <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=Vibber |first=Brion |date=August 16, 2002 |title=Brion VIBBER at pobox.com |url=https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2002-August/003982.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140620071550/https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2002-August/003982.html |archive-date=June 20, 2014 |access-date=December 8, 2020 |website=[[Wikimedia]]}}</ref> Morago ga paka ya ntlha ya kgolo e e kwa godimo, <ref name="wikisym slowing growth 1" /> go lebega selekanyo sa kgolo ya Wikipedia ya Sekgoa go ya ka dipalo tsa dikwalo tse disha le tsa bakwadi e ne ya tsholetsega thata go bapa le ngwaga wa 2007 o simolola. <ref name="guardian WP user peak 1">{{Cite news|title=Wikipedia approaches its limits|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/aug/12/wikipedia-deletionist-inclusionist|access-date=March 31, 2010}}</ref> Kgatiso e e ne ya fitlhelela dikwalo di le didikadike di le tharo ka Phatwe 2009. Dikwalo di ka nna sekete le makgolo a le boferabobedi di ne di tsenngwa mo ensaetlolopedia ye ka letsatsi ka ngwaga wa 2006; ka 2013 palogare eo e ne e tsamaela makgolo a le boferabobedi. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=((Editors of Wikipedia)) |author-link=Special:History/Wikipedia:Modelling Wikipedia extended growth |title=Wikipedia:Modelling Wikipedia extended growth |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Modelling_Wikipedia_extended_growth |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110826234512/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Modelling_Wikipedia%27s_growth |archive-date=August 26, 2011 |access-date=January 23, 2023 |website=Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Setlhopha kwa Lekalaneng la Dipatlisiso la Palo Alto se ne sa amanya go fokotsega mo ga kgolo le "go oketsega ga kgokagano le ditshenyegelo tse di kwa godimo, go se akarediwe batho ba basha mo lenaneong, le go gana diphetogo tse disha". Ba bangwe ba ne ba akantsha gore kgolo e ne ya fokotsega ka gonne dikwalo tse di ka bidiwang " [[wiktionary:low-hanging fruit|tse di motlhofo thata]] "— tsa ditlhogo tse di tshwanelwang ke go nna dikwalo—di ne di setse di tlhamilwe le go agiwa thata. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Cohen|author-link=Noam Cohen|title=Wikipedia&nbsp;– Exploring Fact City|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/29/weekinreview/29cohen.html}}</ref> Ka Ngwanatsele 2009, mmatlisisi mongwe kwa Sekolong sa dithuto tse dikgolwane sa Rey Juan Carlos kwa Madrid, kwa Spain, o ne a fitlhela gore Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e ne e latlhegetswe ke bakwadi/batlatsi ba le dikete di le masome a mane le boferabongwe mo dikgweding tsa ntlha tse tharo tsa 2009; fa e bapisiwa, e ne e latlhegetswe ke bakwadi ba le dikete di le nne le makgolo a le boferabongwe fela mo pakeng e e tshwanang ka 2008. <ref name="guardian editors leaving 1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/nov/26/wikipedia-losing-disgruntled-editors|title=Wikipedia falling victim to a war of words|work=The Guardian|location=London|first=Jenny|last=Kleeman|date=November 26, 2009|access-date=December 13, 2016}}</ref> ''Pego ya The Wall Street'' e ne ya umaka melao e e farologaneng e e dirisiwang mo go direng dikwalo le dikganetsano tse di amanang le diteng tsa one gareng ga mabaka a a dirang gore go nne le tlwaelo ya kgang ye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fowler |first=Geoffrey A. |last2=Angwin |first2=Julia |date=November 27, 2009 |title=Volunteers Log Off as Wikipedia Ages |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB125893981183759969 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204041034/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB125893981183759969 |archive-date=December 4, 2022 |access-date=January 23, 2023 |website=[[The Wall Street Journal]]}}</ref> Wales o ne a ganetsa dikgang tse ka 2009, a ganela dikgang tsa phokotsego le go belaela mokgwa wa patlisiso eo. <ref name="telegraph Wales WP not losing editors 1">{{Cite news|last=Barnett|first=Emma|date=November 26, 2009|title=Wikipedia's Jimmy Wales denies site is 'losing' thousands of volunteer editors|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|location=London|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/wikipedia/6660646/Wikipedias-Jimmy-Wales-denies-site-is-losing-thousands-of-volunteer-editors.html|access-date=March 31, 2010}}</ref> Morago ga dingwaga di le pedi, ka 2011, o ne a amogela gore go nnile le phokotsego e nnye, a lemoga phokotsego go tswa go "bakwadi ba ba fetang dikete di le masome a mararo le borataro go le sekae" ka Seetebosigo 2010 go ya go ba le dikete di le masome a mararo le botlhano le makgolo a le boferabobedi ka Seetebosigo 2011. Mo go yone potsolotso eo, o ne a bolela gape gore palo ya bakwadi e ne e "tlhomame e bile e tswelelela pele". <ref name="wiki-women">{{Cite news|last=Rawlinson|first=Kevin|date=August 8, 2011|title=Wikipedia seeks women to balance its 'geeky' editors|newspaper=The Independent|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/wikipedia-seeks-women-to-balance-its-geeky-editors-2333605.html|access-date=April 5, 2012}}</ref> Setlhogo sa lekwalo la 2013 la ''MIT Technology Review'', "Go wela tlase ga Wikipedia", se ne sa belaela polelo e, sa bega gore fa e sale ka 2007 Wikipedia e ne e latlhegetswe ke nngwetharong ya bakwadi ba yone ba ba ithaopileng, mme sa akantsha gore ba ba setseng ba ne ba tlhomile mogopolo thata mo dintlheng tse dinnye. <ref name="Simonite-2013">{{Cite journal |last=Simonite |first=Tom |date=October 22, 2013 |title=The Decline of Wikipedia |url=https://www.technologyreview.com/2013/10/22/175674/the-decline-of-wikipedia/ |url-status=live |journal=[[MIT Technology Review]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220731083716/https://www.technologyreview.com/2013/10/22/175674/the-decline-of-wikipedia/ |archive-date=July 31, 2022 |access-date=November 30, 2013}}</ref> Ka Phukwi 2012, ''The Atlantic'' e ne ya bega gore palo ya batsamaisi le yone e ne e fokotsega. <ref name="Meyer-2012">{{Cite news|last=Meyer|first=Robinson|date=July 16, 2012|title=3 Charts That Show How Wikipedia Is Running Out of Admins|work=The Atlantic|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/07/3-charts-that-show-how-wikipedia-is-running-out-of-admins/259829|access-date=January 23, 2023}}</ref> Ka Ngwanatseele 2013, bukana ya ditshwantsho ya ''New York'' e ne ya bolela jaana, "Wikipedia, webosaete ya borataro e e dirisiwang thata, e lebagane le mathata a tsamaiso ya one." Palo ya bakwadi ba esaentlolopedia ya Sekgoa ba ba e dirisang gangwe le gape fa e sa le ka nako eo e ntse e tlhomame morago ga nako e telele ya go wela tlase. <ref>{{Cite news|last=F.|first=G.|date=May 5, 2013|title=Who really runs Wikipedia?|newspaper=The Economist|url=https://www.economist.com/the-economist-explains/2013/05/05/who-really-runs-wikipedia|access-date=November 26, 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mandiberg |first=Michael |date=February 23, 2020 |title=Mapping Wikipedia |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2020/02/where-wikipedias-editors-are-where-they-arent-and-why/605023/ |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211115131524/https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2020/02/where-wikipedias-editors-are-where-they-arent-and-why/605023 |archive-date=November 15, 2021 |access-date=November 26, 2021 |website=The Atlantic}}</ref> Ka Firikgong a le malatsi a le masome a mabedi, ngwaga wa 2014, Subodh Varma yo o neng a begela ''The Economic Times'' o ne a supa gore ga se fela gore kgolo ya Wikipedia e ne e eme, e ne e "latlhegetswe ke palo ya dipono tsa dikwalo di ka nna lesome mo lekgolong ngogola. Go nnile le phokotsego ye e ka nnang dikadikadike di le dikete tse pedi (2 billion) fa gare ga Sedimonthole 2012 le Sedimonthole 2013. Diphetolelo tsa yone tse di ratiwang thata ke tsone tse di eteletseng pele mo tsebeng: dipono tsa dikwalo tsa Wikipedia ya Sekgoa di fokotsegile ka lesome le bobedi mo lekgolong (12%), tsa mofuta wa Sejeremane di fokotsegile ka lesome le bosupa mo lekgolong (17%) mme tsa mofuta wa Sejapane di fokotsegile ka boferabongwe mo lekgolong (9%)." <ref name="economictimes.indiatimes.com">{{Cite news|last=Varma|first=Subodh|date=January 20, 2014|title=Google eating into Wikipedia page views?|work=The Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/29094246.cms|access-date=February 10, 2014}}</ref> Varma o ne a tlatsa a re, "Le fa baokamedi ba Wikipedia ba akanya gore se se ka tswa se bakilwe ke diphoso tsa go tsaa dipalo, baitseanape ba bangwe ba akanya gore lenaneo la Google la Knowledge Graphs le le simolotsweng ngogola le ka tswa le ne le tsaya badirisi ba Wikipedia." <ref name="economictimes.indiatimes.com" /> Fa go ikgolagangwa le ene, Clay Shirky, morutintshi-mmogo kwa Sekolo sa dithuto tse dikgolwane sa New York le modiri ka ene kwa Lekalana la Setšhaba le mafaratlhatlha a Inthanete la Berkman Klein la Harvard o ne a bolela gore o belaela gore bontsi jwa go fokotsega ga go lebelewa ga ditsebe go bakilwe ke Dikerafo tsa Kitso, a bolela jaana, "Fa o ka kgona go bona karabo ya potso ya gago mo tsebeng ya patlo, ga o tlhoke go [tobetsa] go ya pele." <ref name="economictimes.indiatimes.com" /> Kwa bokhutlong jwa Sedimonthole 2016, Wikipedia e ne ya fiwa maemo a botlhano mo webosaeteng e e itseweng thata mo lefatsheng lotlhe ka bophara. <ref name="Alexa">{{Cite web |title=Alexa Top 500 Global Sites |url=https://www.alexa.com/topsites |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210203120227/https://www.alexa.com/topsites |archive-date=February 3, 2021 |access-date=December 28, 2016 |website=[[Alexa Internet]]}}</ref> Go ema ka Firikgong 2023, go setse go nopotswe dikwalo di le dikete di le masome a matlhano le botlhano le makgolo a le bosupa le masome a le boferabongwe le bongwe (55 791) tsa Wikipedia ya Sekgoa makgetho a le dikete di le masome a le boferabongwe le bobedi le makgolo a le mararo (92 300 ) mo dibukaneng tsa barutegi, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Citations of Wikipedia as an Online Resource |url=https://exaly.com/online-resource/146983/en.wikipedia.org |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221104134042/https://exaly.com/online-resource/146983/en.wikipedia.org |archive-date=November 4, 2022 |access-date=November 4, 2022 |publisher=exaly}}</ref> tse go tswa mo go tsone tiriso ya dikitso tsa dikhomphiutha e neng e le tsebe e e nopotsweng thata. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Citations of Cloud Computing |url=https://exaly.com/online-document/8348259/articles/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221104134042/https://exaly.com/online-document/8348259/articles/ |archive-date=November 4, 2022 |access-date=November 4, 2022 |publisher=exaly}}</ref> === Dithulaganyo tse di berekang le yone === Wikipedia e tlhamile mananeo a le mmalwa a a berekang le ensaetlolopedia, tse gape e leng diwiki tse di tsamaisiwang ke [[Wikimedia Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] . [[Wikimedia Foundation|Mananeo a mangwe a Wikimedia]] a a akaretsa Wiktionary, lenaneo la bukana ya ithunthuntso mafoko e e neng ya simololwa ka Sedimonthole 2002, Wikiquote, kokoanyo ya dinopolo tse di tlhamilweng beke morago ga gore Wikimedia e simololwe, <ref>{{Cite book |last=Woods |first=Dan |year=2007 |title=Wikis for dummies |last2=Theony |first2=Peter |publisher=[[Wiley (publisher)|John Wiley & Sons]] |isbn=978-1-118-05066-8 |edition=1st |location=Hoboken, NJ |page=58 |chapter=3: The Thousand Problem-Solving Faces of Wikis |oclc=1300481129 |ol=5741003W}}</ref> Wikibooks, kokoanyo ya dibukathuto tsa mahala tse di kwadilweng ka tirisanommogo, <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=((Editors of Meta-Wiki)) |author-link=m:Special:History/Talk:Science Hypertextbook project |title=Talk:Science Hypertextbook project |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=153077 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230319183224/http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=153077 |archive-date=March 19, 2023 |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki}}</ref> [[Wikimedia Commons]] . e e neng e diretswe metswedi ya dikgang ya kitso e e gololesegileng, Wikinews, ya bobegadikgang jo bo dirisanang mmogo, le Wikiversity, lenaneo la go tlhama didirisiwa tsa go ithuta tsa mahala le go tlamela ka ditiro tsa go ithuta ka inthanete. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=((Editors of Wikiversity)) |author-link=v:Special:History/Wikiversity:History of Wikiversity |title=Wikiversity:History of Wikiversity |url=https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Wikiversity:History_of_Wikiversity |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150724204635/https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Wikiversity:History_of_Wikiversity |archive-date=July 24, 2015 |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=Wikiversity |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Lenaneo le lengwe la Wikipedia, Wikispecies, le nankolola mefuta ya ditshedi tsotlhe, mme ga e a bulegela go ka tlaletswa ke setšhaba. <ref>{{Cite journal |date=February 18, 2005 |title=NET News: Calling All Taxonomists |journal=Science |volume=307 |issue=5712 |page=1021 |doi=10.1126/science.307.5712.1021a |s2cid=220095354 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ka 2012, Wikivoyage, e leng kaedi ya mesepele e e ka tlaleletswang, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Luyt |first=Brendan |date=January 1, 2020 |title=A new kind of travel guide or more of the same? Wikivoyage and Cambodia |journal=Online Information Review |volume=45 |issue=2 |pages=356–371 |doi=10.1108/OIR-03-2020-0104}}</ref> le Wikidata, e leng motheo wa kitso o o ka tlaleletswang le one, di ne tsa simololwa. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=Roth |first=Matthew |date=March 30, 2012 |title=The Wikipedia data revolution |url=https://diff.wikimedia.org/2012/03/30/the-wikipedia-data-revolution/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210114634/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2012/03/30/the-wikipedia-data-revolution/ |archive-date=February 10, 2023 |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=Diff |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> === Diphitlhelelo === [[File:List_of_Wikipedia_articles_by_language_-_March_2024.svg|thumb|[[Cartogram]] showing number of articles in the top 88 Wikipedias ({{as of|2024|3|lc=y|post=).}} The size of the circles for Wikipedias that have less than a million articles is fixed and not proportional to the size of the Wikipedia. The smallest Wikipedia that made the cutoff is the [[Haitian Creole]] Wikipedia with 69K articles.{{efn|As of April 2026, the [[Haitian Creole]] Wikipedia, with 72K articles, is in 91st place when ranked by number of articles.}}<br /> The languages are roughly grouped by region: <br />{{hlist|{{legend0|#4C0099|[[Northern Europe]]}}|{{legend0|#CC0000|[[Southern Europe]]}}|{{legend0|#CCCC00|[[Eastern Europe]]}}|{{legend0|#CC6600|[[Middle East]]}}|{{legend0|#4C9900|[[East Asia]]}}|{{legend0|#00CDFF|[[Indian subcontinent]]}}|{{legend0|#660000|[[Sub-Saharan Africa]]}}|{{legend0|#808080|[[Central Asia]]}}|{{legend0|#6600CC|[[Caribbean]]}}}} ]] Ka Firikgong 2007, Wikipedia e ne ya nna nngwe ya diwebosaete tse di lesome tse di tumileng thata kwa Amerika, go ya ka Comscore Networks. <ref name="Comscore-2007">{{Cite web |date=February 15, 2007 |title=New Year's Resolutions Reflected in January U.S. Web Traffic |url=https://ir.comscore.com/static-files/45b068e1-1cee-412a-b48f-21ec34e7b59d |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210819190445/https://ir.comscore.com/static-files/45b068e1-1cee-412a-b48f-21ec34e7b59d |archive-date=August 19, 2021 |access-date=January 23, 2023 |website=[[Comscore]] |page=3 |format=PDF}}</ref> Ka badirisi ba yone ba ba kgethegileng ba le didikadike di le masome a mane le bobedi le dikete di le makgolo a le boferabongwe (42.9), e ne ya nna mo maemong a boferabongwe, e feta ''The New York Times'' (maemo a lesome) le Apple (maemo a lesome le bongwe). <ref name="Comscore-2007" /> Se se ne sa tshwaya koketsego e e bonalang go feta Firikgong 2006, fa Wikipedia e ne e le mo maemong a bomasome a le mararo le boraro, ka badirisi ba kgethegileng ba le didikadike di le lesome le boferabobedi le dikete di le makgolo a le mararo ka (18.3 million). Ka 2014, e ne ya amogela dipono tsa ditsebe di le didikadike di le dikete tse di boferabobedi (8 billion) kgwedi le kgwedi. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Wikimedia Traffic Analysis Report&nbsp;– Wikipedia Page Views Per Country |url=https://stats.wikimedia.org/wikimedia/squids/SquidReportPageViewsPerCountryOverview.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111020212633/http://stats.wikimedia.org/wikimedia/squids/SquidReportPageViewsPerCountryOverview.htm |archive-date=October 20, 2011 |access-date=March 8, 2015 |publisher=Wikimedia Foundation}}</ref> Ka Tlhakole a le malatsi ae boferabongwe, 2014, ''The New York Times'' e ne ya bega gore Wikipedia e ne e na le &nbsp;dipono tsa ditsebe di le dikadikadike di le dikete tse dilesome le boferabobedi (18 billion) le badirisi ba ba kgethegileng ba le didikadike di le makgolo a le matlhano (500 million) ka kgwedi, "go ya ka ditekanyetso tsa comScore". <ref name="small screen">{{Cite news|last=Cohen|first=Noam|author-link=Noam Cohen|date=February 9, 2014|title=Wikipedia vs. the Small Screen|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/10/technology/wikipedia-vs-the-small-screen.html?_r=0|access-date=January 22, 2023}}</ref> Go ema ka Mopitlo 2023, e ne le mo maemong a borataro ka go tuma go ya kaSimilarweb.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Similarweb |title=Top Websites Ranking – Most Visited Websites In The World |url=https://www.similarweb.com/top-websites/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220210041116/https://www.similarweb.com/top-websites/ |archive-date=February 10, 2022 |access-date=March 4, 2023 |website=[[Similarweb]]}}</ref> Jeff Loveland le Joseph Reagle ba nganga gore, mo tsamaisong, Wikipedia e latela mokgwa wa tsela e e telele wa diensaetlolopedia tsa ditso tse di kokoantseng ditokafatso ka bonya ka bonya ka " go kokoanya ga stigmergy ". <ref name="sagepub WP and encyclopedic production 1">{{Cite journal |last=Loveland |first=Jeff |last2=Reagle |first2=Joseph |date=January 15, 2013 |title=Wikipedia and encyclopedic production |journal=New Media & Society |volume=15 |issue=8 |page=1294 |doi=10.1177/1461444812470428 |issn=1461-4448 |s2cid=27886998}}</ref> <ref name="theatlantic WP actually a reversion 1">{{Cite web |last=Rosen |first=Rebecca J. |date=January 30, 2013 |title=What If the Great Wikipedia 'Revolution' Was Actually a Reversion? |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2013/01/what-if-the-great-wikipedia-revolution-was-actually-a-reversion/272697 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221229051117/https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2013/01/what-if-the-great-wikipedia-revolution-was-actually-a-reversion/272697/ |archive-date=December 29, 2022 |access-date=February 9, 2013 |website=[[The Atlantic]]}}</ref> Ka Firikgong a le malatsi a le lesome le boferabobedi, ngwaga wa 2012, Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e ne ya nna le seabe mo motseletseleng wa ditshupetso tse di rulagantsweng kgatlhanong le melao e mebedi e e neng e tshitshintswe kwa Lekgotlaneng la United States — Molao wa go Emisa go Utswa bodiratsi/dikwalo mo mafaratlhatlheng (SOPA) le Molao wa PROTECT IP (PIPA)—ka go fifatsa ditsebe tsa yone dioura di le masome a mabedi le bone . <ref name="LA Times Jan 19">{{Cite news|title=Wikipedia: SOPA protest led eight million to look up reps in Congress|url=https://latimesblogs.latimes.com/technology/2012/01/wikipedia-sopa-blackout-congressional-representatives.html|access-date=March 6, 2012}}</ref> Batho ba feta didikadike di le lekgolo le le lengwe le masome a mabedi ba bone tsebe e e neng e tlhalosa go fifafatsa moo e e neng e tsere maemo a diteng tsa ensaetlolopedia nakwana e e seng ya sennela ruri. <ref name="BBC WP blackout protest 1">{{Cite news|title=Wikipedia joins blackout protest at US anti-piracy moves|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-16590585|access-date=January 19, 2012}}</ref> <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=SOPA/Blackoutpage |url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/SOPA/Blackoutpage |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622185443/https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/SOPA/Blackoutpage |archive-date=June 22, 2018 |access-date=January 19, 2012 |publisher=Wikimedia Foundation}}</ref> Ka Firikgong 2013, 274301 Wikipedia, e leng asteroid, e ne ya bidiwa ka Wikipedia; <ref>{{Cite news|last=Workman|first=Robert|date=January 5, 2013|title=Asteroid Re-Named 'Wikipedia'|work=[[Space.com]]|url=https://www.space.com/19643-asteroid-named-wikipedia.html|access-date=January 23, 2023}}</ref> ka Phalane 2014, Wikipedia e ne ya tlotlomatswa ka ''Sefikantswe sa Wikipedia'' ; <ref>{{Cite news|last=Katz|first=Leslie|date=October 27, 2014|title=A Wikipedia monument? It's true (we're pretty sure)|work=[[CNET]]|url=https://www.cnet.com/tech/services-and-software/a-wikipedia-monument-its-true-were-pretty-sure/|access-date=January 23, 2023}}</ref> mme, ka Phukwi 2015, ditshutiso tsa Wikipedia di le lekgolo le le lengwe le borataro (106) mo go tse di dikete di le bosupa le makgolo a le mane le masome a le bosupa le boraro (7 473) tse di nang le ditsebe di le makgolo a le masupa 700 di ne tsa nna teng e le Wikipedia e e Gatisitsweng . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sawers |first=Paul |date=June 18, 2015 |title=You can soon buy a 7,471-volume printed version of Wikipedia for $500,000 |url=https://venturebeat.com/business/you-can-soon-buy-a-7471-volume-printed-version-of-wikipedia-for-500000/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221017154940/https://venturebeat.com/business/you-can-soon-buy-a-7471-volume-printed-version-of-wikipedia-for-500000/ |archive-date=October 17, 2022 |access-date=January 24, 2023 |website=VentureBeat}}</ref> Ka Moranang 2019, sefofane sa Iseraele se se fologang mo ngweding, Beresheet, se ne sa wela mo godimo ga [[Ngwedi]] se tshotse dikhophi tsa dikwalo tsa Wikipedia ya sekgoa tsotlhe di gateletswe mo dipoleiting tse ditshesane tsa nikele; baitseanape ba re go ka direga gore dipoleiti tse di ne tsa seka tsa amega fa tiragalo e ya go wa ga sefofane e diragala. <ref name="WRD-20190805">{{Cite news|last=Oberhaus|first=Daniel|date=August 5, 2019|title=A Crashed Israeli Lunar Lander Spilled Tardigrades On The Moon|work=[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]]|url=https://www.wired.com/story/a-crashed-israeli-lunar-lander-spilled-tardigrades-on-the-moon/|access-date=August 6, 2019}}</ref> <ref name="VOX-20190806">{{Cite news|last=Resnick|first=Brian|title=Tardigrades, the toughest animals on Earth, have crash-landed on the moon&nbsp;– The tardigrade conquest of the solar system has begun.|url=https://www.vox.com/science-and-health/2019/8/6/20756844/tardigrade-moon-beresheet-arch-mission|date=August 6, 2019|work=[[Vox (website)|Vox]]|access-date=August 6, 2019}}</ref> Ka Seetebosigo 2019, baitseanape ba maranyane ba ne ba bega gore 16 GB otlhe wa dikwalo tse di tswang mo Wikipedia ya Sekgoa o tsentswe mo DNA ya maitirelo . <ref name="CNET-20190629">{{Cite news|last=Shankland|first=Stephen|date=June 29, 2019|title=Startup packs all 16&nbsp;GB of Wikipedia onto DNA strands to demonstrate new storage tech&nbsp;– Biological molecules will last a lot longer than the latest computer storage technology, Catalog believes.|work=[[CNET]]|url=https://www.cnet.com/news/startup-packs-all-16gb-wikipedia-onto-dna-strands-demonstrate-new-storage-tech/|access-date=August 15, 2023}}</ref> Ka Firikgong a le lesome le boferabobedi, 2023, Wikipedia e ne ya simolodisa webosaete e ntšha e e baakantsweng , e e bidiwang " Vector 2022 ". <ref name="Pearl-2023">{{Cite web |last=Pearl |first=Mike |date=January 18, 2023 |title=Yes, Wikipedia looks weird. Don't freak out. |url=https://mashable.com/article/new-wikipedia-redesign |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230120012235/https://mashable.com/article/new-wikipedia-redesign |archive-date=January 20, 2023 |access-date=January 23, 2023 |website=[[Mashable]]}}</ref> <ref name="Tech Desk-2023">{{Cite web |last=Tech Desk |date=January 18, 2023 |title=Wikipedia gets a facelift after 10 years: A look at new interface and features |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/technology/wikipedia-gets-a-facelift-after-10-years-a-look-at-new-interface-and-features/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230119054103/https://indianexpress.com/article/technology/wikipedia-gets-a-facelift-after-10-years-a-look-at-new-interface-and-features/ |archive-date=January 19, 2023 |access-date=January 22, 2023 |website=The Indian Express}}</ref> E ne e na le tsebe ya lenaneo e e tlhamilweng sesha, e sutisetsa tafole ya diteng kafa molemeng go e dira baara e e kafa thoko, le diphetogo di le dintsi fa go tobediwang teng go tlhopha tse o batlang go di dirisa jaaka sedirisiwa sa go tlhopha puo. <ref name="Tech Desk-2023" /> <ref group="W">{{Cite news|date=January 18, 2023|title=Wikipedia Gets a Fresh New Look: First Desktop Update in a Decade Puts Usability at the Forefront|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-a-fresh-new-look-first-desktop-update-in-a-decade-puts-usability-at-the-forefront/|access-date=January 22, 2023}}</ref> Ntšhafatso e e ne ya amogela tsibogo e e sa siamang kwa tshimologong, segolobogolo fa bakwadi botlhe ba Wikipedia ya Seswahili ba ne ba tlhopha go busetsa diphetogo morago. <ref name="Pearl-2023" /> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Rauwerda |first=Annie |date=January 18, 2023 |title=Wikipedia's Redesign Is Barely Noticeable. That's the Point. |url=https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/wikipedia-redesign-vector-2022-skin.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230120005241/https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/wikipedia-redesign-vector-2022-skin.html |archive-date=January 20, 2023 |access-date=January 23, 2023 |website=Slate Magazine}}</ref> Bobedi jo, Sanger le Wales ba ne tsenelela dipotsolotso tse di phatlalatsa kwa bokhutlong jwa 2025 ka ga dikakanyo tsa bone ka ga maemo le seemo sa Wikipedia, go fitlha go felela fa dingwageng tsa one tse di masome a mabedi le botlhano e ntse e le mo tirisong ka Firikgong a le lesome le botlhano, ngwaga wa 2026; Wales o ne a tlhagelela mo thulaganyong ya dikgang tsa PBS mo lenaneong la GZERO World e e neng e botsolodiwa ke Ian Bremmer mme Sanger o ne a tlhagelela mo Dikgannyeng tsa Fox, e e neng e botsolodiwa ke Ashley Rindsberg . Buka ya ga Wales ya ''Melao e e Supa ya go Ikanyega'' e ne ya gatisiwa ke Penguin Random House ka Phalane 2025 . E ne ya tlhalosiwa ke mogatisi jaaka "kakanyo e e tseneletseng ka ga mathata a lefatshe a go ikanyega le kitso" e le buka e e kanokang "melao ya go tshepana" e e letleletseng kgolo le katlego ya Wikipedia. <ref name="Penguin">{{Cite web |title=The Seven Rules of Trust |url=https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/734278/the-seven-rules-of-trust-by-jimmy-wales-with-dan-gardner/ |access-date=22 October 2025 |website=[[Penguin Random House]] |language=en}}</ref> === Ditlamorago tsa maranyane a botlhale jwa maiterelo (generative AI ) mo dipalong tsa dipono tsa ditsebe tsa Wikipedia === Fa e sa le ka Firikgong 2024, Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o begile koketsego ya sephatlo mo lekgolong ya tiriso tsa dibandwith go tswa mo go bapaleng diteng tsa bobegakgang mo mananeong a one otlhe. Go ya ka mokgatlho yo, kgolo e e amana le mananeo a a iperekisang ka boone, kgotsa di-bot tsa " scraper ", tse di kokoanyang ditshutiso tsa kitso mo ditsebeng tsa Wikimedia gore di dirisiwe mo go katiseng didirisiwa tse ditona tsa puo le ditiro tse di amanang le tsone. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Weaver |first=Tanya |date=2025-04-04 |title=AI scraper bots putting costly strain on Wikimedia infrastructure |url=https://eandt.theiet.org/2025/04/04/ai-scraper-bots-are-putting-costly-strain-wikimedias-infrastructure |access-date=2025-10-22 |website=eandt.theiet.org}}</ref> Ka Phalane 2025, Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o ne wa bega palo kakanyetso e le boferabobedi mo lekgolong ya phokotsego ya pharakano fa go bapisiwa le kgwedi e e tshwanang ka 2024 mo diponong tse di dirilweng ke batho. Ba bua gore se se bontsha tiriso ya Maranyane a botlhale jwa maitirelo le metswedi ya dikgang di sedimosa ka fa batho ba ratang go batla kitso/dikgang ka teng. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ha |first=Anthony |date=2025-10-18 |title=Wikipedia says traffic is falling due to AI search summaries and social video |url=https://techcrunch.com/2025/10/18/wikipedia-says-traffic-is-falling-due-to-ai-search-summaries-and-social-video/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251221202413/https://techcrunch.com/2025/10/18/wikipedia-says-traffic-is-falling-due-to-ai-search-summaries-and-social-video/ |archive-date=December 21, 2025 |access-date=2025-10-22 |website=TechCrunch}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Marshall |date=2025-10-17 |title=New User Trends on Wikipedia |url=https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/10/17/new-user-trends-on-wikipedia/ |access-date=2025-10-22 |website=Diff}}</ref> <references /> == Tirisanommogo ya bakwadi == [[File:History_Comparison_Example_(Vector).png|thumb|Dipharologano tse di gateletsweng mo dikwalong tsa setlhogo se le sengwe]] === Melawana === Ka ntlha ya go tuma ga Wikipedia mo go ntseng go oketsega, dikgatiso dingwe, di akaretsa le tsa Sekgoa, di simolodisitse melawana e e laolang go tlaleletsa dikwalo fa gongwe. Ka sekai, mo Wikipedia ya sekgoa le dikgatiso dingwe tsa dipuo, badirisi ba ba nang le diphetogo di le lesome tsa dikwalo mme gape ba na le malatsi a le mane e le badirisi ke bone fela ba ba ka dirang dikwalo tse disha. Mo Wikipedia ya Sekgoa, gareng ga tse dingwe, ditsebe tse di bakang dikganetsano thata, tse di masisi, kgotsa tse di nang le kgonagalo ya go senngwa di ile tsa sirelediwa ka selekanyo se se farologaneng. <ref>{{Cite news|last1=Hafner|first1=Katie|date=June 17, 2006|title=Growing Wikipedia Refines Its 'Anyone Can Edit' Policy|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/06/17/technology/17wiki.html|access-date=December 5, 2016}}</ref> Tsebe e e senngwang gantsi e ka nna "e e sireleditsweng bontlhabongwe" kgotsa "e e sireleditsweng e netefaditswe gape e atolositswe", se se rayang gore ke fela bakwadi ba ba "tlhomamisitsweng" kgotsa ba ba "netefaditsweng mo go atolositsweng" ba ka e fetolang. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=12–13}}Setlhogo se se bakang dikganetsano thata se ka nna sa lotlelwa gore e nne batsamaisi fela ba ba ka dirang diphetogo. Lekwalo la 2021 mo ''Columbia Journalism Review'' le ne la supa melawana ya Wikipedia ya go sireletsa ditsebe jaaka "gongwe tsela e e botlhokwa thata" e e nang le yone ya go "laola mmaraka wa yone wa megopolo". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Harrison |first=Stephen |last2=Benjakob |first2=Omer |date=January 14, 2021 |title=Wikipedia is twenty. It's time to start covering it better. |url=https://www.cjr.org/opinion/wikipedia-is-twenty-its-time-to-start-covering-it-better.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117150508/https://www.cjr.org/opinion/wikipedia-is-twenty-its-time-to-start-covering-it-better.php |archive-date=January 17, 2023 |access-date=January 15, 2021 |website=[[Columbia Journalism Review]]}}</ref> Wikipedia e abetse di- bot ditiro dingwe . tsamaiso ya algorithm ya mofuta yoo e bonolo go tsenngwa mo tirisong le go lekanyediwa, mme go gana go amogela diphetogo mo go itirisang (automated rejection ) go ka tswa go nnile le seabe mo go fokotsegeng ga bakwadi ba ba matlhagatlhaga ba Wikipedia. <ref name="Ren-2024">{{Cite journal |last=Ren |first=Yuqing |last2=Zhang |first2=Haifeng |last3=Kraut |first3=Robert E. |date=February 29, 2024 |title=How Did They Build the Free Encyclopedia? A Literature Review of Collaboration and Coordination among Wikipedia Editors |url=https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3617369 |url-status=live |journal=ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction |volume=31 |issue=1 |pages=1–48 |doi=10.1145/3617369 |issn=1073-0516 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240912194101/https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3617369 |archive-date=September 12, 2024 |access-date=September 12, 2024}}</ref> Di-bot di tshwanetse go amogelwa ke badirisi pele ga ditiro tsa tsone di tsenngwa mo tirisong. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|page=36}} Mo dikgannyeng tse dingwe, bakwadi botlhe ba letlelelwa go romela diphetogo, fela go tlhokega tshekatsheko mo bakwading bangwe, go lebilwe diemo dingwe. Ka sekai, Wikipedia ya Sejeremane e boloka "diphetolo tse di tlhomameng" tsa dikwalo tse di fentseng go tlhatlhobiwa mo go rileng. Morago ga diteko tse di tsereng nako e telele le dipuisano tsa badirisi, Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e ne ya tlhagisa thulaganyo ya "diphetogo tse di santseng di letilwe" ka Sedimonthole ngwaga wa 2012. <ref name="BInsider pending changes intro 1">{{Cite news|last=Henderson|first=William|date=December 10, 2012|title=Wikipedia Has Figured Out A New Way To Stop Vandals In Their Tracks|work=[[Insider Inc.|Business Insider]]|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/pending-changes-safeguard-on-wikipedia-2012-12|access-date=January 22, 2023}}</ref> Ka fa tlase ga thulaganyo ye, diphetogo tsa badirisi ba basha le ba ba sa kwadisiwang mo dikwalong dingwe tse di bakang dikganetsano kgotsa tse di nnang di senngwa di sekasekwa ke badirisi ba ba tlhomameng pele ga di gatisiwa. <ref>{{Cite news|last1=Frewin|first1=Jonathan|date=June 15, 2010|title=Wikipedia unlocks divisive pages for editing|journal=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/10312095|access-date=August 21, 2014}}</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, melawana ya go tlaleletsa dikwalo e fokotsa go nna le seabe ga bakwadi ga mmogo le maiteko a go kabakanya morafe wa badirisi. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ajmani |first=Leah |last2=Vincent |first2=Nicholas |last3=Chancellor |first3=Stevie |date=September 28, 2023 |title=Peer Produced Friction: How Page Protection on Wikipedia Affects Editor Engagement and Concentration |url=https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3610198 |url-status=live |journal=Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction |volume=7 |issue=CSCW2 |pages=1–33 |doi=10.1145/3610198 |issn=2573-0142 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240915061444/https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3610198 |archive-date=September 15, 2024 |access-date=September 15, 2024}}</ref> Dikwalo tse di amanang le kgotlhang ya Iseraele le Palestina di bewa ka fa tlase ga tshireletso e e atolositsweng e e netefaditsweng. <ref name="Harrison-2023">{{Cite news|last=Harrison|first=Stephen|date=October 26, 2023|title=Wikipedia Is Covering the War in Israel and Gaza Better Than X|url=https://slate.com/technology/2023/10/wikipedia-elon-musk-gaza-hamas-israel-x-twitter-dispute.html|access-date=December 20, 2023|work=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]|issn=1091-2339}}</ref> Bakwadi gape ba ka dira phetogo ya go boela morago mafoko a bone gangwe fela ka letsatsi go ralala ensaetlolopedia yotlhe mme ba ka thibelwa ruri go tlaleletsa dikwalo tse di amanang le yone. Melawana e e simolotswe ka 2008. <ref name="Benjakob-2020a">{{Cite news|last=Benjakob|first=Omer|date=October 4, 2020|title=The Second Intifada Still Rages on Wikipedia|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2020-10-04/ty-article/.highlight/the-second-intifada-still-rages-on-wikipedia/0000017f-e7fb-da9b-a1ff-efff2c230000|access-date=March 6, 2024|newspaper=[[Haaretz]]}}</ref> Ka Firikgong 2025, Komiti ya Katlholo e ne ya simolodisa "melawana e e lekalekanang ya go tlaleletsa dikwalo", e e tlhokang gore badirisi ba ba nang le dithibelo ba neele fela nngwetharong ya diphetolo tsa bone mo dikwalong tse di amanang le kgotlhang ya Iseraele le Palestina le fa go se na melao epe ya boitshwaro jo bo sa siamang e e robilweng. <ref name="Elia-Shalev-2025">{{Cite web |last=Elia-Shalev |first=Asaf |date=January 24, 2025 |title=Edit wars over Israel spur rare ban of 8 Wikipedia editors — from both sides |url=https://www.jta.org/2025/01/23/israel/edit-wars-over-israel-spur-rare-ban-of-8-wikipedia-editors-from-both-sides |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250610091420/https://www.jta.org/2025/01/23/israel/edit-wars-over-israel-spur-rare-ban-of-8-wikipedia-editors-from-both-sides |archive-date=June 10, 2025 |access-date=May 27, 2025 |website=[[Jewish Telegraphic Agency]]}}</ref> === Tshekatsheko ya diphetogo === [[File:Wikipedia_editing_interface.png|thumb|tsebe ya diphetolo ya Wikipedia]] Le fa diphetogo di sa sekasekwe ka thulaganyo, sofotewere ya Wikipedia e tlamela ka didirisiwa tse di letlelelang mongwe le mongwe go sekaseka diphetogo tse di dirilweng ke ba bangwe. Tsebe ya Ditso ya lekwalo lengwe le sengwe e golagana le diphetolo dingwe le dingwe tsa yone.{{efn|Revisions with libelous content, criminal threats, or copyright infringements may be removed completely.}} Mo dikwalong ka bontsi, mongwe le mongwe o ka lebelela diphetogo tse disha mme gape a baakanya diphetolo tsa ba bangwe ka go tobetsa kgokagano e e mo tsebeng ya Ditso tsa lekwalo la teng. Badirisi ba ba kwadisitsweng ba ka nna ba tlhokometse dikwalo tse di ba kgatlhang ka go nna le "lenaneo la ditebelelo" gore ba kgone go itsisiwe ka diphetogo. "Kanoko ya ditsebe tse disha" ke thulaganyo e mo go yone dikwalo tse di sa tswang go tlhamiwa di tlholwang go bona gore a di na le mathata a a bonalang. Ka 2003, moithuti wa setlankana sa PhD sa dithuto tsa itsholelo Andrea Ciffolilli o ne a bolela gore ditshenyegelo tse di kwa tlase tsa go nna le seabe mo wiki di ne tsa dira gore go nne le tlhabololo ya tirisanommogo, le gore dikarolo tsa mofuta yoo di ne di letlelela gore go nne motlhofo go bona diphetolo tse di fetileng tsa tsebe, mme go ne go thusa ka "dikatlholo tse di agang" go na le "dikatlholo tse di senyang". <ref name="FMonday collaborative effort 1">{{Cite journal |last=Ciffolilli |first=Andrea |date=December 2003 |title=Phantom authority, self-selective recruitment and retention of members in virtual communities: The case of Wikipedia |journal=First Monday |volume=8 |issue=12 |doi=10.5210/fm.v8i12.1108 |doi-access=free}}</ref> === Tshenyo === Phetogo epe e e tshosetsang go thokgama ga Wikipedia ka bomo e tsewa e le go senya. Mefuta e e tlwaelegileng thata e e bonalang ya go senya e akaretsa go oketsa ka dilo tse di fatlhang le metlae e e sa siamang; gape e ka akaretsa ipapatso le mefuta e mengwe ya spam. Ka dinako tse dingwe bakwadi ba senya dikwalo ka go tlosa diteng kgotsa go tsenya tsebe e e senang sepe gotlhelele. Mefuta e e sa tlwaelegang thata ya tshenyo, jaaka go tlaletsa dikwalo ka dikgang tse di utlwalang mme di se boammaaruri ka bomo, di ka nna dingalo thata go lemosega. Batho ba ba senyang dikwalo ba ka tsenya fomate e e sa amaneng le sepe, ba fetola motheo wa tsebe jaaka setlhogo sa tsebe kgotsa go aroganngwa ga yone ka ditlhopha, ba dirisa khoutu e e ka fa tlase ga lekwalo ka boferefere, kgotsa ba dirisa ditshwantsho ka tsela e e kgoreletsang. [[File:John_Seigenthaler_Sr._speaking.jpg|alt=White-haired elderly gentleman in suit and tie speaks at a podium.|left|thumb|Mmegadikgang wa MoAmerika John Seigenthaler (1927–2014), setlhogo sa tiragalo ya buka ya botshelo jwa ga Seigenthaler]] Tshenyo e e bonalang ka kakaretso e motlhofo go ka ntshiwa mo dikwalong tsa Wikipedia; nako ya bogare ya go e lemoga le go e baakanya ke metsotso e le mmalwa. Le fa go ntse jalo, tshenyo ye nngwe e tsaya lobaka thata go ka lemogwa le go baakanngwa. Mo tiragalong ya buka ya botshelo jwa ga Seigenthaler, mokwadi mongwe yo o neng a ipipile leina a sa itsiwe o ne a tsenya kgang ye e e seng boammaaruri mo lekwalong la botshelo jwa moeteledipele wa sepolotiki wa Amerika e bong John Seigenthaler ka Motsheganong 2005, a mo kaya mo go maaka jaaka mmelaelwa wa polao ya ga John F. Kennedy . E ne ya nna e sa baakanngwa dikgwedi di le nne. Seigenthaler, mookamedi yo o simolotseng ''USA Today'' le motlhami wa lekgotlana la kgololesego ya Lekalana la Phetolo ya Ntlha kwa Sekolo sa dithuto tse dikgolwane sa Vanderbilt, o ne a leletsa motlhami-mmogo wa Wikipedia e bong Jimmy Wales mme a mmotsa gore a o na le tsela epe ya go itse gore ke mang yo o tsentseng kgang ye e senang boammaaruri yeo. Wales o ne a re ga itse, le fa mong wa molato a ne a feleletsa a latedisiwa. <ref name="book The World is Flat 1">{{Cite book |last=Friedman |first=Thomas L. |year=2007 |title=The World is Flat |publisher=[[Farrar, Straus & Giroux]] |isbn=978-0-374-29278-2 |page=124}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Buchanan |first=Brian |date=November 17, 2006 |title=Founder shares cautionary tale of libel in cyberspace |url=https://archive.firstamendmentcenter.org/news.aspx?id=17798 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221140311/https://archive.firstamendmentcenter.org/news.aspx?id=17798 |archive-date=December 21, 2012 |access-date=November 17, 2012 |publisher=[[First Amendment Center]]}}</ref> Morago ga tiragalo e, Seigenthaler o ne a tlhalosa Wikipedia e le "sedirisiwa sa patlisiso se se nang le diphoso gape se sena maikarabelo". Tiragalo e e ne ya dira gore go dirwe diphetogo tsa melawana kwa Wikipedia tsa go gagamatsa go netefadiwa ga dikwalo tse di buang ka matshelo a batho ba ba tshelang. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Helm|first=Burt|title=Wikipedia: "A Work in Progress"|url=https://www.businessweek.com/stories/2005-12-13/wikipedia-a-work-in-progress|date=December 13, 2005|access-date=July 26, 2012}}</ref> === Dikganetsano le dintwa tsa go tlaleletsa dikwalo === Bakwadi ba Wikipedia gantsi ba na le go sa dumalane mabapi le diteng, tse di ka tlotliwang mo ditsebeng tsa Puisano tsa dikwalo. Dikganetsano di ka felela ka diphetogo tse di gaisanang gangwe le gape mo dikwalong, tse di bidiwang "ntwa ya go tlaleletsa". <ref name="NBC WP editorial warzone 12">{{Cite news|last=Coldewey|first=Devin|date=June 21, 2012|title=Wikipedia is editorial warzone, says study|department=Technology|work=[[NBC News]]|url=https://sys03-public.nbcnews.com/technology/wikipedia-editorial-warzone-says-study-838793|access-date=March 26, 2021|archivedate=August 26, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826113318/http://sys03-public.nbcnews.com/technology/wikipedia-editorial-warzone-says-study-838793}}</ref> E bonwa ke botlhe jaaka seemo se se senyang didirisiwa mme go sena kitso epe e e mosola e e tsengwang, <ref>{{Cite book |last=Kalyanasundaram |first=Arun |date=December 2015 |title=2015 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC) |last2=Wei |first2=Wei |last3=Carley |first3=Kathleen M. |last4=Herbsleb |first4=James D. |publisher=IEEE |isbn=978-1-4673-9743-8 |location=Huntington Beach, CA |pages=276–287 |chapter=An agent-based model of edit wars in Wikipedia: How and when is consensus reached |citeseerx=10.1.1.715.2758 |doi=10.1109/WSC.2015.7408171}}</ref> gape e a kgalwa ka e tsewa e dira ngwao ya gore bakwadi ba nne le kgaisano e nang le kgotlhang <ref>{{Cite book |last=Suh |first=Bongwon |date=2009 |title=Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Wikis and Open Collaboration |last2=Convertino |first2=Gregorio |last3=Chi |first3=Ed H. |last4=Pirolli |first4=Peter |publisher=ACM Press |isbn=978-1-60558-730-1 |location=Orlando, FL |pages=1–10 |chapter=The singularity is not near |doi=10.1145/1641309.1641322 |doi-access=free}}</ref> se se amangwang le dikarolo tsa bong tsa banna tsa setso . <ref>{{Cite news|last=Torres|first=Nicole|date=June 2, 2016|title=Why Do So Few Women Edit Wikipedia?|url=https://hbr.org/2016/06/why-do-so-few-women-edit-wikipedia|access-date=August 20, 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bear |first=Julia B. |last2=Collier |first2=Benjamin |date=March 2016 |title=Where are the Women in Wikipedia? Understanding the Different Psychological Experiences of Men and Women in Wikipedia |journal=Sex Roles |volume=74 |issue=5–6 |pages=254–265 |doi=10.1007/s11199-015-0573-y |s2cid=146452625}}</ref> Dipatlisiso di itebagantse thata le, sekai, go tlhoka botho ka dikganetsano, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Khazraie |first=Marzieh |last2=Talebzadeh |first2=Hossein |date=February 7, 2020 |title="Wikipedia does NOT tolerate your babbling!": Impoliteness-induced conflict (resolution) in a polylogal collaborative online community of practice |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378216620300771 |url-status=live |journal=Journal of Pragmatics |volume=163 |pages=46–65 |doi=10.1016/j.pragma.2020.03.009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240914115833/https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378216620300771 |archive-date=September 14, 2024 |access-date=September 15, 2024}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Smirnov |first=Ivan |last2=Oprea |first2=Camelia |last3=Strohmaier |first3=Markus |date=December 1, 2023 |editor-last=Ognyanova |editor-first=Katherine |title=Toxic comments are associated with reduced activity of volunteer editors on Wikipedia |url=https://academic.oup.com/pnasnexus/article/doi/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad385/7457939 |url-status=live |journal=PNAS Nexus |volume=2 |issue=12 |doi=10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad385 |issn=2752-6542 |pmc=10697426 |pmid=38059265 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007101400/https://academic.oup.com/pnasnexus/article/doi/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad385/7457939 |archive-date=October 7, 2024 |access-date=September 15, 2024 |doi-access=free |article-number=pgad385}}</ref> tlhotlheletso ya dikampa tsa bakwadi tse di gaisanang, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lerner |first=Jürgen |last2=Lomi |first2=Alessandro |date=December 21, 2020 |title=The free encyclopedia that anyone can dispute: An analysis of the micro-structural dynamics of positive and negative relations in the production of contentious Wikipedia articles |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378873318300467 |url-status=live |journal=Social Networks |volume=60 |pages=11–25 |doi=10.1016/j.socnet.2018.12.003 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241126001010/https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378873318300467 |archive-date=November 26, 2024 |access-date=September 15, 2024}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Morris-O'Connor |first=Danielle A. |last2=Strotmann |first2=Andreas |last3=Zhao |first3=Dangzhi |date=April 4, 2023 |title=The colonization of Wikipedia: evidence from characteristic editing behaviors of warring camps |url=https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JD-04-2022-0090/full/html |url-status=live |journal=Journal of Documentation |volume=79 |issue=3 |pages=784–810 |doi=10.1108/JD-04-2022-0090 |issn=0022-0418 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231020151300/https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JD-04-2022-0090/full/html |archive-date=October 20, 2023 |access-date=November 14, 2023}}</ref> popego ya dipuisano, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ziembowicz |first=Karolina |last2=Roszczyńska-Kurasińska |first2=Magdalena |last3=Rychwalska |first3=Agnieszka |last4=Nowak |first4=Andrzej |date=October 3, 2022 |title=Predicting conflict-prone disputes using the structure of turn-taking: the case of Wikipedia |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369118X.2021.1924224 |url-status=live |journal=Information, Communication & Society |volume=25 |issue=13 |pages=1987–2005 |doi=10.1080/1369118X.2021.1924224 |issn=1369-118X |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007091334/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369118X.2021.1924224 |archive-date=October 7, 2024 |access-date=September 15, 2024}}</ref> le phetogo ya dikgotlhang go tlhoma mogopolo mo metsweding. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chhabra |first=Anamika |date=August 25, 2020 |title=Proceedings of the 16th International Symposium on Open Collaboration |last2=Kaur |first2=Rishemjit |last3=Iyengar |first3=S. R.S. |publisher=ACM |isbn=978-1-4503-8779-8 |pages=1–10 |chapter=Dynamics of Edit War Sequences in Wikipedia |doi=10.1145/3412569.3412585 |access-date=September 15, 2024 |chapter-url=https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3412569.3412585 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240915052238/https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3412569.3412585 |archive-date=September 15, 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="Ruprechter">{{Cite journal |last=Ruprechter |first=Thorsten |last2=Santos |first2=Tiago |last3=Helic |first3=Denis |date=September 9, 2020 |title=Relating Wikipedia article quality to edit behavior and link structure |journal=Applied Network Science |volume=5 |issue=1 |doi=10.1007/s41109-020-00305-y |issn=2364-8228 |doi-access=free |article-number=61}}</ref> Taha Yasseri wa Sekolo sa dithuto tse dikgolwane sa Oxford o ne a sekaseka dikgotlhang tsa go tlaleletsa/kwala dikwalo le go rarabololwa ga tsone mo patlisisong ya 2013. <ref name="Yasseri-2014">{{Cite book |last=Yasseri |first=Taha |author-link=Taha Yasseri |year=2014 |title=The Most Controversial Topics in Wikipedia: A Multilingual and Geographical Analysis |last2=Spoerri |first2=Anselm |last3=Graham |first3=Mark |last4=Kertész |first4=János |author-link4=János Kertész |publisher=Scarecrow Press |editor-last=Fichman, P. |doi=10.2139/SSRN.2269392 |ssrn=2269392 |editor-last2=Hara, N.}}</ref> Yasseri o ne a nganga gore go boela morago mo go bonolo fela kgotsa ditiro tsa "go dirolola" e ne e se selekanyo se se botlhokwa thata sa boitshwaro jo bo sa siamang jwa tiro kwa Wikipedia. O ne a ikaegile boemong jwa seo ka leano la "bakwadi ba le babedi ba bereka mmogo go boela ditlaleletso morago", le e leng gore mokwadi a le mongwe o tlaabo a busetsa morago go tlaleletsa ga mokwadi yo mongwe yo morago ga moo, ka tatelano, a boelang go busetsa tlaleletso ya mokwadi wa ntlha morago. Maduo a ne a tsenngwa mo lenaneong la diphetolelo di le mmalwa tsa dipuo tsa Wikipedia. Dikgotlhang tsa dipalo tse tharo tse di tona mo Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e ne e le tsa dikwalo tsa ga George W. Bush, botlhokapuso, le Muhammad . <ref name="Yasseri-2014" /> Fa go bapisiwa, mo Wikipedia ya Jeremane, dikgotlhang tsa dipalo tse tharo tse di tona ka nako ya patlisiso e ne e le tsa dikwalo tse di neng di bua ka Croatia, Scientology, le megopolo ka tiragalo ya 9/11 . <ref name="Yasseri-2014" /> Ka 2020, babatlisisi ba ne ba supa dikgato tse dingwe ka maitsholo a bakwadi, go feta go boela morago ditlaleletso ka bobedi, go supa dikgotlhang tsa go tlaleletsa dikwalo go ralala Wikipedia. <ref name="Ruprechter"/> Bakwadi gape ba ngangisana ka go phimolwa ga dikwalo mo Wikipedia, ka dingangisano tse di ntseng jalo di ka nna dikete di le makgolo a le matlhano fa e sa le Wikipedia e simololwa go tloga ka 2019. Fa lekwalo le sena go tlhophiwa go phimolwa, kganetsano gantsi e laolwa ke ditlhopo tsa ntlha (gore a le bolokwe kgotsa le phimolwe) le ka go umaka melawana ya tse di rileng tsa setlhogo. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mayfield |first=Elijah |last2=Black |first2=Alan W. |date=November 7, 2019 |title=Analyzing Wikipedia Deletion Debates with a Group Decision-Making Forecast Model |url=https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3359308 |url-status=live |journal=Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction |volume=3 |issue=CSCW |pages=1–26 |doi=10.1145/3359308 |issn=2573-0142 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240915025504/https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3359308 |archive-date=September 15, 2024 |access-date=September 15, 2024}}</ref> == Melao le diteng == Wikipedia e na le mafelo a maina a a farologaneng a le lesome le bongwe mme dikwalo tsa yone di teng mo ''lefelong la maremelelo'' . Mafelo a mangwe a maina a na le ketapele pele ga setlhogo sa tsebe ya one mme a diragatsa maikaelelo a a farologaneng. Sekai, lefelo la maina a lenaneo le o a dirisa ketapele ''ya Wikipedia'' mme gape le dirisediwa dipuisano tse di amanang le go ipusa. Bontsi jwa babadi ga ba itse ka mafelo a a mangwe a maina. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|page=3}} Melaometheo ya morafe wa badirisi ba Wikipedia e akareditswe mo "Dipilara tse Tlhano", fa melaometheo e e tseneletseng ya go tlaleletsa dikwalo e tlhagisiwa mo melaong le dikaedi tse dintsi tse di diretsweng go bopa diteng mo go tshwanetseng. Dipilara tse tlhano tseo ke: * Wikipedia ke ensaetlolopedia * Wikipedia e kwadilwe ka tsela e e sa tseyeng letlhakore * Diteng tsa Wikipedia ke tsa mahala tse mongwe le mongwe a ka di dirisang, a di tlaleletsa, le go di anamisa * Bakwadi ba Wikipedia ba tshwanetse go tshwarana ka tlotlo le maitseo * Wikipedia ga e na melao e e kgopo Melao e e tlhamilweng ke badirisi e bolokwa mo lefelong la maina la Wikipedia, mme bakwai ba Wikipedia ba kwala le go tlhabolola melao le dikaelo tsa webosaete go ya ka tumalano ya badirisi. <ref name="pcworld who's behind WP">{{Cite web |date=February 6, 2008 |title=Who's behind Wikipedia? |url=https://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/id;1866322157;fp;2;fpid;2 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080209110303/https://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/id%3B1866322157%3Bfp%3B2%3Bfpid%3B2 |archive-date=February 9, 2008 |access-date=February 7, 2008 |website=PC World |page=2}}</ref> Kwa tshimologong, melao ya dikgatiso tse e seng tsa Sekgoa tsa Wikipedia e ne e beilwe mo thanolong ya melao ya Wikipedia ya Sekgoa. Fa e sa le ka nako eo e ile ya fapoga golo gongwe. === Melao ya diteng le dikaelo === Go ya ka melao ya morafe wa badirisi ba Wikipedia ya Sekgoa, lekwalo lengwe le lengwe mo Wikipedia le tshwanetse go nna le setlhogo se se maleba go nna mo [[wiktionary:encyclopedic|ensaetlolopedia]] mme e se lekwalo le le kwadilweng kana le utlwalega jaaka buka ya tlhaloso ya mafoko. Setlhogo gape se tshwanetse go fitlhelela maemo a Wikipedia a "notability", se se rayang gore setlhogo se tshwanetse gore a bo se kile sa akarediwa thata mo metsweding e e ikanyegang e e ikemetseng ka nosi mo setlhogong sa lekwalo leo. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=53–54}}Wikipedia e ikaeletse go fetisa fela kitso e e setseng e tlhomilwe gape e lemogwa ka jalo ga e a tshwanela go tlhagisa dipatlisiso tsa ntlha tsa setlhogo sa palo. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|page=32}}Ditlhogo tsa dipalo tse dingwe, jaaka tsa mapolotiki le barutegi, di na le melwana e e kgethegileng. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=53–54}}La bofelo, Wikipedia e tshwanetse go supa karolo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore. Se se fitlhelelwa ka go soboka metswedi e e ikanyegang, go dirisa puo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore, le go tlhomamisa gore go tlhagisiwa dintlha tse dintsintsi go ikaegile ka gore di tlhagelela go le kana kang. Dikgang/kitso gape e tshwanetse gore a bo e ka netefadiwa. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=5–7}}Lekwalo le le senang dinopolo le ka nna la tshwaiwa kgotsa la phimolwa gotlhelele. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|page=33}}Se ka dinako tse dingwe se ka dira gore go phimolwe lekwalo(tshedimosetso) , le fa e le boammaaruri, e le gore ga e na metswedi sentle. <ref name="IHT WP valid info wrong removable 1">{{Cite news|last=Cohen|first=Noam|author-link=Noam Cohen|date=August 9, 2011|title=For inclusive mission, Wikipedia is told that written word goes only so far|page=18|newspaper=[[International Herald Tribune]]}}</ref> Jaaka fa melao ya Wikipedia e ntse e fetoga mo tsamaong ya nako, gape e nna dingalo, palo ya yone e ile ya gola. Ka 2008, go ne go na le ditsebe tsa melao di le masome a mane le bone le ditsebe tsa dikaelo di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a le mane le boferabobedi (248); ka 2013, barutegi ba ne ba bala ditsebe tsa melao di le makgolo a le mararo le masome a le boferabobedi le boraro (383) le ditsebe tsa dikaelo di le makgolo a le mane le masome a le mane le boferabongwe (449). <ref name="Ren-2024"/> == Tsamaiso/Puso == Puso ya ntlha ya Wikipedia e ne ya kopanya dikarolo tsa puso ya batho ka batho le tsa tatelano ya maemo fa nako e ntse e tsamaya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sanger |first=Larry |author-link=Larry Sanger |date=April 18, 2005 |title=The Early History of Nupedia and Wikipedia: A Memoir |url=https://features.slashdot.org/story/05/04/18/164213/the-early-history-of-nupedia-and-wikipedia-a-memoir |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090525051304/http://features.slashdot.org/features/05/04/18/164213.shtml |archive-date=May 25, 2009 |access-date=January 24, 2023 |website=[[Slashdot]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kostakis |first=Vasilis |date=March 2010 |title=Identifying and understanding the problems of Wikipedia's peer governance: The case of inclusionists versus deletionists |url=https://firstmonday.org/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/2613/2479 |url-status=live |journal=First Monday |volume=15 |issue=3 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210310125049/https://firstmonday.org/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/2613/2479 |archive-date=March 10, 2021 |access-date=March 26, 2021}}</ref> Lekwalo ga le tsewe e le la motlhami wa lone kgotsa mokwadi ope yo mongwe, le fa e le yo go buiwang ka ene (setlhogo) mo go lone. Bakwadi ba ba mo maemong a a siameng mo morafeng ww badirisi ba ka kopa ditshwanelo tse dingwe tsa bodirisi, se se ka ba nayang bokgoni jwa setegeniki jwa go dira ditiro dingwe tse di kgethegileng. Ditshwanelo dingwe tsa bodirisi di neelwa ka go itirisa (automatically), jaaka ditlhopha tse ''di netefaditsweng ka go itirisa'' le ''tse di netefaditsweng tse di atolositsweng'', fa dingwaga tsa akhaonte le diphetogo tsa dikwalo tse di batliwang di fitlhelelwa. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=12–13}} === Batsamaisi === Bakwadi ba ba nang le kitso ya bodirisi ba ka tlhopha go tsenelela ditlhopho tsa " botsamaisi ", jo bo akaretsang bokgoni jwa go phimola ditsebe kgotsa go di thibela gore di se ka tsa fetolwa mo dikgetseng tsa tshenyo e e masisi kgotsa dikgotlhang tsa dikwalo. Batsamaisi ga ba a tshwanela go nna le dithata dipe tse di kgethegileng tsa go dira ditshwetso; go na le seo, dithata tsa bone di lekanyeditswe thata mo go direng diphetogo tse di botlhokwa thata tsa mananeo mme ka jalo ga di letlelelwe bakwadi ba ba tlwaelesegileng, le go diragatsa dithibelo tse di ikaeletseng go thibela bakwadi ba ba kgoreletsang go dira diphetogo tse di senang mosola. <ref name=":6" group="W" /> Ka 2012, bakwadi ba le mmalwa ba ne ba nna batsamaisi fa ba bapisiwa le dingwaga tsa pele tsa Wikipedia, bontlhabongwe jwa lobaka la kgang e e le gore thulaganyo ya go tlhatlhoba batsamaisi ba ba ka nnang teng e ne e setse e gagametse thata. <ref name="Meyer-2012">{{Cite news|last=Meyer|first=Robinson|date=July 16, 2012|title=3 Charts That Show How Wikipedia Is Running Out of Admins|work=The Atlantic|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/07/3-charts-that-show-how-wikipedia-is-running-out-of-admins/259829|access-date=January 23, 2023}}</ref> Ka 2022, go ne ga nna le kopo e e neng ya baka dikganetsano thata ya botsamaisi ka ga maikutlo a ntlhopheng yo o neng a le kgatlhanong le Trump; kwa bofelong, ba ne ba newa botsamaisi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Harrison |first=Stephen |date=June 16, 2022 |title=Inside Wikipedia's Historic, Fiercely Contested "Election" |url=https://slate.com/technology/2022/06/wikipedia-administrator-election-tamzin.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220824123521/https://slate.com/technology/2022/06/wikipedia-administrator-election-tamzin.html |archive-date=August 24, 2022 |access-date=July 22, 2022 |website=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]}}</ref> === Tharabololo ya dikgotlhang === Mo tsamaong ya nako, Wikipedia e tlhamile thulaganyo ya go rarabolola dikgotlhang e e sa tlhomamang tota-tota. Go tlhomamisa tumalano gareng ga morafe wa badirisi, bakwadi ba ka tlhagisa dikgang kwa makgotlaneng a badirisi a a maleba, ba batla dikakgelo kwa ntle ka dikopo tsa maikutlo a boraro, kgotsa ba simolola dipuisano tsa morafe wa badirisi ka kakaretso, yo o bidiwang "kopo ya kakgelo", e mo go yone di-bot di tsenyang puisano eo mo lenaneong le le kopantsweng la dipuisano, mme bakwadi a bo ba lalediwa go tsaya karolo, mme morago ba sutlhe puisano eo mo lenaneong morago ga malatsi a le masome a boraro. Le fa go ntse jalo, bakwadi ba na le tshwanelo ya go tswala (le go sutlha) puisano eo pele kgotsa morago ga nako. Fa maduo a puisano a sa bonale sentle, mokwadi yo o gaufi yo o sa amegeng yo gantsi a leng mo maemong a a siameng a ka ntsha katlholo go ya ka maatla a mabaka a a ntshiwang le palo ya batho ba ba ngangisanang mo matlhakoreng otlhe. <ref name="Bandler-2024">{{Citation|last=Bandler|first=Aaron|date=June 21, 2024|title=Wikipedia Editors Label ADL Only Reliable for Antisemitism When 'Israel and Zionism Are Not Concerned'|url=https://jewishjournal.com/news/united-states/372532/wikipedia-editors-label-adl-only-reliable-for-antisemitism-when-israel-and-zionism-are-not-concerned/|access-date=May 3, 2025}}</ref> Badirisi ba Wikipedia ba gatelela gore thulaganyo e ga se go tlhopha ka go umaka dipego tsa maikutlo mo dipuisanong tseo jaaka "!vote", e mo go lone letshwao la kgakgamatso e leng letshwao la go ganetsa ka tsela e e utlwalang mme le bidiwa "nnyaa". <ref>{{Citation|last=Harrison|first=Stephen|title=Wikipedia's War on the Daily Mail|date=July 1, 2021|work=Slate|url=https://slate.com/technology/2021/07/wikipedia-daily-mail-generally-unreliable.html|access-date=May 13, 2025|issn=1091-2339}}</ref> Wikipedia e rotloetsa ditharabololo tsa dikgotlhang, tse Jemielniak a reng di kgethegile thata mo dithutong tsa mokgatlho, le fa go nnile le kgatlhego ya bosheng jaana mo go ageng tumalano mo lephateng le. <ref name="Jemielniak">{{Cite book |last=Jemielniak |first=Dariusz |year=2014 |title=Common Knowledge?: An Ethnography of Wikipedia |publisher=[[Stanford University Press]] |isbn=978-0-8047-9120-5 |location=Stanford, CA |doi=10.2307/j.ctvqsdrf9 |jstor=j.ctvqsdrf9}}</ref> Reagle le Sue Gardner ba nganga gore mekgwa ya go aga tumalano e tshwana le e e dirisiwang ke ba-Quakers . <ref name="Jemielniak" />{{Rp|page=62}}Pharologanyo le diphuthego tsa ba-Quaker ke go tlhoka motsamaisi fa go na le go sa dumalana, e leng seabe se se tshamekiwang ke mokwaledi mo diphuthegong tsa Ba-Quaker. <ref name="Jemielniak" />{{Rp|page=83}} ==== Komiti ya Katlholo ==== Komiti ya Katlholo e okametse thulaganyo ya bofelo ya tharabololo ya dikgotlhang. Le fa gantsi dikgotlhang di tsoga ka ntlha ya go sa dumalane ka megopolo e mebedi e e ganetsanang ka lekwalo le tshwanetseng go balega ka teng, Komiti ya Katlholo e gana tota ka go dira tshwetso ka tlhamalalo ka mogopolo yo o tshwanetseng go amogelwa. <ref name="Hoffman-2009">{{Cite journal |last=Hoffman |first=David A. |last2=Mehra |first2=Salil K. |date=March 5, 2009 |title=Wikitruth Through Wikiorder |url=https://scholarlycommons.law.emory.edu/elj/vol59/iss1/3/ |url-status=live |journal=Emory Law Journal |volume=59 |issue=1 |ssrn=1354424 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613214656/https://scholarlycommons.law.emory.edu/elj/vol59/iss1/3/ |archive-date=June 13, 2021 |access-date=November 15, 2024}}</ref> Ditshekatsheko tsa dipalopalo di supa gore komiti ya Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e itlhokomolosa diteng tsa dikgotlhang mme go na le moo e remelela thata mo goreng dikgotlhang di tsamaisiwe jang, e sa dire thata go rarabolola dikgotlhang le go dira kagiso fa gare ga bakwadi ba ba ganetsenang, mme e ntsha bakwadi ba ba dingalo e ntse e letla bakwadi ba tlhaga go boela go tsaya karolo gape. <ref name="Hoffman-2009">{{Cite journal |last=Hoffman |first=David A. |last2=Mehra |first2=Salil K. |date=March 5, 2009 |title=Wikitruth Through Wikiorder |url=https://scholarlycommons.law.emory.edu/elj/vol59/iss1/3/ |url-status=live |journal=Emory Law Journal |volume=59 |issue=1 |ssrn=1354424 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613214656/https://scholarlycommons.law.emory.edu/elj/vol59/iss1/3/ |archive-date=June 13, 2021 |access-date=November 15, 2024}}</ref> Ka jalo, komiti ga e laole diteng tsa dikwalo, le fa ka dinako tse dingwe e kgala diphetogo tsa diteng fa e tsaya gore diteng tse disha di tlola melao ya Wikipedia (sekai, fa diteng tse disha di tsewa di tsaya letlhakore).{{efn|The committee may directly rule that a content change is inappropriate, but may not directly rule that certain content is inappropriate.}} Ditharabololo tse di dirisiwang gantsi di akaretsa dikgalemo le go beewa leitlho thata( di dirisiwa mo dikgetseng di le masome a le marataro le boraro mo lekgolong (63%)) le go kobela ruri bakwadi mo dikwalong (masome a le mane le boraro mo lekgolong (43%)), dikgang tsa setlhogo (masome a le mabedi le boraro mo lekgolong (23%)), kgotsa mo Wikipedia (lesome le borataro mo lekgolong(16%)). <ref name="Hoffman-2009" /> Go kobelwa ruri mo go feletseng mo Wikipedia gantsi go beetswe fela dikgetse di tshwana le go ipaya o le motho yo mongwe le boitshwaro jwa go sa dirisana le batho ba bangwe sentle . Fa boitshwaro e se go ipaya o le motho yo mongwe kgotsa go nna kgatlhanong le go tshela sentle le batho ba bangwe, mme e le jwa dintwa tsa dikwalo le go roba melao e mengwe ya go tlaleletsa/kwala dikwalo, ditharabololo di na le go ema ka dikgalemo fela. <ref name="Hoffman-2009" /> == Morafe wa badirisi == [[File:Wikimania_-_the_Wikimentary.webm|start=00:04|thumbtime=00:16|thumb|Setshwantsho sa motshikinyego saWikimania 2005{{snd}}bokopano jwa ngwaga le ngwaga jwa badirisi ba Wikipedia le mananeo a mangwe a a tsamaisiwang ke [[Wikimedia Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]], o ne o tshwaretswe kwa Frankfurt am Main, kwa Jeremane, ka Phatwe a le malatsi a le mane go fitlhela a le boferabobedi.]] Lekwalo lengwe le lengwe le modirisi mongwe le mongwe wa Wikipedia o na le tsebe e a amanang le yone gape e e kgethegileng ya "puo". Dilo tse di bopa tsela ya konokono ya dipuisano gore bakwadi ba kgone go abelana megopolo, go rulaganya le go ngangisana. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Viégas |first=Fernanda B. |author-link=Fernanda B. Viégas |last2=Wattenberg |first2=Martin M. |author-link2=Martin M. Wattenberg |last3=Kriss |first3=Jesse |last4=van Ham |first4=Frank |date=January 3, 2007 |title=Talk Before You Type: Coordination in Wikipedia |url=https://www.research.ibm.com/visual/papers/wikipedia_coordination_final.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070205111038/https://www.research.ibm.com/visual/papers/wikipedia_coordination_final.pdf |archive-date=February 5, 2007 |access-date=June 27, 2008 |publisher=Visual Communication Lab, [[IBM Research]]}}</ref> Morafe wa Wikipedia o tlhalositswe fa o tswana le setlhopha sa bodumedi, <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2005/dec/15/wikipedia.web20|title=Log on and join in, but beware the web cults|first1=Charles|last1=Arthur|date=December 15, 2005|access-date=December 26, 2008}}</ref> le fa go sa tewe ka mekgwa e e sa lolamang fela ka dinako tsotlhe.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2003/TECH/internet/08/03/wikipedia/index.html|title=Wikipedia: The know-it-all Web site|first1=Kristie|last1=Lu Stout|publisher=CNN|date=August 4, 2003|access-date=December 26, 2008}}</ref> Go rata go nna seoposengwe ga one, le fa go tlhoka go mpampetsa mo go akaretsang go tlhokomologa dintlha tsa go itshupa, go biditswe " go nna kgatlhanong le go itseela kwa maemong a a kwa godimo " . <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=Sanger |first=Larry |author-link=Larry Sanger |date=December 31, 2004 |title=Why Wikipedia Must Jettison Its Anti-Elitism |url=https://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2004/12/30/142458/25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211101011352/http://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2004/12/30/142458/25 |archive-date=November 1, 2021 |access-date=March 26, 2021 |website=[[Kuro5hin]], Op–Ed |quote=There is a certain mindset associated with unmoderated Usenet groups [...] that infects the collectively-managed Wikipedia project: if you react strongly to trolling, that reflects poorly on you, not (necessarily) on the troll. If you [...] demand that something be done about constant disruption by trollish behavior, the other listmembers will cry "censorship", attack you, and even come to the defense of the troll. [...] The root problem: anti-elitism, or lack of respect for expertise. There is a deeper problem [...] which explains both of the above-elaborated problems. Namely, as a community, Wikipedia lacks the habit or tradition of respect for expertise. As a community, far from being elitist, it is anti-elitist (which, in this context, means that expertise is not accorded any special respect, and snubs and disrespect of expertise are tolerated). This is one of my failures: a policy that I attempted to institute in Wikipedia's first year, but for which I did not muster adequate support, was the policy of respecting and deferring politely to experts. (Those who were there will, I hope, remember that I tried very hard.)}}</ref> [[File:Editing_Hoxne_Hoard_at_the_British_Museum.ogv|right|thumb|Badiri ba Wikipedia le batlhokomedi ba [[Motlobo wa ditso wa Borithane]] ba dirisana mmogo mo lekwalong la Hoxne Hoard ka Seetebosigo 2010.]] Wikipedia ga e tlhoke gore bakwadi ba yone le ba na le seabe ba itshupe gore ke bomang. Fa Wikipedia e ntse e gola, potso ya "Ke mang yo o kwalang Wikipedia?" e ne ya nna nngwe ya dipotso tse di neng di botswa thata teng.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kittur |first=Aniket |year=2007 |title=CHI '07: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems |publisher=Viktoria Institute |chapter=Power of the Few vs. Wisdom of the Crowd: Wikipedia and the Rise of the Bourgeoisie |citeseerx=10.1.1.212.8218}}</ref> Jimmy Wales o kile a bolela gore ke fela "morafe&nbsp;... setlhopha se se ineetseng sa baithaopi ba le makgolo a le mmalwa" se se dirang bontsi jwa ditshwaelo mo Wikipedia le gore ka jalo lenaneo le "le tshwana fela le mokgatlho mongwe le mongwe yo o tlwaelesegileng". <ref name="blodget">{{Cite news|last=Blodget|first=Henry|date=January 3, 2009|title=Who The Hell Writes Wikipedia, Anyway?|work=[[Insider Inc.|Business Insider]]|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/2009/1/who-the-hell-writes-wikipedia-anyway|access-date=January 26, 2023}}</ref> Ka Wikipedia e ikaegile ka tiro ya boithaopo, bakwadi gantsi ba remelela mo dikgannyeng tse di ba kgatlhang. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=61–62}} Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e na le dikwalo di le didikadile di le bosupa le dikete di le makgolo a mabedi le boferabongwe le masome a le matlhano le bone ({{self-reference link|Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}}}), bakwadi ba ba kwadisitsweng ba le didikadike di le masome a matlhano le boraro le dikete di le makgolo a marataro le masome a le bosupa le botlhano le makgolo a le mararo le masome a le mane le bongwe ({{self-reference link|Special:ListUsers|{{NUMBEROFUSERS}}}}), le bakwadi ba ba ba tlhaga ba dinako tsotlhe ba le dikete di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a le mane le boferabongwe le makgolo a le mararo le masome a le boferabobedi le bosupa( {{self-reference link|Special:ActiveUsers|{{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}}}} ). Mokwadi o tsewa a le tlhaga fa a dirile phetogo/tlaleletso e le nngwe kgotsa go feta mo malatsing a le masome a mararo a a fetileng. Bakwadi ba ba palelwang ke go sela morago mekgwa ya Wikipedia, e e tshwanang le go saena ditshwaelo tsa tsebe ya puisano, ba ka supa ka tlhamalalo gore ke batho ba ba tswang kwa ntle ga Wikipedia, mme se sa oketsa kgonagalo ya gore badirisi ba ba mo teng ga Wikipedia ba ka nna ba lebisa kgotsa ba fokotsa ditshwaelo tsa bone. Go nna modirisi yo o mo teng ga Wikipedia go akaretsa ditshenyegelo tse di sa reng sepe: motsaakarolo o solofetswe go ithuta dikhoutu tsa maranyane tse di rileng tsa Wikipedia, go ineela mo thulaganyong e ka dinako dingwe e leng dingalo ya go rarabolola dikgotlhang, le go ithuta "ngwao e e makatsang e e humileng metlae le dikakgelo tsa mo teng". <ref name="labor squeeze on WP 1" /> Bakwadi ba ba sa tseneng mo teng ga ensaetlolopedia ke " badirisi ba maemo a bobedi " mo Wikipedia ka tsela nngwe, <ref name="labor squeeze on WP 1">{{Cite journal |year=2010 |title=Wikipedia's Labor Squeeze and its Consequences |url=https://digitalcommons.law.scu.edu/facpubs/5/ |url-status=live |journal=Journal on Telecommunications and High Technology Law |volume=8 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230126220032/https://digitalcommons.law.scu.edu/facpubs/5/ |archive-date=January 26, 2023 |access-date=January 26, 2023 |via=Santa Clara Law Digital Commons}}</ref> ka gonne "batsayakarolo ba amogetswe semmuso ke maloko a morafe wa wiki, ba ba nang le kgatlhego e e tseneletseng mo go somareleng boleng jwa tiro e e ntshiwang, go lebilwe go nna le seabe ga bone mo go tswelelang", <ref name="legal edu and WP 1">{{Cite journal |date=March 2007 |title=Wikipedia and the Future of Legal Education |journal=Journal of Legal Education |publisher=[[Association of American Law Schools]] |volume=57 |issue=1 |pages=3–9 |jstor=42894005}}</ref> mme ditso tsa go nna le seabe tsa bakwadi ba ba sa itsiweng ba sa ikwadisa mme ba lemogwa ka . diaterese tsa bone fela ga di amane le mokwadi ope ka tlhomamo. <ref name="legal edu and WP 1" /> Bakwadi ba basha gantsi ba sokola go tlhaloganya marara a Wikipedia. Bakwadi ba ba nang le maitemogelo/kitso ba rotloediwa gore ba seka ba "tlhasela" badirisi ba ba sha gore ba kgone go dira mowa wa go amogela batho. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=10–11}} === Dipatlisiso === Patlisiso ya 2007 e e dirilweng ke babatlisisi go tswa kwa Dartmouth College e bone gore "badirisi ba ba sa itsiweng le ba ba sa tseyeng karolo thata mo Wikipedia&nbsp;... ke motswedi o o ikanyegang wa kitso fela jaaka badirisi ba ba ikwadisang mo saeteng e". <ref name="sciam good samaritans 1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?id=good-samaritans-are-on-the-money|title=Wikipedia "Good Samaritans" Are on the Money|work=Scientific American|date=October 19, 2007|access-date=December 26, 2008}}</ref> Jimmy Wales o boletse ka 2009 gore "[Go] bonala gore go feta sephatlo mo lekgolong (50%) ya diphetogo tsotlhe di dirwa ke 0.7% fela ya badirisi&nbsp;... Batho ba le makgolo a matlhano le masome a mabedi le bone&nbsp;... Mme tota, bobedi mo lekgolong (2%) e etlhaga thata, e leng batho ba le sekete le makgolo a mane , ba dirile 73.4% ya diphetogo tsotlhe." <ref name="blodget">{{Cite news|last=Blodget|first=Henry|date=January 3, 2009|title=Who The Hell Writes Wikipedia, Anyway?|work=[[Insider Inc.|Business Insider]]|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/2009/1/who-the-hell-writes-wikipedia-anyway|access-date=January 26, 2023}}</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, morulaganyi wa ''Business Insider'' gape e le mmegadikgang Henry Blodget o bontshitse ka 2009 gore mo bontlhengbongwe jwa dikwalo tse di tlhophilweng fela go sena lenaneo, bontsi jwa diteng tsa Wikipedia (tse di lekanngwang ka selekanyo sa mokwalo o o tsentsweng o o sa ntseng o le teng go fitlha ka sampole ya bosheng) di tlhamilwe ke "batho ba ba tswang kwa ntle", fa bontsi jwa go kwala le go fomata go dirwa ke "badirisi ba ba mo teng". <ref name="blodget" /> Ka 2008, setlhogo sa bukana ya ditshwantsho le dikgang y''a Slate'' e ne ya bega gore "bongwe fela mo lekgolong la badirisi ba Wikipedia ke bone ba ba dirang mo e ka nnang sephatlo sa diphetogo tsa saete e." <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.slate.com/id/2184487|title=The Wisdom of the Chaperones|date=February 22, 2008|first=Chris|last=Wilson|work=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]|access-date=August 13, 2014}}</ref> Mokgwa o wa go sekaseka go tsaa karolo o ne wa ganetswa morago ke Aaron Swartz, yo o neng a lemotsha gore dikwalo di le mmalwa tse a neng a di tsaya disampole di ne di na le dikarolo tse ditona tsa diteng tsa tsone (tse di lekanngwang ka palo ya ditlhaka) tse di neng di dirilwe ke badirisi ba ba nang le dipalo tse di kwa tlase tsa bokwadi/go tlaleletsa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Swartz |first=Aaron |date=September 4, 2006 |title=Raw Thought: Who Writes Wikipedia? |url=https://www.aaronsw.com/weblog/whowriteswikipedia |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140803134036/https://www.aaronsw.com/weblog/whowriteswikipedia |archive-date=August 3, 2014 |access-date=February 23, 2008}}</ref> Thutopatlisiso ya 2008 e fitlhetse gore batho ba Wikipedia ba ne ba sa dumalane thata, ba sa bulegela megopolo, e bile ba se kelo-tlhoko go feta ba bangwe, <ref name="liebertonline view on WP users 1">{{Cite journal |last=Amichai-Hamburger |first=Yair |last2=Lamdan |first2=Naama |last3=Madiel |first3=Rinat |last4=Hayat |first4=Tsahi |year=2008 |title=Personality Characteristics of Wikipedia Members |journal=CyberPsychology & Behavior |publisher=Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. |volume=11 |issue=6 |pages=679–681 |doi=10.1089/cpb.2007.0225 |pmid=18954273}}</ref> le fa kakgelo morago e ne ya supa diphoso tse di masisi, di akaretsa gore phatliso e ne e supa go bulegela megopolo mo go kwa godimo le gore dipharologano tsa setlhopha sa taolo le disampole di ne di le dinnye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McGreal |first=Scott A. |date=March 11, 2013 |title=The Misunderstood Personality Profile of Wikipedia Members |url=https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/unique-everybody-else/201303/the-misunderstood-personality-profile-wikipedia-members |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716155007/https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/blog/unique-everybody-else/201303/the-misunderstood-personality-profile-wikipedia-members |archive-date=July 16, 2023 |access-date=June 5, 2016 |website=[[Psychology Today]]}}</ref> Go ya ka patlisiso ya 2009, go na le "bosupi jwa kganetso e e golang go tswa mo morafeng wa badirisi ba Wikipedia mabapi le diteng tse disha". <ref name="newscientist WP boom to bust 1">{{Cite web |last=Giles |first=Jim |date=August 4, 2009 |title=After the boom, is Wikipedia heading for bust? |url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17554-after-the-boom-is-wikipedia-heading-for-bust.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150421215605/http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17554-after-the-boom-is-wikipedia-heading-for-bust.html |archive-date=April 21, 2015 |access-date=September 18, 2017 |website=New Scientist}}</ref> === Kabakanyo ya badirisi === Dipatlisiso di le mmalwa di supile gore bontsi jwa batsaakarolo ba ba ithaopileng mo Wikipedia ke banna. Maduo a patlisiso ya [[Wikimedia Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] ka 2008 a supile gore bakwadi ba Wikipedia ba le lesome le boraro mo lekgolong(13%) fela e ne e le basadi. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Cohen|first=Noam|author-link=Noam Cohen|title=Define Gender Gap? Look Up Wikipedia's Contributor List|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/31/business/media/31link.html?_r=0|work=The New York Times|date=January 31, 2011|access-date=October 28, 2013}}</ref> Ka ntlha ya se, dikolo tsa dithuto tse di kgolwane go ralala United States di ne tsa leka go kgothatsa basadi go nna batsaakarolo ba Wikipedia. <ref name="CBC News-2013" /> Ka tsela e e tshwanang, bontsi jwa dikolo tse di kgolwane tse, di akaretsa Yale le Brown, di ne di akgola baithuti ba ba tlhamang kgotsa ba ba tlaleletsa lekwalo le le amanang le basadi mo go tsa maranyane kgotsa mafaratlhatlha.<ref name="CBC News-2013">{{Cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/ocad-to-storm-wikipedia-this-fall-1.1412807|title=OCAD to 'Storm Wikipedia' this fall|work=CBC News|date=August 27, 2013|access-date=August 21, 2014}}</ref> Andrew Lih, morutintshi-mogolo gape e le mankge wa maranyane, o ne a re lebaka la go bo a ne a akanya gore palo ya banna ba ba nang le seabe e feta palo ya basadi thata ke ka gore go itshupa o le mosadi go ka nna ga dira gore motho a ipeye mo kotsing ya "boitshwaro jo bo maswe, jo bo tshosang". <ref name="Bloomberg 2016">{{Cite news|date=December 22, 2016|title=Is Wikipedia Woke?|work=Bloomberg Businessweek|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2016-12-22/how-woke-is-wikipedia-s-editorial-pool?|access-date=September 21, 2022}}</ref> Dipego di supile gore MaAforika a emetswe ke dipalo tse di kwa tlase tsa bakwadi mo Wikipedia. <ref name="memeb">{{Cite web |last=Walker |first=Andy |date=June 21, 2018 |title=The startling numbers behind Africa's Wikipedia knowledge gaps |url=https://memeburn.com/2018/06/wikipedia-wikimania-africa-numbers/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230319170357/http://memeburn.com/2018/06/wikipedia-wikimania-africa-numbers/ |archive-date=March 19, 2023 |access-date=January 26, 2023 |website=memeburn}}</ref> == Dikgatiso tsa dipuo == Mo bogompienong, go na le dikgatiso tsa dipuo di le makgolo a mararo le masome a mane le bosupa ({{NUMBEROF|active|Wikipedia}}) tsa Wikipedia (tse gape di bidiwang ''diphetolelo tsa puo'', kgotsa fela ''Wikipedias'' ). Go tloga ka {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}, di-Wikipedia tse thataro tse dikgolo, ka tatelano ya palo ya dikwalo, ke tsa Sekgoa ({{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|1}}), {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|2}}, Sejeremane {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|3}}, Sefora {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|4}}, {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|5}}, le {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|6}} . <ref name="WP list of WPs by article 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=Wikipedia:List of Wikipedias |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias#All_Wikipedias_ordered_by_number_of_articles |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224190350/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias#All_Wikipedias_ordered_by_number_of_articles |archive-date=December 24, 2018 |access-date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTDAY}}, {{CURRENTYEAR}} |website=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki}}</ref> DiWikipedia tsa bobedi le ya botlhano ka botona di beilwe mo maemong ao ke bot e e tlhamang dikwalo ya Lsjbot, e ka go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2013 e neng e tlhamile dikwalo di tsamaela sephatlo mo Wikipedia ya Se-Swedish, le bontsi jwa dikwalo mo Wikipedia ya Se-Cebuano le ya Se-Waray . Dipuo tse ka bobedi ke tsa Philippines . Mo godimo ga tse thataro tse di kwa godimo, di-Wikipedia tse dingwe di le lesome le bobedi di na le dikwalo tse di fetang sedikadike nngwe le nngwe ya tsone ( Se{{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|7}}, Se{{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|8}}, Se{{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|9}}, Se{{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|10}}, {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|11}}, {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|12}}, {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|13}}, {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|14}}, {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|15}}, {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|20}} {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|16}}, {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|21}} {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|17}}, le {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|18}} ), tse dingwe di le bosupa go feta di na le dikwalo tse di fetang dikete di le makgolo a matlhano {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|22}}, {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|23}}, {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|24}}, le {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|25}} ), tse dingwe tse di masome a mane le bone ba di na le tse di fetang dikete di le lekgolo , mme di le masome a boferabobedi le bobedi di na le tse di fetang dikete di le lesome. <ref name="WP list of WPs by article 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=Wikipedia:List of Wikipedias |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias#All_Wikipedias_ordered_by_number_of_articles |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224190350/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias#All_Wikipedias_ordered_by_number_of_articles |archive-date=December 24, 2018 |access-date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTDAY}}, {{CURRENTYEAR}} |website=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki}}</ref> E e tona go gaisa, Wikipedia ya Sekgoa, e na le dikwalo di feta didikadike di le bosupa le dikete di le makgolo a mabedi (7.2 million). Go tloga go ema ka Firikgong 2021, Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e amogela masome a le mane le boferabobedi mo lekgolong (48%) ya pharakano e e kokoantsweng ya Wikipedia, mme palo e e setseng e kgaogantswe mo gareng ga dipuo tse dingwe. Dikgatiso tse di kwa godimo di le lesome di emela mo e ka nnang masome a le boferabobedi le botlhano mo lekgolong (85%) ya pharakano yotlhe. Ka Wikipedia e beilwe mo Webo ka jalo e le ya lefatshe ka bophara, batsaakarolo mo kgatisong e le nngwe ya puo ba ka nna ba dirisa diteme (tsa puo e le nngwe) tse di farologaneng kgotsa ba ka tswa ba tswa kwa mafatsheng a a farologaneng (jaaka go ntse ka kgatiso ya Sekgoa).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2026)">citation needed</span>'' &#x5D;</sup> Dipharologano tse di ka baka dikgotlhang dingwe ka ga dipharologano tsa go peleta (sekao, colour kgatlhanong ''le color'' ) <ref name="WP spelling MOS 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Spelling |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Spelling |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210104005104/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Spelling |archive-date=January 4, 2021 |access-date=November 6, 2023 |website=Wikipedia}}</ref> kgotsa matlhakore. <ref name="WP countering bias 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=Wikipedia:WikiProject Countering systemic bias |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Countering_systemic_bias |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210104005153/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Countering_systemic_bias |archive-date=January 4, 2021 |access-date=December 11, 2023 |website=Wikipedia}}</ref> Le fa dikgatiso tse di farologaneng tsa dipuo di tshegetswa ka melao ya lefatshe lotlhe jaaka " pono e e sa tseyeng letlhakore ", di farologana mo dintlheng dingwe tsa melao le tiriso, segolobogolo mo go reng a ditshwantsho tse di sa newang teseletso ka kgololesego di ka dirisiwa ka maikaelelo a tiriso e e siameng . <ref name="WP meta fair use 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=Non-free content |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Non-free_content |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230116024114/http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Non-free_content |archive-date=January 16, 2023 |access-date=January 27, 2023 |website=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki}}</ref> <ref name="IBM visual WP 1">{{Cite journal |last=Viégas |first=Fernanda B. |date=January 3, 2007 |title=The Visual Side of Wikipedia |url=https://www.research.ibm.com/visual/papers/viegas_hicss_visual_wikipedia.pdf |journal=Visual Communication Lab, IBM Research |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061024012919/https://www.research.ibm.com/visual/papers/viegas_hicss_visual_wikipedia.pdf |archive-date=October 24, 2006 |access-date=October 30, 2007}}</ref> Diteng tsa dikwalo tse di buang ka setlhogo se le sengwe di ka farologana thata magareng ga dipuo, go ikaegile ka gore bakwadi ba dirisa metswedi efe le mabaka a mangwe. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fians |first=Guilherme |date=September 16, 2025 |title=Wikipedia: Editing the narrative |url=https://www.ciol.org.uk/wikipedia-editing-narrative |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250924020710/https://www.ciol.org.uk/wikipedia-editing-narrative |archive-date=September 24, 2025 |access-date=September 27, 2025 |publisher=[[Chartered Institute of Linguists]]}}</ref> Jimmy Wales o tlhalositse Wikipedia jaaka "maiteko a go tlhama le go anamisa ensaetlolopedia ya mahala ya boleng jo bo kwa godimo jo kgonegang mo mothong mongwe le mongwe mo lefatsheng ka puo ya gagwe". Le fa kgatiso nngwe le nngwe ya puo e dira e ikemetse ilka nosi, go dirwa maiteko mangwe a go di okamela tsotlhe. Di golagantswe ka bontlhabongwe ke Meta-Wiki, le wiki ya Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia e e neetsweng go tlhokomela mananeo otlhe a yone (Wikipedia le a mangwe). <ref name="WP metawiki maintenance 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=Meta-Wiki |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130714061722/https://meta.wikimedia.org/ |archive-date=July 14, 2013 |access-date=March 24, 2009 |publisher=Wikimedia Foundation}}</ref> Sekai, Meta-Wiki e fa dipalopalo tse di botlhokwa mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa puo tsa Wikipedia, <ref name="WP meta stats 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=Meta-Wiki Statistics |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Statistics |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080326192946/http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Statistics |archive-date=March 26, 2008 |access-date=March 24, 2008 |publisher=Wikimedia Foundation}}</ref> gape e tlhokomela lenaneo la dikwalo tse Wikipedia nngwe le nngwe e tshwanetseng go nna le tsone. <ref name="WP meta articles on all sites 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=List of articles every Wikipedia should have |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_articles_every_Wikipedia_should_have |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080321020418/http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_articles_every_Wikipedia_should_have |archive-date=March 21, 2008 |access-date=March 24, 2008 |publisher=Wikimedia Foundation}}</ref> Lenaneo le le amana le diteng tsa kwa tshimologong tsa dithuto: bayokerafi, ditso, dithuto tsa dipopego tsa lefatshe, tsa setšhaba, setso, maranyane, mafaratlhatlha, le dipalo. <ref name="WP meta articles on all sites 1" group="W" /> Ga go thona gore dikwalo tse di amanang thata le puo e e rileng di se ka tsa nna le tse di tshwanang le tsone mo kgatisong e nngwe. Sekai, dikwalo tse di buang ka ditoropo tse dinnye kwa United States di ka nna tsa nna teng fela ka Sekgoa, le fa di fitlhelela ditlhokego tse di kgethegileng tsa mananeo a Wikipedia tsa dipuo tse dingwe. [[File:User_-_demography.svg|thumb|Palo kakanyetso ya botsaakarolo go tswa mo dikgaolong tse di farologaneng mo lefatsheng lotlhe ka bophara go ya kwa dikgatisong tse di farologaneng tsa Wikipedia <ref name="PLoS One 2012" />]] Dikwalo tse di ranotsweng di emela fela karolo e nnye ya dikwalo mo dikgatisong di le dintsi, ka gore dikgatiso tseo ga di letlelele gore dikwalo di ranolwe ka botlalo mo go itirisang (automated). Dikwalo tse di leng teng ka dipuo tse di fetang bongwe di ka fa "dikgokagano tsa interwiki", tse di golaganyang le dikwalo tse di tshwanang le tsone mo dikgatisong tse dingwe. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Massa |first=Paolo |last2=Scrinzi |first2=Federico |date=January 4, 2013 |title=Manypedia: Comparing language points of view of Wikipedia communities |journal=[[First Monday (journal)|First Monday]] |volume=18 |issue=1 |doi=10.5210/fm.v18i1.3939 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Manual:Interwiki |url=https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Interwiki |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101203112631/https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Interwiki |archive-date=December 3, 2010 |access-date=January 27, 2023 |website=MediaWiki |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Thuto-patlisiso e e gatisitsweng ke ''PLOS One'' ka 2012 le yone e ne ya nna le palo kakanyetso ya dikarolo tsa go nna le seabe mo dikgatisong tse di farologaneng tsa Wikipedia go tswa kwa dikgaolong tse di farologaneng tsa lefatshe. E ne ya bega gore selekanyo sa diphetogo tse di dirilweng go tswa kwa Amerika Bokone e ne e le masome a le matlhano le bongwe mo lekgolong (51%) mo Wikipedia ya Sekgoa, le masome a le mabedi le botlhano mo lekgolong (25%) mo Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e e motlhofo . <ref name="PLoS One 2012">{{Cite journal |last=Yasseri |first=Taha |last2=Sumi |first2=Robert |last3=Kertész |first3=János |author-link3=János Kertész |date=January 17, 2012 |title=Circadian Patterns of Wikipedia Editorial Activity: A Demographic Analysis |journal=[[PLOS One]] |volume=7 |issue=1 |arxiv=1109.1746 |bibcode=2012PLoSO...730091Y |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0030091 |pmc=3260192 |pmid=22272279 |doi-access=free |article-number=e30091}}</ref> === Dipalo tsa bakwadi ba Wikipedia ya Sekgoa === Ka Mopitlo a rogwa, 2014, ''The Economist'', mo lekwalong la setlhogo sa "Isago ya Wikipedia", e ne ya umaka tshekatsheko e e amanang le tshedimosetso e e gatisitsweng ke Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia e e bolelang gore "palo ya bakwadi ba mofuta wa puo ya Sekgoa e wetse tlase ka nngwetharong mo dingwageng di le bosupa." <ref name="economist1">{{Cite news|date=March 1, 2014|title=The future of Wikipedia: WikiPeaks?|newspaper=The Economist|url=https://www.economist.com/news/international/21597959-popular-online-encyclopedia-must-work-out-what-next-wikipeaks|access-date=March 11, 2014}}</ref> Seelo sa go tlhokafala ga bakwadi ba ba tlhaga mo Wikipedia ya Sekgoa se ne sa umakiwa ke ''The Economist'' jaaka se se farologaneng thata le dipalopalo tsa Wikipedia e e mo dipuong tse dingwe (Wikipedia e e seng ya Sekgoa). ''The Economist'' e ne ya bega gore palo ya ba na le seabe ba ba nang le palogare ya diphetogo di le tlhano kgotsa go feta ka kgwedi e ne e eme golo go le gongwe fa e sale ka 2008 mo Wikipedia ya dipuo tse dingwe, e le bakwadi ba ka nna dikete di masome a mane le bobedi (42 000) mo gare ga dipharologano tse e seng tsa sepe tsa dipaka tsa bakwadi ba ka nna dikete di le pedi go ya kwa godimo kgotsa kwa tlase. Palo ya bakwadi ba ba tlhaga mo Wikipedia ya Sekgoa, fa e bapisiwa mo go tsepameng, e ne ya umakiwa e le kwa setlhoeng ka 2007 e tsamaela dikete di le masome a matlhano (50,000) mme ya wela kwa tlase go nna dikete di le masome a mararo (30,000) kwa tshimologong ya 2014. <ref name="economist1" /> Go farologana le seo, tshekatsheko ya Wikipedia ka dipuo tse dingwe (Wikipedia e e seng ya Sekgoa) e supa katlego mo go tshwareng bakwadi ba ba tlhaga ka tsela e e kgonang go ntšhwafadiwa le e e tswelelang, ka dipalo tsa bone di nna di sa fetoge di nna fela fa diketeng di le masome mane le bobedi. Ga gona kakgelo epe e e dirilweng mabapi le maemo a a farologaneng a melao ya bokwadi mo Wikipedia ka dipuo tse dingwe (Wikipedia e e seng ya Sekgoa) e ka ntshang tsela e nngwe e e kgonegang mo Wikipedia ya Sekgoa go tokafatsa sentle dielo tsa go tlhokafala ga bakwadi mo Wikipedia ya puo ya Sekgoa. <ref name="economist1">{{Cite news|date=March 1, 2014|title=The future of Wikipedia: WikiPeaks?|newspaper=The Economist|url=https://www.economist.com/news/international/21597959-popular-online-encyclopedia-must-work-out-what-next-wikipeaks|access-date=March 11, 2014}}</ref> 5hy657hq6glozp0i3x9tudlj4nwq4x9 Dipalamo tsa lefatshe la Botswana 0 2972 52532 50958 2026-07-15T13:19:00Z JudithShe 9421 Ke baakantse le go tsenya metswedi mo tsebeng ya Dipalamo tsa lefatshe la Botswana #Wikipedia25BW 52532 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Featured article}} [[File:Botswana map.png|thumb|right|200px|Map of Botswana]] '''Dipalamo mo Botswana''' di diriwa ke mafaratlhatlha a diporo, ditsela, dikepe le ditsela tsa difofane tse di kgabaganyang lefatshe leo.<ref>Mupimpila, C (2010-09-30). [https://www.ajol.info/index.php/boje/article/view/60307 "Internalising the Externalities of Public Transport in Botswana".] ''Botswana Journal of Economics''. '''5''' (7). doi:[https://www.ajol.info/index.php/boje/article/view/60307 10.4314/boje.v5i7.60307]. ISSN&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:1810-0163 1810-0163.]</ref> Mohama wa dipalamo mo [[Botswana]] o nnile le seabe se segolo mo kgolong ya itsholelo morago ga boipuso jwa lefatshe le ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro. Lefatshe le ne la lemoga bo leng teng jwa ditswammung mo go neng ga letla gore go nne le ditlhabololo tsa kago, melao e ne ya letla gore mohama wa dipalamo o gole ka lobelo lo lo lekanenetseng matlhoko a ditirelo tseo.<ref>[https://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1990/1274/1274-023.pdf "Transportation and Economic Development in Botswana: A Case Study"] (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09.</ref> ==Diporo== Lefatshe la Botswana le nna le diporo tsa boleele jwa dikhilometara di le makgolo a ferabobedi,masome a ferabobedi le boferabobedi go ya ka dipalo tsa ngwaga wa 2002,mme e bile di tsamaela ditoropong di le mmalwa gape di kopanya lefatshe leno le a a mabapi. === Diporo tse di yang mafatsheng a a mabapi === Lefatshe la Botswana le nna le diporo tse tshwaraneng le tsa mafatshe a Zimbabwe le Aforika-Borwa. Le ntswa go nne go solofetswe go bulwa ga seporo sa motlakase ka ngwaga wa 2006,se se yang Lüderitz kwa lefatsheng la Namibia go isa magala,ga gona seporo se tlhamalalelang kwa lefatsheng la Namibia mme go nna le se se fetang ka lefatshe la Aforika-Borwa. Go nne ga nna le kgang ya go bula seporo se se ntšha fa gare ga lefatshe la Botswana le la Zambia,se feta ka lefatshe la Zimbabwe ka rre Andrew Lunga yo e leng mookamedi wa kompone ya Botswana Railways. Seporo se ne se solofatswe go feta kwa borwabophirimsa go tswa Livingstone,se feta ka Zambesi,se bo se tswelelela kwa marakanelong a a ntseng a le teng a Mosetse. Mme e ne yare morago ga kgang e ya ga rre Lunga,kompone ya la latlhegelwa ke diterena ka bokete jo bo kwa godimo bo bo nne jwa latelelwa ke go bulwa ga seporo sa Beitbridge-Bulawayo se se ileng sa dira gore dipalo tsa bapalame le dithoto go fokotsege go tswa ko sedikeng le sekete ka ngwaga go ya go dikete di le lekgolo le masome matlhano ka ngwaga. Seemo sa itsholelo ya lefatshe la Zimbabwe ga gakatsa seemo ka go ile ga fokotsa go tsamaya ga diterena ka phuthologo. Seropo se rre Lunga a nneng a kaile se ile sa nna sone se kopanyang mafatshe a Aforika-Borwa, Zambia and le la Democratic Republic of Congo. === Ditoropo tse di nnang le diterena tse di yang kwa go tsone === Mesepele yotlhe ya diterena tsa batho e ile ya emiswa mo lefatsheng la Botswana,mme ga sala se di yang mafatsheng a sele tse di kopang le sa lefatshe la Zimbabwe go tswa Francistown,se e leng sone se se mo tirisong fela. Diterena tsa dithoto di santse di le mo tirisong tsone. Tse di latelang ke mafelo a a kileng a bo a na le diterena tsa batho go fitlhelela ka ngwaga wa 2009,kgwedi ya Motsheganong. * Ramatlhabama, [[Aferika Borwa|South Africa]] yo e leng molelwane wa lefatshe la Botswana le la Aforika-borwa * [[Lobatse|Lobatse]] * [[Gaborone|Gaborone]] - motse-mogolo wa lefatshe leno * [[Palapye|Palapye]] - makaranelo a diporo tse di rorang magala * Serule -marakanelo a diporo * [[Francistown|Francistown]] * Ramokgwebana - yo o kopanetseng molelwane le lefatshe la zimbabwe * [[Palapye|Palapye]] - marakanelo a diporo * Morupule - maemelo a diterena * Serule - marakanelo a diporo * Selibe Phikwe -maemelo a diterena * [[Francistown|Francistown]] -marakanelo a diporo * Sowa - maemelo a diterena ==Ditsela== Lefatshe la Botswana le nna le ditsela di le dikete di le lesome,makgola a mabedi le lesome le bosupa,mme ebile mo go tsone di le dikete tse matlhano,makgolo a marataro le masome mabedi di tshetswe sekontere. E sale go tloga ka dikabelelo tsa ngwaga wa 1996,go na le phokotsego mo dipalong tsa ditsela tse di sa tshelwang sekontere.Go tlhoga ka ngwaga wa 1996 go fitlha ka 1999 dipalo tsa ditsela tse di sa tshelwang sekontere di ile tsa fokotsega go tswa kwa dikhilometareng tse dikete tse lesome le bone,lekgolo le masome mararo le boferabongwe go ya go dikete tse nne,makgolo a matlhano le masome a ferabongwe le bosupa. ==Maemelo a difofane== Go nne go nna le kabelelo ya gore go nna le maemelo a difofane a le masome a ferabobedi le boferabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme di le lesome di tshetswe sekontere,se e ne le ka ngwaga wa 2005. Kompone ya Air Botswana e e leng ya goromente ke yone e okametseng difofane tse di yang Francistown, Gaborone, Maun le Selebi-Phikwe. Go nna le difofane tse di yang ditoropong tsa mafatsheng a sele jaaka Johannesburg kwa Aforika-Borwa; Mbabane kwa Swaziland; le Harare kwa Zimbabwe. Go nna le maemelo a mantšha gaufi le toropo ya Gaborone e e butsweng ka ngwaga wa 1984. Dipalo tsa bapalami ba difofane ba ba neng ba tsena ba bo ba tswa mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne le dikete di le lekgolo le masome a ferabobedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2003. == Dikgoge tsa kwa ntle == * [http://www.un.org/Depts/Cartographic/map/profile/botswana.pdf UN Map of Botswana] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130129090530/http://www.airbotswana.co.uk/ Air Botswana UK - The national airline of Botswana] == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Transport In Botswana}} [[Category:Transport in Botswana]] [[Category:Botswana]] to0igmesi5goutrybvjttaehfdskhyb 52533 52532 2026-07-15T13:51:06Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ntshafaditse thanolo ya tsebe ya Dipalamo tsa lefatshe la Botswana #Wikipedia25BW 52533 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Featured article}} [[File:Botswana map.png|thumb|right|200px|Map of Botswana]] '''Dipalamo mo Botswana''' di diriwa ke mafaratlhatlha a diporo, ditsela, dikepe le ditsela tsa difofane tse di kgabaganyang lefatshe leo.<ref>Mupimpila, C (2010-09-30). [https://www.ajol.info/index.php/boje/article/view/60307 "Internalising the Externalities of Public Transport in Botswana".] ''Botswana Journal of Economics''. '''5''' (7). doi:[https://www.ajol.info/index.php/boje/article/view/60307 10.4314/boje.v5i7.60307]. ISSN&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:1810-0163 1810-0163.]</ref> Mohama wa dipalamo mo [[Botswana]] o nnile le seabe se segolo mo kgolong ya itsholelo morago ga boipuso jwa lefatshe le ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro. Lefatshe le ne la lemoga bo leng teng jwa ditswammung mo go neng ga letla gore go nne le ditlhabololo tsa kago, melao e ne ya letla gore mohama wa dipalamo o gole ka lobelo lo lo lekanenetseng matlhoko a ditirelo tseo.<ref>[https://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1990/1274/1274-023.pdf "Transportation and Economic Development in Botswana: A Case Study"] (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09.</ref> ==Diporo== Ditirelo tsa diporo di diriwa ke kompone ya [[Botswana Railways]], ditsela ka bontsi di tswa mo Gaborone. Lefatshe la Botswana le nna le diporo tsa boleele jwa dikhilometara di le makgolo a ferabobedi,masome a ferabobedi le boferabobedi go ya ka dipalo tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bobedi, ke one mafaratlhatlha a masome a robabongwe le boraro ka boleele mo lefatsheng ka bophara, gape e le nngwe ya diporo tse di nang le motsamao o montsi mo [[Aferika|Aforika]]. Lefatshe la Botswana ke leloko la bokopano jwa diporo jwa mafatshefatshe (IUC). === Diterena tsa kgaolo (BR Express) === Botswana Railways e na le diterena tse pedi tsa bosigo tsa bapagami, e nngwe e tswa Lobatse go ya Francistown, e nngwe e tswa Francistown go ya [[Lobatse]], e ema kwa [[Gaborone]], [[Mahalapye]], [[Palapye]] le [[Serule]]. Terena ya bapagami e bidiwa BR Express (Botswana Railways). Ditirelo tsa bapagami di ne tsa emisiwa ka nakwana go tswa ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe go tsena dikete pedi, lesome le borataro, kwa ntle ga e e yang kwa [[Zimbabwe]] go tswa [[Francistown]]. === Diterena tsa toropo tsa bapagami === Mo Botswana, (Botswana Railways) "BR Express" e na le terena ya bapagami fa gare ga Lobatse le Gaborone. Terena e tswa kwa Lobatse ka nako ya botlhano e fetilwe ke metsotso e le masome a mararo, e goroge kwa Gaborone ka nako ya borataro e fetilwe ke metsotso e le masome a mane le borobabongwe. Terena e, e boela kwa lobatse mo maitseboeng, e tswa mo Gaborone ka nako ya borataro. Nako ya go goroga kwa Lobatse ke nako ya bosupa e fetilwe ke metsotso e le masome mararo le bone. Terena e ema kwa [[Otse]], [[Ramotswa]] le Commerce Park. === Lephata la BR Express la boroko le dijo === Go tswa kwa tshimologong, BR e ne ya tsaya tshwetso ya go simolola dikoloi tsa boroko, ka jalo e nna le lefelo le legolwane gape le le botoka. Go nna le dikoloi tsa bone go dirile gore ba kgna go nna le taolo ya ditirelo le letseno. Fa dijo di neelwa bapagami, madi a dipoelo a ne a sa nne a dijo. Ba ba neng ba kgona go tsamaya maeto a maleele ba ne ba solofela ditirelo tse di botoka, ka jalo maiphitlhelo a a mantle a ne a ka ngokeka ba bangwe mo Botswana le mo ditereneng tsa BR. === Diporo tse di yang mafatsheng a a mabapi === Lefatshe la Botswana le nna le diporo tse tshwaraneng le tsa mafatshe a Zimbabwe le Aforika-Borwa. Le ntswa go nne go solofetswe go bulwa ga seporo sa motlakase ka ngwaga wa 2006,se se yang Lüderitz kwa lefatsheng la Namibia go isa magala,ga gona seporo se tlhamalalelang kwa lefatsheng la Namibia mme go nna le se se fetang ka lefatshe la Aforika-Borwa. Go nne ga nna le kgang ya go bula seporo se se ntšha fa gare ga lefatshe la Botswana le la Zambia,se feta ka lefatshe la Zimbabwe ka rre Andrew Lunga yo e leng mookamedi wa kompone ya Botswana Railways. Seporo se ne se solofatswe go feta kwa borwabophirimsa go tswa Livingstone,se feta ka Zambesi,se bo se tswelelela kwa marakanelong a a ntseng a le teng a Mosetse. Mme e ne yare morago ga kgang e ya ga rre Lunga,kompone ya la latlhegelwa ke diterena ka bokete jo bo kwa godimo bo bo nne jwa latelelwa ke go bulwa ga seporo sa Beitbridge-Bulawayo se se ileng sa dira gore dipalo tsa bapalame le dithoto go fokotsege go tswa ko sedikeng le sekete ka ngwaga go ya go dikete di le lekgolo le masome matlhano ka ngwaga. Seemo sa itsholelo ya lefatshe la Zimbabwe ga gakatsa seemo ka go ile ga fokotsa go tsamaya ga diterena ka phuthologo. Seropo se rre Lunga a nneng a kaile se ile sa nna sone se kopanyang mafatshe a Aforika-Borwa, Zambia and le la Democratic Republic of Congo. === Ditoropo tse di nnang le diterena tse di yang kwa go tsone === Mesepele yotlhe ya diterena tsa batho e ile ya emiswa mo lefatsheng la Botswana,mme ga sala se di yang mafatsheng a sele tse di kopang le sa lefatshe la Zimbabwe go tswa Francistown,se e leng sone se se mo tirisong fela. Diterena tsa dithoto di santse di le mo tirisong tsone. Tse di latelang ke mafelo a a kileng a bo a na le diterena tsa batho go fitlhelela ka ngwaga wa 2009,kgwedi ya Motsheganong. * Ramatlhabama, [[Aferika Borwa|South Africa]] yo e leng molelwane wa lefatshe la Botswana le la Aforika-borwa * [[Lobatse|Lobatse]] * [[Gaborone|Gaborone]] - motse-mogolo wa lefatshe leno * [[Palapye|Palapye]] - makaranelo a diporo tse di rorang magala * Serule -marakanelo a diporo * [[Francistown|Francistown]] * Ramokgwebana - yo o kopanetseng molelwane le lefatshe la zimbabwe * [[Palapye|Palapye]] - marakanelo a diporo * Morupule - maemelo a diterena * Serule - marakanelo a diporo * Selibe Phikwe -maemelo a diterena * [[Francistown|Francistown]] -marakanelo a diporo * Sowa - maemelo a diterena ==Ditsela== Lefatshe la Botswana le nna le ditsela di le dikete di le lesome,makgola a mabedi le lesome le bosupa,mme ebile mo go tsone di le dikete tse matlhano,makgolo a marataro le masome mabedi di tshetswe sekontere. E sale go tloga ka dikabelelo tsa ngwaga wa 1996,go na le phokotsego mo dipalong tsa ditsela tse di sa tshelwang sekontere.Go tlhoga ka ngwaga wa 1996 go fitlha ka 1999 dipalo tsa ditsela tse di sa tshelwang sekontere di ile tsa fokotsega go tswa kwa dikhilometareng tse dikete tse lesome le bone,lekgolo le masome mararo le boferabongwe go ya go dikete tse nne,makgolo a matlhano le masome a ferabongwe le bosupa. ==Maemelo a difofane== Go nne go nna le kabelelo ya gore go nna le maemelo a difofane a le masome a ferabobedi le boferabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme di le lesome di tshetswe sekontere,se e ne le ka ngwaga wa 2005. Kompone ya Air Botswana e e leng ya goromente ke yone e okametseng difofane tse di yang Francistown, Gaborone, Maun le Selebi-Phikwe. Go nna le difofane tse di yang ditoropong tsa mafatsheng a sele jaaka Johannesburg kwa Aforika-Borwa; Mbabane kwa Swaziland; le Harare kwa Zimbabwe. Go nna le maemelo a mantšha gaufi le toropo ya Gaborone e e butsweng ka ngwaga wa 1984. Dipalo tsa bapalami ba difofane ba ba neng ba tsena ba bo ba tswa mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne le dikete di le lekgolo le masome a ferabobedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2003. == Dikgoge tsa kwa ntle == * [http://www.un.org/Depts/Cartographic/map/profile/botswana.pdf UN Map of Botswana] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130129090530/http://www.airbotswana.co.uk/ Air Botswana UK - The national airline of Botswana] == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Transport In Botswana}} [[Category:Transport in Botswana]] [[Category:Botswana]] giqqkw6wgdf7z0cchiwxxf5hzxumjdt Ngwao ya Botswana 0 3629 52583 52489 2026-07-16T11:04:03Z Lame Ralosetlha 12932 52583 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Botswana_traditional_baskets.jpg|thumb|Ditlatlana ]] [[Setshwantsho:Traditional_House_at_the_national_museum_Botswana.jpg|thumb|Ntlo ya Setswana kwa motlobong wa ditso tsa Setswana]] [[Setshwantsho:Magadi_in_Kang.jpg|thumb|Magadi (lenyalo la setso)]] Kwa ntle ga go supa teme ya ditlhopha tsa batho tse di remeletseng mo [[Botswana]], ''[[Setswana]]'' ke letlhaodi le le dirisiwang go tlhalosa khumo ya ditso tsa ngwao ya Batswana - le fa e ka tswa e le maloko a merafe [[Setswana|ya Setswana]] kgotsa ya baagi fela botlhe ba lefatshe la Botswana. batswana ba dumela ngwaong e nonofileng ya Botho-Ubuntu, <nowiki>''</nowiki>Batho ga ba ikemela ka bonosi, ba tshela ka go ipelega, mme ele karolo ya sechaba, ba tshela mmogo ebile ba belegana.<ref>Turaki, Y.: 2006, Foundations of African Traditional Religion and Worldview (Word Alive Publishers, Nairobi).</ref> Batswana ba dumela mo go dirisaneng mmogo le go bopagana mmogo. Leina Batswana le dirisiwa go kaya batho ba lefatshe la Botswana le morafe wa batho ba ba dirang ngwao e tshwanang le go bua puo e tshwanang mo lefatsheng le le mabapi la Aforika Borwa. Botswana ke legae la merafe e e farologaneng, go akaretsa Batswana (jaaka Barolong, Bakwena, Bangwato, Batlokwa, Bakgatla, Baphuthing, Bataung, Bangwaketse, Batawana, Bahurutshe, Balete); BaKalanga (BaLilima, Baperi, BaWumbe, BaNambya); Ovaherero (Baherero, Ovambanderu); Wayei, Bambukushu; Veekuhane (Basubiya in Setswana); Ditlhopha tsa Khoe le San; le Batswapong le Batshweneng.<ref>[https://www.botswanaembassy.or.jp/tourist.php?La=E&Show=2 "Culture & History | Embassy of Botswana, Japan"]. ''www.botswanaembassy.or.jp''. Retrieved 2021-05-23.</ref> Nngwe le nngwe ya ditlhopha tse di na le ka fa di tsamaisang ngwao tsa tsone ka teng,le fa go ntse jalo,ka ntlha ya go nna mmogo le go nyalana dingwaga di feta lekgolo, di simolotse go tshwana,O ka kgona go bona se mo tseleng e dipuo le ditso di fetogang ka yone. Dipuo di ka farologana thata go ikaegile ka kgaolo kgotsa puo ya letso, fela tsotlhe di tsewa e le dipuo tsa Botswana. Bangwe ba Batswana le bone ba nna kwa Porofenseng ya Bokone-Bophirima jwa Aforika Borwa, gammogo le mo Botswana. == Metswedi == == Dipadi == === Alexander McCall Smith === Botswana ke lefelo la ditiragalo la motseletsele wa dipadi tsa masaitseweng ebile di tumile tse bidiwang [[:en:The_No._1_Ladies'_Detective_Agency|'The No.1 Ladies' Detective Agency]] tse di kwadilweng ke [[Alexander McCall Smith]] (yo o tshotsweng ka ngwaga wa 1948). Moanelwamogolo e bong, Precious Ramotswe, o nna kwa [[Gaborone]] . Padi ya ntlha mo motseletseleng o wa [[:en:The_No._1_Ladies'_Detective_Agency|The No.1 Ladies' Detective Agency]], e ne ya tlhagelela ka ngwaga wa 1998 kwa ga Mmamosadinyana (le ka ngwaga wa 2001 kwa Amerika). Dibuka tse di mowa-o-ko-tlase tse, di ratiwa ka ntlha ya thuto ya tsone ka matshelo a batho le go supa setso sa beng gae. Go ne ga tlhamiwa motseletsele wa motshameko wa setshwantsho sa motshikhinyego [[:en:BBC_Television|ke komponi ya BBC]] o o [[The No. 1 Ladies' Detective Agency (TV series)|nang le leina le le tshwanang]], mme motseletsele o, o ne wa tlhagelela ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e le masome a le mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2008 kwa ga [[:en:United_Kingdom|Mmamosadinyana]], mme motseletsele otlhe o ne wa simolola ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>Dowell, Ben (2008). "BBC will screen Minghella's final drama". The Guardian. Pilot aired 23 March 2008; series premiered 15 March 2009.</ref></ref> == Dipadi == === Alexander McCall Smith === Botswana ke lefelo la ditiragalo la motseletsele wa dipadi tsa masaitseweng ebile di tumile tse bidiwang [[:en:The_No._1_Ladies'_Detective_Agency|'The No.1 Ladies' Detective Agency]] tse di kwadilweng ke [[Alexander McCall Smith]] (yo o tshotsweng ka ngwaga wa 1948). Moanelwamogolo e bong, Precious Ramotswe, o nna kwa [[Gaborone]] . Padi ya ntlha mo motseletseleng o wa [[:en:The_No._1_Ladies'_Detective_Agency|The No.1 Ladies' Detective Agency]], e ne ya tlhagelela ka ngwaga wa 1998 kwa ga Mmamosadinyana (le ka ngwaga wa 2001 kwa Amerika). Dibuka tse di mowa-o-ko-tlase tse, di ratiwa ka ntlha ya thuto ya tsone ka matshelo a batho le go supa setso sa beng gae. Go ne ga tlhamiwa motseletsele wa motshameko wa setshwantsho sa motshikhinyego [[:en:BBC_Television|ke komponi ya BBC]] o o [[The No. 1 Ladies' Detective Agency (TV series)|nang le leina le le tshwanang]], mme motseletsele o, o ne wa tlhagelela ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e le masome a le mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2008 kwa ga [[:en:United_Kingdom|Mmamosadinyana]], mme motseletsele otlhe o ne wa simolola ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>Dowell, Ben (2008). "BBC will screen Minghella's final drama". The Guardian. Pilot aired 23 March 2008; series premiered 15 March 2009.</ref> === Norman Rush === Norman Rush, yo e neng ele mokaedi wa mokgatlho wa [[:en:Peace_Corps|Peace Corps]] mo Botswana go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1978 go fitlhelela ka ngwaga wa 1983, o ne a dirisa Botswana ele lefelo la ditiragalo mo dibukeng tsotlhe tsa gagwe tse di gatisitsweng, tse ka kakaretso di itebagantseng le baagi ba batswakwa. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mugoti |first=Godfrey |date=2009 |title=Africa (a-z). |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Plvuddy_4NYC&q=Norman+Rush,+who+served+as+a+Peace+Corps+director+in+Botswana+from+1978+to+1983,+uses+the+country+as+the+setting+of+all+of+his+published+books,+which+gener&pg=PA71 |publisher=Lulu.com |isbn=978-1-4357-2890-5 |language=en}}</ref> == Dipadi == === Unity Dow === [[Unity Dow]] (yo o tshotsweng ka ngwaga wa 1959) ke moatlhodi, molwela ditshwanelo tsa batho, e bile ke mokwadi go kwa lefatsheng la Botswana. O goletse kwa magaeng mme o godisitswe ka mekgwa ya setso sa Aferika. Mme wa gagwe o ne a sa kgone go bala Sekgoa, mme gantsi go tsaya ditshwetso e ne e le tiro ya borre. O ne a tswelela go nna mmueledi mme bontsi jwa dithutego tsa ga gagwe o ne a di diretse kwa moseja. Dithutego tse tsa gagwe, di ne tsa baka gore batho ba mo tlotle fa ba bangwe ba ne ba nna le dipelaelo.<ref><ref>Unity Dow (born 1959) grew up in a traditional rural village; her mother could read and write Setswana but not English, and she later studied law partly in Scotland, reflecting Western education. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unity_Dow</ref><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2024)">go tlhokega nopolo</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> === Unity Dow === [[Unity Dow]] (yo o tshotsweng ka ngwaga wa 1959) ke moatlhodi, molwela ditshwanelo tsa batho, e bile ke mokwadi go kwa lefatsheng la Botswana. O goletse kwa magaeng mme o godisitswe ka mekgwa ya setso sa Aferika. Mme wa gagwe o ne a sa kgone go bala Sekgoa, mme gantsi go tsaya ditshwetso e ne e le tiro ya borre. O ne a tswelela go nna mmueledi mme bontsi jwa dithutego tsa ga gagwe o ne a di diretse kwa moseja. Dithutego tse tsa gagwe, di ne tsa baka gore batho ba mo tlotle fa ba bangwe ba ne ba nna le dipelaelo.<ref><ref>Unity Dow (born 1959) grew up in a traditional rural village; her mother could read and write Setswana but not English, and she later studied law partly in Scotland, reflecting Western education. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unity_Dow</ref> Jaaka mmueledi, o ne a akgolwa thata ka ntlha ya boemo jwa gagwe mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi. E ne e le mongongoregi mo tshekong e e neng e letlelela gore bana ba basadi ba ba ba tshodisitsweng ke batswaka ba lemogiwe fa [[Batho ba letso la Setswana|e le Batswana]] . Ngwao le molao wa pele ga o ne o supa fa ngwana a ka nna Motswana fela fa ntate wa gagwe e le Motswana. Moragonyana o ne a nna mosadi wa ntlha go nna moatlhodi wa kgotla-tshekelo-kgolo mo Botswana.<ref><ref>Dow, Unity. “Attorney General of Botswana v. Unity Dow (1992)”. Botswana Court of Appeal; she challenged laws denying citizenship through mothers, leading to recognition of women’s rights in nationality law; later became Botswana’s first female High Court judge. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unity_Dow</ref> == Dipadi == === Unity Dow === [[Unity Dow]] (yo o tshotsweng ka ngwaga wa 1959) ke moatlhodi, molwela ditshwanelo tsa batho, e bile ke mokwadi go kwa lefatsheng la Botswana. O goletse kwa magaeng mme o godisitswe ka mekgwa ya setso sa Aferika. Mme wa gagwe o ne a sa kgone go bala Sekgoa, mme gantsi go tsaya ditshwetso e ne e le tiro ya borre. O ne a tswelela go nna mmueledi mme bontsi jwa dithutego tsa ga gagwe o ne a di diretse kwa moseja. Dithutego tse tsa gagwe, di ne tsa baka gore batho ba mo tlotle fa ba bangwe ba ne ba nna le dipelaelo.<ref><ref>Unity Dow (born 1959) grew up in a traditional rural village; her mother could read and write Setswana but not English, and she later studied law partly in Scotland, reflecting Western education. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unity_Dow</ref> Jaaka mmueledi, o ne a akgolwa thata ka ntlha ya boemo jwa gagwe mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi. E ne e le mongongoregi mo tshekong e e neng e letlelela gore bana ba basadi ba ba ba tshodisitsweng ke batswaka ba lemogiwe fa [[Batho ba letso la Setswana|e le Batswana]] . Ngwao le molao wa pele ga o ne o supa fa ngwana a ka nna Motswana fela fa ntate wa gagwe e le Motswana. Moragonyana o ne a nna mosadi wa ntlha go nna moatlhodi wa kgotla-tshekelo-kgolo mo Botswana.<ref><ref>Dow, Unity. “Attorney General of Botswana v. Unity Dow (1992)”. Botswana Court of Appeal; she challenged laws denying citizenship through mothers, leading to recognition of women’s rights in nationality law; later became Botswana’s first female High Court judge. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unity_Dow</ref> Jaaka mokwadi, o gatisitse dibuka di le tharo. Gantsi setlhogo sa dibuka tse ke dikgang tse di amanang le kgogakgogana fa gare ga mekgwa ya botshelo ya kwa moseja le ya setso. Fa godimo ga moo, di akaretsa kgatlhego ya gagwe mo dikgannyeng tsa bong le lehuma la setšhaba sa Botswana.<ref><ref>“Unity Dow”. Wikipedia. She has published multiple novels that address tensions between Western and traditional values, as well as gender issues and social challenges in Botswana. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unity_Dow</ref> === Bessie Head === == Dipadi == === Unity Dow === [[Unity Dow]] (yo o tshotsweng ka ngwaga wa 1959) ke moatlhodi, molwela ditshwanelo tsa batho, e bile ke mokwadi go kwa lefatsheng la Botswana. O goletse kwa magaeng mme o godisitswe ka mekgwa ya setso sa Aferika. Mme wa gagwe o ne a sa kgone go bala Sekgoa, mme gantsi go tsaya ditshwetso e ne e le tiro ya borre. O ne a tswelela go nna mmueledi mme bontsi jwa dithutego tsa ga gagwe o ne a di diretse kwa moseja. Dithutego tse tsa gagwe, di ne tsa baka gore batho ba mo tlotle fa ba bangwe ba ne ba nna le dipelaelo.<ref><ref>Unity Dow (born 1959) grew up in a traditional rural village; her mother could read and write Setswana but not English, and she later studied law partly in Scotland, reflecting Western education. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unity_Dow</ref> Jaaka mmueledi, o ne a akgolwa thata ka ntlha ya boemo jwa gagwe mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi. E ne e le mongongoregi mo tshekong e e neng e letlelela gore bana ba basadi ba ba ba tshodisitsweng ke batswaka ba lemogiwe fa [[Batho ba letso la Setswana|e le Batswana]] . Ngwao le molao wa pele ga o ne o supa fa ngwana a ka nna Motswana fela fa ntate wa gagwe e le Motswana. Moragonyana o ne a nna mosadi wa ntlha go nna moatlhodi wa kgotla-tshekelo-kgolo mo Botswana.<ref><ref>Dow, Unity. “Attorney General of Botswana v. Unity Dow (1992)”. Botswana Court of Appeal; she challenged laws denying citizenship through mothers, leading to recognition of women’s rights in nationality law; later became Botswana’s first female High Court judge. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unity_Dow</ref></ref> Jaaka mokwadi, o gatisitse dibuka di le tharo. Gantsi setlhogo sa dibuka tse ke dikgang tse di amanang le kgogakgogana fa gare ga mekgwa ya botshelo ya kwa moseja le ya setso. Fa godimo ga moo, di akaretsa kgatlhego ya gagwe mo dikgannyeng tsa bong le lehuma la setšhaba sa Botswana.<ref><ref>“Unity Dow”. Wikipedia. She has published multiple novels that address tensions between Western and traditional values, as well as gender issues and social challenges in Botswana. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unity_Dow</ref></ref> === Bessie Head === == Dipadi == === Unity Dow === [[Unity Dow]] (yo o tshotsweng ka ngwaga wa 1959) ke moatlhodi, molwela ditshwanelo tsa batho, e bile ke mokwadi go kwa lefatsheng la Botswana. O goletse kwa magaeng mme o godisitswe ka mekgwa ya setso sa Aferika. Mme wa gagwe o ne a sa kgone go bala Sekgoa, mme gantsi go tsaya ditshwetso e ne e le tiro ya borre. O ne a tswelela go nna mmueledi mme bontsi jwa dithutego tsa ga gagwe o ne a di diretse kwa moseja. Dithutego tse tsa gagwe, di ne tsa baka gore batho ba mo tlotle fa ba bangwe ba ne ba nna le dipelaelo.<ref><ref>Unity Dow (born 1959) grew up in a traditional rural village; her mother could read and write Setswana but not English, and she later studied law partly in Scotland, reflecting Western education. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unity_Dow</ref></ref> Jaaka mmueledi, o ne a akgolwa thata ka ntlha ya boemo jwa gagwe mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi. E ne e le mongongoregi mo tshekong e e neng e letlelela gore bana ba basadi ba ba ba tshodisitsweng ke batswaka ba lemogiwe fa [[Batho ba letso la Setswana|e le Batswana]] . Ngwao le molao wa pele ga o ne o supa fa ngwana a ka nna Motswana fela fa ntate wa gagwe e le Motswana. Moragonyana o ne a nna mosadi wa ntlha go nna moatlhodi wa kgotla-tshekelo-kgolo mo Botswana.<ref><ref>Dow, Unity. “Attorney General of Botswana v. Unity Dow (1992)”. Botswana Court of Appeal; she challenged laws denying citizenship through mothers, leading to recognition of women’s rights in nationality law; later became Botswana’s first female High Court judge. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unity_Dow</ref></ref> Jaaka mokwadi, o gatisitse dibuka di le tharo. Gantsi setlhogo sa dibuka tse ke dikgang tse di amanang le kgogakgogana fa gare ga mekgwa ya botshelo ya kwa moseja le ya setso. Fa godimo ga moo, di akaretsa kgatlhego ya gagwe mo dikgannyeng tsa bong le lehuma la setšhaba sa Botswana.<ref><ref>“Unity Dow”. Wikipedia. She has published multiple novels that address tensions between Western and traditional values, as well as gender issues and social challenges in Botswana. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unity_Dow</ref></ref> === Bessie Head === [[Bessie Head]] ( yo o tshotsweng ka ngwaga wa1937 mme a tshela go fitlhelela ngwaga wa 1986) ke mokwadi yo o itsegeng thata mo Borwa jwa Aferika. Ka 1964, o ne a tshabela puso ya tlhaolele kwa Aferika Borwa kwa Botswana mme a feta a kwala dibuka ka lefatshe la Botswana. O ne a nna koo go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1964 (fa e ne e santse e le [[Bechuanaland]]) go fitlhelela a tlhokafala a le dingwaga di le masome a mane le boferabongwe ka ngwaga wa 1986. O ne a nna kwa motseng wa [[Serowe]], mme dibuka tsa gagwe tse di tumileng thata go akaretsa ''[[When Rain Clouds Gather|Fa Maru a Pula a Kopana]]'', ''[[Maru (padi)|Maru]]'', le ''Potso ya Maatla'' di beilwe koo.<ref><ref>Encyclopaedia Britannica. "Bessie Head." https://www.britannica.com/biography/Bessie-Head</ref></ref> === Susan Williams === == Dipadi == === Unity Dow === [[Unity Dow]] (yo o tshotsweng ka ngwaga wa 1959) ke moatlhodi, molwela ditshwanelo tsa batho, e bile ke mokwadi go kwa lefatsheng la Botswana. O goletse kwa magaeng mme o godisitswe ka mekgwa ya setso sa Aferika. Mme wa gagwe o ne a sa kgone go bala Sekgoa, mme gantsi go tsaya ditshwetso e ne e le tiro ya borre. O ne a tswelela go nna mmueledi mme bontsi jwa dithutego tsa ga gagwe o ne a di diretse kwa moseja. Dithutego tse tsa gagwe, di ne tsa baka gore batho ba mo tlotle fa ba bangwe ba ne ba nna le dipelaelo.<ref><ref>Unity Dow (born 1959) grew up in a traditional rural village; her mother could read and write Setswana but not English, and she later studied law partly in Scotland, reflecting Western education. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unity_Dow</ref></ref> Jaaka mmueledi, o ne a akgolwa thata ka ntlha ya boemo jwa gagwe mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi. E ne e le mongongoregi mo tshekong e e neng e letlelela gore bana ba basadi ba ba ba tshodisitsweng ke batswaka ba lemogiwe fa [[Batho ba letso la Setswana|e le Batswana]] . Ngwao le molao wa pele ga o ne o supa fa ngwana a ka nna Motswana fela fa ntate wa gagwe e le Motswana. Moragonyana o ne a nna mosadi wa ntlha go nna moatlhodi wa kgotla-tshekelo-kgolo mo Botswana.<ref><ref>Dow, Unity. “Attorney General of Botswana v. Unity Dow (1992)”. Botswana Court of Appeal; she challenged laws denying citizenship through mothers, leading to recognition of women’s rights in nationality law; later became Botswana’s first female High Court judge. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unity_Dow</ref></ref> Jaaka mokwadi, o gatisitse dibuka di le tharo. Gantsi setlhogo sa dibuka tse ke dikgang tse di amanang le kgogakgogana fa gare ga mekgwa ya botshelo ya kwa moseja le ya setso. Fa godimo ga moo, di akaretsa kgatlhego ya gagwe mo dikgannyeng tsa bong le lehuma la setšhaba sa Botswana.<ref><ref>“Unity Dow”. Wikipedia. She has published multiple novels that address tensions between Western and traditional values, as well as gender issues and social challenges in Botswana. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unity_Dow</ref></ref> === Bessie Head === [[Bessie Head]] ( yo o tshotsweng ka ngwaga wa1937 mme a tshela go fitlhelela ngwaga wa 1986) ke mokwadi yo o itsegeng thata mo Borwa jwa Aferika. Ka 1964, o ne a tshabela puso ya tlhaolele kwa Aferika Borwa kwa Botswana mme a feta a kwala dibuka ka lefatshe la Botswana. O ne a nna koo go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1964 (fa e ne e santse e le [[Bechuanaland]]) go fitlhelela a tlhokafala a le dingwaga di le masome a mane le boferabongwe ka ngwaga wa 1986. O ne a nna kwa motseng wa [[Serowe]], mme dibuka tsa gagwe tse di tumileng thata go akaretsa ''[[When Rain Clouds Gather|Fa Maru a Pula a Kopana]]'', ''[[Maru (padi)|Maru]]'', le ''Potso ya Maatla'' di beilwe koo.<ref><ref>Encyclopaedia Britannica. "Bessie Head." https://www.britannica.com/biography/Bessie-Head</ref></ref> === Susan Williams === Buka ya setlhogo sa '''Color Bar: Go fenya ga ga [[Seretse Khama]] le morafe wa gagwe' e e kwadilweng ke mme Susan Williams yo e leng mokwadi le moitseanape wa ditso'', e bua ka dikgang tsa [[:en:Interracial_marriage|lenyalo fa gare ga batho ba merafe e e farologaneng]] le mathata a rre [[Seretse Khama]] le mohumagadi wa gagwe mme [[Ruth Williams Khama]] ba iphitlhetseng ba lebagane le one. Kokoanyo ya dibuka tse di kwadilweng ka bokhutshwane di supa dipolelo tsa nnete ebile di tshegisa go akaretsa 'Whatever You Do, Don't Run', (e e golotsweng kwa ga [[:en:United_Kingdom|Mmamosadinyana]] le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]] ka setlhogo sa 'Dont Run Whatever You Do' ), e na le dipolelo di le dintsi go tswa kwa lefatsheng la Botswana tse di kwadilweng ke mokaedi wa diphologolo tsa naga, rre [[:en:Peter_Allison|Peter Allison]] .<ref>{{cite book |last=Allison |first=Peter |year=2007 |title=Whatever You Do, Don't Run: True Tales of a Botswana Safari Guide |publisher=Globe Pequot Press |isbn=9780762745654}}</ref> == Dipadi == [[Setshwantsho:Botswana_traditional_baskets.jpg|thumb|Ditlatlana ]] [[Setshwantsho:Traditional_House_at_the_national_museum_Botswana.jpg|thumb|Ntlo ya Setswana kwa motlobong wa ditso tsa Setswana]] [[Setshwantsho:Magadi_in_Kang.jpg|thumb|Magadi (lenyalo la setso)]] Kwa ntle ga go supa teme ya ditlhopha tsa batho tse di remeletseng mo [[Botswana]], ''[[Setswana]]'' ke letlhaodi le le dirisiwang go tlhalosa khumo ya ditso tsa ngwao ya Batswana - le fa e ka tswa e le maloko a merafe [[Setswana|ya Setswana]] kgotsa ya baagi fela botlhe ba lefatshe la Botswana. === Alexander McCall Smith === Botswana ke lefelo la ditiragalo la motseletsele wa dipadi tsa masaitseweng ebile di tumile tse bidiwang [[:en:The_No._1_Ladies'_Detective_Agency|'The No.1 Ladies' Detective Agency]] tse di kwadilweng ke [[Alexander McCall Smith]] (yo o tshotsweng ka ngwaga wa 1948). Moanelwamogolo e bong, Precious Ramotswe, o nna kwa [[Gaborone]] . Padi ya ntlha mo motseletseleng o wa [[:en:The_No._1_Ladies'_Detective_Agency|The No.1 Ladies' Detective Agency]], e ne ya tlhagelela ka ngwaga wa 1998 kwa ga Mmamosadinyana (le ka ngwaga wa 2001 kwa Amerika). Dibuka tse di mowa-o-ko-tlase tse, di ratiwa ka ntlha ya thuto ya tsone ka matshelo a batho le go supa setso sa beng gae. Go ne ga tlhamiwa motseletsele wa motshameko wa setshwantsho sa motshikhinyego [[:en:BBC_Television|ke komponi ya BBC]] o o [[The No. 1 Ladies' Detective Agency (TV series)|nang le leina le le tshwanang]], mme motseletsele o, o ne wa tlhagelela ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e le masome a le mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2008 kwa ga [[:en:United_Kingdom|Mmamosadinyana]], mme motseletsele otlhe o ne wa simolola ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>https://books.google.com/books/about/A_Carrion_Death.html?id=POM3tkiTzIAC</ref></ref> === Norman Rush === Norman Rush, yo e neng ele mokaedi wa mokgatlho wa [[:en:Peace_Corps|Peace Corps]] mo Botswana go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1978 go fitlhelela ka ngwaga wa 1983, o ne a dirisa Botswana ele lefelo la ditiragalo mo dibukeng tsotlhe tsa gagwe tse di gatisitsweng, tse ka kakaretso di itebagantseng le baagi ba batswakwa. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mugoti |first=Godfrey |date=2009 |title=Africa (a-z). |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Plvuddy_4NYC&q=Norman+Rush,+who+served+as+a+Peace+Corps+director+in+Botswana+from+1978+to+1983,+uses+the+country+as+the+setting+of+all+of+his+published+books,+which+gener&pg=PA71 |publisher=Lulu.com |isbn=978-1-4357-2890-5 |language=en}}</ref> === Unity Dow === [[Unity Dow]] (yo o tshotsweng ka ngwaga wa 1959) ke moatlhodi, molwela ditshwanelo tsa batho, e bile ke mokwadi go kwa lefatsheng la Botswana. O goletse kwa magaeng mme o godisitswe ka mekgwa ya setso sa Aferika. Mme wa gagwe o ne a sa kgone go bala Sekgoa, mme gantsi go tsaya ditshwetso e ne e le tiro ya borre. O ne a tswelela go nna mmueledi mme bontsi jwa dithutego tsa ga gagwe o ne a di diretse kwa moseja. Dithutego tse tsa gagwe, di ne tsa baka gore batho ba mo tlotle fa ba bangwe ba ne ba nna le dipelaelo.<ref></ref> Jaaka mmueledi, o ne a akgolwa thata ka ntlha ya boemo jwa gagwe mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi. E ne e le mongongoregi mo tshekong e e neng e letlelela gore bana ba basadi ba ba ba tshodisitsweng ke batswaka ba lemogiwe fa [[Batho ba letso la Setswana|e le Batswana]] . Ngwao le molao wa pele ga o ne o supa fa ngwana a ka nna Motswana fela fa ntate wa gagwe e le Motswana. Moragonyana o ne a nna mosadi wa ntlha go nna moatlhodi wa kgotla-tshekelo-kgolo mo Botswana.<ref></ref> Jaaka mokwadi, o gatisitse dibuka di le tharo. Gantsi setlhogo sa dibuka tse ke dikgang tse di amanang le kgogakgogana fa gare ga mekgwa ya botshelo ya kwa moseja le ya setso. Fa godimo ga moo, di akaretsa kgatlhego ya gagwe mo dikgannyeng tsa bong le lehuma la setšhaba sa Botswana.<ref></ref> === Bessie Head === [[Bessie Head]] ( yo o tshotsweng ka ngwaga wa1937 mme a tshela go fitlhelela ngwaga wa 1986) ke mokwadi yo o itsegeng thata mo Borwa jwa Aferika. Ka 1964, o ne a tshabela puso ya tlhaolele kwa Aferika Borwa kwa Botswana mme a feta a kwala dibuka ka lefatshe la Botswana. O ne a nna koo go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1964 (fa e ne e santse e le [[Bechuanaland]]) go fitlhelela a tlhokafala a le dingwaga di le masome a mane le boferabongwe ka ngwaga wa 1986. O ne a nna kwa motseng wa [[Serowe]], mme dibuka tsa gagwe tse di tumileng thata go akaretsa ''[[When Rain Clouds Gather|Fa Maru a Pula a Kopana]]'', ''[[Maru (padi)|Maru]]'', le ''Potso ya Maatla'' di beilwe koo.<ref></ref> === Susan Williams === Buka ya setlhogo sa '''Color Bar: Go fenya ga ga [[Seretse Khama]] le morafe wa gagwe' e e kwadilweng ke mme Susan Williams yo e leng mokwadi le moitseanape wa ditso'', e bua ka dikgang tsa [[:en:Interracial_marriage|lenyalo fa gare ga batho ba merafe e e farologaneng]] le mathata a rre [[Seretse Khama]] le mohumagadi wa gagwe mme [[Ruth Williams Khama]] ba iphitlhetseng ba lebagane le one. Kokoanyo ya dibuka tse di kwadilweng ka bokhutshwane di supa dipolelo tsa nnete ebile di tshegisa go akaretsa 'Whatever You Do, Don't Run', (e e golotsweng kwa ga [[:en:United_Kingdom|Mmamosadinyana]] le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]] ka setlhogo sa 'Dont Run Whatever You Do' ), e na le dipolelo di le dintsi go tswa kwa lefatsheng la Botswana tse di kwadilweng ke mokaedi wa diphologolo tsa naga, rre [[:en:Peter_Allison|Peter Allison]] .<ref>{{cite book |last=Allison |first=Peter |year=2007 |title=Whatever You Do, Don't Run: True Tales of a Botswana Safari Guide |publisher=Globe Pequot Press |isbn=9780762745654}}</ref> === Michael Stanley === Ka ngwaga wa 2008, padi ya masaitsiweng ya setlhogo sa '<nowiki/>''A Carrion Death''' e e kwadilweng ke Michael Stanley e ne ya itsise ka rre [[David "Kubu" Bengu|David " Kubu " Bengu]] yo e neng e le lepodisi le le itebagantseng le ditlhotlhomiso mo lephateng la dipatlisiso tsa borukutlhi mo Botswana . Rre Kubu yo o sa lebalesegeng o nna mo Gaborone. Padi e, ke tsamaiso ya sepodisi e gape e neelang matseno a Botswana wa segompieno.<ref>https://books.google.com/books/about/A_Carrion_Death.html?id=POM3tkiTzIAC</ref> === Bakwadi ba bangwe === * [[:en:Caitlin_Davies|Caitlin Davies]], yo o tsholetsweng kwa ga Mmamosadinyana * [[Unity Dow]] * [[Bessie Head]], o o tsholetsweng kwa Aferikaborwa * [[Moteane Melamu]] * [[Barolong Seboni]] mmoki * [[Andrew Sesinyi]] 8hafo57ohowy50ck3tccb5wg7uxfbxt Mmadikolo wa Botswana 0 4447 52528 52522 2026-07-15T12:37:28Z Atsile Edith 11759 ke senotse tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 52528 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox university | name = University of Botswana | image = University of Botswana 20200310.jpg | caption = Mmadikolo | motto = {{lang|tn|Thuto Ke Thebe}} ([[Setswana]])<ref name=facts>{{cite web|url=http://www.ub.bw/content/id/2185/read-more/ |title=Facts and Figures |access-date=2014-07-02}}</ref> | mottoeng = Education is a Shield<ref name=facts/> | chancellor = [[Tebelelo Seretse]] | vice_chancellor = Professor David Norris | established = 1982 | type = [[Public university]] | endowment = [[Botswana pula|P]]334 million([[United States Dollar|US $]]50[[million]]) | administrative_staff = 2,658 | students = 15,484 | undergrad = 14,093 | postgrad = 1,445 | sports_nickname = Mmadikolo/Basco | colors = {{colorbox|brown}}{{colorbox|blue}} and blue | city = {{flagicon|Botswana}} [[Gaborone]], [[Francistown]], and [[Maun, Botswana|Maun]] | country = | campus = [[Urban area|Urban]], {{convert|1.15|km2|acre}} | mascot = Bull (steer) | website = [http://www.ub.bw University of Botswana] }} [[Setshwantsho:University of Botswana, Administration 20200211.jpg|thumb|University of Botswana Administration]] '''Mmadikolo wa Botswana''', o o itsegeng thata ka leina la '''UB''', o tlhamilwe ka ngwaga wa 1982 e le lekanala la ntlha la dithuto tse di ko godimo mo lefatsheng la [[Botswana]].<ref>[https://www.botswanaembassy.or.jp/science.php?La=E&Show=2 "Education | EMBASSY OF BOTSWANA, JAPAN".] ''www.botswanaembassy.or.jp''. Retrieved 25 May 2022.</ref> Ka jaana mmadikolo o o nale dikago dile tharo: e nngwe kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]], e nngwe kwa [[Francistown]] le e nngwe kwa [[Maun]].Mmadikolo wa Botswana e kgaogantswe ka magoro a le borobabobedi: Kgwebo, Thuto, Boenjenere, Dithuto tsa Batho, Disaense tsa Boitekanelo, Bongaka, Saense le Disaense tsa Loago le [[:en:Sir_Ketumile_Masire_Teaching_Hospital|Bookelo jwa Thuto jwa ga Sir Ketumile Masire]]. UB e mo maemong a sekete se le sengwe le makgolo a mabedi le bongwe go fitlhela kwa seketeng se le sengwe makgolo a matlhano mo lefatsheng le a masome a mabedii le bongwe mo Aforika e e kwa borwa jwa Sahara mo [[:en:Times_Higher_Education_World_University_Ranking|Maemong a]] [[:en:Times_Higher_Education_World_University_Ranking|Mmadikolo wa Lefatshe Lotlhe ya Thutogodimo ya Dinako]] ya ngwaga wa 2024.<ref>[https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/university-botswana "THE rankings :: University of Botswana"]. Retrieved 24 February 2024.</ref> == Ditiragalo == Mmadikolo wa Botswana o simolotse e le karolo ya thulaganyo e tona ya bo mmadikolo e e neng e bidiwa '''UBBS''', kgotsa '''Mmadikolo wa [[:en:Bechuanaland|Bechuanaland]] (Botswana), Basotoland (Lesotho), le Swaziland'''; e e neng ya tlhomiwa ka ngwaga wa 1964 go fokotsa tshegetso ya mafatshe a mararo a mo thutong e kgolwane mo [[:en:South_Africa|Aforika Borwa]] ya nako ya [[:en:Apartheid|tlhaolele]]. Morago ga gore Botswana le Lesotho di tseye boipuso ka ngwaga wa 1966, mmadikolo ne wa bidiwa Mmaikolo wa Botswana, Lesotho, le Swaziland (UBLS). Ka ngwaga wa 1975 [[Lesotho]] e ne ya ikgogela morago mo tirisanong mme ya tlhoma mmadikolo wa yone ya bosetšhaba. Dingwaga di le mmalwa go ne ga nna le Yunibesithi e e kopanetsweng ya Botswana le Swaziland go fitlhelela kwa tshimologong ya ngwaga wa 1980 mmadikolo one a kgaoganngwa ka kagiso go nna dikolo tse pedi tse di ikemetseng tsa bosetšhaba. E ne e le ka nako ya fa Lesotho e ikgogela morago la ntlha fa Botswana, e e neng e le nngwe ya mafatshe a a humanegileng go gaisa mo lefatsheng, e simolola mokgatlho wa Motho le Motho Kgomo. Letsholo le la go kokoanya madi le le itsegeng semmuso jaaka Botswana University Campus Appeal (BUCA) le ne la etelelwa pele ke Tautona wa Pele ebong Rre Seretse Khama ka ngwaga wa 1976. Letsholo le le ne la simolola go kokoanya madi a go aga sekolo se segolwane sa Botswana sa Mmaikolo wa Botswana le Swaziland. BUCA e ne ya tla morago ga go tsewa ga dikago tsa mmadikolo e e kopanetsweng kwa Roma ke puso ya Lesotho e le nosi. Batswana (batho ba Botswana) le ba bangwe ba ba amegang ba ne ba ntsha dikabelo tsa mefuta yotlhe (go akaretsa madi, dikgomo, mabele, mae, jalo le jalo) go fitlhelela paloyotlhe e e beilweng ya didikadike tsa [[:en:South_African_rand|diranta]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1982, Mmadikolo wa Botswana e ne ya nna nnete mme e santse e le setheo sa thuto e kgolwane sa bogologolo mo lefatsheng. Mokgatlho wa Motho le Motho Kgomo o sa ntse o tsweletse gompieno mo setshwantshong se segolo sa sekolo se segolwane sa mmadikolo se se fa pele ga buka-tsheko e ntšhwa.<ref>Mokopakgosi, Brian T. (22 May 2008). [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03057070802037977 "Self-reliance and the History of Higher Education: The Botswana University Campus Appeal (BUCA)*]". Journal of Southern African Studies. 34 (2): 293–304. [[Doi:10.1080/03057070802037977|doi:10.1080/03057070802037977]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:144141224 144141224].</ref> == Tsamaiso == [[Setshwantsho:GABS-UB Courtyard.JPG|thumb|Motlobo wa dibuka]] Tautona kgotsa Mothusa Tautona wa Botswana o dira jaaka Mokhanselara wa sekolo se segolwane sa Mmadikolo. Mookamedi yo mogolo mo sekolong ke Mothusa Mokhanselara. Go nnile le Batlatsa Bakhanselara ba le batlhano ba mmadikolo:<ref>[http://www.ub.bw/newsdet/nid/4290/Vice-President-Masisi-appointed-UB-Chancellor/ "Vice President Masisi appointed UB Chancellor"]. University of Botswana. 6 July 2017. Retrieved 8 July 2017.</ref><ref>[http://www.ub.bw/about.cfm?pid=551&m=206 "Welcome to University Of Botswana :: Home Page"]. www.ub.bw. Retrieved 16 September 2017.</ref> * 1982–1984: John Turner, * 1984–1998: [[Thomas Tlou]], * 1998–2003: Sharon Siverts, * 2003–2011: Bojosi Otlhogile, * 2011–2017: Thabo Fako.<ref>[http://www.ub.bw/content/id/2017/University-Council/ "Welcome to University Of Botswana :: University Council".] www.ub.bw. Retrieved 16 September 2017.</ref> * 2017–gompieno: Moporofesa David Norris<ref>[https://www.ub.bw/about-ub/news/professor-norris-appointed-sixth-ub-vice-chancellor "Professor Norris appointed sixth UB Vice Chancellor | University of Botswana".] www.ub.bw. Retrieved 27 July 2019.</ref> == Botshelo jwa moithuti == [[Setshwantsho:University of Botswana 20200310.jpg|thumb|Gaborone, Mmadikolo wa Botswana, sekolo sa bogare]] Baithuti ba le bantsi ba nna mo sekolong mo diholong tsa bonno.<ref name=":0">[http://www.ub.bw/campus_details.cfm?pid=529 "Welcome to University Of Botswana :: Home Page"]. ''www.ub.bw''. Retrieved 16 September 2017.</ref> Baithuti ba ba nnang mo diholong tsa bonno ba newa dijo mo mafelong a bojelo a khamphase.<ref name=":0" /> Ditirelo tsa sokolo di akaretsa letangwana la go thuma le le tona jwa Diolimpiki, lebala la boitlosobodutu, le mabala a metshameko (kgwele ya dinao tsa diatla, thenese, bolo ya diatla, mmapotlo le volleyball). Mmadikolo o bapile le Lebala la Metshameko la Bosetšhaba, le le leng teng go ka dirisiwa ke mmadikolo. Mabala a go ikatisa a a kwa ntle ga lebala la metshameko ke lefelo la metshameko ya dikgaisano mo mmadikolo. Mmadikolo o tlamela ka kokelo ya kalafi ya mahala le ditirelo tsa kgakololo. == Maphata le Mafapha == === Lephata la tsa Kgwebo === [[Setshwantsho:University of Botswana Faculty of Business.jpg|thumb|Lephata la Kgwebo la Mmadikolo wa Botswana ]] Lephata la Kgwebo le ne la tlhongwa ka ngwaga wa 1997 morago ga go rulaganngwa sešwa ga Sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Diakhaonto le Botsamaisi ka fa tlase ga Lephata la Disaense tsa Loago.<ref><sup>''"[https://www.ub.bw/faculties-and-departments/business/accounting-and-finance/history History | University of Botswana]". www.ub.bw. Retrieved 30 May 2020''</sup></ref>Ka fa tlase ga sekhukhu sa lephata le lesha le, go ne ga tlhamiwa mafapha a le mararo gore a nne le bokgoni jo bo kgethegileng mo go tsa botsamaisi, papatso, le go dira diakhaonto le tsa madi. E ratiwang go fetisisa tse dingwe ke lenaneo la Bachelor of Accountancy (BAcc), le le katisang baithuti go dira ditlhahlobo tsa setifikeiti sa dipalo tsa boemo ba setsebi, segolobogolo ACCA. Dialogane tse dintsi di kopantse dikiriigo fitlhela ba nna [[:en:Certified_Public_Accountant|Baakhaontente ba ba tlhomamisitsweng]] ba Amerika kgotsa maloko a [[:en:Chartered_Institute_of_Management_Accountants|CIMA]] ya UK.<ref>[https://www.ub.bw/faculties-and-departments/business "Business | University of Botswana"]. ''www.ub.bw''. Retrieved 9 May 2020.</ref> Lephata le le ruta didikirii di le tlhano: [[:en:Bachelor_of_Accountancy|Batšhelara ya Bobalamatlotlo]] (BAcc) [[:en:Bachelor_of_Business_Administration|Batšhelara ya Botsamaisi jwa Kgwebo]] (BBA) mo go tsa Botsamaisi [[:en:Bachelor_of_Business_Administration|Batšhelara ya Botsamaisi jwa Kgwebo (]]BBA) mo go tsa Papatso [[:en:Bachelor_of_Information_Systems|Batšhelara ya Ditsamaiso tsa Tshedimosetso]] (BIS) [[:en:Finance|Batšhelara ya tsa Matlole]] [[:en:Master_of_Business_Administration|Masetase ya Tsamaiso ya Kgwebo]] (MBA) === Lephata la Dithuto === Le ke lephata le le gologolo go gaisa mo mmadikolo. Lephata le le na le mafapha a le borobabobedi a a akaretsang Thuto ya Botshelo Jotlhe le Tlhabololo ya Baagi, Metheo ya Thuto, Thekenoloji ya Thuto, Disaense tsa Lelapa le tsa Badirisi, Dipuo le Disaense tsa Loago, Thuto ya Dipalo le Disaense, Thuto ya Motheo wa sekolo potlana le Saense ya Metshameko.<ref name=":1">[https://www.ub.bw/discover/faculties/education "Faculty of Education | University of Botswana]". ''www.ub.bw''. Retrieved 30 May 2020.</ref> Go na le mananeo a le lesome le botlhano a kalogo ya pele: dikirii ya Masetase ya Thuto e e nang le dithuto tse di kgethegileng di le lesome le bongwe; dikirii ya Masetase ya Thuto ya Botshelo Jotlhe le Tlhabololo ya Baagi, lenaneo la [[:en:Master_of_Counselling|Masetase la Kgakololo]] le Ditirelo tsa Batho, mananeo a mabedi a [[:en:MPhil|MPhil]] le [[:en:PhD|PhD]] le Dipoloma ya Morago ga Dialogane mo Thutong.<ref name=":1" /> === Lephata la Boenjenere === Lephata la Boenjenere le Thekenoloji le ne la tlhomiwa ka ngwaga wa1996 ka ntlha ya gore Botswana Polytechnic e ne ya tsenngwa mo UB.<ref>Teferra, Damtew (26 June 2017). [https://books.google.com/books?id=ebwpDwAAQBAJ&q=The+Faculty+of+Engineering+and+Technology+was+created+in+1996+as+a+result+of+Botswana+Polytechnic+being+incorporated+into+UB.&pg=PA33 ''Flagship Universities in Africa''.] Springer. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-3-319-49403-6|978-3-319-49403-6]]</bdi>.</ref>Lephata le le ne le le dikilometara di ka nna bongwe le ntlha ya bosupa (maele wa bongwe le ntlha nngwe) go tswa kwa sekolong se segolo sa UB kwa toropong ya [[:en:Gaborone|Gaborone]] kwa jaanong e bidiwang BCET gone, mme fa e sa le ka nako eo le fuduseditswe kwa sekolong se se golo. Lephata le tlamela ka dithuto tse dintsi tsa Boenjenere tse di akaretsang Boenjenere jwa Metšhini, jwa Dikago, jwa Motlakase, jwa Meepo le jwa ditswammung, jwa go Tlhama madirelo le jwa Thekenoloji.<ref>[https://www.ub.bw/discover/faculties/engineering-and-technology "Faculty of Engineering and Technology | University of Botswana".] ''www.ub.bw''. Retrieved 31 May 2020.</ref>Dithuto tse dingwe tse di jaaka Boagi, Ditsha, Patlisiso ya Thulaganyo le tsone di a neelwa. E fa Setifikeiti, Dipoloma, Batšhelara le Masters mo mafelong a a amanang le Boenjiniere. le dithuto tsa go rulaganya tse di tsayang dingwaga di le tlhano (dingwaga di le nne kwa Botswana le ngwaga wa bofelo go wetsa ka dithuto tsa masetase kwa ditheong tsa go rulaganya tsa seporofešenale). === Lephata la Dithuto tsa Batho === Lephata la Dithuto tsa Batho le na le mafapha a le lesome: dipuo le dikwalo tsa Seaforika; dithuto tsa Setšhaena; Seesimane; Sefora; Ditso; dithuto tsa motlobo wa dibuka le tshedimosetso; dithuto tsa bobegakgang; Dithuto tsa Sepotokisi. Le tsamaisa dithuto tsa pele ga kalogo le tsa morago ga kalogo.<ref>"[https://www.ub.bw/discover/faculties/humanities Faculty of Humanities | University of Botswana]". ''www.ub.bw''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Lefapha la ditso le akaretsa karolwana ya ditswammung kgotsa dilo tsa bogologolo.<ref>"[http://www.thuto.org/ubh/ub/hisdep.htm University of Botswana History Department]". ''www.thuto.org''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref>Setheo sa Confucius kwa mmadikolong wa Botswana se tlhomilwe ka ngwaga wa 2006 e le karolo ya Lephata la Dithuto tsa Batho.<ref>"[https://www.ub.bw/discover/faculties/humanities/confucius-institute Confucius Institute | University of Botswana]". ''www.ub.bw''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> === Lephata la maranyane === Lephata la maranyane, le le nang le batho ba le bantsi ba ba ikwadisitseng ngwaga le ngwaga, le ne la simolola e le Sekolo sa maranyane sa UBBS ka ngwaga wa 1971. Mafapha a lone a ntlhantlha a le manè (Thuto ya Botshelo,Thuto ya di khemikhale , Dipalo le Maranyane a tlhago) a ne a amega fela mo go ruteng Karolo ya ntlha ya lenaneo la dikirii ya BSc. Ka ngwaga wa 1975, fa sekolo sa [[:en:Lesotho|Lesotho]] se ne se kgaogana le UBBS, go ne ga simololwa go ruta Karolo ya bobedi (dingwaga tsa boraro le tsa bone) mo mafapheng otlhe. Mafapha a saense ya tikologo, thutafatshe, le saense ya dikhomputara a ne a okediwa mo lephateng le pele ga mmadikolo wa Botswana a nna teng ka ngwaga wa 1982.<ref>"[https://www.ub.bw/discover/history History | University of Botswana"]. ''www.ub.bw''. Retrieved 30 May 2020.</ref> Mogolwane wa lephata la saense ya tikologo, Dr. Segosebe, gape ke modulasetilo wa mokgatlho wa Somarelang Tikologo, [[:en:NGO|mokgatlho o o ikemetseng wa tikologo wa selegae]] kwa Gaborone. === Lephata la Saense ya Loago === [[Setshwantsho:University of Botswana Earth Science.JPG|thumb|Mmadikolo wa Botswana Saense ya Lefatshe]] Dithulaganyo di le mmalwa mo maemong a setifikeiti, dipoloma, dikirii le masters di neelwa ke Lephata la Disaense tsa Loago. Baithuti ba ba amogetsweng mo thulaganyong ya BA ba letleletswe, ka tetla ya ditlhogo tsa mafapha, go dira dithuto tse dikgolo tse di kopantsweng mo dithutong tse pedi go tswa kwa mafapheng a a mo teng ga lephata mmogo le mafapha a a tlhophilweng mo mafapheng a mangwe. Dithulaganyo tsa Dikirii tse di neelwang mo lephateng di akaretsa Batšhelara ya Molao, Batšhelara ya Disaense tsa Loago, Batšhelara ya Tiro ya Loago, le Masetase ya Tsamaiso ya Setšhaba, mmogo le Batšhelara ya Bodiragatsi mo Dithutong tsa Bosiamisi jwa Bokebekwa.<ref>[https://www.ub.bw/discover/faculties/social-sciences "Faculty of Social Sciences | University of Botswana]". ''www.ub.bw''. Retrieved 30 May 2020.</ref> === Sekolo sa Bongaka === ''Setlhogo se segolo: [[:en:Sir_Ketumile_Masire_Teaching_Hospital|Bookelo jwa Thuto jwa ga Sir Ketumile Masire]]'' Dikerii ya seporofešenale ya Bachelor ya Bongaka (MBBS) ke lenaneo la dingwaga di le tlhano. Dingwaga tse pedi tsa ntlha di latela mokgwa o o kopantsweng wa Thuto e e Theilweng mo Mathateng. Dingwaga tse tharo tsa bofelo di rulagantswe ka tsela ya kalafi go tlamela tšhono ya go dira mo bookelong le mo morafeng.<ref name=":2">Gaonyadiwe G. Mokone; Maikutlo Kebaetse; et al. (August 2014). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4116079 "Establishing A New Medical School: Botswana's Experience"]. Acad. Med. 89 (8 0): 83–87. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1097/ACM.0000000000000329|10.1097/ACM.0000000000000329]]. [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4116079 4116079]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25072587 25072587].</ref> Kago ya segompieno, e e agilweng mo sekolong se se golo sa mmadikolo gore go nne le sekolo sa bongaka e ne ya wediwa ka ngwaga wa 2012. Bookelo jwa go ruta jwa thuto jwa malao a le makgolo a mane le masome a matlhano bo ne jwa wediwa ka ngwaga wa 2014.<ref name=":2" /> Ka palogare, palo yotlhe ya baithuti ba pele ga kalogo ba bongaka ba le masome a matlhano ba amogelwa mo thulaganyong ya MBBS ngwaga le ngwaga.<ref name=":2" /> == Ditirisanommogo tsa Lefatshe ka bophara == Mmadikolo wa Botswana o babalela ditirisanommogo di le mmalwa tsa lefatshe ka bophara go tlhofofatsa tirisanommogo ya patlisiso le diphapano tsa dithuto. Balekane ba kananyo ya boditšhabatšhaba ba akaretsa: ====== Lefatshe la United States ====== * Mmadikolo wa California (Lenaneo la Thuto kwa Dinageng di Sele la Yunibesithi ya California)[22] * Mmadikolo wa Pennsylvania (Tirisanommogo ya Botswana le UPenn ya go tokafatsa tlhokomelo ya kalafi)[23] * Mmadikolo wa Texas kwa Austin * Mmadikolo wa Georgetown[24] * Mmadikolo wa Kansas[25] * Kholetšhe ya Augustana[26] * Mmadikolo wa Indiana[27] * Mmadikolo wa Alabama[28] * Mmadikolo wa Illinois ya Toropo-Khempeini[29] * Mmadikolo wa Minnesota[30] * Mmadikolo wa Naga ya Florida[31] '''Lefatshe la Europe''' * Kholetšhe ya Mmadikolo wa Maastricht kwa Yunibesithing ya Maastricht (Netherlands) * Mmadikolo waTübingen[32] (Jeremane) * Mmadikolo wa Goethe kwa Frankfurt[33] (Jeremane) * Mmadikolo waPotsdam[34] (Jeremane) * Mmadikolo wa Giessen[35] (Jeremane) * Mmadikolo wa Bremen[36] (Jeremane) * Mmadikolo wa Setegeniki ya Dortmund[37] (Jeremane) * Mmadikolo wa Koblenz le Landau[38] (Jeremane) * Mmadikolo waSetegeniki ya Kaiserslautern[39] (Jeremane) * Mmadikolo wa Katoliki ya Eichstatt-Ingolstadt[40] (Jeremane) ====== Asia-Pacific ====== * [[:en:Kyoto_University|Mmadikolo wa Kyoto]]<ref>[https://iafp.africa.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en/student-exchange-program-a/ "About the Student Exchange Program A"]. 京都大学アフリカ世界展開力プロジェクト. 24 February 2021. Retrieved 29 March 2024.</ref> (Japane) * [[:en:Tokyo_University_of_Foreign_Studies|Mmadikolo wa Tokyo ya Dithuto tsa Dinaga di Sele[]]<ref>"[https://iafp.africa.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en/student-exchange-program-a/ About the Student Exchange Program A]". 京都大学アフリカ世界展開力プロジェクト. 24 February 2021. Retrieved 29 March 2024.</ref> (Japane) * [[:en:Akita_University|Mmadikolo wa Akita]]<ref>"[https://www.akita-u.ac.jp/icremer/eng/eventa/item_pro_8.html 秋田大学国際資源学教育研究センター｜国立大学法人　秋田大学".] www.akita-u.ac.jp. Retrieved 29 March 2024.</ref>(Japane) * [[:en:Ritsumeikan_University|Mmadikolo wa Ritsumeikan]] (Japane) * [[:en:Jiangsu_University|Mmadikolo wa Jiangsu]]<ref>"[https://eng.ujs.edu.cn/Collaboration/Sister_Universities.htm Sister Universities-Home--Jiangsu University]". eng.ujs.edu.cn. Retrieved 29 March 2024.</ref> (China) * [[:en:Victoria_University_of_Wellington|Mmadikolo wa Victoria ya Wellington]]<ref>"[https://www.wgtn.ac.nz/explore/other-quals/study-abroad-and-exchange/overview Victoria University of Wellington]". www.wgtn.ac.nz. Retrieved 29 March 2024.</ref> (New Zealand) * [[:en:University_of_Adelaide|Mmadikolo wa Adelaide]]<ref>[https://www.ub.bw/news/ub-university-adelaide-pen-mou "UB, University of Adelaide Pen MoU | University of Botswana"]. www.ub.bw. Retrieved 29 March 2024.</ref>(Australia) ====== Aforika ====== * [[:en:Rhodes_University|Mmadikolo wa Rhodes]]<ref>"[https://www.ru.ac.za/internationalisation/students/exchangeandstudyabroad/ ERASMUS]+". www.ru.ac.za. 11 April 2014. Retrieved 29 March 2024.</ref>(Aforika borwa) * [[:en:Tshwane_University_of_Technology|Mmadikolo wa Thekenoloji ya Tshwane]] (Aforika Borwa) * [[:en:University_of_Zambia|Mmadikolo wa Zambia]] (Zambia) == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} [[Karolo:Thuto mo Gaborone]] [[Karolo:Dikolo mo Botswana]] 5fuvmbspwie1c2ryb0zt8505vr564fq 52587 52528 2026-07-16T11:40:04Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 4 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52587 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox university | name = University of Botswana | image = University of Botswana 20200310.jpg | caption = Mmadikolo | motto = {{lang|tn|Thuto Ke Thebe}} ([[Setswana]])<ref name=facts>{{cite web|url=http://www.ub.bw/content/id/2185/read-more/ |title=Facts and Figures |access-date=2014-07-02}}</ref> | mottoeng = Education is a Shield<ref name=facts/> | chancellor = [[Tebelelo Seretse]] | vice_chancellor = Professor David Norris | established = 1982 | type = [[Public university]] | endowment = [[Botswana pula|P]]334 million([[United States Dollar|US $]]50[[million]]) | administrative_staff = 2,658 | students = 15,484 | undergrad = 14,093 | postgrad = 1,445 | sports_nickname = Mmadikolo/Basco | colors = {{colorbox|brown}}{{colorbox|blue}} and blue | city = {{flagicon|Botswana}} [[Gaborone]], [[Francistown]], and [[Maun, Botswana|Maun]] | country = | campus = [[Urban area|Urban]], {{convert|1.15|km2|acre}} | mascot = Bull (steer) | website = [http://www.ub.bw University of Botswana] }} [[Setshwantsho:University of Botswana, Administration 20200211.jpg|thumb|University of Botswana Administration]] '''Mmadikolo wa Botswana''', o o itsegeng thata ka leina la '''UB''', o tlhamilwe ka ngwaga wa 1982 e le lekanala la ntlha la dithuto tse di ko godimo mo lefatsheng la [[Botswana]].<ref>[https://www.botswanaembassy.or.jp/science.php?La=E&Show=2 "Education | EMBASSY OF BOTSWANA, JAPAN".] ''www.botswanaembassy.or.jp''. Retrieved 25 May 2022.</ref> Ka jaana mmadikolo o o nale dikago dile tharo: e nngwe kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]], e nngwe kwa [[Francistown]] le e nngwe kwa [[Maun]].Mmadikolo wa Botswana e kgaogantswe ka magoro a le borobabobedi: Kgwebo, Thuto, Boenjenere, Dithuto tsa Batho, Disaense tsa Boitekanelo, Bongaka, Saense le Disaense tsa Loago le [[:en:Sir_Ketumile_Masire_Teaching_Hospital|Bookelo jwa Thuto jwa ga Sir Ketumile Masire]]. UB e mo maemong a sekete se le sengwe le makgolo a mabedi le bongwe go fitlhela kwa seketeng se le sengwe makgolo a matlhano mo lefatsheng le a masome a mabedii le bongwe mo Aforika e e kwa borwa jwa Sahara mo [[:en:Times_Higher_Education_World_University_Ranking|Maemong a]] [[:en:Times_Higher_Education_World_University_Ranking|Mmadikolo wa Lefatshe Lotlhe ya Thutogodimo ya Dinako]] ya ngwaga wa 2024.<ref>[https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/university-botswana "THE rankings :: University of Botswana"]. Retrieved 24 February 2024.</ref> == Ditiragalo == Mmadikolo wa Botswana o simolotse e le karolo ya thulaganyo e tona ya bo mmadikolo e e neng e bidiwa '''UBBS''', kgotsa '''Mmadikolo wa [[:en:Bechuanaland|Bechuanaland]] (Botswana), Basotoland (Lesotho), le Swaziland'''; e e neng ya tlhomiwa ka ngwaga wa 1964 go fokotsa tshegetso ya mafatshe a mararo a mo thutong e kgolwane mo [[:en:South_Africa|Aforika Borwa]] ya nako ya [[:en:Apartheid|tlhaolele]]. Morago ga gore Botswana le Lesotho di tseye boipuso ka ngwaga wa 1966, mmadikolo ne wa bidiwa Mmaikolo wa Botswana, Lesotho, le Swaziland (UBLS). Ka ngwaga wa 1975 [[Lesotho]] e ne ya ikgogela morago mo tirisanong mme ya tlhoma mmadikolo wa yone ya bosetšhaba. Dingwaga di le mmalwa go ne ga nna le Yunibesithi e e kopanetsweng ya Botswana le Swaziland go fitlhelela kwa tshimologong ya ngwaga wa 1980 mmadikolo one a kgaoganngwa ka kagiso go nna dikolo tse pedi tse di ikemetseng tsa bosetšhaba. E ne e le ka nako ya fa Lesotho e ikgogela morago la ntlha fa Botswana, e e neng e le nngwe ya mafatshe a a humanegileng go gaisa mo lefatsheng, e simolola mokgatlho wa Motho le Motho Kgomo. Letsholo le la go kokoanya madi le le itsegeng semmuso jaaka Botswana University Campus Appeal (BUCA) le ne la etelelwa pele ke Tautona wa Pele ebong Rre Seretse Khama ka ngwaga wa 1976. Letsholo le le ne la simolola go kokoanya madi a go aga sekolo se segolwane sa Botswana sa Mmaikolo wa Botswana le Swaziland. BUCA e ne ya tla morago ga go tsewa ga dikago tsa mmadikolo e e kopanetsweng kwa Roma ke puso ya Lesotho e le nosi. Batswana (batho ba Botswana) le ba bangwe ba ba amegang ba ne ba ntsha dikabelo tsa mefuta yotlhe (go akaretsa madi, dikgomo, mabele, mae, jalo le jalo) go fitlhelela paloyotlhe e e beilweng ya didikadike tsa [[:en:South_African_rand|diranta]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1982, Mmadikolo wa Botswana e ne ya nna nnete mme e santse e le setheo sa thuto e kgolwane sa bogologolo mo lefatsheng. Mokgatlho wa Motho le Motho Kgomo o sa ntse o tsweletse gompieno mo setshwantshong se segolo sa sekolo se segolwane sa mmadikolo se se fa pele ga buka-tsheko e ntšhwa.<ref>Mokopakgosi, Brian T. (22 May 2008). [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03057070802037977 "Self-reliance and the History of Higher Education: The Botswana University Campus Appeal (BUCA)*]". Journal of Southern African Studies. 34 (2): 293–304. [[Doi:10.1080/03057070802037977|doi:10.1080/03057070802037977]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:144141224 144141224].</ref> == Tsamaiso == [[Setshwantsho:GABS-UB Courtyard.JPG|thumb|Motlobo wa dibuka]] Tautona kgotsa Mothusa Tautona wa Botswana o dira jaaka Mokhanselara wa sekolo se segolwane sa Mmadikolo. Mookamedi yo mogolo mo sekolong ke Mothusa Mokhanselara. Go nnile le Batlatsa Bakhanselara ba le batlhano ba mmadikolo:<ref>[http://www.ub.bw/newsdet/nid/4290/Vice-President-Masisi-appointed-UB-Chancellor/ "Vice President Masisi appointed UB Chancellor"]. University of Botswana. 6 July 2017. Retrieved 8 July 2017.</ref><ref>[http://www.ub.bw/about.cfm?pid=551&m=206 "Welcome to University Of Botswana :: Home Page"]. www.ub.bw. Retrieved 16 September 2017.</ref> * 1982–1984: John Turner, * 1984–1998: [[Thomas Tlou]], * 1998–2003: Sharon Siverts, * 2003–2011: Bojosi Otlhogile, * 2011–2017: Thabo Fako.<ref>[http://www.ub.bw/content/id/2017/University-Council/ "Welcome to University Of Botswana :: University Council".] www.ub.bw. Retrieved 16 September 2017.</ref> * 2017–gompieno: Moporofesa David Norris<ref>[https://www.ub.bw/about-ub/news/professor-norris-appointed-sixth-ub-vice-chancellor "Professor Norris appointed sixth UB Vice Chancellor | University of Botswana".] www.ub.bw. Retrieved 27 July 2019.</ref> == Botshelo jwa moithuti == [[Setshwantsho:University of Botswana 20200310.jpg|thumb|Gaborone, Mmadikolo wa Botswana, sekolo sa bogare]] Baithuti ba le bantsi ba nna mo sekolong mo diholong tsa bonno.<ref name=":0">[http://www.ub.bw/campus_details.cfm?pid=529 "Welcome to University Of Botswana :: Home Page"]. ''www.ub.bw''. Retrieved 16 September 2017.</ref> Baithuti ba ba nnang mo diholong tsa bonno ba newa dijo mo mafelong a bojelo a khamphase.<ref name=":0" /> Ditirelo tsa sokolo di akaretsa letangwana la go thuma le le tona jwa Diolimpiki, lebala la boitlosobodutu, le mabala a metshameko (kgwele ya dinao tsa diatla, thenese, bolo ya diatla, mmapotlo le volleyball). Mmadikolo o bapile le Lebala la Metshameko la Bosetšhaba, le le leng teng go ka dirisiwa ke mmadikolo. Mabala a go ikatisa a a kwa ntle ga lebala la metshameko ke lefelo la metshameko ya dikgaisano mo mmadikolo. Mmadikolo o tlamela ka kokelo ya kalafi ya mahala le ditirelo tsa kgakololo. == Maphata le Mafapha == === Lephata la tsa Kgwebo === [[Setshwantsho:University of Botswana Faculty of Business.jpg|thumb|Lephata la Kgwebo la Mmadikolo wa Botswana ]] Lephata la Kgwebo le ne la tlhongwa ka ngwaga wa 1997 morago ga go rulaganngwa sešwa ga Sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Diakhaonto le Botsamaisi ka fa tlase ga Lephata la Disaense tsa Loago.<ref><sup>''"[https://www.ub.bw/faculties-and-departments/business/accounting-and-finance/history History | University of Botswana]". www.ub.bw. Retrieved 30 May 2020''</sup></ref>Ka fa tlase ga sekhukhu sa lephata le lesha le, go ne ga tlhamiwa mafapha a le mararo gore a nne le bokgoni jo bo kgethegileng mo go tsa botsamaisi, papatso, le go dira diakhaonto le tsa madi. E ratiwang go fetisisa tse dingwe ke lenaneo la Bachelor of Accountancy (BAcc), le le katisang baithuti go dira ditlhahlobo tsa setifikeiti sa dipalo tsa boemo ba setsebi, segolobogolo ACCA. Dialogane tse dintsi di kopantse dikiriigo fitlhela ba nna [[:en:Certified_Public_Accountant|Baakhaontente ba ba tlhomamisitsweng]] ba Amerika kgotsa maloko a [[:en:Chartered_Institute_of_Management_Accountants|CIMA]] ya UK.<ref>[https://www.ub.bw/faculties-and-departments/business "Business | University of Botswana"]. ''www.ub.bw''. Retrieved 9 May 2020.</ref> Lephata le le ruta didikirii di le tlhano: [[:en:Bachelor_of_Accountancy|Batšhelara ya Bobalamatlotlo]] (BAcc) [[:en:Bachelor_of_Business_Administration|Batšhelara ya Botsamaisi jwa Kgwebo]] (BBA) mo go tsa Botsamaisi [[:en:Bachelor_of_Business_Administration|Batšhelara ya Botsamaisi jwa Kgwebo (]]BBA) mo go tsa Papatso [[:en:Bachelor_of_Information_Systems|Batšhelara ya Ditsamaiso tsa Tshedimosetso]] (BIS) [[:en:Finance|Batšhelara ya tsa Matlole]] [[:en:Master_of_Business_Administration|Masetase ya Tsamaiso ya Kgwebo]] (MBA) === Lephata la Dithuto === Le ke lephata le le gologolo go gaisa mo mmadikolo. Lephata le le na le mafapha a le borobabobedi a a akaretsang Thuto ya Botshelo Jotlhe le Tlhabololo ya Baagi, Metheo ya Thuto, Thekenoloji ya Thuto, Disaense tsa Lelapa le tsa Badirisi, Dipuo le Disaense tsa Loago, Thuto ya Dipalo le Disaense, Thuto ya Motheo wa sekolo potlana le Saense ya Metshameko.<ref name=":1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20201028213038/https://www.ub.bw/discover/faculties/education "Faculty of Education | University of Botswana]". ''www.ub.bw''. Retrieved 30 May 2020.</ref> Go na le mananeo a le lesome le botlhano a kalogo ya pele: dikirii ya Masetase ya Thuto e e nang le dithuto tse di kgethegileng di le lesome le bongwe; dikirii ya Masetase ya Thuto ya Botshelo Jotlhe le Tlhabololo ya Baagi, lenaneo la [[:en:Master_of_Counselling|Masetase la Kgakololo]] le Ditirelo tsa Batho, mananeo a mabedi a [[:en:MPhil|MPhil]] le [[:en:PhD|PhD]] le Dipoloma ya Morago ga Dialogane mo Thutong.<ref name=":1" /> === Lephata la Boenjenere === Lephata la Boenjenere le Thekenoloji le ne la tlhomiwa ka ngwaga wa1996 ka ntlha ya gore Botswana Polytechnic e ne ya tsenngwa mo UB.<ref>Teferra, Damtew (26 June 2017). [https://books.google.com/books?id=ebwpDwAAQBAJ&q=The+Faculty+of+Engineering+and+Technology+was+created+in+1996+as+a+result+of+Botswana+Polytechnic+being+incorporated+into+UB.&pg=PA33 ''Flagship Universities in Africa''.] Springer. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-3-319-49403-6|978-3-319-49403-6]]</bdi>.</ref>Lephata le le ne le le dikilometara di ka nna bongwe le ntlha ya bosupa (maele wa bongwe le ntlha nngwe) go tswa kwa sekolong se segolo sa UB kwa toropong ya [[:en:Gaborone|Gaborone]] kwa jaanong e bidiwang BCET gone, mme fa e sa le ka nako eo le fuduseditswe kwa sekolong se se golo. Lephata le tlamela ka dithuto tse dintsi tsa Boenjenere tse di akaretsang Boenjenere jwa Metšhini, jwa Dikago, jwa Motlakase, jwa Meepo le jwa ditswammung, jwa go Tlhama madirelo le jwa Thekenoloji.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20201028212411/https://www.ub.bw/discover/faculties/engineering-and-technology "Faculty of Engineering and Technology | University of Botswana".] ''www.ub.bw''. Retrieved 31 May 2020.</ref>Dithuto tse dingwe tse di jaaka Boagi, Ditsha, Patlisiso ya Thulaganyo le tsone di a neelwa. E fa Setifikeiti, Dipoloma, Batšhelara le Masters mo mafelong a a amanang le Boenjiniere. le dithuto tsa go rulaganya tse di tsayang dingwaga di le tlhano (dingwaga di le nne kwa Botswana le ngwaga wa bofelo go wetsa ka dithuto tsa masetase kwa ditheong tsa go rulaganya tsa seporofešenale). === Lephata la Dithuto tsa Batho === Lephata la Dithuto tsa Batho le na le mafapha a le lesome: dipuo le dikwalo tsa Seaforika; dithuto tsa Setšhaena; Seesimane; Sefora; Ditso; dithuto tsa motlobo wa dibuka le tshedimosetso; dithuto tsa bobegakgang; Dithuto tsa Sepotokisi. Le tsamaisa dithuto tsa pele ga kalogo le tsa morago ga kalogo.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20211214193420/https://www.ub.bw/discover/faculties/humanities Faculty of Humanities | University of Botswana]". ''www.ub.bw''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> Lefapha la ditso le akaretsa karolwana ya ditswammung kgotsa dilo tsa bogologolo.<ref>"[http://www.thuto.org/ubh/ub/hisdep.htm University of Botswana History Department]". ''www.thuto.org''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref>Setheo sa Confucius kwa mmadikolong wa Botswana se tlhomilwe ka ngwaga wa 2006 e le karolo ya Lephata la Dithuto tsa Batho.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20211214193418/https://www.ub.bw/discover/faculties/humanities/confucius-institute Confucius Institute | University of Botswana]". ''www.ub.bw''. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</ref> === Lephata la maranyane === Lephata la maranyane, le le nang le batho ba le bantsi ba ba ikwadisitseng ngwaga le ngwaga, le ne la simolola e le Sekolo sa maranyane sa UBBS ka ngwaga wa 1971. Mafapha a lone a ntlhantlha a le manè (Thuto ya Botshelo,Thuto ya di khemikhale , Dipalo le Maranyane a tlhago) a ne a amega fela mo go ruteng Karolo ya ntlha ya lenaneo la dikirii ya BSc. Ka ngwaga wa 1975, fa sekolo sa [[:en:Lesotho|Lesotho]] se ne se kgaogana le UBBS, go ne ga simololwa go ruta Karolo ya bobedi (dingwaga tsa boraro le tsa bone) mo mafapheng otlhe. Mafapha a saense ya tikologo, thutafatshe, le saense ya dikhomputara a ne a okediwa mo lephateng le pele ga mmadikolo wa Botswana a nna teng ka ngwaga wa 1982.<ref>"[https://www.ub.bw/discover/history History | University of Botswana"]. ''www.ub.bw''. Retrieved 30 May 2020.</ref> Mogolwane wa lephata la saense ya tikologo, Dr. Segosebe, gape ke modulasetilo wa mokgatlho wa Somarelang Tikologo, [[:en:NGO|mokgatlho o o ikemetseng wa tikologo wa selegae]] kwa Gaborone. === Lephata la Saense ya Loago === [[Setshwantsho:University of Botswana Earth Science.JPG|thumb|Mmadikolo wa Botswana Saense ya Lefatshe]] Dithulaganyo di le mmalwa mo maemong a setifikeiti, dipoloma, dikirii le masters di neelwa ke Lephata la Disaense tsa Loago. Baithuti ba ba amogetsweng mo thulaganyong ya BA ba letleletswe, ka tetla ya ditlhogo tsa mafapha, go dira dithuto tse dikgolo tse di kopantsweng mo dithutong tse pedi go tswa kwa mafapheng a a mo teng ga lephata mmogo le mafapha a a tlhophilweng mo mafapheng a mangwe. Dithulaganyo tsa Dikirii tse di neelwang mo lephateng di akaretsa Batšhelara ya Molao, Batšhelara ya Disaense tsa Loago, Batšhelara ya Tiro ya Loago, le Masetase ya Tsamaiso ya Setšhaba, mmogo le Batšhelara ya Bodiragatsi mo Dithutong tsa Bosiamisi jwa Bokebekwa.<ref>[https://www.ub.bw/discover/faculties/social-sciences "Faculty of Social Sciences | University of Botswana]". ''www.ub.bw''. Retrieved 30 May 2020.</ref> === Sekolo sa Bongaka === ''Setlhogo se segolo: [[:en:Sir_Ketumile_Masire_Teaching_Hospital|Bookelo jwa Thuto jwa ga Sir Ketumile Masire]]'' Dikerii ya seporofešenale ya Bachelor ya Bongaka (MBBS) ke lenaneo la dingwaga di le tlhano. Dingwaga tse pedi tsa ntlha di latela mokgwa o o kopantsweng wa Thuto e e Theilweng mo Mathateng. Dingwaga tse tharo tsa bofelo di rulagantswe ka tsela ya kalafi go tlamela tšhono ya go dira mo bookelong le mo morafeng.<ref name=":2">Gaonyadiwe G. Mokone; Maikutlo Kebaetse; et al. (August 2014). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4116079 "Establishing A New Medical School: Botswana's Experience"]. Acad. Med. 89 (8 0): 83–87. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1097/ACM.0000000000000329|10.1097/ACM.0000000000000329]]. [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4116079 4116079]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25072587 25072587].</ref> Kago ya segompieno, e e agilweng mo sekolong se se golo sa mmadikolo gore go nne le sekolo sa bongaka e ne ya wediwa ka ngwaga wa 2012. Bookelo jwa go ruta jwa thuto jwa malao a le makgolo a mane le masome a matlhano bo ne jwa wediwa ka ngwaga wa 2014.<ref name=":2" /> Ka palogare, palo yotlhe ya baithuti ba pele ga kalogo ba bongaka ba le masome a matlhano ba amogelwa mo thulaganyong ya MBBS ngwaga le ngwaga.<ref name=":2" /> == Ditirisanommogo tsa Lefatshe ka bophara == Mmadikolo wa Botswana o babalela ditirisanommogo di le mmalwa tsa lefatshe ka bophara go tlhofofatsa tirisanommogo ya patlisiso le diphapano tsa dithuto. Balekane ba kananyo ya boditšhabatšhaba ba akaretsa: ====== Lefatshe la United States ====== * Mmadikolo wa California (Lenaneo la Thuto kwa Dinageng di Sele la Yunibesithi ya California)[22] * Mmadikolo wa Pennsylvania (Tirisanommogo ya Botswana le UPenn ya go tokafatsa tlhokomelo ya kalafi)[23] * Mmadikolo wa Texas kwa Austin * Mmadikolo wa Georgetown[24] * Mmadikolo wa Kansas[25] * Kholetšhe ya Augustana[26] * Mmadikolo wa Indiana[27] * Mmadikolo wa Alabama[28] * Mmadikolo wa Illinois ya Toropo-Khempeini[29] * Mmadikolo wa Minnesota[30] * Mmadikolo wa Naga ya Florida[31] '''Lefatshe la Europe''' * Kholetšhe ya Mmadikolo wa Maastricht kwa Yunibesithing ya Maastricht (Netherlands) * Mmadikolo waTübingen[32] (Jeremane) * Mmadikolo wa Goethe kwa Frankfurt[33] (Jeremane) * Mmadikolo waPotsdam[34] (Jeremane) * Mmadikolo wa Giessen[35] (Jeremane) * Mmadikolo wa Bremen[36] (Jeremane) * Mmadikolo wa Setegeniki ya Dortmund[37] (Jeremane) * Mmadikolo wa Koblenz le Landau[38] (Jeremane) * Mmadikolo waSetegeniki ya Kaiserslautern[39] (Jeremane) * Mmadikolo wa Katoliki ya Eichstatt-Ingolstadt[40] (Jeremane) ====== Asia-Pacific ====== * [[:en:Kyoto_University|Mmadikolo wa Kyoto]]<ref>[https://iafp.africa.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en/student-exchange-program-a/ "About the Student Exchange Program A"]. 京都大学アフリカ世界展開力プロジェクト. 24 February 2021. Retrieved 29 March 2024.</ref> (Japane) * [[:en:Tokyo_University_of_Foreign_Studies|Mmadikolo wa Tokyo ya Dithuto tsa Dinaga di Sele[]]<ref>"[https://iafp.africa.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en/student-exchange-program-a/ About the Student Exchange Program A]". 京都大学アフリカ世界展開力プロジェクト. 24 February 2021. Retrieved 29 March 2024.</ref> (Japane) * [[:en:Akita_University|Mmadikolo wa Akita]]<ref>"[https://www.akita-u.ac.jp/icremer/eng/eventa/item_pro_8.html 秋田大学国際資源学教育研究センター｜国立大学法人　秋田大学".] www.akita-u.ac.jp. Retrieved 29 March 2024.</ref>(Japane) * [[:en:Ritsumeikan_University|Mmadikolo wa Ritsumeikan]] (Japane) * [[:en:Jiangsu_University|Mmadikolo wa Jiangsu]]<ref>"[https://eng.ujs.edu.cn/Collaboration/Sister_Universities.htm Sister Universities-Home--Jiangsu University]". eng.ujs.edu.cn. Retrieved 29 March 2024.</ref> (China) * [[:en:Victoria_University_of_Wellington|Mmadikolo wa Victoria ya Wellington]]<ref>"[https://www.wgtn.ac.nz/explore/other-quals/study-abroad-and-exchange/overview Victoria University of Wellington]". www.wgtn.ac.nz. Retrieved 29 March 2024.</ref> (New Zealand) * [[:en:University_of_Adelaide|Mmadikolo wa Adelaide]]<ref>[https://www.ub.bw/news/ub-university-adelaide-pen-mou "UB, University of Adelaide Pen MoU | University of Botswana"]. www.ub.bw. Retrieved 29 March 2024.</ref>(Australia) ====== Aforika ====== * [[:en:Rhodes_University|Mmadikolo wa Rhodes]]<ref>"[https://www.ru.ac.za/internationalisation/students/exchangeandstudyabroad/ ERASMUS]+". www.ru.ac.za. 11 April 2014. Retrieved 29 March 2024.</ref>(Aforika borwa) * [[:en:Tshwane_University_of_Technology|Mmadikolo wa Thekenoloji ya Tshwane]] (Aforika Borwa) * [[:en:University_of_Zambia|Mmadikolo wa Zambia]] (Zambia) == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} [[Karolo:Thuto mo Gaborone]] [[Karolo:Dikolo mo Botswana]] qyg527h8vakp72kfag386jd5p6qj8qm Duma Boko 0 7645 52577 49871 2026-07-16T09:44:04Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke feleditse tsebe ya Duma Gideon Boko 52577 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder | honorific-prefix = | name = Duma Gideon Boko | honorific-suffix = | image =Duma Boko 2025 (cropped).jpg | order = | office = Tautona wa [[Umbrella for Democratic Change|UDC]] | term_start = | term_start2 = Ngwanatsele 2014 | term_end2 = 5 Ngwanatsele 2019 | predecessor2 = | successor2 = [[Dumelang Saleshando]] | office3 = | term_start3 = | term_end3 = | predecessor3 = | successor3 = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1969|12|31}} | birth_place = [[Mahalapye]], Botswana | nationality = [[Botswana|Motswana]] | party = [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]] | spouse = | children = | relations = | parents = | residence = [[Gaborone]] | alma_mater = [[Harvard Law School]], [[University of Botswana]] | profession = [[Lawyer]], Academic, [[bureaucrat]] | religion = | signature = | signature_alt = | website = | footnotes = |caption=2025}} [[Setshwantsho:Duma Boko, 2019 elections.png|thumb|Duma Boko]] '''Duma Gideon Boko''' ( o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e le masome a mararo le bongwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le borobabongwe (1969) ke radipolotiki le mmueledi wa Motswana yo mo gompienong a direlang jaaka [[:en:President_of_Botswana|Tautona]] wa borataro wa Botswana fa e sale ka kgwedi a Ngwanaatsele e thola bongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024) le moeteledipele wa [[:en:Umbrella_for_Democratic_Change|Umbrella for Democratic Change]] fa e sale ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bobedi (2012).<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Duma-Boko "Duma Boko | Biography, Education, Wife, Age, & Facts | Britannica".] ''www.britannica.com''. 15 January 2025. Retrieved 20 January 2025.</ref><ref>[https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/duma-boko-sworn-in-as-botswana-s-new-president/3381189 "Duma Boko sworn in as Botswana's new president"]. ''www.aa.com.tr''. Retrieved 1 November 2024</ref> O ne a direla jaaka [[:en:Leader_of_the_Opposition_(Botswana)|Moeteledipele wa Kganetso]] go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014) go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019)'''.''' One a etelela pele lekoko [[:en:Botswana_National_Front|BNF]] ka ngwaga wa 2010. le go tsena mo tirisanyong mmogo le makoko a mangwe a sepolotiki a kganetso ka fa tlase ga bokopano jo bo bidiwang ''[[:en:Umbrella_for_Democratic_Change|Umbrella for Democratic Change]]'' (UDC) o ne a etelela pele jaaka mogogi wa maloko a kganetso mo ditlhopong tsa lefatshe la Botswana ka [[:en:2014_Botswana_general_election|2014]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Independent Electoral Commission – Botswana National Assembly, 2014 |url=https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/documents/2014%20General%20Elections%20Report.pdf |access-date=2025-10-15 |archive-date=2022-06-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220628124457/https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/documents/2014%20General%20Elections%20Report.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>le [[:en:2019_Botswana_general_election|2019]].<ref>Tafa, Abednego B.; Zuze, Keireng A. (2 December 2019). [https://web.archive.org/web/20240608173526/https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/Botswana_2019_General_Elections_REPORT(1).pdf Report to the Minister for Presidential Affairs, Governance and Public Administration on the 2019 General Elections] (PDF) (Report). Independent Electoral Commission Batswana. p. 19. Retrieved 3 November 2024.</ref> Kwa ditlhophong tsa gwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024), o ne a etelela lekoko la gagwe pele go ya phenyong mme a ikanisiwa jaaka Tautona wa Botswana ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele a thola bongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse* -pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024).<ref>Kupemba, Danai Nesta (2 November 2024). [https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cx2yx5nk1l0o "Botswana's politician who did the unthinkable".] [[:en:BBC_News|BBC News.]] Retrieved 3 November 2024.</ref> Ke ene wa ntlha, mme go fitlha ga jaana ke ene fela tautona mo hisitoring ya Botswana yo o sa tseneng mo lekokong la [[:en:Botswana_Democratic_Party|Botswana Democratic Party]]. Boko o tsewa e le [[:en:Social_democracy|motemokerasi wa loago]].<ref name=":1">Sebudubudu, David (6 November 2024)[https://theconversation.com/botswanas-new-president-who-is-duma-boko-and-what-does-he-stand-for-242963 . "Botswana's new president: who is Duma Boko and what does he stand for?".] ''The Conversation''. Retrieved 11 August 2025.</ref> == Botshelo jwa pele == Boko o tsholetswe mo motseng wa [[Mahalapye]] <ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cx2yx5nk1l0o "Botswana election: Duma Boko - the politician who did the unthinkable"]. ''www.bbc.com''. Retrieved 7 November 2024</ref> ka kgwedi ya Sedimontlhole e thola malatsi a masome a mararo le bongwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le borobabongwe (1969). O tsene sekolo se se potlana go ya go ema ka se se golwane gone ko motseng wa [[Mahalapye]]. Rraagwe yo o tlhokafetseng ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone (2004) o ne a dira jaaka motlhatlheledi kwa Madiba Brigades. O na le kgaitsadie, Emma Boko.<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20240305043235/https://democracyheroesaward.com/2023/08/31/meet-your-hero-president-duma-gideon-boko-udc-presidential-candidate-botswana/ "Meet Your Hero. President Duma Gideon Boko. UDC Presidential Candidate Botswana".] ''Democracy Heroes Award''. Archived from [https://democracyheroesaward.com/2023/08/31/meet-your-hero-president-duma-gideon-boko-udc-presidential-candidate-botswana/ the original] on 5 March 2024. Retrieved 5 March 2024.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bosupa (1987), Boko o ne a ithutela molao kwa [[:en:University_of_Botswana|yunibesithing ya Botswana]]. O ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la Lekgotla la Baemedi ba Baithuti (SRC). Gareng ga baithutimmogo le ene ba molao e ne e le baatlhodi ba kgotlatshekelokgolo Michael Leburu, Key Dingake, Bengbame Sechele le Lot Moroka. Fa a sena go aloga ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabngwe le boraro (1993), o ne a tsena [[:en:Harvard_Law_School|Sekolo sa Molao sa Harvard]], kwa a neng a bona [[:en:Master_of_Laws|dikirii ya Masetase ya Melao]] gone.<ref>Mathala, Sharon (8 September 2017). [https://web.archive.org/web/20180220152011/https://thevoicebw.com/loo-flushes-away-bmds-woes/ "The loo flushes away BMD'S woes".] ''The Voice''. Archived from the original on 20 February 2018. Retrieved 20 February 2018.</ref> == Tiro == Boko o ne a boela go ya go ruta molao kwa Mmadikolo wa Botswana go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le boraro (1993) go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le boraro (2003),<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20171007021118/http://www.udc.org.bw/dumaboko.html "President Duma Boko".] ''Umbrella for Democratic change''. UDC. Archived from [http://www.udc.org.bw/dumaboko.html the original] on 7 October 2017. Retrieved 6 October 2017.</ref>fa gape a ne a tsamaisa feme ya molao. Mo tshimologong ya dingwaga tsa bo dikete tse pedi (2000), o ne a kwala kholomo mo pampiring ya dikgang ya ''The Monitor'' e mo go yona a neng a bolela gore baatlhodi ba ne ba sa gatelele pele mo tlhaloganyong.<ref name=":0" />O ne a supa fa a kgobegile marapo ka gore barutegi le baatlhodi ga ba dire dipatlisiso tse di lekaneng go ka atlhola ka kitso. == Polotiki == Rre Boko o ne a tlhongwa moeteledipele wa lekoko la sepolotiki la Botswana National Front (BNF) ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome (2010 ).<ref>[http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=1&aid=3658&dir=2010/July/Thursday22/ "Mmegi Online :: Boko victorious; elected BNF president"]. ''Mmegi Online''. 22 July 2010. Retrieved 30 May 2020.</ref>Maemo a gagwe le boloko jwa lekoko di ne tsa gwetlhiwa ka mabaka a gore fa BNF e kgaogana ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi (2000), o ne a fetogile leloko le le simolotseng National Democratic Front (NDF).<ref>[https://www.sundaystandard.info/bnf-backs-bokoocos-membership-claim/ "BNF backs Boko's membership claim".] ''Sunday Standard''. 11 July 2010. Retrieved 30 May 2020.</ref>Fa seno se ka supiwa, go ya ka molaotheo wa BNF, se tlaa mo kgaola mo maemong a boeteledipele mo lekokong dingwaga di le tharo morago ga go le tsenela gape. O ne a fenya kwa kgotlatshekelo.O ne a rua mokgatlho o o neng o le mo tatlhegelong ka fa tlase ga boeteledipele jwa ga [[Otsweletse Moupo]].<ref name=":0" /> BNF e ne ya kopana le Mokgatlho o mosha wa Botswana Movement for Democracy (BMD), o o neng o le karolo ya Mokgatlho wa Temokerasi wa Botswana, le Mokgatlho wa Batho ba Botswana go bopa Sekhukhu sa Phetogo ya Temokerasi.<ref>[http://www.udc.org.bw/history.html "Brief History | UDC".] ''www.udc.org.bw''. Retrieved 30 May 2020.</ref>Maloko mangwe a BNF a ne a le kgatlhanong thata le kopano eno, ba bolela gore tiro eno e tla dira gore lekoko la bone le nyelele.<ref>Mehler, Andreas (1 January 2013). "V. Central Africa". ''Africa Yearbook Volume 9''. BRILL. pp.&#x20;451–454. doi:[[doi:10.1163/9789004256002_006|10.1163/9789004256002_006]]. ISBN&#x20;<bdi>978-90-04-25600-2</bdi>.</ref>Dikgetsi kgatlhanong le Boko le komiti ya gagwe ya bogareng di ne tsa tlhatlhelwa fa pele ga kgotlatshekelokgolo. Boko le BNF ba fentse dikgwetlho tsotlhe tsa kgotlatshekelo.<ref>Kaelo, Goitsemodimo (29 July 2019). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/boko-wins-principal-residence-objection-case/news "Boko Wins 'Principal Residence' Objection Case".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 3 May 2024.</ref> === '''Ditlhopho tsa 2014''' === Mo ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa dingwaga tsa masome a mabedi le lesome le bone (2014), Boko o ne a etelela UDC pele go nna mo maemong a bobedi mo Kokoanong Bosetšhaba, a fenya manno a le lesome le bosupa go ya kwa Botswana Democratic Party (BDP) a le masome a mararo le bosupa.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20141027143920/http://electionsbotswana.org/ "Elections Botswana"]. ''Elections Botswana''. Archived from the original on 27 October 2014. Retrieved 30 May 2020.</ref>Boko o ne a nna moeteledipele wa kganetso. === Ditlhopo tsa 2019 === Mo ditlhophong tsa setshaba tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borababongwe (2019), Boko o ne a fenngwa ke [[Anna Mokgethi]] wa phathi ya BDP mo kgaolong ya botlhophi ya Gaborone Bonnington Bokone. Ka ntlha ya go fenngwa ga gagwe, o ne a latlhegelwa ke sereto sa gagwe sa moeteledipele wa kganetso kwa Kokoanong Bosetšhaba ya bo lesome le bobedi.<ref>Basimanebotlhe, Tsaone (18 November 2019)[https://www.mmegi.bw/news/duma-boko-petitions-constituency-election-outcome/news . "Duma Boko Petitions Constituency Election Outcome"]. ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 4 May 2024.</ref>Boko o boletse fa ka nako ya ditlhopho setshaba tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borababongwe (2019), go nnile le tsietso e ntsi ya ditlhopho le tsietso e e dirilweng ke BDP go rata Tautona [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]]. O boletse fa go nnile le go emisiwa ga enke ya ditlhopho le go feta selekanyo ga dikarata tsa ikwadiso ya batlhophi.<ref>[https://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/massive-vote-rigging-uncovered-in-botswana-elections-claims-opposition-leader-duma-boko-20191205 "Massive vote rigging uncovered in Botswana elections, claims opposition leader Duma Boko".] ''News24''. 5 December 2019. Retrieved 15 December 2019</ref> === '''Ditlhopo tsa 2024''' === Le fa [[Botswana Congress Party]] le [[Botswana Patriotic Front]] ka bobedi ba ne ba tswa mo UDC, lekoko la ga Boko, le lekokokganetso ka kakaretso, ba ne ba kgona go tsaya bontsi jwa manno mo ditlhophong fa ba ntse ba fokotsa BDP e e neng e ntse e busa ka lobaka lo loleele go nna rump ya manno a le mane. Jaaka moeteledipele wa kgolagano ya bontsi mo lekgotleng la peomolao, Boko o ne a nna mopresidente yo o tlhophilweng.<ref>Benza, Brian (1 November 2024). [https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/botswanas-ruling-party-loses-its-majority-this-weeks-election-mmegi-newspaper-2024-11-01/ "Botswana voters kick out ruling party of nearly six decades"]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved 1 November 2024.</ref>O ne a ikanisiwa mo maemong ka kgwedi a Ngwanatsele e thola bongwe,<ref>Roberts, Brownwen (1 November 2024). [https://www.yahoo.com/news/botswana-leader-concedes-defeat-party-063549619.html "Botswana's new president sworn in after historic election upset".] Yahoo News. Retrieved 1 November 2024</ref>ka moletlo o mongwe wa phatlalatsa o o neng wa tshwarwa ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e le borobabobedi.<ref>Motseta, Sello (9 November 2024). [https://apnews.com/article/botswana-inauguration-elections-unity-e21290c170bac9bf766d808c940cb0b4 "Thousands turn out for inauguration of Botswana's new president, who calls for unity".] Associated Press. Retrieved 9 November 2024</ref>Go tlhatlogela kwa boTautoneng ga ga Boko go ne ga tshwaya lekgetlo la ntlha fa e sale ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le borataro (1966), fa Botswana e ne e bona boipuso, gore lekokokganetso la pele le fenye ditlhopho.<ref>Sebudubudu, David (6 November 2024). [https://theconversation.com/botswanas-new-president-who-is-duma-boko-and-what-does-he-stand-for-242963 "Botswana's new president: who is Duma Boko and what does he stand for?".] ''The Conversation''. Retrieved 7 November 2024.</ref> == Botautona == [[Setshwantsho:Duma Boko inauguration parade.jpg|thumb|Duma Boko mo koloing ya mogwanto kwa tlhomong ya gagwe ya botautona]] Ka nako ya letsholo la gagwe la ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024), Boko o ne a ikana go farologanya itsholelo ya lefatshe go tswa mo go ikaegeng ka go ntsha metswedi, le go tlhatlosa dituelo, dituelo tsa baithuti, le diphenšene.<ref name=":1" />Jaaka Tautona, Boko o ne a bolela maikaelelo a gagwe a go naya batho ba Zimbabwe ba ba senang makwalo a go bereka le go nna ditetla tsa nakwana le go buisana gape ka ditumalano tsa itsholelo le De Beers mabapi le madirelo a ditaemane a Botswana.<ref>Lakaje, Mpho (8 November 2024). [https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c7v3l3zr63vo "Botswana to legalise undocumented Zimbabweans - president".] ''BBC''. Retrieved 8 November 2024.</ref> Mo Puong ya gagwe ya ntlha ya Maemo a Setšhaba ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024), Boko o boletse gore puso ya gagwe e tla kgaratlhela gore go nne le dipeeletso tse di oketsegileng mo maatleng a letsatsi, cannabis ya kalafi le hemp ya madirelo. O ne gape a itsise ditirisano le [[Elon Musk]] go atolosa phitlhelelo ya inthanete e e rekegang naga ka bophara ka Starlink.<ref>[https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20241119-new-botswana-leader-eyes-cannabis-sunshine-to-lift-economy "New Botswana leader eyes cannabis, sunshine to lift economy".] ''France 24''. 20 November 2024. Retrieved 20 November 2024.</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025), Boko o ne a tsenela go romela sathalaete ya ntlha ya Botswana, BOTSAT-1, kwa lefaufaung. Go simololwa ga yone go ne ga dirwa kwa mafelong a SpaceX kwa California, kwa Amerika.<ref>Namunwa, Kevin (10 March 2025). [https://cioafrica.co/botswana-launches-its-first-satellite/ "Botswana Launches Its First Satellite"]. ''CIO Africa''. Retrieved 12 March 2025.</ref> Ka letsati la kgwedi ya Phatwe e le masome a mabedi le botlhano ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025), Boko o ne a itsise maemo a tshoganyetso a boitekanelo jwa setšhaba naga ka bophara ka ntlha ya mathata a a tswelelang a kalafi a a bakilweng ke tlhaelo ya melemo le dilwana mo dikokelong a a bakilweng ke tlhaelo ya tekanyetsokabo le phokotso ya thuso go tswa kwa United States.<ref>[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/8/26/botswana-declares-public-health-emergency-over-medicine-shortage "President Duma Boko Of Botswana Joins Global Center On Adaptation Board".] ''Global Center on Adaptation''. 7 August 2025. Retrieved 18 March 2026</ref> == Metswedi == * Boko, D. G. (1998). [https://www.africabib.org/rec.php?RID=Q00038803 "Towards a compensatory approach to redressing constitutional violations in Botswana"]''The Zimbabwe Law Review''. '''15''': 120–133. * Boko, Duma Gideon (1 December 2002). [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1323238X.2002.11911087 "Integrating the Basarwa under Botswana's Remote Area Development Programme: Empowerment or marginalisation?"]. ''Australian Journal of Human Rights''. '''8''' (2): 153–171. doi:10.1080/1323238x.2002.11911087. ISSN 1323-238X * Boko, Duma Gideon (1 December 2000). [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1016667617539 "Fair Trial and the Customary Courts in Botswana: Questions on Legal Representation". ''Criminal Law Forum'']. '''11''' (4): 445–460. doi:10.1023/A:1016667617539. ISSN 1572-9850 == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} {| class="wikitable" |+ ! colspan="3" |Political Offices |- |A eteletswe pele ke Mokgweetsi Masisi |Tautona ya Botswana 2024–present |Yo mo maemong |} [[Karolo:Ditsalo tsa 1969]] [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] [[Karolo:Maloko a khuduthamaga ya palamente]] [[Karolo:Mapolotiki a Botswana National Front]] [[Karolo:Sealogane sa sekolo sa Havard sa molao]] [[Karolo:Sealogane sa Unibetsithi ya Botswana]] [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tswang Kgaolo ya bogare ba Botswana]] [[Karolo:Botautona ba Botswana]] [[Karolo:Baeteledipele ba kganetso (Botswana)]] [[Karolo:Mapolotiki Botswana a dingwaga tsa dikete pedi le bongwe]] [[Karolo:Badichaba kwa Amerika]] [[Karolo:Moemedi wa ba bong bo le bongwe mo Botswana]] npddh2nsdl4e4a0kj1w3569uzmk6vjj Bogolo Kenewendo 0 8419 52555 52456 2026-07-16T01:06:05Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52555 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bogolo Joy Kenewendo''' (o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bosupa1) ke moitseanape wa tsa itsholelo le wa dipolotiki wa [[Motswana]]. O direla jaaka Leloko la Palamente le le tlhophilweng ka tsela e e kgethegileng mo Palamenteng ya Botswana go tloga ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele, ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone , ke Tona ya Diminerale le Maatla mo pusong ya ga jaana morago ga go direla jaaka Tona ya Kabinete ya Matsete, Kgwebisano le Madirelo a Botswana ka fa tlase ga Tautona [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]]. <ref>Botswana Daily News (5 April 2018). [https://allafrica.com/stories/201804050942.html "Botswana: New Botswana Cabinet Appointments".] ''Botswana Daily News via [[:en:AllAfrica.com|AllAfrica.com]]''[[:en:AllAfrica.com|.]] Gaborone. Retrieved 6 April 2018.</ref><ref>Daniel Mumbere (5 April 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221026102630/http://www.africanews.com/2018/04/06/botswana-s-30-year-old-minister-becomes-internet-sensation-across-africa// "Botswana's 30 year old minister becomes internet sensation across Africa"]. Africanews.com. Retrieved 6 April 2018.</ref> <ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20231003025546/https://35.chevening.org/changemakers/bogolo-kenewendo/ "Bogolo Kenewendo | Chevening".] Retrieved 21 September 2022.</ref>Morago ga go tlosiwa mo kabineteng ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe o ne a dira jaaka motsamaisi wa Kenewendo Advisory, e e leng kwa Gaborone, Botswana. <ref>Centre for Global Development (11 April 2021). [https://www.cgdev.org/expert/bogolo-j-kenewendo "Biography of Bogolo J. Kenewendo: Non-Resident Fellow".] Washington, DC: [[:en:Center_for_Global_Development|Center for Global Development.]] Retrieved 11 April 2021.</ref> O eteletse pele Molaya Kgosi Women Leadership and Mentorship Program mme gape ke Modulasetulo wa Lekgotla la Molaya Kgosi Trust. <ref>[http://molayakgosi.weebly.com/team.html "Team"]. ''Molaya Kgosi Leadership & Mentorship Program''. Retrieved 26 May 2022.</ref><ref name=":0" /> Ene yare ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi ale lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi Kenewendo a tlhomiwa go nna mogakolodi yo o kgethegileng wa [https://climatechampions.unfccc.int/bogolo-kenewendo-named-as-climate-champions-africa-director/ Climate Champions]. <ref>Owen-Burge, Charlotte (17 June 2022). [https://climatechampions.unfccc.int/bogolo-kenewendo-named-as-climate-champions-africa-director/ "Bogolo Kenewendo named as Climate Champions' Special Advisor, Africa Director"]. ''Climate Champions''. Retrieved 21 September 2022.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Bogolo Joy Kenewendo 1.jpg|left|thumb|544x544px|Bogolo Kenewendo]] == Bomorago le Thutego == Kenewendo o tsholetswe ko motseng wa Motopi mo kgaolong ya Boteti mo Botswana ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bosupa. Morago ga go Bachelor of Arts in Economicsdira dithuto tse di potlana o ne a tsweledisa ko [[:en:Pitzer_College|Pitzer College]]. o ne a tswaledisa ko [[:en:University_of_Botswana|Unibesithi ya Botswana]] mme aloga ka Bachelor of Arts in Economics.Moragonyana, o ne a bona dikirii ya Master of Science mo go tsa Ikonomi ya Boditšhabatšhaba kwa Yunibesithing ya Sussex kwa United Kingdom. Gape ke motsamaisi wa porojeke yo o netefaditsweng. <ref>Celeb News (6 April 2018). [http://www.botswanayouth.com/wcw-10-things-you-didnt-know-about-bogolo-kenewendo/ "WCW: 10 Things You Didn't Know About Bogolo Kenewendo"]. Gaborone: Botswanayouth.com. Retrieved 2 November 2016.</ref>O ne a amogela katiso ya Economic Freedom Philosophy go tswa go Foundation for Economic Education.<ref name=":1">Bloomberg L.P. (5 April 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20180803220704/https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=215803784&privcapId=212542444&previousCapId=212542444&previousTitle=Econsult%20Botswana%20(Pty)%20Ltd. "Executive Profile: Bogolo Kenewendo".] [[:en:Bloomberg_L.P.|Bloomberg Research.]] Archived from [https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=215803784&privcapId=212542444&previousCapId=212542444&previousTitle=Econsult%20Botswana%20(Pty)%20Ltd. the original] on 3 August 2018. Retrieved 6 April 2018.</ref> == Tiro pele ga dipolotiki == Morago ga dithuto tsa gagwe tsa morago ga dikirii kwa Yunibesithing ya Sussex kwa United Kingdom jaaka Chevening Scholar, a bona MSc International Economics, Kenewendo o ne a dira jaaka moruo wa kgwebo ODI Fellow kwa Lefapheng la Kgwebo le Madirelo la Ghana. O ne gape a dira jaaka mogakolodi wa ikonomi kwa Econsult Botswana, e leng think tank ya kwa Gaborone.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2">Mlambo, Nontobeko (6 April 2018). [https://allafrica.com/stories/201804060524.html "Botswana: Meet Botswana's Youngest Minister, Bogolo Kenewendo"]. [[:en:AllAfrica.com|AllAfrica.com]]. Retrieved 6 April 2018.</ref> == Tiro ya sepolotiki == Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le le lesome le borataro, Tautona wa Botswana ka nako eo, Ian Khama, o ne a thapa Kenewendo go nna leloko la Palamente ya Botswana, kwa a neng a tlhophiwa jaaka moemedi wa moporesidente go nna leloko la palamente. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e le nne,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi , Tautona yo mošwa, Mokgweetsi Masisi, o ne a thapa Kenewendo jaaka Tona e ntšhwa ya Dipeeletso, Kgwebisano le Madirelo. O ne a ikana ka lone letsatsi leo.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> Mo maemong a gagwe jaaka tona, Kenewendo o ne a tlhophiwa ke Mokwaledi Kakaretso wa Ditšhaba tse di Kopaneng António Guterres ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi go ya High-level Panel on Digital Cooperation, e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Melinda Gates le Jack Ma. <ref>[https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/personnel-appointments/2018-07-12/secretary-generals-high-level-panel-digital-cooperation Secretary-General's High-level Panel on Digital Cooperation] United Nations, press release of 12 July 2018.</ref>Jaaka Tona ya Dipeeletso, Kgwebisano le Madirelo kwa Botswana, o ne a tsenya tirisong diphetogo go tokafatsa bonolo jwa go dira kgwebo, go bula mebaraka ya selegae le ya boditšhabatšhaba, le go baya lefatshe mo maemong a go atlega mo diketaneng tsa boleng jwa lefatshe mmogo le itsholelo ya dijithale. Ka nako ya fa a ne a le mo maemong ao, e ne e le Tona ya Kabinete e e neng e le mmotlana mo Afrika le mo hisetoring ya Botswana. <ref>[https://dx.doi.org/10.18356/3cb1bf5d-en "Youthful minister opening doors for women and girls".] ''Africa Renewal''. '''33''' (1): 8. 3 June 2019. doi[[doi:10.18356/3cb1bf5d-en|:10.18356/3cb1bf5d-en.]] ISSN&#x20;2517-9829. S2CID&#x20;199861164</ref> Kenewendo o ne a kaiwa jaaka mongwe wa batho ba le lekgolo ba ba nang le tlhotlheletso go gaisa mo Afrika ke makasine wa New African ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi .<ref>[https://ladybrille.com/new-african-100/ "New African releases its list of 100 Most influential Africans".] ''Ladybrille Magazine''. 30 November 2018. Retrieved 5 January 2021.</ref> Fa United Kingdom e ne e tsaya botsamaisi jwa G7 ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome amabedi le bongwe, Kenewendo o ne a tlhophiwa ke Tona ya Basadi le Tekatekano ya lefatshe, Liz Truss, go nna leloko la Gender Equality Advisory Council (GEAC) e e neng e sa tswa go tlhomiwa e eteletswe pele ke Sarah Sands. <ref>[https://www.gov.uk/government/news/g7-gender-equality-advisory-council-membership-announced G7 Gender Equality Advisory Council membership announced] [[:en:Government_of_the_United_Kingdom|Government of the United Kingdom,]] press release of April 9, 2021.</ref> Ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone o ne wa fetola botshelo jwa ga Kenewendo le jwa Botswana ka gore o ne a tlhophiwa go nna Leloko la Palamente ka fa tlase ga puso e ntšhwa, mme a ikana jaaka Tona ya Ditsa mmung.<ref>BellaNaija.com (16 July 2025). [https://www.bellanaija.com/2025/07/bogolo-joy-kenewendo-botswana-minister/ "Meet Bogolo Joy Kenewendo: Botswana's Trailblazing Minister Shaping Trade, Energy & Africa's Future".] ''BellaNaija.com''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 10 September 2025.</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Mo nakong ya gagwe ya go ikhutsa, Kenewendo o a tlhatlhanya, a tsaya maeto le go bala.<ref name=":2" /> == Metswedi == kzqthkubnqkc12w65odb2jf9tmmrgbe Anna Mokgethi 0 8420 52578 47975 2026-07-16T09:47:37Z Lucrucia98 12161 52578 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anna Maria Mokgethi''' ke me wa Motswana yoo mo polotiking, o simolotse go direla mo lephateng la Merero ya Setshaba, Boagedi le Tsa Bong ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019).<ref>[https://www.gov.bw/sites/default/files/2020-03/PRESS%20RELEASE%20-CABINET%20APPOINTMENTS.pdf PRESS RELEASE: CABINET APPOINTMENTS], ELIAS M. MAGOSI. retrieved 26/10/2022</ref> Ke mopalamente yoo emetseng kgaolong ya [[bokone jwa Bonnington mo Gaborone]]. Mme Mokgethi ke leloko la [[Botswana Democratic Party]].<ref>Basimanebotlhe, Tsaone (16 August 2019). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/mokgethi-runs-on-little-more-than-credibility/news "Mokgethi runs on little more than credibility"]. Mmegi Online. Retrieved 9 October 2023</ref> {{Infobox officeholder|name=Anna Mokgethi|office2=Member of the [[National Assembly (Botswana)|National Assembly]] for [[Gaborone Bonnington North]]|predecessor2=[[Duma Boko]]|party=[[Botswana Democratic Party]]|office1=Minister of Nationality, Immigration and Gender Affairs|predecessor1=[[Dorcas Makgato-Malesu]]|president1=[[Mokgweetsi Masisi]]|successor1=[[Pius Mokgware]]|successor2=[[Maipelo Mophuting]]|nationality=[[Botswana|Motswana]]|children=Sasa Klaas|profession=Polotoki}} == Tsa Sepolotiki == Mokgethi o simologile ele leloko la [[Botswana Congress Party]], pele a tlogela a ya go ikgolaganya le [[Botswana Democratic Party]].<ref>[https://tsena.co.bw/news/saleshando-defends-bcp-against-anna-mokgethi "Saleshando defends the BCP against Anna Mokgethi"]. tsena.co.bw. Retrieved 5 September 2020</ref><ref>Reporter, Sun (19 September 2016). [https://guardiansun.co.bw/News/farewell-annah-but-stop-lying-saleshando "Farewell, Annah, but stop lying - Saleshando".] ''Guardian Sun''. Retrieved 9 October 2023.</ref> Pele ga [[ditlhopho tsa 2019]], o ne a tlhopiwa ele moemedi wa kgaolong ya bokone jwa Bonnington.<ref>Basimanebotlhe, Tsaone (16 August 2019). [https://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=82186&dir=2019/august/14 "Mokgethi runs on little more than credibility"]. Mmegi Online. Retrieved 5 September 2020</ref> One a fenya ka tsedidi Mogolwane wa kganetso [[Duma Boko|Duma Gideon Boko]] ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boraro, a sena go iponela tlhopo tse dikete tse tlharo le masome a mararo le boraro gona le tsa ga Boko tse di sekete makgolo a roba bobedi masome a matlhano le bongwe.<ref>Tau, Poloko (27 October 2019). [https://www.news24.com/citypress/news/no-time-to-celebrate-masisi-after-landslide-victory-in-botswana-elections-20191027 "'No time to celebrate' – Masisi after landslide victory in Botswana elections".] ''City Press''. Retrieved 5 September 2020.</ref> o ne a ikanisiwa ele moemedi wa palamente ka kgwedi ya Lwetse a tlhola malatsi ale matlhano ka ngwaga dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019). Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi ale marataro ngwaga dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019), Tautona [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] one a tlhoma Mme Mokgethi mo lephateng la Merero ya Setshaba, Boagedi le Tsa Bong.<ref>[https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/52730 "New cabinet".] ''Botswana Daily News''. 6 November 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20191108035035/http://www.dailynews.gov.bw/news-details.php?nid=52730 Archived] from the original on 8 November 2019. Retrieved 5 September 2020</ref> O ne a ikanisiwa abo a tlhatlhama Mme [[Dorcus makgato malesu|Dorcas Makgato-malesu]] tsatsi lone leo. == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Morwadie wa gagwe, Sarona Motlhagodi, yo o itsegeng ka tsa pereko ele [[Sasa Klaas|Sasa Klass]], o tlhokafetse kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bongwe (2021) mo kotsing ya sefofane sa thootomo.<ref>Tlhankane, Mompati (6 March 2021). [https://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=89021&dir=2021/march/06 "Sad day for Botswana music: Sasa Klaas dies at 27".] Mmegi Online. Retrieved 7 March 2021</ref> == Metswedi == <references /> [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] [[Karolo:Maloko a Phuthego ya Setshaba ya Botswana]] [[Karolo:Mapolotiki a Botswana Democratic Party]] [[Karolo:Mapolotiki a Bomme a ngwaga tsa dikete pedi le bongwe]] [[Karolo:Batho ba Gaborone]] j4o9uupabm3vi6bpvrsd8m5ckidsw86 Minnie Dlamini 0 8844 52537 47216 2026-07-15T16:43:49Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 52537 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Minnie Dlamini|birth_name=Minenhle Dlamini|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=yes|1990|07|07}}|birth_place=[[Durban]], [[KwaZulu-Natal]], South Africa|alma mater=[[Northlands Girls' High School]] <br> [[University of Cape Town]] <br> [[Glenashley Preparatory School]]|occupation={{hlist| [[Television presenter]] | [[celebrity|media personality]] | on-air personality | [[Model (person)|model]] |[[actress]] }}|years active=2010–present|spouse(s)={{marriage|Quinton Jones|2017|2022|end=divorced}}|children=1|website={{URL|https://mdskincare.co.za/}}}} '''Minenhle Dlamini''' (o tsetswe ka 7 Phukwi 1990), o itsiwe ka leina la gagwe la '''Minnie Dlamini''', ke motho wa mo '''Aforika Borwa''' yo o tumileng mo moweng, modiragatsi le motlelara.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.mytvnews.co.za/10-facts-you-didnt-know-about-minnie-dlamini/|title=10 Facts You Didn't Know About Minnie Dlamini|publisher=My TV News|access-date=18 June 2016|archivedate=4 April 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404155049/http://www.mytvnews.co.za/10-facts-you-didnt-know-about-minnie-dlamini/}}</ref> Ka '''2010''' o ne a tlhophiwa go nna motlhagisi yo ntswa wa lenaneo ''la [[SABC 1]]'' la Labotlhano la mmino o o tshamekiwang ka tlhamalalo ya ''Live Amp.''<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.channel24.co.za/The-Juice/News/minnie-dlamini-reflects-on-her-career-journey-20160607|title=Minnie Dlamini reflects on her career journey|access-date=18 June 2016}}</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe jwa pele le thuto == O tshotswe ke Jabulani le Queen Dlamini kwa [[Durban]] [[KwaZulu-Natal|kwa '''Porofenseng''' ya KwaZulu-Natal]] mo [[Aforika Borwa]] . O ne a simolola thuto ya gagwe ya ntlha kwa [[Sekolong se Segolo sa Basetsana sa Northlands]] pele ga a tswelela kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Cape Town]] kwa a neng a ithuta difilimi, bobegadikgang, drama le itsholelo [ga e a felela/ga e a akarediwa].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://thenet.ng/2016/02/7-things-you-should-know-about-amvca2016-co-host-minenhle-minnie-dlamini/|title=7 things you should know about AMVCA2016 co-host, Minenhle 'Minnie' Dlamini|work=[[Nigerian Entertainment Today]]|last=Badmus|first=Kayode|date=10 February 2016|accessdate=18 June 2016}}</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Ka Phukwi, kgwedi ya Firikgong 2017, o ne a nyalwa ke Quinton Jones ka lenyalo la setso le le neng la tshwaretswe kwa Glenn Hills, kwa [[Durban Bokone]];<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sundayworld.co.za/shwashwi/2017/07/09/minnie-dlamini-s-star-studded-traditional-wedding-photos|title=Minnie Dlamini's star-studded traditional wedding (Photos) - SundayWorld|first=Sunday|last=World|date=|website=www.sundayworld.co.za|access-date=15 October 2017|archive-date=16 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171016014118/http://www.sundayworld.co.za/shwashwi/2017/07/09/minnie-dlamini-s-star-studded-traditional-wedding-photos|url-status=dead}}</ref> pele ba ne ba tswelela go dira lenyalo la basweu ka Lwetse a le lesome le borataro ka ditshwanelo tsa tshireletso e e kgethegileng tse di neng tsa rekisediwa [[Multichoice]] ka R6-million.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://zimoja.co.za/articles/Minnie--sets-the-record-straight-on-rumours-that-she-is-back-with-her-ex#:~:text=Minnie%20and%20Quinton%20got%20married,2022%20in%20a%20joint%20statement. |access-date=2024-08-30 |archive-date=2024-08-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240830124208/https://zimoja.co.za/articles/Minnie--sets-the-record-straight-on-rumours-that-she-is-back-with-her-ex#:~:text=Minnie%20and%20Quinton%20got%20married,2022%20in%20a%20joint%20statement. |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sundayworld.co.za/news/2017/06/11/multichoice-to-cover-minnie-dlamini-s-wedding|title=MultiChoice to cover Minnie Dlamini's wedding - SundayWorld|first=Aubrey|last=Mothombeni|date=|website=www.sundayworld.co.za|access-date=15 October 2017|archive-date=16 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171016014433/http://www.sundayworld.co.za/news/2017/06/11/multichoice-to-cover-minnie-dlamini-s-wedding|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.sundayworld.co.za/shwashwi/2017/09/17/becoming-mrs-jones-minnie-dlaminis-fairytale-wedding-photos#2|title=Becoming Mrs Jones: Minnie Dlamini's fairytale wedding (Photos) - SundayWorld|first=Sunday|last=World|date=|website=www.sundayworld.co.za|access-date=15 October 2017|archive-date=3 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190903055149/http://www.sundayworld.co.za/shwashwi/2017/09/17/becoming-mrs-jones-minnie-dlaminis-fairytale-wedding-photos#2|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://zimoja.co.za/articles/Minnie--sets-the-record-straight-on-rumours-that-she-is-back-with-her-ex#:~:text=Minnie%20and%20Quinton%20got%20married,2022%20in%20a%20joint%20statement. |access-date=2024-08-30 |archive-date=2024-08-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240830124208/https://zimoja.co.za/articles/Minnie--sets-the-record-straight-on-rumours-that-she-is-back-with-her-ex#:~:text=Minnie%20and%20Quinton%20got%20married,2022%20in%20a%20joint%20statement. |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ka Phalane a le lesome le boraro, ka Vuzu Amp mo [[DStv]], o ne a tlhagisa kgaolo ya ntlha ya ''Minnie Dlamini: Becoming Mrs Jones'', motseletsele wa ditokomane tsa boammaaruri tsa dikarolo tse tharo tse di kwalang loeto lwa gagwe lwa pele ga lenyalo le morago ga lenyalo.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Ka Phalane a le lesome le boferabongwe, VuzuTV e ne ya itsise ka [[Twitter]], gore karolo ya ntlha ya ''Minnie Dlamini: Becoming Mrs Jones'' e ne ya nna pontsho e e neng ya newa maduo a a kwa godimo mo ditsong tsa Vuzu Amp.<ref>[https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/tv/reality-tv/minnie-dlaminis-becomingmrsjones-breaks-vuzutv-record-11630476 "Minnie Dlamini's #BecomingMrsJones breaks VuzuTV record"]. ''IOL''. 19 October 2017. Retrieved 25 Ngwanaatsele 2025.</ref> Mo tshimologong ya 2022, go ne ga begwa gore Minenhle le Quinton ba ne ba tsenya kopo ya tlhalo morago ga dingwaga di le nne ba nyalane<ref>[https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2022-02-15-minnie-dlamini-and-quinton-jones-file-for-divorce/ "Minnie Dlamini and Quinton Jones file for divorce"]. ''TimesLIVE''. Retrieved 25 Ngwanaatsele 2025.</ref><ref>News, Eyewitness. [https://ewn.co.za/2022/02/15/minnie-dlamini-and-husband-quinton-jones-file-for-divorce "Minnie Dlamini & Quinton Jones file for divorce after 4 years of marriage"]. ewn.co.za. Retrieved 25 Ngwanaatsele 2025. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)</ref><ref>Magadla, Mahlohonolo. [https://www.news24.com/truelove/celebrity/minnie-dlamini-and-quinton-jones-call-it-quits-after-5-years-of-marriage-20220215 "Minnie Dlamini and Quinton Jones call it quits after 5 years of marriage"]. ''Truelove''. Retrieved 25 Ngwanaatsele 2025.</ref> morago ga gore go nne le magatwe a a reng o ne a tsietsa le rakgwebo Edwin Sodi.<ref>[https://www.thesouthafrican.com/lifestyle/celeb-news/breaking-minnie-dlamini-cheating-rumours-divorce-quinton-jones-edwin-sodi/ "Sjoe! Minnie Dlamini's alleged undercover lover has been identified"]. ''thesouthafrican.com''. 10 May 2022. Retrieved 25 Ngwanaatsele 2025.</ref> == Tiro == === Botho jwa mo moweng === Fa a ntse a ithuta kwa Yunibesithing ya Motsekapa, Dlamini e ne e le mogasi wa ''LIVE'' ka Seetebosigo a le lesome le borataro 2010, morago ga gore a tlhagelele lekgetlho la ntlha mo ditshwantshong fa a ntse a gatisa dipontsho tsa "Letsatsi la Bašha" le "Meletlo ya Sejana sa Lefatshe".<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160812102756/http://www.peoplemagazine.co.za/celebrity-news/before-they-were-famous-minnie-dlamini "Before They Were Famous: Minnie Dlamini"]. People Magazine. 10 March 2015. Archived from [http://www.peoplemagazine.co.za/celebrity-news/before-they-were-famous-minnie-dlamini the original] on 12 August 2016. Retrieved 25 Ngwanaatsele 2025.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160817140944/http://mzansimagic.dstv.com/profiles/minnie-dlamini/ "Minnie Dlamini"]. ''Mzansi Magic''. Archived from [http://mzansimagic.dstv.com/profiles/minnie-dlamini/ the original] on 17 August 2016. Retrieved 25 Ngwanaatsele 2025.</ref> Moragonyana o ne a nna motshwari mmogo le ''Mzansi Insider'', e leng pontsho ya mokgwa wa botshelo ya [[SABC 1]]. Ka 2012, o ne a rola tiro mo pontshong eo gore a kgone go dira tiro ya gagwe ya bodiragatsi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160808232301/http://www.southafricalatestnews.co.za/news/1039-15-interesting-facts-about-minnie-dlamini-she-was-humiliated-after-claiming-to-be-a-virgin.html "15 interesting facts about Minnie Dlamini: She was humiliated after claiming to be a virgin"]. South Africa Latest News. 4 February 2015. Archived from [http://www.southafricalatestnews.co.za/news/1039-15-interesting-facts-about-minnie-dlamini-she-was-humiliated-after-claiming-to-be-a-virgin.html the original] on 8 August 2016. Retrieved 25 Ngwanaatsele 2025.</ref> Ka 2013, Minnie o ne a fetogela kwa kgasong ya metshameko ka go nna mogasi wa ''Soccerzone'' mmogo le Thomas Mlambo, go fitlha ka 2016 fa sebopego sa pontsho se ne se fetolwa ke SABC 1.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160829050059/http://www.timeslive.co.za/entertainment/celebrity/2016/01/14/Minnie-Dlamini-Thomas-Mlambo-exit-SABCs-Soccerzone "Minnie Dlamini, Thomas Mlambo exit SABC's Soccerzone"]. ''[[:en:The_Times_(South_Africa)|The Times Live]]''. 14 January 2016. Retrieved 25 Ngwanaatsele 2025.</ref> Fa e sa le ka nako eo o nnile mogasi wa meletlo e le mmalwa ya dietsele tsa selegae le tsa boditšhabatšhaba, go akaretsa le Dietsele tsa Mmino tsa Metro FM tsa bo lesome le bone, [[Dietsele tsa Tlhopho ya Babogedi Africa Magic tsa 2016]], Dietsele tsa PSL le [[Dietsele tsa Difilimi le Thelebišene tsa Aforika Borwa]].<ref>TMG Entertainment (19 May 2016). [https://web.archive.org/web/20160829050143/http://www.timeslive.co.za/entertainment/2016/05/19/Another-big-gig-Minnie-Dlamini-to-host-E-Africa-red-carpet-at-the-SAMAs "Another big gig! Minnie Dlamini to host E! Africa red carpet at the SAMAs"]. ''[[:en:The_Times_(South_Africa)|The Times Live]]''. Retrieved 25 Ngwanaatsele 2025.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160921094528/http://www.sundayworld.co.za/lifestyle/2016/05/17/minnie-dlamini-bags-another-hosting-gig "Minnie Dlamini bags another hosting gig"]. ''Sunday World''. 17 May 2016. Archived from [http://www.sundayworld.co.za/lifestyle/2016/05/17/minnie-dlamini-bags-another-hosting-gig the original] on 21 September 2016. Retrieved 25 Ngwanaatsele 2025.</ref><ref>[http://africamagic.dstv.com/2016/03/03/minnie-ik-host-amvca/ "Minnie and IK will host this year's AMVCA!"]. ''[[:en:Africa_Magic|Africa Magic]]''. 3 March 2016. Retrieved 25 Ngwanaatsele 2025.</ref> === Bodiragatsi === Ka 2010, Dlamini o ne a tlhagelela la ntlha jaaka modiragatsi wa difilimi mo Generations, e leng sesepa sa TV sa SABC 1 se mo go sone a neng a tlhagelela jaaka moeng jaaka Miranda.[21] O ne a tswelela go tshameka karolo e e botlhokwa jaaka Zintle Lebone mo setorong sa The Wild le jaaka Nosipho Bogatsu mo Rockville.[22][23] === Mmabontle === Ka Lwetse 2011, Dlamini o ne a itsisiwe jaaka sefatlhego se sešwa sa lebenkele le legolo la Aforika Borwa la LEGit, le le nang le mofuta wa gagwe wa diaparo tsa feshene, e leng Minnie-Series.[24][25] Ka 2022 Minnie Dlamine o ne a apere setlhako sa Veldskoen sa kgatiso e e lekanyeditsweng ka tirisanommogo le DHL kwa Bekeng ya Feshene ya Paris pele ga se thankgololwa semmuso kwa Paris.[26] == Bodiragatsi == {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="4" |Film |- !Year !Film !Role !Notes |- |2010 |''Generations'' |as Miranda |Guest appearance |- |2011 |The Wild |as Zintle Lebone |Lead role |- |2013 |''Rockville'' |as Nosipho Bogatsu |Supporting role |- |2015 |''Our Perfect Wedding'' |Herself |Host/Presenter |- |2016 |''HomeGround'' | rowspan="2" |Herself |Presenter |- |2017 |''Becoming Mrs. Jones'' |Reality |} == Bopelotlhomogi == Ka 2014, Dlamini o ne a tlhoma Mokgatlho wa Minnie Dlamini, mokgatlho wa bopelotshweu o o neng wa tlhongwa ka boikaelelo jwa go thusa basetsana ba ba botlana ba Aforika Borwa go bona thuto e e siameng.[27][28] Ka di 15 Phukwi 2015, o ne a itsise ka Twitter gore mokgatlho wa gagwe o tla tshegetsa baithuti ba le 29 ka madi a bone a yunibesithi.[29] == Diphitlhelelo == === Dietsele tsa Bosetšhaba tsa Difilimi le Thelebišene === {| class="wikitable" |+ !Year !Nominee / work !Award !Result !<abbr>Ref.</abbr> |- |2024 |Herself |Best Female TV Personality 2024 |Pending | |} == Metswedi == 84gmuxr0bpu9fgdorcr2zrvtuzlgq0n Alessia Russo 0 9500 52553 37227 2026-07-15T23:51:53Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52553 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography|name=Alessia Russo|image=Alessia Russo 2023.jpg|caption=Russo with Manchester United in 2023|birth_date={{birth date and age|1999|2|8|df=y}}|full_name=Alessia Mia Teresa Russo<ref name="fifa">{{cite web |title=List of Players – England |url=https://resources.fifa.com/mm/document/tournament/competition/02/83/62/03/fu17w_2016_squadlists_neutral.pdf |publisher=FIFA |access-date=2 December 2018 |page=4 |date=24 September 2016 |archive-date=3 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190603131720/https://resources.fifa.com/mm/document/tournament/competition/02/83/62/03/fu17w_2016_squadlists_neutral.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>|birth_place=[[Maidstone]], England|height={{convert|175|cm|ftin|order=flip}}<ref name="fifa" />|position=[[Forward (association football)|Forward]]|currentclub=[[Arsenal W.F.C.|Arsenal]]|clubnumber=23|youthclubs1=[[Charlton Athletic W.F.C.|Charlton Athletic]]|clubs1=[[Chelsea F.C. Women|Chelsea]]|youthyears1=2007–2010|youthclubs2=Cliffe Woods Colts|youthyears2=2010–2016|years1=2016–2017|caps1=0|clubs2=[[Brighton & Hove Albion W.F.C.|Brighton & Hove Albion]]|years2=2017|caps2=7|goals2=3|clubs3=[[Manchester United W.F.C.|Manchester United]]|years3=2020–2023|caps3=46|goals3=22|clubs4=[[Arsenal W.F.C.|Arsenal]]|years4=2023–|caps4=22|goals4=12|college1=[[North Carolina Tar Heels women's soccer|North Carolina Tar Heels]]|collegeyears1=2017–2020|collegecaps1=42|collegegoals1=20|nationalteam1=England U15|nationalyears1=2013–2014|nationalcaps1=2|nationalgoals1=0|nationalteam2=[[England women's national under-17 football team|England U17]]|nationalyears2=2014–2016|nationalcaps2=27|nationalgoals2=17|nationalteam3=[[England women's national under-19 football team|England U19]]|nationalyears3=2017|nationalcaps3=11|nationalgoals3=0|nationalteam4=[[England women's national under-20 football team|England U20]]|nationalyears4=2017|nationalcaps4=7|nationalgoals4=4|nationalteam5=[[England women's national under-21 football team|England U21]]|nationalyears5=2019|nationalcaps5=8|nationalgoals5=0|nationalteam6=[[England women's national football team|England]]|nationalyears6=2020–|nationalcaps6=38|nationalgoals6=18|medaltemplates={{Medal|Sport|Women's [[Association football|football]]}} {{Medal|Country|{{fbw|ENG}}}} {{Medal|Competition|[[UEFA Women's Championship]]}} {{Medal|Winner|[[UEFA Women's Euro 2022|2022 England]]|}} {{Medal|Competition|[[Women's Finalissima|UEFA–CONMEBOL Finalissima]]}} {{Medal|Winner|[[2023 Women's Finalissima|2023 England]]|}} {{Medal|Competition|[[FIFA Women's World Cup]]}} {{Medal|RU|[[2023 FIFA Women's World Cup|2023 Australia-New Zealand]]|}} {{Medal|Competition|[[FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup]]}} {{Medal|3rd|[[2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2018 France]]|}} {{Medal|Competition|[[UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship]]}} {{Medal|3rd|[[2016 UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship|2016 Belarus]]|}}}} '''Alessia Mia Teresa Russo''' (Sentariana: [[:en:Help:IPA/Italian|[aˈlɛssja ˈmiːa teˈrɛːza ˈrusso]]]; yo o tshotsweng ka Tlhakole a ferabobedi 1999) ke motshameki wa kgwele ya dinao e e porofeshionale yo o tshamekang kwa pele kwa setlhopheng sa Women's Super League sa [[Arsenal W.F.C.|Arsenal]] le sa setshaba sa Enyelane. O tshamekile pele kwa ditlhopheng tsa Chelsea, Brighton & Hove Albion le Manchester United, le kgwele ya dinao ya dikolo tsa ithutelo ditiro kwa North Carolina Tar Heels. Kwa United, Russo o fentse ditlotla go tswa kwa setlhopheng di akaretsa motshameki wa ngwaga le nno ya setlha ebile gape e ne e le monosi yo o kwa godimo gabedi. Okile gape a fiwa tlotla ya motshameki wa kgwedi le nno ya kgwedi ke WSL. Russo o emetse setlhopha sa Enyelane mo boditshabatshabeng kwa maemong a bonana ka go farologana go tswa kwa U15 go ya kwa U21 go akarediwa le go nna mokapotene wa setlhopha sa U16. O dirile iponagatso ya gagwe ya ntlha ya setlhopha se segolo ka 2020 mme a nosa dino tsa gagwe tsa ntlha ka 2021 kgatlhanong le Latvia, a nosa dino tse tharo mo motshamekong o le mongwe tse di neng tsa fetoga tse di bonako go nosiwa mo ditsong ke motshameki wa Enyelane. E le mofenyi wa Euro le Enyelane, Russo o ne a fiwa tlotla ya nno ya kgaisano le Bronze Boot kwa kgaisanong ya Euro 2022. O fentse gape Arnold clark Cup gabedi le maemo a bobedi a sejana sa lefatshe. == Botshelo ja pele le ja gagwe == A tsholetswe kwa Maidstone, Kent ke Carol le Mario,<ref name=":0">"[https://goheels.com/sports/womens-soccer/roster/alessia-russo/16159 Alessia Russo - Women's Soccer]". ''University of North Carolina Athletics''. Retrieved 18 May 2023.</ref><ref>Edwards, Luke (21 September 2020). "'[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2020/09/21/came-back-degree-alessia-russo-proof-can-become-professional/ I came back with a degree': Alessia Russo proof you can become a professional footballer without sacrificing your education]". ''The Telegraph''. Retrieved 7 October 2020.</ref> Russo o simolotse go tshameka kgwele ya dinao a le dingwaga dinnye mo lelwapeng la batshameki. Rraagwe o ne a tshameka kgwele e e seng ya liki kwa Metropolitan Police F.C. ebile ke ene monosi wa bone wa rekote. Kgaitsadie yo o fa gare, Giorgio o tshamekile kgwele e e seng ya liki le ditlhopha ka go farologana di akaretsa Ramsgate.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20221001191404/https://www.isthmian.co.uk/ramsgate-bring-in-two-61178 Ramsgate bring in two – The Pitching In Isthmian Football League]". ''isthmian.co.uk''. 17 February 2020.</ref><ref name=":0" /> Kgaitsadie yo motona, Luca o emetse Enyelane kwa go tsa mabelo kwa maemong a under-20.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20220721165729/https://mutigers.com/sports/track-and-field/roster/luca-russo/5576 Luca Russo – Track & Field]". ''University of Missouri Athletics''.</ref><ref name=":1">Laverty, Rich (9 November 2017). "[https://www.ourgamemag.com/2017/11/08/remember-name-alessia-russo/ Remember the Name: Alessia Russo]". ''Our Game Magazine''.</ref><ref name=":0" /> Russo ke wa letso la sentariana – rraagwemogolo wa moSicilian go tswa kwa Aragona kwa kgaolong ya Agrigento, o fudugetse kwa Enyelane ka bo 1950.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> Rraagwemogolo o ne a nna morati wa Manchester Unite mme seo a se fitisetsa kwa baneng le bana-baneng ba gagwe.<ref>"[https://www.espn.com/college-sports/story/_/id/27952509/the-english-coming-lead-unc-women-soccer The English are coming ... to lead UNC soccer]". ''ESPN.com''. 31 October 2019. Retrieved 18 May 2023.</ref> Russo o tshameketse Bearsted F.C. Girls U10 ele ngwana,<ref>"'[https://www.englandfootball.com/womens-senior-team/squad/alessia-russo Alessia Russo Player Profile]'". ''Football Association website''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> ka 2022, == Metswedi == 0dsjadiigy7oqev0mxh2j2opn25y5iu Giovana Queiroz 0 9520 52561 35951 2026-07-16T05:39:08Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52561 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography|name=Giovana Queiroz|image=Gioqueiroz arsenal.jpg|caption=Queiroz with Arsenal in 2023|full_name=Giovana Queiroz Costa Garbelini<ref>{{cite web |url=https://madridcff.com/oficial-gio-queiroz-ya-es-del-madrid-cff-2/ |title=Oficial: Gio Queiroz ya es de Madrid CFF |publisher=[[Madrid CFF]] |access-date=13 February 2024 |archive-date=14 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240214004545/https://madridcff.com/oficial-gio-queiroz-ya-es-del-madrid-cff-2/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>|birth_date={{Birth date and age|df=yes|2003|06|21}}|birth_place=[[São Paulo]], Brazil|height=1.67m<ref>{{cite web |url=https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/football/athlete-profile-n1409181-giovana.htm |title=Football GIOVANA – Tokyo 2020 Olympics |website=olympics.com |publisher=[[Olympic Games|Olympics]] |access-date=7 August 2021 |archive-date=7 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210807224501/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/football/athlete-profile-n1409181-giovana.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>|position=[[Winger (association football)|Winger]]|currentclub=[[Madrid CFF]] <br/> (on loan from [[Arsenal W.F.C.|Arsenal]])|clubnumber=21|youthclubs1=[[Atlético Madrid Femenino|Atlético Madrid]]|clubs1=[[Madrid CFF|Madrid CFF B]]|youthyears1=2014–2017|years1=2018–2020|caps1=15|goals1=14|clubs2=[[Madrid CFF]]|years2=2018–2020|caps2=14|goals2=0|clubs3=[[FC Barcelona Femení B|Barcelona B]]|years3=2020–2021|caps3=13|goals3=9|clubs4=[[FC Barcelona Femení|Barcelona]]|years4=2020–2022|caps4=0|goals4=0|clubs5=→ [[Levante UD Femenino|Levante]] (loan)|years5=2021–2022|caps5=26|goals5=7|clubs6=[[Arsenal W.F.C.|Arsenal]]|years6=2022–|caps6=11|goals6=0|clubs7=→ [[Everton F.C. (women)|Everton]] (loan)|years7=2022–2023|caps7=7|clubs8=→ [[Madrid CFF]] (loan)|goals7=1|years8=2024|caps8=13|nationalteam-update=30 July 2022|club-update=27 May 2023|medaltemplates={{Medal|Sport|Women's [[Association football|football]]}} {{Medal|Country|{{BRA}}}} {{Medal|Competition|[[Copa América Femenina]]}} {{Medal|Winner|[[2022 Copa América Femenina|2022 Colombia]]|}}|nationalteam1=[[United States women's national under-17 soccer team|United States U17]]|nationalyears1=2019|nationalcaps1=3|nationalgoals1=0|nationalteam2=[[Spain women's national under-17 football team|Spain U17]]|nationalyears2=2019|nationalcaps2=3|nationalgoals2=7|nationalteam3=[[Brazil women's national under-17 football team|Brazil U17]]|nationalyears3=2020|nationalcaps3=2|nationalgoals3=1|nationalteam4=[[Brazil women's national football team|Brazil]]|nationalyears4=2020–|nationalcaps4=13|youthclubs2=[[Madrid CFF]]|youthyears2=2017–2018|goals8=7|nationalgoals4=2}} '''Giovana Queiroz Costa Garbelini''' (yo o tshotsweng ka Seetebosigo a le masome a mabedi le boraro 2003) yo itsegeng ka '''Gio Queiroz''' kana motlhofo fela '''Gio''', nako tse dingwe '''Giovana Costa''', ke motshameki wa kgwele ya dinao e e porofeshionale wa moBrazil yo o tshamekang ka fa tlhakoreng mo setlhopheng sa Liga F sa Madrid CFF a le mo kadimong go tswa kwa go sa ya WSL sa [[Arsenal W.F.C.|Arsenal]] le setlhopha sa setshaba sa bomme sa Brazil. == Botshelo ja pele == Queiroz o tshotswe ka 2003 kwa São Paulo, Brazil. Ka 2007 lelwapa la gagwe la fudugela kwa Weston, Florida ba bo ba nna koo go fitlhela ka 2014 ba fudugela kwa Madrid, Spain.<ref>"[https://www.olimpiadatododia.com.br/futebol/252062-giovana-queiroz-reforca-o-barcelona/ Giovana Queiroz é o novo reforço para o ataque do Barcelona]". ''Olimpíada Todo Dia'' (in Portuguese). 17 July 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201015173634/https://barcauniversal.com/a-lowdown-into-giovana-queiroz-the-new-signing-of-barca-femeni/ Archived] from the original on 12 October 2020. Retrieved 12 October 2020.</ref><ref>Kannan, Rajesh (20 July 2020). "[https://barcauniversal.com/a-lowdown-into-giovana-queiroz-the-new-signing-of-barca-femeni/ Barça Femení A lowdown into Giovana Queiroz, the new signing of Barça Femení]". ''Barça Universal''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201015173634/https://barcauniversal.com/a-lowdown-into-giovana-queiroz-the-new-signing-of-barca-femeni/ Archived] from the original on 15 October 2020. Retrieved 12 October 2020.</ref><ref>"[https://wsoccerexpress.com/2019/09/22/the-2020-u-17-uswnt-cycle-notes-on-individual-players/ The 2020 U-17 USWNT Cycle: Notes On Individual Players (September 2019)]". ''Women's Soccer Express''. 22 September 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200927193623/https://wsoccerexpress.com/2019/09/22/the-2020-u-17-uswnt-cycle-notes-on-individual-players/ Archived] from the original on 27 September 2020. Retrieved 12 October 2020.</ref> O ne e leloko la sekolo sa Atlético Madrid go fitlha ka 2017.<ref>"[https://en.atleticodemadrid.com/equipos/atletico-de-madrid-feminas-infantil-a-2016-2017 Atlético de Madrid – Academy]". ''Atlético de Madrid''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200926052511/https://en.atleticodemadrid.com/equipos/atletico-de-madrid-feminas-infantil-a-2016-2017 Archived] from the original on 26 September 2020. Retrieved 12 October 2020.</ref> == Metswedi == hfnohpfjzbyfxr2fpc3l96jjoe31959 Irene Paredes 0 9523 52566 48551 2026-07-16T07:04:38Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52566 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography|name=Irene Paredes|image=Ada Colau rep les jugadores del Barça femení després de proclamar-se campiones d’Europa 15 (cropped - Paredes).jpg|caption=Paredes in 2023|full_name=Irene Paredes Hernández<ref name="FIFA 2015">{{cite news |url=http://www.fifadata.com/document/FWWC/2015/pdf/FWWC_2015_SquadLists.pdf |title=List of Players – 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup |work=[[FIFA|Fédération Internationale de Football Association]] |access-date=18 June 2015 |archive-date=10 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160410062327/http://www.fifadata.com/document/FWWC/2015/pdf/FWWC_2015_SquadLists.pdf |url-status=dead |archivedate=28 May 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150528143625/http://www.fifadata.com/document/FWWC/2015/pdf/FWWC_2015_SquadLists.pdf }}</ref>|birth_date={{Birth date and age|df=yes|1991|7|4}}<ref name="FIFA 2015"/>|birth_place=[[Legazpi, Spain|Legazpi]], Spain<ref name="Irene Athletic">{{cite web |url=http://www.athletic-club.eus/en/players/2162/irene.html |title=Irene profile |publisher=[[Athletic Bilbao]] |access-date=27 June 2015 |archive-date=3 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170903210246/http://www.athletic-club.eus/en/players/2162/irene.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>|height=1.77 m<ref name="FIFA 2015"/>|position=[[Centre-back]]|currentclub=[[FC Barcelona Femení|Barcelona]]|clubnumber=2|youthclubs1=Ilintxa|clubs1=[[Real Sociedad (women)|Real Sociedad]]|youthyears1=2005–2006|youthclubs2=Urola|youthyears2=2006–2007|youthclubs3=[[Zarautz KE|Zarautz]]|youthyears3=2007–2008|years1=2008–2011|caps1=82|goals1=6|clubs2=[[Athletic Club (women)|Athletic Bilbao]]|years2=2011–2016|caps2=128|goals2=18|clubs3=[[Paris Saint-Germain Féminine|Paris Saint-Germain]]|years3=2016–2021|caps3=85|goals3=13|clubs4=[[FC Barcelona Femení|Barcelona]]|years4=2021–|caps4=67|goals4=6|medaltemplates={{Medal|Sport|[[Women's association football|Women's football]]}} {{Medal|Country|{{fbw|ESP}}}} {{Medal|Comp|[[FIFA Women's World Cup]]}} {{Medal|W|[[2023 FIFA Women's World Cup|2023 Australia–New Zealand]]|}} {{Medal|Comp|[[UEFA Women's Nations League]]}} {{Medal|W|[[2024 UEFA Women's Nations League Finals|2024 France–Netherlands–Spain]]|}}|nationalteam-update=18:52, 9 April 2024 (UTC)|club-update=20:24, 10 May 2024 (UTC)|nationalteam1=[[Spain women's national football team|Spain]]|nationalteam2=[[Basque Country women's national football team|Basque Country]]|nationalgoals1=11|nationalgoals2=0|nationalcaps1=104|nationalcaps2=4|nationalyears1=2011–|nationalyears2=2012–2022}} '''Irene Paredes Hernández''' ([https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/7/76/Irene_Paredes_Hern%C3%A1ndez_audio.mp3 listen<sup>ⓘ</sup>]; yo o tshotsweng ka Phukwi a le gane ka 1991) ke moSpanish<ref>[http://www.diariovasco.com/prensa/20070628/altourola/irene-paredes-gana-bronce_20070628.html <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>] El Diario Vasco</ref> wa motshameki wa kgwele ya dinao e e porofeshionale yo o tshamekang kwa morago fagare wa setlhopha sa Liga F sa [[FC Barcelona Femení|Barcelona]] le sa setshaba sa Spain.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121017004132/http://www.athletic-club.net/web/main.asp?a=5&b=1&c=11&d=0&jokalaria=2162&idi=2 <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>] [https://web.archive.org/web/20121017004132/https://web.archive.org/web/20121017004132/http://www.athletic-club.net/web/main.asp?a=5&b=1&c=11&d=0&jokalaria=2162&idi=2 Archived] 17 October 2012 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] [[:en:Athletic_Bilbao|Athletic Bilbao]]</ref> == Tiro ya setlhopha == '''<big>Real Sociedad</big>''' A tsholetswe kwa Legazpi, Gipuzkoa kwa Basque Country, Paredes a tsene mo setlhopheng sa Zarautz ka 2007. O ne a fufugela kwa Real Sociedad ngwaga moragonyana. Ka Phalane wa 2008 a le gatlhano a simolola tshameko ya gagwe ya setlhopha se segolo kgatlhanong le Málaga mo motshamekong wa liki.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20220709200302/https://www.realsociedad.eus/en/historical-file/player/1154 Irene Paredes Hernández – Historical Archives]". ''[[:en:Real_Sociedad|Real Sociedad]]''. Retrieved 8 July 2021.</ref> '''<big>Athletic Bilbao</big>''' Morago ga go nna ditlha tse tharo kwa Real Sociedad, Paredes a saena tumalano le diselammapa tsa ko Basque, Athletic Bilbao ka 2011. O ntse ditlha tse tlhano koo, a fenya Primera División mo setlheng sa gagwe sa bofelo kwa setlhopheng seo ka 2015–16.<ref>"[https://www.athletic-club.eus/palmares Palmarés – Athletic Club]". ''athletic-club.eus'' (in Spanish). Retrieved 8 July 2021.</ref> Gape o fentse Copa Euskal Herria kgatlhanong le setlhopha sa gagwe sa pele sa Real Sociedad ka 2011, 2013 le 2015. Ka Seetebosigo a le lesome 2012 o ne a ntshiwa mo motshamekong e le lantlha mo tirong ya gagwe mo tatlhegelong ya nno go tse pedi tsa Espanyol mo makgaolakgannyeng a Copa de la Reina a 2012. '''<big>Paris Saint-Germain</big>''' Ka 2016 Paredes a saenel Paris Saint-Germain. O tshamekile setlha sa gagwe sa ntlha sa UEFA Women's Champions League fa a sena go ya kwa PSG mme ba fitlha kwa makgaolakgannyeng kwa setlhopha sa gagwe se neng sa latlhegelwa ka tlhago ya dipenaliti tse thataro go tse supa tsa Lyon.<ref>Saffer, Paul (1 June 2017). "[https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/news/023a-0e16864439bc-190e42dfc820-1000/#lyon+final+penalties+again Bouhaddi gives Lyon fourth Women's Champions League title]". ''[[:en:UEFA|UEFA]]''. Retrieved 8 July 2021.</ref> Ka Motsheganong wa 2018 a le masome a mararo le motso a fenya sekgele sa gagwe sa ntlha le setlhopha seo fa PSG e fenya Lyon ka nno go lefela mo makgaolakgannyeng a Coupe de France Féminine.<ref>Gourdol, Nathan (1 June 2018). "[https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/Actualites/Le-psg-s-offre-la-coupe-de-france-feminine-devant-lyon-au-terme-d-un-scenario-incroyable/906566 Le PSG s'offre la Coupe de France féminine devant Lyon au terme d'un scénario incroyable]". ''L'Equipe'' (in French). Retrieved 8 July 2021.</ref> O ne a bidiwa e le mokapotene wa PSG pele ga setlha sa 2018–19 se simologa.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20240723171830/https://en.psg.fr/teams/womens-team/squad/irene-paredes Irene Paredes]". ''EN.PSG.FR''. Retrieved 16 March 2022.</ref> Ka Motsheganong wa 2019, Paredes a oketsa tumalano ya gagwe le PSG ka dingwaga tse pedi, seo se mmaya kwa setlhopheng seo go fitlha ka Seetebosigo a le masome a mararo ka 2021.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20241015151757/https://en.psg.fr/teams/womens-team/content/paredes-extends-contract-to-2021 Paredes extends contract to 2021]". ''en.psg.fr''. 6 May 2021. Retrieved 8 July 2021.</ref> Ka Lwetse a le masome a mabedi le motso Paredes a tshameka mo motshamekong wa gagwe wa ntlha e le mokapotene fa PSG e latlhegelwa ka dino tse tharo go tse nne ka tlhago ya dipenaliti kgatlhanong le Lyon mo Trophée des Championnes ya ntlha.<ref>Dupont, Régis (21 September 2019). "[https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/Actualites/Trophee-des-championnes-l-ol-domine-le-psg-aux-tirs-au-but/1061420 Trophée des championnes : l'OL domine le PSG aux tirs au but]". ''L'Equipe'' (in French). Retrieved 8 July 2021.</ref> Ka Seetebosigo a le gane ka 2021 Paredes a isa PSG kwa bosimegeng ja liki e le lantlha ba fetsa loeto la bosimega ja Lyon ja dingwaga tse lesome le bone ka go latelana.<ref>McVeigh, Niall (4 June 2021). "[https://www.theguardian.com/football/2021/jun/04/psg-feminines-win-french-league-title-lyon-match-report PSG Féminines win French league for first time, ending Lyon's run of 14 titles]". ''The Guardian''. Retrieved 8 July 2021.</ref> O isitse PSG gape kwa sekamakgaolakgang a Women's Champions League kwa setlhopha sa gagwe se neng sa latlhegelwa ke ba ba ileng ba nna bommampodi, [[FC Barcelona Femení|Barcelona]]. == Metswedi == ii0l4xpmnxzeixrzgxu3u6iug9okrcf Esmee Brugts 0 9559 52560 36098 2026-07-16T04:28:32Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52560 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography|name=Esmee Brugts|image=Brann - Barça Femení CG3A7684 (cropped).jpg|caption=Brugts with [[FC Barcelona Femení|Barcelona]] in 2024|full_name=Esmee Virginia Brugts<ref>{{cite web |url=https://fdp.fifa.org/assetspublic/ce93/pdf/SquadLists-English.pdf |title=FIFA Women's World Cup Australia & New Zealand 2023 – Squad List: Netherlands (NED) |publisher=[[FIFA]] |page=18 |date=11 July 2023 |access-date=11 July 2023}}</ref>|fullname={{birth date and age|df=yes|2003|7|28}}|birth_date=[[Heinenoord]], Netherlands|position=[[Midfielder]], [[forward (association football)|forward]]|currentclub=[[FC Barcelona Femení|Barcelona]]|clubnumber=24|youthclubs1={{ill|SV Heinenoord|nl}}|youthyears1=2008–2016|youthclubs2={{ill|FC Binnenmaas|nl}}|youthyears2=2016–2020|years1=2020–2023|clubs1=[[PSV (women)|PSV]]|caps1=54|goals1=15|clubs2=[[FC Barcelona Femení|Barcelona]]|years2=2023–|caps2=25|goals2=7|nationalteam-update=31 October 2023|club-update=16:03, 21 May 2024 (UTC)|nationalyears1=2018|nationalcaps1=3|nationalgoals1=1|nationalteam2=[[Netherlands women's national under-16 football team|Netherlands U-16]]<ref name=youth2>{{Cite web|url=https://www.onsoranje.nl/teams/210487/speler/25334|title=OnsOranje|website=www.onsoranje.nl}}</ref>|nationalyears2=2018|nationalcaps2=4|nationalgoals2=0|nationalteam3=[[Netherlands women's national under-17 football team|Netherlands U-17]]<ref name=youth3>{{Cite web|url=https://www.onsoranje.nl/toernooien/4240/selectie/210486/speler/25334|title=OnsOranje|website=www.onsoranje.nl}}</ref>|nationalyears3=2018–2020|nationalcaps3=19|nationalgoals3=13|nationalteam4=[[Netherlands women's national under-18 football team|Netherlands U-18]]<ref name=youth4>{{Cite web|url=https://www.onsoranje.nl/teams/348412/speler/25334|title=OnsOranje|website=www.onsoranje.nl}}</ref>|nationalyears4=2020|nationalcaps4=3|nationalgoals4=2|nationalteam5=[[Netherlands women's national under-19 football team|Netherlands U-19]]<ref name=youth5>{{Cite web|url=https://www.onsoranje.nl/teams/210484/speler/25334|title=OnsOranje|website=www.onsoranje.nl}}</ref>|nationalyears5=2021|nationalcaps5=2|nationalgoals5=2|nationalteam1=[[Netherlands women's national under-15 football team|Netherlands U-15]]<ref name=youth1>{{Cite web|url=https://www.onsoranje.nl/teams/210489/speler/25334|title=OnsOranje|website=www.onsoranje.nl}}</ref>}} '''Esmee Virginia Brugts''' (yo o tshotsweng ka Phukwi a le masome a mabedi le boferabobedi ka 2003) Ke motshameki wa kgwele ya dinao e e porofeshionale wa moDutch yo o tshamekang kwa pele kwa setlhopheng sa Liga F sa [[FC Barcelona Femení|Barcelona]] le sa setshaba sa Netherlands. == Tiro ya setlhopha == '''<big>PSV</big>''' Brugts o simolotse go tshameka kgwele ya dinao le basimane a le dingwaga tse tlhano a tshamekela SV Heinenoord. A fudugela kwa FC Binnenmaas dingwaga di ferabobedi moragonyana go ya go tshameka teng dingwaga tse nne. O ne a batiwa thata fa a saena tumalano ya gagwe ya ntlha le PSV a le dingwaga tse lesome le borataro ka 2020. Ka Phatlwe a le lesome le boraro ka 2020, Brugts a dira tshameko ya gagwe ya ntlha ya PSV mo motshamekong wa pele ga setlha kgatlhanong le Olympique Lyonnais.<ref name=":0">"[https://www.soccerdonna.de/de/esmee-brugts/leistungsdaten/spieler_38418.html 24 Esmee Brugts]". ''Soccerdonna'' (in German). Retrieved 9 April 2022.</ref> O ne a nosa kgatlhanong le ADO Den Haag ka Ngwanatsele wa 2020 a ferabobedi, a nosa mo motsotsong wa bo masome a ferabongwe le metsotso e mebedi ya tlaleletso.<ref>"[https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2020/11/08/netherlands/vrouwen-eredivisie/psvfc-eindhoven/ado-den-haag/3336591/ PSV vs ADO Den Haag - 8 November 2020]". ''int.soccerway.cm''.</ref> Mo setlheng sa gagwe sa ntlha kwa PSV o ne a tshameka metshameko ya liki e le lesome le boraro, a nosa dino tse tharo. Kwa makgaolakgannyeng a KNVB Women's Cup o ne a tshameka motshameko otlhe, PSV e fenya ADO Den Haag ka nno go lefela.<ref name=":0" /> Mo setlheng sa gagwe sa bobedi a tshameka kwa makgaolakgang a KNVB Women's Cup ya 2022, ba latlhegelwa ka dino tse pedi go e le nngwe kgatlhanong le Ajax.<ref>Tomasowa, Jordi (18 April 2022). "[https://www.msn.com/nl-nl/sport/other/ajax-vrouwen-nemen-revanche-voor-ten-hag-en-verslaan-psv-in-bekerfinale/ar-AAWkNgU Ajax Vrouwen nemen revanche voor Ten Hag en verslaan PSV in bekerfinale]". ''msn.com''.</ref> Brugts a nosa dino tse tharo kgatlhanong le Telstar ka Mopitlo a le masome a mabedi le bone ka 2023.<ref>"[https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2023/03/24/netherlands/vrouwen-eredivisie/psvfc-eindhoven/telstar/3849253/ PSV vs Telstar - 24 March 2023]". ''int.soccerway.com''.</ref> '''<big>Barcelona</big>''' Ka Phatlwe wa 2023 a saena tumalano ya dingwaga tse nne le [[FC Barcelona Femení|Barcelona]].<ref>van Lieshout, Amber. "[https://www.vrouwenvoetbalnieuws.nl/breaking-esmee-brugts-tekent-contract-bij-fc-barcelona/ BREAKING Brugts maakt toptransfer: "Never stop dreaming big"]". ''Vrouwen Voetbal Nieuws'' (in Dutch).</ref> O ne a nosa dino tsa gagwe tsa ntlha tsa Barcelona a nosa dino tse tharo mo metsotsong e ferabobedi kgatlhanong le Eibar ka Sedimonthole a ferabongwe ka 2023, a tshameka e le nomoro ya boferabongwe kwa ntlheng mme a sutelela kwa morago kwa molemeng mo motshamekong o o ka ntata ya dikgobalo tse dintsi.<ref>"[https://nos.nl/artikel/2500999-brugts-maakt-razendsnelle-hattrick-voor-barca-beerensteyn-op-schot-voor-juventus Brugts maakt razendsnelle hattrick voor Barça]". ''NOS'' (in Dutch). 9 December 2023.</ref><ref>"[https://www.relevo.com/futbol/liga-femenina/esmee-brugts-20231209180808-nt.html Esmee Brugts rompe el hielo y se estrena como goleadora del Barça con un hat-trick en ocho minutos]". ''Relevo'' (in Spanish). 9 December 2023.</ref> == Tiro ya boditshabatshaba == Brugts o tshameketse ditlhopha tsa banana tsa Netherlands di le mmalwa.<ref>"[https://www.onsoranje.nl/teams/210489/speler/25334 OnsOranje]". ''www.onsoranje.nl''.</ref><ref>"[https://www.onsoranje.nl/teams/348412/speler/25334 OnsOranje]". ''www.onsoranje.nl''.</ref> Tlhakole a le lesome le borataro ka 2022, o ne a tsaya iponagatso ya gagwe ya ntlha le setlhopha se segolo sa Netherlands kgatlhanong le Brazil kwa 2022 Tournoi de France. O ne a tsena mo lebaleng a emisetsa [[Victoria Pelova]] metsotso e merataro pele ga motshameko o ya bokhutlong.<ref>"[https://www.onsoranje.nl/teams/207834/uitslagen/wedstrijd/333996 Brazilië – Nederland]". ''www.onsoranje.nl''.</ref> O ne a nosa nno ya gagwe ya ntlha ya setlhopha sa setshaba Moranang a ferabobedi ka 2022 mo motshamekong kgatlhanong le Cyprus.<ref>"[https://www.onsoranje.nl/nieuws/nederlands-vrouwenelftal/80119/oranjeleeuwinnen-evenaren-recordzege-met-12-0-tegen-cyprus OranjeLeeuwinnen evenaren record met 12–0 winst tegen Cyprus]". ''Ons Oranje'' (in Dutch). [[:en:Royal_Dutch_Football_Association|Royal Dutch Football Association]]. 8 April 2022. Retrieved 9 April 2022.</ref> Lwetse a tlhola malatsi a le marataro a nosa nno mo motsotsong wa bo masome a ferabongwe le boraro wa nako ya kemiso mo phenyong ya nno go lefela kgatlhanong le Iceland, go dira gore lefatshe la gagwe le iponne phatlha kwa godimo ga setlhophana sa C go ya kwa sejaneng sa lefatshe sa bomme sa FIFA sa 2023.<ref>"[https://www.uefa.com/womensworldcup/match/2032352/ Netherlands 1–0 Iceland]". ''UEFA''. 6 September 2022.</ref> Motsheganong fa a le masome a mararo le bongwe ka 2023, o ne a bitswa e le leloko la setlhopha sa peomabaka sa Netherlands sa sejana sa lefatshe sa bomme sa FIFA sa 2023.<ref>Mark White (5 June 2023). "[https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/netherlands-women-world-cup-2023-squad-team-roster-players-holland Netherlands Women's World Cup 2023 squad: 30-player preliminary team named]". ''fourfourtwo.com''. Retrieved 19 June 2023.</ref> O tshamekile metshameko yotlhe e metlhano ya Netherlands kwa sejaneng sa lefatshe, a nosa gabedi kgatlhanong le Vietnam mo motshamekong wa bofelo wa setlhophana.<ref>"[https://www.onsoranje.nl/teams/207834/speler/25334/loopbaan Esmee Brugts]". ''onsoranje.nl''. Retrieved 27 August 2023.</ref> == Dipalopalo tsa tiro == === Setlhopha === : ''E sale ka motshameko o o tshamekilweng ka Motsheganong a rogwa ka 2024''<ref>"[https://int.soccerway.com/players/-/576118/ Netherlands – E. Brugts – Profile with news, career statistics and history]". ''Soccerway''. Retrieved 31 October 2023.</ref> {| class="wikitable" |+Iponagatso le dino go ya ka setlhopha, setlha le kgaisano ! rowspan="2" |Setlhopha ! rowspan="2" |Setlha ! colspan="3" |Liki ! colspan="2" |National Cup ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |Continental ! colspan="2" |Palogotlhe |- !Letlhakore !Iponagatso !Dino !Iponagatso !Dino !Iponagatso !Dino !Iponagatso !Dino !Iponagatso !Dino |- | rowspan="4" |PSV Eindhoven |2020–21 |Eredivisie |18 |3 |3 |0 |5 |2 |2 |0 |28 |5 |- |2021–22 |Eredivisie |21 |4 |4 |1 |2 |0 |2 |2 |29 |7 |- |2022–23 |Eredivisie |15 |8 |4 |1 |2 |1 | colspan="2" |— |21 |10 |- ! colspan="2" |Palogotlhe !54 !15 !11 !2 !9 !3 !4 !2 !78 !22 |- |Barcelona |2023–24 |Liga F |22 |6 |3 |0 |1 |0 |7 |0 |33 |6 |- ! colspan="3" |Palogotlhe ya tiro !66 !21 !14 !2 !10 !3 !11 !2 !101 !28 |} === Tsa boditshabatshaba === : ''Esale ka motshameko o o tshamekilweng ka Phalane a le masome a mararo le bongwe ka 2023'' {| class="wikitable" |+Iponagatso le dino go ya ka setlhopha sa setshaba le ngwaga !Setlhopha !Ngwaga !Iponagatso !Dino |- | rowspan="2" |Netherlands |2022 |11 |3 |- |2023 |15 |5 |- ! colspan="2" |Palogotlhe !26 !8 |} : ''Lenaane la dino le maduo a Netherlands pele, molokololo wa dino o supa dino morago ga nno nngwe le nngwe ya ga Brugts.'' {| class="wikitable" |+Lenaane la dino tsa boditshabatshaba tse di nositsweng ke Esmee Brugts !No. !Letsatsi !Lefelo !Moganetsi !Dino !Maduo !Kgaisano !Metswedi |- |1 |8 April 2022 |Euroborg, Groningen, Netherlands |Cyprus |12–0 |12–0 | rowspan="2" |2023 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification |<ref>"[https://www.onsoranje.nl/teams/207834/speler/25334 Esmee Brugts]". ''Ons Oranje'' (in Dutch). [[:en:Royal_Dutch_Football_Association|Royal Dutch Football Association]]. Retrieved 9 April 2022.</ref> |- |2 |6 September 2022 | rowspan="2" |Stadion Galgenwaard, Utrecht, Netherlands |Iceland |1–0 |1–0 |<ref>"[https://www.onsoranje.nl/nieuws/nederlands-vrouwenelftal/80385/brugts-schiet-oranjeleeuwinnen-blessuretijd-naar-wk Brugts schiet Oranjeleeuwinnen blessuretijd naar WK]". ''Ons Oranje'' (in Dutch). Royal Dutch Football Association. Retrieved 6 September 2022.</ref> |- |3 |11 November 2022 |Costa Rica |4–0 |4–0 |motshameko wa botsalano |<ref>"[https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2022/11/11/world/friendly-women/netherlands/costa-rica/3974988/ Netherlands vs Costa Rica - 11 November 2022]". ''int.soccerway.com''.</ref> |- |4 |21 February 2023 |National Stadium, Ta' Qali, Ta' Qali, Malta |Austria |4–0 |4–0 |motshameko wa botsalano |<ref>"[https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2023/02/21/world/friendly-women/austria/netherlands/4028877/ Austria vs Netherlands - 21 February 2023]". ''int.soccerway.com''.</ref> |- |5 | rowspan="2" |1 August 2023 | rowspan="2" |Forsyth Barr Stadium, Dunedin, New Zealand | rowspan="2" |Vietnam |3–0 | rowspan="2" |7–0 | rowspan="2" |2023 FIFA Women's World Cup | rowspan="2" |<ref>"[https://www.onsoranje.nl/teams/207834/uitslagen/wedstrijd/334117 Vietnam – Nederland]". ''www.onsoranje.nl''. Retrieved 31 October 2023.</ref> |- |6 |6–0 |- |7 |27 October 2023 |Goffertstadion, Nijmegen, Netherlands |Scotland |2–0 |4–0 | rowspan="3" |2023–24 UEFA Women's Nations League |<ref>"[https://www.onsoranje.nl/teams/207834/uitslagen/wedstrijd/334208 Nederland – Schotland]". ''www.onsoranje.nl''. Retrieved 31 October 2023.</ref> |- |8 |31 October 2023 |Hampden Park, Glasgow, Scotland |Scotland |1–0 |1–0 |<ref>"[https://www.onsoranje.nl/teams/207834/uitslagen/wedstrijd/334209 Schotland – Nederland]". ''www.onsoranje.nl''. Retrieved 31 October 2023.</ref> |} == Ditlotla == '''PSV Eindhoven''' * KNVB Women's Cup: 2020-21 '''FC Barcelona''' * Liga F: 2023–24 * Copa de la Reina: 2023–24 * Supercopa de España: 2023–24 * UEFA Women's Champions League: 2023–24<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2024/05/25/sport/barcelona-lyon-womens-champions-league-2024-spt-intl/index.html Barcelona retains Women's Champions League title, completing historic quadruple]". ''CNN''. 25 May 2024. Retrieved 25 May 2024.</ref> '''Tsa gagwe''' * IFFHS Women's Youth (U20) UEFA Team: 2023<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20240425103525/https://iffhs.com/posts/3389 IFFHS WOMEN'S YOUTH (U20) UEFA TEAM 2023]". ''IFFHS''. 7 February 2024. Retrieved 19 February 2024.</ref> == Metswedi == <references /> == External links == * [https://www.soccerdonna.de/en/esmee-brugts/profil/spieler_38418.html Esmee Brugts] at Soccerdonna * [https://int.soccerway.com/players/-/576118/ Esmee Brugts] at Soccerway eex8wv1biwukzz38jv55ss06gi2nhqs Lerato Kganyago 0 10029 52541 37838 2026-07-15T17:26:25Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 52541 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|South African actress, television personality and model}} {{Infobox person | name = Lerato Kganyago | image = | image_size = | alt = | birth_name = Lerato Kganyago | birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1982|07|22}} | birth_place = Soweto, South Africa | nationality = [[South Africa]]n | other_names = LKG | occupation = {{hlist| [[Television presenter]] | [[media personality]] | on-air personality | [[Model (person)|model]] }} | years_active = 2009–present }}'''Lerato Kganyago''' tseetswe ka 22 Phukwi 1982 kwa [[Soweto]], [[Aforika Borwa]]. Ke ene ngwana a le nosi wa batsadi ba gagwe. Lerato o na le botsalano jo bo siameng le mmaagwe, mme o tlhalosa rraagwe jaaka motho yo o senang maikutlo mo go kamanong ya bone. == '''Tsa Botshelo''' == Thuto ya ga Kganyago, o ne a tsena sekolo se se potlana kwa Ipolokeng Primary School mme a tsena sekolo sa sekontari kwa Boksburg High School, kwa a neng a ikwadisetsa teng. O ne a ya kwa Damelin College kwa a neng a bona Dipoloma ya Maeto le Bojanala le Dikamano le Setshaba. == '''Kamano''' == Lerato o nyetswe ke mogwebi wa Gauteng, Thami Ndlela ka lenyalo la setso ka 2020. Lenyalo la bone la setso le ne la tshwarwa ka nako ya leroborobo la mogare wa Corona(Covid-19), mme go ne ga tsewa dikgato tsotlhe tsa go itshireletsa. Banyalani bano ga ba a ka ba nna mmogo lobaka lo loleele, ba ne ba kgaogana dikgwedi di le pedi fela morago ga lenyalo la bone la setso.Ka 2015, Kganyago o ne a senyegelwa ke mpa mme ka nako ya puisano ya Real Talk ya ga Anele Mdoda o ne a senola gore tota o kile a senyegelwa ke mpa gabedi. O ne a bolela gore o ne a na le di-fibroid tse a neng a di ntsha mme di ne di boile di dira gore go nne motlhofo gore a senye mpa gape. == '''Ka Tiro''' == Ka 2015, o ne a tsenela SABC2 soapie Muvhango ka karolo ya Mmasebotsana Primrose Mojalefa, a le bontle le mosadi wa kgwebo mo a neng a simolola go tshameka ka Labone, 11 Seetebosigo 2015. E ne e le molekane mo FTV (Centurion) franchise mme o na le Black Angel, khampani ya tsamaiso ya ditiragalo. O dirile ditumalano le Lefapha la Thuto la Gauteng, Face of Jawad Products kwa Lesotho, Revlon, Always Ultra Campaigns, Silver Star Casino, le Tropica mmogo le go tshwara meletlo ya mmino jaaka MC. Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe 2024 e ne e le moatlhodi wa Miss South Africa 2024.<ref>Lerato Kganyago's Miss SA rants draw attention, SA calls for petition to have her removed as a judge (msn.com)</ref> == Dikgele == O ne a bona dikgele ka ntlha ya bokgoni le go ratega ga gagwe go Best Presenter Award at SAFTAs 2018 le Golden Horn Award for Best TV Presenter. [[Category: Lerato Kganyago]] [[Category: LKG]] 2qhrg7tu36euqgkj2bjcq39qblgqlmu 52542 52541 2026-07-15T17:27:22Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 52542 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|South African actress, television personality and model}} {{Infobox person | name = Lerato Kganyago | image = | image_size = | alt = | birth_name = Lerato Kganyago | birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1982|07|22}} | birth_place = Soweto, South Africa | nationality = [[South Africa]]n | other_names = LKG | occupation = {{hlist| [[Television presenter]] | [[media personality]] | on-air personality | [[Model (person)|model]] }} | years_active = 2009–present }}'''Lerato Kganyago''' tseetswe ka 22 Phukwi 1982 kwa [[Soweto]], [[Aforika Borwa]]. Ke ene ngwana a le nosi wa batsadi ba gagwe. Lerato o na le botsalano jo bo siameng le mmaagwe, mme o tlhalosa rraagwe jaaka motho yo o senang maikutlo mo go kamanong ya bone. == '''Tsa Botshelo''' == Thuto ya ga Kganyago, o ne a tsena sekolo se se potlana kwa Ipolokeng Primary School mme a tsena sekolo sa sekontari kwa Boksburg High School, kwa a neng a ikwadisetsa teng. O ne a ya kwa Damelin College kwa a neng a bona Dipoloma ya Maeto le Bojanala le Dikamano le Setshaba. == '''Kamano''' == Lerato o nyetswe ke mogwebi wa Gauteng, Thami Ndlela ka lenyalo la setso ka 2020. Lenyalo la bone la setso le ne la tshwarwa ka nako ya leroborobo la mogare wa Corona(Covid-19), mme go ne ga tsewa dikgato tsotlhe tsa go itshireletsa<ref>https://www.ecr.co.za/news/entertainment/pics-lerato-kganyagos-traditional-wedding/</ref>. Banyalani bano ga ba a ka ba nna mmogo lobaka lo loleele, ba ne ba kgaogana dikgwedi di le pedi fela morago ga lenyalo la bone la setso.Ka 2015, Kganyago o ne a senyegelwa ke mpa mme ka nako ya puisano ya Real Talk ya ga Anele Mdoda o ne a senola gore tota o kile a senyegelwa ke mpa gabedi. O ne a bolela gore o ne a na le di-fibroid tse a neng a di ntsha mme di ne di boile di dira gore go nne motlhofo gore a senye mpa gape. == '''Ka Tiro''' == Ka 2015, o ne a tsenela SABC2 soapie Muvhango ka karolo ya Mmasebotsana Primrose Mojalefa, a le bontle le mosadi wa kgwebo mo a neng a simolola go tshameka ka Labone, 11 Seetebosigo 2015. E ne e le molekane mo FTV (Centurion) franchise mme o na le Black Angel, khampani ya tsamaiso ya ditiragalo. O dirile ditumalano le Lefapha la Thuto la Gauteng, Face of Jawad Products kwa Lesotho, Revlon, Always Ultra Campaigns, Silver Star Casino, le Tropica mmogo le go tshwara meletlo ya mmino jaaka MC. Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe 2024 e ne e le moatlhodi wa Miss South Africa 2024.<ref>Lerato Kganyago's Miss SA rants draw attention, SA calls for petition to have her removed as a judge (msn.com)</ref> == Dikgele == O ne a bona dikgele ka ntlha ya bokgoni le go ratega ga gagwe go Best Presenter Award at SAFTAs 2018 le Golden Horn Award for Best TV Presenter. [[Category: Lerato Kganyago]] [[Category: LKG]] 4ev4xxd896dyj6cvlzrl4sspy039wtv Kaone Boko 0 11058 52581 42427 2026-07-16T09:52:38Z Lucrucia98 12161 52581 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Kaone Boko|birth_place=[[Moshupa]]|education=Bachelor of Laws - kwa [[Mmadikolo wa Botswana]]|occupation=Mmueledi, [[Mosadi wa ntlha wa Botswana]]|known for=Tsa boutlwelobotlhoko, mmueledi wa tsa molao wa kgwebo|notable works=Go buelela bana le basadi, botsogo jwa basadi, ditiro tsa boutlwelobotlhoko di tshwana le go aba mesangwana ya basadi|spouse=[[Duma Boko|Duma Gideon Boko]] ka 2015|children=Ba na le bana}} '''Kaone Tumalano Boko''' ke mmueledi wa Motswana ebile ke ene [[mosadi wa ntlha wa Botswana]] mo nakong ya gompieno<ref name=":0">[https://oaflad.org/en/oaflad_members/h-e-mrs-kaone-boko/ "H.E. Mrs. Kaone Boko]". [[:en:Organization_of_African_First_Ladies_for_Development|''Organization of African First Ladies for Development''.]] Retrieved 2025-09-26</ref> oo tsholetsweng a bo a godisiwa kwa [[Moshupa]].<ref name=":1">Youth, Botswana (2024-11-02). [https://www.botswanayouth.com/kaone-boko-10-things-you-should-know-about-botswanas-first-lady/ "Kaone Boko: 10 Things You Should Know About Botswana's First Lady"]. ''Botswana Youth Magazine''. Retrieved 2025-09-26.</ref> O ne a simolola go itsege morago ga ditlhopho le go tlhomamisiwa ga monna wa gagwe, tautona [[Duma Boko|Duma Gideon Boko]] ka kgwedi a Ngwanatsele ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024).<ref name=":2">Rice, Lewis. [https://hls.harvard.edu/today/duma-boko-ll-m-95-wins-historic-victory-to-become-president-of-botswana/ "Duma Boko Leads Botswana After a Historic Victory".] ''Harvard Law School''. Retrieved 2025-09-26.</ref> Jaaka, mosadi wa ntlha, o nnile le seabe mo ditirong tsa semmuso tsa lefatshe, le go tsaya karolo mo mananenong a a amanang le tlhokomelo ya bana le basadi.<ref name=":2" /> == Botshelo jwa a le mmotlana le thuto == O tsene sekolo kwa sekolong se segolwane sa [[Lobatse]] Senior Secondary, kwa a ileng a nna le kgatlhego mo bobueleding le molao.<ref name=":1" /> Kaone Boko o tsene sekolo kwa [[Mmadikolo wa Botswana|Mmadikolo,]] kwa a neng a aloga ka dithuto tsa molao.<ref name=":1" /> Go begiwa fa a dira dithuto tsa Masters in Law. O nnile le kitso mo go tsa boeteledipele jwa dikgwebo, go thibela go bona morokotso wa madi ka tsela e e seng ka fa molaong, le go sireletsa dithoto.<ref name=":1" /> == Tiro ya gagwe mo go tsa molao == Kaone Boko ke mmueledi wa tsa kgwebo le thekiso, a na le sebaka sa dingwaga di le lesome a ntse a bereka tiro e.<ref name=":2" /> O bereketse diofisi tsa molao tse di ikemetseng, a gakolola ka go sala molao morago ga dikgwebo, o nnile mo maemong a le mmalwa, a rotloetsa go sa fitlhe sepe, go tsaya boikarabelo le go dira dilo ka fa molaong.<ref name=":0" /> Tiro ya gagwe e tswelela le mo go direleng setšhaba, go akaretsa go gakolola setšhaba ka tsa molao. O nnile le seabe mo go tsa boutlwelobotlhoko, di akaretsa go tsaya karolo mo meletlong ya go aba mesangwana ya bomme.<ref>[https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/xw/zwbd/202501/t20250127_11546408.html? "Chinese Ambassador to Botswana Fan Yong Attends the Handover Ceremony of China-donated Sanitary Pads_Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China".] ''www.fmprc.gov.cn''. Retrieved 2025-09-26.</ref> == Tiro ya gagwe jaaka mosadi wa ntlha == Kaone Boko o nnile mo maemong a go nna mosadi wa ntlha ka Ngwanatsele a robabobedi ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024), morago ga go tlhomamisiwa semmusu ga monna wa gagwe, [[Duma Boko]] go nna tautona wa lefatshe.<ref>[https://www.reutersconnect.com/item/inauguration-of-newly-elected-president-of-botswana-duma-boko-in-gaborone/dGFnOnJldXRlcnMuY29tLDIwMjQ6bmV3c21sX1JDMlcwQkFWODJYTQ "Inauguration of newly elected president of Botswana, Duma Boko, in Gaborone".] ''Reuters Connect''. Retrieved 2025-09-26.</ref> O tshwaraganetse tiro le tautona kwa ditirong tsa semmuso ebile o tsere karolo mo dikgannyeng tse di amang basadi le bana.<ref>[https://bw.china-embassy.gov.cn/eng/sgxw/202501/t20250124_11544844.htm? "Ambassador Fan Yong attended the handover ceremony of China-donated sanitary pads_Embassy of the People's Republic of China in the Republic of Botswana".] ''bw.china-embassy.gov.cn''. Retrieved 2025-09-26.</ref><ref>[https://www.africa-press.net/botswana/all-news/first-lady-to-tackle-children-issues "First Lady to Tackle Children Issues".] ''Botswana''. 2024-12-21. Retrieved 2025-09-26.</ref> Mananeo a gagwe a akareditse go etela mafelo a pelegi le a bana kwa a rotloeditseng botsogo jwa basadi, bophepa le go rotloetsa banana.<ref>News Editor (2025-03-14). [https://www.botswanayouth.com/first-lady-kaone-boko-engages-women-and-children-in-maun/ "First Lady Kaone Boko Engages Women and Children in Maun".] ''Botswana Youth Magazine''. Retrieved 2025-09-26.</ref> Boko o buisitse setšhaba ka mathata a go tlhoka go ja sentle ga bana le go ima ga banana, a lebaganya bubueledi jwa gagwe le dikgang tse di amang setšhaba.<ref>[https://www.africa-press.net/botswana/all-news/empower-young-girls-first-lady "Empower Young Girls - First Lady".] ''Botswana''. 2025-02-19. Retrieved 2025-09-26.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025), o ne a tsweledisa tiro e e itebagantseng le go tokafatsa dikago tsa dikolo le go ema nokeng gokgona go stena sekolo mo magaeng a tshwana le [[Sankoyo]].<ref>[https://www.wildernessdestinations.com/press-room/wilderness-botswana-first-lady-continued-support-at-sankoyo-primary-school "Wilderness Botswana: First Lady's visit highlights continued support at Sankoyo primary school"]. ''Wilderness''. Retrieved 2025-09-26.</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == O tsene mo lonyalong le Duma Gideon Boko, tautona wa borataro wa lefatshe la Botswana, ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015).Bobedi bo bo na le bana, bo tshela botshelo jo bo iketlileng.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Duma-Boko "Duma Boko | Biography, Education, Wife, Age, & Facts | Britannica".] ''www.britannica.com''. 2025-09-23. Retrieved 2025-09-26.</ref> Lonyalo lwa bone lo ne lwa segofadiwa ke Moruti [[Mmoloki Mogokgwane]] wa kereke ya [[Apostolic Faith Mission]] kwa [[Mogoditshane]], ba supa bodumedi jwa bone.<ref name=":1" /> == Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe == * [[Mosadi wa ntlha wa Botswana]] == Metswedi == tn8bn2xq1xva8t4uawtip5srtkh0qhd Godfrey Gaoseb 0 11258 52563 44743 2026-07-16T05:59:25Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52563 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Godfrey Gaoseb|office=Mogakolodi o o faphegileng wa itsholelo|president=Sam Nujoma Hifikepunye Pohamba|termstart=2001|termend=2012|birth_date=1941, Lwetse a le lesome le bosupa|birth_place=Otjiwarongo|death_date=2014 Mopitlo a le lesome le borataro|death_place=Sepatela sa Katutura|citizenship=Namibia|nationality=Namibian|spouse=Charity Mulopei Mungana Gaoses|alma_mater=Stockholm University|occupation=Wa Itsholelo Mopolotiki|education=Sekolo se segolwane sa Augustineum}} '''Godfrey IKhaesen Gaoseb''' (o o tshotsweng ka Lwetse a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa 1941 a tlhokafala ka Mopitlo a le lesome le borataro ngwaga wa 2014) e ne e le mmereki wa puso kwa [[Namibia]] ebile e le maitseanape a tsa itsholelo. O berekile e le mokwaledi wa ntlha wa sennela ruri mo lephateng la Namibia la madi morago ga boipuso jwa Namibia, o berekile gape e le mookamedi wa [[World Bank]] le mogakolodi o o faphegileng wa tsa itsholelo wa botautona jwa ga [[Sam Nujoma]] le [[Hifikepunye Pohamba]].<ref name=":0">Nakale, Albertina. "[https://neweralive.na/godfrey-gaoseb/ Godfrey Gaoseb is no more"]. ''New Era''. Retrieved 09 October 2025.</ref> == Botshelo jwa a ale mmotlana le thuto == Gaoseb o tshotswe ka Lwetse a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa 1942, kwa [[Otjiwarongo]] kwa Namibia, batsadi ba gagwe e le Lise Gaoses le Kraai Hoeseb. O tsene sekolo sa Mine Plus kwa [[Tsumeb]] a tswelela kwa [[Sekolo se segolwane sa Augustineum|sekolong se segolwane sa Augustineum]] kwa [[Okahandja]], kwa a neng a tsenelela dithuto le baeteledipele ba maemo ba Namibia jaaka [[Hage Geingob]], [[Mose Tjitendero]], [[Joseph Ithana]] le [[Hidipo Hamutenya]]. O ne a tshaba ka 1962 e le leloko la SWANU, go nna bontlha jwa go lwela kgololesego le go ikoketsa mo dithutong.<ref name=":0" /><ref>https://search.archives.un.org/uploads/r/united-nations-archives/c/f/8/cf808036f7af2919ff8d023ab5331db6dbaf1af8904bfc7dbbcfd0a16b7b3e3a/S-0902-0007-07-00001.pdf</ref><ref>Agency, United States Central Intelligence (1965). [https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=v8GwWupr4MMC&dq=Godfrey+Gaoseb&pg=PA20&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Godfrey%20Gaoseb&f=false ''Daily Report, Foreign Radio Broadcasts''.]</ref> Gaoseb o ne a tsaya loeto mo [[Botswana]] le kwa e neng e le botlhaba jwa [[Rhodesia]] (kwa e leng [[Zimbabwe]] gompieno)  le kwa [[Dar es Salaam]] kwa [[Tanganyika]] (kwa e leng [[Tanzania]] gompieno).<ref>https://search.archives.un.org/uploads/r/united-nations-archives/8/7/6/8764a911e2b9e25c06b7e6204e58cd0e1efd30e115d292d1b3202f83bc4ee06e/S-0504-0124-0030-00001.PDF</ref><ref>Müller, Johann Alexander (2012). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=NXiOAQAAQBAJ&dq=Godfrey+Gaoseb&pg=PA109&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Godfrey%20Gaoseb&f=false "The Inevitable Pipeline Into Exile]": Botswana's Role in the Namibian Liberation Struggle''. Basler Afrika Bibliographien. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-3-905758-29-0|<bdi>978-3-905758-29-0</bdi>.]]</ref> Go tswa kwa Dar es Salaam, o ne a ya [[Accra]] kwa [[Ghana]] ka 1964 go fetsa dithuto tsa gagwe kwa Accra Academy. Ka nako ya fa a le kwa Ghana, o ne a lalediwa ke [[Kwame Nkrumah]],tautona wa Ghana gore ba buisane ka seabe sa banana mo kgololesegong ya Borwa jwa Aforika. Ka 1966,Gaoseb o ne a tswelela kwa Sweden go ithutela itsholelo kwa [[Stockholm University.]]<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20251118135328/https://nai.uu.se/library/resources/liberation-africa/interviews/zedika-ngavirue.html Zedika Ngavirue – The Nordic Africa Institute]". ''nai.uu.se''. Retrieved 09 October 2025.</ref> O ne a aloga ka BA le MA mo go tsa itsholelo, di banka le madi. Morago o ne a berekwa kwa lephateng la madi la Sweden.<ref name=":0" /> == Tsa pereko == Ka ngwaga wa 1981, Goaseb o ne a boela Aforika a simolola go bereka kwa [[United Nations Institute for Namibia]] kwa [[Lusaka]] [[Zambia]], e le ramatlotlo. O ne a nna leloko la SWAPO ka 1982.<ref name=":0" /> Gaoseb o ne a boela Namibia ka 1989 ka nako ya fa go tlhomiwa molao wa tshireletso wa makgolo mane, masome a mararo le botlhano. O nnile mokwaledi mogolo wa sennela ruri wa ntlha mo lephateng la madi morago ga boipuso jwa Namibia ka 1990.<ref>[https://opendocs.ids.ac.uk/articles/online_resource/Namibia_Briefing_Who_s_Who_and_What_s_What_/26482087 "Namibia Briefing: Who's Who and What's What?"] (PDF). 31 December 1990.</ref><ref>Sellström, Tor (1999). [https://nai.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A241772&dswid=4405 ''Sweden and National Liberation in Southern Africa: Solidarity and assistance, 1970–1994''.] Nordic Africa Institute. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-91-7106-448-6|<bdi>978-91-7106-448-6</bdi>.]]</ref><ref>Ramamurthy, Subra (12 February 2019). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=0JeHDwAAQBAJ&dq=Godfrey+Gaoseb&pg=PT82&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Godfrey%20Gaoseb&f=false Pursuing Financial Reforms Across Countries: Perils, Stresses and Rewards: An Exposé by an International Financial Specialist]''. Notion Press. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-68466-522-8|<bdi>978-1-68466-522-8</bdi>.]]</ref><ref>[https://www.klausdierks.com/Chronology/135.htm "135-1993"]. ''klausdierks.com''. Retrieved 09 October 2025.</ref> Gaoseb o nnile mo maemong ao go fitlhelela ka 1996 fa a tswa kwa Namibia go emela lefatshe la gagwe,<ref>Law, Claitors (1999). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=HR2YXTtpUAcC&dq=Godfrey+Gaoseb&pg=PA926&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Godfrey%20Gaoseb&f=false Official Congressional Directory 1999–2000]''. Claitors Pub Division. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-57980-443-5|<bdi>978-1-57980-443-5</bdi>.]]</ref> le go bereka e le mookamedi wa World Bank.<ref>[https://www.worldbank.org/en/about/leadership/directors/eds14/photo-gallery "EDS14 Photo Gallery"]. World Bank. Retrieved 09 October 2025</ref> O boetse kwa Namibia ka 2000. Ka 2001, Tautona Sam Nujoma o ne a mo tlhopha go nna mogakolodi wa gagwe o o faphegileng, mo go tsa itsholelo.<ref>[https://allafrica.com/stories/200103290154.html "Namibia: President Adds to Growing Posse of Advisors".] The Namibian (Windhoek). 29 March 2001. Retrieved 09 October 2026</ref><ref>[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=cGtU2HOkPA0C&q=Godfrey+Gaoseb+economic+advisor&redir_esc=y ''Chiefs of State and Cabinet Members of Foreign Governments''.] The Center. 2003.</ref> Gaoseb o berekile e le mogakolodi wa ga tautona mo go tsa itsholelo, a gakolola tautona Hifikepunye Pohamba o a neng a tlhatlhama Sam Nujoma ka 2005. Gaoseb o ne a ithola marapo mo go tsa pereko ka 2012. Ka nako ya gagwe mo pusong, Gaoseb o ne a na le seabe mo go tlhamiweng ga dikgwebotsa puso jaaka ya madi a bagodi, ya go tlhokomela maphata a madi, le dikotsi tse di faphegileng, mo go tse dingwe.<ref name=":0" /> == Botshelo jwa gagwe le loso == Gaoseb o ne a nyala mosadi wa gagwe, Charity Mulopei Mungana Gaoses, ka 1983 kwa Lusaka, Zambia. O tlhokafetse ka Mopitlo a le lesome le borataro ngwaga wa 2014, a le dingwaga di le masome a supa le bobedi, morago ga gore a we mo ditepising tsa ntlo ya gagwe kwaWindhoek ka phoso. Go ya ka mosadi wa gagwe, o ne a wa mme a idibala. O ne a ragogesediwa kwa sepateleng sa puso sa Katutura, kwa a neng a nna mo kidibalong go fitlhelela a tlhokafala morago ga dibeke ste pedi. Moletlo wa segopotso sa gagwe o ne o tshwaretswe kwa kerekeng ya Lutere, o ne a bolokwa ka mopitlo a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa 2014, kwa mabitleng a Pioneer Park. O tlogetse mosadi, barwadie ba le babedi, bana ba bana, kgaitsadie a le nosi le ditlogolo tsa basetsana.<ref name=":0" /> == Metswedi == 3cqh65rt6j277mejydsc7tqj3t3ppfq Molaomotheo wa Botswana 0 11450 52585 49726 2026-07-16T11:26:39Z Lame Ralosetlha 12932 Created by translating the section "Background" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1361463677|Constitution of Botswana]]" 52585 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Molaomotheo wa Botswana''' o simolotse ka Lwetse a le masome a mararo, 1966.<ref>"Botswana : Constitution and politics | The Commonwealth". ''thecommonwealth.org''.</ref> == Kwa morago == Pele ga puso ya bokolone e tlhongwa mo Botswana, molaomotheo wa setso – setlhopha sa melao e e itsiweng jaaka ''molao'' – o ne o dirisiwa ke dikgosi tsa merafe, kgotsa [[Kgosi|diKgosi]], tsa [[Batho ba letso la Setswana|batho ba Botswana]].<ref>Mafela, Lily (2007-12-15). "Batswana Women and Law". ''Cahiers d'études africaines''. '''47''' (187–188): 523–566. [[doi]]:[[doi:10.4000/etudesafricaines.7962|10.4000/etudesafricaines.7962]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0008-0055 0008-0055].</ref> Mo dingwageng tsa ntlha tsa [[Bechuanaland|Tshireletso ya Bechuanaland]], bangwe ba e seng ba Botswana le bone ba ne ba tla go busiwa ke melao e.<ref>Griffiths, J.E.S. (1970). [[:en:JSTOR_(identifier)|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/40980765 40980765] "A Note on Local Government in Botswana"]. ''Botswana Notes and Records''. '''2''': 64–70</ref> Batsamaisi ba Protectorate ba ne ba boloka dikarolo, le fa e se tsotlhe, tsa molaomotheo ono wa setso; bontsi jwa yone bo fedile gompieno.<ref>Woolrych, Austin (1990). "The Cromwellian Protectorate: A Military Dictatorship?". ''History''. '''75''': 207–231.</ref> Ka 1959, Komiti ya Molaomotheo ya Lekgotla le le Kopanetsweng la Bogakolodi e ne ya thala molaomotheo wa ntlha wa semmuso wa Protectorate, o o neng wa simolola go dira ka 1960.<ref name=":0">Barry, Morton. ''Historical dictionary of Botswana''. Ramsay, Jeff, Based on (work): Morton, Fred, (5th ed.). Lanham, Maryland. ISBN 9781538111321. [[:en:OCLC_(identifier)|OCLC]] [[oclc:1037884220|1037884220]].</ref> Ka 1963 go ne ga simolola ditherisano tsa molaomotheo wa bobedi o o neng o tla naya puso ya go ipusa.<ref name=":0" /> [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 1965]] di ne tsa tshwarwa ka fa tlase ga molaomotheo ono, o o neng o tshwantshediwa ke [[tsamaiso ya Westminster]] ya [[puso ya batho ka batho ya palamente]]: go ne go na le lekgotla la peomolao la kamore e le nngwe; tona-kgolo le kabinete ya ditona di le tlhano tse di nang le maikarabelo mo lekgotleng la peomolao; le [[Ntlo ya Dikgosi tsa Botswana|Ntlo ya Dikgosi]] e e nang le therisano fela.<ref name=":0" /> Fa Botswana e ne e bona boipuso jo bo tletseng ka Lwetse a le masome mararo 1966, tonakgolo e ne ya emisediwa ka tautona yo o neng a tlhophilwe ke lekgotla la peomolao (e e neng ya bidiwa [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Khuduthamaga ya Botswana]]), mme ya newa dithata tsa bokhuduthamaga.<ref>Sebudubudu, David (December 2011). "Wealth Sharing for Conflict Prevention and Economic Growth: Botswana Case Study of Natural Resource Utilization For Peace and Development". ''University of Botswana''.</ref> Motseletsele wa diphetogo tse di dirilweng moragonyana tsa Molaomotheo o okeditse palo ya maloko a a tlhophilweng a Khuduthamaga ya Botswana le bogolo jwa Ntlo ya Dikgosi. Diphetogo tse dingwe tsa molaomotheo di dirilwe ka 1994 le 1997.<ref>Poteete, Amy. (2018). Renegotiation of Executive Powers and Executive–Legislative Relations in Botswana.</ref> == Popego == Molaomotheo o kgaogantswe ka dikgaolo di ferabongwe, nngwe le nngwe e tlhalosa ka botlalo dikarolo tse di rileng jaaka ditshwanelo tsa motho ka bongwe le go abela dithata tsa khuduthamaga.<ref name=":1">[https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Botswana_2002?lang=en "Botswana 1966 (rev. 2002)"]. ''Constitute''. Retrieved 22 Phalane 2025.</ref> # Rephaboliki # Tshireletso ya Ditshwanelo tsa Motheo le Dikgololesego tsa Motho # Boagi # Khuduthamaga # Palamente # Boatlhodi # Tirelosetšhaba # Madi # Tsele le tsele === Rephaboliki === Karolo e e itsise gore Botswana ke setšhaba se se ikemetseng ga mmogo le go tlhalosa sekano sa setšhaba.<ref name=":1" /> === Tshireletso ya Ditshwanelo tsa Motheo le Dikgololesego tsa Motho === Karolo eno e tlhalosa ditshwanelo tsa baagi. E simolola ka go bolela gore mongwe le mongwe o netefaleditswe ditshwanelo go sa kgathalesege gore ke wa morafe ofe, wa tumelo efe kgotsa wa bong bofe. Ditshwanelo di ka tsela e e latelang: "(a) botshelo, kgololesego, tshireletsego ya motho le tshireletso ya molao; (b) kgololesego ya segakolodi, ya go tlhagisa maikutlo le ya go kokoana le go kopana; le (c) tshireletso ya sephiri sa legae la gagwe le dithoto tse dingwe le go amogwa dithoto kwa ntle ga pusetso ya maikaelelo a, tshireletso ya ditshwanelo le dikgololesego tseo go ikaegilwe ka ditekanyetso tsa tshireletso eo jaaka di le mo dipeelong tseo, e le ditekanyetso tse di diretsweng go netefatsa gore go itumelela ditshwanelo le dikgololesego tse di umakilweng ke motho mongwe le mongwe ga go kgoreletse ditshwanelo le dikgololesego tsa batho ba bangwe kgotsa dikgatlhego tsa setšhaba. === Khuduthamaga === Karolo e e tlhalosa lekala la khuduthamaga le le akaretsang Tautona, Mothusa Tautona, le Kabinete.<ref name=":1" /> ==== Tautona ==== Tautona ke mokhuduthamaga yo mogolo wa puso. Tautona o tlhophiwa go nna tautona ke maloko a Kokoano Bosetšhaba. Maloko ano a bolela mo pampiring ya ditlhopho gore ba tla tshegetsa mang go nna Tautona fa ba ka tlhophiwa, mme morago ga go tlhophiwa kwa Khuduthamageng ya Botswana ba tlhopha ope fela yo ba supileng fa ba tla mo tlhopha go nna Tautona. Tautona o na le ditlhokego tse di latelang: (a) ke moagi wa Botswana ka botsalo kgotsa lotso; (b) a fitlheletse dingwaga di le masome mararo; le (c) a tshwanelega go tlhophiwa jaaka Leloko la Khuduthamaga ya Botswana. Paka ya boTautona e lekanyeditswe go fitlha go dingwaga di le lesome, kgotsa gore Tautona o nne lobaka lo lo kana kang mo Khuduthamageng ya Botswana.<ref name=":1" /> Thata ya khuduthamaga ya Botswana e mo go Tautona fela. Tautona gape ke molaodi wa sesole. Tautona gape o na le dithata tsa go itshwarela motho yo o bonweng molato wa bosenyi.<ref name=":1" /> ==== Mothusa-Tautona ==== Mothusa Tautona o tlhophiwa ke Tautona go tswa mo malokong a Khuduthamaga ya Botswana. Mothusa Tautona o tsaya marapo a ga Tautona fa Tautona a sa kgone go diragatsa ditiro tsa gagwe e ka nna ka ntlha ya bolwetse, loso, kgotsa mabaka a mangwe.<ref name=":1" /> Mothusa Tautona ke wa bobedi mo taolong ya ga Tautona mme o diragatsa ditiro tsa ga Tautona.<ref name=":1" /> ==== Kabinete ==== Kabinete eno e bopilwe ke Tautona, Mothusa Tautona le matona a a sa feteng thataro tse di tlhomilweng ke Tautona go tswa kwa Khuduthamageng ya Botswana. Matona a a mo Kabineteng a na le maikarabelo a go gakolola Tautona mabapi le melawana ya puso.<ref name=":1" /> === Palamente === Karolo e e tlhalosa bobedi jwa Khuduthamaga ya Botswana mmogo le Ntlo ya Dikgosi tse mmogo di bopang Palamente ya Botswana.<ref name=":1" /> ==== Khuduthamaga ya Botswana ==== Palamente e na le Tautona le Khuduthamaga ya Botswana. Tautona ke leloko le le nang le ditlhopho la Khuduthamaga. Go na le maloko a mangwe a le masome matlhano le bosupa a a tlhophilweng a Khuduthamaga. Gape go na le sebui sa Khuduthamaga se se tlhophiwang ke maloko a Khuduthamaga, mme ga go tlhokege gore e nne leloko la Khuduthamaga ka boene. Gape go na le mothusa sebui se se tlhophilweng ke Khuduthamaga.<ref name=":1" /> Ka tatelano gore motho a tshwanelege go nna leloko la Khuduthamaga o tshwanetse go: nna moagi wa Botswana, a bo a na le dingwaga di le lesome le boferabobedi, a ikwadisitse go tlhopha, e bile a itse go bua le go bala ka Seesemane. Go na le maemo a mantsi a a dirang gore leloko le se ka la tshwanelega, bontsi jwa one a amana le go ikanyega mo mafatsheng a mangwe.<ref name=":1" /> Lefatshe la Botswana le kgaogantswe ka dipalo tsa dikgaolo tsa botlhophi tse ba nang le maloko a palamente gore kgaolo nngwe le nngwe e romele leloko le le lengwe kwa Khuduthamageng. Batho ba Botswana ba tshwanelwa ke go tlhopha fa ba le: lesome le boferabobedi, baagi, mme ba ntse mo Botswana dikgwedi di le lesome le bobedi ka go latelana.<ref name=":1" /> ==== Ntlo ya Dikgosi ==== Mo godimo ga palamente, Botswana gape o na le [[Ntlo ya Dikgosi tsa Botswana|Ntlo ya Dikgosi]]. Ntlo ya Dikgosi e dira jaaka lekgotla le le gakololang Palamente ya Botswana. E na le maloko a le masome mararo le boraro go ya go a le masome mararo le botlhano. Gore motho a tshwanelege go nna leloko o tshwanetse go nna le dingwaga di le masome mabedi le motso e bile e le moagi. Go na le maemo a a tshwanang a a kgaolang setheo seno jaaka go na le a [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Khuduthamaga]]. Leloko le tlhomiwa dipaka tsa dingwaga di le tlhano. Ga go leloko lepe le le ka tsayang karolo mo dipolotiking tsa lekoko, mme maloko a le mantsi ke dikgosi tsa merafe. Setlhopha seno ga se na maatla a go dira melao, go akaretsa le maatla a go amogela kgotsa a go thibela, go na le moo ba gakolola Palamente ka ga melaokakanyetso le dikgato. Maatla a setheo se nang le one ke go bitsa maloko a puso go tlhagelela fa pele ga sone.<ref name=":1" /> === Boatlhodi === Karolo e e tlhalosa dikarolo tse di farologaneng tsa boatlhodi mo Botswana go akaretsa Kgotlakgolo ya Ditsheko, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo, le Khomišene ya Tirelo ya Boatlhodi.<ref name=":1" /> ==== Kgotlakgolo ya Ditsheko ==== Kgotlakgolo ya Ditsheko ya Botswana e dira jaaka motswedi o o kwa godimo wa semolao, o mo go ona kgotlatshekelo e nang le taolo e e senang selekanyo ya tshimologo ya go reetsa dikgetsi dipe fela. Kgotlakgolo e na le [[Moatlhodimogolo]] mmogo le baatlhodi ba bangwe ba le mmalwa, ba mo go bone palo e laolwang ke Palamente. Moatlhodimogolo o tlhomiwa ke Tautona, mmogo le Baatlhodi ba bangwe botlhe mme bano ba ka gakololwa Tautona ke Palamente. Gore motho a tshwanelege go nna moatlhodi mo kgotlatshekelong e o tshwanetse a bo a nnile moatlhodi, a nnile mmueledi, a nnile moporofesa wa molao yo o nang le dithuto tsa molao, kgotsa a nnile Mmakaseterata yo Mogolo. Go tlhomiwa mo kgotlatshekelong e ke go fitlha motho a fitlha dingwaga di le masome a supa. Lebaka le lengwe fela le le ka dirang gore moatlhodi a tswe mo kgotlakgolong ya ditsheko ke fa Palamente e swetsa gore motho ga a tlhole a kgona go dira ditiro tsa gagwe sentle.<ref name=":1" /> Kgotlakgolo ya Ditsheko e na le dithata tsa go ranola molaomotheo. Fa go na le go sa dumalane ka tlhaloso epe, go sa dumalane moo go rarabololwa ke Kgotlakgolo ya Ditsheko.<ref name=":1" /> ==== Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo ==== Kgotlatshekelo ya boikuelo e na le tshwanelo ya go reetsa kgetse nngwe le nngwe mo Botswana e mo go yone lekoko le lengwe le ikuetseng ka tshwetso e e bonweng. Kgotlatshekelo eno e na le [[Tautona wa Kgotlatshekelo]] ya boikuelo, baatlhodi ba bangwe ba le mmalwa, le Kgotlatshekelokgolo yotlhe. Fela jaaka Kgotlatshekelokgolo, Tautona o tlhomiwa ke Tautona fela jaaka baatlhodi ba bangwe, ka kgakololo ya Palamente. Gore motho a tshwanelege o tshwanetse a bo a ne a le moatlhodi, mmueledi kgotsa moporofesara wa molao. Jaaka go ntse ka Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko motho o tlhomiwa go fitlha a nna dingwaga di le masome a supa, fa e se fela fa Palamente e sa fitlhele a sa kgone ka nako ya fa a le mo tirong.<ref name=":1" /> ==== Kokoano ya Tirelo ya Boatlhodi ==== Kokoano ya Tirelo ya Boatlhodi e tlhamilwe go thusa go gakolola Tautona ka ga ditlhopho tsa boatlhodi. E na le Moatlhodimogolo, Tautona wa Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo, Mmueledi-mogolo, Modulasetilo wa Kokoano ya Tirelosetšhaba, leloko la Mokgatlho wa Molao le le tlhophilweng ke [[Mokgatlho wa Molao]], le motho yo o ikanyegang le a na le maitemogelo yo e seng modiri wa semolao yo o tlhomilweng ke Tautona.<ref name=":1" /> === Tirelosetšhaba === Karolo e e tlhalosa ka botlalo melao le melawana mabapi le tirelosetšhaba. Karolo e e bolela gore sengwe le sengwe se se sa tlhalosiwang mo molaomotheong kgotsa ka molao wa Palamente se tla nna ka fa tlase ga taolo ya ga Tautona. Gape go tla nna le Khuduthamaga ya Tirelo ya Setšhaba ya maloko a le mabedi go ya kwa go bone a a direlang dipaka tsa dingwaga di le tharo. Kokoano eno e reetsa boikuelo jotlhe jwa badiredipuso ba ba tlositsweng mo maemong a bone mme ba rata go boela kwa go one. Fa motho a sa dumalane le katlholo ya kokoano eno a ka ikuela ka tlhamalalo kwa go Tautona. Tautona o letleletswe go thapa kgotsa go tlosa batho go ya go kgotsa go tswa mo go: Moemedi, Moemedi Mogolo, Mokwaledi wa Kabinete, Mmueledikakaretso, Mokaedi wa Bosekisi jwa Setšhaba, Mokwaledi wa Leruri, Molaodi wa Sepodisi, le f. ofisi epe e nngwe ya maemo a a kwa godimo. Karolo eno gape e tlhoma dipeelo tse di ntšhwafadiwang tsa dingwaga di le tlhano tsa Mokaedi wa Botšhotšhisi jwa Setšhaba mmogo le go tlhoma tekanyetso ya dingwaga di le 60 tsa Mokaedi wa Bosekisi jwa Setšhaba le Modupi-Mogolo. Kwa bofelong, karolo e e sireletsa diphenšene tse di neng di le teng pele tsa batho ba ba amogelang diphenšene pele ga go tlhamiwa ga Molaomotheo.<ref name=":1" /> === Madi === Karolo eno e tlhalosa melao e e farologaneng ya tsa madi. E simolola ka go tlhoma Letlole la Kopanyo le mo go lone lotseno lotlhe lo lo dirilweng ke lefatshe lo tla kopanngwang go nna letlole le le lengwe. Palamente e laola tiriso ya letlole le. Matlole a tshoganyetso a ka tlhamiwa gape ke Palamente mo maemong a tshoganyetso gore go nne bonolo go dirisa matlole kwa ntle ga Letlole la Kopanyo. Go na le maemo a Modupi Mogolo a a arabelang dibuka tsa lefatshe.<ref name=":1" /> === Tsele le tsele === Karolo ya bofelo ya Molaomotheo e tlhalosa ka botlalo dikakanyo di le tharo tse dikgolo. Sa ntlha, e tlhoma thulaganyo ya gore modirelapuso a tlogele tiro ya gagwe. Sa bobedi, e bolela gore motho a ka tlhomiwa gape mo maemong a modirelapuso ntle le fa go sa letlelelwe ka tlhamalalo ke Molaomotheo kgotsa molao wa Palamente. Sa boraro, e tlhalosa dipolelwana tse di khutshwafaditsweng tse di dirisiwang jaaka "Kokoano" ya Khuduthamaga ya Botswana.<ref name=":1" /> == Ditshwaelo tsa barutegi tsa Molaomotheo == Le fa molaomotheo o ntse o tlhomame go ya ka go nna tokomane e e laolang, barutegi bangwe, go akaretsa [[Gretchen Bauer]], [[Druscilla Scribner]], [[John Holm]], ba nganga gore molaomotheo ga o sireletse [[basadi kgotsa batho ba ba kwa tlase]] ka mo go lekaneng.<ref name=":2">Holm, John D. "Botswana: A paternalistic democracy." ''World Affairs'' 150.1 (1987): 21–30.</ref><ref name=":3">Scribner, Druscilla, and Priscilla A. Lambert. "Constitutionalizing difference: A case study analysis of gender provisions in Botswana and South Africa." ''Politics & Gender'' 6.1 (2010): 37–61.</ref><ref name=":4">Bauer, Gretchen, and Jennie E. Burnet. "Gender quotas, democracy, and women's representation in Africa: Some insights from democratic Botswana and autocratic Rwanda." ''Women's Studies International Forum''. Vol. 41. Pergamon, 2013.</ref> Mo Botswana, go nnile le metsamao ya go leka go tlhoma [[dikarolo tsa bong]] mo molaomotheong, gore basadi ba kgone go gapa manno mo [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Kokoanong Bosetšhaba]].<ref name=":4" /> Se ke ka ntlha ya thulaganyo ya ditlhopho ya [[kgaolo ya go feta pele ga morago]], e e dirang gore go nne thata gore basadi ba lekoko lengwe le lengwe ba fenye manno.<ref name=":4" /> Le fa maiteko a karolelano ya bong mo lefatsheng a sa atlege thata, barutegi bangwe ba nganga gore a supa gore molaomotheo o paletswe ke go arabela tlhokego ya dipeelo tsa molaotheo tse di sireletsang [[kemedi ya basadi]].<ref name=":4" /> Molaomotheo wa Botswana o itsege ka go sa tseye letlhakore mo go feteletseng mo go tsa bong, ka tshupiso e le nngwe fela ya bong mo tokomaneng yotlhe.<ref name=":3" /> Bangwe ba nganga gore seno se mosola jaaka go bontsha tekatekano ya bong; le fa go ntse jalo, ba bangwe ba supa go sa tseye letlhakore mono ga bong jaaka go amogela [[kgethololo]] ya ''de facto''.<ref name=":3" /> Ba ba ngangang ka se ba bolela gore basadi ba tshwanetse go lwela melao ka tsela e e sa siamang, ka gore ba tshwanetse go bona melao e e ba letlang go dira dilo tse di tshwanetseng gobo ba setse ba di neetswe mo molaomotheong.<ref name=":3" /> Kganetso e nngwe ya molaomotheo ke gore o kwadilwe ke lekoko le le neng le busa.<ref name=":2" /> Lekoko la [[Botswana Democratic Party|Bechuanaland Democratic party]] (BDP) le tlhomilwe ke [[Seretse Khama]] pele Botswana e nna [[setšhaba se se ikemetseng ka nosi]], mme fa e sale lefatshe le bona boipuso BDP e ntse e le lone fela lekoko le le busang le le nosi (go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2024), le fa le tlhophilwe ka [[ditlhopho tsa puso ya batho ka batho]].<ref name=":2" /> Ka ntlha ya puso e e tswelelang ya lekoko le le lengwe leno, ba le bantsi ba tshaba gore molaomtheo o o leng teng o tsaya batlhophi letlhakore le le sa siamang mo lekokong le baemanokeng ba lone. Se gape se dirile gore go tshwaiwe diphoso ka ga [[kgotlhang ya maemo le merafe]].<ref name=":2" /> Bangwe ba akgola molaomotheo ka ntlha ya go letlelela kgaisano ya sepolotiki.<ref name=":5">Solway, Jacqueline S. "Navigating the neutral state: Minority rights in Botswana." ''Journal of Southern African Studies'' 28.4 (2002): 711–729.</ref> Ka ntlha ya fa [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Kokoano Bosetšhaba]] e tlhophiwa ka puso ya batho ka batho ke batho, e letla gore go nne le [[kemedi ya batho ba le mmalwa]] mo Kokoanong.<ref name=":5" /> Se se botlhokwa ka gonne mantswe a batho ba ba kwa tlase a ka fitlhega mo [[dithulaganyong dingwe tsa ditlhopho]], mme bangwe ba gatelela gore molaomotheo wa Botswana o sireletsa mantswe a batho ba ba kwa tlase.<ref name=":5" /> Kgang e nngwe e barutegi bangwe ba e dirang ke ka ga maatla a ga [[Tautona wa Botswana|Tautona]].<ref name=":6">Molomo, Mpho G. "Democracy under siege: the Presidency and executive powers in Botswana." (2000).</ref> Molaomotheo o baya maatla a mantsi mo maemong a ga Tautona, mme ka lefatshe le nnile le lekoko le le lengwe fela le le busang ga go na [[ditlhotlhomiso]] tse dintsi tsa gore ke mang yo o nnang Tautona le gore ke mang yo o kgonang go gakolola le go dumela ditiro dingwe tsa ga Tautona.<ref name=":6" /> Se se dirile gore barutegi bangwe ba kope gore [[go tlhophiwe Tautona ka tlhamalalo]] gore Tautona a rwale maikarabelo a mantsi ke batho mmogo le ke [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Kokoano Bosetšhaba]].<ref name=":6" /> Kganetso e nngwe ke tsela e molaomotheo o tshwarang [[merafe]] le [[molao wa merafe]] ka yone.<ref name=":7">Nyati-Ramahobo, Lydia. "From a phone call to the high court: Wayeyi visibility and the Kamanakao Association's campaign for linguistic and cultural rights in Botswana." ''Journal of Southern African Studies'' 28.4 (2002): 685–709.</ref> Molaomotheo o tshegetsa tsamaiso ya merafe, go akaretsa le [[Ntlo ya Dikgosi tsa Botswana|Ntlo ya Dikgosi]] kgotsa setlhopha sa bagakolodi ba merafe; le fa go ntse jalo, bangwe ba bolela gore seno se rata merafe e e maatla ka tsela e e sa siamang go tlogela merafe e mennye gore e busiwe ke setlhopha se se sa emeleng dikgatlhego tsa bone.<ref name=":7" /> Kgang e e bolela gore molaomotheo o tshwanetse go baakanngwa go akaretsa tsela e e bonolo le e e siameng ya go kgaoganya maatla mo merafeng, segolobogolo ka gonne dikgaogano tsa ga jaana di tlhodilwe le molaomotheo ka 1966.<ref name=":7" /> [[Jacqueline Solway]], [[Mpho Molomo]], le [[Lydia Nyati-Ramahobo]], gareng ga barutegi ba bangwe, ba akgola molaomotheo wa Botswana ka go bo o gatetse pele thata mo nakong ya one mo maitekong a one a go nna le [[tekatekano ya bong le ya batho ba ba kwa tlase]]; le fa go ntse jalo, go na le barutegi ba ba reng Molaomotheo o tlhoka tiro e e botlhokwa gore o kgone go lekalekana le go nna tshiamo.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /> == Metswedi == <references /> == Tse di kwa ntle == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110930065523/http://www.commonlii.org/bw/legis/const/1966/ Constitution of Botswana in English] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20250805061157/https://www.parliament.gov.bw/index.php?id=586&Itemid=540&option=com_content&view=article "Home"]. ''www.parliament.gov.bw''. [[Karolo:Dipolotiki tsa Botswana]] == Tshedimosetso == Pele ga puso ya batho-basweu e simologa mo Botswana, go ne go dirisiwa molaotheo wa setso. Molaomotheo o, o ne o akaretsa setlhopha sa melao e e ne e dirisiwa ke dikgosi tsa merafe kgotsa [[:en:Kgosi|diKgosi,]] tsa [[:en:Botswana_people|Batswana]] . <ref>Mafela, Lily (2007-12-15). "Batswana Women and Law". ''Cahiers d'études africaines''. '''47''' (187–188): 523–566. {{doi|10.4000/etudesafricaines.7962}}. {{ISSN|0008-0055}}</ref> Mo dingwageng tsa ntlha tsa [[Bechuanaland|tshireletso ya Bechuanaland]], bangwe ba e neng e se Batswana le bone ba ne ba busiwa ke melao e . <ref>Griffiths, J.E.S. (1970). {{JSTOR|40980765}} "A Note on Local Government in Botswana"]. ''Botswana Notes and Records''. '''2''': 64–70 </ref> Batsamaisi ba ba neng ba okametse tshireletso ya lefatshe la Bechuanaland ba ne ba boloka dikarolo dingwe tsa molaotheo wa setso; bontsi jwa yone ga e sa tlhole e le mo tirisong gompieno. <ref>Woolrych, Austin (1990). "The Cromwellian Protectorate: A Military Dictatorship?". ''History''. '''75''': 207–231.</ref> 3exnnwug8b2gc62gtpe8tx6397idbf1 52589 52585 2026-07-16T11:43:10Z Lame Ralosetlha 12932 Created by translating the section "Background" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1361463677|Constitution of Botswana]]" 52589 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Molaomotheo wa Botswana''' o simolotse ka Lwetse a le masome a mararo, 1966.<ref>"Botswana : Constitution and politics | The Commonwealth". ''thecommonwealth.org''.</ref> == Kwa morago == Pele ga puso ya bokolone e tlhongwa mo Botswana, molaomotheo wa setso – setlhopha sa melao e e itsiweng jaaka ''molao'' – o ne o dirisiwa ke dikgosi tsa merafe, kgotsa [[Kgosi|diKgosi]], tsa [[Batho ba letso la Setswana|batho ba Botswana]].<ref>Mafela, Lily (2007-12-15). "Batswana Women and Law". ''Cahiers d'études africaines''. '''47''' (187–188): 523–566. [[doi]]:[[doi:10.4000/etudesafricaines.7962|10.4000/etudesafricaines.7962]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0008-0055 0008-0055].</ref> Mo dingwageng tsa ntlha tsa [[Bechuanaland|Tshireletso ya Bechuanaland]], bangwe ba e seng ba Botswana le bone ba ne ba tla go busiwa ke melao e.<ref>Griffiths, J.E.S. (1970). [[:en:JSTOR_(identifier)|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/40980765 40980765] "A Note on Local Government in Botswana"]. ''Botswana Notes and Records''. '''2''': 64–70</ref> Batsamaisi ba Protectorate ba ne ba boloka dikarolo, le fa e se tsotlhe, tsa molaomotheo ono wa setso; bontsi jwa yone bo fedile gompieno.<ref>Woolrych, Austin (1990). "The Cromwellian Protectorate: A Military Dictatorship?". ''History''. '''75''': 207–231.</ref> Ka 1959, Komiti ya Molaomotheo ya Lekgotla le le Kopanetsweng la Bogakolodi e ne ya thala molaomotheo wa ntlha wa semmuso wa Protectorate, o o neng wa simolola go dira ka 1960.<ref name=":0">Barry, Morton. ''Historical dictionary of Botswana''. Ramsay, Jeff, Based on (work): Morton, Fred, (5th ed.). Lanham, Maryland. ISBN 9781538111321. [[:en:OCLC_(identifier)|OCLC]] [[oclc:1037884220|1037884220]].</ref> Ka 1963 go ne ga simolola ditherisano tsa molaomotheo wa bobedi o o neng o tla naya puso ya go ipusa.<ref name=":0" /> [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 1965]] di ne tsa tshwarwa ka fa tlase ga molaomotheo ono, o o neng o tshwantshediwa ke [[tsamaiso ya Westminster]] ya [[puso ya batho ka batho ya palamente]]: go ne go na le lekgotla la peomolao la kamore e le nngwe; tona-kgolo le kabinete ya ditona di le tlhano tse di nang le maikarabelo mo lekgotleng la peomolao; le [[Ntlo ya Dikgosi tsa Botswana|Ntlo ya Dikgosi]] e e nang le therisano fela.<ref name=":0" /> Fa Botswana e ne e bona boipuso jo bo tletseng ka Lwetse a le masome mararo 1966, tonakgolo e ne ya emisediwa ka tautona yo o neng a tlhophilwe ke lekgotla la peomolao (e e neng ya bidiwa [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Khuduthamaga ya Botswana]]), mme ya newa dithata tsa bokhuduthamaga.<ref>Sebudubudu, David (December 2011). "Wealth Sharing for Conflict Prevention and Economic Growth: Botswana Case Study of Natural Resource Utilization For Peace and Development". ''University of Botswana''.</ref> Motseletsele wa diphetogo tse di dirilweng moragonyana tsa Molaomotheo o okeditse palo ya maloko a a tlhophilweng a Khuduthamaga ya Botswana le bogolo jwa Ntlo ya Dikgosi. Diphetogo tse dingwe tsa molaomotheo di dirilwe ka 1994 le 1997.<ref>Poteete, Amy. (2018). Renegotiation of Executive Powers and Executive–Legislative Relations in Botswana.</ref> == Popego == Molaomotheo o kgaogantswe ka dikgaolo di ferabongwe, nngwe le nngwe e tlhalosa ka botlalo dikarolo tse di rileng jaaka ditshwanelo tsa motho ka bongwe le go abela dithata tsa khuduthamaga.<ref name=":1">[https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Botswana_2002?lang=en "Botswana 1966 (rev. 2002)"]. ''Constitute''. Retrieved 22 Phalane 2025.</ref> # Rephaboliki # Tshireletso ya Ditshwanelo tsa Motheo le Dikgololesego tsa Motho # Boagi # Khuduthamaga # Palamente # Boatlhodi # Tirelosetšhaba # Madi # Tsele le tsele === Rephaboliki === Karolo e e itsise gore Botswana ke setšhaba se se ikemetseng ga mmogo le go tlhalosa sekano sa setšhaba.<ref name=":1" /> === Tshireletso ya Ditshwanelo tsa Motheo le Dikgololesego tsa Motho === Karolo eno e tlhalosa ditshwanelo tsa baagi. E simolola ka go bolela gore mongwe le mongwe o netefaleditswe ditshwanelo go sa kgathalesege gore ke wa morafe ofe, wa tumelo efe kgotsa wa bong bofe. Ditshwanelo di ka tsela e e latelang: "(a) botshelo, kgololesego, tshireletsego ya motho le tshireletso ya molao; (b) kgololesego ya segakolodi, ya go tlhagisa maikutlo le ya go kokoana le go kopana; le (c) tshireletso ya sephiri sa legae la gagwe le dithoto tse dingwe le go amogwa dithoto kwa ntle ga pusetso ya maikaelelo a, tshireletso ya ditshwanelo le dikgololesego tseo go ikaegilwe ka ditekanyetso tsa tshireletso eo jaaka di le mo dipeelong tseo, e le ditekanyetso tse di diretsweng go netefatsa gore go itumelela ditshwanelo le dikgololesego tse di umakilweng ke motho mongwe le mongwe ga go kgoreletse ditshwanelo le dikgololesego tsa batho ba bangwe kgotsa dikgatlhego tsa setšhaba. === Khuduthamaga === Karolo e e tlhalosa lekala la khuduthamaga le le akaretsang Tautona, Mothusa Tautona, le Kabinete.<ref name=":1" /> ==== Tautona ==== Tautona ke mokhuduthamaga yo mogolo wa puso. Tautona o tlhophiwa go nna tautona ke maloko a Kokoano Bosetšhaba. Maloko ano a bolela mo pampiring ya ditlhopho gore ba tla tshegetsa mang go nna Tautona fa ba ka tlhophiwa, mme morago ga go tlhophiwa kwa Khuduthamageng ya Botswana ba tlhopha ope fela yo ba supileng fa ba tla mo tlhopha go nna Tautona. Tautona o na le ditlhokego tse di latelang: (a) ke moagi wa Botswana ka botsalo kgotsa lotso; (b) a fitlheletse dingwaga di le masome mararo; le (c) a tshwanelega go tlhophiwa jaaka Leloko la Khuduthamaga ya Botswana. Paka ya boTautona e lekanyeditswe go fitlha go dingwaga di le lesome, kgotsa gore Tautona o nne lobaka lo lo kana kang mo Khuduthamageng ya Botswana.<ref name=":1" /> Thata ya khuduthamaga ya Botswana e mo go Tautona fela. Tautona gape ke molaodi wa sesole. Tautona gape o na le dithata tsa go itshwarela motho yo o bonweng molato wa bosenyi.<ref name=":1" /> ==== Mothusa-Tautona ==== Mothusa Tautona o tlhophiwa ke Tautona go tswa mo malokong a Khuduthamaga ya Botswana. Mothusa Tautona o tsaya marapo a ga Tautona fa Tautona a sa kgone go diragatsa ditiro tsa gagwe e ka nna ka ntlha ya bolwetse, loso, kgotsa mabaka a mangwe.<ref name=":1" /> Mothusa Tautona ke wa bobedi mo taolong ya ga Tautona mme o diragatsa ditiro tsa ga Tautona.<ref name=":1" /> ==== Kabinete ==== Kabinete eno e bopilwe ke Tautona, Mothusa Tautona le matona a a sa feteng thataro tse di tlhomilweng ke Tautona go tswa kwa Khuduthamageng ya Botswana. Matona a a mo Kabineteng a na le maikarabelo a go gakolola Tautona mabapi le melawana ya puso.<ref name=":1" /> === Palamente === Karolo e e tlhalosa bobedi jwa Khuduthamaga ya Botswana mmogo le Ntlo ya Dikgosi tse mmogo di bopang Palamente ya Botswana.<ref name=":1" /> ==== Khuduthamaga ya Botswana ==== Palamente e na le Tautona le Khuduthamaga ya Botswana. Tautona ke leloko le le nang le ditlhopho la Khuduthamaga. Go na le maloko a mangwe a le masome matlhano le bosupa a a tlhophilweng a Khuduthamaga. Gape go na le sebui sa Khuduthamaga se se tlhophiwang ke maloko a Khuduthamaga, mme ga go tlhokege gore e nne leloko la Khuduthamaga ka boene. Gape go na le mothusa sebui se se tlhophilweng ke Khuduthamaga.<ref name=":1" /> Ka tatelano gore motho a tshwanelege go nna leloko la Khuduthamaga o tshwanetse go: nna moagi wa Botswana, a bo a na le dingwaga di le lesome le boferabobedi, a ikwadisitse go tlhopha, e bile a itse go bua le go bala ka Seesemane. Go na le maemo a mantsi a a dirang gore leloko le se ka la tshwanelega, bontsi jwa one a amana le go ikanyega mo mafatsheng a mangwe.<ref name=":1" /> Lefatshe la Botswana le kgaogantswe ka dipalo tsa dikgaolo tsa botlhophi tse ba nang le maloko a palamente gore kgaolo nngwe le nngwe e romele leloko le le lengwe kwa Khuduthamageng. Batho ba Botswana ba tshwanelwa ke go tlhopha fa ba le: lesome le boferabobedi, baagi, mme ba ntse mo Botswana dikgwedi di le lesome le bobedi ka go latelana.<ref name=":1" /> ==== Ntlo ya Dikgosi ==== Mo godimo ga palamente, Botswana gape o na le [[Ntlo ya Dikgosi tsa Botswana|Ntlo ya Dikgosi]]. Ntlo ya Dikgosi e dira jaaka lekgotla le le gakololang Palamente ya Botswana. E na le maloko a le masome mararo le boraro go ya go a le masome mararo le botlhano. Gore motho a tshwanelege go nna leloko o tshwanetse go nna le dingwaga di le masome mabedi le motso e bile e le moagi. Go na le maemo a a tshwanang a a kgaolang setheo seno jaaka go na le a [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Khuduthamaga]]. Leloko le tlhomiwa dipaka tsa dingwaga di le tlhano. Ga go leloko lepe le le ka tsayang karolo mo dipolotiking tsa lekoko, mme maloko a le mantsi ke dikgosi tsa merafe. Setlhopha seno ga se na maatla a go dira melao, go akaretsa le maatla a go amogela kgotsa a go thibela, go na le moo ba gakolola Palamente ka ga melaokakanyetso le dikgato. Maatla a setheo se nang le one ke go bitsa maloko a puso go tlhagelela fa pele ga sone.<ref name=":1" /> === Boatlhodi === Karolo e e tlhalosa dikarolo tse di farologaneng tsa boatlhodi mo Botswana go akaretsa Kgotlakgolo ya Ditsheko, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo, le Khomišene ya Tirelo ya Boatlhodi.<ref name=":1" /> ==== Kgotlakgolo ya Ditsheko ==== Kgotlakgolo ya Ditsheko ya Botswana e dira jaaka motswedi o o kwa godimo wa semolao, o mo go ona kgotlatshekelo e nang le taolo e e senang selekanyo ya tshimologo ya go reetsa dikgetsi dipe fela. Kgotlakgolo e na le [[Moatlhodimogolo]] mmogo le baatlhodi ba bangwe ba le mmalwa, ba mo go bone palo e laolwang ke Palamente. Moatlhodimogolo o tlhomiwa ke Tautona, mmogo le Baatlhodi ba bangwe botlhe mme bano ba ka gakololwa Tautona ke Palamente. Gore motho a tshwanelege go nna moatlhodi mo kgotlatshekelong e o tshwanetse a bo a nnile moatlhodi, a nnile mmueledi, a nnile moporofesa wa molao yo o nang le dithuto tsa molao, kgotsa a nnile Mmakaseterata yo Mogolo. Go tlhomiwa mo kgotlatshekelong e ke go fitlha motho a fitlha dingwaga di le masome a supa. Lebaka le lengwe fela le le ka dirang gore moatlhodi a tswe mo kgotlakgolong ya ditsheko ke fa Palamente e swetsa gore motho ga a tlhole a kgona go dira ditiro tsa gagwe sentle.<ref name=":1" /> Kgotlakgolo ya Ditsheko e na le dithata tsa go ranola molaomotheo. Fa go na le go sa dumalane ka tlhaloso epe, go sa dumalane moo go rarabololwa ke Kgotlakgolo ya Ditsheko.<ref name=":1" /> ==== Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo ==== Kgotlatshekelo ya boikuelo e na le tshwanelo ya go reetsa kgetse nngwe le nngwe mo Botswana e mo go yone lekoko le lengwe le ikuetseng ka tshwetso e e bonweng. Kgotlatshekelo eno e na le [[Tautona wa Kgotlatshekelo]] ya boikuelo, baatlhodi ba bangwe ba le mmalwa, le Kgotlatshekelokgolo yotlhe. Fela jaaka Kgotlatshekelokgolo, Tautona o tlhomiwa ke Tautona fela jaaka baatlhodi ba bangwe, ka kgakololo ya Palamente. Gore motho a tshwanelege o tshwanetse a bo a ne a le moatlhodi, mmueledi kgotsa moporofesara wa molao. Jaaka go ntse ka Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko motho o tlhomiwa go fitlha a nna dingwaga di le masome a supa, fa e se fela fa Palamente e sa fitlhele a sa kgone ka nako ya fa a le mo tirong.<ref name=":1" /> ==== Kokoano ya Tirelo ya Boatlhodi ==== Kokoano ya Tirelo ya Boatlhodi e tlhamilwe go thusa go gakolola Tautona ka ga ditlhopho tsa boatlhodi. E na le Moatlhodimogolo, Tautona wa Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo, Mmueledi-mogolo, Modulasetilo wa Kokoano ya Tirelosetšhaba, leloko la Mokgatlho wa Molao le le tlhophilweng ke [[Mokgatlho wa Molao]], le motho yo o ikanyegang le a na le maitemogelo yo e seng modiri wa semolao yo o tlhomilweng ke Tautona.<ref name=":1" /> === Tirelosetšhaba === Karolo e e tlhalosa ka botlalo melao le melawana mabapi le tirelosetšhaba. Karolo e e bolela gore sengwe le sengwe se se sa tlhalosiwang mo molaomotheong kgotsa ka molao wa Palamente se tla nna ka fa tlase ga taolo ya ga Tautona. Gape go tla nna le Khuduthamaga ya Tirelo ya Setšhaba ya maloko a le mabedi go ya kwa go bone a a direlang dipaka tsa dingwaga di le tharo. Kokoano eno e reetsa boikuelo jotlhe jwa badiredipuso ba ba tlositsweng mo maemong a bone mme ba rata go boela kwa go one. Fa motho a sa dumalane le katlholo ya kokoano eno a ka ikuela ka tlhamalalo kwa go Tautona. Tautona o letleletswe go thapa kgotsa go tlosa batho go ya go kgotsa go tswa mo go: Moemedi, Moemedi Mogolo, Mokwaledi wa Kabinete, Mmueledikakaretso, Mokaedi wa Bosekisi jwa Setšhaba, Mokwaledi wa Leruri, Molaodi wa Sepodisi, le f. ofisi epe e nngwe ya maemo a a kwa godimo. Karolo eno gape e tlhoma dipeelo tse di ntšhwafadiwang tsa dingwaga di le tlhano tsa Mokaedi wa Botšhotšhisi jwa Setšhaba mmogo le go tlhoma tekanyetso ya dingwaga di le 60 tsa Mokaedi wa Bosekisi jwa Setšhaba le Modupi-Mogolo. Kwa bofelong, karolo e e sireletsa diphenšene tse di neng di le teng pele tsa batho ba ba amogelang diphenšene pele ga go tlhamiwa ga Molaomotheo.<ref name=":1" /> === Madi === Karolo eno e tlhalosa melao e e farologaneng ya tsa madi. E simolola ka go tlhoma Letlole la Kopanyo le mo go lone lotseno lotlhe lo lo dirilweng ke lefatshe lo tla kopanngwang go nna letlole le le lengwe. Palamente e laola tiriso ya letlole le. Matlole a tshoganyetso a ka tlhamiwa gape ke Palamente mo maemong a tshoganyetso gore go nne bonolo go dirisa matlole kwa ntle ga Letlole la Kopanyo. Go na le maemo a Modupi Mogolo a a arabelang dibuka tsa lefatshe.<ref name=":1" /> === Tsele le tsele === Karolo ya bofelo ya Molaomotheo e tlhalosa ka botlalo dikakanyo di le tharo tse dikgolo. Sa ntlha, e tlhoma thulaganyo ya gore modirelapuso a tlogele tiro ya gagwe. Sa bobedi, e bolela gore motho a ka tlhomiwa gape mo maemong a modirelapuso ntle le fa go sa letlelelwe ka tlhamalalo ke Molaomotheo kgotsa molao wa Palamente. Sa boraro, e tlhalosa dipolelwana tse di khutshwafaditsweng tse di dirisiwang jaaka "Kokoano" ya Khuduthamaga ya Botswana.<ref name=":1" /> == Ditshwaelo tsa barutegi tsa Molaomotheo == Le fa molaomotheo o ntse o tlhomame go ya ka go nna tokomane e e laolang, barutegi bangwe, go akaretsa [[Gretchen Bauer]], [[Druscilla Scribner]], [[John Holm]], ba nganga gore molaomotheo ga o sireletse [[basadi kgotsa batho ba ba kwa tlase]] ka mo go lekaneng.<ref name=":2">Holm, John D. "Botswana: A paternalistic democracy." ''World Affairs'' 150.1 (1987): 21–30.</ref><ref name=":3">Scribner, Druscilla, and Priscilla A. Lambert. "Constitutionalizing difference: A case study analysis of gender provisions in Botswana and South Africa." ''Politics & Gender'' 6.1 (2010): 37–61.</ref><ref name=":4">Bauer, Gretchen, and Jennie E. Burnet. "Gender quotas, democracy, and women's representation in Africa: Some insights from democratic Botswana and autocratic Rwanda." ''Women's Studies International Forum''. Vol. 41. Pergamon, 2013.</ref> Mo Botswana, go nnile le metsamao ya go leka go tlhoma [[dikarolo tsa bong]] mo molaomotheong, gore basadi ba kgone go gapa manno mo [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Kokoanong Bosetšhaba]].<ref name=":4" /> Se ke ka ntlha ya thulaganyo ya ditlhopho ya [[kgaolo ya go feta pele ga morago]], e e dirang gore go nne thata gore basadi ba lekoko lengwe le lengwe ba fenye manno.<ref name=":4" /> Le fa maiteko a karolelano ya bong mo lefatsheng a sa atlege thata, barutegi bangwe ba nganga gore a supa gore molaomotheo o paletswe ke go arabela tlhokego ya dipeelo tsa molaotheo tse di sireletsang [[kemedi ya basadi]].<ref name=":4" /> Molaomotheo wa Botswana o itsege ka go sa tseye letlhakore mo go feteletseng mo go tsa bong, ka tshupiso e le nngwe fela ya bong mo tokomaneng yotlhe.<ref name=":3" /> Bangwe ba nganga gore seno se mosola jaaka go bontsha tekatekano ya bong; le fa go ntse jalo, ba bangwe ba supa go sa tseye letlhakore mono ga bong jaaka go amogela [[kgethololo]] ya ''de facto''.<ref name=":3" /> Ba ba ngangang ka se ba bolela gore basadi ba tshwanetse go lwela melao ka tsela e e sa siamang, ka gore ba tshwanetse go bona melao e e ba letlang go dira dilo tse di tshwanetseng gobo ba setse ba di neetswe mo molaomotheong.<ref name=":3" /> Kganetso e nngwe ya molaomotheo ke gore o kwadilwe ke lekoko le le neng le busa.<ref name=":2" /> Lekoko la [[Botswana Democratic Party|Bechuanaland Democratic party]] (BDP) le tlhomilwe ke [[Seretse Khama]] pele Botswana e nna [[setšhaba se se ikemetseng ka nosi]], mme fa e sale lefatshe le bona boipuso BDP e ntse e le lone fela lekoko le le busang le le nosi (go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2024), le fa le tlhophilwe ka [[ditlhopho tsa puso ya batho ka batho]].<ref name=":2" /> Ka ntlha ya puso e e tswelelang ya lekoko le le lengwe leno, ba le bantsi ba tshaba gore molaomtheo o o leng teng o tsaya batlhophi letlhakore le le sa siamang mo lekokong le baemanokeng ba lone. Se gape se dirile gore go tshwaiwe diphoso ka ga [[kgotlhang ya maemo le merafe]].<ref name=":2" /> Bangwe ba akgola molaomotheo ka ntlha ya go letlelela kgaisano ya sepolotiki.<ref name=":5">Solway, Jacqueline S. "Navigating the neutral state: Minority rights in Botswana." ''Journal of Southern African Studies'' 28.4 (2002): 711–729.</ref> Ka ntlha ya fa [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Kokoano Bosetšhaba]] e tlhophiwa ka puso ya batho ka batho ke batho, e letla gore go nne le [[kemedi ya batho ba le mmalwa]] mo Kokoanong.<ref name=":5" /> Se se botlhokwa ka gonne mantswe a batho ba ba kwa tlase a ka fitlhega mo [[dithulaganyong dingwe tsa ditlhopho]], mme bangwe ba gatelela gore molaomotheo wa Botswana o sireletsa mantswe a batho ba ba kwa tlase.<ref name=":5" /> Kgang e nngwe e barutegi bangwe ba e dirang ke ka ga maatla a ga [[Tautona wa Botswana|Tautona]].<ref name=":6">Molomo, Mpho G. "Democracy under siege: the Presidency and executive powers in Botswana." (2000).</ref> Molaomotheo o baya maatla a mantsi mo maemong a ga Tautona, mme ka lefatshe le nnile le lekoko le le lengwe fela le le busang ga go na [[ditlhotlhomiso]] tse dintsi tsa gore ke mang yo o nnang Tautona le gore ke mang yo o kgonang go gakolola le go dumela ditiro dingwe tsa ga Tautona.<ref name=":6" /> Se se dirile gore barutegi bangwe ba kope gore [[go tlhophiwe Tautona ka tlhamalalo]] gore Tautona a rwale maikarabelo a mantsi ke batho mmogo le ke [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Kokoano Bosetšhaba]].<ref name=":6" /> Kganetso e nngwe ke tsela e molaomotheo o tshwarang [[merafe]] le [[molao wa merafe]] ka yone.<ref name=":7">Nyati-Ramahobo, Lydia. "From a phone call to the high court: Wayeyi visibility and the Kamanakao Association's campaign for linguistic and cultural rights in Botswana." ''Journal of Southern African Studies'' 28.4 (2002): 685–709.</ref> Molaomotheo o tshegetsa tsamaiso ya merafe, go akaretsa le [[Ntlo ya Dikgosi tsa Botswana|Ntlo ya Dikgosi]] kgotsa setlhopha sa bagakolodi ba merafe; le fa go ntse jalo, bangwe ba bolela gore seno se rata merafe e e maatla ka tsela e e sa siamang go tlogela merafe e mennye gore e busiwe ke setlhopha se se sa emeleng dikgatlhego tsa bone.<ref name=":7" /> Kgang e e bolela gore molaomotheo o tshwanetse go baakanngwa go akaretsa tsela e e bonolo le e e siameng ya go kgaoganya maatla mo merafeng, segolobogolo ka gonne dikgaogano tsa ga jaana di tlhodilwe le molaomotheo ka 1966.<ref name=":7" /> [[Jacqueline Solway]], [[Mpho Molomo]], le [[Lydia Nyati-Ramahobo]], gareng ga barutegi ba bangwe, ba akgola molaomotheo wa Botswana ka go bo o gatetse pele thata mo nakong ya one mo maitekong a one a go nna le [[tekatekano ya bong le ya batho ba ba kwa tlase]]; le fa go ntse jalo, go na le barutegi ba ba reng Molaomotheo o tlhoka tiro e e botlhokwa gore o kgone go lekalekana le go nna tshiamo.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /> == Metswedi == <references /> == Tse di kwa ntle == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110930065523/http://www.commonlii.org/bw/legis/const/1966/ Constitution of Botswana in English] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20250805061157/https://www.parliament.gov.bw/index.php?id=586&Itemid=540&option=com_content&view=article "Home"]. ''www.parliament.gov.bw''. [[Karolo:Dipolotiki tsa Botswana]] == Tshedimosetso == Pele ga puso ya batho-basweu e simologa mo Botswana, go ne go dirisiwa molaotheo wa setso. Molaomotheo o, o ne o akaretsa setlhopha sa melao e e ne e dirisiwa ke dikgosi tsa merafe kgotsa [[:en:Kgosi|diKgosi,]] tsa [[:en:Botswana_people|Batswana]] . <ref>Mafela, Lily (2007-12-15). "Batswana Women and Law". ''Cahiers d'études africaines''. '''47''' (187–188): 523–566. {{doi|10.4000/etudesafricaines.7962}}. {{ISSN|0008-0055}}</ref> Mo dingwageng tsa ntlha tsa [[Bechuanaland|tshireletso ya Bechuanaland]], bangwe ba e neng e se Batswana le bone ba ne ba busiwa ke melao e . <ref>Griffiths, J.E.S. (1970). {{JSTOR|40980765}} "A Note on Local Government in Botswana"]. ''Botswana Notes and Records''. '''2''': 64–70 </ref> Batsamaisi ba ba neng ba okametse tshireletso ya lefatshe la Bechuanaland ba ne ba boloka dikarolo dingwe tsa molaotheo wa setso; bontsi jwa yone ga e sa tlhole e le mo tirisong gompieno. <ref>Woolrych, Austin (1990). "The Cromwellian Protectorate: A Military Dictatorship?". ''History''. '''75''': 207–231.</ref> == Tshedimosetso == Pele ga puso ya batho-basweu e simologa mo Botswana, go ne go dirisiwa molaotheo wa setso. Molaomotheo o, o ne o akaretsa setlhopha sa melao e e neng e dirisiwa ke dikgosi tsa merafe kgotsa [[:en:Kgosi|diKgosi,]] tsa [[:en:Botswana_people|Batswana]] . <ref>Mafela, Lily (2007-12-15). "Batswana Women and Law". ''Cahiers d'études africaines''. '''47''' (187–188): 523–566. {{doi|10.4000/etudesafricaines.7962}}. {{ISSN|0008-0055}}</ref> Mo dingwageng tsa ntlha tsa [[Bechuanaland|tshireletso ya Bechuanaland]], bangwe ba e neng e se Batswana le bone ba ne ba busiwa ke melao e . <ref>Griffiths, J.E.S. (1970). {{JSTOR|40980765}} "A Note on Local Government in Botswana"]. ''Botswana Notes and Records''. '''2''': 64–70 </ref> Batsamaisi ba ba neng ba okametse tshireletso ya lefatshe la Bechuanaland ba ne ba boloka dikarolo dingwe tsa molaotheo wa setso; bontsi jwa yone ga e sa tlhole e le mo tirisong gompieno. <ref>Woolrych, Austin (1990). "The Cromwellian Protectorate: A Military Dictatorship?". ''History''. '''75''': 207–231.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 1959, komiti ya molaotheo ya Lekgotla le le kopanetsweng la Bogakolodi e ne ya thala molaotheo wa ntlha wa semmuso wa lefatshe la Bechuanaland, o o neng wa simolola go rekegelwa ka ngwaga wa 1960. <ref name=":0">Barry, Morton. ''Historical dictionary of Botswana''. Ramsay, Jeff, Based on (work): Morton, Fred, (5th ed.). Lanham, Maryland. {{ISBN|9781538111321}}. {{OCLC|1037884220}}</ref> Ka 1963 go ne ga simololwa ditherisano tsa molaotheo wa bobedi o o neng o tla letlelela puso ya go ipusa. <ref name=":0" /> [[Ditlhopho tsa 1965 tsa Bechuanaland|Ditlhopho tsa 1965]] di ne tsa tshwarwa ka fa tlase ga molaotheo o, o o neng o tshwantshanngwa le [[:en:Westminster_system|tsamaiso ya Westminster]] ya [[:en:Parliamentary_democracy|puso ya batho ka batho ya palamente]] : go ne go na le lekgotla la peomolao le le lengwe fela; tona-kgolo le khabinete ya matona a puso a le matlhano a a neng a na le maikarabelo mo lekgotleng la peomolao; le [[Ntlo ya Dikgosi tsa Botswana|Ntlo ya Dikgosi]] e e neng e itebagantse le ditherisano fela . <ref name=":0" /> 0j3je98addy4fpao4i1ilk9j7a58npe 52592 52589 2026-07-16T11:58:40Z Lame Ralosetlha 12932 Created by translating the section "Background" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1361463677|Constitution of Botswana]]" 52592 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Molaomotheo wa Botswana''' o simolotse ka Lwetse a le masome a mararo, 1966.<ref>"Botswana : Constitution and politics | The Commonwealth". ''thecommonwealth.org''.</ref> == Kwa morago == Pele ga puso ya bokolone e tlhongwa mo Botswana, molaomotheo wa setso – setlhopha sa melao e e itsiweng jaaka ''molao'' – o ne o dirisiwa ke dikgosi tsa merafe, kgotsa [[Kgosi|diKgosi]], tsa [[Batho ba letso la Setswana|batho ba Botswana]].<ref>Mafela, Lily (2007-12-15). "Batswana Women and Law". ''Cahiers d'études africaines''. '''47''' (187–188): 523–566. [[doi]]:[[doi:10.4000/etudesafricaines.7962|10.4000/etudesafricaines.7962]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0008-0055 0008-0055].</ref> Mo dingwageng tsa ntlha tsa [[Bechuanaland|Tshireletso ya Bechuanaland]], bangwe ba e seng ba Botswana le bone ba ne ba tla go busiwa ke melao e.<ref>Griffiths, J.E.S. (1970). [[:en:JSTOR_(identifier)|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/40980765 40980765] "A Note on Local Government in Botswana"]. ''Botswana Notes and Records''. '''2''': 64–70</ref> Batsamaisi ba Protectorate ba ne ba boloka dikarolo, le fa e se tsotlhe, tsa molaomotheo ono wa setso; bontsi jwa yone bo fedile gompieno.<ref>Woolrych, Austin (1990). "The Cromwellian Protectorate: A Military Dictatorship?". ''History''. '''75''': 207–231.</ref> Ka 1959, Komiti ya Molaomotheo ya Lekgotla le le Kopanetsweng la Bogakolodi e ne ya thala molaomotheo wa ntlha wa semmuso wa Protectorate, o o neng wa simolola go dira ka 1960.<ref name=":0">Barry, Morton. ''Historical dictionary of Botswana''. Ramsay, Jeff, Based on (work): Morton, Fred, (5th ed.). Lanham, Maryland. ISBN 9781538111321. [[:en:OCLC_(identifier)|OCLC]] [[oclc:1037884220|1037884220]].</ref> Ka 1963 go ne ga simolola ditherisano tsa molaomotheo wa bobedi o o neng o tla naya puso ya go ipusa.<ref name=":0" /> [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 1965]] di ne tsa tshwarwa ka fa tlase ga molaomotheo ono, o o neng o tshwantshediwa ke [[tsamaiso ya Westminster]] ya [[puso ya batho ka batho ya palamente]]: go ne go na le lekgotla la peomolao la kamore e le nngwe; tona-kgolo le kabinete ya ditona di le tlhano tse di nang le maikarabelo mo lekgotleng la peomolao; le [[Ntlo ya Dikgosi tsa Botswana|Ntlo ya Dikgosi]] e e nang le therisano fela.<ref name=":0" /> Fa Botswana e ne e bona boipuso jo bo tletseng ka Lwetse a le masome mararo 1966, tonakgolo e ne ya emisediwa ka tautona yo o neng a tlhophilwe ke lekgotla la peomolao (e e neng ya bidiwa [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Khuduthamaga ya Botswana]]), mme ya newa dithata tsa bokhuduthamaga.<ref>Sebudubudu, David (December 2011). "Wealth Sharing for Conflict Prevention and Economic Growth: Botswana Case Study of Natural Resource Utilization For Peace and Development". ''University of Botswana''.</ref> Motseletsele wa diphetogo tse di dirilweng moragonyana tsa Molaomotheo o okeditse palo ya maloko a a tlhophilweng a Khuduthamaga ya Botswana le bogolo jwa Ntlo ya Dikgosi. Diphetogo tse dingwe tsa molaomotheo di dirilwe ka 1994 le 1997.<ref>Poteete, Amy. (2018). Renegotiation of Executive Powers and Executive–Legislative Relations in Botswana.</ref> == Popego == Molaomotheo o kgaogantswe ka dikgaolo di ferabongwe, nngwe le nngwe e tlhalosa ka botlalo dikarolo tse di rileng jaaka ditshwanelo tsa motho ka bongwe le go abela dithata tsa khuduthamaga.<ref name=":1">[https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Botswana_2002?lang=en "Botswana 1966 (rev. 2002)"]. ''Constitute''. Retrieved 22 Phalane 2025.</ref> # Rephaboliki # Tshireletso ya Ditshwanelo tsa Motheo le Dikgololesego tsa Motho # Boagi # Khuduthamaga # Palamente # Boatlhodi # Tirelosetšhaba # Madi # Tsele le tsele === Rephaboliki === Karolo e e itsise gore Botswana ke setšhaba se se ikemetseng ga mmogo le go tlhalosa sekano sa setšhaba.<ref name=":1" /> === Tshireletso ya Ditshwanelo tsa Motheo le Dikgololesego tsa Motho === Karolo eno e tlhalosa ditshwanelo tsa baagi. E simolola ka go bolela gore mongwe le mongwe o netefaleditswe ditshwanelo go sa kgathalesege gore ke wa morafe ofe, wa tumelo efe kgotsa wa bong bofe. Ditshwanelo di ka tsela e e latelang: "(a) botshelo, kgololesego, tshireletsego ya motho le tshireletso ya molao; (b) kgololesego ya segakolodi, ya go tlhagisa maikutlo le ya go kokoana le go kopana; le (c) tshireletso ya sephiri sa legae la gagwe le dithoto tse dingwe le go amogwa dithoto kwa ntle ga pusetso ya maikaelelo a, tshireletso ya ditshwanelo le dikgololesego tseo go ikaegilwe ka ditekanyetso tsa tshireletso eo jaaka di le mo dipeelong tseo, e le ditekanyetso tse di diretsweng go netefatsa gore go itumelela ditshwanelo le dikgololesego tse di umakilweng ke motho mongwe le mongwe ga go kgoreletse ditshwanelo le dikgololesego tsa batho ba bangwe kgotsa dikgatlhego tsa setšhaba. === Khuduthamaga === Karolo e e tlhalosa lekala la khuduthamaga le le akaretsang Tautona, Mothusa Tautona, le Kabinete.<ref name=":1" /> ==== Tautona ==== Tautona ke mokhuduthamaga yo mogolo wa puso. Tautona o tlhophiwa go nna tautona ke maloko a Kokoano Bosetšhaba. Maloko ano a bolela mo pampiring ya ditlhopho gore ba tla tshegetsa mang go nna Tautona fa ba ka tlhophiwa, mme morago ga go tlhophiwa kwa Khuduthamageng ya Botswana ba tlhopha ope fela yo ba supileng fa ba tla mo tlhopha go nna Tautona. Tautona o na le ditlhokego tse di latelang: (a) ke moagi wa Botswana ka botsalo kgotsa lotso; (b) a fitlheletse dingwaga di le masome mararo; le (c) a tshwanelega go tlhophiwa jaaka Leloko la Khuduthamaga ya Botswana. Paka ya boTautona e lekanyeditswe go fitlha go dingwaga di le lesome, kgotsa gore Tautona o nne lobaka lo lo kana kang mo Khuduthamageng ya Botswana.<ref name=":1" /> Thata ya khuduthamaga ya Botswana e mo go Tautona fela. Tautona gape ke molaodi wa sesole. Tautona gape o na le dithata tsa go itshwarela motho yo o bonweng molato wa bosenyi.<ref name=":1" /> ==== Mothusa-Tautona ==== Mothusa Tautona o tlhophiwa ke Tautona go tswa mo malokong a Khuduthamaga ya Botswana. Mothusa Tautona o tsaya marapo a ga Tautona fa Tautona a sa kgone go diragatsa ditiro tsa gagwe e ka nna ka ntlha ya bolwetse, loso, kgotsa mabaka a mangwe.<ref name=":1" /> Mothusa Tautona ke wa bobedi mo taolong ya ga Tautona mme o diragatsa ditiro tsa ga Tautona.<ref name=":1" /> ==== Kabinete ==== Kabinete eno e bopilwe ke Tautona, Mothusa Tautona le matona a a sa feteng thataro tse di tlhomilweng ke Tautona go tswa kwa Khuduthamageng ya Botswana. Matona a a mo Kabineteng a na le maikarabelo a go gakolola Tautona mabapi le melawana ya puso.<ref name=":1" /> === Palamente === Karolo e e tlhalosa bobedi jwa Khuduthamaga ya Botswana mmogo le Ntlo ya Dikgosi tse mmogo di bopang Palamente ya Botswana.<ref name=":1" /> ==== Khuduthamaga ya Botswana ==== Palamente e na le Tautona le Khuduthamaga ya Botswana. Tautona ke leloko le le nang le ditlhopho la Khuduthamaga. Go na le maloko a mangwe a le masome matlhano le bosupa a a tlhophilweng a Khuduthamaga. Gape go na le sebui sa Khuduthamaga se se tlhophiwang ke maloko a Khuduthamaga, mme ga go tlhokege gore e nne leloko la Khuduthamaga ka boene. Gape go na le mothusa sebui se se tlhophilweng ke Khuduthamaga.<ref name=":1" /> Ka tatelano gore motho a tshwanelege go nna leloko la Khuduthamaga o tshwanetse go: nna moagi wa Botswana, a bo a na le dingwaga di le lesome le boferabobedi, a ikwadisitse go tlhopha, e bile a itse go bua le go bala ka Seesemane. Go na le maemo a mantsi a a dirang gore leloko le se ka la tshwanelega, bontsi jwa one a amana le go ikanyega mo mafatsheng a mangwe.<ref name=":1" /> Lefatshe la Botswana le kgaogantswe ka dipalo tsa dikgaolo tsa botlhophi tse ba nang le maloko a palamente gore kgaolo nngwe le nngwe e romele leloko le le lengwe kwa Khuduthamageng. Batho ba Botswana ba tshwanelwa ke go tlhopha fa ba le: lesome le boferabobedi, baagi, mme ba ntse mo Botswana dikgwedi di le lesome le bobedi ka go latelana.<ref name=":1" /> ==== Ntlo ya Dikgosi ==== Mo godimo ga palamente, Botswana gape o na le [[Ntlo ya Dikgosi tsa Botswana|Ntlo ya Dikgosi]]. Ntlo ya Dikgosi e dira jaaka lekgotla le le gakololang Palamente ya Botswana. E na le maloko a le masome mararo le boraro go ya go a le masome mararo le botlhano. Gore motho a tshwanelege go nna leloko o tshwanetse go nna le dingwaga di le masome mabedi le motso e bile e le moagi. Go na le maemo a a tshwanang a a kgaolang setheo seno jaaka go na le a [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Khuduthamaga]]. Leloko le tlhomiwa dipaka tsa dingwaga di le tlhano. Ga go leloko lepe le le ka tsayang karolo mo dipolotiking tsa lekoko, mme maloko a le mantsi ke dikgosi tsa merafe. Setlhopha seno ga se na maatla a go dira melao, go akaretsa le maatla a go amogela kgotsa a go thibela, go na le moo ba gakolola Palamente ka ga melaokakanyetso le dikgato. Maatla a setheo se nang le one ke go bitsa maloko a puso go tlhagelela fa pele ga sone.<ref name=":1" /> === Boatlhodi === Karolo e e tlhalosa dikarolo tse di farologaneng tsa boatlhodi mo Botswana go akaretsa Kgotlakgolo ya Ditsheko, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo, le Khomišene ya Tirelo ya Boatlhodi.<ref name=":1" /> ==== Kgotlakgolo ya Ditsheko ==== Kgotlakgolo ya Ditsheko ya Botswana e dira jaaka motswedi o o kwa godimo wa semolao, o mo go ona kgotlatshekelo e nang le taolo e e senang selekanyo ya tshimologo ya go reetsa dikgetsi dipe fela. Kgotlakgolo e na le [[Moatlhodimogolo]] mmogo le baatlhodi ba bangwe ba le mmalwa, ba mo go bone palo e laolwang ke Palamente. Moatlhodimogolo o tlhomiwa ke Tautona, mmogo le Baatlhodi ba bangwe botlhe mme bano ba ka gakololwa Tautona ke Palamente. Gore motho a tshwanelege go nna moatlhodi mo kgotlatshekelong e o tshwanetse a bo a nnile moatlhodi, a nnile mmueledi, a nnile moporofesa wa molao yo o nang le dithuto tsa molao, kgotsa a nnile Mmakaseterata yo Mogolo. Go tlhomiwa mo kgotlatshekelong e ke go fitlha motho a fitlha dingwaga di le masome a supa. Lebaka le lengwe fela le le ka dirang gore moatlhodi a tswe mo kgotlakgolong ya ditsheko ke fa Palamente e swetsa gore motho ga a tlhole a kgona go dira ditiro tsa gagwe sentle.<ref name=":1" /> Kgotlakgolo ya Ditsheko e na le dithata tsa go ranola molaomotheo. Fa go na le go sa dumalane ka tlhaloso epe, go sa dumalane moo go rarabololwa ke Kgotlakgolo ya Ditsheko.<ref name=":1" /> ==== Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo ==== Kgotlatshekelo ya boikuelo e na le tshwanelo ya go reetsa kgetse nngwe le nngwe mo Botswana e mo go yone lekoko le lengwe le ikuetseng ka tshwetso e e bonweng. Kgotlatshekelo eno e na le [[Tautona wa Kgotlatshekelo]] ya boikuelo, baatlhodi ba bangwe ba le mmalwa, le Kgotlatshekelokgolo yotlhe. Fela jaaka Kgotlatshekelokgolo, Tautona o tlhomiwa ke Tautona fela jaaka baatlhodi ba bangwe, ka kgakololo ya Palamente. Gore motho a tshwanelege o tshwanetse a bo a ne a le moatlhodi, mmueledi kgotsa moporofesara wa molao. Jaaka go ntse ka Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko motho o tlhomiwa go fitlha a nna dingwaga di le masome a supa, fa e se fela fa Palamente e sa fitlhele a sa kgone ka nako ya fa a le mo tirong.<ref name=":1" /> ==== Kokoano ya Tirelo ya Boatlhodi ==== Kokoano ya Tirelo ya Boatlhodi e tlhamilwe go thusa go gakolola Tautona ka ga ditlhopho tsa boatlhodi. E na le Moatlhodimogolo, Tautona wa Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo, Mmueledi-mogolo, Modulasetilo wa Kokoano ya Tirelosetšhaba, leloko la Mokgatlho wa Molao le le tlhophilweng ke [[Mokgatlho wa Molao]], le motho yo o ikanyegang le a na le maitemogelo yo e seng modiri wa semolao yo o tlhomilweng ke Tautona.<ref name=":1" /> === Tirelosetšhaba === Karolo e e tlhalosa ka botlalo melao le melawana mabapi le tirelosetšhaba. Karolo e e bolela gore sengwe le sengwe se se sa tlhalosiwang mo molaomotheong kgotsa ka molao wa Palamente se tla nna ka fa tlase ga taolo ya ga Tautona. Gape go tla nna le Khuduthamaga ya Tirelo ya Setšhaba ya maloko a le mabedi go ya kwa go bone a a direlang dipaka tsa dingwaga di le tharo. Kokoano eno e reetsa boikuelo jotlhe jwa badiredipuso ba ba tlositsweng mo maemong a bone mme ba rata go boela kwa go one. Fa motho a sa dumalane le katlholo ya kokoano eno a ka ikuela ka tlhamalalo kwa go Tautona. Tautona o letleletswe go thapa kgotsa go tlosa batho go ya go kgotsa go tswa mo go: Moemedi, Moemedi Mogolo, Mokwaledi wa Kabinete, Mmueledikakaretso, Mokaedi wa Bosekisi jwa Setšhaba, Mokwaledi wa Leruri, Molaodi wa Sepodisi, le f. ofisi epe e nngwe ya maemo a a kwa godimo. Karolo eno gape e tlhoma dipeelo tse di ntšhwafadiwang tsa dingwaga di le tlhano tsa Mokaedi wa Botšhotšhisi jwa Setšhaba mmogo le go tlhoma tekanyetso ya dingwaga di le 60 tsa Mokaedi wa Bosekisi jwa Setšhaba le Modupi-Mogolo. Kwa bofelong, karolo e e sireletsa diphenšene tse di neng di le teng pele tsa batho ba ba amogelang diphenšene pele ga go tlhamiwa ga Molaomotheo.<ref name=":1" /> === Madi === Karolo eno e tlhalosa melao e e farologaneng ya tsa madi. E simolola ka go tlhoma Letlole la Kopanyo le mo go lone lotseno lotlhe lo lo dirilweng ke lefatshe lo tla kopanngwang go nna letlole le le lengwe. Palamente e laola tiriso ya letlole le. Matlole a tshoganyetso a ka tlhamiwa gape ke Palamente mo maemong a tshoganyetso gore go nne bonolo go dirisa matlole kwa ntle ga Letlole la Kopanyo. Go na le maemo a Modupi Mogolo a a arabelang dibuka tsa lefatshe.<ref name=":1" /> === Tsele le tsele === Karolo ya bofelo ya Molaomotheo e tlhalosa ka botlalo dikakanyo di le tharo tse dikgolo. Sa ntlha, e tlhoma thulaganyo ya gore modirelapuso a tlogele tiro ya gagwe. Sa bobedi, e bolela gore motho a ka tlhomiwa gape mo maemong a modirelapuso ntle le fa go sa letlelelwe ka tlhamalalo ke Molaomotheo kgotsa molao wa Palamente. Sa boraro, e tlhalosa dipolelwana tse di khutshwafaditsweng tse di dirisiwang jaaka "Kokoano" ya Khuduthamaga ya Botswana.<ref name=":1" /> == Ditshwaelo tsa barutegi tsa Molaomotheo == Le fa molaomotheo o ntse o tlhomame go ya ka go nna tokomane e e laolang, barutegi bangwe, go akaretsa [[Gretchen Bauer]], [[Druscilla Scribner]], [[John Holm]], ba nganga gore molaomotheo ga o sireletse [[basadi kgotsa batho ba ba kwa tlase]] ka mo go lekaneng.<ref name=":2">Holm, John D. "Botswana: A paternalistic democracy." ''World Affairs'' 150.1 (1987): 21–30.</ref><ref name=":3">Scribner, Druscilla, and Priscilla A. Lambert. "Constitutionalizing difference: A case study analysis of gender provisions in Botswana and South Africa." ''Politics & Gender'' 6.1 (2010): 37–61.</ref><ref name=":4">Bauer, Gretchen, and Jennie E. Burnet. "Gender quotas, democracy, and women's representation in Africa: Some insights from democratic Botswana and autocratic Rwanda." ''Women's Studies International Forum''. Vol. 41. Pergamon, 2013.</ref> Mo Botswana, go nnile le metsamao ya go leka go tlhoma [[dikarolo tsa bong]] mo molaomotheong, gore basadi ba kgone go gapa manno mo [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Kokoanong Bosetšhaba]].<ref name=":4" /> Se ke ka ntlha ya thulaganyo ya ditlhopho ya [[kgaolo ya go feta pele ga morago]], e e dirang gore go nne thata gore basadi ba lekoko lengwe le lengwe ba fenye manno.<ref name=":4" /> Le fa maiteko a karolelano ya bong mo lefatsheng a sa atlege thata, barutegi bangwe ba nganga gore a supa gore molaomotheo o paletswe ke go arabela tlhokego ya dipeelo tsa molaotheo tse di sireletsang [[kemedi ya basadi]].<ref name=":4" /> Molaomotheo wa Botswana o itsege ka go sa tseye letlhakore mo go feteletseng mo go tsa bong, ka tshupiso e le nngwe fela ya bong mo tokomaneng yotlhe.<ref name=":3" /> Bangwe ba nganga gore seno se mosola jaaka go bontsha tekatekano ya bong; le fa go ntse jalo, ba bangwe ba supa go sa tseye letlhakore mono ga bong jaaka go amogela [[kgethololo]] ya ''de facto''.<ref name=":3" /> Ba ba ngangang ka se ba bolela gore basadi ba tshwanetse go lwela melao ka tsela e e sa siamang, ka gore ba tshwanetse go bona melao e e ba letlang go dira dilo tse di tshwanetseng gobo ba setse ba di neetswe mo molaomotheong.<ref name=":3" /> Kganetso e nngwe ya molaomotheo ke gore o kwadilwe ke lekoko le le neng le busa.<ref name=":2" /> Lekoko la [[Botswana Democratic Party|Bechuanaland Democratic party]] (BDP) le tlhomilwe ke [[Seretse Khama]] pele Botswana e nna [[setšhaba se se ikemetseng ka nosi]], mme fa e sale lefatshe le bona boipuso BDP e ntse e le lone fela lekoko le le busang le le nosi (go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2024), le fa le tlhophilwe ka [[ditlhopho tsa puso ya batho ka batho]].<ref name=":2" /> Ka ntlha ya puso e e tswelelang ya lekoko le le lengwe leno, ba le bantsi ba tshaba gore molaomtheo o o leng teng o tsaya batlhophi letlhakore le le sa siamang mo lekokong le baemanokeng ba lone. Se gape se dirile gore go tshwaiwe diphoso ka ga [[kgotlhang ya maemo le merafe]].<ref name=":2" /> Bangwe ba akgola molaomotheo ka ntlha ya go letlelela kgaisano ya sepolotiki.<ref name=":5">Solway, Jacqueline S. "Navigating the neutral state: Minority rights in Botswana." ''Journal of Southern African Studies'' 28.4 (2002): 711–729.</ref> Ka ntlha ya fa [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Kokoano Bosetšhaba]] e tlhophiwa ka puso ya batho ka batho ke batho, e letla gore go nne le [[kemedi ya batho ba le mmalwa]] mo Kokoanong.<ref name=":5" /> Se se botlhokwa ka gonne mantswe a batho ba ba kwa tlase a ka fitlhega mo [[dithulaganyong dingwe tsa ditlhopho]], mme bangwe ba gatelela gore molaomotheo wa Botswana o sireletsa mantswe a batho ba ba kwa tlase.<ref name=":5" /> Kgang e nngwe e barutegi bangwe ba e dirang ke ka ga maatla a ga [[Tautona wa Botswana|Tautona]].<ref name=":6">Molomo, Mpho G. "Democracy under siege: the Presidency and executive powers in Botswana." (2000).</ref> Molaomotheo o baya maatla a mantsi mo maemong a ga Tautona, mme ka lefatshe le nnile le lekoko le le lengwe fela le le busang ga go na [[ditlhotlhomiso]] tse dintsi tsa gore ke mang yo o nnang Tautona le gore ke mang yo o kgonang go gakolola le go dumela ditiro dingwe tsa ga Tautona.<ref name=":6" /> Se se dirile gore barutegi bangwe ba kope gore [[go tlhophiwe Tautona ka tlhamalalo]] gore Tautona a rwale maikarabelo a mantsi ke batho mmogo le ke [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Kokoano Bosetšhaba]].<ref name=":6" /> Kganetso e nngwe ke tsela e molaomotheo o tshwarang [[merafe]] le [[molao wa merafe]] ka yone.<ref name=":7">Nyati-Ramahobo, Lydia. "From a phone call to the high court: Wayeyi visibility and the Kamanakao Association's campaign for linguistic and cultural rights in Botswana." ''Journal of Southern African Studies'' 28.4 (2002): 685–709.</ref> Molaomotheo o tshegetsa tsamaiso ya merafe, go akaretsa le [[Ntlo ya Dikgosi tsa Botswana|Ntlo ya Dikgosi]] kgotsa setlhopha sa bagakolodi ba merafe; le fa go ntse jalo, bangwe ba bolela gore seno se rata merafe e e maatla ka tsela e e sa siamang go tlogela merafe e mennye gore e busiwe ke setlhopha se se sa emeleng dikgatlhego tsa bone.<ref name=":7" /> Kgang e e bolela gore molaomotheo o tshwanetse go baakanngwa go akaretsa tsela e e bonolo le e e siameng ya go kgaoganya maatla mo merafeng, segolobogolo ka gonne dikgaogano tsa ga jaana di tlhodilwe le molaomotheo ka 1966.<ref name=":7" /> [[Jacqueline Solway]], [[Mpho Molomo]], le [[Lydia Nyati-Ramahobo]], gareng ga barutegi ba bangwe, ba akgola molaomotheo wa Botswana ka go bo o gatetse pele thata mo nakong ya one mo maitekong a one a go nna le [[tekatekano ya bong le ya batho ba ba kwa tlase]]; le fa go ntse jalo, go na le barutegi ba ba reng Molaomotheo o tlhoka tiro e e botlhokwa gore o kgone go lekalekana le go nna tshiamo.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /> == Metswedi == <references /> == Tse di kwa ntle == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110930065523/http://www.commonlii.org/bw/legis/const/1966/ Constitution of Botswana in English] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20250805061157/https://www.parliament.gov.bw/index.php?id=586&Itemid=540&option=com_content&view=article "Home"]. ''www.parliament.gov.bw''. [[Karolo:Dipolotiki tsa Botswana]] == Tshedimosetso == Pele ga puso ya batho-basweu e simologa mo Botswana, go ne go dirisiwa molaotheo wa setso. Molaomotheo o, o ne o akaretsa setlhopha sa melao e e ne e dirisiwa ke dikgosi tsa merafe kgotsa [[:en:Kgosi|diKgosi,]] tsa [[:en:Botswana_people|Batswana]] . <ref>Mafela, Lily (2007-12-15). "Batswana Women and Law". ''Cahiers d'études africaines''. '''47''' (187–188): 523–566. {{doi|10.4000/etudesafricaines.7962}}. {{ISSN|0008-0055}}</ref> Mo dingwageng tsa ntlha tsa [[Bechuanaland|tshireletso ya Bechuanaland]], bangwe ba e neng e se Batswana le bone ba ne ba busiwa ke melao e . <ref>Griffiths, J.E.S. (1970). {{JSTOR|40980765}} "A Note on Local Government in Botswana"]. ''Botswana Notes and Records''. '''2''': 64–70 </ref> Batsamaisi ba ba neng ba okametse tshireletso ya lefatshe la Bechuanaland ba ne ba boloka dikarolo dingwe tsa molaotheo wa setso; bontsi jwa yone ga e sa tlhole e le mo tirisong gompieno. <ref>Woolrych, Austin (1990). "The Cromwellian Protectorate: A Military Dictatorship?". ''History''. '''75''': 207–231.</ref> == Tshedimosetso == Pele ga puso ya batho-basweu e simologa mo Botswana, go ne go dirisiwa molaotheo wa setso. Molaomotheo o, o ne o akaretsa setlhopha sa melao e e neng e dirisiwa ke dikgosi tsa merafe kgotsa [[:en:Kgosi|diKgosi,]] tsa [[:en:Botswana_people|Batswana]] . <ref>Mafela, Lily (2007-12-15). "Batswana Women and Law". ''Cahiers d'études africaines''. '''47''' (187–188): 523–566. {{doi|10.4000/etudesafricaines.7962}}. {{ISSN|0008-0055}}</ref> Mo dingwageng tsa ntlha tsa [[Bechuanaland|tshireletso ya Bechuanaland]], bangwe ba e neng e se Batswana le bone ba ne ba busiwa ke melao e . <ref>Griffiths, J.E.S. (1970). {{JSTOR|40980765}} "A Note on Local Government in Botswana"]. ''Botswana Notes and Records''. '''2''': 64–70 </ref> Batsamaisi ba ba neng ba okametse tshireletso ya lefatshe la Bechuanaland ba ne ba boloka dikarolo dingwe tsa molaotheo wa setso; bontsi jwa yone ga e sa tlhole e le mo tirisong gompieno. <ref>Woolrych, Austin (1990). "The Cromwellian Protectorate: A Military Dictatorship?". ''History''. '''75''': 207–231.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 1959, komiti ya molaotheo ya Lekgotla le le kopanetsweng la Bogakolodi e ne ya thala molaotheo wa ntlha wa semmuso wa lefatshe la Bechuanaland, o o neng wa simolola go rekegelwa ka ngwaga wa 1960. <ref name=":0">Barry, Morton. ''Historical dictionary of Botswana''. Ramsay, Jeff, Based on (work): Morton, Fred, (5th ed.). Lanham, Maryland. {{ISBN|9781538111321}}. {{OCLC|1037884220}}</ref> Ka 1963 go ne ga simololwa ditherisano tsa molaotheo wa bobedi o o neng o tla letlelela puso ya go ipusa. <ref name=":0" /> [[Ditlhopho tsa 1965 tsa Bechuanaland|Ditlhopho tsa 1965]] di ne tsa tshwarwa ka fa tlase ga molaotheo o, o o neng o tshwantshanngwa le [[:en:Westminster_system|tsamaiso ya Westminster]] ya [[:en:Parliamentary_democracy|puso ya batho ka batho ya palamente]] : go ne go na le lekgotla la peomolao le le lengwe fela; tona-kgolo le khabinete ya matona a puso a le matlhano a a neng a na le maikarabelo mo lekgotleng la peomolao; le [[Ntlo ya Dikgosi tsa Botswana|Ntlo ya Dikgosi]] e e neng e itebagantse le ditherisano fela . <ref name=":0" /> == Tshedimosetso == Pele ga puso ya batho-basweu e simologa mo Botswana, go ne go dirisiwa molaotheo wa setso. Molaomotheo o, o ne o akaretsa setlhopha sa melao e e neng e dirisiwa ke dikgosi tsa merafe kgotsa [[:en:Kgosi|diKgosi,]] tsa [[:en:Botswana_people|Batswana]] . <ref>Mafela, Lily (2007-12-15). "Batswana Women and Law". ''Cahiers d'études africaines''. '''47''' (187–188): 523–566. {{doi|10.4000/etudesafricaines.7962}}. {{ISSN|0008-0055}}</ref> Mo dingwageng tsa ntlha tsa [[Bechuanaland|tshireletso ya Bechuanaland]], bangwe ba e neng e se Batswana le bone ba ne ba busiwa ke melao e . <ref>Griffiths, J.E.S. (1970). {{JSTOR|40980765}} "A Note on Local Government in Botswana"]. ''Botswana Notes and Records''. '''2''': 64–70 </ref> Batsamaisi ba ba neng ba okametse tshireletso ya lefatshe la Bechuanaland ba ne ba boloka dikarolo dingwe tsa molaotheo wa setso; bontsi jwa yone ga e sa tlhole e le mo tirisong gompieno. <ref>Woolrych, Austin (1990). "The Cromwellian Protectorate: A Military Dictatorship?". ''History''. '''75''': 207–231.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 1959, komiti ya molaotheo ya Lekgotla le le kopanetsweng la Bogakolodi e ne ya thala molaotheo wa ntlha wa semmuso wa lefatshe la Bechuanaland, o o neng wa simolola go rekegelwa ka ngwaga wa 1960. <ref name=":0">Barry, Morton. ''Historical dictionary of Botswana''. Ramsay, Jeff, Based on (work): Morton, Fred, (5th ed.). Lanham, Maryland. {{ISBN|9781538111321}}. {{OCLC|1037884220}}</ref> Ka 1963 go ne ga simololwa ditherisano tsa molaotheo wa bobedi o o neng o tla letlelela puso ya go ipusa. <ref name=":0" /> [[Ditlhopho tsa 1965 tsa Bechuanaland|Ditlhopho tsa 1965]] di ne tsa tshwarwa ka fa tlase ga molaotheo o, o o neng o tshwantshanngwa le [[:en:Westminster_system|tsamaiso ya Westminster]] ya [[:en:Parliamentary_democracy|puso ya batho ka batho ya palamente]] : go ne go na le lekgotla la peomolao le le lengwe fela; tona-kgolo le khabinete ya matona a puso a le matlhano a a neng a na le maikarabelo mo lekgotleng la peomelao; le [[Ntlo ya Dikgosi tsa Botswana|Ntlo ya Dikgosi]] e e neng e itebagantse le ditherisano fela . <ref name=":0" /> Fa lefatshe la Botswana le tsaya [[Ditso tsa lefatshe la Botswana|boipuso]] bo bo feleletseng ka ngwaga wa 1966, kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo, tonakgolo e ne ya emisediwa ka tautona yo o neng a tlhophilwe ke lekgotla la peomelao ( maina a matona a puso a lekgotla la [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Kokoano ya matona]] a ne a fetolwa ), mme tautona a neelwa dithata tsa bokhuduthamaga. <ref>Sebudubudu, David (December 2011). "Wealth Sharing for Conflict Prevention and Economic Growth: Botswana Case Study of Natural Resource Utilization For Peace and Development". ''University of Botswana''.</ref> Motseletsele wa diphetogo tse di dirilweng moragonyana tsa molaotheo o okeditse palo ya maloko a a tlhophilweng a lekgotla la Kokoano ya matona a puso, ga mmogo le maloko a Ntlo ya Dikgosi. Diphetogo tse dingwe tsa molaotheo di dirilwe ka ngwaga wa 1994 le ngwaga wa 1997 . <ref>Poteete, Amy. (2018). Renegotiation of Executive Powers and Executive–Legislative Relations in Botswana.</ref> d0e9vbmdsf7yvcpyrybekvij9xyzdui Lebala la Metshameko la Orlando 0 12263 52570 45663 2026-07-16T08:48:41Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52570 wikitext text/x-wiki    '''Lebala la Metshameko la Orlando''' ke lebala la metshameko la ditiro tse dintsi kwa Soweto, e leng motsesetoropo kwa [[Johannesburg|Johanesebeke]], mo porofenseng ya [[Gauteng]] mo [[Aforika Borwa]] . Ke lefelo le gae la [[Orlando Pirates F.C.|Orlando Pirates Football Club]], e leng setlhopha sa kgwele ya dinao sa seporofešenale se se tshamekang mo Liking ya Kgwele ya Dinao ya Bogolwane ebile e le ya Toropo ya Johanesebeke. Lebala la Metshameko la Orlando le tshwaretse Makgaolakgang a Sejana sa MTN 8 le Makgaolakgang a Sejana sa [[Nedbank]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://joburg.co.za/orlando-stadium-4/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2025-12-02 |archive-date=2025-08-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250829051612/https://joburg.co.za/orlando-stadium-4/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ditshupiso == [[Karolo:Coordinates on Wikidata]] ikcsl6bcutl8gn30cv9y34b4ehhmif0 Daphne (singer) 0 12517 52559 46781 2026-07-16T02:58:04Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52559 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Daphné Njiè Efunde.jpg|thumb|Daphne Njie ]] '''Daphne Njie Efundem''' (o belegwe ka 20 Lwetse 1989) o itsege jaaka Daphne, ke moopedi wa kwa Cameroon. O simolotse tiro ya gagwe ka ngwaga wa 2013 mme a golola pina ya gagwe ya ntlha e e bidiwang Rastafari ngwaga o o latelang, [https://www.culturebene.com/12223-daphne-rastafari.html <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>] mme a bona kamogelo ya boditšhabatšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2017 ka pina ya gagwe ya Calée. [https://www.afrikmag.com/musique-daphne-explique-fans-sens-de-je-suis-calee/ <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>] O ne a golola alebamo e e bidiwang Here to Stay ka 2016, le dipina di le lesome le bobedi. == Botshelo jwa gagwe le tiro == Daphne o tshotswe ka September 20, 1989 kwa [[:en:Buea|Buea]]. O goletse kwa [[:en:Douala|Douala]]. O tsene sekolo sa poraemari kwa Government School Bepanda kwa Douala, sekolo se segolwane kwa Queen of the Rosary College Okoyong kwa [[:en:Mamfe|Mamfe]] le Inter Comprehensive High School kwa Buea. Gape o ne a ithuta molao le thutotlhaloganyo kwa Yunibesithing ya Buea.[https://www.artbecomesyou.com/aby-interview-rastafari-singer-daphne-speaks-on-breaking-through-in-the-cameroon-music-industry-songwriting-more/ <nowiki>[ 3]</nowiki>] Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Daphne o ne a golola pina ya gagwe ya ntlha ya Rastafari kwa Stevens Music Entertainment label, e e mo thusitseng go bona kamogelo. Mo ngwageng ona oo, o ne a golola Reflection, pina e le nngwe e e nang le dipina tse nne e e nang le dipina tsa Ndolo, Broken, Reflection le Rastafari[http://www.lwn-mag.com/daphne-offre-premier-album-reflection-ep-en-exclusivite/ <nowiki>.[ 4]</nowiki>] [[Setshwantsho:Ben Decca et Daphne sur scène.jpg|thumb|Daphne a bina kwa AFRIMA ]] Ka 2016, o ne a laletsa moopedi Ben Decca go tla go opela pina ya Ndolo. Mo go one ngwaga oo, o ne a bidiwa Best Female Artist from Central Africa kwa African Muzik Magazine Awards (AFRIMMA) kwa USA. [https://fr.journalducameroun.com/afrimma-2016-daphne-elue-meilleur-artiste-feminin-dafrique-centrale/ <nowiki>[6]</nowiki>] Ka 2017, o ne a golola pina ya gagwe ya Calée, e e neng ya lebelelwa ke batho ba feta dimilione di le 10 mo go [[:en:YouTube|YouTube]] mo dikgweding di le mmalwa fela. O ne a dira mmogo le moopedi Rre. Leo le [[:en:Salatiel|Salatiel]] mo pineng eno. Katlego ya pina e e mo tliseditse dikgele di le dintsi, go akaretsa Pina ya Ngwaga le Mmino o o Molemolemo wa Basadi kwa Balafon Music Awards ka 2017.[1] Ka 2017, o ne a simolola loeto lwa gagwe lwa ntlha lwa Aforika, ka dikonsarata kwa [[:en:Ivory_Coast|Côte d'Ivoire]], [[Benin]], [[Gabon]], Togo le [[Equatorial Guinea]]. Ka 2018, o ne a opela kwa [[:en:Andoany|Andoany]] kwa setlhaketlhakeng sa [[:en:Nosy_Be|Nosy Be]] kwa Madagascar kwa kgatisong ya botlhano ya Moletlo wa Sômarôho o o rulagantsweng ngwaga le ngwaga ke moopedi Wawa. Ka 2019, Daphne o ne a nna mohumagadi wa kgatiso ya Canal 2'Or, a gapa dikgele di le nne a le nosi mo ditlhopheng tsa Female Artist of the Year, Female Urban Music Artist or Group, Best Digital Performance le Popular Song. [https://web.archive.org/web/20250119194231/http://www.cameroon-info.net/article/cameroun-awards-daphne-njie-sacree-reine-des-canal-2or-2019-335694.html <nowiki>[8]</nowiki>] Ke ene motaki wa ntlha mo hisetoring ya Canal 2'Or go gapa dikgele tse dintsi jaana mo kgatisong e le nngwe. [https://www.culturebene.com/49140-canal-2or-act12-daphne-remporte-4-trophees.html <nowiki>[ 9]</nowiki>] Mo go one ngwaga oo, o ne a fiwa gape serwalo sa go nna Motaki yo o Molemo wa Mosadi kwa Balafon Music Awards le mofenyi wa Talk Fashion le Art de la Diaspora Rise Up Gala e e neng e tshwaretswe kwa Paris ka Ferikgong 2020[https://web.archive.org/web/20200210141639/http://lauradavemedia.com/musique-daphne-le-bal-des-trophees-2020-est-ouvert-a-paris/ <nowiki>.[ 10]</nowiki>] Ka kgwedi ya Diphalane 2021, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la setlhopha sa baatlhodi sa The Voice Kids Afrique Francophone.[ 11] Ka ngwaga wa 2020, o ne a tlhagelela mo Fisherman's Diary kwa a neng a tshameka karolo ya Mme. Anang Joe. Ka 2021, o ne a tshameka kwa Moletlong wa Mmino wa Motse wa Anoumabo (Femua) kwa Ivory Coast.[ 12] == Personal life == Ka Phukwi 26, 2023, Daphne o ne a belega morwadie, a bidiwa Afanwi, kwa United States.[13] == Dipina tsa gagwe == '''diSingle''' •Ndolo (feat. Ben Decca) (2016) •Calée (2017) •Promets-moi (2017) •Jusqu'à la Gare (2017) •My Lover (2018) •Ne Lâches Pas (2018) •Doucement (2019) •Là-bas (2021) == Metswedi == [https://www.culturebene.com/12223-daphne-rastafari.html <nowiki>[1]"Daphne - Rastafari"</nowiki>]. Culturebene (in French). 16 August 2014. Retrieved 19 May 2024. [2]Mbena, Oscar (27 October 2017). "[https://www.afrikmag.com/musique-daphne-explique-fans-sens-de-je-suis-calee/ Musique: Daphne explique à ses fans le sens de « je suis calée »]". AfrikMag (in French). Retrieved 19 May 2024. [3]You, Art Becomes (5 September 2014). [https://web.archive.org/web/20240520130828/https://www.artbecomesyou.com/aby-interview-rastafari-singer-daphne-speaks-on-breaking-through-in-the-cameroon-music-industry-songwriting-more/ "ABY Interview: 'Rastafari' Singer Daphne Speaks on Breaking Through in The Cameroon Music Industry, Songwriting & More!"]. Art Becomes You. Retrieved 20 May 2024. [4]Nono, Brenda (22 December 2014). "[http://www.lwn-mag.com/daphne-offre-premier-album-reflection-ep-en-exclusivite/ Daphne vous offre son premier album « Reflection EP » en exclusivité!]". LWN Magazine (in French). Retrieved 19 May 2024. [5]Nehdi, Dariche (30 June 2016). [https://www.culturebene.com/21772-daphne-ben-decca-chantent-ndolo.html "Daphné et Ben Decca nous chantent « NDOLO »]". Culturebene (in French). Retrieved 19 May 2024. [6] Bertin, Onana (17 October 2016). "[https://fr.journalducameroun.com/afrimma-2016-daphne-elue-meilleur-artiste-feminin-dafrique-centrale/ Afrimma 2016: Daphné élue meilleur artiste féminin d'Afrique Centrale]". Journal du Cameroun (in French). [https://web.archive.org/web/20241126214526/http://www.cameroon-info.net/article/cameroun-musique-les-artistes-x-maleya-lady-ponce-mister-leo-et-daphne-triomphent-aux-balafon-276726.html <nowiki>[7] "Cameroon-Info.Net</nowiki>]". www.cameroon-info.net (in French). Retrieved 19 May 2024 hsqc1fi99x6zj3ippd4refhpy077rkw Kwena 0 12730 52569 47662 2026-07-16T08:33:52Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52569 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kwena''' kgotsa '''kwena ya boammaruri''' ke segagabi se segolo se se nnang mo metsing se se nnang mo boboatsatsi jotlhe mo [[Aferika|Aforika]], Asia, Amerika le [[Australia]] . Lereo "kwena" ka dinako tse dingwe le dirisiwa ka tsela e e sa gagamalang go akaretsa ditokololo tsotlhe tse di setseng di le teng tsa thulaganyo ya Crocodilia, e e akaretsang dialligator le di-caiman (ka bobedi ke maloko a lelapa la "Alligatoridae"), gharial le gharial ya maaka (ka bobedi maloko a lelapa la "Gavialidae") mmogo le ditaxa tse dingwe tse di sa tlholeng di le teng. Athikele e e tla dirisa " kwena "kgotsa" kwena ya nnete" go kaya fela mefuta e e akareditsweng mo lelapeng la Crocodylidae, e e leng teng kgotsa e e sa tlholeng e le teng . == Thuto ya mafoko == Lefoko ''kwena'' (''croc'') le tswa mo pakeng ya Seesemane sa Bogare<ref name="OED">{{Cite web |date= |title=crocodile noun |url=https://www.oed.com/dictionary/crocodile_n?tl=true |website=www.oed.com |publisher=Oxford University Press |via=Cresswell (2010) www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780199547920.001.0001/acref-9780199547920-e-1305: "ME"}}</ref> go tswa mo thanolong ya ''krokódilos'' ya lefoko la Segerika [a] le le ranotsweng jaaka "seboko sa matlapa".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Creating Oxford University Press - Wikipedia |url=https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_University_Press |access-date=2026-02-25 |website=tn.wikipedia.org |language=tn}}</ref> [b] Go ralala Gerika wa Bogologolo<ref>{{Cite web |title=Perseus Lookup Tool |url=http://perseus.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/cgi-bin/vor?lookup=krokodeilos&lang=greek |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303205859/http://perseus.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/cgi-bin/vor?lookup=krokodeilos&lang=greek |archive-date=3 March 2016 |access-date=30 July 2008}}</ref> lefoko la [[Sekgowa|puo ya Seesemane]] le tlhamilwe<ref>{{Cite web |title=Creating Oxford University Press - Wikipedia |url=https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_University_Press |access-date=2026-02-25 |website=tn.wikipedia.org |language=tn}}</ref> Motswedi wa bogologolo thata wa Segerika sa Bogologolo o o leng teng ke Tlhamane ya ga Aesop e e bidiwang ya lekgolo la dingwaga la borataro BCHerodotus<ref>{{Cite web |title=Creating University of Belgrade - Wikipedia |url=https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Belgrade |access-date=2026-02-25 |website=tn.wikipedia.org |language=tn}}</ref> dingwaga di le lekgolo morago ga moo fa a ne a akanyetsa lefoko la Segerika o ne a akanya gore le tswa mo motlheng wa Ionic.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Creating Herodotus - Wikipedia |url=https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodotus |access-date=2026-02-25 |website=tn.wikipedia.org |language=tn}}</ref> Lefoko la puo ya Selatine ''kwena'' le ne le le teng mo ngwagakgolong wa ntlha AD mo bukeng ya ''Naturalis Historia'' ya ga Pliny yo Mogolo.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Pliny the Elder |author-link=Pliny the Elder |date=1938 |title=Natural Histories |url=https://www.loebclassics.com/view/pliny_elder-natural_history/1938/pb_LCL330.3.xml |publisher=[[Harvard University Press]] |isbn= |editor-last=<small><small>HENDERSON</small></small> |editor-first=<small><small>JEFFREY</small></small> |series=[[Loeb Classical Library]] |publication-place=[[Harvard University]] |language=Latin |chapter=XXVIII |doi=10.4159/DLCL.pliny_elder-natural_history.1938 |issn= |chapter-url=https://www.loebclassics.com/view/pliny_elder-natural_history/1938/pb_LCL418.77.xml |via=Luigi Prada (2023) www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/zaes-2021-0024/html |access-date=2026-02-24 |archive-date=2026-02-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260209034531/https://www.loebclassics.com/view/pliny_elder-natural_history/1938/pb_LCL330.3.xml |url-status=dead }}</ref> Dikai tse di kwadilweng mo lekgolong la dingwaga la borataro le la bosupa AD, "{{Lang|la|crocodillorum}} le {{Lang|la|crocodili}}" e ne e le teng,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Creating University of Belgrade - Wikipedia |url=https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Belgrade |access-date=2026-02-25 |website=tn.wikipedia.org |language=tn}}</ref> le fa e {{Lang|la|corcodrillus}}<ref name="pdf33468">{{Cite journal |last=traulsen |first=johannes |date=2018 |title=The Desert Fathers' Beasts Crocodiles in Medieval German Monastic Literature |url=https://riviste.unimi.it/interfaces/article/download/9625/pdf/33468 |journal=Interfaces |publisher=[[Milan University|Milano University Press]] (www.unimi.it/en/university/la-statale/milano-university-press-our-publishing-house) |volume=5 |issue= |page=79 |doi=10.13130/interfaces-05-07 |via=(riviste.unimi.it/interfaces/article/download/9625/pdf/33468) www.dictionary.com/browse/crocodile: [[Dictionary.com]] |doi-access=}}</ref> le {{Lang|la|cocodrillus}}<ref name="Несторов" /> e ne e le popego tsa Selatine sa Metlha ya Bogare<ref>{{Cite web |title=Milano University Press, our publishing house {{!}} Università degli Studi di Milano Statale |url=https://www.unimi.it/en/university/la-statale/milano-university-press-our-publishing-house |access-date=2026-02-25 |website=www.unimi.it}}</ref> Mofuta wa Selatine o fitlhelwa e le ''cocodrille'' c. lekgolo la bo13 la dingwaga mo bukeng ya Sefora sa bogologolo ya Li livres dou tresor, e mo go yone croc. ke ''jaune'' (e e serolwana).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Paolo Acquaviva |title=Varieties of definiteness and constructionist interpretation |url=https://rolinc.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/acquaviva-rolinc-21.2.23.pdf |website=rolinc.org |publisher=Romance Linguistics Circle - Università di Bergamo, University of Cambridge, Università di Messina, University of Newcastle, University of Oxford |page=13 |publication-date=21 February 2023 |quote=The OF is found quoted from Mathieu (2009)}}</ref> == Ditshupiso == {{Reflist|30em}} l3yjsnysqi3ouxdvsxyy161ck0lzrg8 Hopewell Chin'ono 0 13677 52564 50803 2026-07-16T06:44:06Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52564 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hopewell Rugoho-Chin'ono''' ke mmegadikgang wa kwa Zimbabwe. O fentse dietsele di le mmalwa mo [[bobegadikgannyeng]] mme o dirile mo bobegadikgannyeng [[jwa kgatiso]] le [[jwa kgaso]]. E ne e le moithuti kwa Harvard.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-07-19 |title=Zimbabwejournalists.com: Zimbabwean journalist wins prestigious award |url=http://www.zimbabwejournalists.com/story.php?art_id=3601&cat=1 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719121259/http://www.zimbabwejournalists.com/story.php?art_id=3601&cat=1 |archive-date=19 July 2011 |access-date=2022-01-01 |website=}}</ref> Ke modiri wa difilimi tsa ditokomane. E ne e le Motlhagisi wa mmegi wa [[Dikgang tsa ITV]] tsa Aforika go tloga ka 2008 go ya go 2015 le mmegadikgang wa [[New York Times]] wa Zimbabwe wa mafatshe a sele go tloga ka 2015 go ya go 2017. == Ka ga gagwe == Hopewell o ne a katisiwa go nna mmegadikgang kwa Setheong sa Ditlhaeletsano tsa Setshaba sa Zimbabwe pele ga a bona digerata tsa gagwe tsa ntlha ya Masters wa Arts ya Bobegadikgang jwa Boditšhabatšhaba kwa sekolong sa Bobegadikgang sa Yunibesithi ya City kwa Lontone, kwa Enyelane. Fa a sena go aloga kwa City University, e ne e le motlhagisi wa radio yo o ikemetseng ka nosi mme ka 2003 o ne a boela kwa Zimbabwe go ya go dira jaaka mogasi yo o ikemetseng ka nosi wa BBC. Puso ya Zimbabwe e ne ya gana go mo naya tetla ya go dira tiro ya gagwe ka ntlha ya kgolagano ya gagwe le BBC.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2026)">go tlhokega nopolo</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> O fentse thuso ya madi a go ithuta ya Puso ya Boritane ya Chevening ka 2006 ya go buisa difilimi kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Brunel]], koo a neng a bona dikirii ya Masters ya Arts mo go Direng ka Ditokomane ka 2007.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hopewell Rugoho-Chin'ono |url=https://alinstitute.org/17-about-fellows/137-herine-otieno-menya |access-date=2021-11-16 |website=alinstitute.org |archive-date=2021-11-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116200750/https://alinstitute.org/17-about-fellows/137-herine-otieno-menya |url-status=dead }}</ref> O ne a boela kwa Zimbabwe ka 2007 mme a dira filimi ya ditokomane e e bidiwang ''Pain in My Heart'' e e neng ya gapa sekgele sa Mmegadikgang wa Aforika wa ngwaga wa 2008 wa CNN,<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Graça Machel Trust statement regarding the fraudulent scholarships issued in Zimbabwe using the Trust's credentials |url=http://gracamacheltrust.org/2018/09/13/graca-machel-trust-statement-regarding-the-fraudulent-scholarships-issued-in-zimbabwe-using-the-trusts-credentials/ |access-date= |website=}}</ref> Sekgele sa Boeteledipele sa 2008 sa Mobishopo Mogolo [[Desmond Tutu]] le Sekgele sa [[Mokgatlho wa Lelapa la Kaiser]] sa go Bega ka Botswerere mo Aforika ka HIV/AIDS. Morago ga go dira ''Pain in My Heart'' o ne a tlhoma Television International kwa Zimbabwe, ntlo ya tlhagiso e e neng e tlhagisa dikgang tsa ITN le e.tv ya Aforika Borwa. Gape o dirile le CNN International jaaka motlhagisi wa mmegi mo dikabelong tse di kgethegileng mme a tlhagisetsa Sky News, BBC [[Newsnight]] le RTE ya Ireland.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2026)">go tlhokega nopolo</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Ka 2008 o ne a ya kwa Sekolong sa Kgwebo sa Saïd sa [[Yunibesithi ya Oxford]] kwa a neng a abelwa Fellowship ya Tutu mo Boeteledipeleng jwa Aforika gone. Hopewell ke [[fellow wa Nieman]] kwa Yunibesithing ya Harvard, mmegadikgang wa boraro wa Zimbabwe go gapa Fellowship mo bobegadikgannyeng ka 2009. Ka 2009 e ne e le mofenyi wa seetsele ya Puisano ya Thuso ya Amerika kwa Zimbabwe ka ntlha ya go Bega ga gagwe ka HIV le AIDS. Ka 2010 o ne a tlhophiwa go bona seetsele sa thelebišene ya Rory Peck ka ntlha ya filimi ya gagwe ya ditokomane ''ya A Violent Response''. ''A Violent Response'' e ne ya tlhophelwa Sekgele sa Lefatshe Lotlhe sa Thelebišene sa BANFF sa 2010 kwa Canada.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=20 July 2020 |title=Zimbabwe: Authorities continue their crackdown on dissent with arrest of investigative journalist and activist |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2020/07/zimbabwe-authorities-continue-their-crackdown-on-dissent-with-arrest-of-investigative-journalist-and-activist/ |access-date=2020-07-21 |website=www.amnesty.org |language=en}}</ref> == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Articles with hCards]] mujtgk6fn6lrxrgbpvcr6uh8umc6zww Letsha la Rwanyakazinga 0 13806 52580 51197 2026-07-16T09:51:10Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52580 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Rwanda relief location map.jpg|thumb|Lefelo mo Rwanda]] '''Letsha la Rwanyakazinga''' (le gape le itsegeng jaaka Letsha la Rwanyakizinga) ke letsha la kwa [[Rwanda]] le le leng mo [[Akagera National Park]], le le kgabaganyang kgaolo ya Nyagatare le kgaolo ya Gatsibo kwa Eastern Province. E e botona jwa 19,6 km2, mme e bogodimo jwa dimetara di le sekete,makgolo a mane le masome a mane le bobedi mme e bopa karolo ya nngwe ya ditikwatikwe tse di sireleditsweng tse di kgolo go gaisa tsa Afrika Botlhaba-Bogare. <ref name=":0">Vanden Bossche, J.P.; Bernacsek, G.M. (1990). "Rwanda". [https://www.fao.org/3/T0473E/T0473E07.htm#ch15 ''Source book for the inland fishery resources of Africa: 1''.] CIFA Technical Paper. Vol. 18. Rome: [[:en:Food_and_Agriculture_Organization|Food and Agriculture Organization]]. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/92-5-102983-0|92-5-102983-0]]</bdi>. Retrieved 6 April 2026.</ref><ref name=":1">Fickas, K.C.; Cohen, W.B.; Yang, Z. (2017). [[doi:10.3390/su9020174|"Mapping and Monitoring the Akagera Wetland in Rwanda".]] ''Sustainability''. '''9''' (2): 174. Bibcode:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017Sust....9..174N 2017Sust....9..174N]. doi:[[doi:10.3390/su9020174|10.3390/su9020174]]. hdl:[[hdl:1854/LU-8576813|1854/LU-8576813.]]</ref>Letsha ke lefelo le le botlhokwa la diphologolo tsa naga, le tshegetsa di-hippopotamus, dikwena tsa Nile, le dinonyane tse di farologaneng, mme mabopo a lone le dintshi tsa papyrus di etelwa ke mefuta e mentsi ya diamusi tse dikgolo tse di tlwaelegileng mo phakeng ya bosetšhaba. <ref name=":2">Hughes, R. H.; Hughes, J. S. (1992). ''[https://portals.iucn.org/library/sites/library/files/documents/1992-007.pdf A Directory of African Wetlands]'' (PDF). [[:en:IUCN|IUCN]]. pp. 199–210. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/2-88032-949-3|<bdi>2-88032-949-3</bdi>.]] Retrieved 6 April 2026.</ref><ref>[https://yellowzebrasafaris.com/us/rwanda/accommodation/magashi-camp/ "Wilderness Magashi Camp – Rwanda Luxury Safari".] ''Yellow Zebra Safaris''. Retrieved 6 April 2026.</ref> == Dipopego tsa lefatshe == Letsha la Rwanyakazinga le botona wa jwa 19,6 km2 le bophara jwa 43,7 km. E na le sebopego se se sekhutshwane ka tsela ya borwabophirima-bophirima-bokone-botlhaba, ka boleele jwa 10,3 km le bophara jwa 4,3 km. Boteng jo bo kwa godimo jwa Letsha la Rwanyakazinga ke 4.3 m. <ref name=":0" /> <ref>Chris (31 January 2025). [https://web.archive.org/web/20260418033151/https://www.nativeafricatours.com/lake-rwanyakazinga-in-akagera-national-park/ "Lake Rwanyakazinga in Akagera National Park".] ''Native Africa Tours''. Retrieved 6 April 2026.</ref>Karolo ya bokone e mo kgaolong ya Karangazi ya Kgaolo ya Nyagatare, fa karolo ya borwa e le mo kgaolong ya Rwimbogo ya Kgaolo ya Gatsibo. Kwa borwabotlhaba jwa Letsha la Rwanyakazinga go na le [[Letsha la Mihindi.]] Metsi ano ka bobedi ke karolo ya setlhopha sa matsha a a leng kafa letlhakoreng le lengwe la [[Noka ya Kagera]] le a a mo mafelong a a bongola a Akagera. Le fa go ntse jalo, bontsi jwa matsha ano ga a golaganngwe le Noka ya Kagera ka tsela e e sa feleng. Seno se direga ka paka ya dipula, e e nnang gabedi ka ngwaga, mme melatswana e mentsi e e elelang ka paka ya dipula le yone e elela mo matsheng ka nako eno. Ka jalo, metsi a a fa tlase ga lefatshe a farologana ka dimetara di le 1 go ya go di le 1,5. Palogotlhe ya pula e e nang ngwaga le ngwaga mo kgaolong eno ke 650 go ya go 900 mm. <ref name=":2" /><ref name=":0" /> [[Setshwantsho:Rwanda relief location map.jpg|thumb|Lefelo mo Rwanda]] Dipatisiso tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bosupa tse di neng di etsa mmapa wa sebaka se nang le metsi sa Akagera e fumane hore, ha matsha a mmalwa a tsamaisong ena a ntse a fokotseha, Letša la Rwanyakazinga le ile la ba le keketseho e itseng pakeng tsa dinako tse dipatisiso tse di tlhatlhobilweng. <ref name=":1" /> == Dimela le diphologolo == Letsha la Rwanyakazinga ke legae la dinonyane tsa [[noka le dikwena tsa Nile;]] dikgopa le di-amphibian le tsona di tlwaelegile mo letsheng le mo tikologong ya lone. <ref name=":2" /> <ref name=":3">[https://faolex.fao.org/docs/pdf/rwa151563.pdf Progress Report on the Fisheries of Akagera National Park Lakes] (PDF) (Report). [[:en:Food_and_Agriculture_Organization|Food and Agriculture Organization]]. Retrieved 6 April 2026.</ref>Serapa sa Bosetšhaba sa Akagera se tshegetsa mefuta e e farologaneng ya diphologolo tse di amusang, mme diphologolo tse di jaaka [[ditlou]], [[dinare]], [[dipitse tsa naga,]] [[dinare tsa metsi]], dinare tsa kwa borwa, [[dinare tsa Grimm's duikers]], roan antelopes, impalas, warthogs, le dinkwe gantsi di nna mo dintshing tsa letsha. <ref name=":2" /> Lefelo la papyrus le le fa thoko ga letsha le na le mefuta e e tlhomologileng ya dinonyane, go akaretsa papyrus gonolek le ntsu ya tlhapi ya Afrika. The Avibase checklist for Akagera National Park records 503 species in the park as a whole. 26Lenane la go lekola la Avibase la Phaka ya Bosetšhaba ya Akagera le kwadile mefuta e le makgolo a matlhano le boraro mo phakeng ka kakaretso. <ref>[https://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/checklist.jsp?region=RW02ak "Bird checklists – Akagera National Park".] ''Avibase''. Bird Studies Canada. Retrieved 6 April 2026.</ref> Tilapia le catfish ke mefuta e megolo ya ditlhapi e e begilweng mo tsamaisong ya matsha a Akagera, go akaretsa Letšha la Rwanyakazinga. <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" /> == Ditlhapi == Go tshwarwa ditlhapi mo letsheng. Tilapia le catfish ke mefuta e e botlhokwa ya kgwebo e e tshwarwang kwa matsheng a Akagera, go akaretsa Lake Rwanyakazinga. Mokgatlho wa Dijo le Temothuo o kwadile matshwenyego ka go fokotsega ga ditlhapi mo matsheng otlhe a Serapa sa Bosetšhaba sa Akagera. <ref name=":3" /> == Metswedi == 5ohdtoej8fqmtldch5chmgw7parpqve Letsha la Chala 0 13822 52576 51227 2026-07-16T09:43:10Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52576 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Lake Chala.jpg|thumb|Letsha la Chala]] '''Letsha la Chala''', gape le itsege jaaka [[Letsha la Challa]], ke [[letsha la crater]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230422024256/https://www.go2africa.com/destinations/tanzania/why-go "Tanzania » Places Of Interest » Lake Chala".] ''go2africa.com''. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20230422024256/https://www.go2africa.com/destinations/tanzania/why-go the original] on 22 April 2023. Retrieved 12 June 2010.</ref> le le mo molelwaneng wa [[Kenya]] le [[Tanzania]]. Letsha leno le ne la bopiwa dingwaga di ka nna 250 000 tse di fetileng. <ref>Jorunn Dieleman; Moritz Muschick; Wanja Dorothy Nyingi; Dirk Verschuren (4 April 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20180627173649/http://www.aqua.iee.unibe.ch/unibe/portal/fak_naturwis/d_dbio/b_ioekev/abt_ae/content/e60752/e339757/e376721/files681202/Dieleman_Muschicketal.2018_Hydrobio_LakeChala_eng.pdf "Species integrity and origin of ''Oreochromis hunteri'' (Pisces: Cichlidae), endemic to crater Lake Chala (Tanzania-Kenya)"] (PDF). [[:en:Hydrobiologia|''Hydrobiologia''.]] Advances in Cichlid Research III. '''832''': 12. doi:[[doi:10.1007/s10750-018-3570-7|10.1007/s10750-018-3570-7.]] S2CID [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:4591524 4591524]. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20180627173649/http://www.aqua.iee.unibe.ch/unibe/portal/fak_naturwis/d_dbio/b_ioekev/abt_ae/content/e60752/e339757/e376721/files681202/Dieleman_Muschicketal.2018_Hydrobio_LakeChala_eng.pdf the original] (PDF) on 27 June 2018. Retrieved 27 June 2018.</ref> Letsha le kwa botlhaba jwa [[Mount Kilimanjaro]], dikilometara di robabobedi (5.0 mi) bokone jwa [[Taveta]], [[Kenya]], le dikilometara di le masome a matlhano le botlhano (34 mi) botlhaba jwa [[Kgaolo ya Rombo]]. Letsha leno le dikologilwe ke lekgwamolelo le le tsholetsegileng le le nang le bogodimo jwa dikilometara di le lekgolo le masome a supa(560 ft).<ref>Christian Wolff; Iris Kristen-Jenny; Georg Schettler; Birgit Plessen; Hanno Meyer; Peter Dulski; Rudolf Naumann; Achim Brauer; Dirk Verschuren; Gerald H. Haug (2014). [https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/36193/1/Wolff_LO_2014.pdf "Modern seasonality in Lake Challa (Kenya/Tanzania) and its sedimentary documentation in recent lake sediments"] (PDF). [[:en:Limnology_and_Oceanography|''Limnology and Oceanography''.]] '''59''' (5): 1621. doi:[[doi:10.4319/lo.2014.59.5.1621|10.4319/lo.2014.59.5.1621.]]</ref> Palogare ya pula e e nang ngwaga le ngwaga ya Letsha la Chala ke 565 mm. <ref name=":0">J. Moemaut; D. Verschuren; F. Charlet; I. Kristen; M. Fagot; M. De Batist (13 January 2010). "[http://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/ocrd/229981.pdf The seismic-stratigraphic record of lake-level fluctuations in Lake Challa: Hydrological stability and change in equatorial East Africa over the last 140 kyr"] (PDF). [[:en:Earth_and_Planetary_Science_Letters|''Earth and Planetary Science Letters''.]] '''290''' (1–2): 214–223. doi:[[doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2009.12.023|10.1016/j.epsl.2009.12.023.]] Retrieved 27 June 2018.</ref>: 215 Bogodimo jwa letsha bo na le palogare ya mowafalo wa ngwaga le ngwaga wa dimilimetara di le sekete,makgolo a supa la masome a mararo le botlhano (68.3 in).<ref name=":1">L. K. Buckles; D. Verschuren; J. W. H. Weijers; C. Cocquyt; M. Blaauw; J. S. S. Damste (2016). [https://pure.qub.ac.uk/portal/files/43901012/lake.pdf "Interannual and (multi-)decadal variability in the sedimentary BIT index of Lake Challa, East Africa, over the past 2200 years: assessment of the precipitation proxy"] (PDF). [[:en:Climate_of_the_Past|''Climate of the Past''.]] '''12''' (5): 1244. doi:[[doi:10.5194/cp-12-1243-2016|10.5194/cp-12-1243-2016]]. Retrieved 27 June 2018.</ref>Go fopholediwa gore diperesente di le masome a marataro tsa metsi a a tsenang mo letsheng leno a tswa mo metsing a a kafa tlase ga lefatshe, a bontsi jwa one a tswang mo dipula tse di nang mo sekgweng sa dithaba sa Thaba ya Kilimanjaro e e bogodimo jwa dimetara di le sekete le makgolo a robabobedi go ya ko diketeng tse pedi le makgolo a robabobedi . <ref name=":1" />Go tsaya dikgwedi di ka nna tharo gore metsi a a kafa tlase ga lefatshe a fitlhe kwa letsheng. <ref name=":0" />: 221 Metsi a a kwa tlase ga lefatshe a ne a elela mo letsheng ka selekanyo sa ngwaga le ngwaga sa 8,390,000 cubic metres (296,000,000 cu ft) go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bone go fitlha ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bosupa .<ref>B. R. Payne (1982). [https://web.archive.org/web/20180625161058/https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/0eb4/3f2932b390a81d7a1e15ae178f59dabd2520.pdf "Radioisotopes for the Estimation of the Water Balance of Lakes and Reservoirs"] (PDF). ''Tracer Methods in Isotope Hydrology''. [[:en:International_Atomic_Energy_Agency|International Atomic Energy Agency:]] 161. Archived from [https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/0eb4/3f2932b390a81d7a1e15ae178f59dabd2520.pdf the original] (PDF) on 25 June 2018. Retrieved 25 June 2018.</ref> == Tikologo == Tlhapi e le nngwe fela e e fitlhelwang mo letsheng leno ke tilapia ya letsha la Chala (Oreochromis hunteri), e e sa bonweng gope go sele mo lefatsheng.<ref>[http://www.fishbase.org/summary/speciessummary.php?id=2032 "''Oreochromis hunteri''".] ''fishbase.org''. Retrieved 25 June 2018.</ref><ref>Dieleman, J.; M. Muschick; W.D. Nyingi; D. Verschuren (2019). [https://boris.unibe.ch/116496/ "Species integrity and origin of Oreochromis hunteri (Pisces: Cichlidae), endemic to crater Lake Chala (Kenya–Tanzania)"]. ''Hydrobiologia''. '''832''' (1): 269–282. doi:[[doi:10.1007/s10750-018-3570-7|10.1007/s10750-018-3570-7.]] S2CID [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:4591524 4591524.]</ref>E tsewa e le mo kotsing ya go nyelela ke IUCN, <ref>[http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/60634/0 "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Oreochromis hunteri".] International Union for Conservation of Nature. 2006. Retrieved 25 June 2018.</ref> mme jaanong e feta ka palo ya mefuta e mengwe ya tilapia e e tlisitsweng kwa Letsheng la Chala. <ref>Moser, F.N.; J.C. van Rijssel; B. Ngatunga; S. Mwaiko; O. Seehausen (2019). [https://boris.unibe.ch/120465/7/Moser%20et%20al.%202018%20Hydrobiologia%20Lake%20Chala_accepted%20version.pdf "The origin and future of an endangered crater lake endemic; phylogeography and ecology of Oreochromis hunteri and its invasive relatives"] (PDF). ''Hydrobiologia''. '''832''' (1): 283–296. doi:[[doi:10.1007/s10750-018-3780-z|10.1007/s10750-018-3780-z.]] S2CID 52944759.</ref><ref>Volkman, John K.; Smittenberg, Rienk H. (2017), "Lipid Biomarkers as Organic Geochemical Proxies for the Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction of Estuarine Environments", ''Applications of Paleoenvironmental Techniques in Estuarine Studies'', Springer Netherlands, pp. 173–212, doi:[[10.1007/978-94-024-0990-1_8]], ISBN 978-94-024-0988-8</ref> Mosadi wa dingwaga di le lesome le borobabobedi wa kwa Boritane o ne a bolawa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bobedi ke kwena e nnye ya Nile fa a ne a thuma bosigo mo letsheng. Malatsi a le mmalwa morago ga moo, ba Sepodisi sa Kenya ba ne ba re letsha le "tletse" ka dikwena, fa ba Kenya Wildlife Service ba ne ba re, "Dikwena di fitlhelwa mo Letsha la Chala mme ga go a sireletsega go thuma gotlhelele" == Metswedi == dzk3v13lvg1pbdko0ixdxygf5hp6nba Letsha la Otjikoto 0 13905 52579 51325 2026-07-16T09:49:33Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52579 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Otjikoto Lake.jpg|thumb|Letsha la Otjikoto]] '''Letsha la Otjikoto''' ke lone letsha le lennye go a le mabedi fela a tlholego a a nnelang ruri kwa [[Namibia|Namibia.]] Ke letsha le le nang le diphatlha le le tlhodilweng ke go gosomana ga legaga la karst. <ref name=":0">Irish, John (1991). [https://web.archive.org/web/20131211021628/http://content.ajarchive.org/cdm4/doc_viewer.php?CISOROOT=%2F10115498&CISOPTR=516&CISOBOX=0 "Conservation aspects of karst waters in Namibia"]. ''Madoqua''. '''17''' (2): 141–146. Archived from [http://content.ajarchive.org/cdm4/doc_viewer.php?CISOROOT=/10115498&CISOPTR=516&CISOBOX=0 the original] on 11 December 2013. Retrieved 30 November 2013.</ref>E bokgakala jwa dikilometara di le lesome (12 mi) bokone-bophirima jwa Tsumeb le dimetara di le lekgolo fela go tswa mo tseleng e kgolo ya B1.<ref name=":0" /> Letsha leno le ne la dirwa segopodiso sa bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bobedi . <ref name=":1">Voigt, Andreas (2004). [https://books.google.com/books?id=h0h0AAAAMAAJ ''National Monuments in Namibia: An Inventory of Proclaimed National Monuments in the Republic of Namibia''.] Gamsberg Macmillan. pp. 24–25. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9991605932|9991605932]]</bdi>.</ref> Bogare jwa letsha leno ke dimetara di le lekgolo le bobedi; go ya ka dipatlisiso tse di dirilweng, go dumelwa gore boteng jwa lone bo feta dimetara di le 91,44. Go ya ka mokgatlho wa tshedimosetso ya bojanala wa Namibia,<ref>[http://www.namibia-1on1.com/lake-otjikoto.html "Lake Otjikoto A Window Into The Past".] namibia-1on1.com. Retrieved 2012-06-06.</ref> "boteng bo farologana go tswa go dimetara di le masome a marataro le bobedi mo letlhakoreng go ya go dimetara di le lekgolo mo bogareng - mme mo mafelong a mangwe a a tswang mo letlhakoreng - boteng jwa dimetara di le lekgolo bo ne jwa begiwa", fa setlhogo se se mo Allgemeine Zeitung<ref>Springer, Marc (2009-05-27). [https://web.archive.org/web/20120528145219/http://www.az.com.na/tourismus/english-articles/descending-into-another-world-cave-diving-in-namibia.86352.php "Descending into another world: Cave diving in Namibia".] Allgemeine Zeitung. Archived from [http://www.az.com.na/tourismus/english-articles/descending-into-another-world-cave-diving-in-namibia.86352.php the original] on 2012-05-28. Retrieved 2012-06-06.</ref>se tlhalosa bothata jwa boteng: "Letsha leno le tsenelela mo thulaganyong ya dikhuti tse di ka fa letlhakoreng mme seo se dira gore go nne thata go bona boteng jwa lone jo bo nepagetseng, jo go fopholediwang gore ke dimetara di le lekgolo le masome a mane le bobedi". Letsha leno le ne le itsege mo bathong ba Ba-San ka leina la Gaisis ("le le maswe"). Fa Ba-Herero ba ne ba fudugela mo lefelong leno, ba ne ba le bitsa Otjikoto (Otjiherero: "molete o o boteng"). <ref>Heita, Desie (13 November 2015). [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304105533/https://www.newera.com.na/2015/11/13/oshikoto-scores-big-development-budget/ "Oshikoto scores big in development budget".] ''[[:en:New_Era_(Namibia)|New Era]]''. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 15 November 2015.</ref>Kgaolo ya Oshikoto ya Namibia, e letša le leng mo go yone, ke tsela e nngwe ya go peleta Otjikoto mme leina la yone le tswa mo letsheng leno. Ma-Yuropa a ntlha go etela letsha e ne e le Francis Galton le [[Carl Johan Andersson,]] bao ka nako ya go batla [[letsha la Ngami]] ba fitlhetse letsha la Otjikoto ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabobedi le masome a matlhano le bongwe .<ref name=":2">[http://www.tourbrief.com/cms/?option=com_content&task=view&id=937 "Otjikoto Lake & Lake Guinas"]. tourbrief.com. Retrieved 18 February 2011.</ref> Letsha leno e ne e le lefelo la go latlhela matlakala la German Schutztruppe ka nako ya Ntwa ya Lefatshe I; ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le botlhano masole a Jeremane a ne a latlhela didiriswa tsa ntwa mo letsheng pele ba ineela go thibela masole a Afrika Borwa le a Boritane go di dirisa. Bontsi jwa dikarolwana tse dikgolo di ne tsa bonwa mme di bontshiwa kwa Musiamong wa Tsumeb, mme bonnye ditlhobolo di le pedi, mmogo le dithunya, di sa ntse di le mo letsheng<ref>''Monty Halls and the Kaiser's Gold'', Channel 5 (UK), 25 Nov 2013</ref> mme di ka bonwa ka tetla e e kgethegileng ya go thuma. Go ya ka ditlhamane, Bajeremane gape ba ne ba latlhela sephaphathi se se neng se tswaletswe mo letsheng. Go senka ga yone le dimaraka tsa gouta di le dimilione di le thataro tse go bolelwang gore e na le tsone ga go ise go atlege. <ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.montyhalls.co.uk/about-monty#am-tv-section |title="About Monty" |access-date=2026-06-23 |archive-date=2025-08-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250804041725/https://www.montyhalls.co.uk/about-monty#am-tv-section |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Otjikotosee.jpg|thumb|Letsha lotlhe]] Moitseanape wa dimela [[Kurt Dinter]] o ne a etela letsha leno ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le motso mme a kokoanya mefuta e le mmalwa ya dimela e e neng e sa itsiwe go fitlha ka nako eo, gareng ga tsone go ne go na le bojang jwa mofuta wa Rottboellia. <ref name=":1" />Tilapia guinasana, mofuta wa tlhapi ya cichlid e e bonwang fela mo letsheng la kgaitsadie Otjikoto, Lake Guinas, e ne ya tsenngwa mo Letsheng la Otjikoto.<ref>''[http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/full/63354/0 Tilapia guinasana]'' The [[:en:IUCN|IUCN]] Red List of Threatened Species: Tilapia guinasana</ref> Go bolelwa gore [[Letsha la Guinas]] le golagane le Letsha la Otjikoto ka dikhuti mme ga go ise go supiwe. <ref name=":0" /> == Metswedi == g08utjpx2m607jvff3yyvz88i5ceedn Lefelo la motlakase wa metsi la Beles 0 13910 52574 51333 2026-07-16T08:54:40Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52574 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lefelo la motlakase wa metsi la Beles,''' se ka dinako dingwe se bidiwang Beles II kgotsa Tana Beles, ke seteišene sa motlakase sa metsi se se tsamayang mo nokeng <ref>1Q. Goor; C. Halleux; Y. Mohamed; A. Tilmant (July 6, 2010). [https://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci-discuss.net/7/4331/2010/hessd-7-4331-2010-print.pdf "Optimal operation of a multipurpose multireservoir system in the Eastern Nile River Basin"] (PDF). Copernicus Publications. p. 4356 (10). Retrieved 30 November 2013.</ref>kwa Ethiopia gaufi le Letsha la Tana. Lefelo la motlakase le amogela metsi go tswa mo letsheng ka Tana-Beles interbasin transfer mme morago ga go a dirisa go tlhagisa motlakase, metsi a a tshololelwa mo Nokeng ya Beles. Polante eno e na le bokgoni jwa go ntsha motlakase wa dimekawate di le makgolo a mane le masome a marataro (460), e leng se se dirang gore e nne polante ya bobedi e kgolo ya motlakase mo nageng eno. Gape go solofetswe go thusa go tlamela ka metsi a go nosetsa a diheketara di le 140 000 (350,000 acres).<ref name=":0">[http://www.ezega.com/news/NewsDetails.aspx?Page=heads&NewsID=2307 "Ethiopia's Beles Power Plant Inaugrated [''sic''<nowiki>]".</nowiki>] Ezega. May 14, 2010. Retrieved 13 October 2010.</ref> E ne ya bulwa ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome (2010) mme jenereitara ya bofelo e ne ya simolola go dira ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bobedi (2012). Go agiwa ga yone go ne ga se ka ga amogelwa sentle kwa Egepeto e e kwa tlase ga noka. == Tshimologo le kago == Ka ngwaga wa sekete , makgolo a robabongwele masome a robabongwe le bobedi(1992), go ne ga wediwa go dirwa thuto ya ntlha ya gore a porojeke eno e ka kgonega, e e neng e tla nna le motlakase wa dimekawate di le makgolo a mabedi . Patlisiso e e latelang le thulaganyo ya bofelo e ne ya wediwa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano (2005) ke Studio Pietrangeli ya sejalo sa ga jaana sa makgolo a mane e borataro (460 MW).<ref name=":1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20120313170802/http://www.pietrangeli.it/immagini1/pdf/Brochures-progetti/Beles_MPP_-_rev__21_dic_2006.pdf "Beles MPP"] (PDF). Studio Pietrangeli. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 March 2012. Retrieved 13 October 2010.</ref> Puso ya Ethiopia e ne ya saena konteraka le Salini Costruttori go aga semela ka kgwedi ya Moranang e le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano (2005), mme kago ya simolola ka bonako morago ga moo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120313170801/http://www.salini.it/index.php/english/content/download/233 "Report on Operations".] Salini Construtorri. Retrieved 13 October 2010.</ref>Ka ntlha ya lefelo le le kgakala la porojeke, go ne go le bokete go rwala le go tlhokomela badiri le didirisiwa, gantsi go ne go tsaya dikgwedi di le 4-5 gore dilwana di goroge. Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e thola bobedi ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bosupa (2007), motšhine o o epang ditonele (TBM), o o neng o tsamaisiwa ke SELI, o ne wa simolola go epang tsela ya dikilometara di le 7,2 mme wa e fetsa ka Motsheganong e le masome a mararo le bongwe ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi (2008). Tiro ya go epa e ne e dirwa malatsi a le supa ka beke ka dinako tse tharo tsa diura di le robedi ka letsatsi. TBM e ne e dira palogare ya 20 m (66 ft) ka letsatsi fa ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi (2008), palo e e kwa godimo ya letsatsi le letsatsi ya 36 m (118 ft) e ne ya fitlhelelwa.<ref>Francesco Bartimoccia, Antonio Raschillà. "- [http://www.selitunnel.com/pdf_articoli/RETC_2009_-_Raschilla.PDF Case History - 8 M Diameter 7 Km Long Beles Tailrace Tunnel (Ethiopia) Bored And Lined In Basaltic Formations In Less Than 12 Months"] (PDF). SELI Tunnel. Retrieved 13 October 2010</ref>TBM ya 12 km (7.5 mi) headrace tunnel e ne ya thubaganya, e e weditse ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e thola lesome le bongwe,ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe (2009).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160303211934/http://db.selitunnel.com/4daction/seli_news?page=eng:09_news:00_default&lingua=ing "News - Ethiopia - Beles Headrace Breakthrough".] SELI. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 13 October 2010.</ref>Salini Costruttori o ne a abela VA Tech Hydro konteraka ya go aga seteišene sa motlakase. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110614045548/http://www.waterpowermagazine.com/story.asp?storyCode=2036150 "Beles supply contract signed"]. International Power Technology and Dam Construction. May 18, 2006. Archived from the original on 14 June 2011. Retrieved 13 October 2010.</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e le lesome le bongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome (2010) ,jenereitara ya ntlha ya lekgolo le lesome le botlhano (115 MW) kwa seteišeneng sa motlakase e ne ya simolola go dira<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110614045516/http://www.waterpowermagazine.com/story.asp?storyCode=2056342 "Beles operates in trial test"]. International Water Power and Dam Construction Magazine. May 11, 2010. Archived from the original on 14 June 2011. Retrieved 13 October 2010.</ref>mme ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e le lesome le bone ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome (2010) , seteišene se ne sa kgakolwa. Ditshenyegelo tsa porojeke eno di ne di le mo e ka nnang $500 million USD.<ref>Sisay, Andualem (May 14, 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20120329060753/http://www.africanews.com/site/list_message/27710 "AfricaNews - Ethiopia inaugurates third hydro power plant in a year"]. AfricaNews. Archived from the original on March 29, 2012. Retrieved 13 October 2010</ref>Semela sa motlakase se ne sa simolola go dira ka botlalo ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e le masome a mabedi le lesome le bobedi (2012).<ref>[http://article.wn.com/view/2013/12/02/PPL_Holtwood_doubles_capacity_of_hydroelectric_facility/ "Ethiopia Tana Beles Hydroelectric power at full capacity"]. WN.com. 10 February 2012. Retrieved 28 February 2014</ref> == Thulaganyo == Seteishene sa Motlakase wa Metsi sa Beles se amogela metsi go tswa kwa Letsha la Tana koo a fetisediwang kwa seteišeneng sa motlakase mme go tswa foo a bo a latlhelwa mo nokeng ya Beles ka thanele e nngwe.<ref name=":1" /> Se se dirwa pele ka go tsenya metsi mo letsheng la Tana, koo seteišene sa motlakase se kgonang go dirisa 9,120,000,000 m3 (7,390,000 acre⋅ft) ya letsha go tlhagisa motlakase. Mokgoro wa go tsena o bophara jwa 43 m (141 ft), 11.5 m (38 ft) kwa godimo mme go elela ga one go tsena mo mogogorong wa tlhogo go laolwa ke dikgoro tse tlhano tsa metsi.<ref name=":1" /> Thanele ya tlhogo e fetisetsa metsi kwa borwabophirima go bapa le 12 km (7.5 mi) ya boleele jwa yone ka bophara jwa 8.1 m (27 ft). Kwa bokhutlong jwa thanele e e yang kwa godimo, e fetoga go nna bophara jwa 6.5 m le boleele jwa makgolo a mabedi le masome a masupa (270 m) pele e fitlha kwa seteišeneng sa motlakase. Kwa seteišeneng sa motlakase, metsi a neelwa diterekere tse nne tsa Francis tse di fepang dijenereitara tse nne tsa 115 MW. Seteišene sa motlakase ke mofuta wa logaga mme o boleele jwa 82 m, 17.6 m le bophara jwa 38.5 m. <ref name=":1" />E na le 91.2 m (299 ft) boteng le 8 m (26 ft) bophara jwa lekhubu la go tlhatlogela kwa godimo gape.<ref name=":2">[https://web.archive.org/web/20120313170805/http://www.salini.it/index.php/english/content/workingon#top "Works in progress - Beles".] Salini Costruttori. Archived from the original on 13 March 2012. Retrieved 13 October 2010</ref>Fa metsi a setse a dirisitswe mo tlhagisong ya motlakase wa metsi, a ntshiwa go tswa kwa seteišeneng sa motlakase go ya kwa Nokeng ya Beles ka tsela ya molete wa dikilometara di le 7,2 o o nang le bophara jo bo lekanang le jwa molete wa tlhogo. <ref name=":2" />Boemo jwa metsi jo bo tlwaelegileng kwa moseleng ke 1,800 m (5,900 ft) kwa godimo ga boalo jwa lewatle mme seteišene sa motlakase se nna kwa 1,450 m (4,760 ft), se letlelela 350 m (1,150 ft) ya tlhogo ya haeteroliki. Porojeke e e solofetswe go thusa go nosetsa diheketara di le 140 000 mo isagweng.<ref name=":0" /> == Metswedi == p80rhwadky8cmk569unoyb9utc7brq4 Letamo la Swakoppoort 0 13971 52575 51407 2026-07-16T09:37:10Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52575 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Swakoppforte-Damm.jpg|thumb|letamo la Swakoppoort]] '''Letamo la Swakoppoort''' ke letamo le le dikilometara di le masome a matlhano kwa ntle ga [[Okahandja]], Otjozondjupa Region, lefatshe la [[Namibia]]. E kgabaganya [[Noka ya Swakop]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160306100445/https://www.namwater.com.na/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=71&Itemid=68 Swakoppoort Dam] at NamWater.com.na</ref>mme nako le nako e amogela metsi a a tswang kwa [[Letamong la Omatako]] mo nokeng ya Swakop ya Omatako. Bokgoni jwa yone ke 63.489 million cubic metres (83,040,000 cubic yd).<ref>Menges, Werner; Haidula, Tuyeimo (5 March 2015). [http://www.namibian.com.na/indexx.php?id=24050 "Water worries for Windhoek".] ''The Namibian''. p. 1.</ref>E weditswe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le borobabobedi (1978), ke e nngwe ya matamo a mararo a a tlamelang motse-mogolo wa [[Windhoek]] ka metsi.<ref>Cloete, Luqman (21 February 2017). [http://www.namibian.com.na/51389/read/NamWater-opens-Hardap-Dam-sluices "NamWater opens Hardap Dam sluices".] ''The Namibian''. p. 1.</ref> Gape e tlamela moepo wa Navachab le toropo ya Karibib. == Metswedi == dk8d8424bzipboqaejwwxl3cjlm5s1z Lefelo la Motlakase la Phakalane 0 14325 52572 52126 2026-07-16T08:53:16Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52572 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lefelo la Motlakase la Phakalane''' ke lefelo la motlakase la photovoltaic le le fitlhelwang kwa [[Phakalane]], [[Botswana]]. Lefelo la motlakase le ne la duelelwa ka thuso ya madi ya Sejapane e e neng e le karolo ya leano la Tonakgolo Hatoyama <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.pacificclimatechange.net/donor/hatoyama-initiative |title=Hatoyama Initiative |access-date=2026-07-08 |archive-date=2021-10-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211022092656/https://www.pacificclimatechange.net/donor/hatoyama-initiative |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.climatenetwork.org/blog/hatoyama-initiative-all-there |title=Hatoyama Initiative: Is That All There Is? |access-date=2026-07-08 |archive-date=2019-09-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190926122112/http://www.climatenetwork.org/blog/hatoyama-initiative-all-there |url-status=dead }}</ref>le le bidiwang Cool Earth Partnership le le ikaeletseng go tshegetsa mafatshe a a tlhabologang mo maitekong a tsone a go lwantsha go gotela ga lefatshe. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.sundaystandard.info/botswana-benefits-japan%E2%80%99s-%E2%80%9Ccool-earth-partnership%E2%80%9D-initiative |title=Botswana benefits from Japan's cool earth partnership |access-date=2026-07-08 |archive-date=2018-10-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005201935/http://www.sundaystandard.info/botswana-benefits-japan%E2%80%99s-%E2%80%9Ccool-earth-partnership%E2%80%9D-initiative |url-status=dead }}</ref>The Cool Earth Partnership ke karolo ya maiteko a a boneng Hatoyama a gapa sekgele sa [[Sustainable Development Leadership Award ka 2010.]] <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20101026234602/http://businesswireindia.com/pressrelease.asp?b2mid=21519 "Press Release".] [[:en:Business_Wire|Business Wire]]. 5 February 2010. Archived from [http://www.businesswireindia.com/PressRelease.asp?b2mid=21519 the original] on 26 October 2010. Retrieved 19 April 2010.</ref> == Metswedi == nj76g3prryyfah3sk5kenl16e98u4sr Checkers (Lebentlele la marekisetso) 0 14339 52536 52190 2026-07-15T14:51:26Z Atsile Edith 11759 ke senotse tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 52536 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Checkers''' ke lebentlele la marekisetso le le kafa tlase ga kompone ya Shoprite mo [[Aforika Borwa|Aforikaborwa]]. E tlhomilwe ka ngwaga wa1956 ke Norman Hertz Herber, <ref name="About Us"></ref> mme ebile e aname go ralala [[Aforika Borwa|Aforikaborwa]].<ref name="About Us">{{Cite web |last= |date= |title=About Us |url=https://www.checkers.co.za/about-us |access-date=5 May 2025 |publisher=Checkers}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2025, Checkers e ne e na le mabentlele a le makgoloa le thataro le masome a borataro le bongwe go ralala Aforika Borwa, Botswana, le Namibia.<ref name=":0">"[https://www.shopriteholdings.co.za/docs/shp-ir-2025.pdf Shoprite Holdings - Integrated Report, 2025]" (PDF). Shoprite Holdings. 2025. Retrieved 27 February 2026.</ref>Keetane e tlhomile mogopolo mo go feng bareki ba lotseno lo lo magareng le lo lo kwa godimo dijo ka mokgwa wa go rulaganya tsa yone tsa mabenkele a Checkers le FreshX ka go latelana.<ref>Moneyweb (15 January 2025). "[https://www.moneyweb.co.za/news/companies-and-deals/is-checkers-sixty60-eating-spar-alive/ Is Spar most exposed to the Checkers Sixty60 threat?]". Moneyweb. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref> == Ditso == Lebentlele la Checkers le tlhomilwe ka ngwaga wa 1956 ke Norman Herber kwa [[:en:Mayfair,_Johannesburg|Mayfair, Johannesburg]].<ref>Kahla, Cheryl (10 December 2018). [https://www.thesouthafrican.com/eat-in-best-grocery-specials-south-africas-supermarkets/ "Eat in for under R180: Best grocery specials at South Africa's supermarkets]". ''The South African''. Retrieved 10 December 2018.</ref><ref>M. C. Cant; J. W. Strydom; C. J. Jooste; P. J. du Plessis (2009). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=6uU-Dz-sCIQC&pg=PA375 Marketing Management]''. Juta and Company Ltd. pp.&#x20;375–. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7021-7188-8|978-0-7021-7188-8]]</bdi>.</ref><ref>Herman Daniel Van Schalkwyk; Gavin C. G. Fraser; Ajuruchukwu Obi; Aad Van Tilburg (2012). [https://books.google.com/books?id=sHaDsoU0TFAC&pg=PA152 ''Unlocking Markets to Smallholders: Lessons from South Africa''.] Wageningen Academic Pub. pp.&#x20;152–. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-90-8686-134-7|978-90-8686-134-7]]</bdi>.</ref>Kgwebo e ne ya atolosiwa moragonyana mme ya atlega ke [[:en:Raymond_Ackerman_(businessman)|Raymond Ackerman]]. Morekisi o ne a simolola dilwana tsa gagwe tse di senang leina, tse di bidiwang House Brands, ka dingwaga tsa bo 1950, mme ka dingwaga tsa bo 1960, o ne a atolositswe go nna mabentlele a le masome a le borobabobedi go ralala Aforika Borwa. Gape ka dingwaga tsa bo borataro , Checkers e ne ya nna lebentlele la ntlha la go rekisa go dirisa dikgetsi tsa polyethylene tse di kitlaneng thata.<ref name="About Us" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1984, Checkers e ne ya simolola go reka kwa gae, ka Kantoro ya Poso ya Aforika Borwa, mme ngwaga o o latelang, morekisi o ne a simolola thulaganyo ya gagwe ya ntlha ya go duela ka karata ka tirisanommogo le Barclays Bank.<ref name="About Us" /> Gape ka ngwaga wa 1985, Checkers e ne ya simolola thulaganyo ya ntlha ya go tlisa korosari mo Aforika Borwa, mme ka 1986, setlamo seno se ne sa tlhagisa mofuta wa ntlha wa go sekaseka ditlhwatlhwa tsa dikumo mo mabentleleng a sone.<ref name="About Us" /> Checkers e ne ya simolola letsholo le legolo go gaisa la go tshwaragana le bareki le le neng le dirwa ke morekisi wa Aforikaborwa ka ngwaga wa 1990.<ref name="About Us" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1991, Checkers e ne ya rekwa ke ketane e nngwe ya mabentlele ya Aforika Borwa (e nngwe ya tse dikgolo go gaisa mo nageng), [[:en:Shoprite_(South_Africa)|Shoprite Group]].<ref>BT (21 August 2024). [https://businesstech.co.za/news/business/787575/the-man-who-built-south-africas-biggest-retail-empire/https://businesstech.co.za/news/business/787575/the-man-who-built-south-africas-biggest-retail-empire/ "The man who built South Africa's biggest retail empire"]. ''businesstech.co.za''. Retrieved 21 August 2024.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2016, Checkers e ne ya simolola sebopego sa yone sa lebentlele la FreshX,<ref name=":0" /> ka boikaelelo jo bo tlhamaletseng jwa go gaisana ka tlhamalalo le morekisi yo mogolo wa Aforika Borwa wa [[:en:Woolworths_(South_Africa)|Woolworths]], ka go lebisa kwa bathong ba ba amogelang lotseno lo lo kwa godimo.<ref>Akhona Matshoba (8 September 2021). [https://www.moneyweb.co.za/news/companies-and-deals/checkers-freshx-to-compete-with-woolworths/ "Checkers FreshX to compete with Woolworths". Moneyweb]. Retrieved 27 February 2026.</ref> Sebopego se sešwa sa lebentlele, se se tlhotlheleditsweng ka bontlhabongwe ke kompone ya molekane IMS Argentina,<ref>[https://cbn.co.za/industry-news/retail-news/checkers-freshx-wins-with-premium-innovative-store-format/ "Checkers FreshX wins with premium, innovative store format"]. Cape Business News. 17 November 2025. Retrieved 27 February 2026.</ref> se ne se ikaeletse go nna sa maemo a a kwa godimo le go dirisana, go akaretsa le mafapha a a kgethegileng a a jaaka lefelo la go rekisa nama, lebentlele la borotho, bara ya sushi, bara ya kofi, le setoro sa mofine. Lefapha lengwe le lengwe le ne le tla nna le boitshupo jwa lone, mme thulaganyo le dikarolo tsa FreshX di ne di tla farologana thata le mabentlele a a leng teng a Checkers.<ref name=":1">[https://www.shopriteholdings.co.za/group/brands/checkers.html "Serving more affluent customers who prioritise convenience, quality and freshness]". Shoprite Holdings. Retrieved 27 February 2026.</ref> Mabentlele a FreshX a ne a tla nna le mowa o o kgetegileng, o o nang le bodilo jo bo boreledi jwa khokho gore go nne le modumo o o kwa tlase wa kolotsana ya go reka, didirisiwa tse dintsi tsa maemo a a kwa godimo tsa go kgabisa ka fa teng, tikologo e e senang tlhakatlhakano, le ditsela tse di bulegileng. Tlhamo ya sebopego se sesha o rometswe dikompone tsa moralo wa fa gare, mme ditshweetso tsena di irilwe gore bareki ba nne le maitemogelo a a nang le kagiso, a a iketlileng a itumedisa bareki. Mabenkele a mašwa a sebopego sa FreshX a ne a tla rekisa motswako wa kgwebo ya one le wa kgwebo tsa sephiri. FreshX e tla akaretsa gape le matshwaokgwebo a balekane, jaaka Kauai, Lindt, Krispy Kreme, le Starbucks, a a dirang ka fa tlase ga sekao sa lebentlele mo lebentleleng.<ref name=":1" /><ref>[https://www.designcompany.co.za/tdc-portfolio/checkers-freshx "TDC & Co - Checkers FreshX"]. TDC & Co. Retrieved 27 February 2026.</ref> == Ditiro == [[Setshwantsho:Aisles in a Checkers in Durbanville, Cape Town.jpg|thumb|Ditsela tsa dithoto tsa dijo mo lebentleleng la dijo tsa kwa lapeng la Checkers]] Ka ngwaga wa 2025, Checkers e ne e na le mabentlele a le makgolo a thataro le masome borataro le bongwe go ralala dinaga di le tharo. Palo yotlhe e e ne e akaretsa [[:en:Supermarket|mabentlele a magolo]] a le makgolo a le mararo le lesome, mabentlele a Checkers Hyper a le masome a mane, le Mabentlele a Bojalwa a Checkers a le makgolo a le mararo le lesome le bongwe.<ref name=":0" /> Go tloga ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa 2025, kompone e na le mabentlele a le lekgolo le masome a mane le bone a [[:en:Petshop_Science|diruiwa tsa mo]] [[:en:Petshop_Science|lapeng]] ka fa tlase ga letshwaokgwebo la yone la Petshop Science, mme se se dira gore e nne morekisi wa bobedi yo mogolo wa mabentlele a diruiwa tsa mo lapeng mo Aforika Borwa, morago ga letshwaokgwebo la [[:en:Woolworths_(South_Africa)|Woolworths]] la [[:en:Absolute_Pets|Absolute Pets]].<ref>[https://www.moneyweb.co.za/news/companies-and-deals/in-battle-for-pets-shoprite-is-catching-woolies-fast/ "In battle for pets, Shoprite is catching Woolies fast"]. Moneyweb. 30 September 2025. Retrieved 5 October 2025.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Dairy Aisle in a Checkers in Durbanville, Cape Town.jpg|thumb|Tselana ya mašwi mo lebentleleng la Checkers kwa Cape Town]] Difomete tsa mabenkele a setlamo ke: * Checkers- marekisetso a bogolo jo bo tlwaelesegileng * Checkers FreshX - marekisetso a bogolo jo bo tlwaelesegileng tse di lebisitsweng mo lephateng la dijo tsa ko lapeng ya maemo a a kwa godimo (ba ba amogelang lotseno lo lo kwa godimo) * Checkers Hyper - mabentlele a magolo a a nang le dilo tse dintsi go feta mabentlele a magolo, go akaretsa le didirisiwa tsa mo gae le diaparo * Diaparo tsa Uniq tsa Checkers [[Setshwantsho:Fresh Produce Section in a Checkers in Durbanville, Cape Town.jpg|thumb|Karolo ya dikungo tse di itekanetseng tsa Checkers]] * Lebentlele la Bojalwa la Checkers - mabentlele a bojalwa a a kgaoganeng le mabentlele a magolo, go ya ka molao wa Aforika Borwa[21] * littleme - dithoto tsa masea * Checkers ya tsa kwa ntle - dithoto tsa kwa ntle * Saense ya Lebentlele la Diruiwa - dithoto tsa diruiwa == Masome a marataro60 == [[Setshwantsho:Checkers Liquor Shop Entrance in Durbanville, Cape Town.jpg|thumb|Botseno jwa Lebentlele la Bojalwa la Checkers kwa Durbanville]] Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2019, Checkers e ne ya simolola tsamaiso ya yone ya go tlisa dijo kwa gae, e e bidiwang Sixty60. Tirelo ya go tlisa dijo e e batliwang thata, e e theilweng mo tirisong e ne e le tirelo ya ntlha ya go tlisa dithoto kwa mabentleleng a magolo mo Aforikaborwa e e neng ya tlamela ka fensetere ya thomelo ya oura e le nngwe.<ref>"[https://beta.sixty60.co.za/about-us Checkers Sixty60 - About Us]". Checkers. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Blue Route Mall Sign in Tokai, Cape Town (1).jpg|thumb|Matshwao Checkers Hyper kwa Blue Route Mall kwa Tokai, kwa Cape Town]] Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2024, Checkers e ne ya atolosa thata lenaneo la dithoto tsa tirelo ya thomelo go akaretsa dilwana tsa thekiso ka kakaretso di le dikete tse lesome,<ref>Daniel Puchert (5 March 2025). [https://mybroadband.co.za/news/internet/585516-big-change-for-checkers-sixty60.html "Big change for Checkers Sixty60"]. Mybroadband. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref>mme morago ga moo ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele wa one ngwaga oo, ya oketsa ka "dithoto tsa maemo a a kwa godimo" di le dikete tse pedi le makgolo a matlhano tse di neng di tla romelwa kwa [[:en:Cape_Town|Cape Town]] fela.<ref>[https://www.bizcommunity.com/article/checkers-rolls-out-the-new-sixty60-app-with-enhanced-features-699031a "Checkers rolls out the new Sixty60 app with enhanced features"]. Bizcommunity.com. 22 November 2024. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref> Go tloga ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2024, tirelo ya thomelo ya Sixty60 fa e batliwa e ne e le teng go tswa kwa mafelong a le makgolo a le marataro le bongwe , mme morekisi o ne a oketsa ka mafelo a mašwa a le masome a borobabongwe le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2024.<ref>Myles Illidge (20 May 2025). [https://mybroadband.co.za/news/it-services/595322-the-on-demand-delivery-giant-crushing-its-competition-in-south-africa.html "The on-demand delivery giant crushing its competition in South Africa"]. MyBroadband. Retrieved 21 May 2025.</ref> <references /> r8dlqxv62q8u2fz4l4al9tngdxsej0c 52543 52536 2026-07-15T18:10:17Z Atsile Edith 11759 ke senotse tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 52543 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Checkers''' ke lebentlele la marekisetso le le kafa tlase ga kompone ya Shoprite mo [[Aforika Borwa|Aforikaborwa]]. E tlhomilwe ka ngwaga wa1956 ke Norman Hertz Herber, <ref name="About Us"></ref> mme ebile e aname go ralala [[Aforika Borwa|Aforikaborwa]].<ref name="About Us">{{Cite web |last= |date= |title=About Us |url=https://www.checkers.co.za/about-us |access-date=5 May 2025 |publisher=Checkers}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2025, Checkers e ne e na le mabentlele a le makgoloa le thataro le masome a borataro le bongwe go ralala Aforika Borwa, Botswana, le Namibia.<ref name=":0">"[https://www.shopriteholdings.co.za/docs/shp-ir-2025.pdf Shoprite Holdings - Integrated Report, 2025]" (PDF). Shoprite Holdings. 2025. Retrieved 27 February 2026.</ref>Keetane e tlhomile mogopolo mo go feng bareki ba lotseno lo lo magareng le lo lo kwa godimo dijo ka mokgwa wa go rulaganya tsa yone tsa mabenkele a Checkers le FreshX ka go latelana.<ref>Moneyweb (15 January 2025). "[https://www.moneyweb.co.za/news/companies-and-deals/is-checkers-sixty60-eating-spar-alive/ Is Spar most exposed to the Checkers Sixty60 threat?]". Moneyweb. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref> == Ditso == Lebentlele la Checkers le tlhomilwe ka ngwaga wa 1956 ke Norman Herber kwa [[:en:Mayfair,_Johannesburg|Mayfair, Johannesburg]].<ref>Kahla, Cheryl (10 December 2018). [https://www.thesouthafrican.com/eat-in-best-grocery-specials-south-africas-supermarkets/ "Eat in for under R180: Best grocery specials at South Africa's supermarkets]". ''The South African''. Retrieved 10 December 2018.</ref><ref>M. C. Cant; J. W. Strydom; C. J. Jooste; P. J. du Plessis (2009). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=6uU-Dz-sCIQC&pg=PA375 Marketing Management]''. Juta and Company Ltd. pp.&#x20;375–. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7021-7188-8|978-0-7021-7188-8]]</bdi>.</ref><ref>Herman Daniel Van Schalkwyk; Gavin C. G. Fraser; Ajuruchukwu Obi; Aad Van Tilburg (2012). [https://books.google.com/books?id=sHaDsoU0TFAC&pg=PA152 ''Unlocking Markets to Smallholders: Lessons from South Africa''.] Wageningen Academic Pub. pp.&#x20;152–. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-90-8686-134-7|978-90-8686-134-7]]</bdi>.</ref>Kgwebo e ne ya atolosiwa moragonyana mme ya atlega ke [[:en:Raymond_Ackerman_(businessman)|Raymond Ackerman]]. Morekisi o ne a simolola dilwana tsa gagwe tse di senang leina, tse di bidiwang House Brands, ka dingwaga tsa bo 1950, mme ka dingwaga tsa bo 1960, o ne a atolositswe go nna mabentlele a le masome a le borobabobedi go ralala Aforika Borwa. Gape ka dingwaga tsa bo borataro , Checkers e ne ya nna lebentlele la ntlha la go rekisa go dirisa dikgetsi tsa polyethylene tse di kitlaneng thata.<ref name="About Us" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1984, Checkers e ne ya simolola go reka kwa gae, ka Kantoro ya Poso ya Aforika Borwa, mme ngwaga o o latelang, morekisi o ne a simolola thulaganyo ya gagwe ya ntlha ya go duela ka karata ka tirisanommogo le Barclays Bank.<ref name="About Us" /> Gape ka ngwaga wa 1985, Checkers e ne ya simolola thulaganyo ya ntlha ya go tlisa korosari mo Aforika Borwa, mme ka 1986, setlamo seno se ne sa tlhagisa mofuta wa ntlha wa go sekaseka ditlhwatlhwa tsa dikumo mo mabentleleng a sone.<ref name="About Us" /> Checkers e ne ya simolola letsholo le legolo go gaisa la go tshwaragana le bareki le le neng le dirwa ke morekisi wa Aforikaborwa ka ngwaga wa 1990.<ref name="About Us" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1991, Checkers e ne ya rekwa ke ketane e nngwe ya mabentlele ya Aforika Borwa (e nngwe ya tse dikgolo go gaisa mo nageng), [[:en:Shoprite_(South_Africa)|Shoprite Group]].<ref>BT (21 August 2024). [https://businesstech.co.za/news/business/787575/the-man-who-built-south-africas-biggest-retail-empire/https://businesstech.co.za/news/business/787575/the-man-who-built-south-africas-biggest-retail-empire/ "The man who built South Africa's biggest retail empire"]. ''businesstech.co.za''. Retrieved 21 August 2024.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2016, Checkers e ne ya simolola sebopego sa yone sa lebentlele la FreshX,<ref name=":0" /> ka boikaelelo jo bo tlhamaletseng jwa go gaisana ka tlhamalalo le morekisi yo mogolo wa Aforika Borwa wa [[:en:Woolworths_(South_Africa)|Woolworths]], ka go lebisa kwa bathong ba ba amogelang lotseno lo lo kwa godimo.<ref>Akhona Matshoba (8 September 2021). [https://www.moneyweb.co.za/news/companies-and-deals/checkers-freshx-to-compete-with-woolworths/ "Checkers FreshX to compete with Woolworths". Moneyweb]. Retrieved 27 February 2026.</ref> Sebopego se sešwa sa lebentlele, se se tlhotlheleditsweng ka bontlhabongwe ke kompone ya molekane IMS Argentina,<ref name=":2">[https://cbn.co.za/industry-news/retail-news/checkers-freshx-wins-with-premium-innovative-store-format/ "Checkers FreshX wins with premium, innovative store format"]. Cape Business News. 17 November 2025. Retrieved 27 February 2026.</ref> se ne se ikaeletse go nna sa maemo a a kwa godimo le go dirisana, go akaretsa le mafapha a a kgethegileng a a jaaka lefelo la go rekisa nama, lebentlele la borotho, bara ya sushi, bara ya kofi, le setoro sa mofine. Lefapha lengwe le lengwe le ne le tla nna le boitshupo jwa lone, mme thulaganyo le dikarolo tsa FreshX di ne di tla farologana thata le mabentlele a a leng teng a Checkers.<ref name=":1">[https://www.shopriteholdings.co.za/group/brands/checkers.html "Serving more affluent customers who prioritise convenience, quality and freshness]". Shoprite Holdings. Retrieved 27 February 2026.</ref> Mabentlele a FreshX a ne a tla nna le mowa o o kgetegileng, o o nang le bodilo jo bo boreledi jwa khokho gore go nne le modumo o o kwa tlase wa kolotsana ya go reka, didirisiwa tse dintsi tsa maemo a a kwa godimo tsa go kgabisa ka fa teng, tikologo e e senang tlhakatlhakano, le ditsela tse di bulegileng. Tlhamo ya sebopego se sesha o rometswe dikompone tsa moralo wa fa gare, mme ditshweetso tsena di irilwe gore bareki ba nne le maitemogelo a a nang le kagiso, a a iketlileng a itumedisa bareki. Mabenkele a mašwa a sebopego sa FreshX a ne a tla rekisa motswako wa kgwebo ya one le wa kgwebo tsa sephiri. FreshX e tla akaretsa gape le matshwaokgwebo a balekane, jaaka Kauai, Lindt, Krispy Kreme, le Starbucks, a a dirang ka fa tlase ga sekao sa lebentlele mo lebentleleng.<ref name=":1" /><ref>[https://www.designcompany.co.za/tdc-portfolio/checkers-freshx "TDC & Co - Checkers FreshX"]. TDC & Co. Retrieved 27 February 2026.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2019, Checkers Xtra Polokelo e ile ya itsise se mmuso lenaneo la boikanyego la kompone. Bareki ba ne ba ka bona dituelo ka go ikwadisetsa le go swaepa karata ya Xtra Savings, kgotsa go e bonesa mo megaleng ya bone.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 2021, Checkers e ne ya simolola [[:en:Pet_store|lebentlele diruiwa tsa mo lapeng]] la yone la ntlha le le ikemetseng , ka fa tlase ga letshwaokgwebo la [[:en:Petshop_Science|Petshop Science]]. E ne e le ketane ya ntlha ya mabenkele a magolo mo Aforika Borwa go dira jalo, mme ya simolola go atolosa letshwaokgwebo ka bonako go ralala naga.<ref name=":3">Nick Wilson (5 November 2024). [https://www.news24.com/business/companies/fur-baby-frenzy-shoprite-opens-its-100th-petshop-science-store-after-just-three-years-20241005 "Fur baby frenzy: Shoprite opens its 100th Petshop Science store after just three years]". news24. Retrieved 6 October 2025.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2022, Checkers ya kwa ntle e ne ya itsisiwe semmuso. Letshwaokgwebo le lešwa le ne le tla rekisa go kampa, tiro ya boitlosobodutu jwa kwa ntle, le dilwana tse di amanang le nama e beswang.<ref name=":0" />Ngwaga o o latelang, kompone e ne ya simolola diaparo tsa yone tsa Uniq ya Checkers, tse di neng di tlhomile mogopolo mo moaparong wa basadi.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 2024, Checkers e ne e na le palo yotlhe ya maloko a karata ya boikanyegi ya Xtra Savings a le didikadike di le lesome le bobedi. Mo ngwageng o le mongwe wa matlole, lebentlele le legolo le begile kgolo ya thekiso ya karolo ya lesome le bobedi le ntlha tharo mo lekgolong ya kgolo ya thekiso ya lone la konokono la Checkers, Checkers Hyper, le Checkers Foods fa a kopantswe.<ref>"[https://www.shopriteholdings.co.za/docs/shp-ir-2024.pdf Shoprite Holdings Integrated Report 2024]" (PDF). Shoprite. 2024. Retrieved 7 October 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ngwaga wa 2024, lebentlele la palo ya lekgolo la Petshop Saense le ne la bulwa.<ref name=":3" /> Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2025, Checkers e ne ya bidiwa letshwaokgwebo le le nonofileng go gaisa mo Aforikaborwa mo Pegong ya Matlole a Letshwaokgwebo ya ngwaga wa 2025 ya Aforika Borwa ya bangwe ba lekgolo, mme ya bona tekanyetso ya AAA+, e leng tekanyetso e e kwa godimo ya maatla a letshwaokgwebo e e neng ya abelwa.<ref>[https://brandfinance.com/insights/checkers-driving-growth-through-digital-transformation-and-strategic-partnerships "Checkers: Driving growth through digital transformation and strategic partnerships | Brand Finance"]. 6 March 2025. Retrieved 19 February 2026.</ref> Morago ga moo ba ne ba dira ditso tsa kgwebo ka go sirolola kara ya ntlha e e botlhale ya Aforika Borwa, e e nang le mefuta e e farologaneng ya maranyane e e diretsweng go tokafatsa maitemogelo a go reka, ka Phatwe wa ngwaga oo.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20250822060203/https://www.moneyweb.co.za/news/companies-and-deals/checkers-trials-sas-first-smart-trolley-with-built-in-checkout/ Checkers trials SA's first smart trolley with built-in checkout".] ''Moneyweb''. 21 August 2025. Archived from [https://www.moneyweb.co.za/news/companies-and-deals/checkers-trials-sas-first-smart-trolley-with-built-in-checkout/ the original] on 22 August 2025. Retrieved 19 February 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ngwaga wa 2025, Checkers e boletse maikaelelo a yone a go tswelela go kgarameletsa mo karolong ya kgwebo ya maemo a a kwa godimo mo Aforika Borwa, ka go fetolela mabentlele a le mantsi a a leng teng go nna sebopego sa yona sa maemo a a kwa godimo sa FreshX. Kompone e boletse fa diphetogo tse e le nngwe ya dilo tse di tlang pele mo go yone. Checkers e begile gore thekiso yotlhe ya FreshX e oketsegile ka karolo ya lesome le boraro ntlha e robangbobedi ngwaga le ngwaga, mme se se tsentse didikadike tsa di ranta dile lesome le bongwe ntlha e thataro mo lotsenong lotlhe lwa kompone.<ref name=":2" /> Gape ka ngwaga wa 2025, kompone e ne ya simolola lefelo la yone la kgwebo ya maranyane, le le kopanyang serala ya thomelo ya Sixty60.<ref name=":0" /> Ka kgwedi Mopitlo ngwaga wa 2026, Checkers e ne ya bega gore serala sa yone ya go isa dithoto fa di batliwa, e leng Sixty60, e ne e dira sentle thata. Fa karolo ya kompone ka kakaretso ya dijo tsa kwa lapeng e ntse e gola, thekiso ka serala ya Sixty60 e ne e oketsega ka dikelo tse di kwa godimo thata go na le go reka mo mabentleleng. Thekiso ya dithoto tsa RSA tsa Mabentlele a magolo a Shoprite Holdings e godile ka karolo ya bosupa le ntlha nngwe mo dikgweding di le thataro tse di fetileng, fa thekiso ya Sixty60 yone e oketsegile ka masome a mararo le bone ntlha thataro mo lekgolong mo pakeng e e tshwanang, mme ya gola go fitlha go didikadike tsa di ranta dile lesome le bongwe le ntlha e robangbongwe mo lekgolong . Palo ya mabentlele a Sixty60 e neng e le teng mo go one e ne e oketsegile ka go feta karolo ya masome a mane le botlhano mo lekgolong mo pakeng ya kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2024 go ya ko kgweding ya Sedimonthole ngwaga wa 2025.<ref>Myles Illidge (3 March 2026). [https://mybroadband.co.za/news/it-services/631638-good-news-for-people-who-shop-on-checkers-sixty60-2.html "Good news for people who shop on Checkers Sixty60".] MyBroadband. Retrieved 4 March 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ngwaga wa 2026, Checkers e ne ya itsise gore mabentlele a yone a Hyper(a sebopego se segolo) a tla oketsa ka molekane yo mosha wa lebentlele mo lebentleleng, e leng kompone ya [[:en:Coffee|kofi]] ya [[:en:Nespresso|Nespresso]]. Ka kgaisano e e oketsegang mo lephateng la kgwebo ya Aforika Borwa, le tlhokego e e kgolo ya kofi ke bareki ba Aforika Borwa, lefelo la ntlha la Nespresso le ne la bulwa mo teng ga Checkers Hyper kwa lefelong la marekisetso la Centurion . Lebenktlele le legolo le ne la itsise ka nako eo gore lebentlele la bobedi la Nespresso le tla bulwa ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ngwaga wa 2026, mo teng ga Paarl Junction Hyper. Checkers a re mabentlele a Nespresso mo nakong e a tlaa nna fela mo mabentleleng a yone a Hyper, ka a na le sebaka sa go ba amogela. Checkers gape e boletse gore tirisanommogo e e tshwanela mokgele wa yone wa go tlisa matshwaokgwebo a a tsewang tsia a lefatshe lotlhe gaufi le bareki ka mabenkele a yone.<ref>Kabelo Khumalo (8 April 2026). "[https://www.businessday.co.za/companies/2026-04-08-checkers-and-nespresso-team-up-to-lure-coffee-lovers/ Checkers and Nespresso team up to lure coffee lovers]". BusinessDay. Retrieved 10 April 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ngwaga wa 2026, go ne ga begwa gore kompone ya motsadi ya Checkers ebong Shoprite e ne e na le se se bidiwang "mabentlele a lefifi" a le manè, go direla fela tirelo ya yone ya go tlisa dijo kwa gae ya Sixty60 e e batliwang. Mabentlele a a bereka yaaka mafelo a mannye a tiragatso e e nametsang, a oketsa dinako tsa tiragatso ya thomelo mo nakong mo mafelong a a naleng patlo e e ko godimo, mme a sa bulwelewa setshaba yaaka mabentlele a tlwaelo. Tse tharo tsa tsone di ne di le kwa Cape Town, mme e le nngwe e le kwa Joburg. Kompone e netefaditse fa e tshwaregile ka go aga lebentlele la ntlha la go nna jalo kwa KZN. Ka nako eo, Shoprite e netefaditse gore dithomelo tsa Sixty60 di ne tsa diragadiwa go tswa mo mabentleleng a le makgolo a borobabobedi le masome a borobabongwe le bone go ralala Aforika Borwa.<ref>Hanno Labuschagne (29 May 2026). [https://mybroadband.co.za/news/business/650776-new-checkers-sixty60-dark-store-in-south-africa.html "New Checkers Sixty60 dark store in South Africa"]. MyBroadband. Retrieved 1 June 2026.</ref> == Ditiro == [[Setshwantsho:Aisles in a Checkers in Durbanville, Cape Town.jpg|thumb|Ditsela tsa dithoto tsa dijo mo lebentleleng la dijo tsa kwa lapeng la Checkers]] Ka ngwaga wa 2025, Checkers e ne e na le mabentlele a le makgolo a thataro le masome borataro le bongwe go ralala dinaga di le tharo. Palo yotlhe e e ne e akaretsa [[:en:Supermarket|mabentlele a magolo]] a le makgolo a le mararo le lesome, mabentlele a Checkers Hyper a le masome a mane, le Mabentlele a Bojalwa a Checkers a le makgolo a le mararo le lesome le bongwe.<ref name=":0" /> Go tloga ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa 2025, kompone e na le mabentlele a le lekgolo le masome a mane le bone a [[:en:Petshop_Science|diruiwa tsa mo]] [[:en:Petshop_Science|lapeng]] ka fa tlase ga letshwaokgwebo la yone la Petshop Science, mme se se dira gore e nne morekisi wa bobedi yo mogolo wa mabentlele a diruiwa tsa mo lapeng mo Aforika Borwa, morago ga letshwaokgwebo la [[:en:Woolworths_(South_Africa)|Woolworths]] la [[:en:Absolute_Pets|Absolute Pets]].<ref>[https://www.moneyweb.co.za/news/companies-and-deals/in-battle-for-pets-shoprite-is-catching-woolies-fast/ "In battle for pets, Shoprite is catching Woolies fast"]. Moneyweb. 30 September 2025. Retrieved 5 October 2025.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Dairy Aisle in a Checkers in Durbanville, Cape Town.jpg|thumb|Tselana ya mašwi mo lebentleleng la Checkers kwa Cape Town]] Difomete tsa mabenkele a setlamo ke: * Checkers- [[:en:Supermarket|marekisetso a bogolo]] jo bo tlwaelesegileng * Checkers FreshX - [[:en:Supermarket|marekisetso a bogolo]] jo bo tlwaelesegileng tse di lebisitsweng mo lephateng la dijo tsa ko lapeng ya maemo a a kwa godimo (ba ba amogelang lotseno lo lo kwa godimo) * Checkers Hyper - mabentlele a magolo a a nang le dilo tse dintsi go feta mabentlele a magolo, go akaretsa le didirisiwa tsa mo gae le diaparo * Diaparo tsa Uniq tsa Checkers [[Setshwantsho:Fresh Produce Section in a Checkers in Durbanville, Cape Town.jpg|thumb|Karolo ya dikungo tse di itekanetseng tsa Checkers]] * Lebentlele la Bojalwa la Checkers - mabentlele a bojalwa a a kgaoganeng le mabentlele a magolo, go ya ka molao wa Aforika Borwa<ref>Luke Fraser (28 January 2025). [https://businesstech.co.za/news/business/809025/new-era-for-checkers-sixty60-in-south-africa/ "New era for Checkers Sixty60 in South Africa"]. BusinessTech. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref> * littleme - dithoto tsa masea * Checkers ya tsa kwa ntle - dithoto tsa [[:en:Outdoor_recreation|kwa ntle]] * [[:en:Petshop_Science|Saense ya Lebentlele la Diruiwa]] - dithoto tsa [[:en:Pet|diruiwa]] == Masome a marataro60 == [[Setshwantsho:Checkers Liquor Shop Entrance in Durbanville, Cape Town.jpg|thumb|Botseno jwa Lebentlele la Bojalwa la Checkers kwa Durbanville]] Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2019, Checkers e ne ya simolola tsamaiso ya yone ya go tlisa dijo kwa gae, e e bidiwang Sixty60. Tirelo ya go tlisa dijo e e batliwang thata, e e theilweng mo tirisong e ne e le tirelo ya ntlha ya go tlisa dithoto kwa mabentleleng a magolo mo Aforikaborwa e e neng ya tlamela ka fensetere ya thomelo ya oura e le nngwe.<ref>"[https://beta.sixty60.co.za/about-us Checkers Sixty60 - About Us]". Checkers. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Blue Route Mall Sign in Tokai, Cape Town (1).jpg|thumb|Matshwao Checkers Hyper kwa Blue Route Mall kwa Tokai, kwa Cape Town]] Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2024, Checkers e ne ya atolosa thata lenaneo la dithoto tsa tirelo ya thomelo go akaretsa dilwana tsa thekiso ka kakaretso di le dikete tse lesome,<ref>Daniel Puchert (5 March 2025). [https://mybroadband.co.za/news/internet/585516-big-change-for-checkers-sixty60.html "Big change for Checkers Sixty60"]. Mybroadband. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref>mme morago ga moo ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele wa one ngwaga oo, ya oketsa ka "dithoto tsa maemo a a kwa godimo" di le dikete tse pedi le makgolo a matlhano tse di neng di tla romelwa kwa [[:en:Cape_Town|Cape Town]] fela.<ref>[https://www.bizcommunity.com/article/checkers-rolls-out-the-new-sixty60-app-with-enhanced-features-699031a "Checkers rolls out the new Sixty60 app with enhanced features"]. Bizcommunity.com. 22 November 2024. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref> Go tloga ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2024, tirelo ya thomelo ya Sixty60 fa e batliwa e ne e le teng go tswa kwa mafelong a le makgolo a le marataro le bongwe , mme morekisi o ne a oketsa ka mafelo a mašwa a le masome a borobabongwe le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2024.<ref>Myles Illidge (20 May 2025). [https://mybroadband.co.za/news/it-services/595322-the-on-demand-delivery-giant-crushing-its-competition-in-south-africa.html "The on-demand delivery giant crushing its competition in South Africa"]. MyBroadband. Retrieved 21 May 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ngwaga wa 2025, morekisi o ne a tswelela go tlhama Sixty60 ka go tlhama kgetho e e dirilweng mo sebatling gore bareki ba e dirise. Mo e ka nnang ka nako e e tshwanang, go ne ga itsisiwe gore polatefomo ya thomelo e tla atologa mo teng ga ditiro tsa morekisi wa kgaitsadi [[:en:Shoprite_Holdings_Ltd|Shoprite]], go tswa mo makaleng a le 3 a a leng teng, go ya go palogotlhe ya a le 5, go ralala diporofense di le 3 tsa Aforika Borwa.<ref name=":4">Myles Illidge (20 May 2025). [https://mybroadband.co.za/news/it-services/595322-the-on-demand-delivery-giant-crushing-its-competition-in-south-africa.html "The on-demand delivery giant crushing its competition in South Africa"]. MyBroadband. Retrieved 21 May 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ngwaga wa 2026, go begilwe gore Checkers e atolositse Sixty60 go nna mabentlele a le makgolo a le borobabobedi le masome a le supa le botlhano go ralala Aforika Borwa<ref name=":4" /> mme bakgweetsi ba Checkers Sixty60 go begwa ba amogetse madi a a fetang didikadike di le lekgolo le masome a borataro ka dikeletso mo halofong ya bobedi ya 2025 fela.<ref>"[https://topauto.co.za/news/150363/checkers-sixty60-gets-r160-million-in-tips/ Checkers Sixty60 gets R160 million in tips]". Retrieved 14 July 2026.</ref> == Thulaganyo ya boikanyegi == Bareki ba Checkers ba ka dirisa karata ya bone ya boikanyegi ya Xtra Savings go fitlhelela diphokoletso tse di rileng tsa lenaneo. Dikarata di ka bonwa mo inthaneteng kgotsa mo lebentleleng. Ka ngwaga wa 2016 Checkers e ne ya leka karata ya boikanyegi ya Xtra Savings, mme morago ga moo ya e baya mo shelofong go fitlha e simolodisiwa kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2019. Thulaganyo e e letla bareki go ikwadisetsa karata e morago ga moo ba tla tlhokang go e swaepa fa ba reka. Go farologana le mananeo a mangwe a dituelo, bareki ba duelwa ka go boloka madi ka bonako fa ba reka go na le go bona dintlha tse ba tla di dirisang moragonyana.<ref>[https://www.timeslive.co.za/news/south-africa/2019-10-16-checkers-introduces-rewards-programme-xtra-savings-heres-how-it-works/ "Checkers introduces rewards programme 'Xtra savings' - here's how it works]". ''TimesLIVE''.</ref> Checkers e bolela gore tiriso ya karata e ka felela ka gore o boloke madi a a fitlhang go karolo ya masome a mabedi le botlhano mo lekgolong le go fitlhelela dithekiso dingwe ka bonako. Go na le dipotso dingwe tsa setšhaba ka ga gore a madi a a bolokilweng ke a nnete. Seno ke ka gonne ditlhwatlhwa tse di fokoditsweng di ile tsa bapisiwa le ditlhwatlhwa tse di tlwaelegileng tsa mabenkele a mangwe. Dipapiso tseno di lebega di supa gore dipoloko tse di bapaditsweng ke Checkers di feteleditswe.<ref>[https://www.businessinsider.co.za/checkers-xtra-savings-discount-card-relaunch-2019-10 "Checkers just revived 'Xtra Savings', its answer to Smart Shopper and WRewards – but its discounts are a little variable".] ''BusinessInsider''.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2024, motlamedi yo mogolo wa thuso ya kalafi (inšorense ya boitekanelo) ya Aforika Borwa le setheo sa matlole, [[:en:Discovery_Limited|Discovery]], se ne sa dirisana le Checkers go fa maloko a lenaneo la sone la dituelo tsa Discovery Vitality mosola wa HealthyFood go tswa mo dilong dingwe tse di rekisiwang kwa Checkers.<ref>Nkosinathi Ndlovu (1 August 2024). [https://techcentral.co.za/discovery-vitality-pick-n-pay-checkers/248982/ "Discovery Vitality ditches Pick n Pay for Checkers"]. Tech Central. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2025, Checkers e ne ya dirisana le setheo se segolo sa madi sa Aforika Borwa, [[:en:Standard_Bank|Standard Bank]], mme bareki ba banka ba ka bona dintlha tsa dituelo tsa Standard Bank uCount ka go reka kwa Checkers.<ref>Agency Staff (16 April 2025). [https://techcentral.co.za/standard-bank-checkers-sixty60-rewards/262437/ "Standard Bank joins forces with Checkers Sixty60"]. Tech Central. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://beta.sixty60.co.za/ Sixty60 - uCount]". Checkers. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref> Bareki ba ka nna gape ba ikwadisetsa peeletso ya kgwedi le kgwedi ya Xtra Savings Plus, go bona dituelo tse di oketsegileng, le dithomelo tse di sa lekanyediwang tsa Sixty60 (fa fela go dirisitswe bonnye jwa madi a taelo).<ref>"[https://www.sixty60.co.za/xtra-savings-plus.html Xtra Savings Plus]". Checkers. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref> == Maikarabelo a kgwebo mo loagong == Ka ngwaga wa 2013, Checkers e ne ya tlhagisa [[:en:Shopping_bag|dikgetsi tsa ntlha tsa polasetiki]] tse di [[:en:Recycling_in_South_Africa|dirisiwang gape]] ka lekgolo mo lekgolong tsa go reka mo Aforikaborwa.<ref name=":0" /> <references /> t5xxt096tv2mhhs7jcmfpw25mghzqv1 52545 52543 2026-07-15T18:43:10Z Atsile Edith 11759 ke senotse tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 52545 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Checkers''' ke lebentlele la marekisetso le le kafa tlase ga kompone ya Shoprite mo [[Aforika Borwa|Aforikaborwa]]. E tlhomilwe ka ngwaga wa1956 ke Norman Hertz Herber, <ref name="About Us"></ref> mme ebile e aname go ralala [[Aforika Borwa|Aforikaborwa]].<ref name="About Us">{{Cite web |last= |date= |title=About Us |url=https://www.checkers.co.za/about-us |access-date=5 May 2025 |publisher=Checkers}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2025, Checkers e ne e na le mabentlele a le makgoloa le thataro le masome a borataro le bongwe go ralala Aforika Borwa, Botswana, le Namibia.<ref name=":0">"[https://www.shopriteholdings.co.za/docs/shp-ir-2025.pdf Shoprite Holdings - Integrated Report, 2025]" (PDF). Shoprite Holdings. 2025. Retrieved 27 February 2026.</ref>Keetane e tlhomile mogopolo mo go feng bareki ba lotseno lo lo magareng le lo lo kwa godimo dijo ka mokgwa wa go rulaganya tsa yone tsa mabenkele a Checkers le FreshX ka go latelana.<ref>Moneyweb (15 January 2025). "[https://www.moneyweb.co.za/news/companies-and-deals/is-checkers-sixty60-eating-spar-alive/ Is Spar most exposed to the Checkers Sixty60 threat?]". Moneyweb. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref> == Ditso == Lebentlele la Checkers le tlhomilwe ka ngwaga wa 1956 ke Norman Herber kwa [[:en:Mayfair,_Johannesburg|Mayfair, Johannesburg]].<ref>Kahla, Cheryl (10 December 2018). [https://www.thesouthafrican.com/eat-in-best-grocery-specials-south-africas-supermarkets/ "Eat in for under R180: Best grocery specials at South Africa's supermarkets]". ''The South African''. Retrieved 10 December 2018.</ref><ref>M. C. Cant; J. W. Strydom; C. J. Jooste; P. J. du Plessis (2009). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=6uU-Dz-sCIQC&pg=PA375 Marketing Management]''. Juta and Company Ltd. pp.&#x20;375–. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7021-7188-8|978-0-7021-7188-8]]</bdi>.</ref><ref>Herman Daniel Van Schalkwyk; Gavin C. G. Fraser; Ajuruchukwu Obi; Aad Van Tilburg (2012). [https://books.google.com/books?id=sHaDsoU0TFAC&pg=PA152 ''Unlocking Markets to Smallholders: Lessons from South Africa''.] Wageningen Academic Pub. pp.&#x20;152–. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-90-8686-134-7|978-90-8686-134-7]]</bdi>.</ref>Kgwebo e ne ya atolosiwa moragonyana mme ya atlega ke [[:en:Raymond_Ackerman_(businessman)|Raymond Ackerman]]. Morekisi o ne a simolola dilwana tsa gagwe tse di senang leina, tse di bidiwang House Brands, ka dingwaga tsa bo 1950, mme ka dingwaga tsa bo 1960, o ne a atolositswe go nna mabentlele a le masome a le borobabobedi go ralala Aforika Borwa. Gape ka dingwaga tsa bo borataro , Checkers e ne ya nna lebentlele la ntlha la go rekisa go dirisa dikgetsi tsa polyethylene tse di kitlaneng thata.<ref name="About Us" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1984, Checkers e ne ya simolola go reka kwa gae, ka Kantoro ya Poso ya Aforika Borwa, mme ngwaga o o latelang, morekisi o ne a simolola thulaganyo ya gagwe ya ntlha ya go duela ka karata ka tirisanommogo le Barclays Bank.<ref name="About Us" /> Gape ka ngwaga wa 1985, Checkers e ne ya simolola thulaganyo ya ntlha ya go tlisa korosari mo Aforika Borwa, mme ka 1986, setlamo seno se ne sa tlhagisa mofuta wa ntlha wa go sekaseka ditlhwatlhwa tsa dikumo mo mabentleleng a sone.<ref name="About Us" /> Checkers e ne ya simolola letsholo le legolo go gaisa la go tshwaragana le bareki le le neng le dirwa ke morekisi wa Aforikaborwa ka ngwaga wa 1990.<ref name="About Us" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1991, Checkers e ne ya rekwa ke ketane e nngwe ya mabentlele ya Aforika Borwa (e nngwe ya tse dikgolo go gaisa mo nageng), [[:en:Shoprite_(South_Africa)|Shoprite Group]].<ref>BT (21 August 2024). [https://businesstech.co.za/news/business/787575/the-man-who-built-south-africas-biggest-retail-empire/https://businesstech.co.za/news/business/787575/the-man-who-built-south-africas-biggest-retail-empire/ "The man who built South Africa's biggest retail empire"]. ''businesstech.co.za''. Retrieved 21 August 2024.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2016, Checkers e ne ya simolola sebopego sa yone sa lebentlele la FreshX,<ref name=":0" /> ka boikaelelo jo bo tlhamaletseng jwa go gaisana ka tlhamalalo le morekisi yo mogolo wa Aforika Borwa wa [[:en:Woolworths_(South_Africa)|Woolworths]], ka go lebisa kwa bathong ba ba amogelang lotseno lo lo kwa godimo.<ref>Akhona Matshoba (8 September 2021). [https://www.moneyweb.co.za/news/companies-and-deals/checkers-freshx-to-compete-with-woolworths/ "Checkers FreshX to compete with Woolworths". Moneyweb]. Retrieved 27 February 2026.</ref> Sebopego se sešwa sa lebentlele, se se tlhotlheleditsweng ka bontlhabongwe ke kompone ya molekane IMS Argentina,<ref name=":2">[https://cbn.co.za/industry-news/retail-news/checkers-freshx-wins-with-premium-innovative-store-format/ "Checkers FreshX wins with premium, innovative store format"]. Cape Business News. 17 November 2025. Retrieved 27 February 2026.</ref> se ne se ikaeletse go nna sa maemo a a kwa godimo le go dirisana, go akaretsa le mafapha a a kgethegileng a a jaaka lefelo la go rekisa nama, lebentlele la borotho, bara ya sushi, bara ya kofi, le setoro sa mofine. Lefapha lengwe le lengwe le ne le tla nna le boitshupo jwa lone, mme thulaganyo le dikarolo tsa FreshX di ne di tla farologana thata le mabentlele a a leng teng a Checkers.<ref name=":1">[https://www.shopriteholdings.co.za/group/brands/checkers.html "Serving more affluent customers who prioritise convenience, quality and freshness]". Shoprite Holdings. Retrieved 27 February 2026.</ref> Mabentlele a FreshX a ne a tla nna le mowa o o kgetegileng, o o nang le bodilo jo bo boreledi jwa khokho gore go nne le modumo o o kwa tlase wa kolotsana ya go reka, didirisiwa tse dintsi tsa maemo a a kwa godimo tsa go kgabisa ka fa teng, tikologo e e senang tlhakatlhakano, le ditsela tse di bulegileng. Tlhamo ya sebopego se sesha o rometswe dikompone tsa moralo wa fa gare, mme ditshweetso tsena di irilwe gore bareki ba nne le maitemogelo a a nang le kagiso, a a iketlileng a itumedisa bareki. Mabenkele a mašwa a sebopego sa FreshX a ne a tla rekisa motswako wa kgwebo ya one le wa kgwebo tsa sephiri. FreshX e tla akaretsa gape le matshwaokgwebo a balekane, jaaka Kauai, Lindt, Krispy Kreme, le Starbucks, a a dirang ka fa tlase ga sekao sa lebentlele mo lebentleleng.<ref name=":1" /><ref>[https://www.designcompany.co.za/tdc-portfolio/checkers-freshx "TDC & Co - Checkers FreshX"]. TDC & Co. Retrieved 27 February 2026.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2019, Checkers Xtra Polokelo e ile ya itsise se mmuso lenaneo la boikanyego la kompone. Bareki ba ne ba ka bona dituelo ka go ikwadisetsa le go swaepa karata ya Xtra Savings, kgotsa go e bonesa mo megaleng ya bone.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 2021, Checkers e ne ya simolola [[:en:Pet_store|lebentlele diruiwa tsa mo lapeng]] la yone la ntlha le le ikemetseng , ka fa tlase ga letshwaokgwebo la [[:en:Petshop_Science|Petshop Science]]. E ne e le ketane ya ntlha ya mabenkele a magolo mo Aforika Borwa go dira jalo, mme ya simolola go atolosa letshwaokgwebo ka bonako go ralala naga.<ref name=":3">Nick Wilson (5 November 2024). [https://www.news24.com/business/companies/fur-baby-frenzy-shoprite-opens-its-100th-petshop-science-store-after-just-three-years-20241005 "Fur baby frenzy: Shoprite opens its 100th Petshop Science store after just three years]". news24. Retrieved 6 October 2025.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2022, Checkers ya kwa ntle e ne ya itsisiwe semmuso. Letshwaokgwebo le lešwa le ne le tla rekisa go kampa, tiro ya boitlosobodutu jwa kwa ntle, le dilwana tse di amanang le nama e beswang.<ref name=":0" />Ngwaga o o latelang, kompone e ne ya simolola diaparo tsa yone tsa Uniq ya Checkers, tse di neng di tlhomile mogopolo mo moaparong wa basadi.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 2024, Checkers e ne e na le palo yotlhe ya maloko a karata ya boikanyegi ya Xtra Savings a le didikadike di le lesome le bobedi. Mo ngwageng o le mongwe wa matlole, lebentlele le legolo le begile kgolo ya thekiso ya karolo ya lesome le bobedi le ntlha tharo mo lekgolong ya kgolo ya thekiso ya lone la konokono la Checkers, Checkers Hyper, le Checkers Foods fa a kopantswe.<ref>"[https://www.shopriteholdings.co.za/docs/shp-ir-2024.pdf Shoprite Holdings Integrated Report 2024]" (PDF). Shoprite. 2024. Retrieved 7 October 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ngwaga wa 2024, lebentlele la palo ya lekgolo la Petshop Saense le ne la bulwa.<ref name=":3" /> Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2025, Checkers e ne ya bidiwa letshwaokgwebo le le nonofileng go gaisa mo Aforikaborwa mo Pegong ya Matlole a Letshwaokgwebo ya ngwaga wa 2025 ya Aforika Borwa ya bangwe ba lekgolo, mme ya bona tekanyetso ya AAA+, e leng tekanyetso e e kwa godimo ya maatla a letshwaokgwebo e e neng ya abelwa.<ref>[https://brandfinance.com/insights/checkers-driving-growth-through-digital-transformation-and-strategic-partnerships "Checkers: Driving growth through digital transformation and strategic partnerships | Brand Finance"]. 6 March 2025. Retrieved 19 February 2026.</ref> Morago ga moo ba ne ba dira ditso tsa kgwebo ka go sirolola kara ya ntlha e e botlhale ya Aforika Borwa, e e nang le mefuta e e farologaneng ya maranyane e e diretsweng go tokafatsa maitemogelo a go reka, ka Phatwe wa ngwaga oo.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20250822060203/https://www.moneyweb.co.za/news/companies-and-deals/checkers-trials-sas-first-smart-trolley-with-built-in-checkout/ Checkers trials SA's first smart trolley with built-in checkout".] ''Moneyweb''. 21 August 2025. Archived from [https://www.moneyweb.co.za/news/companies-and-deals/checkers-trials-sas-first-smart-trolley-with-built-in-checkout/ the original] on 22 August 2025. Retrieved 19 February 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ngwaga wa 2025, Checkers e boletse maikaelelo a yone a go tswelela go kgarameletsa mo karolong ya kgwebo ya maemo a a kwa godimo mo Aforika Borwa, ka go fetolela mabentlele a le mantsi a a leng teng go nna sebopego sa yona sa maemo a a kwa godimo sa FreshX. Kompone e boletse fa diphetogo tse e le nngwe ya dilo tse di tlang pele mo go yone. Checkers e begile gore thekiso yotlhe ya FreshX e oketsegile ka karolo ya lesome le boraro ntlha e robangbobedi ngwaga le ngwaga, mme se se tsentse didikadike tsa di ranta dile lesome le bongwe ntlha e thataro mo lotsenong lotlhe lwa kompone.<ref name=":2" /> Gape ka ngwaga wa 2025, kompone e ne ya simolola lefelo la yone la kgwebo ya maranyane, le le kopanyang serala ya thomelo ya Sixty60.<ref name=":0" /> Ka kgwedi Mopitlo ngwaga wa 2026, Checkers e ne ya bega gore serala sa yone ya go isa dithoto fa di batliwa, e leng Sixty60, e ne e dira sentle thata. Fa karolo ya kompone ka kakaretso ya dijo tsa kwa lapeng e ntse e gola, thekiso ka serala ya Sixty60 e ne e oketsega ka dikelo tse di kwa godimo thata go na le go reka mo mabentleleng. Thekiso ya dithoto tsa RSA tsa Mabentlele a magolo a Shoprite Holdings e godile ka karolo ya bosupa le ntlha nngwe mo dikgweding di le thataro tse di fetileng, fa thekiso ya Sixty60 yone e oketsegile ka masome a mararo le bone ntlha thataro mo lekgolong mo pakeng e e tshwanang, mme ya gola go fitlha go didikadike tsa di ranta dile lesome le bongwe le ntlha e robangbongwe mo lekgolong . Palo ya mabentlele a Sixty60 e neng e le teng mo go one e ne e oketsegile ka go feta karolo ya masome a mane le botlhano mo lekgolong mo pakeng ya kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2024 go ya ko kgweding ya Sedimonthole ngwaga wa 2025.<ref>Myles Illidge (3 March 2026). [https://mybroadband.co.za/news/it-services/631638-good-news-for-people-who-shop-on-checkers-sixty60-2.html "Good news for people who shop on Checkers Sixty60".] MyBroadband. Retrieved 4 March 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ngwaga wa 2026, Checkers e ne ya itsise gore mabentlele a yone a Hyper(a sebopego se segolo) a tla oketsa ka molekane yo mosha wa lebentlele mo lebentleleng, e leng kompone ya [[:en:Coffee|kofi]] ya [[:en:Nespresso|Nespresso]]. Ka kgaisano e e oketsegang mo lephateng la kgwebo ya Aforika Borwa, le tlhokego e e kgolo ya kofi ke bareki ba Aforika Borwa, lefelo la ntlha la Nespresso le ne la bulwa mo teng ga Checkers Hyper kwa lefelong la marekisetso la Centurion . Lebenktlele le legolo le ne la itsise ka nako eo gore lebentlele la bobedi la Nespresso le tla bulwa ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ngwaga wa 2026, mo teng ga Paarl Junction Hyper. Checkers a re mabentlele a Nespresso mo nakong e a tlaa nna fela mo mabentleleng a yone a Hyper, ka a na le sebaka sa go ba amogela. Checkers gape e boletse gore tirisanommogo e e tshwanela mokgele wa yone wa go tlisa matshwaokgwebo a a tsewang tsia a lefatshe lotlhe gaufi le bareki ka mabenkele a yone.<ref>Kabelo Khumalo (8 April 2026). "[https://www.businessday.co.za/companies/2026-04-08-checkers-and-nespresso-team-up-to-lure-coffee-lovers/ Checkers and Nespresso team up to lure coffee lovers]". BusinessDay. Retrieved 10 April 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ngwaga wa 2026, go ne ga begwa gore kompone ya motsadi ya Checkers ebong Shoprite e ne e na le se se bidiwang "mabentlele a lefifi" a le manè, go direla fela tirelo ya yone ya go tlisa dijo kwa gae ya Sixty60 e e batliwang. Mabentlele a a bereka yaaka mafelo a mannye a tiragatso e e nametsang, a oketsa dinako tsa tiragatso ya thomelo mo nakong mo mafelong a a naleng patlo e e ko godimo, mme a sa bulwelewa setshaba yaaka mabentlele a tlwaelo. Tse tharo tsa tsone di ne di le kwa Cape Town, mme e le nngwe e le kwa Joburg. Kompone e netefaditse fa e tshwaregile ka go aga lebentlele la ntlha la go nna jalo kwa KZN. Ka nako eo, Shoprite e netefaditse gore dithomelo tsa Sixty60 di ne tsa diragadiwa go tswa mo mabentleleng a le makgolo a borobabobedi le masome a borobabongwe le bone go ralala Aforika Borwa.<ref>Hanno Labuschagne (29 May 2026). [https://mybroadband.co.za/news/business/650776-new-checkers-sixty60-dark-store-in-south-africa.html "New Checkers Sixty60 dark store in South Africa"]. MyBroadband. Retrieved 1 June 2026.</ref> == Ditiro == [[Setshwantsho:Aisles in a Checkers in Durbanville, Cape Town.jpg|thumb|Ditsela tsa dithoto tsa dijo mo lebentleleng la dijo tsa kwa lapeng la Checkers]] Ka ngwaga wa 2025, Checkers e ne e na le mabentlele a le makgolo a thataro le masome borataro le bongwe go ralala dinaga di le tharo. Palo yotlhe e e ne e akaretsa [[:en:Supermarket|mabentlele a magolo]] a le makgolo a le mararo le lesome, mabentlele a Checkers Hyper a le masome a mane, le Mabentlele a Bojalwa a Checkers a le makgolo a le mararo le lesome le bongwe.<ref name=":0" /> Go tloga ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa 2025, kompone e na le mabentlele a le lekgolo le masome a mane le bone a [[:en:Petshop_Science|diruiwa tsa mo]] [[:en:Petshop_Science|lapeng]] ka fa tlase ga letshwaokgwebo la yone la Petshop Science, mme se se dira gore e nne morekisi wa bobedi yo mogolo wa mabentlele a diruiwa tsa mo lapeng mo Aforika Borwa, morago ga letshwaokgwebo la [[:en:Woolworths_(South_Africa)|Woolworths]] la [[:en:Absolute_Pets|Absolute Pets]].<ref>[https://www.moneyweb.co.za/news/companies-and-deals/in-battle-for-pets-shoprite-is-catching-woolies-fast/ "In battle for pets, Shoprite is catching Woolies fast"]. Moneyweb. 30 September 2025. Retrieved 5 October 2025.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Dairy Aisle in a Checkers in Durbanville, Cape Town.jpg|thumb|Tselana ya mašwi mo lebentleleng la Checkers kwa Cape Town]] Difomete tsa mabenkele a setlamo ke: * Checkers- [[:en:Supermarket|marekisetso a bogolo]] jo bo tlwaelesegileng * Checkers FreshX - [[:en:Supermarket|marekisetso a bogolo]] jo bo tlwaelesegileng tse di lebisitsweng mo lephateng la dijo tsa ko lapeng ya maemo a a kwa godimo (ba ba amogelang lotseno lo lo kwa godimo) * Checkers Hyper - mabentlele a magolo a a nang le dilo tse dintsi go feta mabentlele a magolo, go akaretsa le didirisiwa tsa mo gae le diaparo * Diaparo tsa Uniq tsa Checkers [[Setshwantsho:Fresh Produce Section in a Checkers in Durbanville, Cape Town.jpg|thumb|Karolo ya dikungo tse di itekanetseng tsa Checkers]] * Lebentlele la Bojalwa la Checkers - mabentlele a bojalwa a a kgaoganeng le mabentlele a magolo, go ya ka molao wa Aforika Borwa<ref>Luke Fraser (28 January 2025). [https://businesstech.co.za/news/business/809025/new-era-for-checkers-sixty60-in-south-africa/ "New era for Checkers Sixty60 in South Africa"]. BusinessTech. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref> * littleme - dithoto tsa masea * Checkers ya tsa kwa ntle - dithoto tsa [[:en:Outdoor_recreation|kwa ntle]] * [[:en:Petshop_Science|Saense ya Lebentlele la Diruiwa]] - dithoto tsa [[:en:Pet|diruiwa]] == Masome a marataro60 == [[Setshwantsho:Checkers Liquor Shop Entrance in Durbanville, Cape Town.jpg|thumb|Botseno jwa Lebentlele la Bojalwa la Checkers kwa Durbanville]] Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2019, Checkers e ne ya simolola tsamaiso ya yone ya go tlisa dijo kwa gae, e e bidiwang Sixty60. Tirelo ya go tlisa dijo e e batliwang thata, e e theilweng mo tirisong e ne e le tirelo ya ntlha ya go tlisa dithoto kwa mabentleleng a magolo mo Aforikaborwa e e neng ya tlamela ka fensetere ya thomelo ya oura e le nngwe.<ref>"[https://beta.sixty60.co.za/about-us Checkers Sixty60 - About Us]". Checkers. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Blue Route Mall Sign in Tokai, Cape Town (1).jpg|thumb|Matshwao Checkers Hyper kwa Blue Route Mall kwa Tokai, kwa Cape Town]] Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2024, Checkers e ne ya atolosa thata lenaneo la dithoto tsa tirelo ya thomelo go akaretsa dilwana tsa thekiso ka kakaretso di le dikete tse lesome,<ref>Daniel Puchert (5 March 2025). [https://mybroadband.co.za/news/internet/585516-big-change-for-checkers-sixty60.html "Big change for Checkers Sixty60"]. Mybroadband. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref>mme morago ga moo ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele wa one ngwaga oo, ya oketsa ka "dithoto tsa maemo a a kwa godimo" di le dikete tse pedi le makgolo a matlhano tse di neng di tla romelwa kwa [[:en:Cape_Town|Cape Town]] fela.<ref>[https://www.bizcommunity.com/article/checkers-rolls-out-the-new-sixty60-app-with-enhanced-features-699031a "Checkers rolls out the new Sixty60 app with enhanced features"]. Bizcommunity.com. 22 November 2024. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref> Go tloga ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2024, tirelo ya thomelo ya Sixty60 fa e batliwa e ne e le teng go tswa kwa mafelong a le makgolo a le marataro le bongwe , mme morekisi o ne a oketsa ka mafelo a mašwa a le masome a borobabongwe le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2024.<ref>Myles Illidge (20 May 2025). [https://mybroadband.co.za/news/it-services/595322-the-on-demand-delivery-giant-crushing-its-competition-in-south-africa.html "The on-demand delivery giant crushing its competition in South Africa"]. MyBroadband. Retrieved 21 May 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ngwaga wa 2025, morekisi o ne a tswelela go tlhama Sixty60 ka go tlhama kgetho e e dirilweng mo sebatling gore bareki ba e dirise. Mo e ka nnang ka nako e e tshwanang, go ne ga itsisiwe gore polatefomo ya thomelo e tla atologa mo teng ga ditiro tsa morekisi wa kgaitsadi [[:en:Shoprite_Holdings_Ltd|Shoprite]], go tswa mo makaleng a le 3 a a leng teng, go ya go palogotlhe ya a le 5, go ralala diporofense di le 3 tsa Aforika Borwa.<ref name=":4">Myles Illidge (20 May 2025). [https://mybroadband.co.za/news/it-services/595322-the-on-demand-delivery-giant-crushing-its-competition-in-south-africa.html "The on-demand delivery giant crushing its competition in South Africa"]. MyBroadband. Retrieved 21 May 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ngwaga wa 2026, go begilwe gore Checkers e atolositse Sixty60 go nna mabentlele a le makgolo a le borobabobedi le masome a le supa le botlhano go ralala Aforika Borwa<ref name=":4" /> mme bakgweetsi ba Checkers Sixty60 go begwa ba amogetse madi a a fetang didikadike di le lekgolo le masome a borataro ka dikeletso mo halofong ya bobedi ya 2025 fela.<ref>"[https://topauto.co.za/news/150363/checkers-sixty60-gets-r160-million-in-tips/ Checkers Sixty60 gets R160 million in tips]". Retrieved 14 July 2026.</ref> == Thulaganyo ya boikanyegi == Bareki ba Checkers ba ka dirisa karata ya bone ya boikanyegi ya Xtra Savings go fitlhelela diphokoletso tse di rileng tsa lenaneo. Dikarata di ka bonwa mo inthaneteng kgotsa mo lebentleleng. Ka ngwaga wa 2016 Checkers e ne ya leka karata ya boikanyegi ya Xtra Savings, mme morago ga moo ya e baya mo shelofong go fitlha e simolodisiwa kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2019. Thulaganyo e e letla bareki go ikwadisetsa karata e morago ga moo ba tla tlhokang go e swaepa fa ba reka. Go farologana le mananeo a mangwe a dituelo, bareki ba duelwa ka go boloka madi ka bonako fa ba reka go na le go bona dintlha tse ba tla di dirisang moragonyana.<ref>[https://www.timeslive.co.za/news/south-africa/2019-10-16-checkers-introduces-rewards-programme-xtra-savings-heres-how-it-works/ "Checkers introduces rewards programme 'Xtra savings' - here's how it works]". ''TimesLIVE''.</ref> Checkers e bolela gore tiriso ya karata e ka felela ka gore o boloke madi a a fitlhang go karolo ya masome a mabedi le botlhano mo lekgolong le go fitlhelela dithekiso dingwe ka bonako. Go na le dipotso dingwe tsa setšhaba ka ga gore a madi a a bolokilweng ke a nnete. Seno ke ka gonne ditlhwatlhwa tse di fokoditsweng di ile tsa bapisiwa le ditlhwatlhwa tse di tlwaelegileng tsa mabenkele a mangwe. Dipapiso tseno di lebega di supa gore dipoloko tse di bapaditsweng ke Checkers di feteleditswe.<ref>[https://www.businessinsider.co.za/checkers-xtra-savings-discount-card-relaunch-2019-10 "Checkers just revived 'Xtra Savings', its answer to Smart Shopper and WRewards – but its discounts are a little variable".] ''BusinessInsider''.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2024, motlamedi yo mogolo wa thuso ya kalafi (inšorense ya boitekanelo) ya Aforika Borwa le setheo sa matlole, [[:en:Discovery_Limited|Discovery]], se ne sa dirisana le Checkers go fa maloko a lenaneo la sone la dituelo tsa Discovery Vitality mosola wa HealthyFood go tswa mo dilong dingwe tse di rekisiwang kwa Checkers.<ref>Nkosinathi Ndlovu (1 August 2024). [https://techcentral.co.za/discovery-vitality-pick-n-pay-checkers/248982/ "Discovery Vitality ditches Pick n Pay for Checkers"]. Tech Central. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2025, Checkers e ne ya dirisana le setheo se segolo sa madi sa Aforika Borwa, [[:en:Standard_Bank|Standard Bank]], mme bareki ba banka ba ka bona dintlha tsa dituelo tsa Standard Bank uCount ka go reka kwa Checkers.<ref>Agency Staff (16 April 2025). [https://techcentral.co.za/standard-bank-checkers-sixty60-rewards/262437/ "Standard Bank joins forces with Checkers Sixty60"]. Tech Central. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://beta.sixty60.co.za/ Sixty60 - uCount]". Checkers. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref> Bareki ba ka nna gape ba ikwadisetsa peeletso ya kgwedi le kgwedi ya Xtra Savings Plus, go bona dituelo tse di oketsegileng, le dithomelo tse di sa lekanyediwang tsa Sixty60 (fa fela go dirisitswe bonnye jwa madi a taelo).<ref>"[https://www.sixty60.co.za/xtra-savings-plus.html Xtra Savings Plus]". Checkers. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref> == Maikarabelo a kgwebo mo loagong == Ka ngwaga wa 2013, Checkers e ne ya tlhagisa [[:en:Shopping_bag|dikgetsi tsa ntlha tsa polasetiki]] tse di [[:en:Recycling_in_South_Africa|dirisiwang gape]] ka lekgolo mo lekgolong tsa go reka mo Aforikaborwa.<ref name=":0" /> == Kganetsano == Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa 2025, mafelo a magolo a dikgang a Aforika Borwa a ne a simolola go gatisa dipego tse di bitsang bakgweetsi ba Checkers ba Sixty60 ba ba tlisang dithoto ka ntlha ya boitshwaro jwa bone jo bo kotsi jwa go kgweetsa. Ditafole tsa dikgang di lemogile tekanyetso ya Sixty60 ya bongwe le ntlha tse tlhano le boraro mo go tse botlhano, mo setsheng sa ditshwaelo tsa bareki ya Aforika Borwa ya HelloPeter. Le fa ditirelo tse dingwe tsa go isa dijo kwa mabentleleng a magolo le tsone di itsege ka go kgweetsa botlhaswa, bakgweetsi ba Checkers ba ntse ba tlhomilwe mogopolo thata ka ntlha ya go sa ele tlhoko fa ba le mo tseleng.<ref>Staff Writer (7 November 2025). "[https://topauto.co.za/news/137516/checkers-sixty60-drivers-out-of-control-in-south-africa/ Checkers Sixty60 drivers out of control in South Africa]". TopAuto. Retrieved 8 November 2025.</ref> Ka nako eo, Hein Jonker, mothei wa Setheo sa Pabalesego ya dikuta sa Aforika Borwa, o ne a bolela gore ditiro tsa bakgweetsi ba ba isang dithoto ga di ame bone fela, mme di ama bakgweetsi ba ba dikologileng, le gore bakgweetsi ba ba isang dithoto kwa mabentleleng a magolo ba tshwanetse go tsenela katiso ya tlhwatlwa ya go palama dikuta. Jonker o tsweletse ka go bolela gore ditlhopha tse di thapang kgotsa tse di dirang ditumalano le bakgweetsi ba ba tlisang dithoto di tshwanetse go sekaseka maitsholo a go kgweetsa, mme morago di tsenye mo tirisong dikgato tse di tlhomameng tsa go otlhaya go kgweetsa ka botlhaswa, le go duela go kgweetsa sentle. Kwa bofelong, Jonker a re matona a laolang pharakano ba tshwanetse go nna le seabe thata mo go tlhokomeleng maitsholo a bakgweetsi ba ba tlisang dithoto. Gape go nnile le dikopo go tswa mo bareking gore Checkers e tsereganye le go tlisa ditokafatso mo Sixty60.<ref>Myles Illidge (7 November 2025). [https://mybroadband.co.za/news/business/617073-checkers-sixty60-delivery-drivers-breaking-the-law.html "Checkers Sixty60 delivery drivers breaking the law"]. MyBroadband. Retrieved 8 November 2025.</ref> Fa e tsibogela se, Sixty60 e ne ya dirisana le Setheo sa Pabalesego ya Dikuta sa Aforika Borwa go tlamela ka dithuto tse di rulaganyeditsweng bapagami ba dikuta ba ditoropo. Mo godimo ga moo, bakgweetsi ba amogela dithuto tse di tseneletseng tsa go tsenngwa mo dikoloing tse di akaretsang sitsamaiso tsa pabalesego le ditsamaiso tsa dikotsi, katiso ya go kgweetsa ka go itshireletsa, le katiso ya go lwantsha go tseelwa dikoloi ka dikgoka. Bakgweetsi gape ba fiwa katiso ya ngwaga le ngwaga ya go tsosolosa ditlhogo tsa dithuto tse.<ref>Jonker, Hein (27 January 2025). [https://www.msi.org.za/pingo-partners-with-the-motorcycle-safety-institute/ "Pingo partners with the Motorcycle Safety Institute"]. ''Motorcycle Safety Institute''. Retrieved 19 February 2026.</ref> Tshegetso e neelwa ditlhopha tsa bakgweetsi tse di mo setlhopeng mo lebaleng, dithutano tsa katiso tsa kgaolo le setlhopha sa tshegetso sa bogareng se se netefatsang pabalesego e e tswelelang ya bakgweetsi le bakgweetsi ba bangwe.<ref>[https://www.enca.com/lifestyle/inside-sixty60-how-shoprite-trains-thousands-delivery-riders "Inside Sixty60: How Shoprite trains thousands of delivery riders - eNCA"]. ''www.enca.com''. 2026-0303-0707. Retrieved 2026-07-14.</ref> <ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20250402043403/https://www.pingodeliver.co.za/ Pingo | The on-demand delivery network of choice]". ''www.pingodeliver.co.za''. Archived from [https://www.pingodeliver.co.za/ the original] on 2 April 2025. Retrieved 14 July 2026.</ref> == Bona gape == * [[:en:Retailing_in_South_Africa|Kgwebo mo Aforikaborwa]] == Metswedi == <references /> == Dikgokagano tsa kwa ntle == * [http://www.checkers.co.za/ Setsa sa maranyane sa semmuso] jkqnwwtw1w59zsawitml5t4wux44z6h 52550 52545 2026-07-15T19:40:34Z Lucrucia98 12161 52550 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Checkers''' ke lebentlele la marekisetso le le kafa tlase ga kompone ya Shoprite mo [[Aforika Borwa|Aforikaborwa]]. E tlhomilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le marataro (1956) ke Norman Hertz Herber, <ref name="About Us"></ref> mme ebile e aname go ralala [[Aforika Borwa|Aforikaborwa]].<ref name="About Us">{{Cite web |last= |date= |title=About Us |url=https://www.checkers.co.za/about-us |access-date=5 May 2025 |publisher=Checkers}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025), Checkers e ne e na le mabentlele a le makgoloa le thataro le masome a borataro le bongwe go ralala Aforika Borwa, Botswana, le Namibia.<ref name=":0">"[https://www.shopriteholdings.co.za/docs/shp-ir-2025.pdf Shoprite Holdings - Integrated Report, 2025]" (PDF). Shoprite Holdings. 2025. Retrieved 27 February 2026.</ref>Keetane e tlhomile mogopolo mo go feng bareki ba lotseno lo lo magareng le lo lo kwa godimo dijo ka mokgwa wa go rulaganya tsa yone tsa mabenkele a Checkers le FreshX ka go latelana.<ref>Moneyweb (15 January 2025). "[https://www.moneyweb.co.za/news/companies-and-deals/is-checkers-sixty60-eating-spar-alive/ Is Spar most exposed to the Checkers Sixty60 threat?]". Moneyweb. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref> == Ditso == Lebentlele la Checkers le tlhomilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le marataro (1956) ke Norman Herber kwa [[:en:Mayfair,_Johannesburg|Mayfair, Johannesburg]].<ref>Kahla, Cheryl (10 December 2018). [https://www.thesouthafrican.com/eat-in-best-grocery-specials-south-africas-supermarkets/ "Eat in for under R180: Best grocery specials at South Africa's supermarkets]". ''The South African''. Retrieved 10 December 2018.</ref><ref>M. C. Cant; J. W. Strydom; C. J. Jooste; P. J. du Plessis (2009). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=6uU-Dz-sCIQC&pg=PA375 Marketing Management]''. Juta and Company Ltd. pp.&#x20;375–. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7021-7188-8|978-0-7021-7188-8]]</bdi>.</ref><ref>Herman Daniel Van Schalkwyk; Gavin C. G. Fraser; Ajuruchukwu Obi; Aad Van Tilburg (2012). [https://books.google.com/books?id=sHaDsoU0TFAC&pg=PA152 ''Unlocking Markets to Smallholders: Lessons from South Africa''.] Wageningen Academic Pub. pp.&#x20;152–. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-90-8686-134-7|978-90-8686-134-7]]</bdi>.</ref>Kgwebo e ne ya atolosiwa moragonyana mme ya atlega ke [[:en:Raymond_Ackerman_(businessman)|Raymond Ackerman]]. Morekisi o ne a simolola dilwana tsa gagwe tse di senang leina, tse di bidiwang House Brands, ka dingwaga tsa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano (1950), mme ka dingwaga tsa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro (1960), o ne a atolositswe go nna mabentlele a le masome a le borobabobedi go ralala Aforika Borwa. Gape ka dingwaga tsa bo borataro , Checkers e ne ya nna lebentlele la ntlha la go rekisa go dirisa dikgetsi tsa polyethylene tse di kitlaneng thata.<ref name="About Us" /> Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bone (1984), Checkers e ne ya simolola go reka kwa gae, ka Kantoro ya Poso ya Aforika Borwa, mme ngwaga o o latelang, morekisi o ne a simolola thulaganyo ya gagwe ya ntlha ya go duela ka karata ka tirisanommogo le Barclays Bank.<ref name="About Us" /> Gape ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le botlhano (1985), Checkers e ne ya simolola thulaganyo ya ntlha ya go tlisa korosari mo Aforika Borwa, mme ka sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borataro (1986), setlamo seno se ne sa tlhagisa mofuta wa ntlha wa go sekaseka ditlhwatlhwa tsa dikumo mo mabentleleng a sone.<ref name="About Us" /> Checkers e ne ya simolola letsholo le legolo go gaisa la go tshwaragana le bareki le le neng le dirwa ke morekisi wa Aforikaborwa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe (1990).<ref name="About Us" /> Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bongwe (1991), Checkers e ne ya rekwa ke ketane e nngwe ya mabentlele ya Aforika Borwa (e nngwe ya tse dikgolo go gaisa mo nageng), [[:en:Shoprite_(South_Africa)|Shoprite Group]].<ref>BT (21 August 2024). [https://businesstech.co.za/news/business/787575/the-man-who-built-south-africas-biggest-retail-empire/https://businesstech.co.za/news/business/787575/the-man-who-built-south-africas-biggest-retail-empire/ "The man who built South Africa's biggest retail empire"]. ''businesstech.co.za''. Retrieved 21 August 2024.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borataro (2016), Checkers e ne ya simolola sebopego sa yone sa lebentlele la FreshX,<ref name=":0" /> ka boikaelelo jo bo tlhamaletseng jwa go gaisana ka tlhamalalo le morekisi yo mogolo wa Aforika Borwa wa [[:en:Woolworths_(South_Africa)|Woolworths]], ka go lebisa kwa bathong ba ba amogelang lotseno lo lo kwa godimo.<ref>Akhona Matshoba (8 September 2021). [https://www.moneyweb.co.za/news/companies-and-deals/checkers-freshx-to-compete-with-woolworths/ "Checkers FreshX to compete with Woolworths". Moneyweb]. Retrieved 27 February 2026.</ref> Sebopego se sešwa sa lebentlele, se se tlhotlheleditsweng ka bontlhabongwe ke kompone ya molekane IMS Argentina,<ref name=":2">[https://cbn.co.za/industry-news/retail-news/checkers-freshx-wins-with-premium-innovative-store-format/ "Checkers FreshX wins with premium, innovative store format"]. Cape Business News. 17 November 2025. Retrieved 27 February 2026.</ref> se ne se ikaeletse go nna sa maemo a a kwa godimo le go dirisana, go akaretsa le mafapha a a kgethegileng a a jaaka lefelo la go rekisa nama, lebentlele la borotho, bara ya sushi, bara ya kofi, le setoro sa mofine. Lefapha lengwe le lengwe le ne le tla nna le boitshupo jwa lone, mme thulaganyo le dikarolo tsa FreshX di ne di tla farologana thata le mabentlele a a leng teng a Checkers.<ref name=":1">[https://www.shopriteholdings.co.za/group/brands/checkers.html "Serving more affluent customers who prioritise convenience, quality and freshness]". Shoprite Holdings. Retrieved 27 February 2026.</ref> Mabentlele a FreshX a ne a tla nna le mowa o o kgetegileng, o o nang le bodilo jo bo boreledi jwa khokho gore go nne le modumo o o kwa tlase wa kolotsana ya go reka, didirisiwa tse dintsi tsa maemo a a kwa godimo tsa go kgabisa ka fa teng, tikologo e e senang tlhakatlhakano, le ditsela tse di bulegileng. Tlhamo ya sebopego se sesha o rometswe dikompone tsa moralo wa fa gare, mme ditshweetso tsena di irilwe gore bareki ba nne le maitemogelo a a nang le kagiso, a a iketlileng a itumedisa bareki. Mabenkele a mašwa a sebopego sa FreshX a ne a tla rekisa motswako wa kgwebo ya one le wa kgwebo tsa sephiri. FreshX e tla akaretsa gape le matshwaokgwebo a balekane, jaaka Kauai, Lindt, Krispy Kreme, le Starbucks, a a dirang ka fa tlase ga sekao sa lebentlele mo lebentleleng.<ref name=":1" /><ref>[https://www.designcompany.co.za/tdc-portfolio/checkers-freshx "TDC & Co - Checkers FreshX"]. TDC & Co. Retrieved 27 February 2026.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019), Checkers Xtra Polokelo e ile ya itsise se mmuso lenaneo la boikanyego la kompone. Bareki ba ne ba ka bona dituelo ka go ikwadisetsa le go swaepa karata ya Xtra Savings, kgotsa go e bonesa mo megaleng ya bone.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bongwe (2021), Checkers e ne ya simolola [[:en:Pet_store|lebentlele diruiwa tsa mo lapeng]] la yone la ntlha le le ikemetseng , ka fa tlase ga letshwaokgwebo la [[:en:Petshop_Science|Petshop Science]]. E ne e le ketane ya ntlha ya mabenkele a magolo mo Aforika Borwa go dira jalo, mme ya simolola go atolosa letshwaokgwebo ka bonako go ralala naga.<ref name=":3">Nick Wilson (5 November 2024). [https://www.news24.com/business/companies/fur-baby-frenzy-shoprite-opens-its-100th-petshop-science-store-after-just-three-years-20241005 "Fur baby frenzy: Shoprite opens its 100th Petshop Science store after just three years]". news24. Retrieved 6 October 2025.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi (2022), Checkers ya kwa ntle e ne ya itsisiwe semmuso. Letshwaokgwebo le lešwa le ne le tla rekisa go kampa, tiro ya boitlosobodutu jwa kwa ntle, le dilwana tse di amanang le nama e beswang.<ref name=":0" />Ngwaga o o latelang, kompone e ne ya simolola diaparo tsa yone tsa Uniq ya Checkers, tse di neng di tlhomile mogopolo mo moaparong wa basadi.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024), Checkers e ne e na le palo yotlhe ya maloko a karata ya boikanyegi ya Xtra Savings a le didikadike di le lesome le bobedi. Mo ngwageng o le mongwe wa matlole, lebentlele le legolo le begile kgolo ya thekiso ya karolo ya lesome le bobedi le ntlha tharo mo lekgolong ya kgolo ya thekiso ya lone la konokono la Checkers, Checkers Hyper, le Checkers Foods fa a kopantswe.<ref>"[https://www.shopriteholdings.co.za/docs/shp-ir-2024.pdf Shoprite Holdings Integrated Report 2024]" (PDF). Shoprite. 2024. Retrieved 7 October 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ngwaga wa 2024, lebentlele la palo ya lekgolo la Petshop Saense le ne la bulwa.<ref name=":3" /> Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2025, Checkers e ne ya bidiwa letshwaokgwebo le le nonofileng go gaisa mo Aforikaborwa mo Pegong ya Matlole a Letshwaokgwebo ya ngwaga wa 2025 ya Aforika Borwa ya bangwe ba lekgolo, mme ya bona tekanyetso ya AAA+, e leng tekanyetso e e kwa godimo ya maatla a letshwaokgwebo e e neng ya abelwa.<ref>[https://brandfinance.com/insights/checkers-driving-growth-through-digital-transformation-and-strategic-partnerships "Checkers: Driving growth through digital transformation and strategic partnerships | Brand Finance"]. 6 March 2025. Retrieved 19 February 2026.</ref> Morago ga moo ba ne ba dira ditso tsa kgwebo ka go sirolola kara ya ntlha e e botlhale ya Aforika Borwa, e e nang le mefuta e e farologaneng ya maranyane e e diretsweng go tokafatsa maitemogelo a go reka, ka Phatwe wa ngwaga oo.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20250822060203/https://www.moneyweb.co.za/news/companies-and-deals/checkers-trials-sas-first-smart-trolley-with-built-in-checkout/ Checkers trials SA's first smart trolley with built-in checkout".] ''Moneyweb''. 21 August 2025. Archived from [https://www.moneyweb.co.za/news/companies-and-deals/checkers-trials-sas-first-smart-trolley-with-built-in-checkout/ the original] on 22 August 2025. Retrieved 19 February 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ngwaga wa 2025, Checkers e boletse maikaelelo a yone a go tswelela go kgarameletsa mo karolong ya kgwebo ya maemo a a kwa godimo mo Aforika Borwa, ka go fetolela mabentlele a le mantsi a a leng teng go nna sebopego sa yona sa maemo a a kwa godimo sa FreshX. Kompone e boletse fa diphetogo tse e le nngwe ya dilo tse di tlang pele mo go yone. Checkers e begile gore thekiso yotlhe ya FreshX e oketsegile ka karolo ya lesome le boraro ntlha e robangbobedi ngwaga le ngwaga, mme se se tsentse didikadike tsa di ranta dile lesome le bongwe ntlha e thataro mo lotsenong lotlhe lwa kompone.<ref name=":2" /> Gape ka ngwaga wa 2025, kompone e ne ya simolola lefelo la yone la kgwebo ya maranyane, le le kopanyang serala ya thomelo ya Sixty60.<ref name=":0" /> Ka kgwedi Mopitlo ngwaga wa 2026, Checkers e ne ya bega gore serala sa yone ya go isa dithoto fa di batliwa, e leng Sixty60, e ne e dira sentle thata. Fa karolo ya kompone ka kakaretso ya dijo tsa kwa lapeng e ntse e gola, thekiso ka serala ya Sixty60 e ne e oketsega ka dikelo tse di kwa godimo thata go na le go reka mo mabentleleng. Thekiso ya dithoto tsa RSA tsa Mabentlele a magolo a Shoprite Holdings e godile ka karolo ya bosupa le ntlha nngwe mo dikgweding di le thataro tse di fetileng, fa thekiso ya Sixty60 yone e oketsegile ka masome a mararo le bone ntlha thataro mo lekgolong mo pakeng e e tshwanang, mme ya gola go fitlha go didikadike tsa di ranta dile lesome le bongwe le ntlha e robangbongwe mo lekgolong . Palo ya mabentlele a Sixty60 e neng e le teng mo go one e ne e oketsegile ka go feta karolo ya masome a mane le botlhano mo lekgolong mo pakeng ya kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2024 go ya ko kgweding ya Sedimonthole ngwaga wa 2025.<ref>Myles Illidge (3 March 2026). [https://mybroadband.co.za/news/it-services/631638-good-news-for-people-who-shop-on-checkers-sixty60-2.html "Good news for people who shop on Checkers Sixty60".] MyBroadband. Retrieved 4 March 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ngwaga wa 2026, Checkers e ne ya itsise gore mabentlele a yone a Hyper(a sebopego se segolo) a tla oketsa ka molekane yo mosha wa lebentlele mo lebentleleng, e leng kompone ya [[:en:Coffee|kofi]] ya [[:en:Nespresso|Nespresso]]. Ka kgaisano e e oketsegang mo lephateng la kgwebo ya Aforika Borwa, le tlhokego e e kgolo ya kofi ke bareki ba Aforika Borwa, lefelo la ntlha la Nespresso le ne la bulwa mo teng ga Checkers Hyper kwa lefelong la marekisetso la Centurion . Lebenktlele le legolo le ne la itsise ka nako eo gore lebentlele la bobedi la Nespresso le tla bulwa ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ngwaga wa 2026, mo teng ga Paarl Junction Hyper. Checkers a re mabentlele a Nespresso mo nakong e a tlaa nna fela mo mabentleleng a yone a Hyper, ka a na le sebaka sa go ba amogela. Checkers gape e boletse gore tirisanommogo e e tshwanela mokgele wa yone wa go tlisa matshwaokgwebo a a tsewang tsia a lefatshe lotlhe gaufi le bareki ka mabenkele a yone.<ref>Kabelo Khumalo (8 April 2026). "[https://www.businessday.co.za/companies/2026-04-08-checkers-and-nespresso-team-up-to-lure-coffee-lovers/ Checkers and Nespresso team up to lure coffee lovers]". BusinessDay. Retrieved 10 April 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ngwaga wa 2026, go ne ga begwa gore kompone ya motsadi ya Checkers ebong Shoprite e ne e na le se se bidiwang "mabentlele a lefifi" a le manè, go direla fela tirelo ya yone ya go tlisa dijo kwa gae ya Sixty60 e e batliwang. Mabentlele a a bereka yaaka mafelo a mannye a tiragatso e e nametsang, a oketsa dinako tsa tiragatso ya thomelo mo nakong mo mafelong a a naleng patlo e e ko godimo, mme a sa bulwelewa setshaba yaaka mabentlele a tlwaelo. Tse tharo tsa tsone di ne di le kwa Cape Town, mme e le nngwe e le kwa Joburg. Kompone e netefaditse fa e tshwaregile ka go aga lebentlele la ntlha la go nna jalo kwa KZN. Ka nako eo, Shoprite e netefaditse gore dithomelo tsa Sixty60 di ne tsa diragadiwa go tswa mo mabentleleng a le makgolo a borobabobedi le masome a borobabongwe le bone go ralala Aforika Borwa.<ref>Hanno Labuschagne (29 May 2026). [https://mybroadband.co.za/news/business/650776-new-checkers-sixty60-dark-store-in-south-africa.html "New Checkers Sixty60 dark store in South Africa"]. MyBroadband. Retrieved 1 June 2026.</ref> == Ditiro == [[Setshwantsho:Aisles in a Checkers in Durbanville, Cape Town.jpg|thumb|Ditsela tsa dithoto tsa dijo mo lebentleleng la dijo tsa kwa lapeng la Checkers]] Ka ngwaga wa 2025, Checkers e ne e na le mabentlele a le makgolo a thataro le masome borataro le bongwe go ralala dinaga di le tharo. Palo yotlhe e e ne e akaretsa [[:en:Supermarket|mabentlele a magolo]] a le makgolo a le mararo le lesome, mabentlele a Checkers Hyper a le masome a mane, le Mabentlele a Bojalwa a Checkers a le makgolo a le mararo le lesome le bongwe.<ref name=":0" /> Go tloga ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa 2025, kompone e na le mabentlele a le lekgolo le masome a mane le bone a [[:en:Petshop_Science|diruiwa tsa mo]] [[:en:Petshop_Science|lapeng]] ka fa tlase ga letshwaokgwebo la yone la Petshop Science, mme se se dira gore e nne morekisi wa bobedi yo mogolo wa mabentlele a diruiwa tsa mo lapeng mo Aforika Borwa, morago ga letshwaokgwebo la [[:en:Woolworths_(South_Africa)|Woolworths]] la [[:en:Absolute_Pets|Absolute Pets]].<ref>[https://www.moneyweb.co.za/news/companies-and-deals/in-battle-for-pets-shoprite-is-catching-woolies-fast/ "In battle for pets, Shoprite is catching Woolies fast"]. Moneyweb. 30 September 2025. Retrieved 5 October 2025.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Dairy Aisle in a Checkers in Durbanville, Cape Town.jpg|thumb|Tselana ya mašwi mo lebentleleng la Checkers kwa Cape Town]] Difomete tsa mabenkele a setlamo ke: * Checkers- [[:en:Supermarket|marekisetso a bogolo]] jo bo tlwaelesegileng * Checkers FreshX - [[:en:Supermarket|marekisetso a bogolo]] jo bo tlwaelesegileng tse di lebisitsweng mo lephateng la dijo tsa ko lapeng ya maemo a a kwa godimo (ba ba amogelang lotseno lo lo kwa godimo) * Checkers Hyper - mabentlele a magolo a a nang le dilo tse dintsi go feta mabentlele a magolo, go akaretsa le didirisiwa tsa mo gae le diaparo * Diaparo tsa Uniq tsa Checkers [[Setshwantsho:Fresh Produce Section in a Checkers in Durbanville, Cape Town.jpg|thumb|Karolo ya dikungo tse di itekanetseng tsa Checkers]] * Lebentlele la Bojalwa la Checkers - mabentlele a bojalwa a a kgaoganeng le mabentlele a magolo, go ya ka molao wa Aforika Borwa<ref>Luke Fraser (28 January 2025). [https://businesstech.co.za/news/business/809025/new-era-for-checkers-sixty60-in-south-africa/ "New era for Checkers Sixty60 in South Africa"]. BusinessTech. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref> * littleme - dithoto tsa masea * Checkers ya tsa kwa ntle - dithoto tsa [[:en:Outdoor_recreation|kwa ntle]] * [[:en:Petshop_Science|Saense ya Lebentlele la Diruiwa]] - dithoto tsa [[:en:Pet|diruiwa]] == Masome a marataro60 == [[Setshwantsho:Checkers Liquor Shop Entrance in Durbanville, Cape Town.jpg|thumb|Botseno jwa Lebentlele la Bojalwa la Checkers kwa Durbanville]] Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2019, Checkers e ne ya simolola tsamaiso ya yone ya go tlisa dijo kwa gae, e e bidiwang Sixty60. Tirelo ya go tlisa dijo e e batliwang thata, e e theilweng mo tirisong e ne e le tirelo ya ntlha ya go tlisa dithoto kwa mabentleleng a magolo mo Aforikaborwa e e neng ya tlamela ka fensetere ya thomelo ya oura e le nngwe.<ref>"[https://beta.sixty60.co.za/about-us Checkers Sixty60 - About Us]". Checkers. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Blue Route Mall Sign in Tokai, Cape Town (1).jpg|thumb|Matshwao Checkers Hyper kwa Blue Route Mall kwa Tokai, kwa Cape Town]] Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2024, Checkers e ne ya atolosa thata lenaneo la dithoto tsa tirelo ya thomelo go akaretsa dilwana tsa thekiso ka kakaretso di le dikete tse lesome,<ref>Daniel Puchert (5 March 2025). [https://mybroadband.co.za/news/internet/585516-big-change-for-checkers-sixty60.html "Big change for Checkers Sixty60"]. Mybroadband. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref>mme morago ga moo ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele wa one ngwaga oo, ya oketsa ka "dithoto tsa maemo a a kwa godimo" di le dikete tse pedi le makgolo a matlhano tse di neng di tla romelwa kwa [[:en:Cape_Town|Cape Town]] fela.<ref>[https://www.bizcommunity.com/article/checkers-rolls-out-the-new-sixty60-app-with-enhanced-features-699031a "Checkers rolls out the new Sixty60 app with enhanced features"]. Bizcommunity.com. 22 November 2024. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref> Go tloga ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2024, tirelo ya thomelo ya Sixty60 fa e batliwa e ne e le teng go tswa kwa mafelong a le makgolo a le marataro le bongwe , mme morekisi o ne a oketsa ka mafelo a mašwa a le masome a borobabongwe le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2024.<ref>Myles Illidge (20 May 2025). [https://mybroadband.co.za/news/it-services/595322-the-on-demand-delivery-giant-crushing-its-competition-in-south-africa.html "The on-demand delivery giant crushing its competition in South Africa"]. MyBroadband. Retrieved 21 May 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ngwaga wa 2025, morekisi o ne a tswelela go tlhama Sixty60 ka go tlhama kgetho e e dirilweng mo sebatling gore bareki ba e dirise. Mo e ka nnang ka nako e e tshwanang, go ne ga itsisiwe gore polatefomo ya thomelo e tla atologa mo teng ga ditiro tsa morekisi wa kgaitsadi [[:en:Shoprite_Holdings_Ltd|Shoprite]], go tswa mo makaleng a le 3 a a leng teng, go ya go palogotlhe ya a le 5, go ralala diporofense di le 3 tsa Aforika Borwa.<ref name=":4">Myles Illidge (20 May 2025). [https://mybroadband.co.za/news/it-services/595322-the-on-demand-delivery-giant-crushing-its-competition-in-south-africa.html "The on-demand delivery giant crushing its competition in South Africa"]. MyBroadband. Retrieved 21 May 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ngwaga wa 2026, go begilwe gore Checkers e atolositse Sixty60 go nna mabentlele a le makgolo a le borobabobedi le masome a le supa le botlhano go ralala Aforika Borwa<ref name=":4" /> mme bakgweetsi ba Checkers Sixty60 go begwa ba amogetse madi a a fetang didikadike di le lekgolo le masome a borataro ka dikeletso mo halofong ya bobedi ya 2025 fela.<ref>"[https://topauto.co.za/news/150363/checkers-sixty60-gets-r160-million-in-tips/ Checkers Sixty60 gets R160 million in tips]". Retrieved 14 July 2026.</ref> == Thulaganyo ya boikanyegi == Bareki ba Checkers ba ka dirisa karata ya bone ya boikanyegi ya Xtra Savings go fitlhelela diphokoletso tse di rileng tsa lenaneo. Dikarata di ka bonwa mo inthaneteng kgotsa mo lebentleleng. Ka ngwaga wa 2016 Checkers e ne ya leka karata ya boikanyegi ya Xtra Savings, mme morago ga moo ya e baya mo shelofong go fitlha e simolodisiwa kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2019. Thulaganyo e e letla bareki go ikwadisetsa karata e morago ga moo ba tla tlhokang go e swaepa fa ba reka. Go farologana le mananeo a mangwe a dituelo, bareki ba duelwa ka go boloka madi ka bonako fa ba reka go na le go bona dintlha tse ba tla di dirisang moragonyana.<ref>[https://www.timeslive.co.za/news/south-africa/2019-10-16-checkers-introduces-rewards-programme-xtra-savings-heres-how-it-works/ "Checkers introduces rewards programme 'Xtra savings' - here's how it works]". ''TimesLIVE''.</ref> Checkers e bolela gore tiriso ya karata e ka felela ka gore o boloke madi a a fitlhang go karolo ya masome a mabedi le botlhano mo lekgolong le go fitlhelela dithekiso dingwe ka bonako. Go na le dipotso dingwe tsa setšhaba ka ga gore a madi a a bolokilweng ke a nnete. Seno ke ka gonne ditlhwatlhwa tse di fokoditsweng di ile tsa bapisiwa le ditlhwatlhwa tse di tlwaelegileng tsa mabenkele a mangwe. Dipapiso tseno di lebega di supa gore dipoloko tse di bapaditsweng ke Checkers di feteleditswe.<ref>[https://www.businessinsider.co.za/checkers-xtra-savings-discount-card-relaunch-2019-10 "Checkers just revived 'Xtra Savings', its answer to Smart Shopper and WRewards – but its discounts are a little variable".] ''BusinessInsider''.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2024, motlamedi yo mogolo wa thuso ya kalafi (inšorense ya boitekanelo) ya Aforika Borwa le setheo sa matlole, [[:en:Discovery_Limited|Discovery]], se ne sa dirisana le Checkers go fa maloko a lenaneo la sone la dituelo tsa Discovery Vitality mosola wa HealthyFood go tswa mo dilong dingwe tse di rekisiwang kwa Checkers.<ref>Nkosinathi Ndlovu (1 August 2024). [https://techcentral.co.za/discovery-vitality-pick-n-pay-checkers/248982/ "Discovery Vitality ditches Pick n Pay for Checkers"]. Tech Central. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2025, Checkers e ne ya dirisana le setheo se segolo sa madi sa Aforika Borwa, [[:en:Standard_Bank|Standard Bank]], mme bareki ba banka ba ka bona dintlha tsa dituelo tsa Standard Bank uCount ka go reka kwa Checkers.<ref>Agency Staff (16 April 2025). [https://techcentral.co.za/standard-bank-checkers-sixty60-rewards/262437/ "Standard Bank joins forces with Checkers Sixty60"]. Tech Central. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://beta.sixty60.co.za/ Sixty60 - uCount]". Checkers. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref> Bareki ba ka nna gape ba ikwadisetsa peeletso ya kgwedi le kgwedi ya Xtra Savings Plus, go bona dituelo tse di oketsegileng, le dithomelo tse di sa lekanyediwang tsa Sixty60 (fa fela go dirisitswe bonnye jwa madi a taelo).<ref>"[https://www.sixty60.co.za/xtra-savings-plus.html Xtra Savings Plus]". Checkers. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref> == Maikarabelo a kgwebo mo loagong == Ka ngwaga wa 2013, Checkers e ne ya tlhagisa [[:en:Shopping_bag|dikgetsi tsa ntlha tsa polasetiki]] tse di [[:en:Recycling_in_South_Africa|dirisiwang gape]] ka lekgolo mo lekgolong tsa go reka mo Aforikaborwa.<ref name=":0" /> == Kganetsano == Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa 2025, mafelo a magolo a dikgang a Aforika Borwa a ne a simolola go gatisa dipego tse di bitsang bakgweetsi ba Checkers ba Sixty60 ba ba tlisang dithoto ka ntlha ya boitshwaro jwa bone jo bo kotsi jwa go kgweetsa. Ditafole tsa dikgang di lemogile tekanyetso ya Sixty60 ya bongwe le ntlha tse tlhano le boraro mo go tse botlhano, mo setsheng sa ditshwaelo tsa bareki ya Aforika Borwa ya HelloPeter. Le fa ditirelo tse dingwe tsa go isa dijo kwa mabentleleng a magolo le tsone di itsege ka go kgweetsa botlhaswa, bakgweetsi ba Checkers ba ntse ba tlhomilwe mogopolo thata ka ntlha ya go sa ele tlhoko fa ba le mo tseleng.<ref>Staff Writer (7 November 2025). "[https://topauto.co.za/news/137516/checkers-sixty60-drivers-out-of-control-in-south-africa/ Checkers Sixty60 drivers out of control in South Africa]". TopAuto. Retrieved 8 November 2025.</ref> Ka nako eo, Hein Jonker, mothei wa Setheo sa Pabalesego ya dikuta sa Aforika Borwa, o ne a bolela gore ditiro tsa bakgweetsi ba ba isang dithoto ga di ame bone fela, mme di ama bakgweetsi ba ba dikologileng, le gore bakgweetsi ba ba isang dithoto kwa mabentleleng a magolo ba tshwanetse go tsenela katiso ya tlhwatlwa ya go palama dikuta. Jonker o tsweletse ka go bolela gore ditlhopha tse di thapang kgotsa tse di dirang ditumalano le bakgweetsi ba ba tlisang dithoto di tshwanetse go sekaseka maitsholo a go kgweetsa, mme morago di tsenye mo tirisong dikgato tse di tlhomameng tsa go otlhaya go kgweetsa ka botlhaswa, le go duela go kgweetsa sentle. Kwa bofelong, Jonker a re matona a laolang pharakano ba tshwanetse go nna le seabe thata mo go tlhokomeleng maitsholo a bakgweetsi ba ba tlisang dithoto. Gape go nnile le dikopo go tswa mo bareking gore Checkers e tsereganye le go tlisa ditokafatso mo Sixty60.<ref>Myles Illidge (7 November 2025). [https://mybroadband.co.za/news/business/617073-checkers-sixty60-delivery-drivers-breaking-the-law.html "Checkers Sixty60 delivery drivers breaking the law"]. MyBroadband. Retrieved 8 November 2025.</ref> Fa e tsibogela se, Sixty60 e ne ya dirisana le Setheo sa Pabalesego ya Dikuta sa Aforika Borwa go tlamela ka dithuto tse di rulaganyeditsweng bapagami ba dikuta ba ditoropo. Mo godimo ga moo, bakgweetsi ba amogela dithuto tse di tseneletseng tsa go tsenngwa mo dikoloing tse di akaretsang sitsamaiso tsa pabalesego le ditsamaiso tsa dikotsi, katiso ya go kgweetsa ka go itshireletsa, le katiso ya go lwantsha go tseelwa dikoloi ka dikgoka. Bakgweetsi gape ba fiwa katiso ya ngwaga le ngwaga ya go tsosolosa ditlhogo tsa dithuto tse.<ref>Jonker, Hein (27 January 2025). [https://www.msi.org.za/pingo-partners-with-the-motorcycle-safety-institute/ "Pingo partners with the Motorcycle Safety Institute"]. ''Motorcycle Safety Institute''. Retrieved 19 February 2026.</ref> Tshegetso e neelwa ditlhopha tsa bakgweetsi tse di mo setlhopeng mo lebaleng, dithutano tsa katiso tsa kgaolo le setlhopha sa tshegetso sa bogareng se se netefatsang pabalesego e e tswelelang ya bakgweetsi le bakgweetsi ba bangwe.<ref>[https://www.enca.com/lifestyle/inside-sixty60-how-shoprite-trains-thousands-delivery-riders "Inside Sixty60: How Shoprite trains thousands of delivery riders - eNCA"]. ''www.enca.com''. 2026-0303-0707. Retrieved 2026-07-14.</ref> <ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20250402043403/https://www.pingodeliver.co.za/ Pingo | The on-demand delivery network of choice]". ''www.pingodeliver.co.za''. Archived from [https://www.pingodeliver.co.za/ the original] on 2 April 2025. Retrieved 14 July 2026.</ref> == Bona gape == * [[:en:Retailing_in_South_Africa|Kgwebo mo Aforikaborwa]] == Metswedi == <references /> == Dikgokagano tsa kwa ntle == * [http://www.checkers.co.za/ Setsa sa maranyane sa semmuso] sc46a76qo4ouydanfb3cahw9z9oqgnu 52565 52550 2026-07-16T06:48:50Z ~2026-40129-23 12973 ke senotse tsebe e#Wikipedia25BW 52565 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Checkers''' ke lebentlele la marekisetso le le kafa tlase ga kompone ya Shoprite mo [[Aforika Borwa|Aforikaborwa]]. E tlhomilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le marataro (1956) ke Norman Hertz Herber, <ref name="About Us"></ref> mme ebile e aname go ralala [[Aforika Borwa|Aforikaborwa]].<ref name="About Us">{{Cite web |last= |date= |title=About Us |url=https://www.checkers.co.za/about-us |access-date=5 May 2025 |publisher=Checkers}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025), Checkers e ne e na le mabentlele a le makgoloa le thataro le masome a borataro le bongwe go ralala Aforika Borwa, Botswana, le Namibia.<ref name=":0">"[https://www.shopriteholdings.co.za/docs/shp-ir-2025.pdf Shoprite Holdings - Integrated Report, 2025]" (PDF). Shoprite Holdings. 2025. Retrieved 27 February 2026.</ref>Keetane e tlhomile mogopolo mo go feng bareki ba lotseno lo lo magareng le lo lo kwa godimo dijo ka mokgwa wa go rulaganya tsa yone tsa mabenkele a Checkers le FreshX ka go latelana.<ref>Moneyweb (15 January 2025). "[https://www.moneyweb.co.za/news/companies-and-deals/is-checkers-sixty60-eating-spar-alive/ Is Spar most exposed to the Checkers Sixty60 threat?]". Moneyweb. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref> == Ditso == Lebentlele la Checkers le tlhomilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le marataro (1956) ke Norman Herber kwa [[:en:Mayfair,_Johannesburg|Mayfair, Johannesburg]].<ref>Kahla, Cheryl (10 December 2018). [https://www.thesouthafrican.com/eat-in-best-grocery-specials-south-africas-supermarkets/ "Eat in for under R180: Best grocery specials at South Africa's supermarkets]". ''The South African''. Retrieved 10 December 2018.</ref><ref>M. C. Cant; J. W. Strydom; C. J. Jooste; P. J. du Plessis (2009). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=6uU-Dz-sCIQC&pg=PA375 Marketing Management]''. Juta and Company Ltd. pp.&#x20;375–. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7021-7188-8|978-0-7021-7188-8]]</bdi>.</ref><ref>Herman Daniel Van Schalkwyk; Gavin C. G. Fraser; Ajuruchukwu Obi; Aad Van Tilburg (2012). [https://books.google.com/books?id=sHaDsoU0TFAC&pg=PA152 ''Unlocking Markets to Smallholders: Lessons from South Africa''.] Wageningen Academic Pub. pp.&#x20;152–. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-90-8686-134-7|978-90-8686-134-7]]</bdi>.</ref>Kgwebo e ne ya atolosiwa moragonyana mme ya atlega ke [[:en:Raymond_Ackerman_(businessman)|Raymond Ackerman]]. Morekisi o ne a simolola dilwana tsa gagwe tse di senang leina, tse di bidiwang House Brands, ka dingwaga tsa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano (1950), mme ka dingwaga tsa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro (1960), o ne a atolositswe go nna mabentlele a le masome a le borobabobedi go ralala Aforika Borwa. Gape ka dingwaga tsa bo borataro , Checkers e ne ya nna lebentlele la ntlha la go rekisa go dirisa dikgetsi tsa polyethylene tse di kitlaneng thata.<ref name="About Us" /> Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bone (1984), Checkers e ne ya simolola go reka kwa gae, ka Kantoro ya Poso ya Aforika Borwa, mme ngwaga o o latelang, morekisi o ne a simolola thulaganyo ya gagwe ya ntlha ya go duela ka karata ka tirisanommogo le Barclays Bank.<ref name="About Us" /> Gape ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le botlhano (1985), Checkers e ne ya simolola thulaganyo ya ntlha ya go tlisa korosari mo Aforika Borwa, mme ka sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borataro (1986), setlamo seno se ne sa tlhagisa mofuta wa ntlha wa go sekaseka ditlhwatlhwa tsa dikumo mo mabentleleng a sone.<ref name="About Us" /> Checkers e ne ya simolola letsholo le legolo go gaisa la go tshwaragana le bareki le le neng le dirwa ke morekisi wa Aforikaborwa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe (1990).<ref name="About Us" /> Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bongwe (1991), Checkers e ne ya rekwa ke ketane e nngwe ya mabentlele ya Aforika Borwa (e nngwe ya tse dikgolo go gaisa mo nageng), [[:en:Shoprite_(South_Africa)|Shoprite Group]].<ref>BT (21 August 2024). [https://businesstech.co.za/news/business/787575/the-man-who-built-south-africas-biggest-retail-empire/https://businesstech.co.za/news/business/787575/the-man-who-built-south-africas-biggest-retail-empire/ "The man who built South Africa's biggest retail empire"]. ''businesstech.co.za''. Retrieved 21 August 2024.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borataro (2016), Checkers e ne ya simolola sebopego sa yone sa lebentlele la FreshX,<ref name=":0" /> ka boikaelelo jo bo tlhamaletseng jwa go gaisana ka tlhamalalo le morekisi yo mogolo wa Aforika Borwa wa [[:en:Woolworths_(South_Africa)|Woolworths]], ka go lebisa kwa bathong ba ba amogelang lotseno lo lo kwa godimo.<ref>Akhona Matshoba (8 September 2021). [https://www.moneyweb.co.za/news/companies-and-deals/checkers-freshx-to-compete-with-woolworths/ "Checkers FreshX to compete with Woolworths". Moneyweb]. Retrieved 27 February 2026.</ref> Sebopego se sešwa sa lebentlele, se se tlhotlheleditsweng ka bontlhabongwe ke kompone ya molekane IMS Argentina,<ref name=":2">[https://cbn.co.za/industry-news/retail-news/checkers-freshx-wins-with-premium-innovative-store-format/ "Checkers FreshX wins with premium, innovative store format"]. Cape Business News. 17 November 2025. Retrieved 27 February 2026.</ref> se ne se ikaeletse go nna sa maemo a a kwa godimo le go dirisana, go akaretsa le mafapha a a kgethegileng a a jaaka lefelo la go rekisa nama, lebentlele la borotho, bara ya sushi, bara ya kofi, le setoro sa mofine. Lefapha lengwe le lengwe le ne le tla nna le boitshupo jwa lone, mme thulaganyo le dikarolo tsa FreshX di ne di tla farologana thata le mabentlele a a leng teng a Checkers.<ref name=":1">[https://www.shopriteholdings.co.za/group/brands/checkers.html "Serving more affluent customers who prioritise convenience, quality and freshness]". Shoprite Holdings. Retrieved 27 February 2026.</ref> Mabentlele a FreshX a ne a tla nna le mowa o o kgetegileng, o o nang le bodilo jo bo boreledi jwa khokho gore go nne le modumo o o kwa tlase wa kolotsana ya go reka, didirisiwa tse dintsi tsa maemo a a kwa godimo tsa go kgabisa ka fa teng, tikologo e e senang tlhakatlhakano, le ditsela tse di bulegileng. Tlhamo ya sebopego se sesha o rometswe dikompone tsa moralo wa fa gare, mme ditshweetso tsena di irilwe gore bareki ba nne le maitemogelo a a nang le kagiso, a a iketlileng a itumedisa bareki. Mabenkele a mašwa a sebopego sa FreshX a ne a tla rekisa motswako wa kgwebo ya one le wa kgwebo tsa sephiri. FreshX e tla akaretsa gape le matshwaokgwebo a balekane, jaaka Kauai, Lindt, Krispy Kreme, le Starbucks, a a dirang ka fa tlase ga sekao sa lebentlele mo lebentleleng.<ref name=":1" /><ref>[https://www.designcompany.co.za/tdc-portfolio/checkers-freshx "TDC & Co - Checkers FreshX"]. TDC & Co. Retrieved 27 February 2026.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019), Checkers Xtra Polokelo e ile ya itsise se mmuso lenaneo la boikanyego la kompone. Bareki ba ne ba ka bona dituelo ka go ikwadisetsa le go swaepa karata ya Xtra Savings, kgotsa go e bonesa mo megaleng ya bone.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bongwe (2021), Checkers e ne ya simolola [[:en:Pet_store|lebentlele diruiwa tsa mo lapeng]] la yone la ntlha le le ikemetseng , ka fa tlase ga letshwaokgwebo la [[:en:Petshop_Science|Petshop Science]]. E ne e le ketane ya ntlha ya mabenkele a magolo mo Aforika Borwa go dira jalo, mme ya simolola go atolosa letshwaokgwebo ka bonako go ralala naga.<ref name=":3">Nick Wilson (5 November 2024). [https://www.news24.com/business/companies/fur-baby-frenzy-shoprite-opens-its-100th-petshop-science-store-after-just-three-years-20241005 "Fur baby frenzy: Shoprite opens its 100th Petshop Science store after just three years]". news24. Retrieved 6 October 2025.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi (2022), Checkers ya kwa ntle e ne ya itsisiwe semmuso. Letshwaokgwebo le lešwa le ne le tla rekisa go kampa, tiro ya boitlosobodutu jwa kwa ntle, le dilwana tse di amanang le nama e beswang.<ref name=":0" />Ngwaga o o latelang, kompone e ne ya simolola diaparo tsa yone tsa Uniq ya Checkers, tse di neng di tlhomile mogopolo mo moaparong wa basadi.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024), Checkers e ne e na le palo yotlhe ya maloko a karata ya boikanyegi ya Xtra Savings a le didikadike di le lesome le bobedi. Mo ngwageng o le mongwe wa matlole, lebentlele le legolo le begile kgolo ya thekiso ya karolo ya lesome le bobedi le ntlha tharo mo lekgolong ya kgolo ya thekiso ya lone la konokono la Checkers, Checkers Hyper, le Checkers Foods fa a kopantswe.<ref>"[https://www.shopriteholdings.co.za/docs/shp-ir-2024.pdf Shoprite Holdings Integrated Report 2024]" (PDF). Shoprite. 2024. Retrieved 7 October 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ngwaga wa 2024, lebentlele la palo ya lekgolo la Petshop Saense le ne la bulwa.<ref name=":3" /> Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2025, Checkers e ne ya bidiwa letshwaokgwebo le le nonofileng go gaisa mo Aforikaborwa mo Pegong ya Matlole a Letshwaokgwebo ya ngwaga wa 2025 ya Aforika Borwa ya bangwe ba lekgolo, mme ya bona tekanyetso ya AAA+, e leng tekanyetso e e kwa godimo ya maatla a letshwaokgwebo e e neng ya abelwa.<ref>[https://brandfinance.com/insights/checkers-driving-growth-through-digital-transformation-and-strategic-partnerships "Checkers: Driving growth through digital transformation and strategic partnerships | Brand Finance"]. 6 March 2025. Retrieved 19 February 2026.</ref> Morago ga moo ba ne ba dira ditso tsa kgwebo ka go sirolola kara ya ntlha e e botlhale ya Aforika Borwa, e e nang le mefuta e e farologaneng ya maranyane e e diretsweng go tokafatsa maitemogelo a go reka, ka Phatwe wa ngwaga oo.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20250822060203/https://www.moneyweb.co.za/news/companies-and-deals/checkers-trials-sas-first-smart-trolley-with-built-in-checkout/ Checkers trials SA's first smart trolley with built-in checkout".] ''Moneyweb''. 21 August 2025. Archived from [https://www.moneyweb.co.za/news/companies-and-deals/checkers-trials-sas-first-smart-trolley-with-built-in-checkout/ the original] on 22 August 2025. Retrieved 19 February 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ngwaga wa 2025, Checkers e boletse maikaelelo a yone a go tswelela go kgarameletsa mo karolong ya kgwebo ya maemo a a kwa godimo mo Aforika Borwa, ka go fetolela mabentlele a le mantsi a a leng teng go nna sebopego sa yona sa maemo a a kwa godimo sa FreshX. Kompone e boletse fa diphetogo tse e le nngwe ya dilo tse di tlang pele mo go yone. Checkers e begile gore thekiso yotlhe ya FreshX e oketsegile ka karolo ya lesome le boraro ntlha e robangbobedi ngwaga le ngwaga, mme se se tsentse didikadike tsa di ranta dile lesome le bongwe ntlha e thataro mo lotsenong lotlhe lwa kompone.<ref name=":2" /> Gape ka ngwaga wa 2025, kompone e ne ya simolola lefelo la yone la kgwebo ya maranyane, le le kopanyang serala ya thomelo ya Sixty60.<ref name=":0" /> Ka kgwedi Mopitlo ngwaga wa 2026, Checkers e ne ya bega gore serala sa yone ya go isa dithoto fa di batliwa, e leng Sixty60, e ne e dira sentle thata. Fa karolo ya kompone ka kakaretso ya dijo tsa kwa lapeng e ntse e gola, thekiso ka serala ya Sixty60 e ne e oketsega ka dikelo tse di kwa godimo thata go na le go reka mo mabentleleng. Thekiso ya dithoto tsa RSA tsa Mabentlele a magolo a Shoprite Holdings e godile ka karolo ya bosupa le ntlha nngwe mo dikgweding di le thataro tse di fetileng, fa thekiso ya Sixty60 yone e oketsegile ka masome a mararo le bone ntlha thataro mo lekgolong mo pakeng e e tshwanang, mme ya gola go fitlha go didikadike tsa di ranta dile lesome le bongwe le ntlha e robangbongwe mo lekgolong . Palo ya mabentlele a Sixty60 e neng e le teng mo go one e ne e oketsegile ka go feta karolo ya masome a mane le botlhano mo lekgolong mo pakeng ya kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2024 go ya ko kgweding ya Sedimonthole ngwaga wa 2025.<ref>Myles Illidge (3 March 2026). [https://mybroadband.co.za/news/it-services/631638-good-news-for-people-who-shop-on-checkers-sixty60-2.html "Good news for people who shop on Checkers Sixty60".] MyBroadband. Retrieved 4 March 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ngwaga wa 2026, Checkers e ne ya itsise gore mabentlele a yone a Hyper(a sebopego se segolo) a tla oketsa ka molekane yo mosha wa lebentlele mo lebentleleng, e leng kompone ya [[:en:Coffee|kofi]] ya [[:en:Nespresso|Nespresso]]. Ka kgaisano e e oketsegang mo lephateng la kgwebo ya Aforika Borwa, le tlhokego e e kgolo ya kofi ke bareki ba Aforika Borwa, lefelo la ntlha la Nespresso le ne la bulwa mo teng ga Checkers Hyper kwa lefelong la marekisetso la Centurion . Lebenktlele le legolo le ne la itsise ka nako eo gore lebentlele la bobedi la Nespresso le tla bulwa ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ngwaga wa 2026, mo teng ga Paarl Junction Hyper. Checkers a re mabentlele a Nespresso mo nakong e a tlaa nna fela mo mabentleleng a yone a Hyper, ka a na le sebaka sa go ba amogela. Checkers gape e boletse gore tirisanommogo e e tshwanela mokgele wa yone wa go tlisa matshwaokgwebo a a tsewang tsia a lefatshe lotlhe gaufi le bareki ka mabenkele a yone.<ref>Kabelo Khumalo (8 April 2026). "[https://www.businessday.co.za/companies/2026-04-08-checkers-and-nespresso-team-up-to-lure-coffee-lovers/ Checkers and Nespresso team up to lure coffee lovers]". BusinessDay. Retrieved 10 April 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ngwaga wa 2026, go ne ga begwa gore kompone ya motsadi ya Checkers ebong Shoprite e ne e na le se se bidiwang "mabentlele a lefifi" a le manè, go direla fela tirelo ya yone ya go tlisa dijo kwa gae ya Sixty60 e e batliwang. Mabentlele a a bereka yaaka mafelo a mannye a tiragatso e e nametsang, a oketsa dinako tsa tiragatso ya thomelo mo nakong mo mafelong a a naleng patlo e e ko godimo, mme a sa bulwelewa setshaba yaaka mabentlele a tlwaelo. Tse tharo tsa tsone di ne di le kwa Cape Town, mme e le nngwe e le kwa Joburg. Kompone e netefaditse fa e tshwaregile ka go aga lebentlele la ntlha la go nna jalo kwa KZN. Ka nako eo, Shoprite e netefaditse gore dithomelo tsa Sixty60 di ne tsa diragadiwa go tswa mo mabentleleng a le makgolo a borobabobedi le masome a borobabongwe le bone go ralala Aforika Borwa.<ref>Hanno Labuschagne (29 May 2026). [https://mybroadband.co.za/news/business/650776-new-checkers-sixty60-dark-store-in-south-africa.html "New Checkers Sixty60 dark store in South Africa"]. MyBroadband. Retrieved 1 June 2026.</ref> == Ditiro == [[Setshwantsho:Aisles in a Checkers in Durbanville, Cape Town.jpg|thumb|Ditsela tsa dithoto tsa dijo mo lebentleleng la dijo tsa kwa lapeng la Checkers]] Ka ngwaga wa 2025, Checkers e ne e na le mabentlele a le makgolo a thataro le masome borataro le bongwe go ralala dinaga di le tharo. Palo yotlhe e e ne e akaretsa [[:en:Supermarket|mabentlele a magolo]] a le makgolo a le mararo le lesome, mabentlele a Checkers Hyper a le masome a mane, le Mabentlele a Bojalwa a Checkers a le makgolo a le mararo le lesome le bongwe.<ref name=":0" /> Go tloga ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa 2025, kompone e na le mabentlele a le lekgolo le masome a mane le bone a [[:en:Petshop_Science|diruiwa tsa mo]] [[:en:Petshop_Science|lapeng]] ka fa tlase ga letshwaokgwebo la yone la Petshop Science, mme se se dira gore e nne morekisi wa bobedi yo mogolo wa mabentlele a diruiwa tsa mo lapeng mo Aforika Borwa, morago ga letshwaokgwebo la [[:en:Woolworths_(South_Africa)|Woolworths]] la [[:en:Absolute_Pets|Absolute Pets]].<ref>[https://www.moneyweb.co.za/news/companies-and-deals/in-battle-for-pets-shoprite-is-catching-woolies-fast/ "In battle for pets, Shoprite is catching Woolies fast"]. Moneyweb. 30 September 2025. Retrieved 5 October 2025.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Dairy Aisle in a Checkers in Durbanville, Cape Town.jpg|thumb|Tselana ya mašwi mo lebentleleng la Checkers kwa Cape Town]] Difomete tsa mabenkele a setlamo ke: * Checkers- [[:en:Supermarket|marekisetso a bogolo]] jo bo tlwaelesegileng * Checkers FreshX - [[:en:Supermarket|marekisetso a bogolo]] jo bo tlwaelesegileng tse di lebisitsweng mo lephateng la dijo tsa ko lapeng ya maemo a a kwa godimo (ba ba amogelang lotseno lo lo kwa godimo) * Checkers Hyper - mabentlele a magolo a a nang le dilo tse dintsi go feta mabentlele a magolo, go akaretsa le didirisiwa tsa mo gae le diaparo * Diaparo tsa Uniq tsa Checkers [[Setshwantsho:Fresh Produce Section in a Checkers in Durbanville, Cape Town.jpg|thumb|Karolo ya dikungo tse di itekanetseng tsa Checkers]] * Lebentlele la Bojalwa la Checkers - mabentlele a bojalwa a a kgaoganeng le mabentlele a magolo, go ya ka molao wa Aforika Borwa<ref>Luke Fraser (28 January 2025). [https://businesstech.co.za/news/business/809025/new-era-for-checkers-sixty60-in-south-africa/ "New era for Checkers Sixty60 in South Africa"]. BusinessTech. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref> * littleme - dithoto tsa masea * Checkers ya tsa kwa ntle - dithoto tsa [[:en:Outdoor_recreation|kwa ntle]] * [[:en:Petshop_Science|Saense ya Lebentlele la Diruiwa]] - dithoto tsa [[:en:Pet|diruiwa]] == Masome a marataro60 == [[Setshwantsho:Checkers Liquor Shop Entrance in Durbanville, Cape Town.jpg|thumb|Botseno jwa Lebentlele la Bojalwa la Checkers kwa Durbanville]] Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2019, Checkers e ne ya simolola tsamaiso ya yone ya go tlisa dijo kwa gae, e e bidiwang Sixty60. Tirelo ya go tlisa dijo e e batliwang thata, e e theilweng mo tirisong e ne e le tirelo ya ntlha ya go tlisa dithoto kwa mabentleleng a magolo mo Aforikaborwa e e neng ya tlamela ka fensetere ya thomelo ya oura e le nngwe.<ref>"[https://beta.sixty60.co.za/about-us Checkers Sixty60 - About Us]". Checkers. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Blue Route Mall Sign in Tokai, Cape Town (1).jpg|thumb|Matshwao Checkers Hyper kwa Blue Route Mall kwa Tokai, kwa Cape Town]] Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2024, Checkers e ne ya atolosa thata lenaneo la dithoto tsa tirelo ya thomelo go akaretsa dilwana tsa thekiso ka kakaretso di le dikete tse lesome,<ref>Daniel Puchert (5 March 2025). [https://mybroadband.co.za/news/internet/585516-big-change-for-checkers-sixty60.html "Big change for Checkers Sixty60"]. Mybroadband. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref>mme morago ga moo ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele wa one ngwaga oo, ya oketsa ka "dithoto tsa maemo a a kwa godimo" di le dikete tse pedi le makgolo a matlhano tse di neng di tla romelwa kwa [[:en:Cape_Town|Cape Town]] fela.<ref>[https://www.bizcommunity.com/article/checkers-rolls-out-the-new-sixty60-app-with-enhanced-features-699031a "Checkers rolls out the new Sixty60 app with enhanced features"]. Bizcommunity.com. 22 November 2024. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref> Go tloga ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2024, tirelo ya thomelo ya Sixty60 fa e batliwa e ne e le teng go tswa kwa mafelong a le makgolo a le marataro le bongwe , mme morekisi o ne a oketsa ka mafelo a mašwa a le masome a borobabongwe le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2024.<ref>Myles Illidge (20 May 2025). [https://mybroadband.co.za/news/it-services/595322-the-on-demand-delivery-giant-crushing-its-competition-in-south-africa.html "The on-demand delivery giant crushing its competition in South Africa"]. MyBroadband. Retrieved 21 May 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ngwaga wa 2025, morekisi o ne a tswelela go tlhama Sixty60 ka go tlhama kgetho e e dirilweng mo sebatling gore bareki ba e dirise. Mo e ka nnang ka nako e e tshwanang, go ne ga itsisiwe gore polatefomo ya thomelo e tla atologa mo teng ga ditiro tsa morekisi wa kgaitsadi [[:en:Shoprite_Holdings_Ltd|Shoprite]], go tswa mo makaleng a le 3 a a leng teng, go ya go palogotlhe ya a le 5, go ralala diporofense di le 3 tsa Aforika Borwa.<ref name=":4">Myles Illidge (20 May 2025). [https://mybroadband.co.za/news/it-services/595322-the-on-demand-delivery-giant-crushing-its-competition-in-south-africa.html "The on-demand delivery giant crushing its competition in South Africa"]. MyBroadband. Retrieved 21 May 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ngwaga wa 2026, go begilwe gore Checkers e atolositse Sixty60 go nna mabentlele a le makgolo a le borobabobedi le masome a le supa le botlhano go ralala Aforika Borwa<ref name=":4" /> mme bakgweetsi ba Checkers Sixty60 go begwa ba amogetse madi a a fetang didikadike di le lekgolo le masome a borataro ka dikeletso mo halofong ya bobedi ya 2025 fela.<ref>"[https://topauto.co.za/news/150363/checkers-sixty60-gets-r160-million-in-tips/ Checkers Sixty60 gets R160 million in tips]". Retrieved 14 July 2026.</ref> == Thulaganyo ya boikanyegi == Bareki ba Checkers ba ka dirisa karata ya bone ya boikanyegi ya Xtra Savings go fitlhelela diphokoletso tse di rileng tsa lenaneo. Dikarata di ka bonwa mo inthaneteng kgotsa mo lebentleleng. Ka ngwaga wa 2016 Checkers e ne ya leka karata ya boikanyegi ya Xtra Savings, mme morago ga moo ya e baya mo shelofong go fitlha e simolodisiwa kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2019. Thulaganyo e e letla bareki go ikwadisetsa karata e morago ga moo ba tla tlhokang go e swaepa fa ba reka. Go farologana le mananeo a mangwe a dituelo, bareki ba duelwa ka go boloka madi ka bonako fa ba reka go na le go bona dintlha tse ba tla di dirisang moragonyana.<ref>[https://www.timeslive.co.za/news/south-africa/2019-10-16-checkers-introduces-rewards-programme-xtra-savings-heres-how-it-works/ "Checkers introduces rewards programme 'Xtra savings' - here's how it works]". ''TimesLIVE''.</ref> Checkers e bolela gore tiriso ya karata e ka felela ka gore o boloke madi a a fitlhang go karolo ya masome a mabedi le botlhano mo lekgolong le go fitlhelela dithekiso dingwe ka bonako. Go na le dipotso dingwe tsa setšhaba ka ga gore a madi a a bolokilweng ke a nnete. Seno ke ka gonne ditlhwatlhwa tse di fokoditsweng di ile tsa bapisiwa le ditlhwatlhwa tse di tlwaelegileng tsa mabenkele a mangwe. Dipapiso tseno di lebega di supa gore dipoloko tse di bapaditsweng ke Checkers di feteleditswe.<ref>[https://www.businessinsider.co.za/checkers-xtra-savings-discount-card-relaunch-2019-10 "Checkers just revived 'Xtra Savings', its answer to Smart Shopper and WRewards – but its discounts are a little variable".] ''BusinessInsider''.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2024, motlamedi yo mogolo wa thuso ya kalafi (inšorense ya boitekanelo) ya Aforika Borwa le setheo sa matlole, [[:en:Discovery_Limited|Discovery]], se ne sa dirisana le Checkers go fa maloko a lenaneo la sone la dituelo tsa Discovery Vitality mosola wa HealthyFood go tswa mo dilong dingwe tse di rekisiwang kwa Checkers.<ref>Nkosinathi Ndlovu (1 August 2024). [https://techcentral.co.za/discovery-vitality-pick-n-pay-checkers/248982/ "Discovery Vitality ditches Pick n Pay for Checkers"]. Tech Central. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2025, Checkers e ne ya dirisana le setheo se segolo sa madi sa Aforika Borwa, [[:en:Standard_Bank|Standard Bank]], mme bareki ba banka ba ka bona dintlha tsa dituelo tsa Standard Bank uCount ka go reka kwa Checkers.<ref>Agency Staff (16 April 2025). [https://techcentral.co.za/standard-bank-checkers-sixty60-rewards/262437/ "Standard Bank joins forces with Checkers Sixty60"]. Tech Central. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://beta.sixty60.co.za/ Sixty60 - uCount]". Checkers. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref> Bareki ba ka nna gape ba ikwadisetsa peeletso ya kgwedi le kgwedi ya Xtra Savings Plus, go bona dituelo tse di oketsegileng, le dithomelo tse di sa lekanyediwang tsa Sixty60 (fa fela go dirisitswe bonnye jwa madi a taelo).<ref>"[https://www.sixty60.co.za/xtra-savings-plus.html Xtra Savings Plus]". Checkers. Retrieved 6 May 2025.</ref> == Maikarabelo a kgwebo mo loagong == Ka ngwaga wa 2013, Checkers e ne ya tlhagisa [[:en:Shopping_bag|dikgetsi tsa ntlha tsa polasetiki]] tse di [[:en:Recycling_in_South_Africa|dirisiwang gape]] ka lekgolo mo lekgolong tsa go reka mo Aforikaborwa.<ref name=":0" /> == Kganetsano == Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa 2025, mafelo a magolo a dikgang a Aforika Borwa a ne a simolola go gatisa dipego tse di bitsang bakgweetsi ba Checkers ba Sixty60 ba ba tlisang dithoto ka ntlha ya boitshwaro jwa bone jo bo kotsi jwa go kgweetsa. Ditafole tsa dikgang di lemogile tekanyetso ya Sixty60 ya bongwe le ntlha tse tlhano le boraro mo go tse botlhano, mo setsheng sa ditshwaelo tsa bareki ya Aforika Borwa ya HelloPeter. Le fa ditirelo tse dingwe tsa go isa dijo kwa mabentleleng a magolo le tsone di itsege ka go kgweetsa botlhaswa, bakgweetsi ba Checkers ba ntse ba tlhomilwe mogopolo thata ka ntlha ya go sa ele tlhoko fa ba le mo tseleng.<ref>Staff Writer (7 November 2025). "[https://topauto.co.za/news/137516/checkers-sixty60-drivers-out-of-control-in-south-africa/ Checkers Sixty60 drivers out of control in South Africa]". TopAuto. Retrieved 8 November 2025.</ref> Ka nako eo, Hein Jonker, mothei wa Setheo sa Pabalesego ya dikuta sa Aforika Borwa, o ne a bolela gore ditiro tsa bakgweetsi ba ba isang dithoto ga di ame bone fela, mme di ama bakgweetsi ba ba dikologileng, le gore bakgweetsi ba ba isang dithoto kwa mabentleleng a magolo ba tshwanetse go tsenela katiso ya tlhwatlwa ya go palama dikuta. Jonker o tsweletse ka go bolela gore ditlhopha tse di thapang kgotsa tse di dirang ditumalano le bakgweetsi ba ba tlisang dithoto di tshwanetse go sekaseka maitsholo a go kgweetsa, mme morago di tsenye mo tirisong dikgato tse di tlhomameng tsa go otlhaya go kgweetsa ka botlhaswa, le go duela go kgweetsa sentle. Kwa bofelong, Jonker a re matona a laolang pharakano ba tshwanetse go nna le seabe thata mo go tlhokomeleng maitsholo a bakgweetsi ba ba tlisang dithoto. Gape go nnile le dikopo go tswa mo bareking gore Checkers e tsereganye le go tlisa ditokafatso mo Sixty60.<ref>Myles Illidge (7 November 2025). [https://mybroadband.co.za/news/business/617073-checkers-sixty60-delivery-drivers-breaking-the-law.html "Checkers Sixty60 delivery drivers breaking the law"]. MyBroadband. Retrieved 8 November 2025.</ref> Fa e tsibogela se, Sixty60 e ne ya dirisana le Setheo sa Pabalesego ya Dikuta sa Aforika Borwa go tlamela ka dithuto tse di rulaganyeditsweng bapagami ba dikuta ba ditoropo. Mo godimo ga moo, bakgweetsi ba amogela dithuto tse di tseneletseng tsa go tsenngwa mo dikoloing tse di akaretsang sitsamaiso tsa pabalesego le ditsamaiso tsa dikotsi, katiso ya go kgweetsa ka go itshireletsa, le katiso ya go lwantsha go tseelwa dikoloi ka dikgoka. Bakgweetsi gape ba fiwa katiso ya ngwaga le ngwaga ya go tsosolosa ditlhogo tsa dithuto tse.<ref>Jonker, Hein (27 January 2025). [https://www.msi.org.za/pingo-partners-with-the-motorcycle-safety-institute/ "Pingo partners with the Motorcycle Safety Institute"]. ''Motorcycle Safety Institute''. Retrieved 19 February 2026.</ref> Tshegetso e neelwa ditlhopha tsa bakgweetsi tse di mo setlhopeng mo lebaleng, dithutano tsa katiso tsa kgaolo le setlhopha sa tshegetso sa bogareng se se netefatsang pabalesego e e tswelelang ya bakgweetsi le bakgweetsi ba bangwe.<ref>[https://www.enca.com/lifestyle/inside-sixty60-how-shoprite-trains-thousands-delivery-riders "Inside Sixty60: How Shoprite trains thousands of delivery riders - eNCA"]. ''www.enca.com''. 2026-0303-0707. Retrieved 2026-07-14.</ref> <ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20250402043403/https://www.pingodeliver.co.za/ Pingo | The on-demand delivery network of choice]". ''www.pingodeliver.co.za''. Archived from [https://www.pingodeliver.co.za/ the original] on 2 April 2025. Retrieved 14 July 2026.</ref> == Bona gape == * [[:en:Retailing_in_South_Africa|Kgwebo mo Aforikaborwa]] == Metswedi == <references /> == Dikgokagano tsa kwa ntle == * [http://www.checkers.co.za/ Setsa sa maranyane sa semmuso] * 8o5o6lmovy31gpbupu1lba9p50jfvmd Lefelo la dinonyane la Nata 0 14375 52573 52336 2026-07-16T08:54:10Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52573 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Pelecanus onocrotalus -Nata Bird Sanctuary, Botswana -two flying-8.jpg|thumb|Lefelo la dinonayne la Nata]] '''Lefelo la dinonyane la Nata''', ke lone fela lefelo le le sireleditsweng kwa bokone-bolthaba jwa [[Sowa Pan]] mo lefatsheng la [[Botswana]], ke porojeke e e okametsweng ke batho botlhe ba motse, ka thuso ya komiti ya tshomarelo ya Nata le makgotla a lefatshe le mafatshefatshe. Le tlhomilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, amkgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi, le simolotse go bereka ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le boraro; kelefelo la dikhilomithara di le makgolo mabedi le masome a mararo, le maikaelelo a lone e leng go somarela diphologolo tsa naga. Porojeke e ya botlhe, e okametswe ke lekgotla le le bidiwang Kalahari Conservatory Society, le le nang le maloko a a tswang mo metseng e mene ya [[Nata]], [[Sepako]], [[Maposa]] le [[Mmanxotae|Manxotae]] a a gaufi le lefelo le.<ref name=":0">[http://www.botswanatourism.co.bw/attractions/nata_bird_sanctuary.html "Officialwebsite of Botswana Tourism Organization".] 2006.</ref><ref name=":1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20110708105248/http://www.bushways.com/nata.html "Nata Bird Sanctuary"]. Bushways.com. Archived from [https://bushways.com/nata.html the original] on 8 July 2011. Retrieved 10 July 2026</ref><ref name=":2">Chris McIntyre (2010). ''[[iarchive:isbn_9781841623085|Botswana: Okavango Delta, Chobe, Northern Kalahari]]''. Bradt Travel Guides. pp.&nbsp;387–. ISBN&nbsp;[[iarchive:isbn_9781841623085|<bdi>978-1-84162-308-5</bdi>.]] Retrieved 10 July 2026</ref><ref name=":3">[https://www.lonelyplanet.com/destinations/botswana "Lonely Planet review for Nata Bird Sanctuary".] Lonelyplanet.com. Retrieved 10 July 2026</ref> Mefuta ya diphologolo tsa naga e e bonalang thata mo lefelong le ke mefuta ya dinoyane e le lekgolo, masome a marataro le botlhano.<ref name=":3" /> Lefelo le ke le le botlhokwa mo mafatsheng ka bophara ka ntlha ya palo ya di flamingo di le dikete di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a matlhano, tse di etelang leelo leo ngwaga le ngwaga ka nako ya mariga ya go baya mae morago ga paka ya pula, fa metswedi ya metsi e tletse.<ref name=":4">Air Botswana (2006). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=PgAxAQAAIAAJ Peolwane]''. Imprint Botswana. p.&nbsp;18. Retrieved 10 July 2026</ref><ref name=":5">Willie Olivier; Sandra Olivier (August 1998). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=w2fwRz496RoC&pg=PA90&redir_esc=y Overland Through Southern Africa]''. Struik. pp.&nbsp;90–. ISBN&nbsp;[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=w2fwRz496RoC&pg=PA90&redir_esc=y <bdi>978-1-86872-105-4</bdi>.] Retrieved 10 July 2026</ref> Lefelo le le thailweng ke setshaba le, le amogetse seetsele sa "Tourism for Tommorow" sa borwa jwa lefatshe mo ngwageng wa ntlha o le butsweng ka one ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le boraro.<ref name=":2" /> == Popego == Lefelo la dinonyane la Nata le kwa molomong wa letsha la [[Noka ya Nata]], dikhilomithara di ka nna lesome le botlhano go tswa kwa motseng wa [[Nata]] kwa molelwaneng o o kwa bokone-botlhaba jwa Sua Pan kwa [[Makgadikgadi pans|Makgadikgadi]]. <ref name=":0" /><ref>Burgess, Neil D. (29 November 2004). ''T[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=ZjbwAAAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y errestrial ecoregions of Africa and Madagascar: a conservation assessment]''. Island Press. p.&nbsp;338. ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-55963-364-2|978-1-55963-364-2]]</bdi>. Retrieved 10 July 2026</ref>Lefatshe la Makgadikgadi Pans, le le kwa Central Kalahari Game Reserve kwa borwa-botlhaba jwa makgobokgobo a Okavango, ke legae le le bolthokwa thata. Le akaretsa mafelo a tshomarelo diphologolo tsa naga a tshwana le Makgadikgadi National park le Nxai Pan national Park, kwa ntle ga lefelo la dinonyane la Nata, le e leng lengwe la mafelo a magolo a go dira bana ba dinonyane tsa Flamingo mo lefatsheng ka bophara.<ref name=":6">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5559/ "World Heritage Convention: Makgadikgadi Pans Landscape".] Unesco.org. Retrieved 10 July 2026</ref> Kgaolo e, e nniwa ke batho ba [[Nata]], [[Sepako]], [[Maposa]] le [[Mmanxotae|Manxotae]], ba ba neng ba fudisa dikgomo tsa bone di le dikete tharo le makgolo a matlhano mo lefelong le. Beng gae ba ne ba gwetlhiwa go fudusa dikgomo tsa bone gore go agiwe lefelo le le ageletsweng la dikhilomithara di le makgolo mabedi le masome a mararo; 45% wa lefelo le o kwa Sua Pan.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":5" /> Serala se se kwa godimo mo lefelong le, ke lefelo le le kgathisang la Sua Pan le dinonyane tsa lefelo le. Ditsela tse di mo lefelong le di tlhokometswe sentle jaanong.<ref name=":1" /> Mafelo mangwe a lefelo le, kwa mmu o montsho o fitlhelwang teng, a ka baka bothata mo dipalamong tsa mesepele ka nako ya pula.<ref name=":0" /> == Ditso == Komiti ya tshomarelo Nata e simolotse go rulaganya go tlhama lefelo la dinonyane kwa makgobokgobong a noka ya Nata ka ngwaga wa sekete, amkgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi, go somarela le go sireletsa diphologolo tsa naga, bogolo jang mefuta ya dinonyane. Dinonyane di dintsi thata kwa molomong wa noka ya Nata, e e leng molapo o o nang o elela ka dinako tsotlhe o o mo molelwaneng wa Sua Pan. Lekgotla la Kalahari Conservation Society, ka madi a a ntshitsweng ke makgotla a mo gae le a mafatshefatshe, le lemogiwa go bo le netefaditse go ithaopa ga batho ba mo gae. Batho ga ba a fudusa dikgomo tsa bone fela di ka nna dikete di le tharo le makgolo a matlhano, mme gape ba agile metseletsele ya ditsela tsa mmu.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" /> Lefelo la dinonyane la Nata, le jaanong e le lengwe la mafelo a mararo a difolamingo mo [[Aferika|Aforika]], ke lone le letona go fetisa.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120308030420/http://www.passport2adventure.co.za/Summary%20of%20Big%205%20Safari%20(September%202011).pdf "Conservation through Utilization"] (PDF). Protea Eco Adventures. Retrieved 10 July 2026</ref> Le lemogilwe ke UNESCO go na lengwe la mafelo a magolo thata a dinonyane tsa folamingo mo lefatsheng ka bophara gape e le lefelo la botlhokwa.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":6" /> == Diphologolo == [[Setshwantsho:Flickr - Rainbirder - African Fish Eagle.jpg|left|thumb|Ntsu ya Aforika]] Mo mefuteng ya diphologolo tsa naga tse di mo lefelong le go na le mefuta e le lekgolo, masome a marataro le botlhano ya dinonyane. Mefuta e mengwe ya diphologolo tsa naga le yone e begilwe koo, le ntswa e le palo e potlana.<ref name=":0" /> [[Setshwantsho:Pelecanus onocrotalus -Nata Bird Sanctuary, Botswana -four flying-8b.jpg|thumb|Dikukara tse ditshweu]] === Dinonyane === Lefelo la dinonyane le na le mefuta e le lekgolo, masome a marataro le botlhano ya dinonyane: diflamingo tse dipotlana le tse ditona, dikukara tse ditshweu le tse di melomo e mesetlhana ke tsone tse di tlwaelesegileng thata mo lefelong le, di goroga ngwaga le ngwaga ka dipalo tse di kwa godimo e le bontlha jwa go fuduga ga tsone ka paka ya mariga.<ref name=":0" /> Mefuta e mengwe ya dinonyane e e gatisitsweng ke: avocet, stilt, lapwing, bustards, carmine, darters, dintsu, kgori, dipidipidi.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":5" /> Dinonyane di fuduga go tswa kwa Etosha, kwa lefatsheng la Namibia. Di flamingo tse ditona di ja tlhapi ya shrimp le diboko, fa tse dipotlana di ja tswii: tsotlhe tse di dintsi mo metsing a makgadikgadi.<ref name=":6" /><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110220190142/http://www.botswanatourism.co.bw/attractions/sowa_pan.html "Sowa Pan".] Official website of Botswana Tourism. 2006. Archived from [http://www.botswanatourism.co.bw/attractions/sowa_pan.html the original] on 20 February 2011. Retrieved 10 July 2026</ref> === Diphologolo tse dingwe === Mefuta e mengwe ya diphologolo tsa naga ke: diphala, dikgama, ditholo, diphuti, ditshepe, dikgogodi, bophokojwe, dikgabo, ditlhora, diphofu, dikukama le dipitse tsa naga.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":5" /> == Metswedi == pmvctpyz6rot6oslw6eoa1baey5tzcj Botsalano jwa lefatshe la Botswana le mafatshe a mangwe 0 14386 52558 52500 2026-07-16T01:37:33Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52558 wikitext text/x-wiki Lefatshe la [[Botswana]] le tsaya tirisanommogo mo go tsa itsholelo le polotiki mo borwa jwa [[Aferika|Aforika]] ka tlhwaafalo. Le lekile go dira gore lekgotla la [[Southern African Development Community]] (SADC), le bereke mo go tsa tlhabololo itsholelo, gape le tokafaditse maiteko a go dira gore kgaolo e itirele melao fa go tsena mo go tsa tirisanommogo, go rarabolola tlhoka kutlwisisano, le boteledipele jo bo siameng. == Botsalano jwa polotiki == Mafatshe a a nang le botsalano le la Botswana mo go tsa sepolotiki: {| class="wikitable" |+ ! colspan="3" |[[Setshwantsho:Diplomatic relations of Botswana.svg|center|frameless|350x350px]] |- |# |'''Lefatshe''' |'''Kgwedi'''<ref>[https://digitallibrary.un.org/search?ln=en&as=1&m1=p&p1=Diplomatic%20relations%20between%20Botswana%20and%20...&f1=series&op1=a&m2=a&p2=&f2=&op2=a&m3=a&p3=&f3=&dt=&d1d=&d1m=&d1y=&d2d=&d2m=&d2y=&rm=&sf=year&so=a&rg=50&c=United%20Nations%20Digital%20Library%20System&of=hb&fti=0&fti=0 "Diplomatic relations between Botswana and ..."] United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |1 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the United Kingdom (3-5).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[United Kingdom]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro<ref name=":1">''The Diplomatic Service List''. Great Britain. Diplomatic Service Administration Office. 1970. pp.&nbsp;136–149.</ref> |- |2 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Japan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Japan]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220801145836/https://guardiansun.co.bw/News/botswana-and-japan-celebrate-50-years-of-diplomatic-relations "Botswana And Japan Celebrate 50 Years of Diplomatic Relations".] [[Botswana Guardian|''Botswana Guardian''.]] 5 August 2016. Archived from [https://guardiansun.co.bw/News/botswana-and-japan-celebrate-50-years-of-diplomatic-relations the original] on 1 August 2022. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |3 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[United States of America]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro<ref>[https://history.state.gov/countries/all "All Countries".] ''Office of the Historian''. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |4 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Germany.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Germany]] |Phalane a rogwa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro<ref>[https://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/de/service/laender/botsuana-node/botsuana-219506 "Botsuana: Steckbrief".] ''Auswärtiges Amt'' (in German). Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |5 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Zambia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Zambia]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro<ref name=":0">''Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997''. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999. pp.&nbsp;82–87.</ref> |- |6 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of France.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[France]] |Tlhakole a le malatsi a mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le bosupa<ref>[https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr "Liste Chronologique des Ambassadeurs, Envoyés Extraordinaires, Ministres Plénipotentiaires et Chargés D'Affaires de France à L'Étranger Depuis 1945"] (PDF) (in French). p.&nbsp;44.</ref> |- |7 |[[Setshwantsho:War Flag of the Philippines.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Philippines]] |Tlhakole a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>[https://x.com/DFAPHL/status/828400555722756096 "Today we celebrate 50 years of formal diplomatic relations with Botswana!".] 6 February 2017. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |8 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Israel.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Israel]] |Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le bone ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>[https://www.sundaystandard.info/outspoken-botswana-loses-its-voice-on-israel/ "Outspoken Botswana loses its voice on Israel".] ''Sunday Standard''. 3 November 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20231103014414/https://www.sundaystandard.info/outspoken-botswana-loses-its-voice-on-israel/ Archived] from the original on 3 November 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |9 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Malawi.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Malawi]] |Phukwi a rogwa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>''Report''. Malawi. Police Force. 1968. p.&nbsp;2.</ref> |- |10 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the Netherlands.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Netherlands]] |Phatwe a le lesome, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>''Jaarboek van het Departement van Buitenlandse Zaken Volumes 86-90'' (in Dutch). Netherlands. Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken. 1967. p.&nbsp;152.</ref> |- |11 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Switzerland.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Switzerland]] |Phatwe a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>[https://dodis.ch/32532 "Ernennung eines schweizerischen Botschafters in Botswana und Lesotho. Sitz in Pretoria".] ''dodis.ch'' (in German). 22 August 1967. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |12 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Ethiopia (1996–2009).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Ethiopia]] |Phalane a le lesome le borobabongwe ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le bosupa<ref name=":0" /> |- |13 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Kenya.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Kenya]] |Phalane a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a le marataro le bosupa<ref name=":0" /> |- |14 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Norway.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Norway]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robbaongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>[https://www.regjeringen.no/globalassets/departementene/ud/vedlegg/protokoll/diplomatiske_forbindelser.pdf "Norges opprettelse af diplomatiske forbindelser med fremmede stater"] (PDF). ''regjeringen.no'' (in Norwegian). 27 April 1999. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |15 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Sweden.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Sweden]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marararo le borobabobedi.<ref>[https://gupea.ub.gu.se/bitstreams/c2f5a602-de12-4d98-b2c4-11de6ac633b9/download "Sveriges statskalender 1969"] (in Swedish). p.&nbsp;46. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |16 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of South Korea.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[South Korea]] |Moranang a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabobedi<ref>[https://www.mofa.go.kr/eng/nation/m_4902/list.do "Countries & Regions"]. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |17 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Austria.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Austria]] |Morule a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabobedi<ref>''Standard Encyclopaedia of Southern Africa, Capetown Volume 2''. 1970. p.&nbsp;458. <q>Austrian Ambassador , Paul Zedwitz , presenting his credentials to Sir Seretse Khama , 5 Dec. 1968 . at Gaberones</q></ref><ref>''Diplomatic, Consular and International Organisations List''. Republic of Botswana. 1971. p.&nbsp;1. <q>5.12.68 His Excellency Dr. Paul Zedtwitz, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Republic of Austria (Resident in Pretoria).</q></ref> |- |18 | [[Setshwantsho:Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Canada]] |Morule a le lesome le borobabongwe ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabobedi<ref>Linwood, DeLong (January 2020). [https://www.cgai.ca/a_guide_to_canadian_diplomatic_relations_1925_2019 "A Guide to Canadian Diplomatic Relations 1925-2019".] Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |19 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Nigeria.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Nigeria]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le bone ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref>''Kutlwano, 9-10''. Bechuanaland Protectorate. Information Branch, Botswana. Information Services. 1974. p.&nbsp;4.</ref> |- |20 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the Czech Republic.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Czech Republic]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref name=":0" /> |- |21 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Russia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Russia]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref>''Africa Quarterly''. Vol.&nbsp;10. Indian Centre for Africa. 1970. p.&nbsp;37.</ref> |- |22 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Denmark.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Denmark]] |Motsheganong a le lesome le bobedi ngwaga wa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref>''[https://slaegtsbibliotek.dk/910992.pdf Kongelig Dansk Hof- og Statskalender 1971]'' (PDF) (in Danish). 1971. p.&nbsp;23.</ref> |- |23 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Serbia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Serbia]] |Lwetse a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref>Presse, Agence France (1970). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=Muo0AQAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y Africa]''. Agence France-Presse. p.&nbsp;32.</ref> |- |24 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Italy.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Italia]] |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/281137451918748/photos/a.292204164145410/1151053924927092/?type=3&_rdr "Dr. Filippo Scammacca Del Murgo e Dell Agnone presented his credentials to Dr. Sertese Khama Ian Khama".] ''Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Botswana in Facebook''. 16 March 2016. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |25 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Romania.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Romania]] |Phalane a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le motso<ref>[https://www.mae.ro/en/node/2187 "Diplomatic Relations of Romania".] Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |26 |[[Belgium]] |Ngwanatsele a le malatsi a robabongwe, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le motso<ref>''Diplomatic, Consular and International Organisations List''. Republic of Botswana. 1971. p.&nbsp;2.</ref> |- |27 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Tanzania.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Tanzania]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bobedi |- |28 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of India.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[India]] |Morule a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bobedi<ref>''Asia & Africa Review''. Vol.&nbsp;12. Independent Publishing Company. 1972. p.&nbsp;15.</ref> |- |29 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Egypt.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Egypt]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a supa, masome a supa le boraro<ref>''ARR, Arab Report and Record''. Vol.&nbsp;1–18, 21–24. 1973. p.&nbsp;7.</ref> |- |30 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Lesotho.svg|frameless|30x30px]][[Lesotho]] |Moranang ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le boraro<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230623071827/https://istmat.org/files/uploads/55959/003_zarubezhnye_strany.pdf "Ежегодник Большой Советской Энциклопедии. 1974. Выпуск восемнадцатый: Зарубежные страны"] (PDF) (in Russian). p.&nbsp;322. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 June 2023. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |31 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Australia (converted).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Australia]] |Phukwi a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le boraro<ref>''Facts and Figures of Australia at War''. Vol.&nbsp;119. Australian News and Information Bureau, Department of the Interior. 1973. p.&nbsp;95.</ref> |- |32 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of North Korea (March 2026-).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[North Korea]] (e seegetswe kwa thoko ka nakwana) |Morule a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bone<ref>[https://ghostarchive.org/archive/2rX2V "DPRK Diplomatic Relations"] (PDF). NCNK. 2016. pp.&nbsp;8–9. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |33 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[China]] |Firikgong a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le botlhano<ref>[https://www.mfa.gov.cn/web/system/index_17321.shtml "Joint Communique Regarding the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations Between the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Botswana".] 25 April 2002. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |34 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Ghana.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Ghana]] |Phalane a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le botlhano<ref>[https://gna.org.gh/2025/05/botswana-delegation-visits-ghana-to-study-transformative-tvet-framework-and-policies/ "Botswana Delegation Visits Ghana to Study Transformative TVET Framework and Policies".] 11 May 2025. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |35 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Guyana.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Guyana]] |Phalane a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le botlhano<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20191224073504/http://www.minfor.gov.gy/diplomatic-relations/ "Diplomatic relations".] Archived from the original on 24 December 2019. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |36 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Mexico.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Mexico]] |Morule a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le botlhano<ref>''Informe de labores – Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores'' (in Spanish). Mexico. Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores. 1976. pp.&nbsp;26 and 36–37.</ref> |- |37 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Mozambique.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Mozambique]] |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le botlhano<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/281137451918748/photos/the-high-commissioner-of-mozambique-his-excellency-domingos-fernades-presenting-/1125072150858603/ "The High Commissioner of Mozambique, His Excellency Domingos Fernades presenting his Letters of Credence to the President of Botswana, His Excellency Lt. Gen. Dr. Seretse Khama Ian Khama, on 2 February 2016"]. 4 February 2016. Retrieved 14 July 2026&#x2013; via Facebook.</ref> |- |38 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Eswatini.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Eswatini]] |Motsheganong a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le borataro<ref>''Directory of the Diplomatic Corps and International Organizations''. Botswana, Botswana. Office of the President. External Affairs. 1978. p.&nbsp;3.</ref> |- |39 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Libya.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Libya]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le bosupa<ref>''ARR: Arab Report and Record''. Economic Features, Limited. 1977. p.&nbsp;165.</ref> |- |40 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Luxembourg.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Luxemborg|Luxembourg]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bosupa<ref>[https://aei.pitt.edu/52731/1/B0795.pdf "CORPS DIPLOMATIQUE accrédité auprès des Communautés européennes"] (PDF) (in French). 30 September 1977. pp.&nbsp;1, 29. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref><ref>[[iarchive:in.ernet.dli.2015.146909/page/n926/mode/1up|''The Europa Year Book 1978 A World Survey Vol.-i''. Europa]] Publication Limited. 1978.</ref> |- |41 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Cuba.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Cuba]] |Morule a robabongwe ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le bosupa<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220707064931/https://www.minrex.gob.cu/es/node/1944 "Firman Cuba y Botswana acuerdo de cooperación en sector de Salud"] (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |42 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Argentina.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Argentina]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabobedi |- |43 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Greece (1970–1975).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Greece]] |Moranang a le lesome ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le borobabobedi |- |44 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Finland.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Finland]] |Phukwi a rogwa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabobedi<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180330044440/http://formin.finland.fi/Public/default.aspx?nodeid=17195&contentlan=2&culture=en-US "Countries and regions A–Z"]. Archived from the original on 30 March 2018. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |45 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Poland.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Poland]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabobedi |- |46 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Algeria.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Algeria]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabongwe<ref>Slimane Chikh (1980). ''Le Maghreb et l'Afrique subsaharienne'' (in French). Editions du Centre national de la recherche scientifique. p.&nbsp;10. <q>Botswana (30/11/79) Mohamed Chellali Khouri</q></ref> |- |47 |[[Angola]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi<ref>''Sub-Saharan Africa Report Issues 2243-2247''. United States. Foreign Broadcast Information Service. 1980. p.&nbsp;7. <q>7 Mar 80 ] ANGOLA - BOTSWANA DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS -- The governments of Botswana and Angola have decided to establish diplomatic relations .</q></ref> |- |48 |[[Portugal]] |Moranang a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi<ref>[https://portaldiplomatico.mne.gov.pt/relacoesbilaterais/paises "Países".] ''Portal Diplomático'' (in Portuguese). Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |49 |[[Hungary]] |Moranang a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi<ref>''Hungary – Page 170''. Pannonia Press, 1980</ref> |- |50 |[[Turkey]] |Firikgong a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le motso |- |51 |[[Spain]] |Moranang a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe ngwaga wa Sekete makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le motso<ref>[https://www.exteriores.gob.es/es/Comunicacion/Paginas/Ficha.aspx "Ficha de paises y territorios"] (in Spanish). Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |52 |[[Jamaica]] |Motsheganong a le malatsi a mane ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le bobedi |- |53 |[[Bulgaria]] |Phatwe a le lesome le borataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le bobedi<ref>''Keesing's Contemporary Archives – Page 32055''. Keesing's Limited., 1983.</ref> |- |54 |[[Albania]] |Phatwe a le masome a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le bobedi<ref>''Keesing's Contemporary Archives – Page 32055''. Keesing's Limited., 1983.</ref> |- |55 |[[Zimbabwe]] |Motsheganong a le masome mararo le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robaongwe, masome a robabobedi le boraro<ref>''Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997''. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999. p.&nbsp;103</ref> |- |56 |[[Bangladesh]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le boraro<ref>''News Review on South Asia and Indian Ocean''. Institute for Defence Studies & Analyses., 1983. p.&nbsp;442.</ref> |- |57 |[[Brazil]] |Lwetse a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le botlhano |- |58 |[[Thailand]] |Ngwanatsele e a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le botlhano<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240816013201/https://www.mfa.go.th/th/content-category/5d5bcb4e15e39c3060006875 "อเมริกาและแปซิฟิก"] (in Thai). Archived from [https://www.mfa.go.th/th/content-category/5d5bcb4e15e39c3060006875 the original] on 16 August 2024. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |59 |[[Iraq]] |Phukwi a le lesome ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borataro<ref>''[https://archive.org/details/jprs-report_jprs-ssa-86-086/page/n13/mode/1up?q=credentials Sub-Saharan Africa Report]''. United States Joint Publications Research Service. 18 August 1986. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |60 |[[Pakistan]] |Phatwe a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borataro<ref>''Pakistan Horizon – Volume 39''. Pakistan Institute of International Affairs. 1986. p.&nbsp;108.</ref> |- |61 |[[New Zealand]] |ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le bosupa<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090122004704/http://www.mfat.govt.nz/Embassies/3-NZ-Ambassadors/countries-b.php "New Zealand Heads of Overseas Missions – B".] ''mfat.govt.nz''. Archived from the original on 22 January 2009.</ref> |- |62 |[[Seychelles]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi |- |63 |[[Iran]] |Lwetse ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi<ref>''Directory of Iranian Officials''. 1991. p.&nbsp;69.</ref> |- |64 |[[Vanuatu]] |Ngwanatsele a rogwa, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240925183844/https://mfaicet.gov.vu/images/documents/VANUATU_NATIONAL_FOREIGN_POLICY.pdf "Vanuatu Diplomatic Relations"] (PDF). ''mfaicet.gov.vu''. p.&nbsp;50. Archived from [https://mfaicet.gov.vu/images/documents/VANUATU_NATIONAL_FOREIGN_POLICY.pdf the original] (PDF) on 25 September 2024. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |65 |[[Uganda]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a robabongwe, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe<ref name=":3">''Diplomatic List 1995''. Botswana, Botswana. Department of Foreign Affairs. 1995. pp.&nbsp;xiii.</ref> |- |66 |[[Colombia]] |Moranang a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe |- |67 |[[Somalia]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe<ref name=":3" /> |- |68 |[[Iceland]] |Moranang a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe<ref>Thorsteinsson, Pétur J. (1992). ''Utanríkisþjónusta Íslands og utanríkismál: sögulegt yfirlit'' (in Icelandic). pp.&nbsp;1065–1066.</ref> |- |69 |[[Namibia]] |Phukwi a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe<ref>Mushelenga, Samuel Abraham Peyavali (2008). [https://uir.unisa.ac.za/service-interruption.html?sequence=4&isAllowed=y "Foreign policy-making in Namibia : the dynamics of the smallness of a state"] (PDF). pp.&nbsp;254–259.</ref> |- |70 |[[Malaysia]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe<ref>[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=oVrVK2ElINMC&dq=26+Nov.+1990+Diplomatic+relations+are+established+with+Malaysia&pg=PA108&redir_esc=y ''Southern African Political History A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997''.] Greenwood Press. 1999. p.&nbsp;108. ISBN&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780313302473|<bdi>9780313302473</bdi>.]] Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |71 |[[Tunisia]] |Ngwanatsele a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bobedi |- |72 |[[Singapore]] |Phatwe a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le boraro<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230314222839/https://www.mfa.gov.sg/Overseas-Missions/-/media/D74B3129AEFA44BB8FC411746F005489.ashx "Diplomatic & consular list".] ''Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Singapore''. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |73 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of South Africa.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Aforika Borwa]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bone<ref>[https://omalley.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/site/q/03lv02167/04lv02168/05lv02169.htm "1994".] ''The O’Malley archive''. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |74 |[[Kuwait]] |Seetebosigo a le lesome ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le borataro<ref>''Daily Report: Africa (Sub-Sahara)''. Vol.&nbsp;96. Foreign Broadcast Information Service. 1996. <q>Botswana: Diplomatic Relations With Kuwait Established</q></ref> |- |75 |[[Ireland]] |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le borataro<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/281137451918748/photos/the-minister-of-international-affairs-and-cooperation-speaks-with-the-irish-mini/3338393609526435/ "The Minister of International Affairs And Cooperation Speaks with the Irish Minister of Foreign Affairs And Trade".] 1 June 2020. Retrieved 15 July 2026 &#x2013; via Facebook.</ref> |- |76 |[[Chile]] |Phalane a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bosupa<ref>"Reseña histórica de la presencia chilena en África" (in Spanish). p.&nbsp;6. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |77 |[[Trinidad and Tobago]] |Motsheganong a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi |- |78 |[[Slovakia]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe, ngwaga wa dikete pedi le motso<ref>[https://www.mzv.sk/staty "Štáty a teritóriá"] (in Slovak). Retrieved 16 July 2026</ref> |- |79 |[[Mauritius]] |Moranang a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bobedi<ref>''Diplomatic List''. Botswana. Department of Foreign Affairs. 2003. p.&nbsp;111.</ref> |- |80 |[[Latvia]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le boraro<ref>[https://www.mfa.gov.lv/en/dates-establishment-and-renewal-diplomatic-relations "Dates of establishment and renewal of diplomatic relations".] ''mfa.gov.lv''. 1 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |81 |[[Estonia]] |Seetebosigo a le malatsi a mararo ngwaga wa dikete pedi le boraro<ref>[https://www.vm.ee/suhted-teiste-riikide-ja-organisatsioonidega/suhted-teiste-riikidega/diplomaatiliste-suhete "Diplomaatiliste suhete (taas)kehtestamise kronoloogia"] (in Estonian). 30 January 2018. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |82 |[[Lithuania]] |Tlhakole a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bone<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220110123939/https://jp.mfa.lt/default/en/list-of-countries-with-which-lithuania-has-established-diplomatic-relations "List of countries with which Lithuania has established diplomatic relations".] Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |83 |[[Ukraine]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a mane ngwaga dikete pedi le bone<ref>[https://mfa.gov.ua/en/about-ukraine/bilateral-cooperation/middle-east-and-africa "Middle East and Africa". ''M'']''inistry of Foreign Affairs''. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |84 |[[Rwanda]] |Lwetse, ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bone<ref>[https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/81051 "Rwanda Botswana relations symbiotic".] 11 August 2024. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |85 |[[Malta]] |Firikgong a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20211224125943/https://foreignandeu.gov.mt/en/Treaties%20Series/Pages/Treaties%20Documents/Botswana---Agreement-on-the-establishment-of-Diplomatic-Relations-between-the-Republic-of-Malta-and-the-Republic-of-Botswan.aspx "Botswana – Agreement on the establishment of Diplomatic Relations between the Republic of Malta and the Republic of Botswana".] Archived from [https://foreign.gov.mt/ the original] on 24 December 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |86 |[[Cyprus]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano |- |87 |[[Morocco]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano |- |88 |[[Slovenia]] |Phukwi a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano |- |89 |[[Madagascar]] |Phatwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170220194957/https://newsmada.com/2017/02/15/cooperation-le-botswana-sinteresse-a-la-grande-ile "Coopération : le Botswana s'intéresse à la Grande île".] ''newsmada.com'' (in French). 15 February 2017. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20170220194957/https://newsmada.com/2017/02/15/cooperation-le-botswana-sinteresse-a-la-grande-ile the original] on 20 February 2017. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |90 |[[Croatia]] |Lwetse a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano<ref>[https://mvep.gov.hr/foreign-policy/bilateral-relations/date-of-recognition-and-establishment-od-diplomatic-relations/22800 "Bilateral relations – Date of Recognition and Establishment of Diplomatic Relations"]. ''Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Croatia''. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |91 |[[Belarus]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro |- |92 |[[United Arab Emirates]] |Moranang a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga w dikete pedi le borataro<ref>[https://www.wam.ae/en/details/1395227642979 "UAE and Botswana establish diplomatic relations".] 29 April 2006.</ref> |- |93 |[[Bahamas]] |Motsheganong ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro<ref>[http://www.bahamasuncensored.com/ConsCorpsXmas06_MFA.html "Mitchell addresses Diplomats Christmas Luncheon".] 13 December 2006. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |94 |[[Dominican Republic]] |Phalane a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20171004004739/http://enlacecongreso.mirex.gob.do/ecc/Lists/Establecimiento%20de%20Relaciones%20Diplomticas/AllItems.aspx "Establecimiento De Relaciones Diplomáticas"] (in Spanish). Archived from [http://enlacecongreso.mirex.gob.do/ecc/Lists/Establecimiento%20de%20Relaciones%20Diplomticas/AllItems.aspx the original] on 4 October 2017. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |95 |[[Republic of the Congo]] |Ngwanatsele a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro |- |96 |[[Qatar]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro |- |97 |[[Equatorial Guinea]] |Morule a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro<ref>[https://minexteriores.gob.gq/wp-content/uploads/ACUERDOS-GUINEA-ECUATORIAL-BOTSUANA.pdf "Acuerdos Firmados Entre Guinea Euatorial Y Botswana"] (PDF) (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |98 |[[Barbados]] |Morule a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro |- |99 |[[Gabon]] |Morule a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro |- |100 |[[Niger]] |Morule a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro |- |101 |[[Sudan]] |Firikgong a le lesome ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |102 |[[Burkina Faso]] |Firikgong a le lesome le bobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |103 |[[Benin]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |104 |[[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |105 |[[Saudi Arabia]] |Mopitlo a rogwa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230817201141/https://sp.spa.gov.sa/viewfullstory.php?lang=en&newsid=429339 "Saudi Arabia, Botswana Establish Diplomatic Relations".] 1 March 2007. Archived from [https://sp.spa.gov.sa/viewfullstory.php?lang=en&newsid=429339 the original] on 17 August 2023. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |106 |[[Burundi]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |107 |[[Djibouti]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130818144121/http://www.djibdiplomatie.dj/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=439&Itemid=17 "Etat des relations".] ''Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres et de la Cooperation Internationale Djibouti'' (in French). Archived from [http://www.djibdiplomatie.dj/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=439&Itemid=17 the original] on 18 August 2013. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |108 |[[Guinea]] |Moranang a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |109 |[[Uruguay]] |Motsheganong a le malatsi a mane ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa<ref>''Keesing's Contemporary Archives – Page 32055''. Keesing's Limited., 1983.</ref> |- |110 |[[Guatemala]] |Motsheganong a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |111 |[[Mauritania]] |Motsheganong a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |112 |[[Ecuador]] |Seetebosigo a le malatsi a mane ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |113 |[[Mali]] |Seetebosigo a le malatis a matlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |114 |[[Ivory Coast]] |Seetebosigo a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |115 |[[Venezuela]] |Phukwi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |116 |[[Paraguay]] |Phukwi a le lesome le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |117 |[[Honduras]] |Phukwi a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |118 |[[Dominica]] |Phukwi a le masome mabedi le boraro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |119 |[[Nicaragua]] |Phatwe a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |120 |[[Costa Rica]] |Lwetse a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa<ref>[https://x.com/CRcancilleria/status/1304499050432135172 "Celebramos 13 años de relaciones diplomáticas con la República de Botsuana y Costa rica"] (in Spanish). 11 September 2020.</ref> |- |121 |[[Antigua and Barbuda]] |Morule a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |122 |[[Suriname]] |Morule a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |123 |[[Belize]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20161222155933/http://www.mofaic.gov.bw/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=134:bilateral-relations-b&catid=2&Itemid=43 "Bilateral Relations: B".] Botswana: Ministry of Foreign Affairs & International Cooperation. Archived from [http://www.mofaic.gov.bw/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=134:bilateral-relations-b&catid=2&Itemid=43 the original] on 22 December 2016. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |124 |[[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] |Lwetse a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi |- |125 |[[Sri Lanka]] |Phalane a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi |- |126 |[[Holy See]] |Ngwanatsele a le malatsi a mane ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi<ref>[https://holyseemission.org/contents/mission/diplomatic-relations-of-the-holy-see.php "Diplomatic relations of the Holy See"]. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |127 |[[Nepal]] |Firikgong a le malatsi a robabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe |- |128 |[[Vietnam]] |Tlhakole a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe |- |129 |[[Saint Kitts and nevis]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe |- |130 |[[North Macedonia]] |Lwetse a le malatsi a mane ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe |- |131 |[[Panama]] |Morule a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe |- |132 |[[Georgia]] |Firikgong a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |133 |[[Samoa]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |134 |[[Guinea-Bissau]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |135 |[[Montenegro]] |Phukwi a le lesome le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |136 |[[Liberia]] |Lwetse a le masome mabedi le motso ngwagawa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |137 |[[Solomon Islands]] |Ngwanatsele a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |138 |[[Papua New Guinea]] |Ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |139 |[[Monaco]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le motso |- |140 |[[Fiji]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le motso |- |141 |[[South Sudan]] |Phukwi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le motso |- |142 |[[Indonesia]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi |- |143 |[[Chad]] |Tlhakole a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le botlhano |- |144 |[[Sierra Leone]] |Tlhakole a le leome le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le botlhano |- |145 |[[Senegal]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le botlhano |- |146 |[[State of Palestine]] |Mopitlo a robabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bosupa |- |147 |[[Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic]] |Motsheganong a le masome mararo le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le borobabobedi |- |148 |[[Comoros]] |Lwetse a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabobedi |- |149 |[[Togo]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le motso |- |150 |[[Central African Republic]] |Phalane a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le motso<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/lepotentielcentrafricain/posts/2944388082541603/?locale=hi_IN&_rdr "L'ambassadeur Nzapayeke est accredite aupres de la Republique du Botswana".] ''Le Potentiel Centrafricain.com'' (in French). Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |151 |[[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] |Tlhakole a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/BWPresidency/videos/arrival-of-ambassador-designate-mrs-emillie-a-mushobekwa-of-the-democratic-repub/525396969660843/ "Arrival of Ambassador Designate Mrs Emillie A. Mushobekwa of the Democratic Republic of Congo, for Presentation of Letters of Credence at the Office of The President, Gaborone".] 9 February 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2026 &#x2013; via Facebook.</ref> |- |152 |[[Mongolia]] |Morule a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro |- |153 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Saint Lucia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Saint Lucia]] |Morule a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro |- |154 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Tajikistan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Tajikistan]] |Morule a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro |- |155 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Laos.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Laos]] |Morule a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro |- |156 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Maldives.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Maldives]] |Morule a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro |- |157 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Armenia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Armenia]] |Morule a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro<ref>[https://armenpress.am/en/article/1126252 "Diplomatic relations established between Armenia and Botswana".] ''[[:en:Armenpress|Armenpress]]''. 14 December 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |158 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of The Gambia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[The Gambia]] |Tlhakole a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bone<ref>[https://www.instagram.com/bwpresidency/p/C3S5SkFNZDZ/?img_index=1 "President Masisi recieves &#x5B;sic&#x5D; letters of credence from ambassador designates".] ''bwpresidency''. 13 February 2024. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |159 |[[Setshwantsho:Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Bolivia]] |Phatwe a rogwa ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bone |- |160 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Turkey.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Uzbekistan]] |Lwetse a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bone<ref>[https://www.tengritimes.com/en/post/uzbekistan-establishes-diplomatic-relations-with-another-african-country-botswana "Uzbekistan establishes diplomatic relations with another African country - Botswana".] ''Times Tenrgi''. 26 September 2024. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |161 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Liechtenstein.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Liechtenstein]] |Ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bone<ref>[https://www.llv.li/serviceportal2/amtsstellen/stabstelle-regierungskanzlei/rechenschaftsbericht-2024.pdf "Landtag, Regierung und Gerichte 2024"] (PDF) (in German). 2025. p.&nbsp;153.</ref> |- |162 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Kyrgyzstan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Kyrgyzstan]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le botlhano<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=1063928925778499&id=100064842032316&_rdr "Botswana and Kyrgyz Republic establish diplomatic relations".] ''Ministry of International Relations, Botswana on Facebook''. 5 March 2025. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |163 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Oman.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Oman]] |Phalane a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le botlhano |- |164 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Turkmenistan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Turkmenistan]] |Phalane a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le botlhano |- |165 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Kazakhstan]] |Phalane a le masome mararo ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome mabedi le botlhano |- |166 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Azerbaijan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Azerbaijan]] |Ngwanatsele a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le botlhano |- |167 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Cape Verde (10-17).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Cape Verde]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome mabedi le borataro<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/Presidencia.cv/posts/pfbid02pbCw2AhzDQwXmCuRaA6VwH5s23rDvgJ2B25jsnAdgBrWz7T1QYTJvxUVS3xvnjKyl "PR recebe Cartas Credenciais da nova Embaixadora de Botswana".] ''Presidência da República de Cabo Verde'' (in Portuguese). 25 February 2026. Retrieved 13 July 2026.</ref> |- |168 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of El Salvador.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[El Salvador]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le borataro |- |169 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Moldova.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Moldova]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le borataro |- |170 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Bahrain.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Bahrain]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mararo ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le borataro<ref>[https://www.bna.bh/en/BahrainBotswanaestablishdiplomaticrelations.aspx?cms=q8FmFJgiscL2fwIzON1%2bDpZCGkNlmsjjveUvx%2fDgvs4%3d "Bahrain, Botswana establish diplomatic relations".] ''Bahrain News Agency''. 30 June 2026. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |} == Botsalano gareng ga mafatshe a mabedi == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Lefatshe !Tshimologo ya botsalano !Dintlha |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Australia (converted).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Australia]] |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le boraro | *Lefatshe la [[Australia]] le amogetswe ke la Botswana go tswa kwa ofising ya boemedi kwa [[Pretoria (Pitori)]], [[Aforika Borwa]], ka |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[China]] |Firikgong a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le botlhano |Mafatshe a mabedi a dirile botsalano ka Firikgong a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le botlhano<ref>[https://www.mfa.gov.cn/ "Joint Communique Regarding the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations Between the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Botswana (MFA People's Republic of China)".]</ref> Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le China]] * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Beijing * Lefatshe la China le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Greece (1970–1975).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Greece]] |Moranang a le lesome ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabobedi |Mafatshe o o mabedi a dirile botsalano ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabobedi kgwedi ya Moranang e le lesome<ref>[https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1486125?ln=en "Diplomatic relations between Greece and Botswana as of 10 Apr. 1978 (UN Digital Library)".] 10 April 1978.</ref> * Lefatshe la Botswana le dumeletswe ke la Greece go dirisa diofisi kgolo tsa kemedi ya sennela ruri kwa Geneva, Switzerland * Lefatshe la Greece le dumeletswe ke la Botswana go dirisa diofisi tsa kemedi kwa Pretoria, Aforika Borwa.<ref>[https://www.mfa.gr/en/bilateral-relations/botswana/ "Greece's Bilateral Relations".]</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of India.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[India]] |Firkgong a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa sekete, amkgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bobedi |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le India]] * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa [[New Dehli]] * Lefatshe la India le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Indonesia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Indonesia]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi |Mafatshe a ka bobedi a tlhamile botsalano ka Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borobaobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi * Leaftshe la Botswana le dumeletswe ke la Indonesia go dirisia diofisi tse di kwa Canberra, Australia<ref>[https://kemlu.go.id/portal/en/kedutaan "Missions &#x7C; Portal Kementerian Luar Negeri Republik Indonesia".]</ref> * Lefatshe al Indonesia le dumeletswe ke la Botswana go dirisa ofisi ya lne e e kwa Pretoria, Aforika Borwa<ref>[https://kemlu.go.id/portal/en/kedutaan "Missions &#x7C; Portal Kementerian Luar Negeri Republik Indonesia".]</ref><ref>[https://kemlu.go.id/pretoria/en "Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia Pretoria Accredited to the Republic of Botswana, Kingdom of Eswatini, and the Kingdom of Lesotho South Africa"].</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Israel.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Israel]] | |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le Israel]] * Lefatshe la Botswana le dumeletswe ke la Israel go nna le diofisi kwa London, United Kingdom * Lefatshe la Israel le dumeletswe ke la Botswana go dirisa diofisi tsa lone kwa Pretoria, Aforika Borwa |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Kenya.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Kenya]] |Phalane a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe,masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>''Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997''. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999. p.&nbsp;83.</ref> |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le Kenya]] * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya moemedi kwa [[Nairobi]] * Lefatshe la Kenya le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Mexico.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Mexico]] |Morule a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le botlhano |Mafatshe o o mabedi a dirile botsalano jwa polotiki ka Morule a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le botlhano.<ref>[https://centrogilbertobosques.senado.gob.mx/docs/NI_Nombramientos_Senado_270218.pdf "Nombramientos Diplomáticos De Reciente Ingreso Al Senado De La Republica En Africa,el Caribe Y Europa Page 8]" (PDF). [https://ghostarchive.org/archive/DgAjG Archived] (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.</ref> * Lefatshe la Botswana le dumeletswe ke la Mexico kwa ofising ya lone kwa Washinton D.C kwa United States le na le ofisi kwa toropo ya Mexico City<ref>[https://www.botswanaembassy.org/ "Welcome to Embassy of the Republic of Botswana in Washington, D.C. | Embassy of the Republic of Botswana in Washington, D.C."] ''botswanaembassy.org''. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> * Lefatshe la Botswana le dumeletswe ke ofisi ya lone kwa Pretoria Aforika Borwa.<ref>[https://embamex.sre.gob.mx/sudafrica/ "Inicio".] ''embamex.sre.gob.mx''. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Namibia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Namibia]] |Lwetse a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le Namibia]] Botsalano jwa Botswana le Namibia ke jwa kutlwano, mafatshe a mabedi a a mabapi a, a dirisana mo go tsa tlhabololo itsholelo. Lefatshe la Botswana le tsere boipuso go tswa mo go la Britain ka Lwetse ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro. Lefatshe la Namibia le stere boipuso mo go la Aforika Borwa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe morago ga ntwa ya molelwane ya Aforika Borwa. * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa [[Windhoek]] * Lefatshe la Namibia le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of North Korea (March 2026-).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[North Korea]] |Morule a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bone, <ref>[https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.ncnk.org/sites/default/files/issue-briefs/DPRK_Diplo_Relations_August2016.pdf "DPRK Diplomatic Relations"] (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.</ref> mme ga emisiwa ka Tlhakole a le lesome le borobabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bone<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=586061304809865&id=148228411926492 "Botswana Severs Ties With Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea)"] &#x2013; via Facebook.</ref> |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le North Korea]] |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Oman.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Oman]] |Phalane a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le botlhano |Bona Botsalano jwa Botswana le Oman Mafatshe a mabedi a dirile botsalano ka Phalane a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le botlhano.<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/MinistryofInternationalAffairsBW/posts/botswana-establishes-diplomatic-relations-with-the-sultanate-of-oman-on-14th-oct/1246185160886207/ "Botswana establishes diplomatic relations with the Sultanate of Oman"]. ''Ministry of International Relations, Botswana''. 16 October 2025. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> * Ka Moranang a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le borataro, tautona [[Duma Boko]] o ne a sireletsa ditumalano le Oman tsa go sekaseka ditswammung, dikago tsa go baya lookwane, le kgothetso.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/climate-energy/botswana-signs-energy-mineral-exploration-deals-with-oman-2026-04-13/ "Botswana signs energy and mineral exploration deals with Oman"]. ''Reuters''. 13 April 2026. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> * Lefatshe la Botswana le itsisitse ka maano a lone a go bula ofisi ya boemedi kwa Muscat.<ref>[https://www.fm.gov.om/en/42099/ "Botswana confirms plans to open an embassy in Muscat".] ''Foreign Ministry of Oman''. 13 April 2026. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Russia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Russia]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, le masome a supa |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le Russia]] Lefatshe la Botswana le Soviet Union a ne a tlhama botsalano jwa sepolotiki ka Mopitlo a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, le masome a supa. Le ntswa le utlwana le mafatshe a bophirima, lefatshe la Botswana le ne la tsaya karolo mo metshamekong ya Olympics ya selemo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi. Botsalano jwa gompieno gareng ga mafatshe a mabedi bo supiwa bo le lorato ebile bo tswa bogologolong. Ka Mopitlo, mafatshe a mabedi a ne a ipelela dingwaga di le masome a mararo le botlhano a ntse a utlwana. Go ya ka tona wa mafatshe a sele, lefatshe la Russia ke lengwe la mafatshe a ntlha go nna le botsalano jo bo tletseng jwa sepolotiki le Botswana.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170202131955/http://www.botswana.mid.ru/articles_relations_e_09.html "We Must Exploit Russia's Potential".] Archived from [http://www.botswana.mid.ru/articles_relations_e_09.html the original] on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> Tirisanommogo ya kgwebo le itsholelo gareng ga mafatshe a Russia le Botswana e supiwa ke tumalano ya kgwebo ya ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bosupa le tumalano ya itsholelo le setegeniki ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi. Puso ya Russian Federation le puso ya Botswana di ne tsa baya monwana tumalano ya ngwao, maranyane le thuto ka Lwetse ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe. Mafatshe a Russia le Botswana a nnile le tirisanommogo e e duleng maduo mo dikarolong tse di farologaneng, bogolojang mo go tlhabololeng babereki. Lefatshe la Russia le santse le e fa Batswana sebaka sa go ithutela kwa lefatsheng la bone mo dikarolong tsa botlhokwa di tshwana le botsogo, mohama o o itemogelang tlhaelo ya babereki e e kwa godimo. Lefatshe la Botswana ke lengwe la mafatshe a banni ba Russia ba sa tlhokeng teseletso ya mosepele go ya kwa go lone. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090329052738/http://www.botswana.mid.ru/relations_e.html "Botswana-Russia relations".] Archived from [http://www.botswana.mid.ru/relations_e.html the original] on 29 March 2009. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref>Lefatshe la Russia le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone, fa la Botswana le le ka fa tlase ga ofisi e e kwa Stockholm (Sweden) le ofisi kwa Moscow. |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of South Africa.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Aforika Borwa]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bone |Mafatshe a ka bobedi jwa one a dirile notsalano jwa sepolotiki ka Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bone. Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le Aforika Borwa]] * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa [[Pretoria (Pitori)]] le mookamedi wa kakaretso kwa [[Cape Town]] le [[Johannesburg]] * Lefatshe la Aforika Borwa le na le ofisi ya kemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of South Korea.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[South Korea]] |Moranang a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabobedi |Go tlhamiwa ga botsalano jwa sepolotiki gareng ga Republic of Korea le Republic of Botswana go simologile ka Moranang a robabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabobedi.<ref>[https://www.mofa.go.kr/eng/nation/m_4902/view.do?seq=133 "Countries & Regions (MFA Republic of Korea)".]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le motso palo ya batho ba South korea ba ba neng ba nna kwa Botswana e ne e le lekgolo, masome a marataro le boraro.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150904015758/http://www.mofa.go.kr/ENG/countries/middleeast/countries/20070804/1_24503.jsp?menu=m_30_50 "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Middle East and Africa"]. 4 September 2015. Archived from [http://www.mofa.go.kr/ENG/countries/middleeast/countries/20070804/1_24503.jsp?menu=m_30_50 the original] on 4 September 2015. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> Fa e sale ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bone, puso ya Botswana e ne e lemoga ROK e le yone puso ya Korea ya nnete.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150106001946/http://www.gov.bw/en/Ministries--Authorities/Ministries/Ministry-of-Foreign-Affairs-and-International-Cooperation/News/BOTSWANA-CUT-TIES-WITH-NORTH-KOREA/ "Botswana Cuts Ties with North Korea".] ''gov.bw''. Ministry of [[:en:Politics_of_Botswana|Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation]]. 20 February 2014. Archived from [https://www.gov.bw/en/Ministries--Authorities/Ministries/Ministry-of-Foreign-Affairs-and-International-Cooperation/News/BOTSWANA-CUT-TIES-WITH-NORTH-KOREA/ the original] on 6 January 2015. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Turkey.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Turkey]] |Firikgong a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le motso<ref>[https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1636698?ln=en "Diplomatic relations between Botswana and Turkey as of 20 Jan. 1981 (UN Digital Library)".] 20 January 1981.</ref> | * Kemedi ya sennela ruri ya Botswana kwa ofising ya UN kwa Geneva e tlhomamisitswe ke Turkey. * Lefatshe la Turkey le na le ofisi ya kemedi kwa Gaborone<ref name=":2">[https://www.mfa.gov.tr/default.en.mfa Relations between Turkey and Botswana".]</ref> * Madi a kgwebo gareng ga mafatshe o o mabedi e ne e le didikadike di le pedi ka ngwag wa dikete pedi, lesome le borobabongwe.<ref name=":2" /> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the United Kingdom (3-5).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[United Kingdom]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro |[[Setshwantsho:Foreign Secretary visits Botswana (6886371565).jpg|thumb|Mokwaledi wa mafatshe a sele William Hague kwa Botswana, Tlhakole ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi]]Lefatshe la Botswana le simolotse botsalano le tirisanommogo le la [[United Kingdom]] ka Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robbaongwe, masome a marataro le borataro.<ref name=":1" /> * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya kemedi kwa Lontone.<ref>Diplomat Magazine (4 September 2017). "[https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/botswana/ Botswana"]. ''Diplomat Magazine''. Archived from the original on 13 May 2025. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> * Lefatshe la United Kingdom le dirisana mmogo le la Botswana ka ofisi ya kemedi kwa Gaborone.<ref>[https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-gaborone "British High Commission Gaborone".] ''[[:en:Gov.uk|GOV.UK]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240506171421/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-gaborone Archived] from the original on 6 May 2024. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> Lefatshe la UK le ne le eteletse pele la Botswana go tswa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi, masome a robabobedi le botlhano go tsena ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro, fa le tsaya boipuso. Mafatshe a ka bobedi ke maloko a mafatshe a selekanye, kgotlatshekelo ya mafatshefatshe ya molao, le lekgotla la go gweba ga mafatshe, ga mmogo le tumalano ya kopano ya itsholelo ya SACUM-UK.<ref>Bavier, Joe (11 September 2019). "[https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-britain-africa-trade-idUKKCN1VW1N5 Britain agrees post-Brexit trade deal with southern Africa]". ''Reuters''. Archived from the original on 18 February 2022. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> Mafatshe a ka bobedi jwa one a na le bokopano jwa go kgetha gabedi.<ref>[[:en:HM_Revenue_and_Customs|HM Revenue and Customs]] (3 February 2014). "[https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/botswana-tax-treaties Botswana: tax treaties]". ''GOV.UK''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20250408171729/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/botswana-tax-treaties Archived] from the original on 8 April 2025. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[USA]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a maratyaro le borataro<ref>[https://history.state.gov/countries/botswana "A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Botswana"].</ref> |Bona [[Botsalano jwa mafatshe a Botswana le United States]][[Setshwantsho:Embassy of Botswana, Washington, D.C..jpg|thumb|Ofisi ya Botswana kwa [[Washington, D.C.]]]]Lefatshe la United States le bona la Botswana e le mmueledi gape e le sekao sa go ritibala mo [[Aferika|Aforika]], le tswa kgakala le berekisana le la Botswana mo ditlhabololong fa e sale ka boipuso. U.S Peace corps ba ne ba boela Botswana ka Phatwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bobedi ka maikaelelo a go dira mananeo a a lebaganeng le HIV/AIDS morago ga go fetsa dingwaga tse di masome mararo a go thusa mo go tsepameng ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bosupa.Ka mo go tshwanang, USAID e ne ya emisa bokopano jwa sebaka se seleele le Botswana ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borataro, morago ga mananeo a a atlegileng a thuto, katiso, kgwebo, go okamela tikologo, le botsogo jwa pelegi. Lefatshe la Botswana, le fa go ntse jalo, lone le mafatshe a a mabapi, le tswelela ka go anywa mo lenaneong la USAID la borwa jwa Aforika, le jaanong le leng kwa [[Pretoria (Pitori)]], le ofisi ya go phadisana ga borwa jwa Aforika ya USAID e diofisikgolo tsa yone di leng kwa Gaborone. Lekgotla la mafatshefatshe la United States la babega dikgang le na le setaitane sa Voice of America mo Botswana le le thusang bontsi jwa mafatshe a a mo Aforika. Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le botlhano, lekgotla le le laolang malwetsi la CDC le ne la simolola porojeke ya BOTUSA le kopane le lephata la [[botsogo mo Botswana]] go ntsha dintlha go tokafatsa maiteko a go laola kgotlholo e tona mo Botswana le mafatshe a mangwe ka nako ya fa kgotlholo e tona le HIV/AIDS di tlhasetse. Ka nako ya lenaneo la ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe la boeteledipele jwa U.S mo go lwantsheng segajaja, CDC ka BOTUSA e ne ya dira diporojeke tse dintsi gape e thusitse makgolta a mantsi mo go lwantsheng HIV/AIDS mo Botswana. Lefatshe la Botswana ke lengwe la mafatshe a a lesome le botlhano a lenaneo la ga tautona la tshoganyetso go lwantsha HIV, le amogetse didikadike tsa di dolara di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mararo fa e sale lenaneo leo le simolola ka Firikgong ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bone go tsena Lwetse ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa. Thuso ya PEPFAR kwa Botswana, e e neng e le madi otlhe a a kanang ka didikadike di le masome a supa le borataro kwa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa, le thusa go thibela, go alafa le go tlhokomela balwetse ba HIV/AIDS. Puso ya Botswana le ya United States ba stene mo tumalanong ka Phukwi ngwag wa dikete pedi go tlhama sekolo sa katisetso molao kwa Gaborone. Sekolo se, se dipuso tse di pataganetseng go ntsha madi a sone le go se okamela, se katisa mapodisi le matona a puso mo Aforika. Dikago tsa sekolo di kwa Otse, kwa ntle ga Gaborone, se bustwe ka Mopitlo ngwaga wa dikete pedi le boraro. Batho ba molao ba ka nna dikete tharo mo Aforika ba katisitswe mo sekolong se fa se sale se simolola go ruta ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le motso. * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa [[Washington, D.C.]] * Lefatshe la United States le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Zimbabwe.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Zimbabwe]] |Motsheganong a le masome mararo le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le boraro |Mafatshe a ka bobedi a nnile le tirisanommogo ka Motsheganong a le masome mararo le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le boraro.<ref>''Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997''. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999. p.&nbsp;103.</ref> Lefatshe la Botswana le santse le sokola ka go tswala molelwane, le tswalela dikete tsa batho ba Zimbabwe ba ba tshabang go phutlhama ga itsholelo le pogiso ya sepolotiki. Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le botlhano, batho ba Zimbabwe ba le dikete di le masome mabedi le bobedi ba ne ba tshwarwa ba bo ba busediwa gae. Dipalo tsa batho ba ba buseditsweng gae di ne tsa oketsega go nna dikete di le masome mabedi le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le borobabobedi.<ref>Dube, Mqondisi (14 August 2019). [https://www.voanews.com/a/africa_botswana-battles-influx-zimbabwean-illegal-immigrants/6173868.html "Botswana Battles Influx of Zimbabwean Illegal Immigrants"]. ''Voice of America''. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya kemedi kwa [[Harare]] * Lefatshe la Zimbabwe le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa [[Gaborone]] |} == Botswana le FOSS == Lefatshe la Botswana le sale le nna leloko la bokopano jwa mafatshe a mannye (Forum of Small States) fa setlhopha seo se tlhamiwa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a obabongwe le bobedi.<ref>''50 Years of Singapore and the United Nations''. World Scientific. 2015. ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-981-4713-03-0|978-981-4713-03-0]]</bdi>.access-date=13 July 2026</ref> == Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe == * [[Dithomo tsa botsalano jwa sepolotiki mo Botswana]] * [[Dithomo tsa botsalano jwa sepolotiki tsa Botswana]] == Metswedi == 6j8mr3uza4f6a3dafhyqs1xuvtnorsa Biggie Butale 0 14401 52554 52411 2026-07-16T01:00:50Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52554 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Biggie Ganda Butale''' (o belegwe ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola ga raro ,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bobedi) ke radipolotiki wa Motswana le moeteledipele wa gompieno wa [[Botswana Republican Party]] (BRP) go tloga ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e le lesome le bone,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro. O kile a direla jaaka Leloko la Palamente la [[Tati West]] mo Palamenteng ya bo lesome le bongwe go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe . Butale, e ne e le Tautona wa [[Botswana Patriotic Front]] go tloga ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro, o ne a tlosiwa mo setilong morago ga kgotlhang ya boeteledipele. Morago ga moo, o ne a tlhoma BRP ka kgwei ya Ngwanatsele e le lesome le bone,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro .<ref>Ramatiti, Ketumile (8 November 2023). [https://www.weekendpost.co.bw/38673/news/khama-bpf-splinter-party-formed/ "Khama/BPF splinter party formed"]. ''Weekend Post''. Retrieved 14 December 2023.</ref> {{Infobox officeholder/office|office=Tautona wa [[Botswana Republican Party]]|predecessor=" 'Boemo bo tlhomilwe'|termstart=Kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ele lesome le bone,Ngwaga wa 2023|party=[[Botswana Republican Party]] (since 2023)|successor=Mephato Reatile}} == Botshelo le thuto == Butale o belegwe ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola ga raro,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bobedi kwa [[Gaborone]] mme a tsena sekolo se segolwane kwa Gaborone Secondary College go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe go fitlha ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borataro. O ne a tsena mo [[Botswana Democratic Party]] ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe a le dingwaga di le lesome le borobabobedi . O ne a tsweletsa dithuto tsa gagwe kwa Mmadikolo wa Botswana, a amogela dithuto tsa LLB ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bosupa. Mosepele wa gagwe waboitsaanape o akareditse ditiro tse di tshwana le go dira jaaka Mmueledi kwa Dikantorong tsa Motlatsa-Motlhankedi wa Puso (State Counsel) go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borataro go ya go sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi le kwa Moupo Motswagole le Dingake Attorneys go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe go ya go dikete tse pedi. Mo godimo ga moo, o ne a dira jaaka motsamaisi wa kompone ya tshireletso go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone. == Tiro ya sepolotiki == Butale o simolotse tiro ya gagwe ya sepolotiki fa a sena go tlhophiwa go nna Leloko la Palamente mo tikologong ya Tati West mo ditlhophong tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone . Mo godimo ga moo, o ne a direla jaaka leloko la Palamente ya Pan African go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borataro mme ka nako e le nngwe a nna le maemo a modulasetulo wa Komiti ya Palamente ya Tshiamiso, Tshireletso le Tshireletsego. Mo nakong eno, o ne gape e le leloko la Komiti ya Dipalo tsa Setšhaba le Komiti ya Ditirelo tsa Tshedimosetso le Pabalesego ya Puso ya Palamente ya Botswana. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borataro go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe, Butale o ne a nna mothusa Tona ya Dipeeletso, Papadi le Madirelo. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone , Butale o ne a tlhophiwa go nna Mopalamente wa setilo sa Palamente sa Tati Bophirima. <ref name=":0">''[https://web.archive.org/web/20231214121914/https://www.eisa.org/pdf/bot2014results.pdf GENERAL ELECTIONS 2014 PARLIAMENTARY RESULTS]'' (PDF). INDEPENDENT ELECTORAL COMMISSION. 2014.</ref>O ne a tlhatloga ka bonako mo maemong, a gwetlha Mothusa Tautona wa Botswana ka nako eo, [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] go nna modulasetulo wa BDP ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano. O ne a direla e le mothusi wa tona mo maphateng a a farologaneng a puso, le fa go ntse jalo, gantsi batho ba ne ba gana go amogela maikaelelo a gagwe a bopolotiki. Morago ga go kgaolwa ga gagwe le go latlhegelwa ke ditlhopho tsa pele tsa BDP tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi, Butale o ne a nna motlhami-mmogo wa [[Botswana Patriotic Front]] (BPF), lekoko le le neng le kgaogane le [[Botswana Democratic Party]], le le neng le eteletswe pele ke Tautona wa pele [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe . BPF e ne ya tswelela go fenya ditilo di le tharo, tsotlhe mo kgaolong ya [[Serowe]], e leng lekgetlho la ntlha ba fenngwa ke lekoko la kganetso mo ditsong. <ref name=":0" />Le fa go ntse jalo, o ne a latlhegelwa ke setilo sa gagwe sa Tati Bophirima go tswa mo go Simon Moabi wa BDP. <ref name=":0" /> Morago ga ntwa e telele ya semolao ya maemo a gagwe jaakaTautona wa lekoko, Butale kwa bofelong o ne a lelekwa mo BPF mme a tswelela go bopa lekoko la Botswana Republican Party ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro .<ref>[https://guardiansun.co.bw/ampArticle/2102 "Botswana Republican Party Unveils Vision for a Democratic and Prosperous Future".] ''Botswana Guardian''. 16 November 2023. Retrieved 25 December 2023.</ref> == Maemo a sepolotiki == Jaaka [[moruti,]] Butale o itsege ka tumelo ya gagwe ya Sekeresete le go nna le mekgwa e e siameng mo setšhabeng. Ke moganetsi yo o tiileng wa molao wa go senya mpa, o kgala bosodoma mme o eteletse pele letsholo kgatlhanong le batho ba LGBTQ le Bagwebi ka mmele. <ref>Basimanebotlhe, Tsaone (14 May 2021). [https://www.mmegi.bw/ampArticle/180578 "Who is Butale?"]. [[Mmegi|''Mmegi''.]] Retrieved 14 December 2023.</ref> == Metswedi == p0oejjqgy0bshru1cns6okzq76wqjt5 Ditso tsa lefatshe la Botswana 0 14424 52567 52455 2026-07-16T07:49:13Z Atsile Edith 11759 ke senotse tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 52567 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ditso tsa lefatshe la Botswana''' di akaretsa tsa bogologolo le tsa ngwao ya kgaolo, go diriwa kolone ya [[:en:Bechuanaland_Protectorate|Bechuanaland Protectorate]], le go nna Republic of [[Botswana]] gompieno. Batho ba ntlha ba motlha wa gompieno go nna mo Botswana e ne e le Basarwa, temothuo e tlhabolotswe dingwaga di ka nna dikete pedi, le makgolo a mararo a a fetileng. Batho bantsho ba Bantu ba ntlha ba gorogile dingwaga di le makgolo mabedi morago ga loso lwa ga Keresete, fa [[Batswana]] ba ntlha ba gorogile dingwaga di le makgolo mabedi morago. Batswana ba ne ba kgaogana ka ditlhopha tsa merafe mo dingwageng tse di dikete tse di latelang fa diphudugo mo kgaolong di tswelela, tse di neng tsa baka [[:en:Difaqane|Difaqane]] mo lekgolong la dingwaga di le lesome le borobabobedi. Go amana le ma Yuropa ga ntlha go diragetse ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi lesome le borataro, mo go bakileng go diriwa Bakeresete ga batho ba kgaolo. Magosi a Batswana a a neng a na le thotloetso e kgolo a ne a ikopela go nna mo tlhokomelong ya lefatshe la [[United Kingdom]] ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi, masome a robabobedi le botlhano ka ba ne ba itemogela matshosetsi go tswa kwa [[:en:German_South_West_Africa|German South West Africa]] le mo Maburung. Batho ba Britain ba ne ba kgaoganya kgaolo go nna merafe e kgosi nngwe le nngwe e tlaa e etelelang pele, ba a fa dikgosi maatla a a fetang a ba neng ba na le one pele, mme ba ne ba nna le taolo e e lekanetseng fela mo lefatsheng. Puso ya Britain e ne ya nna le seabe se setlhagafetseng ka dinwaga tsa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mararo. Lefatshe la Botswana le ne la ema nokeng go tsaya karolo ga Britain mo ntweng ya bobedi ya mafatshe, bontsi ba ne ba lwa e le bontlha jwa sesole sa [[Aferika|Aforika]] sa Auxiliary Pioneer Corps. Go lwela go laola go nnile teng ka dingwaga tsa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, le masome a matlhano fa gare ga Kgosi ya [[Bangwato]] [[Seretse Khama]] le motlhatlhami wa gagwe [[Tshekedi Khama]]. Go nyala mosadi wa lekgoa ebong [[Ruth Williams Khama]] ga ga Seretse, go ne ga baka gore batho ba Britain ba mo thibele go nna mo [[Botswana]]. O ne a boa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a matlhano le borataro, ka a ne a na le kemo nokeng e kgolo, merafe e ne inaakanya le puso e e tlhophilweng fa letsholo la boipuso le tlhamiwa. Molao wa lefatshe o tlhamilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le motso, ga tlhamiwa diphathi tsa polotiki. Seretse o ne a nna moeteledipele wa [[:en:Bechuanaland_Democratic_Party|Bechuanaland Democratic Party]], e e neng e bueletswe ke puso ya Britain go busa morago ga boipuso, e ne ya nna le kemo nokeng e e tsitsibanyang mmele mo ditlhophong tsa ntlha tsa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le botlhano. Lefatshe la Botswana le ne la neelwa boipuso jo bo tletseng ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro. Ka maikaelelo a a nonofileng, Seretse le phathi ya gagwe ba ne ba tlhama puso ya batho ka batho ya bophirima ba simolola go tlhabolola dikago mo lefatsheng le e neng e le lengwe la a a neng a humanegile thata ka nako eo. Go ne ga lemogiwa fa go na le diteemane ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabongwe, mo go neng ga bopa sesha itsholelo ya Botswana. Kompone ya meepo ya [[Debswana]] e tlhamilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabobedi, lefatshe la Botswana la nna la itsholelo e e golang ka bofefo thata go gaisa a mangwe mo Botswana. Phathi ya sepolotiki ya Botswana Democratic e ne ya tswelela e le yone phathi e e busang go tswa ka nako ya boipuso go fitlhelela phathi ya [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]] e fenya ditlhopho tsa [[:en:2024_Botswana_general_election|ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bone.]] == Ditso tsa pele ga bokolone == === Ditso tsa pele === [[Setshwantsho:Tsodilo Hills rock paintings4.jpg|thumb|metako ya magaga kwa Tsodilo mo ditsong tsa pele]] Lefatshe la Botswana la gompieno e ne e le sekgwa fela dingwaga di le didikadike tse di lesome tse di fitileng, dinoka di ne di le ditona go fetisa gompieno, di tshela kwa [[Letsha la Makgadikgadi|letsheng la Makgadikgadi]].<ref>[[:en:Thomas_Tlou|Tlou, Thomas]]; [[:en:Alec_Campbell_(archaeologist)|Campbell, Alec C]]. (1997) [1984]. ''[[History of Botswana]]'' (2nd&nbsp;ed.). Macmillan Botswana. ISBN[[:en:Special:BookSources/9991278087|&nbsp;<bdi>9991278087</bdi>.]]</ref> Batho ba sebopego sa ntlha sa Homo erectus ba ne ba nna mo kgaolong eo ka motlha wa lejwe.<ref>[[:en:Thomas_Tlou|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997,]] p.&nbsp;14.</ref> Didirisiwa tsa lejwe mo Botswana wa gompieno, di tshwana le dilepe, di tswa go o lowe, dingwaga di le didikadike di le pedi tse di fitileng.<ref>Denbow, James R.; Thebe, Phenyo C. (2006). [[iarchive:culturecustomsof0000denb|''Culture and Customs of Botswana''.]] Greenwood Press. ISBN&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-313-33178-7|<bdi>978-0-313-33178-7</bdi>.]] [[:en:OCLC#Identifiers_and_linked_data|OCLC]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/title/62118271 62118271.]</ref><ref name=":0">Klehm, Carla (28 June 2021). "Archaeology of Botswana". ''Oxford Research Encyclopedia of African History''. doi:[https://academic.oup.com/edited-volume/61663/chapter/553401196 10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.013.792]. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-19-027773-4|<bdi>978-0-19-027773-4</bdi>.]]</ref> Phudugo go ya sekakeng sa Kalahari go akanyediwa fa e diragetse pele ga legato la borataro dingwaga di le dikete di le lekgolo, makgolo a robabobedi le masome a marataro tse di fitileng.<ref name=":0" /> Letsha la Makgadikgadi le simolotse go fokotsega dingwaga di le dikete di le masome matlhano tse di fitileng.<ref>[[:en:Thomas_Tlou|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997, p.&nbsp;17.]]</ref> Bagolagolwane ba merafe e e sa amaneng ka gope ba ba bidiwang Basarwa fa ba kgobokantswe, ba ne ba nna mo Botswana wa gompieno, dingwaga di ka nna dikete di le masome mane go tsena masome a mararo tse di fitileng. Ba ka tswa e le bone batho ba ntlha go nna mo motlheng wa lejwe.<ref>[[:en:Alec_Campbell_(archaeologist)|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], pp.&nbsp;18, 23.</ref> Ba ne ba itlhoma go bapa le dinoka ka dipaka tsa komelelo, mme ba phatlalale le kgaolo ka nako ya dipula.<ref>[[:en:Alec_Campbell_(archaeologist)|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&nbsp;24.</ref>Go ne go itsewe fa ba ne ba nna mo mafelong a a dikaganyeditseng [[letsha la Makgadikgadi]], ga mmogo le [[Tsodilo]] le GI.<ref name=":1">[[iarchive:culturecustomsof0000denb|Denbow &#x26; Thebe 2006]], p.&nbsp;xv.</ref> Batho ba bangwe jaaka ba [[Nata]], Shua le Xani, go dumelwa fa ba gorogile morago ga Basarwa.<ref name=":2">Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997, p.&nbsp;23.</ref>[[:en:Rock_art|Botaki jwa matlapa]] bo simolotse dingwaga di ka nna dikete tse masome a mararo tse di fetileng,<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFDenbowThebe2006|Denbow &#x26; Thebe 2006]], p.&#x20;58.</ref> Meepo ya specularite le hematite e simolotse ka nako e go tlhama dipente.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&#x20;48.</ref> Mo e ka nnang metsi otlhe a leruri a ne a amana le batho ba ntlha dingwaga di le 20,000 tse di fetileng.<ref name=":1" /> Thuto e e tseneletseng ya Aforika e e kwa borwa mo [[:en:Stone_Age|Motlheng wa Matlapa]] e ntse e lekanyeditswe.<ref name=":0" /> Batho ba ba farologaneng ba kgaolo e ne e le [[:en:Hunter-gatherer|batsomi-baphuthi]] ba ba neng ba sala ka ditlhopha tse dinnye mme ba dira kgwebo le ba bangwe.<ref name=":2" /> Go dumelwa gore setlhopha sengwe le sengwe e ne e le kokoanyo ya malapa a a sikanang a a neng a tshwere tshimo e e rileng, a eteletswe pele ke monna yo mogolo wa lelapa la tlhogo ya setlhopha.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&#x20;25.</ref>Banna ba ne ba tsoma diphologolo tse dikgolo, fa basadi ba ne ba phutha dimela le go tshwara diphologolo tse dinnye.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], pp.&#x20;24–25.</ref> Ditlhopha di ne di nyalana mme di dirisa thulaganyo ya magadi, xaro.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&#x20;26.</ref> Mo e ka nnang dingwaga di le dikete tse tse di fetileng, batho ba kgaolo eo ba ne ba tla ka dikgomo le dinku mo Botswana wa gompieno mme ba simolola go dira dinkgwana.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFHillbomBolt2018|Hillbom &#x26; Bolt 2018]], p.&#x20;35.</ref><ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFKlehm2021|Klehm 2021]], p.&#x20;8.</ref><ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&#x20;28.</ref>Temothuo e ne ya tlhabologa ka nako e mme batho ba ne ba simolola go nna mo metseng, e e neng ya tlhatloga le go wela tlase fa seemo sa loapi le ditlhaselo tsa dikgomo di ne di dira gore phitlhelelo ya leruo e fetofetoge.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], pp.&#x20;29–30.</ref>Gareng ga dijalo tsa ntlha e ne e le [[:en:Pearl_millet|mmidi wa perela]], [[:en:Finger_millet|mmidi wa menwana]], [[:en:Sorghum|mabele]], [[:en:Bambara_groundnut|matonkomane a Bambara]], [[:en:Cowpea|dinawa tsa kgomo]], le dimela tsa lelapa la [[:en:Cucurbitaceae|cucurbits]].<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFKlehm2021|Klehm 2021]], pp.&#x20;8–9.</ref> Batho ba ntlha ba Bantu ba ne ba [[:en:Bantu_expansion|fudugela kwa kgaolong]] e dingwaga di le dikete tse pedi le dingwaga dile selete le makgolo a matlhano tse di fetileng, mme go kile ga dumelwa gore ke bone ba ba neng ba tlisa leruo la ntlha mo lefelong leno.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], pp.&#x20;22–24, 28.</ref> [[:en:Kalanga_people|Batho ba Kalanga]] ke bone ba ntlha mo [[:en:Bantu_people|merafeng ya Bantu]] go nna mo Botswana wa gompieno, ba goroga c. 200 C.E.<ref name=":3">[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFHillbomBolt2018|Hillbom &#x26; Bolt 2018]], p.&#x20;27.</ref> Bagologolwane ba morafe wa ntlha wa [[:en:Tswana_people|Batswana]] (bongwe ''Motswana'', bontsi ''Batswana'') go fopholediwa fa ba gorogile c. 400 C.E.<ref name=":3" /> Batho ba ba Bantu ba ne ba tlisa didirisiwa tsa tshipi le tsa kopore mo kgaolong mme ba nna mo ditseleng tsa metsi tsa leruri.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFKlehm2021|Klehm 2021]], p.&#x20;9.</ref> Ba ne ba aga mafelo a bonno a leruri a matlo a ka nna lesome go fitlhela lesome le botlhano a [[:en:Pole-and-daga|dipale le mmu]] nngwe le nngwe, go na le dikago tsa nakwana tsa Khoisan e e neng e tsamayatsamaya thata.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], pp.&#x20;44–45.</ref> BaKhoisan le Bantu ba ka tswa ba ne ba gweba le go nyalana mo pakeng e.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&#x20;36.</ref> == Metswedi == rkruxlqrjqmi4cmskp645rpq7ii50c9 52584 52567 2026-07-16T11:18:41Z Atsile Edith 11759 ke senotse tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 52584 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ditso tsa lefatshe la Botswana''' di akaretsa tsa bogologolo le tsa ngwao ya kgaolo, go diriwa kolone ya [[:en:Bechuanaland_Protectorate|Bechuanaland Protectorate]], le go nna Republic of [[Botswana]] gompieno. Batho ba ntlha ba motlha wa gompieno go nna mo Botswana e ne e le Basarwa, temothuo e tlhabolotswe dingwaga di ka nna dikete pedi, le makgolo a mararo a a fetileng. Batho bantsho ba Bantu ba ntlha ba gorogile dingwaga di le makgolo mabedi morago ga loso lwa ga Keresete, fa [[Batswana]] ba ntlha ba gorogile dingwaga di le makgolo mabedi morago. Batswana ba ne ba kgaogana ka ditlhopha tsa merafe mo dingwageng tse di dikete tse di latelang fa diphudugo mo kgaolong di tswelela, tse di neng tsa baka [[:en:Difaqane|Difaqane]] mo lekgolong la dingwaga di le lesome le borobabobedi. Go amana le ma Yuropa ga ntlha go diragetse ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi lesome le borataro, mo go bakileng go diriwa Bakeresete ga batho ba kgaolo. Magosi a Batswana a a neng a na le thotloetso e kgolo a ne a ikopela go nna mo tlhokomelong ya lefatshe la [[United Kingdom]] ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi, masome a robabobedi le botlhano ka ba ne ba itemogela matshosetsi go tswa kwa [[:en:German_South_West_Africa|German South West Africa]] le mo Maburung. Batho ba Britain ba ne ba kgaoganya kgaolo go nna merafe e kgosi nngwe le nngwe e tlaa e etelelang pele, ba a fa dikgosi maatla a a fetang a ba neng ba na le one pele, mme ba ne ba nna le taolo e e lekanetseng fela mo lefatsheng. Puso ya Britain e ne ya nna le seabe se setlhagafetseng ka dinwaga tsa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mararo. Lefatshe la Botswana le ne la ema nokeng go tsaya karolo ga Britain mo ntweng ya bobedi ya mafatshe, bontsi ba ne ba lwa e le bontlha jwa sesole sa [[Aferika|Aforika]] sa Auxiliary Pioneer Corps. Go lwela go laola go nnile teng ka dingwaga tsa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, le masome a matlhano fa gare ga Kgosi ya [[Bangwato]] [[Seretse Khama]] le motlhatlhami wa gagwe [[Tshekedi Khama]]. Go nyala mosadi wa lekgoa ebong [[Ruth Williams Khama]] ga ga Seretse, go ne ga baka gore batho ba Britain ba mo thibele go nna mo [[Botswana]]. O ne a boa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a matlhano le borataro, ka a ne a na le kemo nokeng e kgolo, merafe e ne inaakanya le puso e e tlhophilweng fa letsholo la boipuso le tlhamiwa. Molao wa lefatshe o tlhamilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le motso, ga tlhamiwa diphathi tsa polotiki. Seretse o ne a nna moeteledipele wa [[:en:Bechuanaland_Democratic_Party|Bechuanaland Democratic Party]], e e neng e bueletswe ke puso ya Britain go busa morago ga boipuso, e ne ya nna le kemo nokeng e e tsitsibanyang mmele mo ditlhophong tsa ntlha tsa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le botlhano. Lefatshe la Botswana le ne la neelwa boipuso jo bo tletseng ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro. Ka maikaelelo a a nonofileng, Seretse le phathi ya gagwe ba ne ba tlhama puso ya batho ka batho ya bophirima ba simolola go tlhabolola dikago mo lefatsheng le e neng e le lengwe la a a neng a humanegile thata ka nako eo. Go ne ga lemogiwa fa go na le diteemane ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabongwe, mo go neng ga bopa sesha itsholelo ya Botswana. Kompone ya meepo ya [[Debswana]] e tlhamilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabobedi, lefatshe la Botswana la nna la itsholelo e e golang ka bofefo thata go gaisa a mangwe mo Botswana. Phathi ya sepolotiki ya Botswana Democratic e ne ya tswelela e le yone phathi e e busang go tswa ka nako ya boipuso go fitlhelela phathi ya [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]] e fenya ditlhopho tsa [[:en:2024_Botswana_general_election|ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bone.]] == Ditso tsa pele ga bokolone == === Ditso tsa pele === [[Setshwantsho:Tsodilo Hills rock paintings4.jpg|thumb|metako ya magaga kwa Tsodilo mo ditsong tsa pele]] Lefatshe la Botswana la gompieno e ne e le sekgwa fela dingwaga di le didikadike tse di lesome tse di fitileng, dinoka di ne di le ditona go fetisa gompieno, di tshela kwa [[Letsha la Makgadikgadi|letsheng la Makgadikgadi]].<ref>[[:en:Thomas_Tlou|Tlou, Thomas]]; [[:en:Alec_Campbell_(archaeologist)|Campbell, Alec C]]. (1997) [1984]. ''[[History of Botswana]]'' (2nd&nbsp;ed.). Macmillan Botswana. ISBN[[:en:Special:BookSources/9991278087|&nbsp;<bdi>9991278087</bdi>.]]</ref> Batho ba sebopego sa ntlha sa Homo erectus ba ne ba nna mo kgaolong eo ka motlha wa lejwe.<ref>[[:en:Thomas_Tlou|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997,]] p.&nbsp;14.</ref> Didirisiwa tsa lejwe mo Botswana wa gompieno, di tshwana le dilepe, di tswa go o lowe, dingwaga di le didikadike di le pedi tse di fitileng.<ref name=":4">Denbow, James R.; Thebe, Phenyo C. (2006). [[iarchive:culturecustomsof0000denb|''Culture and Customs of Botswana''.]] Greenwood Press. ISBN&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-313-33178-7|<bdi>978-0-313-33178-7</bdi>.]] [[:en:OCLC#Identifiers_and_linked_data|OCLC]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/title/62118271 62118271.]</ref><ref name=":0">Klehm, Carla (28 June 2021). "Archaeology of Botswana". ''Oxford Research Encyclopedia of African History''. doi:[https://academic.oup.com/edited-volume/61663/chapter/553401196 10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.013.792]. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-19-027773-4|<bdi>978-0-19-027773-4</bdi>.]]</ref> Phudugo go ya sekakeng sa Kalahari go akanyediwa fa e diragetse pele ga legato la borataro dingwaga di le dikete di le lekgolo, makgolo a robabobedi le masome a marataro tse di fitileng.<ref name=":0" /> Letsha la Makgadikgadi le simolotse go fokotsega dingwaga di le dikete di le masome matlhano tse di fitileng.<ref>[[:en:Thomas_Tlou|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997, p.&nbsp;17.]]</ref> Bagolagolwane ba merafe e e sa amaneng ka gope ba ba bidiwang Basarwa fa ba kgobokantswe, ba ne ba nna mo Botswana wa gompieno, dingwaga di ka nna dikete di le masome mane go tsena masome a mararo tse di fitileng. Ba ka tswa e le bone batho ba ntlha go nna mo motlheng wa lejwe.<ref>[[:en:Alec_Campbell_(archaeologist)|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], pp.&nbsp;18, 23.</ref> Ba ne ba itlhoma go bapa le dinoka ka dipaka tsa komelelo, mme ba phatlalale le kgaolo ka nako ya dipula.<ref>[[:en:Alec_Campbell_(archaeologist)|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&nbsp;24.</ref>Go ne go itsewe fa ba ne ba nna mo mafelong a a dikaganyeditseng [[letsha la Makgadikgadi]], ga mmogo le [[Tsodilo]] le GI.<ref name=":1">[[iarchive:culturecustomsof0000denb|Denbow &#x26; Thebe 2006]], p.&nbsp;xv.</ref> Batho ba bangwe jaaka ba [[Nata]], Shua le Xani, go dumelwa fa ba gorogile morago ga Basarwa.<ref name=":2">Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997, p.&nbsp;23.</ref>[[:en:Rock_art|Botaki jwa matlapa]] bo simolotse dingwaga di ka nna dikete tse masome a mararo tse di fetileng,<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFDenbowThebe2006|Denbow &#x26; Thebe 2006]], p.&#x20;58.</ref> Meepo ya specularite le hematite e simolotse ka nako e go tlhama dipente.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&#x20;48.</ref> Mo e ka nnang metsi otlhe a leruri a ne a amana le batho ba ntlha dingwaga di le 20,000 tse di fetileng.<ref name=":1" /> Thuto e e tseneletseng ya Aforika e e kwa borwa mo [[:en:Stone_Age|Motlheng wa Matlapa]] e ntse e lekanyeditswe.<ref name=":0" /> Batho ba ba farologaneng ba kgaolo e ne e le [[:en:Hunter-gatherer|batsomi-baphuthi]] ba ba neng ba sala ka ditlhopha tse dinnye mme ba dira kgwebo le ba bangwe.<ref name=":2" /> Go dumelwa gore setlhopha sengwe le sengwe e ne e le kokoanyo ya malapa a a sikanang a a neng a tshwere tshimo e e rileng, a eteletswe pele ke monna yo mogolo wa lelapa la tlhogo ya setlhopha.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&#x20;25.</ref>Banna ba ne ba tsoma diphologolo tse dikgolo, fa basadi ba ne ba phutha dimela le go tshwara diphologolo tse dinnye.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], pp.&#x20;24–25.</ref> Ditlhopha di ne di nyalana mme di dirisa thulaganyo ya magadi, xaro.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&#x20;26.</ref> Mo e ka nnang dingwaga di le dikete tse tse di fetileng, batho ba kgaolo eo ba ne ba tla ka dikgomo le dinku mo Botswana wa gompieno mme ba simolola go dira dinkgwana.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFHillbomBolt2018|Hillbom &#x26; Bolt 2018]], p.&#x20;35.</ref><ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFKlehm2021|Klehm 2021]], p.&#x20;8.</ref><ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&#x20;28.</ref>Temothuo e ne ya tlhabologa ka nako e mme batho ba ne ba simolola go nna mo metseng, e e neng ya tlhatloga le go wela tlase fa seemo sa loapi le ditlhaselo tsa dikgomo di ne di dira gore phitlhelelo ya leruo e fetofetoge.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], pp.&#x20;29–30.</ref>Gareng ga dijalo tsa ntlha e ne e le [[:en:Pearl_millet|mmidi wa perela]], [[:en:Finger_millet|mmidi wa menwana]], [[:en:Sorghum|mabele]], [[:en:Bambara_groundnut|matonkomane a Bambara]], [[:en:Cowpea|dinawa tsa kgomo]], le dimela tsa lelapa la [[:en:Cucurbitaceae|cucurbits]].<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFKlehm2021|Klehm 2021]], pp.&#x20;8–9.</ref> Batho ba ntlha ba Bantu ba ne ba [[:en:Bantu_expansion|fudugela kwa kgaolong]] e dingwaga di le dikete tse pedi le dingwaga dile selete le makgolo a matlhano tse di fetileng, mme go kile ga dumelwa gore ke bone ba ba neng ba tlisa leruo la ntlha mo lefelong leno.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], pp.&#x20;22–24, 28.</ref> [[:en:Kalanga_people|Batho ba Kalanga]] ke bone ba ntlha mo [[:en:Bantu_people|merafeng ya Bantu]] go nna mo Botswana wa gompieno, ba goroga c. 200 C.E.<ref name=":3">[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFHillbomBolt2018|Hillbom &#x26; Bolt 2018]], p.&#x20;27.</ref> Bagologolwane ba morafe wa ntlha wa [[:en:Tswana_people|Batswana]] (bongwe ''Motswana'', bontsi ''Batswana'') go fopholediwa fa ba gorogile c. 400 C.E.<ref name=":3" /> Batho ba ba Bantu ba ne ba tlisa didirisiwa tsa tshipi le tsa kopore mo kgaolong mme ba nna mo ditseleng tsa metsi tsa leruri.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFKlehm2021|Klehm 2021]], p.&#x20;9.</ref> Ba ne ba aga mafelo a bonno a leruri a matlo a ka nna lesome go fitlhela lesome le botlhano a [[:en:Pole-and-daga|dipale le mmu]] nngwe le nngwe, go na le dikago tsa nakwana tsa Khoisan e e neng e tsamayatsamaya thata.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], pp.&#x20;44–45.</ref> BaKhoisan le Bantu ba ka tswa ba ne ba gweba le go nyalana mo pakeng e.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&#x20;36.</ref> === Lekgolo la bosupa la dingwaga go fitlhela ka lekgolo la lesome le bone la dingwaga === Setlhopha sa batho ba Zhizo, batho ba Taukome, ba ne ba goroga mo Botswana wa gompieno ka ngwagakgolo wa bosupa mme ba nna fa gare ga [[:en:Shashe_River|Noka ya Shashe]] le [[:en:Serorome_River|Noka ya Serorome]].<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], pp.&#x20;54–55.</ref><ref name=":5">[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFKlehm2021|Klehm 2021]], p.&#x20;10.</ref> Go nna le [[:en:Glass_bead|dipheta tsa galase]] go supa kgolagano ya pele le [[:en:Indian_Ocean_trade|kgwebo ya Lewatle la India]].<ref name=":5" /> Palo ya leruo le le ruiwang mo Botswana wa gompieno e ne ya oketsega thata fa gare ga ngwagakgolo wa borobabobedi le ngwagakgolo wa lesome.<ref name=":4" /> Batho ba Tswana ba ne ba ithulaganya go nna mofuta wa puso ya morafe, e e bidiwang ''morafe'' (bontsi merafe), mongwe le mongwe o eteletswe pele ke kgosi e e bidiwang ''[[:en:Kgosi|kgosi]]'' (bontsi dikgosi).<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFHillbomBolt2018|Hillbom &#x26; Bolt 2018]], p.&#x20;28.</ref> Tsamaiso e e ne ya tlhagisa puso e e nang le maemo a a kwa godimo fa e bapisiwa le tse dingwe mo kgaolong.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFSamatar1999|Samatar 1999]], p.&#x20;40.</ref> Dikgomo di ne tsa nna karolo e e botlhokwa ya setšhaba mo kgaolong, mme go nna mong wa dikgomo go ne go supa maemo a motho.<ref name=":6">[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFKlehm2021|Klehm 2021]], p.&#x20;11.</ref><ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&#x20;46.</ref> Ditso tsa bogologolo tsa batho ba Tswana e sa ntse e sa itsiwe thata ka gonne go setse bosupi jo bonnye jwa baepi ba dilo tsa bogologolo.<ref name=":3" /> Ditsela tsa kgwebo di ne di golaganya merafe go ralala [[:en:Kalahari_Desert|Sekaka sa Kalahari]] ka makgolo ale borobabongwe morago ga ga Keresete,<ref name=":1" /> mme go ne ga tlhamiwa motseletsele wa ditsela go ralala kgaolo yotlhe mo lekgolong le le latelang la dingwaga, mme tsa fitlha kwa setlhoeng kwa Lewatleng la India.<ref name=":6" /><ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&#x20;44.</ref> Bangwe ba batho ba Eiland ba ne ba fuduga go tswa kwa Aforika Borwa ya gompieno go tsena mo Botswana wa gompieno mo bogareng jwa ngwagakgolo wa bo lesome.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&#x20;64.</ref> Batho ba Toutswe, ba bangwe ba morafe wa Zhizo, ba ne ba fudugela kwa Botswana wa gompieno ka ngwagakgolo wa lesome le bongwe mme ba nna setlhopha se se nonofileng go gaisa mo kgaolong, ba bona khumo ya bona ka go nna le dikgomo.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFKlehm2021|Klehm 2021]], p.&#x20;13.</ref><ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&#x20;56.</ref> Go ne ga agiwa metse e meraro ya Ba-Toutswe kwa [[:en:Bosutswe|Bosutswe]], Sung, le [[:en:Toutswemogala|Toutswemogala]], mongwe le mongwe wa bone o ne o busa metse e mennye e e neng e e dikologile.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&#x20;57.</ref> Ka ngwagakgolo wa bo 12, Ba-Toutswe ba ne ba anametse kwa Sekakeng sa Kalahari.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&#x20;60.</ref> Boleng jwa ditlhagiswa bo ne jwa fetogafetoga fa kgwebisano e ntse e atolosiwa le ditšhaba di sele mme go ribololwa ga gauta go ne ga diragala, go fokotsa kgatlhego mo ditlhagisweng tsa sebilo le tsa diphologolo jaaka lonaka lwa tlou.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFDenbowThebe2006|Denbow &#x26; Thebe 2006]], pp.&#x20;27–28.</ref> Morafe mongwe kwa Tsodilo o ne o na le tlhotlheletso e kgolo mo kgwebong ya sebilo go fitlha e wa kwa bokhutlong jwa lekgolo la lesome le bobedi la dingwaga.<ref name=":7">[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFDenbowThebe2006|Denbow &#x26; Thebe 2006]], p.&#x20;27.</ref> Merafe e e kwa borwabotlhaba jwa Botswana e ne e le kgakala le ditiragalo tse mme e ne ya sala e sa amege thata.<ref name=":8">[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFDenbowThebe2006|Denbow &#x26; Thebe 2006]], p.&#x20;28.</ref> Baagisani ba Botswana wa gompieno ka ngwagakgolo wa lesome le bongwe le wa lesome le bobedi e ne e le batho ba [[:en:Leopard's_Kopje|Leopard's Kopje]] kwa botlhaba.<ref name=":9">[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFKlehm2021|Klehm 2021]], pp.&#x20;12–13.</ref> <ref name=":10">[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&#x20;61.</ref>Ba tlhomilwe la ntlha kwa [[:en:Bambandyanalo|Bambandyanalo]], ba ne ba nna batho ba bagolo mo kgwebong ya kgaolo mme ba fudugela kwa Mapungubwe kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwagakgolo wa lesome le bongwe kwa ba neng ba bopa [[:en:Kingdom_of_Mapungubwe|Bogosi jwa Mapungubwe]].<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], pp.&#x20;67–68.</ref> Ba ne ba bonela pele tlhotlheletso go ralala kgaolo fa gare ga ngwagakgolo wa lesome le bobedi.<ref name=":9" /><ref name=":10" /> Batho ba Okavango Delta le batho ba Tsodilo mme morago ba ne ba patelesega go tlogela mafelo a bone a bodulo mo nakong e, se se ka tswang se bakilwe ke gore ba ne ba kgaotswe mo ditseleng tse dikgolo tsa kgwebo. Ke batho ba Khoe fela ba ba neng ba nna mo lefelong leo.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou & Campbell 1997]], pp. 46, 81.</ref>Mapungubwe e ne ya wa ka ngwagakgolo wa lesome le boraro,<ref name=":11">[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFKlehm2021|Klehm 2021]], p.&#x20;14.</ref><ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&#x20;69.</ref> mme metse ya Toutswe, e e neng e kgaotswe mo kgwebong, e ne ya wa mo nako e le nngwe.<ref name=":10" />Batho ba Mambo ba ne ba nna go dikologa [[:en:Francistown|Francistown]] ya gompieno mme ba nna le tlhotlheletso mo tikologong ya nako e.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Batho ba segompieno ba Tswana, [[:en:Khalagari_people|Khalagari]], le [[:en:Sotho_people|Sotho]] ba simolotse go bopega kwa kgaolong ya Transvaal mo e ka nnang ka lekgolo la lesome le bobedi la dingwaga.<ref name=":12">[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&#x20;89.</ref> Ba-Khalagari ba ne ba fudugela kwa bophirima kwa lefelong le gompieno le bidiwang borwabotlhaba jwa Botswana.<ref name=":13">[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&#x20;96.</ref> Batho ba Fokeng le bone ba ne ba tlhagelela kwa bophirima ka ngwagakgolo wa lesome le bobedi,<ref name=":14">[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&#x20;93.</ref> mme batho ba Moloko ba ne ba tlhagelela ka ngwagakgolo wa lesome le boraro.<ref name=":12" /> Morafe wa tshimologo wa BaTswana, losika lwa bogosi lwa Phofu, o tlhodilwe kwa kgaolong ya Transvaal ka ngwagakgolo wa lesome le boraro ke Mogale. Mo makgolong a dingwaga a a latelang, e ne ya kgaogana go nna merafe e le mmalwa ya Batswana, go akaretsa le merafe ya Bahurutshe, [[:en:Kwena_people|Kwena]], [[:en:Ngwaketse_people|Ngwaketse]], [[:en:Ngwato_people|Ngwato]], Tlharo, le batho ba ba [[:en:Ngwato_people|Kgatla]].<ref name=":13" /> [[:en:Kingdom_of_Zimbabwe|Bogosi jwa Zimbabwe]] bo ne jwa tlhagelela mme jwa ema mo boemong jwa Mapungubwe e le maatla a kgaolo ka ngwagakgolo wa lesome le boraro fa batho ba Gumanye ba ne ba nna le tlhotlheletso mo toropong ya [[:en:Great_Zimbabwe|Great Zimbabwe]], e e neng ya kgona go laola kgwebisano gaufi thata ka lefatshe la yone le le botlhokwa le ditsompelo tsa yone le go nna gaufi le lebopo.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], pp.&#x20;77–78.</ref> Zimbabwe e ne e laola merafe e mentsi e e neng e le teng mo lefelong le gompieno le bidiwang bokonebotlhaba jwa Botswana,<ref name=":15">[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFDenbowThebe2006|Denbow &#x26; Thebe 2006]], p.&#x20;xvi.</ref> mme kgwebisano ya gauta e ne ya nna selo se se neng se tlhotlheletsa itsholelo ya kgaolo eo.<ref name=":11" /> Zimbabwe e ne e latlhegelwa ke tlhotlheletso kwa bokhutlong jwa lekgolo la lesome le bone la dingwaga, mme e ne ya wela mo bogareng jwa lekgolo la lesome le botlhano la dingwaga.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&#x20;87.</ref> Dinaga tse dingwe di le mmalwa di ne tsa tlhagelela morago ga go wa ga yone. [[:en:Kingdom_of_Butua|Bogosi jwa Butua]], jo bo neng jwa bopiwa ke [[:en:Kalanga_people|merafe ya Kalanga]], bo ne jwa tsaya maemo a Zimbabwe mo molelwaneng wa gompieno wa Botswana–Zimbabwe.<ref name=":11" /><ref name=":15" /><ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], pp.&#x20;98–100.</ref> Batho ba Tswana le [[:en:Pedi_people|Bapedi]] ba ne ba latela batho ba Khalagari kwa bophirima mo e ka nnang kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwagakgolo wa bo lesome le bone<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&#x20;95.</ref> mme [[:en:Rolong_people|batho ba Rolong]] ba ne ba kgaogana ka fa tlase ga puso ya ga Morolong.<ref name=":13" /> Kgosi Masilo go bolelwa fa a ne a busa merafe yotlhe ya bophirima jwa Tswana ka nako e, go fitlhela batho ba Tlharo ba kgaogana le puso ya gagwe. Morago ga moo go bolelwa fa lefelo le le ne le busiwa ke Malope kwa bokhutlong jwa lekgolo la lesome le botlhano la dingwaga.<ref name=":14" /> === Lekgolo la lesome le botlhano la dingwaga go fitlha ka lekgolo la lesome le borobabobedi la dingwaga === [[Setshwantsho:Campbell - Thlapingkaptein en sy vrou.png|thumb|Setshwantsho sa monna wa Motswana le mosadi wa gagwe mo tshimologong ya dingwaga tsa bo 1800]] Batho ba baTswana ba ne ba fuduga fa gare ga Botswana wa gompieno ka ba ne ba fudusiwa ke batho ba naga le batho ba mmuso wa ga mmamosadinyana go tswa kwa borwa,<ref name=":16">[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFLeith2005|Leith 2005]], p.&#x20;19.</ref> mme ba ne ba le teng go ralala Botswana wa gompieno ka ngwaga sekete le makgolo a le marataro.<ref name=":17">[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFHjort2009|Hjort 2009]], p.&#x20;703.</ref> Morafe wa ntlha wa BaTswana, losika lwa ga Phofu, lo ne lwa wela tlase kwa bokhutlong jwa lekgolo la lesome le botlhano la dingwaga.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&#x20;104.</ref> Diphudugo tse dikgolo tsa batho ba Kalanga le Sotho–Tswana di diragetse mo lekgolong la lesome le botlhano le la lesome le borataro la dingwaga.<ref name=":11" /> Batho ba ba Kalanga ba ne ba laola lefatshe le le fa gare ga [[:en:Motloutse_River|Noka ya Motloutse]] le [[:en:Makgadikgadi_Pan|Letsha la Makgadikgadi]] go fitlhela ka ngwagakgolo wa lesome le borobabobedi.<ref name=":7" /> Batho ba Hurutshe, Kgatla, le Kwena ba ne ba kgaogana le losika lwa segosi lwa ga Phofu kwa kgaolong ya Transvaal mo gare ga komelelo le dintwa tsa boswa, mme kgabagare ba fudugela kwa bokone go ya kwa Botswana wa gompieno.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFDenbowThebe2006|Denbow &#x26; Thebe 2006]], p.&#x20;10.</ref><ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&#x20;97.</ref> Batho ba Ngwaketse le ba Ngwato ba ne ba kgaogana le Bakwena ka ngwaga wa sekete le makgolo a matlhano le boraro.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&#x20;105.</ref> Batho bangwe ba kgaolo ba ne ba nna mo Motlheng wa Bofelo wa Leje go fitlha mo e ka nnang mo lekgolong la lesome le borataro la dingwaga.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&#x20;22.</ref> Batho ba Botswana wa gompieno ba simolodistse ditsela tse di telle tsa motsamao ko bokhutlong jwa ngwagakgolo ya lesome le bosupa, e tsamaelwa dikilometara tse makgolo go rekisa,go tsoma le go itsalanya le batho.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], pp.&#x20;108–109.</ref>Merafe e ne e kgona go kgaogana motlhofo abo e ipopa ka bongwe go tswa mo go ba bangwe ka gore dithoto tse dipotlana , le leruo tsa lefelo ne di kgona go tsmaisiwa motlhofo.<ref name=":17" /><ref name=":16" />Merafe ya botlhabatsatsi e ne e tshabellwa ke go kgaogana ka ntlha ya seele se se tona gareng ga toropo le ditshimo.<ref name=":18">[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFMorton2012|Morton 2012]], p.&#x20;392.</ref>Kgaogano gareng ga ditlhopa tsa baTswana e nnile mo gareng ga ngwagakgolong ya lesome le bosupa, e tlhalosa merafe ya segompieno.<ref name=":19">[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&#x20;106.</ref>Merafe ya baTswana ba botlhabatsatsi e ne e nna e le maikaelelo a dintwa tsa [[:en:Griqua_people|batho ba Griqua]].<ref name=":18" /> Fa batho ba baTswana ba tswa bokone go ya Botswana wa borwa-bophirima wa segompieno ka ngwagakgolo ya lesome le bosupa , ba ne ba nna mo metseng e e neng e nna batho ba Kgalagari, ba ba tshwaetsa kgotsa ba ba ntsha. Batho ba ba Kwena le merafe ya bone ya lekala ba ne ba fudugela kwa Botswana wa segompieno ka fa tlase ga taolo ya [[:en:Kgabo_II|Kgabo wa bobedi]] ba bo ba nna gaufi le motse wa [[:en:Molepolole|Molepolole]].<ref name=":19" />Go ya ka setso sa molomo, bapatole ba e leng batho ba Herero le Mbanderu ba ne ba kgaogana go tswa mo bathung ba Mbunda ka ngwagakgolo wa lesome le bosupa fa ntwa tsa leruo la batswana le ne le phatlalatsa ditlhopa.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFDenbowThebe2006|Denbow &#x26; Thebe 2006]], pp.&#x20;8–9.</ref> le batho ba Bayeyi ba ne ba fudugela kwa Okavango Delta go ya kwa nokeng ya Chobe ka ngwagakgolo ya lesome le borobabobedi.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFDenbowThebe2006|Denbow &#x26; Thebe 2006]], p.&#x20;8.</ref>Mo mafelong a mangwe, batho ba Kaa ba ne ba kgaogana go tswa mo bathong ba Rolong le batho ba Khurutse ba kgaogana le batho ba Bahurutshe, fa ditlhopa tsotlhe di fudugela kwa bokone.<ref name=":20">[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&#x20;107.</ref>Batho ba Bashaga ba ne ba kopana le batho ba Kgalagari ko bokhutlong jwa ngwagakgolo ya lesome le borobabobedi.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFTlouCampbell1997|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&#x20;110.</ref> State sa ntlha sa Tswana se tlhamilwe ke batho ba Ngwaketse bogareng jwa ngwagakgolo ya lesome le borobabobedi. Si state tse dingwe tsa Tswana di ne tsa tlhamiwa ka go latelana ke batho ba ba Kwena, batho ba Ngwato le batho ba ba Tawana mo dingwageng tse lesome tse nne di latela.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFRobinsonParsons2006|Robinson &#x26; Parsons 2006]], p.&#x20;113.</ref> Ka se go ne ga tla ditlhabololo tsa ''mophato (''bontsi ''mephato),'' mephato ya sesole e e rulagantsweng k a dingwaga tsa setlhopa, gareng ga batho ba Tswana ba bophirima mo dingwageng tsa sekete le makgolo a supa le masome a matlhano''.''<ref name=":21">[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFMorton2012|Morton 2012]], p.&#x20;386.</ref>Batho ba le babedi ba Kgatla , batho ba Kgafela le batho ba ba Tlokwa, ba tsene mo nakong e ba bo ba tsaa taolo mo tikologong ya [[:en:Pilanesberg|Pilanesberg]] mo Aforika Borewng wa segompieno. Ba ne ba laola ka thata bontsi jwa batho mo lefelong leo mme ebile ba fentse dintwa tse pedi le batho ba Fokeng.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFMorton2012|Morton 2012]], pp.&#x20;390–391.</ref>Tiriso ya mephato e ne ya phatlatsega kwa bathong ba Tswana ba kwa botlhaba kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwagakgolo.<ref name=":21" />E ne e sa amogelwa go phutologilwe mo borwa === Difaqane === [[:en:Difaqane|Difaqane]], nako ya dintwa le phuduso mo borwa jwa Aforika , e diragetse kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwagakgolo ya lesome le borobabobedi le tshimologo ya ngwagakgolo ya lesome le borobabongwe.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFKlehm2021|Klehm 2021]], p.&#x20;17.</ref> Mo nakong ye, batho ba baTswana ba ne ba le mo '''kgonegong''' ya dintwa ke ditlhopa di le dintsi ,di akaretsa [[:en:Northern_Ndebele_people|Ndebele]], ba [[:en:Kololo_people|Kololo]], ba [[:en:Ngoni_people|Ngoni]],<ref name=":8" /> ba Pedi, le ba [[:en:Voortrekker|Voortrekkers]].<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFMorton2012|Morton 2012]], p.&#x20;391.</ref>Bontsi jwa ditlhopa tsa ba Tswana di itlhopetse go boela morago ko ntlheng ga go lwa.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFMorton2012|Morton 2012]], p.&#x20;394.</ref>Sese ne sa trigger phudugo e e extensive e e ralalang lefelo, go baka gore morafe wa ba Tswana o phatlalale thata abo o simolodisa bolengteng jo bo nonofileng gareng ga territory ya Botswana wa segompieno.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFHillbomBolt2018|Hillbom &#x26; Bolt 2018]], p.&#x20;25.</ref>Ba ne ba nna thata mo [[:en:Hardveld|nageng e e thata]] e e dirang kgaolo ya botlhaba jwa Botswana wa gompieno.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFHillbomBolt2018|Hillbom &#x26; Bolt 2018]], p.&#x20;29.</ref> Batho ba Kwena le ba Ngwaketse ba ne ba fuduga go tswa kwa motseng wa [[:en:South_African_Republic|Transvaal]] go ya kwa ''lefelong la motlhaba''.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFKlehm2021|Klehm 2021]], p.&#x20;18.</ref> Batho ba ntlha wa Kgatla go nna mo Botswana wa gompieno, batho ba Mmanaana, o ne wa fuduga go tswa kwa Aforika Borwa mo tshimologong ya ngwagakgolo wa bo lesome le borobabongwe pele ga o nna kwa [[:en:Moshupa|Moshupa]] le [[:en:Thamaga|Thamaga]].<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFMatemba2003|Matemba 2003]], p.&#x20;53, 56.</ref> Ke fela bangwe ba merafe ya Tswana ya bokonebophirima ba ba neng ba bolokwa mo go fudugeng kgotsa mo go kgorelediweng.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFMorton2012|Morton 2012]], p.&#x20;393.</ref> Batho ba Kololo ba ne ba tlhasela merafe ya Tswana ya bokonebophirima ka ngwaga wa 1826, ba pateletsa BaKwena le BaNgwaketse go tswa mo dikgaolong tsa bona ka go farologana. Sebogo, molaodi wa morafe wa Ngwaketse, o ne a tsosa banna ba le dikete dile nne mo ''mephatong'' ya bone mme ba dikaganyetsa Dithubaruba kwa Bakololo ba neng ba nna teng. Ba bolaya batlhabani le baagi, ba kobela ruri Bakololo mo kgaolong.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFMorton2012|Morton 2012]], pp.&#x20;393–394.</ref> Merafe e ne ya tlhoma dinaga tsa yone gape ka dingwaga tsa bo 1840, ya tlhoma ditoropo le metsana e le mmalwa ya bogolo jo bo farologaneng.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFHillbomBolt2018|Hillbom &#x26; Bolt 2018]], p.&#x20;31.</ref><ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFHjort2009|Hjort 2009]], p.&#x20;693.</ref><ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFRobinsonParsons2006|Robinson &#x26; Parsons 2006]], p.&#x20;114.</ref> Puso e ne e ikaegile ka ''[[:en:Kgotla|kgotla]]'', kopano ya dipuisano e mo go yone kgosi kgotsa moeteledipele wa kgaolo a neng a utlwa matshwenyego a bontsi jwa baagi ba banna pele a tsaya ditshwetso.<ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFHjort2009|Hjort 2009]], p.&#x20;695.</ref><ref>[[:en:History_of_Botswana#CITEREFHolmMolutsi1992|Holm &#x26; Molutsi 1992]], p.&#x20;77.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 1880, batho ba Tswana le ba Khalagari ba ne ba dirile Botswana yotlhe ya gompieno dikolone.<ref name=":20" /> == Metswedi == 1jwb3voqjswzscoab65bzo5kmkw1p1k Go gweba ka mmele mo Botswana 0 14426 52562 52466 2026-07-16T05:50:11Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52562 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Go gweba ka mmele mo Botswana''' ga go letelelwe ka ga molaong, go gweba ka mmele mo Botswana molao o go kae jaaka tlhakatlhakano ya setšhaba, go kgarakgatshega le melao ya bodumedi e e amogetsweng ke puso e dirisiwa go sekisa diaka. <ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200729103225/http://spl.ids.ac.uk/sexworklaw/countries "Sex Work Law - Countries"]. ''Sexuality, Poverty and Law''. Retrieved 5 January 2018.</ref>Ditiro tse di amanang le seo jaaka go kopa batho madi le go nna le matlo a diaka ga di ka fa molaong. <ref name=":0" />Botswana e dirile ditshitshinyo tsa go dira boaka semolao go thibela go anama ga AIDS. <ref name=":1">Mooketsi, Lekopanye (23 June 2014). [http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=42169 "The sex hub of Gaborone".] ''The Monitor''. Retrieved 5 January 2018.</ref>Le fa go ntse jalo, Kereke ya Katoliki e ne ya nna kgatlhanong le yone thata. Boaka bo aname mme bo diragala mo mebileng, dibareng, dihotele, matlo a boaka le dikoloi tse di tsamayang sekgala se seleele.<ref name=":1" /> Go dirisa molao go bokoa, ga go dumalane e bile go tletse tlolomolao. Badiri ba tsa tlhakanelo dikobo ba bega tirisodikgoka ya ka gale le go gapa madi ke sepodisi.<ref>Mosikare, Lebogang (24 March 2016). [http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=58829&dir=2016/march/24 "Surviving on the proceeds of prostitution".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 5 January 2018.</ref>Mapodisi ka dinako tse dingwe a batla tlhakanelo dikobo kgotsa pipamolomo go tswa go diaka tsa batswakwa ka fa tlase ga matshosetsi a go lelekwa.[ Dikondomo di ntshiwa mahala kwa ditikwatikweng tsa boitekanelo, mme gantsi mapodisi a di tseela badiri ba tsa tlhakanelodikobo.<ref>[["Botswana mulls legalising prostitution to fight HIV"]]. ''BBC''. Retrieved 12 April 2012.</ref> Lefelo la mabenkele la Gaborone Bophirima le mebila e e le dikologileng, ke lefelo le legolo la boaka mo motsemoshate, Gaborone. Kgaolo ya Itekeng ya [[Francistown]] (e e itsegeng jaaka 'Doublers') ke lefelo le legolo la boaka mo toropong. Bontsi jwa diaka mo ditoropong ka bobedi ke ba Zimbabwe. <ref name=":1" />Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le boraro (2013), Lefapha la Botsogo la Botswana le ne la fopholetsa gore go na le badiri ba thobalano ba ba fetang 1 500 ba ba tswang kwa Zimbabwe mo nageng eo, segolo thata kwa [[Gaborone]], [[Francistown]] le [[Kasane]],[8] go tswa go palogotlhe ya diaka tse di ka nnang 4 000 mo dikgaolong tseo tse tharo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190404121947/http://www.aidsinfoonline.org/gam/stock/shared/dv/PivotData_2018_7_22_636678151733621264.htm "Sex workers: Population size estimate - Number, 2016".] ''www.aidsinfoonline.org''. UNAIDS. Archived from the original on 4 April 2019. Retrieved 21 July 2018.</ref> Le fa go ratana ka bongwe bo le bongwe fela bo kgethololwa mo lefatsheng, boaka jwa banna bo a oketsega mo Botswana, segolo thata kwa [[Gaborone]], [[Palapye]][[, Francistown,]] [[Maun]], Kasane le [[Kazungula, Botswana|Kazungula]]. <ref>Mmeso, Phillimon (29 March 2015). [https://web.archive.org/web/20200805170938/http://www.thepatriot.co.bw/lifestyle/item/846-male-prostitution-growing-in-botswana.html "Male prostitution growing in Botswana".] ''The Patriot on Sunday''. Retrieved 5 January 2018.</ref> == Seemo sa semolao == Dintlha tse di latelang tsa Molao wa Dikotlhao wa Botswana di dira gore boaka le ditiro tse di amanang le jone e nne tlolomolao, kgotsa di dirisiwa go dira gore boaka e nne tlolomolao: <ref>[http://www.wipo.int/edocs/lexdocs/laws/en/bw/bw012en.pdf "Penal Code"] (PDF). World Intellectual Property Organization. Retrieved 5 January 2018.</ref> * 90. Boitshwaro jo bo sa siamang jo bo dirang gore go nne le tlhakatlhakano * 136. Go tlhapatsa bodumedi jwa mofuta ope fela * 149. Dithoto * 150. Go dira gore motho a se ka a nna phepa ka go mo tshosetsa kgotsa go mo tsietsa kgotsa go mo naya diokobatsi * 153. Go tlhatlhelwa ga batho ka mabaka a a sa siamang * 155. Motho yo o tshelang ka madi a a bonwang ka go gweba ka mmele kgotsa yo o tswelelang a kopa batho go gweba ka mmele * 156. Motho yo o thusang, jalo le jalo go bona poelo, boaka * 157. Mafelo a a dirisediwang go gweba ka mmele * 158. Matlo a diaka * 176. Matshwenyego a a tlwaelegileng * 179. Batho ba ba sa direng sepe le ba ba senyang thulaganyo * 182. Disenyi le ba ba se nang magae * 184. Go anama ga bolwetse Karolo ya bo masome a matlhano le bosupa ya Molao wa Bana wa ngwaga dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe (2009) e dira gore e nne tlolomolao go rotloetsa, go pateletsa kgotsa go rotloetsa ngwana go tsenela boaka, go ya ka dingwaga tse pedi go ya go tse tlhano tsa kgolegelo le/kgotsa tefiso ya 50,000 pula ($4,685).<ref name=":2">[https://web.archive.org/web/20170703181139/https://www.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/countries/2017/271151.htm "Botswana 2017 Trafficking in Persons Report".] ''U.S. Department of State''. Archived from the original on 3 July 2017. Retrieved 5 January 2018</ref> Molao wa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014) o o kgatlhanong le go gweba ka batho o dira gore mefuta yotlhe ya go gweba ka batho e nne tlolomolao, o latela molao wa boditšhabatšhaba mme o dira gore go dirisa dikgoka, tsietso kgotsa pateletso ka maikaelelo a go dirisa batho ka tsela e e sa siamang e nne tlolomolao. <ref name=":2" /> Basadi ba ba ratang basadi ba ba akaretsang [[Resego Kgosidintsi]] ba ne ba rotloetsa gore go nne le molao o o letlelelang tiro ya tlhakanelo dikobo mo Botswana jaaka mokgwa wa go fokotsa sephiri le tirisodikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi.<ref>Charles, Thalefang (10 February 2020). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/legalise-sex-work-kgosidintsi/news "Legalise Sex Work - Kgosidintsi".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 26 February 2023.</ref> == HIV == Setlhogo sa konokono: [[HIV/AIDS mo Botswana]] Botswana e tlhasetswe ke nngwe ya ditlhaselo tse di maswe thata tsa HIV/AIDS mo lefatsheng. Palo ya bosetšhaba ya go anama ga HIV mo bagolong ba dingwaga tse di magareng ga lesome le botlhano go ya go masome a mane le borobabongwe ke 24.8%, e leng palo ya boraro e e kwa godimo mo lefatsheng, morago ga Lesotho le Eswatini.<ref name=":3">[http://www.avert.org/aids-botswana.htm "HIV & Aids in Botswana"]. AVERT International HIV & Aids Charity. Retrieved 15 January 2013.</ref>Badiri ba tsa tlhakanelodikobo ke setlhopha se se mo kotsing e kgolo. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bobedi (2012) go ne ga begwa gore badiri ba tsa tlhakanelo dikobo ba na le tshwaetso ya HIV ya 61.9%.<ref name=":3" /><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180722130109/http://www.aidsinfoonline.org/gam/stock/shared/vc/vcshare.html?id=d9c0ff12-f62c-44e7-8e2c-dbe736bbea30 "HIV prevalence amongst sex workers"]. ''www.aidsinfoonline.org''. UNAIDS. 2016. Archived from the original on 22 July 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2018.</ref> Badiri ba tsa tlhakanelodikobo ba bega gore bareki ba le bantsi ga ba rate go dirisa dikhontomo. Bangwe ba tla duela madi a a kwa godimo fa ba tlhakanela dikobo ba sa itisa, ba bangwe ba dirisa dikgoka.<ref name=":3" /> == Go gweba ka batho ka tsa tlhakanelodikobo == Bona gape: [[Go gweba ka batho mo Botswana]] Botswana ke lefelo le basadi le bana ba rekisediwang batho ba ba batlang go tlhakanela dikobo le bone, le ba ba tsenang mo go lone le ba ba yang kwa go lone. Baagi ba kwa Botswana ba ba leng mo kotsing e kgolo ya go rekisiwa ga batho ke basadi ba ba sa berekeng, batho ba ba humanegileng ba ba nnang kwa magaeng, badiri ba mo masimong le bana. Basetsana le basadi ba Botswana ba ka nna ba bo ba dirisiwa jaaka diaka mo nageng eo, go akaretsa le mo dibareng le ke bakgweetsi ba dilori mo ditseleng tse dikgolo. Basadi bangwe ba ka nna ba bo ba rekisiwa mo dinageng tsa bone kgotsa ba tsewa kwa dinageng tse di mabapi mme ba bo ba dirisiwa ka tsela e e sa siamang ka tsa tlhakanelodikobo. Bana ba ba tswang kwa Zimbabwe ba ba se nang makwalo ba ka nna ba bo ba le mo kotsing ya go rekisiwa kwa Botswana. Ga go ise go nne le patlisiso e e tseneletseng ya boditšhabatšhaba kgotsa ya selegae ya mekgwa ya go gweba ka batho mo nageng.<ref name=":4">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitution_in_Botswana#cite_note-state17-13]{{PD-notice}}</ref> Ofisi ya Lefapha la Merero ya Selegae ya United States ya go Lebelela le go Lwantsha go Rekisiwa ga Batho e baya Botswana mo maemong a Tier 2.<ref name=":4" /> == Metswedi == jz7g2you907jm1gwbeg74ggtk3e43v3 Maemelo a difofane a kwa Khwai 0 14448 52531 52511 2026-07-15T13:08:54Z JudithShe 9421 Ke baakantse tsebe ya maemelo a difofafane a kwa Khwai #Wikipedia25BW 52531 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Botswana location map.svg|thumb]] '''Maemelo a difofane a kwa Khwai''' (IATA: KHW, ICAO: FBKR)<ref>[https://www.google.com/maps/@-19.1487004,23.7870583,2602m/data=!3m1!1e3 Google Maps - Khwai River]</ref> ke maemelo a difofane a a direlang dikampa le mafelo a a dikologileng motse wa [[Khwai]] mo [[Botswana|Botswana.]]<ref>[http://www.gcmap.com/airport/KHW Airport information for Khwai River"] &#x2013; via Great Circle Mapper</ref> Tsela ya go fofa e dikilometara di le nne (2.5 mi) go tswa kwa kgorong e e kwa bokone ya [[Moremi Game Reserve]], le dimetara di le makgolo a supa (0.4 mi) go tswa go nngwe ya matamo a dikubu a [[noka ya Khwai]]. Lefelo leno le le sireleditsweng la diphologolo tsa naga le kwa ntlheng ya botlhaba jwa [[Makgobokgobo a Okavango|makgobokgobo a Okavango.]] == Bona gape == * [[Kgoro ya Difofane]] * [[Dipalamo mo Botswana]] * [[Maemelo a difofane mo Botswana]] == Metswedi == topeizhyyuxmzwc0uz7ojdqg1286qu1 Botsalano jwa lefatshe la Botswana le China 0 14451 52556 52514 2026-07-16T01:33:41Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52556 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Botswana China Locator 2.png|thumb]] '''Botsalano jwa Botswana le China''' ke botsalano jwa nako ya gompieno le jwa mo ditsong gareng ga mafatshe a [[Botswana]] le [[China|People's Republic of China]]. Botsalano bo simologile ka Firikgong a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le botlhano.<ref>[[:en:David_H._Shinn|Shinn, David H.]]; Eisenman, Joshua (2023). ''China's Relations with Africa: a New Era of Strategic Engagement''. New York: [[:en:Columbia_University_Press|Columbia University Press]]. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-231-21001-0|<bdi>978-0-231-21001-0</bdi>.]]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le lesome, ka nako ya go tlhomamisiwa dingwaga di le masome a mararo le botlhano tsa botsalano jwa mafatshe a, botsalano jwa one bo ne bo bonwa bo nonofile gape bo gola ka bofefo ke moemedi wa lefatshe la China kwa Botswana wa nako eo [[Liu Huanxing]].<ref name=":0">[https://www.mmegi.bw/artculture-review/street-horn-sponsors-star-studded-show/news Memories and blessings of China-Botswana relations] Mmegi.bw, 6 January 2010</ref> Lefatshe la Botswana le setse morago molao wa China o mongwefela o o rayang gore lefatshe la Botswana ga le tsalane le Republic of China ([[Taiwan]]). Morago ga thromo ya lefatshe ya kwa Sichuan ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi kwa China, puso ya Botswana e ne ya abela lefatshe leo sedikadike sa madi a [[Botswana pula|pula]].<ref name=":0" /> == Tlhabolo itsholelo == Go simolola ka dingwaga tsa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, le masome a robabobedi, botsalano jwa itsholelo le kgwebo bo ne jwa ya magoletsa gareng ga mafatshe a mabedi a. Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi, bokete jwa di tsa kgwebo gareng ga Botswana le China e ne e le didikadike di le makgolo a mararo le masome a marataro a di dolara tsa America. Go tswa ka Firikgong go tsena Phalane ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe, bokete bo ne bo ntse bo le mo didikadikeng di le lekgolo, masome a robabongwe le boraro mo sebakeng sa dikgwedi tse di lesome le ntswa gone go na le kwelo tlase e kgolo ya itsholelo.<ref name=":0" /> Ka Tlhakole ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe, matona a puso a China a ne a gwetlha lefatshe la Botswana go atolosa botsalano jwa itsholelo, bogolo jang mo mohameng wa tlhwatlhwa wa teemane ya Botswana, ba supa fa China e tlhoka diteemane fa mafatshe a mangwe a itsholelo e e kwa godimo a fokoditse go e tlhoka. === Thuso ya China ya madi a ditlhabololo === Fa e sale bokopano jwa ntlha jwa tirisanommogo ya China le [[Aferika|Aforika]] ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, puso ya China e isitse madi a ka nna didikadike di le lekgolo, masome a mabedi le borobabongwe tsa di dolara kwa Botswana go dirisiwa mo ditlhabololong. Mo mading ao otlhe, didikadike di le masome matlhano le bobedi fela di wela ka fa tlase ga OECD-DAC kgotsa thuso ya tlhabololo e e tlhomamisitsweng. Banka ya China ya Exim e ne ya thusa ka madi aa setseng go thusa Botswana go aga porojeke ya tsela ya Letlhakeng-Kang.<ref>Austin Strange, Bradley C. Parks, Michael J. Tierney, Andreas Fuchs, Axel Dreher, and Vijaya Ramachandran. 2013. China’s Development Finance to Africa: A Media-Based Approach to Data Collection. CGD Working Paper 323. Washington DC: Center for Global Development. https://web.archive.org/web/20180120070811/http://aiddata.org/projects?utf8=%E2%9C%93&search=&active_string%5B%5D=Active&country_name%5B%5D=Botswana&scope_names%5B%5D=Official+Finance{{Dead link|date=November 2018|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> Lefatshe la China le adimisitse lefatshe la Botswana madi a go aga porojeke ya seporo sa Mosetse-Kazungula, se se tlaa kopanyang seporo le [[Zambia]] ka [[borogo jwa Kazungula]].<ref name=":1">[https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/2163396/botswana-says-china-agreed-extend-loan-and-cancel-debt "Botswana says China agreed to extend loan and cancel debt".] Reuters. September 9, 2018.</ref> Ka Lwetse ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le borobabobedi, lefatshe la China le ne la boela morago sekoloto sa masome a robabobedi se se neng se kolotiwa ke Botswana.<ref name=":1" /> == Botsalano jwa itsholelo == Go kgona go godisa itsholelo, China e thusitse ka madi a diporojeke di le mmalwa tsa kago go ralala Botswana. Diporojeke tse di ne di le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ka Firikgong ngwaga wa dikete pedi le lesome, di akaretsa diporo, ditsela, dipatela le matlo a tlhwatlhwa e e kwa tlase.<ref name=":0" /> == Botsalano jwa ngwao == Lefatshe la China le thusitse go tlhama sekolo sa Confucius Institute kwa Mmadikolo wa Botswana, se se butseng ka Lwetse ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe. Sekolo se se rotloetsa ngwao ya China, ditso le puo kwa Mmadikolo. Palo e e golelang pele ya Batswana ba tsere maeto go ya China; ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano, Batswana ba le makgolo a mane ba ne ba etela lefatshe leo, fa ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi, ba le sekete le makgolo a mane ba dirile jalo.<ref name=":0" /> == Botsalano jwa polotiki == Lefatshe la Botswana le setse morago molao wa China o mongwefela. Le lemoga lefatshe la People's Republic of China e le yone fela puso ya China, Taiwan e le bontlha jo bo botlhokwa jwa kgaolo ya China, le ema nokeng maiteko otlhe a PRC a go nna seopo sengwe ga mafatshe. Le lemoga gape fa [[Hong Kong]], [[Xinjiang]] le [[Tibet]] e le dikgang tsa legae la China.<ref>[https://interactives.lowyinstitute.org/features/one-china-contest-to-define-taiwan/ "Five One-Chinas: The contest to define Taiwan".] ''Lowy Institute''. Retrieved 2026-07-15</ref> == Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe == * [[Botsalano jwa lefatshe la Botswana le mafatshe a mangwe]] * [[Botsalano jwa lefatshe la China le mafatshe a mangwe]] == Metswedi == 6xqv194ltongnn2mjy27lvrs2e3r6aw Badulasetilo ba Ntlo ya Dikgosi 0 14455 52526 2026-07-15T12:25:42Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Badulasetilo ba Ntlo ya Dikgosi #Wikipedia25BW 52526 wikitext text/x-wiki Ba ba latelang ke badulasetilo (batsamaisa dipuisano) ba [[Ntlo ya Dikgosi tsa Botswana|Ntlo ya Dikgosi,]] lekgotla le le gakololang [[puso ya Botswana]]:<ref>[https://www.parliament.gov.bw/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=222&Itemid=615 "Ntlo ya Dikgosi (2024 - 2029)".] ''parliament.gov.bw''. Parliament of Botswana. Retrieved 15 July 2026.</ref> {| class="wikitable" |+ !Leina !Ngwaga ya a le mo ofising !Ngwaga e a duleng mo ofising |- |[[Kgosi Katholo P. Ramokate]] |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabobedi |- |[[Kgosi Leapeetswe P. Khama]] |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabongwe |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabongwe |- |[[Seepapitso IV|Kgosi Seepapitso wa bone]] |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, le masome a supa |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le boraro |- |[[Kgosi Letsholathebe]] |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bone |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borataro |- |Kgosi Seepapitso wa bone |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bosupa |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe |- |Kgosi Monare Gaborone |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe |- |Kgosi Seepapitso wa bone |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bongwe |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le boraro |- |Kgosi Katholo P. Ramokate |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bone |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bone |- |Kgosi Sediegeng H. Kgamane |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le botlhano |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le botlhano |- |[[Seepapitso IV|Kgosi Seepapitso wa bone]] |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borataro |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le boobabobedi |- |[[Kgosi Tawana wa bobedi]] |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe |Ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bobedi |- |[[Kgosi Mosadi Seboko]] |Ngwaga wa dikete pedi le boraro |Ngwaga wa dikete pedi le boraro |- |[[Kgosi Oarabile N. Kalaben]] |Ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bone |Ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bone |- |[[Seepapitso IV|Kgosi Seepapitso wa bone]] |Ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano |Ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi |- |[[Kgosi Puso Gaborone]]<ref>The Botswana Gazette Tuesday 20 January 2009 Kgosi Gaborone Leads Ntlo ya Dikgosi</ref> |Firikgong a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe |Ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bone |- |[[Kgosi Malope wa bobedi]]<ref>[https://www.botswanaspeaks.gov.bw/article/58/blog-post.html "Members of the 5th Ntlo ya Dikgosi (2024 - 2029)".] ''botswanaspeaks.gov.bw''. National Assembly of Botswana. Retrieved 15 July 2026.</ref> |Ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bone |Go tsena gompieno |} == Metswedi == 8cfjjhas8zeawpqvugjwsl572x0jcdb Kgosi Malope wa bobedi 0 14456 52527 2026-07-15T12:36:54Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya ga Kgosi Malope wa bobedi #Wikipedia25BW 52527 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Kgosi Malope wa bobedi|Lefatshe=[[Botswana]]|honorific-prefix=Kgosi|term_start=Phalane a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le some le motso|predecessor=[[Seepapitso IV]]|father=[[Seepapitso IV]]|office=Kgosikgolo wa [[Bangwaketse]]|office1=Modulasetilo wa [[Ntlo ya Dikgosi]]|term_start1=Ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bone}} '''Malope wa bobedi''' ke [[Kgosi]] ya gompieno ya morafe wa [[Bangwaketse]]. O nnile Kgosi ka Phalane a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le motso, a tlhatlhama rraagwe ebong [[Seepapitso IV|Kgosi Seepapitso wa bone]].<ref>[https://www.sundaystandard.info/the-bangwaketse-are-back-as-kgosi-e-kgolo-takes-the-throne/ "The Bangwaketse are back as Kgosi e kgolo takes the throne!".] ''[[Sunday Standard]]''. 13 October 2011.</ref> Malope o nyetse mohumagadi [[Maseitsebi Motlomelo]] ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bobedi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20241031120916/https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/69577 "Kgosi Malope Weds".] ''[[:en:Daily_News_Botswana|Daily News Botswana]]''. Archived from [https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/69577 the original] on 31 October 2024.</ref> == Metswedi == 6q2cddm7v07u96eo52h0kh1dg7y9w3c Dinoka tsa Botswana 0 14457 52529 2026-07-15T12:53:20Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Dinoka tsa Botswana #Wikipedia25BW 52529 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Okavango River Basin map.png|thumb|mmepe o o supang dinoka tse ditona mo Botswana le metswedi ya tsone]] Tse di latelang ke '''dinoka tse di mo Botswana'''. Di rulagantswe ka dikgampu tse di tshelang kwa go tsone, ka metswedi e kwadilwe kwa tlase ga noka e e tshelang kwa go yone. == Lewatle la Atlantic == * [[Noka ya Molopo]] ** [[Noka ya Nossob]] ** [[Noka ya Moselebe]] == Lewatle la Indian == * [[Noka ya Zambezi]] ** [[Noka ya Cuando]] (Noka ya Chobe) (Noka ya Linyati) *** [[Noka ya Makwegana]] (e tshelwa ke noka ya Okavango ka nako ya merwalela) * [[Noka ya Limpopo]] ** [[Noka ya Shashe]] *** [[Noka ya Ramokgwebana]] *** [[Noka ya Tati]] * [[Noka ya Motloutse]] * [[Noka ya Lotsane]] * [[Noka ya Serorome]] * [[Noka ya Notwane]] ** [[Noka ya Metsimotlhabe]] * [[Noka ya Marico]] == Makgobokgobo a Okavango == * [[Noka ya Okavango]] ** [[Noka ya Ngamaseri]] * [[Noka ya Khwai]] * [[Noka ya Eiseb]] * [[Noka ya Khaudum]] == Makgadikgadi Pans == * [[Noka ya Boteti]] ** [[Noka ya Thamalakane]] * [[Noka ya Nata]] ** [[Noka ya Tutume]] * [[Noka ya Semowane]] * [[Noka ya Mosetse]] * [[Noka ya Lepashe]] * [[Noka ya Mosope]] == Sekaka sa Kalahari == * [[Noka ya Okwa]] == Metswedi == * [[United Nations General Assembly|United Nations]] nqd1c4pcuz2030s4aka8p547hcw06zs Noka ya Khwai 0 14458 52530 2026-07-15T13:04:26Z JudithShe 9421 ke ranotse tsebe ya Noka ya Khwai #Wikipedia25BW 52530 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Noka ya Khwai''' ke noka e e kwa bokone jwa Botswana. E simolola kwa [[Noka ya Okavango|nokeng ya Okavango]] e tlhama bontlha molelwane wa bokone wa [[Moremi Game Reserve]]. Gaufi le noka, kwa bokone jwa Moremi, ke motse wa Babugkakhwe wa [[Motse wa Khwai|Khwai]].<ref>McIntyre, Chris (2007). ''Botswana: Okavango Delta, Chobe, Northern Kalahari'' (2&nbsp;ed.). Bradt Travel Guides. ISBN&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/1-84162-166-8|<bdi>1-84162-166-8</bdi>.]]</ref> Lefelo le le na le [[maemelo a difofane a noka ya Khwai.]] == Metswedi == t3y6vn0m2x36rhkupcfrwfjxiksb8wn Botswana Railways 0 14459 52535 2026-07-15T14:13:21Z JudithShe 9421 Ke simolotse thanolo ya tsebe ya Botswana Railways #Wikipedia25BW 52535 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Botswana Railways''' (BR) ke seporo sa [[Botswana|Botswana.]] == Ditso == Botswana Railways (BR) e tlhamilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le bosupa fa puso ya Botswana e ne e reka dikgaolo tse di mo Botswana tsa seporo sa Zimbabwe (NRZ).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070927032614/http://www.jbic.go.jp/english/oec/post/1999/pdf/09.pdf "BR history"] (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2007.</ref> NRZ e ne e elaola mafaratlhatlha a seporo morago ga lefatshe la Botswana le sena go tsaya boipuso. Bagogi ba BR ba enngwe nokeng ke RITES Ltd ya India. == Metswedi == t8apkenna1agoq6qu62uteitbml5kxp 52586 52535 2026-07-16T11:35:39Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Botswana Railways #Wikipedia25BW 52586 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Botswana Railways''' (BR) ke seporo sa [[Botswana|Botswana.]] == Ditso == Botswana Railways (BR) e tlhamilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le bosupa fa [[puso ya Botswana]] e ne e reka dikgaolo tse di mo Botswana tsa seporo sa [[Zimbabwe]] (NRZ).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070927032614/http://www.jbic.go.jp/english/oec/post/1999/pdf/09.pdf "BR history"] (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2007.</ref> NRZ e ne e elaola mafaratlhatlha a seporo morago ga lefatshe la Botswana le sena go tsaya boipuso. Bagogi ba BR ba enngwe nokeng ke RITES Ltd ya India. Go bulwa ga seporo sa Beitbridge Bualwayo kwa Zimbabwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe go ne ga baka kwelo tlase e kgolo mo boketeng jwa dithoto tse di tsamaisiwang ka terena le dipoelo. Go tsibogela se, BR e ntse e akanyetsa go aga seporo se se tlhamaletseng go ya [[Zambia]] (Zambia Railways), se ralala lefatshe la Zimbabwe, go busetsa dipoelo mo tereneng. Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe kgwedi ya Tlhakole e le malatsi a le masome mabedi le bosupa, kitsiso e ne ya diriwa ka go emisa ditirelo tsotlhe tsa bapagami ba Botswana Railways.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131125015605/http://www.botswanarailways.co.bw/press/27feb09.html Tender Process"] (Press release). Botswana Railways. 27 February 2009. Archived from [https://www.botswanarailways.co.bw/press/27feb09.html the original] on 25 November 2013. Retrieved 16 July 2026.</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, diterena tsa bapagami tse di neng di laolwa ke National Railways of Zimbabwe (NRZ) di ne tsa tswelela ka go bereka go tswa Bulawayo go ya Lobatse di kgabaganya Plumtree, Francistown le Gaborone.<ref>[https://www.railwaysafrica.com/2009/09/zim-botswana-passengers-drop/ "ZIM-BOTSWANA PASSENGERS DROP".] Railways Africa. 20 September 2009. Retrieved 16 July 2026</ref> Ka Phalane ngwaga wa dikete pedi le lesome, BR e ne e aga lefelo la marekisetso gaufi le seteitshane sa Gaborone, ba supa fa ba le tsholofelo ya gore terena ya mesepele ya batho e tlaa boa, le ntswa ba BR ba ne ba sa kgone go ntsha dintlha dipe.<ref>[https://www.railwaysafrica.com/news/give-br-a-chance?p=blog/2010/11/give-br-a-chance/ "Give BR a chance".] Railways Africa. Retrieved 16 July 2026</ref> Ka Morule ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bone, Botswana Railways e ne ya itsise fa e tlaa reka dikoloi tse disha tsa bapagami le gore ditirelo tsa bapagami di tlaa boa ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le botlhano e ya fifing.<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150226160018/http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=47955 "Passenger train is coming back".] ''Mmegi Online''. 14 December 2014. Archived from the original on 26 February 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2026</ref> Ditirelo tsa bapagami fa gare ga Gaborone le Lobatse, di rekisiwa ka leina la BR Express, di ne tsa simolola ka Mopitlo ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le borataro.<ref>Mouwane, Tumelo (23 March 2016). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/new-improved-passenger-train-sets-off/news-85759 "New, improved passenger train sets off"]. ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> == Mafaratlhatlha == [[Setshwantsho:Botswana rail network map.svg|thumb|Mmepe wa mafaratlhatlha a diporo mo Botswana]] Mafaratlhatlha a Botswana Railways a na le seporo sa dikhilomothara di le makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe. Seporo se segolo se ralala kagolo ya borwa-botlhaba jwa Botswana go tswa [[Mahikeng]] kwa [[Aforika Borwa]] go ralala [[Lobatse]], [[Gaborone]], [[Mahalapye]], [[Palapye]] le [[Francistown]] go ya [[Plumtree]] [[Zimbabwe]]. Fa godimo ga foo, go na le ditsela di le tharo tse di fapogang mo go e: Go tswa Palapye go ya [[Morupule]], go tswa [[Serule]] go ya [[Selebi-Phikwe]], le go tswa Francistown go ya [[Sowa]]. * Seporo se segolo - dikhilomithara di le makgolo a marataro le masome a mane * Francistown go ya Sua Pan (e e fapogang) dikhilomithara di le lesome le borataro * Private Sidings - dikhilomithara di le masome a matlhano * Service Sidings - dikhilomithara di le masome a mabedi * Station Yards - dikhilomithara di le masome a mararo * Crossing Loops - dikhilomithara di le masome mabedi == Dithoto == === Diterena === Ka Morule ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bosupa * 8 GE UM22C tse di dirisang disele le motlakase, ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le bobedi * 20 EMD GT22LC-2 e e dirisang motlakase le disele, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borataro * 10 GE U15C e e dirisang disele le motlakase, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe * 8 EMD GT42AC e e dirisang disele le motlakase, ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bosupa === Theko ya dikoloi tsa bapagami le diterena === Ka Morule ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bone, Botswana Railways e ne ya itsise fa ba tlaa reka dikoli di le tharo tsa generatara, di le tlhano tse go robalwang mo go tsone, di le lesome le borobabobedi tsa bapagami ba itsholelo e e kwa tlase, di le tlhano tsa bapagami ba itsholelo e e fa godimo, dikoloi tsa thekiso ya dijo le koloi ya dithoto.<ref name=":0" /> == Ditirelo tsa bapagami == Ka Tlhakole ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le borataro, ditirelo tsotlhe tsa bapagami tse di diriwang ke ba Botswana Railways di emisitswe.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20260208201805/https://www.botswanarailways.co.bw/passenger "Passenger".] ''Botswana Railways''. Botswana Railways Offices. Archived from [https://www.botswanarailways.co.bw/passenger the original] on 8 February 2026. Retrieved 16 July 2016</ref> == Diporo tse di golaganyang le mafatshe a a mabapi == Diporo tsa Botswana di golagane le tsa Zimbabwe le Aforika Borwa, tsotlhe di dirisa tsela e nngwe fela. Ga go na seporo se se golaganang le Namibia, mme go na le se se ralalang Aforika Borwa le ntswa seporo sa motlakase se se golaganyang le Luderitz kwa Namibia go tsamaisa magala se ne se tshwanetse go bulwa ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro. Ka Phatwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le lesome, mafatshe a Mozambique le Botswana a ne a baya monwana tumalano ya go aga seporo sa dikhilomithara di le sekete le lekgolo go ralala Zimbabwe, go tsaya magala kwa Serule mo Botswana go a isa kwa maemelong a a mo metsing a a boteng kwa Mozambique. Seporo se sesha gareng ga Botswana le Zambia, se ralala Zimbabwe go ne ga seka ga dumalanwa le sone ke mookamedi wa Botswana Railways (BR) Andrew Lunga ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano. Seporo se ne se tshwanetse go ya borwa-bophirima go tswa Livingstone, se kgabagnaya Zambezi, se bo se tswelela go ya bokopanelong le diporo tsa BR tse di teng kwa Mosetse. Leano la ga Lunga le dule morago ga tatlhegelo e tona ya tsela ya BR morago ga go bulwa ga seporo sa Beitbridge-Bulaway, e morago bokete jwa BR bo neng jwa fokotsega go nna sedikadike se le sengwe ka ngwaga. Seporo se se akantsweng, Lunga o ne a supa, se tlaa dira ditsela tse dingwe tse di botlhokwa se amanya Aforika Borwa, Zambia le the Democratic Republic of Congo.<ref>[https://www.railwaysafrica.com/newsafrican/botswanaranews.html RailwaysAfrica<sup>&#x5B;</sup>]<sup>''perm''</sup></ref> == Ditshwantsho tsa diporo tsa Botswana == [[Setshwantsho:Botswana Rail Express train.jpg|left|thumb|Terena ya Botswana Railways kwa Francistown]] [[Setshwantsho:Botswana Rail Express train5.jpg|center|thumb|Terena ya dithoto kwa Francistown]] [[Setshwantsho:Botswana Railways (BR EXPRESS).jpg|left|thumb|Botswana Railways e supa tiro ya yone ka letsatsi la go ipelela ditlhaeletsanyo ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bosupa]] [[Setshwantsho:Blue Train in Notwane Bridge.jpg|center|thumb|Terena ya Botswana Railways e feta kwa borogong jwa Notwane kwa Gaborone, Botswana]] == Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe == * [[Dipalamo tsa lefatshe la Botswana]] * [[Lekgotla la babereki ba ba kopaneng ba Botswana Railways]] == Metswedi == 7s179wzohtyaiq2qjg937u8nwr6dg1u Maemelo a difofane a kwa Orapa 0 14460 52538 2026-07-15T16:44:20Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke ranotse tsebe ya Maemelo a difofane a kwa Orapa 52538 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maemelo a difofane a kwa Orapa'''<ref>[https://skyvector.com/airport/FBOR/Orapa-Airport SkyVector - Orapa]</ref> (IATA: ORP, ICAO: FBOR) ke boemelo jwa difofane jo bo direlang [[Orapa]], toropo ya Central District ya [[Botswana]]. Ke ya [[Debswana|Debswana,]] e e nang le moepo wa ditaemane wa Orapa.<ref>[http://www.gcmap.com/airport/ORP Airport information for Orapa Airport"] &#x2013; via Great Circle Mapper.</ref> Ga go na sefofane sepe se se rulagantsweng. O tshwanetse go kopa tetla ya go kotama kwa Debswana bobotlana diura di le masome a mane le borobabobedi pele ga o goroga. Orapa ke boemafofane jwa go tsena le go tswa mo ditirelong tse di tlwaelegileng fela. Bofaladi bo tshwanetse go tsamaisiwa ka boemafofane jwa boditšhabatšhaba jwa Botswana.<ref>cityweb.in. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141209103603/http://www.caab.co.bw/caab-content.php?cid=261 "caab botswana civil aviation botswana aeronautical navigation aircraft licensing botswana 09-12-13".] ''www.caab.co.bw''. Archived from the original on 9 December 2014. Retrieved 20 August 2018.</ref> Sebone sa [[Orapa]] se se sa laolesegeng (Ident: OR) se mo lebaleng.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180820140942/http://ourairports.com/navaids/OR/Orapa_NDB_BW/#lat=-21.268600463867188,lon=25.301300048828125,zoom=10,type=Satellite "Orapa NDB (OR) @ OurAirports".] ''ourairports.com''. Archived from the original on 20 August 2018. Retrieved 20 August 2018.</ref> == Bona gape == * [[Kgoro ya DifofaneDipalamo mo BotswanaDipalo tsa la maemelo a difofane a Botswana|Kgoro ya Difofane]] * [[Kgoro ya DifofaneDipalamo mo BotswanaDipalo tsa la maemelo a difofane a Botswana|Dipalamo mo Botswana]] * [[Kgoro ya DifofaneDipalamo mo BotswanaDipalo tsa la maemelo a difofane a Botswana|Dipalo tsa la maemelo a difofane a Botswana]] == Metswedi == 6s2dkyi1c4leulxhx5t0vt1vmo7d7o2 Maemelo a difofane a kwa Palapye 0 14461 52539 2026-07-15T16:54:29Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke ranotse tsebe ya Maemelo a difofane a kwa Palapye 52539 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maemelo a difofane a kwa Palapye''' <ref>[https://www.google.com/maps/@-22.5643671,27.137437,1685m/data=!3m1!1e3 Google Maps - Palapye]</ref>(IATA: QPH, ICAO: FBPY) ke boemelo jwa difofane jo bo diretsenng toropo ya [[Palapye]], kwa Central District mo [[Botswana]]. Tsela ya go fofa e kafa ntlheng ya borwabotlhaba jwa toropo.<ref>[http://www.gcmap.com/airport/QPH Airport information for Palapye Airport"] &#x2013; via Great Circle Mapper.</ref> == Bona gape == * [[Kgoro ya DifofaneDipalamo mo BotswanaDipala tsa maemelo a difofane a Botswana|Kgoro ya Difofane]] * [[Kgoro ya DifofaneDipalamo mo BotswanaDipala tsa maemelo a difofane a Botswana|Dipalamo mo Botswana]] * [[Kgoro ya DifofaneDipalamo mo BotswanaDipala tsa maemelo a difofane a Botswana|Dipala tsa maemelo a difofane a Botswana]] == Metswedi == sjz68tn5ta5am09phm6q74khx3hcq06 Maemelo a difofane a kwa Pandamatenga 0 14462 52540 2026-07-15T17:07:31Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke ranotse tsebe ya Maemelo a difofane a kwa Pandamatenga 52540 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maemelo a difofane a kwa Pandamatenga'''<ref>[http://aerobaticsweb.org/cgi-bin/search_apt?FBPA Airport record for Pandamatenga Airport at Landings.com.] Retrieved 2013-08-21</ref> (ICAO: FBPA) ke boemelo jwa difofane jo bo kwa [[Pandamatenga]], toropo e e kwa Kgaolong ya Bokone-Bophirima jwa Botswana.<ref>[https://maps.google.com/maps?ht=en&z=13&t=k&q=-18.5313888888889,25.6519722222222+%28Pandamatenga+Airport%29 "location of Pandamatenga Airport"] (Map). ''Google Maps''. Retrieved 21 August 2013.</ref> Pandamatenga e mo molelwaneng wa [[Botswana]] le [[Zimbabwe]].<ref>[http://www.gcmap.com/airport/FBPA Airport information for Pandamatenga Airport"] &#x2013; via Great Circle Mapper.</ref> == Bona gape == * [[Kgoro ya DifofaneDipalamo mo BotswanaDipalo tsa lmaemelo a difofane a Botswana|Kgoro ya Difofane]] * [[Kgoro ya DifofaneDipalamo mo BotswanaDipalo tsa lmaemelo a difofane a Botswana|Dipalamo mo Botswana]] * [[Kgoro ya DifofaneDipalamo mo BotswanaDipalo tsa lmaemelo a difofane a Botswana|Dipalo tsa lmaemelo a difofane a Botswana]] == Metswedi == dfbmxqt0dd13cy8zz5l9krilj5ew1w2 Maemelo a difofane a kwa Seronga 0 14463 52544 2026-07-15T18:42:55Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke ranotse tsebe ya Maemelo a difofane a kwa Seronga 52544 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maemelo a difofane a kwa Seronga''' <ref>[https://www.google.com/maps/@-18.8223218,22.4209508,1196m/data=!3m1!1e3 Google Maps - Seronga]</ref>(ICAO: FB71) ke boemelo jwa difofane jo bo diretswe motse wa [[Seronga]] mo Kgaolong ya [[Bokone Bophirima|Bokone-Bophirima]] jwa [[Botswana]]. Tsela ya go fofa e e tshwailweng sentle e kwa ntlheng e e kwa bokone ya [[Okavango Delta.]]<ref>O[[urAirports - Seronga]]</ref> == Bona gape == * [[Kgoro ya DifofaneDipalamo mo BotswanaDipala tsa maemo a difofane a Botswana|Kgoro ya Difofane]] * [[Kgoro ya DifofaneDipalamo mo BotswanaDipala tsa maemo a difofane a Botswana|Dipalamo mo Botswana]] * [[Kgoro ya DifofaneDipalamo mo BotswanaDipala tsa maemo a difofane a Botswana|Dipala tsa maemo a difofane a Botswana]] == Metswedi == m64ue9me49iin2h6i7ywlfl5335je67 Lebala la difofane la kwa Shakawe 0 14464 52546 2026-07-15T18:53:27Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke ranotse tsebe ya Lebala la difofane la kwa Shakawe 52546 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lebala la difofane la kwa Shakawe'''<ref>[http://www.gcmap.com/airport/SWX Airport information for Shakawe Airport"] &#x2013; via Great Circle Mapper.</ref>(IATA: SWX, ICAO: FBSW) ke boemelo jwa difofane jo bo kwa [[Shakawe]], motse o o mo Kgaolong ya [[Bokone Bophirima|Bokone-Bophirima]] jwa [[Botswana|Botswana.]] Ke kgoro e e isang kwa karolong e e kwa bokone ya Okavango Delta le kwa lefelong la Linyati. Go na le difofane tse di yang kwa lebaleng leno la difofane. Ke ya Lefapha la Difofane.<ref>[http://www.caab.co.bw/caab-content.php?cid=261 Airports: Shakawe Aerodrome]</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Shakawe Airport (2019).jpg|thumb|Lebala la difofane la kwa Shakawe]] == Bona gape == * [[Kgoro ya DifofaneDipalamo mo BotswanaDipalo tsa maemelo a difofane a Botswana|Kgoro ya Difofane]] * [[Kgoro ya DifofaneDipalamo mo BotswanaDipalo tsa maemelo a difofane a Botswana|Dipalamo mo Botswana]] * [[Kgoro ya DifofaneDipalamo mo BotswanaDipalo tsa maemelo a difofane a Botswana|Dipalo tsa maemelo a difofane a Botswana]] == Metswedi == suys6c6d91ma56i3glw0eu0nzt2824z Lebala la difofane la kwa Thebephatshwa 0 14465 52547 2026-07-15T19:05:20Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke ranotse tsebe ya Lebala la difofane la kwa Thebephatshwa 52547 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lebala la difofane la kwa Thebephatshwa''' <ref>[http://aerobaticsweb.org/cgi-bin/search_apt?FBTP Airport record for Thebephatshwa Airport at Landings.com.] Retrieved 2013-09-02</ref>(ICAO: FBTP) ke boemelo jwa difofane jo bo kwa [[Molepolole]], mo Kgaolong ya [[Kweneng]] ya [[Botswana]]. Lebala le la difofane le dikilometara di le masome a mabedi le bone kwa bokonebophirima jwa [[Molepolole]].<ref>[https://maps.google.com/maps?ht=en&z=13&t=k&q=-24.2210555555556,25.3469722222222+%28Thebephatshwa+Airport%29 location of Thebephatshwa Airport"] (Map). ''Google Maps''. Retrieved 2 September 2013.</ref> == Lefelo la Difofane la Maparangwane == Lefelo le legolo le na le lefelo la difofane le dihelikopotara le le kwa ntlheng ya bokone-botlhaba jwa tsela ya go fofa.<ref>[http://www.gcmap.com/airport/FBTP Airport information for Thebephatshwa"] &#x2013; via Great Circle Mapper.</ref> Boemafofane gape bo direla jaaka nngwe ya ditikwatikwe tsa difofane tse tharo tsa [[Botswana Defence Force Air Wing.]] Bothibelelo jwa sefofane ke legae la: * Setlhopha sa Dipalangwa sa Z1 * Setlhopha sa Katiso sa Z7 * Setlhopha sa Dipalangwa sa Z10 * Z21 Transport/Helicopter Squadron * Z23 Transport/Helicopter Squadron * Z28 Fighter Squadron Lefelo la sesole sa difofane gape ke legae la Thebephatshwa Airbase Hospital, le mafelo a mabedi a go palama dihelikopotara. == Bona gape == * [[Kgoro ya DifofaneDipalamo mo BotswanaLenaane la maemafofane a Botswana|Kgoro ya Difofane]] * [[Kgoro ya DifofaneDipalamo mo BotswanaLenaane la maemafofane a Botswana|Dipalamo mo Botswana]] * [[Kgoro ya DifofaneDipalamo mo BotswanaLenaane la maemafofane a Botswana|Lenaane la maemafofane a Botswana]] == Metswedi == 51huvrxtr8sibcsoykoj0qanjeqqzql 52571 52547 2026-07-16T08:48:48Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52571 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lebala la difofane la kwa Thebephatshwa''' <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150623233818/http://aerobaticsweb.org/cgi-bin/search_apt?FBTP Airport record for Thebephatshwa Airport at Landings.com.] Retrieved 2013-09-02</ref>(ICAO: FBTP) ke boemelo jwa difofane jo bo kwa [[Molepolole]], mo Kgaolong ya [[Kweneng]] ya [[Botswana]]. Lebala le la difofane le dikilometara di le masome a mabedi le bone kwa bokonebophirima jwa [[Molepolole]].<ref>[https://maps.google.com/maps?ht=en&z=13&t=k&q=-24.2210555555556,25.3469722222222+%28Thebephatshwa+Airport%29 location of Thebephatshwa Airport"] (Map). ''Google Maps''. Retrieved 2 September 2013.</ref> == Lefelo la Difofane la Maparangwane == Lefelo le legolo le na le lefelo la difofane le dihelikopotara le le kwa ntlheng ya bokone-botlhaba jwa tsela ya go fofa.<ref>[http://www.gcmap.com/airport/FBTP Airport information for Thebephatshwa"] &#x2013; via Great Circle Mapper.</ref> Boemafofane gape bo direla jaaka nngwe ya ditikwatikwe tsa difofane tse tharo tsa [[Botswana Defence Force Air Wing.]] Bothibelelo jwa sefofane ke legae la: * Setlhopha sa Dipalangwa sa Z1 * Setlhopha sa Katiso sa Z7 * Setlhopha sa Dipalangwa sa Z10 * Z21 Transport/Helicopter Squadron * Z23 Transport/Helicopter Squadron * Z28 Fighter Squadron Lefelo la sesole sa difofane gape ke legae la Thebephatshwa Airbase Hospital, le mafelo a mabedi a go palama dihelikopotara. == Bona gape == * [[Kgoro ya DifofaneDipalamo mo BotswanaLenaane la maemafofane a Botswana|Kgoro ya Difofane]] * [[Kgoro ya DifofaneDipalamo mo BotswanaLenaane la maemafofane a Botswana|Dipalamo mo Botswana]] * [[Kgoro ya DifofaneDipalamo mo BotswanaLenaane la maemafofane a Botswana|Lenaane la maemafofane a Botswana]] == Metswedi == rmkcoif3562delrw1dawplepqyfhpbs Lebala la difofane la kwa Tshabong 0 14466 52548 2026-07-15T19:16:56Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke ranotse tsebe ya Lebala la difofane la kwa Tshabong 52548 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lebala la difofane la kwa Tshabong'''(IATA: TBY, ICAO: FBTS), ke boemafofane jo bo ko [[Tsabong]], toropo ya Kgalagadi District ya [[Botswana]].<ref>[http://www.gcmap.com/airport/TBY Airport information for Tshabong Airport"] &#x2013; via Great Circle Mapper.</ref> == Bona gape == * [[Kgoro ya DifofaneDipalamo mo BotswanaLenaane la maemafofane a Botswana|Kgoro ya Difofane]] * [[Kgoro ya DifofaneDipalamo mo BotswanaLenaane la maemafofane a Botswana|Dipalamo mo Botswana]] * [[Kgoro ya DifofaneDipalamo mo BotswanaLenaane la maemafofane a Botswana|Lenaane la maemafofane a Botswana]] == Metswedi == m48v4hneorbpbamywhhc0elld3u89kl Lebala la difofane la kwa Tuli Lodge 0 14467 52549 2026-07-15T19:31:25Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke ranotse tsebe ya Lebala la difofane la kwa Tuli Lodge 52549 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lebala la difofane la kwa Tuli Lodge'''<ref>[http://www.gcmap.com/airport/TLD Airport information for Tuli Lodge"] &#x2013; via Great Circle Mapper.</ref>(IATA: TLD, ICAO: FBTL) ke boemelo jwa difofane jo bo ko [[Northern Tuli Game Reserve]], e leng lefelo la setšhaba le la ikemetseng ka nosi le le sireleditseng diphologolo tsa naga kwa botlhaba jwa [[Botswana]].<ref>[https://www.google.com/maps/@-22.1924238,29.1314951,2472m/data=!3m1!1e3 Google Maps - Limpopo Valley Airport]</ref> Boemafofane ke jwa [[Mashatu Game Reserve]] ka khoutu ya ICAO ya FBLV.<ref>[https://skyvector.com/airport/FBLV/Limpopo-Valley-Airport FBLV - Limpopo Valley Airport | SkyVector".] ''skyvector.com''. Retrieved 20 August 2018.</ref> Tsela ya go fofa e dikilometara di le pedi le sephato ( 2,5) kwa bokone jwa Pont Drift, e leng lefelo le le kwa molelwaneng mo Nokeng ya Limpopo, e e leng molelwane magareng ga [[Botswana]] le [[Aforika Borwa|Aforika Borwa.]] == Bona gape == * [[Kgoro ya DifofaneDipalamo mo BotswanaLenaane la maemafofane a Botswana|Kgoro ya Difofane]] * [[Kgoro ya DifofaneDipalamo mo BotswanaLenaane la maemafofane a Botswana|Dipalamo mo Botswana]] * [[Kgoro ya DifofaneDipalamo mo BotswanaLenaane la maemafofane a Botswana|Lenaane la maemafofane a Botswana]] == Metswedi == bg43h34g7hjelqiv28zbgrvz3ri7nqy Dikwalo tsa lefatshe la Botswana 0 14468 52551 2026-07-15T22:23:54Z Khumo Batolomi 11767 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1344280937|Literature of Botswana]]" 52551 wikitext text/x-wiki Bontsi jwa dikwalo mo Botswana di kwadilwe ka Sekgoa, mme bontsi jwa dibuka di gatisitswe ka [[Setswana]] fa bonnye bo gatisitswe ka dipuo tse dingwe tsa mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dikgwetlho tsa itsholelo di lekanyetsa go dirwa mo go golwane ga dikwalo mo Botswana , ka gantsi banni ba lefatshe ba sa bone dibuka gape fela bakwadi ba dira madi a mannye, bogolo jang ka dikwalo tse e seng tsa Sekgoa. Mainane sale a ntse a le teng a buiwa ka molomo go tloga bogologolo tala, mme maboko a pako a ne a nna tsela e e tlwaelesegileng ya go gopola botshelo jwa motho le tse a di fitlheletseng. Go goroga ga bareri/baruti ba Yuropa mo lekgolong la bolesome le boferabongwe la dingwaga go ne ga tlisa diphetogo mo dikwalong mo Botswana wa gompieno. Robert Moffat o ne a simolodisa mokwalo o o tlhomamisitsweng wa Setswana ka ngwaga wa 1826 fa a ne a ranolela dikwalo di le mmalwa tsa Sekeresete le thanodi mo puong e. Batlhotlhomisi le batswakwa ba ne ba kwala dibuka tse dintsi tsa maeto ka kgaolo e go ralala lekgolo la dingwaga. Metswedi ya dikgang e ne ya simolodisiwa go ela kwa bokhutlong jwa lekgolo la bolesome le boferabongwe la dingwaga jaaka go ne go anamisiwa makwalo a dikgang a Sekeresete. Go tlhongwa ga [[Pius XII College]] ka 1945 go ne ga letla puso ya bokoloniale ya Borithane go simolodisa dikwalo tsa puo ya Sekgoa mo setšhabeng sa Botswana, mme se sa simolola ngangisano ya sennela ruri ka ga seabe sa dikwalo tsa Sekgoa fa di bapisiwa le tsa dipuo tse di tlholegang mo Botswana. Dipampiri tsa dikgang di le dintsi di simolotse go gatisiwa fa lefatshe la Botswana le ya kwa boipusong ka dingwaga tsa bo1960. Morago ga go bona boipuso, Botswana o ne a nna leloko la Tumalano ya Berne ka go amogela Molao wa Ditshwanelo tsa Bokwadi wa Borithane wa 1956 . [[Bessie Head]] e ne ya nna ene mokwadi wa ntlha [[Botswana|wa Motswana]] yo o lemogiwang kwa mo mafatsheng a sele mo bogareng jwa ngwagakgolo ya bomasome a le mabedi, mme a latelwa ke [[Unity Dow]] kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwagakgolo yone yeo. Bakwadi ba ka bobedi ba dirisitse dibuka tsa bona go akgela ka ditshwanelo tsa basadi le seabe sa basadi mo Aforika. Bakwadi ba bangwe, jaaka [[Andrew Sesinyi]], [[Galesiti Baruti]], le [[Mositi Torontle]], ba ne ba sekaseka kgotlhang magareng ga mekgwa ya setso le ya segompieno morago ga gore Botswana a bone boipuso. Dipadi di le mmalwa tsa batswa-kwa di beile ditiragalo tsa tsone mo lefelong la Botswana, di le tlhagisa e le sekgwa se se senang sepe mo [[Sekaka sa Kalahari|Sekakeng sa Kalahari]] kgotsa jaaka tsela ya gore batho basweu ba bone bokao mo lefelong le le sha. ''The No. 1 Ladies' Detective Agency'' ya ga Alexander McCall Smith e tlhalosa setšhaba sa Botswana ka tsela e e tseneletseng mme e ile ya nna le karolo e e botlhokwa mo setshwantshong sa Botswana mo Mafatsheng a Bophirima . 17kl1qr774izniseqylxp800m8kwcnk Lebala la difofane la Xugana 0 14469 52568 2026-07-16T08:00:52Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke ranotse tsebe ya Lebala la difofane la Xugana 52568 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lebala la difofane la Xugana'''<ref>[http://www.gcmap.com/airport/FBXG Airport information for Xugana Airport"] &#x2013; via Great Circle Mapper</ref> (ICAO: FBXG) ke boemelo jwa difofane jo bo ko [[Xugana]] Island Lodge,<ref>[http://www.okavangodelta.com/accommodation/desert-delta-safaris/xugana-island-lodge/ Xugana Island Lodge - Okavango Delta"]. ''www.okavangodelta.com''. Retrieved 20 August 2018.</ref>efelo la boikhutso la safari kwa [[Okavango Delta]] ya [[Botswana]]. == Bona gape == * [[Kgoro ya DifofaneDipalamo mo BotswanaDipalo tsa maemelo a difofane a Botswana|Kgoro ya Difofane]] * [[Kgoro ya DifofaneDipalamo mo BotswanaDipalo tsa maemelo a difofane a Botswana|Dipalamo mo Botswana]] * [[Kgoro ya DifofaneDipalamo mo BotswanaDipalo tsa maemelo a difofane a Botswana|Dipalo tsa maemelo a difofane a Botswana]] == Metswedi == rkr44yagsa9s7t5bl9l1k4gupp2souu Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2014 (Botswana) 0 14470 52582 2026-07-16T10:44:27Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2014 (Botswana) 52582 wikitext text/x-wiki Go ne ga tshwarwa '''ditlhopho tsa kakaretso mo lefatsheng la Botswana ka kgwedi ya Phalane e le masome mabedi le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bone'''.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140907172040/http://www.afriquejet.com/en/southern-africa/10772-politics-khama-dissolves-parliament-fixes-2014-election-date.html "Khama dissolves parliament, fixes 2014 election date".] ''afriquejet.com''. 7 August 2014. Archived from [http://www.afriquejet.com/en/southern-africa/10772-politics-khama-dissolves-parliament-fixes-2014-election-date.html the original] on 7 September 2014. Retrieved 16 July 2026</ref> Maduo a tsone e ne ya na phenyo ya lesome le motso ya phathi ya [[Botswana Democratic Party]], e e fentseng ditilo di le masome a mararo le bosupa mo go tse di masome matlhano le bosupa tse di neng di emetse ditlhopho. Tautona wa nako eo [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian khama]] o ne a tlhomamisiwa semmuso go busa mo legatong la bobedi ka Phalane a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20141202163415/http://www.news24.com/Africa/News/Botswanas-Khama-sworn-in-for-2nd-term-20141028 "Botswana's Khama sworn in for 2nd term"], AFP, 28 October 2014.</ref> Pele ga dilthopho go ne ga nna le kwelo tlase ya itsholelo mo lefatsheng leo, e le ka ntlha ya kwelo tlase e kgolo ya lefatshe ka bophara. Fa godimo ga foo, go ne ga nna le dikgotlhang tse dintsi tsa selegae, di akaretsa ngalo ditiro e e tsereng sebaka ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le motso e le fa gare, e e neng e tlhotlheleditswe ke lekgotla la babereki ba puso (BOFEPUSU).<ref>[https://www.eiu.com/n/ "Public-sector workers begin large-scale strike action".] ''Economist Intelligence Unit''. 2 May 2011. Retrieved 16 July 2026</ref> Ian Khama o ne a kgalelwa ka fa a neng a tshwara dikgang tse ka teng, dikgotlhang mo phathing e e neng e busa ya Botswana Democratic Party (BDP) tsa oketsega. Ka ntlha ya se, lekgamu la kgololesego la phathi e, le le neng le le kgatlhanong le boeteledipele jwa ga Khama, le ne la tswa mo phathing ya BDP la ya kwa go ya [[Botswana Movement for Democracy]] (BMD) ka fa tlase ga boeteledipele jwa ga [[Gomolemo Motswaledi]].<ref>Bungu, Jerry (29 May 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20110416212446/http://www.businessweek.com/news/2010-05-29/botswana-breakaway-party-launched-in-split-with-khama-update1-.html "Botswana Breakaway Party Launched in Split With Khama (Update1)".] [[:en:Bloomberg_Businessweek|''Bloomberg Businessweek''.]] Archived from [https://www.bloomberg.com/businessweek the original] on 16 April 2011. Retrieved 16 July 2026</ref> == Tse di diragetseng pele == Ka ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe, phathi ya Botswana Democratic Party e ne ya fenya ka ditilo di le masome a mane le botlhano mo go tse di masome matlhano le bosupa, se se netefatsa gore Ian Khama o tlhophiwa go nna tautona mo magatong otlhe a mabedi. Phenyo e nnile le ntswa ba kganetso ba ne ba kgaogane ka diphathi tsa [[Botswana National Front]] (BNF) le [[Botswana Congress Party]] (BCP), se se neng sa thatafatsa phenyo ya ba kganetso ke ka phathi ya BNF e ne e na le dikgotlhang. Fa di tsibogela poelo morago e, diphathi tsa kganetso di ne tsa ipaakanya mo go tseneletseng. Moeteledipele wa BNF [[Otsweletse Moupo]] o ne a ithola marapo ka Phukwi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le lesome, [[Duma Boko]] a mo tlhatlhama. [[Gilson Saleshando]], le ene o ne a ithola marapo mo boeteledipele jwa BCP, a sutela morwae [[Dumelang Saleshando]], o a berekileng e le mopalamente wa [[Gaborone]] legare. Le ntswa Khama a ne a kgona go etelelapele, ka ngwga wa dikete pedi le lesome, go nna teng ga makgamu go ne ga oketsega, mo go neng ga felela go baka gore lekgamu le le bonalang la phathi le le neng le eteletswe pele ke Gomolemo Motswaledi le tswe mo phathing go tlhama Botswana Movement for Democracy (BMD).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110416212446/http://www.businessweek.com/news/2010-05-29/botswana-breakaway-party-launched-in-split-with-khama-update1-.html "Botswana Breakaway Party Launched in Split With Khama (Update1)".] Bloomberg Businessweek. 29 May 2010. Archived from [https://www.bloomberg.com/businessweek the original] on 16 April 2011. Retrieved 16 July 2026</ref> Se e ne ya nna kgaogano ya ntlha e kgolo mo phathing ya BDP mo dingwageng di feta masome a matlhano. Go tswa mo BDP go ya BMD ga mapalamente go ne ga letla [[Botsalo Ntuane]] go nna moeteledipele wa diphathi tsa kganetso kwa palamenteng, e le lantlha mo dingwageng di le masome mane phathi e sele kwa ntle ga ya BNF e nna mo maemong ao.<ref>[https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/68042 "KEORAPETSE NEW LOO".] ''dailynews.gov.bw''. Retrieved 16 July 2026</ref> Legato la ntlha la ga Khama le ne la nna le dikgwetlho tse di bonalang tsa madi.<ref name=":0">[https://www.eisa.org/pdf/JAE18.2Makgala.pdf THE MANIFESTO EXPERIMENT AND INTERNAL ELECTIONEERING IN THE BOTSWANA DEMOCRATIC PARTY]</ref> Kwelo tlase ya itsholelo ya lefatshe ka bophara, go simologa ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe, e ne ya nna le seabe se setona mo itsholelong ya Botswana. Le ntswa lefatshe le le ne la kgona go itshegtsa fa le tshwantshanngwa le a mangwe mo kgaolong, matshelo a batho a ne a wela tlase, se sa nna kwa godimo thata kwa ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le motso. Mohama wa puso o o nonofileng wa lefatshe leo, o o ikaegileng thata ka thekiso ya diteemane, o ne wa itemogela kwelo tlase ya ba ba batlang go reka diteemane. Go ya godimo ga ditlhwatlhwa, mo go neng go le mo palong ya bosupa mo lekgolong dingwaga di le dintsi, go ne ga oketsega go nna lesome le bobedi mo lekgolong ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe. Fa e tsiboga, puso ya Khama e ne ya dira melao e e gagametseng e engw nokeng ke ba World Bank le International Monetary Fund (IMF). Melao e, e ne e akaretsa go emisa koketso dituelo le go fokotsa palo ya babereki ba puso, mo go neng ga baka go oketsega ga letlhoko la ditiro.<ref name=":1">[http://www.psiru.org/node/16057.html "Botswana - Historic public workers strike".] July 2011.</ref> Lefatshe la Botswana le ne la itemogela dingwaga di le tharo tse di tlhomaganeng go sena koketso dituelo mo pusong, le ntswa ditlhwatlhwa di ne di tsweletse ka go oketsega gabedi ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe, di ama nonofo ya theko ya babereki ka bontsi. Ditiragalo tse disha tse di ne tsa baka kwelo tlase ya batho ba ba neng ba rata BDP, mme tsa tsosolosa batsaya karolo ba ba neng ba ntse ba tlodisiwa matlho, ba tshwana le matsholo a babereki.<ref name=":2">[https://www.sundaystandard.info/bofepusu-threatens-to-restart-strike-if-negotiations-fail/ "BOFEPUSU threatens to restart strike if negotiations fail".] ''Sunday Standard''. 21 July 2011.</ref><ref name=":3">[https://www.pressreader.com/botswana/the-monitor-4753/20210419/281569473561671 "BOFEPUSU on 10th Aniversary of 2011 strike".] ''The Monitor''. 19 April 2021.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le motso, ka kgwedi ya Moranang, lekgotla la babereki ba puso (BOFEPUSU) le le emetseng babereki ba puso ba le dikete di le lekgolo, fa le tsibogela go gana go oketsa dituelo ga puso le ne la simolola ngalo ditiro ya babereki ba puso e e tsereng sebaka se seleele go gaisa tsotlhe mo ditsong tsa lefatshe leo, e nile go fitlhelela kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e fela, morago ga dikgwedi tse pedi.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> Tse ba BOFEPUSU ba neng ba di batla di ne di akaretsa lesome le borataro mo lekgolong la koketso ya madi a dituelo, le ntswa puso ya Khama e ne e gatelela gore se ga se kake sa kgonega. Ngalo ditiro e gape e ne e akaretsa go ngongoregela polotiki, ba gwetlha diphathi tsa kganetso go kopanela tlhopho kgatlhanong le puso ya Khama, le go ganana le molao wa pereko o o neng o kganela go tsaya karolo mo polotiking ga babereki ba puso. Fa e tsiboga, puso e ne ya ntsha batho ba le bantsi mo ditirong ba ba berekang ditiro tse di botlhokwa, mo go neng ga e letla go tsaya babereki kwa ntle le go obamela ditaelo tsa IMF tsa go fokotsa babereki ba puso.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":3" /> Le ntswa ngalo ditiro e ne ya retelelwa ke go dira gore dituelo di okediwe, e ne ya godisa go ela tlhoko polotiki mo mehameng e metona ya Batswana. Dikgang tsa pereko fa go lebilwe seemo sa itsholelo e ne ya nna kgang ya moruthutha mo letsholong la ithekisetsa ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bone.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":0" /> Mapolotiki a kganetso a ne a dirisa tshono e, ba dirisa megwanto ya BOFEPUSU e le serala sa go kgala puso ya ga Khama. Makgotla a babereki le baemedi ba kganetso ba ne ba simolola go gwtlha gore go fetolwe bateeldipele, se sa tshwenya puso thata. BOFEPUSU e nnile le seabe se se tona mo go rotloetseng gore diphathi tsa polotiki di kopanele tlhopho morago ga dingwaga di le masome tsa kgaogano e tona. Le ntswa baeteledipele bangwe ba makgotla a babereki ba ne ba amana le BCP, bontsi jwa dingongora tsa bone di ne di batla kopano ya diphathi tsa kganetso. Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi, BNF, BMD le BPP di ne tsa dumalana go tlhama [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]] (UDC), ba tshwaya bokopano jwa ntlha bo kwadisitsweng semmuso gareng ga diphathi tsa kganetso fa e sale ka boipuso. UDC e ne ya ikwadisa e le phathi ya sepolotiki go emela ditlhopho ba le seopo sengwe.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-botswana-politics-idUSKBN15I2JN "Botswana opposition groups unite to challenge ruling BDP",] Reuters, 3 February 2017</ref><ref>[https://www.sundaystandard.info/article.php?NewsID=20411&GroupID=1 Khonani Ontebetse, BDP faces growing UDC threat as elections loom-report] {{Web archive|url=https://web.archive.org/20141024172509/http://www.sundaystandard.info/article.php?NewsID=20411&GroupID=1}} Sunday Standard, 29 June 2014</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi, BMD e ne ya tsena mo tumalanong le phathi e tona ya kganetso BNF le Botswana People's Party go tlhama bokopano jwa UDC. Bokopano bo bo ne jwa tsaya karolo mo ditlhophong ka go abela bapati ditilo, le go tlhopha Duma Boko, modulasetilo wa BNF, go nna ntlhopheng wa botautona jwa bokopano jo. Dipuisano gareng ga BCP le UDC ka go kopana di ne tsa ema gotlhelele, le ntswa BOFEPUSU e ne e dira maiteko. Kgabagare, BCP, e jaanong e neng e le phathi ya boraro ka botona ya polotiki mo lefatsheng morago ga go tsaya diphathi tse pedi tse dipotlana, [[Botswana Alliance Movement]] le [[MELS Movement of Botswana]],<ref>[https://www.mmegi.bw/news/bcpbam-merge/news "Mmegi Online :: BCP, BAM Merge".] ''Mmegi Online''. 17 May 2010. Retrieved 16 July 2026</ref><ref>[https://www.thegazette.news/latest-news/mels-merges-with-bcp/ MELS merges with BCP?,] ''The Gazette'', 25 July 2013</ref> e ne ya tsaya tshwetso ya go emela ditlhopho ba le nosi.<ref>[https://www.mmegi.bw/news/lack-of-bcp-udc-unity-gives-bofepusu-a-headache/news Lack of BCP-UDC unity gives BOFEPUSU a headache], ''Mmegi'', 19 April 2013</ref> Fa kganetso e tswelela e kgaogane, e ne ya tswelela ka go nonofa, se e le kgwetlho ya ntlha mo go buseng ba sa emise ga BDP fa e sale ka boipuso jwa Botswana ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro. == Tsamaiso ya ditlhopho == Ka nako ya ditlhopho, maloko a a masome marataro le boraro a palamente a ne a kgaogangwa go nna mapalamente a le masome matlhano le bosupa a a neng a tlhophilwe go emela dikgaolo ka go itlhophela, maloko a le mane a ne a tlhophiwa ke phathi e e busang, a le mabedi e le tautona le motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente.<ref>[https://www.electionguide.org/elections/id/2496/ Botswana] IFES</ref> Batlhophi e ne e tshwanetse go nna Batswana ba ba dingwaga di lesome le borobabobedi le go feta, ba ba nnileng mo lefatsheng leo dikgwedi di se kwa tlase ga lesome le bobedi pele ga go ikwadisediwa ditlhopho. Batho ba ba nang le bogole jwa tlhaloganyo, ba ba nang le boagedi jwa mafatshe a mabedi, ba ba atlholetsweng loso, ba ba lebisitsweng molato wa tlhopho kgotsa ba le mo kgolegelong dikgwedi di le thataro ba ne ba sa letlelelwe go tlhopha. <ref>[http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/2041_B.htm Electoral system] IPU</ref> Le ntswa go ne go na le dipharologanyo mo maineng le melelwane ya dikgaolo tsa botlhophi, dipalo di ne di ntse di tshwana. Se e ne e le lantlha fa e sale ka boipuso jwa Botswana, ditlhopho tse tharo ka go latelelana di tshwarelwa mo dikgaolong tsa botlhophi tsa palo e e lekanang.<ref>''[https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/documents/2014%20General%20Elections%20Report.pdf 2014 General Elections Report]'' (PDF). Independent Electoral Commission. 2014. p.&nbsp;4.</ref> == Letsholo la go ithekisa == Letsholo la go ithekisetsa ditlhopho le ne la leswefadiwa ke go tlhokafala ga ga Motswaledi ka ntlha ya kotsi ya koloi ka Phukwi a le masome a mararo ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bone.<ref>[https://bulawayo24.com/index-id-news-sc-africa-byo-51431.html "President Khama election rival killed in car accident".] Bulawayo24 News. 30 July 2014. Retrieved 16 July 2026</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150923212614/http://www.dailynews.gov.bw/news-details.php?nid=13332 "Gomolemo Motswaledi passes on".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Radio Botswana. 30 July 2014. Archived from [http://www.dailynews.gov.bw/news-details.php?nid=13332 the original] on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2026</ref> Le ntswa go ne go na le magatwe a gore kotsi e amana le polotiki, ba sepodisi ba ne ba garela ka gore loso lo e ne e le kotsi.<ref>[https://www.sundaystandard.info/diss-whistleblower-claims-motswaledi-was-assassinated/ "DISS whistleblower claims Motswaledi was assassinated &#x7C; Sunday Standard".] September 2014.</ref><ref>[https://bulawayo24.com/index-id-news-sc-africa-byo-51601.html "Gomolemo Motswaledi killed?".] ''Bulawayo24''. Bulabayo24. 3 August 2014. Retrieved 16 July 2026</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140808072823/http://www.botswanaguardian.co.bw/news/971-was-motswaledi-killed.html "Was Gomolemo Motswaledi killed?"]. ''Botswana Guardian''. Botswana Guardian. 3 August 2014. Archived from [http://bettingbotswana.com/ the original] on 8 August 2014. Retrieved 16 July 2026</ref> Diphathi tsa kganetso di ne tsa supa puso ya Khama ka monwana go bo a busa ka kgatelelo, ba ne ba iponela setlhopha sa banana ba ba farologaneng ba ba neng ba sa dumalane le ka fa puso e tsamaisang itsholelo ka teng.<ref name=":4">[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2014/10/26/botswana-ruling-party-wins-national-elections/ Botswana ruling party wins national election Al Jazeera], 26 October 2014</ref> A etse tlhoko go gola ga go tlhoka go itumela, Khama o ne a fetola ka go solofetsa batho phetogo, fa a paapmatsa ka fa lefatshe le dirabng ka teng mo itsholelong fa le tshwantshanngwa le mafatshe a mangwe mo lefatsheng ka bophara ka nako ya kwelo tlase ya itsholelo ya mafatshefatshe.<ref name=":4" /> Phathi ya Botswana Democratic Party fa e lemoga gore e lebanwe ke mathata, e ne ya dira letsholo la go ithekisa le le tseneletseng ka maikaelelo a go kgatlhisa batlhophi. Ba ne ba dumalana gore go na le mathata a a amang bontlha jo bogolo jwa palo ya batho mme ba re se ke ka ntlha ya seemo sa itsholelo mo lefatsheng ka bophara, ba ikaelela go fetola seemo.<ref name=":5">[https://guardiansun.co.bw/News/bdp-2014-manifesto-a-political-father-christmas BDP 2014 Manifesto, a political Father Christmas] ''Guardian Sun'', 15 April 2014</ref> Maitlamo a bone a a ntshitsweng ka Moranang ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bone, a ne a femela motlhala wa phathi eo mo pusong, a gatelela gore Botswana e ne e le lengwe la mafatshe a a neng a humanegile thata pele ga boipuso mme le tokafetse thata fa le tshwantshanngwa le mafatshe a mangwe mo kgaolong.<ref name=":0" /> A ne gape a gatelela dikatlego tsa mo bosheng tsa puso tsa mananeo a botegeniki le matlo. Fa godimo ga foo, ba ne ba solofetsa go simolodisa projeke e ntsha ya Integrated Support Program for Arable Development (ISPAAD), le le diretsweng go ema nokeng balemi barui le go netefatsa gore lefatshe le nna le dijo tse di lekaneng. Lenaneo la ISPAAD le ne la kgalwa ke ba ba ganetsang ka ntlha ya gore ba ne ba dumela fa le le tlhwatlhwa e e kwa godimo.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6">[https://www.sundaystandard.info/the-battle-of-the-manifestoes-2014/ The battle of the manifestoes 2014,] ''Sunday Standard'', 15 June 2014</ref> Maitlamo a ne a sa tlhapa ka dikgang tsa pereko, kago ne go ka gakatsa botsalano jo bo neng bo sa iketla jwa makgotla a babereki, a be a bua fela gore phathi e tlaa "tswelela ka go rotloetsa botsalano jo bo siameng gareng ga ba tsaya karolo mo mohameng wa pereko." Fa ba tsiboga, BOFEPUSOba ne ba kgala maitlamo a ba sa kgwe mathe , ba supa Khama ka monwana go bo a solofetsa batho magodimo, le gore maitlamo a bone a go nna le botsalano le makgotla a babereki ke "maaka a matala". Phathi ya BDP gape e ne ya kgalelwa go itebaganya le dikgang tsa thuo, ka e ne e itlama go neela mohama wa thuto madi a mantsi, le ntswa go ne go na le matshwenyego a agolelang kwa godimo ka seemo sa tsamaiso ya thuto ya lefatshe leo. BDP e ne ya gagamatsa go kgala diphathi ts kganetso ya rotloetsa go supa karata e khibidu (e le sesupo sa go ntshiwa mo lobaleng mo kgweleng ya dinao le mebala ya phathi e e busang) go ntsha diphathi tsa kganetso mo motshamekong."<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":7">[https://www.fidh.org/IMG/pdf/ditshwanelo_elections_book.pdf Ditshwanelo Elections]</ref> Phathi ya Umbrella for Democratic Change e ne ya ntsha maitlamo a ditsebe di le masome a mararo le borobabobedi, a mo go one ba neng ba botsolosa puso ya ga Khama, ba e supa ka monwana go bo e busa ka kgatelelo le go sa tsamaise itsholelo sentle. UDC e ne e re yone e ka fetola seemo sa matshelo a batho, polotiki le itsholelo. Mo phathing ba ne ba re go diriwe tsamaiso ya palamente e e nonofileng thata ka go farologanya ditiro tsa moeteledipele wa lefatshe le tsa moeteledipele wa puso, ka go busetsa tonakgolo mo go neng ga emisiwamorago ga boipuso. Ba ne ba re gape ba ka tokafatsa dinonofo tsa makhanselara ba dira puso ya batho ka batho e e sa ikaegang golo go le gongwe.<ref name=":6" /> Mo go tsa thuto, UDC e ne ya re e ka tokafatsa diemo tse barutabana ba berekelang mo go tsone, ba tlhabolola dikgao, ba dira gore thuto ya bana ba ba botlana e nne ya mongwe le mongwe, le go netefatsa gore banana ba bona thuto e kgolwane ya ithutelo ditiro.<ref name=":7" /> Le ntswa ba ne ba leka go bona kemo nokeng ka go gatelela seemo sa pereko le mowa wa ngalo ditiro ya ngwaga dikete pedi, lesome le motso, maitlamo a UDC a ne a itebagantse thata le go kgala seemo sa puso ya BDP eseng ditshwanelo tsa babereki.<ref name=":7" /> Ba ne ba bua ka dikgang tsa matlo a bonno, ba solofetsa ditshekatsheko ka tirisanommogo le puso le mohama o o ikemetseng le go reka lefatshe mo go beng ba lone ba ditiropo le ba bangwe go rarabolola seemo sa tlhaelo ya ditsha.<ref name=":7" /> E bonwa e le nngwe ya diphathi tse di itshetletseng mo lefatsheng gape e nonofile le go feta morago ga go tsaya phathi ya BAM le MELS, Botswana Congress Party e ne ya phadisana ka serala sa tsweleo pele se se itebagantseng le ditshwanelo tsa babereki, go tokafatsa dikgao, le go tokafatsa diemo tsa botsogo le thuto, mo ba neg ba re go mo diphatseng.<ref name=":8">[https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/read/36680275/bcp-2014-manifesto-draft-final Ready to Lead - BCP Manifesto]</ref> Maitlamo a bone, a a neng a filwe setlhogo sa "re ipakanyeditse go etelela pele - re etelela Botswana pele go tswa mo marakanelong", a ne a na le ditsholofetso tse dintsi mo mehameng e e farologaneng.<ref name=":8" /> Bontsi jwa ditsholofetso tsa bone, bogolo jang tse di amanang le diphetogo tsa ditlhopho le tsamaiso ya lefatshe di ne di tshwana le tsa UDC, dipharologanyo di le ka fa di kwadilweng ka teng fela, bogolojang ka matlo a bonno.<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /> Phathi e ne ya re go fetolwe tsamaiso ya ditlhopho go tswa mo go nneng tlhopho ya bontsi go nna e e tlhakaneng e e nang le motho a le mongwe o o emetseng kgaolo mme ba oketse ditilo. == Metswedi == mdm3vvl4vqzsnqt9jldpojs2jry563m Lekgotla la babereki ba ba kopaneng ba Botswana Railways 0 14471 52588 2026-07-16T11:41:35Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Lekgotla la babereki ba ba kopaneng ba Botswana Railways #Wikipedia25BW 52588 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lekgotla la babereki ba ba kopaneng ba Botswana Railways''' (BRAWU) ke lekgotla la kgwebo le lemetseng babereki ba [[Botswana Railways]]. Le ikgolagantse le lekgotla la babereki le le kopantseng makgotla a mangwe mo [[Botswana]]. == Metswedi == * [[:en:International_Centre_for_Trade_Union_Rights|ICTUR]]; et&nbsp;al., eds. (2005). ''Trade Unions of the World'' (6th&nbsp;ed.). London, UK: John Harper Publishing. ISBN[[:en:Special:BookSources/0-9543811-5-7|&nbsp;<bdi>0-9543811-5-7</bdi>.]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071011073303/http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf "Trade Unions in Botswana"] (PDF). Archived from [http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf the original] (PDF) on 11 October 2007. Retrieved 16 July 2026 21c07q5yvhdxxq3zrqtf0jma0jvirbc Lekgotla la babereki le le kopatseng makgotla a mangwe 0 14472 52590 2026-07-16T11:47:23Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Lekgotla la babereki le le kopatseng makgotla a mangwe #Wikipedia25BW 52590 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lekgotla la babereki le le kopatseng makgotla a mangwe''' (BFTU) ke lekgotla la babereki mo [[Botswana]]. Le tlhamilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bosupa, le emetse masome a robabongwe mo lekgolong la makgotla otlhe a babereki mo lefatsheng le, le akaretsa makgotla otlhe a matona. BFTU gompieno e ikaga sesha, mo go tlaa dirang gore ba ba amanang le yone ba ba masome mabedi le botlhano ba kopane mme palo e fokotsege go ya kwa go lesome le boraro. BFTU e ikgolagantse le bokopano jwa mafatshefatshe jwa makgotla a babaereki le lekgotla la bokopano jwa babereki mo [[Aferika|Aforika]]. == Metswedi == * [[:en:International_Centre_for_Trade_Union_Rights|ICTUR]]; et&nbsp;al., eds. (2005). ''Trade Unions of the World'' (6th&nbsp;ed.). London, UK: John Harper Publishing. ISBN&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/0-9543811-5-7|<bdi>0-9543811-5-7</bdi>.]] tunx4o0szy4xnpwfdy7xho60odya0i9 Lekgotla la babereki ba dino le ba ba amanang le tsone mo Botswana 0 14473 52591 2026-07-16T11:52:58Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Lekgotla la babereki ba dino le ba ba amanang le tsone mo Botswana #Wikipedia25BW 52591 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lekgotla la babereki ba dino le ba ba amanang le tsone mo Botswana''' (BB&AWU) ke lekgotla la babereki le le ikgolagantseng le [[Lekgotla la babereki le le kopatseng makgotla a mangwe|lekgotla la babereki le le kopantseng makgotla a mangwe]] mo [[Botswana]]. == Metswedi == * [[:en:International_Centre_for_Trade_Union_Rights|ICTUR]]; et&nbsp;al., eds. (2005). ''Trade Unions of the World'' (6th&nbsp;ed.). London, UK: John Harper Publishing. ISBN&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/0-9543811-5-7|<bdi>0-9543811-5-7</bdi>.]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071011073303/http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf "Trade Unions in Botswana"] (PDF). Archived from [http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf the original] (PDF) on 11 October 2007. Retrieved 16 July 2026 jnqlwx82s1h3zyneuf1np8g2wzrut9c